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1852 Levasseur Map of Algeria
Description: This is a fascinating 1852 Levasseur map of the French colony of Algeria. Shows the region divided into the administrative provinces of Oban, Alger, and Constantine. The map proper is surrounded by elaborate decorative engravings designed to illustrate both the natural beauty and trade richness of the land. There is a short textual history of the region depicted to the left and right of the map. Published by V. Levasseur in the 1852 edition of his Atlas National de la France Illustree.
Date: 1852 (undated)
Source: Levassuer, V., Atlas National Illustre des 86 Departements et des Possessions de La France Divise par Arrondissements, Cantons et Communea avec La Trace de Toutes Les Routes, Chemins,de fer et Canaux., 1852 edition.
References: Phillips (Atlases) 3003.
Cartographer: Victor Levasseur, an important French engineer, cartographer, and engraver of the mid 19th century, held a number of important cartographically related political and educations posts in France. He is most famous for his Atlas National Illustré des 86 Départements et des Possessions de La France, a large decorative atlas of France, including his Planisphere and five important continental maps. Levasseur's maps are distinctive for their wide decorative margins containing elaborate depictions of the scenery, peoples, and trade goods of the areas he mapped. Levasseur maps are also known to offer a wealth of statistical data. Until recently, very few Levasseur Atlases migrated out of France where they were mostly used in public libraries and town halls. His work represents some of the last great decorative atlases of the 19th century. Click here for a list of rare maps from Victor Levasseur.
Size: Printed area measures 17 x 11.5 inches (43.18 x 29.21 centimeters)
Condition: Very good. Blank on verso. Wide clean margins.
Code: Algeria-levasseur-1852 (to order by phone call: _PHONE_)


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view a plan
Here is a jazz musician's crossword puzzle idea
9, 10, 11, 12
Title – Jazz Musician Crossword
By – Stacey Tyler
Primary Subject – Music
Grade Level – 9-12
Students will find this either very simple or at least fun. If you a have a method of creating a crossword puzzle on your PC, pick at least 16 – 20 jazz legends to enter. Here are some suggestions:
Note from lessonplanspage.com: we took Stacey's suggestions and entered them at the Discovery School site: _URL_ with the following results.
8. Wynton Marsalis's instrument
Give the puzzle to students as a fun sheet or have them to go to swingmusic.net to find the answers.This is a great extra credit activity.This is a great site for research papers for black history month also.
E-Mail Stacey Tyler!

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Gertrude Stein puts the "there" back in Oakland
Friday, February 03, 2012 at 9:52 AM
Gertrude Stein. (Courtesy Oakland Public Library, Oakland History Room.)
What exactly did renowned U.S. writer and art collector Gertrude Stein mean when she said "there is no there there" about Oakland, California? In honor of Gertrude Stein's 138th birthday today, we explore the meaning of this oft-quoted phrase.
In fall 2011, I attended the SF Museum of Modern Art's exhibit of Stein's groundbreaking Paris art collection. At the exhibit, a small display about her childhood in Oakland, California, sparked my interest. I was born in Oakland, and I'm currently writing a book about Oakland. I wondered what it was like for Gertrude Stein growing up there in the 1880s. I purchased The Autobiography of Alice B. Toklas from the Google eBookstore to read about Stein's experiences in Paris and San Francisco with her companion, Alice Toklas. The more I read by Stein and saw how she plays with language, the more I wondered about the meaning of her "no there there" quote.
There is a "There" in Oakland. (Photo by Joe Sciarrillo)
Searching Google Books, I found the "no there there" quote on page 298 of Everybody's Autobiography, published in 1937. The full quote is:
Searching the Google News archive, I found that dozens of articles over the last several decades used her quote. Searching Google Scholar, I found over 1,000 scholarly articles referencing her quote. But still, I wanted to learn more. What was Oakland like in the 1880s? I went to the Oakland History Room at the Oakland Main Library to find out.
Newspaper clippings from Stein's file in the Oakland History Room referencing her "there" quote.
Stein's family moved to Oakland in 1880, when she was six, and lived at the Tubbs Hotel their first year. Author Robert Louis Stevenson also stayed at this hotel from March to April, 1880.
Tubbs Hotel, Oakland, California. (Courtesy Oakland Public Library, Oakland History Room)
Her family then moved to a home near today's 13th Avenue and East 25th Avenue. She lived in Oakland until 1891, and left at age 17 for Baltimore, after her parents passed away. Oakland was a much smaller town then, with a population of just under 35,000 in 1880.
Downtown Oakland in 1889. (Courtesy Oakland Public Library, Oakland History Room)
Children playing in a water hole near where Stein grew up in Oakland in this 1884 photo. (Courtesy Oakland Public Library, Oakland History Room)
Nearly 45 years later, Stein returned to Oakland on a lecture tour in 1935. By that time, the city had grown nearly 10 times to over 300,000 residents. When she tried to find her childhood home, it was no longer there. When she published Everybody's Autobiography two years later, saying there was "no there there," it was an expression of "painful nostalgia" about her home being gone and the land around it being completely changed. The house where she grew up was on a sprawling 10-acre plot surrounded by orchards and farms. By 1935, it had been replaced by dozens of houses. Oakland held a special significance to her, and on her return, she found that Oakland had urbanized and changed from the pastoral place she remembered.
Gertrude Stein writes in her autobiographical novel, The Making of Americans, about her childhood in Oakland, where a child "could have all anybody could want of joyous sweating, of rain and wind, of hunting, of cows and dogs and horses, of chopping wood, of making hay, of dreaming, of lying in a hollow all warm with the sun shining while the wind was howling." She won her first literary award as a student at Franklin School in Oakland for a piece she wrote about the sun "setting in a cavern of clouds." Returning to her home decades later to find it gone and to find Oakland no longer a place "of chopping wood, of making hay" struck her, and she wrote her famous "no there there" quote in response.
Stein's house, two miles south of this 1889 photo, was in a sparsely-populated section of Oakland. (Courtesy Oakland Public Library, Oakland History Room)
When researching Stein at the Oakland History Room, the literary portrait file had photos of Jack London, a contemporary of Stein's, who also grew up in Oakland. The file included other famous authors who visited Oakland in the late 1800s, including Mark Twain, Robert Louis Stevenson, and John Muir. Despite the misinterpretation of Stein's quote, there has always been a "there" in Oakland. Oakland has been blessed with several waves of artistic movements, stretching back to these authors. And in interviewing innovative artists and writers in Oakland today for my forthcoming book Oakland in Popular Memory, I've seen first-hand that now more than ever, there is a "there" in Oakland.
J and K said...
Thanks for the explanation of the "no there there" quote. I've heard secondhand about the actual context and meaning, but this is a more detailed account. I can't imagine what Stein would say if she saw Oakland today, though perhaps she'd be somewhat heartened by our budding urban gardening movement.
3011 said...
In a conversation today with a literary British colleague, he used this quote--"there's no there there," Gertrude Stein, to add to my description of Los Angeles, which, even we Americans know was totally changed from a city into a sphagetti-like system of limited access freeways... when GM bought up its rail system to sell their cars. Perhaps he had been reading the Google Blog!
Kay Walker said...
I had the same experience as Gertrude Stein did when I saw my early childhood home on Google Earth/Maps! The whole street has changed including the landscape. A mountain has been carved away at the end of the street and made my childhood street a divided cul-de-sac, going nowhere. There is no school over the back fence, but a bland estate crammed with cheap modern housesmy remembered "there" is not there, it only lives in my brain/mind. I never understood what Stein meant until todaythank you!
Rose Hoban said...
I was working on a radio program about Oakland in the early 2000s and we decided to do a story about the 'oldest building in Oakland'. It was amazing, there were no buildings older than, say, 1900. Almost all of them had been razed, including the lovely Victorian houses along Lake Merritt. Even the beautiful houses near Park Blvd were more recent. In effect, Oaklanders had decided that 'old' = 'bad' and expunged their prior landscape.
I could completely understand Stein in that context.
Incidentally, we were finally able to identify the oldest building, it's a brick railroad car barn close to the 880 onramp near the old railroad terminal station. (abandoned, yet still beautiful... see? The trend continues even now.) That was then. If memory serves (I no longer live there), that building has come down too.


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GA: Measure Large Products (2 axes)
ProTable GA is a two axis, gantry system for measurement of panels/sheet stock. It can locate any point in XY space of the part being measured. It can measure point to point, arc lengths and hole locations.
ProTable GA is a two axis, gantry system for measurement of panels/sheet stock. It can locate any point in XY space of the part being measured. It can measure point to point, arc lengths and hole locations. A rigid aluminum frame holds the part being measured. A gantry travels over the part to find points for measurement using a magnified high definition color image and crosshair. The measuring carriages are guided by high precision industrial hardened steel linear bearing systems.
Additional fixturing and system customization are available.
System accuracy error not to exceed +/-.005 inches (.127 mm).
- Battery Operation: One CR123 Lithium battery in each Readout (axis) will power a ProTable XY for up to 6-8 months.
- Non-Linear error compensation: The ProTable XY Readout stores up to 126 calibration points along the entire measuring length of each axis.
- Temperature compensation: The Readout samples ambient temperature every 15 minutes and applies applicable correction to the measurement.
- SPC Output: Measurement data can be sent wirelessly to a PC.
- Measurement Pins: Standard systems are supplied with hardened steel measuring pins, or Stainless steel may be ordered as an option. Custom Hole or Edge probes are also available.
- Easy Operation: Readout settings for Zero, Plus & Minus Offsets, Data Send, and Measurement Units.
- Choice of Measurement Units: The Readout will display measurements in inches to.001 or.0005; Millimeters to.01; or Centimeters to.01.
- One year warranty on all parts against defects in workmanship.
- RoHS compliant: Lead Free Product
- Custom designs available for your measuring application
- MADE IN USA

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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Las Palmas Water Theatre
The Las Palmas Water Theatre by Grimshaw was based on the biomimetic design principle of mimicking process - in this case the way in which the Namibian fog-basking beetle has evolved a way to create its own fresh water in a desert.
This scheme employed similar ingenuity to take advantage of the sunny conditions, steady wind direction and cold seawater to create large amounts of desalinated water for the town of Las Palmas. The evaporators and condensers which are the basis of this technology were arranged to create a back-drop to an outdoor amphitheatre. What might normally have been a mundane piece of infrastructure is elevated to the level of sculpture.


