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In my opinion there is confusion around the architect positions. I have seen some strange position titles with the word "architect" in them. The way I like to explain the whole concept is by comparing organization architects to building architects. The building architect's main focus is the design and integrity of a building whereas the organization architect's main focus is the design and integrity of the whole operation. There are 3 architectural levels as follows:
1. Building Architect – The role of a building architect is to understand the strategic goals and objectives of the building and create a design working within the city's policies and standards. This is true wether the design is a renovation, addition or a new build. The end result is a blue print.
A building architect is not an electrician nor plumber and does not get into the wiring nor plumbing details but does have an appreciation of the trades and can highlight certain requirements. Once the main blue print is created an electrician will take a copy and start over laying their designs, and a plumber will do the same thing.
2. Discipline Architects – Electricians and plumbers are examples of disciplines. The role of an electrician for example is to understand the building codes that apply to electrical, add their design to the blue print, have the implementation inspected to ensure compliancy and coordinate with experts related to specialty electrical systems.
For example the head electrician will direct staff to drill the holes and pull the wires implementing the design, schedule an inspector to ensure compliancy and coordinate with a home theatre specialist.
An electrician is not an expert in all of the different electrical systems. They will reach out to solution experts in this case the home theatre specialist to detail the designs for a home theatre system. The electrician will coordinate among all of the electrical system experts.
3. Solution Architects – The home theatre specialist is an example of a solution architect. They know their system inside and out, their sole focus is that one system.
Going back to the organization architects you will notice a similar pattern.
1. Enterprise Architect – The role of the enterprise architect is to understand the strategic goals and objectives of the organization and create a design. The end result is a "TO BE Architecture" or Future Operating Model. For more details around the role and responsibilities of an EA refer to my previous post.
2. Discipline Architects – The discipline architects focus on designs and standards within their area of discipline. Their role is to work with the EA to understand the TO BE Architecture (similar to the blue print) and to over lay the details of their discipline. They will create standards (similar to the building codes in the example above) to ensure consistency, reviews (similar to inspections in the example above) to ensure compliance and create measures and tools as a way to monitor the day to day operations ensuring strategic goals continue to be met. Looking at each discipline independently:
- The business architect is all about the user/customer/client experience, and efficient business processes. The tools and measures center around KPIs (Key Progress Indicators). The business process manager and business analyst are examples of roles that would use the measures and tools to ensure day to day operations continue to meet the goals.
- The data and information architects as their name states focus on data and information. The difference between the two is the data architect usually focuses more within the database and the information architect deals with the bigger picture of enterprise content of which data is just one part. This discipline works very closely with the business architect. They must understand how information relates to the business, and how it is used within the processes so they can create standards around how to find, store, use, share and secure the data and information.
- The integration and application architects focus on software. The difference between the two is the integration architect usually focuses more with the in's and out's of the different systems and how they communicate with each other. The application architect deals with the bigger picture and focuses on the systems and functions including integration. This discipline works with the business and information architects to understand how the functions relate to the business processes. They create standards ensuring applications are decommissioned to avoid duplication, upgrades happen to avoid unsupported software, and functions are efficient and shared across systems to avoid duplications and inconsistency.
- The technical and infrastructure architects focus on hardware. They create standards related to the network, servers, and routers as a few examples.
- The security architect works closely with each of the other 4 disciplines adding the security components and standards. They also create measures and tools to assist with risk assessments and security breaches.
3. The solution architects – The solution architects are focused on individual areas or systems within an organization. Each of the 5 disciplines have a number of solution architects to help detail out the specific pieces within their domain. They are responsible for the designs, standards and measures related to their system.
In summary an architect does not implement nor run the day to day business, they create:
- designs so everyone knows what they are working towards,
- standards and guidelines to ensure consistency across the organization during implementation,
- reviews to ensure compliancy and
- measures and tools to ensure production is meeting the organizations goals and objectives.
The difference between the Enterprise Architect and Solution Architect is the area of focus and the level of detail.


What is the National Animal of Ireland?
The mountain hare, the national mammal of the country of the Ireland.
A national animal, just like any other state symbol, must have symbolic meaning in order to represent a country. To this Ireland is no exception. However, because the country was not partitioned until 1922 many national symbols represent the period of Ireland before the division.
The National Bird
In the year 1990, the Irish Wildlife conservancy declared the northern lapwing bird as the national bird of the Republic of Ireland, while the Eurasian oystercatcher acts as the national bird for Northern Ireland. This decision was made in 1961 albeit unofficially. Several birds have been put forward as suitable candidates for the national bird position. These birds have included species such as the peregrine falcon, Eurasian curlew, Bohemian waxwing, common swift, and northern pintail.
The national fish of Ireland is the Nothern pike. Fresh water fish have been described as Ireland's national fish. They are also called coarse fish. This category includes the likes of bream perch and carp.
Dog Breed
The national dog breed for the Republic of Ireland is the Irish Wolfhound though some people contest the idea, proposing the Kerry Blue Terrier as the substitute.
The national land animal is not very clear although the Irish Hare has been treated as the national animal. It can be noted that the hare was not the original idea for a national animal. Initially the Irish elk is what was defined as the national animal, an iconic mammal that was found in the whole of Northern Europe. Since this mammal no longer exists, the next possible contender for the spot was the red deer. This was not well received as its origin was also not very clear. Some people still consider the red deer as the national animal. It has faced extinction as its population reduced to such a point that a conservation project was created just to protect the species.
The mountain hare was agreed on as the national animal. This animal is unique to Ireland and not found in any other place. Despite their position of importance this sub species is sadly on a slow decline. The number of mountain hares has been reducing gradually to the concern of many in Ireland who love the animal. According to a survey that was carried out in farms around mountainous areas, the animal might need to be protected from consumption.
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New GemBox.Spreadsheet 4.5 Release with support for right-to-left scripts
We have just released a new setup, help, and examples for the GemBox.Spreadsheet 4.5 with support for bidirectional texts when saving to PDF, XPS, or image file formats. This includes support for languages that use a right-to-left script such as Arabic, Persian, Urdu, Hebrew, or Yiddish.
We also added support for customizing the direction of the workbook elements by using the following properties:
- CellStyle.TextDirection – specifies the reading order of the cell
- ExcelViewOptions.ShowColumnsFromRightToLeft – specifies the direction of the worksheet

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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How to draw a cartoon bowling ball
The best way to draw a cartoon bowling ball is not necessarily by playing this amusing activity. You just need to draw a circle and add a couple of holes! But in this tutorial, you will learn how to draw a simple ball with subtle, but effective reflection. Are you ready to draw?
Start your illustration by sketching a big and round circle.
Next, add the three holes on the ball using smaller circles. The one on the bottom should be a little bit lower than the other two circles.
Continue working on the ball by sketching small shadows inside each hole. We want to add a little depth to our illustration to make it look more enjoyable.
Finally, add a big shadow on your bowling ball by drawing a semi-circle on the top right section of the object.
Color your ball in black and add some grey tones to the shadows inside each hole (and on the one on top of the ball).
Finish your drawing by adding some subtle shadows effect to it! Very nice! With a perfect bowling ball like this one, you should be able to play a perfect game the next time you play bowling! Enjoy!
Go back from How to draw a cartoon bowling ball to home page

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


System Administration Guide: Devices and File Systems
ProcedureHow to Extract an Audio Track on a CD
Use the following procedure to extract an audio track from a CD and copy the audio track to a new CD.
If you don't use the cdrw -T option to specify the audio file type, the cdrw command uses the filename extension to determine the audio file type. For example, the cdrw command detects that this file is a.wav file.
$ cdrw -x 1 testme.wav
 1. Insert an audio CD into the CD-RW drive.
 2. Extract an audio track.
 $ cdrw -x -T audio-type 1 audio-file
 Extracts audio data from an audio CD.
 T audio-type
 Identifies the type of audio file to be extracted. Supported audio types are sun, wav, cda, or aur.
 Identifies the audio track to be extracted.
 3. Copy the track to a new CD.
 $ cdrw -a audio-file
Example 4–3 Extracting and Creating Audio CDs
The following example shows how to extract the first track from an audio CD and name the file song1.wav.
$ cdrw -x -T wav 1 song1.wav
Extracting audio from track 1...done.
This example shows how to copy a track to an audio CD.
$ cdrw -a song1.wav
Initializing device...done.
Writing track 1...done.
Finalizing (Can take several minutes)...done.


