The average miner Vaganych took refresher courses. As soon as a miner completes the courses, he should take exams. The hardest one is a computer test called "Testing Pants for Sadness".

The test consists of n questions; the questions are to be answered strictly in the order in which they are given, from question 1 to question n. Question i contains ai answer variants, exactly one of them is correct. 

A click is regarded as selecting any answer in any question. The goal is to select the correct answer for each of the n questions. If Vaganych selects a wrong answer for some question, then all selected answers become unselected and the test starts from the very beginning, from question 1 again. But Vaganych remembers everything. The order of answers for each question and the order of questions remain unchanged, as well as the question and answers themselves.

Vaganych is very smart and his memory is superb, yet he is unbelievably unlucky and knows nothing whatsoever about the test's theme. How many clicks will he have to perform in the worst case?

Input

The first line contains a positive integer n (1 ≤ n ≤ 100). It is the number of questions in the test. The second line contains space-separated n positive integers ai (1 ≤ ai ≤ 109), the number of answer variants to question i.

Output

Print a single number — the minimal number of clicks needed to pass the test it the worst-case scenario. 

Please do not use the %lld specificator to read or write 64-bit integers in С++. It is preferred to use the cin, cout streams or the %I64d specificator.

Examples

Input

2
1 1


Output

2

Input

2
2 2


Output

5

Input

1
10


Output

10

Note

Note to the second sample. In the worst-case scenario you will need five clicks: 

