New Voices For The 4J School Board
Kudos to Eugene Weekly for having two stories in the March 18 edition on the 4J school board races. As we recover from the pandemic it will be critical that the board includes new voices and perspectives.
Two highly qualified women of color are running for the two open seats on the board. Maya Rabasa is a parent, long time volunteer in the schools and a member of the district's budget committee. Laural O'Rourke went through the system as a student and is now a parent of children who are in the 4J schools. Through their own experiences they can bring a perspective to the board that is invaluable at a time when our schools are going through great demographic changes.
In the third race, Tom Di Liberto, a retired 4J classroom teacher, is running against an incumbent. It would be incredible to have a teacher with 31 years of experience on the school board that has not had a teacher on it in decades. Yes, decades! Tom would bring a classroom perspective to the board which is sorely absent now. He is also bilingual and would greatly increase the communication with the Latinx community.
His classroom experience can highlight the effects of out of control standardized testing that is taking valuable time from teaching and has narrowed the curriculum to tested subjects at the expense of art, music, social studies etc.
Three new diverse voices on the board would be a huge plus for our students and our community.
Pete Mandrapa
Retired 4J teacher


text:
Date: TBA. 10AM – 6PM.
Facilitator: James Inabinet, PhD. Cost: $25
Enacting a Human Niche extends the mythos of niche by developing actual skills for creating niche, seeking optimum modalities–where and how it CAN go. This requires situating oneself within a prospective niche including considerations of history and place. historical considerations include situating oneself within personal origins (family history) and the origins of the entire cosmos (big history). Place considerations include the where of an individual's prospective human niche and the overall bioregion within which any place is situated.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
The Plasma Cloud console allows you to manage wireless mesh both manually and automatically.
Generally, the use of WiFi AI is recommended for automated wireless mesh management. It will perform regular networks scans (based on your maintenance window) and dynamically optimize your settings to better suit your topology. For instance, wireless mesh may be disabled to reduce the WiFi overhead and increase performance when not needed. On the other hand, it will be activated on those devices that can't successfully connect to the Internet via cable.
However, should you wish to manually enable and disable wireless mesh, you can do so either on a per-network or per-Access Point basis. First, you need to:
- Log into the Plasma Cloud console;
- Select the Organisation and Network of interest from the top right menu;
Next, to manually manage wireless mesh for your network, you need to:
- Navigate to Settings > Network in the main menu on the left;
- Ensure the WiFi AI toggle is deactivated in the WiFi settings section;
- Enable or disable the Wireless mesh toggle in the WiFi settings section as needed.
Or, to manually manage wireless mesh for a specific Access Point, you need to:
- Navigate to Access Points and select the device of interest from the table;
- Scroll down to the Wireless mesh section and click on the drop-down menu to change the status of wireless mesh for this particular device.


text:
Technical Training Center of the Air Force Northern Division
The TTC of the Air Force Northern Division is the organizational foundation for tailored technical training geared to the military capabilities of the Bundeswehr.
In four training groups at the two locations Faßberg and Wunstorf, the Northern Division conducts technical and logistic training, advanced training and continuing education in the following areas:
- Aircraft technology for the CH-53 medium transport helicopter and the A400M transport aircraft
- Basic training covering all weapon systems
- Flight equipment and rescue systems
- Ground equipment technology
- Structural mechanics
- Operating materials
- Combat damage repair on Air Force weapon systems and aircraft
The training workshop is another building block of the Northern Division. Here, young people can learn the civilian-approved profession of aircraft mechanic, specializing in engine technology.
Lieutenant Colonel Andreas Böge
"Passen Sie jetzt Ihre Datenschutzeinstellungen an, um Google Maps Standortinformationen zu sehen"
Sergeant Major Torben Brandt
Info Point Faßberg


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Romantic Table for Two
Create a cozy atmosphere when making a special meal on Valentine's Day. Begin by draping the table in an elegant cloth with white and red hues. Place a lovely Heart-Shaped Napkin (instructions below) on top of each dinner plate.
Then add some ambiance by creating Rose Candleholders. Here's how:
 - Cut the stem off of a large rose, making sure the bottom is even. Use your fingers to fully open the rose. If necessary, remove some center petals so there's a small open area in the middle.
 - Place a tea light candle in a clear tea light holder; set inside the rose. Place the Rose Candleholder on a small saucer or candle base. To prevent wilting, make these flower candleholders just before sitting down to dinner.
Heart-Shaped Napkin
 1. Place a square napkin on a flat surface. Fold two opposite side edges in so that they meet in the center, making a rectangle.
 2. Fold the rectangle in half lengthwise. Rotate the napkin so that the single fold is on the bottom.
 3. With your finger in the center of the rectangle, bring up one end of the napkin until it touches your finger.
 4. Bring up the other end so that the two ends touch and a point is formed on the bottom.
 5. Tuck under the two upper corners to create a heart shape.


Gertrude Stein puts the "there" back in Oakland
Friday, February 03, 2012 at 9:52 AM
Gertrude Stein. (Courtesy Oakland Public Library, Oakland History Room.)
What exactly did renowned U.S. writer and art collector Gertrude Stein mean when she said "there is no there there" about Oakland, California? In honor of Gertrude Stein's 138th birthday today, we explore the meaning of this oft-quoted phrase.
In fall 2011, I attended the SF Museum of Modern Art's exhibit of Stein's groundbreaking Paris art collection. At the exhibit, a small display about her childhood in Oakland, California, sparked my interest. I was born in Oakland, and I'm currently writing a book about Oakland. I wondered what it was like for Gertrude Stein growing up there in the 1880s. I purchased The Autobiography of Alice B. Toklas from the Google eBookstore to read about Stein's experiences in Paris and San Francisco with her companion, Alice Toklas. The more I read by Stein and saw how she plays with language, the more I wondered about the meaning of her "no there there" quote.
There is a "There" in Oakland. (Photo by Joe Sciarrillo)
Searching Google Books, I found the "no there there" quote on page 298 of Everybody's Autobiography, published in 1937. The full quote is:
Searching the Google News archive, I found that dozens of articles over the last several decades used her quote. Searching Google Scholar, I found over 1,000 scholarly articles referencing her quote. But still, I wanted to learn more. What was Oakland like in the 1880s? I went to the Oakland History Room at the Oakland Main Library to find out.
Newspaper clippings from Stein's file in the Oakland History Room referencing her "there" quote.
Stein's family moved to Oakland in 1880, when she was six, and lived at the Tubbs Hotel their first year. Author Robert Louis Stevenson also stayed at this hotel from March to April, 1880.
Tubbs Hotel, Oakland, California. (Courtesy Oakland Public Library, Oakland History Room)
Her family then moved to a home near today's 13th Avenue and East 25th Avenue. She lived in Oakland until 1891, and left at age 17 for Baltimore, after her parents passed away. Oakland was a much smaller town then, with a population of just under 35,000 in 1880.
Downtown Oakland in 1889. (Courtesy Oakland Public Library, Oakland History Room)
Children playing in a water hole near where Stein grew up in Oakland in this 1884 photo. (Courtesy Oakland Public Library, Oakland History Room)
Nearly 45 years later, Stein returned to Oakland on a lecture tour in 1935. By that time, the city had grown nearly 10 times to over 300,000 residents. When she tried to find her childhood home, it was no longer there. When she published Everybody's Autobiography two years later, saying there was "no there there," it was an expression of "painful nostalgia" about her home being gone and the land around it being completely changed. The house where she grew up was on a sprawling 10-acre plot surrounded by orchards and farms. By 1935, it had been replaced by dozens of houses. Oakland held a special significance to her, and on her return, she found that Oakland had urbanized and changed from the pastoral place she remembered.
Gertrude Stein writes in her autobiographical novel, The Making of Americans, about her childhood in Oakland, where a child "could have all anybody could want of joyous sweating, of rain and wind, of hunting, of cows and dogs and horses, of chopping wood, of making hay, of dreaming, of lying in a hollow all warm with the sun shining while the wind was howling." She won her first literary award as a student at Franklin School in Oakland for a piece she wrote about the sun "setting in a cavern of clouds." Returning to her home decades later to find it gone and to find Oakland no longer a place "of chopping wood, of making hay" struck her, and she wrote her famous "no there there" quote in response.
Stein's house, two miles south of this 1889 photo, was in a sparsely-populated section of Oakland. (Courtesy Oakland Public Library, Oakland History Room)
When researching Stein at the Oakland History Room, the literary portrait file had photos of Jack London, a contemporary of Stein's, who also grew up in Oakland. The file included other famous authors who visited Oakland in the late 1800s, including Mark Twain, Robert Louis Stevenson, and John Muir. Despite the misinterpretation of Stein's quote, there has always been a "there" in Oakland. Oakland has been blessed with several waves of artistic movements, stretching back to these authors. And in interviewing innovative artists and writers in Oakland today for my forthcoming book Oakland in Popular Memory, I've seen first-hand that now more than ever, there is a "there" in Oakland.
J and K said...
Thanks for the explanation of the "no there there" quote. I've heard secondhand about the actual context and meaning, but this is a more detailed account. I can't imagine what Stein would say if she saw Oakland today, though perhaps she'd be somewhat heartened by our budding urban gardening movement.
3011 said...
In a conversation today with a literary British colleague, he used this quote--"there's no there there," Gertrude Stein, to add to my description of Los Angeles, which, even we Americans know was totally changed from a city into a sphagetti-like system of limited access freeways... when GM bought up its rail system to sell their cars. Perhaps he had been reading the Google Blog!
Kay Walker said...
I had the same experience as Gertrude Stein did when I saw my early childhood home on Google Earth/Maps! The whole street has changed including the landscape. A mountain has been carved away at the end of the street and made my childhood street a divided cul-de-sac, going nowhere. There is no school over the back fence, but a bland estate crammed with cheap modern housesmy remembered "there" is not there, it only lives in my brain/mind. I never understood what Stein meant until todaythank you!
Rose Hoban said...
I was working on a radio program about Oakland in the early 2000s and we decided to do a story about the 'oldest building in Oakland'. It was amazing, there were no buildings older than, say, 1900. Almost all of them had been razed, including the lovely Victorian houses along Lake Merritt. Even the beautiful houses near Park Blvd were more recent. In effect, Oaklanders had decided that 'old' = 'bad' and expunged their prior landscape.
I could completely understand Stein in that context.
Incidentally, we were finally able to identify the oldest building, it's a brick railroad car barn close to the 880 onramp near the old railroad terminal station. (abandoned, yet still beautiful... see? The trend continues even now.) That was then. If memory serves (I no longer live there), that building has come down too.


