This is the perfect pocket guide for nature and foraging enthusiasts keen to identify the most commonly found mushrooms and toadstools in Britain and northern Europe.
Authoritative text, beautiful photographs and detailed illustrations show the distinguishing features of each mushroom and toadstool, including details of size, habitat and when it can be found, whether it is edible or poisonous and most importantly, which similar species it can be confused with and why.
This new edition builds on the strengths of the unrivalled original, now expanded to include over 240 species of mushroom and toadstool.
Collins Gem Mushrooms


Zoonosis Diagnostic
As Limbach Group reference laboratory for zoonosis diagnostics, all required test methods are established within our company. Furthermore, there is a high level of consultancy expertise for both, senders and colleagues of other Limbach Group laboratories.
Zoonosis are infections transmitted directly or indirectly from animals to humans. For identifying such infections special serological, cultural and molecular biological methods are necessary.
Your contact:
> Prof. Dr. med. Nele Wellinghausen,
 medical specialist for microbiology, virology and infection epidemiology, medical specialist for laboratory medicine
> Dr. med. Ralitsa Ivanova
> Dr. rer. nat. Susanne Deininger, Diplom-biologist
> Andrea Götz, Diplom-biologist


We love Thai food! Then again, who doesn't?
But much like Chinese food, there are serious differences between real Thai food, and the Thai food served in the West. The names are similar, but Western Thai food has been toned down and adjusted to Western palates. As a result, real Thai food can be a bit of a shock to first-time travelers to Thailand.
If you're planning a delicious lunch or dinner on a nice Thai restaurant, here are a few reality checks that might help you cope with the difference–and dig right into one of the most delicious cuisines on the planet!
Myth 1: All Thai food is great for vegetarians.
Fact: Some Thai dishes contain small amounts of meat.
This is one of the most persistent and erroneous ideas that the West has about Thai food. You might think going to Thailand is a perfect opportunity to go vegetarian, but you should think thoroughly before doing it.
The notion that most Thai food are vegetarian-friendly probably arises from its delicious vegetable dishes, and the fact that Thailand is a majority Buddhist country. It's true that most monks eat vegetarian diets, but in Thai Buddhism there is no proscription against laypeople eating meat. Animal ingredients are everywhere, from soup stock to fish sauce. Most dishes are prepared with a small portion of meat, with pork being the most common.
Good news is, the quantities of meat in Thai food are much smaller than your typical Western meal. The meat feels more like a flavor additive than a main ingredient. And of course, there also a LOT of Thai dishes that does not contain meet – which vegetarians can enjoy!
Myth 2: Thai food is really spicy.
Fact: It depends.
It's very rare that a dish in Thailand will melt your face right off. Thais use reasonable amounts of chili when cooking, and chili in various forms like powder, in vinegar, in fish sauce, or even fresh – is available as a condiment for you to spice things up just the way you want it. When preparing dishes that are notorious for being spicy–like som tam, or papaya salad. Thais themselves have variable tastes, which is why you won't find anything that's horrendously hot right off the wok.
If you want it hot, just say how you want it done. You'll probably have to defend your love of spicy food even then.
Myth 3: You eat Thai food with chopsticks.
Fact: Thais eat noodles with chopsticks, and everything else with spoon and fork.
Don't be offended if you sit down at a restaurant and are given a spoon and fork; that's actually what the Thais use themselves. Thais have been using utensils since the end of the nineteenth century, and prior to that, they did like in India and ate with their right hand. Sticky rice dishes is still eaten with the right hand, but that's about it.
To eat like the Thais, simply hold the spoon in your dominant hand and the fork in the other. Use the fork to push food unto the spoon, and eat with the spoon. Never stick anything with the fork, or use it to put food in your mouth: that's considered improper.
Thais use chopsticks only for noodle dishes, and they're considered a foreign utensil. Pad thai, even though it's a noodle dish, is considered enough of a Thai dish that it's eaten with a spoon and fork.
Myth 4: Thai street food is not safe.
Fact: Thai street food is among the safest in the world!
If you are traveling to Thailand, you need to throw away the stereotype that Thai street food is not safe. Because in fact, street food is a way of life in Thailand. There's nothing quite so Thai as to sit down on the curb and enjoy the hustle and bustle of a busy street stall.
What's more, Thai street food is among the safest and tastiest in the world. Vendors in general are very cautious with hygiene. You can tell that a given stall is trustworthy if you see many Thais eat there; chances are they are regulars, and they wouldn't come back if it made them sick.
For more info on eating Thai food, check out our latest blogs!
Do you agree or disagree with these? Do you have questions or comments about Thai food? Let us know!
If you're craving for some Thai dish, come and see what we have here in Yummy Thai Irving! You'll surely be delighted in our wide range of Thai dishes. Aroi mak mak!


text:
Water Project H2Ooooh! is a TV-series of 3D cartoon animations that were created based on story boards developed by Italian schools. In 2010 this initiative was devised by Gruppo Alcuni in collaboration with the UNESCO Venice Office and Rai Fiction.
With "Water Project H2Ooooh!" 6,000 students ages 6 to 16 from 280 Italian schools were actively engaged to create a storyboard (or in other words a series of drawings representing the main scenes of a cartoon) on the theme of water and the issues related to its use, to its exploitation and to its limited supply. The schools took part in an educational course which included videos, books, etc which on the one hand allowed children to learn about the creation of animated cartoons and on the other hand it also encouraged a greater understanding of the situation related to water resources in our world today.
The project has been carried out during the 2008-2009 and 2009-2010 school years and was aimed at all teachers open to participating in a creative activity on the theme of water and science with their Primary or early Secondary school classes. The result is a 3-D animated television series in English and Italian (Italian subtitles) with six Pet Pals as main characters focusing on the issue of water protection, which has been broadcast on the public national broadcaster Rai Due in May and June 2010.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Preparing for Your Neighborhood Clinic Visit
The King County Bar Association, sponsor of the Neighborhood Legal Clinics, has posted a useful checklist for preparing to attend a session at one of their legal clinics. To make the best use of your time please:
1. Decide on the desired outcome or goal.
2. Schedule an appointment at a Neighborhood Legal Clinic.
3. Write a list of specific questions for the attorney.
4. Bring to the clinic appointment:
–Agreements or contracts (signed or proposed)
–Written rules or policies
–Court orders
–Court papers served on you or that you filed with the court
–All letters or emails to and from person or business with whom you have the disagreement
6. Identify all deadlines.
7. Tell the legal clinic volunteer about these deadlines.


