Nebraska allocation of lottery funds for education programs advanced
Lawmakers gave first-round approval March 24 to a bill that would allocate approximately $100 million in lottery funds to education-related programs over the next five years.
The state Department of Revenue estimates that $21.2 million in lottery funds will be directed to education programs in FY2021-22, $21.7 million in FY2022-23 and $22.1 million in FY2023-24.
Under one new program, the Educational Service Unit Coordinating Council would ensure that annual, evidence-based behavioral awareness and intervention training is available statewide and develop, implement and administer a statewide teacher support system beginning in school year 2021-22.
Beginning with the 2023-24 school year, school districts would ensure that teachers, administrators, paraprofessionals, school nurses and counselors receive the training.
LB529 also would direct funds to a new mental health training grant program administered by the state Department of Education.
The Nebraska Opportunity Grant Fund, which provides financial aid to low-income Nebraska residents enrolled at postsecondary educational institutions, would receive the largest allocation at 58 percent, down from the 62 percent allocation it received for fiscal years 2016-17 through 2020-21.
An Education Committee amendment, adopted 29-6, would add an element to the proposed behavioral awareness and intervention training. It would require at least 30 minutes of training dedicated to understanding the duties, rights and responsibilities outlined in the Student Discipline Act and case law addressing student behavior.
The amendment also would create a grant program for students who graduate from an accredited education program at a state youth rehabilitation and treatment center or from a public or private high school within one year of being discharged from a YRTC.
Those students could receive up to $5,000 per year to attend a Nebraska postsecondary educational institution if they meet certain requirements.
"This is a great opportunity to help these kids turn their life around, go to college at least part time and enter the workforce," Walz said.
Sen. Patty Pansing Brooks of Lincoln supported the committee amendment and the bill. If LB529 does not pass, she said, the Nebraska Opportunity Grant program will end in June, leaving Nebraska without a need-based financial aid program for students who attend state postsecondary institutions.
"It's critical, in my mind, to make college education more accessible and more affordable to Nebraska students in need," Pansing Brooks said.
Omaha Sen. John Cavanaugh also supported the bill. He said the proposed mental health training grant program could help reduce prison overcrowding by helping teachers identify the signs and symptoms of mental illness in students.
"Early intervention leads to better results, better long-term outcomes for people," Cavanaugh said. "[A] number of people who find themselves in the criminal justice system didn't get any access to mental health care until they got into the criminal justice system."
Sen. Dave Murman of Glenvil introduced an amendment containing many provisions of his LB673. The amendment would authorize teachers and other school personnel to use reasonable physical intervention to manage student behavior to protect themselves, the student or another person from physical injury.
Under Murman's proposal, teachers or other school personnel would not be subject to professional or administrative discipline for physical intervention or removal of a student from a class if they acted in a reasonable manner and in accordance with school policy.
It also would direct each school district to provide behavioral awareness and intervention training to administrators, teachers, paraprofessionals, school nurses and counselors beginning in school year 2021-22.
Murman said the amendment would provide funding to each school district and allow them to choose their own training program rather than rely on ESUs.
North Platte Sen. Mike Groene supported the amendment, saying it would protect teachers from being fired or suspended for defending themselves or others from a student who becomes violent.
Walz opposed Murman's amendment, saying ESUs could provide the training more effectively and efficiently. Additionally, Walz said, the teacher support system proposed in the committee amendment would provide teachers ongoing support after they receive training.
Murman later withdrew the amendment but said he would introduce a similar one during the second round of debate.
After adopting a technical amendment, senators voted 28-6 to advance LB529 to select file.


How Old Should Kittens Be When They Are Weaned
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What Does a Five Week Old Kitten Need? Kitties Newborn
How old should kittens be when they are weaned. Between eight and ten weeks of age, a kitten should be fully weaned and preparing to leave its mother if you plan to find the kitten a new home. The first vaccinations are typically administered at about eight weeks of age, so when the kittens have a vet visit, you can be sure they have been growing appropriately. By six to seven weeks old, they should be able to chew dry food and you'll no longer need to moisten it. Kittens are typically fully weaned by around eight weeks of age. Kittens need large amounts of energy–about two to three times that of an adult cat. Food for your kitten should contain at least 30% protein. Rushed Weaning: Kittens shouldn't be weaned suddenly. Rather, weaning should be a gradual process in which they alternate between nursing and eating cat food, slowly increasing the amount of cat food consumed and decreasing the nursing time until nursing ceases altogether. At 6-8 weeks of age, kittens are not ready to stop nursing.
Kittens should be able to relieve themselves after three weeks of age. If they are growing, gaining weight and seem healthy, things are probably good. Most kitten vaccine protocols start at 6 weeks of age. Let your vet examine them to make sure they are doing well when they get their first vaccine. Usually kittens can be weaned at 4 weeks old and the process is done when they are 8 weeks old. Or, if the kittens can already stand firmly without wobbly, introduction to solid foods can be started. However, based on the newest research which is led by Professor Hannes Lohi from Helsinki University, the weaning process is recommended to be. People often assume that once a kitten is able to eat solid food at around six weeks of age, they are able to be weaned and go to their new homes. However, this is to be discouraged, as the kitten will only just have started to get used to the new status quo, and should not be removed from the dam until they have reached the juvenile, rather.
The kittens are almost fully weaned and continue to play and learn. Being introduced to new people, places in the home, and other pets is an important part of socialization. They are pretty self-sufficient at this point, though Darling, Denby, Corduroy, Tweed, and Wembley still get comfort from mom. Kittens should eat kitten food from the time they are weaned up until they are one year old. Kittens are okay with eating either canned or dry food. The kittens should also have a constant supply of fresh drinking water. If you have gathered all the aforementioned supplies, you can start the process. The weaning process usually continues for about another month until the kittens are fully weaned between eight and 10 weeks of age. During this time, the kittens will still occasionally nurse on their mother but they will also start to eat liquid kitten food. The liquid kitten food should gradually get thicker until it is a watered-down canned kitten food or a moistened kitten kibble.
Kittens must be at least 8 weeks old and fully weaned before they can leave their mothers. If you believe this advertiser is letting their kittens go before 8 weeks of age, please report them to us. Read further information on the minimum age kittens should be before leaving their mothers While this may be true, adopting a kitten before he's old enough to leave his mother and litter mates could result in health issues and behavior problems. Most breeders and legitimate pet stores will only offer kittens for sale as young at 8 weeks, with some waiting until 12 weeks of age. When should kittens be weaned? The weaning process has to start when kittens are approximately four weeks of age, but sometimes it depends on the animal. Some kittens can be weaned when they're 1-month-old, but others have to be weaned at six weeks of age.
Weeks 5-6: The weaning kittens should start to nibble on the kibble, slightly moistened with water. Weeks 6-7: By now, the kitten weaning process is complete, and they should be eating all solid food by week seven. The kittens should be neutered when they're around four months old. If neutering is not carried out by then, you should separate males from females and the queen to prevent in-breeding. Ask your vet if you need help sexing the kittens. Rehoming – Ask your vet when is the right time to rehome the kittens. This will depend on their behavioural. Generally speaking, an 8-week old kitten should weigh between 1.4 and 2.6 pounds. Anything outside that range is a sign that your kitten is either too thin or too obese. Maine Coon kittens, 8 weeks old 8-Week Old Kitten Interaction and Socialization. You can interact with your kitten more freely once they are 8 weeks old.
Weaning refers to the process by which a kitten goes from mother's milk to solid food. The process generally begins when a kitten is around four weeks old and should be complete by eight to ten weeks. Weaning can begin earlier in the case of orphaned or hand-fed kittens. Pet owners should make the transition as easy as possible for kittens. At What Age Should Kittens Be Weaned? The weaning process normally begins when kittens are around four weeks old, and is usually completed when they reach eight to ten weeks. If you are in charge of weaning an orphaned kitten, please remember that weaning should not be attempted at too early of an age. When Can Kittens be Weaned? Experts suggest that you start to wean a kitten at about a month to six weeks old. At that age, they usually will have developed incisors and an appetite for meat. When you offer a kitten meat and she gobbles it up eagerly, that's a clear sign that she is ready to be weaned and start eating regular, solid food, at.
Normally, kittens will need to be weaned once they reach four weeks. Experts suggest that you slowly introduce solid foods into their diets by mixing soft meat with hot water so that it is easily chewed at four weeks. Don't make the mistake of mixing the food with cow's milk—cow's milk is not the same as cat's milk and should not be.
(5) How & what to Feed Kittens 5 7 weeks old YouTube
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KOSHER WITH DAIRY PRODUCTS
Kosher is the process of separating pure from impure and boiling a pot to make the pure liquid kosher. Kosher food is considered to be that which adheres to rules of Jewish dietary laws. There are many rules in the Torah and Talmud about kosher food, for example, that one should avoid dairy products with meat, or that meat that has been cooked with milk cannot be eaten with meat that has not been cooked with milk. There is also a rule that meat and milk cannot be served together.
Kosher means pure in Hebrew, and it has very specific requirements for how food must be prepared. The process of koshering can be a bit complicated, but the most important thing is to know the ingredients in your food. The most common way to make something kosher is to add a specific mixture of salt to meat, and then it is boiled. It is important to remember that kosher cannot be made with dairy products. Kosher is traditionally prepared with salt, but you can also use a mixture of spices like onion, garlic, coriander, and pepper.

