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The uniformity coefficient (Cu), curvature coefficient (Cc) and the effective size (D10) are the grading characteristics of the soil. These are the geometric properties of a grading curve that describe a particular type of soil.
The features and determination of uniformity coefficient, curvature coefficient and the effective size is described in this article.
Grade Curve Characteristics
A grade size distribution curve is analyzed by using different particle sizes : D60, D30, and D10. The curve is the graph plotted between the percentage finer in y-axis to the particle size in x-axis in logarithmic scale. This is plotted based on the observations from sieve analysis conducted on the soil sample.
Also Read: Sieve Analysis of Soil
In the graph, the different particle sizes D10, D30 and D60 are represented as shown in figure-1 above.
D10 is called as effective particle size. This means that 10% percent of the particles are finer and 90% of the particles are coarser than D10. This is the size at 10% finer by weight.
Similarly, D60 is the particle size at which 60% of the particles are finer and 40% of the particles are coarser than D60 size. D30 is the size at which 30% is finer by weight and remaining 70% particles are coarser than D30 size. Hence, D10, D30 and D60 are used to determine the measures of gradation.
Measures of Gradation
The uniformity coefficient (Cu) and the coefficient of gradation (Cc) are the measures of soil gradation. These coefficients help to classify the soil as well graded or poorly graded ones.
Uniformity Coefficient (Cu)
The uniformity coefficient (Cu) is defined as the ratio of D60 to D10. A value of Cu greater than 4 to 6 classifies the soil as well graded. When Cu is less than 4, it is classified as poorly graded or uniformly graded soil.
Uniformly graded soil has identical particles with Cu value approximately equal to 1. A uniformity coefficient value of 2 or 3 classifies the soil as poorly graded. Beach sand comes under this category.
Higher value of Cu indicates that the soil mass consists of soil particles with different size ranges.
Coefficient of Curvature (Cc)
Coefficient of curvature is given by the formula:
For the soil to be well graded, the value of Cc must range between 1 and 3.
For any single sized soil mass, the value of both Cu and Cc is 1.


Home Tips & More Best Ways To Taste Dab
Best Ways To Taste Dab
Top Ways To Taste Dab. Dab bottle.
Best Ways To Taste Dab
Top Ways To Taste Dab. Dab bottle.
Best Ways To Taste Dab
If you don't know about the dabbing process, when you finish reading this article, you will be more informed. One of the ideal things that many recreational users have come to find out is best ways to taste dab. It has a sensational taste, but may not be for everyone. Dab is a tiny dose of marijuana concentrate and dabbing is the process to which dab is made. The process involves putting a dose of marijuana concentrate on a heated dab nail, after which you would inhale it to reach that high. The dab nail looks like a water pipe attachment.
Tiny Rig
If you wanted to reach a certain flavor during your session of inhaling the dab, it is best to choose a dab rig that has a tiny chamber and joint size. Generally, the dab rig should be as small as possible to improve the flavor. It traps the flavor and saves it or you would say, it preserves the dab taste. It also regulates the air flow. This helps the user to have a longer inhale in one breath. It is suggested taht you use an oil right that has minimum diffusion since it maximizes the competence and minimizes the compression of the oil inside the dab rig. When the joints are smaller, they also provide sustained and smoother inhalation in comparison to the chugging that the user might experience as a large dab rig is cleared.
Adding the Quartz Insert or Quartz Nail
Your dab nail is crucial to the dabbing procedure, allowing for one of the best ways to taste dab. The process heats up the dab nail with the use of a coil or torch. The torch material is usually made of quartz, titanium or ceramic. Each of these materials has their own advantages and disadvantages. It is recommended that you use quartz since it improves the flavor. It could be either a quartz insert or quartz nail. What is most important is that you use a surface that is quartz.
The Temperature
Your temperature when you are dabbing should be low and consistent. This is true if you are seeking the maximum flavor each time you carry out the dabbing process. It would be better to ue an electric nail instead of a torch, if you want to manage and maintain the desired flavor. When you use the e-nail or electric nail, it also heats the surface where the dabbing process takes place, but you are able to manage its temperature in a specific manner; thereby allowing you to perfect the desired temperature. Set your temperature between 550-650°Fahrenheit. That is where the sweet spot seems to be.
Refined Concentrate
Your next step to taste dab that is of the highest quality would be to use refined concentrate. If you are going to ingest concentrate from solvent, then you should make sure that the oil has no contaminate, residue from the solvent or plant matter. It would be better to use live resin instead. Extracts without the use of solvent tend to give an enhanced flavor because it preserves the terpenes. The reason could be the fact that it consists of heads of isolated glandular trichome, which have a lot of terpenes in them.
Final Thoughts
One of the ideal ways to taste dab without the high presence of THC would be to dab CBD. This is an effective way as it relates to dab consumption. If you are not privy to cannabis concentrate for your dabbing process, you can make it for yourself using rosin. This can be done safely from your home. You should give this a try soon!
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A gathering of leaders from Insight Meditation centers and groups
to cultivate the seed of Insight in the West
The InterSangha meeting began in 2009 as a gathering for leaders from California groups, but quickly expanded to include all of North America in 2010. Now the meeting is organized by the Buddhist Insight Network and regularly attracts 60 or more leaders from several dozen groups.
The overarching purpose is to create community and generate collective wisdom around developing our Insight sanghas and the Insight Meditation Movement as a whole. Through these meetings, we are forming a network of support – a "sangha of sanghas."
Participants have the opportunity to:
- Practice and share dialogue with other leaders in the Insight Meditation Movement
- Learn what other groups around North America, and beyond, are doing
- Share what their own group is doing
- Gain practical tools to serve their communities
- Meet people, make friends, and find inspiration
- Help envision the emerging role of the Insight Community in wider society
InterSangha occurs in a field of generosity. The meeting is offered freely. A volunteer cooking team supplies meals each day, and attendees themselves wash dishes and help clean the center. All of this group effort makes for a stronger sense of community, allowing our work together to unfold beautifully. Please see also the pages for individual meetings:

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
length of an amah equals 53.34 centimeters or 21.0 inches. Cf., Encylopedia Talmudit, II, 29, where the length of an amah is given as 54 centimeters according to Arukh ha-Shulhan.
Teshuvot Hatam Sofer states that the length of a fingerwidth is a "zoll." Since a biblical amah is equal to 24 fingerwidths, the length of an amah according to Hatam Sofer equals 24 zoll. Da'at Torah, Yoreh De'ah, Kuntres Aharon 35:116 states that the zoll is equal to 2.6 centimeters. That calculation is apparently also assumed by Darkei Teshuvah and Encyclopedia Talmudit. [Cf., however, Encyclopedia Britannica, loc. cit., which describes the zoll as a Swiss unit of measure equal to 3 centimeters.] Encyclopedia Talmudit, ad locum, indicates that, according to Hatam Sofer, the length of an amah is 62.4 centimeters or 24.567 inches. Thus a mil, according to Hatam Sofer, would equal 1248.0 meters or 4094.49 feet. Darkei Teshuvah 19:27 notes that the amah was marginally enlarged by rabbinic decree and, accordingly, should be calculated as 241/2 zoll. Darkei Teshuvah endorses the position of Hatam Sofer and states that the length of an amah according to Hatam Sofer is 63.8 centimeters. Thus, according to Darkei Teshuvah, an amah equals 25.12 inches and, accordingly, a mil equals 1276 meters or 4186.35 feet. Hatam Sofer's calculations are thus significantly greater than those of the earlier-cited authorities.
Darkei Teshuvot also cites a certain "Rabbi of Yasi" who calculated the amah as "no more than" 52 or 53 centimeters and an anonymous scholar who differed and calculated the amah as approximately 581/2 centimeters. Darkei Teshuvah also quotes She'erit Yisra'el, Parashat Mezora, who calculates the amah as 211/6 zoll or 56 centimeters and further opines that one who calculates the amah as 221/8 zoll or 57 centimeters is to be commended. Darkei Teshuvah cites an additional source for the latter calculation as well.
Da'at Torah, Yoreh De'ah, Kuntres Aharon 35:116, cites authorities who variously posit the length of an amah as 47 centimeters, 55.25 centimeters, a bit more than 57 centimeters and 58.5 centimeters, as well as one authority who asserts that according to Rashi the amah equals 43.8 centimeters, according to Shakh 45.02 centimeters, according to Taz 47.34 centimeters and according to Rambam 50 centimeters. See also the measurements ascribed to earlier authorities by Rabbi Weiss, Midot u- Mishkalot shel Torah, pp. 198-264 as well as the table presented ibid., introduction, p. 8. See also R. Moshe Shimshon Bacharach, Hut haShani, no. 97.
For a table correlating many of these measurements of the amah with the volume of the liquid revi'it see Midot u-Mishkalot shel Torah, introd., p. 8. Rabbi Kanievsky, Shi'urin shel Torah, p. 51, cites a discussion in the Palestinian Talmud, Terumot 10:7, that is understood by some authorities, including Riva, Commentary on the Pentateuch, Parashat Mishpatim; Ma'adanei Yom Tov, Berakhot 3:30; and Tosafot Yom Tov, Pe'ah 6:6, as indicating that a revi'it equals 240 grams. If so, an amah would appear to equal 73.368 centimeters or 28.885 inches. Rabbi Kanievsky categorizes that calculation of the revi'it as "extremely large" and as "not imagined by earlyday authorities."
Amah = Sacred Cubit
Amah = Hamah = one of the three words for the Sun
Radius of the Sun (R) = 695,_PHONE_ km
Tangent β = 0.00465041
Length A-C = 1 sacred cubit = 63.5cm
Earth's equator (length) = 40,077.27418 km
Equator = circle= 360 degrees = 21,600 minutes
40,077.27418 : 21,600 = 1.85542936 km
1 degree (Equator) = 1.85542936 km
1 : 100.000 = 1 cm on the particular drawing = 100.000 cm in the realty
A-C = 1 sacred cubit = 25 inches = 63.5 cm
Circle Z (circumference) = 1.85542936 cm
Diameter of the circle Z = 0.590602007 cm
Radius (R) of the circle Z = 0.295301004 cm
0.295301004 : 2 = 0.147650502 cm = 1/100,000 of the G. Pyramid's height
0.295301004 : 63.5 = 0.00465041 = tangent β
Sacred Cubit was created from the Earth's and the Sun's measurements.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Keywords: technology trajectories, innovation policy, developing countries, Malaysia, technology management, knowledge management, manufacturing, services, product innovation, process innovation, organisational innovation
Knowledge, technology trajectories, and innovation in a developing country context: evidence from a survey of Malaysian firms
This paper investigates the applicability of contemporary firm-level innovation concepts to a developing country context by drawing on the results of a survey of Malaysian manufacturing and service establishments. We build on Keith Pavitt's 'technology trajectories' framework to empirically test the effect of firms' structure, strategy, resources, and environment on the probability of their product, process, and organisational innovations across various sectors. We find that Malaysian firms possess relatively high process and organisational innovation capabilities, but lag in new product development. Further, they more frequently utilise a variety of'soft factors' like employee training, knowledge management practices, and collaboration with market actors as inputs to innovation rather than formal R&D. We conclude by discussing the implications of our findings about Malaysian firms' technology trajectories to innovation policy in that country.


