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If we fix a locally profinite group $G$, we note $R(G)$ the category of smooth representations of $G$, $\mathcal{E}$ the set of equivalence classes of $R(G)$, and finaly $Irr(G)$ the set of irreducible equivalence calasses. I recall that the theorem of Cantor-Bernstein says : If $E$ and $F$ two sets. If there is an injection from $E$ to $F$ and an injection from $F$ to $E$, then there is a bijection between $E$ and $F$. This enables us to define an ordering relation in the set of equipotence classes of sets : If $E$ and $F$ two sets, we note $E\leq F$ if $E$ injects in $F$.
Similarly, we define a relation $\leq$ in $\mathcal{E}$, but in general is not an ordering relation, I think that is an ordering relation if $R(G)$ is semisimple (for example, for compact locally profinite group).
If $L$ a non empty subset of $Irr(G)$, we define a $L$-minimal representation as a smooth representation $\pi$ of $G$ such that :
1) For every $\sigma\in L$, $\sigma \leq \pi$.
2) For every $\tau \in R(G)$, if $\sigma\leq\tau$ for every $\sigma\in L$, then $\pi\leq\tau$.
I ask the following questions:
Q1) An $L$-minimal representation exits?
Q2) unicity?
Q3) If $\pi$ an $L$-minimal (if there exist) representation, $dim\mathbf{Hom}_{G}(\sigma,\pi)$, where $\sigma\in L$, is minimal?
I'm interested of this question for the set $L_{k}$ of equivalence classes of irreducible supercuspidal representation of $PGL(n,F)$ with conductor=$k$.
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I am not sure what $L_k$ is. So can you please give a definition. I would expect this to be a finite set, so why can you not take $\pi$ as the direct sum of $\sigma$'s? – Marc Palm Feb 27 '12 at 15:36
I mean $L_k$ is finite, since I guess you induce $GL(n, o / \p^k)$ reps there or something similar, which has only finitely many isos of reps anyway. – Marc Palm Feb 27 '12 at 15:39
How do you define your relation $\leq$? – Joël Feb 27 '12 at 18:36
I defined the set $L_{k}$ as follows : If $\pi$ is a generic irreducible representation of $GL(n,F)$, the theorem of Jaquet & Piateski-Chapiro & Shalika says : there is a positive integer $k$ such that the representation $\pi$ admits a non zero vector fixed by the compact open subgroup $\Gamma_{k}$ defined by : – Rajkarov Feb 28 '12 at 4:50
$$\Gamma_{k}=\left(\begin{array}{cccc|c} \mathcal{O}_{F}^{\times}&\mathcal{O}_{F}&\cdots&\mathcal{O}_{F}&\mathcal{O}_{F}{}\\ \mathcal{O}_{F}&\ddots&\ddots&\vdots&\vdots\\ \vdots&{}&\ddots&\mathcal{O}_{F}&\vdots{}\\ \mathcal{O}_{F}&\cdots&\mathcal{O}_{F}&\mathcal{O}_{F}^{\times}&\mathcal{O}_{F}{}\\ \hline \mathcal{P}_{F}^{k}& \cdots & \cdots &\mathcal{P}_{F}^{k}&\mathcal{O}_{F}^{\times}\\ \end{array}\right)$$ – Rajkarov Feb 28 '12 at 4:53
2 Answers 2
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Here are some observations, too long for a comment:
1) Note that cuspidal irreducible representation are compactly induced
$\sigma = c-ind_K^G \tau = Ind_K^G \tau$
2) You have the second adjointness theorem (proposition on pg. 20 Bushnell-Henniart "Local Langlands for GL(2)".)
$Hom_G( c-ind_K^G \tau, \pi) = Hom_K( \tau, Res_K \pi)$
3) Silberger PGL(2) over the $p$ adics assect that $Res_K \pi$ is essentially $Ind_{B(o)}^{GL(2, o)} 1$ except for a finite dimensional part. I expect this to be true for $GL(n)$.
Hence classify the $\tau$ needed for $L_k$ ( I am not sure what your definition is here). $Res_K \pi$ has been described for cuspidal $\pi$ (Bushnell-Kutzko).
In fact, I think that the supercuspidal representation form a semisimple category, so there the question might really reduce to something trivial, very much like for profinite groups. (profinite groups are actually exactly the compact locally profinite groups;)
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Your group has compact center (in fact trivial center). So supercuspidal representation indeed form a semi-simple category, as pm said (see _URL_ pg. 22-25, 36).
Your Set $L_k$ is finite set of irreducible representations. So the representation that you are looking for is the direct sum of all the representations in $L_k$
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More precisely, this comes from the fact that (since the center is compact) supercuspidal representations are projective and injective objects of the category of smooth representations. – Paul Broussous Feb 28 '12 at 7:55
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How do I find the intersection between $f(x) = 3(x-2)^2$ and $g(x) = 3\sin(x-4)$? It's a sinusodial function so it I couldn't solve it like a normal intersection.
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Are you looking for $x$ such that $f(x) = g(x)$? – user20266 Jun 15 '12 at 16:36
Yes. I would assume to find two $x$s though because it's a quadratic. – user26649 Jun 15 '12 at 16:39
you should then maybe ask for the intersection of the graphs of two functions. To make even clearer what your question is about you could write somthing like 'Intersection of graph of polynomial and sine function' – user20266 Jun 15 '12 at 16:45
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This leads to a transcendental equation. Typically, you can find approximate solutions for these using numerical root-finding algorithms, like Newton's method or Bisection method.
Typically, an anlytical solution to these could be expressed using special functions, but they don't have nice closed form.
However, in your case, it is easy to prove that, in fact, no solutions exists at all in the real numbers (there are complex ones, though) -- since f(x) is always above g(x).
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Why are there stipulations on the approval certificates?
Restrictions and conditions related to an approval are listed as stipulations on an approval certificate. Stipulations are approval specific and are requirements in addition to the requirements of the rules and regulations governing water or wastewater treatment facilities, reclaimed water facilities or reuse water systems.
Stipulations listed on an Approval to Construct, Interim Approval to Construct, Approval to Commence Operations or Approval to Decommission certificate must be completed before proceeding to the next step of the approval process.
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How to Keep Your Mop Sanitary
Wet mop cleaning wooden floor
The Spruce / Ulyana Verbytska
Mops are great tools for keeping floors clean. Foot traffic can lead to dirt and germs in your house. Even if you sweep or vacuum regularly, mopping is the best way to clean hard floors. A common concern about mopping is its effectiveness. A dirty mop will just move the filth around the house and not clean the floors. However, a clean mop and good mopping technique will effectively remove grime and germs from the floor.
 - Once mildew has begun to grow, the mop is no longer effective as a cleaning tool. Mopping with a mildew-ridden mop will just spread bacteria and odor around your house.
How to Keep a Mop Clean
With a few easy steps, you can keep your mop sanitary so that it successfully cleans your floors.
 - Rinse the mop thoroughly after each use. When you are finished mopping, rinse any cleaning solution and dirt from the mop in a sink until the mop is completely clean. Traces of dirt will spread grime during the next use, and leftover soap residue can damage your mop.
 - Wash your mop. If your mop is machine washable, use the washing machine to clean it. Follow the cleaning directions on the mop. A gentle cycle at the hottest temperature is usually recommended. If the mop head is not machine washable, create a mixture of half water, half bleach in a clean bucket (enough to cover the mop head), and soak the mop head for 15 minutes. Rinse the mixture from the mop until the water runs completely clear.
 - Allow the mop to completely dry. To prevent bacteria growth make sure the mophead is dry before storing it away. To do this, start by wringing the mop out as much as you can. Then place the mop head outside on a clothesline; sunshine will naturally kill bacteria and mold. If that's not possible, stand the mop upright in a bathtub or other well ventilated and dry area. The goal is to avoid mildew and bacteria growth.
 - Store the mop properly. A cool, dry place is a perfect storage location. Try hanging it so the mop head avoids brushing against the floor. If you've allowed the mop to dry thoroughly, the mop should be fine for the next use.
 - Replace the mop head when needed. Prevent your mop from becoming a cleaning hazard by replacing the mop head. Aim for a replacement every two to three months or sooner if it looks very dirty. Your floors are only as clean as your mop head; a soiled and worn mop will not be effective.
Yellow mop being soaked in water and bleach
The Spruce / Ulyana Verbytska
Mopping Tips
To keep your house clean, you may want to consider mopping with two buckets. Keep plain water for rinsing in one bucket and detergent in the other bucket. Start with the detergent bucket, mop the floor, and then dip the dirty mop into the rinsing bucket. Squeeze out the water and continue alternating buckets until the floor is done. If either water bucket becomes too soiled, replace it with fresh water and cleaning solution. Try mopping the bathroom last, or even using a separate mop for just the bathroom. These rooms are full of germs and can lead to cross-contamination if a dirty mop gets used around the house.
Finally, although traditional mops are very absorbent and have good scrubbing capacity, you could consider a more hygienic flat mop as a potential alternative.


