text:
Ecuadorian Sign LanguagePrint
188,000 (Van Cleve 1986).
Coastal, Sierra. The Coastal variety appears to be most influenced by the sign variety used in Guayaquil, while the Sierra variety is most influenced by the sign variety used in Quito. Ecuadorian deaf community reports variation based on age, older generation using Old Ecuadorian signs and younger generation using a combination of old Ecuadorian signs, American Sign Language [ase], and signs from Spain. All deaf Ecuadorians appear to be able to negotiate communication and understand each other. Roughly 50% of current Ecuadorian sign language is original to the country, 30% shows influence or borrowings from American Sign Language [ase], and 20% has ties to Spanish Sign Language [ssp]. Majority of deaf Ecuadorians feel that LSEC is unique and distinct from any other country's sign language.
LSEC is the preferred language, but Spanish literacy for access to mainstream society and employment is valued. All domains. All ages.
Ecuadorian Sign Language has the most contact with sign languages from Peru, Colombia, and the United States.


Can You Freeze Lentil Soup?
Lentil soup is a simple and nutritious meal - great for vegetarians and vegans and the perfect option for a healthy side dish, starter, or lunchtime meal.
It also freezes extremely well, so if you make big batches of soup and usually store them in the fridge, why not freeze them instead and extend their shelf life?
This way you can conveniently have a quick and easy meal in the freezer at all times, and you can extend the shelf life of this protein-packed soup, meaning you reduce your food waste, which is always important.
It could also save you time and money if you buy your ingredients in bulk and then cook and freeze a huge supply of lentil soup for future meals.
How to freeze lentil soup
Method 1
The following instructions will work well for both leftover store-bought soup and homemade versions, just ensure that you allow the soup to cool off fully before freezing it.
 1. Once the soup is cooled, you should freeze it in the fridge for at least 30 minutes.
 2. Then transfer the chilled soup from the fridge into resealable freezer bags or small containers. It's worth bearing in mind how many people each bag or container is for, or you can put a single portion in each one for ultimate ease when defrosting and reheating.
 3. When storing in containers, ensure you only fill them halfway, or if storing in bags, squeeze out all of the air before resealing them.
 4. Then label your containers or freezer bags and store them flat in the freezer.
Method 2
Another option is to freeze your soup in the form of ice cubes. For this, you will need several ice trays and a large freezer bag.
 1. Allow the soup to cool completely, and then ladle it into several ice cube trays until all the slots are filled.
 2. Then transfer to the freezer and allow the cubes to freeze for about two hours, or until firmly frozen.
 3. Remove the ice trays and take out each cube one at a time, placing all of the cubes in a large, resealable freezer bag.
 4. Be sure to squeeze out as much air as possible when sealing the bag, then write the date on it and store flat in the freezer.
How to defrost lentil soup
 1. Remove your soup from the freezer and transfer the container or bag to the fridge.
 2. Leave the soup to thaw overnight.
 3. When you're ready to heat the soup, you can transfer the thawed contents into a saucepan and simmer on low heat until piping hot - this usually takes a few minutes.
 4. If you want to thin your soup out, you can add a little water or broth while heating.
 5. Do not reheat the defrosted soup!
Factors to consider before freezing lentil soup
Allow the soup to cool before freezing
This is really important.
Putting warm food in the freezer causes a shift in the overall freezer temperature, which increases the risk of spoilage. Not only could the soup turn bad, but this could be the case for all of your stored frozen food.
It is also likely to decrease the shelf life of your frozen soup and will be easier to spoil when you reheat it.
If you're particularly short on time, you can always put the pot in ice water and stir the soup every few minutes to speed up the cooling process. This is much safer than risking putting the lukewarm soup in the freezer.
Don't overfill the container
All liquids expand when put in the freezer, so it's essential you leave some headroom when prepping your soup for freezing.
If you fill the container to the brim, you risk it bursting, but on the other hand, if you underfill the container you risk freezer burn, which could alter the taste of your defrosted soup.
Ultimately, you want to leave about an inch of space from the top of the container when filling it with soup. This gives it the best of both worlds - enough room to expand while ensuring minimal air exposure.
Don't overcook your soup
If you're cooking your soup with the intention of freezing the entire batch, it's best to undercook your lentil soup, as you know you'll be freezing it and reheating it again later on. This way, you'll lower the risk of the soup becoming excessively mushy when you reheat it.
If you are planning on eating half of your batch now and half later, you can always split it in two.
For example, when the lentils are slightly undercooked you can put half of the batch to one side so it can cool, while you prepare the rest of the soup.
This way, once the undercooked half has cooled you can freeze it straight away, which should allow you to achieve fresher results and a better consistency once you come to thawing and reheating the soup at a later date.
Shelf life
If frozen correctly, your lentil soup can be frozen for up to 6 months. However, consume the soup at your earliest convenience, as the longer it's kept in the freezer, the more you risk changes to the flavor and texture.
Lentil type
You should also be aware that different types of lentils will freeze and thaw differently.
Green lentils freeze and thaw relatively well, but brown lentils hold more water so they're likely to thin out the texture of your soup when you defrost and reheat it.
Lentil soup is a hearty, wholesome dish and is packed full of protein and flavor, making it perfect for warming you up on those chilly winter nights.
Generally, lentil soup freezes well and can be kept for up to six months, but it's important you get the prep and defrosting process right to ensure you maintain the texture of your soup.
The most important factor to remember is to always let the soup cool completely before freezing it.
Freezing soup is a great way to ensure you have a big batch on hand in the freezer at all times.


Turn screen updating on or off.
 Application.Echo(EchoOn, StatusBarText)
 EchoOn Use True (default) to repaint the screen and False to turn it off.
 Text to display in the status bar when repainting is turned on or off.
Complex Visual Basic code will run faster if you turn off screen repainting until the procedure has finished running. Echo Off can also be used to hide changes that the user should not see.
The Echo method does not suppress the display of modal dialog boxes, such as error messages, or pop-up forms, such as property sheets.
When screen repainting is off, the screen won't show any changes, even if the user presses CTRL+BREAK or Visual Basic encounters a breakpoint. If you try to step through the code, you won't be able to see progress through the code or any other visual cues, however, the code will continue to execute.
For debugging purposes, you can create a macro that turns repainting on and then assign the macro to a key combination.
' Open the Patients form minimized.
Application.Echo False
DoCmd.Hourglass True
DoCmd.OpenForm "frmPatients", acNormal
Application.Echo True
DoCmd.Hourglass False
Hourglass - Display the hourglass icon
SetWarnings - Turn system messages on or off.
© Copyright _PHONE_
Some rights reserved


text:
Penn Law Oral History Project
Penn Law is quite proud of its alumni, and in order to honor them and their achievements, we present the Penn Law Oral History Project. View all Oral History videos on our YouTube channel
What is it?
Our goals for the Oral History Project are twofold:
- to record stories and recollections about Penn Law, its professors, and the experiences of students throughout the years;
- to highlight the impact of a Penn Law education through first-hand narrations of achievements, challenges, and relationships by the alumni who lived them.
What can I talk about?
You can discuss your memories of Penn Law, including your friends, classmates, professors, classroom experiences, etc. You can also talk about your experiences in Philadelphia, your career after graduation, and how you were affected by your time at Penn Law. We seek to create a thorough, multi-faceted record of Penn Law's history, so that we can tell our story to future generations of students.
How can I be interviewed?
If you would like to schedule an Oral History interview (preferably on video), please call Andy Maynard _PHONE_) to make arrangements.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


This article, Grava Arms (Earth-2020), is the sole property of User:Skullguy123. For permission to use, mention or make major edits, ask me first for my permission. However, grammatical, spelling, and punctuation edits are more then welcomed
This page is currently under construction. Please bear with the changes made by the author
Grava Arms
General Information
Species 1/2 Galilean
1/2 Tetramand
Body Four-Armed Planet
Powers and Abilities
Abilities Enhanced Strength
Enhanced Durability
Enhanced Jump
Enhanced Agility
Space Survivability
Grava Arms is the combination of Gravattack and Four Arms' DNA.
Grava Arms has the body of Gravattack with the features of Four Arms. The outside of his skin is the same red as Four Arms except for the insides which are reddish-brown and Gravattacks core at the center of his body. He has four Gravattack arms with three fingers and a thumb though his feet only have two toes. On his arms and head, he has Four Arms' spikes. He has Four Arms' eyes with markings on his chin and around his eyes.
Powers and Abilities
Grave Arms has the combined durability and strength of Gravattack and Four Arms along with the formers ability to survive in space. He also has Gravattack's ability to control gravity though at a stronger degree due to having four arms
Grave Arms isn't as strong as Fourmungousaur and isn't able to fit in small spaces.


text: The aim of this paper was to review in vitro and in situ studies that directly compared the use of bovine teeth as a substitute for human teeth in dental experiments. A PubMed search was conducted for papers published from 1953 to December 30, 2010 using the following keywords: "human bovine enamel" or "human bovine dentin" or "human bovine teeth". The abstracts of the studies resulting from the keyword search were read, and all papers that compared human and bovine teeth were fully read. Only original articles written in English and directly comparing human and bovine substrates were included in the review. The search was supplemented by manual searches of the reference lists from each identified paper. Out of 76 studies initially selected, 68 fulfilled the selection criteria for inclusion. The studies covered seven categories: dental morphology, chemical composition, physical properties, dental caries, dental erosion/abrasion, bonding/adhesive strength, and marginal microleakage. Inconsistent data exist regarding whether bovine teeth can be considered an appropriate substitute for human teeth in dental research. Morphological, chemical compostion and physical property differences between the two substrates must be considered when interpreting results obtained from any experiment using bovine tooth substrate.


