Sunday, March 16, 2008
Phrases To Impress
Yes thanks for the comment, Ninja, that repetition can drive you crazy. In fact, since I have been learning cantonese, I have found myself, at times, speaking cantonese (subconsciously) to myself and even talking to people in cantonese who are not chinese and do not understand any Cantonese!!! I have also found my normal everyday English suffering due to the different grammatical structures. Maybe these are the signs of my impending insanity - all caused, as you say, by constant repetition!
My summary of the whole situation is this: "Cantonese is freakin damn difficult! It is POOP CAY! All I can say is take your time! Try learning a few words each conversation you have. Furthermore, try learning some phrases that will quickly impress even though you have minimal knowledge of useful words. This later advice is for the person who just wants to impress others without the pain of having to learn alot of cantonese. I can only try to relate to such a person!!!! (please note the sarcasm of the previous statement!)
Ok now for some of these canto phrases:
1. Hou sum jok lui peck = good heart gets struck by lightning
(means something like: "There is no point doin good deeds, they're never appreciated anyway!" or "Do a good deed and get slapped in the face for it!")
2. Leng doh bao keng = so pretty the mirror shatters
Leng doh lau howl sou = so pretty i'm drooling
Leng doh pung pang seng = so pretty (bang bang) - I think the pung pang is a gunshot sound?
*basically all these phrases mean the same thing 'your so pretty!'
3. Bowl dinn waa chook = simmering telephone porridge
(porridge takes a long time to cook and hence I think this saying means "you are talking forever on the phone")
4. Hou loi mow kin = long time no see (lit.)
5. Whats wrong? = Mei si a?
6. Whats up? = Dim a?
7. Say something! = Gong ye la (it follows mei si a really well)
8. Don't worry = M gan yiew (to be used in normal situations - lit means 'not important')
9. Don't worry = Fong sum (lit. means let go of heart burden - prob use this one when more emotions are involved to reassure someone)
10. Forget about it = Shun a
11. Excuse me = M hou yee see a (lit. means 'has no meaning')
12. Have no time = Mow si garn
13. Whatever! = See Darn a! (shrug your shoulders for full effect!)
14. You're Crazy! = Nei chee sinn
15. Silly Girl/Boy! = Sorr Lui/Chay
Monday, February 18, 2008
Working like a Dog
Hello pung yaus, this lesson is for all of you out there who is working for the man! (or woman)
Gee lately I've been flat out at work - my day comprises of keeping other people happy (doctors, nurses, relatives, patients, relatives etc. How did our lives become this? We used to be nomadic barbarians who hunted and gathered, living our lives in freedom. But now we've evolved into some office sitting, coffee sipping, computer typing, telephone answering, photocopying, paperworking people!!
There is one good thing about this daily repetitious working lifestyle - "repetition" will make it easier for us to learn the cantonese words that describe our jobs! Sorry thats the only positive thing I can think of with respect to the repetitive nature of our occupations - unless your saving the world (e.g. you're working towards a cure for cancer and you've almost got it).
So here are today's words:
Working like a dog = jou do ho si ge jek gou a!!!
Boss, what are you talking about? = lau ban / lau xay, nei gong mut ye a?
I don't like Mondays = bai yut (then shake head and sigh) - all about attitude here :)
I looooooooove Fridays = bai m a!!! (YAY! and have a huge grin :)
I want to go home = ngo seung faan 'ook kei' (home)
I feel sick = ngo yau beng (I am sick)
I need a beer = ngo seung yum b chau
I need alcohol = ngo seung yum chau (hong chau = red wine, baak jau = white wine)
I NEEEED a coffee = ngo SUI YIEW yum ka fe a!
Hospital = yi yuen
Crazy Patient = beng yun
Crazy Relatives (of patients) = beng yun ge 'ook kei yun' (family)
Physiotherapist = mut li che liu si
Nurse = woo si
Pharmacist = yerk si
Computer = diin noow
Telephone = diin wa
Receptionist = bei shoo
I hope I win the lottery = ngo hei mong ngo wooi jong 'look hap choi' (lottery) la!
See you tomorrow = teng yut kin
Bye Bye = 'joi kin' or 'bai bai'
Saturday, February 16, 2008
Nice stuff to say to the ladies
Thanks Tuey for your inquiry of how to say biattttchh!! Well normally i'm not one to swear but when learning a new language I think it essential to know a few back up words - cos ppl gonna swear at you behind your back and at least you can know that and say "nei hay ba po" which means "you are a bitch".
Nah seriously today's lesson is about compliments and non-compliments (i.e. put downs). I think theses are essential for getting along with people and thats what i'm about - but its also good to have a few negative compliments for those people who deserve it.
So here's a few random phrases for you to ponder:
hou leng = good looking (you can extend the houuuuuuuuuuuuuu to add more emphasis)
m cho = not bad
mow cho = your right
hou hern = smell good
hou sik = delicious
waaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa = woooooh mamaaaaaaa
leng lui = pretty girl
ngo hou pung yau = my good friend
lui pung yau = my girlfriend
ngo tai tai = my wife
nei chee sinn = you're crazy
gee see = selfish
ba po = (dont say this!)
xxxxxx = learn it yourself
Chaps concentrate on the positives and all will go well with you!
Choi Kin Leng Lui, Leng Chays
Friday, February 15, 2008
Beef Noodle Soup - Pho
Leng lui, leng chays - dim a?
Before we get started on new words, I just want to respond to the comment that "conversation is the best way to learn cantonese (thanks Ninja ba po!)"
I totally agree but add that repetition is important so as you are practicing the language you will need to write down the words you learn - and what better way than via alphabetical pinyin - if anyone can think of a better way of recording new words then I am definitely open to suggestions!
Now onto today's topic: eating pho (beef noodle soup) - one of my favourite past times! So what words would I need to know when eating out somewhere in Hong Kong?
1. Ngo siew yiew yum kafe m goi? I need a coffee please
2. Yut gor pho m goi? One bowl of pho please
3. Li gor hou sik! This is delicious
4. Ngo bow! I am full
5. Ngo yi ga hoi sum! I am happy (content) now!
Other useful words:
ping go jup = apple juice
chang jup = orange juice
cha = tea
b chau = beer
chau = wine
kafe = coffee
Choi kin my pung yaus (friends)!
Leng Chay, Leng Lui
Hello my name is Phil and this is my blog about the journey of learning Cantonese from scratch.
Firstly let me introduce myself - I am Australian and English is my first language. My motivation to learn Cantonese is so that I can speak to my sister and her family in Hong Kong. As a English speaker, I have to say that learning Cantonese is difficult. What has helped me the most is writing down Cantonese words in a form of "pinyin" alphabetical language - and although there seems to be no official pinyin for Cantonese, I believe it is good practice to write down what you hear and the only way I can do that is via a made-up pinyin. Anyway - you choose for yourself whether such a technique will help you.
The first words I have learned in Cantonese is Leng Chay and Leng Lui which means 'handsome' and 'beautiful' respectively. These words are very common greetings in Hong Kong and can be used in as alternatives to normal address like Mr, Mrs, Ms etc. For example, "leng chay, can i have a glass of sou (water) m goi (please)".


text:
by Richard Prior
The Roe Deer is the first comprehensive book in English covering the biology, reproduction and behaviour of this beautiful animal and its place in modern Britain. It is the essence of a lifetime's experience in the management and conservation of the species, written in layman's terms with extensive references for students. A detailed bibliography is included.
Throughout, the author's deep understanding and affection for the species makes this a book which can be read equally for instruction or pleasure by anyone concerned with deer and the world they inhabit.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


