The Sitecore to Salesforce integration, S4S, includes a mapping wizard to support Sitecore 9 Experience forms. The new wizard is more advanced (see LinkedIn article) than what is currently available in the S4S WFFM mapping wizard. One nice feature is called the Salesforce Field Matching Rule that prevents duplicates occurring in Salesforce.
When pushing data to Salesforce (from a Sitecore Experience Form) we usually expect to insert a record, or update an existing one if a matching record exists. Before this can happen, we need to define what matching means, for example, in the case of creating Salesforce leads. You usually update a lead record if the email address matches but consider a family or group who share a single email address! If you need to capture them as individuals in Salesforce, the matching criteria would need to be an email address and first name.
Because businesses have complex matching requirements the S4S mapping wizard for Sitecore Experience Forms can allow multiple fields to be selected to ensure duplicates are not created in Salesforce.
In most cases, this feature makes it unnecessary to create a custom save action to eliminate de-duplication.


Italianate Style
historic view of Fort Mason commanding officer's residence
Fort Mason's commanding officer's residence, constructed in 1877 in the Italianate style.
History of the Style
The Italianate style, most prevalent in America between the 1850s and the 1880s, was inspired by rambling, informal Italian farmhouses and Italian-style villa architecture. The Italianate style placed an emphasis on the vertical orientation of the building, as if someone was pulling the top of the building up, and as if the building was made of putty, as it stretched upwards, the windows and door frames became narrower and attenuated. The dominant characteristic of the Italianate style was the low, overhanging roof with decorative eave brackets; there was often much decorative detail applied to the building just at the roof line. The windows were accentuated with thick, decorative hoods and the front entrances were often highlighted with a tower, a cupola or a projecting porch.
Italianate buildings were more playful and decorative than the earlier Greek Revival buildings and their floor plans designs were often asymmetrical. This style's popularity spread quickly across the country, partially as a result of newly-available building pattern books. These books, once considered too costly to reproduce, were now less expensive so families and builders alike could use them as reference manuals in designing their own buildings.
Italianate buildings at Golden Gate
While the civilian Italianate buildings in San Francisco were often wildly colorful and ornately decorated, the army's version of Italianate represented a more restrained and paired-down style. In both cases at the park - the Fort Mason Officers' Club and the Presidio Sutler's Buildingthe buildings were unique and not constructed from the standard army quartermaster plans. These two buildings were also originally constructed as residences and were both located in a highly visible part of their post.
The Fort Mason Officers' Club (Building 1), located on Franklin Street at Fort Mason, was originally built as the post's commanding officers' residence in 1877. This Italianate building has a hipped roof that extends past the buildings sides, with wooden decorated brackets. The windows are long and narrow and are outlined on all sides with thick moldings.
The Presidio Sutler's Building (Building 116) was built in 1885 as both a store and residence for the post's sutler, the man who sold goods and supplies to the soldiers. This building, located on Sheridan Road, has a hipped roof with a central, pedimented (triangular) element, decorative frieze under the roof line and a series of double pairs of multi-paned windows with decorative moldings. The building's design emphasizes its verticality.
(Return to the Guide of Architectural Styles at Golden Gate).
Fort Mason Officers' Quarters
The Italianate elements of the Fort Mason Officers' Club:
1. Overhanging roof with decorative eave brackets
2. Thick, decorative window moldings
3. Decorative frieze band at 2nd floor level
4. Projecting wood-frame "porte cochere" (car port)
historic photo of the Presidio sutlers building
This circa 1938 photo of the Presidio Sutler's Building shows the building's original Italianate features and the style's emphasis on verticality.
Did You Know?


text:
Definition of gypsy :
1. A cunning or crafty person
2. A darkcomplexioned person.
3. Alt. of Gipsy, moth
4. One of a vagabond race, whose tribes, coming originally from India, entered Europe in 14th or 15th centry, and are now scattered over Turkey, Russia, Hungary, Spain, England, etc., living by theft, fortune telling, horsejockeying, tinkering, etc. Cf. Bohemian, Romany.
5. Pertaining to, or suitable for, gypsies.
6. The language used by the gypsies.
7. To play the gypsy; to picnic in the woods.
- You mane a gypsy that rides round the counthry? - "Flamsted quarries", Mary E. Waller.
- But Will and Joe and the gypsy Puglioni went back to their gin, and robbed and cheated again in the tavern of foul repute, and knew not that in their sinful lives they had sinned one sin at which the Angels smiled. - "The Sword of Welleran and Other Stories", Lord Dunsany.
- The eyes of the stranger and the gypsy met. - "The Redemption of David Corson", Charles Frederic Goss.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Take the 2-minute tour ×
What does "no explicit time dependence" mean in this context? :
A symmetry of the KdV is given by $$\tilde x=x, \tilde t=t+\epsilon, \tilde u =u$$ as there is no explicit time dependence in the KdV.
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up vote 1 down vote accepted
In Physics, the notion of explicit time dependence denotes equations where the time parameter t occurs "freely" and not only as a $\frac{d}{dt}$. So an equation of the form $v(x)=a_0t+v_0$ is explicitly time dependent, but $a(x)=a_0$ is not.
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Thank you, Dominik. Just to confirm my understanding of your explanation: the partial derivative wrt $t$ does not count as explicitly time-dependent, only an actual factor of $t$ in the equation does? – Henry Nov 24 '12 at 19:59
That's right. Another commonly used word for this is that the equation is autonomous, a word which for unfathomable reasons doesn't appear in the wikipedia article on differential equations. – Harald Hanche-Olsen Nov 24 '12 at 20:24
Thank you, _USER_-Olsen! – Henry Nov 24 '12 at 21:45
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text:
(written from a Production point of view)
Jon Michael Picard was a French Human that lived during the 16th century. He was a descendant of Françoise de Picard and Madame de La Barre, and a far ancestor of the La Barre and Picard family, and Captain Jean-Luc Picard.
The article containing this information was included in the Picard family album during the filming of Star Trek Generations. However, the information is non-canon as the article was never seen on-screen.


Take the 2-minute tour ×
Suppose $h_1$ is collision resistant, and $h_2$ isn't.
Will $h(x)=h_2(h_1(x))$ always be collision resistant?
[Edited:] the output of h2 must be uniformly distributed
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Not always, but in practice it will often be even for relatively weak hashes $h_2$. The most important property required of $h_2$ is that preserves at least $2n$ bits of entropy, where $n$ is the target security level. (even that's not sufficient in pathological cases) – CodesInChaos Dec 3 '13 at 13:07
"Uniformly distributed" over what? $f(x)=0$ is uniformly distributed over its image of $\{0\}$. – figlesquidge Dec 3 '13 at 13:24
2 Answers 2
Obviously not. For example, the function $h2(x) = 0$ is not collision resistant, $h2(h1(x))$ shares that property.
This remains true even in less trivial cases; if $h2$ is not collision resistant because its output is too short (it has an $n$-bit output, with $2^{n/2}$ being small enough to do a search over), then $h2(h1(x))$ will also be too short
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Ironically, $H_2(x)$ is collision resistant if you assume the appropriate security claim for the output domain: $1$. – orlp Dec 3 '13 at 15:38
Will they always be collision resistant? No
For example, let $h_2(x)=0$. Then, $h(x)=h_2(h_1(x))=0$, which certainly isn't collision resistant.
Can it be collision resistant? Yes
For example, suppose we define $h_1(x)=\mathrm{SHA256}(x)$ and
$$ h_2(x)=\begin{cases} 0 & |x|=1 \\ \mathrm{SHA256}(x) & \mathrm{else} \end{cases} $$
Then, since the output of $|h_1(x)|=256$, the composition will leave: $$h(x)=\mathrm{SHA256}(\mathrm{SHA256}(x))$$ Which is believed to be collision resistant from the collision resistance of Sha256.
But what if $h_2$ is uniformly distributed across a'sensible' codomain? As before
I add the requirement that it must be uniformly distributed across a sensible codomain since I assume this clarification wishes to prohibit hash functions for which the target space is too small to possibly be secure)
We can trivially create two examples that demonstrate the above properties. Let $W=\{0,1\}^{256}$. Then, as before let $h_1$ be a cryptographically secure hash function, with $h_1 \colon \{0,1\}^* \to W$ (eg SHA256 as above). Define $h_2(x) = h_1(\mathrm{MSB_{256}}(x))$.
Then $h_2$ is not collision resistant (since for any $x\in W$ and $y\in\{0,1\}^*$ we have $h_2(x)=h_2(x||y)$), but as before $h(x)=h_1(h_1((x))$.
Defining $h_2(x) = h_1(\mathrm{LSB_{256}}(\mathrm{MSB}_{512}(x))$ (ie we extract bits 256->511) we get the composition $h(x)=0$ which is not collision resistant.
A slight issue here might be justifying $h_2$ is uniformly distributed, but this comes down to how you attach a distribution to the set of all random strings - ie the distribution taken by $\{0,1\}^*$
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Archive for June, 2012
June 25, 2012
I've pretty much wrung-out the possibilities of propagating by grafting, and wanted to delve into some other hard-to-propagate fruits, and so I've ventured into the rarefied air of plant tissue culture. Tissue Culture is growing embryonic plants from parts of the tree you wouldn't always think of for starting plants, like slices of the leaf. The sterile growing medium this cherry is in consists of tapioca starch, coconut milk, table sugar, minerals, vitamins, growth hormones, and a preservative. This clump will multiply and be divided into more jars, and continue to multiply until its time to change the hormone so it will grow roots. Photosynthesis is not necessary, as it bypasses the usual method of making food, where chlorophyll takes sunlight and water to make glucose. The plant takes up sugar directly from the medium and actually grows better in the dark. Gardening in a baby food jar with no bugs, no disease, no sunlight, and the end result is clean, vigorous plants; there's a lot to like about this.


