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23 Jun Conducting Clinical Studies in Romania and Bulgaria
Conducting clinical Studies in Romania and Bulgaria
Why Romania and Bulgaria?
Population (potential patient pool)
According to Eurostat there are 20,1 million inhabitants in Romania and 7.28 million inhabitants in Bulgaria, Taken together, 5.3% of total EU population, Romania being ranked the 7th largest country within the EU in terms of number of inhabitants
Both Romania and Bulgaria have adopted and fully implemented the EU Clinical Trials Directives. It takes 2 months to obtain regulatory and EC approval in these two countries, the regulatory environment being one of the principal reasons behind the important figures of completed and active studies in both countries in 2015 (figure1).
There is an abundance of high quality investigational sites in Romania and Bulgaria because of the high number of teaching hospitals, university clinics and postgraduate medical schools. There are 17 medical university schools in Romania and 5 medical schools in Bulgaria, while the number of university clinics stands at 39 units in Romania and 15 in Bulgaria, with similar infrastructure and diagnostic capabilities compared to western standards. More practitioners are employed by teaching hospitals and university clinics compared to Western Europe. GCP guidelines are fully implemented, and GCP training of the investigators is compulsorily required by the regulatory authorities. The overall quality of work delivered by investigational sites is very high and comparable to Western Europe and the US.
High recruitment rate:
Recruitment performance is consistently high throughout the region and this is maintained by many factors:
- A large heterogeneous patient population
- A wide availability of naive patients
- Shortage of available therapy
- The insufficient availability of preventive medicine
- Patient willingness to participate in clinical trials sponsored by Western companies
- Availability of multi-specialty medical institutions with highly educated medical personnel. Investigators are motivated to take part in clinical trials and perform well, as they largely acknowledge that co-operating with Western companies in scientific research is a sign of academic distinction, merit, and prestige,
Logistics and communication:
Our synergic operations covering Romania and Bulgaria facilitates your access to highly specialised & fully trained ICH-GCP investigators that have a vast experience in running clinical trials.The site staff (English-speaking investigators in a dense network of healthcare facilities) makes a great deal of efforts to ensure the studies are run according to the protocol and in line with local and international regulations. The guidance provided by CRO's and sponsors is largely accepted and there is a refreshing willingness to learn and improve practice.
Both the monitoring and investigator fees of a clinical trial in Romania and Bulgaria are significantly lower than those in Western Europe (Figure 2).
The monitoring costs are probably 50 – 70 % higher in Western Europe, while the investigator & hospital fees levels have remained relatively lower compared to Western demands. Moreover, additional accountable costs, such as travel, accommodation and postage are also considerably lower.


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Exercise chair, England, _PHONE_
Made from mahogany and leather and measuring just over 2 m high, this exercise chair was said to offer the equivalent of riding a horse. Known in the 1800s as a chamber horse, the user sat on the seat and bounced up and down on the concertina springs as if trotting on a horse. Horse riding was considered a form of healthy exercise. Judging by the materials and its size, the chair was probably owned by someone who was wealthy.
Related Themes and Topics
There are 823 related objects. View all related objects
Glossary: exercise chair
used to simulate the trotting of a horse, also known as a chamber horse

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


7.15.2020 - Improved Assessment Workflow for Helpers
We have a feature called Seeker Context that allows Helpers to navigate on behalf of specific Seekers. When in Seeker Context, the main benefit to the Helper is that all referral forms are autofilled with the Seeker's information. This saves them time and decreases the likelihood of creating a duplicate profile.
After an Assessment is submitted, we show programs that can help meet any needs that were identified so that Seekers can be connected. Those search results are specific to the Seeker so it makes sense that Helpers would be put into Seeker Context following an Assessment, so that they can easily make referrals for the Seeker. Now, when a Helper fills out an Assessment for a Seeker, they will be put into Seeker Context when viewing search results (Highlighted Search and Program Recommendation Summary).
Additionally, in the Forms section of the Seeker Profile, Helpers can view search results generated by past Assessments to make additional referrals. Now, when Helpers click "See Search" they will also be put into Seeker Context so that they can easily make referrals to those programs.
With these changes, it becomes even easier to make referrals and connect your Seekers to the programs they need!
Please sign in to leave a comment.


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Prediction Of Sugar Yield From Sugar Cane Using Process Modeling
A study was undertaken to developed a model that will be used to predict sugar and the by-products from sugar cane. The model developed from MATLAB was used to predict the sugar, bagasse, filter cake and molasses yield from sugar cane. The predicted values from the model were compared to yield data obtained from the production of sugar cane from the Savannah Sugar Company, Numan, Nigeria for 90 days. The analysis gof variance (ANOVA) at p ≤ 0.01 was used to determine if there were significant difference in the yield predicted by the model and the measured factory yield. The F-LSD at p ≤ 0.01 was used to separate the means. The model is validated where there was no significant difference between its predicted yield and the factory-obtained yield. The sugar cane input of 2,150.52 MT was obtained from the Savannah Sugar factory. The corresponding imbibitions water pumped into the mixed juice was 673.12 MT. The predicted sugar, bagasse, molasses and filter cake yield using the MATLAB model was 279.5MT (13%), 1,049.46MT(48%), 111.828MT(5.2%) and 101.1MT(4.7%) respectively. The ANOVA showed that there was no significant difference between the MATLAB model and the factory-based model. It is concluded that the ANOVA validated MATLAB model for sugar yield prediction. Consequently, this model is recommended for use in predicting sugar and by-products yields from sugar cane. Statistical analysis using the F-LSD showed that the model satisfied such an invariant confidence in the model, and provided support for its validity.


Work calendar
The fields "Time in status", "Timer" and "Stopwatch", as well as JQL functions are able to count the time according to working calendars. Calendars take into account working hours and user time zone. That allows you to coordinate the time between users from different regions.
For example, the timers and stopwatches will display the dates of the continuation of work, taking into account the user's working calendar and timezone.
 1. Open application "Stopwatch field":
 - Open from "Manage your app":
 - Or from "Apps" menu::
 2. Open "Calendars" and click "Create":
 3. Enter the data in the calendar settings fields.
 1. You can specify an arbitrary time. Set in time field "21:35" (example). Click on time field and start typing "time" as "7:00" or "19:30".
 2. then click "Create"
 4. Time zones - Calendar time calculations occur in the specified time zone. However, displays take into account the user's time zone.
 5. If the data are not correct, an error will appear when saving.
 6. Adding Breaks. To add breaks during working hours, do the following.
 1. Create a break at "Add break time intervals". Set start and end times and click "Add".
 2. When there are breaks in the calendar for selection, then the working day has a field for selecting breaks.
 3. Then you can set default calendar breaks. The default break time can be selected in the working day.
 4. Set up work breaks for work days. Choose a default break or set one or more time intervals. Intervals must not overlap.
 7. Start date time - All calculations will be carried out from this date. The time before this date is considered non-working. For example: project start date.
Feature Difference (Server/Data Center and Cloud)
Timer - How to create field?
JiBrok message field Message field
JiBrok time in status Time in status | SLA | Timer | Stopwatch
Work calendars
Time in status
Timers and Stopwatches
Additional functions
Issue panels
Field Helpers
Other fields
Reference information
JiBrok time in status Time in status (Cloud)
Work calendars
Time in status fields
Issue panels
Service tools
Reference information
JiBrok Calculated fields Calculated fields (JBCF)
JiBrok Calculated fields Calculated fields (JBCF) for Cloud
JBCF fields
Service tools
JiBrok Timer Timer for Cloud
Work calendars
Timer fields
Service tools
JiBrok Stopwatch Stopwatch for Cloud
Work calendars
Stopwatch fields
Service tools