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gpmapreduce configuration file.
%YAML 1.1 --- VERSION: 126.96.36.199 DATABASE: dbname USER: db_username HOST: master_hostname PORT: master_port
DEFINE: - INPUT: NAME: input_name FILE: - hostname:/path/to/file GPFDIST: - hostname:port/file_pattern TABLE: table_name QUERY: SELECT_statement EXEC: command_string COLUMNS: - field_name data_type FORMAT: TEXT | CSV DELIMITER: delimiter_character ESCAPE: escape_character NULL: null_string QUOTE: csv_quote_character ERROR_LIMIT: integer ENCODING: database_encoding
- OUTPUT: NAME: output_name FILE: file_path_on_client TABLE: table_name KEYS: - column_name MODE: REPLACE | APPEND
- MAP: NAME: function_name FUNCTION: function_definition LANGUAGE: perl | python | c LIBRARY: /path/filename.so PARAMETERS: - nametype RETURNS: - nametype OPTIMIZE: STRICT IMMUTABLE MODE: SINGLE | MULTI
- TRANSITION | CONSOLIDATE | FINALIZE: NAME: function_name FUNCTION: function_definition LANGUAGE: perl | python | c LIBRARY: /path/filename.so PARAMETERS: - nametype RETURNS: - nametype OPTIMIZE: STRICT IMMUTABLE MODE: SINGLE | MULTI
- REDUCE: NAME: reduce_job_name TRANSITION: transition_function_name CONSOLIDATE: consolidate_function_name FINALIZE: finalize_function_name INITIALIZE: value KEYS: - key_name
- TASK: NAME: task_name SOURCE: input_name MAP: map_function_name REDUCE: reduce_function_name EXECUTE:
You specify the input, map and reduce tasks, and the output for the Greenplum MapReduce gpmapreduce program in a YAML-formatted configuration file. (This reference page uses the name gpmapreduce.yaml when referring to this file; you may choose your own name for the file.)
The gpmapreduce utility processes the YAML configuration file in order, using indentation (spaces) to determine the document hierarchy and the relationships between the sections. The use of white space in the file is significant.
Keys and Values
Required. The version of the Greenplum MapReduce YAML specification. Current supported versions are 188.8.131.52, 184.108.40.206, and 220.127.116.11.
- Optional. Specifies which database in Greenplum to connect to. If not specified, defaults to the default database or $PGDATABASE if set.
- Optional. Specifies which database role to use to connect. If not specified, defaults to the current user or $PGUSER if set. You must be a Greenplum superuser to run functions written in untrusted Python and Perl. Regular database users can run functions written in trusted Perl. You also must be a database superuser to run MapReduce jobs that contain FILE, GPFDIST and EXEC input types.
- Optional. Specifies Greenplum master host name. If not specified, defaults to localhost or $PGHOST if set.
- Optional. Specifies Greenplum master port. If not specified, defaults to 5432 or $PGPORT if set.
- Required. A sequence of definitions for this MapReduce document. The
DEFINE section must have at least one INPUT
- Required. Defines the input data. Every MapReduce document must have at least
one input defined. Multiple input definitions are allowed in a document, but each
input definition can specify only one of these access types: a file, a
gpfdist file reference, a table in the database, an
SQL command, or an operating system command. See gpfdist
for information about this reference.
A name for this input. Names must be unique with regards to the names of other objects in this MapReduce job (such as map function, task, reduce function and output names). Also, names cannot conflict with existing objects in the database (such as tables, functions or views).
- A sequence of one or more input files in the format: seghostname:/path/to/filename. You must be a Greenplum Database superuser to run MapReduce jobs with FILE input. The file must reside on a Greenplum segment host.
- A sequence identifying one or more running gpfdist file servers in the format: hostname[:port]/file_pattern. You must be a Greenplum Database superuser to run MapReduce jobs with GPFDIST input.
- The name of an existing table in the database.
- A SQL SELECT command to run within the database.
- An operating system command to run on the Greenplum segment hosts. The command is run by all segment instances in the system by default. For example, if you have four segment instances per segment host, the command will be run four times on each host. You must be a Greenplum Database superuser to run MapReduce jobs with EXEC input.
- Optional. Columns are specified as: column_name [data_type]. If not specified, the default is value text. The DELIMITER character is what separates two data value fields (columns). A row is determined by a line feed character (0x0a).
Optional. Specifies the format of the data - either delimited text (TEXT) or comma separated values (CSV) format. If the data format is not specified, defaults to TEXT.
Optional for FILE, GPFDIST and EXEC inputs. Specifies a single character that separates data values. The default is a tab character in TEXT mode, a comma in CSV mode. The delimiter character must only appear between any two data value fields. Do not place a delimiter at the beginning or end of a row.
- Optional for FILE, GPFDIST and EXEC inputs. Specifies the single character that is used for C escape sequences (such as \n,\t,\100, and so on) and for escaping data characters that might otherwise be taken as row or column delimiters. Make sure to choose an escape character that is not used anywhere in your actual column data. The default escape character is a \ (backslash) for text-formatted files and a " (double quote) for csv-formatted files, however it is possible to specify another character to represent an escape. It is also possible to disable escaping by specifying the value 'OFF' as the escape value. This is very useful for data such as text-formatted web log data that has many embedded backslashes that are not intended to be escapes.
- Optional for FILE, GPFDIST and EXEC inputs. Specifies the string that represents a null value. The default is \N in TEXT format, and an empty value with no quotations in CSV format. You might prefer an empty string even in TEXT mode for cases where you do not want to distinguish nulls from empty strings. Any input data item that matches this string will be considered a null value.
- Optional for FILE, GPFDIST and EXEC inputs. Specifies the quotation character for CSV formatted files. The default is a double quote ("). In CSV formatted files, data value fields must be enclosed in double quotes if they contain any commas or embedded new lines. Fields that contain double quote characters must be surrounded by double quotes, and the embedded double quotes must each be represented by a pair of consecutive double quotes. It is important to always open and close quotes correctly in order for data rows to be parsed correctly.
- If the input rows have format errors they will be discarded provided that the error limit count is not reached on any Greenplum segment instance during input processing. If the error limit is not reached, all good rows will be processed and any error rows discarded.
- Character set encoding to use for the data. Specify a string constant (such as 'SQL_ASCII'), an integer encoding number, or DEFAULT to use the default client encoding. See Character Set Support for more information.
- Optional. Defines where to output the formatted data of this MapReduce job. If
output is not defined, the default is STDOUT (standard output of
the client). You can send output to a file on the client host or to an existing
table in the database.
- A name for this output. The default output name is STDOUT. Names must be unique with regards to the names of other objects in this MapReduce job (such as map function, task, reduce function and input names). Also, names cannot conflict with existing objects in the database (such as tables, functions or views).
- Specifies a file location on the MapReduce client machine to output data in the format: /path/to/filename.
- Specifies the name of a table in the database to output data. If this table does not exist prior to running the MapReduce job, it will be created using the distribution policy specified with KEYS.
- Optional for TABLE output. Specifies the column(s) to use as the Greenplum Database distribution key. If the EXECUTE task contains a REDUCE definition, then the REDUCE keys will be used as the table distribution key by default. Otherwise, the first column of the table will be used as the distribution key.
- Optional for TABLE output. If not specified, the default is to create the table if it does not already exist, but error out if it does exist. Declaring APPEND adds output data to an existing table (provided the table schema matches the output format) without removing any existing data. Declaring REPLACE will drop the table if it exists and then recreate it. Both APPEND and REPLACE will create a new table if one does not exist.
- Required. Each MAP function takes data structured in (key, value) pairs, processes each pair, and generates zero or more output (key, value) pairs. The Greenplum MapReduce framework then collects all pairs with the same key from all output lists and groups them together. This output is then passed to the REDUCE task, which is comprised of


Angel Number 20 Meanings – Why Are You Seeing 20
We all know that numbers are most often used as signs by our guardian angels as they are not able to communicate with us directly. Since the angels don't have a physical form, they look forward to different signs and symbols in order to communicate with humans. As we live in the modern days, we are always surrounded by numbers everywhere.
Meaning of 20 Angel Number – Seeing 20
Angel Number 20 Meaning
However, when there is a certain number or a definite sequence of numbers that keep appearing in our life, we have to understand that this is not merely a coincidence.
When your angels show you the same number in a repeated manner, they have an intention of bringing forth your attention to something that they earnestly want to convey to you regarding your present life situation.
There are few cases, where your eyes will be attracted towards the angel number 20. If you are someone who sees the angel number 20, go through this article to know more on the meaning, significance and symbolism of this special number.
Angel Number 20 – What does it mean?
There are many who are still not aware of the presence of the guardian angels in their life. Usually, guardian angels send us vital messages through numbers that we keep seeing regularly.
Whenever we constantly keep noticing the same number time and again or we feel that the number is following us, we should never ignore it. It may mean that the number is certainly our angel number.
Are you wondering how to know the kind of message that the number is trying to bring to you? Well, for that you need to know the symbolism and secret meaning of this number. The number 20 is always a warning sign that tells you never to be hasty.
People who are guided by the number 20 are prone to make hasty decisions that lead them to making wrong decisions, particularly when they think their security is being jeopardized or when they yearn for good company.
In case you happen to be attracted towards this number or you're someone who notices the number 20 too often, this is a sign that your angels are telling you to be patient in order to make wise decisions. You shouldn't rush while doing things. You need to stay aware of any potential danger that may occur if you make rash decisions and learn to be thoughtful and patient.
People who are guided by angel number 20 usually possess inner knowing of good and evil and they are often tested so that they can become stronger humans.
The angels teach them to maintain proper balance in different kinds of situations. They usually face difficulties while dealing with stress and can jeopardize their balance and peace thereby becoming sick, angry and sick.
Symbolism and Secret Meaning of Angel Number 20
It is already mentioned that the angel number 20 has a great connection with spirituality. If you're someone who keeps seeing this number, it means that now is the time to get all your answers to the biggest questions of life. Your guardian angel will tell you that you should think much more regarding the purpose in this world.
A person guided by angel number 20 is a divine creature and it is high time you begin your spiritual journey. Your guardian angels will let you retain a proper balance between your body, spirit and mind as this is the sole way in which you can remain happy and peaceful.
The angel number 20 is telling you that you should have bigger and more prominent dreams in life and you should try to believe in them. You also have to believe in your own self.
This is not the time to pay attention to what others say regarding you. You should know who you are as a person and there are your guardian angels that will help you during tough situations. You can turn your dreams into reality only if you have faith in yourself.
Angel Number 20 and Love
People who are guided by the angel number 20 can be easily influenced by others and are usually sensitive beings. They are the ones who can yearn for beauty and harmony in their lives.
They are people who motivate people and enhance their self-esteem. Number 20 people usually love to love others as they are caring and nurturing people.
They often face issues with their confidence and self-esteem and this is the main reason behind experiencing issues in relationships. They tend to get too upset about fights and they try extremely hard to obtain peace at any cost.
And They love the company of others and also their friends. They might face security and privacy issues and are desperate for seeking the company of others.
The vital lesson that the people need to learn in this life is to gain balance in everything but never at the cost of pleasing others. They should learn the vitality and necessity of self-love and self-worth.
Such people require learning how to respect, love and appreciate themselves at the first place. Once they learn that, they will start enjoying their relationships because of balance and mutual respect.
Angel Number 20 – Numerology Facts
It goes without mentioning that angel number 20 is a powerful number as it comprises of the double power of the number 10 that symbolizes completions and endings. This number is a symbol of completion of life cycles, summing up of all kinds of efforts and forgetting your past deeds and turning them into reality.
The numbers 2 and 0 symbolize new beginnings and duality and hence they add to the power of this number. This number is significant in several cultures and hence they are also seen to be mentioned in the Bible.
So, if you start seeing the number 20 everywhere, you'd know that your guardian angels are trying to guide you towards a life of harmony and balance.
Once you start following this life, you can achieve your life mission and soul purpose. Angels are trying to inform you that the things that are going to unfold will all be in your best interest. You'll soon reap benefits of the efforts that you put in.
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Definitions of pray
n. & v. - See Pry. 2
v. i. - To make request with earnestness or zeal, as for something desired; to make entreaty or supplication; to offer prayer to a deity or divine being as a religious act; specifically, to address the Supreme Being with adoration, confession, supplication, and thanksgiving. 2
v. t. - To address earnest request to; to supplicate; to entreat; to implore; to beseech. 2
v. t. - To ask earnestly for; to seek to obtain by supplication; to entreat for. 2
v. t. - To effect or accomplish by praying; as, to pray a soul out of purgatory. 2
The word "pray" uses 4 letters: A P R Y.
No direct anagrams for pray found in this word list.
Words formed by adding one letter before or after pray (in bold), or to apry in any order:
d - pardy e - apery payer repay g - grapy h - harpy n - pyran o - payor r - parry s - prays raspy spray t - party
List shorter words within pray, sorted by length
All words formed from pray by changing one letter
Browse words starting with pray by next letter


