Catherine S. Todd|Abdullah M. S. Abed|Steffanie A. Strathdee|Paul T. Scott|B. A. M. Botros|Naqibullah Safi|Kenneth C. Earhart
HIV, Hepatitis C, and Hepatitis B Infections and Associated Risk Behavior in Injection Drug Users, Kabul, Afghanistan
University of California, San Diego|Walter Reed Army Institute of Research|University of California, San Diego|Walter Reed Army Institute of Research|Walter Reed Army Institute of Research|Walter Reed Army Institute of Research|Walter Reed Army Institute of Research
limited prevalence data hiv hepatitis b surface antigen hbsag hepatitis c virus hcv exist afghanistan studied crosssectional sample adult injection drug users idus kabul afghanistan june 2005 june 2006 study participants completed intervieweradministered questionnaires underwent testing hiv antibody hcv hbsag overall prevalences hiv hcv hbsag 30 95 confidence interval ci 1751 366 95 ci 322410 65 95 ci 4287 respectively n 464 among male idus n 463 risky behavior including sharing syringes 504 paying women sex 762 sex men boys 283 common needle sharing injecting 3 years receiving injections nonmedical providers independently associated increased risk hcv infection high prevalence risky behavior indicate kabul risk hiv epidemic scaleup harmreducing interventions urgently needed