text:
- Psychology & the public
- What we do
- Member networks
- Careers, education & training
Facebook clues may affect job prospects
Clues to a person's personality provided on Facebook could hamper their chances of employment, new research has suggested. Published in the International Journal of Work Innovation, the study revealed many bosses are looking at social media sites to find out more about a would-be worker's lifestyle, attitudes and appearance.
Investigators from the School of Journalism and Mass Communication at Florida International University in North Miami claimed such an approach is creating a digital divide and pointed to greater encroachment of virtual identity freedoms.
The team noted: "Job seekers should be aware that their future employers are closely observing their Facebook profiles in search of a window into their personality."
They explained such practice is an emerging phenomenon likely to continue for the foreseeable future.
And while employers are turning to social network sites to screen potential candidates, they are also using the medium to monitor the activities of their current employees, the researchers added.
Associate Fellow of the British Psychological Society Professor Gail Kinman CPsychol Csi of the University of Bedfordshire commented: "The findings of this study highlight the importance of managing one's online identity carefully. Under current conditions, more applicants are chasing fewer jobs.
"Employers are clearly prepared to consult a wider range of sources than the usual CV and interview in order to obtain more information about applicants' appearance, personality, lifestyle and friends in order to make predictions about their potential job performance.
"Although employers may not be very skilled at making inferences from social networking sites, the impressions they get may influence whether or not applicants are successful, or whether or not existing employees are promoted."
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Filter Air Shower
A filter air shower refers to an air shower system equipped with high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) or ultra-low penetration air (ULPA) filters. These filters play a critical role in removing particles and contaminants from individuals, materials, or equipment as they pass through the air shower.
Filter air showers ensure that the air used in the decontamination process is clean and free from particles as small as 0.3 microns. The filters are instrumental in achieving the high level of cleanliness required in controlled environments.
Filter air showers are commonly used in industries where maintaining strict contamination control standards is essential, such as pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, semiconductor manufacturing, and precision electronics production.
Goods Passage Air Shower
A goods passage air shower is a specialized air shower system designed for the decontamination of goods, materials, or equipment before they enter controlled environments. These systems are integral in industries where maintaining the cleanliness and integrity of products is of utmost importance.
Goods passage air showers are strategically placed at entry points to ensure that materials and equipment are thoroughly decontaminated. High-velocity, filtered air is emitted to dislodge and capture particles, dust, and contaminants from the surfaces of goods or equipment, guaranteeing that only properly decontaminated items enter the controlled space.
These systems are often customizable to accommodate various sizes and types of products. Industries such as pharmaceutical manufacturing, food processing, and semiconductor production rely on goods passage air showers to maintain product quality and safety standards.
Sliding Door Air Shower
A sliding door air shower is a sophisticated solution designed to enhance the efficiency and functionality of traditional air showers. These systems feature automated sliding doors, a departure from the manual swing doors found in conventional air showers. This innovation streamlines the decontamination process and reduces the risk of human error during entry and exit.
Automatic sliding door air showers offer several advantages. They expedite the movement of personnel and materials in and out of the air shower, which is especially beneficial in environments with high foot traffic. The automation minimizes the time required for decontamination and ensures that individuals do not bypass the process. These systems can also include sensors to prevent doors from opening until the decontamination cycle is complete, enhancing control and contamination prevention.
The customizable nature of these air showers allows users to set parameters like air velocity and shower duration, catering to the specific needs of various industries. Automatic sliding door air showers are a valuable addition to settings where maintaining the highest standards of cleanliness is paramount.
Air Shower of Clean Workshop
An air shower of a clean workshop is an essential component of cleanroom facilities. Its primary purpose is to decontaminate personnel and materials before they enter the controlled environment of a clean workshop.
High-velocity, filtered air is emitted in the air shower to dislodge and capture particles and contaminants from individuals or materials. This process ensures that only properly decontaminated personnel or objects gain access to the clean workshop, maintaining the cleanliness required for tasks like precision manufacturing, research, or electronics production.
The air shower of a clean workshop is an indispensable tool for maintaining the cleanliness and integrity of controlled spaces where even minor contamination can have significant consequences.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
A 'set' subclass providing fuzzy search based on N-grams.
The NGram class extends the Python 'set' class with efficient fuzzy search for members by means of an N-gram similarity measure. It also has static methods to compare a pair of strings.
The N-grams are character based not word-based, and the class does not implement a language model, merely searching for members by string similarity.
See the documentation, which includes a tutorial and release notes.
Use the GitHub issue tracker to report issues.
To install python-ngram from PyPI:
pip install ngram
How does it work?
The set stores arbitrary items, but for non-string items a key function (such as str) must be specified to provide a string represenation. The key function can also be used to normalise string items (e.g. lower-casing) prior to N-gram indexing.
To index a string it pads the string with a specified dummy character, then splits it into overlapping substrings of N (default N=3) characters in length and associates each N-gram to the items that use it.
To find items similar to a query string, it splits the query into N-grams, collects all items sharing at least one N-gram with the query, and ranks the items by score based on the ratio of shared to unshared N-grams between strings.
In 2007, Michel Albert (exhuma) wrote the python-ngram module based on Perl's String::Trigram module by Tarek Ahmed, and committed the code for 2.0.0b2 to a now-disused Sourceforge subversion repo.
Since late 2008, Graham Poulter has maintained python-ngram, initially refactoring it to build on the set class, and also adding features, documentation, tests, performance improvements and Python 3 support.
Development takes place on Github. On checking out the repo run tox to build the Sphinx documentation and run tests. Run pip install -e. to install the module in editable mode, inside a virtualenv.
Release history Release notifications | RSS feed
Download the file for your platform. If you're not sure which to choose, learn more about installing packages.


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Table of Contents :
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With the explosion of smartphones and social network services, location-based social networks (LBSNs) are increasingly seen as tools for businesses (e.g., restaurants and hotels) to promote their products and services. In this article, we investigate the key techniques that can help businesses promote their locations by advertising wisely through the underlying LBSNs. In order to maximize the benefit of location promotion, we formalize it as an influence maximization problem in an LBSN, i.e., given a target location and an LBSN, a set of k users (called seeds) should be advertised initially such that they can successfully propagate and attract many other users to visit the target location. Existing studies have proposed different ways to calculate the information propagation probability, that is, how likely it is that a user may influence another, in the setting of a static social network. However, it is more challenging to derive the propagation probability in an LBSN since it is heavily affected by the target location and the user mobility, both of which are dynamic and query dependent. This article proposes two user mobility models, namely the Gaussian-based and distance-based mobility models, to capture the check-in behavior of individual LBSN users, based on which location-aware propagation probabilities can be derived. Extensive experiments based on two real LBSN datasets have demonstrated the superior effectiveness of our proposals compared with existing static models of propagation probabilities to truly reflect the information propagation in LBSNs.
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Computer Science(all)


text:
High heels child with you forever
High-heeled predecessors originated in the Tang Dynasty, before: Li Bai, a chapter of classical mentioned in ancient mountain climbing shoe is a high-heeled big-class shoes, people can more easily when they boarded. 14th century: the first high heels can be traced back to China during the Ming Dynasty, the Ming dynasty, new shoes, the soles of the rear fitted with 4-5 cm long round-bottomed with mounted wrapped in silk. Beijing Ming Tomb unearthed sharp enough to Crested high heels, the production is very careful. Beijing Ming Tomb unearthed the tip Alice crested high-soled shoe is 12 cm long, the high end of 7 cm long, 5 cm wide, 4.5 cm high. Exquisite works of art
Tend to feel that the high heels from the West, China's high-heeled shoes as early as 100 years in the West. 15th century: the French court costume invented high heels. Since then, the height width of the heel, though not changed, but the frenzy of heels enduring. Shoes and women to share experiences, whether you are in what stage of life, regardless of body fat or thin, shoes with you forever. "

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Asked by: Lorretta Castromil
asked in category: General Last Updated: 2nd March, 2020
Where can I get blueprints for a house?
Click to see full answer.
Considering this, are building blueprints public record?
A blueprint is a map of a building. It ties the concept of design to the details required to erect a structure. Once the blueprints have been filed by the contractor with the municipality building department, these building plans are public records and technically attainable by anyone wanting to view them.
Beside above, how much does it cost to have blueprints drawn up? Blueprints are typically created by a draftsperson using CAD software, with some assistance from an architect. For this example, we'll look at the cost of getting blueprints for a two story, 1000 square foot addition. The average cost is $1200-$1500.
Consequently, is it cheaper to buy or build a house?
Where is the best place to find house plans?
6 of the Best Websites For Home Plans
 - Builder House Plans.
 - Dream Home Source.
 - House Plan Shop.
 - The House Plans Guide.
 - Floorplanner.
36 Related Question Answers Found
How do I find building blueprints?
How do I access blueprints?
Where can I find blueprints for my old house?
How do you find out the history of your house?
Where do I get Permits for my house?
Are building permits public information?
Do you need blueprints to build a house?
How do I check my house permits?
Can you build a house for under 50k?
Is it a bad time to buy a house?
How much would it cost to build a 1500 square foot home?
Can you build a house for 200k?
Can you build a house for under 100k?
Is it hard to get a loan to build a house?