Weighted Average Credit Rating
DEFINITION of 'Weighted Average Credit Rating'
The weighted average of all the bond credit ratings in a bond fund. The measure gives investors an idea of how risky a fund's bonds are overall. The lower the weighted average credit rating, the riskier the bond fund. The weighted average credit rating is expressed as a regular letter rating (AAA, BBB, CCC).
BREAKING DOWN 'Weighted Average Credit Rating'
To arrive at the weighted average credit rating, the calculation starts with dividing the value of each bond in the fund by the total value of the fund. This gives the individual bond weights. The weight of a bond in the fund determines how much that bond influences the weighted average credit rating. For example, if a bond fund has 95% AAA government bonds and 5% junk bonds, the bond fund would still have a weighted average credit rating of AAA.
 1. Japan Credit Rating Agency - JCR
 One of the key credit rating agencies in Japan. JCR provides...
 2. Junk Bond
 3. Investment Grade
 4. Bond Rating
 5. Credit Risk
 6. Bond Fund
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Crioda, King of West Saxons
Crioda, King of West Saxons's Geni Profile
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Also Known As: "Crioda", "Creoda of the Gewissae"
Birthplace: Wessex, England
Death: Died in Wessex, England
Immediate Family:
Son of Cerdic, King of the West Saxons and N.N Queen of Wessex
Husband of Unknown Wife
Father of Cynric, King of Wessex; Cwichelm, Prince Of Wessex and Crida, Prince of Wessex
Managed by: Ray
Last Updated:
About Crioda, King of West Saxons
Creoda of Wessex (b. c. 493) is a shadowy figure in early Wessex history, mentioned only in the regnal list in the preface of the Anglo-Saxon chronicle. There he is stated to have been the son of Cerdic and father to Cynric.
 1. ID: I179794
 2. Name: King Creoda [@ <^>v] de Wessex
 3. Sex: M
 4. Birth: 510
 5. Death: 559
Father: King Cerdic [@ <^>v] de Wessex b: 492
Marriage 1 Spouse Unknown
 1. Has Children King Cynric [@ <^>v] de Wessex b: 528
Some authorities question Creoda's insertion as a generation between Cerdic and Cynric.
reoda of Wessex
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Whether or not Creola was a son of Cerdic and father of Cynric is notcertain. From the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, Winchester Manuscript,Cynric is listed as the son of Cerdic. However the Abingdon andWorcester Manuscripts have Creola as the son of Cerdic and father ofCynric. Creola is included here to allow for the possibility that hewas the son of Cerdic
 Bestaan van deze persoon is niet bewezen. Volgens overlevering is zijn zoon Cynric eigenlijk de directe zoon van Cerdic (de vader van Creoda).
Creoda was a co-Ruler of West Saxons, before 534. Creoda isn't mentioned by every authority, but Royalty For Commoners does include him. Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 does too, by omission. However, in fairness, even the Anglo-Saxon Chronical skips Creoda. However, if one examines the ages, the Creoda generation does make sense.
"By some accounts he also reigned jointly (519-534) with his grandfather (or father?), Cerdic, founder of Wessex." -------------------- Born Wessex, England 493. -------------------- There is an unsolved mystery surrounding the name of Creoda (also Cretta or Crida). The name of Creoda is a highly rare name - in fact, only four times the name 'Creoda', in its' various spellings, is mentioned during the 600 years history of Anglo-Saxons, and the place names connected somehow to the name of Creoda are few, and are located not far from the city of Cirencester:
1) Creoda, King of Mercians, who claimed to be descendant of Icel, and alleged first King of Mercia.
2) Certain 'Creoda' King of West Saxons appears in some ancient regnal lists, but about whom nothing is known.
3) Cretta who appears in the list of the ancestors, or possibly Kings, of Aldfrith,ill-fated and the only known King of Lindsey.
4) Certain Crida, who is once mentioned is 'Anglo-Saxon Chronicle' 593:
'Ceawiln, Cwichelm and Crida perished…'.
All the variations: Critta,Crida and Creoda are almost certainly,the different spellings of the same name, and at least three of the above mentioned persons (Creoda of Mercia, Critta of Lindsey and, of course, Crida of 'Anglo-Saxon Chronicle') are known to have died about the same time - about the end of the sixth century, so they probably, or even almost certainly were the same person.
A number of different explanations were made, but the most probable theory relays to the name of Creoda's alleged father Venta. 'Venta' is not a name, either British or English, but a name of a place: Venta, or in Roman: 'Caistor-next-Norwich', a place in Norfolk, which might have been a residence of unknown East Anglian Kings, if in the late 5th or in 6th century East Anglia, before it's history was beginning to be recorded, was devided into two Kingdoms (see: Kingdom of East Anglia).
This Creoda might have been the King of Northern East Anglia, and who was expelled in or before the year 571, when East Anglian King Wuffa annexed Norfolk and expelled its' ruler, after what event English led by Creoda moved westwords, were he created (at least he is listed as the first King of these Kingdoms) the Kingdoms of Lindsey and Mercia, probably in this order. It is also plausible, that Creoda himself was the King of the whole Kingdom of East Anlgia, whom Wuffa, son of Wehha, whom the posterity made the first,or one of the firts,legitimate ruler of East Angles, expelled from his domains, but it is unprobabe, since there is no mention of such King of East Anglia in any existent regnal lists or ancient historical writings or documents.The exact date of Creoda's death is given in 'Anglo-Saxon Chronicle' 593, according to which he 'perished' along with Ceawlin, King of Wessex (what may eliminate the possibility, that this Creoda might also have been a sole King of West Saxons, though he might have been a joint ruler with this Ceawlin - nothing is known about this West Saxon Creoda who appears in some ancient regnal lists as King of West Saxons - it probably was, if he ever existed, another 'Creoda') and Cwichhelm (probably some local West Saxon lord).
According to the Mercian traditions and genealogies, the name of Creoda's father was 'Cynewald' and although nothing, except his name, is known about him, this is the most plausible version, since the name 'Cynewald' is a real English name, of, probably, an existing person. In old West Saxon regnal list were Creoda's name appears as King of Wessex, his father is unnamed and unknown.
Creoda from Lindsey left issue: son named Cueldgils,who might have been the next King of Lindsey, but of whom nothing is known.The Mercian Creoda left another son, named Pybba or Pypba, who appeared is some old Mercian regnal lists, and who later became a King of Mercia.
-------------------- Cerdic was allegedly the first King of Anglo-Saxon Wessex from 519 to 534, cited by the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle as the founder of the Kingdom of Wessex and ancestor of all its subsequent kings.
According to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, Cerdic landed in Hampshire in 495 with his son Cynric in five ships. He is said to have fought a Brittonic king named Natanleod at Netley Marsh in Hampshire and killed him thirteen years later (in 508) and to have fought at Cerdicesleag (Charford, Cerdic's Ford[1]) in 519, after which he became first king of Wessex. The conquest of the Isle of Wight is also mentioned among his campaigns, and it was later given to his kinsmen, Stuf and Wihtgar (who had supposedly arrived with the West Saxons in 514). Cerdic died in 534 and was succeeded by his son Cynric.
Kings and Queens of Britain, Grevill Stewart Parker Freeman-Grenville, (Wordsworth Editions Ltd. 1999), p. 12.
Står även som namnet Cerdic av Wessex Anglosaxiska ätten.
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Crioda, King of West Saxons's Timeline
Wessex, England
Age 31
Wessex,, England
Age 32
Age 41
Wessex, England
Age 41


text:
Blegoš, at 1563 m high, represents the highest peak of the Škofja Loka Hills. Here the upper border of the forest is extremely low, hardly reaching a height of 1500 m. Blegoš is well known for its fauna and flora.
A carpet of rhododendrons spreads above the forest, where in between clustered bunches of mountain knapweed grow, and mountain orchids thrive on the grassy turf. There are so many that Blegoš could be called the mountain of orchids. The concrete fortifications of the Rupnik line at the top of Blegoš date back to before the Second World War. At that time Blegoš was one of the major strongholds in the military system of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia against Italy.


text: Upper extremity disorders (UEDs) account for a significant number of work-related illnesses in the US workforce. Little information exists on the distribution of UEDs, their associated health care and indemnity costs, or patterns of work disability. The study presented is an analysis of upper extremity claims within the federal workforce. In this study, the universe consisted of all claims accepted by the US Department of Labor, Office of Workers' Compensation Programs (OWCP), from October 1, 1993, through September 30, 1994. A total of 185,927 claims of notices of injury were processed during the study period, and of these, 8,147 or 4.4% had an UED diagnosis coded according to the International Classification of Diseases, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM). 5,844 claims involved a single UED diagnosis and were the only claims filed by these employees between October 1, 1990, and September 30, 1994. These single claims with single diagnoses comprised the sample for further analysis. Mononeuritis and enthesopathies of the upper limb were the most common diagnoses, accounting for 43% and 31% of the claims, respectively. Women had a higher proportion of carpal tunnel syndrome, "unspecified" mononeuritis, and "unspecified" enthesopathies. The majority of claimants for both the mononeuritisand enthesopathy-related diagnoses were between 31 and 50 years of age, received only health care benefits, and did not incur wage loss. Health care costs for mononeuritis and enthesopathy claims were $12,228,755 (M = $2,849). Carpal tunnel syndrome(CTS) and enthesopathy of the elbow were the most costly diagnoses, accounting for 57% and 16% of the total, respectively. Surgical services represented the highest expenditures in CTS claims. Physical therapy accounted for the majority of health care costs for enthesopathy cases. The mean number of workdays lost for CTS and enthesopathy claims were 84 and 79, and the average indemnity costs were $4,941 and $4,477, respectively. These findings indicate that while UEDs represent a relatively small percentage of all workers' compensation cases, the health care and indemnity costs are considerable. Also mean duration and pattern of work disability revealed that these disorders can result in chronic work disability similar to that observed in low back pain. The results highlight the need to determine whether interventions that account for the majority of costs significantly impact long-term outcomes. There is also a need to identify risk factors for prolonged disability in those who experience problems with delayed recovery.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Help Center>Studio (Foundation)
Create a script to query SAP
Creating a Query script is a five-step process.
choose define map submit approve run process
 1. Choose fields by using tables, InfoSets, or logical databases. Or, if you are more familiar with transactions in SAP, you can create a query from a transaction recording.
 file new query
 2. Specify criteria.
 3. Map the script's fields to a data file.
 4. Submit the script for approval.
 5. Run the script to download the data from SAP.
These topics walk you step-by-step through the basic end-to-end process of building and running a query.
For information on more advanced features, see the best practices or click the links at the end of a topic.
Winshuttle Function Module is required for multiple-table queries on systems that are running Winshuttle SAP Integration Server v11.x.
The number of tables that you can add to a query is specified in the Foundation site's settings. If you are not able to add all the tables that you need, contact your Foundation site manager or consider using an InfoSet or a logical database (LDB).
Approving your own queries
If you have a developer role, and if self-approval is enabled by the administrator, you can run files on a nonproduction server without submitting them for approval.
If your Foundation administrator removes the approval requirement, all queries can be created and run without first being approved.


Basis of the bargain test
Under section 2-313 of the Uniform Commercial Code, when determining whether an express warranty exists or is valid in a sale of goods between two parties, the court asks if any promise or affirmation, any description of the goods or any sample or model of the goods displayed by a seller "became a basis of the bargain" between a buyer and a seller thereby creating an express warranty on the goods.
Though this test is used by the courts to determine if an express warranty exists, it is unclear in the case law how precisely basis of the bargain is defined, if actual buyer reliance on the promise or description is required, or if the information is something that a reasonable buyer can rely on will suffice to meet the requirment.


text:
How to switch from Qustodio Parents' App to Qustodio children's App
If you have accidentally installed the Qustodio Parents' App on a child's device and wish to monitor it instead, this article will explain how to do so.
Steps to switch to monitoring a child's device
1. On the top left side of the screen, tap the Menu icon
2. In the drop down menu choose to Logout
3. Tap OK
4. Then tap the app again, and the configuration process will start all over
Congratulations! You should be now able to set up Qustodio to monitor this device.


