
import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;

/**
 * A simple template for competitive programming problems.
 */
public class Solution {
    //final InputReader in = new InputReader("input.txt");
    final InputReader in = new InputReader(System.in);

    final PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(System.out);

    final int mod = 1000000007;
    final int MAX = 1000001;

    void solve() {
        int t = in.nextInt();
        while(t-->0) {
            int n = in.nextInt();
            int m = in.nextInt();
            long div = (n-m)/(m+1);
            long rem = (n-m)%(m+1);

            long small = m+1-rem;
            long big = rem;

            long bad = (long) small * div * (div+1) / 2;
            bad += big * (div+1) * (div+2) / 2;

            long total = (long) n*(n+1)/2;
            out.println(total-bad);
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws FileNotFoundException { Solution s = new Solution(); s.solve(); s.out.close(); }

    public Solution() throws FileNotFoundException { }

    private static class InputReader {
        private final InputStream stream;
        private final byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
        private int curChar;
        private int numChars;

        InputReader(InputStream stream) {
            this.stream = stream;
        }

        InputReader(String fileName) {
            InputStream stream = null;
            try {
                stream = new FileInputStream(fileName);
            } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            this.stream = stream;
        }

        int[] nextArray(int n) {
            int[] arr = new int[n];
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
                arr[i] = nextInt();
            return arr;
        }

        int[][] nextMatrix(int n, int m) {
            int[][] matrix = new int[n][m];
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
                for (int j = 0; j < m; j++)
                    matrix[i][j] = nextInt();
            return matrix;
        }

        String nextLine() {
            int c = read();
            while (isSpaceChar(c))
                c = read();
            StringBuilder res = new StringBuilder();
            do {
                res.appendCodePoint(c);
                c = read();
            } while (!isEndOfLine(c));
            return res.toString();
        }

        String nextString() {
            int c = read();
            while (isSpaceChar(c))
                c = read();
            StringBuilder res = new StringBuilder();
            do {
                res.appendCodePoint(c);
                c = read();
            } while (!isSpaceChar(c));
            return res.toString();
        }

        long nextLong() {
            int c = read();
            while (isSpaceChar(c))
                c = read();
            int sgn = 1;
            if (c == '-') {
                sgn = -1;
                c = read();
            }
            long res = 0;
            do {
                if (c < '0' || c > '9') throw new InputMismatchException();
                res *= 10;
                res += c - '0';
                c = read();
            } while (!isSpaceChar(c));
            return res * sgn;
        }

        int nextInt() {
            int c = read();
            while (isSpaceChar(c))
                c = read();
            int sgn = 1;
            if (c == '-') {
                sgn = -1;
                c = read();
            }
            int res = 0;
            do {
                if (c < '0' || c > '9') throw new InputMismatchException();
                res *= 10;
                res += c - '0';
                c = read();
            } while (!isSpaceChar(c));
            return res * sgn;
        }

        double nextDouble() {
            return Double.parseDouble(nextString());
        }

        private int read() {
            if (numChars == -1) throw new InputMismatchException();
            if (curChar >= numChars) {
                curChar = 0;
                try { numChars = stream.read(buf); }
                catch (IOException e) { throw new InputMismatchException(); }
                if (numChars <= 0) return -1;
            }
            return buf[curChar++];
        }

        private boolean isSpaceChar(int c) { return c == ' ' || c == '\n' || c == '\r' || c == '\t' || c == -1; }

        private boolean isEndOfLine(int c) { return c == '\n' || c == '\r' || c == -1; }
    }


}