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You can provide custom behavior for your script tool dialog box, such as enabling and disabling parameters, providing default values, and updating string keywords. By adding Python code, you can do the following:
- Update a parameter filter. Using a field filter, you can create a list of valid field types, such as LONG and DOUBLE. With a string filter, you can set a list of valid keywords. There are six types of filters: Value List, Range, Feature Class, File, Field, and Workspace.
- Provide default values for parameters, such as cell size for rasters.
- Customize warning and error messages that appear on the dialog box.
- Enable or disable a parameter based on values contained in other parameters.
When a parameter is disabled, it will disappear from view on the tool dialog box, and when reenabled, it will reappear. This effect is seen on several system geoprocessing tools such as the Add Field tool where the need for several parameters is dependent on the field type.
- Put parameters in different categories. Categories are expandable window shades with a collection of parameters.
- Update the description of output datasets for use in ModelBuilder. By updating the description, subsequent tools in ModelBuilder can see pending data characteristics prior to any tool being run.
How validation works
Validation is performed with a block of Python code that geoprocessing uses to control how the tool dialog box and Python window change based on user input. System tools (those provided by Esri) have always had the capability to react to user input and subsequently modify the tool dialog box as described above.
Validation means checking that all tool parameters are correct and providing useful messages if they are not. There are two parts to validation:
- The part that you can do by adding code.
- The part that ArcGIS does automatically for you. This part of validation is referred to as internal validation (or basic validation), since it is the basic validation done internally by geoprocessing in ArcGIS.
First, take a look at what internal validation does:
- If a parameter is required, check whether it's empty (nothing entered yet) and, if so, post the Value is required message to the tool dialog box.
- Check that the value the user entered is of the right type (for example, entering a raster instead of a feature class or alphabet characters instead of a number).
- Check filter membership; that is, if you have a Value List filter containing keywords, such as RED, ORANGE, and YELLOW, and you enter BLUE, you'll receive an error message, because BLUE isn't found in the Value List filter.
- Check existence of input datasets.
- Generate a default catalog path for output datasets.
- Update the description of the output data based on a set of rules contained in the special object, Schema.
- Check existence of output datasets against the overwriteOutput environment setting. If the dataset exists and overwriteOutput is false, an error is produced; otherwise, a warning is produced.
- If the parameter is a Field data type, check that the field exists in the associated table.
- Check that the output dataset isn't the same as the input dataset (unless the output is derived, like Add Field).
- For parameters containing linear and areal unit data types, set their default values by examining the corresponding values in ArcGIS Pro (if running from ArcGIS Pro).
- If the output is a coverage, grid, or INFO table, check the 13-character file name limit for these datasets.
Internal validation doesn't do the following (but you can with your own validation code):
- Update filters based on interaction with other parameters. For example, if your user enters a point feature class in the first parameter, you want your tool dialog box to display RED, ORANGE, and YELLOW in the third parameter. If a polygon feature class is entered, you want to display BLUE, INDIGO, and VIOLET in the third parameter.
- Enable/Disable parameters.
- Calculate default values.
- Perform any tool-specific parameter interaction.
The code you add works in concert with internal validation as follows:
- You can provide a set of rules that internal validation uses for updating the description of output datasets. These rules are contained in a Schema object.
- You can update filters before internal validation occurs. Drawing on the example above, if a point feature class is entered, you would update the filter to contain RED, ORANGE, and YELLOW. Internal validation checks the value the user entered against the values found in the filter.
You can have your validation code calculate default values, enable and disable parameters, and customize messages. These types of actions have no consequence for internal validation; they only affect the appearance of the tool dialog box.


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Purpose: To assess the safety and efficacy of conversion from pure laparoscopy to hand-assisted laparoscopy to control mild-to-moderate bleeding during renal surgery. Patients and Methods: Between August 2006 and August 2008, we performed 94 laparoscopic nephrectomies (44 partial and 50 radical). A total of three radical nephrectomies were converted from pure to hand-assisted laparoscopy for control of bleeding. The first patient was a 44-year-old man with a 14-cm cystic renal mass. The second patient was a 52-year-old man with a 3.8-cm renal mass, and the third patient was an 86-year-old woman with a 7-cm renal mass. Results: In all three procedures, the indication for conversion was bleeding from the renal hilum or the kidney parenchyma during dissection. The bleeding was difficult to control using pure laparoscopy, and therefore a hand port was inserted. Time for conversion and placement of the hand port averaged less than 7 minutes. Total estimated blood loss for the three patients was 800 mL, 2000 mL, and 650 mL, respectively. One patient needed a transfusion with three units of packed red blood cells. The postoperative course was uneventful in all patients, except for one patient who had prolonged ileus and stayed in the hospital for 6 days. The remaining two patients were discharged on postoperative days 2 and 3. Conclusions: Conversion from pure to hand-assisted laparoscopy for bleeding control is feasible and effective. It adds minimal morbidity while maximizing cosmesis, and it should be considered as an alternative to open conversion in cases of mild-to-moderate bleeding.
ASJC Scopus subject areas

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Aim higher, reach further.
Nuclear Plant Report Evaluates Fish Impact
WHITE PLAINS, N.Y.—The federal fisheries service says the continued operation of two nuclear plants in the New York City suburbs would have an "adverse effect" on two endangered species of sturgeon, but wouldn't come close to wiping them out.
The conclusion appears to help the argument for extending licenses for the Indian Point plants on the Hudson River, although one critic called it wrong and irrelevant.
Popular on WSJ
Editors' Picks


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: not able to be trusted : causing feelings of doubt or suspicion
: a person who is believed to be possibly guilty of committing a crime
: a thing that is thought of as a possible cause of something bad
: to think that (someone) is possibly guilty of a crime or of doing something wrong
: to think that (something) is possibly the cause of something bad
: to think that (a crime) has possibly been committed
What made you want to look up suspect? Please tell us where you read or heard it (including the quote, if possible).


text:
About the National Youth Leadership Forum: Pathways to STEM Alumni
Building New and Bigger Pathways
The NYLF Pathways to STEM Alumni program was developed specifically for students who previously attended the National Youth Leadership Forum (NYLF): Pathways to STEM. The program provides these students with the opportunity to build upon their previous Envision experience and further cultivate their passion for STEM.
At NYLF Pathways to STEM Alumni, students learn by doing as they participate in hands-on simulations that allow them to take on roles, Maker Center Challenges that provide them with additional exposure to STEM opportunities and allow them to showcase their creativity, and an offsite experience filled with interactive learning.
Virtually all career fields today require a solid foundation of STEM. Early and frequent exposure to these fields can set today's kids on a path to success by giving them the tools needed to make informed decisions about the future. During the program, students will gain increased exposure to STEM opportunities and further develop essential success skills while also reconnecting with old friends and forming new bonds with their fellow Envision alumni.


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Aid and abet
What's the meaning of the phrase 'Aid and abet'?
To help and encourage, usually in the commission of a crime or anti-social act.
What's the origin of the phrase 'Aid and abet'?
'Aid and abet' is a common enough expression but, whilst 'aid' is well-known, what does 'abet' mean exactly? The word derives from the French 'abeter' - to hound, which itself derives from the Norse 'beita' - to cause to bite.
The phrase 'aid and abet' was coined in the late 18th century, by which time the term 'abet' had lost its original 'cause to bite' meaning. An early example of its use dates from 1798, when George Washington included it in a letter, first published in Writings, 1893. He didn't appear to have any better opinion of the French than that of the US administration concerning the Gallic reluctance to aid and abet the war in Iraq:
"My mind is not a little agitated by the outrageous conduct of France towards the United States, and at the inimitable conduct of its partisans, who aid and abet their measures."
Bear baiting, or as it was first called 'bear abetting', was a popular entertainment in England between the 16th and 19th centuries. It took place in pits in 'bear gardens', in which tethered bears were torn to pieces by trained bulldogs. Such pits were commonplace and some still exist, although they are of course no longer in use.
This'sport' wasn't viewed with the distaste we now have for animal cruelty - Queen Elizabeth I condoned the practice by attending baitings, one of which resulted in 13 dead bears. The Elizabethan writer Robert Laneham described the scene:
"It was a sport very pleasant to see, to see the bear, with his pink eyes, tearing after his enemies approach... and when he was loose to shake his ears twice or thrice with the blood and the slaver hanging about his physiognomy."
So, if you plan to help someone, aid them by all means, but no biting please.


The History of the Smallest Park in the World
mill ends park, portland, smallest park in the world
written by Bronte Dod | photos by Rob Kerr
At just 2 feet across and with an area of 452 square inches, a circular cement urban park sits in the middle of Downtown Portland's Naito Parkway. Mill Ends Park, recognized by the Guinness Book of World Records as the smallest park in the world, came about in 1948 when columnist Dick Fagan of the Oregon Journal planted flowers in a hole where city workers failed to put a light post.
mill ends park, portland, smallest park in the world
Strange happenings involve Mill Ends Park. Take the Occupy Portland movement in 2011, when someone placed plastic green army men at the park. In 2013, someone stole the park's sapling, but it resurfaced the next day. Mill Ends also caused a brief international dispute in 2014, when citizens in Burntwood, England, thought the record should be held by a park there, because it actually served as a recreation area. In the end, Mill Ends keeps its title, cementing its place in Portland's long list of popular oddities and shenanigans.
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A subcontract is a legal agreement to do part of a larger job. A worker or small company usually signs a subcontract with a larger company.
As a verb, subcontract means to hire a person or company to complete part of a job. An example might be a construction company that's been employed to build a house deciding to subcontract all the plumbing and electrical work out. In other words, they are paid for the entire job, and then they pay a plumber and an electrician to do specific parts of the job.
Definitions of subcontract
 1. noun
 a contract assigning to another party some obligations of a prior contract
 see moresee less
 type of:
 2. verb
 arrange for work to be done by others
 synonyms: farm out, job
 see moresee less
 type of:
 employ, engage, hire
 engage or hire for work
 3. verb
 work under a subcontract; engage in a subcontract
 see moresee less
 type of:
 do work, work
 be employed
Word Family


