text:
One of the most important features of this universal object is it's ability to display not only a static text, but expressions as well. Expressions can be located in the object together with text. Let us examine a simple example of how it can be performed. Put the following line into the object:
Hello, World! Today is [DATE].
Thus, when running the report, we can get something like follows:
Hello, World! Today is 01.01.2004.
What lead to such result? During FastReport report building, if an expression enclosed in square brackets is encountered, the engine calculates it's value and inserts the value into the text (in place of the expression). The "Text" object can contain any number of expressions, together with a usual text. Both single variables and expressions can be enclosed in brackets (for example, [1+2*(3+4)]). Any constants, variables, functions, and DB fields can be used in expressions. We will learn more about these features later, in the chapter.
FastReport automatically recognizes expressions enclosed in square brackets in the text. But what should be done if our object contains square brackets, and we do not want them to be considered as expressions? For example, if we need to display such text as following:
a := 10
FastReport considers as an expression, and displays the following:
a1 := 10
that is not what we want, of course. One of the ways to avoid such a situation is to disable the expression. Just disable the "AllowExpressions" property ("Allow Expressions" in the context menu), therefore all the expressions in the text will be ignored. In our example, FastReport would then display exactly what we need:
a := 10
Sometimes text is required to contain both an expression and a text in square brackets, for example:
a := [myVar]
Disabling of an expression allows us to display square brackets in the required place, but it also disables handling of expression. In this case, FastReport allows you to use another set of symbols to designate the expression. The "ExpressionDelimiters" property, which is equal to "[,]" by default, is responsible for it. In this case, the user can use angular brackets for the expressions, instead of square ones:
a :=
The "<,>" value must be set in the "ExpressionDelimiters" property. As you can see, the comma divides opening and closing symbols. There is one limitation however: the opening and closing symbols cannot be similar, so "%,%" will not work. One can set several symbols, for example "<%,%>" Thus, our example will look as follows:
a := <%myVar%>


Basic definitions
Dewpoint temperature
The temperature to which the gas must be cooled in order that it should be saturated with water vapour (i.e. 100% relative humidity).
For practical reasons it is referred to water above 0 °C (+32 °F) and ice below 0 °C (+32 °F).
Dewpoint is expressed in degrees Celsius (°C) or degrees Farenheit (°F).
Water vapour pressure
The pressure exerted by the water vapour contained in any mixture of gases. The total pressure exerted by the gas mixture is the sum of the pressures exerted by its components – including the water vapour. Water vapour pressure varies in direct proportion to the total gas. Expressed in units of pressure such as pascals (Pa), millibar (mbar) or millimeters of mercury (mmHg).
Saturation water vapour pressure
The maximum pressure of water vapour that can exist in a gas at a given temperature. Expressed in units of pressure as partial water vapour pressure.
Parts per million by volume
The ratio of the water vapour pressure to the total gas pressure, expressed as ppm(v) or vpm.
Parts per million by weight
The figure is modified according to the ratio of the molecular weight of water vapour to the molecular weight of the carrier gas mixture, expressed as ppm(w).
Absolute humidity
The mass of water vapour in a unit volume of moist gas at a given temperature and pressure. Expressed as grams per cubic metre (g/m³), milligrams per litre (mg/L), milligrams per cubic metre (mg/m³) or pounds of water per million cubic feet of gas (lb/MMSCF).
Relative humidity
The ratio of actual water vapour pressure in the gas to the saturation water vapour pressure at the same temperature.


What is Minimum Production Speed, and why is it necessary?
Minimum Production Speed is the minimum speed at which the machine is considered to be running in production operation; for most machines it should be set to 1 unit rate of production. This parameter is defined to provide some customers with a method to represent actual machine status for specific machines in a way that […]
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text:
The modeling of residual stresses induced by drilling remains an issue. Indeed, even if some models are under development, their validation is limited by the absence of universal characterization method of residual stresses inside the hole. This paper aims at presenting a procedure to characterize the residual stress profile induced by drilling. The principle is based on the preparation of a reference sample that has been pre-heat treated in order to remove bulk residual stresses without modifying the microstructure. Then the sample is instrumented with strain gauges before being cut in two parts. This enables on one hand to estimate the elastic recovery after the cut and on the other hand to provide an easy access to the investigated surface. Finally a standard X-Ray diffractometer and an electropolishing technique are combined to estimate residual stresses profiles in two directions (circumferential and axial directions). Some numerical analyses are also performed to estimate stress relaxation during thermal treatment and during sample cutting to give a better interpretation of measurements.
A Method to Characterize Residual Stresses Induced by Machining
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Girinon, M, Robin, V, Jourden, E, Valiorgue, F, Rech, J, & Feulvarch, E. "A Method to Characterize Residual Stresses Induced by Machining." Proceedings of the ASME 2016 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. Volume 6B: Materials and Fabrication. Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. July 17–21, 2016. V06BT06A001. ASME. _URL_
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source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Grading Policies
The Medical School system of assessing a medical student's progress includes both cognitive and non-cognitive components. In each phase of the program, the student's ability is assessed through observation, practical examinations, and tests of knowledge and problem-solving skills. Professional characteristics essential to the practice of medicine are also considered in the evaluation process.
Grading Scheme
Year 1: Satisfactory/Fail
Year 2: Satisfactory/Fail
Year 3: Honors/High Pass/Pass/Fail
Year 4: Honors/High Pass/Pass/Fail


Emily Cox
. She is also Choir Director at St Mary's Anglican Church, Kangaroo Point where she and organist Christopher Wrench oversee a vibrant music programme. As a conductor and chorus master with a broad repertoire, Emily's work is in demand with professional performing arts companies and major arts festivals. Through the repertoire that she explores with her ensembles, she has introduced Australian audiences to many unusual and beautiful works. A graduate of Dartmouth College (USA) and the Queensland Conservatorium of Music, Emily has had further training overseas with noted choral specialists and is known for her work as a festival and workshop director, adjudicator and educator for all age groups.
Emily Cox is featured on the following titles
Joy To The World
Performer: conductor
Light is integral to colour, and musical integrity is often described in terms of its colour or luminescence. Celebrating Canticum's 21st birthday year, composers were sought whose music reflects a particular sensitivity to the versatility of the choral instrument and which celebrates beautiful text.


