Karen D Fairchild, Gina R Petroni, Nikole E Varhegyi, Marya L Strand, Justin B Josephsen, Susan Niermeyer, James S Barry, Jamie B Warren, Monica Rincon, Jennifer L Fang, Sumesh P Thomas, Colm P Travers, Andrea F Kane, Waldemar A Carlo, Bobbi J Byrne, Mark A Underwood, Francis R Poulain, Brenda H Law, Terri E Gorman, Tina A Leone, Dorothy I Bulas, Monica Epelman, Beth M Kline-Fath, Christian A Chisholm, John Kattwinkel
Ventilatory Assistance Before Umbilical Cord Clamping in Extremely Preterm Infants: A Randomized Clinical Trial
JAMA network open
facial pigmentation common presentation patients attending dermatology patient department opd great concern patients facial pigmentation may multifactorial rarely diagnosed accurately detailed history clinical examination pigmentary disorders cause psychological distress negatively impact quality life individual 1 study different dermoscopic patterns facial melanosis 2 estimate frequency different dermoscopic patterns patients facial hyperpigmentation attending dermatology opd recruited taking written consent detailed history taken collect demographic data clinical examination dermoscopy done patients biopsy done required descriptive statistics used describe quantitative data qualitative data presented frequency percentage clinical dermoscopic patterns study included 100 patients 15 different facial melanoses common age group affected 2140 years 53 53 cases femaletomale ratio 1631 melasma reported common cause facial melanosis constituting 49 49 total cases total melasma cases epidermal melasma constituted 22 45 cases dermal melasma constituted four 4 cases mixed melasma constituted 23 47 cases cases included lichen planus pigmentosus 14 14 facial acanthosis nigricans 14 14 periorbital hyperpigmentation 7 7 postinflammatory hyperpigmentation 4 4 exogenous ochronosis 2 2 lentigines 2 2 frictional melanosis 22 one case beckers nevus nevus ota olanzapineinduced hyperpigmentation riehls melanosis macular amyloidosis tanning melasma reported common cause facial melanosis common dermoscopic feature accentuated pseudopigment network study beneficial understanding different clinical dermoscopic patterns facial melanosis thus helping physician effectively manage conditions reduce need biopsy 1 small sample size 2 histopathological correlation done cases