Jinho Bae|Jinsoo Kim|Eun?A Kim|Keum Hyun So
The Effect of Elementary Free Inquiry Lessons Utilizing Flipped Learning with Smart Devices on the Elementary Students' Digital Literacy, 21&lt;sup&gt;st&lt;/sup&gt; Century Skills and Scientific Attitude
purpose study investigate effects free inquiry lessons utilizing flipped learning smart devices digital literacy tex21sttex century skills scientific attitude tex5thtex graders elementary school subjects study two different tex5thtex grade classes j elementary school located b metropolitan city free inquiry lessons utilizing flipped learning smart devices applied experimental group whereas comparison group taught general free inquiry lessons using ordinary teaching materials results study follows first free inquiry lessons utilizing flipped learning smart devices statistically meaningful students digital literacy second free inquiry lessons utilizing flipped learning smart devices statistically meaningful students tex21sttex century skills third free inquiry lessons utilizing flip teaching smart devices statistically meaningful students scientific attitude fourth free inquiry lessons utilizing flipped learning smart devices caused effectiveness students interests