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Hair dryers have long been blamed for causing damage to hairs with the amount of heat they use. Sadly, many people, especially those with long, thick locks, cannot wait to dry naturally before leaving home for the day. Therefore, research has been ongoing into the technology of drying hairs. One advance that has been shown to benefit the hairs is the use of ions. But many still wonder, "What is ionic hair dryer?"
These are so named because they actually emit negative ions (particles that carry a negative electrical charge). These ions bond with strands, which carries a positive charge. The bonding causes the water to evaporate more quickly than simply adding heat. It also helps to close the follicles and smooth strands.
The ions produced help to lock moisture in and keep it from becoming too dry and brittle. Because the negative ions bond with positive ions in the strands, static electricity is neutralized, which makes the tresses so much easier to style. It also helps to make the strands look more shiny.
One problem with ionic technology is that it often straightens the subject strands too much, leaving it hanging limply. However, there are many models on the market that allow one to adjust the amount of ionization that occurs inside the unit or to turn the ionization completely off so they can "fluff" the locks and thus and add some volume.
Andis 75370 Tourmaline Ionic/Ceramic 1875 Watt Hair Dryer. The Ionic on/off switch on this hair dryer gives you the power to use ionization whenever you want. When the LED indicator turns blue, the ions are at maximum power.
Understanding what the dryer is makes it easy to see why this technology is beneficial to maintaining a healthy hairdo. This technology is often coupled with other advances in the science of strands, such as the use of ceramic inside dryers to provide more even temperatures and require less damaging heat. The most advanced dryers on the market today also use tourmaline.
Tourmaline is a gem stone (semi-precious) that has some unique properties when exposed to electricity. It produces both heat (infrared) and negative ions. This combination actually works to split apart water droplets at the molecular level. This makes the hairs dry faster with less heat applied and locks in moisture.
The ionic hair dryer is only the best thing that has ever happened to the dryer industry. Now, instead of being avoided because they damage hair strands and create frizz, dryers are more useful as tools to maintain healthy hair and avoid frizziness or brittleness.


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Board of Governors' Award for Excellence in Teaching
The winner receives a citation and a one-time stipend of $12,500. One recipient is selected by each of the 16 constituent institutions of the UNC system. Letter of Recommendation required.Submit a Nomination
- Any tenured faculty member who has taught at UNC-Chapel Hill for at least seven years is eligible. This includes faculty members in Academic Affairs, Health Affairs, and professional schools.
- Nominees must be teaching undergraduates in the academic year in which they are selected.
- Recipients must have demonstrated excellent or exceptional undergraduate teaching over a sustained period of time, and nominations should document that record.
- Nominees must be teaching in the academic year in which they are nominated.
- Faculty members may receive this award only once. Check the list of previous winners to be sure.
The committee screens nominations and selects several finalists, who are asked to submit a portfolio for review. The portfolio includes, but is not limited to, the following:
- A current curriculum vitae
- A statement articulating the nominee's teaching philosophy and methods used to achieve educational goals. This statement may include contributions the nominee has made to the intellectual environment at UNC-Chapel Hill and any special or innovative methods they employ.
- Copies of syllabi and other relevant course materials from three courses the nominee has taught and samples of materials from other teaching and learning activities
- A summary of student ratings of courses and other educational experiences that have been evaluated in the previous two years
- Copies of any peer teaching observations
- Names of two or three colleagues and up to five former students of the nominee from whom the selection committee may request evaluations. Nominees are also asked to provide class rolls so current students may be contacted.
The committee may also collect additional data or materials about the nominees' teaching, including videotapes, classroom observation by committee members, and telephone interviews with alumni and current students. The committee will forward its recommendations to the Chancellor.


Revision as of 08:50, 1 August 2012 by hamishwillee (Talk | contribs)
How to simulate pointer events
From Nokia Developer Wiki
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Article Metadata
Code ExampleCompatibility
Platform(s): S60 5th Edition
S60 5th Edition
Keywords: CCoeControl, RWsSession
Created: chenziteng (28 Sep 2009)
Last edited: hamishwillee (01 Aug 2012)
The wiki article Simulating Pointer Events introduced a way to simulate pointer events within an application. However, sometimes a program may need to send pointer events to other applications. This article describes how to simulate pointer events by RWsSession::SimulateRawEvent(), and explains why it is impossible to send pointer event to a background application by RWsSession::SendEventToWindowGroup().
The RWsSession::SimulateRawEvent() can be used to simulate pointer events, i.e. send pointer events to the foreground application. Assume that the phone is in portrait mode, then the following code can simulate a touch operation on the "Options" CBA button area. If the foreground application has the "Options" CBA button then its options menu will be popped up.
TPoint p(60,600); // within the "Options" CBA button area
TRawEvent event;
event.Set(TRawEvent::EButton1Down, p.iX, p.iY);
iCoeEnv->WsSession().SimulateRawEvent(event); // SwEvent
event.Set(TRawEvent::EButton1Up, p.iX, p.iY);
Source Code
Full example:
How to use it on emulator:
 1. Build the application for winscw and then start the emulator
 2. Start the application and then press the "Multi-task" key (also called the Menu key),
How to use it on target:
 1. Sign the HelloWorld_gcce.sis with a certificate that can grant SwEvent capability
 2. Install the signed installation package on the phone and then start it.
 3. Press the "Multi-task" key
You can see the app sends itself to background and then the foreground application (the Main menu) pops up its options menu.
Many developers tried to send pointer events to a selected application by RWsSession::SendEventToWindowGroup(), but always the target application crashed with KERN-EXEC 3 panic.
To know why it is a Mission Impossible to send pointer events in this way, we shall first understand the convention between CONE and Window Server:
 1. When a window-owning control (CCoeControl) is constructed the address of the control is used as the handle of the window.
 2. When there is a pointer event the Window Server decides which window shall handle it, and then assigns the window handle to the event.iHandle, and then sends the event to the app that owns the window.
 3. When the app CONE received the event, it casts the event.iHandle to a CCoeControl pointer and then call pointer->HandlePointerEventL(event);
So if the code looks like this:
TWsEvent event;
event.SetHandle(0); // "what the handle is? Anyway clear it..."
TPointerEvent& pointerEvent = *(event.Pointer());
pointerEvent.iType = TPointerEvent::EButton1Down;
pointerEvent.iParentPosition = TPoint(0,0);
pointerEvent.iPosition = TPoint(10,10);
pointerEvent.iModifiers = 0;
ws.SendEventToWindowGroup(...); // // send the event to app1
When the app1 receives the event the bad thing will happen:
// CONE code
CCoeControl* ctrl = reinterpret_cast(event.Handle());
ctrl->HandlePointerEventL(*(event.Pointer())); // KERN-EXEC 3 because ctrl equals NULL
The Window Server is in charge of all the windows so it knows what the iHandle should be, but you don't know, so "Window Server's score:100. Yours:0!"
PS: RWindowGroup::Child() can return the client handle but we can not take it for granted that it is a CCoeControl pointer.
The CONE source code included in ER5 SDK (log-in required).
This page was last modified on 1 August 2012, at 08:50.
71 page views in the last 30 days.