Swarmmy Chair
The Swarmmy Chair is built up based on
Through the process of attract the swarm.
The swarm will drop the trail.
We use the Path of the swarm particles as the base to
build up the mesh.
The concept is that we build up the powerlines first,
then we set up the starting points for the swarm to them
attract to the powerlines.
The growing effect is like how the nature grows things.
The result could be rough or smooth based on the parameters of the mesh.
For the Line Based
rough mesh:
smooth Mesh:
Base on the Line, it can be some kind of the customize chair,
which designers and user can put their ideas to build up their
one and only


text:
Rolling Resistance (Fuel Efficiency)
Rolling resistance will use a classification from best performance (green category "A") through to the worst performance (red category "G") – category "D" is not being used.
Rolling resistance is the main key factor in measuring the energy efficiency of a tyre. It has direct influence on the fuel consumption of a vehicle. Fuel efficiency is important to reduce both CO2 emissions and the cost of driving.
The difference between each category means a reduction or increase in fuel consumption of between 2.5%-4.5%. That's a difference of about 0.42-0.56 mpg for a 36 mpg car per category.
This figure will increase even more for light and heavy trucks.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
History of Science Museum
The History of Science Museum covers the highlights of the historical aspect of science in Egypt during the Pharaonic and Hellenistic eras, as well as, during the golden age of the Arab Islamic world.
Press play for a virtual tour of the History of Science Musuem.
Back to History
Click on the presentations to view samples from the Museum content.


Differential Fluid Change Cost Guide
gear oil drop
In many cases, especially on all-wheel-drive vehicles, the correct fluid is determined not just by weight but according to manufacturer-specific specifications, such as on some Honda and BMW vehicles.
It's always important to consult the service manual and check the manufacturer's specifications. It is also a good idea to verify that a service facility has done so and is using the correct fluid.
The costs are still generally within the same price range. However, sometimes, extra time is needed to round up the necessary fluids if they aren't at hand.
The Costs of Differential Fluid Service
The cost to change differential fluid ranges from around $70 to $160. The price is usually figured at half an hour of labor and then, the cost of fluids. Most shops, including dealerships, use a set price rather than the book-time, plus the parts that the estimates of other services are calculated with.
In some cases, there is one price for all-wheel-drive vehicles and another price for four-wheel-drive trucks, which tend to have a larger gear oil capacity. In many cases as well, the operation is different between the two.
Most all-wheel-drive vehicles have a simple drain plug for the differentials. On the other hand, many four-wheel-drive axles require the more laborious removal of the drive gear cover to drain the fluid.
Sometimes, there is also an additional charge on top of the differential service cost to service a limited-slip differential if special friction-modifier additives need to be used. It's important to use the correct additive if necessary or the clutches in a limited slip differential can bind up or operate intermittently rather than smoothly.
An example would be a 2004 Dodge 2500 four-wheel-drive truck with a limited slip rear end, which needs 4-oz of limited slip additive costing about $18, in addition to normal differential fluid.
Differential Fluid Service
The differential in a vehicle takes the input of engine power from a driveshaft and splits it into two driving wheels on the axle using heavy steel ring and pinion gears. These are connected to a steel frame housing the spider and side gears.
Both front and rear differentials follow the same design, and all of these are lubricated with thick gear oil. The basic purpose is to transfer the power while allowing the two drive wheels of an axle to turn at different rates, as is necessary when steering around corners.
What this also allows is for one wheel to spin independently of another, which is a great disadvantage in slippery terrain or snowy roads.
If one wheel loses traction, all engine power is sent to that wheel. For that reason, limited slip differentials were developed, which still allow driven wheels to turn at different rates, but limit the amount so that some power will always be applied to both wheels. This is more often used on all-terrain four-wheel-drive vehicles.
The differential fluid in either design is subject to age and wear and has regular replacement intervals. These are very dependent on how a vehicle is used.
The most common service recommendations are from 30,000 to 60,000 miles. The shorter period is for a vehicle that is used for towing, which generates a lot more heat and wear in the differential.
The longer period is for normal use. Sometimes, the interval is much longer, as wear depends not just on how a vehicle is used, but the use it is designed for.
A differential designed and built to tow 12,000 pounds, for instance, sees little wear or stress if it isn't actually used to tow anything.
It is also fairly common to have a recommendation for the first differential fluid change that is much shorter, such as at 15,000 miles. That recognizes the break-in period of the differential; when the new steel-to-steel running gears bed into each other and generate more heat and waste-metal particles than they do when they are well-mated surfaces that are polished from initial wear.
broken automotive differential in the hands of mechanic
Different Kinds of Fluids Used
Most gear oils have a specific weight rating such as 80w, or 80w-90, or 75w-140. The W signifies the tested viscosity rating of the gear oil in winter conditions, while the second number (if present) represents the viscosity in warm weather.
This is similar to how motor oil is rated, but the method and standards are different. 15w-40 motor oil, for instance, is pretty similar in consistency to 75w-90 gear oil. Sticking with the manufacturer's recommendation is always the safest way.
One other common option that comes up is synthetic versus conventional oil. Both are commonly available with the same weight ratings.
Other than cost, the general consensus is that synthetic is better. Generally, they have a lower friction coefficient (and so gears run cooler), better sliding characteristics, and are less affected by temperature changes.
The same as with motor oil, it all comes from the same place. However, the refining method is more involved and precise, and so, the cost is greater.
On a vehicle that is under heavy use, a synthetic is probably a good safe choice and should allow a more relaxed service schedule. Under normal or light use and in mild climates, the advantage is much less.
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PSFS Ministry Scheduler - Scheduling: Why can't I generate a schedule?
Why can't I generate a schedule?
There are three common reasons a schedule will not generate:
Reason 1: No time was specified for the events you are scheduling
 1. Click Configuration
 2. In the Groups panel, select the desired ministry group.
 3. In the Events panel, select the event.
 4. Click the paper/pencil icon to open the Edit Event window.
 5. If there is not event time specified, add one.
Reason 2: No ministers in the ministry are assigned to the events you are scheduling
 1. Click Minister Directory.
 2. Click the funnel to open the Advanced Filter Window.
 3. Select a ministry group.
 4. Select a ministry.
 5. Select an event.
 6. Click Apply Filter to view a list of ministers assigned to the event.
 7. Add the ministers who are not on the list but are supposed to be.
Reason 3: No ministers are specified as being needed for the event
Click the following link to learn how to view or edit the number of ministers needed for this event.
Related Articles
How to change or add an assignment's end date for a group of ministers at once
How to delete an event or ministry
How to filter my minister directory for active ministers only
How to set or view minister schedule preferences
How to add ministers and remove ministers from a schedule
How to find scheduling conflicts for individual ministers
Why are certain ministers being scheduled more or less often than others?
Why is a ministry missing from scheduling options
Have more questions? Submit a request
Please sign in to leave a comment.


Two Methodist Hospitals Earn Accreditation in Echocardiography
Published On 05/14/2013
Article Teaser
Methodist University and Methodist Le Bonheur Germantown have received a "seal of approval" that heart patients can trust for high-quality echocardiography services.
Methodist Le Bonheur Healthcare Germantown Hospital and Methodist University Hospital have been granted a three-year term of accreditation in Echocardiography in the area of Adult Transthoracic by the Intersocietal Accreditation Commission (IAC).
Early detection of life threatening heart disorders and other cardiovascular diseases is possible through the use of echocardiography procedures. Echocardiography, or echo, is a simple test that uses sound waves to create moving pictures of the heart. These pictures show the size and shape of your heart. They also show how well your heart's chambers and valves are working.
Accreditation by the IAC means that these two hospitals have undergone a thorough review of their operational and technical components by a panel of experts. The IAC grants accreditation only to those facilities that are found to be providing quality patient care, in compliance with national standards through a comprehensive application process including detailed case study review.


text:
Calculate the Lunar Eclipses for a given Year
Arduino is a powerful tool for programming and interfacing with hardware. But, it is also a powerful programmable computer with a built in ability to use your computer keyboard and display as input and output. Let's take advantage of this by writing a program that calculates the lunar eclipses for a given year. This program will cover how to input data into Arduino using the Serial Monitor, how to perform the computations, and how to return the information to the user using the Serial Monitor.
A lunar eclipse happens when the earth is between the sun and moon and the moon moves into the shadow cast into space by the earth.
The program calculates the dates of the full moons and checks to see if the moon is in the correct place at these times to move into the Earth's shadow. It then reports all of the occurrences and the magnitudes of umbra and penumbra eclipsing.
Download the code here:
Download the code and load it into the Arduino IDE. Select the correct board and download the program. Open the Serial Monitor and select 'NEWLINE' in the lower right dropdown box. Enter the year as a 4 digit value. The program will calculate the eclipsess, and display them.


text:
Definition of cannonball in English:
1A round metal or stone projectile fired from a cannon in former times.
- Mortars, as seen in the top right and bottom left hand pictures, were used to fire cannonballs over walls into a courtyard to kill soldiers and cause general damage.
- Dozens of rounds of ammo, bombs and even cannonballs are fired at the trio, yet don't produce one scratch.
- Also uncovered were musket balls, cannonballs, a grenade and tools.
1.1 (also cannonball dive) North American A jump into water performed upright with the knees clasped to the chest.
- She ran down the hill, off the deck, and did a cannonball into the water.
- Yukirin quickly leaped into the water, doing a cannonball and splashing Fiona.
- Suddenly, Tyler did a cannonball into the water.
Words that rhyme with cannonballrollerball • butterball
Definition of cannonball in:
- British & World English dictionary
What do you find interesting about this word or phrase?
Comments that don't adhere to our Community Guidelines may be moderated or removed.


