fixation - definition and synonyms
noun [countable/uncountable]
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 1. 1
 a very strong interest in something that prevents you from paying attention to anything else
 Doug has a fixation with sports cars.
 fixation about:
 She seems to have a fixation about someone called Tony.
 2. 2
 in psychology, a mental condition in which someone's feelings about sex have not developed normally because they loved someone or something a lot as a child


text:
Coaching Manitoba has announced they will be offering an Introduction to Competition A Course on June 15-16, 2018.
The course consist of the following aspects:
- Planning a Practice
- Make Ethical Decisions
Introduction to Competition A
The ICA course consists of three modules: Planning a Practice, Nutrition and Make Ethical Decisions.
Planning a Practice
The Planning a Practice module will give you the skills to:
- organize a well-structured practice plan with safe, age-appropriate activities you've designed to match the proficiency level of participants;
- identify potential risk factors that could impact the sport and practice activities;
- create an emergency action plan; and
- identify practice goals and design activities that offer the best training benefits for the athletic skills required in your sport.
After taking the Nutrition module you will be able to:
- determine if foods and beverages consumed by your athletes before, during and after training are adequate;
- offer suggestions for more suitable food and beverage alternatives when necessary;
- gain a better understanding of the best way to promote healthy food choices that are consistent with basic sport nutrition principles to both athletes and their parents.
Make Ethical Decisions
By successfully completing the Make Ethical Decisions workshop you will be fully equipped to handle virtually any ethical situation with confidence and surety. MED is one of the NCCP's cornerstone workshops, and leaves coaches with no doubt as to what to do when the going gets tough. Upon completing the MED module you'll be able to:
- analyze a challenging situation and determine if it has moral, legal or ethical implications;
- apply the NCCP Ethical Decision-Making Model to properly respond to each situation in a way that is consistent with the NCCP Code of Ethic.
Sport for Life Centre
145 Pacific Avenue
Winnipeg, MB R3B 2Z6
For more information and to register: _URL_

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Jonathan Stein Jonathan Stein - 8 months ago 49
Python Question
Are objects erased from memory when a function finishes? Python
Say there is
class thing(object):
def __init__(self):
self.text = "foo"
def bar():
obj = thing()
_TAG_ something with the object
Is obj deleted from memory after bar() finishes, or is it still in memory, just can't be accessed since it is a local variable of bar? (This assumes obj is not put into a global or external container such as a dictionary or list, of course).
The object obj references will be deleted when the function exits.
That's because CPython (the default Python implementation) uses reference counting to track object lifetimes. obj is a local variable and only exists for the duration of the function. thing() is an instance with just one reference, obj, and when obj is cleaned up, the reference count drops to 0 and thing() is immediately deleted.
If you are using PyPy, IronPython, Jython or some other implementation, object destruction can be delayed as implementations are free to use different garbage collection schemes. This is only important for implementing a __del__ method, as their invocation can be delayed.
I recommend you read the excellent Facts and myths about Python names and values if you want to know more about how Python names work.


text:
Giovanni Antonio Scopoli (June 3, 1723 - May 8, 1788) was an Italian-Austrian physician and naturalist.
Scopoli was born at Cavalese in the Val di Fiemme, the son of a lawyer. He obtained a degree in medicine at University of Innsbruck, and practiced as a doctor in Cavalese and Venice. Much of his time was spent collecting plants and insects in the Alps. He spent two years as private secretary to the Count of Seckan, and then was appointed as physician of the mines in Idrija, a small village in Slovenia, remaining there for sixteen years. In 1761 he published De Hydroargyro Idriensi Tentamina on the symptoms of mercury poisoning among miners.
Scopoli spent time studying the local natural history, publishing Flora Carniolica (1760) as well as a major work on entomology. He also published Anni Historico-Naturales (1769-72), which included descriptions of new birds from various collections.
In 1769 Scopoli was appointed a senior lecturer at Mining Academy at Chemnitz, and in 1777 transferred to the University of Pavia. His last work was Deliciae Flora et Fauna Insubricae (1786-88), which included scientific names for birds and mammals described by Pierre Sonnerat in the accounts of his voyages.
The drug Scopolamine is named after him. The standard botanical author abbreviation Scop. is applied to species he described.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Take the 2-minute tour ×
I'm taking an algorithm course at the university, and for one of my projects I want to implement a red-black tree in C# (the implementation itself isn't the project, yet just something i decided to choose to help me out).
My red-black tree should hold string keys, and the object i created for each node looks like this :
class sRbTreeNode
 public sRbTreeNode Parent = null;
 public sRbTreeNode Right = null;
 public sRbTreeNode Left = null;
 public String Color;
 public String Key;
 public sRbTreeNode()
 public sRbTreeNode(String key)
 Key = key;
I already added some basic methods for printing the tree, finding the root, min/max key (by alphabet), etc...
I'm having trouble inserting nodes (hence, building the tree). Whoever's familiar with red-black trees knows that when adding a node to one side, you could have changed the balance of the tree. To fix this, you need to "rotate" around nodes on the tree in order to balance the tree out.
I wrote a RightRotate and LeftRotate method in pseudo-code, and then when i tried to implement it in C#, i ran into a bunch of reference problems with the sRbTreeNode object i created.
This is the pseudo-code I wrote for the LeftRotate method :
LeftRotate(root, node)
 y <- node.Right;
 node.Right <- y.Left;
 if (y.Left!= null)
 y.Left.Parent <- node;
 y.Parent <- node.Parent;
 if (node.Parent = null)
 root <- y;
 if (node = node.Parent.Left)
 node.Parent.Left = y;
 node.Parent.Right = y;
 y.Left <- node;
 node.Parent <- y
I received a suggestion to implement it straight forward, but without using the'ref' keyword, which i tried at first. This is how i did it :
public static void LeftRotate(sRbTreeNode root, sRbTreeNode node)
 sRbTreeNode y = node.Right;
 node.Right = y.Left;
 if (y.Left!= null)
 y.Left.Parent = node;
 y.Parent = node.Parent;
 if (node.Parent == null)
 root = y;
 if (node == node.Parent.Left)
 node.Parent.Left = y;
 node.Parent.Right = y;
 y.Left = node;
 node.Parent = y;
Now, when i debug, i see that it works fine, but the objects i pass to this method are only rotated within the scope of the method. When it leaves this method, it seems like there was no change to the actual nodes. That is why i thought of using the'ref' keywords in the first place.
What am i doing wrong?
share|improve this question
As Andras says, show us the code so far and we'll give it a shot. – C. Ross Feb 12 '10 at 13:20
add comment
3 Answers
up vote 2 down vote accepted
Because in the body of your method you do this:
root = y;
you need to pass root in with a ref modifier. node doesn't need one, becausenode itself is never updated to point at a different ndoe..
share|improve this answer
Just tried it, and it finally works!! I can't believe it was that easy, and i didn't realize that!... Thanks a lot! – gillyb Feb 12 '10 at 14:39
add comment
I don't see why you should have had any issues with references - the Left/Right/Parent nodes can be copied just as in this pseudo-code.
You should be able to expand it to C# without too much fuss - unless you're using the'ref' keyword, in which case you could very well get unpredictable results.
Perhaps if you could show the code you've actually written thus far, and we can help debug that.
share|improve this answer
Well, i was trying to use the ref keyword, and i thought that was the right way to do it... I'll try without using ref, and see how it goes, Thanks. – gillyb Feb 12 '10 at 13:24
I just edited the question with the code i tried so far, maybe it will help you help me, since it doesn't fully work, I explained why in the edited question above. – gillyb Feb 12 '10 at 14:27
Well - there you go - _USER_ sorted it for you! – Andras Zoltan Feb 12 '10 at 14:41
add comment
My recommendations:
 - Do not include parent pointers. They are not essential for the insertion or deletion algorithms and will make your code more complex. For example LeftRotate can be written with just one parameter and will be about half as long if you do not use parent pointers.
 - Use an enum for the Color property rather than a string, and initialise it in the constructor.
 - Read this article if you haven't already.
share|improve this answer
I need the parent pointers for something else that has to do with the structure. This will make it much faster to travel along the tree. – gillyb Feb 12 '10 at 13:21
Even if you do need them, it might be easier to implement the algorithms without them first and add them in later. – finnw Feb 12 '10 at 13:43
add comment
Your Answer


text:
New research showing that people who would have got hip or knee surgery six years ago wouldn't get it now reveals how broken our health system is, says Labour's Health Spokesperson Annette King.
"The New Zealand Medical Journal article reveals people in Otago aren't receiving surgery when they need it and they're becoming more disabled by the time they get treatment, if they get treatment at all.
"This follows up earlier research which showed 36 percent of patients recommended for surgery were sent back to their GP without surgery because of a lack of funding.
"Academics are unravelling the spin on National's elective surgery figures and its time the Minister told the truth and admitted the numbers of orthopaedic surgeries are not actually meeting demand.
"It's not a surprise that people are not getting the help required given that this Government has cut $1.7 billion from the health budget over six years.
"It is actually cost effective to give people orthopaedic surgery when they need it instead of making them wait.
"Under Labour there was ring-fenced funding for hip and knee surgery from 2004 – 2008 which led to an increase in the number of performed surgeries. This was so successful the Minister uses Labour's 2008 figures in National's elective numbers.
"It's time the Government significantly increased the health budget and stopped the rationing of hip and knee surgeries, says Annette King.