text:
What kind of ape was Tarzan raised by?
Dear Straight Dope:
Who or what type of critter was Tarzan raised by? I recall from the books that he disliked gorillas and from the descriptions, chimps are too small. Did old Edgar just make up a whole class of apes?
First answer: yes, it's fiction, and Edgar Rice Burroughs made up the whole thing. He wasn't a naturalist, zoologist or anthropologist, and his jungle animals behaved as he wanted them to, to tell a good story. Reality definitely took a second place. Hell, about a 102nd place. Burroughs did distinguish his great apes from gorillas, but did not identify them further than that.
Now, second answer: The identification of the tribe of apes who raised Tarzan is a matter of serious debate (yes, serious debate) among Tarzan aficionados, much as discussions of the location of Watson's wound are among Sherlock Holmes enthusiasts. The game is the same: Edgar Rice Burroughs wrote accounts of a real person, Tarzan, just as John Watson wrote accounts about a real detective, Sherlock Holmes. The problem is that Burroughs (like Watson, or like his editor Arthur Conan Doyle) tried to conceal the true identities of many of the people and incidents; hence, the accounts are full of distortions and seeming inconsistencies. True aficionados try to pry behind the camouflage, to determine the true events, dates, people, places, etc., and to reconcile the inconsistencies.
(ASIDE: In fact, the Burroughs enthusiasts and the Holmes enthusiasts sometimes find points in common--after all, Tarzan's father John Clayton would have been around the same age as Sherlock Holmes, living contemporarily in London.)
OK, so that's the game: assume the stories are true, and try to explain the inconsistencies.
The first Tarzan book, Tarzan of the Apes, was published in 1912. The first chapters describe how, in 1888, John Clayton, Lord Greystoke, was commissioned to make a "peculiarly delicate investigation" of conditions in an unnamed British colony on the west coast of Africa. He was accompanied by his young wife, Lady Alice. (ASIDE: The exact peerage is somewhat confused, as his wife is sometimes called Lady Alice and sometimes Lady Greystoke. She wouldn't normally be addressed as both. Since Edgar Rice Burroughs says he heard this tale from someone else, it is likely that ERB, an American, was unfamiliar with British peerage and titles. However, this spurs on much debate in the Burroughs Bulletin and among fans, trying to identify who the Greystokes really were, etc.)
There was a mutiny on their ship, and they were abandoned somewhere on the West African coast; they built a hut, foraged for food, kept the dangerous beasts away with guns and fire... and then their son was born. One year later, Alice died in her sleep. The next night, the hut was attacked by apes who killed Clayton. One of the female apes, named Kala, had recently lost her child; she grabbed the infant in the crib, nursed him and adopted him to replace her dead baby. The child was raised by the apes and learned the ways of the jungle. The combination of jungle cunning and his superb British brain not only helped Tarzan survive, they made him leader of the ape tribe, self-styled King of the Apes.
He later discovered the hut, including children's books that the Claytons had brought with them. He learned his origin, that he was not a mutant born of Kala, but a son of the tarmangani (white folks.) He taught himself how to read English, and finally met English-speakers. He learned his true identity as the offspring of a British lord, and became the Tarzan we all know and love, whose exploits are told in 24 books by Burroughs, and in countless movies, radio programs, and TV series.
So, to your question: who or what were these "apes" that raised a human baby? Burroughs described them first as "great man-like figures," dimly seen through the foliage. Then one attacks Alice, and we have the description: "The ape was a great bull, weighing probably three hundred pounds. His nasty, close-set eyes gleamed hatred from beneath his shaggy brows, while his great canine fangs were bared in a horrid snarl as he paused a moment before his prey."
Clayton described it in his diary as an "anthropoid ape," but Clayton (like Burroughs) had not studied either anthropology or zoology. In fact, they are clearly not gorillas, as will be discussed in a moment.
The tribe of great apes call themselves mangani and they appear to be far more humanoid than gorilloid. They have a spoken language and social structure. They are often described in the first two Tarzan books as "gorilla-like apes." But Burroughs had, at that time, no information to the contrary. Once he had taken that approach, of course, he was stuck--even though he later learned more about the mangani, he could not contradict his earlier versions. Consequently, the erroneous description of the mangani as apes was in stone. But Burroughs didn't care; Philip Jose Farmer says, in Tarzan Alive, that Burroughs "was writing novels, and the facts did not always have to be adhered to. Indeed... he sometimes went out of his way to make sure that the reader thought that his Tarzan books were entirely fictional."
So, what are the clues?
In The Jungle Tales of Tarzan, Burroughs mentions "these great manlike apes which the natives of the Gobi speak of in whispers" who "unlike the chimpanzee and the gorilla... walk without the aid of their hands quite as readily as with." The ability to walk entirely upright for long periods of time requires that the pelvises and legs of the mangani must have been more human than ape.
We also know, from several stories, that the mangani were well-developed meat eaters. They also ate insects, birds, eggs, fruit, and nuts; this again suggests an evolution that is more human than gorilla (gorillas are vegetarians). Presumably, Tarzan's adopted mother pre-chewed his food for him; otherwise, his comparatively fragile teeth would not have proved adequate.
The mangani have a spoken language of some complexity. Again, this puts them closer to humans on the evolutionary scale than to any other creature.
And so, although they are called "great apes," the conclusion drawn by most people who study the Tarzan stories is that they are subhumans rather than super-apes, perhaps some rare hominid, such as language-using pithecanthropoids. Philip Farmer speculates that the mangani may be a smaller African variety of the Himalayan yeti or the giant sasquatch of the Pacific Northwest. He offers that they may have been a giant variety of Australopithecus robustus, a hominid supposed to be extinct. They may have been the agogwe of native African legend.
We also know that male mangani were subject to maniacal fits of rage. Farmer speculates that this may be a "nonsurvival trait that had tended to reduce the population of the genus, which had been very low for thousands of years. This instability may have helped them lose out in the race for the kingship of Earth in the dawn of sentience. The gorilla, their closest relative after man, had also lost the race.... The huge vegetarian gorillas, though not nearly as intelligent as the mangani, and not numerous, still outnumbered the mangani by a hundred to one. It is doubtful that there were over two hundred [mangani] left in equatorial Africa in 1889."
Presumably, they are extinct today.
As a final aside, there are only two passing reference in the entire 24 books to chimpanzees. "Cheetah" is an invention of the movie people, and thus not canonical.
Tarzan Alive, by Philip Jose Farmer, Popular Library, New York, 1972.
_URL_, the official website
And, of course, Tarzan of the Apes and The Return of Tarzan, the first two books of the series.
If you'd like more, don't overlook the Burroughs Bulletin, the official journal that has published the speculation, analysis, and praise of fans.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Why Did I Receive a Text From 32858? (American Express or Scam)
Text messages from 32858 are very common in the U.S. In fact, you are bound to find someone online who's received a text message from 32858 without having to search that hard. At the same time, there are many speculations as to who these texts are from and who owns 32858.
That said this post seeks to provide you with definite answers regarding texts from 32858. These include answers to questions such as who owns this 32858 short SMS code, why you are receiving texts from this shortcode, and whether or not a text from 32858 means you've been hacked.
Text From 32858 American Express
Text messages from 32858 are messages from American Express. They usually alert or update their customers via messages through this code.
SMS Short Code 32858
Top on the list of questions many people have once they've received a text from 32858 is who this SMS short code belongs to and thus the need to address this first. This short SMS code belongs to American Express, a multinational financial services corporation based in the U.S.
It usually uses this SMS code to get in touch with its customers to update them on a number of their services or for them to confirm certain activities online that affect their account like let's say a password change.
Text From 32858
Text messages from 32858 or American Express can say many things given the fact that they (American Express) do send such texts to its customers for several reasons.
For example, if you requested a password change for your Personal Savings account online they'll send you a one-time code on your phone via 32858 so as for you to confirm the action.
You are also bound to receive a text from them through this short SMS code 32858 if a withdrawal is made from your account given you've activated this feature.
How Do I Find Out Who Owns This 32858 Short Code?
For this particular code, there are two ways you can go about finding out who owns it. The first one is simply doing an online search on Google. Doing so will see you receive a bunch of results one of which will be American Express. You'll find a link to American Express's website indicating how and when they actually use this 32858 SMS code.
You can as well find out who owns this 32858 code by getting in touch with your network provider. Given the nature of the text, they should be able to share with you details of who is sending you text messages using this code, and in this case, who is sending you messages using it is American Express.
Hackers or Not
The answer to this question is not as direct as some of you might want it to be. There are instances where if you receive a text from 32858 then chances are it's a possible hack. At the same time, there are instances where receiving a text from 32858 doesn't mean that there is a hack.
There is a possible hack if you receive a 6-digit code text message from 32858 with regards to changing the password and you never initiated such a request. In such instances, chances are high that someone is trying to change the password of your Personal Savings account with American Express online.
What Should I Do If I Receive A Text From 32858?
Well, it all depends on what the message says. There are some instances where you will be required to respond to text messages from 32858 while in some you don't have to do anything at all.
For instance, if you've initiated a password change, you'll need to key in the 6-digit code you received through 32858 as instructed. If you've received a text from 32858 informing you of a certain withdrawal you've made then you don't have to do anything.
For more SMS guides related to "Why Did I Receive a Text From 32858," check out:


HTC One A9
Guide Downloads
< < Menu
Changing the video playback speed
Want to add a cinematic flair to your video by slowing down a particular scene? You can vary the playback speed of a selected section of a slow motion video.
 1. In Gallery, open the video you want to play in full screen. You can identify slow motion videos by the icon on the thumbnail.
 2. Tap to switch between normal and slow motion playback.
 3. To adjust the playback speed of the video, tap > Edit > Adjust playback speed.
 5. Drag the slider up or down to choose how fast you want the sequence to play.
 6. Tap to watch the result.
 7. Tap.
The edited video is saved as a copy. The original video remains unedited.
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Question: How Fast Should A 12 Year Old Run?
How fast does a 12 year old run?
The height of the person in question, the specific length of the legs.
It also varies per location in the world.
How fast should a 13 year old be able to run?
The International Association of Athletics Federations recommends that 13-year-olds run no more than 10K at a time — approximately 6.2 miles. At a fast pace of six minutes per mile, this works out to just over 37 minutes, but at a slower pace of 11 minutes per mile, it works out to about an hour and eight minutes.
How long should it take a 13 year old to run 5k?
Average 5k Pace by Age and SexAgeMenWomen1111:13:2911:42:071210:20:1911:20:491310:22:1311:34:271409:28:2411:31:5873 more rows
What is a good mile time for a 12 year old?
How fast can a 11 year old run?
The world best for 11 year-old-boys is 4:23.9 (or is estimated to be this time). For girls: Regional-class is 6:45, national class is 5:55; world-class is 5:15 and the world-best for 11-year-girls of 4:42.9 (or is estimated to be this time). Run faster!
How fast should a 7th grader run a mile?
5:30 or less would be good for 7th grade, and 5:10 or less would be good for eighth grade. If you get sub 5 by the end of 8th grade, you would be really good. In my school, if you're in 8th grade and you get a mile time of around 5:15, you would probably be around 5th best out of the school.
How fast should a 14 year old run 100m?
Can a 12 year old run a half marathon?
About the age of 12 years, children can run a half-marathon. … First, kids' bodies aren't built to keep up an even pace over a long stretch, so the energy cost is more demanding than for an adult.
How fast should a 12 year old run 1500m?
At 12 years old, finishing a 1500m run is good as is, regardless of the time it takes. If you'd still like to keep track of time than I would say anywhere between 8–10 minutes would be great!
Who is the fastest 12 year old?
How fast can Bolt Run mph?
How fast can a girl run?
Who is the fastest kid in the world?
Is 7 minutes good for a mile?
A 7 minute mile time probably means you are somewhat fit, but it doesn't make you a great runner. … Mere seconds are extremely hard to shave off in seconds; a three minute difference is extremely long. So no, this is a good time, but it's not a great time.
Can humans run 100m under 9 seconds?
Overall, the sprinting velocity is a product of step length and step frequency. In his world record run in Berlin 2009, Usain Bolt ran at 12.4m/s in his fastest phase. … For a human to run 100m in under nine seconds, this would require maximum velocity to reach about 13.2m/s.


