text:
The Cornell Alliance for Science is an initiative for science-based agricultural communications that is focused on the global public good.
- The Alliance 's network of diverse stakeholders is committed to:
- Helping un-mute voices of potential beneficiaries of agricultural science and biotechnology in developing countries;
- Forming alliances with non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and other partners who share common values around poverty reduction and sustainable agriculture;
- Expanding the range of choices about plants and livestock for farmers and consumers by providing access to information about available technologies;
- Reclaiming the conversation around agricultural biotechnology so that scienceand evidence-based perspectives drive decision-making.
The Alliance will build and foster a globally coordinated communications platform to connect, equip, and empower public sector partners in their communication efforts by providing evidence-based information resources and training activities. Communication resources are accessible to a wide variety of audiences, ranging from the general public to researchers, policymakers, journalists, and other stakeholders.
The Alliance will help foster more constructive policies about biotechnology as a useful tool in the toolbox of food security and sustainability to help address global challenges such as persistent poverty, a changing and erratic climate, and the formidable task of feeding 9 billion people by 2050.
Africa | Asia
Aug 2014 – Aug 2017


Forgotten Realms Wiki
Forgotten Realms Wiki
The material component was a basic part of casting most spells.[2]
A material component consisted of one or more physical objects or substances. Depending on the spell, once it was cast, the material component was annihilated. However, a spellcaster could often use a spellcasting focus to substitute for most components, which would not be consumed by the spell. Casters who wielded priestly magic usually used a divine focus such as a holy symbol, which had higher spiritual significance than the standard focus, while druids often employed a druidic focus.[2][3]
Arcane spellcasters usually employed component pouches with individual compartments to store most material components required for their spells,[4] unless they chose to employ an arcane focus instead.[3]
Valuable or rare material components often had to be stored separately and could not be replaced by a focus.[3]
See Also[]


Girl Names baby namePamella
What does the name Pamella mean?
The different meanings of the name Pamella are:
 - English meaning: Sweet
 - Greek meaning: Honeyed
The meaning of the name "Pamella" is different in several languages, countries and cultures and has more than one possibly same or different meanings available.
Starts with:


Urinating Swimmers Blamed for Dead Fish
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By Myles Collier, Christian Post Contributor
May 15, 2012|3:10 pm
German officials have banned locals from entering a lake in northern Germany while they determine if reports of swimmers urinating in the lake have caused the lakes fish to die.
Eichbaum Lake is currently being studied by researchers who believe that a large amount of human urine is responsible for an algae bloom that killed off an estimated 500 fish.
"Swimmers who urinate in the lake are introducing a lot of phosphate" that can lead to algae blooms, a spokesman for the Hamburger Angling Association told Bild newspaper.
"We're calculating half a liter of urine per swimmer per day," he said.
Swimmers are currently banned from the lake due to the high levels of algae, but the city's Urban Development and Environment Authority (BSU) is trying to re-open the lake to swimmers by the time the summer season starts.
In order to identify exactly what is causing the fish to die off, the BSU is requesting the help of a local university to test the urinating hypothesis.
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Local media reports have stated that it was not just the "urinators" that were responsible, but the combination of natural causes and a frozen lake.
In the winter time the lake freezes over and is used by many for ice skating. The ice skating may actually disrupt the fish while they are hibernating, leading to their deaths.
"The ice-skaters make a noise that wakes the fish out of hibernation," BSU spokeswoman Kerstin Graupner told the Local. "Then they can't breathe and freeze. That's a very common phenomenon."
She added that their bodies are only now being found.
Urine, however, is being considered a real threat to the health of the lakes ecosystem. The blog i09 explained that phosphates found in human urine work in a similar fashion as fertilizer which can lead to explosive algae growth.
When levels of algae increase the plants absorb all of the oxygen in the water, which then leads to the fish suffocating.
Videos that May Interest You


text:
When we try to see the MicroStation Properties of ProStructures elements there so many types of properties visible in the dialog box. As there are so many types of properties visible, we can limit the number of properties visible. In this wiki, we will learn how to hide unnecessary properties.
1.Right Click on any ProStructures' element and click on its Properties. 2. This will open the properties dialog showing all the properties like geometrical properties, structural properties etc. 3. To hide any individual property, right click on the section of that properties and click on hide option.4. This will show 'Show/Hide' option and from here you can uncheck the properties which are not useful for you. In this way, you can limit the number of properties which as per the requirement.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
If you are searching online for 2 way switches/switching and 3 way stitches/switching the results can be very confusing to the layman depending on wether you land on a US or UK website. This is because the terminology used is very different.
This site follows UK usage. So for the benefit UK visitors searching online and American visitors to this site, hopefully the following will help to clarify:
UK – So, this (Fig 1) is what we call a 2 way switch: when you switch it one 'way' (on or position 1) the COM terminal is connected to the L1 terminal. When you switch it the other 'way' (off or position 2) the COM terminal connects to the L2 terminal.
If you are describing this switch to an electrician or electrical supplier you should refer to it as a 1 gang 2 way light switch and they will know exactly what you mean (see gangs and ways).
US – Strangely, our friends across the pond refer to this switch as a 3 way switch because it has 3 terminals.
Generic – if you asked someone in the field of electronics, they would probably describe this switch as a Single-pole, Double-Throw (SPDT) switch, to my mind a more useful description as this means the same in UK and US. A good electrician would understand this terminology but they, historically, rarely use it.
UK – so, this (Fig 2) is what we call an intermediate switch, so called because it is used 'in between' two x 2 way switches to achieve 3 way switching (clarified below under multiway switching). Sometimes called a crossover switch for obvious reasons.
If you are describing this switch to an electrician or electrical supplier you should refer to it as a 1 gang intermediate light switch and they will know exactly what you mean.
US – in America they refer to this switch as a 4 way switch because it has 4 terminals.
Generic – Double-pole, Double Throw (DPDT) switch.
Now we understand the different terminology used for the actual switches it is easy to appreciate why different switching arrangements are referred to using different terminology also.
Scenario 1: we have 1 light that can be turned on and off from two different light switches:-
UK – we would call this 2 way switching. Why? well a layman probably uses this terminology because 2 switches are used, whereas an electrician because two 2 way switches are used to achieve this. Either way, we are both referring to the same thing.
US – This would be referred to as 3 way switching because its uses what they would refer to a two 3 way switches.
Scenario 2: we have 1 light that can be turned on and off from three different light switches:-
UK – we would call this 3 way switching, well a layman certainly would (because of the three switches) and an electrician would assume this is what is meant but may also refer to it as 2 way plus intermediate switching.
US – This would be referred to as 4 way switching because it utilises what they refer to as a 4 way switch (what we in the UK call an intermediate or crossover).


Bacillus Megaterium
Definition – What is the meaning of Bacillus Magaterium?
Bacillus Megaterium is a rod-like, Gram-positive, mainly aerobic spore forming bacterium found in widely diverse habitats. With a cell length of up to 4 µm and a diameter of 1.5 µm, B. megaterium is amongst the biggest known bacteria. The cells often occur in pairs and chains where the cells are joined together by polysaccharides on the cell walls.
In the 1960s, prior to the development of B. megaterium was the main model organism among Gram-positive bacteria for intensive studies on biochemistry, sporulation and bacteriophages. Recently, its popularity has started increasing in the field of biotechnology for its recombinant protein production capacity.
Bacillus Megaterium explained by Bud Bionics
 1. megateriumgrows at temperatures from 3 °C to 45 °C, with the optimum around 30 °C. Some isolates from an Antarctic geothermal lake were found to grow at temperatures up to 63 °C.[1]
 2. megateriumhas been recognized as an endophyte and is a potential agent for the biocontrol of plant diseases. Nitrogen fixation has been demonstrated in some strains of B. megaterium.
 3. megateriumhas been an important industrial organism for decades. It produces penicillin amid aseused to make synthetic penicillin, various amylases used in the baking industry and glucose dehydrogenase used in glucose blood tests. Further, it is used for the production of pyruvate, vitamin B12, drugs with fungicidal and antiviral properties, etc.[2]It produces enzymes for modifying corticosteroids, as well as several amino acid dehydrogenases.
 4. megateriumis known to produce poly-γ-glutamic acid. The accumulation of the polymer is greatly increased in a saline (2–10% NaCl) environment, in which the polymer comprises largely of L-glutamate(L-isomer content up to 95%).[4] At least one strain of B. megaterium can be considered a halophile, as growth on up to 15% NaCl has been observed.[5]
Gram-stained Bacillus megaterium
Phylogenetically, based on 16S rRNA, B. megaterium is strongly linked with B. flexus, the latter distinguished from B. megaterium a century ago, but only recently confirmed as a different species. B. megaterium has some phenotypic and phylogenetic similarities with pathogens B. anthracis[6] and B. cereus, although itself being relatively harmless.
 1. megateriumis ubiquitous in the environment around us. In addition to being a common soil bacterium and an endophyte, it can be found in various foods (including honey, in which most microorganisms do not grow) and on a variety of surfaces, including clinical specimens, leather, paper, stone etc. It has also been isolated from cow feces, emperor moth caterpillars and greater wax moth frass.[1]
The method of[7] described in[1] can be used to isolate strains of B. megaterium from the soil. The procedure starts with plating 0.1 ml of dilutions of heat-treated soil suspensions on glucose mineral base agar: 10g Glc; 1g (NH4)2SO4 or KNO3; 0.8g K2HPO4; 0.2g KH2PO4; 0.5g MgSO4·7H2O; 0.05g CaSO4·7H2O; 0.01g FeSO4·7H2O; 12g agar; distilled water to 1 litre; adjust pH 7.0. Plates are incubated at 30 °C. White, round, smooth and shiny colonies 1–3 mm in diameter may develop on the nitrate (KNO3) medium in 36–48 hours. However, not all strains can use nitrate, therefore the recommendation to use the ammonium ((NH4)2SO4) medium in parallel. Colonies are detected by their appearance and suspects should be observed microscopically for the typically large cells of this species.
The species was described by de Bary in 1884, who called it Bacillus megaterium, but did not give an etymology.[8] However, some subsequent authors called it B. megatherium assuming the name was incorrectly spelled.[9] This trend continues as many scientists (mainly from the developing world) still use the name B. megatherium,[10][11] sowing confusion. The name B. megaterium is a nominative noun in apposition (see Rule 12 of IBCN[12]) and is formed from the Greek adjective mega, (μέγας, μεγάλη, μέγα) meaning "great",[13] and a second word of unclear etymology. Three hypotheses of the epithet "megaterium" are possible:[9]
 - unintentional orthographic error (unlikely given the fact that de Bary and his students, consistently used the epithet "megaterium"), whereas it should have been megatherium, from therion(θηρίον, meaning "beast"[14]), to mean "great beast".
 - a contraction of "megabacterium" as speculated by Rippel in given the fact that de Bary called the bacterium with the nickname Grosstier or Grossvich
 - stems from teras, teratos(τέρας, τέρατος, a neuter noun meaning omen or wonder or, indirectly, monster,]) which could be interpreted to mean "great monster" (with the Neolatin name being formed incorrectly given that there is no evidence of a Greek third declension noun when converted into Latin becoming a second Latin declention using the nominative stem, which is "ter-" while the other case use the stem "terat-". If were converted into a third decleasion noun it would have been "megateras, -atis").
Consequently, it was decided in the first jouridical opinion of the Bacteriological code that the name should remain "megaterium" given the unclear meaning.
The etymology listed in LPSN is, despite being not quite correction, a fusion of the first and third interpretation Gr. adj. megas, large; Gr. n. teras -atis, monster, beast; N.L. n. megaterium, big beast.
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Skip to definition.
Noun: roller coaster 'row-lu(r),kow-stu(r)
 1. Anything characterized by abrupt and extreme changes (especially up and down)
 "the economy has been on a roller coaster all year"
 2. Elevated railway in an amusement park (usually with sharp curves and steep inclines)
 - big dipper, chute-the-chute
Derived forms: roller coasters
Type of: el [US], elevated, elevated railroad, elevated railway, overhead railway, ride, Sturm und Drang, turbulence, upheaval
Encyclopedia: Roller coaster


