You are given two integers l and r, l≤ r. Find the largest possible value of a mod b over all pairs (a, b) of integers for which r≥ a ≥ b ≥ l.

As a reminder, a mod b is a remainder we get when dividing a by b. For example, 26 mod 8 = 2.

Input

Each test contains multiple test cases.

The first line contains one positive integer t (1≤ t≤ 10^4), denoting the number of test cases. Description of the test cases follows.

The only line of each test case contains two integers l, r (1≤ l ≤ r ≤ 10^9).

Output

For every test case, output the largest possible value of a mod b over all pairs (a, b) of integers for which r≥ a ≥ b ≥ l.

Example

Input


4
1 1
999999999 1000000000
8 26
1 999999999


Output


0
1
12
499999999

Note

In the first test case, the only allowed pair is (a, b) = (1, 1), for which a mod b = 1 mod 1 = 0.

In the second test case, the optimal choice is pair (a, b) = (1000000000, 999999999), for which a mod b = 1.
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
template <class c>
struct rge {
  c b, e;
};
template <class c>
rge<c> range(c i, c j) {
  return rge<c>{i, j};
}
template <class c>
auto dud(c* x) -> decltype(cerr << *x, 0);
template <class c>
char dud(...);
struct debug {
  template <class c>
  debug& operator<<(const c&) {
    return *this;
  }
};
using ll = long long;
int main() {
  ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false);
  cin.tie(0);
  int tt;
  cin >> tt;
  while (tt--) {
    ll l, r;
    cin >> l >> r;
    ll L = l, R = r, prospect = l;
    while (L <= R) {
      ll mid = (L + R) / 2;
      if (mid * 2 > r) {
        prospect = mid;
        R = mid - 1;
      } else
        L = mid + 1;
    }
    cout << r % prospect << '\n';
  }
}
