Barbara R. Foorman|Sarah Herrera|Yaacov Petscher|Alison Mitchell|Adrea J. Truckenmiller
The structure of oral language and reading and their relation to comprehension in Kindergarten through Grade 2
Florida State University|Florida State University|Florida State University|Florida State University|Florida State University
study examined structure oral language reading relation comprehension latent variable modeling perspective kindergarten grade 1 grade 2 participants students kindergarten n 218 grade 1 n 372 grade 2 n 273 attending title 1 schools students administered phonological awareness syntax vocabulary listening comprehension decoding fluency measures midyear outcome measures included listening comprehension measure kindergarten reading comprehension test grades1 2 kindergarten oral language consisting listening comprehension syntax vocabulary shared variance phonological awareness predicting listening comprehension outcome however grades 1 2 phonological awareness longer predictive reading comprehension decoding fluency oral language included model grades 1 2 oral language decoding fluency significant predictors reading comprehension