Ashli-Ann Douglas, Erica L Zippert, Bethany Rittle-Johnson
Parents' numeracy beliefs and their early numeracy support: A synthesis of the literature
Advances in child development and behavior
recent years national education france developed tools identify acts violence schools allowed adjusting government policies care victims school violence also measured perspective clinical forensic medicine special discipline observing societys violence study summarized compared three similar singlecenter prospective descriptive studies conducted 1992 2002 2012 department forensic medicine university hospital lille via evaluation form completed consultations requested victims cases school violence purpose identify characteristics victims perpetrators circumstances reasons school assaults well medical administrative consequences study identified 160 attacks annually victims younger especially boys average age decreased 148 136 gender distribution showed increase female victims sex ratio decreased 291 231 location attacks changed marked increase attacks way school 10 27 recurrence attacks also rose victims previous history attacks increased 185 322 high proportion violence resulting strong psychological impact increasingly requiring psychological support 9 16 duration school cases rose sharply 20 53 2012 grade level perpetrator showed significant increase cases violence junior high school 40 67 relative stability violence elementary high schools parameters measured characterize aggressors remained stable known victims approximately 80 cases attacks part related previous disagreements since 1990s government policies prevention measurement punishment violence schools ceased grow violence attenuated identified annually government data present study show comparable trends national data progression school violence past 20 years shows trends brought forensic medicine framework discipline indeed observatory violence important role play detection fragile psychological situations violence increasing compromises pupils privacy future different forms violence strong psychological impact emphasized including influence academic achievement child development