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The Water Management Program
The Trent-Severn Waterway is a 386-kilometre inland canal system crossing central Ontario from Trenton on the Bay of Quinte to Port Severn on Georgian Bay. Natural rivers and lakes are connected by canal cuts, locks, and dams to form a navigable route through two neighbouring watersheds – the Trent and the Severn. There are three key components to the Waterway: the Trent River watershed, the Reservoir Lakes, and the Severn River watershed (Figure 1
). The characteristics of the three components are summarized here and described in more detail in fact sheets provided as appendices.
Figure 1. Watersheds of the Trent-Severn Waterway© Parks Canada
Runoff and Evaporation
Runoff rates and evaporation losses are determined by the characteristics of the lands in the watersheds and weather conditions.
South of the Shield
- Primarily rock and shallow soils
- Rapid runoff
- Less evaporation due to deeper lakes
- Deeper soils
- Slower runoff: depending on the time of year, only about 25% of precipitation appears as runoff flows
- Greater evaporation due to shallower lakes with larger surface
The Trent River watershed drains to Lake Ontario. The river basin has an area of 12,200 square kilometres and includes the reservoir lakes. Approximately one third of the basin lies in the Canadian Shield, with the other two thirds in the rolling farmlands of southern Ontario. The Trent River basin contains the Kawartha Lakes: Rice, Katchewanooka, Clear, Stony, Lovesick, Lower Buckhorn, Buckhorn, Chemong, Pigeon, Sturgeon, Scugog, Cameron and Balsam. These lakes lie primarily south of the Canadian Shield in rolling countryside, where rainfall runoff is usually slow and evaporation losses in the summer are high. The Otonabee and the Trent are the two primary rivers, with the Otonabee connecting Katchewanooka Lake and Rice Lake and the Trent connecting Rice Lake and the Bay of Quinte.
The Reservoir Lakes to the north consist of forty-four lakes in the Haliburton Highlands area that are dammed to collect spring runoff water. Water from the Reservoir Lakes is released over the summer to supply the Trent component of the Waterway. These lakes lie in the Precambrian Shield on the tributaries of the Gull, Burnt, and Mississagua River, as well as Nogies, Eels, and Jack Creek. The drainage area of the Haliburton tributaries (Gull and Burnt River) is in the order of 3,200 square kilometres.
The Severn River watershed
lies immediately west of the Trent River watershed and drains into Georgian Bay. This 6,160 square kilometre drainage area has three major components:
- The Lake Simcoe and Couchiching basin, including the Talbot River
- The Black River watershed that feeds into the Severn River downstream of Lake Couchiching
- The lakes and channels of the Severn River below Washago, including Sparrow Lake, Six Mile Lake and Gloucester Pool
Most of the drainage area for the Lake Simcoe-Couchiching basin is in the rolling farmland and deeper soils characteristic of the southern area. As a result, water run-off is slow and evaporation losses from both land and lake surfaces are high.
The Black River watershed, located in the thin soils and rock of the Precambrian Shield, is virtually unregulated and produces rapid run-off of precipitation with lower evaporation losses. Consequently, even though the Black River watershed is less than half of the area of the Simcoe-Couchiching basin, its long-term average flow is comparable. The Black also has high peak flows during the spring period. The watercourses of the Black and the Severn Rivers contain numerous narrow sections and natural constrictions that increase water levels in the river and create upstream flooding during high flows.


Fabio Burderi
Learn More
In recent years codes that are not Uniquely Decipherable (UD) have been studied partitioning them in classes that localize the ambiguities of the code. A natural question is how we can extend the notion of maximality to codes that are not UD. In this paper we give an answer to this question. To do this we introduce a partial order in the set of submonoids(More)
The canonical coding partition of a set of words is the finest partition such that the words contained in at least two factorizations of a same sequence belong to a same class. In the case the set is not uniquely decipherable, it partitions the set into one unambiguous class and other parts that localize the ambiguities in the factorizations of finite(More)
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BBC Home
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Last Updated: Thursday July 10 2008 12:01 GMT
New type of spooky slug found
Ghost slug
It might sound more like a creepy creature out of Harry Potter, but a new type of slimy slug has been found in gardens in Wales.
Most slugs you find in Britain are brown or black, have eyes, and eat plants.
But this one is all white, has no eyes, lives underground, and eats worms by sucking them in like spaghetti!
Scientists think they've found a new species, and have named it 'Selenochlamys ysbryda', or ghost slug.
The name partly comes from the Welsh word for ghost, ysbryd.
Similar slugs are found in the countries of Turkey and Georgia, where Europe meets Asia.
the blade-like teeth of a Ghost Slug
The slug's teeth are like blades
But experts say the creatures that were found in gardens in Cardiff and Caerphilly in south Wales are different.
They don't know where the ghost slugs came from, but think they may have been brought into Britain in plant pots.


It's the new, hot trend in Latin America: Families with money are equipping their vehicles with bullet-proof windows so they can keep their families safe.
"In Latin American countries from Brazil to Mexico, the affluent are increasingly shielding their cars as a precaution against violence that has thrived due to weak police forces, easy access to guns and young, unemployed men on the lookout for lucrative targets," says a Fox Latino report.
Trying to improve their odds against crime, violence and kidnappings, the report says that Venezuela's wealthy have poured money into security. The number of bodyguards has grown an estimated 70 percent in the past five years, and it's common to see the children of wealthy businesspeople shuttled to school by armed chauffeurs, the report says.
Colombia was a pioneer in producing armored cars due to a long-running rebel conflict and drug violence, the report says, but now, Venezuela surpasses Colombia in the number of armored cars produced each year.
In Brazil, sales have risen from 3,045 vehicles in 2004 to 7,332 in 2010, according to the Brazilian Armoring Association. It says that about 85 percent of Brazilian clients are business executives and that fears of street crime are driving the increase.
In Mexico, says the report, an estimated 2,300 cars will be armored this year, compared to 1,200 in 2007.


Take the 2-minute tour ×
Let $Y$ be the number of heads in a an $X$ toss sequence of flipping a coin with probability $p$ of heads. Show that $Y \sim \mathrm{Pois}(p \lambda)$ if $X \sim \mathrm{Pois}(\lambda)$.
share|improve this question
This looks a lot like homework, and if so, please add the homework tag. Hint: Use the law of total probability to calculate $P\{Y = k\}$ from $P\{Y = k\mid X = n\}$ and the known values of $P\{X = n\}$. – Dilip Sarwate Feb 19 '13 at 13:54
Sure. Right, so that's what I have been doing, but it's not obvious. – darksky Feb 19 '13 at 13:56
Further hint: Can you tell what is the value of $P\{Y=10\mid X = 4\}$? How about $P\{Y=10\mid X=15\}$? You will need to use the fact that for a specific $k$, $P\{Y=k\mid X=n\}$ is zero for some choices of $n$, cancel some factorial terms in the rest, and sum a series. – Dilip Sarwate Feb 19 '13 at 14:02
add comment
2 Answers
up vote 0 down vote accepted
Note that $Y\mid X=x\sim\mathrm{bi}(x,p)$ for $x=0,1,\ldots$ and so $$ P(Y=k\mid X=x)=\binom{x}{k}p^k(1-p)^{x-k},\quad k=0,\ldots,x. $$ Thus $$ P(Y=k)=\sum_{x=k}^\infty P(Y=k\mid X=x)P(X=x)=\sum_{x=k}^\infty\frac{x!}{k!(x-k)!}p^k(1-p)^{x-k}\frac{\lambda^x}{x!}e^{-\lambda}, $$ which by letting $x!$ cancel out we can write as $$ \frac{p^k}{k!}e^{-\lambda}\sum_{x=k}^\infty \frac{1}{(x-k)!}(1-p)^{x-k}\lambda^x. $$ Now write $\lambda^x$ as $\lambda^{x-k}\lambda^k$ and do a change of index so the sum starts at $x=0$. Then you should end up with $$ \frac{(p\lambda)^k}{k!}e^{- p\lambda}. $$
share|improve this answer
Well, your expression is actually incorrect. It should be $e^{- \lambda}$ – darksky Feb 19 '13 at 14:27
_USER_: You're right. I edited it, and it should be correct now. – Stefan Hansen Feb 19 '13 at 14:32
Can you please show some outline of the steps needed to go from second to the third line? – darksky Feb 19 '13 at 14:34
_USER_ The sum can be written as $$e^{-\lambda}{p^k\lambda^k\over k!}\sum_{j=0}^\infty {\bigl[((1-p)\lambda\bigr]^j\over j!}.$$(First cancel the $x!$. Then factor out $p^k e^{-\lambda}/k!$ and change indices in the sum.) – David Mitra Feb 19 '13 at 14:35
Thanks David! This is what I needed help with. – darksky Feb 19 '13 at 14:39
show 2 more comments
It is easiest to use probability generating functions $\mathcal{P}_Z(t) = \sum_{m=0}^\infty t^m \mathbb{P}\left(Z=m\right) = \mathbb{E}\left(t^Z\right)$. The probability generating function of a binomial random variable equals $\left(1-p + p t \right)^n$. Thus: $$ \mathcal{P}_Y(t) = \mathbb{E}\left(t^Y\right) = \mathbb{E}\left(\mathbb{E}\left(t^Y|X\right)\right) = \mathbb{E}\left( (1-p+t p)^X\right) = \mathcal{P}_X(1-p+ t p) = \exp\left(\lambda \left( \left(1-p + t p \right) -1 \right) \right) = \exp\left(\lambda p (t-1) \right) $$ The latter is the probability generating function of $\operatorname{Poi}\left(\lambda p \right)$.
share|improve this answer
Unfortunately, we haven't learned probability generating functions yet. – darksky Feb 19 '13 at 14:22
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Your Answer