text:
The 10 Commandments of And How Learn More
2 months ago aebi Comments Off on The 10 Commandments of And How Learn More
In the world of modern architecture and design, rolling doors have gained immense popularity for their practicality, versatility, and aesthetic appeal. Whether in commercial, industrial, or residential settings, these innovative doors offer a range of benefits that make them an excellent choice for various applications. This article delves into the advantages of rolling doors, shedding light on why they have become a preferred solution for many.
One of the most significant advantages of rolling doors is their space-saving design. Unlike traditional swing or hinged doors that require clearance space, rolling doors open and close vertically. This allows you to maximize floor space and utilize areas that might otherwise be rendered unusable. In crowded environments, such as warehouses or garages, this feature becomes invaluable as it enables efficient utilization of available space.
Rolling doors are renowned for their robust security features. Constructed from durable materials like steel or aluminum, these doors provide a formidable barrier against unauthorized access. Many rolling doors are equipped with advanced locking mechanisms, tamper-resistant features, and reinforced tracks, making them an excellent choice for securing valuable assets and properties.
Investing in rolling doors means investing in durability. These doors are built to withstand harsh environmental conditions, heavy usage, and wear and tear. The materials used in their construction, such as galvanized steel or corrosion-resistant aluminum, ensure that they remain functional and visually appealing for years to come. This durability translates into reduced maintenance costs and fewer replacements, providing a cost-effective solution in the long run.
Rolling doors can be customized to suit a wide range of applications. From industrial settings like warehouses, factories, and loading docks to commercial spaces like retail stores and restaurants, and even residential garages, rolling doors offer a versatile solution that caters to diverse needs. Their adaptability to various sizes, styles, and designs makes them an attractive option for architects, designers, and property owners.
In settings where rapid access is essential, rolling doors shine. These doors are designed for swift and smooth operation, allowing for quick openings and closures. In commercial environments with high foot traffic or heavy vehicle movement, the efficiency of rolling doors minimizes delays and optimizes workflow. Rolling doors are no longer limited to industrial or utilitarian settings. Manufacturers offer a wide array of designs, finishes, and colors that can be customized to align with the aesthetic requirements of the space. This flexibility allows rolling doors to seamlessly integrate into various architectural styles, contributing to the overall visual appeal of the environment.
For spaces where noise reduction or temperature control is crucial, insulated rolling doors come to the rescue. These doors are equipped with insulation materials that help regulate indoor temperatures and reduce external noise. This feature is particularly valuable in environments like warehouses, manufacturing facilities, or entertainment venues, where maintaining a comfortable and quiet atmosphere is essential. Rolling doors are engineered for minimal maintenance requirements. With self-lubricating components, rust-resistant coatings, and sturdy construction, these doors typically require only routine checks and occasional cleaning. This translates to reduced downtime and fewer interruptions to daily operations.
Many rolling door manufacturers prioritize eco-friendly practices. Using sustainable materials and designs that promote energy efficiency, these doors contribute to a greener footprint. Energy-efficient insulation and the ability to control airflow also support environmental sustainability by reducing the need for excess heating or cooling. Ultimately, the advantages of rolling doors boil down to convenience. From ease of use to improved security, space optimization to aesthetic enhancement, these doors offer a comprehensive solution that simplifies daily operations and adds value to any space they grace.
In conclusion, the versatility, durability, and array of benefits offered by rolling doors have firmly established them as a preferred choice across industries. Whether you're looking to optimize space, enhance security, or elevate the aesthetics of a space, rolling doors provide a solution that caters to modern needs. As architecture continues to evolve, rolling doors stand as a testament to how practicality and design can harmoniously come together for the benefit of functionality and style.


Re: Difference between and listbox...move?
Posted by Jenny, DelphiLand Team on February 05, 2009
In Reply to Difference between and listbox...move? posted by Lee p12462 on February 04, 2009
: I tried both of these and they "seem" to do the same thing (swap items corresponding to the 2 indexes passed). Is there a subtle difference (I'm sure there is) that I'm missing?
: With a ListBox with 4 unique items, I'm trying:
:,2); or
: Form1.ListBox.Items.move(1,2);
: This swaps the 2nd and 3rd items in the listbox.
In your example, both statements perform exactly the same task, but that's purely "by accident" ;)
Starting from items such as A, B, C, D, both Items.Exchange(1,2) and Items.Move(1,2) give us:
A, C, B, D
But with different item numbers, again starting from A, B, C, D we see after Items.Exchange(1,3):
A, D, C, B
Compare this with starting from A, B, C, D and Items.Move(1,3):
A, C, D, B
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text:
What is the Chartered Mathematics Teacher designation?
The Chartered Mathematics Teacher (CMathTeach) designation reflects the balance between teaching skills (pedagogy) and mathematics knowledge that is necessary for a professional teacher to educate and inspire today's students.
The CMathTeach designation can also:
- Identify you as being at the forefront of your profession.
- Encapsulate standards of professional excellence across mathematics teaching in the 21st century.
- Benchmark you at the same level as a Chartered Mathematician, Chartered Scientist, Chartered Engineer, Chartered Science Teacher etc.
Who awards the CMathTeach designation?
The CMathTeach designation is incorporated within the Royal Charter of the Institute of Mathematics and its Applications and is awarded by the Chartered Mathematics Teacher Registration Authority. The Authority is composed of representatives from the following organisations:
To apply for the CMathTeach designation individuals must be a member of at least one of the above organisations and also satisfy the requirements in the following four areas:
- Continuing Professional Development
Full details of the designation requirements


text: A wide-area time authentication algorithm is proposed to compute the Global Positioning System (GPS) timing that is resilient against spoofing attacks. The considered widearea network consists of multiple GPS receiving systems, each comprising of the innovative distributed multiple directional antennas (DMDA) setup triggered via a common clock. Based on the communication infrastructure of the grid, the single-difference pseudorange residuals across the antennas are processed using the wide-area belief propagation-based extended Kalman filter (BP-EKF) algorithm in a distributed manner. To detect spoofing, a KL-divergence-based threshold is used to estimate the dissimilarity in the antenna-specific timing errors. Thereafter, the pseudoranges are corrected using the BP estimates of timing error and processed via adaptive EKF to compute the GPS timing, which is given to the phasor measurement units (PMUs). We have demonstrated the successfully detection and mitigation of the external timing attack, by subjecting one receiving system to a simulated meaconing attack that induces a 60 micro second time delay. Thereafter, by analyzing the voltage stability index of a critical node in the simulated grid, we have also validated the compliance of the proposed wide-area BP-EKF estimated timing with the IEEE-C37.118 standards.


Monthly Archives: August 2019
What is fulgurite?
Lightning is an atmospheric discharge of electricity that is five times hotter than the surface of the sun. When lightning strikes the ground, it is hot enough to fuse silica sand and clay together into fulgurites: shafts of glass produced … Continue reading
Category: Phenomena
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Do storms impact Arctic sea ice?
Category: Meteorology, Seasons
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What is warm rain?
Category: Meteorology, Tropical
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Why are there so few hurricanes every year?
We are about five weeks away from the climatological peak of the hurricane season, which stretches from early June to November.
During that period, even in a particularly active year, not many hurricanes actually develop. Forming over tropical oceans ensures that warm sea-surface temperature (SST) provides a mature hurricane with a means to warm and moisten the air that flows toward the important eye-wall convection. Thus, it is not surprising that hurricanes struggle to develop if the SST is not 79.7 degrees or warmer. Continue reading
Category: Severe Weather, Tropical
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text: When grouped together, radiocarbon determinations from heat-retainer hearths from western New South Wales decrease in frequency with age. One interpretation for this pattern is that it reflects an increase in the frequency of occupation, and perhaps ultimately an increase in Aboriginal populations in this region during the late Holocene. An alternative explanation is that the increase in frequency reflects the differential preservation of the land surfaces on which the hearths are found. According to this explanation, the pre-servation of ancient surfaces itself decreases with time, with the destruction of ancient records of occupation accounting for the relatively recent skew in the age distribution of heat-retainer hearths. We test these hypotheses by comparing the distribution of hearth radiocarbon ages against the distribution of ages obtained from samples associated with buried human remains from western New South Wales. Samples obtained by excavating buried deposits should not be subject to the same range of erosion processes that have affected surface deposits. Therefore the samples from buried deposits are able to act as a control against which the distribution of hearth ages can be evaluated. Results indicate that age estimates obtained from human burials have a distribution different from those obtained from hearths, supporting the conclusion that the decrease in hearth frequency with age is a product of geomorphic preservation rather than cultural change.


text:
|Sapphire boule. |
This is a "flame fusion" sapphire crystal boule, such as might be used to create synthetic cut gemstones. Flame fusion means a fine powder of aluminum oxide (the base material sapphires are made of) is blown through an extremely hot flame and onto a seed crystal. The molten droplets, somewhat amazingly, follow the pattern of the seed crystal and slowly accumulate into a large, single crystal of sapphire.
The slight pink cast in this boule comes from a 1% impurity of titanium. Impurities determine the colors of most gemstones, and are, for example, responsible for the difference between rubies and sapphires, both of which are made of aluminum oxide.
Source: SoCal (Nevada), Inc
Contributor: Theodore Gray
Acquired: 28 April, 2004


text:
This ethnographic photography exhibition by Amy Masko, Assistant Professor of English at Grand Valley State University, is the result of her research project investigating the life of Nana Otu, a young Fraanketanyi, and a flag dancer in Asafo No. 1 Company in Cape Coast Ghana. Historically the Asafos served as militia groups. Today the groups perform exclusively as part of spiritual rituals.
The photographs illustrate the life of the Asafo. The exhibit highlights the Fetu Afeye Festival, a harvest festival held in Cape Coast every August. The Asafo play a significant role in this festival, holding spiritual rituals to bless the lagoon for bountiful fishing, burning cleansing fires to clear negative spirits, and holding drumming rituals to communicate with the ancestors.
Art Gallery, _PHONE_


Queen's Counsel
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Queen's Counsel (postnominal QC), during the reign of a male sovereign known as King's Counsel (KC), are senior lawyers in various Commonwealth countries.
They are appointed by letters patent to be one of "Her Majesty's Counsel learned in the law". They are not a separate type of lawyer. They are more than long serving lawyers, because their status is given by the Crown and recognised by the courts.
Queen's Counsel have the privilege of sitting within the Bar of court, and wear silk gowns of a special design (hence the informal title Silks). The special robes are the reason why becoming a QC is often called "taking silk".
In order to "take silk" a lawyer usually has to serve as a barrister or a Scottish advocate for at least 10 years. Recently solicitors have also been appointed Queen's Counsel.
A QC's status means they generally charge higher fees than ordinary barristers, and always have another barrister as an assistant. This assistant is called a "junior" even if the junior has been a lawyer longer than the "silk".