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Why Video Compression Is Necessary
When students create a video on an iPad for assessment purposes there should be no issues when submitting this to your teacher.
- A raw 2 minute video captured initially using your iPad camera = 218Mb
- This raw video edited in iMovie and exported to the camera roll at HD 720p = 155Mb
- Uploading your HD 720p video to YouTube = 38.3Mb
If you are using SEQTA, TEAMS or OneDrive for your video submission, it is strongly recommended that you use the Compress App to reduce file size before submitting.
Make sure you have access to the following Apps on your iPad.
Video Submission Summary

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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|This guidance document provides basic information about used oil management practices for used oil collection programs. The rules can be found in Title 128 – Nebraska Hazardous Waste Regulations.
Used Oil Collection
- Definition of used oil: Any oil that has been refined from crude oil or any synthetic oil that has been used, and as a result of such use, is contaminated by physical or chemical impurities. (Title 128, Chapter 1, §140)
- New oil is never considered "used oil."
- Examples of substances that are considered used oil and meet the used oil exemption:
- Spent oil from gasoline and diesel engines
- Spent refrigerant lubricating oil
- Spent lubricating oil from aircraft reciprocating and jet engines
- Spent hydraulic fluid
- Spent heat transfer fluids
- Spent transmission fluid
- Cutting oils
Examples of materials that are not used oil:
Used oil that exhibits one or more characteristics of hazardous waste but is recycled in some manner other than being burned for energy recovery is exempt from hazardous waste regulation (Title 128, Chapters 4, and 7 through 23).
Used oil mixed with a listed hazardous waste is a hazardous waste. In fact, if used oil contains more than 1000 ppm of total halogens it is presumed to be a hazardous waste on the assumption that it has been mixed with a halogenated hazardous waste listed in Title 128, Chapter 3, §013 through 016. This presumption may be rebutted. If a used oil collector accepts "rebutted presumption" used oil, we recommend that documentation be kept.
A used oil generator or collector who gives (or sells) used oil directly to an off-specification used oil marketer is not a marketer of used oil. (See page 3 for a discussion of off-specification used oil.) Obtain documentation. Documentation from the off-specification used oil marketer must indicate what he does with the used oil; that is, he does not burn the used oil for energy recovery himself. This documentation is standard in the used oil industry.
A collector of used oil is subject to the used oil marketer provisions of Title 128, Chapter 7, §010.04 if he provides that used oil directly to a person who burns used oil for energy recovery.
The analysis requirement at Title 128, Chapter 7, §010.04B1 may be skipped if the collector/generator stipulates the oil does not meet specification.
Used oil marketers must notify NDEQ of that activity. This notification is done using State of Nebraska Form 8700-12, "RCRA Subtitle C Site Identification Form" commonly referred to as the "Notification of Hazardous Waste Activity 8700-12 Form."
Used oil marketers must use an invoice system. When the marketer initiates a shipment of off-specification used oil, the marketer must send the receiving facility an invoice that has an invoice number, the marketers NDEQ ID #, the names and addresses of both the sending and receiving facilities, the quantity of the off-specification used oil, the date of shipment, and a statement that says "This used oil is subject to NDEQ regulation under Title 128, Chapter 7". A copy of the invoice must be kept for three years.
The marketer must obtain certain written and signed notices from the used oil burner to document the used oil is burned in a proper device. See Title 128, Chapter 7, §010.04B5.
If the marketer claims the used oil meets specification, the marketer must keep copies of the analysis that proves such for three years, maintain a log with certain required information, and provide a cross reference between the log and the used oil analysis.
A person may market off-specification used oil only to burners or other marketers who have notified NDEQ (or other authorized state/EPA) of used oil activities and who have a NDEQ identification number.
- Spent antifreeze
- Brake fluid
- Solvents of any kind
- Unused motor oil
Burning Used Oil
- Used oil burned for energy recovery is subject to the requirements of Title 128, Chapter 7, §010. This section includes:
- A prohibition against burning used oil mixed with hazardous waste, except under limited circumstances.
- A prohibition against burning off-specification used oil in a used oil fired space heater, except under limited circumstances.
- Requirements for generators of used oil burned for energy recovery.
- Requirements for used oil marketers (see discussion below).
- Requirements for burners of used oil.
Off-specification used oil is used oil that exceeds any one or more of the levels for the following:
Arsenic - 5 ppm
Cadmium - 2 ppm
Chromium - 10 ppm
Lead - 100 ppm
Flash Point - 100° F (minimum)
Total Halogens - 4,000 ppm
Used oil that is a hazardous waste solely because it exhibits a characteristic of hazardous waste may be burned for energy recovery if:
- It is not mixed with hazardous waste. This means the used oil may be a characteristic hazardous waste in its own right, but no additional hazardous waste may be added.
- The used oil contains hazardous waste generated SOLELY by a person subject to the requirements of a conditionally exempt small quantity generator (CESQG) of hazardous waste. A CESQG generates 220 pounds or less of hazardous waste per month.
- This means public utilities may burn used oil in their utility boilers for energy recovery if it is their own used oil or it is collected from: a) "do-it-yourself" (DIY) used oil generators; b) farmers who are CESQGs as well as DIY oil generators; c) other businesses who are CESQGs; and d) other businesses who generate hazardous waste above the CESQG level only if it can be confirmed their used oil has not been mixed with hazardous waste. If businesses that generate hazardous waste as small quantity generators (SQG) or large quantity generators (LQG) place hazardous waste in their used oil, their used oil is no longer regulated as used oil.
Off-specification used oil may be burned in oil-fired space heaters if the heater burns only used oil that the owner or operator generates, or used oil from do-it-yourself oil changers who generate the used oil as household waste. For example, a state agency that does oil changes can bring their own off-specification used oil to another of their facilities that has a used oil-fired space heater. That same agency cannot take that used oil to be burned in another state agency's used oil-fired space heater. Any of the above can burn do-it-yourself used oil, but be prepared to prove the do-it-yourself oil is what it claims to be. See below for transportation related issues.
Nebraska does not have any quantity limitations on used oil collection or transportation. A hazardous waste manifest is not required for transporting used oil in Nebraska. Transporters must comply with any appropriate Department of Transportation regulations. See the 49 CFR series. Collectors must comply with applicable State Fire Marshall requirements for storage of flammable and combustible materials.
HANDLING USED OIL AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
Storage and Collection
- Keep hazardous materials separate, properly labeled, and sealed in the recommended containers.
- Develop a system for monitoring incoming used oil. Locked collection ports can help prevent unwanted materials in your used oil.
- We recommend collection tanks have a clearly visible gage that shows the level of product in the tank and overfill protection. Continued overfilling of used oil collection tanks has occurred when there was no indication the tank was actually full.
- Containers and aboveground tanks used to store used oil shall be in good condition (no severe rusting, apparent structural defects or deterioration (T128, Ch7, §009.04A1); and not leaking (with no signs of visible leaks) (T128, Ch7, §009.04A2)
- Containers and aboveground tanks (and other receptacles of used oil) with a volume of 25 gallons or greater, shall be labeled or marked clearly with the words "Used Oil", T128, Ch7, §009.04A3
- The Department recommends that storage or collection areas be covered. The storage or collection location may need to be fenced and locked if vandalism could be a problem.
- Cap, label, cover, and properly store above-ground outdoor liquid containers and small tanks within a bermed area and on a paved impermeable surface, if possible. This practice helps to prevent spills from running into surface or ground water.
- If possible, store materials under a roof or tarpaulin to protect them from the elements and to prevent contaminated runoff.
- Sweep regularly.
- Inspect hazardous materials storage or collection areas at least weekly to ensure there are no leaks or spills.
- Inspect equipment such as pumps, pipes, storage tanks, valves, and material handling equipment for signs of corrosion, support or foundation failure, or other deterioration.
- Promptly clean up spilled materials to prevent runoff, tracking, and spoilage of other materials.
- Stock cleaning and spill response materials where they are readily available.
- Post reminders of good housekeeping practices.
- Provide instruction on securing containers.
- Schedule housekeeping duties and inspections to ensure good housekeeping is being accomplished.
- Maintain adequate aisle space between containers to facilitate material transfer, easy access to materials, and inspections.
- Close used oil containers between filling or emptying events.
- Store containers, drums, and bags away from direct traffic routes to prevent accidental damage or spills.
- Organize materials neatly for storage.
- Store incompatible materials separately.
- Stack containers according to manufacturer's instructions to avoid damage to containers from improper weight distribution.
- Store containers on pallets or in containment devices


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From the almighty Wikipedia :
"A navy shower (or "sea shower") is a method of showering that allows for significant conservation of water and energy by turning off water during the "middle" portion. An initial thirty seconds or so are used to get wet, followed by soap and lather, which is then rinsed off in a minute or less. The total time for the water being on is typically under two minutes.
Navy showers originated on naval ships, where supplies of fresh water were often scarce. Using this method, crew members were able to stay clean, while conserving their limited water supply. The idea has been adopted by many people who wish to conserve water and the energy needed to heat the water, for both environmental and economic reasons. Maritime cruisers often take navy showers when they are not in a port with easy access to fresh water. A ten-minute shower takes as much as 230 L (60 U.S. gallons) of water, while a navy shower usually takes as little as 11 L (3 U.S. gallons); one person can save 56,000 L (15,000 U.S. gallons) per year."

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Keys are unique identifiers that you provide as a parameter when you perform any operation on data. The following applies to keys:
Keys are strings, typically enclosed by quotes for any given SDK.
No spaces are allowed in a key.
Separators and identifiers are allowed, such as underscore: 'person_93847'.
A key must be unique within a bucket; if you attempt to
store the same key in a bucket, it will either overwrite the
value or return an error in the case of
Maximum key size is 250 bytes. Couchbase Server stores all keys in RAM and does not remove these keys to free up space in RAM. Take this into consideration when you select keys and key length for your application.
This last point about key size is important if you consider the size of keys stored for tens or hundreds of millions of records. One hundred million keys which are 70 Bytes each plus meta data at 150 Bytes each will require about 45 GB of RAM for document meta data.