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Standard House Measurements
The standard house measurement in the United States is 2,349 square feet. That is double the figure during the 1950s. A look at the history of housing in the US reveals that house dimensions have increased as living standards went up.
18th Century Homes
Records show the first American homes were one storey, one room edifices made using European building techniques. These were remodeled to fit the topography and setting in the New World.
Most of these homes never went beyond 450 sq ft. As the years went by however, these homes were expanded. Around the 1850s, the houses were expanded. Most notably, the heights were increased by 12 inches or more.
19th Century Standard House Measurements
Many small row houses emerged during this time. These houses measured 20 feet across. These narrow homes would however, extend 40 feet back. As the years passed, the row houses became deeper. The 25 ft lots were segregated into three sections.
But many big homes were constructed during the 1800s. Many of them were between 2,200 and 2,800 sq ft. This is about the size of the typical home today. The bedrooms and other rooms became standardized around this time.
20th Century Homes
The oldest bungalow houses in the US measured 600 to 800 sq ft. The square footage of these early 20th century homes were minimized to make up for the costs of heating and plumbing. Around the 1950s, the average size was 1,000 sq ft. During the 1970s, the standard house measurements were 1500 sq ft.
While the house size is increasing, the lot size has been decreasing. In 1990, the typical lot size was 14,680 sq ft. In 1998, the average lot size shrank to 12,870 sq ft.
By 2010 the lot size will go down by another one thousand sq ft. By compassion, the average lot in the 1970s was 1,125 sq ft.
Important Measurements for House Designs
The average height for master bathroom cabinets is 29". However, some designers prefer a height of 35". For kids the height is usually 31". The standard bathroom cabinet depth is 18 to 20".
If you are going to install a chandelier, the installation height should be 30" over the table. This is for an 8 ft high ceiling. If the ceiling is over eight feet, the installation height should be 34 inches high.
For paintings, pictures and other hangings, it should be at eye level. In most cases that would be 65" from the ground.
The height of the average kitchen cabinet is 34-1/2" from the floor. The typical kitchen cabinet wall installation height is 18" off the countertop. That is equal to 54" above your floor.
The typical kitchen base cabinet is 24 inches wide. The standard kitchen wall cabinet is 12" wide. The kitchen countertop space from the sink is 18 to 30" for one side and 48 to 54" by the other.
These dimensions are suitable for the standard house measurements. If your home is smaller or bigger, you will have to make changes to the specifications.


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Pretty much what the title says. My base question is this. Assuming I take a piece of steel, and a piece of PVC plastic and I measure both their temperatures and find they are the same. I then take a look at the vibration speeds of the individual molecules would they be the same as well?
Here's a rough example:
I measure both the steel and PVC and find them both at 100F, and then I measure the vibrations of a molecule in the steel and find it to be moving at 10 miles an hour. Would the PVC molecules also be moving at 10 miles an hour?
I'm sure I'm not using the correct units of measure to measure the vibration, but I didn't know what the correct unit of measure is for something like that. Hopefully it gets the point across.
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No, because the atoms in steel and plastic have different masses.
Your example is a bit more complicated than it need be because steel (well iron) is an element while plastic is a compound. This complicates things because molecules can have internal motions that contribute to the energy. A better comparision might be between lead and lithium. These are both elements to you just need to consider the motions of the Pb and Li atoms. For a given kinetic energy a lead atom will be moving more slowly than a lithium atom because it's heavier.
You could think of it this way: if you touch the piece of lead to the piece of lithium the atoms will be in contact so they'll swap energy by bashing into each other. If a lead atom hits a lithium atom the Li atom will recoil a lot faster than a Pb atom.
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Its probably simpler to think of gases. From the Wikipedia article on the Kinetic Theory of Gases, the average kinetic energy of molecules in an ideal gas is 3/2 k_b T. But since molecules of nitrogen (28) are lighter than molecules of oxygen (32), it follows that at the same temperature, an "average" nitrogen molecule is moving about 7% faster than an "average" oxygen molecule. – Anonymous Jun 2 '12 at 17:05
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Goal Expectation and Efficiency
This article has been written by Constantinos Chappas (who can be followed on Twitter _USER_)
Introducing Goal Expectation
It's Sunday afternoon, you are heading home trying to catch the end of the match on TV but traffic is holding you back. By the time you get home, the final whistle was blown and you manage to catch a glimpse of the match statistics screen. Your team had 12 shots, with 8 on target yet they only drew 1-1.
"Their keeper must have played a blinder", you think to yourself. Well, possibly. But then again, maybe not. It depends on where those 12 shots were taken from.
If they were taken from way outside the box and tamely reached the opposition goal, then they don't really count for much, do they? On the other hand, if the opposition goalie had just saved 7 1-on-1s, well that's different. In effect, some shots or chances in general are worth more than others.
While discussing this with Colin Trainor (do follow him at _USER_), we realised that a shot – or a shot on target for that matter – is not an adequate metric. Some shots have a higher probability of being converted into goals whereas others a much lower one.
As a result, we came up with a metric which considers a number of important factors affecting the chance of a particular shot being scored and assigns a figure for the probability of a goal (or the shot's goal expectation) and named it ExpG. The exact calculations of ExpG will remain private as a lot of work between us has been dedicated to its creation.
ExpG and Shooting Efficiency
The reason behind the introduction of ExpG would be to provide a metric that chances / strikers / teams can be compared on. If a striker has a 25% conversion rate, that does not mean that he is a better finisher compared to someone with a 20% conversion rate. Perhaps his chances were from more favourable positions compared to the other striker's chances. Therefore unless we somehow break down the conversion rate (e.g. shots from inside/outside the area) and look at those individual figures, we would be comparing apples with oranges.
The proposed metric ExpG alleviates part of this problem. If a player, given the chances he was presented with, had an ExpG of 10.3 goals, he would be expected to score around 10 goals. If he managed to get on the scoresheet 12 times it could mean that he is an above average finisher whereas a player who only managed 12 goals while he was expected to score ExpG = 16.4 goals, would be considered as inferior.
An efficiency measure can be introduced here by dividing the number of goals a player or team has scored – excluding own goals when looking at team efficiency – by the number of goals that player or team was expected to score. An average player or team, in terms of efficiency, would have ratings equal to 1
Colin briefly introduced ExpG in his piece here and previously here so the purpose of this piece is to delve a little bit deeper and present some of our analysis and results.
Potential explanations for some of the results are offered but it has to be stressed here that this is very much work under progress therefore ExpG are always likely to be updated depending on what our research uncovers.
Shooting Efficiency Across Leagues
Without further ado, we start by looking at the shooting efficiency figures across the top divisions in England, France, Germany, Italy and Spain for the 2012-2013 season. For comparison purposes we can look at the deviation of each shooting efficiency figure from 1.00.
Plot 1
Based on our measure of shooting efficiency, it would seem that players in the English league are on average more inefficient i.e. they score fewer goals (approximately 10% fewer) than what they would be expected to score given the chances they are presented with, compared to players from other leagues. Germany appears in the opposite end of the spectrum of shooting efficiency and in fact this has also been mentioned by others such as Ted Knutson in his piece here.
Not the first time the words "Germany" and "efficiency" appear in the same sentence, I guess!
One potential issue to consider here which is not taken into account in our analysis due to shortage of available data is the effect the defensive organization of a team, including the defenders' positioning or defensive pressure has on ExpG. Faced with better defenders, a striker might be less likely to score a goal compared to when he faces a team with average defensive capabilities. This could potentially be a factor explaining the below average efficiency in England and Italy as identified by Colin himself at in his article here.
Shooting Efficiency By Team
If we now turn our attention to the team level, shooting efficiency for all 98 teams in these leagues follows a reasonably symmetric and roughly Normal distribution with the majority of teams exhibiting around average efficiency.
Plot 2
For comparison purposes, league average efficiency figures have been included as dashed lines and correspond to the previous plot. A lot has been said about the Barcelona team of recent years and they excel in this metric with a shooting efficiency of 1.44. Having first accounted for a number of factors through this analysis, Barcelona's conversion of chances remains very high and while part of this may be down to the quality of strikers they possess, interestingly enough even a Messi-less Barcelona registers a shooting efficiency of 1.35. On the other hand, only 3 English teams register an above-average attacking shooting efficiency.
A different way of visualizing the results is by plotting the expected versus the actual goals per match scored by each team – having first excluded own goals. Note that the number of expected goals for a team is simply the sum of ExpG for all of their attempted shots.
Plot 3
The blue line is a simple linear regression whereas the black dashed line is the equality line i.e. when teams have scored the same amount of goals they were expected to do. The green area highlights the confidence limits for the model fit whereas the blue area presents 95% prediction limits for individual teams.
In other words, we expect approximately 5% of the number of teams to fall outside of the blue band. The fact that both lines appear very close and the model appears to be a very good fit is reassuring. It suggests that ExpG is on average a good metric or even a substitute for actual goals, because it doesn't consistently overor under-estimate the number of goals a team/player will score.
Barcelona, Bayern Munich and Borussia Dortmund have actually scored a significantly higher number of goals compared to what they were expected to do, given the type of chances they were presented with whereas Everton and Manchester City have vastly underperformed in this area.
Somewhat surprising, neither Bayern Munich nor Borussia Dortmund has the second highest shooting efficiency after the Catalans. Remember that shooting efficiency is defined as the number of actual goals divided by the number of expected goals, i.e. the slope of the dashed line. So the second prize goes to … (drumroll!):
Plot 4
… Lorient! Scoring a total of 56 goals whereas given their chances, they were expected to just score 41.5 goals, registering an attacking shooting efficiency of 1.35. Intriguingly enough, all but 1 Lorient players expected to score at least 1 goal registered above average efficiency. A further look at the Top 10 teams in terms of attacking efficiency reveals no English or Italian team excelling at this measure.
Plot 5
The top ranked Italian team and 16th overall is Catania with an attacking efficiency rating of 1.144 while champions Juventus appearing in 81st place out of 98 teams with a rating of 0.843. The 3 English teams with above average efficiency are Aston Villa (ranked 27th overall with 1.055), Man Utd (ranked 32nd overall with 1.041) and Swansea (ranked 40th overall with 1.020). Other notable teams include Real Madrid (30th with 1.054), PSG (38th with 1.025), Chelsea (50th with 0.980), Arsenal (56th with 0.961) and Liverpool (79th with 0.858).
Shooting Efficiency in Defensive Terms
To win matches, a team does not only need to score goals but defend against them too. It's therefore only natural to look at the same measure (shooting efficiency) but in defensive terms.
Which were those teams that defended well enough to prevent their opponents from scoring the number of goals their chances should have allowed them to do?
Plot 6
Once again as would be expected, most of the teams have close to average figures. Numbers above 1.00 indicate teams which conceded more goals than were expected to do whereas teams which register small numbers highlight teams with defences that prevented their opposition from scoring their expected numbers.
A single French team (PSG) comes on top of this metric with a value of 0.65 which translates to 35% fewer goals conceded than what would have been expected under this analysis. Bottom of this statistic, one can find Hoffenheim who conceded 66 goals whereas based on our research the chances the opposition had would only justify conceding 43.2 goals.
Looking at the actual and expected number of goals conceded per match an interesting issue appears. The equality line between actual and expected goals does not fall within the fitted line's confidence limits. This could be down to the particular dataset (as the points only correspond to the 2012-2013 performance of these


