text:
Have you ever faced that awkward moment, when you sent an SMS to a wrong person and felt ashamed? I wish you have not! Be proactive and save yourself from such an embarrassing situation. We have an option available for you to get control over a sent message. You can still cancel the delivery of an SMS even when you have sent it. This thing happens on smartphones usually when you have installed message apps more than one, and they get conflicted.
No doubt, you can't cancel a sent message with an android system. So you need another system or more advance app to help you operate even when you have sent an SMS wrongly. And with the help of TigerText app you can make it happen! TigerText is an SMS app, which can be used in place of default SMS app of an android system. This is not like Whatsapp, so if your contacts can't have it they will still receive your text messages. So, stay relaxed when you are texting or doing some work, TigerText will help you in number of ways.
TigerText can help you protecting your messages as well as canceling of the sent SMS. Doesn't it sound like you are reading a dream come true type post? Do you want to know how does it work? Let's figure out:-
- Type your text after selecting new message.
- Now, send the message and long press when sending message
- You can now select the Recall option. This should be done before the opening and reading of the message by the recipient.
- This is the time you will see that green icon does not exist anymore, so the message was sent successfully.
So, tell us how you found TigerText. Did it work for you? Share you good or bad experiences in the comment section below.


How Not to Choose an Expression
We sometimes have a requirement to select between two or more expressions dependant on user selections or some other condition. For example, this chart Expression.
 // Calculate with Commision
 SalesAmount - SalesAmount * CommissionRate)
 // Calculate without Commission
The if() will select one or the other sum() expression based on the value of the vWithCommmision variable. Because a variable is being tested — not a row value — only one sum() will be chosen for the entire chart.
If performance is important, this is not a good way to implement the requirement. QlikView does not "short circuit". Short circuit means to stop evaluating when the condition is true. QlikView will calculate both sums and then return one of those results.
Some people mistakenly believe that putting the above expression in a variable changes the behavior. This is incorrect. The if() evaluation is still done at the chart level and the performance impact remains.
A performant way to solve the requirement is to put each calculation into a separate chart Expression and use the Conditional property to select the Expression.
An Expression with a Conditional evaluating to False will not be calculated or displayed.
There is also the possibility of choosing the calculation in a variable, but you have to follow a few rules.
 1. The variable should return the string representation of the formula. Note the single quotes in the example below.
 2. The variable definition should begin with "=". This causes the if() to be evaluated only once.
 3. In the chart Expression, reference to the variable should be made with $(). eg $(vChooseCalc)
 SalesAmount - SalesAmount * CommissionRate)'
For more performance tips, join us at the upcoming "Masters Summit for Qlikvew" in San Francisco May 2015 where Oleg Troyansky presents an always enlightening session on Performance Tuning. Can't make SF? Check out the other dates and locations on the website.
14 thoughts on "How Not to Choose an Expression"
 1. Rob, I was recently informed that if you are desiging for the Ajax client you should NOT begin the variable definition with "=" as it impacts performance. Can you verify that is correct?
 1. It was during a consult with a Qlik employee at the World Conference in Orlando. It was within the context of chart performance in the ajax client.
 I load variables (constants and expressions) using a text file. He said that I should define the variables without using a "=". I haven't throughly tested it yet, but the expressions don't seem to work if you don't have the "=".
 2. Do you know if the same applies to PICK statements as to IF statements? We have a scenario where we're using those to select between a 5 options for how to calculate a specific field in the chart… if it's calculating all 5 options each time, that could obviously be a pretty big performance hit!
 3. Hi Rob
 As interesting as usual. Just a question, i use the pick() function when there are more than one expression, does it performs like an if, or just evaluates the "picked" expression?
 1. Pick performs just like an if(). That is, all expressions are evaluated and then the pick() is applied to select a result.
 4. Hello Rob,
 this is pretty interesting, but a little bit disturbing, at least for me.
 your definition of 'short circuit' doesn't match with these ones
 you said that qlikview will calculate both sums before to evaluate condition, also with a pick, as you wrote in a comment above.
 if this is true, this is a not really good feature for qlikview.
 Is there any kind of official doc about this from QlikTech?
 Thank you very much for your blog, I enjoy it a lot.
 Best regards
 5. Alberto,
 Actually, the lack of short circuiting is not always bad. In this thread read Henric's explanation of why they don't short circuit (about half way down the thread). In most cases it's a good thing. It only becomes a potential negative when testing a variable (vs a row by row condition) and even then is only noticeable in large apps.
 6. Hello Rob,
 Is it still true that false branches are not terminated? I have made different attempts to test this (11.2 SR6), but I can not verify it. Instead it seems like the following expressions get the same calculation time (SEK selected in SelectedCurrency):
 compared to
 (I would however anyway write this expression differently)
 7. I'm not aware of any changes to the eval logic. I did some recent testing and it appeared that all branches were evaluated. I should clarify that I have no way of knowing for sure what was actually executed, but I speculate based on timing tests as you do.
 I'm not sure why your test shows the same calc time. It could be your testing methodology or it could be something else I'm missing.
 8. I have a nested-if for a formatted Income Statement report that performs decently, but it's not ideal. Since the chart can have a blank line (for formatting purposes), an Earnings Per Share line (which is formatted differently – out to 3 decimals), and then all other lines formatted normally, the approach below is the only way I've thought to handle this. Is there any way around a nested-if in this case?
 if([Level] = 'Space',' ', // Blank Line
 if([Level] = 'EPS',$(eEPS(Actual)), // EPS
 if([Calculation]='Total', num(sum(-[Actual]*[Amount])/vDivideBy,'$#,##0;($#,##0)'),
 9. Mark,
 This is actually a very good use of if(). At some row of the chart, each condition of the expression will be true. This is a situation where QV's lack of "short circuit" is actually advantageous.
 The issue discussed in this post applies when only one condition could be true. Your if() statement looks fine to me.
 10. if condition are in which level gives good performance in script level are expression level?
 can any one help me.
Leave a Reply


text:
A New Path
A New Path lays out AFSC's seven principles for a new path toward a humane immigration policy. Learn more about our current work.
Develop humane economic policies to reduce forced migration
International economic policies, including trade agreements, need to be consistent with human rights, trade justice, and sustainable approaches to the environment and economic development in order to prevent labor displacement and its consequences such as forced economic migration.
Protect the labor rights of all workers
All workers are entitled to humane policies that protect their labor and employment rights.
Develop a clear path to citizenship
Inclusive measures must be enacted that lead to permanent residence and citizenship for undocumented immigrants.
Respect the civil and human rights of immigrants
Immigrants, regardless of status, deserve the same civil and human rights as all U.S. residents.
Demilitarize the U.S.-Mexico border
End costly, ineffective, and inhumane policies that have heavily militarized the U.S.-Mexico border region and undermined the quality of life of border communities.
Make family reunification a top priority
Recognize the distinctly important and valuable role of family ties by supporting the reunification of immigrant families in a way that equally respects both heterosexual and same-sex relationships.
Ensure that immigrants and refugees have access to services
Our values should not be contingent on immigration status. Public programs and services to address needs like public health or to fulfill our societal sense of fairness and compassion should never be dependent on a person's race, ethnicity, or place of birth.
Get Immigration Updates
To hear about important Immigration issues and ways to take action, sign up for Immigrants Rights emails.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


How do you say "she weighs 60 kilograms" in Portuguese?
Here's the answer:
"pesa sessenta quilos"
Watch a real native speaker say it:
Here's how it sounds in a textbook:
You could also say:
 - ela pesa sessenta quilos
Fun fact: the hundreds of thousands of people learning Portuguese with Memrise get this phrase correct 98.54% of the time!
Time to set your textbook on fire, learn "pesa sessenta quilos" and other useful phrases that Portuguese speakers really use!
burning textbook