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I think the difference between 50% and 5% might be the difference between marketing and engineering. Engineers tend to be very literal.
If 2 cores get you 180% performance of 1, then in simple terms, that extra core is 50% that gets you the 80%.
What I asked the engineering team was "what is the actual die space of the dedicated integer portion of the module"? So, for instance, if I took an 8 core processor (with 4 modules) and removed one integer core from each module, how much die space would that save. The answer was ~5%.
Simply put, in each module, there are plenty of shared components. And there is a large cache in the processor. And a northbridge/memory controller. The dies themselves are small in relative terms.


How to Clean Your Rotary Evaporator
By Aimee O'Driscoll, 16 December 2019
A rotary evaporator is a complex piece of equipment with multiple components. As such, it's definitely not the simplest item in the lab to clean. However, it's important to clean your rotary evaporator properly. Leaving residue in its components could pose safety risks or affect the outcome of subsequent applications.
There are two main ways to clean your rotary evaporator glassware, both of which we'll discuss further below, including their pros and cons:
 1. The "quick and dirty" method: This involves a quick flush with acetone or another solvent.
 2. Thorough cleaning of glassware: In this case, you need to dismantle the apparatus before cleaning.
In either case, you should aim to clean the rotovap soon after you finish using it. This avoids residue drying onto the glassware and making it more difficult to clean.
1. The "Quick and Dirty" Method
You may have heard about a fast and simple method to clean your rotary evaporator glassware using a quick flush with acetone. The video below illustrates how this is done, but here are the general steps:
 - Fill a small to medium-sized two-neck round-bottom flask about halfway with acetone. (A three-neck flask with a stopper in one socket will work too.)
 - Connect one socket to the rotovap (where the evaporation flask would usually go). You can secure it in place or hold it with one hand. Note, the flask should not be set to spin during this process.
 - Use your thumb to close the second socket of the two-neck flask.
 - Set the vacuum pump to around 250 mbar and switch it on. You should start to see the acetone boil as a result of the reduced pressure.
 - Quickly remove your thumb from the socket and you'll see acetone shoot through the rotovap.
 - Close the socket with your thumb again and repeat the flush if needed.
The obvious advantage to this method is that it's very fast. You don't even need to dismantle your setup. However, it could potentially cause problems. The rapid suction of the solvent into the system means you could up with solvent in your vacuum pump. If this gets into the oil of an oiled pump, it will decrease the time you'll have between oil changes. If you're using an oil-free pump such as a membrane pump, it could become flooded with solvent. If this happens, you'll need to keep it running to help clear the solvent and dry it out.
In either case, in the long run, you're better off skipping this cleaning method altogether and dismantling your setup for cleaning instead.
2. Thorough Cleaning of Glassware
The proper way to clean your rotary evaporator is to take it apart and wash each piece separately. Removable and washable parts include the evaporation flask, condenser, collection flask, and vapor tube.
Many manufacturers will provide advice about cleaning a specific rotary evaporator's components, but these are the basic steps:
 1. Ensure parts are adequately cooled (chilled condensers should be at room temperature).
 2. Remove the component and dispose of its contents according to regulations.
 3. Flush the component with an appropriate solvent. If necessary and suitable as per manufacturer specifications, you can use a brush to remove more stubborn residue.
 4. Allow components to dry before reassembly.
Depending on your application, you may wish to sterilize your glassware using an autoclave. Just bear in mind that if you're using safety-coated glassware, there may be some restrictions on what settings you use and how long you autoclave for. In particular, you should avoid sudden changes in pressure as this can cause the coating to come away from the glassware, leaving folds and creases in the coating once the glassware cools.
Cleaning Other Parts of a Rotary Evaporator
Aside from the glassware, you need to keep up with regular cleaning of other parts of the rotary evaporator.
 - The exterior of the rotovap unit: Cleaning the outside of the rotary evaporator is relatively straightforward. You can wipe it with a cloth moistened with water and a mild detergent, but you should avoid using a flammable cleaning agent such as ethanol on the outside of the unit.
 - The heating bath: This should also be cleaned with an appropriate solvent or water and a mild detergent. Note that some manufacturers advise not to use solvents on a bath, particularly those with Teflon coatings. Be sure that the bath is switched off before cleaning and that the evaporation flask, if still attached, is in the upper stop position.
 - Protective covers: These can be removed and cleaned, but note that they may scratch easily, so avoid using abrasive materials for cleaning. Covers made of protective glass may be sensitive to certain solvents, so it's best to stick with water and a mild detergent.


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A memorable and enriching stay can extend well beyond our hotels. That's why The Ritz-Carlton proudly offers Impact Experiences, providing inspiring opportunities for our guests to contribute to the local community. Impact Experiences are compelling social and environmental impact activities where there is one constant – each program makes a lasting and authentic difference.
Impact Experiences offers on-property activities that can be incorporated in the conference agenda during lunch breaks, receptions and coffee breaks, including:
- Partnering with the hotel's culinary team to prepare the ingredients for a regionally adapted dish for donation to a local hunger relief organization;
- Assembling school supplies and art materials in backpacks for donation to students whose academic success is threatened by poverty;
- Collaborating in teams to assemble emergency preparedness kits for shipping to a disaster relief facility or community organization;
- Designing and creating greetings and birthday cards for children in a local pediatric healthcare facility or children's organization.
- Impact Hour, a platform for leaders from The Ritz-Carlton Community Footprints partner organizations to showcase how they are successfully addressing social and environmental issues.
Additionally, Signature Impact Experiences invite our group guests to take part in an off-site volunteer activity, unique to the destination.


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Wednesday, September 2 News
Fairfield 375: A humble onion made Southport world famous
It was not until the 1840s that globe onions became a major agricultural crop in Fairfield, and Southport became the shipping center for the onions. In fact, the Southport Globe Onion is still sold under that name today.
"It is truly a top-notch producer for the North and still one of the best," the Baker Creek Heirloom Seed Co. in Missouri says on its website of the Southport Globe Onion.
Although onions had been grown here by early farmers, it wasn't until the development of the globe onion with its high yields that Fairfield farmers began growing and selling large shipments of onions. Shipping their onions from the Southport docks to New York by boat from Southport was easier for farmers than taking their crops to either Bridgeport or Norwalk. The local sloops usually took about one week to travel from Southport to New York and back, to pick up more onions.
Warehouses lined the Southport shoreline and hundreds of thousands of barrels of onions were being shipped out of Southport in the early 1890s.
But the local crop went into decline after a plague of cutworms damaged many of the onion fields and low prices were forced by competition from onion growers in other states. Compounding those problems was a federal project to improve Bridgeport Harbor, which emerged as a shipping center that eclipsed Southport as a transportation hub for the crops.


HepvO® is the innovative hygienic Self Sealing Waste Valve. It replaces the traditional water-seal trap and prevents the escape of foul sewer air from waste discharge systems. Unlike conventional waste traps, HepvO® does not rely on trapped water to create a seal. Water seals are prone to failure by Evaporation, Siphonage and other Mechanisms. Instead, HepvO® uses a self sealing membrane which performs the same function as a water seal trap but without the risk of depletion or freezing.
HepvO® actively eliminates negative pressure within the waste system by opening and allowing in fresh air until a state of equilibrium with atmosphere is reached. This means that secondary venting of the waste system via the inclusion of air admittance valves in the waste system is no longer necessary.
Enhance Plumbing Design
The HepvO® valve can be installed vertically or horizontally (with an adaptor) and is available and 1.5 and 1.25. This enables valuable space-saving opportunities to be achieved.
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Autotuning control structures for reliability-driven dynamic binding
This paper explores a formally grounded approach to solve the problem of dynamic binding in serviceoriented software architecture. Dynamic binding is a widely adopted mean to automatically bind exposed software interfaces to actual implementations. The execution of an operation on one or another implementation, though providing the same result, could turn out in different quality of service, e.g. due to failure occurrence. Dynamic binding is thus of primary importance to achieve what in the Software Engineering domain is called "selfadaptiveness", the capability to preserve a desired quality of service, if this is feasible. It is important to reach this goal also in the presence of environmental fluctuations – a route congestion increase – or even abrupt variations – a server breakdown. A quite general dynamic binding problem is here reformulated as a discrete-time feedback control one, and the use of autotuning techniques is discussed, extending previous research, in a view to guaranteeing the desired quality of service without the need for computationally-intensive optimisations.
- Technology and Engineering
51st IEEE Conference on Decision and Control


