World War 3: Safest destinations in the world to live amid heightened global tensions
WORLD WAR 3 could erupt at any point as tensions begin to rise in the east after North Korea decided to blow up its joint liaison office with South Korea near the border. And now, clashes at the border between China and India have also sparked fears of World War 3. Amid rising tensions and uncertainty, where are the safest countries in the world?
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World War 3: Vision 2020 outlines plans for 'full dominance'
North and South Korea appear to now be at loggerheads after the North renewed threats of military action against its southern counterpart. An explosion was heard earlier today and then smoke was seen rising from a town on the border between North and South Korea. A four-storey building was blown up, symbolising possibly the beginning of another feud between the two nations. Five Chinese soldiers and a further 11 were also injured today after violent clashes erupted at the China-India border.
Both India and China lost soldiers in the battle, which took place at Galwan Valley.
Reportedly, these are the first casualities in decades to result from violent clahes between China and India.
North Korea's People's Army (KPA) is reportedly preparing to send troops into the demilitarised zone between the two countries.
The move will "turn the front line into a fortress", despite it remaining demilitarised since 2018.
The Indian Army has also said that it is meeting with military officials on both sides to try and quell tensions.
As tensions erupt and more worrying news continues to hit the headlines, many are beginning to grow concerned that World War 3 could be triggered.
If an all-out war is sparked, where are the safest countries in the world to avoid tensions?
Here's a list of five of the world's safest countries to avoid World War 3.
READ MORE: Quarantine rule: Government to reevaluate rule
World War 3
World War 3: Safest destinations in the world amid North Korea vs South Korea tensions (Image: GETTY)
World War 3
World War 3: If an all-out war is sparked, where are the safest countries in the world? (Image: GETTY)
1) Iceland
Iceland has been the most peaceful country in the world since 2008, an impressive feat but not surprising considering its low crime and murder rate per capita.
But some of the main reasons the country is so safe might be surprising.
Unlike other nations, Icelanders don't have an army and the police do not carry guns.
There are also very strict driving regulations that mean Icelanders do not drive any faster than 55.9mph.
And surprisingly, the country is so safe that not even Iceland's president has a bodyguard.
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2) Singapore
Singapore is known for its cleanliness and for immediately shutting down travel amid the coronavirus pandemic.
The country also has one of the lowest crime rates in the world.
The reason for this is because if people do commit crimes, the penalties are more harsh compared to other parts of the world.
CCTV cameras are also abundant in nearly every corner, making it extremely safe.
World War 3
World War 3: The UK has plenty of nuclear bunkers (Image: GETTY)
3) Switzerland
Switzerland has multiple underground bunkers for its population, making it not only safe but potentially bomb-proof.
Back in 1963, every household was required to build an underground bunker.
The country hasn't fought a war in over two centuries and has remained famously "neutral" throughout some of the world's greatest conflicts.
World War 3
World War 3: Could Iceland be the safest place to go? (Image: GETTY)
4) UK
Although not the safest country in the world for crime or murder rates, the UK has a host of nuclear bunkers.
From Holborn in London to Aberlady in Scotland, the UK has plenty of nuclear bunkers that could protect citizens from a potential war.
A lot of the bunkers were built in preparation for the Cold War or are leftover from World War 2.
Some people even have Cold War bunkers in their back gardens.
Most peaceful countries in the world
Most peaceful countries in the world (Image: EXPRESS)
5) New Zealand
New Zealand is both safe and is now home to nuclear bunkers, according to Travel Base Online.
Reportedly, several billionaires have decided to buy homes in New Zealand complete with secret 150-tonne nuclear bunkers 13 feet below the ground.
A company, based in Texas called the Rising S Company, installs the massive underground vaults which come in at an eye-watering £8.9million.
But as well as nuclear bunkers, New Zealand's rates of violence are also very low compared to the rest of the world.


text:
You say sheet like "sheets", what's wrong with you
The one is wrong is your ear
thanks for correction. :)
Ku kira The Seat
What is the different of Sheets and Seats In the Spelling?
The sheet = seprai.
Bed sheet = seprei
In English we use sheet to mean bed sheet. Any other use of sheet requires clarification, sheet of paper, sheet of metal etc. If we just say sheet then we mean bed sheet.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Corundum brick's compressive strength at room temperature, flexural strength at room temperature, and high-temperature flexural strength at 1400°C. For the compressive strength at room temperature, the T100 of corundum bricks made of tabular corundum as the aggregate is as high as 147MPa, which is twice the T0 of the fused white corundum bricks made of fused white corundum. Similarly, the flexural strength of plate corundum bricks at room temperature and high temperature is also significantly higher. The strength of bricks made entirely of fused white corundum is not only related to the corundum aggregate itself but also related to the ceramic bond formed after the brick is fired. The Main Components of Different Corundum Bricks are the following.
The Physical and Chemical Properties and Advantages of Corundum Bricks
The alumina content of corundum brick is more than 90%, and it is a refractory product with corundum as the main crystal phase. High compressive strength at room temperature, up to 340MPa. High load softening start temperature, greater than 1700°C. Very good chemical stability, strong resistance to acidic or alkaline slag, metal, and glass liquid. Thermal shock stability is related to its organizational structure. Dense products have good corrosion resistance but poor thermal shock stability.
Let's summarize the advantages of corundum bricks:
- It has good sintering activity and can improve the density of corundum bricks.
- Corundum bricks of tabular corundum have high bulk density and low apparent porosity.
- It has high normal temperature compressive strength, normal temperature flexural strength, and high-temperature flexural strength.
- The best wear resistance.
- The corrosion resistance and permeability of coal gasifier slag and oil residue are better than pure fused white corundum bricks.
- As an aggregate, it can improve the thermal shock stability of corundum bricks.
The Main Components of Different Corundum Bricks
Because there are many refractory materials on the market, different corundum bricks are widely used. Because of its good use effect, it is used in a variety of high-temperature industrial furnaces. In fact, corundum brick is a refractory material with alumina content greater than 90%, and often containing trace impurity elements Cr, Ti, Fe, and V. Corundum bricks on the market can also be divided into the following concentrated types according to the composition.
- Brown corundum bricks are mainly made of bauxite and coke (anthracite). The main chemical composition is aluminum oxide, titanium oxide ring contains a small amount of silicon oxide and iron oxide. The microhardness is HV1800-2200, and the toughness is higher than SIC. Abrasive tools made of brown corundum are suitable for grinding metals with high tensile strength, such as various general steels, malleable cast iron, hard bronze, etc.; they can also be used to make brown corundum bricks, which are a kind of advanced refractory materials.
- High-alumina corundum bricks are made of high-quality bauxite as the main raw material, and sub-white corundum bricks are produced on the basis of high-quality brown corundum bricks. Its chemical composition and physical properties are similar to those of white corundum. Sub white corundum is produced on the basis of high-quality brown corundum. Because its chemical composition and physical properties are similar to white corundum, it is called sub-white corundum. Bulk density≥3.8g/cm2, refractoriness≥1850℃. The product has the hardness of white corundum bricks and the toughness of brown corundum bricks. It is an ideal high-grade refractory material and abrasive material.
- White corundum bricks are made by high-temperature smelting with alumina powder as raw material. It is white, slightly higher in hardness than brown corundum brick, and slightly lower in toughness. Made into abrasive tools suitable for the grinding of high carbon steel, high-speed steel, and quenched steel. White corundum can also be used for grinding and polishing materials, as well as precision casting sand, spraying materials, chemical catalysts, special ceramics, and advanced refractory materials.
- Zirconium corundum bricks are made by smelting alumina and zirconia as raw materials in an electric arc furnace at a high temperature above 2000°C. Tough texture, dense structure, and high strength. The main mineral phase of zirconium corundum is a eutectic formed by a-alumina and alumina-zirconia. In order to ensure the quality of zirconium corundum, in addition to a reasonable selection of parameters and technology, cooling technology and processing technology. Choosing appropriate additives to reduce the silicon oxide content in the zirconium corundum bricks, making the alumina and zirconia eutectic, and having a uniform structure is also the key to the production of zirconium corundum bricks.
Classification of Corundum Bricks
Different Corundum Bricks are divided into semi-recombined or directly combined corundum bricks and dense corundum bricks. Semi-recombined or directly combined corundum bricks are made from fused corundum (or sintered corundum) and sintered alumina fine powder. Aluminum sulfate or paper pulp waste liquid is the binding agent. After high-pressure forming, it is a corundum refractory product sintered at a high temperature of 1750~1800°C. Dense corundum bricks are made of light-burned alumina fine powder. Carboxymethyl cellulose or dextrin is the binding agent. It is a corundum refractory product made by artificial granulation, press molding, and sintering at a high temperature of 1750~1800°C. It has the characteristics of high Al2O3 content, extremely low apparent porosity, high strength, corrosion resistance, and strong erosion resistance. It is suitable for the lining of synthetic ammonia converter.
Different Corundum Bricks are also classified into light corundum bricks and heavy corundum bricks according to their bulk density. Corundum bricks with different bulk densities have different performances and require different physical and chemical indicators.
So, what is the chemical composition of fused cast zirconia corundum bricks?
Fused zirconium corundum brick is also called fused zirconium corundum, commonly known as white iron brick. An electrofusion cast refractory material mainly composed of oblique zircon and corundum. A mixture of zircon (or industrial zirconia) and alumina as the main raw materials are made by melting, casting, and annealing in an electric arc furnace. Its chemical composition is: Zr0230%~50%, Al20340%~50%, Si0210%~17%. The mineral composition is mainly corundum oblique zircon eutectic, with a small amount of oblique zircon, corundum, and glass phase. The bulk density is 3.25～3.70g/cm3, the apparent porosity is 0.5%～7%, the compressive strength is 200～500MPa, and the load softening point is 1720～1760℃. Mainly used in glass kilns.
Application Industries of Different Corundum Bricks
Finally, I would like to summarize which industries corundum bricks are suitable for. Corundum bricks have excellent corrosion resistance, wear resistance, high-temperature strength, load softening temperature, creep, and other thermodynamic properties. It is widely used as a lining material for cracking, reforming furnaces, metallurgical industries, slag gasifiers, coal gasifiers, carbon black reactors, pulp waste liquid gasifiers, and other industrial furnaces in petrochemical and fertilizer industries.
Rongsheng Corundum Brick Manufacturer
Rongsheng refractory material manufacturer is an experienced corundum brick refractory bricks for sale manufacturer and sales manufacturer. Rongsheng has advanced refractory brick production lines and experienced furnace refractory lining experts. And our technical team is also a technician with a wealth of refractory lining solutions. Our purpose in making refractories is to provide high-quality refractory lining materials for the refractory surface of kiln equipment, which has reached the maximum saving of energy, production costs, and economic benefits during the production and operation of kiln equipment. To purchase corundum refractory bricks, please contact us. We will provide you with services according to your specific needs.