Everything You Need to Know About Fulbright Creative and Performing Arts Awards
Jun 29, 2017 • Views -
When applying for a Fulbright U.S. Student Award for Study/Research, it can be difficult to determine if your proposal is an "Academic" or "Creative and Performing Arts" project. While there are many similarities between academic and arts-related awards, there are several key differences that make it critical to understand which category your proposed project best fits. Fulbright Program staff recently recorded a webinar to help explain some commonly misunderstood aspects of the Creative and Performing Arts application process. Here are some of the top questions asked by applicants and their answers. Visit the Fulbright Webinar page to access the full recorded seminar on the 2018-19 Arts Awards.
1. How do I know if I should apply as a Creative and Performing Arts candidate?
When determining whether your project proposal is academic or artistic in nature, you should ask yourself whether or not the project hinges on your artistic abilities and background. Arts-related projects should develop your craft while interacting with a larger question. Academic projects can have artistic themes but don't necessary depend on your abilities as an artist. For example, if you propose an independent study project on murals in Mexico where you'd be analyzing pieces and writing about art theory/history, you would apply as an academic candidate. If you proposed this same project but focused on learning local techniques and incorporating new skills into your personal murals/paintings, you would apply as an arts candidate.
2. Are there any different application components needed if applying for an Arts award?
When applying for a U.S. Student Program Study/Research award, you will have the option to select either "Academic" or "Creative and Performing Arts" as your award type. Creative and Performing Arts applicants are required to submit supplementary materials related to their field such as an artistic portfolio or previous work examples. Arts awards are accepted in the same countries and regions as academic study/research awards, although some countries haven't had as many arts applicants in the past.
3. Are arts-related Fulbright applications generally successful?
There is no definitive answer regarding the overall success rate of arts applications, although Fulbright has had a growing interest in supporting arts candidates. The number of arts applicants has decreased in the last few years. Even if a country hasn't supported any arts applicants in the past, it might not be because that country isn't interested in the arts; some countries might not have previously received strong arts applications.
 4. Are there any countries or regions that specifically need more arts-related candidates?
Yes! Many regions see a surplus of academic study/research applicants or English Teaching Assistant applicants. The East Asia/Pacific region is specifically looking for more arts-related study/research applicants.
5. If I'm applying for a Study/Research award for a graduate program abroad, how do I know if I might be considered an arts candidate?
Look at the materials that the university requires in your application. If you're applying for a graduate program that requires a portfolio or audition, then you should most likely apply as a Creative and Performing Arts candidate for your Fulbright Study/Research award.
6. Is creative writing a supported art form?
Yes, absolutely. A list of supported arts-related disciplines can be found on the Fulbright website.
7. What are the biggest mistakes that applicants make when applying for an arts award?
Fulbright sees two major flaws in many arts applications. The first is proposing to replicate the same projects or work that you're doing in the United States. For example, if an artist makes small pottery in the U.S. and proposes to make the exact same type of pottery in Morocco, Fulbright will want to see a greater challenge or transformational aspect to the proposal. Conversely, the other major flaw that Fulbright sees is related to feasibility. Many applicants propose projects that are completely different from their artistic backgrounds and fail to make strong cases about how they have sufficient training and experience to complete their projects. For example, Fulbright typically wouldn't find it feasible for an artist with a background in pottery to choreograph and direct a community dance showcase if the applicant has expressed no prior experience or training in dance or the performing arts. Fulbright is looking for applicants who have the solid foundation in their field needed to complete a project, but the intent to build upon their craft in a meaningful and logical way.
8. Can I apply to a country where I have limited language skills?
Every country has different language requirements. Some require fluency or intermediate skills while some countries have no language requirements. Even if a country has no formal language requirements, it's important for you to keep the feasibility of your project in mind. If you're doing a project where you need to interview many people, for example, you might need a more advanced set of language skills.
9. If I'm applying for the second time, am I obligated to provide new portfolio materials?
It depends on how your portfolio materials relate to the current project you're proposing. If you're applying for the second time, the committee might wonder about the projects that you've been working on in the year since you last applied. Strong applications show growth and development in artistic ability.
10. If I propose a project that affiliates with a specific university in a specific city, am I still able to explore my proposed topic in other regions of the host country?
While Fulbright wants you to have a "home base" within your proposed host country, most applicants travel within the country as needed to conduct other aspects of their projects. Fulbright wouldn't want you moving around every week, but in-country travel both related to your project and for cultural exchange purposes is highly encouraged.
Interested in applying? Bookmark the Fulbright U.S. Student Program for Study/Research to your ProFellow account.
Also see our articles on Fulbright Application Tips for more insights on developing a strong Fulbright application.
© Victoria Johnson 2017, all rights reserved.
 - 46


text:
The award consists of $30,000 and can be used towards:
- The Fellow's academic year and summer stipend.
Examples of charges NOT considered legitimate include:
- Tuition – it is expected that the Fellow's institution will waive or assume tuition charges.
- Summer salary or other compensation for the research advisor.
- Pooled or overhead costs, and salary for support staff (e.g. secretarial or clerical help).
- The applicant must be working toward a Ph.D. in an academic institution. (Please note: the applicant must have already been accepted into a Ph.D. program.)
- No limitations are placed on citizenship.
- Fellowships are only tenable at U.S. and Canadian Universities.
- Fellows must be enrolled on a full-time basis for the duration of the award.
Application Evaluation Information
Applications will be evaluated by a panel of experts in the fields of ocean engineering and ocean instrumentation. The main criteria for evaluation include:
- The project – Is it innovative? Is it technically sound?
- The candidate – Important criteria include intellectual ability and achievement, evidence of creativity and initiative, and potential for a career that will impact ocean engineering and instrumentation.
Preference will be given to candidates who have a well-defined thesis direction, but who still have enough remaining time to work toward their Ph.D. such that the receipt of a Link Foundation Fellowship could make a difference.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Object-Based Thermal Image Segmentation for Fault Diagnosis of Reciprocating compressors
Rongfeng Deng, Yubin Lin, Weijie Tang, Fengshou Gu, Andrew Ball
Research output: Contribution to journalLetterpeer-review
As an essential mechanical device in many industrial applications, reciprocating compressors have a high demand for operating efficiency and availability. Because the temperature of each part of a reciprocating compressor depends considerably on operating conditions, faults in any parts will cause the variation of the temperature distribution, which provides the possibility to distinguish the fault type of reciprocating compressors by differentiating the distribution using infrared thermal imaging. In this paper, three types of common fault are laboratory experimented in an uncontrolled temperature environment. The temperature distribution signals of a reciprocating compressor are captured by a non-contact infrared camera remotely in the form of heat maps during the experimental process. Based on the temperature distribution under baseline condition, temperature fields of six main components were selected via Hue-Saturation-Value (HSV) image as diagnostic features. During the experiment, the average grayscale values of each component were calculated to form 6-dimension vectors to represent the variation of the temperature distribution. A computational efficient multiclass support vector machine (SVM) model is then used for classifying the differences of the distributions, and the classification results demonstrate that the average temperatures of six main components aided by SVM is a promising technique to diagnose the faults of reciprocating compressors under various operating conditions with a classification accuracy of more than 99%.
Original languageEnglish
Article number3436
Number of pages11
JournalSensors (Switzerland)
Issue number12
Publication statusPublished - 18 Jun 2020
Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of 'Object-Based Thermal Image Segmentation for Fault Diagnosis of Reciprocating compressors'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
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text:
Dr Noordin Ahmad, Ooi Wei Han, Shahrizal Ide Moslin, Helmi Kadir, Norhan Mat Yusoff, Muhammad Firdaus Mat Ghani
Every year, approximately 9,000 children in Malaysia are born with autism. Children with autism face challenges in terms of their communication skill, tendency to wander, and lack of safety awareness. The main idea of ATTracT is to develop a system that uses GNSS-enabled devices tailored to the needs of autistic children who have a propensity to wander. Parents will be provided with a system they can use on their mobile phones to track and monitor their children in real-time. The aim is to set up a defined movement zone (with virtual boundaries) that will be activated according to a daily schedule. Alerts will be sent immediately to parents' smartphones if their child crosses a virtual boundary, and ATTracT can also store corresponding movement histories. In addition to mobile devices, a real-time monitoring system will also be set up to help schools or autism rehabilitation centres track the movement of the children under their supervision at the same time. The system will thus provide parents and autism centres with an effective and reliable method of monitoring children with autism.


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Tip of the Day
Language: C++
Expertise: Beginner
Aug 14, 2000
Differences in Execution Flow
Why would a program not yield any errors, and yet not run on one system, while resulting in a perfect run (unchanged) on another system? Specifically, a switch statement was completely ignored on my system, yet functioned accurately on my professor's.
Yes, it's possible to have the same program behave differently on different machines. There could be many reasons for this. For example, if the program is implicitly linked with certain runtime libraries (or DLL's) that are not identical on both machines, the same program can exhibit different behavior when it executes on different machines.
Likewise, certain applications access environment variables that might differ from one machine to another. An example of such a variable can be "IP_ADDRESS" or even USER. Since the values of these variables can be different on each machine, the result of a conditional statement that checks their values can also differ.
Finally, the code can be run by different users, who have different privileges. These privileges can affect the program's execution flow, too. Suppose the program tries to read a file. If a user with insufficient privileges attempts to execute the program from her account, the program will not be able to open the file, while a user with sufficient privileges can execute the program and have it open that file successfully.
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text:
hi, i was wondering does anyone know anything about egyptian uses of different herbs (perfuming,incense, medicinal etc.) im curious about herbs that were popularly used in ancient egypt, and what types of herbs they had connections to, either by native growth, or by trade with other countries.
Here are some remedies that the Ancient Eyptians used with herbs:
: Used as an incense to remove demonic possession. Used as an ointment to relieve headaches, or drunk to relieve stomach aches.
: Remedy for snake bites and fevers. Also used to heal broken bones and sores after being mixed with honey.
: Mostly used for stomach upsets.
: Uses included relieving toothache and headaches.
: Drunk to banish fevers. Also was used as an insect repellent.
: Mainly used for headaches.
Plants used in perfumary:
There is apparently
a perfume called Kyphi engraved on the temple walls of Edfu and Philae.
Cinnamon, Juniper Berries, Cyperus, Cardamom, Marjoram and Lotus, were among the many ingredients in perfume making. Along with animal fat, oil and sweet wine.
I believe that many of the Ancient Egyptians herbs and spices were imported from the Mediterranean, although in the later years the Egyptians attempted to grow many foreign plants in their land.
Frankincense and Myrrh were used as incense as offerngs in rituals to the gods. These resins were imported from Central Africa via Nubia.


text:
Bauz is a Grass and Flying-type Pokémon that was introduced in Generation XNUMX.
Bauz is a rotund, owlet-like Pokémon. Its plumage is mainly light brown with a white undergarment, its tail feathers, the feathers at the base of its wings and two feathers under its face resembling a bow are colored dark green.
Bauz lives near trees or forests. It clings to their trunks and branches with its powerful claws and pounces silently on its prey from their crowns. It is a nocturnal Pokémon and only becomes really active at dusk; During the day it rests and uses photosynthesis to collect energy for the upcoming night.
As a plush figure, the cute Pokémon will surely let you sleep at night.
- Material: plush, PP cotton
- Size: 17 cm
- Age recommendation: from 4 years


, and then a list of characters
 # (float directly to character-list isn't possible yet unfortunately)
φ # Push the golden ratio constant (1.618033988749895)
 ░▒ # And convert it to a list of characters as well
 ^ # Zip the two lists together to create pairs
 ╞╞ # Remove the first two pairs (leading "1.")
m # Map over each remaining pair,
 Å # using the following 2 commands:
 ▀ # Uniquify the pair
 £ # And pop and push its length
 2= # Then get the first (0-based) index of a 2 in this list
 # (after which the entire stack is output implicitly as result)
The /░▒φ░▒^ could alternatively be /░φ░^2/ for the same byte-count, where the zip will create a single string and we split it into pairs with 2/.
Your Answer


text:
|The Simple English Wiktionary has a definition for: BlackBerry.|
BlackBerry is a line of mobile phones made by the Canadian company BlackBerry (originally known as Research In Motion, or RIM, NASDAQ:BBRY). It does many different things like a computer but is small enough to fit in someone's hand. It is a mobile phone; it makes calls without wires. It can access the Internet as well. It also has a calendar and camera, and can send text messages. The BlackBerry started out as a pager and later turned into a mobile phone. The BlackBerry has a PIN which is a eight character hexadecimal identification number which is given to every BlackBerry phone. The President of The United States Barack Obama uses and supports the BlackBerry.
References[change | change source]
Other websites[change | change source]
- BlackBerry - Official website


