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Tesem couple.png
A drawing of two Tesems
Other names tsm
Country of origin Egypt
Patronage Egypt
Classification / standards
Dog (Canis lupus familiaris)
Tesem (Dog tsm.png = tsm) was the Ancient Egyptian name for "hunting dog". In popular literature it denotes the prick-eared, leggy dog with a curled tail from the early Egyptian age, but it was also used with reference to the lop-eared "saluki/sloughi" type;,[1] it was one of several types of dogs in Ancient Egypt, particularly the latter type had an appearance most similar to that of a greyhound..
Examples of three different types of dogs shown on Egyptian monuments
Three main types of dogs are shown in Ancient Egypt, these being the pariah dog, the greyhound-like dog and a molosser-type dog.[2] It is assumed that there were two types of greyhound-like breeds, these being the older Tesem [3] and the saluki/sloughi type.[4] The two greyhound-types were clearly distinguished in tomb decorations,[5] with the Tesem thought to be similar to modern pariah dogs.[6] One writer believed that the name Tesem applied to both types of greyhound-like dogs.[1]
The prick-eared Tesem's origins are presumed to be from further south than Egypt, from Nubia and also the Land of Punt,[7] whose location is unclear but thought to be to the south east of Egypt on the Horn of Africa.[8]
A drawing of a Tesem type dog appears in Nagada, dated from the Protodynastic Period of Egypt (dated 3200 BC to 3000 BC). The dogs were drawn with upright ears and a tightly curled tail.[9] One of the earliest known recordings of these dogs is the "Khufu dog" from the tomb of King Khufu,[10] who reigned between 2609–2584 BC.[11] This dog was named Akbaru, and was depicted wearing a collar.[10]
They continued to appear during the Middle Kingdom period (2055 BC and 1650 BC), but by the time of the New Kingdom (1550 BC - 1069 BC), they were replaced by dogs with hanging ears and a straight tail.[9] These dogs were of the saluki/sloughi type.[12]
The Pharaoh Hound of Malta and the Cirneco dell'Etna of Sicily were both popularly and controversially thought to be possible descendants of the Tesem.[13] [14]
Ancient Egyptians gave the name Tesem to the early curly tailed dogs that resembled a sighthound.[15] These dogs were featured on monuments,[15] and in wall paintings that showed their lean body with noticeable prick ears.[7] They had a greyish-yellow coat, with long legs and a broad prominent forehead. Their size exceeded the Pariah dogs of the time. The structure of their skeleton was closer to the modern terrier than that of the modern greyhound.[16]
See also[edit]
 1. ^ a b Brixhe, Jean. 1996 Lévriers, chiens de chasse, de travail et de compagnie dans l'Egypte ancienne. University of Liege
 2. ^ "The manners and customs of the ancient Egyptians". Archive.org. Retrieved 2012-10-24.
 3. ^ "Life in ancient Egypt". Archive.org. Retrieved 2012-10-24.
 5. ^ Goldwasser (2002): p. 106
 6. ^ Goldwasser (2002): p. 93
 7. ^ a b The Origins and Development of African Livestock: Archaeology, Genetics, Linguistics and Ethnography (Blench, Roger; MacDonald, Kevin ed.). Routledge. 1999. p. 317. ISBN 978-1-84142-018-9.
 8. ^ Najovits, Simson (2004). Egypt, the Trunk of the Tree. Algora Publishing. p. 258. ISBN 978-0-87586-256-9.
 9. ^ a b Bard, Kathryn A. (1999). Encyclopedia of the Archaeology of Ancient Egypt. Routledge. p. 359. ISBN 978-0-415-18589-9.
 10. ^ a b Cunliffe, Juliette (1999). The Encyclopedia of Dog Breeds. Bath: Paragon. p. 70. ISBN 0-7525-8018-3.
 11. ^ Hamblin, William J. (2006). Warfare in the Ancient Near East to 1600 BC. Routledge. p. 331. ISBN 978-0-415-25589-9.
 12. ^ Goldwasser, Orly (2002). Prophets, Lovers and Giraffes. Harrassowitz Verlag. p. 93. ISBN 978-3-447-04590-2.
 13. ^ Mormino, Vincenzo. "The Sicilian Hound". Best of Sicily Magazine. Retrieved 11 February 2011.
 14. ^ Petr Fismol. "Pharaoh hound - el Negma kennel". Elnegma.com. Retrieved 2012-10-24.
 15. ^ a b Naville, Edouard (1914). The Cemeteries of Abydos. Part 1. _PHONE_. London: Egypt Exploration Fund. p. 40.
 16. ^ Lydekker, R (1916). Wild Life of the World III. London: Frederick Warne and Co. p. 19.
Goldwasser, Orly (2002). Prophets, Lovers and Giraffes. Harrassowitz Verlag. ISBN 978-3-447-04590-2.


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| Digital Image Index | Digital Library Home |
Gail Ruhl, Plant Disease Diagnostician
Each year we receive phone calls and samples inquiring about cupping and curling of tulip poplar leaves on well-established trees. Similar symptoms are absent on neighboring trees and shrubs. This foliar symptom is most often attributed to root stress brought on by a variety of noninfectious, environmental and site related factors. Damage to tree roots from moisture and temperature extremes, construction, grade changes, underground pipe work, compaction (as when a tree is near a driveway), establishment of flower beds in the root zone, or poor soil conditions all contribute to cupping of foliage. Damage to cambial tissue from temperature extremes, as well as stress brought on by hot, dry winds may also contribute to leaf cupping and curling. It may be possible to diagnose the causal factor(s) through the process of elimination and begin corrective treatment. Make sure the tree receives at least one inch of water per week, and fertilize according to the instructions given in the bulletin HO-140, Fertilizing Woody Plants (PDF 60K).
Be aware that although no other plants in the vicinity of the tulip poplar trees may be observed to exhibit similar foliar symptoms it is important not to automatically rule out growth regulator-type herbicides. If the neighboring vegetation consists of plants that are less sensitive to growth regulator-type herbicides than tulip poplar, leaves on those other plants may not exhibit the cupping symptoms. Another possible causal factor of leaf cupping might be aphid feeding. Upon close inspection of the underside of symptomatic leaves, if cupping is due to aphid feeding, the aphids or cast skins should be visible.
Plant and Pest Digital Library and Digitally Assisted Diagnosis, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Why Do Guinea Pigs Squeal? Find Out Now!
Guinea pigs are very sociable animals, and because of this, they have evolved to produce a series of vocalizations they use to communicate with other individuals of their species.
Why Do Guinea Pigs Squeal? Find Out Now!
Last update: 30 December, 2020
Guinea pigs are called "Cuys" in some countries of South America. This name has an onomatopoeic origin and it refers to the vocalizations that these rodents emit regularly, in both domestic and wild environments. In this article, we pose the following question: Why do guinea pigs squeal? If you want the answer, we encourage you to read on.
Communication in the animal world is a fascinating evolutionary process, and, for this reason, various ethological researchers are trying to decipher the meaning of language in the different species in the animal kingdom.
About guinea pigs
Before entering fully into the world of guinea pig communication, we need to define the species in question. Surprising as it may seem, the guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) is a species of hybrid rodent belonging to the family Caviidae. These curious pets are the result of the crossing of diverse species of the Cavia genus, such as Cavia aparea or Cavia magna.
Some of the differential characteristics of these small mammals are the following:
 - They come from the Andean region of South America
 - They weigh about 2 lbs and live between five and eight years
 - Guinea pigs are herbivorous animals and require a continuous supply of fiber and vitamin C to enjoy good health
 - This species has different morphotypes, which differ by the color arrangement and nature of their coat.
 - They're affable, calm rodents, and live in social groups.
It's this last characteristic that gives us the first clue as to why guinea pigs squeal. If an animal lives in a society, it has to have some way of communicating with its relatives, right?
Three guinea pigs posing.
So, why do guinea pigs squeal?
As simple as the question may seem, several ethological studies have designed experimental models to discover the reason for these vocalizations. This task is certainly not a simple one. Besides the existence of variations at an individual level, the squeals seem to have a different meaning according to the age of the guinea pig.
The guinea pig is especially multifaceted since, according to this research, it's capable of emitting up to 11 different tonalities. Some of them respond to the following situations:
 - Guinea pigs (especially the youngest ones) emit more audible sounds when they are in a new environment. This coincides with cortisol level increases in their bodies, a stress-related hormone.
 - When separated from their mothers, the guinea pigs emit calls out of loneliness, which are accompanied by an increase in the animal's movements and general agitation. Once the little ones return to their parents, the mothers emit a series of purrs to calm their offspring.
However, not everything is linked to the relationship between mothers and their children, since many other vocalizations are related to other processes. Up next, we'll be mentioning some examples.
A sound for every situation
Several studies have researched when, how, and why different vocalizations occur in various situations. These are some of the results:
 - The chortle is the most common vocalization among guinea pigs. It seems to be present in all kinds of situations, whether they're social or not. The emission of these preliminary sounds is very present when two individuals meet and try to identify each other. In addition, these sounds are later substituted by other noises more appropriate to the situation.
 - The moaning sounds they make are produced, in general, when a situation causes discomfort in the animal. For example, when a non-receptive female is approached by a reproductive male.
 - The squeaking sound is produced when the guinea pig experiences some type of physical pain.
There are many more sounds and noises emitted by guinea pigs, but one idea is clear: guinea pigs squeal to communicate with each other. Each tone has a specific function, and, from an evolutionary point of view, it's much more effective to warn others of a negative interaction with a sound than with a physical activity that requires more energy.
A close-up of a brown guinea pig.
A matter of sociability
As we've seen, social animals such as guinea pigs have developed complex linguistic mechanisms to communicate different feelings and emotions. This is beneficial for all members of the group since they can detect danger more quickly and avoid unnecessary fights among themselves.
In the animal world, everything has a biological response. Therefore, if you have a guinea pig at home, we encourage you to try to understand in what situations and with what frequency it produces these noises. After all, it may be trying to convey a message, such as continuous stress or feeling of loneliness.
It might interest you...
Differences between Gerbils and Guinea Pigs
My AnimalsRead it in My Animals
Differences between Gerbils and Guinea Pigs
Gerbils and Guinea pigs are great pets. In fact, they've secured a spot in the hearts of many families throughout many generations.
 - Arch-Tirado, E., & Collado-Corona, M. A. (2002). Análisis de vocalizaciones en periodos de soledad en cobayos recién nacidos, como normo-oyentes y con sordera provocada. Cirugia y Cirujanos70(6), 442-448.
 - Cavia, wikipedia. Recogido a 28 de julio en _URL_
 - Verduzco-Mendoza, A., Alfaro-Rodríguez, A., & Arch-Tirado, E. (2012). Etología y bioacústica en ratas y cobayos. Revista Mexicana de Comunicación, Audiología, Otoneurología y Foniatría1(1), 7-12.
 - Berryman, J. C. (1976). Guinea‐pig vocalizations: Their structure, causation and function. Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie41(1), 80-106.