text: With the increasing demands of energy efficiency and environment protection, composite materials have become an important alternative for traditional materials. Composite materials offer many advantages over traditional materials including: low density, high strength, high stiffness to weight ratio, excellent durability, and design flexibility. Despite all these advantages, composite materials have not been as widely used as expected because of the complexity and cost of the manufacturing process. One of the main causes is associated with poor dimensional control. General curved composite parts are often used as the structural components in the composite industry. Due to the anisotropic material nature, process-induced dimensional variations make it difficult for tighttolerance control and limit the use of composites. This research aims to develop a practical approach for the design of general curved composite parts and assembly. First, the closed-form solution for the process-induced dimensional variations, which is commonly called spring-in, was derived. For a general curved composite part, a Structural Tree Method (STM) was developed to divide the curve into a number of pieces and calculate the dimensional variations sequentially. This method can be also applied to an assembly of composite parts. The approach was validated through a case study. The method presented in this paper provides a convenient and practical tool for the dimensional and tolerance analysis in the early design stage of general curved composite parts and assembly, which is extremely useful for the realization of affordable tight tolerance composites. It also provides the foundation of Integrated Product/Process Development (IPPD) and Design for Manufacturing/Assembly (DFM/DFA) for composites.


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Attributes represent certain statistics that each character has, and determine (among other things) how good a character is at certain actions.
A screenshot of the character screen with skills highlighted.
Skills represent a character's expertise across various fields and together with skills determine how good or bad a character is at a given task. Skills cap at 100.
Skill Effects
Diplomacy.png Diplomacy
 - +1 General opinion per each level above 8, -1 per each level below 8[1]
 - +1% Monthly prestige per level (starting from −8 at level 0)[2]
 - Determines the opinion gain from certain character interactions
 - Determines the effectiveness of diplomacy schemes
Martial.png Martial
 - +2% Levy size per level
 - +2% Levy reinforcement rate per level
 - +1 Advantage
Stewardship.png Stewardship
 - +2% Domain taxes per each level above 8, -2% Domain taxes per each level below 8
 - +1 Domain limit per 5 levels
Intrigue.png Intrigue
 - +1% Scheme discovery chance per level
 - +1 Hostile scheme success chance per level
 - Determines the effectiveness of intrigue schemes
 - Determines imprisonment success chance
Learning.png Learning
 - +0.1 Monthly piety per level
 - -1% Conversion cost per level
 - +1% Cultural fascination bonus if cultural head
 - Determines the prestige cost to increase crown authority
 - Determines the success chance of Demand Conversion
War.png Prowess
 - Determines the effectiveness in duels (e.g. title challenge for Tribal rulers)
 - +10 Toughness as knight per level
 - +100 Damage as knight per level
Value thresholds[edit]
Value thresholds, while not as important as the exact value of a skill, are taken into account in various events to determine the chances for a good or bad outcome. Skills are decided by education traits and can be affected by other trait types.
Values Description
0–4 Terrible
5–8 Poor
9–12 Average
13–16 Good
17-68 Excellent
69 Nice
70+ Excellent
Dread is a measure of how feared a ruler is by their vassals. Enough dread compared to another character's boldness can make characters either intimidated or terrified, allowing most diplomatic actions to succeed despite negative opinion.
Dread is gained by various actions that inspire fear, such as torturing or executing prisoners. However, it is also possible to lose dread through actions showing compassion or weakness, including releasing prisoners and accepting faction demands. Each character additionally has natural dread which is the value towards which dread will drift over time (either up or down), at a base rate of 0.5 per month. The lifestyle perk Forever Infamous prevents dread from decaying.
Each character has a hidden boldness attribute, which is decided by its traits. A character becomes intimidated by characters whose dread is 20 above their own boldness and terrified by characters whose dread is 45 above their own boldness.
Intimidation and terror[edit]
Intimidated characters are less likely to join factions or schemes against the character they're intimidated by, while a terrified character will never join factions or schemes against them. In addition, it affects their acceptance for various character interactions:
Interaction Intimidated.png Intimidated acceptance Terrified.png Terrified acceptance
Arrange marriage +75 +150
Blackmail +50 +100
Negotiate alliance +50 +100
Offer guardianship +50 +100
Offer ward +50 +100
Ransom +40 +100
Ask to take vows +25 +50
Imprison +25 +50
Retract vassal +25 +50
Revoke title +25 +50
Demand conversion +10 +20
Offer vassalage +10 +20
Marry -50 -75
Dread gain[edit]
The amount of dread gained through actions is modified by the following:
Source Dread gain
The Tower of London +30%
First Guile dynasty legacy perk +20%
Martial authority focus.png Authority focus +20%
Dreadful perk in Torturer tree ( Intrigue lifestyle) +30%
Hard Rule perk in Overseer tree ( Martial lifestyle) +20%
Public Display of Ruthlessness modifier ( Host Feast) +25%
Suspicious Reputation modifier ( Learning lifestyle event) +20%
Dangerous to Know modifier ( Learning lifestyle event) +20%
Wind Spirits' Blessing modifier ( Seek Aid of the Spirits decision) +25%
Torturer trait +50%
Paranoid trait +25%
Callous trait +25%
Vengeful trait +15%
Irritable trait +10%
Natural dread[edit]
The natural dread of a character is modified by the following (default value is 0):
Source Natural dread
First Guile dynastic legacy perk +15
Intimidation focus +30
Serve the Crown lifestyle perk +15
Wrathful trait +20
Arbitrary trait +15
Sadistic trait +35
Albino trait +15
Scaly trait +10
One-Eyed trait +10
Cannibal trait +20
Greatest of Khans trait +50
Compassionate trait -15
Wounded trait -10
Severely Injured trait -15
Brutally Mauled trait -20
Sickly trait -20
Infirm trait -15
Incapable trait -25
Maimed trait -15
Blind trait -10
Ill trait -10
Bubonic Plague trait -30
Cancer trait -20
Consumption trait -10
Great Pox trait -20
Gout-ridden trait -5
Leper trait -20
Lover's Pox trait -5
Pneumonia trait -10
One-Legged trait -10
Small Pox trait -15
Typhus trait -15
Health is a measure of how likely a character is to die. Male characters are born with health between (and including) 4.5 and 4.9; female characters are born with health between (and including) 5.0 and 5.4.[3] Once a character reaches the age of 25, they have a 7.5% chance to lose −0.125 health each year. The chance increases by 2.2% each year.
Health Can die Description Interval
Health negative.png Dying Yes You are at Death's doorstep health < 0
Health negative.png Near Death Yes You are not long for this world... 0 ≤ health < 1
Health.png Poor Yes You are ailing 1 ≤ health < 3
Health.png Fine No You are feeling fine 3 ≤ health < 5
Health positive.png Good No Your humors are balanced 5 ≤ health < 7
Health positive.png Excellent No You are full of vim and vigor! health ≥ 7
Some traits, tenets and modifiers provide bonuses Disease resistance (health). This means that any health penalties applied to the character are negated by the amount of disease resistance the character has. Note that there is also disease resistance for fertility.
Health boosts and penalties[edit]
Health effects have different names depending on the value:[4]
Displayed as Range of values
Catastrophic Health Penalty value < −4
Critical Health Penalty −4 ≤ value < −3
Severe Health Penalty −3 ≤ value < −1
Major Health Penalty −1 ≤ value < −0.75
Moderate Health Penalty −0.75 ≤ value < −0.5
Minor Health Penalty −0.5 ≤ value < −0.25
Tiny Health Penalty −0.25 ≤ value < 0
Small Health Boost 0 < value < +0.25
Medium Health Boost +0.25 ≤ value < +0.5
Significant Health Boost +0.5 ≤ value < +0.75
Huge Health Boost +0.75 ≤ value < +1
Massive Health Boost +1 ≤ value < +2
Godlike Health Boost +2 ≤ value
Death is the end of a character's life. For landed characters, it triggers succession for any held titles. There can be multiple causes:
 - When health is either poor, near death or dying, there is a chance at a given interval to die. The lower a character's health, the bigger this chance is.
 - Secret murder.png Upon success of a murder scheme, the targetted character dies.
 - The Attempt Suicide decision has a chance for the character to die.
 - Knights may die in battle or in duels, with this chance increasing with low prowess and other factors.
 - Characters may die when the holding they are currently residing in is captured in a siege.
 - Imprisoned characters may be executed by their jailors.
 - Various events may cause death.
See also: Breeding
Fertility represents a character's chance to have or cause pregnancy. Married couples and heterosexual lovers have a monthly chance to get the woman pregnant based on the average fertility of the two partners.
A character's base fertility is determined by their age:
Gender Age
16–25 26–30 31–35 36–40 41–45 46–50 51–60 61–70 70+
Male 100% 100% 100% 90% 80% 80% 70% 60% 50%
Female 100%