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The magneto-plasmon dispersion relation of a quasi-three-dimensional electron gas confined in a wide AlxGa1-x As parabolic quantum well is investigated in the magnetic quantum limit. Magneto-plasma excitations polarized perpendicular to the magnetic field and with wave vector q of the order of the inverse magnetic length 1 l0 are measured in far infrared magneto-transmission experiments on 100 nm thick electron slabs. A minimum is found in the magneto-plasma mode frequency at ql0 ≈ 2 suggesting the existence of a magneto-roton excitation. The collective excitation spectrum is calculated in analogy with Feynman's theory for rotons in helium, and is found to be in good qualitative agreement with the measurement.
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Condensed Matter Physics
- Surfaces and Interfaces
- Surfaces, Coatings and Films
- Materials Chemistry


text:
Definitions for sfumatosfuˈmɑ toʊ
Random House Webster's College Dictionary
gradation of tone used to blur the outlines of a form in painting.
Category: Fine Arts
Origin of sfumato:
1840–50; < It, ptp. of sfumare to gradate tone or color
In painting, the application of subtle layers of translucent paint so that there is no visible transition between colors, tones and often objects.
Origin: sfumato,'shaded, toned down' (1909)
having vague outlines, and colors and shades so mingled as to give a misty appearance; -- said of a painting


Edit Article
Tomatoes are not only food a person can eat, but also it can help refresh your face and reduce any pimples.
 1. 1
 Wash and dry your face before starting.
 2. 2
 Cut a tomato in half.
 3. 3
 Pour about a spoonful of sugar in a shallow dish.
 4. 4
 Gently press the tomato half into the sugar.
 5. 5
 Press the tomato half onto your face and move it around in circles.
 6. 6
 Wait 10 minutes.
 7. 7
 Wash your face and feel fresh.
 - It's good to do this method twice a week.
 - Avoid putting too much sugar on the tomato.
 - Discard the used tomato half afterwards.
Things You'll Need
 - Sugar
 - Shallow dish
 - 1/2 tomato
 - Knife
Article Info
Categories: Handmade Cosmetics | Facial Preparations
In other languages:
Español: usar un tomate para limpiar tu piel, Italiano: Usare il Pomodoro per Pulire la Pelle, Русский: использовать помидоры для очистки кожи, Português: Usar um Tomate para Limpar a sua Pele
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Tent Stove Terminology
What is a Tent Stove?
A tent stove is a wood-burning appliance designed to be used inside a tent as a heat source and/or cooking device. All wood stoves consist of the same basic design components: An enclosed fire box with a fuel loading door, air intake to deliver oxygen to the fire, and a flue pipe system to vent smoke and combustion byproduct to the outside atmosphere. Generally, tent stoves are smaller, lighter, and more portable versions of the wood stoves found in homes. There are several types of tent stoves which vary in design, materials, and features to cater to a range of environments and applications – not exclusive to use in tents as the name suggests.
Tent stove terminology varies and uniquely reflective of the array of cultures and applications in which they are used.
- Descriptive expressions are most common, i.e. cylinder stoves, portable wood stoves, and wood-burning camp stove.
- Colorado Stove is the most widely used location-based designation.
- Operator specific synonyms for tent stove are the most interesting and diverse including sheepherder stove, guide stove, outfitter stove, glamping stove, cowboy stove, and camp cookers.
- DIY tent stoves are typically named after their repurposed parts – think ammo can, coffee can, or steel drum.
- Propane fired camping stoves are often confused with tent stoves, despite being extremely dangerous to use in a tent.
Featured: Sibley 500 Pro
What is a Hot Tent?
The term 'hot tent' is a common way of describing a canvas tent set up with a portable wood burning tent stove. 'Hot tenting' refers to be the activity of camping with a tent and tent stove.
Hot Tent (noun) a canvas tent that is heated with a wood burning tent stove
"I'm bringing my hot tent, we'll be fine even if it is freezing outside"
Hot Tent (verb) to heat a tent with a wood burning tent stove
"I'm going to hot tent, we'll be fine even if it is freezing outside."
Hot Tent (adjective) A tent that either warm, or attractive, or both.
"You brought the CanvasCamp? Dude, that's a hot tent!"
Ready to start hot tenting? Apply your tent stove expertise and shop for the best tent stove for you. Learn more about wood burning tent stoves by exploring our Tent Stove Buyers Guide – the complete guide to buying, owning, and operating a tent stove.


text:
VOOPOO VFL Operating Instructions:
How To Fill Liquid into VOOPOO VFL:
1. Pull up the silicone plug then fill in the liquid (see picture a). 2. Put back the silicone plug.
How To Assemble:
1. Connect the filled liquid pod with
The pod and the nozzle
VOOPOO VFL Kit Basic Functions:
- Power Button on/off: Press the power button on/off five times continuously within 2s, all gear position lights will be on for 3s.
- Vaping trigger mode: MIC trigger smoking mode
- Preheating: Press the preheat button 3 times continuously within 2s to start preheating the current set voltage gear lamp flashing prompt. The preheat cycle time is 15s. If you want to stop preheating, press the preheat button once or keep to vaping.
- Voltage setting: Press this button continuously within 2 times to switch over: 2.5v/3.0v/3.5v cycles
- Low battery power prompt charge: 3 Voltage level indicator light from high to low lamp lit after all on 2s, after five cycles then close the tips.
- Protection function: output short circuit protection, low power protection, overcharge and over discharge protection and vaping overtime protection.
VOOPOO VFL Charging:
How to charge:
Twist the bottom 90 degrees to find the USB port. When charging is complete, twist it back to its original.
Micro USB charging: 5V – 500mA;
When USB plug in to charge the device, 3 voltage indicator light flashing from bottom to top during


text:
Individual differences |
Methods | Statistics | Clinical | Educational | Industrial | Professional items | World psychology |
Developmental Psychology: Cognitive development · Development of the self · Emotional development · Language development · Moral development · Perceptual development · Personality development · Psychosocial development · Social development · Developmental measures
A comfort object is an item used to provide psychological comfort, especially in unusual or unique situations or at bedtime for small children. Though many toddlers prefer a teddy bear or doll, a stuffed animal, a favorite blanket, or even a toy such as a dump truck could be a comfort object at some stages, as the notion is that the familiarity of said object will help the child feel better, go to sleep faster, or feel less stress in a new situation.
Comfort objects are very common among toddlers and preschool aged children, and while some give them up soon after entering school, the age at which one no longer needs a comfort object varies, as does the time one might need one. Some teenagers have been known to still sleep with comfort objects, though they will probably not talk to them as a small child might. Even adults can use comfort objects at times, as elderly people in nursing homes have been known to be comforted after being given a stuffed bear or doll. The theory is that this reminds them of the more serene moments of childhood.
|This page uses Creative Commons Licensed content from Wikipedia (view authors).|


Sarthaks Test
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A vessel is in the form of a hollow hemisphere mounted by a hollow cylinder. The diameter of the hemisphere is 14 cm and the total height of the vessel is 13 cm. Find the inner surface area of the vessel.[Use π = 22/7]
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Best answer
It can be observed that radius (r) of the cylindrical part and the hemispherical part is the same (i.e., 7 cm).
Height of hemispherical part = Radius = 7 cm
Height of cylindrical part (h) = 13 −7 = 6 cm
Inner surface area of the vessel = CSA of cylindrical part + CSA of hemispherical part
= 2 πrh + 2π r2
Inner surface area of vessel
= 2 x 22/7 x 7 x 6 +2 x 22/7 x 7
= 44(6+7)
= 44 x 13
= 572 cm2
Related questions


How to Respond to Tragic Events and CalamitiesQuiz
This quiz is a complementary resource for activity 3 of this lesson: How to Explain Calamities and Tragic Events to Madrassah Children
Through this quiz students are tested on their understanding of how a believer responds to tragic events emotionally, physically and intellectually. Additionally, they are tested on their correct understanding of the concept of Qadar in relation to calamities that no one has control over, ones that are self-caused and ones that are caused by others to us.


text:
Did you know that Hook Grasses can control water loss by folding up their leaves?
Contrary to their common name, Hook Grasses are not grasses but Sedges and they belong to the family Cyperaceae. Sedges are commonly found in wet or poorly drained habitats. Hook Grasses, however, can be found in a much greater diversity of habitats.
In New Zealand, Hook Grasses can grow in costal scrub, forests, swamps, grasslands or herbfields in sub-alpine and alpine habitats.
Although Hook Grasses have colonised drier habitats, water is still important for their survival and they use a very clever system, operated by so-called bulliform cells, to regulate water loss. Bulliform cells are large, bubble-shaped cells found in the upper surface of the leaves. In Hook Grasses these cells are found all along the midrib.
When water availability is low, these cells shrink causing the leaf blade to fold. Each side of the leaf blade, at either side of the midrib, moves towards each other like closing a book. By folding their leaves these sedges reduce the area exposed to sunlight and therefore water loss by evaporation.
This mechanism allows water to be maintained inside the plant. Once water is available again, these cells enlarge and the leaf blade unfolds again.


Malic acid
Malic acid
is a white, crystal powder with sour taste, that was found 1785 in apple juice. It is a chemical compound that occurs as left-turning L-malic acid and right-turning D-malic acid. In nature the L-malic acid occurs in unripe fruits to prevent to be eaten. During ripening malic acid is degraded. It is obtained by a chemical process from fumaric acid or maleic acid and is a mixture of D- and L-malic acid. The malic acid is soluble in water and in ethanol. The product results as an intermediate of the energy metabolism of every living cell. For humans it is one kg a day. The esters and salts are called malates.
Product details
CAS number:97-67-6; 636-61-3; 6915-15-7
Origin country: India, China, United States
Physical state:firm
Durability:2 years
Your contact
Furkan Budak
Phone.: +49 (0)157/76379937
Gerhard Schorsch
Phone.: +49 (0)157/76379887