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December 7, 2022
SC LAMP is a co-sponsored ministry of the Society of the Holy Child Jesus
Diana Pinto – Executive Director, South Central Los Angeles Ministry Project (SC LAMP)
Did you know that children of color living in low-income households are less likely to be diagnosed with developmental delays at an early age? Why is this important? Studies show that the sooner a child gets an assessment, the more likely s/he will be able to succeed in life. Early intervention services can have an enormous impact on a young child's ability to learn and grow.
This reality is why South Central LAMP's two-generation approach is huge for families in our community. Each child in our program receives an assessment completed by his/her teacher, allowing on-site professionals to observe if the child is developing within a "normal" range and reaching their developmental milestones. When we see a child not falling within the "normal" range, we can provide referrals and resources to specialized agencies for added support to the family.
Because we approach this matter holistically, our parenting classes include workshops on what "normal" development looks like. The class provides parents with a safe space to reflect on their children, ask questions, and better understand their children's developmental stages. Often these classes are where moms start to seek support or learn to be more open to referrals because the discussions allow them to see other moms dealing with challenges as well.
South Central LAMP families have a "village" to help them navigate the complexities of developmental diagnoses. The support we provide has empowered many parents to make better medical decisions for their children and learn how to best support them.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Jiu-Jitsu: Turning Anger into Confidence
On September 4th, 2019, The First Guild (TFG) co-founder, Lana David interviewed a 30-year Jiu-Jitsu black belt and master instructor Gerson Sanginitto, owner of Gerson Sanginitto Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu Academy in Culver City, CA.
Gerson Sanginitto Brazilian Jiu Jitsu Academy in Culver City - Black Belt Ceremony - Gerson is in the center of the group in blue uniform.
Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu (BJJ) is one of the fastest growing martial arts in the world. The benefits you can gain from BJJ are both physical and mental.
Lana is the one of the developers of Project: The First Guild (TFG), a large scale community project targeted to help young people with difficulty in the traditional educational system, to acquire the mental, emotional and entrepreneurial skills necessary to make a successful transition from youth to adulthood.
Project: TFG aims to reach youth coping with a good deal of anger, frustration, confusion and anxiety – a range of behaviors that need to be addressed beyond just verbal communication.
Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu is a proven system that can help to detox and re-channel such energy constructively.
BJJ is a major educational component of Project: TFG and we are honored to have Gerson as our Community Partner.
Gerson Sanginitto Brazilian Jiu Jitsu Academy in Culver City
Lana: Our program candidates are foster youth coping with a good deal of anger, frustration, confusion and anxiety often caused by distressing life circumstances. How can Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu help them go beyond the trauma and succeed in life? Could you provide examples.
Gerson: Here is a good example. I am 5 feet 2 inches tall. I was always the smallest in my school. If you are small, if you are the skinny one, usually someone is going to bully you, that's how it goes.
Nothing changed from my time. My daughter is now 11. She's just going to middle school and I told her, hey, it's the same when I was 11. She started to train in BJJ when she was four, I was lucky to start when I was seven years old.
Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu was created not to make the strong, stronger, it was was created to give the opportunity to the weak person fight a strong person.
Gerson Sanginitto Brazilian Jiu Jitsu Academy in Culver City - Gerson's Students
Lana: Project TFG is all about building a strong identity, which we believe is the foundation for success in life. How does BJJ relate to identity formation?
Gerson: It translates completely to identity. People come here and they cannot look me in my eyes. And you can see that their self esteem is very low because life is put them down somehow.
I was just talking to one of my students who is a higher belt here. I remember him one year ago. He changed completely. You see how he's acting now – he stands up, he looks into your eyes, he talks to you like a man, he demands respect, he gives respect. He's not like that guy that he was a year ago who could not look into my eyes and looked to the side when I ask him a question.
Gerson Sanginitto Brazilian Jiu Jitsu Academy in Culver City - Gerson is in the center of the group in blue shorts.
Lana: What is the advantage of Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu over other forms of martial arts?
Gerson: In my opinion, Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu is the closest martial art to reality. I'm not talking less about other martial arts such as strike martial arts. To me this is one of the most important points of BJJ, it is the closest to reality than other martial arts.
BJJ fighting is closest to the street situation. It's going to be completely the same if someone attacks you on the street. You are not going to feel overwhelmed.That's what we do here every day. You defend yourself every day, fighting every single day.
There are situations with Jiu Jitsu that you feel completely uncomfortable. You cannot breathe well and there is someone bigger is stronger than you on top, trying to suffocate you and make you tap** by a choke hold or joint lock and you still find the strength to survive and get out there. That goes to each day of your life. It's not just the physical aspect. Most important is the mental aspect, that makes you stronger. (** to "tap" is to demonstrate submission and terminate the sparring session).
Video taken on 4/28/18: Gerson Sanginitto Brazilian Jiu Jitsu Academy in Culver City – Tarjei Hass (in white uniform ) will assist Gerson in training students of "project: The First Guild" Read our blog post: "Interview with Tarjei Hass: Why Jiu-Jitsu?"
Lana: I read that BJJ discourages an athlete from attacking an unaware or unprepared person. What is the philosophy behind this?
Gerson: If I tell you to go to that bag every single day and punch it 500 times as hard as you can – first day, first week, first month. you're not going to punch 500 times. After a year you are going to punch that bag 500 times very strong. If something happens and you need to defend yourself, the first thing you're going to do is to punch the person in the face. If I don't teach you anything and you have the anger in you and someone comes and attacks you first, you're gonna try to kick and punch the person.
In Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu we teach you how to defend yourself without harm to the other person, stop that person, control that person. Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu teaches you being in control without anger. Fear makes you do a lot of bad things, but when you don't have that fear inside of you, when you know that you can just defend yourself from someone, you're not going to hurt a person…. unless you have to.
So when you don't have that fear inside of you, when your confidence is up, the fear goes down… the complete opposite direction.
Gerson Sanginitto Brazilian Jiu Jitsu Academy in Culver City - Gerson's Students training
Lana: I read that Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu athletes are strictly discouraged from using techniques that aim at injuring the opponent. Athletes are responsible for the safety of their opponent. Could you comment on this.
Gerson: Exactly. Because we need each other. We become a family and not just here. If you're trained in Jiu Jitsu, you're gonna be well received at any place on this planet.
Also there is the philosophy of the martial arts – we teach respect and good values in general. Respect each other, respect yourself.
I keep joking with my students, but I'm serious: "Jiu Jitsu is like life. Some days you lose, some days you win. You have to know how to lose. You lose and win with grace. You know, everyone wants to win. What you have to do is to prepare to be the winner, that's the thing."
And not just that. We teach dedication, we teach discipline, we teach hierarchy. We have the rank of 5 belts: white, blue, purple, brown, and black. You start with a white belt moving to blue. So why to move to everybody. Blue moves to purple, brown, and black. Purple moves to brown, and black. And that's how you start to understand hierarchy and respect for a higher rank, somebody who's been doing this for much longer than you.
I've been training my whole life since I was seven years old. Next month I'll be 54 and I'm feeling like I'm 34 I'm not kidding. You see my fingers were all broken and I have a pride of this because that shows my work. I don't just sell JJ to those guys. I sell a lifestyle. This is a lifestyle.
Gerson BJJ
Lana: Could you elaborate on what you mean by "Lifestyle" and give examples. Also how quickly can someone get results in Jiu-Jitsu?
Gerson: A young guy about 40 years old who is a CEO of a company just signed with me three weeks ago. This guy told me when he came: "look, I need something because I'm going crazy with work. I heard a lot about Jiu-Jitsu, I have friends who talk a lot about JJ with me. So finally I decided to try."
I said: "We offer two free classes. Try and see if you're like it."
Last Monday, he came after the roll* to me and said: "man, thank you very much! It's only been three weeks, but it's already changed my life." (* "roll" or "rolling" is a form of 'sparring', a way for students to test their skills and abilities against their teammates).
I said: "Yeah man, you are only 40. In 10 years or less, you're going to be a black belt. And it is a journey that will never stop. This journey for me will stop when I die."
And you know, it's very powerful because it gives you power. And this why you don't need to prove or show your power. It is the way you feel.
Here is another example: One day came here a big guy, maybe six-foot