How to set the ARP cache timeout in Juniper Firewalls
If you want to set the ARP cache timeout in Screen OS Firewalls use the following procedure
Procedure to follow
First you need to login in to your juniper firewall with SSH once you logged in run the following command
get config | inc arp
If the output generates nothing, then the ARP age is set to the default value of 20 minutes. To set this timeout value, use the set arp age command, along with the number of seconds. For example, the following command will set the ARP cache timeout to 120 seconds:
set arp age 120
Make sure to save this change by using the save command; else it will be reverted, when the firewall is rebooted.
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Hindi/Urdu: baiThnaa vs. baiTh jaana or baiTh lenaa
Discussion in 'Indo-Iranian Languages' started by eskandar, Oct 4, 2013.
 1. eskandar
 eskandar Moderator
 English (US)
 What are the semantic differences between these three verbs? My feeling is that while baiThnaa is the basic verb, baiTh jaana conveys motion ("to go sit") and baiTh lenaa would be equivalent to the English "to take a seat". Have I understood correctly?
 It also seems to me that, for example, baiTh jaa'o would be a more direct (maybe even more forceful?) command ("go sit down!") compared to baiTh lo ("take a seat"). Is that right?
 Finally, I would appreciate recommendations for a good (preferably somewhat comprehensive) source for these types of compound verbs in Hindi/Urdu. Dictionaries typically offer only the simple verb form, so aside from listening to contextual use it's hard to know when to say X karo vs. X kar lo or what have you, and I fear that my over-reliance on simple (non-compund) verbs makes my speech sound stilted.
 2. Qureshpor Senior Member
 Punjabi, Urdu پنجابی، اردو
 eskandar SaaHib "baiThnaa" on its own means both "to sit" and "to sit down". The "jaanaa" in "baiTh jaanaa" to the best of my understanding has not to do with the person going from A to B but (possibly) his stature going from a sanding position to a seated position. Therefore, if my logic is correct,"baiTh jaanaa" is a more emphatic form of "baiThnaa". Let's use a couple of very simple sentences.
 e-SaaHib yahaaN baiThiye
 e-SaaHib yahaaN baiTh jaa'iye
 To me, the latter gives not only more emphasis to the act of sitting but also it seems politer than just saying "baiThiye".
 I am not aware of "baiTh lenaa" but for the causative "biThaanaa", one has "biThaa lenaa/denaa".
 B. SaaHib ne e-SaaHib ko apne paas biThaa liyaa aur kuchh raaz-daarii kii baateN karne lage!
 A. SaaHib ne Lakhnau kii sair karaane kii xaatir hameN ek sunsaan kuuche meN biThaa diyaa aur xud nah jaane kahaaN Ghaa'ib ho ga'e!
 Platts does go into compound verbs but I am not aware of a book on compound verbs as such. Any good grammar book covers this aspect of Urdu and Hindi.
 Last edited by a moderator: Oct 6, 2013
 3. marrish
 marrish Senior Member
 اُردو Urdu
 eskandar SaaHib, jaanaa in these verbal forms does not relate to motion (go and...). They need not be translated by parsing them. They cover an aspect of a verb, that is completion. They do provide an emphatic tone and while I agree with QP SaaHib's remarks, suppose I am shouting baiTho! it will not have this effect when I shout baiTh jaa'o! The stress is on jaa'o. I imagine it, in the terms of language, as... baiTh[e hu'e ho ]jaa'o, equivalent to become seated - the action should be completed.
 khaanaa khaa'o - can mean both do start eating or eat it up
 khaanaa khaa jaa'o means eat your food up.
 You cannot parse it and translate, like in '' maiN uTh baiThaa''. May I ask you how you understand this sentence?
 4. eskandar
 eskandar Moderator
 English (US)
 Thanks, both of you.
 I thought I had heard "baiTh lo" used but perhaps I misheard. (Is anyone else familiar with this compound?)
 Thanks QP SaaHib, I found an overview in Schmidt's "Urdu: An Essential Grammar" which was useful but not as comprehensive as I'd like.
 That's a very helpful way of thinking about it, thank you marrish SaaHib.
 If I understand it correctly, it's idiomatic and means "I got up/sat up". So your point is well-taken that I should similarly understand "baiTh jaana" as a single unit of meaning and not parse it according to its individual parts.
 5. Faylasoof Senior Member
 Plato's Republic
 English (UK) & Urdu (Luckhnow), Hindi
 eskandar Sb. as has been conveyed to you the term jaanaa here doesn't imply / indicate motion but is a more emphatic means of saying something and it also has nothing to do with a change in stature from standing to sitting position!
 We also say khaa / k_haa jaanaa (to devour; eat / consume (destructively).) instead of khaanaa /k_haanaa (verb, to eat), naaraaDh (ناراض) ho jaanaa, bigaR (بگڑ) jaanaa, etc. etc.
 6. eskandar
 eskandar Moderator
 English (US)
 Shukriya Faylasoof SaaHib. (Albatta jaise aap ko ma3luum hai, yahaaN, aap kaa vaTan meiN, maTlab shehr-i-Lucknow meiN, jis ke andar fi'l-Haal ham Urduu paRh rahe haiN, "baiThiye / baiTh jaa'iye" ke bejaa "tashriif rakhiye" bhii sunii jaatii hai! ;))
 7. Qureshpor Senior Member
 Punjabi, Urdu پنجابی، اردو
 ^ eskandar SaaHib, ho saktaa hai lakhnau vaale kuchh yuuN kaheN..
 albattah jaise aap ko ma3luum hai, yahaaN aap ke vatan meN, ya3nii shahr-i-lakhnau meN, jahaaN fi_lHaal ham Urdu siikh rahe haiN, vahaaN "baiThiye/baiTh jaa'iye" ke ba-jaa'e "tashriif rakhiye" balkih "tashriif farmaa'iye" ziyaadah sun_ne meN aataa hai.
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Picture Placeholders are a great way to add images to presentations, while maintaining a consistent placement, size and style. Since the picture formatting is defined on a Slide Layout within the template, it's easy to insert new pictures without having to realign, resize or edit styles.
Did you know that Picture Placeholders can be easily transformed into any of the pre-defined shapes in PowerPoint?
In Slide Master View, select a Slide Layout with a Picture Placeholder (or Insert Layout and Insert Placeholder, Picture). Select the Picture Placeholder, click the Drawing Tools Format tab, Edit Shape, Change Shape and choose any shape from the gallery. Tip: drag the adjustment handle (yellow diamond) to refine the shape by making corners smaller, modifying an angle or arrowhead).
But what if you want a specific shape that doesn't exist in the gallery?
With PowerPoint 2010, you can edit Picture Placeholders to create very unique, custom shapes. There are a couple ways to accomplish this.
In Slide Master View, select a Picture Placeholder, click the Drawing Tools Format tab, Edit Shape, Change Shape and choose a shape from the gallery. Tip: a rectangle is a good choice to start, but you can select any shape that is closest to your desired final result.
Click Edit Shape again, then Edit Points. Right-click on any point or segment to begin adjusting the Placeholder. Note: this works in PowerPoint 2007, too!
With PowerPoint 2010, it's much faster to edit Picture Placeholders by using the Combine Shapes commands. These commands allow you to quickly create custom forms by merging shapes together, intersecting them, or by deleting a portion of one shape from another.
To access this command, you must add it to the Quick Access Toolbar, located above the File tab. To customize the Quick Access Toolbar, do the following:
1. Click the arrow next to the Quick Access Toolbar, and then under Customize Quick Access Toolbar click More Commands.
2. In the PowerPoint Options dialog box, in the Choose commands from list, select All Commands.
3. In the list of commands, click Combine Shapes, and then click Add.
Again, you must change the shape of the Picture Placeholder prior to editing. In Slide Master View, select a Picture Placeholder, click the Drawing Tools Format tab, Edit Shape, Change Shape and choose a shape from the gallery.
Next, draw shapes that you will add to, or subtract from, the Picture Placeholder shape. In the example, I've drawn circles on top of each corner.
Select the Picture Placeholder, then one of the new shapes and choose either the Shape Subtract or Shape Union command from the QAT. Repeat this step for all other shapes.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Mini Light Bar - Small in Size But Big In Performance
by：JINCHU 2020-06-18
A mini light bar is quite compact normally cost under $300. It comes good not just for smaller cop vehicles but also for the bigger ones particularly budget is one of your concerns. These mini light bars make sure that you have a powerful emergency warning signal that can be relied upon. The main issue with a mini bar is its smaller size can mean lesser array of features and a less powerful warning signal. However, what mini bars miss in terms of number LED elements, they more than make up with good technology and optical enhancements. One of extra impressive features in the mini light bar is the utilization of advanced modern technology such as ROC LED technology, total internal reflection technology and light house optics, which help you make the most of this lighting. The technology helps you in maximising the lighting out from the LED elements, sometimes providing good therapy of the various light beam parameters and extending the beam far and wide. The use of optic spreading filters for example, can be useful for expanding the beam on either direction, horizontally and up and down. There are slide in and double Fresnel lenses which are present to help enhance the quality of the beam, ensuring that it travels farther and wider without much dispersion. A mini light bar can also provide 360-degree light distribution, uniformly in all directions. You can come up a bar that includes a pair of LED light strobes with a diamond mirror installed in between them. In other cases, there are LED elements which are beautifully placed in the parabolic centre of chrome or aluminium deflectors. This helps to ensure that the light emanation from the LED elements is collected and then deflected in an outwardly direction. There both are coloured as well as white LEDs of different sizes used in mini bars. Some mini bars have a grouping of 5mm LEDs which usually are used to offer the lighting. The 1, 2 or 5 Watt LEDs are utilized in modules of 4 or 8. Gen III LEDs moved to such small modules provide bright and effective lighting without taking too much disk space. Coloured lenses can provide the chances to flash a multi-coloured beam that can grab the attention with greater potency. A mini light bar with dual coloured LEDs, lenses or filters with flash patterns incorporated in without the requirement of an external flasher, can be greatly efficient in sending across a powerful warning signal. The mini bar and smaller in size can be mounted with ease with the help of swivel brackets or stainless steel ties. It is possible to synchronize the flash patterns belonging to the mini bar with another dash light or deck light bar for a more effective warning point. There are light bars which come without any dark spots or shadows. Some mini bars along with as many as 20 flash patterns, along with default patterns that can be easily operated, through pattern selection push button switches.
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text:
Science club lesson plans
Scientell developed a series of hands-on activities for students on atmospheric science and weather.
Central Highlands Science Centre
Primary and secondary school students, instructors and teachers
The Central Highlands Science Centre (CHSC) in Emerald, Queensland, provides a program of science experiments for primary school students.
Scientell produced detailed lesson plans and hands-on activities for the CHSC Science Club, including run sheets, resource lists, student experiment handouts, instructor notes and storyboards. The experiments included 'Why is the sky blue', 'Cloud in a bottle', 'Tornado in a bottle', 'Solar cooker', 'Do-it-yourself rainbow', 'Polarised light', 'The water cycle' and 'Wet sweat'.
Atmospheric science was one of a number of CHSC Science Club lessons featuring hands-on, entertaining activities that use easy to obtain resources from around the home or other materials that can be recycled from, or donated by, local businesses and organisations.


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Select the Drive that you wish to use, such as J: and type your server name (always starts with \\; i.e. \\nas\home\john.doe) into the Folder field. Be sure Reconnect at logon is checked so you will be reconnected to this drive back whenever you restart your computer. Click on Finish.
In the User name field, type GALLAUDET\ then your username. In the Password field, type your password. The user name and password should be based on your Bison account. Click on OK.
You can access your folders and files by opening Computer (same as step #1) and selecting the J: drive (or the drive letter you picked).