Manger son pain noir :
Manger son pain noir (Eating black bread) is an expression that means going through a difficult period, having difficulties.
This expression comes from the rebirth, bread becomes a common food. Noble people eat white bread which is better while poorer people ate black bread. This meant that they were in difficulty.
For example : Les étudiants pendant la période de pandémie mangent leur pain noir.
Manger de la vache enragée :
Manger de la vache enragée (Eating rabid cows) means having an angry attitude. In this expression we have the word 'vache', the cow, and 'enragée', rabid which means someone who has rabies (the disease) or is very angry.
This expression comes from the fact that in the past, when there was no food, some people were forced to eat meat from sick animals that sometimes had rabies.
For example : Elle a mangé de la vache enragée ou quoi? Elle a l'air énervée.
French Idiomatic Expression - Manger de la vache enragée
Manger à tous les râteliers :
Manger à tous les râteliers (Eating at all racks) means taking advantage of all possible sources, taking advantage of as many things as possible selfishly.
'Un râtelier' is a rack, an object in which animals can eat.
Animals will often eat at all racks and take advantage of their neighbors' food.
For example : Il mange vraiment à tous les râteliers. Il demande de l'argent à ses parents, à son oncle et maintenant à son frère.
Manger son chapeau :
Manger son chapeau (Eating your hat) means acknowledging your mistake.
Admitting that one has made a mistake is something difficult to do in general, eating one's hat is also difficult, hence the meaning of this expression.
This expression would originate from the equivalent English expression.
For example: Parfois, il faut savoir manger son chapeau pour favoriser la communication.
French Idiomatic Expression - Manger son chapeau
Manger sur le pouce :
Manger sur le pouce (Eating on the go) means eating very quickly. The thumb here represents the finger.
When we eat on the thumb, we don't sit at the table, we're going to eat a sandwich, so we're going to use our hands, our thumbs.
For example : Le midi, j'ai une pause très courte donc je mange sur le pouce.
Manger dans la main de quelqu'un :
Manger dans la main de quelqu'un (Eating out of someone's hand) means being submissive and dependent on someone.
When you eat out of someone's hand, you are like an animal that has been domesticated, you have no control.
For example : Depuis qu'il a une piscine, tout le monde lui mange dans la main.
French Idiomatic Expression - Manger dans la main de quelqu'un
Manger les pissenlits par la racine :
Manger les pissenlits par la racine (Eating dandelions by the root) means being dead.
The expression comes from the fact that when someone is dead and buried the flowers grow above him and the roots are then his only food.
For example : Je n'ai pas hâte de manger les pissenlits par la racine.
Manger du lion :
Manger du lion (Eating lion) means having a lot of energy. This expression is a metaphor in reference to lions, which are animals full of energy and strength.
For example : Tu es en forme ce matin. Tu as mangé du lion?
French Idiomatic Expression - Manger du lion
Your turn, make a sentence with one of these idiomatic expressions, write it in comment!


GRASS logo
r.mask - Creates a MASK for limiting raster operation.
raster, mask, null data, no-data
r.mask --help
r.mask [-ir] [raster=name] [maskcats=string] [vector=name] [layer=string] [cats=range] [where=sql_query] [--overwrite] [--help] [--verbose] [--quiet] [--ui]
Create inverse mask
Remove existing mask (overrides other options)
Allow output files to overwrite existing files
Print usage summary
Verbose module output
Quiet module output
Force launching GUI dialog
Name of raster map to use as mask
Raster values to use for mask
Format: 1 2 3 thru 7 *
Default: *
Name of vector map to use as mask
Or data source for direct OGR access
Layer number or name (vector)
Default: 1
Category values (vector)
Example: 1,3,7-9,13
WHERE conditions of SQL statement without 'where' keyword (vector)
Example: income < 1000 and population >= 10000
Table of contents
r.mask - Facilitates creation of a raster "MASK" map to control raster operations.
The MASK is only applied when reading an existing GRASS raster map, for example when used in a module as an input map. The MASK will block out certain areas of a raster map from analysis and/or display, by "hiding" them from sight of other GRASS modules. Data falling within the boundaries of the MASK can be modified and operated upon by other GRASS raster modules; data falling outside the MASK is treated as if it were NULL.
Because the MASK is actually only a reclass map named "MASK", it can be copied, renamed, removed, and used in analyses, just like other GRASS raster map layers. The user should be aware that a MASK remains in place until a user renames it to something other than "MASK", or removes it using "r.mask -r" or g.remove.
Grid cells in the MASK map containing 0 or NULL will replace data with NULL, while cells containing other values will allow data to pass through unaltered.
To restore raster operations to normal (i.e., all cells of the current region), remove the MASK file by setting the -r remove MASK flag. In this case, a dummy value must also be given for the input parameter. A MASK also can be removed by using g.remove or by renaming it to any other name with g.rename.
The above method for specifying a "mask" may seem counterintuitive. Areas inside the MASK are not hidden; areas outside the MASK will be ignored until the MASK file is removed.
The MASK is read as an integer map. If MASK is actually a floating-point map, the values will be converted to integers using the map's quantisation rules (this defaults to round-to-nearest, but can be changed with r.quant).
r.mask uses r.reclass to create a reclassification of an existing raster map and name it MASK. A reclass map takes up less space, but is affected by any changes to the underlying map from which it was created. The user can select category values from the input raster to use in the MASK with the maskcats parameter; if r.mask is run from the command line, the category values listed in maskcats must be quoted (see example below).
Somewhat similar program functions to those performed by r.mask can be done using r.mapcalc, g.region, and other commands.
The examples are based on the North Carolina sample dataset.
Create a raster mask, for contraining the calculation of univariate statistics of the elevation values for "lakes":
# set computation region to lakes raster map
g.region raster=lakes -p
# use lakes as MASK
r.mask raster=lakes
# get statistics for elevation pixels of lakes:
r.univar elevation
Remove the raster mask ("MASK" map) with the -r flag:
r.mask -r
Creating a mask from selected categories in the North Carolina 'geology_30m' raster map:
g.region raster=geology_30m -p
r.category geology_30m
d.mon wx0
d.rast geology_30m
r.mask raster=geology_30m maskcats="217 thru 720"
d.mon wx0
d.rast geology_30m
g.region, r.mapcalc, r.reclass, g.remove, g.rename
Michael Barton, Arizona State University
Available at: r.mask source code (history)
© 2003-2021 GRASS Development Team, GRASS GIS Reference Manual


Archive for February, 2012
Counting and Solving Final Fantasy XIII-2's Clock Puzzles
February 6th, 2012
Final Fantasy XIII-2 is a role-playing game, released last week in North America, that contains an abundance of mini-games. One of the more interesting mini-games is the "clock puzzle", which presents the user with N integers arranged in a circle, with each integer being from 1 to \lfloor N/2 \rfloor.
A challenging late-game clock puzzle with N = 12
The way the game works is as follows:
To demonstrate the rules in action, consider the following simple example with N = 6 (I have labelled the six positions 05 in blue for easy reference):
If we start by choosing the 1 in position 1, then we have the option of choosing the 3 in either position 0 or 2. Let's choose the 3 in position 0. Three moves either clockwise or counter-clockwise from here both give the 1 in position 3, so that is our only possible next choice. We continue on in this way, going through the N = 6 positions in the order 103425, as in the following image:
We have now selected each position exactly once, so we are done – we solved the puzzle! In fact, this is the unique solution for the given puzzle.
Counting Clock Puzzles
Let's work on determining how many different clock puzzles there are of a given size. As mentioned earlier, a clock puzzle with N positions has an integer in the interval [1, \lfloor N/2 \rfloor] in each of the positions. There are thus \lfloor N/2 \rfloor^N distinct clock puzzles with N positions, which grows very quickly with N – its values for N = 1, 2, 3, … are given by the sequence 0, 1, 1, 16, 32, 729, 2187, 65536, 262144, … (A206344 in the OEIS).
However, this rather crude count of the number of clock puzzles ignores the fact that some clock puzzles have no solution. To illustrate this fact, we present the following simple proposition:
Proposition. There are unsolvable clock puzzles with N positions if and only if N = 4 or N ≥ 6.
To prove this proposition, first note that the clock puzzles for N = 2 or N = 3 are trivially solvable, since each number in the puzzle is forced to be \lfloor N/2 \rfloor = 1. The 32 clock puzzles in the N = 5 case can all easily be shown to be solvable via computer brute force (does anyone have a simple or elegant argument for this case?).
In the N = 4 case, exactly 3 of the 16 clock puzzles are unsolvable:
To complete the proof, it suffices to demonstrate an unsolvable clock puzzle for each N ≥ 6. To this end, we begin by considering the following clock puzzle in the N = 6 case:
The above puzzle is unsolvable because the only way to reach position 0 is to select it first, but from there only one of positions 2 or 4 can be reached – not both. This example generalizes in a straightforward manner to any N ≥ 6 simply by adding more 1's to the bottom: it will still be necessary to choose position 0 first, and then it is impossible to reach both position 2 and position N-2 from there.
There doesn't seem to be an elegant way to count the number of solvable clock puzzles with N positions (which is most likely related to the apparent difficulty of solving these puzzles, which will be discussed in the next section), so let's count the number of solvable clock puzzles via brute force. Simply constructing each of the \lfloor N/2 \rfloor^N clock puzzles and determining which of them are solvable (via the MATLAB script linked at the end of this post) shows that the number of solvable clock puzzles for N = 1, 2, 3, … is given by the sequence 0, 1, 1, 13, 32, 507, 1998, 33136, 193995, … (A206345 in the OEIS).
This count of puzzles is perhaps still unsatisfying, though, since it counts puzzles that are simply mirror images or rotations of each other multiple times. Again, there doesn't seem to be an elegant counting argument for enumerating the solvable clock puzzles up to rotation and reflection, so we compute this sequence by brute force: 0, 1, 1, 4, 8, 72, 236, 3665, 19037, … (A206346 in the OEIS).
Solving Clock Puzzles
Clock puzzles are one of the most challenging parts of Final Fantasy XIII-2, and with good reason: they are a well-studied graph theory problem in disguise. We can consider each clock puzzle with N positions as a directed graph with N vertices. If position N contains the number M, then there is a directed edge going from vertex N to the vertices M positions clockwise and counter-clockwise from it. In other words, we consider a clock puzzle as a directed graph on N vertices, where the directed edges describe the valid moves around the circle.
The directed graph corresponding to the earlier (solvable) N = 6 example
The problem of solving a clock puzzle is then exactly the problem of finding a directed Hamiltonian path on the associated graph. Because finding a directed Hamiltonian path in general is NP-hard, this seems to suggest that solving clock puzzles might be as well. There of course is the problem that the directed graphs relevant to this problem have very special structure – in particular, every vertex has outdegree ≤ 2, and the graph has a symmetry property that results from clockwise/counter-clockwise movement allowed in the clock puzzles.
The main result of [1] shows that the fact that the outdegree of each vertex is no larger than 2 is no real help: finding directed Hamiltonian paths is still NP-hard given such a promise. However, the symmetry condition seems more difficult to characterize in graph theoretic terms, and could potentially be exploited to produce a fast algorithm for solving these puzzles.
Regardless of the problem's computational complexity, the puzzles found in the game are quite small (N ≤ 13), so they can be easily solved by brute force. Attached is a MATLAB script (solve_clock.m) that can be used to solve clock puzzles. The first input argument is a vector containing the numeric values in each of the positions, starting from the top and reading clockwise. By default, only one solution is computed. To compute all solutions, set the second (optional) input argument to 1.
The output of the script is either a vector of positions (labelled 0 through N-1, with 0 referring to the top position, 1 referring to one position clockwise from there, and so on) describing an order in which you can visit the positions to solve the puzzle, or 0 if there is no solution.
For example, the script can be used to find our solution to the N = 6 example provided earlier:
>> solve_clock([3,1,3,1,2,3])
ans =
 1 0 3 4 2 5
Similarly, the script can be used to find all four solutions [Update, October 1, 2013: Whoops, there are six solutions! See the comments.] to the puzzle in the screenshot at the very top of this post:
>> solve_clock([6,5,1,4,2,1,6,4,2,1,5,2], 1)
ans =
 3 7 11 9 10 5 4 2 1 8 6 0
 7 3 11 9 10 5 4 2 1 8 6 0
 9 10 5 4 2 3 7 11 1 8 6 0
 9 8 10 5 4 2 3 7 11 1 6 0
 1. J. Plesnik. The NP-completeness of the Hamiltonian cycle problem in planar digraphs with degree bound two. Inform. Process. Lett., 8:199–201, 1979.


