Samantha R. Paige|Julia M. Alber|Michael Stellefson|Janice L. Krieger
Missing the mark for patient engagement: mHealth literacy strategies and behavior change processes in smoking cessation apps
University of Florida|University of Florida Health|California Polytechnic State University|East Carolina University|University of Florida|University of Florida Health
examine transtheoretical model ttms processes change mhealth literacy strategies employed mobile smoking cessation appsa purposive sample 100 itunes apps coded assess descriptive price type developer userrating engagement metrics including processes change mhealth literacy strategies plain language usability interactivity oneway anovas independent samples ttests examined associations descriptive engagement metricsover half apps included 7 78 processes change fewer included selfliberation 36 reinforcement management 34 apps incorporated plain language integrated usability interactivity strategies hypnotherapy informational apps included behavioral processes change apps incorporating combination features including gaming cigarette trackers motivational coaching p001apps included behavior change processes rarely incorporated usability interactivity features promote patient engagement engagement metrics vary app userratings pricetodownload developer including forprofit organizations government educational institutionsproviders acknowledge popularity smoking cessation apps potential cessation aids communicate benefits drawbacks patients future efforts improve smoking cessation apps focus enhancing quality tailored interactive content