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Educational Exodus: Stories of Korean Youth in the U.S.
AbstractAn increasing number of Korean early study abroad (ESA) students are spending some of their K-12 school years in the U.S. to continue their schooling. This typical social and educational phenomenon in Korea has surged since 2000. This study aims to investigate Korean ESA adolescents' life experiences in the U.S., focusing on motives for ESA and challenges they have experienced during their staying in the U.S. A case narrative inquiry was adopted as a research methodology to examine in-depth life experiences of four focal students. For the primary method of data collection, this study employed longitudinal observation, individual interviews, and written documents. Findings indicated that various components were entangled in complex ways for explaining the students' decision-making such as escaping from competitive Korean educational situation, improving English language competence, following their parents' academic journey, and getting better education. However, it might not be a path without risks. In our study, the Korean ESA adolescents have faced various challenges and even agonies. This research will provide authentic and practical information for educators and teachers to understand this emerging group of students. View Full-Text
Share & Cite This Article
Choi, H.Y.; Kim, E. Educational Exodus: Stories of Korean Youth in the U.S.. Soc. Sci. 2017, 6, 116.
Choi HY, Kim E. Educational Exodus: Stories of Korean Youth in the U.S.. Social Sciences. 2017; 6(4):_URL_ Style
Choi, Hee Y.; Kim, Eunhyun. 2017. "Educational Exodus: Stories of Korean Youth in the U.S.." Soc. Sci. 6, no. 4: 116.
Note that from the first issue of 2016, MDPI journals use article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.


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How can I calculate pixel intensity in an ROI?
I'm looking for suggestions on how I can use GIMP to calculate pixel intensity in an ROI. This kind of function is frequently used in gel electrophoresis analysis, where the software will identify gel bands and calculate relative concentration based on pixel intensity. I'm actually analyzing microscope images, but the principle is the same. I need to calculate the average intensity of pixels within a specific region. Any suggestions?
I would also be very interested in what you mentioned. Would be glad, if someone has an idea. greets, Benjamin
What I could think about a stupid way to do it is by means of histogram, as follows: 1. Highlight a blank lane of gel or background and check the limits of pixels in the histogram, say 170-255. The smaller figure will be used later. 2. Move the same rectangular mask to a lane containing one band. Redo the histogram. This time you should see more pixels distributing on the left side of the histogram, i.e. smaller number of the scale. 3. Move the right limit to 170, the number obtained in step 1 which serves as the lightest gray color to be discarded. 4. Move one step more to 171, and you should see the pixel number changed. Record the difference. 5. Subsequent move of the right limit until all have counted. (Up to this step I think I'm stupid enough to do this!) 6. Here comes the core: for 171, say there is 5 pixels. The "quantity of protein / nucleic acid" at this particular level of gray corresponds to 5 x (255-171+1) = 425. 7. Calculate similarly for different gray levels having pixels, and add them all. This would be the final "band intensity". Here comes to my problem that how could we obtain a list of numbers of pixels at particular gray level for such calculation, but not by moving the limits one by one with my own hands. My way is not doable for many bands on the gel.
Can you provide a sample image and what you are looking for as a result? This should be easy enough to script. -Rob A>
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Create Deep Links to App Content
When a clicked link or programmatic request invokes a web URI intent, the Android system tries each of the following actions, in sequential order, until the request succeeds:
 1. Open the user's preferred app that can handle the URI, if one is designated.
 2. Open the only available app that can handle the URI.
 3. Allow the user to select an app from a dialog.
Follow the steps below to create and test links to your content. You can also use the App Links Assistant in Android Studio to add Android App Links.
Add intent filters for incoming links
To create a link to your app content, add an intent filter that contains these elements and attribute values in your manifest:
Add one or more tags, each of which represents a URI format that resolves to the activity. At minimum, the tag must include the android:scheme attribute.
You can add more attributes to further refine the type of URI that the activity accepts. For example, you might have multiple activities that accept similar URIs, but which differ simply based on the path name. In this case, use the android:path attribute or its pathPattern or pathPrefix variants to differentiate which activity the system should open for different URI paths.
Include the BROWSABLE category. It is required in order for the intent filter to be accessible from a web browser. Without it, clicking a link in a browser cannot resolve to your app.
Also include the DEFAULT category. This allows your app to respond to implicit intents. Without this, the activity can be started only if the intent specifies your app component name.
 android:label="_USER_/title_gizmos" >

Notice that the two intent filters only differ by the element. Although it's possible to include multiple elements in the same filter, it's important that you create separate filters when your intention is to declare unique URLs (such as a specific combination of scheme and host), because multiple elements in the same intent filter are actually merged together to account for all variations of their combined attributes. For example, consider the following:

It might seem as though this supports only and app:// However, it actually supports those two, plus these: app:// and
Read data from incoming intents
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
 val action: String? = intent?.action
 val data: Uri? = intent?.data
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
 Intent intent = getIntent();
 String action = intent.getAction();
 Uri data = intent.getData();
Follow these best practices to improve the user's experience:
Test your deep links
$ adb shell am start
 -W -a android.intent.action.VIEW
 -d
$ adb shell am start
 -W -a android.intent.action.VIEW
 -d "example://gizmos"
The manifest declaration and intent handler you set above define the connection between your app and a website and what to do with incoming links. However, in order to have the system treat your app as the default handler for a set of URIs, you must also request that the system verify this connection. The next lesson explains how to implement this verification.
To learn more about intents and app links, see the following resources:


Asymptotic Logical Uncertainty: A Benford Learner
by Scott Garrabrant3 min read24th Aug 2015No comments
Personal Blog
This post is part of the Asymptotic Logical Uncertainty series. In this post, I will give an algorithm, BenfordLearner, that passes the Benford test. This algorithm further satisfies whenever is an irreducible pattern with probability.
In the following algorithm, we define to be 1 whenever.
 1: P=0
 2: M=N
 3: for j=0 to N
 4: M_Y=0
 5: for Y a TM expressible in K_Y M_Y
26: M_Y=M_X
27: if M_Y


