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the Kalmar Nyckel or arrived while New Sweden was still in existance. Anna Holstein, a nineteenth century genealogist, wrote that according to family tradition the first Holstein, Matts or Matthias, was a carpenter who was born in New Sweden in 1644 whose father had arrived on the Key of Calmar with Peter Minuit. There is some evidence for this being true. The one passenger on the first voyage of the Kalmar Nyckel (the only voyage with Peter Minuit aboard) who remained to settle in New Sweden was named Claes Jansen. He was a carpenter. The custom at the time was for children to derive their last name from their father's first name, so Claes Jansen's children would have been named Claesson. Indeed, Matts Holstein's original last name was Claesson, and if they were both carpenters, the shared occupation might suggest a family link. However, there are problems with this story. The reason the surname was changed from Claesson to Holstein was most likely because the family was from Holstein, which was then part of the Kingdom of Denmark. Claes Jansen, however, was from Niewkerck, in Holland. A contemporary genealogist, Peter Stebbins Craig, has found a church record indicating Matts Holstein's birthplace as Dittmarschen, in Holstein, in 1642. That pretty much settles things, except for two other church records that appear to provide potential contradictory evidence. I have seen reference to a record in the Old Swedes Church that indicates Matts was baptized there in 1642. The record referred to may be the 1683 Gloria Dei church census (it is not certain because several churches were known as the Old Swedes Church). Stebbins cites that record for determining that Matts Holstein was born in 1642, but he doesn't mention the baptism record. Not having seen the document, I can only guess that difference might be in accuracy of translation. The other record is from a 1693 Gloria Dei church census, where old Matts Holstein is listed, but not marked as a member who was born "in the homeland." If "in the homeland" meant back in Europe, that suggests he was born in New Sweden, but if "in the homeland" meant specifically Sweden, a person born in Holstein would not have been included. Craig also indicates that Matts Holstein came in 1663 to New Amstel, which means he came after the Dutch had incorporated New Sweden into New Amsterdam. New Amstel was the Dutch name for the place that started out as Fort Casimir, then became Fort Trinity [Trefaldigheets], but as New Amstel was then an expanded settlement. One year later, when the English took over, New Amstel became Newcastle [or New Castle]. Craig does not indicate his source for the date nor the name of the ship on which he might have been a passenger. There were two ships that arrived in New Amstel in 1663. The St. Jacob came in July with over a hundred passengers, only a handful of whom were listed by name. In December the Purmerender Kerck arrived with over 150 passengers, only four of whom were named.
It is through the wives of several generations of Matts Holsteins that we can trace at least five ancestors who came to New Sweden aboard the Kalmar Nyckel: Peter Gunnarsson Rambo, Peter Larsson Cock, Sven Gunnarsson, his wife [whose name is not known], and their daughter Gertrude Svensdotter, who was only a year old when she traveled to New Sweden. Three of Peter Larsson Cock's daughters married three of Peter Gunnarsson Rambo's sons, and oldest of these men's granddaughters, Britta Rambo, married Matts Holstein's son, who was also named Matts Holstein. Our connection to Gertrude Svensdotter and her parents is through her great granddaughter, Magdalen or Maudlin Hulings, who married Matthias Holstein, the third in that line with the same name. There most likely were additional ancestors of ours aboard the Kalmar Nyckel, but the records are too incomplete, especially in providing women's names, to provide clear evidence.
There is controversy about the first Matts Holstein's wives. In 1892, Anna Holstein named Britta Gostenburg as his wife. Craig's research, with some speculation, pointed instead to Lasse Cock's eldest sister, who was probably named Helena, as Matts' first wife, with whom he had four sons. After his first wife died, again according to Craig, Matts married his housekeeper Catharina Månsdotter, daughter of Måns Pålsson and Elisabeth Pålsdotter, both of Finnish ancestry. Catharina bore two sons and a daughter.
Tracing Elisabeth Pålsdotter's line back further, her parents Margareta Andersdotter and Pål Jönsson Mullica had come to New Sweden in 1654, a year before New Sweden came to an end. Pål seems to have been a good law-abiding citizen, but Margareta was a bit of a trouble-maker. It was she, not her husband, who made a legal complaint against a neighbor in a land dispute, and after she had became a widow twice, she was found guilty and fined 100 guilders (meant to be a devasting amount so as to discourage potential rebels) by the English government for being a conspirator in the Long Finn Rebellion.
Peter Gunnarsson Rambo was both typical and extraordinary among the New Sweden colonists. Since he was the longest living of the original settlers, he later became known as the Father of New Sweden. It is not known for sure whether or not he came to New Sweden voluntarily. He was indentured by the company to plant tobacco on the New Sweden Company's plantation just outside the fort. It is also not known whether his ethnicity was Swedish or Finnish. He was living in Gothenburg before he came to New Sweden, but many Finns were living there then, and his wife was from a Finnish region of Sweden, although he did not marry her until he had been in New Sweden for eight years (and three years after he had become a freeman). In 1644, upon his freedom, he had relocated to the eastern shore of the Schuylkill River in what is now West Philadelphia [If you are interested in seeing the old Rambo haunts, you will likely be disappointed, since the land is now occupied by a Sun Oil refinery]. He became a prosperous farmer, orchardist, and something of a land speculator. He made his mark rather than sign his name on some legal documents, but that does not necessarily mean he could not read and write. His mark on one document was simply the letters P R B, and in another a very stylized X:
The senior Rambo was honored and trusted enough that he served as a ruling judge of Upland Court even as the control of the colony changed from Swedish to Dutch to English. When Upland Court was finally ended when the colony of Pennsylvania was created, Rambo continued to serve as a judge. He didn't always get along with the authorities, however. In 1654, he was charged by Governor Printz for illegally selling grain to the Dutch, and in turn, he was one of the twenty-two freemen who signed the petition of complaint against Governor Printz. Peter Rambo's word was also valued by his Indian neighbors, and through his actions an armed conflict with the Indians was prevented. In 1668, Rambo met with members of the Mantas Indians after two members of the tribe had murdered three settlers. Rambo convinced those he met with to pledge to capture the two fugitives and return them to justice in the English courts. Only one was caught and returned, but the crisis was averted. As part of the settlement, Rambo informed the English authorities that the "Indyans in those parts have desired that there be an absolute prohibicon upon the whole River on selling Strong Liquors to the Indyans." After his long life and public service, Rambo was so revered by his church that after his death, when a new building, the Gloria Dei, was constructed, instead of moving Rambo's grave, they built the church around his remains.
Information about old Peter Rambo is found in an addenda of notes to a supplementary diary published as an appendix to Peter Kalm's Travels in North America. Kalm's travelogue of his adventures from 1748 to 1751 has been available in English since 1770, but his supplementary diary was first translated in 1937. In an entry on the early Swedish settlers, Kalm reports on a conversation with Peter Rambo, grandson of Peter Gunnarsson Rambo, on 30 January 1749. The grandson told him that the elder Peter Rambo told the English that his hands had been the very first to sow seeds in the settlement of New Sweden. He also spoke of apple seeds and other tree and garden seeds that old Peter brought with him in a box. The Rambo apple is now a rare variety, but it was once very popular, especially in the mid-Atlantic states. The first Rambo apple tree might have been grown from a seed in that box. The seeds may have come from Sweden, but it is also possible that he had picked up seeds while in port in Holland, since he resided there for most of a year waiting for repairs and the hiring of a new crew. If the


text:
LM10 Battery Voltage Threshold Indicator
A battery threshold indicator circuit shown in the schematic diagram below has current regulation mechanism in driving the LED. A sufficient current should be satisfied at the minimum voltage but no excessive current when the voltage is at the highest level. Balance pin (5) is used as the reference voltage for regulating the current. This pin generate 23 mV, which is internally temperature compensated.
When the voltage on the reference-feedback terminal (8) drops below 200 mV, the reference output (1) rises to supply the feedback voltage to the op amp through D2, so the LED current drops to zero. The minimum threshold voltage for these circuits is basically imited by the bias voltage for the LEDs. Typically, this is 1.7V for red, 2V for green and 2.5V for yellow. These two circuits can be made to operate satisfactorily for threshold voltages as low as 2V if a red diode is used. [National Semiconductor Application Note]
This battery voltage threshold indicator circuit overcomes the difficulties caused by voltage change across the diode biasing resistor. [Circuit's schematic diagram source: National Semiconductor Application Note]

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


This Shamanic feather wand was handmade in Mexico. It's made with palo santo, turkey feather and clear quartz crystal. A sacred grounding tool that connects with the spirit of air. This want can be used for many different things depending on the ritual or ceremony. Uses include:
 - Clearing negative energies in while smudging
 - Summoning clear communication from your guides, ancestors or higher self
 - Connecting to the bird spirit animal as a form of lesson to rise above obstacles through wisdom and inner gnosis.
Shamanic Feather Wand {Handmade}


text:
How to Find Your Ring Size:
- Please measure the finger you will be wearing the ring on.
- Your fingers will swell slightly during the day, as well as in warmer climates, so be sure to measure your finger at the end of the day, and in a warmer temperature.
- If you're measuring your non-dominant hand, your dominant hand (the one you write with) will be approximately half a size larger.
- 3 MM is about 1/8 of an inch
- If you are considering a wide band ring, move up one size from your measurement, this will result in a much more comfortable ring wearing experience for you.
- This table is based on standard American sizes.
- Please bear in mind that these methods of finding your ring size are guides only and cannot be 100% accurate.
||Ring Diameter in MM
||Ring Circumference in MM


text: The remarkable capability of planarian regeneration is mediated by a group of adult stem cells referred to as neoblasts. Although these cells possess many unique cytological characteristics (e.g. they are X-ray sensitive and contain chromatoid bodies), it has been difficult to isolate them after cell dissociation. This is one of the major reasons why planarian regenerative mechanisms have remained elusive for a long time. Here, we describe a new method to isolate the planarian adult stem cells as X-ray-sensitive cell populations by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). Dissociated cells from whole planarians were labeled with fluorescent dyes prior to fractionation by FACS. We compared the FACS profiles from X-ray-irradiated and non-irradiated planarians, and thereby found two cell fractions which contained X-ray-sensitive cells. These fractions, designated X1 and X2, were subjected to electron microscopic morphological analysis. We concluded that X-ray-sensitive cells in both fractions possessed typical stem cell morphology: an ovoid shape with a large nucleus and scant cytoplasm, and chromatoid bodies in the cytoplasm. This method of isolating X-ray-sensitive cells using FACS may provide a key tool for advancing our understanding of the stem cell system in planarians.