Carved under the capital: incredible underground photos of Crossrail
 - 03 Sep 2013
Engineers working on building 42km of tunnels, up to 40m deep, that will make up the new Crossrail line
Christoffer Rudquist
Crossrail is Europe's biggest infrastructure project. Budgeted at £14.8 billion -- £12 billion of which is going on 42km of tunnels up to 40 metres deep -- the line will stretch from Royal Oak in west London to Plumstead, south-east of the capital. "The scale is immense," says Andy Mitchell, Crossrail programme director. "Over 8,000 people are working across 40 construction sites. Eight tunnel-boring machines will excavate six million tonnes of earth and use a quarter of a million concrete segments." The 1,000-tonne tunnel-boring machines (TBMs), which were made by German firm Herrenknecht in Schwanau, travelled from Rotterdam to Essex by ferry last year.
Each machine is 7.1m across and up to 150m long. Six are earth pressure balance machines for tunnelling through clay; two are slurry machines for the chalk, flint and water found under south-east London.
One of the slurry machines, TBM6, is currently on a 2.6km drive from Plumstead, passing under the Thames to North Woolwich. (Traditionally, each tunnelling machine is given a female nickname; Crossrail held a competition to suggest names: TBM6 is called Mary, after Isambard Kingdom Brunel's wife.) It operates 24 hours a day, every day, and is staffed by a 20-strong gang working 12-hour shifts. Powered by electricity from the national grid, the cutter head rotates three times per minute. The resulting earth is mixed with water to form a chalky milk, which is sent to the surface via pipes, where it is used for land restoration.
The tunnel is then lined with rings composed of seven concrete segments and a concrete keystone. To get the segments and keystones to the front of the machines, they are lowered into the shaft (from which the machine was launched) via a gantry crane, then carried on a small locomotive. The tunnel borer's vacuum-suction erector lifts the segments and keystones into place. Once a ring is installed, hydraulic rams push against it, propelling the machine forward at a rate of around ten rings per day.
Ideally they operate nonstop, but sometimes a halt is unavoidable, usually because cutting tools need changing. "You can do as much desktop analysis as you want," says Gus Scott, project manager for the Plumstead-North Woolwich section. "But until you're down there and find out what condition it's in and how many flints are in it -- on big tunnelling jobs through chalk the flints are what damage the cutter heads -- you can't know how it's going to go."
The front section of the tunnel borer is pressurised, forming an air bubble, which keeps soft ground and water out. Engineers enter the bubble via an airlock to repair the tools. The gang faces risks each day: falling equipment and material, flooding (there is a water alarm), collapsing ground, and fire and gas leaks. Each worker must carry a "self-contained oxygen self-rescuer", a mask and bag that recycles exhaled air.
If stoppages are kept to a minimum TBM6 will be in North Woolwich by the summer of 2014. All the tunnels are due to be completed by the end of 2014, at which point the stations, over-ground sections and fit-out will become the focus. The first trains are due to run in 2018.
Andrew Hankinson has written for The Independent and Esquire


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Fish can and do have surgeries performed on them. An anesthetic is delivered to the fish in its water, and the fish is removed from the water for surgery. Performing surgery with the fish in the water is difficult and can result in contamination of the surgical site. For long surgeries, water (containing anesthetic) must be pumped over the gills to keep the fish oxygenated and anesthetized, as well as keep the fish's skin moist. Thick, heavy scales must be removed along the incision line. Sutures may be removed by your veterinarian from 10 to 30 days following surgery, depending on the rate of healing.
For more information, please read the story Do You Think Fish Can Have Surgery

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Friedel oscillations in holographic metals
Artikel i vetenskaplig tidskrift, 2012
In this article we study the conditions under which holographic metallic states display Friedel oscillations. We focus on systems where the bulk charge density is not hidden behind a black hole horizon. Understanding holographic Friedel oscillations gives a clean way to characterize the boundary system, complementary to probe fermion calculations. We find that fermions in a "hard wall" AdS geometry unambiguously display Friedel oscillations. However, similar oscillations are washed out for electron stars, suggesting a smeared continuum of Fermi surfaces.
Holography and condensed matter physics (AdS/CMT)


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Do dogs bite more during a full moon?
The power of the moon is often used to explain a wide range of events - from human insanity to traffic accidents - but do animals feel more inclined to bite humans during the full moon than at other times? Two new studies have come up with different answers.
This week's British Medical Journal (BMJ) carries two studies - one from the UK which finds that you are more likely to be bitten by a dog when the moon is full, and a study from Australia which finds that you're not.
Chapman et al. (Pic: BMJ)A study by Professor Simon Chapan and Stehen Morrell of The University of Sydney showed no positive relation between the full moon and dog bites requiring hospital treatment. They compared dates of admission for dog bites to public hospitals throughout Australia with dates of the full moon, over a 12-month period.
Overall, full moon days were associated with slightly lower admissions (4.6 compared with 4.8 per day). Of 18 peak days (more than 10 admissions per day) the maximum peak centred on the New Year break. Full moons coincided with none of these peaks.
A study by a team in Bradford, UK on the other hand, has found that animals do have an increased propensity to bite humans during the full moon periods. During 1997 to 1999, they identified 1,621 patients attending the accident and emergency department at Bradford Royal Infirmary after being bitten by an animal.
The chance of being bitten was twice as high on or around full moon days, indicating that an association exists between the lunar cycles and changes in animal behaviour. However, the authors suggest that further experiments are needed to verify these results.
So why the difference between the UK and Australia? Are dogs in the UK more aggressive?
"The only explanation I have is that maybe because of a general drabness in England more people take pleasant walks under the full moon and are therefore more available to be bitten by dogs," speculates Professor Chapman who submitted his article to the BMJ without any idea that the other paper was being submitted.
He decided to do the study after a comment from a farmer on a randomised controlled trial he had done on the use of school programs to prevent dogs biting children.
"Don't you scientists know anything?," the farmer said to him. "You should be looking at why they bite - it's because of the full moon!"


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The names chiseled onto city tenement building entrances are often pretty puzzling.
The typical tenement is more than 100 years old. With the original builders long-gone, who can explain where some of these names come from, and why they were chosen?
Like Novelty Court, on Driggs Avenue in Williamsburg. Actually, a little research turned up an explanation: this used to be the site of the Novelty Theater, according to Cinema Treasures, which disappeared from city directories by the 1920s.
A. Segal's (Secal's?) Apartments are also in Williamsburg. But who was A. Segal, and why did he put his first initial and last name on his building?
Blennerhasset sounds like Manhasset, a town in Long Island. I've never seen the name anywhere else but on this tenement near Columbia University.
Who was Frances, and how would she feel about the terrible shape the building named for her is in, on Lexington Avenue in East Harlem?


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to use. To do so, we want a copy of the BeagleBone schematic handy, which can be found in the links here or on the uSD card supplied with the BeagleBone. According to page 3 of the schematics, the USR1 LED is connected to the GPIO1_22 pin (easily found by searching 'USR1' in the pdf), which means pin 22 in the GPIO1 module. Now it's time for a little Python. First we need to import the mmap module, which is not on the BeagleBone by default, but can be installed by running '# opkg install python-mmap', and defining a few addresses:
import time, struct
GPIO1_offset = 0x4804c000
GPIO1_size = 0x4804cfff-GPIO1_offset
GPIO_OE = 0x134
GPIO_SETDATAOUT = 0x194
GPIO_CLEARDATAOUT = 0x190
USR1 = 1<<22
Mapping the entire /dev/mem file would require that over a gigabyte be allocated in Python's heap, so the offset address and size variables are used to keep the mmap as small as possible, in this case just the GPIO1 register. These values are straight out of the memory map in section 2.1 of the Technical Reference Manual. the GPIO_OE, GPIO_SETDATAOUT and GPIO_CLEARDATAOUT addresses are found in section 25.4, which shows the address offsets of each register within the GPIO modules, starting from the base module address. Chapter 25 explains how to use the GPIO registers. All we need to do is set a pin as an output, then set and clear its output state. To do the first, we need the 'output enable' register (GPIO_OE above). Then the GPIO_SETDATAOUT and GPIO_CLEARDATAOUT registers will do the rest. Each one of these registers is 32 bits long, each bit of which corresponding to one of 32 GPIO pins, so for pin 22 we need bit 22, or 1 shifted left 22 places.
Next we need to make the mmap, using the desired size and offset:
mem = mmap(f.fileno(), GPIO1_size, offset=GPIO1_offset)
Now we need to set the pin as an output. I'll do this line by line:
The mmap is addressed byte by byte, so we can't just set a single bit. The easiest thing to do is grab the whole 4-byte register:
We now have 32 bits packed into a string, so to do any sort of bitwise operations with it we must unpack it:
The 'L' tells struct.unpack() to unpack the string into an unsigned long, which will give us the full 32-bit register. The '<' tells it that the string is packed little-endian, or least-significant byte first. The BeagleBone's memory is little-endian, so if we tell this to struct.unpack() it will return the 32 bits in the order they are shown in the reference manual register maps.
We now have the 32-bit integer value of the register, so we can configure the LED as an output by clearing its bit:
Now all that's left to do is to pack it little-endian back into a string and update the mmap:
Now that we know the pin is configured as an output, it's time to get blinking. We could use the GPIO_DATAOUT register to do this, but we would want to preserve the state of all the other bits in it, so we would need to do the same process of unpacking, manipulating then repacking. That's what the SETDATAOUT and CLEARDATAOUT registers are for. Writes to them affect only the pins whose bits are set to 1, making the next step much easier:
# Set it high:
mem[GPIO_SETDATAOUT:GPIO_SETDATAOUT+4] = struct.pack("