Take the 2-minute tour ×
Does there exist a prime 3-manifold such that its mapping class group has an abelian representation in which the 2$\pi$ rotation is represented by -1?
In detail: Let $M$ be a closed orientable prime 3-manifold. Let $D_F(M,p)$ be the group of diffeomorphisms of $M$ that fix a point $p$ of $M$ and a frame there. Define the mapping class group (MCG) of $M$ to be the zeroth homotopy group of $D_F(M,p)$. Then the $2\pi$ rotation is an element of MCG that is the equivalence class of the following diffeo, $R_{2\pi}$: Consider a coordinate ball of radius 2, $B2$, centred on $p$. $R_{2\pi}$ fixes the ball of radius 1, $B_1$, centred on $p$ and everything outside the sphere of radius 2. In between $B_1$ and $B_2$ the $R_{2\pi}$ maps $(x,y,z)\rightarrow(x\cos\theta+y\sin\theta,y\cos\theta−x\sin\theta,z)$ where $\theta$ is a function of $r=\sqrt(x^2+y^2+z^2)$ which increases smoothly and monotonically from 0 to 2$\pi$ as $r$ increases from 1 to 2. The square of the 2$\pi$ rotation is the identity in MCG. A manifold is spinorial if $\[R_{2\pi}\]$ is non-trivial in MCG.
Background motivation:
This question is interesting because of the possibility that fermions can be built on non-trivial spatial topology. $M$ is the manifold of a 3-D spatial hypersurface in spacetime. The fixed point is the point at infinity (where the metric is asymptotically flat) and fixing a frame there has the same effect on $\pi_0(D_F)$ as requiring some falloff conditions on the diffeomorphisms at infinity or requiring them to be the identity outside some ball. The configuration space of General Relativity in this asymptotically flat setting is (space of asymptotically flat metrics on $M$)/$D_F$ and its first homotopy group is isomorphic to (what I called above) MCG, see _URL_ (I know it is not the usual definition of MCG). The quantum state, on canonical quantisation of General Relativity, carries a unitary irreducible representation (UIR) of the MCG and different choices of UIR give different physics. Prime 3-manifolds are potentially candidates for elementary particles built from pure geometry: topological geons (this is speculative!). A prime 3-manifold can be the basis for a spinorial particle (i.e. spin 1/2, spin 3/2....) if $R_{2\pi}$ is nontrivial. Because particles must be able to be pair produced and annihilated, topology change must be allowed in the theory which means that the theory should be quantised in a sum-over-histories framework rather than a canonical quantisation framework. Within the sum-over-histories framework it is challenging to realise nonabelian reps of MCG. Abelian reps on the other hand are more easily accommodated by attaching phases to topologically distinct sectors of the path integral. Moreover certain rules that would result in a spin-statistics correlation for topological geons would also force the reps to be abelian, _URL_ (hence the need for abelian reps). However, if there were no spinorial primes with abelian reps this would rule out spinorial geons and therefore fermions.
share|improve this question
What do you mean by 'the' $2\pi$ rotation? – HJRW May 16 '11 at 12:21
Please edit the question statement to put in the clarifications. You're also presumably assuming that the manifold is spin, and looking at the spin mapping class group. – Dylan Thurston May 16 '11 at 13:25
1. This is not the usual definition of MCG. 2. By the belt trick, the $2\pi$ rotation squares to be the identity. 3. The $2\pi$ rotation is central. 4. I don't know what you mean when you say "abelian representation" or "represented by -1". – Sam Nead May 16 '11 at 13:28
Even with the edit, "represented by -1" is not clear. Are you asking for this element of the mapping class group to map onto the generator of an infinite cyclic group? That's how I read your question. – Ryan Budney May 16 '11 at 19:33
1 Answer 1
up vote 8 down vote accepted
Yes, there exists such a manifold $M$. This follows if there exists aspherical $M$ with $Diff(M)\simeq 0$ (contractible) and $H^2(M;\mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z})=0$. I claim there exists such manifolds. Let's see why such $M$ suffice.
There are two fibrations: $$ D_F(M,p) \to Diff(M,p) \to GL(3,\mathbb{R})$$ and $$ Diff(M,p) \to Diff(M) \to M.$$
The first comes from considering the derivative at $p$ of a diffeomorphism fixing $p$. The second comes from considering the image of $p$ under a diffeomorphism of $M$.
From the long exact sequence of homotopy for a fibration (e.g. 4.41 Hatcher), we have the exact sequence $$0=\pi_2(M) \to \pi_1(Diff(M,p)) \to \pi_1(Diff(M))=0 \to \pi_1(M)\to $$ $$\pi_0(Diff(M,p))\to \pi_0(Diff(M))=0.$$ We see that $\pi_0(Diff(M,p))=\pi_1(M)$, and $\pi_1(Diff(M,p))=0$. Similarly, $$0=\pi_1(Diff(M,p))\to \mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z}=\pi_1(GL(3,\mathbb{R})) \to \pi_0(D_F(M,p))\to \pi_0(Diff(M,p))\to 0.$$
From the second sequence, we see that $\pi_0(D_F(M,p))$ is therefore a $\mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z}$ extension of $\pi_1(M)$. These are classified by $H^2(\pi_1(M);\mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z})=H^2(M;\mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z})=0$ (since any such extension is central). Thus, it is a trivial extension, so $\pi_0(D_F(M,p))=\mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z}\times \pi_1(M)$. The $\mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z}$ factor is generated by $[R_{2\pi}]$ in your notation, so clearly the desired abelian representation exists.
Now we need to see that a closed orientable aspherical manifold $M$ with $Diff(M)\simeq 0$ and $H^2(M;\mathbb{Z}/2)=0$ exists. In fact, we may assume $M$ is a hyperbolic homology sphere. For example, take a hyperbolic knot complement with trivial isometry group. Perform Dehn filling of slope $1/k$ for $k$ large to get a closed hyperbolic manifold. This manifold will be an aspherical homology sphere and will have trivial isometry group for $k>>0$ (this follows from Thurston's Dehn surgery theorem and the Margulis lemma, since the isometries must preserve the short core geodesic of the Dehn surgery). By a result of Gabai, $Diff(M)$ will be contractible.
One can work in somewhat greater generality with hyperbolic 3-manifolds $M$ which have the property that $H^2(Aut(\pi_1(M));\mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z})=0$, since the first exact sequence implies that $\pi_0(Diff(M,p))=Aut(\pi_1(M))$. I'm not sure what happens if $H^2(Aut(\pi_1(M));\mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z})\neq 0$; I assumed it $=0$ as a convenient way to see that the group $\pi_0(D_F(M,p))$ splits.
share|improve this answer
Thank you for your answer. I'm still reading through it to try and understand it all but it looks like it's what I'm looking for. Do you mean that $\pi_0(D_F(M,p))$ (as opposed to $\pi_0(Diff(M,p))$) is a $\mathbb{Z}/2\


How far is texas from mexico
How many hours is Texas from Mexico?
Flying time from Texas to Mexico The total flight duration from Texas to Mexico is 1 hour, 44 minutes.
How far is Dallas Texas from the Mexican border?
Distance between Dallas and Mexico City is 1503 kilometers ( 934 miles ). Driving distance from Dallas to Mexico City is 1822 kilometers (1132 miles). Estimated Travel Time Between Dallas and Mexico City.
Average Speed Travel Time
60 mph (97 km/h) 18 hours 46 minutes
70 mph (112 km/h) 16 hours 15 minutes
How far is Mexico from Houston Texas?
752 miles
How far is Texas from Cancun?
1,099.05 mi
Which Texan city is closest to the Mexican border?
Is it safe to drive to Mexico from Texas?
Yes. It is safe. The roads in Mexico are excellent. Of course bad things could happen anywhere, and road rule vary.
How long is a flight from Mexico to Dallas?
Flight time from Mexico City to Dallas, TX is 2 hours 40 minutes. Non-stop flight time is around 2 hours 45 minutes. Quickest one-stop flight takes close to 5 hours. However, some airlines could take as long as 11 hours based on the stopover destination and waiting duration.
How far is Mexico from Texas by car?
Distance between Texas City and Mexico City is 1186 kilometers (737 miles). Driving distance from Texas City to Mexico City is 1658 kilometers (1030 miles).
How far is it between two locations?
You might be interested: What do things cost in mexico
How far is Mexico from Houston plane?
765 miles
How far is Dallas from Houston?
225 miles
How far away is Cancun by plane?
The shortest distance (air line) between Mexico-City and Cancun is 805.50 mi (1,296.32 km).
How far is Cancun from Dallas?
1008 miles
How longs the flight to Cancun?
around 10 hours Mexico


