You are given two integers l and r, l≤ r. Find the largest possible value of a mod b over all pairs (a, b) of integers for which r≥ a ≥ b ≥ l.

As a reminder, a mod b is a remainder we get when dividing a by b. For example, 26 mod 8 = 2.

Input

Each test contains multiple test cases.

The first line contains one positive integer t (1≤ t≤ 10^4), denoting the number of test cases. Description of the test cases follows.

The only line of each test case contains two integers l, r (1≤ l ≤ r ≤ 10^9).

Output

For every test case, output the largest possible value of a mod b over all pairs (a, b) of integers for which r≥ a ≥ b ≥ l.

Example

Input


4
1 1
999999999 1000000000
8 26
1 999999999


Output


0
1
12
499999999

Note

In the first test case, the only allowed pair is (a, b) = (1, 1), for which a mod b = 1 mod 1 = 0.

In the second test case, the optimal choice is pair (a, b) = (1000000000, 999999999), for which a mod b = 1.

import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;

public class Main2 {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
		PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(System.out);
		int t = sc.nextInt();
		while (t-- > 0) {
			long l = sc.nextLong();
			long r = sc.nextLong();
			long res = (r - 1) / 2;
			if (!(res >= l && res <= r)) {
				res = r - l;
			}
			pw.println(res);
		}
		pw.close();
	}

	// --------------------sTufF ----------------------
	static class Scanner {
		StringTokenizer st;
		BufferedReader br;

		public Scanner(InputStream s) {
			br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(s));
		}

		public Scanner(FileReader r) {
			br = new BufferedReader(r);
		}

		public String next() throws IOException {
			while (st == null || !st.hasMoreTokens())
				st = new StringTokenizer(br.readLine());
			return st.nextToken();
		}

		public int nextInt() throws IOException {
			return Integer.parseInt(next());
		}

		public long nextLong() throws IOException {
			return Long.parseLong(next());
		}

		public String nextLine() throws IOException {
			return br.readLine();
		}

		public double nextDouble() throws IOException {
			String x = next();
			StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder("0");
			double res = 0, f = 1;
			boolean dec = false, neg = false;
			int start = 0;
			if (x.charAt(0) == '-') {
				neg = true;
				start++;
			}
			for (int i = start; i < x.length(); i++)
				if (x.charAt(i) == '.') {
					res = Long.parseLong(sb.toString());
					sb = new StringBuilder("0");
					dec = true;
				} else {
					sb.append(x.charAt(i));
					if (dec)
						f *= 10;
				}
			res += Long.parseLong(sb.toString()) / f;
			return res * (neg ? -1 : 1);
		}

		public long[] nextlongArray(int n) throws IOException {
			long[] a = new long[n];
			for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
				a[i] = nextLong();
			return a;
		}

		public Long[] nextLongArray(int n) throws IOException {
			Long[] a = new Long[n];
			for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
				a[i] = nextLong();
			return a;
		}

		public int[] nextIntArray(int n) throws IOException {
			int[] a = new int[n];
			for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
				a[i] = nextInt();
			return a;
		}

		public Integer[] nextIntegerArray(int n) throws IOException {
			Integer[] a = new Integer[n];
			for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
				a[i] = nextInt();
			return a;
		}

		public boolean ready() throws IOException {
			return br.ready();
		}
	}

}
