Sujuan Zhao, Shamim Akhter
Negative psychological and educational impacts of Corona Virus Anxiety on Chinese university students: Exploring university students' perceptions
Heliyon
challenging behaviour cb comprises various forms aggressive problematic behaviours frequently occurring children intellectual developmental disability idd autism spectrum disorder asd cb often arises impaired communication problem solving skills often met coercive measure due lack alternative strategies part caregiver also impacts caregivers due exposure physical harm high levels stress within provia project developed smartphonebased tool caregivers children idd andor asd prevent modify cb provia app systematically helps caregivers identify specific causes cb provides individualised practical guidance prevent cb consecutive coercive measures thus aiming improve health wellbeing children caregivers uncontrolled open trial enrol n 25 caregivers children aged 311 years diagnosis idd andor asd participants use proviakids app 8 weeks intervention phase participants conduct behaviour analyses instance cb app summarise identified putative causes cb situation provide recommendations regarding handling prevention cb furthermore app aggregate data available behaviour analyses identify relevant ie frequently reported risk factors measurement points baseline t0 intervention t1 12 weeks end intervention followup t2 primary outcome absolute change parental stress ebi total scale t0 t1 aspects interest changes cb severity frequency caregiver mood satisfaction parenting role efbk total scale experienced parenting competence fke total scale prepost comparisons analysed paired sample ttests provia pioneering structured behaviour analysis via smartphone assessing predefined causes cb providing feedback recommendations approach proves successful proviakids app valuable tool caregivers prevent cb improve well childrens quality life study registered httpswwwdrksdedrkswebnavigatedonavigationidtrialhtmltrialiddrks00029039 registered may 31 2022