Ya Fang, Xiang Zhang, Wei Chen, Fang Lin, Manqiong Yuan, Zhi Geng, Hong Yu, Long Dai
Epidemiological characteristics and burden of childhood and adolescent injuries: a survey of elementary and secondary students in Xiamen, China
BMC public health
tools support clinical patient decisionmaking treatmentmanagement health condition used range clinical settings numerous preferencesensitive healthcare decisions impact clinical practice largely dependent quality across range domains critically analysed currently available tools support decision making patient understanding treatment acute ischaemic stroke intravenous thrombolysis exemplar provide cliniciansresearchers practical guidance development evaluation implementation tools preferencesensitive treatment optionsdecisions different clinical contexts tools identified bibliographic databases internet searches survey uk north american stroke networks two reviewers critically analysed tools establish information benefitsrisks thrombolysis included tools methods used convey probabilistic information verbal descriptors numerical graphical adherence guidance presenting outcome probabilities ipdasi probabilities items information content picker institute checklist readability fog index extent tools comprehensive development processes nine tools 26 identified included information full range benefitsrisks thrombolysis verbal descriptors frequencies percentages used convey probabilistic information 20 19 18 tools respectively whilst nine used graphical methods shortcomings presentation outcome probabilities eg omitting outcomes without treatment identified patient information tools aggregate median fog index score 10 none tools comprehensive development processes tools support decision making patient understanding treatment acute stroke thrombolysis suboptimally developed development tools utilise mixed methods strategies meaningfully involve clinicians patients relatives iterative design process include evidencebased methods augment interpretability textual probabilistic information eg graphical displays showing natural frequencies full range outcome states associated available options address patients different levels health literacy implementation tools enhanced mechanisms place periodically assess relevance tools necessary update mode delivery form information content