Drop forging manufacturer
Home » News » Mechanical Processing after Carburizing Treatment of Drop Forging
Mechanical Processing after Carburizing Treatment of Drop Forging
In order to achieve high surface hardness and surface roughness, improve fatigue strength, and meet working performance of drop forgings, Mechanical processing will be operated after carburizing treatment. The mechanical processing after carburizing treatment is generally as follows:
1) Machining
The surface carbon content after carburizing is high, and after heat treatment, the surface of drop forged blanks will exsit a large amount of residual austenite, easy to form grinding cracks, such as burns and crack, in the process of grinding. Besides, grinding crack can also produce if there is thick carbide, carbide network or carbide film. So in the process of Mechanical Processing, we should refer to the technical requirements of carburizing forgings, choose the correct process parameters according to the specific characteristics. This will help improve the quality of the drop forgings, and can guide the actual machining.
2) Shot blasting
Shot blast the carburized drop forgings into shot blasting machines, pill granule will impact the products with high speed of 50 ~ 70 m/s after a certain period of time, on the surface depth range of 0.1 ~ 0. 25 mm, drop forgings will win the uniform cold work hardening layer, thus to improve the hardnss of forging surface. Its effect has a direct relationship with the original organization of material surface. There will be obvious hardening effect if the surface has redundant residual austenite organization after quenching. Once appear carbide network on the surface, it will cause the emergence of surface crack, therefore, there is a strict control and requirements on the quenching organization of carburized forging surface.
3) Rolling or polishing
To improve the fatigue life, and the strengthening effect of drop forging surface, except for shot blasting processing, drop forgings can also be rolled or polished processing, namely rolling or rolling friction polishing. It is a kind of cold work hardening and strengthening technologies on the surface, which has the following features:
a) Improving surface hardness, change the size and distribution of residual stresses.
b) Improve surface finish of drop forgings.
c) Increase bending fatigue strength and touching fatigue strength.
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Definitions for air force
This page provides all possible meanings and translations of the word air force
Princeton's WordNet
 1. air force, airforce(noun)
 the airborne branch of a country's armed forces
 1. air force(Noun)
 2. air force(Noun)
 3. Air Force(ProperNoun)
 The United States Air Force.
 4. Air Force(ProperNoun)
 Sports teams representing the United States Air Force Academy.
 1. Air force
 1. Chaldean Numerology
 The numerical value of air force in Chaldean Numerology is: 2
 2. Pythagorean Numerology
 The numerical value of air force in Pythagorean Numerology is: 3
Sample Sentences & Example Usage
 1. President Dilma Rousseff:
 I have no right to use an Air Force plane to travel.
 2. Eric Caine:
 Air Force members 've got to make for healthier environments.
 3. Citizen United president:
 These were Air Force flights and crews but State has the records?
 4. Phillip Rolen:
 These girls were born on an Air Force base so you can imagine my reaction, it 's absurd.
 5. Jerry Hendrix:
 Air Force leadership has failed to balance the idea that quantity has a quality of its own.
Images & Illustrations of air force
Translations for air force
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text:
Radioisotope-Powered Voltaic Cells
Small Business Information
One Patriots Park, Bedford, MA, 01730
AbstractSpire's program will develop a high energy density, long life power source for space applications such as Brilliant Pebbles and Brilliant Eyes. The essential element of the proposed device consists of a radioisotope powered indium phosphide voltaic cell that can achieve an energy density over ten thousand times greater than that of chemical batteries. In past attempts to develop radioisotope powered voltaic cells, the power attained was severely limited by radiation damage to the silicon semiconductor material used in the cells. This limitation has been removed by the recently discovered radiation damage resistance and annealing properties of indium phosphide. High energy beta and alpha emitters can now achieve high power and long life, and the use of alpha emitters can eliminate external radiation. Spire's voltaic cells represent a power source for remote or inaccessible locations such as space, ocean depths, arctic or mountainous regions, as well as for implantable power sources for cardiac pacemakers, insulin pumps, and ventricular assist devices.
* information listed above is at the time of submission.


text:
Plant Inspection Training
TWI offers plant inspector training courses at three competency levels, in modular format, for a clearly defined and structured career path. Each level leads to an internationally recognised CSWIP qualification.
Resources of successful plant operators can be stretched when faced with unforeseen problems or when time-investment is required for long-term planning. TWI plant inspector training courses prepare engineers for these pressures by teaching them how to identify the most cost-effective practical solution using state-of-the-art assessment tools and techniques.
This internationally recognised CSWIP plant inspector certification scheme responds to the critical need of industry to ensure that engineers involved in asset integrity management are suitably qualified to deliver optimised plant inspection and assessment.
CSWIP Plant Inspector - Level 1
CSWIP Plant Inspector - Levels 2/3
These plant inspection courses are designed for plant engineers, welding/NDT inspectors/practitioners, materials and corrosion engineers, and plant inspectors responsible for managing the safety and integrity of ageing process equipment, pipelines, boilers and storage tanks.
The scheme will suit personnel working for manufacturing works (Vendor), inspection organisations, equipment owners and operators, classification societies, insurance companies and safety regulators. The training has three goals:
to ensure inspectors and engineers responsible for assessing plant integrity have the essential tools and skills
to recognise and certify plant inspector competence
to provide a structured career path for continuing professional development of plant integrity practitioners through formal training/certification


Quick Answer: How Do You Delete A Message On Facebook Messenger After 10 Minutes?
How do you delete Facebook messages on both sides after 10 minutes?
Step 1- Go to the Facebook conversation you would like to delete from both sides after 10 minutes.
Step 2- Click on the Action gear icon & choose option Report Spam or Abuse from the pop-up menu that appears..
Why can't I remove a message for everyone on messenger after 10 minutes?
For up to 10 minutes after a message is sent, users will soon have the option to delete that message from the conversation. To do this, users need only to tap the message once and select "Remove for Everyone."
How can you tell if someone has deleted your message on messenger?
Does deleting a message on messenger delete it for the other person?
Using "delete" in the messenger deletes the message in your version of the thread but not the recipient's. So deleting a message or conversation from your inbox won't delete it from your friend's inbox. It isn't possible to delete sent or received messages from a friend's inbox.
Q: How to delete shared photos on Messenger permanently from both sides? A: Tap and hold the photo you want to delete. Now, click on "Remove" and then, click on "Remove for Everyone" and finally, confirm the deletion. You'll the message with the thread, stating "You removed messages" on the bottom of your screen.
When someone blocks you on Messenger only, you will still see them on your list but can't send them messages or view their last seen or online status. However, you must note that this doesn't only happen when a user blocks you. You will also not be able to interact with them if they deactivate their Facebook account.
How do you delete Messenger chats from everyone?
Does the other person know when you delete a conversation on Facebook?
How do you delete Imessages on both sides?
On your iPhone, iPad, or iPod touchIn a message conversation, touch and hold the message bubble or attachment that you want to delete.Tap More.Tap Trash, then tap Delete Message. If you want to delete all messages in the thread tap Delete All, in the upper-left corner. Then tap Delete Conversation.Aug 19, 2020
Why can't I delete my messages on messenger?
Apparently, you cannot delete one message from new Facebook Messages. You can only delete the entire correspondence with a given person. Since the messages are grouped by friend, you would have to delete all your correspondence.
Can a blocked person see old messages?
Can blocked Facebook users see old messages?
Why delete for everyone option is not coming?
Time Limit for Deleting WhatsApp Messages You can unsend messages within an hour of sending them only. After that, you will not see the Delete for everyone option. So, if it's missing when you press the delete icon, you might be trying to delete it after an hour of sending a message.
How do you delete Facebook messages on both sides after a long time?
Will Blocking someone on Facebook delete messages?
How do I permanently delete messages from messenger?
To delete a conversation in Facebook Messenger using the app, hold down your finger on the conversation and then tap "Delete." Confirm you want to delete the conversation to delete it permanently.
What happens when you Unsend a message on messenger?
If you selecting 'Unsend', Facebook Messenger will replace your message with a notice that says the message was unsent by you and it will have a 'Removed at [timestamp]'. … If you want to remove a message just for yourself, select "Remove for You" (others will still see your message with this option).
How do I permanently delete photos from Messenger?
To delete a message or photo:Open the conversation.Hover over the message or photo you want to delete.Click More.Click Remove > Remove.
Does deleting Facebook delete everything?