text:
The pursuit of a better, more fair and more accurate water sensor was revealed this week in a new patent application discovered by AppleInsider. Entitled "Mechanisms for Detecting Exposure to Water in an Electronic Device," it describes circuit-based methods, including the use of a water-soluble glue, as potentially a better way of detecting water damage.
Apple's filing notes that when a customer attempts to return a malfunctioning product, personnel at the point of sale are sometimes unqualified to properly check whether or not the device has water damage. As a result, customers frequently receive replacements for products that were damaged in methods not covered under warranty.
These erroneous replacements can prove costly to a company, and so Apple has shown interest in devising a better and more accurate way of assessing water damage to its portable devices. Pictured in the patent applications are an iPhone, iPad and iPod.
In one potential solution, Apple describes an "immersion detection mechanism" included as part of the internal components of a device. This water sensor could be covered in a water-soluble conductive glue that would electrically insulate the gap between two conducting pieces.
In the event that an iPhone or another device were to be submerged in water, this conductive glue would be permanently eroded by the water. The system would detect a change in impedance of the path, and would signal an alert to a data processor that would log water exposure events within the device.
Another potential method described by Apple involves several water sensors arranged and connected as a randomly accessible sensor array. A current can be passed through these conductive paths, and a change in impedance can be detected, which would signal an alert to a data processor that would log potential water damage events.
The application, made public this week, was first filed in August of 2010. It is credited to inventor Timothy M. Johnson.
Currently, all of Apple's mobile products come LSIs (Liquid Submersion Indicators) or LCIs (Liquid Contact Indicators) that turn from white or silver to a pinkish red when they come in contact with liquid. The sensors are used by Apple to make it easier for its retail store "Geniuses" and third-party repair technicians to determine whether a device has failed as a result of liquid damage, which isn't covered under warranty.
But those sensors occasionally result in false positives, an issue that has led to at least one lawsuit. Apple's proposed invention could be a fairer and more accurate way of detecting water damage.
Apple has apparently shown interest in water-proofing future devices with technology made by HzO. Their product, called "WaterBlock," was shown off at last month's Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas, Nev.
Officials with HzO indicated that they have been in talks with Apple about using WaterBlock in future devices like the iPhone. In fact, the company used the iPhone 4S, along with iPads and iPods, for demonstrations of their product at the show.
[ View article on AppleInsider ]

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Why You Should Take Your Kid to International Schools in Thailand
 - English
 - ภาษาไทย
Every parent wants a quality education for their children, which explains why more students are joining international schools in Thailand. If you are wondering if to follow this trend, read on to discover why need to take your kid to these learning institutions.
Harmony with Diversity
One of the unique qualities of international schools is providing a platform for different cultures to meet and interact. By learning how others from diverse backgrounds live, your kid develops harmony and expands their perspective. This makes them better global citizens when they finish school.
Emphasis on Moral Values
Besides focusing on academics, international schools also strive to make students better leaders for the future. That is why they teach moral values like diligence, discipline, empathy, etc. These are essential for character development and building holistic human beings.
Innovative Programs
Since their objectives is to offer quality education, international schools provide innovative programs that push the beyond normal academic standards. For example, scholars might go hiking to improve mental endurance, physical fitness, resilience, and teamwork.
Experiential Learning
International schools understand that the best way of learning incorporates classwork and experiments. This is why experiential learning is included in their curricula, as it enables students to learn through experience and reflection. Moreover, this approach gives scholars an opportunity to apply their knowledge practically.
Academic Excellence
International schools are renowned worldwide for their academic excellence. Some of the reasons behind their fantastic results are having first-class facilities and smaller class sizes.
When an institution has first-class amenities, it makes it easier for the teacher to transfer their knowledge. This is because there are more reference materials that the student can use to expand their thinking.
Likewise, smaller class sizes make teaching more effective, as the teacher can deal with the unique needs of every scholar.
Additionally, these schools have extracurricular activities that break the monotony of classwork, allowing your kid to be sharper for the next lesson.
For the reasons mentioned above and many others, Map Guide Thailand recommends taking your kids to international schools. This way, your child will be forever grateful to you for shaping their future positively.
To learn more about International Schools in Thailand please KIS.ac.th


text:
"european" in a sentence
- Adjective: European 'yûru'peeun
Noun: European 'yûru'peeun
- Of or relating to or characteristic of Europe or the people of Europe
- A native or inhabitant of Europe
Derived forms: Europeans
See also: Europe
Type of: denizen, dweller, habitant, indweller, inhabitant
- It was built after a european model.
- The europeans produced mainly war planes.
- Certainly it captivated the european writer.
- It is a voice of european public opinions.
- european nations are relatively modest in size.
- europeans and jews do not readily assimilate.
- The tour took in six european capitals.
- I don't care much for these european potatoes.
- I accompanied him on his european travel.
- I still carry european pollution.
, "europassport" meaning
, "europe" meaning
, "europe agreements" meaning
, "europe, fortress" meaning
, "european academic and research network" meaning
, "european adder" meaning
, "european adders" meaning
, "european agricultural guidance and guarantee fund" meaning
What is the meaning of european and how to define european in English? european meaning, what does european mean in a sentence? european meaning
, translation, pronunciation, synonyms and example sentences are provided by eng.ichacha.net.


Productive Club Helping you follow your dream
From A Weak to Confident Communicator - 30 Day Challenge
Day 11 Challenge: Count how many times you start a sentence with No, But, However
You might think you are approachable and listen to the opinion of others. Little do you know how frequently you disagree or shoot down what others have to say.
You do not have to agree with what every little thing. But when you start your response by disagreement, you push away a person from opening up to you. You have your opinion and he has his, so you can listen to a person without disagreement.
Today, you count the number of times you begin a sentence with any of these 3 words - No, But, However. It does not mean you cannot disagree, but you are not allowed to do that when you begin a sentence. You will be shocked to know how much you disagree with people.
Participate in the Challenge


Parabola recording
The Macaulay Library is here to help you meet the challenges of recording birds and other animals in the wild. This page contains tips on how to maximize the quality of your recordings.
Know your gear
Check that your gear is functioning properly before taking it into the field. Be sure you know how it works and you feel comfortable setting it up and using it. This makes it more likely you can take advantage of great recording opportunities in the field. The more comfortable you are with your equipment, the more enjoyable your experience and the better your recordings will be. For information on choosing recording gear, check out our recording equipment pages, as well as our 2019 gear review.
Create uncompressed.WAV files
WAV is the standard audio format used at the Macaulay Library, the Library of Congress, and other sound archives dedicated to the long-term preservation of audio. WAV is an uncompressed audio format that provides an accurate copy of wildlife sounds, maximizing the usefulness of your recordings for research and conservation today and in the future. By contrast, compressed file types like MP3 and M4A are often the default on smartphones and other recorders, but discard audio information that can be important. Learn more about WAV files and compression.
Get close to your subject
Getting closer dramatically increases the volume of your target compared to the background, resulting in a cleaner, more audible recording. Cutting your distance in half doubles the perceived loudness of the desired signal, and is a good goal to strive for when approaching a bird. Get closer, but try to move slowly and quietly, being careful not to disturb your subject.
Aim your microphone
Position the microphone to minimize obstructions between it and the vocalizing animal. When using a directional microphone, aim it directly at the subject. This is especially important when using a parabolic microphone system, given its extreme directionality. Keep your eye on your subject (if you can see it) so you can follow its movements and keep it "in focus." Consider adjusting your position to reduce interfering noise: put your back to unwanted noise if you are using a parabola and put the noise to the side if you are using a shotgun microphone. The proper aim will increase the quality of the recording while reducing the interference of background noise.
Set the record level to avoid distortion
If your recorded sound is louder than your recorder's maximum level (0 dB on the recorder's meter), you will introduce distortion into your recording. To avoid this, set your record level so that the loudest part of the target vocalization peaks at a safe level (such as -12 dB). Check the record level of your target species and adjust the level before you press record. Note that with 32-bit recorders like the Sound Devices MixPre-3 II, level-setting is much less important and distorted recordings can be recovered. Most recording devices still do not enjoy this benefit, however.
Peaking at a safe level (left); distortion occurring (right)
Don't adjust the record level during the recording
Set the record level at the start of each recording and, if possible, leave it unchanged for the remainder of the recording. Changing the record level during a recording results in an uneven sound that affects the quality of the recording. Try to only adjust the level if your subject becomes so loud that you risk distortion (see above.)
Make longer recordings
The most valuable recordings are ones that capture many calls or songs, or capture the variation of calls and songs. If you are in a good situation, it is worth recording for several minutes. However, also consider whether you have the opportunity to get closer or otherwise take action to obtain a better recording. If so, you may wish to end your first recording after a minute or two and try for a better opportunity. The better the quality of the recording, the more worthwhile it is to keep going. And the longer you record, the more likely it is that your subject will do something interesting!
Find quiet, be quiet
Microphones are sensitive and will pick up everything around them. Everyday sounds like traffic, airplanes, and moving water can be tuned out by our brains, but show up as unwanted background noise in recordings. If you can find an area where these noises are less prominent, it will be much easier to obtain a clean recording.
It is also important to remember that microphones pick up sounds close to them better than distant birds, and nothing is closer to the microphone than you. Be aware of the sounds you or your companions make. Try not to move, walk, talk, or otherwise make noise during a recording, and ask any companions with you ahead of time to do the same. Minimize handling noise by being careful about how you hold your microphone or recording device. A shock mount for a microphone is very useful for reducing unwanted bumps and clicks caused by your hand. A windscreen also reduces the impact gusts of wind have on your recordings. Finally, keeping yourself quiet is easier when you wear "quiet" clothing like fleece, wool, or cotton, rather than noisier clothing like a raincoat.
Make a voice announcement
It's easy to lose track of exactly what happened during a particular recording, especially if you're cataloging it days or weeks after it was made. Making a voice announcement at the end of each recording can help you and future listeners figure out what was going on and capture important contextual information that may be relevant to the sound the bird was making. Describe basic information such as the species, date, time, and location. Most importantly, describe the behavior of the bird. Where was it when you recorded it? What was it doing? Was it moving around or on a perch? Were there other individuals or species that made sounds in the recording or that may have influenced the vocalizations of your subject? Anything you can say about what was going on is valuable information and can be hard to figure out later on. Habitat, weather, and recording equipment can also be useful to mention, perhaps in your first recording of the morning.
Review, organize, edit, and upload your field recordings
You put in a lot of hard work to get your recordings, so don't waste your efforts, share them with the world! The sooner you can organize your files and get them archived, the less likely it is that any data will be lost. Try keeping them organized in folders by day, then follow our archival editing suggestions and upload them to your eBird checklist!