text: This paper analyses immigrants' education-occupation mismatch as well as its impact on their wages in Spain. Using cross-sectional data from the National Immigrant Survey of Spain 2007, we estimate a probit model taking into account the possible problem of selection bias. We show that the incidence of immigrants' education-occupation mismatch in the Spanish labour market can largely be explained by the incidence of education-occupation mismatch in the last job held in the home country. The probability of having been over-educated at home shows to have a higher effect on the probability of being over-educated in the first job upon arrival where work experience gained in the home country shows to be highly valued by Spanish employers. In addition, our results show that those who were over-educated in their first job after arrival are more likely to continue in being overeducated in their current/last job in Spain. Furthermore, we analyse the performance of immigrants in Spain by estimating the wage penalty of over-education. Using log wage equation as well as predicted and counterfactual values distinguishing between immigrants being in the correctly matched occupation and those who are over-educated, we show that over-educated immigrants earn significantly lower wage compared to their correctly-matched counterparts, while over-educated immigrants' would have earned an even larger amount if the same individuals were employed in a correctly matched job instead. Significant differences are also apparent when restricting the models to the level of education.


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f:RdR≥0 is log-concave if log(f) is concave (and the domain of log(f) is convex).
Theorem: For all σ on the sphere Sd-1 and r∈R, gσ(r) := ∫σ.x=rf(x)dS(x) is a log-concave function of r. (Note: g, as a function of σ and r, is the Radon transform of f.)
Question: does this characterize log-concavity? That is, if gσ(r) is log-concave as a function of r for all σ, is f log-concave?
share|improve this question
2 Answers 2
up vote 4 down vote accepted
If I understand the question correctly, I think the answer is no.
Start with the following : if f is the indicator function of the unit ball, then the function g(r) is strictly log-concave close to 0 (this function does not depend on theta).
Now, let h be the indicator function of the ball of radius r<1. Then f-epsilon.h is never log-concave for any epsilon>0, and its Radon transform (which again is independent of theta) remains log-concave is epsilon is small enough.
(this is especially easy to see in dimension 2, in which case the Radon transforms of both f and h are second-degree polynomials on their support)
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Great! Such a simple example, too. – Darsh Ranjan Oct 23 '09 at 1:28
The following answer exploits a wider context, where non-negative functions $f$, viewed as densities of absolutely continuous measures $f(x)dx$, are replaced by non-negative measures $\mu$. Because a concave function unbounded from above is $\equiv+\infty$, a log-concave measure $\mu$ is naturally an absolutely continuous measure with log-concave density.
Therefore the Lebesgue measure over the $2$-dimensional sphere $S^2$ is not log-concave over ${\mathbb R}^3$. Nevertheless, its Radon transform in a direction $\sigma$ is $$g_\sigma=2\pi\chi_{(-1,1)},$$ which is log-concave for every $\sigma$.
share|improve this answer
I like this example a lot, since a uniform measure on a sphere is far from log-concave. (And apparently I had never computed its Radon transform.) – Darsh Ranjan Sep 15 '10 at 0:18
Your Answer


text:
Interior: Plants warrant federal protection
The federal government has declared two western Colorado wildflowers to be candidates for protection under the Endangered Species Act, conservation groups say.
Interior Secretary Ken Salazar determined the skiff milkvetch and Scholl's milkvetch warrant but can't be listed for protection because of higher priorities, WildEarth Guardians and the Center for Native Ecoystems said in a news release.
Colorado is the only state where the plants are found, the groups said. The skiff milkvetch, which gets its name from its boat-shaped fruits, occupies just 83 acres in Gunnison and Saguache counties. Schmoll's milkvetch has a total of four populations, and is found on mesa tops in Mesa Verde National Park and the Ute Mountain Ute reservation.
Drought, climate change and proliferation of cheatgrass, a nonnative species, are considered threats to both plants. Livestock grazing, development, and roads and trails are among other threats to the skiff milkvetch, the groups say.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
By Sola Ogundipe
A MENTAL health expert and representative of LifeLine International Continental, Prof Taiwo Lateef Sheikh, has called for renewed approach towards tackling the challenge of suicide in Nigeria and africa as a whole.
Sheikh, who spoke as Nigeria joined the rest of the world to mark the 2023 World Suicide Prevention Day, said,"There is no one-size-fits-all solution to this challenge. In Africa, attitudes towards suicide are deeply intertwined with cultural, traditional, and religious beliefs. We need to change these perceptions, address myths, and provide support to those in need. Our approach must align with our cultural values to create lasting impact.
"We support the establishment of frameworks for suicide prevention and evidence-based suicide prevention interventions within communities in partnership with local players, and campaign to change the law in countries where suicide remains a crime, and wherever other laws restrict access to life-saving help."
He observed that suicide remains a significant issue across the African continent, which is home to six of the 10 countries with the highest suicide rates in the world, but said with access to timely and available crisis support services,lives can be saved.
"As we mark World Suicide Prevention Day in 2023, under the theme "Creating hope through action", we believe that by talking about suicide, and by providing better access to evidence-based interventions, we have the power to change the misconceptions and beliefs about suicide, and prevent this tragic loss of life across Africa."
Sheikh said across Africa, insufficient public spending on mental health and suicide prevention is a major barrier for providing assistance, noting that the role of frontline organisations such as LifeLine International's Members is doubly important.
He regretted that mental health, including the risk of suicide, affects millions of people across Africa even as stigma and cultural misconceptions often compound these issues.
"Effective suicide prevention can only take place through a whole-of-society approach that involves the government, CSOs, and community leaders. Tackling suicide and creating environments where individuals feel supported – and comfortable enough to seek help – requires reshaping attitudes.
He called for commitment d to advocating for and supporting policy change, including in the most challenging environments where suicide remains a crime. Criminalisation is counterproductive, reinforcing stigma and creating barriers for individuals seeking help. It is an unnecessary measure that does not deter suicide.
According to the World Health Organisation, WHO, suicide is a major public health problem with far-reaching social, emotional and economic consequences.
"Creating Hope Through Action" is the triennial theme for the World Suicide Prevention Day from 2021-2023. The theme serves as a powerful call to action and reminder that there is an alternative to suicide and that through our actions we can encourage hope and strengthen prevention.
The post SUICIDE PREVENTION: We must change our perceptions, provide support — SHEIKH appeared first on Vanguard News.


text:
Dictionary Results for hollow|
1. hollow - noun
· a cavity or space in something; "hunger had caused the hollows in their cheeks"
Hypernym(s): cavity, enclosed_space
2. hollow - noun
· a small valley between mountains; "he built himself a cabin in a hollow high up in the Appalachians"
Hypernym(s): valley, vale
3. hollow - noun
· a depression hollowed out of solid matter
Hypernym(s): natural_depression, depression
4. hollow - verb
· remove the inner part or the core of; "the mining company wants to excavate the hillside"
Synonym(s): excavate, dig
Hypernym(s): remove, take, take_away, withdraw
5. hollow - verb
· remove the interior of; "hollow out a tree trunk"
Synonym(s): hollow_out, core_out
6. hollow - adjective
· not solid; having a space or gap or cavity; "a hollow wall"; "a hollow tree"; "hollow cheeks"; "his face became gaunter and more hollow with each year"
7. hollow - adjective
· as if echoing in a hollow space; "the hollow sound of footsteps in the empty ballroom"
8. hollow - adjective
· devoid of significance or force; "empty promises"; "a hollow victory"; "vacuous comments"
Synonym(s): empty, vacuous
9. hollow - adjective
· lacking in substance or character; "a hollow person"
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text:
Provided courtesy of Harrier.net
Hash House Harrier roots extend back to the old English schoolboy game of "Hares and Hounds," in which some players, called "hounds," chase others, called "hares," who have left a trail of paper scraps along their route across fields, hedges, streams, bogs, and hills. One of the earliest Hares and Hounds events on record was the "Crick Run" at Rugby School in Warwickshire, England, first held in 1837.
Hare and Hounds as an adult sport began in the fall of 1867 with a group of London oarsmen who wanted to keep fit during the winter. Also called "Paper Chasing" or the "Paper Chase," the game became very popular after its introduction on Wimbledon Common in 1868 by the Thames Hare and Hounds. Early clubs called themselves "Hare and Hounds" or simply "Harriers."
THE HASH IS BORN
The Hash House Harriers as we know it today was founded in Malaya (now Malaysia) by Albert Stephen Ignatius Gispert, an English chartered accountant. It was sometime during 1937 when Gispert (or simply "G" as he was known to his friends) acquired a taste for the paper chase with the Springgit Harriers in Malacca (also in Malaya). Shortly after being transferred by his accounting firm to Kuala Lumpur he gathered together a number of fellow expatriate businessmen to form a harrier group. The first run was held in in December 1938 and the founding members included Cecil H. Lee, Frederick "Horse" Thomson, Eric Galvin, H.M. Doig, and Ronald "Torch" Bennet.
The group's name came about primarily because local authorities required legal registration of the club. While the "Kuala Lumpur Harriers" would have appeared a logical choice, "G" decided instead to use the nickname for the Selangor Club where a number of the local harriers both lived and took their meals. It seems that due to its lackluster food, the dining room was commonly referred to as the "Hash House."
The philosophy of the original Hash House Harriers from the 1938 charter:
- To promote physical fitness among our members
- To get rid of weekend hangovers
- To acquire a good thirst and to satisfy it in beer
- To persuade the older members that they are not as old as they feel
Hashing in Kuala Lumpur was suspended during the World War II occupation by Japanese forces, but then reestablished after peace returned. It wasn't long before the hash began slowly spreading around the world. Former members of the original Hash House Harriers started a hash in 1947 near Milan, Italy, but it wasn't until 1962 that the next group was formed in Singapore. The Singapore Hash was gradually followed by others until in 1973 there were approximately 35 hashes in 14 countries.
Subsequently, the hash began spreading like wildfire and the number of hashes soon climbed into the hundreds by the early 1980s. Today (1999) there are some 1,700 active hashes in over 180 countries, including approximately 350 in the United States


text:
Stanley Park Playground at the Air India Memorial Site
The Air India Memorial playground commemorates those who perished in the 1985 Air India bombing. In respect to the 82 children that lost their lives aboard the flight, the old Ceperley playground was refurbished and provides a safe, fun, and carefree environment for children to grow.
"The children's playground symbolizes the innocence of those children who died in this tragedy. This place offers a beacon of hope to the children of today and the future," – Jayashree Thampi, who lost her husband and young daughter in the tragic attack