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Biblical Characters E-M moses_ten_commandments
Given the KEY FACT, identify the BIBLICAL CHARACTER
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He was a righteous son of Jacob and Rachel. His brothers sold him. He became a leader in Egypt.
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He was the father of Leah and Rachel.
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He was the righteous son of Isaac. He had twelve sons. Jesus changed his name to Israel.
 First letter clue
 First letter clue
 First letter clue
 First letter clue
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Mystery bird: Madagascar blue vanga, Cyanolanius madagascarinus
This striking mystery bird is unique amongst its family because it is the only one NOT endemic to Madagascar (includes audio)
Madagascar blue vanga, Cyanolanius madagascarinus (protonym, Loxia madagascarina), Linnaeus, 1766, photographed at Zombitse National Park, Atsimo-Andrefana region, Madagascar.
Image: Nick Athanas/Tropical Birding, 10 November 2010 (with permission) [velociraptorize].
Canon EOS 7D.
Question: After yesterday's mystery bird (which remains a mystery to all of us, apparently!), I've got blue plumage colour on my mind once again, so of course, I can't resist sharing this beauty with you. This Madagascan mystery bird is part of a small taxonomic family we've not seen here before. This species is unique amongst its family members. Can you tell me why? Can you identify this bird's taxonomic family and species?
Response: This is an adult male Madagascar blue vanga, Cyanolanius madagascarinus. This bird is a member of a small shrike-like family, Vangidae. Although we do know that the vangas are songbirds, we're not sure about the specifics of their relationships with other passerines, and indeed, in some cases, we're not entirely sure which birds are vangas.
In general, vangas are smallto medium-sized birds and they have strong similarities in their skull shape and bony palate structure. However, the vangas are quite variable and, having evolved from a single founding population, they are a lovely example of adaptive radiation. The vangas diversified to occupy the various niches on Madagascar that are typically occupied by other bird families in other parts of the world. For example, some vangids resemble shrikes whilst others look a lot like babblers or flycatchers. Further, some studies indicate that several Old World babbler and flycatcher species on Madagascar are actually vangas [doi:10.1006/mpev._PHONE_ & doi:10.1111/j.0014-3820.2001.tb00639.x].
Madagascar blue vangas are unique amongst their relatives (as we currently know this family) because they are the only vanga that is not a Madagascar endemic; a population is also found on the Comoro Islands. Also, unlike their relatives, which have black, brown or grey upperparts, the blue vanga is, well, blue on top. Blue vangas are also distinct from all but one of their relatives because they occasionally supplement their carnivorous diet with fruit.
The blue vanga is fairly common and widespread in woodlands on Madagascar and on the Comoros islands and Mayotte.
Embedded below is a 1 minute recording of a pair of blue vangas responding to playback, courtesy of Xeno-Canto:
(recorded on 25 November 2010 by Nick Athanas at Mananara Lodge, Anjozorobe, Madagascar [audio link]).
Oh, and speaking of relationships; I admit I am very curious to know why Linnaeus originally placed this species into the genus Loxia (the crossbills). Does anyone know what his reasoning was?
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By default, the Personalization module is configured to use a standard SQL repository to store profiles. To use a composite repository instead, you need to perform the following steps:
 1. Override the ProfileAdapterRepository component with an instance of atg.adapter.composite.MutableCompositeRepository. See Overriding the ProfileAdapterRepository Component for more information.
 Alternatively, you can create a new instance of the composite profile repository and then change /atg/userprofiling/ProfileTools and other components to point to it. This option requires more changes and it is useful only if you must keep both the standard SQL profile repository and a composite profile repository. See Creating a Separate Composite Profile Repository for more information.
 2. If necessary, change the defaultProfileType property in the ProfileTools component to point to the name of a composite view in the composite profile definition. Select the view that you want to use as the default item type if no other types are specified, for example in a query. You must perform this step if the composite repository does not contain a composite view with the same name as the current value of this property (the default value is user). Note that this change may be necessary regardless of the option you select in step 1.
 3. Change the names of any properties as required in the PropertyManager component. See Updating the PropertyManager for a Composite Repository for more information.
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10 Brilliant Ways to Use Boiling Water Around Your Home
eHow may earn compensation through affiliate links in this story.
Maybe you can't whip up a perfect soufflé, but no matter what kind of kitchen skills you do (or don't) have, you can boil water. Though it sounds too simple to be true, boiling water can help you clear your skin, improve your garden, fix your tarnished silver and even sleep better at night. Time to put on the kettle!
Image Credit: Eugenio Marongiu/Cultura/GettyImages
1. Give Yourself a Home Facial
If you've ever had a professional facial, you know that estheticians often use steam to hydrate the skin and help it absorb products. Recreate that at home with a big bowl of freshly boiled water. As the water steams, place a towel over your head and lower your face to about 12 inches above the water (or more if the steam is too hot). Relax for about 10 minutes and then apply moisturizer.
Image Credit: Cathérine/Moment/GettyImages
2. Make Microwave Cleanup Easier
It doesn't matter who made a mess of the microwave; it only matters that someone cleans it. Boiling water in the microwave creates steam that loosens anything baked onto the walls. Put a few cups of water and some lemon slices in a microwave-safe bowl and heat it on high until the water boils. This should take a few minutes depending on how much water you use. Let it cool for a few minutes and then carefully remove the bowl and wipe down the inside of the microwave.
Image Credit: AndreyPopov/iStock/GettyImages
3. Kill Yard Weeds
It's not always the most effective way to deal with problematic weeds in your yard, but it's worth trying boiling water before moving on to products laden with chemicals. The most important thing to consider when killing weeds with boiling water is how to transport the water from your kitchen to your yard without burning yourself or anyone else. It's better to make multiple trips with small amounts of water than to try carrying a heavy pot through the house.
Image Credit: cjp/E+/GettyImages
4. Clear Your Drains
Boiling water may not be enough to tackle really serious problems, but with a clogged sink drain, there's no harm in trying boiling water before buying expensive drain cleaner. Make sure there's no standing water in the sink and then slowly pour a kettle of boiling water down the sink. This may be enough to sweep away minor clogs.
Image Credit: deepblue4you/E+/GettyImages
5. Use a Hot-Water Bottle
Hot-water bottles have fallen out of fashion, which is a shame. The first time you climb into bed on a cold night and curl your feet around a soft hot-water bottle, you'll be a true believer. Hot-water bottles usually hold around 2 liters of boiling water. The best part is choosing a cozy cover for yours. There are knit and fleece options available.
Image Credit: bymandesigns/iStock/GettyImages
6. Remove Lime Scale Buildup on Kettles
You can use a kettle to boil water, but over time, lime scale builds up and creates a chalky appearance and unpleasant taste. The solution? Boil more water – but this time with either lemon juice or vinegar added. Fill the kettle halfway with water and the juice of one lemon or with a half-and-half mix of water and vinegar. Set the kettle to boil, let the kettle sit until the water is completely cooled and wipe down the inside. Boil a few more kettles of plain water to remove any lingering vinegar taste.
Image Credit: Irina Tiumentseva/iStock/GettyImages
7. Make Silver Shine
A quick dip in some boiling water is enough to bring your tarnished silverware back to life. This hack works to polish any kind of real silver items you have. Start by putting a layer of aluminum foil in the bottom of a large glass pan. Place the silver on the foil, sprinkle on some baking soda and carefully pour in enough boiling water to cover the silver. Let the water cool and buff the silver pieces with a clean rag.
Image Credit: Catherine Falls Commercial/Moment/GettyImages
8. Clean a Greasy Stove Hood Filter
Cleaning the filter in the hood over your stove is probably not on your list of weekly chores. In fact, you may have done it exactly zero times. Depending on your model, the hood's filter should slide or pop out pretty easily. Warm water won't cut through all the greasy residue that will probably be clinging to the filter, so soak the filter in boiling water with dish detergent for 20 minutes before scrubbing it clean with a brush.
Image Credit: fizkes/iStock/GettyImages
9. Cover Unpleasant Odors
You know how a bubbling pot of sauce makes the entire house smell like onions and garlic? Boiling something amplifies its odor, which can be useful if you're trying to cover some other unpleasant smell, like microwaved fish. Set a pot of boiling water on the stove with lemon slices and peels, a few whole nutmegs and a few cinnamon sticks. Let it simmer (supervised) until the water is nearly gone.
Image Credit: deepblue4you/iStock/GettyImages
10. Try Your Hand at Canning
If you've never tried canning foods before, you may want to give it a try the next time you find yourself with more fresh produce than you can eat. Canning may be easier than you might realize and doesn't require a lot of special supplies when you use the water bath method. Submerging the sealed jars in boiling water kills bacteria, forces air out of the jars and creates a vacuum seal that makes canned food shelf stable.
Image Credit: GMVozd/E+/GettyImages


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Andrew County, Missouri
|This article is a stub. Help us to expand it by contributing your knowledge. For county page guidelines, visit U.S. County Page Content Suggestions.|
Andrew is a county in Missouri. It was formed in 1841 from the following county/ies: Platte Purchase. Andrew began keeping birth records in 1883–95, marriage records in 1841, and death records in 1883–93. It began keeping land records in 1841, probate records in 1841, and court records in 1841. For more information, contact the county at Savannah 64485. On the attached map, Andrew is located at B1.
For information about the state of Missouri see Missouri Family History Research.


Secret Behind The Jewish Question Circumcision Trauma Based Mind Control
Roger Dommergue (full name Roger Dommergue Polacco de Menasce; b. 1923), is a French speaking Jewish professor, philosopher, and essayist, known for his writings concerning alternative medicine and his Holocaust scepticism.
Dommergue is a critic of contemporary claims concerning the Holocaust, Hitler, and National socialist Germany. He is especially critical of the claim that the number of Jews killed in the Holocaust was six million, as he claims that there were not even this number of Jews living in Germany or occupied Europe.
Dommergue is a critic of brit milah, claiming that infant circumcision performed on the 8th day after birth constitutes an infantile trauma and negatively affects hormone development, as Dommergue claims that the 8th day after birth is the beginning of the first puberty which lasts for 21 days thereafter. He claims that the endocrinologist Dr. Jean Gautier has given evidence of this.


