You are given two integers l and r, l≤ r. Find the largest possible value of a mod b over all pairs (a, b) of integers for which r≥ a ≥ b ≥ l.

As a reminder, a mod b is a remainder we get when dividing a by b. For example, 26 mod 8 = 2.

Input

Each test contains multiple test cases.

The first line contains one positive integer t (1≤ t≤ 10^4), denoting the number of test cases. Description of the test cases follows.

The only line of each test case contains two integers l, r (1≤ l ≤ r ≤ 10^9).

Output

For every test case, output the largest possible value of a mod b over all pairs (a, b) of integers for which r≥ a ≥ b ≥ l.

Example

Input


4
1 1
999999999 1000000000
8 26
1 999999999


Output


0
1
12
499999999

Note

In the first test case, the only allowed pair is (a, b) = (1, 1), for which a mod b = 1 mod 1 = 0.

In the second test case, the optimal choice is pair (a, b) = (1000000000, 999999999), for which a mod b = 1.
from collections import Counter, defaultdict, deque
import bisect
from sys import stdin, stdout
from itertools import repeat
import math


def inp(force_list=False):
    re = map(int, raw_input().split())
    if len(re) == 1 and not force_list:
        return re[0]
    return re

def inst():
    return raw_input().strip()

def gcd(x, y):
   while(y):
       x, y = y, x % y
   return x

mod = 1000000007

def my_main():
    kase = inp()
    pans = []
    for _ in range(kase):
        l, r = inp()
        if r>=l*2:
            ans = r%(r/2+1)
        else:
            ans = r%l



        pans.append(str(ans))

        # pans.append(''.join(map(str, reversed(ans))))
    print '\n'.join(pans)


    # print '\n'.join(pans)

my_main()