Take the 2-minute tour ×
As you know, the javascript's parseFloat function works only until it meets an invalid character, so for example
parseFloat("10.123") = 10.123
parseFloat("12=zzzz") = 12
parseFloat("z12") = NaN
Is there a way or an implementation of parseFloat that would return NaN if the whole string is not a valid float number?
share|improve this question
add comment
3 Answers
up vote 15 down vote accepted
Use this instead:
var num = Number(value);
Then you can do:
if (isNaN(num)) {
 // take proper action
share|improve this answer
This is a better idea than my answer :) – rfunduk Jul 15 '10 at 15:30
Just be careful about some specific cases, e.g.: isNaN(parseFloat("")); // true and Number("") == 0; // true – CMS Jul 15 '10 at 15:38
_USER_ - You don't need to deal with illegal characters with this solution. Try this and you'll see: var x = Number("#!"); if (isNaN(x)) alert("bad"); – dcp Jul 15 '10 at 16:01
_USER_ - I'm not sure I understand, when I run your example I get NaN for num, which is what I would expect since ")(*(*&()*H3.4" isn't a valid float. Also, you left off an else clause before your second alert call, so perhaps you should test your code ;). Anyway, no need to get hostile here. – dcp Jul 15 '10 at 17:07
_USER_: Number doesn't 'coerce' a number out of a string. It's a function to convert a string into a number, if it is a valid number. The question asked to only yield a number if the whole string is a valid number. – rfunduk Jul 15 '10 at 18:05
show 2 more comments
Maybe try:
var f = parseFloat( someStr );
if( f.toString()!= someStr ) {
 // string has other stuff besides the number
Update: Don't do this, use _USER_'s method :)
share|improve this answer
+1 for providing an answer that solves the problem and then pointing the OP to use an answer you consider better. – NG. Jul 15 '10 at 15:33
It's indeed a bad way to solve this problem since it won't work with value like "12.5000". – HoLyVieR Jul 15 '10 at 16:43
_USER_: Yea, it really depends on where your data is coming from. Most languages serializing out values wont pad with zeroes unless you explicitly say so. Since Number() solves these sorts of problems (with a few caveats of it's own) there's no need to do this. – rfunduk Jul 15 '10 at 18:01
add comment
var asFloat = parseFloat("12aa");
if (String(asFloat).length!= "12aa".length) {
 // The value is not completely a float
else {
 // The value is a float
share|improve this answer
add comment
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text:
Color demosaicking is used to reconstruct full color images from incomplete color filter array samples captured by cameras with a single sensor array. In reconstructing natural-looking images, one key challenge is to model and respect the statistics of natural images. This paper presents a novel modeling strategy and an efficient color demosaicking algorithm. The approach starts with joint modeling of the color images, which supports simultaneous representation of inter-channel correlation and structural information in an image. The inter-channel correlation is explored by measuring the channel difference signals in the gradient domain, while the structural information is explored by nonlocal low-rank regularization. An efficient algorithm is then proposed to solve the joint formulation, by dividing the minimization problem into two sub-problems and solving them iteratively. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated with extensive experiments on both noiseless and noisy datasets, with comparison with existing state-of-the-art color demosaicking methods.
To facilitate further evaluation and exploration of the method proposed in the above paper, we publish the source code at this link.
You are free to use the source code provided that (1) you clearly cite the source; and (2) you do not make any redistribution of the code.


What Does Wine Sound Like? Italian Engineers Create Audio Profiles for Vintages
Ever wondered what your favorite wine would sound like? Some sound engineers in Italy set out to create auditory profiles for their country's best vintages. They created the sound for each wine on a computer and when they insert a probe into the wine, it will make music depending on how the wine is moved around in the glass. The project is still in the early development stages, but they hope to one day offer it to wine producers and restaurants. Inside Edition Digital's Mara Montalbano has more.
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Green Diary highlights artist Luke Jerram's new project "Aeolus," which seeks to capture the sound of wind passing through a landscape. According to Green Diary, Jerram received an £225K grant from the UK's Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPRSC) to create and tour Aeolus, an exploration of acoustics, wind, and architecture, which was inspired by a tour of desert wells in Iran that one local well-digger said sung in the wind. The artist has created a range of sculptures, installations, and live art projects, including the Plant Orchestra.
Aeolian wind harps were seen by Jerram as the best tools for capturing the sound of wind. "Long tensioned strings will resonate with the wind and will be heard by visitors inside the space. The ambition is to sonify the three dimensional landscape of wind. The public will be able to visualise this shifting wind map from within the space by interpreting the sound around them."
The piece will consist of components that explore light, including "hundreds of light pipes which both draw the landscape of light into the building and hum at a series of low frequencies. The tubes act to frame and magnify the landscape so that from inside the structure, at its centre, visitors can see through one hundred of these pipes simultaneously, contemplating an ever changing landscape of light."
The installation features a specially designed architectural space that will resonate and sing with the wind. EPRSC and the engineering groups of University of Southampton (ISVR) and University of Salford are involved and funding the project because they hope to learn more about how to make audible wind noises without electrical power or amplification.
The temporary installation will tour sites in the UK and elsewhere, and each location's unique wind and landscape sound will be recorded.
Image credit: Luke Jerram


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Jump to navigation Jump to search
|The Simple English Wiktionary has a definition for: waterhole.|
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to watering holes.|
A waterhole or water hole is a depression in the ground in which water can collect.
Waterhole or water hole may also refer to:
- Water hole (radio), an especially quiet region of the electromagnetic spectrum
- The Water Hole, a 1928 Western film
- Waterhole No. 3, a 1967 Western comedy film, a comic remake of The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly
- Watering hole attack, a computer attack strategy
Related pages[change | change source]
- Water well, an excavated hole that is dug to provide water
| This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Waterhole.
If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.


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P1dB vs TOI-1dB compression point,Third Order Intercept Point
This page compares P1dB vs TOI and mentions difference between P1dB (1dB compression point) and TOI (Third Order Intercept Point). It also describes IIP3,OIP3 etc.
TOI | Third Order Intercept Point
As mentioned TOI refers to Third Order Intercept Point. As we know from our discussion in intermodulation distortion page, saturated or overdriven amplifier produces unwanted products of input signals. This is known as IMD (Intermodulation Distortion). When two or more signals are fed to the nonlinear device whether passive or active will generate many combinations of input signals produced at the output. These contain first order, second order and third order products. Out of these intermodulation distortion (IMD) products only third order products are vulnerable to interference due to its higher amplitude and close proximity with the desired signals. For f1 and f2 input signals, output third order products namely 2f1-f2 as well as 2f2-f1 lead to IMD interference.
Each P1dB increase results in 3dB increase in 3rd order IM (Intermodulation) power. TOI point is a figure of merit,
which characterizes a RF receiver's tolerance subjected to multiple RF signals outside passband of interest.
The TOI points on X-axis and Y-axis are designated as IIP3 and OIP3 respectively.
Refer IIP3 versus OIP3 which describes difference between IIP3 and OIP3.
The figure depicts IP3 measurement setup.
➤ OIP3 = POUT + ΔP/2
ΔP = POUT - POUT_3
Here POUT refers to power of fundamental signals when they are equal in magnitude
POUT_3 refers to power of third order intermodulation products when they are equal in magnitude
Refer IIP3 calculator >> which calculates IIP3 and OIP3, when powers of both fundamental signals are equal and when powers of IMD products are also equal.
Refer IM3 calculator which calculates third order intercept points at input (i.e. IIP3) and at output (i.e. OIP3) using IM3 formula mentioned above.
P1dB | 1dB compression point
P1dB or 1dB compression point is the part of the curve where, 2dB change in the input power fed to the amplifier(RF circuit) results into 1 dB change in the output power. The input and output powers are called as P1Bin and P1dBout respectively. In reality, Intercept point is usually about 10 dB higher value compare to P1dB (1dB compression point).
Both IIP3 and OIP3 are results of third order intermodulation distortion products. RF circuit does not function correctly or amplify the input signal properly at the IIP3 input level.
IIP3 mentioned above is the 3rd order intercept point at the input of the amplifier for OIP3 (Output third Order Intercept point).
Following equation mentions relation between IIP3 and OIP3 with respect to gain.
Gain + IIP3 = OIP3
The formula is useful in order to characterize linearity of a RF receiver for signals below the saturation level.
What is Difference between
difference between FDM and OFDM
Difference between SC-FDMA and OFDM
Difference between SISO and MIMO
Difference between TDD and FDD
Difference between 802.11 standards viz.11-a,11-b,11-g and 11-n
OFDM vs OFDMA
CDMA vs GSM


A sharp upper bound on the probability of a random vector falling outside a polytope, based solely on the first and second moments of its distribution, can be computed efficiently using semidefinite programming. However, this Chebyshev-type bound tends to be overly conservative since it is determined by a discrete worst-case distribution. In this paper we obtain a less pessimistic Gauss-type bound by imposing the additional requirement that the random vector's distribution must be unimodal. We prove that this generalized Gauss bound still admits an exact and tractable semidefinite representation. Moreover, we demonstrate that both the Chebyshev and Gauss bounds can be obtained within a unified framework using a generalized notion of unimodality. We also offer new perspectives on the computational solution of generalized moment problems, since we use concepts from Choquet theory instead of traditional duality arguments to derive semidefinite representations for worst-case probability bounds.


