pet products
parakeet in a nest box
Do Parakeets need a nest box? ( Rest, Sleep, Breeding )
If you're preparing to get a pet parakeet, you may be pondering over whether or not your parakeet needs a nest or nest box. Knowing what to buy and what not to buy for a new pet, especially a pet that is not as common as a cat or a dog, can be perplexing.
The question is, does a domestic parakeet that has all the comforts of life provided by a human caretaker really need a nest? Do they sleep in one, breed in one?
Parakeets need a nest for breeding, resting, and privacy. Domestic parakeets do not build nests, so one will need to be provided for them in captivity. In the wild parakeets will use hollow trees and other places to rest. Breeding parakeets need a special nesting box, a place where they can lay eggs and protect them.
What kind of nest does a parakeet need?
In the wild, the majority of parakeets build their nests in holes in trees. However, the Monk Parakeet builds a bulky stick nest in the branches of a tree, for sleeping in and for raising its young.
In captivity, nothing this elaborate—or traditionally nest-y—is necessary. Parakeets are low maintenance birds and do not require a conventional nest; they simply need somewhere for privacy and rest.
Your parakeet will be happy with a small enclosure inside its cage that it can go inside, be unseen, and get some sleep. An excellent choice is a small hut with a soft sleeping mat inside.
wild parakeet nesting
What does a pet Parakeet need besides a nest?
First, the bigger the parakeet cage, the better. Opt for the largest enclosure in your budget and that you have space for in your home. The cage should be no smaller than 18" x 18" x 24" and should have several perches for your parakeet to stand on.
We like the Prevue Hendryx Cage from Amazon ( Link )
Line the aviary with bedding made of recycled paper, or you can use a specific cage liner. Replace the lining no less than every other day; parakeets despise an untidy living environment.
Place your parakeet's cage below eye level and away from the kitchen and any windows. Parakeets have a sensitivity to smoke and strong odors, so they should be kept safely away from anywhere they could be exposed to such irritants. A nest box is another way to escape the bright light or sunshine.
Your parakeet also needs food, water, and toys in their cage.
A parakeet should eat a balanced diet of pellets, bird seed blend, fresh fruits and vegetables, treats, and plenty of water, which should be changed every day.
The types of toys parakeets enjoy playing with are bells, chew toys, puzzles, creative/fun perches, ladders, and swings.
A cuttlebone is also something important for a parakeet to have in their cage. Parakeets use cuttlebones to smooth their growing beak, almost like a nail file for humans. It also provides nutrients that are otherwise difficult for your parakeet to get in their diet.
Some people have concerns about letting their parakeets have cuttlebones, but it's a 100% natural product; it's the endoskeleton, or inner bone, of a cuttlefish. The Humane Society has ruled that it is entirely safe for parakeets to have cuttlebones.
Parakeets Sleeping Habits
In captivity, parakeets typically sleep on the same schedule as their caretakers and nap during the day, much like cats or dogs. However, parakeets are a bit finicky over sleeping conditions, and there are a few things that will affect the quality of a parakeet's sleep:
 - Parakeets don't like total darkness—Either get them a night light or don't cover their cage completely at night.
 - Parakeets scare easily by loud noises—Make sure they have somewhere quiet to rest and try not to make loud, abrupt sounds while they're sleeping.
 - Parakeets do not like messy cages—Clean their cage regularly, or you will get some sass from your parakeet.
 - Parakeets do not like it too cold or too hot—Keep the temperature in their cage environment from 70°-80°F.
Other than that, it's quite simple, parakeets like a quiet, private, warm place to cuddle up and sleep. As long as you've provided a comfortable nest for your parakeet and you make sure that it has prime sleeping conditions, your parakeet should rest easily.
You should make sure that your parakeet gets enough rest (9-12 hours per day) because it will get cranky if it doesn't. A soft sleeping nest like the Keeris Soft nest box on Amazon will provide a safe, warm, and dark place to rest or sleep.
parakeet in a nest
Do you need a nest or nest box to breed Parakeets?
Yes, parakeets can breed in captivity. It's not very difficult. Under the optimal conditions, parakeets will breed with little encouragement from their caretakers.
Two parakeets of the opposite sex in a cage together will typically pair up, but if it does not happen right away, give it a few days before intervening.
Some pairs of parakeets chosen to mate will fail to bond after having been stuck in a cage together. It's common for a fail-bond pair to be defensive and hostile towards one another. In this case, take a step back and reconsider your matchmaking. Re-pair your parakeets and try again.
Breeding Season
The parakeet mating season is during the wet spring season and the summer. Still, parakeets in the northern United States breed during the entire year. However, they do need daylight hours to trigger the mating instinct.
Breeding Age
Parakeets mature to breeding age at around six months, but you shouldn't breed them until at least ten months. You should not breed a parakeet at six months because they aren't ready to be good parents just because they have reached physical maturity; they still have brain development to finish, and they need to reach mental maturity, which doesn't happen until at least ten months.
Nesting Requirements
A parakeet breeding cage's dimensions should be no less than 25" x 15" x 15". The breeding pair should be in this cage alone, away from all the other parakeets. The breeding cage should have all of the cage amenities detailed in the sections above, plus a nesting box, which you should affix to the side of the cage.
Just as with nests, in the wild, parakeets breed in holes in trees. For successful breeding in captivity, you need to simulate a hole in a tree—nesting boxes made of wood with holes for the parakeets to enter and exit work perfectly for this.
PINVNBY Parakeet Nest Box Bird House Budgie Wood Breeding Box for Lovebirds, Parrotlets Mating Box (M: inch)
 in stock
as of August 5, 2021 08:18
You should line the inside of the nesting box with something for the female to lay her eggs on, such as soft nesting material.
Some parakeets won't use the nesting box and will lay eggs on the floor of their cage. You can teach your parakeet to use the nesting box by placing her eggs inside the nesting box to show her that's where she should lay her eggs in the future.
Parakeet Nesting Behaviors
When your parakeet becomes a parent, its behavior will likely change. Like any parent in the animal kingdom, parakeets experience the natural instinct to protect their young. Hormones that parakeets begin to release when protecting their eggs cause them to display increased aggression rather commonly.
You should avoid handling your parakeet during this stage of early parenthood. Over time, the hormones will subside. Your parakeet will return to the personality it had before becoming a parent; it may even allow you to play with its babies.
Final Thoughts
A nest is a place where your parakeet can feel safe and secure. They will not build one so remember to buy a suitable nest box or build one yourself if you want you parakeet to relax and enjoy their home.


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About the Debug URL
When you encounter an issue requiring support, you will be asked to provide a URL to access your solution and instance. The Debug URL will produce a URL that you can send to support that will allow them to access your solution without having to request access.
You can revoke access anytime under My Connections.
There are several ways to access the Debug URL link:
- In the Composer UI under Tools & Settings you will see the Debug URL option.
- A Debug URL link also appears in error messages.
- You can also copy the URL from the address bar of the browser after launching a Composer solution (recommended for Composer Release 7)
When you click, Conga Composer presents a prompt asking for access.
If you allow:
- The system will get a refresh token from Salesforce to allow access. (The Debug URL uses Salesforce OAuth security.)
- There are no time limits to how long support can access the solution for troubleshooting.
- Salesforce session timeout settings will not affect access.
- You do not have to remain logged into Salesforce in order for the URL session to remain accessible.
- You can revoke the access whenever you want via Connections under:
If you deny:
- The URL is generated using the session ID.
- The session will be revoked based on your Salesforce session timeout settings.
- Once you log out of that session the URL will cease to work.
- The URL is not as secure as using the Refresh token.
Generate a Debug URL (Composer Version 8)
In the Composer window, click, and then click.
Composer presents a prompt asking for access.
Click to generate a refresh token from Salesforce to allow access. This allows for troubleshooting without time limits. You can revoke this token after your support session.
Or Click to generate the URL using a session ID. This allows for troubleshooting until the current session expires or you log out.
Copy the contents of the Debug Url window.
This can then be pasted into the support form or emailed to your support representative.
Generate a Debug URL (Composer Version 7)
- Click the Launch button.
- The Conga Composer user interface will now display in a new browser tab.
Note: if you have enabled background mode (&DS7), you will need to disable it (&DS7=0) in order to reach the Composer user interface.
- Click on the browser URL, highlight the entire URL, and copy it.
The URL you copied from the Composer user interface is the debug URL; it should look something like this:

