Elham Gheysvandi, Iman Dianat, Rashid Heidarimoghadam, Leili Tapak, Akram Karimi-Shahanjarini, Forouzan Rezapur-Shahkolai
Neck and shoulder pain among elementary school students: prevalence and its risk factors
BMC public health
examine link childhood overweight status elementary school outcomes prospective study design multivariate regression models examining association changes overweight status school outcomes kindergarten entry end third grade controlling various child family school characteristics nationally representative sample us children entered kindergarten 1998 longitudinal data body mass index bmi school outcomes kindergarten entry end third grade wide range elementary school outcomes collected wave including academic achievement math reading standardized test scores teacher reported internalizing externalizing behavior problems bp social skills selfcontrol interpersonal skills approaches learning school absences grade repetition measurements height weight wave used compute bmi indicators overweight status based cdc growth charts rich set control variables capturing child family school characteristics moving notoverweight overweight kindergarten entry end third grade significantly associated p005 reductions test scores teacher ratings socialbehavioral outcomes approaches learning among girls however link mostly absent among boys two exceptions boys became overweight significantly fewer externalizing bps p005 absences school compared boys remained normal weight alwaysoverweight associated internalizing bp among girls fewer externalizing bps among boys change overweight status first 4 years school significant risk factor adverse school outcomes among girls boys girls become overweight early school years start school overweight remain way may need monitored carefully