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|Sapphire boule. |
This is a "flame fusion" sapphire crystal boule, such as might be used to create synthetic cut gemstones. Flame fusion means a fine powder of aluminum oxide (the base material sapphires are made of) is blown through an extremely hot flame and onto a seed crystal. The molten droplets, somewhat amazingly, follow the pattern of the seed crystal and slowly accumulate into a large, single crystal of sapphire.
The slight pink cast in this boule comes from a 1% impurity of titanium. Impurities determine the colors of most gemstones, and are, for example, responsible for the difference between rubies and sapphires, both of which are made of aluminum oxide.
Source: SoCal (Nevada), Inc
Contributor: Theodore Gray
Acquired: 28 April, 2004


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Contact: Jenny Heumann, ACC, _PHONE_
Contact: Kathy Mathers, TFI, _PHONE_
Hands-on training program will target emergency response to anhydrous ammonia incidents
WASHINGTON, D.C. (March 28, 2011) – TRANSCAER® has launched a nationwide Anhydrous Ammonia Training Tour, to educate and train officials in 27 states across the country on emergency response to anhydrous ammonia incidents.
TRANSCAER (Transportation Community Awareness and Emergency Response) is a voluntary, nationwide outreach effort that helps communities prepare for and respond to hazardous material transportation incidents.
Ammonia, along with other potentially hazardous materials, is used in a variety of beneficial applications—anhydrous ammonia is rich in nitrogen and is the primary component of fertilizer. Because anhydrous ammonia is classified as a hazardous substance, and used and stored under high pressure, those who work with anhydrous ammonia must be properly trained on specific handling procedures.
"Effective emergency response begins with planning and preparation," said Rollie Shook, Chair of the National TRANSCAER Task Group and Leader of Emergency Services and Security for Dow Chemical Co. "Since anhydrous ammonia plays a large part in the agricultural, manufacturing, industrial, commercial and transportation industries, emergency responders need the appropriate knowledge and skills to ensure protection of public health and the environment in the case of an accidental release incident."
"The Fertilizer Institute is pleased to play a role in the development of this valuable training program for emergency responders," said Ford West, President of The Fertilizer Institute. "Anhydrous ammonia plays a key role in U.S. food production, and this national initiative provides an excellent venue for amplifying our industry's messages about the principles of safe ammonia handling and transportation."
The Training Tour focuses on a number of safety training topics, including sessions on ammonia properties, what steps need to be taken to ensure ammonia is transported safely, hands-on training on how to use transport equipment properly, and information on emergency response necessary in case of an ammonia release.
The properties training segment covers both the physical and chemical properties of anhydrous ammonia, as well as basic health effects and initial first aid for treating exposures. Understanding how and why anhydrous ammonia is used and relating the properties of the chemical to real-life response issues also is covered.
Another segment of the training program covers types of ammonia releases that could occur. Topics in this training block address indoor and outdoor release scenarios, defensive and offensive approaches to ammonia release incidences, flammability concerns, where and when to use water in dealing with an ammonia release, and control/containment measures.
The target audience for the tour events includes emergency responders, agricultural businesses, ammonia industry personnel, emergency management officials, public safety representatives, law enforcement agencies and others involved in the transportation of anhydrous ammonia.
The tour focuses on regions of the country where use of anhydrous ammonia in agriculture applications is prevalent. A listing of cities and states where the tour is taking place is available at: _URL_ More locations will be added throughout the year.
In addition, Anhydrous Ammonia Tour training documents and videos will be available online this Spring at: _URL_ The training materials consist of Anhydrous Ammonia Tour training videos, PowerPoint presentations and instructor and student guides that address emergency response, chemical properties, transports and nurse tanks, and railcars, as well as promotional Print Materials including posters and brochures.
TRANSCAER is sponsored by the American Chemistry Council, the Association of American Railroads, CHEMTREC®, The Chlorine Institute, Inc., The Fertilizer Institute, the National Tank Truck Carriers, Inc., the Renewable Fuels Association and the National Association of Chemical Distributors.
For more information on TRANSCAER, visit _URL_.


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What is enzymatic desizing and what is the recommendation for efficient enzyme desizing
Desizing is the process of removing the size material from the warp yarns after the textile fabric is woven.
Enzymatic desizing is a traditional desizing procedure of degrading starch size on cotton fabrics using enzymes. Enzymes are multipart organic, soluble bio-catalysts, created by living organisms that catalyze chemical effect in a biological process. Enzymes are quite specific in their act on a particular material. A small amount of enzyme is able to decompose a large quantity of the material.
Recommendation for Efficient Enzyme Desizing
(Ref: BTRA – Bombay Textile Research Association)
- Before enzyme de sizing cloth should be wetted with warm water.
- Enzyme activity should be tested before use.
- pH should be controlled.
- Avoid copper made machines.
- Enzyme treated cloth keep in a rider room.
- Treated cloth wash with hot water.
- Should be careful that enzyme above 70 degrees the centigrade temperature will be inactivated or damage.
How Enzyme activity Depends on Concentrate pH and Temperature
- The activity of enzyme increases with the increase of temp but up to certain limit then above that limitation activity decrease.
- Enzyme stability decrease with the increase in temperature.
- Enzyme activity decrease with longer time.
- Changing of pH rapidly changes enzyme activity and stability.
- If the concentration of enzyme increases then activity decrease.
Engineer Sheikh Nurja
B.Sc engineer of textile
If you like this article please do not forget to share on facebook and put your valuable comments.


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Hawaiian language online
About Hawaiian diacritical marks
The Hawaiian language uses two diacritical markings. The okina is a glottal stop, similar to the sound between the syllables of "oh-oh." In print, the correct mark for designating an okina is the single open quote mark. The kahako is a macron, which lengthens and adds stress to the marked vowel. For example 'pau,' depending on placement of okina and kahako, can mean completed, smudge, moist or skirt.
The State of Hawaii and University of Hawaii strongly encourage use of Hawaiian diacritical markings. (See UH Style Guide.) Technology, however, is still catching up.
Choose the level of Hawaiian font display
Depending on your browser, operating system and installed fonts, you may be able to display Hawaiian diacritical marks. If not, they will generally appear as boxes or question marks. In that case, you can choose either to use a foot mark (') as an approximation of the okina or display text without diacritical marks.
Your setting selection will be maintained for this browser and this session only.
- Display no diacritical markings
- Use the footmark () for the okina, but do not display macrons
- Show all diacritical markings
Click on the links above and watch the demo text below change. If you see boxes instead of diacritical marks, you do not have the fonts installed and should turn off the diacritical option for your session.
Hawaiian language demo
The University of Hawaii System consists of 10 campuses, 7 community colleges and 3 university level campuses. The Manoa campus, on the island of Oahu, is the flagship campus with more than 18,000 students enrolled.
Ua haku ia ke Kualono e ka Hale Kuamoo, Ke Kulanui o Hawaii ma Hilo e kakoo ai i na kaiaulu olelo Hawaii a puni ke ao. Oiai, ma ka olelo Hawaii ka hapanui o na ike, he mau palapala olelo Pelekane no hoi ko loko no ka poe hoihoi i ke ao ana i ka olelo Hawaii a i ole no ka poe hoihoi i ka hoonaauao ia no ka olelo oiwi o Hawaii nei a me ka holomua o ka olelo Hawaii.


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"Fuming" is a method of coloring wood by exposing it to ammonia fumes. In short, the wood and ammonia are sealed into a fuming chamber where the concentrated fumes react with the tannin in the wood and cause it to turn anywhere from a rich brown to almost black, depending on the length of exposure. The method became popular around the turn of the century, especially with Arts and Crafts furniture makers, who liked it because it evenly colored the quarter sawn white oak they favored. The process lives on, and is still considered the method of choice for Mission style furniture. And it's not all that difficult, although there a few important safety considerations. Below, Michael Dresdner explains the process – including how to protect yourself – in answer to a Woodworkers Journal eZine reader's question.
Q. "Fuming wood. It's a finishing technique used in Mission style furniture. What strength ammonia is required and where to obtain it? Does it require heat and how much heat? How long does the process take, and how much ammonia is required? Does anyone have any ideas for the "Fuming Chamber"?
A. Michael Dresdner: "Fuming is a dangerous process, so gear up with eye protection, respirator, and gloves. Suit up BEFORE you open the jug, or open the chamber. Use 35% solution ammonium hydroxide, which you can get from a chemical supply house or blueprint supplier (this is the ammonia used in blueprint machines — something becoming increasingly rare thanks to computer plotters.) The ammonia generates fumes that are trapped in a chamber — hence, very little is required, since a small amount will generate a good bit of fumes. One bowl will do a tented table or chair, and a gallon will do an entire chamber full of furniture. Naturally, it can be used again and again."
"The longer the furniture is in the chamber, the darker it gets. Typical schedules go from 12 hours (a very light fuming) to 72 hours (rather dark). Test scraps first.
"The temperature in the chamber not only affects speed of fuming, but also color. The hotter the chamber, the more reds it brings out. Colder chambers result in a more greenish brown. Make one section of the chamber of clear plastic, and shine a heat lamp into it. Remember, ammonia corrodes aluminum, so no electrical connections should be inside the chamber. You'll notice that when the air inside gets up to 80 or 82 degrees, the reaction goes faster and the colors get slightly redder."
"A simple chamber can be nothing more than a frame draped with clear or black 2 mil plastic. Make the frame of wood scraps or plastic pipe — anything that will hold up plastic and surround the piece you are fuming. Seal the plastic at the bottom with duct tape. (Obviously, don't fume on a wood floor — fuming works even through most finishes.) For a more permanent, reusable one, try one of those ubiquitous Rubbermaid storage sheds. Close it and seal up the edges and seams with duct tape."
From the Woodworker's Journal eZine Archives
You'll also find some great tips on fuming white oak in the Woodweb Knowledge Base. As a bonus, the discussion includes a glimpse of how they did things in the old days:
"There was this old story about fuming my grandfather told about oak and some other woods done in France. He said the work was interior installations of small stores. When the work was complete, everything inside the space was removed, and all windows and doors were sealed except one. This would be sealed from the outside. When it was sealed really tight, the finisher would set a big flat pan of ammonia on a metal grate, and light a real thick candle under it. Next morning he'd come by, check the color, make sure the candle was still lit, and wait for the right tint to the wood. (Ahh… the old tricks–who would care to hand stain an entire architectural molded interior space?)"
(We assume that wood fumers of years past used appropriate, government approved safety equipment as well – of course they did. – ed.)
If you have access to the Fine Woodworking magazine archives (a modest subscription fee is required) make sure you read Kevin Rodel's "Fuming with Ammonia" (FW # 126). You'll find a thorough explanation of the process and a look at how fuming works with species other than the traditional white oak. Marc Spagnuolo (aka the Wood Whisperer) offered his wood fuming method recently (see May 14). Note the emphasis, again, on taking the proper safety precautions.
Finally, if you want to learn Mission furniture making from start to finish, pick up a copy of The Furniture of Gustav Stickley. It covers the entire process, including how to fume your finished projects to the point of perfect authenticity.


