Robert K Williams, Ian H Black, Diantha B Howard, David C Adams, Donald M Mathews, Alexander F Friend, H W Bud Meyers
Cognitive outcome after spinal anesthesia and surgery during infancy
Anesthesia and analgesia
sleep duration amino acid intake independently associated cognitive decline study aimed determine longitudinal association sleep duration cognitive impairment incidence examine involvement diet particularly amino acid intake associations community dwellers longitudinal study communitybased setting analyzed data 623 adults aged 6083 years without cognitive impairment baseline sleep duration assessed using selfreport questionnaire amino acid intake assessed using 3day dietary records cognitive impairment defined minimental state examination score 27 participants classified short moderate longsleep groups according baseline sleep duration 6 78 8 h respectively using moderate sleep reference odds ratios ors 95 confidence intervals cis short longsleep cognitiveimpairment incidence estimated using generalized estimating equation participants classified according sexstratified quartiles q 19 amino acid intake q1 q2q4 low middle highintake groups respectively using middle highintake reference ors 95 cis low intake cognitive impairment incidence estimated using generalized estimating equation sleepduration group followup period sex age body mass index depressive symptoms education smoking status employment status sleep aids use physical activity medical history minimental state examination score baseline covariates mean followup period 69 21 years adjusted ors 95 cis cognitive impairment short longsleep groups 081 049135 p 0423 141 105187 p 0020 respectively particularly long sleepers ie 8 h cognitive impairment significantly associated low cystine proline serine intake adjusted ors 95 cis cognitive impairment 217 115411 p 0017 186 107323 p 0027 221 114429 p 0019 respectively communitydwelling adults aged 60 years sleep longer likely cognitive decline attention paid low cystine proline serine intake