How many shards should I have in my Elasticsearch cluster
Original link
Elasticsearch is a very versatile platform, that supports a variety of use cases, and provides great flexibility around data organisation and replication strategies. This flexibility can however sometimes make it hard to determine up-front how to best organize your data into indices and shards, especially if you are new to the Elastic Stack. While suboptimal choices will not necessarily cause problems when first starting out, they have the potential to cause performance problems as data volumes grow over time. The more data the cluster holds, the more difficult it also becomes to correct the problem, as reindexing of large amounts of data can sometimes be required.
When we come across users that are experiencing performance problems, it is not uncommon that this can be traced back to issues around how data is indexed and number of shards in the cluster. This is especially true for use-cases involving multi-tenancy and/or use of time-based indices. When discussing this with users, either in person at events or meetings or via our forum, some of the most common questions are "How many shards should I have?" and "How large should my shards be?".
This blog post aims to help you answer these questions and provide practical guidelines for use cases that involve the use of time-based indices, e.g. logging or security analytics, in a single place.
What is a shard?
Before we start, we need to establish some facts and terminology that we will need in later sections.
Data in Elasticsearch is organized into indices. Each index is made up of one or more shards. Each shard is an instance of a Lucene index, which you can think of as a self-contained search engine that indexes and handles queries for a subset of the data in an Elasticsearch cluster.
As data is written to a shard, it is periodically published into new immutable Lucene segments on disk, and it is at this time it becomes available for querying. This is referred to as a refresh. How this works is described in greater detail in Elasticsearch: the Definitive Guide.
As the number of segments grow, these are periodically consolidated into larger segments. This process is referred to as merging. As all segments are immutable, this means that the disk space used will typically fluctuate during indexing, as new, merged segments need to be created before the ones they replace can be deleted. Merging can be quite resource intensive, especially with respect to disk I/O.
The shard is the unit at which Elasticsearch distributes data around the cluster. The speed at which Elasticsearch can move shards around when rebalancing data, e.g. following a failure, will depend on the size and number of shards as well as network and disk performance.
TIP: Avoid having very large shards as this can negatively affect the cluster's ability to recover from failure. There is no fixed limit on how large shards can be, but a shard size of 50GB is often quoted as a limit that has been seen to work for a variety of use-cases.
Index by retention period
As segments are immutable, updating a document requires Elasticsearch to first find the existing document, then mark it as deleted and add the updated version. Deleting a document also requires the document to be found and marked as deleted. For this reason, deleted documents will continue to tie up disk space and some system resources until they are merged out, which can consume a lot of system resources.
Elasticsearch allows complete indices to be deleted very efficiently directly from the file system, without explicitly having to delete all records individually. This is by far the most efficient way to delete data from Elasticsearch.
TIP: Try to use time-based indices for managing data retention whenever possible. Group data into indices based on the retention period. Time-based indices also make it easy to vary the number of primary shards and replicas over time, as this can be changed for the next index to be generated. This simplifies adapting to changing data volumes and requirements.
Are indices and shards not free?
For each Elasticsearch index, information about mappings and state is stored in the cluster state. This is kept in memory for fast access. Having a large number of indices in a cluster can therefore result in a large cluster state, especially if mappings are large. This can become slow to update as all updates need to be done through a single thread in order to guarantee consistency before the changes are distributed across the cluster.
TIP: In order to reduce the number of indices and avoid large and sprawling mappings, consider storing data with similar structure in the same index rather than splitting into separate indices based on where the data comes from. It is important to find a good balance between the number of indices and the mapping size for each individual index.
Each shard has data that need to be kept in memory and use heap space. This includes data structures holding information at the shard level, but also at the segment level in order to define where data reside on disk. The size of these data structures is not fixed and will vary depending on the use-case.
One important characteristic of the segment related overhead is however that it is not strictly proportional to the size of the segment. This means that larger segments have less overhead per data volume compared to smaller segments. The difference can be substantial.
In order to be able to store as much data as possible per node, it becomes important to manage heap usage and reduce the amount of overhead as much as possible. The more heap space a node has, the more data and shards it can handle.
Indices and shards are therefore not free from a cluster perspective, as there is some level of resource overhead for each index and shard.
TIP: Small shards result in small segments, which increases overhead. Aim to keep the average shard size between a few GB and a few tens of GB. For use-cases with time-based data, it is common to see shards between 20GB and 40GB in size.
TIP: As the overhead per shard depends on the segment count and size, forcing smaller segments to merge into larger ones through a forcemerge operation can reduce overhead and improve query performance. This should ideally be done once no more data is written to the index. Be aware that this is an expensive operation that should ideally be performed during off-peak hours.
TIP: The number of shards you can hold on a node will be proportional to the amount of heap you have available, but there is no fixed limit enforced by Elasticsearch. A good rule-of-thumb is to ensure you keep the number of shards per node below 20 to 25 per GB heap it has configured. A node with a 30GB heap should therefore have a maximum of 600-750 shards, but the further below this limit you can keep it the better. This will generally help the cluster stay in good health.
How does shard size affect performance?
In Elasticsearch, each query is executed in a single thread per shard. Multiple shards can however be processed in parallel, as can multiple queries and aggregations against the same shard.
This means that the minimum query latency, when no caching is involved, will depend on the data, the type of query, as well as the size of the shard. Querying lots of small shards will make the processing per shard faster, but as many more tasks need to be queued up and processed in sequence, it is not necessarily going to be faster than querying a smaller number of larger shards. Having lots of small shards can also reduce the query throughput if there are multiple concurrent queries.
TIP: The best way to determine the maximum shard size from a query performance perspective is to benchmark using realistic data and queries. Always benchmark with a query and indexing load representative of what the node would need to handle in production, as optimizing for a single query might give misleading results.
How do I manage shard size?
When using time-based indices, each index has traditionally been associated with a fixed time period. Daily indices are very common, and often used for holding data with short retention period or large daily volumes. These allow retention period to be managed with good granularity and makes it easy to adjust for changing volumes on a daily basis. Data with a longer retention period, especially if the daily volumes do not warrant the use of daily indices, often use weekly or monthly induces in order to keep the shard size up. This reduces the number of indices and shards that need to be stored in the cluster over time.
TIP: If using time-based indices covering a fixed period, adjust the period each index covers based on the retention period and expected data volumes in order to reach the target shard size.
Time-based indices with a fixed time interval works well when data volumes are reasonably predictable and change slowly. If the indexing rate can vary quickly, it is very difficult to maintain a uniform target shard size.
In order to be able to better handle this type of scenarios, the Rollover and Shrink APIs were introduced. These add a lot of flexibility to how indices and shards are managed, specifically for time-based indices.
The rollover index API makes it possible to specify the number of documents and index should contain and/or the maximum period documents should be written to it. Once one of these criteria has been exceeded, Elasticsearch can trigger a new index to be created for writing without downtime. Instead of having each index cover a specific time-period, it is now possible to switch to a new index at a specific size, which makes it possible to more easily achieve an even shard size for all indices.
In cases where data might be updated, there is no longer a distinct link between the timestamp of the event and the index it resides in when using this API, which may make updates significantly less efficient as each update my need to be preceded by a search.
TIP: If you have time-based, immutable data where volumes can vary significantly over time, consider using the rollover index API to achieve an optimal target shard size by dynamically varying the time-period each index covers


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LEAF (Linking Environment And Farming) is the leading organisation delivering sustainable food and farming. Working with farmers, the food industry, scientists, educationalists and consumers, LEAF inspires and enables sustainable farming that is prosperous, enriches the environment and engages local communities. It develops and promotes Integrated Farm Management (IFM) and works in three core pillars:
- Facilitating knowledge generation and exchange amongst farmers and researchers through the LEAF Network of Demonstration Farms and Innovation Centres; LEAF develops management tools and resources to support farmers in the adoption of IFM. These include the LEAF Sustainable Farming Review, IFM Guide and IFM Bulletin. Farmers also have the opportunity to see IFM in practice by visiting LEAF Demonstration Farms.
- Developing Market Opportunities through the LEAF Marque Standard.
- Engaging the public in sustainable food and farming through a range of educational and public engagement activities including LEAF Open Farm Sunday, LEAF Open Farm School Days, Countryside Classroom, resources and training.
Role in the project
LEAF is co-leader in the knowledge exchange and dissemination package (work package 7). They also have a network of 38 Demonstration Farms in the UK, which can be interviewed for work package 1 and have links to farmers across Europe and the world who are LEAF Marque certified. The LEAF Marque is a global assurance scheme recognising sustainably farmed products, which can be used as a case study in work package 5.
Key persons involved
- Alice Midmer, Co-leader work package 7, leader task 7.2
- Caroline Drummond
- Laura Tippin, Task 7.2


text:
1. Open GameCIH
2. Select "Input Number"
3. Input the amount you want to change
4. Change the values a few times until you get 1-2 addresses
5. Lock the value(s)
6. Commit an action (such as making a recipe) for the change(s) to take effect
(I tried to change the popularity values, but I'd get 0 addresses every time)


Wednesday, 5 December 2012
How to make Roman coins
Ebi-kun has had an interest in ancient Rome and gladiators recently so we decided to make some Roman coins.
We used a basic salt dough and added brown food colour.
Salt dough recipe
2 cups of plain flour
1/2 cup salt
1/2 - 3/4 cup hot water
+ brown food colour
Just throw everything into a bowl and mix until you get a dough. Then take a small lump of dough, roll it into a ball the squash it flat. We experimented with different tools but found the end of a paintbrush worked best for engraving the numbers.
We baked them at 180c for 10 minutes then turned them over and gave them another 5 minutes.
Once they had cooled we painted them with varnish, Ebi-kun is a bit heavy handed with the varnish so some came out a bit splogy.
1 comment:
 1. What a great idea!! We have made some for my sons Roman topic at school, really enjoyed this and he secretly was learning about roman numerals without really knowing about it!!! Don't tell him LOL
Thank you!
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South American Blackwater Biotope Aquarium Setup
A biotope aquaria is an aquarium that is set-up to simulate a natural habitat. The fish, plants, water chemistry, and furnishings are similar to those that can be found in a specific natural setting.
Always check compatibility! Some species from a particular habitat are not suitable tankmates. For example, the Peacock Bass will eat small tetras since they are their natural food in the wild.
The biotope aquarium can be adapted by adding species from disparate areas that have similar water requirements.
[Photos from various habitats/biotopes]
Freshwater fish species listed by country and ecosystem -- excellent resources for constructing biotope aquaria.
South American Blackwater Stream
Blackwater ponds, creeks, and rivers originate in the rain-forest. In the slow-moving waters, acids are leeched from decaying vegetation creating very transparent, tea-colored water. These waters have almost no measurable water hardness and an acidic pH.
The substrate in blackwater habitats is typically leaf litter over a base of fine clay or sand. Decaying wood and plant matter is common especially in flooded igapo forest. There are many submerged terrestrial plants, many of which retain most of their leaves.
Rio Negro
pH: 4.5-6.5, 0-4 dH, 81-86 F (27-30 C)
Furnish the tank with bog wood and a dark, fine gravel substrate.
There can be subdued lighting and still water.
Peat filtration is recommended.
Sword plants, Heteranthera, Ceratophyllum, Vallisneria, Cabomba
Discus, Angelfish, Dwarf Cichlids, Tetras, Hatchetfish, Corydoras, Farlowella, Loricarids.
Blackwater River: Brazil, Venezuela, Rio Negro (Brazil), Rio Negro (Brazil), Rio Negro (Brazil), Rio Negro (Brazil), Mixing of Waters - Rio Negro and the Amazon, Mixing of Waters - Rio Negro and the Amazon, Brazil, Brazil, Rio Negro Beach, Rio Negro Beach.
Blackwater Lake: Brazil,
South American Blackwater Creek Mountain blackwater creek: Venezuela, Venezuela, Venezuela.
Blackwater creek: Venezuela
Igapo: Brazil, Brazil, Brazil, Brazil, Brazil, Brazil.
Altum Angelfish Biotope Aquarium Pictures
Discus Biotope Aquarium Pictures