Survivors of the Firestorm
Mountain Ash Fact Sheet
Mountain Ash
Common Name: Mountain Ash
Order: Myrtales
Family: Myrtaceae
Genus: Eucalyptus
Species: E. regnans
Size and Growth Rate: Mountain ash grows relatively quickly, with an average annual growth rate of 3 feet (1 meter). They are the tallest of the eucalypts, capable of reaching heights of up to 490 feet (150 meters) but generally grow to about 330 feet (100 meters). It's the world's tallest flowering plant.
Life Span: Mountain ash has an average lifespan of 400 years.
Reproduction: The primary form of reproduction occurs through dispersal of seeds. This process is often initiated during severe fires when intense heat releases seeds from their hard casings, called gumnuts. The seeds germinate on the forest floor, receiving a boost of nutrients from the ashes left behind from the fires, and flourishing in the sunlight which reaches the ground through now-bare tree branches. Mountain ash trees can also regenerate through shoots sprouting from dormant buds protected beneath the fire-insulated bark., or which are stimulated when trees suffer significant loss of top growth—though this form of regeneration happens far less frequently.
Appearance: The base of the tree is quite rough but, as the tree grows, this rough bark sheds large ribbons, leaving the highest part of the tree with a smoother exterior. The lowest branches are nearly 100 feet from its base. The mountain ash leaf varies in shape; clusters of white flowers blossom during Australia's summer and autumn months, January to March.
Habitat: The mountain ash grows in deep soil in the cool, mostly mountainous areas of Victoria and Tasmania on the Australian continent. These regions are located at an approximate altitude of 3,300 feet (1,000 meters) with an average annual rainfall of 47 inches (1200 millimeters).
Conservation Status: The species is not considered to be at risk of extinction.
Additional Facts:
 - Mountain ash is a common name given to other unrelated species of trees, such as the Fraxinus texensis in Texas, the Sorbus in North America, and the Sorbus aucuparia, found mostly in Ireland and Britain.
 - In addition to mountain ash, the species has also been referred to as Victorian ash, swamp gum, Tasmanian oak and stringy gum.
 - The Australian mountain ash is the tallest flowering plant, and the tallest of the eucalypts.
 - Only California coastal redwoods are taller, though their heights are comparable.
 - The species is an evergreen, maintaining its leaves year-round.
 - Mountain ash is part of a diverse group of plants known as Angiosperms, or flowering plants, classified for their seed, flower, and fruit production.
 - Its leaves produce volatile, highly combustible oils.
 - Mountain ash produces excellent hardwood timber prized by the lumber industry for building and paper products, and also provides essential habitat for a wide variety of birds and mammals, including the endangered Leadbeater's possum.


Calendar for mobile web browsers
You can use Google Calendar on almost any smartphone without downloading an app. Just go to in your mobile web browser. But if you have an Android phone or iPhone, it's simpler to sync with an app instead.
Get started
 1. Open the web browser on your phone or tablet (the same app you use to visit other websites).
 2. Go to
 3. Sign in to your Google Account.
View your calendar
View your day or month
Touch Day or Month at the top to switch between Day and Month view. Use the left and right arrows to go to other months and days. While in Month view, touch a day to see a list of the day's events.
You can always touch Today at the top to jump back to the current date.
View events while offline
If you recently viewed an event in Google Calendar on a mobile browser, you'll still be able to see your event when you don't have access to an Internet connection. You'll only be able to view events, not add or edit them.
Data stored on your device
When you access Google Calendar on your mobile browser, data may be stored on your device for improved performance. You may be able to access and clear this information in your browser's settings. For example, you can clear data for individual websites with Chrome for Android using these directions. Visit the help center for your browser to learn how to clear website data stored on your device.
Create & edit events
Add a new event
 1. Go to in your mobile web browser.
 2. In the top right corner, touch the plus icon +.
 3. Type in a title and choose the date and time.
 4. You can invite someone to your event by typing the person's email address under "Add a person to this meeting." They'll receive an invitation email.
 5. When you're done, touch Save at the top.
Note: You may not be able to add events if your web browser isn't supported. You can try downloading another popular web browser.
Edit and delete events
 1. Go to in your mobile web browser.
 2. Open the event you want to edit by going to the day, then touching the event.
 3. To edit the event, touch Edit in the top right. Make changes and touch Save.
 4. To delete the event, touch Delete in the top right.
Hide or show individual calendars
If you have multiple calendars in your account, you can choose whether to hide or show each calendar. When you hide a calendar, the events on that calendar won't show up when you view your schedule.
 1. Go to in your mobile web browser.
 2. Touch Settings at the bottom.
 4. Touch Save in the top right.
The mobile browser version of Google Calendar doesn't support notifications. However, if you'd like to get notifications on your phone, you can sync with an app instead. Learn more about syncing with mobile.
If you get an "Invalid certificate" or "Could not verify domain" error, or are generally experiencing problems accessing Google Calendar, your mobile browser may not be supported. Here are a few things you can try:
 - Download a different browser on your phone.
 - Make sure cookies are turned on for your browser. Look in the settings of your mobile browser.
 - Instead of using a mobile browser, sync with a mobile app.
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text:
Director: Dr. Rupy Sawhney
The laboratory has the ability to create alternative physical simulations of manufacturing and supply chain systems. This allows one to model and analyze the complex interactions among the operational variables and as they impact the system KPI's with an objective of developing Smart Manufacturing Systems.
As part of the Smart Manufacturing Systems concept the laboratory also has the ability to represent this physical system by four information categories.
- Complete real time data
- Partial real time data
- Time based off line data
- Computer/simulation based representation of the physical system
This allows the laboratory to experiment with and design management systems that align with the unique product demand and production attributes characterized in the physical system. This ability allows one to understand the value of information under different production systems and business conditions.


TY - JOUR T1 - Mollugo verticillata, in België een obligate spoorwegadventief JF - Dumortiera Y1 - 2004 A1 - Filip Verloove AB - Mollugo verticillata as an alien of railway yards in Belgium. Mollugo verticillata L. (Molluginaceae), a South American alien, has been found several times in the past five years in Belgium, often in abundance and always confined to railway yards. The species history in Belgium is reviewed and its status outside the area of origin is discussed. VL - 82 ER -


text:
- For Teachers
The resulting number is your Gunning Fog Index.
The Gunning Fog Index gives the number of years of education that your reader hypothetically needs to understand the paragraph or text. The Gunning Fog Index formula implies that short sentences written in plain English achieve a better score than long sentences written in complicated language.
For reference, the New York Times has an average Fog Index of 11-12, Time magazine about 11. Typically, technical documentation has a Fog Index between 10 and 15, and professional prose almost never exceeds 18.


Rootstrap Blog
Category: Ruby on Rails
Total 9 Posts
Feature Updates in Rails 6: Multiple Databases & State Management
Rails 6.0 recently shared its amazing enhancements although most would consider these as feature upgrades. In my opinion, both are correct, as the actual state of multiple databases before rails 6.0 was not even considered it a completed feature. So, let's dive into Rails < 6 state! Rails 6 introduced
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Link Tracking with StimulusReflex
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Exception Tracking
If we want to write better and higher quality software, it is important we keep track of exceptions, crashes and errors happening in our environment, so we can deal with them. We, at Rootstrap, have created this OS exception tracking tool in order to ease the task of monitoring errors.
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How to Improve Maintainability in Rails Applications Using Patterns. Part I
Introduction Software is constantly evolving, both in specification and implementation. Keeping an extensible and maintainable codebase is therefore crucial in order to deal with these changes quickly and easily. Ruby on Rails comes with a lot of good techniques and patterns out of the box that facilitate this. Nevertheless, some
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Ruby doesn't scale
Why you should stop blaming a programming language for your low quality work.
I've heard too many times that Ruby on Rails (also called RoR) doesn't scale. Guess what? Java doesn't scale,.NET doesn't scale, PHP doesn't scale, and Node.js doesn't scale. No programming language scales if you build terrible software with it.
In this article, I focus on Ruby, but the information is valid for almost any programming language. If you typically benchmark Ruby against other languages like Python or C++, it's probably slower in most contexts.
The real question is not how long it takes or how many resources it consumes to run some algorithms like regex redux, binary tree searches, or reading DNA sequences.
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text:
||The NPS completed an environmental assessment (EA) that provides an analysis of the environmental consequences of the alternatives considered for the rehabilitation of Arlington House, Outbuildings, and Grounds. The NPS has selected Alternative B for implementation and Finding of No Significant Impact has been signed.
At Arlington House, the Robert E. Lee Memorial, the National Park Service (NPS) will rehabilitate Arlington House (Mansion), Outbuildings (North and South Slave Quarters), and the historic Grounds (Kitchen Garden and Work Yard) in a manner that protects and maintains the cultural resources and values for which the Robert E. Lee Memorial was established. Furthermore, this will benefit the visiting public by providing a safe environment where NPS can interpret the history and significance of the site through a more accurate representation of circa 1861 historic conditions.
This action is needed because: previous reconstructions of the North and South Slave Quarters are now known to be inaccurate; there is no fire suppression system to safeguard historic buildings and the museum collections housed within those structures; the current mechanical system is not capable of maintaining a suitable climate to preserve the historic buildings and collections; the 1921 Comfort Station is a non-contributing structure in the historic Kitchen Garden; the 1861 Work Yard and Kitchen Garden were previously interpreted and recreated inappropriately; and the foundations of Arlington House have deteriorated due to drainage and humidity problems.