text:
Japan's National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) has developed a CIGS solar panel that prevents potential induced degradation (PID).
PID lowers power generation capacity at mega-solar (large-scale solar) power plants, etc. The development was announced March 18, 2014.
For the new CIGS solar panel, AIST employed an ionomer resin, which is made by adding a small number of metal ions to an interpolymer of ethylene and methacrylic acid to form bridges between molecules, as a sealing material instead of EVA.
In its own experiment, AIST found that CIGS solar panels are more resistant to PID than silicon-based solar panels. In addition, it succeeded in further improving PID resistance by using an ionomer resin, which has a high volume resistivity, as a sealing material.


text:
Residents who live in high-rise buildings have a unique lifestyle and different expectations for community living – even when it comes to their preference for disposing of garbage. In my experience, trash chutes and trash valet are typically the two options available for enclosed buildings in metropolitan areas. If you're left making this complex decision for your building, here are some guidelines to help you decide which trash management solution is right for you.
What is a Trash Chute?
A trash chute is a large, vertical tube in which garbage can be deposited at various points and collected in a single location. The chute spans multiple levels and each floor has a specific room that residents can use to access a portion of the chute.
Benefits of Installing a Trash Chute:
- Convenience. Residents don't have to adhere to a schedule - they can dispose of their trash at any time.
- Appearance. Hallways appear cleaner because trash cans aren't outside of each unit.
- Cost. Installation is during the construction phase of the building and existing employees can receive maintenance training.
Cons of Installing a Trash Chute:
- Maintenance. Because trash can get stuck in chutes and pile up in rooms, daily maintenance is required.
- Conditions. There is a lot of science involved. It's important to have the correct cleaning chemicals, fresheners, and air pressure throughout the year.
- Recycling. Recycling isn't always an option because all trash goes to the same place.
- Repairs. While installation is inexpensive, repairs to the chute doors can be costly.
- Location. The location may not be easily accessible for all units.
What is Trash Valet?
Trash valet is a garbage pick-up service that a property can offer to residents. Residents place a provided trash can outside of their unit at a scheduled time, and an employee will empty the resident's trash can and dispose of their garbage for them. After the trash has been discarded, residents are responsible for bringing the empty trash can back into their unit.
Benefits of Trash Valet:
- Convenience. Residents don't have to carry heavy or dripping bags of trash down the hall or flights of stairs.
- Volume. Trash won't pile up and smell in units or trash chute rooms.
- Recycling. Residents typically have the option to recycle because it's sorted by hand.
- Added value. Just like valet parking or a concierge, trash valet is another service that makes the high-rise more sellable and attractive.
Cons of Trash Valet:
- Scheduling. Residents must adhere to a strict pickup schedule.
- Enforcement. If residents don't comply with the schedule, fines may be issued.
- Appearance. The trash cans can make hallways appear cluttered at times.
- Cost. A staff member must be available to collect trash after hours, or outside vendors may need to be hired.
Overall, both trash chutes and trash valet have many benefits and challenges. While high-rise residents may live similar lifestyles, each building is different. Weigh your options carefully and choose what makes the most sense for your building. Regardless of your decision, always be consistent and set clear standards and expectations for the community.
About the AuthorMore Content by Leah Stanfield


text: OBJECTIVE: A subset of drivers with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) may be at significant risk of hypoglycemia-related driving collisions and moving vehicle violations due to acute and chronic neurocognitive impairment. The present study compared drivers with T1DM with and without a recent history of multiple driving mishaps on a neurocognitive battery during euglycemia, progressive mild hypoglycemia, and recovery from hypoglycemia, to determine whether neurocognitive measures differentiate the two risk groups. We hypothesized that drivers with a history of multiple recent hypoglycemia-related driving mishaps would demonstrate greater psychomotor slowing, both during hypoglycemia and euglycemia. STUDY DESIGN: Partcipants were 42 adults with T1DM and were assigned to one of two groups: those reporting no driving mishaps in the last year (-History) and those reporting two or more (+History).Neurocognitive testing was conducted before and repeated during a hyper-insulinemic clamping procedure. RESULTS: Not surprisingly, all drivers demonstrated a decrease in functioning across all neurocognitive tasks during hypoglycemia. However, in contrast to the common belief that neurocognitive functions return slowly and gradually following hypoglycemia, baseline neurocognitive functioning immediately recovered upon return of BG to euglycemia for all subjects. Between-group analyses revealed that subjects with a recent history of driving mishaps consistently demonstrated poorer performance on tasks measuring working memory. CONCLUSION: Working memory is a potential neurocognitive indicator that may help differentiate adults with T1DM with and without a history of driving mishaps, predict future risk for driving mishaps, and provide targeted intervention programs to address this critical public health issue.


text:
Fresh, running water is a precious commodity and its generation requires a great deal of energy. Each station obtains its water by different means.
Casey and Mawson pump water from a melt lake behind the station and store it in a heated tank house.
Davis draws water from a local tarn which is processed by a Reverse Osmosis System which produces about 18,000 litres each 24 hours. The average station demand is around 10,000 – 14,000 litres a day.
Macquarie Island draws water from a dam located about 3 km from the station on the plateau. 200 metres above sea level. The water is pumped to two holding tanks.
Water saving appliances are installed wherever possible, but each person on station is asked to use as little water as possible.
You may be asked to restrict your shower to 3 minutes, and when water is short, to shower every second or third day.
Save your washing to do one big load rather than several smaller ones
Turn off the tap when cleaning your teeth.


