James Prochaska
Peter F. Merenda (1922-2019)
The American psychologist
research teacherchild relationships classroom environments teaching practices provided rationale constructing system observing assessing emotional instructional elements quality early childhood educational environments classroom assessment scoring system class class provides framework observing key dimensions classroom processes emotional instructional support contribute quality classroom setting preschool third grade article provides information development field testing use instrument prekindergarten data national sample 224 prekindergarten classrooms 6 states presented provide reliability validity information full range scale used majority ratings ratings reflected generally positive impressions classroom environment teacherchild interactions factor scores class related early childhood environmental rating scale ecers total score strongly related ecers interactions languagereasoning subscales implications policy professional development prekindergarten third grade discussed