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(The source of funds used…)
1) The source of funds used by a non-resident Indian (NRI) should be identified at the time of investing in order to decide if the money can be taken outside the country on sale or redemption.
2) If the source of funds is foreign currency, it can be sent without any restriction. If, however, it is Indian rupees, it cannot be remitted. These two sources cannot be clubbed together.
3) The bank account through which the investment is routed is used to determine the source of funds. The funds that are remitted from abroad into the NRE or FCNR accounts and invested can be freely sent back.
4) The income earned in India on investments is repatriable, irrespective of the source of funds. This includes interest from bonds and bank accounts, rental income, dividends from shares and mutual funds.
5) The income earned on an investment is freely repatriable once the taxes have been paid according to the Indian laws.
6) The income in the form of sale proceeds from capital assets, such as property, land, shares, bonds, and mutual funds held in India, are repatriable to the extent of funds remitted from abroad for buying these capital assets.
(The content on this page is courtesy Centre for Investment Education and Learning (CIEL). Contributions by Sunita Abraham, Girija Gadre and Arti Bhargava.)


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Did you know 413,000 or 14 percent of Kansans suffer from food insecurity? The issue affects communities across the state, and there's no magic bullet.
The American Farm Bureau wants to be part of the solution and parents, teachers and students can help. Through its Foundation for Agriculture students can tackle food insecurity with the Purple Plow Challenge.
What Is Food Insecurity?
Many children and adults wonder where their next meal is coming from, whether they will have enough food to eat throughout the week, and how to deal with hunger on a regular basis. That is food insecurity. And, it can affect anyone. In fact, many people are surprised to learn that neighbors or friends face food insecurity.
What Is the Purple Plow Challenge?
The Purple Plow Challenge is a program that tasks students with becoming aware of food insecurity issues and championing solutions in their communities. How? By creating and maintaining an edible plant garden. With spring just around the corner, this is a great time to introduce kids to gardening and help them get planting!
The gardens created during the Purple Plow Challenge could serve as prototypes for community gardens in the future designed to help combat food insecurity.
How Does It Work?
Students in grades 5-8 can enter to participate in the challenge, which runs runs through May 1, 2018. BONUS: It's a fun and simple way to get involved with your community and teach students about agriculture, STEM and giving back.
How Do I Start?
Before starting the challenge, sit down with teachers and administrators to set out a plan of action for the classroom, who may be willing to donate supplies and how to teach students about food insecurity.
For the challenge, students must complete an assessment of needs related to food and hunger in their community and then develop a growing space for edible plants. Here are some ideas to help you in your own challenge:
- Identify the problem in your community and describe what the solution may be. For this challenge, the solution may be one of the student's prototypes!
- Set goals for the project so the students know what to aim for when participating in the challenge. Let the students brainstorm all the ways they can fight food insecurity, what design they will use and all the materials needed.
- Build the prototype! This is the most fun part where students (and parents and teachers) get to see their designs come to life. Have them collect data like how long each plant takes to grow, what each plant produces and how much the materials cost.
- Discuss what this prototype could do on a large scale. How many people could they feed? Talk about the results and compare to the goals. Find the areas for improvement and make the changes.
- Finally, share all the ideas, designs, data and conclusions! Look for opportunities in the community to share the student's work and give them the opportunity to share it.
Benefits of Participating
Students will not only learn about the science of growing plants and the engineering of designing the perfect growing space, but they will also learn about food insecurity, population growth and access to resources.
This project has a far-reaching impact from students to parents to members of the community. Try a project that goes beyond the classroom to have a positive influence on those involved.
And finally, you might be able to win a prize for your local school! Enter the students' reflections and presentation or social media post to win one of eight $500 grants from the American Farm Bureau Foundation for Ag in the Classroom. The top three teams will win a 3D printer and Visa gift card to buy supplies for the next challenge.
Ready to start? Visit purpleplow.org for more information.
From the Purple Plow website:
- The Purple Plow encourages students to research scenarios related to food, hunger and sustainability and build their own prototypes to solve the defined problem. Resources provided for facilitators, students and volunteers are written by teachers, aligned to national learning standards and reviewed by industry experts.
- The Purple Plow is a great fit for individuals, groups, and 5th through 8th grade classes. It's perfect for maker spaces, after school programs, in-school lessons, 4-H clubs, library learning, scout troops and more!


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If a device has stopped functioning or if you are replacing an older device with a newer device, you can remove it from Insteon+. Follow the steps in this article to remove an Insteon device from Insteon+. Removing a device will also remove it from any room, schedules and scenes and cannot be undone.
Delete an Insteon Device from Insteon+
1. Press and hold the set button on the back of Hub Pro until Hub Pro beeps. Press and hold the set button on the back of Hub Pro until Hub Pro beeps again.
2. Press and hold the set button on your old Insteon device until it double beeps.
3. Repeat the process in reverse, starting with your old Insteon device. After several moments, the Insteon device will disappear from Insteon+.
If An Insteon Device Has Not Disappeared from Insteon+
If you have followed the steps to remove an Insteon device from Insteon+ but the removed device continues to show and no longer responds, try the troubleshooting steps below.
Sign out of Insteon+
1. Navigate to Homes and tap Settings
2. Tap Sign Out
Force Quit Insteon+
1. With Insteon+ open on your iPhone, iPad or iPod touch, press and hold the power button until Slide to Power Off appears.
2. Release the power button and press and hold the Home button until Insteon+ disappears.


text: Arctic journey was an experiential exhibition series that was realized as a part of HumanSee research project at the University of Lapland in 2016. The exhibition series seeked to experiment the multisensory ways of presenting personal experiences in the Arctic and to invite exhibition visitors into the co-creation of the installations. By exploring the exhibition formats, this article asks what is the role of co-design process in the construction of an arctic experience. Two of the exhibition cases included co-creation sessions, where the creation of the arctic experience was taken into a closer experimentation through the co-design process. Through qualitative content analysis and discourse analysis, the research findings suggest that arctic experience, even when not connected to personal experiences in the actual arctic region, is a reflection of the personal understanding of the marginal context that brings the stories of an individual into the core of the experience.


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Topic: Python, arduino and stepper motor won't work (Read 1 time) previous topic - next topic
I have a problem for driving a stepper motor out of python(blender). The stepper should make the same rotation as cube in Blender3D. I'm using Blender 2.63, Pyserial 2.6, Arduino Mega2560, a big easy driver and a 1A stepper motor with 200 steps.
Python code:
Code: [Select]
import bpy
import math
from math import degrees
import serial
ser = serial.Serial('COM5',115200,timeout=1)
def my_handler(scene):
 data = ''
 eulx = bpy.data.objects['Cube'].rotation_euler
 x = degrees(eulx.y)
 a = (x/360)*200
 data = bytes([int(a)])
Arduino code:
Code: [Select]
_TAG_
int motorSpeed = 115200;
int motorAccel = 8000;
int motorDirPin = 9;
int motorStepPin = 8;
AccelStepper stepper(1, motorStepPin, motorDirPin);
void setup(){
 pinMode(5, OUTPUT);
 pinMode(6, OUTPUT);
 pinMode(7, OUTPUT);
 digitalWrite(5, LOW);
 digitalWrite(6, LOW);
 digitalWrite(7, LOW);
int num;
void loop()
 if (stepper.distanceToGo() == 0)
 num = Serial.read();
When I try this, the shaft moves and immediately moves back to its origin position. When I replace the "num" in the arduino code for testing, everything works fine (the shaft moves half of a full rotation).
Has anybody an idea why this could happen?
Thank you very much!
What does the data you are writing out the serial port look like? Is it a byte or integer or string? Are you processing it correctly at the Arduino end? It sonds sort of like the motor is turning back to the ZERO position.
thank you for trying to help me. The output for the example above is:
Code: [Select]
>>>data = ''
>>>x = 180
>>>a = (x/360)*200
>>>data = bytes([int(a)])
So b'd' is the data sent. This works perfectly for my servos....
Any idea why it won't work on the steppers?
Thank you
Hello! could well turn the engine?
I want to move a stepper motor from Blender and not how.
Never call Serial.read() unless you have first checked that there is a character available using
Serial.available() > 0....
[ I won't respond to messages, use the forum please ]
I think that the problem has to do with datatypes. Let's look at the Python code:
Code: [Select]
x = 180
a = (x/360)*200
x is an integer with the value 180. In the next line you divide the integer 180 with the integer 360 which becomes the integer 0 as it's rounded down, multiplied with 200 is still 0.
Change the code to:
Code: [Select]
x = 180
a = (x/360.0)*200.0
and the computation will be a floating point computation. You could also make explicitly convert x to floating point like so:
Code: [Select]
x = 180
a = (float(x)/360)*200
and still get the expected result.
Go Up


text:
Attaching for kayak, float tube or boat fishing
To set up for boat fishing with your Deeper, follow these steps:
- Ensure the top cover is screwed on tightly, with the Water Proof marks perfectly aligned.
- Take your Deeper Flexible Arm or Flexible Arm 2.0 and place the security strap on it.
- Mount your Deeper Sonar to your Flexible Arm Mount:
- If you are using a Deeper Flexible Arm, screw your Deeper sonar onto the Flexible Arm Mount using the top attachment point. Then attach the flex arm to your vessel using the crab clamp – for optimal security, clamp to a circular object.
- If you are using a Deeper Flexible Arm 2.0, first place the plastic node of the flexible arm into the bottom attachment point of your Deeper sonar, then firmly tighten the screw into the middle attachment point. Then attach the G-Clamp to any part of your boat which is 70mm / 2.7" thick or less.
- Secure the security strap to your vessel.
- Adjust the flexible column to position your Deeper Sonar so it is semi-submerged in the water.
ⓘ Please always use the security strap when using the Flexible Arm or Flexible Arm 2.0. Do not fully submerge your Deeper Sonar – it will be unable to send Wi-Fi signals back to your phone.