text:
The post of Large Floor Standing Mirror was published on October 27, 2017 at 5:42 pm. It is published at the Floor category. Large Floor Standing Mirror is tagged with Large Floor Standing Mirror, Large, Floor, Standing, Mirror..
Largelarge (lärj),USA pronunciation adj., larg•er, larg•est, n., adv.
- of more than average size, quantity, degree, etc.;
exceeding that which is common to a kind or class;
great: a large house; in large measure; to a large extent.
- on a great scale: a large producer of kitchen equipment.
- of great scope or range;
- grand or pompous: a man given tolarge, bombastic talk.
- (of a map, model, etc.) representing the features of the original with features of its own that are relatively large so that great detail may be shown.
important: He's very large in financial circles.
- unrestrained in the use of language;
- unrestrained in behavior or manner;
- free (def. 33).
- the longest note in mensural notation.
- at large:
- free from restraint or confinement;
at liberty: The murderer is still at large.
- to a considerable extent;
at length: to treat a subject at large.
- as a whole;
in general: the country at large.
- Also, at-large. representing the whole of a state, district, or body rather than one division or part of it: a delegate at large.
- in large, on a large scale;
from a broad point of view: a problem seen in large.Also, in the large.
- with the wind free or abaft the beam so that all sails draw fully.
Floorfloor (flôr, flōr),USA pronunciation n.
- that part of a room, hallway, or the like, that forms its lower enclosing surface and upon which one walks.
- a continuous, supporting surface extending horizontally throughout a building, having a number of rooms, apartments, or the like, and constituting one level or stage in the structure;
- a level, supporting surface in any structure: the elevator floor.
- one of two or more layers of material composing a floor: rough floor; finish floor.
- a platform or prepared level area for a particular use: a threshing floor.
- the bottom of any more or less hollow place: the floor of a tunnel.
- a more or less flat extent of surface: the floor of the ocean.
- the part of a legislative chamber, meeting room, etc., where the members sit, and from which they speak.
- the right of one member to speak from such a place in preference to other members: The senator from Alaska has the floor.
- the area of a floor, as in a factory or retail store, where items are actually made or sold, as opposed to offices, supply areas, etc.: There are only two salesclerks on the floor.
- the main part of a stock or commodity exchange or the like, as distinguished from the galleries, platform, etc.
- the bottom, base, or minimum charged, demanded, or paid: The government avoided establishing a price or wage floor.
- an underlying stratum, as of ore, usually flat.
- the bottom of a hull.
- any of a number of deep, transverse framing members at the bottom of a steel or iron hull, generally interrupted by and joined to any vertical keel or keelsons.
- the lowermost member of a frame in a wooden vessel.
- mop or wipe the floor with, [Informal.]to overwhelm completely;
defeat: He expected to mop the floor with his opponents.
- take the floor, to arise to address a meeting.
- to cover or furnish with a floor.
- to bring down to the floor or ground;
knock down: He floored his opponent with one blow.
- to overwhelm;
- to confound or puzzle;
nonplus: I was floored by the problem.
- Also, floorboard. to push (a foot-operated accelerator pedal) all the way down to the floor of a vehicle, for maximum speed or power.
Standingstand•ing (stan′ding),USA pronunciation n.
- rank or status, esp. with respect to social, economic, or personal position, reputation, etc.: He had little standing in the community.
- good position, reputation, or credit: He is a merchant of standing in the community.
- length of existence, continuance, residence, membership, experience, etc.: a friend of long standing.
- standings, a list of teams or contestants arranged according to their past records: According to the standings, the White Sox are leading the division by three games.
- the act of a person or thing that stands.
- a place where a person or thing stands.
- the right to initiate or participate in a legal action: having standing as a friend of the court.
- having an erect or upright position: a standing lamp.
- performed in or from an erect position: a standing jump.
not flowing or stagnant, as water;
- continuing without cessation or change;
lasting or permanent.
- continuing in operation, force, use, etc.: a standing rule.
- customary or habitual;
generally understood: We have a standing bridge game every Friday night.
- kept for use in subsequent printings: standing type.
- out of use;
idle: a standing engine.
- noting any of various objects or assemblages of objects fixed in place or position, unless moved for adjustment or repairs: standing bowsprit.
- [Knots.]noting the part of a rope that is in use and terminates in a knot or the like.
Mirrormir•ror (mir′ər),USA pronunciation n.
- a reflecting surface, originally of polished metal but now usually of glass with a silvery, metallic, or amalgam backing.
- such a surface set into a frame, attached to a handle, etc., for use in viewing oneself or as an ornament.
- any reflecting surface, as the surface of calm water under certain lighting conditions.
- a surface that is either plane, concave, or convex and that reflects rays of light.
- something that gives a minutely faithful representation, image, or idea of something else: Gershwin's music was a mirror of its time.
- a pattern for imitation;
exemplar: a man who was the mirror of fashion.
- a glass, crystal, or the like, used by magicians, diviners, etc.
- with mirrors, by or as if by magic.
- to reflect in or as if in a mirror.
- to reflect as a mirror does.
- to mimic or imitate (something) accurately.
- to be or give a faithful representation, image, or idea of: Her views on politics mirror mine completely.
- (of a canon or fugue) capable of being played in retrograde or in inversion, as though read in a mirror placed beside or below the music.
Large Floor Standing Mirror have 6 images including Contemporary Palm Floor Standing Mirror, Mirror Large Floor Mirrors With A Hanger And Womens Clothing Large Floor Mirrors For The Impressive Idea Easel For. Stands. Ornate. Very Standing., Large Decorative Standing Floor Mirrors | Decorative Full Length., Extra Large, Radius Corner Mirror With Large Potted Cactus Via One Hundred Layer Cake /, 17 Best Ideas About Floor Standing Mirror On Pinterest | Large Standing Mirror, Mirrors And Bedroom Mirrors, Omg! I Need The Chair And The Mirror. Below are the pictures:
Large Floor Standing Mirror is being combined with regularity that is growing. A growing number of homeowners realize that they could use skill within their restroom. There are many different choices to pick from. It is just of thinning your final decision to just one choice a matter. Large Floor Standing Mirrors that is classic are often square or round.
Components that are normal contain pottery or stainlesssteel. Which standard components are superior, for authentic ornamental you can choose materials like cement or marble. The texture's quality is very beautiful and provides the bathroom and genuine episode.
You'll be able to and really should favor a Large Floor Standing Mirror that is uneven if you like blooms. This design resembles an ornamental bowl that is bright that is beautiful with blossoms adoring the bowl's very best side. It is fitted effortlessly underneath the desk and seems quite beautiful.
For anything a little unique you'll be able to select a seriously ranked Large Floor Standing Mirror. One end of the raise is barely an inch heavy, whilst the suggestion of the square could be the normal level for the drain. You need to possess a larger counter room to support this type however it is stunning to all and observe sorts of enjoyment showing off for your buddies. You can even find different styles for example block. Some features while others have a dish that resembles a semicircle, a pan that's precisely the same degree through the jar. Both designs are just a matter of identifying which will continue to work best-in your bathroom.
Another funky that is modern style but also is actually a leaf-. When displayed alongside this style seems really lovely. Dual leaf leaves almost resemble grapes that collapsed beautifully in your toilet stand.
This is possibly only a drain for that room, if you have a guest toilet that really needs a more elegant feel. With a great number of unique variations that you could pick, there should be function that fits you when creating a determination. But again, nobody says that bathroom remodeling that is prosperous will undoubtedly be a straightforward job.


Hours of Study
Our study program is serious and intensive, yet is structured to allow for regular study on-line while also working or fulfilling other responsibilities. It is ideal for those who like self-study, yet desire a certain structure and guidance along the way.
The first three levels of Romantic Science set the foundations for later study. They represent the equivalent of approximately 2 years of post-secondary, college-level study, roughly about 1800 hours of study-equivalent.
Each of the specific streams of RomanticScience Healthcare represent a further 2000 hours of study time. In addition each Clinical Internship is approximately 1500 hours of training.
Completion of a Medicine or Regimen Practitioner Program is roughly equivalent to a four-year college diploma. This represents a significant achievement. Our students are justifiably proud of their certificates and diplomas.
However, study is structured so that this can be done over time, at your pace and while also working or practicing. Once you have achieved a practitioner level diploma in one stream, you can start a practice while continuing to work on furthering your studies and training.
 - Romantic Healthcare
Explore a World of Possibilities
© 2013 by HCH. Created with Wix.com
Telephone: _PHONE_


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The effective maintenance scheduling of power system\ud generators is very important to a power utility for the\ud economical and reliable operation of a power system.\ud Many mathematical methods have been implemented for\ud generator maintenance scheduling (GMS). However,\ud these methods have many limitations and require many\ud approximations. Here a Genetic Algorithm is proposed\ud for GMS problems in order to overcome some of the\ud limitations of the conventional methods.\ud This paper formulates a general GMS problem using a\ud reliability criterion as an integer programming problem,\ud and demonstrates the use of GAs with three different\ud problem encodings: binary, binary for integer and\ud integer. The GA performances for each of these\ud representations are analysed and compared for a test\ud problem based on a practical power system scenario. The\ud effects of different GA parameters are also studied. The\ud results show that the integer GA is a very effective\ud method for GMS problems
To submit an update or takedown request for this paper, please submit an Update/Correction/Removal Request.


