Batoul Safieddine, Julia Grasshoff, Siegfried Geyer, Stefanie Sperlich, Jelena Epping, Johannes Beller
Type 2 diabetes in the employed population: do rates and trends differ among nine occupational sectors? An analysis using German health insurance claims data
BMC public health
objectives report 1 describe speech perception abilities longterm pediatric cochlear implant ci recipients comparing scores obtained elementary school cie 8 9 yrs scores obtained high school cihs 15 18 yrs 2 evaluate speech perception abilities demanding listening conditions ie noise lower intensity levels adolescence 3 examine relation speech perception scores speech language development longitudinal timeframe 112 teenagers part previous nationwide study 8 9yrolds n 181 received ci 2 5 yrs age test battery included 1 lexical neighborhood test lnt hard easy word lists 2 bamford kowal bench sentence test 3 childrens auditoryvisual enhancement test 4 test auditory comprehension language cie 5 peabody picture vocabulary test cihs 6 mcgarr sentences consonants correct cie cihs cihs speech perception measured optimal demanding listening conditions ie background noise lowintensity level speech perception scores compared based age test lexical difficulty stimuli listening environment optimal demanding input mode visual auditoryvisual language age group mean scores significantly increased age across two test sessions scores adolescents significantly decreased demanding listening conditions effect lexical difficulty lnt scores evidenced difference performance easy versus hard lists increased age decreased adolescents challenging listening conditions calculated curves percent correct speech perception scores lnt bamford kowal bench consonants correct mcgarr sentences plotted ageequivalent language scores test auditory comprehension language peabody picture vocabulary test achieved asymptote similar ages around 10 11 yrs average children receiving cis 2 5 yrs age exhibited significant improvement tests speech perception lipreading speech production language skills measured primary grades adolescence evidence suggests improvement speech perception scores age reflects increased spoken language level language age 10 yrs speech perception performance significantly decreased softer stimulus intensity level introduction background noise upgrades newer speech processing strategies greater use frequencymodulated systems may beneficial ameliorating performance demanding listening conditions