text:
- Security >
On this page
Authentication is the process of verifying the identity of a client. When access control, i.e. authorization, is enabled, MongoDB requires all clients to authenticate themselves in order to determine their access.
Although authentication and authorization are closely connected, authentication is distinct from authorization. Authentication verifies the identity of a user; authorization determines the verified user's access to resources and operations.
For the mongo shell and the MongoDB tools, you can also authenticate a user by passing in the user authentication information from the command line.
MongoDB supports a number of authentication mechanisms that clients can use to verify their identity. These mechanisms allow MongoDB to integrate into your existing authentication system.
MongoDB supports multiple authentication mechanisms:
Changed in version 3.0: New challenge-response users created in 3.0 will use SCRAM-SHA-1. If using 2.6 user data, MongoDB 3.0 will continue to use MONGODB-CR.
In addition to supporting the aforementioned mechanisms, MongoDB Enterprise also supports the following mechanisms:
In addition to verifying the identity of a client, MongoDB can require members of replica sets and sharded clusters to authenticate their membership to their respective replica set or sharded cluster. See Internal Authentication for more information.
Authentication on Sharded Clusters¶
In sharded clusters, clients generally authenticate directly to the mongos instances. However, some maintenance operations may require authenticating directly to a specific shard. For more information on authentication and sharded clusters, see Sharded Cluster Users.


text:
Under the general direction of the Grand Chief, the Circumpolar Relations Department has been established to monitor and address international and circumpolar issues that may affect the interests of Yukon First Nations peoples. The Circumpolar Relations office also hosts the permanent secretariat for the Arctic Athabaskan Council (AAC) as well as managing the Northern Contaminants Program, the Northern Ecosystem Initiative (NEI) and climate change initiatives.
The Northern Contaminants Program was established in 1991 in response to concerns that contaminants were reaching the Canadian Arctic. During the first six years, research was focused on gathering the data required to determine the levels, geographic extent, and source of contaminants in the northern atmosphere, environment and its peoples. Monitoring in the Yukon has continued to show that our traditional foods are very safe to eat and highly nutritious. Today, the Circumpolar Relations unit continues to communicate results and monitor for new types of contaminants in the Yukon. For more information go to _URL_.
The Northern Ecosystem Initiative (NEI) is a partnership based national program of Environment Canada that supports action on shared priorities important to the conservation, protection and restoration of northern ecosystems and sustainability of northern communities. It has established four Partner-Issue Tables for four of the program priorities, climate change, contaminants, resource use and monitoring as well as an Advisory Committee for the fifth program priority, Capacity Building.
The Circumpolar Relations Unit took the comments given at the CYFN General Assembly in _PHONE_ and began work in the area of climate change. Specific work includes climate change impacts and adaptations as it relates to community health, human-environments and ecosystems, and the promotion of energy efficient technologies and the reduction green house gas emissions.
The Arctic Athabaskan Council continues to serve the CYFN as their Aboriginal representative organization for circumpolar and international affairs. The CYFN Circumpolar Relations' mandate is to ensure Yukon First Nations interests are effectively represented in the Arctic Council and other international environmental fora. For more information go to _URL_.
For more information please contact:

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
What is it about the French language that so prettifies commonplace notions? Devoré fabric refers to velvets that have been dissolved to create transparent patterns. In French, this literally means 'devoured'. More prosaically, in English this fabric is sometimes referred to as 'burnout', which conjures up some rather horrid images.
The process was first created in Europe in the 1920s, and requires velvet that has a blend of cellulose fibre – viscose, cotton, rayon – and a protein-based fibre such as silk. A chemical gel is applied in the desired pattern to the fabric, and the cellulose is dissolved away to leave behind the silk, which appears as a semi-transparent gauze, and thereby creating the pattern.
Devoré was popular during the 1920s unsurprisingly, as it was then invented, and the dresses of the time were so much more inventive with the use of this innovative fabric than the ubiquitous scarves and fringed kimonos of today.


text:
Abstract: The primary objective of this paper was to synthesize a porous calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) with enhanced phosphate recovery property using polyethyleneglycol (PEG) as pore-generation agent. The formation mechanism of porous CSH was proposed. PEG molecules were inserted into the void region of oxygen–silicon tetrahedron chains and the layers of CSH. A steric hindrance layer was generated to prevent the aggregation of solid particles. A porous structure was formed due to the residual space caused by the removal of PEG through incineration. This porous CSH exhibited highly enhanced solubility of Ca2+ and OH− due to the decreased particle size, declined crystalline, and increased specific surface area (SBET) and pore volume. Supersaturation was increased in the wastewater with the enhanced solubility, which was beneficial to the formation of hydroxyapatite (HAP) crystallization. Thus, phosphate can be recovered from wastewater by producing HAP using porous CSH as crystal seed. In addition, the regenerated phosphate-containing products (HAP) can be reused to achieve sustainable utilization of phosphate. The present research could provide an effective approach for the synthesis of porous CSH and the enhancement of phosphate recovery properties for environmental applications.
This is an open access article distributed under the
Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution,
and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Export to BibTeX
MDPI and ACS Style
Guan, W.; Ji, F.; Chen, Q.; Yan, P.; Pei, L. Synthesis and Enhanced Phosphate Recovery Property of Porous Calcium Silicate Hydrate Using Polyethyleneglycol as Pore-Generation Agent. Materials 2013, 6, 2846-2861.
Guan W, Ji F, Chen Q, Yan P, Pei L. Synthesis and Enhanced Phosphate Recovery Property of Porous Calcium Silicate Hydrate Using Polyethyleneglycol as Pore-Generation Agent. Materials. 2013; 6(7):2846-2861.
Guan, Wei; Ji, Fangying; Chen, Qingkong; Yan, Peng; Pei, Ling. 2013. "Synthesis and Enhanced Phosphate Recovery Property of Porous Calcium Silicate Hydrate Using Polyethyleneglycol as Pore-Generation Agent." Materials 6, no. 7: 2846-2861.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Broad L Broad L
Let's have a look at the variations of the broad L sound in Gaelic.
The broad L sound is made by resting your tongue behind your front teeth while pronouncing the letter, and occurs when the L is next to an a, o, or u. The broad L can be heard in latha (a day):
a good day
The broad L can be heard in the middle of a word in balach (a boy):
Finally, the broad L can be heard at the end of words such as ceòl (music), as well:


Archiver > GERMAN-JEWISH > 2002-08 > _PHONE_
From: <>
Subject: [GERMAN-JEWISH] Possibly a Jewish background?
Date: Fri, 30 Aug 2002 15:39:04 -0000
I am searching this out as a possible connection. Not certain however of much of anything other than this guys name.
Ignatz Johann Von Neuhaus was born in early 1800s in Prussia (Westfalia?)
He came to the United States in the mid-1800s and taught German in New York City for a bit. Rumored to be skipping out on a military draft
in Prussia.
The reason I am wondering about a possible Jewish connection-- my great aunt has had people ask her if she is Jewish when they heard her
maiden name (Neuhaus).
Another possible clue is that Ignatius John Neuhaus (Americanized version of the above name) is rumored to have been born out of wedlock
but yet is educated enough to be a teacher.
It's pretty difficult to discern a family history, especially when the child is born out of wedlock. (Just wasn't discussed you know.) I am
looking for any information of families around then as well as patterns in naming children born out of wedlock, etc.
Any help is appreciated,
Joshua Meredith
This thread:


text: The Internet technology encourages electronic commerce between people and/or organizations that are physically distributed in different locations, which makes it difficult to trust each other. The existing work of electronic trades have proposed protocols and mechanisms with mediation by Trusted Third Parties (TTP), on the assumption that the third parties could be trusted without reservation by each party on a trade. Such an assumption, however, is sometimes not applicable to businesses via the Internet where various parties are trading each other, and it is not practical to give infinite trust to the parties regardless of the scale or period of trades. This paper proposes the degree of trust which limits the amount of money or goods that can be sent at one time according to the risk of the parties on trades. Each of risk limits is assumed to be determined through information from credit facilities or by the decision of each party. Then we discuss the feasibility of transactions within given credit limits and propose algorithms to judge the feasibility.


text:
A gathering of leaders from Insight Meditation centers and groups
to cultivate the seed of Insight in the West
The InterSangha meeting began in 2009 as a gathering for leaders from California groups, but quickly expanded to include all of North America in 2010. Now the meeting is organized by the Buddhist Insight Network and regularly attracts 60 or more leaders from several dozen groups.
The overarching purpose is to create community and generate collective wisdom around developing our Insight sanghas and the Insight Meditation Movement as a whole. Through these meetings, we are forming a network of support – a "sangha of sanghas."
Participants have the opportunity to:
- Practice and share dialogue with other leaders in the Insight Meditation Movement
- Learn what other groups around North America, and beyond, are doing
- Share what their own group is doing
- Gain practical tools to serve their communities
- Meet people, make friends, and find inspiration
- Help envision the emerging role of the Insight Community in wider society
InterSangha occurs in a field of generosity. The meeting is offered freely. A volunteer cooking team supplies meals each day, and attendees themselves wash dishes and help clean the center. All of this group effort makes for a stronger sense of community, allowing our work together to unfold beautifully. Please see also the pages for individual meetings:


text: Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is a non-parametric analytical methodology widely used in efficiency measurement of decision making units (DMUs). Conventionally, after identifying the efficient frontier, each DMU is compared to this frontier and classified as efficient or inefficient. This thesis introduces the most productive scale size (MPSS), and antimost productive scale size (AMPSS), and proposes several models to calculate various distances between DMUs and both frontiers. Specifically, the distances considered in this paper include: (1) both the distance to MPSS and the distance to AMPSS, where the former reveals a unit's potential opportunity to become a best performer while the latter reveals its potential risk to become a worst performer, and (2) both the closest distance and the farthest distance to frontiers, which may proved different valuable benchmarking information for units. Subsequently, based on these distances, eight efficiency indices are introduced to rank DMUs. Due to different distances adopted in these indices, the efficiency of units can be evaluated from diverse perspectives with different indices employed. In addition, all units can be fully ranked by these indices.