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VSS UHVC (Cryo): 19 - 125 mm Stepper Motors
UHVC (Cryo) Stepper Motors
Motors for use in vacuum should not only withstand the vacuum (no bursting of air inclusions), they must not contaminate the vacuum either. By selecting suitable materials and optimised conditioning processes phytron VSS stepper motors are ideally suited for use in a vacuum.
Through many years of experience with special materials for use in Space, we have put a focus on materials with minimal molecular outgassing and high heat resistance. This is the prerequisite for a high vacuum quality and genuine measurement results in scientific and medical applications.
For exact positioning in vacuum, stepper motors are therefore particularly suitable because they can precisely position even without sensitive feedback providers. Therefore phytron VSS stepper motors can be used in particularly challenging environmental conditions (radiation, cryo temperatures and in a modified design even in Space).
Since stepper motors do not generate jitter effects while holding a position, this technology is ideal for precisely aligning optical instruments, mirrors, antennas or samples e.g. in high-resolution microscopes, particle accelerators or molecular analysis devices. As a medium-sized company, we manufacture the VSS series in Germany and modify the standard motor to perfectly fit to your application.
- Two-phase stepper motors for applications in ultra high vacuum (Cryo) up to 10-11 mbar
- Suitable for low temperatures: He (-269 °C) or N2 (-196 °C)
- Radiation resistance up to 106 J/kg
- Stainless steel housing
- Holding torques from 3.4 mNm to 9.9 Nm
- Full steps per rotation: 500 (0,72°), 200 (1,8°), 72 (5°)
- Protection class IP 00 because of outgassing holes to avoid pockets of trapped gas
Optional:Gears, Double shaft, Temperature sensors
Customised constructions:Titanium housing - Space - Reduced magnetic emission


Why do guys grow their pinky nail long?
Why do some people, usually men, have a very long pinky little fingernail?
 1. Picking the ears
 This might sound a little weird to you, but yes, various men grow their pinky nail long as it makes it easier for them to pick their ears. This is usually done by people of lower social classes in countries like China. (See, What does touching your ear mean in body language?)
 2. To get better fortune
 As per few cultures, a long pinkie nail is considered a sign of wealth and fortune. Also, palmistry says that if a pinkie nail is longer than the distal knuckle on his ring finger, it is considered lucky and intelligent. Numerous people grow their pinky nail so that they get better palmistry readings.
 3. The person doesn't do manual labour
 Many regions grow their pinkie nail to show that they are not doing manual labour. It can also be said that they try to show off that they belong to a higher class.
 4. To clean their nose
 This might sound unbelievable, but they actually grow the nail of their finger to wipe their nose or scratch certain areas of their body.
 5. To handle drugs
 This is true that various people grow their pinky fingernail to take drugs easily, such as cocaine, etc. Many people think that this is a myth, but no people really do it to become easy for them to take drugs. (See Why are some rich people stingy?)
 6. To use it as a tool
 People grow this nail to use it as a tool or handle objects. This reason is a little strange, but people actually do this.
 7. This finger is not used much
 A lot of people grow the nail of the last finger as this finger is not used much. As it becomes difficult to use the hand if other nails are big, so pinky is fingernail is the best to grow nails.
 8. To increase the use of this finger
 For making the pinky finger more useful, people often prefer to grow their nails.
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LockState ResortLock 1-Wire Reader
The LockState ResortLock 1-Wire iButton Reader is a special wire device meant to help ResortLock users program their locks. The wire, which is actually an iButton reader, facilitates the transfer of data programmed through the PC into the iButton which can then be used to transmit information to your installed ResortLocks on any door.
The 1-Wire cable plugs conveniently into the USB port, so it's compatible to all computers. Once plugged in, the computer will automatically set up the drivers for the device. These drivers, however, can also be downloaded from ResortLock's website. Use a computer that has the ResortLock application software installed and from there you can program a
number of things, such as:
- New Entry Codes
- Daylight Savings Mode
- Set Light to Blink
- Classroom or storehouse modes
Once the information has been issued to the iButton, the information can then be relayed by touching the button onto the front of the lock, making sure to press the reset button on the locks first. If done properly, a beeping sound will be heard and all the date, time, codes, and other settings would have been set.
Conversely, the 1-Wire reader is used to register the serial numbers of multiple locks to your computer, allowing you to program different locks with ease.


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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Warren could mean:
Animal husbandry [change]
- Warren, a rabbitry or fixed establishment of cuniculture, the breeding and raising of domestic rabbits. (The domestic use of warren is imprecisely extended to rabbit or hare burrows in the wild.)
Forest law [change]
- Warren (free) ("Free warren"), a type of hunting franchise under the Anglo-Norman Forest law
- In metaphoric use, warren refers to a tight agglomeration of inferior accommodations, such as a slum.
- Warren abstract machine, a Prolog (software) engine
- Warren Commission, which investigated the assassination of John F. Kennedy
- Warren Cup, a Roman antiquity
- Warren's Gate, an archaeological site
- Warren's Skipper, a type of butterfly
- Warren Wagon Train Raid, historic incident in Texas
Other pages [change]
|This disambiguation page lists articles with similar titles.
If a link brought you here, you can go back and fix it so it goes straight to the right page.


Meaning of anthericum in English:
Pronunciation /anˈθɛrɪkəm/
 - Any plant of the genus Anthericum (family Asparagaceae) or formerly belonging to it, which have rhizomatous or tuberous roots, narrow leaves, and bear racemes or panicles of star-like, usually white flowers; a spiderwort. Also (in form Anthericum): the genus itself.
 Valid publication of the genus name: Linnaeus Species Plantarum (1753) I. 310.
Mid 18th century; earliest use found in John Hill (bap. 1714, d. 1775), physician and actor. From scientific Latin Anthericum, genus name (LinnaeusGenera plantarum 303) from classical Latin anthericus flowering stem of asphodel (Pliny: see below) + scientific Latin -um, neuter ending.


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Mary McAleese announced as Patron of the National Forum
Today the National Forum for Teaching & Learning launches the Student Led 'Teaching Hero' Awards in Higher Education. These Awards will recognise and celebrate students' experiences of great teaching throughout all higher education institutions. This launch is accompanied by the announcement that Prof Mary McAleese will provide invaluable support as the first official Patron of the National Forum. The Forum's mission is to work in collaboration with all higher education institutions to enhance the quality of the learning experience for students.
Prof Sarah Moore Chair of the National Forum said:
'The launch of these awards is a very significant initiative: it highlights the importance of showcasing and sharing examples of best practice, it puts the student voice at the centre of our work and it will help to provide both inspiration and information for our enhancement mandate. Excellent teachers do more than come to lectures prepared. They set us on career paths, share their passion and they inspire and challenge learners in all sorts of ways. Each of us can remember a teacher that made a lasting difference in our lives.
These awards provide students with the opportunity to nominate teachers, who have demonstrated excellence in their teaching and impacted their students' lifelong learning. We are honoured that Mary McAleese has come on board as our Patron. Her chairmanship of the Modernisation of Higher Education in Europe Group has provided a vital blueprint for developing teaching and learning. As an individual she exemplifies lifelong learning and we warmly welcome her support as we work towards our goal of enhancing the quality of the learning experience for all students in Irish higher education."
Mary McAleese said:
"I am delighted to endorse the establishment of Ireland's new National Forum for the Enhancement of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education. Quality teaching and learning depends on dedicated individuals and dedicated institutions supported by policies that put teaching and learning at the core. As patron of the National Forum, I look forward to bringing that vision to life".
The objectives of the Forum's awards are to showcase, strengthen and value teaching excellence in higher education at a national level. Between now and May many thousands of students in higher education institutions both public and private have the opportunity to nominate their teachers that have made a real difference at a key transition in their learning journey through higher education. Perhaps it was when they first started college, changed courses, moved country to attend college or when they returned to education after a long absence. ('teacher' includes all those that are involved in teaching in higher education e.g. supervisors, librarians, tutors, technicians, instructors as well as lecturing staff). Award winners will be announced in June, the Awards will be presented by Prof. McAleese this autumn at a ceremony in Dublin.
For further information on the National Forum please visit _URL_


Statistics Dictionary
Select term:
T Score
The term t score has different meanings in different settings:
 - In introductory statistics, t score is often used synonomously with t statistic.
 - In psychometrics, a t score is a type of standard score computed by multiplying a z-score by 10 and adding 50.
 - In bone density tests, a t score compares bone mineral density to a reference mean.
Often, the meaning is clear from the context. In educational research, the psychometric definition generally applies. In papers on osteoporosis, the bone density definition is probably the intended definition.
Sometimes, though, the meaning is not clear. Some statistics texts use the term to mean "t statistic". Others use the psychometric definition.
To avoid confusion, the Stat Trek website avoids the term "t score". It uses "t statistic", instead.
See also: Student's t Distribution


Repair DIY: How to Fix Your Windows & Door Screens
by Darren Gibson 07/26/2020
Photo by Chris Thornton from Pexels
Thanks to screens, we can enjoy being outdoors without all the dirt and insects. Open windows let the breeze in without letting in anything else, and we can picnic on our screened-in porches without the bug spray. Screens can generally take a lot of wear and tear, but when subjected to winds, weather, and contact with people and pets, they start to break down. Fortunately, they are often easy to repair without costly maintenance. In fact, window and door screen repairs can be straightforward DIY projects.
Screens usually come in either aluminum or fiberglass material. Either of these can be patched if the damage is minor, such as a rip or hole just a few inches in length. Hardware stores sell kits specific to the screen's make and material for patching small holes. Alternately if you have spare screen fabric on-hand you can construct and apply a patch yourself. Start by cutting an even shape around the rip, like a square or rectangle. Place a piece of waxed paper under the hole so the adhesive does not stick to your workspace. Dab a light layer of an adhesive like super glue or rubber-based glue along the edge of the hole--you could use a toothpick or small paintbrush for this step. Cut a patch out of your roll of spare screen that is about a half-inch larger than the hole. Center the patch over the hole and press it onto the cut edges of the hole, allow to dry completely.
If the damage is larger or if you would just prefer to replace the entire screen, this won't cost you much time or effort either.
 1. Locate a clear, flat workspace and lay the screen down flat. Use a flat instrument like a flathead screwdriver to remove the rubber screen retainer spline from the screen's frame so you can remove the old screen. Check to see if the spline is visibly cracked or weathered. If it is, replace it along with the screen material.
 2. Measure the screen then cut the replacement screen to size using tin cutters or heavy-duty scissors. Allow yourself a few extra inches on each side to make installation a little easier.
 3. Center the new screen on the frame and pull it tight over the frame edges. Secure it in place with strong tape.
 4. Using a screen spline roller tool, fit the screen firmly down into the indentation on the frame while pulling it taut, then use the tool to push the rubber spline back into the indentation over the new screen. Once the spline rests tightly down in the indentation, closely trim any excess screen around all the edges.
If you are constructing a porch or outdoor kitchen and planning for a large amount of screen, you may want to consider using thin posts or vertical slats between large screen 'windows' instead of expanses of uninterrupted screen. This lets you take down individual screens to repair or replace instead of more costly, larger-scale fixes.
About the Author
Darren Gibson
Welcome to the blog site of Darren Gibson, your Number 1 Real Estate Professional serving in Maryland, Virginia and the District of Columbia.


