XRSession: squeezeend event
Secure context
The WebXR event squeezeend is sent to an XRSession when one of its input sources ends its primary action or when an input source that's in the process of handling an ongoing primary action is disconnected without successfully completing the action. Primary squeeze actions include things like users pressing triggers or buttons, tapping a touchpad, speaking a command, or performing a recognizable gesture when using a video tracking system or handheld controller with an accelerometer.
Bubbles Yes
Cancelable No
Interface XRInputSourceEvent
Event handler property onsqueezeend
For details on how the squeezestart, squeeze, and squeezeend events work, and how you should react to them, see Primary squeeze actions in Inputs and input sources.
The following example uses addEventListener() to establish handlers for the squeezeion events: squeezestart, squeezeend, and squeeze. This snippet is the core of an event handler to allow the user to grab objects in the scene and move them around.
In this case, a single function is used to handle all three events, allowing them to share certain code that's the same regardless of which of the three events is received. Only after completing those tasks does the onSqueezeEvent() function below dispatch the action out to a specialized function to handle things.
After checking to ensure that the received event is a tracked-pointer event (the only kind we handle here), the target ray's pose is obtained using getPose().
If the target ray pose was fetched successfully, the code then uses the value of Event property type to route control to an appropriate function to handle the event which arrived:
 - For squeezestart events, a myBeginTracking() function is called with the target ray pose's matrix. The myBeginTracking() function would presumably start the presentation of the object-dragging process, using the transform to perform a hit test, determining which object to pick up. myBeginTracking() returns an object representing the object the user has begun to drag.
 - Upon receiving a squeeze event, the myDropObject() function is called with the target object and the current target ray pose transform as inputs. This places the object into its new position in the world and triggers any effects that may arise from doing so (like scheduling an animation of a splash if dropped in water, etc).
 - The squeezeend event results in a myStopTracking() function being called with the object being dragged and the final target ray pose's transform.
xrSession.addEventListener("squeezestart", onSqueezeEvent);
xrSession.addEventListener("squeeze", onSqueezeEvent);
xrSession.addEventListener("squeezeend", onSqueezeEvent);
function onSqueezeEvent(event) {
 let source = event.inputSource;
 let targetObj = null;
 if (source.targetRayMode!= "tracked-pointer") {
 let targetRayPose = event.frame.getPose(source.targetRaySpace, myRefSpace);
 if (!targetRayPose) {
 switch(event.type) {
 case "squeezestart":
 targetObj = myBeginTracking(targetRayPose.matrix);
 case "squeeze":
 myDropObject(targetObj, targetRayPose.matrix);
 case "squeezeend":
 myStopTracking(targetObj, targetRayPose.matrix);
You can of course also set up a handler these events by setting the XRSession object's onsqueezeend event handler property to a function that handles the event:
xrSession.onsqueezestart = onSqueezeEvent;
xrSession.onsqueeze = onSqueezeEvent;
xrSession.onsqueezeend = onSqueezeEvent;
Specification Status Comment
WebXR Device API
The definition of'squeezeend event' in that specification.
Working Draft Initial definition.
Browser compatibility
No compatibility data found for api.XRSession.squeezeend_event.


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Definition of agrochemical in English:
A chemical used in agriculture, such as a pesticide or a fertilizer.
- Even the ground water is unfit for drinking due to large-scale application of fertilizers, pesticides and agrochemicals in the tea gardens.
- These were further developed in the 1960s when agro-industrial complexes were set up to grow crops as well as producing fertilizers, pesticides, and other agrochemicals.
- However, adverse effects of high input agriculture have been recognized, as fertilizers and agrochemicals discharged from agriculture cause surface water pollution.
Definition of agrochemical in:
- British & World English dictionary
What do you find interesting about this word or phrase?
Comments that don't adhere to our Community Guidelines may be moderated or removed.
Most popular in the UK
Most popular in Canada
Most popular in Australia
Most popular in Malaysia
Most popular in Pakistan

