US Knife Laws
KnifeUp provides, for free, knife law guides for all 50 states. Below is a map of the US, click on the state you are interested in to read about it's knife laws. I try to keep these guides as up-to-date and accurate as possible but, for the law changes a lot, please leave a comment if you see something wrong.
Choose Your State
How the US Justice System Works
The United States was founded under the principals of federalism. Under federalism, governing powers are divided between the federal government as well as the state governments. For states existed before the founding of the US, the writers of the Constitution respected the state's authority by limiting federal powers to only those expressly stated within the Constitution. All other governing powers are, therefore, state powers.
For knife law, the only federal law is the Switchblade Knife Act of 1958 as well as the 2009 amendment to the act (see 15 U.S.C. §1244). The federal knife law only applies to individuals who are traveling internationally as well as between states. If you reside in a federal district (see Washington D.C. knife laws), the federal law is the only law that governs knives for you. If you live in one of the 50 states, the federal law would only apply to you if you are traveling from one state to another or if you are entering federal property, such as a military base.
All states have knife laws (click on the map above to find the knife law for a particular state) but some state's knife laws are more up-to-date than others and local municipals often pass their own knife laws as well. For example, if you live in Denver, Colorado, you must abide under the knife laws of Colorado as well as the knife laws of Denver. However, if you travel to Boulder, Colorado (30 minutes away) you must conform to Boulder's knife laws as well. And, during your journey, you must conform to the knife laws of all the municipals in between Boulder and Denver.
This makes knife laws a tricky subject unless your state has a preemption clause. Preemption means that the state government nullifies all knife laws made by municipals. Therefore, when you travel from town to town, you would not have to worry about municipal knife laws.
General Guide to Knife Laws
Knife laws can be divided into these two categories: ownership laws and carry laws.
Ownership Laws
Ownership laws forbid individuals from owning certain types of knives that society has deemed "deadly weapons" or "dangerous." Most of the time, these knives were once associated with unlawful people such as gangs, the mob, and outlaws. It is for this reason that the Bowie knife has been outlawed in so many states.
Carry Laws
Carry laws forbid an individual from carrying, concealed or open, certain knives. For example, some states forbid an individual from conceal carry of knives over a certain length but open carry of that same knife is legal. Other states forbid the carry, concealed and open, of certain knives. Most knives that are barred from carry are ones deemed by society to have no utility uses and, therefore, their only use is as weapons.
Other Laws
Some states have laws that forbid one from aggravated display of a knife as well as committing a crime with a knife. These laws are usually only enforceable after the fact and, for that reason, allows the state to increase the penalty of a crime. For example, robber is a bad crime but robbery with a knife is viewed as an even worse crime and should be punished more than simple robbery.
What is Generally Allowed
If you want to carry a knife that is usually legal everywhere, I highly recommend you buy a knife that is clearly intended for utility use. For example, most pocket knives and all leathermans as well as multi-tools fit this description. As long as the blade is less than 3 or 2.5 inches, you should be fine. Times where this advice might not be true is at: courts, planes, schools, and special buildings that forbid the carry of blades.
17 comments on "US Knife Laws
 1. chad says:
 Map not working on my android phone. Android 2.35 HTC inspire.
 2. Rich S says:
 Even with graphics and javascript on, I can't get the map to load. Can you perhaps but a postal abbrev for the states with a hot link to the laws of that state. Thanks Rich
 3. Nellie Hall says:
 The map was not available. What are the laws for MO and KS? Thanks
 4. david says:
 your US map didn't come up when I clicked to this site
 5. Owen says:
 Are not knives covered under the 2nd amendment also?
 Fewer politicians, more statesmen.
 6. Jay Sheldon says:
 As of July 15, 2013 the ownership and carrying of switchblades in Kansas is now legal. You may want to research this and other states for new laws just put in.
 7. Ken Herman says:
 Map does not work in safari, could you add a list of states or a drop down menu, Thanks
 8. Dan says:
 This is a great resource. I found one area where I was potentially illegal and didn't even know it. Thank you very much!
 9. Brent Pendleton says:
 so are you saying that it is legal to own and carry a switch blade in Utah?
 10. Bret Wolfe says:
 I recently came across your site and noticed that the state of Kansas' section has not been updated to reflect the new laws that took effect in summer of 2013.
 "HB2033 repeals all existing local knife laws in Kansas and enacts statewide preemption of any attempt to pass new local knife laws more restrictive than state law. HB2033 also repeals the ban on the possession of switchblades, dirks, daggers and stilettos."
 11. Jonathan says:
 YES! I've been struggling to get clarity on knife laws for a while. This is a very useful resource!
 12. Paul says:
 13. Dennis Bukovcan says:
 Wisconsin now has Concealed Carry weapons permits. This alows you to carry a knife concealed. Still illegal to carry a switch blade though.
 14. Lee Bell says:
 Information on the types of knives that can be owned and how they may be carried is quite useful, thanks.
 What I came here to find out, however, does not seem to be covered. My question is not whether, or what I can carrry, but where I can carry it. Specifically, I live in Florida and will be traveling in Wyoming and South Dakota in the near future. I need to know what the restrrictions are for carry in various places including bars, government buildings, police departments, etc.
 15. David says:
 I share Lee Bell's difficulties. All of my questions about knife laws begin with 'where' and what I really want to know is which states are off limits with particular blades.
 Please consider adding a way for visitors to select the characteristics of a knife and how they intend to carry it. Then, depending on that input, provide an overview of which states allow such a blade. Ideally, I would suggest color-coding the map.
 For example, someone might select fixed, 4″ blade, open carry. Then he or she would see in which states a knife like that would be perfectly legal, in which states it is completely and utterly illegal, in which states it varies by municipality, and in which states a permit is required.
 This is the most accessible resource for knife law I've found, so I hope this feature request doesn't come across as unappreciative or lazy. I just think that indexing basic knife criteria would be useful to a lot of people.
 16. Bryan says:
 If you could add information about federal motor carrier restrictions, I would be very grateful. I can not find any information about it anywhere. Being an interstate tractor trailer driver, I would really like to know these legalities.
Leave a Reply


text:
U of A scientists find that past learning and success play a role in how birds build their nests
When building a nest, past experience raising chicks will influence the choices birds make, according to a new study by scientists from the University of Alberta.
The results show that birds that have successfully raised families adhere to tried-and-true methods when building their nests, while less successful birds will try something new.
"We found that when presenting a choice between a familiar material, coconut fiber, and a material that had not been encountered before, the white thread, and zebra finches that had successfully raised chicks, preferred to stick to the same material that I had used previously." Explained Andres Camacho Albesar, PhD student at Faculty of Science, that birds that fail to raise chicks build nests with equal quantities of familiar and new materials.
Male Zebra Finch Choice series
The research shows that nest building is a behavior that builds on previous learning and experiences, and sheds new light on the decision-making processes that birds use when creating nests.
"It is very similar to human architecture that is always adapting – from changing patterns to improved building materials – and birds also adapt their nest-building behavior based on learning by trial and error," added Camacho Albizar, who conducted the study under Lauren's supervision. Guillette, Assistant Professor in the Department of Psychology.
The study also showed that all birds took fewer days to complete their second nests compared to the first.
Nests for Zebra Finch
Nests built by previously successful zebra birds (left) and unsuccessful (right). The nest on the left is primarily constructed of coconut fiber, which is a familiar material to birds. The nest on the right is built in a more equal proportion of familiar and new materials, in this case a white chain. (Image: Animal Cognition Research Group)
"This study adds to the small and growing field of research into nest-building behavior that challenges long-standing assumptions about why animals do what they do," Goylett said.
"While one can find many references in both the scientific and scientific literature indicating that nest building in birds is fully preprogrammed, our work demonstrates that birds learn and modify the materials they place in their nest based on previous breeding experiences with this or similar material.. "
This research was funded by the Canadian Council for Natural Sciences and Engineering.
The study, "If It's Not Broken Don't Fix It: Breeding Success Affects Nest Building Decisions" was published in Behavioral processes.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Supply Chain News Bites - Only from SCDigest
-March 11, 2010 -
Supply Chain Graphic of the Week: The Supply Chain ROI Probability Curve
 Graphics show the Power of using this Approach to Calculate and Analyze Project ROI
By SCDigest Editorial Staff
The reality of supply chain project ROI is that it is best represented as a probability curve, not as a single number (e.g., expected internal rate of return), as though the single number approach is by far the most commonly used method to calculate and evaluate ROI within the industry.
SCDigest Editor Dan Gilmore's First Thoughts column on this topic argued why probability is inherently a better and more accurate approach (even at the "price" of more complexity). It will often ultimately lead to better investment decisions, both in terms if "go/no go" and how to maximize total expected return by factoring in risk. (See The "Probability of Supply Chain ROI.)
This concept is illustrated in the graphic below. It takes some mental exercise to grasp the concept at first, but with that effort the idea should be clear in the end.
The approach starts in part by estimating the probability of savings or ROI in a number of different aspects of a project (e.g., what is the level of confidence we have that we will achieve this rate of inventory reduction?). Different components of savings and ROI a "Monte Carlo" simulation is run using something as simple as Excel to generate a range of ROI results based on those probabilities.
The result can be something like what is shown in the graphic. The X-axis represents different potential project ROI levels, ranging from negative returns to as much as 125% (this is just a specific example – the real results range would be specific to a given project).
The "expected" ROI is the ROI that occurs the most times in the simulation - or the top of the curve. Logically, returns slightly above or below that number are also seen a high number of times.
The probability of different scenarios can be determined by the "area under the curve for a given range of ROI (easily calculated). The total area under the entire curve would represent 100%. So, in this example, the probability that the project will have at least a positive ROI (the area under the curve to the right of 0%) might be something like 90%.
The probability that the ROI will exceed the corporate hurdle rate (everything to the tight of the red dashed line) might be about 70%.
ROI as Probability Curve
Source: Doug Hubbard, Hubbard Decision Research
This data could also be represented this way as well:
In this view, the potential ROI is divided into 20 ranges (e.g. 10-15%). The height of each range bar indicates its probability of occurrence, with the top probability being achieved by the two ranges that each top out at about 8%. So, if you added up the probability of each range to the right of the red line, it would total the probability that the project will exceed the corporate hurdle rate.
This kind of analytic power is very valuable.
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text:
Vacation Styles, Mental Well-Being and Work Motivation
Keywords:Mental - Wellbeing, Work Motivation, Workcation, Vacation, Gender
AbstractThe aim of the study was to scrutinize the differences in Mental Wellbeing and Work Motivation of corporate employees with respect to their gender and vacation styles, that is, workcation and vacation. The study also assessed the association between employees' work motivation and mental wellbeing. A descriptive study was carried out and the data was drawn from an online survey of 195 employees. The Work Motivation Questionnaire (Agarwal, 2012) and Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing scale (Taggart, 2016) were utilized to gather the data. Independent samples t-tests were used to interpret the differences in well-being and work motivation of corporate employees with regards to their gender and vacation styles, workcation and vacation. Correlation and linear regression were both employed to evaluate the link and effect of work motivation on mental wellbeing. The findings indicated that there were no significant differences in wellbeing and work motivation of employees based on their vacation styles. There was a significant difference in the wellbeing of employees with respect to their gender and no significant difference was found in employees' work motivation based on their gender. Work motivation was found to be significantly correlated with mental wellbeing, accounting for 21.3% of the variance in mental wellbeing can be explained by work motivation.
How to Cite
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.