  * the first click selects the first variant to the first question, this answer turns out to be wrong. 
  * the second click selects the second variant to the first question, it proves correct and we move on to the second question; 
  * the third click selects the first variant to the second question, it is wrong and we go back to question 1; 
  * the fourth click selects the second variant to the first question, it proves as correct as it was and we move on to the second question; 
  * the fifth click selects the second variant to the second question, it proves correct, the test is finished. 
import java.io.File;import java.io.FileInputStream;import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;import java.io.InputStream;import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;import java.security.AccessControlException;import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collection;import java.util.Comparator;import java.util.List;import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Objects;import java.util.TreeMap;import java.util.function.Function;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;import java.util.stream.IntStream;import java.util.stream.LongStream;
import java.util.stream.Stream;public class _p000103A {static public void main(final String[] args) 
throws IOException{p000103A._main(args);}
static private class p000103A extends Solver{public p000103A(){singleTest=true;}
@Override public void solve()throws IOException{int n=sc.nextInt();sc.nextLine();
int[]a=lineToIntArray();long res=IntStream.range(0,n).mapToLong(i->((long)i+1)*(a[i]
-1)+1).sum();pw.println(res);}static public void _main(String[]args)throws IOException
{new p000103A().run();}}static private class MyScanner{private StringBuilder cache
=new StringBuilder();int cache_pos=0;private int first_linebreak=-1;private int 
second_linebreak=-1;private StringBuilder sb=new StringBuilder();private InputStream 
is=null;public MyScanner(final InputStream is){this.is=is;}private String charToString(final 
int c){return String.format("'%s'",c=='\n'?"\\n":(c=='\r'?"\\r":String.valueOf((char)c)));
}public int get(){int res=-1;if(cache_pos<cache.length()){res=cache.charAt(cache_pos);
cache_pos++;if(cache_pos==cache.length()){cache.delete(0,cache_pos);cache_pos=0;
}}else{try{res=is.read();}catch(IOException ex){throw new RuntimeException(ex);}
}return res;}private void unget(final int c){if(cache_pos==0){cache.insert(0,(char)c);
}else{cache_pos--;}}public String nextLine(){sb.delete(0,sb.length());int c;boolean 
done=false;boolean end=false;while((c=get())!=-1){if(check_linebreak(c)){done=true;
if(c==first_linebreak){if(!end){end=true;}else{cache.append((char)c);break;}}else 
if(second_linebreak!=-1 && c==second_linebreak){break;}}if(end && c!=first_linebreak 
&& c!=second_linebreak){cache.append((char)c);break;}if(!done){sb.append((char)c);
}}return sb.toString();}private boolean check_linebreak(int c){if(c=='\n'|| c=='\r')
{if(first_linebreak==-1){first_linebreak=c;}else if(c!=first_linebreak && second_linebreak
==-1){second_linebreak=c;}return true;}return false;}public int nextInt(){return 
Integer.parseInt(next());}public long nextLong(){return Long.parseLong(next());}
public boolean hasNext(){boolean res=false;int c;while((c=get())!=-1){if(!check_linebreak(c)
&& c!=' '&& c!='\t'){res=true;unget(c);break;}}return res;}public String next(){
sb.delete(0,sb.length());boolean started=false;int c;while((c=get())!=-1){if(check_linebreak(c)
|| c==' '|| c=='\t'){if(started){unget(c);break;}}else{started=true;sb.append((char)c);
}}return sb.toString();}public int nextChar(){return get();}public boolean eof()
{int c=get();boolean res=false;if(c!=-1){unget(c);}else{res=true;}return res;}public 
double nextDouble(){return Double.parseDouble(next());}}static private class Pair<K,V>
{private K k;private V v;public Pair(final K t,final V u){this.k=t;this.v=u;}public 
K getKey(){return k;}public V getValue(){return v;}}static private abstract class 
Solver{protected String nameIn=null;protected String nameOut=null;protected boolean 
singleTest=false;protected boolean preprocessDebug=false;protected boolean doNotPreprocess
=false;protected PrintStream debugPrintStream=null;protected MyScanner sc=null;protected 