Why does LPG suffer price variation? – Panorama Offshore
Why does LPG suffer price variation?
A major concern for the pocket of Brazilians today is the price of cooking gas. In 2019 alone, LPG (liquefied petroleum gas) had five price variations, including four increases and one adjustment.
According to a survey carried out by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), also released in the last year, the variation in the price of canisters has affected the way food is prepared. The analysis shows that more than 3 million Brazilians have chosen to use firewood or charcoal to cook, instead of cooking gas.
One of the reasons for the increase in the cylinder, according to experts, is the change in Petrobras' pricing policy, which leaves the oil market freer. Thus, products derived from petroleum, such as gasoline, diesel and gas depend on the international market price balance. Thus, the Brazilian currency depreciates in comparison to the international quotation, which directly affects the value of the gas cylinder.
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Analogous to nCRP and nDP, nCRF is a marginalisation of nHDP. The metaphor based on CRP and CRF to understand this process is slightly different: There are multiple cities, and each city has infinite restaurants with infinite table. The card on the table has the name of another restaurant in the same city as with nCRP. However, there are also an infinite number of menus organised using nCRP. The tree structures for all cities and menus are the same. A customer visiting a city dines first at the root restaurant and again chooese a table using nCRP. But this time, the meal is ordered from the menu (at the same position of the infinite tree) according to popularity as determined by CRF. Hence, nCRF combined with CRF helps to share the menus between restaurants, and nCRP helps to build the hierarchy.
Indian Buffet Process (IBP). Marginalising a BP through,
\begin{equation} \begin{aligned} IBP(X) = \int P(X|B) \mathrm{d} B,\,\, B \sim BP, \end{aligned} \end{equation}
where the mixing measure $B$ comes from a BP. The basic IBP can be found in References [77, 78]. The metaphor for IBP is as follows: There is an Indian buffet restaurant with infinite number of dishes. The first customer walks into this restaurant and picks $\text{Poisson}(\alpha)$ number of dishes. The $i$th customer follows the former customers and picks an formerly selected dish with a probability of $\frac{n_k}{i}$, where $n_k$ is the number of customers picking dish $k$, and then she picks $\text{Poisson}(\frac{\alpha }{i})$ number of new dishes that no one has chosen them before. The customer-dish selection from such procedure has been proven to be a sample from $\text{IBP}(\alpha)$. In machine learning, IBP is often used as the prior for a binary matrix with an unfixed number of columns, which is especially suitable for the factor analysis.
Nested Indian Buffet Process (nIBP) [31]. Similar to nCRP, a nested version of IBP is able to build a hierarchy where each layer is composed of a number of IBPs (i.e., the number of features in IBPs at the up-layer). Continuing the metaphor, there are infinite number of Indian buffet restaurants in a city, each has an infinite number of dishes, and a card with the address of another restaurant in the same city next to each dish. Hence, the restaurants in this city are organised as an infinite tree structure. A customer who visits the root restaurant in this city and chooses dishes using the IBP strategy but uses a layer-dependent probability $\text{Poisson}(\frac{\alpha /\ell }{i})$ to choose any new dishes. The next day, the customer will visit all the restaurants on the cards next to her chosen dishes. Note that a customer can go to multiple restaurants with nIBP, rather than only a single one in nCRP.
After building an appropriate Bayesian nonparametric models for a specific task, the next step is to infer the latent variables defined in the model (more accurately, the posterior joint distribution of latent variables), given an amount of observed data. To obtain the posterior distribution, there are two main methodologies: sampling-based (i.e., Markov chain Monte Carlo) and optimisation-based (i.e., Variational inference). The most straightforward candidate for the Bayesian model posterior inference is Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) (e.g., Gibbs sampling), which has also been widely adopted for Bayesian nonparametric models. The basic idea of MCMC [3] is to approximate a (posterior) distribution from its samples. To obtain the samples, a Markov chain is constructed with its stationary distribution as the desired (posterior) distribution. Figure 6(a) illustrates this idea, where the bins are the count of samples in the corresponding support areas. It is clear that more samples means a more accurate approximation. Although the Monte Carlo Markov chain (MCMC) methodology can, in theory, derive the exact posterior distribution of the latent variables, it is inefficient. As illustrated in Figure 6(b), an alternative for BNL is variational inference [10]. This methodology uses a set of (often simpler, independent and parameterised) variational distributions to approximate the real posterior distribution. This approach transforms a posterior distribution inference problem into a high-dimensional optimisation problem. With the help of gradients, this method can efficiently explore the parameter space of the variational distributions to approximate the desired posterior distribution as much as possible. In general, MCMC has better theoretical distribution approximation accuracy than variational inference when a sufficient number of samples are obtained, because introducing the variational distributions will introduce additional unnecessary approximation errors that do not exist in MCMC. In the case of big data, variational inference is more efficient than MCMC because obtaining sufficient samples in MCMC is very time-consuming and hard to evaluate. Yet gradient-based variational inference is able to explore the parameter space efficiently. The existing works for basic processes in the current literature on BNL literature are summarised below and in Table 2.
Fig. 6.
Fig. 6. The illustration and comparison of the ideas of two posterior inferences: (a) MCMC and (b) variational inference.
Table 2. Existing Inference Algorithms for Popular Stochastic Processes in BNL
Stochastic Process Slice VI SMC EP Scalable
Dirichlet Process $\surd$ [97] $\surd$ [9] $\surd$ [20] $\surd$ [113]
Beta Process $\surd$ [14] $\surd$ [19]
Gamma Process $\surd$ [145]
Hierarchical Dirichlet Process $\surd$ [176] $\surd$ [155]
Indian Buffet Process $\surd$ [44] $\surd$ [182] $\surd$ [42]
Slice is short for slice sampling; VI for Variational inference; SMC for Sequential Monte Carlo; EP for Expectation Propagation.
5.1 Markov Chain Monte Carlo
While the (countably) infinite nature of BNL enables great modelling power, it also brings a challenge on model inference in that an infinite number of factors and weights make the posterior inference of the latent variables much harder. One commonly accepted solution in BNL is the truncation method [62, 181], which sets the component number so large that the given data would only adopt a subset of them, but it does introduce an approximation error. Another successful technique to resolve this problem is data/variable augmentation [160, 172], also known as Slice Sampling [39, 126]. The existing Bayesian nonparametric models that use the slice sampling method for model inference are summarised below.
Slice Sampling for DP. A realisation from DP can be represented as $G=\sum _{k=1}^{\infty } \pi _k \delta _{\theta _k}$, where $\pi _k$ are (a countably infinite number of) stick weights. The slice sampling for DP [97] introduces an auxiliary variable $u_i \sim \text{Unif}(0, \pi _{k_i})$, which functions as an adaptive truncation for the data $i$, and then only needs to sample $\pi \gt u_i$ for data $i$.
Slice Sampling for BP. Instead of the fixed range used in DP, a positive decay function $f : \lim _{k \rightarrow \infty } f(\pi _k) = 0$ controls the support for the auxiliary variable $u_k \sim \text{Unif}(0, f(\pi _k))$ [14]. Compared to the function used in DP, the decay function is more flexible and more applicable to many other models.
5.2 Variational Inference
Using variational inference involves two important components: setting variational distributions and choosing optimisation methods. Clearly setting the variational distribution can significantly reduce the additional approximation error and appropriate optimisation methods can boost the inference efficiency and adapt to the complex scenarios, e.g., large-scale and streaming data. Existing work on variational inference for BNL is summarised below.
Ordinary Variational Inference. The form of variational inference for BNL is based on a stick-breaking representation where the latent variables in this representation include stick weights, atom parameters, and data assignment indexes. Since stochastic processes such as DP [9, 106] and GaP [145] have the potential to produce an infinite number of atoms, we have opted for a truncation method to ensure that only a finite number of atoms need to be approximated with a finite number of mean-field (latent variable) distributions. Other similar works have been applied for HDP [9], IBP [44], and nCRP [174].
Collapsed Variational Inference. As stated, there are normally three groups of latent variables in BNL (i.e., stick weights, atom parameters, and data assignment indexes). Sometimes stick weights could be marginalised out to make the inferences of DP [105] and HDP [147, 168] more accurate and efficient.
Online/Stochastic Variational Inference. Instead of coordinate-ascent optimisation that is not efficient for large datasets because a full pass of all the data at each iteration is required, stochastic optimisation is used to update the variational parameters [15, 176]. At each iteration, a


Quick Answer: Can I Withdraw All The Money From A Joint Account?
Can one person take all the money out of a joint account?
So if a relationship sours, one owner could legally take all the money out..
Can my husband take me off our joint account?
Can my wife withdraw money from my account?
As long as you are alive, your spouse will not be able to withdraw funds from that account. … There are benefits to adding your spouse to your bank account, even though it offers full rights to withdraw the money without your permission. A joint account means your spouse can deposit and withdraw money for you.
Does a joint account need both signatures?
Who owns the money in a joint bank account UK?
What are the disadvantages of joint account?
Who owns the money in a joint bank account when one dies?
Can my husband close our joint account?
Can my husband freeze my joint bank account?
Couples usually freeze a joint account when they go through a marital dispute. However, they also freeze their account for other reasons, such as irresponsible spending by one or both people. Freezing joint accounts is simple and fast. … Ask them either over the phone or in person to freeze your joint account.
Are joint accounts a good idea?
Can you take money out of joint account before divorce?
You can legally withdraw up to half of the money in a joint bank account before the divorce is filed. It is extremely important that this is done before the divorce is filed; otherwise you are violating the law. Once divorced, all of your joint bank accounts must be liquidated and split between the two parties.
Who owns the funds in a joint account?
The actual ownership of the money in a joint account is determined by the doctrine of resulting trusts. The doctrine of resulting trusts holds that where one person deposits money into the name of a joint account with another person, the person who deposits the money remains the owner of the funds in the joint account.
Is my wife entitled to half my savings?
Can someone contest a joint bank account?
What happens to the money in your bank when you die?


text:
Historic buildings helping to cut carbon emissions
25 September 2007
Historic buildings are already helping to reduce Scotland's carbon emissions. That is one of the key messages delivered by Culture Minister Linda Fabiani MSP at the opening of the annual conference of the Historic Environment Advisory Council for Scotland today (Tuesday).
Speaking in Stirling, Ms Fabiani said: "Sustainability is about much more than the energy measured on an electricity meter. We have to think about the energy usage of the whole life of a building and the materials it is constructed from and make sure that the actions we take to control our carbon emissions are sustainable in the long term.
"Recent research shows that older buildings perform very well in energy terms because they have thick walls, smaller windows and passive ventilation systems - all of which contribute to the reduction of emissions."
The Historic Environment Advisory Council for Scotland provides independent strategic advice to Scottish Ministers on issues affecting the historic environment.
Ms Fabiani continued: "Climate change is a reality we can no longer ignore. The Scottish Government is committed to taking action to enforce reductions in carbon emissions. We are also determined to think creatively about the small changes that can make a big difference."
The Minister also set out the areas that the advisory council would be reviewing in the coming year. It will provide advice on:
·the economic impact of the historic environment;
·the conservation of the ecclesiastical heritage;
·engaging young adults with the historic environment;
·and the infrastructure of the historic environment
Notes to Editors
- Historic Scotland is an executive agency of the Scottish Government charged with safeguarding the nation's historic environment. The agency is fully accountable to Scottish Ministers and through them to the Scottish Parliament.
- The Historic Environment Advisory Council for Scotland provides independent strategic advice to Scottish Ministers on issues affecting the historic environment. More information can be found at _URL_.
- Members of the Historic Environment Advisory Council are appointed by the Culture Minister.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Attitudes to Open Source Software in Bergen Kommune
MetadataShow full item record
This work describes key elements of Open Source Software, computer history and the attitudes found in the municipal of Bergen to Open Source Software. It tries to describe the use of the software, which attitudes that can be found and what creates them. It then concludes the research and takes a look on further possible research.