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


other)
Bulk update of this object with another one. It's used to merge a smaller and younger $other object into the current one. If this file is a Z file, then we normally do not merge in objects of type delete; this can be overridden by setting keep_delete_objects_forever. But if we encounter an object of type delete we delete the corresponding new object if we have it.
If there is nothing to be merged, nothing is done.
Hashref denoting when this recentfile has been merged into some other at which epoch.
$hashref = $obj->meta_data
Returns the hashref of metadata that the server has to add to the recentfile.
$success = $obj->mirror ( %options )
Mirrors the files in this recentfile as reported by recent_events. Options named after, before, max are passed through to the recent_events call. The boolean option piecemeal, if true, causes mirror to only rsync max_files_per_connection and keep track of the rsynced files so that future calls will rsync different files until all files are brought to sync.
$success = $obj->mirror_path ( $arrref | $path )
If the argument is a scalar it is treated as a path. The remote path is mirrored into the local copy. $path is the path found in the recentfile, i.e. it is relative to the root directory of the mirror.
If the argument is an array reference then all elements are treated as a path below the current tree and all are rsynced with a single command (and a single connection).
$path = $obj->naive_path_normalize ($path)
Takes an absolute unix style path as argument and canonicalizes it to a shorter path if possible, removing things like double slashes or /./ and removes references to../ directories to get a shorter unambiguos path. This is used to make the code easier that determines if a file passed to upgrade() is indeed below our localroot.
$ret = $obj->read_recent_1 ( $data )
Delegate of recent_events() on protocol 1
$array_ref = $obj->recent_events ( %options )
Note: the code relies on the resource being written atomically. We cannot lock because we may have no write access. If the caller has write access (eg. aggregate() or update()), it has to care for any necessary locking and it MUST write atomically.
If $options{after} is specified, only file events after this timestamp are returned.
If $options{before} is specified, only file events before this timestamp are returned.
If $options{max} is specified only a maximum of this many most recent events is returned.
If $options{'skip-deletes'} is specified, no files-to-be-deleted will be returned.
If $options{contains} is specified the value must be a hash reference containing a query. The query may contain the keys epoch, path, and type. Each represents a condition that must be met. If there is more than one such key, the conditions are ANDed.
If $options{info} is specified, it must be a hashref. This hashref will be filled with metadata about the unfiltered recent_events of this object, in key first there is the first item, in key last is the last.
$ret = $obj->rfilename
Just the basename of our recentfile, composed from filenameroot, a dash, interval, and serializer_suffix. E.g. RECENT-6h.yaml
$str = $self->remote_dir
The directory we are mirroring from.
$str = $obj->remoteroot
(void) $obj->remoteroot ( $set )
Get/Set the composed prefix needed when rsyncing from a remote module. If remote_host, remote_module, and remote_dir are set, it is composed from these.
(void) $obj->split_rfilename ( $recentfilename )
Inverse method to rfilename. $recentfilename is a plain filename of the pattern
This filename is split into its parts and the parts are fed to the object itself.
my $rfile = $obj->rfile
Returns the full path of the recentfile
$rsync_obj = $obj->rsync
The File::Rsync object that this object uses for communicating with an upstream server.
(void) $obj->register_rsync_error(_USER_)
(void) $obj->un_register_rsync_error()
Register_rsync_error is called whenever the File::Rsync object fails on an exec (say, connection doesn't succeed). It issues a warning and sleeps for an increasing amount of time. Un_register_rsync_error resets the error count. See also accessor max_rsync_errors.
$clone = $obj->_sparse_clone
Clones just as much from itself that it does not hurt. Experimental method.
Note: what fits better: sparse or shallow? Other suggestions?
$boolean = OBJ->ttl_reached ()
(void) $obj->unlock()
Unlocking is implemented with an rmdir on a locking directory (.lock appended to $rfile).
Sets this recentfile in the state of not'seeded'.
$ret = $obj->update ($path, $type)
$ret = $obj->update ($path, "new", $dirty_epoch)
$ret = $obj->update ()
Enter one file into the local recentfile. $path is the (usually absolute) path. If the path is outside our tree, then it is ignored.
$type is one of new or delete.
Events of type new may set $dirty_epoch. $dirty_epoch is normally not used and the epoch is calculated by the update() routine itself based on current time. But if there is the demand to insert a not-so-current file into the dataset, then the caller sets $dirty_epoch. This causes the epoch of the registered event to become $dirty_epoch or -- if the exact value given is already taken -- a tiny bit more. As compensation the dirtymark of the whole dataset is set to now or the current epoch, whichever is higher. Note: setting the dirty_epoch to the future is prohibited as it's very unlikely to be intended: it definitely might wreak havoc with the index files.
The new file event is unshifted (or, if dirty_epoch is set, inserted at the place it belongs to, according to the rule to have a sequence of strictly decreasing timestamps) to the array of recent_events and the array is shortened to the length of the timespan allowed. This is usually the timespan specified by the interval of this recentfile but as long as this recentfile has not been merged to another one, the timespan may grow without bounds.
The third form runs an update without inserting a new file. This may be desired to truncate a recentfile.
Like update but for many files. $batch is an arrayref containing hashrefs with the structure
 path => $path,
 type => $type,
 epoch => $epoch,
Sets this recentfile in the state of'seeded' which means it has to re-evaluate its uptodateness.
Tells if the recentfile is in the state'seeded'.
True if this object has mirrored the complete interval covered by the current recentfile.
$obj->write_recent ($recent_files_arrayref)
Writes a recentfile based on the current reflection of the current state of the tree limited by the current interval.
$obj->write_0 ($recent_files_arrayref)
Delegate of write_recent() on protocol 0
$obj->write_1 ($recent_files_arrayref)
Delegate of write_recent() on protocol 1
The following suffixes are supported and trigger the use of these serializers:
".yaml" => "YAML::Syck"
".json" => "JSON"
".sto" => "Storable"
".dd" => "Data::Dumper"
An interval spec is a primitive way to express time spans. Normally it is composed from an integer and a letter.
As a special case, a string that consists only of the single letter Z, stands for MAX_INT seconds.
The following letters express the specified number of seconds:
s => 1
m => 60
h => 60*60
d => 60*60*24
W => 60*60*24*7
M => 60*60*24*30
Q => 60*60*24*90
Y => 60*60*24*365.25
File::Rsync::Mirror::Recent, File::Rsync::Mirror::Recentfile::Done, File::Rsync::Mirror::Recentfile::FakeBigFloat
Memory hungry: it seems all memory is allocated during the initial rsync where a list of all files is maintained in memory.
You can find documentation for this module with the perldoc command.
 perldoc File::Rsync::Mirror::Recentfile
You can also look for information at:
Thanks to RJBS for module-starter.
Andreas König
Copyright 2008,2009 Andreas König.
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China magnesium die casting is one of the best magnesium die casting parts on the world today.
What is magnesium die casting
Magnesium die casting is a manufacturing process that involves the use of magnesium alloys to create complex shapes and components. The process is widely used in the automotive, aerospace, and electronics industries, where lightweight, strong, and durable components are required. In this blog post, we will explore what magnesium die casting is, how it works, and its advantages and disadvantages.
China is a major player in the global magnesium die casting industry, with a large number of manufacturers and suppliers offering a wide range of products. In this article, we will explore the benefits of using China magnesium die casting, the production process, and tips for finding reliable Chinese suppliers.
Benefits of Using China Magnesium Die Casting
There are several reasons why companies choose to use China magnesium die casting for their manufacturing needs. Some of the key benefits include:
- Cost: China is known for its low labor and production costs, which can result in significant cost savings for manufacturers. This is especially true for companies located in countries with higher labor costs.
- Quality: Despite its reputation for low-cost manufacturing, China has made significant strides in terms of quality control. Many Chinese manufacturers have adopted advanced production techniques and quality control measures to ensure the production of high-quality parts.
- Speed: China magnesium die casting manufacturers are known for their fast turnaround times, making them a popular choice for companies with tight production schedules.
- Wide Selection: China has a large number of magnesium die casting manufacturers and suppliers, offering a wide range of products and customization options.
Production Process of Chinese Magnesium Die Casting
The production process of Chinese magnesium die casting is similar to that of other countries, involving several steps including melting, injection, and cooling.
- Melting: The first step in the production process is to melt the magnesium alloy. This is typically done using an electric furnace, where the alloy is heated to a temperature of around 700°C.
- Injection: Once the magnesium alloy is in a molten state, it is injected into the die casting mold under high pressure. The mold is made of steel or another durable material and is designed to create the desired shape of the finished product.
- Cooling: After the magnesium alloy is injected into the mold, it is allowed to cool and solidify. This process can be accelerated by using water or air cooling. Once the magnesium has cooled and solidified, the mold is opened, and the finished product is removed.
Quality Control and Standards in China Magnesium Die Casting
Quality control and standards play a crucial role in ensuring the production of high-quality magnesium die castings in China. Here is an explanation of quality control and standards in China's magnesium die casting industry:
- Compliance with international standards and certifications: China's magnesium die casting manufacturers strive to meet international standards such as ISO 9001 (Quality Management Systems) and ISO/TS 16949 (Quality Management Systems for Automotive Production and Relevant Service Parts Organizations). Compliance with these standards demonstrates their commitment to quality management systems and processes.
- Quality control measures in manufacturing processes: Chinese magnesium die casting companies employ various quality control measures during production. These measures include:
a. Inspection and testing of raw materials: Manufacturers inspect and test the magnesium alloys used as raw materials to ensure they meet the required specifications. This involves assessing the chemical composition, purity, and mechanical properties of the alloys.
b. Process control techniques: Magnesium die casting processes involve controlling various parameters such as temperature, pressure, and cycle times. Manufacturers implement process control techniques to maintain consistency and quality throughout the production process. Monitoring and controlling these variables help minimize defects and ensure product integrity.
c. Statistical process control (SPC) methods: SPC involves using statistical techniques to monitor and control the production process. By analyzing process data, manufacturers can identify variations and trends, allowing them to take corrective actions and maintain quality standards.
- Testing and inspection methods for ensuring product quality: Chinese magnesium die casting manufacturers employ various testing and inspection methods to ensure product quality. These methods include:
a. Non-destructive testing: Visual inspection, X-ray, and ultrasonic testing are commonly used non-destructive testing methods. These techniques help detect surface defects, internal voids, and other potential quality issues without damaging the castings.
b. Dimensional measurement and tolerance verification: Manufacturers measure the dimensions of magnesium die castings using precision tools to ensure they meet the required specifications and tolerances.
c. Mechanical property testing: Magnesium die castings undergo mechanical property testing to assess their strength, hardness, and other mechanical characteristics. Tensile strength testing and hardness testing are commonly performed.
d. Surface finish evaluation and quality assessment: The surface finish of magnesium die castings is evaluated to ensure it meets the specified requirements. This includes assessing factors such as texture, smoothness, and appearance.
e. Metallurgical analysis and microstructure examination: Manufacturers conduct metallurgical analysis and examine the microstructure of magnesium die castings. This helps assess the material's grain structure, porosity, and other metallurgical properties, ensuring they meet the desired standards.
- Traceability and documentation: Traceability and documentation are important aspects of quality control in magnesium die casting. Manufacturers establish systems to track and identify materials, components, and production processes. This allows for traceability throughout the production cycle and enables effective quality management. Documentation of manufacturing parameters, inspections, and test results helps maintain records and ensures transparency and accountability.
- Continuous improvement and corrective actions: Chinese magnesium die casting companies emphasize continuous improvement in quality control. They employ quality improvement methodologies such as Six Sigma and Lean manufacturing to identify areas for improvement, reduce defects, and enhance overall quality. Root cause analysis is performed to identify the underlying causes of quality issues, and corrective actions are implemented to prevent recurrence.
- Supplier quality management: Chinese magnesium die casting manufacturers establish robust supplier quality management processes. This includes evaluating and selecting reliable and qualified suppliers who meet quality standards. Ongoing performance monitoring of suppliers ensures consistent quality of raw materials and components.
- Industry collaborations and standards development: Chinese magnesium die casting manufacturers actively participate in industry associations and organizations related to the industry. They collaborate with industry stakeholders, share knowledge and experiences, and contribute to the development of industry standards and best practices.
By implementing these quality control measures and adhering to international standards, China's magnesium die casting industry aims to achieve the following outcomes:
Consistent product quality: By implementing rigorous quality control measures, Chinese manufacturers strive to ensure consistent quality in their magnesium die castings. This consistency is crucial for meeting customer expectations and building a strong reputation in the market.
Customer satisfaction: The adherence to quality standards and the implementation of effective quality control measures contribute to enhanced customer satisfaction. Meeting or exceeding customer requirements in terms of product performance, dimensional accuracy, and surface finish helps build trust and long-term relationships with customers.
Reduced defects and waste: Through continuous improvement efforts and quality control measures, Chinese manufacturers aim to minimize defects and waste in the production process. This leads to higher efficiency, reduced costs, and improved overall productivity.
Compliance with regulatory requirements: China's magnesium die casting industry places importance on complying with relevant regulations and industry standards. This ensures that the produced castings meet safety, environmental, and other regulatory requirements, both domestically and for export purposes.
Competitive advantage: Adhering to international quality standards and delivering high-quality magnesium die castings gives Chinese manufacturers a competitive edge in the global market. It allows them to compete effectively with manufacturers from other countries and attract customers who value product quality.
Continuous improvement culture: Quality control efforts in China's magnesium die casting industry foster a culture of continuous improvement. By analyzing data, identifying areas for enhancement, and implementing corrective actions, manufacturers strive to drive continuous improvement in their processes, products, and overall quality management systems.
Innovation and technological advancement: Quality control practices also promote innovation and technological advancements in the magnesium die casting industry. By focusing on quality, manufacturers are driven to explore new materials, process optimization techniques, and advanced inspection methods, leading to advancements in the field.
Quality control and adherence to standards are integral to China's magnesium die casting industry. These practices help ensure the production of high-quality castings, meet customer expectations, drive competitiveness, and contribute to the industry's growth and success.
Challenges and Future Prospects in China Magnesium Die Casting:
- Environmental concerns: The production of magnesium and magnesium alloys involves energy-intensive processes and can have environmental impacts. The industry faces challenges in minimizing energy consumption, reducing emissions, and adopting sustainable practices to mitigate environmental concerns.
- Material availability and cost: Magnesium is not as abundantly available as other metals, which can lead to fluctuations in its availability and cost. Ensuring a stable and cost-effective supply of magnesium alloys is a challenge for manufacturers in China.
- Technological advancements: The magnesium die casting industry is constantly evolving, driven by advancements in technology. Manufacturers in China face the challenge of staying updated with the latest technological trends, such as advanced simulation software, process optimization techniques, and automation, to improve productivity and maintain a competitive edge.
- Skills and expertise: The production of high-quality magnesium die castings requires skilled labor and expertise in die design, process optimization, and quality control. Developing and retaining a skilled workforce is a challenge for the industry, as it requires continuous training and knowledge transfer.
- Quality control and consistency: Ensuring consistent quality in magnesium die castings can be challenging due to factors such as material variations, process complexities, and dimensional tolerances. Maintaining strict quality control measures and process standardization is crucial to overcome this challenge.
- Lightweighting in automotive and aerospace: The demand for lightweight materials in industries such as automotive and aerospace is growing to improve fuel efficiency and reduce emissions. Magnesium die casting offers significant weight reduction opportunities, and it is expected to play a vital role in the future as these industries continue to prioritize lightweighting.
- Advancements in alloy development: Researchers are constantly exploring


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You can add multiple sorting on the same field.
You can apply different sort as below.
1. Ascending/Descending by Data source/ Alphabetical order.
2. Using a field from data source.
3. Manual on sheet by drag the field and drop where required.
Select the field and sort using number as ascending order using ascending sort button below format tab. Now click on field for 2nd sort and choose field and select category to sort by category order.
Now your data is sorted by number wise and category wise.
Hope this helps you.