text:
Category: Pond Plants
The Red Scarf lotus is a tea cup lotus plant that is very smaller in size compared to the typical hardy lotus plant. This plant has hardy zones of four or higher or less than four with winter protections. The plant has crimson blooms that are reddish pink in color with white centers. Its petals are narrow and located next to the pod giving it a unique look. The flowers open in the mid morning and close in the mid afternoon. Individual flowers can last for three days before their petals can fall.
Newly planted Red Scarf lotus do not always flower during their first year. Full flowering can occur during the early summer season with sunny and warm conditions. The plant can grow up to six inches across, with its leaves growing to ten to twelve inches wide. The Red Scarf lotus plant as a free flowering plant, also produces blooms during its first seasons. It has round bluish green leaves that float on waters. It can grow up to three to four feet tall. This plant can establish well in medium to large ponds.
The unique Red Scarf lotus can performs well when planted in a small to medium sized pond..It can do well in a container since it can be well establish with or without a pond. The plant can be planted in a huge container with a capacity of at least two gallons container. It can do well when planted in a no-hole container. It is considered a true bowl lotus as it can do so well in containers.
The Red Scarf lotus plant can look great in garden beds due to its cupped shaped blossoms in addition to the uniqueness in the flower colors. It is a hardy plant which can tolerate sunny and warm conditions. However, for the plant to establish well, it requires full sun. This type of plant, when planted in a container, can fail to establish if the soil in the container is not well drained. It is important to note that this plant can fail to re-grow if it is placed in cold water as it can return into dormant state.


Query stub information in Docker images and containers
After you build a Docker image, you can query that image to see stub information such as the stub name, its ID, and its exposed port. In addition, after the image is running as a container, you can query the container to retrieve information as to what stubs are running within it.
Docker images
The Docker images that are built from a Dockerfile and build context files that are published from HCL OneTest™ API contain a file that is named stubs.info with basic information for the stubs that are included. To view the file contents within the image, use this Docker command:
docker run --entrypoint cat stubimage /stubs.info
where stubimage is the name(tag) for the stub image. An example of the output follows:
NAME ID EXPOSED_PORT
myStub 1f8b3e1a:150a97ea022:-7cdb 8081
Docker containers
To query stub information when the image is running as a container, from the docker host, you can use the curl command:
curl http://:7820
where is the IP address of the container, not the host. To get the IP address of the container, use this Docker command:
docker inspect -- format '{{.NetworkSettings.IPAddress}}'
The port 7820 is used by default. If you want to, you can override this port assignment when you run the container by specifying an environment variable named STUB_INFO_PORT. For example, add the -e option with this environment variable to the docker run command:
The output of the query is text in JSON format. An example of output follows:
 "stubs": [
 "id": "1f8b3e1a:150a97ea022:-7cdb",
 "name": "myStub",
 "activities": [
 "exposedPort": "8081",
 "rule": "Path: /test AND Port: 80 AND Method: POST AND (Host: _URL_ OR Host: OR (source host= AND (Host: localhost OR Host: OR Host: 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1)))"
 "started": "true"


Why should I study in Beijing, China?
Why should I study in Beijing?
5 reasons to study abroad in Beijing, China
The Chinese capital captivates as one of the most populous cities in the world with a more than 3,000 year old city history. Many sights and world-famous universities complete the cityscape.
 1. How big is Beijing?
 The size of a city can make a big difference on your study experience. Some students prefer the feel and pace of larger busy cities, while some may prefer a smaller and calmer feel. Whatever your preference, U-Multirank has you covered. Beijing averages a population of about 21500000 residents and covers some 16807 km2.
 2. How many universities and colleges are located in, or around Beijing, China?
 U-Multirank includes 18 colleges and universities in or near the Beijing area. To explore some of the colleges and universities in Beijing, click on the university names below, or visit our Study in China page.
 3. Do I need a language certificate to study in Beijing, China?
 4. Is Beijing, China a safe place to study?
 Safety is an important point to consider when studying abroad. According to the current Numbeo Safety Index, Beijing has a score of 66 – ranking it at number 119 of 374 cities globally for safety.
 5. Is Beijing, China an expensive city to live in?
 The cost of living can play a major factor in deciding where to study. Aside from tuition fees, students should consider the local cost of living – including items like housing, food, and social life. According to the current Numbeo Cost of Living Index, Beijing has a score of 45.26 – ranking it at number 91 of 476 cities globally for the cost of living (the higher the ranking, the more expensive the cost of living is).
Where is Beijing?
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Changes in climate factors such as warmer air temperatures and extreme fluctuations in precipitation as a result of rising CO2 concentration may significantly impact plant growth and crop productivity. Over the past several years a range of research initiatives have been conducted to better understand responses of the cotton system to this changing environment.
This review explores projected climatic changes throughout Australian cotton regions, summarises studies that assess the impact on productivity, and investigations to help mitigate potential negative effects.


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Topic: Parallel In Serial Out Diasy Chaining (Read 747 times) previous topic - next topic
So for my engineering design project, I have to read in 12 buttons using just 4 arduino pins. I know it's possible to do it using 2 Parallel In Serial Out Registers, but I have no idea how to daisy chain them together. Can someone help me? Also, how would the code work?
In brief:
Serial out from one chip into serial in of the other, parallel the other control signals, parallel-load then clock for twice as many pulses...
Or use a MCP23S17 or a better yet with only 2 pins a PCF8575.
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text:
|The English Snaphance developed during the second half on the sixteenth century and was in production by the 1580s.|
|THE ENGLISH SNAPHANCE
Click on the thumbnails below to view full size examples and explanations of the English Snaphance.
dated examples exist, the earliest known being the English snaphance
engraved 1584, now in the Tojhusmuseet, Copenhagen. Another, dated
1588, is in the Victoria & Albert Museum, London, and a third
example, dated 1590, can be seen at the Royal Armouries, Leeds. These
examples confirm that the lock was fully developed prior to 1580.
the first two decades of the 17th century, snaphance guns were
considered to be one of the leading technological innovations in
England and they were included among gifts to the royalty of Europe.
Much evidence survives to show that the snaphance remained popular in
England until the 1640s, although comparatively few examples now exist.


text: Keep the bugs away with a Sunco LED Bulb Yellow Bug Light while you save energy. This natural insect repellant deters insects with a yellow hue that is harder for bugs to see than a cool blue light. Its lower heat emission, compared to an incandescent bulb, will also help reduce the flying pests near your light. A15 is great as a low blue comfort light or dimmable night light. The energy efficient Sunco Yellow Bug Light also functions as a sleep aid to increase melatonin and adjust your sleep-wake cycle instead of the blue light spectrum that can boost alertness.


text:
Definitions for vincetoxicum
This page provides all possible meanings and translations of the word vincetoxicum
Vincetoxicum, genus Vincetoxicum(noun)
genus of chiefly tropical American vines having cordate leaves and large purple or greenish cymose flowers; supposedly having powers as an antidote
Vincetoxicum is a genus of plant in family Apocynaceae. Although the species in Vincetoxicum have sometimes been included in Cynanchum, chemical and molecular evidence shows that Vincetoxicum is more closely related to Tylophora. Species include: ⁕Vincetoxicum funebre ⁕Vincetoxicum hirundinaria ⁕Vincetoxicum linifolium, Balf.f. ⁕Vincetoxicum nigrum ⁕Vincetoxicum rossicum
The numerical value of vincetoxicum in Chaldean Numerology is: 5
The numerical value of vincetoxicum in Pythagorean Numerology is: 5
Images & Illustrations of vincetoxicum
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text:
Okay, so maybe this is a dumb question, but I'm going to go ahead and throw it out there simply because I'm curious.
What exactly is the difference between say IUPUI and Harvard (Don't point out the obvious, I'm well aware of the primary differences). My question is in regards to the education.
I go to IUPUI and have always wondered, what exactly is the educational difference? Take for example the following.
If I was taking a math class at IUPUI, and had the following equation.
2x = 6. Solve for x.
At IUPUI, the answer would be 3.
At Harvard, the answer would also be 3.
If students are taking classes that teach the same material, why pay thousands of dollars more for Harvard than for IUPUI, Ball State, IU, Purdue or anywhere else? Are students simply paying for prestige? Granted, Harvard and schools like it are known for law and other specialties, but in regards to basic type courses, why pay much more for the same material?
I know that isn't college level math, but that's just a simple example. Math does not change, ever, regardless of school/professor. So what is the difference exactly between Harvard, Princeton, Yale/others and your "normal" university/college?
Any input is appreciated. I've always just been curious about this for some time.


text:
If you use Facebook for the sole purpose of keeping in touch with your friends and don't intend to play games provided on the social network, then the game invites you constantly receive from your friends are not always appreciated. This tutorial explains how to block constant game invites from your friends and at the same time prevent the games updates from invading your news feed.
Disable Apps Notifications
Connect to your Facebook Account. Go to on Settings > Notifications:
Go to What You Get Notified About and click on the Edit button located next to App requests and activity:
All apps that have access to your Facebook account are listed in this section. To disable notifications from a particular app, click on the drop-down menu appearing next to it and select Off:
Disable Game request
To block game invites from a particular contact, simply go to the Blocking section > Block app invites. Enter the names of the users who are constantly sending the annoying game invites:
You can also prevent apps from contacting you or access your Facebook information by typing their names in the Block apps field:
If you ever change your mind about games invites, then you can unblock them via the same menu.