Main Content
Bootstrapping a Default Probability Curve
This example shows how to bootstrap default probabilities from CDS market quotes. To bootstrap default probabilities from bond market data, see bondDefaultBootstrap. In a typical workflow, pricing a new CDS contract involves first estimating a default probability term structure using cdsbootstrap. This requires market quotes of existing CDS contracts, or quotes of CDS indices (e.g., iTraxx). The estimated default probability curve is then used as input to cdsspread or cdsprice. If the default probability information is already known, cdsbootstrap can be bypassed and cdsspread or cdsprice can be called directly.
The market information in this example is provided in the form of running spreads of CDS contracts maturing on the CDS standard payment dates closest to 1, 2, 3, 5, and 7 years from the valuation date.
Settle = '17-Jul-2009'; % valuation date for the CDS
MarketDates = datenum({'20-Sep-10','20-Sep-11','20-Sep-12','20-Sep-14',...
MarketSpreads = [140 175 210 265 310]';
MarketData = [MarketDates MarketSpreads];
ZeroDates = datenum({'17-Jan-10','17-Jul-10','17-Jul-11','17-Jul-12',...
ZeroRates = [1.35 1.43 1.9 2.47 2.936 3.311]'/100;
ZeroData = [ZeroDates ZeroRates];
[ProbData,HazData] = cdsbootstrap(ZeroData,MarketData,Settle);
The bootstrapped default probability curve is plotted against time, in years, from the valuation date.
ProbTimes = yearfrac(Settle,ProbData(:,1));
plot([0; ProbTimes],[0; ProbData(:,2)])
grid on
axis([0 ProbTimes(end,1) 0 ProbData(end,2)])
xlabel('Time (years)')
ylabel('Cumulative Default Probability')
title('Bootstrapped Default Probability Curve')
The associated hazard rates are returned as an optional output. The convention is that the first hazard rate applies from the settlement date to the first market date, the second hazard rate from the first to the second market date, and so on, and the last hazard rate applies from the second-to-last market date onwards. The following plot displays the bootstrapped hazard rates, plotted against time, in years, from the valuation date:
HazTimes = yearfrac(Settle,HazData(:,1));
stairs([0; HazTimes(1:end-1,1); HazTimes(end,1)+1],...
grid on
axis([0 HazTimes(end,1)+1 0.9*HazData(1,2) 1.1*HazData(end,2)])
xlabel('Time (years)')
ylabel('Hazard Rate')
title('Bootstrapped Hazard Rates')
See Also
| | | |
Related Topics


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The Columbia Museum of Art
implemented a renewable energy project using a recently installed solar panel array on the roof of its building which is reducing the amount of energy the museum has to purchase. The Museum received a $213,500 grant from the US Department of Energy to fund the 177 solar panels, special installation equipment, 6 electrical inverters and a web based monitoring system. A special educational webpage at columbiamuseum.org provides visitors with fun facts, live readings of energy saved, photos and interactive games for kids.
For more information on renewable energy please visit NCInsurance
The Solar Panels will:
PRODUCE 10-20% of the Museums daily usage
OFFSET 40 tons of carbon every year
SAVE 379 trees per year
GENERATE 53,340 kilowatts per hour
This project is a great example of using renewable energy to improve the environment and the economy. Patrons of the museum will be able to learn more about solar technology as they see it work first hand, SC Energy Office
director John Clark said.
This scalable project fosters market penetration of renewable energy technology by promoting the benefits of solar power production. As a downtown anchor, the Museum endorses a cleaner, healthier environment by utilizing a renewable resource to reduce and displace its traditional electricity consumption. This is the only solar project of this size in the city of Columbia.
We are thrilled to be making technological advances that are greatly impacting our environment in a positive way. Additionally, this project allows us to reduce our utility costs and to redirect those resources toward programs that advance our educational mission, Museum executive director, Karen Brosius, said.
The South Carolina Energy Office (SCEO) provides a broad range of resources designed to help citizens, businesses and public entities save energy and money. In recent years, the SCEO has helped save South Carolina over $250 million through public and private energy-saving measures and new energy technologies. The SCEO is a unit of the South Carolina Budget and Control Board. Additional information can be found at _URL_. These projects are funded through a grant from the Department of Energy under Award Number(s) DE-EE0000158.


How to block requests by referrer using .htaccess
There may be times you want to stop site visitors from clicking from a link on another site. This is called blocking the "referrer", it's also used to prevent image hot-linking.
A "referrer" is another site that is linking to yours. When a user clicks on the link on the other site, they are considered the referrer. In a basic referrer block, you block the traffic by specifying what domains (referrers) may not send you traffic.
For example, the following code will block any visitors that visit by clicking on links at, or block any pages or images included in that are from your site (iframes, images, etc).
RewriteEngine On
# Next line may be required, uncomment it if you're having trouble
# Options +FollowSymlinks
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} [NC]
RewriteRule.* - [F]
The thing about this is it does not stop someone from simply typing in your website address into their browser; it specifically stops traffic that originates from that other domain.
If you simply want to stop image hot-linking, we just block the file types, rather than all traffic. The only line to change is the RewriteRule line. You have two choices: To block the images completely, or to present an image that says that you don't allow hotlinks.
Option 1: Forbid the request
Option 2: Redirect to something else
Feel free to adapt this to your needs.
Questions, comments, or feedback? Got another method that you think is better, or am I missing something? Please feel free to share it in the comments below. Thank you!


Selamat datang di cybronyx! temukan semua kebutuhan proyek teknologimu disini! punya pertanyaan seputar proyek kamu? silahkan konsultasikan kepada kami :)
 - Infrared Emission Sensor Module For Arduino Starters Compatible
Infrared Emission Sensor Module For Arduino Starters Compatible
 - Model: Arduino
 - SKU: 0111
 - Ketersediaan: Stock ada
 - Rp.25.000,-
Infrared Emission Sensor Module For Arduino Starters Compatible KY-005.
Infrared transmitting tube, also known as infrared light emitting diode, as part of the diode. It is to be able to convert electrical energy directly into near-infrared light (not visible) and radiation out of the light-emitting device, mainly used in all kinds of photoelectric switch and remote transmission circuit. Infrared transmitting tube structure, the principle of similar to ordinary light emitting diode, just use different semiconductor materials. Infrared leds are typically used gallium arsenide (GaAs), aluminum gallium arsenic (GaAlAs), and other materials, the use of transparent or light blue, black resin encapsulation.
Launch distance and Angle (15 degrees, 30 degrees, 45 degrees, 60 degrees, 90 degrees, 120 degrees, 180 degrees c), the intensity of light emission, wavelength. Above for the physical parameters, it is necessary to understand its electric performance parameters, on the market commonly used 3 mm in diameter, 5 mm for small power infrared transmitting tube, 8 mm, 10 mm for the power and high power tube. Small power transmitting tube forward voltage: 1.1-1.5 V, current 20 ma, in power for the forward voltage: 1.4-1.65 V 50-100 ma, high-power tubes for the forward voltage: 1.5-1.9 V200-350 ma. Yu star electronics to make 1-10 w high power infrared transmitting tube can be applied to the infrared monitoring lighting.
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Tags: jual infrared, emission, arduino, sensor, module


Why Did Kaneki'S Nails Turn Black?
How old is kaneki?
Why did they kidnap kaneki?
He was a ghoul tortured brutally by a CCG officer and quickly became a torturer himself. It's safe to say he tortured other people before Kaneki. … Yamori, a sadistic guy, wanted to see how strong a one eyes willpower was, so he took kaneki, and you know the rest from there!
What do black fingernails mean?
Dark spots or streaks rather than full discoloration of the nails may be caused by bruising, psoriasis, melanoma (a type of skin cancer), chronic infections, and medications such as from cancer chemotherapy.
Why the nails are black?
Some types of bacteria, as well as fungal infection of the nail, can also produce melanin that discolours the nails. Nicotine stains from cigarettes, certain medicated lotions and dirt can also stain our nails. Injuries or ill-fitting shoes can cause bleeding under the nail, making it appear black.
Why did kaneki's hair turn white?
As Kaneki had to repeatedly heal his toes over and over and over, all the while being tortured and borderline starved. His body was basically getting weaker and weaker because the cells were wearing thin, which is why his hair turns white, as happens with people when they get old.
Was kaneki's mom abusive?
Kaneki being abused. She was intelligent and seemed to always be kind. … Kaneki's description of his mother appears to be somewhat distorted; his memories of her show her actions of being physically abusive, beating her young son and putting others' needs before his emotional health along with her own physical health.
Did kaneki eat hide?
Kaneki has gone out of his mind, babbling irrationally in a state of being half kakuja. Hide lets Kaneki eat his face to get back his strength. While it appeared at first that Hide had died in the process, he reappeared later as Scarecrow, an ally of Kaneki and the ghoul hunters.
Is kaneki the strongest ghoul?
Ken Kaneki is the main protagonist of the Tokyo Ghoul series. … Kaneki is ranked as an SS Ghoul, but he is much more powerful than that.
What do black streaks in fingernails mean?
Black lines on the nail can be the result of many conditions. Trauma is one of the most common causes of splinter hemorrhages. This can occur when something hurts your nail bed and bursts a blood vessel under your nail.
What happens if your fingernail turns black?
It is common for a nail to turn black after an injury. The black or purple-black color is caused by blood under the nail and will go away as the injury heals. Black, brown, or purple discoloration under a nail that has not been injured may be caused by melanoma.
What mental illness does kaneki have?
dissociative identity disorderA more common and rational belief is that Kaneki/Haise suffers from dissociative identity disorder, in which the sufferer has two or more distinct and separate identities that take control over the persons behaviour.
How long was kaneki tortured?
10 daysYou are correct, but there are some people who don't know exactly how long Kaneki was tortured. He was tortured for 10 days, enough time for his hair to turn white.


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The direct interface of fluid power components to digital computers requires electrohydraulic devices which can be actuated by a digital signal. High speed solenoid valves are devices ideally suited for this kind of application due to their on/off characteristics. In the last two decades, considerable research has been focused on developing fast responding on/off valves and this research has achieved some success. The fastest responding valves that have been reported are usually single stage and can only handle low flow rates. Two stage valves which can accommodate high flow rates have been developed, but they are either slow in responding or complicated in construction.
In this paper, the feasibility of a rotary based, single stage, fast responding digital valve is considered. The feasibility study consisted of developing a nonlinear model of the valve from which transient and steady state responses were simulated. Based on these simulation studies, a prototype valve was designed and fabricated. The configuration of the valve is introduced in this paper. Some preliminary experimental results of the testing of this valve are presented.