Tolkien Gateway
Everholt was the name the Rohirrim gave to a section of the Firien Wood. It was notorious for its boar, after which the forest was named.[1]
[edit] Etymology
The name means "boar-wood". The first element comes from Old English eofor, "boar". The second element appears also in Dimholt.
Eofor is also a Rohirric name.
[edit] References


text: WHY OLIVE Oil SOAP! Olive Oil Soap leaves behind a thin layer of olive oil, which holds moisture while allowng your skin to breathe. WHY GOATS MILK! Goats milk adds richness, and a creamier later to bath and body soap, and it's also very moisturizing. It is used universally by people with sensitivities to other types of milk for everything from feeding babies to bathing. Adding the milk lowers the pH which helps to maintain the natural pH mantel of your skin. Goat milk is also a natural source of alpha-hydroxy acids. Your skin will look and feel smoother.


Calendar for mobile web browsers
You can use Google Calendar on almost any smartphone without downloading an app. Just go to in your mobile web browser. But if you have an Android phone or iPhone, it's simpler to sync with an app instead.
Get started
 1. Open the web browser on your phone or tablet (the same app you use to visit other websites).
 2. Go to
 3. Sign in to your Google Account.
View your calendar
View your day or month
Touch Day or Month at the top to switch between Day and Month view. Use the left and right arrows to go to other months and days. While in Month view, touch a day to see a list of the day's events.
You can always touch Today at the top to jump back to the current date.
View events while offline
If you recently viewed an event in Google Calendar on a mobile browser, you'll still be able to see your event when you don't have access to an Internet connection. You'll only be able to view events, not add or edit them.
Data stored on your device
When you access Google Calendar on your mobile browser, data may be stored on your device for improved performance. You may be able to access and clear this information in your browser's settings. For example, you can clear data for individual websites with Chrome for Android using these directions. Visit the help center for your browser to learn how to clear website data stored on your device.
Create & edit events
Add a new event
 1. Go to in your mobile web browser.
 2. In the top right corner, touch the plus icon +.
 3. Type in a title and choose the date and time.
 4. You can invite someone to your event by typing the person's email address under "Add a person to this meeting." They'll receive an invitation email.
 5. When you're done, touch Save at the top.
Note: You may not be able to add events if your web browser isn't supported. You can try downloading another popular web browser.
Edit and delete events
 1. Go to in your mobile web browser.
 2. Open the event you want to edit by going to the day, then touching the event.
 3. To edit the event, touch Edit in the top right. Make changes and touch Save.
 4. To delete the event, touch Delete in the top right.
Hide or show individual calendars
If you have multiple calendars in your account, you can choose whether to hide or show each calendar. When you hide a calendar, the events on that calendar won't show up when you view your schedule.
 1. Go to in your mobile web browser.
 2. Touch Settings at the bottom.
 4. Touch Save in the top right.
The mobile browser version of Google Calendar doesn't support notifications. However, if you'd like to get notifications on your phone, you can sync with an app instead. Learn more about syncing with mobile.
If you get an "Invalid certificate" or "Could not verify domain" error, or are generally experiencing problems accessing Google Calendar, your mobile browser may not be supported. Here are a few things you can try:
 - Download a different browser on your phone.
 - Make sure cookies are turned on for your browser. Look in the settings of your mobile browser.
 - Instead of using a mobile browser, sync with a mobile app.
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page author courtney
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text:
Coherence of Business Cycles and Economic Shocks between Croatia and Euro Area Member States
|Authors||Karlo Kotarac, Davor Kunovac and Rafael Ravnik|
|JEL||F33, F44, E42, C32|
cycle coherence, aggregate supply and demand shocks, symmetric and asymmetric shocks
The paper analyses the coherence of business cycles and supply and demand shocks between Croatia and euro area core countries. The results obtained point to several basic conclusions. Firstly, the coherence of business cycles and the correlation of supply and demand shocks between Croatia and euro area core countries are relatively high. Secondly, symmetric (common) shocks are dominant for explaining the dynamics in domestic GDP, while the contributions of asymmetric shocks are significantly smaller. Thirdly, the results point to the convergence of supply and demand shocks and business cycles between Croatia and euro area core countries. Based on all of the above, we may conclude that the introduction of the euro and the related adoption of the common countercyclical monetary policy should not result in significant costs for the Croatian economy.


text:
Regional Modeling Program
PART manages the regional modeling program in partnership with the North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) Planning Department and the Greensboro, Winston-Salem, High Point, and Burlington-Graham Metropolitan Planning Organizations (MPOs).The program is jointly funded by each agency listed above and saves each MPO approximately $100,000 a year through PART's coordination of the program. View our Regional Modeling Vision (PDF).
The program consists of four elements:
- Regional Travel Demand Model (RTDM)
RTDM is a multi-modal four-step regional travel demand model, designed to support long range transportation planning and programming decisions in the Triad region and in the Greensboro, Winston-Salem, High Point, and Burlington-Graham MPOs. Learn more about the Regional Travel Demand Model.
- Advanced Freight Model (AFM)
The goal is to provide a safe freight transportation system, support the region's economic well-being, and achieve efficiency in operations and investment in the freight transportation system. Learn more about the Advanced Freight Model.
- Transit Boarding and Estimation Simulation Tool (TBEST)
The Transit Boarding Estimation and Simulation Tool is a multi-faceted GIS-based modeling, planning and analysis tool which integrates socio-economic, land use, and transit network data into a unique platform for scenario-based transit ridership estimation and analysis. Learn more about the Transit Boarding and Estimation Simulation Tool.
- CommunityViz Scenario Model (CVSM)
PART is leading an effort to introduce a scenario planning tool called CommunityViz. Learn more about CommunityViz.


text:
- A novel identification system for screening of the counterfeit drugs is proposed.
- The strategy provides an alternative.
- The strategy is demonstrated with high rapidity, accuracy and cost-effectiveness.
Quick inspection methods for counterfeit drugs are of vital necessity. In this study, the feasibility of portable Raman spectroscopy as an analytical method together with a novel identification system for fake drugs detection is demonstrated. The rapid and convenient identification system based on modified local straight-line screening (LSLS) and principal component analysis (PCA) is developed to distinguish counterfeit from authentic. LSLS algorithm was originally designed to detect synthetic drug(s) adulterated in herbal medicines based on infrared spectroscopy. In order to adapt the LSLS method for the detection of the suspected counterfeit drugs based on portable Raman spectroscopy, modification of weighting is made in this paper to obtain the low false positive rate (FPR) and low false negative rate (FNR). The proposed identification system has been benchmarked by 7 kinds (40 batches) of hypoglycemic tablets and 12 common pharmaceutical excipients. The total sensitivity, specificity and accuracy are 96.77%, 97.48% and 96.35% respectively. The results indicate that the identification system is appropriate for the on-site preliminary screening of the suspected counterfeit drugs.