RTX shows bigger calculation difference with CPU than GTX?
I have source codes to solve 2-dimensional shallow water equation using C++ and Cuda 11.2.
I have tested the exe file on GTX970, GTX1080Ti, RTX2070, RTX2080, RTX2080Super.
The results of calculation difference with CPU are as below.
GPU ====> Max. value of calculation result difference with CPU
GTX970 ====> 0.001
GTX1080Ti ====> 0.001
RTX2070 ====> 0.204
RTX2080 ====> 0.261
RTX2080Super ====> 0.221
The question is "Why RTXs have bigger difference than GTXs? "
Are there any build options for RTXs?
I use Visual studio 2019, Cuda Toolkit 11.2, and C++.
I applied sm_52 and compute_52( or sm_75 and compute_75), and "Use Fast Math : false" options.
My PC OS is Windows10 64bit.
Please help me.
calculation difference with CPU
This is not a valid measure of correctness or accuracy.
Since code generation has an architecture-dependent component, on both CPUs and GPUs, numerical differences can result. For example, the compiler may re-arrange code to increase instruction-level parallelism, or apply fusion of FMUL and dependent FADD into an FMA (fused multiply-add) differently, or some math functions may have slightly different accuracy within the stated accuracy bounds.
If you want to assess accuracy, the easiest (but not entirely foolproof) way is to compute reference results in (much) higher precision, then compare against that.
If you merely need the issue to go away, try compiling with -fmad=false. Note: this will in all likelihood decrease both performance and accuracy of the GPU implementation.
Thanks njuffa,
You are right, it is not about accuracy.
So I have changed the title of this issue.
Previous title : RTX shows lower floating point accuracy than GTX?
New title: RTX shows bigger calculation difference with CPU than GTX?
I think its unlikely that anyone can give you a complete answer unless either you provide a complete code example, or someone decides to write a lengthy tutorial for you.
The only "build options" specific to RTX that come to mind are the ones you already mentioned: it's always good practice to compile for the architecture(s) you intend to run on, e.g. compute_75/sm_75 for a cc7.5 GPU.
Here is a brief tutorial. I would say there are two general categories of issues here.
 1. Those arising from machine calculation methods. For example comparing float to double, or with or with FMA contraction, are a couple examples. Such differences can easily give rise to differences in results, whether we are talking about comparing CPU to GPU or some other comparison. In addition, other more complex operations such as sin(), cos(), and other "library" match functions may simply be implemented differently on two different "machines" giving rise to different results.
 2. Those arising from order of operations (algorithm calculation methods). Floating point operations don't always have all the characteristics of basic math operations that we learned about in grade school/middle school. If you compare a serial algorithm/realization to a parallel algorithm/realization, its often the case that the math doesn't get done in exactly the same order. This can give rise to differences. A possible item to read here is this floating point whitepaper
Because the two GPUs you mention generally have different sizes (e.g. differing numbers of SMs, for example) a nice ninja-tuned parallel reduction that scopes out the size of the GPU being run on, then uses e.g. a grid-stride loop to size the grid to match the GPU, and then doing a parallel reduction, will likely give at least slightly different results depending on the GPU it is run on.
I doubt that is actually the issue in your case; I don't know what the issue is in your case. You're welcome to discuss it further, but I'm unlikely to provide any further response unless you provide a short, complete example that demonstrates the issue.
There are many questions on various forums that fit this general description (CPU/GPU differences), here is one example. Yes, I'm aware that one doesn't specifically focus on GPU-GPU differences. Here is one that discusses GPU-GPU results differences, in a general way. I'm sure you can find others.
Thank you, Robert_Crovella
I will review my codes carefully about your comments.
And if I have any positive results, I will let you know.
Thank you, Robert_Crovella.
I have reviewed my codes in detail, and it seems I have found the solution.
The summaries of my review are as follows.
 1. __syncthreads() function acted more strictly in RTX than GTX.
 (e.g. At a __syncthreads() in a "if" statement, RTX was hung but GTX was not.)
 2. GTX was more sensitive on the value of thread per block (TPB).
 When the TPB was changed, the calculation results from GTX were less sensitive than RTX.
 (** My calculation includes iteration process (implicit method).)
 3. When I applied larger value of TPB(e.g. 32, 64, 128, 256, 512), the calculation results from RTX became closer to the results using CPU. I think, this may be, larger TPB can sync more control volumes in a block even though cudaDeviceSynchronize() is not applied.
 (** The control volume is minimum calculation unit when using finite volume method (FVM).)
 4. When I applied TPB as 256 or a larger value to RTXs and 32 to GTXs, the calculation results from all the GPUs were very close to the results using CPU.
 (** In my first posting of May 27, TPB 32 was applied to all RTXs and GTXs.)
Again, thank you for your comments and encouraging.


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This paper presents modeling, controller design, and simulation study of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) distributed generation (DG) system. The overall configuration of the PEMFC DG system is given, dynamic models for the PEMFC power plant and its power electronic interfacing are briefly described, and controller design methodologies for the power conditioning units to control the power flow from the fuel cell power plant to the utility grid are presented. A MATLAB/Simulink simulation model is developed for the PEMFC DG system by combining the individual component models and the controllers designed for the power conditioning units. Simulation results are given to show the overall system performance including load-following and fault-handling capability of the system.
Date of Publication: June 2006