Skip to main content
This computer learned how to make Mario levels by watching YouTube
This computer learnt how to make Mario levels from YouTube
Researchers at the Georgia Institute of Technology have built a computer that can design videogame levels after watching footage of those games on YouTube. The first test? Mario, of course.
The system ignores the playable character and instead looks at the other elements on screen - pipes, coins, blocks and enemies. From that, it establishes rules - like how pipes in Mario games tend to come out of the ground, and the maximum width that a jump can be. It also looks at which sections players spend the most time on.
"An initial evaluation of our approach indicates an ability to produce level sections that are both playable and close to the original without hand coding any design criteria," said Matthew Guzdial, lead researcher on the project.
Mamma mia!
After watching 17 samples of gameplay, the system was able to output 151 different level sections, and 334 once the constraints were slackened a little. The resulting chunks can be glued together into a level and easily ported into a game engine.
Mark Riedl, who also worked on the system, said that by applying the technique across several games of the same genre, the rules of that genre could be established and entire games created algorithmically. In short, the next hit mobile game might not be designed by humans at all.
The details of the research have been published online.


text:
About Emirate of Ajman
Emirate of Ajman was and still is known as a home for safety. This charming emirate is the smallest emirate of the seven emirates of the United Arab Emirates, located on the Arabian Gulf coast of the northern part of the UAE, and with an area of 260 square kilometers.
Approximately away from Ajman city about 110 km to the south-east with an area of 46 km 2 and includes Masfoot City Mazira area and Assbaygha, and its population descended of the tribes of ancient, such as the tribe Bedwat and bany kaab and is famous for its agriculture, as it has fertile soil and spacious valleys and mild climate which qualified it to be the center of attraction for tourism that is characterized by picturesque nature, where towering mountains like Dfatta mountain, and Laishen mountain, White mountain, as well as its being famous for its spacious valleys such as the Valley of Ghalfa, Alsoamr, Masfoot and Khnfariah and the Valley of Defdaa.
Lies about 73 km from the city of Ajman eastward and align it passes the way across the Emirate of Sharjah and Fujairah area of 26 km2, there is old in Manama a grassland with gravel, sand. Manama area is characterized by picturesque nature as it has high mountains that are rich in magnesium, chromium, and building stones and its valleys are famous for their high fertility and production of agricultural crops.


text:
Atomic-Pile Heat Warms Buildings (May, 1952)
Atomic-Pile Heat Warms Buildings
From an atomic "furnace" that will need "stoking" only once in 30 years, British engineers are taking heat to warm the radiators of 80 offices. The experimental atomic pile is located at Harwell, Britain's atomic-research station. About 180,-000 cubic feet of air per minute are used in cooling the pile, and the engineers decided this hot air could be put to work heating near-by buildings. Now the high-temperature air is passed through heat exchangers which transmit the heat to water. The heat is transferred to a secondary circuit which passes through conventional radiators in the buildings.


text:
spryte (plural sprytes)
- Alternative spelling of
- Archaic or pseudo-archaic spelling of spirit.
- (also Spryte) An off-road vehicle moving on tracks, which is used in amphibious and polar travel.
- (computer graphics, rare) Alternative spelling of (small image representing an entity in a video game)
1995, David L. Needle & Robert Nical, Method for controlling a spryte rendering processor, US Patent _PHONE_:
- A spryte can include scan-lines with no pixels in them, and particular pixels within a spryte can be designated as transparent.


text:
Maintaining ACH Network Quality
Support NACHA Operating Rules Compliance by Reporting Violations
By requiring participants to comply with the NACHA Operating Rules, NACHA maintains a high-quality, secure ACH Network. It's essential that non-compliance issues be resolved fairly and efficiently in order to provide financial institutions and end-users with a reliable Network. To that end, NACHA employs the National System of Fines as an enforcement mechanism for the Rules, allowing Depository Financial Institutions to review, evaluate and correct the circumstances surrounding any possible Rule violation.
NACHA's Members support Rules compliance by reporting those violations, using the procedures below.
The National System of Fines
The National System of Fines provides the structure for evaluating possible Rules violations. Through a formal system of warnings and fines, it corrects infractions and helps ACH Network participants to remain within the Rules' boundaries.
Instructions for Filing
If your organization or financial institution discovers a potential infraction, it should submit the issue to NACHA through a Report of Possible ACH Rules Violation. As the complainant, your organization must be a Participating DFI or ACH Operator that is party to the transaction in question. If that's not the case, your financial institution can file on your behalf.
To submit that report, you'll need the following information:
- Your contact and organization information, as well as your participant status (ODFI, RDFI, ACH Operator or other).
- A clear description of the alleged violation, including the sequence of events and consequences of the violation.
- The specific Rules provision in alleged to be violated.
- Transaction type information:
- SEC Code
- Transaction Code
- Settlement Date
- Dollar Amount
- Trace Number
- Account Number
- Date of Alleged Rules Violation
- Copies of all relevant documents with your report, such as Company/Batch Header Records, Entry Detail Records or Addenda Records
- Any written communication between the complainant and party in alleged violation of the Rules.
- Signature of an authorized representative of the complainant.
Your report must be submitted to NACHA within 90 days of the alleged Rules violation occurrence. If you feel that more than one Participating DFI has committed the same Rules violation, you must submit a separate report for each case.
Each Report of Possible ACH Rules Violation should be either submitted online, or downloaded (form available in the right-hand side bar), completed and sent to NACHA, Attn: Compliance Department by U.S. Mail (2550 Wasser Terrace, Suite 400, Herndon, VA 20171).


Teco Motor Oscillations
Description of the problem:
My Teco motor is oscillating back and forth (humming / screeching).
Try changing the notch filter parameter inside the Teco drives to reduce harmonics.
 1. Press the [Mode] button until you see CN001
 2. Use the up and down arrow keys to set it to CN013
 3. Hold down the [Enter] key until the drive enters the parameter
 Note: Start by setting it to 500. Adjust by 50 at a time. You can use any value from 0-1000.
 4. After you update the parameter, hold down [Enter] again until it goes back to CN013.
 5. Then cycle power to the drive and your setting will be updated
 6. Continue adjusting the parameter until the oscillations cease
Note - This is for reference only, not to be used unless specific instruction is given: CN014 can be widened (lowered) to allow greater range of acceptance for positioning. This will directly affect CN013 setting and should not be used until CN013 adjustments are proven to not be enough tolerance for the application.


