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passages: Efficacy and safety of selamectin against fleas and heartworms in dogs and cats presented as veterinary patients in North America . A series of randomized , controlled , masked field studies was conducted to assess the efficacy and safety of selamectin in the treatment of flea infestations on dogs and cats , and in the prevention of heartworm infection in dogs . In addition , observations were made on the beneficial effect of selamectin treatment on dogs and cats showing signs of flea allergy dermatitis ( FAD ) . In all studies selamectin was applied topically , once per month , in unit doses providing a minimum dosage of 6mgkg ( -1 ) . Dogs and cats with naturally occurring flea infestations , some of which also had signs associated with FAD , were assigned randomly to receive three months of topical treatment with selamectin ( 220 dogs , 189 cats ) or a positive-control product ( dogs : fenthion , n=81 ; cats : pyrethrins , n=66 ) . Selamectin was administered on days 0 , 30 , and 60 . Day 0 was defined as the day that the animal first received treatment . Flea burdens were assessed by flea comb counts and clinical evaluations of FAD were performed before treatment , and on days 14 , 30 , 60 , and 90 . On days 30 , 60 , and 90 , mean flea counts in selamectin-treated dogs were reduced by 92.1 , 99.0 , and 99.8 % , and mean flea counts in fenthion-treated dogs were reduced by 81.5 , 86.8 , and 86.1 % , respectively , compared with day 0 counts . Also , on days 30 , 60 , and 90 , mean flea counts in selamectin-treated cats were reduced by 92.5 , 98.3 , and 99.3 % , and mean flea counts in pyrethrin-treated cats were reduced by 66.4 , 73.9 , and 81.3 % , respectively , compared with day 0 counts . Selamectin also was beneficial in alleviating signs in dogs and cats diagnosed clinically with FAD . A total of 397 dogs free of adult heartworm infection from four heartworm-endemic areas of the USA were allocated randomly to six months of treatment with selamectin ( n=298 ) or ivermectin ( n=99 ) . Selamectin achieved a heartworm prevention rate of 100 % , with all dogs testing negative for microfilariae and adult heartworm antigen on days 180 and 300 . Selamectin was administered to a total of 673 dogs and 347 cats having an age range of 6 weeks to 19 years ( 3954 doses ) . The animals included 19 purebred or crossbred Collies ( Bearded , Border , and unspecified ) . There were no serious adverse events . Results of these studies indicated that selamectin was highly effective in the control of flea infestations in dogs and cats without the need for simultaneous treatment of the environment or of in-contact animals and also was beneficial in alleviating signs associated with FAD . Selamectin also was 100 % effective in preventing the development of canine heartworms and was safe for topical use in dogs and cats .
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entities: Intervention_Pharmacological
entities: selamectin
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entities: Intervention_Pharmacological
entities: selamectin
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entities: Intervention_Pharmacological
entities: selamectin
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entities: Intervention_Pharmacological
entities: selamectin
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entities: Intervention_Pharmacological
entities: selamectin
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entities: Intervention_Pharmacological
entities: fenthion
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entities: Intervention_Pharmacological
entities: pyrethrins
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entities: Intervention_Pharmacological
entities: Selamectin
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entities: Intervention_Pharmacological
entities: selamectin-treated
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entities: Intervention_Pharmacological
entities: Selamectin
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entities: Intervention_Pharmacological
entities: selamectin
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entities: Intervention_Pharmacological
entities: ivermectin
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entities: Intervention_Pharmacological
entities: Selamectin
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entities: Selamectin
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entities: Intervention_Pharmacological
entities: selamectin
entities: 275
entities: Intervention_Pharmacological
entities: Selamectin
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entities: Outcome_Other
entities: Efficacy
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entities: safety
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entities: efficacy
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entities: safety
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entities: flea comb counts
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entities: Outcome_Physical
entities: clinical evaluations of FAD
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entities: Outcome_Other
entities: mean flea counts
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entities: mean flea counts
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entities: mean flea counts
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entities: Outcome_Other
entities: mean flea counts
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entities: Outcome_Physical
entities: heartworm prevention rate
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entities: Outcome_Adverse-effects
entities: adverse events .
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entities: effective
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entities: Outcome_Physical
entities: signs associated with FAD .
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entities: heartworms
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entities: Outcome_Other
entities: safe
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entities: Participant_Condition
entities: dogs and cats presented as veterinary patients in North America .
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entities: Participant_Condition
entities: dogs and cats
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entities: Participant_Condition
entities: dogs and cats showing signs of flea allergy dermatitis ( FAD ) .
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entities: Participant_Condition
entities: Dogs and cats with naturally occurring flea infestations , some of which also had signs associated with FAD
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entities: Participant_Sample-size
entities: 220 dogs , 189 cats
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entities: Participant_Condition
entities: dogs and cats diagnosed clinically with FAD .
entities: 298
entities: Participant_Sample-size
entities: 397
entities: 299
entities: Participant_Condition
entities: dogs free of adult heartworm infection from four heartworm-endemic areas of the USA
entities: 300
entities: Participant_Sample-size
entities: 673 dogs and 347 cats
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entities: Participant_Sample-size
entities: 19
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entities: Participant_Condition
entities: purebred or crossbred Collies ( Bearded , Border , and unspecified ) .
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entities: Participant_Condition
entities: dogs and cats
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entities: Participant_Condition
entities: dogs and cats .