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Two MAESTRO, I'D or RIG used in parallel by a single operator.
The MAESTRO, I'D or RIG descenders can be used in parallel in rescue situations, mainly with long rope lengths and smaller rescue teams. This technique enables a single user to simultaneously operate two devices.
- Carefully read the Instructions for Use used in this technical advice before consulting the advice itself. You must have already read and understood the information in the Instructions for Use to be able to understand this supplementary information.
- Mastering these techniques requires specific training. Work with a professional to confirm your ability to perform these techniques safely and independently before attempting them unsupervised.
- We provide examples of techniques related to your activity. There may be others that we do not describe here.
- Even sharing of the load on the descenders
- Reduced potential extension of the system, in case one of the ropes fails.
- One operator can control two descenders
- Because the ropes are close together, they are simultaneously exposed to any failure risk.
- A back-up person is needed
Choosing an anchor
For optimal device function, we recommend that you use flexible anchors such as slings, ropes or wire rope strops to enable proper orientation of the descenders or of the PAW. The PAW enables a more ergonomic system setup. For greater ease of use, MICRO SWIVELs may be used to attach the descenders to the PAW.
Backing-up the lowering system
A lowering back-up system may be added to your system depending on the situation and your risk assessment. This system enables the requirements of the EN 12841 certification to be met by the addition of an EN 12841 type A component.
Using two RESCUCENDERS attached to one double pulley, for example TWIN, GEMINI or SPIN L2.
This system enables a very significant reduction in potential elongation of the ropes and an even sharing of the load on the anchors, which enables greater hauling efficiency for the rescue team.


Posted in Health Libido and sex
How to have sex several times a day! Having a second erection after an orgasm
How to have sex several times a day! Having a second erection after an orgasm Posted on 10 October 2018Leave a comment
Many men feel frustrated at not being able to satisfy their partner because of the difference in the time it takes a man to enjoy and that of a woman. Often, to make a woman enjoy, men end up with their fingers or leave their partner to fend for themselves. Yet all men would like to assure and say that they are able to have a new erection and put the cover back.
If men are unable to have a second erection after cumming, it is because of the refractory period. It is this phenomenon that happens just after having enjoyed. Man produces hormones of well-being and satisfaction, which prevent him from being aroused again and to get a boner directly. All this is also a question of testosterone. We tell you everything!
How long does it take to get a new erection?
Unfortunately, answering this question is difficult because you know it better than us. It depends on everyone, and age. As the refractory period depends on your hormones and your testosterone, this period of time increases with age, since hormonal imbalance occurs with age. A 50-year-old man produces testosterone less quickly than a 20-year-old man.
For example, in a young man of 20 years, the refractory period is 2 to 15 minutes, while for a man of 40, he must wait 1 to 2 hours before having an erection again after doing the love. And when you're 70 years old, you have to wait 24 hours before having sex again. That's why mechanically, without viagra, without any help, a man of 70 years without erection problems makes maximum love 7 times a week.
What is the refractory period?
The refractory period in physiology is the moment immediately preceding the activity of a nerve or a muscle. After intense activity, the muscle ignores any stimulation, then after a while, we start a second phase, which is the recovery phase during which the muscle regains sensitivity but is still weak.
For sex, it's pretty much the same thing. Except that the mechanism is different. The refractory period refers to the length of time between two periods of sexual activity. Put another way and simply, it's the time it takes for your penis to get hard again.
Is it impossible to get hard again after an orgasm?
Knowing why we lose our erection after sex is the same as asking ourselves what causes this refractory period. The main causes are two hormones: prolactin and oxytocin. Prolactin is a hormone that like testosterone plays a role on the libido. This hormone is produced in quantity when reaching orgasm. Its role is to provide a feeling of well-being and a bliss. We can thank that hormone! Except that our body is so tired, that it kills the effect of arousal that causes testosterone. Oxytocin is a neuropeptide that is a bit like the magic wand that makes you fall in love. It also gives a feeling of confidence, rest, zenitude and love.
We do not say that love is bad and that to be sexually active you must not be in love. Besides, love is not only due to these two hormones, but the high presence of these hormones after orgasm induces the body to feel good. You are no longer looking for something else. Simply, you are not arroused.
How to decrease the refractory period?
The basic answer is very simple: you have to increase your testosterone level. The longer answer is also to have a much healthier lifestyle: quit smoking, drinking, playing sports, eating balance.
 - Testosterone cure
For the testosterone level, fortunately, there are solutions. Just take a course of testosterone supplements. These natural capsules are studied to increase the rate of testosterone, which obviously allows to band faster. This is why a teenager or a young man has a much shorter rest period. This is because it is at its peak of testosterone production. Unfortunately, the testosterone level decreases with age.
produit pour avoir plus de testostérone⇒ We advise you to start a TestRX cure!
It also contains many vitamins such as B6 or vitamin D. But that's not all! You will understand with the following point why it is advisable to buy this product.
 - Cure of vitamins and dietary supplements
Again, for vitamins there is a solution. Zinc is very good for sexual performance, especially to increase sperm production. Some vitamins help maintain muscle shape and tone.
⇒ We told you to buy TestRX because it is twice a solution to the problem of testosterone.
In addition to having all the natural components to increase testosterone, it includes many vitamins and dietary supplements. There is magnesium, zinc, D-aspartic acid, fenugreek, vitamin K2, B6 and D.
 - Improve your lifestyle
For the other points, there is no cure, it's up to you to make an effort. Eating fat is bad for the body and being overweight has destructive effects on sexuality. Eating too much sugar can have inhibitory effects on the excitement. The cigarette is very bad for sexual performance. If you are used to watching porn frequently, reduce the dose a little. Porn has a negative effect on long-term sexual arousal.
Reducing stress is obviously very important. Everyone knows that when you're stressed you can have trouble to have a boner. Try to find a way to reduce stress, relieve tension, think of something else.
Eat products rich in nitric oxide (NO). These are nitrates that are found in a series of foods and that promote the influx of blood. Since the penis is full of blood and erection is possible because of cavernous bodies that are filling with blood, it is wise to find a way to improve the flow of blood. Citrulline, arginine and nitrates promote the production of nitric oxide. The rich foods are watermelon, rhubarb, beets, spinach and celery.
 - Avoid too much tenderness
As we have seen, we already produce enough hormones that make us feel good and soothed. In fact, everything is done so that we look at each other with love and sweetness. Unfortunately, this behavior also indicates to our body that it has had its dose of sex. So to avoid falling into too much romance that would cut the carnal desire for sex, do your best to stay in an atmosphere more sexual than romantic.
For example, do not stay in bed doing cute hugs. Do not get into burning statements. Jump from bed, try to think of things that excite you. See your partner as a fantasy and not as the loving person who makes your heart beat. Yes … it's easier said than done!
Sources: 12
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The treasures are protected from 99% of the sun's harmful UV rays.
Named for several prominent conservationists, the Marsh-Billings-Rockefeller Mansion and National Historical Park came under the auspices of the United States National Park Service in 1987. Today the Park Service continues to manage and preserve the mansion along with its surrounding 550-acre mountain forest. The mansion abounds in precious irreplaceable furnishings, draperies, artwork, paneling, and floors that needed protection from the damaging rays of the sun.
Seeing how other national landmark sites have met similar challenges, the National Park Service turned to LLumar Window Film for help. LLumar N-1065 SR CDF, a solar control window film, reduces the sun's most damaging rays and is virtually invisible from either side of the glass. The Park Service had the film professionally installed on over 2,700 square feet (250 square meters) of complex multi-paneled windows.
Today, the treasures residing in the Marsh-Billings-Rockefeller Mansion are protected from 99% of the sun's harmful UV rays. This protection was achieved without affecting the mansion's original, elegant window façade. Visitors to the mansion are unaware that its windows are filmed, but the Park Service knows its valuable exhibits are protected from damage by the sun for generations to come.


hiding real directory information from users increases the security of your system. This is probably true but it is generally not a significant security problem. By default, this is off because the real directory path is often very helpful in sorting out problems, and we believe that making the server easier to use and administer is more important than this subtle security enhancement. However, the option is provided here if you do want/need to be paranoid.
The banner is displayed after the user has logged in. Some FTP clients hide this information but most will display it in some way. Typically you use this banner to tell users what they will find in various directories. You can use a special variable %virtual_paths% which the server will replace with a list of aliases that are defined and there real physical paths.
Back to server


