Shawn McGuire|Louise Sperling
Seed systems smallholder farmers use
University of East Anglia|Catholic Relief Services
seed important entry point promoting productivity nutrition resilience among smallholder farmers investments primarily focused strengthening formal sector article documents degree informal sector remains core seed acquisition especially africa conclusions drawn uniquely comprehensive data set 9660 observations across six countries covering 40 crops show farmers access 902 seed informal systems 509 deriving local markets 55 seed paid cash indicating smallholders already making important investments arena targeted interventions proposed rendering formal informal seed sector smallholderresponsive scaling positive impacts