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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Introduction: How to Make a Battery Out of Mud
While trying to make a microbial fuel cell apparently I stumbled upon how to make an Earth battery, which is something whose existence I really had no clue about until I made one. While the current it generates is pretty much non-existent I've found that several of these in series are capable of dimly lighting a 3 volt LED for weeks, which I still think is pretty good for what amounts to a jar of mud.
To make this "mud battery" you'll need:
An Empty Container
Insulated Copper Wire
At Least 5 cm of Graphite (taken from a pencil)
A Digital Multimeter
A Hand Shovel
Step 1: Obtain and Insert the Dirt
For this step, just go outside and find a spot where you can dig up some dirt. Though I've yet to experiment with how various types of dirt affect the mud battery's function, I've found while making the some dozen cells I've tried that the blackish-brown sort of topsoil pictured works well. If I had to guess, I'd say the dirt I use is towards the "loamy" side of things because it retains water well without holding it up so much that it prevents the diffusion of ions between the electrodes
Besides finding the right kind of soil to use, this step really is easy as just filling up your container with dirt.
Step 2: Prepare the Anode
To prepare the anode strip a piece of wire such that one end has a little bit of copper exposed (~2 cm) while the other has significantly more copper exposed (~4 cm). Now take a piece of aluminum foil and wrap it around the long end of the wire so as to form a sort of "pin" of aluminum foil. Once finished stick the anode into the dirt.
Step 3: Prepare the Cathode
Preparing the cathode is simple: cut second piece of wire, strip about 2 cm of insulation from one side, strip about 4 cm of insulation from the other, and then wrap the exposed wire from the 4 cm end around one of the ends of the piece of graphite. Once this is all done, just stick the end of the graphite that doesn't have copper wire wrapped around it into the dirt within your mud battery.
Step 4: Turn the Dirt Into Mud and Then Wait
At this point I usually test the battery to see if an electric potential exists within it using my digital multimeter. Though the voltage usually wavers a bit, all of the mud batteries that I've made with this method at this point have displayed a voltage that hovered around a point between 0.3-0.6 volts +/-0.09.
Now feel free to correct me if I'm wrong on this, but I've found that even though the battery does (or at least should) generate an electric potential, wiring several of these devices together in series in an attempt to get at least a little function from them provides a far lower voltage than would be expected due to (what I'm assuming is) the high resistance posed by each battery in the series.
Though I knew from I've found, however, that moistening the dirt until it becomes mud greatly ameliorates this situation, as mud cells (in comparison to dirt cells) not only boast higher voltages (0.8-1.0 volts) but also seem to fair far better when wired into a series.
This step is pretty much as easy as it sounds: just add water (tap water works) to your mud battery until the soil within it is completely saturated with water.
The benefits of mud over dirt in this battery aren't immediately presented; to see the increased voltage one must allow the battery to incubate overnight. While I don't really know exactly why it has to incubate over night to work (I initially thought that it was because the voltage was generated by microbial activity and that the increase in voltage following incubation was due to microbial colonization of the anode), if I had to guess I'd say that the incubation is likely necessary because it takes time for the water to dissolve some of the salts within the soil into solution.
People to Thank
In closing I'd kind of like to thank egbertfitzwilly because I gleaned a lot of what I know of homemade electrodes from reading his instructables and HarveyH44 and Kiteman because they pointed out why what I thought I made (a microbial fuel cell) wasn't what I actually made and showed me what it was I actually concocted (an Earth battery).
We have a be nice policy.
Please be positive and constructive.
What is length breadth and width of aluminum foil and copper wire


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Definition of Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty
Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty: A type of operation designed to tighten up flabby tissues and enlarge the upper air passages. The operation involves reshaping the uvula (uvulo-), soft palate (-palato-) and throat (-pharyngo-).
The uvula is a small piece of soft tissue that can be seen dangling down from the soft palate over the back of the tongue. The uvula is described variously shaped like a U, a tear or a grape. (Its name comes from the Latin word for "grape," uva.) The uvula has its own little muscle, the musculus uvuae, to help it stiffen and change shape, so it helps fill in the space at the back of the throat. It helps keep food from going down the wrong way down the breathing passage when one swallows. Singers credit the uvula with letting them produce a vibrato, a wavy up-and-down sound.
The uvula is one of the soft-tissue structures commonly blamed for snoring and for sleep apnea (a break in breathing during sleep). Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty is a treatment for these conditions.Source: MedTerms™ Medical Dictionary
Last Editorial Review: 6/14/2012
Find out what women really need.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Configure F5 BIG-IP for DirectAccess NLS
Recently I wrote about the Network Location Server (NLS) and its importance for DirectAccess deployments. As I described previously, the NLS is nothing more than a web server with an SSL certificate installed. It should also be made highly available to prevent potential service disruption caused by planned or unplanned NLS server downtime. Any web server can serve as the NLS. In addition, if you have the F5 BIG-IP Local Traffic Manager (LTM) in your environment, you can easily configure the LTM to serve as the NLS.
To accomplish this, import the SSL certificate for the NLS and create an SSL client profile using its certificate and private key. Next, create a new iRule that contains the following code.
HTTP::respond 200
Configure F5 BGIP for DirectAccess NLS
Finally, create a new virtual server listening on TCP port 443 and assign this iRule as a resource for the virtual server. Once NLS reachability has been verified, update the DirectAccess configuration using the Remote Access Management console or the Set-DANetworkLocationServer PowerShell cmdlet.
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Definition of Coffins
1. Noun. (plural of coffin) ¹
2. Verb. (third-person singular of coffin) ¹
¹ Source: wiktionary.com
Definition of Coffins
1. coffin [v] - See also: coffin
Click the following link to bring up a new window with an automated collection of images related to the term: Coffins Images
Lexicographical Neighbors of Coffins
Literary usage of Coffins
Below you will find example usage of this term as found in modern and/or classical literature:
1. Nippur Or Explorations A. Adventures on the Euphrates: Narrative of the by John Punnett Peters (1897)
"coffins AND BURIAL CUSTOMS. Greek Influence—Clay coffins—The Slipper Shape—Burial in Jars—Tub and Bowl coffins—Double Urns—Arabian Graves—Dates of Burials—..."
2. The Tomb of Senebtisi at Lisht by Arthur C. Mace, Herbert Eustis Winlock (1916)
"Just as a mummy with a mask might have an actual bead collar sewn on its breast, the coffins had one inlaid or painted there; and as the mummy might wear a..."
3. London by Charles Knight (1843)
"if he suspects it was coffins, he replies, " I cannot say, because the window was blocked up and the door fastened, and I could not see...."
4. Naukratis by William Matthew Flinders Petrie (1888)
"(26) From the third material that was used for coffins, wood,... The coffins themselves were probably of the same shape as one in the Bulak Museum,..."
5. Old Church Lore by William Andrews (1891)
"Concerning coffins. [JHE use of the coffin may be traced back to a remote... Marble and stone were largely used by the Romans, but many lead coffins have..."
6. The Annual Register, Or, A View of the History, Politics, and Literature for by Edmund Burke, Benjamin Franklin Collection (Library of Congress), John Davis Batchelder Collection (Library of Congress) (1793)
"Of Hie coffins anciently ufed, and tie method of embalming... people have their coffins. If the relations cannot afford them,..."
7. Transactions of the Royal Society of Literature of the United Kingdom by Royal Society of Literature (Great Britain) (1874)
"Ten of the coffins were left in Egypt, but the mummies, with other coffins, the best of the find, were presented by Ismail Pasha, the Viceroy, to the Prince..."


Setting the Title of the Command Prompt Window
I was wondering how you change the title of the Command Prompt window. A little searching found that Scott Hanselman had answered this question here. All you have to do is type:
and press Enter to change the title of your Command Prompt window. It should look like the following:
Command Prompt
Note that if you are running Console2 to host your command prompt window, it works just fine.
Finally, if you want to do the same thing in PowerShell, just execute the following command:
Note that you have to have the quotes around the text to which the title should be set; they may be single or double quotes.
PowerShell Prompt
This post was migrated from


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The article shows the activities of Polish archaeological services and Polish-Ukrainian relations in archaeolgy in eastern Little Poland and Volhynia (today western Ukraine) in the years _PHONE_. The Second Polish Republic created new organizational structures for protection of archaeological remains. In 1920 the State Board of Inspectors of Prehistoric Remains was formed. In 1928 its responsibilities were taken over by the State Archaeological Museum in Warsaw (PMA). The PMA was the largest and most important archaeological institution in Poland at the years _PHONE_, with a wide range of responsibilities. After the Second World War, archaeologists at the PMA studied most of the material from western Ukraine which was to be found in the Museum's collection.
Financed by the National Centre for Research and Development under grant No. SP/I/1/77065/10 by the strategic scientific research and experimental development program:
SYNAT - "Interdisciplinary System for Interactive Scientific and Scientific-Technical Information".