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Definition of ebonize
v. t. - To make black, or stain black, in imitation of ebony; as, to ebonize wood.
The word "ebonize" uses 7 letters: B E E I N O Z.
No direct anagrams for ebonize found in this word list.
Words formed by adding one letter before or after ebonize (in bold), or to beeinoz in any order:
d - ebonized s - ebonizes
Shorter words found within ebonize:
be bee been ben bene bi bin bine bio biz bize bizone bo bone bonze ebon en eon in ion ne neb nee nib no nob obe obi oe on one zee zein zin zineb zone
List shorter words within ebonize, sorted by length
Words formed from any letters in ebonize, plus an optional blank or existing letter
List all words starting with ebonize, words containing ebonize or words ending with ebonize
All words formed from ebonize by changing one letter
Other words with the same letter pairs: eb bo on ni iz ze
Browse words starting with ebonize by next letter
Previous word in list: ebonites
Next word in list: ebonized
Some random words: emyd


Is Crystal Clear An Idiom?
Is clear as crystal a simile?
They're both very quiet, but "as quiet as a mouse" is the popular simile.
What is as clear as?
to be very easy to see or understand, or to be impossible to doubt. I remember it as clear as day. Synonyms and related words.
What does clear as day mean?
What are the 20 idioms with meaning?
20 English Idioms with Surprising OriginsStraight from the horse's mouth. Meaning: getting information directly from the most reliable source. … Let the cat out of the bag. Meaning: to mistakenly reveal a secret. … Butter someone up. … Pulling someone's leg. … Wolf in sheep's clothing. … Hands down. … Riding shotgun. … Barking up the wrong tree.More items…•Aug 4, 2016
What words are idioms?
How do you use crystal clear in a sentence?
She was in her mid-twenties, with crystal clear blue eyes and porcelain skin. Ouray County was perfect for invigorating outdoor activity, with its crystal clear air and dry, windless temperatures just below freezing. The water is so crystal clear that one inadvertently steps into it.
What is a better word for clear?
1 fair, cloudless, sunny. 2 translucent, limpid, crystalline, diaphanous. 8 intelligible, comprehensible, lucid, plain, perspicuous. 10 obvious, manifest, apparent, unmistakable.
What does idioms mean in English?
An idiom is a phrase or expression that typically presents a figurative, non-literal meaning attached to the phrase; but some phrases become figurative idioms while retaining the literal meaning of the phrase. Categorized as formulaic language, an idiom's figurative meaning is different from the literal meaning.
Is clear as day an idiom?
If something is as clear as day, it is very easy to see, or very obvious and easy to understand. Suddenly she stepped out from behind a tree less than ten yards from me. I saw her face as clear as day.
What does the phrase crystal clear mean?
Water that is crystal clear is absolutely clear and transparent like glass. … If you say that a message or statement is crystal clear, you are emphasizing that it is very easy to understand. [emphasis] The message is crystal clear–if you lose weight, you will feel better.
What is another word for crystal clear?
What is another word for crystal clear?apparentclearclear-cutdistinctevidentlucidobviousperspicuousplaintransparent234 more rows
What does clear as mud mean?
informal. : very difficult to understand : not clear at all The explanation was as clear as mud.
What are the 20 idioms?
Is crystal clear a metaphor?
Origin of crystal-clear Emphatic form of clear in visual and metaphorical "understandable" senses.
What is the opposite of crystal?
An anticrystal is a theoretical solid that is completely disordered, making it the opposite of a crystal. … Amorphous materials may display regions with atoms in repeating patterns, but without crystalline order.


Add a Person Record
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People records let you create, track, and search information about your members. You must be a group admin in order to create or modify people records.
An individual's person record is distinct from their Faithlife account. While a Faithlife account is created and controlled by that individual, the person record is created and managed by an organization. As a group admin, you can link person records to a Faithlife account that is a member of your group. This will add some information from that account to your person record. There are multiple ways to create a person record. Select the method that works best with your workflow.
Skip ahead to:
Invite a member to your group
Add an individual
Bulk import people records
Create a digital connection card
Create a family record
Search your people records
Invite a member to your group
Faithlife automatically generates a person record for each member or follower of your group. Learn how to invite members to your group.
Add an individual
 1. Navigate to your group on
 2. In your group's Admin panel, click People.
 1. Click Add Person.
 1. Provide a name, and select whether the individual is a child or an adult. If desired, you can add a photo of the individual (this photo may be visible to any member of your group).
 2. Click Create.
 1. The person record will open. You can provide additional information about the individual (Learn more about populating a person recordor click Done. To add another person record, click Add Another.
Bulk import people records
You can import people records from another system using a CSV file.
 1. Export your people records from your old system in CSV file format. Faithlife can interpret CSV files from most record management systems.
 2. Check your file. Look through the file to make sure all of the data in columns match column headers. To import families, we recommend having a "Family" column in your spreadsheet. Add the family name in that column next to each person in the family. If a family has multiple surnames, separate the names with commas.
 3. Navigate to your church group on
 4. In your group's Admin panel, click People.
 1. Click the more options icon, then select Import from CSV.
 1. Select the.csv file you exported. A window will appear with three columns.
 - The first column displays column names from the first row of your.csv file.
 - The second column displays the corresponding field on the Faithlife platform.
 - The third column displays the type of data corresponding to each column.
 1. Ensure that the first and second columns match as closely as possible. For anything you can't match, select Notes in the second column. Do not leave empty rows in the second column. If you do, that data will not be imported.
 2. Check the data types in the third column and make sure they correspond to the first and second columns. (for example, that email addresses are correctly designated with the email address data type).
 3. Check or uncheck File contains a header row.
 4. Check or uncheck Update existing. If you leave this checked, the system will search for corresponding people records and override them instead of creating new ones (the system will ask you to confirm the changes).
 5. Click Done. It may take a few moments for the system to process all of the data--do not press Done more than once. When it's ready, your people records will appear in the People area of your church group.
Create a digital connection card
Digital connection cards provide a way to quickly create one or more person records, even with limited information.
 1. Navigate to your church group on
 2. In your group's Admin panel, click People, then click Add Connection Card.
 1. In the text box, type a name and any additional information you want to be associated with that person record (such as age or gender). The system will parse the information you provide and assign it to the relevant fields.
Note: To create more than one person record at a time, insert a comma or "and" between the information for each person.
 1. Press Enter. Based on your input, one or more person records will be created. If you add more than one person, the system will ask if you'd like to add all new records to a family record.
Create a family record
Family records link individual person accounts in a family unit, which has certain types of data associated with it (such as an address, phone number, etc.). Adding people via a family record is the best approach when it's more important to get the whole family in the system than it is to provide detailed information to a single person record.
You can create a new family record from existing or new person records, or using a combination of existing and new records.
 1. Navigate to your church group on
 2. In your group's Admin panel, click People, then click Families.
 1. Click Add family
 2. Add individuals to the family by clicking + Add Family Members and typing a name in the search box that appears.
 1. If a person record for that individual exists, click it to add it to the family record. Otherwise, click Create a new record. Repeat this step for each family member.
 1. After you've added individuals to the family record, provide a family name, address, etc. in the boxes below.
Learn more about creating Family records.
Search your people records
Once you've added people records to your church group, you're ready to search and create lists of your members. Learn more here.
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2021 SFA Adaptive Surf Camp – Inclusion with Skudin Surf
The program is designed to provide individuals with disabilities the opportunity to experience the healing power of the ocean. Surfing provides a sense of freedom that fosters independence and self-esteem. We have seen surfing enhance overall balance, coordination, and sensory functioning.
Daily Schedule 9 AM to 1 PM:
Land Instruction: Safety – Hands-on instruction will be taught first addressing issues such as: "falling off the board," "surfacing," the "leash" that attaches surfers to their boards. We will stress the importance of following instructions. Students will learn the "pop up," how to jump correctly from a prone position. Finally,we will teach riding techniques that coincide to ability levels.
OCEAN SURF INSTRUCTION:
Related activities: A variety of "beach-side" recreational activities will be provided to allow campers to take breaks and physically recharge from surfing lessons. Each camp day is split between in-ocean and beach-side programs. Specific activities will include art lessons, beach games, social skills and light exercise. Our camp is a community and we want to ensure that each camper interacts with staff members and fellow campers to build a sense of belonging and camaraderie.
IMPORTANT: All participants must fill out and submit a waiver prior to participating. Waivers can be completed and submitted by participants, parents and/or guardians. Campers will not be allowed to participate unless without a waiver to Surf For All.