From CIPedia
Revision as of 20:38, 22 January 2017 by Eluiijf (talk | contribs)
Jump to navigation Jump to search
European Definitions
CBRNE is an acronym which includes beside CBRN, explosive substances or events. [1]
National Definitions
Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear and Explosives (CBRNE): The expansion of the term CBRN to incorporate certain high-yield explosives (E) into the broader term CBRNE signifies the new reality of this threat due to the weaponization of hazardous and dangerous goods. [2]
Lyhenteet CBRNE ja CBRN tulevat englanninkielisistä sanoista chemical (kemiallinen), biological (biologinen), radiological (säteily), nuclear (ydin-) ja explosive (räjähtävä, räjähde). [3]
United Kingdom
A term used to describe Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear and Explosive materials. CBRNE terrorism is the actual or threatened dispersal of CBRN material (either on their own or in combination with each other or with explosives), with deliberate criminal, malicious or murderous intent. [4]
See also


text:
Three types of online appointment schedules: which one should I choose?
The first choice to make when setting up your new SuperSaaS schedule is which type of online appointment schedule you will select when you click on the New Schedule page. SuperSaaS offers three types of schedule to cater for different uses, situations or businesses.
The three schedule types are known as the Capacity schedule, Resource schedule, and Service schedule. In some ways, they overlap in what they can do, and for some applications more than one will work. You will get the best experience if you know which schedule type is appropriate for your situation.
Use a Capacity schedule for group events
How many people should be able to sign up for your event? If the answer is more than one, then it is likely that a capacity schedule will be most suitable.
Examples of group events where a capacity schedule would work best:
- Students signing up for a class
- Attendees registering for a conference or workshop
Examples of situations where a capacity schedule would not work so well and a resource schedule or service schedule should be used instead:
- Making an appointment with a consultant (only one user at a time)
- A spa with multiple therapists (clients book simultaneous appointments, but not with the same therapist)
- A boat rental service with multiple boats (people will want to rent at different times)
The Resource schedule works well in most other cases
The distinction between a resource schedule and service schedule lies primarily in the booking process. A resource schedule is organized around individual people or objects. Resources can be consultants, teachers, boats, meeting rooms, or other items that can only be used for single bookings. In other words, the resource can be booked once for a particular time slot. The schedule shows the resource's availability and the user picks an available spot.
By comparison, a service schedule can be used for offering services in which more than one resource may be selected. The user first has to select a service (e.g. a lesson, a ride, a haircut). After selecting a service, the schedule will show all the spots that have the resources (specific teachers, riding instructors or hair stylists) available that are needed for that service.
We recommend that you start with a resource schedule. A resource schedule will work in most scenarios, although sometimes a service-oriented process will fit better. The resource schedule should contain all the scarce resources that are involved in the booking process. For example, scarce resources could be therapists, rooms, boats, pool tables, etc. If you are setting up a calendar to allow people to schedule an appointment with you, then you would be the scarce resource.
Don't include resources that are not limited or will easily be available for each booking. For example, if an appointment needs a meeting room, but there's always a meeting room available, there is no point in including it.
The Service schedule has a few unique abilities
The service schedule's main benefit is that it can take into account the availability of resources in other schedules. If your service depends on a number of resources being available, the service schedule checks when all the required resources (objects and/or people) are available so that the user can make a booking. Note that where the resource schedule allows users to create appointments of arbitrary length and/or create repeating appointments, the service schedule lacks such ability.
Examples of where a service schedule would be needed:
- Multiple resources are required for one booking. For example: a booking for a treatment requires that both a room and a therapist are available.
- Different services require different resources. For example: a certain treatment can only be performed by one specific doctor.
To define a service that uses multiple resources, you first need to define those resources in a resource schedule.
Combining several schedules
If your service schedule is linked to multiple resource schedules, you combine the various calendars to solve more complex booking needs.
For example, a wellness spa may have two therapists and each one can provide specific treatments in specific rooms. You can specify that a service needs "Therapist 1" Or "Therapist 2" And "Room 1". It is not necessary for Therapist 1 and Therapist 2 to be in the same schedule, therefore making it possible that each Therapist can sync their own Google Calendar availability. For more advanced applications see the chapter on combining schedules.
Which schedule type works best for your needs?
Since you can create and delete as many schedules as you like, there is no harm in trying out several types and discarding unused ones later on. Everything but the schedule's type can be changed afterwards. You can try an example of each schedule type in the demo section. You might also find the tutorials for the different types helpful.
|Use case||Schedule type|
|Students signing up for classes||Capacity|
|Participants signing up for an event||Capacity|
|Employees booking meeting rooms||Resource|
|Users selecting the length of appointments||Resource|
|Showing availability for your bed & breakfast||Resource|
|Booking both a projector and a room||Service|
|Illustrating each service with pictures||Service|
|Combining and linking several schedules||Service|
The SuperSaaS system offers a lot of flexibility when it comes to configuring your reservation process. Here are four tips for configuring your schedule for specific requirements.
On a resource and a service schedule, your users can create a reservation anywhere, except where you tell them not to. In other words, by default, the entire schedule is available for bookings, unless you block a spot. On a capacity schedule, it is the other way around: users can only book where you have created an available slot. If you want people to select from just a few available dates, then you could use a capacity schedule with a maximum of 1 per slot instead. This may be easier than blocking off all unavailable dates on a resource or service schedule.
Stand-alone service schedule
You can define a service that is not connected to any resource. If there are no resource requirements, in theory an unlimited number of appointments can be made at the same time, which is rarely useful. For this reason the service schedule can be configured to prohibit overlapping appointments, in effect acting as a resource schedule with a single resource. This provides a convenient shortcut if you have a single resource and want to use the service schedule, for example because its calendar format works better for your purpose.
Pooled resources, presented as a single entity
A service schedule can be used to present a group of resources as a single entity. This is useful, for example, if you have 20 identical pieces of equipment for rent and you don't want the customer to select a particular one. You have the option to give out equipment randomly, or indicate an order and give out the first one available. You can find a detailed explanation on the page about combining schedules.
Single resource, presented as multiple entities
Conversely, two or more service schedules can be used to represent a single resource as different entities. An example is where one schedule shows to members of a club and another to walk-in customers. Members could be allowed to book at a lower price or longer in advance than regular customers. Another example would be for a consultant who works for different clients across multiple locations. She can provide each location with a schedule tailored to that particular client, while still ensuring she does not get double booked.


The tooltip of the Mint says
0,007 mintEffect
But what does that mean?
Per Brilliand's answer in this question, Mints give a certain amount of furs and ivory per tick in exchange for a cost in gold and catpower.
The reason it doesn't just say "x.xx furs per second" or something like that is because the amount of furs and ivory gained is based on your maximum catpower, rather than being a particular amount. Thus, you get a certain amount of "mintEffect" which then translates through your maximum catpower and becomes ivory and furs. The linked question includes the exact amounts (and the points that mints become a more effective use of catpower than manual hunting, although you'll likely still be best served doing both).
Your Answer


text:
Many of you are using PowerArchiver to conveniently encrypt and send files to your colleagues and partners. In fact, with various government legislations around the world (GDPR in EU, FIPS 140-2 requirements in the USA), you more than likely to be required to do so.
PowerArchiver has FIPS 140-2 validated encryption in ZIP format. It is the safest way to send encrypted files, as your recipient will more than likely have a zip utility that will open it. There is no alternative to exchanging data with coworkers and business partners while remaining GDPR and FIPS 140-2 compliant. There are various methods to encrypt files in PowerArchiver, so here we made a small guide to show you two easiest ways.
Encrypt files to ZIP format via PowerArchiver:
Encrypt files to ZIP format via Explorer shell extensions:
These two methods are the most convenient methods to encrypt your files and send them to others, or store them. Doing so, you will satisfy GDPR legal requirements for storing customer data, as well as the White House executive order for using FIPS 140-2 validated methods to store customer data (make sure you turn FIPS 140-2 mode on).