Rachmaninoff the most innovative composer ever...says computer
Sergei Rachmaninoff came top of the computer model's rankings
Sergei Rachmaninoff came top of the computer model's rankings Credit: Alamy
Rachmaninoff was officially the most innovative of all the great composers, a computer has declared.
Scientists in South Korea have built an algorithm which they claim is capable of judging objectively the extent to which 19 of the best known composers brought the art form forward.
They developed a computer model which divided each of the musicians' compositions into "codewords", which were then used to compare hundreds of pieces of music both against the composers' previous works and the wider cannon.
It found Sergei Rachmaninoff, a giant of the late Romantic period, scored the highest, followed by J.S. Bach, Brahms and Mendelssohn.
Beethoven - on most critics' shortlist of the best composer of all time - only featured in the lower half of the innovation rankings, but the scientists at the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology still acknowledged the Germa to be one of the most "influential".
"Our model allows us to calculate the degree of shared melodies and harmonies between past and future works and to observe the evolution of western musical styles by demonstrating how prominent composers may have influenced each other," said Juyong Park, who worked on the study.
The exercise has been criticised by a leading Cambridge University musicologist as "trite" and incapable of quantifying and comparing musical quality.
Dr David Trippett an expert on 19th Century music, said: "Originality and creativity are inherently resistant to quantification.
"I wouldn't want to discourage scientists.
"The potential is that one day we might put all musical parameters into a magic pot and use the power of artificial intelligence to cook them up, but we're no way near that yet.
"These are baby steps."
A brilliant performer on the piano, Sergei Rachmaninov is best known for his piano compositions.
He was born in Russian in 1873, emigrating to the United States following the Russian revolution.


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Moving and copying clips
You can copy and move files and clips in the storyboard/timeline to other parts of the storyboard/timeline. By moving a clip, you can change its position on the storyboard/timeline without having to delete it, and then add it to the storyboard/timeline again. You can include the same content multiple times in your project by copying a clip. For example, you might have a short video clip at the beginning of your project that you want to repeat two times before playing the main content in your project.
When you copy or move a video clip or picture on the storyboard/timeline, any added video effect is also copied, and it will appear in the new location.


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Browse on keywords: grass grass barriers
Search results on 05/25/13
8645. Black, A.L. and F.H. Siddoway. 1971. Tall wheatgrass barriers for soil erosion control and water conservation.. J. Soil Water Cons. 26:154-157.
100. Aase, J.K. and L.L. Reitz. 1989. Conservation production systems with and without grass barriers in the northern Great Plains.. J. Soil and Water Conservation 44:320-323.
Double rows of tall wheatgrass (Agropyron elongatum) were planted as barriers 48 ft apart near Culbertson, MT. The greatest soil water gain occurred during the harvest to spring period, with a precipitation storage efficiency ranging from 41-57 %. Annually cropped wheat and spring wheat following fallow responded positively to barrier protection. Yields were highest in the annual crop rotation of wheat-barley-safflower, followed by the 3-yr rotation with fallow. The traditional fallow-crop system had the lowest yields. Net returns paralleled yield results, and in most instances there was an economic benefit from the barriers. Also, safflower had a high net return and appears to have potential as an alternative crop in Montana.


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Confirming and disconfirming cases assist the evaluator in the confirmatory fieldwork stage of an evaluation. After gathering initial data, exploring the data and identifying patterns, the evaluator will start to develop findings. Confirming and disconfirming cases allow the evaluator to further refine and test initial findings. Both types of cases are important, confirming cases to provide deeper insights to preliminary findings and disconfirming cases to test and highlight the boundaries of the findings.
- Confirming and disconfirming cases: This overview from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation provides a definition and outline of the reasons for using the confirming and disconfirming option.
- Desperately Seeking Dissonance: This article from the Qualitative Health Research Journal outlines the research undertaken to discover how disconfirming cases are handled in reviews of qualitative research. It also outlines a number of methods that may be used to actively find disconfirming cases in review processes.
This page is a stub (a minimal version of a page). You can help expand it. Click on Contribute Content or Contact Us to suggest additional resources, share your experience using the option, or volunteer to expand the description.


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The role of skin during infection and the host response to Piscirickettsia salmonis
The bacterium Piscirickettsia salmonis causes a disease, salmonid rickettsial septicemia (SRS), in farmed salmonids (salmon, trout, and charr). In British Columbia (BC), P. salmonis has been found in wild and farmed Pacific salmon and in farmed Atlantic salmon.
According to past research, fewer sockeye salmon go on to develop systemic infections and die in comparison to pink and Atlantic salmon suggesting that sockeye salmon are less susceptible to P. salmonis. One assessment found that the risk of infection in sockeye salmon attributed to BC salmon farms is very unlikely. However, this conclusion had a high degree of uncertainty because the susceptibility of sockeye salmon and the host-pathogen interactions in sockeye salmon are poorly understood.
This project will evaluate factors in sockeye salmon that may explain why they are less susceptible to the bacteria. Skin has previously been identified as a primary route of entry of P. salmonis. This research will address the role of the skin in bacterial uptake and host resistance among salmon species.
Program for Aquaculture Regulatory Research (PARR)
Research Scientist, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Pacific Biological Station
- Amy Long, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Pacific Biological Station
- Aidan Goodall, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Pacific Biological Station
- Date modified:


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ADDING IN TELLAGMI/CHATTERPIX TO YOUR GOOGLE SLIDES PRESENTATION
Creating a tellagmi or chatterpix
To SPICE UP your Google Slideshow you can create a Tellagami or Chatterpix to add in.
INSERTING TELLAGMI OR CHATTERPIX INTO SLIDES
1. Save the video from either application to your camera roll
2. Upload the video to your Google Drive
3. Rename the video: YOUR LAST NAME, DESCRIPTION (Sloan, Lincoln Chatterpix)
4. Move the video to the Google Folder shared with you (Homeroom Teacher, SS Videos)
5. Go to the Google Shared Folder and find your video. Select "GET LINK". This will automatically copy the link to your iPad.
You may either insert the link as text or link the video to an image in your slideshow.


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PLC always overrides SRG which always overrides MFG constant. So the short answer is that you can't over ride the PLC directly. However, there are ways to use the program without using your PLC.
Are you sure you want to? Keep in mind that the STATISTICS that determine the PLC are extensive, take into account outliers, make multiple passes on the data and weigh the most recent data as the most important. But if for some reason you don't want to use it then any of the following approaches will work.
- Use a different PROCEDURE like STD PHACO2
- create a new Surgeon
- delete enough POST-OP data so that a PLC can no longer be calculated
- start over with an empty database.


What is Cryogenic Piping? A brief on Piping material, Insulation, Pipe Sizing, and Hazards.
What is cryogenic piping
When the temperature is very low then the normal piping system is not able to hold the processing gases in the form of liquid. Cryogenic piping is the concept of low-temperature piping where material type, support, and valve have different requirements than a normal piping system.
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- blown by the wind
- twisted in growth by the prevailing wind: said of a tree
See windblown in American Heritage Dictionary 4
- Blown or dispersed by the wind: windblown pollen.
- Growing or shaped in a manner governed by the prevailing winds: windblown scrub pines.
- Cut short and curled or combed toward the front of the head: a windblown hairstyle.
Learn more about windblown


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Synchronization allows content to play at the same exact time within two different zones.
Refer to the Creating a Program solution to begin editing your program.
Follow these steps to synchronize two pieces of content in zones.
- Click and drag the orange puzzle piece from one zone to the other. Below we are going to click and drag the puzzle piece form Zone A to Zone B. Doing this will make Zone 1 content the Master and Zone 2 content the Slave. Whenever a specific file plays in Zone 1, Zone 2 content will automatically sync in playback.
2. After syncing the puzzle piece in the zone title area, a blue M (Master) and green S (Slave) will appear. The zones are now ready to allow the syncing of content.
3. Click and drag a track's puzzle piece on top of another track's puzzle piece until you see a successful sync. Refer to tracks 3 and 5 above.
Note: To ensure content playback remains perfectly synced as the program continues to play, set the slave content to have a longer duration than the master. For example, a master file with a 10 sec should be synced up to a file with a 15 second duration.


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6825 mammograms from our mammography image database were segmented to find the breast outline. The outlines were averaged and smoothed to produce an average outline for each laterality and radiographic projection.
Lesions in 3304 mammograms with malignant findings were mapped on to a standardised breast image corresponding to the average breast outline using piecewise affine transforms. A four dimensional probability distribution function was found from the lesion locations in the cranio-caudal and medio-lateral radiographic projections for calcification and noncalcification lesions. Lesion locations sampled from this probability distribution function were mapped on to individual mammograms using a piecewise affine transform which transforms the average outline to the outline of the breast in the mammogram.
The four dimensional probability distribution function was validated by comparing it to the two dimensional distributions found by considering each radiographic projection and laterality independently. The correlation of the location of the lesions sampled from the four dimensional probability distribution function across radiographic projections was shown to match the correlation of the locations of the original mapped lesion locations.


Seminar Abstract
Geoffrey Boynton
Measuring Threshold Performance in Behavioral Experiments
Time: 12:30 pm on Wednesday, February 1, 2012
Place: Savery 409
A primary tool for the experimental psychologist is the use of 'psychophysics', which is the quantitative measurement sensory experience as measured with behavioral responses. A common psychophysical measure is the 'threshold', which is the weakest stimulus needed to be reliably detected. Psychophysicists have standard methods for measuring thresholds which involves concepts and procedures including signal detection theory, maximum likelihood model fitting and bootstrapping. I will provide a general overview of the psychophysical methods for threshold measurement, hopefully in a context that a statistician might find interesting.