text:
Background: Dexmedetomidine is a highly selective α 2- adrenoceptor agonist used for short-term sedation of mechanically ventilated patients. The analgesic profile of dexmedetomidine has not been fully characterized in humans. Methods: This study was designed to compare the analgesic responses of six healthy male volunteers during stepwise target-controlled infusions of remifentanil and dexmedetomidine. A computer-controlled thermode was used to deliver painful heat stimuli to the volar side of the forearms of the subjects. Six sequential 5-s stimuli (ranging 41° to 50°C) were delivered in random order. The recorded visual analog scale was used to fit an Emax model. Results: Compared to baseline, remifentanil infusions resulted in a right shift of the sigmoid curve (increased T 50, the temperature producing a visual analog scale score of 50% of the maximal effect, from 46.1°C at baseline to 48.4° and 49.1°C during remifentanil infusions) without a change of the steepness of the curve (identical Hill coefficients γ during baseline and remifentanil). Compared to baseline, dexmedetomidine infusions resulted in both a right shift of the sigmoid curve (increased T 50 to 47.2°C) and a decrease in the steepness of the curve (decreased γ from 3.24 during baseline and remifentanil infusions to 2.45 during dexmedetomidine infusions). There was no difference in the pain responses between baseline and after recovery from remifentanil infusions (identical T 50 and γ). Conclusion: As expected, dexmedetomidine is not as effective an analgesic as the opioid remifentanil. The difference in the quality of the analgesia with remifentanil may be a reflection of a different mechanism of action or a consequence of the sedative effect of dexmedetomidine.
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine


text:
Mayors of major European cities have demonstrated their commitment to create a Europe where people come first.
At the EUROCITIES conference, attended by more than 500 participants, the mayors of Edinburgh, Ghent and Stockholm were the first to sign EUROCITIES Declaration on Citizens' Engagement, pledging to:
- involve citizens in a dialogue about our common future
- inspire all levels of government to create societies where people come first
- impact the way decisions are taken in Europe
As the closest level of government to citizens, cities are crucial in shaping the future of Europe. More than 90 cities have taken part in EUROCITIES 'Cities4Europe – Europe for citizens' campaign this year, which has highlighted positive examples of citizen engagement around Europe, and set examples for other cities and levels of government. 10 top citizens' messages, collected from hundreds, were also shared with delegates.
Cities have been experimenting and innovating with new forms of participatory democracy, to support traditional representative democracy. This is central to successfully respond to pressing public concerns such as climate change, social cohesion, housing and employment.


text:
The Rudolph Walker Foundation Objectives are:
1. To provide young people with a sense of purpose.
2. To recognise that different people have different talent and skills, which need to be nurtured individually and sympathetically to help them fulfil those talents and skills.
3. To understand that self-esteem is crucial to the development of responsibility and ambition in young people; and to develop self-esteem through team work and common objectives and goals.


bio-0.5: A bioinformatics library
This implements a number of filters used in the Titanium pipeline, based on published documentation.
Discarding filters
type DiscardFilter = ReadBlock -> BoolSource
DiscardFilters determine whether a read is to be retained or discarded
discard_empty :: DiscardFilterSource
This filter discards empty sequences.
discard_key :: String -> DiscardFilterSource
Discard sequences that don't have the given key tag (typically TCAG) at the start of the read.
discard_dots :: Double -> DiscardFilterSource
 1. The dots filter discards sequences where the last positive flow is before flow 84, and flows with >5% dots (i.e. three successive noise values) before the last postitive flow. The percentage can be given as a parameter.
discard_mixed :: DiscardFilterSource
 1. The mixed filter discards sequences with more than 70% positive flows. Also, discard with 30% noise, 20% middle (0.45..0.75) or <30% positive.
discard_length :: Int -> DiscardFilterSource
Discard a read if the number of untrimmed flows is less than n (n=186 for Titanium)
Trimming filters
type TrimFilter = ReadBlock -> ReadBlockSource
TrimFilters modify the read, typically trimming it for quality
trim_sigint :: TrimFilterSource
 1. Signal intensity trim - trim back until <3% borderline flows (0.5..0.7). Then trim borderline values or dots from the end (use a window).
trim_primer :: String -> TrimFilterSource
 1. Primer filter This looks for the B-adaptor at the end of the read. The 454 implementation isn't very effective at finding mutated adaptors.
trim_qual20 :: Int -> TrimFilterSource
 1. Quality score trimming trims using a 10-base window until a Q20 average is found.
Utility functions
dlength :: [a] -> DoubleSource
List length as a double (eliminates many instances of fromIntegral)
avg :: Integral a => [a] -> DoubleSource
Calculate average of a list
clipFlows :: ReadBlock -> Int -> ReadBlockSource
Translate a number of flows to position in sequence, and update clipping data accordingly
clipSeq :: ReadBlock -> Int -> ReadBlockSource
Update clip_qual_right if more severe than previous value


text:
I don't know about OpenCV, so I can't tell you what
cv.GetMat() does. Apparently, it returns something that can be used as or converted to a two-dimensional array. The C or C++ interface to OpenCV that you are using will probably have a similarly names function.
The following lines create an array of index pairs of the entries in
grey_image_as_array that are bigger than
3. Each entry in
non_black_coords_array are zero based x-y-coordinates into
grey_image_as_array. Given such a coordinates pair
y, you can access the corresponsing entry in the two-dimensional C++ array
The Python code has to avoid explicit loops over the image to achieve good performance, so it needs to make to with the vectorised functions NumPy offers. The expression
grey_image_as_array > 3 is a vectorised comparison and results in a Boolean array of the same shape as
numpy.where() extracts the indices of the
True entries in this Boolean array, but the result is not in the format described above, so we need
zip() to restructure it.
In C++, there's no need to avoid explicit loops, and an equivalent of
numpy.where() would be rather pointless -- you just write the loops and store the result in the format of your choice.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
The James Laurie Prize was established by the Society on October 1, 1912, and is named in honor of the first President of the Society. In the period from 1912 through 1965, the prize was awarded under the rules for the Thomas Fitch Rowland Prize for the paper judged to be next in order of merit. By action of the Board of Direction in October 1964, beginning in 1966, the prize is now awarded on the basis of contributions to the advancement of transportation engineering. It is administered by the
Transportation and Development Institute
through the Honors and Awards Program.


text:
Cartographica 1.4 can send information along to a WFS server in order to limit the amount of information which is sent back to it. However, this functionality requires knowledge of both the layer information and a bit of how WFS works as well. The additional filter information can be pasted directly into the Filter box in the window and will be passed along to the WFS server as part of the retrieval instructions.
The specifics of what field names, values, and operations are allowed will be dependent upon your particular WFS server, but here is an example that we have used in-house to give you an idea of what these look like:
To break this down, the server is to look at the property named "DATE_" and compare it to only allow features which have values greater than '2012-09-15'.
More complex filters are also allowed, basically anything that can be formed with valid WFS, however, they can get complex to format. Here is an example of a filter which looks at the "DATE_" field from above, and also looks at the "SOURCE" field and requires it to be equal to "BIC".
It's not simple, but it is effective.


text:
Why do airports need to identify strike remains to species?
Not all bird strikes are created equal. For example, the number of bird strikes increases during the summer months at all airports in Canada. However, the risk level is not necessarily correlated with the number of birds struck because the risk is related to the size and flocking behaviour of the bird. Therefore, a simple count of bird strikes gives no indication of risk.
Airports need to wean themselves from simply counting strike numbers because those numbers are relatively meaningless. Is 20 swallow strikes comparable to 20 duck strikes? Certainly not. A blood smear on an aircraft or a piece of a bird recovered after a strike is not "just another strike". Airports need to know what species are being struck in order to adjust wildlife control measures to address the hazard. We need to measure strike rates by hazardous species not by a simple count of strikes. A strike record without species identification is very minimal information especially if there are few or no species identified in an airport's strike history. Not only does accurate bird strike identification indicate the strike hazard, compilation of strikes by species allows airports to accurately determine the strike risks and develop a program to reduce those risks.
BSC offers unique Bird Identification services for our corporate members. Our bird identification services are divided into 3 groups:
|Group 1||Group 2||Group 3|
|Photos: Basic Bird Identification when you have an intact (or relatively intact) animal. This service is free.||Feather Sample (when all you have are a collection of feathers but no intact animal): The Cowan Tetrapod Avian Forensics Morphology Initiative, University of British Columbia Beaty Biodiversity Museum, uses feather-to-feather comparisons and feather down expanded node microscope techniques to identify feathers. BSC corporate members receive a discounted price of $200 per sample.||DNA Sample (when you only have a blood smear or some animal tissue): The Canadian Centre for DNA Barcoding, University of Guelph will do a genetic analysis of the material to identify the species involved. BSC corporate members receive a discounted price of $150 per sample.|
Group 1 - Photos: Basic Bird Identification when you have an intact (or relatively intact) animal
BSC is using its internal expertise to identify or confirm the identification of any strikes that occurred on a Canadian Airport. This service is free. Bird identification labs find that a significant proportion of bird strike identifications are wrong. Send us a couple of photos of each of your strikes and we can confirm your identification and help you improve your bird strike data. As well, we will archive your photos as part of the bird strike database. Here is Bird Strike Canada Photo ID Protocol.
Send pictures to _EMAIL_
Group 2 - Feather Sample (when all you have are a collection of feathers but no intact animal):
The Cowan Tetrapod Avian Forensics Morphology Initiative, University of British Columbia Beaty Biodiversity Museum offers feather identification services. The normal fee is $300. BSC members receive a discounted price of $200 per sample.
Before sending samples, please send an email outlying how many and what type of feather samples (e.g., whole feather, feather pieces) to Ildiko Szabo, a Society of Forensic Science (SWFS) certified Avian Forensic Morphologist. All sample labels must include date, location found, flight information if available, and your case number. (Suggested case number: Airport Code – Date (DDMMYY)-airline code, flight number, 24 hour clock time)
Please email: _EMAIL_
Ship samples to:
SWFS Certified Forensic Scientist
Cowan Tetrapod Collection UBC Beaty Biodiversity Museum
2212 Main Mall Vancouver, BC Canada V6T 1Z4
Group 3 - DNA Sample (when you only have a blood smear or some animal tissue):
The Canadian Centre for DNA Barcoding, University of Guelph will do a genetic analysis of the material to identify the species involced. BSAC corporate members receive a discounted price of $150 per sample. If you send in a batch of 5 samples at once, you only pay for 4!
The Canadian Centre for DNA Barcoding (CCDB) is committed to supporting airport safety by using advanced DNA technologies to deliver accurate & affordable species identifications for wildlife collisions involving civilian and military aircraft. Airports must use the CCDB Form and follow the simple collecting and packaging instructions at the bottom of the form to submit samples.
Don't forget to read instruction below and fill the CCDB Form.
For more information contact:
Evgeny Zakharov, Director of Laboratory Operations
Please email: _EMAIL_ and cc to _EMAIL_