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Main Content
Train DDPG Agent to Swing Up and Balance Cart-Pole System
This example shows how to train a deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG) agent to swing up and balance a cart-pole system modeled in Simscape™ Multibody™.
For more information on DDPG agents, see Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient Agents. For an example showing how to train a DDPG agent in MATLAB®, see Train DDPG Agent to Control Double Integrator System.
Cart-Pole Simscape Model
Open the model.
mdl = 'rlCartPoleSimscapeModel';
The cart-pole system is modeled using Simscape Multibody.
For this model:
 - The force action signal from the agent to the environment is from –15 to 15 N.
 - The observations from the environment are the position and velocity of the cart, and the sine, cosine, and derivative of the pole angle.
 - The episode terminates if the cart moves more than 3.5 m from the original position.
 - The reward rt, provided at every timestep, is
 - θt is the angle of displacement from the upright position of the pole.
 - xt is the position displacement from the center position of the cart.
 - ut-1 is the control effort from the previous time step.
 - B is a flag (1 or 0) that indicates whether the cart is out of bounds.
For more information on this model, see Load Predefined Simulink Environments.
Create Environment Interface
Create a predefined environment interface for the pole.
env = rlPredefinedEnv('CartPoleSimscapeModel-Continuous')
env =
SimulinkEnvWithAgent with properties:
 Model : rlCartPoleSimscapeModel
 AgentBlock : rlCartPoleSimscapeModel/RL Agent
 ResetFcn : []
 UseFastRestart : on
The interface has a continuous action space where the agent can apply possible torque values from –15 to 15 N to the pole.
Obtain the observation and action information from the environment interface.
obsInfo = getObservationInfo(env);
numObservations = obsInfo.Dimension(1);
actInfo = getActionInfo(env);
Specify the simulation time Tf and the agent sample time Ts in seconds
Ts = 0.02;
Tf = 25;
Fix the random generator seed for reproducibility.
Create DDPG Agent
A DDPG agent approximates the long-term reward, given observations and actions, using a critic value function representation. To create the critic, first create a deep neural network with two inputs (the state and action) and one output. The input size of action path is [1 1 1] since the agent can apply an action as one force value to the environment. For more information on creating a deep neural network value function representation, see Create Policy and Value Function Representations.
statePath = [
actionPath = [
commonPath = [
criticNetwork = layerGraph(statePath);
criticNetwork = addLayers(criticNetwork,actionPath);
criticNetwork = addLayers(criticNetwork,commonPath);
criticNetwork = connectLayers(criticNetwork,'CriticStateFC2','add/in1');
criticNetwork = connectLayers(criticNetwork,'CriticActionFC1','add/in2');
View the critic network configuration.
Specify options for the critic representation using rlRepresentationOptions.
criticOptions = rlRepresentationOptions('LearnRate',1e-03,'GradientThreshold',1);
Create the critic representation using the specified deep neural network and options. You must also specify the action and observation information for the critic, which you already obtained from the environment interface. For more information, see rlQValueRepresentation.
critic = rlQValueRepresentation(criticNetwork,obsInfo,actInfo,...
Construct the actor in a similar manner to the critic. For more information, see rlDeterministicActorRepresentation.
actorNetwork = [
actorOptions = rlRepresentationOptions('LearnRate',5e-04,'GradientThreshold',1);
To create the DDPG agent, first specify the DDPG agent options using rlDDPGAgentOptions.
agentOptions = rlDDPGAgentOptions(...
agentOptions.NoiseOptions.StandardDeviation = 0.4;
agentOptions.NoiseOptions.StandardDeviationDecayRate = 1e-5;
Then, create the agent using the specified actor representation, critic representation and agent options. For more information, see rlDDPGAgent.
agent = rlDDPGAgent(actor,critic,agentOptions);
Train Agent
 - Run each training episode for at most 2000 episodes, with each episode lasting at most ceil(Tf/Ts) time steps.
 - Stop training when the agent receives an average cumulative reward greater than –400 over five consecutive episodes. At this point, the agent can quickly balance the pole in the upright position using minimal control effort.
 - Save a copy of the agent for each episode where the cumulative reward is greater than –400.
For more information, see rlTrainingOptions.
maxepisodes = 2000;
maxsteps = ceil(Tf/Ts);
trainingOptions = rlTrainingOptions(...
Train the agent using the train function. Training this agent process is computationally intensive and takes several hours to complete. To save time while running this example, load a pretrained agent by setting doTraining to false. To train the agent yourself, set doTraining to true.
doTraining = false;
if doTraining
 % Train the agent.
 trainingStats = train(agent,env,trainingOptions);
 % Load the pretrained agent for the example.
Simulate DDPG Agent
simOptions = rlSimulationOptions('MaxSteps',500);
experience = sim(env,agent,simOptions);
See Also
| |
Related Topics


News, Performance Assessment..., STSM's
Environmental and Experimental Factors Affecting Efficacy Testing of Nonporous Plastic Antimicrobial Surfaces
Test methods for efficacy assessment of antimicrobial coatings are not modelled on a hospital environment, and instead use high humidity (>90%) high temperature (37 °C), and no airflow. Therefore, an inoculum will not dry, resulting in an antimicrobial surface exhibiting prolonged antimicrobial activity, as moisture is critical to activity. Liquids will dry quicker in a hospital ward, resulting in a reduced antimicrobial efficacy compared to the existing test, rendering the test results artificially favourable to the antimicrobial claim of the product. This study aimed to assess how hospital room environmental conditions can affect the drying time of an inoculum, and to use this data to inform test parameters for antimicrobial efficacy testing based on the hospital ward.
The drying time of different droplet sizes, in a range of environmental conditions likely found in a hospital ward, were recorded (n = 630), and used to create a model to inform users of the experimental conditions required to provide a drying time similar to what can be expected in the hospital ward. Drying time data demonstrated significant (p < 0.05) variance when humidity, temperature, and airflow were assessed. A mathematical model was created to select environmental conditions for in vitro antimicrobial efficacy testing. Drying time in different environmental conditions demonstrates that experimental set-ups affect the amount of time an inoculum stays wet, which in turn may affect the efficacy of an antimicrobial surface.
This should be an important consideration for hospitals and other potential users, whilst future tests predict efficacy in the intended end-use environment.
Authors: James Redfern 1,,Jake Tucker 2 ,Lisa M. Simmons 2 ,Peter Askew 3 ,Ina Stephan 4 and Joanna Verran 1
School of Healthcare Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester M1 5GD, UK
School of Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester M1 5GD, UK
IMSL, Pale Lane, Hartley Whitney, Hants RG27 8DH, UK, (AMiCI Project)
BAM, Unter den Eichen 87, 12205 Berlin, Germany
Link to full text on mps-logo Download text in PDF: pdf-dowload
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way too much but was determined to get out and have some fun. The accident pushed her tailbone over toward the right, where the bulk of her root energy had shifted to (i.e., the overdoing side) while jamming it up into the sacrum, resulting in swelling and pain in her left sacral area (i.e., frustration). There is no doubt that she was very frustrated from overdoing around the home, and the pattern of her accident revealed exactly this.
Eileen Day McKusick is a researcher, inventor, writer, educator, and practitioner who has been studying the effects of audible acoustic sound on the human body since 1996. She is the originator of a unique sound therapy method called Biofield Tuning (formerly sound balancing) that uses tuning forks to detect and correct distortions and static in the biofield (human energy field/aura). She is the author of the book Tuning the Human Biofield: Healing with Vibrational Sound Therapy. Eileen teaches Biofield Tuning nationally and internationally and speaks at conferences about sound, consciousness, and cosmology. She has an MA in Integrative Education and has currently paused her pursuit of a PhD to write her second book. She continues to pursue research and has partnered with a group of scientists to apply the scientific method to her Biofield Anatomy Hypothesis.
 - Publisher: Healing Arts Press (October 13, 2021)
 - Length: 288 pages
 - ISBN13: 9781644113189


