Anelyse Arata Found, Shivani Shah, Mohamed A Fouda, Maria Jacinta M C Santos, Sheila Butler
Survey of screw-retained versus cement-retained implant restorations used in both education and private dental practices
Journal of dental education
background objectives predominantly antibody deficiencies pad represent common type primary immunodeficiencies humans characterized wide variation disease onset clinical manifestations outcome considering prevalence pad greece unknown limited knowledge clinical laboratory characteristics affected patients conducted nationwide study materials methods 153 patients malefemale 6687 median age 430 years range 70770 diagnosed followedup august 1979 september 2023 furthermore classified cohort five groups according medical history immunoglobulin levels ctla4mutational status 123 common variable immunodeficiency cvid 12 patients secondary hypogammaglobulinemia due previous bcell depletion immunotherapy autoimmune malignant disease several years ago median 9 years range 614 displaying typical cvid phenotype 7 combined iga igg subclass deficiencies 5 patients cvidlike disease due ctla4mediated immune dysregulation syndrome 6 patients unclassified hypogammaglobulinemia results demonstrated remarkable delay pad diagnosis several years onset related symptoms median 90 years range 0430 family history pad present 118 majority patients considered sporadic cases patients diagnosed context diagnostic workup recurrent infections recurrentresistant autoimmune cytopenias interestingly 10 patients 56 history infection diagnosed due either recurrentresistant autoimmunity workup medicalfamily history remarkable findings included increased prevalence lymphoproliferation 601 39 patients 255 developed bronchiectasis 16 105 granulomatous disease cancer common complication cohort 25 patients 163 bcell malignancies representing common neoplasms 567 conclusion findings indicate necessity awareness pad complications aiming early diagnosis appropriate management affected patients