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Barwick in Elmett, Yorkshire Genealogy
Guide to Barwick in Elmett, Yorkshire ancestry, family history, and genealogy: parish registers, transcripts, census records, birth records, marriage records, and death records.
|Barwick in Elmett, Yorkshire|
|Poor Law Union||Barwick Gilbert Union|
|Registration District||Hunslet; Tadcaster|
|Parish registers: 1653|
|Bishop's Transcripts: 1600|
|Diocese||Pre-1836 - York; Post-1835 - Ripon|
|Probate Court||Exchequer and Prerogative Courts of the Archbishop of York|
|Location of Archive|
|Yorkshire Record Office|
Parish History[edit | edit source]
BARWICK-IN-ELMETT (All Saints), a parish, in the Lower division of the wapentake of Skyrack, West Riding, Yorkshire, 7 miles (N. E. by E.) from Leeds; containing 2275 inhabitants, of whom 1836 are in Barwick township.
Resources[edit | edit source]
Civil Registration[edit | edit source]
Birth, marriages and deaths were kept by the government, from July 1837 to the present day. The civil registration article tells more about these records. There are several Internet sites with name lists or indexes. A popular site is FreeBMD.
Church records[edit | edit source]
Online data content from chapelry registers of Barwick in Elmett exists at some of the following websites and for the specified ranges of years:
|AC = Ancestry - (£)|
|FREG = FreeREG - free|
|FS = FamilySearch.org|
|FMP = findmypast (£)|
|JOIN = JoinerMarriageIndex.co.uk - (£)|
|PALL = Pallot's Marriage Index (Ancestry) - (£)|
|BARWICK IN ELMETT PARISH (1600) Online Records|
To find the names of the neighbouring parishes, use England Jurisdictions 1851. In this site, search for the name of the parish, click on the location "pin", click Options and click List contiguous parishes.
This ancient parish (AP) was created before 1813. Church of England records began in 1653.
Census records[edit | edit source]
Census records from 1841 to 1911 are available online. For access, see England Census Records and Indexes Online. Census records from 1841 to 1891 are also available on film through a Family History Center or at the Family History Library.
Probate records[edit | edit source]
Records of wills, administrations, inventories, indexes, etc. were filed by the court with jurisdiction over this parish. Go to Yorkshire Probate Records to find the name of the court having primary jurisdiction. Scroll down in the article to the section Court Jurisdictions by Parish.
Maps and Gazetteers[edit | edit source]
Maps are a visual look at the locations in England. Gazetteers contain brief summaries about a place.
Websites[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- Lewis, Samuel A., A Topographical Dictionary of England (1848), pp. 164-168. Date accessed: 07 January 2014.
- 'West Yorkshire, England, Baptisms, Marriages and Burials, _PHONE_,' Ancestry, accessed 12 May 2014.
- 'Yorkshire West Riding,' FreeREG, accessed 27 October 2014.
- Pallot's Marriage and Birth Indexes, Guide to Parishes.


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How to Manipulate Files in R
Occasionally, you may want to write a script in R that will traverse a given folder and perform actions on all the data in the files or a subset of files in that folder.
To get a list of files in a specific folder, use list.files() or dir(). These two functions do exactly the same thing, but for backward-compatibility reasons, the same function has two names:
> list.files(file.path("F:", "git", "roxygen2")) "roxygen2" "roxygen2.Rcheck" "roxygen2_2.0.tar.gz" "roxygen2_2.1.tar.gz"
|Iist.files||Lists files in a directory.|
|list.dirs||Lists subdirectories of a directory.|
|file.exists||Tests whether a specific file exists in a location.|
|file.create||Creates a file.|
|file.remove||Deletes files (and directories in Unix operating systems).|
|tempfile||Returns a name for a temporary file. If you create a file — for example, with file.create() or write.table() using this returned name — R will create a file in a temporary folder.|
|tempdir||Returns the file path of a temporary folder on your file system.|
Next, you get to exercise all your knowledge about working with files. In the next example, you first create a temporary file, then save a copy of the iris data frame to this file. To test that the file is on disk, you then read the newly created file to a new variable and inspect this variable. Finally, you delete the temporary file from disk.
Start by using the tempfile() function to return a name to a character string with the name of a file in a temporary folder on your system:
> my.file <- tempfile() > my.file "C:\\Users\\Andrie\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\ RtmpGYeLTj\\file14d4366b6095"
Notice that the result is purely a character string, not a file. This file doesn't yet exist anywhere. Next, you save a copy of the data frame iris to my.file using the write.csv() function. Then use list.files() to see if R created the file:
> write.csv(iris, file=my.file) > list.files(tempdir()) "file14d4366b6095"
As you can see, R created the file. Now you can use read.csv() to import the data to a new variable called file.iris:
> file.iris <- read.csv(my.file)
Use str() to investigate the structure of file.iris. As expected file.iris is a data.frame of 150 observations and six variables. Six variables, you say? Yes, six, although the original iris only has five columns.
What happened here was that the default value of the argument row.names of read.csv() is row.names=TRUE. (You can confirm this by taking a close look at the Help for?read.csv().) So, R saved the original row names of iris to a new column called X:
> str(file.iris) 'data.frame': 150 obs. of 6 variables: $ X : int 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10... $ Sepal.Length: num 5.1 4.9 4.7 4.6 5 5.4 4.6 5 4.4 4.9... $ Sepal.Width : num 3.5 3 3.2 3.1 3.6 3.9 3.4 3.4 2.9 3.1... $ Petal.Length: num 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.5 1.4 1.7 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.5... $ Petal.Width : num 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1... $ Species : Factor w/ 3 levels "setosa","versicolor",..: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1...
To leave your file system in its original order, you can use file.remove() to delete the temporary file:
> file.remove(my.file) > list.files(tempdir()) character(0)
As you can see, the result of list.files() is an empty character string, because the file no longer exists in that folder.


16 Fascinating Facts About Sharks in Hawaii Every Local Should Know
In honor of Shark Week, here are 16 facts you may not know about sharks in Hawaii.
Photo: Wikipedia
(page 1 of 4)
It's shark week! Even if you're aren't watching the Discovery Channel every night this week from 7-8 p.m., sharks probably cross your mind now and then. Between the 8-foot aggressive Galapagos shark spotted at Kaimana Beach this March and the stormy weather that's known to attract them, even the bravest among us are shark-leery. That's why we came up with this handy list of 16 facts you may not know about sharks in Hawaii.
1. 40 Species in Hawaii
We have 40 species of sharks in the ocean surrounding our islands (there are 350 known species of sharks in the world). Most of them are harmless.
2. 4 of the Most Common Species
There are four species of sharks common in the ocean near our shores--these are the sharks you're most likely to see at places like Kaimana Beach. The most frequently spotted include the white-tip reef shark, the sandbar shark, the scalloped hammerhead and occasionally the terrifying tiger shark.
From left to right, clockwise: white-tip reef shark, sandbar shark, tiger shark, hammerhead shark.
Photo: DLNR
3. The Most Dangerous...
Tiger sharks are the most dangerous sharks in Hawaii. Great white sharks are also very dangerous, but are rarely seen in Hawaii. They might be more common than you think.
PHOTO: Wikipedia
4. The Most Aggressive...
The most aggressive reef sharks in Hawaii are the tiger shark and the Galapagos shark.
a galapagos shark in Hawaii.
Photo: Wikipedia
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Confidentiality—training materials
 - Confidentiality—training materials
Confidentiality—training materials
These training materials contain template PowerPoint slides and associated notes for use by a trainer when outlining the law relating to the protection of confidential information. Topics covered include: the meaning of confidential information; the effect of breach of confidentiality; laws governing confidentiality; confidentiality agreements; definitions of confidential information; authorised recipients; purpose and duration of confidential information; remedies; handling breaches of confidentiality; arrangements with subcontractors.
The training materials are customisable.
Click the link below to download the PowerPoint presentation.
 1. Law:
 1. Meaning of confidential information
 2. Effect of breach of confidentiality
 3. Laws governing confidentiality
 2. Confidentiality agreements:
 1. Format
 2. Defining confidential information
 3. Parties and recipients
Popular documents


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Hydrogels comprised of alginate and gelatin have demonstrated potential as biomaterials in three dimensional (3D) bioprinting applications. However, as with all hydrogel-based biomaterials used in extrusion-based bioprinting, many parameters influence their performance and there is limited data characterising the behaviour of alginate-gelatin (Alg-Gel) hydrogels.
Here we investigated nine Alg-Gel blends by varying the individual constituent concentrations. We tested samples for printability and print accuracy, compressive behaviour and change over time, and viability of encapsulated mesenchymal stem cells in bioprinted constructs. Printability tests showed a decrease in strand width with increasing concentrations of Alg-Gel. However due to the increased viscosity associated with the higher Alg-Gel concentrations, the minimum width was found to be 0.32mm before blends became too viscous to print. Similarly, printing accuracy was increased in higher concentrations, exceeding 90% in some blends. Mechanical properties were assessed through uniaxial compression testing and it was found that increasing concentrations of both Alg and Gel resulted in higher compressive modulus.