How to clean leather
Here are some tips on how to clean leather. First you need to identify which type of leather is to be cleaned. There are two types of leather you may find in your household. One is unfinished leather such as work boots and saddles and the other is finished leather such as furniture, luggage and clothing. Finished leather has had a protective layer applied to it so it requires less care.
 Cleaning leather can be a risky process, especially if you are not sure how to do it. Always test a small part of the leather you are cleaning before beginning the full process.
To clean finished leather:
1. Use a small amount of moisturizing soap on a damp cloth and bring it to a lather before applying to the leather. An example of a moisturizing soap is Dove.
2. Bring the damp cloth to the leather trying to keep as much water off the leather as possible.
3. Using a fresh, damp cloth, wipe away the lather. Never rinse the leather in water.
4. Finish by polishing the leather with a dry towel. Also, where possible, treat the leather using a leather conditioner after it is completely dry.
To clean unfinished leather:
1. With a damp cloth, rub saddle soap directly into the leather working the soap into a light lather.
2. Wipe away the lather with a clean, fresh cloth.
3. Allow to air dry
4. Lightly spread a leather preservative, such as mink oil, on the leather to finish and give a polished look.
For more help, try professional cleaning services
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What does the phrase "refrigeradores usados" mean?
Quick Answer
The Spanish phrase "refrigeradores usados" translated to "used refrigerators" in English. "Refrigeradores" is the plural term for "refrigerador," meaning refrigerator. "Usados" comes from the verb "usar," meaning "to use."
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Full Answer
"Refrigerador" is a masculine noun in Spanish, that can also be translated as "fridge" (United States English) and "icebox" (British English). The term can also be translated as "cooling system." In addition to meaning "to use" or "to utilize," the transitive verb "usar" can also mean "to wear." The past participle of "usar" is "usado," meaning "used" or "worn." An example sentence using the phrase "refrigeradores usados" is "Refrigeradores usados a la venta," meaning "used refrigerators for sale."
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text:
Tunnel-making, boring war machine
|Physical and technical specifications|
|Usage and history|
Groundborers were large machines used for creating tunnels manufactured by Akin-Dower. They were used to provide a quick shelter on dangerous worlds. A group of wealthy Naddists purchased several for use in the Freedon Nadd Uprising, where Warb Null attacked the city of Iziz on Onderon using modified versions of the Akin-Dower groundborers. After this attack, they were known as Onderonian War Machines.
- Tales of the Jedi Companion
- The Official Star Wars Fact File 113 (REV1, Naddist Revolt)
- The Complete Star Wars Encyclopedia


text:
Incremental Shuttle Walking Test
- The incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT) was developed to simulate a cardiopulmonary exercise test using a field walking test.
Note: The ISWT is available from Prof Sally Singh, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Glenfield Hospital NHS Trust, Groby Road, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK or email: visit: _URL_ for further information on how to access..
- The patient is required to walk around two cones set 9 metres apart (so the final track is 10 metres) in time to a set of auditory beeps played on a CD.
- Initially, the walking speed is very slow, but each minute the required walking speed progressively increases.
- The patient walks for as long as they can until they are either too breathless or can no longer keep up with the beeps, at which time the test ends.
- The number of shuttles is recorded. Each shuttle represents a distance of ten metres (i.e each time the patient reaches a cone is 1 shuttle).
- The results of the ISWT can be used to prescribe the intensity of walking training (see Exercise Training section).
Standardisation of the ISWT is very important for obtaining meaningful outcomes.
The ISWT must be measured on twice to account for a learning effect. Please note that:
- The best result is recorded.
- If the repeat test is performed on the same day, 30 minutes rest should be allowed between tests.
- Debilitated individuals may require tests to be performed on separate days, but aim for tests to be less than one week apart.
- Only standardised instructions from the CD should be used. In contrast to the six-minute walking test, no encouragement should be given throughout the ISWT.
- A comfortable ambient temperature and humidity should be maintained for all tests.
- The walking track must be the same for all tests for a patient:
- Cones are placed nine metres apart.
- The distance walked around the cones is 10 metres.
The equipment needed to conduct the ISWT is identified in the attached checklist.
Before the ISWT
- Instruct the patient to dress comfortably and to wear appropriate footwear.
- Any prescribed inhaled bronchodilator medication should be taken within one hour of testing or when the patient arrives for testing.
- The patient should rest for at least 15 minutes before beginning the ISWT.
- Blood pressure.
- Heart rate.
- Oxygen saturation.
- Dyspnoea score.*
* Note: Show the patient the dyspnoea scale (e.g Borg scale) and give standardised instructions on how to obtain a score.
During the ISWT
Follow the instructions on the CD, and use the following standard prompts:
Incremental shuttle walk test instructions6
The object of the progressive shuttle walking test is to walk as long as possible, there and back along the 10-metre course, keeping to the speed indicated by the bleeps on the audio recording. You will hear these bleeps at regular intervals. You should walk at a steady pace, aiming to turn around the cone at one end of the course when you hear the first bleep, and at the other end when you hear the next. At first, your walking speed will be very slow, but you will need to speed up at the end of each minute. Your aim should be to follow the set rhythm for as long as you can. Each single bleep signals the end of a shuttle and each triple bleep signals an increase in walking speed. You should stop walking only when you become too breathless to maintain the required speed or can no longer keep up with the set pace.
The test is maximal and progressive. In other words, it is easier at the start and harder at the end. The walking speed for the first minute is very slow. You have 20 seconds to complete each 10-metre shuttle, so don't go too fast. The test will start in 15 seconds, so get ready at the start now. Level one starts with a triple bleep after the 4-second countdown.
- Each minute, record heart rate, SpO2 % and dyspnoea as well as number of shuttle that is completed as on the ISWT recording sheet.
- Monitor the patient for untoward signs and symptoms.
Ending the ISWT
The ISWT ends if any one of the following occur:
- The patient is more than 0.5 m away from the cone when the beep sounds (allow one lap to catch up).
- The patient reports that they are too breathless to continue.
- The patient reaches 85% of predicted maximum heart rate (maximum heart rate = 210 – 0.65 x age)
- The patient exhibits any of the following signs and symptoms:
- Chest pain that is suspicious of / for angina.
- Evolving mental confusion or lack of coordination.
- Evolving light-headedness.
- Intolerable dyspnoea.
- Leg cramps or extreme leg muscle fatigue.
- Persistent SpO2 < 85%.
- Any other clinically warranted reason.
At the End of the ISWT
- Seat the patient or, if the patient prefers, allow to the patient to stand.
- Immediately record oxygen saturation (SpO2)%, heart rate and dyspnoea rating.
- Two minutes later, record SpO2% and heart rate to assess the recovery rate.
- Record the total number of shuttles.
- Record the reason for terminating the test. The patient can be asked:"What do you think stopped you from keeping up with the beeps?"
The patient should remain in a clinical area for at least 15 minutes following an uncomplicated test.
ISWT as an outcome measure
The change in the distance walked in the ISWT can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of an exercise training program and / or to track the change in exercise capacity over time.
The minimum important difference (i.e. improvement) in the distance walked is an n improvement of 47.5 metres in ISWT and indicates that patients with COPD are 'slightly better'.8