Understanding and Improving Operating Room Scheduling at the VA-Ann Arbor Health System
Faculty/Clinicians/Staff: Prof. Amy Cohn, Dr. Ted Skolarus, Justin Dedecker, Dr. Tamar Lake, Rachel Moeckel, William Pozehl, Melissa Ringlein, Daniel Weir
Students: Fumiya Abe-Nornes, Samir Agrwala, Eric Chen, Laura Hattar, Malcolm Hudson, Max Wagner, Lan Yue, Shuhao Zhou
Project Contact: _EMAIL_
Project Synopsis:
Operating rooms (ORs) are vital to the overall operations of a hospital while also being one of their most expensive resources. Thus, it is imperative to maximize OR efficiency so that hospitals can increase their overall capacity for patient care while also saving significant amounts of money.
In this project, CHEPS is working with the surgical team at the VA-Ann Arbor Healthcare System in order to strategize ways of improving their OR efficiency. Some of the key performance indicators that we have focused on so far include:
 - OR Utilization: Proportion of scheduled OR time that is actually used for surgery
 - First-Case On-Time Start Rate: Proportion of first operations of the day that start at or before the scheduled time
 - Turnaround Time: Time in between two scheduled surgeries in the same OR
We are investigating specific factors within each of these areas that contribute to overall OR inefficiency by analyzing data from previous surgeries at the VA. The goal is to understand the current state of operations and eventually provide any needed interventions.
Papers, Posters, & Presentations:


text:
riparian rights, definition of
- Riparian Rights
The rights of
possessed by a person
owning land containing or bordering a water course or lake.
Search the Web for Riparian Rights
What is riparian rights?
riparian rights definition.
About riparian rights.
Click on a letter to see all the terms and definitions that begin with that letter.
Android app containing all these definitions is now available, called the Green Dictionary
. Click here
to see the entry on the Android market; or click here
if on an Android phone.


text:
One man in Scotland is apparently building an underground bunker tourism empire. James Mitchell, who runs "Scotland's Secret Bunker," is planning to open another Cold War relic as a museum, according to the Scotsman. This one in Edinburgh, known as the Barnton Quarry Nuclear Bunker, was constructed in 1952 as a safe place to maintain power for the British government, with three stories of rooms to house the royal family, military and government officials, and even staff from the BBC.
Barnton Quarry hasn't been used since 1914, and before the bunker was built 100 feet below the earth there was an RAF fighter control center built on the land during WWII (it's still there, covered in graffiti). The bunker was completely a secret until 1963, when a group called Spies for Peace released the information to the public.
While it's long been popular for urban exploration (check out Secret Scotland for some great information), fires in 1991 and 1993 blamed on illegal raves caused it to be filled with asbestos. When the museum will open and how Mitchell will clean up the site remains to be announced, but for now you can glimpse the interior through the amazing photos of people who risked their health to plunge into the depths of the nuclear bunker fit for a Queen (warning, this video from an urban explorer has some kind of intense music):
Image via the Scotsman.
INTO THE ABYSS: BARNTON QUARRY NUCLEAR BUNKER, Edinburgh, Scotland


(GL(n + 1, ℝ), GL(n, ℝ)) is a generalized Gelfand pair
Research paper by G. van Dijk
Indexed on: 07 Dec '08Published on: 07 Dec '08Published in: Russian Journal of Mathematical Physics
Denote by G = GL(n + 1, ℝ) the group of invertible (n + 1) × (n + 1) matrices with real entries, acting on ℝn+1 in the usual way, and let H1 = GL(n, ℝ) be the stabilizer of the first unit vector e0. Let H0 = GL(1, ℝ) and set H = H0 × H1. It is known that the pair (G,H) is a generalized Gelfand pair. Define a character χ of H by χ(h) = χ(h0h1) = χ0(h0) where χ0 is a unitary character of H0 (h0 ∈ H0, h1 ∈ H1). Let σ be the anti-involution on G given by σ(g) = tg. In this note, we show that any distribution T on G satisfying T(h1gh2) = χ(h1h2) T(g) (g ∈ G; h1, h2 ∈ H) is invariant under the anti-involution σ. This result implies that (G,H1) is a generalized Gelfand pair.


text:
Korean needs 4.6 hectares of land for living
By Yi Whan-woo
Korea's ecological footprint, or its demand on the ecosystem, is 1.7 times greater than the global average, according to the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF).
Each Korean requires 4.6 hectares of land to live on, exceeding the world's average of 2.7 hectares, the WWF said in the "Living Planet Report."
The nation placed 29th on the ecological footprint list of 149 countries.
An ecological footprint is a measure of how much biologically productive land and sea people require in order to absorb their waste and produce all the resources they consume. The higher the necessary amount, the longer it takes to regenerate biologically productive land and fishing grounds.
The major components of Korea's footprint were the amount of land and sea needed to offset carbon emissions and fishing.
The country with the highest footprint with 11.85 hectares per person was Qatar, followed by Kuwait with 9.72 hectares and the United Arab Emirates with 8.44 hectares.
The global average is expected to go up as China is undergoing rapid economic development. The country was ranked 72nd with 2.1 hectares per person.
The WWF report said the rate has increased since 1970s. The five biggest challenges the Earth faces are the loss of certain natural habitats, overexploitation of wild species' populations, pollution, climatic change and the increase of specific wildlife species.
It also said the Earth would need to be 1.5 times bigger to produce the resources people are consuming to avoid running out of them, adding it may need to be three times bigger by 2050.


text: John Jeffries was a Boston physician, scientist, and military surgeon with the British army during the Revolutionary War. Jeffries is recognized as the first "weatherman." As noted in a previous column, he was an early balloonist and accompanied Jean-Pierre Blanchard in 1785 as their balloon crossed the English Channel. During the flight, Dr. Jeffries took weather readings with a telescope, timepiece, compass, thermometer, barometer hydrometer — to measure humidity — and an electrometer — to determine electrical activity. He also used a ribbon and scissors to determine the rise and fall of the balloon and a pen and pencil to ascertain if thin air affected their use. Today marks his birthday in 1744, known as National Weatherman's Day. Thanks to Cookies by Design for their Weatherman's Day gifts. Fastcast: Early rain.


Surface of revolution
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
A portion of the curve x=2+cos z rotated around the z axis
A surface of revolution is a surface in Euclidean space created by rotating a curve (the generatrix) around an axis of rotation.[1]
Examples of surfaces of revolution generated by a straight line are cylindrical and conical surfaces depending on whether or not the line is parallel to the axis. A circle that is rotated about any diameter generates a sphere of which it is then a great circle, and if the circle is rotated about an axis that does not intersect the center of a circle, then it generates a torus which does not intersect itself (a ring torus).
The sections of the surface of revolution made by planes through the axis are called meridional sections. Any meridional section can be considered to be the generatrix in the plane determined by it and the axis.[2]
The sections of the surface of revolution made by planes that are perpendicular to the axis are circles.
Some special cases of hyperboloids (of either one or two sheets) and elliptic paraboloids are surfaces of revolution. These may be identified as those quadratic surfaces all of whose cross sections perpendicular to the axis are circular.
Area formula[edit]
If the curve is described by the parametric functions x(t), y(t), with t ranging over some interval [a,b], and the axis of revolution is the y-axis, then the area A_y is given by the integral
 A_y = 2 \pi \int_a^b x(t) \ \sqrt{\left({dx \over dt}\right)^2 + \left({dy \over dt}\right)^2} \, dt,
provided that x(t) is never negative between the endpoints a and b. This formula is the calculus equivalent of Pappus's centroid theorem.[3] The quantity
comes from the Pythagorean theorem and represents a small segment of the arc of the curve, as in the arc length formula. The quantity 2\pi x(t) is the path of (the centroid of) this small segment, as required by Pappus' theorem.
Likewise, when the axis of rotation is the x-axis and provided that y(t) is never negative, the area is given by[4]
 A_x = 2 \pi \int_a^b y(t) \ \sqrt{\left({dx \over dt}\right)^2 + \left({dy \over dt}\right)^2} \, dt.
If the curve is described by the function y = f(x), axb, then the integral becomes
A_x = 2\pi\int_a^b y \sqrt{1+\left(\frac{dy}{dx}\right)^2} \, dx = 2\pi\int_a^bf(x)\sqrt{1+\left(f'(x)\right)^2} \, dx
for revolution around the x-axis, and
A_y =2\pi\int_a^b x \sqrt{1+\left(\frac{dx}{dy}\right)^2} \, dy
for revolution around the y-axis (Using ayb). These come from the above formula.
For example, the spherical surface with unit radius is generated by the curve y(t) = sin(t), x(t) = cos(t), when t ranges over [0,\pi]. Its area is therefore
 &{}= 2 \pi \int_0^\pi \sin(t) \sqrt{\left(\cos(t)\right)^2 + \left(\sin(t)\right)^2} \, dt \\
 &{}= 2 \pi \int_0^\pi \sin(t) \, dt \\
 &{}= 4\pi.
For the case of the spherical curve with radius r \,, y(x) = \sqrt{r^2 - x^2} rotated about the x-axis
 &{}= 2 \pi \int_{-r}^{r} \sqrt{r^2 - x^2}\,\sqrt{1 + \frac{x^2}{r^2 - x^2}}\,dx \\
 &{}= 2 \pi r\int_{-r}^{r} \,\sqrt{r^2 - x^2}\,\sqrt{\frac{1}{r^2 - x^2}}\,dx \\
 &{}= 2 \pi r\int_{-r}^{r} \,dx \\
 &{}= 4 \pi r^2\,
A minimal surface of revolution is the surface of revolution of the curve between two given points which minimizes surface area.[5] A basic problem in the calculus of variations is finding the curve between two points that produces this minimal surface of revolution.[5]
Rotating a function[edit]
To generate a surface of revolution out of any 2-dimensional scalar function y=f(x), simply make u the function's parameter, set the axis of rotation's function to simply u, then use v to rotate the function around the axis by setting the other two functions equal to f(u)\sin v and f(u)\cos v. For example, to rotate a function y=f(x) around the x-axis starting from the top of the xz-plane, parameterize it as \vec r(u,v)=\langle u,f(u)\sin v,f(u)\cos v\rangle for u=x and v\in[0,2\pi].
Geodesics on a surface of revolution[edit]
Geodesics on a surface of revolution are governed by Clairaut's relation.
A toroid generated from a square
A surface of revolution with a hole in, where the axis of revolution does not intersect the surface, is called a toroid.[7] For example when a rectangle is rotated around an axis parallel to one of its edges, then a hollow square-section ring is produced. If the revolved figure is a circle, then the object is called a torus.
Applications of surfaces of revolution[edit]
The use of surfaces of revolution is essential in many fields in physics and engineering. When certain objects are designed digitally, revolutions like these can be used to determine surface area without the use of measuring the length and radius of the object being designed.
See also[edit]
 1. ^ Analytic Geometry Middlemiss, Marks, and Smart. 3rd Edition Ch. 15 Surfaces and Curves, § 15-4 Surfaces of Revolution LCCN 68-15472 pp 378 ff.
 2. ^ Wilson, W.A.; Tracey, J.I. (1925), Analytic Geometry (Revised ed.), D.C. Heath and Co., p. 227
 3. ^ Calculus, George B. Thomas, 3rd Edition, Ch. 6 Applications of the definite integral, §§ 6.7,6.11, Area of a Surface of Revolution pp 206-209, The Theorems of Pappus, pp 217-219 LCCN 69-16407
 4. ^ Singh (1993). Engineering Mathematics (6 ed.). Tata McGraw-Hill. p. 6.90. ISBN 0-07-014615-2. , Chapter 6, page 6.90
 5. ^ a b Weisstein, Eric W.. "Minimal Surface of Revolution". Mathworld. Wolfram Research. Retrieved 2012-08-29.
 6. ^ Catenoid at MathWorld
 7. ^ Weisstein, Eric W., "Toroid", MathWorld.
External links[edit]


