Shiloh L Deitz|Katie Meehan
Plumbing Poverty: Mapping Hot Spots of Racial and Geographic Inequality in U.S. Household Water Insecurity
King's College London|King's College London|University of Oregon
household water insecurity global threat human health development yet existing metrics lack systematic consideration geographic inequality spatial variationin paper introduce notion plumbing poverty conceptual methodological heuristic examine intersectional nature infrastructure space social inequalityplumbing poverty understood dual sense first material infrastructural condition produced social relations fundamentally vary space second methodology operationalizes spatial exploration social inequalitydrawing millions census records strip household water security single vital measurethe presence complete household plumbingto assess spatial sociodemographic trendswe identify distinct hot spots geographic clusters higherthanaverage values plumbing poverty track social spatial variance expose fundamentally racialized natureour study finds plumbing poverty neither spatially socially random united statesrather plumbing incompleteness spatially clustered certain regions country clearly racialized living american indian alaskan native black hispanic household increases odds plumbing poor predictors warp woof spacein considering experiences slow violence infrastructural dysfunction geography simultaneously ignored unevenly expressed america argue analyses space social difference central understanding household water insecurity must prioritized development crosscomparable metrics global measurement tools