Curve Fitting Toolbox
Smoothing a Histogram
This example shows how to use spline commands from Curve Fitting Toolbox™ to smooth a histogram.
Here is a histogram of some random values that might represent data that were collected on some measurement.
y = randn(1,5001);
We would like to derive from this histogram a smoother approximation to the underlying distribution. We do this by constructing a spline function f whose average value over each bar interval equals the height of that bar.
If h is the height of one of these bars, and its left and right edges are at L and R, then we want the spline f to satisfy
 integral {f(x) : L < x < R}/(R - L) = h,
or, with F the indefinite integral of f, i.e., DF = f,
 F(R) - F(L) = h*(R - L).
[heights,centers] = hist(y);
hold on
ax = gca;
ax.XTickLabel = [];
n = length(centers);
w = centers(2)-centers(1);
t = linspace(centers(1)-w/2,centers(end)+w/2,n+1);
p = fix(n/2);
fill(t([p p p+1 p+1]),[0 heights([p p]),0],'w')
plot(centers([p p]),[0 heights(p)],'r:')
h = text(centers(p)-.2,heights(p)/2,' h');
dep = -70;
tL = text(t(p),dep,'L');
tR = text(t(p+1),dep,'R');
hold off
So, with n the number of bars, t(i) the left edge of the i-th bar, dt(i) its width, and h(i) its height, we want
 F(t(i+1)) - F(t(i)) = h(i) * dt(i), for i = 1:n,
or, setting arbitrarily F(t(1)) = 0,
 F(t(i)) = sum {h(j)*dt(j) : j=1:i-1}, for i = 1:n+1.
dt = diff(t);
Fvals = cumsum([0,heights.*dt]);
Add to this the two end conditions DF(t(1)) = 0 = DF(t(n+1)), and we have all the data we need to get F as a complete cubic spline interpolant.
F = spline(t, [0, Fvals, 0]);
The two extra zero values in the second argument indicate the zero endslope conditions.
Finally, the derivative, f = DF, of the spline F is the smoothed version of the histogram.
DF = fnder(F); % computes its first derivative
h.String = 'h(i)';
tL.String = 't(i)';
tR.String = 't(i+1)';
hold on
fnplt(DF, 'r', 2)
hold off
ylims = ylim;


text:
Singapore's first public housing blocks built to be environmentally sustainable have become the testing ground for future projects.
From afar, the high-rises of Punggol Eco-Town look unremarkable, but they are the first large-scale experiment to make public housing eco-friendly in Singapore, a tropical city-state that is hot year-round.
Over 80% of Singapore's residents live in public housing, called HDBs, after the government agency that builds them.
"What we have done is that we put in various eco friendly features that helps in terms of capitalizing on the wind, enhancing greenery, reducing energy consumption, water usage, how to promote waste recycling, et cetera, all in one development," said Ng Bingrong, the project director, Treelodge@Punggol.
The eco-friendly methods range from commonplace and practical to highly innovative.
Plant-covered roofs naturally lower the buildings' temperature, and the towers' orientation, facing away from the sun, helps too. Painting the buildings white helps keep them cool and bring in sunlight.
But white walls also look dirty more quickly, so the government is testing self-cleaning paint, which breaks down grime as it is triggered by sun exposure.
Alan Tan, the director of HDB's Environment Sustainability Research team says the project's variety of experiments will have wider implications for future housing in Singapore.
"Punggol Eco-Town is in fact a living laboratory for us," said Tan. "This is where we test bed a lot of urban solutions for us to identify which of those are workable and for us to adopt, for us to introduce more to our public housing,"
Inside the apartments, tap water that goes down the drain is used to flush toilets. Solar energy powers elevators, lighting and water pumps.
And various indicators placed around the buildings, like the ones found in the elevators that show the amount of solar energy being outputted, provide constant reminders to the residents of the different lifestyle they are living.
But being eco-friendly comes at a higher price -- the sustainable buildings cost 7% more to build than traditional apartments.
The cost concerns have also sparked fiscal innovation, pushing the government to think of ways to make the eco-friendly features less expensive. One solution has been to lease, instead of buy, the building's solar panels from private companies.
"It's very difficult for the government to continuously provide the funding. So what we have done is that we will try to partner with the private industry," said Ng.
Under the scheme, the government subsidizes start-up costs, while the solar energy companies install the panels, maintain them and sell back the energy to the power providers to recoup their costs.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Why would researchers place a worm's mind into a Lego robot body? Why, fo' science! [cue stage lightening]
In a project called OpenWorm, researchers have coded the mind of a roundworm and combined that software with a Lego robot. They were able to watch what was happening within the software while the robot moved around. The robot did, apparently, continue to behave the same as a roundworm.
Of course this will continue to move into a place where human minds are uploaded into software. It is inevitable. Why? The god of science demands it. Demands it!
The god of science, in case you aren't aware, is Cthulhu.