Seasoning (cookware)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 (Redirected from Seasoned pan)
Jump to: navigation, search
Cast iron skillets, before seasoning (left) and after several years of use (right)
Professional Krampouz waffle iron requiring seasoning
Seasoning is the process of treating the surface of a saucepan, wok, crepe griddle or other cooking vessel with a stick-resistant coating formed from polymerized fat and oil on the surface.
Seasoning is desirable on cast-iron cookware and carbon steel cookware, because otherwise they are very sticky to foods and rust-prone. It is generally not desired on other types of cookware either for cosmetic reasons or because the chemical composition of the pan already results in a non-stick surface.[citation needed]
Methods of seasoning[edit]
A new pan (bare metal) is porous[citation needed] and will grab food tightly, and must either be oiled before cooking or seasoned. This base coat is initially created by a process of layering a very thin coat of oil on the pan. Then, the oil is polymerized to the metal's surface with high heat for a duration. The base coat will eventually develop a more refined coating through use, e.g., frying or searing, and darken over time. This entire process is known as "seasoning". The colour of the coating is commonly known as its "patina".
To season a pan (e.g., to season a new pan, or to replace damaged seasoning on an old pan), the following is a typical process: (a) cleaning the cookware to expose the bare metal, (b) applying a thin layer of animal fat or vegetable oil, and (c) heating the cookware to generate the seasoned coating.[1][2][3] If it is not pre-seasoned, a new cast iron skillet or dutch oven typically comes from the manufacturer with a protective coating of wax or shellac, otherwise it would be rusted. This must be removed before the item is used.[4] An initial scouring with hot soapy water will usually remove the protective coating. Alternatively, for woks, it is common to burn off the coating over high heat (outside or under a vent hood) to expose the bare metal surface. For already-used pans that are to be re-seasoned, the cleaning process can be more complex, involving rust removal and deep cleaning (with strong soap or lye,[5] or by burning in a campfire or self-cleaning oven)[6] to remove existing seasoning and build-up. Once the pan has been heated, dried, and thinly layered with oil or fat, it is placed in an oven, grill, or other heating enclosure for the oil to be polymerized onto the metal's surface. The process of polymerization is dependent on the oil, temperature of the enclosure, and the duration. The precise details of the seasoning process differ from one source to another, and there is much controversy regarding the correct oil to use. There is also no clear consensus with the correct temperature and duration. Lodge Manufacturing uses a proprietary soybean blend in their base coats as stated on their website. Others use lard, or animal fats. Some advocate the use of food-grade flaxseed oil (a drying oil).[7] Likewise, the recommended temperature for seasoning varies to high temperatures above 260 °C (500 °F), while some recommend a lower temp below 150 °C (302 °F). Some say that a temperature around the smoke point of the oil or fat should be targeted since this will allow vaporization of impurities from the oil, and polymerization and carbonization to occur. And, there is also no clear determination of the correct duration of heat to use. Anywhere from half an hour to an hour is often recommended.
Seasoning a cast iron or carbon steel wok is a common process in Asia and Asian-American culture. While the vegetable oil method of seasoning is also used in Asia, a traditional process for seasoning includes the use of Chinese chives or scallions as part of the process.[8]
Surface chemistry[edit]
The seasoned surface consists of a polymerized and plasticized coating.
The process of heating a pan to cause the oil to oxidize is analogous to the hardening of drying oil used in oil paints, or to varnish a painting. But whereas the curing of oils is the result of autoxidation at room temperature for a painting, for a pan, the thermoxidized oil undergoes a conversion into the hard surface of the seasoned pan at the high temperatures of cooking.
When oils or fats are heated in a pan, multiple degradation reactions occur, including: autoxidation, thermal oxidation, polymerization, cyclization and fission.[9][10] Often seasoning is uneven in a pan, and over time the distribution will spread to a whole pan. Heating the cookware (such as in a hot oven or on a stovetop) facilitates the oxidation of the iron; the fats and/or oils protect the metal from contact with the air during the reaction, which would cause rust to form. Some cast iron users advocate heating the pan slightly before applying the fat or oil to ensure that the pan is completely dry and to open "the pores" of the pan.[11][12]
The surface is hydrophobic, and oils or fats for cooking will spread evenly. The seasoned surface will deteriorate at the temperature where the polymers break down. This is not the same as the smoke point of the original oils and fats used to season the pan because those oils and fats are transformed into the plasticized surface. (This is analogous to how the smoke point for crude oil and plastic are different).
As with other cast iron vessels, a seasoned pan or dutch oven should not be used to cook foods containing tomatoes, vinegar or other acidic ingredients.[citation needed] These foods will damage the new seasoning. Instead, newly seasoned ovens should be used to cook food high in oil or fat, such as chicken, bacon, or sausage, or used for deep frying. Subsequent cleanings are usually accomplished without the use of soap. Because modern cleaning methods (detergent soaps, dishwashers) will destroy the seasoning on cast iron, manufacturers and cookbook authors recommend only wiping the pans clean after each use, or using other cleaning methods such as a salt scrub or boiling water.[13]
Other surface types[edit]
There are other surfaces on cookware which are stick-resistant. See also Non-stick pans.
In the process of bluing, an oxidizing chemical reaction on an iron surface selectively forms magnetite (Fe3O4), the black oxide of iron (as opposed to rust, the red oxide of iron (Fe2O3)). Black oxide provides minimal protection against corrosion if also treated with a water-displacing oil to reduce wetting and galvanic action.
See also[edit]
 1. ^ "Lodge - Seasoned Cast Iron". Lodge Manufacturing. Retrieved 2012-12-15.
 2. ^ "Care and seasoning of your wok". Retrieved 2008-01-03.
 3. ^ "Seasoning Frying Pans".
 4. ^ "Care of Cast Iron Pots and Pans". Retrieved 2008-01-03.
 5. ^ "Cleaning Cast Iron With Lye". Retrieved 2008-01-03.
 6. ^ "How to use your self-cleaning oven for cleaning cast iron". Retrieved 2008-01-03.
 7. ^ Canter, Sheryl (January 28, 2010). "Chemistry of Cast Iron Seasoning: A Science-Based How-To". Retrieved 2012-05-13.
 8. ^ Young, Grace (2004). The Breath of a Wok: Unlocking the Spirit of Chinese Wok Cooking Through Recipes and Lore. Simon & Schuster. p. 48. ISBN 0-7432-3827-3.
 9. ^ Chang, S. S., Peterson, R. J. & Ho, C. T. (1978) Chemical reactions involved in the deep-fat frying of foods. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 55: 718–727.
 10. ^ Paul, S. & Mittal, G. S. (1997) Regulating the use of degraded oil/fat in deep-fat/oil food frying. Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. 37: 635–662.
 11. ^ "Seasoning Cast Iron". Retrieved 2008-01-03.
 12. ^ "Seasoning Cast Iron Pots". Cooking Louisiana. Retrieved 2007-12-31.
 13. ^ Emery, Carla (2003). The Encyclopedia of Country Living: An Old Fashioned Recipe Book. Sasquatch Books. p. 41. ISBN 1-57061-377-X.
External links[edit]


Functions commonly have multi-character names - mainly acronyms - in cryptography, much more so than in math. The question is how we can best format these methods in LaTeX? If we don't do anything then they seem to consist of multiple symbols (indicating, perhaps, multiplication) in italics.
For example $KDF$ will look like three separate characters, K, D and F (in a different font of course).
The \operatorname command works well for this purpose, and I think it's the most appropriate choice. It disables italics, prevents hyphens from being converted into minus signs, and more.
Example: HMAC-SHA256(k, m) can be typeset using $\operatorname{HMAC-SHA256}(k,m)$.
screenshot of example
Unfortunately, \operatorname is a lot to type. Usually, a document would use \DeclareMathOperator once at the beginning to define shorter command names for common operators. This actually works on Crypto SE:
Now $\hmac(k,m)$ will be rendered just like $\operatorname{HMAC}(k,m)$.
The first line defines a new command \hmac, and the second line uses it.
This might be worthwhile if you're writing a long answer, but it seems like overkill in most cases. Maybe Crypto SE could eventually declare some popular operators automatically?
Even without \DeclareMathOperator, there are still some shorter options. I think the semantics of these commands are less appropriate, but that's not the end of the world.
 - \text: Does not space things out as nicely as \operatorname does.
 - \mathrm: Does not handle hyphens properly, so HMAC-SHA256 is rendered as "HMAC minus SHA256". Same spacing problem as \text.
Personally, I've been using \text on Crypto SE. That's out of laziness: I think \operatorname (or declaring a custom operator command) is a better choice.
 - $\begingroup$ Been abusing \text too… thanks for the pointer towards \operatorname which indeed seems to be a better fit. $\endgroup$ – e-sushi Feb 16 '16 at 23:29
 - $\begingroup$ I presume we cannot use \DeclareMathOperator on Crypto.SE with all the small snippets of LaTeX? $\endgroup$ – Maarten Bodewes Feb 21 '16 at 14:38
 - $\begingroup$ _USER_ I added some details on that $\endgroup$ – Tim McLean Feb 22 '16 at 2:43
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Latest Nigeria News - Latest Naija Gists
8 unexpected side effect of Kiwi fruit
8 unexpected side effect of Kiwi fruit
8 unexpected side effect of Kiwi fruit
Kiwi is a widely popular fruit that has a high reserve of vitamin C. It is just like an orange with green bright flesh. It is speckled with small black seeds that add a tropical flair to all fruit salads.
This fruit is generally 3 inches long and weighs around 4 ounces. The green flesh has a creamy consistency and invigorating taste that reminds one of melons, strawberries and bananas.
Yes, it is known for its unique sweet flavor and the number of benefits. People across the world love this fruit. But there are kiwi fruit side effects that may pop up if eaten in large quantities.
1. Allergic reactions
One might develop allergic reactions due to the consumption of kiwi fruit. It is important to be cautious while eating it. Many individuals, who consumed kiwi fruit in large quantities have reported cross-sensitization and different types of allergies.
2. Rashes and swelling
According to studies, it has been found that overeating of kiwi can lead to swelling. Anaphylaxis can also occur in people eating too much of kiwi. Rash, asthma and hives are also common. It can also lead to local mouth irritation.
3. Oral allergy syndrome (OAS)
Many people have reported OAS due to the overeating of kiwi. The OAS includes swelling of mouth, lips and tongue. It also leads to tingling and itching sensations in the mouth.
4. Dermatitis
Individuals consuming high quantities of kiwi on a daily basis may develop skin disorder, such as dermatitis.
5. Pancreatitis problem
Overeating of kiwi can lead to acute pancreatitis. This tasty fruit comes enriched with potassium, serotonin and Vitamin C and E. High doses of these components can alter the triglyceride level in the blood, which may harm the pancreas in the long run.
6. Diarrhea and collapsing
One of the kiwi fruit side effects also includes vomiting, nausea, and diarrhea. It may also lead to fainting and difficulty in swallowing.
7. Latex allergy
As per studies, it has been found that most people with latex allergy are also prone to developing kiwi allergy. If you have allergic reactions to latex, then you should avoid consumption of kiwi and products with kiwi.
8. Breast feeding and pregnancy
If you are a nursing mother or pregnant, then consult your doctor regarding the dosage of kiwi. Over eating this fruit during pregnancy can affect your health negatively.
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text:
Training, Help, Facilities, Equipment
The Imaging and Computing Center occupies the ground floor of Coram library, and is broken into four areas. It is a cross curricular facility open to all at Bates.
- The Imaging Lab: The Imaging Lab is an image acquisition facility containing a microscope suite and a digital photography studio.
- The Computer Room: The Computer Room workstations give users the tools to process and visualize data and to manipulate and present images.
- The Gallery: The Gallery is an informal space that provides a venue for students and faculty to work in small groups.
- The Office: The Imaging and Computing Center's office houses miscellaneous equipment and the center's staff, Matt Duvall and Will Ash.


