Hamideh Zahedi, Leila Mohammadinia, Seyedeh Leila Dehghani, Sajjad Habibzadeh, Nasrin Kheibar
The association between health literacy and pedestrian safety behavior among adults: a cross-sectional study
BMC public health
students poor reading skills reading difficulties rds elevated risk bullying involvement elementary school known whether risk also later adolescence study investigated longitudinal interplay reading skills fluency comprehension victimization bullying across transition elementary middle school controlling externalizing internalizing problems sample consists 1824 students 473 girls t1 mean age 12 years 9 months 150 grade 6 classrooms whose reading fluency comprehension selfreported victimization bullying selfreported externalizing internalizing problems measured grades 6 7 9 two crosslagged panel models three timepoints fitted data separately reading fluency comprehension results indicated poorer fluency comprehension skills grade 6 predicted bullying perpetration grade 7 poorer fluency comprehension skills grade 7 predicted bullying perpetration grade 9 neither fluency comprehension longitudinally associated victimization effects reading skills bullying perpetration relatively small externalizing problems increased risk bullying others poor reading skills however important struggle reading get academic support school throughout school years social support needed