Che Guevara Net Worth
How much is Che Guevara Worth?
in Richest CelebritiesAuthors
Che Guevara Net Worth:
$50 Thousand
Che Guevara Net Worth: Che Guevara was an Argentine revolutionary, physician, author, diplomat, and military theorist who had a net worth of $50 thousand. Ernesto Guevara was born in Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina in June 1928. Guevara played a major part in the Cuban Revolution. His image is often used as a counterculture symbol of rebellion in popular culture. Che traveled throughout South America as a medical student. What he saw led him to get involved in Guatemala's social reforms. In Mexico City Guevara met Raul and Fidel Castro and joined their 26th of July Movement. He played a crucial role in a two year guerilla campaign to overthrow Cuban dictator Fulgencio Batista. He served in the new Cuban government. He worked as minister of industries, helped head a literacy campaign, served as national bank president for Cuba's armed forces, trained militia forces, and brought Soviet nuclear-armed ballistic missiles to Cuba. As a writer Che composed a seminal manual on guerrilla warfare and a best-selling memoir. He left Cuba in 1965 and tried to lead revolutions in Congo-Kinshasa and Bolivia. He was named by Time magazine as one of the 100 most influential people of the 20th century. The Maryland Institute College of Art named a photo of Che titled Guerrillero Heroico the "most famous photograph in the world". Che married Aleida March in 1959 and was previously married to Hilda Gadea. He had five children. Guevara was captured by CIA assisted Bolivian forces and summarily executed on October 9, 1967 at the age of 39. In 2008, his life and work as a revolutionary was turned into a two-part film from director Steven Soderbergh, starring Benicio del Toro as Guevara. The first part, The Argentine, details his involvement with the Cuban revolution and Fidel Castro, while the second part, entitled Guerilla, deals with his time as guerilla fighter in Bolivia.
Che Guevara Net Worth
Che Guevara
Net Worth:$50 Thousand
Date of Birth:Jun 14, 1928 - Oct 9, 1967 (39 years old)
Height:5 ft 11 in (1.82 m)
Profession:Politician, Physician, Diplomat, Author, Revolutionary
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Girl opens fire in high school Idaho
A student of a high school in the U.S. state of Idaho has opened fire on fellow students. Two kids and a janitor were injured before a teacher could disarm the girl.
The shooter, who would be around 12 years old, had taken the firearm in her backpack. At the beginning of the class day, she started shooting. Its not yet known what her motive is.
We were in class with our teacher and suddenly we heard a loud bang, and then twice more. Then there was screaming, says a schoolmate. Our teacher went to look and saw blood lying down.
Hit in limbs
The three victims were hit in limbs. None of them are in mortal danger. The 1500 students of high school have been given free to deal with the incident.
Shootings are more common in American schools, but in the state of Idaho they are rare: the last time a student fired a weapon in a school was in 1999, when one fellow student was injured by a ricochet bullet.


Arc Gun
Designed for close assault, both arc guns and flamers are accurate weapons at short ranges. A more finesse choice for killing.
Harnessing the power of electricity makes for a range of
effective weapons. Some shock weapons are designed to stun
a single target, while others can hit multiple foes spread over
an area or generate arcs that jump between multiple targets
in a lightning-linked chain. Many shock weapons can be easily
identified by their electricity-generating coils, glass insulators,
or carbon-fiber shielding meant to protect the wielder.


Quick Answer: How Much Does It Cost To Install A Beam?
What happens if you remove a load bearing wall?
Removing a load bearing wall may create structural problems in a home, including sagging ceilings, unleveled floors, drywall cracks and sticking doors.
Removal of load bearing walls without properly supporting the load they're carrying may occasionally result in a structural collapse and even injury..
How much does it cost to put a support beam in a house?
A load-bearing support beam costs $5 to $20 per foot on average, or between $50 and $200 per foot installed. Support beam materials other than steel include engineered beams like LVL or Glulam, wood, and concrete. LVL beams cost $3 to $12 per foot, while wood beams run $5 to $20.
How do you size a load bearing beam?
Multiply the loading per square foot by the area in square feet of the surface which the beams will be supporting. Divide by the number of beams which will be installed to get the loading per beam.
How long can a support beam be?
Measure your total span between members and ensure that it is not greater than 60 feet. Because of transport limitations, the maximum standard length for manufactured beams is sixty feet.
How much does it cost for a load bearing beam?
Load-Bearing Support Beam Cost A load-bearing support beam costs between $3 and $35 per linear foot, with most homeowners spending $10 to $15 per linear foot. A laminated veneer lumber (LVL) beam costs $60 to $300 on average without installation.
Are ceiling beams expensive?
If you're building from scratch and want real beams, expect to pay an additional 10 to 15 percent more for your home. Real beams cost more than standard framing lumber, and because they're heavy and unwieldy, labor costs to install them are also higher.
What size beam do I need to span 30 feet?
Re: I-beam size 30′ span I would design this with the beam in the 24′ dimension. Most span tables will allow much more than 15′ for 2″ x 12″ joists of almost any species commonly used for construction. A 24′ beam can probably be a GluLam using standard joist hangers for the joists.
Should ceiling beams match floor?
If you have hardwood floors in your living room, it may be tempting to match your ceiling beams with them. … Matching the colors of your ceiling beams with the floor can help unify the visual impact of a space, but it might also create a flat, monotone effect in some cases as well.
How much does it cost to install a wood beam?
The national average materials cost to install decorative beams is $7.49 per linear foot, with a range between $6.72 to $8.26….Install Decorative Beams national average cost.cost to install decorative beamsNational Avg. Cost (materials & labor) for 100 linear foot$1,812.872 more rows
How much does it cost to remove a load bearing wall and install a beam?
How long can a beam span without support?
A 2×8 up to 12 feet; 2×10 to 15 feet and 2×12 to 18 feet. The larger the deck, the larger the joists.
What is the difference between an H beam and an I beam?
I Beams – unsurprisingly, I beams are shaped like the letter 'I'. However, contrary to steel H beams, I beams consist of two horizontal plates (otherwise known as flanges), connected by a vertical component (the web). I beams also have tapered edges and a slightly higher cross-section, compared to the flange width.
How big of a beam do I need to span 20 feet?
How far can you span a triple 2×12 beam?
Joist SpansSouthern Pine3-2X1012′-9″3-2X1215′-0″Douglas Fir-Larch, Hem-Fir, Spruce-Pine-Fir, Redwood, Cedars, Ponderosa Pine, Red Pine3X6 OR 2-2X65′-2″3X8 OR 2-2X86′-7″17 more rows
Do ceiling beams make a room look smaller?
The Long and Short of It. Beams running the length of the room make a short room seem longer. In a small house, or just as an afterthought of a bedroom or guest room, install beams parallel to the longest walls to emphasize the stretch of space.
Are ceiling beams in style?


text:
Effective theories for multilayered plates (Ph.D. thesis)
We derive by $Γ$-convergence a family of effective plate theories for multilayered materials with internal misfit for scaling laws ranging from Kirchhoff's theory to linearised von Kármán. The main addition is the central role played by an intermediate von Kármán-like theory, where a new parameter interpolates between the adjacent regimes. We also prove the $Γ$-convergence of this limiting regime to the other two as well as the relevant compactness results and we characterise some minimising configurations for the scalings considered. Finally, we numerically investigate the interpolating regime employing the open source toolkit FEniCS to implement a discrete gradient flow. This provides empirical evidence for the existence of a critical value of the parameter around which minimisers are of different nature. We show $Γ$-convergence of the discretisation and compactness as the mesh size goes to zero.


text:
Federation of International Mouse Resources
The APF is a founding member of Federation of International Mouse Resources (FIMRe). Through this membership we can provide Australian researchers with access to murine strains worldwide.
The goals of FIMRe are to coordinate repositories and resource centers to:
- archive valuable genetically defined mice and ES cell lines being created worldwide,
- meet research demand for these genetically defined mice and ES cell lines,
- establish consistent, highest quality animal health standards in all resource centers,
- provide genetic verification and quality control for genetic background and mutations,
- provide resource training to enhance user ability to utilize cryopreserved resources.
An article describing FIMRe was published in Mammalian Genetics last April. It can be obtained here.
The web site is still under development and will provide more information in the future.


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Problems of translating modern Scottish literature into French, with special reference to 'The crow road' by Iain Banks
This thesis, which is written in French, examines the problems of translating modem Scottish literature into French. To illustrate them, a case study on The Crow Road by lain Banks will be undertaken. A short introduction first establishes the content of the thesis, its different parts and the strategy that we have adopted to tackle our main problem. This is identified as the cultural "otherness" of Scottish writing, which has been to a greater or lesser degree occulted in French translations of Scottish Literature. Chapter I looks at theoretical aspects of translation from a thematic point of view ranging from a philosophical approach, through a linguistic one to various cultural approaches, with specific reference to Eugene Nida and Lawrence Venuti. Chapter II examines Scotland as a nation and as a country with important linguistic and cultural differences from its southern neighbour. We will see how important this separation is in literature and how some theorists have dealt in particular with the problem of translating the vernacular. Chapter III is devoted to the analysis of the French translations of four Scottish authors, James Kelman, William McIlvanney, Irvine Welsh and lain Banks. It examines passages from the texts but also emphasises the strategies adopted by the translators. Chapters IV and V focus on respectively on lain Banks and The Crow Road in order to provide thorough social and cultural contextualisation before considering ways of translating the novel. Chapter VI considers a number of potential strategies for translating sections of The Crow Road: a 'domesticated' one, a Nabokov style, the use of a French dialect and finally one using Venuti's concepts. The conclusion suggests that translators are free to choose between competing strategies, or even to mix them, but that what is crucial is to have a thorough knowledge of the source culture, and a conscious and apparent strategy, before approaching works as culturally laden as contemporary Scottish novels. The Translator may have to have the courage to offend against existing French translation norms if translation is to be truly trans cui tural.