This is a good article. Click here for more information.
Kauri gum
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
A 19th-century carving of a tattooed Maori from kauri gum. The carving is owned and displayed by the Dargaville Museum, New Zealand.
Kauri gum (/kˈri/)[1] is a fossilised resin extracted from kauri trees (Agathis australis), which is made into crafts such as jewellery. Kauri forests once covered much of the North Island of New Zealand, before the arrival of people caused deforestation, causing several areas to revert to sand dunes, scrubs, and swamps. Even afterward, ancient kauri fields continued to provide a source for the gum and the remaining forests.[2][3]
A dark gold transparent smooth lump of resin
Kauri gum, polished
A dark gold transparent rough lump of resin
Kauri gum, unpolished
The Māori had many uses for the gum, which they called kapia. Fresh gum was used as a type of chewing gum (older gum was softened by soaking and mixing with juice of the puha thistle). Highly flammable, the gum was also used as a fire-starter, or bound in flax to act as a torch. Burnt and mixed with animal fat, it made a dark pigment for moko tattooing.[5] Kauri gum was also crafted into jewellery, keepsakes, and small decorative items. Like amber, kauri gum sometimes includes insects and plant material.[6]
Kauri gum was used commercially in varnish, and can be considered a type of copal (the name given to resin used in such a way). Kauri gum was found to be particularly good for this, and from the mid-1840s was exported to London and America. Tentative exports had begun a few years earlier, however, for use in marine glue and as fire-kindlers;[7] gum had even made up part of an export cargo to Australia in 1814.[8]
Since the kauri gum was found to mix more easily with linseed oil, at lower temperatures, than other resins, by the 1890s, 70 percent of all oil varnishes made in England used kauri gum.[9] It was used to a limited extent in paints during the late 19th century, and from 1910 was used extensively in the manufacture of linoleum. From the 1930s, the market for gum dropped as synthetic alternatives were found, but there remained niche uses for the gum in jewellery and specialist high-grade varnish for violins.[9]
Kauri gum was Auckland's main export in the second half of the 19th century, sustaining much of the early growth of the city. Between 1850 and 1950, 450,000 tons of gum were exported.[10] The peak in the gum market was 1899, with 11,116 tons exported that year, with a value of £600,000 ($989,700).[8][11] The average annual export was over 5,000 tons, with the average price gained £63 ($103.91) per ton.[12]
The gum varied in color depending on the condition of the original tree. It also depended on where the gum had formed and how long it had been buried. Colors ranged from chalky-white, through red-brown to black; the most prized was a pale gold, as it was hard and translucent.[4][13] The size of each lump also varied greatly. Swamps tended to yield the small nuggets known as "chips", whereas the hillsides tended to produce larger lumps. The majority were the size of acorns, although some were found which weighed a few pounds; the largest (and rarest) were reported to weigh half a hundredweight.[14] Kauri gum shares a few characteristics with amber, another fossilised resin found in the Northern Hemisphere, but where amber can be dated as millions of years old, carbon-dating suggests the age of most kauri gum is a few thousand years.[7]
A very large grey tree in a jungle-like setting
Kauri tree in Waipoua Forest
Most of the gumfields were in Northland, Coromandel and Auckland, the site of the original kauri forests. Initially, the gum was readily accessible, commonly found lying on the ground. Captain Cook reported the presence of resinous lumps on the beach at Mercury Bay, Coromandel, in 1769, although he suspected it came from the mangroves, and missionary Samuel Marsden spoke of their presence in Northland in 1819.[13]
By 1850, most of the surface-lying gum had been picked up, and people began digging for it. The hillsides yielded shallow-buried gum (about 1 m), but in the swamps and beaches, it was buried much further down (4 m or below).[2]
Stone statue of a middle aged-man with a beard, a shovel, and some other similar instrument
Gum-digger statue at Dargaville
Gum-diggers were men and women who dug for kauri gum, a fossilised resin, in the old kauri fields of New Zealand at the end of the 19th and early 20th centuries. The gum was used mainly for varnish. The term may be a source for the nickname "Digger" given to New Zealand soldiers in World War I.[15] In 1898, a gum-digger described "the life of a gum-digger" as "wretched, and one of the last [occupations] a man would take to."[16]
Gum-diggers worked in the old kauri fields, most of which were then covered by swamp or scrub, digging for the gum. Much of the population was transient, moving from field to field, and they lived in rough huts or tents (which were called "whares", after the Maori for 'house'). It was extremely hard work and not very well paid, but it attracted many Maori and European settlers, including women and children.[17] There were many Dalmatians, who had first come to work the South Island goldfields in the 1860s.[18] They were transient workers, rather than settlers, and much of their income was sent out of the country, resulting in much resentment from the local workforce. In 1898, the "Kauri Gum Industry Act" was passed, which reserved gum-grounds for British subjects, and requiring all other diggers to be licensed. By 1910, only British subjects could hold gum-digging licences.[19]
Gum-digging was the major source of income for settlers in Northland, and farmers often worked the gumfields in the winter months to subsidise the poor income from their unbroken land. By the 1890s, 20,000 people were engaged in gum-digging, of which 7000 worked full-time.[20] Gum-digging was not restricted to settlers or workers in the rural areas; Auckland families would cross the Waitematā Harbour by ferry at weekends to dig in the fields around Birkenhead, causing damage to public roads and private farms, and leading to local council management of the problem.[21]
Large group of men filling a picture of a mining field.
Group of gum-diggers in gumfield (1908)
North Auckland Kauri Forest c1890 - c1910
Most gum was dug from the ground using gum-spears (pointed rods to probe for gum) and "skeltons", defined as blade-edged spades for cutting through old wood and roots as well as soil. Once the gum was retrieved it would need to be scraped and cleaned.[22]
Digging in swamps was more complicated; a longer spear (up to 8m) was often used, often fitted with a hooked end to scoop out the lumps. Scrub was often cleared first with fire; some got out of control and swamp fires could burn for weeks.[23] Holes were often dug by teams in both hills and swamps—often up to 12m deep—and some wetlands were drained to aid in the excavation of gum.[24] As field gum became scarce, "bush gum" was obtained by purposely cutting the bark of kauri trees and returning months later to retrieve the hardened resin. Due to the damage caused to the trees by the cutting the practice was banned in state forests in 1905.[22] Gum chips, small lumps useful for the manufacture of linoleum, were difficult to find, and by 1910, the process of washing and sieving to retrieve the chips became common. The process was later mechanised.[25]
Gum merchants[edit]
Gumdiggers generally sold their gum to local gumbuyers, who transported it to Auckland (generally by sea) for sale to merchants and exporters.[26] There were six major export firms in Auckland who dealt in gum, employing several hundred workers who graded and rescraped the gum for export, packing them in cases made from kauri timber.[27]
As early as the 1830s and 1840s, merchants, including Gilbert Mair and Logan Campbell, were buying gum from local Māori for £5 ($8.25) a ton, or trading it for goods.[8] The majority of the gum was exported to America and London (from whence it was distributed throughout Europe),


Friday the 13th
When is the next Friday the 13th?
The next Friday the 13th will occur in in 91 days
Find more in the calendar.
Be prepared!
Follow us on Facebook or Twitter and get an early warning when Friday the 13th is near.
Why is Friday the 13th considered unlucky?
The precise origin of the superstition surrounding this day is unknown.
The oldest evidence of Friday the 13th being considered unlucky dates back to the 19th century, but individually Friday and the number 13 have been associated with bad luck way before that.
How often is it Friday the 13th?
Friday the 13th occurs at least once every year. On average there are 212 days between each occurrence. The longest time between to consecutive occurrences is 14 months.
Don't worry
Everything will be fine … if you are lucky!


Learn facts about the Atheris Hispida, also known as the hairy or spiny bush viper!***See more on ATHERIS HISPIDA below***
Are you looking for information on the hairy bush viper (Atheris hispida)? Do you want to find out more about its specific features and habitat? How can you be sure to spot Atheris hispida when you see it?
Michael Rivera [CC BY-SA 4.0 (]
There are different types of bush vipers, and Atheris hispida is also one, but with its uniqueness. If you are interested in knowing about its behaviour, the way it looks, and some easy signs that can help you spot this particular type of snake, then this article can help.
Today we are taking a look at various details about Atheris hispida, such as its scientific and common names, its population, where it is found, and also some of its characteristics that you may find interesting. Also, read the signs that can help you spot it easily, even when you watch it on screen.
What is its scientific name?
Atheris hispida is a type of viper species that is extremely venomous. The scientific name of the hairy viper is Atheris Hispida.
By what other names is Atheris hispida also known?
This viper is also more commonly known by a few other names such as the following:
 - The spiny bush viper
 - The rough scaled tree viper
 - The blue bush viper
 - The African hairy viper
 - The rough scaled bush viper
 - The prickly bush viper
One interesting fact is that researchers who specifically work on this bush viper say that it is best to avoid the common name hairy viper while referring to Atheris hispida. This is because using this name can create confusion with another type of snake, which is known as the Atheris hirsuta.
Are there different types or species of Atheris hispida?
LA Dawson [CC BY 2.5 (]
As of yet, there are no known subspecies of Atheris hispida that are recognized.
How big or small is the current total population of Atheris hispida?
While the exact population status of Atheris hispida is not known, it does not fall under the conservation concern category.
Where are Atheris hispida typically found?
Atheris hispida typically live in the forest areas, where they use their scales to help them in climb up on the reeds and stalks. This viper likes to spend time on the top of the plants, and more preferably, in the flowers and the leaves of the plants.
 - The hairy African bush viper is specifically found regions of Central Africa such as the DR Congo, west Kenya and south-west Uganda.
 - To be more specific, Atheris hispida can be found in areas such as the Kivu and the Orientale Provinces in the DR Congo, the southeastern Ruwenzori region in Uganda and the Kakamega Forest located in western Kenya.
What does Atheris hispida look like?
 - This bush viper has a short snout on the head which is more pronounced in the males than in the females.
 - The head and neck of this viper are covered with some of the longest scales as compared to the rest of its body.
 - It has large eyes that are surrounded by about anything between 9 and 16 circumorbital scales. These are the scales that are present around the margins of the eyes.
 - There are about 7 to 9 scales that separate the eyes.
 - The nostril of Atheris hispida is shaped like a slit and is separated from the eyes with the help of 2 scales.
 - It has very heavily keeled and overlapping dorsal scales that cover its entire body.
 - As a result, Atheris hispida has a unique shaggy look to its skin and looks almost as if it is bristle.
Are there any distinct movements or features that sets Atheris hispida apart from other snakes?
 1. Atheris hispida makes a strong guttural kind of sound.
 2. Atheris hispida has large dark eyes.
 3. Atheris hispida has an extremely scaly body.
How can you tell for sure that a snake is, in fact, Atheris hispida?
Jgdb500 [CC BY-SA 4.0 (]
Here are a few physical signs that can make you identify this bush viper, also known as the Atheris Hispida.
These Vipers have…
 - Dark black and big eyes.
 - A head and entire body covered in scales that look as if they are standing up.
 - Bristle like texture on the skin.
 - Scales, especially on the head and neck, have a darkish colour towards the tip.
These Vipers also…
 - Prefer to stay on tree branches.
 - Are an arboreal and predatory animal that can quietly lie in wait for its prey for long.
While they are not becoming extinct, deforestation does pose a threat to their preferred living habitat. Also, the blue bush viper is extremely rare to find, as it is a rare variety of Atheris Hispida in itself.
Additional Research:


Elisa Lam Reddit Theory explained, Is she died from Tuberculosis in Netflix's Crime Scene: The Vanishing at the Cecil Hotel
Elima Lam mysterious death case is getting a lot of speculations everyday on social media platforms like she was having Tuberculosis, hallucinating, and even having bipolar disorder. Nobody knows how the 21-year-old Canadian tourist die in the Cecil hotel. What happened to her before getting into the 1000 gallon water tank? Let's find out the reddit TB theory.
Elisa Lam Reddit Theory Explained
Elisa Lam reddit theory suggests that she was a test subject for testing some new Tuberculosis medications because in the 2013 there was a TB outbreak in downtown Los Angeles's Skid Row especially homeless peoples. Also, she go through LAM-ELISA to test for the fatal disease but during her autopsy report nothing was clear if she had TB or not.
Elisa Lam mysterious murder photo
However, this theory also puts light on the fact that the bizarre behavior of Elisa was a side-effect of taking anti-TB medication. Some theorists also suggest in Netflix documentary, Crime Scene: The Vanishing at the Cecil Hotel that she was fatally silenced because she knew too much at the popular TB Research center of Canada.
Does she died from Tuberculosis?
No! Elisa Lam's autopsy report revealed that she was not having Tuberculosis at the time of her death. Instead, the report determined that she died of accidental drowning but nobody knows how she got herself into the drowning scene. So, how did Elisa Lam die and who found her body in the tank?
What is an ELISA-LAM Test?
The LAM-ELISA test stands for Lipoarabinomannan (LAM) Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). It is used to detect Tuberculosis in children and was carried out in February 2013 while looking for 4,500 carriers of the deadly disease.
Where is Elisa Lam family now?
Elisa Lam's family include her father David Lam, mother Yinna Lam, and her sister Sarah. She was living happily with her family in Vancouver, British Columbia before planning a solo trip to American West Coast and ended up to Los Angeles in the late January 2013.
ELisa Lam death
She was calling home everyday since she reached at the Cecil hotel. But one day, she neither accepted nor rejected a call from her home. This was the day she went missing and parents were unaware of the reason and without wasting time parents reported her missing to the authorities.
On February 2019, her body was found in hotel's water tank on roof and the autopsy report suggested the cause of her death was accidental drowning with bipolar disorder involvement. Then, her family filed a lawsuit on the hotel but that was a tragedy so LA Supreme Court dismissed the case. Today, the family prefers to stay away from the spotlight and no information about their location is revealed in the public.
What do you think about Elisa Lam Reddit Theory, is it correct or not?
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text:
To carry out this activity we will take Spain as an example. According to the Soil Taxonomy Classification established by the US Soil survey staff, we can find 4 types of soil orders in Spain.
We will use a map where we appreciate these different types of soil orders but the only information that we have in the Attributes table is their names. Therefore we are going to join information so that we can also find the description of each type of soil in the attributes table.
We need to do a Table "Join" to do so. To link the Excel table to the attributes table we need a column indicating the name of the types of soil orders and another column with the information that we are interested in including. In this case, with the soil orders characteristics.
Right click the layer in ArcGIS and choose "Join and Relates" > "Join".
In the dialog box fill in the fields as follows:
- What do you want to join to this layer?: select "Joins attributes from a table" (this is important because choosing the other option will generate a completely different table).
- Field number "1": Select the field form the attributes table that we will use as join, this is, the filed that ArcGIS will join to the Excel table.
- Field number "2": Select the table to join to this layer, in this case the Excel Sheet 1.
- Field number "3": Choose the column in which the join will be based.
Both columns are named "soil_orders" (in the Attributes Table) and "types of soil order" (in the Excel table).
- "Join options" is to decide if we want to keep all records (maintaining all attributes including those that do not share the common field with the table, appearing the word "Null" instead) or just the matching ones between tables (it will only keep those records with a matching record, erasing the ones that don't).
For this example it doesn't really matter as in the Excel table we only have records that are matching.
The resulting table will be an attributes table joined to the Excel table and it will look like this:
In case we have made a mistake or we are not interested anymore we can remove the join by right clicking on the layer and choosing Join and Relates > Remove Join(s) > Remove All Joins.
We can carry out several joins as long as the join is not using the same attributes field (column).
Quality training taught by professionals


Why Is My Cat Panting?
What does it mean if my cat is panting?
A cat's normal breathing rhythm should be smooth and unlaboured. Panting is usually a sign that something isn't right with your cat. Cats only breathe hard with their mouths open when they are very stressed, extremely hot, or a disease process is occurring.
There are plenty of senior cat conditions that could bring on a sudden bout of laborious panting.
But panting isn't confined to old age. According to Dr Catheryn Walsh from Greencross Vets Robina Village, serious medical conditions that can bring on panting include heart failure, asthma, cancer, fluid build-up in and around the lungs, bronchitis, pneumonia, or a tumour.
Regardless of the cause, if your cat is panting, it's important you visit your local Greencross Vets immediately. Tests may include blood evaluation to check for heartworm, infections, anaemia and diabetes. A chest ultrasound or X-rays may be carried out to check for fluid around the heart and lungs.
In the meantime…
There isn't a whole lot you can do at home for a panting cat, although Dr Walsh recommends the following quick tips while preparing to go to the vet.
 - keep both the cat and yourself calm
 - if you think your cat has overheated, moisten the feet and ears with a cool, wet towel
 - do not give your cat any food or water by mouth
Always consult your local Greencross Vets if you are worried about symptoms in your pet.
Your nearest clinic: Undefined


text: The Marine and Environmental Science Camp held its first annual recycle regatta. After learning about buoyancy and ship design, the campers made sailboats out of recycled material. They were given a number of materials to choose from, including: aluminum cans, plastic milk jugs, newspaper, egg cartons, paper towel rolls, tin foil, juice boxes, glass bottles, cardboard boxes, and much more. After construction, the marine and environmental science campers were able to race their sailboats in the FIT fluid mechanics wave tank. Campers designed many types of boats and had lots of fun in the process!


2020 - table - MDF ITALIA
« Une ellipse à deux foyers, une table à deux pieds » Jean Nouvel
This table is built around simple geometrical shapes: a round base cylinder for the round table, and an oval base cylinder for the oval table.
Returning to the principle of the trilith, the volume of the bases is divided into two distinct parts and emphasizes the constructive force linking the three elements.
The result is a central base consisting of two legs, tapered upwards to minimize the area of intersection between the legs and the top. The structural limit point is thus reached, while allowing for a significant overhang.
In addition, this division into two parts simplifies assembly and facilitates handling.
Product details


Sun Java System Web Server 7.0 Update 4 NSAPI Developer's Guide
Installing the AddLog() Example
To load the shared object containing your functions, add the following directive in the Init section of the magnus.conf file:
Init fn=load-modules
To call brief-init to open the log file, add the following code to the Init section in magnus.conf. This line must come after the one that loads the library containing brief-init.
Init fn=brief-init
AddLog fn=brief-log
The source code for this example is in addlog.c file in the install-dir/samples/nsapi directory.


Canopy Layer
Canopy Layer
The Canopy Layer is the second highest layer of the rainforest.
This is where most of the trees grow to, at around 30-45 metres high.
As most trees grow to this height in the rainforest, the leaves tend to overlap each other and the branches tend to wind around each other.
As the leaves of the trees in the Canopy Layer are so thick and big, and overlap each other so much, they block a lot of sunlight going down below.
However, these trees themselves get lots of sunlight.
This layer sees lots of fruit and nuts growing on them, which means lots of rainforest animals live her.
Image result for canopy layer rainforest


