Kenneth R Allison, Anne N Philipneri, Karen Vu-Nguyen, Heather E Manson, John J M Dwyer, Erin Hobin, Bessie Ng, Ye Li
School and classroom effects on Daily Physical Activity (DPA) policy implementation fidelity in Ontario classrooms: a multi-level analysis
BMC public health
schoollocated influenza vaccination slv programs efficiently immunize large numbers schoolaged children evaluated impact slv laboratoryconfirmed influenza absenteeism active surveillance influenzalike illness ili conducted 4455 children 4 slv intervention 4 control elementary schools grades k6 matched sociodemographic characteristics 20102011 influenza season los angeles county california combined nosethroat swabs collected febrile children ili presentation school nurse absenteeism slv schools 269466 enrolled students received least 1 dose either inactivated live attenuated influenza vaccine compared 0843 control schools polymerase chain reaction respiratory viruses pcr performed 1021 specimens obtained 898 children specimens positive influenza 217 213 including 2009 h1n1 309 h3 92 b 599 children attending slv schools regardless vaccination status 308 95 confidence interval 101468 less likely acquire influenza compared children control schools unvaccinated children indirectly protected school nearly 50 vaccination coverage compared control schools influenza rate 271 vs 600 per 1000 children p 023 unvaccinated children missed school days vaccinated children 43 vs 28 days per 100 school days p 001 vaccination least quarter school population resulted decreased influenza rates improved school attendance herd immunity unvaccinated children may occur schools vaccination coverage approaching 50