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The Investigation Of Reflective Inquiry Based Activities' Effects On Preservice Teachers' Laboratory Self-Efficiancy Perceptions
Today's science education reforms emphasis on constructivism and inquiry in the education systems. This research investigates the effects of Reflective Inquiry Based activities on preservice teachers' laboratory self-efficiancy perceptions. The study was conducted at a public university's education faculty which is located in Istanbul, with Science Education Program's second grade students in the 2010-2011 Academic Year Spring Semester. The working group was 66 preservice science teachers; 36 of them were control, 30 of them were experimental group. The applications were made by researcher in General Biology Laboratory Course II along 8 weeks, 2 hours each week with traditional approach to control group and with reflective inquiry approach to experimental group. The problem statement of the study was "Is there any statistical difference between control and experimental groups' laboratory self-efficiancy perceptions according to be taught by reflective inquiry based or traditional approaches?" Datas were collected by "Laboratory Self-Efficiancy Perception Scale" and "Reflection Skills Questions". At the end of the study, statistically increase was found in laboratory self efficiancy perceptions and reflection skills in favor of experimental group. It was seen that reflective skills questions were also supported laboratory self-efficiancy perceptions scale findings.
KeywordsReflective Inquiry, 5E Model, Science Teacher Training, General Biology Laboratory.


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Card Dispensing Solutions With MUTEK products
Recently, there are many questions raised about our card dispensing solutions. Generally, here is an article that briefly summarizes the difference of card issuing machines and card dispensers. It will also serve as an reference when you are going to deploy your own card dispensing solutions.
What's the difference of a card dispenser and a card issuing machine?
Generally, there is no difference from the mechanism point of view. Both would dispense a card from the hopper pre-loaded with cards. In our internal definition, a card dispenser would have possibility to do auto reading/writing of different card type before dispensing. Or it's also possible to serve as a card reader writer that would accept cards from the card holders from the front bezel.(MTK-F31, MTK-X61).
For a card issuing machine, it may not have space or options to integrate a card reader/writer. While it is still possible to work with an external card reader with handshaking jobs done by the host machine.(MTK-F12).
Certain Types of Card Dispensers:
When mentioning Card dispenser for certain card types, e.g. magnetic, IC or RF, it indicates that the dispenser would have reading and/or writing function for that card type. For example:
 1. Magnetic+RFID+IC Card Dispenser: MTK-X91(Magnetic+IC+RFID R/W) and MTK-X61(Magnetic Read, RFID/IC R/W) are both configurable to do one/two/three types of card reading/writing;
 2. Smart Card Dispenser: MTK-571 and MTK-F31 are optional to R/W either RFID and/or IC cards.
Magnetic Card Dispensing Solutions:
Magnetic Card dispensers are strictly divided into 2 categories: Magnetic R/W dispenser and Magnetic Read Only Dispenser. It's mainly due to the cost and practicability factors. For example, a magnetic swipe reader cost only US$10 while a magnetic swipe reader/writer may need over US$100. So as a matter of fact, a magnetic read card dispenser for kiosks is typically priced below US$1000, while a real self-service terminal magnetic read/write dispenser would cost over US$1500.
MUTEK Magnetic Card Dispenser Products:
 1. MTK-X91 all function card dispenser: The machine have magnetic R/W dispensing function while optional to have IC/RFID read/write modules. We don't suggest this model to be used on self-service kiosks; it's mainly used by card manufacturers for batch initialization and verification.
 2. MTK-X61 hybrid Magnetic Read Dispenser: The machine has magnetic read only dispensing function and optional Smart card Reading/writing modules. This one is possible to be used on kiosks and other unattended self-service terminals.
Smart Card (IC/RFID) Card Dispensing Solutions:
Smart Card dispenser is supposed to have one of or both of the IC and RFID card reading/writing modules integrated. It would generally support the ISO standard contact/contactless card types. Customers may also integrate their own specific card reader/writers for other non-standard card types such as HID or iClass types.
MUTEK Related Smart Card Dispensing products:
MTK-571 and MTK-F31 are smart card dispenser that is compatible with each other, both would support RFID/IC card dispensing with front card reading/writing. MTK-F31 is short inprofile which allows it to be installed in slim chassis. Furthermore, card recycling function is supported by MTK-F31.


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International Early Career Scientists
Science is a multinational, cross-cultural endeavor that connects researchers across the borders created by discipline and continent. HHMI believes it is vital to encourage the careers and scientific creativity of scientists working abroad.
In this pilot program, HHMI identified scientists who are, or have the potential to become, scientific leaders. The International Early Career Scientist program awards each selected scientist $650,000 over five years with the goal of helping these talented individuals establish independent research programs.
The 28 scientists, who are at 22 institutions in 12 countries, have led their own laboratories for less than seven years.
Chosen scientists were from 12 countries—Argentina, Brazil, Chile, China, Hungary, India, Italy, Poland, Portugal, South Korea, South Africa, and Spain.


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I am working on a web app that provides a visual programming environment to generate 3D models - Mobius
It involves creating a scripts by adding lines of coding and just editing parameters. We are using angular-tree-component to generate a tree to represent the code structure, like in the image below
The lines of code are draggable - but as the tree becomes bigger - dragging and dropping becomes cumbersome. Hence, we were thinking of adding a cut-paste functionality with which the user can select and cut lines of code and paste them somewhere else.
What would be the most user-friendly way of implementing this functionality?
Adding Ctrl+X, Ctrl+V shortcuts are one way - but I am not sure if it would be discoverable, given that this feature didn't exist before. What microinteractions should I be taking care of in this case?
Is there a better way to implement this other than keyboard shortcuts? Each line has a set of buttons that are visible when the line is focussed. Not sure if adding another button to that is a good idea?


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'Cursing stone' discovered on Isle of Canna
London, May 20 (ANI): An ancient stone that was discovered by chance on the Isle of Canna is Scotland's first known example of a bullaun "cursing stone", according to experts.
Dating from about 800 AD, the stones are associated with early Christian crosses - of which there is one on the isle.
It was found in an old graveyard by a National Trust for Scotland (NTS) farm manager.
The stone about 25cm in diameter and engraved with an early Christian cross fits exactly into a large rectangular stone with a worn hole, which was located at the base of the Canna cross.
NTS manager of Canna, Stewart Connor, said the importance of the stone became clear after he was notified of the discovery.
"We knew of the importance of bullaun stones and that it could be a really significant find," the BBC quoted him as saying.
"Our head of archaeology confirmed a possible link to the stone at the cross and I was so excited that I went back out at 9pm that night to check whether it fitted the stone with the hole and it did," he said.
Katherine Forsyth, an expert in the history and culture of early Celtic-speaking peoples, based at the University of Glasgow, described it as an "amazing find".
"Stones like this are found in Ireland, where they are known as 'cursing stones', but this is the first to be discovered in Scotland," she said.
"They date from the early Christian period but have continued to be used by pilgrims up to modern times.
"Traditionally, the pilgrim would recite a prayer while turning the stone clockwise, wearing a depression or hole in the stone underneath," she said.
Dr Forsyth said bowl-shaped lower stones had been found elsewhere in Scotland, including on Canna, but this was the first discovery of a top stone.
"This exciting find provides important new insight into religious art and practice in early Scotland and demonstrates just how much there is still to be discovered out there," she added. (ANI)
Read More: National Book Trust | National Literacy Mission | University Grants Commission (UGC) | Ireland | National Physical Laboratory | Guru Nanak Dev University | L.s.farm | Chennai National Terminal | Christian College Tambaram | Calicut University | Kochi University | Union Christian College | Kolkata University | Kaziranga National Park | Betla National Park | Magadh University | Ranchi University | Bnmu University Madhepura | Morarji Desai National Institute of Yoga | National Academy of Direct Taxes
BCCI suspends Gurunath Meiyappan from all cricketing activities
May 26, 2013 at 2:08 PM
Maoist attack: PM, Sonia reach Raipur to assess situation
May 26, 2013 at 2:04 PM
DHARMENDRA PROMOTES YAMLA PAGLA DEEWANA 2 IN ___BAANI___
May 26, 2013 at 1:06 PM