Take the 2-minute tour ×
Let me denote $X_n$ the set of transpositions in $n$ elements. Equivalently, $X_n$ is the set of doubletons in $[1,n]\times[1,n]$. The cardinality of $X_n$ is $N=\frac{n(n-1)}{2}$.
If $f:{\mathbb Z}/N{\mathbb Z}\rightarrow X_n$ is a bijection, let us denote $$r(f):=\min\{|\ell-m|;\ell\ne m\quad\hbox{and}\quad f(\ell)\cap f(m)\ne\emptyset\}.$$ Finally, let us define $$R_n:=\max\{r(f);\hbox{bijections}\quad f:{\mathbb Z}/N{\mathbb Z}\rightarrow X_n\}.$$
What is the asymptotics of $R_n$ as $n\rightarrow+\infty$. Is it $R_n\sim cn$ for some $c\in(0,\frac12)$? Or do we have $R_n=o(n)$?
My motivation comes from a numerical algorithm due to Jacobi for the calculation of the spectrum of Hermitian matrices. Each step operates on a pair of rows/columns, with the effect of settong the entry $a_{ij}$ to zero. Once one has act on a row, it seems better to avoid coming back to it too soon. On an other hand, one needs to visit every pairs $(i,j)$ every $N$ steps.
share|improve this question
2 Answers 2
up vote 11 down vote accepted
Close to $n/2$ is possible. I'll do odd $n$ and leave even $n$ for someone else's pleasure.
Let $m=(n-1)/2$. For $i=0,\ldots,n-1$ and $j=1,\ldots,m$, let $M(i,j)$ be the pair $\{i-j,i+j\}$ (all values taken mod $n$, of course). The solution is $$ M(0,1).\ldots,M(0,m),M(1,1),\ldots,M(1,m),\ldots,M(n-1,1),\ldots,M(n-1,m).$$
Graph theorists will note that this is a standard 1-factorization of $K_n$ listed one factor at a time.
$M(i,j_1)$ and $M(i,j_2)$ are disjoint for $j_1\ne j_2$, so the only chance of two overlapping pairs being closer than $m$ positions is two pairs of the form $M(i,j_1)$ and $M(i+1,j_2)$. A little thought shows that $M(i,j)$ overlaps $M(i+1,j-1)$ and $M(i+1,j+1)$ and no other pairs $M(i+1,j')$. Thus the minimum separation is $m-1=(n-3)/2$.
There are $n-1$ pairs $\{0,j\}$, so two of them must be at most distance $\lfloor N/(n-1)\rfloor = (n-1)/2$, still assuming $n$ is odd. This shows that the solution above is at most 1 worse than the optimum.
EDIT: For even $n$, $(n-2)/2$ is achievable and is optimal. The remaining loose end is whether $(n-1)/2$ is possible for odd $n$.
share|improve this answer
That's very neat. I tried for something like that but couldn't do better than $n/4$. – Noam D. Elkies Sep 6 '11 at 4:25
Thanks. In the case of $n$ odd and separation $m=(n−1)/2$, any $m$ pairs in a row must be a matching, and any $2m$ in a row must be a hamiltonian path. I didn't find such a solution for $n=5$ but I didn't yet try systematically. – Brendan McKay Sep 6 '11 at 5:22
Unless my program has a bug (for the first time ever ;), there are no solutions for $n$ odd and separation $m=(n−1)/2$ with $5\le n\le 23$. So I conjecture that $(n-3)/2$ is optimal. – Brendan McKay Sep 6 '11 at 9:40
And of course, $n$ odd implies that the map $(i,j)\mapsto(i-j,i+j)$ is a bijection. – Denis Serre Sep 6 '11 at 12:50
$R_n \geq n/16$ can be obtained by starting from an arbitrary $f$ and then switching pairs of transpositions to get rid of any overlapping pairs whose images are too close to each other.
Suppose $r(f) < k$, and suppose $f(l)$ overlaps some $f(m)$ with $0 < |l-m| < k$. We want to find some $l'\in{\bf Z}/N{\bf Z}$ such that:
$f(l')$ does not overlap $f(m)$ for any $m \neq l$ with $|l-m| < k$, and
$f(l)$ does not overlap $f(m')$ for any $m' \neq l'$ with $|l'-m'| < k$.
Now any transposition overlaps with $2n-4$ others. Thus each of our two conditions excludes at most $(2n-4) (2k-2)$ choices of $l'$. We must also exclude the $2n-4$ choices of $l'$ such that $f(l')$ itself overlaps with $f(l)$. As long as $N-1 > (2n-4)(4k-3)$, we can find such $l'$. Since $N = (n^2-n)/2$, this condition is satisfied as long as $k < n/16 - O(1)$; indeed since $N-1 = (n-2)(n+1)/2$ our condition simplifies to $k \leq (n+13)/16$. So if $k \leq (n+13)/16$ we can switch two transpositions so as to increase by at least $1$ the number of transpositions without an offending overlap. Doing this at most $N$ times yields a bijection $f: {\bf Z}/N{\bf Z} \rightarrow X_n$ with $r(f) \geq k$, as claimed.
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Looking for a job? Research suggests your fitness matters
George Guerin | Fitness Blogger By George Guerin | Fitness Blogger
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on January 29, 2013 at 8:00 AM, updated January 29, 2013 at 8:09 AM
It is common knowledge that a person's health can directly impact their concentration and dedication to work, but a new study also reveals how it can affect your place in the job market. The Center for Creative Leadership Study stresses the value of fitness in the life of someone in a leadership position, CEO's in particular. The study concludes that a CEO who is in shape makes a strong leader and has more energy to carry out the job effectively.
From 2006 to 2010 researchers collected data from 757 executives about weight perceptions based on peer reviews and health screenings. Barry Posner, a professor who teaches leadership classes at Santa Clara University's Leavey School of Business, admits "We have stereotypes about fat…so when we see a senior executive who's overweight, our initial reaction isn't positive." The research revealed that due to society's perception of weight, obesity insinuates a lack of judgment, stamina, and self-control. Posner further admits that all of the Fortune 500 CEO's that he knows are all of a normal weight, while some may argue that they can afford to be.
Some feel that these judgments are based on changing times. They claim that at one point climbing the corporate ladder was about sacrificing time, even if that means no sleep, poor eating habits and lots of stress, which all can contribute to weight gain. But now many CEO's have image consultants who stress the importance of appearance. They emphasize that being in the public's eye means being ready for public speaking, the camera, and demonstrating an ideal lifestyle. Being successful means having the time to make money as well as the resources to have a life. These resources for some include having a personal trainer and top level meals. For those looking for that big promotion or that dream job, getting into shape might just get you the impression that you need to land the job.


Configuring PXF Servers
 - Supporting file-based connector and user configuration
 - Providing connector-specific template configuration files
A PXF Server definition is simply a named configuration that provides access to a specific external data store. A PXF server name is the name of a directory residing in $PXF_CONF/servers/. The information that you provide in a server configuration is connector-specific. For example, a PXF JDBC Connector server definition may include settings for the JDBC driver class name, URL, username, and password. You can also configure connection-specific and session-specific properties in a JDBC server definition.
PXF provides a server template file for each connector; this template identifies the typical set of properties that you must configure to use the connector.
You will configure a server definition for each external data store that Greenplum Database users need to access. For example, if you require access to two Hadoop clusters, you will create a PXF Hadoop server configuration for each cluster. If you require access to an Oracle and a MySQL database, you will create one or more PXF JDBC server configurations for each database.
A server configuration may include default settings for user access credentials and other properties for the external data store. You can allow Greenplum Database users to access the external data store using the default settings, or you can configure access and other properties on a per-user basis. This allows you to configure different Greenplum Database users with different external data store access credentials in a single PXF server definition.
About Server Template Files
The configuration information for a PXF server resides in one or more -site.xml files in $PXF_CONF/servers//.
PXF provides a template configuration file for each connector. These server template configuration files are located in the $PXF_CONF/templates/ directory after you initialize PXF:
gpadmin@gpmaster$ ls $PXF_CONF/templates
adl-site.xml hbase-site.xml jdbc-site.xml s3-site.xml
core-site.xml hdfs-site.xml mapred-site.xml wasbs-site.xml
gs-site.xml hive-site.xml minio-site.xml yarn-site.xml
You specify credentials to PXF in clear text in configuration files.
About the Default Server
PXF defines a special server named default. When you initialize PXF, it automatically creates a $PXF_CONF/servers/default/ directory. This directory, initially empty, identifies the default PXF server configuration. You can configure and assign the default PXF server to any external data source. For example, you can assign the PXF default server to a Hadoop cluster, or to a MySQL database that your users frequently access.
Configuring a Server
When you configure a PXF connector to an external data store, you add a named PXF server configuration for the connector. Among the tasks that you perform, you may:
 4. Fill in appropriate default values for the properties in the template file.
 5. Add any additional configuration properties and values required for your environment.
 6. Configure one or more users for the server configuration as described in About Configuring a PXF User.
 7. Synchronize the server and user configuration to the Greenplum Database cluster.
Note: You must re-sync the PXF configuration to the Greenplum Database cluster after you add or update PXF server configuration.
After you configure a PXF server, you publish the server name to Greenplum Database users who need access to the data store. A user only needs to provide the server name when they create an external table that accesses the external data store. PXF obtains the external data source location and access credentials from server and user configuration files residing in the server configuration directory identified by the server name.
To configure a PXF server, refer to the connector configuration topic:
Configuring a PXF User
You can configure access to an external data store on a per-server, per-Greenplum-user basis.
You configure external data store user access credentials and properties for a specific Greenplum Database user by providing a -user.xml user configuration file in the PXF server configuration directory, $PXF_CONF/servers//. For example, you specify the properties for the Greenplum Database user named bill in the file $PXF_CONF/servers//bill-user.xml. You can configure zero, one, or more users in a PXF server configuration.
The properties that you specify in a user configuration file are connector-specific. You can specify any configuration property supported by the PXF connector server in a -user.xml configuration file.
For example, suppose you have configured access to a PostgreSQL database in the PXF JDBC server configuration named pgsrv1. To allow the Greenplum Database user named bill to access this database as the PostgreSQL user named pguser1, password changeme, you create the user configuration file $PXF_CONF/servers/pgsrv1/bill-user.xml with the following properties:
If you want to configure a specific search path and a larger read fetch size for bill, you would also add the following properties to the bill-user.xml user configuration file:
For each PXF user that you want to configure, you will:
 1. Identify the name of the Greenplum Database user.
 2. Identify the PXF server definition for which you want to configure user access.
 3. Identify the name and value of each property that you want to configure for the user.
 4. Create/edit the file $PXF_CONF/servers//-user.xml, and add the outer configuration block:
 5. Add each property/value pair that you identified in Step 3 within the configuration block in the -user.xml file.
 6. If you are adding the PXF user configuration to previously configured PXF server definition, synchronize the user configuration to the Greenplum Database cluster.
About Configuration Property Precedence
A PXF server configuration may include default settings for user access credentials and other properties for accessing an external data store. Some PXF connectors, such as the S3 and JDBC connectors, allow you to directly specify certain server properties via custom options in the CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE command LOCATION clause. A -user.xml file specifies property settings for an external data store that are specific to a Greenplum Database user.
For a given Greenplum Database user, PXF uses the following precedence rules (highest to lowest) to obtain configuration property settings for the user:
 1. A property that you configure in /-user.xml overrides any setting of the property elsewhere.
 2. A property that is specified via custom options in the CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE command LOCATION clause overrides any setting of the property in a PXF server configuration.
 3. Properties that you configure in the PXF server definition identify the default property values.
These precedence rules allow you create a single external table that can be accessed by multiple Greenplum Database users, each with their own unique external data store user credentials.
Using a Server Configuration
For example, the following command accesses an S3 object store using the server configuration defined in the $PXF_CONF/servers/s3srvcfg/s3-site.xml file:
CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE pxf_ext_tbl(name text, orders int)
CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE pxf_ext_hdfs(location text, miles int)
A Greenplum Database user who queries or writes to an external table accesses the external data store with the credentials configured for the user. If no user-specific credentials are configured for , the Greenplum user accesses the external data store with the default credentials configured for .