Phone: 0425 781 893 | Email:
| Providing Music Tuition in Schools Since 1999
Vibrant Vocal Program
What's It All About?
The Vibrant Vocal Program provides an opportunity for students to learn how to use their singing voice whilst developing the correct technique. They learn to read and sing music with a backing CD and are introduced to a wide variety of musical styles and genres. As students develop their skills and learn to sing solo and harmony with their peers.
How Much Does It Cost?
Group lessons of 2-6 children for 2021 costs $20 each per half hour lesson and individual lessons at $32 per half hour lesson (includes GST). Fees are paid in advance. Booked lessons are non-refundable unless notified prior to the beginning of term. If a tutor is unavailable or ill then a credit will be provided for the cancelled session.
When Are Lessons Conducted?
Lessons are conducted during class time.
Happy Singing!
Joe Davis
Crystal Valley Music
Phone: 0425 781 893 | Email:


text:
Definition of Homozygote
Homozygote: A person who has two identical forms of a particular gene, one inherited from each parent.
For example, a girl who is a homozygote for cystic fibrosis (CF) received the cystic fibrosis gene from both of her parents and therefore has cystic fibrosis.
The opposite of a homozygote is a heterozygote, a person who has two different forms of a particular gene. For example, the father and mother of a cystic fibrosis child are heterozygotes for cystic fibrosis (CF). Each carries one normal gene and one cystic fibrosis gene but has no signs or symptoms of the disease.Source: MedTerms™ Medical Dictionary
Last Editorial Review: 9/20/2012
Find out what women really need.


System Administration Guide: Network Services
ProcedureHow to Create Messages to Be Sent to Users
After the user is logged in, system-related or application-related messages are displayed on screen. The ftpaccess file lists the events that trigger associated message statements.
 1. Become superuser or assume an equivalent role.
 2. Add the following entries to the ftpaccess file:
 message message-file [when [class...]]
 Keyword that is used to specify the message file to be displayed when a user logs in or executes the command to change the working directory.
 Name of the message file to be displayed.
Example 28–10 Creating Messages to Be Sent to Users
message /etc/ftpd/Welcome login anon guest
message .message cwd=*
The preceding example states that the file /etc/ftpd/Welcome is displayed at login for users of the class anon or guest. The second line states that the.message file in the current working directory is displayed for all users.
Message files are created relative to the chroot directory for guest and anonymous users.


text: Factors influencing nutritional supplement use by high school students were assessed. Comparisons were made between various groups of sports participants and non-sports participants. The Nutritional Supplement Use and Knowledge Scale was administered to 509 students. Mean supplement use score was 10.87 (SEM = 0.50, range 0-57). Mean knowledge score was 13.56 (SEM = 0.16, range 1-21). Significant relationships (p <.01) were obtained for supplement knowledge with use, and supplement use with gender. ANOVA found significant differences between supplement use by gender (p <.01), supplement use by sports category (p <.05), and knowledge scores by sports category (p <.01). Discriminant function analysis indicated knowledge, supplement use, and subscores for protein, vitamins/minerals, and carbohydrates were best discriminators of sport group membership. Greater knowledge about supplements was associated with less use; hence, education about supplements can be a deterrent to use. This study may help coaches, athletic trainers, athletic directors, teachers, physicians, and parents identify nutritional misconceptions held by adolescents.


text:
Nonlinear Rayleigh waves propagating in a substrate coated with a thin elastic film are studied numerically. The evolution model consists of the nonlinear spectral equations of Zabolotskaya [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 91, 2569-2575 (1992)] augmented ad hoc to include film dispersion. The dispersion relation is obtained from linear theory but is otherwise exact. Both loading and stiffening films are considered. Computations are performed for nonlinear evolution of an initially sinusoidal Rayleigh wave under three distinct dispersion regimes corresponding to different film thicknesses. The validity of the evolution model is also examined.
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous)
- Acoustics and Ultrasonics


Take the 2-minute tour ×
Suppose $p = 2^n - 1$ is prime. Show that $n \: | \: 2^n - 2$, or equivalently $n \: | \: p - 1$.
With hint: The order of any element in this field divides $p-1$.
Example: $n=7, \; p=127 \:\Rightarrow\: 7 \: | \: 126$.
I don't have any progress that seems to lead to a proof, but here are some of my ideas:
 - Because $p$ is a Mersenne prime, $n$ must be prime
 - Use Fermat's little theorem
 - Show that $2^n - 2 \equiv 0 \mod n$
share|improve this question
3 Answers 3
You have mentioned ingredients that lead to a proof. As you point out, the number $n$ must be prime, so we can use Fermat's Theorem.
There are a couple of different versions of Fermat's Theorem. Each version is not difficult to derive from the other.
Version 1: If $n$ is prime, then for any integer $a$, we have $a^n \equiv a \pmod n$. This says directly that $n$ divides $a^n-a$, which is exactly what you want to show, in the special case $a=2$.
Version 2: If $n$ is prime, and $n$ does not divide $a$, then $a^{n-1} \equiv 1 \pmod n$.
In your case, $n$ is odd, so if $a=2$, then $n$ does not divide $a$. It follows that $n$ divides $2^{n-1}-1$, and therefore $n$ divides twice this number, which is $2^n-2$.
However, you were given a hint which enables us to bypass Fermat's Theorem. So probably you were expected to argue as follows.
Since $p=2^n-1$, certainly $p$ divides $2^n-1$, so $2^n \equiv 1 \pmod p$. That implies that the order of $2$ in the field $\mathbb{Z}_p$ is a divisor of $n$. But the order of $2$ is exactly $n$, since $n$ is prime, and therefore the only divisors of $n$ are $1$ and $n$.
The order of any element of the field $\mathbb{Z}_p$ divides $p-1$. Since the order of $2$ in this field is $n$, we conclude that $n$ divides $p-1$, that is, $n$ divides $2^n-2$.
share|improve this answer
You said "$p$ divides $2^n-1$, so $2^n \equiv 1 \pmod p$". How does this step work? – Nayuki Minase Feb 27 '12 at 6:31
_USER_ Minase: We say that $x\equiv y \pmod m$ if $m$ divides $x-y$. Take $x=2^n$, $y=1$, $m=p$. Since definitely $p$ divides $2^n-1$ (in fact is exactly equal to $2^n-1$), we have $2^n\equiv 1 \pmod p$. – André Nicolas Feb 27 '12 at 6:38
Ohh right, I understand now. I guess I'm not comfortable enough with modular arithmetic that such an elementary fact slipped past me, heh. – Nayuki Minase Feb 27 '12 at 6:40
Alternate explanation: $p$ divides $2^n-1$, so $2^n-1$ divided by $p$ leaves no remainder, thus $2^n-1 \equiv 0 \mod p$. – Nayuki Minase Feb 27 '12 at 6:42
_USER_ Minase: I can see why it is puzzling, in a sense it is *too simple. One expects to have to work a bit to show that a congruence holds. In this case, there was no real work involved. – André Nicolas Feb 27 '12 at 6:44
up vote 0 down vote accepted
Simpler answer:
Let $n \in \mathbb{N}^+$ be arbitrary. Let $p = 2^n-1$.
Clearly, $2^n \equiv 1 \mod {2^n-1}$. Moveover, $n$ is the smallest power where $2^n \equiv 1$. Thus the order of 2 in $\mathbb{Z}_{p}$ is $n$.
Now if $p$ is prime, then Fermat's little theorem guarantees that for any $a$ (except 0), $a^{p-1} \equiv 1 \mod p$. Furthermore, the order of $a$ divides $p-1$.
$a=2$ has order $n$, therefore $n$ divides $p-1 = 2^n - 2$, as wanted.
Complicated answer:
Fact: $x^{ab} - 1 = (x^a - 1)(x^{(b-1)a} + \ldots + x^{3a} + x^{2a} + x^a + 1)$. So for the special case of $2^n-1$, if $n$ is composite then $2^n-1$ can be factored. By contrapositive, if $2^n-1$ is prime then $n$ is prime.
Fermat's little theorem: If $q$ is prime, then $\forall a \in \mathbb{Z}, \; a^q \equiv a \mod q$.
Now, $n \: | \: 2^n - 2$ is equivalent to saying that $2^n-2$ is a multiple of $n$, or $2^n-2 \equiv 0 \mod n$.
We established that $n$ must be prime. By applying FLT with $a=2$, we get $2^n \equiv 2 \mod n$, which is easily equivalent to $2^n - 2 \equiv 0 \mod n$.
share|improve this answer
Hint $\rm\: prime\: P,\: A^P\!\! = 1 = A^K\!\Rightarrow A^{(P,\:K)}\!\!=1,$ so $\rm\: P| K\ $ [if $\rm (P,K) = P$]$\:$ or $\rm\: A\! =\! 1\:$ [if $\rm (P,K) = 1$]
For further detail see this question: If the order divides a prime P then the order is P (or 1).
share|improve this answer
Why are all your variables in uppercase? – Nayuki Minase Mar 2 '12 at 5:05
_USER_ It makes expressions in exponents easier to read. – Bill Dubuque Mar 2 '12 at 5:25
Other than that, I'm sorry but I don't understand your argument at all. – Nayuki Minase Mar 2 '12 at 6:34
_USER_ Do you not understand the proof in the hint, or do you not understand how it applies to your case? – Bill Dubuque Mar 3 '12 at 1:08
I didn't understand how your answer fits with my question. Please see the other answers as examples of proofs that I did understand. – Nayuki Minase Mar 3 '12 at 23:33
Your Answer