00:00 in the caption file aligns with the first frame of your sequence, no matter what time code the sequence starts at, I.e. the caption file time codes are not linked to the sequence time codes. See this diagram for a visual explanation.
 If your FCP sequence starts at 00:59:50:00 and the first caption is supposed to appear at 01:00:01:00, the first caption time in MacCaption should be 00:00:11:00, because the caption appears 11:00 seconds after the first frame of the sequence. If you incorrectly set the caption time code at 01:00:01:00 in MacCaption, the first caption will not appear until 01:59:51:00!
 The easiest way to work around this issue is to make sure your proxy/reference movie (for time stamping) includes the whole sequence from the very first frame (including any leaders which are on the timeline), and that the Movie Time in MacCaption/CaptionMaker is set to start at 00:00:00:00. This will ensure that everything syncs up both in MacCaption and in FCP.
 Another way to work with this in MacCaption is to have your Movie Time start at the FCP sequence start time (e.g. 01:00:00:00), and also have the captions match up with this movie time (e.g. first dialog in movie is at 01:00:01:00, and the first caption is at 01:00:01:00). In this case, when you export the QuickTime CC track, you MUST enable the checkbox called "Use Movie Time to position captions at 00:00:00:00". That checkbox should always be checked if the captions are timed relative to the movie's time code track instead of relative to 00:00:00:00.
 Note that the FCP generated leader options in the Edit to Tape/Print to Video dialog (such as FCP's bars & tone, countdown, etc.) DO NOT count towards the sequence time code. The caption track will start when the actual sequence starts to play. However, any bars/leaders/etc. which are in the sequence DO count towards the sequence time code.
 One more note about FCP: If the caption file is shorter in duration than the sequence, FCP will start to loop the captions from the beginning when it reaches the end of the caption file. This sometimes shows up as the first captions from the start of the movie start playing during the ending credits or during the tail after the movie. If you did not caption anything during the credits, the last caption in your project ends before the FCP sequence does, so the captions start to loop. The solution is simple: The caption file must be longer (or at least just as long) as the FCP sequence. You can fix this by putting a blank caption at the end of your project, and make sure that blank caption's time is at or after the end of the FCP sequence.
 - My first caption was cut off or appears late.
 Pop-on captions need a few seconds to pre-load the data before the caption actually appears. If you have a caption that starts very close to the start of the program or a cut point, the data for that caption might get cut off and the caption won't appear. See the "lowest limit" feature in the manual for more information. The workaround is to either set the lowest limit, or make the first caption in paint-on mode (which requires far less time to pre-load a caption).
 - Transcription issues: How to do it, speech recognition options, etc.
 There is no special trick to transcription. It is by far the most time-consuming aspect of the closed captioning/subtitling process. But, there are methods that ensure that you are transcribing in the most efficient way possible. Below are a few methods to transcribe a video.
 Use a Video File
 If you are not already doing so, make sure that you are using a video file, and not videotape, as your video source. Trying to transcribe from a tape can wear out your tape deck, and you'll spend too much time starting and stopping the tape.
 USB Foot Pedal
 A very popular tool for transcribing is a USB Foot Pedal. The VPedal is a tool that allows you to control QuickTime, Windows Media Video, and a number of other types of digital media. You can start, stop, rewind, and fast-forward your digital video with your foot, while typing directly into your word processor. What makes the foot pedal method so efficient is that you never have to take your hands off the keyboard. Eventually, you're able to get into a rhythm with your hands and foot so that you are constantly typing.
 Speech Recognition Software
 Speech Recognition Software has advanced greatly in the past few years, and has become a reliable transcription tool. The transcription method using speech-recognition employs "shadow speaking", whereby the user repeats what he or she hears in the video into a microphone. Before you use any type of speech-recognition software, such as Dragon Naturally Speaking or MacSpeech, you'll need to train with the software. This usually consists of reading stories provided by the software. After you've read a story, the software analyzes your voice and compares it to the text in the story. You'll also need to practice the technique of shadow speaking, which isn't difficult but takes time to get good at.
 At this time, there is no technology that can reliably take a video or audio file and automatically transcribe all of the text without human intervention. Speaker-independent speech recognition systems typically achieve around 60-70% accuracy, whereas 90-95% accuracy is the minimum for closed captioning.
 Transcription Service
 Often, it is more cost-effective to simply pay a service to transcribe your material. Transcription is faster and much less expensive than farming out the whole captioning process, so you can still save time and money by doing the captioning steps in-house. There are many online services that allow you to upload an.mp3 and they will provide you with a text transcription within a day. Ideally, you should be able to find a local individual whom you can trust for quick and accurate transcription.
 - How do I monitor my HD captions?
 See this white paper about the different options for monitoring HD closed captions. Basically, you can't monitor HD captions via HDMI or component outputs. The only baseband HD video that carries closed captions is HD-SDI. Also, most devices (except for the Matrox MXO2 and AJA FS-1) do not preserve the captions when down-converting HD to SD. You need an HD-SDI device that can decode HD (CEA-708) captions. Not all monitoring devices follow the complete CEA-708 spec, so the captions may not always appear exactly as intended.
 - How do I down-convert HD video with captions to SD without losing the captions?
 Only a few hardware devices (such as the Matrox MXO2 and the AJA FS-1) can preserve the closed captioning when down/up-converting a video. For other devices, you must use a separate workflow or separate output step to create the SD video with closed captions. For example, if you have a HD sequence in FCP, you can render this into a SD sequence and then use the SD captioning workflow. Or, you can print to SD tape (taking advantage of hardware down-convert), then capture SD back in and caption it using the SD workflow.
 See the AJA / Blackmagic / Matrox workflow pages for more info.
 - My Sony HD deck won't record HD video with closed captions.
 By default, most Sony HD decks are factory set to not record VANC Line 9 where the HD closed captions are stored. You must go into the deck setup or maintenance menu and look for the "VANC Packet RX" setting. This should be set to: VANC Line 9, DID 61, SDID 01. The exact menu depends on your deck. See this page for some of the settings we know, or please contact Sony for more information.
 XDCAM EX (solid state) and HDV decks do not support closed captioning.
 - My.CAP file is not working.
 Several different kinds of files have the same extension of.CAP. If the file isn't working then you are probably trying to import or export the wrong type. If you drag & drop the file into the text area, the software will automatically determine the right file type to import.
 If you need to export a.cap but you don't know what kind, try to determine if the file is supposed to be a CaptionMaker project file (.cap), Cheetah caption file (.cap), or NCI caption file (.cap). There are some other rare.cap formats as well.
 CaptionMaker.cap files are opened/saved in CaptionMaker using the File > Open and Save commands, whereas the other types are imported/exported using the File > Import and Export commands.
 MacCaption cannot open CaptionMaker.cap project files, but it can open the other types of.cap files. To move projects between the two platforms, we recommend using the Ultech.ult import/export for caption files, or the DVDSP.stl import/export for subtitle files. So if you have a CaptionMaker.cap file, open it in CaptionMaker (you can use your MacCaption dongle to run CaptionMaker and vice versa), and then export the captions as a Ultech.ult file to import into MacCaption


text:
verb (used with object), de·mor·al·ized, de·mor·al·iz·ing.
- to deprive (a person or persons) of spirit, courage, discipline, etc.; destroy the morale of: The continuous barrage demoralized the infantry.
- to throw (a person) into disorder or confusion; bewilder: We were so demoralized by that one wrong turn that we were lost for hours.
- to corrupt or undermine the morals of.
- to undermine the morale of; disheartenhe was demoralized by his defeat
- to debase morally; corrupt
- to throw into confusion
c.1793, "to corrupt the morals of," from French démoraliser, from de- "remove" (see de-) + moral (adj.) (see moral). Said to be a coinage of the French Revolution. Sense of "lower the morale of" (especially of armies) is first recorded 1848. Related: Demoralized; demoralizing.


text:
A reader writes:
First, I very much enjoy your blog. I hope you can keep at it for long time. Now, my question concerns what is the proper way to dispose of religious objects such worn out bibles, tarnished or worn crucifixes, old prayer cards, broken rosaries, religious pamphlets, etc.? Some of my coworkers and I had a discussion today about what to do with them. One person couldn't bring himself to dispose of them in the trash out of respect. Another felt that broken or worn items could be thrown out without any guilt. Can you help us out? We all want to do the right thing.
The disposition of this type of religious object is not something that is regulated by canon law. Consequently, there is not a canonical "right answer" here.
Catholic doctrine also does not treat the subject in any detail, and thus there is no doctrinal "right answer" beyond the general axiom that a religious object should be treated with the reverence that is due it. The question is: How much reverence is that?
It is difficult to give a definite answer, but there are certain levels of reverence that would clearly be wrong. For example:
1) So little reverence that we commit actual sacrilege with the items (e.g., using them as part of a Black Mass)
2) So much reverence that we can never get rid of them and have to squirrel them away when they can no longer be used.
The correct answer falls somewhere between these two extremes, and it is likely to vary from one object to another. Indeed, a pious custom of many Catholics is to distinguish between those objects that have been blessed and those that have not. This appears to be a useful division in that in the case of blessed objects, the Church has in at least a minor way consecrated the item to sacred use, while in the latter case it has not. It thus would make sense to show more reverence in the disposition of a blessed object than an unblessed one.
Correspondingly, a common pious custom is to dispose of blessed objects by either burning them (if they are flammable) or burying them (if they are not). In the former case, the object is destroyed, thus removing its blessing, and the ashes (or other remains) can simply be thrown away.
In the case of objects that were never blessed (or that have been destroyed, removing their blessing), this custom holds that they can simply be thrown away like any other non-blessed object.
As indicated, this is a pious custom and not a matter of law or doctrine, so individual consciences may vary without there being sin. If one person feels comfortable disposing of a religious object in a way that happens to be different than my preferred way of doing it, I would not on that account tell him he's doing anything wrong. If the Church wanted to mandate ways of doing this, it would.
The key thing is not the physical manner of disposing of these objects but the fact that one is doing so with a right heart. If one "reverently throws away" something then his heart is displaying reverence, which is the important thing. What physical act is used to express this reverence is not what is at issue--be it burning or burial or even if there is no outward act but simply a grateful recognition of the role God has allowed the object to play in one's religious life.