text:
Computer Engineering Institute, The Technological University of the Mixteca (UTM), Carretera Huajuapan-Acatlima Km. 2.5, Huajuapan de León, 69000 Oaxaca, Mexico
Copyright © 2010 Ricardo Pérez-Aguila. This is an open access article distributed under the
Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
This work is devoted to present a methodology for the computation of Discrete Compactness in -dimensional orthogonal pseudo-polytopes. The proposed procedures take in account compactness' definitions originally presented for the 2D and 3D cases and extend them directly for considering the D case. There are introduced efficient algorithms for computing discrete compactness which are based on an orthogonal polytopes representation scheme known as the Extreme Vertices Model in the -Dimensional Space (D-EVM). It will be shown the potential of the application of Discrete Compactness in higher-dimensional contexts by applying it, through EVM-based algorithms, in the classification of video sequences, associated to the monitoring of a volcano's activity, which are expressed as 4D orthogonal polytopes in the space-color-time geometry.


's area.
Arrange smaller numbers before the key and greater after the key
Given an array of numbers and a Key value. Arrange it in such a way that all the numbers less than a given key should come before the key and all the numbers greater than the key should come after it.
Input: 0, 3, -2, 2, 0, -1, 5
Key: 0
Output: -1, -2, 0, 0, 2, 3, 5
Take the key and search from start of array and count how many numbers are greater than and equal to the key value. Also save the position (index of array) where you have found the key in the array.
In above example loop through and count numbers greater than 0 (key) and also find the first location of the key in array
We found
key position (index) let Y = 0
Number of items greater than equal to the key value let X = 5
Length of array let L
Now we will swap the A[L – X] and A[Y] and now the array becomes
-2, 3, 0, 2, 0, -1, 5
Now take variable i and j, i pointing to A[0] and j pointing to Y+1 (just after first occurrence of key) as shown in figure below.
arrange numbers less than key on left and greater on right
Page 1 of 3123


Difference Between Similar Terms and Objects
Difference Between MP3 and AAC
mp3_logoMP3 vs AAC
MP3 is already a quite well known audio codec that is used mostly in mobile media players, which has now been dubbed as MP3 players, due to the significant reduction in file size it offers. AAC (Advanced Audio Coding) was a later addition to the MP4 standard and presents multiple and substantial improvements to the MP3 standard. Since both are lossy formats, it is therefore understood that they both sacrifice parts of the original audio data in order to come up with a much smaller file size. The key difference is in the quality of the recording after it is encoded with either AAC or MP3.
AAC has corrected a lot of the shortcomings of MP3 when encoding sound files and this has been duly noted both by technical people and casual listeners. The difference is so significant that it is not uncommon for people to equate the sound quality of an MP3 file coded with a specific bit rate with an AAC encoded file with a much lower bit rate. The difference in quality gets more pronounced as you go down to lower bit rates; 128kbps and lower.
The general advantage of the MP3 format is in its popularity. Because it was the first one to be introduced, it has become widely accepted by most software and hardware music players. AAC only gained popularity when Apple adapted it as the default format for its iPod music player and the music files sold in its music store. Before that, most portable music players, like those created by Creative, only supported MP3 files and not AAC. Now, most modern players being produced have added support for AAC and this gap is slowly beginning to close.
When choosing a file format for storing your music files, it is no longer under debate that AAC would be the clear winner. But before you encode your files to AAC, you should first examine if your existing devices are able to work with this format, as low quality is always better than not playable. When looking for a new player, its always better to find one with AAC support even when you have no intention of converting your files to AAC any time soon.
1. MP3 and AAC are both lossy file formats for audio recording
2. AAC is generally better than MP3, more so at lower bitrates
3. The MP3 format has more support, especially in portable devices, compared to AAC
Search DifferenceBetween.net :
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 - Difference Between Audio CD and MP3 CD
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 - So Many Books, So Little Time.
 1. I've done extensive personal testing of AAC, WMA, mp3 and mp3PRO. This is what I've found:
 1. mp3 requires more bits to equal the same quality as the newer codecs: AAC/WMA/mp3PRO.
 A. 4 MB "standard" mp3 (128 kbps, constant-bit-rate) equals..
 B. 3 MB 96 kbps, cbr AAC/WMA/mp3PRO
 In other words, the newer codecs are all roughly 30% better.
 2. Copy Protection.
 The overwhelming reason why mp3 is still popular is because of its LACK of copy protection.
 3. At super-low bit rates, i.e. 32 kbps cbr, AAC and mp3PRO seem to be the best.
 4. Most like original.
 For critical listening, i.e. "audio snobs" like me, I've found that mp3s at 160/192kbps sound the best.. period.. regardless of the AAC/WMA/mp3PRO setting used. It is "warmer" and more faithful to the original WAV file. The newer codecs tend to "lack air" and sound "more metallic". However, the average person can't tell the difference.
 5. Favorite.
 I like mp3PRO the best. It has the best of both worlds: mp3 compatibility AND newer algorithms/smaller file sizes of AAC/WMA.
 6. AAC Popularity.
 The reason AAC is gaining in popularity is solely because of iTunes. In fact, there is a firmware update to the Nintendo Wii that makes it play AACs and dumps mp3 playback.
 1. Difference Between iPod and MP3 | Difference Between | iPod vs MP3
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Pre-Authorization KNOW MORE
Get the agreement nod from the payer for the healthcare service even before the service is performed. Pre-Authorization is a sure way to prevent payment delays, part-payments and denials. An authorization number on the claim form at the time of submitting the claims is the best route to a clean claim.
The key to Pre-Authorization is the obtaining of the correct CPT code which is often a daunting task. So, leave it to us. QWay's trained and highly professional team works on getting the correct CPT by checking with the physician and working out the most possible scenarios. So stop chasing claim payments. PreAuthorization means prompt payments.
Your coders may have done their job, but it will be up to the provider to obtain the necessary authorization. A claim denial or part –payment affects the provider and which is why our focus on getting the Pre-Auth for the procedure is complete and absolute when you outsource it to us. We work with physicians, hospitals, insurance payers and outpatient facilities and ensure the necessary pre-certification requirements are intact to obtain the Pre-Auth.
 A Pre-Auth can prevent:
 - Prevent payment delays and denials.
 - Ensure the patients get the maximum benefit under the policy.
 - Avoid pay and claim.
 - Enable a better financial counselling session with the patient.
 QWay's Pre-Auth service will have you free up time to focus more on patients and less on paper-work.
 frequently asked questions
 - 1. What does pre-authorization mean?
 The healthcare provider obtains permission from the healthcare insurance payer of the patient before performing certain procedures. This is to put forward the fact that those procedures are medically necessary for the patient in question.
 - 2. Does pre-authorization guarantee payment after the procedure is done?
 No! The pre-auth does not mean that the payment will be guaranteed without any delay. But it sure makes the process smoother than the usual one. Most of the providers ensure that the pre-authorization is done to take advantage of faster and hassle-free payments. Here the medical biller must ensure that the billing has been done through the insurance pathway.
 - 3. What documents are needed to get the pre-authorization?
 Several documents pertaining to identity proof of the patient, provider details, and other clinical records to prove the medical necessity are required. Usually, the intricate details depend on the needs of the insurance provider. However, these basic points mentioned above are commonly seen.
 - 4. Why choose QWay for your pre-authorization services?
 QWay makes the complicated process easier by ensuring that each of the forms is submitted accurately. The instances of pre-authorization for even prescription drugs are increasing by 20% every year according to a report of the American Medical Association. So it is advisable to brace yourselves for the future while the time is ripe.
 ISO 9001:2015 & ISO/IEC 27001:2013


text:
Karnataka Revised Pay Fixation Methodology as per GO No.FD 6 SRP 2018
FIXATION OF PAY IN THE REVISED SCALES OF PAY: The initial pay of a Government servant shall be fixed in the corresponding revised scale of pay in the following manner:-
(i) An amount representing 30 percent of the basic pay shall be added to the 'existing emoluments' ;
(ii) After the 'existing emoluments' have been so added and increased, the pay shall be fixed in the corresponding revised scale as hereunder:-
(a) Where the amount computed as above is less than the minimum of the revised scale, it shall be fixed at the minimum;
(b) Where the amount computed as above is not less than the minimum but less than the maximum of the revised scale, the pay shall be fixed in the revised scale at the stage next above that amount; and
(c) Where the amount computed as above is equal to or more than the maximum of the revised scale, the pay shall be fixed at the maximum and the amount equal to the difference between the maximum and the stage of pay in the master scale (mentioned in paragraph 2.3) next above the amount shall be allowed as 'personal pay'.
Note: For this purpose, 'existing emoluments' shall include-
(a) the basic pay as defined in clause (c) of rule 3 of the Karnataka Civil Services (Revised Pay) Rules, 2018;
(b) dearness allowance of 45.25% of basic pay admissible as on 01.07.2017.