Do fish die if you touch them? (Catch and Release Fishing)
Holding Fish Underwater
All anglers will come in contact with fish when landing the fish, removing the hook, or when putting the fish back in the water. Touching fish is just the nature of fishing and can't be avoided.
A common concern among catch-and-release anglers is do fish die if you touch them? A fish will not die when you touch them. By touching fish what is happening is that you are removing fish's protective slime coating. The slime coating has many different functions but its most important function is to provide the fish with protection against toxins and parasites. The longer an angler handles a fish, more of the protective slime coating is removed which increases the risk of the fish to become ill.
Cool Fact: Some fish can use their protective slime coating as a way to defend against predators. Hagfish will secrete excessive amounts of slime as a defensive mechanism when attacked. Check out this video from National Geographic where a shark ended up gagging on a hagfish's slime.
It is so important as a catch-and-release angler to minimize the amount of time you handle a fish in order to maintain the fish's protective slime coating. That is why I can't up with 5 tips on how you can reduce the amount of slime being removed when handling the fish.
Keep The Fish In The Water
Whenever possible always try to remove a hook from a fish in the water. Fish secretes a certain type of protein when it comes in contact with water will create the slime protective layer. By keeping the fish in the water will help the fish maintain their slime layer. Also, the water lubricates your skin which will naturally help reduce the amount of slime being removed.
When a fish is out of the water the slime layer is slowly drying up and being removed by your skin. This increases the fish's risk to not survive once released back in the water.
Pick The Proper Fishing Net
Fish that are too big to be handled in the water needs to be brought out of the water to remove the hook. This is typically done by using a net but not any net will do. That is of course if your goal is to minimize the amount of slime being removed.
Nets made from rough and hard material with a narrow mesh should be avoided. Instead, use a fishing net made from soft material, rubber will work great here, with a wide mesh. Make sure to get these nets wet before use as it will further minimize the amount of slime removed by reducing the friction between the net and the fish.
Wear Them Silly Orange Rubber Gloves
Dry skin will for sure rub off the protective slime layer. In fact, you can feel it on your hands after you are done handling the fish. So at the very least make sure your hands are wet before handling the fish.
Wearing those bright orange rubber gloves works great when trying to minimize removing a fish's protective slime layer. Just like with the rubber netting make sure to get the gloves wet before handling.
Never Place Fish On Dry Surfaces
You netted and landed the fish. Great!
Now you need to place the fish somewhere to remove the hook but where should you place the fish?
If you are fishing onshore then you should never place a fish on dry surfaces or on the ground (dirt, rocks, twigs, etc) directly. There are small sharp objects that could cut into a fish's body which could cause them an infection. Remember, fish are not used to bacteria from the surface.
This is less of an issue on a boat because there are really not sharp objects that can cut a fish. Depending on the style of boat, like an open V type aluminum boat, where the floor can easily become wet will help reduce the friction.
A solution if you are fishing onshore or on a boat is to place a wet towel or cloth on your working surface to lay the fish on. If you place a fish on a bench, then take all the precautions to ensure you don't lose control of the fish when it moves and have it drop onto the floor.
3 … 2 … 1 Say "Cheese!
Any angler wants to take a QUICK photo of their catch of the day. This is only natural but notice how QUICK is emphasized here. Remember the longer you handle the fish and keep it out of the water the more harm you are causing the fish. So make sure you are not taking several photos with different angles and poses looking for that great shot.
If you must take a photo make sure you have wet hands or are wearing rubber gloves.
Is The Slime Safe For Me … What I Need To Know
Angler knows that cuts and scrapes are part of the territory with fishing. Many of the injuries go unnoticed until you get in contact with some lemon juice.
Anglers have been known to develop what is referred to as "Fish-Handler's Disease". This happens with an Angler comes in contact with the fish's slime while having cuts on their hands that are not properly cleaned. According to this research abstract, it showed that a bacteria called Erysipelothrix was found in a fish's slime. Erysipelothrix is one of two types of bacteria that can cause Fish-Handler's Disease.
Fish-Handler's Disease has many different names and can even be caused by handling shellfish or any other aquatic marine life.
Symptoms will typically develop two to seven days after infection. A red-purple circular area will appear around the infected area and will grow in size after each day. Other symptoms include:
 - joint stiffness,
 - lymph node swelling,
 - pain, burning,
 - itching,
 - and swelling.
If you believe that you are having symptoms make sure to go see a doctor right away for treatment.
To avoid infections make sure to thoroughly wash your hands with warm water and soap. If you have a bunch of cuts and want to be on the safe side then sterilize your hands with rubbing alcohol.
This short article from talks more in-depth about this infection. However, with proper hand hygiene, the risk of developing Fish-Handler's Disease is very small.
With all my years of fishing and knowing others who have been fishing even longer have never had this occurred before.
Other Interest Facts About Fish Slime
After doing some research I found an article that dove more in-depth about a fish's slime. Below is some interesting information that I personally thought was pretty cool.
Allows Fish To Swim Faster & Reduces Turbulence
The fish's slime coating provides lubrication between the fish's body and the water. There is friction between the fish and water as the fish swims around. This extra lubrication reduces the amount of energy used to swim around and allows the water to travel around the fish more smoother.
This allows the fish to swim faster and to be able to conserve energy.
The slime helps fish regulate what is called Osmoregulation. This is the process where fish can regulate salts and water being absorbed through the slime coating.
Freshwater fish tends to have bodies contains more salt than what is in the surrounding water. This causes freshwater fish needing to absorb more water to balance out the amounts of salts in the body.
Saltwater fish naturally holds less salt than what is in the saltwater. Therefore, the fish will need to absorb more salts from the water to balance out the amount of water in their body.
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Merging Customer Records
Maintaining your customer list accurately is paramount to utilizing SuperSalon's customer history and customer retention reporting. We now have an efficient and accessible customer merge utility for salon level employees to utilize.
- Merging multiple customer records for a single customer.
- Merging an online check in customer (if they used a different phone number) with an existing customer record.
- Merging customer records with incomplete information (multiple Mike Smith records, for example).
Merging Customer Records step-by-step
- Create a new ticket.
- Search for a customer name with duplicate records.
- Select the Customer Merge button.
- Select the duplicate customer records you want to merge (the customers will be highlighted blue when selected) and press Next.
- Select the master customer record (the customer will be highlighted blue when selected), this is the customer record that will remain after merging, and press Next.
- Validate the master customer record is correct and update or make adjustments as needed. Hit the Save button when complete.
- Success! Your selected customer records are now merged into the customer you selected as your master customer. Press Ok and you're done.


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How to guarantee the quality of insulating glass production
 - Author:fanyumaoyi
 - Source:chinamirrormanufacturer.com
 - Release on:2016-12-06
Insulating glass manufacturers to improve the quality of the insulating glass, in addition to the advanced equipment of insulating glass to control the process, efficient production, if we ignore the following safeguards to produce qualified insulated glass to get market recognition is out of the question. So in the process of production of hollow glass, 5 control measures strictly.
 (1) reduce production time
 Desiccant minimizing contact with the atmosphere of the time, reducing the adsorption loss and give the desiccant has a high adsorption capacity.
 (2) strictly controlled production environment temperature
 Main influence capacity and residual adsorption capacity of the production environment.
 (3) select the appropriate aluminium insulation
 The pore gas seams should be small, reducing the water absorption of zeolite during the operation.
 (4) select suitable desiccant
 To select the desiccant adsorption rate is relatively high and persistent.
 (5) water through the spread of polymers
 Rely mainly on select sealant of low permeability coefficients, determine a reasonable thickness of seal, reducing the temperature difference between inside and outside of the insulated glass (that is controlled in a certain temperature range temperature range of production and not so great).
 These measures through choice of materials, processing, control of all aspects of the environment, control of insulating glass, the quality will be greatly.
 ProfessionalInsulating glassThe production equipment, strict management, scientific process and quality control measures for the production of insulating glass, is a prerequisite for improving the quality of insulating glass.


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Automation playbooks can be triggered by several events in the life cycle of an external alert:
- When an external alert is ingested
- When an external alert validation state changes
- When an external alert hasn't been correlated for 24 hours
These triggers enable powerful workflows that allow your team to best defend your organization.
What automation actions affect the state of external alerts?
A number of automation actions can affect the state of external alerts. These include:
- Comment on Alert in Source Platform
- Update State of Alert in Source Platform
You can find the complete list of actions in your Red Canary portal.
What are examples of automation that begins with external alerts?
Notifying your team when a high-severity alert is ingested from a network security product
You can use Red Canary to fulfill basic SIEM and SOAR use cases, such as notifying your team when any of your network security products identifies what it reports as a high-severity threat:
Notifying your team when an alert could not be correlated to endpoint and process data within 24 hours
You may want to notify your team if Red Canary has been unable to correlate certain alerts with endpoint or process activity within 24 hours so you can investigate that alert yourself.
Automatically closing low / informational severity alerts for certain noisy platforms
Many alert sources generate a high volume of alerts with low severities and do not provide the ability to automatically close or adjudicate those alerts. You can use Red Canary to better operationalize those platforms:
By triggering playbooks that:
- Add a comment on the alert (in the underlying platform) that "This alert is being automatically closed because it is high volume / low value" using the Comment on Alert in Source Platform action.
- Close the alert (in the underlying platform) using the Update State of Alert in Source Platform action.


Can Coparcenary Property Be Sold?
Can mother make a will on ancestral property?
2017 Yes challenge the Will.
Will an individual can make for his or her sole self owned property or share in the property not the whole property if that has other owners or shareholders like ancestral property..
Is it true that ancestral property once divided becomes self acquired?
The prerequisite of an ancestral property is that an ancestral property should not have been divided or partitioned by the family members, as once a division of the ancestral property takes place, the share or portion which each coparcener gets after division becomes his or her self acquired property.
Who is a Coparcener?
A coparcener is a person who acquires interest in the joint family property by birth. The essential difference between a 'coparcener' and a 'member' of an HUF is that a coparcener can enforce partition of the HUF, while a member cannot.
What constitutes ancestral property?
Concept of Ancestral Property Property inherited by a Hindu from his father, father's father or father's fathers' father, is ancestral property. Any property acquired by the Hindu great grand father, which then passes undivided down the next three generations up to the present generation of great grand son/daughter.
Does Mother property belong to daughter?
The Hindu Succession Act, 1956, was amended in 2005 to give daughters an equal share in parental property. … However, it is important to note that if the father died before 2005, a married daughter will not have any right over ancestral property, while the self-acquired property will be distributed as per the will.
Can ancestral property be sold?
What is the difference between ancestral property and Coparcenary property?
A property is ancestral when acquired through inheritance from ancestors, this property is always shared by members of a coparcenary equally. On the other hand property is self acquired if it is earned by own efforts/learning or other human endeavour.
Is widow a Coparcener?
According to Mitakshara law, only a coparcener can be a karta or manager of an HUF. Therefore, since a Hindu widow is a member of the HUF but not a coparcener, she cannot be a karta of in her husband's HUF.
Does daughters have equal rights in father's property?
Supreme Court rules that daughters have equal rights in their father's property. In its decision, the Supreme Court clarified two points: coparcenary rights are acquired by daughters on their birth; and. fathers need not have been alive when the 2005 amendment to the Hindu Succession Act 1956 was passed.
How ancestral property is divided?
Under the Hindu law, property is divided into two types: ancestral and self-acquired. Ancestral property is defined as one that is inherited up to four generations of male lineage and should have remained undivided throughout this period. … By birth, a daughter has a share in the ancestral property.
Which property is Coparcenary?
A coparcenary consists of a 'propositus', that is, a person at the top of a line of descent, and his three lineal descendants — sons, grandsons and great-grandsons. Coparcenary property is named thus because the co-ownership is marked by "unity of possession, title and interest".
Can a father gives all his property to one child?
A father cannot freely give the ancestral property to one son. In Hindu law, the ancestral property can be gifted only under certain situations like distress or for pious reasons. Otherwise, the ancestral property cannot be given away to one child to the exclusion of all others.


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>Home>Learn XQuery>XQuery Tutorial>XQuery Introduction>External Functions and Variables
External Functions and Variables in XQuery
XQuery implementations are often embedded in an environment such as a Java or C# program or a relational database. The environment can provide external functions and variables to XQuery. To access these, a query must declare them in the prolog:
Listing 1.20 Module Declaration for a Library Module
define function outtie($v as xs:integer) as xs:integer external
define variable $v as xs:integer external
XQuery does not specify how such functions and variables are made available by the external environment, or how function parameters and arguments are converted between the external environment and XQuery.


