passages: 898
passages: document
passages: A randomized comparison of alternative techniques to achieve coronary sinus cannulation during biventricular implantation procedures . INTRODUCTION Biventricular pacing system implantation is a time-consuming and challenging procedure . A critical step in biventricular pacemaker implantation is coronary sinus ( CS ) cannulation . CS cannulation can be achieved either using dedicated guiding catheters ( guiding catheter alone positioning strategy , GCA ) or with the aid of an electrophysiology catheter advanced inside the guiding catheter ( electrophysiology catheter aided positioning strategy , EPA ) . AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate whether the EPA technique is useful for reducing CS cannulation time compared to a conventional GCA technique . METHODS Thirty-four consecutive patients were randomly assigned to the GCA ( 18 patients ) or EPA ( 16 patients ) CS cannulation strategy . RESULTS Time to successful catheterization of CS was 5.0 +/- 2.4 min in the EPA group versus 10.1 +/- 5.4 min in the GCA group p = 0.004 . Fluoroscopy time was 4.6 +/- 2.3 min in the EPA group versus 9.2 +/- 4.9 min in the GCA group p = 0.004 . Total contrast dye volume to search and engage the CS ostium was 0.0 ml in the EPA group versus 14.3 +/- 3.4 ml in the GCA group p < 0.001 . CONCLUSIONS Cannulation of CS with the adjunct of an electrophysiology catheter to dedicated delivery systems significantly reduces procedural time , fluoroscopy time and contrast dye volume compared to a conventional strategy .
entities: 899
entities: Intervention_Physical
entities: catheters
entities: 900
entities: Intervention_Physical
entities: guiding catheter alone
entities: 901
entities: Intervention_Surgical
entities: GCA
entities: 902
entities: Intervention_Physical
entities: electrophysiology catheter advanced
entities: 903
entities: Intervention_Physical
entities: electrophysiology catheter aided
entities: 904
entities: Intervention_Physical
entities: EPA
entities: 905
entities: Intervention_Physical
entities: GCA
entities: 906
entities: Intervention_Physical
entities: GCA
entities: 907
entities: Intervention_Physical
entities: EPA
entities: 908
entities: Intervention_Physical
entities: EPA
entities: 909
entities: Intervention_Physical
entities: GCA
entities: 910
entities: Intervention_Physical
entities: EPA
entities: 911
entities: Intervention_Physical
entities: GCA
entities: 912
entities: Intervention_Physical
entities: EPA
entities: 913
entities: Intervention_Physical
entities: GCA
entities: 914
entities: Outcome_Physical
entities: CS cannulation time
entities: 915
entities: Outcome_Physical
entities: Time to successful catheterization of CS
entities: 916
entities: Outcome_Physical
entities: Fluoroscopy time
entities: 917
entities: Outcome_Physical
entities: contrast dye volume
entities: 918
entities: Outcome_Physical
entities: procedural time , fluoroscopy time
entities: 919
entities: Outcome_Physical
entities: contrast dye volume
entities: 920
entities: Participant_Condition
entities: biventricular implantation
entities: 921
entities: Participant_Sample-size
entities: Thirty-four
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entities: Participant_Condition
entities: consecutive patients