text:
principle which states that two triangles are equal if they have two equal
angles and they share a common side is called: rule of isometry
geometry the side of a right triangle opposite the right angle is called: hypotenuse
- Where is
the film placed in relation to the tooth when performing bisecting angle
Along the lingual
surface of the tooth
- List two
ways to stabilize the film during bisecting angle radiography?
- Film holder
- Finger holding method
reasons why the digital method of film stabilization is least desirable?
1. Unnecessary radiation of patient's/client's hand
2. Patient/client may use excessive force to stabilize the film, causing
it to bend and distort the image
3. Patient/client may allow film to slip from its original position,
resulting in inadequate exposure of the area
4. Dental radiographer may align PID incorrectly, due to a lack of a film
holder, causing partial image or cone-cut
- How is
the vertical angulation different when using the bisecting angle technique
compared with paralleling technique?
technique, vertical angulation is directed perpendicular to the film,
whereas with bisecting technique, vertical angulation is directed
perpendicular to the imaginary bisector.
the proper direction of the central ray in the bisecting technique?
angulation of the central beam is directed perpendicular to the imaginary
- Horizontal angulation is directed through the contact areas between the
- X-ray beam has to be centered directly towards the film, to avoid
the distance between the film and tooth in the bisecting technique?
- Film must be
placed against the lingual surfaces of the tooth
- Occlusal end of the film must extend 1/8 of an inch beyond incisal edge
or occlusal surfaces
- The apical end must rest against the palatal or alveolar tissues
- What is
the result when using excessive vertical angulation with bisecting angle
the image results from excessive vertical angulation.
- What is
the result when using insufficient vertical angulation with bisecting
Elongation of the
image results from insufficient vertical angulation
the film placement for bisecting angle radiography with anterior teeth?
images are required for anterior section of the teeth, 4 for maxillary and
3 for mandibular teeth. Film with size No.1 is used. Procedure has to
begin from maxillary left side to maxillary right side, then down to
mandibular right side and finish with mandibular left side. Sequence for
1. Maxillary left canine
2. Maxillary left central and lateral incisor
3. Maxillary right central and lateral incisor
4. Maxillary right canine
5. Mandibular right canine
6. Mandibular incisors
7. Mandibular left canine
- List five
guidelines for film placement when using bisecting angle technique?
1. White side of
the film always faces the teeth
2. Anterior films are always placed vertically
3. Posterior films are always placed horizontally
4. Incisal or occlusal edge of the film has to be 1/8 of an inch extended
beyond incisal edge or occlusal surfaces of the teeth.
- What is
the major advantage of using bisecting angle radiography?
It can be used
without film holder when the anatomy of the patient precludes the use of a
- What are
some disadvantages of using bisecting angle radiography?
1. Image distortion
2. Angulation problems
3. Unnecessary exposure
- What is
the position of the identification dot when bisecting angle radiography?
incisal edge or occlusal surfaces of the tooth.
size film is used most often when performing bisecting angle radiography
on an adult?
film No.1, for posteriors film No.2
- What is
the direction of the central ray when using bisecting angle technique?
Central ray has
to be positioned centrally to the examined area so the film is positioned
in the middle of the central ray. Central ray has to be parallel to the imaginary
technique is preferred for exposure of periapical films?
technique is preferred to the bisecting technique for exposure of
periapical films and should be used whenever possible.


I have tried this problem and don't know where to go:
Show that the area of the Babylonian bullseye is given by A=9/32a^2, where a is the length of the arc (1/3 circumference) also the length of the long transversal of the bull's eye is 7/8a and the the short transversal is 1/2a.
Also known: area of circle = C^2/12, 7/4 = sq root of 3.
Help please!


text:
Bears Discover Fire is a 1990 Hugo Award-winning short story by Terry Bisson. It follows an ordinary man going about his life shortly after bears discover fire. The focus of the story is mostly on the narrator and his nephew and mother.
Story provides examples of:
- Bears Are Bad News: Averted. The bears are not nice, but they aren't mean either. They're just bears.
- Cool Old Lady: The narrator's mother.
- Creepy Uncle: Entirely averted. The narrator is arguably a better parent to his nephew than his nephew's real parents.
- Death Is Such An Odd Thing: The narrator's mixed emotions over his mother's death at the end of the story.
- Inferred Holocaust: The events at the end of the story suggest that the humans and bears won't get along peacefully for long.
- Most Writers Are Human: The fact that bears have discovered fire is the central point to the story, but the focus is still on the human characters. Otherwise averted, as the bears of the story are given few human characteristics.
- Title Drop: Early on in the story.


text:
Change your localized address for Rapida payments
Your localized address is the address associated with your Rapida payments. Follow these instructions if you want to change your localized Rapida address:
- Sign in to your AdSense account at _URL_
- In the left navigation panel, click Payments.
- Click Add payment method.
- Set the radio button to "Rapida settings".
- Click Continue.
- Next, enter your address details and on the last line enter the Rapida form number.
Enter your name and address in Russian characters. Be aware that in the Rapida system, the characters ";" and "/" are not allowed. Use words instead of these characters. The address in Russian must correspond with the Latin variant of the address, otherwise a failure may occur when a payment is made.
Below is an example of correctly completed fields:
First Name: Андрей
Last name: Бобров
Address: 1 Ул. Ленина 15-5
Address (use if address does not fit on the first line)
Rapida template ID: _PHONE_
- Confirm that you have the official documents (for example, passport) and supporting information indicated in the form shown above.
Make sure that the first name and last name in the account correspond precisely with the information in the state-approved proof of identity that you will present when collecting your payment through the Rapida system.
- Click Save changes.
Please note the following: if you set up your payments through the Rapida system after the 15th of the current month, we cannot guarantee the use of this payment method in the upcoming payment cycle. For example, to guarantee that you received your March payment through the Rapida system, you'd need to carry out the steps listed above before April 15.


text:
Sea Garden Motel Pismo
This blog post about Sea Garden Motel Pismo was posted at March 22, 2017 at 7:24 am. It is posted on the Garden category. Sea Garden Motel Pismo is tagged with Sea Garden Motel Pismo, Sea, Garden, Motel, Pismo..
Seasea (sē),USA pronunciation n.
- the salt waters that cover the greater part of the earth's surface.
- a division of these waters, of considerable extent, more or less definitely marked off by land boundaries: the North Sea.
- one of the seven seas;
- a large lake or landlocked body of water.
- the degree or amount of turbulence of the ocean or other body of water, as caused by the wind.
- the waves.
- a large wave: The heavy seas almost drowned us.
- a widely extended, copious, or overwhelming quantity: a sea of faces; a sea of troubles.
- the work, travel, and shipboard life of a sailor: The sea is a hard life but a rewarding one.
- at sea:
- on the ocean.
uncertain: completely at sea as to how to answer the question.Also, asea.
- follow the sea, to pursue a nautical career: Many boys then dreamed of following the sea.
- go to sea:
- to set out on a voyage.
- to embark on a nautical career.
- half seas over, [Slang.]partly or completely drunk: They came home at dawn, looking half seas over.Also, half-seas over.
- put to sea, to embark on a sea voyage: The expedition is nearly ready to put to sea.Also, put out to sea.
- of, pertaining to, or adapted for use at sea.
Gardengar•den (gär′dn),USA pronunciation n.
- a plot of ground, usually near a house, where flowers, shrubs, vegetables, fruits, or herbs are cultivated.
- a piece of ground or other space, commonly with ornamental plants, trees, etc., used as a park or other public recreation area: a public garden.
- a fertile and delightful spot or region.
- [Brit.]yard2 (def. 1).
- pertaining to, produced in, or suitable for cultivation or use in a garden: fresh garden vegetables; garden furniture.
- lead up or down the garden path, to deceive or mislead in an enticing way;
delude: The voters had been led up the garden path too often to take a candidate's promises seriously.
- to lay out, cultivate, or tend a garden.
- to cultivate as a garden.
Motelmo•tel (mō tel′),USA pronunciation n.
- a hotel providing travelers with lodging and free parking facilities, typically a roadside hotel having rooms adjacent to an outside parking area or an urban hotel offering parking within the building.
Sea Garden Motel Pismo have 7 images, they are Sea Garden Motel - Pismo Beach - United States Of America, Sea Garden Motel, Pismo Beach, Booking.com, Booking.com, Sea Garden Motel, Pismo Beach, Photo Of Sea Garden Motel - Pismo Beach, CA, United States, Booking.com. Following are the attachments:
But grey is just a simple color that seems nevertheless simple to fit with additional colors more distinction. So that the shade Sea Garden Motel Pismo that is chosen works for those who desire to employ neutral colors like less, although white. To have the mixture right colour coloring, you must consider these methods and criteria in choosing color combinations. Select a colour to paint the surfaces a vivid color combinations of dull.
The vibrant colors are designed here is not dazzling brilliant colour, because the impression will be truly created by the color mixture of Sea Garden Motel Pismo with dazzling colors sweaty. Choose shades which can be soft or soft although shiny. Like, light turf green, blue, pink, yet others. Even though the combination with different hues that are better nor forbidden, but you should pick the correct combination.