Fun Games to Play With Your Husky
There are many fun games you can play with your Husky to keep them mentally stimulated.
In this guide, let's go through some great games you can play with your Husky as well as look at how each game stimulates your Husky.
Playing games with your Husky can help prevent destructive behavior such as digging holes or escaping your property.
Benefits of Playing With Your Husky
Huskies, like all dog breeds, love to play. Even though they are technically classified as 'working dogs', Huskies, like any other breed, enjoy playing games and spending time with others.
A Husky's curious and playful nature, coupled with extreme bursts of energy means that if they don't play, they quickly become bored.
This can lead them to destructive or negative behaviors to keep themselves entertained.
Husky digging hole
When a Husky starts escaping or digging up holes, it could be a sign of a lack of mental stimulation.
Playing games, either with humans or other pets, can ease that boredom, help them expel energy, and help strengthen any bonds they share with others.
If your Husky has been digging holes, check out this guide to deal with it properly.
What Games do Huskies Like to Play?
Huskies like to play all sorts of games that involve human/dog interaction or mental stimulation. Being an extremely energetic breed, they also enjoy games where they have the chance to run around or be active.
Huskies like to play games like tug-of-war, hide and seek, bubble chasey, and other games that involve running around.
Of course, every Husky is different, so it may take you a few failed games before you figure out what your Husky enjoys.
Husky running
For example, my Husky Sasha loves it when I chase her around the backyard. While she's obviously much faster than me and I could never catch her, she enjoys circling around and sprinting.
Once you find a game or two that your Husky loves, you'll find it easy to keep them mentally stimulated.
Let's go through a few games you can play with your Husky.
How to Play Tug-of-War With Your Husky
Tug-of-War is a great game to play with your Husky and is an easy way to incorporate some training into their routine.
Because of the rough-house nature of the game, some people misunderstand it and think that it encourages aggression.
But if you follow some simple rules, you will see that it is a fun game for all, that will improve overall fitness (for you and your Husky) and help enforce training commands.
Husky chew toy
Follow these steps to play Tug-of-War with your Husky:
 1. Hold out a tug toy to your Husky (check out recommended toys here) and tell them to take it (this is assuming you have already taught the 'take' command).
 2. Move the tug toy from side to side to keep their attention and make encouragement sounds when they 'tug back' to keep their interest and encourage them to continue. Make sure you hold on tight otherwise it won't be much of a game!
 3. After a little back and forth tugging, 'freeze' the game by stopping all movement. By doing this, the tug toy is effectively 'dead' and your Husky should lose interest. This is a great way to stimulate their prey and working drives without risk to smaller animals who may become victim to the game.
 4. Tell your Husky to drop the toy and give them a food reward when they do so. This enforces the obedience training and impulse control and keeps your Husky's mind stimulated. If they know that they will be rewarded for such behavior, they are more likely to listen to and obey the command.
 5. Pick up the toy immediately and tell your Husky to sit so that they can recover from the excitement of the game and reward.
 6. Once your Husky is calm, you can continue the game by repeating the above steps. Gradually delay the food reward for dropping the tug toy as the game progresses, and eventually faze it out, giving verbal encouragement instead.
For this game to be successful, there are a few things that you should note.
Be aware that only you should initiate this game. If your Husky wants to play Tug-of-War and is instigating it (in that way that only Husky's can), take note that they're interested but do not engage.
Wait until they have 'lost interest' before starting a game. This will press the point that you are the one in charge and that the game will only happen if you want it to.
The point of doing this is to prevent your Husky from thinking it's okay to start tugging at anything you're holding. You want your Husky to learn that this game can only be played at certain times.
Also, make them aware that any contact with your skin will mean the end of the game. If this happens, you need to walk away with the tug toy to show your Husky that the game is over. The only thing your Husky should come into contact with during this game is the tug toy.
Husky tug of war game
On ending the game, always make sure you take the toy with you. The tug toy is only for playing Tug-of-War and is not an 'everyday' toy. Only bring it out when playing this game with your Husky.
Can You Play Tug-of-War With a Puppy?
While most Huskies will enjoy playing this game, it is probably best to wait until your Husky is at least one year old before introducing this game to them.
Their bodies will still be growing and developing, and you don't want to risk hurting them (or putting unnecessary pressure on their teeth) at this age.
Younger Huskies will also have less knowledge of the commands involved, so it might be better to wait until they are a bit older to play this game.
How to Make a Fun Agility Course for Your Husky
You've probably seen videos of dogs that have been trained to run obstacle coursescompeting to finish the course in the best time and with as few mistakes as possible.
These competitions often involve a lot of dedication and commitment from both trainers and dogs to achieve the best results possible.
But this can also be a fun game for your Husky if you have the space and a little bit of time and patience. You don't even need to buy any equipmentyou can just use items you find lying around the house or yard.
This game is great for mental stimulation and expelling excess energy, and the course possibilities are endlesscheck out some videos for inspiration on how to turn your household items into a fun agility course for your Husky.
Here are some household items that can be used for different tasks:
 - Logs, sticks, PVC pipes, or broom handles can be used to jump over.
 - Hula hoops can be used to jump through (as long as you can find one big enough!)
 - Washing baskets can be used to jump over
 - Old doors or planks of wood can be used as ramps (make sure they are sturdy so that they don't collapse underneath your Husky)
 - Small cones or upside-down bowls can be used to weave between
 - Garden chairs or tables can be used to jump onto
Of course, if you're really serious about the game, you can always buy tunnels for your Husky to run through, or ready-made hurdles for them to jump over. There are a lot of items available to purchase.
Be aware that if you're taking the homemade option, you are careful that there are no sharp edges on the items you use. You don't want your Husky to injure themselves if they don't clear a jump properly, or if they fall onto a piece of equipment.
Once you've set up your course, you need to work through it with your Husky so they can learn how to complete it.
The best way to do this is to lead by example, walking through the course with your Husky so they can see exactly what is involved to complete it. Use treats as a way of leading them through each stage and reward them with the treat at the end of each section.
It is best to work through the course in stages, rather than all at once, as this makes it much more manageable to succeed without losing the interest of your Husky. Once they have mastered the course in this way a few times, see how they go with the whole thing.
It might take a little while, and there will be plenty of mistakes, but the end result (when they can complete the course successfully) will make it well worth it.
Of course, not all Huskies will be interested in a full agility course. The below video shows the challenges of training a Husky to focus on an agility course.
But you may find that even a simple agility prop is enough to stimulate your Husky.
How to Play Hide-and-Seek With Your Husky
Hide-and-Seek is an easy game to play that tests the problem-solving abilities of your Husky and is a lot of fun at the same time.
There are two variations to this game: you can hide a special toy or treat for your Husky to find, or you can hide and see how clever your Husky is at locating you.
Playing Hide-and-Seek with a toy or treat:
 1. Show your Husky the toy or treat. Allow them to sniff it so that they can recognize it. This works even better with a beloved toy or favorite treat because they will want to play with it


text:
As a workaround, follow this workflow:
1. Cap the top with a planar surface
2. Knit the 2 surface bodies and for a solid
3. Shell the solid with.5 mm
You will get this warning:
The Thickness value is greater than the Minimum radius of Curvature. The shell may succeed, but could cause undesirable results, such as bad geometry. To find the Minimum radius of Curvature, use Tools, Check.
That being said, the end result might be close enough to what you need:
BTW, there si an interesting warning on the shell feature in the tree:
OMG thank you so much! Finally got it to work!
It's cool that Alin solved your problem by using the Shell command. We often end up using Surfacing commands to work our way around failures of the Shell command and now the Shell command has the crowing rights. On the other hand, the warnings that the command gives you are worth listening to and thinking about, even if you decide to forge ahead. (Which I invariably do.)
You can often track down the problem areas in your part by using a smaller value for the thicken, doing a binary search to nail down the maximum thickness that will work. Visual examination of the maximum thickness part will often show where are an edge or surface is about to disappear. Sometimes you might find that a thicker part works, in which case you can do a similar binary search for the thinnest part that will build. Another approach is offset a surface from groups of faces to see if certain boundaries are causing the difficulty.
You might also want to run the stringent Check tool on your part to make sure that it is OK. Even a part that checks good may go bad later as you add more features. You might have to return to the early features to "fix" them so that the later features will work.


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 - a web browser software tool that can help with diagnosis of syndromes in patients
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Provides a flexible search facility, saves time and effort in researching and cross-referencing syndrome information.
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linked to over 30,000 images
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Steps to Start Adventure Racing
Even if you're an experienced triathlete, runner, mountain biker or kayaker—if you're new to adventure racing—your biggest challenge will undoubtedly be: "How do I get started?"
More: Ironman vs. Adventure Race
But if you are new to the sport, there are a few simple steps you can take to make it easy and not so intimidating to get your feet wet, so to speak. So familiarize yourself, do a little footwork and you'll soon immerse yourself in the exciting world of adventure racing.
More: What Is Adventure Racing?
1. Find your local adventure racing community. Do some research, reach out and ask questions. Get to know the other people involved—they'll become great friends and resources.
2. Find out what events and races are happening around you—or what events you may want to take a special trip to. It will allow you to keep a running calendar, which you can organize and hone as you go.
More: How to Plan Your Season
3. Volunteer at these events and races, at first, to get acquainted with the sport and the community. There's no better way to familiarize yourself than by taking some time to feel the world out, somewhat on the sidelines, before diving in.
4. Join the weekly activities in your community. Racing teams, local outdoor shops and other sponsors often coordinate to organize (mostly) free activities that encourage skill building, community building, training opportunities and that are an all around good time.
More: Adventure Race Teamwork
5. Attend free clinics. Many adventure race organizations also offer free clinics. Capitalize on that.
6. Do a sprint race and see how you like it. These races are usually about 4 hours for newbies (or 2, for the fastest teams) and are considered entry level for adventure racing. You can expect to be riding for 1.5 hours, trekking for an hour, and kayaking for 30 minutes.
More: An Introduction to Oreinteering
About the Author
Hani Juha owns and manages ARCalifornia and He's been an avid athlete and cyclist for years. His mission is to share his knowledge and passion for cycling and adventure sports with his community.
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text:
Colorado State Wildlife
© Mac Stone Colorado State Wildlife Action Plan Featured Image
In order to direct limited conservation resources toward the greatest need for Colorado's wildlife, the Colorado Division of Wildlife developed the Colorado Wildlife Action Plan. This Plan, prepared through a rigorous process of coordination with partners and stakeholders, identifies conservation priorities on three levels: habitats, watersheds, and focus areas.
In developing Colorado's State Wildlife Action Plan (SWAP), CDOW biologists identified those habitats within the state that warrant a higher sense of conservation urgency. The High Priority Habitats map depicts those habitats as represented by Southwest Regional GAP (SWReGAP) landcover classes. Once the SWAP high priority habitats were identified by biologists from CDOW, these habitats were then crosswalked to their equivalent SWReGAP ecological systems, and these systems were extracted from the landcover dataset to produce the High Priority Habitats map. The State Wildlife Action Plan's (SWAPs) high priority habitats data help users understand which habitats in the state warrant a higher sense of conservation urgency. These habitats are of conservation concern because they are declining in extent or condition, threats are high, and/or they support species of greatest conservation concern.
High Priority Watersheds data depict general patterns of distribution and concentration for the 19 fish species identified as Tier 1 Species of Greatest Conservation Need in Colorado's State Wildlife Action Plan. These data were derived from CDOW's aquatic species database, which includes information from CDOW field personnel, field observations, creel surveys, sampling, and other non-CDOW sources (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Bureau of Land Management, and U.S. Forest Service). The areas displayed within this dataset do not cover all critical aquatic waters within the state. Rather, they represent species richness based on general occurrence and distribution of Tier 1 fish species per USGS National Hydrological Dataset (NHD) broken up by HUC units at level 10. This dataset represents the best available, publically distributable data for these species at this time. The fish species represented by this dataset are: Arkansas darter, bonytail chub, brassy minnow, Colorado pikeminnow, Colorado River cutthroat trout, common shiner, greenback cutthroat trout, humpback chub, lake chub, northern redbelly dace, plains minnow, plains orangethroat darter, razorback sucker, Rio Grande chub, Rio Grande cutthroat trout, Rio Grande sucker, roundtail chub, southern redbelly dace, suckermouth minnow. The State Wildlife Action Plan's High Priority Watersheds data help users understand which watersheds in the state warrant a higher sense of conservation urgency. These watersheds are of conservation concern because they support the most at-risk fish species in the state. Several of these species are federally listed.
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What is the state wildlife of the state of Florida?
Florida's state bird is the Northern Mockingbird, state flower is the Orange Blossom, and one of it's state fish is the Large mouth bass. If you want to get down to all of the wildlife and details, then find all you need at