Mathematical English Usage - a Dictionary
by Jerzy Trzeciak
[see also: apart from, besides
for all n except a finite number
for no x except the unique solution of......
[Note the difference between besides, except and apart from: besides usually "adds'' something, except "subtracts'', and apart from can be used in both senses; after no, nothing etc., all three can be used.]
Then G is differentiable except for a jump at x=0.
Except for these two lemmas, we make no use of the results of [4].
That is---except the use of relaxed controls---precisely the stochastic Bellman equation.
Then F is invertible except possibly on an at most countable set.
Thus, F is invertible except where x=0.
Hence F is invertible except at countably many points.
The desingularization of f is X except when Q and Q' have a common factor, in which case......
We have not required f to be......, and we shall not do so except when explicitly stated.
 The trivial cases when the family consists of only one set are excepted.
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Setting time, tempo, meter, key, and chord
Pro Tools 8 Essential Training
with David Franz
Video: Setting time, tempo, meter, key, and chord
Setting time, tempo, meter, key, and chord provides you with in-depth training on Audio + Music. Taught by David Franz as part of the Pro Tools 8 Essential Training
Expand all | Collapse all
 1. 12m 54s
 1. Welcome
 1m 16s
 2. Exploring the different versions of Pro Tools
 2m 30s
 3. Optimizing your computer before installing Pro Tools
 3m 51s
 4. Troubleshooting
 3m 1s
 5. Using the exercise files
 2m 16s
 2. 23m 41s
 1. Connecting your Pro Tools system
 5m 8s
 2. Powering up and powering down
 3. Optimizing Pro Tools performance
 6m 55s
 4. Setting essential preferences
 3m 42s
 5. Creating a Pro Tools session
 3m 56s
 6. Identifying elements in a session folder
 3m 2s
 3. 47m 10s
 1. Exploring the Edit window
 4m 51s
 2. Exploring the Mix window
 2m 21s
 3. Exploring the Transport and Big Counter windows
 4m 0s
 4. Using the Color palette and window arrangements
 2m 55s
 5. Investigating Pro Tools menus
 4m 37s
 6. Creating new tracks
 4m 10s
 7. Understanding samples and ticks
 3m 36s
 8. Viewing and manipulating tracks
 5m 54s
 9. Adjusting the I/O setup
 7m 7s
 10. Understanding signal paths and gain stages
 3m 50s
 11. Utilizing keyboard shortcuts and keyboard focus
 3m 49s
 4. 30m 45s
 1. Using DigiBase and the Workspace browser
 5m 6s
 2. Importing audio
 5m 13s
 3. Importing MIDI
 3m 56s
 4. Importing session data
 6m 17s
 5. Importing tracks from a CD
 4m 18s
 6. Importing video
 2m 57s
 7. Unmounting a hard drive
 2m 58s
 5. 1h 2m
 1. Recording audio
 5m 6s
 2. Playing back audio
 10m 31s
 3. Creating a Click track
 4m 53s
 4. Overdubbing and using the record modes
 9m 25s
 5. Recording with playlists and the Loop Record mode
 3m 6s
 6. Punch recording and using the monitoring modes
 5m 28s
 7. Dealing with latency
 4m 17s
 8. Creating a group
 4m 33s
 9. Adding effects while recording
 7m 41s
 10. Creating a headphone (cue) mix
 5m 35s
 11. Assigning disk allocation
 2m 13s
 6. 1h 26m
 1. Understanding nondestructive editing and region types
 3m 31s
 2. Using the Selector and Grabber tools
 3m 29s
 3. Using the Trimmer and Scrubber tools
 6m 57s
 4. Using the Zoomer tool and Zoom presets
 5m 14s
 5. Using the Pencil tool
 3m 27s
 6. Using the Smart tool
 1m 26s
 7. Understanding the edit modes
 7m 54s
 8. Arranging regions
 8m 38s
 9. Undoing an edit
 2m 3s
 10. Utilizing fades and crossfades
 10m 29s
 11. Building a comp track using playlists
 5m 28s
 12. Locking and muting regions
 3m 36s
 13. Special buttons in the Editing window
 8m 16s
 14. Creating an audio loop
 5m 11s
 15. Editing a voiceover
 10m 59s
 7. 18m 43s
 1. Working with region groups
 5m 47s
 2. Setting time, tempo, meter, key, and chord
 5m 46s
 3. Creating memory locations
 7m 10s
 8. 35m 30s
 1. Setting up MIDI on a Mac
 4m 25s
 2. Setting up MIDI on a PC
 2m 50s
 3. Setting up MIDI in Pro Tools
 2m 46s
 4. Recording MIDI data
 5m 24s
 5. Recording multiple MIDI tracks with one virtual instrument
 2m 15s
 6. Recording options for MIDI
 6m 27s
 7. Using step input
 4m 45s
 8. Making a drum loop with MIDI Merge
 2m 51s
 9. Composing with virtual instruments
 3m 47s
 9. 48m 41s
 1. Using the edit tools for editing MIDI data
 8m 23s
 2. Editing MIDI data with the MIDI Editor
 7m 20s
 3. Working with the MIDI event list
 2m 41s
 4. Editing MIDI data with event operations
 8m 25s
 5. Quantizing MIDI tracks
 11m 31s
 6. Creating and using groove templates
 5m 59s
 7. Utilizing real-time properties
 4m 22s
 10. 18m 51s
 1. Exploring the Score Editor
 5m 22s
 2. Using the Score Editor
 6m 33s
 3. Setting up a score
 4m 30s
 4. Printing and exporting a score
 2m 26s
 11. 19m 0s
 1. Utilizing the Time Shift plug-in
 7m 41s
 2. Editing with Elastic Time
 8m 30s
 3. Editing with Elastic Pitch
 2m 49s
 12. 48m 20s
 1. Working with Boom
 11m 23s
 2. Working with Xpand2
 7m 21s
 3. Working with DB-33
 6m 58s
 4. Working with Vacuum
 7m 55s
 5. Working with Structure Free
 7m 12s
 6. Working with Mini Grand
 3m 57s
 7. Using Midi Learn
 3m 34s
 13. 25m 56s
 1. Writing and editing automation
 6m 4s
 2. Drawing automation with the Pencil tool
 4m 56s
 3. Editing automation with the Trimmer and Grabber tools
 2m 9s
 4. Cutting, copying, pasting, and clearing automation
 4m 6s
 5. Turning automation on and off
 4m 25s
 6. Automating plug-ins and virtual instruments
 4m 16s
 14. 1h 40m
 1. Setting up a session for mixing
 8m 0s
 2. Setting up an effects loop
 9m 18s
 3. Working with plug-ins


text:
Any one has any suggestion how to generate a TAB delimited file.
try using the sql worksheet:
select '234'||chr(9)||'234' from dual;
you'll get a tab-delimited section. just cut & paste.
It is better to ask and appear ignorant, than to remain silent and remain ignorant.
Oracle OCP DBA 9i,
C++, Java developer
That is right. CHR() is a function will return the charactor with the ascii value of integer. U can add char(10) just after the "TAB" character to indicate the new line.
go to [url]_URL_
to see all the ascii table.


Committal hearings
Committal hearings (also known as committal proceedings) are heard in the Magistrates' Court for indictable offences.
They occur after a person has been formally charged with an offence and either released on bail or held in remand. They mark the initiation of formal proceedings against an accused by the Director of Public Prosecutions (DPP).
Purpose of committal hearings
The purpose of these proceedings is for the Magistrate to determine whether the DPP has sufficient evidence to gain a conviction at trial in a higher court (i.e. whether there is a "prima facie" case). If the Magistrate deems that there is enough evidence for a conviction, he or she will commit the defendant to stand trial.
If there is insufficient evidence, the Magistrate can dismiss a case, and the defendant will be released. However, if further evidence is found, the defendant can be charged again.
Another purpose of committal hearings is to ensure efficiency in the operation of County and Supreme courts, as they will not have to waste time with weak prosecution cases.
There are two types of committal hearings:
 - Traditional method: prosecution witnesses give oral evidence in a courtroom under oath. As in a formal trial, these witnesses are examined and cross-examined. The defence may enter a plea, and occasionally call witnesses. However, the focus is on the prosecution.
 - Hand-up-brief method: prosecution witnesses give evidence through sworn written statements. This is the most common method of committal hearing.
See also:
Criminal pre-trial procedures
Bail and remand
Purposes of criminal pre-trial procedures


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by Hui Wang, Xiaolan Zhou, Ciyong Lu, Jie Wu, Xueqing Deng, Lingyao Hong, Xue Gao, Yuan He
School bullying is an emerging problem in China. The present study aimed to measure the prevalence of bullying behaviors among Chinese adolescents and to examine the association of bullying and being bullied with family factors, school factors and indicators of psychosocial adjustment. Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 8,342 middle school students were surveyed in four cities in the Guangdong Province. Self-reports on bullying involvement and information regarding family factors, school factors and psychosocial adjustment were collected. Descriptive statistics and multi-level logistic regression analysis were used to evaluate the prevalence of school bullying and explore potentially influential factors. Results
Of the total sample, 20.83% (1,738) reported being involved in bullying behaviors. Of the respondents, 18.99% were victims of bullying, 8.60% were bullies and 6.74% both bullied themselves and bullied others. Factors that were determined to be correlated with bullying behaviors included grade, parental caring, consideration of suicide, running away from home, time spent online per day and being in a physical fight. Conclusion
Bullying was determined to be prevalent among Chinese adolescents. Given the concurrent psychosocial adjustment, family and school factors associated with bullying, as well as the potential long-term negative outcomes for these youth, this issue merits serious attention, both for future research and preventive intervention.


Bison Rib Eye Steaks - 2 Steaks 8 Oz. Each
 Bison Rib Eye Steaks - 2 Steaks 8 Oz. Each
Item# 619191919191
Regular price: $49.99
Sale price: $39.99
Availability: Usually ships the same business day
Product Description
Bison Rib Eye Steaks - 2 Steaks 8 Oz. Each Our Bison Rib Eye Steaks comes from American Bison Meat. This package includes TWO (2) Premium Center Cut Bison Rib Eye Steaks. 8 oz. Each.
Is it buffalo or bison? The American Buffalo is it not buffalo. Its closest relatives are the European Bison, or Wisent, and the Canadian Woods Bison, not the buffalo of Asia or Africa, such as the Cape Buffalo or Water Buffalo. Scientifically, the American Buffalo is named Bison and belongs to the Bovidae family of mammals, as do domestic cattle. Because our history has so ingrained in us the name "Buffalo," we still use it, although "bison" and "buffalo" are used interchangeably. *
A brief history Bison once roamed the plains in numbers so large that early explorers could not count them. Variously described as: "numbers-numberless," "the country was one black robe," and "the plains were black and appeared as if in motion."
The bison has been called the important wild animal in the development of North America. They were the center of the life of the Plains Indians, providing them with food, clothing, shelter, and much of their culture. Bison also sustained the lives of the explorers and settlers going West.


text:
DYSFUNCTION AS AN OBSTACLE IN ACHIEVING SUSTAINABLE SOCIAL ECOLOGICAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE REGION (EVIDENCE FROM THE VOLGA FEDERAL DISTRICT)
The creation of a society with a vector of sustainable development predetermines the search for optimal proportions of reproduction of social ecological economic parameters of the territories. The article presents the development results of sustainable social ecological economic advancement model of the regional system and verifies the appropriateness of the social ecological economic systems' parameters of the regions of the Volga Federal District (VFD) to the proposed sustainable development model. We introduce the notion of dysfunction (dysfunctional development) considered as an obstacle and antipode of sustainable development of the territory, and define the boundaries of normally occurring processes and the dysfunctionality for the VFD regions. We performed calculation and evaluation of the territories in terms of their conformity with sustainable development or dysfunction. The proposed method can be positioned as a way of identifying and adjusting dysfunctional territories and can be applied for further definition of effective response tools.
EVGENIYA VLADIMIROVNA KABITOVA, SVETLANA ANATOLYEVNA ASHIROVA, SVETLANA MAZGUTOVNA NURIYAHMETOVA, OLGA ALEKSANDROVNA FATHUTDINOVA, ARTEM ASHIROV