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ELR Illustrative Example: My Name, My IdentityEnglish Learner Roadmap Illustrative Example: Santa Clara County Office of Education's My Name, My Identity.
CA EL Roadmap Home | Policy and Printed Document | Learning Foundations | Principles Overview | Principle One | Principle Two | Principle Three | Principle Four | Characteristics of Examples | Illustrative Case Examples | Crosswalk to LCAP | Resources | Communications and Updates | Archives
Illustrative Example Overview
The Santa Clara County Office of Education (SCCOE) is located in the Silicon Valley, a diverse community where more than 60 languages are spoken in Santa Clara County's public schools. The SCCOE, in partnership with the National Association of Bilingual Education (NABE), demonstrated its commitment to embracing the diversity of the Silicon Valley with the "My Name, My Identity: A Declaration of Self" initiative. This initiative recognizes the importance of correctly pronouncing students' names in order to make students feel valued, included, and respected at school. The "My Name, My Identity" initiative asks teachers to sign a pledge committing to pronouncing students' names correctly in order to affirm their identities at school and welcome them to the learning community. The SCCOE provides resources to interested schools and districts and encourages districts to engage families and communities with the initiative. As of 2018, 17 districts and charter schools in Santa Clara County have adopted a board resolution in support of the "My Name, My Identity" initiative.
The SCCOE leadership believes that correct pronunciation of names can have a deep impact on school culture and student achievement. Jon R. Gundry, the former County Superintendent of Schools for Santa Clara County, stated that "Honoring our students' personal history and cultural identity is at the very heart of our efforts to close the achievement gap in Santa Clara County. To raise student achievement for all students, we must build relationships that start with the proper pronunciation of ours students' names." The SCCOE believes that the "My Name, My Identity" initiative can address a variety of district goals, including "eliminating the achievement gap, building positive school climate, cultivating global competence, or advocating parent engagement" (Wan, Yee, "My Name, My Identity: Building a Culture of Respect").
Principles, Elements, and Priorities Addressed
- Element 1.A: Language and Culture as Assets
- Element 1.C: School Climate
- Element 1.D: Family and School Partnerships
Local Control and Accountability (LCAP) Priority One: Basic (Conditions of Learning)
Rate of teacher misassignment as relates to equity, professional learning, resource alignment, and teachers. Student access to standards-aligned instructional materials as relates to curriculum, instruction, and resource alignment. Facilities in good repair as relates to culture and climate and resource alignment.
LCAP Priority Two: State Standards (Conditions of Learning)
Implementation of academic content and performance standards adopted by the state board for all pupils, including English learners as relates to assessment, curriculum, equity, instruction, and professional learning.
LCAP Priority Three: Parental Involvement (Engagement)
Efforts to seek parent input in decision making and promotion of parent participation in programs for unduplicated pupils and special need subgroups as relates to culture and climate, equity, and family and community.
LCAP Priority Four: Pupil Achievement (Pupil Outcomes)
Performance on standardized tests, score on Academic Performance Index, share of pupils that are college and career ready, share of English learners that become English proficient, English learner reclassification rate, share of pupils that pass Advanced Placement exams with three or higher and share of pupils determined prepared for college by the Early Assessment Program as relates to assessment, curriculum, equity, and instruction.
LCAP Priority Five: Pupil Engagement (Engagement)
School attendance rates, chronic absenteeism rates, middle school dropout rates, high school dropout rates, and high school graduations rates as relates to culture and climate, equity, and family and community.
LCAP Priority Six: School Climate (Engagement)
Pupil suspension rates, pupil expulsion rates, and other local measures including surveys of pupils, parents, and teachers on the sense of safety and school connectedness as relates to culture and climate, equity, and family and community.
LCAP Priority Seven: Course Access (Conditions of Learning)
Pupil enrollment in a broad course of study that includes all of the subject areas described in Education Code (EC) section 51210 and subdivisions (a) to (i), inclusive, of EC section 51220, as applicable, as relates to curriculum, equity, and professional learning.
Evidence of Effectiveness
The Characteristics of Examples web page includes information on the criteria used to evaluate illustrative example submissions.
Standard 1 (supported by an existing research basis)
The "My Name, My Identity" initiative is rooted in research by William Powell and Ochan Kusuma-Powell (2011). This research indicates that when teachers learn the correct pronunciation of students' names it creates trust and acceptance. In her article "My Name, My Identity: Building a Culture of Respect," Yee Wan, the Director of Multilingual Education Services for the SCCOE, writes, "This trust and acceptance creates a psychologically safe atmosphere in the classroom, which provides the security students need to experience the intellectual discomfort of learning new ideas. Students will also feel a sense of belonging and being valued, which will enable them to take risks during the learning process."
Standard 2 (local metrics of system implementation and adult learning outcomes)
The SCCOE leadership encouraged schools and districts to adopt a resolution supporting the "My Name, My Identity" initiative. The SCCOE provides resources to interested schools and districts to support the implementation of the initiative
Standard 2a (local metrics of student learning supports and processes)
The Santa Clara County Office of Education interviewed stakeholders regarding the impact of the initiative. Some of the responses to the initiative are available in the resource "My Name, My Identity: Building a Culture of Respect," article linked below. Districts and schools have set up online communities for parents and students to share their name stories; incorporated "Names, Languages, and Cultures" into their parent engagement and literacy activities; provided leadership opportunities for parents by challenging them to secure pledges from the community; integrated the "My Name, My Identity" initiative; and hosted celebrations for the pledges made.
Standard 3 (student learning outcomes)
Data is anecdotal and has not gone through the formal research process at this time.
"My Name, My Identity" website
This website, created by the Santa Clara County Office of Education, provides more information about the "My Name, My Identity" initiative including a link to take the pledge and other resources.
"My Name, My Identity: Building a Culture of Respect" Article
This article provides an overview of the "My Name, My Identity" initiative, the implementation in Santa Clara County, ideas for schools and districts, and stakeholders' responses to the initiative.
Milpitas Unified School District Strategies Menu
This resource provides a menu of "My Name, My Identity" strategies to build positive school climate, advocate parent engagement, and cultivate global competence.
"My Name, My Identity" Media Coverage
This resource provides links to articles about the "My Name, My Identity" initiative.


Governorates of Italian East Africa
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The 6 AOI governorates
The governorates of Italian East Africa (A.O.I) formed the first level of country subdivision. The territory was divided into 6 Governments. Existed until 1938 the Governorate of Addis Ababa, whose territory was integrated in the new government of Shoa, with a municipal administration.
The governments were ruled by a governor assisted by a Governing Council, whose members the highest authorities of the Government. The Governments of Amhara, Galla and Sidamo, Harar and Shoa constituting the Italian Empire of Ethiopia, who was about half of the Ethiopian state until 1936.
The governments were divided into the government commissioner, ruled by a government commissioner assisted by a Deputy Commissioner, usually also the owner of the residence in the central town of the Commissioner. The commissioners were divided into residences, sometimes divided into Vice Residences.
As a rule, the seat of the High Commissioner was provided with primary schools, post office and telegraph, infirmary with a doctor, runway for airplanes. The residences's locations were equipped with a post office, telegraph and infirmary with a doctor.
English Italian Capital Population Abbrev. Targa
Amhara Governorate Amara Gondar 2.000.000 ab. AM Coat of arms of Amhara governorate-2.svg
Eritrea Governorate Eritrea Asmara 1.000.000 ab. ER Coat of arms of Eritrea (_PHONE_).svg
Harrar Governorate Harar Harrar 1.300.000 ab. HA Coat of arms of harar governorate.svg
Galla-Sidamo Governorate Galla e Sidama Jimma/Gimma 1.600.000 ab. GS Coat of arms of Galla-Sidamo governorate.svg
Scioa Governorate [1] Scioà Addis Abeba 300.000 ab. SC Coat of arms of Scioa governorate.svg
Somalia Governorate also Somali Governorate[1] Somalia Mogadishu/Mogadiscio 1.300.000 ab. SOM Coat of arms of Italian Somaliland governorate.svg
External links[edit]
See also[edit]
 1. ^ a b Apis Networks - Engineered Hosting


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What is a'similar establishment' to a hotel, inn, or boarding house?: characteristics and functions associated with hotels, inns and boarding houses
The following is a list of characteristics and functions often associated with hotels, inns and boarding houses.
Clearly, for something to be a 'similar establishment' it is not necessary for all the features to be present; in many cases a small number of features will be sufficient to conclude that the establishment is similar to, for example, a basic hotel or boarding house.
- The accommodation is provided on a temporary basis, generally to persons who are away from their home. It is accommodation for a transient class of people or people who are temporarily homeless (but see paragraph 2.1, Notice709/3). It is taken with a view to moving on in due course.
- The hotel or similar establishment provides the accommodation as its main purpose, generally with a view to making profit. Providing the accommodation represents the main commercial exploitation of the property. In this respect the establishment will differ from one whose function is educate, imprison or provide care and support. Equally, an establishment which aims to provide pastoral care or create a family concept, such as some educational establishments, is unlikely to be a similar establishment.
- The hotel or similar establishment will normally provide accommodation on a non-selective basis to persons who turn up and can pay.
- They usually provide breakfast. However, this is no longer the case with all such establishments. Some hotel chains, for example, now provide only sleeping accommodation. Breakfast can be provided as a prepared meal or as basic ingredients (a food parcel). The provision of breakfast in the form of a supermarket voucher is not seen as a characteristic of 'hotel' accommodation.
- Sleeping accommodation is provided with a range of services and facilities, such as room service, laundry, cleaning of rooms (as opposed to cleaning of common areas), bed making, TV rooms, telephone services, receptionist, etc. The level of services will vary according to the status of the establishment. The service provided in a bed and breakfast establishment, for example, might be very basic, consisting of no more than room cleaning and laundry. This would not in itself prevent it from being treated as a 'similar establishment'.
- Residents will normally enjoy a degree of privacy by being provided with their own lockable rooms.
- There will normally be a resident manager, proprietor or member of staff on the premises at all times. Some establishments may have annexes where this is not the case. However, management will be contactable at the main premises. Greater supervision and management is a feature of this sort of accommodation.
- There is normally a booking service.