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Bars and restaurants in New York could find themselves the target of an audit from the Department of Taxation and Finance for several reasons, including random selection. However, a restaurant's cash-based sales and less than meticulous record-keeping can further complicate things and result in the auditor's need to conduct a New York sales tax field audit. Here, we explain how a field audit works in New York. We also discuss field audit methodologies auditors will use to estimate your sales tax liability when necessary, a practice that could lead to overassessment for unprepared and unrepresented restaurant and bar owners in New York.
What Is a New York Sales Tax Field Audit?
Unlike a desk audit, a New York sales tax field audit is a more detailed review of your restaurant's financials that involves a visit from the field auditor to your business's physical location. The auditor will want to review available records during the audit, such as:
- Federal income tax returns
- Bank statements
- Sale ledgers
- Inventory logs
- Purchase receipts of materials and equipment
A key issue for restaurant business owners is knowing what and what not to provide when sharing your sensitive business records with a New York auditor. While cooperation with the auditor is generally helpful, remember that just because an auditor asks for a document, does not mean they have a right to it. Having a professional sales tax consultant available to manage record requests could provide a buffer during the audit process to avoid unnecessary disclosure of business information.
A field audit also presents an opportunity for an auditor to make observations about your business that the New York Department of Taxation and Finance could use to evaluate the legitimacy of your sales tax reporting. In the context of a restaurant or bar, the auditor may take note of items like:
- Stated hours of operation
- Menus and pricing
- Food storage
- Seating arrangements
- Payment systems
- Related sources of revenue within the restaurant or bar that could be taxable (e.g., vending machines, arcade games, pool halls, jukeboxes, and other entertainment)
The Different Types of New York Field Audit Methods
After a review of your financials, the New York auditor may find you have insufficient records to properly verify your taxable sales. As an alternative, the auditor may use one or more indirect methods for determining your New York sales tax liability. These testing methods involve the use of statistics and assumptions to generate an estimate of your taxable sales. The main methods available to New York sales tax auditors are:
- The test period method: The auditor reviews your past transactions over a period within the audit's scope and uses that data to calculate taxable sales from missing periods (e.g., you are missing sales data from August 2020 but have available information from August 2021 and August 2022).
- The statistical sampling method: The auditor creates simulations of projected sales over a period through the selection of items in a population. Sometimes, the sampling is random or could involve other methods, including stratified, systematic, or clustered sampling.
- Observation Testing: The field auditor observes and documents your sales that occur over one or more periods to estimate taxable sales (e.g., your bar's business on a Friday from 5 p.m. to 10 p.m.).
Specific Field Audit Sampling Method Issues for New York Restaurants and Bars
The problem with sampling and testing methods is they can never truly reflect your past sales because they rely on assumptions made from small and incomplete sets of data. Restaurant and bar owners should be careful when accepting or managing the results from New York field audit testing, sampling, or observation methodologies.
Consider the following factors that could result in a skewed field audit method result because of items not accurately reflected in the method being used:
- Changes in your menu or pricing
- Events that result in abnormalities with your restaurant's operation during the testing period (e.g., unexpected closure or unusually busy traffic because of promotions or public activity like a concert or sporting event)
- Scheduled observation testing that happens during your busiest sales period or season (e.g., weekends and evenings)
When Your New York Restaurant Could Benefit from Sales Tax Field Audit Representation
Before executing a sampling or testing, the field auditor will likely seek your written agreement to the specific terms of the proposed method. Most restaurants and bar owners could benefit from having a sales tax representative experienced in New York audit defense review those terms before signing an agreement. The sales tax representative reviews the auditor's proposal for issues that could cause gross overreporting of sales tax liability and works with the auditor to create a fairer representation of taxable sales by refining the methodology's terms. If you or your client's restaurant and bar received notice of an upcoming field audit or are unhappy with the results of an audit report, consider a consultation with our office.
Schedule your free consultation for help with a New York sales tax field audit today.


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Exploring Haifa's National Maritime Museum: A Tribute to Israel's Rich Maritime Heritage
Nestled in the heart of Haifa, Israel, the National Maritime Museum stands as a testament to the country's profound connection to the sea. With its captivating exhibits and immersive displays, the museum offers a unique and enriching experience for visitors seeking to delve into Israel's maritime history.
As one of the most prominent maritime museums in the Middle East, the National Maritime Museum showcases the nation's seafaring legacy, paying homage to its maritime pioneers, ancient trade routes, and naval accomplishments. Let us embark on a virtual journey through this remarkable institution and explore the wonders it holds within its walls.
- Ancient Maritime Trade: Step back in time and explore the fascinating trade routes that connected Israel to the ancient world. From Phoenician traders to Roman merchants, the exhibits shed light on the pivotal role Israel played in global commerce.
- Naval History: Delve into Israel's naval history, from its early days to modern times. Learn about the Haganah and Palmach naval units' significant contributions during the struggle for Israeli independence and the subsequent establishment of the Israeli Navy.
- Ship Models: Feast your eyes on a vast collection of meticulously crafted ship models, showcasing vessels from various eras. These intricate replicas offer a glimpse into the evolution of naval architecture and the diverse types of ships that have sailed the Mediterranean.
- Marine Archaeology: Discover the secrets hidden beneath the ocean's depths through the museum's marine archaeology section. Unearthed artifacts, shipwrecks, and captivating stories of underwater exploration provide insights into Israel's underwater heritage.
- Interactive Simulators: Brace yourself for a thrilling ride as the museum offers state-of-the-art simulators that allow visitors to experience the adrenaline of naval battles and rescue missions. These interactive exhibits provide an immersive and educational experience for all ages.
The National Maritime Museum in Haifa stands as a beacon, illuminating Israel's rich maritime history and its enduring relationship with the sea. Through captivating exhibits, detailed ship models, and interactive simulators, visitors gain a deeper appreciation for the nation's maritime achievements.
Whether you are a history enthusiast, naval aficionado, or simply curious about Israel's past, a visit to this museum is an absolute must. The National Maritime Museum not only showcases Israel's seafaring heritage but also serves as a crucial educational hub, inspiring future generations to embrace and cherish their maritime legacy.
So, plan your visit to Haifa's National Maritime Museum and embark on an extraordinary journey through time, where the captivating stories of Israel's maritime past come to life.
Sunday: 10am – 4pm
Tuesday: 10am – 4pm
Wednesday: 10am – 4pm
Thursday: 10am – 6pm
Friday: 10am – 2pm
Saturday: 10am – 4pm
:How to get there
198 Allenby Boulevard, Haifa


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Connecting to an Instance
You can connect to a running compute instance by using a Secure Shell (SSH) or Remote Desktop connection.
For step-by-step instructions, see the following tasks:
- Connecting to a Linux Instance
- Connecting to a Windows Instance
- Connecting to an Instance on a Private Subnet Using a Bastion
For permissions, see Required IAM Policy for Working with Instances.
Troubleshooting the SSH Connection
If you're unable to connect to an instance using SSH, follow the troubleshooting steps in Troubleshooting the SSH Connection.


The Banana aroma is a scent that everyone knows well, but that few are able to identify in a blind smell test. If this aroma is weak, and it is part of a complex aromatic bouquet, it is more difficult to identify, but it gives a pleasant and important aromatic personality to the product being tasted.
In Beer, banana is a scent that is associated with the high fermentation process. It is a positive attribute in certain styles of beer (for example Weiss beer), but can also be considered a defect due to poor control methods in the fermentation process of other beer styles.
In Chocolate, it is one of the most typical fruit aromas found in cocoa beans. It is usually a more green scentthat of the unripe banana. It is frequently present in Nacional cocoa from Ecuador and Trinitario cocoa from Venezuela.
In Extra Virgin Olive Oil, the banana aroma is typical of many high-quality oils made from ripe olives. For example, it is often very evident in the Arbosana cultivar.
Click here to discover Chocolate Aromas, here for Extra Virgin Olive Oil Aromas.
Beer Aromas, coming soon!