Osiedle [ɔˈɕɛdlɛ] (Polish plural: osiedla) is a term used in Poland to denote a designated subdivision of a city or town, or of a dzielnica, with its own council and executive. Like the dzielnica and sołectwo, an osiedle is an auxiliary unit (jednostka pomocnicza) of a gmina. These units are created by decision of the gmina council, and do not have legal personality in their own right. In the case of an urban-rural gmina, it is also possible for a whole town to be designated an auxiliary unit.
Not all Polish cities or towns have osiedles in the above sense. However the word osiedle is also frequently used to denote any housing estate or development. (In this sense it sometimes appears in addresses, where the abbreviation "Os." is commonly used.)
This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the 3/1/2014. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.


text:
What is Democratic Socialism?
This booklet provides a general introduction to the Democratic Socialism endorsed in the nations of the British Commonwealth. It was written specifically for the Co-operative Commonwealth Youth Movement, Saskatchewan Section.
Carlyle King, What is Democratic Socialism (Ottawa: Co-Operative Commonwealth Federation, 1943).
What is Democratic Socialism? 1943.pdf (29.83 MB)
Booklet, 36 pages, 12 cm x 17 cm
Ley and Lois Smith War, Memory and Popular Culture Research Collection - Western University - London, Ontario
Second World War


going on with a ref, but contains a good explanation -
All changes made to Refs during a transaction (via ref-set, alter or commute) will appear to occur at a single point in the 'Ref world' timeline (its 'write point').
The above quote is actually only 1 item in a 10 point list that discusses what's actually going on. It's worth reviewing the list a few times until you feel comfortable with everything that's going on. But, you don't need to completely understand everything to get started. You can begin to experiment with refs anytime you know you need coordinated changes to more than one piece of state.
When you first begin to look at refs you may wonder if you should use commute or alter. For most cases commute will provide more concurrency and is preferred; however, you may need to guarantee that the ref has not been updated during the life of the current transaction. This is generally the case where alter comes into play. The following example shows using commute to update two values. The example demonstrates that the pairs are always updated only once; however, it also shows that the function is simply applied to the current value, so the incrementing is not sequential and _USER_ can be dereferenced to the same value multiple times.
user=> (def uid (ref 0))
user=> (def used-id (ref []))
user=> (defn use-id []
(commute uid inc)
(commute used-id conj _USER_)))
user=> (dothreads use-id :threads 10 :times 10)
user=> _USER_-id
[1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10... 89 92 92 94 93 94 97 97 99 100]
The above example shows that commute simply applies regardless of the underlying value. As a result, you may see duplicate values and gaps in your sequence (shown in the 90s in our output). If you wanted to ensure that the value didn't change during your transaction you could switch to alter. The following example shows the behavior of changing from commute to alter.
user=> (def uid (ref 0))
user=> (defn use-id []
(alter uid inc)
(alter used-id conj _USER_)))
user=> _USER_-id
[1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10... 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100]
There are more advanced examples using refs in The Joy of Clojure for those of you looking to discuss corner case conditions.
Last, but not least, agents are also available. From -
While I understand agents conceptually, I haven't used them much in practice. Some people love them, and the last team I was on switched to using agents heavily in one of our applications shortly after I left. But, I personally don't have enough experience to say exactly where I think they fit in. I'm sure that will be a topic for a future blog post.
Between Rich's essay and the examples above I hope a few things have become clear:
 - Clojure has plenty of support for managing state
 - Rich's distinction between identity and value allows Clojure to benefit from immutable structures while also allowing identity reassignment.
 - Clojure, it's about state.
 1. Nice article - thanks Jay.
 We are just looking at using Clojure for the next version of our software and blogs like this really help make it more accessible.
 Keep up the good work!
 2. It's a nice introduction for state management.
 Two things IMHO are missing:
 1. Idiomatic way of having functions with side effects (like those modifying state) is to end them with bang (!), so it is easy for reader to spot those,
 2. transients is another form that can be modified before you freeze them
 3. Jay. I appreciate your writing on Clojure. Please keep at it.
 Although I "get" Clojure's state management constructs, it's still been an adjustment for me. I, perhaps needlessly, worry about the right level of granularity for mutable state. For example, say my app's state is a tree structure represented with a map. Should it be a single ref pointing at a big map, or maybe a map of finer-grained refs and atoms? Or something completely different?
 Oh well, practice, practice, practice :)
 4. _USER_, I tend to use a single ref pointing at a big map, unless that causes issues while updating. I've worked on an app where several threads were attempting to update a large map at the same time and an unacceptable amount of retries were happening. We resolved the issue by using a large map in a ref and some of the values were also refs that held maps.
 It was a bit complicated for my taste and the team eventually moved to managing the entire map in an agent, but I left the team and I'm not sure how it worked out.
 As you say practice. But, I wouldn't worry about it unless you are seeing issues with too many retries.
 5. 1Nice article! It really helped me to understands refs and atoms
 6. Thank you, Jay, for a great article. It is very helpful for me, as I just begin to tip my toes into Clojure waters.)


Definition from Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to: navigation, search
Back-formation from orientation.
orientate (third-person singular simple present orientates, present participle orientating, simple past and past participle orientated)
 1. (Britain, intransitive) To face (a given direction).
 2. (Britain, reflexive) To determine one's position relative to the surroundings; to orient (oneself).
 - John le Carré
 He…stood for a moment, orientating himself exactly in the light of his knowledge.
 He came out of the station and took some time to orientate himself.
 3. To arrange in order; to dispose or place (a body) so as to show its relation to other bodies, or the relation of its parts among themselves.
 - E. S. Dana
 A crystal is orientated when placed in its proper position so as to exhibit its symmetry.
 4. (Britain, transitive) To position (something), to align relative to a given position.
 Try to orientate your students towards the science subjects.
 5. (archaic) To move or turn toward the east; to veer from the north or south toward the east.
Usage notes[edit]
 1. ^ orientate, in Common Errors in English Usage, by Paul Brians
 1. second-person plural present indicative of orientare
 2. second-person plural imperative of orientare
 3. feminine plural of orientato


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We're on the subject of viscosity maintenance again, and for good reason too. The matter is one that needs to be addressed year round, in both hot and cold weather. However, this time we're talking about maintaining the proper viscosity of your liquids under all perceivable circumstances, whether in room temperature, on cold or hot days.
Viscosity Maintenance Has Two Sides
In previous articles, we've discussed viscosity maintenance as it applies to maintaining low viscosity levels in your liquids through the use of Powerblanket® heating products. Of course, the reason we've talk so much about this is because it's pertinent to so many scenarios. However, maintaining low viscosity levels is only half the story when it comes to the entire viscosity conundrum. Some operations and product maintenance require the other side of the spectrum. In other words, Powerblanket can help with maintaining high viscosity levels as well.
If you store or use liquids that need to be very low in viscosity, then Powerblanket heating solutions can help you keep your liquids at temperatures high enough to keep the viscosity of the liquid very low. But, if the opposite challenge is your concern, Powerblanket can help there too. Our new Powerblanket ICE cooling products can keep your liquids cool enough to maintain high viscosity levels, even in really hot weather.
If the liquids you're storing are at risk of losing their viscous qualities when the temperatures rise, then Powerblanket ICE is going to be an invaluable ally for your operations. Powerblanket ICE comes in three performance levels and will help you keep your liquids cool and viscous, even in really hot weather.
- Keep your liquids cool during hot weather, maintaining viscous qualities and eliminating spoiled product
- Eliminate downtime associated with lost viscosity and the need for expensive cooling interventions
- Increase output and profit by increasing operational efficiency
Powerblanket ICE Features:
- Powerblanket ICE uses Powerblanket patented heat-spreading technology in reverse to draw heat away from the container and cool the contents inside.
- Powerblanket ICE covers and insulates your container with the same robust system used in the Powerblanket heating products.
- All three performance levels of Powerblanket ICE, the ice pack, ice box, and chiller-driven systems are portable (120VAC required).
- Powerblanket ICE allows you to control the temperature of bulk materials with ease:
- Increase yields (Bulk materials that sit at high temperatures will reduce yield for most viscous liquids. With Powerblanket ICE, you can bring the temperature down, and keep it there.)
- Maintain the viscous quality of your liquids
- Decrease operational inefficiencies
- Blankets can be left installed and running while bulk material containers are in use.


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I'm a relative beginner in Mathematica, but after reading the forums for a long time, I couldn't understand one thing:
 - I want to plot a list h. Let's call it ListPlot[h]
 - I also have a second list, of the same size c
 - I want to write a color function that plots a given point in h with a color corresponding to the value of c at the same point.
Anyone knows how to do it?
share|improve this question
marked as duplicate by R. M. Jan 22 '14 at 18:25
Related question:… – Cassini Jan 22 '14 at 17:56
2 Answers 2
Perhaps it's better to use Graphics where you have full control over all aspects of the plot:
h = RandomReal[10, {10, 2}];
c = ColorData[1, "ColorList"][[1 ;; 10]];
Graphics[{PointSize[Medium], #[[1]], Point[#[[2]]]} & /@ Transpose[{c, h}], Axes -> True]
Regarding your comment, you could do something like this:
h = RandomReal[10, 20];
c = RandomReal[10, 20];
(* You have to give each y value a corresponding x value *)
h = MapIndexed[{First@#2, #} &, h];
(* You have to normalize the concentration so it works with the color function. *)
c = Normalize[c];
colorfunc = ColorData["SolarColors"];
Graphics[{PointSize[Medium], colorfunc@#[[1]], Point[#[[2]]]} & /@ Transpose[{c, h}], Axes -> True]
It's the same idea, but we don't assume that the x coordinate of each point is its position in the list. We also don't assume a list of colors, but rather think of that list as a list of concentration levels.
I noticed now that in m_goldberg's answer he sets the AspectRatio to 1/GoldenRatio, this is an excellent idea since it looks good and is the default aspect ratio for plots in MMA. I too recommend that.
share|improve this answer
_USER_, for a large number of points I would suggest using a gradient color scheme, for example: c = ColorData["Rainbow"] /@ (Range[25]/25); – Simon Woods Jan 22 '14 at 16:58
Thanks a lot! But actually, what I want to do is not to plot one function as a function of the other. I would like h to be a [1xn] list, and simply plot the n values of "h". But then, to have the values of "h" colorcoded according to the values of "c" at the same x-axis value (without actually plotting "c"). Basically, I want to look at the profile of a a physical interface which has some concentration of molecule at every point. And I would like the interface h(x) to be red (for instance) in regions where the concentration c(x) is high? Thanks again! – Edouard Jan 22 '14 at 17:03
_USER_ I added something I think should meet your needs. – Pickett Jan 22 '14 at 17:24
Thank you so much, this is awesome! – Edouard Jan 22 '14 at 17:33
I think Pickett is right to use Graphics, but here is how I would implement it, step-by-step.
Make some data
h = RandomInteger[42, 12];
c = Table[Hue[i/Length[h]], {i, 0, Length[h] - 1}];
Make the points.
pts = Point /@ Transpose[{Range[Length[h]], h}]
Color the points.
coloredPts = Transpose[{c, pts}];
Make a plot with 'Graphics'.
Graphics[{PointSize[Medium], coloredPts},
 Axes -> True, AspectRatio -> 1/GoldenRatio]
share|improve this answer