Test steps are very important in manual testing because they provide the detailed semantics on how each test case is to be validated and ultimately completed. That said, if you consider most manual test cases will have several steps each and most organizations will have a number of test cases, this results in a large number of steps to manage. Copying and pasting from popular tools like Microsoft Excel and Notepad reduces the time needed to properly manage, compose, and translate steps.
The test steps control inside the test case work item supports bulk copying and pasting of data from a variety of data sources, including other test steps, Microsoft Excel, Notepad, or any other tool that is capable of copying tab-delimited data onto the clipboard.
Copying steps from other data sources
Copying steps from Microsoft Excel requires that you use only two columns in your table of steps: the first column will map to "Action" and the second column will map "Expected Result" in the test steps work item control. Copy the range of two-column rows that you want to insert to the clipboard and paste them using either the context menu or keyboard (Ctrl-V):
You can also copy steps from the test steps control and paste them into either other test cases, or other data sources. Select a range of rows in the test steps control and either copy with the keyboard (CTRL-C), or use the context menu to copy the steps. Notice they are rendered in notepad as readable TAB-delimited rows:
Pasting the text above into a new test case provides you the same user experience as when working with Microsoft Excel:
Ryan Vogrinec


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GRASS GIS, commonly referred to as GRASS (Geographic Resources Analysis Support System), is a free and open source Geographic Information System (GIS) software suite used for geospatial data management and analysis, image processing, graphics and maps production, spatial modeling, and visualization.
GRASS GIS has limited support for Parallel GRASS jobs. Also some script examples of running several GRASS jobs in parallel are available. PyGRASS includes also ParallelModuleQueue for parallel computing, see our example about that.
If you want to use GRASS GUI, you should connect to taito-shell using -X connection or NoMachine for Windows users.
First load appropriate module. There are three options for that:
1) If you want to use GRASS GUI, you can open GRASS from NoMachine's Fluxbox menu (right-click to open): Applications -> Taito-shell -> GIS -> GRASS-GIS. This loads in the background the same modules as option 2.
2) If you want to use GRASS as stand-alone or with Python, use geo-env, which includes Python with GIS packages, GDAL, QGIS and LasTools. It does not include GRASS GIS directly, but GRASS can be easily added like this:
module load geo-env grass
3) If you want to use GRASS GIS with R, without GRASS GUI, use rspatial-env,which includes R, GDAL, GRASS and SagaGIS.
module load rspatial-env
Both of the xx-env modules unload all previously loaded modules, so they should be loaded first, if you need to load also some other modules.
* SagaGIS and GRASS GIS use different versions of wxwidgets library, which is used for the GUI. So if you would like to use both GUIs please open two sessions to Taito-shell.
Then for starting the GRASS GUI:
It is possible to also use GRASS functionality via command-line, shell scripts or Python code, see GRASS manual for details.


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OBJECTIVE OF PROJECT
The objective of the pipeline is to develop opportunities for Native American students to participate in geoscience-related education and research. The "pipeline" has three components:
1) An education and research enrichment program for 7-12th grade Native American students which integrates indigenous knowledge into the geosciences as well as a research experience for teachers (RET).
2) An introductory undergraduate geoscience course which integrates indigenous knowledge into the geosciences, uses Native American Art as a vehicle of learning, and acknowledges the learning styles of Native American students.
3) A program to provide research internship opportunities for Native American students.


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In user testing, I've seen users discover bookmarks/Saved filters. But no one seems to have discovered the 'Set as default' function of Saved filters. And at least one user expressed confusion about defaults. Users get frustrated when the system does not present as they'd like it to. Some expressed interest in just having all settings persist when they leave the page. That solution is not compatible with our current one (Set default). To make Set defaults succeed, we need to make it more discoverable. Here is my fairly simple proposal for doing that:
Add'make this my default' to the bookmark action menu
- Clicking the bookmark produces the 'Save current filter settings' menu. The user is invited to enter the new filter's name in a text box.
- Under the text box, we put a checkbox for 'Make this the default'.
- If the user clicks the box, that filter becomes the "Create filter" button becomes the "Create default filter" button, with a pushpin icon.
- When the user clicks the Create default filter button, the filter is saved as the Default in the menu, with the pushpin.
- Maybe more importantly, the user learns about this function. And because she knows it exists, she will almost certainly be able to find it again when she needs it next.


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By Swami Harshananda
Digbandhana literally means 'shutting out the evil spirits'.
During the performance of ritualistic worship and acts, especially aimed to fulfill the desires, there is a possibility of obstacles to be created by inimical spirits. These spirits have to be 'locked out' of dik during the ritual. It can be done by chanting certain powerful mantras like the vyāhṛtis of the Gāyatrī or syllables like phaṭ. This is called 'digbandhana' or 'digbandha'.
After the ritual is over, the quarters (or dik) have to be reopened. This is called 'digvimoka'.
Exceptional Usage of Digbandhana
The process may also be used to arrest the movements of those who are likely to harm, like criminals. Such use of extraordinary powers has been recorded in the lives of great saints like Tailaṅga Svāmin (19th century) and Vijayadāsa (CE _PHONE_).
- Dik means quarters.
- The Concise Encyclopedia of Hinduism, Swami Harshananda, Ram Krishna Math, Bangalore


Why males are drawn to females with tiny legs
Why males are drawn to females with tiny legs
Which face is much more desirable? You share the tastes of most heterosexual men if you chose the face on the left. It really is a face that is composite or "morph", made of the faces of eight ladies with unusually little legs. The facial skin regarding the right is a morph of eight women with unusually feet that are large.
It is quite a significant difference, isn't it? Females with smaller legs have actually prettier faces, at the very least in accordance with the males whom participated in this research. Therefore do ladies with extended thigh bones and narrower sides, also ladies who are taller overall. Therefore the competition is not also a close one. "These will be the many strikingly various morphs I've ever seen, " claims Jeremy Atkinson, a psychologist that is evolutionary the University at Albany, ny.
Atkinson and their colleague Michelle Rowe measured hand size, base size, thigh length and hip width on 60 white feminine students, then modified each dimension to take into account specific variations in overall height. For every single of 16 body-part dimensions, they selected the eight females because of the shortest lengths as well as the eight aided by the longest, and constructed morphs of the faces. These morphs had been then ranked for attractiveness by 77 heterosexual male students.
The males had been three-and-a-half times as more likely to find the short-footed morph as more desirable, and very nearly 10 times as prone to state it had been more feminine, Atkinson and Rowe discovered.
Likewise, these were significantly more than 11 times as very likely to select the narrow-hipped morph as more appealing, and eight times as more likely to pick the long-thighed morph, the scientists reported at a gathering of this Human Behavior and Evolution community in Eugene, Oregon, final month.
Tough beginnings
Atkinson believes guys find these features attractive simply because they act as markers of the healthier youth. Continue reading "Why males are drawn to females with tiny legs"


