Nikolaos Scarmeas|Yaakov Stern
Cognitive reserve: Implications for diagnosis and prevention of Alzheimer’s disease
Penn Presbyterian Medical Center|Penn Presbyterian Medical Center
epidemiologic evidence suggests higher occupational attainment education well increased participation intellectual social physical aspects daily life associated slower cognitive decline healthy elderly may reduce risk incident alzheimers disease ad also evidence structural functional imaging studies patients life experiences tolerate ad pathology showing signs clinical dementia hypothesized aspects life experience may result functionally efficient cognitive networks therefore provide cognitive reserve delays onset clinical manifestations dementia article review relevant literature noted associations markers cognitive reserve ad discuss possible mechanisms may explain associations