text:
*With the release of Prospect 2.0, we now support FBX files. We recommend exporting to an FBX file from 3ds Max, rather than an OBJ.
*Note for 3ds Max 2019: The latest version of 3ds Max no longer supports Autodesk Standard materials, and the default material option is now an Autodesk Physical Material. These materials cannot be exported to FBX or OBJ files, so they will not appear in Prospect. A workaround you can use to export these materials is to convert them to Scanline Standard materials.
Software platforms write to OBJ files in different ways, so you may experience varying performance or need to take different steps when exporting from third party software. In some cases, you may find that loading your OBJ file into software that Prospect is natively integrated with, such as Rhino, and then launching through our add-in will produce superior results and allow you to better maintain the fidelity of your OBJ file.
Follow these steps in order to successfully produce an OBJ and MTL file that works with IrisVR Prospect with 3ds Max.
1. Before exporting, create a new folder on your computer where you will save the OBJ and texture files. Open Asset Tracking in 3ds Max.
2. Select all of the Full Paths under Maps / Shaders and right click to open a Menu
3. Select 'Make Path Relative to Project Folder'
4. Exit out of Asset Tracking
5. Select Export
4. Select OBJ in the dropdown and name your file
5. Make sure the options look like below
6. Select Map-Export and make sure 'Use map-path' is unchecked.
7. Maintain the format as JPG
8. Select Export. The resulting folder should look something like this, with the various textures used in your file visible as images:
9. Drag and Drop your file into Prospect and launch!
You may experience incompatibility when using the layers function with an OBJ file, in which case we recommend using a native file format.


Piotroski Score
DEFINITION of 'Piotroski Score'
A discrete score between 0-9 which reflects nine criteria used to determine the strength of a firm's financial position. The Piotroski score is used to determine the best value stocks, nine being the best. The score was named after Chicago Accounting Professor, Joseph Piotroski who devised the scale according to specific criteria found in the financial statements. For every criteria (below) that is met the company is given one point, if it is not met, then no points are awarded. The points are then added up to determine the best value stocks.
 - Positive return on assets in the current year (1 point).
 - Positive operating cash flow in the current year (1 point).
 - Higher return on assets (ROA) in the current period compared to the ROA in the previous year (1 point).
 - Cash flow from operations are greater than ROA (1 point)
Leverage, Liquidity and Source of Funds
 - Lower ratio of long term debt to in the current period compared value in the previous year (1 point).
 - Higher current ratio this year compared to the previous year (1 point).
 - No new shares were issued in the last year (1 point).
Operating Efficiency
 - A higher gross margin compared to the previous year (1 point).
 - A higher asset turnover ratio compared to the previous year (1 point).
BREAKING DOWN 'Piotroski Score'
If a company has a score of 8 or 9 it is considered strong. If the score adds up to between 0-2 points, the stock is considered weak. Piotroski's April 2000 paper Value Investing: The Use of Historical Financial Statement Information to Separate Winners from Losers, demonstrated that the Piotroski score method would have seen a 23% annual return between 1976 and 1996 if the expected winners were bought and expected losers shorted. With any investment system, looking at past results doesn't always means it will work in the future, but having an investment plan and rules is never a bad idea.
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text:
Keeping the turkey moist during cooking
Because turkey breast meat is so lean, you need to protect it from drying out during cooking. There are different ways of doing this. The simplest are using steam, using covers or basting. More effort is required for brining.
For a brine recipe, please follow this link.
Many cooks swear by brining as a way of ensuring that the turkey remains moist during roasting but this is not an essential step. Brining the turkey simply means that it is soaked in a salty (brine) solution with added flavourings and seasonings prior to cooking. It is usual to brine overnight or for a minimum of six hours. To be absolutely safe, brining should take place in the refrigerator. Raw meat of any kind should not be stored at room temperature. The difficulty here, is that a turkey in a container of brine takes up a lot of space and many people don't have enough spare refrigeration space to do this.
The following steps provide an alternative safe method for brining without a refrigerator:
- Refrigerate the prepared brine solution until thoroughly chilled
- Sterilise a plastic chilly bin (insulated cooler bin/"Esky") by rinsing with boiling water and wiping dry with paper towels. Allow it to cool down. Use a cooler size that will allow the turkey enough room to be surrounded by liquid but is not overly large.
- Pour the chilled brine into the cooler.
- Using clean hands, place the thawed turkey breast-side down into the brine.
- Fill two or three sealable plastic bags with crushed or cubed ice and pack these around the turkey (as many as you can fit). Don't use loose ice cubes as these will dilute the strength and flavour of the brine.
- Put on the lid and place the cooler bin in a cool place.
- Half way through the brining, turn the turkey over and check the ice, replenishing the ice if needed.
- After removing the turkey from the brine, rinse it inside and out with cold water, drain and pat dry with paper towels before continuing with cooking preparations.
- Discard the brine and sterilise the cooler bin.
This is the method that the Croziers use most often. Simply pour water into the bottom of the roasting pan and keep it topped up during the cooking. As the turkey cooks, the water will create a steamy atmosphere that keeps the flesh moist. Additional suggestions include:
Place a rack / cake rack /trivet in the roasting pan so that the turkey is held above the liquid and is less likely to "stew" on the base.
Use flavoured liquids instead of water e.g turkey or chicken stock mixed with wine or fruit juice and herbs.
Using a cover
Start the roasting process by placing a sheet of baking (silicon) paper over the breast and then sealing it with a layer of foil. If baking paper isn't used, the foil tends to stick to the turkey skin and pulls pieces off when removed. After calculating the cooking time, leave the foil in place for half of the cooking time, removing it in order to allow the skin to colour before cooking has finished.
Basting is the technique of spooning fat and cooking juices over the breast of the bird at regular intervals during the entire roasting process. It is a good idea to baste every 20-30 minutes. Basting can be done with a basting brush, a spoon or a turkey baster. A turkey baster is a simple tool that sucks up cooking juices and when squeezed can release them onto the turkey breast. The disadvantage of basting is that the oven has to be opened regularly, which lowers the oven temperature and interrupts the cooking process so make sure you work quickly.
Stuffing-To stuff or not to stuff?
Turkeys that are stuffed take longer to cook than turkeys that aren't. This is because the stuffing forms a dense mass in the centre of the bird and heat takes much longer to penetrate to the centre.
If you are cooking the turkey with stuffing inside the cavity, make sure that the stuffing has been prepared and chilled beforehand. Turkeys can be stuffed in two places: the main cavity and the neck-end cavity. Some cooks like to use a different stuffing for each part; others use the same. During cooking, most types of stuffing expand a little so don't overstuff and do leave a little space. Place the stuffing in lightly and compactly but not too forcefully. The stuffing needs to be sealed in so either use small skewers or a large needle threaded with cotton-string (not plastic stringit melts) and sew the flaps of skin together. The alternative is to cook the stuffing in a separate baking dish and serve as a side accompaniment.
How far ahead can the turkey be stuffed?
Don't be too eager. It's best to stuff the turkey just before you want to start cooking. You could stuff an hour or two ahead as long as you then store the turkey in the refrigerator until cooking begins.
DON'T STUFF THE DAY BEFORE. To an extent, the stuffing is insulated from the cold temperatures of the refrigerator by the turkey cavity. If there are any harmful bacteria present inside the turkey or in the stuffing, they can multiply during storage.
Knowing when it's cooked
Estimating cooking times
We recommend a total cooking time of 15 minutes per 500g plus an extra 15 minutes when cooking at 180°C. A 5 kg turkey takes approximately 2¾ hours. A 5 ½ kg turkey takes approximately 3 hours.
A whole turkey and turkey parts are safe when cooked to a minimum internal temperature of 80 °C (176 °F) as measured with a food thermometer. Check the internal temperature in the innermost part of the thigh and the thickest part of the breast or if the turkey is stuffed, check the temperature in the centre of the stuffing. Remember that if you have inserted the thermometer into the turkey and the temperature is not safe, you must sterilize the thermometer probe before re-using it. Otherwise, you risk contaminating the cooked meat
PopUp Timer
If your Crozier turkey has a pop-up timer inserted in the breast, it will pop up when it reaches the temperature of 85 °C (185 °F).
If you pierce the thickest part of the turkey thigh with a skewer, juices will run out. If the juices run clear the turkey is cooked. If there is still some pinkness (blood) present, longer cooking is required.
In addition to the skewer test, give the drumstick a wiggle The leg should move freely when cooked, with little resistance.
Why is turkey meat (and chicken) sometimes pink close to the bone, even when it is fully cooked to 80 °C degrees or higher?
Younger turkeys (and chickens) have underdeveloped porous bones, which may allow red pigmentation (haemoglobin) to run into the meat. If the bird is fully cooked (80 °C and the thigh juices run clear) the meat is safe to eat even if there is some pink colouring in the flesh surrounding the bones.
After removing your delicious cooked turkey from the oven, lift it from the roasting pan to a carving platter or board and lightly cover it with foil. Allow it to rest for about 10 minutes while you prepare the gravy. Resting allows time for the flesh to relax and for juices to be reabsorbed into the meat before carving.
There are a number of methods used to carve turkey. Here is one:
- Keeping the turkey on its back (breast-side up), cut the skin between the thigh and the body.
- Remove the entire leg (thigh and drum) on both sides.
- Place the legs flat on a chopping board and cut between the thighs and the drums to separate them.
- Pull each wing outward from the body and cut through the joints where they join the body.
- Cut the wings in half at their joints.
- Insert the knife on one side of the breast bone as close to the bone as possible. Cut along the side of the breast bone. Using the knife, follow the rib cage and cut down under the breast meat, lifting it away from the rib cage.
- Repeat for the second side. (An alternative is to carve the breast in slices directly from the turkey)
- Cut the breast meat into slices or portions.
- If you have stuffed the turkey, remove the stuffing with a spoon into a serving bowl.
Even though you'll be enjoying your turkey dinner, don't forget that unserved turkey meat will make great leftovers. But only if you treat your leftovers with respect. Don't leave them sitting out in the kitchen all night. Make sure you package and chill them within two hours or removing from the oven.
Place leftover turkey into a dish and cover with plastic wrap before refrigerating. Store for a maximum of two three days at 4 °C.
Place leftovers into a freezer bag or wrap in plastic wrap. Squeeze out as much air as possible before freezing. Mark with the date. Use within one month
Wines to serve with roast turkey
- Light bodied aromatic e.g Pinot gris (dry rather than sweet style)
- Medium bodied fruity e.g Pinot noir
- Medium bodied deep full flavour e.g Merlot


