import java.util.*;
import java.io.*;
public class C619
{
    public static void main(String [] args)
    {
        MyScanner sc = new MyScanner();
        PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(new BufferedOutputStream(System.out));
        int t = sc.nextInt();
        while (t > 0) {
            int n = sc.nextInt();
            int m = sc.nextInt();
            long total = ((n + 1) * n) / 2;
            int size = (n-m) / (m + 1); int rem = (n-m)%(m+1);
            int small = m + 1 - rem; int large = rem;
            long bad = small * (size + 1) * size / 2 + large * (size + 2) * (size + 1) / 2;
            out.println(total - bad);
            t--;
        }

        out.close();
    }


    //-----------MyScanner class for faster input----------
    public static class MyScanner {
        BufferedReader br;
        StringTokenizer st;

        public MyScanner() {
            br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
        }

        String next() {
            while (st == null || !st.hasMoreElements()) {
                try {
                    st = new StringTokenizer(br.readLine());
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            return st.nextToken();
        }

        int nextInt() {
            return Integer.parseInt(next());
        }

        long nextLong() {
            return Long.parseLong(next());
        }

        double nextDouble() {
            return Double.parseDouble(next());
        }

        String nextLine(){
            String str = "";
            try {
                str = br.readLine();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            return str;
        }



    }

}