Darius Endlich, Wolfgang Lenhard, Peter Marx, Tobias Richter
Differential Switch Costs in Typically Achieving Children and Children With Mathematical Difficulties
Journal of learning disabilities
purpose study explore functional health literacy fhl numeracy skills insulintreated type 2 diabetes mellitus t2dm patient population impact diabetes selfcare activities nonexperimental crosssectional quantitative design used study sample consisted 102 t2dm patients insulin therapy including 42 males 60 females mean age 6475 years sd 9180 average diabetes duration 1076 years sd 6702 independent variables sociodemographic variables eg age educational level etc diabetes healthrelated factors eg duration diabetes years frequency blood glucose testingday etc study participants completed reading comprehension exercise short test functional health literacy stofhla shortened version diabetes numeracy test dnt15 specifically evaluates numeracy skills patients living diabetes associations variables examined spearmans rank correlation multivariate regression analysis performed examine whether measured fhl skills impact diabetes selfcare activities found dnt15 test 0174 t96 2412 p 0018 significant effect frequency blood glucose testingday moreover problem areas patients t2dm mostly included multistep calculations according food label interpretations adequate insulin dosage based current blood glucose levels carbohydrate intake results regression analyses spearmans rank correlation indicated limited fhl diabetes numeracy skills influenced participants behaviors related selfmanagement also affected health outcomes thus besides personalization insulin treatment indispensable provide precise information different types insulin administration refined educational materials based medical nutrition therapy