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Gran's Plotting for End Point Detection
©David L. Zellmer, Ph.D.
Gran's plotting is a method of end point detection that uses a linear decrease in the millimoles of chloride in the region well before the end point of the titration curve (Frontside Gran's). If the correct region is found, extrapolation to zero millimoles of chloride will intersect the volume axis at the end point. In the region following the end point, a similar linear plot of silver increase can also be extrapolated to the end point (Backside Gran's). The linearizing functions are based on the Nernst equation E=E1+S logC, where C is the molar concentration of the ion measured. S is the slope of the electrode used, typically +or- 59.2 mV for a univalent ion at 25o C. Solving for C and multiplying by the volume to get millimoles the functions become:
Vo is the initial volume of the solution in the titrated beaker. Vml is the volume added from the buret. E is the potential in millivolts. E1 is the first potential used in the Frontside Gran's Plot. A second value of E1 is used for the Backside plot. In the Backside case we choose the last value plotted. (I know this is confusing. Check out the Example below.) The Scale Factor in the Backside Gran's function is chosen to provide values that graph on the same chart as the Frontside values. The sign for the electrode slope S is reversed in the Backside equation. these differences between Front and Back arise from the fact that we first plot the decrease of the millimoles of Clon the Frontside, then we plot the increase in the millimoles of Ag+ on the backside. The concentrations of silver ion and chloride ion are inversely related through the Ksp expression.
This will all make a lot more sense when you actually try this on a spreadsheet.
To work up the data we have to:
A portion of the E vs. Volume data is shown on this part of the spreadsheet. The Gran's regions are chosen from the parts of the curve that lie on either side of the end point. Don't approach too closely to the end point or the Gran's function will go non-linear. You can check this by plotting the Gran's function vs. volume and checking it for linearity. A common error that students make is to compute the Gran's function for the entire curve, and then wonder why they can't fit a straight line through it.
The formula for the first cell in the Gran's function is shown in the graphic above.
When I first used this function I found that my values went UP as I approached the end point, rather than going down as they should. I fixed this by using a negative value for S, the slope of the electrode response. E1 Frontside is chosen as the first potential used in the Gran's function.
The E1 value for this Backside plot is chosen from cell B39, the last E used in the function. When both functions were plotted on the same graph, the Backside plot was somewhat higher on the graph, so the Scale Factor was adjusted until both plots were about the same size on the graph. (Remember, first plot the Frontside Gran's vs. Volume, then use Paste Special... to paste the Backside series on top of the existing Frontside series.)
The data look linear, so we will proceed with the Linear Least Squares analysis. See the LLS tutorials elsewhere for details on how to do this. In this example:
The values for the Backside column are analogous.
The potentials plotted in this example contain small amounts of potential measurement error common to real analyses. The volume intercepts are near the ideal value of 30.00 mL, but not exactly equal to it. The Frontside value is 30.08 mL and the Backside value is 30.11 mL. Dividing the standard deviation about regression (STEYX()) by the slope gives us an estimate of the volume standard deviation, about +or- 0.28 mL for these plots. The data you use from the lab may contain a lot more error than this, giving rise to some pretty strange looking plots. It is common that the Gran's method fails on one side or the other of the end point.
By the way, a common student error is to place the end point where the Frontside and Backside plots cross each other. This is not correct. Each graph is a separate estimate of the end point, and uses the point where the plot crosses the volume axis.
The lines in the plot shown were created using the Trendline... command in Excel 5.0. Options allow you to select the kind of line used, and how far past the data the line extends so the volume axis can be crossed.
David L. Zellmer, Ph.D.This page was last updated on 3 March 1997
Department of Chemistry
California State University, Fresno


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Call Process Review
Following a decision by the 2015 General Convention of Synod (Resolution 151209), the then General Church Council commissioned an investigation into the LCA call process in order to hear from congregations about their views and expectations of the process and to identify ways the system could be improved.
The review made a number of recommendations. Overall it found that the system itself does not require significant structural change. However, it did identify that there is frustration about the system and a process that can be disheartening for some calling bodies. As a result, the review also identified scope for improvement in the efficiency and transparency of the process.
The General Church Board has received the report, considered its recommendations and approved a series of actions to implement them. These actions were developed in consultation with the College of Bishops. Some of them are already under development; for example, Church Worker Support is working on a framework for annual vocational reviews of pastors. Others will be developed and rolled out through this synodical period and beyond.
The focus of the actions is to support both calling bodies and pastors to:
- improve trust in the call process
- increase the chances of a good calling body/pastor fit
- improve the understanding of how the call process works, and
- ensure greater professionalism, and overall efficiency and transparency in the system.
These actions can be implemented through policy, operational processes and provision of resources to support all participants in the call system.
Click on the button below to read General Church Board's response to the recommendations of the review report.


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GetNodeByPoint — Finds the node-id of a node at a point location.
integer GetNodeByPoint(varchar atopology, geometry apoint, float8 tol1
Retrieves the id of a node at a point location.
The function returns an integer (id-node) given a topology, a POINT and a tolerance. If tolerance = 0 means exact intersection, otherwise retrieves the node from an interval.
apoint doesn't intersect a node, returns 0 (zero).
If use tolerance > 0 and there is more than one node near the point then an exception is thrown.
If tolerance = 0, the function uses ST_Intersects otherwise uses ST_DWithin.
Performed by the GEOS module.
These examples use edges we created in AddEdge
SELECT topology.GetNodeByPoint('ma_topo',geom, 1) As nearnode FROM ST_GeomFromEWKT('SRID=26986;POINT(227591.9 893900.4)') As geom; nearnode ---------- 2
SELECT topology.GetNodeByPoint('ma_topo',geom, 1000) As too_much_tolerance FROM ST_GeomFromEWKT('SRID=26986;POINT(227591.9 893900.4)') As geom; ----get error-- ERROR: Two or more nodes found


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A post from our American wine blogger Jeremy Parzen, author of DoBianchi.com.
The "numerous synonyms" of Negroamaro, write the editors of Jancis Robinson's excellent Wine Grapes (New York, HarperCollins, 2012), "suggest that Negroamaro is an old and historically widespread variety. Its etymology and origin are disputed: some authors suggest a simple etymology from negro ('black') and amaro ('bitter'), while others supposed a Greek etymology and origin from mavro ('black'), despite the redundancy of 'black black', referring to the historical links between Puglia and Greece. Since Negroamaro's DNA shows no relation to modern Greek varieties, the 'black-bitter hypothesis' seems more logical. In addition, a variety named Negro Dolce ('black sweet') is documented in Salento in the nineteenth century, probably to distinguish it from the better amaro one."
As a philologist, I might tweak their speculation that the "black-bitter hypothesis' seems more logical." After all, etymology is rarely logical however plausible. In other words, word origins seldom align as neatly as the human mind and heart would like.
Continue reading Negroamaro: origin of the grape name


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To unextend your IIS hierarchy from a system:
- From the LifeKeeper GUI menu, select Edit then Resource. From the drop down menu, select Unextend Resource Hierarchy.
- Select the Target Server where you want to unextend the IIS resource. It cannot be the server where the IIS resource is currently in service.
Note: The dialog to select the target server will not appear if you selected the Unextend task by right-clicking from the right pane on an individual resource instance.
- Click Next to proceed to the next dialog box.
- Select the IIS resource hierarchy to unextend. Click Next to proceed to the next dialog box.
Note: This dialog will not appear if you selected the Unextend task by right-clicking on a global resource in the left pane or an individual resource instance in the right pane.
- An information box appears confirming the target server and the IIS resource hierarchy you have chosen to unextend. Click Unextend.
- Another information box appears confirming that the IIS resource was unextended successfully. Click Done to exit.


text: The present work introduces an extended particulate filter model focusing on capabilities to cover catalytic and surface storage reactions and to serve as a virtual multi-functional reactor/separator. The model can be classified as a transient, non-isothermal 1D+1D two-channel model. The applied modeling framework offers the required modeling depth to investigate arbitrary catalytic reaction schemes and it follows the computational requirement of running in real-time. The trade-off between model complexity and computational speed is scalable. The model is validated with the help of an analytically solved reference and the model parametrization is demonstrated by simulating experimentally given temperatures of a heat-up measurement. The detailed 1D+1D model is demonstrated in a concept study comparing the impact of different spatial washcoat distributions. The generic model is further used to describe a diesel particulate filter coated with functionalities for selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxide emissions (SDPF). This dedicated model, as a part of a full diesel exhaust line, is combined with a passenger car vehicle and thermodynamic engine model. The whole system model is assessed in office PC simulation regarding result plausibility and computational performance during the New European Drive Cycle and a randomly assembled drive cycle. The real-time capability of the full model is demonstrated by running it on the NI VeriStand real-time simulation environment. The presented type of system model contributes to answer upcoming questions in the context of real driving emissions (RDE) by means of simulation.


Measuring Client Performance with Endpoint Analytics
We've all heard reports from end-users that their device is too slow or takes too long to do something. Reports from users, however, can be subjective, so how can we certify the results and get tangible metrics to support the claims? With Microsoft Intune and Endpoint Analytics is how.
Whether it be a laptop that takes so long to boot you can make a coffee and drink it or whether it's a logon process that is so slow it's time for the user to take their next break already, we've all seen and heard of performance issues before. As IT or as someone making financial decisions about hardware purchases for end-users, knowing that what you have or what you buy is good is important and for that you need data and we can use Endpoint Analytics in Microsoft Intune exactly for this purpose.
What is Endpoint Analytics?
Simply put, Endpoint Analytics is a feature we can enable in Microsoft Intune to collect data from client systems registered with Microsoft Intune running Windows 10 to understand how they behave and perform.
Once enabled, we can see how devices perform against performance baselines and you can either use the baseline recommended by Microsoft or specify your own.
What information does Endpoint Analytics provide?
Endpoint Analytics in Microsoft Intune provides information about boot time, sign-in and logon times. The information is broken down into how long each portion of the start-up was attributed to the device vs. time attributed to Group Policy processing for Hybrid Azure AD Joined devices allowing you to see the impact of your Active Directory Domain Services Group Policy Objects.
With data collected by Endpoint Analytics, we can see how devices perform across various metrics and report it per device type or even for individual devices.
With the information collected, Endpoint Analytics allows you to display it overall for your whole organisation, per-device model, or per individual device. With these breakdowns, you can see whether a specific device model has a performance issue to address or whether it is only impacting specific users and devices so you can work on targeted fixes and remediation.
When it comes to remediation and fixing issues, Endpoint Analytics provides information such as which start-up processes are causing delays so that you can look into them and try to fix them.
Proactive remediations provides some pre-defined scripts you can deploy for fixing common issues and the Recommended software section provides you with a summary report of what modern management features are being used such as Cloud identity, Cloud management, and Windows Autopilot.
How do I implement it?
Implementing Endpoint Analytics in Microsoft Intune is as simple as creating and assigning a Device Configuration Profile to enable the feature on devices. Once enabled, you simply wait for device metrics to start coming through.
Get started with Microsoft Intune, Endpoint Analytics, and modern management
If you need to get your devices in shape, manage them better, faster, or more easily. Maybe you've got an on-premises management solution and you want to move to a cloud-based modern management alternative.
Speak to us at Arcible about how we can help you implement Microsoft Intune and to find out more.