What is SCD legal? Definition, Legal/Illegal lists & Legal yogurt
When I first started out on the Specific Carbohydrate Diet one of the things that struck me as a bit strange was the term "SCD legal". In this article, I take a dive deep into the concept of foods being SCD legal. I'll also share my experience with making SCD legal yogurt, one of the first recipes many people make on the diet.
What is SCD legal? SCD legal is the term used for foods that can be eaten on the Specific Carbohydrate Diet, in contrast to illegal foods or ingredients that must be avoided on the SCD diet. This shorthand of legal/illegal ingredients was introduced by Elaine Godshall, after the death of originator Dr. Sydney Hass.
Let's go through a bit of the background and history of what these terms mean and how they came about, as well as where to find information on which foods are allowed on the diet. If you are starting on the SCD or know someone who is, it can be helpful to have a little background.
SCD Legal Definition
So the definition of SCD Legal are foods and ingredients that can be eaten when following the Specific Carbohydrate Diet. This is in contrast to illegal ingredients and foods which must be excluded completely while following the SCD diet. It is simply the terminology chosen for highlighting what you can and cannot eat on the diet.
Over the many years following the SCD diet, I have had a lot of people smirk or crack jokes about the terminology chosen for the "legal/illegal" list of foods for the diet.
No, no one will be coming to arrest you if you eat a pound of candy, so that wording can seem a bit silly. Still, I think the goal was to impart the seriousness and importance of following the diet 100% with no exceptions until you are healed.
no food should be ingested that contains carbohydrates other than those found in fruits, honey, properly prepared yogurt, and those vegetables and nuts listed.
I can see the reasoning behind trying to communicate how strictly you have to follow the diet. It tends to be human nature to assume that a cheat here and there is not going to be such a big deal. For example that a one time exception where you eat some cake at a party is just part of life or that even what you don't know can't hurt you with certain unknowns in an ingredient list. I think the purpose of calling these ingredients "illegal" is to emphasize that it IS a big deal, that one slip up can set your progress by many months.
I have heard interviews with people who had followed the diet strictly for a period of years with full healing and decided they can begin to add foods deemed illegal on SCD back into their diets and one day ended up in the hospital. These types of stories tend to scare you straight, or at least they did for me.
It appears that Elaine Godshall, who popularized the current incarnation of the SCD diet, is the one who came up with the term SCD "legal" and "illegal".
The most prevalent terminology used in Management of celiac disease by Dr. Sydney Haas, the original creator of the diet, appears to have been the terminology "forbidden" foods, for example in this excerpt:
The strictness of this diet cannot be overemphasized, nor should the difficulty of adhering to it be minimized. Faithful observance requires intelligence and vigilance on the part of the mother or the person taking care of the child with celiac disease. It is surprising how many a child will, despite the best parental supervision, manage to get hold of forbidden food.
Management of celiac disease – Sidney Haas
Other terminology commonly used by Dr. Haas were "prohibited" and "not allowed". For example in the following passage in Management of celiac disease: "Any cereal grain is strictly and absolutely forbidden, including corn, wheat, rye or rice in any form, whether it is bread, cake, toast, zweiback, crackers, cookies or breakfast cereals. Potato is prohibited. Sugar is forbidden as sweetening or in the form of candy, pastries, breads, etc, as well as dextrins such as are found in corn sirups and lollipops. Milk other than protein milk is not allowed.".
Having these multiple ways of describing illegal foods on the SCD may have been not quite as clear and to the point. This may have been Elaine Godshall's thinking when coming up with the term illegal in her guidance for those following SCD in her book years later.
Using such strong language, it's hard not to take notice of what is strictly off limits on the diet, or at least it does the best job possible of driving home this point.
Specific Carbohydrate Diet Legal List
The official specific carbohydrate diet legal list is available on the Breaking the Vicious Cycle companion website:
This is a great resource that everyone on the diet will use periodically.
Although some general concepts you tend to put to memory, such as that carrots are legal but cane juice/cane sugar is not – the SCD legal list is great for confirming some less common foods, such as whether Jicama is legal (it is not).
One limitation you will notice about the SCD legal/illegal list is that it does not have every ingredient in the world. Given that it was Elaine Godshall herself who studied the biochemistry of foods and maintained the evaluations for SCD legal and illegal lists, there were understandably limits to the amounts of ingredients she had been able to review.
Elaine Godshall passed away in 2005. Since that time, as new food trends have emerged there has been a bit of a void in terms of another source of truth for whether items should be allowed on the SCD.
Elaine always maintained that if there weren't enough resources to study a particular food, that it was probably not worth taking a chance. That concept applied now more than ever, as new exotic fruits and vegetables are available in North America, one has to make a judgment call for themselves as to whether to take a chance eating a food that has not been blessed as SCD legal or play it safe by sticking to those foods reviewed for the SCD legal list (I would definitely recommend playing it safe for those who are still healing and following the SCD).
What is SCD Legal Yogurt?
SCD legal yogurt is simply a homemade yogurt created from scratch at home using an SCD compliant yogurt starter like the one from Yogourmet, with one additional requirement of letting the yogurt ferment for a full 24 hours as opposed to the more standard 4 or 8 hours.
One of the more exotic elements of the Specific Carbohydrate Diet is the recommendation to make your own yogurt from scratch. In general other ingredients, like carrots, eggs, fish and meats are pretty common, but people can get a little nervous about the requirement of making homemade yogurt.
As a quick overview, the steps to make SCD compliant yogurt are to heat milk on the stove to a simmer, making sure it doesn't boil over, then cover it and let it cool until it is below 110F (can take a bit of time), transfer a bit of the simmered milk into the yogurt maker (which keeps it at a steady 100-110F), add the yogurt starter, then add the rest of the milk and turn on the yogurt maker for a full 24 hours.
I hope to do a more in-depth article in the future on SCD yogurt making, but here are more details on the steps as well as a helpful video showing the steps:
This is a helpful video tutorial on making SCD legal yogurt if you are new at it. Note that if you cannot find the exact Dannon yogurt she mentions you can also use the Yogourmet starter linked above.
Related Questions
What does "SCD diet" mean? SCD diet stands for the Specific Carbohydrate Diet, created by Sidney Valentine Haas, M.D. and made popular by Elaine Gottschall in her book Breaking The Vicious Cycle. Its goal is the management of Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, celiac disease, diverticulitis, cystic fibrosis and chronic diarrhea.
What is SCD legal bacon? SCD Legal bacon is any bacon that does not contain ingredients that are restricted from the Specific Carbohydrate Diet, such as refined sugar. Although in the book Breaking The Vicious Cycle, bacon cured with sugar is allowed once per week in small quantities, SCD legal bacon can be eaten liberally.
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Sylvester and the Magic Pebble (Grade 2)
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Sylvester and the Magic Pebble
Who wrote Sylvester and the Magic Pebble?
 1. Mo Willems
 2. William Steig
 3. Beatrix Potter
 4. Maurice Sendak
What was Sylvester's hobby?
 1. counting coins
 2. drawing pictures
 3. collecting pebbles
 4. making up recipes
It was raining outside. What did Sylvester do?
 1. went home
 2. got an umbrella
 3. danced in the rain
 4. wished it would stop raining
The author said the rain didn't stop gradually, it CEASED. What does CEASED most likely mean?
 1. kept going
 2. stopped slowly
 3. rained even harder
 4. stopped right away
Sylvester thought something magical had happened. What did he think caused the magic?
 1. his mind
 2. a magician
 3. the red pebble
 4. wishing really hard
Sylvester decided to test the pebble. How did he test it?
 1. He dropped it on the ground.
 2. He wished that it would rain.
 3. He wished for a million dollars.
 4. He asked it to give him a sign.
A lion came near Sylvester. What happened next?
 1. Sylvester ran home.
 2. The lion growed at Sylvester.
 3. The lion gobbled Sylvester up.
 4. Sylvester wished he was a rock.
Why couldn't Sylvester make another wish with the pebble?
 1. He couldn't touch the pebble.
 2. The pebble lost its magic.
 3. The lion stole the pebble.
 4. He lost the pebble on the ground.
How did Sylvester feel as a rock?
 1. hard
 2. happy
 3. excited
 4. hopeless
How long was Sylvester missing?
 1. a day
 2. a week
 3. a month
 4. many months
Why did Sylvester's parents go to Strawberry Hill?
 1. to pick flowers
 2. to have a picnic
 3. to talk to the lion
 4. to look for Sylvester
Why did the wish work when Sylvester was a rock?
 1. His parents held the pebble.
 2. The pebble was touching the rock.
 3. His parents' tears fell upon the rock.
 4. A witch had sprinkled magic powder on him.
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Survival and death causes of patients with giant cell arteritis in Western Norway _PHONE_: a retrospective cohort study
Peer reviewed, Journal article
MetadataShow full item record
Original versionBrekke LK, Fevang BTS, Diamantopoulos A, Assmus J, Esperø EL, Gjesdal C. Survival and death causes of patients with giant cell arteritis in Western Norway _PHONE_: a retrospective cohort study. Arthritis Research & Therapy. 2019;21:154 _URL_
Background: Our objective was to determine the survival and causes of death in a large and well-characterized cohort of patients with giant cell arteritis (GCA). Methods: This is a hospital-based, retrospective, observational cohort study including patients diagnosed with GCA in Western Norway during 1972–2012. Patients were identified through computerized hospital records using the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-coding system. Medical records were reviewed. Patients were randomly assigned population controls matched on age, sex, and geography from the Central Population Registry of Norway (CPRN). Date and cause of death were obtained from the Norwegian Cause of Death Registry (NCoDR). The survival was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier methods with the Gehan-Breslow test and the causes of death using cumulative incidence and Cox models for competing risks. Results: We identified 881 cases with a clinical diagnosis of GCA of which 792 fulfilled the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) 1990 classification criteria. Among those fulfilling the ACR criteria, 528 were also biopsy-verified. Cases were matched with 2577 population controls. A total of 490 (56%) GCA patients and 1517 (59%) controls died during the study period. We found no difference in the overall survival of GCA patients compared to controls, p = 0.413. The most frequent underlying causes of death in both groups were diseases of the circulatory system followed by cancer. GCA patients had increased risk of dying of circulatory disease (HR 1.31, 95% CI 1.13–1.51, p < 0.001) but lower risk of dying of cancer (HR 0.56, 95% CI 0.42–0.73, p < 0.001) compared to population controls. Conclusions: We found no difference in the overall survival of GCA patients compared to matched controls, but there were differences in the distribution of underlying death causes.


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A sump is a tank underneath the display tank that water drains into and is then pumped back up. In a sump you can have a wet/dry, refugium, skimmer, pumps, heaters, reactors, and many other things. Wet/dry is a type of filtration that is usually in a sump. In what I refer to as a modern reef aquarium a sump is used but not wet/dry, at least not bioballs. People found that if they took out their bioballs the only difference was less nitrate. Some replaced it with live rock, some simply don't use wet/dry at all.
Here is a picture of my sump. On the left you can see the 'bubble section'. This is where all water that goes into the sump is dumped. The overflow box drains into this section, as well as the skimmer, auto top off, and reactors. The middle section is the refugium. There are multiple types of refugia but the usual is used for nutrient export. To achieve this you put lots of 6500K lighting over this section of the sump and grow macroalgae (chaetomorpha is best). The last section is for pumps. The main return pump, skimmer pump, and reactor pumps are housed in this section. To the right of the sump you can see the 2-gallon reservoir for the auto top off.


Selection Criteria
Acceptance into the Program is competitive and requires the commitment and ability to successfully complete the two years. The average overall and science GPA of accepted students is approximately 3.4 and the average composite and science ACT scores is 21. This varies each year and is dependent on the applicant pool. Each applicant receives points based on their academic performance in each of the following categories:
 - Cumulative Grade Point Average (Retention GPA will be considered)
 - Science GPA
 - ACT/SAT Composite Score
 - ACT/SAT Science Score
Additional points towards selection are also given based on the following categories:
 - Dental office experience/observation (verified)
 - GPA greater than or equal to 3.0 for 35 or more college credits
 - BS/BA degree or advanced degree
Based on the points received from all the above categories, applicants are ranked and the top 28 applicants are invited to a group orientation and group interview with the dental hygiene faculty.


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7 April is World Health Day, and IANSA members are campaigning to raise awareness about the public health aspects of small arms worldwide.
In Switzerland, a broad coalition of organisations and political parties said they were disappointed but not defeated after a majority of 56% voted against an initiative to introduce stricter gun laws on 9 February.
Canada's gun laws have resulted in a significant drop in the number of homicides committed with a firearm, according to new research published in the Canadian Journal of Criminology and Criminal Justice.
3 December was the International Day of Persons with Disabilities. 3000 people are seriously injured by guns every day, many injuries leading to long-term or permanent disability.
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Patient and Family Centered Care is the core of the San Leandro Hospital care philosophy. We are centered on the needs of our patients and their families through a welcomed partnership between patient, family and the health care team. We develop programs, policies and processes that improve the patient experience and give patients and their families the opportunity to make informed choices about their care and the delivery process.
We pledge to patients and their families a daily commitment to the values and standards of Patient and Family Centered Care:
- We know, accept and respect that every patient is different and comes with his/ her own set of expectations.
- We understand and honor patients' personal preferences, cultural beliefs, values, choices, decisions, lifestyles and family situations.
- We involve patients and family members in the decision making process as a joint partner of the care team.
- We empower patients and family members to monitor and provide input to their clinical care and decisions, allowing them to decide their span of control.
- We ensure the patient transitions between staff, providers, departments and campuses are efficient, timely and coordinated.
- We provide a welcoming, supportive environment for healing and wellness.
Visit Our Services for a comprehensive list of care provided at San Leandro Hospital.
Quality and Safety at San Leandro Hospital
No Matter How You Define Quality – It's Built on a Foundation of Patient Safety
Patients and families know quality care when they experience it. A nurse's quick, timely, and caring response, a doctor's bedside manner, the hospital's cleanliness and comfort, a safe and clean environment – all these things affect how people feel about the quality of their health care.
At San Leandro Hospital, we believe that the highest quality and the best clinical outcomes cannot be achieved without establishing the safest possible environment for our patients. Patient safety is the foundation for how we provide care.
We believe that quality health care is:
- Safe: Avoiding and ultimately eliminating errors and/or injuries to patients from the care that is intended to help them.
- Effective: Providing care and services based on scientific knowledge and best practices.
- Patient and Family Centered: Providing care that is respectful of and responsive to individual patient and family preferences, needs and values, ensuring that patients' values guide all clinical decisions.
- Timely: Reducing waits and sometimes harmful delays for both those who receive and provide care.
- Efficient: Maximizing value and avoiding waste, including waste of equipment, supplies, ideas and energy.
- Equitable: Providing care that does not vary in quality because of personal characteristics such as gender, orientation, ethnicity, geographic location, and socioeconomic status.
We are passionate about our commitment to continuously improving all of these important aspects of quality health care.
How Quality is Measured
Quality data comes in many forms. Information can be pulled from clinical records, billing information or administrative codes that are used to classify diagnoses and conditions. The data is run through complex math models to try to make it meaningful.
Because quality data is pulled from multiple sources, documentation plays a crucial role in measurement. When treating a patient, a practitioner needs to accurately and consistently report the specific diagnosis and document the treatment the patient receives.
If the practitioner makes an error in the documentation process, it can have a negative effect on the hospital's performance rating – even if the patient's clinical outcome is optimal.
San Leandro Hospital has implemented an electronic documentation system and trained our health care practitioners to ensure that documentation is accurate and specific. Accurate documentation helps to limit reporting errors, so our clinical and administrative staff can better identify true clinical improvement opportunities.


