import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.InputStream;

/**
 * Built using CHelper plug-in
 * Actual solution is at the top
 *
 * @author Jaynil
 */
public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        InputStream inputStream = System.in;
        OutputStream outputStream = System.out;
        InputReader in = new InputReader(inputStream);
        PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(outputStream);
        CAyoubsFunction solver = new CAyoubsFunction();
        int testCount = Integer.parseInt(in.next());
        for (int i = 1; i <= testCount; i++)
            solver.solve(i, in, out);
        out.close();
    }

    static class CAyoubsFunction {
        public void solve(int testNumber, InputReader in, PrintWriter out) {
            long n = in.nextLong();
            long m = in.nextLong();
            long zeros = n - m;
            long part = m + 1;
            long up = (zeros + part) / (part);
            long ans = (n * (n + 1)) / 2;
            long subb = ((up * part) - zeros);
            long sub = (up * (up + 1) * (part - subb)) / 2 + (up * (up - 1) * (subb)) / 2;
            ans -= sub;
            out.println(ans);
        }

    }

    static class InputReader {
        public BufferedReader reader;
        public StringTokenizer tokenizer;

        public InputReader(InputStream stream) {
            reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(stream), 32768);
            tokenizer = null;
        }

        public String next() {
            while (tokenizer == null || !tokenizer.hasMoreTokens()) {
                try {
                    tokenizer = new StringTokenizer(reader.readLine());
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    throw new RuntimeException(e);
                }
            }
            return tokenizer.nextToken();
        }

        public long nextLong() {
            return Long.parseLong(next());
        }

    }
}