How to Pass a Mouth Swab Drug Test – HØJ
How to Pass a Mouth Swab Drug Test
To discover drug use among their workers, the vast majority of employers perform oral swab tests. Mouth swab testing is much easier to pass than a blood or urine test, because substance use will typically not show up in the results more than a few days earlier. In recent years, the saliva test has become a favorite for authorities. Saliva drug tests, due to the modern technologies, offer instant answers with minimally invasive procedures.
Ironically, this mouth swab or saliva test is also job applicants and drug users favorite.. Why do they prefer this method? Simply because mouth swab tests have the nearest window of detection. This means that they are particularly applied to detect immediate or very recent cannabis consumption, while urine tests normally detect use of cannabis prior to the week and hair follicle tests detect consumption over the past 3 months
In addition, this kind of test is increasing in popularity, as smoking or consuming marijuana in any form has expanded into the mainstream. The tests can be performed on-site without the need of a medical professional to perform or supervise the process. Besides, the results can be determined immediately.
Advices found online are useless or even counterproductive, but there are a handful simple ways to improve your chances of passing a mouth swab drug test. Would you know how to undergo a mouth swab and saliva test successfully if an officer pulled you over or your employer approached you at work all of a sudden?
How to Pass a Cotton Swab Test in 24 hours
For those who don't know what this is all about, the drug tests for saliva and urine detect completely different compounds. Urine samples show THC-COOH, a metabolite produced by the body as it metabolizes delta-9 THC, the psychoactive compound that gets you stoned when you inhale or eat it.
On the other hand, swab tests are searching for activated THC, that is, delta-9 THC. In other words, after you hit your vape, do a dab, or just puff on a joint, the test will detect exactly what you would have all over the inside of your mouth. Saliva tests merely focus on the inside of the mouth instead of testing for it in the bloodstream, unlike blood or urine tests. Saliva test supporters claim they have greater precision.
Saliva tests will only gather THC during the last 24 hours in most situations. Otherwise, THC would have already disappeared as the body is able to metabolize it during this amount of time. In some cases, tests may show positive for anywhere around three days and up to a week. Others, on the other hand, mention its ease of passing regardless of usage. Saliva testing is used for roadside drug tests outside of job and school testing, which has raised its own controversy. Although saliva test advocates support their presumed improved accuracy, they offer a much narrower window for testers to screen a subject.
Next, you will find a list of good solutions you probably will think of as enjoyable to pass a mouth swab drug test in less than 24 hours.
Give it a Rest
We barely have time to work with, yet saliva tests should therefore detect freshly consumed THC in the lining of the mouth like it has been noted. Therefore, a positive result it's highly unlikely to show up if you restrain your pot consumption 1 or 2 days before. This way, it won't ruin your opportunity of coming out unscathed.
That's why the safest way to transfer is a nice tolerance break. A 24 hours detox is believed to be enough. It is recommended for those who are not that motivated to abstain from cannabis use for a week or so.
However, everybody is different. This is why you should consider the amount you consume. It might be prudent to go a few extra days until you have no THC in your body if you're an everyday heavy user. The break might not be entirely necessary, but if the test turns positive, who wants to deal with the consequences?
Chewing Gum
To increase your saliva rate, chew a couple of pieces of gum. Chewing on a piece of gum increases the secretion of saliva, which can dilute any substance concentration in it. It is like turning on a natural filter for your saliva
The chemical properties of your oral fluids can also be altered by chewing gum, which can make the mouth swab test less precise. Go for cinnamon or solid citrus flavors if you have options. When you're nervous about surprise swab tests, it wouldn't be a bad idea to bring a pack of gum with you to work on a daily basis.
Sour Candy
While it may seem as an impossible option, sucking a sour candy will help you pass a mouth swab drug test. Several studies have shown that drug use swab tests provide poorer performance right after individuals have sucked citrus candies.
To make your saliva more acidic, suck some sour candy. The more acidic and sugary your saliva gets, the harder it is to detect drugs in it. So, if you have just 5-10 minutes until a compulsory drug swab test takes place, drop in 2 or 3 sour citrus candies in your mouth. To get as much of the acidic citrus flavoring out of the candies as you can, suck them instead of chewing them.
Do this as the last resource you have when you're truly desperate for passing a cotton swab drug test at any cost.
Greasy Food
This next tip is one we know you will enjoy as an option to pass a mouth swab drug test. Get yourself the fattiest food you can buy. Oily, greasy burgers, fries, pizza, hot wings. As long as it is oily, it doesn't matter. Active THC reacts to fatty foods, which is also why all those butters and cannabis oils are available out there. For instance, eating a slice of pizza can help draw the residual THC out of your mouth.
The entire day before the test, adding high-fat foods to your meals helps the THC molecules in your bloodstream and saliva bind easily to fat. Then, it takes the THC with it as the fat is removed from the body, so it is much more difficult to detect your drug use. Therefore, eating high-fat foods as part of every meal for 2 days before the oral swab test will help you flush the THC out of your body.
If you are not fond of the junk food mentioned above, there is no need to worry. You can also find healthy options that are high in fat and will work just as well to get the THC out of your system. Consider eating tuna or salmon, along with avocados, whole eggs, nuts, and cheese, for a healthier choice.
Clean Your Mouth
Drinks will wash the body out of its weed traces if you're going down the path others do with urine tests. Nevertheless, when trying to pass a saliva test, the liquid is used differently. Instead of flushing the body with copious quantities of liquids, you will need to follow a more methodical process.
Gargle for 4–5 hours before the test every 15 minutes. Go into the restroom, take a huge mouthful of water, and gargle for 20-30 seconds. Rinsing with water will dilute the concentration of THC in your saliva and other substances, which will make it somewhat more difficult to detect drug use The impact this will have will be short-lived and limited, but it is one of the simplest steps you can possibly take.
Another good cleaning option is brushing your teeth. To clear lingering old saliva, brush your teeth as much as you resist. This is not a very efficient process, but the amount of THC remaining in your mouth could rapidly decrease. Use a new toothbrush and a trustworthy toothpaste brand, and clean your teeth for a total of 2 minutes. Make sure your tongue and cheeks as well as your teeth are scrubbed. At the end, rinse and spit. Brushing your teeth thoroughly and frequently will not perform miracles, but it will ensure that your mouth does not build up old oral fluids.
Adulterants are compounds that interact with drug testing, and they come out all the time with new and advanced ones. It is a constant where a new adulterant is effective and it beats the test. However, shortly after a new test figures out how the traces of the adulterant can be recognized. If a tester detects the fingerprint of an adulterant, they will invalid the test immediately and make you take it again. Of course, that is one way of buying some time for yourself.
Hydrogen peroxide is the preferred adulterant for mouth swab drug tests. 5 minutes before the exam, rinse your mouth with hydrogen peroxide. Take a gulp of peroxide and swish it around inside your mouth for 30 seconds like you would do with a normal mouthwash like Listerine. Spit it out into the sink afterwards and be cautious not to ingest any of the peroxide unnecessarily. If drunk, it may cause internal damage.
Try rinsing with a mouthwash, which is also an adulterant, in case you do not have hydrogen peroxide at handy. However, avoid using alcohol-based mouthwashes, since they could end up having a false positive result for alcohol abuse.
These are the best options to pass a mouth swab drug test. Always remember to stay calm and trust that your preferred method will work just fine. Times are changing, and hopefully, the day will come when we won't have to hide the great plant that cannabis is.
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text: Fallow-deer _USER_:14:5 (R.V., "Wild goat"); kjvKings:4:23 (R.V., "roebucks"). This animal, called in Hebrew _yahmur_, from a word meaning "to be red," is regarded by some as the common fallow-deer, the Cervus dama, which is said to be found very generally over Western and Southern Asia. It is called "fallow" from its pale-red or yellow colour. Some interpreters, however, regard the name as designating the bubale, Antelope bubale, the "wild cow" of North Africa, which is about the size of a stag, like the hartebeest of South Africa. A species of deer has been found at Mount Carmel which is called _yahmur_ by the Arabs. It is said to be similar to the European roebuck.