PrintWriter pw=null;final static String SPACE=" ";final static String SPACES="\\s+";
private int current_test=0;private int count_tests=0;protected int currentTest()
{return current_test;}protected int countTests(){return count_tests;}private void 
process()throws IOException{if(!singleTest){count_tests=lineToIntArray()[0];for(current_test
=1;current_test<=count_tests;current_test++){solve();pw.flush();}}else{count_tests
=1;current_test=1;solve();pw.flush();}}abstract protected void solve()throws IOException;
protected String[]lineToArray()throws IOException{return sc.nextLine().trim().split(SPACES);
}protected int[]lineToCharArray()throws IOException{return sc.nextLine().chars().toArray();
}protected int[]lineToIntArray()throws IOException{return Arrays.stream(lineToArray()).mapToInt(Integer::parseInt).toArray();
}protected long[]lineToLongArray()throws IOException{return Arrays.stream(lineToArray()).mapToLong(Long::parseLong).toArray();
}protected double[]lineToDoubleArray()throws IOException{return Arrays.stream(lineToArray()).mapToDouble(Double::parseDouble).toArray();
}protected void run()throws IOException{boolean done=false;try{if(nameIn!=null && 
new File(nameIn).exists()){try(FileInputStream fis=new FileInputStream(nameIn);PrintWriter 
pw0=select_output();){done=true;sc=new MyScanner(fis);pw=pw0;process();}}}catch(IOException 
ex){}catch(AccessControlException ex){}if(!done){try(PrintWriter pw0=select_output();
){sc=new MyScanner(System.in);pw=pw0;process();}}}private PrintWriter select_output()
throws FileNotFoundException{if(nameOut!=null){return new PrintWriter(nameOut);}
return new PrintWriter(System.out);}public static Map<Integer,Integer>mapc(final 
int[]a){return IntStream.range(0,a.length).collect(()->new TreeMap<Integer,Integer>(),
(res,i)->{res.put(a[i],res.getOrDefault(a[i],0)+1);},Map::putAll);}public static 
Map<Long,Integer>mapc(final long[]a){return IntStream.range(0,a.length).collect(
()->new TreeMap<Long,Integer>(),(res,i)->{res.put(a[i],res.getOrDefault(a[i],0)+
1);},Map::putAll);}public static<T>Map<T,Integer>mapc(final T[]a,Comparator<T>cmp)
{return IntStream.range(0,a.length).collect(cmp!=null?()->new TreeMap<T,Integer>(cmp)
:()->new TreeMap<T,Integer>(),(res,i)->{res.put(a[i],res.getOrDefault(a[i],0)+1);
},Map::putAll);}public static<T>Map<T,Integer>mapc(final T[]a){return mapc(a,null);
}public static Map<Integer,Integer>mapc(final IntStream a){return a.collect(()->
new TreeMap<Integer,Integer>(),(res,v)->{res.put(v,res.getOrDefault(v,0)+1);},Map::putAll
);}public static Map<Long,Integer>mapc(final LongStream a){return a.collect(()->
new TreeMap<Long,Integer>(),(res,v)->{res.put(v,res.getOrDefault(v,0)+1);},Map::putAll
);}public static<T>Map<T,Integer>mapc(final Stream<T>a,Comparator<T>cmp){return 
a.collect(cmp!=null?()->new TreeMap<T,Integer>(cmp):()->new TreeMap<T,Integer>(),
(res,v)->{res.put(v,res.getOrDefault(v,0)+1);},Map::putAll);}public static<T>Map<T,
Integer>mapc(final Stream<T>a){return mapc(a,null);}public static<T>Map<T,Integer>
mapc(final Collection<T>a,Comparator<T>cmp){return mapc(a.stream(),cmp);}public 
static<T>Map<T,Integer>mapc(final Collection<T>a){return mapc(a.stream());}public 
static Map<Integer,List<Integer>>mapi(final int[]a){return IntStream.range(0,a.length).collect(
()->new TreeMap<Integer,List<Integer>>(),(res,i)->{if(!res.containsKey(a[i])){res.put(a[i],
Stream.of(i).collect(Collectors.toList()));}else{res.get(a[i]).add(i);}},Map::putAll
);}public static Map<Long,List<Integer>>mapi(final long[]a){return IntStream.range(0,
a.length).collect(()->new TreeMap<Long,List<Integer>>(),(res,i)->{if(!res.containsKey(a[i]))
{res.put(a[i],Stream.of(i).collect(Collectors.toList()));}else{res.get(a[i]).add(i);
}},Map::putAll);}public static<T>Map<T,List<Integer>>mapi(final T[]a,Comparator<T>
cmp){return IntStream.range(0,a.length).collect(cmp!=null?()->new TreeMap<T,List<Integer>>(cmp)
:()->new TreeMap<T,List<Integer>>(),(res,i)->{if(!res.containsKey(a[i])){res.put(a[i],
Stream.of(i).collect(Collectors.toList()));}else{res.get(a[i]).add(i);}},Map::putAll
);}public static<T>Map<T,List<Integer>>mapi(final T[]a){return mapi(a,null);}public 
static Map<Integer,List<Integer>>mapi(final IntStream a){int[]i=new int[]{0};return 
a.collect(()->new TreeMap<Integer,List<Integer>>(),(res,v)->{if(!res.containsKey(v))
