passages: 2093
passages: document
passages: A novel approach to the use of subgingival controlled-release chlorhexidine delivery in chronic periodontitis : a randomized clinical trial . BACKGROUND We aimed to analyze clinical , microbiologic , and serologic effects of chlorhexidine ( CHX ) chips used as a subgingival controlled-release delivery device before and immediately after scaling and root planing ( SRP ) . METHODS Twenty-four patients presenting with ≥12 teeth with probing depth ( PD ) ≥5 mm and bleeding on probing were assigned in test or control groups . After prophylaxis , CHX chips ( test ) or placebo chips ( control ) were placed in pockets with PD ≥5 mm . Ten days later , SRP was performed in all teeth with PD ≥4 mm in a single appointment . Immediately after SRP , new chips were inserted in all pockets with PD ≥5 mm . Parameters were assessed at baseline ; beginning of SRP ; and 1 , 3 , and 6 months after treatment . Subgingival samples were obtained at baseline ; beginning of SRP ; and at 1 month after treatment . Periodontal pathogens Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans , Porphyromonas gingivalis , Prevotella intermedia , Tannerella forsythia , and Treponema denticola were analyzed . Serum levels of high sensitive C-reactive and lipopolysaccharide-binding proteins were measured . The changes of the parameters between and within the groups were tested by Mann-Whitney U test ( P < 0.05 ) . RESULTS All clinical and serologic parameters improved in both groups over time . There was a significant difference in clinical attachment level ( CAL ) gain from baseline to 6 months between groups ( 1.17 mm in the test group versus 0.79 mm in the placebo group ) ( P < 0.05 ) . The treatment with CHX chips showed a greater reduction of the microorganisms of the " red complex " after 1 month ( P = 0.02 ) . CONCLUSION The use of CHX chips before and immediately after SRP improved CAL and reduced the subgingival microorganisms of the red complex in the treatment of chronic periodontitis .
entities: 2094
entities: Intervention_Pharmacological
entities: chlorhexidine
entities: 2095
entities: Intervention_Pharmacological
entities: chlorhexidine ( CHX )
entities: 2096
entities: Intervention_Control
entities: placebo
entities: 2097
entities: Outcome_Physical
entities: clinical
entities: 2098
entities: Outcome_Physical
entities: microbiologic
entities: 2099
entities: Outcome_Physical
entities: serologic effects
entities: 2100
entities: Outcome_Physical
entities: clinical attachment level ( CAL )
entities: 2101
entities: Outcome_Physical
entities: reduction of the microorganisms of the " red
entities: 2102
entities: Outcome_Physical
entities: subgingival microorganisms of the red
entities: 2103
entities: Participant_Condition
entities: chronic periodontitis :
entities: 2104
entities: Participant_Sample-size
entities: Twenty-four
entities: 2105
entities: Participant_Condition
entities: patients