>Create a new file create-symlinkCreate a symlink modifyChange an existing file or symlink delete-fileDelete a file ... $user_id expansion is also available for branch access control. Here the user can create, modify, and delete files in a per-user directory:anyone create-file,modify,delete-file ^$user_id/.*$ User IDsYou might be wondering how user identifiers work. Git supports GPG-signed push requests with git push --signed. We can use the GPG key ID as the user identifier, eliminating the need for centralized user accounts. Remember that the GPG key ID is based on the public key. Key pairs are randomly generated and it is improbable that the same key will be generated by two different users. That said, GPG key ID uniqueness has been weak in the past when the default size was 32 bits. Git explicitly enables long 64-bit GPG key IDs but I wonder if collisions could be a problem. Maybe an ID with more bits based on the public key should be used instead, but for now let's assume the GPG key ID is unique. The downside of this approach is that user IDs are not human-friendly. Git apps can allow the user to assign aliases to avoid displaying raw user IDs. Doing this automatically either requires an external ID issuer like confirming email address ownership, which is tedious for new users, or by storing a registry of usernames in the git repo, which means a first-come-first-server policy for username allocation and possible conflicts when merging from two repositories that don't share history. Due to these challenges I think it makes sense to use raw GPG key IDs at the data storage level and make them prettier at the user interface level. The GPG key ID approach works well for desktop clients but not for web clients. The web application (even if implemently on the client side) would need access to the private key so it can push to the git repository. Users should not trust remotely hosted web applications with their private keys. Maybe there is a standard Web API that can help but I'm not aware one. More thought is needed here. The pre-receive git hook checks that signature verification passed and has access to the GPG key ID in the GIT_PUSH_CERT_KEY environment variable. Then the access control policy can be checked. Access control is a git appAccess control is the first and most fundamental git app. The access control policies that were described above are stored as files in the apps/access-control branch in the repository. Pushes to that branch are also subject to access control checks. Here is the branch's initial layout:branches/ - access control policies for branches owner.confgroups/ - group definitions (see below)...refs/ - access control policies for refs owner.conf The default branches/owner.conf access control policy is as follows:owner create-file,create-directory,modify,delete ^.*$ The default refs/owner.conf access control policy is as follows:owner create-branch,create-tag,fast-foward,force,delete ^.*$ This gives the owner the ability to push refs and modify branches as they wish. The owner can grant other users access by pushing additional access control policy files or changing exsting files on the apps/access-control branch. Each access control policy file in refs/ or branches/ is processed in turn. If no access control rule matches the operation then the entire git push is rejected. Groups can be defined to alias one or more user identifiers. This avoids duplicating access control rules when more than one user should have the same access. There are two automatic groups: owner contains just the user who owns the git repository and anyone is the group of all users. This completes the description of the access control app. Now let's look at how other functionality is built on top of this. The merge requests appA merge requests app can be built on top of this model. The refs access control policy is as follows:# The data branch contains the titles, comments, etcanyone modify ^apps/merge-reqs/data$# Each merge request revision is pushed as a tag in a per-user namespaceanyone create-tag ^apps/merge-reqs/$user_id/[0-9]+-v[0-9]+$ The branch access control policy is:# Merge requests are per-user and numberedanyone create-directory ^merge-reqs/$user_id/[0-9]+$# Title stringanyone create-file,modify ^merge-reqs/$user_id/[0-9]+/title$# Labels (open, needs-review, etc) work like this:## merge-reqs/<user-id>/<merge-req-num>/labels/# needs-review -> /labels/needs-review#...# labels/# needs-review/# <user-id>/# <merge-req-num> -> /merge-reqs/<user-id>/<merge-req-num>#...#...#...## This directory and symlink layout makes it possible to enumerate labels for a# given merge request and to enumerate merge requests for a given label.## Both the merge request author and maintainers can add/remove labels to/from a# merge request.anyone create-directory ^merge-reqs/[^/]+/[0-9]+/labels$anyone create-symlink,delete ^merge-reqs/$user_id/[0-9]+/labels/.*$maintainers create-symlink,delete ^merge-reqs/[^/]+/[0-9]+/labels/.*$maintainers create-directory ^labels/[^/]+$anyone create-symlink,delete ^labels/[^/]+/$user_id/[0-9]+$maintainers create-symlink,delete ^labels/[^/]+/[^/]+/[0-9]+$# Comments are stored as individual files in per-user directories. Each file# contains a timestamp and the contents of the comment. The timestamp can be# used to sort comments chronologically.anyone create-directory ^merge-reqs/[^/]+/[0-9]+/comments$anyone create-directory ^merge-reqs/[^/]+/[0-9]+/comments/$user_id$anyone create-file,modify ^merge-reqs/[^/]+/[0-9]+/comments/$user_id/[0-9]+$ When a user creates a merge request they provide a title, an initial comment, apply labels, and push a v1 tag for review and merging. Other users can comment by adding files into the merge request's per-user comments directory. Labels can be added and removed by changing symlinks in the labels directories. The user can publish a new revision of the merge request by pushing a v2 tag and adding a comment describing the changes. Once the maintainers are satisfied they merge the final revision tag into the relevant branch (e.g. "main") and relabel the merge request from open/needs-review to closed/merged. This workflow can be implemented by a tool that performs the necessary git operations so users do not need to understand the git app's internal data layout. Users just need to interact with the tool that displays merge requests, allows commenting, provides searches, etc. A natural way to implement this tool is as a git alias so it integrates alongside git's built-in commands. One issue with this approach is that it uses the file system as a database. Performance and scalability are likely to be worst than using a database or application-specific file format. However, the reason for this approach is that it allows the access control app to enforce a policy that ensures users cannot modify or delete other user's data without running application-specific code on the server and while keeping everything stored in a git repository.


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Master Tour displays your schedule information on a day to day basis. Travel and schedule items do not carry over to the next date, even when the time passes midnight. What if you would like to create a schedule item that occurs after midnight? This is what the +1 check box is for.
To create schedule items that occur past midnight, simply enter the time (i.e. 1:00 AM) and then check the box next to the date that says "+1". This tells the system that the activity occurs the following calendar day (ie late night) but that it is still part of today's schedule. Often times items on your schedule will run past midnight, but you would like them to be associated with the current day. For example, a bus call is at 1:00 AM. Technically 1:00 AM is the following day but you would probably want to see that printed on the schedule for current day, so you would enter the time as 1:00 AM and check the +1 box.
For a schedule item that starts before midnight then continues after midnight, you'd only check the +1 checkbox for the End Time, like so:
Please remember that your schedule items that occur past midnight from one night do not carry over to the next date. It is recommended that if you have travel plans after midnight that occur past midnight well into the next morning, split this information so that information up to a certain hour (say, 3:00am) will display on the day the travel starts, while the rest of the travel information (4:00am onward) will display on the next date.


text: This study develops a new inverse analysis technique for estimating damage patterns in notched composite laminates using an embedded fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor. The damage pattern near the notch was investigated by using a layer-wise finite-element model with cohesive elements for cracks and delamination. The reflection spectrum of the FBG sensor was simulated from the strain distribution obtained along the gage length. We approximated the typical damage pattern (splits, transverse cracks, and delamination) near the notch using some variables; these were then estimated through mathematical programming by minimizing the differences of spectrum shapes between the inputs (e.g. experiments) and the estimations. This damage identification procedure was applied to numerical examples, i.e. simulation results, for a notched CFRP cross-ply laminate. The damage patterns estimated from the calculated reflection spectra were almost identical to those obtained by the simulation. Finally, we estimated the damage pattern of a notched laminate from a measured reflection spectrum of an embedded FBG sensor and demonstrated the capability of the developed identification procedure for practical applications.


text:
Use the following steps to upgrade the Java Run Environment, install Message Queue, and upgrade Directory Server.
Upgrade the Java 2 Runtime Environment (or Java 2 SDK) on each host (except on Windows NT) where Identity Synchronization for Windows components are installed. The minimum required version is 1.5.0.
Upgrade Directory Server to version 6.3. For more information, see Chapter 1, Overview of the Migration Process for Directory Server.
To keep the Administration Server intact, use the -N option while migrating Directory Server (configuration and data) to version 6.3. For more information on migrating configuration data and user data, see Using dsmig to Migrate Configuration Data and Using dsmig to Migrate User Data respectively.
The Directory Server upgrade preserves your current Directory Server configuration and database.


text: We aimed to estimate the impact of ingestion of a pure protein load on the glucose levels in T1DM patients treated with insulin pumps. We examined 10 T1DM patients (6 females, mean age-32.3 years, mean HbA1c-6.8%) treated with insulin pumps equipped with a continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS). In Phase I, baseline insulin infusion was optimized to minimize the differences in fasting glucose levels to less than 30 mg/dL between any two time points between 9 a.m. and 3 p.m. In Phase II, the patients were exposed to single pure protein load. CGMS record was performed and the glucose pattern was defined for 6 hours of each phase. The maximal glucose level increment was similar for the entire duration of the fasting and the protein load test (26.6 versus 27.6 mg/dL, resp., P < 0.78). There was only a borderline difference in change between baseline versus 6th hour glucose (12.5 and 19.0 mg/dL, P = 0.04). Glucose variability, assessed by standard deviation of mean glucose levels, was 36.4 and 37.9 mg/dL, respectively (P = 0.01). The administration of a pure protein load does not seem to have a clinically significant impact on glucose levels in T1DM patients treated with insulin pumps.


Bugs and Limitations
Directory timestamps aren't preserved
Rclone doesn't currently preserve the timestamps of directories. This is because rclone only really considers objects when syncing.
Rclone struggles with millions of files in a directory/bucket
Currently rclone loads each directory/bucket entirely into memory before using it. Since each rclone object takes 0.5k-1k of memory this can take a very long time and use a large amount of memory.
Millions of files in a directory tends to occur on bucket-based remotes (e.g. S3 buckets) since those remotes do not segregate subdirectories within the bucket.
Bucket based remotes and folders
Bucket based remotes (e.g. S3/GCS/Swift/B2) do not have a concept of directories. Rclone therefore cannot create directories in them which means that empty directories on a bucket based remote will tend to disappear.
Some software creates empty keys ending in / as directory markers. Rclone doesn't do this as it potentially creates more objects and costs more. This ability may be added in the future (probably via a flag/option).
Bugs are stored in rclone's GitHub project:


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Include non-communicating reefers in your monitoring procedure
With your REFCON reefer container monitoring system connected to the load calculator or terminal planner, the task of collecting data from the non-communicating containers becomes very simple:
- Transfer the basic reefer container information from the load calculator or terminal planner to REFCON, including container ID, location, expected temperature setpoints, etc.
- Transfer a list of all non-communicating containers from the REFCON system to the handheld RDC unit
- Go to the containers and check the listed data with the actual data on the containers
- Accept or change the data in the RDC
- Go back to the REFCON system and load the corrected data into the system, using a cradle or cable connection
You will now have the actual container data available in the REFCON system. You will also have the alarms on your screen, and you will be able to make the same reports and printouts as for the communicating containers.


text:
A guitar technique where the edge of the pick is dragged along the length of a string, creating a distinctive, abrasive sound.
Pick slides, also known as pick scrapes, are a popular technique in rock and metal genres, often used as a dramatic effect or to transition between different sections of a song. To execute a pick slide, the guitarist places the edge of the pick against a string, usually the lower E or A string, and applies pressure while sliding the pick along the string's length. The resulting sound is a gritty, grinding noise that can add energy and intensity to a performance.
Although pick slides are relatively simple to perform, they require a firm grip on the pick and careful control of the pressure applied to the string to produce the desired sound. Incorporating pick slides into one's playing can provide a dynamic and attention-grabbing element, contributing to the overall expressiveness and impact of a guitarist's performance.


