Linda A. Lewis|Eve Zaritsky|Le Roy Heinrichs|Matilde Santos|S. Wang|Ceana Nezhat
O-194
objectivethe twodimensional 2d videodisplay one many obstacles physician must overcome performing laparoscopic surgery threedimensional 3d camera systems hope overcome challenge prior studies examining ability perform surgical tasks using 2d versus 3d camera systems shown little difference two however studies conducted using early technology subjects prior surgical experience addition unaware study compared ability learn laparoscopic tasks 3d compared 2d objective study evaluate improved ability learn perform laparoscopic tasks using currently available 3d versus 2d camera systemsdesignrandomized prospective studymaterials methodssurgically nave medical students n21 given designated standardized tasks perform using 2d 3d camera systems tested using realsim lts2000 established simulator affording several different tasks fifteen subjects performed three standardized tasks peg manipulation ring transfer bead manipulation using 2d 3d systems randomized start exercises either 2d 3d system six additional subjects randomized perform three tasks four times either 2d 3d system time required completion accuracy subjects recorded analysis results analyzed using wilcoxon chisquare testsresultsoverall difference age computer literacy game skill surgical simulator experience slight differences accuracy time tasks performed statistically different difference accuracy observed whether subject started 2d versus 3d subjects first performed tasks 2d perceived easier execute tasks 3d however subjects started 3d reported difference perception six subjects performed task four sequential times either 2d 3d learning curves showed significant differenceconclusionin small study three dimensional camera systems significantly improve novice surgeons operative accuracy ability learn rapidly surgical simulator interesting note subjects began 2d tasks 3d later perceived easier vise versa findings suggest learning laparoscopic skills hindered 2 dimensional video laparoscopy objectivethe twodimensional 2d videodisplay one many obstacles physician must overcome performing laparoscopic surgery threedimensional 3d camera systems hope overcome challenge prior studies examining ability perform surgical tasks using 2d versus 3d camera systems shown little difference two however studies conducted using early technology subjects prior surgical experience addition unaware study compared ability learn laparoscopic tasks 3d compared 2d objective study evaluate improved ability learn perform laparoscopic tasks using currently available 3d versus 2d camera systems twodimensional 2d videodisplay one many obstacles physician must overcome performing laparoscopic surgery threedimensional 3d camera systems hope overcome challenge prior studies examining ability perform surgical tasks using 2d versus 3d camera systems shown little difference two however studies conducted using early technology subjects prior surgical experience addition unaware study compared ability learn laparoscopic tasks 3d compared 2d objective study evaluate improved ability learn perform laparoscopic tasks using currently available 3d versus 2d camera systems designrandomized prospective study randomized prospective study materials methodssurgically nave medical students n21 given designated standardized tasks perform using 2d 3d camera systems tested using realsim lts2000 established simulator affording several different tasks fifteen subjects performed three standardized tasks peg manipulation ring transfer bead manipulation using 2d 3d systems randomized start exercises either 2d 3d system six additional subjects randomized perform three tasks four times either 2d 3d system time required completion accuracy subjects recorded analysis results analyzed using wilcoxon chisquare tests surgically nave medical students n21 given designated standardized tasks perform using 2d 3d camera systems tested using realsim lts2000 established simulator affording several different tasks fifteen subjects performed three standardized tasks peg manipulation ring transfer bead manipulation using 2d 3d systems randomized start exercises either 2d 3d system six additional subjects randomized perform three tasks four times either 2d 3d system time required completion accuracy subjects recorded analysis results analyzed using wilcoxon chisquare tests resultsoverall difference age computer literacy game skill surgical simulator experience slight differences accuracy time tasks performed statistically different difference accuracy observed whether subject started 2d versus 3d subjects first performed tasks 2d perceived easier execute tasks 3d however subjects started 3d reported difference perception six subjects performed task four sequential times either 2d 3d learning curves showed significant difference overall difference age computer literacy game skill surgical simulator experience slight differences accuracy time tasks performed statistically different difference accuracy observed whether subject started 2d versus 3d subjects first performed tasks 2d perceived easier execute tasks 3d however subjects started 3d reported difference perception six subjects performed task four sequential times either 2d 3d learning curves showed significant difference conclusionin small study three dimensional camera systems significantly improve novice surgeons operative accuracy ability learn rapidly surgical simulator interesting note subjects began 2d tasks 3d later perceived easier vise versa findings suggest learning laparoscopic skills hindered 2 dimensional video laparoscopy small study three dimensional camera systems significantly improve novice surgeons operative accuracy ability learn rapidly surgical simulator interesting note subjects began 2d tasks 3d later perceived easier vise versa findings suggest learning laparoscopic skills hindered 2 dimensional video laparoscopy