Michael Rouse, Jessica R Newman, Charles Waller, Jennifer Fink
R.I.M.E. and reason: multi-station OSCE enhancement to neutralize grade inflation
Medical education online
heart failure hf prevalent condition worldwide hf selfcare set behaviors necessary improving patient outcomes study aims review summarize individual systemrelated factors associated hf selfcare published last seven years jan 2015 dec 2021 using socioecological model review framework experienced nursing librarian assisted authors literature searches cinahl plus full text ovid nursing psychinfo pubmed databases peerreviewed descriptive studies inclusion criteria hf sample selfcare outcome variable quantitative descriptive design describing individual andor systemlevel factors associated selfcare exclusion criteria interventional qualitative studies reviews published 2015 nonenglish one selfcare behavior outcome variable search yielded 1649 articles duplicates removed 710 articles screened 90 included fulltext review subset 52 articles met inclusion exclusion criteria study quality evaluated using modified strobe criteria study findings quantitated displayed based socioecological levels selfcare confidence hf knowledge education level health literacy social support age depressive symptoms cognitive dysfunction frequently cited variables associated selfcare factors measured individual level socioecological model factors measured microsystem level none measured exosystem macrosystem level researchers need balance investigation individual behaviors associated hf selfcare systemlevel factors may associated selfcare better address health disparities inequity