text:
Blind woman vocabulary lesson | University of Illinois Archives
Blind woman vocabulary lesson
An instructor places an object in a blind woman's hand so as to familiarize her with it.
University of Illinois Archives
Director's Office Photograph File, 1956-88 Series 1: Photographs Box 1 Folder 12: Physical Therapy and Functional Training, 1963-88
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Rehabilitation Education Services Division
Copyright of this image is held by the University of Illinois. Please contact us if you would like to purchase a high-resolution copy of the image.


text:
Hush Puppies Recipe
A fish fry and barbecue staple, hush puppies are made from a six-ingredient batter, which is dropped by spoonfuls into hot oil to cook. You can make them yourself—we walk you through the steps.
History of Hush Puppies
So, how did hush puppies get their name? They were perhaps the original treat (aka bribe) for Fido. Legends tell how Southern fishermen and Civil War soldiers first made the golden nuggets from scraps just to toss to barking and begging dogs with the command to "Hush, puppy."
1. The Batter: Stire 10 times around the bowl—just until the dry and liquid ingredients are barely combined together. Overmixing causes a tough texture.
2. The Pot: Use a pot that is at least 6 inches deep and fits the largest element on your cooktop. Our Test Kitchen had excellent results frying this hush puppy recipe in both a 6-qt. Dutch oven and in a deep cast-iron skillet. We also tried an electric deep-fat fryer with a temperature control dial and found that the batter stuck to the basket, and the temperature did not get hot enough to properly fry the hush puppies. So stick with the old-fashioned pot-on-a-stove method.
3. The Oil: A clean ruler placed in the pot can help you determine the line for a 2- to 3-inch depth of oil. Don't skimp; the batter needs to submerge in the oil. For great results, the oil needs to maintain 375°. Too low and the hush puppies absorb oil; too high and the outside burns before the inside is done. Plan to adjust the temperature dial on your range slightly up or down throughout the frying to keep the temperature at 375°. A candy/deep-fat fry thermometer is a must.
4. The Drop: You can drop the hush puppy batter using two soup-size spoons sprayed with vegetable cooking spray or a 1 tablespoon-measure ice-cream scoop.
5. The Flip: Sometimes hush puppies will flip themselves over. Use a slotted spoon or frying utensil to turn the rest so they cook evenly.
6. The Finish: Hush puppies are usually done at the point you think they might need to cook longer—when the rough bumps or high spots are rich golden brown. Oil may be used for one more fry job if stored properly. After all the hush puppies are cooked, let the oil cool thoroughly. To remove cooked particles, strain the oil through a fine wire-mesh strained lined with cheesecloth or a coffee filter. Use a funnel to pour the oil into an empty vegetable oil bottle or a disposable plastic container with a lid. Label, date, and store in the fridge; use within one month.
Browse our How to Cook category for a full collection of recipes for all meal types and from all locations around the world!


Take the 2-minute tour ×
I am learning tasker and reading up tutorial on _URL_
If you look at the picture,
you can see the two same tasks "Set Widget Icon".
Is that a typo, or something I do not understand?
enter image description here
Also, what is the benefit of toggle? Why is the property ternary, not just off and on? Can you please help with a practical example?
Thanks much.
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Yes, that seems to be a typo: the conditions should be If %WIFI ~ on and If %WIFI!~ on (or If %WIFI ~ off).
The %WIFI variable can only be on or off, not toggle. But the Wifi action can be used to enable, disable or toggle Wifi, i.e. if Wifi is enabled, it will be disabled, and if Wifi is disabled, it will be enabled.
The example (minus the typo) talks about creating a "Toggle Wifi" widget: if Wifi is on and you click the icon, Wifi will be disabled and the icon will be changed to a "Wifi is off" icon. And if Wifi is off and you click the icon, Wifi will be enabled and the icon will be changed to a "Wifi is on" icon.
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text:
SCIENTIFIC NAME: Koelreuteria paniculata
COMMON NAME: panicled golden-rain tree, goldenraintree, varnish tree
FLOWERS: Big, yellow panicle (1' long) flowers in late May to early June.
LEAVES: Odd pinnately compound leaves with the coarsely serrated leaflet having a small wing near the petiole. Usually 7 to 15 leaflets/leaf.
FRUIT: Bladder-like to 2" long in summer. Seed nestled inside. At first purplish and then brown.
GROWTH HABIT: Grows 15' to 30' tall. Can be single or multi-trunked (severe renewal prune when young).
OTHER: A tough plant that can withstand heat and wind. Prefers full sun. Is a good tree for a small area, specimen tree, etc. Hardy from zones 5 to 9. Has a very lightweight, but strong wood. A member of the Sapindaceae family.


I have seen often that characters in One Piece have their weird (read: at times irritating) signatures. Is there any specific reason for them?
For example, in the picture below, Vito has rorero as his signature. These suffixes sometimes kill the entire feel of the scene, which is why I was wondering why were they so important to have in the first place.
In One Piece, many characters are known to laugh in unusual ways by either adding to the typical "haha" or using different syllables entirely. These laughter patterns are often unique to individuals and may be based on their personalities or appearances. Some of the especially weird laughs are different in translated versions; for example, Caesar's "shurororo" becomes "shuhohoho" in the English manga. It should be noted that laughing style of "Fufufufu" or "Ufufufufu" is a common Japanese laughing style used for mature women in anime and manga. In addition, the common phrase "Arara" is not a laugh, but rather the Japanese version of "Oh my, oh my, oh my".
Source link below
click here
 - While this link may answer the question, it is better to include the essential parts of the answer here and provide the link for reference. Link-only answers can become invalid if the linked page changes. - From Review – Happy Face Jan 25 '17 at 12:02
 - done _USER_ – rahul Jan 25 '17 at 12:15
One Piece does quite a bit across the long franchise to ensure that every plot character is remembered in a different way. In addition to being drawn differently having different suffixes or having a different laugh serves as a tool to help establish that character as a unique identity.
Caesar, Doflamingo,Gekko Moria and numerous others in the show, the manga and the movies all make use of this.
In addition to suffixes and laughs there is also gestures, like Brook asking to see your panties or chopper hiding the wrong way that are also unique to add differentiation to each character.
In summation, the above are all tropes commonly used in anime to add individuality to each character.
I could ask you a similar question. Why do so many characters in One Piece have weird laughter styles?
Well, that's because it's a characteristic of the series. Characters laugh in specific ways (gabababa, dereshishishi, horohorohoeo etc), as well as have certain catchphrases that they repeat, like the zipper-mouth guy of CP9 - Fukuro, as well as many other characters.
It's just how the universe of One Piece operates. You shouldn't question this if you want to keep your sanity intact.
 - 1
 This is not an answer to this question – Bálint Jan 19 '17 at 7:59
 - Yes it is. You clearly didn't read the answer you (most likely) downvoted. I advise checking the answer again. It explains the quirks of One Piece -- the catchprases that characters have as well as their laughter styles. It all ties in together. – a25bedc5-3d09-41b8-82fb-ea6c353d75ae Jan 19 '17 at 23:28
 - I didn't downvote – Bálint Jan 20 '17 at 6:23
 - You're speaking about laughter, the question asks about suffixes. They aren't the same. – Bálint Jan 20 '17 at 6:24
 - _USER_ but I mentioned both... I compared thee two (the catch-phrases and laughter styles), as these are both characteristics of the show... – a25bedc5-3d09-41b8-82fb-ea6c353d75ae Jan 20 '17 at 17:40
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Four-Wave Mixing
Four-Wave Mixing is one of the four Non-linear attributes in optical fiber communication. As the name indicates, the fourth wave gets generated when three (or even two) distinct signals travel together. Four-wave mixing (FWM), which is also called four-photon mixing, occurs when the interaction of two or three optical waves at different wavelengths generates new optical waves, called mixing products or sidebands, at other wavelengths.
This interaction of waves occurs between signals in multiple-channel systems, between OA ASE noise and a single channel, as well as between the main mode and side modes of a single channel. In the case of two signals, the intensity modulation at their beat frequency modulates the fiber refractive index and produces a phase modulation at a difference frequency.
The phase modulation creates two sidebands at frequencies given by this difference. In the case of three signals, more and stronger mixing products are produced, which will fall directly on adjacent signal channels when the channel spacings are equal in frequency. Two optical waves propagating along a fiber produce FWM with high efficiency if the phase matching condition is achieved between sidebands and initial signals.
Author: Fiber
Chief Editor of Fiber Optic Mania Magazine


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Tectonic Map of the Scotia Arc, Misc 3
Series: BAS Miscellaneous
Size: 92 x 121 cm
Description: This full-colour map illustrates the tectonic history of the Scotia arc, between southern South America, South Georgia and the Antarctic Peninsula. It summarizes the land geology of the Scotia arc, its marine geology and its geophysics; layer tinting dramatically displays the bathymetry of the Scotia Sea.