A lot of thesaurus - A little bit dictionary
Overview of verb judge
1. judge -- (determine the result of (a competition))
2. evaluate, pass judgment, judge -- (form a critical opinion of; "I cannot judge some works of modern art"; "How do you evaluate this grant proposal?" "We shouldn't pass judgment on other people")
4. pronounce, label, judge -- (pronounce judgment on; "They labeled him unfit to work here")
5. judge, adjudicate, try -- (put on trial or hear a case and sit as the judge at the trial of; "The football star was tried for the murder of his wife"; "The judge tried both father and son in separate trials")


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Sinusoidal oscillators are known to be realized using dynamical systems of second-order or higher. Here we derive the Barhkausen condition for a linear noninteger-order (fractional-order) dynamical system to oscillate. We show that the oscillation condition and oscillation frequency of some famous integer-order sinusoidal oscillators can be obtained as special cases from general equations governing their fractional-order counterparts. Examples including fractional-order Wien oscillators, Colpitts oscillator, phase-shift oscillator and LC tank resonator are given supported by numerical and PSpice simulations. © 2008 IEEE.
Radwan A.G., Elwakil A.S., Soliman A.M.
Fractional-order circuits; Noninteger order systems; Oscillators
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers, Vol. 55, PP. 2051 to 2063, Doi: 10.1109/TCSI.2008.918196


Hephaestian Plane, Vulgo Vulcani (3.5e Environment)
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A plane handed down from the overdeity Hephaestian, ancient blacksmith of the gods. Vulgo Vulcani is a plane without equal in the pursuance of the finest materials and techniques of blacksmithing. Many worlds are earthlike with no particular dominant element but each planet has something in common. The rarest ores in the multiverse can be found here and blacksmithing is substantially easier due to the magic of this dimension. Xemus's the son of Hephaestus inherited this plane from him as he himself passed into nothingness. The legendary volcano forge of hephaestus exists here on Vulgo Vulcani, Xemus's world, for his own use.
Plane Traits[edit]
Physical Traits[edit]
 - Gravity: Normal:The usual rules for ability scores, carrying capacity, and encumbrance apply.
Subjective Directional Gravity: located in forgeries by blacksmiths, allows for better weaponsmithing and while used to smith offers +5 bonus for every wisdom bonus above 16.
 - Time: Flowing Time, slowed: Time still passes, but the effects of time are diminished.This affects hunger, thirst, aging, the effects of poison, and healing.
 - Size: Finite Size: This plane though finite is extremely vast to encompass all the rarest maetrials and ores in the multiverse.
 - Morphic: Alterable Morphic: objects remain where they are (and what they are) unless affected by physical force or magic. You can change the immediate environment as a result of tangible effort
Magic, Alignment, and Energy/Elemental Traits[edit]
 - Elemental Dominance:
Fire: The forging capabilities of this plane are extraoridnary. The Fire dominant sections of this plane are located entirely within specific starforges which must be entered to use. When entered unprotected wood, paper, cloth, and other flammable materials catch fire almost immediately, and those wearing unprotected flammable clothing catch on fire. In addition, individuals take 3d10 points of fire damage every round they are in a star forge unless magically protected. Those that are made of water take double damage each round. In the grand starforge in the form of a volcano on the planet Vulgo Vulcanis individuals incur 6d20dmg of fire damage every round while while those made of water burst into flames and are killed instantly.
 - Energy Dominance:
Positive: Other than the forges the planets can be described as a riotous explosion of life in all its forms. Colors are brighter, fires are hotter, noises are louder, and sensations are more intense as a result of the positive energy swirling through the plane. All individuals in this plane gain fast healing 2 as an extraordinary ability.
 - Alignment Trait:
The Hephaestus plane Vulgo Vulcani is considered mildly neutral-aligned, though it may contain high concentrations of evil or good, law or chaos in places.
 - Magic Trait:
Enhanced: Magic of the fire element are enhanced to double their strength or damage in a forge or blacksmith area.
Plane Links[edit]
This plane can only be accessed through an ritual known as the Path Forge. Access can then be accessed through the gateway at any time.
Plane Inhabitants[edit]
VulgansHumanoid people though appear to have much stronger body builds for both male and female counterparts. They create weapons and armor for warring countries and are intelligent as well as versetile in the way they conduct themselves.
Movement and Combat[edit]
Normal: movement and combat is normal done the same as through the material plane.
Features of the Plane[edit]
Vast and spacelike the plane is almost exactly like the material plane but the positive energy makes everything much more lively. The massive forge constructs located on every planet to make the most powerfull equipment are entered by only the most revered blacksmiths. There are towns cities people, dungeons, monsters, and even dragons. Though everything is slightly stronger than normal
Plane Encounters[edit]
More vibrant colored versions of monsters exist here. They are also much stronger than normal due to having survived the extreme war prowess of this plane. Rare ruins or deposits of rare ore are usually guarded by powerfull constructs or monsters that protect it with their lives.
Alternate Variances[edit]
Planets can be whatever you can imagine, though, think medevil earth. monsters are much stronger than normal, usually a simple kobold has double hitpoints, attack, and damage than normal. Forges greatly inhance craft skills and illemenate xp cost for creating any type of item. amount of days to make also decrese by half as also cost. While using a starforge caster level required is ignored. though caster/creater level of 25 must be had to enter.
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Claytile redesigns for sustainability with new rotary kiln
Claytile recently revamped its entire production process. This included the replacement of its tunnel kiln with a rotary kiln and the installation of variable speed drives in factory equipment. The revamp also provided the opportunity for Claytile to reconsider its material flows and redesign its clay milling process with dematerialisation and sustainability in mind.
Replacement of the tunnel kiln with the new rotary kiln has led to lower thermal energy, electricity and maintenance requirements. The rotary kiln is more efficient at using thermal energy than the previous tunnel kiln. It also relies on the natural convection of air, requiring less fans to operate. This has led to a significant decrease in electricity use which is usually required to drive fans. Claytile also decreased its electricity use by installing energy efficient variable speed drives in its conveyer belts and other factory equipment. Maintenance requirements have been reduced because the new rotary kiln is carless.
Milling & Extrusion
At the start of the production process, clay milling operations were changed to include screening before and after crushing. The inclusion of screening before crushing eliminated the need for electricity to be used on crushing approximately 30% of the raw material that was already small enough to be used in production, leading to significant monetary savings.
Considering that Claytile's screening is particularly fine for its multi-perforated products, the pre-screening practice would likely provide similar value to a number of brick makers. The layout of the crushing process was also improved to minimise handling and three-day souring applied to allow water to penetrate the clay better, leading to increased wetting and energy savings at extrusion as a result. This also reduced wasted raw materials and improved brick quality.
Heat recovery and ambient drying
As part of Claytile's recent production process overhaul, the company also implemented ambient drying, heat recovery measures and installed a scrubber to drastically reduce air pollutants.
Ambient drying is used to decrease the water moisture content in extruded bricks. This reduces the amount of energy needed to remove moisture during drying, decreasing the energy required to dry and fire each brick. Although natural drying is common practice with clamp kilns, it is less common with the use of tunnel kilns where bricks are usually moved from dryer to kiln within half a day. This is because the firing energy savings from reduced brick moisture are not usually deemed enough to outweigh the kiln car expenses and space required to move and ambient dry extruded bricks.
However, Claytile was able to implement ambient drying by packing bricks on the ground inside the factory's semi-open building structure, allowing bricks to dry for two days after extrusion before being fired in the kiln. Minimising the handling required for ambient drying and protecting the bricks from rain conditions, made it worthwhile financially to use ambient drying which reduced the water moisture in bricks from previous levels of 15% to 10%.
Claytile also reconfigured its production process to recover waste heat for reuse in drying. This included full recovery of both exhaust gas heat from brick firing and waste heat from cooling, which together provided enough energy to power the dryer. A scrubber was also installed on the factory's only exhaust stack to capture 90% of the sulphur dioxide and particulate matter that would otherwise be expelled from the dryer exhaust into the air.
The heat recovery measures and natural air drying practice, have together led to a 40% reduction in thermal energy requirements for both drying and firing. These reductions have yielded the benefits of lower firing fuel costs and decreased air pollution.