The (Non)Uniqueness of Environmental Law
61 Pages Posted: 22 Apr 2005
See all articles by Jay Wexler
Jay Wexler
Boston University School of Law
In everyday discourse, the label "environmental law" signifies a distinct and unique area of the law. The uniqueness of environmental law stems most obviously from the subject matter of environmental legislation and regulation. But does environmental law also differ from other areas of law with respect to how judges ought to approach deciding cases? Should judges act differently somehow when they are deciding an environmental law case as opposed to, for example, a labor law or banking law case? At least one influential scholar - Richard Lazarus of the Georgetown University Law Center - has argued that the distinctive features of ecological injury justify treating environmental cases differently from other types of cases. This Article critically examines this claim, by identifying and evaluating seven potential paradigms that federal courts could use to relate environmental law to other areas of law, particularly administrative law, when deciding environmental law cases. In sum, the Article argues that when relevant under the appropriate legal standards, courts should consider the distinctive features of ecological injury when applying facts to law, and in some situations they should draw on their knowledge of those distinctive features when fashioning rules of general application. They should not, however, reach pro-environment decisions in a non-principled manner, automatically vote to protect the environment whenever the relevant legal materials prove substantially indeterminate, or otherwise act as though protection of the environment is an inherent aspect of the judicial role. Nor should they fashion completely distinct rules to govern environmental law cases or alter generally applicable rules to apply differently in environmental law cases. The point of the Article is not to suggest that environmental law should not exist as a separate legal category, but rather to suggest that generally judges need not approach environmental law cases differently from how they approach other types of cases.
Keywords: Administrative Law, Environmental Law, Judging, Judicial Role, Judicial Decision-Making
JEL Classification: Q50, Q58, Q59
Suggested Citation
Wexler, Jay, The (Non)Uniqueness of Environmental Law. Available at SSRN:
Jay Wexler (Contact Author)
Boston University School of Law ( email )
765 Commonwealth Avenue
Boston, MA 02215
United States
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When Will You Need This?
When there is both and Inbound and outbound inspection of tractor trailers, and to tie into other port simulation model objects.
Truck In and Out Gate model image
Model Object
The following model object can be found in the model objects directory: Flow Control \ Truck In and Out Gate.
Ease of Use: Moderate
Ease of Modification: Moderate
How to Use the Model Object
1. Open Your Model
Open your model or create a new blank model.
2. Insert the Model Object into Your Model
1. Locate the model object Truck In and Out Gate and select the insert button.
3. Connect to Your Model
1. Connect an arrival route or a percentage route from the part of your model where you would like the entities to enter the Stagging.
connect to Truck In and Out Gate
2. Connect exit routes from Inspection Station #, or Enter Facility to the rest of your model.
from Truck In and Out Gate to the rest of your model
3. Connect a percentage route from your model to Outbound Staging.
from yourmodel to Truck In and Out Gate
Change the time defined on exit route(s) from staging to Inspection Queue(s).
4. Define Values
1. Define the values for scenario parameters s_Security_Level, s_Mix, s_Station_Queue_Size, s_Level#_Type#, s_TEU, s_Destination based on the information provided under the heading Scenario Parameters below. The values for these Scenario Parameters must be provided before the simulation start.
define scenarios in Truck In and Out Gate
5. Completion
Attributes, Variables, Scenario Parameters and Scenarios Usage
1. a_Inspection_Time: Do not change. The inspection time each entity (Truck) will take.
2. a_Type: Do not change. Used to carry the descriptive values for Type1, Type2, & Type3.
3. a_Dir_Number: Do not change. Used to tell entities to which inspection lane they will go.
1. v_Sta_Open#: User input required. The number of inbound inspection stations that are at each hour of the day.
2. v_CntSt#: Do not change. WIP in Line #.
3. v_IQS: Do not change. Size of the queue in front of each inspection station. This is set by the scenario parameter s_Station_Queue_Size.
Scenario Parameters:
1. s_Security_Level: User input required. The level of security the Type1, Type2, or Type3 is working in.
2. s_Mix: User input required. Is used create a mix (distribution) of what type of entities (Type3, Type2s, Type1s, etc) arrive at the inspection queue. Type can be used for a variety of reasons. For example: Type1 could be a semi without intermodal container; Type 2 could be a semi with an intermodal and Type 3 could be a bulk load inspection time. The three different levels shown below would be a change in inspection time based on the level of security for all three type of loads.
3. s_Station_Queue_Size: User input required. How large the queue may allowed to be in front of the inspection station.
4. s_Level#_Type#: User input required. Time required by level # Type# to pass the inspection.
5. s_TEU: User input required. Twenty foot equivalent unit. Used to tell how many TEU are in each load.
6. s_Destination: User input required. A numeric destination code. Set up a conversion table in spreadsheet which provides the meaning for each numeric entry.


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Belonging to the Lychnis genus, Jerusalem cross has a botanical name of Lychnis chalcedonica.
Lychnis chalcedonica is a popular ornamental plant.It is a flower that typically grows as a perennial, which is defined as a plant that matures and completes its lifecycle over the course of three years or more. Jerusalem cross is known for growing to a height of approximately 1.00 metres (3.25 feet).
Due to how easy it is to grow in a variety of conditions, Jerusalem cross is great for beginner gardeners and those that like low maintainance gardens.
This plant info is provided by the myfolia gardener's wiki. All details about Jerusalem cross have been kindly provided by our members.
These plants have been known to grow well alongside Jerusalem cross so consider planting:
These plants will not grow well with Jerusalem cross so avoid planting these within close proximity:
These problems, diseases and pests are known to affect Jerusalem cross plants:


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Broad Bandwidth Surface Acoustic Wave Filter Apparatus with Staggered Tuning.
DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE WASHINGTON DC
Pagination or Media Count:
This application describes a broad bandwidth surface acoustic wave filter utilizing two broadband surface acoustic wave transducer pairs which individually comprise a single input and output. One pair of broadband surface acoustic wave SAW transducers is offset in frequency from a second pair of broadband SAW transducers. Each transducers is tuned with a single series inductor, and then both channels are connected electrically in parallel. The low frequency pair of transducers is tuned for maximum response below their synchronous frequency, and the high frequency pair of transducers is tuned for maximum response above their synchronous frequency. Author
- Line, Surface and Bulk Acoustic Wave Devices


By Topic
Compensating for the Initialization and Sampling of EWMA Run-to-Run Controlled Processes
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3 Author(s)
Good, R.P. ; GLOBALFOUNDRIES, Austin, TX, USA ; Pabst, D. ; Stirton, J.B.
The exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) filter is commonly used for state estimation of run-to-run controllers in semiconductor manufacturing. It is widely known that, when at steady state, the EWMA filter provides the minimum mean square error (MSE) forecast for an integrated moving average (IMA) process. The forecast, however, is optimal if and only if every output of the IMA process is measured. If an EWMA controller is implemented utilizing sampled process data, then it is necessary to retune the controller to maintain optimal performance. Furthermore, in practice, the complex interacting selection criteria of advanced sampling applications often cause measurement frequency to be highly irregular. In this paper, a sampling compensation algorithm (SCA) is derived based on the minimum-norm IMA (MNIMA) forecast. The algorithm provides the minimum mean-square-error (MMSE) forecast of an IMA process for irregularly sampled processes and is robust to initialization.
Published in:
Semiconductor Manufacturing, IEEE Transactions on (Volume:23, Issue: 2 )


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Codes of Conduct Salle Kiss Fencing Club
Junior Code of Conduct
As a junior member of the club you are expected to abide by the following code of conduct:
- You must play within the rules and respect officials and their decisions.
- You must respect the rights, dignity and worth of all participants regardless of gender, ability, cultural background or religion.
- You should keep to agreed timings for training and competitions and inform your coach or team manager if you are going to be late.
- You must wear suitable kit that conforms to the appropriate safety standards for training and tournaments as defined by British Fencing, and announced by your coach/team manager.
- You must pay any fees for training or events promptly.
- You are not allowed to smoke anywhere in or around the venue or whilst fencing at competitions.
- You are not allowed to consume alcohol or drugs of any kind in or around the venue or whilst fencing at competitions.
Parents and Carers
As a parent or carer of a junior member of Salle Kiss you are expected to abide by the following code of conduct:
- Encourage your child to learn the rules and play within them.
- Discourage unfair play and arguing with officials.
- Help your child to recognise good performance, not just results.
- Never force your child to take part in sport.
- Set a good example by recognising fair play and applauding the good performances of all.
Coaches, Officials and Volunteers
The essence of good ethical conduct and practice is summarised below. All coaches, club officials and volunteers at Salle Kiss Fencing Club must:
- Consider the well-being and safety of participants before the development of performance.
- Develop an appropriate working relationship with participants based on mutual trust and respect.
- Make sure that all activities are appropriate to the age, ability and experience of those taking part.
- Promote the positive aspects of sport (e.g. fair play).
- Display consistently high standards of behaviour and appearance.
- Follow all the guidelines laid down by the British Fencing Association, England Fencing, British Fencing North West and Salle Kiss Fencing Club
- Hold the appropriate, valid qualifications and insurance cover.
- Never exert undue influence over performers to obtain personal benefit or reward.
- Never condone rule violations, rough play or the use of prohibited substances.
- Encourage participants to value their performances and not just results.
- Encourage and guide participants to accept responsibility for their own performance and behaviour.
- Never punish or belittle a child for losing or making mistakes.
- Publicly accept officials' judgements.
- Support your child's involvement and help them to enjoy their sport.
- Use correct and proper language at all times.
- Encourage and guide performers to accept responsibility for their own performance and behaviour.


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PROJECT TITLE :
TCAD-Based Simulation Method for the Electrolyte–Insulator–Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor
A simulation method for the electrolyte–insulator–semiconductor field-effect transistor (EISFET)-type sensor is proposed based on a well-established commercialized semiconductor 3-D technology computer-aided design simulator. The proposed method relies on the fact that an electrolyte can be described using a modified intrinsic semiconductor material because of the similarity between the electrolyte and the intrinsic semiconductor. The electrical double layer of the electrolyte is characterized in the simulation using the Gouy–Chapman–Stern model. Using the proposed simulation method, we extract the Debye lengths depending on phosphate buffered saline solutions with various concentrations and demonstrate that it is possible to simulate the screening effect. Furthermore, we investigate the responses of the EISFET-type silicon nanowire pH sensor based on our simulation method, which shows good agreement with the reported Nernst limit value.
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text:
Horizontal gradients in the wet path delay derived from four years of microwave radiometer data
Journal article, 2000
We have analyzed four years of inferred wet path delay data from a microwave radiometer operating at 21.0 and 31.4 GHz. We have applied a four parameter gradient model to the wet delays, using different lengths of the time series for the gradient estimation. The mean gradient, averaged over 15 to 1440 minutes, varies between 0.9 and 0.4 mm End has a preferred direction towards the north-east. Increasing the averaging time causes the estimated gradient to decrease. The 15 minutes mean gradient is 1.3 mm for the summer months and 0.7 mm for the winter months. Structure function results are also presented.


