Ayano Kuwada, Ikuko Mohri, Ryosuke Asano, Shigeyuki Matsuzawa, Kumi Kato-Nishimura, Ikuko Hirata, Takashi Mitsuhosi, Kuriko Kagitani-Shimono, Mariko Nakanishi, Masaya Tachibana, Yuko Ohno, Masako Taniike
Japanese Sleep Questionnaire for Elementary Schoolers (JSQ-ES): validation and population-based score distribution
Sleep medicine
investigate national regional variations pediatric tracheostomy rates epidemiology outcomes 2000 2012 retrospective cohort analysis previous research 1997 edition kids inpatient database kid national database pediatric hospital discharge data demonstrated rates outcomes pediatric tracheostomy vary among us geographic regions kid since released additional 5 times increasing size successive editions patients 18 years old procedure codes permanent temporary tracheostomy 2000 2012 included primary outcome weighted populationbased rate tracheostomy stratified year secondary analysis included epidemiologic characteristics outcomes stratified year geographic region weighted total 24354 cases analyzed populationbased tracheostomy rates decreased 68 02 mean sd tracheostomies per 100000 childyears 2000 60 02 2012 minorities increased 533 2000 564 2012 patients experienced increased procedures diagnoses length stay hospital charges time 2000 2012 rates outcomes varied us geographic region mortality hospitalization 8 vary year patient age region sex pediatric tracheostomy associated variation incidence epidemiology hospitalization outcomes united states 2000 2012 rates pediatric tracheostomy decreased patients became increasingly medically complicated ethnically diverse outcomes varying according geographic region