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Vanuatu joins the Union
24 August 2012 | News story
The Government of the Republic of Vanuatu has officially announced its decision to join IUCN by endorsing the IUCN Statutes. The Ministry of Lands and Natural Resources has been designated by the Government of the Republic of Vanuatu as its liaison with the IUCN Secretariat.
IUCN extends its warmest welcome to Vanuatu, an archipelago of over 80 islands in the South Pacific Ocean located east of Australia and west of Fiji. Vanuatu is mountainous with a few active volcanoes on some islands. It is part of the biodiversity hotspot of east Melanesia, harboring notable endemic species and diverse marine and coastal life. Many communities rely heavily on native species for their livelihoods, and as such, the economic, social and cultural value of species is very high.
Natural resources are invaluable to the people of Vanuatu; agriculture and eco-tourism are the main sources of revenue. A country rich in culture; Vanuatu is considered one of the most culturally diverse countries in the world, with more than 100 distinct languages and dialects.
The Government of Vanuatu is party to key environmental conventions, such as the Convention on Biological Diversity, the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, and others.
"Vanuatu is a critical link in ensuring the Melanesian countries are on board – especially with their unique biodiversity and cultural contribution to the global community," says Taholo Kami, Regional Director, IUCN Oceania.
IUCN Oceania has been working with the Vanuatu government under its Energy programme, looking at alternative renewable energy resources, and through the Water and Wetlands programme, whereby Vanuatu is a receiving country under the Mangrove Ecosystems for Climate Change Adaptation and Livelihoods project, which aims to safeguard and manage mangrove ecosystems in five Pacific countries. IUCN Oceania looks forward to continued collaboration in these and other programme areas.
For more information on IUCN Membership in Oceania please contact Helen Pippard, Membership Focal Point at _EMAIL_


text:
Who to select:
The most important aspect of a MJTA workshop is team selection. In addition to the technical competence required, participants should have:
- The ability and willingness to clearly and accurately describe their experience and knowledge.
- The skill of listening respectfully to the views of others and participating effectively in group discussions without dominating or being dominated.
- The disposition toward not overreacting to criticism or having their contributions analyzed/reorganized.
- The disposition toward being a team player an wants to participate in the process.
more Participant Selection - SME; Engineers; Supervisors | back to previous page


text:
UPDATED (see below).
Thank goodness we have mathematics to solve the world's most pressing dilemmas, such as "What's the speed of light?" and "How do I make the world's tastiest pancakes?" Dr. Ruth Fairclough, a mathematics professor at Wolverhampton University, set out to solve the latter problem, and has now unveiled her formula for the perfect pancake—coincidentally, just in time for International Pancake Day.
So what's the secret to the choicest possible breakfast? With L representing the number of lumps in the batter, C the consistency, T the temperature, and a host of other variables, she calculated that perfect pancakes need only follow this simple equation:
100 – [10L - 7F + C(k - C) + T(m - T)]/(S – E).
The closer to 100 the result is, the better the pancake. The temperature of the pan (m), the consistency (C), and how long the batter sits (S) before cooking—to allow for absorption of the milk by the flour—are among the most crucial factors in making successful pancakes. The size of the pan is also important—too big and the pancakes will be hard to flip, of course.


Retrieve metadata for files specified via path or via file id.
If the files are specified via path, the returned dribble will include a path column. To add path information to any dribble that lacks it, use drive_reveal(), e.g., drive_reveal(d, "path"). If you want to list the contents of a folder, use drive_ls(). For general searching, use drive_find().
If you want to get a file via path and it's not necessarily on your My Drive, you may need to specify the shared_drive or corpus arguments to search other collections of items. Read more about shared drives.
 path = NULL,
 id = NULL,
 shared_drive = NULL,
 corpus = NULL,
 verbose = deprecated(),
 team_drive = deprecated()
Character vector of path(s) to get. Use a trailing slash to indicate explicitly that a path is a folder, which can disambiguate if there is a file of the same name (yes this is possible on Drive!). If path appears to contain Drive URLs or is explicitly marked with as_id(), it is treated as if it was provided via the id argument.
Character vector of Drive file ids or URLs (it is first processed with as_id()). If both path and id are non-NULL, id is silently ignored.
Anything that identifies one specific shared drive: its name, its id or URL marked with as_id(), or a dribble. The value provided to shared_drive is pre-processed with as_shared_drive(). Read more about shared drives.
Character, specifying which collections of items to search. Relevant to those who work with shared drives and/or Google Workspace domains. If specified, must be one of "user", "drive" (requires that shared_drive also be specified), "allDrives", or "domain". Read more about shared drives.
[Deprecated] This logical argument to individual googledrive functions is deprecated. To globally suppress googledrive messaging, use options(googledrive_quiet = TRUE) (the default behaviour is to emit informational messages). To suppress messaging in a more limited way, use the helpers local_drive_quiet() or with_drive_quiet().
[Deprecated] Google Drive and the Drive API have replaced Team Drives with shared drives.
Special considerations for paths
See also
Wraps the files.get endpoint and, if you specify files by name or path, also calls files.list:
# get info about your "My Drive" root folder
#> # A dribble: 1 x 4
#> name path id drive_resource
#>
#> 1 My Drive ~/ 0AO_RMaBzcP63Uk9PVA
# the API reserves the file id "root" for your root folder
drive_get(id = "root")
#> # A dribble: 1 x 3
#> name id drive_resource
#> *
#> 1 My Drive 0AO_RMaBzcP63Uk9PVA
#> # A dribble: 1 x 4
#> name path id drive_resource
if (FALSE) {
# The examples below are indicative of correct syntax.
# But note these will generally result in an error or a
# 0-row dribble, unless you replace the inputs with paths
# or file ids that exist in your Drive.
# multiple names
drive_get(c("abc", "def"))
# multiple names, one of which must be a folder
drive_get(c("abc", "def/"))
# query by file id(s)
drive_get(id = "abcdefgeh123456789")
drive_get(id = c("abcdefgh123456789", "jklmnopq123456789"))
# apply to a browser URL for, e.g., a Google Sheet
my_url <- ""
drive_get(id = my_url)
# access the shared drive named "foo"
# shared_drive params must be specified if getting by path
foo <- shared_drive_get("foo")
drive_get(c("this.jpg", "that-file"), shared_drive = foo)
# shared_drive params are not necessary if getting by id
# search all shared drives and other files user has accessed
drive_get(c("this.jpg", "that-file"), corpus = "allDrives")


text:
Estimation of Wiener Diffusion Parameters Using Process Measurements Subject to Error
Most materials and components degrade physically before they fail. Engineering degradation tests are designed to measure these degradation processes. Measurements in the tests reflect the inherent randomness of degradation itself as well as measurement errors created by imperfect instruments, procedures and environments. This paper describes a statistical model for measured degradation data that takes both sources of variation into account. The paper presents inference procedures for the model and discusses some practical issues that must be considered in dealing with the statistical problem.
KeywordsDegradation Process Wiener Process Measurement Error Variance Profile Likelihood Function Inverse Gaussian Process
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
- Cox, D.R. and Miller, H.D. (1965), The Theory of Stochastic Processes,Chapman and Hall.Google Scholar
- Doksum, Kjell A. and Hóyland, Arnljot (1992), "Models for Variable-stress AcceleratedGoogle Scholar
- Life Testing Experiments Based on Wiener Processes and the Inverse Gaussian Distribution," Technomeirics,34(1), 74–82.Google Scholar
- Lu, Jin. (1994), "A Reliability Model Based on Degradation and Lifetime Data," Ph.D. thesis, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.Google Scholar


text:
NBC affiliate KXAS-TV had an interesting story this week, about the cost of text messaging. Text messages may cost you ten or twenty cents each to send, but if you are a prolific text messager, you probably have a plan that covers several hundred texts for a fixed price. In comparison to everything else on your cell phone bill, text messages may not seem like a lot of money, but some say the actual cost of sending a text message makes it the most expensive form of communication.
Cali Lewis of Greekbrief.TV says the amount of data being transferred is so minimal, that twenty cents per text is a ridiculous amount of money. "If I was to download a song, and a song is about four megabytes, using the same calculations, it would cost me $6,000."
Knowing how much text messages cost you to send compared to how little the cost the phone companies, will send fewer texts?


Take the 2-minute tour ×
I have an array with a bunch of strings and I want to check if a certain string is contained in the array. If I use the containsObject: message on the array, I'm getting correct results. Do all NSString objects with the same string point to the same object? Or why is the containsObject: working?
NSArray *stringArray = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"1",@"2",@"3",anotherStringValue, nil];
if([stringArray containsObject:@"2"]){
share|improve this question
2 Answers 2
up vote 89 down vote accepted
Yes, hard-coded NSStrings (string literals) (that is any @"..." in your source code) are turned into strings that exist indefinitely while your process is running.
However NSArray's containsObject: methods calls isEqual: on its objects, hence even a dynamically created string such as [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d", 2] would return YES in your sample snippet.
This is because NSString's isEqual: (or more precisely its isEqualToString:) method is implemented to be content aware (vs. comparing pointer identities) and thus returns YES for any pair of strings containing the very same sequence of characters (at time of comparison), no matter how and when they were created.
To check for equal (pointer-)identity you'd have to enumerate your array and compare via
NSString *yourString = @"foo";
BOOL identicalStringFound = NO;
for (NSString *someString in stringArray) {
 if (someString == yourString) {
 identicalStringFound = YES;
(which you most likely wouldn't want, though).
Or in a more convenient fashion:
BOOL identicalStringFound = [stringArray indexOfObjectIdenticalTo:someString]!= NSNotFound;
(you most likely wouldn't want this one either).
Summing up:
So the reason you're getting a positive reply from containsObject: is NOT because literal strings share the same constant instance, BUT because containsObject: by convention calls isEqual:, which is content aware.
You might want to read the (short) documentation for isEqual: from the NSObject protocol.
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containsObject: performs a value check, not a pointer check. It uses the isEqual: method defined by NSObject and overridden by other objects for testing. Therefore, if two strings contain the same sequence of characters, they will be considered the same.
The distinction between pointer testing and value testing is very important in some cases. Constant strings defined in source code are combined by the compiler so that they are the same object. However, strings created dynamically are not the same object. Here is an example program which will demonstrate this:
int main(int argc, char **argv) {
 NSAutoreleasePool *p = [NSAutoreleasePool new];
 NSString *constantString = @"1";
 NSString *constantString2 = @"1";
 NSString *dynamicString = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%i",1];
 NSArray *theArray = [NSArray arrayWithObject:constantString];
 if(constantString == constantString2) NSLog(@"constantString == constantString2");
 else NSLog(@"constantString!= constantString2");
 if(constantString == dynamicString) NSLog(@"constantString == dynamicString");
 else NSLog(@"constantString!= dynamicString");
 if([constantString isEqual:dynamicString]) NSLog(@"[constantString isEqual:dynamicString] == YES");
 else NSLog(@"[constantString isEqual:dynamicString] == NO");
 NSLog(@"theArray contains:\n\tconstantString: %i\n\tconstantString2: %i\n\tdynamicString: %i",
 [theArray containsObject:constantString],
 [theArray containsObject:constantString2],
 [theArray containsObject:dynamicString]);
The output of this program is:
2011-04-27 17:10:54.686 a.out[41699:903] constantString == constantString2
2011-04-27 17:10:54.705 a.out[41699:903] constantString!= dynamicString
2011-04-27 17:10:54.706 a.out[41699:903] [constantString isEqual:dynamicString] == YES
2011-04-27 17:10:54.706 a.out[41699:903] theArray contains:
constantString: 1
constantString2: 1
dynamicString: 1
share|improve this answer
Your Answer