Everything About LiPo Battery for Racing Drones
FPV racing drones are fueled by LiPo batteries, they are able to store and deliver large amount of power. In this guide you will learn how to read the spec of LiPo for your mini quad, and how to choose and handle them safely.
Disclaimer: All information on this page should be considered as general advice. Ensuring battery safety is your own responsibility and you should use the information on this page at your own risk.
Are LiPo Battery Safe?
There are many reasons why LiPo batteries might catch on fire. That tends to only happen when you don't handle them properly or when they are physically damaged. If you're gentle with your batteries you should be okay.
What LiPo Should I Buy?
Maybe you are not interested in learning about LiPo, and just want to know what battery to get? Here are the batteries I have tried and recommend: Best 4S Lipo batteries, and Best 6S LiPo batteries.
However I do suggest going through this article carefully to learn about how to handle LiPo because safety is extremely important!
Content Index
The Basics about LiPo Batteries for Mini Quad
Lithium polymer batteries, more commonly known as LiPo, have high energy density, high discharge rate and light weight which make them a great candidate or RC applications.
By learning the basics about LiPo batteries, you will be able to read and understand their specifications.
LiPo battery label explained: voltage, capacity, cell count (s)
Battery Voltage and Cell Count (S)
LiPo batteries exist in cells, each LiPo cell has a nominal voltage of 3.7V. If higher voltage is required, these cells can be connected in series to form a single battery.
We don't normally refer to the battery voltage, but how many cells in the battery, or how many "S".
1S = 1 cell = 3.7V
2S = 2 cells = 7.4V
3S = 3 cells = 11.1V
4S = 4 cells = 14.8V
5S = 5 cells = 18.5V
6S = 6 cells = 22.2V
For example, we call a 14.8V battery a "4-cell" or "4S" battery.
Voltage affects brushless motors RPM directly, therefore you could use higher cell count batteries to increase your quadcopter's speed if your motor/ESC and other electroincs support higher voltage. (here is a discussion about the differences between 3S and 4S on a mini quad)
But a battery with more cells of the same capacity is heavier since it contains more cells. To make a 4S 1000mah battery, you could simply combine two 2S 1000mah, or one 3S 1000mah with an 1S 1000mah.
Nominal voltage for LiPo battery cell is 3.7V. However it's not the voltage of the battery either when it's fully charged or fully discharged. The number is come up by manufacturers, and It's near the middle of safe voltage range, so I guess that kind of makes sense.
LiPo battery is designed to operate within a safe voltage range, from 3V to 4.2V. Discharging below 3V could cause irreversible performance lost and even damage to the battery. Over-charging above 4.2V could be dangerous and eventually cause fire.
However it's advisable to stop discharging when it reaches 3.5V for battery health reasons. For example for a 3S Lipo, the max voltage is 12.6V, and you should land when the voltage reaches 10.5V (at 3.5V per cell).
LiPo Battery Capacity and Size
The capacity of a LiPo battery is measured in mAh (milli-amp hours). "mAh" is basically an indication of how much current you can draw from the battery for an hour until it's empty.
For example, for a 1300 mAh Lipo, it would take an hour to be completely discharged if you draw a constant 1.3A current from it. If the current draw doubles at 2.6A, the duration would be halved (1.3/2.6=0.5). If you draw 39A of current non-stop, this pack would only last 2 minutes (1.3/39=1/30 of an hour).
Increasing your battery capacity might give you longer flight time, but it will also get heavier in weight and larger in physical size. There is a trade-off between capacity and weight, that affects flight time and agility of the aircraft. I wrote a guide about building a simple mathematics model to find out optimal Lipo capacity for longer flight time, which you might find interesting.
Higher capacity could also give you higher discharge current as you will see in the next section.
Note that, 1000mAh = 1Ah.
C Rating (Discharge Rate)
Lipo batteries for quadcopters these days all come with a C rating. By knowing the C rating and capacity of a battery, we can in theory calculate the safe, continuous max discharge current of a LiPo battery.
Maximum Discharge Current = C-Rating * Capacity
For example an 1300mAh 50C battery has an estimated continuous max discharge current of 65A.
Some batteries come with two C-ratings: "continuous" and "burst" ratings. The Burst rating is only applicable in short period of time (e.g. 10 seconds).
This article explains the significance of C rating. Although C rating could be an useful tool, it has become mostly a marketing tools nowadays.
If C rating is too low, the battery will have a hard time delivering the current to your motors, and your quad will be under powered. You could even damage the battery if current draw exceeds safety rating.
When C rating is higher than what's required, you won't gain much performance improvement. Instead the battery would be heavier and you will be carrying extra weight that reduces your flight time.
Discharge Lead (Main Connector)
Rule of thumb, the battery connector should match the one you are using on your copter. If you don't own a quad yet, choose one, and stick with it.
All Lipo batteries come with 2 sets of wires/connectors: a balance lead and a main lead or discharge lead (Except for 1S batteries which only have a main lead). There are quite a few different connectors used in LiPo batteries. The main differences are shape, weight and current rating.
NameImageRecommended Cells
JST-XHBalance Lead
Pico Blade1S
Deans (T)
1S Battery Connectors
1S connectors are tiny and have very low current rating. They are commonly used in brushed micro quadcopters.
2S-6S Battery Connectors
You will find a lot more different types of battery connectors in this category, in fact not all are listed here. But majority of them are not used that often so you don't need to ever worry about them. For mini quad, the most popular connector is probably the XT60.
However since XT60 is only rated at 60A, and mini quad are running at higher and higher current and voltage, we might soon see a change in the popular connector used.
This article gives you some more insight into electrical wires and XT60 connectors.
Balance Connector
Balance lead or connector is used for checking voltages of each cell. You will need connect it to the charger while charging, as it's extremely important to ensure all cell voltages are equal to avoid over-charging any cell.
The number of wires in a balance lead starts at 3 for a 2S LiPo, and that number increase by 1 for every increment in cell count.
This post explains how to repair damaged balance lead.
LiPo battery balance leads
Internal Resistance
Internal resistance (IR) can be used to measure how good a LiPo battery is. The lower the value, the better. Higher internal resistance reduces performance. Internal resistance increases over time and usage which is inevitable and irreversible.
I have a whole article explaining the significance of IR, and how to measure it.
LiHV is a different type of LiPo battery, HV stands for "high voltage". They are more energy dense than traditional LiPo battery, and allow to be charged up to 4.35V per cell. However there are mix reviews out there regarding the longevity of LiHV, as they might have decrease in performance sooner than normal LiPo's.
In this post I compared a LiHV battery with a LiPo in terms of performance.
How to choose LiPo battery for quadcopters?
To choose the best Lipo battery for your quad, you first need to know your requirement, the preferred cell count, and what would be the max discharge current.
Find Out How Much Current Your Drone Can Draw
Once you have decided on your choice of motors and propellers size, you should be able to find data online related to that requirement. For example, I am going to use this motor with 5040×3 props, at 100% throttle it draws 36.7A.
The total max current draw for a quad of 4 motors would be 36.7 x 4 = 146.8A at 100% throttle. If you want to play safe, you could just use this figure and find the battery you want. But for me, I


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Deflection of electron beam in oscilloscope
 1. Aug 19, 2012 #1
 Calculate the deflection of an electron beam as it passes between the plates of a CRT tube.
 In the picture, the parallel plates create an electric field, with the positive plate on top and the negative plate on bottom, causing the electron's path to be deflected upwards as it travels to the right.
 2. Relevant equations
 Kinetic energy of electrons: K = 3.2 x 10^-16 J
 Electric field between plates: E = 1.2 x 10^4 N/C
 Distance along plates = 15mm
 3. The attempt at a solution
 I know the equation F=Eq is involved. I've been told that the force is centripetal, so that the equation for centripetal force is also involved, but im not entirely convinced. This is because centripetal force is always perpendicular to the velocity, but in this example that can't be the case.
 So im stuck and need help.
 [edit] and the answer is 0.34mm
 Last edited: Aug 19, 2012
 2. jcsd
 3. Aug 19, 2012 #2
 User Avatar
 Homework Helper
 Gold Member
 A constant force F=qE acts on the electron in the vertical direction while its initial velocity is horizontal. The problem is analogous with projectile motion, the trajectory is parabolic. You can decompose the motion into horizontal and vertical direction.
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text: KentuckyFC writes "Arbitrage is a way of making profit by exploiting price differences for the same asset. In capital markets, traders aggressively seek out and exploit these market 'inefficiencies.' Now one data scientist says it's possible to do the same with metro fares and has studied the fare-arbitrage potential of San Francisco's subway system, BART (Bay Area Rapid Transit). The idea is to swap tickets with another commuter during your journey to reduce the amount you both pay. BART has 44 stations which allows 946 different journeys and 446,985 unique pairs of trips. Of these, over 60,000 have arbitrage potential and commuters can save at least $1 on 4,666 of them. But there are good reasons why cities might want to maintain price differences for certain journeys — to encourage people to live in certain areas, for example. What's more, it's possible to imagine a pair of commuters who each travel from one side of a city to the other at considerable cost. But by swapping tickets in the city center, they could both pay for a short commute in each others' suburbs. But is that fair to other commuters?"