text:
Background: To date, postoperative prognostic factors for intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct (IPNB) have not been well-established. This study aimed to examine the histopathologic features and postoperative prognosis of the two IPNB subclassifications, as well as factors affecting prognosis, based on the authors' experience at a single institution. Methods: The study enrolled 83 patients who underwent surgical resection for pathologically diagnosed IPNB at the authors' institution. The clinicopathologic features and postoperative outcomes for these patients were examined. The study also investigated postoperative prognostic factors for IPNB using uniand multivariate analyses. Results: More than half of the tumors (64%) diagnosed as IPNB were early-stage cancer (UICC Tis or T1). However, none were diagnosed as benign. The multivariate analysis showed that lymph node metastasis (hazard ratio [HR], 5.78; p = 0.002) and bile duct margin status with carcinoma in situ (D-CIS; HR, 5.10; p = 0.002) were independent prognostic factors, whereas MUC6 expression showed only a marginal influence on prediction of prognosis (HR, 0.32; p = 0.07). The tumor recurrence rate and the proportion of locoregional recurrence were significantly greater among the patients with D-CIS than among those with negative bile duct margins, including those patients with low-grade dysplasia. The patients with D-CIS showed a significantly poorer prognosis than those with negative bile duct margins (5-year survival, 38% versus 87%; p = 0.0002). Conclusions: Evaluation of resected IPNBs showed cancer in all cases. Avoiding positive biliary stumps during surgery, including resection of carcinoma in situ, would improve the prognosis for patients with IPNB.
ASJC Scopus subject areas


text:
To look at the photos, open the Java Applet Index page.
Note: It will open in a separate window. Arrange your browser windows so that the applet and the student page can be easily viewed.
Here are some things to notice on the applet:
- display of x (in pixels)
- display of y (in pixels)
To get an idea of how this will work, select one of the faces.
Here are some questions to think about:
Looking at the x-coordinates
Looking at the y-coordinates
- Click on the left side of the mouth. What value is x?
- Click on the right side of the mouth. What value is x?
- What is the difference between the two values of x?
- Click on left side of the mouth. What value is y?
- Click on the right side of the mouth. What value is y?
- What is the difference between the two values of y?
To determine the distance in pixels of the resting mouth, should you pay more attention to the change in the x-coordinate or the y-coordinate? Can you explain why?
Now that you have the idea of how to find measurements in pixels. Find the lengths of the resting mouth and the smiling mouth for each person.
Using the data that we have, let's calculate the percentage increase. Need help in knowing how to do that? Check the Dr. Math links below.
Generalize the method that you used to find the lengths between points located on the face. Write the steps needed to calculate the percentage increase between the resting and smiling mouth.
Use your own photograph and see how much wider your smile is!


Lightbend Activator
HTML 5 Device Orientation with play, ember and websockets
HTML 5 Device Orientation with play, ember and websockets
Michal Janousek, Martin Zapletal
July 9, 2014
scaladays2014 playframework emberjs scala websockets threejs
This template shows how simple it is to use latest technologies to build a nice modern reactive web application comprising of a Client-side JavaScript App built using EmberJS and WebSockets with WebGL ThreeJS, served from the Play 2 Framework written in Scala which works high velocity data from different sources using Play Iteratees and Akka.
How to get "HTML 5 Device Orientation with play, ember and websockets" on your computer
There are several ways to get this template.
Option 1: Choose reactive-orientation in the Lightbend Activator UI.
Already have Lightbend Activator (get it here)? Launch the UI then search for reactive-orientation in the list of templates.
Option 2: Download the reactive-orientation project as a zip archive
If you haven't installed Activator, you can get the code by downloading the template bundle for reactive-orientation.
 1. Download the Template Bundle for "HTML 5 Device Orientation with play, ember and websockets"
 2. Extract the downloaded zip file to your system
 Or from a command line:
 C:\Users\typesafe\reactive-orientation> activator ui
Option 3: Create a reactive-orientation project from the command line
If you have Lightbend Activator, use its command line mode to create a new project from this template. Type activator new PROJECTNAME reactive-orientation on the command line.
Option 4: View the template source
The creator of this template maintains it at
Option 5: Preview the tutorial below
Preview the tutorial
This template shows how simple it is to use latest technologies to build a nice modern reactive web application comprising of a Client-side JavaScript App built using EmberJS and WebSockets with WebGL ThreeJS, served from the Play 2 Framework written in Scala which works high velocity data from different sources using Play Iteratees and Akka. One of the main goals of this template is to show how such non-trivial application can be written very quickly, elegantly, readably and scalably with just a few lines of code using the Typesafe technologies and to describe and discuss the concepts, technologies, various alternatives that are provided to programmer to meet the goals, provide resources for further education and to help even beginners to start with or improve in using these technologies.
In the beginning it doesn't look very interesting. But we will get there.
Reactive applications are aiming to resolve the latest needs in software development. Even web is quickly moving towards the features of the Reactive Manifesto. The ability to react quickly to user's interaction is becoming more and more important. This activator template illustrates how a real time communication can be simply, reliably and scalably built on the Typesafe platform. The template uses Play 2.3 and utilizes Iteratees as an useful abstraction to handle continuous streams of data in form of real time bidirectional websocket communication as well as Akka Actor web socket interface. Other technologies used are Scala, Play, Akka and Scalaz for server backend and Ember.js, HTML5 device orientation API, Bootstrap and Three.js for front end and visualisation as well as some other smaller tools that will be mentioned in the documentation.
Main functionality of the Play server is to act as a router for web socket messages. It accepts connections on two different web sockets. The first web socket receives messages with data about spatial orientation from an arbitrary number of mobile devices. Web sockets in combination with orientation data serve as a good descriptive source of data with reasonably high volume and velocity so we can show how these can be handled using the Typesafe platform. The server applies transformation function to each message and merges streams of messages from all devices into a single stream which is in turn sent to the other websocket where the data for each individual device are clearly displayed in real time. This is illustrated on the figure below.
Go to Run tab in Activator and start the application and then visit http://localhost:9000. Another option is to start the application from linux terminal using activator run command for Play 2.3. After the application startup, you will be presented by the Dashboard page and IP address of the machine in network. This is because you will need to connect to the Play server from other devices. In real life the application would be deployed in the internet so you would just need to enter the url. This case however requires you to enter the local network address, including port (default 9000) to your mobile device's browser - for example When the page is loaded, select Device tab and click the Start button. If the device supports orientation sensor, it should start sending data to the server. The Dashboard page will show real time information including visualisation of the device's orientation. Each device connected will be presented individually. After certain time of inactivity the device is removed from the Dashboard. Note the visualisation may not be exactly correct, because the alpha represents the angle to north so you may need to adjust your screen with Dashboard manually.
System overview - Server
Play controller
The main work of the application happens in Application.scala. This object is the only Play Controller in the whole application. It has three methods. The index method attempts to retrieve network interfaces to be able to present the IP address and then presents index.scala.html view. The most elegant way is to use play actor sockets (introduced in Play 2.3) for connections from mobile devices and Iteratees/Enumerator for dashboard sockets. You can read about both options in Play scala web sockets. The controller has one instance of Enumerator and one instance of Channel. Messages pushed to the Channel will be received by web sockets using the Enumerator. This is important to understand, because these will be shared by actors that will push messages to the Channel and device websockets who will use the Enumerator.
val (dataEnumerator, dataChannel) = Concurrent.broadcast[JsValue]
Method mobileWebSocket is triggered when a new web socket connection is started from the mobile device. When using actor sockets, Play automatically creates one actor for each connection on the web socket. This is a very convenient way to scale - because actors can run in parallel and have nicely distributed responsibility - having as much actors as devices won't create a performance bottleneck or a single point of failure.
 def mobileWebSocket = WebSocket.acceptWithActor[OrientationChangeEvent, JsValue] { request => out =>
 Props(new StreamMergingActor(dataChannel))
Play automatically sends a message to the specified actor when a message on the web socket interface is received. The type of the message is specified by the first type parameter of acceptWithActor function.
It would be possible to achieve the same using Iteratees and Enumerators approach. The code would then look for example like this.
 def mobileWebSocket = WebSocket.using[OrientationChangeEvent] { request =>
 val in = Iteratee.foreach[OrientationChangeEvent] { mergingActorRouter! _ }
 val out = Enumerator.empty[OrientationChangeEvent]
 (in, out)
In this case, we would however need to take care of the number of actors manually. One solution would be for example to create a Router that distributes incomming messages according to predefined logic. One option to create a router would be to add one actor to the routees with each connection or create a router with a fixed number of actors equal to number of cpu cores available on the machine.
 lazy val mergingActorRouter = Akka.system.actorOf(
 .props(Props(new StreamMergingActor(dataChannel))))
Method dashboardWebSocket manages web socket connections from dashboard page using Iteratee and Enumerator. Iteratee is a representation of incomming message stream and Enumerator of the outgoing. The code handling web sockets from dashboard using Iteratees and Enumerators may look like this.
 def dashboardWebSocket = WebSocket.using[JsValue] { request =>
 (Iteratee.ignore, dataEnumerator)
This solution is very elegant and minimal, because we again use Play to do the hard work. We just use the same channel for each incomming websocket connection. When a message is received from mobile device, the actor that is responsible for handling the message will simply push it to this channel and because it is shared by all Dashboard web sockets, they will automatically all receive the message. In addition, this abstraction very nicely illustrates the intended functionality - messages from multiple devices are merged into one stream! Notice also the Iteratee is ignored (because we are not expecting any messages from the dashboard apart from initial web socket connection). Again this is not the only option and it would be possible implement the same logic using Actor web sockets, but we would have to manually handle the fact that the response is not going to the same socket as the received message.
To summarize the above solution - one actor is created for each Device connection. All these actors push messages the same shared output channel which in turn is also shared by all Dashboard connections.
Scala's ecosystem offers a variety of options to handle this use case. One notable alternative to Play would be for example Spray.
Akka actor
The application only uses one user defined actor located in StreamMergingActor.scala. StreamMergingActor's role is to merge incomming streams from devices and send the resulting stream to dashboards using the share channel. Companion object StreamMergingActor defines messages which the actor understands. OrientationChangeEvent and OrientationChangeData represent one single message received from the mobile device. Each message contains deviceId, information about the device, assigned colour and three values - alpha, beta and gamma - which represent the orientation data and will be explained later. Most important fact is,