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L'objectif est d'examiner si les ressources professionnelles modèrent la relation entre les exigences du travail et la pression professionnelle, et si la pression professionnelle modère la relation entre les exigences du travail et la satisfaction au travail. Le modèle Demande d'emploi – Ressources suggère que les demandes d'emploi et les ressources professionnelles sont liées à la pression professionnelle, et que la pression professionnelle est associée à la satisfaction professionnelle.
Aims To examine whether job resources moderate the relationship between job demands and occupational strain, and whether occupational strain mediates the relationship between job demands and job satisfaction. Background The Job Demands-Resource Model suggests that job demands and job resources are related to occupational strain, and occupational strain is associated with job satisfaction. Methods In 2018, a cross-sectional study was conducted with a convenience sample of 85 nurses from six hemodialysis units. Linear regression with Moderation-Mediation analysis was conducted using SPSS software. Results Under low workload levels, no association between autonomy and occupational strain existed; but under high workload levels, a negative relationship was found between autonomy and occupational strain. Under low workload levels, a negative relationship was found between social support and occupational strain, but under high workload levels, a positive relationship was found. Finally, there was no association between occupational strain and job satisfaction. Conclusion Job resources are moderators of the relationship between job demands and occupational strain. However, there was no significant association between occupational strain and job satisfaction. Implications Nurse leaders should strengthen nurses' autonomy, which can reduce occupational strain. Additionally, sources of support are needed help nurses cope with the workload and occupational strain.


1805 Sydney's first commercial dairy
Dr John Harris
Sydney's first commercial dairy was built by Dr John Harris on his Ultimo estate, now an inner suburb. Harris was a naval surgeon and magistrate who became one of the colony's largest landowners. Ultimo's Harris Street is named after him.
In 1793, Harris bought the estate of James Ruse, Australia's first ex-convict farmer, at Parramatta. Over following years he acquired more land, including estates at Ultimo, Drummoyne and Bathurst. By 1800 he owned 315 acres (127 ha) of land and had acquired 431 head of stock.
The Ultimo estate was subdivided in 1859. Until then it remained as farmland, in possession of the Harris family.
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Which are the Rarest Dog Breeds in the World? VOSD
The rarest dog breeds in the world
The Rarest Dog Breeds in the World
For a long time, people have been absolutely fascinated by different breeds of dog, especially unique dog breeds. While we are still trying to figure out what the rarest dog breed is (we think it's the New Guinea Singing Dog), dog breeds rarely make the news these days for being one of a kind. In a way, the focus on breeding can cause medical issues because of unethical methods, inbreeding, and bad treatment meted out to dogs in puppy mills. But it still helps to know about ancient and rare dogs to understand the rich and diverse history of the canine species.
We talked about the new guinea singing dog here, and the fascinating story behind its rediscovery. But people have been breeding dogs for centuries, and now there are certain breeds that have become rare dogs and hard to spot. We give you the lowdown on some unique dog breeds here. Take a journey with us to understand rare Ridgebacks, Sighthounds, Spaniels, Terriers, and other cool dog breeds.
The Basenji actually looks very much like an Indian breed of dog! It is one of the most ancient breed of dog, originating in the Congo. The Basenji was used for hunting. It is named after the original pygmy tribes that bred and raised them. One of the most interesting facts about the Basenji is that it has maintained certain "primitive" characteristics, like being unable to bark. Colonisers from England (where else?) were interested in bringing the dog and widening its gene pool to England, but they were unsuccessful for a long time because all the dogs started to suffer from distemper.
Basenjis have short coats, are of medium height, and are lean. They are extremely active (usefulf for hunting) and need to be physically and mentally stimulated often. They can be stern and aggressive. (source: _URL_
Bedlington terrier
This adorable and distinctive breed of dog is originally from Northumberland, in the English countryside. These terriers look like lambs, with a curved back and a gentle face. They love to run around and play, but are also gentle and sweet in disposition. Bedlington terriers were the possible result of crossing a few other breeds – the Rothbury terrier, the Dinmont terrier and the Whippet. Bedlingtons are some of the cutest dogs in the world and have been bred since 1825. They are popular in dog shows. Bedlingtons have been used for dog sports, dog racing, and to hunt for vermin like rats, mice, rabbits, small foxes, and other pests that are considered harmful to farms.
Tibetan mastiff
One of the most interesting histories belongs to the Tibetan Mastiff. These large, hairy, shaggy dogs with somber faces may have originated anywhere, but somehow ended up in Central Asia after traveling with invading armies. According to petfinder, there has been evidence of the existence of these rare dogs from as far back as 1100 BC, which is really cool! They could have also come to China with the legendary invader, Gengis Khan, or even Attila the Hun.
Tibetan mastiffs then ended up in Tibet, near the Himalayas, and became effective guard dogs for the mountain folk. During British Raj, the Viceroy of India is said to have gifted Queen Victoria with a Tibetan Mastiff.
This Mastiff is large and thick, and has a double coat that allows it to endure extreme weather conditions from cold to warm. They are quiet and reserved dogs but can be friendly towards their families, human or otherwise.
Related Article – Know Your Indian Dog Breeds
Thai ridgeback
Firstly, a ridge on the back of a dog is a line of hair that grows against the general direction of the rest of the hair on a dog's body. The Rhodesian Ridgeback has this feature and is more well known than the Thai Ridgeback. The Thai Ridgeback possibly originated in Thailand, as the name suggests, and is said to have been bred on the Asian island in the 17th century. They are medium-sized dogs with short, dark hair, and are very agile and athletic. They have a skinny, upward-curving tail. The Thai Ridgeback is great for guarding and hunting due to its athletic nature. It is one of the more rare breeds of dogs in the world.
Lagotto Romagnolo
This little cutie is super-rare and one of the best known Italian breeds of dogs in the world. The Lagotto Romagnolo is also known as the Italian Water Dog and was bred to hunt for waterfowl in the marshlands of Italy (specifically Romagna). They are hairy with thick coats, and have an extremely keen sense of smell. Today, they are used to spot truffle for Italian restaurants! They are small (growing up to a height of about 15 cms). An interesting fact: Lagotto Romagnolos might have been around for centuries, and are found in a few Italian paintings. Could they have been a part of Italian royal families? Hopefully someone will find this out for us!
Norwegian lundehund
The catchily named Norwegian Lundehund is a type of Spitz, and is medium sized. These dogs are found in Norway. "Lundehund" means "puffin hound" or "puffin dog". They are flexible, agile, and clever dogs, able to climb into the ridges of cliffs and caves in Norway to hunt for puffin birds. How are these dogs adapted to this role you might ask? The Norwegian Lundehunds have some evolutionary genetic traits that allow this to be possible – they have two extra toes (one on each foot) and are so flexible they can flex or bend their head in order to touch their back. The Lundehunds are highly independent dogs, and could be difficult to train. They also have two less teeth than other dogs.
New guinea singing dog
We already spoke about the return of the New Guinea Singing Dog here, and yes – they might be making a comeback. These dogs are known for their distinctive "singing" sound and the way they synchronize with other dogs from their pack. Efforts have always been made to breed these dogs in captivity, but now there are signs that they might be around and thriving in the wild! It is closely related to the Australian dingo, and is considered one of the most unique dog breeds in the world.
Czechoslovakian wolfdog
Bear with us while we try to pronounce this mouthful. The Czechoslovakian wolfdog is a beautiful, graceful dog that looks like a wolf, with grey fur and light eyes. They make great guard dogs, and are strong, agile, and intelligent. The breed is relatively new, having been bred in the 1950s to guard the Czechoslovakian border. They are now imported to the United States for similar border patrol duties and other active roles.
These sighthounds look like proper royalty, with their tall, lean, and dignified presence. They are thin dogs, and have high back and long legs. The Azawakh originated in West Africa, in the Azawagh Valley near the Sahara desert. The Azawakh was bred by nomadic tribes and has been around for many centuries. These tall dogs can grow up to a height of 75 cm and look regal when they hunt or walk or do anything, really. The Azawakh is dark brown or fawn in colour, with a white belly. But they or their cousins, are seen around Africa in different colours as well. The Azawakh is also related to the Basenji (see above) and pariah dogs from the African continent.
Bergamasco shepherd
Another Italian breed, the Bergamasco Shepherd dog is one of those beautiful breeds that resemble sheep. They are, as a result, used to guard flocks of sheep and can often disappear into that role! They are medium sized dogs with fur that becomes matted up into clumps. These Shepherd dogs are muscular and broad, and are strong enough to withstand cold winters. These rare dogs are related to German Shepherds, and could have originated in the 1800s, in order to perform herding tasks.
Brazilian mastiff/ fila brasileiro
The Fila Brasiliero is one of the largest dog breeds in the world. They are huge, energetic, and make great guard dogs. It is likely that they were bred from Bloodhounds, the English Mastiffs, and Bulldogs in the 17th century. Brazilian Mastiffs are banned in several countries because of their potential aggressive nature, but just like all dogs, early socialization can help the dog get along with humans and other dogs. They are mostly found in Brazil and can be brown, fawn, or black in colour. They are suitable to large, open spaces. These dogs are instinctively guarded and wary, so it might take a while to socialize them.
There you go! Some of the world's rarest breeds in the world are definitely also the most fascinating. It's strange to think that many of them might not exist in a few years, which is why it's important to conserve their genetic traits (without inbreeding and other unethical methods). Still, as they say, "adopt don't shop" and if you come across these rare breeds and want one, don't purchase


Kinematic Self-Replicating Machines
2.3.1 Simplified von Neumann Automaton Replication
Von Neumann's automata replicative process closely mirrors the biological one. In the original model, instructions exist in two copies. One of the copies is read and acted upon to construct another machine, but without instructions. The second copy is then read and copied twice, and this double copy is inserted into the passive constructed offspring machine which is then turned on and released, thus completing the act of replication. There is no logical necessity for having two sets of identical instructions. Von Neumann employed two copies of the instructions because it eliminated the criticism that the instructions might, in the first (construction) phase, become corrupted and so not be able to transmit a true version for the use of offspring machine. Another solution is to provide the machine proper with an automatic "wired-in" copy routine which the program calls for at the proper time.
Last updated on 1 August 2005