Fairy Tales: Three Heroes (Windows)
100 point score based on reviews from various critics.
5 point score based on user ratings.
Not an American user?
Fairy Tales: Three Heroes is a Slavic tale of three Russian heroes who retired early when the nation was at peace. In their solitude, far from the world, their stories were soon forgotten until one day, Alesha, one of the heroes, unexpectedly meets a gang of robbers who try to sneak into his house. He learns from them that the world has changed. The nation is no longer stable and mischievous gangs are running rampant. Alesha decides to find back his former friends Dobrynya and Ilya to team up and restore the former glory.
This third-person action is a modern take on the Lost Viking concept where three friends, each with different abilities, need to work together. They travel through a bright, cel-shaded world divided into different areas. Each location contains a number of towns, dense nature, characters who provide quests and of course plenty of enemies. Using the Physx engine, almost every object can be pushed around or destroyed. The three friends run together and the player can switch between them at any time. Meanwhile, the computer AI takes over for the other two character's basic actions. The player can also exercise minor influence over them by asking them to follow or hold a position. Often they need to operate separately, for specific missions or to control an area from different directions at the same time.
The characters have distinct abilities. Alesha is an agile archer who runs the fastest and needs to take out enemies from a distance with bow and arrow. Dobrynya is stronger and usually wields a staff. He has the ability to pole-vault over obstacles where others cannot pass. Ilya is the brute with a giant sword and shield; slow but extremely effective in combat. They can pick up new weapons left behind by enemies (based on a wide range of statistics) or have it upgraded. By defeating enemies and completing quests, experience is earned to level up the character through a skill tree. Next to the primary weapons, each character can execute up to seven secondary attacks that can be upgraded up to three times. Alesha for instance can fire many arrows at once or aim precisely, while Ilya can swing his sword around to perform combos or pick up enemies and throw them far away. Executing them drains a Heroic Strength meter, that regenerates or is refilled through items. Not all attacks can be maxed out during the course of the game, so the most important ones need to be singled out. The characters can also collect meat or apples to restore health, and a wide range of items used to poison weapons, gain excessive speed, freeze enemies, increase defence and more.
The many quests have the heroes attack fortresses and camps, protect towns, escort important characters or retrieve missing persons. In later missions, many of them occur at once introducing an invisible time limit or forcing the player to fight and protect characters at the same time. While the storyline is linear, players are free to explore the environment and explore the quests at first. Even though strategical switches between the characters are important while fighting, the combat itself is mostly pure hack-and-slash. Quests show up on a mini-map where waypoints can be activated to quickly move towards a goal. Movement is done through the keyboard, while the mouse is used to look around and perform actions.
Fairy Tales: Three Heroes Windows Meeting one of the stronger opponents.
Fairy Tales: Three Heroes Windows The skill tree for secondary attacks
Fairy Tales: Three Heroes Windows Walking towards a hut in the distance.
Fairy Tales: Three Heroes Windows Main Menu
Alternate Titles
 - "Legenda o Trzech Bohaterach" -- Polish title
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Softonic Jul 15, 2009 3.5 Stars3.5 Stars3.5 Stars3.5 Stars3.5 Stars 70
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Sciere (228375) added Fairy Tales: Three Heroes (Windows) on Jul 18, 2009


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What Is a Bushel of Corn?
A bushel is a unit of weight used when buying and selling crops such as corn. A bushel of shelled corn weighs 56 pounds, but a bushel of corn still on the ear weighs 70 pounds.
The weight of a bushel varies among fruits, vegetables and grains. For instance, while a bushel of spinach weighs 20 pounds, a bushel of tomatoes is 53 pounds. A bushel of unshelled lima beans is 30 pounds, but cowpeas run 60 pounds per bushel. Cotton weighs in at 32 pounds a bushel, while flax is 60 pounds. Although a bushel of oats weighs 32 pounds, a bushel of either wheat or soybeans is 60 pounds.


Throughput time between one activity and multiple others
Hello everyone,
Is there the possibility of calculating the throughput time between between one activity lets say 'Create Order' and multiple occuring activities, lets say 'Change date'. The problem is that Change date can happen multiple time and at each occurance the time between create order and change date should be caluclated.
The process is for example:
'Create Order'-> '…' -> 'Change date' -> '…' -> 'Change date'
The result, which i want to see is a histogram chart with the information:
number of occurances
number of days between create order and change date
In this example giving me 2 bars for each time difference.
Hope i made my case clear.
Thanks for any support!
Hi there,
You can solve this problem through the use of AVTIVITY_LEAD which allows you to identify Activity Sequences and do calculations on them. Here you can find more information on this:
To create a histogram, you can then use custom dimensions to show your result.
Hope that helps,
Celonis Data Science Team
Thanks for the message, but somehow when clicking on your link the login for microsoft is opened. When proceeding with my microsoft credentials the access is denied.


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Digital Shoe Design Kit by DaveMakesStuff
Regular price $ 0.00
Unit price per
This kit contains all the digital parts you need to design your own basic running shoe.
These files are not meant to be printed directly. First, you will need to import them into your favourite 3D design software to texture, size, and combine according to your creative preferences. Final designs can be printed as you wish.
All parts are for the left shoe, but most programs have an option to "mirror" the object to create the right shoe.
These files are optimized for use with nTopology but can be used with most 3D editing software.
To create a basic, non-textured shoe, simply import, combine, and print your choice of the following files: "Outsole", "Midsole", "Upper", "Toe Cup", "Heel Counter", "Heel Pull", "Tongue" and "Laces". If multicolor printing is an option, you may choose to print some parts in different colours.
This kit provides additional tools to customize three areas of the shoe: upper, the outer face of the midsole, and the outsole (or tread).
For the upper, surface texture can be applied directly to the "Upper" file. There are also two upper surfaces provided in Parasolid format. "Upper Surface" aligns with the outer surface of the upper and can be used to create conformal cell maps for "lightweighting" the upper volume with lattice or TPMS structures. "Upper Surface Mid" conforms to the middle of the 3mm thick upper volume and can be used to reference surface lattices and Voronoi structures.
The "Topline Edge Field" file is provided to facilitate field driven design approaches to thickening or modifying structures along the topline of the upper. The other shoe components can also be used to apply field driven design to other areas and boundaries of the upper.
The outer face of the midsole is the most common are for texturing or modifying, while the inner surfaces of the midsole are usually left smooth. "Inset Midsole" has an inset volume along the outer face of the midsole. It is 2mm deep, with a 2mm border. The midsole inset volume can be textured or modified separately and recombined with the "Inset Midsole" to create the final midsole.
For the midsole inset volume, surface texture can be applied directly to the "Midsole Inset Volume" file. There are also two midsole inset volume surfaces provided in Parasolid format. "Midsole Inset Outer Surface" conforms with the outer surface of the midsole and can be used to create conformal cell maps for "lightweighting" the upper volume with lattice or TPMS structures. "Midsole Inset Mid Surface" conforms with the middle of the 2mm deep midsole inset volume and can be used to create surface lattices and Voronoi structures.
For the outsole, texture can be applied directly to the "Outsole" file. The "Midsole" is also provided in Parasolid format to allow the bottom face to be used to create conformal cell maps or surface lattices.
The "Outsole Edge Field" file is provided to facilitate field driven design approaches to thickening or modifying structures along the edges of the outsole.
There are three sample shoes that demonstrate volume modification using surface texturing, conformal cell maps and surface lattices. To facilitate FDM printing, none of the sample shoes have outsole texturing.
"Shoe Example – Textured" demonstrate two types of surface texturing applied to the upper and midsole inset volume
"Shoe Example - Cell Map" demonstrates application of a conformal cell map define a gyroid TPMS structure in the upper, and a square honeycomb lattice structure in the midsole.
"Shoe Example – Lattice" uses the "mid surfaces" to demonstrate two different types of surface lattice applied to the upper and midsole.
Turn your shoes into playful vases, planters or pencil holders with these socks. To ensure that the socks fit onto the shoes, do not use the "Tongue" object in your shoe design.