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Prizes and Productivity
...there is a negative relationship between productivity and winning the Fields Medal...
The production of knowledge is central to long-term economic growth. Yet little is known about how knowledge is produced, making it difficult to design incentives to elicit effort from knowledge producers. Prizes are a common incentive for knowledge production; hundreds of scientific prizes are awarded throughout the world and across all scientific disciplines. Although these prizes are frequently awarded with the explicit goal of inspiring more and better scientific work, whether they are effective remains an open question.
In Prizes and Productivity: How Winning the Fields Medal Affects Scientific Output (NBER Working Paper No. 19445), authors George Borjas and Kirk Doran examine the impact of winning the Fields Medal on the post-medal productivity and research choices of mathematicians. The Fields Medal is the most prestigious award in mathematics, awarded every four years to a mathematician under the age of 40. Established by the Canadian mathematician John Charles Fields, the medal is often thought of as the "Nobel Prize of Mathematics."
The authors use archival data from the American Mathematical Society and the Mathematics Genealogy Project to estimate the age-productivity profile of these exceptional mathematicians along a number of different dimensions, including the number of papers published, citations received, and students mentored.
The authors find that the age-productivity profiles of the Fields Medal winners and the losing contenders in their cohort are similar until the year in which the medal is awarded. After the award, the rate of output of the Fields medalists, regardless of how it is measured, declines noticeably.
The authors also find that the medalists exhibit far greater cognitive mobility, shifting across sub-fields within mathematics, in the post-medal period. The winners are more likely to pursue topics that are not related to their pre-medal work. Because cognitive mobility is costly and additional time is required to prepare a paper in an unfamiliar field, the increased rate of cognitive mobility reduces the medalists' rate of output in the post-medal period. The data suggest that about half of the decreased productivity in the post-medal period can be attributed to the increased propensity for experimentation.
Although there is a negative relationship between productivity and winning the Fields Medal, the authors caution that other types of prizes may have different post-prize productivity effects. The Fields Medal is awarded at a relatively young age and the timing of the prize could have a significant impact on post-prize incentives. Similarly, mathematics is an unusual field in that researchers typically do not need expensive infrastructure to produce theorems. Prizes in the physical sciences, and even in economics, may open up funding opportunities that could significantly increase post-prize productivity for the winners.
The findings suggest that the post-prize productivity impact of winning a prestigious award can be substantial, affecting both the quantity and type of research the winners produce. The authors argue that the increased opportunities provided by the Fields Medal discouraged the recipients from continuing to produce the pure mathematics for which the medal was awarded, and encouraged time-consuming investments in ever more distant locations in the space of ideas.
--Les PickerThe Digest is not copyrighted and may be reproduced freely with appropriate attribution of source.


Longines Wittnauer A7 Aircraft Clock
Written by AnubisTTP on 2017-03-05
World War 2 and the buildup immediately preceeding it saw the manufacture of numerous different types of aircraft clocks, and this Longines Wittnauer A7 clock is one such example. A7 model clocks differ from the much more common A6 model in that they have a 'pendant wind' winding stem which exits the bottom of the case instead of extending vertically below the 6-o-clock position. A metal plug has been pressed into the winding stem hole that would have been used in an A6 model clock. This clock makes use of a Jaeger LeCoultre 201M caliber movement, a relatively high end time-only movement with a 7 jewel lever escapement. This model of clock was also manufactured with a less common and more expensive 14 jewel movement.
Longines Wittnauer A7 aircraft clock, at rest.
This model of clock uses a Jaeger LeCoultre 201M movement.
Backside of A7 clock. Like most aircraft clocks, this model has two threaded plugs to allow access to the winding gears and regulator.
 Return to Clocks and Timers


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How to Use advanced ACL Concepts
How to Use advanced ACL Concepts¶
The aim of this chapter is to give a more in-depth view of the ACL system, and also explain some of the design decisions behind it.
Symfony's object instance security capabilities are based on the concept of an Access Control List. Every domain object instance has its own ACL. The ACL instance holds a detailed list of Access Control Entries (ACEs) which are used to make access decisions. Symfony's ACL system focuses on two main objectives:
- providing a way to efficiently retrieve a large amount of ACLs/ACEs for your domain objects, and to modify them;
- providing a way to easily make decisions of whether a person is allowed to perform an action on a domain object or not.
As indicated by the first point, one of the main capabilities of Symfony's ACL system is a high-performance way of retrieving ACLs/ACEs. This is extremely important since each ACL might have several ACEs, and inherit from another ACL in a tree-like fashion. Therefore, no ORM is leveraged, instead the default implementation interacts with your connection directly using Doctrine's DBAL.
The ACL system is completely decoupled from your domain objects. They don't even have to be stored in the same database, or on the same server. In order to achieve this decoupling, in the ACL system your objects are represented through object identity objects. Every time you want to retrieve the ACL for a domain object, the ACL system will first create an object identity from your domain object, and then pass this object identity to the ACL provider for further processing.
This is analog to the object identity, but represents a user, or a role in your application. Each role, or user has its own security identity.
2.5For users, the security identity is based on the username. This means that,
if for any reason, a user's username was to change, you must ensure its
security identity is updated too. The
method is there to handle the update, it was introduced in Symfony 2.5.
Database Table Structure¶
The default implementation uses five database tables as listed below. The tables are ordered from least rows to most rows in a typical application:
- acl_security_identities: This table records all security identities (SID)
which hold ACEs. The default implementation ships with two security
- acl_classes: This table maps class names to a unique ID which can be referenced from other tables.
- acl_object_identities: Each row in this table represents a single domain object instance.
- acl_object_identity_ancestors: This table allows all the ancestors of an ACL to be determined in a very efficient way.
- acl_entries: This table contains all ACEs. This is typically the table with the most rows. It can contain tens of millions without significantly impacting performance.
Scope of Access Control Entries¶
Access control entries can have different scopes in which they apply. In Symfony, there are basically two different scopes:
- Class-Scope: These entries apply to all objects with the same class.
- Object-Scope: This was the scope solely used in the previous chapter, and it only applies to one specific object.
Sometimes, you will find the need to apply an ACE only to a specific field of the object. Suppose you want the ID only to be viewable by an administrator, but not by your customer service. To solve this common problem, two more sub-scopes have been added:
- Class-Field-Scope: These entries apply to all objects with the same class, but only to a specific field of the objects.
- Object-Field-Scope: These entries apply to a specific object, and only to a specific field of that object.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License.


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The Top English Grammar Tips From A–Z
1pausa del café femenino
- The proceedings of the Ladies Club have come to a halt for a coffee break.
- The two men were having their daily midmorning coffee break.
- A good American friend asked me the question some time ago in the middle of a coffee break with friends.
- About the second night I rode with him, we took a coffee break.
- I'm just taking time out for a coffee break.
- Some fit in by shooting the breeze during extended coffee breaks.
- The keynote speeches were followed by a coffee break.
- Staff members can lounge outdoors on a balcony during coffee breaks.
- All the staff were willing to talk well into their hard-earned coffee break!
- Each session will include a tea / coffee break.
- My imaginary software company was going to have coffee breaks with free donuts every hour.
- The first part of the conference (up to the morning coffee break) was devoted to reports of unusual experiences in everyday life.
- Austrian city dwellers often take a midafternoon coffee break at a national institution, the coffeehouse.
- I decided a short coffee break was what the situation suggested.
- Don't lunch privately or take coffee breaks with the same person all the time.
- For example, save the coffee break or quick bite for later.
- In fact, at coffee break, there were about five people sitting there.
- A casual conversation at a coffee break in South Africa is shaking up agricultural research throughout the developing world.
- This is a bit of trivia for your coffee break.
- I was able to show it during a coffee break.
Learning English? Read More About The Language Here!


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Great Britain Historical Geographical Information System (GBHGIS)
2. hearth tax, 1664: surrey
The Hearth Tax returns of the 1660s and 1670s are another important historical source. It was levied twice a year at Lady Day and Michaelmas and was based on taxing each hearth at a rate of 2 shillings a year payable in two instalments. In collaboration with Prof. Margaret Spufford and Dr. Susan Rose of the Hearth Tax Centre at the Roehampton Institute, London we have been attempting to systematically map the Hearth Tax at parish level.
This work is still at an early stage but below we have an example of the location of one hearth households in Surrey on Lady Day, 1664. In this case all the data have been assigned to parishes, largely as a result of work done at the Roehampton Institute. On the map Southwark is unshaded as it was treated differently from the rest of the county, the other unshaded areas have no data as a result of damage to the original manuscript.
Having only one hearth was seen as a sign of relative poverty, this map therefore suggests that the area near London was relatively affluent while the areas further away, particularly in the south west of the county were relatively impoverished.