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The editing and proofreading stage of packaging and branding materials is an essential stage before products are introduced to the market.
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Brand image is a key consideration in retail, so internationally traded consumer goods within competitive sectors must develop a strong brand presence adapted to meet the cultural sensitivities, understanding consumer attitudes of the target market to ensure strong product launch and ongoing success.
Whether your product requires editing/proofreading for its retail packaging, labelling (medicines, ingredient lists etc), product descriptions, product operations manuals, flyers, posters or other advertising materials we can adapt and re-orientate them to make your message intentionally targeted to an English speaking audience.
For post-translation editing, a particular example of the need for total and unambiguous accuracy is the case of medicine labelling where dosage and dose frequency translation errors could have very serious consequences with legal implications should inaccuracies be found. Similarly, care labels on garments require particular care during editing post-translation according to the material type and aftercare instructions.
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text:
Brinstone is a particularly hard form of stone with above solid density found on numerous worlds, including but certainly not limited to Tallon IV, Aether/Dark Aether and Bryyo. Since its compact atomic structure makes it strong, it is used as a reliable building material in constructing foundations but rarely on war-torn worlds due to its relative fragility to even the smallest of concussive blasts.
A common way to shatter Brinstone obstacles is to fire a missile, which is the only way known to famous space hunter Samus Aran could figure to move through the obstacles during several missions where she encountered the substance, considering her current weapons complement at those times.
- Kreuger displacement: 49.57
- Atomic weight: 99.987
- Vacuum potential: 87.69
- Origin: Unknown
- Metroid Prime (First appearance)
- Metroid Prime 2: Echoes
- Metroid Prime 3: Corruption


G/G full form
Meaning : Ground-to-Ground communication
Category : Telecommunication
Sub Category :Military
Type : Abbreviation
What does G/G mean or stand for?
Ground-to-Ground communication as opposed to ground to air which is used by air traffic controllers to aircraft.G/G can be used in various situation and is mostly used by military units that need a secure communications channel to relay important information.


5 Couple Activities *Scientifically* Proven To Improve Relationship!
Last Updated: | By: Relationships
When you wan to have a fun night or spend time with your partner, you might check google for helping you but you never go and look for a scientific journal. Google always has answer for all your questions but there are times when those answers do not give the desired results.
You want to spend time with your partner to be closer to them and get the roots of your relationship stronger but if the activities that you do are not that effective then the results might not be desired ones.
So here is a list of activities that you can do together that are also scientifically proven to improve your relationship.
1. Play 20 Questions
This game is the most famous and cliche but it is also the most effective one. It brings people closer when they talk about life, feelings, etc.
2. Workout Together
When you exercise, your body releases endorphin, which would help you feel positively towards each other and also the increased heart rate would make your excitement level rise.
3. Reading Together
Research shows that people grow closer by revealing and sharing new thoughts, ideas and fantasies with each other, [and]reading a book and then discussing it is a fun way for couples to grow closer. It makes you more attractive in the eyes of the partner.
4. Doing Household Work Together
Yes the task is tedious but when you do it with your partner, you work in a sync which improves the relation. Washing the dirty dishes is what you do daily but what can be done is investing a whole day to clean and remodel your home.
5. Do Daring Adventures Together
Yes, this makes the couple grow closer. Because you feel nervous and get the support from your partner, and enjoying the thrill together brings you closer.
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text:
What are Hospital Ice Chips?
Table of Contents
For oral hydration, hospitals use small pieces of Ice chips to soothe a sore throat or to cool the mouth and throat. Methods to make hospital ice chips are crushing ice cubes or breaking up the block of ice. Ice chips are typically made from purified water and are safe to consume. When patients cannot drink more significant amounts of liquid because of illness or medical treatment, they are commonly used in hospitals and other healthcare settings to help patients keep hydrated and comfortable. Some people also use ice chips at home to help with dehydration, sore throat, or other conditions that affect the mouth and throat.
Benefits Of Ice Chips
- Hydration: Ice chips can help to hydrate the body because is solid form of water. People who have trouble swallowing or might feel sick and struggle to drink more significant amounts of water will find this to be especially helpful.
- Cooling effect: Ice chips can provide a cooling effect on the body, which can help reduce fever or overheating.
- Sore throat relief: Ice chips can help numb the throat and temporarily relieve soreness or irritation.
- Oral hygiene: Ice chips can help to clean the mouth and teeth, as the cold temperature helps to make it bacteria free and freshen your breath.
- Digestive aid: Ice chips can help digestion, stimulate the small intestine, and reduce bloating or discomfort.
- Pain relief: To numb, use ice chips and reduce pain in some body regions, such as following a dental procedure or during a sports injury.
- Weight loss: Some people use ice chips to curb hunger cravings and assist with weight loss efforts.
- Energy boost: Ice chips can provide a quick burst of energy, as the body uses energy to heat the ice and bring it to body temperature.
Why Hospitals Give Ice Chips
Hospitals give ice chips for several reasons:
- Hydration: Ice chips can help keep a patient hydrated, especially if they cannot drink more significant amounts of fluids due to illness or surgery.
- Comfort: Ice chips can comfort patients who may have a dry mouth or throat due to medications or treatments.
- Oral care: After surgery, a patient might not be able to brush their teeth or wash their mouth with water. Ice chips can help to clean the mouth and teeth.
- Cooling: Ice chips can help to cool down a patient's body temperature in the hospital.
- Swelling: Ice chips can help to reduce swelling in the mouth, throat, or other areas of the body.
Ice chips are a simple but effective way to help care for patients in a hospital setting.
Why to Have Ice Chips only Before Surgery?
You can only have ice chips before surgery because they are easy to digest and do not need chewing or digestion. It is crucial because, during surgery, the body's digestive system is essentially shut down, so anything eaten before surgery will sit in the stomach and intestines without being properly processed. It can lead to nausea, vomiting, and other digestive issues. On the other hand, ice chips can be quickly and easily absorbed by the body and do not pose any potential digestive problems. Additionally, ice chips can help to keep you hydrated and can provide some relief for dry mouth or throat.
What Kind Of Ice Maker Do Hospitals Use?
Hospitals typically use commercial ice makers, which are larger and more powerful than residential ice makers. These ice makers can produce large quantities of ice, making them ideal for busy hospitals where ice is use for various purposes such as patient care, food and beverage service, and laboratory research. Some hospitals may also use ice makers specifically designed for medical use, equipped with features such as built-in water filtration systems to ensure the ice is clean and safe to consume.
In conclusion, hospital staff gives their patients ice chips since it simply keeps them hydrated before and following surgery. It makes sense to provide commercial ice rather than manually crushed ice to your patients, visitors, or staff members so they can enjoy their fizzy water or drinks while staying chilly or cool on a warm day. I suggest visiting my webpage if you want to enjoy ice chips in the convenience of your own house.