{res.put(v,Stream.of(i[0]).collect(Collectors.toList()));}else{res.get(v).add(i[0]);
}i[0]++;},Map::putAll);}public static Map<Long,List<Integer>>mapi(final LongStream 
a){int[]i=new int[]{0};return a.collect(()->new TreeMap<Long,List<Integer>>(),(res,
v)->{if(!res.containsKey(v)){res.put(v,Stream.of(i[0]).collect(Collectors.toList()));
}else{res.get(v).add(i[0]);}i[0]++;},Map::putAll);}public static<T>Map<T,List<Integer>>
mapi(final Stream<T>a,Comparator<T>cmp){int[]i=new int[]{0};return a.collect(cmp
!=null?()->new TreeMap<T,List<Integer>>(cmp):()->new TreeMap<T,List<Integer>>(),
(res,v)->{if(!res.containsKey(v)){res.put(v,Stream.of(i[0]).collect(Collectors.toList()));
}else{res.get(v).add(i[0]);}i[0]++;},Map::putAll);}public static<T>Map<T,List<Integer>>
mapi(final Stream<T>a){return mapi(a,null);}public static<T>Map<T,List<Integer>>
mapi(final Collection<T>a,Comparator<T>cmp){return mapi(a.stream(),cmp);}public 
static<T>Map<T,List<Integer>>mapi(final Collection<T>a){return mapi(a.stream());
}public static List<int[]>listi(final int[]a){return IntStream.range(0,a.length).mapToObj(i
->new int[]{a[i],i}).collect(Collectors.toList());}public static List<long[]>listi(final 
long[]a){return IntStream.range(0,a.length).mapToObj(i->new long[]{a[i],i}).collect(Collectors.toList());
}public static<T>List<Pair<T,Integer>>listi(final T[]a){return IntStream.range(0,
a.length).mapToObj(i->new Pair<T,Integer>(a[i],i)).collect(Collectors.toList());
}public static List<int[]>listi(final IntStream a){int[]i=new int[]{0};return a.mapToObj(v
->new int[]{v,i[0]++}).collect(Collectors.toList());}public static List<long[]>listi(final 
LongStream a){int[]i=new int[]{0};return a.mapToObj(v->new long[]{v,i[0]++}).collect(Collectors.toList());
}public static<T>List<Pair<T,Integer>>listi(final Stream<T>a){int[]i=new int[]{0};
return a.map(v->new Pair<T,Integer>(v,i[0]++)).collect(Collectors.toList());}public 
static<T>List<Pair<T,Integer>>listi(final Collection<T>a){int[]i=new int[]{0};return 
a.stream().map(v->new Pair<T,Integer>(v,i[0]++)).collect(Collectors.toList());}public 
static String join(final int[]a){return Arrays.stream(a).mapToObj(Integer::toString).collect(Collectors.joining(SPACE));
}public static String join(final long[]a){return Arrays.stream(a).mapToObj(Long::toString).collect(Collectors.joining(SPACE));
}public static<T>String join(final T[]a){return Arrays.stream(a).map(v->Objects.toString(v)).collect(Collectors.joining(SPACE));
}public static<T>String join(final T[]a,final Function<T,String>toString){return 
Arrays.stream(a).map(v->toString.apply(v)).collect(Collectors.joining(SPACE));}public 
static<T>String join(final Collection<T>a){return a.stream().map(v->Objects.toString(v)).collect(Collectors.joining(SPACE));
}public static<T>String join(final Collection<T>a,final Function<T,String>toString)
{return a.stream().map(v->toString.apply(v)).collect(Collectors.joining(SPACE));
}public static<T>String join(final Stream<T>a){return a.map(v->Objects.toString(v)).collect(Collectors.joining(SPACE));
}public static<T>String join(final Stream<T>a,final Function<T,String>toString){
return a.map(v->toString.apply(v)).collect(Collectors.joining(SPACE));}public static
<T>String join(final IntStream a){return a.mapToObj(Integer::toString).collect(Collectors.joining(SPACE));
}public static<T>String join(final LongStream a){return a.mapToObj(Long::toString).collect(Collectors.joining(SPACE));
}public static List<Integer>list(final int[]a){return Arrays.stream(a).mapToObj(Integer::valueOf).collect(Collectors.toList());
}public static List<Integer>list(final IntStream a){return a.mapToObj(Integer::valueOf).collect(Collectors.toList());
}public static List<Long>list(final long[]a){return Arrays.stream(a).mapToObj(Long::valueOf).collect(Collectors.toList());
}public static List<Long>list(final LongStream a){return a.mapToObj(Long::valueOf).collect(Collectors.toList());
}public static<T>List<T>list(final Stream<T>a){return a.collect(Collectors.toList());
}public static<T>List<T>list(final Collection<T>a){return a.stream().collect(Collectors.toList());
}public static<T>List<T>list(final T[]a){return Arrays.stream(a).collect(Collectors.toList());
}public static String yesNo(final boolean res){return res?"YES":"NO";}}}