The stained glass quadrilateral project
IMG_20140527_115328My Math 9 class is studying quadrilaterals, and I wanted them to investigate how quadrilaterals could tile and create other shapes, so I found a project for creating stained-glass window designs from tiled quadrilaterals.
Stained Glass assignment
To the left and below are some examples of student work. Some of the best pieces used quadrilaterals to set a scene or tell a story. As well as making the stained glass the students had to write up how they used quadrilaterals in the piece.


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April 10, 2023
Éva Tardos, the Jacob Gould Schurman Professor of Computer Science and department chair in the Cornell Ann S. Bowers College of Computing and Information Science, has been awarded the Brouwer Medal Award by the Netherlands Mathematical Congress (NMC) for her enduring contributions to the field of discrete mathematics.
In selecting Tardos, the NMC – the main congress of the Royal Dutch Mathematical Society – cited her influential work in combinatorial optimization, approximation algorithms, and algorithmic game theory.
"We are impressed by the many contributions that Éva Tardos has made throughout her career, as a leading researcher shaping the research fields that she is active in," the NMC jury wrote in their announcement. The award is named after Luitzen Egbertus Jan Brouwer, a Dutch mathematician and philosopher who is considered one of the great mathematical minds of the 20th century. "Her results have also impacted a broad range of application fields, ranging from operations research to network analysis."
The jury also commended her skills and efforts in being a role model and mentor to a new generation of researchers.
As part of the award, Tardos will present a talk at the NMC's Scientific Days conference on April 12.


text: [en] In the present paper, three solutions are proposed to simulate fast phenomena with finite element method at best. At first, material constitutive laws of Johnson-Cook and Zerilli-Armstrong types are implemented. These well-known laws are efficient for the description of material behavior at high velocities, especially for material used in automotive or aeronautics industry. The second contribution of this paper is the coupling of an implicit Chung-Hulbert algorithm taking into account the inertial effects with a staggered scheme for solving the thermal problem. The last input of this paper is the use of EAS (Enhanced Assumed Strain) finite elements to better capture complex strain modes, especially bending that is not accurately evaluated with classical finite elements. These EAS finite elements are used in the scope of thermomechanical dynamic phenomena implemented in a modular C++ environment at the University of Liege in the home made software METAFOR.


text:
Are your cookies raw in the middle, or have they become hard? How to tell when cookies are done is partly a matter of taste because what's crispy to some bakers is overdone to others. Just a minute or two in the oven separates gooey cookies from cookies that are still raw in the middle or crispy cookies from those that are too far gone. Fortunately, there are several ways to check if cookies are done to avoid these cookie catastrophes.
Set the Timer for the Minimum Time
First, before baking cookies, use an oven thermometer to make sure your oven is actually the temperature that is given on the oven dial.
Always check on cookies at the minimum time given in your recipe. You can easily cook them longer if necessary, but you can't "uncook" cookies that have baked too long and are now too hard or too brown. If they need a minute or two longer, be sure to reset the timer for those extra minutes. Thinking you'll just give them a bit longer without setting a precise time is a recipe for getting distracted and letting the cookies burn.
Lift to See the Bottom
Nearly all cookies will brown at least a little on the bottom while they cook, and some recipes even give you a color for which to look, such as slightly brown or light brown. For example, cookies like snowballs – also known as butterballs or Mexican wedding cookies – should not brown on top. The only way to know for sure that they're done is to roll one over and see that it's just slightly brown on the bottom.
Check the Edges
Many times, the recipe will tell you that the edges should be slightly brown or "just beginning to brown." Edges brown before the middle, so the edges can burn while the middle is still cooking. Some cookies – sugar cookies, for example – are best when the edges are set but not brown. You can check the edges visually without lifting the cookie, and with practice, you'll be able to see that the edges look more set than the center of the cookie, even when the edges are not yet brown.
If the recipe tells you to let the cookies cool on the cookie sheet for two minutes as chocolate chip cookie recipes do, that means the cookies will continue to cook while cooling because the sheet is still very hot. In these cases, you can experiment with the timing of removing the cookies from the oven.
The centers might look like they still need more cooking, and they will do that while they're resting on the cookie sheet. If you wait until the middle is totally cooked, you may find that your cookies are overdone after they cool on the cookie sheet.
Use the Toothpick Test to Know if Cookies Are Done
When cookies are thicker – like when baking brownies, which are essentially bar cookies – you can sometimes use a simple wooden toothpick to test and see if they're done. Insert the toothpick into the middle of the brownies or other bar cookie, and if the toothpick is free of cookie particles when you pull it out, they're done. In fact, they're probably done even if a few particles stick to the toothpick.
If it looks like batter is sticking to the toothpick, though, they're not done unless you're going for gooey brownies. If that's the case, only you can truly know when the brownies are done because cooking time depends on how gooey you like them. Just know that a minute is a long time to a cookie, and going from raw batter to gooey center can be the difference of only a minute or two.


Meeting Banner
Abstract #1025
Organ-based estimation of the chronological age based on 3D MRI scans
Sherif Abdulatif1, Karim Armanious1,2, Anish Rao Bhaktharaguttu1, Thomas Küstner2, Bin Yang1, and Sergios Gatidis2
1University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany, 2University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
Age is an essential clinical parameter. It is often utilized as a risk factor for various disorders with the potential of influencing therapeutic decisions. However, a discrepancy exists between the chronological age (CA) and the biological age (BA) of an individual due to many factors such as medical history, genetics and lifestyle. In this preliminary work, we propose a novel deep-learning architecture for organ-specific CA estimation from 3D MR volumes for the brain and knee. We hypothesize that the introduced organ-specific approach would enable future analysis of the BA as different organs are expected to exhibit different aging characteristics.
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text:
measure the amount of power used. These probes could be as simple as a plug load power probe between the device and the electrical outlet. They could require more extensive probes placed on the system board monitoring various power rails such as those required to execute the EEMBC Energybench benchmark.
The second category, power state profiling tools, employs an indirect method of measuring power utilization. Instead of directly measuring power, this class of tool measures and reports on the amount of time spent in different power states. The objective when using these tools is to understand what activities are causing the processor to enter C0 and to minimize them.
The goal of power tuning is two-fold:
- Minimize time in active state.
- Maximize time in inactive state.
On the surface it may seem like these goals are redundant; however in practice both are required. Power is expended in transitioning into and out of idle modes. A processor that is repeatedly waking up and then going back to sleep may consume more power than a processor that has longer periods in an active state. In general, the end result is for the system to be in idle mode 90 percent of the time. Of course, this end result depends on the specific workload and application. Techniques to meet this goal follow one of two tuning strategies, which are summarized as follows:
- Race to Idle. The tasks are executed as quickly as possible to enable the system to idle. This approach typically entails aggressive performance optimization using similar techniques as single core and multi-core performance tuning.
- Idle mode optimization. Iteratively add software components executing on the system and analyze power state transitions to ensure these components are as nondisruptive to power utilization as possible.
High power utilization has several causes, including:
- Poor computational efficiency
- Poor memory management
- Bad timer and interrupt behavior
- Poor power awareness
- Bad multithreading behavior