text:
1. The effects of adrenalectomy on the adenylate cyclase—adenosine 3′:5′-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic AMP) system of rat renal medulla were examined to evaluate the mechanism of the impaired water diuresis in glucocorticoid deficiency.
2. Concentrations of cyclic AMP in medullary tubules from adrenalectomized rats were significantly higher than in the tubules from control animals both in the presence and absence of antidiuretic hormone.
3. This abnormality was corrected by the treatment in vivo of the adrenalectomized rats with dexamethasone, but addition of this drug to the incubation medium did not abolish the differences in cyclic AMP between tubules from adrenalectomized and normal rats.
4. The activity of adenylate cyclase or cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase in vitro was not affected by adrenalectomy.
5. In glucocorticoid deficiency, the concentration of cyclic AMP in medullary tubules is increased both with and without antidiuretic hormone. This abnormality may render medullary tubules more permeable to water and may underlie the impaired water diuresis in glucocorticoid deficiency.


advisor Prof. J.H.J. van Vuren and Prof. H.H. du Preez author Janse van Rensburg, Darelle Tania 2012-09-06T12:31:33Z 2012-09-06T12:31:33Z 2012-09-06 1997 M.Sc. This project considers the feasibility of using heated cooling water from coal-fired power stations within Eskom for the culturing of C/arias gariepinus (Sharptooth catfish) and Oreochromis mossambicus (Mozambique tilapia). The work includes: an overview of world wide trends in power plant thermal effluent aquaculture, the identification of suitable power stations for aquaculture, long term monitoring of the physical and chemical characteristics of the cooling water at selected power stations, including the effects of the cooling water on the growth response, food conversion, condition factor, survival rate and suitability for human consumption of the aforementioned fish species reared in the cooling water at Matla and Kriel Power Stations. en Coal-fired power plants. Clarias gariepinus. Catfishes - Breeding - Research. Mozambique tilapia. Aquacultural use of heated effluents from coal-fired power stations : a feasibility study Thesis


Doctrine of Harmonious Construction: A Comprehensive Analysis
By | December 21, 2020
Doctrine of Harmonious Construction
The Doctrine of Harmonious Construction: The Parliament makes a separate set of statutes, rules and legislation as well as constitutional provisions under their well-defined powers. While the framing of these provisions has to be done very carefully, conflict still occurs sometimes due to overlapping in their enforcement. This is because there are chances of certain gaps being left while framing of these provisions, which could not have been foreseen by legislators. To deal with such conflicts, certain doctrines and rules are propounded by courts that are used in the interpretation of statutes. One such rule of interpretation is the Doctrine of Harmonious Construction.
This article provides an overview of the doctrine along with case laws.
I. Meaning of the Doctrine of Harmonious Construction
The Doctrine of Harmonious Construction is considered as the thumb rule to the rule of interpretation of statutes. The doctrine states:
"Whenever there is a case of conflict between two or more statutes or between two or more parts or provisions of a statute, then the statute has to be interpreted upon harmonious construction. It signifies that in case of inconsistencies, proper harmonization is to be done between the conflicting parts so that one part does not defeat the purpose of another."
The doctrine is based on a cardinal principle in law that every statute has been formulated with a specific purpose and intention and thereby should be read as a whole. The normal presumption is that what Parliament has given by one hand is not sought to be taken away from another. The essence is to give effect to both the provision. To avoid conflict, the adopted interpretation of the statute should be consistent with all its provisions.
If there seems an impossibility to harmoniously construe or reconcile the parts/provisions, then the matter rests with the judiciary to decide and give final judgment. The aim of the courts is to do interpretation in a manner that it resolves the repugnancy or inconsistency between the provisions and enables the statute to become consistent as a whole and read accordingly.
II. Origin of the Doctrine
The Doctrine of Harmonious construction was originated through interpretations given by courts in a number of cases. The evolution of the doctrine can be traced back to the very first amendment made in the Constitution of India with the landmark judgment of Shankari Prasad v. Union of India [1]. The case dealt upon the conflict between part III (Fundamental Rights) and IV (Directive Principles of State Policy) that form as basic features of the Indian Constitution.
The court applied the rule of Harmonious Construction and held that Fundamental rights being rights given against the state can be taken away in certain situations and can be amended as well by the Parliament to bring them in conformity with constitutional provisions. Preference was given to both and it was decided that FRs and DPSPs are just two different sides of the same coin that requires working together for the public good.
Historically, this doctrine was evolved through the rule of conciliation first propounded in the case of C.P and Berar Act [2]. The court applied this rule of interpretation to avoid overlapping or inconsistency between entry 24 and entry 25 of State list and read them harmoniously by determining the extent of the concerned subjects.
III. Applicability of the Doctrine
To quote courts view on the application of the doctrine of harmonious construction:
"When there are in an enactment two provisions which cannot be reconciled with each other, they should be so interpreted that; if possible, the effect should be given to both." [3]
It is a well-settled principle that a statute must be read as a whole and in a manner that one part/provision of the act is harmoniously construed in reference to the other provisions of the same Act so as to provide a consistent enactment of the whole statute. [4]
There are five principles of this Doctrine as laid down by the apex court of India in the case of CIT v. Hindustan Bulk Carrier:
 1. "While interpreting, the court has a duty to avoid a "head-on clash" at all cost between two sections of the same act
 2. The interpretation should be done such that the provision of one section doesn't defeat the purpose of another unless it is impossible to effect a reconciliation between them
 3. When it is impossible to reconcile the contradictory provisions, then courts must interpret in a way to give as much as possible effect to both provisions
 4. A Construction that reduces one of the provisions to a "useless lumber" or "dead letter" is not harmonious construction
 5. Lastly, to harmonize is not to destroy any other statutory provisions." [5]
The aforesaid principles give the basic yet clear explanations on the usage of the rule of Harmonious Construction while interpreting parts of any statute.
Moreover, when two provisions of a statute are in apparent conflict with each other, then both must be interpreted in a way that it gives effect to both and no such construction should be adopted that renders either of the provisions useless or inoperative except in the last resort. The Supreme Court has clearly illustrated the use of this principle in Raj Krushna v. Binod Kanungo [6] case.
Section 33(2) and 123(8) of ROPA, 1951 were in apparent conflict. Where section 33(2) talks about the power of a government servant to nominate or second a person in an election, the other section 123(8) specifies that a government servant cannot assist any candidate in the election except by casting his vote [7]. The court interpreted both sections harmoniously and held that a government servant has both the right to nominate or second a candidate but forbidden to assist in any other manner and he also has the right to vote.
IV. Relevant Case Laws
To have a fair understanding of the concept of this interpretation rule, it is important that we read upon its actual applicability in relevant case laws.
The first is the landmark judgment in the history of the Indian Constitution, M.S.M Sharma v. Krishna Sinha. The Petitioner in the case was alleged with that he has breached the privileges of the speaker for publishing a speech which was delivered by the member. A show-cause notice was issued to the Petitioner for why action should not be taken against him.
Issue of the case: Whether the privileges under Art. 194(3) prevail over the fundamental right under Art. 19 (1)(a)? [8]
Petitioner's Contention: The action taken by the Committee and the notice sent stands in violation of his fundamental rights under Art 19 (1)(a) and Art. 21. However, since the respondent relied on the Art. 194(3), the rule of interpretation was involved as to which provision shall prevail.
Held: The Supreme Court applied the rule of harmonious construction and held that though Art. 194 (3) is subordinate to Art. 21 but Indian Constitution is the supreme law in the country and therefore, a person can be expunged from publishing the official records of the Assembly. This is not a complete prohibition on FR of that person.
Further, in the case of M. Nanavati vs. State of Bombay [9], the matter was related to the power conferred to the Governor under Art 161 and the court has to interpret the scope of Art 161 and Art 142 (1) of the constitution. In the present case, Bombay HC passed sentence against the accused. The petitioner then approached the Governor who passed a suspension order against the sentence of Bombay HC.
When the matter reached before Hon'ble Supreme Court, the court applied the rule of Harmonious Construction and held that the absolute power of granting suspension to the Governor under Art 161 becomes absolved when the matter becomes sub judice. In such situations, there is a complete scope of interference with the judicial power of the court under Art 142.
Recently in the case of Department of Customs vs Sharad Gandhi [10], the Hon'ble Supreme Court has again applied the principle of Harmonious construction to resolve the inconsistency between the Antiquities and Art Treasures Act, 1972 and Customs Act, 1962. The Bench observed the "inconsistency" found in Article 254 of Indian Constitution between laws made by Parliament and state legislatures stating: If the law made by the state is repugnant to the law made by the parliament, then law made by the parliament shall prevail to the extent of repugnance [11]. However, in the present case, the court observed that both the said act have been made by Parliament.
V. Conclusion
It is clear that there is always a possibility of ambiguity or gaps in the laws made by the legislature. To fill those gaps, Harmonious construction as a rule of interpretation of statutes plays a huge role in giving maximum effect to the statutory provisions. Today, considered as a chief tool in hands of our Judiciary, the rule helps two confronting laws work together harmoniously in delivering justice to society at large.
[1] Shankari Prasad v. Union of India, AIR (1951) SC 455.
[2] Re C.P. and Bera Act, AIR (1939) FC 1.
[3] Venkataramana Devaru v. State of Mysore, 1958 AIR 255.
[4] Justice GP Singh, Principles of Statutory Interpretation, 9th edn (2004) 131.
[5] CIT v. Hindustan Bulk Carriers (2003) 3 SCC 57.
[6] Raj Krushna Bose v. Binod Kanungo & ors, 1954 AIR 202.
[7] Representation of People Act, 1951 Section