Sharing property with the elderly
Sharing property with the elderly
Sharing a property with an elderly relative may seem to be the perfect answer to rising property prices, and concerns over care for the elderly, but people contemplating such an arrangement should be aware of the legal and practical problems which may arise. There are a number of different ways to share property, but an equal number of pitfalls, whether legal, financial or relating to tax.
Some preliminary considerations
Whatever arrangement is under consideration it is important for there to be frank discussions beforehand about how the relationship will work. Issues which need to be covered include:
 - How will bills be paid - by whom and in what proportions?
 - What facilities will be provided - are there any "rules" about use of rooms?
 - What level of support will be provided to the elderly person - for example, companionship; preparation of meals; laundry; shopping
 - When will the relationship come to an end, for example, due to the increasing needs of elderly person or a breakdown in the personal relationship?
 - If there are to be financial consequences, either during the elderly person's lifetime, or on death, then these need to be discussed with other family members, particularly those who may be expecting to inherit
Options for sharing property
Some of the more common options for sharing property are:
1. The Elderly Person Moving in with Relatives
In many ways, this is the simplest solution. Although no legal documentation is necessary, it may be helpful to draw up a licence recording some of the issues referred to above, particularly covering the circumstances in which the elderly person is to move out. The position may be complicated if the elderly person originally owned the house and gifted it to the relatives now living there, or if a capital contribution is made e.g. to pay off the mortgage. Professional advice should be sought in such circumstances.
2. Building a "Granny flat"
Extending an existing property to build a "granny flat" is more complicated both in terms of the planning and building regulation consent which is likely to be required, and the financing of the extension. If the elderly person contributes towards the cost, then is this a loan, or gift, or is the elderly person to have ownership of part of the property?
If the older person gains an interest in the property, then what will happen if the property has to be sold, e.g. in the event of financial problems or divorce? There may also be an issue if the elderly person needs to move into a care home, and the local authority carries out a financial assessment. For all these reasons it is important that appropriate legal documentation is drawn up to reflect the nature of the financing.
Different inheritance tax (IHT) consequences flow depending on the nature of the financial contribution. If the elderly person has a share in the property then it will form part of their estate on death; and this may also be the case if the money is a gift (if the gift with reservation of benefit rules are deemed to apply).
3. Moving into the Elderly Person's house
Younger people may decide to move into an elderly relative's house on the understanding that they will provide certain care services, in return for a share in the property, either immediately or on death. Whatever arrangement is reached should be documented properly, in order to ensure that it is enforceable and to avoid adverse tax consequences. It is advisable that other family members are involved in discussions and are happy with what is proposed. Some of the potential problems are:
 - A gift by the older person will still be subject to IHT until they have survived 7 years since the date of the gift
 - If an older person moves into a care home shortly after making the gift, then the local authority may seek to claw it back to form part of the estate
 - A "promise" to leave property to someone after death which is not reflected in a will may be enforceable - but it gives rise to complicated legal and factual arguments
4. Joint Purchase of Property
Sometimes both parties may decide to sell their properties and buy a new home in which they can all live, thus saving the costs of running two households and enabling some element of care and support to be provided to the older party. In these cases, it is important to identify who will own the property i.e. whether the older person is making a gift or loan of the money, or whether all contributing parties will be co-owners.
As mentioned previously if the money is intended as a gift it will be exempt from inheritance tax provided the donor lives for 7 years. If the money is a loan, then it remains part of the older person's estate for IHT purposes. If the parties are to be co-owners, then a declaration of trust needs to be drawn up recording their percentage interests in the property.
It is particularly important in these circumstances to document what will happen if any of the family relationships involved break down.
How we can help
We can advise on the drafting of loan documents, licences or declarations of trust necessary to record the parties' intentions, and on the tax consequences of what is involved, as well as the impact on any assessments which the local authority may carry out.


the denormal range instead of being flushed to zero as soon as the value is too small to represent with normalization. This default is the same default established by I64 at process startup. LIB$WAIT Problem and Solution
The use of LIB$WAIT in code ported to OpenVMS I64 can cause unexpected results. An example in C follows.
float wait_time = 2.0;
On OpenVMS I64 systems, this code sends an S_FLOATING into LIB$WAIT. LIB$WAIT expects an F_FLOATING, and gives a FLTINV exception.
LIB$WAIT can accept three arguments. The previous code sequence can be rewritten with LIB$WAIT using three arguments to run correctly on both I64 and Alpha systems. The following revised code works correctly when compiled without the /FLOAT qualifier:
_TAG_ __ia64
 int float_type = 4; /* use S_FLOAT for I64 */
 int float_type = 0; /* use F_FLOAT for Alpha */
 float wait_time = 2.0;
A better coding method is to include LIBWAITDEF (from SYS$STARLET_C.TLB) in your application and then specify the floating point data types by name. This code can be maintained more easily.
LIBWAITDEF includes the following symbols:
The following example shows how to include libwaitdef.h in the code and how to specify the floating-point data type names. This example also assumes that the program is not compiled with /FLOAT.
_TAG_
_TAG_ __ia64
 int float_type = LIB$K_IEEE_S; /* use S_FLOAT for IPF */
 int float_type = LIB$K_VAX_F; /* use F_FLOAT for Alpha */
 float wait_time = 2.0;
4.8.5 Incorrect Command Table Declaration
An incorrect declaration of a command table in code ported to OpenVMS I64 can cause unexpected results. For example, for an application, the Command Definition Utility is used to create an object module from a CLD file. The application then calls CLI$DCL_PARSE to parse command lines. CLI$DCL_PARSE may fail with:
%CLI-E-INVTAB, command tables have invalid format - see documentation
The code must be modified so that the command table is defined as an external data object.
For example, if in an application, on VAX and Alpha, the command table (DFSCP_CLD) is incorrectly declared in a BLISS module as:
This should be changed to
Or if it was in a FORTRAN module incorrectly declared as:
then it should be changed to
Similarly, in an application written in C, if the command tables previously were defined as follows:
int jams_master_cmd();
The code should be changed to be an external reference:
extern void* jams_master_cmd;
The changed, correct declaration works on all platforms: VAX, Alpha or I64.
4.8.6 Code that Uses Threads
OpenVMS I64 supports all the thread interfaces that have been supported on OpenVMS since thread support was first introduced. Most OpenVMS Alpha code that uses threads can be ported to OpenVMS I64 without change. This section describes the exceptions. The major porting issue for code that uses threads is the usage of stack space. I64 code uses much more stack space than does equivalent Alpha code. Therefore, a threaded program that works on Alpha might get stack overflow failures on I64.
The default stack size is larger on OpenVMS I64 to help alleviate overflow problems. If the application requests a specific stack size, then the change to the default will be irrelevant, and the application source code might need to be changed to request more stack. HP recommends starting with an increase of three 8-Kb pages (24576 bytes).
Another side effect of the increased stack size requirement is increased demand on the P0 address region. Thread stacks are allocated from the P0 heap. Larger stacks might cause the process to exceed its memory quotas. In an extreme case, the P0 region could fill completely, in which case the process might need to reduce the number of threads in use concurrently (or make other changes to lessen the demand for P0 memory).
HP recommends that you familiarize yourself with the most recent improvements to thread support in OpenVMS, as documented in the HP OpenVMS Version 8.2 Release Notes. One change to the POSIX Threads C language header file PTHREAD_EXCEPTION.H caused problems when porting an application that relied on its former behavior.
The DCL command THREADCP is not supported on OpenVMS I64. For OpenVMS I64, the DCL commands SET IMAGE and SHOW IMAGE can be used to check and modify the state of threads-related image header flags, similar to the THREADCP command on OpenVMS Alpha. For details, refer to the HP OpenVMS DCL Dictionary.
The THREADCP command is documented in the Guide to the POSIX Threads Library.
If you want to change the setting of threads-related image flags, you need to use the new command SET IMAGE. For example:
$ SET IMAGE/FLAGS=(MKTHREADS,UPCALLS) FIRST.EXE Thread Routines cma_delay and cma_time_get_expiration
Two legacy threads API library routines, cma_delay and cma_time_get_expiration, accept a floating point format parameter using the VAX F FLOAT format. Any application modules that call either of these routines must be compiled with either the /FLOAT=D_FLOAT or the /FLOAT=G_FLOAT qualifier to get VAX F FLOAT support. (However, if your application also uses double precision binary data, then you must use the /FLOAT=G_FLOAT qualifier.) For more information about floating point support, consult your compiler's documentation.
If a C language module (which uses either cma_delay or cma_time_get_expiration) is compiled by mistake in an IEEE floating-point mode, a compiler warning similar to the following will be displayed:
cma_delay (
%CC-W-LONGEXTERN, The external identifier name exceeds 31
characters; truncated to "CMA_DELAY_NEEDS_VAX_FLOAT______".
If an object file which triggered such a warning is linked, the linker will display an undefined-symbol message for this symbol. (If a linker-produced image was subsequently executed, the calls to these routines would fail with an ACCVIO.) These compiler and linker diagnostics are intended to alert you to the fact that these CMA routines require the use of VAX format floating-point values, and that the compilation was done in a manner that does not satisfy this requirement.
These routines are no longer documented in user documentation but are still supported for use in legacy applications.
4.8.7 Code With Unaligned Data
HP recommends that you align your data naturally to achieve optimal performance for data referencing. Unaligned data can seriously degrade performance on both OpenVMS Alpha and OpenVMS I64.
Data is naturally aligned when its address is an integral multiple of the size of the data in bytes. For example, a longword is naturally aligned at any address that is a multiple of 4, and a quadword is naturally aligned at any address that is a multiple of 8. A structure is naturally aligned when all its members are naturally aligned.
Because natural alignment is not always possible, OpenVMS I64 systems provide help to manage the impact of unaligned data references. Alpha and I64 compilers automatically correct most potential alignment problems and flag others.
In addition to performance degradation, unaligned shared data can cause a program to execute incorrectly. Therefore, you must align shared data naturally. Shared data might be between threads of a single process, between a process and ASTs, or between several processes in a global section.
Finding the Problem
To find instances of unaligned data, you can use a qualifier provided by most I64 compilers that allows the compiler to report compile-time references to unaligned data.
Table 4-1 Compiler Switches for Reporting Compile-Time Reference
Compiler Switch
Additional assistance, such as an OpenVMS Debugger qualifier to reveal unaligned data at run time, is planned for a future release.
Eliminating the Problem
To eliminate unaligned data, you can use one or more of the following methods:
 - Compile with natural alignment, or, when language semantics do not provide for this, move data to be naturally aligned. Where filler is inserted to ensure that data remains aligned, there is a penalty in increased memory size. A useful technique for ensuring naturally aligned data while conserving memory is to declare longer variables first.
 - Use high-level-language instructions that force natural alignment within data structures.
 - Align data items on quadword boundaries.
Software that is converted to natural alignment may be incompatible with other software that is running translated in the same OpenVMS Cluster environment or over a network. For example:
 - An existing file format may specify records with unaligned data.
 - A translated image may pass unaligned data to, or expect it from, a native image.
In such cases, you must adapt all parts of the application to expect the same type of data, either aligned or unaligned.
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Definition of cateress
n. - A woman who caters. 2
The word "cateress" uses 8 letters: A C E E R S S T.
Direct anagrams of cateress:
Words formed by adding one letter before or after cateress (in bold), or to aceersst in any order:
i - creasiest sectaries l - traceless n - reascents sarcenets s - actresses t - tesseract u - secateurs
All words formed from cateress by changing one letter
Browse words starting with cateress by next letter


