Felippe Benavente Canteras, Bruna Fernanda Faria Oliveira, Silvana Moreira
Topsoil pollution in highway medians in the State of São Paulo (Brazil): determination of potentially toxic elements using synchrotron radiation total reflection X-ray fluorescence
Environmental science and pollution research international
randomized controlled trials rcts realworld evidence rwe studies crucial complementary generating clinical evidence rcts provide controlled settings validate clinical effect specific drugs medical devices rwe integrates extrinsic factors encompassing external influences affecting realworld scenarios thus challenging rct results practical applications study explore impact extrinsic factors rwe outcomes focusing dark data refers data collected used excluded analyses dark data arise many ways research process selecting study samples data collection analysis however even unused unanalyzed dark data hold potential insights providing comprehensive view clinical contexts extrinsic factors lead divergent rwe outcomes could differ rcts beyond statistical corrections scope two main types dark data exist knownunknown unknownunknown distinction dark data types highlights rwes complexity transformation unknown known depends data literacypowerful utilization capabilities interpreted based medical expertise shifting focus excluded subjects unused data realworld contexts reveals unexplored potential understanding significance dark data vital reflecting complexity clinical settings connecting rcts rwes requires medical data literacy enabling clinicians decipher meaningful insights big data artificial intelligence era medical staff must navigate data complexities promoting core role medicine prepared clinicians lead transformative journey ensuring data value shapes medical landscape