Short Note of Importance of Oil in India
Oil serves as a fuel, a lubricant, and a raw material for a wide range of products. Its by-products are used in chemical, pharmaceutical, textile and many other industries.
The importance of Oil in India can be seen in transportation, industrial power, light and heat, lubricant, petro-chemicals, and other uses.
 1. Importance of Oil in Transportation: Petrol (gasoline) and diesel oil are used to drive cars, buses, trucks etc. Aviation fuel is used by jet planes, heavy fuel by locomotives and steamships.
 2. Importance of oil in Industrial power generation: Oil is used to generate thermal electricity. Fuel oils and natural gas have largely replaced coal in the boilers and furnaces of factories.
 3. Importance of oil for Light and heat purpose: Oil is used for the central heating of homes and offices and paraffin (Kerosene) for lighting and cooking.
 4. Importance as a Lubricant: Vehicles, machinery and equipment's need to be greased with lubricants to reduce friction.
 5. Importance of oil in Petro-chemicals: Petroleum by-products are used for making synthetic fibers, ink and drugs.
 6. Other uses: Asphalt, bitumen, pitch or tar are used for road making and roofing and paraffin and wax for making polishes and candles.
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A vast body of research focuses on the role of parents in athlete development; however, little is known about developmental influences of siblings. In general, family dynamics (i.e., patterns of relating or interacting among family members) have yet to be investigated in youth sport contexts. This study examines how family dynamics and the individual roles of parents and siblings influence the development of Canadian interuniversity student-athletes over time. Participants included four male and six female student-athletes. Each participant took part in a qualitative retrospective timeline interview. All data was subjected to a thematic analysis. Results indicate that siblings and parents play separate yet intricately connected roles in athlete development throughout childhood and adolescence. Overall, participants described a cohesive family unit built on shared values and joint participation in sport activities. They described stable and dynamic forms of support from their parents over time, and positive and negative sibling influences. These findings offer valuable insight into the dynamic nature of parent and sibling relationships with athletes in youth sport and beyond, as well as how these relationships operate in the broader family environment to optimize (and, at times, hinder) athletic development.
Lundy, Georgia I.; Allan, Veronica; Cowburn, Ian; and Cote, Jean
"Parental Support, Sibling Influences and Family Dynamics across the Development of Canadian Interuniversity Student-Athletes,"
Journal of Athlete Development and Experience: Vol. 1
, Article 4.
Available at: _URL_


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Exchange System Discovery Tool Overview
The Exchange System Discovery Tool is a non-intrusive and highly secure tool that examines and analyzes selected mailboxes and reports on the collected message data. The tool output is a set of reports created from the statistics generated from a zip file uploaded to the CommVault Cloud where it staged on a virtual machine using Commvault.
The Exchange System Discovery Tool can be used to:
- Perform archive prediction to reclaim space after the archive.
- Provide data protection estimates and backup window timeframes.
- Analyze and track mailbox usage and distribution.
The key features of the tool include:
- The ability to run on a proxy without any load on the Exchange server, provided the proxy is on the same domain as the Exchange server.
- The ability to discover more than one Exchange server at a time.
- The ability to run multiple instances of the tool simultaneously.
How It Works
Request an account for Cloud Services from your Account Representative, and then log in and download the Exchange System Discovery Tool. The tool output is a set of reports created from the statistics generated from a zip file uploaded to the CommVault Cloud where it is staged on a virtual machine using Commvault.
The collected message data includes the following:
- Message size
- Message count
- Attachment details
- Recipient details
- Modification time
Last modified: 2/27/2018 7:39:11 PM


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In this section, you will learn to hide the root node of a JTree.
Description of the Program:
The following program helps to hide the root node of the Jtree component. This program creates a tree that contains multiple nodes where the root node is kept hidden. The getProperty() method determines the current system properties. This method returns the multiple data of system that will be displayed in a node. For hiding root node we set the setRootVisible is 'false'.
Here is the code of this program:
Output this program:
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Welcome to a handmade flower's blog - Camellia Bees. I will show you how to make paper Lisianthus flower. Follow my step by step tutorials to make them quickly.
You just need to prepare the simple ingredients as below:
- Crepe paper
- White floral wire
- Glue or Hot glue gun
- Tissue paper
- Floral tape
- Paint palette
Now let's to make a pretty paper Lisianthus flower by yourself!!!
Step 1: Bud of Lisianthus flower
Roll up the floral wire in a flower bud pattern using tissue paper, then grab the floral tape to wrap it tightly.
Once you have the stigma, fold the paper and cut the petals according to the pattern and size: 1inch * 2inch.
Next, glue and paste about 5-6 petals then paste into the stigma and remember to gently twist the petals with your hand.
Step 2: Calyx and leave of Lisianthus flower
Cut green crepe paper by size: 3/4 inch*1 1/2 inch, then cut calyx as shown above. Cover the bud with glue and sepals, continue using crepe paper to wrap the whole trunk of paper Lisianthus flower.
Finished the calyx is when you scan the color of the petals from outside to inside to complete.
Making leaves for Lisianthus flowers is really easy, you just need to cut green crepe paper into a square with the size: 6cm * 6cm. Then cut the square in half diagonally.
Finally you symmetrically cut the cut paper onto the floral wire and trim the leaves to make it complete.
Step 3: Main flower of paper Lisianthus
First, fold crepe paper and cut petal pattern with specific dimensions:1 1/2 inch*3 inch. Next you use color to paint each petal to get the natural color of the Lisianthus flower.
Next, Paste the successive petals similar to that in step 1 then wrap the petals into the floral wire.
Finally, make calyx and trunk to complete the main flower.
After having all the parts: buds, flowers and leaves. We glue them together with glue to complete the paper Lisianthus flower.
To follow more details to step by step to make paper Lisianthus flower. Please click and watch the video below. Hopefully, with the above easy instructions, you can complete a beautiful paper flower to decorate or make a gift for your friends or relatives. Let's try it!!!!
If you like my instructions, don't forget to click like, share and subscribe to my channel.
SUBSCRIBE TODAY: _URL_
FIND ME ON SOCIAL MEDIA:
CHECK OUT MY PAPER FLOWERS SHOP ON AMAZON:
Some other easy handmade flower making guides you might like. Click on the link and see the instructions.


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Princess and the Pizza Lesson Plan
- Grades: PreK–K, 1–2
About this book
- The Princess and the Pizza by Mary Jane Auch
- video camera
- costumes, props, and backdrops
Set Up and Prepare
If you decide to dive into this project, involve the art and music teachers. They can integrate scenery, costumes, music, and sound effects into their teaching. Also, a room parent can be a wonderful resource to help gather and create costumes.
Assign or have students choose roles. Allow students time to rehearse, using dialogue from the book, as well as any that they have written. Use a video camera to record the production, and schedule a time to share it with students.
Have students create posters or other advertising to invite neighboring classrooms to the performance, or the videotape showing.


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Clustering Top-Ranking Sentences for Information Access
- Anastasios TombrosAffiliated withDepartment of Computing Science, University of Glasgow
-, Joemon M. JoseAffiliated withDepartment of Computing Science, University of Glasgow
-, Ian RuthvenAffiliated withDepartment of Computer and Information Sciences, University of Strathclyde
In this paper we propose the clustering of top-ranking sentences (TRS) for effective information access. Top-ranking sentences are selected by a query-biased sentence extraction model. By clustering such sentences, we aim to generate and present to users a personalised information space. We outline our approach in detail and we describe how we plan to utilise user interaction with this space for effective information access. We present an initial evaluation of TRS clustering by comparing its effectiveness at providing access to useful information to that of document clustering.
- Clustering Top-Ranking Sentences for Information Access
- Book Title
- Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries
- Book Subtitle
- 7th European Conference, ECDL 2003 Trondheim, Norway, August 17-22, 2003 Proceedings
- pp 523-528
- Print ISBN
- Online ISBN
- Series Title
- Lecture Notes in Computer Science
- Series Volume
- Series ISSN
- Springer Berlin Heidelberg
- Copyright Holder
- Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
- Additional Links
- Industry Sectors
- eBook Packages
- Editor Affiliations
- 4. NetLab, Knowledge Technologies Group, Lund University Libraries
- 5. Dept. of Computer and Information Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology
- Author Affiliations
- 6. Department of Computing Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, U.K.
- 7. Department of Computer and Information Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1XH, U.K.
To view the rest of this content please follow the download PDF link above.


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Sesame Workshop Shares Tips For Creating Touch Screen Content for Preschoolers
Producer of Sesame Street Releases Best Practices for Apps and eBooks Based on Proprietary Research
New York, NY, December 17, 2012 –With ownership of tablets more than doubled over the last year1, more children than ever are engaging with touch screen devices. Sesame Workshop, the nonprofit educational organization behind Sesame Street, today released a paper that offers key findings from touch screen studies and tips for designing and developing apps and ebooks for preschoolers. Best Practices: Designing Touch Tablet Experiences for Preschoolers is based on more than 50 studies and shares Sesame Workshop's approach and discoveries in creating effective educational content for these mobile platforms.
Best Practices outlines interactive design points that research has shown to best support child engagement and learning on digital touch platforms. It also categorizes the most and least intuitive gestures for touch screens, tips for visual design and layout. Findings and tips include:
- Provide dialogue and visual reinforcements to help preschoolers who usually cannot read.
- Tapping is one of the most intuitive interactions for preschoolers while pinching and flicking are often difficult for children with developing motor skills.
- Preschoolers are inclined to hold tablets in landscape view.
- Preschoolers tend to rest their wrists along the bottom edge of tablets, making hotspots and icons placed along the edge potential triggers for unintentional actions that disrupt the activity.
"These best practices are a result of our research with preschoolers and their parents. We've developed highly effective methods and ways we can make apps and ebooks more engaging to help children learn," said Rosemarie Truglio, Ph.D., Senior Vice President, Education and Research. "We design with parents and caregivers in mind and know that through joint media engagement children learn more and our content has a greater educational impact. In addition, we develop parent tips and have begun to integrate progress trackers as a helpful resource for parents."
The paper also outlines key features for book apps and ebooks such as including reading options with and without narration in ebooks and the ability for parents to turn off potentially distracting hotspots.
Best Practices: Designing Touch Tablet Experiences for Preschoolers is available for download on Sesame Workshop's website at _URL_ The tips on interaction and design outlined in the paper were culled from studies done on Sesame Street and The Electric Company apps designed for tablets and smartphones.
Sesame Workshop is the nonprofit educational organization that revolutionized children's television programming with the landmark Sesame Street. The Workshop produces local Sesame Street programs, seen in over 150 countries, and other acclaimed shows including The Electric Company, to help bridge the literacy gap. Beyond television, the Workshop produces content for multiple media platforms on a wide range of issues including literacy, health and military deployment. Initiatives meet specific needs to help young children and families develop critical skills, acquire healthy habits and build emotional strength to prepare them for lifelong learning. Learn more at _URL_.


