Victor O Saoke, Collins M Musafiri, Zachary N Ndwiga, Pauline W Githaiga
The christian religious education teachers' attitudes toward the five-stage lesson plan framework in Kenya: A gender-based analysis
Heliyon
objective 2020 coronavirus disease2019 covid19 became cause pandemic response japan sports agency issued warnings secondary damage health threat physical mental wellbeing due lack exercise situation study report crosssectional longitudinal examinations standing trunk flexion evaluate temporary longterm school closures affected musculoskeletal function elementary school students patients methods children one public elementary school tcity school years 2019 2020 included study digital forward flexion meter used measure standing trunk flexion results study 284 284289 983 266 266274 971 children school years 2020 2019 respectively found valid data crosssectional analysis standing trunk flexion show significant differences grades sexes longitudinal analysis results comparison standing trunk flexion children two consecutive years revealed significant differences grades 3 4 p005 girls grades 3 4 p001 significant differences grades among boys girls observed conclusion initially expected would difference results functional assessment using standing trunk flexion depending period absence school however results study showed significant changes standing trunk flexion moreover since childrens musculoskeletal functions may affected various factors covid19 pandemic carefully monitored future