Mining project behind Greenland political upheaval
In snap elections April 6, Greenland's indigenous-led left-environmentalist party Inuit Ataqatigiit (Community of the People) won 37% of the vote, overtaking the longtime incumbents, the social-democratic Siumut (Forward) party. At the center of the race was a contentious mining project that Inuit Ataqatigiit aggressively campaigned against. The Kvanefjeld rare-earth mineral project, near Narsaq in Greenland's south, has divided the territory's political system for more than a decade. Greenland Minerals, the Australian company behind the project, says the mine has the "potential to become the most significant Western world producer of rare earths," adding that it would also produce uranium. But the Chinese giant Shenghe Resources owns 11% of Greenland Minerals—raising concerns about Beijing's perceived design to establish control over the planet's rare earth minerals.
Rare earth minerals constitute a crucial part of the high-tech global supply chain, used in the manufacture of cellphones, other digital devices, and the rechargeable batteries in electric cars. Some 90% of global production is currently under Chinese control.
Inuit Ataqatigiit will have to negotiate a coalition to form a government, needing at least 16 of the 31 seats in the territory's parliament, the Inatsisartut, for a majority. The party itself only won enough votes for 12 seats. The snap election was called after the previous Siumut-led coalition government collapsed amid an internal power struggle. Siumut had governed Greenland since 1979, apart from a period from 2009 to 2013 when Inuit Ataqatigiit was in power. Upon returning to power in 2013, Siumut oversaw the repeal of a law that had banned the extraction of radioactive minerals such as uranium.
Greenland is an autonomous territory that is under the sovereignty of Denmark but effectively self-governing. Although it has a population of just 56,000, the election has been closely followed internationally—both due to the question of control of strategic minerals and because Inuit Ataqatigiit supports formal independence from Denmark. (NYT, Al Jazeera, Reuters, APNPR, NPRBBC NewsEuroNewsEye on the Arctic, Polar Connection)


Emergency Tourniquet Trainers
TraumaSim Group were the first inventors and manufacturer of the Emergency Tourniquet Trainer and was developed in conjunction with both the Australian and Israel Defence forces with 1,000 now around the world, allowing students to train repeatedly in a safe environment.
These units are silicone with realistic wounds connected to a pump. Simulated blood flowing from the wound is stopped when the tourniquet is correctly applied. The fleshy wound end can also be used to demonstrate and practice stump dressing technique.


American in Spain
The Shadower - Realistic Drop Shadows in Javascript
December 4, 2006
This has been done before, but not in such a simple and elegant way, in my opinion. This implementation has four important features that separate it from the rest: no images, no messy nested divs in your html code, no CSS, and realistic fading shadows! It is based on the Prototype Javascript Framework, and requires version 1.5, which you can get here.
Some Examples
Other drop shadow libraries that eschew images, provide their shadow by adding an absolutely positioned div just behind the object. Like so...
Example 1
(Drag Me Around)
I think you'll agree that that looks pretty bad. But it's a lot better with a little opacity tweak...
Example 2
(Drag Me Around)
But it still just looks like a gray box under there, doesn't it? That's where the magic of The Shadower comes in. Rather than just one gray box, it uses several successively smaller boxes stacked on top of each other to create a realistic drop shadow that really fades into the background.
Example 3
(Drag Me Around)
Now, doesn't that look better? Drag it up next to the others if you aren't convinced.
So how do I use it?
There are five parameters to play with in getting your drop shadow just right.
distance [default: 8]
The distance away from the shadowed element to draw the shadow. This can also be thought of as the height "above the page" of the shadowed object
angle [default: 130]
The direction away from the shadowed element to draw the shadow. It is measured in degrees from the vertical. If you think of it like the numbers on a clock, 12 is at 0°, 3 is at 90°, 6 is at 180°, 9 is at 270°, etc. The default angle of 130 would be between 3 and 4 on the clock face.
opacity [default: 0.7]
The opacity of the shadow, measured between 0.0 and 1.0.
nestedShadows [default: 4]
This is the number of gradually darker shadows to draw under the shadowed element.
color [default: #000000]
This is the color of the shadow. The default black color is good enough for most uses, but you can change it if you want.
Go ahead! Play with it!
Test Example
(Drag Me Around)
Presets: Example 1Example 2Example 3
Ideally, you should set a CSS class on any elements that you want shadowed, and then call Shadower.shadowWithClass() on page load. Like so...
This div is shadowed
So what are you waiting for? Download it and start using it!
I have not yet tested this on all browsers. If you have any problems, please either leave a comment on this blog entry or email me at erikwordpressplugins -atgmail.


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Right from the start, the electricity supply network has been the backbone of growth and development in South Australia.
In its early days, the arrival of electricity supply rapidly improved the quality of life of South Australians.
As South Australia matured, the expanding transmission network opened up new industries and opportunities. Today, our modern transmission network continues to support South Australians by providing safe, affordable and reliable energy solutions to power homes, businesses and the economy.
In 1998, the South Australian Premier, John Olsen, announced the privatisation of the Electricity Trust of South Australia (ETSA). The subsequent separation and sale saw the establishment of ElectraNet. The distribution network retained the name, trading under ETSA Utilities, now known as SA Power Networks.
On 31 October 2000, ElectraNet began trading as a private company, operating South Australia's high-voltage electricity transmission network.
The building that hosts ElectraNet's corporate headquarters in Rymill Park was built in 1908, and was originally used as an electrical converter station for Adelaide's horse-drawn tramway system. The construction of the converter station was one of the first steps in the modernisation of what was Adelaide's major form of public transport at the time.
In 1984, the building was registered for State Heritage. It's a rare example of a building type that became obsolete due to technological and architectural changes. The designers of the original converter station, English and Soward, also created many other original foundations for the East End cultural precinct of Adelaide.
Rymill Park sits on the eastern fringes of Adelaide's central business district. This area of Adelaide boasts historic charm with modern sophistication. Adelaide's East End features original 19th century architecture contrasting with ultra-modern interiors – and ElectraNet's corporate headquarters is no exception.
South Australia's electricity journey started back in 1885, when J.W.H Hullet became the first person to light a private residence through what was known as a hydro-electric plant. But it wasn't until 1897 that the South Australian Parliament passed a bill to form a privately owned electricity company to generate and transmit power to the Port Adelaide area.
The demand for electricity soared throughout the early 1900s. By 1917, electricity supplies had been extended to Norwood, Unley, Hindmarsh and Thebarton, and the demand was so high that the powerhouse that had initially been built in Grenfell Street needed to expand its capacity. By 1923, a further power station was built in Osborne to cope with customer demand.
The 1920s saw new transmission lines being built, expanding out past the metropolitan area. By the Second World War, transmission lines were delivering power to the farmlands of South Australia, providing electricity to industrial sites and important war-effort supply stores.
Eventually, the South Australian Government reasoned that adequate, reliable and centrally planned electricity supply was key to the growth of the state's industry and agriculture. The Government formed the Electricity Trust of South Australia (ETSA) and nationalised privately owned electricity companies.
During the 1950s, the Port Augusta power stations came online and the Power Line Carrier communications system was first used to relay a conversation between Northfield and Port Augusta. It enabled the remote operation and monitoring of the transmission network. ElectraNet has the largest private telecommunications network in the state.
The Northern Power Station was commissioned in 1985 to supply additional base load power. The connection between Adelaide and Port Augusta was also reinforced to meet the growing demands of metropolitan Adelaide. Around the same time, an agreement was made to connect the transmission networks of Victoria and South Australia, and an interconnector was built in Heywood, Victoria.
ElectraNet enters the story in 1998, when the South Australian Premier, John Olsen, announced the privatisation of ETSA. We began trading as a private company in 2000.
In 2005, Cathedral Rocks became the first wind farm connected to ElectraNet's transmission network. We have become the largest connector of wind generation in Australia, and the second largest wind-to-load ratio in the world.
With demand for electricity continuing to grow in South Australia, we bolstered the high-voltage supply to Adelaide CBD with a new underground cable in 2011. Our commitment to providing stable, reliable, and high quality electricity continues, with the interconnector in Heywood next in line to be upgraded in the near future, to increase the capacity in both directions by 40%.
You can learn more about South Australia's electrical history and defining moments by reading 'Our Heritage'.