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A new study in Psychological Review suggests that we store our memories in patches and move between them in the same way that bees move between flowers. To improve your memory recall, you need to know when it's best to move from one patch to another.
We've talked about building a memory palace to improve your memory and this strategy takes a similar approach without all the work. Researcher Thomas Hills describes the process:
When faced with a memory task, we focus on specific clusters of information and jump between them like a bird between bushes. For example, when hunting for animals in memory, most people start with a patch of household pets-like dog, cat and hamster. But then as this patch becomes depleted, they look elsewhere.
The study found that the key to improving recall was knowing when to jump from one patch of information to another. If you stay too long or not long enough, you won't be able to recall the information. Basically, if you're trying to remember something and you take your mind to one patch of memories and don't find it, move on to another when you've finished foraging.
Title image remixed from an original by Guido Vrola.


text:
CONDUCTING AN ENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT
Now that your hotel Environmental Policy is in place and the hotel's Environmental Team has been established, it is time to take action. But before any action is decided upon it is important to understand the problems you face. Below you will learn what an Environmental Audit is, what to audit, where to look for problems, and how to measure and record those problems.
An Environmental Audit is a systematic, documented, periodic and objective process that assesses an organization's activities and services in relation to :
- Assessing compliance with relevant statutory and internal requirements
- Facilitating management control of environmental practices
- Promoting good environmental management
- Maintaining credibility with the public
- Raising staff awareness and enforcing commitment to departmental environmental policy
- Exploring improvement opportunities
- Establishing the performance baseline for developing an Environmental Management System (EMS)
To understand as many of the environmental impacts of the hotel building and
operation and quantify a benchmark to measure progress.
1. Obtain committment from the directorate level and communicate the purpose of the Environmental Audit to all personel in the organization.
2. Define the scope of the Environmental Audit including a list of all sites that are to be audited. Identify the objective of the audit and what areas of the organization the audit should include or disclude.
3. The Environmental Audit should encompass the following:
- Material management, savings and alternatives
- Energy management and savings
- Water management and economy of use
- Waste generation, management and disposal
- Noise reduction, evaluation and control
(internal and external)
- Air emissions and indoor air quality
- Environmental emergency prevention and preparedness
- Transportation and travelling practices
- Staff awareness, participation and training in environmental issues
- Environmental information publicity
- Public enquiry and complaints response
- Environmental management system set up, suitability and performance
- Building environmental performance
4. Examine and document all potential environmental impacts.
Below is a flowchart provided by the Hong Kong Environmental Protection Department depicting all the steps of conducting and Environmental Audit.
Figure 1: Flowchart depicting Environmental Audit process.
Now that you understand how to conduct an Environmental Audit you can
direct your environmental team to conduct an audit. For more information please see the links to related resources on the right side menu or in the references section below.
1. Hong Kong Environmental Protection Department, What is an Environmental Audit?, 2002.


Map of North Korea
◆ Crudely calculated electricity bills
A common problem faced by all 3 surveyed regions is the lack of electricity meters for calculating household power consumption. The authorities have been attempting to install meters for every house since last year, but the prohibitive 30 USD price of each meter would have had to have been paid by each household. In the end, the plan could not be carried out after it met strong opposition from residents dissatisfied with the unreliable power supply.
As the meters were not installed, officials in charge of electricity distribution have to go door-to-door, cataloguing the appliances owned by each household and making crude calculations of each home's estimated power consumption. This primitive billing system is still in effect.
A reporting partner in Pyongyang complained of the system, saying, "The electricity distribution department always quarrels with residents because they set the rates entirely at their discretion. Lately, we've been paying 5,000 won a month for our house."
The authorities have announced, however, that meters for calculating exact power consumption will soon be required nationwide, starting from September/October.
Editor's notes on North Korean reporters
ARCHIVE(pdf) >>


text:
Effect of cooling rate during solidification of Aluminum - chromium alloy
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Materials Science and Engineering.
MetadataShow full item record
Controlling the distribution of alloying elements in aluminum casting and designing new processing practices are supported by an enhanced understanding of the thermodynamics and kinetics of solidification at industrial scales. While the behavior of eutectic forming elements such as copper has received a lot of attention, the interactions of peritectic-forming elements such as chromium is understudied. We herein use a time-dependent nucleation model for the calculation of the incubation time of nuclei in the liquid. This characteristic time is computed at various temperatures, and the results are presented in the form of a time-temperature diagram. Liquid phase thermodynamics of dilute compositions in the aluminum-chromium system are experimentally informed using the electrochemical potential difference method. Thermodynamic data obtained from these investigations are used to inform physical properties of the aluminum-chromium melt. The aforementioned time-temperature diagrams are recalculated using experimental data and theoretical cooling rates for phase selection are calculated. Critical cooling rates calculated from the model are applied to industrially relevant practices such as DC casting and Twin roll casting.
Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, May, 2020Cataloged from the official PDF of thesis. Page 86 blank.Includes bibliographical references.
DepartmentMassachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Materials Science and Engineering
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Materials Science and Engineering.


text:
It is probably too complicated to be sure, with subtle shifts in air flow easily affecting the total drag.
However, since things (usually) tend towards their lowest energy, and the wheels tend to spin when the car is moving, I would guess that is the lowest energy state, and hence the lowest total drag, compared to clamping the brakes on the bike wheel and stopping it from spinning.
But that statement, lowest energy state, and hence the lowest total drag, is BS. Things have no tendency towards a state of lowest energy dissipation!
Drag on the car * speed = power from the car.
power from the car = power from the spinning wheel + everything else
Increased drag on the car = power the spinning wheel generates / speed
If the wheel does not spin, it does no work.
If the wheel spins freely, it does -very little work-, because it has very little friction. So the spinning wheel adds very little more drag than the fixed one.


Can I heat baked beans in the can?
How to cook canned baked beans. That's simple. You can use any oven proof dish you like and mix your canned baked beans right in there. Then bake until they are hot all the way through and bubbling around the edges.
Is it safe to heat canned food in the can?
Aluminum is considered toxic, making it not ideal for heating canned food. Besides this, already used cans that had been heated over an open fire are not suitable because they might not be in perfect condition. Instead, you should heat your food while it's still inside its can.
What to add to baked beans from a can?
How to make Kicked-Up Canned Baked Beans:
 1. Bacon.
 2. Onion.
 3. Molasses.
 4. Spicy brown mustard (can substitute yellow mustard)
 5. Worcestershire.
 6. Brown sugar.
 7. Ketchup.
 8. A teaspoon of apple cider vinegar for a touch of tanginess is optional and not shown.
1 июл. 2020 г.
Do you have to heat up canned beans?
Canned beans can be eaten directly from the can without additional cooking since they are precooked. However, before enjoying them as is—or if you decide to cook them—definitely rinse them off with cool water. … Use canned beans in salads, dips, and sandwiches or eat as is.
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What canned foods can you eat without cooking?
Is Tin toxic for cooking?
How do you spice up beans from a can?
Do canned baked beans go bad?
Properly stored, an unopened can of baked beans in sauce will generally stay at best quality for about 3 to 5 years, although it will usually remain safe to use after that.
How do you add flavor to baked beans?
5 Ways to Upgrade Canned Baked Beans
 1. Honey + Dijon Mustard. …
 2. Caramelized Onion + Bacon + Espresso Powder. …
 3. Adobo Sauce + Chorizo + Chopped Cilantro. …
 4. Fire Roasted Tomatoes + Little Smokies + Chopped Parsley. …
 5. Mixed Chopped Herbs + Breadcrumbs + Cheddar Cheese.
7 июл. 2015 г.
Should I rinse canned beans?
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Can you eat corn straight out of the can?
The answer to the question is canned corn already cooked is "Yes, it is cooked enough for you to eat it". In fact, corn straight out of the can isn't bad at all. It is fresh and has a certain pop and crunch to it!
What can I add to canned green beans for flavor?
Flavor them with butter, onion powder, salt, and pepper. Let the beans simmer uncovered and stir occasionally. Do not turn off the heat until almost all the liquid evaporates. Otherwise, all the flavors from your seasonings will remain in the liquid and won't stick to the beans.
What is the healthiest canned vegetable?
The best canned vegetables are tomatoes, beans, green beans, corn, beets, peas, pumpkin, carrots, and artichoke hearts. Each of these vegetables is healthy, inexpensive, and taste great when they're canned.
When should you not eat canned food?
If your can shows any sign of bulging, especially around the lid, it is not safe to eat. In fact, it shouldn't even be opened. 5- Pressure Release – If you can hear an audible pressure release sound when you open your can, chances are, air has somehow gotten inside. Again, air fosters bacteria growth.
What is healthier frozen or canned vegetables?
This helps preserve the nutrients, so frozen and canned veggies can often be healthier than fresh vegetables. … Canning requires a lot more processing. Aside from certain fruits like tomatoes and pumpkins, canned goods are likely to have less nutritional value than frozen.
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Let's eat?


text: Purpose: To determine whether the absence of transglutaminase 2 enzyme (TG2) in TG2 knockout mice (TG2 -/- ) protect them against early age-related functional and histological arterial changes. Methods: Pulse wave velocity (PWV) was measured using non-invasive Doppler and mean arterial pressure (MAP) was measured in awake mice using tail-cuff system. Thoracic aortas were excised for evaluation of endothelial dependent vasodilation (EDV) by wire myography, as well as histological analyses. Results: PWV and MAP were similar in TG2 -/- mice to age-matched wild type (WT) control mice. Old WT mice exhibited a markedly attenuated EDV as compared to young WT animals. The TG2 -/- young and old mice had enhanced EDV responses (p<0.01) as compared to WT mice. There was a significant increase in TG2 crosslinks by IHC in WT old group compared to Young, with no stain in the TG2 -/- animals. Optical microscopy examination of Old WT mice aorta showed thinning and fragmentation of elastic laminae. Young WT mice, old and young TG2 -/- mice presented regularly arranged and parallel elastic laminae of the tunica media. Conclusion: The genetic suppression of TG2 delays the age-induced endothelial dysfunction and histological modifications.