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Surf Guides - Seasonal - World Surf League - Contract
Hospitality & Tourism
We are currently seeking Seasonal Surf Guides to work at our Leemore, CA, Surf Ranch location during the 2019 Season, April through to October, 2019.
Surf Guides play an integral role in guest safety and guest experience both in and out of the water at Surf Ranch. Under the direct supervision of the Surf Ranch Client Service Manager, Surf Guides perform various duties at the Surf Ranch facility. This includes, but is not limited to, facilitating guest surfing, enforcing rules, and providing quality guest service. The Surf Guide will work directly with guests to provide them with the best possible surfing experience during their time at Surf Ranch. The Surf Guide must have a thorough understanding of all 'wave system' operations including a working knowledge of the Surf Ranch Wave, as well as lifeguard duties as they pertain to emergency communication and response.
Responsibilities include (but not limited to):
- Instruct, advise, and assist guests with all surfing operations.
- Ensure the health, safety, and welfare of visitors.
- Maintain all surfing equipment such as boards, fins, leashes etc.
- Assist lifeguards in emergency medical aid and water response.
- Maintain training requirements.
- Provide clean locker room, including guest names on lockers.
- Maintain cleanliness and general upkeep of Surf Ranch facilities including the board room.
- Ensure all activities & operations are conducted in accordance with established procedures & policies.
- Enforce rules, safety regulations, and general facility rules.
- Provide in water surf coaching in a manner consistent with the company's surf coach program.
- Provide video analysis and coaching during feedback sessions following surfing activities in a manner consistent with the company's coaching program.
- Understand the 'Surf Ranch Water Safety & Rescue Operations'.
- Understand the 'Surf Ranch Wave System Theory of Operations'
- Knowledge of surf instruction that can be applied to all skill levels, fully incorporating the company's surf guide training program
- Strong communication skills to communicate to staff during emergency response via hand signals and other communication protocols
- 10+ years of surfing experience
- Surf Ranch specific water safety training
- CPR/AED & First Aid Certified preferred
- Previous surf lesson experience preferred
- Excited and enthusiastic outlook on work as it pertains to guests and Surf Ranch
- Optimism and energy for the brand and its future
- An open and collaborative nature
- A high degree of self-awareness of one's own personal style, strengths and weaknesses and motivational triggers.
- Integrity and honesty
- Physically able to swim, swim in rough and deep water, walk, run, walk or run over rough or uneven surfaces, bend, stoop, lift, push, pull, and carry loads.
- Must be able to swim at least 550 yards, dive at least 10 feet deep, swim with a 10 pound object for at least 20 yards, and tread water for at least 2 minutes.
- Must be able to watch and supervise groups of students in the ocean and/or bay while coaching technique and supervising safety.
- Must be able to recognize and respond to emergencies and prevent injuries or drowning.


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Analytic characterizations of Mazur's intersection property via convex functions
- 数学科学－已发表论文
In this paper, we present analytical characterizations of Mazur's intersection property (MIP), the CIP and the MIP* via a specific class of convex functions and their conjugates. More precisely, let X be a Banach space and X* be its dual. Then X has the MIP if and only if for every extended real-valued lower semi-continuous convex function f defined on X with bounded domain, f is the supremum of all functions g <= f of the form: g(x) = r(0) - root R-2 - parallel to x - x(0)parallel to(2), if parallel to x - x(0)parallel to <= R; = + infinity, otherwise for some x(0) is an element of X (X*) and r(0) is an element of R, R > 0. And X has the CIP if and only if for every extended real-valued lower semi-continuous convex function on X with relatively compact domain, f* is the infimum of all functions h >= f* which are of the form: h(x*) = R-0 root 1 + parallel to x*parallel to(2) + (x*, x(0)) + r(0), for all x* is an element of X*. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
出处JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS，2012,262（11）：4731-4745


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If you own property on a lake, one of the issues you're going to have to consider is the safety of your electricity down at the dock and next to the water. As outdoor electricians in Forsyth County, GA, we frequently work with people who have waterfront property, and just about every time we analyze people's property, we find some stray voltage in the water, meaning the water has at least some level of electrical charge. There are very few docks you'll find without any stray voltage.
Why is this important to know, and what is involved with checking the voltage? Here's some information you should be aware of as a person who owns or enjoys visiting waterfront property.
Searching for stray voltage
Checking the voltage of the water is as simple as checking the voltage of any other item or material. Simply place a voltage detector in the water and check the readings.
Many times, the readings will only be in the millivolts range. This is a negligible amount of electricity that will be unlikely to have any sort of effect. However, any higher than that and you need to start being concerned about safety. Electrical shock drowning can occur with as little as two volts in the water. This happens when an electrical current found in the water passes through an individual in that area's water. The person could become paralyzed as a result of the current, unable to swim away or keep floating.
Ideally, then, there should be no voltage at all in the water when you perform the inspection. If there is stray voltage, it's important to determine what is causing it and how you can remedy the issue.
Even if the dock is wired to code, there is still a chance it will give off stray voltage. In some cases, there may be ground wires for motors on boat lifts that are too thin, in which case there is more resistance for the electricity. It becomes easier for the electricity to pass through the water rather than the ground wire.
There may also be an issue with electrical panels being wired the same as they would be in homes, rather than wired with neutral wires isolated. Outdoor electricians will understand the differences in wiring indoor versus outdoor panels and the safety issues associated with that.
In cases of higher levels of stray voltage, the electrical problems may be more obvious or severe.
In any case, a professional electrician can analyze your dock electricity in Forsyth County, GA to determine if it is at safe levels. If you're interested in learning more about stray voltage in water and how it occurs, we encourage you to contact Duke Electric Co. today about our services and about the methods we use to analyze stray voltage. Our team would be happy to answer any questions you have, and we look forward to coming out to analyze your dock and property to ensure your risk of electrocution in the water is eliminated.
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Physical rehabilitation in Kansas City involves a variety of exercises, including exercises that focus on range of motion. These exercises are designed to help improve and expedite the range of motion. The range of motion is one of the key areas that physical rehabilitation in Kansas City works to improve.
Range of motion defines the extent of movement a particular joint can make at one attempt. If range is affected, it is challenging or impossible to move a specific part of the body around the joint area. It is common for athletes and non-athletes to experience injuries or accidents that impact or limit their range of motion.
Here are a few of the most common triggers that affect range of motion:
- Sprained joints
- Lack of movement or activity following surgery
- Lack of physical activity or exercise in general
Exercises designed to improve range of motion help to reverse the impairment and reinstate free and unrestricted movement of the muscles and joints. Physical rehabilitation in Kansas City introduces basic exercise techniques to correct impaired range of motion. Most importantly, they help to restore range of motion without causing further damage to the affected joint area.
Here is a brief overview of those exercises:
Passive exercises: these exercises are impactful for joints that are no longer active as a result of paralysis or injury.
Active-assistant exercises: these exercises are performed with some assistance from the physical rehab tech. Patients perform the majority of the movements but the rehab tech helps to ensure that the movements are done correctly.
Active exercises: these exercises are performed with little help from the rehab tech, because the patient can complete them on their own. The tech may offer verbal advisement about execution or posture during the exercises.
Range of motion exercises are extremely beneficial in improving the movement of joints that have been damage or injured. Physical rehabilitation in Kansas City is an effective option for those looking to find relief for joint pain and damage.
Physical Rehabilitation in Kansas City
At LifeWorks Integrative Health, we offer integrative treatment options such as physical rehabilitation for a wide category of issues. We specialize in creating customized treatment plans for each patient to help deliver relief that lasts because we address the source of your problem and chronic pain.
Call or Contact Us to schedule a complimentary consultation and see if you qualify for this integrative treatment approach.


A Lesson before Dying Short Answer Test - Answer Key
Buy the A Lesson before Dying Lesson Plans
1. Who says that all in the courtroom know what the outcome of the trial will be?
The unnamed narrator
2. Who is the young African American man at the center of the trial?
3. Which of the following men did not get into the car to go to the bar?
4. Where did the men in #3 end up going?
White Rabbit Bar and Lounge
5. Who was the owner of this bar?
Alcee Grope
6. Who grabs a gun and starts shooting?
7. Where does Grant drive Miss Emma and Tante Lou?
To Henri Pichot's home
8. Who is the maid at the house in #7?
9. What does Rougon's family own in a neighboring town?
A bank
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