Michael Matta, Milena A Keller-Margulis, Sterett H Mercer
Cost analysis and cost-effectiveness of hand-scored and automated approaches to writing screening
Journal of school psychology
studies cryptosporidium infections animals turkey mostly rely microscopic observation data available regarding prevalence cryptosporidium genotypes subtypes infection aim study analyse detection cryptosporidium genotypes subtypes young ruminants total 415 diarrheic fecal specimens young ruminants examined cryptosporidium detection use nested pcr small subunit ribosomal rna ssu rrna gene highly polymorphic 60 kda glycoprotein gp60 gene followed sequence analyses results study revealed 256 106 415 specimens positive cryptosporidium spp infection identified 274 91333 194 1367 134 215 positivity calves lambs goat kids respectively genotyping ssu rrna indicated almost positive specimens c parvum except one calf c bovis sequence analysis gp60 gene revealed common zoonotic subtypes iia iid c parvum detected 11 subtypes iiaa11g2r1 iiaa11g3r1 iiaa12g3r1 iiaa13g2r1 iiaa13g4r1 iiaa14g1r1 iiaa14g3r1 iiaa15g2r1 iida16g1 iida18g1 iida22g1 three iiaa12g3r1 iiaa11g3r1 iiaa13g4r1 novel subtypes found calves lambs additionally three subtypes iiaa11g2r1 iiaa14g3r1 iida16g1 detected young ruminants first time turkey results indicate high infection cryptosporidium turkey propose young ruminants likely major reservoir c parvum potential source zoonotic transmission