Connecting Node-RED to Azure IoT Central
2019年1月22日 に投稿済み
Principal PM Manager, Azure IoT
Today I want to show how simple it is to connect a temperature/humidity sensor to Azure IoT Central using a Raspberry Pi and Node-RED.
As many of you know, Raspberry Pi is a small, single-board computer. Its low cost, low power nature makes it a natural fit for IoT projects. Node-RED is a flow-based, drag and drop programming tool designed for IoT. It enables the creation of robust automation flows in a web browser, simplifying IoT project development.
For my example, I'm using a Raspberry Pi 3 Model B and a simple DHT22 temperature and humidity sensor, but it should work with other models of the Pi. If you have a different kind of sensor, you should be able to adapt the guide below to use it, provided you can connect Node-RED to your sensor.
Configuring Azure IoT Central
 1. Create an app.
 2. Create a new device template.
 - Temp (temp)
 - Humidity (humidity)
 3. Create a real device and get the DPS connection information.
 4. Use dps-keygen to provision the device and get a device connection string.
 - Identify the three parts of the resulting connection string and save them for later.
Connecting the DHT22 sensor
Before we can get data from our DHT22 sensor, we need to connect it to the pi. The DHT22 typically has three pins broken out, but some of them have four. If you have one with four, check the datasheet to confirm which pins are voltage (may be shown as +, VCC or VDD), data (or signal), and ground.
With the pi powered off, use jumper wires to connect your DHT22 as shown below:
Use jumper wires to connect your DHT22
NOTE: The power jumper (red) should go to 3.3V, data jumper (yellow) should go to GPIO4 and the ground jumper (black) should go to ground. Some boards are different, so double-check your connections!
Installing required software
I started by installing Raspbian Lite using the guide. Then, I installed Node-RED. At this point you should be able to open a browser and visit to see the Node-RED interface. Next, install the Azure IoT Hub nodes for Node-RED. The easiest way to do this is from the Node-RED interface, using the Manage Palette command.
Install the DHT22 nodes. Unfortunately, since this node has some lower-level hardware requirements, it can't be installed through the Manage Palette command. Please follow the instructions using the link above.
Configuring the flow
Now that you have Node-RED up and running on your pi, you're ready to create your flow. By default, Node-RED should already have a flow called "Flow 1," but if you can easily create a new one by selecting the (+) icon above the canvas.
Starting the flow with the inject node
The first node we will add to this flow is an input node. For this example, we will use the inject node which simply injects an arbitrary JSON document into the flow. From the input section in the palette, drag the node from the palette on the left onto the canvas. Then, double select it to open the configuration window. Set the node properties as shown below:
Starting the flow with the inject node
This node will simply inject a JSON object where the payload is set to a timestamp. We don't really care about that value. This is just a simple way to kick off the flow.
Getting data from the DHT22
In the Node-RED palette, find the rpi dht22 node and drag it onto the canvas. Double click on it to open the configuration window, and set the node properties as shown below:
The rpi dht22 node configuration window
Connect the inject node to the rpi dht22 node by dragging the little handle from one to the other.
Reformatting the message
The JSON message produced by the DHT22 node isn't formatted correctly for sending to Azure IoT, so we need to fix that. We will use the change node to do this, so drag it out from the palette onto the canvas and connect it to the DHT22 node. Double click on it to open the configuration window and set the node properties as shown below:
How to edit the change node
For the functional part of this node, we will use JSONata, which is a query and transformation language for JSON documents. After selecting the JSONata type in the to selector, select the […] button to open the editor and enter the following:
Expression editor
Here we are extracting the temperature and humidity values from the input JSON message and putting them inside the data element in the resulting JSON message. We're also adding the device ID and shared access key which you got from the Device Connection String earlier.
Sending the data to Azure IoT Central
Now that we've got the JSON message ready, find the Azure IoT Hub node in the palette and drag it onto the canvas. Again, double click on it to open the configuration window and set the properties as shown here:
Azure IoT Hub node
Confirming your message and debugging
The final node we will add to our flow is a debug node, which simply outputs the message it is given to the debug panel in Node-RED. Connect it to the end of the flow (after Azure IoT Hub) and set the name to "Hub Response."
If you're interested in seeing the JSON message at any point in the flow, you can add more debug nodes anywhere you want. You can enable or disable the output of a debug node by selecting the little box on the right side of the node.
The flow
Here is what your flow should look like. I've added a couple of extra debug nodes while developing this flow, but you can see that only the Hub Response node is enabled.
The flow
Before you can run the flow, you need to deploy it from the workspace. To do this select the red Deploy button at the top right of the Node-RED screen. Then, simply select the little box on the left of the every minute node and it will start. Since we configured that node to run every minute, it will continue to send messages to Azure IoT Central until you stop it by either disabling the flow or redeploying.
Pop back over to your IoT Central app and you should start seeing data within a minute or so.
IoT Central App
As you can see, connecting Node-RED to Azure IoT Central is pretty simple. This is a great way to quickly prototype and experiment with different sensors and message payloads without having to write any code! You can also use this approach for creating gateways or protocol translators so you can easily connect almost anything to Azure IoT Central.
Appendix: Flow source
If you want to just copy-paste the whole thing in instead of building it up yourself, you can import the following JSON into Node-RED and just update the three values from your Device Connection String (see the instructions above).
[{"id":"9e47273a.f12738", "type":"tab", "label":"DHT22-IoTC", "disabled":false, "info":""}, {"id":"b3d8f5b6.a243b8", "type":"debug", "z":"9e47273a.f12738", "name":"Hub Response", "active":true, "tosidebar":true, "console":false, "tostatus":false, "complete":"true", "x":740, "y":340, "wires":[]}, {"id":"117b0c09.6b3a04", "type":"azureiothub", "z":"9e47273a.f12738", "name":"Azure IoT Hub", "protocol":"mqtt", "x":520, "y":340, "wires":[["b3d8f5b6.a243b8"]]}, {"id":"ee333823.1d33a8", "type":"inject", "z":"9e47273a.f12738", "name":"", "topic":"", "payload":"", "payloadType":"date", "repeat":"60", "crontab":"", "once":false, "onceDelay":"", "x":210, "y":120, "wires":[["38f14b0d.96eb14"]]}, {"id":"38f14b0d.96eb14", "type":"rpi-dht22", "z":"9e47273a.f12738", "name":"", "topic":"rpi-dht22", "dht":22, "pintype":"0", "pin":4, "x":400, "y":120, "wires":[["f0bfed44.e988b"]]}, {"id":"f0bfed44.e988b", "type":"change", "z":"9e47273a.f12738", "name":"", "rules":[{"t":"set", "p":"payload", "pt":"msg", "to":"{\t \"deviceId\":\"{YOUR DEVICE ID} \", \t \"key\":\"{YOUR KEY}\", \t \"protocol\":\"mqtt\", \t \"data\": {\t \"temp\": $number(payload), \t \"humidity\": $number(humidity)\t \t }\t\t}", "tot":"jsonata"}], "action":"", "property":"", "from":"", "to":"", "reg":false, "x":280, "y":


Tree – Determining Age
Q: I am trying to find out the age of several live oak trees at my father-in-law's house in north Florida. Is there some general way to determine their age based on their diameter?
A: According to Certified Arborist Brian Arnold _PHONE_), determining the age of the oaks through non-invasive observation would be almost impossible. The diameter of the trunk is influenced by many factors, including soil conditions, rainfall and sun exposure. The trunk of a hundred year old tree growing in a good spot might be twice the size of an equally aged tree growing in poor conditions.
It is possible to count tree rings using a tool called an increment borer. The tool bores a hole in the tree trunk and removes a slender core of tissue reaching the center of the trunk. Brian advises against the borer tool because the hole can give insects and diseases access to the trunk interior.
Maybe your best bet is to try contacting previous owners of the house to ask about their earliest memories of the trees.
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The clock Command
The clock command has facilities for getting the current time, formatting time values, and scanning printed time strings to get an integer time value. The clock command was added in Tcl 7.5. Table 13-1 summarizes the clock command:
Table 13-1. The clock command.
|clock clicks||A system-dependent high resolution counter.|
|clock format value?-format str?||Formats a clock value according to str.|
|clock scan string?-base clock??-gmt boolean?||Parses date string and return seconds value. The clock value determines the date.|
|clock seconds||Returns the current time in seconds.|
The following command prints the current time:
clock format [clock seconds]
=> Sun Nov 24 14:57:04 1996
The clock seconds command returns the current time, in seconds since a starting epoch. The clock format command formats an integer value into a date string. It takes an optional argument that controls the format. The format strings contains % keywords that are replaced with the year, month, day, date, hours, minutes, and seconds, in various formats. The default string is:
%a %b %d %H:%M:%S %Z %Y
Tables 13-2 and 13-3 summarize the clock formatting strings:
Table 13-2. Clock formatting keywords.
|%%||Inserts a %. |
|%a||Abbreviated weekday name (Mon, Tue, etc.). |
|%A||Full weekday name (Monday, Tuesday, etc.). |
|%b||Abbreviated month name (Jan, Feb, etc.). |
|%B||Full month name. |
|%c||Locale specific date and time (e.g., Nov 24 16:00:59 1996).|
|%d||Day of month (01?31). |
|%H||Hour in 24-hour format (00?23). |
|%I||Hour in 12-hour format (01?12). |
|%j||Day of year (001?366). |
|%m||Month number (01?12). |
|%M||Minute (00?59). |
|%p||AM/PM indicator. |
|%S||Seconds (00?59). |
|%U||Week of year (00?52) when Sunday starts the week.|
|%w||Weekday number (Sunday = 0). |
|%W||Week of year (01?52) when Monday starts the week. |
|%x||Locale specific date format (e.g., Feb 19 1997).|
|%X||Locale specific time format (e.g., 20:10:13).|
|%y||Year without century (00?99).|
|%Y||Year with century (e.g. 1997).|
|%Z||Time zone name.|
Table 13-3. UNIX-specific clock formatting keywords.
|%D||Date as %m/%d/%y (e.g., 02/19/97).|
|%e||Day of month (1?31), no leading zeros. |
|%h||Abbreviated month name. |
|%n||Inserts a newline. |
|%r||Time as %I:%M:%S %p (e.g., 02:39:29 PM).|
|%R||Time as %H:%M (e.g., 14:39).|
|%t||Inserts a tab. |
|%T||Time as %H:%M:%S (e.g., 14:34:29).|
The clock clicks command returns the value of the system's highest resolution clock. The units of the clicks are not defined. The main use of this command is to measure the relative time of different performance tuning trials. The following command counts the clicks per second over 10 seconds, which will vary from system to system:
Example 13-1 Calculating clicks per second.
set t1 [clock clicks]
after 10000 ;# See page 218
set t2 [clock clicks]
puts "[expr ($t2 - $t1)/10] Clicks/second"
=> _PHONE_ Clicks/second
The clock scan command parses a date string and returns a seconds value. The command handles a variety of date formats. If you leave off the year, the current year is assumed.
Year 2000 Compliance
Tcl implements the standard interpretation of two-digit year values, which is that 70?9 are 1970?999, 00?9 are 2000?069. Versions of Tcl before 8.0 did not properly deal with two-digit years in all cases. Note, however, that Tcl is limited by your system's time epoch and the number of bits in an integer. On Windows, Macintosh, and most UNIX systems, the clock epoch is January 1, 1970. A 32-bit integer can count enough seconds to reach forward into the year 2037, and backward to the year 1903. If you try to clock scan a date outside that range, Tcl will raise an error because the seconds counter will overflow or underflow. In this case, Tcl is just reflecting limitations of the underlying system.
If you leave out a date, clock scan assumes the current date. You can also use the -base option to specify a date. The following example uses the current time as the base, which is redundant:
clock scan "10:30:44 PM" -base [clock seconds]
The date parser allows these modifiers: year, month, fortnight (two weeks), week, day, hour, minute, second. You can put a positive or negative number in front of a modifier as a multiplier. For example:
clock format [clock scan "10:30:44 PM 1 week"]
=> Sun Dec 01 22:30:44 1996
clock format [clock scan "10:30:44 PM -1 week"]
Sun Nov 17 22:30:44 1996
You can also use tomorrow, yesterday, today, now, last, this, next, and ago, as modifiers.
clock format [clock scan "3 years ago"]
=> Wed Nov 24 17:06:46 1993
Both clock format and clock scan take a -gmt option that uses Greenwich Mean Time. Otherwise, the local time zone is used.
clock format [clock seconds] -gmt true
=> Sun Nov 24 09:25:29 1996
clock format [clock seconds] -gmt false
=> Sun Nov 24 17:25:34 1996