Zelhendri Zen, Reflianto, Syamsuar, Farida Ariani
Academic achievement: the effect of project-based online learning method and student engagement
Heliyon
compare extent cytopenias systemic immune inflammation index hospitalised coronavirus disease2019 patients first secondthird waves pandemic retrospective crosssectional study conducted october 2021 fatima memorial hospital lahore pakistan comprised data hospitalised coronavirus disease2019 patients regardless age gender may 2020 june 2021 data segregated first wave lasted may july 2020 second wave lasted early november middecember 2020 third wave ranged midmarch june 2021 comparison purposes data first wave group data second third waves pooled group b age gender comorbidities requirement ventilator support outcome patients noted inflammatory markers compared basis complete blood count systemic immuneinflammation index data data analysed using spss 25 202 patients 90445 group 112554 group b 108535 males 94465 females median age males 58 years interquartile range 21 years 56 years interquartile range 21 years females neutrophilia p0001 leukocytosis p0001 lymphocytopenia p0001 direct association increased systemic immuneinflammation raised systemic immuneinflammation also association increased requirement ventilator support p02 increased mortality p0001 females critical patients patients anaemia leukopenia lymphocytopenia thrombocytopenia group b compared group p005 need ventilator support mortality also higher group b compared group p005 indicators analysed worse second third waves coronavirus disease2019 compared first wave pandemic