//189301019.akshay
import java.io.BufferedReader; 
import java.io.IOException; 
import java.io.InputStreamReader; 
import java.util.Scanner; 
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.StringTokenizer; 
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Collections;

public class C 
{ 
    public static void main(String[] args) 
	{ 
		FastReader sc=new FastReader(); 
		StringBuffer ans=new StringBuffer();
		int test=sc.nextInt();
		while(test-->0)
		{
			long n=sc.nextLong(),m=sc.nextLong();
			
			if(n == m) {
				ans.append(val(n)+"\n");
				continue;
			}
			
			long partitions =(n-m)/(m+1l);
			
			long toMinus=0l;
			toMinus +=(val(partitions) *(m+1l));
			toMinus +=(((n-m)%(m+1))*(partitions+1l));
			
			long total =val(n)-toMinus;
			ans.append(total+"\n");
		}
		
	    System.out.print(ans);
	} 
    
    static long val(long x) {
    	return (x*(x+1l))/2l;
    }
    
    static final Random random=new Random();
    
	static void ruffleSort(int[] a) {
		int n=a.length;//shuffle, then sort 
		for (int i=0; i<n; i++) {
			int oi=random.nextInt(n), temp=a[oi];
			a[oi]=a[i]; a[i]=temp;
		}
		Arrays.sort(a);
	}
	
	static void ruffleSort(long[] a) {
		int n=a.length;//shuffle, then sort 
		for (int i=0; i<n; i++) {
			int oi=random.nextInt(n);
			long temp=a[oi];
			a[oi]=a[i]; a[i]=temp;
		}
		Arrays.sort(a);
	}
	
	static class FastReader 
	{ 
		BufferedReader br; 
		StringTokenizer st; 

		public FastReader() 
		{ 
			br = new BufferedReader(new
					InputStreamReader(System.in)); 
		} 

		String next() 
		{ 
			while (st == null || !st.hasMoreElements()) 
			{ 
				try
				{ 
					st = new StringTokenizer(br.readLine()); 
				} 
				catch (IOException e) 
				{ 
					e.printStackTrace(); 
				} 
			} 
			return st.nextToken(); 
		} 

		int nextInt() 
		{ 
			return Integer.parseInt(next()); 
		} 

		long nextLong() 
		{ 
			return Long.parseLong(next()); 
		} 

		double nextDouble() 
		{ 
			return Double.parseDouble(next()); 
		} 

		String nextLine() 
		{ 
			String str = ""; 
			try
			{ 
				str = br.readLine(); 
			} 
			catch (IOException e) 
			{ 
				e.printStackTrace(); 
			} 
			return str; 
		} 
	} 


} 
