Henry Markovits, Janie Brisson, Pier-Luc de Chantal
Additional evidence for a dual-strategy model of reasoning: Probabilistic reasoning is more invariant than reasoning about logical validity
Memory & cognition
patients chronic conditions enrolled highdeductible health plans hdhps face costrelated access barriers high outofpocket spending objectives develop novel behavioural intervention help hdhp enrollees chronic conditions use costconscious strategies evaluate interventions preliminary effectiveness acceptability feasibility prospective online usa 36 us adults enrolled hdhp employer exchange diabetes hypertension asthma coronary artery disease andor chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 3136 participants completed study developed 5week intervention consisting website educational modules discussing costs clinicians saving future healthcare costs comparing healthcare prices quality preparing appointments following appointments planning future healthcare needs emails encouraging participants access module conducted singlearm proofofconcept pilot study intervention baseline postintervention surveys measured primary outcomes health insurance literacy confidence using costconscious strategies 10 participants completed postintervention interviews 31 86 participants completed baseline postintervention survey mean health insurance literacy scores 2080 scale improved 565 671 p0001 mean confidence scores 010 scale improved talking healthcare provider cost 6176 p00094 saving healthcare 5866 p0068 comparing prices 5469 p0005 comparing quality 61 76 p00034 participants found website easy use helpful learning costconscious strategies postintervention interviews novel behavioural intervention acceptable hdhp enrollees chronic conditions feasible deliver associated increased health insurance literacy confidence using costconscious strategies intervention tested definitive randomised controlled trial fully powered evaluate effects costrelated access barriers outofpocket spending health outcomes growing patient population