If you want to change your password, you can do so from your Smartbnb account settings.
To change your password, use the following steps:
 1. Go to Settings
 2. Click on Preferences
 3. Click on Security
 4. Enter your current password
 5. Enter your new password
 6. Enter your new password again
 7. Click on Save changes
Your password must be at least 8 characters.
We strongly recommend using a different password than any other account, especially any channels that are associated with your connected booking channels.
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Archive for February, 2012
Counting and Solving Final Fantasy XIII-2's Clock Puzzles
February 6th, 2012
Final Fantasy XIII-2 is a role-playing game, released last week in North America, that contains an abundance of mini-games. One of the more interesting mini-games is the "clock puzzle", which presents the user with N integers arranged in a circle, with each integer being from 1 to \lfloor N/2 \rfloor.
A challenging late-game clock puzzle with N = 12
The way the game works is as follows:
To demonstrate the rules in action, consider the following simple example with N = 6 (I have labelled the six positions 05 in blue for easy reference):
If we start by choosing the 1 in position 1, then we have the option of choosing the 3 in either position 0 or 2. Let's choose the 3 in position 0. Three moves either clockwise or counter-clockwise from here both give the 1 in position 3, so that is our only possible next choice. We continue on in this way, going through the N = 6 positions in the order 103425, as in the following image:
We have now selected each position exactly once, so we are done – we solved the puzzle! In fact, this is the unique solution for the given puzzle.
Counting Clock Puzzles
Let's work on determining how many different clock puzzles there are of a given size. As mentioned earlier, a clock puzzle with N positions has an integer in the interval [1, \lfloor N/2 \rfloor] in each of the positions. There are thus \lfloor N/2 \rfloor^N distinct clock puzzles with N positions, which grows very quickly with N – its values for N = 1, 2, 3, … are given by the sequence 0, 1, 1, 16, 32, 729, 2187, 65536, 262144, … (A206344 in the OEIS).
However, this rather crude count of the number of clock puzzles ignores the fact that some clock puzzles have no solution. To illustrate this fact, we present the following simple proposition:
Proposition. There are unsolvable clock puzzles with N positions if and only if N = 4 or N ≥ 6.
To prove this proposition, first note that the clock puzzles for N = 2 or N = 3 are trivially solvable, since each number in the puzzle is forced to be \lfloor N/2 \rfloor = 1. The 32 clock puzzles in the N = 5 case can all easily be shown to be solvable via computer brute force (does anyone have a simple or elegant argument for this case?).
In the N = 4 case, exactly 3 of the 16 clock puzzles are unsolvable:
To complete the proof, it suffices to demonstrate an unsolvable clock puzzle for each N ≥ 6. To this end, we begin by considering the following clock puzzle in the N = 6 case:
The above puzzle is unsolvable because the only way to reach position 0 is to select it first, but from there only one of positions 2 or 4 can be reached – not both. This example generalizes in a straightforward manner to any N ≥ 6 simply by adding more 1's to the bottom: it will still be necessary to choose position 0 first, and then it is impossible to reach both position 2 and position N-2 from there.
There doesn't seem to be an elegant way to count the number of solvable clock puzzles with N positions (which is most likely related to the apparent difficulty of solving these puzzles, which will be discussed in the next section), so let's count the number of solvable clock puzzles via brute force. Simply constructing each of the \lfloor N/2 \rfloor^N clock puzzles and determining which of them are solvable (via the MATLAB script linked at the end of this post) shows that the number of solvable clock puzzles for N = 1, 2, 3, … is given by the sequence 0, 1, 1, 13, 32, 507, 1998, 33136, 193995, … (A206345 in the OEIS).
This count of puzzles is perhaps still unsatisfying, though, since it counts puzzles that are simply mirror images or rotations of each other multiple times. Again, there doesn't seem to be an elegant counting argument for enumerating the solvable clock puzzles up to rotation and reflection, so we compute this sequence by brute force: 0, 1, 1, 4, 8, 72, 236, 3665, 19037, … (A206346 in the OEIS).
Solving Clock Puzzles
Clock puzzles are one of the most challenging parts of Final Fantasy XIII-2, and with good reason: they are a well-studied graph theory problem in disguise. We can consider each clock puzzle with N positions as a directed graph with N vertices. If position N contains the number M, then there is a directed edge going from vertex N to the vertices M positions clockwise and counter-clockwise from it. In other words, we consider a clock puzzle as a directed graph on N vertices, where the directed edges describe the valid moves around the circle.
The directed graph corresponding to the earlier (solvable) N = 6 example
The problem of solving a clock puzzle is then exactly the problem of finding a directed Hamiltonian path on the associated graph. Because finding a directed Hamiltonian path in general is NP-hard, this seems to suggest that solving clock puzzles might be as well. There of course is the problem that the directed graphs relevant to this problem have very special structure – in particular, every vertex has outdegree ≤ 2, and the graph has a symmetry property that results from clockwise/counter-clockwise movement allowed in the clock puzzles.
The main result of [1] shows that the fact that the outdegree of each vertex is no larger than 2 is no real help: finding directed Hamiltonian paths is still NP-hard given such a promise. However, the symmetry condition seems more difficult to characterize in graph theoretic terms, and could potentially be exploited to produce a fast algorithm for solving these puzzles.
Regardless of the problem's computational complexity, the puzzles found in the game are quite small (N ≤ 13), so they can be easily solved by brute force. Attached is a MATLAB script (solve_clock.m) that can be used to solve clock puzzles. The first input argument is a vector containing the numeric values in each of the positions, starting from the top and reading clockwise. By default, only one solution is computed. To compute all solutions, set the second (optional) input argument to 1.
The output of the script is either a vector of positions (labelled 0 through N-1, with 0 referring to the top position, 1 referring to one position clockwise from there, and so on) describing an order in which you can visit the positions to solve the puzzle, or 0 if there is no solution.
For example, the script can be used to find our solution to the N = 6 example provided earlier:
>> solve_clock([3,1,3,1,2,3])
ans =
 1 0 3 4 2 5
Similarly, the script can be used to find all four solutions [Update, October 1, 2013: Whoops, there are six solutions! See the comments.] to the puzzle in the screenshot at the very top of this post:
>> solve_clock([6,5,1,4,2,1,6,4,2,1,5,2], 1)
ans =
 3 7 11 9 10 5 4 2 1 8 6 0
 7 3 11 9 10 5 4 2 1 8 6 0
 9 10 5 4 2 3 7 11 1 8 6 0
 9 8 10 5 4 2 3 7 11 1 6 0
 1. J. Plesnik. The NP-completeness of the Hamiltonian cycle problem in planar digraphs with degree bound two. Inform. Process. Lett., 8:199–201, 1979.


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This Housing LIN report explores the potential for almshouses to play a greater role in offering housing for vulnerable older people. Almshouse charities face challenges and opportunities in delivering specialist accommodation and improvements to existing housing.
The paper gives examples of successful developments, and governance and management initiatives that have helped transform almshouse provision to meet housing need and complement local strategies for housing, care and support. Set out in three parts, it explains:
- the distinctive characteristics of almshouses and what they can offer locally
- how progressive almshouses are adapting to enable them to off appropriate housing in the 21st century, and
- develops exciting ideas for the future of the almshouse movement


text:
The aim of the study is to reveal the effect of digital comics material on students'
academic success, their views on distance education, course and digital comics.
In the study conducted during the 2019-2020 academic year and the pandemic,
digital comics material was created in the Pixton design program for the aim of
the acquisition of "different management styles in terms of basic principles of
democracy," in the learning area of active citizenship in the 6th grade Social
Studies curriculum. It is known that the comic book, which has no time and place
limits, provides easy and fast access to information, prepared within the
framework of distance education, provides motivation to individuals and
increases interest in the course in accordance with psycho-social development.
The study was designed as a mixed method. The quantitative dimension of the
research was designed as a single group experimental study and the prepared
academic achievement test was applied before and after the study. In the
qualitative dimension, phenomenology was applied and the data were collected
through audio-recorded interviewing. The quantitative study group of the
research consists of 10 students, and the qualitative phase consists of 5 students.
The obtained data were analyzed through the statistical program in the
quantitative phase and content analysis in the qualitative dimension. As a result
of the research, it was concluded that the use of digital comics in distance
education increases the success and helps to develop positive behaviors towards


] "others.bam" "others.bam.bai" "shifted.bam"
## [16] "shifted.bam.bai" "trinucleosome.bam" "trinucleosome.bam.bai"
You can also perform shifting, splitting and saving in one step by calling splitBam.
objs <- splitBam(bamfile, tags=tags, outPath=outPath,
 txs=txs, genome=genome,
Conservation is an optional parameter. If you do not have the conservation score or you would like to simply split the bam files using the fragment length, then you will just need to run the command without providing the conservation argument. Without setting the conservation parameter, it will run much faster.
2.4.6 Heatmap and coverage curve for nucleosome positions
By averaging the signal across all active TSSs, we should observe that nucleosome-free fragments are enriched at the TSSs, whereas the nucleosome-bound fragments should be enriched both upstream and downstream of the active TSSs and display characteristic phasing of upstream and downstream nucleosomes. Because ATAC-seq reads are concentrated at regions of open chromatin, users should see a strong nucleosome signal at the +1 nucleosome, but the signal decreases at the +2, +3 and +4 nucleosomes.
bamfiles <- file.path(outPath,
## Plot the cumulative percentage of tag allocation in nucleosome-free
## and mononucleosome bam files.
cumulativePercentage(bamfiles[1:2], as(seqinfo(Hsapiens)["chr1"], "GRanges"))
TSS <- promoters(txs, upstream=0, downstream=1)
TSS <- unique(TSS)
## estimate the library size for normalization
(librarySize <- estLibSize(bamfiles))
## splited/NucleosomeFree.bam splited/mononucleosome.bam
## 33854 2025
## splited/dinucleosome.bam splited/trinucleosome.bam
## 1972 431
## calculate the signals around TSSs.
NTILE <- 101
dws <- ups <- 1010
sigs <- enrichedFragments(gal=objs[c("NucleosomeFree",
 n.tile = NTILE,
 upstream = ups,
 downstream = dws)
## log2 transformed signals
sigs.log2 <- lapply(sigs, function(.ele) log2(.ele+1))
_TAG_ heatmap
featureAlignedHeatmap(sigs.log2, reCenterPeaks(TSS, width=ups+dws),
 zeroAt=.5, n.tile=NTILE)


text:
MEDIEVAL SCULPTOR, French
(active c. 1150 at Charlieu)
The tympanum represents the Wedding at Cana (or Last Supper?). The theme of the feast is easily adapted to an architectural framework; the table can be rectilinear on a lintel and circular on a capital. Here, the table is semicircular, adapting itself to the tympanum form and becoming the basic coordinating element of the whole composition. The compositional firmness of the scene somewhat restrains the fervour and restlessness that Burgundian sculpture displays in other mid-12th century sculptures, and which is here seen in the voussoirs, where the figures gesticulate freely.


text:
Country of Origin: USSR
3-D: 2.5 x 1.3 x 2.5cm (1 x 1/2 x 1 in.)
Pins or znachki have a long and established Russian tradition. During the 19th century, workers received these pins as a reward for work done. It was during the Soviet period that the emphasis on the use of znachki shifted from rewarding work done to acting as souvenirs of national celebrations. By the late 1960s, schoolchildren began to collect and exchange the pins with foreigners. Today, space-themed znachki are popular among collectors worldwide. People of all ages wear the pins to celebrate and acknowledge anniversaries, programs and individuals of the space program.
This pin is one of a set of nine pins that honors the heritage of science, astronomy and space exploration by identifying nine leading scientists in the field throughout history. This pin features Albert Einstein.
Found in collection. Donor unknown at this time. Found on NASM premises.