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photo credit: anabis
Something long and thin wriggles past you in the countryside. The knee-jerk response may be that you've just seen a snake but how can you be certain that what you've seen isn't a slow worm instead? Let's take a closer look at slow worms and the different species of snake present in the UK to give you a better idea of how to correctly identify and distinguish between snakes and slow worms.
There are a number of factors that can help us to tell the difference between slow worms and snakes. Some are "dead certs" – almost guaranteed to ensure you have the correct identification – whilst others are less certain and in these cases it may be necessary to use a number of different factors in order to be reasonably confident about an identification.
This is especially so if you only had a fleeting glimpse out of the corner of your eye rather than a good long look at the reptile in question. Wherever possible – both to make identification easier and to serve as a reminder in the future – try to take a few photographs of the animal in question.
These don't need to be "award winning" nature photographs – certainly mine aren't – but when a creature could vanish at any second grabbing a few quick pictures that you can analyze at your leisure later on can not only make your identifications more accurate but also more enjoyable as you sit and ponder them at a later date in the comfort of your own home.
Whilst the body of most snakes tends to taper gently from the mid section down to a fine point at the end of the tail the slow worm typically appears far chunkier with the "tail" appearing far blunter and ending far more sharply. In addition, be aware that unlike snakes, slow worms can "drop" their tails like many other lizards and so this can lead to an even "stubbier-looking" tail than normal.
The head shape differs between slow worms and snakes but it can be quite a subtle feature so isn't recommended as the only identification source. In general the species of British snakes tend to have rather flatter-looking heads than the higher, rounder head of the slow worm. Remember that the slow worm is a lizard and not a snake and when you look closely at them it can be quite easy to see that their head is more lizard-like than snake-like.
Grass snakes, smooth snakes and adders all typically have quite clearly-defined patterns to help with camouflage. Spots and stripes are common in these species while the slow worm is typically a reasonably uniform brown in colour. Younger specimens may have stripes of colour but these tend to be longitudinal (from head to tail) rather than the more lateral marking of, for example, an adder.
British snakes feed on a variety of prey including frogs and small mammals but slow worms are rather different in that they prefer small invertebrate prey. Slugs are a perfect example of the type of food they enjoy and so should you see a "slow worm" eating a frog for example, it's almost certainly actually a snake.
Snakes have sealed eyelids through which they see which makes them appear to have no eyelids. As a result they are also incapable of blinking. As lizards however, slow worms do have eye lids and with patience you may even see them blink. Blinking, therefore, is a guaranteed indicator that what you have seen is a slow worm and not a snake.
Of course baby snakes are smaller than adults but overall slow worms are far smaller than most of the British species of snake. Baby slow worms – which are born live rather than in egg form – can be just a few inches long and even the adult rarely exceed more than a foot. Compare this to the size that an adder or a grass snake may achieve and a smaller-sized, serpent-like creature is more likely to be a slow worm than a snake.
Thanks to their preferred prey, slow worms are most likely to be seen after rain and/or in the early evening where they will be searching for small invertebrates to eat. In contrast adders and grass snakes are often seen basking in the heat of the day though a slow worm that has been disturbed from it's hiding place may still be seen at these times of day.
Adders, generally, seem to prefer heathland habitats, grass snakes those with open water in the form of ponds or streams while slow worms can be seen in a variety of habitats though grassland areas is where they are most often observed.
Telling a slow worm from a snake can take a little practise but hopefully you can see there are a number of factors that you can use to help you make a definitive identification.


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What are the uses of gabion mesh?
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What are the uses of gabion mesh?
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The gabion mesh can be used for slope protection, slope vegetation, filtration of harmful substances in water, protection of landslides, etc. It can also be made into gabion cages, mesh mats, etc. used for riverside protection to prevent soil erosion and cause unnecessary losses. Its flexible structure can adapt to the changes of the slope without being destroyed, and the better structure has safer stability; it has strong anti-erosion ability and can withstand huge flow pressure; it has water permeability and strong filtration of groundwater itself. Sexuality can make harmful substances in water precipitate in the crevices, and it is also conducive to the growth of local vegetation and restore the ecological environment.
The gabion cages made from gabions mesh have the following advantages:
 1. The construction is simple, effective and saves a lot of manpower and material resources, only need to put the stone into the cage and then seal it, no other technical skills, just artificial production, no machinery and other equipment.
 2. The production cost is low and the production of gabion cages will not cost too much.
 3, the overall image is clean and tidy, will not give people the impression of messy, and the protective effect is also better.
 4. The service life of gabion cages is relatively long. Under normal circumstances, the lifespan of Shilong nets can be as long as several decades. Moreover, there is no need for maintenance and there is no technical convenience. Because of this, we have adopted this technology in many riverside areas of our country.
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I am trying to prove that:
(uv)R = vRuR
where R is the reversal of a String defined recursively as:
aR = a
(wa)R = awR
I think I have the base case right, but I am having trouble with the inductive step and final proof.
here is what I have:
Base Step
prove for n = 1 where |uv| = 1
(uv)R = uReR = uR = u (where e is the empty string)
I dont really know where to go from here, any help would be great.
share|improve this question
Instead of doing induction over the entire $|uv|$, let the induction variable be just $|v|$ and keep the $u$ constant-but-arbitrary throughout the induction proof. (Also, since $u$ can be empty, the base case should probably be $|u|=0$ rather than $|u|=1$). – Henning Makholm Sep 3 '11 at 22:01
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1 Answer
up vote 2 down vote accepted
I agree with Henning that your induction should be on $|v|$. Note in the case $|v| = 1$, you're done by definition. It's probably also worth mentioning something about the empty string for completeness.
Let me demonstrate how I would prove this for $|v| = 3$ supposing we knew this were true for when $|v| = 2$. This should illustrate how you should prove $|v| = n$ from assuming $|v| = n - 1$ is valid.
Let $v = v_1v_2v_3$ be a string of length 3. Assume the claim is true for strings of length 2. Then $(uv)^R = (uv_1v_2v_3)^R$. By the recursive definition, $(uv_1v_2v_3)^R = v_3(uv_1v_2)^R$. Note $v_1v_2$ is a string of length 2, so we have $v_3(uv_1v_2)^R = v_3(v_1v_2)^Ru^R$. But by definition, $v_3(v_1v_2)^Ru^R = v_3v_2v_1u^R = (v_1v_2v_3)^Ru^R$.
In almost all inductive proofs, it helps to prove a few small cases by using even smaller cases. If you're still having trouble, try proving this for $|v| = 4$ by using the same ideas as above.
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thanks, this cleared up a lot for me. – Hunter McMillen Sep 3 '11 at 23:08
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text: Chladni figures are a visual manifestation of sound vibrations. On the basis of his studies of sounding bodies Chladni has been called the father of acoustics. In 1787 he investigated the vibrations of flat plates, and the patterns produced by certain sounds. He scattered fine sand evenly over a horizontal glass plate, clamped at one end, and set it in vibration with a violin bow; symmetrical patterns were formed where the sand gathered. That is, the black lines represented the parts of the plate that vibrated least and sand collected in the areas that were relatively still. Chladni's interest in the figures arose from hearing different sounds produced by vibrating plates: "I had observed that a sheet of glass or metal gave very different tones if it was struck when held in different positions". He then related these different tones to the patterns of vibration of the plates, which could be shown by configurations in the sand. The sounds and patterns varied with the points at which the plate was held. Initially round plates were used, and he experimented with a variety of shapes, like triangular, rectangular, hexagonal, semicircular, and elliptical plates. However, bowing square plates became the standard procedure. One of the features of the Chladni figures is that they could be analysed quantitatively. Chladni is shown in an array of figures formed by vibrating a flat, sand-strewn plate.


text:
Numerical analysis of penetration, radiation, and scattering for a 2D slotted semielliptical channel filled with isorefractive material
journal contributionposted on 03.02.2014, 00:00 by Danilo Erricolo, Michael D. Lockard, Chalmers M. Butler, Piergiorgio L.E. Uslenghi
Electromagnetic penetration through an aperture into a cavity is considered. The structure of interest comprises a slotted infinite conducting plane backed by a semielliptical channel. Three independent integral equations are used to study the structure of interest,for which analytical expressions are derived in another paper and involve summations of Mathieu functions. Numerical results from the analytical expressions for the electromagnetic fields are compared with those from integral equation methods for various cases of excitation and isorefractive materials. The agreement is excellent in all cases.


If i were to create a Web Builder System, does MS Personel Web Server (PWS)
capable of :
1. Handling task such as FTP for a few user? meaning that does PWS allows
more than one user to FTP at the same time?
2. Creating user account if the user has registered to this system?
3. Assigning a URL to the registered user?
4. Allow the user to view the registered user page once the user using the
URL that have been assigned by the system?
i'll be very much appriciated if anyone who could answer those questions
as i need it really urgently. Thank You.


text:
LEFTY: A Two-view Editor for Technical Pictures (thesis)
This thesis describes LEFTY, a two-view graphics editor for technical pictures. This editor has no hardwired knowledge about specific picture layouts or editing operations. Each picture is described by a program that contains functions to draw the picture and functions to perform editing operations that
are appropriate for the specific picture. Primitive user actions, like mouse and keyboard events, are bound to functions in this program. Besides the graphical view of the picture itself, the editor presents a textual view of the program that describes the picture. Programmability and the two-view interface
allow the editor to handle a variety of pictures, but are particularly useful for pictures used in technical contexts, e.g., graphs and trees and VLSI layouts. LEFTY can communicate with other processes. This feature allows it to use existing tools to compute specific picture layouts and allows external processes to use the editor to display their data structures.