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Michigan State University Extension
Preserving Food Safely - 01600734
Some old pickle recipes call for a bluestone to be added to the pickling brine to give the pickles a blue-green color. Bluestone is copper sulfate and is also known as blue vitro. In earlier days, pickles were usually made in metal pans containing copper. They turned a bright bluegreen as the copper ions interacted with the chlorophyll molecules in the pickle. A similar color was sought for pickles brined in enameled pan or crocks, and it wasn't long before copper sulfate, or bluestone, was found to do the job. Since high levels of copper can produce toxicity symptoms in humans, particularly gastrointestinal problems, the use of copper sulfate in pickling should be avoided. Since its only function is to color the pickles, the bluestone can be simply eliminated from the recipe without affecting the overall quality of the final product.


From GIS File Management to DataBase Management with PostgreSQL/PostGIS
PostGIS/PostgreSQL is a very interesting and convenient datawarehouse for hosting an organization's pool of geographic Data:
-Automatic Processes can be performed on the server-side thanks to triggers. It's useful for historization : imagine automatically adding the current date, the user name when inserting / updating data.
-Roles and permissions are easily manageable and more fine-grained and versatile than ACL rights on a server. Whereas server's ACLs only allow you to give or revoke permissions on accessing/reading/writing a file, with PostgreSQL, you can grant privileges on reading (viewing), inserting, updating and deleting values.
Assuming a database is equivalent to a folder and a database table to a GIS File, I'd like to get a database structure which would be as compliant as possible with the initial folder tree structure.
In the next posts, I'll detail two ways to get our database « skeleton », each one leaning on a delimited file with the databases' names. The first way uses a DOS Batch File, the second the ETL (Extract, Transform and Load) software Spatial Data Integrator.
PS: you can transform GIS Files into PostGIS tables, but it's also reversible: you can convert PostGIS Tables into GIS Files.
3 réflexions sur « From GIS File Management to DataBase Management with PostgreSQL/PostGIS »
 1. Hello Venkat,
 A postgresql/postgis database doesn't contain any flat files like shapefiles, mapInfo files and so on…
 A database can be compared to a folder. It contains tables. Tables could be compared to files.
 In a standard system with no relational system: folders and files, informations are spread and not connected to each other.
 In postgreSQL/potsGIS, tables are in one place, linked together and complex queries can be executed throughout them.
 One can't speak of format with tables as they aren't files. Contrary to files, you can't take a table from a database, isolate it on your computer with a copy-paste operation, and then open it with a mapping software.
 I hope it answers your question
 2. salut mathieu
 thanks for your interesting posts so far. as a new gis-user it's really great to get some inputs from people like you. please don't stop posting;-)
 cheers mark
Répondre à marknater Annuler la réponse


One Piece Encyclopedia
One Piece Encyclopedia:Name Spellings
Redirected from Name Spellings
4,209pages on
this wiki
One of the problems sometimes that crops up when using the Japanese naming system is a character will end up with many name spellings.
Why does this happen?Edit
Well, for one Eiichiro Oda does not always supply the correct spelling of a name in English text, in some cases you only see it written in the Japanese text. Sometimes when he does supply the name he will use several variations of the spelling, such as the One Piece money, which has been called both 'Belly' and 'Berry' by Oda. Oda also does not speak English and therefore may occasionally make mistakes himself.
Translators of the raw Japanese manga will often attempt to spell the name, problem is there are sometimes problems with translating from Japanese to English. A good translator will recognise certain Japanese text, such as 'Emiri' are actually how the Japanese are trying to spell the name 'Emily'. A not so good one will take a guess at what they think the name means. Some will take the Japanese text literally as the name without realising it may be the Japanese ways of spelling a non-Japanese word. So 'Emiri' will be translated literally as 'Emiri'.
Usually, most mistranslations are cleared up when the anime airs as the correct pronunciation is revealed. This results in fans of the Japanese version being able to hear clearly for the first time what the name is. However even this is not without problems. Some names sound very close to Japanese words such as 'Chew' sounds like 'Chuu', resulting in more name related errors. Others led to further mistranslations or spelling because of how the Japanese speakers pronounce certain words (example; 'Lice' may end up sounding like 'Rice'). Mostly anime related misspellings are usually made by fan-subbers subbing the series from the Japanese version. Followers of the Fan-sub will then copy, but this is not always the case.
Many spelling mistakes and misnames can be considered no different to art errors made by anime producers when mangaka have yet to produce the actual colours for the character.
Sources for Name ProofEdit
 - Names that appear in the Manga.
 - Names revealed in a SBS
 - Names revealed by the Data Books
 - In the case of Filler characters, if their name is even revealed in the episode/movie/game in Latin text, use that.
 - Shounen Jump magazine itself as a source. There have been reports of mistakes made in the past and confusions with character polls.
 - Merchandise based names, these have been noted to use incorrect names in the past (and even misspellings).
 - Game spellings. Examples exist such as "Flanky" and "Lobin" when the correct names should have been "Franky" and "Robin".
 - Anime spellings. Notably even well estalished names can end up being mispelt (Example; during the Water 7 arc "Nico Robines" can be seen on a wanted poster instead of "Nico Robin").
What examples are there?Edit
There are several, like the following:
 - Jaguar D. Saul; also sometimes is written as Hagawa D. Saulo, Jagaur D. Saulo. As of yet there has been no release of his name in anything but Japanese text.
 - Bon Kurei; Because of how his name sounded in the anime, was known as Bon Clay until his wanted poster revealed his correct name in the manga. Some fans still choose to use "Bon Clay" as it is the name they know him by the most.
 - Chew; In the databook One Piece Red: Grand Characters his name is written as "Chew", however most fans say the similar Japanese word "Chuu" is his name.
For more examples see Name Variants.
How do we Handle this?Edit
Until a English text version of a name is revealed, here on Wikia the most popular version of the name will most likely end up being used. After the true spelling is revealed, if that is incorrect, there will be a redirect set up on the page. All information on the page will be transferred to the correct entries name.
If all else fails, the last thing to use is an English dub version. However, this causes problems. See Japanese Vs English names for more details.
See alsoEdit
Site NavigationEdit
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User Handbook
Around Wikia's network
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Lazy Loading Data with ListBox
The ListBox is a great control for showing users lists of data, even data with lots and lots of rows. But the ListBox, being a UI control, is not meant to also be a container for hundreds of thousands of rows of data. It can take noticeable amount of time to to populate and you end up with your data being duplicated because it exists in both the ListBox and the original source (file, database or other data structure).
One way to avoid this problem is to not actually load all the data at once. This is often a great idea because the user can't actually see all the data at once anyway. So why not only load the data they can actually see?
One way to do this is to use a ScrollBar to track the data the user wants to see and then to only load that data into the ListBox.
To demonstrate this, start by creating a simple class as a container for data. The class structure is like this:
Class ListData
 Property Num As Integer
 Property Value As Double
 Property Desc As String
End Class
On Window1, add a property that is an array of this class:
Data() As ListData
Now on Window1, add two Buttons, a Vertical Scroll Bar and a ListBox. Align the ScrollBar so that it is to the right of the ListBox and the same height and change its Allow Live Scrolling property to True (ON). Change the ListBox to have 3 columns using the Column Count property in the Inspector. In the Open event of the Window add 1 million elements to the Data array:
 For i As Integer = 1 To _PHONE_
 Var d As New ListData
 d.Num = i
 d.Value = Rnd()
 d.Desc = "Testing"
In the Action event of the 1st Button, add this code to load the entire 1 million element array into the ListBox:
Listbox1.HasVerticalScrollbar = True
ScrollBar1.Visible = False
For i As Integer = 0 To Data.LastRowIndex
 Listbox1.AddRow(Data(i).Num.ToString, Data(i).Value.ToString, Data(i).Desc)
Pretty standard stuff. Now in the 2nd Button's Action event add this code, which populates the ListBox only with the first 50 rows:
Listbox1.HasVerticalScrollbar = False
ScrollBar1.Visible = True
ScrollBar1.MinimumValue = 0
ScrollBar1.MaximumValue = Data.LastRowIndex
ScrollBar1.Value = 0
For i As Integer = 0 To 50
Lastly add the ValueChanged event to the ScrollBar with this code, which fetches 50 rows after the value of the ScrollBar:
For i As Integer = Me.Value To Me.Value + 50
 If i <= Data.LastRowIndex Then
 End If
Now go ahead and run the project. Click the first button to see how long it takes to populate the ListBox. It took my computer about 11 seconds. You can scroll around at a reasonable speed, although it's a bit unwieldy with that many rows. Another thing to note is that this uses about 750MB of RAM.
Now click the second button that does the lazy loading. It will show the first bunch of rows instantly. Use the scrollbar to display other rows and you'll see they are also displayed instantly even thought they are not technically in the ListBox. This also uses only about 110MB of RAM.
Now this is just a quick example (download here) and doesn't handle every situation, but you can certainly expand on it as needed. If you'd rather not create this yourself, another option is to try 3rd party ListBox or DataView controls which have this built-in. You can find some on our 3rd Party Product page:


text:
From the outside, a pressure-assist toilet may look like a traditional one but, they function rather differently. The ceramic tank has an air-filled pressure container fitted in it. While a standard toilet uses gravity to flush water through, a pressure-assist toilet uses compressed air. This results in water being forced into the toilet bowl at a much more powerful rate than gravity alone can achieve.
Pressure-assist toilets come with many advantages. For instance, the strong flushing capacity of this type of toilet results in fewer clogs in the system. Plus, it's water efficiency will save gallons of water each year making it much more eco-friendly.
Older homes also benefit from pressure-assisted toilets, this is because the powerful force of the flush helps to push waste through old pipework. Also, due to the tank's design, you will not see a buildup of condensation when the weather is humid. They are also easier to maintain than standard toilets.
Before you start replacing your toilets for pressure assist ones, there are a few things you should be aware of. For example, this type of toilet has a much louder flush than a gravity kind. They can also be more expensive than a standard toilet. You may also find that if your home has low water pressure, a pressure-assist toilet may not work as efficiently because they will need at least 20 to 30 PSI of pressure.


