Andrew Gibbs|Julienne Corboz|Esnat Chirwa|Carron Mann|Fazal Karim|Mohammed Shafiq|Anna Mecagni|Charlotte Maxwell-Jones|Eva Noble|Rachel Jewkes
The impacts of combined social and economic empowerment training on intimate partner violence, depression, gender norms and livelihoods among women: an individually randomised controlled trial and qualitative study in Afghanistan
South African Medical Research Council|University of KwaZulu-Natal|World Health Organization - Afghanistan|South African Medical Research Council|University of the Witwatersrand|London Women's Clinic|World Health Organization - Afghanistan|World Health Organization - Afghanistan|International Center for Research on Women|World Health Organization - Afghanistan|International Center for Research on Women|South African Medical Research Council|University of the Witwatersrand
introduction assessed whether women women international wfwi economic social empowerment programme could reduce womens experiences intimate partner violence ipv depression afghanistan methods conducted twoarm individually randomised controlled trial six urban periurban communities communities selected wfwi conflict affected showing signs economic vulnerability eg little education living extreme poverty individual eligibility female aged 1849 able consent participate one woman per household 22 months three primary outcomes assessed past year physical ipv experience past year severe ipv experience depressive symptoms blinding arms conducted intentiontotreat analysis controlling age also conducted qualitative interviews endline analysed using thematic analysis results 1461 women n933 married recruited randomised retention endline n1210 82 primary outcomes hypothesised direction showed significant impacts physical ipv adjusted aor 088 062 123 severe ipv aor 075 050 111 depressive symptoms 035 119 048 women reported reduced food insecurity 048 085 012 higher earnings 379 096 661 savings 1179 995 1364 women reported less genderinequitable attitudes 089 115 062 household decisionmaking 035 004 074 increased mobility aor 178 127 250 twentyeight indepth interviews conducted conclusion intervention impact ipv depression intervention improve livelihoods create genderequitable relationships increase womens mobility translating gains ipv depression reduction critical trial registration number nct03236948 registered 2 august 2017