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English Title: Manuals for video recorders: Selecting text on the basis of finite state automata theory
Translation of abstract (English)
Improvements in the design of manuals were up to now concerned primarily with features of layout. The present article tries to point out how to make a selection of content of the information to be given to a user. Starting with the theory of finite automata as a tool for describing how a device works, we then construct transition matrices which can be transformed into procedural text. For illustrating purposes we selected the task of timer programming of a video recorder. A total of 40 novice subjects were confronted with either the original manual or with the version for which we improved the content selection. After reading the manual subjects had to fulfill certain programming tasks. It shows up that there are advantages of the improved manual on measures of performance and knowledge. These advantages hold only for the initial learning phase, but this time period is a critical one for novices. So the proposed strategy of optimizing manuals seems promising especially if one adds further treatments which are mentioned in the final comment.
|Date Deposited:||14 Feb 2008 08:23|
|Faculties / Institutes:||The Faculty of Behavioural and Cultural Studies > Institute of Psychology|
|Schriftenreihe ID:||Works by Joachim Funke|


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Identification. An endometrial brush is a device designed to remove samples of the endometrium (the mucosal lining of the uterus) by brushing its surface. This device is used to study endometrial cytology (cells).
Classification. Class II. The special controls for this device are: (1) FDA's: (i) Use of International Standard ISO 10993 Biological Evaluation of Medical DevicesPart I: Evaluation and Testing, and (ii) 510(k) Sterility Review Guidance of 2/12/90 (K90-1), (2) Labeling: (i) Indication: Only to evaluate the endometrium, and (ii) Contraindications: Pregnancy, history of uterine perforation, or a recent cesarean section, and (3) Design and testing: (i) The sampling component is covered within the vagina, and (ii) For adherence of the bristles and brush head.


MacArtney's MBES Hydrographic System for Island of Corsica
MacArtney France has delivered a portable multi-beam echosounder hydrographic system, designed for small vessels, to the French government organisation, Collectivité de Corse, in Corsica.
The Collectivité de Corse, a government organisation, represents the interests of the community of Corsica – a Mediterranean island off the south coast of France.
With 1000 km of coastline, the island attracts many tourists and cruise ships creating the need for an MBES hydrographic system.
The purpose of the MBES hydrographic system is to ensure visiting vessels can securely navigate the harbours of the island, monitor the seabed to control the quality of dredging, identify obstructions on the sea floor and verify underwater installations.
MacArtney France worked with Kongsberg, Valeport and SBG Systems on this project to fulfill the project specific needs and supply an adaptable MBES hydrographic system that meets the standards set down by the International Hydrographic Organisation (IHO).
This new bathymetric system from MacArtney France will reduce survey time, increase accuracy, expand survey area reach and ensure a comprehensive hydrographic survey system.
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Objective: This study aimed to investigate whether previously failed glaucoma filtration surgery is a risk factor for filtration failure of subsequent trabeculectomy combined with cataract surgery and to determine the role of adjunctive mitomycin C (MMC) in the secondary glaucoma triple procedure (SGTP) as compared to primary glaucoma triple procedure (PGTP).
Design: A prospective, controlled study that was randomized with respect to assignment to adjunctive MMC and a case-control design with respect to comparisons between SGTP and PGTP was studied.
Participants: The SGTP group consisted of 49 eyes of 49 consecutive patients with primary open-angle glaucoma with a history of glaucoma filtration surgery requiring glaucoma medical therapy and in need of cataract surgery, randomized to adjunctive MMC (SGTP MMC subgroup of 21 eyes) and no adjunctive MMC (SGTP control subgroup of 28 eyes). The PGTP group consisted of 49 PGTP cases closely matched to the SGTP cases with respect to age, race, gender, MMC use, C:D ratio, and systemic diseases.
Intervention: Trabeculectomy combined with phacoemulsification and a small incision (5 x 6 mm), all polymethylmethacrylate posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation with or without adjunctive MMC (0.5 mg/ml for 1 minute), was performed.
Main outcome measures: Surgery failure was defined as the need of an additional intraocular procedure or the need of more than one medication to achieve intraocular pressure control to the target level. Intragroup and intergroup comparisons were made with respect to filtration outcome among the SGTP and PGTP patients.
Results: Without adjunctive MMC, filtration success was significantly less in SGTP than in PGTP (P = 0.03). Adjunctive MMC significantly increased the success rate of SGTP (P = 0.02) but not that of PGTP (P = 0.89) over the average follow-up period of 2 years.
Conclusions: Previously failed glaucoma filtration surgery is a significant risk factor for the filtration failure of combined surgery. Intraoperative use of adjunctive MMC significantly improves the filtration success rate of SGTP.


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SUS – SATELLITE BASED WARNING SYSTEM FOR VECTOR-BORNE DISEASES
The warning system is based on data from the European Sentinel satellites from the Copernicus program, as well as climate modelling and socio-economic data. SUS recieves funding from Den Europæriske Fond for Regionaludvikling og regionale udviklingsmidler via Vækstforum Hovedstaden and Water DTU.
MOIST – Managing and Optimizing Irrigation by Satellite Tools
SEN-ET Sentinels for Evapotranspiration
SpaceAcademy@DK will bring space research into the classrooms in higher education – to ensure that Denmark educates future labor so the potential in space data and space research can be fully utilized, and on the other hand to increase recruitment to STEM programs by using the fascination power of Space. SpaceAcademy@DK receives funding from the Danish Ministry of Education and Science.


text:
Skip to Main Content
We present a method for performing face recognition based on the fractal neighbor distance (FND). The FND has previously been used for face recognition. What distinguishes our method from others is that we incorporate the use of localized weights with the FND. In a local-to-global feature matching approach, a set of localized weights is used with an algorithm based on the FND that searches for local features. A global score is then derived from each localized score. This set of weights is designed to concentrate around the eyes and nose region of the face, because they contain more discriminating features.


text:
blend intophrasal verb
Definition of blend into
1 : to gradually become the same as or part of (something) One color blends into another. where the city blends into the suburbs
2 : to look like (one's surroundings) The animal's dark fur enables it to blend into the forest.
3 : to look like one belongs in (something) He tried to blend into the crowd. A good journalist can easily blend into a community.
What did you just call me?! A Quiz


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Cheapest Factory Thermal Resistance Sensor - TDE-0301 Button Pointer Temperature Controller – Gongyi
Cheapest Factory Thermal Resistance Sensor - TDE-0301 Button Pointer Temperature Controller – Gongyi Detail:
A.Technical specification:
1、Input: K Measurement precision: ≤1.5%FS±1B
2、Measure and control range: 0~399℃
3、Control period: 30±10Sec; Proportional band range:2～6%
4、Deviation display range: -50～50℃
5、Output contact capacity: AC220V 5A（resistance load）
6、Power voltage: AC110～220V 50Hz/60Hz
7、Working environment: Temperature: 0~50℃;
relative humidity: ＜ 85%RH, without corrode gas.
8、Overall size and installation hole（mm）： 48×96×110、44×92；
B. Connection Scheme(consult):
C. Method to use:
Connect the power and the sensor according to the connection scheme, then it displays the actual measured temperature.
The terminals of '1', '2' are input of thermocouple signal, the terminals of '6', '7', '8' are relay control output. When the green light of "OUT" brighten, terminal '7' and '8' are connected and terminal '6' and '8' are disconnected. When the green light of "OUT" goes out, terminal '7' and '8' are disconnected and terminal '6' and '8' are connected. The terminal of '3', '5' are power supply (AC110～240V).
When the actual measured temperature don't enter the proportional band and the setting temperature is higher than the actual measured temperature, the terminal '7'and '8'connect, terminal '8' and '6' disconnect. The load starts heating at this time and its temperature is going up.
When the actual measured temperature don't enter the proportional band and the setting temperature is lower than the actual measured temperature, the terminal '7' and '8' disconnect, terminal '8' and '6' connect. The load does not heat at this time and its temperature is going down.
After the actual measured temperature entry into the proportional band, the relay start opening and closing according to the controlling rule. The higher temperature, the shorter connecting time of relay between terminal '7' and '8'. Vice versa.The controller controls the temperature by the way of changing the average heating power of load.
Note: Time proportion adjustment: the time proportion is also known as intermittent ratio adjustment, change the average heating power to achieve control in the unit time (cycle). When the actual temperature access to the dashboard proportional band, relay release cyclically, suction, by changing the absorption and release time proportion to change the average heating power of heat load, thus changing temperature for purpose.
Note: Our company will continue to improve product technology, design specification. If change, please subject to the material object, without notice.
Product detail pictures:
Related Product Guide:
We aim to find out high quality disfigurement in the generation and provide the most effective services to domestic and abroad clients wholeheartedly for Cheapest Factory Thermal Resistance Sensor - TDE-0301 Button Pointer Temperature Controller – Gongyi, The product will supply to all over the world, such as: Orlando, Orlando, Qatar, As an experienced factory we also accept customized order and make it same as your picture or sample specifying specification and customer design packing. The main goal of the company is to live a satisfactory memory to all the customers, and establish a long term win-win business relationship. For more information, please contact us. And It is our great pleasure if you like to have a personally meeting in our office.
By Bruno Cabrera from Argentina - 2018.06.09 12:42
Adhering to the business principle of mutual benefits, we have a happy and successful transaction, we think we will be the best business partner.
By Adelaide from Manila - 2018.09.08 17:09


