C Doidge, L Palczynski, X Zhou, A Bearth, G van Schaik, J Kaler
Exploring the data divide through a social practice lens: A qualitative study of UK cattle farmers
Preventive veterinary medicine
study investigates relationships learners perceptions highstakes test learning motivations time allotment explore mechanism test washback learning questionnaire administered 3105 chinese senior high school students descriptive statistics exploratory factor analysis standard multiple regression structural equation modelling performed study found students positive test perceptions ie validity importance better predicted intrinsic motivations ie communicative development motivations negative test perceptions ie perceptions test impact found better predict extrinsic motivation towards external requirements addition students perceptions test validity test impact direct effects learning time allotment small indirect effect development motivation requirement motivation perceptions test importance indirectly influenced learning time allotment development motivation findings important implications learning teaching