Samane Shirahmadi, Saeed Bashirian, Ali Reza Soltanian, Akram Karimi-Shahanjarini, Farshid Vahdatinia
Effectiveness of theory-based educational interventions of promoting oral health among elementary school students
BMC public health
determine whether timing puberty associates school performance growth data 13183 children born 1997 2002 collected child health clinics school healthcare school performance data school records age peak height velocity phv marked pubertal timing relationships age phv average grades mathematics native language english physical education school years 6 end elementary school age 1112 years 7 start middle school 1213 years 9 end middle school 1415 years modeled using generalized estimating equations linear mixed models adjusted month birth annual income education levels school catchment areas mean sd age phv 1354 117 years boys 1143 118 years girls girls age phv associated grades mathematics 00410062 p0005 physical education 00770107 p0001 across study years school year 9 also grades english 0047 95ci 0072 0021 p0001 among boys grades physical education related age phv across study years 00260073 p001 middle school grades mathematics decreased dramatically sexes timing puberty associated grades physical education girls academic achievement decrease boys mathematics grades sex difference academic achievement unexplained timing puberty