Tim Keefer > Gantry > Gantry::Conf::FAQ
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Gantry::Conf::FAQ - Frequently Asked Questions regarding Gantry::Conf
Why should I use Gantry::Conf at all?
There are many reasons why we feel Gantry::Conf is helpful both during development and after deployment. The next two entries should hopefully answer this question for you as they outline a few common scenarios programmers and system administrators often face.
How is Gantry::Conf helpful during development?
Easy separation of development configs from production configs
Often programmers have a separate development environment from their production environment. By using blocks and dev instances you can avoid spending any serious time setting up your application in the development environment. Take this configuration example:

 dbuser nobody
 dbpass secret
 dbconn "dbi:Pg:dbname=dev"

 dbuser apache
 dbpass secret2
 dbconn "dbi:Pg:dbname=production"

 ConfigureVia FlatFile Config::General /etc/apps/app1.conf
 use production

 use dev
By separating out our production and dev database information into shared blocks we can essentially switch between our production and dev environments by simply changing the instance we are using. If you were working on a script this would be a simple matter of running:
 $ script.pl --instance=app1-dev
instead of:
 $ script.pl --instance=app1
How is Gatnry::Conf helpful in production?
Gantry::Conf has several advantages in a production environment. First, it provides a single place for all config information, if you commit to it. Even if you don't commit to it for all apps, it still provides control to the installing admin over how and where conf information is stored. For instance, the admin could put the config information directly into /etc/gantry.conf, or into a separate file in /etc/gantry.d. She could even set up a secure web server where all boxes would go to get their conf.
The short answer is, Gantry::Conf is flexible and production environments benefit from flexibility.
How do I pass my instance information into my application?
There are many possible ways to do this a few of which are:
Command line arguments
If your application accepts arguments on the command line we suggest adding an --instance option to pass in the instance's name.
In a mod_perl environment you could use a PerlSetVar, possibly named GantryConfInstance, to pull in this value for your application.
Again in a mod_perl environment, another option would be to use ModPerl::ParamBuilder to pass the instance name.
Hard coded
We include this for the sake of completeness, but advise against it. You could always simply hard code your instance information into your application, but this will greatly reduce the flexibility you have.
How do I add a different provider for an existing ConfigVia method?
Place your provider module in the Gantry::Conf::Provider::Method::* namespace. Make sure your public API matches the existing providers which use the same method. For instance the flat file providers all implement a config method which is called as a class method and receives a file name.
How do I add to the ConfigVia methods?
If none of the existing provider methods will do, you need to work in Gantry::Conf. In particular, you need to augment the dispatch hash with the name of your provisioning method and a sub name which will handle it. Then you need to implement the method you put in %dispatch.
Gantry(3), Gantry::Conf(3), Gantry::Conf::Tutorial(3)
Frank Wiles
Copyright (c) 2006, Frank Wiles.
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The Benefits and Advantages of Frequency Response Simulation in PCB Design
November 19, 2019 Cadence PCB Solutions
Collection of types of signals and waveforms
I often hear the question, does frequency really matter? Whether it is in the context of car audio, home audio, or PCB design, yes, frequency matters. The frequency response of any device that requires a particular resonance is vital to the overall design and performance of the device in question.
For example, I recall redesigning a car audio system for someone a few years ago. The recipient of this redesign was currently suffering from shock-induced anger, after spending $2,000 on a pair of subwoofers and an enclosure. It was not the price that had him up in arms, but rather the fact that his car was still reeking of the smell of burnt coils from an improper install.
Even in car audio, simulation is the key to proper design. Well, in this case, it's apparent that simulation was not part of the plan. The end result was him being embarrassed while demonstrating his new stereo via an epic YouTube fail. These are the types of situations that simulation can and will effectively help you to avoid. Whether you are tuning a bandpass enclosure or designing circuits for a PCB, frequency simulation is the key.
The Importance of Frequency Response Simulations
As a science fiction fan myself, I have seen my share of time-travel related movies, and they always seem to end the same. However, after viewing these movies, I always find myself asking the proverbial question; what if? The ability to know the outcome before the event even happens is one of the critical advantages of simulation software.
In terms of frequency response, simulations provide you with the ability to accurately predict the response of your circuit before you build it. Another advantage to this is, of course, it saves time, lowers cost, and it perfects your design. Furthermore, it also fosters innovation and advances the design process by allowing you to examine various models and configurations.
The Benefits and Advantages of SPICE Simulation
Across multiple sectors, fields, and disciplines, simulation is having a profound positive effect. Ask any engineer, and they will tell you that simulation software is an invaluable design tool. In terms of PCB design, simulation as a whole is the choice between designing your PCB correctly, and a science experiment that has gone wrong.
One of the primary advantages of using simulation software is the fact that it enables you to obtain valuable feedback when designing real-world circuits. Furthermore, this feedback does not come with the time or expenditure typically required to procure this much-needed design insight. This, in turn, allows the designer to determine the efficiency and correctness of their designs without the need to build the circuit or device first.
As a result, simulation software also allows the designer to explore the worthiness of alternate designs without ever building the actual device or circuit. Moreover, examining the effects of your design decisions during the design phase rather than the construction phase, saves time, money, and increases design quality.
Green representation of digital waveform
Digital signals mixing with analog signals have unique properties.
SPICE Simulation Software and Frequency Response Simulations
When using SPICE, it allows you to place probes and generate waveform plots for further analysis. This is made possible by its ability to determine intricate branch currents and node voltages at each frequency across your entire design.
Some of the primary functions SPICE can perform are as follows:
 - DC Sweep: Allows for the changing of component values (resistor value, voltage, or current) and graphing the results.
 - AC Sweep: Performs an analysis of the frequency response of a circuit (phase and gain).
 - Transient Analysis: Affords you the ability to set a period of time and analyze the response of your circuit within this timeframe.
 - It is worth noting that PSpice can provide an even more in-depth analysis of your circuits and circuit designs. The previously mentioned functions are only a part of what PSpice can afford you. The following are the other more advance simulation functions PSpice provides.
 - Sensitivity: Variations in manufactured components are natural. Sensitivity analysis lets you test circuit performance across the minimum and maximum tolerances for different component values and identify which elements are critical to your design goals.
 - Monte Carlo: Perform statistical Monte Carlo analysis on multiple components varied across their tolerance ranges to help predict your production yield under different conditions. This can be used to identify which parts can have their tolerances widened, reducing cost without sacrificing performance.
 - Smoke (Stress): Identify increases in junction temperature, secondary break-downs, power dissipation stresses, and voltage/current violations throughout your design.
 - Optimizer: Automatically optimize analog circuits and systems to find the best component values for your performance goals and constraints.
 - Parametric Plotter: Analyze/sweep multiple design and model parameters at once in plot or tabular form.
So, what type of simulation do you typically use for frequency response simulations? Well, the short answer is, a time domain simulation is ideal.
Graphic frequency waveform representation
SPICE can help with many aspects of your circuit design
Using Time Domain Simulations to Simulate Frequency Response
In regards to simulation software, time domain is the standard method for examining the behavior of an output signal for a given input signal (response). There are several reasons for this. First of all, when using time domain, you can calculate the current and voltage numerically across the entire circuit.
Secondly, you can examine the transitory behavior of a circuit to either a step response, like an input voltage switching from off to on or an impulse, such as a delta function input signal.
Finally, it affords you the ability to examine the response of a signal to a random input signal. You also have the option of using any input signal you choose as well as have these signals be a (repeating) waveform such as a triangle wave, digital pulse, or sawtooth wave. Also, you have the option of overlaying the input and output voltages to assess how the circuit influences the input signal. Furthermore, you gain a greater understanding of how a circuit performs when you examine the effects of input signal changes.
Frequency response simulations, like all simulations, are a vital part of PCB design. The use of simulations provide lower costs, saves time, increases design decision accuracy, and improves overall design quality. Having the ability to accurately predict the performance of an electronic circuit or device is an option every designer should utilize.
Alternatively, there are also AC simulations like AC sweep analysis wherein you can measure voltage and current changes with frequency. An AC sweep will enable you to calculate voltage and currents across a range of frequencies. Typically you will use a voltage source with an amplitude of 1V and use probes to generate the plots you need.
What is PSpice Simulation?
If you are like me, you probably have a couple of breadboards lying around, and believe me; they were once an invaluable tool. In some cases, they still have their uses, but overall, when addressing frequency response, simulation is the way to go.
In PCB design, obtaining an accurate frequency response throughout your circuit design is critical to the overall functionality of the PCB. With that in mind, the advantages and benefits of simulation (PSpice) software is a crucial part of ensuring proper design outcome.
So, what is PSpice? PSpice is an acronym for Personal Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis. In a more generalized description, it is an electronic circuit simulation tool (Cadence). During operation, PSpice will typically utilize a netlist generated from an OrCAD Capture. However, there is an option to operate it from MATLAB/Simulink. In summary, PSpice allows you to analyze as well as simulate your mixed-signal and analog circuits within OrCAD.
Cadence's design and analysis tools, are sure to have your designers and production teams working together towards implementing frequency response simulation solutions for all of your PCB designs. OrCAD PSpice Simulator facilitates the implementation of frequency response simulations for all of your electronic circuit design needs, as well as many other types of simulation to ensure top design security.
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Is there any way, shape, or form that ultraviolet light is recorded by a digital sensor? Ideally, this question is related strictly to the sensor, without even a glass lens in between which could cut or block UV light. But of course I don't take pictures with a bare sensor, I also have a lens, so I'd also like to know how much UV gets to the sensor to begin with.
share|improve this question
3 Answers 3
up vote 22 down vote accepted
Yes, digital sensors are indeed sensitive to UV light, as well as a considerable amount of the infrared spectrum. Most digital sensors are equipped with multi-coated, multi-layered filters that are designed to filter out the extended ranges of UV and IR. Generally speaking, filtered digital sensors are sensitive to a much broader range of light than the human eye, from about 250nm (the near-UV range) through visible light (400nm to 750nm), and down about 780nm (the IR range). Unfiltered, a digital sensor is sensitive to a far greater range, from deep UV (200nm, true UV) down to true IR (as far as 900nm) [#1]. It should be noted that sensitivity is not constant throughout this range, and falloff is fairly rapid and becomes significant the farther away from 380nm you go. Same goes for the IR range. Human eyesight ranges on average from about 390nm through 700nm, while some people are more sensitive and able to see from about 380nm through 750nm.
Despite the filtration applied to digital sensors, UV light is still a problem, and can affect color balance. In general, the ability to sense UV light is not a huge problem, as digital sensors have relatively weak sensitivity to blue, and the UV sensitivity is generally captured as blue. However, without proper filtration, UV dispersion can generate disruptive haze that can be captured by a digital sensor, which may result in a rather undesirable result.
It should be noted that optical glass filters out a considerable amount of UV light. Most UV wavelengths up to around 310nm are blocked by the glass of a camera lens, and the remainder from 310nm up through 380nm can be blocked with a UV/Haze filter. If one wishes to create images in the UV light range, special lenses are available. Non-standard materials such as quartz or calcium fluoride have a greater transparency to the UV spectrum. From a camera imaging perspective, most research shows the most interesting UV wavelengths probably lie between 250nm and 310nm [#2]. To get a clear UV shot, you may need to remove the UV filter that covers the sensor itself. This is similar to removing the IR filter when modifying a camera for IR work, or may involve removing the entire filter apparatus, which would remove both UV and IR filters at the same time (depends on the camera.)
 1. Infrared and ultraviolet imaging with a CMOS sensor having layered photodioedes
 - Introduction discusses unfiltered layered CMOS sensitivity range: 200nm - 1100nm
 - Layered CMOS (i.e. Foveon) tend to have a greater sensitivity range than bayer CMOS
 - Interesting discussion about the individual wavelength sensitivity of each color photosite (graphs included)
 - Seems a little out of date (2003/2004 period?), but still useful
 2. Digital Reflected-Ultraviolet Imaging
 - Older article from several years ago, covers reflected-UV imaging
 - Discussed the nature of UV imaging and how it differs from visual/IR imaging
 3. The Wratten 18A: A problematic filter for reflected-UV photography
 - Interesting article that uses an original Canon Rebel and a Wratten 18A filter to image UV
 - The Wratten 18A allows UV from ~290nm through 400nm
 - The older Canon Rebel CMOS sensor seems to image this wavelength range well
 4. Visible Light CMOS Sensors
 - Page 7 has a graph of CMOS vs. Human Eye sensitivity
 - Stops at 400nm, but shows that the CMOS sensitivity curve is still quite high at that point, and falls off at a moderate curvature (likely ends around 250nm-290nm)
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Wow, lots of good information here. Do you have any sources to cite? – jfklein13 Aug 9 '10 at 21:11
I do, however they are bookmarked at home. Also, sadly, most of them were PDF scientific papers. The best one had to do with scientific imaging in UV, and discussed alternative lens element materials like quartz and fluoride derivatives. I'll see if I can dig them up. – jrista Aug 9 '10 at 21:25
I am not sure I actually bookmarked any of the stuff I've read about IR and UV imaging with digital cameras. There is a moderate amount of information available on the subject, but I remember most of it being contained within PDF's, usually some scientific paper or official study of some kind. I will have to redo my searches to get you citeable references. – jrista Aug 10 '10 at 17:34
The widely accepted view is that they are not. However, see this description of empirical tests (from 2004) which seems to establish that the digital sensors tested were UV sensitive, albeit much less so than is film.
share|improve this answer
This "accepted" view is generally only because most of the published specifications only provide sensor light absorption and sensitivity information from about 400nm through 750nm, the visible light range. Most of this information indicates that the blue photosites on a sensor peak at around 380-400nm, but do not show where they begin. Independent third-party studies show that the UV sensitivity of digital CCD and CMOS sensors starts much higher, from 250nm down to as low as 200nm. – jrista Aug 9 '10 at 18:30
Yes, they are as pointed out. But I want to add that sensors in digital cameras are not actually digital.
The Image sensor converts light into an electronic signal. Just because it's electronic, doesn't mean it has to be digital. There are analog signals and digital signals. both of which are electronic.
After this it goes through an analog-to-digital converter. Well, it actually goes through an amplifier before this but anyhow. This is where it then becomes digital and can be processed, compressed and all what ever else it's been programmed to do.
Just thought I'd put that out there.
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protected by John Cavan Apr 24 '13 at 17:30
Would you like to answer one of these unanswered questions instead?