text:
Defect depth quantification using lock-in thermography
Publication Type:Journal Articles
Source:Quantitative InfraRed Thermography Journal, Volume 12, Number 1, p.37–52 (2015)
In this paper we explore the defect evaluation in austenitic stainless steel (SS) using Lock-in technique and the effect of modulation frequency on defect detectability. A review of international literature indicates that while such studies have been attempted on materials like Perspex and composites, studies on austenitic SS like AISI 316, which are widely used in nuclear and other process industries, have been limited. For depth quantification, blind frequency method and phase contrast method have been discussed. The one dimensional analytical modeling proposed by Bennett and Patty has been adopted in blind frequency method. The investigation on the effect of defect size and shape on blind frequency and phase contrast has been carried out. The phase contrast method for depth quantification was found to be appropriate.
Copyright belongs to Publisher


What is a squirrel midden?
Basically, a squirrel's favorite spot to eat. The squirrel midden is the mess of leftovers squirrels leave after eating.
Squirrel Midden or their Picnic Table
One favorite food of the red squirrel is the spruce cone. Sitting on their favorite branch, stump, or wherever, they pull the outside bits of the cone off, letting them fall to the ground below, and eat the seeds inside. The piles of left over spruce cone bits below are often easily found around a spruce forest floor. They can get pretty big, some reported as large as garages.
Squirrels also hide or store their food for the winter. They do not always remember where they have hidden some of the spruce cones. Often you will see holes around the midden where they may or may not have had a successful search. Some of the forgotten ones may grow into spruce trees.
Why store food? Red squirrels do not hibernate, they remain active through out the winter. The extra caches of food can come in handy when supplies are low during the cold months.
Return to Homepage from Squirrel Middens


Windows Programming
.NET 1.1+
Mouse Clipping
Specialised applications can require that the mouse pointer is limited to a fixed portion of the screen, known as a clipping rectangle. This region can be determined and controlled by reading and setting a property of a standard.NET class.
Clipping Rectangles
Under normal circumstance the mouse pointer can be moved freely within the rectangle defined by the screen. This area is the clipping rectangle. You can change the boundaries of the rectangle to restrict the pointer movement. This is useful for specialised applications where the user should not click items outside of the rectangle.
Changing the mouse clipping rectangle should be done with care. Although the clipping is removed by switching between applications or by showing the Windows Start menu, adding clipping can be frustrating for novice users. Those who are unaware of keyboard controls may decide to power down their system unnecessarily to remove the clipping.
Getting the Clipping Rectangle
You can retrieve the current clipping rectangle boundaries using the Clip property of the Cursor class. This static property returns a Rectangle structure containing the position and size of the clipping region. The Cursor class is found in the System.Windows.Forms namespace and Rectangle is in System.Drawing, so add the following using directives:
using System.Drawing;
using System.Windows.Forms;
The code below shows the current clipping rectangle in a message box:
Setting the Clipping Rectangle
The Clip property may be used to constrain the mouse pointer within a specified rectangle. If the mouse pointer is not within the rectangle and the application changing the Clip property is active, the pointer will be moved to a valid position. The following sample code restricts the pointer to a 101 pixel square at the top left corner of the screen:
Cursor.Clip = new Rectangle(0, 0, 100, 100);
A common way to limit the pointer is to use the boundaries of a Windows control. First you convert the client rectangle of the control to screen co-ordinates and then apply them to the Clip property. The code below limits the mouse pointer to the boundaries of a panel control named, "MyPanel".
Cursor.Clip = MyPanel.RectangleToScreen(MyPanel.ClientRectangle);
Clearing the Clipping Rectangle
When you no longer require the clipping you should remove it. To do so, set the Clip property value to Rectangle.Empty, as follows:
Cursor.Clip = Rectangle.Empty;
20 December 2010


Jan Rothuizen: Why is it so quiet here?
By: Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen
Publication date: 27 Jun 2012
Views: 1591
Jan Rothuizen draws a visit to the museum
Why is it so quiet here? takes you on a visit to Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen through the eyes and thoughts of the artist Jan Rothuizen. Jan Rothuizen is a draughtsman. He is famous for his drawings in the daily newspaper De Volkskrant and elsewhere, in which he records his detailed observations of a particular place in words and images. Why is it so quiet here? is his first animated film.
This film is made possible by the VSB Fund, partner in education.
Jan Rothuizen
Amsterdam 1968
Producers: Bruno Felix & Femke Wolting
Line producer: Ilja Roomans
Animations: Stein Louisse, Niels van Herk
Editing: Christiaan Grammer
Sound design: Raoul Matheron


text:
5 Ways Writers are Like Wizards
Writers are like wizards because, just like wizards, they use words to cast spells. Words can be used to create a sense of wonder and excitement or to motivate and inspire people. As a writer, you also have the ability to communicate complex concepts in a way that is easy for people to understand. Like responsible wizards, writers use their power for good, making the world a better place through the magic of their words.


text:
How to: Configure the cursor threshold Option (SQL Server Management Studio)
Use the cursor threshold option to specify the number of rows in the cursor set at which cursor keysets are generated asynchronously. When cursors generate a keyset for a result set, the query optimizer estimates the number of rows that will be returned for that result set. If the query optimizer estimates that the number of returned rows is greater than this threshold, the cursor is generated asynchronously, allowing the user to fetch rows from the cursor while the cursor continues to be populated. Otherwise, the cursor is generated synchronously, and the query waits until all rows are returned.
To configure the cursor threshold option
In Object Explorer, right-click a server and select Properties.
Click the Advanced node.
Under Miscellaneous, change the Cursor Threshold option to the desired value.
Use the cursor threshold option to specify the number of rows in the cursor set at which cursor keysets are generated asynchronously. If you set cursor threshold to -1, all keysets are generated synchronously, which benefits small cursor sets. If you set cursor threshold to 0, all cursor keysets are generated asynchronously.


text:
Project Scope & Definition and Feasibility Services
Matrix Technologies, offers conceptual design services to assist in the development of project scope & definition, schedule, costs, and benefits. This approach helps you maintain control of the overall project scope before a single dollar is spent on capital equipment. Knowing all the options and costs up front allows for better project planning and better understanding of the expected results.
In this scope and definition phase of the project implementation, we work with you to provide clear definition of the required engineering, equipment, construction, and overall project costs. We can provide evaluation of technology options, risk management, pre-engineering, front-end engineering design (FEED), and feasibility studies.
The following items are some common deliverables from the scope and definition phase:
- Process Flow Diagrams
- Mass and Energy Balances
- Equipment specification
- Consideration of Multiple Options to Meet the End Goal
- Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams
- Equipment Arrangements
- Instrumentation Summary
- Preliminary Electrical Design
- Preliminary Project Schedule
- Licensing and Permit Research
- Project Cost Estimate