FormEditor with usage
With a large number of forms, it's important to know how often a form has been used, on which pages it's used and when has the form be used. The following report includes the regular FormEditor as well:
# Form
# a) List of forms: {{form:S}}='', {{formIdHistory:S}}=''
# b) Edit Form: {{form:S}} - Open form {{form:S}} with record {{r:S}} - typically the FormEditor
# c) Use history of a given form: {{formIdHistory:S}}
# {{form:S}}
# {{formIdHistory:S0}} - usage history of form '{{formIdHistory:S}}'
10 {
 # List of Forms: Do not show this list of forms if there is a form given by SIP.
 # Table header.
 sql = SELECT ''
 , CONCAT('p:{{pageAlias:T}}&form=Form&') as _pagen
 , 'Name'
 , 'Title'
 , 'Table'
 , '#'
 , 'First'
 , 'Last'
 , 'PageId'
 FROM (SELECT '') AS fake
 WHERE {{formIdHistory:S0}}=0
 head =
 rbeg =
 rend =
 tail =
 20 {
 # All forms
 sql = SELECT CONCAT('p:{{pageAlias:T}}&form=Form&r=', as _pagee
 , CONCAT(,'(',, ')')
 , QMORE(strip_tags(f.title),50)
 , f.tableName
 , CONCAT('p:{{pageAlias:T}}&formIdHistory=',, '|s|b|t:', COUNT(, ''
 , IF(COUNT(, '|r:3','') ) as _link
 , CONCAT( '', DATE_FORMAT( MIN( fsl.created), '%d.%m.%Y'), '')
 , CONCAT( '', DATE_FORMAT( MAX( fsl.created), '%d.%m.%Y'), '')
 , CONCAT('', GROUP_CONCAT(DISTINCT fsl.pageId ORDER BY fsl.pageId), '')
 FROM Form AS f
 LEFT JOIN FormSubmitLog AS fsl
 WHERE {{formIdHistory:S0}}=0
 GROUP BY
 ORDER BY
 rbeg =
 rend =
 fbeg =
 fend =
30 {
 # History of a Form {{formIdHistory:S0}}
 sql = SELECT
 , fsl.feUser
 , fsl.recordId
 , fsl.pageId
 , fsl.created
 FROM FormSubmitLog AS fsl, Form AS f
 WHERE fsl.formId={{formIdHistory:S0}}
 ORDER BY fsl.created DESC
 FormfeUserrecordIdpageIdSubmit
 tail =
 rbeg =
 rend =
 fbeg =
 fend =
 altsql = SELECT IF('{{formIdHistory:S0}}'='0', '', 'History is empty')
The AutoCron service fires periodically jobs like open a webpage (typically a QFQ page which does some database actions) or send mail.
 - AutoCron will be triggered via system cron. Minimal time distance therefore is 1 minute. If this is not sufficient, any process who starts …/typo3conf/ext/qfq/Classes/External/autocron.php via /usr/bin/php frequently might be used.
 - Custom start time and frequency.
 - Per job:
 - If a job still runs and receives the next trigger, the running job will be completed first.
 - If more than one trigger arrives during a run, only one trigger will be processed.
 - If the system misses a run, it will be played as soon as the system is online again.
 - If multiple runs are missed, only one run is fired as soon as the system is online again.
 - Running and processed jobs can easily be monitored via lastRun, lastStatus, nextRun, inProgress.
 - Setup a system cron entry, typically as the webserver user ('www-data' on debian).
 - Necessary privileges:
 - Read for …/typo3conf/ext/qfq/*
 - Write, if a logfile should be written (specified per cron job) in the custom specified directory.
Cron task (user cron tab):
* * * * * /usr/bin/php /var/www/html/typo3conf/ext/qfq/Classes/External/autocron.php
AutoCron Jobs of type 'website' needs the php.ini setting:
allow_url_fopen = On
Remember: if a cron job fails for whatever reason, the cron daemon will send a mail to the userid who started the cron job. E.g. www-data. Setup a email forward of such account to a frequently read email account.
Create / edit AutoCron jobs
Create a T3 page with a QFQ record (similar to the formeditor). Such page should be access restricted and is only needed to edit AutoCron jobs:
10 {
 # Table header.
 sql = SELECT CONCAT('p:{{pageAlias:T}}&form=cron') AS _pagen, 'id', 'Next run','Frequency','Comment'
 , 'Last run','In progress', 'Status', 'Auto generated'
 head =
 tail =
 rbeg =
 rend =
 fbeg =
 fend =
 10 {
 # All Cron Jobs
 sql = SELECT CONCAT('')
 , '', CONCAT('p:{{pageAlias:T}}&form=cron&r=', AS _pagee, ''
 ,, ''
 , IF( c.nextrun=0,"", DATE_FORMAT(c.nextrun, "%d.%m.%y %H:%i:%s")), ''
 , c.frequency, ''
 , c.comment, ''
 , IF(c.lastrun=0,"", DATE_FORMAT(c.lastrun,"%d.%m.%y %H:%i:%s")), ''
 , IF(c.inProgress=0,"", DATE_FORMAT(c.inProgress,"%d.%m.%y %H:%i:%s")), ''
 , LEFT(c.laststatus,40) AS '_+pre', ''
 , c.autoGenerated
 , CONCAT('U:form=cron&r=', AS _paged, ''
 FROM Cron AS c
The system cron service will call the QFQ AutoCron every minute. QFQ AutoCron checks if there is a pending job, by looking for jobs with nextRun <= NOW(). All found jobs will be fired - depending on their type, such jobs will send mail(s) or open a webpage. A webpage will mostly be a local T3 page with at least one QFQ record on it. Such a QFQ record might do some manipulation on the database or any other task.
A job with nextRun'=0 or 'inProgress!=0 won't never be started.
Due to checking inProgress, jobs will never run in parallel, even if a job needs more than 1 minute (interval system cron).
Job: repeating
 - frequency: '1 MINUTE', '2 DAY', '3 MONTH', ….
After finishing a job, nextRun will be increased by frequency. If nextRun still points in the past, it will be increased by frequency again, until it points to the future.
Job: asynchronous
 - frequency:
An 'AutoCron' job becomes 'asynchronous' if frequency is empty. Then, auto repeating is switched off.
If nextRun is > 0 and in the past, the job will be fired. After the job has been done,


followed by one or more tags. All we need to do to assure the constrain is obeyed in the instances is declare the chapter class in this straightforward manner. No methods are programmed by the library user, and there is no imperative flow within the classes.
The main "trick" involved in programming parent classes like gnosis.xml.validity.Seq is to look at the.__class__ attribute of an instance during initialization. The class chapter does not have its own initialization, so its parent's __init__() method is called, but the self passed to the parent __init__() is an instance of chapter, and it knows it. To illustrate, this is part of the implementation of gnosis.xml.validity.Seq:
Example 6. Class gnosis.xml.validity.Seq
class Seq(tuple):
 def __init__(self, inittup):
 if not hasattr(self.__class__, '_order'):
 raise NotImplementedError, \
 "Child of Abstract Class Seq must specify order"
 if not isinstance(self._order, tuple):
 raise ValidityError, "Seq must have tuple as order"
 self._tag = self.__class__.__name__
Once an application programmer tries to create a chapter instance, the instantiation code checks that chapter was declared with the required _order class attribute, and that this attribute is the needed tuple object. The method validate() performs some further checks to make sure that the objects the instance was initialized with belong to the corresponding classes specified in _order.
When to Declare
A declarative programming style is almost always a more direct way of stating constraints than is an imperative or procedural one. Of course, not all programming problems are about constraints; or at least, that is not always a natural formulation. Problems of rule-based systems, though, such as grammars and inference systems, are much easier to manage if they can be described declaratively. Imperative verification of grammaticality quickly turns into spaghetti code and is difficult to debug. Statements of patterns and rules can remain much simpler.
Return to the Python DevCenter.
Copyright © 2009 O'Reilly Media, Inc.


text:
Nuclear Waste and Caves
What are the benefits of storing nuclear waste in
subterranean salt mining caves?
The main advantage is that since the salt has been in its deposit for
millions of years, there could not have been groundwater flowing through the
deposit for at least that long. If there had been, it would have carried
the salt away. So, if nuclear waste is placed inside the salt bed, chances
are good that groundwater won't carry it anywhere else. The nuclear waste
will decay away to nonradioactive elements before it leaves the salt
Richard E. Barrans Jr., Ph.D.
PG Research Foundation, Darien, Illinois
Click here to return to the Physics Archives
Update: June 2012