text:
Harvested from the gardens at Monticello, the seeds of this common annual represent the species or wild form of French Marigold as it appears naturally in South America. The plants have a uniquely sprawling habit, are four feet in height, and the single yellow flowers bloom through the summer. Jefferson likely grew both African and French Marigolds at Monticello.
French marigolds are the easiest of flowers to grow. Sow the seeds in a well prepared, sunny site after the last spring frost date, and thin or transplant the seedlings so they are two feet apart. The plants will create a dazzling display until the first frost in the fall.
Approximately 20-25 seeds per pack.


text:
A flow with variable fluid mass density represents an optical disturbance, which changes the phase of a transmitted light wave with respect to an undisturbed wave. Before the flow of gas in the puff begins, an interference pattern is obtained and the fringes' positions are determined by the initial phase difference between both beams. As the gas flows in the puff, the mass density of the gas increases, causing an additional phase difference. The time dependent additional phase difference results in time dependent shifting of the fringes and thus changes the intensity picked up by the photodiode. When a steady state flow is reached the mass density is everywhere constant in time and the fringes cease to shift (Fig 1).
Fig. 1: Interferometry measurement (blue line) taken at the center of the triple gas-puff with all three valve
plena open to air at atmospheric pressure. The green line indicates the signal sent by a piezoelectric detector
placed on a Delrin extender to measure the mechanical noise created by the valve operation.
Modified on: 2010-02-23


Trade-Volatility Relationship in the light of Nigeria and the Euro Area.
Source: JAES
In this study, the impact of exchange rate volatility on Nigerian exports to Eurozone countries is investigated. Monthly export data from January 1999 to December 2016 was used. This study utilizes the bounds test approach to cointegration to analyze how exchange rate volatility exerts influence on Nigeria's export to the Euro Area. GARCH (1, 1) is employed to measure the volatility of the Naira/dollar exchange rate. In the considered model, Nigeria's export to the Euro Area is taken as the dependent variable, whilst the independent variables include income of the Euro Area, price and the volatility measure Given that the variables are a combination of I (1) upper bound and I (0),(lower bound the bounds test is used to test for cointegration. After confirming the existence of cointegration, the short-run and long-run coefficients are estimated. The shortrun result shows that price and volatility have negative and positive lagged effects on Nigeria's export, respectively. In the long run, coefficients of price and volatility are significantly positive. The income of the Euro Area has no significant impact on Nigeria's exports in both the short and long run. The study recommends that Government subsidies and a floating exchange rate system are implemented
Journal of Applied Economic Sciences
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text:
Background: Affective disorders present an important clinical challenge in multiple sclerosis (MS). Due to prohibitive sample size requirements, population-based studies have not yet provided an adequate description of the underlying epidemiology of this association.
Objective: To describe the epidemiology of affective disorders in MS in a general population sample.
Methods: The study presented here accessed administrative data from a universal healthcare insurance plan in the Canadian province of Alberta. Physician billing data recorded in the Alberta Health Care Insurance Plan was used to identify members of the population ≥15 years of age with and without MS. Crude and stratified estimates of the association between affective disorders and MS were made. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate statistical interactions and to provide adjusted estimates of the association.
Results: The estimated prevalence of MS in the population within the targeted age range (2.3 million individuals) was 386/100,000 and that of affective disorders was 7.7%. As expected, an association between MS and affective disorders was identified (crude relative prevalence: 2.2). The association varied in strength over age-sex categories. Although the prevalence of affective disorder was higher in women with MS than men with MS, the association of MS with affective disorders was stronger in men. The strength of association declined with age in both men and women. Affective disorder prevalence in people with MS becomes similar to that of the general population in older age groups.
Conclusion: Affective disorders occur with an increased frequency in MS. This is true in men and women and across all relevant age groups, although the association gets weaker with advancing age. Higher frequencies of affective disorder occur in women with MS than in men with MS. The frequency of affective disorder in people with MS is highest in the 25–44 age group, and declines in older age categories.


text:
intagg module provides an integer aggregator and an enumerator.
intagg is now obsolete, because there are built-in functions that provide a superset of its capabilities. However, the module is still provided as a compatibility wrapper around the built-in functions.
The aggregator is an aggregate function
int_array_aggregate(integer) that produces an integer array containing exactly the integers it is fed. This is a wrapper around
array_agg, which does the same thing for any array type.
The enumerator is a function
int_array_enum(integer) that returns
setof integer. It is essentially the reverse operation of the aggregator: given an array of integers, expand it into a set of rows. This is a wrapper around
unnest, which does the same thing for any array type.
Many database systems have the notion of a one to many table. Such a table usually sits between two indexed tables, for example:
CREATE TABLE left (id INT PRIMARY KEY,...); CREATE TABLE right (id INT PRIMARY KEY,...); CREATE TABLE one_to_many(left INT REFERENCES left, right INT REFERENCES right);
It is typically used like this:
SELECT right.* from right JOIN one_to_many ON (right.id = one_to_many.right) WHERE one_to_many.left =
This will return all the items in the right hand table for an entry in the left hand table. This is a very common construct in SQL.
Now, this methodology can be cumbersome with a very large number of entries in the
one_to_many table. Often, a join like this would result in an index scan and a fetch for each right hand entry in the table for a particular left hand entry. If you have a very dynamic system, there is not much you can do. However, if you have some data which is fairly static, you can create a summary table with the aggregator.
CREATE TABLE summary AS SELECT left, int_array_aggregate(right) AS right FROM one_to_many GROUP BY left;
This will create a table with one row per left item, and an array of right items. Now this is pretty useless without some way of using the array; that's why there is an array enumerator. You can do
SELECT left, int_array_enum(right) FROM summary WHERE left =
The above query using
int_array_enum produces the same results as
SELECT left, right FROM one_to_many WHERE left =
The difference is that the query against the summary table has to get only one row from the table, whereas the direct query against
one_to_many must index scan and fetch a row for each entry.
On one system, an
EXPLAIN showed a query with a cost of 8488 was reduced to a cost of 329. The original query was a join involving the
one_to_many table, which was replaced by:
SELECT right, count(right) FROM ( SELECT left, int_array_enum(right) AS right FROM summary JOIN (SELECT left FROM left_table WHERE left =
item) AS lefts ON (summary.left = lefts.left) ) AS list GROUP BY right ORDER BY count DESC;
If you see anything in the documentation that is not correct, does not match your experience with the particular feature or requires further clarification, please use this form to report a documentation issue.


100% Vegan Fashion Verified by AMSlab and PETA
Vegan fashionVegan fashion is revolutionizing the way you are shopping and dressing. As more and more people join this new trend, (which more than a trend is a way of life), the industry is transforming to satisfy the demand of these consumers.
The products that make up the vegan fashion are all those that do not contain leather, skin, wool, exotic skins or any other tissue derived from animals.
AMSlab in collaboration with the organization PETA, has developed a control methodology to verify the absence of products of animal origin in clothing, footwear and accessories under the vegan standard. It is the "Vegan Product" seal, which allows consumers to quickly identify this type of item.
Betting on the concept of animal welfare, AMSlab offers the AMSvegan test kit, which allows fashion brands to identify on the label that a product is vegan, increasing its value and recognition by ensuring that it uses materials that are respectful with animals. At the same time, they will be protecting the end user, helping him to find vegan products effectively so they can make purchases that fit their values.
Today, AMSlab has positioned itself as one of the market leaders in the quality control sector with a high degree of specialization in matrices or high complexity components, for which they develop innovative methods that increase the specificity and quantification capacity of any compound, such as, for example, the 3 technologies with which they ensure the absence of any animal product:
1. Fiber test: verifying the absence of animal fiber through a specifically developed chemical analysis.
2. Test of materials: Through spectroscopy identify the absence of polymeric materials and synthetic leather, components of animal origin.
3. Chemical test: examining the absence of glues and adhesives of animal origin through chemical analysis tests.
Links of interest:
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text:
Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is one of the most widely consumed dietary supplements worldwide. Its anticancer potential has been demonstrated in various studies. However, ginger roots obtained from different geographical locations showed extensive variability in their activities, mainly due to differences in the levels of bioactive compounds. Here we evaluated the effect of these differences on the anticancer activity of ginger by performing efficacy-based fingerprinting. We characterized the fingerprint profiles of 22 ginger samples using liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy, followed by a principal component analysis (PCA) and pearson correlation analysis. We also evaluated the anti-proliferative effects (IC50) of these samples on triple-negative breast cancer cells using the MTT assays. The supervised PCA identified a subset of analytes whose abundance strongly associated with the IC50 values of the ginger extracts, providing a link between ginger extract composition and in vitro anticancer efficacy. This study demonstrated that variation in the ginger fingerprint profiles resulting from differences in their chemical composition could have a significant impact on efficacy and bioactivity of ginger extracts. Also, this first-of-a-kind efficacy-based fingerprinting approach proposed here can identify potent anticancer candidates from the ginger fingerprint without the need for isolating individual components from the extracts.
Scopus Subject Areas


text:
Kalimantan, Borneo, Indonesia
[mamapas pali] depicting a hornbill soul ship
26.0 (h) x 171.0 (w) x 5.0 (d) cm
National Museum of Ethnology, Leiden
The ship is an ancient recurring image in Southeast Asian art. A powerful symbol of transition, especially from this world to the afterlife, it appears on grave goods and trade items from the Bronze Age until modern times. The earliest coffins discovered across Southeast Asia are boat-shaped. Ships are still found on textiles, mats, sculptures and paintings that symbolise and celebrate the most important transition in a person's life, the journey of the soul to the realm of the ancestors.
In its most overt form, the boat depicts the vehicle in which the spirit of the deceased travels to the other world. Ship imagery is also displayed at other ceremonies of the lifecycle when an individual moves from one social or spiritual state to another, including initiations into adulthood such as tooth-filing, and at weddings.