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I am creating a midlet that sends bulk sms web service having a url of this format[USERNAME]&password=[PASSWORD]&from=[SENDER_ID]&to=[SINGLE_RECIPIENT]&message=[MESSAGE_TO_BE_SENT]
this is the method below that sends an SMS, as got from d J2me doc.
How do I encode the above URL into this method to allow for the message to be routed through this web service
public void send() {
 String mReceiver = null;
 // String mPort = null;
 mReceiver= getTextField2().getString();
 String address = "sms://" + mReceiver;
 MessageConnection conn = null;
 try {
// String addr = "sms://" + getTextField3().getString();
 conn = (MessageConnection) Connector.open(address);
 TextMessage msg = (TextMessage)conn.newMessage(MessageConnection.TEXT_MESSAGE);
 } catch (Exception e) {
 switchDisplayable(null, getConfirmation());
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1 Answer 1
up vote 0 down vote accepted
Sending SMS using the phone facilities and using web service are different things. You have to create HTTP connection and surf to URL of your web service using either GET or POST method (according to the documentation of the web service). Example of your URL contains parameters, so I guess you should use GET.
Take the following example _URL_
and modify it as you need.
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Your Answer


text:
The critical clearing angle is defined as the maximum change in the load angle curve before clearing the fault without loss of synchronism. In other words, when the fault occurs in the system the load angle curve begin to increase, and the system becomes unstable. The angle at which the fault becomes clear and the system becomes stable is called critical clearing angle.
When the initial load is given, then there is a critical clearing angle, and if the actual clearing angle exceeds a critical clearing angle, the system becomes unstable otherwise it is stable. Let the curve A represents the power angle curve for a healthy condition; curve B represents the power angle curve for faulty condition and curve C represents the power angle curve after isolation of fault as shown below.
Where γ1 is the ratio of system reactance in healthy condition to that of during the fault and γ2 is the ratio of steady state limit of the system after the isolation of fault and that of system under the initial condition.
For transient stability limit, two areas A1 = A2 or in other words the area under curve adec (rectangle) is equal to the area under the curve da'b'bce.


Denotation vs. Connotation
actual cautery
actual cautery in Medicine
actual cautery ac·tu·al cautery (āk'chōō-əl)
An agent or process, such as electrocautery or a hot iron, that cauterizes tissue using heat and not a chemical means.
The American Heritage® Stedman's Medical Dictionary
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text:
Nagmy, Hemmali (Department of Marketing, Faculty of Economics and Management, Slovak Agricultural University in Nitre)
Zuravlovs, Aleksejs (Faculty of Economics and Management Riga, University of Latvia)
Assessment of the Slovak and Latvian Agriculture from the Point of Plant Production
Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW, Polityki Europejskie, Finanse i Marketing, 2012, vol.7(56), nr, s. 109-119
Agriculture as one of major industries of the national economy is closely connected with the development of the whole country, especially rural regions and food production. Therefore it should be viewed as an important factor of rural development and economic stability of the whole country. The main aim of article is to compare the position of plant production and agriculture in two EU countries: Slovakia and Latvia. Realization of the mentioned objective required the research within the period of the years 2009-2010. We used basic organizational and economic relations and numeric calculations while analyzing and forming the theoretical and practical solutions. According to crop production between Slovakia and Latvia outlines some similarities, the situation was reversed and crops production for most commodities has fallen, particularly in case of cereals, but some separate crops have the various tend. For example in Slovakia case crop production rise of legumes and sugar beet, parallel in Latvia case crop production increase rapidly of buckwheat and rape. In consequence it draws differences in crop production priorities which depends from a large number of different circumstances between two described countries.


A councillor has responded to discussions regarding the possible rebranding of a student owned nightclub and the adjoining alley.
Lancaster University Students' Union have discussed the possibility of changing the name of a popular nightclub which has links to the slave trade.
This could include a change of the Sugarhouse name which union officials say would extend to the nearby Sugar House Alley.
Following discussions between union officers on Friday (September 12) Lancaster City Council have told LancsLive that they would work with any organisation hoping to "decolonise our history."
Councillor Jean Parr, Cabinet member with responsibility for arts, culture, leisure and tourism, said: "As part of the work we are doing with local community groups and the Black History Group to examine the area's connections to slavery and find ways to decolonise our history, we would be very happy to work with any organisations that wish to achieve the same aims."
Sugarhouse club in Lancaster.
Lancaster was once one of the largest trading sites in Britain and was known to have a major stake in the transatlantic slave trade.
It was home to several prominent slave trading families including the Rawlinsons and the Dodsons.
Originally the Sugarhouse nightclub was a processing plant and storage unit founded in 1684 which would have treated sugar imported from the West Indies.
Atree Ghosh, who works as the Students' Union vice president for union development, fears that the club and its name 'treads very close to normalising the atrocities of the slave trade.'
He told LancsLive: "Our union-owned nightclub is still called the Sugarhouse and is situated in the original location of the sugar processing warehouse.
"This connection with the slave trade is never really publicised to students despite it being the core reason behind the name for the venue.
"Discussing a possible name change acknowledges the dark past, and at least attempts to move to a more positive future for a venue that students love.
The student's union could seek to rename the Sugarhouse.
"This is in no way a decision, this is a discussion, we want to hear people's thoughts - without that we can't come to any decision, we want to hear what students think.
"We don't want to make any decision like this behind students backs. We just want to make students aware of the link between Sugarhouse and our history.
"This may result in us doing a remembrance plaque at the club, information explaining its past on our website and one of those options is renaming the club.
"But that will not be done without a referendum."
Lancaster was at the centre of several discussions about its links to the slave trade following worldwide Black Lives Matter protests.
Historian David Starkey was stripped of his honorary degree from the university after making controversial comments, while discussions were held over renaming some of the city's streets and historical buildings.
A gravestone to the Rawlinson family, mass slave traders in the city, was also desecrated by protestors.
Discussions over a possible rebranding of the Sugarhouse were held between several SU officials, including Atree, on Friday (September 11).
"Are we trying to "erase" history? Absolutely not," said the 22-year-old union development vice president.
"Not because it is a history that deserves "celebrating" but because erasing the past of the Sugarhouse is downright insulting to the victims of its past.
"Some students have suggested that renaming the club could make people forget about those links with the past."
Atree admitted that the nearby Sugar House Alley, which houses the nightclub, could also be the subject of a rebrand which lead to the recent comments from Lancaster City Council.


text:
Sprintsin S. M., Fradkin A. M., Sprintsin M. S. Assessment of the Efficiency of the Aleppo Pine Pinus halepensis Mill. Natural Regeneration in the Eastern Mediterranean on Example of Israel
How to cite: Sprintsin S. M.1, Fradkin A. M.1, Sprintsin M. S.2 Assessment of the efficiency of the Aleppo pine Pinus halepensis Mill. natural regeneration in the Eastern Mediterranean on example of Israel // Sibirskij Lesnoj Zurnal (Sib. J. For. Sci.). 2017. N. 2: 3–12 (in Russian with English abstract)
© Sprintsin S. M., A. Fradkin A. M., Sprintsin M. S., 2017
This paper deals with the management of Mediterranean Planted Conifer Forests (MPCF), dominated by the Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis) and the potential for using natural regeneration as a basis for transformation of simply structured even-aged and mono crops plantations into mixed forest. We studied the variation along a rainfall gradient, in the natural regeneration of tree species. The study was conducted in four forests located within the Mediterranean zone of Israel, which extends from the semiarid northern Negev desert (rainfall ca. 300 mm per year) in the south to the humid central region close the coast line (ca 550 mm per year). Standing trees measurements including mean tree height, diameter at breast height, crown width, canopy cover, stand density of the mature strata and the number of saplings and their species composition along with the landscape characteristics (slope, aspect, percentage of rock cover and forest floor light regime) have been performed at randomly established 200 m2 area circular plots. Although a water supply is the main limiting resource for forest growth and productivity, so far no significant relationship between the quantity of regeneration and precipitation could be found. Strong linear correlation between the number of the mature trees and pine's regeneration have been revealed and the detailed management plan of how to support a natural regeneration using a principal of Continues Cover Forestry was suggested for MPCF, including a recommendation for intensity and time of thinning.


Exercise 2 | Forward/Backward Moves & Spins (1-2-Whoosh)
1-2-Whoosh spins within forward/backward moves are a good challenge. They are more challenging than within side moves, yet great for building your stability and balance.
Start with feeling the music, finding its rhythm, and feeling the 1-2-Whoosh within you. When ready, get into your forward/backward moves, 1-2-Whoosh style. Feel poised and encourage your movement to rotate, aka bend. The more general rotation you have the more naturally spins happen.
Now, prepare your spin on the Whoosh of the previous move. Then feel yourself spin on the 1-2 and landing it on the Whoosh. Spinning as you travel straight forward or backward is challenging, so when you spin allow yourself to spin to the side if that feels better.
Incorporate all the elements of movement and use this exercise to solidify your 1-2-Whoosh timing and your stability. Explore and play with your spin possibilities.
Practice with the Spotify playlist and your favorite tunes.
Fun times ahead.