Incinerator bottom ash (IBA) crushing using EPF
In previous posts we discussed how electric pulse fragmentation works and why it has selective properties. This information provides a grounding to understand how these properties of electric pulse fragmentation can provide advantages in a variety of processing environments. This post focuses on the advantages of treating incinerator bottom ash (IBA) with electric pulses.
IBA is the by-product of municipal waste incineration – or the burning of household refuse. Anything that cannot be burned will become part of the incinerator residue, IBA is essentially a solid fused mass, similar to a rock, containing the burned remnants of whatever was in the incinerated waste such as metals, stone, glass, and ceramics, etc.
In some cases IBA can be used for construction, for example in breeze/cinder blocks, or as infill in road or pipe bedding. Depending on local laws, the IBA (and metals within) can be put back into the ground, however in places with stricter environmental legislation such as Switzerland, this contaminated material cannot be used in construction, and there are penalties to landfilling metal bearing waste.
Top: Ferrous; Middle: non-ferrous; Bottom: glass and ceramic phases after EPF treatment and sorting of IBA.
The goal is to recover as much metal and other raw materials as possible from IBA. Traditional crushing reduces all of the IBA to the liberation size of the smallest metals allowing their recovery. This gives excellent recovery of metal, however the 'mineral' fraction of the IBA, the more rock like parts such as the fused slag and brick, ceramics, glass, etc, are now also crushed and are unable to be recycled, meaning more material must be landfilled or otherwise put back into the ground.
This problem requires disaggregation of the IBA without significant crushing of the material: We want to recover the metal while leaving the slag, glass and other phases as large as possible for later re-use. That's were EPF comes in.
The discharge is preferentially attracted to areas with high permitivity contrast (PC), for example, a gold nugget within a rock, or a piece of metal within IBA. In this instance, the discharge will travel through the material (Situation I, below). The converse is also true and if the highest permitivity contrast is between the target particle and the surrounding water, the discharge will travel around the particle at the particle-water contact instead of through it, causing minimal breakage (Situation II & III).
Three Situations in which particles of varying composition are treated with electric discharges. From Weh and Mosadegghi (2016).
Particles with metal are broken more than those without metal: IBA particles containing metal will preferentially have internal discharges, and be broken more, liberating the contained metals, while more homogeneous IBA particles and those without metals will have the discharge travel around the particle and experience only minimal or 'surface' breakage.
The end result is that in addition to liberating metals, the glass, ceramic and particles without metals remain larger, more intact, and potentially recycleable, creating an additional stream of decontaminated inert material that can be recycled or reused as a construction aggregate, without putting more metal into the ground.
At our plants, we produce four product streams: ferrous, non ferrous, inert and slag, and we recover down to 2mm and below in each of these streams. All but the slag can be recycled in Switzerland, and we roughly half the amount of material that must go to landfill. We're proud of our achievements and are doing our part for the environment.
Further reading:
Article – Pre-concentration of copper ores by high voltage pulses.
Article – Breakage characteristics of incinerator bottom ash in the HV pulse power process
Article – Electrical breakdown channel locality in high voltage pulse breakage
Produced by Lightning Machines, Images by Alexander Weh.


Quick Answer: Is It Correct To Be More Busy?
Is Unbusy a word?
Yes, unbusy is in the scrabble dictionary..
What is the superlative of beautiful?
beautiful (comparative more beautiful, superlative most beautiful)
Why is more better wrong?
"More" implies a higher level of "good." Therefore, "more better" would imply a level that is better than better. "More better" is never correct. If you want to say that something is better than good, you say it is "better," but if you want to say it is more than better, you say that it is "best."
What is the meaning of busy?
Adjective. busy, industrious, diligent, assiduous, sedulous mean actively engaged or occupied. busy chiefly stresses activity as opposed to idleness or leisure. too busy to spend time with the children industrious implies characteristic or habitual devotion to work.
What is the meaning of less?
1 : constituting a more limited number or amount less than three less than half done. 2 : of lower rank, degree, or importance no less a person than the president himself. 3a : of reduced size, extent, or degree. b : more limited in quantity in less time.
What's another word for busy?
What is the degree of busy?
busier. Superlative. busiest. The superlative form of busy; most busy.
Is busy an abstract noun?
Answer and Explanation: Busy is not an abstract noun. Instead, busy is an adjective.
What is the meaning of less busy?
1. not busy; idle; unoccupied. It's his task to keep from being unbusy.
What is the superlative form of busy?
busierTwo syllablesAdjectiveComparativeSuperlativesimplesimplersimplestbusybusierbusiesttiltedmore tiltedmost tiltedtangledmore tangledmost tangled1 more row
What is the superlative of wise?
EnchantedLearning.com GrammarCaseAdjectiveSuperlative Form1-syllable adjectives ending in "e"hugehugestlargelargeststrangestrangestwisewisest45 more rows
Is it correct to say how is you?
The pronoun YOU always takes a plural verb, even when it refers to only one person. So we always say "How are you?" never "How is you?"
Can you say more good?
You can do more good. However if you are using it as an adjective (e.g. "my work is good") then if you improved your work, you would say "my work is better", not "my work is more good."
What is another word for not busy?
Do you say more busy or busier?
"Busier" is a comparative: more busy than something else. You could be busier than another person, or busier than you were yesterday, etc. "Very busy" is an absolute.
What is the comparative of busy?
busierTwo syllablesAdjectiveComparativeSuperlativehappyhappierhappiestsimplesimplersimplestbusybusierbusiesttiltedmore tiltedmost tilted1 more row
Is more good grammatically correct?
"better" is a comparative form of "good", so you do not need to (and should not) say "more better": say either: It is better than your book. It is far better than your book. Using "more better" is against normal grammar, and if it is used it is uneducated and substandard.


The Sink Thing
The Sink Thing is a short film that combines both stop motion and cel animation about the mysterious creature known as the Fatberg, which was born from an unfortunate incident. The short film aims to raise awareness and educate the public to not dispose liquid food waste by pouring it down the sink. The film is still to be completed, but here are selected works from our work in progress!
Fatberg is a buildup of FOGs (fat, oil, and grease) and non-biodegradable matter that end up down the drain and eventually block up the sewage system. This causes multiple problems from household spillage, environmental damage, to diseases. While most people know not to flush trash down the toilet and pour liquid kitchen waste down the sink, we all still do it anyway. What can we do about it?
For this brief, students pair up into a group of 4-5. Each group must find a way to tackle an issue from a list of topics and come up with a design solution that is built up from research. Students must then do a proposal presentation and pitch their solutions based on findings. The following term, students begin making collaterals based on respective proposals, aiming for a minimum viable product. Finally, the MVPs are then presented to a panel.
storyboard sketch.jpg
Raw stop motion footage done in a verrry tight budget. We used a mix of puppeting with fishing line and blue tac to secure the props onto surfaces.
Rough cel animations over stop motion footage. We use facial libraries to help make the animation process quicker.
Team T.R.A.S.H.
Style frames
Stop motion animation
Cel animation
After Effects cleanup
Logo design
Juvensco - Technical director
Vania Chandrawidjaja - Art director
William Kusuma - Animation director
Tallen Borucki - Graphic designer


text: ||Surface-constrained motion, i.e., motion constraint by a rigid surface, is commonly found in daily activities. The current work investigates the choice of hand paths constrained to a concave hemispherical surface. To gain insight regarding the paths and their relationship with task dynamics, we simulated various control policies. The simulations demonstrated that following a geodesic path is advantageous not only in terms of path length, but also in terms of motor planning and sensitivity to motor command errors. These stem from the fact that the applied forces lie in a single plane (that of the geodesic path itself). To test whether human subjects indeed follow the geodesic, and to see how such motion compares to other paths, we recorded movements in a virtual haptic-visual environment from eleven healthy subjects. The task was comprised of point-to-point motion between targets at two elevations (30 degrees and 60 degrees ). Three typical choices of paths were observed from a frontal plane projection of the paths: circular arcs, straight lines, and arcs close to the geodesic path for each elevation. Based on the measured hand paths, we applied k-means blind separation to divide the subjects into three groups and compared performance indicators. The analysis confirmed that subjects who followed paths closest to the geodesic produced faster and smoother movements, compared to the others. The 'better' performance reflects the dynamical advantages of following the geodesic path, as shown by the simulations, and may also reflect invariant features of the control policies used to produce such a surface-constrained motion.


RANK functions
Ranking is data transformation in which values are replaced by their rank when the data is sorted. For any two items, the first is either ranked higher than ranked lower than ranked equal to the second. Values can be ranked from the smallest, or from the largest. Ordinal ranking presumes that all items will receive distinct ordinal numbers, including items that compare equal. Distinct ordinal numbers for items that are equal can be assigned arbitrarily, but it is also


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I have a generic N-ary expression tree and I want to convert the same to a binary tree. Is there any well defined algorithms to do the same?
I tried going thro' different algorithms of converting N-ary tree to expression tree like _URL_ but thats not going to work, as they don't worry about precedence and all.
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Can you expand on your requirements for the binary tree, vs the nary tree? Anything specific... or is your only requirement that children of a node, are simply still descendants of the same node? – ChrisCM Jun 4 '13 at 13:52
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1 Answer
Simple answer.
Step 1: Convert N-ary expression tree with different levels of precedence into an N-ary tree where each node has only a single level of precedence.
Step 2: Convert that tree into a binary tree.
If you're seeking a straightforward solution rather than an efficient one, it may be easy to explode each node into levels matching your precedence, then after you have a binary tree collapse out the obviously useless nodes. If you want a more efficient solution, then you'll want to be more cautious in the initial expansion.
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text:
An orange day. A black day. A blue day. These are some of the colors the hero of this Dr. Seuss poetry program goes through, as the young boy and his dog experience the changing colors of moods. The Minnesota Orchestra provides the music that goes with these moods. Set to state-of-the-art animation, the orchestral arrangements perfectly reflect the changing colors and shapes that represent the changes people go through as they face the ups and downs of life. Narrated by Holly Hunter, the educational program is aimed at sensitizing children to their emotional lives and how music and color can affect them.
by Rose of Sharon Winter synopsis


text:
Background: Isolated populations are a useful resource for mapping complex traits due to shared stable environment, reduced genetic complexity and extended Linkage Disequilibrium (LD) compared to the general population. Here we describe a large genetic isolate from the North West Apennines, the mountain range that runs through Italy from the North West Alps to the South.
Methodology/principal findings: The study involved 1,803 people living in 7 villages of the upper Borbera Valley. For this large population cohort, data from genealogy reconstruction, medical questionnaires, blood, anthropometric and bone status QUS parameters were evaluated. Demographic and epidemiological analyses indicated a substantial genetic component contributing to each trait variation as well as overlapping genetic determinants and family clustering for some traits.
Conclusions/significance: The data provide evidence for significant heritability of medical relevant traits that will be important in mapping quantitative traits. We suggest that this population isolate is suitable to identify rare variants associated with complex phenotypes that may be difficult to study in larger but more heterogeneous populations.