Scrapbooking with Sea Glass and Netting
Create a nautical theme by embellishing scrapbook pages with sea glass and coastal netting.
Coastal Netting Pockets
Coastal netting is fine, loosely woven hemp that's very versatile. It's available in a variety of colors and adds a natural, textural accent to scrapbook pages. You can fashion it into pockets for displaying special greeting cards, postcards, brochures, maps or other memorabilia. Here's how to make them:
Materials and Tools:
coastal netting (or any type of netlike fiber)
¼-inch-wide double-sided scrapbook tape
card stock
glitter or embossing powder (optional)
1. Apply scrapbook tape along the bottom edge of the cardstock, allowing the protective cover to remain.
2. Apply two strips of scrapbook tape to the back of the card stock to secure the ends of the netting.
3. Cut a length of netting and press it to the tape on the front of the card stock to secure.
4. Fold the netting over the card stock and adhere the ends to tape on the back of the card stock.
5. Sprinkle glitter or embossing powder over the bottom edge of netting to cover any exposed adhesive, if desired.
Sea Glass Mosaics
Sea glass, aka beach glass, is a popular scrapbook embellishment. Besides simply decorating pages with it, you can use an engraver to carve title letters into the surfaces of pieces. Here's how to work with it:
Materials and Tools:
sea glass
1-inch-wide double-sided scrapbook tape
card stock
engraver (optional)
1. Cover one side of sea glass with scrapbook tape and trim it even with the edge of the sea glass. Note: Be sure the entire surface is covered with tape, or it will show through.
2. Arrange the sea glass into a mosaic pattern on the page, or use them for a page title, engraving letters into the pieces with an engraver.
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Felted Wool Cat Pencil Toppers for Halloween
A few quick stitches are all it takes to sew these cute cat pencil toppers for Halloween.
What You'll Need
The Cat Pack
 - Scraps of felted wool (Choose different colors for the face, eyes, and nose.)
 - Freezer paper
 - Pencil for tracing
 - Perle cotton or wool thread (in black and orange)
 - Fiberfill
 - Unsharpened pencil
 - Ribbon
How to Make It
 1. Download our free cat template.
 2. To felt wool, machine-wash it in a hot-water wash, cool-rinse cycle with a small amount of detergent; machine-dry and steam press.
 3. Lay the freezer paper, shiny side down, over the pattern. With a pencil, trace two head shapes, two eyes, and a nose. Cut out the freezer-paper shapes.
 4. Using a hot, dry iron, press the freezer-paper shapes onto your fabrics (use different colors for cat face, eyes, and mouth); let cool. Cut out the fabric shapes. Peel off the freezer paper.
 5. Position the eyes and nose on the cat face. Use the black perle cotton to blanket-stitch each eye in place. Use the black perle cotton to make a French knot in the center of each eye for the pupil.
 6. Use the orange perle cotton to blanket-stitch the nose in place.
 7. Straight-stitch the whiskers and ear marking (as shown in the photo).
 8. Place the appliqued cat face on top of a plain head shape with the wrong sides facing togehter; baste, leaving an opening at the bottom.
 9. Using the orange perle cotton, blanket-stitch around the cat face. Stuff with fiberfill, then place the cat head on the eraser end of an unsharpened pencil. Tie a ribbon around the pencil underneath the cat head.


text: Nanometer-thick liquid lubricant films are useful for the lubrication of miniaturized mechanical systems, such as hard disk drives or microelectromechanical systems. However, there are no established methods for measuring the mechanical properties of such thin films, which can be an obstacle to the optimal design of lubrication systems. We previously developed a highly sensitive method for measuring shear forces, which we called the fiber-wobbling method (FWM). In the FWM, we used a ball-ended optical fiber to probe shear and we measured the friction force acting on the probe tip by detecting the deflection of the fiber. By this means we succeeded in measuring friction forces in nanometer-thick liquid lubricant films. However, we could not evaluate the mechanical properties of the films quantitatively because the contact area between the probe tip and lubricant film was unknown. Here, we developed a method for measuring the contact area during shearing of nanometer-thick liquid lubricant films in the FWM.


text:
Interdisciplinary Working Groups
With the founding of the first Interdisciplinary Working Group in 1986, the Johannes Gutenberg University created a new funding instrument for interdisciplinary collaboration in individual fields of research. The centres are established by the Senate, with a reservation of appraisal, for a certain period, and provided with €2,500 per year.
Interdisciplinary working groups serve, among other things, as nuclei for the formation of larger structures and for the creation of a critical mass, in order to find an increased echo among external funding sources.
At present Faculty 08 is involved in the following Interdisciplinary Working Groups:


Approval cutoff
The approval cutoff, approval threshold or neutral preference level is an option that may be used with a ranked ballot. It allows the collection of the information necessary to create an Approval ballot. Note that the concept of an approval threshold can also be used in a theoretical sense[1] i.e. if a voter is deciding who to vote for in Approval voting, they may do so by thinking about their ranked preferences and mentally deciding who their least-preferred candidate is that they consider acceptable.
Specifying a neutral preference level indicates that candidates above a certain rank have positive preference, while candidates below that rank have negative preference. Positive preference is equivalent to an approval vote, while negative preference receives no approval vote.
Sometimes candidates at the approval threshold are also considered approved, instead of being treated neutrally. There may be a loose terminological tendency to use "approval cutoff" to indicate the neutral preference level option, and "approval threshold" to indicate this option.
When a method uses a ranked ballot with approval cutoff, the usual procedure is that the neutral preference level is set below all ranked candidates, and above unranked candidates.
A voter can set the approval cutoff above the default level by ranking an extra "Neutral Preference" candidate.
A voter may decide to set the neutral preference level between some ranked candidates in order to indicate that
 - among the non-approved candidates, some are more preferred than others.
 - the ranking of candidates above and below the line is not as important as having a candidate above the line defeat all candidates below the line.
It is also possible to consider fractional approval thresholds i.e. one threshold which gives candidates 100% approval, a second threshold that gives them 90%, etc. Thesr thresholds would be consecutive, so for example, a voter giving their 2nd choice 100% approval but their 4th choice 90% approval would also give their 3rd choice 90% approval. This would allow the collection of rated ballot information.
The approval threshold is usually indicated with a |, which can be visually highlighted by putting space after it. Example:
30: A>B| >C>D>E
This means 30 voters approve both A and B, but not C, D, and E.
Another way to implement the approval threshold in practice would be to let voters mark approval of the candidates directly (similar to Approval voting) alongside their rankings, and then for whichever of the approved candidates the voter ranked lowest, all candidates ranked equal to or higher than that candidate are also considered approved.
A preference-approval is a preference order that combines preference with approval. It can contain either weak or strong preferences. A complete preference-approval is a total preference order.
Rationality RestrictionsEdit
Here are some rationality restrictions on preference-approvals. Suppose there exists two alternatives, x and y:
1) If a given voter prefers x over y, and approves y, then she must approve x.
2) If a given voter prefers x over y, and does not approve x, then she must not approve y.
3) If a given voter is indifferent between x and y, and approves x, then she must approve y.
4) If a given voter is indifferent between x and y, and does not approve x, then she must not approve y.[clarification needed]
Note that these same restrictions can be applied to rated ballots or fractional/weighted approval thresholds i.e. a voter who prefers one candidate more than or equally to another must give the first candidate at least as high a score or degree of support as the second. The KP transform can be used to model this in terms of Approval ballots.
He are some expressions of preference-approvals and translations into natural language:
|x>y: "The voter prefers x over y, but approves neither." |x=y: "The voter is indifferent between x and y, but approves neither."
x|y: "The voter prefers x over y, but only approves x."
x>y|: "The voter prefers x over y, but approves both."
Steven Brams and Peter Fishburn used preference-approvals in their book "Approval Voting" in 1983, though it probably was used before then.
There are 2, 8, 44, 308,... different preference-approvals for 1, 2, 3, 4,... candidates (Sloan's A005649).
Total preference orderEdit
A total preference order is a complete preference-approval. In other words, it is a preference-approval that contains all alternatives competing in a given election.
Sometimes an approval threshold is also indicated using an ">=", for example, A>B| can be written as A>=B.
The logic of the approval threshold is that if a voter approves a candidate, and they prefer some other candidate(s) over the candidate they approved, then it's very likely that voter would also approve of those more-preferred candidates if voting with an Approval ballot, since otherwise they'd be giving more support to a candidate they prefer less than the candidates they'd be disapproving.
An approval threshold can be used in the context of rated methods as well. This can be useful for cardinal PR, since it could be possible to allow, for example, a Green Party voter to approve both Green Party candidates and Democratic candidates, using the approvals to ensure one of those preferred candidates wins, and then score the candidates in such a way as to maximize the odds that of the preferred candidates, one of the Green Party candidates wins.
It is generally assumed that a voter who doesn't indicate an approval threshold at least approves all of their 1st choice candidates. So if they had voted A=B=C>D>E, then A, B, and C would be considered approved.
See Smith//Approval for an example of the use of the approval threshold.
Brams, Steven J. & Fishburn, Peter C. Approval Voting. Cambridge, MA: Birkhäuser, Boston, 1983.
 1. "Score Voting Threshold Strategy". The Center for Election Science. Retrieved 2020-05-09.


text:
Development of a Tri-Axial Cutting Force Sensor for the Milling Process
AbstractThis paper presents a three-component fixed dynamometer based on a strain gauge, which reduces output errors produced by the cutting force imposed on different milling positions of the workpiece. A reformative structure of tri-layer cross beams is proposed, sensitive areas were selected, and corresponding measuring circuits were arranged to decrease the inaccuracy brought about by positional variation. To simulate the situation with a milling cutter moving on the workpiece and validate the function of reducing the output errors when the milling position changes, both static calibration and dynamic milling tests were implemented on different parts of the workpiece. Static experiment results indicate that with standard loads imposed, the maximal deviation between the measured forces and the standard inputs is 4.87%. The results of the dynamic milling test illustrate that with identical machining parameters, the differences in output variation between the developed sensor and standard dynamometer are no larger than 6.61%. Both static and dynamic experimental results demonstrate that the developed dynamometer is suitable for measuring milling force imposed on different positions of the workpiece, which shows potential applicability in machining a monitoring system. View Full-Text
Share & Cite This Article
Li, Y.; Zhao, Y.; Fei, J.; Zhao, Y.; Li, X.; Gao, Y. Development of a Tri-Axial Cutting Force Sensor for the Milling Process. Sensors 2016, 16, 405.
Li Y, Zhao Y, Fei J, Zhao Y, Li X, Gao Y. Development of a Tri-Axial Cutting Force Sensor for the Milling Process. Sensors. 2016; 16(3):_URL_ Style
Li, Yingxue; Zhao, Yulong; Fei, Jiyou; Zhao, You; Li, Xiuyuan; Gao, Yunxiang. 2016. "Development of a Tri-Axial Cutting Force Sensor for the Milling Process." Sensors 16, no. 3: 405.
Note that from the first issue of 2016, MDPI journals use article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.