basura = garbage feminine noun
feminine noun
English Translation of BASURA
desechos : garbage, waste, refusehay mucha basura en la calle there's a lot of litter in the street tirar algo a la basura to put or throw something in the bin es una basura he's a shocker (familiar) la novela es una basura the novel is rubbish
Related to BASURA
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What made you want to look up basura? Please tell us where you read or heard it (including the quote, if possible).
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How 2 find cube root using excel
To get the cube root of a number, you can use the caret(^) operator with 1/3 as the exponent in a simple formula. In the example shown, the formula in C5 is. Open an Excel file; Let's find the square root of a number; Here the number is ; The formula is; Square root formula=POWER(E3,1/2). When we use the. How to find square, cube, and nth roots in Excel using exponents and functions in formulas, with a step by step example included.
The trick is to realize that finding the cube root is the same as raising a So you find a cube root of the number in cell A1 using a formula like. For a Microsoft Excel 97 and earlier version of this article, see This step -by-step article shows you how to find the nth root of a number. Hi Does anyone know how to perform the cube root function in excel? By the way I did do a search for cube root & got The best way to search for Excel issues is to download Ron de Bruin's add-in for searching newsgroup.
A2^(1/3) tbh_29 wrote: > Any one know how i can do cube roots on excel? i know square To get replies by our experts at nominal charges, follow this link to buy points and The lookup functions should have an optional argument for the return In addition to A1^(1/3) you can use =POWER(A1, 1/3). #2. Calculate SQUARE Root of a Number Using POWER Function Apart from the square root, we can use it to calculate cube root or any nth.
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Malaysia – Protecting The National Cuisine
The Malaysian Tourism Minister's statement that Malaysia intends to stake its claim on recipes synonymous with the country's identity, has sparked controversy among the public. Reaction is especially high in Singapore, where people dispute the origins of certain dishes Malaysia intends to claim.
The Minister later said that Malaysia has no intention to patent local food: "We have to claim ownership on some dishes but I never said we must patent them."
This summarizes the state of IP awareness in Malaysia – confusion and ignorance. The Minister intends to claim proprietary ownership of the recipes, but maintained that the ownership will not mean domination of the product.
However, she was right in saying that Malaysia has no intention to patent the food, as it is impossible to patent food, although the Malaysian Patents Act 1983 does not actually prohibit the registration of a patent of a recipe. With the amount of variation and combination possible to prepare a dish, it is unlikely that it can be patented successfully.
This raises the question: how do we protect a recipe?
Lawyers and food consultants commented that it would be difficult for any country to lay claim to a certain dish. Generic names such as "chicken rice" would be rejected by the patent office. It is possible to stake a claim to a dish by geographical indication (GI) – Hainan, for example, can stake a claim for Hainanese chicken rice as it originated there.
This, however, does not offer any protection at all for recipes. The rationale is the same as patents. The amount of variety available for a dish will make it impossible for one to pin-point exactly the description of a dish which would enable it to be used as a GI.
The most appropriate way to protect a recipe is by a trade mark. Trade marks are not new in the food business. Trade marks like Coca-Cola, McDonalds and Subway have in fact gained international recognition, resulting in an indirect dominance of the recipes that they provided. Brands like Kentucky Fried Chicken, The Manhattan Fish Market and Old Town White Café do indicate the uniqueness of the dishes they provided, and the successful registration of the trade marks has resulted in what the Minister actually wanted – ownership of the dishes.
In light of this, it would be interesting to see how Malaysia goes about branding these famous dishes.


The government and roles it plays in accident prevention in Kenya
The government and roles it plays in accident prevention in Kenya
As a driver, you need to ensure your car is in a safe state when it's on the road. You don't want to have an accident due to a faulty brake system or a defective steering wheel.
Road accidents in Kenya have been warring in the number of victims. It seems impossible to reduce these instances, as the numbers seem to increase.
The government plays a significant role in accident prevention in Kenya. It can impose rules and regulations that every driver can obey and lead to a reduction of road accident cases.
 1. The government fails to arrest corrupt police officers
Sometimes, you as a passenger see a police officer taking a bribe and fail to report that officer because of fear. You fear that you can get into trouble.
It can be because police officers seem to be associated with corruption, and reporting them can land you in trouble.
If the government fails to arrest corrupt police officers, drivers can break many road safety rules and regulations; this can increase the cases of road accidents.
 1. Un-maintained roads
Another major cause of road accidents in Kenya is improper or poorly maintained roads. It causes accidents to occur quickly. If a road has potholes, it's easy for a vehicle to get into them and cause its tires to burst and hence leading to an accident.
The government can help to reduce cases of road accidents by maintaining roads in good shape. It can ensure that roads have less or no potholes.
 1. Fewer road signs
Imagine driving on a path that has less or no road signs? Causing an accident is easy. If you approach a zebra crossing and there is no sign to show that, you can drive all along fast and cause an accident.
The government can try to put enough road signs on most roads to reduce instances of road accidents. If a road is steep, a warning should be placed to inform the driver that the way is steep and help him/her to adjust the speed.
 1. Imposition of rules and regulation
If there are fewer rules regarding road transport, there can be an increase in the instances of road accident. Rules make road transport safe. However, the imposition of those rules makes it more reliable.
The government though members of parliament can come up with rules that can lead to a reduction of accidents. It can impose such rules by using traffic police officers.
Your vehicle needs to be safe. People don't have to experience road accidents in Kenya. When everyone takes the initiative to ensure they follow road safety rules to the latter, road accident cases in Kenya can reduce.
We educate the public on road safety tips and security. Our products and services have earned us international recognition. Contact us today to get our vehicle speed limiters and fleet management devices.
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Definition of mid-parent in English:
Pronunciation /ˈmɪdˌpɛːrənt/ /ˈmɪdˌpɛːr(ə)nt/
Anthropology Genetics
 - Originally: a hypothetical parent of composite sex whose height is the average of the actual height of the father, and the height of the mother multiplied by the ratio of male to female height in the population. Later: a notional individual having the value of some property or trait equal to the average of the value of each parent.
Late 19th century; earliest use found in Francis Galton (1822–1911), biostatistician, human geneticist, and eugenicist. From mid + parent.


YouTuber Makes a Folding Bike and Now So Can You
The video shows steps by step instructions to making a folding bike that are surprisingly easy to follow.
They say that necessity is the mother of invention and such is the case for Laura Kampf, a YouTuber that found herself unable to travel on a train in Germany due to having her bike with her. Kampf did some further research and discovered that you can take a bike with you on a train if it is folded.
She then decided to make her own folding bike. How did this YouTuber make such a bike from a regular bike? With a lot of creativity and some heavy duty tools.
First, she used chain saws to cut the bike in two. Then, using parts of a bike chain, she connected two rectangular pieces of metals.
She used those two pieces to connect the two parts of the bike together in a way that they can actually fold. How ingenious! She even installed some locks to keep the bike perfectly in place when it is put on bike mode.
The end result is a folding bike that can be carried anywhere as a folded accessory. Watch the video to see this incredible transformation. Do you think you can make your own folded bike?
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The Trigger Fish gets it's name from the small fin on the top of its head.
The Trigger Fish can lock this fin into place with a "trigger" which then has to be released before the fin can be lowered. This means that the Trigger Fish can wedge itself into holes and prevent itself from being removed by predators.
These fish mainly feed on crabs and shellfish and can grow up to 60cm. You're most likely to find them among reefs in the East Atlantic and Mediterranean.
Things to Do
- Watch out for his "Trigger" in action
- The females like to dig a hole and hide their eggs at the bottom of the sea, can you spot any here?
- How many different colours can you see?
- Got any specific questions you would like answering? Ask our Animal Care Team!


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Changing the Minimum quantity message
Putting short notes or messages on the check out that will serve as a reminder or a heads up to the customer is a smart move. This short note is called in-cart message. This will be helpful to the customers since they will be aware of other good offers they are qualified to avail.
The Wholesale Hero app allows you to edit the in-cart messaging to encourage customers to add more products or to display required minimum values for wholesale discounts to be applied.
In this article, we are going to modify the texts on the Minimum quantity message, one of the in-cart messages. This message appears on the cart page when the quantity of the items inside the cart does not meet the minimum requirement as shown below:
To change this message, follow the steps below:
Step1. Launch the app and click Settings from the navigation panel.
Step2. Scroll down to the Language Settings section.
Step3. Edit the Minimum quantity message by entering the texts in the given field.
Step4. Click Save.
The Minimum quantity message texts are now modified.
Here's a quick demo:
Changing the style of the messaging
If you would like to change the style of the messaging, the CSS for this is located in your theme.liquid file. Please note that basic CSS and HTML is required for this step.


How Does Rotating Log Grapple Works Out & What Are Its Advantages?
Many of us would love to talk about tech and its working behind, right? So, we will be talking today about the rotating log grapple working which is an equipment of a heavy machinery such as crane. Now, there is much kind of cranes as we all know but we shall not be discussing about these cranes and will be more focusing onto the grapple which can be affixed in almost every kind of cranes. So, in bit older time we have only unidirectional grapple which can only move upside down or downside up with an interlocking mechanism and if we want to rotate it so it was not possible due to which we have to move the crane instead, quite difficult and painful but now it is very easy with rotating log grapple. Actually, what happens is that when we are working with logs so it is quite long and to hold it is not a problem but when it comes to rotate it for several reason so that was not possible easily.
In an addition, rotating log grapple makes a lot easiness in such kind of work and especially when it is about long materials and good like log. This is why this specific grapple called as rotating log grapple. Let us see its advantages in following bulleted points and its explanation. For more information about rotating grab please click here.
 1. Affixing rotation log grapple in a crane
This is a preliminary step to install or attach the rotating log grapple in your crane so that you can be able to use it wisely.
 1. Connect Gears with rotating log grapple
If you need an extra control and advance features than you may needed to connect additional gears to it for extended support. Like, when you wanted to rotate it without dropping the log so it will hold and moves simultaneously as much as you want. The best part is that it can balance it from an edge, it is not necessary to rotate it from the middle.
 1. Horizontal and Vertical rotation
With the help of hydraulics rotating log grapple, you can also rotate it like clock and anti-clock wise. For an example you wanted to rotate the log in vertical direction so you can do that also if you wanted to rotate the log horizontally so yes that is also possible.
There are many other benefits of rotating log grapples and also you can customized your own grapple according to your requirement. If you are looking for rotating log grapple and also if you interested in hydraulic grapple for sale, rotating multi grappleand demolition grab than the best and the first choice is "Earth master Grapples". For more details, you can visit their online and an official website at


SAP Knowledge Base Article - Public
_PHONE_ - You Are Not Able to Change the Tax Amount in an Invoice
You are not able to change the Tax Amount in an Invoice.
SAP Business ByDesign
Reproducing the Issue
 1. Go to the Customer Invoicing work center.
 2. Select the Invoice Requests view.
 3. Select the respective Invoice Request and click on the Invoice button.
 4. In the New Invoice navigate to the Pricing tab.
 5. You can see that the Tax Amount cannot be changed.
It is not possible to maintain only a total tax amount for the entire customer invoice.
The total tax amount at the document level of the invoices is calculated aggregately i.e. by adding up individual item level tax amounts (calculated depending upon the tax rate, tax type, and tax rate type) and then rounding off that sum to relevant decimal places (as per that currency).
Tax rates are fixed to the selected tax codes which are then used to calculate the tax. The tax amount cannot be changed manually as it is calculated by the system.
 You can adjust tax codes that are determined in order to receive a different tax rate, depending on country specific requirements. However a manual change of the tax amount within the document is not possible.
This is the expected system behavior.
See Also
Blog: Rules of Tax Difference Distribution in SAP Business ByDesign
Tax Amount; Change; Manually, KBA, SRD-CRM-INV, Customer Invoicing, Problem
SAP Business ByDesign all versions