Effyom - Meaning of Effyom
What does Effyom mean?
[ syll. ef-fyom, eff-y-om ] The baby boy name Effyom is pronounced EH-FiyAAM †. Effyom's language of origin is African. Effyom is a variation of Effiom.
Baby names that sound like Effyom include Ebony (English), Efeom, Effiom, Efiom, Efyom, Epefano, Epifan, Eviun, Epefanio, Epifanee, Epifaney, Epifani, Epifano, Epifaneo, Eban (Hebrew), Eben (English, Hebrew, and Welsh), Ebenn, Ebin, Ebun, and Efan.
† approx English pronunciation for Effyom: EH as in "ebb (EH.B)" ; F as in "fee (F.IY)" ; IY as in "eat (IY.T)" ; AA as in "odd (AA.D)" ; M as in "me (M.IY)"
Meaning of Effyom Meaning of Effiom Meaning of Efeom Meaning of Effeom Meaning of Efiom Meaning of Efyom
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Explore Panama's Natural Wonders in the BioMuseo
The Biomuseum is an eye-opening experience detailing the impact of Panama on the world's biodiversity. It is a museum that explores the profound link between the country's history and its natural heritage. Designed by arguably the most celebrated architect of our era, Frank Gehry, the museum centers around the formation of the isthmus of Panama and features five galleries, a botanical park, and many temporary exhibitions. Its combination of unusual shapes and bright colors is a reflection of the exuberant local biodiversity and Panama's colorful culture. It is a testament to Panama's commitment to sustainability and is a "must visit" for any traveler.
This Activity is...
More Stops Along Panama's Cultural Heritage Experience
If you're looking for more activities that celebrate Panama's diverse culture and unique history, the Cultural Heritage Experience is where you'll find them.


Am I Evil Because of the Darkness? Vitamin D Explains The Hobbit
A medical journal's scientific analysis of diet, sunlight exposure, and of the role of vitamin D in fantasy characters is excellent.
"Systematic textual analysis of The Hobbit supports our initial hypothesis that the triumph of good over evil may be assisted to some extent by the poor diet and lack of sunlight experienced by the evil characters," write Dr. Nicholas Hopkinson of Imperial College London and his 15-year-old son Joseph Hopkinson in the current Medical Journal of Australia. They take advantage of the special Christmas edition of the journal to posit a physiologic contributor to a timeless duality at the core of fiction (and life), and why good characters tend to win:
A striking feature of fantasy literature has been the consistent victory of good characters over bad. While the consensus has been to attribute this to narrative conventions about morality and the necessary happiness of endings, we hypothesized that a major contribution to the defeat of evildoers in this context is their aversion to sunlight and their poor diet, which may lead to vitamin D deficiency and hence reduced martial prowess.
Their analysis is also an opportunity to remember that evil people in your life may just have a garden-variety vitamin deficiency or hormonal imbalance. You don't have to be afraid of them. Are they evil because they live in a dark cave, or do they live in a dark cave because they are evil? Does it matter? Assume the best and offer a fish. If you get eaten, you get eaten.


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Dashboard week has started.
Dashboard Week, The Data Schools' challenge to consultants nearing the end of their intense fourth month training before starting placement. The challenge for each day this week – create a dashboard and tell a story using a newly provided dataset each day. Each day will present a new challenge, requiring us to recall parts of our training to access data and create our dashboards. For example, we will at some point need to use an API to access the data. And to top it all off, we will then present our story dashboards to data school colleagues and staff.
Day 1 – Australian Charities
The first dataset, downloaded from the ACNC website contained information on registered charities across Australia. Inspecting the dataset, the data provided a general overview of registered charities looking at registered charities over the last 9 years. Looking closer, it contained information on:
- charity contact information,
- charities by where they operate in Australia,
- establishment and registration date,
- charities grouped by categories and sub-categories.
My approach to the challenge was to clean the data and then explore different aspects of the data. This took a bit of time but I was able to find my story. The focus being on the number of new charities registering and revenue reported.
One aspect of my approach that helped understand my story was in finding a user guide. The user guide from the ACNC website provided a detailed breakdown of the data contained in each column and some additional details. For example, I was able to identify the values for categories and sub-categories as well as make sense of any acronyms. Finding the user guide was a big help!
Inputting the data into Alteryx, overall it was fairly clean. However there were a few values to fix and the format was not ideal to start create my dashboard. For example, the categories and sub-categories for each charity was broken into individual columns which meant most of the rows were empty. My approach was to transpose the data so that I had one column each for categories and subcategories.
I was also able to add some additional information from the user guide into the dataset – revenue groups. This was done by matching the size of the charity with the revenue descriptions.
For simplicity and to get into Tableau, I outputted for tables from the original dataset with the intension of joining the data back up using relationships. I took this approach as some charities were grouped by multiple categories and subcategories which was not ideal to combine.
The hardest part about making this dashboard was thinking of the story. After playing around with the data and a few different charts, I was able to identify two trends:
1 – The number of charities reporting revenue has drastically declined since 2013
This could be due to charities not receiving any revenue or that they are simply not reporting. I took the view that charities weren't receiving revenue as I would have thought charities would need to report their revenue to keep their status with the Australian authority of charities (ACNC).
2 – The number of new charities registering across Australia has been declining over recent years
Adding to the first trend, I thought that looking at the decline of new charities registering could be linked to revenue. Drawing a conclusion that less organisations are becoming charities because charities are receiving less revenue.
Functionality included in the dashboard allows the user to drill down by year, state, revenue and sub-type (charity category) and compare multiple sub-types over these variables. I have also included help buttons to help with navigation and interactivity.


The Script Manager button accesses the script management system for building, configuring, and selecting your active script for live calls.
This button opens the home screen for the script management system. The script management system features are:
Script Manager
 1. Documentation - View our complete documentation for the script management system here.
 2. Create New Script - Create a new blank script.
 3. Script Name - Your script name. Is not shown to callers.
 4. Edit - Open the script editing system to edit the script.
 5. Delete - Completely and permanently remove the script.
 6. Duplicate - Make an identical copy of the script.
 7. Rename - Rename the script.
 8. Active - Select this script as the live script for callers. If multiple scripts exist, only one can be designated active. Active scripts will update within 5 minutes for callers.
Please review the complete documentation for our script management system here for more details and instruction.


Take the 2-minute tour ×
I'm comparing Entity Framework with NHibernate, and I'd like to know if when using SQL Server, what effect (if any) would enabling or disabling MARS support have on NHibernate?
MARS = Multiple Active Result Sets
The Entity Framwork documentation states the following:
When you call the Load method during a foreach (C#) or For Each (Visual Basic) enumeration, the Entity Framework tries to open a new data reader. This operation will fail unless you have enabled multiple active results sets by specifying multipleactiveresultsets=true in the connection string. For more information, see Using Multiple Active Result Sets (MARS) on MSDN. You can also load the result of the query into a List collection, which closes the data reader and enables you to enumerate over the collection to load referenced entities.
Does NHibernate has the same issue?
Additional information when connecting to SQL Azure
share|improve this question
Same as MOON (Multiple Object Oriented Network :) -- sorry, couldn't resist. – iDevlop Oct 5 '11 at 15:50
1 Answer 1
up vote 4 down vote accepted
The issue you're referring to is linked to "server side cursors", and as far as I know of nHibernate this shouldn't be an issue, simply because it don't use them.
If you're using LINQ to load objects in nHibernate, on the first access to the foreach enumeration, nHibernate load in memory the whole resultset of the query, and this way it can use the session's connection to load everything else. When using HQL query or Criteria, it will load the resultset when you call "List()" then it close the connection.
Entity framework on the flip side, try to be smart and make use of server side cursors when scrolling a collection via a foreach enumeration, so the objectContext's connection is "busy" with the server side cursor until the foreach enumeration is ended. If MARS is not enabled, EF can't use the connection to load another resultset (you can still issue other statements such update, insert and delete) and thus it will give you an error like "There is already an open DataReader associated with this Command which must be closed first" or something similar.
Hope this helps,
After some research I've found that nHibernate could use MARS, but still in ver there's no driver for SqlServer that supports it. Of course in the SqlClientDriver is not supported (as it is inteded for Sql2000 that has no support for MARS) but even in the Sql2008ClientDriver the relevant property is set to false. Anyway this is something I'll post to the nHibernate team as soon as possible
share|improve this answer
So then does NH not care about MARS at all? What if you try to lazy-load another entity while enumerating an IQueryable result set? Wouldn't that require MARS? Perhaps NH has some way around this, or just doesn't support it? – Matt Johnson Nov 7 '11 at 17:33
Well, I'm tempted to but I can't say that. I've taken a look at nHibernate source and found out that the nHibernate could potentially use MARS. The SqlClientBatchingBatcher is derived from AbstractBatcher which in turn check if "_factory.ConnectionProvider.Driver.SupportsMultipleOpenReaders" then it use an implementaion of IDataReader that make use of MARS (as far as I know just for SQLServer and Oracle). So nHibernate is aware of MARS and looking at the cose seems able to use it for batching, if it is available, however I haven't tried it so far. If you 'll do some test on it, let us know – mCasamento Nov 8 '11 at 13:48
Thanks for looking. I'll do some testing at some point. The concern came up because we are going to (eventually) be using SQL Azure with Federations, and it doesn't support MARS. We chose NHibernate for other reasons, but I'm working on the assumption that it does not require MARS and will still work when not enabled. I'll award you the bounty since yours was the only answer and was at least detailed enough to point me in the right direction. Thanks. – Matt Johnson Nov 8 '11 at 14:54
Glad to be helpful, glad for the points and... Glad you choose nHibernate! I've done the same comparison about 1 year and an half ago, and now I lead a big project with nHibernate. I also help on two other smaller projects developed with EF so I'm up to date with both, and day by day I see that are no other reason that a gentler learning curve to use EF with a real world business application (more than 50 entities) – mCasamento Nov 8 '11 at 20:51
The distinguishing factor for me was that NH can be extended through event listeners. EF had something that could achieve the same effect in CTP5 called "Custom Pluggable Conventions", but they dropped it for the 4.1 release and it hasn't come back yet in 4.2. So NH it is. – Matt Johnson Nov 9 '11 at 14:19
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Sitting Comfortably? Exploring Asian Aspirations and Professional Identity
The dental profession has recently undergone a number of radical changes, most notably with the introduction of the dental contract, which debuted in April 2006. Such a dynamic shift has been met with mixed responses and questions are currently being raised surrounding the professional and personal values of newly qualified dentists (The Patients' Association, 2008).
In turn, concerns are raised about levels of preparedness within higher education. As a community of educators, it is important for us to realise the ambitions of those we train to be professionals as we are somewhat responsible for instilling a sense of proficiency within them (Macfarlane, 2004). According to the higher education statistics agency, (HESA, 2006/07), predominantly large numbers of those studying to become dentists are of South Asian heritage and female. It is suggested that culture, in its broadest sense, has a significant impact upon their notion of professional identity.
Preliminary research is presented in this paper which highlights the aspirations of a sample group of dental students, from the South Asian community with respect to their profession. Initial findings reflect the discussions introduced by Bordieu (1984) on cultural capital and moreover its prevalent influence in terms of making professional choices.
Keywords: British-Asian Students, Professional Values, Cultural Identity, Higher Education
Dr. Deesha Chadha
Lecturer in Higher Education, King's Learning Institute, King's College London