nodetool sethintedhandoffthrottlekb
Sets hinted handoff throttle in kb/sec per delivery thread.
Sets hinted handoff throttle in kb/sec per delivery thread.
nodetool sethintedhandoffthrottlekb
Cassandra tarball installations:
Table 1. Options
Short Long Description
-h --host Hostname or IP address.
-p --port Port number.
-pwf --password-file Password file path.
-pw --password Password.
-u --username Remote JMX agent username.
value_in_kb/sec Throttle time in kilobytes per second.
When a node detects that a node for which it is holding hints has recovered, it begins sending the hints to that node. This setting specifies the maximum sleep interval per delivery thread in kilobytes per second after delivering each hint. The interval shrinks proportionally to the number of nodes in the cluster. For example, if there are two nodes in the cluster, each delivery thread uses the maximum interval; if there are three nodes, each node throttles to half of the maximum interval, because the two nodes are expected to deliver hints simultaneously.
nodetool sethintedhandoffthrottlekb 2048


text:
I was visiting my sister in Baltimore over the weekend when I saw this really cool lighthouse known as the Seven Foot Knoll. Obviously, it is not in use anymore and has been moved to shore to preserve it as a historical sight, but it used to sit out in the water at the mouth of the Patapsco River. When the lighthouse was in use the light keeper and his family had to live inside of it for long periods of time because there wasn't any easy access to land. They would take everything they needed out with them, including livestock and food supplies. For drinking water the lighthouse funneled rainwater from the roof into 2 large cisterns.
The biggest problem with collecting the rainwater from the roof was the lead that was washed into the cistern with it. Salt spray from the ocean caused the lead roof of the lighthouse to corrode so when it rained the lead mixed with fresh rainwater and contaminated the cistern. Lead is highly toxic and is one of the contaminants that you really don't want in your drinking water. To neutralize the lead they added powdered chalk to the collected water. Fortunately, modern filters are far more effective at reducing lead, but in 1902 it was a standard practice for the light keeper and his family to add chalk to the water.


text:
FLA Theory of Change
FLA seeks to develop youth resiliency and leadership to create long-lasting systemic change by empowering and mobilizing youth leaders to advocate for policies that improve their lives and the lives of their peers in the Central Coast.
Build Youth Resiliency and Leadereship
Mobilize Youth Leaders to Build Resilient Communities
Through year-round programming, FLA youth are supported in dissecting community issues affecting their lives. Youth are also given advocacy skills to mobilize and address the social ills affecting the Central Coast. Through these grassroots campaigns, youth become agents of social change.
Leverage Youth Leadership
FLA's unique programming creates a culture of resiliency, accountability, and investment, which is leveraged for a growing effort in long-term organizational sustainability and broader social impact through continued community engagement, mobilization, and advocacy.


text: All human beings experience emotion. However a number of individuals have difficulties recognising, processing and regulating their emotions. This set of emotional "deficits' is classified as alexithymia. The prevalence rate of alexithymia in alcohol use disorders is between 45 and 67%. The objective of this paper is to review the published research on alexithymia and alcohol use, assess the methodological quality of this evidence, and draw the findings together to present a critical update on the relationship between alexithymia and alcohol use disorders. Yet, few research studies have comprehensively investigated alexithymia in alcohol use disorders, and a number of key issues still remain to be addressed in exploring the veracity of the link between alexithymia and alcohol use. For example, limited evidence exists regarding the association between alexithymia, alcohol consumption and severity of alcohol dependence. Furthermore, there is no current knowledge about the predictive utility of alexithymia in relation to more well researched and established psychological drinking constructs. Although alexithymia is often considered a risk factor for the development of alcohol use disorders, there is little evidence to support this notion. Given that alexithymia may have the potential to interfere with treatment outcomes, a better understanding of the role of alexithymia in alcohol use is needed.


text:
The name Nandita comprises of 7 characters and is a Girl's name. The meaning
of this name is happy, and the name rashi or
sign is Virgo. The name nakshatra for Aabhaa is Anuradha Nakshatra. Natives
with the name Nandita has the Numerology Namank or Destiny Number is 3. The Destiny
Number helps you understand your lucky number and how it can alter your life in
a positive manner.
Numerology Namank (Destiny Number):
Nandita's Namank or Destiny Number is 3.
Name Rasi: Virgo*
Name Nakshstra: Anuradha*
Note: *Rasi and Nakshatra are approximate calculated using sounds.


School History
In late 2008, Heather Fish began discussing the idea of founding a new martial arts school within her community of friends and martial artists. The founding members came together to create and support a new community where individual martial artists could not only train together, but actively support each other as they grew as a martial artists and as people.
Polaris Fellowship incorporated as a Michigan Nonprofit in 2009.
Polaris is named for the North Star. This symbolizes that as we study and learn together, we develop the tools which allow us to better find our individual paths. Polaris is deeply rooted in fellowship and the school actively works to build a supportive martial arts community for its members.
The school's symbol, the pole star, was designed by Scott Wilhelm.


Pens (game)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Pens is a card game for two or more players. It is similar to the card game Spoons.
The players sit around a table, and a number of pens (one less than the number of players) are laid with equal spacing in the center of the table, at an equal distance from each of the players. Cards are then removed from the pack such that only one group of four of a kind per player remains. For example, if there were four players, one possible pack would be all the threes (diamonds, clubs, spades, hearts), all the kings, all the jacks and all the eights.
The pack is shuffled, and four cards are dealt to each player. No player may look at another player's cards. The game starts when one player says "1, 2, 3, pass." On 'pass,' each player passes any one of their cards, face down, to the player to their left. This process repeats until somebody has a hand of four cards of the same value, at which point they grab one of the pens in the middle of the table. The other players then do the same. The person left without a pen drops out, and the whole game repeats without that player. This continues until there is only one player remaining. That player wins the game.
If a player grabs a pen despite not having four of a kind, they lose the round. However, feinting is allowed, and if by motioning as if to grab a pen (without actually touching one) a player causes others to grab for the pens, the first to touch one loses the round.
See also[edit]


text:
NWO P14-18 i-CAVE
The I-Cave program strives to integrate automated and cooperative driving while maintaining safety, and including human factors in the design process. In i-CAVE a Cooperative Dual Mode Automated Transport (C-DMAT) system is researched and designed, consisting of dual mode vehicles which can be driven automatically and manually to allow maximum flexibility. The uniqueness of i-CAVE is it advances all enabling technologies that are required for safe, efficient, and effective automated and cooperative driving with dual-mode vehicles, while also addressing important human factor aspects. The central point is project 7 (Living lab/demonstrator). This is the joint real-world demonstrator platform which has a crucial role in the utilization of i-CAVE's research.
I-CAVE takes a unique pragmatic approach, by considering the cooperative and automated dual-mode principle. It is recognized that the ultimate goal is full automation (SAE level 5) but that many societal goals can already be achieved with lower levels of automation. The integrated research lines therefore specially consider vehicle automation technology that can be introduced step-by-step and that allows for seamlessly switching between human-controlled driving and cooperative automated driving, i.e. dual-mode driving, when possible and when wished for.
The program is a collaboration between four Dutch universities, and multiple commercial and municipal parties.
More information on i-Cave can be found on: _URL_


text:
Family Science Investigation - Algae to Ethanol
Alternative fuel sources are a popular area of discussion in the science and engineering communities. Never before has so much money and research been devoted to the development of alternative fuel sources. This class is designed to teach students about the benefits of alternative fuel sources, specifically the area of biofuels. The Algae to Ethanol class offered by the Natural World Investigate Lab will teach students everything they need to know about the processes of growing algae, harvesting it, and extracting ethanol. We will cover the development of algae ethanol from photosynthesis to alcoholic fermentation and give students hands-on experience using density measurement sticks, fractional distillation systems, spectrometers and pipettes.
Family Science Investigations programs offer families an opportunity to participate together in monthly science classes related to Museum research, including topics in ecology, paleontology, geology and biology. These classes are especially useful for homeschoolers looking for additional reinforcement to curriculum goals, or any family group that simply enjoys learning together!
Program Instructor: Bob Alderink and Colin Brammer, Coordinators for Natural World investigate Lab.
For more information contact Debbie Huston, scheduling coordinator, at _PHONE_.