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Methods | Statistics | Clinical | Educational | Industrial | Professional items | World psychology |
The Impulsive/Premeditated Aggression Scale (IPAS) is a 30-item self-report questionnaire. Half of the items describe impulsive aggression and half the items describe premeditated aggression. Aggressive behavior has traditionally been classified into two distinct subtypes, impulsive or premeditated. Impulsive aggression is defined as a hair-trigger aggressive response to provocation with loss of behavioral control. Premeditated aggression is defined as a planned or conscious aggressive act, not spontaneous or related to an agitated state. The IPAS is designed to characterize aggressive behavior as predominately impulsive or predominately premeditated in nature. Those subjects who clustered on the impulsive factor showed a broad range of emotional and cognitive impairments; those who clustered on the premeditated factor showed a greater inclination for aggression and antisocial behavior.
|This page uses Creative Commons Licensed content from Wikipedia (view authors).|


NEWTON — As courthouses and city halls close, there is a logistical problem that arises for governmental boards — just how does the county commission or city council meet?
And, just as important, how do its members host a public meeting and comply with the Kansas Open Meetings Act?
Guidance from the Kansas Department of Health and Environment, and an executive order from Gov. Laura Kelly, limits the number of people in one place at one time to 10. Social distancing guidelines ask those people to stay at least 6 feet apart.
According to Kansas Attorney General Derek Schmidt, the Kansas Open Meetings Act requires public bodies to be "open to the public." Ordinarily, that requirement is met by allowing members of the public to enter the room where the meeting is taking place so they can listen and observe.
The answer to the problem of public governmental guidelines is popping up in meeting notices and agendas. Now appearing are internet links for video conferencing and phone numbers for voice conferences.
For some area government bodies, this is nothing really new. The McPherson City Commission has posted video of its meetings to YouTube, while the Newton USD 373 board of education started streaming live to Facebook on its own earlier this year.
The Harvey County Commission hosted its first online stream this week, making use of the service Zoom to provide video and telephone access. The commission met in the basement of the courthouse as the meeting was streamed.
Under new guidelines issued by the state, each entity will notify the public of the internet location of the meeting during the meeting notification process.
The attorney general's office has proposed formal rules for state and local governments to ensure their meetings remain open to the public during "social distancing" emergency restrictions on gathering in person. Basically, those new rules require for broadcast of the meeting, preferably with video, on either television of the internet or by audio by telephone conferencing.
"During a time of declared emergency when lives are disrupted, many people are apprehensive, and rumors can run rampant, the importance of ensuring openness and transparency in the government decision-making process is even greater than usual," Schmidt said. "An important way for public bodies to provide reassurance is to go the extra mile to ensure their actions are transparent during the time of emergency.
"This new guidance will help state and local government bodies throughout Kansas operate transparently even when the public cannot gather in person for meetings."


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Yes! Chewing gum reduces the time to the first flatus (first time passing gas) after an abdominal surgery and it decreases the time to the first bowel movement. Gum has helped these two actions occur sooner so that the patient can go home from the hospital 1/2 day sooner!
After abdominal surgery the intestines often feel "messed with"– kind of like when you were a kid and you poked an earthworm. After being manipulated, the bowel (and the earthworm) do not move like they are supposed to. This medical term is called a postoperative ileus. Postoperative ileus is common and may lead to prolonged hospitalization because no doctor will send you home without passing gas and having a bowel movement after abdominal surgery. Chewing gum may stimulate the cephalo-vagal system and intestinal motility while encouraging the flow of pancreatic juices and saliva.
This outcome of earlier flatus and bowel movement was most pronounced in patients with colorectal surgery and least pronounced in patients undergoing cesarean delivery. Some studies also showed less nausea and vomiting among those who chewed gum.
I hope this helps.


Creative Thinking for Individuals and Teams: An Essay on Creative Thinking for Military Professionals
Discusses the role of creativity in the military within the context of type, focusing on the fact that STJ (the dominant type in the military) tend towards efficient problem solving, while NTP (not so dominant) tend towards creative problem solving. Argues that the army would benefit from encouraging a more creative culture, leading to higher adaptivity and more successful problem solving. Also examines military leadership styles.


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Monitor CPU Usage of All Running Processes - Part I
November 2, 2005
This article illustrates how to monitor CPU usage on different running process on one machine and on multiple machines. In many organizations, the SQL Server Database administrator and System administrators have the responsibility of trouble shooting and identifying the cause of high CPU usage during certain periods in a day on a machine.
This article demonstrates how to keep track of the CPU load history on each running process that is running on a machine. This article also discusses how to find new processes that are being run and any old process that are being killed, etc.
This article uses "Win32_PerfFormattedData_PerfProc_Process" WMI class to get the information from the performance counters of a machine.
Method 1 illustrates how to query all the running process and their CPU usage on the local machine.
a. Machine and the login used should be capable of accessing Windows management instrumentation.
b. Operating System on that machine should be above windows 2000.
a. Create the Folder C:\monitorprocess. [Refer Fig 1.0]
b. Create the file C:\monitorprocess\ListProcess.vbs and copy and paste the below code. [Refer Fig 1.1]. Download the code from listprocess.VBS_
Click for larger image
'Objective: To Find the CPU usage of each running process that are running on the local machine 'Created by : MAK 'Created Date: Oct 27, 2005 strComputer ="." Set objWMIService = GetObject("winmgmts:\\" > strComputer > "\root\cimv2") Set colProcess = objWMIService.ExecQuery("Select * from Win32_PerfFormattedData_PerfProc_Process",,48) wscript.echo "Computer Name",> "," > "Process Name" > ","> "CPU Usage" For Each objItem in colProcess if objItem.Name <> "Idle" and objItem.Name <> "_Total" then wscript.echo strcomputer > "," > objItem.Name > ","> objItem.PercentProcessorTime end if Next
c. Execute the listprocess.vbs code using the command below. [Refer Fig 1.2]
When this VBScript is executed, it displays all the processes that are running on a current machine and their CPU usage. [Refer Fig 1.3]
Computer Name,Process Name,CPU Usage.,System, 0.,smss, 0.,csrss, 0.,winlogon, 0.,services, 0.,lsass, 0.,svchost, 0.,svchost, 0.,svchost, 0.,svchost, 0.,spoolsv, 0.,residentAgent, 0.,cpqalert, 0.,DWRCS, 0.,pmsvc, 0.,LocalSch, 0.,tmcsvc, 0.,LCRMS, 0.,FrameworkService, 0.,Mcshield, 0.,VsTskMgr, 0.,mdm, 0.,mgabg, 0.,tcpsvcs, 0.,snmp, 0.,Win32sl, 0.,wuser32, 0.,cpqdmi, 0.,naPrdMgr, 0.,SoftMon, 0.,explorer, 0.,chkadmin, 0.,UpdaterUI, 0.,shstat, 0.,ctfmon, 0.,svchost, 0.,notepad, 0.,notepad, 0.,notepad, 0
d. The output can be stored to a CSV file by executing the command below. [Refer Fig 1.4]
C:\monitorprocess>cscript/nologo Listprocess.vbs > LocalProcess.csv
When executed, it is stored in a CSV format file that can be opened and viewed using MS-EXCEL. [Refer Fig 1.5]