How to Replace a Belt Tensioner on a 1998 Chevy Cavalier
by Grace Mclain
itstillruns article image
Jupiterimages/Comstock/Getty Images
The belt tensioner on the 1998 Chevy Cavalier is a spring loaded component with a pulley attached to one end. The belt tensioner keeps the proper amount of tension on the belt while the engine is running. The tensioner moves up and down with the movement of the belt as the belt travels around each accessory pulley. Replace the tensioner if the spring inside of the tensioner arm becomes weak or if it breaks.
Step 1
Open the hood on the 1998 Chevy Cavalier and locate the spring loaded belt tensioner. It's on the front passenger side of the engine or in the front center of the engine. Use the bolt head in the middle of the tensioner pulley to loosen the tension off of the belt.
Step 2
Rotate the tensioner pulley clockwise with the ratchet and socket. Then, pull the belt out from under the tensioner pulley. Hang the belt to the front of the engine with a bungee strap to keep it from falling out of the other accessory pulleys.
Step 3
Locate the bolt head that in the center of the spring loaded section of the tensioner. Loosen and remove the bolt with the ratchet and a socket by turning the bolt counter-clockwise. Pull the tensioner straight off of the front of the engine and place it to the side. If the tensioner is stuck, slide a flathead screwdriver behind the tensioner and pry outward until the tensioner comes off of the front of the engine.
Step 4
Position the new tensioner to the front of the engine. Screw the bolt back into the center of the spring loaded arm and tighten down tight with the ratchet and socket.
Step 5
Remove the bungee strap from the belt. Then, turn the new tensioner pulley clockwise to make room for the belt. Slide the belt under the new tensioner pulley and release the tensioner. As the new tensioner retracts it will tighten the belt to the proper tension.
Inspect the belt to make sure it's still seated inside all of the pulleys. Then, crank the engine and let it run for 15 seconds. Watch the tensioner as the engine is running to ensure it's working properly. Turn the engine off and close the hood.
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2.11.2 Speech Channel Objects
A Speech Channel object allows you to speak strings with slightly more
control than SpeakString(), and allows you to use multiple
speakers at the same time. Please note that channel pitch and rate are
interrelated in some way, so that to make your Macintosh sing you will
have to adjust both.
- SpeakText (str)
Start uttering the given string.
- Stop ()
- GetPitch ()
Return the current pitch of the channel, as a floating-point number.
- SetPitch (pitch)
Set the pitch of the channel.
- GetRate ()
Get the speech rate (utterances per minute) of the channel as a
floating point number.
- SetRate (rate)
Set the speech rate of the channel.
See About this document... for information on suggesting changes.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Home » Georgiana Cavendish – Duchess of Devonshire
Georgiana Cavendish – Duchess of Devonshire
Below is the detailed biography of Georgiana Cavendish, the Duchess of Devonshire in the Regency Era. She was a known style icon, political organizer and author. She was born into the Spencer family of English nobility. She was the most talked about Duchess of England with regards to her many love affairs and gambling habits.
Early Life of Georgiana Cavendish
A portrait of Georgiana Cavendish – Duchess of Devonshire
Georgiana Spencer, as was her birth name was born on the 7th of June in the year 1757 to John Spencer, a British peer, and politician and his wife Georgiana who later came to be known as Countess Georgiana. She was born in Althorp, Northamptonshire. Georgiana had two younger sisters. The family lived in St James, London.
Georgiana was the closest and dearest to her mother as compared to the other two children. In 1765, her father became Earl Spencer.
Adult Life and Marriage of Georgiana Cavendish
A portrait of William Cavendish – 5th Duke of Devonshire
Georgiana was only 17 years old when she married the most eligible bachelor of the Regency Era – William Cavendish who was 25 years old. He was a British nobleman, a politician, an aristocrat. He was also one of the most powerful men in England along with being wealthy which made them a good match.
However, these two had very little in common and were hardly ever seen together on social occasions. He was known to have various affairs outside the marriage and was unable to have Georgiana produce a child. The Duke had a former illegitimate daughter before his marriage. He also had a former partner Lady Elizabeth Foster who later became a close friend of Georgiana Cavendish.
A portrait of Lady Elizabeth Foster
Even after the Duke and Lady Foster had separated, they were known to have shared certain sexual relations. Later, they had two illegitimate children.
Duchess Cavendish was absolutely unhappy with this marriage. According to the customs in Regency England, a woman could not take a lover until she had produced an heir. She had two daughters – Georgiana Dorothy and Harriet Elizabeth. In 1790, she gave birth to a baby boy – William George Spencer Cavendish who grew up to be a bachelor duke all his life.
Georgiana Cavendish and Charles Grey
A portrait of Charles Grey, also known as the 2nd Earl Grey
It is believed that Duchess Cavendish, after the birth of her son was involved in a love affair with Charles Grey. Charles Grey, who was later known as the 2nd Earl Grey. He was the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1830 to 1834. He was a noble and famous man in London. While there is no concrete evidence that Earl Grey and Duchess Cavendish were involved in a 'love affair', she became pregnant by him in 1791.
She was sent off to France for her childbirth. Her health was extremely poor and everyone believed that she would die during childbirth. However, the child was well born and was called Eliza Courtney and she belonged to the Grey family.
While in France, she lived in complete isolation and was usually depressed as she was separated from her other children and family members. In the end, she denied her love for Charles Grey and went back to England to her husband and children.
Georgiana Cavendish as an Activist
Georgiana's family was a supporter of the Whig party. She lived during times when there was a realization of woman suffrage and empowerment. She was an influential woman and the first woman to come out as a political activist in her time.
She inspired women to promote the Whig party.
Georgiana Cavendish in Literature
She was a writer and poet during her time. Some of her works were published anonymously. Her very first published writing was 'Emma; Or, The Unfortunate Attachment: A Sentimental Novel' which came out in 1773. In 1778, she published 'The Sylph' anonymously. In the last years of her life, she published 'The Passage of the Mountain of Saint Gothard'.
Georgiana Cavendish in Gambling
After returning to England from France, she was much involved in taking care of her husband who suffered from gout. In 1796, she suffered from illness in her eyes, the operation of which resulted in her scarring face. Rapidly, her health began to decline and debt began to increase.
During her decline in health, she became addicted to gambling. She was in her forties back then. It is also said that once she begged her mother for 100 pounds and told her that she was suffering from jaundice.
Later, it was found out that she was genuinely sick and suffering from a liver disorder.
Later Life and Death of Georgiana Cavendish
She spent her last years in sickness. She died at a young age of 48 on March 30th, 1806. She was surrounded by her children, her mother, and her husband. She was buried at the family vault in All Saints Parish Church.
Her life was an example of the life of a noblewoman of England, a roller coaster of emotions and outburst and a result of various decisions.
There were many film portrayals on her life like the 'The Divine Lady' in 1929 and 'Berkeley Square' in 1933.
Found info useful?


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The Hard X-ray Nanoprobe beamline and endstation instruments (HXN) will be designed and constructed to explore new frontiers of hard x-ray microscopy applications with the highest achievable spatial resolution. Currently the available spatial resolution for scientific applications, provided by scanning x-ray microscopes in the hard x-ray regime, is limited to ~50nm, which is still insufficient for probing the nanoscale interfacial structures critical in determining properties and functionalities of material and biological systems. The HXN beamline aims to enable x-ray experiments at spatial resolutions ranging from 10 to 30 nm with an ultimate goal of ~1 nm.
The beamline is designed to minimize all possible sources of vibration and thermal drift. The conceptual design of the HXN beamline is optimized with the physical boundary conditions required to construct a satellite building physically isolated from the potential noise sources from the NSLS-II storage ring, experimental hall, and the adjacent lab-office building. This stability is needed to produce the ultimate goal of a 1 nm spot size.


How is the Weather in Olon?
Olon is located right next to Montañita in the Santa Elena province of Ecuador, which has a more Temperate Climate than Salinas, Manta and other coastal cities and towns. The average temperatures according to BING Weather History is:
January - May = 26 to 29°C
June - December = 23 to 26°C
That means it's never cold in Olon. When it rains, it mostly does so at night and never very hard. That makes Olon the ideal spot to stay for a longer while!
Of course, Olon has one of the nicest sandy, wide & long Beaches and romantic Sunsets there are!
Below you can see the current Weather from AccuWeather. But this is not often very accurate, the closest weather station (in Manglaralto) doesn't seem to be very capable of registering and predicting the Weather very accurately.
The area is Green all year, with seasonal streams and small rivers. There is a variety of wildlife to be seen and heard at the Beach and in the Forested Hills. Find many Birds and Butterflies, Howler Monkeys, Deer and other local species!
Olon gives you more options and things to do. The Water Temperature is agreeable all-year-round. When it rains, it's normally in the early morning. There is often a nice breeze from the Ocean in daytime and from the Hills at night, so you don't always need your Air-Conditioning.


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Proceedings of the XXVIII Congress of the International Society of Biomechanics in Sports
This study evaluated and compared the peak vertical ground reaction force (GRF) and rate of force development (RFD) for the eccentric and concentric phases of 4 lower body resistance training exercises, including the back squat, deadlift, step-up, and forward lunge. Sixteen women performed 2 repetitions of each of the 4 exercises at a 6 repetition maximum load. Kinetic data were acquired using a force platform. A repeated measures ANOVA was used to evaluate the differences in GRF between the exercises. Results revealed significant main effects for GRF both the eccentric (p ≤ 0.001) and concentric (p ≤ 0.001) phases. Significant main effects were also found for RFD for the eccentric (p ≤ 0.001) and concentric phases (p ≤ 0.001). Force and power requirements and osteogenic potential differ between these resistance training exercises.


Johnny the Homicidal Maniac: Director's Cut Quiz | Eight Week Quiz A
Jhonen Vasquez
Buy the Johnny the Homicidal Maniac: Director's Cut Lesson Plans
Name: _________________________ Period: ___________________
Multiple Choice Questions
1. How does Squee's mother react when he tells her he is frightened?
(a) She doesn't respond because she is asleep.
(b) She ignores him and tells him to go see his father.
(c) She screams that she never wanted him.
(d) She tells him to stop worrying and go back to bed.
2. What does Squee do when he sees the survey taker?
(a) He knocks on Johnny's door to ask for help.
(b) He tells his parents.
(c) He screams and runs.
(d) He stops and asks him a question.
3. Who is Happy Noodle Boy?
(a) A character in a comic strip drawn by Johnny.
(b) Johnny's alter-ego.
(c) An inanimate object that serves as the voice of reason for Johnny.
(d) Squee's teddy bear.
4. Who is the first character to be introduced?
(a) Happy Noodle Boy.
(b) Shmee.
(c) Squee.
(d) Johnny.
5. What is the name of Squee's teddy bear?
(a) D-Boy.
(b) Shmee.
(c) Dixi.
(d) Mister Boo.
Short Answer Questions
1. Why is Squee frightened at the beginning of the book?
2. How does Squee's father respond when Squee tells him he is frightened?
3. What is Johnny's house number?
4. What does the survey taker say about Johnny's answers to his questions?
5. Who is Johnny's voice of insanity, who drives him further into his illness?
(see the answer key)
This section contains 283 words
(approx. 1 page at 300 words per page)
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The uncertainty in the half life of uranium-238 is stated at 0.05% [1]. The same paper gives the date 251.941 myr ± 31 kyr. 251.941 $\times$ 0.05% = 125 kyr.
How are the authors justified in claiming an accuracy of ± 31 kyr when the uncertainty in the half life alone is ± 125 kyr? On top of that, they list two other kinds of analytical uncertainties, which would only increase the overall uncertainty.
[1] Burgess, S. et al, "High-precision timeline for Earth's most severe extinction", Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, Volume 111, 2014. _URL_
I can't be entirely sure but I'll make an informed guess:
That value doesn't come for a single measurement. Therefore, if the error in the age of a single sample is $\pm125$ kyr, you just need to average 16 samples to get it down to $\pm31$ kyr.
The uncertainty in the addition (or substraction) of two or more quantities is equal to the square root of the addition of the squares of the uncertainties of each quantity (assuming they arise from random errors). For example, if we have quantity A with uncertainty $\sigma_a$ and quantity B with uncertainty $\sigma_b$, the error in the quantity $C=A+B$ would be:
And if we call M to the average between A and B. The uncertainty in the average is
So if we average 16 samples with $\sigma=125$ kyr, the uncertainty in the average would be
$\sigma_m=\frac{\sqrt{16 \sigma^2}}{16}=\frac{\sqrt{16 \times 125^2}}{16}=31$ kyr
Uncertainty propagation can be seen in the abstract of the article you refer to:
Where the ±48 ka comes from?
This treatment of uncertainties assumes that uncertainties are independent of each other. As _USER_ pointed in the comments, this won't be the case if the uncertainty comes from "the length of your measuring stick (the half-life of U-238)".
This is: if you measure something with a "yard-stick" that have the wrong size, you can't reduce the resulting error by just averaging many measurements.
I don't know enough of geochronology to understand all the different errors they report. But the simple example in the abstract cite I presented above shows that they are indeed treating those errors as independent. Otherwise the reported interval error (±48 ka) would not make sense.
If one significant source of error is indeed the uncertainty in the half-life of $^{238}$U. However, it would be wrong to treat these errors as independent only if there exists an exact value for this half-life. Alternatively, maybe there is no exact value of the half-life, and what they meant is that the half-life value can truly vary a 0.05%. This is something to look into if you want to figure out if the treatment of errors they do is correct. However, after a quick google search I found that radioactive half-life can indeed vary by a small fraction due to environmental conditions, this article explains pretty well the phenomena. Here a short excerpt:
...radioactive half-life of an atom can depend on how it is bonded to other atoms. Simply by changing the neighboring atoms that are bonded to a radioactive isotope, we can change its half-life. However, the change in half-life accomplished in this way is typically small. For instance, a study performed by B. Wang et al and published in the European Physical Journal A was able to measure that the electron capture half-life of beryllium-7 was made 0.9% longer by surrounding the beryllium atoms with palladium atoms.
If the 0.05% uncertainty on the half-life of $^{238}$U comes from random environmental factors, it would indeed be acceptable to consider them as an independent source of error for each sample.
 - 3
 $\begingroup$ As far as I know, this only applies if the uncertainties are independent. If the uncertainty is in the length of your measuring stick (the half-life of U-238), the uncertainties are correlated and you can't reduce them by making more measurements. $\endgroup$ – Mark Mar 2 '19 at 20:48
 - $\begingroup$ _USER_ You are right. I've added something to my answer. Have a look. $\endgroup$ – Camilo Rada Mar 2 '19 at 21:47
 - $\begingroup$ _USER_ I just added something about the natural variation of radioactive decay half-life. I think that explain that they treat the errors as independent. $\endgroup$ – Camilo Rada Mar 2 '19 at 22:05
 - $\begingroup$ The page you link to lists three potential mechanisms for changing the decay rate (and thus the half-life) of radioactive elements: time dilation, electron density change and bombardment with high-energy radiation. The first doesn't apply on Earth (well, technically it does, but the time dilation due to Earth's gravity is vanishingly small), the second only affects elements that decay via electron capture (Uranium doesn't),... $\endgroup$ – Ilmari Karonen Mar 2 '19 at 22:24
 - 1
 $\begingroup$ _USER_ Yes, but the OP doesn't seem to be content with just "a good approximation" as the whole question revolve around a 0.05% change in $^{238}$U half-life, a pretty tiny change. $\endgroup$ – Camilo Rada Mar 2 '19 at 22:29
Your Answer