To leverage the Collab.Land bot, you will be asked to connect your wallet to the bot so it may verify you are the wallet owner.
For best results, make sure you are on your Telegram desktop app to complete these steps and you have already downloaded and setup MetaMask.
Joining starts with an invitation link from the bot. Communities generally post the link in a public group or website.
Example Link:
 1. After following the link you will receive a DM from the bot with a Start button at the bottom.
 2. Select the Start button
 3. Select Connect button.
 1. A new window or tab will pop up in your browser with a selection of supported wallets. Select a wallet option to proceed.
Note: MetaMask selections are to connect while on a desktop. For mobile wallet apps please select WalletConnect.
 1. Follow the instructions to have your wallet sign the connection request from the bot.
 2. When the wallet is successfully linked, a wallet connected message will appear in the browser window. Return back to Telegram to proceed.
 1. With your wallet connected, the bot will now provide a button to Join Group. Select the button to enter the group.


UGI Seminars and Events Publication
Facebook logo
Tuesday 12 March, 1–2pm, Dr Garrett Hellenthal, 'Identifying and dating historical admixture events in humans using DNA'
4 March 2013
Gavin de Beer LT, Anatomy Building, UCL
We describe a new method that uses DNA to identify historical events that have shaped present-day populations. In particular, the approach exploits modern large-scale genetic collections to unearth times in the past where two or more genetically distinct groups interacted and exchanged DNA. The method dates precisely when such events occurred, characterizes the amount of DNA exchange, and describes the genetic composition of the (perhaps extinct) groups involved. We highlight the model's advantages over currently available techniques in the field, including its improved parameter estimation and the additional information it contributes beyond any available methods. Our inference, based entirely on DNA, provides a powerful complement to anthropological resources, helping to resolve existing archaeological controversies, determine precisely how much DNA exchange accompanied known historical periods, and discover previously unknown events. We describe an application to data collected from 95 world-wide geographic regions, in which we characterize over 100 DNA exchange events occurring in the past 3000 years.
Page last modified on 04 mar 13 13:32


Stress in a name
Stress in a word is often on the last syllable (stress shown in bold below).
ka = door
araba = car
pazar = market, bazaar
Pazar = Sunday (= market day)
With composite words, one of the sub-words takes the stress:
Pazartesi = Monday (literally: Pazar + ertesi = the day after Sunday)
As suffixes get appended, the stress still remains on the last syllable, unless the suffix is an unstressed suffix:
zel = beatiful
güzellik = beauty
güzelliğin = your beauty
güzelliğinden = from your beauty
In proper names such as city and country names, the second last syllable mostly takes the stress:
 - Istanbul
 - İzmir
 - Edirne
 - Nikaragua
 - İngiltere
 - Yugoslavya
 - Ankara
İstanbul from space:
- left: Europe, right: Asia
- north: Black Sea, south: Marmara Sea
- in between: the Bosphorus
The old İstanbul is a little below the center of the photo.


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Post Acute Myocardial Infraction Patient are being under diagnosis for psychological distress disorders such as depression, anxiety, and post traumatuc.
Research Question and Problem
Assignment: Please write a research question and problem with supporting literature. The question should contain independent variable and dependent variable. The question should state what type of study will be performed (quantitative study or qualitative study).
1.My topic statement is psychological distress in post-acute myocardial infraction (MI) patients. The problem is that many times this patient population is being under diagnosis for psychological distress disorders like depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder. The problem is there is no specific nursing assessment tool that have been developed to help nurses working with this patient population assess and pick up on signs and symptoms of psychological distress disorder in order for this post-acute MI patients can get psychological distress disorder treatment early.
Is there a difference in detecting psychological distress disorders like depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder early in post-acute (MI) patients who complete a psychological questionnaire with a nurse before discharge and those who do not complete psychological questionnaire with a nurse before discharge?
The independent variable is psychological discharge questionnaire by nurse before discharge. The dependent variable is detecting psychological distress disorders such as depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder early in post-acute (MI) patients. Post-acute MI patients are times psychological distress disorders are under diagnosed in this patient population. It is also important to examine the associated factors which might favor greater distress such as (family history and number of MI etc).


text:
January 06, 2013
- zany (noun)
- What does it mean?
- 1 : clown2 : a silly or foolish person
- How do you use it?
- "And what a zany an old chap must be, to light a bonfire when there's no youngsters to please." (Thomas Hardy, _Return of the Native_)
- Are you a word wiz?
Who do you think first used the word "zany" in English?You may be more familiar with the adjective "zany," but "zany" was first introduced to English by William Shakespeare as a noun. In Shakespeare's play _Love's Labour's Lost_ (written around 1594), one of the characters looks for a zany who "knows the trick to make my Lady laugh." That was the first known use of "zany" in English, but the word had been part of Italian plays long before that. In Italian plays, the "zany" was a character who mimicked everyone else on stage. That goofy pest was always called "Zanni," a nickname for "Giovanni," the Italian form of "John." When English speakers adopted the character, they took his name too, and gradually transformed it into the modern word "zany."

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Top 3 Clients by Order Value
Compute the top 3 clients by order value according to the detailed order data. The basic train of thought is to group the orders by clients firstly, secondly sum up the total value of orders placed by each client, thirdly sort the order by the summary value, and lastly filter out the top 3 groups according to the serial numbers. In this case, the summary value sorting and filtering by the serial number is the difficult point. However, with the overall sheet design module and sorted computational module of esCalc, this point can be solved easily.
1. Get the data from the order sheet through the wizard
2. Group by client. Right-click on any cell outside the header of column B, select Quick operation->group, as shown in the below figure:
The grouping result is shown below:
3. Calculate the summary value of each client. In any cell of the summary zone, enter the summation formula, for example, enter {D3}.sum() in D2, which indicates the sum of all homo-cells of D3. Formulas will be copied and pasted to the homocells of D2 (i.e. D7, D10, and other cells) automatically, as shown in the below figure:
4. Sort by the summary value. Right-click on the cell where the summary value is located (any cell of D2, D7 or D10). Right click and select Quick operation->Desc, as shown in the below figure:
The sorting result is shown below:
5. Filter by the serial number. In the Summarizing Area (for example the cell B2), right click and select Operation->Filter, as shown in below figure:
In the dialogue, input the formula "#<=3", and # represents the serial number in this case. Because it is summary zone, the # represents "serial number of each member in the group", as shown in the below figure:
The filtered result of the computational goal, as shown in the below figure:
6. To make it more convenient for viewing, you can also click the grouping level 1 on the top left corner, as shown in the below figure:
landamman407 animalism364 undetermindtion905 hellhag238 fetich178 viticulture137 fabulist203


text: This paper describes the creation of a hypothetical virtual art exhibit using a virtual environment task analysis tool. The Virtual Environment Task Analysis Tool (VETAT-ART) is a paper-and-pencil tool developed to provide structure and guidance to the needs-analysis process that is essential to the development of lifelike virtual exhibits. To illustrate its potential usefulness, VETAT-ART is applied to the design of a historical art exhibit. The first part of the article draws a general profile of our sample application. It introduces organizational-, user-, and task-related factors typically collected when designing or modifying most computer-based systems. The second part of the paper presents the user and task requirements unique to the creation of a virtual environment. Task requirements determine the contents of various storyboards and draw the architecture of the environment. Storyboards describe the images, sounds, sensations, and scents to be found in individual galleries. The architecture establishes a sensible order in which the galleries may be accessed. User requirements determine the human sensory, cognitive, and ergonomic needs relevant to the key activities museum visitors are expected to perform. Activities include visualization and inspection, exploration, and the manipulation of virtual artifacts. Eight goal-categories define user requirements. Visual, auditory, and haptic requirements are determined by humansensory issues. Features relevant to memory capacity, information load, and mental models describe cognitive issues. Physical and physiological considerations are determined by human ergonomics. The third section of the paper suggests usability goals and possible measures of success. In conclusion, limitations and potential extensions of the tool are discussed.


What is the flamenco?
What is the flamenco?Flamenco is a form of dance and music practised in Spain. It evolved over gypsy, Moorish and Latin American influences, the latter being the effect of its colonization of the American continent for four centuries. It combines instrumental music and dance in three settings, namely, small scale cabaret, concerts and theatres. It may use flute or saxophone, or guitars and a dancing pattern that evolved over the centuries. The theatrical presentation is a ballet.
Check Also
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Alwar Festival in Rajasthan
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STRAWSCRAPER – an urban power plant
STRAWSCRAPER is an extension of Söder Torn on Södermalm in Stockholm. With its new energy producing shell covered in straws the building can now recover wind energy and thus works as an urban powerplant. What was originally planned to become a building of 40 flights became 26. Söder Torn was finalized in 1997, however, the architect Henning Larsen had already left the contract after having lost influence over the design of the tower.
Belatchew Arkitekter wants to give Söder Torn its original proportions and at the same time explore new techniques that could create the urban wind farm of the future. By using piezoelectric technology a large number of thin straws can produce electricity merely through small movements generated by the wind. The result is a new kind of wind power plant that opens up possibilities of how buildings can produce energy. With the help of this technique, surfaces on both old and new buildings can be transformed into energy producing entities. Furthermore, an additional aspect is revealed when the constant movement of the straws creates an undulating landscape on the facades. What is usually considered to be the most static of all things, the building, suddenly comes alive and the construction gives the impression of a body that is breathing. The straws swaying in the wind gives the building a constantly changing facade further reinforced at nighttime with lighting in changing colors.
The straws of the facade consist of a composite material with piezoelectric properties that can turn motion into electrical energy. Piezoelectricity is created when the deformation of certain crystals is transformed into electricity. The technique has advantages when compared to traditional wind turbines since it is quiet and does not disturb wildlife. It is operable at low wind velocity since only a light breeze is sufficient for the straws to start swaying and generate energy. The existing premise on top of the building is replaced with a public floor with room for a restaurant. The new extension creates, apart from the energy producing shell, room for the citizens with the possibility to reach a lookout platform at the very top of the tower. Here you will be able to enjoy an unmatched view of Stockholm.