Bee Patrol Bee Movie Coloring Pages
Every culture needs police. These are the 'bee cops'. Bee Movie is part of a group of free printables that are movie characters. This group of characters are a part of a more modern story about having a goal to return honey to the bee community. These can be colored in a variety colors. What stories can Barry B Benson tell us? Why did he leave the hive? Perhaps you can ask your students or homeschoolers make a comic book or movie story board with their decorated pages. Download these free printable coloring pages for your children or students today.
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How Many Wives Did Moses of the Bible Have?
While it is commonly believed moses of the Holy Bible had two wives, that is untrue. Moses was married to one woman, Zipporah. The other woman often mistaken for a wife was an Ethiopian woman, that is actually Zipporah. He was married once and that was the first and last marriage.
Q&A Related to "How Many Wives Did Moses of the Bible Have?"
Moses was a Hebrew prophet who received the 10 Commandments. He led the Hebrew people when they left Egypt. He is a leader with a dramatic story in the bible.
Two. Zipporah (Exodus 2:21) and a Cushite woman (Numbers 12:1)
1. Look up Proverbs 31: 9-31. Here you'll find a series of statements about what makes good wives, but this can also work as expressing virtues about mothers. Choose your favorite
God then starts to speak directly to Moses. He tells Moses that He has heard the cries of
Explore this Topic
According to Exodus 2:21 and Numbers 12:1 in the Bible, Moses had two wives. However, there is debate about the wife from Exodus 2:21, Zipporah, is the same as...
From the bible it is clearly stated that King Ahab had only on wife whose name was Jezebel. After his father death King Ahab and his brother Jeroboam divided the...
The answer to the quiz above is none but instead Noah did take two pairs of each animal on to the ark. According to the Bible, Moses was a religious leader, prophet...


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This Crayola Glow Board is a really unique toy. Are you looking for simple instructions on how the glow board works? Here's a neat video from Crayola. As you can see it lets kids create artwork on the drawing surface of the glow board.
It comes with six neon markers with special ink that allow the drawing to glow in the dark. Kids just wipe the surface with a damp paper towel and rewrite over and over again on the surface. There are so many Crayola products that its actually quite confusing as to which product is which. This particular toy is the Crayola Color Explosion Glow Board!
Crayola Glow Board Has These Neat Features
- The board has two see through drawing surfaces.
- Once kids are finished their drawing the surface lights inside the glow board can be turned on. The ink will glow sort of like a neon light.
- The glow board light can flash between the two layers, creating animated art and a 3D effect.
- The markers provided are blue, red,green, pink and orange and have medium tips for more control over the pens.
- It's recommended for children over the age of six but some parents mention that their three year old is having fun playing with it.
- It takes three "triple A" batteries to work.
- It comes with the built in easel on the back so a child can stand it up to display their "work of art"!
- There are slots to store the markers.
- Keep kids entertained while traveling. When it gets dark out they can still see their glow board.
- It really stimulates kids' imagination.
- Wipe off screen and kids can draw over and over again.
- Very kid friendly website at Crayola.com. They have a neat little [tags]crayola-glow-board[/tags]program where kids can make their own two frame drawing. They can print them out and trace them on the Glow Board.
- One lady mentioned that all her kids age 3 and 11 year were having fun with this. So obviously it looks like it's good fun for a wide age range of kids.
- Drawing surface scratches very easily.
- It's sometimes hard for kids to see what they're drawing because the markers don't show up well unless the scene is lit up with the light.
- Some reports of markers being very dry, small in size and not lasting long.
The Crayola site mentions that it's really important to ONLY use a damp paper towel to wipe the board off. One lady mentioned that she ended up scratching her board by scrubbing a soft tissue to get the design off. Also baby wipes will leave a residue. So even when you are traveling with the board bring some damp paper towels in a zip lock bag to wipe it. Any alternative to that will scratch the board or not clean it well.
It might be a good idea to get some back up markers as well because a lot of parents say they don't last.The directions warn you that the markers dry out much faster than regular markers if you leave the caps off. They also recommend storing them in a Ziploc bag.
The Crayola Glow Board has some fans! The majority of parents say its super fun for their kids and a very unique toy. Overall most parents mentioned that they are satisfied with it and were willing to overlook the negative points. Not only is it fun, but it encourages artistic creativity. It offers a different dimension to their art and the glow effect is very cool. Hey guess what?? Now your kids can have creative fun with bath bubbles! Here's a Bath Blizzard review!


Meat Grinders
How to Use Meat Grinder
how to use meat grinder
It is easy to use the best meat grinder; assemble the grinder, place your meat on the plate, feed it down the hopper and then turn on the grinder. You then choose the speed you want the meat to be ground at, for KitchenAid, 6 to 8 is an ideal speed. You will be collecting your ground meat within no time. However, there are a few other things that are equally important. Here are some vital tips on:
How to Use Meat Grinder:
1. Keep Everything Cold
Keep everything cold
This is one very important consideration. Warm meat is bad for your grinder as it will smear, the fats leak out as well as have a cooked, pulpy and dry texture. To avoid this, ensure that your grinder spends an hour in the freezer before using it. Let you meat be well chilled up to the minute you start to grind it. For sausage meat which entails several grinds, place the ground meat into a bowl that is placed in another ice-filled bowl. This is to keep it well chilled.
2. Trim Your Meat
trim your meat
Smearing happens when the blade gets into contact with sinew thus making the blade become dull. The blade smooshes meat through the holes instead of cutting it. This results in a chewed up texture thus is in no way appealing. Therefore, trim your meat well
3. Look Out For Smearing
Smearing is visible and can, therefore, see it and correct it. Pieces of meat usually pass through the holes on the plate. In case you see both meat and fat coming out in one batch and often look wet and sticks on to the die surface, know that all is not well. Use the "reverse" function to fix the grinder if your grinder has one. Alternatively, disassemble the grinder, clean the blade and restart it.
4. Maintain a Sharp Blade
Maintaince sharp balde
The blade is one part that needs your attention. You shouldn't let it become dull as it will smear meat. However, you should know that most blades get better with repeated use. This is because of the microscopically grinding down of the metal thus making the contact between the plate and the blade tighter after every use. In case your blades become dull, sharpening them maybe once a year would be ideal to keep them in top-notch. You can as well opt to replace the blades once in a while.
5. Large To Small Plate
In case you need the very fine grind for your sausages, grinding the meat twice is the way to go. Start with the ¼-inch plate, chill the meat again and then grind it using the smaller die. This will not only produce finer pieces of meat but also avoid smearing. The more even grind will result in a fine-textured sausage.
6. Salt Meat before Grinding
salt meat before grinding
Salt dissolves some proteins and enables them to cross-link easier into a tight matrix resulting in the springier texture common in sausages.
Now you know that the best meat grinder doesn't always give you the best ground quality just like that. You need to take great care so that you don't compromise on the texture and quality of the ground meat.
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Functional Modelling of Systems with Multiple Operation Modes: Case Study on an Active Spoiler System 06-14-03-0014
This also appears in
SAE International Journal of Passenger Cars - Mechanical Systems-V130-6EJ
This article presents the application of the Enhanced Sequence Diagram (ESD) for the analysis of the functionality of a system with shape-changing aspects in the context of its multiple operational modes, considering an active rear spoiler as a case study. The article provides new insights on the ESD support for model-based capture and articulation of functional requirements across multiple operation modes of the same system, with appropriate detail on attributes and metrics, and the alignment of these attributes and metrics in line with the concept of time through scope lines. The article also provides a comprehensive argument and discussion, exemplified based on the case study, for the support that the ESD provides for early systems functional and architecture analysis, within the context of a broader model-based Failure Mode Analysis methodology.