Nightlock RPN Banner Ad
CMMS for Church Maintenance
July 2, 2020 jill Blog
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By Heather Wilkerson
When maintaining a church, it is important to be organized. A Computerized Maintenance Management System (CMMS) can be a very useful tool to help with this. Many think that this type of computer software is strictly for manufacturing plants, but that could not be further from the truth. Here are just a few ways a CMMS can be beneficial to your church.
Work Orders
Many times, when repair work is needed within a church, it is written down on a piece of paper or in an Excel spreadsheet, which can easily be lost or deleted. A CMMS allows users to enter work requests and work orders into the software itself, making it impossible to misplace them. For example, when the church vacuum needs to be repaired, instead of verbally asking a volunteer or handing them a sheet of paper, the work order can be entered into the CMMS and assigned to the correct volunteer. This can also help with getting new volunteers, since scheduling work allows people to see if more volunteers are needed or not to get everything done.
Scheduling Repairs
Since the majority of the people doing repairs within a church are volunteers, it can be difficult to track what needs done, who can do it, and when. This results in much needed repairs going uncompleted. CMMS software enables users to schedule needed repairs. Volunteers can also be assigned to the repairs and can configure the system so they receive an email notifying them when a repair is assigned to them.
Preventive maintenance tasks can also easily be scheduled in a CMMS. A preventive maintenance task is basically when certain things on a piece of equipment or location are checked or repaired on a regular basis so the asset does not break down.
Historical Data
CMMS software programs automatically keep historical data on locations and pieces of equipment, which can be very useful later on. This data can be gathered and used to make important decisions on repairs vs buying new. For example, if the outdoor sprinkler system keeps acting up, historical data can show the lifetime repair costs of the system. From there, church officials can decide whether it is less costly to keep repairing it or purchase a new system. Without the historical data, this would be quite difficult to determine.
Inventory Tracking
One of the most useful components of a CMMS is inventory tracking. Keeping close track of inventory items not only helps ensure items are on-hand at all times, but it also helps workers locate items quickly. For example, if a particular tool is needed to complete maintenance on a church vehicle, people can go into the CMMS, lookup the tool, and know exactly where it is. This helps cut down the time spent doing repairs, so more things can be completed.
In addition, knowing what tools and parts are on-hand prevents buying duplicates, which can save the facility money. Some CMMS systems also have automatic reordering, which means whenever an item gets below a certain number, a purchase request is automatically created for that item.
The ability to run reports within a CMMS is another excellent reason for a church to have one. Reports can show volunteers things like which work orders have been completed, which have not been, repair costs over a certain time period, and many other things. This data helps volunteers within the church stay organized and on top of repairs.
Along with the above listed advantages, having a mobile application version of a CMMS makes things even easier. Workers can take photos and attach them to work orders, right from their smartphone or tablet. Work orders can also be completed on mobile devices right after the work is done. Attachments, such as images and manuals, can also be viewed on mobile devices, which can really help get repairs done in a more timely fashion.
Churches all across the country can benefit from having a CMMS in place. This software can help track inventory, schedule repairs, and run valuable reports, among other things.
Heather Wilkerson is marketing coordinator for Mapcon Technologies, which has been creating maintenance management software since 1982. MAPCON software is used in industry and facilities worldwide,
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HandsOn Gloves Size Guide
HandsOn Gloves Grooming Tool Horses Dogs Cats Pets
Why Do Dogs Roll In Feces?
Rolling in dog, cat, cow, horse, coyote, and other animal feces is very common for dogs. There are several theories on this, and here is the one that seems most plausible. The primal, ancient instinct of dogs is to mask their scent for hunting. This would enable the dog to sneak up on his prey Read More


Why 1.5 million customers use Tally?
Why 1.5 million customers use Tally?
Digital & Technology
Vaibhav Sarse
Vaibhav Sarse
25 Jun 2019, 11:52 — 5 min read
Summary: An accounting software merges together all systems and applications used for managing and processing financial data. Tally, which is an Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) software, has gained a lot of popularity over a period of time due to its ability to simplify calculations. Vaibhav Sarse in his previous article shared a comprehensive checklist of 10 things you need to keep in mind for the smooth functioning of Tally. In this article he shares the benefits of Tally and why nearly 1.5 million people love using it.
What is the first brand that comes to your mind when you think of an accounting software? I'm sure most of you will answer Tally. Tally has indeed won millions of hearts by its power of simplicity. Knowing how the software works is considered a desirable skill for all accountants.
Even though the list of reasons why so many customers use Tally is unending, here are some reasons why Tally is used worldwide.
Any person who understands business transactions can easily use Tally. The simplicity of the software encourages more and more businesses to invest in the software as it eliminates time and cost wasted on training Tally users in that company.
Cost effective
Tally is a business management software that can be used in multiple departments for multiple functions. For example, the software helps in Payroll management, Inventory management, etc.
Also read: Tally Server 9 is made with you in mind
GST compliant
It is a known fact that a timely filing of GST returns is important and if not done on time, the business will be liable to penalties under the GST Act. Tally.ERP 9 is completely GST compliant and hence all changes made in the act are made in the software.
Multiple features
Tally has multiple features that can be used not only in the accounts department but also in the other departments such as HR, operations, etc. Some features include e-way bill management, GST return filing, TDS calculation, budget management, purchase and sales management, etc.
Quick accessibility
Tally has a unique UI/UX design that helps users navigate quickly due to its keyboard shortcuts. The software does not require the user to operate a mouse in order to move across various screens. This feature of the software makes it unique and increases the speed of accessing data in the software.
Multiple license users
The software comes in two variations. A single user license i.e the Silver version and the Gold version which is a multi-user. Both these versions are the same feature-wise but as the name suggests, a Silver Tally license can only be used by a single user on a single system at a time. Whereas, a Gold license can be used on multiple computers by multiple users simultaneously.
Also read: Error 404: Mistakes you hadn't found
Perpetual license
Tally.ERP 9 is a perpetual license which means after purchasing of the license the software can be used for an indefinite period of time. Most software today in the market has a yearly fee which has to be paid in order to continue using the software. Thus once purchased you have to keep paying a fee until you stop using the software.
After sales service
In the software industry, the after sales service is more important than the service provided while purchasing. Tally solutions have a toll free number through which it provides free support to its customers. Thus the customers using Tally, do not have to worry about the after sales support as it will be provided by Tally solutions itself.
Training not required
Over the time, the importance of knowing Tally has increased to such a level that now any person aspiring to work in the accounts department has either already used or knows how Tally works. This saves the cost on training which can be utilised elsewhere.
There are many other reasons that have led to more than 1.5 million customers using Tally. The competition in the accounting software industry has been growing recently but still, the market space occupied by Tally solutions cannot be replaced by any new competitor.
Also read: Phygital: The convergence of physical and digital experience
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text:
Cultural Anthropology Program
Kelsey Chatlosh is a doctoral student in the Cultural Anthropology program. Her research focuses on Afro-Chilean activism for recognition, memory and territory, and how activists are contesting dominant narratives of Chilean history and racial identity, re-envisioning the future, and linking with other activist networks. In part, Kelsey is interested to explore how varying configurations of Afro-descendant Chilean consciousness and activism are emerging online through digital ethnography. Additionally, as teacher at Queens College, Kelsey is keen on further exploring and applying methods of digital pedagogy within and beyond the classroom. Prior to the CUNY Graduate Center, Kelsey worked as the Language Access Monitor at the Washington, DC Mayor's Office on Latino Affairs. There, among other projects, she co-founded the website LanguageIsARight.org and worked on a public art and social media campaign to spread awareness of city residents' right to access city programs and services in their own languages.


PokéBase - Pokémon Q&A
0 votes
I'm guessing Alakazam or Metagross.
Just curious. XD
The one that has eaten all our Gummis in EOS.
5 Answers
8 votes
Best answer
Pokedex Entry
>Alakazam's brain continually grows, infinitely multiplying brain cells. This amazing brain gives this Pokémon an astoundingly high IQ of 5,000. It has a thorough memory of everything that has occurred in the world.
Once again, Pokedex Entry.
Now, the question is:
Which one has higher IQ? Which one is cleverer? Which one is smarter?
To answer this, we need to know what IQ means in terms of a supercomputer. How much IQ does a supercomputer have?
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According to this website,
>One of the world's smartest computers took an intelligence test and scored as well as a four-year-old human being.
>The computer basically can name the dots, but can't connect them.
From here on, it seems simpler. Basically, Metagross can solve equations, but not necessarily understand them, or know them. On the other hand, Alakazam has the ability to know and remember everything in the world. Implying that not only does it know the equation that Metagross solves within seconds, but also why, and the answer, kind of before hand. Also, the Dex entry talks of infinite brain-cell generating capabilities, that, in my opinion, out-trumps Metagross without a doubt.
Also, Metagross can only analyze, meaning it would probably fail the Turing test (keep in mind, however, it does use this in battles, so it is question of whether it is acting them out as simulations, or as actual strategies. If they are merely simulations, then it is not AI, but given that it acts based on the simulations, it may be AI). Now, Alakazam, as we know, has Intelligence of its own, and acts based on strategies it creates, as opposed to Metagross, instead of creating simulations, and discarding those that aren't beneficial.
tl;dr: Metagross solves stuff, Alakazam already knows the answer.
Alakazam Wins.
enter image description here
Had to upload this genius from RareCandyTreatment :3
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Alakazam: Solved a 5 x 5 rubik's cube in 78 seconds
All hail alakazam
You're awesome, Infinity.
But doesn't Uxie technically have the highest IQ? Seeing as it is the embodiment of Knowledge.
I could actually disagree for good reasons here, but then we would end up with rocket science and "why einstein was wrong" arguments xD
Thanks a bunch Infinity(cool name).
How kind of you to say that, Astro! :3 (No seriously, you made my day!)
Well, about Uxie, it IS legendary Pokemon created SPECIFICALLY to represent Knowledge itself. If you think of it as an embodiment, or a rather, spirit, or entity, designed to keep things in check, as opposed to a Pokemon then indeed, Uxie can't be compared to either of the above Pokemon in terms of IQ.
And, Luke, no problem at all, man! I had fun thinking about the answer to this, and digging up stuff that I hadn't known previously either! It was a great question, one that forced me to think about super-computers and other stuff that Alan Turing was good at. As for the name, glad that you like it. It is, to be honest, a kind of a play on my actual name (or rather, its translation). + It sounds cool af. :3
That comic is still as fun :)
if it can recall everything since it was born, why can't it recall the move role play if it learned it before?
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I would go for Metagross because (Not only I like it) It has FOUR brains. Take that Alakazam. Alakazam's brain only grows but it doesn't have 4.
So say 1000 IQ for each brain he would only be 4000 IQ.
But then Alakazam had has 5000 so it could be him.
So I rekon overall... Alakazam wins
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I know it is confusing so just read the BOLD writing.
0 votes
As far as I know, Alakazam is the only Pokemon that has had their IQ stated. Alakazam's IQ is also probably the highest because it's IQ is said to be around/over 5,000. We also know Metagross is very smart because it's Pokedex entries say that it's four brains are able to calculate difficult problems faster than a supercomputer. It doesn't tell Metagross's exact IQ but it tells that it is very smart.
Pokemon that also (probably) have a high IQ (Maybe the highest)
Lapras: Some of Lapras's Pokedex entries state that it is highly intelligent and it can understand human speech.
>Its high intelligence enables it to understand human speech. It likes to ferry people on its back.
Uxie: Uxie is the being of knowledge, it is most likely very smart.
Arceus: Arceus is the god of Pokemon, God knows everything.
Mew: The ancestor of all Pokemon must be very smart.
Beldum & Metang: The pre-evolutions of Metagross, Metagross is smart so Metang & Beldum are most likely smart.
Abra & Kadabra: Same thing with Beldum & Metang, they are the pre evolutions of Alakazam
Slowking: Look at dex entries. (Thanks Astro!!)
Hope I helped!
and knowledge.
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Isn't Slowking hyperintelligent as well?
I knew I was onto something with slowbro!!!
Ancestor of all pokemon must be smart? Say that to microbes
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Metagross Ruby entry: METAGROSS has four brains in total. Combined, the four brains can breeze through difficult calculations faster than a supercomputer. This POKéMON can float in the air by tucking in its four legs
>Alakazam Red and Blue entry: Its brain can outperform a supercomputer. Its intelligence quotient is said to be 5,000.
Ok so both outperform a Super computer. Intelligent, huh? The highest IQ in the world is 154. So 5000 is a lot. If each Metang's iq was 500, it couldn't beat Alakazam.
So there, Alakazam, way to go.
But there is no proof for alakazam to have the highest IQ as it is the only Pokemon to have their IQ stated.
0 votes
Actually unlike everyone else I have to disagree completely with everone.
Either Uxie or Arceus.
Arceus because its the god of Pokemon and so knows everything and is 'all knowing'
Uxie is the Pokemon of wisdom and so technically theoretically has the highest IQ.
I said that they might
Seems probable.
but they can still only know 4 moves and can't use potions by themselves...
Thats only in the game so it would be fair. If they could do that, everyone would be using them! Maybe they could, but perhaps they have battling laws for that or something. The games are just pieces of coding.
What sapphire said, all Pokemon can learn only 4 moves, if any Pokemon could learn more than 4 moves would give it an unfair advantage (beside maybe magikarp where it would do absolutely NOTHING)
The Christian God is all knowing but Pokemon theology seems to be a bit different. It probably more closely models eastern religions where gods are more limited to roles or represent a universal energy or something like that. In Pokemon theology arceus may be God and still not all knowing. Uxie still stands out though. But wisdom and intelligence can be argued as not the same.
To quote Dexter Jettster her, "You'd think you Jedi Knights would know the difference between knowledge and… wisdom. Heh heh heh."