How Trombone is Similar to Electric Guitar
When comparing the two instruments side by side, it's hard to see any similarities, but brass and wood have more in common than you think. They don't look the same, are made out of completely different materials, and aren't played in nearly the same way.
But look again. Mark Mullins, of New Orleans, Louisiana, electric trombonist and lead vocalist in brass-fronted rock band Bonerama (, plays anything from "Helter Skelter" by The Beatles to "When the Levee Breaks" by Led Zeppelin. While typically thought of as guitar songs, Mullins was drawn to the sound and worked hard on translating classic rock riffs to his trombone.
electric trombone
While transcribing guitar music on the trombone, Mullins was pleased to find that the differences in the two instruments are only skin deep–frets and strings have more in common with breath and slides than you might think.
Slide and Frets
A trombone slide has seven positions that are similar to the frets on a guitar. "Each position on a trombone is a half step, just like traveling down the fret board," Mullins says. "It's easiest to think of it like a fretless instrument."
Screaming Rock Sounds
Of course, the other similarity between a distorted rock guitar and a trombone is that throaty, dark sound, which can be made even dirtier with stomp boxes. Mullins runs his trombone signal through a wah-wah pedal, harmonizer, and distortion pedal, and then into a guitar amplifier for a real guitar god sound.
Lips and Strings
For every fret on a guitar, there are six different notes you can play just by changing strings. Similarly, you can get several different notes for each slide position by changing the air flow. "The strings are invisible on the trombone, because the strings are similar to the size of the air opening of your lips," Mullins explains. "Make a smaller hole, and jump to another string. It's really very similar."
Thriving on a Riff
The similarities mean that riff-based rock music is very accessible on a trombone, as well as special effects and techniques. "The ability to bend notes with the slide in a subtle way is like the way a guitar player would pull on a string," says Mullins. "All of these things together contribute to the ability for riff-based guitar music to translate seamlessly to the trombone."
This article is from our November-December 2010 issue. Click to order!
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text:
Sheheke's Wife, Yellow Corn
Sheheke's Wife, Yellow Corn (1807)1
by Charles Balthazar Julien Fevret de Saint Memin
Pencil and charcoal on paper; 21-1/4 by 15-1/4 inches.
According to an observer at a New Year's Day celebration at Washington City in 1807, Yellow Corn had "pretty features, a pale yellowish hue, bunches of ear-rings, and her hair divided in the middle, a red line running right across from the back part of the forehead."2
1. The artist himself erroneously labeled the portrait, at the left edge, jeune indienne des iowas du missoury--"Indian girl of the Iowas of the Missouri." Ellen G. Miles, Saint-Memin and the Neoclassical Profile Portrait in America (Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1994), 434–35.
2. Ibid., p. 146.


text:
MITCalc - Plates 1.10
This calculation deals with the deflection, stress and variation of forces in the loaded flat plates. The calculation is
designed for plates that are flat, homogeneous, with the same thickness and made from one material. The plates
may be circular, annular circular and rectangular. The plates may be loaded evenly (unevenly) on the whole surface
(or its part) or they may be loaded by the force distributed on the circle.
plate, plates, circular plate, annular circular plate, rectangular plate, loading, distributed loading, deflection, slope, moment and stress,


WPF PerspectiveCamera LookDirection
I have been converting a bunch of demos to the November CTP of WPF and I came upon an interesting problem. The LookAtPoint property of PerspectiveCamera was changed to LookDirection. So I happily renamed it, compiled and ran, but nothing appeared inside of the Viewport3D. I asked Tim Sneath if there was anything that might cause this. He pointed out that LookDirection is a Vector3D instead of a Point3D. My LookDirection was set to (0,0,0). This worked great for LookAtPoint because (0,0,0) is a valid 3D point to look at, but (0,0,0) doesn't work for LookDirection.
When I asked Jordan Parker of the WPF team for an explanation of what was happening he explained that the definition of LookDirection is LookAtPoint – Position. You will end up with a zero length vector if LookAtPoint = Poisiton. A zero vector is not a viable direction. Ok so that explains why I don't see anything, now how do I fix it?
This diagram shows how cameras worked with LookAtPoint and how they work with LookDirection. I have done this in 2D to make explanation easier. On the left I have two cameras marked with blue arrows. They both have a LookAtPoint set to (1,1) so regardless of what there position is they will look at the green dot. On the right I have two cameras marked with red arrows showing how things LookDirectionwork with LookDirection. The red camera in the lower left at position (-2,-2) is pointing at the green dot because it's LookDirection is set to (1,1), but the other red camera at position (2,2) is not facing the green dot because it too has a LookDirection set to (1,1). Note that the reason that the camera a position (2,2) can't see the green dot is because of the direction it's facing. To get the red camera at position (2,2) to look towards the green dot we would need to set the LookDirection to (-1,-1), which would cause the camera to face directly towards the green dot, because of the camera's position. Something to note here is that a camera doesn't actually look at a single point it looks at all the points in the direction it's facing. Also the LookDirection is normalized so there is no difference between setting the LookDirection to (1,1) or (100,100), they would both result in the camera facing in the same direction.
In the demo I am porting the camera is looking at a box and rotating the camera around the box. I could just rotate the box. Instead I used Jordan's definition of LookDirection and subtracted the position I wanted to look at from the camera position. This gives me the direction I should apply to LookDirection. If I wanted to look at (0,0,0) I would do something like the following every time I updated my camera position.
PerspectiveCamera pc = (PerspectiveCamera)this.Camera;
Point3D objectPosition = new Point3D(0,0,0);
pc.LookDirection = new Vector3D(objectPosition.X – pc.Position.X, objectPosition.Y – pc.Position.Y, objectPosition.Z – pc.Position.Z);


text:
- owe (v.)
- Old English agan (past tense ahte) "to have, own," from Proto-Germanic *aiganan "to possess" (cf. Old Frisian aga, Old Norse eiga, Old High German eigan, Gothic aigan "to possess, have"), from PIE *aik- "to be master of, possess" (cf. Sanskrit ise "he owns," isah "owner, lord, ruler;" Avestan is- "riches," isvan- "well-off, rich").
Sense of "to have to repay" began in late Old English with the phrase agan to geldanne literally "to own to yield," which was used to translate Latin debere (earlier in Old English this would have been sceal "shall"); by late 12c. the phrase had been shortened to simply agan, and own (v.) took over this word's original sense.
An original Germanic preterite-present verb (cf. can, dare, may, etc.). New past tense form owed arose 15c. to replace oughte, which developed into ought (v.).


text:
Objective: The present study aimed to explore client-therapist congruence in helpfulness evaluations session-by-session and its association with therapy outcomes. As suggested by West and Kenny's truth and bias model, we constructed congruence as both temporal congruence (i.e., the correlation between therapists' and clients' helpfulness judgments over time) and directional discrepancy (i.e., the average difference between therapists' and clients' helpfulness judgments). Method: Seventy-eight clients were treated by 22 experienced therapists within a 12-session course of integrative psychotherapy. At the end of each session, clients and therapists rated their perceptions of session helpfulness and, at the beginning of the next session, clients rated their own psychological functioning. Results: Therapists' and clients' helpfulness judgments were temporally congruent across treatment, and therapists' judgments were lower than those of their clients. Moreover, we found that therapists' negative directional discrepancy, but not temporal congruence, was associated with improvement in clients' psychological functioning as well as with clients' global treatment evaluations. Conclusion: Our results highlight the importance of therapists' vigilant assessment of session helpfulness in a course of brief integrative psychotherapy. As such, they strengthen the importance of further research regarding client-therapist congruence (in different aspects of the therapeutic process) and its association with therapy outcomes. Clinical or methodological significance of this article In this study, we found that therapists' tendency to provide lower session-helpfulness assessments than did their clients was associated with better therapeutic outcomes. These results may highlight the importance of therapists' cautious and humble stance when assessing their perception of session helpfulness across treatment.
- process-outcome research
- truth and bias model


HyunWook Park
I have 'a' stomachache or I have stomachache? Is 'a' necessary before stomachache or headache? If yes, why is it necessary? stomachache is not countable, is it? Thanks a lot for your help in advance! Hyunwook
Jul 3, 2015 8:37 PM
Answers · 7
it is necessary to use the article -- "stomachache" is countable in English. Note that, for medical reasons, it's only possible to have one stomach ache at a time for one person.
July 3, 2015
It isn't strictly necessary. You can say it with or without the 'a'.
July 3, 2015
Stomachache, like headache, is a countable noun in American English. In American English we almost always use a determiner (article, demonstrative pronoun, possessive pronoun) before count nouns such as these two words. And also before 'upset stomach', which is also commonly used. There is also 'bellyache', but this is informal. In fact, 'bellyache' can be used as a verb, meaning 'to complain.' This is also informal. In British English, it is spelled'stomach ache' and is a mass noun.
July 4, 2015
Still haven't found your answers?
Write down your questions and let the native speakers help you!
HyunWook Park
Language Skills
Japanese, Korean
Learning Language


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The earliest known photo showing the noxious weed Asparagus fern growing on Lord Howe Island in 1923.
Recent visitor Ian Hutton, Curator from the Lord Howe Island Museum, was pleased to find this photograph showing Asparagus fern growing on the island in 1923. Anecdotally, it had previously been thought that the fern came to the island much later, brought to the island in a bridal bouquet in the 1930s. Declared a noxious weed, the fine-leafed fern is a prime target for the weed eradication programs Friends of Lord Howe Island have run regularly on the island since 1995.
The 1923 photograph was taken by Museum scientist and talented amateur photographer Anthony Musgrave in a year in which (according to the Annual Report for the year) 'On account of a shortage of funds no extended field work has been attempted this year'. Instead, Musgrave and another dedicated young scientist from the Museum, Gilbert Whitley, took a self-funded 'holiday' to Lord Howe Island to collect insects and spiders which they then presented to the Museum.