Get the CorDapp Template
When writing a new CorDapp, it is helpful to start from one of the following standard templates:
The CorDapp templates provide the boilerplate for developing a new CorDapp. CorDapps can be written in either Java or Kotlin. Sample code is provided in both languages throughout this tutorial.
Download the template
 1. Open a terminal window in the directory where you want to download the CorDapp template, and run the following command:
 git clone
 git clone
 2. Once you have cloned the repository you wish to use, navigate to the correct subdirectory:
 cd cordapp-template-kotlin
 cd cordapp-template-java
 3. Once you have successfully cloned the CorDapp template, open the cordapp-template-kotlin or cordapp-template-java in IntelliJ IDEA.
 If you are unsure of how to open a CorDapp in IntelliJ, see the documentation on Running a sample CorDapp.
Template structure
For this tutorial, you will only be modifying the following files:
// 1. The state
// 2. The flow
// 1. The state
// 2. The flow
Progress so far
You now have a template that you can build upon to define your IOU CorDapp. Let's start by defining the IOUState.


text:
The International Consortium on Closing Civic Space (iCon)
The Human Rights Initiative (HRI) at the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) created an international consortium (iCon) of scholars and experts from around the world to conduct research and develop concrete recommendations on how best to address and push back on closing space around civil society. The ultimate goal of iCon is to develop evidence-based solutions that enhance the resilience and sustainability of civil society and broaden constituencies for human rights.
iCon fills existing gaps in the current response to closing space by exploring legal and non-legal strategies that can and should be used to counter closing space. iCon members conduct research that is not only rigorous and academically informed but also relevant for policymakers. Moreover, this effort incorporates the voices and reflects the experiences of civil society, particularly those human rights and social justice groups that are under pressure.
This brief consolidates key lessons and recommendations from several years of research conducted by the CSIS International Consortium on Closing Civic Space (iCon) regarding how civil society can respond to narrowing civic space.
This report maps out three global initiatives that have emerged in response to closing civic space with the goal of keeping the space open, highlighting good practice and lessons learned.
Eight well-respected international organizations serve as an Advisory Group to iCon. Members of the Advisory Group play an instrumental role in providing strategic guidance to CSIS on the work of iCon and on the overall direction of research. The Advisory Group also ensures that the research that is generated by iCon is transmitted to key constituencies around the world.
- The Fund for Global Human Rights
- The Prague Civil Society Centre
- Conectas Human Rights
- Business and Human Rights Resource Centre
- The International Center for Not-for-Profit Law
- PEW Research Center*
- Erin McCarthy, Civil Society Advisor, U.S. Agency for International Development**
- The Centre for Applied Human Rights, University of York
* The Pew Research Center's role is limited to generating research findings. Pew Research Center does not take policy positions. The opinions expressed herein, including any implications for policy, are not attributed to Pew Research Center.
**Erin McCarthy is serving as an individual member of the Advisory Group.


Bookmark Commands
Bookmark Commands
The bookmark commands context menu is available when you right-click on the bookmark in the bookmarks toolbar.
Bookmark Notes
1. Bookmark Notes
Bookmark notes allow you to associate a given log entry with a block of free-form text. Depending on the state of the current log entry, the bookmark notes command will either convert the current bookmark or display the already set bookmark notes.
Filter After
2. Filter After
Reads the time of the bookmarked log entry and creates a new Date Filter showing everything which occurred after that time.
Filter Before
3. Filter Before
Reads the time of the bookmarked log entry and creates a new Date Filter showing everything which occurred before that time.
Filter Between
4. Filter Between
When two or more bookmarks are selected this command will determine the start and end time of the underlying log entries and create a new Date Filter showing everything which occurred between the selected times.
Calculate Elapsed
5. Calculate Elapsed
Calculates the amount of time that has elapsed between the two selected bookmarks.
Compare Log Entries
6. Compare Log Entries
If you have configured LogViewPlus to use a compare tool (like WinMerge) the Compare Log Entries command will open the log entries of the two selected bookmarks using your configured tool. This is helpful for quickly determining the difference between two bookmarked log entries.
7. Copy
The copy commands are used to copy data to the Windows clipboard. You can either copy the full log entry as it was originally written or you can copy a particular cell within the grid. Copying cells is particularly helpful if you intend to create a text filter from the cell data.
8. Find
Finds the currently selected. This action is the same as double-clicking on the bookmark.
9. Delete
Permanently deletes the currently selected bookmark. Any notes associated with the bookmark will also be deleted.
10. Export
Saves all current bookmarks to a log file in your Windows Temp directory. This log file is then opened in LogViewPlus using a predefined pattern. This is helpful when you want to quickly view all log entries associated with your bookmarks. It can also be helpful if you need to remember the bookmarks you have created.
Show Bookmarked
11. Show Bookmarked
The show bookmark detail command opens the docked bookmark view.
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text:
Performing an SEO audit? Contributor Max Prin demonstrates how to find all of a website's indexed subdomains using a simple (and free) Chrome plugin.
An SEO audit is rarely limited to the www (or non-www) version of a website. When looking for potential duplicate content, it's often important to know how many subdomains exist and, more importantly, how many of them are indexed by Google.
The good old search operators
An easy way to find indexed subdomains is to use search operators.
- Start with "site:" and the root domain.
- One by one, remove each subdomain (including: "www") from the results with the "-inurl:" operator.
- When there are no more results for Google to return, your query with the search operators should include all subdomains indexed.
However, this technique has its limits. It's unlikely that the site you're auditing has as many subdomains as wordpress.com, but you may come across a site with several dozen subdomains. This can potentially cause the following issues:
- The process can be long, especially if it needs to be done for several domains.
- You might get Google "captchas" along the way.
- The size of queries is limited (around 30 keywords). Thus, if your query is too long (too many -inurl operators), you will get a 400 error page from Google.
- Once you're done, you still need some editing to create a nice list of subdomains to work with.
The solution: a simple Chrome extension, by Google
This extension, Personal Blocklist (by Google), will make your life easier. It allows you to "block" domains from appearing in your search results.
The key here is that the extension operates at the subdomain level and stores the domains in a list.
- Once added to Chrome, start with the same "site:domain.com" search command.
- Under each result now appears a "Block subdomain.domain.com" link.
- Click on each link until your result page is empty.
- You're almost done! Simply click on the extension icon, then "export," then copy/paste into Excel.


text:
Monte Carlo Simulation of Line-of-Sight Distance Measurements
This Monte Carlo simulation of line-of-sight distance measurement is based on the small angle formula (SAF), which has two arguments: (1) measured width of a reference object, and (2) measured angular diameter of the reference object from the standpoint of the observer. In this example, the reference object is 5 feet in diameter; its measurement errors are normally distributed with a mean of 5 feet and 0.95 quantile of feet. The angular diameter of the reference object from the observer's standpoint is ; its measurement errors are triangularly distributed with limits of. One hundred pseudorandom argument sets based on those distributions are mapped to the SAF and scatter-plotted using their 0.9 ellipsoid quantile against a set of SAF results. The correlation plots indicate that these results are loosely correlated with the measured reference object width and highly correlated with the measured angular diameter.


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On this page you can see How to make antarctica in Little Alchemy 2? with Guide, Hints, Cheats, Combinations and Walkthrough.
Also you can Learn what to do with Little Alchemy 2 Elements Cheat Walkthrough on Android, iPhone, iPad, Windows Phone, Windows 10 Mobile, Google Chrome or any web-browser and where its uses.
In addition on this page you can Look How to make antarctica in Little Alchemy 2? Hints, Cheats and Guide
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How to make antarctica in Little Alchemy 2?
What can you make with antarctica in Little Alchemy 2?
Walkthrough for antarctica in Little Alchemy 2
- fire + fire = energy
- earth + earth = land
- earth + land = continent
- earth + energy = earthquake
- earth + earthquake = mountain
- continent + continent = planet
- air + planet = atmosphere
- atmosphere + water = cloud
- cloud + water = rain
- mountain + rain = snow
- continent + snow = antarctica


Sprite vs Coke: What's the Difference?
Sprite vs Coke
Both Sprite and Coke are owned by The Coca-Cola Company.
Coke was created by a pharmacist in Atlanta, Georgia named Dr. John S. Pemberton and was first introduced in 1886. Businessman, Asa Candler, purchased the Coke recipe from Pemberton in 1888 and a few years later started The Coca-Cola Company. Coke is currently the best-selling soda in the world and has been so for many decades.
Sprite is a much younger brand of soda compared to Coke. It wasn't until 1959 that Sprite was first produced in West Germany as Clear Lemon Fanta. When the beverage was launched in the United States in 1961 it was manufactured under the name Sprite.
Coca-Cola (Coke) – Carbonated Water, High Fructose Corn Syrup, Caramel Color, Phosphoric Acid, Natural Flavors, Caffeine.
Most people are aware that Sprite is a lemon-lime soda and Coke is a cola. Naturally, they have different ingredients based on the type of sodas they are. While the ingredients for both products are listed above, they are not specific with the complete formulas used by The Coca-Cola Company.
For example, one theory is that Coke's flavoring comes from coca leaf extract (stripped of cocaine), citric acid, caffeine, sugar, water, lime juice, vanilla, caramel, alcohol, orange oil, lemon oil, nutmeg oil, coriander, neroli and cinnamon [source]. Of course, Sprite is citrus based and is at least partly flavored by the citric acid ingredient. Like Coke, its true formula is an unknown.
Sprite is a caffeine-free beverage. However, if you look at the ingredients of Coke listed above, you will notice caffeine as an ingredient. The caffeine in Coke is low in comparison to coffee and many energy drinks. It has 34 milligrams in a 12 fluid ounce serving. As a reference, a brewed coffee has approximately 144 milligrams of caffeine and a Red Bull has 114 milligrams of caffeine per 12 fluid ounces.
Caffeine in Coke
Serving SizeCaffeineCaffeine/Fluid Ounce
7.5 fl oz21mg2.8mg
12 fl oz34mg2.83mg
16.9 fl oz48mg2.84mg
20 fl oz57mg 2.85mg
Nutrition Facts
Let's take a look at the nutrition facts of Sprite vs Coke. Specifically, is one "healthier" than the other in regard to the nutrition data such as calories and sugar.
Both have 140 calories, and no fat or protein. Sprite has 20 milligrams more sodium, but one gram less sugar and carbs. Overall, most people won't opt for one soda over the other simple for better nutrition. The caffeine content (or lack thereof) is likely a bigger factor than the difference in nutrition between Sprite vs Coke.
Serving Size12 fl oz (1 can)12 fl oz (1 can)
Total Fat0g0g
Total Carbohydrates38g39g
Total Sugars38g39g
While prices of Sprite and Coke vary from store to store, they are commonly the same price when each is bought at the same store. The table below provides an idea of the prices some people may pay for Sprite or Coke at popular grocery stores. Prices may vary based on where you purchase your soda.
SEE ALSO>>>Sprite vs 7Up
2 Liter Prices – Sprite vs Coke
Sprite (2 Liters)Coke (2 Liters)
Big Lots$1.90not available
Giantnot available$2.29
12 Pack/12 fl oz Cans Prices – Sprite vs Coke
Sprite (12 Pack/12 fl oz Cans)Coke (12 Pack/12 fl oz Cans)
Walmartnot available$4.98
Big Lots$5.15$5.15
Poll: Sprite vs Coke – Pick A Favorite
Okay, Sprite and Coke are totally different sodas. However, if you had to pick a favorite, which one would you choose? Vote for the one you like best in the poll below!