text:
The purpose of this paper is to identify and analyze resources and capabilities that distinguish between traditional, slow born‐global and rapid born‐global micro‐firms.
The study uses multiple case study methodology. Three case studies are presented to compare the internationalization pathways of three French micro‐firms.
The paper emphasizes the importance of leveraging between internal and external resources for rapid internationalization of micro‐firms. The rapid internationalization is driving and facilitated by managerial abilities, innovation and network. The study shows that analysis of micro‐firms in terms of resources and capabilities enhances the understanding of internationalization.
Because it is limited to three case studies, the generalization of findings to a broad sample of French micro‐firms will be needed.
The research suggests that two‐level analysis (i.e. individual level and micro‐firm level) should be considered when examining rapid internationalization. Micro‐firm top managers need to be aware of the importance of developing internal resources to facilitate incorporation of new external resources. Their experience and expertise in addition to the micro‐firm's innovation capacity or reputation can be used to expand rapidly abroad.
The distinction between traditional, slow born‐global and rapid born‐global French micro‐firms in terms of resources and capabilities makes this study original.
Hermel, P. and Khayat, I. (2011), "The role of resources: micro‐firms internationalization in the French context", Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, Vol. 18 No. 2, pp. 298-310. _URL_
Emerald Group Publishing Limited
Copyright © 2011, Emerald Group Publishing Limited


text:
Cascading StyleSheet (CSS) Link Text Formatting in NetObjects Fusion
When you add a link to some existing CSS-formatted text, you might get unexpected formatting results. For best results, set only color properties for CSS link styles.
Check your CSS link formatting settings in two places:
- Style View, Text tab, and
- Page View, on the Menu select Text, Edit Text Styles.
In each of those areas, set only the desired color. Leave all other settings on "Automatic." Why?
- If you define a font size for link text, the link style font size will override the font size of the page text when you make a link in your page.
- This behavior is probably NOT what you want.
To check your link style settings for each possible CSS style level, in Page View's Text Styles dialog, check all the available Scope settings. If you do that, you will get no odd formatting with text links.
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text:
It looks like a simple text area, but the Sequel Ace Query view is as powerful as your favorite text editor. Write queries like a boss!
The Query Favourites are a powerful feature that makes it easy to rerun saved queries or to write dynamic and customizable reusable queries. Learn more about Query Favorites …
A tab trigger is used as keyboard shortcut to insert the corresponding query favorite into the Custom Query Editor. It can contain any alphanumeric character but no spaces or punctuation signs.
A tab snippet represents an insertion point of the cursor within a query favorite. To navigate through defined tab snippets use


Learning Tools
Myth/Fact Sheets
The Holocaust Deniers Say:
What we know about the destruction of teeth by fire
 - After 30 minutes in fires with temperatures of 752 degrees Fahrenheit (400 degrees Celsius) the front teeth are totally destroyed. The molars (the grinding teeth in the back of the mouth) start to crack.
 - At between 45 and 70 minutes in fires with temperatures between 1832 degrees Fahrenheit (1000 degrees Celsius) and 2012 degrees Fahrenheit (1100 degrees Celsius), all the teeth are totally carbonized. 3
 - In a civilian crematorium furnace, a temperature between 1400 to 2100 degrees Fahrenheit (760 to 1150 degrees Celsius) is generated to ensure the disintegration of the remains. Even then teeth and some bones are still intact and are crushed in a machine. 4
Have teeth been found in the camps?
 - Polish judicial authorities performed excavations on the site in October 1945. They dug nine holes or trenches in the area believed to the extermination part of the camp. They found "... a large number of human bones... such as skulls, parts of skulls, vertebrae, ribs, collarbones, shoulder blades, arm bones, lower legs, wrists, fingers, pelvic bones, thigh bones, lower legs and foot bones. Some of the bones mentioned are either partly burnt or had not been burnt at all... From the size of the various bones one can conclude that they belong to persons of different age groups, from two-year-olds up to very old people, as borne out by toothless jaws and numerous dentures. Among the jawbones found there was one partially burnt specimen containing milk teeth as well as incipient permanent teeth, which indicates that it belongs to a person 7 to 8 years of age." 5
 - Andrezj Kola, together with a team of professionals, drilled 2,000 core samples throughout the area of the camp in Belzec in 1997 and 1998. He found 33 mass graves filled with whole bodies, parts of bodies (some burned, others not) and huge areas of human ash, bone remnants, and wood ash. It is reasonable to believe that some of the ash and bone remnants are probably the remains of teeth although Kola did not identify them separately. 6
 - Most of the teeth would have been destroyed in the fires and the rest would have been pretty well crushed. Their presence today is indeterminable from the rest of the human ashes in the graves.
 - The few whole teeth that would have gotten through the burning and pulverization process are scattered across or buried under acres of land. Finding them in the thousands of tons of human and wood ash would be purely accidental.
 - The research of forensic dentists-whose business it is to know precisely what happens to teeth in fire conditions-shows that exactly the opposite of the Holocaust deniers' claims are true. In fires with temperatures high enough to cremate bodies, most of the teeth are destroyed. Any remaining teeth that did not burn are weakened and so are more easily ground to dust.
 - The Holocaust deniers did not do their research-or if they did they ignored it-preferring instead to trumpet the alleged damage to the "Holohoax" that the spectacular image of 55 million teeth missing from the grounds and mass graves of the Operation Reinhard camps provides.
 - The intact teeth of 1.8 million murdered Jews in the three camps of Operation Reinhard cannot be found because they are part of the deep layers of human ash in the mass graves or are scattered or were dumped into local rivers and ponds.
1. See NAFCASH website at.
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text:
Eucalyptus Longhorned Borers
Recommended Steps to Control Eucalyptus Long-horned Borers
If caught early enough, immediately apply Multi-Insect Killer Tree Injection Kit to the tree. This insecticide is injected directly into the tree's vascular system and is released quickly to help kill insects already inside the vascular system.
To prevent Eucalyptus Long-horned borer attacks, in the areas where the insect is active, there are a number of steps that can be taken to reduce the chances of a harmful attack. In the early spring, treating the tree with Once-A-Year Insecticidal Drench w/Merit helps protect the tree's vascular system. This treatment can be supplemented by regularly spraying the tree's trunk with a good dosage of Borer-Miner Killer (every three to three weeks), thus creating a barrier to reduce further insect penetration through the bark.
The good news is that healthy and well-maintained trees are normally more resistant to the Eucalyptus Long-horned Borer, as well as less of a target. Trees under stress are more likely to be borer targets, so it is important to ensure that Eucalyptus trees receive adequate water. To help ensure that a tree is healthy, apply a TreeHelp Annual Care Kit for Eucalyptus in the spring or early summer which contain the appropriate fertilizer and mycorrhizal treatment to support the functioning of the root system.


The Hanse-Wissenschaftskolleg (HWK) is a non-profit foundation, incorporated under German civil law by the German federal states of Lower Saxony and Bremen and by the City of Delmenhorst. It is located in the Northwest of Germany, close to the city of Bremen. Its primary goal is to support and to inspire excellent and innovative research across disciplinary borders. It offers junior and senior scholars of all ages and nationalities the opportunity to concentrate on research projects without the distraction of routine commitments and to gain insights from other disciplines and other scientific traditions. Fellows have the opportunity to cooperate with colleagues at neighboring universities (i.e. Bremen and Oldenburg) and research institutes in the region. This allows HWK to offer laboratory space for scientists from the natural sciences. Weekly fellow lectures followed by dinner, between 70 and 100 conferences and workshops per year that cover all HWK research areas and lots of informal meetings and events create a lively intellectual environment.
Scientific Priorities
HWK concentrates on four broad research fields:Brain, earth, energy, society. Dedicated to interdisciplinary dialogue HWK promotes projects that seek to explore interrelations between its four research fields.
HWK encourages projects that explore interdisciplinary research questions. Within these areas any excellent application is most welcome. There is no advance exclusion of any specific scientific discipline.
In addition, HWK hosts an art program the strengthens dialogue between humanities, science, and the arts, literature included.
Premises and Facilities
21 fully-furnished and comfortable apartments for singles, couples and families are provided for the Fellows. The lobby, the lounge, a lecture hall, a fireplace and fitness facilities offer space for academic, cultural and social activities.
Language classes and extracurricular activities for Fellows and their families help to ease integration. Fellows have their own library with direct access to the university libraries; free interlibrary loan service is also available. Several cars and public transport tickets ensure convenient access to the regional universities and research institutes.
Lehmkuhlenbusch 4
27753 Delmenhorst
link+49 4221 9160-100


text:
What is the Keep?
The Keep, the site of Bermuda Maritime Museum, was the citadel or
great fortress of the Dockyard defences. It is a six-acre fort,
with seven irregular bastions, named 'A' to 'G',
designed to protect the Dockyard from enemy attack. The lower grounds
of the Keep contain large Sea Service stores, which in 1857 comprised
two bombproof magazines for 6,540 barrels of powder, a shell store,
a filling room and a shifting house. Lighters, or small boats, were
dispatched from the Keep Pond to serve the fleet at anchor in Grassy
Bay. Lighters would provide ships with munitions from the Keep stores,
or safely remove munitions from ships under repair in the Dockyard.
How is the Museum funded?
The Museum is a non-governmental, not-for-profit charity (Bermuda Charity No. 136), meaning
the institution depends on private and corporate donations, membership
dues, admissions, and events rentals.
How many visitors does the Museum receive?
There are approximately 50,000 visitors to the Museum annually,
making it Bermuda's most visited Museum attraction.
How many objects are in the Museum's collections?
There are more than 30,000 objects in the Museum's diverse
collections, including photographs, documents, plans, books, oral
testimonies, archaeological specimens, boats, ship models, and a
wide range of maritime artifacts.
Where do the Museum's collections come from?
The Museum's impressive collections are mainly donations from
the public and institutions, while some come from archaeological
How long have the dolphins been at the Museum?
Dolphin Quest has operated out of the Keep with its dolphins resident
in the protected waters of the Keep Pond since September 1999, when
Hurricane Gert destroyed the Dolphin Quest habitat at the Fairmont
Southampton Princess Hotel.
Why are there sheep on the upper grounds of the Museum?
The sheep you'll encounter are our trusty lawnmowers. They
trim all the grass and vegetation on the Upper Grounds year-round.
The flock is Katahdin sheep, a special breed that requires no shearing.
Local farmer Bascome of Westover Farm in Somerset manages the flock.
Please do not try to follow, touch, or feed the sheep as they are
extremely timid creatures and scare very easily!
Does the Museum manage the entire historic Royal Naval Dockyard site?
The Museum manages the Keep, while the West End Development Corporation manages the majority of the remainder of the Dockyard site.