Eva Krapohl|Kaili Rimfeld|Nicholas G. Shakeshaft|Maciej Trzaskowski|Andrew McMillan|Jean?Baptiste Pingault|Kathryn Asbury|Nicole Harlaar|Yulia Kovas|Philip S. Dale|Robert Plomin
The high heritability of educational achievement reflects many genetically influenced traits, not just intelligence
King's College London|Medical Research Council|King's College London|Medical Research Council|King's College London|Medical Research Council|King's College London|Medical Research Council|King's College London|Medical Research Council|King's College London|Medical Research Council|University College London|University of York|University of Colorado Boulder|King's College London|Medical Research Council|Goldsmiths University of London|National Research Tomsk State University|University of New Mexico|King's College London|Medical Research Council
educational achievement end compulsory schooling represents major tipping point life understanding causes correlates important individual children families society identify general ingredients educational achievement using multivariate design goes beyond intelligence consider wide range predictors selfefficacy personality behavior problems assess independent joint contributions educational achievement use genetically sensitive design address question educational achievement highly heritable focus results united kingdomwide examination general certificate secondary education gcse administered end compulsory education age 16 gcse scores obtained 13306 twins age 16 also assessed contemporaneously 83 scales condensed nine broad psychological domains including intelligence selfefficacy personality wellbeing behavior problems mean gcse core subjects english mathematics science heritable 62 nine predictor domains 3558 domains correlates significantly gcse results correlations largely mediated genetically main finding although intelligence accounts heritability gcse single domain domains collectively account much gcse heritability intelligence together intelligence domains account 75 heritability gcse conclude high heritability educational achievement reflects many genetically influenced traits intelligence