What Does Umi Mean?
The name Umi means sea in Japanese and it is a word with a huge influence in the Asian community. However, it is a logotype of a hotel in London (Umi London) which acts as a synapse-joining staff, guests and nationalities allowing a constant flow of communication through everyone who comes into contact with the Umi brand.
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Alpha Ursae Minoris, or Polaris, has a magnitude of 1.97. It is also a Population I (high metal content, like our sun) Cepheid variable star, which means its magnitude changes over
University Museums in Scotland (preservation organization; various locations)
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text:
Xyce is an open source, SPICE-compatible analog circuit simulator developed by Sandia National Laboratories. It supports large-scale parallel computing platforms. As a consequence Xyce is capable of solving extremely large circuits.
Xyce can generate output files in multiple formats. BeSpice Wave reads the default file format (*.prn), CSV files (*.csv) and CSD files (*.csd). However these files are text based. This makes them human-readable but reading them by software is relatively slow.
Therefore BeSpice Wave is a lot faster when reading binary raw files (*.raw). These files are generated by Xyce when the command-line option -r is added. BeSpice Wave accesses these files like a database. That means the curve list is read very quickly and the corresponding data is parsed only when it is required. All data is re-read from file when the file changes in an ongoing simulation.
The evaluation version that is available from our downloads page reads *.prn files, *.csv files and *.raw files generated by Xyce.


Halo Nation
Planetary Security Intelligence
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A Planetary Security Intelligence, also known as PSI is a type of Artificial intelligence construct in service with the UNSC.[1] One such PSI was Loki, who served on the UNSC Skidbladnir. They are generally kept secret by, in one case, swapping positions with another AI. They help conduct defense operations and evacuations in the event of an invasion of a UEG colony by Covenant forces, an example of such being the first Covenant invasion of Harvest.
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1501-6-10 Definitions.
(A) "Annual recession rate" means the average rate, expressed in feet per year, at which the recession line moves landward. The annual recession rate shall be based on a time period not less than ten years nor greater than thirty years prior to the year that the base-map imagery was acquired. In no case shall the annual recession rate used to calculate the anticipated recession distance be less than zero.
(B) "Anticipated recession distance" means the center-weighted moving average of distances, equal to thirty times the annual recession rate, as determined at five consecutive transects. Anticipated recession distances less than thirty times the "calculated accuracy limit" (refer to paragraph (H) of this rule) shall be equal to zero.
(C) "Barrier beach" means a narrow, elongate sand ridge rising above lake level and extending generally parallel with the mainland shore, but separated from it by a body of water or a wetland.
(D) "Base recession line" means the recession line mapped from synoptic aerial photography, remote sensing imagery, digital data, or maps used to create the recession-line base map upon which coastal erosion areas are designated. The coastal erosion area shall be designated by measuring anticipated recession distances from the base recession line.
(E) "Beach" means A zone of unconsolidated material that extends landward from the shoreline to the toe of the bluff or dune. Where no bluff or dune exists, the landward limit of the beach is either the line of permanent vegetation or the place where there is a marked change in material or physiographic form.
(F) "Bluff" means a bank or cliff with a precipitous, steeply sloped face adjoining a beach or a body of water.
(G) "Bluff line" means the point of inflection where the slope of the upland surface changes to begin its descent to the beach or shoreline.
(H) "Calculated accuracy limit" means the potential error in recession rate resulting from the limit of image resolution and measurement inaccuracies and shall be calculated by dividing a fixed error of five feet by the time period in years over which the annual recession rate is calculated.
(I) "Coastal erosion area" means those land areas along lake Erie anticipated to be lost due to lake Erie-related erosion within a thirty-year period if no additional approved erosion control measures are completed within that time. These areas include land lakeward of the base recession line where anticipated recession distances are greater than zero and extend landward from the base recession line for a distance equal to the anticipated recession distance. Where anticipated recession distances are equal to zero, coastal erosion areas shall not be designated either lakeward or landward of the base recession line.
(J) "Dike" means any artificial barrier together with appurtenant works that shall be used either TO:
(1) Divert or restrain the flow of a stream or other body of water for the purpose of protecting an area from inundation by flood waters; or
(2) Maintain water levels in the diked area for the purposes of managing a wetland.
(K) "Dune" means a ridge or hill of loose, windblown sand, the crest of which typically trends parallel to the shoreline.
(L) "Erosion" means the loss or displacement of land along the lakeshore due to wave attack, ice scour, mass wasting, or other related erosion processes.
(M) "Erosion control measure" means a structure or actions specifically designed to reduce or control lake Erie-related erosion of the shore. Examples include, but are not limited to, groins, jetties, dikes, seawalls, revetments, bulkheads, breakwaters and artificially nourished sand and/or gravel beaches.
(N) "Fill land" means artificial land made by placing substantial fill and associated erosion control measures in lake Erie.
(O) "Mass wasting" means the downslope movement of material due to gravity. Examples of mass wasting include but are not limited to rotational slumps, debris flows, block falls, and rock falls.
(P) "Recession" means the landward retreat of the shore due to erosion.
(Q) "Recession distance" means the distance between two recession lines. The recession distance shows how far the "recession line" (refer to paragraph (R) of this rule) receded during a given time period.
(R) "Recession line" means the landform used for mapping recession of the shore, which shall include but is not limited to:
(1) Where the shore is a bluff, the recession line shall be the bluff line. Examples are shown in figure 1 of this rule.
(2) Where the shore is a sand spit with a dune or a barrier beach with a dune, the recession line shall be the top of the wave-cut face in the dune or the crest of the dune.
(3) Where the shore is a low-lying sand spit lacking a dune or a barrier beach lacking a dune, the recession line shall be the crest of the spit or barrier.
(4) Where the shore is a wetland, the recession line shall be the lakeward line of persistent emergent vegetation.
Figure 1: Examples of how recession lines are picked at bluff edge.
(5) Where the shore is diked, the recession line shall be the top of the lakeward-facing slope of the dike.
(6) Where low-lying waterfront areas are protected by a seawall, bulkhead, or revetment, the recession line shall be the top of the lakeward-facing slope of the structure.
(S) "Sand spit" means a narrow embankment of land composed of sand and gravel deposited by littoral processes which has one end attached to the shore and the other terminating in open water.
(T) "Shore" means the land bordering the lake.
(U) "Shoreline" means the line of intersection of lake Erie with the beach or shore.
See Figure 1 at
(V) "Wetland" means an area that is inundated or saturated by surface or groundwater at a frequency and duration sufficient to support, and that under normal circumstances does support, vegetation typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions. Wetland includes without limitation swamps, marshes, bogs, and fens.
Eff 9-8-91; 6-14-96
Rule promulgated under: RC Chapter 119.
Rule authorized by: RC 1506.02
Rule amplifies: RC 1506.02, 1506.06


text:
This document describes principles and tools to control a manufacturing process in accordance with a GPS specification. For this purpose a set of one or more complementary, independent characteristics (size, form, orientation, and location characteristics independent to each other) that correlate to the manufacturing process parameters and to the manufacturing process coordinate system established from the manufacturing datum system are used.
This document describes the concept of decomposition of the macro-geometrical part of the GPS specification. It does not cover the micro-geometry, i.e. surface texture.
The objective of the decomposition presented in this document is to define correction values for manufacturing control or to perform a statistical analysis of the process.


wood ash uses and benefits around home and yard
Wood Ash Use and Benefits
Do you have a wood burning fireplace but don't know what to do with the messy ash? Don't throw it away! Wood ash has many practical uses around the home and even in the garden/yard. Here are some benefits of using wood ash outside of the fireplace.
White wood ash can be used to clean and maintain your home. Using ash is a good alternative to some cleaning products. Test a small area that is hidden before using on or near fabrics and furniture. If you want to get rid of dirt and grime on glass, stainless steel or frying pans, dry ash can help. You can clean the glass window of your oven or even the fireplace door by dipping a damp sponge in ash and scrub the glass gently. For a homemade silver polish that's nontoxic, make a paste of ash and water, then rub with a cloth.
Ash has the power of melting ice on driveways and front walkways. You can sprinkle ash on icy spots and the ice will melt within a day, without hurting the soil or concrete underneath. You can also combine white ash with water to form a paste, which can remove stains from driveways. Gently buff the paste into the surface and then wipe it off with a soft cloth. You can also use dry ash to remove wet paint on cement. Sprinkle ash directly on the wet paint splatters and it will be absorbed by the ash.
Other than sunlight and water, plants need elements that can be found in ash, such as phosphorus, potassium, calcium and boron. Ash is very alkaline and raises pH levels in garden soil, which is a great environment for seeds to grow. Ash also acts as a pest repellent. It gets rid of slugs and snails when spread evenly around garden beds.
Ash is a great odor remover. Place a small bowl of ash in the fridge and change it every two days until the bad smell is gone. For pet odors, you can sprinkle ash in cat litter boxes to neutralize the smell.
Beware, after using the ash, store it in a fireproof container with the lid shut to choke any embers.