client workspaces, merging and forking
From: Alison Macmillan
Date: Fri, 24 Aug 2001 11:09:06 +0100
Message-ID: <_EMAIL_>
To: _EMAIL_
I've been trying to understand how the working resource feature works
with merging and forking, and I've got a few questions:
1. For merging & client workspaces, should the DAV:checked-out-for-merge
merge postcondition cover the case that the DAV:checkout element
included a DAV:apply-to-version? In particular, should it say that a
Location: header must be in the response, and that this header contains
the URL of the working resource created by the checkout?
2. A merge target is a version-controlled resource. Was it unnecessary
to allow a merge target to be either a version-controlled resource or a
checked-out resource (e.g. a working resource)?
3. How does the working resource feature work for a forking server? For
example, suppose that _URL_ and
_URL_ identify two working resources that are
created by requesting a checkout on a version controlled resource,
_URL_ and including a DAV:apply-to-version in
the request. The DAV:checked-in property of the vcr is
_URL_ This is also the value of the
DAV:checked-out property of each of the working resources. Each working
resource has it's DAV:auto-update property set to the vcr URL. Now
suppose that the first working resource (_URL_ is
checked in, creating version _URL_ and
that postcondition DAV:auto-update applies - the DAV:checked-in property
of the vcr is now set to _URL_ Does this
then mean that it is impossible to ever check in the second working
resource, _URL_ as it's DAV:checked-out property
points to _URL_ and precondition
DAV:no-overwrite-by-auto-update prevents the checkin? The
DAV:auto-update property is protected, and so can't be changed by a
4. Looks like there's a typo in draft 16, section 9.4 - the CHECKIN
'forking' preconditions reference DAV:checkout-... conditions.
Alison Macmillan
 The statements and opinions expressed here are my own
 and do not necessarily represent those of Oracle Corporation.
Received on Friday, 24 August 2001 06:10:32 UTC


text:
Moving and Resizing Tiles
When adding an item to a Dashboard, Customer Insights adds the new item to the "end" of the Dashboard, using a size based on both the type of item being added and the amount of space available on the Dashboard. For example, suppose you have a Dashboard that looks like this:
If you add a new Look to that Dashboard, the Dashboard will then look similar to this:
That may or may not be where you wanted the new tile to go, and that may or may not be the size you wanted for the tile. Fortunately, that doesn't matter: Customer Insights makes it easy to move and (or) to resize elements on your Dashboards.
If you click an element on your Dashboard, you'll see several items appear on that element, including a Move handle (the three bars in the upper left corner) and a resizing handle (the solid triangle in the bottom right corner):
If you want to move an element to a new location on the Dashboard, click the Move handle, hold the mouse button down, and then drag the tile to its new location. As soon as you have the tile positioned correctly, release the mouse button, and the Dashboard will rearrange the other elements as needed:
To resize an element, click the resizing handle, hold the mouse button down, and drag the mouse until the tile is the desired size. When you release the mouse button, the tile will change size and the other elements on the Dashboard will automatically be moved to make as much room as is needed:


text:
Billy Biggs
Tue Jun 17 21:50:21 EDT 2003
Alexander Kellett, a KDE developer, was looking for a way to dynamically change the colours in a desktop theme, but still keep the set of colours consistent. Imagine taking a theme where the icons are predominantly blue and changing it to a red-based colour scheme.
My suggestion was to rotate the colours using the hue angle from a perceptual colour space like CIELAB. This keeps the lightness (perceptual brightness) and amount of colour unchanged while rotating the hue.
The following is an example of a colourful image rotated by its hue, and then an example of a set of ten KDE icons. The icons show how each new colour scheme is relatively consistent in appearance, and our transition around the hue axis results in a reasonably even walk around the available colours. Finally, we show a saturated chromaticity diagram rotated by its hue to better show how these colours are mapped.
The source code for performing this rotation has been made available under the MIT license.
For a better idea of where colours get rotated to, click here for some renderings and a visual description of the CIELAB hue circle.


text:
Analysing homa Rituals - Chinese Researcher visits BuddhistRoad Team
The BuddhistRoad team invited the Chinese researcher Hou Haoran from Leipzig University to present his research on the religious aspects of the Tangut Empire in a guest lecture. As visiting researcher he introduced the team and further researchers from CERES to the Buddhist fire offerings (homa), which were widely practiced in Tangut Empire during the 12th to 13th century. This aspect of Tantric practices is described widely in manuscripts in Chinese and Tangut from Karakhoto and Shanzuigou. Several scriptures can be understood as manuals for the homa ritual, while other sources from that era and Buddhist prayers specify the homa offerings that were performed at the Tangut court.
In his overview Hou Haoran also took into account visual materials related to the ritual: Both the Thangka collections from Karakhoto as well as the mural paintings of the caves in Yulin depict homa elements. Another example for the visual expression is a Tangut blockprint, i.e., the Saṃpuṭatantra, that includes a section homavidhi introducing various formulas of homa ritual. Hou Haoran emphasised that the rare text was written in the three languages of Sanskrit, Tibetan, and Tangut. Using an approach from the comparative study, he demonstrated on the basis of this trilingual source how Tangut people interpreted and used Buddhist texts, images, and rituals.


Take the 2-minute tour ×
I have 2 layers, one representing streets, and one representing pipes. The pipe layer has a street field that I want it to be automatically filled (I want the pipe to show the street that it's on) I tried performing a spatial join based on 'closest' but I encountered the following problem: many pipes never intersect the center of the streets they're on (they are usually paralel), and, at the spatial join, those respective pipes don't get the needed data from the street they go along but from the ones that are perpendicular (cause they intersect the pipes, so they have one point that is closest). I would like some advice. Thanks a lot.
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2 Answers
Tudor I've face a similar problem and created a programatic tool that would:
 1. Shorten my street centerline. Here I would take it from.4 to.6 for example (in this case I would consider only the dashes)
 After shortening
 2. I would buffer it for a small ammout, let's say 10% of the original street lenght. Imagine that you are buffering only the dashes in the schematic "drawing above".
 3. Try to intersect it with pipes.
You can repeat 2 and three until you've found a certain number of pipes. The idea for shortening the center line is to eliminate the cases where you other perpendicular lines that you do not want.
Check a less ugly scheme:
enter image description here
Another approach is to just buffer, intersect and compare the angles. You can safely set a threshold of what "parallel" is. You will never have straight and parallel lines in this cases (some will be parallel, but that depends on digitizing). You take only the pipes that have similar angles to your centerline.
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Thanks for the answer, I hoped for a different answer, I will try to do something alike. – tudorbarascu Jul 25 '11 at 4:14
I'll see if I can find some code to help you. This method improves confidence of the results, it's not the most pratical, but it works great on regular grids. The more irregular the street network the less confidence you can have with it. – George Jul 25 '11 at 14:29
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Have you tried using the Near geoprocessing tool?
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Your Answer


