Hyunjoon Park|Pearl Kyei
Literacy Gaps by Educational Attainment: A Cross-National Analysis
existing crossnational research educational attainment fully address whether level educational attainment generates level literacy skills different countries analyze literacy skills data young adults 19 countries 19941998 international adult literacy survey find countries individuals higher level educational attainment tend greater literacy skills however substantial variation across countries size literacy gaps levels educational attainment particular young adults united states show largest literacy gaps using twolevel hierarchical linear models find crossnational differences literacy gap lesseducated individuals systematically linked degree betweenschool inequality school resources instructional materials class size teachers experience certification