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There are two types of repeating tasks.
These tasks repeat every time, whether you complete them or not.
For example, Bob wants to be reminded to pay the rent (on his waterfront apartment, which costs far too much, but the view is great!). So, he adds a task and sets it to repeat 'Every Week'.
Examples of ways you can repeat 'Every' are:
|Every Monday and Wednesday|
|Every 2 weeks|
|Every 6 months|
|Every month on the 4th|
|Every month on the 3rd Tuesday|
|Every month on the last Monday|
|Every month on the 2nd last Friday|
|Every week until 1/1/2007|
|Every week for 20 times|
These tasks only repeat after you've completed them. For example, you might enter a task to 'Clean the fridge'. After you've completed that task, you might want to be reminded 'After 3 months' that it's time to clean the fridge again.
Examples of ways you can repeat 'After' are:
|After 5 days|
|After a week|
|After 6 months|
|After a year|
Task properties behave a bit differently between tasks set to repeat 'Every...' and those set to repeat 'After...'.
Tasks that repeat 'Every' create a task series: task properties and notes are common across all instances of the task.
Tasks that repeat 'After' work a bit differently: these do not create a task series, but rather create a new, independent task each time a task is generated. Task properties are copied from the previous instance. Each 'after' task has its own properties and notes, and isn't tied to other tasks. Additionally, notes are not copied from previous instances.
Still need help? Contact a human


text:
Bonaventura, Luigi and Caserta, Maurizio (2004): An adaptive evolutionary behaviour for the demand-led growth adjustment.
Download (294kB) | Preview
Investment activity produces effects on two different economic variables. On the one hand, it adds to the existing productive capacity, on the other, it represents a component of demand. What is required for demand may not be required for accumulation, and viceversa. As a consequence different adjustment mechanisms have been put forward in the economic literature to make the two aspects of investment compatible to each other. In all cases, a distinction has been made between the fundamentally macroeconomic nature of the demand aspect, and the fundamentally microeconomic nature of the capacity-augmenting aspect. This paper tries to discuss the foundations of a non-perverse adjustment mechanism based on the internalisation of the demand aspect of investment. The adjustment mechanism discussed earlier is based on investment reacting to positive or negative excess aggregate demand. Once it is shown that a collectively efficient equilibrium can be reached even on an entirely arbitrary basis, one may set out to show that a behaviour which gets selected in a small population can be easily extended to a large one.


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In this post, we look at the functions of the kinship system in Nigeria culture. Kinship is a social relationship that defines who we are and where we are from. Kinship, being a cultural artifact can actually shape the way people do things, the way peoeple think, the way people believe things. In fact, I believe, since it is something created by man in reference to one's culture and history, is more or less, cultural heritage of a people.
Functions Of Kinship System In Nigeria Culture:
So many functions have been seen carried out within the kinship system in Nigeria. Since kinship is owned by almost every society, some of its functions, as I will be discussing in this article will seems familiar, while others will not, nonetheless, we are going to look at quite a number of the functions of kinship system in Nigeria in this article, and here are there;
* Kinship Defines Acceptable Role Of Engagement:
In every society, there is acceptable role of engagement, and such role of engagement is made possible by kinship. Besides this however, there is also role of relationship between and among members of a family. You look at the parents – children relationship, relationship between father and son, relationship between father and daughter, relationship between mother and daughter, relationship between mother and son, and so on and so forth. So it is kinship that bring about proper way of relating with one another within a family. Apart from defining proper role relationship within a family, kinship also guides or provides guidelines for persons to interact among themselves and/or between themselves.
* Kinship Determines Relationship Lines:
Relationship line in every family, I think is necessary, and this is the function of kinship system in Nigeria, where family line relationship is determined accordingly. In a family, a relationship could be a distance one or a close relationship, depending on the family in question. Therefore, the kinship system in Nigeria can work in a way that can determined what relationship family relationship lines are.
* Kinship Decides Who To And Who Not To Marry:
This is another function of kinship system in Nigeria, it draws a path and guide you on how to go through the path. For instance, it is the kinship that will determine who you should marry and who you should not marry, where to marry and where you should not marry. Once there is order that you cannot marry there, and that, relationship there, maritally is taboo, you have no choice. So it is the kinship system that decides.
* Kinship Influences Religious Practices:
Kinship in a sense, do influenced people's religious practices. What is expected from every member of a religious sect for example, is defined by kinship system, including the determination of the rights of the people, and obligations of these people, who belonged to, or indulged in religious practices and that of sacraments, which actually begins from the point, where someone is born and through a point where this person is deat
* Kinship Maintains Relationships:
Another function of the kinship system in Nigeria is to ensure that there is maintenance of solidarity of relationships. Such solidarity of relationship is mostly enjoyed among members of the family, the father, the mother, children and any other member of the family
* Determines Obligations And The Rights Of Family:
Kinship system in Nigeria also determined the obligations, the rights of the family. This is can be seen in tribal and rural societies. Kinship relation also determined the obligations and the rights of political power, the rights of marriage, as well as determined the obligations and the rights of system production, and this happened within a family.
* Kinship Regulates Beheviour Of Kin:
Kinship system in Nigeria functions in a number of ways, particularly, in tribal societies, when used in different ways. One of the functions of the kin system, when used in different ways is that, it will regulatates behaviours of different kin. So through the many usages of the kinship, there is that possibility of regulating the behaviour of every kin.
* Kinship Helps In Designating Kin Of Various Types:
Kinship is known for helping in the process of classification of different types of kin_and this happened as the result of some terms within the kinship system, and through such terms, the designation and the description of different types of kin is made possible.
* Kinship Creates Groupings Of Kin:
Another function of the kinship system in Nigeria is that, by the virtue of different ways of using kinship, groupings of kin can be created. Therefore, the creation of special groupings of kin happened through the usage of kinship.
* Kinship Governs Role Relationship:
In kinship, there are some rules, and these kinship rules have a way of affecting or mpacting on the role of relationships within the family. Among various kins, there would be this rule of kinship that will governs the relationship role, as related to the family.
* Kinship Regulates Social Life:
There are so many functions of the kinship system in Nigeria, and one of such functions is that of acting as the social life regulator. Social life is regulated in almost every society, and what made it possible for social life regulations is kinship system.
* Kinship Influences Production System:
System of production can be influenced through kinship system. Apart from influencing production system, kinship system goes as far as influencing other aspects of kinship within the family, such aspects of kinship include, land ownership within the family, as well as the concept of wealth and their various usages.
Kinship has several importance in a social structure. Kinship decides who you can marry and who you cannot marry, possibly, where marital relationships are taboo. It also determines rights and obligations of every member in every religious practices within the society from when someone is born and up to the point he is dead. The important of kinship system in Nigeria cannot be underestimated, and the important of kinship system can be seen within the family functions and at the event of marriage. It is also good to note the kinship system haa a way of determining family line.
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Hair highlighting/lowlighting refers to changing a person's hair color, using lightener or haircolor to color hair strands. There are four basic types of highlights: foil highlights, hair painting, frosting, and chunking. Highlights can be done in natural or unnatural colors. Color highlights come in four categories: temporary, semi-permanent, demi-permanent, and permanent. Hair lightened with bleach is permanent.
Basic foil highlighting
Foil highlighting is the process of using foil to separate strands of hair which will be lightened from strands of hair which will remain its natural color. The process is done by applying lightener to the hair that has been woven and separated using an applicator brush. The foil is then folded to protect the hair and surrounding area during the "processing" time. This is the amount of time required to achieve the desired results. In highlighting hair, hydrogen peroxide mixed with pigment is used to change the color of the strand. This process is also used in applying "lowlights" to the hair. In this process, hair dyes are used to create strands of hair that are darker than the natural color.
Hair painting is a method of highlighting hair that may be done at home. Hair painting methods are often permanent and employ a simple hair-painting brush. Hair painting is also used with temporary and semi-permanent types of brushes. While brushes are commonly used in hair painting, one may also use combs to paint or highlight thin-sized strands of hair. Balayage is a technique referring to free-form painting on clean, styled hair. The results are subtle, and more natural looking than foiling or chunking.
Frosting refers to the process of free-hand lightening the tips of the hair, and is generally performed on men with short hair.
Chunking refers to a style of highlight which is larger and thicker than a traditional highlight, rather than to a method of creating highlights. Chunky highlights are generally offered in a wider variety of bold natural colors, as well as a large number of artificial, or unnatural, colors and are used to create more contrast, rather than subtle texture, as in traditional, thinner highlights.
Media related to Hair highlighting at Wikimedia Commons


Pulling back the curtain on the PBS
All Australians will rely on the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme, or PBS, at some point in their lives. But how much do Australians understand about the system the Federal Government uses to provide access to medicines and vaccines?
GSK and ViiV Healthcare have collaborated to 'pull back the curtain' on the PBS with a video and report that explain how the Government assesses new medicines and vaccines to make sure they are cost-effective before they are paid for in Australia.
As the Australian population continues to grow and age, and there are more advances in science, there will be an increased demand on our healthcare system to continue to fund the medicines and vaccines we need to keep us healthy. If we all have a better understanding of that system, we'll be in a better position to help shape it in the future.
Download GSK and ViiV Healthcare's report - The PBS in Australia - an explainer on system components
Watch the video
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Investigating Motivations and Expectations of Asking a Question in Social Q&A
Social Q&A (SQA) has rapidly grown in popularity, impacting people's information seeking behaviors. Although previous research has examined how people seek and share information within SQA, fundamental questions of user motivations and expectations for information seeking remain. This paper applies the theoretical framework of uses and gratification theory to investigate the motivations for SQA use, and adapts relevance criteria from library and information science (LIS) literature to investigate expectations with regard to evaluation of content within SQA site Yahoo! Answers. A total of 75 Yahoo! Answers users participated in a survey that asked them about reasons, methods, and expectations relating to asking questions within the SQA site. Findings indicate the importance of motivations and expectations in fulfilling both cognitive and socio–affective needs based upon the type of task performed. These findings provide encouraging evidence that understanding the interrelationship between the motivations behind and expectations of asking a question can inform a more holistic framework to assess information.
Published in First Monday, Volume 19, Issue 3, Spring 2014.
© First Monday 2014, University of Illinois at Chicago Library
Choi, E., Kitzie, V., & Shah, C. (2014). Investigating motivations and expectations of asking a question in social Q and A. First Monday, 19(3).