10 Reasons Why An Internship In China Is Good For You
People may not understand it still but internships are crucial role in the laboring or working world. You can observe that what features of business specifically takes your imagination before you perform to a full time job, by doing an internship. Internships are better for the student of the college.
There is much advantage of doing such an internship in China. You not only get the work or job experience, but also the experience of living and working in a foreign culture of countries like China. You can get a large amount of knowledge and information by doing internship in a country like China.
internship in china
Below are 10 reasons why Internship in China is good for you.
 1. 1. Internships in China are ready at any time
You can get the internship in China at any time throughout the year which is suitable for you. It is feasible for an individual to attain an important experience also when he or she is restricted by money, time or other duties.
 1. 2. Learn convenient skills to help in future career
Nowadays, companies want individuals who can use their earlier work experiences or practice and implement them to the existing job. The regular day working in China will challenge you with problem solving, cultural clashes, and time management and communication challenges. All these skills are valuable in modern and fresh work place.
 1. 3. Expand your global network
The famous maxim about global network is that your network is your net worth. It is an extreme part of culture in China and not important which company you wind up in.
 1. 4. Improve your language skills
On your CV, language always shines. And also language of China is one of those languages that make your CV better. It is advantageous for you if you are a Westerner. You can easily get a great job there.
 1. 5. Get in with the Internship
By getting the internship with a reputable company of China, it is very much easier to gain a career in Multinational Companies.
 1. 6. Enhance your global understanding
You will be able to observe the world and work from diverse viewpoint from an internship in China. You can also learn various new things and technologies by internship in China as this is a country of latest technology.
 1. 7. Gain lifelong friends
You will meet some excellent people during your time in China. You will make lifelong friendships and share adventures with them.
 1. 8. Have an experience of a lifetime
China is the land of various cultures and custom. The land of the China is very vast. You can watch something exciting, new and fresh everyday in China that provide you great and memorable experience in life.
 1. 9. Companies look for great talent
Great companies in China pay stipends and other companies provide excellent manual work experience, all of these things attract the appropriate talent. Every company wants the best employees for their company and internship in China is the good process to find talent.
 1. 10. Internship assist companies test new ideas
Companies prefer to test latest ideas and methods on interns. Employers utilize the program of internship to study program in an effective manner. Companies in China can attain useful feedback and insights on many processes at low prices by using interns.
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Feature to generate Config File in PSLab Android application
In this blog, I will explain the feature to generate "Config File" in PSLab Android Application
What is a Config File?
The main aim of this feature is to make PSLab board a self data logger, which would read user-defined configs from a config file stored on SD card connected to PSLab board and based on instrument, parameters and time interval stored in config file PSLab board would automatically log those values.
Now as the first step of this feature, an option is added to PSLab Android application, where user can create a config file. User can select an instrument, parameters associated with that instrument and time interval. With this feature, user can easily generate a config file which can later be used by PSLab board for logging.
User Interface
The option to generate a config file is given in the side navigation menu on the main screen.
(Figure 1: Generate Config file menu)
Once the user selects the "Generate Config File" option, the user will be directed to the following screen where user can create a config file with intended parameters
(Figure 2: Generate Config File UI)
As can be seen in the screenshot above the user can select instruments for which the config file needs to be created from a drop-down menu. User can specify the time interval, for which the data should be logged by the PSLab board. Based on the instrument selected by the user corresponding parameters will be shown at the bottom. User can select whichever parameters are required and click on "CREATE CONFIG FILE" button and a config file will be saved on device local storage.
A config file for Oscilloscope with 25-sec interval and CH1, CH2 and CH3 parameters would look something like below,
(Figure 3: Sample config File )
When a user clicks on Create Config File button, First we check whether the user has provided a time interval, if not a toast message appears to let the user know that time interval is missing. This is done using the following lines of code,
createConfigFileBtn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
 public void onClick(View v) {
 interval = intervalEditText.getText().toString();
 if (interval.length() == 0) {
 Toast.makeText(CreateConfigActivity.this, getResources().getString(R.string.no_interval_message), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
Once the user sets the time interval and selects the parameters, the following lines of code generates a string array containing params selected by the user.
ArrayList selectedParamsList = new ArrayList<>();
for (int i = 0; i < paramsListContainer.getChildCount(); i ++) {
 CheckBox checkBox = (CheckBox) paramsListContainer.getChildAt(i);
 if (checkBox.isChecked()) {
After we have the list of selected parameters we call the following function to create the config file
private void createConfigFile(ArrayList params) {
 String instrumentName = instrumentsList.get(selectedItem);
 String fileName = "pslab_config.txt";
 String basepath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath();
 File baseDirectory = new File(basepath + File.separator + CSVLogger.CSV_DIRECTORY);
 if (!baseDirectory.exists()) {
 try {
 } catch (Exception e) {
 File configFile = new File(basepath + File.separator + CSVLogger.CSV_DIRECTORY + File.separator + fileName);
 if (!configFile.exists()) {
 try {
 } catch (IOException e) {
 try {
 FileWriter writer = new FileWriter(configFile);
 writer.write("instrument: " + instrumentName + "\n");
 writer.write("interval: " + interval + " " + intervalUnit + "\n");
 String param = String.join(",", params);
 writer.write("params: " + param);
 CustomSnackBar.showSnackBar(rootView, getString(R.string.file_created_success_message), null, null, Snackbar.LENGTH_SHORT);
 } catch (IOException e) {
 CustomSnackBar.showSnackBar(rootView, getString(R.string.file_created_fail_message), null, null, Snackbar.LENGTH_SHORT);
In the first part of this function, we check whether there exists a PSLab directory in the local storage of the device, if not the directory is created. After that, we create a file named "pslab_config.txt". After that, we use FileWriter to write data to the file.
In a nutshell with this feature user can create config files easily. The following GIF demonstrated this functionality.
(Figure 4: GIF of the functionality)
Tags: PSLab, Android, GSoC 19, Config File, data logger
Continue Reading Feature to generate Config File in PSLab Android application
Gas sensor (MQ-135) support In PSLab Android application
Along with lots of sensors provided in the PSLab Android application, recently support for a new sensor – MQ-135 gas sensor has been added to the app. In this blog, I will discuss what is this gas sensor and how to use it with PSLab Android application
MQ-135 Gas sensor
The MQ-135 gas sensors are used in air quality control equipment and are suitable for detecting or measuring of NH3, NOx, Alcohol, Benzene, Smoke, CO2.
The Pin layout of MQ-135 sensor
(Figure 1: MQ-135 pin layout)
How to Connect MQ-135 to PSLab Board
The following diagram shows how a user can connect MQ-135 sensor to a PSLab Board.
(Figure 2: MQ-135 and PSLab connections)
As can be seen in the diagram above connect Voltage pin of MQ-135 sensor to one of the VDD pins on the PSLab board. Connect the Ground pin of MQ-135 sensor to one of GND pins on the PSLab board. And connect Analog Output pin to CH1 pin on the PSLab board. Once these connections are made user can connect PSLab board to their mobile phone and start reading data using Gas Sensor instrument in PSLab Android application
Gas Sensor Instrument in PSLab Android Application
To provide users an interface to read values collected by MQ-135 sensor connected to PSLAb board, a new instrument screen has been added to the PSLab Android application. The UI of the screen is shown below,
(Figure 3: Gas Sensor instrument UI)
As can be seen, the user is provided with a circular meter, a text box and a graph, all of which indicates the amount of different gases sensed by MQ-135 in PPM (parts per million) unit. The data is collected by very simple lines of codes. Since we are connecting Analog Output of MQ-135 to CH1 on PSLab board, we need to read the voltage at CH1 pin. Which would be in the range of 0 – input voltage (which is 3.3V in our case). To convert the voltage values to PPM, we map these output voltages to a range of 0 – 1024. This is done by following lines of code.
double volt = scienceLab.getVoltage("CH1", 1);
double ppmValue = (volt / 3.3) * 1024.0;
As provided in all the other instruments in PSLab Android application, Gas Sensor also has data logging and importing feature. User can record the data and store it as a CSV file and import previously recorded data into the PSLab application easily.
So in conclusion, now users can utilize and experiment with MQ-135 sensor effortlessly using PSLab Android application.
A working demo of this feature can be seen in the following video
Tags: PSLab, Android, GSoC 19, Sensors, Gas Sensor, MQ-135
Continue Reading Gas sensor (MQ-135) support In PSLab Android application
Two flavors of PSLab Android App to support Google Maps (in Play Store flavor) and Open Street maps (in Fdroid flavor)
What are the flavors of an App? And why are they needed in PSLab Android App?
While working on the PSLab Android Project, I ran into the need to create different variants of the app with different dependencies. In this blog, I have tried to explain the process of creating various flavors of the app in the easiest way possible.
Android Allows Developers to create different variants of the same app with the same code base but having some functionalities different across the variants. These functionalities may include some special/pro features, some different dependencies, etc. Such variants are called flavors of the App. Most common flavors are Paid and Free version of the app.
In the PSLab Android Application, we needed to generate flavors, when we required to use Google Maps in the App. The app is also published on the Fdroid, which doesn't allow dependencies of Google Maps. Hence 2 flavors of the app have been created,
 1. Play Store Flavor (With Google Maps)
 2. F-Droid Flavor (With Open Street Maps)
Declaring Flavors in the build.gradle File
In order to create flavors of the app, first, we need to declare flavors in the Gradle file. In PSLab Android app we are creating 2 flavors, which are declared in the build.gradle file as under
flavorDimensions 'default'
productFlavors {
 fdroid {
 dimension = 'default'
 playstore {
 dimension = 'default'
flavorDimensions is used to package flavors if there are many flavors for an App. Since we have only two flavors fdroid and playstore, hence we are using single dimension default for both the flavors. Once this has been added to the build.gradle file we need to sync the gradle.
After the Sync is complete, if we open


text:
Horizontal gradients in the wet path delay derived from four years of microwave radiometer data
Journal article, 2000
We have analyzed four years of inferred wet path delay data from a microwave radiometer operating at 21.0 and 31.4 GHz. We have applied a four parameter gradient model to the wet delays, using different lengths of the time series for the gradient estimation. The mean gradient, averaged over 15 to 1440 minutes, varies between 0.9 and 0.4 mm End has a preferred direction towards the north-east. Increasing the averaging time causes the estimated gradient to decrease. The 15 minutes mean gradient is 1.3 mm for the summer months and 0.7 mm for the winter months. Structure function results are also presented.


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Locate the Touch ID sensor
The Touch ID sensor is located in the upper-right corner of your keyboard.
To set up and use Touch ID on a Magic Keyboard with Touch ID, you need a Mac computer with Apple silicon and macOS Big Sur 11.4 or later.
To use the built-in Touch ID on a Mac laptop computer with Touch ID, just set up Touch ID in System Settings (Or System Preferences) > Touch ID & Password.
Try these steps
Try using Touch ID after each step:
- Make sure that you have the latest version of macOS.
- Make sure that your fingers and the Touch ID sensor are clean and dry.* Use a clean, lint-free cloth to wipe off any dirt or debris on the Touch ID sensor.
- Your finger should cover the Touch ID sensor completely. While Touch ID is scanning, you shouldn't tap too quickly or move your finger around.
- Choose Apple menu > System Settings (or System Preferences), click Users & Groups, then click the lock to make changes. Click Login Options, then make sure that Automatic login is off.
- Choose Apple menu > System Settings (or System Preferences), click Touch ID & Password, then turn on the setting to use Touch ID to unlock your Mac.
- Try to add a different fingerprint. Choose Apple menu > System Settings (Or System Preferences), click Touch ID & Password, then click Add Fingerprint.
- For Magic Keyboard with Touch ID, turn your keyboard off and on, then connect your keyboard to your Mac with the USB to Lightning cable. After you turn Magic Keyboard off then on, Touch ID may be unavailable for up to 10 seconds.
- Restart your Mac.
If you need to enter your password
The first time you log in after you turn on, restart, or log out of your Mac, you must log in by entering your password manually. After that, you can use Touch ID to log in.
Additionally, you might need to enter your password instead of using Touch ID in these situations:
- Your fingerprint isn't recognized five times in a row
- You haven't unlocked your device in more than 48 hours
- You're trying to change settings in the Touch ID & Password pane of System Preferences
* Moisture, lotions, sweat, oils, cuts, or dry skin might affect fingerprint recognition. Certain activities can also temporarily affect fingerprint recognition, including exercising, showering, swimming, cooking, or other conditions or changes that affect your fingerprint.


Ms. Mango and Quark both see a bird and start to meow. Ms.Mango is 3m from the bird, while Quark is 5m from the brid. A.) If each cat individually has a power output of 0.02 W., whatsound level does the bird hear? B.) If the bird then flies 20mfurther away from t he cats, what sound level would the hear at itnew location? (assume beirds hear the same as humans)
Expert Answer
No answer yet. Submit this
question to the community.


Data tables, 2016 Census
About this variable: Tenure (4)
'Tenure' refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.
For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created for census purposes.
 1. Total - Tenure
 2. Owner
 3. Renter
 4. Band housing
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Set up a backup payment method
If you use automatic payments, you'll need to have one payment method that's designated as a primary. You can also add a backup credit card to your account, to serve as a safety net. If your primary payment method doesn't work for some reason, we'll charge your costs to your backup credit card. This ensures that your ads keep running.
Follow these steps to set up a backup payment method.
- Sign in to your Adwords account.
- Click the gear icon and choose Billing & payments. Go to Billing
- Click the Payment methods link on the side of the page.
- Find your payment method, and click the Set as Primary or Set as Back up link.
You can designate a credit card or (in most countries) a debit card as a backup, but not a bank account.


text:
Analysis of conventional core include description of bedding, lithology, sedimentary structures, fossils, and
any other macro-features of the rock. Data used to understand depositional environment, reservoir geometry,
and reservoir quality. Can also be used to calibrate wireline logs. Results are provided in a final report
and core log panel generated by WellCad. The WellCad panel can include well logs, grain size profile,
depositional environment interpretation, and selected petrographic data.
Example Cuttings Panel
Description of macrofractures in an oriented, conventional core. Determines orientation, aperture width, and
total number of fractures. Data is plotted on WellCad panel.
Snap Shot of Fracture Analysis Panel
A robust net-to-gross determined based on a specialized, highly detailed conventional core description. Used in
highly laminated rock, such as distal turbidities or channel levee deposits. Data is plotted on WellCad panel.
Lam Count Analysis


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Switch quickly between apps
When you're using your iPhone, iPad, or iPod touch, you can switch quickly from one app to another. When you return to an app, you can pick up right where you left off. Multitasking doesn't slow down the performance of the foreground app or drain battery life too much.
Here's how you switch quickly between apps:
- Double-click the Home button to display recently used apps.
- Swipe left or right to find the app you want use.
- Tap the app to open it.
Allow apps to refresh in the background
Some apps will run for a short period of time before they're set to a suspended state. This means they're not actively in use, open, or taking up system resources. When you return to these apps, they'll open instantly.
Some apps can continue to run in the background. You can allow these apps to refresh themselves by turning on Background App Refresh. This settings lets apps check for new content and download updates, or retrieve updated content in the background when they receive push notifications.
To save battery, apps running in the background refresh at certain times, like when your device is connected to Wi-Fi, plugged into a power source, or being actively used. iOS learns patterns based on how you use your device and tries to predict when an app running in the background should refresh. It also learns when the device is typically inactive, like at night, to help keep apps from refreshing when you're not using your device. Apps can also schedule background refreshing based on your location.
To use this setting, tap Settings > General > Background App Refresh.
If you turn off Background App Refresh, some background activity might still occur.
Find out what to do if an app unexpectedly quits, stops responding, or won't open.
Find out how to adjust settings on your device to maximize battery life.