CD Statistics Howto
This article details how the CD statistics are generated on this site.
Firstly it is fairly obvious that the CD's need to be in some file format on a server. I have all my CD's stored in MP3 format although Squeezecenter can handle other formats (e.g. flac). This allows a decent quality and for them to be easily loaded onto portable players. The format of the files doesn't matter for the purposes of this article.
Squeezebox 2
I run a Linux server hosting a number of services, not least this web site!
The audio files are handled by a piece of software called Squeezecenter (formally Squeezebox server) which allows the files to be streamed to audio devices. I currently have two squeezebox players in the house.
The Squeezecenter software stores all the information about the audio files in a database. by default this database is SqLite although it is possible to configure it to use MySQL.
In order to get the detailed playing statistics about the various files it is necessary to add the TrackStat plugin to Squeezecenter. This adds extra tables to the database to hold play information about the tracks.
Then it is simply a matter of using the appropriate SQL queries to retrieve the information from the database and format it appropriately for the web page.
I use php to do this.
For example the SQL query to get the top ten tracks played is:
select t1.title, sum(t4.playcount) as f, t2.contributor, from tracks as t1,
contributor_track as t2, contributors as t3, track_statistics as t4 where = t2.track
and t1.url = t4.url and t2.contributor = and t2.role=1 and t4.playcount > 0
group by order by f desc, title limit 10
This will return 10 rows ordered by the play count descending.
It is then a simple matter of formatting the output of this into a table.
The php code I use to produce a table of this information is:
$result = $conn->query($query);
print "";
print "Top 10 Albums";
print "AlbumTracks Played\n";
while( $row = $result->fetcharray()) {
 print "$row[0]";
 if( $row[3] == 1 ) {
 print "Various Artists";
 else {
 print "$row[2]";
 print "";
 $count = $row[1];
 print "$count\n";
 print "";
Note that when using SqLite the main database is in the squeezecenter cache directory and is called library.db. The track play count data used by the trackstat plugin is in a file called persist.db. To get the data, both files need to be open.
Another thing to be aware of is that Squeezecenter by default has the file permissions set so that ordinary users cannot access them. As the web server runs as user apache (on my system) then this user cannot access the files.
This requires the file permissions to be changed to allow read access to the world. Be aware that this will obviously compromise security on shared systems. The web user only needs read access.
A slight complication is that Squeezecenter will reset the file permissions when it is restarted. This is annoying because after a system restart (normally due to updates being applied) the web user cannot access the database files and hence displays nothing.
I overcame this by adding a line in rc.local in /etc (a file which is executed at the end of the boot procedure) to change the file permissions.


text:
Sales history includes all achieved sales measured during defined period of time. It is usually in form of a database where all records are accurate numbers of number of sold items and other measurements. It is done systematically. The sales history measurements may refer to:
- Value of sales - value that can be shown in specific amount of money in period of time (daily, weekly, monthly, quarterly, periodically, yearly etc.),
- Sold units - can be shown in specific quantity in period of time (daily, weekly, monthly, quarterly, periodically, yearly etc.), might refer also to guests served in food industry etc.,
- Sales to date - value or units from start date point in the past to defined day, for example weekly sales by today if today is Thursday would mean sum of values from Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday,
- Sales average - average of value or units in period of time (daily, weekly, monthly, quarterly, periodically, yearly etc.):
- Fixed sales average - average of value or units in defined period of time for example first 14 days of a month,
- Rolling sales average - average of value or units over changing time for example average from last 5 days,
- Variance of sales - difference between value or units, both from closed period of time for example sold units in 2017 minus sold units in 2016.
Sometimes sales history is named demand history and in the opposite which is wrong understanding. The demand data are sales plus lost sales. Sales value is smaller than demand value. Lost sales is value of potential sales that would happen if inventory would be enough to meet demand.
Advantages of accurate sales history
- Accurate estimations of future sales,
- Ability to predict expenses,
- Efficiency is preparing schedules for both workers and production,
- Higher accuracy of purchases,
- Ability to keep right level of stock that can meet needs coming from the market,
- Better budgeting for future periods,
- More attractive selling prices as operational costs might decrease,
- More money saved for investments as operational costs might decrease,
- Increased profit level and stakeholder value.
- Dopson L. K., Hayes D. K. (2010), p.30-33
- Wilson R., Hill A. V., Glazer H. (2013)
- Dopson L. K., Hayes D. K. (2010), p.31
- Dopson L. K., Hayes D. K. (2010), Food and Beverage Cost Control, John Wiley & Sons
- Fleder D., Hosanagar K.(2007), Recommender Systems and their Impact on Sales Diversity, in "EC'07, June", University of Pennsylvania, USA
- Kahn K. B., Adams M. E. (2001), Sales forecasting as a knowledge management process in "The journal of business forecasting. Winter"
- Wilson R., Hill A. V., Glazer H. (2013), Tools and Tactics for Operations Managers (Collection), FT Press
- Yucesoy B., Wang X., Huang J., Barabási A. L. (2018), Success in books: a big data approach to bestsellers, in "EPJ Data Science", Springer Open Journal
Author: Aleksandra Puchała


text:
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Two years and 10 days after his election to the presidency, Cornelius Conway Felton lay dead. His determination to do the job was too much for a constitution already weakened by a heart condition. (Ironically, he had once presided over a Boston physical-education society.)
Felton (_PHONE_) was a noted scholar who also found time to share his talents with the Massachusetts Board of Education and the Smithsonian Institution. Despite its brevity, the Felton presidency produced at least one milestone. At Commencement 1860, Felton conferred degrees upon the first Harvard Class of more than 100 graduates.
More ominously, as civil war loomed on the national horizon, most Southern students left Harvard during the winter break of 1860-61, never to return.
Cornelius Conway Felton
President of Harvard University _PHONE_ (died in office on Feb. 26)