PigProgress - Lactating sows and heat stress
Lactating sows and heat stress
Dr Ioannis Mavromichalis
I believe it is now the right time to discuss ways to increase nutrient intake in lactating sows under heat stress. With summer approaching quickly, and a hot summer is predicted to be, changes and adjustments should start now to at least alleviate the negative effects of heat stress on feed intake.
It should be reminded that animals reduce feed intake under heat stress because digestion and metabolism of feed increases the internally produced heat (heat increment in energy metabolism terminology) making thus animals even more uncomfortable. It is also important to realise that heat stress combined with high humidity increases dramatically the level of discomfort compared with hot but dry environments. Below are a number of nutritional interventions to help lactating sows during the summer months.
Increase nutrient density
It is generally assumed that daily nutrient uptake can be maintained during the summer months if nutrient density increases proportionally to the expected reduction in feed intake. For example, if feed intake is expected to drop by 10%, then all nutrients (including vitamins, minerals, and trace minerals) should be increased by 10% to compensate for the reduction in feed intake.
For several nutrients, however, there are manufacturing limits that may restrict the application of this strategy. For example, it is not always practical to add more than 6-8% fat in commercial diets.
Also, the concentration of certain additives cannot be altered due to country-specific regulations. In many cases, the drop of feed intake is so severe that feed density cannot be increased enough to compensate for the loss.
Reduce excess protein
Excess protein is deaminated and excreted in the form of urea. This process generates substantial metabolic heat, and to this end, it is highly recommended to reduce dietary protein concentration by about 2% with the aid of crystalline amino acids. Further reductions in dietary protein are either economically unfeasible or result in diets limiting in valine and isoleucine.
Reduce fiber concentration
Fiber digestion and metabolism generates considerably more heat compared to carbohydrates, with fat and lipids generating the least amount of internal heat. Thus, one of the more common measures to combat heat stress is to reduce dietary fiber by 1-3% (depending on initial concentration). Care should be taken for sows to be supplemented with a strong laxative (usually in the form of a salt) to compensate for the reduction in dietary fibre.
Increase use of fat calories
Following from the above, it appears that fats and oils not only increase dietary density, but they also generate less heat during digestion and metabolism. Therefore, diets high(er) in lipids are almost invariably recommended for combating stress heat. However, it is always imperative to also increase (proportionally) the levels of all amino acids and other nutrients, to avoid unbalancing diets.
Add sodium bicarbonate
Research and practical experience has clearly demonstrated that adding 5-10 kg of sodium bicarbonate per metric tonne of complete feed, improves feed intake in lactating sows.
Pelleted diets
Pelleting diets increases physical density resulting in higher uptake of nutrients at a given volume of feed. Combined with increased nutrient density, these two strategies help markedly in sustaining daily nutrient intake during heat stress.
Extra vitamins
In other monogastric species, additional vitamins, and especially vitamin C have been shown to help animals under heat stress. Such effects are not so well documented with pigs, but they definitely merit further investigation.
Cool water
It has been shown that pigs provided with cool(er) water during periods of heat stress are able to sustain better performance. In addition, pigs offered cool(er) water consumed less water per day compared to control pigs, indicating that cool(er) water enabled pigs to quickly adjust their body temperature in response to heat stress.
 - no-profile-image
 - no-profile-image
 Dr. Justin Tan Yu-Wen
 It is now accepted that heat stress is one of the main factors that causes huge losses in swine production and profits in hot climate regions throughout the world. Heat stress occurs when a physiological strain is placed on the body due to overexertion and overexposure to any combination of excessive environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, radiation and wind-producing conditions that are higher than the animalâ€™s thermo-neutral zone.
 Dr. Mavromichalis is correct to mention that one of the main detrimental effects of heat stress on pigs is a reduction of feed intake, especially sows. Heat stress causes discomfort and negatively affects feed intake, growth and productivity. Economic losses due to heat stress are usually caused by lowered performance, decrease in reproductive function and increase in deaths.
 Natural, phytogenic feed additives such as oregano are now being used to combat the negative effects of heat stress. Orego-Stim is a feed additive containing oregano essential oil, extracted from a specific chemotype of Origanum heracleoticum L. This exquisite hybrid species of oregano is derived from a selective plant-breeding programme developed by the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki and grown commercially under strictly-controlled plantation conditions in the mountainous slopes of Greece.
 Besides its antimicrobial and anti-diarrhoeal properties, Orego-Stim has appetising effects to help increase feed intake of pigs during heat stress periods while simultaneously boosting the immune system to help them cope with the physiological stress of high environmental temperatures.
 To have a look at various trials conducted in sows under conditions of heat stress and how oregano works, do write an e-mail to _EMAIL_.
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 Namusisi Agnes
 Please would you kindly give the actual fomula of what is required in mixing the feeds in summer compared to winter and other seasons.
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 What does the Sodium Bicarbonate do and how does it increase the sows intake of food? What does it do to the milk supply and does it affect the piglets that are feeding from her?
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 Ioannis Mavromichalis
 Heat and Abortions
 Any kind of stress can lead to abortions. I would not exclude heat as the cause of your troubles, but I would be also looking into other factors, especially mycotoxins in the feed.
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 Ioannis Mavromichalis
 I was not aware of the use of oregano in sow diets. Will you please email me details?
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 Ioannis Mavromichalis
 Agnes, due to company policy, I cannot provide formulas. But, I could provide you with what is required to change in the summer formula. Please email me.
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 Ioannis Mavromichalis
 Noni, bicarb is affecting the electrolyte balance in the blood. It does not affect milk production (at least, I don't have any information to such effect). If the sows eat more, they will milk more, so piglets will be heavier at weaning.
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 Excelent post. Congratulation.
 Please, what is your opinion about lysine level for lactating sows, it's change whith more born piglets?? and frecuency and feed bach have changes?? thousandth thanks.
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text:
Although some research shows that positive outcomes occur when workers understand how their pay is determined, little is known about the dynamics of how pay communication affects pay satisfaction. This research proposes that the relationships between pay communication and pay satisfaction exist because justice perceptions mediate them. Pay communication is of particular interest to managers of public sector organizations, where many aspects of the pay system are in the public domain, and without adequate communication, may be easily misunderstood by workers. The purpose of this paper is to discuss these issues.
The study consists of a sample of 384 employees of a Midwestern public university in the USA who completed two questionnaires. Structural equation modeling is used.
Pay communication has both direct and mediated relationships with pay satisfaction (satisfaction with pay level, benefits, pay raise, and pay administration). Distributive justice accounts for more variance in all pay satisfaction dimensions than procedural justice. Interpersonal and information justice are essentially unrelated to pay satisfaction.
The sample over‐represents women, non‐minorities, and workers with long‐service records. Results may not be generalizeable to other organizational contexts, particularly to private sector organizations.
Perceived pay communication predicts not only pay satisfaction, but also perceptions of organizational justice. In turn, justice's mediation is critical to enhancing satisfaction with pay. Organizations should carefully design and implement pay communication programs.
First, the relationships between perceived pay communication and pay satisfaction are shown to be, in part, based on justice perceptions. Second, issues of pay communication have rarely been studied in US public sector organizations, which require open pay systems. Third, this paper presents improvements in measures and other methods over past research in pay communication.
CitationDownload as.RIS
Emerald Group Publishing Limited
Copyright © 2011, Emerald Group Publishing Limited


discrimination of loud low frequencies (Neil Todd )
Subject: discrimination of loud low frequencies
Date: Mon, 14 Jun 1999 17:40:56 GMT
Dear List Can anyone tell me if there is any experimental data to suggest that there may be something peculiar in the discrimination of loud low frequency tones, between about 50 Hz and 800 Hz, and above about 90 dB SPL? For example, is it the case that either intensity and/or frequency discrimination gets better above about 90/100 dB SPL for low frequencies, but not for tones of say 2 kHz or above? In other words, is there any evidence of a mechanism that cuts in for loud low frequencies (other than normal phase-locking)? Any comments/references gratefully received. Cheers Neil Todd
This message came from the mail archive
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DAn Ellis
Electrical Engineering Dept., Columbia University


Brian Mains
Catch me on linked in at:, or follow me on twitter at: _USER_.
AJAX Controls and ClientIDMode
The new ClientIDMode property is a new.NET 4.0 features that allows a developer to take control over the ClientID property. In.NET 3.5 and earlier, the ClientID property renders in the ID HTML attribute for all controls. The system generated ID would be very long, may be looking something like ct100_ct100_BOdyPlaceholder_Ctl for a control that has an ID property of Ctl, and as such, ClientIDMode gives you much better control over this rendering process. For instance, a mode of Static takes whether the ID value is and renders it directly, which is very useful but potentially dangerous (as then you have to ensure that each ID is unique). It seems a lot of people favor the Predicable, trimming down the "ID fat." ClientIDMode can be set per control, in the _USER_ declaration, and in the config file.
From an AJAX perspective, this can be helpful. It was mostly required to find an AJAX control (especially if the application used a master page). This required these types of lookups of AJAX components:
var control = $find("<%= Button1.ClientID %>");
This finds a button AJAX control, but as you can see, because the ID is never the same as the ClientID, we needed to render it from the server-side so that the correct client-side ID (always ClientID) is passed in and the control is properly found.
But with the addition of ClientIDMode, for controls we know are standard, we can define a control like:
And can reference it on the client as:
var control = $find("b1");
Because both the ID and the ClientID match on the server, thus the server-side ID of b1 is also the client side ID of b1, and it makes it easier for lookups, though the previous approach wasn't that much more difficult. There are only a handful of scenarios where the <%= %> syntax doesn't work, such as templated controls that are not marked with [TemplateInstance(TemplateInstance.Single)] attribute definition, or repeating templates. The syntax must also be specified in the same container (same page, same user control, etc.).
I'd recommend using ClientIDMode="Static" for central controls, such as the scriptmanager, or if you use Telerik the RadAJaxManager and other Rad manager controls. Additionally, other master page controls can use a static ID, and then it makes it easier to target these controls from client-side JavaScript, as we don't have to mess around with the <%= control.ClientID %> syntax and any general scoping issues that may bring.
There is an AJAX benefit to the new ClientIDMode property.
Posted: Tue, Nov 16 2010 20:22 by bmains | with no comments
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text:
Quest for Team Excellence
Through challenging activities participants use team skills to achieve goals. The result - participants have identified skills necessary for enhancing their actual team performance. Past attendees have uniformly agreed that the Quest for Team Excellence seminar has made a dramatic difference in their workplace. They have turned discovered knowledge into applicable team skills.
For example, participants have noted:
Quest for Team Excellence is a one or two-day seminar designed to allow individuals the opportunity to learn how to actively build working relationships, effectively manage conflict and use personal leadership to support and assist others in a mutual effort to achieve the organization's mission. Teamwork is the ability to work together to accomplish a common goal. Each team is unique. Quest for Team Excellence assists in identifying this uniqueness and how it may be used to breakthrough to excellence. The result – guaranteed enhanced performance.
Awareness - Through experiential learning activities, participants will discover knowledge that can be turned into skills immediately
Feedback - Feedback from seminar participants and the facilitator will identify priorities for improvement
Practice - Using feedback and models to verify the benefits of applied skills
Planning - Fifteen percent of Quest for Team Excellence is devoted to developing action plans