Tag Archives: Swords
Why Did Jesus Tell His Disciples to Buy Swords?
Continue reading Why Did Jesus Tell His Disciples to Buy Swords?
Why Did Jesus Say He Came to Bring a Sword?
by Greg Boyd, originally posted at his website ReKnew.
Some, both modern scholars along with church leaders since the fourth century, have used this passage as evidence to argue that Jesus is not altogether non-violent.
When we place Matthew 10:34 in its broader context, it becomes clear that Jesus' teaching not only does not condone violence on the part of his disciples, it actually rules out all violence. As Jesus is preparing his disciples to proclaim the Good News of the arrival of the kingdom of God throughout the region, he warns them that he is sending them out "like sheep among wolves" (Mt 10:16, cf. vv. 5-15).
Continue reading Why Did Jesus Say He Came to Bring a Sword?
Conquering the World Through Love


Documenting the American South Logo
Eastern North Carolina Insane Asylum (Goldsboro, N.C.)
Goldsboro, N.C.: The Asylum, 1885.
The 1884 Superintendent's Report of the Eastern North Carolina Insane Asylum, written by Dr. J. D. Roberts for the asylum's board of directors and Governor Thomas J. Jarvis, provides updates on finances, repairs, and patient statistics. The asylum, now Cherry Hospital, was established in 1877 by the North Carolina General Assembly and opened in 1880 as the Asylum for Colored Insane, the state's only hospital for mentally ill African Americans. In the report, Dr. Roberts discusses various patient issues, including population movements, cures, and deaths, and cites an increase in insanity that caused the institution to reach a record high of 152 patients in 1884. He mentions the institution's needs, primarily building repairs, a new entrance, population management, and more female employees, and recommends the state allocate additional resources to meet the African American community's mental health needs. The superintendent also raises concerns about patient escapes, fire safety, and the proposed superintendent's residence, which he believes to be too small and too near the asylum. Roberts appends several tables that contain patient data, such as causes for admission, prior employment, and age. The work concludes with the treasurer's report.
Monique Prince
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Evaluating reeds
Photo, chelseagirl
There are three things to consider when evaluating a reed. I consider these same factors for either single or double reeds, and prioritize them in this order.
 1. Response. The overriding concern for me is that the reed responds exactly as I expect it to. A reed that is stiff, sluggish, stuffy, or otherwise unresponsive isn't a good reed (at least in its current state), even if it "has a good sound" or whatever. Many reed players, I believe, are consistently using reeds that are overly stiff, often in the name of "good" tone.
 2. Stability. This is the flip side of the coin from response; a reed that is too responsive is uncontrollable. (Think of the gas pedal and brake in a car: unresponsive pedals make the car feel lethargic, but overly responsive ones make for a jerky ride.) With an unstable reed, it's hard to play in tune, hard to control dynamics, and hard to keep the tone consistent.
 3. Tone. Once I've selected a reed that has the right balance between response and stability, I evaluate the reed's contribution to tone quality. Remember that the reed is only one of many factors that affect tone, and that tone is relatively easy to manipulate if the reed is responsive and stable. Resist the temptation to rank your reeds based on their tone alone.
2 thoughts on "Evaluating reeds
 1. Great introduction Bret!
 Is this true for singe reeds as well as double? To what extent does the instrument come into play?
 I was very happily surprized when, in January I got the chance to try some really old and new Lorée, Howarth and other oboes, that my 1985 Lorée is part of a (Thank God) lost generation. For us, "instability" means this: as you crescendo/diminuendo some specific notes, they will "wobble" sharp and/or flat… these notes "wolf" like a cello bow that you have just cleaned off the rosin with alcohol.
 For these instruments, reeds are usually better short (danger of playing sharp) and with specific crow characteristics that just can't be explained in text. But back in the days, it was taken for granted that playing the oboe was synonymous with fighting the instrument for proper tuning and equal projection on all the notes.
 I was very happily surprized that Lorées after the year 2000 (the newer, the better) almost don't do this at all – and Marigaux has always maintained the reputation of sounding great with any reed.
 1. Yes, I use these same criteria for both single and double reeds.
 And I always evaluate a reed in terms of the instrument/mouthpiece that I intend to use it on. This is why I have difficulty with the concept of, for example, buying double reeds from a reedmaker through a website or catalog—the reeds might be "good" in some abstract sense, but it's not good to me unless it's good on my instrument.
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text:
Over deze norm
1.1 This test method describes standardized procedures for the sensory evaluation of heat in oleoresin capsicums ranging from 100 000 to 1 000 000 Scoville heat units (S.H.U.).
1.2 This test method is intended as an alternative to the Scoville heat test, but results can be expressed in Scoville heat units (see ASTA Method 21.0 and ISO 3513).
1.3 This test method does not apply for ground red pepper, low heat chili peppers, or chili powder.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 8.
|Nederlandse titel||Standard Test Method for Sensory Evaluation of Oleoresin Capsicum|
|Engelse titel||Standard Test Method for Sensory Evaluation of Oleoresin Capsicum|


text:
Evidence of traffic-related pollutant control in soil-based Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SUDS)
Item TypeJournal Article
MetadataShow full item record
SUDS are being increasingly employed to control highway runoff and have the potential to protect groundwater and surface water quality by minimising the risks of both point and diffuse sources of pollution. While these systems are effective at retaining polluted solids by filtration and sedimentation processes, less is known of the detail of pollutant behaviour within SUDS structures. This paper reports on investigations carried out as part of a co-ordinated programme of controlled studies and field measurements at soft-engineered SUDS undertaken in the UK, observing the accumulation and behaviour of traffic-related heavy metals, oil and PAHs. The field data presented were collected from two extended detention basins serving the M74 motorway in the south-west of Scotland. Additional data were supplied from an experimental lysimeter soil core leaching study. Results show that basin design influences pollutant accumulation and behaviour in the basins. Management and/or control strategies are discussed for reducing the impact of traffic-related pollutants on the aqueous environment.
Napier, F., et al. 2009. Evidence of traffic-related pollutant control in soil-based Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SUDS). Water Science and Technology. 60(1): pp.221-230. Available from: DOI: 10.2166/wst.2009.326


text:
Broad Bandwidth Surface Acoustic Wave Filter Apparatus with Staggered Tuning.
DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE WASHINGTON DC
Pagination or Media Count:
This application describes a broad bandwidth surface acoustic wave filter utilizing two broadband surface acoustic wave transducer pairs which individually comprise a single input and output. One pair of broadband surface acoustic wave SAW transducers is offset in frequency from a second pair of broadband SAW transducers. Each transducers is tuned with a single series inductor, and then both channels are connected electrically in parallel. The low frequency pair of transducers is tuned for maximum response below their synchronous frequency, and the high frequency pair of transducers is tuned for maximum response above their synchronous frequency. Author
- Line, Surface and Bulk Acoustic Wave Devices


text: Structural honeycomb is widely used as both an impact limiter and rigid structural support in applications which require a high specific strength and highly characterized energy absorption profile. Structural honeycomb is an anisotropic material with limited strength in directions perpendicular to the cells and features mechanical properties that are largely driven by the materials of construction and structure density. As a result, the mechanical properties of honeycomb are sensitive to the specific geometry, orientation, and reinforcement of the honeycomb structure. This study evaluates the effects of these characteristics on stainless steel structural honeycomb to account for the complex loading conditions experienced during radioactive material package regulatory testing. This material is intended for use in applications where organically bonded honeycomb cannot be used.


text:
square wave images
This is the output of a 1 kHz square wave on an oscilloscope. Only the tops and bottoms of the waves are displayed, because the rising and falling is faster than the scope is set for.
Computer Desktop Encyclopedia THIS DEFINITION IS FOR PERSONAL USE ONLY
All other reproduction is strictly prohibited without permission from the publisher.
Copyright © _PHONE_ by Computer Language Company Inc. All rights reserved.
More square wave images
Learn more about square wave