Marble Surface
Anointing of the Sick
Appointments may be scheduled by
contacting the Parish Office
anointing of the sick1.jpg
How can we decide if we should ask to be anointed?
A reasonably sure judgment is sufficient for deciding on the seriousness of an illness. For example: A sick person may be anointed before surgery, whether or not a serious illness is the reason for the surgery. Elderly people may be anointed if they have become notably weakened even though no serious illness is present. Sick children may be anointed if they have sufficient use of reason to be strengthened by this Sacrament. If you are still unsure, when in doubt, ask Father!
How is this sacrament celebrated?
The celebration of this sacrament consists essentially in an anointing with oil which may be blessed by the bishop. The anointing is on the forehead and on the hands of the sick person accompanied by the prayer of the priest who asks for the special grace of this sacrament.
What are the effects of this sacrament?
Does a person have to be dying to receive this
No. The Catechism says, "The anointing of the sick is not a Sacrament for those
this sacrament has certainly already arrived" (CCC 1514).
How Can I Schedule an Anointing?
During ordinary business hours, just call the Parish office _PHONE_ and speak
with the secretary or email _EMAIL_.
anointing of the sick 2.jpg


Take the 2-minute tour ×
Let us fix a torus $\Sigma=S^1 \times S^1$. We consider a cylinder $\Sigma \times I$ and a data $(\Sigma\times I, \Sigma\times 0, \Sigma\times 1, f_{0},f_{1})$. Here $f_{i}$, called parametrization, is a homeomorphism from $\Sigma$ to $\Sigma \times i$, for $i=0, 1$. Two such data are equivalent if there is a homeomorphism $\Sigma \times I$ to itself such that on the boundary it commutes with parametrizations.
Let us consider the composition
$H_1(\Sigma; \mathbb{Z}) \to H_1(\Sigma \times 0; \mathbb{Z}) \to H_1(\Sigma \times 1; \mathbb{Z}) \to H_1(\Sigma; \mathbb{Z})$.
Here the first and the third ismorphism are induced by the parametrizations $f_{i}$, $i=0, 1$ respectively and the second isomorphism (let's say $h$) is obtained by pushing loops in the bottom base of $\Sigma \times I$ to the top base using the cylindrical structure on $\Sigma \times I$.
Note that $h$ might not be the identity and might differ by each data.
The composition $f_{1}^{-1}hf_{0}$ of these gives an element of a mapping class group $M(\Sigma)$ of $\Sigma$.
Question: If two data induce the same element in $M(\Sigma)$, are these two data equivalent? Can you give a concrete homeomorphism $\Sigma \times I$ to itself that gives an equivalence?
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I don't understand. Why do you introduce the action on homology? The mapping class group is not defined using homology. – Bruno Martelli Feb 16 '12 at 14:14
I am concern with the case when $\Sigma$ is a torus $S^1 \times S^1$. I edited the statement to this case. Thanks. – knot Feb 16 '12 at 16:28
1 Answer 1
It appears that you are asking if concordance of homeomorphisms of tori is equivalent to their isotopy. (Your notion of "equivalent data" simply means "concordant homeomorphisms", your definition of the mapping class group for the tori is equivalent to the standard one since your surface has genus 1.) The answer is yes. If $\Sigma$ is the torus then two homeomorphisms of $\Sigma$ are isotopic iff they induce the same map of $H_1(\Sigma)$. (False in the higher genus case.) What you observed for tori (using homology), is that concordance of $f_1, f_2$ implies that they induce the same map of $H_1(\Sigma)$ which, in turn, implies that $f_1, f_2$ are isotopic. The converse (which, I think, is your question) is obvious: If $f_t$ is an isotopy of $f_1$ to $f_2$ then the map $F: \Sigma\times I\to \Sigma\times I$ given by
is the required concordance. Actually, the same conclusion Concordance $\iff$ isotopy holds for higher genus surfaces as well. The nontrivial direction is Concordance $\Rightarrow$ isotopy. The reason it holds is a theorem by Waldhausen (although, in the special case when $M=\Sigma \times I$, the result is due to Stallings, I think):
Theorem. Suppose that $M$ is a Haken manifold, $f_1, f_2: M\to M$ are homeomorphisms which agree on the boundary. Then $f_1$ is isotopic to $f_2$ (rel. boundary) iff $f_1, f_2$ induce the same map of the fundamental group.
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DNI Advice
The Spanish NIE has provided quite a lot of unpleasant last minute surprises, since is compulsory to show it on any important act made in Spain.
You will find here the most frequently asked questions, so you save yourself a few problems:
What is a NIE?
An NIE Number is a tax identification number to be used in Spain. Prior to purchasing a property, selling a property, obtaining a mortgage, starting up a business or working in Spain, it is a requirement by law that every individual possess an NIE Number. The application process is laborious and time consuming, and without the use of a service such as ours, would require normally two trips to Spain, and over 10 hours of waiting in queues, along with the filling out of complex application forms.
The actual NIE Number, when produced from a National Police Station in Spain is printed out on a piece of paper, and this sheet of paper is often used as a form of identity. Once you have been issued an NIE number, it is yours for life.
Everywhere on the internet it says that you have to apply in person for your NIE Number? Is this true?
Yes, this is certainly the case. Without question the Spanish law states very clearly that the person must apply for the documents in person. However, the Spanish law also clearly states that a legalised, Spanish power-of-attorney document enables any individual to be represented by another for all legal purposes in Spain (as long as it is declared as such within the power-of-attorney). Therefore through virtue of these combined laws, we are able to apply for a NIE number on your behalf without the need for you to be in Spain.
You should also note that, regardless of the clearly stated laws, many local branches of the national police throughout Spain choose not to allow this, which is why some lawyers are unable to act on your behalf for this purpose.
How long does the procedure take?
Once we have received your documents (POA and copies of passports – both legalised) the NIE number is obtained within 10 business days (which equates to normally 2 weeks, exceptions made for public and bank holidays).
Prior to sending the documents to us, they must be notarised (by a Notary Public in your area) and then stamped with the Hague Apostille.
Do I need to send photos for my NIE number card?
No you do not need to send photos to apply for the NIE number.
The NIE number is in fact not a card at all. Rather it is a sheet of A4 paper bearing your details (as outlined on your passport) as well as an official stamp from the National Police of Spain. This original document is an extremely important item of identification in Spain, even though it does not include any photo. Your passport and/or eventually your residence card used in conjunction with your NIE number is generally sufficient for most functions to do with government & taxation in Spain(such as purchasing a property in Spain, paying taxes, selling a property in Spain, etc.).
What happens if I have lost my NIE Number?
Applying for a duplicate NIE number is the same process as applying for the first time. One thing to watch out for however, albeit most of the time this goes without saying, is that the same details are put on the second application form as the first because if not, they police will have problems in issuing the same number if they cannot prove 100% that it is the same person.
I am an EU Citizen, what documentation do you need from me?
As an EU citizen, in order to obtain an NIE Number on your behalf, we will require only a notarised, legalised power of attorney document and a notarised, legalised copy of your passport. There is nothing further required.
I am an NON-EU Citizen, what documentation do you need from me?
As a non-EU citizen, in order to obtain an NIE Number on your behalf, we will require a notarised, legalised power of attorney document, a notarised, legalised copy of your full passport, a full copy of your passport (all pages – email or fax is fine for this purpose), documented evidence (or proof of) why you require an NIE Number. In the case of a property purchase, a private purchase contract, a letter from a mortgage company, or similar type of document will suffice.
I've been told I can apply for my NIE card through the Spanish consulate. Is this true? If yes, what benefits does your service offer over applying through a Spanish consulate?
Yes, this is entirely true. The primary benefit of using our service as opposed to applying through a Spanish consulate is speed. The average time required for an individual to obtain their NIE number via applying through a Spanish consulate is 16 weeks. This varies from one country to the next, we encourage people to contact their closest Spanish consulate first and enquire about their turnaround time.
Can I get a temporary NIE number at the consulate to sign the deeds of my property?
This is not possible. The NIE that you are issued initially is the same NIE for the rest of your life. Even if you lose the document and apply for a new one, the same number will be issued to you again. Therefore there is no such thing as a temporary NIE.
If you need the NIE for signing title deeds in Spain, as soon as we have submitted the application, we can send a stamped copy to the sellers, mortgage broker, lawyer or whomever is demanding the NIE as proof that the NIE is on the way. This usually pacifies the situation until the document is issued.


text:
Finger Dowsing: How To Tell If Your Partner Is Faithful – by Tana Hoy
Did you know that you can use a secret psychic method of divination to tell if your partner is faithful? You don't have to use a pendulum, or other psychic tools such as Tarot cards to get this information. All you need is your mind, your will, and your index finger, to get an answer!
Finger Dowsing - An Excellent Method To Find Answers
To dowse is when you try to search for hidden objects, like water or treasures, with the use of instruments such as pendulums and dowsing rods. When you dowse with your finger, your finger becomes like a human dowsing rod. Instead of lusing it to look for objects, you can use it to find answers to questions, especially questions about love and relationships.
Learning to dowse with your finger is actually very convenient because you can do it very discreetly. For example, while you're sitting across from your date in a restaurant, waiting for your food to be served, you can secretly divine an answer to find out if he or she is really interested in having a relationship with you. Or when you are standing in line behind your partner, you can use it to see if they are being faithful, or telling the truth about something!
How To Be A Finger Dowser
Certain preparation is needed if you're going to use this finger technique to dowse, especially when it's your first time. But the most important advice I can give is, always try clear your mind of jealousy, vengeful thoughts, self-doubt, and other negative emotions, when using this method, as this will greatly affect the answer you will get.
Here are the steps you need to do to prepare yourself for using this method:
1. Every day for several days, spend time in a quiet room.
2. Focus your attention on the tip of your index finger – if you're right-handed, use your left index finger, and if you're left-handed, use your right one.
3. Visualize in your mind that the tip of your finger is like an antenna for receiving psychic energy. Imagine it becoming hyper sensitive to the energy of your surroundings.
4. Be clear in your mind that your index finger is for receiving vibrations, not sending them out, because you don't want to accidentally zap someone with your focused energy.
5. Point it at different objects in the room, and try to sense their energy through your finger.
How To Calibrate Your Finger
After a few minutes of doing this, you will need to calibrate your finger:
1. First, point your index finger at nothing in particular, and hold it steady for a few moments, and then start moving it up and down. Affirm in youe mind that this up and down movement means "yes." Keep practicing this until you feel comfortable associating this finger movement with a "yes" answer.
2. Next, point your finger steadily forward again, and move it from side to side, allowing yourself to accept that this means "no." Repeat this until you feel comfortable knowing that this is a "no" answer!
3. Now, point your finger steadily forward again but this time move it in a circular finger movement. Program your mind to know that this means "uncertain."
Now, practice asking yes or no questions that you know the answer to. For example, point your finger at the lamp and ask yourself, "Is the lamp turned on?", etc. See if you can get a response.
You will need to practice this exercise several times a day, whenever possible. Don't fret if you don't get a response right away. It takes lots of practice and patience.
Once you're confident of your ability at getting answers using finger dowsing, you are ready to use this technique to answer your question about your partner.
How To Finger Dowse
- Before you meet your partner, spend some time meditating. You need to clear your mind of negative emotions, and be as relaxed as possible.
- As you meditate, focus your mind on this person. Try to see him or her objectively – as a person. Imperfect, yet perfect in his or her own right.
- After a while, form the question you want to ask. Remember, it has to be answerable by yes or no, and it needs to be objective so your personal emotions won't influence the outcome.
- Ask your question several times inside your mind. Then let it go.
- Relax your mind for another few minutes, then slowly bring yourself out of your meditative state.
Finger Dowsing is really simple to do!
1. Look for an opportunity where you can discreetly use your finger dowsing. You can do it under the table, or while you're watching a movie. Just make sure that you do it discreetly, since no one enjoys being pointed at.
2. Point your finger discreetly at your partner.
3. Ask your question inside your head.
4. Wait for your finger to give you an answer.
Now, remember, if you get an answer you don't particularly like, it's not good manners to start a fight or storm out. It's always best to talk it over, and settle the score.
If you want to know if someone is faithful, or confirm what you suspect, during a psychic reading I can give you the right advice and show you how to handle this situation! You can schedule a psychic reading with me by clicking here now!