text:
Under the Dreamcatcher
Acrylic painting. Reminiscent of my medical elective in Moose Factory at Weeneebayko Hospital.
In late April, at the time of the Moose River ice "break-up," we wore our rubber boots to protect our scrubs as we traveled the muddy roads to get to Weenebayko Hospital, Moose Factory. 'We' are the medical students who travel by airplane to this remote and rural reserve in Northern Ontario. Like many First Nation Reserves, Moose Factory has a strong Indigenous Culture. This acrylic painting is a reflection of the two types of health care provided to the community. The Dreamcatcher in the sky as a symbol of Indigenous spirituality and the hospital in the background as a symbol of Western medicine. The scene is inspired by an Icaro, a traditional indigenous song that is whistled during a plant ceremony. As Canada's northern communities experience barriers to health distribution, the promise of valuing local indigenous healing methods could not only save lives but also harmonize these two valuable medicinal practices.


text:
Plant Inspection Training
TWI offers plant inspector training courses at three competency levels, in modular format, for a clearly defined and structured career path. Each level leads to an internationally recognised CSWIP qualification.
Resources of successful plant operators can be stretched when faced with unforeseen problems or when time-investment is required for long-term planning. TWI plant inspector training courses prepare engineers for these pressures by teaching them how to identify the most cost-effective practical solution using state-of-the-art assessment tools and techniques.
This internationally recognised CSWIP plant inspector certification scheme responds to the critical need of industry to ensure that engineers involved in asset integrity management are suitably qualified to deliver optimised plant inspection and assessment.
CSWIP Plant Inspector - Level 1
CSWIP Plant Inspector - Levels 2/3
These plant inspection courses are designed for plant engineers, welding/NDT inspectors/practitioners, materials and corrosion engineers, and plant inspectors responsible for managing the safety and integrity of ageing process equipment, pipelines, boilers and storage tanks.
The scheme will suit personnel working for manufacturing works (Vendor), inspection organisations, equipment owners and operators, classification societies, insurance companies and safety regulators. The training has three goals:
to ensure inspectors and engineers responsible for assessing plant integrity have the essential tools and skills
to recognise and certify plant inspector competence
to provide a structured career path for continuing professional development of plant integrity practitioners through formal training/certification


text:
Orange Marmalade II
Recipe type: Marmalade
- 12 Seville Oranges
- 2 lemons
- 5.5kg (12 lb) sugar
- 7l (12 pints) of water
- Peel the lemons and the oranges.
- Slice the peel as thinly as possible and place in a large bowl.
- Pulp the flesh of the oranges and lemons, and remove the pips.
- Add the mashed fruit to the large bowl.
- Add 6.5l (11½ pints) of the water, and leave the bowl to stand for 24 hours.
- Pour the remaining 500ml (1/2 pint) of water into a small bowl and add all the pips from the fruit. Leave this for 24 hours too.
- Strain the water and pips through a muslin bag, keeping the water and adding it to the bowl containing the fruit.
- Pour the fruit mix into a preserving pan and boil until the peel is really tender - about 2 to 3 hours.
- Add the sugar whilst constantly stirring and bring to the boil.
- Cook on a rolling boil until the juice becomes clear and glossy, and a test sample of the marmalade will set.
- Pour into jars and seal.
To make the marmalade more bitter crush the pips before adding to the water. Hitting them with a hammer works well.


=over =item grep BLOCK LIST X =item grep EXPR,LIST This is similar in spirit to, but not the same as, grep(1) and its relatives. In particular, it is not limited to using regular expressions. Evaluates the BLOCK or EXPR for each element of LIST (locally setting C<$_> to each element) and returns the list value consisting of those elements for which the expression evaluated to true. In scalar context, returns the number of times the expression was true. _USER_ = grep(!/^#/, _USER_); # weed out comments or equivalently, _USER_ = grep {!/^#/} _USER_; # weed out comments Note that C<$_> is an alias to the list value, so it can be used to modify the elements of the LIST. While this is useful and supported, it can cause bizarre results if the elements of LIST are not variables. Similarly, grep returns aliases into the original list, much as a for loop's index variable aliases the list elements. That is, modifying an element of a list returned by grep (for example, in a C, C or another C) actually modifies the element in the original list. This is usually something to be avoided when writing clear code. If C<$_> is lexical in the scope where the C appears (because it has been declared with C) then, in addition to being locally aliased to the list elements, C<$_> keeps being lexical inside the block; i.e., it can't be seen from the outside, avoiding any potential side-effects. See also L for a list composed of the results of the BLOCK or EXPR. =back


text:
If you want to learn a cool easy effect in iMovie, the picture in picture effect is one of those. You know when you watch a news report and see a reporter talk about something going on in the world. Well the majority of the time, you'll see either a picture or video of that event on part of the screen. That's basically what the picture in picture effect does. It adds a video or picture over the top of another video so that they can both be played and seen at the same time.
You're probably thinking that the picture in picture effect must be difficult to achieve in a basic editing program like iMovie. Well guess what? You're in luck! It's super easy and this iMovie picture in picture tutorial video will show you exactly what I mean.
iMovie Picture in Picture Tutorial Video
Now that you've watched this video you should be ready to add the picture in picture effect to any video you create. That is if it needs it of course. Here's a recap of the steps to remember:
iMovie Picture in Picture Tutorial Steps
1. As always, start a new project.
2. Add a video or picture to your project.
3. Find another video or picture and drag it directly over the top of the first clip or picture you added to your project.
4. Select "Picture in Picture" in the list of options.
5. Make the proper adjustments to that clip. (Resize and move the clip or picture where you want it on the screen).
6. Finally, hit done.
Just like that you have learned how to use the picture in picture effect in iMovie. Don't be surprised either when you realize how much you use this effect for a variety of things in iMovie.


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£1: Scotland: Forth Railway Bridge
Years of issue:
6 - Common
The third series of £1 coin designs depicts bridges from each of the four constituent countries in the United Kingdom. This coin features the Forth Railway Bridge to represent Scotland. The Forth Bridge is a cantilever railway bridge to the East of Scotland which connects the capital city Edinburgh with Fife. Construction began in 1883 and it was the first major structure in Britain to be constructed of steel, using ten times as much as the Eiffel Tower.
You might be interested in:
Change Checker Scarcity Index: 6
Own the UK 2004 Forth Bridge £1


Three of Earth (Pentacles)
Arcane Glyphs Tarot.
It is very difficult to learn and notice the parts of the Page of Earth (Pentacles). That is Two, Three and Four of Earth (Pentacles). These parts are fully active from the first day of man, unlike other functions, which the person must learn and develop.
Three of Earth (Pentacles) - Arcane Glyphs Tarot
Three of Earth (Pentacles) is active 24 hours a day, just like the Two of Earth (Pentacles). The difference is that the Three of Earth (Pentacles) is more busy with physical system maintenance.
It is a monotonous activity, not in-depth tests and treatments. That is, the Three of Earth (Pentacles) perform an automatic check and repair of the system.
In the event of a more unusual problem, the Three of Earth (Pentacles) do not know and can not handle.
In these cases, the problem is addressed by other parts responsible for it.
Because the operations of the Three of Earth (Pentacles) are entirely mechanical and do not require attention and intervention, intervention in this function, or an attempt to bring attention to this function, can cause damage. If a person succeeds for some reason to change something in this function, he should change all the other parts associated with this function. Otherwise, there will be damage.
The Three of Earth (Pentacles) also represent people, who usually focus on what is related to the physical world.
They will deal with what is related to their physical bodies, healthy food, healthy living, energy-saving, and so on. Usually, their lives will be filled with rutin and simplicity.
The Three of of Earth (Pentacles) enjoys health care, and may even try to persuade and influence others to act like him.
Sometimes the Three of Earth (Pentacles) tends to exaggerate his health pursuits, and it can manifest itself in various forms, sometimes even hypochondria.
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BioShock Infinite Language Settings FAQ
Does BioShock Infinite have full language packs?
Yes, BioShock Infinite is available with full language audio support and subtitles in several languages. The audio dialogue and subtitles will both play in your preferred language, as determined by your platform settings.
What languages can I play BioShock Infinite in?
Copies of BioShock Infinite in most territories will have access to English, French, Italian, German, and Spanish localizations.
Russian, Polish, and Japanese are only available in their respective territories.
I live in a CIS country, will EFIGS localization be available for me?
Yes, Russian and CIS copies will also have English, French, German, Italian and Spanish localization. The same goes for Polish and Japanese copies.
For more information about the Russian and Polish-language versions of BioShock Infinite, please contact 1C Support:
Are save files in BioShock Infinite bound to one specific language?
No, you are free to change your system's language at any time. Save files are compatible with any language pack.
How do I change the language that my game plays in?
In general, BioShock Infinite will play in the language detected by the platform's system settings. On PC, it will play in its detected Steam settings.
Change your Xbox 360 console language
To change the language setting on your Xbox 360 console, follow these steps:
 1. Press the button on your controller, go to , and then select .
 GuideSettingsSystem Settings
 2. Select Console Settings.
 3. Select Language and Locale.
 4. Select Language.
 5. Select the language that you want to use.
 6. The game should now launch in your selected language
 7. More information can be found at the following: _URL_
Change your PS3 console language
To change the language setting on your PlayStation 3 console, follow these steps:
 1. From the XMB (Playstation dashboard), select Settings and press X
 2. Select System Settings and press X
 3. Select System Language and press X
 4. The menu will present a list of available languages to choose from. Select the language of your choice and press the X button to confirm.
 5. The game should now launch in your selected language
 6. More information can be found at the following: _URL_
Change your Steam language (PC)
In Steam, the language setting can be changed by either changing the global language settings for your Steam Client, or by changing the properties for just this game. To change the language settings specific to BioShock Infinite in Steam, follow these steps:
 1. Log into your Steam account
 2. Right click on BioShock Infinite from the Steam game library and choose Properties.
 3. Go to the Language tab
 5. Click OK
 6. Upon launching the game, Steam will download and install the required language files.
 7. Once the language files are installed, you should be able to launch the game in your preferred language.
 8. More information can be found on the following page:
Have more questions? Submit a request
Article is closed for comments.