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In Jogjakarta, Indonesia, students made a video about why young people should show respect to their peers, adults, and elders as part of Asia Society's Creative Voices of Islam project. They were assisted by two youth media organizations: Appalshop (US) and Kampung Halaman (Indonesia).
This video was made by students at Public High Schools 1, 3, and 8 in Jogjakarta, Indonesia to share with students in Asia Society's International Studies Schools Network in Charlotte, North Carolina and Mathis, Texas. After you watch the video, read what the students thought and post your own comments!
Responses to "Respect"
Creative Voices of Islam is a three-year initiative implemented by Asia Society with support from the Doris Duke Foundation for Islamic Art. The goal of this initiative is to foster an increased understanding of the diversity of experience and voices within the multicultural societies of contemporary United States and Asia. The initiative includes a series of exhibitions, cultural events, and public programs at Asia Society's headquarters in New York City, as well as a youth media exchange between high schools in the U.S. and Muslim countries in Asia.


How to Install a Dual Fuel Range
Worker Removes Appliance Dolly from New Kitchen Range
What You'll Need
Electric outlet and wiring
Hose or pipes (for gas source)
Adjustable wrench
Dual fuel ranges have grown in reputation as the importance of proficient model home kitchens has increased. Installing dual fuel ranges can provide cooks with the benefits of more than one kind of fuel in preference to the restrictions of a solitary fuel range.
Dual fuel ranges, known as duel fuel stoves, have developed into a well-liked option for people whose budget and home design can contain them. Installing dual fuel ranges is easy provided you follow the proper steps and safety precautions.
Step 1 - Familiarize Yourself with Fundamentals of Dual Fuel Ranges
The dual fuel range is a stove which combines various fuels for cooking: electricity and gas. Gas is a clammy heat, and it provides enhanced temperature regulation for top-of-the-stove cooking. Great chefs tend to favor gas cooktops. Gas-fueled cooking has a lower operating cost compared to electric-fueled cooking, thus by using a gas-fueled cooktop one possibly saves on operating costs. The oven is typically operated by electricity.
Step 2 - Install Dual Fuel Range
pot heating on a gas burner
Clean and check the area where the old stove was placed. Ensure you have new electric lines for the oven. Inspect the quality of pipes for the gas source. Usually, dual-fuel ranges work with the existing 120 Volt outlet, so no need to have a specialized outlet for it. You need to ensure that the gas pipes from the source to the cooktops are firmly and safely fastened. Follow other reminders indicated in the owner's manual to ensure everything was set up correctly.
Step 3 - Install Gas Hose
If your home has no basement, the shutoff needs to be along the wall at an access panel's back. You need to take out the cap of the gas line using an adjustable wrench, if a gas range was never used before. Next, wrap the fitting on top of the stove while the gas pipe is coming up through the floor, using Teflon tape. Screw a flex hose end to the fitting along the gas stove, then tighten it using an adjustable wrench. After this, screw the other flex hose end onto the gas pipe coming up through the floor and tighten it using the wrench. Switch on the dual fuel range gas supply.
Step 4 - Take the Final Considerations
range with an open oven door
When it comes to selecting among various kinds of fuel for your range, always consider your safety while cooking. Also, in existing houses the kitchen design may limit your choice either to electricity alone or to gas alone as your cooking fuel. On the other hand, some existing houses do have the capability for dual-fueling of the preferred range. Budgeting also begs consideration: dual fuel ranges include higher purchase costs as well as higher maintenance costs than ranges which are either electric-fueled or gas-fueled only. Installation of the dual fuel range is a straight-forward job, which is normally guided by the manual provided by the manufacturer. Typically, the only concern of the dual fuel range purchaser is the piping for the gas source and the wiring for the electricity line.


Human Resources
Alumni Office Specialist
Primary Role
Performs essential office-wide support functions for the office of Alumni Relations.
Typical Duties and Responsibilities
 1. Maintains alumni records; monitors and tracks volunteers; works with database; and performs data entry in Datatel's Benefactor program.
 2. Organizes; creates file folders; monitors event timelines; oversees regional event registration; runs or requests reports and mailing labels.
 3. Provides clerical support to an office including services such as arranging appointments/travel, sorting and distributing mail and departmental email, composing letters, postcards and other mailings, ordering office supplies & promotional items, allocating and approving purchasing card transactions for all cardholders, making bank deposits and handling other accounting functions, typing, filing, etc.
 4. Acts as staff liaison for certain reunion classes at Alumni Weekend and Homecoming; oversees registration process for both events; tracks and helps coordinate Student Alumni Association activities; communicates with Affinity Groups; and occasionally travels to regional events. This position involves overtime (including weekends) in February, June and October each year.
 5. Writes bi-monthly articles for the employee newspaper; proofreads materials; helps with newsletters; and communicates with alumni, friends, students, Student Alumni Association members and the campus community regarding alumni events and volunteer activities.
 6. Greets and directs visitors, answers phone inquiries and provides routine information to callers and visitors. Completes and collects forms, applications, work orders, requisitions, reports, etc. Helps maintain the Alumni Web Page and sends e-communications.
 7. Performs related duties as assigned
Supervision Required/Given
Works independently within established policies and procedures. Must work cooperatively with diverse individuals and customers. Some direct supervision of student workers.
Position Qualifications
 1. Knowledge and capabilities normally acquired through completion of a high school diploma. Additional academic training preferred.
 2. Three years experience in an office setting sufficient to demonstrate proficiency in: customer service skills, volunteer management, project planning and management, PC based office software, budget planning and tracking, staff supervision, advances word processing skills, and effective handling of confidential materials.


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Nov. 9, 2011 In the fight for survival, plants are capable of complex social behaviours and may exhibit altruism towards family members, but aggressively compete with strangers.
A growing body of work suggests plants recognize and respond to the presence and identity of their neighbours. But can plants cooperate with their relatives? While some studies have shown that siblings perform best -- suggesting altruism towards relatives -- other studies have shown that when less related plants grow together the group can actually outperform siblings. This implies the group benefits from its diversity by dividing precious resources effectively and competing less.
A team from McMaster University suggests plants can benefit from both altruism and biodiversity but when these processes occur at the same time, it is difficult to predict the outcome.
"The greatest challenge for understanding plant social interactions is we can't interpret plant behaviours as easily as we do those of animals," explains Susan Dudley, an associate professor in the Department of Biology at McMaster. "Though we have shown plants change traits in the presence of relatives, we need to determine if this is cooperation. Linking the plant behaviours with their benefits is challenging when multiple processes co-occur."
Dudley and a team of researchers disentangle the sometimes contradictory research in the latest edition of the Proceedings of the Royal Society B, describing how the identity and presence of neighbours affect many processes acting on plant populations.
The problem, she says, is that plant social interactions are treated as a black box, with researchers only looking at the output, or the fitness of the plant, in sibling competition. But they need to investigate the mechanisms inside the box -- by describing how traits of individuals affect fitness -- to understand how the output is reached and which mechanisms are occurring to get there.
"Simply put, social environment matters to plants. If we first acknowledge that kin cooperation and resource partitioning are co-occurring, we can begin to address some very important questions," says Amanda File, a graduate student in the Department of Biology at McMaster.
"Among these questions is whether there is a link between kin recognition and plant performance, whether plant kin recognition can improve crop yield and how kin recognition shapes communities and ecosystems" says Guillermo Murphy, a graduate student in the Department of Biology at McMaster.
Other social bookmarking and sharing tools:
- A. L. File, G. P. Murphy, S. A. Dudley. Fitness consequences of plants growing with siblings: reconciling kin selection, niche partitioning and competitive ability. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2011; DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2011.1995
Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.