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Healthy Foods, Healthy Communities
What's to love about food co-ops? So much! Co-ops have a cool way of doing things differently. They're people working together for better food, stronger communities and a healthier world. And cooperative grocers are making a big impact. A new study, Healthy Foods Healthy Communities: The Social and Economic Impacts of Food Co-ops,* quantifies the impact food co-ops have as compared to conventional grocery stores. The study's compelling results demonstrate the many ways that food co-ops do well while doing good.
Unlike their conventional counterparts, co-ops are owned and governed by member-shoppers and rooted in principles like community, voluntary and open membership, economic participation and cooperation. Because of these principles and practices, food co-ops inherently serve and benefit the communities where they are located. For example, the study finds that for every dollar spent at a food co-op, $0.38 is reinvested in the local economy compared to $0.24 at conventional grocers.
Supporting Local Food Systems and Sustainable Foods
Though "local" has popped up in conventional grocery stores in recent years, retail food co-ops are leaps and bounds ahead of the pack. Where conventional grocers work with an average of 65 local farmers and food producers, food co-ops work with an average of 157. Likewise, locally sourced products make up an average of 20 percent of co-op sales compared to 6 percent at conventional stores.
Years after creating the market for organic foods, co-ops are still the place to find them. Of produce sales at food co-ops, 82 percent are organic, compared to 12 percent for conventional grocers. And, organics make up 48 percent of grocery sales in food co-ops, compared to just 2 percent in conventional grocers.
Local Economic Impact
The economic impact that a grocery store has on its local economy is greater than just the sum of its local spending, because a portion of money spent locally recirculates. For example, food co-ops purchase from local farmers who, in turn, buy supplies from local sources, hire local technicians to repair equipment, and purchase goods and services from local retailers. To some extent, conventional grocers do too, but the gap is still significant. For every $1,000 a shopper spends at their local food co-op, $1,604 in economic activity is generated in their local economy—$239 more than if they had spent that same $1,000 at a conventional grocer.
The average co-op earning $10 million per year in revenue provides jobs for over 90 workers. In total, 68 percent of those workers are eligible for health insurance, compared to 56 percent of employees at conventional grocers. Co-op employees also earn an average of nearly $1.00 more per hour than conventional grocery workers when bonuses and profit sharing are taken into account.
Grocery stores—co-ops and conventional alike—generate a significant amount of waste. What sets retail food co-ops apart is what they do with that waste. Co-ops recycle 96 percent of cardboard, 74 percent of food waste and 81 percent of plastics compared to 91 percent, 36 percent and 29 percent, respectively, recycled by conventional grocers.
- Impact Report - to see the impact up close, view the Healthy Foods Healthy Communities: The Social and Economic Impacts of Food Co-ops report.
- Infographics – find a PDF of the above and an additional infographic in Healthy Foods Healthy Communities Study Infographics.
- Videos – Find the animated video above along with other videos about food co-ops on our YouTube channel: _URL_
* The study behind this report was commissioned by National Cooperative Grocers Association (NCGA), the organization of grocery cooperatives that brings you this site. NCGA partnered with the ICA Group—a national not-for-profit consulting firm with expertise in cooperatives, economic development, and business research.


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Habbes - what does Habbes surname mean?
Recorded in many forms including Habbert, Happert, Hobbert, Hobart, Hobbart, Habert, Happel, Hadeke, Habbema, Hobbema, Hapke, Hatje, Hablet, Hablot, Habbes, Haps, Habben, Hobben, Hobbing, and Hubbard, this ancient surname can only be described as 'European'. It derives from the Anglo-Saxon personal name Hugibert or Hubert, itself a compound of the elements 'hug' meaning 'heart', and 'beorht' - bright or famous, a translation which no doubt contributed to its early popularity. The name was probably introduced in Britain by the Saxon invaders of the 8th century, although its first known recording would seem to be that of 'Eudo filius Huberti' (Eudo, son of Hubert) in the Domesday Book of 1086. This was not of course a surname, the first of these being Roger Hubert, who appears in the 1199 Fine Court Rolls of Northumberland, whilst other examples of the recordings include William Hobard of Suffolk in 1291, John Hobart also of Suffolk in 1346, whilst Pastor John Hubbard who embarked from London on 17th April 1635, bound for Virginia was one of the early settlers in the New England colonies. He was also one of the first students at the fledgling Harvard University, of which in 1688, he became President. The first recorded spelling of the family name is shown to be that of Roger Hubard, which was dated 1327, in the Subsidy Rolls of Somerset, during the reign of King Edward 111, known as the Father of the Navy, 1327 - 1377. Surnames became necessary when governments introduced personal taxation. In England this was known as Poll Tax. Throughout the centuries, surnames in every country have continued to 'develop' often leading to astonishing variants of the original spelling.
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With the Alarm System extension for Joomla, an extra layer of security is added right after a user logs into the administrator. After a successful login, the user is presented with a PIN screen to disable the alarm system. When a user enters the correct PIN, the alarm will be disabled. When a user enters too many incorrect PINs, or doesn't provide the correct PIN within the given time frame, the alarm system will be triggered. When the alarm goes off, be default the user will be logged out. If configured, a new log entry will be added to track which users have triggered the alarm system.
For now this extension offers pretty basic functions only. We are open for your suggestions and tips to improve and expand. Please share your ideas at our forum or leave a review and tell us what you like about it and what is still missing!
Suggestion forum page:
Alarm System configurable options:
- General options
Under general options you can enable the alarm and configure the settings. You can choose how many seconds a user is granted to disable the alarm system and how many incorrect PIN numbers are accepted before the alarm is triggered. By default the system allows users 30 seconds and 3 incorrect PIN entries.
- PIN settings
You can select the source of correct PIN codes. You can select to use a System wide PIN, which means all users will have to enter the same PIN. You can also select to use user specific PIN codes. This allows every user to have it's own PIN code. The user PIN codes are managed by an admin with enabled access to edit PIN codes. These rights are configured in the component options.
- Alarm trigger settings
Here you can specify if you want a user to be logged out upon triggering the alarm.
There is also a logging system for tracking what happens with the alarm. The system can log if an incorrect PIN is entered, if a correct PIN is entered (alarm disabled) or if the alarm is triggered. It also tries to gather additional information, such as which user has caused an event, and which incorrect PIN was entered
User specific PIN codes
From the control panel there is an option for User PIN codes. Here you can specify for each user if they should have the system wide PIN, or a specific user PIN. So you could have a couple of users with a specific PIN code, while the rest is using the system wide PIN code. If the system cannot find a specific PIN code for a user, it will fall back to the system wide PIN. For that reason it's recommended to always set a system wide PIN code.
The Alarm System also supports subsystems to configure your own actions in case of alarm system events. You can create and install your own Joomla plugin handling responses when the alarm is triggered and or successfully disabled.
The component is easy to form, easily to install, he avoids the revenue to the core of Joomla and works perfectly.
I recommend it to 100 %.
I'm sorry for English.


The polling interval determines how often the endpoint sends its status and receives commands, for example, every 15 minutes or every hour. If needed, you can change the polling interval in Basic Configuration of the group's policy or you can force an immediate update as described in this procedure.
For more information, see Changing Policy Settings.
To force an update:
 1. From the endpoint, in the system tray, right-click the Webroot icon.
 2. From the drop-down menu that displays, select Refresh configuration.
 The system updates.