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This Comment urges that under California law, both adoptees and birthparents should have recognized constitutional rights to privacy in the information contained in court adoption files and original birth certificates. Part I examines the history of sealed adoption records in the United States and in California and how the social forces of the time contributed to the sealing of previously open records. Part II discusses the need for legislative reform by examining policy arguments supporting open records. Part III examines constitutional rights of privacy under the United States and California Constitutions respecting both birthparents and adoptees. Part IV argues that the California legislature should declare privacy rights in sealed adoption records for both adoptees and birthparents. Part V analyzes AB 1349 and concludes that in both versions the privacy rights of birthmothers who do not desire disclosure are not adequately protected by the inclusion of a contact preference option. In addition, the failure of the amended bill to allow access to the court adoption files ensures that the informational privacy rights of both birthparents and adoptees in these records will continue to go unrecognized and unprotected. Finally, Part VI recommends statutory changes in the California adoption records law that will sufficiently protect the competing privacy rights of adoptees and birthparents. To rectify the current situation, there should be a presumption of openness in all adoption records, as well as a shift in the burden of persuasion to show why the records should not be opened.
Opening The Door To The Past: Recognizing The Privacy Rights Of Adult Adoptees And Birthparents In California's Sealed Adoption Records While Facilitating The Quest For Personal Origin And Belonging, 32 Golden Gate U. L. Rev.


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- (latitude, longitude) points $P_1, P_2,\ldots, P_n$.
- Presumably, all the points should form a dense cloud. However, noise is possible.
- The virtual center of the points.
For instance, 99% of the points may lie within a circle with 1km radius, except for 1% scattered outside that circle at a distance larger than 1km from any point inside the circle. Then this 1% is noise.
Unfortunately, I do not know how to define the noise properly. But the virtual center I am looking for should be close enough to most of the points. If most of the points are close to it, then I do not mind that some be far away.
If it is not too hard, I would like to be able to recognize more than one dense cloud amongst the points. In which case, each cloud could be reduced to its virtual center and thus I will have to find the new virtual super center of the virtual center cloud. That super center is the final result.
I am not a mathematician, so my descriptions are vague. But I am pretty sure that this is a well known problem and it probably has a trivial solution.
This question is similar to Detect Abnormal Points in Point Cloud, however, my space is two dimensional, which probably does not matter. Still.
The points are indeed on the surface of a sphere, a spheroid actually, Earth more precisely. However, the distance between them is not large enough to take the Earth curveture into account, so it may be safely assume that the surface is flat and longitude is X and latitude is Y.


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Elizabeth Bowdoin was the daughter of Massachusetts governor James and Elizabeth (Erving) Bowdoin. In 1767, she married fellow Bostonian John Temple, a surveyor general of customs and lieutenant governor of colonial New Hampshire. Temple inherited a baronetcy that made him Sir John Temple in 1786 and also made his wife Lady Temple. Thus the mourning ring made to commemorate her death features the dedication "DOWAGER.ELIZABETH.LADY.TEMPLE[.]" It consists of a plain gold band with a black enamel ground that features a stylized palm leaf and gold text in upper-case roman lettering.
The interior curve to the narrow band was a feature that was prevalent during the mid 18th century. In fact, the entire style of the ring is very much in the neoclassical vein. An inscription inside the band reads, "Obt. 25th.. Oct r.. 1809 A't. 59." Residing in Boston at the time of her death, Lady Temple was buried in the Bowdoin vault in the Granary Burying Ground on Tremont Street.
The Massachusetts Historical Society also has the 1805 silhouette mourning ring of Lady Temple's husband, Sir John.


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What is a Europe Direct Information Centre?
The Europe Direct Centre (EDIC) at Sligo Library is your starting point for finding information about the EU. The centre provides access to material covering a wide variety of topics, including:
- General information about how the EU works.
- Information about the various EU institutions and agencies.
- The latest news about EU affairs and events.
- Information about citizen rights in the EU.
The Europe Direct Centre at Sligo Library is part of a network of similar centres across the European Union, including 8 more across the Republic of Ireland. The Sligo centre is located with the Local Studies Library towards the rear of the building as you come in the main entrance of the Library


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AD Op Master Roles monitor. This monitor measures the general responsiveness of each operations master. The monitor periodically reports the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) bind and Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) ping time from each domain controller that is an operations master.
Associated rules generate alerts if a certain number of consecutive errors occur during these tests for a given operations master. This monitor tests the primary domain controller (PDC) emulator operations master every time it runs. The other operations masters are tested less frequently (as adjusted by a script parameter), unless an error occurred the last time a test was performed. In this case, the test is performed every interval until it completes successfully.
See associated alerts for details.


Rendering LaTeX using KaTeX and Jekyll
 06 December 2014 │
 LaTeX, Jekyll
So as a Ph.D. student who studies in Computer Science, using LaTeX to render the equations in my blog is inevitable. In general, I hope the render can support the following features:
The most popular way to render LaTeX within Jekyll is using MathJaX. There are lots of blogs (e.g. this) to show you how to configure it. But MathJaX has a huge shortage on rendering speed. It's slow, not for a bit, but so slow that you can see the web page refreshing itself.
Recently, I came across a new project KaTeX. It's fast as you can see the comparison below in which KaTeX is on the left and MathJax is on the right.
KaTeX vs Mathjax
So how to make KaTeX work in the Jekyll? Will Drevo offers a comprehensive manual to make it work. However, it requires us to write LaTeX code inside HTML div block. And I found this blog to explain how to use KaTeX with JavaScript. Combining both of these works, and with some extra effort, I find the approach to use KaTeX seamlessly inside Jekyll.
First of all, we need to configure Jekyll using Kramdown as markdown parser and MathJax as Kramdown's math engine. In result, inline math equation will be rendered into a script block with "math/tex" as type. Like this: tex code . Similarly the display style math equation will turn into a script block with "math/tex; mode=display" as type. Like this: tex code .
Secondly, let us put the required resources into the HTML head.
Finally, with the power of jQuery and KaTeX, we replace all the TeX code block to rendered high quality equations fast. But remember, this JavaScript should be loaded at the end of HTML file.
Here's the final result of rendered equation in below. Also you can do whatever custom you want in CSS file using class inline-equation and equation.
P(x)=1σ2πe(xμ)22σ2 P(x)=\frac{1}{\sigma\sqrt{2\pi}}e^{-\frac{(x-\mu)^2}{2\sigma ^2}}


Home » News » World
Love stories of Indian soldiers, who fought World War I to appear in film
Wednesday, 9 July 2014 - 11:32am IST | Place: New Delhi | Agency: PTI
 - dna Research & Archives
Heartwarming stories, including romantic ones, about Indian soldiers who fought in the First World War as part of the British Army, culled from archives and personal testimonies, feature in a new documentary.
The upcoming feature-length film "Mademoiselle France Pleure" (Miss France is in tears) attempts to piece together the lesser known fact about the 1.4 million Indian soldiers and civilian workers who came to France and Belgium to defend France's freedom against invasion.
"The soldiers faced various hardships, casualties and diseases in the war. The feature-length documentary attempts to show their specific situations within the British Army and hospitals," says Vijay Singh, an Indian filmmaker and novelist based in Paris.
Singh, who has shot critically acclaimed feature films like "Jaya Ganga" and "One Dollar Curry" in the past was here recently to announce the project and firm up plans to shoot in countries including India, France, Austria and Belgium.
"Everybody remembers India's freedom struggle, but very few or in fact nobody would remember the contribution made by Indian soldiers during the World War I about the role played by Indian soldiers during the World War I," says Singh.
The filmmaker attempts to show various tragicomic situations faced by the French and the British while feeding Indian soldiers according to their strict religious beliefs and the hospitality of French hostesses, which won the hearts of Indian soldiers during their convalescence in French barns.
With the initiative of the French government and embassy, Singh, says he has been successful in gathering testimonies from the archives and descendents, in France, India, Belgium and UK of the brave soldiers out of which 10,000 did not even return home.
There are accounts of the soldiers who fell in love with French women during their stay in France and had children with them.
"In one such camp when the Indian soldiers were going to the battlefield, the French women carried placards which read - "Miss France in Tears", says Singh explaining the title of his documentary.
Singh's film also features a 71-year-old woman whose grandfather was an Indian. The woman's narrative is among the numerous interviews, which make up the documentary. A part of the feature film was shot in Chamba, Uttarakhand where the "Gabbar Singh Negi Mela" is still held every year on April 21, for the past 94 years with assistance from the Chatwal Regiment of the Indian Army.
The filmmaker has interviewed people who recount that the French were spellbound when they saw the Sikh soldiers combing their hair or tying their turbans and the spectacle of Indian soldiers having a bath in between two trains or even the khaki shorts they donned.
"What astonished the French was the huge cavalry and cattle that the Indian regiment had arrived with. Special costumes that were nothing but long leggings arranged for the Gorkhas made them look like minions," Singh says.
The upcoming documentary is set to include a high profile ceremony of the Neuve Chapelle Battle Memorial (a memorial which has been set up to pay tribute to the Indian soldiers in France) in 2015.
"It would be a ceremony to commemorate 100 years of the World War I. The event would be marked by a parade and different events to commemorate the historic day (July 14) when World War 1 began" Singh says.
The soldiers wrote about their experiences in around 600 letters when they were in hospitals, records of which are maintained in the Haryana Academy of Art and Culture. "Soldiers used to send one rupee from their monthly salary to the academy, which went towards education of students," says the filmmaker. Singh says he researched for the past three years for the film, which is set to be made in various languages and would be produced by France Television.
"Not many pictures have been available of the Indian soldiers except the ones from the hospitals where King George V had gone to visit them," Singh says. Singh has used rare film footage, photographs, portraits, Indian war songs, sound recordings, interviews with the descendants of the soldiers.
"This is a remarkable example of what India and France can do together. The history of both the countries is not known in detail and this documentary will promote the relationship between both the countries," says an official from the French Embassy, where Singh showed some photographs from his upcoming film at an event recently.
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- How can we decipher the symbolism of Maus 2, extracting more meaning from only the images?
- Frame analysis:
- DescribeDescribe the frame in detail. Make sure you find even the smallest pieces of information that are hiding within the illustration.
- ExplainExplain the meaning of each of the objects and details in this frame. What do these things symbolize or represent? Why does the author use this image instead of another one? What message is the author trying to convey through this frame?
- ExpandShow how this frame and its different meanings relate to the rest of the book or to your own life.
4. Use Photo Booth to take a picture of the frame you would like to analyze.
5. Annotate the photo with description, explanation, and expansion using preview (after you have converted it to a PDF)
6. Go to Slideshare.net and upload your file… Make sure that you tag it with maus2.
7. Look at our greatness.
- Using a backchannel to discuss and ask questions about Animal Farm (While we read).
- Text animalfarm and then your question or comment to 41411.
- I also need a google jockey to get images that help to express what is going on in Animal Farm.
- Read Chapters 9 and 10 of Animal Farm.