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How to Memorize the 12 British Monarchs
How to Memorize the 12 British Monarchs 10X Faster
If you'd like to remember and recall all the British monarchs, this video will make you do exactly that in only a few minutes.
Human memory is predominantly visual, and you can take advantage of that by visualizing what you need to remember and connecting it to something you already know. And that's what I'll do in this video. Picture each image in your head, and I'll connect them for you using a crazy story.
When you want to recall the names of all the British monarchs, here's what to visualize.
Picture the royal throne where the monarch sits. You know it's the throne of the British monarch because the British flag – the Union Jack – is on the wall behind it.
- Sitting on the throne is a queen ant. The first British monarch after the mergers of the kingdoms of England and Scotland was Queen Anne. Queen ant sounds very similar to Queen Anne, so when you picture the ant sitting on the throne, that will link in your mind straight away to Queen Anne, the first British monarch.
- The second British monarch was King George, or George the 1st. George one sounds like judge nun. Imagine a judge walks up to the queen ant and introduces a nun. He's a traditional English judge wearing the long black gown and white wig, and the nun is wearing the traditional black and white habit. When you visualize the judge and nun talking to the queen ant, you'll remember George I.
- After George the 1st was George the 2nd or George 2. Two sounds like shoe, so let's visualize the judge pulls off one of his shoes, and places it on his head. The shoe is all the colours of the rainbow, very bright. Kind of a weird thing to do when you're in the presence of the queen, but at least now when you picture the judge holding a shoe on his head – judge shoe – you'll remember George II.
- You'll never guess who came after George the 2nd – it was George the third. The judge takes the shoe off his head and throws it through the air and it hits another judge sitting in a tree. Why is this other judge sitting in a tree? Because judge tree, sounds like George 3, and that's how you'll remember George the 3rd.
- The line of King George's continued on and the next British monarch was George the 4th or George 4. That sounds like judge door, so we'll use that. The judge falls out of the tree and lands on the ground in front of a door. The door is covered in ornate decorations, and is bright pink, just to make it stand out in your mind. Create a clear mental image of the judge landing on the ground in front of the door – judge door – and you'll remember George IV.
- After George 4th was William 4th or William four. This time we'll use will-yam-snore. The bright pink door bursts open to reveal a yam with arms and legs, holding a long will. It's a will yam. The will yam is standing up but it's asleep, and there's a speech bubble with 'zzzz' because the will yam is having a snore. Now when you imagine that will yam having a snore, that will link in your mind to William IV.
- The next monarch after William the 4th was the iconic Queen Victoria. To remember Victoria, we'll link it to victory. The yam wakes up and climbs onto the top step of a podium, where it has a winner's wreath put around its neck, and holds its fingers in the V-for-victory sign. It is victorious. Clearly imagine this scene of victory, and it will prompt you to recall Queen Victoria.
- Following Queen Victoria was Edward 7th or Edward seven. To remember that we'll use head wood heaven. Out of the sky falls a head made of wood. It hits the yam and knocks it to the ground, and then the wooden head settles on the podium. Behind the head are clouds and pearly gates, like the stereotypical description of heaven. Visualize in your mind an image of the head of wood with heaven in the background – head wood heaven – and you'll remember Edward VII.
- Next, we're back to another King George again, George five this time. Another judge picks up the head, tucks it under his arm and takes a big dive through the air. Dive rhymes with five. Imagine the judge diving through the air, judge dive, and you'll remember George V, or King George the 5th.
- After George the 5th was King Edward the 8th or Edward 8. Let's go with head wood plate. The head of wood grows arms and legs, escapes from the clutches of the judge, and jumps on a plate that flies through the air like a magic flying carpet. Create a clear mental image of the head of wood on a plate – head wood plate – and that will prompt you to recall Edward VIII, or King Edward the 8th.
- Continuing on, and the next British monarch was King George the 6th. For George 6 we'll use judge bricks. Yet another judge appears in our story and throws bricks at the wooden head on the plate. Not a particularly friendly thing to do. Bricks rhymes with six, so when you imagine the judge throwing bricks, you'll be reminded of George VI.
- Following King George the 6th was Queen Elizabeth the 2nd. Elizabeth two sounds similar to lizard bed shoe, and that's what we'll visualize. The bricks thrown by the judge crash into the bed of a lizard. The lizard is lounging back in bed, and it's wearing a shoe on its head. Picture that little scene – lizard bed shoe – and you'll instantly recall Elizabeth II or Queen Elizabeth the 2nd.
And there you have it, you've just memorized the names of the 12 British monarchs from Queen Anne to Queen Elizabeth the 2nd.
Now, when you think of British monarchs, you'll picture the royal throne with the British flag, the Union Jack, behind it.
- Sitting on the throne is a queen ant, reminding you of Queen Anne
- A judge walks up to the queen with a nun – judge nun – George I
- The judge takes off a shoe and puts it on his head – judge shoe – George II
- The shoe is thrown through the air and hits another judge in a tree – judge tree – George III
- The judge falls out of the tree and lands on the ground in front of a door – judge door – George IV
- The door opens to reveal a yam holding a will and having a snore – will yam snore – William IV
- The yam climbs to the top of a podium to receive the spoils of victory – victory links to Victoria
- A head of wood falls out of the sky and lands on the podium, with heaven behind it – head wood heaven – Edward VII
- A judge picks up the head like a football and takes a big dive – judge dive – George V
- The wooden head escapes and jumps on a flying plate – head wood plate – Edward VIII
- A judge starts to throw bricks at the plate – judge bricks – George VI
- And the bricks crash into a lizard bed where the lizard is wearing a shoe on its head – lizard bed shoe – Elizabeth II
The 12 British monarchs, memorized in only a few minutes.
If you're a student, there are a LOT of things you need to memorize for exams.
You might need to remember numbers, formulas, dates, essays and there are different techniques you can use for each of them. If you'd like to learn some best-practice memorization techniques that will help you crush your exams, sign up for your FREE video training.
Please give this video a like and share, leave a comment below and tell me if you can recall the 10 longest rivers right now.
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Details for Yancey United Methodist Church (Atlas Number _PHONE_)
Historical Marker — Atlas Number _PHONE_
Marker Number 12556
Atlas Number _PHONE_
Marker Title Yancey United Methodist Church
Index Entry Yancey United Methodist Church
Address 255 CR 743
City Yancey
County Medina
UTM Zone
UTM Easting
UTM Northing
Subject Codes Methodist (Methodist Episcopal and United Methodist) denomination; eccesiastical buildings; churches
Marker Year 2001
Designations Recorded Texas Historic Landmark
Marker Location
Marker Size 27" x 42"
Marker Text Completed in 1925, this church building resulted from the combination of two neighboring Methodist congregations. Circuit-riding Methodist preacher A. J. Potter began holding services in a log schoolhouse south of Yancey in 1875. That congregation eventually came to be known as Wilson Chapel Methodist Episcopal Church, South, before it moved into the town of Yancey and was renamed Yancey Methodist Church. North of town, the Yancey Ebenezer Methodist Church, South, was founded in _PHONE_, with the Rev. W. D. Wiemers as first preacher, to serve the German population that lived in the area. In 1921, the two congregations were combined, with the Rev. F. W. Radetzky as first pastor. The church building features classic Gothic detailing, such as the pointed arches in the windows and the entryway. Gothic Revival was a popular style for church designs at the time this building was constructed. When detailed in wood rather than masonry, the style is known as Carpenter Gothic. The square bell tower and gabled roof are other prominent features of the building. An open-air tabernacle on the property, once used for dinners on the ground, worship and outdoor classes, was replaced with an education building in 1948. With its history reaching back to the earliest evidence of Methodism in the area, the Yancey United Methodist Church has played a strong role in the cultural and religious history of the community. It continues to serve the area with a variety of service and outreach ministries. The historic church building remains a significant part of Yancey's architectural heritage. Recorded Texas Historic Landmark - 2001


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Leading up to today, Disney Parks commissioned the most comprehensive survey on vacation memories ever undertaken. Travel trend watcher Ypartnership surveyed 3,600 Americans and Canadians about what makes today's family vacations memorable for both parents and children and there's some interesting findings we can share with you now:
- Nine out of 10 parents said they planned their vacations with the express hope that they would result in a lasting family memory.
- More than two-thirds of family travelers say they think back "often" or "very often" on their favorite vacation experiences.
- Digital photos represent the most popular way to memorialize vacation memories today, cited by 82 percent of respondents.
- The most positive vacation memories are associated with vacations that include both parents and siblings.
- Traditional photo albums remain the preferred method of sharing vacation memories, but 45 percent of family vacationers now post vacation content on social media sites.
- One out of five family travelers share the events that make the memories "real time" as they actually occur.
Here's an interview with Ypartnership CEO Peter Yesawich who shares more insight into some vacation memory trends.


text: Audio slideshows is the topic of Today. For journalist an audio slideshow can add depth to a story, it gives the consumer more visuals to pair to a story. This may make the story more real to the reader. The audio on a slideshow can give them a feel of being there in the story. This gives the journalist more dimensions to their story. The pictures in the slideshow are important because they in this case are the story, and the audio is telling the pictures story as well. This also shows that the journalist can tell a story in more than one way. This is very important for a journalist, it shows diversity in their work.