text:
Date of this Version
Soyprotein–jute fiber composites developed using water without any chemicals as the plasticizer show much better flexural and tensile properties than polypropylene–jute composites. Co-products of soybean processing such as soy oil, soyprotein concentrate and soy protein isolates are inexpensive, abundantly available and are renewable resources that have been extensively studied as potential matrix materials to develop biodegradable composites. However, previous attempts on developing soy-based composites have either chemically modified the co-products or used plasticizers such as glycerol. Chemical modifications make the composites expensive and less environmentally friendly and plasticizers decrease the properties of the composites. In this research, soyprotein composites reinforced with jute fibers have been developed using water without any chemicals as plasticizer. The effects of water on the thermal behavior of soyproteins and composite fabrication conditions on the flexural, tensile and acoustic properties of the composites have been studied. Soyprotein composites developed in this research have excellent flexural strength, tensile strength and tensile modulus, much higher than polypropylene (PP)–jute fiber composites. The soyprotein composites have better properties than the PP composites even at high relative humidity (90%).


text:
The Execute Command (QCMDEXC) program is an ibm as400 API that runs a single command.The command runs as if it was not in a program. Therefore, variables cannot be used on the command because values cannot be returned by the as400 command to CL variables. Additionally, commands that can only be used in CL procedures or programs cannot be run by the QCMDEXC program. The format of the call to the QCMDEXC program is the following:
CALL PGM(QCMDEXC) PARM(command command-length)
Enter the command you want to run as a character string on the first parameter. You must specify the command library.
CALL PGM(QCMDEXC ) PARM('QSYS/CRTLIB LIB(TEST)' 22)
Remember that you must enclose the as400 command in single quotation marks if it contains blanks. The maximum length of the character string is 6000 characters; never count the delimiters (the single quotation marks ) as part of the string. The length that is specified as the second value on the PARM parameter is the length of the character string that is passed as the command. Length must be a packed decimal value of length 15 with 5 decimal positions
Example of Using QCMDEXC in an RPGLE Procedure
d Quote C Const(X'7D') d StdCmd S 200A d StdLen S 15P 5 D Execute PR ExtPgm('QCMDEXC') D CmdStr Like(StdCmd) D Options(*VarSize) D Const D CmdStrLen Like(StdLen) Const D* IGCPrcCtl 3 Options( *NoPass ) D* Const *-------------------------------------------------- d var1 S Like(StdCmd) d var2 S Like(stdLen) d Inz(%size(var1)) c eval var1 = c 'CPYTOSTMF' +'' + c 'FROMMBR(' + Quote + c '/QSYS.LIB/LIBNAME.LIB' + c '/QRPGLESRC.FILE/RPG1.MBR' + c Quote + ')'+ c 'TOSTMF(' + Quote + c '/home/test.txt' + c Quote + ')'+ c 'STMFOPT(*REPLACE)' c callp Execute(var1:var2) c eval *inlr = *on
Another example of using QCMDEXC to execute CL commands
* d CmdLength s 15 5 d CmdString s 256 * * Procedure calls * d Command pr EXTPGM('QCMDEXC') d CmdString 256 d CmdLength 15 5 * c eval *inlr = *on //========================================= // *inzsr - One time run subroutine. //========================================= /free begsr *inzsr; cmdstring = 'dlyjob 10'; cmdlength = %len(%trim(cmdstring)); command(cmdstring : cmdlength); endsr; /end-free
* Procedure calls * d RUNCOMMAND PR extpgm('RUNCOMMAND') d CmdString 30 d RUNCOMMAND PI d CmdString 30 * d Command pr EXTPGM('QCMDEXC') d CmdString 30 d CmdLength 15 5 * * Definitions * d CmdLength s 15 5 * c eval *inlr = *on //========================================= // *inzsr - One time run subroutine. //========================================= /free begsr *inzsr; cmdlength = %len(%trim(cmdstring)); command(cmdstring : cmdlength); endsr; /end-free
QCMDEXC could also be called from CL, for instance to run a command dynamically when certain parameters that would be required are not know at run time. In this case calling QCMDEXC from a CL program would be an option. See the QCMDEXC snippet below
CHGVAR VAR(&CMD) VALUE('CHGLIBL LIBL(' *CAT &LIBL + *TCAT ')') CALL PGM(QCMDEXC) PARM(&CMD &LEN)
Managed as400 hosting
More examples of Using QCMDEXC in an as400 RPGLE Procedure to follow.


text:
Yes, you read it right, you can turn your android phone into wireless Speaker. You can use your android phone as a speaker and play music by using laptop or PC. If suppose the speaker of your laptop or PC is not working properly in this case you can use your android phone as a speaker for your device. Follow the below mention steps to achieve this.
It's a very simple task. You just need four things to turn your android phone into wireless speaker:
- Android Phone.
- PC or Laptop.
- Wifi Connection.
- Soundwire Software.
Steps to Turn your Android Phone into wireless Speaker.
In order to turn your android phone into wireless speaker you just need to follow these short and simple steps.
1. First, download the Soundwire software in a PC as well as in android phone and install as well. You can also use some other software rather than Sowundwire but I recommend you to use Soundwire only because it's sound quality is good and there is very less sound lacking.
2. Then open the Soundwire software on PC and save the server address i.e. 192.168.1.8 for later use.
As you can see in the above screenshot the status is disconnected because our android phone is not connected to it. You can also change the input method like a speaker, microphone etc.
3. Now, open the Soundwire application in android phone and enter the server address that is present in Soundwire software in PC i.e. 192.168.1.8.
4. You just need to click on the box above the server to turn your android phone into wireless Speaker. i.e.
and the colour of that box will change and it will show that your android device is successfully turned into a wireless speaker. i.e.
You can also see the connection status is now connected, in the Soundwire desktop application.


What is the function of the hair shaft?
Quick Answer
Hair shafts have various functions, including regulating body temperature, protecting sensitive parts of the body from harm and facilitating the evaporation of sweat, according to Dartmouth University. Hair shafts are the visible part of hair on the surface of the skin.
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What is the function of the hair shaft?
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Full Answer
Hair shafts protect the skin in a variety of ways. For example, the hair on the top of a person's head serves to protect the skull from excessive heat and cold. Hair shafts provide warnings in some instances. If an insect alights on a person's body, the individual often feels the presence of the insect due to the tingling of a hair shaft. Hair shafts in the form of eyelashes help to protect our eyes as well.
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How Are You, performance, durational, 2019
writing a score and performing were all together collaboration with Sohyeon Jenny Eom
During the performance, Jenny and I are building sentence by speaking a word back to back. For example, if I say "HOW" she say "ARE" and then I say "YOU. Since the number of the word in sentence is odd number, like 3 words, or 7 words, person who starts the sentence is rotated. The score were losely woven, so how many times repeated, and which adjectives to say were improvisational.
performance score, written by Woohee Cho and Sohyeon Jenny Eom


text:
入植農家からみた干拓地農業の変容過程-名古屋市近郊鍋田干拓地の事例The Changing Process of Farming on Reclaimed Land from the Settlers Point of View--A Case Study of Nabeta Reclaimed Land in the Suburbs of Nagoya City
This research examines the changing process of farming on reclaimed land, as seen from the changing farming conditions of each settler, in the context of national land reclamation, which took place after the Second World War when agricultural production was increasing.As a case study, I researched the background of 136 settlers who started farming in 1962 on Nabeta Reclaimed Land, Aichi Prefecture, situated at the mouth of Kiso River. I examined the following 3 points : (1) settlement conditions of Nabeta Reclaimed Land, (2) the influence of Typhoon hazards from Ise Bay on the farming behavior of settlers and (3) the influence of urbanization from the metropolitan area Nagoya. The results are as follows : 1) There occurred some differences in farming among settlers, depending upon the time of settlement, their native places, the land condition of their farm and their successors. The difference in farming was most greatly influenced by land conditions based on the time of settlement.2) The changing process of farming in Nabeta Reclaimed Land can be divided into 3 periods : 1 st period (commencement of farming), 2nd period (change in farming) and 3 rd period (settlement of farming).3) The farming conditions of settlers diversified gradually over 3 periods : 1 st period→2 nd period→ 3 rd period (Fig. 11). In the 1 st period, conditions were classified into thetype, mainly composed of field husbandry and animal husbandry. In the 3rd period, conditions could be classified into 4 patterns : field husbandry, animal husbandry, part-time farming and abandonment of farming. These were farming patterns that had been already started during the 2 nd period.4) In comparison with other reclaimed lands in Japan, the following can be considered as regional characteristics of Nabeta Reclaimed Land.First, about 20 percent of all settlers were close relatives of those people who were killed by Typhoon Ise Bay. They were less interested in farming, compared to normal settlers, and quite a few of them gave up farming when farming became diversified.Second, about 10 percent of cultivated land (an area of 302 ha) in Nabeta Reclaimed Land turned out to be owned by residents in Nagoya City. Further, settlers have been unable to make the most of accessibility to big markets, because of the lack of community integration in reclaimed land villages and because of the poor performance of specializing in one farm product.
地學雜誌 107(1), 25-48, 1998