Dimplez Dreamz youth workforce fellowship aims to deliver educational, employment, and training services for young adults (ages 16-24) in Philadelphia. We provide virtual one-on-one case management services, mentorships, occupational skills, work experience training, entrepreneurship, and leadership development. Each cohort will tremendously help 50 young people from diverse ethnic backgrounds and adverse environments. Our program also focuses on behavioral training methods to reduce violence, such as conflict resolution and finding common ground with one another.
By developing an aggressive workforce program, the youth can be better positioned to obtain educational and employment opportunities so we can build a more productive and nonviolent community.
If you or know someone that would benefit by being apart of the fellowship please complete the interest form.
Dimplez Dreamz Workforce Fellowship Interest Form


text:
Scrambled Eggs Beef and Cheese.
You can cook Scrambled Eggs Beef and Cheese using 8 ingredients and 4 steps. Here is how you cook it.
Ingredients of Scrambled Eggs Beef and Cheese
- It's 1/2 cup of dried beef.
- Prepare 1 cup of tomatoes.
- Prepare 1/4 cup of grated cheese.
- Prepare 2 tablespoons of butter.
- Prepare of Paprika.
- It's 3 of eggs.
- It's of Black pepper.
- You need of Few grains red pepper.
Scrambled Eggs Beef and Cheese step by step
- Chop beef heat over hot water.
- Heat tomatoes add cheese butter seasoning well beaten eggs and later beef.
- Cook until eggs are creamy but not dry.
- Serve on hot buttered toast.


text: The electronic properties of quasicrystals containing transition-metals are studied employing a simple double-chain model within the tight-binding approximation. We show that, under determined conditions, spectral fine structures are the result of competing localizedand extended-like states, which are not observed in traditional one-dimensional aperiodic models. These spectral features can explain the experimentally observed transport properties. From this point of view this double-chain model mimics the behavior of electrons in realistic icosahedral quasicrystals. Moreover, in view of the electronic transport, the relationship between quasicrystals and related amorphous phases is explained in a natural way. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.


Overcoming Challenges as an Entrepreneur with Disabilities
Life isn't easy when it comes to being a Person with Disabilities (PWDs). Whether its access to public transport, doing sports, going to school, or many other things we take for granted, PWDs often face challenges due to their physical disabilities.
With the social stigma PWDs face everyday, securing a job is especially hard for them as society often views them as a burden or unable to contribute to the community. This has greatly impacted not just their livelihood, but their self-esteem as well, despite their individual talent and skills.
At PSC, we often work very closely with the PWD community as we believe they have the ability to create opportunities for themselves. Through our partnership with Maybank Foundation, the Reach Independence & Sustainable Entrepreneurship (R.I.S.E) program is an Entrepreneurship program that aims to empower the marginalised community, particularly the PWDs, to increase their own income by running their own businesses.
Since 2014, we're constantly inspired by their determination and achievement in becoming successful business owners. Here's how we've seen them overcome their challenges as an entrepreneur.
1. Becoming Mentally Positive
Everyone has their own insecurities, and this is especially true for PWDs. Imagine being told you cannot do certain things because of your physical challenge for so many years and bearing negative remarks by so many people. Its a demotivating thought which often prevents most people in that mental state to even believe they can succeed.
At PSC, we first aim to change that thought through our Awareness and Change module. Participants are taught to change their mindset and FLIP their negative thoughts into positive ones. Through this exercise alone, we've seen many PWDs become motivated in their cause and often they would be able to find ways to work through their challenges.
2. Finding Ways to Work WITH Your Disability
Everybody has their own strengths and weaknesses. And that's why even PWDs need to find ways that could complement their current skills and talent. With a positive attitude, anyone could find something they can do, and use it to their full potential.
We've seen a blind participant become an expert at body massages, a woman with Osteoporosis become a makeup guru, a wheelchair-bound person running a restaurant AND a tailoring business, and even a spinal cord injury victim becoming a specialist at modifying cars for others with disabilities.
Through their determination and strengths, we're inspired by their will to overcome their disabilities and use it to their advantage!
3. Hire People to Help
Running a business doesn't have to be a one-man show. For entrepreneurs with disabilities, teamwork is essential to a business' success.
As a thriving business owner, we've seen participants' confidence in themselves grow, often forgetting about their physical lack which helps them to hire others and eventually lead a team.
With the success of their growing business, we've seen participants create jobs for their community where fellow PWDs are given jobs and even able bodies individuals are also employed by them. This in turn has helped increase efficiency in the business operations as well as expanding the business.
4. Learn Proper Techniques as an Entrepreneur
Like any other business owner, knowledge is power and that's what we equip our participants with. Through our entrepreneurship program, participants are taught essential topics that can be easily implemented into their businesses such as the Blue Ocean theory, Sales Strategies, Customer Analysis, Customer Value Proposition, Financial Management and more.
With the proper training and mentoring, we've seen participants with disabilities soar through the success of their businesses. As a PWD, this is especially encouraging when they are given the right opportunity.
As an entrepreneur with disabilities, being physically challenged is not an issue in becoming a successful business owner. At PSC, we strongly believe that anyone with the right mindset and proper training has the chance of creating their own opportunities.
To learn more about our programs and how YOU can make a significant change in the world, email us at _EMAIL_
Recent Posts
You can contact us by using our form below
 Unit 502, Block A,
 Phileo Damansara II,
 No.15, Jalan 16/11,
 Off Jalan Damansara,
 Pusat Perdagangan Phileo Damansara,
 46350 Petaling Jaya,
 Tel: +60379552528
 Fax: +603 79581888


text:
Six large storytelling organisations in the Netherlands are cooperating to prioritise the art of storytelling within society.
Culemborg, 26 jan'19 – During the National Storytelling Event 2019 the six largest storytelling organisations within the Netherland have come together during to found the Federation of Dutch Storytelling Organisations. Within the next five years the Federations aims to increase the role of storytelling within the educational system, among the performing arts and with the national heritage concerns and relevant social organisations.
Similar to the Federation for European Storytelling (FEST), the Dutch Federation wants to assume a leading role in the attempt the emancipation of storytelling, but on a more local level. "Today, more than ever, we live in a world that is always developing and globalising. In these constantly changing times, the need for stories and storytelling arises. Storytelling takes a more prominent role within society. The term "storytelling" is no longer only used within its own community, but is utilised in advertising, marketing, by business managements and by cultural organisations. The federation offers all interested and relevant institutions the opportunity to discuss the possibilities of incorporating storytelling further within society, and thus create a more prominent place for storytelling in everyday life."
We define storytelling as the oral transmission of stories. Since the beginning of time, storytelling and stories have given people the means to understand and come to peace with the world surrounding them. Stories can explain the workings of the world, create understanding between different cultures, pass on knowledge, experience and legacies throughout time and can give hope and direction to those wo feel lost.
Long term aims:
The Federation has several long term aims, such as to get storytelling recognised as cultural heritage and to have stories become part of the National heritage collection. Another goal is to make storytelling an obligatory part of the curriculum of high, middle and primary schools in the Netherlands. Storytelling must become a mandatory part of the education of Primary teachers. They also strongly believe that storytelling should be recognised as in individual (theatre) art discipline. As such it should be a part of several important theatre programmes and festivals and be considered by performing art funds.
The founding fathers:
The founding organisations are all major contributors within their various aspects of the storytelling field. All of them have different areas of expertise in which the operate such as education, preforming art, advocates, applied storytelling arts, and cultural education. In the future the Federation hopes to welcome more members to help peruse their goals.
The Founding organisations are:
- De Vertelacademie NL/BE, fort he education of storytellers
- Stichting Vertellen, an advocate for storytellers
- Storytelling Centre, organization for social and culturean storytelling projects and organizer of the Amsterdam Storytelling Festival
- Theaterbureau Het Verteltheater, storytelling agency of educational performances and theater.
- Productiehuis De Verhalenboot, organiser of Storytelling Festival Zwolle Unlimited, the Wereldberoemde Verhalenfestival and the Vertellersgilde.
- Mezrab, initiator of the Mezrab Storytelling School and the Mezrab House of Stories.
Landing page: _URL_
E-Mail: (Raymond den Boestert, chairman).


Auto-filling one field same as other
Often when creating a form on a web page, you need your customers to fill out a field such as a mailing address, as well as a billing address. Instead of having your customers fill out the form twice, you can use JavaScript to copy the form's data from one field to another.
You might have noticed that sometimes websites like e-commerce or some government website have two address fields in their forms.One for primary address and another for secondary address(or one for billing address and another for shipping address etc).
Most of the time people have same primary and secondary addresses and to save us from the tedious work of re-entering same data again they have some kind of option to automatically copy the contents of one fields into another.
We are going to see how to make such kind of Auto-Complete form using JavaScript.
In the form we are going to discuss, there is a checkbox and whenever it is checked, the code automatically copies values from primary address and primary zip-code to the secondary address and secondary zip-code respectively.If the checkbox is unchecked, these fields will go blank.
Here is the simple code for such kind of form:

Form Auto Fill :
fieldset{ margin-bottom: 5%; }
AutoFill Form
//Fields for primary address
Primary Address
Address:

Zip code:

If same secondary address select this box.
// Fields for secondary address
Secondary Address
Address:

Zip code:


text:
- Public Notices
How non-public and home schools relate to the school district
By Steve Bruchman,
Community Services Director
New Prague Area Schools
Each year non-public schools (like St. Wenceslaus School and Holy Cross School) and home schools (individual parents instructing one or more of their children at home) are required to register with the school district in which they operate.
A non-public school is usually defined as having five or more students coming together in a set location/building; a home school is usually fewer than five students and located in a residence.