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2nd January 1920
RIC enrolls first British Recruits
As the War of Independence escalated, the Royal Irish Constabulary was becoming more and more overstretched. In December 1919, the government began to recruit ex-servicemen from Britain to bolster the police force in Ireland. These servicemen became known as the Black and Tans - due to the mixed colours of their uniforms. In July, they were joined by the Auxiliary Division, composed of ex-officers from the war.
The Black and Tans and Auxiliaries became notorious for their lack of discipline and reckless behaviour throughout their time in Ireland.
War of Independence, Military & Policing
'The New RIC'- RIC Christmas card with the RIC, Black and Tans, Auxiliaries and Station Defence.
Police Museum, Belfast


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Algorithm for Reconstruction of Neurite Outgrowth Images
central nervous system has long been suggested as a system of the body
that might be particularly sensitive to the passage of highly ionizing
particles found in the galactic cosmic rays. To assess the neurotoxicity
of high-energy iron particles, we used an in vitro model in which neuronal
differentiation and neurite extension occur under controlled conditions.
The model uses chick embryo explants to study the effects of iron ions
The imaging problem is to observe the neurite outgrowth regenerated
from an explant, and to quantify the extent of growth. We have developed
an algorithm to reconstruct the neurite outgrowth which has automated
the quantification process.
In this talk we describe our algorithm, discuss the quantification measures
we obtain, and present preliminary results from our image analysis.


text:
Definitions of rock:
- noun: pitching dangerously to one side
- noun: a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter
Example: "He threw a rock at me"
- noun: (figurative) someone who is strong and stable and dependable
Example: "He was her rock during the crisis"
- noun: United States gynecologist and devout Catholic who conducted the first clinical trials of the oral contraceptive pill (_PHONE_)
- noun: material consisting of the aggregate of minerals like those making up the Earth's crust
Example: "That mountain is solid rock"
- noun: hard stick bright-colored stick candy typically peppermint flavored
- noun: a genre of popular music originating in the 1950s; a blend of Black rhythm-and-blues with White country-and-western
Example: "Rock is a generic term for the range of styles that evolved out of rock'n'roll."
- verb: move back and forth or sideways
Example: "The ship was rocking"
- verb: cause to move back and forth
Example: "Rock the cradle"
- name: A surname (common: 1 in 12500 families; popularity rank in the U.S.: #1662)
Search for rock at other dictionaries: OneLook, Answers.com, Merriam-Webster
Help, Feedback, Customize, Android app, iPhone/iPad app
Copyright © 2013 Datamuse


Brain injury turns Italian man into Frenchman with poor language skills
Article content
A brain injury has turned an Italian man French, even though he doesn't speak the language very well.
Scientists from the University of Edinburgh and the Somma Lombardo Hospital in Italy, detailed the man's odd condition in the medical journal Cortex.
The man, who is 50 and described only by his initials, JC, had a brain injury stemming from an arterial anomaly four years ago. Abruptly afterwards, he began to talk in French. He only reads French magazines, enjoys French movies and eats French food.
The researchers said JC's previous history with French amounted to high school language classes and a "fling" with a French woman while the man was in his 20s. This was the first time he had used the language in 30 years.
Despite his newfound desire to speak French -- what the scientists call a "compulsive foreign language syndrome" -- JC still can't speak it very well.
But what he lacks in accuracy, he makes up for in "exaggerated intonation," the scientists say.
And he doesn't let it get him down: "unjustified euphoria," they call it -- even offering to teach his neighbours how to speak French.
"When a trauma to the brain occurs -- due to a car accident or a stroke, tumour, or other causes -- some parts of the network may be spared while some others temporarily or irreversibly damaged," Regina Jokel, a speech-language pathologist told ABC News in 2010, after studying a Croatian teen who began speaking German.
Article content
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I see the terms "declaration," "prototype" and "symbol" thrown around interchangeably a lot when it comes to code like the following:
void MyUndefinedFunction();
The same goes for "definition" and "implementation" for things like this:
void MyClass::MyMethod()
 // Actual code here.
Are there any distinctions between the terms, or are they truly synonymous?
EDIT: I'm unsure whether or not this belongs on Stack Overflow...
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2 Answers 2
up vote 3 down vote accepted
In C, they are different.
A "symbol" is the name of a variable, constant, or function, e.g. i, sqrt, or value.
A "declaration" indicates that the given variable, constant, or function exists, and tells its type, e.g.
const int i;
double sqrt();
float value;
A "prototype" provides information about the arguments to a function as well as its return type, e.g.
double sqrt(double value);
share|improve this answer
Another term for "prototype" in this context is a method signature. – Mike Rosenblum May 2 '11 at 2:05
Declarations are simply the act of declaring a variable into existence. The definition is what a variable is holding, or the code that a function will execute.
void MyUndefinedFunction(); is a prototype because it's not being defined to do anything (it is being declared). Implementing a variable or function would be the act of using it, or implementing it into your code, to accomplish a task.
void MyFunction(); // The function prototype
void MyFunctoin() {
// The code to be executed by MyFunction() (the definition)
if (something happens) {
MyFunction() // The implementation of the function into your program
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Your Answer


text:
Kew Field - the start of Kew Gardens
Kew Field - the origins of the estate at Kew - was once a single
large strip-farmed field that began to change gradually, from around
1600 into the more regular enclosed fields shown on the 1730s map
of the St André estate. Prior to this, between 1500 and 1550,
the house of Kew Park had been built into Kew Field's northeast
corner and its estate extended from there.
The Kew Park estate changed hands several times through the 16th
century, settling with Sir Richard Bennett in the first half of
the 17th century. His daughter, Dorothy Bennett, inherited the estate.
She married Sir Henry Capel, and it was the Capel family who developed
the first famous gardens in Kew Park.
The Capels lived at Kew Park (later calling it the White House)
during the latter half of the 17th century. The 1730 map shows the
house and gardens occupying a small area south of the Dutch House.
The design was of small walled gardens and formal courtyards flanking
the house, with the land outside used for agriculture. The map also
shows that the Capel estate (by now named St André due to
Elizabeth Capel's remarriage) extended south for about two
thirds of the length of today's gardens.
Records of the time declare that Sir Henry Capel and "the
whole Capel family were famously devoted to gardening... it was
close to an obsession". The gardens were widely admired,
especially for their greenhouses, trees and exotic plants.
The diarist and author John Evelyn (_PHONE_) was also a keen
botanist and landscape designer. A regular visitor to Kew Park,
he noted in 1678, "Hence I went to my worthy friend Sir
Henry Capel... his garden certainly has the choicest fruit of any
plantation in England, as he is the most industrious and understanding
in it". In 1683 he commented on the "cupola
made with pole work between two elms at the end of a walk, which
being covered by plashing the trees to them... very pretty".
In 1688 Evelyn recorded that Capel's "orangerie
and myretum are most beautiful and perfectly well kept. He is contriving
very high palisadoes of reedes to shade his oranges during the summer
and painting those reedes in oil".
Back to: 16th
& 17th Centuries: Royal Influences


Your question: Did yoga originate in Africa?
It is a little-known fact that Yoga first began in Africa, specifically Kemet (ancient Egypt). … According to the book The Metu Neter by Ra UN Nefer Amen, these ancient Africans migrated to India and became what are now known as the Dravidian Indians.
Did Yoga originated in Africa or India?
The popular understanding is that yoga asana dates back at least 5,000 years and was practiced by ancient Indian ascetics. But some say its earliest documentation is actually 10,000 years ago, depicted on temple walls in Egypt.
Where did yoga originated from?
Is yoga an Egyptian?
Kemetic yoga originated in ancient Egypt, then known as "Kemet". Its modern day practice was developed by claiming association with many hieroglyphic texts from the time as well as the wall carvings and paintings on Egyptian temples which portray pharaohs in stretching postures.
IT IS INTERESTING: How many poses are in a yoga sequence?
When was yoga really invented?
How old is the practice of yoga?
Researchers and historians trace the development of yoga back 5,000 years. Some take yoga origins even further back to 10,000 years. Now that's ancient! But because the philosophies and practice of yoga were originally transmitted orally, some mysteries may always remain.
What is Smai Tawi?
Who is known as father of yoga?
Is yoga older than Hinduism?
Who is founder of yoga?
International Yoga Day: The Adi Yogi Shiva is the founder of Yoga. Yoga was developed by the Indus-Sarasvati civilization in Northern India over 5,000 years ago. The word Yoga was first mentioned in the oldest sacred texts, the Rig Veda.
IT IS INTERESTING: What happens if you do 10000 push ups?
Why was ancient Egypt called Kemet?
How long does it take to reach Samadhi?
Samadhi is a painful experience to begin with because you are awarded an extra dimensional layer of spirit. During the initial phase your nerves gets charged from the heavens and it can be disruptive. This process alone takes 4 and a half years to complete.
Is yoga a Hindu or Buddhist?
What happens to your body if you do yoga everyday?
If you do yoga every day, you will get stronger
"You will become stronger and physically fit because you use your body weight to strengthen all your major muscle groups," she explained to The List. "It takes great strength to build up to certain poses that require coordination, poise, and power."
Can Christians do yoga?
This is the beauty of the modern yoga practice – it helps us unite the different parts of ourselves (body, mind, heart, and spirit) and from this place of integrated wholeness, be one with God. … Nevertheless, there are people who will say Christians should not participate in any sort of yoga because of its roots.
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Rydberg blockade is a phenomena in 3 or more level systems of Rydberg dressed atoms.
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The wikipedia artilce on Rydberg atoms cites several papers from 2007 and 2008 that have "Rydberg blockage" in their titles. – dmckee Mar 9 '13 at 16:35
1 Answer 1
up vote 2 down vote accepted
In zero electric field, the interactions energy between two Rydberg atoms is $U=C_6 r^{-6}$. If the Rydberg transition is driven with an (effective) Rabi frequency $\Omega$, then the blockade radius is $$R_b = \left( \frac{\hbar\Omega}{C_6} \right)^{-1/6}$$ If one atom is excited to the Rydberg state, a second atom will be detuned by just enough to prevent a complete transition.
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text:
What is IBMC?
____ Each year Turner Fenton Secondary School hosts the International Baccalaureate Mentorship Conference (IBMC) to help ease the transition for grade nine students from their middle school in to the Middle Years Program (MYP). The International Baccalaureate Mentorship Conference is a one day conference that provides the opportunity to interact with other students in the, Middle Years and Diploma program.
We look forward to seeing you at the 2013 International Baccalaureate Mentorship Conference on September 14th for a fun-filled and informative day!
The conference aims to help new students gain a better understanding of the years they face ahead in the IB program. It provides students with the background, knowledge, and skills necessary to excel throughout the four years of the IB program. IBMC helps nurture a foundation for the new students to become well-rounded individuals that excel academically and contribute to the school community.
At IBMC, grade nine students will become delegates and take part in team-building activities that foster confidence and collaboration amongst their peers. Throughout the conference, delegates enjoy several fun-filled entertaining activities that give them an unforgettable experience. Their day also includes teacher-led lessons that clarify the philosophy component and requirements of the IB program; such as the Learner Profile, Areas of Interaction and a Personal Project. The three hundred delegates that participate in IBMC are given the opportunity to have fun, make new friends and gain essential skills for the years ahead.
The idea for the conference came from 3 grade 12 IB students who wanted to foster the relationships among the older grade 11 and 12 IB students and the incoming grade 9 MYP students. Today this conference is organized by 30 IB student volunteers in 10 months of planning. The, delegates gain insight and understanding about the IB program from both teachers, and students enriched with experiences of the IB program.