text:
Meteor is a skill located in the Mages Guild (which can be found in the Guild skill tree). Meteor is an ultimate. Meteor is a base skill, and can be morphed into Ice Comet
or Shooting Star
Meteor deals the following types of damage: Flame Damage. Which means that it gets buffed by the following blue champion point trees: Elemental Expert, Elf Born, Master at Arms, Spell Erosion, Thaumaturge. Also the following red champion point trees protect against this skill: Elemental Defender, Iron Clad, Thick Skinned.


text:
Face Paint Step by Step Instructions
Face painting is popular at just about any children's event. Children love glitters, colours and make up!
We have a wide range of high quality, safe and non-toxic face paint. See below some design ideas and step-by-step instructions.
Download our easy to follow step by step face paint instructions:
1.Click on the link and print the instructions.
2. Get your face paint materials and let your imagination talks.
Tips to get started:
- If your design has both light and dark colours, always apply the light colours first.
- When using your brush, make sure your brush strokes are even and continuous.
- Keep your designs as simple as possible, as your subject will want to start playing right away!
- Be careful when painting near the eyes.
- Use a sponge to add a base colour or for a quicker application.
- Use a crayon to add detail and line work.
- You can mix face paints for more colours. For example, red+white will make pink.
- Colorific Facepaint is fast drying and easily washes off with water.
- For best results, simply mix in a small amount of water.


text:
Key design considerations for lifts and escalators in offices - part 3 lift design for the redevelopment of existing office buildings
Graham BarkerView bio
Part one covered lift design considerations affecting building layout and space take.
Part two covered making the right choices during lift design.
There are many key design considerations for lifts and escalators in offices which are consistent across all projects, in Part 3 we'll focus on lift design associated with the redevelopment and refurbishment of lifts and escalators in existing office buildings:
- The challenges of lift design for existing office buildings
- The importance of lift and escalator feasibility studies for existing offices
- Suitability of the existing office lift provisions
- Opportunities to increase building population density
- Escalator constraints
The challenges of lift design for existing office buildings
For new office developments, the vertical transportation design has the luxury of not being restricted by an existing structure. Instead, the key consideration is minimising the building area occupied by the lift cores and lobbies to maximise the net lettable area. Every square foot or metre given over to lift shaft is space that can't be leased to a tenant.
In an existing building, the cross-sectional area of the lift shaft is typically a restriction due to the significant structural works, and therefore costs, which would be needed to move lift shaft walls. Frequently existing building will be increased in height with the addition of extra floors, and the lift shaft extended. Similarly, lift shafts may be excavated to increase their depth, or to enable the lift to serve new basement levels.
In any case, the constraints of an existing building often increase complexity and require a slightly different approach to that applied to new build development.
The importance of lift and escalator feasibility studies for existing offices
In an existing building, the first action should be to engage a lift consultant to undertake a feasibility assessment which will identify restrictions or limitations imposed by the structure on any lift or escalator works, and determine the areas where challenges may exist complying with latest regulations and standards. In parallel with this, the lift consultant will consider the architect or developer's plans and pull all these inputs together to provide advice on realistic opportunities which will help in delivering the overall aims of the development.
The lift and escalator survey and feasibility assessment can often form part of the developer's due diligence when considering purchasing a property, with the lift consultant often surveying the existing lift provisions as part of the acquisition process providing advice on the feasibility of future vertical transportation modifications.
Some examples of challenges a lift consultant may face for existing buildings include:
- Addition of new lower floors, associated with the excavation of the lift pit
- Addition of new upper floors and extension of the lifts to serve them
- Extending existing lifts to serve what was previously the roof level to activate the roof
- Increasing the size or speed of lifts to improve the buildings lift capacity without structural modifications
- Change lifts to a machine room less arrangement to release the area previously occupied by machine room
- Assessment of options to extend the lifespan of the lift whilst minimising capital investment
- Replacement or refurbishment of aged escalators which are landlocked
The feasibility assessment will inform the developer if their plans are deliverable within the envisaged budget and programme. The long lead time and high capital costs associated with lift works can have significant impacts on the projects on-time and on-budget success if not correctly planned for from the start.
Suitability of the existing office lift provisions
In most existing office buildings, the key initial consideration regarding lifts and escalators will be the suitability of the equipment for the intended use, the remaining life span of the equipment, and any significant capital expenditure which will be needed.
Opportunities to increase building population density
Over time the way that offices are used has developed. And the theme over recent years has seen office population density increasing placing greater demand on the lift system. It is important to assess the potential for existing office buildings, and lift systems, to handle this increased building population and to ensure that lift waiting times will be acceptable. This is an area where your lift consultant can couple a lift performance measurement survey with lift traffic analysis simulation to assess the suitability or limitations of the existing equipment.
Taken to the next step, performance measurement of existing lift systems can also identify ways in which a lift system's performance can be improved – be it by tuning of the existing system, or through targeted lift modifications and upgrades to deliver enhanced lift system performance with minimal intervention or capital investment. In a recent project, performance measurement of the existing lifts identified minor adjustments which could be made to the setup of the existing lifts, delivering marked improvement in lift performance, allowing the lifts to achieve BCO compliance even though the occupancy of the building increased.
Escalators are usually inserted into a building as part of the building's construction sequence, often being installed before surrounding walls and floors.. An escalator in a need of refurbishment or replacement will need to be managed differently.
In this scenario there are generally three potential solutions:
- A complete replacement can be undertaken when the escalator can be removed and a new unit brought into the building. If the escalators are located adjacent to the building entrance, or in an atrium this replacement can be undertaken easily.. However, the further into the building an escalator is, the bigger the challenge becomes of removing it.
- Where removal is not an option, then refurbishment of the existing may be considered. The various wear components of the escalator are removed and either reconditioned or replaced with new.
- Over recent years the concept of 'in truss replacement' has been developed where the escalator internals are stripped out leaving only the structural escalator shell. Then through detailed surveying and design, a new escalator is engineered and manufactured to fit within the original structure.
Its fair to say that no two escalator projects are the same and each needs its own detailed assessment of the available options, which are a factor not only of the escalator equipment but more significantly of how the old and new escalator equipment can be brought to site.
Lift and escalator consultancy for office developments
There are many ways in which a lift consultant can help to improve the value and operation of office buildings, through the thoughtful specification of the vertical transportation equipment.
This series of blogs aimed to provide some thoughts, coupled with experience from previous projects, to assist with the reader's future building designs and the associated lift and escalator design considerations. To discuss in more detail please don't hesitate to contact the writer.