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Research chair focuses on cancer prevention and detection
Dr. Ann Dorward
This past year, Dr. Ann Dorward was named Memorial University's Canada Research Chair in Molecular Signalling in Human Health and Disease.
Dr. Dormand's research emphasizes the value of the mouse as a model mammal for exploring three major themes: cancer risk, cancer progression and new methods for early cancer detection.
"Calculating one person's risk for the development of cancer is not a simple equation, it's influenced by both their genes and their environmental exposures over a lifetime," says Dr. Dorward. "Studying mouse models of human cancers help us determine which genes and which exposures are most important for the risk of developing specific cancers."
The Cancer Institute of Canada estimated 37,000 men and 33,400 women died from cancer in 2006 and the number of cancer-related deaths is projected to increase as a larger proportion of the Canadian population reaches an advanced age.
Dr. Dorward's research is focused on basic cancer biology and genetics, encompassing nutrition and pharmacological research in the areas of cancer prevention and therapy.
The Government of Canada established Canada Research Chairs to promote the highest level of research excellence at Canadian universities. In its 2000 budget, the federal government provided $900 million to support the establishment of 2,000 Canada Research Chairs in universities across the country.


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Sir Richard Grenville (1542 – 1591) was an English sailor, sea captain and explorer. He took part in the early English attempts to settle the New World. He was in the fight against the Spanish Armada. He died in 1591 at the Battle of Flores, fighting against overwhelming odds, and refusing to surrender his ship, the Revenge, to the far more numerous Spanish.
Sir Richard Grenville was a British naval commander. He was born of an old Cornish family in about 1541. His grandfather, Sir Richard, was a marshal of Calais during the time of Henry VIII. Richard Grenville's father commanded and lost his life in the "Mary Rose" in 1545. At an early age Richard Grenville served in Hungary under the emperor Maximilian against the Turks.


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Using "Capture Current State" to Automate Dimensions with iLogic.
iLogic in 2021 introduces the ability to add dimensions to drawings and to capture the state of selected geometry on a drawing view.
In this example I'm going to show you how to create a linear dimension. In the image below I have named some faces (right click on practically any geometry and select "Assign Name"), using the new tools in iLogic, I can now easily place a linear dimension between these 2 faces.
In the drawing environment, simply select the geometry you wish to use and then right click and choose "iLogic" then "Capture Current State".
The information that you need is now copied to your iLogic clipboard.
Note that if you have not already named the geometry, you can still "Capture Current State" from the drawing, you will be prompted by Inventor, letting you know that the underlying geometry is going to be edited.
In a new iLogic, rule, simply paste in the info about the 2 lines from my iLogic clipboard (purple). Note that we have pulled through Face 1 and Face 2.
Next navigate to the new "Drawings" section of the snippets and double click on "Linear Dimension".
Delete the first 3 lines as they are not needed (the are duplicates of the info from our clipboard)
The last line of code looks like this, we need to replace "namedGeometry1" with the information from Face1 and Face2.
Dim linDim1 = genDims.AddLinear("Dimension 1", VIEW1.SheetPoint(0.5, -0.1), namedGeometry1)
If we just put in Face1 we will get something like this, just as if we had chosen Face1 in the interface.
Dim linDim1 = genDims.AddLinear("Dimension 1", VIEW1.SheetPoint(0.5, -0.1), Face1)
If we include Face1 and Face2, we get the following:
Dim linDim1 = genDims.AddLinear("Dimension 1", VIEW1.SheetPoint(0.5, -0.1), Face1, Face2)
Here's the full code that I used to get the linear dimension between Face1 and Face2:
Dim Sheet_1 = ThisDrawing.Sheets.ItemByName("Sheet:1")
Dim VIEW1 = Sheet_1.DrawingViews.ItemByName("VIEW1")
Dim Face2 = VIEW1.GetIntent("Face2")
Dim Face1 = VIEW1.GetIntent("Face1")
Dim genDims = Sheet_1.DrawingDimensions.GeneralDimensions
Dim linDim1 = genDims.AddLinear("Dimension 1", VIEW1.SheetPoint(0.5, -0.1),Face1,Face2)


text: This article focuses on consumers' unconscious counter-reactions to incidentally received advertising appeals. Recipients can be influenced automatically by incidental ad exposure due to evaluative conditioning processes, mere-exposure effects, or priming events. However, it is assumed that such processes, especially priming events, can also lead to automatic counter-reactions. To test this assumption experimentally, the type of ad exposure was systematically varied between focused, incidental, and control. Among other variables participants' response latencies to consumption-critical word pairs in comparison to neutral pairs were measured to assess the ability to counter-react received advertising information. Response latencies were considerably lower in the focused and incidental test conditions than they were in the control group. Since participants in the incidental group were only able to analyze the ads preattentively, results indicate an automatic activation of consumption-critical motives or cognitions—critical associations were more available here. Thus, results provisionally support the underlying hypothesis.


Electrical Firing System - Firing Cables
Firing Cables
The type of firing cable used depends primarily on how many conductors is needed. Generally, 16 or 50 conductor cables are used, being this is the most common type of firing system configuration. Some systems are designed with a specific male/female polarity (i.e. one type solely used at firing system end and one type used at field module end) and some use the same sex connector for both ends. The specific polarity design usually used to imply the "direction" of the firing current and/or data signal (computerized system only); however, this is unnecessary in an analog (non-computerized) firing system, where there is not necessarily an "input" and "output" of the field module. In other words, you don't have to worry about which end of the cable goes where in an analog system which uses the same sex connector on both the slave and firing control module, ultimately saving you time during setup. In addition, firing cables can have a separate ground line secured to them for systems which are not internally grounded. See pictures below.
firing cables
fireworks firing cables
Check out how fireworks work!
Be sure to check out our Free Fireworks Videos!


New Orleans, LA weather in December 1955
Temperature for December 1955
In December 1955 the average high temperature in New Orleans, LA was 64.2°F, and this was 1.6°F cooler than the average of 65.7°F. The hottest day in December 1955 was 3 December when the temperature reached 80.1°F. Overnight the average temperature in December is 46.2°F and in 1955 the average overnight temperature was 3.1°F warmer at 49.3°F.
Precipitation for December 1955
In December the average monthly rainfall in New Orleans, LA is 3.19 inches with rain usually falling on 10 days. In December 1955 there was a total of 0.00 inches of rain, that fell on 9 days.


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Red Claw Crab (Perisesarma bidens)
From The Aquarium Wiki
You can contribute to the Aquarium Wiki by expanding this article. Dont be shy!.
Red Claw Crab
1.001 - 1.025
7.5 - 8.5
This animal is available captive bred
- Red Claw Crab, Red Crab, Thai Crab
- Sesarma bidens
- Males are more brightly coloured than females. Females also have a different shaped abdomen, only visible on the underside.
- Really best kept in species tanks and can live with other crabs but may fight with other crabs if not enough space to set up territories, but if kept with fish they must not be kept with long-finned fish, bottom dwellers or small fish species. Top dwelling and fast-swimming fish that prefer brackish conditions only.
- An omnivorous crab which will take most foods including blanched vegetables, flakes and pellets, brine shrimp, bloodworm and fish.
- Feed once or twice a day.
- Must have access to an area above the water line, and prefers brackish conditions, an SG of 1.005 is sufficient. A secure fitting lid is essential as these are excellent escape artists. Red crabs are particularly sensitive to copper, which is an ingredient in many fish-disease treatments and snail-eradication chemicals, avoid at all costs.
- Red Claw Crabs are very good escape artists, and will take advantage of any opportunity to escape from the aquarium they are kept in. They can easily climb up airline tubing and filter tubes, so a tight fitting lid is essential. They can be kept with fish, but it is not a good idea to do this. They will catch and eat small fish if given the opportunity. Avoid keeping them with bottom dwellers or long finned fish at all costs.
- In a planted tank they will snip pieces off the plants and eat them. Adding a weighted piece of lettuce will allow them to drag it off and graze in private.
- Flattened deep red/brown shell with protruding eye stalks and 2 equal-sized orange to bright red claws.