text:
Labour market information tells you about the workplace or labour market. Labour market information describes the condition of the labour market, past and present, as well as future projections. It makes clear where work opportunities are increasing or decreasing, what occupations exist, what you need to study to become a professional in that occupation, what is required to take up an occupation, how one can find a job, change job or progress in a career.
And what about labour market intelligence? Labour market intelligence refers to labour market information that has been analysed and interpreted before presenting it to the public. Essentially most careers information is labour market intelligence. In this toolkit we use the notion of labour market information referring to both labour market information and labour market intelligence.
You can discover the definition of labour market information for lifelong guidance here:
DEFINITION OF LMI FOR LIFELONG GUIDANCE
The labour market information for lifelong guidance is defined as information about the following items:
- Labour market profile and trends including employment, unemployment and earnings outlooks by sector, occupation. Data should be available at a national, regional and local dimension where statistically reliable information and non-disclosive data are available. Basic principles of labour market regulation, laws and labour market policies.
- Trends in skills, including skills needs and mismatches, skills gaps, together with current and future skill demands. The regional and local dimension should be included if statistically reliable and non-disclosive information is available.
- Information on occupations including information on skills requirements, educational background, interests, working conditions, skills shortages, pay and earnings.
- Entry and progressions routes into and through occupations including job vacancies
- Entry and progression routes in education and training in order to gain skills for an occupation, or bridge a skills gap for a desired occupation.
- Career planning information on where to find information and assistance
- Equal opportunities and diversity issues (support measures), and changing workforce profile
What is good labour market information?
The quality standards for labour market information should be high because labour market information has many dimensions (as was shown in the definition) and is not easy to work with. You can find the quality criteria for labour market information for lifelong guidance here.
What is good labour market information for lifelong guidance?
High quality labour market information should have the following characteristics:
- Accuracy (eg statistically reliable)
- Completeness eg in terms of sectors, regions
- Timeliness: recent data, frequently updated
- Relevance to user needs and adapted needs of different user groups
- Attractive and available in different formats (i.e. pictures, infographics, tables, charts, graphs and videos)
- Accessibility: taking into account different capabilities and backgrounds, easy to understand text, access without registration, at low cost or free of charge as much as possible, plus available in electronic and hard copy
- Impartial: the information provided is in accordance with the user's interest only, is not influenced by provider, institutional and funding interests, and does not discriminate on the basis of gender, age, ethnicity, social class, qualifications, ability.
- Have authority
- Comparability of data over time, over different geographical levels
- Include local or regional information in order to show the possibilities in the region where one lives but at the same time in other regions (can encourages mobility)
- Transparent: sources of data are indicated
- Be easy to update
- Forward looking
Some specific points of attention are the following:
- Individuals users expect attractive labour market information. It is important that the labour market information is presented in a visually appealing way in websites, infographs, online tools, brochures, …Moreover, the LMI should be presented in different ways in order to meet different information needs and learning styles (and abilities) of clients. In addition to this, users like to try things out, to experiment, to do something, to have access to inspiring activities at employer's premises.
- In your work, it can be challenge to find a balance between providing neutral and objective career advice based on impartial labour market information and the aim and strategy of the organization you are working for.
- Example 1: career guidance and education by a sector federation is focussing on only one sector whereas opportunities usually exist in a number of sectors;
- Example 2: employment counsellors in public employment services may be forced to seek a balance between case load objectives and fast activation targets on one hand and individual preferences or untapped potential of jobseekers on the other hand.
- Example 3: there is a risk for biased or selective information in brochures promoting educational programmes
- Labour market information can be acquired formally and informally. Formal labour market information is spread over many different sources. There is a wealth of labour market information available online in websites, databases, apps, social media, video's, ….. More specific information on ICT and LMI can be found here
The complexity of labour market information requires good navigation skills. For many clients, it is necessary that career practitioners play a role as an interface between labour market information sources and the clients. Career practitioners adapt, interpret, repack labour market information and use it in to educate, inform, advice and guide clients. How can you do this? Learn more about integration of LMI in lifelong guidance in the next chapter


Determining surface orientations of transparent objects based on polarization degrees in visible and infrared wavelengths
Techniques for modeling an object through observation are very important in object recognition and virtual reality. A wide variety of techniques have been developed for modeling objects with opaque surfaces, whereas less attention has been paid to objects with transparent surfaces. A transparent surface has only surface reflection; it has little body reflection. We present a new method for obtaining surface orientations of transparent surfaces through analysis of the degree of polarization in surface reflection and emission in visible and far-infrared wavelengths, respectively. This parameter, the polarization degree of reflected light at the visible wavelengths, is used for determining the surface orientation at a surface point. The polarization degree at visible wavelengths provides two possible solutions, and the proposed method uses the polarization degree at far-infrared wavelengths to resolve this ambiguity.
J. Opt. Soc. Am. A


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Definitions for underconsumption
This page provides all possible meanings and translations of the word underconsumption
Insufficient consumption (for financial stability)
consumption of less than is produced; consumption of less than the usual amount
In underconsumption theory in economics, recessions and stagnation arise due to inadequate consumer demand relative to the amount produced. The theory formed the basis for the development of Keynesian economics and the theory of aggregate demand after the 1930s. Underconsumption theory narrowly refers to heterodox economists in Britain in the 19th century, particularly 1815 onwards, who advanced the theory of underconsumption and rejected classical economics in the form of Ricardian economics. These economists did not form a unified school, and their theories were rejected by mainstream economics of the time. Underconsumption is an old concept in economics, going back to the 1598 French mercantilist text Les Trésors et richesses pour mettre l'Estat en Splendeur by Barthélemy de Laffemas, if not earlier. The concept of underconsumption had been used repeatedly as part of the criticism of Say's Law until underconsumption theory was largely replaced by Keynesian economics which points to a more complete explanation of the failure of aggregate demand to attain potential output, i.e., the level of production corresponding to full employment.
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text:
District Police Departments
Use of forcible means
When on duty, the police have the right in certain situations to use forcible means that can be considered justifiable. In determining this justifiability, the factors considered include the importance and urgency of the duty, the dangerousness of the resistance being shown and the available resources.
The police are entitled to use forcible means in order to
Only the minimum necessary force is used. The lock to an apartment, for example, will not be broken unless this is urgently required. Instead, the police will acquire a key with which entry can be made without causing any damage.
Use of force is permitted in all types of police duties. While it is most commonly used in uniformed police duties, force may also be used by other police officers when, for example, apprehending offenders. Police officers, as indeed anyone else, also have the right of self-defence.
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Merge between with timeseries in Pandas
Pandas dataframes are a great way of preserving relational database structure while gaining a huge API of vectorized functions for cleaning and analysis. However, I've always been frustrated by a lack of merge between functionality in pandas. So, I've come up with a fairly simple method for returning a merge-between-like result set with good runtime and manageable memory usage, that's also easy to parallelize.
Using SQL, I can easily perform a left join between two datasets on a between condition, that associates my left table key with all matching data from the right table. For example:
ON b.timestamp >= a.start_time
 AND b.timestamp <= a.end_time
will return all the rows in b that have timestamps between the start and end time for each row in a. Admittedly, it can be very slow, but it's a useful process. As of pandas.2, there's no simple way to perform this operation.
Pandas.2 does have merge_asof implemented, which matches a to the nearest entry on b in a specified direction. But for many data analysis applications, I don't want the closest entry, I want all the entries in between. For example, I might want to take the mean over a time period, or do a more sophisticated aggregation. Or, maybe my timestamps aren't perfectly aligned, so I'd rather pull in a range of data for each entry in a and perform an estimation from the values in b. Either way, merge_asof doesn't cut it.
If all the start and end times in a are distinct (no overlapping events), then I can easily interpolate the data in a and b by concatenating, sorting on the timestamp, and boolean masking for data that falls between a the same start and end, though the runtime isn't very good. I don't want to go through the extra data cleaning steps to make my data distinct — which may not be the right approach anyways. Instead, I'm going to use a little iterating and some fancy indexing to return an efficient merge-between-like result set. It's also naturally suited to parallelization, since I can do the operations in distinct chunks (like splitting time series data by date), group by a unique identifier from my left table, and return a condensed result set. Since the condensed result set is at most len(left table), and python clears memory between function calls, I can also manage memory usage by intelligent chunking, and process more data than I can load into working memory at any one time.
Let's create some random data using numpy's methods for sampling with replacement. In this example, I have a website selling merchandise, and three different ad campaigns promoting my website. The ad campaigns are running on multiple channels, and have different spot lengths. I want to know if during the ad spots, there's any notable activity on my website.
Let's say my website sells socks, shirts, pants, backpacks and pencils, and records the time when a user either clicks, adds an item to their cart, or purchases it. This is clearly a bit cleaner than any data you'll ever find in the wild, but gets the job done.
For my advertisement data, I'll assume my ads have three different sets of content, and can be 30, 45, or 60 seconds long. Each ad will also have a unique integer id.
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
PRODUCTS = ['socks','shirt', 'pants', 'backpack', 'pencil']
ACTION_LIST = ['click', 'add_to_cart', 'purchase']
HOURS = [9, 10, 11, 12, 13]
AD_LENGTHS = [30, 45, 60]
AD_CONTENT = ['foo', 'bar', 'baz']
You can use pandas functions to create a series with times, but I want to demonstrate the functionality using timeseries data without any assumptions of regularity.
First, this means that I can use data of arbitrary length and sparsity/density. Many real-world time series data sets are naturally extremely long, with some dense and some sparse periods. Resampling (as much of the pandas documentation recommends) is extremely slow on long data sets. If some of my data is nanoseconds apart, and some of my data is hours apart, resampling to nanoseconds will create an absurdly huge dataframe. Resampling to minutes combines my denser data, and I want to preserve its granularity.
Second, this approach works on time series data after minimal data cleaning. A website might have multiple users performing actions at the same time, so duplicates are valid. I may be running two ads on different channels that overlap with each other — also valid.
The following generates two dataframes, one with my website information, and one with my advertisement information. The website dataframe has 10,000 rows, each representing an action on a product, and the ad dataframe has 200 rows, representing a unique advertisement than ran on 1/1/2017. The website dataframe is sorted by timestamp, and has a timestamp index.
# create a dataframe of random actions at random times
website_actions = pd.DataFrame(data={'product':np.random.choice(PRODUCTS, 10000),
 'action':np.random.choice(ACTION_LIST, 10000),
 'hour':np.random.choice(HOURS, 10000),
# all on the same date
website_actions['year'] = 2017
website_actions['month'] = 1
website_actions['day'] = 1
# coalesce all datetime columns into one timestamp
website_actions['timestamp'] = pd.to_datetime(website_actions[['year','month', 'day', 'hour','minute','second']])
# clean up the df and create a time index
website_actions.drop(['year','month', 'day', 'hour','minute','second'], axis=1, inplace=True)
website_actions = website_actions.sort_values('timestamp').set_index('timestamp')
# do the same thing for ad spots
advertisements = pd.DataFrame(data={'content':np.random.choice(AD_CONTENT, 200),
 'hour':np.random.choice(HOURS, 200),
 'minute':np.random.choice(60, 200),
 'second':np.random.choice(60, 200),
 'ad_length':np.random.choice(AD_LENGTHS, 200),
advertisements['year'] = 2017
advertisements['month'] = 1
advertisements['day'] = 1
advertisements['start_time'] = pd.to_datetime(advertisements[['year','month', 'day', 'hour','minute','second']])
advertisements['end_time'] = advertisements['start_time'] + pd.to_timedelta(advertisements['ad_length'], unit='s')
I try to never iterate over dataframes (or use apply), but in this case, it's necessary, since a given website row can correspond to arbitrarily many ads and vice versa. For each ad, we can index into the website dataframe between the start and end times to find the actions during the ad. If we label each slice with the unique ad id, we can simply concatenate all the slices together and return all the actions during each ad, labeled by the ad id.
ad_actions = []
# pass over the dataframe. Itertuples is the most efficient method, and we don't need an index
for tup in advertisements.itertuples(index=False):
 # use the advertisement start and end times to index into the website df
 site_slice = website_actions[tup.start_time:tup.end_time]
 # label the slice
 site_slice['id'] =
 # add it to the list of slices
# when we're done iterating, concatenate all the slices into our final dataframe
ad_actions = pd.concat(ad_actions)
As mentioned above, an advantage of this method is that you can define your own split-apply-combine functions to use on the chunks of data. Since we preserved the unique ad id for each slice of website data, we can group on the id and easily merge our final results back into the advertisement dataframe to do further aggregations.
One simple analysis task might be to determine which ad content generated the most revenue. Let's say we make $1 for every pair of socks we sell, $2.50 for every shirt, $3.25 for every pair of pants, and $2.75 for every backpack, and we lose $.05 for every pencil we sell. One way of looking at the effectiveness of an ad is comparing to what we could have sold to what we did sell. We could have sold anything that appears in our website dataframe, since that represents items people clicked on, items people added to their carts (but didn't checkout), and final sales. We sold anything that has action = 'purchase'.
# define product revenues
revenue_by_prod = {'socks':1,'shirt':2.5, 'pants':3.25, 'backpack':2.75, 'pencil':-.05}
# every row has potential revenue
ad_actions['potential_revenue'] = ad_actions['product'].replace(revenue_by_prod)
# but it only has real revenue if it was purchased
ad_actions['real_revenue'] = np.where(ad_actions['action'] == 'purchase', ad_actions['potential_revenue'], 0)
# compute the real and potential revenue by ad
revenue_by_ad = ad_actions.groupby('id')[['potential_revenue','real_revenue']].sum()
# missed is potential - real
revenue_by_ad['missed_revenue'] = revenue_by_ad['potential_revenue'] - revenue_by_ad['real_revenue']
# print