text:
Many colors, one rainbow; many cultures, one family.
The Brooks Global Studies Extended Year Magnet is the only school in the Guilford County school system without a specific attendance zone. Parents and students from throughout the system may choose to attend Brooks -- and more of them are choosing it. Opening in 1991 with 80 students, more than 300 students enrolled at the start of the 1993 school year, and more remained on a waiting list.
Three distinctive features make Brooks stand out:
Preliminary investigations by two psychologists from Loyola University of Chicago provide encouraging evidence that the longer instructional year pays off. Children receive an additional six weeks of instruction, with breaks provided periodically throughout the year and the school closed for two weeks during the summer. Field trips, guest speakers, and weekly foreign language instruction are emphasized during the program.
According to Loyola researchers Julie Frazier and Frederick Morrison:
Although these findings are encouraging, it is difficult to disentangle them from the school's unique curriculum which emphasizes, in the words of school principal Tony Meachum, that "just as many colors make one rainbow, many cultures make one national family."
School officials believe that rapid improvements in technology and communications make learning about the world and human cultures essential for today's young people.
The global studies program emphasizes the five major geography themes developed by the National Geographic Society: location (exactly where on the earth's surface places are found); place (the physical and human characteristics of specific places that set them apart from others); relationships within places (how humans interact with their environment, for both good and bad); movement (how people, products, information, and ideas within and among countries change); and regions (how regions form and develop).
Brooks officials stress that their after-school programs are not merely custodial care. After-School Enrichment Services (ACES) are available for a fee to interested parents and offer an impressive structured balance of academic, physical education, and recreation programs. Academic work includes homework time, work on basic skills, curriculum-related games, critical thinking skills, and silent reading time. The remainder of the time is devoted to physical education, games and other recreational activities such as movies, arts, crafts, and music.
For additional information:
Brooks Global Studies Extended Year Magnet
1215 Westover Terrace
Greensboro, NC 27408


text:
Experimental and simulation extinction spectra of Au nanoarrays prepared by pulse AC and normal AC methods. (a, b) Experimental extinction spectra of the Au nanoarrays grown in AAO prepared using H2SO4 and H2C2O4, respectively. (c) Simulation extinction spectra of the uniform and nonuniform Au nanoarrays with period a = 110 nm and diameter d = 34 nm. The length of the uniform nanoarray is set to be 150 nm. The simulation unit cell of the nonuniform nanoarray contains six nanowires with the length L = 50, 75, 100, 125, 150, and 200 nm.
Xue et al. Nanoscale Research Letters 2013 8:295 doi:10.1186/1556-276X-8-295


logo_2Churchill White Paper
Demand Forecasting & The Seasonality Factor – Harve C. Light
Introduction To Demand Seasonality
Frequently, Churchill is asked to comment about the impact of Seasonality on Demand Forecasting. This white paper overviews Seasonality, its impact on demand forecasting and the inclusion of Seasonality in demand forecasting methodologies. Note: This paper intended to be a basic explanation of the topic and not an academic-type paper.
What Is Seasonality?
Within the timeframe of any given period of time such as one year, merchandise (as well as selling locations) experience distinct periods of time, such as a few weeks, when one or more types of merchandise are more (or less) desired by the buying public when compared to an average week. This repeatable increase or decrease in periodic consumer buying interest is defined as the merchandise or location's "Seasonality" and therefore must be accounted for when forecasting demand for the affected merchandise or location. To complicate matters, while the seasonal demand repeats over each year, etc. the actual seasonality periods can vary from year to year. (For example, Holidays)
What Is the Importance of Demand When Generating Forecasts?
Depending on the purpose of the forecasting, the importance of the Seasonality Factor can be very significant or very insignificant. For example, in continuity item regular periods (non-promotional) forecasting, Churchill performance testing has shown Seasonality to be the most significant single source of forecasting error. Poor Seasonal Indexes equals poor demand forecasts. On the other hand, there are many examples of merchandise that are required by consumers throughout the year where other factors such as price and promotions are more significant that seasonality.
One final comment. Seasonality of demand can be a very "local" factor. Churchill sees this situation whenever we build forecasting models for convenience or neighborhood stores. For example, individual stores may serve specific ethnic communities who observe holidays, etc. specific to the community.
How Is The Seasonality Factor Expressed In Demand Forecasting Methodologies?
There are many techniques for quantifying the seasonality component for demand forecasting purposes. One methodology that will demonstrate the principle is to utilize the "Relative Seasonality Index" methodology. Conceptually this methodology is a two-step methodology where:
 - Step One calculates the Average Periodic (weekly) Demand value as = Total Annual Demand / 52 Weekly Periods.
 - Step Two calculates the Relative Seasonality Index values as = Weekly Total Demand / Average Periodic (Weekly) Demand.
The output values of this methodology form a relative seasonality index where (quantitatively) the Average Demand Week will have a value = 1.0 and Weeks with historically greater seasonal demand will have index values greater than 1.0 (for example 1.82) and Weeks with historically less seasonal demand will have index values of less than 1.0 (for example.86).
What Are Some Examples Of The Seasonality Index Being Utilized In Demand Forecasting?
Here are three examples.
Example #1 relates to the forecasting of regular (non-promotional) continuity merchandise demand. Forecasting methodologies such as exponential smoothing, moving averaging, etc. first determine the underlying (nonseasonal) demand for the merchandise, location, etc. and then add the merchandise's Seasonal Index values to include Seasonality for specific periods such as weeks, resulting in seasonalized demand forecasts for each week.
Example #2 is a causal forecasting example such as the forecasting of promotional price lift. These forecasts can require the inclusion of the Seasonality Index values as Causal-based Forecasting Input values. Inclusion of the Seasonality Factor values can be important because Seasonality can cause another causal factor, such as Price Discount on Holiday merchandise, to be more or less significant e.g. more intense before the Holiday periods (resulting in higher lifts) when compared to the exact same Price Discount promoted four months after the Holiday periods which generally result in lower promotional lift.
Example #3 is a limited life product forecasting example. Seasonality can be an important factor during the limited lift season that the merchandise is offered for sale. For example, Swimsuits tend to be more in demand during the early and warmer weeks of the season and less in demand during the later and perhaps colder weeks of the season.
How Does Churchill Generate Specific and Detailed Seasonal Indexes Values?
First, I have to mention that Churchill expends substantial energy effort developing the best Seasonal Indexes possible within the limitations of the customer's historical sales data. Second, Churchill utilizes a combination of human engineered data preparation combined with our proprietary clustering and profiling technology. Our seasonality modeling tool is called Profile Cluster Builder™ (PCB). An executive summary of our PCB tool is included as the last page of this paper.
In general terms, Churchill models Seasonal Indexes utilizing the following methodology. As you read the steps of this methodology, please remember that, in most cases, we are building literally many thousands (or more) of seasonal indexes for the retailer.
 1. Churchill starts by carefully defining the Merchandise Level and Location Level forecasting requirements that the Seasonal Indexes are to be built to support.
 2. Since historical data accuracy generally limits the retailer's historical data usability, Churchill must audit the historical data for the purpose of improving data quality. Over the years, Churchill has developed several data cleansing techniques that help with this data issue.
 3. Next, since holidays and other seasonal events often change from year to year, the next step in this process is to organize the historical data from multiple historical years into one common format that represents Seasonality history properly aligned for the upcoming year to be forecasted. This step not only includes the specific period (week) of the holiday, etc. but also the affected weeks leading up to and following the event period.
 4. With the historical data aligned as best as possible, Churchill now turns to its Profile Cluster Builder tool to perform its "magic". Note: While the following tasks are presented in a sequential format, in reality there is much overlap in these steps.
 1. Gathers the historical data from similar merchandise/locations into common groupings. Churchill utilizes degree of fit type metrics for the grouping metric.
 2. Isolates and separates individual merchandise and locations whose historical data patterns are considered to be too different to be utilized in profile building.
 3. From the qualified historical data, PCB builds demand profiles that will represent the clustered groupings.
 4. And this brings us back to the identified outliers. PCB, using a two-step process, places the outliers with the already built profiles that statistically are most appropriate.
 5. After the PCB clusters and profiles have been built and tested, a series of "higher level" default profiles will need to be built and tested. These higher level default profiles will be utilized for forecasting seasonality in future new merchandise and/or locations that were not part of the original profile modeling process.
 6. We now have a collection of seasonal profiles and related cross reference tables that can be utilized for application-specific demand forecasting. Before these Seasonal Profiles can be shipped to the retailer, two additional things must occur.
 1. The Seasonal Profiles need to be performance tested for the purpose at hand.
 2. Sometimes, the format of the Seasonal Profiles must be transformed to align with the retailer's installed demand forecasting application.
In Closing
Because Churchill recognizes that Seasonality and the related Seasonal Indexes are a very important component in retail demand forecasting performance and conversely that lack of good Seasonal Indexes will be a major source of forecasting performance error, we take Seasonal Profiling very seriously. One final comment. Year to year, seasonality constantly changes. For example, product assortments evolve, selling locations open and close, holiday dates change, leap year occurs every four years and retail calendars require adjustment. Therefore, to achieve and then maintain high quality forecasts, please recognize that Seasonal Indexes require regular annual updating.
Churchill's Profile Cluster Builder (PCB) is advanced clustering and profiling technology that supports a wide variety of retail planning and forecasting applications. Sound clusters and the resulting profiles are essential to the success of most retail planning applications. Churchill's PCB Tool generates financially sophisticated clusters and profiles for any number of retail planning applications, including:
 - Intelligent Seasonal Profiling™
 - Intelligent Store Clustering™
 - Intelligent Size Profiling™
 - Intelligent Assortment Clustering™
Technology Strengths:
 - Multiple iterations of clusters and profiles ensure optimal results
 - Analysts can quickly focus on high margin and exceptional items
 - Hosted Service sets up and is operational within 60 days
 - Immediate planning application financial improvements
Application Functionality:
 - Identifies optimum hierarchical groupings of entities (ie: item/store, class/size/store, etc.)
 - Recognizes common historical & attribute patterns within each grouping and clusters accordingly
 - Standardized Clusters & Profiles are then built using these demand patterns and attributes
 - Cluster & Profile Fit Thresholds (degree of fit) can be adjusted to the individual retailer's application requirements
 - Outliers and anomalies are promoted to incrementally higher levels until an appropriate lower level solution can be created
 - Each entity (item, store, etc.) is then automatically assigned to a corresponding profile.
 - Output is a compatible file of the profiles or clusters that can overlay an existing planning system file
Additional Features:
 - Specifically designed for the high volumes of today's large retailers
 - Provided as a hosted services application designed to support multiple planning applications (seasonality, sizing, pricing, assortment, etc.)
To