text:
1. What is urban renewal? Why do cities undergo urban renewal, and what are the results? 1. Definition of urban renewal Program in which cities identify blighted inner-city neighborhood, acquire the properties from private owners, build new roads and utilities, and turn...Read More
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Let $X$ be a complex manifold and $g$ a hermitian metric on $X$. Consider the Riemannian exponential $\exp_p: T_p X \to X$.
If $\exp_p$ is holomorphic for every $p \in X$, then $(\exp_p)^{-1}$, suitably restricted, provide holomorphic normal coordinates near $p$, with respect to which the metric osculates to order 2 to the standard metric at the origin. This shows that $g$ is a Kähler metric.
However, Kähler is not sufficient to ensure that $\exp_p$ is holomorphic: take $X$ a curve of genus $g \geq 2$. If $\exp_p:T_pX \to X$ is holomorphic, then it lifts to a holomorphic map from $T_pX$ to the universal cover $\widetilde{X} = \Delta$, giving a holomorphic map $T_pX \simeq \mathbb{C} \to \Delta$, which must be constant by Liouville's theorem. In fact, one can see that $\exp$ cannot be holomorphic if $X$ is Kobayashi hyperbolic.
This leaves the question: What are the hermitian manifolds/metrics whose exponential map is holomorphic?
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In the $1$ complex dimension case this forces the metric to be locally isomorphic to the standard metric. The exponential map preserves length in the radial direction, so if it is conformal then it must also preserve length in the other direction. – Tom Goodwillie Jun 16 '11 at 3:52
2 Answers 2
up vote 10 down vote accepted
NB: I've had a little time to think about this and can now improve my answer, in particular, removing the real-analytic assumption, which, as I suspected, was not necessary. Here is the improved answer:
If the metric $g$ is Kähler, then having the exponential map from a point $p\in M$ be holomorphic makes it flat in a neighborhood of $p$.
Suppose that $\exp_p:T_pM\to M$ is holomorphic near $0_p\in T_pM$ (where we use the natural holomorphic structure on the complex vector space $T_pM$). Let $z:T_pM\to\mathbb{C}^n$ be a complex linear isometry, so that the hermitian metric on $T_pM$ is just $|z|^2$ in the usual sense. Let $Z$ be the holomorphic 'radial' vector field on $\mathbb{C}^n$, whose real part is the standard radial vector field on $\mathbb{C}^n$.
Then $$ {\exp_p}^*g = g_{i\bar j}(z)\ dz^i\ d\overline{z}^j $$ for some functions $g_{i\bar j}$ on a neighborhood of $0\in\mathbb{C}^n$. Since $g$ is Kähler, there is a function $f$ defined on a neighborhood of $0\in\mathbb{C}^n$ such that $$ g_{i\bar j} = \frac{\partial^2f}{\partial z^i\ \partial\overline{z}^j}. $$
Now, the condition that $z$ furnish Gauss normal coordinates for ${\exp_p}^*g$ is easily seen to be that
$$ \mathcal{L}_Z\bigl(\bar\partial f\bigr) = \bar\partial\bigl(|z|^2\bigr). $$ In particular, $ \bar\partial\bigl(\mathcal{L}_Z(f - |z|^2)\bigr) = 0$, so $\mathcal{L}_Z(f - |z|^2) = h$ for some holomorphic function $h$ on a neighborhood of $0$. This $h$ must vanish at $0$, so it is easy, by adding the real part of the appropriate holomorphic function to $f$ (which won't change $g$) to arrange that $h\equiv0$ and, moreover, that $f(0) = 0$. But this now implies that the real-valued function $f-|z|^2$ vanishes at the origin and also is constant along the radial vector field. Thus, $f = |z|^2$, and the metric $g$ is flat in these coordinates.
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I do not like complex numbers and can make a mistake easily...
Let $L_p$ be a complex line in a tangent space $T_pX$. It is easy to see that $\exp_p$ gives an isometric embedding $L_p\hookrightarrow X$ which is also star-shaped with center at $p$; set $L=\exp_p(L_p)$
Take any other point $q\in L$, and let $L_q\subset T_q$ be the tangent subspace to $L$. Note that the maps $\exp_p$ and $\exp_q$ coinside (up to a shift) on the geodesic $(pq)$. [Here I use that if two holomorphic maps coincide on the real line then they coincide in the complex plane.] It follows that $L=\exp_q(L_q)$. Therefore $L$ is totally geodesic.
In other words: For any complex sectional direction in $X$, there is a tangent totally geodesic surface which is isometric to complex plane.
In particular, the sectional curvature in all complex sectional directions is zero and therefore the curvature of $X$ is identically zero; the later stated in Kobayashi--Nomizu, Foundations of differential geometry, Volume 2 IX, Prop. 7.1. (thanks to RdN).
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I don't quite understand your arguement for exp of a complex line to be totally geodesic. But if so there is a lemma in vol II of Kobayashi Nomizu (Prop. 7.1) that says if two tensors with the symmetry and J invariance of a Kahler curvature tensor agree on complex lines they must be equal. It's clear curves have to be flat by Gauss lemma and totally geodesic would mean the second fundamental vanishes, so we can measure R of the ambient space from such curves. Thus the Prop. says total curvature must vanish. – RdN Jun 25 '11 at 16:43
_USER_, Thank you, I will include it in the answer – Anton Petrunin Jun 28 '11 at 10:30
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Storyboard Pro supports two types of fields for storing and breaking up your project's script:
- The Script field is a field in the Storyboard view in which you can type, or import, your entire project's script. A Storyboard Pro project has only one Script field.
- Caption fields are special text fields for storing information such as dialogue, actions, scene information, scrubbing information and any other type of relevant information for each of your storyboard's panels. Each panel in your project has its own caption fields, and each field is used for a different type of information. The types of caption fields used by your project can be customized.
You can write or import your project's script into the Script field of the Storyboard view, which is a single text field for your entire project:
Then, you can fill up the caption fields for each panel in your storyboard using the Panel view. The Panel view allows you to view and edit the content of the caption fields for the currently selected panel.


Rescued Mice. Find a Mouse at a Shelter
 - Find photos of Mice for adoption near you. Read profiles of Mice personalities.
 - Give a healthy Mouse a home. Why buy a Mouse for sale when you can adopt?
 - Use Search Saver. We will e-mail you when we find a Mouse in your area for adoption.
What to Consider Before Adopting a Mouse.
We are happy that you have decided to adopt a Mouse. Mouse adoption is a wonderful way to provide a Mouse a second chance and caring environment. Most pets arrive at shelters because the owner had to move, could no longer afford the pet, had a death in the family, or simply gave up the responsibly of being a care taker for a Mouse. Before bringing home a Mouse, make sure you have considered the full impact of your decision. Below is a brief overview of the type of needs a Mouse might require and what you will need to consider for the life time care of a Mouse.
First most, understand that no matter what, even if you buy a Mouse for sale, or adopt, as a new pet owner it is your responsibility to care for the Mouse it's entire lifespan. Part of that responsibility is taking time to understand the basic needs of a Mouse. At the top of that list should be getting know the diet of a Mouse. Find out how often and what a Mouse needs to eat. Next, what shelter do you need to provide? Get to know what habitat a Mouse is accustom to, what temperature will the Mouse need to maintain, and what range of temperatures are acceptable for a Mouse to survive.
It's usually a good idea to get to know a little more about Mouse habits, temperament and relationship with humans before adopting a Mouse. For example, can you handle a Mouse. What is an indicator if a Mouse is being aggressive and senses fear? Some pets will maintain much more happiness as long as they live socially, does a Mouse need a companion pet in order to live happily? What exercise does a Mouse need regularly?
Mouse adoption can be an enriching experience, and is a big decision. Whatever pet you adopt will demand certain lifestyle changes, and a financial commitment. Estimating the monthly costs of owning a pet is just as important as making sure you have the time and motivation to feed the Mouse when necessary, and provide a safe environment to live.
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Digital Image Registration and Comparison
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This page has been written as part of the NIP2 Beginners Guide.
Image registration is the process of ensuring that the matching features of two similar images appear in the same place in each image. If different images have been captured of a single object, at different stages of it's life, for example before, during or after conservation work or with different pieces of equipment, for example visible, infra-red, uv or x-ray, then they may need to be registered to each other before direct digital comparisons are carried out.
Image comparison is the process of checking whether the matching features of two similar images appear in the same place in each image. Comparisons can be used to check the result of the registration procedures or just to check if two similar images match, this can very useful when comparing different versions of the same painting, or even checking whether a drawing or cartoon has been used in the construction of a painting.
There are two basic registration function included in nip2, Linear Match and Perspective Match. Two images need to be selected and then the chosen function can be performed, the second image will be adjusted to match the first based on the positioning of a set of marks.
Figure 8.1: Selection of sample images used to show the results of the image overlay and image registration functions. Image A is the base image that the others starting images, B, C and D want to be resistered to. Images AA, AB, AC and AD are the result of running the overlay function with image A and all of the starting images. Images B2 and C2 show the results of linear matching images B and C with image A and image D2 show the results of perspective matching images C with image A. Images AB2, AC2 and AD2 are the result of running the overlay function with image A and the three matches images.
- [Main Window][Toolkits: Image: Transform: Linear Match]
This functions can be used to correct size, translation and rotation differences between two images. Two marks are placed on each of the original images, which can be moved to indicate the position of two good matching features in the images. In addition to the marks options are provided to lock the image to prevent resizing[_TAG_ 1] and to allow the software to try to improve the position of your marks[_TAG_ 2].
- [Main Window][Toolkits: Image: Transform: Perspective Match]
This functions can be used to correct size, translation, rotation and perspective distortion differences between two images. Four marks are placed on each of the original images, which can be moved to indicate the position of four good matching features in the images.
There are three basic comparison function included in nip2, Overlay, Slider Blend and Along Line, see figure [_TAG_:reg_comp 8.2]fg:reg_comp. Two images need to be selected and then the chosen function can be performed for the comparison to be performed.
Figure 8.2: Examples of the nip2 objects produced by the three basic comparison functions, Overlay, Slider Blend and Along Line.
- [Main Window][Toolkits: Filter: Overlay]
This function produces a mono version of the original object and then uses them along with a black image to produce a RGB[_TAG_ 3] colour image. By default the first image is used to create the red chanel, the second image is used to create the green chanel and the black is used for the blue channel, this is know as Green over Red. Here the good areas of overlap will appear yellow, where the green and red images match, see figure [_TAG_:reg_regandcomp 8.1]fg:reg_regandcomp and figure [_TAG_:reg_comp 8.2]fg:reg_comp. The function object does provide the option to change this image order to produce different colours if it is required.
- [Main Window][Toolkits: Filter: Blend: Slider Blend]
This function effectively places the second image on top of the first and then allows the user to adjust the transparency of the second image by moving a slider back and forward.
- [Main Window][Toolkits: Filter: Blend: Along Line]
This function produces an new image by blending then together down a line. Options are provided for the user to decided if the images are to be blended left-right or top-bottom and to control the position and degree of the blend.
This can be good if you are wanting to line two images up but not actually change their size. This process does not always improve your match but can be helpful at times. see section [_TAG_:colour 3.3.3]sec:colour


