Ilknur Kahriman, Bahar Aksoy, Ufuk Kandaz, Ümit Arslan
Investigation of nursing students' emotional states toward challenging situations in clinical practice and metaphorical perceptions of the concept of a nurse
Nurse education in practice
body mass index bmi thresholds used eligibility criteria reduce complication risk total joint arthroplasty tja approach oversimplifies preoperative risk assessment inadvertently restricts access effective surgical treatment osteoarthritis prior survey orthopaedic surgeons united states identified complex underlying factors influence bmi considerations understand whether similar factors exist influence surgeons different healthcare system setting investigated canadian surgeons views use bmi criterion thresholds tja access crosssectional online qualitative survey conducted orthopaedic surgeons performing tja canadian healthcare system responses anonymous questions openended allow candid perspectives survey data coded systematic process followed identify major themes findings compared us surgeon perspectives sixtynine respondents mean age 490 114 years range 33 79 years mean surgical experience duration 157 114 years range 2 50 years surgeons reported variable use bmi thresholds practice twelve interconnected factors influence bmi considerations identified 1 variable evidence interpretation 2 surgical challenge 3 surgeon beliefs biases 4 hospital differences 5 access resources 6 health system bias 7 patient health status 8 patient body fat distribution 9 patient decisional burden lose weight accept risk 10 evidence gaps uncertainties 11 need innovation 12 societal views nine themes matched findings us surgeons parallel united states complex interconnected factors influence canadian orthopaedic surgeons variable use bmi restrictions tja eligibility despite different healthcare systems reimbursement models similar technical personal factors identified tja practice guidelines advising hard bmi criteria attention regarding access resources surgical training innovations address tja complexity patients large bodies critically needed future advancements sphere must balance barrier removal risk reduction ensure safe equitable surgical care study may influence surgeon behaviors regard hard bmi cutoffs tja encourage critical thought factors influence decisions surgical eligibility patients high bmi