text:
1.12.3 BLOX.BDropDown: flexibility
- Create the popup widget to be used for the
'drop-down list'. It is a BList by default, but you can
use any other widget, overriding the 'list box accessing'
methods if necessary.
- Create the widget that will hold the string chosen from
the list box and answer it. The widget must be a child of 'self
- Answer the height of an item in the drop-down list. The
default implementation assumes that the receiver understands
_TAG_, but you can modify it if you want.
- Called when an item of the listbox is highlighted. Do
nothing by default
- listSelectAt: aPoint
- Select the item lying at the given position in the list
box. The default implementation assumes that list is a BList, but
you can modify it if you want.
- Answer the text currently chosen in the list box. The
default implementation assumes that list is a BList, but you can
modify it if you want.
- Answer the text that the user has picked from the widget and/or
typed in the control (the exact way the text is entered will be
established by subclasses, since this is an abstract method).
- text: aString
- Set the text widget to aString


text:
You connect to an authoring instance with many handles (for example 10,000) with the CQDE and the instance freezes with high load. The IDE runs into a timeout after submitting the login credentials.
Work around the issue by doing the following:
- Open the /system/cqde/templates/server_tools.ecma file.
- Comment line (307):
var pages = Server.Tools.getWebPages(parentUrl);
- Add the following line:
var pages = new Object();
The result looks like the following:
// var pages = Server.Tools.getWebPages(parentUrl); var pages = new Object();
- Save the changes and restart CQ.


text:
- Was Ruku evolved by the direct order from Allah [ie in the time of the Prophet (Sm)]?
- When was it added to Quran?
- Who was/were the pioneered?
- Why was it added?
A ruku'in the quran is a small section that is grouped up based on the meaning of the ayat that are grouped.
An example of a ruku would be the first 7 ayat of surat baqarah.
The origin of this did not begin during the time of the prophet, in fact it is not even recognized worldwide, hence the reason for people misunderstanding your question.
Organizing the quran in ruku' started in south asia, when people began disecting the quran into sections to prepare for taraweeh in ramadan. they seperated it into 540 section to read in each raka' of the month, hence the name "ruku'." this beame a guide for people leading prayer to know how many ayat to say, instead of just guessing.
it is not known when exactly this tradition started, but it still used today by color coding certain quran's sections.


Visual novels
Visual Novels are rather static games that do not feature a lot of gameplay, they are completely story-driven experience. Visual Novels focus on static graphics, sound and text that keeps moving and developing as you make choices that will affect the narrative. There are several ending options for most Visual Novels and you can reach each of them by altering the storyline once you are required to make a choice in the game. Your choices can do both lead you through the story in different plots or make you face the bad ending and you will have to replay. Visual Novels originated in Japan and most of the examples of them are anime-like.
As there are many different options and a lot of scenarios the novel can take once you start making choices, the games are likely to be huge (in terms of possibilities). The game takes the direction you choose. What will you do? It's up to you only.
Page 1 of 16


text:
Isogeometric collocation for implicit dynamics of three-dimensional beams undergoing finite motions
Journal article, Peer reviewed
MetadataShow full item record
Original versionComputer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering. 2019, 356 548-570. 10.1016/j.cma.2019.07.013
We propose a novel approach to the implicit dynamics of shear-deformable geometrically exact beams, based on the isogeometric collocation method combined with the Newmark time integration scheme extended to the rotation group SO(3). The proposed formulation is fully consistent with the underlying geometric structure of the configuration manifold. The method is highly efficient, stable, and does not suffer from any singularity problem due to the (material) incremental rotation vector employed to describe the evolution of finite rotations. Consistent linearization of the governing equations, variables initialization and update procedures are the most critical issues which are discussed in detail in the paper. Numerical applications involving very large motions and different boundary conditions demonstrate the capabilities of the method and reveal the critical role that the high-order approximation in space may have in improving the accuracy of the solution.


text:
The IBM Softcopy Reader is an online documentation reader and organizer made up of two programs, the Book Reader and the Bookshelf Organizer.
Book Reader allows you to open softcopy books created with one of the IBM BookManager® Build programs.
- View and navigate through the softcopy books and PDFs online
- Do searches within the book
- Create notes
- Copy text
- Print text selections, a section, or the entire book


text:
Read & Run Fitness
Read and Run Fitness is a book and running club that links language learning with exercise, changing how students read, discuss hot topics, make new friends, explore their natural surroundings, and stay fit. Research shows that students learn better if they combine studies with movement and exercise. This is the mission of our dynamic program, which brings socializing, experiential learning, and fitness all together at the same time, under the sky in the great outdoors. Students read inspiring books, stimulate their minds with running, and talk about what they're reading with interesting people that share their passion for exercise, learning, conversation, community building, and the natural world.
University of Pécs


Reply To: Tip: simulate post grid (for specific pages)
Jason Bobich
This is sort of tough to do from the custom query option because in all ways (that I know of anyway) to specify specific pages would not be possible within a single string.
I can think of two ways where actually feeding pages through to the post grid would be possible the way things are setup.
1) Take the pages you want to be in the post grid and set them as Child pages to some Parent page. Then in your custom query string you'd do this:
Where "123" is the numerical post ID for the Parent page, to which you want the child pages below it to show. Note that by using the custom query string in any post grid, you're overriding the number of posts normally generated for you based on the columns/rows. So, you need to specify that, as well.
2) Now, this is super hacky, but an interesting thing I just thought of. Internally, there is a filter on the query string every time a post grid is generated. But there's no way to really identify this filter with a specific post grid instance.
In your instance of the Post grid, you could use the "query" option to pass in some unique identifier to use as a "catch" from your PHP function that you're going to attach to the filter for all post grid queries.
So, for example, setup a post grid and for the query option write something like:
Now from your Child theme's functions.php you can filter onto the query string for all post grids and use that identifier to trigger some custom query string.
 * Custom query for post lists/post grids
function my_custom_posts_query( $query, $args ){
 if( $args['query'] =='my_unique_key' ){
 $query = array(
 'post_type' => 'page',
 'post__in' => array( 1, 2, 3, 4 ) // ID's for any pages you want to include
 return $query;
add_filter( 'themeblvd_posts_args','my_custom_posts_query', 10, 2 );


Are Pears Good for You?
The pear is a sweet fruit about the size of an apple. The skin of a pear is thin like a paper and it is usually difficult to peel. The skins of pears may vary in color - green, yellow, red, brown, or a combination of these colors. With its light colored flesh, pears taste sweet and quite juicy too. Its texture is buttery soft, but some varieties may have grainy flesh. While most varieties of pears are bell-shaped, some of them are like a rounded apple.
Are Pears Good for You?
The simple answer is yes. With all the vitamins and minerals, pears can be quite beneficial for your health. Pears are juicy. Pears are inexpensive. And, due to their vitamin, mineral, and fiber content, they are a perfect addition to your healthy eating plan.
Here are other reasons why pears are good for you and why you should include pears in your diet.
1. It Improves Digestive Health
With about 5.5g of fiber in a medium-sized pear, it works amazingly well to boost your digestive health. Eating dietary fiber is important for your health because it helps your body absorb minerals and vitamins from your food. It also plays a role in relieving constipation and saves you from dealing with painful hemorrhoids.
2. It Fights Against Free Radicals
Pears are loaded with antioxidants, and antioxidants help eliminate free radicals from your body that lead to so many types of diseases. Eating a pear will provide you with vitamin A, vitamin C, and flavonoid compounds, such as lutein, beta-carotene, and zea-xanthin, which help rid the body of free radicals and other dangerous compounds.
3. It Prevents Cancer
Are pears good for you in preventing cancer? Yes, they do. That is mainly because the antioxidants it contains have anti-carcinogenic activities. Eating pears regularly will lower your risk of developing different types of cancer, such as rectum, colon, prostate, breast, and lungs.
4. It Boosts Your Immune System
The activities of vitamin C and antioxidants help strengthen your immune system. Vitamin C is essential for proper functioning of your immune system because it accelerates white blood cell production. It is due to this particular reason that pears have long been considered beneficial for the treatment of conditions such as flu, common cold, and other conditions that need a stronger immune system for recovery.
5. It Improves Cardiovascular Health
Pears are great for your cardiovascular system mainly because they are a great source of potassium. Known as a vasodilator, potassium dilates your blood vessels and lowers your blood pressure. It also prevents clots from developing in blood vessels, which again helps improve your heart health. By lowering blood pressure, you will be in a better position to protect yourself from cardiovascular conditions such as heart attacks, atherosclerosis, and strokes. Moreover, potassium also helps regulate fluids in your body and keep your body parts and cells well hydrated all the time.
6. It Improves Circulation and RBC Count
Are pears good for your blood health? Yes, pears are extremely beneficial for people suffering from anemia or other mineral deficiencies. You get loads of copper and iron from pears. Copper makes it easy for your body to absorb minerals, whereas iron facilitates red blood cell synthesis. Without enough iron, your body cannot produce enough hemoglobin, the protein that gives blood its red color. Eating pears will improve your iron intake and prevent issues such as cognitive malfunction, fatigue, organ system malfunction, and muscle weakness.
7. It Improves Hair, Skin, and Eyes
Your body cannot function properly in the absence of enough vitamin A, and pears are a rich source of this vitamin. Not only does it contain vitamin A, it also has its subsequent components, such as zea-xanthin and lutein. These components work as antioxidants and also participate in organ functions and enzymatic reactions. By eating pears, you can increase your vitamin A intake and in turn reduce the effects of aging. It reduces age spots and prevents wrinkles. Pears are equally effective in reducing macular degeneration, hair loss, cataracts, and many other conditions related to the aging process.
8. It Prevents Birth Defects
Regular consumption of pears may help lower the risks of birth defects in newborns. This benefit comes from its folate content. Research shows that folic acid plays a role in reducing neural tube defects in newborns, and you can increase your intake of folate by eating pears. Pregnant women are often asked to take folate supplements, so you can include pears in your diet to get all the folic acid you need.
Enjoying the Benefits of Pears
Are pears good for you? They definitely are. However, you may still find yourself confused between fresh pears and canned pears. The truth is that both fresh and canned pears are equally beneficial for your health. Just make sure to pick canned pears that are packed in 100% fruit juice – do not buy canned pears that contain syrup and added sugars.
For fresh pears, chop them into bite-size pieces and prepare a fruit salad using them. You can also add those pieces in low-fat yogurt for taste. Another great idea is to use thin slices of pears in place of the jelly in your peanut butter sandwich. You can prepare a delicious and nutritious dessert by sprinkling the pear with nutmeg and cinnamon and then broiling it until it is soft.
Current time: 03/04/2021 04:45:30 am (America/New_York) Memory usage: 1710.81KB


