Rhayun Song, Xing Fan, Jisu Seo
Physical and cognitive function to explain the quality of life among older adults with cognitive impairment: exploring cognitive function as a mediator
BMC psychology
early life adversity associated higher risk many adult health problems including mental illness substance abuse suicide attempt chronic diseases many previous studies investigated adversities one time investigated health toll associated cumulative number adversities examine cooccurrence adversities among children specific patterns adversities associated neurocognitive development cohort study used data collaborative perinatal project cpp enrolled national sample women pregnancy followed offspring ages 7 8 years 1959 1974 cpp communitybased study conducted 12 us medical centers cpp sample ascertained prenatal clinics diverse respect race socioeconomic status data analysis performed august 2023 march 2024 latent class analysis conducted 12 adverse childhood experiences occurred birth 7 years identify common patterns childhood adversities five neurocognitive tests used measure childrens visualmotor sensorymotor auditoryvocal intelligence quotient academic skills analysis sample included 49 853 offspring 25 226 boys 506 24 436 children 490 low probability experiencing adversity whereas remaining half classified 5 groups reflecting distinct patterns childhood adversities parental harshness neglect 1625 children 33 parental separation poverty 8731 children 175 family instability 3655 children 73 family loss instability poverty 1505 children 30 crowded housing poverty 9901 children 199 children 4 groups lower neurocognitive scores children low probability experiencing adversity standardized mean differences ranging 007 95 ci 011 003 086 95 ci 106 065 findings suggest adverse childhood experiences associated deficits childrens neurocognitive functions important understand complexity childrens exposure adversity resulting developmental consequences well underlying mechanisms help support children exposed adversity foster healthier resilient trajectories development