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Kourtaliotiko Gorge
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Kourtaliotiko Gorge
The Kourtaliotiko Gorge (Greek: Κουρταλιώτικο Φαράγγι), also known as the Asomatos Gorge (Greek: Φαράγγι Ασώματου), is a gorge on the southern side of the western part of the island of Crete. It is situated where the Kourtaliotiko River flows southwards between the mountains of Kouroupa and Xiron.
Entrance Arch
The village of Koxare is at the northern end of the gorge. A road runs north to south through the gorge connecting Koxare to Asomatos; it then leads west, to the town of Plakias on the southern coast of Crete.
There is a small church (Agios Nikolaos) in the gorge and a 40-metre-high waterfall.
The cliffs on the side of the gorge provide a roosting site for the Lammergeier vulture.[1]
There is a specific point on the gorge, about 20 metres from the northern entrance, some "claps" can be heard, like hands coming together. These "claps" are the "kourtala", that give the name to the gorge. These are a consequence of the wind being funnelled through the high caves of the gorge and breaking the sound barrier. The point near the northern entrance is the main point where this sound can be heard.
 1. ^ GR183 Mount Kedros and Kourtaliotiko gorge Hellenic Ornithological Society, Important Bird Areas of Greece.
External links[edit]
Coordinates: 35°12′11″N 24°28′08″E / 35.203°N 24.469°E / 35.203; 24.469


text:
About Benjamin Kubelsky
Jack Benny (born Benjamin Kubelsky, February 14, 1894 – December 26, 1974) was an American comedian, vaudevillian, radio, television, and film actor, and also a notable violinist. Widely recognized as one of the leading American entertainers of the 20th century, Benny played the role of the comic penny-pinching miser, insisting on remaining 39 years old on stage despite his actual age, and often playing the violin badly.
Benny was known for his comic timing and his ability to get laughs with either a pregnant pause or a single expression, such as his signature exasperated "Well!" His radio and television programs, popular from the 1930s to the 1960s, were a foundational influence on the situation comedy genre.


Starting Point-Teaching Entry Level Geoscience > Gallery Walks > Examples of Gallery Walk Questions > Gallery Walk Questions on Air Pressure and Wind
Explore Teaching Examples | Provide Feedback
Gallery Walk Questions on Air Pressure and Wind
created by Mark Francek, Central Michigan University
The following are potential questions that could be used in a gallery walk activity about Air Pressure and Wind. The questions are organized according to the cognitive level at which students are engaged, using Bloom's Taxonomy.
Name the earth's semi-permanent pressure zones.
1. The top of the page represents north. Draw a SW wind. Draw a NE flowing river.
2. Explain how these different local winds originate: land-sea breezes, mountain-valley breezes, katabatic winds, and the regional monsoons.
It's your wedding day and you want blue sky for the pictures. Draw pressure cells on the map that would likely produce a) fair skies, south wind b) clearing skies, northwest wind c) warm, rainy, winds from the south.
1. Discuss how surface air pressure would be impacted by air density and temperature.
2. Create a scenario that would modify the following at the global and local scales.
a) incoming solar radiation
b) gravity
c) pressure gradient force
d) Coriolis force
e) friction force
1. Write a wind forecast for a location near the equator assuming the earth ceased to rotate and your location is on the side of the earth facing the sun.
2. How is unequal heating of the earth responsible for our predominant wind pattern here in Michigan?
Rank the critical energy and matter transformations necessary to create a west wind.
Learn more about creating questions for Gallery Walk using Bloom's Taxonomy
« Gallery Walk Questions on Weathering and Mass Wasting Gallery Walk Questions on Atmosphere Composition »


text:
Science Fair Project Encyclopedia
In differential geometry, a pseudo-Riemannian manifold is a smooth manifold equipped with a smooth, symmetric, (0,2) tensor which is nondegenerate at each point on the manifold. This tensor is called a pseudo-Riemannian metric or, simply, a (pseudo-)metric tensor.
The key difference between a Riemannian metric and a pseudo-Riemannian metric is that a pseudo-Riemannian metric need not be positive-definite, merely nondegenerate. Since every positive-definite form is also nondegenerate a Riemannian metric is a special case of a pseudo-Riemannian one. Thus pseudo-Riemannian manifolds can be considered generalizations of Riemannian manifolds.
Every nondegenerate, symmetric, bilinear form has a fixed signature (p,q). Here p and q denote the number of positive and negative eigenvalues of the form. The signature of a pseudo-Riemannian manifold is just the signature of the metric (one should insist that the signature is the same on every connected component). Note that p + q = n is the dimension of the manifold. Riemannian manifolds are simply those with signature (n,0).
Pseudo-Riemannian metrics of signature (p,1) (or sometimes (1,q), see sign convention) are called Lorentzian metrics. A manifold equipped with a Lorentzian metric is naturally called a Lorentzian manifold. After Riemannian manifolds, Lorentzian manifolds form the most important subclass of pseudo-Riemannian manifolds. They are important because of their physical applications to the theory of general relativity. A principal assumption of general relativity is that spacetime can be modeled as a Lorentzian manifold of signature (3,1).
Just as Euclidean space can be thought of as the model Riemannian manifold, Minkowski space with the flat Minkowski metric is the model Lorentzian manifold. Likewise, the model space for a pseudo-Riemannian manifold of signature (p,q) is with the metric
Some basic theorems of Riemannian geometry can be generalized to the pseudo-Riemannian case. In particular, the fundamental theorem of Riemannian geometry is true of pseudo-Riemannian manifolds as well. This allows one to speak of the Levi-Civita connection on a pseudo-Riemannian manifold along with the associated curvature tensor. On the other hand, there are many theorems in Riemannian geometry which do not hold in the generalized case. For example, it is not true that every smooth manifold admits a pseudo-Riemannian metric of a given signature; there are certain topological obstructions.
The contents of this article is licensed from _URL_ under the GNU Free Documentation License. Click here to see the transparent copy and copyright details


MSP Task hours change to 0 when replacing a resource
Article ID: 220487
Updated On:
Clarity PPM On Premise Clarity PPM SaaS
Issue with the replacement of resources in Microsoft Project (MSP) where hours are getting dropped when replacing the resource.
Example: You have a role or resource is assigned to a Task with 40 hours. When you select another another resource to assign to the task in MSP, the hours in MSP change to 0
This is due to the resource that the role or resource being replaced with has max units set to 0%. Max units is pulled from the team members allocation for the current day the project is exported from Clarity (See Max Units on Resource Sheet in MSP), so if the resource's allocation on the team tab for today's date is 0, this will give them 0 max units in MSP. Therefore, when the replace is done, MSP sees the resource has no allocation / availability to work on the task and the hours get dropped.
This will happen regardless of whether MSP Assignment Units Mapping with PPM Assignment 'Max % Load is checked or not in Clarity since this the project is now opened in MSP, and MSP owns how the task units are calculated (pulled from the Max units)
Release : All
Component : Clarity Microsoft Project Integration
 1. Assign the resource allocation in Clarity for the current day.
 2. Or, you can readd the hours back after doing the replacement of the resource.
Additional Information
See also:


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 5. 5. Advanced Data Structures in R
Data Frames in R
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The course is part of this learning path
Fundamentals of R
Data Frames in R
Course Description
Learning Objectives
 - How to construct a factor in R
 - How to construct a data frame in R
 - How to modify a data frame
 - How to subset a data frame
 - Data frames automatically factorising data in R
Intended Audience
Aimed at all who wish to learn the R programming language.
No prior knowledge of R is assumed
Understanding mathematical concepts will be beneficial
- [Instructor] Data frames in R can be created using the data frame instructor. The inputs of which include vectors. Vectors of equal length which can be called or termed named columns. As an example I will use a column with the name name. I will set that to equal to a vector of three names. I can then add in a second vector named age. I can set that equal to a vector of numbers. I can then add in a third vector of location. But this time I can input this as a vector within a factor constructor and I can then close this off. I can then close off my data frame constructor and on the screen I see an output which is the data frame that I have just created. I can store this down as an assigned variable by running, using the, utilizing the assignment operator and terming this super as being the data frame that I have just created. Okay. Are there any restrictions on the vectors when creating a data frame? Now we already knew that the inputs to a data frame have to be vectors but the vectors must be of equal length such that the data frame is a rectangular shape. The main benefit here is that vectors can be heterogeneous to one another meaning that they can differ in type. So for example in super we had characters for the names, we had numbers for the age, we had factors for the location so we have various different types. How can we indicate a missing entry? We use the key term NA and here I will create an update to my super definition. So if I go up to my super definition using the up arrow on the keyboard and instead of adding in the cute name Kara I add in NA in its place. When I run this and I look for what I have created, on the screen will we now see an NA for a missing value. To understand what, from a high level, we have created we can ask for the class. For an internal structure or a low level, we can ask for the type of this. So underneath the data frame we have a list. That is the internal storage structure. How can we access elements within our data frames that we have created? So calling super back to the screen to show you what we have. We can use index access, meaning we can use square brackets and then call an index. Say for example one. That would return the first column. Which is perhaps not so readable if your data frame contained many columns and multiple rows. Meaning instead of three rows, imagine you had a data frame containing three million observations of all of the various many different people that might exist. You would be better off using, and this might be called best practice. If I call the dollar notation, which is used for member referencing, and I say name at this point here, that brings up the names that I have. I can ask for the second name and that returns the second name in my super data frame. I can repeat the same logic for location to find out what the second location is. Which is KS. What's interesting to note is that we see a return of levels for each of my string or character columns. What's happening is that inside of our data frame we are automatically factorizing the data. Here I've recreated the data frame and I'm just noting that I can choose how strings are handled by the data frame constructor. By default, we had set strings to equal true. So in our initial definition of our data frame, we had implicitly defined, or by default defined, strings as factors to equal true, which mean that any string vector being inputed into our data frame was coming through as a factor. We automatically factorized the data. Such that when I called the column name which was not defined as a factor as opposed to location which was defined as a factor, this returned levels and implied that we had a factor here. Let's say I didn't want to have my character vectors as strings and I would like to see, actually, the names here not defined as strings. I could use the false argument for this parameter and now if I call super dollar name to the screen I can see just the names as if they were a normal character vector, not defined as a special character vector which would be a factor. If I defined the information that we had as a list, we could see that we are using named vectors to help us define our list. But if I call super list to the screen we can see that this differs from super, which has been defined as a data frame, and that data frames appear more like a table than a list does. So they're more user friendly. Can I name objects? So if I was to ask for the names of these objects. I can ask for names of supers, of the super data frame and I can return back the names of my vectors that have been defined. I can also ask for the names of my super list in exactly the same way. What about for column names? It's exactly the same as I would have for names from my data frame. But does a list contain column names? No. Useful for annotating data would be the identifier. So we can ask for the row names. Which again, is sensible and makes sense with a tabular format or a rectangular shape that a data frame takes, however, this does not make sense with a list. And just to round off the topic, I'd just like to state a few functions that are useful. So the number of rows of super, knowing that each vector inside of my data frame must be the same length, I can see that each vector much be of length three or is of length three. The number of columns that I have. I can understand how wide my data frame is. I can also ask for both of these parameters to be returned in one function or one swoop and I can use the dim for dimensions on the super data frame.
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Kunal Haria
Data Science Trainer
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Both Celsius and Fahrenheit units are supported to show the current temperature on Google Now. To change weather units Google Now, do as follows:
1. Open Google Now (Google application) on your device)
2. Find the Weather card, and tap exclamation icon on the top right
3. Select "Weather units"
4. Choose either Celsius or Fahrenheit
** If you search Weather in the Google search bar, then you just need to tap C or F, to toggle between Celsius Fahrenheit