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Big Island, Hawaii
January 06-January 09
ISBN: 0-7695-1874-5
Liang Qin, Carleton University
Thomas Kunz, Carleton University
Most existing on-demand mobile ad hoc network routing protocols continue using a route until a link breaks. During the route reconstruction, packets can be dropped, which will cause significant throughput degradation. In this paper, we add a link breakage prediction algorithm to the Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) protocol. The mobile node uses signal power strength from the received packets to predict the link breakage time, and sends a warning to the source node of the packet if the link is soon-to-be-broken. The source node can perform a pro-active route rebuild to avoid disconnection. Experiments demonstrate that adding link breakage prediction to DSR can significantly reduce the total number of dropped data packets (by at least 20%). The tradeoff is an increase in the number of control messages by at most 33.5%. We also found that the pro-active route maintenance does not cause significant increase in average packet latency and average route length. Enhanced route cache maintenance based on the link status can further reduce the number of dropped packets.
Liang Qin, Thomas Kunz, "Increasing Packet Delivery Ratio in DSR by Link Prediction," hicss, vol. 9, pp.300a, 36th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS'03) - Track 9, 2003


Definition from Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to: navigation, search
Back-formation from orientation.
orientate (third-person singular simple present orientates, present participle orientating, simple past and past participle orientated)
 1. (Britain, intransitive) To face (a given direction).
 2. (Britain, reflexive) To determine one's position relative to the surroundings; to orient (oneself).
 - John le Carré
 He…stood for a moment, orientating himself exactly in the light of his knowledge.
 He came out of the station and took some time to orientate himself.
 3. To arrange in order; to dispose or place (a body) so as to show its relation to other bodies, or the relation of its parts among themselves.
 - E. S. Dana
 A crystal is orientated when placed in its proper position so as to exhibit its symmetry.
 4. (Britain, transitive) To position (something), to align relative to a given position.
 Try to orientate your students towards the science subjects.
 5. (archaic) To move or turn toward the east; to veer from the north or south toward the east.
Usage notes[edit]
 1. ^ orientate, in Common Errors in English Usage, by Paul Brians
 1. second-person plural present indicative of orientare
 2. second-person plural imperative of orientare
 3. feminine plural of orientato


Can Dogs Survive in the Wild on Their Own (Better Off)?
can dogs survive in the wild
When my wife and I travel abroad, and in particular to places in the south Mediterranean, we are always shocked by the number of stray dogs we see. If I think of my own dog, I can't imagine him being able to survive in the wild… but these foreign dogs survive on their own – or at least it appears they do.
Those dogs probably get a lot of help from tourists with snacks from the restaurant tables so might not be an accurate representation of whether dogs can survive in the wild… so what is the truth? Can dogs survive on their own and live in the wild and be better off?
Can dogs survive in the wild? Some dogs can survive on their own in the wild, and even thrive and be better off in the wild. However, this won't always be the case. Survival in the wild will depend on the dog's size, condition, sociability and prey drive.
That's a broad answer, so please continue for an overview of documented examples of dogs living in the wild, and what factors go into making it a success.
Can dogs survive on their own in the wild and be better off?
When you think about it, there are some very well-documented canine communities that have either escaped from or been abandoned by humans. The most notable is the so-called 'Dogs of Chernobyl'. Their owners were not permitted to take their pets when they were forced to flee after the nuclear explosion in 1986.
Despite attempts to euthanize the dogs, several of these dogs survived in the wild woods of the exclusion zone, even during the harsh Ukrainian winters. Although it is many canine generations later, the dogs still suffer the effects of the radioactive fallout and have a limited lifespan.
There are currently efforts to shelter, feed and sterilize those that live near human settlements, such as the guard huts.
Other examples of dogs that survive in the wild are Australian cattle dogs and Pyrenean mountain dogs. They will routinely spend months alone, protecting livestock in areas that are not conducive to human survival.
If you are planning to live with your dog in the wild, attributes such as loyalty, watchfulness and a protective instinct come into play. Strength and endurance are important if you plan to harness the dogs for chores such as transport.
Dogs that have been inbred for highly specialized purposes, for example, 'looking good on Instagram', may not make it, on their own, past lunch on day 2.
Survival hierarchy of needs for dogs living in the wild
According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, basic requirements for human survival include food, water and shelter. Thereafter, we need security and a social structure.
If we extrapolate this model for canine survival, we can reasonably dispense with ego and self-actualisation needs. An exception may be made for that quadruped piranha, otherwise known as a Chihuahua.
Can dogs survive on their own
For a dog to survive in the wild, he will have to know how to hunt and find water.
The first need would be for water. Dogs are not as fussy as humans when it comes to drinking water so they will probably pass this hurdle. They may have digestive issues for a while but they will soon adapt.
Secondly, they will need food. For most dogs not living in the wild, this would be at 8 am and 4 pm every day. However, left to their own devices they will snack on anything, in between times.
Dogs are fortunate in that they are omnivores and their digestive systems will cope with eating proteins, fat, bones and starches. Many dogs do not even care how old their food is.
When dogs live in the wild, they will no doubt need to develop hunting skills in order to survive in the long run. Individual small dogs like terriers and Beagles need less food and will be able to follow small mammals into their burrows. They could also be agile enough to catch birds.
Hunting dogs, such as pointers, setters and beagles have an elevated prey drive and are relentless in tracking down small mammals and birds. Retrievers, Spaniels and Newfoundlands would have an advantage in the wetlands, and might even be successful at catching fish.
The social structure becomes important for slower, larger breeds, such as rottweilers and mastiffs as they will need to hunt in packs.
Canine species in the wild, such as jackals and wild dogs, do eat carrion, but they invariably need to compete with other animals to secure sufficient quantities. Individual dogs would not be able to live in the wild and survive as successfully as they won't can't compete as effectively.
Shelter is a concern for most domesticated dogs. However, in the wild, dogs who live outside will grow and shed hair in accordance with the changes in temperature. In extreme hot or cold climates, respectively, the Mexican Hairless and the Malamute would have an advantage.
In most other climates, even short-haired breeds will survive, with the help of their friends.
Although there is a dominance hierarchy and 'survival of the fittest' that comes into play, within the pack, the collective will take care of its members. For example, nursing mothers will be protected, and the very young fed by older siblings.
Research has shown that rather than breeding indiscriminately, the way street dogs do, packs of wild dogs have fewer offspring. Among African wild dogs, the most efficient hunting mammals on that continent, it is usually the alpha male and female that mate, thereby preserving the dominant genes most likely to lead to the survival of the pack.
Even domesticated dogs have a highly developed sense of smell and this will serve them well in identifying friend, foe and food in the wild. Dogs also have more pigment in their irises so can withstand bright light for longer than their human counterparts.
Photos of packs of feral dogs show a prevalence of medium to large, cross bred dogs, with short hair. Most are lean but not too muscular. Small dogs routinely punch above their weight and don't seem to survive when humans are not around to keep larger dogs in check.
After successive seasons, the pack would take on a uniform colour coat, suitable for adapting to the region. For example, in warmer areas, such as the desert, dogs tend to have lighter coloured coats. One could term them sandy-haired.
What dog breeds are likely to survive in the wild?
Among the small breeds, the Jack Russell and Cairn Terriers stand the best chances of survival. JRTs are energetic little dogs, bred to be rat catchers and to enter burrows in pursuit if their prey. Cairn Terriers are hardy wire-haired, Scottish dogs that seem to thrive in all weather conditions.
Spaniels and Beagles are slightly larger breeds. Beagles have a bad rap in that they are reportedly slower and do not match the intelligence of other hunting dogs. But they are dogged in pursuing their prey (their big ears help).
Spaniels have the same reputation but are better suited to the water.
The best mid-range dogs are collies, retrievers and heelers or cattle dogs. They bring all the attributes of the aforementioned breeds to the hunting party but have more bulk. The retrievers will sparkle in water.
For protection of the pack, and backup in a hunt, Doberman Pinschers are lithe, fast and aggressive. Rottweilers would make into the pack by virtue of their appearance, and any of the Pitbull types gain a place because of their reputation. These are both strong, powerful dogs with attitudes that do not invite opposition.
In the snow, Alaskan Malamutes have the intelligence, the work ethic and the strength required for long term survival. The large breeds, such as Pyrenean Mountain Dogs, St Bernards and Newfoundlands are all immensely powerful dogs with glowing reputations as working, carting and guard dogs.
The St Bernard, due to its record of Alpine rescues, has the honour of being the national dog of Switzerland.
Regional dogs, such as the Boerboel and the Rhodesian Ridgeback would be high on the list of survivors in the Southern African region. The Thai also have a Ridgeback, and in Indochina, you will find a formidable breed of domesticated dingo which would easily revert to being free range. The Irish Wolfhound would no doubt love to join its namesake in the wild.
Do dogs live longer in the wild?
Whilst there is no research to prove whether dogs live longer in the wild, the best assumption would be no, they do not. If you think of the risks such as illness with no vets, food sources, water, traffic, fights, and other potential predators, they life expectancy of a wild dog will be lower.
Can I release my dog into the wild?
Of course you can release your dog into the wild, but whether they will survive or not is another matter. Most dogs who have been domesticated will struggle to adapt when released into the wild.
As well as the ethics of releasing a dog into the wild, there are laws too.
For example, in the UK when you release a dog into the wild you are contravening the Wildlife and Countryside Act of 1981. Section 14 of the act prohibits releasing dogs into the wild as a non-native animal.
After rats and cats, feral dogs have become the world's third largest human-introduced threat to wildlife. They are responsible for the extinction of almost a dozen species of birds and mammals, and are thought to be a threat to another 200 species, some of which are on the endangered list.
Releasing a dog into the wild is both


