5 3
 1000 3
 777 17
 4 3
 2 2
 100 4
 10 4
 999 2
 6 4
 1 2
 17 3
 1 4
 26 8
 91 5
 1 3
 1000 2
 20 3
 9 4
 123 5
 1000 1000
 3 2
 3 3
 80 970
 1000 4
 1 1000

7
 1499
 825
 5
 3
 133
 13
 1997
 7
 1
 25
 1
 29
 113
 1
 1999
 29
 11
 153
 1001
 5
 4
 80
 1333
 1

import java.util.Scanner;

public class NewYearCandles {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);

        int a = input.nextInt();
        int b = input.nextInt();

        int sum = a;

        int left = a / b;
        int remainder = a % b;

        while (true) {

            if (left != 0) {
                sum += left;
                left = left / b;
                remainder += left % b;
                if (remainder >= b) {
                    left++;
                    remainder -= b;
                }
            } else {
                break;
            }
        }
        System.out.println(sum);
    }
}