Potential Quotes - Page : 4
- Visit Dr. Mardy's iWise Blog | World Space Week Quotes
Tweet : Yes | No
Tweet : Yes | No
 Show any quote mentioning the word : Potential
Potential :
 Currently unfulfilled capacity to improve, develop, and achieve impressive feats.
 Anything that may be possible; a possibility; potentiality.
 (physics) In the theory of gravitation, or of other forces acting in space, a function of the rectangular coordinates which determine the position of a point, such that its differential coefficients with respect to the coordinates are equal to the components of the force at the point considered; -- also called Potential function, or force function.
 It is called also Newtonian Potential when the force is directed to a fixed center and is inversely as the square of the distance from the center.
View Potential Map


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Looking for a way to collectively support education? Look no further! The Collective Education Fund is the answer you've been searching for. This innovative solution allows individuals to contribute towards creating opportunities for quality education for all. By pooling resources together, we can make a significant impact on the lives of students, teachers, and communities. With the Collective Education Fund, you become part of a movement that believes in the power of education to transform lives. Join us as we work towards a brighter future for all through the collective power of funding education.
Collective Education Fund: Empowering Communities Through Collaborative Learning
Education is a powerful tool that has the ability to transform lives and communities. However, access to quality education can be limited by various barriers such as financial constraints, lack of resources, and limited opportunities. This is where a collective education fund comes into play, offering a unique solution to address these challenges and empower individuals and communities through collaborative learning.
What is a Collective Education Fund?
A collective education fund is a collaborative approach to financing education, where a group of individuals or organizations contribute resources towards a shared fund. This fund is then used to provide educational opportunities, scholarships, learning materials, and support programs for individuals or communities in need. The collective effort enables access to education for those who may not have the means to pursue it otherwise.
The concept of collective education funds is rooted in the belief that education is a fundamental right and should not be limited by financial constraints. By pooling resources together, communities can create a sustainable and inclusive approach to education, ensuring that no one is left behind.
Benefits of a Collective Education Fund
A collective education fund offers a range of benefits that extend beyond just financial support. Here are some key advantages:
- Increased access to education: Collective education funds help remove financial barriers, allowing individuals from disadvantaged backgrounds to access quality education.
- Empowerment of communities: By involving the community in the education process, collective funds empower individuals and communities to take ownership of their learning and future.
- Networking and collaboration: Collective education funds encourage collaboration and networking among stakeholders, fostering a sense of community and shared responsibility.
- Diversification of resources: By pooling resources together, a collective education fund can leverage various funding sources, creating a more stable and diverse financial base.
- Long-term sustainability: Collective education funds focus on long-term impact, ensuring sustained support and educational opportunities for generations to come.
How Does a Collective Education Fund Work?
The functioning of a collective education fund involves a well-defined process to ensure transparency, accountability, and effective utilization of resources. Here's a step-by-step guide on how a collective education fund typically operates:
- Establishment and Governance: A group of individuals or organizations come together to establish the collective education fund, defining its mission, goals, and governance structure.
- Resource Mobilization: The fund seeks contributions from donors, individuals, corporations, and other organizations. This can be through financial contributions, in-kind donations, or volunteering services.
- Needs Assessment: The collective education fund assesses the educational needs and priorities of the target communities or individuals to determine the areas requiring support.
- Program Implementation: Based on the needs assessment, the fund designs and implements educational programs, scholarships, or other support initiatives. This can include funding school infrastructure, teacher training, scholarships, or providing educational resources.
- Monitoring and Evaluation: The collective education fund establishes mechanisms to monitor the impact and effectiveness of its programs, ensuring that resources are utilized optimally and producing the desired outcomes.
- Transparency and Reporting: The fund maintains transparency by regularly reporting the progress, financial statements, impact assessment, and any other relevant information to its stakeholders.
- Continuous Engagement: The collective education fund actively engages with the community and stakeholders to ensure ongoing collaboration and support, fostering a sense of shared responsibility.
Examples of Collective Education Funds
Collective education funds have been successfully implemented in various countries and communities, making a significant impact on education accessibility and quality. Here are a few notable examples:
|Community Education Fund
|Scholarships for underprivileged students
|Girls' Education Fund
|Supporting girls' education and empowerment
|Rural Education Collective
|Improving educational opportunities in rural areas
Getting Involved in a Collective Education Fund
If you're passionate about education and want to contribute to a collective education fund, there are several ways to get involved:
- Financial Contributions: You can make monetary donations to the fund, either as one-time contributions or regular contributions to support its ongoing programs.
- In-Kind Donations: Donate educational resources, books, technology, or other materials that can support the education initiatives of the fund.
- Volunteering: Offer your time and skills by volunteering with the fund or participating in its activities and projects.
- Advocacy and Awareness: Raise awareness about the importance of collective education funds, advocate for inclusive education, and encourage others to support such initiatives.
Remember, every contribution, no matter how small, can make a difference in empowering individuals and communities through education.
Challenges and Solutions
While collective education funds present a promising approach to address the educational gaps, they also face certain challenges. Here are a few common challenges and potential solutions:
- Limited Funding: It can be challenging to secure adequate funding to meet all the education needs. Solutions include diversifying funding sources, seeking partnerships with organizations, or engaging in fundraising campaigns.
- Sustainability: Ensuring the long-term sustainability of the fund requires continuous engagement with stakeholders, building strong networks, and developing self-sustaining programs.
- Monitoring and Evaluation: Establishing robust monitoring and evaluation systems is crucial to measure the impact of the fund's programs and make informed decisions about resource allocation.
- Equitable Distribution: Ensuring that education opportunities are distributed equitably among different communities or individuals requires careful needs assessment, prioritization, and targeted interventions.
By addressing these challenges proactively, collective education funds can maximize their impact and contribute to a more equitable and inclusive education system.
The power of collective education funds lies in their ability to bring together diverse stakeholders, leverage resources, and empower individuals and communities through collaborative learning. As we continue to strive for equal access to education globally, collective education funds offer a promising solution that can transform lives and create a brighter future for all.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is a collective education fund?
A collective education fund is a pooled investment vehicle created to fund educational initiatives and programs. It allows individuals or organizations to contribute money towards a common goal of promoting education, which can range from providing scholarships to supporting educational institutions and projects.
How does a collective education fund work?
A collective education fund works by gathering contributions from multiple individuals or entities and then using these funds to support various educational initiatives. The contributions are typically invested or managed by a fund manager, who makes decisions on how the funds are allocated to different projects based on the fund's objectives and criteria.
What are the benefits of contributing to a collective education fund?
Contributing to a collective education fund allows individuals and organizations to have a greater impact in promoting education compared to individual efforts. By pooling resources, the fund can support larger-scale projects, reach more beneficiaries, and create sustainable educational programs. Additionally, contributors may also benefit from tax incentives or other financial advantages depending on the jurisdiction and nature of the fund.
Who can contribute to a collective education fund?
Contributions to a collective education fund can be made by individuals, corporations, educational institutions, foundations, or any other entities interested in supporting educational initiatives. The eligibility to contribute may depend on the specific requirements and guidelines set by the fund, which can vary from fund to fund.
How can I find a collective education fund to contribute to?
To find a collective education fund to contribute to, you can start by researching educational foundations, non-profit organizations, or educational institutions in your area. They often have collective education funds or can provide information about existing funds that align with your educational interests. Online platforms and directories dedicated to philanthropic initiatives can also be helpful resources in finding collective education funds.
What is the long-term impact of collective education funds?
Collective education funds have the potential to create lasting change in the field of education. By providing sustained financial support to educational initiatives, they can improve access to education, enhance the quality of learning environments, empower marginalized communities, and ultimately contribute to the development of societies and economies. Continued contributions and effective management of collective education funds are vital to ensure their long-term impact.
The collective education fund is an effective solution for addressing the financial challenges faced by students. By pooling resources together, individuals and organizations can contribute to this fund and support the educational aspirations of deserving students. With this fund, educational opportunities can be made more accessible and affordable, empowering students to pursue their dreams without the burden of excessive debt. Through the collective education fund, communities can come together to invest in the future generations and ensure equitable access to quality education for all. Joining forces through this fund, we can make a significant impact in shaping a better tomorrow.


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The Endangered Aisle
Client: The Fairtrade Foundation
Farming is becoming a more unstable profession due to rising costs, volatile coffee prices and deepening climate crisis. We undertook research to understand the size of the issue - a Commodities Vulnerability Assessment and UK consumer research. Both highlighted the items at risk of becoming 'endangered' – coffee, cocoa, bananas – and the impact this may have. We needed to show the problem alongside the solution which is how The Endangered Aisle was born. A pop-up retail concept highlighting the urgent need to protect our favourite foods from climate change and give a fair deal to farmers. Stark empty shelves showcased a look into the future if we don't act now with signage confirming 'everything must NOT go'. The other side of the aisle showed the solution; shelves filled full of possibilities from coffee to peanut butter and kombucha. The immersive event brought retailers together to showcase the diverse range of Fairtrade products on the market and reiterate that together, we can make a difference. Our campaign reached almost a fifth of the UK population (17%) and as a result of seeing the campaign video, 73% believe that choosing Fairtrade products can help protect the future of our food. 69% of people who came across the campaign would definitely or be more likely to switch to Fairtrade products in the future.