Formula for Calculating Typing Speed
For calculating Typing Speed there are two formulas are used. One formula is based upon characters counting and the second one is directly applied on words count. Let explore the two typing test speed calculation formulas in detail.
1. Character based Formula :
A. Gross WPM
hindi typing gross word per minute formula
Here WPM = Word Per Minute
All typed entries = Total Key Strokes (or key depression)
Gross WPM is really the typing speed that you typed in one minute its getting by total key Stroke (Key depression) divided by 5 (One word = 5 character) and then divided by total minute to get word per minute speed.
If you type 200 character in 1 minute then your typing speed will be = 200 / 5 = 40 WPM
But GWPM is not your actual speed, actual speed is calculating by correct word you typed known as 'Net WPM'.
Note: delete, backspace, shift and other keys are not calculated in key stroke.
B. Net WPM Formula
Calculation of Net WPM
Net speed can be calculated by deducting errors in gross wpm. For example if you typed 40 Word in 1 Minute but you typed 3 word wrong then your Net WPM = 40 - 3 = 37 WPM
C. Accuracy Formula:
Accuracy is a percentage ratio of Gross and Net Word Speed:
Accuracy = (Net WPM / Gross WPM ) * 100 = 37 / 40 * 100 = 92.5 %
2. Words based formula :
In word base calculation each space separate two words. The word count regardless of how many characters in it. For Example the sentence "We are learning typing." As you can see here total 4 words.
A. Gross WPM : Total Words Typed / Total Time Taken (in minutes)
Example : Suppose a candidate A Typed total 350 Words in 10 Minutes:
Gross Speed in WPM : 350/10 = 35 WPM
B. Net Speed : (Total Words Typed - Word Error ) / Total Time Taken (in minutes)
Example : Suppose the A candidate typed total 350 words in 10 Minutes in which he typed 20 words wrong:
Net Speed in WPM = (350 -20) / 10 = 33 WPM
C. Accuracy : (Net WPM/ Gross WPM ) * 100
Accuracy = 33/35 * 100 = 94.28 %
Calculation of Errors
Errors are calculated by following two criteria
1. Errors thats corrected
If you correct wrong word that you typed then you will use backspace to delete that word will not calculated in WPM.
2. Errors that are incorrect
If you not correct the errors you made then you will penalize 5 character for each word error (Regardless of how many character in this wrong word). So always try to type accurate and if mistake made then correct it.


text:
Lips are a very delicate and important part of the human face as a beautiful and healthy lip acts as an icing on the cake. But, it is also true because of its delicate nature, it requires a lot of care and maintenance.
The face is the apple of one's eye and one cannot tolerate if any damage occurs to it, in front of their eyes. There is a very common issue that arises with the lips is the bleeding, which can make you a standing joke among the crowd. Bleeding lips not only gives an ugly look, but it is also very painful and irritating.
What can be the causes behind a bleeding lip? It is a common question of many, the causes or the secret behind the lip bleeding are:
1. Skin infection:
If there is an infection in the skin of a person then there are possible chances that lips will be affected as it is a delicate part of the skin. It is generally caused due to inflammation in the skin, which can affect the entire skin of the body or any one part. If you have any symptoms of skin infection, then you must go for medical care.
2. Lip injury:
It is a very normal reason that bleeding may occur when the lips get injured. If the living body part of a person is injured then it is obvious that it causes bleeding. Lip injury is not to worry cause as it can be treated and cured with the application of antiseptics and ointments.
3. Oral cavity cancer:
Lip is a very important part of the oral cavity of a human, hence, if a person suffers from the cancer of the oral cavity, then the lips are also equally affected. Even, of the major symptoms of this cancer includes sore and bleeding lips.
When it comes to the problem of cancer, it is recommended to get medical treatment as soon as possible. The treatment is available for this issue, including radiation and many others.
4. Surgical wound:
If there is, any wound on the body of a person then it is obvious that bleeding will occur from that point. These wounds are often caused due yo surgery, which may be due to strong medicines which are induced because of the surgical process.
These wounds which are caused due to surgery are referred as surgical wounds. One of the causes of bleeding of the lip is this surgical wound and it should be treated with care so that it gets completely cured.
5. Allergic reaction:
As it is noted before that lips are very delicate part of humans, which makes it weak when it comes to allergic reaction. If your lips are suffering from the allergic reaction, then it will bleed. Actually, this reaction is a response or the immune system to a particular allergen, in simple words, the struggle of the immune system with harmful allergens causes allergic reactions.
It is a very common phenomenon and its severity can range from mild to life-threatening. It can be classified as skin allergy and food allergy, it is very important to get proper medical attention if bleeding is occurring due to this reason.
6. Lip cancer:
One of the major symptoms of lip cancer is the bleeding from the lips. This type of cancer is a very rare form of cancer and is treatable with ease if caught at a very stage. This cancer occurs due to an uncontrollable growth of cancer cells in the lips of a person. It is very important to go through medical soon because with time it penetrates deeper into the oral cavity.
7. Skin cancer:
During a skin cancer, any part of the skin is affected and many times, bleeding from the lip is a major symptom because it is attacked first by the cancer cells. Before this cancer captures the whole body, it is advised to go through the required medical care.
Can you imagine your face without lips? Of course not, as a maximum of your daily tasks is performed with the assistance of lips only including, eating, talking, drinking and many others. So, it is very important to provide proper care for them as to get a revived and healthy one.


- Mia Martin
Fractional Exec-Consultant-Freelance
The following as described by Wikipedia are the definitions of Fractional, Consultant and Freelance:
Fractional executives are professionals who have decided to offer their advice and skills to organizations on a for-hire basis. These executives have typically served a number of years in a business environment in roles such as chairman, owner, CxO, SVP, VP, or director. Their skills may be focused in one discipline or could be more broad-based, depending on the role(s) they have served.
 - Internal consultant: someone who operates within an organization but is available to be consulted on areas of their specialization by other departments or individuals (acting as clients) or
 - External consultant: someone who is employed externally to the client (either by a consulting firm or some other agency) whose expertise is provided on a temporary basis, usually for a fee. Consulting firms range in size from sole proprietorships consisting of a single consultant, small businesses consisting of a small number of consultants, to midto large consulting firms, which in some cases are multinational corporations. This type of consultant generally engages with multiple and changing clients, which are typically companies, non-profit organizations, or governments.
For those that have reached executive level during their careers, you will want to decide if you would prefer to take on projects where you act as an interim or temporary executive and or projects where you are being sourced as a consultant for your expertise. From a positioning perspective, positioning yourself as a consultant will not place you at a disadvantage if you brand yourself in a manner that clearly outlines your capabilities and credentials. Some have expressed that positioning themselves as consultants or fractional execs has impacted their ability to land future work and, as a result, have stayed away from taking on projects while in-between jobs. In this Gig economy, it's all about positioning. Therefore, do not miss the opportunity to land additional paid opportunities while anticipating your next semi-permanent or permanent role. Examples of fractional executive work could fall under functions such as:
Fractional CEO
Fractional CFO
Fractional CTO
Fractional COO
Fractional CMO
Fractional CxO
Fractional CIO
Fractional executives should be viewed as those that have risen to the top of their field and are offering their expertise on a retainer or project basis to solve a problem for the company. Positioning oneself as a Fractional executive could align with higher-paying opportunities should your credentials support your positioning.
Consultants have been brought in for multiple roles on a contract or project basis for years to help support isolated company needs. Conceptually, fractional exec work from problem-solving, but not always complexity runs parallel.
If you never reached the C-Suite during your career, positioning your capabilities as a consultant will still be vital in your ability to build a brand as a subject matter expert as well as position yourself as a problem solver in a specific area.
Five questions to ask yourself when developing your offering regardless of how you would like to classify yourself as Fractional, Consultant, or Freelance would be as follows:
 1. What problem do I want to solve?
 2. Who do I want to solve it for?
 3. What credentials do I have that support my ability to solve that problem?
 4. Who do I know in my network that can align me with my target audience?
 5. What business development tasks will I start with to build my business?
Three questions to ask yourself when taking on a new role are:
 1. What will the role include?
 2. What does success look like for this position?
 3. What is the time commitment?
In conclusion, having a clear understanding of your capabilities and researching who you will want to provide services to will help you formulate how you want to position your service offerings from a branding perspective. If you are a seasoned and multi-faceted executive, think about the benefits of positioning yourself as a fractional executive and or consultant.
-Mia D. Martin
Call: _PHONE_
©2019 Designed by: Modern Créatif
a Modern Créatif Brand
Mia D. Martin
Brand Strategist-Digital Marketer-Professional Speaker


text:
Asymmetric Introspection and Extrospection
Posted by The Situationist Staff on November 5, 2009
Situationist Contributor Emily Pronin recently wrote a very helpful primer on her work on the difference between "How We See Ourselves and How We See Others," which she published in Science. Here's the abstract.
* * *
People see themselves differently from how they see others. They are immersed in their own sensations, emotions, and cognitions at the same time that their experience of others is dominated by what can be observed externally. This basic asymmetry has broad consequences. It leads people to judge themselves and their own behavior differently from how they judge others and those others behavior. Often, those differences produce disagreement and conflict. Understanding the psychological basis of those differences may help mitigate some of their negative effects.
* * *
In case you're not already familiar with Pronin's work, we recommend it highly. You can download the above article (as well as a many of her other publications) on her website (here).
This entry was posted on November 5, 2009 at 12:07 am and is filed under Abstracts, Conflict, Illusions, Life, Naive Cynicism, Situationist Contributors, Social Psychology. Tagged: Emily Pronin. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.