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Are you wondering whether squash and cucumbers can be planted together? The answer is yes but with some considerations.
Both plants belong to the cucurbit family, which means they share similar growing requirements and can be grown together in the same garden bed.
However, while their familial ties make them good bedfellows, there are certain aspects, like their different growth rates and potential disease transmission, that need attention.
As you venture into planting these garden favorites side by side, understanding the proper spacing, pest management, and support structures will guide you to a fruitful harvest.
Continue reading to learn more.
Can You Grow Squash and Cucumbers Together?
If you're looking for a way to maximize your garden space, you may wonder if growing squash and cucumbers together is possible.
The good news is that these two plants can be grown together in the same garden bed without issues.
Squash and cucumbers belong to the same family, the cucurbit family, and have similar growing requirements.
They both need sunshine, warm soil, and regular watering to thrive. Additionally, they don't cross-pollinate with each other, so there's no risk of producing a new plant with undesirable characteristics.
🪴 Interested in exploring more about companion planting possibilities? Dive into our detailed article, Can Cucumber and Cilantro Be Planted Together?
Benefits of Planting Squash and Cucumbers Together
Squash and cucumbers are compatible and offer several benefits when grown in close proximity.
Increased Productivity and Healthier Harvests
Planting squash and cucumbers together can lead to healthier plants and a better harvest due to their complementary growth requirements and natural pest repellence.
These two plants share similar growing conditions, which can simplify garden management as they require similar soil, water, and sunlight conditions.
Additionally, their joint planting can lead to a natural form of pest control.
The scent of both cucumbers and squash can deter certain insects, such as aphids and beetles, potentially reducing the damage or destruction these pests can cause.
Over time, this natural pest repellence can contribute to healthier plants and a more bountiful harvest.
Biodiversity and Soil Health
Growing these two plants together can create a biodiverse garden environment that benefits both crops.
They contribute to the soil's nutrient content, particularly nitrogen, which benefits both crops and other plants grown alongside them.
Squash and cucumbers also have complementary traits that make them ideal gardening companions.
Their ability to vine allows them to spread across the garden, using available space well.
While they spread out, their foliage can help suppress weeds, which is beneficial for soil health and reduces competition for nutrients.
These traits contribute to their individual growth and the overall productivity and aesthetics of the garden.
The interaction between these two plants can lead to a thriving garden with healthy, productive, and visually appealing plants.
🪴 Want to start your own thriving pumpkin and squash garden? Get your seeds from the Top 50 Online Stores For Pumpkin And Squash Seeds!
Challenges of Planting Squash and Cucumbers Together
While planting squash and cucumbers together presents several advantages, it's essential also to be aware of the challenges that may arise.
Understanding these challenges can equip you with the knowledge to mitigate them effectively, ensuring a fruitful gardening experience.
Here are some challenges to consider:
Both plants belong to the same botanical family and are susceptible to similar pests and diseases.
An infestation might spread rapidly between the squash and cucumber plants, affecting your garden's overall health and productivity.
Regularly monitoring signs of pests and diseases and taking prompt action when issues are identified can help manage this challenge and ensure both crops' health.
Competition for Space
Both crops can become expansive as they grow, which might lead to competition for space if not adequately managed.
Their vines can intertwine as they grow, and their foliage can overshadow each other, potentially hindering sunlight access and air circulation.
Proper spacing and support structures like trellises or stakes can help manage this challenge.
By providing adequate space and support, you can ensure both plants have enough room to grow, access sunlight, and receive good air circulation.
How Far Apart Should Squash and Cucumbers Be Planted Together?
It's suggested to space cucumbers and squash 6 to 8 inches apart.
Planting them at this distance helps ensure adequate air circulation, which is beneficial in preventing diseases and deterring some harmful insects.
Start by planting the seeds of both vegetables at the base of trellises or other vertical supports, keeping the spacing of 6 to 8 inches.
Once the seedlings reach a height of 3 to 4 inches, it's a good practice to thin them out.
🪴 Are you curious about the culinary possibilities of cucumber seeds? Explore our article Can You Eat Cucumber Seeds?
It also significantly ensures that cucumbers and squash obtain the necessary resources for healthy growth.
Especially since cucumbers are heavy feeders with shallow roots, the adequate spacing helps mitigate competition for essential resources like water and nutrients.
Best Practices When Planting Squash and Cucumbers Together
When planting squash and cucumbers together, there are several best practices that you should follow to ensure a successful harvest.
Giving your squash and cucumber plants enough space to grow is essential. Squash plants can take up a lot of room, so ensure they have at least 2-6 feet of space between each plant.
Cucumber plants are a bit smaller, so they can be planted a little closer together, with about 3-5 feet between each plant.
As mentioned, space your cucumbers and squashes at least 6 feet apart to allow for proper air circulation and prevent disease spread.
Pest and Disease Management
Squash and cucumbers are susceptible to various pests and diseases, so practicing good pest and disease management techniques is essential.
One way to do this is to rotate your crops each year, planting squash and cucumbers in a different spot in your garden each season.
Keep your plants well-watered and fertilized to help them stay healthy and strong.
Squash and cucumber plants can benefit from support structures like trellises or cages. This can help keep the plants off the ground, preventing disease and making harvesting easier.
When choosing a support structure, select one that is sturdy enough to hold the weight of your plants as they grow.
You can also use natural materials, such as bamboo or twine, to create your support structures.
Want your own sturdy trellis? Get one by clicking the link below!
Planting cucumbers and squash side by side is entirely doable and can benefit your garden.
It's essential to acknowledge that both plants can spread across your garden. So, give them enough room to grow without crowding each other.
With thoughtful planning and care, growing cucumbers and squash together can be a straightforward and effective way to make the most of your garden space and enjoy a bountiful harvest!


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Is 100mm of concrete enough in naturally-ventilated buildings?
A question often asked by architects and designers is: "Will 100mm of concrete provide enough thermal mass?" The answer largely depends on the extent to which you want to optimise the building design. It is sometimes thought that a 100mm of concrete is sufficient, but this fails to take account of a range of factors including how buildings actually respond to real weather conditions. For example, a naturally-ventilated office with exposed 100mm concrete composite floors (steel decking/soffit with insitu concrete topping) might have sufficient heat capacity to cope with a simple 24-hour heating and cooling cycle. However, in addition to a building's daily cycle, there are also longer cycles related to a typical hot spell (usually three to five days) and also the five working days per week cycle, from which heat will reach different depths within the available thermal mass. In the case of floors in a non-air conditioned building for example, the greater the slab depth, the longer the time period it responds to; the core of a 300mm thick concrete slab responds to the monthly average condition and draws heat in deeper over an extended period of hot weather.
For longer time periods these factors are important because it is the longer-term average room temperatures that define the thermal storage core temperature and hence the temperature gradient that draws heat in to the concrete. So, whilst a 100mm of concrete offers some useful thermal mass, thicker slabs provide greater temperature stability and increased cooling performance across a range of conditions including hot periods.
To help visualise what this means in practice, the graph below shows how the soffit temperature of exposed 100mm and 300mm floors in a naturally-ventilated office respond to hot weather. This was produced using finite difference modelling to calculate the heat transfer at the soffit and into the floor slab over the course of several days, during which there is a shift to warmer weather.
Figure 3 (from Concrete Floors Solutions for Passive and Active Cooling publication): Change in soffit temperature in response to a period of hot weather


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Watch the 6ths online guitar lesson by Jeff McErlain from Blues Survival Guide: Rhythm Edition
Sliding 6ths always sounds good in a blues and is essential to blues survival! We can hear it on almost every blues tune and it always sounds sweet. The reason it always sounds great is that a 6th can be seen as an inverted 3rd and chords are made up of thirds. In this example I am playing the diatonic 6ths of G mixolydian (C major). We can see that some of these sound better than others this is because best sounding ones are the 6ths that contain the chord tones of the G7 chord. For example G to B is the 3rd and 7th of G7, but if we invert that interval so we get B to G we can see those two notes become a major 6th.


What might cause a rhythmic, wavy baseline?
Last Updated: 11/19/2014
The most common causes of a rhythmic or wavy baseline are related to the pumping system. Typically, your pump will have two pistons and seals. If one is more worn than the other, this can cause flow and pressure variations in a very rhythmic pattern, which will also be seen by the detector. You can confirm a pump seal problem by varying the flow rate; the frequency (in time) of the baseline fluctuations should increase/decrease proportionally to an increase/decrease in the flow rate if the pump seals are worn. The solution is to replace the pump seals.
If you have a multiple pump system (binary, ternary, or quaternary), the problem may also be a function of insufficient mixing or of a malfunctioning proportioning valve.
Finally, another possibility may be the detector itself, though fluctuations would not tend to be rhythmic. Again, varying the flow-rate as mentioned above can confirm pumps are the issue, but if adjustment of flow does not have an effect on the baseline fluctuation, the detector itself (e.g. aging lamp if UV) could be the cause.


Contributory Value of Farm Buildings
Contributory Value of Farm Buildings
Bins 2017julyblog 002 74985eb187e3c
While new construction costs can be estimated from local contractors, determining the value of existing buildings is much more difficult. The tough question is how much are the old buildings worth? To determine value we need to think about what the building was designed for, whether it is still useful for that original intended use, or if it could possibly be used for something else. Each type of building has unique considerations when making these assessments.
A grain bin is an easy one. It is designed to store grain. Is it large enough that a producer would still want to use it? Does it have aeration fans or drying fans? Does it have unload augers? Once some of these questions are answered then the condition of the bin is looked at to see if there are maintenance issues that need to be fixed.
A study was conducted of many improved farm sales. The study indicated the grain bins contributed $0.20 to $0.80 per bushel. This is a large range in value. The newer, larger bins contributed the most value while smaller, older bins were at the low end of the range. Small bins without unload augers or aeration fans did not contribute any value to the farm sales, even if they were in use.
Machine sheds can be difficult. With modern farm equipment getting larger year after year, the size of the building is an important factor. Is the building tall enough to accommodate a combine or large piece of tillage equipment? Are the height and width of the door large enough for the equipment? Once these factors are determined, the condition of the building can be considered.
A similar study as the grain bins was conducted of machine sheds and resulted in a range from $0.50 to over $4.00 per square foot. The size of the buildings and the door opening size are important factors in the values. Machine sheds with a concrete floor are typically near the high end of the range.
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