In the Spotlight
News & Features
Multi-ethnic families increasing
By Brandt Williams
Minnesota Public Radio
April 10, 2002
The 2000 census was the first opportunity for Minnesotans to report their multi-racial heritage. Without past years of data to compare the numbers to, demographers don't know if the state's mixed race population is larger than 10 years ago. But they do know that the multicultural population is very young. That says a lot about the changing face of Minnesota.
Carlos Gallegos
Carlos Gallego is Hispanic, and his wife, Jeunge Yang-Gallego, is Hmong. They and their three children reflect the changing face of Minnesota - as more residents come from multi-racial and multi-ethnic backgrounds. See a photo of the family.
(MPR Photo/Brandt Williams)
The census data released this week shows people who say they are both American Indian and white make up the majority of Minnesotans who reported multi-racial backgrounds.
The next largest multi-racial group is made up of people who are both black and white. Multi-racial people are more likely to live in Hennepin and Ramsey counties.
The state's multi-racial population is also young. The median age of multi-racial Minnesotans is about 17 - less than half of the median age of all state residents.
Minnesota is still overwhelmingly white. But demographers say this data shows that people of different racial and ethnic backgrounds are putting these differences aside, and having children.
This trend is represented by Camilo Gallego, 8, his brother Julian, 5, sister Elena, 2. On a recent morning, Julian and Elena are eating breakfast in their family's Carver County home while Camilo gets ready for school. Their mother, Jeunge Yang-Gallego, makes Camilo a ball of sticky rice filled with pork to eat before he leaves.
Jeunge is Hmong. Her husband Carlos was born in Minnesota, but his parents came to America from Columbia. Jeunge and Carlos have been married for 10 years.
Jeunge Yang-Gallego
Elena Gallego sits on the lap of her mother, Jeunge Yang-Gallego. Jeunge is Hmong, but her father was Chinese. She and Carlos have been married for 10 years. Both of them say their families were hesistant when they planned to marry someone from a different ethnic background. She and Carlos spoke to MPR's Brandt Williams. Listen to the interview.
(MPR Photo/Brandt Williams)
Carlos says his parents were a little nervous about his decision to marry an Asian woman. Jeunge says at first, her parents didn't want her to marry someone who wasn't Hmong.
"They want you to marry your same culture, because my mom can't speak English and cannot communicate with him, and it's really difficult," says Jeunge. "But later they think - if I'm happy, he's happy - then they agree."
The Gallego children speak Hmong, English and some Chinese and Spanish. Jeunge's father was Chinese. She wants the kids to reflect her Chinese heritage, as well as their Hmong and Latin ties.
According to the census, the Gallego children would be considered multi-ethnic, not multi-racial, since the census categorizes Hispanics as an ethnic group, not a racial group.
Minnesotans who come from at least two racial groups make up less than 2 percent of the state's total population, according to the 2000 census. But demographers say those numbers could increase in coming years.
State demographer Barbara Ronningen says the state is seeing the results of a trend towards interracial marriages.
Gallego children
Julian Gallego, 5, and his two year-old sister, Elena, eat breakfast in their Chaska home on a recent morning. Their brother Camilo is 8. The children speak English and Hmong, as well as some Chinese and Spanish - each language representing part of their parents' ethnic heritage.
(MPR Photo/Brandt Williams)
"It's become a more common thing to see mixed-race children. As that occurs nationally, it also has occurred in Minnesota," says Ronningen. "We probably (have) a much smaller mixed-race population than some states. But we've certainly seen changes - and a more open society perhaps - where you have mixed marriages and as a result, mixed race children."
Another way demographers track the growth of multi-racial populations is through household size. Ronningen says minority and multi-racial populations generally have more children than white families, and that means their numbers are growing.
She says the rate of growth will depend on other factors such as the economy. Ronningen says a faltering job market may cause many minorities - especially those who have just moved to the state - to relocate.
The Gallego family has lived in Chaska since October. The Gallego kids say they don't have any playmates who look like them. But their father Carlos says, like many parts of Minnesota, Chaska is slowly becoming more diverse.
"In the city of Chaska, there's been very little immigration of other cultures until very recently," says Carlos Gallegos. "As an example, there were less than 70 Hispanics in the 1990 census. Now there's over 1,000, just in the area of Chaska alone."
Carlos says on the 2000 census form, he classified his children as Hispanic-Asians.
In the 2000 census, there were a total of 885 people who called themselves Hispanic-Asians in Minnesota.
More Information
 - The Faces of Minnesota The 2000 census


text:
Definitions of spectacular:
- noun: a lavishly produced performance
Example: "They put on a Christmas spectacular"
- adjective: of the nature of spectacle or drama
Example: "Spectacular dives from the cliff"
- adjective: sensational in appearance or thrilling in effect
Example: "A spectacular display of northern lights"
- adjective: having a quality that thrusts itself into attention
Example: "A spectacular rise in prices"
Search for spectacular at other dictionaries: OneLook, Answers.com, Merriam-Webster
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Thermoluminescence dating ceramics
07-Nov-2019 20:40
When heated, this energy is released as a burst of light.
The intensity of the light is proportional to the amount of energy, which in turn corresponds to the length of accumulation time.
XRF testing can be used to analyze virtually any material, but is most commonly used for metal analysis.
The scientific technique of thermoluminescence (TL) is used to evaluate the authenticity of archaeological pottery.
Artemis Testing Lab is the only US-based company that offers comprehensive authentication services using Thermoluminescence (TL), X-Ray fluorescence (XRF) and traditional X-Ray testing methods.
Headed by Serge Fayeulle, Ph D, Artemis Testing Lab provides expert testing / analysis to distinguish between genuine and fake ancient / ethnographic art.
thermoluminescence dating ceramics-26
21 questions to ask a guy your dating
Artemis Testing Lab also offers authentication, a non-destructive analytical technique to determine the elemental composition of materials.Samples require about 100 milligram and the sample collection and handling step is critical. The rate of energy accumulation depends on the amount of background radiation to which the object has been exposed.