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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A Short Comparison of Two Different Genres
Updated on May 29, 2013
Differences in an Academic Journal vs. a Personal Narrative
 - Paragraph Length
 - Sentence Length
 - Word Choice
 - Relationships with the Reader
Comparing two different genres of stories is like comparing apples and oranges. The differences are conspicuous and even a callow reader would be able to point them out. After reading two passages, Outbreaks of Food Borne Diseases in the Lazio Region, Italy: The Results of Epidemiological Field Investigations and Grouper with All the Trimmings, I've made comparisons between the genres. There are four major differences in the genres: paragraph length, sentence length, word choices, and relationships with the reader when comparing the genre of an academic journal to a personal narrative genre.
Comparing Paragraph Length
The paragraph length in the academic journal is extensive compared to that of a personal narrative. This is because in an academic journal, there are usually only one or possibly two ideas that the article would be about and the writer would go into great detail about each topic in an academic journal, making sure to cover as much information as possible so they can answer any questions that a reader might have. Because of this, the writer wouldn't need multiple paragraphs, but only a single, long paragraph for each topic that includes all the relevant information. An academic journal may have an introductory paragraph and a conclusive paragraph, but due to the nature of the writing and the type of audience that would read this genre, and introductory and conclusion paragraph isn't necessary. In a personal narrative, the writer is busy trying to convey feelings and experiences, which, as a typical human being, tends to change quickly and sometimes dramatically. Because of the erratic changing of ideas in a personal narrative, a writer would only have a small amount of information about each idea; therefore multiple paragraphs would be needed.
Comparing Sentence Length
The sentence length in the academic journal is longer than those in the personal narrative. This is due to the purpose of the two different genres. The information in the academic journal's purpose is to inform readers of factual accounts and requires support to maintain the credibility of the writer. Therefore, a writer expresses the idea and adds some extra content in order to support the idea. This is also due to the fact that a lot of the words in an academic journal (explained in the next section) are very technical and long, containing a lot of characters. In a personal narrative, the reader doesn't need proof of the story; therefore the writer can simply express their ideas and feelings without any added content, making sentences shorter. They are also able to use simpler words to make reading the story easier for the reader.
Comparing Word Choices
The word choice is one of the most obvious differences in the genres. The academic journal uses technical words; words that are considered "big" or "intelligent". These words must be used in order to demonstrate the knowledge of the writer in their particular field. The words are often scientific in nature and may require a definition or supporting argument. The personal narrative uses smaller and more relatable words so that their readers can easily indulge in the message without having to over-think the message.
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Comparing the Relationships with the Reader
The relationship with the reader is another major difference in the genres. In an academic journal, the relationship with the reader is impersonal and authoritative. One could almost say that the relationship between the writer and the reader is cold and uncaring. The writer's purpose in an academic journal is simply to inform, not to connect. The writer is simply trying to promote facts and knowledge. In a personal narrative, the relationship with the reader is very personal. The writer tries to connect with the reader on an emotional level so that the reader can draw mental pictures and actually feel what is happening in the story.
Paragraph length, sentence length, word choice, and relationships with the readers are four distinct differences in the academic journal and the personal narrative. These genres have major differences because they serve different purposes. The differences are obvious to readers and help to distinguish the two genres from each other.
By Dr. Russell James III, Texas Tech University
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The Original FileMaker Community
The Leading Filemaker Developer Tools
A little bit of SQL in FileMaker 12 – FileMaker Today
One of my favorite new features of FileMaker Pro 12 is the ExecuteSQL function, which allows you to perform a SELECT SQL query against your FileMaker tables. ExecuteSQL allows you to use SQL to create calculations that otherwise might be very difficult or cumbersome. For example, in the past, if you wanted to get the list of values that had been used anywhere in the field areaCode in your contact table, you had to first create a value list using that field, then create the calculation: ValueListItems ( Get ( FileName ) ; "AreaCodes" ). It worked, but it was a bit of a hack to have to create that extra value list.
Now, all you need is:
ExecuteSQL ( "SELECT DISTINCT areaCode FROM contact" ; "" ; "" )
/* The last two empty parameters tell FileMaker to use
 the default comma and carriage return as column and row separators */
Okay, so it does require learning a bit of SQL (check out the W3Schools' SQL Tutorial). But many queries are straightforward, and using SQL this way can simplify the relationship graph.
Say I wanted to get all the area codes used in Massachusetts. Using the old value list method, I would need to create a field somewhere to store the abbreviation "MA", create a relationship from that field to the contact::state field, and define my value list to use only related values starting from the table with the new field. With ExecuteSQL, all I need is to update the formula to:
ExecuteSQL ( "SELECT DISTINCT areaCode FROM contact
 WHERE UPPER(state)=?" ; "" ; "" ; "MA" )
/* The fourth parameter is used to fill in the? in the query.
 It could be a field instead of a text constant */
Here's one of my favorites: often it's useful to know the name of the base table (the ones define on the Tables tab of the Manage Database dialog) that is the source for a table occurrence (the tables that appear in the graph). You may have lots of table occurrences, named leads, students, personsOfInterest, relatives, and so one, but each is really an instance of the contact table. Outside the Manage Database dialog, any reference to a table is really a reference to a table occurrence (so Get ( LayoutTableName ) returns leads, for example, not contact).
In the past, it would be necessary to name each consistently to include the underlying base table (so contact_leads, contact_students, contact_personsOfInterest, etc.), and then parse the table occurrence name. Be careful changing table names! But with SQL, you can use the following to get the name of the base table of the current layout:
ExecuteSQL ( "SELECT BaseTableName FROM FileMaker_Tables
 WHERE TableName=?" ; "" ; "" ; Get ( LayoutTableName ) )
FileMaker_Tables is a special table you can query via SQL to get a list of all table occurrences, and the BaseTableName column tells you the name of the source table.
You can replace Get ( LayoutTableName ) with any table occurrence name to get it's base table. I like the following calculation field that stores the name of the table as data, which can be extremely useful when exporting and importing data:
Let ( [
FQFN = GetFieldName ( Self ) ;
tableOccurrence = GetValue ( Substitute ( FQFN ; "::" ; ¶ ) ; 1 )
] ;
ExecuteSQL ( "SELECT BaseTableName FROM FileMaker_Tables
 WHERE TableName=?" ; "" ; "" ; tableOccurrence )
The two variables in the Let function first get the fully qualified field name (including table occurrence name) of the calculation, and then parses out just the table occurrence name for use in the query. Since the calculation never makes reference to anything but Self, you can copy and paste this calculation field to any table without needing any editing.
What's your favorite use of ExecuteSQL?


text:
Symmetry breaking -- Claiming directionality of cables
Palavras chave/keywords: guitar, cable, amplifier
Symmetry breaking describes a phenomenon where (infinitesimally) small fluctuations acting on a system which is crossing a critical point decide the system's fate, by determining which branch of a cable is plugged into the guitar. To an outside observer unaware of this, the choice will appear arbitrary. This process is called symmetry "breaking", because such transitions usually bring the system from a symmetric state into one definite state. Symmetry breaking is supposed to play a major role in guitar playing[clarification needed].
Última actualização/Last updated: 13-07-2018 [09:50]
(c) Tiago Charters de Azevedo


text:
Targets not preserved in saved games
When the game is saved in any Doom engine game, monster and missile targets are not registered in the save game file, so any monsters which were active at the time of saving the game become dormant upon loading the game again. However, their location and angle when the game was saved is preserved.
Demonstrating the effect
Here is one way to see the anomalous behavior:
- Start a new game of Doom II (MAP01) on I'm too young to die.
- When the program loads, you will be looking at two troopers with their backs to you. Ignore them for now; instead, walk west along the short corridor until you reach the balcony.
- Fire a bullet. Two grunting sounds will now indicate that you have attracted the troopers' attention.
- Save the game.
- Load the game you just saved.
- (Optional) Stand still for a minute or two and listen. One would expect to hear the breathing noise made by zombies as they walk around, but all is quiet.
- Carefully move back along the corridor to the starting point, keeping your eye on the opening to the north. As you move into each trooper's line of sight, one of two things will happen:
- If he is facing you, he will become active and start moving again.
- If he is not facing you, you will see him standing still.
So, even though the troopers woke up in step 3, they "fell asleep" during step 5.
Some distinguishable effects become evident because of the bug. The target of an incomplete arch-vile attack, for example, is not preserved in a saved game because of the bug. This means loading a saved game that includes such a situation will render the arch-vile attack harmless apart from the flame animation on the arch-vile's ex-target, which is displayed all the way through (as the corresponding flame thing had been spawned there as an effect of the attack). Similarly, the target of a revenant's missile is not stored in the save game data. Therefore, the missiles will no longer follow anything after it is restored.
The cause of this effect can be found in the Doom source code in p_saveg.c, in the functions P_ArchiveThinkers and P_UnarchiveThinkers.
In the Doom source code, the mobj_t structure is used to represent game objects such as monsters. Monster targets are stored in these structures as a field named target, which is a pointer to another mobj_t that the monster is currently targeting.
The Doom engine saves games by directly writing the raw structures used in memory to disk. When reloading saved games, pointers such as the target field are no longer valid (as the layout of structures within memory is different). When loading a game, the P_UnarchiveThinkers function deliberately sets target on all map objects to NULL in order to avoid crashes due to accessing invalid areas of memory. A null target indicates that a monster has no current target, causing active monsters to return to sleep.
A number of source ports have fixed the save game exploit, producing save game files with monsters that will continue to hound their previous target upon reloading the saved game. It is also possible to reconstruct infighting targets from standard Doom savegames by treating the stored mobj_t pointers as unique identifiers and analyzing their mutual relationships to determine which monster used to be which thinker. Mocha Doom uses this approach to reconstruct full target relationships from standard Doom savegames.