text:
A Rapid Hierarchical Radiosity Algorithm
Proceedings of SIGGRAPH 1991
This paper presents a rapid hierarchical radiosity algorithm for
illuminating scenes containing large polygonal patches. The algorithm
constructs a hierarchical representation of the form factor matrix by
adaptively subdividing patches into subpatches according to a user-supplied
error bound. The algorithm guarantees that all form factors are calculated
to the same precision, removing many common image artifacts due to
inaccurate form factors. More importantly, the algorithm decomposes the
form factor matrix into at most $O(n)$ blocks (where $n$ is the number of
elements). Previous radiosity algorithms represented the
element-to-element transport interactions with $n^2$ form factors.
Visibility algorithms are given that work well with this approach.
Standard techniques for shooting and gathering can be used with the
hierarchical representation to solve for equilibrium radiosities, but we
also discuss using a brightness-weighted error criteria, in conjunction
with multigridding, to even more rapidly progressively refine the image.
Additional information available:
Back up to papers index


text: Factors affecting viability of IVF-derived bovine blastocysts after freezing and thawing were investigated. A total of 1,101 ova matured and fertilized in vitro were cultured under 2 different conditions, 1) in TCM-199 on granulosa cell monolayers at 5% CO2 in air and 2) in synthetic oviduct fluid (SOF) medium without somatic cell support at 5% CO2, 5% O-2, 90% N-2. All blastocysts that developed from the 2 different culture systems were individually classified into 4 grades of embryo quality and were then frozen by conventional slow freezing. Developmental rates of the IVF-derived ova to blastocysts and the survival rates of the frozen-thawed blastocysts were not different between the SOF medium (16 and 49%) and the co-culture system (13 and 61%, respectively). Survival of frozen-thawed blastocysts was affected by embryo quality in both the SOF and co-culture systems (P<0.001). Blastocysts produced in vitro were also individually classified into 3 developmental stages and were then cultured for 3 d in the co-culture system with granulosa cells after freezing and thawing. There was a difference in the survival rate of frozen-thawed embryos between blastocyst developmental stages (early vs mid, P<0.05; mid vs expanded, P<0.01; early vs expanded, P<0.001). The post-thawing survival rate of blastocysts frozen at Day 7 (62%) of culture was higher compared with that of Day 8 (45%), but there was no difference in survival rate between Day 7 and 8 of culture. The results indicate that the quality and developmental stage of blastocysts are important factors influencing their survival after freezing and thawing.


text:
Our 'Have Your Say' resource aligns with levels 3 and 4 of the New Zealand Curriculum. We've also created a 'Votes for Women' resource which aligns with level 4 of the New Zealand Curriculum.
You can also download slideshows and editable PDFs that you can use to help teach these resources.
Have Your Say – New Zealand Curriculum levels 3 and 4
This resource aims to encourage your students to have their say on decisions that affect their lives.
We based this resource on civics education, which helps students engage with and take part in the democratic process.
Use this resource to promote your students' critical thinking and increase their knowledge of citizens' rights and responsibilities to contribute to and take part in decision-making.
Votes for Women – New Zealand Curriculum level 4
Use this resource to connect the suffragists' achievement to how voters engage with and take part in democracy today.


cans of food dangling in your backpack can make a lot of noise. When rushing out, all the items you carry with you can make some noise, so you need to pack light.
Suggested article: Scavenging and Salvaging Supplies Post Collapse
You have to consider light clothing and proper footwear if you travel when SHTF. In the city, you need to move quickly and you have to be as quiet as possible. Clothing that prevents movement or shoes that make noise should be avoided.
Noise, shadowing and silhouetting are your most common enemies in the city. If you travel when SHTF, you must pay attention to these three factors. It is essential as they will give away your position in no time. In the city, there are a lot of corners. Your shadow may extend around the edge of a building and draw attention.
There can be a lot of light sources from fires or other improvised means (lanterns, flashlight, etc.). This means that others will be able to see your silhouette against the light if you don't pay attention to your surroundings. Not to mention that there will be a lot of trash and you have to watch your step if you travel when SHTF. You can injure yourself, or you can make noise that will alert others.
Travel when SHTF – Reminder List:
 1. You should always know your route, regardless if it's an in or out route. Even more, you should have alternative ways if you travel when SHTF.
 2. Nighttime is more indicated if you have to travel when SHTF.
 3. If you travel when SHTF you should avoid as much population as possible. You should stay away from highways and exits.
 4. You need to have different means of travel when SHTF.
 5. If you travel when SHTF you should avoid using fire. You shouldn't make noise and you should always be on guard.
 6. Having the ability to stay hidden and to see in the dark will give you the upper hand if you travel when SHTF.
 7. Proper clothing and footwear are a must if you have to travel when SHTF. You will need movement liberty while at the same time you shouldn't make any noise.
 8. Plan your supplies to last. You should know in advance what you need to leave behind if you travel when SHTF.
Popular Survival and Preparedness resources:
Bullet Proof Home (Learn how to Safeguard your Home)
Blackout USA (Video about EMP survival and preparedness guide)
US Water Revolution (A DIY Project to Generate Clean Water Anywhere)Save
2 thoughts on "Suggestions On How To Travel When SHTF"
 1. Nice article. Many good points.
 Our plan involves taking both our trucks at a minimum, along with a travel trailer. Losing one allows us to continue with the other, with reduced capacity, of course.
 What a lot of preppers fail to consider is that some scenarios are un-survivable. Loss of transportation in an area of unrest is a huge blow. Motorized cycles are certainly better than foot for speed, but they rely on the same roads as regular BOVs, and have absolutely no sheet metal cover to potentially deflect projectiles.
 Transit through troubled areas might best be viewed as a military problem. How best to move in an escape and evade mode. Because, that's pretty much what it is.
 Leave early. If you're caught in the muck, you're just about dead.
 2. It's good to think about and to have a plan, but it depends on where you live and other factors including unfortunately..Luck..Even the best laid plans can blow up in your face..
Leave a Comment
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Moon Maid (comic) : definition of Moon Maid (comic) and synonyms of Moon Maid (comic) (English)
definition - Moon Maid (comic)
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Moon Maid (comic)
Moon Maid
Publication information
Publisher Tribune Media Services
Created by Chester Gould
Moon Maid was a major character at one period in the Dick Tracy comic strip, then drawn by its creator, Chester Gould.
Gould, hoping to keep the strip evolving and changing with the times, slowly began changing the focus of the strip from a crime drama into one whose primary focus was science fiction. Tracy had always been equipped with the latest, most up-to-date police equipment, including forensic science, but with the introduction into the strip of eccentric industrialist Diet Smith as Tracy's friend in the 1940s, Tracy began to have the assistance of devices such as the two-way wrist radio, and later the two-way wrist TV.
The logical extension of this in Gould's mind was the introduction of space travel. Smith invented the magnetic-powered Space Coupe. With the use of this vehicle, Tracy and company landed on the moon in 1964, finding there an advanced race of humanoids whose high technology meshed remarkably well with that of Smith's. The Moon race looked like Caucasian humans except for having abnormally large eyes and giraffe-like horns on their foreheads.
 Fictional character biography
Moon Maid was the daughter of the Moon's supreme ruler, a male humanoid who was always identified as "the Governor of the Moon". It is not clear whether he was democratically elected, or some form of hereditary ruler. She served as a liaison between her race and the humans. She and her family became one of the strip's primary focuses for several years.
Moon Maid eventually married Junior, the now-adult adopted son of Dick Tracy. Her father the Governor resented this marriage. Eventually, Moon Maid became pregnant by Junior. Her father was anxious that the child be born on the Moon, so as to be legally a Moon denizen. An extremely contrived plot twist put the pregnant Moon Maid, Junior, Dick Tracy and the Governor all aboard a Space Coupe when Moon Maid gave birth at precisely the midpoint in space between Earth and the Moon.
The child, a girl, was named Honey Tracy and had slightly over-large eyes, and two prominent tufts of hair on her forehead in the position corresponding to Moon Maid's horns; we are never told what lies beneath those tufts. The daughter also demonstrated a magnetic ability to attract small metal objects to her hands; this talent never played an important role in the strip.
During this period, Dick Tracy himself had many adventures on the Moon, notably solving a murder case involving a man named Purdy Fallar who kept two of his fingernails extra-long, claiming they were for harvesting the meat of giant Escargot: a race of gigantic Moon snails, prized on Earth as delicacies. In reality he used his sharpened fingernails as throat-slashing weapons.
When the impending 1969 NASA moon landing threatened to make the preceding Moon stories look silly, Gould chose to return to the material that made the Dick Tracy strip famous—Earth-bound crime. The strip made one oblique reference to the Apollo 11 landing shortly after its completion, with Diet Smith commenting about some "equipment left behind" on the Moon (in a caption above a panel showing the abandoned Lunar Module).
 Later years
After Apollo 11, Moon Maid and Honey continued to remain on Earth, as wife and daughter of Junior; all references to their selenic origin were phased out, with Honey never demonstrating her magnetic talents, and Moon Maid identified solely as "Junior's wife". Both characters continued to appear sporadically, in greatly reduced roles. Soon after Rick Fletcher and Max Collins took over the strip in 1978, Moon Maid was murdered accidentally by a man named Little Littel who was trying to kill Tracy with a car bomb while trying to collect on a million dollar open contract on Tracy's head by elderly crime lord "Big Boy" Caprice. Little would later be killed himself in an explosion when Junior Tracy goes to his shop looking for revenge on his wife's murder.
Although Honey Tracy survived—now apparently retconned to be totally human—it was understood that this moment represented the termination of the strip's Moon years.
All translations of Moon Maid (comic)
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Liquor or liqueur. What is the difference?
The question seems simple enough and, in fact, there is a relatively simple answer…. sugar.
Both liquor and liqueur contain alcohol. Liquor is a distilled spirit made from a fermented mash of either grains, vegetables or fruits and is not sweet. Gin, vodka, tequila, rum and brandy are examples of liquor.
A liqueur begins with a base spirit such as brandy or rum, is sweetened with sugar, honey, syrup or beet and often infused with fruits, herbs, spices, flowers, seeds, and even roots and barks for flavor. Liqueurs generally have short aging periods (ie, they're ready to drink quite quickly), but may have resting periods during their production to allow flavors to blend. Examples of liqueurs are Chambord, Grand Marnier, Amaretto, creme de menthe, triple sec and Frangelico.
Points of interest:
- Liqueurs are generally thought to be descendants of herbal medicines often made by monks as early as the 13th century (Chartreuse, Benedictine). However, as early as 800 BC the Chinese were using crude distillation methods to produce fortified spirits from fermented rice wine, and Egyptians and Greeks were distilling grape wine in 400 BC that they sweetened with honey. So it's more likely that the brothers of yore simply introduced the art to Europe.
- In the USA, liqueur is generally pronounced lick-coor. Elsewhere the pronunciation is lik-yur.
- Liqueurs must contain at least 2.5% sugar by weight, though some have thirty five percent or more, to distinguish them from spirits. Creme liqueurs must have 40% sugar content.
- The term creme, when applied to a liqueur, refers to one flavor, not to any milk product. For instance, creme de menthe is flavored only with mint, creme de cacao with chocolate bean.
- Liqueurs may also contain dairy products, in which case they become cream liqueurs (not creme).
- Most liqueurs have a lower alcohol content than liquor, though that is not always the case.
- The term cordial is generally synonymous with the word liqueur although in Europe cordial can also refer to a sweet, non-alcoholic syrup such as Rose's lime juice cordial. Another, little-used term is ratafia.
Of course, we have to have a slight complication to throw in to the mix. Now-a-days there are many flavored liquors: vanilla vodka, saffron gin, for instance. These are not sweetened and the flavor is generally added by a steeping process after distillation.
OK, now you have all the information you need to confidently distinguish between a liquor or liqueur. So go out and use it.
Pick up some more hints – watch the video.