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Your personal trainer
ExactSpent will help you to identify how many words you translate, write, or edit
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Open the job you work on in TO3000, click the ExactSpent button to open it right from TO3000, and start to count time.
Import your time results into TO3000 to calculate the total value of the work.


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Got that pioneering spirit? You're invited to help build Israel's periphery by planting roots in southern soil with Nefesh B'Nefesh.
Generally speaking, any food produced by a non-kosher animal is non-kosher. Thus, the egg of a non-kosher bird is not kosher but the egg of a kosher bird, such as a chicken, is kosher. If one comes across an egg and does not know which bird laid it, how does one tell a non-kosher egg from a kosher egg?
The Talmud gives us two ways to tell if an egg is of a non-kosher bird. If the egg is totally round like a ball rather than round at one end and tapered at the other end, a non-kosher bird laid the egg. So, too, if the yolk of the egg surrounds the white of the egg rather than the other way around, or if the egg has no white but is filled with yolk. If, however, the egg is round at one end and tapered at the other, the white of the egg surrounds the yolk and it looks like the egg of a chicken or of another identifiable kosher bird, the egg is kosher and may be eaten without any further investigation as to its pedigree.
In accordance with the general principle articulated above, the egg of a neveilah chicken that died before it was properly slaughtered, as well as the egg of a treif chicken that suffered from one of the treif-rendering defects previously discussed, is prohibited for consumption.
If a non-kosher egg, such as the egg of an eagle, was cooked in the same pot as kosher eggs, the kosher eggs remain kosher and may be eaten provided the non-kosher egg was cooked in its shell. The reason for this is that a kosher item cooked with a non-kosher item only becomes non-kosher if it absorbs the taste of the non-kosher item cooked together with it.
The shell of the non-kosher egg acts as a buffer through which the taste cannot be transferred to the kosher eggs. If, however, the non-kosher egg is taken out of its shell or its shell is cracked and it is cooked with the kosher eggs, the kosher eggs become non-kosher and cannot be eaten even if the kosher eggs remain in their shells unless the ratio of the kosher eggs to the non-kosher egg is at least 61 kosher eggs to the 1 non-kosher egg.
What is the status of an egg with bloodstains or blood specks?
The basic principle here is that the Torah only prohibits the consumption of blood of meat but not the blood of eggs. Nevertheless, there is a concern that a blood spot in an egg may indicate the presence of the beginning of the formation of the embryo of a chick. Although a hatched chick would be permissible for consumption if properly slaughtered, the embryo of a chick inside an egg of a bird, even a kosher bird, is forbidden for consumption. Such a blood spot that raises the concern of the existence of the beginnings of an embryo in the egg is referred to in the halacha as dam rikum.
The concern of dam rikum, however, is only present in the case of an egg laid by a chicken that mated with a rooster but it is not present in the case of an egg laid by a chicken that was not fertilized by a rooster. A fertilized egg may hatch into a chick after the hen has sat upon it for a period of three days whereas an egg that was not fertilized by a rooster, referred to in the halacha as beitza hamuzeret, will never hatch into a chick never mind how long the hen sits on it. Accordingly, any blood found in an unfertilized egg cannot be dam rikum and under Torah law may be eaten.
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The Rambam, therefore, adds a second component: by getting angry, Moshe misled the people as to the nature of God. The masses felt that Moshe's anger was reflective of God's anger.
One of the most complex Tanach personalities is the central figure of this week's Haftorah: Yiftach, the Shofet, Judge.
"I saw an advertisement for group swimming lessons during the summer," Mr. Leiner said to his wife. "I think it would be good for our Pinchas."
Rabbeinu Tam Tefillin
'Transgressing Bal Tigra'
Question: As Shavuot is fast approaching – a holiday on which we dwell on the story of Ruth and the origins of the royal house of David – I was wondering if you could help me resolve something. The Mishnah never makes any mention of the Hasmonean kings, the mitzvah to light a Chanukah menorah, or the miracle of the oil that lasted eight days. Some people say that Rabbi Yehudah HaNassi – the redactor of the six orders of the Mishnah and a scion of King David – omitted these topics because the Hasmoneans improperly crowned themselves, ignoring the rule that all Jewish kings are supposed to come from the tribe of Yehudah. They argue that this is also why the Talmud does not include a separate tractate on Chanukah. Is this true?
In this week's parshah the Torah discusses many halachos of tumah. One halacha is that a person who is tamei may not enter the Mikdash. Doing so makes him liable for kareis.
The highway was packed with bumper-to-bumper traffic, and there I sat with hands gripped tightly on the steering wheel, begging the cars to move. My heart swelled at the thought of seeing my son, who was just coming back from his year of learning in Eretz Yisrael. How I had missed him! Though I was used to him being away (if you can ever really get used to a child being away), a special space in my heart was empty – as I waited for him.
No one lives in a vacuum. No, that doesn't mean we didn't get sucked up through a vacuum cleaner hose in the pre-Pesach cleaning frenzy, it means that whether we like it or not, our environment—the people and things around us—makes a big impact on who we are.
According to biblical law, once an area has been converted in to a reshut hayachid by enclosing it with a halachically acceptable eruv, one may carry inside the enclosed area. But according to rabbinical law, it is simply not enough to enclose an area in which one wants to carry with an eruv. This alone will not permit carrying from the home into the street or vice versa. Neither will it alone permit carrying from a condominium apartment into the lobby or other common areas.
Yidsville had a small but dedicated Jewish community. There was one Orthodox synagogue, led by Rabbi Well, a day school, women's mikveh, kosher butcher shop, pizza store and restaurants.
In this week's parshah the Torah tells us that Hashem told Aharon to redeem every firstborn child. This is known as pidyon haben. The Rema, in Yoreh De'ah 305:10, rules in the name of the Rivash that one may not appoint a shaliach to perform pidyon haben. Many Acharonim argue with this ruling and posit that one can appoint a shaliach to perform pidyon haben.
You may remember how we once did an experiment with a story (about a monster fire in Arizona) without Jewish protagonists, but containing a universal lesson that I believed worthy to record for the readers of Chodesh Tov. We are there yet again, this time directly north in Wisconsin.
Please bear with me as we once again record a story we investigated in the hope that the lesson is unique and worthy of our attention. It is going to take us five full columns to complete the tale, and I thank you in advance for your patience.
Elevated Train Tracks And Eruvin
(Please note: The question has been modified to reflect amendments suggested by a reader, Yisrael Levi, in last week's column.)
More evidence that Jews tried to change their fate at the hands of the Nazis: Archaeologists discovered that Jews at the Sobibor death camp built an escape tunnel but apparently didn't live to use it.
An ancient frog can now be added to Israel's history. The "painted frog," though to be extinct, turns out to be a descendant of a one million-old frog.
Sen. Frank Lautenberg of New Jersey died Monday at the age 89. His life was a classic Jewish rag-to-riches story of a young man who worked his way to business and political success.
The Middle Ages have returned to Europe, or maybe they never left. Jews dipping matzos in blood is old hat. Now a Norwegian newspaper depicts circumcision as a violent and bloody religious custom.
The heinous crime that put "Prisoner X" Ben Zygier in an Israel jail where he killed himself was not known until today: He butchered a secret Mossad operation to bring home the remains of 3 soldiers.
The surgery was a complete success, but the surviving twin is still not out of danger.
Last week, police executed a search warrant in the couple's former home in Dewitt.
"They located the barbecue in a grassy area, ignoring safety guidelines."
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FIBA, the international governing body of basketball, has demonstrated its dedication to sustainability by unveiling an MVP trophy crafted entirely from 100% recycled materials. This significant initiative took place during the FIBA 3×3 World Tour 2023 held in Edmonton, Canada.
The design of the trophy was entrusted to Sustain Awards, and it has been meticulously crafted using sustainable methods and techniques, employing 100% recycled waste packaging as its foundation.
This innovative approach has led to a remarkable 75% reduction in carbon dioxide emissions throughout the trophy's entire manufacturing process compared to a conventional trophy. This encompassing reduction covers various aspects such as materials, packaging, and transportation.
Furthermore, this environmentally conscious process effectively offsets a total of five tonnes of carbon dioxide emissions (CO2e). This figure is equivalent to the impact of removing 397 cars from the road for a single day.
Alex Sanchez, the Managing Director of FIBA 3×3, emphasised the significance of this trophy in symbolising FIBA 3×3's strong commitment to reducing its carbon footprint. He expressed pride in being at the forefront of introducing an environmentally-friendly trophy, which stands as a testament to FIBA 3×3's dedication to sustainability and innovation.
Sanchez remarked, "Our objective was to create a trophy that had minimal environmental impact while evoking a sense of pride for its recipients. The introduction of this captivating MVP trophy reflects our achievement of precisely that goal."
Incorporating this groundbreaking MVP trophy represents a substantial stride forward for FIBA 3×3, resonating with the concerns of both players and fans regarding the well-being of our planet. The environmentally-friendly addition to the FIBA 3×3 World Tour 2023 is anticipated to garner widespread appreciation and acknowledgment.