Narrowing down GTF trace output
The General Trace Facility (GTF) in MVS is useful for identifying problems, but narrowing down GTF trace data can be daunting. This tip offers a how-to on narrowing down GTF trace output to simplify debugging.
MVS' General Trace Facility (GTF) is one of those tools that makes you glad to work on the mainframe. When started, a GTF trace can record all sorts of system events and provide detailed diagnostic data for those hard-to-find bugs. Of course, the formatted output is prodigious, which makes gleaning the nuggets of information necessary to debug the problem harder than finding a liquor store in Waco. However, a little REXX combined with a less-traditional debugging tool can help discover the gold from a GTF trace.
GTF traces for SVCs
One useful GTF feature is the ability to capture supervisor call (SVC) instructions that problem programs use to access system services. Imagine, for instance, we have response time problems because we suspect an application is issuing operating system waits instead of using CICS' application programming interface (API). A GTF trace for wait SVCs (SVC 1) will collect, among other things, the instruction addresses of the service call. The instruction addresses, combined with a dump of the region, can quickly pinpoint the program issuing the non-CICS waits.
Below are some sample parameters for GTF. Note that years ago GTF got its parameters from the console. You can see this historical context below, where "prompting" options (the ones that end in "P") do little else except tell GTF to expect the actual parameters later in the input stream. Thus, the SVCP parameter points to the SVC option listing the SVC numbers to be traced. Similarly, JOBNAMEP refers to JOBNAME to be traced.
Formatting the GTF trace
IBM's Interactive Problem Control System (IPCS) can format the raw GTF trace data. Pasted below is some sample output, where you can see lots of useful information about the circumstances under which something issued the WAIT.
**** GTF TRACING ENVIRONMENT ****
 Release: SP7.0.9 FMID: HBB7740 System name: SYSP
 CPU Model: 2097 Version: 00 Serial no. 015EFF
SVC..... 001 ASCB.... 00FC0880 CPU..... 0002 JOBNAME. CICSPROD OLD-PSW. 078D0001 95113178
 TCB..... 00A98E00 MODN.... DFHKETCB R15... F918ABD8 R0... 00000001 R1... 1E19D328
 PLIST... 1E19D328
 GMT-01/27/2010 18:27:46.321507 LOC-01/27/2010 12:27:46.321507
 SVC..... 001 ASCB.... 00FC0880 CPU..... 0001 JOBNAME. CICSPROD OLD-PSW. 078D0001 95112F3C
 TCB..... 00AF8680 MODN.... DFHKETCB R15... BE06CECE R0... 00000001 R1... EA99C000
 PLIST... _PHONE_ 000408B8 0022AB64 00054C8C 80054BE4
 GMT-01/27/2010 18:27:46.321775 LOC-01/27/2010 12:27:46.321775
Now we have a great pile of diagnostic information consisting of a dump and a GTF trace. The challenge is to separate legitimate waits executed by the CICS system code from the application issued SVCs. The brute force method would dictate going through each trace entry and matching Program Status Words (PSWs) with load modules in the CICS dump. That might take a while.
Boiling down GTF trace data with REXX and Excel
Fortunately, a little REXX that can convert GTF trace output into a command separated value (CSV) file suitable for importing into Excel. I included an example REXX program below.
/* REXX */
parse arg input
"del 'user01.gtfsvc.csv'" /* Delete and reallocate output file */
"alloc fi(csvout) da('user01.gtfsvc.csv') unit(sysda) space(15 15)",
 "track new catalog lrecl(60) blksize(18000) recfm(f b) release"
csvout.1 = "SVC,Job Name,PSW,TCB" /* Write column headers */
"execio 1 diskw csvout (stem csvout."
"EXECIO 1 DISKR gtfin (stem gtfin." /* Top of input loop */
do while(rc = 0)
 if index(gtfin.1, 'SVC.....') > 0 then, /* Beginning of an entry */
 firstWord = 2
 if word(gtfin.1, 1) = '1' then, /* Deal with page ejects */
 firstWord = 3
 svc = word(gtfin.1, firstWord) /* Get SVC, job name and PSW */
 jobname = word(gtfin.1, firstWord+6)
 psw = word(gtfin.1, firstWord + 8) ||'' || word(gtfin.1, firstWord+9)
 "EXECIO 1 DISKR gtfin (stem gtfin." /* Get next line for TCB address */
 if word(gtfin.1, 1) = '1' then, /* Again with the page ejects? */
 tcb = word(gtfin.1, 3)
 tcb = word(gtfin.1, 2)
 csvout.1 = svc || ',' || jobname || ',' || psw || ',' tcb
 "execio 1 diskw csvout (stem csvout." /* Build and write output */
 "EXECIO 1 DISKR gtfin (stem gtfin." /* Get next line */
queue /* It's all over, go home */
address tso
"execio * diskr gtfin (finis)"
"execio * diskW csvout (finis)"
"free fi(csvout)"
Disclaimer: This is "fair weather" sample code that may or may not work with your GTF report.
This script's one parameter is the name of a DD statement pointing to a dataset containing the GTF report. It writes the output CSV file to dataset userid.GTFSVC.CSV. The CSV output contains four columns, which include the SVC number, the job name, the PSW of the instruction that issued the SVC and the Task Control Block (TCB) of the thread. It writes the header labels as the first row in the CSV file.
Now it becomes a simple matter to import the CSV file into Excel. The resulting spreadsheet looks like this:
Click to enlarge.
Auto-filtering the spreadsheet gives us the ability to get a summary list of the columns. The auto-filter option appears in the Excel "Data" pull-down menu.
Once the spreadsheet is filtered, we can do things like click on the PSW header button and get a summary list of addresses that issued the wait SVC.
Click to enlarge.
Now, instead of wading through hundreds of trace entries, we have a list of five PSWs to check against the dump.
More ways to analyze GTF trace data
When I think of debugging, Excel doesn't usually spring to mind. However, its data analysis abilities make it a good secondary tool to make sense out of the blizzard of data produced by MVS. Other enhancements to this REXX might include capturing the trace timestamp or parameter list. The same principle may also be applied to other forms of GTF trace output.
Dig Deeper on IBM system z and mainframe systems


›› Convert kilogram-force to megapond
›› More information from the unit converter
How many kgf in 1 megapond? The answer is 1000.
We assume you are converting between kilogram-force and megapond.
You can view more details on each measurement unit:
kgf or megapond
The SI derived unit for force is the newton.
1 newton is equal to 0.10197162129779 kgf, or 0.00010197162129779 megapond.
Use this page to learn how to convert between kilograms-force and megaponds.
›› Quick conversion chart of kgf to megapond
1 kgf to megapond = 0.001 megapond
10 kgf to megapond = 0.01 megapond
50 kgf to megapond = 0.05 megapond
100 kgf to megapond = 0.1 megapond
200 kgf to megapond = 0.2 megapond
500 kgf to megapond = 0.5 megapond
1000 kgf to megapond = 1 megapond
›› Want other units?
You can do the reverse unit conversion from megapond to kgf, or enter any two units below:
Enter two units to convert
›› Common force conversions
kgf to zeptonewton
kgf to yottanewton
kgf to yoctonewton
kgf to nanonewton
kgf to dekanewton
kgf to ounce
kgf to attonewton
kgf to centinewton
kgf to gram
kgf to kilopond
›› Definition: Kilogram
The deprecated unit kilogram-force (kgf) or kilopond (kp) is the force exerted by one kilogram of mass in standard Earth gravity (defined as exactly 9.80665 m/s²). One kilogram-force is equal to exactly 9.80665 newtons.
›› Definition: Megapond
So 1 megapond = 106 ponds.
›› Metric conversions and more


This study seeks to better understand the factors contributing to the adoption of Software as a Service (SaaS) as on-demand sourcing option. Grounded in transaction cost theory (TCT), we developed a research model for assessing SaaS-sourcing at the application level. Four hypotheses with three TCTbased constructs (application specificity, environmental uncertainty, and usage frequency) and one contingency factor (firm size) affecting the adoption of SaaS-based sourcing were formulated. Survey data of 154 firms in Europe with 284 response items across different industries were collected to test the theoretical model. PLS-based structural equation modeling demonstrated that uncertainty emerges as the strongest factor for SaaS-adoption, while application specificity also contributes significantly. Differentiating between small and medium-sized businesses (SMBs) and enterprises, uncertainty represents the strongest driver for SaaS-adoption in SMBs, whereas application specificity is more important in enterprises. Finally, firm size is significantly and negatively associated with SaaS-based sourcing within, but not across the subgroups of SMBs and enterprises.


text: Constraints on entropies are considered to be the laws of information theory. Even though the pursuit of their discovery has been a central theme of research in information theory, the algorithmic aspects of constraints on entropies remain largely unexplored. Here, we initiate an investigation of decision problems about constraints on entropies by placing several different such problems into levels of the arithmetical hierarchy. We establish the following results on checking the validity over all almost-entropic functions: first, validity of a Boolean information constraint arising from a monotone Boolean formula is co-recursively enumerable; second, validity of "tight" conditional information constraints is in Π03. Furthermore, under some restrictions, validity of conditional information constraints "with slack" is in Σ02, and validity of information inequality constraints involving max is Turing equivalent to validity of information inequality constraints (with no max involved). We also prove that the classical implication problem for conditional independence statements is co-recursively enumerable.


text:
Developing an Emic Scale to Measure Ad-Evoked Nostalgia in a Collectivist Emerging Market, India
Although there has been recent interest in the measurement of advertising-evoked nostalgia, the dimensionality and generalizability of the related scales are restricted to the national/cultural boundaries of Western nations. In the present study, we develop an emic scale to measure ad-evoked personal nostalgia in an important emerging economy, India, refining and purifying the scale with seven separate studies (with a combined sample size of 1823). The resulting scale contains five dimensions: past imagery, physiological reactions, positive emotions, negative emotions and collective nostalgia. In the present study, we follow rigorous scale development procedures, and we also go beyond by comparing the effectiveness of our emic scale with a previous scale developed in France (etic), and subsequently we test our measure in another (culturally-congruent) market – Bangladesh. Our study emphasizes the need for culture-specific measures (emic), and we present important theoretical and managerial insights. © 2019 Elsevier Inc.
Journal of Business Research
pre print, post print (12 month embargo)