passages: 1386
passages: document
passages: In school-aged children a combination of galacto-oligosaccharides and Lactobacillus GG increases bifidobacteria more than Lactobacillus GG on its own . The aim of this study was to compare a combination of Lactobacillus GG ( LGG ) and galacto-oligosaccharides ( GOS ) with LGG on its own , and their effects on the intestinal microbiota in school-aged children . The randomized , double-blinded , crossover study comprised 30 healthy children . There were two 3-week study periods with a 4-week wash-out period in between . The children ingested daily 65 ml of milk-based fruit juice containing either LGG alone ( 6.5 x 10 ( 9 ) CFU ) or LGG plus 2 g of GOS . Symptom diaries were filled during the study periods . Fecal samples were collected at the beginning and end of both study periods . At the end of both study periods , the amount of bifidobacteria was significantly greater after the ingestion of LGG + GOS compared with LGG alone ( geometric mean 9.33 x 10 ( 9 ) vs. 4.28 x 10 ( 9 ) CFU/g , p < 0.001 ) . No significant differences were seen in the amount of lactobacilli or LGG , nor did gastrointestinal symptoms , defecation frequency , consistency of stools or ease of defecation differ between the two study periods . Ingestion of LGG combined with 2 g of GOS increased the bifidobacteria more than LGG on its own and thus GOS clearly has a prebiotic effect in children . The children tolerated well a daily intake of 2 g of GOS .
entities: 1387
entities: Intervention_Pharmacological
entities: galacto-oligosaccharides
entities: 1388
entities: Intervention_Pharmacological
entities: Lactobacillus GG
entities: 1389
entities: Intervention_Pharmacological
entities: Lactobacillus GG
entities: 1390
entities: Intervention_Pharmacological
entities: Lactobacillus GG ( LGG )
entities: 1391
entities: Intervention_Pharmacological
entities: galacto-oligosaccharides ( GOS )
entities: 1392
entities: Intervention_Pharmacological
entities: LGG
entities: 1393
entities: Intervention_Pharmacological
entities: LGG
entities: 1394
entities: Intervention_Pharmacological
entities: LGG
entities: 1395
entities: Intervention_Pharmacological
entities: GOS .
entities: 1396
entities: Intervention_Pharmacological
entities: LGG + GOS
entities: 1397
entities: Intervention_Pharmacological
entities: LGG
entities: 1398
entities: Intervention_Pharmacological
entities: LGG
entities: 1399
entities: Intervention_Pharmacological
entities: LGG
entities: 1400
entities: Intervention_Pharmacological
entities: GOS
entities: 1401
entities: Intervention_Pharmacological
entities: LGG
entities: 1402
entities: Intervention_Pharmacological
entities: GOS
entities: 1403
entities: Intervention_Pharmacological
entities: GOS .
entities: 1404
entities: Outcome_Physical
entities: amount of bifidobacteria
entities: 1405
entities: Outcome_Physical
entities: lactobacilli
entities: 1406
entities: Outcome_Physical
entities: gastrointestinal symptoms , defecation frequency , consistency of stools or ease of defecation
entities: 1407
entities: Outcome_Physical
entities: bifidobacteria
entities: 1408
entities: Participant_Age
entities: school-aged children
entities: 1409
entities: Participant_Sample-size
entities: 30
entities: 1410
entities: Participant_Condition
entities: healthy