Stephen B Duffull, Megan G Anakin, Daniel F B Wright
Understanding the process of clinical judgement for pharmacists when making clinical decisions
Research in social & administrative pharmacy : RSAP
introduction anorectal diseases prevalent general population may vary benign disorders malignant lesions metastasize variety proctologic symptoms associated disease incidence proctologic disease varies different cultures due dietary habits variations lifestyle present study conducted determine spectrum different proctologic diseases female patients presenting proctologic symptoms methods crosssectional study conducted surgery department mardan medical complex mardan khyber teaching hospital peshawar january 2022 january 2023 female patients proctologic symptoms included nonconsenting patients excluded obtaining detailed history examination experienced surgeon digital rectal examination proctoscopysigmoidoscopy performed necessary diagnoses made data regarding proctologic symptoms corresponding diagnoses analyzed using statistical package social sciences spss version 200 ibm spss statistics armonk ny using mean standard deviation quantitative variables frequency percentage qualitative variables results mean age 500 female study participants 383516305 range 7108 years bleeding per rectum constipation pain per rectum commonest proctologic symptoms seen 341 682 287 574 272 544 cases respectively anal fissures hemorrhoids commonest proctologic diseases seen 264 528 60 12 cases respectively conclusion bleeding per rectum commonest proctologic symptom patients anal fissures hemorrhoids commonest proctologic diseases setup bleeding per rectum hemorrhoids female population cause loss blood turn aggravate clinical picture underlying anemia