text:
What does breathability mean in a mattress?
Does it count to consider the breathability feature in a mattress?
If these are your question, let us first start with what breathability means. It is the feature that determines how well the air is circulated through the fabric. Therefore, if the mattress is breathable, it will remain cool and satisfying even when sleeping for long hours during hot sunny days. In short, breathability directly impacts your experience regarding health, comfort, and performance as a whole.
In addition, it also controls how many years the mattress will be able to serve you by mitigating wear and tear due to moisture and heat. As a result, enhancing the product's durability and reducing the mattresses vulnerability to an environmental factor.
Check Out: Ways You Can Make Your Mattress Last Longer
How Long Does a Mattress Last in generally?
If the breathability property is top-notch, nothing can hold it back to serve you for at least 7-10 years. However, speaking health and hygiene wise one should replace their mattress every 6 to 8 years.
The life of your mattress will also depend on other factors like how much weight it is carrying, how often you nap on it, the type of mattress you have chosen to install, etc.
Factors Influencing Mattress Lifespan
Like we have discussed, numerous factors determine the lifespan of your mattress. However, to follow a general thumb rule, watch out for the following factors:
The material of which the mattress is made has a substantial impact on how long a mattress last. For example, high-density polyfoam material last longer compared to low-density polyfoam.
2. Mattress Type
- How Long Does A Spring Mattress Last?
The average lifespan of the innerspring mattress is 5 to 6 years. As you shop for the particular mattress, you will find most of them contains pocketed coil allowing all the other coil to work independently. However, mattresses containing traditional coil system works together and counteracts each other's motion. Thus, to determine the durability, there are few points to consider:
- Coil gauge: Mattress containing coil gauge of fourteen or higher are firm while those below are soft. You will be tempted to buy the softer ones, but since they are thin, they have less durability.
- Pillow top: Also, look for pillow top features when determining durability. They add softness to the higher coil gauge.
- Mattress topper: If you purchase a quality mattress topper, it reduces the direct compression, increasing the mattress's lifespan.
- How Long Does A Foam Mattress Last?
A foam mattress usually lasts longer than eight years. However, it may vary depending on the foam it is made of:
- Polyurethane: It is the least expensive mattress you will find; however often compromises on durability. So, before buying, check the density it offers. The higher will be the density, the longer it will last.
- Reflex foam: Their durability is generally higher than the standard foam but is careful of their specification and sagging period.
- Convoluted: Convoluted foam is not well in durability. Though they provide the best kind of support, they are generally short-lived.
- How Long Does A Memory Foam Mattress Last?
The durability of memory foam mattresses is considerably high (6-7 years). However, the body weight you intend to apply and the product's density must be in accordance. If thinking of putting heavy pressure, the density should not be less than five lbs/ft3.
- How Long Does A Latex Mattress Last?
When considering a latex mattress, it lasts for 7 to 8 years. However, it will mainly depend on the blend the product has used in its mattress:
- Natural or synthetic: The product is made from two material types natural and synthetic. Generally, natural are more durable and give higher performance than synthetic ones.
- Replaceable layers: The comfortable layer is added to the mattress to install features like heat transfer, motion isolation, and bounciness. However, it slightly impacts the durability of the product by degrading its quality.
- How Long Does A Coir Mattress Last?
You can expect a coir mattress to last up to 3 to 5 years, after which they tend to sag and disorient. The main reason for this is that it is made from 100% natural coconut fibre, which often becomes vulnerable to environmental factors.
- How Long Does A Hybrid Mattress Last?
Since hybrid mattress is the combination of two or more mattresses, you will have to access the following points to access its durability:
- Density: As said earlier, it is a significant factor determining the product's durability, so it should be enough to carry an average person's weight and higher.
- Warranty: Another way to understand the product's durability is by looking at its warranty period. It should not be less than ten years.
3. Sagging Potential
It is general for the mattress to sag up, especially in areas where you place the heaviest part of your body, like hips and shoulders. This further leads to body pain and dis-alignment if the mattress is not replaced.
Check Out: How To Fix A Saggy Mattress?
4. Body Impressions Potential
Body impressions are a common factor influencing mattress durability. Because of this factor, you can see a semi-permanent print of your body on the mattress generally caused by sleeping in one position.
5. Premature softening potential
Every mattress softens after few regular uses. It is not a problem until it is normal softening. However, when it turns excessively soft, it sags up and affects the comfort and pressure-releasing ability of the bed.
6. Mechanical malfunction potential
This issue is mainly seen in smart beds, airbeds and other mattresses. When this factor gets affected, it impacts manual and remote control, air pumps and outlet connectivity.
7. Mattress Care
Like anything, when you take care of the mattress, it is expected to last longer. One way of increasing longevity is flipping the mattress every six months, given it is two-sided.
8. Mattress Warranty
Warranty offered by companies protect your mattress from early deterioration and saves you from incurring heavy maintenance charges. A standard warranty period extends to 10 years but always try to look for more for better durability.
When to replace a mattress?
Few signs that show it is time to replace your beloved mattress are:
- Other's bed whether at a hotel or a friend's home, seem more comfortable to you
- There is a sense of irritability or achiness when sleeping on your mattress
- Your mattress has gone some sagging and indentations
- The mattress has served you longer than 6-8 years
After gaining the above knowledge, it will be easy to determine the best mattress for yourself. Also, it will save you from developing any pain or disease from sleeping on a bad mattress. However, remember to change it after every six years for best performance.


text:
pcapfix is a repair tool for corrupted pcap files. It checks for an intact pcap global header and repairs it if there are any corrupted bytes. If one is not present, one is created and added to the beginning of the file. It then tries to find pcap packet headers, and checks and repairs them.
Theorem Linker is a program used to visualize references between theorems in a paper written using LaTeX. Using a.tex document (and a.aux file, created by the LaTeX compiler), Theorem Linker will search through a paper, find theorems, and find references to other theorems within a theorem's "proof". It will then create a digraph in a.dot file (to be opened with programs such as Graphviz or OmniGraffle) that will display each theorem as a node, with directed edges to describe the relations between the theorems. A path highlighted in red describes the longest path in the graph. Theorem Linker will also create folders containing graphs to individually show relations of each theorem in a paper.


do this is to set the ForceExecutionResults property value to Failure on the task we want to fail. (This is a great trick to remember whenever you're testing your SSIS packages.)
In this case, I configure the property on the second Data Flow task so it will fail. Now when I run the package, the package will stop at the second Data Flow task, as shown in Figure 2. Notice that the first three tasks ran successfully, as I would have expected, and the Data Flow task has failed.
Figure 2: Running an SSIS package configured to fail
Because the package failed at a task configured to use checkpoints, the XML checkpoint file is retained in the designated folder. If you view the file's content, you should see a set of XML elements and attributes similar to those shown in Figure 3.
Figure 3: Viewing the XML checkpoint file after package failure
Notice first that the file contains a element and embedded within that is a single element. The element describes the number user-defined variable I added to the package when I first created it. One of the elements within the element is , and as you can see, the value has been set to 2, which was the current value when the package failed (after the Script task had sent the value to 2). This confirms that SSIS has properly maintained the variable value.
Next in the XML file, you'll find three elements. Each element corresponds to one of the tasks that ran successfully. (The GUID identifies the executable associated with the XML element.)
Because our SSIS package has been configured to use checkpoints, SSIS will reference the XML file if you rerun the package. SSIS will see that the three tasks ran successfully and start at the next task in the control flow.
However, before rerunning the package, you must address the problem that caused the package failure. In this case, that means reconfiguring the ForceExecutionResults property on the second Data Flow task by setting the property value to None, the default value. Now when you rerun the package, it will use the checkpoint file and start where it left off, as shown in Figure 4.
Figure 4: Rerunning an SSIS package that uses checkpoints
As you can see, the first three control flow components do not run because the checkpoint file shows that they have already run. So the package starts running at the second Data Flow task, the task that had originally failed.
Once the package completes running successfully, SSIS deletes the XML checkpoint file. If you were to rerun the package again, SSIS would start at the beginning.
Implementing Checkpoints
Clearly, checkpoints can be a handy tool if you want to avoid having to rerun components that manage large amounts of data. But you have to be careful not to implement them in ways that result in data not being managed correctly. For example, you should be wary implementing checkpoints on a Foreach Loop container or if you want to process multiple components as a unit. And you shouldn't implement checkpoints unnecessarily. For instance, in our example above, implementing checkpoints on the first Execute SQL task would have provided little benefit. That said, checkpoints can be quite useful when working with large datasets. So consider using them when necessary, but use them wisely.