August 03, 2015
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Fatwa allow Syrians to eat cats, dogs to survive starvation
By Ghanizada - Tue Oct 15 2013, 9:36 pm
Syria-conflictReligious clerics in Syria have issued a new ruling (Fatwa) which allows tens of thousands of Syrians suffering from starvation, to eat meat that is normally forbidden.
The besieged Syrians were allowed in the new ruling (Fatwa) to eat cats, dogs and donkeys in a bid to survive from starvation.
The evidence of starvation of tens of thousands of people emerged after Syrian Arab Red Crescent evacuated women, children and elderly men from the rebel-held area of Moaddamiyah, where they had been surrounded for nearly 10 months.
In the meantime the syrian oppposition released video footage purporting to be from Moaddamiyah which shows besieged Syrians starving to death.
Moaddamiyah is one of at least five areas in Syria that are besieged either by regime forces or by rebels trying to overthrow Assad.
The religious ruling (Fatwa) was issued on the ocassion of Eid al-Adha, which authorizes the besieged Syrians in the Ghouta agricultural belt around Damascus to eat animals usually considered unfit for human consumption in Islam.
The clerics also warned that the living would have to eat the dead, if the situation continued to deteriorate.
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iPhone Lightning Cable Can Hack Your Mac: How it works and how to protect yourself
A Lightning cable conducts around 12 watts of power, which is more than enough to charge your iPhone, iPad, or Mac.
It's also enough to charge a secret transmitter implanted into a fake Lightning cable by hackers.
Meet the O.MG cable, a hacking tool that looks like a usual iPhone charging cable to any unsuspecting victims. The cable is sold freely on the internet for $119.99 and there's no saying how many of them have been purchased by malicious individuals.
Read on to learn what cable hacking is and how to protect yourself from it.
Pro tip: To protect your Mac from hacking, use Clario. The app offers a powerful antivirus and 24/7 data breach monitoring, providing you with instant alerts about the hacking of your accounts and leaked data. Here's how to secure your Mac with Clario:
- Install Clario.
- Run a system scan for malware.
- Set up real-time protection.
Secure your data and privacy right now with Clario's free 7-day trial! No strings attached.
What is the O.MG Lightning cable?
The O.MG Lightning to USB-A cable is a hacking tool almost indistinguishable from the standard cable certified by Apple. Just like real cables, the Lightning-USB hacking device supports power and data transfer. However, unlike legit cables, it can be used for remote access to a victim's device.
In 2019, the O.MG cable was created by a security researcher operating under the alias MG. After presenting the cable at a hacker conference, DEFCON 2019, the researcher started mass manufacturing the cable. These days, multiple versions of the cable are sold online, including Lightning to USB-A and USB-C to USB-A.
In 2021, the security researcher developed the O.MG Keylogger cable. As the name suggests, the cable functions as a covert keylogger hacking instrument. By replacing a detachable keyboard's cable with the O.MG Keylogger, cybercriminals can collect a whopping 650,000 keystrokes to steal login details and other sensitive data.
How does the O.MG Lightning cable work?
The O.MG Lightning cable consists of two connectors and a set of wires covered by insulation, allowing it to operate as a legit cable. However, one of the cable's connectors conceals a memory chip and an 802.11 Wi-Fi transmitter. The transmitter is, essentially, no different from those in your iPhone and other Wi-Fi-enabled devices.
Once connected to an iPhone, iPad, or Mac, the Hak5 O.MG cable creates a Wi-Fi hotspot. This allows a hacker to remotely access the device and use it as if they were holding it in their hands. For example, the hacker can run Terminal commands on your Mac or rummage through photos on your iPhone. The cable used for the iPhone charger hack also packs geofencing features, allowing cybercriminals to trigger the delivery of a virus payload based on a victim's location.
The Keylogger version of the USB hacking cable can log keystrokes from the hacked device and send them to the hacker located up to a mile away.
How to protect yourself from a cable hacker?
You should take the following steps to ensure that a cable hacker cannot access your passwords or other sensitive data.
Carefully examine your cable
Cables certified by Apple come with the MFi badge on their packaging. The legit cables themselves bear a 12-digit serial number and the following text: Designed by Apple in California Assembled in Country.
Carefully examine your cable's connectors. If you spot an uneven metallic finish, rough edges or varying insulator width, then you are probably dealing with either a counterfeit cable or O.MG cable.
Check for signs of hacking
Look out for these signs of hacking on your Mac:
1. Sudden spikes in the network activity, which can be tracked via Activity Monitor
2. Check for suspicious users in System Preferences > Sharing
3. Hijacked email or social media accounts
4. Unsolicited software installs
5. Terminal opens randomly
6. Unexpected pop-ups requesting your login details
How to protect your Mac from cable hacking
An O.MG cable is designed to look almost indistinguishable from a real cable. Given how difficult it is to determine a hacking cable by just looking at it, make sure your Mac is protected with an anti-malware solution like Clario.
Clario is a lightweight app with a 24/7 data breach monitoring tool and a powerful antivirus to keep your Mac safe from malware whether it's delivered to your computer via O.MG cable or any other way.
Here's how to use Clario to protect your Mac:
1. Install a Clario free trial and create an account
2. Run a quick malware scan
3. Set up real-time protection
4. Activate Data breach monitor
5. Add emails you want to monitor for breaches
That's it, you're all set!
With hacking cables sold freely on the internet, you have to constantly be on the lookout for a data breach. Or you can simply protect your devices with reliable cybersecurity software and leave hackers empty-handed. Stay safe!


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Status conference is a legally mandated, court-ordered meeting with a judge (or sometimes an authorized counsel). The purpose behind it is to:
- Determine a date for the trial
- Obtain updated information on the defendant with ongoing conditions pre-set by the courts (like house arrest or home monitoring)
- If a party does not attend a status conference, the party's requests regarding scheduling changes could effectively be ignored.
- If a plaintiff, or a representative for the plaintiff, does not attend the status conference, the case may potentially be dismissed.
Introduction to Status Conferences
Have you ever found yourself muddled up in the complex world of legal proceedings, grappling with jargon like 'status conferences'? Many of us, even those from the legal profession, often struggle with understanding the structural labyrinth that makes up the legal system. Here at JED™ Platform, we're all about making the complex simple, so let's demystify one term: status conference.
A status conference is a critical mainstay in the legal process, intended to streamline case management and ensure efficiency. It is a court-ordered convening with a judge or an authorized counsel, held to lay the groundwork for trial proceedings, keep track of the case's progress, establish trial dates, and to update on any ongoing conditions determined earlier by the courts. Considerably significant, non-attendance at such a conference could potentially have repercussions – it could lead to requests for scheduling changes being overlooked or even result in case dismissals.
In our role of supporting pretrial services at JED™ Platform, we frequently engage with the reality of status conferences and understand the vital part they play within the wider legal landscape. This article will bring clarity on what exactly a status conference means, its purpose, and its implications, aiming to equip you with a clear, practical understanding of the term. Throughout we will prioritize simplicity, aiming to transmute complex ideas into easy-to-grasp concepts, just as we do with our reliable pretrial software solutions.
Status Conference – A Snapshot
Let's dive right in, unfolding what exactly a status conference stands for in the maze of legal terminologies!
The Purpose of a Status Conference
The status conference is a pivotal part of the court proceedings, serving as a platform for vital discussions and decisions. It is a court-ordered event that involves the parties and attorneys involved in a case. The primary purpose of a status conference is twofold: identifying the current status of the case and determining the next steps required to reach disposition.
Identifying the Current Status of the Case
The status conference gives everyone involved in the case a clear understanding of where they currently stand. This involves assessing the progress that has been made since the last status conference or hearing, discussing any conflicts or issues that have arisen, and evaluating the readiness of the parties for the trial.
The lawyers of the parties involved, along with the judge or magistrate, review the evidence, discuss potential resolutions, and address any procedural or substantive issues. This exercise ensures that everyone is on the same page and helps in avoiding any undue surprises or delays during the trial.
Determining the Next Steps Required to Reach Disposition
The status conference is not just about understanding where the case stands but also about planning the way forward. This involves setting timelines for completing pre-trial matters, such as discovery and motions, discussing plea bargains or settlement agreements, and scheduling further hearings or the trial itself.
The judge or magistrate plays a crucial role here, guiding the parties in their next steps and ensuring that the case moves along efficiently. The judge may also suggest mediation or other alternative dispute resolution options if it seems that the case could be resolved without a trial.
At JED™ Platform, we understand the importance of these conferences in the pretrial process. Our pretrial software solutions are designed to assist in fair risk assessments and provide effective monitoring services, ensuring that our clients are well-prepared and informed as they navigate through their legal journey.
In the next section, we'll delve deeper into the role of a status conference in different types of cases.
The Role of a Status Conference in Different Types of Cases
Understanding 'what is a status conference' and its role can greatly benefit our clients as they navigate their legal journey. The nature of a status conference can vary depending on the type of case involved.
Status Conference in Criminal Cases
In a criminal case, a status conference often involves the prosecution and defense attorneys exchanging evidence. This is a critical stage where the strength of each side's case becomes clearer, informing the strategies they will employ moving forward. Additionally, status conferences in criminal cases may also involve discussions about plea bargains. A plea bargain is an agreement in a criminal case where the defendant agrees to plead guilty to a particular charge in return for some concession from the prosecutor. This process can significantly expedite the resolution of a case, sparing the need for a full trial.
Status Conference in Civil Cases
In civil cases, a status conference can take a slightly different turn. Along with the exchange of evidence, attorneys also stipulate to certain terms and begin negotiations on a settlement agreement. A settlement is a resolution between disputing parties about a legal case, reached either before or after court action begins. The role of the judge in a civil status conference can be quite involved as they often give their opinion on settlement offers and coordinate timelines for other pre-trial matters.
Status Conference in Divorce Cases
When it comes to divorce cases, a status conference serves a unique purpose. It offers an opportunity for parties to discuss the progress of the case and what steps need to be taken before the case can be concluded. It also often serves as a platform for negotiation and resolution of issues related to property division, alimony, child custody, and support. By facilitating open lines of communication, a status conference can help prevent prolonged and contentious courtroom battles.
In all types of cases, the status conference plays a pivotal role in ensuring the legal process moves forward in a timely and efficient manner. At JED™ Platform, we are committed to providing our clients with the tools and support they need to navigate these crucial stages of their legal journey.
What Happens at a Status Conference?
When you're asking "what is a status conference," you're likely also curious about what exactly happens during one. Essentially, it's a meeting where attorneys from both sides come together to discuss the progress of the case and plan out the next steps. Here's a closer look at the key aspects of a status conference.
Exchange of Evidence
One of the primary activities during a status conference is the exchange of evidence. Here, the attorneys from both parties share the evidence they have gathered for their case. This can include documents, witness testimonies, or any other information relevant to the case. The aim is to ensure that all parties are on the same page regarding the evidence that will be presented in the trial. In a criminal case, this process often involves the prosecution and defense attorneys exchanging evidence, as noted by Cornell Law School.
Discussion of Plea Bargains or Settlement Agreements
In some instances, a status conference may also involve discussions about plea bargains or settlement agreements. Plea bargains are often discussed in criminal cases, where the defendant may agree to plead guilty to a lesser charge in exchange for a lighter sentence. On the other hand, civil cases may involve discussions about settlement agreements, where the parties aim to resolve the dispute without going to trial.
While it's not necessary that a plea or settlement will be agreed upon during the status conference, the discussion provides an opportunity for attorneys to negotiate and potentially find an acceptable resolution for all parties involved.
Setting Timelines for Pre-Trial Matters
Finally, a status conference often involves setting timelines for various pre-trial matters. This can include deadlines for the submission of evidence, dates for further hearings, or timelines for negotiations. As Cornell Law School points out, sometimes a judge will attend a status conference to give their opinion on plea or settlement offers and set timelines for other pre-trial matters.
In some cases, like in divorce cases, the Magistrate's goal during a status conference is to move your case along as quickly as possible but also carefully, according to Pine Tree Legal Assistance. Therefore, setting clear timelines is a crucial part of ensuring that the case progresses smoothly and efficiently.
At JED™ Platform, we understand the importance of a well-conducted status conference in ensuring that all parties are well-prepared for the trial. Our pretrial software solutions provide robust support to attorneys, helping them prepare effectively for status conferences and other crucial stages of the legal process.
The Consequences of Not Attending a Status Conference
A status conference is a crucial part of the pretrial process, and non-attendance can lead to serious consequences. It's important to understand the implications, so you can make informed decisions about your case.
Ignoring Requests for Scheduling Changes
If a party or their representative fails to attend the status conference, the court may ignore any requests made by that party for scheduling changes. This means that if you or your representative don't show up, you lose the ability to influence the timeline of your case. This could result in inconvenient court dates and deadlines, potentially putting you at a disadvantage as you prepare for trial.
Possible Dismissal of the Action
The consequences can be even more severe if the plaintiff or a representative of the plaintiff doesn't attend the status conference. According to the, the action may be dismissed entirely. In other words, the court might decide to close the case, and you lose the opportunity to pursue your claim or defend against a lawsuit.
It's important to note the role of the JED™ Platform in helping clients navigate these crucial stages of the pretrial process. Our software solutions aid in providing fair risk assessments and robust monitoring services, ensuring you stay on top of your responsibilities and never miss important events like a status conference.
In conclusion, understanding what a status conference is and the consequences of not


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This document describes principles and tools to control a manufacturing process in accordance with a GPS specification. For this purpose a set of one or more complementary, independent characteristics (size, form, orientation, and location characteristics independent to each other) that correlate to the manufacturing process parameters and to the manufacturing process coordinate system established from the manufacturing datum system are used.
This document describes the concept of decomposition of the macro-geometrical part of the GPS specification. It does not cover the micro-geometry, i.e. surface texture.
The objective of the decomposition presented in this document is to define correction values for manufacturing control or to perform a statistical analysis of the process.


