Elina Salonen, Robert Bujila, Jean-Luc Af Geijerstam, Håkan Nyman, Olof Flodmark, Peter Aspelin, Magnus Kaijser
Academic achievement after a CT examination toward the head in childhood: Follow up of a randomized controlled trial
PloS one
emotion substantial influence cognitive processes humans including perception attention learning memory reasoning problem solving emotion particularly strong influence attention especially modulating selectivity attention well motivating action behavior attentional executive control intimately linked learning processes intrinsically limited attentional capacities better focused relevant information emotion also facilitates encoding helps retrieval information efficiently however effects emotion learning memory always univalent studies reported emotion either enhances impairs learning longterm memory retention depending range factors recent neuroimaging findings indicated amygdala prefrontal cortex cooperate medial temporal lobe integrated manner affords amygdala modulating memory consolidation ii prefrontal cortex mediating memory encoding formation iii hippocampus successful learning longterm memory retention also review nested hierarchies circular emotional control cognitive regulation bottomup topdown influences within brain achieve optimal integration emotional cognitive processing review highlights basic evolutionary approach emotion understand effects emotion learning memory functional roles played various brain regions mutual interactions relation emotional processing also summarize current state knowledge impact emotion memory map implications educational settings addition elucidating memoryenhancing effects emotion neuroimaging findings extend understanding emotional influences learning memory processes knowledge may useful design effective educational curricula provide conducive learning environment traditional live learning classrooms virtual learning onlinebased educational technologies