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Rituals and religion help footballers cope
Superstitions can help footballers control their anxiety before a game. That is the finding of research presented at the British Psychology Society Annual Conference, held at the Grand Connaught Rooms, London this week.
Patrick Ofori from the University of Stirling interviewed 10 members of the Ghana team taking part in the 2010 FIFA World Cup in South Africa about their superstitions and religious experiences. These included both formal religious rituals and individual superstitions like a lucky mascot
Comments from the players included, "My prayers give me self-belief in my abilities and confidence to play without fear", and "I feel really good any time that I do them and am able to play well too."
The interviews were transcribed and then analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. This is a technique for discovering how individuals make sense of their personal and social worlds.The analysis of the transcripts revealed that superstitious and religious rituals can be helpful or unhelpful to players depending how they are learned.
Patrick Ofori commented: "Coaches and psychologists should encourage athletes to own their rituals and integrate them into their wider coping strategies, because our findings suggest that superstitions and religious rituals can help immunise elite footballers against anxiety. They seem to increase their self-confidence and make them feel more in control of events too."
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Learn the difference: Uninterested versus Disinterested
Quick question: when your friend keeps telling you a story that you have no interest in, are you uninterested or disinterested?
These two words sound similar but do not mean the same thing i.e. they are not synonyms.
Let's learn their correct usage today!
Uninterested means "have or show no feeling of interest; indifferent."
For example: A person who dislikes watching movies would be uninterested in watching the newly released thriller everyone is talking about.
The above example means that the person has no interest in watching movies and s/he finds it boring.
Disinterested means "impartial; unbiased by personal interest or advantage."
For example: A disinterested observer is best for our competition.
The above example means that a person who has no personal interest or advantage in the competition would be best to observe/judge it.
Uninterested versus Disinterested
To be uninterested means to be indifferent
To be disinterested means to be impartial
Both these words are derived from the word interest which originated from the Latin word interrese. Hence, they are easily confused.
Incorrect: Why do you seem so disinterested?
Correct : Why do you seem so uninterested?
Incorrect: We need an uninterested judge for the game.
Correct : We need a disinterested judge for the game.
So, to answer the question I asked in the beginning, you are uninterested in the story your friend tells you (and not disinterested)as it may be boring or uneventful.
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additive in a sentence
Example sentences for additive
They can also serve as a beneficial additive to gardens and compost piles.
It is also used as an additive in unleaded gasoline.
So, an additive was put it in to try to disrupt that behavior.
Machines act multiplicatively on labor while labor is only additive.
It is suspect as an additive source of lung-irritating particulates and cloud-forming haze.
Those who ate the additive that was harder to break down also reported that they felt fuller after the meal, the study says.
For stature, the additive variance is spread across too many loci for this model to be plausible.
These plots are measuring narrow sense heritability, which is the additive genetic variance over the phenotypic variance.
The way to think of this is as an additive process, with the larger object entirely in control of the addition.
That's strongly indicative of marginal additive genetic variance effecting mate choice.
It is already widely used as a gelling agent and a food additive.
Motor manufacturers have severe biofuel additive limits on their warranties.
You're adding an anti-foaming additive, a dispersant and a detergent.
It is not additive mathematics, more multiplicative.
Once a food additive is approved, any manufacturer of food or food packaging may use the food additive.
Plus, it does not mean vaccines plus some additive in food, plus who knows what else in combination does it.
It is already being used as a fuel additive-to help gasoline burn more completely and, thus, cut down on air pollution.
It is not on ventilation changes that can help that but also sometimes that is a needed additive.
Drop subsidies for corn ethanol and it would disappear, except as an anti-knock additive, within a year.
She goes on to cite the safety concerns of medical experts regarding the additive.
Additive claims to be the boss of sugar, benefiting diabetics.
Additive claims to be the boss of sugar, benefiting.
Cholesterol-fighting additive envisioned for snacks.
Famous quotes containing the word additive
In the end, the fate of children depends on our ability to use technology constructively and carefully. The connection o... more
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Welcome to FRAmes on GENder
For the first time, core feminist texts from the second wave of feminism in Europe have been made available to researchers in an easily accessible online database. The FRAGEN project brings together books, articles and pamphlets that were influential in the development of feminist ideas in 29 countries during the second half of the 20th century.
29 Countries, 29 partners select core feminist texts in EuropeThe selected texts have been digitised and made available in a database. Making this information available will allow for comparative research into the history of feminist ideas in different European countries.
The database developed in FRAGEN has two goals:
to create a database of the original texts on gender+equality frames that have emerged from feminist movements in Europe.
to organize and facilitate open access for researchers to this database.
From 2008 until 2011 European women's libraries, gender studies departments and scholars from all over Europe have been working together in the FRAGEN project.


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Coexister Coperation Circle (CC) is a youth-led organization located in Paris, France. Coexister CC's main focus is the promotion of religious equality with respect to each person's belief. They inspire individuals and organizations not to engage in evangelism, discrimination, and proselytization. Their activitiesAnnual Festiv'All Together and InterFaith Tourpromote civil secularism and unite societies.
"Our purpose is to promote the Youth Interfaith Movement through dialogue, solidarity, education, awareness and travel to enhance social cohesion."
Agnostic, Baha'i, Buddhism, Christianity, Islam, Judaism
Number of Members
Joined URI Network


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Tree List
Simple Array: Plain Structure
To bind the TreeList to an array that contains plain-structured data objects, do the following:
 1. Assign the array to the dataSource property.
 2. Specify the data fields that contain node keys in the keyExpr property and parent node keys in the parentIdExpr property.
 3. Specify the root node's key in the rootValue property if it is not 0.
The TreeList builds a tree from plain data objects based on the specified properties.
View Demo


What causes the pink stain on bathroom fixtures?
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The reddish-pink stain or residue that is frequently found around bathroom sinks, shower stalls, and pets' water bowls, is not by the water supply but by naturally occurring airborne bacteria that produce a reddish pigment. There are numerous bacteria in the environment that find their way onto bathroom and kitchen fixtures. Most do not cause disease. These bacteria are found in soil, food, and on animals, and they may become airborne because of construction or wind. It is not uncommon to find the pinkish film appearing after new construction or remodeling activities.
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The application of adult nursing pads in surgery
by：Moosee 2021-03-13
Adult nursing pad is a disposable sanitary product made of PE film, non-woven fabric, fluff pulp, polymer and other materials. Adult nursing pads can reduce the occurrence of hypothermia in surgical patients, and at the same time reduce the frequency of moving patients. The vital signs are significantly smoother than those of patients with repeated turnings, and the patient feels comfortable. So what are the applications of adult nursing pads in surgery? Let me introduce to you.
1. Before operation: Lay two 90*60cm2 adult nursing pads on the stretcher to isolate the patient's body from direct contact with the stretcher. Depending on the patient's condition, use the patient's own translation or two-person transfer method to move the patient. Move it to the stretcher and cover with the quilt. The general principle of handling is to move lightly, shorten the distance, and save energy. During transportation, keep warm.
2. Intraoperative: Intraoperative disinfectant and various rinsing fluids overflow, the nursing pad can quickly absorb, keep the surface dry, avoid the irritation of the wet bed sheet to the patient's skin, and reduce the loss of skin heat conduction.
3. After operation: Place the scoop stretcher on the flat car, and spread two nursing pads on the stretcher flat, with a nursing pad in the middle corresponding to the patient's waist and hips. After being transported to the ward, the nurses and nurses lift the scoop stretcher to the patient's bed, disassemble the stretcher, check whether the adult nursing pad is flat, and cover the patient with a quilt to prevent loss of body temperature. During the entire transportation process, pay attention to observe the patient's vital signs, lip color, and whether there is any chills.
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How to configure the HomeShield Reward feature on a TP-Link Router/Deco
You can add extra online time as a reward for your kid's good behavior. This feature is for HomeShield Pro users only.
Before you start:
- You should have a TP-Link HomeShield router and have an iOS device running iOS 9 or later, or an Android device running Android 4.2 or later.
- You have downloaded and installed the TP-Link Tether app/TP-Link Deco app on your device.
Follow the steps below to set up this feature:
Note: In this article, we will take the Deco app as an example to illustrate the configuration.
1. Open the Deco app. Swipe right to open the menu and select HomeShield Pro.
2. Select the desired network to apply HomeShield Pro.
3. Open the Deco app. Go to the Parental Controls tab and select a profile.
4. Tap Adjust and select the allowed time you want to add or subtract for today.
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Eastern Parkway-Brooklyn Museum
Arts for Transit Collaborative
New York City Architectural Artifacts from the Collection of the Brooklyn Museum, 2004
Terra cotta artifacts and glass mosaic on mezzanine and stairway walls
The Brooklyn Museum has long served as a repository for ornamental architectural forms salvaged from significant buildings that were being demolished. Seventy-eight of these artifacts are installed in the Eastern Parkway/Brooklyn Museum subway station, enriching the environment and creating an introduction to the museum above. Among these are plaques, lunettes, keystones, and other decorative elements that represent the city's architectural heritage. The project is a successful example of institutional collaboration. The Brooklyn Museum, working with MTA Arts for Transit and Vel Riberto Consulting, selected the artifacts and donated them to the project. New mosaic designs were added, to frame the objects and to make connections with the architecture of the station.
- Google Translate


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Nano-sized titania (anatase) and sodium and potassium titanate nanotubes were studied via in situ Raman spectroscopy at hydrostatic pressures up to 6 GPa. Analysis by scanning electron microscopy shows a uniform dispersion of sodium and potassium cations in the nanotubes. The effect of the pressure was observed by significant shifts in the Raman band structure of nano-sized anatase crystals and nanotube titanate. In nano-particulate anatase, the phonon frequencies (143, 395, 517, and 639 cm−1) increase linearly with pressure. In contrast, the upward frequency shifts in the sodium titanate nanotubes (NaTNT) and potassium-modified nanotubes (NaTNT+K) occur in a stepwise fashion. These stepwise changes occur in the nanotube samples between 2 and 4 GPa (ambient pressure phonon bands in NaTNT at 274, 444, 650, and 906 cm−1) and between 4.5 and 5.5 GPa, (phonons 273 cm−1 and 436 cm−1 in NaTNT+K at an ambient pressure). Post-pressure high-resolution transmission electron microscopy analysis shows evidence of nanotube distortions and a 5% contraction in the interlaminar spacing of both NaTNT and NaTNT+K.
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Physics and Astronomy(all)