What are some examples of formal operational thought?
Quick Answer
An example of formal operational thought would be imagining the outcome of a particular action that has yet to be undertaken. Formal operational thought, in general, involves the ability to think in the abstract, the ability to combine and classify items and the ability to use high-order reasoning skills.
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What are some examples of formal operational thought?
Credit: Anthony Harvie Stone Getty Images
Full Answer
Formal operational thought is the type of cognitive activity that occurs within the titular formal operational stage as articulated by Piaget's theory of cognitive development. According to Piaget, the formal operational stage begins at around age eleven. Another example of formal operational thought would be reasoning through word problems, which involve coming to conclusions about hypothetical situations that involve abstractions of physical objects. A key element of the formal operational stage is the ability to make an inference. Someone in this stage of cognitive development should be able to draw conclusions about things they have not actually experienced by considering information presented to them.
Piaget used a test called the 'third eye problem' to determine one's full transformation into the formal operational stage. Piaget asked children where on their body they would put an extra eye and why. Children around nine years old typically answered that the third eye should be located on the forehead. However, children in the eleven year old range typically suggested that a third eye should be placed on the hand for seeing around corners. This answer characterizes the abstract thinking and reasoning which characterizes the formal operational stage.
Learn more about Psychology
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Scientists Say Egg Shells Remove Hex Chrome from Water
24. October 2011
Scientists in China have developed an absorbent material made from waste eggshell membrane that can remove hexavalent chromium from contaminated water.
Current methods for removal include reduction, ion exchange and absorption. Biosorption is a type of absorption that uses a material that is not man-made, usually some kind of waste material. But scientists Yuming Huang and Bin Liu from Southwest University, Chongqing, have designed a new biosorbent using eggshells.
"As the by-product of food processing and manufacturing plants,eggshells represent a significant waste because they are traditionally useless after the production of eggs and egg derivatives," says Huang. "Using this waste to produce useful biomaterial for removal of Cr6 from water may be a good choice and opens up a pathway to using biowaste to treat toxic metals from water.'
Most biosorbents contain amine groups that remove the heavy metals through chelating cationic metal ions and/or absorbing anionic metal species. Eggshell membrane contains many surface functional groups, including amines, amides and carboxylic groups. The team modified ESM with polyethyleneimine, which has known metal chelation properties, and they tested the resulting bioabsorbent for its ability to remove Cr6 from water. Huang found that not only did it remove Cr6 but it also reduced some of the Cr6 to Cr3, suggesting that PEI-ESM can also detoxify Cr(VI).
"An increasingly diverse range of waste and natural materials have been shown to function as biosorbents for the decontamination of metal bearing waters," says Stuart Gibb from the Environmental Research Institute of The University of the Highlands and Islands, Thurso, UK. Gibb says that there are some issues that need to be addressed, but he feels the work shows promise. "The PEI functionalisation of waste eggshell membrane produces a modified biosorbent of significant novelty and interest."


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What does Bob mean?
The meaning of Bob is "bright fame".
Bob is generally used as a boy's name.
It consists of 3 letters and 1 syllable and is pronounced Bob.
The Given Name Bob
Embraced by many parents, the name Bob, is one of warmth and distinction.
A name fit for a child full of adventure and authenticness, a little trailblazer.
Although unique, your little attractive Bob, is sure to make it a memorable one.
Some famous bearers of this name include: Bob 'The Boomer' Brown, and Bob Acres.
In contrast, the year before it ranked 10,841 in baby name popularity for boys with 6 occurrences. Less than 5 girls were given the name.
The trend's your friend. See how Bob has changed in popularity since 1880 by visiting the Bob Name Popularity Page.
Bob Related Names
- Bob ~ 3 hurricanes
- Bob 'The Boomer' Brown ~ Football Player
- Bob Acres ~ The Rivals character
- Bob Cousy ~ Basketball Player
- Bob Davies ~ Basketball Player
- Bob Dylan ~ Folk Musician
- Bob Feller ~ Baseball Player
- Bob Gainey ~ Ice Hockey Player
- Bob Gibson ~ Baseball Player
- Bob Griese ~ Football Player
- Bob Hawke ~ Australian Prime Minister (_PHONE_)
- Bob Hayes ~ Football Player
- Bob Hope ~ Actor
- Bob Hoskins ~ Actor
- Bob Houbregs ~ Basketball Player
- Bob Kurland ~ Basketball Player
- Bob Lanier ~ Basketball Player
- Bob Lemon ~ Baseball Player
- Bob Lilly ~ Football Player
- Bob Marley ~ Musician
- Bob McAdoo ~ Basketball Player
- Bob Newhart ~ Actor
- Bob Peck ~ Actor
- Bob Pettit ~ Basketball Player
- Bob Pulford ~ Ice Hockey Player
- Bob St. Clair ~ Football Player
- Bob Waterfield ~ Football Player
It may all be in the numbers.
The numbers that make up your child's name.
Numerology may give you some insight.
Children named Bob are often animated and nervous but most of all they are read more >>
Bob Name Fun
Then just follow the diagram below.


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What is the Explanation of Maximum Duty Cycles for a Printer?
Some printers say they have a maximum duty cycle of 100,000 pages. And a recommended monthly duty cycle of 2000- 5000 pages per month. Why the difference? And what does the maximum duty cycle mean for laser printers when one is made by HP and the other by Lexmark or Kyocera Mita?
 - slide 1 of 5
 Maximum duty cyclesand different printers
 LexmarkLexmark T650n stock photo has printers rated for maximum monthly cycles of 200,000 pagesbut they recommend the monthly page volume for those printers actually be in the range of 3000-20,000 pages. (T650n MSRP $749.) HP has printers with monthly duty cycles of 225,000 pages, and their recommended print volume is 3000-1500 pages. (HP LaserJet P4015n printer, MSRP $1199.)
 - slide 2 of 5
 So what is a maximum duty cycle, anyhow?
 Obviously, the maximum monthly cycle is not a number that really affects how many pages you should expect to print a month. Some speculation in different articles and forum postings on the Internet suggest that the maximum monthly cycle may be related to how many pages you could expect to print in a month without causing it to malfunction or damaging it permanently.
 Most of the practical information on the Internet said that, because the duty cycle in printers varied so much between manufacturers, and because each company's maximum numbers differed from their recommended numbers, it was of very limited utility in deciding whether to buy a printer.
 Don't, however, buy a printer with a maximum duty cycle of 2000 pages a month, and routinely print 5000. The printer is not meant to stand up to such high use. Parts will wear out far sooner that their expected lifetime and may cost you a great deal more in service calls.
 - slide 3 of 5
 What can you learn from the maximum duty cycle?
 To get a measure of use out of what the maximum duty cycle means for laser printers, do some approximations based on your normal volume of printing. If the recommended monthly average is from 3000 – 20,000 pages, divide the highest number by two. If you print more than 10000 black and white pages a month, you should consider getting a printer rated for a higher recommended duty cycle. If you are printing in color, remember that your print head is going across each page four timesand divide the maximum recommended number by four. If you are going to be printing more than 5000 pages in color a month, or a combination of color and black and white that is approaching the maximum recommended number, you should think about getting a printer rated for a higher maximum duty cycle. And remember, if you are doing duplex printing, you should multiply those sheet numbers by two.
 - slide 4 of 5
 What you should consider before buying a laser printer
 More importantly, for choosing the best printer for your needs, look at the supplies. If you are printing 5000 pages a mHP LJ cm2320 mfc stock Photo onth, and your printer has a 250 sheet paper tray, you are going to be putting new paper into the printer practically every work day. If your toner cartridge is rated for 2000 pages, you are going to replace that two to three times a month as well. Those toner cartridges are expensive. That personal sized laser printer is probably going to need its fusor changed a lot more often than the Lexmark T650n's standard 300000 pages too.
 Look for a printer where you can get a high yield printer cartridge that will last you a couple months, minimum. And get a printer that has the ability to add on paper trays until you can pack a week's worth of paper into the printer at a time. For your 5000 pages of printing, try to get trays that add up to at least 1000 sheets and a toner cartridge that gives you 20000 average copies.
 Find out what parts need to be replaced on the printer throughout its lifetime. There are drums, fusers, and rollers, filters, and sometimes developer, depending on the printer. Check fuser prices and the number of pages you can print before you need to replace the fuser unit. Remember, replacing the fuser can often cost half the price of buying the printer. However, the printer is a plastic box with trays, a few gears, memory, and the interface to the printer, without the fuser. When you replace the fuser, there is no reason why you will not get another 300000 pages of printing.
 - slide 5 of 5
 How to pick a printer
 HP Laser Jet p1505n image In conclusion, while knowing what the maximum duty cycle of a printer is can be a shortcut to eliminating certain printers from your searchor a pointer to go to a more powerful printerthe numbers themselves are not all that important. Look at what you need your printer to do and pick some models that look like they can handle the volume of printing you need. Then look at all the other variables of things you need to buy besides the printer itself, to give yourself the total cost of ownership for each one. Then you can make an informed decision that will suit your needs without being a money pit.
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