++Mind vs Body in programming Is Dualism the future of programming? I like the RubyLanguage. Yet, I feel strange with the motto "In Ruby everything is an object". On the contrary I believe it is useful to pretend that some "things" are Objects and some other "things" are Values. Maybe I am not a Materialist. Let me explain. + Objects vs Values What is the difference between an Object and a Value? It's like the difference between material things and immaterial ideas. Objects must live in some body/place/container, whereas Values can live in multiple "minds" simultaneously. ++ Objects As I first read in a Grady Booch book a long long time ago, an Object has 3 main characteristics: # an *Identity*. A unique /identifier/ that makes it possible to "reference" a specific unique Object # a *State*, that can be represented using a *Value*. That state/value may or may not change over time # a *Behavior*, that defines how the Object will react when some "method" is invoked. Often the behavior depends on the "class" of the object (the "class" is part of the value). ++ Values Example of values include so called /primitive/ values like integers and floating point numbers, strings, dates. Some languages extend the notion to tables, lists, records, etc. But the notion of *value semantics* goes deeper, it relates to the idea that a value is an "in extenso" description of something (whereas a an object is that something itself). Values exist the way ideas exists, not the way a physical thing exist. Values are... # are *immutable*. They cannot change, they cannot "mutate". That means that the Value's value never changes! If string "ABC" is a value, then "ABD" is a different value. There is no way "ABC" can turn into "ABD". # are intrinsically *unique*. Integer 3 "exists" once only, there are no two integers 3, there never will. Values are neither created nor destroyed, they simply are, always have been and always will be. # are *self-identified*. Ie. the Value's identity is the Value itself. ++ An over simplification? Because Object Oriented languages use objects to represent values, they kind of hide the difference between Objects and Values. Everything becomes an Object. This is presented as an advantage. It is some kind of an "unification", a beautiful simplication. Well... really? Maybe it is an over simplification. I am asking because some of these languages later reintroduce the notion of "value semantics". Sometimes there are two "equality" operators. One for identity equality (are two object identifiers referencing the same object?). Another one for Value equality (are two objects representing the same value?). Some other times there will be a String class for example, and a MutableString class (or a StringBuffer/StringBuilder class maybe). As a result Values become second class citizen. They become a special case among all objects, the Immutable Object case. So, yes one can represent a value using an object, but the ideal/immaterial essence of the value gets lost. Why does this matter? + Only Values are multi-core friendly We are entering a time where parallel processing is becoming increasingly necessary to improve performances. That is why the distinction between Values and Objects is relevant. Values are friendly in a distributed non shared environment: # Values are light and fast. Values are naturaly cacheable. A value's computerized representation can be copied as much as one wants, there will never be a need to synchonize the copies. As a result accessing values is local, hence fast. # Mutable Objects are heavy and slow. Objects need a "home". That is the place where the object is stored. The place is not ubiquitous, it hosts the true and only Object. If there exists local cached proxies, they must be kept in synch with each others somehow, and this is costly. Functional programming, like in ErlangLanguage for example, is a nice thing. But pure functional programming, with no side effects, with only immutable values instead, is... a brutal paradigm shift, at best. Are we going to forget about Object Oriented Programming? I don't think so. ++ The Fertile Paradox of OO Languages Some languages have both "by value" and "by reference" parameter passing schemes. But "Pure" object oriented languages are expected to provide only one mechanism: a "by reference" parameter passing, where references are object identifiers. The difference between "by value" and "by reference" becomes of paramount importance when the caller and the callee live in two different address spaces, maybe on two different computers. Cannotical Object Oriented languages have only "by reference". But, but, at some implementation level they actually pass Values: Object Identifiers. ++ Object Identifiers are Values! That passed Value is the /id/ of an object, a /reference/ to it. That's an added level of indirection. Call it an Oid, a Pointer, call it a Reference, at the end it is a kind of Value (hence immutable, unique, self identified). But these languages deny the existence of such values, claiming that "everything is an object". Maybe "everything is an object" but then what is the reference to an object? Is it an object or a value? That is where there is a paradox: If everything is an object, then what kind of object is a "reference to an object"? The truth is that not everything is an object, because references to objects are not objects, they are Values. ++ Nice consequence As a consequence, a language claiming "In xxxx everything is an object" seems extreme to me. I want something in between, where there are Objects and Values, with a clear understanding about what these two species of data have to offer. That request is legitimate, because Values are not second class citizen. I bet I am not alone. Future languages will provide native support for Objects /and/ Values. Some possibilities include: * *Thing Oriented Programming* would be the Top. In such a programming orientation, Value is the norm and Object the exception, versus the opposite in Object Oriented Programming. * A *Value* base class and mixin. To make it super easy to create objects with value semantics. * An *value* method. It would freeze forever the value of an object, so that further processing can optimize things and treat the object as if it were a value, an immaterial idea versus an material thing. It is the _TAG_ Ruby method. There even exists an evil _TAG_ * A *incarn* method. That would create a *new* mutable object from an idealized value. Is it the _TAG_ Ruby method? * A *value?* method. That tells apart objects from values. Like Ruby _TAG_? maybe? Maybe, probably, some languages already offer these possibilites. I get to find them. ----- Ressources: * B. J. MacLennan. "Values and Objects in Programming Languages." ACM SIGPLAN Notices 17, 12 (December 1982). Page 70-79. * Values in Object systems at Ubilab -- Explains why Values are good. * * * Mutable or immutable? in * Objects and Values – A conceptual model, by Bruno Jouhier ----- + Solution Implementing value semantics in object oriented languages can be tricky. * What does Barbara Liskov have to say about Equality in Java? by Reg Braithwaite * Equals and Hash Code for **Java**, by Manish Hatwalne * Navigating the equality maze of **Ruby**, by Paul Butcher * Reference and value semantics. Part of **C++** FAQ Lite, Marshall Cline ----- Read/add comments Category AboutProgramming, JavaScript Misc. I am getting old. I apparently wrote about this in 2004, _USER_ - _USER_ - _USER_ - a visitor - _USER_ -
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text:
Did ancient coffee houses lay the groundwork for modern consumerism?
If you think that your favourite coffee shop is a great gathering place for discussion, you should have been around in the Ottoman Empire starting in the 1550s. A new study in the Journal of Consumer Research examines the role of
coffee houses in the evolution of the consumer.
Authors Eminegül Karababa from the University of Exeter Business School and Güliz Ger of Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey have researched widely and deeply into the history of coffee houses in the early modern Ottoman Empire and found they offered their patrons a lot more than coffee.
They found that patrons engaged in gambling, taking drugs, meeting with "young beautiful boys," as well as performing or watching entertainments such as puppet theatres, storytellers, and musical and dance performances. The early coffee houses were controversial enterprises. "Formation, normalisation, and legalisation of such a site for transgressive pleasures was controversial since the formal religious morality of the period which was orthodox Islam considered it to be sinful and illegal. Thus, they were repeatedly banned by the state."
Yet, the coffee houses flourished, and by the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, Ottomans from all ranks of the society met to drink coffee, socialize, and have literary discussions. Coffee house discourse often challenged the authority of the state and religion and led to changes in the society. "Simultaneously, a new Ottoman consumer, resisting the prescriptions of the state and religion, actively constructing self-ethics, and taking part in the formation of the coffeehouse culture, was forming as well."
"Obviously, the early modern Ottoman context was very different than any modern capitalist system", the authors write. "But the active consumer may not be as recent or even a chronological phenomenon as many consumer researchers think."
Eminegül Karababa and Güliz Ger. "Early Modern Ottoman Coffeehouse Culture and the Formation of the Consumer Subject." Journal of Consumer Research: February 2011.
Date: 28 August 2010