text:
In the present study, a novel computational scheme for the assessment of the activation polarization of LSM/YSZ composite cathodes is proposed. The scheme consists of modeling techniques of three-dimensional microstructures and an evaluation method of electrochemical characteristics. Two modeling techniques of microstructures are employed, i.e. the stochastic reconstruction (SR) method and the random packing model (RPM). In the SR method, the 3-D structure is reconstructed statistically from the two-point correlation function of the cross-sectional image of SEM-EDX. In RPM, on the other hand, spherical LSM and YSZ particles are randomly packed in the computational domain. This model is mainly used for the parametric survey, because control parameters used in the model have good correspondence to the parameters used in the actual cell manufacturing process. The lattice Boltzmann method coupled with the Butler-Volmer equation is employed for the detailed assessment of the electrochemical characteristics inside the constructed 3-D cathode microstructures. The oxygen diffusion and the electronic and ionic conductions are calculated simultaneously, and coupled with the charge transfer at the three-phase boundary (TPB) using the Butler-Volmer equation. As a result, potential, polarization and current density distributions are fully investigated. The results from the SR method reveal that the cathode sintered at 1150 °C shows the smaller overpotential than the cathodes sintered at 1200 and 1250 °C. The RPM results show that particle diameter and its standard deviation as well as volume fraction of species have large effects on the cathode performance.
- Nanotechnology Institute
Numerical Simulation of Electrochemical Reaction in Reconstructed Three-Dimensional LSM/YSZ Composite Cathode
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Nakagawa, T, Shikazono, N, & Kasagi, N. "Numerical Simulation of Electrochemical Reaction in Reconstructed Three-Dimensional LSM/YSZ Composite Cathode." Proceedings of the ASME 2008 6th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASME 2008 6th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. Denver, Colorado, USA. June 16–18, 2008. pp. 123-131. ASME. _URL_
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text:
|Breast Cancer Screening for First Nations in Manitoba (Canada)|
Improving equitable access to Breast Cancer Screening for First Nations in Manitoba (Canada)
Imagine you are a woman living in the Canadian province of Manitoba as part of the First Nations indigenous population. Living in the rural North you have to travel long distances to access medical services. The costs for traveling in the North are very high. There are known benefits to screening for breast cancer. However, given your socio-economic barriers, how and when could you find the time to get screened for breast cancer?
What's the issue? Breast cancer in a Canadian First Nations Population
Within Manitoba there is a significant population of indigenous people in the northern part of the province. In 1996, 128,910 Aboriginal people lived in Manitoba, accounting for 11.7% of Manitoba's total population. The Aboriginal proportion of the population has been increasing rapidly over the past 20 years.1 Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among Manitoba women and the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths among women. From 1995 to 2004, the incidence of cancer among First Nations women doubled, from 178/100,000 to 391/100,000. During the same time, the incidence of cancer among non-First Nations women increased by just 1.5%.2
Research to Practice: Making Breast Cancer Screening Mobile
Manitoba has a publicly funded Breast Screening program which operates in four cities and towns. Breast cancer screening with a mammogram, a specialized x-ray of the breasts, is a way of detecting cancer. Access to breast cancer screening plays a major role in the timely detection and treatment of cancers in women. Monitoring breast screening participation rates showed the inequities for northern and rural women and the mobile program was introduced to address the disparities.
Ensuring Canada's First Nations have access to breast cancer screening, specifically the "geographically isolated" Manitoban Aboriginal women, and adapting it to cultural context is an example of how investment in research for health can be beneficial in promoting health equity with regards to gender, ethnicity, and socio-economic status. Mobile screening units have been created to reach women who live outside of the four cities and towns housing the screening program. To date, mobile screening programs operate in over 80 rural and northern communities every year and in 10 Winnipeg city locations.
The breast screening program works with First Nation communities to address cultural issues. The program developed posters that include aboriginal women and invitation letters are translated when needed. The local health workers arrange the appointments as some women don't have phones. The clinics are advertised over the local community radio station and the local health workers often visit women to explain the program.
This example makes clear that to achieve health equity, access to the products of research, such as cancer screening technologies, need to consider the social determinants of health. Outreach initiatives should be culturally appropriate, as shown in the example of the Aboriginal Cancer Strategy.3 The guiding principles include a physical, mental, emotional and spiritual approach to health in conjunction with a grass-roots approach that gives voice to the community.
What next: Improving Access to Breast Cancer Screening by Promoting Innovation
Despite the universal screening program, access remains a challenge. For example, mobile units have rigid schedules making it difficult to switch dates when bad winter weather or equipment failure interrupt schedules and it is not always possible to accommodate changes. The mobile unit may not return for another year or two, leading to wide variability in the use of mammograms among eligible Manitoba women. In the two year period from April 1, 2003 to March 31, 2004, just 60% of women aged 50 to 69 years had a mammogram. Women in the rural south were most likely (63%), and women in the north were least likely (53%), to have had a mammogram. In fact, all Regional Health Authorities in the rural south had higher participation rates in mammography than did Winnipeg (59%).4
These differences in breast screening participation can be related to income, jobs, children, high travel expenses and long travel times due to an inadequate infrastructure that make it difficult for northern women to travel, especially from isolated communities in the North. Thus, even reaching a mobile screening unit is perceived as an obstacle for some women. Also, competing socio-economic health issues and immediate needs such as daily bread and shelter are often considered more important. In addition, some women have family members affected by breast cancer. Such bias sometimes results in increased likelihood towards cancer screening, but sometimes also in aversion due to fear.
It is in the hands of the community health workers to raise awareness. The challenge for research is to find ways to expand equitable access to breast cancer screening for all under-screened indigenous women. This can be achieved by enhancing the favorable balance between the benefits and risks of screening and by finding ways to make the units more mobile and flexible. Looking into the future, new technologies such as more compact digitalized mammography or blood testing for cancerous cells should be at the forefront.
For further information:
Regional Office for the Americas of the World Health Organization


French Word of the Day: Croque-mort
French Word of the Day: Croque-mort
The word croque-mort may be one of the most off-putting in the French language, and no one seems to agree on its origins. Since its case is yet to be settled, here is everything you need to know to choose your side.
What do I need to know croque-mort?
Being a croque-mort is a job like any other else and you may have to call upon one someday. Behind this ill-omened term, stories on how it was born continue to have French people debating.
So what does it mean?
A croque-mort is another word for employé des pompes funèbres – undertaker, or literally translating to 'dead-biter'. Il est croque-mort, ça doit être déprimant comme métier. – He is an undertaker; it must be such a depressing job.
The term is slightly casual, so if you were talking to someone recently bereaved about funeral arrangements it might be better to use the more formal employé des pompes funèbres, but you won't insult someone if you use this to describe their work.
The most commonly spread legend on the origin of the word is also regarded as the least accurate of all.
A long time ago – possibly starting from the Middle Ages but no one knows for sure – undertakers supposedly had to bite the dead person's big toe to make sure they really were deceased. If there was no reaction, then the person could be buried.
Other possible origins
While this quirky story is very popular among the French, two more plausible explanations have surfaced.
During the plague epidemics of the Middle Ages, survivors would use un croc de boucher – a meat hook – to drag bodies towards mass graves. The ending c is usually silent, but if pronounced, croc will sound like croque. This could have easily led to the creation of a word such as croque-mort.
Even the Académie Française, acting as the official guardian of the French language, has its take on the subject. According to the official body, the misunderstanding comes from the double meaning of the verb croquer.
Though little used in this sense, croquer can also mean'steal' or'make something disappear'. Sa soeur a croqué tout l'héritage! – Her sister stole the entire inheritance!
The word croque-mort would then simply take its origins on the image of someone'stealing' people in the fashion of the Reaper, or making them disappear by burying them.
For more French words or expressions, head to our French word of the day section.
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PyDelhi meetup at FUELED NOIDA
So the machine learning themed pydelhi meetup kicked off with Vishal ( giving a talk on OpenCV and facial recognition. Vishal started off with first clearing some basics about video and image capturing where he talked about how a computer handles video input. He uses OpenCV to take in video input using his laptop camera. Afterwards he uses facial recognition datasets to track faces in his video input using his Rasberry pi and tried out different datasets. talk-1
Then there was a quick lightning talk given by Raju.
Then we broke for snacks and networking involving a very intense foosball competition.
The Second Talk was given by Praneet Nigam( following on the Machine Learning Train by giving a talk on Matplotlib, Seaborn and Pandas where he showcased some ways to data filtering and classification. Praneet Used a Pokemon dataset where he evaluated features of his pokemon dataset which included the height, weight and type of pokemeon. all required data for the talk can be found here.(
We ended our machine learning themed meetup with community mixer and hiring pitches.
Until next time, Au revoir