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Synonyms for opinionatedəˈpɪn yəˌneɪ tɪd
This thesaurus page is about all possible synonyms and similiar words for the term opinionated
English Synonyms and Antonyms, by James Champlin Fernald
Dogmatic is technically applied in a good sense to that which is formally enunciated by adequate authority; doctrinal to that which is stated in the form of doctrine to be taught or defended. Dogmatic theology, called also "dogmatics," gives definite propositions, which it holds to be delivered by authority; systematic theology considers the same propositions in their logical connection and order as parts of a system; a doctrinal statement is less absolute in its claims than a dogmatic treatise, and may be more partial than the term systematic would imply. Outside of theology, dogmatic has generally an offensive sense; a dogmatic statement is one for which the author does not trouble himself to give a reason, either because of the strength of his convictions, or because of his contempt for those whom he addresses; thus dogmatic is, in common use, allied with arrogant and kindred words.
Find a translation for the opinionated synonym in other languages:
Select another language:


gcov-tool-7 (1) - Linux Man Pages
gcov-tool-7: offline gcda profile processing tool
gcov-tool - offline gcda profile processing tool
gcov-tool merge [merge-options] directory1 directory2
 [-o|--output directory]
 [-w|--weight w1,w2]
gcov-tool rewrite [rewrite-options] directory
 [-n|--normalize long_long_value]
 [-o|--output directory]
 [-s|--scale float_or_simple-frac_value]
gcov-tool overlap [overlap-options] directory1 directory2
Current gcov-tool supports the following functionalities:
merge two sets of profiles with weights.
read one set of profile and rewrite profile contents. One can scale or normalize the count values.
Examples of the use cases for this tool are:
Collect the profiles for different set of inputs, and use this tool to merge them. One can specify the weight to factor in the relative importance of each input.
Rewrite the profile after removing a subset of the gcda files, while maintaining the consistency of the summary and the histogram.
It can also be used to debug or libgcov code as the tools shares the majority code as the runtime library.
Note that for the merging operation, this profile generated offline may contain slight different values from the online merged profile. Here are a list of typical differences:
histogram difference: This offline tool recomputes the histogram after merging the counters. The resulting histogram, therefore, is precise. The online merging does not have this capability --- the histogram is merged from two histograms and the result is an approximation.
summary checksum difference: Summary checksum uses a CRC32 operation. The value depends on the link list order of gcov-info objects. This order is different in gcov-tool from that in the online merge. It's expected to have different summary checksums. It does not really matter as the compiler does not use this checksum anywhere.
value profile counter values difference: Some counter values for value profile are runtime dependent, like heap addresses. It's normal to see some difference in these kind of counters.
Merge two profile directories.
-o directory
--output directory
Set the verbose mode.
-w w1,w2
--weight w1,w2
Set the merge weights of the directory1 and directory2, respectively. The default weights are 1 for both.
Read the specified profile directory and rewrite to a new directory.
-n long_long_value
--normalize
Normalize the profile. The specified value is the max counter value in the new profile.
-o directory
--output directory
Set the output profile directory. Default output name is rewrite_profile.
-s float_or_simple-frac_value
--scale float_or_simple-frac_value
Scale the profile counters. The specified value can be in floating point value, or simple fraction value form, such 1, 2, 2/3, and 5/3.
Set the verbose mode.
Compute the overlap score between the two specified profile directories. The overlap score is computed based on the arc profiles. It is defined as the sum of min (p1_counter[i] / p1_sum_all, p2_counter[i] / p2_sum_all), for all arc counter i, where p1_counter[i] and p2_counter[i] are two matched counters and p1_sum_all and p2_sum_all are the sum of counter values in profile 1 and profile 2, respectively.
Print function level overlap score.
Print full gcda filename.
Only print info for hot objects/functions.
Print object level overlap score.
-t float
--hot_threshold
Set the threshold for hot counter value.
Set the verbose mode.
(a) The FSF's Front-Cover Text is:
 A GNU Manual
(b) The FSF's Back-Cover Text is:
 software. Copies published by the Free Software Foundation raise
 funds for GNU development.


Wednesday, August 18, 2010
CSS3 Transitions and Transforms in Gmail for the iPad
The Mobile Gmail team recently announced a new stacked cards interface for the iPad. In this interface we make use of CSS3 transitions and transforms to provide a more intuitive interface that has a look and feel that is similar to native applications. In this post we will describe CSS3 transitions and transforms and how they were used to develop this interface. All of the CSS and JavaScript examples currently work only in WebKit-based browsers, such as Safari on the iPad. However, Mozilla-based browsers have their own versions of WebKit-based extensions that use the '-moz' prefix, and that should behave similarly.
CSS3 Transitions
CSS3 transitions allow the browser to animate the change of a CSS property from an initial value to a final value. A transition is configured by setting four CSS properties on an HTML element:
 - -webkit-transition-property
 - -webkit-transition-duration
 - -webkit-transition-timing-function
 - -webkit-transition-delay
The -webkit-transition-property property identifies the CSS properties where changes to the property will trigger a transition between the old value of the property and the new value. The -webkit-transition-duration property specifies, in milliseconds, the length of time over which the transition should take place. The -webkit-transition-timing-function property describes the speed at which the transition progresses over the duration of the transition. For example, -webkit-transition-timing-function: ease-in-out describes a transition that will proceed slowly at the beginning and the end of the transition, but that will proceed quickly during the middle of the transition. You can also provide a custom, cubic-bezier function for a higher degree of control over the timing. The -webkit-transition-delay property specifies a delay, measured in milliseconds, before the transition begins.
The transition properties can also be set simultaneously using the -webkit-transition property, by simply specifying them in the above order. Once the transitions properties are set and up to the point where the value of -webkit-transition-property is changed, all modifications of the specified CSS properties will trigger transitions.
CSS3 Transforms
CSS3 transforms allow the rendering of an HTML element to be modified using 2D and 3D transformations such as rotation, scaling, and translations. Transforms are applied by setting the -webkit-transform CSS property with the desired list of transforms. Each transform takes the form of a transformation function, such as translate3d or rotate, and a list of parameters enclosed in brackets. For example, to move an object to the right by 100 pixels and rotate it by 45 degrees you can use the -webkit-transform property:
-webkit-transform: translate(100px, 0) rotate(45deg);
Using -webkit-transform as the transition property when moving an element is advantageous relative to using the standard top and left properties because transitions using -webkit-transform are hardware-accelerated in Safari. An exception here is that it seems that 2D translations are not hardware-accelerated. But, since any 2D translation is equivalent to a corresponding 3D translation with the same translations in the x and y and no translation in the z axis, it is easy to use a hardware accelerated translate3d(x, y, 0) transform instead of a non-hardware accelerated translate(x, y) transform.
There are a few terms here that begin with 'trans,' and they can easily be confused if you are not familiar with them. Here they are again:
 - Transition: An implicit animation of CSS properties between an initial and a final value.
 - Transform: A modification to the appearance of an HTML element by manipulating it in a 2D or 3D space.
 - Translation: A particular type of transformation that moves the HTML element in 2D or 3D space.
Stacked Cards Interface
In the stacked cards interface, cards representing selected conversations transition onto the screen when their corresponding conversation is selected, and transition off of the screen when it is deselected.
When cards are selected, they are transitioned out from underneath the conversation list on the left side of the application into the selected conversation area on the right side of the application. To move the card onto the screen, we set an initial transform, configure the transition, and finally apply the desired final transform to the element.
To simplify the layout, the un-transformed position of each card is its normal position in the selected conversation area. This allows the card to have no translation applied when in this position, although it will need a translation to animate the movement. Initially the card has a transform that translates it to the left. The z-index property is used to ensure that the card will render underneath the conversation list. The rotation of the card is also initially applied, since we chose not to have the card rotate as it transitions onto the screen.
card.style.WebkitTransform =
'translate3d(-700px, 0, 0) rotate(5deg)';
Since the particular translation and rotation can vary, we chose to apply this property using JavaScript rather than including it in the CSS class applied to the card. It is important that the CSS3 transition is not yet applied because we do not want this transform to be a transition. Moreover, it is important that the card is rendered at its initial transform before the transition is configured and the destination transform is applied. This is easily achieved by wrapping these next steps in a call to window.setTimeout with a timeout of 0 ms.
window.setTimeout(function() {
card.style.WebkitTransition =
'-webkit-transform 300ms ease-in-out';
card.style.WebkitTransform =
'translate3d(0, 0, 0) rotate(5deg)';
}, 0);
Completion of the Transition
It is useful to know when the transition is complete. In the stacked cards interface, we use this to improve performance by setting display:none on obscured cards so that they do not need to be rendered. Adding an event listener allows the application to be notified when the transition has completed.
element.addEventListener('webkitTransitionEnd', listener, false);
Interrupting a Transition
In some cases, you may want to change a transition while it is in progress. For example, if the user unselected a conversation while the corresponding card was still animating onto the screen, we might apply a new transition to send the card back off of the screen again. When you apply a new CSS value while a transition is already in progress, a new transition will occur between the current value of the property in the transition and the new value that you apply. For example, suppose a card is halfway through it's transition onto the screen, and we apply this CSS transform:
card.style.WebkitTransform =
Since the transition properties are still configured, a new transition will occur. The initial value for the transition will be the halfway point - approximately translated3d(-350px, 0, 0) rotate(5deg). The final value will be translate3d(-700px, 0, 0) rotate(5deg). The full duration of the transition will still apply, so the card will move about half as quickly as it usually does. It is possible to determine the current transform applied to an HTML element using the WebKitCSSMatrix and to use this to recalculate more appropriate transition parameters, but this is outside the scope of this post.
I hope that this introduction to CSS3 transitions and transforms has been useful, and that the insight into the implementation of Mobile Gmail on the iPad has been interesting. Based on positive feedback, the Mobile Gmail team is looking forward to making more use of transitions and transforms in the future.
 1. It would be nice to see some of these new CSS3 and HTML5 features in the regular webmail. I remember a tech demo of offline storage with the HTML5 client database, but GMail still requires Gears.
 For those of us on 64-bit Linux Chrome and without the ability to use Gears, it would be wonderful to see these improvements be merged back for non-iPad users :)
 2. Very nice guys.
 However what I'd really, really like is an option to pin the floating toolbar (when reading messages) in the iPhone Gmail web interface. It's so very, very annoying. Since we can scroll to the top of the conversation via tapping on the status bar there's absolutely no reason why the toolbar can't be pinned to the top. Otherwise the Gmail mobile interface is great. Fingers crossed...
 3. Beautiful interface. I was surprised when I opened Gmail on my iPad and it looked like an iPad app! The scroll on the left even scrolls the same way: smooth and responsive. Wondering how you achieve the scroll effect in the stacked deck (or list of emails). Thanks - I develop martial arts software and I'm looking at implementing a solution like this for mobile users. Thanks - and beautiful work!