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From YPPedia
A typical bilging puzzle
Bilging is one of seven duty puzzles and the first puzzle new players are assigned to practice. Its mechanics heavily borrow from Nintendo's Tetris Attack and Popcap's Bejeweled.
Good bilgers help to remove water that gradually accumulates in a ship's bilges, which is termed bilge water. The bilge meter displays the water level, and the waterline in the bilging puzzle also corresponds to this level. The higher the bilge level, the less effective sailing is.
Basic gameplay
The mouse or arrow keys move a two-piece target around the board. Clicking or pressing space swaps two selected pieces horizontally. Forming rows or columns of three pieces clears them and the bilge is pumped away.
With a mouse:
 - Mouse Movement: Move Cursor
 - Left Mouse Button: Swap Pieces
On the keyboard:
 - Arrow Keys: Move Cursor
 - Enter: Swap Pieces
 - Space: Swap Pieces
This is an excellent bilge clear.
The best bilgers can create combos that clear more than three pieces. Clearing four or five pieces offers a slight bonus, but one should try to aim for clearing more than one column or row with one move. There are different messages for each combo:
 - Good - 4 in a row
 - Great - 5 in a row
 - Arrr! - 3x3 or 3x4
 - Har! - 4x4
 - Yarrr! - Ax5
 - Bingo! - AxBxC
 - Sea Donkey! - 3x3x3x3, 3x3x3x4, or 3x3x4x4
 - Vegas! - AxBxCx5
Note: The letters refer to a cleared line of any length. For a Vegas it require two horizontal rows of 3, and two vertical rows, only one of which must be 5 in length. A 3x3x3x5 is a vegas, but scores less than a 3x3x4x5 vegas.
It is possible to create chain reactions when bilging, but as chain reactions are often more a result of random chance than strategy, they do not score highly when compared to combos. However, on rare occasions a long chain reaction will clear many blocks and cause multiple crabs to raise above the waterline - these chain reactions can score noticeably well. Chains can also help to "clear out" a board that has begun to run out of combos. A large number of new pieces from chains gives many possibilities for new combos.
The water line
All bilge puzzles start with three lines filled with water at the bottom. This water does not affect the ship's performance, and it cannot be cleared out. If the bilge puzzle is ignored, or played badly, the water level will increase. The higher the damage the ship has sustained, the faster the water will trickle in. This water slows down the effectiveness of sailing. Playing the bilge puzzle effectively will clear out the water to its original level. A side effect of the water line is that pieces moved below it move more slowly.
Crabs, puffer fish, and jellyfish, oh my!
Bilge Critters.png
A crab.gif
Crabs are immovable pieces that are cleared when they reach the water line. Crabs can appear at the 5 star level or higher. Crabs offer a high scoring bonus when cleared, and the bonus increases with the height of the water and the number of crabs simultaneously cleared. Clicking on a crab only results in the crab doing a little jig while shrieking.
The puffer fish expands when clicked and clears itself and the eight adjacent pieces. The puffer fish can appear at the 3 star level or higher. It is detrimental to the score unless it results in a chain reaction clear or it causes one or more crabs to clear by rising above the water line. (Destroying a crab by clicking an adjacent pufferfish does not score a bonus.) Letting pufferfish rise near the top of the screen can make converting crabs from obstacles into bonuses much easier--with one click on a pufferfish near the top of a board it is possible to raise three columns by up to three spaces each. Swapping two pufferfish simply swaps them as if they were normal pieces.
Swapping a colored piece with a jellyfish clears all the pieces of the same color on the board. The Jellyfish can appear at the 6 star level or higher. When used effectively, jellyfish often cause long chain reactions, thus creating new combo possibilities on the board.
Jellyfish do not work on other special pieces. Attempting to swap the jellyfish with a crab does not work. Attempting to swap the jellyfish with the pufferfish will cause the pufferfish to activate first, destroying the jellyfish. Attempting to swap two jellyfish with each other will cause them to swap as if they were normal pieces.
Bilge scoring
Bilge scoring is based around the efficiency of movesthe less moves taken to clear pieces, the higher the score. Unlike sailing, bilging takes time delay directly into account. A small delay is acceptable when searching for a new move. A good balance of strategy and speed is best for a bilger.
An approximation of the bilge scoring system has been compiled by players.
Tips and tricks
Not everyone puzzles the same way.
Players can increase their chances of scoring an incredible on the duty report after the first league by trying to create a double on the first move, and by looking for efficient combos after that. Players could also attempt to make a bingo within the first few moves. The efficiency of the opening moves is very important to scoring well in the first league.
As the size of the combo made increases, more and more moves can be made while still scoring well. Strategy also changes greatly as a player's standing increases. At the higher levels of bilge, there is more leeway to make extra moves to go for larger combos. At lower levels, players ought to be even more efficient and generally aim for smaller combos.
Generally a break of 3 is worth slightly less than 1 move (and should mainly be used for intermediate breaks), while a break of 4 or 5 is worth between 1-2 moves. A 3x3 double is worth about 3 moves. At high levels, a bingo is worth about 8 moves. Thus, as the size of the break goes up, the bonus received increases quite a bit. Because the puzzle allows some leeway for timing, several seconds can be spent between each move to ensure that it is the best possible move to make.
There is a general consensus among high ranking bilgers that extending a combo leads to a net loss of efficiency. For example, a 3x3 will not produce a gain if an extra turn is spent to make a 3x4. The gain in efficiency may be a half to a third of a move, but that is still a loss. Increasing a 3x3 to a bingo however is worth an additional 5 moves (8-3 moves). This is why the higher rank techniques are heavily focused on making bingo's and bigger combos.
When the water level is higher, crabs become a much more effective scoring tool. When the water level reaches the top (although the highest three rows will always remain dry), simply clearing crabs will score extremely well. Clearing two crabs in the same move (not consecutively which doesn't have a score multiplier) at full water scores somewhere between a bingo and a sea donkey. Efficiency is still necessary, but a few well-placed crab clears can easily lead to an incredible.
Blockade bilging
Blockade bilging is a variation of bilging played by puzzlers during a blockade, flotilla, or a Sea Monster Hunt. Some bilge pieces will have one of the following 8 bonus shapes added to the piece. Each shape corresponds with a particular token which the ship can use to perform a special maneuver. The bonus shape moves with and is destroyed with the bilge piece. If, at any time, the bonus pieces for the two halves (top and bottom) of a circle, diamond, plus, or ex are together, the bonus pieces (but not the bilge piece underneath) are removed and the puzzler contributes to filling the meter for that maneuver. On a sloop, it requires three bonus pieces to fill the meter.
It should be noted that tokens in bilge tend to spawn in waves. The pieces will all come up with the bottom halves of one token quite often, not giving any top pieces. One technique for tokening is leaving one or two of these halves on the side while continuing to work with the rest of the board waiting for the other half to spawn.
The primary problem with bilge tokens is that they are difficult to make them without a direct loss of efficiency from moves used solely to connect tokens. Add in the fact that low score slows or stops token appearance at all, and the issue becomes clear. If aiming for a specific token, the same saving technique mentioned above works well, but sometimes it is worth sacrificing the half piece in order to increase efficiency (in a bingo say). As long as efficiency is maintained, more token pieces will be generated and give other chances for creating the desired token.
Bonus shapes
Bilge bonus shapes.png
Ultimate list
Cerulean Emerald Ice
Jade Meridian Opal
Spoiler warning: Details about trophies


text:
Application Deadline: 30 April 2016
The Centre of African Studies offers 3 MSc scholarships to African residents as part of the Governance for Development in Africa Initiative funded by the Mo Ibrahim Foundation.
- Domicile/Residency: Applicants must be domiciled (or permanent residents) in an African country. Preference will be given to scholarship candidates living in Sub‐Saharan Africa.
- Eligible Programmes: MSc (Full‐time) undertaken by scholarship applicants must directly address or be applicable to the issue of Governance in Africa.
- Assessment: Scholarship candidates will be assessed based on their academic merit and references. SOAS is committed to accepting only those scholarship candidates who can demonstrate an ability to complete a MSc in one year.
- You should print out the Application Form, sign and scan it and email this along withCV and Supporting Statement in a single email to:
Ms Angelica Baschiera at [email protected]
- Email applications are preferable, but if you are unable to send your application by email,please post it to:
Once the place is secured, the applicants can apply for the scholarship. Candidates will be assessed on academic merit by a panel consisting of SOAS academic members. The assessment of your application will be based on the information in your scholarship application. Selectors will be looking at the following:
- academic achievement and evidence of critical analytical capabilities;
- supporting statement;
- evidence of interest in and knowledge of linkages between governance and development
FOR MORE INFORMATION:


7. Dolmen de la Pallera
Discovery: It was discovered on 5th June 1985. It is named by the members of Geseart.
Location and environment: Located on a plateau, on the high part of la Vall creek. It is located on a dominant zone. Bush is the current vegetation. It was a vineyard cultivation zone. When the dolmen was built, it was most likely a holly oak woods and bushes zone.
Appearance: It is a passage tomb with a long trapezoid chamber and a narrow corridor. Built in gneiss. No cover has been preserved. There are some tumulus remains, which surely have been 7 m diameter.


text: ||Isolated hand sign language recognition from video is a challenging research area in computer vision. Some of the most important challenges in this area include dealing with hand occlusion, fast hand movement, illumination changes, or background complexity. While most of the state-of-the-art results in the field have been achieved using deep learning-based models, the previous challenges are not completely solved. In this paper, we propose a hand pose aware model for isolated hand sign language recognition using deep learning approaches from two input modalities, RGB and depth videos. Four spatial feature types: pixel-level, flow, deep hand, and hand pose features, fused from both visual modalities, are input to LSTM for temporal sign recognition. While we use Optical Flow (OF) for flow information in RGB video inputs, Scene Flow (SF) is used for depth video inputs. By including hand pose features, we show a consistent performance improvement of the sign language recognition model. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that this discriminant spatiotemporal features, benefiting from the hand pose estimation features and multi-modal inputs, are fused for isolated hand sign language recognition. We perform a step-by-step analysis of the impact in terms of recognition performance of the hand pose features, different combinations of the spatial features, and different recurrent models, especially LSTM and GRU. Results on four public datasets confirm that the proposed model outperforms the current state-of-the-art models on Montalbano II, MSR Daily Activity 3D, and CAD-60 datasets with a relative accuracy improvement of 1.64%, 6.5%, and 7.6%. Furthermore, our model obtains a competitive results on isoGD dataset with only 0.22% margin lower than the current state-of-the-art model.


Experimental Lighting
 A continuous light such as a torch or candle can be mixed with flash light to create a composite negative with two exposures. How to get this effect: 1. Set the camera to multiple exposure. 2. Use the camera on a tripod with a cable release. 3. Meter for the flash light (or overhead/daylight in the case of the Picasso or Dance Hall images) and make the 1st exposure. 4. Then in a darkened space where the torch is the only light source use a long exposure to record the movement of the torch (this could be about 20 seconds for example). 5. The torch Read more
Combining Flash and Continuous Light
 Fill-in flash uses a combination of flash and daylight to make an exposure. It is useful in strong daylight to fill in shadows formed by existing light. The effect is natural rather than harsh. PDF: Combining Flash and Continuous Light