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I am using the following to customise my footline, but it does not seem to change the height of the footline. What am I missing
{\begin{beamercolorbox}[wd=\paperwidth,ht=2.25ex,dp=1.5cm, leftskip=.3cm,rightskip=.3cm plus1fill]{author in head/foot}%
 {\large \url{_URL_}}
share|improve this question
While code snippets are helpful, it is best to add a minimal working example (MWE) that illustrates your problem. To do so, edit your post and add the relevant content. – Werner Dec 23 '11 at 16:03
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1 Answer
You can use the \fontsize{size}{skip} command, where size is your desired fontsize, and skip is the distance between lines (multiplied by \baselineskip)
The height of footline is computed to fit the font. Is this what you want?
share|improve this answer
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Your Answer


Carmichael, California AA Meetings
A suburb in the Greater Sacramento metropolitan area, Carmichael has its share of people who are struggling with an addiction to alcohol. The census-designated place (CDP) has Alcoholics Anonymous or AA meetings in place to help these residents. The drinking of alcohol is legal and widely accepted in society which makes alcohol abuse prevalent. It is a growing public health concern in America with millions of people diagnosed with alcohol use disorder. The factors that contribute to alcohol abuse are many. People resort to abusing alcohol for a lot of reasons from dealing with stress, coping with a loss, to dealing with trauma. Extended alcohol abuse usually takes a serious toll on a person's health and can result in long-term effects such as liver disease and brain damage among many others. Short-term effects of alcohol abuse like slow reaction time or restlessness can be just as damaging as long-term effects. Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) is an effective support therapy that has helped millions of people combat alcohol abuse. AA facilitates meetings where people who are dependent on alcohol share their personal addiction journeys with others who may be going through similar issues. Our directory also lists other AA California meetings outside of AA meetings in Carmichael.
Where do calls go?
All calls are private and confidential.
Who Answers?


text:
Electronic speckle pattern interferometry fringe patterns usually have poor contrast so it is important to enhance fringe contrast for the extraction of phase from a single fringe pattern. We present new enhancement methods based on differential equations (called DE enhancement methods) to electronic speckle pattern interferometry fringes. The DE enhancement methods transform the image processing to solve differential equations. With the proposed methods, the visibility of the correlation speckle fringe patterns can be improved significantly. We tested the proposed methods on computer-simulated speckle correlation fringes and experimentally obtained fringes, and we compared the new method with other contrast enhancement techniques. The experimental results illustrate the performance of this approach.
© 2006 Optical Society of AmericaFull Article | PDF Article
Chen Tang, Fang Zhang, Botao Li, and Haiqing Yan
Appl. Opt. 45(28) 7392-7400 (2006)
Chen Tang, Wenjing Lu, Song Chen, Zhen Zhang, Botao Li, Wenping Wang, and Lin Han
Appl. Opt. 46(30) 7475-7484 (2007)
Chen Tang, Lin Han, Hongwei Ren, Dongjian Zhou, Yiming Chang, Xiaohang Wang, and Xiaolong Cui
Opt. Lett. 33(19) 2179-2181 (2008)


text:
GENDER: Masculine & Feminine
PRONOUNCED: KLOD (French), KLAWD (English) [key]
Meaning & History
French masculine and feminine form of CLAUDIUS
. In France the masculine name has been common since the Middle Ages due to the 7th-century Saint
Claude of Besançon. It was imported to Britain in the 16th century by the aristocratic Hamilton family, who had French connections. A famous bearer of this name was the French impressionist painter Claude Monet (_PHONE_).
OTHER LANGUAGES: Claudia, Claudius (Ancient Roman), Claudia (Biblical), Klaudija, Klaudio (Croatian), Klaudie (Czech), Claudia (Dutch), Claudia (German), Claudia, Claudio (Italian), Klaudijs (Latvian), Klaudia, Klaudiusz (Polish), Cláudia, Cláudio (Portuguese), Claudia, Claudiu (Romanian), Klavdiya, Klava (Russian), Klaudia (Slovak), Klavdija (Slovene), Claudia, Claudio (Spanish), Gladys (Welsh)
| United States || -|| ||


text:
Pearl River Church was built in 1833 as a school near the Natchez Trace in Madison County and school and church shared the facility. It has been used as a Methodist church throughout its history, although it is no longer used except for special occasions. The building was remodeled in 1889 to its present form. It is noted for its role in the history of the Lambuth family particulary. From this church in 1854 Rev. and Mrs. James William Lambuth went as missionaries to China where their descendants continued to labor long afterward. On a return trip to Mississippi and a stay of two years, daughter Nettie died and is buried in the adjacent cemetery. In honor of the Lambuths, each third Thursday of October there is a memorial service known now as Lambuth Day: The service has been essentially continuous since its beginning 1900. A monument in front of the church memorializing the Lambuths was installed at that time.
Source: The Mississippi Methodist Advocate. December 2, 1959. Supplemented by other sources. (This title is available in the J.B. Cain Archives.)
Additional Photos of Pearl River Church


text:
Isolation of Genomic DNA from Plant using Magnetic Beads—NucleoMag 96 Plant
NucleoMag 96 Plant is designed for the rapid parallel purification of genomic DNA from plant tissues in a 96-well format. After lysis of the sample, genomic DNA is selectively bound to the NucleoMag Beads. Contaminants are washed away and the DNA can be eluted from the beads under low-salt conditions. Since the magnetic bead technology provides a closed system (no transfer of sample from one well to another is necessary during the preparation), the risk of cross-contamination is greatly reduced. The NucleoMag technology can be easily adapted to common laboratory automation platforms. It can be used either with static-pin separators (e.g., NucleoMag SEP) or magnetic separators integrated into robotic workstations.


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A variation of the pointed cross, the heraldic
dagger is a common sign
in printed texts.
In typography the sign, along with and, is used as a sign for note, i.e. an amendment to the main text.
In botany the dagger means poisonous, in chess, check! In timetables it is sometimes used for Sunday or holiday. In genealogy it is used for deceased or dead. In dictionaries it can indicate an obsolete word, and again in botany it may mean a once cultivated but now wild growing plant.
This sign is the second in series of reference marks and as such called obelisk or obelus. See reference marks in the word index for the other signs.
The dagger is also sometimes used preceding a death date, that is meaning dead or died.


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Lots of questions are being raised about food's carbon footprint, that's why the Louis Bonduelle Foundation suggests you take a look at which vegetables are in season in which hemisphere at certain times of the year.
How can you eat sustainably?
Growing vegetables out of season consumes a lot of energy because you grow them in artificial conditions and need resources (like heat, water and nutrients). The carbon footprint is the same if not greater than when you transport food.
Cucumbers can be naturally grown in the northern hemisphere from March to June, whereas you'll find them more easily in the southern hemisphere from October through December. Always choose seasonal vegetables, wherever you live, depending on the month!
Sustainable consumption means striking the right balance between your needs and your food choices.
Watch those 4 animations to discover some examples of seasonal vegetables for different times of the year and where to find them!


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Purpose：This study was designed to identify the effects of carrying bag positions (None, left hand, right hand,left shoulder, right shoulder) on static balance.
Methods：Fourteen healthy adult females participated in the this study. The exclusion criteria were orthopedic or neurologic disease, predominant left side. Measurements were performed initial effects. Results were evaluated by OSI, APSI, and MLSI in the biodex stability system.
Results：There are among the three assessments (overall stability index(OSI), antero-posterior stability index (APSI), medio-lateral stability index(MLSI) significants difference for the carrying bags positions (None bag, left hand, right hand, left shoulder, right shoulder)(p<.05). The post-hoc test revealed a significant difference between none bag and both left hand and left shoulder in the OSI, APSI, MLSI (p<.05). Also, comparing the carrying positions significant difference between right hand and both left hand and left shoulder in the MLSI (p<.05).
Conclusion：The results suggest that none dominant side with carrying bag improve more imbalance than none bag and right hand of dominant with carrying bag improve more balance than non dominant side. When comparing the four carrying bag conditions, right hand was more effective than another conditions in static balance.


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Rake, a popular Ruby DSL
Rake, like make or ant, is a DSL for defining tasks.
Tasks definitions above are written using Rake DSL. In particular, they define two dependent tasks. They state that the :world task is dependent from the :hello task. In other words, when the :world task is executed, the :hello task will be executed first. This will result in the string "Hello World!" printed on the console. The neat fact about the code above is that it is perfectly legal ruby code. In particular,
- task is a ruby method that accepts an hash argument
- :hello and :world are ruby symbols
- :hello => :world is a ruby hash
- the do... end part is a ruby block
Makengo: an internal DSL in Go
When I approached to Go the first time I was intrigued by what is stated in its homepage:
"It feels like a dynamic language but has the speed and safety of a static language. It's a joy to use."
Belonging from years of experience with dynamic languages such as ruby and enjoying its capability to build DSL, I was curious to see how much the compiled and strongly typed nature of Go can be bended in this sense. So, I started writing a small experimental project named makengo.
Using makengo DSL, the previous tasks definitions become:
How does it look compared to the ruby version? First of all, the Go version takes 117 chars against the 75 chars of the Ruby version. So, it's ~56% more verbose. In particular
- There are too many parentheses
- String names are longer than symbol names (:hello vs "hello", :world vs "world")
- The block syntax is burdened by the func keyword
- In order to express the dependency we need the long named DependsOn function rather than the concise key => value hash syntax
Go DSL capabilities
The retrospection on Makengo raises the main question of this post: is Go suitable for building internal DSLs? Let's try answering, exploring Go's DSL capability in more detail.
Go has many features that help building DSL. The first thing that comes to mind are anonymous functions that act as closures. In makengo, I use anonymous an function to define what a task does.
Also, anonymous functions can take arguments in order to push values in the block. For example:
Compared with C, this a great step towards expressivity. However, compared with Ruby, Go's anonymous functions syntax appears to be a lot more verbose. This is due to the necessity of a func keyword and to the use of many parentheses. Also, considering that since Go is a strongly typed language, anonymous function arguments need their own type declaration.
In Go, types can receive methods. In Makengo, this fact is exploited to express dependencies among tasks. Actually, the Task function returns a task object and task object can receive the DependsOn method allowing for method chaining:
Dynamic reception and metaprogramming
Go lacks of a ruby-like method_missing method. In ruby, when an unknown method is sent to an object the object responds executing method_missing. This language feature is known as Dynamic Reception. Dynamic Reception, combined with the metaprogramming magic of ruby, allows for very readable DSL (taken from Machinist):
Regarding metaprogramming, Go has an interesting reflect package that allows the manipulation of objects with arbitrary types. This comes in handy, for example, in variadic functions (see below).
In Ruby, a literal map could be passed as argument to a function allowing for more expressive function calls inside the DSL:
Moreover, Ruby allows you omit the delimiters for a literal map. So you can shorten it to:
In Go, a literal map looks like this:
but there is no way to shorten it.
Literal lists and varargs
Like maps, literal lists in Go have not optional delimiters so it's not convenient to use them as function arguments inside DSL. BTW, Go has good support for varargs that combined with types reflection, types assertion and interfaces, are good substitutes for literal lists. For example, in Makengo I can define tasks that depend on more than a single task passing multiple arguments to DependsOn:
A comparison table
Let's try summarize in a table what we discussed until this point.
|Optional delimiters in maps||No||Yes|
|Optional delimiters in lists||No but you can use varargs||Yes|
|Short signature for blocks||No||Yes|
So what about the answer to the original question? Is Go suitable for building internal DSL? The answer of course is... it depends!
As a compiled language, Go can't compete with dynamic languages in building complex and general purpose DSL. However, it's enough flexible to build simple DSL. Moreover, as said at the beginning of this post, the mean of expressivity is relative to the problem domain. Go can be very expressive when dealing with problems that involve network and concurrency issues.
Another road to explore is the implementation of a light VM in Go exploiting some of its advantages against C: built-in concurrency and GC. On top of this VM could live a set of dynamic languages more suited to implement external DSLs. It seems that Eleanor McHugh is on the right track with her GoLightly VM.
Go DSL capability need more investigation, of course. But a fact is clear to me: I should not think at Go as a Panacea trying to force its nature: Go it's not a scripting language. I should rather taking advantage of its peculiarities in order to fully exploit all of its expressivity.