Life in Caldwell in 1837-41, The Cleveland Years – Quiz
Life in Caldwell in 1837-41, The Cleveland Years
 1. How many people lived in Caldwell in 1840?
 2. 2000 b. 1436 c. 988 d. 250 e. 486
 1. Who else lived in Caldwell?
 2. Dutch Americans b. native Americans c. black Americans d. German Americans e. Irish Americans f. Asian Americans g. Hispanic Americans f Hawaiian Americans
 1. Who else lived in Caldwell?
 2. rabbits b. bears c. raccoons d. deer e. mountain lions f. foxes g. rats h. groundhogs i. squirrels j. moles k. bats, l. muskrats, m. minks n. opossums o. porcupines
 1. Where were stray domesticated animals kept until their owners picked them up?
 1. Each mature sheep today gives us about 30 lbs. Of wool. How many lbs did they give Caldwell farmers the 1830-40's?
 1. Why did Caldwell farmers and drovers like oxen so much?
 1. Grover's home in the old manse lacked which features?
 2. running water b. central heating c. electricity d. bathroom and toilet e. stove f. refrigerator g. washing machine h. screens i.telephone j. vacuum cleaner k. kerosene lamp.
 1. Which local social services did Caldwell have in 1840?
 2. police force b. fire department c. militia d. bank e. poor house f. hospital g. library h. board of health i. mayor and council j. sewer plant l. public school system
 1. What is a tannery?
 2. beach club b. leather factory c. paint store d. tea salon e. bakery
 1. What diseases did Caldwell residents have vaccinations for?
 2. small pox b. measles c. Whooping cough d. diphtheria e. tuberculosis g. cholera g. typhoid
 3. fever h. influenza i. tetnus j. polio k. malaria l. German measles
Life in Caldwell in the 1830-40s The Answers!
 1. 250 people, Caldwell included then all the surrounding towns as well.
 1. Hawaiian Americans are not recorded and the last names in the census suggest they were not present.
 1. Mountain lion; the last one was killed on Roseland Avenue in 1832. Almost all the predatory animals were hunted out and killed by the farmers to protect their live stock.
 1. Stray domestic animals were kept on the Green, now the corner of Roseland and Bloomfield Avenue. Until the 1870s domestic animals were fenced out of farms and gardens and not fenced in to pastures and farms and ranches. Most animals came home to be milked and fed.
 1. About 9 lbs for a mature ram; modern animal husbandry began in the 18th century without understanding genetics, just careful examination and selection of characteristics. Sheep doubled in weight on average from 1740-1840s. Also, crop rotation with winter crops, allowing animals to graze and fertilize the fields but not let them lie fallow every third year, meant that there was food for the animals all winter long (and for people), so all the animals did not have to be slaughtered each fall and could grow bigger and heavier (and wooly).
 1. Oxen, unlike horses, have cloven feet. Cloven feet meant they could walk on rocky ground without splitting their hooves and had good traction. Have you ever tried to dig a hole in Caldwell? Oxen can also walk at a steady pace for longer distances pulling their loads. Oxen do not, however, back up and need a wide space to turn around.
 1. Grover's mom and servant had none of those aides. Stoves to burn wood for cooking were invented by Benj. Thompson in 1833; improved and produced in 1834 by Philo Stewart (the Oberlin Stove) but were expensive and not readily available until a decade later. Kerosene lamps became available after kerosene was discovered in the 1850s.
 1. None of those services except the militia. Caldwell was incorporated in 1892; before the services if they existed were provided by the county or the larger Caldwell.
 1. Tanneries were "factories" where animal skims were treated to produce leather. The Caldwells had many trees to provide the bark, animals their hides, and seasonal labor. Tanneries tan hides by soaking the flesh off with acids made from tree bark. They stank. Tanneries were not permitted in cities whenever possible, the beginning of public health laws.
 1. Only one, smallpox. That vaccination was achieved by giving a person a mild case of cow pox. Jenner, the early advocate for small pox vaccination, was born in 1749 and died in 1796. There was no knowledge of germs just what appeared to be a better protection from the disease among workers with cows. Any large gathering of people, without social distancing, makes spreading disease easier. For example, Washington almost lost the continental army to smallpox; he made the army be vaccinated while in Morristown. During the Civil War Lincoln caught smallpox; the Confederate army was plagued with malaria and the Union army with measles. They were all deadly diseases at that time. Smallpox is the only one now very rarely experienced.
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Starting with Windows XP, run-down protection is available to kernel-mode drivers. Drivers can use run-down protection to safely access objects in shared system memory that are created and deleted by another kernel-mode driver.
An object is said to be run down if all outstanding accesses of the object are finished and no new requests to access the object will be granted. For example, a shared object might need to be run down so that it can be deleted and replaced with a new object.
The driver that owns the shared object can enable other drivers to acquire and release run-down protection on the object. When run-down protection is in effect, a driver other than the owner can access the object without risk that the owner will delete the object before the access completes. Before the access starts, the accessing driver requests run-down protection on the object. For a long-lived object, this request is nearly always granted. After the access finishes, the accessing driver releases its previously acquired run-down protection on the object.
To start sharing an object, the driver that owns the object calls the ExInitializeRundownProtection routine to initialize run-down protection on the object. After this call, other drivers that access the object can acquire and release run-down protection on the object.
A driver that accesses the shared object calls the ExAcquireRundownProtection routine to request run-down protection on the object. After the access is finished, this driver calls the ExReleaseRundownProtection routine to release run-down protection on the object.
If the owning driver determines that the shared object must be deleted, this driver waits to delete the object until all outstanding accesses of the object are finished.
In preparation to delete the shared object, the owning driver calls the ExWaitForRundownProtectionRelease routine to wait for the object to run down. During this call, ExWaitForRundownProtectionRelease waits for all previously granted instances of run-down protection on the object to be released, but prevents new requests for run-down protection on the object from being granted. After the last protected access finishes and all instances of run-down protection are released, ExWaitForRundownProtectionRelease returns, and the owning driver can safely delete the object.
ExWaitForRundownProtectionRelease blocks the execution of the calling driver thread until all drivers that hold run-down protection on the shared object release this protection. To prevent ExWaitForRundownProtectionRelease from blocking execution for excessively long periods, drivers threads that access the shared object should avoid being suspended while they hold run-down protection on the object. For this reason, accessing drivers should call ExAcquireRundownProtection and ExReleaseRundownProtection within a critical region or guarded region, or while running at IRQL = APC_LEVEL.
Run-down protection is particularly useful for providing access to a shared object that is nearly always available but might occasionally need to be deleted and replaced. Drivers that access data or that call routines in this object must not try to access the object after it is deleted. Otherwise, these invalid accesses might cause unpredictable behavior, data corruption, or even system failure.
For example, an antivirus driver typically stays loaded in memory when the operating system is running. Occasionally, this driver might need to be unloaded and replaced with an updated release of the driver. Other drivers send I/O requests to the antivirus driver to access the data and routines in this driver. Before sending an I/O request, a kernel component, such as a file system filter manager, can acquire run-down protection to guard against premature unloading of the antivirus driver while it handles the I/O request. After the I/O request completes, run-down protection can be released.
Run-down protection does not serialize accesses to a shared object. If two or more accessing drivers can simultaneously hold run-down protection on an object, and accesses to the object must be serialized, some other mechanism, such as a mutual-exclusion lock, must be used to serialize the accesses.
An EX_RUNDOWN_REF structure tracks the status of run-down protection on a shared object. This structure is opaque to drivers. The system-supplied run-down protection routines use this structure to count the number of instances of run-down protection that are currently in effect on the object. These routines also use this structure to track whether the object is run down or is in the process of being run down.
To start sharing an object, the driver that owns the object calls ExInitializeRundownProtection to initialize the EX_RUNDOWN_REF structure associated with the object. After initialization, the owning driver can make this structure available to other drivers that require access to the object. The accessing drivers pass this structure as a parameter to the ExAcquireRundownProtection and ExReleaseRundownProtection calls that acquire and release run-down protection on the object. The owning driver passes this structure as a parameter to the ExWaitForRundownProtectionRelease call that waits for the object to run down so that it can be safely deleted.
Run-down protection is one of several ways to guarantee safe access to a shared object. Another approach is to use a mutual-exclusion software lock. If a driver requires access to an object that is currently locked by another driver, the first driver must wait for the second driver to release the lock. However, acquiring and releasing locks can become a performance bottleneck, and locks can consume large amounts of memory. If used incorrectly, locks might cause drivers that compete for the same shared objects to become deadlocked. Efforts to detect and avoid deadlocks typically require the diversion of substantial computing resources.
In contrast to locks, run-down protection has relatively lightweight processing time and memory requirements. A simple reference count is associated with the object to ensure that deletion of the object is deferred until all outstanding accesses of the object are completed. With this approach, atomic, interlocked hardware instructions can be used instead of mutual-exclusion software locks to guarantee safe access to an object. Calls to acquire and release run-down protection are typically very fast. The benefits of using a lightweight mechanism, such as run-down protection, can be significant for a shared object that has a long life and is shared among many drivers.
Several other run-down protection routines are available, in addition to those that were mentioned previously. These additional routines might used by some drivers.
The ExRundownCompleted routine updates the EX_RUNDOWN_REF structure to indicate that the run down of the associated object has completed.
The ExAcquireRundownProtectionEx and ExReleaseRundownProtectionEx routines are similar to ExAcquireRundownProtection and ExReleaseRundownProtection. These four routines increment or decrement the count of the instances of run-down protection that are in effect on a shared object. Whereas ExAcquireRundownProtection and ExReleaseRundownProtection increment and decrement this count by one, ExAcquireRundownProtectionEx and ExReleaseRundownProtectionEx increment and decrement the count by arbitrary amounts.