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1 Section for Construction Materials, Department of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Denmark2 Department of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Denmark3 Department of Structural Engineering and Materials, Technical University of Denmark
Linking molecular level mechanisms with macroscopic performance
Predicting the performance of wood for decades ahead is important when using the material for structural purposes. The performance is closely related to the hierarchical material structure of wood and the dependent interaction with water in the structure. Accurately predicting wood performance therefore requires an understanding of material structure from molecular to macroscopic level as well as of the impact of water molecules. The objective of this work is to investigate the performance of wood in terms of mechanical response of the material and effect of water. To understand the latter, one must first know in which parts of the wood structure, water is located. If parts of the water in wood are held in capillaries in the wood structure, these water molecules interact with the material differently than those held within wood cell walls. In this study, the occurrence of capillary water in wood is investigated at high levels of relative humidity (RH), where capillary water might be present. Three different techniques are employed in overlapping RH regimes. The three techniques give similar results and show that the amount of capillary water is insignificant up to at least 99.5 % RH. Thus, for wood in equilibrium with surrounding climate in the RH range 0-99.5 %, water is only significantly present within cell walls. A structural model of a wood cell is developed in this study using Finite Element Method for predicting the mechanical performance of wood. The starting point for the model is the physical behaviour on the molecular level since water interferes with wood at this level. The elastic material properties of the wood cell wall are explained by the organisation of wood constituents and their properties. The effect of water as well as temperature is incorporated by considering the amount of hydrogen bonds between wood constituents and the stiffness of these bonds. The mechanical response of wood includes a substantial time-dependent response, which previously has been explained by sliding between wood constituents on the molecular level. In this study, this is incorporated in the model as time-dependent shearing of the material planes of the cell wall. The calculated results of the model is verified against various experimental results from literature as well as from measurements presented in this work. It is shown that the structural model is able to describe a diverse range of mechanical responses of wood cells in both elastic and time-dependent domains. Furthermore, comparison of results from experiments and model suggests that the mechanical response of wood tissue, i.e. the hierarchical level above single wood cells, is a sum of responses from both wood cells and intercellular layer, i.e. the middle lamella.


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Home > Software > Duplicate Commander 3.2.5448
Version 3.0 has multiple known issues, crashes, bugs, etc. The current beta version has progressed a lot since the last stable released over 2 years ago, and I've gotten nothing but positive feedback from it. It is highly recommended that you use the current beta.
Duplicate Commander is a freeware application that allows you to find and manage
duplicate files on your PC. Duplicate Commander comes with many features and tools that
allow you to recover your disk space from those duplicates.
Duplicate Commander goes Open Source! Check out the source on my personal GitBlit server. If you have Git on your computer, you can clone the repository with:
git clone _URL_
256 MB of RAM (1 GB recommended)
Pentium II 500 MHz processor
1 MB of hard drive space
.NET Framework 2.0 (automatically installed on Vista and newer)
- Search for duplicates based on filename or actual data
- When searching for duplicates based on filename, you may also factor in file extension, size, or timestamp.
- Duplicates found can be limited to certain file types
- Duplicates found can be limited to a certain file size bracket
- Search locations can be pinned and accessed easily later
- Search results can be saved and re-imported later
- Duplicates can be replaced with hard links or soft links that point to a single copy of the file
- Some operations can be reversed later through undo scripts
- Undo Scripts are script files readable by Duplicate Commander that when executed, reverses some of Duplicate Commander's actions. Actions that can be undone are:
- Moving duplicates to a different folder
- Replacing files with hard links
- Replacing files with soft links
- Files are never deleted permanently
- As a safety precaution, files are always deleted to the Recycle Bin.
- Folders can be excluded from being searched
- Vital OS folders are excluded by default
- This includes your Windows and Program Files folders.
- File types can be excluded from being searched
- Powerful automatic checking functions
- Duplicate Commander can automatically check items for you that match certain criteria, such as
- The smallest or biggest file in the group
- The oldest or newest file in the group
- Files contained in certain folders
- Files of a certain extension
- Files of a certain date range
- Files of a certain size range
- Files that contain a certain string
- Files that cross-reference each other
- Files can be checkmarked that only have duplicates in other certain folders.
- Files with paths that match a regular expression
- Lightweight and portable
- Duplicate Commander is lightweight and comes in both an installed version and a portable version.
- Includes an auto-updater
- Regardless of whether you're using the installed version or the portable version, Duplicate Commander can be updated automatically right from the user interface in no more than 2 clicks.
- Duplicate Commander is freeware for all uses.


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Business Assessment Profiling – overview
A key tool for the business analyst is the Business Assessment Profile. Ideally, it is the key reporting tool within an organisation. Using the Minitab statistical analysis software programme, the Business Assessment Profile presents senior decision-makers with relevant data in a format that enables them to make real business decisions. The Business Assessment Profile should be used to help ensure continued alignment of the organisation's products / services / processes with the needs of its customers and stakeholders.
This intensive four-day workshop is designed to help business analysts and others master the techniques required for producing a Business Assessment Profile, following a structured process built around:
- Understanding the needs of the customer
- Understanding the needs of the organisation
- Understanding the key statistical concepts
- Understanding how best to put it all into practice.
Full details below or download course outline.
By the end of the programme participants will have completed, or gone substantially towards completing, a Business Assessment Profile which will encompass:
- Key customers and their requirements
- A control plan to ensure that the performance will be measured
- Key objectives and their measures
- A Business Assessment Analysis
- Strategic business objectives
- Key measures relating to strategic business objectives
Additionally, participants will be able to:
- Develop a business-wide measurement deployment strategy
- Understand key statistical concepts to aid in the development of key measures
- Present data more effectively
All business analysts and any other staff engaged in the reporting and measurement of the business.
The programme includes extensive practical analysis exercises and all participants will need access in the classroom to a laptop / computer with Minitab installed.
Relevant case studies will be used throughout the programme and participants will be expected to bring examples of data collection and analysis from within the organisation.
Given the practical nature of this workshop-style programme, there is a maximum limit of twelve participants (minimum four).
This programme is very practical and is based on all participants having a laptop or PC in the training room with Minitab installed. Minitab is the leading statistical software package used for quality improvement worldwide. If the course participants do not already have experience of using Minitab then they should attend an Introduction to Minitab first.
Business Assessment Profiling – course outline
Understanding the customer
1 Identifying key customer requirements using Quality Function Deployment (QFD)
2 Understanding the relationship between in-house and external customers
3 Developing a requirements matrix
4 Establishing key customer measurements
Understanding the business objectives
1 Establishing current business measures
- What do we measure?
- And how?
2 Creating an objectives / measurement matrix
- Which measures are important to the business?
- Which measures are important to the customer?
3 Completing a gap analysis from the matrix
- Establishing which current measures are relevant
- Establishing which current measures need to be discarded
- Establishing new measures where needed
Understanding key statistical concepts
1 Understanding basic statistics
2 Types of data
- Continuous / count / attribute
3 Graphical presentation of data
Selecting the most appropriate chart
4 Location and spread / dispersion
5 Understanding analytical statistics
- Correlation and regression
- Hypothesis testing
- Capability analysis
- Multi-vari analysis
Developing the Business Assessment Profile
1 Establishing the key measures
2 Developing a reporting document
3 Developing a deployment programme
4 Creating the Business Assessment Profile


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Hygrometer & Thermometer with external sensor
Need to know the temperature in your mushroom grow room? Get this Hygrometer and Thermometer. It measures humidity from 20% up to 99% RH. Temperature in and outdoors and in Celsius and Fahrenheit. Now, you know exactly when humidity and temperature is right for the pinning of your mushrooms
Disponibilidad: Sin existencias
Measure Humidity, Temperature and Time! This three essential factors in mushroom cultivation are now under your control. The External sensor makes it possible to measure the humidity inside the grow bag.
- Measures both temperature and humidity.
- Maximum and minimum button to review highest and lowest temperatures.
- Digital clock time displayed
- Hourly and daily alarm clock
- Large clear temperature mad humidity display
Notice: Do not put the product inside a grow bag or very humid spot! Can be used in bigger environments.
|SKU (Número de Referencia)||acc-hgtm|
|No enviar a:||No hay restricciones conocidas:|


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Algebra Seminar talk
Antoine Mottet (Univerzita Karlova)
Cores of structures with a Ramsey expansion
A core is a relational structure whose endomorphisms behave locally as automorphisms. Cores are objects that appear naturally in the study of constraint satisfaction problems, and in this context it is an important question to determine which classes of structures can be reduced to the study of the cores inside them. The class of finite structures is a trivial such example, and the class of countably categorical structures is another (Bodirsky, 2003). In this talk, I will show that the same holds for structures admitting a countably categorical Ramsey expansion. This is joint work with Michael Pinsker.