text:
primates, thermoregulation, temperature, cold habitats
Powell, Brianna; Vinyard, Chris; Brittain, Rebecca; and Thompson, Cynthia, "Behavioral Thermoregulation during Winter in Japanese Macaques (Macaca fuscata)" (2015). Student Summer Scholars. 142.
Mammals use thermoregulatory behaviors to maintain optimal body temperatures when facing variable weather conditions. During cold temperatures, these behaviors can serve as an energetically inexpensive way to modulate heat loss. We assessed the use of thermoregulatory behaviors in a semi free-ranging group of Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) in Inuyama, Japan during winter. We recorded activity, body postures, and sun exposure for five animals (N=443 observation hrs) exposed to natural thermal variation (-2.9°C to 10.8°C). Air temperature and solar radiation were recorded via an on-site weather station. At colder temperatures, macaques utilized heat-conserving body postures more frequently, engaged in longer periods of physical contact, and spent less time moving. Additionally, when daytime solar radiation was high, macaques rested in sunny locations more frequently than shady locations. These results are consistent with a strategy to behaviorally conserve heat loss. Decreases in movement at cold temperatures further suggest that animals are attempting to reduce energy expenditure when thermoregulatory costs are highest. In sum, these results indicate that Japanese macaques utilize heatand energy-conserving behaviors as part of their thermoregulatory repertoire when experiencing cold temperatures in winter.


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I was going through Eric Lippert's latest Blog post for Guidelines and rules for GetHashCode when i hit this para:
We could be even more clever here; just as a List resizes itself when it gets full, the bucket set could resize itself as well, to ensure that the average bucket length stays low. Also, for technical reasons it is often a good idea to make the bucket set length a prime number, rather than 100. There are plenty of improvements we could make to this hash table. But this quick sketch of a naive implementation of a hash table will do for now. I want to keep it simple.
So looks like i'm missing something. Why is it a good practice to set it to a prime number?.
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Why write your own when there are better, tested, and fast implementations built into the.Net framework? Check under System.Collections. – Will Mar 1 '11 at 8:36
_USER_ i am not writing my own.. and moreover Eric is just giving an example there... – Shekhar_Pro Mar 1 '11 at 8:40
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3 Answers
up vote 7 down vote accepted
Say your bucket set length is a power of 2 - that makes the mod calculations quite fast. It also means that the bucket selection is determine solely by the top m bits of the hash code. (Where m = 32 - n, where n is the power of 2 being used). So it's like you're throwing away useful bits of the hashcode immediately.
Or as in this blog post from 2006 puts it:
Suppose your hashCode function results in the following hashCodes among others {x, 2x, 3x, 4x, 5x, 6x...}, then all these are going to be clustered in just m number of buckets, where m = table_length/GreatestCommonFactor(table_length, x). (It is trivial to verify/derive this). Now you can do one of the following to avoid clustering:
Or simply make m equal to the table_length by making GreatestCommonFactor(table_length, x) equal to 1, i.e by making table_length coprime with x. And if x can be just about any number then make sure that table_length is a prime number.
share|improve this answer
I know this is resurrecting an old thread, but your first paragraph confuses me. Consider your power of 2 to be 128, in this case hash%128 will be the same as hash&127, which means only the last 7 bits are going to decide the bucket selection. Or is my understanding wrong? – jogabonito Feb 21 at 7:33
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Because this produces a better hash function and reduces the number of possible collisions. This is explained in Choosing a good hashing function:
A basic requirement is that the function should provide a uniform distribution of hash values. A non-uniform distribution increases the number of collisions, and the cost of resolving them.
The distribution needs to be uniform only for table sizes s that occur in the application. In particular, if one uses dynamic resizing with exact doubling and halving of s, the hash function needs to be uniform only when s is a power of two. On the other hand, some hashing algorithms provide uniform hashes only when s is a prime number.
share|improve this answer
+1 thats a good answer... but then don't we loose the number of hashes we can have within a given range... – Shekhar_Pro Mar 1 '11 at 8:44
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You can find people that suggest the two opposite ends of the spectrum. On the one side, choosing a prime number for the size of the hash table will reduce the chances of collisions, even if the hash function is not too effective distributing the results. Note that if (in the simplest example to argue about) a power of 2 size is decided, only the lower bits affect the bucket, while for a prime number most bits in the result of the hash will be used.
On the other hand, you can gain more by choosing a better hash function, or even rehashing he result of the hash function by applying some bit operations, and using a power of 2 hash size to speed up calculations.
As an example from real life, Java HashTable were initially implemented by using prime (or almost prime sizes), but from Java 1.4 on, the design was changed to use power of two number of buckets and added a second fast hash function applied to the result of the initial hash. An interesting article commenting that change can be found here.
So basically:
 - a prime number helps dispersing the inputs across the different buckets even in the event of not-so-good hash functions.
 - a similar effect can be achieved by post processing the result of the hash function, and using a power of 2 size to speedup the modulo operation (bit mask) and compensate for the post processing.
share|improve this answer
+1 thanx.. this one's more descriptive.. – Shekhar_Pro Mar 4 '11 at 3:38
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There are two GIS facilities that are associated with CFS. The first is the GIS and Remote Sensing Lab that is housed by the Department of Geography in 323 Farrah Hall. This lab is maintained by Dr. Luoheng Han and houses several different types of computers, digitizing boards, printers, and GIS/Remote Sensing software. (Follow the appropriate link for a complete listing and description).
The GIS/Imaging Lab for Aquatic Biology is housed in rooms 1085A and 1085C in the Bevill Building. This lab is maintained by Dr. G. Milton Ward. Choose the following links to see the description for each lab as set up by the department housing the facility.


text:
I want to know methods which are fully parallelizable on CUDA architecture. I have implemented the Jacobi and Conjugate Gradient methods and now Im thinking about the Bi-Conjugate gradient method. I was using the cublas library to simplify some basic algebra operations. Someone said me that Gauss-Seidel is semi-parallelizable. I am new on CUDA, so I cannot understand some issues in the Cholesky descomposition or Gaussian-Elimination papers like:
I can't understand the new algorithms, so I am saying that I have to use the classic numerical algorithms(I am not able to "create" that kind of algorithms), something like.
The point is, does there exist any "theory" about parallelizing of those algorithms? Because it was easy for me the Jacobi parallelization and conjugate gradient methods, there was some saxpy and gemv operations inside the algorithms.
For example in the Cholesky's case the inner loop depends of the first, how we can solve this?
for k = 1 to n... for j = k + 1 to n
PS: I always developed the algorithms on C++ and from there I started to parallelizing process( it means the process of "discovering" how to parallelize )