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Transition in Time Series Data Mining on Correlated Items
The authors are given a large database of customer transactions, where each transaction consists of transaction-id, the items bought in the transaction and the transaction time. The whole set of transaction is divided into a number of segments called durations (intervals) based on transaction time. And the dividing standard can be monthly, quarterly or yearly. They introduce the problem of mining strong association rules between consecutive durations using FP-tree and correlation coefficient, which is used to quantitatively describe the strength and sign of a relationship between two variables. This paper deals with the changes in the correlation between any two itemsets at the transition of the consecutive duration. Milestone is a change over point between durations.


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You are browsing a version that is no longer maintained.
DoctrineModule provides a bridge between Laminas and Doctrine 2. It gives you access to features that can be used across Doctrine 2 ORM as well as Doctrine 2 ODM. It provides an abstraction layer on top of Doctrine\Common which allows the end user to build functionality being completely unaware if he's currently working with Doctrine ORM or Doctrine MongoDB ODM.
You can find more details about the features offered by DoctrineModule:
- Authentication documentation: this explains how you can use the DoctrineModule authentication adapter and authentication storage adapter to provide a simple way to authenticate users using Doctrine.
- Caching documentation: DoctrineModule provides simple classes to allow easier caching using Doctrine.
- CLI documentation: learn how to use the Doctrine 2 command line tool, and how to add your own command.
- Hydrator documentation: if you are using Laminas Forms (and I hope you are!), doctrine-laminas-hydrator provides a powerful hydrator that allows you to easily deal with OneToOne, OneToMany and ManyToOne relationships when using forms.
- Paginator documentation: discover how to use the DoctrineModule Paginator adapter.
- Validator documentation: this chapter explains how to use ObjectExists and NoObjectExists validator, that allow you to easily validate if a given entity exists or not.


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A novel method for planning liver resections using deformable Bezier surfaces and distance maps
Journal article, Peer reviewed
MetadataShow full item record
Original versionComputer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine. 2017, 144 135-145. 10.1016/j.cmpb.2017.03.019
Background and Objective: For more than a decade, computer-assisted surgical systems have been helping surgeons to plan liver resections. The most widespread strategies to plan liver resections are: drawing traces in individual 2D slices, and using a 3D deformable plane. In this work, we propose a novel method which requires low level of user interaction while keeping high flexibility to specify resections. Methods: Our method is based on the use of Bézier surfaces, which can be deformed using a grid of control points, and distance maps as a base to compute and visualize resection margins (indicators of safety) in realtime. Projection of resections in 2D slices, as well as computation of resection volume statistics are also detailed. Results: The method was evaluated and compared with state-of-the-art methods by a group of surgeons (n = 5, 5–31 years of experience). Our results show that theproposed method presents planning times as low as state-of-the-art methods (174 s median time) with high reproducibility of results in terms of resected volume. In addition, our method not only leads to smooth virtual resections easier to perform surgically compared to other state-of-the-art methods, but also shows superior preservation of resection margins. Conclusions: Our method provides clinicians with a robust and easy-to-use method for planning liver resections with high reproducibility, smoothness of resection and preservation of resection margin. Our results indicate the ability of the method to represent any type of resection and being integrated in real clinical work-flows.


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Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
- Estimating the impact of environmental conditions on hatching results using multivariable analysis
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
- Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
- Hatching results are directly related to environmental and biological surroundings. This research study aimed at evaluating the influence of incubation environmental conditions on hatchability and one-day-old chickling quality of five production flocks using multivariable analysis tool. The experiment was carried out in a commercial hatchery located in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Environmental variables such as dry bulb temperature, relative humidity, carbon dioxide concentration, and number of colony forming units of fungi were recorded inside a broiler multi-stage setter, a hatcher after eggs transference, and a chick-processing room. The homogeneity of parameter distribution among quadrants inside the setter, the hatcher, and the chick room was tested using the non-parametric test of Kruskal-Wallis, and the fit analysis was applied. The multivariate analysis was applied using the Main Component Technique in order to identify possible correlations between environmental and production parameters. Three different groups were identified: the first group is represented by temperature, which was positively correlated both with good hatchability and good chick quality; the second group indicates that poor chick quality was positively correlated with air velocity and relative humidity increase. The third group, represented by carbon dioxide concentration and fungi colonies forming units, presented strong positive association with embryo mortality increase.
- Revista Brasileira de Ciência Avícola. Fundação APINCO de Ciência e Tecnologia Avícolas, v. 10, n. 4, p. 215-222, 2008.
- Fundação APINCO de Ciência e Tecnologia Avícolas
- Broiler chick
- chick quality
- incubation conditions
- Acesso aberto
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Cheese Party Chinese Podcast Review
Name of Podcast: Cheese Party Podcast（知识派对pinyin: zhī shí pài duì）
What topics are covered? This is a podcast about knowledge. It has one themed podcast every week aimed at telling people useful knowledge.
Why is it good to listen to?
This is a podcast which has 3 podcasters: 何峰 (pinyin: hé fēng), a mathematician, 王宇 (pinyin: wáng yǔ), a international financial reporter, and 简丽丽 (pinyin: jiǎn lì lì), a psychologist. All of them speak very standard Mandarin without any obvious accent. The podcast is very conversational and has some jokes. The podcasters speak with the correct (academic) terminology all the time especially for the psychological episodes where you can hear many big medical terms.
To listen or subscribe to the podcast, you can search 知识派对 in iTunes or it can be listened to at:
How often are the podcasts updated? Programs are updated on a weekly basis, but released in several parts (so one podcast might have 4 parts labelled as 01, 02 etc.) but they follow on.
Length of each podcast: Each release of the podcast is about 10-20 minutes long.
Description of the podcast:
知识(meaning knowledge) and 芝士 (pinyin: zhī shì, meaning cheese) are homonymic in Chinese, and there comes the English name of this podcast: Cheese Party. In this podcast, people are not sharing cheese but knowledge. Three professional podcasters talk about things they know well, which listeners can learn and make use of in our lives.
In one podcast, psychological discussion comes from 简丽丽, a psychological consultant,and he describes several psychological illnesses with interesting facts about these illnesses and how to cope with these illnessese. There are many podcasts dedicated to different areas of knowledge. This podcast is a "study" podcast but the information is given in an accesible way with some humour.
知识派对 is a very good podcast to improve your knowledge.
Learn Chinese with Free Podcasts
Please Note


Quick Answer: Does Gayatri Mantra Work?
Why is Gayatri mantra so powerful?
What is the best time to chant Gayatri Mantra?
Indonesian Hinduism. The Gayatri Mantra forms the first of seven sections of the Trisandhyā Puja (Sanskrit for "three divisions"), a prayer used by the Balinese Hindus and many Hindus in Indonesia. It is uttered three times each day: 6 am at morning, noon, and 6 pm at evening.
Can we chant Gayatri Mantra before sleeping?
– Gayatri Mantra can be chanted from two hours before sunrise to one hour before sunrise and sunset can be done till one hour later. – Do not chant this mantra at night.
How can I impress Lord Shiva by Mantra?
If you want peace of mind and if you want to please Shiva, you can chant the mantra. करचरणकृतं वाक् कायजं कर्मजं वा श्रवणनयनजं वा मानसंवापराधं । विहितं विहितं वा सर्व मेतत् क्षमस्व जय जय करुणाब्धे श्री महादेव शम्भो ॥ If you are looking to meditate upon Shiva, then Shiva Dhyaan Mantra is for you.
How do you pray to Shiva?
Does Gayatri mantra increase intelligence?
Which is most powerful mantra?
How do you chant Gayatri Mantra?
What are the 7 mantras?
What is the power of Gayatri Mantra?
The power of GAYATRI MANTRA was found to be the highest, making it the most potent Hymn of the world. The combination of sound waves at this particular frequency of the Mantra is claimed to capable of developing specific spiritual potentialities.
Can Lord Shiva fulfill our wishes?
Why Gayatri mantra is 108?
To recite a mantra 108 times is said to help bring in harmony with the vibrations of the universe. … Famous mathematicians of Vedic culture saw 108 as some of the completeness of presence.
Is Gayatri mantra cursed?
Originally Answered: Why is Gayatri Mantra locked? Yes It is true curses do exist. The rules are: Mantra should be taken as a deeksha from Siddha Guru.
Is Gayatri mantra really works?
Does Gayatri Mantra fulfill all wishes?
Can I chant Gayatri mantra at night?
Can a girl chant Gayatri Mantra?
Can women chant the Gayatri mantra? Yes. Nowhere is it said that women cannot chant. … The men thought that if ladies chant Gayatri mantra, it will bring them a lot of power; healing power and sankalpa Shakti.
Which mantra is powerful for money?
Lakshmi MantraLakshmi Mantra is synonymously also called Money Mantra. Neel N is the founder of Prophet666.com. These are powerful Hindu Mantras and Yantras for wealth, prosperity and abundance.
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What is author impact data?
The Author impact is a summarized view of the impact data collected from all the articles you have published and linked to your Frontiers profile.
It is an aggregation of the total number of article views, downloads and citations.
You can find this clicking on your name on the top right corner, then selecting Profile.
You find the number under the Impact tab:


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Medical Foods Policy and Regulatory Developments
Global Policy and Regulatory Medical Foods Developments
- Codex Alimentarius was created by FAO and WHO in 1963 to develop food standards and guidelines, as well as related texts such as codes of practice under the Joint FAO/WHO Food Standards Programme. The Codex Alimentarius Commission aims to protect consumer health, ensure fair trade practices, and promote coordination of all food standards work undertaken by international governmental and non-governmental organizations.
- The Codex Committee on Foods for Special Dietary Uses agreed to develop guidelines on labeling and claims for medical foods in 1980 and accepted the offer of the United States to prepare a set of proposed draft guidelines for consideration at the next session in 1982. Report of the Twelfth Session of Codex Committee on Foods for Special Dietary Uses, ALINORM 81/26.
- The draft guidelines on labeling and claims for medical foods prepared by the United States were discussed at the 1982 meeting. Report of the Thirteenth Session of Codex Committee on Foods for Special Dietary Uses, ALINORM 83/26.
- The draft guidelines on labeling and claims for medical foods prepared by the United States were also discussed at the 1985 meeting. Report of the Fourteenth Session of the Codex Committee on Foods for Special Dietary Uses, ALINORM 85/26.
- The Committee developed a standard instead of a guideline in 1987 and agreed to use "foods for special medical purposes" instead of "medical foods." The Proposed Draft Standard was submitted for step 3 comment. Report of the Fifteenth Session of Codex Committee on Foods for Special Dietary Uses, ALINORM 87/26.
- The Proposed Draft Standard was submitted to the 1989 session of the Codex Alimentarius Commission for adoption as a draft standard. Report of the Sixteenth Session of the Codex Committee on Nutrition and Foods for Special Dietary Uses, ALINORM 89/26.
- The Committee decided essential information for health professionals should be on the label but was not necessary for consumer labeling. Report of the Meeting of Intergovenmental Working Groups (CX/FSDU 87) and Report of the Sixteenth Session of the Codex Committee on Nutrition and Foods for Special Dietary Uses, ALINORM 89/26.
- Medical foods were to be labeled in accordance with the Codex's "General Standard for the Labelling of and Claims for Foods for Special Dietary Uses." Codex Alimentarius Committee on Codex General Standard for Labeling of and Claims for Foods for Special Dietary Uses (1985).
- Certain additional provisions were required for labeling medical foods. Specifically, medical foods must label the energy value and the content of protein, fat, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals, and if applicable, amino acids or essential fatty acids. Osmolality and acid-base balance, where appropriate, must also be on the label. Report of the Sixteenth Session of the Codex Committee on Nutrition and Foods for Special Dietary Uses, ALINORM 89/26.
National Policy and Regulatory Medical Foods Developments
- Defines a "food for special dietary use" as a food that has been specially processed or formulated to meet the particular requirements of a person: (a) in whom a physical or physiological condition exists as a result of a disease, disorder, or injury; or (b) for whom a particular effect, including but not limited to weight loss, is to be obtained by a controlled intake of food. 9.9 Foods for Special Dietary Use [Division 24, FDR]
- Compiles European Union rulings and resources relating to foods for special medical purposes.
- Vitamin-Mineral Amendments, Pub. L. No. 94-278 (1976)
- Prohibited the FDA from classifying vitamin and mineral supplements as drugs based solely on their combinations or potency, unless drug claims were made. The legislation also incorporated FDA's 1941 definition of special dietary use into the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act.
- Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, Pub. L. No. 75-717, § 201 (f), (g), 52 Stat. 1040, 1041 (1938), as amended 21 U.S.C § 321 (f), (g) (1982)
- Medical foods were regulated as drugs prior to 1972 according to Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, 21 U.S.C.321(g)(1)(B).
- Orphan Drug Act, Pub. Law. 97-114 (1983)
- Congress amended Orphan Drug Act to formally define a medical food in 1988; reaffirmed in 1992, and again in 1996.
- Nutrition Labeling and Education Act of 1990 and subsequent amendments give the FDA authority to require nutrition labeling of most packaged foods regulated by FDA and requires all nutrient claims and health claims meet FDA regulations. The legislation incorporated the definition of medical foods from the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act and exempted medical foods from nutrition labeling, health and nutrient claim requirements, and identified five criteria characteristics of medical food (21 CFR 101.9(J)(8)). FDA incorporated the statutory medical food definition of this Act into 21 U.S.C.343. FDA provided guidance on medical foods indicating that Section 101.9(j)(8) exempted medical foods from nutrition labeling, nutrient content claims, and health claim regulations if the product is:
- Specially formulated and processed product for the partial or exclusive feeding of a patient by means of oral intake or enteral feeding by tube;
- Intended for the dietary management of a patient who, because of therapeutic or chronic medical needs, has limited or impaired capacity to ingest, digest, absorb, or metabolize ordinary foodstuffs or certain nutrients, or who has other special medically determined nutrient requirements, the dietary management of which cannot be achieved by the modification of the normal diet alone;
- Provides nutritional support specifically modified for the management of the unique nutrient needs that result from the specific disease or condition as determined by medical evaluation;
- Intended to be used under a medical physician's supervision; and
- Intended only for a patient receiving active and ongoing medical supervision wherein the patient requires medical care on a recurring basis for, among other things, instructions on the use of the medical food.
- Medical Foods Equity Act of 2011 (S.311 and H.1311) have been introduced and referred to Committee to provide coverage for medically necessary food under Federal health programs and private health insurance.
United States Department of Health and Human Services
Food and Drug Administration
- FDA provided guidance on medical foods in 1997.
- FDA announced a new proposed regulations (ANPR) in 1996 but withdrew a couple years later.
- Exempted foods for the use solely under medical supervision to meet nutritional requirements for specific medical conditions from certain labeling requirements. 21 C.F.R. §§ 101.9, 101.9 (h) (3),(4)
- In 1991, FDA published in the Federal Register information on what a medical food is and the distinctive nutritional and medical supervision requirements of medical foods.
- FDA contracted to develop enteral products with high nutritional efficacy to improve tissue repair and shorten convalescence during World War II and to address needs of the aerospace program for easily consumable, low residue, high calorie dietary products. Fisher K, et al. A review of foods for medical purposes. FDA Contract No. 223-75-2090 June 1977; as noted in Hattan DG & Mackey DR. A review of medical foods: Enterally administered formulations used in the treatment of diseases and disorders. Food Drug Cosm. L. J. 44;479-501(1989).
- FDA implemented a compliance program for medical foods in 1988, requiring all products to be manufactured according to Current Good Manufacturing Practice regulations.
- FDA expressed during rulemaking in 1973 on vitamin and mineral dietary supplements that the Commissioner recognized medical foods as foods. 38 Fed. Reg. at 2152.
- FDA reclassified medical foods as "foods for special dietary use" to encourage product development in 1972. 37 Fed Reg. at 18,230.
- FDA defined foods for "special dietary uses" in 1941. 21 C.F.R. § 105.3
Non-Government Developments & Reports


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The Role of Recognition
Recognition has been a fundamental part of Scouting from its beginning. Done well, it is a powerful tool that can help leaders set goals, define accomplishments, encourage skill development, celebrate commitment and achievement, and inspire others to strive for similar success.
Effective recognition is essential to effective unit service:
- It provides clear definition of success: the attitude, skills, training and behaviors needed to perform effectively
- It helps identify and recruit volunteers to serve as commissioners
- It helps retain commissioners
For commissioners, effective recognition supports recruiting and developing a team that helps unit leaders start, build, and grow strong, sustainable units that will ensure every member of the BSA has a great Scouting experience.
While there are many definitions of "commission," they share common threads: a "Commission" is an authorization to act; an act of entrusting or giving authority; an appointment or assignment to a task or function.
In Scouting, only professional staff members and commissioners are eligible to be commissioned. Just as the wreath of service is a unique design element of their badges of office, commissioning is a unique opportunity for individuals in those positions to publicly commit to providing service in Scouting and to celebrate their commitment.
Commissioners are recruited and commit to serve one year at a time; a commissioning ceremony is a great opportunity to publicly formalize and celebrate their commitment.
For commissioners who are renewing their commitment to serve, a review of achievements over the past year and plans for the year to come (Assess – Plan – Act) provide great preparation for a commissioning ceremony.
Commissioning ceremonies – and preparation for them – help recognize and celebrate success and retain commissioners.
Everything needed to conduct commissioning ceremonies is just a click away: _URL_
Commissioner recognition and this awards and recognition website have three objectives:
- Establish recognition opportunities for all commissioners.
- Establish consistent requirements that incorporate the contemporary tools and techniques commissioners use.
- Provide easy access to information, including opportunities, requirements, progress records, certificates, and available recognition items.
There are three categories of commissioner awards and recognition:
- Recognition of an individual's commitment to serve.
- Recognition of an individual's development.
- Recognition of an individual's impact.
There are also three classifications of commissioner awards and recognition:
- Recognition from an individual's selection to serve.
- Recognition from an individual's application for an award.
- Recognition from an individual's nomination for an award.
Requirements and Progress Records
Requirements and progress records (or nomination forms) have been consolidated into a single pdf form that can be downloaded and saved to a local device. The forms can be completed by simply positioning the cursor in the first (or next desired) field and entering the applicable information. Applicants can track their progress and when all requirements are completed the progress record can be emailed (or printed and delivered) for review, approval and processing. Those wishing to nominate an individual for an award can follow a similar process.
Recognition certificates are also available as pdf forms. They can be completed online (or downloaded to a local device) and printed. Paper stock selection determines the final product. Using standard printer paper provides a good result; using higher quality stock (e.g., "resume' paper") provides a higher quality certificate suitable for framing. Download Commissioner Training Certificates