text:
Referring to the divisor definition of Webster [link to that definition] suppose that we start with a divisor so large that no party gets a seat. Then let's start lowering the divisor so that parties will begin getting seats. As we keep lowering the divisor, more parties will get seats, more seats will be awarded. The object is to lower the divisor till (if 100 seats are desired) 100 seats are awarded.
So start with a divisor so large that no party gets a seat. As we lower the divisor, some party will get the 1st seat. Which party? This depends on which party can get a seat with the largest divisor. When every party has 0 seats, we want a party to qualify for 1 seat instead of 0. This means that, when we divide its votes by the divisor, we want to get.5, since that can be rounded off to 1 instead of 0.
For a particular party, what divisor, when divided into its votes, will give us.5? Find out by dividing.5 into that party's votes. This will tell you what divisor will round that party up to 1. So we do this for each party, dividing its votes by.5 The party with the largest result of that division is the party which will be the 1st one rounded up as the divisor is lowered. It gets the 1st seat.
We keep doing this: Say a party has 1 seat. It qualifies for 2 seats if dividing its votes by the divisor results in 1.5 What divisor, divided into its votes, will result in 1.5? We find out by dividing 1.5 into its votes.
So, in general: Divide each party's votes by.5 more than its current number of seats. We can call this division result that party's "score". The party with largest score gets the next seat. Then we again divide each party's votes by.5 more than its current number of seats, to determine which party gets the next seat, etc.
To clarify where it comes from, I've written that wordily. Here's a briefly stated electoral law for this systematic procedure for Webster:
All parties initially have 0 seats. Repeatedly, each party's votes are divided by.5 more than its current number of seats, and the party with largest division-result receives the next seat. This procedure is repeated till the desired number of seats has been awarded. The advantage of this systematic procedure rule is that it avoids the trial-&-error that would be needed to carry out Webster's method, directly from Webster's definition. The countries using Sainte-Lague must have felt that this is important, because they use a systematic procedure.
Actually, though, the systematic procedure that they use differs slightly from the above one: If you double all those numbers ending in.5, by which you divide the parties' votes, you get odd numbers. _That_ is the version of the Webster systematic procedure that is actually used in Sainte-Lague countries. It's the procedure that's given in books, under the name "Sainte-Lague".
The reason, most likely, why Sainte-Lague, as used, uses odd numbers instead of the numbers ending in.5, is that, in pre-computer days, doubling those numbers ending in.5, to get odd numbers, would reduce the number of digits, and get rid of fractions, which would make a non-computerized calculation easier.
But the way I worded it before makes for a much briefer & clearer wording. The odd-numbers procedure could be worded:
"Repeatedly, each party's votes are divided by the odd number equal to one more than twice that party's current number of seats, and the party with the highest division result gets the next seat. This is repeated till the desired number of seats have been awarded"
Obviously a more complicted wording.
The _World Atlas of Elecions_, available in most university libraries, refers to the above procedure as "pure Sainte-Lague". Another version of this is referred to in that book as "Modified Sainte-Lague". Modified Sainte-Lague has a provision to make it more difficult for a small partyk to get its 1st seat. Though some proportionalists are proposing pure Sainte-Lague, no one is proposing modified Sainte-Lague. But it's worth mentioning because some of the Sainte-Lague countries use it:
Where pure Sainte-Lague (odd numbers procedure), when a party has 0 seats, would divide that party's votes by the 1st odd number, 1, modified Sainte-Lague instead divides by 1.4, just to make it more difficult to get a 1st seat, in order to discourage small parties.
But if one isn't using a computer, that can amount to a lot of work, actually using that procedure. There's a quicker way for doing a systematic procedure without a computer:
You'd start as in the quota definition of Webster: If there are 100 seats to be allocated, then the 1st quota is 1/100 of the total vote. So you determine how many votes this quota is, and divide it into each party's votes, to determine how many quotas it has.
If, when you round each party to the nearest whole number and give it that number of seats, let's say this only awards 99 seats:
We have to award one more seat, so we simply do what we did before: Divide each party's votes by.5 more than its current number of seats to find out which party would be the 1st to round up if we were to begin lowering the quota. We give the 100th seat to the party with largest division-result.
Of course it we instead had 98 as the initial number of seats, instead of 99, we'd simply have to repeat the procedure, as described before.
But what if the initial quota awards 101 seats. Then we have to find out which party should lose a seat. An argument analogous to the previous one, this time involving raising the quota until a party loses a seat, leads to the following: Divide each party's votes by.5 less than its current number of seats. The party with lowest division-result is the one that loses a seat.
Why this is--if a party has 3 seats, we want to find out what divior or quota it would take to round it down to 2. So we want to find out what divisor, when divided into that party's votes, would give 2.5 And we find that out by dividing 2.5 into the party's votes. The 1st party to lose a seat as we raise the divisor will be the one with the lowest result of dividing its votes by.5 less than its current number of seats.
This is just essentially the same as the previous arguments, except that it's about finding out who should lose a seat, when the initial quota has awarded too many.
I emphasize that all these procedures (Websters definition, *The systematic procedure starting with 0 seats, dividing by numbers ending in.5 * The systematic procedure dividing by odd numbers, with all parties initially having 0 seats * The systematic procedure I've just described)--All these procedures give the same identical seat allocation.
It may be that a sytematic procdeure makes for a better electoral law, but Webster's definition, either his divisor definition, or the quota definition, is the one that is based directly on the principle of putting each party's seats as close as possible to what is called-for by a common ratio between seats & votes.
Most books on PR give, for Sainte-Lague, the odd numbers formula, without any word on where it comes from, leaving the impression that Sainte-Lague is an arbitrary unexplained procedure. I've approached Sainte-Lague from principle, deriving the systematic procedures from the definition based on principle.
An argument analogous to the ones used above leads to the following
systematic procedure for Jefferson's method:
All parties initially have 0 seats. Repeatedly divide each party's
by 1 more than its current number of seats, and give the next seat
to the party with the largest division-result. Repeat this till
the desired number of seats has been awarded.
All parties initially have 0 seats. Repeatedly divide each party's by 1 more than its current number of seats, and give the next seat to the party with the largest division-result. Repeat this till the desired number of seats has been awarded.
The reason why it's "1 more than the current number of seats, instead of ".5 more than the current number of seats" is that with Jefferson there's no such thing as rounding up, and so to for a party with 2 seats to qualify instead for 3 seats, the result of dividing its votes by the common divisor has to actually equal 3. But the argument leading to the above systematic procedure for Jefferson's method is the same as that for Webster, except for that one difference in rounding.
As I said, this systematic procedure for Jefferson's method is called "d'Hondt". Most countries use it in the form I've written, although it has also been used in an implementation similar to the quicker systematic procedure I described for Webster, for when a computer isn't being used. In that implementation, the parties aren't started with 0 seats, but rather a 1st quota is used, to get an initial result closer to the desired result. The country that was doing this is no longer using d'Hondt, and (as of 1995) it may be that no country is using this quick implementation.


text:
Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and diagnostic utility of lung perfused blood volume (LPBV) images generated by dual-energy computed tomography (CT), as compared with pulmonary perfusion scintigraphy, for patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension.
Methods: Patients (n = 51) with chronic pulmonary thromboembolic embolism were examined by dual-source CT in dual-energy mode. Lung perfused blood volume images were generated by analysis of the iodine content of the lung parenchyma using dual-energy data. Pulmonary perfusion defects were evaluated on a segment-by-segment basis in images obtained by both LPBV and pulmonary scintigraphy. Findings suggestive of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension in CT pulmonary angiography were analyzed.
Results: All examinations were acquired without complications, and the contrast enhancement of the pulmonary artery was sufficient for diagnosis of vascular thromboses. In the LPBV images, in 76 (8.3%) of 918 segments, it was difficult to assess perfusion because of artifacts. The agreement between the 2 modalities was good (κ = 0.70). The sensitivity of LPBV in detecting perfusion defects was 96%; the specificity was 76%; the positive predictive value was 94%, and the negative predictive value was 29%.
Conclusions: Lung perfused blood volume imaging by dual-energy CT is feasible for the evaluation of pulmonary perfusion and is comparable to pulmonary scintigraphy. It is possible to evaluate vessels and pulmonary perfusion with CT pulmonary angiography and LPBV images and to assess pulmonary perfusion more definitively in diagnosing chronic pulmonary thromboembolic embolism.
From the *Department of Radiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center; †Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka; ‡Department of Radiology, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata; and §Research and Collaboration, Siemens Japan, Tokyo, Japan.
Received for publication April 5, 2011; accepted May 17, 2011.
Reprints: Tetsuro Nakazawa, MD, 5-7-1 Fujishirodai, Suita city, Osaka _PHONE_, Japan (e-mail: _EMAIL_).
The authors report no conflicts of interest.


The data protection keyword is one of the most essential things on FriendsBASE, but it is not necessary.
You have to type a keyword BEFORE start typing your data (friends, telephone numbers etc.). Only in that way will be encrypted correctly. Notice that if you forget the keyword there is no way to recover your valuable data.
In order to create a keyword you just type into (1) a word or a number that contain up to 8 characters.
To ensure that the keyword is ok just click (2).
NOTICE that you have to type your keyword correctly when FriendsBASE asks for it, when it starts, else you cannot even start FriendsBASE.


text:
Integrated service networks: the Quebec case.
|Title||Integrated service networks: the Quebec case.|
|Publication Type||Journal Article|
|Year of Publication||2006|
|Journal||Health Serv Manage Res|
|Date Published||2006 Aug|
In the current context of health-care reform, integrated service networks are presented as main solutions to enhance efficiency. During the past few years, there has been an abundance of literature focusing on integration and the underlying implementation issues. However, the concept of integrated service networks remains fluid, and there are few typologies on health-care inter-organizational relations. The Quebec health-care system offers fertile ground for furthering our understanding of this concept because of its public system of funding, its integration of health and social missions, and the present reform's state of development. On the basis of a review of the literature and empirical studies, this article intends to clarify the concept of integrated service networks. A typology of inter-organizational relations and the main parameters for organizing integrated service networks are presented. The article also discusses the effectiveness of integration models.
|Alternate Journal||Health Serv Manage Res|


text:
I have a project that requires more than 200 damage cases with some cases being coppies of the other one with one compartment les for example. Is there a way to duplicate existing cases or create them in txt or excell and import into Maxsurf to speed up the process?
Yes - there are definitely ways you can simplify this process and take some of the manual work out of it.
There are three main solutions that you could do here:
1) All of the tables in MAXSURF can be copied and pasted into Excel and back again. So one method would be to create your 200 damage cases
- Ctrl-A in the Damage Case window, if you select multiple columns you can add multiple cases at once
- You can copy the Damage Cases Table out to Excel. Shift-Ctrl-C will copy the table with headers.
- In Excel you can use formulas etc to manipulate and create all of your damage combinations
- Use Copy Paste to bring the table back into MAXSURF
2) Use the MAXSURF COM interface to talk directly between Excel VBA and MAXSURF. For a problem like this, I would use the Extents of damage capabilities and over create damage cases, then search and remove duplicates.
- Take a look at the Automation Samples in the install folder (C:\Program Files\Bentley\Offshore\MAXSURF CONNECT Edition V23\Automation Samples) and the Automation manual in Modeler (Help | MAXSURF Modeler Automation Help) to learn about using COM.
- If you have troubles getting started with COM, take a look at MAXSURF Automation COM Troubleshooting - MAXSURF | MOSES | SACS - Wiki - MAXSURF | MOSES | SACS - Bentley Communities
3) The Probabilistic Stability in MAXSURF Ultimate can automatically create all of the damage combinations you require. You will need to set up the regions on the vessel (zones, bulkheads and decks). Once you have the cases you want in the probabilistic damage, you can copy them across to Deterministic Cases using Cases | Copy Prob Dam Cases.My question back to you, is how do you intend to manage and present this many cases to Class? Do you have 200 damage cases x 10 intact cases? If you are dealing with 2000 cases, then you're going to have to be thoughtful about how you will manage the results that you generate.
Thank you. I think using Excel method we cannot copy the Extend of Damage assiged to each case. Correct?
There are 3 intact Load Cases. In total, including intermediate flooding, there will be about 340 damage cases. Still a lot!


text:
What are the benefits and possible issues of different evidence staging methodologies.
The two primary methodologies for staging (storing) evidence are to either keep all evidence, for all projects, together in a location separate from the project/case folders, or to store the evidence for each project within their respective project's folders. Users should weigh the pros and cons of these methodologies to help in forming their Standard Operating Procedures. Regardless of the selected process, project folders and evidence should be stored in a location that is always accessible by the software, and should not be moved.
Storing Evidence Separately from Project Folders
- All evidence is in a central location.
- Users do not need direct access to the project folders.
- The same evidence can be easily used in multiple projects.
- Case backups made from DBConfig or FTK are smaller as they do not contain the evidence.
- Evidence is not deleted when a project is deleted (may also be a "Con" depending on the user's other SOP requirements).
- Evidence may need to be moved separately when restoring cases to new environments.
Storing Evidence Within Project Folders
- Evidence is located with the projects that they pertain to, which may lead to it being easier to find.
- Case backups made from DBConfig or FTK contain the evidence, simplifying restoring the backups to other environments.
- Users need full access to project folders.
- Finding/storing evidence may lead to accidental manipulation of project folder data.
- Multiple projects utilizing the same evidence may result in duplicate copies of the evidence.
- Case backups made from DBConfig or FTK are much bigger.
- Deleting a project also deletes its associated evidence (may also be a "Pro" depending on the user's other SOP requirements).
- Project folder storage may run out of space faster, resulting in processing issues.