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Bootham Park Hospital (formerly York Lunatic Asylum)
Bootham Park Hospital 2008
Just a short stroll out of the city walls through Bootham Bar and along the road called Bootham will be rewarded with a vista of many beautiful Georgian buildings. A few hundred yards along, set back off the road in its own grounds stands what you might mistake for a country house. It is in fact, Bootham Park Hospital, formerly the notorious York Lunatic Asylum.
In 1772 at a meeting at York Castle, the Archbishop of York called together gentlemen of the three ridings of Yorkshire, along with Dr Alexander Hunter and architect John Carr. His intention was to create a lunatic asylum to prevent the mentally ill from being placed in unsuitable institutions like prisons.
Carr's practice was at its peak and the grand building was completed by 1777. With its applied Tuscan columns, pediment and fashionable Venetian windows, it was reported in the press as 'an elegant and expensive affair', but it didn't please everyone. William Mason, a Precentor at the Minster, wrote that its extravagant design was a waste of public money and suggested it should instead be advertised as 'a lunatic hotel'.
It was later discovered that despite its grandiose exterior some patients were held in terrible squalor. Indeed the conditions at the asylum were the stimulus for the foundation of the The Retreat at York which became world renowned for its pioneering treatment of the mentally ill.
The abuses at the York Asylum later became the centre of a great controversy. A national investigation in 1813-14 led to questions in Parliament. Some of the asylum records were burned in a suspiciously timed fire and two different sets of financial accounts were discovered. The resulting scandal led to substantial reforms in the way the hospital was run.
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The envelope theorem is used to solve maximization problems in the fields of microeconomics and finance. It is a fundamental result in the calculus of variations and is therefore often used in large deviations research.
We verify that the envelope theorem holds for the log-likelihood function when the underlying data are generated from a normal distribution. The evidence that the theorem is true is that the top and bottom pictures in the Demonstration are identical.
We explain the envelope theorem by way of a concrete example.
The log-likelihood maximization problem is to find parameters such that
Fix and define a new function such that
Now we view. Then the envelope theorem says that
The functions and are plotted in the top and bottom parts of the Demonstration output, respectively.
Roughly speaking, then, the envelope theorem says that fixing, maximizing over, and then taking the derivative with respect to is the same as taking the derivative with respect to, then fixing, and then substituting for the fixed the particular that maximizes.


text:
Furth Family History
14-Day Free Trial
Furth Name Meaning
German (also Fürth): topographic name for someone living at a ford, Middle High German vurt 'ford', 'path', or a habitational name from any of several places called Fürth, for example near Nuremberg. Jewish (western Ashkenazic): habitational name of the same origin as 1. Possibly also a variant spelling of Firth.
Source: Dictionary of American Family Names ©2013, Oxford University Press
Similar surnames: Forth, Firth, North, Warth, Burt, Horth, Worth, Borth, Garth, Kurth


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No, this is not a new Nintendo Wii game. This is actually research project at the University of Southern Denmark. The project is called Casmobot (Computer Assisted Slope Mowing Robot). 'The Casmobot project is about making grass cutting more efficient,' said Kjeld Jensen, a robotics researcher at the University of Southern Denmark who developed the system. It uses a standard Wiimote that communicates via Bluetooth to a computer and robotics module built into the mower. Actions of the mower are matched to tilt actions of the remote. For example, if you tilt the remote down the mower moves forwards; tilt it up, and it moves backwards, and so on. The Wiimote can be used to control the mower manually or in computer-assisted mode, where the mower uses autonomous navgiation based on RTK GPS positioning to cut larger areas."
See video below.


C Language Storage Classes
A storage class is used to set the scope of a variable or function. By knowing the storage class of a variable, we can determine the life-time of that variable during the run-time of the program.
 - [auto|register|static|extern] [ = ];
 - [static _Thread_local|extern _Thread_local|_Thread_local] [ = ]; /* since >=C11 */
 - Examples:
 - typedef int foo;
 - extern int foo[2];
Storage class specifiers are the keywords which can appear next to the top-level type of a declaration. The use of these keywords affects the storage duration and linkage of the declared object, depending on whether it is declared at file scope or at block scope:
KeywordStorage DurationLinkageRemarks
staticStaticInternalSets internal linkage for objects at file scope; sets static storage duration for objects at block scope.
externStaticExternalImplied and therefore redundant for objects defined at file scope which also have an initializer. When used in a declaration at file scope without an initializer, hints that the definition is to be found in another translation unit and will be resolved at link-time.
autoAutomaticIrrelevantImplied and therefore redundant for objects declared at block scope.
registerAutomaticIrrelevantRelevant only to objects with automatic storage duration. Provides a hint that the variable should be stored in a register. An imposed constraint is that one cannot use the unary & "address of" operator on such an object, and therefore the object cannot be aliased.
typedefIrrelevantIrrelevantNot a storage class specifier in practice, but works like one from a syntactic point of view. The only difference is that the declared identifier is a type, rather than an object.
_Thread_localThreadInternal/externalIntroduced in C11, to represent thread storage duration. If used at block scope, it shall also include extern or static.
Every object has an associated storage duration (regardless of scope) and linkage (relevant to declarations at file scope only), even when these keywords are omitted.
The ordering of storage class specifiers with respect to top-level type specifiers (int, unsigned, short, etc.) and top-level type qualifiers (const, volatile) is not enforced, so both of these declarations are valid:
int static const unsigned a = 5; /* bad practice */
static const unsigned int b = 5; /* good practice */
It is, however, considered a good practice to put storage class specifiers first, then any type qualifiers, then the type specifier (void, char, int, signed long, unsigned long long, long double...).
Not all storage class specifiers are legal at a certain scope:
register int x; /* legal at block scope, illegal at file scope */
auto int y; /* same */
static int z; /* legal at both file and block scope */
extern int a; /* same */
extern int b = 5; /* legal and redundant at file scope, illegal at block scope */
/* legal because typedef is treated like a storage class specifier syntactically */
int typedef new_type_name;
Storage Duration
Storage duration can be either static or automatic. For a declared object, it is determined depending on its scope and the storage class specifiers.
Static Storage Duration
Variables with static storage duration live throughout the whole execution of the program and can be declared both at file scope (with or without static) and at block scope (by putting static explicitly). They are usually allocated and initialized by the operating system at program startup and reclaimed when the process terminates. In practice, executable formats have dedicated sections for such variables (data, bss and rodata) and these whole sections from the file are mapped into memory at certain ranges.
Thread Storage Duration
This storage duration was introduced in C11. This wasn't available in earlier C standards. Some compilers provide a non-standard extension with similar semantics. For example, gcc supports __thread specifier which can be used in earlier C standards which didn't have _Thread_local.
Variables with thread storage duration can be declared at both file scope and block scope. If declared at block scope, it shall also use static or extern storage specifier. Its lifetime is the entire execution the thread in which it's created. This is the only storage specifier that can appear alongside another storage specifier.
Automatic Storage Duration
Variables with automatic storage duration can only be declared at block scope (directly within a function or within a block in that function). They are usable only in the period between entering and leaving the function or block. Once the variable goes out of scope (either by returning from the function or by leaving the block), its storage is automatically deallocated. Any further references to the same variable from pointers are invalid and lead to undefined behaviour.
In typical implementations, automatic variables are located at certain offsets in the stack frame of a function or in registers.
External and Internal Linkage
Linkage is only relevant to objects (functions and variables) declared at file scope and affects their visibility across different translation units. Objects with external linkage are visible in every other translation unit (provided that the appropriate declaration is included). Objects with internal linkage are not exposed to other translation units and can only be used in the translation unit where they are defined.


Take the 2-minute tour ×
 1. For a mapping between two Euclidean spaces, is it a linear conformal mapping if and only if it is a similarity transformation?
 My answer is yes, because the Jacobian matrix of a conformal transformation is everywhere a scalar times a rotation matrix.
 Note that both allow reflection, i.e. change of orientation.
 2. Is it correct that a conformal mapping may not be an affine nor projective transformation, because it may not be linear?
Thanks and regards!
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1 Answer 1
 1. Yes, for elementary reasons. Let $f$ be a linear conformal map and apply this to any triangle $ABC$. Then $f(AB),f(BC),f(CA)$ will be lines by linearity, and by conformality $f(ABC)$ will have the angles of $ABC$ so they will be similar therefore $f$ is a similarity mapping.
 2. Yes, consider inversion with respect to a fixed circle.
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Your Answer


text:
What does the name Kipling mean? The meaning of the name Kipling is From Cuppel's People. The origin of the name Kipling is English. This is the culture in which the name originated, or in the case of a word, the language.
People who like the name Kipling also like: Oliver
, Caleb Pippa
Name Notes: Rudyard Kipling, author/poet.


