John G Eastwood, Bin B Jalaludin, Lynn A Kemp
Realist explanatory theory building method for social epidemiology: a protocol for a mixed method multilevel study of neighbourhood context and postnatal depression
SpringerPlus
recommended schoolaged children accrue 30 minutes daily moderatetovigorous physical activity mvpa school current literature inconclusive longterm associations schoolbased physical activity academic achievement study use large sample longitudinal design rigorously evaluate whether schoolday mvpa associated academic achievement diverse suburban public school district 4936 grade 4 students recruited 40 elementary schools students wore accelerometers measure schoolday mvpa 15 days across three semesters academic performance data collected across grade 3 fall grade 5 spring including teacherassigned grades standardized test scores multilevel modeling conducted controlling student demographics school characteristics crosssectional analyses found small negative associations grade 4 grade 4 fullyear mean daily schoolday mvpa 0066 0063 0066 0058 associations p 0001 grade 4 math reading spelling writing grades respectively grade 4 fullyear mean daily schoolday mvpa 0206 0283 p 0001 associations grade 4 math english language arts ela standardized test scores respectively approximately 500 points longitudinal analyses found significant associations grade 4 fullyear mean daily schoolday mvpa grade 5 fall course grades results also indicated small negative associations students attaining 30 minutes daily schoolday mvpa compared attaining less 15 minutes grade 4 fall crosssectional analyses teacherassigned reading spelling writing grades 1666 1638 1993 points lower respectively p 0001 crosssectional findings statistically significant negative direction negligible association translated practically example even students attained twice recommended amount schoolday mvpa would constitute approximately 300 increase current levels results suggest grades would decrease 2 points 100point scale furthermore longitudinal analyses suggest schoolday mvpa predictive association course grades standardized test scores findings suggest schoolbased mvpa implemented accordance recommendations meaningfully detract academic progress clinicaltrialsgov nct03765047 registered 05 december 2018 retrospectively registered httpsclinicaltrialsgovct2shownct03765047