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School of Education Quick Links
UCI Quick Links
Education Sciences majors engage in an interdisciplinary exploration of the field of education beyond classroom teaching and student learning. The major in Education Sciences provides a foundation for the study of education, focused on four domains:
Students in the major have the option of completing up to two specializations:
With advanced planning, students in the major can complete a minor or second major in another discipline.
A 2015 Forbes study identified Education as the most popular vocational field for recent university graduates. Here a few career options for Education Sciences majors:


Clothed male, naked female
CMNF, or Clothed Male(s), Naked (or Nude) Female(s) is a term for a paraphilia involving one or more nude women and one or more clothed men. It is generally used as a label for pictorial erotica or pornography, or a sexual fantasy depicting such a scenario; however, CMNF gatherings of men and women interested in this type of erotic pursuit do occur as well. CMNF is also a type of sexual objectification of women by men.
The general category of "CMNF" is fairly broad, encompassing several different types of scenario. The most common subdivisions of the genre involve either an activity under the rubric of male domination, exhibitionism or entertainment; combination of all categories is somewhat rare, although several web sites cater to the subgenres separately.
Also striptease is a form of CMNF since the vast majority of visitors to strip clubs is male, whereas the strippers are female.
The stereotype of the damsel in distress was also portrayed in the 19th century as an CMNF scenario: the powerful knight in his armour comes to rescue the naked, helpless female.
One-sided nudity in art is a topic that has been popular for a long time; e.g. many 19th century paintings of slavery and odalisques depict nude women, fulfilling voyeuristic phantasies of mostly male audiences.
The topic of one-sided female nudity is featured in the book "Topping from Below" by Laura Reese. The journalist Nora Tibbs investigates the death of her sister Franny. She meets the boy-friend of Franny, "M.", a music professor, and becomes his new girl-friend. He forces her to be nude all the time when she is in his house. Her one-sided nudity is one of many tokens of her submission to him.
See also
This article is based on "Clothed male, naked female" from the free encyclopedia Wikipedia ( It is licensed under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation Licencse. In the Wikipedia you can find a list of the authors by visiting the following address:


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can also group the tools to create a tool GigaStream. You can apply egress filters in tool ports. Refer to the Egress Filters section for more details.
- Sources: Displays the configured ports. You can edit the ports and create port groups from sources. Do not use fan out port as source port in policy.
- Filters: Displays the available filters. You can create a new template from the Filters option. Starting in software version 5.9, you can use advanced filters for creating the filter rules.
- Packet Transformations: Displays the supported packet transformation options. You can also create a template with the required Packet Transformation option.
- Visualize: You can select multiple policies and click Visualize to compare the policies.
Note: You can create policies by navigating to Actions > Create Policy from all of the tabs listed above. You can view the health status of the ports, tools and policies when creating the policy.
You must have the following licenses:
|GigaSMART Packet Slicing
|GigaSMART Header Addition
|GigaSMART Header Stripping
Refer to the Rules and Notes for Orchestrated Configurations section before creating the policy.
To create orchestrated policies:
- On the left navigation pane, click on and under Physical > Orchestrated Flows> Out-of-Band Flows.
- Click Create Policy. The Create Policy wizard is displayed. You can specify a name for the policy.
- Select Sources to select the available source ports or port groups.
- Click Select Tools to select the required tool ports (port type: tool port or hybrid). You cannot select a port that is already used. You can also associate a new tool using the Create New Tool option.
- Create the policy with the required rules. You can define the required filters and criterion in the rule.
- If you have configured multiple filters in a rule, then the traffic will be filtered only if all the filter rules are true.
- If you have configured multiple criterion in a rule, then the traffic will be filtered even if one of the criteria is true.
- Select the required packet transformation option. You can combine multiple packet transformation options with in a single rule. The GigaSMART packet transformation operations are performed in parallel.
- Click on the edit option next to the Processing Engine option to select the required GigaSMART engine ports for your rule. If you do not select the engine ports, then they will be automatically selected.
- For policies created based on multicluster topology, you must manually select the engine ports, as automatic allocation is not supported.
- For policies created based on single cluster topology, automatic allocation of engine ports is supported. However, only engine ports that have not been already used will be allocated.
- Enable the Prioritize Rules check box to create priority-based policy.
- Click the Tags option to associate the policy to tags. Refer to Tagging and RBAC Support section for more details.
- Click Validate to validate the policy. You can either:
- Click Save to save the policy. You can deploy the saved policies later.
- Click Deploy to deploy the policy.
Note: You can configure the sources, tools and policies in any sequence you want.
Note: If a port (port type: network or hybrid) is already used as a source port in any of the following standard GigaVUE‑FM configurations, then those ports will not be listed in the drop-down:
|5G CUPS solution
However, you can view all the ports in the Ports page.
Note: You can select Drop to drop the packets without selecting the tools. Refer to the Drop Rules section for details related to drop rules.
Note: You can create a policy with multiple rules. With in each rule, you can configure multiple criteria and multiple filters and use them together with the packet transformation options.
Note: Engine ports that have not been used in standard GigaSMART operations will only be available for selection. You cannot edit or delete an engine once a policy is deployed. However, you can remove the packet transformation and add the packet transformation option with a different engine.
Note: Use the Everything Else option to configure the shared collector. Refer to the GigaVUE Fabric Management Guide for details on Shared Collector.
The policy thus created is listed together with the list of policies. You can edit, delete, deploy and undeploy a policy, as required.
Tagging and RBAC Support
Role Based Access Control (RBAC) in GigaVUE-FM controls the access privileges of users and restricts users from either modifying or viewing unauthorized data. In Orchestrated Configurations, RBAC controls the accessibility of the users to the policies based on the tags. Tags can be either RBAC tags or aggregation tags. Multiple tags can be assigned to policies and rules.
Note: RBAC tags are supported only at the policy level. The orchestration wizard allows RBAC tags to be applied at the rule level as well, though it is not supported in this release.
To associate policies to tags:
- Click the Tags option at the policy level. You can associate tags either at the time of creating a policy or edit an existing policy.
- Select the required tag keys and tag values.
- Click Save.
Note: The tag key and the associated tag values must be created in advance in GigaVUEFM. Refer to the "Tags" and "Role Based Access Control" sections in the GigaVUE Administration Guide for more details
Once you associate the policy to a tag, only users with fm_super_admin role or users with read/write access to the Traffic Control Management category can access the policies.
You can use the Drop option in the 'Create Policy' wizard as the destination to drop a packet. For a drop rule to pass a packet, it must be used together with a pass rule or with the 'Everything Else' rule, such that the packets that do not match the drop criteria will be forwarded to the tools.
In orchestrated configurations, there are no rule priorities for pass rules. However, the following is the order of priority for prioritized and unprioritized drop rules together with the pass rules:
- Prioritized drop rules
- Pass rules
- Unprioritized drop rules
- Default collector
A drop rule, by default, has lower priority than the pass rule and higher priority than 'Everything else'. Therefore, a drop rule will drop the traffic before the traffic gets passed to the destination of the 'Everything Else' rule. However, a prioritized drop rule has the highest priority amongst all the rules in a policy and will drop matching traffic before any other policy rule can process that traffic.
Consider a scenario in which the intent is to drop packets with VLAN 101 and pass packets with IP version 4. Based on the default settings, if there is only IPv4 traffic on the source side, packets with VLAN Id 101 will not be dropped because pass rule has higher priority than the drop rule. To choose 'Drop' as high priority within the policy, you must prioritize the drop rule by checking the 'Prioritize Rule' option.
Note: To prioritize the drop rules in deployed policies, you must first undeploy the policy.
Starting in software version 5.11.00, you can import and export an orchestrated policy in YAML format. This allows you to bulk deploy the policies.
The following are the advantages of importing and exporting policies:
- Retrieve a policy that was deleted unintentionally.
- Deploy the policy in another device.
- Re-deploy a policy in the device after GigaVUE-FM is upgraded to a new version (in case of issues in the existing solution).
The YAML file contains the following information:
- Packet Transformation
The below is the Import and Export Policy sample template of a YAML file. You can use the following sample template as a reference while building a policy in YAML format.
- :
-
- ruleName:
- type: ipSrc
-
-
- type: portSrc
- type: ipVer
- type: dedup
# it is practical to have all the tool bindings separate from the policy body in order to leave the policy body as an abstract policy template
- toolName: Tool1
# in the future we may have also metadata receivers
- type: port
# possibly more tool bindings...
- sourceName: ChicagoServers
# in the future we will have various types including types that reflect tunnelling arrangements
- type: port
- criteriaName: CriteriaWithBinding
- type: ipDest
-
-
- type: port
Rules and Notes
Refer to the following rules and notes:
- You can export policies that either deployed or undeployed. However, when you import a policy, it will be in undeployed status. You must manually deploy the imported policy.
- You cannot import or export the egress port filters in a policy. You must manually apply them.
- When you export a policy that has GigaStream, port groups and other such groups, you must ensure that those groupings exist when you import the same policy. This also applies to tools that were created through the tool wizard.
- Port types involved in a policy that is exported must not be changed when trying to import the same policy.
- If templates were used to create a policy that was exported, then those templates must remain when importing a policy.
- You can import and export several policies in one operation.
Import and Export Orchestrated Configuration
To export a policy:
- In the Policies page, select the policy that must be exported.
- Select Actions and click Export Policy. The policy is downloaded as an YAML file.
- Save the


