Stephen Morse
Greening the United Nations' Human Development Index?
University of Reading
abstract human development index hdi introduced united nations development programme undp 1990 helped facilitate widespread debate amongst development researchers practitioners policy makers hdi aggregate index calculated annual basis undp published human development reports comprising measures three components deemed central development income gross domestic product per capita ii education adult literacy rate iii health life expectancy birth results calculating hdi typically presented countryregional league tables provide quick means policy makers others judge performance perhaps partly relative simplicity index hdi managed achieve level acceptance use amongst politicians policy makers yet emerge indicator sustainability indeed despite existence 11 years including nine years rio earth summit hdi even modified take board wider issues sustainability paper critically examine potential greening hdi include environmental resourceconsumption dimensions copyright 2003 john wiley amp sons ltd erp environment