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The User's Perspective
Interperiod Equity and What It Means to You
The notion of interperiod equity really should be pretty straightforward, but it is described in a variety of ways that sometimes seem similar and other times seem quite opposite. GASB Chairman Bob Attmore describes it as the state at which current-year taxpayers have provided adequate resources to pay for the cost of current-year services. Another way to look at it is as a state of equilibrium in which a government is neither deferring costs to the future nor using accumulated resources to provide current-period services. It is important to note that for financial reporting purposes, interperiod equity is a relevant metric to assess accountability rather than a goal that is expected to be met in any specific reporting period. For users of financial statements, the concept of interperiod equity is particularly important because it addresses the implications of fiscal decisions a government makes today but that may be felt well into the future.
A financial reporting objective related to both accountability and decision usefulness, interperiod equity makes its first appearance in GASB literature in Concepts Statement No. 1, Objectives of Financial Reporting. In that document, the GASB uses companion notions like "living within our means" and "balanced budget" and "fairness" to help illustrate the concept. The idea is that by achieving interperiod equity, taxpayers of today pay for the services that they receive and the burden of payment for services today is not shifted to taxpayers of the future. Of course, whether interperiod equity is achieved is a policy decision of the government. From a financial reporting perspective, the extent to which interperiod equity has been achieved can be indicated and a determination of whether taxpayer contributions are appropriate can be assessed.
In Concepts Statement No. 4, Elements of Financial Statements, the GASB added a description of interperiod equity as "the state in which current period inflows of resources equal current period cost of services." When this is achieved, it goes on to say, "the burden of the cost of [current period] services is borne by present-year taxpayers and revenue providers" rather than "shifted to future-year taxpayers or revenue providers through an increase in the level of borrowing" or paid from net resources accumulated in past periods. It is easy to understand why the GASB considers this a relevant metric to assess accountability.
Interperiod equity should not be interpreted as meaning that governments should live only from year to year, and not do financial planning for the long term. Again, that decision is based on the policies of the government. For example, many would argue that it is appropriate to use long-term debt to pay for capital assets, or to accumulate resources annually over many years to do so.
How the GASB's Standards Address Interperiod Equity
As an example of the relevance of this concept today, the GASB is currently examining its pension and other postemployment benefits (OPEB) standards to determine, among other things, whether the existing standards help financial report users to assess the degree to which interperiod equity has been achieved and, if not, consider if the standards should be amended to better allow for that assessment.
Let us be clear—GASB standards do not take a position on whether it is most appropriate to pay for all costs in the periods they are incurred, or to accumulate assets over time to make future payments, or to shift current costs to future periods. The standards are objective in this regard. Rather, because it is clearly important to many kinds of users to be able to tell if costs are being covered within a given period or not, the standards require reporting of information that allows users to make that assessment.
Furthermore, it should not be assumed that governments that pass a burden of debt down the road for future generations to contend with do so because they are unscrupulous. More commonly, the explanations may be found in the political pressures of annually balancing the budget or a lack of a full understanding about the long-term implications of the benefit promises that were made to employees. Statement No. 45, Accounting and Financial Reporting by Employers for Postemployment Benefits Other Than Pensions, was met with resistance from some corners when it was issued because it requires governments to recognize the costs of benefits as they are earned, rather than later when they are paid to retirees and to estimate and report the size of their long-term obligation. In retrospect, however, it has served to shine a spotlight on the magnitude of the costs of health insurance and other OPEB, allowing financial statement users a more comprehensively informed view of a government's financial commitments.
Interperiod equity is not limited to recognizing costs—expenditures or expenses—in the proper period, but also extends to revenues. A GASB pronouncement that addresses the concept of reporting revenues in their appropriate periods is Statement No. 48, Sales and Pledges of Receivables and Future Revenues and Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets and Future Revenues. Under the 1998 U.S. tobacco industry agreements with state governments that released the companies from present and future smoking-related liabilities, the companies agreed to make payments to the affected governments in perpetuity based on future tobacco sales. Some sought to securitize the money to be received in the future through bond sales. A question arose: Could they recognize all of the proceeds of the bond sales as revenue now? The Board concluded in Statement 48 that the answer is no from a financial reporting perspective—affected governments had to recognize the revenue over the periods to which the future inflows relate.
As governments seek ways to close budget gaps and meet capital investment needs, "public/private partnerships" are financing options that more and more governments are considering. The GASB is currently engaged in a project addressing service concession arrangements, which are a type of public/private partnership in which a public entity, like a state highway department, enters into an agreement with a private entity to build or operate a public asset, for example, a toll road. The project, for which a proposed Statement was issued in June (see the accompanying article), raises questions directly related to interperiod equity, including how inflows from upfront payments to the public entity should be recognized, and whether and how the government should report the property as a capital asset. In some circumstances, the GASB's approach to those questions involves amortizing such payments over the life of the contract or the capital asset.
The accrual basis of accounting itself is intended to ensure that costs and revenues are reported in keeping with the appropriate period and that the government is living within its means. Under full accrual, all flows of resources—and therefore all changes in net assets—during the year are recorded regardless of whether they involved cash flowing into our out of the government. When a government follows full accrual, it reports in each year's financial statements every transaction that occurs during the year that has an impact on its finances, even if cash did not change hands. The nature of this basis of accounting, then, is well-suited to allow users of financial statements to make judgments about what kind of job a government is doing with respect to interperiod equity.
The notion of fiscal sustainability considers whether a government is on a path that can be sustained into the future. Earlier this year, the United States Treasury Department published a report that concluded the current financial path the U.S. government is on is not fiscally sustainable. Without getting into the details, the current fiscal policies are projected to produce a relatively flat level of revenues in the next decades, but the corresponding debt service and entitlement program spending commitments are projected to grow by multiples over that same time horizon. During the course of the next generation, according to the projections, the federal government not only will lose its discretionary spending capacity, but also its ability to pay for entitlement programs will be severely challenged due to surging debt service payments.
The federal government has, until now, bridged its fiscal gaps by issuing additional debt rather than attempting to achieve interperiod equity. State and local governments, however, are generally required to balance budgets. The GASB has been studying the importance of the notion of fiscal sustainability to the users of state and local government financial reports and the kinds of information they use to assess it. The GASB will consider whether a project should be added to its current technical agenda to better address economic condition and fiscal sustainability reporting.
"What is to be done then?" you might ask. The purpose of this article is simply to bring these issues into focus and to show how this important concern of users is taken into account in standards of accounting and financial reporting. In keeping with the GASB's goals of improving transparency and providing better accountability, citizens and other users of financial statements ought to be able to look at financial reports and be able to discern the fiscal path a government is on.
For 25 years the GASB has worked to develop accounting standards for state and local governments that result in transparent financial reporting. At the same time, it has helped these entities to be more accountable to their citizens and taxpayers by giving them the tools to demonstrate their stewardship over the resources entrusted to them. A concept like interperiod equity is not in itself the solution, but it is certainly part of it.


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Demons of Domesticity offers a social history of the English gas industry from the 1880s to the late 1930s, with an emphasis on the corporations that served London and the Home Counties. It documents the hitherto unexamined role that women played in the development of the industry by considering two major interlocking themes: the expansion of sales occupations for women in the English gas industry, and the parallel growth and diversification of the industry's marketing strategies. During the late-nineteenth century, the home became the focal point for a number of debates concerning female employment and gender roles. As an increasing number of labour saving domestic devices came onto the market women found themselves targeted by manufacturing companies and utility suppliers, both as consumers and advocates. Foremost among these companies were representatives of the gas industry who actively addressed domestic issues. As the promoters, purveyors and consumers of domestic technology, Demons of Domesticity suggests that English female employees and consumers were not the hapless dupes of corporate marketing, but instead had clear ideas about how domestic technology could and should be used to reconfigure the public and private spaces of work and home.
Contents: List of figures; General editor's preface; Acknowledgements; List of abbreviations; Introduction; The Victorian kitchen revolutionised; Exhibitions and the spectacle of selling; Lady demons and 'well-dressed men': gender and sales in the Edwardian gas industry; 'Keep the gas fires burning!': war and reconstruction; Marketing modernity: gas versus electricity between the wars; 'A women's industry': demonstrations of difference and equality; Conclusion; Biography; Index.