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This is a common task. We have a list of dates and we want to get the corresponding weekdays. We can use the WEEKDAY() function to get it and the result will be like this:
On column A we have our dates and on column B, using the WEEKDAY() function we get the number corresponding to the weekday. But this is not a good way of displaying the weekday, we would like it to display it as the name of the weekday, not a number, right? There are numerous ways that we can change that. I'm going to show you two of them.
The first, and simplest way, is to format column B with a custom format. For that, just select the values on column B and right-click to select Format Cells and on the Number tab, choose the Custom Category and insert Type as dddd. This will give the names of the weekdays like "Sunday". If you insert a type ddd it will show you the names like "Sun".
This is how it will look like after the formatting:
Another way you could do this is using the CHOOSE() function with a formula like this on cell B2 and then copy down:
The result will be the same. This last method is just to show you that there are lots of ways of doing the same thing in Excel.


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Cultural Landscape Report
Garfield Park is a valued, irreplaceable historic public park serving the Indianapolis community as both a city and neighborhood park. The park is a significant cultural landscape recognized for its history, its design influence, and its place in the Indianapolis parks and boulevards system. Heritage Landscapes was commissioned by the Friends of Garfield Park (FOGP) to develop a cultural landscape report investigating the history, chronology, existing conditions and use of the Garfield Park landscape and to recommend a preservation approach that respects its heritage while accommodating current and future directions. Garfield Park stands as a testimony of over a century of use, support and patronage by the neighborhood and the Indianapolis community. This Garfield Park Cultural Landscape Report honors that legacy while it seeks to insure the vibrancy and value of this important park into the future.
To preserve the future of the park FOGP championed the creation of the Garfield Park Cultural Landscape Preservation and Renewal Plan. Created in 2004 and 2005, The Cultural Landscape Plan was funded through grants of $25,000 from the Efroymson Fund of the Central Indiana Community Foundation, $5,000 from Marion County Historic Preservation Fund and $22,500 each from Friends of Garfield Park and Indy Parks.
This project, which celebrates the concepts and designs of George Kessler, was guided to completion by Patricia O'Donnell, ASLA, of Heritage Landscapes, which specializes in preservation planning and implementation for cultural landscapes. The plan will serve as a guide to future development and programs at the park such as:
- Educational materials, such as those included in the Historic Garfield Park Tour
- Fundraising campaigns to preserve and maintain the Bean Creek Bridge and the 100 year old Fountains
- Efforts leading to the designation on the National Registry of Historic Places
- Landscape renovations and restoration, including tree plantings, streets, pathways and other elements


Monthly Archives
September 2017
2017 AGM – and the new Cathedral organ
By | Uncategorized
Andrew Moyes (above), Managing Director of Nicholson & Co., UK, gave a fascinating presentation on Holy Trinity's new organ at our recent AGM.
Nicholson & Co. was founded in 1841 (same as Parnell!!). The founder, John Nicholson, died in 1895 and Andrew is the seventh Managing Director in 175 years. Nicholson & Co. is one of three firms in the UK capable of building large organs of the scale of Holy Trinity's.
How do they design and build such a large organ? It is rare to have the opportunity to design a brand-new cathedral organ. On the strength of their organ design for the Llandaff Cathedral in Wales, they were invited to Auckland in 2012 to give a proposal for the new organ. Andrew accompanied by their Tonal Director, who designs specifically for the acoustics, came out. Originally there was a bridge in the cathedral which broke the building into two parts. So, Andrew saw a great opportunity for the organ to be built in the space where the bridge was, a perfect space in the middle of the building.
Organ builders have two criteria:
 - it is a musical instrument so sound is paramount
 - it is a huge piece of furniture so how it looks is very important.
If the organ is put in a chamber, it cannot be heard properly. So, the pipes need to be in a position where the congregation can see them and receive the high frequencies of sound, from the smaller pipes, clearly. The big pipes (32' long) give low frequency sound which will spread well everywhere and thus may be hidden. In the Holy Trinity these two aspects came together very well with excellent acoustics and visuals.
The original organ in the cathedral was placed where it was difficult to be heard and hence needed to 'shout' which was not good, ie it had to be played with more force and would lose the finer nuances. They employed a Frenchman, Didier Grassin, who worked for an American organ building company, and he came up with a very ingenious design without visiting the building placing the organ where the two parts of the building collide: the more austere 1930's design and the Maori-inspired nave. This has changed completely the cathedral's interior.
How is the organ built? It took 20 months to build. It was so large it would not fit into the factory so was built in three sections and only came together in Auckland. It took 6 months to install, two teams of four men in 6 week relays. The final installation took place at the beginning of 2017 and it was finished at Easter.
What are the components of the organ? There are 5,432 pipes ranging from the biggest at 32' long to the smallest that is the size of one's little finger. The biggest pipe is made of wood and weighs two-thirds of a tonne and is built in three sections. This organ is the biggest to have been built in the UK for 63 years. The organ weighs 40 tonnes. It was packed into seven 40' containers which were loaded into the ex-refrigerator holds of the ships to give extra protection.
There are two consoles, where the organist sits, one on top of the transept and the other is a mobile console that can be wheeled around. The connection from the consoles to the pipes is digital. The sound itself is air blown through the pipes. The air is generated by six electric blowers.
The Holy Trinity organ is the largest musical instrument in New Zealand and the largest organ in Australasia. Why is it so big? This is due to the acoustic space and to give a large tonal palette. The bigger the organ the greater the variety of tonality. The Auckland organ is very versatile and has an enormous repertoire of performance potential.


GEM Report team launched a new website on SDG 4
UNESCO Global Education Monitoring Report team (GEM) has launched a new website, called Education Progress. The portal compiles data from various data sources that help examine the progress made towards SDG 4. It provides extensive possibilities for visualization and comparison of progress that each country has reached in five key areas related to education: access, equity, learning, quality, finance. This resource significantly facilitates examining the achievements of different countries on their way to better education.


Black Granite Stains
Malicious Stone Doctoring
Do you have black granite stains, ghost marks or white rings? Should black granite change over time? Below is a quick Q&A on the possible causes and solutions.
What Is Malicious Stone Doctoring?
Temporarily altering the look of the stone without telling you. Making a gray stone black. Taking a black stone with a few imperfections or color variations and dying it a solid black.
Black Granite Stains
Why Are Stones Doctored?
Sometimes stones are maliciously doctored to obtain a higher price. Sometimes they are doctored to make them look like a more expensive stone but are sold for less.
Altering the color of a stone without telling you is most common with the black granites. The blacker the stone the higher the price.
How Is It Done?
An industrial oil or a shiny black wax is applied to the surface of a gray stone to make it appear blacker or darker. On other stones, a topical paint might be applied to change the color of the stone.
What Happens?
Over time the doctoring agent wears off leaving rings or marks lighter than your stone.
These marks or rings look like black granite stains.
How Do I Know If A Stone Has Been Maliciously Doctored?
Test The Stone Before Buying It:
Resined Slab
 1. Try the Lemon Juice Test.
 2. Wet the unpolished side of the stone. What color is it?
 3. Look at the edge of the slab before it is fabricated. The edges of a doctored stone will look like a varnish was carelessly applied.
 NOTE: The edges of a resined stone also look like this. Resining is a good thing but MOST high quality black granites are not resined.
After Installation:
Remember that a true stain is always darker than the stained material. A true stain is NEVER lighter than material that is supposedly stained. If the area in question is lighter than the rest of the stone it is either:
 - Surface Damage - Etching. Your stone is sensitive to acids.
 - Doctored - Your stone is dyed.
Does Granite Etch?
MOST granites do not etch but some do!
How Can I Tell If My Stone's Been Doctored Or If It's Etched?
Look at the gloss of the stone where the MYSTERY MARK is. Still shiny? Etches are dull.
What If My Stone Is Doctored?
 1. If you were unaware of the doctoring and you paid for a different stone than was installed, have the fabricator replace it with the correct stone. OR,
 2. Remove all of the doctoring agent and live with the color.
How Do I Avoid Buying A Doctored Stone? Lemon Juice Test
 - Test the slab you plan to buy. Lemon Juice Test.
 - Have the fabricator put in writing that the stone has no artificial colors or temporary dyes applied.
Will My Fabricator Knowingly Install A Dyed Stone?
MOST fabricators will not knowingly install a dyed stone.
"If doctoring produces a permanent result and it's disclosed to you, theres nothing wrong with it.
If the doctoring produces a temporary result and you are unaware of it, that is deceptive".
Maurizio Bertoli
You'll find More hints & tips on:
Care For Granite Black Granite Stains Etched Marble Black Granite
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