Create a ticket
Q100175: Setting up Auto-Save functionality in MODO
This article explains how MODO's auto-save functionality works and how you can configure the behaviour. This is a useful feature to prevent you from losing too much work if MODO crashes before you save a project.
Auto-Saves are triggered at set time-intervals, but only if a change has been made in the scene. The file location, time-interval, and number of revisions are all configurable.
How to setup auto-save functionality
You can enable and change the settings of the auto-save within MODO's preferences:
 1. Launch MODO and then open the Preferences.
 - On OSX this can be found under the "modo" menu
 - On Windows and Linux the Preferences are under the System menu
 2. In the Preferences window, navigate to Defaults > Auto-Save
 3. Here you will find the following settings:
 - Enable - Turns auto-saving on
 - Time Interval (mins) - sets the time between auto-saves
 - Backup Directory - where the auto-save files are stored
 - Number of Revisions - how many different auto-save files MODO will make for each file
MODO will make auto-saves for each file you work on, meaning auto-saves from a different file won't override saves from another. If you haven't saved the file at all then the autosave will be called "Untitled.lxo"
 - If 'Number of Revisions' is set to 1 then autosave filename will match the original scene file
 where 'filename' is your scene name
 - If the revisions are set to more than 1, it will add a number to the start of the filename:
 NOTE: The most recent auto-save will have the highest number at the start of the file
How to load auto-saves after a crash
If MODO crashes, then the next time you launch MODO it will prompt you to ask if you wish to load the most recent save or auto-save (it will choose the most recent).
Alternatively, you can manually load an auto-save from the Backup Directory location.
If you encounter any issues performing the steps outlined in this article, then please open a Support ticket and let us know the issue you are encountering and the troubleshooting steps you have taken so far.
For more information on how to do this, please see the following article: Q1000064: How to raise a support ticket.
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Ice Melting Kit
 - Beschrijving
De truuk op tv bij Uri Geller!
A striking demonstration. Place an ice cube on each of these two identical looking black blocks at room temperature. One ice cube instantly begins to melt and is totally gone in about 90 seconds. The other ice cube shows no evidence of melting whatsoever. Great for showing the difference in heat conductivity in different materials. This demo is simple enough for elementary students, yet of just as much interest to high school students and educators. Set of two blocks.


text:
After modeling, elevations are not yet presentable. Lines will appear between walls and floors, and grade lines may not appear at the elevations. There are other ways to resolve the appearance of elevations, but please consider the following suggestions:
- If you are using an exterior cladding, make sure your floor sketch lines are on the outside line of the cladding, not the core.
- Paint the edge of the floor with the same material as your exterior cladding and then join the floors to the walls. Do not join and then paint, as your lines won't disappear. (If you did this, you can sometimes work around it by joining the walls above and below the floor together, and hitting ok when it warns that the objects do not touch one another.)
- Elevations looks best with the silhouetting turned on. Go into advance model graphics, and override the silhouette lines to Wide Lines.
- If you don't like some of the lines silhouetting, you can override them with the linework tool and the setting.
- Make sure your pad (which carves out a hole for your building in the terrain) is drawn to the outside of your cladding. This will ensure that a grade line appears on your elevations.


text:
Among the priorities of the Galen Cole Family Foundation, the first and foremost priority is to maintain the Cole Land Transportation Museum, which houses a collection of Maine's land transportation history, along with associated equipment, artifacts, and displays from which this and future generations may gain a lasting appreciation of the early pioneers of the state.
The Galen Cole Family Foundation also seeks to help the people of Maine by whatever means to attain their potential as human beings, members of society, and citizens. Of primary importance to the Foundation is lifting the aspirations of children, particularly those from financially distressed families.
The Cole Foundation currently offers support to:
- Scholarships at UMaine, Husson and EMCC
- The University of Maine Reading Recovery Program
- Literacy Volunteers of Bangor
- Bangor YMCA Youth camps and athletics
- Bangor Adult Education
- Good Shepard Backpack food program
- Girl Scouts of Maine
- Bangor Boys and Girls Club
- Local youth athletics


text:
Nobody knows for sure exactly why the rocks ring like bells when struck with a hammer is a mystery. The rocks do contain a significant amount of iron, which might be part of the explanation. However, the high iron content doesn't explain two other strange qualities that the rocks possess... Not all of the rocks ring when struck, and they don't ring when they are removed from the site, suggesting that the ringing has something to do with the way the rocks lay against one another. Larger flat ones seem to produce an especially impressive sound when struck.
Compared to the neighbors.
The Ringing Rocks are very small part (160 acres) of a mountainous region called the Boulder Batholith, which encompasses a large portion of southwestern Montana. Batholiths originate when magma cools slowly beneath the surface to form granite.
Edited by zoser, 04 February 2013 - 07:53 PM.


a warm mist, cool mist, or evaporative humidifier for parrots?
There are three types of humidifiers:
 - Warm Mist
 - Ultrasonic/Cool Mist
 - Evaporative
There are pros and cons to each humidifier type.
For example, in cases where your living space is already properly heated and you aren't bothered by cleaning the unit, a cool mist humidifier will do.
In other cases where you want to distribute some heat along with moisture, a warm mist humidifier will be better.
For our lovely pet birds, a warm mist humidifier is likely to be more helpful!
Warm mist humidifiers excel at dispersing heat, which can help parrots sensitive to bacteria, because they produce a sterile mist.
best humidifier for parrots
Cool mist humidifiers also tend to be noisier than warm mist humidifiers or evaporators because they use a fan to disperse the moisture.
TTLIFE's Warm And Cool mist Humidifier delivers sterilized air!
Some parrot owners prefer warm over cold mist humidifiers, because cool mist units run a higher risk of aspergillosis developing (a fungal disease caused by the spores of the common mold).
As cool mist humidifiers lack a way to sterilize the water, there will eventually be a mold overgrowth inside the water tank if not properly maintained.
Therefore, look for a warm mist humidifier for your parrot first, then a cool mist one, and only then for an evaporative humidifier.
c) Importance of cleaning
A higher humidity makes the spores and other microorganisms stick to any nearby surface, neutralizing them.
However, without cleaning, mold can start growing and be dispersed through the air.
All bacteria and fungi thrive in moist conditions. As soon as you run your humidifier for parrots, you should plan on how to get it cleaned.
best humidifier for parrots
BeCalmingHaven / Amazon
This can lead to aspergillosis or some other infections for parrots causing them to be lethargic, lose their appetite, and have trouble breathing.
Hence, be sure to regularly clean your humidifier.
It also helps if you're already using an AC unit that filters air, and if you can use filtered water too, you'll minimize the amount of cleaning needed!
d) Where to position the unit
Humidifiers for parrots should be positioned in such a way to counteract the effects of dry air, which is most commonly caused by the heating unit.
For example, if you use a furnace for heating, consider getting a whole-house humidifier that attaches to the furnace.:"They're actually not that much more expensive than a nice free-standing unit, and it definitely does a much better job of maintaining a constant and even level of humidity."
Always keeps in mind, when installing your humidifier, to keep an eye out for your feathered friend's behavior and adjust to it.
We've seen parrots attacking humidifiers; which ranged from temperature issues to the parrot being bored and just wanting attention.
e) Using essential oils/ chemicals/fragrances
Essential oils/chemicals/fragrances in the humidifier can irritate the parrot's sensitive airways but can also help it feel right at home.
In the wild, parrots are exposed to essential oils, chemicals and fragrances all the time.
Drug store brands are typically harmful for parrots but vets use medical-grade ones for parrots to good effect.
Hence, the best way to use essential oils with parrots is through an ultrasonic humidifier.
best humidifier for parrots
What harms our birds are actually the toxins found in low-quality products we commonly use.
Start with a few drops and gradually increase the amount if the parrot doesn't react negatively.
Bottom Line - What is the Best Humidifier for Parrots?
We adopt parrots and consider them family members. They bring us immense joy and companionship unlike anything else!
Based on what we've learned so far about parrots and humidity, they can have trouble in an environment that feels perfectly fine to humans, and have no way of expressing it.
Best Humidifier for Parrots
Thankfully, they are helped greatly by warm mist humidifiers.
The main difficulty in finding a solid warm mist humidifier is that they often don't have enough capacity and lack features, meaning you have to constantly oversee them.
Well, the TTLIFE Ultrasonic Humidifier is one that does the job best for your parrot.
Don't ignore the early warning signs of low humidity but also don't overreact.
Even if you decide that TTLIFE Ultrasonic isn't the best humidifier for your parrot, now you know the fundamentals of what helps and what harms parrots regarding humidity.
Find a simple, affordable and convenient solution that can help your feathered buddy in a pinch! Trust me, you'll both be happier in no time.


Why the London Government Pays the Queen An Axe, a Knife, 6 Horseshoes and 61 Nails Every Year
Every October at the Royal Courts of Justice in London, a bizarre ritual is carried out. That's when an axe, a knife, six horseshoes and precisely 61 nails are given to the Queen's treasurer as taxes on two pieces of property that came into the crown's possession in 1211 and 1235. The two parcels have been part of the crown's holdings for so long that no one knows exactly where they are. The tax rate on them, however, hasn't changed for centuries. One piece of property, known simply as The Moors, is quite far from London in Shropshire, England. Rent for this is a knife and an axe. The second piece of property is near the Royal Courts of Justice in London. The rent on this property was and still is six horseshoes and 61 nails. The yearly ceremony is rarely reported upon and not heavily attended by the public. Still, it's a centuries-old ceremony that has been in place for English monarchs.