I have a content-type, that can be structured like this:
 - content-type A
 - title
 - summary
 - part one title
 - image
 - text
 - part two title
 - image
 - image
 - image
 - text
 - image
 - part three title
 - text
 - image
 - text
I have no control about the position and the amount of elements that can occur. I just have the types, like heading, text, image. Actually i have only fields or rather field-groups.
How can i give the editors the possibilty to move these fields or field groups inside the content type so they can determine the position? Is there something like nodequeue for fields?
Or should i alternatively cut the content-type to smaller pieces and organize it with nodequeue? I haven't worked with nodequeue before, is it possible to give a queue a menu-entry for example?
edit: Just before i asked my question i was watching a tutorial of Display Suite and if i understood correctly i can change the layout of a content-type globally. I'm looking for a solution that gives more control over each "article" created with a content-type. Maybe i was unprecise in my question...?
If I get your question right you want both the number of parts, the combination within the parts and order within the parts to be different. This may be a little difficult to implement but definitely doable.
I am assuming that you are going to have only title, text and image type in each of these parts.
Using fieldset module create three field collections name weighted title(containing textfield with cardinality as one and weight[integer value with cardinality as one]), weighted image(image field and weight field) and weighted text(containing a text field and weight field)
Now create a field set named type, add weighted title, weighted image and weighted text as the fields in this fieldset. Make sure that you keep the cardinality of these fields as infinity. To make sure that it is not confusing, we will need to remove the drag and drop option withing the type fieldset.
The UI needs to be worked on to make it more intuitive. Without these enhancements to implement
part two title
image image image text image
We will have to do it as
Solution : title 1 image 2
image 3 image 4 image 6 text 4
and for
part three title
text image text
Solution : title 1 text 2 text 4 image 3
Hope you are not lost :P
If I get it right, you would like to let users set the position of the field-groups when they edit a node.
If that is what you want, then I would add a "position" field to every field group (hide it on the node display, but make it visible on the node edit page).
Then you can use the value of the "position" field in template files (node.tpl.php) to add classes to the field-groups for example. Then use these classes in CSS to position the field-groups.
 - Interesting approach, though not too easy to maintain. Imagine there are 8 parts in a node and now we need to add one between 2 and 3. That would mean to change the position value of 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8. – Volker Nov 30 '12 at 16:30
This sounds like a problem better solved by multiple content types with role and/or user specific permissions. You can easily group content of various types with views, nodequeues, or taxonomy to name a few - any of which can of course be assigned to a menu item.
Otherwise, your best bet if you choose to stick with this is to use Panels as nodes, let editors create panels on the fly, arrange them how they want in predefined layouts, etc - but this is likely a training and maintenance nightmare.
With Panelizer you can can allow users to customize the position of a nodes fields and other content. The settings are specific for a node.
You can also setup one or more default variants with fields and other content (blocks etc) placed in regions. Users can then choose one of your default variants to be used for their node.
You can setup what content a user should be able to place in a node.
I recently found the Paragraphs module, which is another great way of accomplishing the tasks of my original question. It's like creating mini-content-types that you can add and move around. Fancy.
Your Answer


text:
i encountered the following question during nclex review:
the best action to establish correct placement of a gastric tube is for the nurse to
a) aspirate for the color and ph test b) inject air while listening for the gastric gurgle c) check the results of the x-ray results of tube placement d) measure the residual volume then reinsert the aspirate
you chose:c)check the results of the x-ray results of tube placement
the correct answer is a: aspirate for the color and ph test. all of the options are safe actions. however checking the color and ph are the best actions for verification of tube placement.
i selected xray, because visualization is the best confirmation is it not? i consulted my saunders review book and it states that the most reliable method of placement confirmation is xray after initial placement. thereafter, aspiration and ph test should be used to check placement most accurately.
okay, am i missing something in this question? i was taught not to assume, but am i supposed to assume that this is after initial placement, or that the xray results are not from a current xray but from the initial placement?
the question asked best action of the nurse, the only way that i would be able to understand why this answer is correct is if checking the results of an xray is not an action of the nurse. how would you answer this question for nclex purposes, a or c, and if you could please explain your thinking.
thanks to all who answer!


Preheat in Welding: What Is It and When Should You Use It?
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Welding preheat is important in many applications. Learn about the benefits and drawbacks of four common welding preheat methods.
Side-by-side image showing infrared heat using induction and induction setup with air-cooled cables
Preheating in welding is used to help ensure weld quality and reduce the occurrence of cracking and other problems that can result in costly rework. Welding preheat is commonly used before welding steel or steel alloy pipes or plates that are 1 inch thick or more. Preheating is often required in shop and field welding for oil and gas, transmission pipelines, power plants, structural construction, mining, shipbuilding and heavy equipment applications.
The process of preheating involves heating the area around the weld joint or the entire part to a specified temperature before welding. This reduces the cooling rate of the weld and drives out moisture, which in turn helps prevent hydrogen buildup and the potential for cracking.
Several methods can be used for welding preheat, including induction, open flame, resistance heating and convection ovens. Each one has benefits and drawbacks depending on the application. The best preheating method for a specific application often depends on the material thickness, the size of the weldment, the project timeline and budget, and available personnel and expertise.
When to use welding preheat
Determining if a welding application requires preheat depends on several factors, including the type and thickness of the base material. It's typically dictated by the welding code being used. To meet the requirements of the code, the welding procedure specification (WPS) for the job will outline the minimum and maximum preheat temperatures as well as the necessary duration of preheating. Often, a part must be held within a specific temperature range for a certain amount of time — such as between 250 degrees and 400 degrees Fahrenheit for 30 minutes — before welding can start.
Welders typically must monitor the base metal's temperature between weld passes to ensure the material remains within the required range. Common temperature verification tools include crayons, thermocouples, infrared thermometers and thermal imaging cameras.
Methods of preheating
In welding preheat, the heat can be applied directly around the area of the weld joint, or the entire part can be heated. There are four common welding preheat methods:
 - How it works: Induction creates a magnetic field that generates eddy currents within the base metal, heating it internally from within. Induction accessories, such as cables or blankets, are placed on the part to generate the magnetic field.
 - Pros: Induction offers quick setup, often in less than five minutes, and a fast time to temperature. Induction produces a uniform heated area — making it easy to achieve and stay within even a strict temperature window. The process is also extremely efficient and does not require personnel to watch it. Induction provides safety benefits, since the output coils don't get hot or create an uncomfortably hot environment for welders. The process also provides the flexibility to heat many different sizes and shapes of parts, and delivers localized heating where the part is.
 - Cons: Induction can have a higher initial cost and requires some operator training to ensure proper wrapping techniques.
Open flame
 - How it works: Operators use a fuel gas and compressed air torch (sometimes called rosebuds) to apply flame directly to the metal part.
 - Pros: If welding operations already have a torch, additional equipment doesn't need to be purchased for preheating. Flame preheating also requires little operator training.
 - Cons: Drawbacks of flame preheating include inconsistent temperature uniformity, a slower time to temperature since the process is inefficient, and comfort and safety issues for operators working near the soot, smoke and gases produced while using open flame. Flame preheating also involves the extra expense of the gas storage and distribution to the welding cells and requires personnel to be on fire watch during the process. Flame can cost $40 to $60 in consumable fuel per hour.
Resistance heating
 - How it works: Resistance heating uses electrically heated ceramic pads placed on the base metal. The heated tiles transfer heat to the part through radiant heat and conductive heat where the pads are in contact with the part.
 - Pros: Preheating with resistance can deliver temperature consistency if the system is working accurately and no pads are broken. It's also a method that can be used for larger projects and parts.
 - Cons: The cost of using resistance can be higher, especially since the method is often contracted out to a third party who controls the schedule and timeline. It can also be time-consuming — sometimes taking an hour or more to arrange and secure the heating pads to the part — and the required cool-down time adds to the time for setup and removal. Resistance heating elements also need insulation to help retain heat. The insulation and ceramic heating pads are costly consumables that need to be replaced occasionally, and the work environment can be an issue for these fragile components. Broken pads can cause hot and cold spots in the part. In addition, resistance heating elements get extremely hot and can pose a safety hazard for operators as well as affect operator comfort by adding to the ambient temperature. With resistance heating, electricians and a costly electrical drop are also necessary. During the heating cycle, the power source becomes a "spark generator" and require continued maintenance supervision from the mechanical contactors.
 - How it works: Ovens used for welding preheat use convection heating. The entire part is placed inside the oven for preheating.
 - Pros: Uniform heating is possible since the entire part is inside the oven. It's also a good option when an entire large part must be heated, or when the operation needs to do batch heating of many parts at once.
 - Cons: Ovens can be quite large and require connection to an electrical outlet, so they are often permanently installed in one location and don't offer mobility. As a result, parts must be brought to the oven for preheating, which can be difficult when very large parts are involved. These systems also typically require a substantial electrical connection and system, which adds expense. Also, the oven may have to be preheated for several hours before it's used, and it can put out enough heat to warm up the area around the oven, negatively affecting worker comfort. Outsourcing oven preheating causes a loss of control over the schedule and timeline.
Options for welding preheat
Many welding applications — especially critical welds in industries such as structural construction, oil and gas and shipbuilding — require preheat. Minimizing the temperature difference between the arc and the base material slows the weld cooling rate and lowers hydrogen, two factors that help reduce the risk of cracking and the potential for a failed weld.
Numerous welding preheat methods are available. Understanding the differences can help you choose the method that best helps optimize efficiency, reduce costs and rework, and produce high-quality welds in your application.
You can avoid the welding problems that threaten construction schedules and drive up costs.
Published: May 28, 2020