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PRODUCT NAME: Mrigmad Tailam (Jaanbaaz Oil)
PACK SIZE: 15ml
Mrigmad Tailam (Jaanbaaz Oil) is a purely herbal and natural oil made with natural herbs, to boost male fertility. It works by increasing the blood circulation in the penile region resulting in penis erection and reduce premature ejaculation. This alcohol and drug-free formula also help in treating impotency, increases libido, and turgidity. In addition, the oil contains natural aphrodisiacs and testosterone releasers that help in increasing the libido in men.
It contains natural ingredients like Akarkara, Javitri, Karpas Beej, Laung, Gunja, Kesar, Somal, Badaam Tail, and Til Tail.
- Natural and Effective remedy for men's problems
- Helps in regaining optimum sexual health
- Treats Erectile Dysfunction
- No side effects
- Increases blood circulation
- Clinically tested
- For Men only
- Safe and Effective.
DIRECTIONS TO USE:
- First, take 5-6 drops of the oil
- Apply it on the genitalia area
- Use it daily.
- No rinsing necessary.
- For external use only.
- Do not touch the dropper tip with bare hands.
- Store in a cool, dry place. Away from direct sunlight.
- Use the medicine within three months of breaking the seal.
- Discontinue use, if any problems.
- Keep out of reach of children.
USE UNDER MEDICAL SUPERVISION


Only $9.95!
Desktop Scissors is an efficient and user friendly tool for analysis, review, and presentation development. Anyone with the need to simultaneously view multiple applications on a computer screen while manipulating another application needs Desktop Scissors. It increases the ease with which one can manage multiple windows while providing for quick and easy image or text manipulation in all programs.
Screen Capture Functions Microsoft Snipping Tool Snagit Other Competitors Desktop Scissors
Capture always at the forefront of your screen *
Instant Capture Shortcut (ctrl + d) *
Always running without hogging resources *
Window is always exactly the same size as capture with no wasted space *
Capture anything on your screen at any time * * * *
Functions across multiple monitors *
Copy and Paste captures * * * *
Instantly Email with a simple copy and paste *
Capture Printing * * * *
Save captures in six common formats * * * *
Tabbed capturing to reduce window clutter *
Hide window borders to build collages *
Stretch and Shrink captures with the click of a mouse *
Edit captures instantly in your favorite image editor *
Make your company GREEN by using Desktop Scissors today! Have you every had to take notes while working on your computer? With Desktop Scissors you can capture any idea, address, or image with the click of a mouse!


How to tune a car sound system: adding a 4-channel amp
Buck Pomerantz
More from Buck Pomerantz
Rockford Fosgate Power T400X4ad
Rockford Fosgate Power T400X4ad 4-channel amplifier
Adding a 4-channel amp to your car stereo system — two channels to run the front speakers and two channels to run the rear speakers — not only raises the sound level, but also greatly increases the sound quality of your music. This is how I'd tune it up:
 1. Before turning on your system, make sure your amplifier's gains are set to their minimums, their highand low-pass filters are off (set to "all pass" or flat), and that any bass and treble boosts are also off.
 2. Turn on all the units of your system. Set your receiver's tone or EQ controls, its balance, and its fade to their middle, off, or flat positions. Note where the settings were as you might want to restore them later. If you have a subwoofer in your system, turn its amp gain all the way down.
 3. Play your test music. That's a recording you are very familiar with and know what it's supposed to sound like. It has plenty of sonic variety: lots of very high notes like flutes, brass, and cymbals, lots of mid-range content like piano, guitar, and vocals, and lots of very low notes like bass and drums. And you will listen to it over and over again. (For steps 4 through 10, while you're setting the amplifier's gains, it is best to play the loudest passages of your song selection.)
 4. Set the receiver's fade control all the way to the front speakers.
 5. With your amplifier's gain controls still all the way down, turn the receiver's volume up to ¾ full, or until the music sounds distorted. (If you don't hear any music at all, try turning the amp's front gain control up slightly until you do.) If you hear distortion, turn down the receiver's volume until the distortion goes away and the music sounds clean.
 6. Now turn up the front gain control of your amp until the music distorts, then turn it down so it plays clean again.
 7. Turn the receiver volume down.
 8. Set the receiver's fade control all the way to the rear speakers.
 9. Again, turn the receiver's volume up to ¾ full and turn up the rear gain control of your amp until the music distorts, then turn it down so it plays clean again.
 10. Turn the receiver volume down.
 11. If you have no subwoofer in your system, restore your receiver's original tone, balance, and fade settings now. Or, you can refer to "How to Tune a Car Sound System: Part 1" for help in tuning your stereo to sound its best. Another tip is to engage the high-pass filter on the front channels of your 4-channel amp, and tune it to eliminate some of the low notes coming from the front speakers in order to bring extra clarity to your soundstage. (That's the ability of your stereo to sound like a band is playing in front of you, live in your car.)
 12. If you do have a subwoofer in your system, adjust the receiver's fade control to the front speakers only and turn up the volume until the music is loud, but not uncomfortable. Engage the high-pass filter of the amplifier's front channels and adjust it so the bass notes disappear. Fade the receiver to the rear speakers only and engage and adjust the rear channels' high-pass filter until the bass disappears there too. Return your receiver's fade control to its original position.
 13. Slowly turn up the gain of your subwoofer amplifier until the bass notes sound balanced and smoothly blended with the rest of the music. Your sub amp's low-pass filter should already be tuned to reproduce only the low notes. You can refer to Tuning Your Subs, for help in fine-tuning your subwoofer system.
 14. If your highs and lows seem balanced but the bass sounds like it's coming from the rear, adjust the sub amp's low-pass filter lower to "de-localize" it. Pay close attention to the "crossover area", the parts of the music played by both the full-range speakers and your subwoofer. Smooth any roughness by fine-tuning the filters. For instance, if the vocals sound tinny, you can adjust the high-pass filters on your 4-channel amp to include more low notes. If the vocals sound boomy, tune the high-pass filters higher.
Take your time and tune it all for your own ears and you will never go wrong.
Kicker 40KX400.4
Kicker 40KX400.4 4-channel amplifier
Find what fits your car


text: Taken post-mortem by his undertaker April 1865. This lock was kept at the U.S. patent office in the late 19th century. It was given to a prominent Washington D.C. family and remained with them until The Gettysburg Museum of History obtained it a few years ago. There were several documented locks of Lincoln's hair taken at his death bed. This lock was previously unknown to historians. The practice of taking a hair lock from the deceased seems very unusual today. In the 19th century it was a tradition practiced by most people of all classes.


Dimplez Dreamz youth workforce fellowship aims to deliver educational, employment, and training services for young adults (ages 16-24) in Philadelphia. We provide virtual one-on-one case management services, mentorships, occupational skills, work experience training, entrepreneurship, and leadership development. Each cohort will tremendously help 50 young people from diverse ethnic backgrounds and adverse environments. Our program also focuses on behavioral training methods to reduce violence, such as conflict resolution and finding common ground with one another.
By developing an aggressive workforce program, the youth can be better positioned to obtain educational and employment opportunities so we can build a more productive and nonviolent community.
If you or know someone that would benefit by being apart of the fellowship please complete the interest form.
Dimplez Dreamz Workforce Fellowship Interest Form


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Solar Bottle Bulb in Philippines
Millions of poor homes in Philippines – and a lot more around the world – in the dark because the metal roof block all light and no connection to electricity in informal settlements.
A student of MIT found that one-liter plastic bottle filled with water and bleach and then mounted on a metal roof is a simple way to light homes that have no electrical connectivity or natural lighting. It was called Solar Bottle Bulb.
How to Make, How to Work and Spec of Solar Bottle Bulb
- Fill plastic bottles with water and bleach then capped; bleach works to make the water clear and also to prevent fungus or microbe.
- Make holes in the metal roofs, insert the bottle and then sealed to avoid leaks when it rains.
- Plastic bottles refract sun light and pushed into every corner of the home rather than to highlight one area like an ordinary lamp.
- Simple technology that can be installed in less than an hour, lasting for five years, and equivalent with 60-watt light bulb.
As part of their Solar Bottle Project, Isang Litrong Liwanag (A Liter of Light) organization has installed 10,000 of Solar Bottle Bulb throughout Manila.
Photo: Isang Litrong Liwanag


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Introduction to the hat matrix in regression
What is the Hat matrix (known in econometrics as the projection matrix ) in regression?
The geometry of the Hat matrix in regression.
How does the Hat matrix gets its name?
Interpretation of the Hat matrix in bivariate (simple linear) regression
Having shown my students the geometric interpretation of what the Hat matrix does, I had one student who came stuck after trying to get the picture in his head for the case of a bivariate regression – I could see how he was thinking – and I am sure he is not the only one who gets stuck with this. So let me share with you his question, and resolve it.
Properties of the Hat matrix with proofs
The hat matrix (projection matrix in econometrics) is an orthogonal projection.
Hat matrix is an orthogonal projection
I have yet to explain the difference between a projection, and an orthogonal projection, and this is something I do now. We are interested only in orthogonal projections, not any old projection. I shall explain: difference between these 2 projections; linear algebra properties of these 2 projectionsintuitively why is a projection matrix idempotent? All this is explained using the Hat matrix.
Projection and orthogonal projections
A matrix is a projection matrix if and only if it is idempotent; a matrix is an orthogonal projection if and only if it is symmetric and idempotent.
The idempotent property makes any projection matrix positive semi definite. The symmetric property is used in the proof but isn't required as a condition (if I understand correctly) as the symmetric condition is implicit in the quadratic form, by which I mean that in a quadratic form, x'Ax, even if A is not symmetric it may be written equivalently as a quadratic form with a symmetric matrix, namely:
Because of this when we look at quadratic forms, we can just study the cases for symmetric matrices.
How is it that the Hat matrix projects a vector on to the column space spanned by X?
So we know that a projection matrix is a linear transformation that takes a vector and puts it into the space spanned by the column vectors in the matrix. But the Hat matrix is a function of the Xs. So how can we say that the Hat matrix projects a vector onto the column space spanned by the vectors in matrix X? Shouldn't it be that H projects a vector onto the space spanned by the vectors v, where v s are the vectors in the H matrix? This is something I had been puzzled about – and I would have loved to have heard the explanation in my econometrics classes – something that never happened. (Closest I got to an explanation was in my 2nd year linear algebra class). Sit back and watch while I tell you one of my favourite stories.