James W. Lillard|Kelvin A. Moses|Brandon A. Mahal|Daniel J. George
Racial disparities in <scp>B</scp>lack men with prostate cancer: A literature review
Morehouse School of Medicine|Vanderbilt University Medical Center|Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center|University of Miami|Duke University
black men disproportionately affected prostate cancer pca earlier presentation aggressive disease higher mortality rates versus white men furthermore black men less access pca treatment experience longer delays diagnosis treatment review authors discuss factors contributing racial disparities present solutions improve access care increase clinical trial participation among black men pca racial disparities observed among black men pca multifaceted evolving institutional racism cultural factors include generalized mistrust health care system poor physicianpatient communication lack information pca treatment options fear pca diagnosis perceived societal stigma disease united states geographic trends racial disparities observed economic factors eg cost care recovery time cancer debt play important role racial disparities observed pca treatment outcomes racial diversity often lacking genomic precision medicine studies black men largely underrepresented key phase 3 pca trials may less willing enroll clinical trials due lack awareness lack diversity clinical trial research teams bias health care providers recommend clinical research authors propose solutions address factors include educating clinicians institutions barriers black men experience increasing diversity health care providers clinical research teams empowering black men involved treatment keys creating equity black men pca lay summary prostate cancer negatively affects black men men races history segregation mistreatment health care system may contribute mistrust among black men outcomes worse black men less likely screened receive treatment prostate cancer black men also unlikely participate clinical research making difficult investigators understand black men affected prostate cancer suggestions addressing differences include teaching physicians nurses issues black men experience getting treatment improving black men get information prostate cancer