Amy Blakemore|Mark Hann|Kelly Howells|Maria Panagioti|Mark Sidaway|David Reeves|Peter Bower
Patient activation in older people with long-term conditions and multimorbidity: correlates and change in a cohort study in the United Kingdom
Manchester Academic Health Science Centre|University of Manchester|Manchester Academic Health Science Centre|University of Manchester|Manchester Academic Health Science Centre|University of Manchester|Manchester Academic Health Science Centre|University of Manchester|Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust|Manchester Academic Health Science Centre|University of Manchester|Manchester Academic Health Science Centre|University of Manchester
patient activation defined knowledge skill confidence patient managing health higher levels patient activation associated better selfmanagement better health outcomes lower healthcare costs understanding drivers patient activation allow better tailoring patient support interventions data patient activation uk patients longterm conditions prospective cohort design used questionnaires mailed 12989 patients age 65 years least one longterm condition salford uk completed patient activation measure selfreport measures depression health literacy social support healthrelated quality life impact multimorbidity report descriptive data baseline activation change time use multivariate regression model associations patient activation baseline predictors change activation 6 months cohort included 4377 336 older people 4225 mailed questionnaire 6 months 3390 returned complete 802 baseline 15 selfreported pam level 1 16 level 2 45 level 3 25 level 4 across patients depression strongest association patient activation important factors older age retired poor health literacy healthrelated quality life social support total number selfreported comorbidities perceived impact comorbidities also important patients one longterm condition patient activation scores reasonably enduring time r 043 baseline six months although nearly half changed levels activation time variables predicted change activation 6 months first large scale assessment patient activation uk data may useful identifying patients need support patient activation allow interventions health coaching tailored better support older patients longterm conditions symptoms depression poor social support impaired health literacy analyses longitudinal studies necessary better understand causal relationships patient activation variables depression