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A Discourse Analysis of Chinese Disagreement Management Strategies in Business Negotiation Settings [electronic resource]
Abstract (Summary)This dissertation investigates strategies of native Mandarin Chinese speakers in disagreement management at business negotiation settings by examining linguistic and non-linguistic resources recurrently utilized by the participants in this study. A principal concern is how cultural and contextual factors contribute to the formation and interpretation of the strategies.The present study is intended to provide Western audiences with practical information about Chinese tactics in their disagreement management particularly at business settings. The ultimate goal of this study is to enhance intercultural communication and understanding. Under the guidance of the theoretical and methodological principles of interactional sociolinguistic approaches, I observed and filmed seven live Chinese business negotiation meetings and conducted three post-interviews with key participants at three Chinese cities. The treatment of the data includes transcribing the set of the data, identifying the instances containing the strategies, and analyzing patterned strategies with the qualitative method. In this study, I argue that the preference for agreement is situational specific. The findings indicate Chinese people are conscious of their opponent's face, but business interest outweighs face politeness. The study shows that business interest and power/personal relationships are major factors in the participant's choice of disagreement management strategies.
School:The University of Arizona
School Location:USA - Arizona
Source Type:Master's Thesis
Date of Publication:


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Research Applied: FBR Précis for the Practitioner
We continue our series of Research Applied with summaries and practical applications of two articles on philanthropy from the September Special Issue of FBR: Social Issues in the Family Enterprise
- Does Family Involvement Make Firms Donate More? Empirical Evidence from Chinese Private Firms
- Firm Philanthropy in Small and Medium-Sized Family Firms: The Effects of Family Involvement in Ownership and Management
Summary 1: Does Family Involvement Make Firms Donate More? Empirical Evidence From Chinese Private Firms
Junsheng Dou, Zhongyuan Zhang and Emma Su
This article's research question is: Whether and under what condition family involvement positively impacts firms' charitable donations?
The authors studied 2,921 private Chinese firms' charitable donations, which are seen as a main part of firms' proactive stakeholder engagement (PSE). Donations are a discretionary responsibility, which means that firms make their own decisions on whether and how much to donate. Donations also put pressure on firms' flow of cash and other resources, and thus are short-term sacrifices for the potential long-term advantages of enhancing firms' reputations and public images and accumulating moral and social capital for the firm.
The authors define family involvement as composed of three dimensions:
- Family ownership describes the ownership percentage of the family
- Family management describes how many family members are practically involved in management
- Family duration of control describes how long the family has control over the firm
The authors argue that these three dimensions of family involvement positively influence the level of donations. They further tested whether or not the willingness of the next generation to assume control of the firm altered these relationships.
The importance of measuring the influence of family involvement on charitable donations lies in its theoretical implications since it demonstrates the different logic attributed to family firm owners as compared to nonfamily ones. An empirical validation like this study could help researchers and practitioners answer questions such as:
- Do family firms really have a different decision making process?
- Do family owners really sacrifice economic short-term gains for the long-term ones?
- What dimension of family involvement influences the social initiative at the firm level?
- What is the negative influence of the next generation's unwillingness to assume control of the firm on charitable donations?
This study found that family ownership and duration of control were positively associated with charitable giving. The study further shows that family percentage of ownership and a longer duration of family control have a significant positive influence on charitable donations.
However, the next generation's unwillingness to assume control of the firm weakened the positive family ownership-charitable giving relationship. This study reinforces the role of the next generation of family business leaders on the long-term orientation and pro-social behavior of family firms.
Practitioners will find that this study continues the stream of recent family business research which demonstrates the power of non-financial pursuits in family firms. Practitioners need to continue to be cognizant of the strength of the non-financial pursuits of their clients.
Summary 2: Firm Philanthropy in Small and Medium-Sized Family Firms: The Effects of Family Involvement in Ownership and Management
Giovanna Campopiano, Alfredo De Massis and Francesco Chirico
This study of 130 small and medium sized firms in northern Italy was conducted with the purpose of learning about the effects of family involvement in ownership and management on firm philanthropy. (Small and medium-sized firms are defined as having an annual turnover of between 2 and 50 million Euros.) The authors describe "firm philanthropy" as:
- altruistic activities intended to serve others
- the act of donating money, goods and services to support a socially beneficial or humanitarian cause
- a discretionary wealth transfer of net income to stakeholders
The study draws on stewardship theory, which considers the family as a source of competitive advantage based upon three main aspects:
- significant investment in the business and its future
- virtually unconditional funding of this investment
- a strong willingness to pursue long-term goals even at the expense of short-term gains
Social networks and reputational capital, which can be fueled by philanthropy, are key resources to maintain competitive advantages.
The authors describe the study results as supporting the propositions that the propensity for philanthropic activity in a family firm:
- increases with the degree of family ownership
- increases as ownership becomes more dispersed among family members
Reasons for this propensity include the higher motivation in family owned businesses to create a multi-generational family enterprise which, in turn, depends upon a number of factors, some of which are strengthened through firm philanthropy, such as:
- building the reputation of the firm
- helping to build a working environment that rewards support and collaboration
- fostering and developing a skilled workforce
- making connections to stakeholders in the community
As the number of family owners involved in the business increases, their social networks are likely to expand as well.
In a somewhat counterintuitive perspective, the authors interpret some mixed survey data to conclude that a greater concentration of family members as managers, in proportion to all family members involved in the company, reduces the propensity for firm philanthropy. They argue that a significant number of family managers leads to more conflict, more divergent views of priorities, less stewardship behavior and more allocation of resources inwardly toward business needs. Further studies are needed to determine whether these propositions apply to larger family firms or might change with a larger sample size across countries and cultures.
Practitioners should consider some useful lessons that arise from the authors' work. To maximize the positive impact of firm philanthropy on the long-term success of a family firm, efforts are needed to help family firms understand the benefits of firm philanthropy and its relationship to business sustainability. Governance efforts are important to help align family managers, family employees and family ownership goals for firm philanthropy. The larger the number of family managers in the firm, the more challenging the governance process to focus and sustain firm philanthropy commitment.
About the Contributor:
Karen L. Vinton, Ph.D. is a 1999 Barbara Hollander Award winner and Professor Emeritus of Business at the College of Business at Montana State University, where she founded the University's Family Business Program. An FFI Fellow, she has served on the FFI board of directors and chaired the Body of Knowledge committee. From 1997 through 2011, Vinton served on the editorial board of Family Business Review and is the current assistant editor. Karen can be reached at [email protected].
Yours in Practice,


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In general, a rate transition exists between two blocks if their sample times differ, that is, if either of their sample-time vector components are different. The exceptions are:
Blocks that output constant value never have a rate transition with any other rate.
A continuous sample time (black) and the fastest discrete rate (red) never has a rate transition if you use a fixed-step solver.
A variable sample time and fixed in minor step do not have a rate transition.
You can resolve rate transitions manually by inserting rate transition blocks and by using two diagnostic tools. For the single-tasking execution mode, the Single task rate transition diagnostic allows you to set the level of Simulink® rate transition messages. The Multitask rate transition diagnostic serves the same function for multitasking execution mode. These execution modes directly relate to the type of solver in use: Variable-step solvers are always single-tasking; fixed-step solvers may be explicitly set as single-tasking or multitasking.
Simulink can detect mismatched rate transitions in a multitasking model during an update diagram and automatically insert Rate Transition blocks to handle them. To enable this, in the Solver pane of model configuration parameters, select Automatically handle rate transition for data transfer. The default setting for this option is off. When you select this option:
Simulink handles transitions between periodic sample times and asynchronous tasks.
Simulink inserts hidden Rate Transition blocks in the block diagram.
Automatically inserted Rate Transition blocks operate in
protected mode for periodic tasks and asynchronous tasks. You cannot alter
this behavior. For periodic tasks, automatically inserted Rate Transition
blocks operate with the level of determinism specified by the
transfer parameter in the Solver pane.
The default setting is
possible, which enables
determinism for data transfers between periodic sample-times that are
related by an integer multiple. For more information, see Deterministic data transfer. To use other modes, you must insert Rate Transition
blocks and set their modes manually.
When you select the Automatically handle rate transition for data transfer option, Simulink inserts Rate Transition blocks in the paths that have mismatched transition rates. These blocks are hidden by default. To visualize the inserted blocks, update the diagram. Badge labels appear in the model and indicate where Simulink inserted Rate Transition blocks during the compilation phase. For example, in this model, three Rate Transition blocks were inserted between the two Sine Wave blocks and the Multiplexer and Integrator when the model compiled. The ZOH and DbBuf badge labels indicate these blocks.
You can show or hide badge labels. On the Debug tab, select Information Overlays > Automatic Rate Transitions.
To configure the hidden Rate Transition blocks, right click on a badge label and click on Insert rate transition block to make the block visible.
When you make hidden Rate Transition blocks visible:
You can see the type of Rate Transition block inserted as well as the location in the model.
You can set the Initial Conditions of these blocks.
You can change data transfer and sample time block parameters.
Validate the changes to your model by updating your diagram.
Displaying inserted Rate Transition blocks is not compatible with:
Concurrent execution environment
To learn more about the types of Rate Transition blocks, see Rate Transition.
Suppose you automatically insert rate transition blocks and there is a virtual block specifying sample time upstream of the block you insert. You cannot click the badge of the inserted block to configure the block and make it visible because the sample time on the virtual block causes a rate transition as well. In this case, manually insert a rate transition block before the virtual block. To learn more about virtual blocks, see Nonvirtual and Virtual Blocks.