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The Truth About Divorce After Traumatic Brain Injury
Comments [32]
Jeff Kreutzer and Jenny Marwitz, Virginia Commonwealth Model Systems of Care
The Truth About Divorce After Traumatic Brain Injury
Have you heard that the divorce rate after brain injury is really high? Have you read that the divorce rate for couples after brain injury is higher than the divorce rate for the general population? If you are a spouse or survivor of brain injury, you may be wondering whether your marriage is at risk.
Media reports suggest that as many as one half of all marriages in the United States will end in divorce. In fact, recent census data indicates that nearly half of all marriages will end in divorce. Believing that the divorce rate after brain injury is higher than the general divorce rate could be very frightening.
Research has given a mixed picture of divorce rates after brain injury. In the 1970s, researchers began to study post-injury divorce rates and found that 40% of couples were either separated or divorced seven years after injury. A review of studies published after 1980 shows alarmingly high post-injury divorce rates ranging from 48% to 78%.
There is little doubt that brain injury can strain marriages. Spouses often take on many of the injured person's responsibilities, though they may have little experience with their new responsibilities. Unemployment rates after brain injury are relatively high and many insurance companies do not cover the costs of therapy, adding to financial stresses. Brain injury often brings on drastic personality changes which may include irritability, depression, limited awareness of injury-related changes, and argumentativeness. Some spouses have reported, "I'm married, but have no husband" and/or "I'm married to a stranger."
Knowing the importance of marriage and the need to provide families with valid information, Traumatic Brain Injury Model System (TBIMS) researchers at Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) looked more closely at research on marriage after brain injury. They found that many of the earlier studies were carried out in Europe where the social and legal system is different than the United States. Furthermore, many of the studies relied on small sample sizes which may not accurately reflect the larger population.
In 2007, Virginia Commonwealth University TBI Model Systems researchers published one of the first comprehensive investigations of marriage after brain injury. The researchers gathered information from 120 people with mild, moderate, and severe injuries who were married at the time of their injury. Survivors three to eight years post-injury, averaging 41 years of age, were asked about their marital status. Results showed that 3 out of 4 (90/120) remained married at the time of follow-up.
As a result of their research, the VCU investigators became concerned that past studies may have produced misleading negative information. In their published research paper, the authors stated, "The present investigation does not [support] the notion that divorce rates for persons with brain injury are higher than those for the general population."
In 2008, VCU investigators led a multicenter research team which investigated marital stability after brain injury. Information on marital status was collected at 16 NIDRR-funded TBI Model Systems around the country. This study was the largest scale study on marriage after brain injury to date and included 977 persons from different ethnic and cultural backgrounds. The research team found that 85% of survivors remained married for at least two years post injury.
In summary, recent research suggests the rate of divorce after brain injury may, in fact, be much lower than divorce rates for the general population. The news is encouraging. While some spouses report more stresses and marital troubles post-injury, some report connecting with each other in new, positive ways as they face injury-related challenges together.
Marriage is clearly an important part of our culture and a major element of many people's lives. Still, more research is needed to better understand how injury affects marriages and what can be done to preserve and enrich relationships. First, we need to better understand how the quality of relationships is affected in good and bad ways. Second, we must develop strategies to strengthen marriages so that both partners describe the relationship as positive and fulfilling. There is good reason to be hopeful.
 1. Arango, J., Ketchum, J., Dezfulian, T., Kreutzer, J., O'Neil-Pirozzi, Hammond, F., & Jha, A. (2008). Predictors of marital stability two years following brain injury. Brain Injury, 22(7-8), 565-574.
 2. Kreutzer, J., Marwitz, J., Hsu, N., Williams, J., & Riddick, A. (2007). Marital stability after brain injury: An investigation and analysis. NeuroRehabilitation, 22(1), 53-59.
This article was written by the staff of the Virginia Commonwealth Traumatic Brain Injury Model System. For more information about our programs (_URL_) and conferences (_URL_), please vist our websites or email Jenny Marwitz at _EMAIL_. Article used with permission. Updated September 2010.
Comments [32]
My husband had a TBI a little over 5 yrs. ago. We have been married 21 years. He was in the hospital for 6 months. I never knew if he would recover or if he would be able to be home. He eventually came home & went through so many different therapist. Im happy he is doing better but at the same time I never been so miserable. Like so many others have said "I'm living with a stranger." His personality is so different & he just sits on the couch all day watching tv. He never has any incentive to do anything but watch TV & eat. He will go with me to do grocery shopping but never suggests what we should buy or eat or what to do. He is verbally abusive & when I try to confront him about things he says to people that is embarrassing & rude he acts like he doesn't do anything wrong & gets furious with me. I can never have a decent conversation with him. He can hurt my feelings & he acts like he's mr. wonderful. I know he can't help having a brain injury but I feel depressed & guilty that at my age I'm insecure in the relationship & don't feel like I'm in love anymore with him. I feel totally helpless.
Aug 19th, 2016 2:38am
To the woman who's husband can have conversations with others but not her without fighting: I am a wife and the TBI and also seem to have conversations with others just fine and yet argue with my husband terrifically. I don't understand exactly what is happening, although I know it's usually that I am severely overstimulated and looking to him to help me vs to be a spouse for me. He has given me sound proof headphones which helps and I try to have a brain break before heading about his day so that I'm fresh for his and my relationship time. Also I find driving helps us as I sit in the passenger seat and can listen to him without taking in all the nonverbal information when sitting face to face. Maybe things like that could help you and your husband. Also I asked my husband to ask me questions to help me think like: do you think you need a brain break? Is this store environment overstimulating you? Do you need to go shut our light and sound for sheiks and then listen to me talk about my day? Things like this seem to help us. I hope that helps. Hang in there, he loves you and needs you and it will get better. Brain breaks are key! Also has he looked into yoked prism glasses and vision therapy? It's been the ONLY things after 4-5 years that has started my husband telling me he sees his wife coming back. Something called the MIT device or 'fixation' has been a huge success with me and you might look into it with your vision therapy Doctor. Good luck and find things that aren't stimulating that you can do together. Best! ~JK=)
Aug 9th, 2016 4:10am
My husband had a TBI in 2010. He is rude. Can't handle crowds or traffic. He is ocd about everything. Physically he is fine. They did surgery on the left frontal lobe. He is so impatient and everything that happens is my fault in his eyes. He is controlling and verbally abusive. As long as his daily routine goes uninterrupted life is fine. He can't have a normal conversation with me without yelling..but he can manage to work with others without yelling. I have felt bad because I want to leave and I know he can't help the state he is in.. But he believes he is fine and says I am the one with the problem... Help me..to make him see he needs help
Jul 24th, 2016 3:55pm
I suffered a severe TBI in 1993 at the age of 21, my wife and I were only married for 3 months and pregnant with our first child at the time. Nothing in my life is the same as before, everything has changed, I never recovered fully but learned how to cope, manage and hide my injuries. The rehab hospital I was in actually offered to help my wife get a divorce lawyer (because marriages with head injuries don't last) My wife told them to **** off and that we would make it. 24 years later we are still together and I have changed from being a roofer to an IT specialist making 60k/yr. Like I said I


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SELECTED CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS:
The Characteristics of Business Mediation System in China
Authors: Sibao Shen, Jian Shen
Mediation is not only the core component of ADR but also a very important method in China to settle the social disputes and conflicts which is commenced and developed gradually in its long historical process. It originate from an effective method that the citizens depending on themselves to solve the social disputes. This article is trying to analyze and see the common and different characteristics of the mediation in ADR in western countries and the mediation in Chinese traditional style and whether the gaps between them could be reconciled.