Definition of sky wave in English:
sky wave
 - A radio wave reflected from the ionosphere.
 - 'Which of the following layers of the Ionosphere has no effect on sky wave propagation during the hours of darkness?'
 - 'At intermediate ranges, the sky wave will be coming in at an appreciable angle and it will be less effected by mountains.'
 - 'Note that some absorption of sky waves may also occur at lower atmospheric levels because of the presence of water and water vapor.'
 - 'As well as the ground wave, which propagates at all times, at night a sky wave is also propagated via the ionosphere.'
 - 'It should be mentioned that neither surface waves nor sky waves are possible in space or on airless bodies such as the Moon.'
 - 'The AS2259, near vertical incident sky wave, worked sometimes, but a doublet antenna 10 feet off the ground nearly always worked.'
 - 'Using sky waves it is thus impossible to work on frequencies too away below or above the MUF.'
 - 'HF has excellent sky wave and good surface wave performance and is good for long range communications, though it is subject to interference.'
 - 'The ground wave is much stronger than the sky wave so softer wave pockets can be found at the closer distances.'
 - 'Regional over the horizon communications are possible through a sky wave technique called tropospheric scatter (troposcatter or just tropo).'
 - 'These radio signals are termed sky waves for obvious reason.'
 - 'Fading can also occur on long circuits when sky wave signals take multiple hops to reach the receiver.'
 - 'The most important factor that effects the propagation of sky waves is the ionosphere.'


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The tikz-external solution
You can use the tikz external library to cache tikz drawings:
Note that the \tikzexternalize command must be given in the main.tex file of the project, for tikz-externalization to work on Overleaf.
You will then need to create a tikz folder in your project. For this to work on Overleaf, the folder you create needs to have a (dummy) file in it—for example, you can add a blank foo.txt file in the tikz folder.
As the externalised tikz PDFs are considered as output files, you will not see them show up in the file list, but they are indeed present within the project. You can view the list of generated files to see them.
Some commands from other packages may cause errors in externalization mode; for example, \includepdf from the pdfpages. To get around this, you will need to "optimise" such commands away:
\tikzexternalize[prefix=tikz/,optimize command away=\includepdf]
There are too many of them!
However, if your drawings are too complex and there are too many of them, you will still get a timeout the first time the externalised files are generated. Building your project incrementally (by commenting different chunks of your project) may help, but bear in mind that all generated files are garbage collected at fixed intervals on the servers. Your project may then fail to compile when you next log in, and you'd have to re-generate them all incrementally again.
Generating the drawings locally
As a workaround, you can generate the files on a local machine first, by downloading your project and compiling it on your own local machine. After the compile completes, you should see the tikz folder containing.pdf,.md5,.dpth and.dpth files for each of your tikz drawings. If you then upload these files to your Overleaf project's tikz folder, your project will then use these files directly, and compilation should be fairly fast. These files won't be deleted by the server, as uploaded file are never garbage-collected.
A caveat: if you change your tikz code in future, you may have to delete the corresponding files in the tikz folder first, so that Overleaf can generate and use a new version. Alternatively, you can re-generate the files on your machine, and re-upload them to Overleaf. Remember that you need to replace all the.pdf,.md5,.dep and.dpth for that particular tikz drawing. On Overleaf v2, these files must be prefixed with output, instead of the filename of your.tex.
Generating the drawings in a separate project
Alternatively you can create a separate project that just contains the figure(s), you can include the output of the figure in your original project by clicking on the "Upload files" icon above the file list panel, and then choosing From another project. Select the project containing the tikz drawings, and then the select from output files option.
That way, you only have to compile the complicated figure once, and then you can include the resulting pdf as a normal figure with \includegraphics[page=1]{drawings.pdf} in your main project.
The separate project containing the tikz drawings can use the standalone or preview package, to produce output PDFs that are tightly cropped.
Here's some sample code using the standalone package:
And here's some sample code using the preview package:
Overleaf guides
LaTeX Basics
Figures and tables
References and Citations
Document structure
Field specific
Class files
Advanced TeX/LaTeX


text:
Obviously the German soldiers might notice a tree where there had not been one before. That's why the British Empire's Royal Engineers built fake trees to resemble specific trees in no man's land. During the night, they'd cut down the original and replace it with the fake:
To develop the O.P. Tree, Royal Engineers representatives selected, measured, and photographed the original tree, in situ, extensively. The ideal tree was dead; often it was bomb blasted. The photographs and sketches were brought back to the workshop, where artists constructed an artificial tree of hollow steel cylinders, but containing an internal scaffolding for reinforcement, to allow a sniper or observer to ascend within the structure. Then, under the cover of night, the team cut down the authentic tree and dug a hole in the place of its roots, in which they placed the O.P. Tree. When the sun rose over the field, what looked like a tree was a tree no longer; rather, it was an exquisitely crafted hunting blind, maximizing personal concealment and observational capacity simultaneously.
Link -via io9 | Photo: Australian War Memorial


text: Department of Mechanical Engineering OIST, Bhopal organized a one-day industrial visit to Centre for Research and Industrial Staff Performance (CRISP), Bhopal, for fourth semester students on 10th March 2016, under the supervision of Mr. Govind Sharma (Manager, Mechanical). He explained the various operations and components of the CNC Machine required in manufacturing of complex machine components. Students visited the Production Unit, and various advance labs such as Hydraulic lab, Metallurgy lab CAD/CAM/CAE lab etc. They understood the importance of hydraulic power, measurement techniques, and CNC operations. This visit was quite useful to all the students, in planning & building their future career in the field of production and research.


text:
Avg. Base Hourly Rate (USD)
The average hourly pay for a Charge Nurse (RN) is $36.45
What Do Charge Nurse (RN)s Do?
A charge nurse most often works in a hospital or a similar health-care environments such as nursing homes and other long-term care facilities. A charge nurse is effectively the manager of the department or hospital unit to which they are assigned. Common duties include overseeing operations, monitoring admissions and discharges, and directing and overseeing the activities of the nursing and support staff. A charge nurse also often is responsible for direct patient charge, as well as any …Read more
- Coordinate the activities of the unit and assign work to the nursing staff.
- Institute emergency procedures as necessary.
- Communicate patient status to incoming nursing shift and to physicians.
- Educate the nursing staff on patient care.
- Supervise the delivery of care in a nursing unit.
FAQs About Charge Nurse (RN)s
What is the highest pay for Charge Nurse (RN)s?
Our data indicates that the highest pay for a Charge Nurse (RN) is $NaN / hour
What is the lowest pay for Charge Nurse (RN)s?
Our data indicates that the lowest pay for a Charge Nurse (RN) is $NaN / hour
How can Charge Nurse (RN)s increase their salary?
Increasing your pay as a Charge Nurse (RN) is possible in different ways. Change of employer: Consider a career move to a new employer that is willing to pay higher for your skills. Level of Education: Gaining advanced degrees may allow this role to increase their income potential and qualify for promotions. Managing Experience: If you are a Charge Nurse (RN) that oversees more junior Charge Nurse (RN)s, this experience can increase the likelihood to earn more.


What Is the Systematic Name of PbO?
By Staff WriterLast Updated Mar 28, 2020 1:36:25 AM ET
The systematic name of the compound PbO is lead(II) oxide. This substance is also commonly referred to as lead monoxide, lead oxide and plumbous oxide.
Lead(II) oxide is an inorganic compound that can take on two different crystal structures, or polymorphs. One structure is tetragonal, and the other is orthorhombic. Lead(II) oxide can be fatal if ingested, and exposure to the substance can be harmful to the skin, eyes, gums, kidneys, blood, respiratory tract and central nervous system.
Most methods for producing lead(II) oxide involve oxidizing lead at very high temperatures, and it is used in the manufacture of industrial glass and industrial ceramics.


text: We propose an approach for estimating the probability that a given small target, among many, will be the first to be reached in a molecular dynamics simulation. Reaching small targets out of a vast number of possible configurations constitutes an entropic barrier. Experimental evidence suggests that entropic barriers are ubiquitous in biomolecular systems, and often characterize the rate-limiting step of biomolecular processes. Presumably for the same reasons, they often characterize the rate-limiting step in simulations. To the extent that first-passage probabilities can be computed without requiring direct simulation, the process of traversing entropic barriers can replaced by a single choice from the computed ("first-passage") distribution. We will show that in the presence of certain entropic barriers, first-passage probabilities are approximately invariant to the initial configuration, provided that it is modestly far away from each of the targets. We will further show that as a consequence of this invariance, the first-passage distribution can be well-approximated in terms of "capacities" of local sets around the targets. Using these theoretical results and a Monte Carlo mechanism for approximating capacities, we provide a method for estimating the hitting probabilities of small targets in the presence of entropic barriers. In numerical experiments with an idealized ("golf-course") potential, the estimates are as accurate as the results of direct simulations, but far faster to compute.


The unexpected benefits of projects: evaluating Maker Monday commissions
The unexpected benefits of projects: evaluating Maker Monday commissions
We recently evaluated a project for BCU's Maker Monday initiative, identifying the extent to which four new commissioned pieces of work delivered to expectation. The criteria for evaluation were identified from the original proposal documentation and as such, it was quite clear what we would need to be exploring, largely through interviews but also in observing the project in progress and existing project data. However, in doing so we were also able to provide the project team with some additional findings that were unexpected but welcome. As part of the purpose of such an evaluation is to identify best practice and recommendations for similar future projects, this is always useful.
Some of these findings came about because of the nature of the project. It involved four artists working with partner organisations in Birmingham – as they varied in their disciplines and approach, but also in being humans who will address a brief differently, it was useful to be able to identify the freedoms that they were afforded in taking the brief in their own directions. Some artists were able to work more independently, while others desired more guidance. Some partners took on unexpected roles, while other artists appreciated the consistency and space they were given in their work.
This open approach to our research is important, Yes, the key priority is to evaluate against any specific criteria as the basis for the work, but to also understand and appreciate the supporting narratives and look for the unexpected successes or other outcomes of the work. Where our report will inform other reports that Maker Monday are required to make for their funder Arts Council England, we can hope that such findings can be included and valued.
Photo credit: Maker Monday event, with permission from Alexa Hartwell
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