Mi Ae Bae, Ranran Gao, Won Cha, Hyung Chul Sang, Kyung Ja Chang, Sung Hoon Kim
The Development of Taurine Supplementary Menus for the Prevention of Dementia and Their Positive Effect on the Cognitive Function in the Elderly with Dementia
Advances in experimental medicine and biology
spatial visualization ability sva identified potential key factor academic achievement student retention science technology engineering mathematics stem higher education especially engineering related disciplines prior studies shown training using virtual reality vr potential enhance learning use realistic andor immersive experiences aim study investigate effect vrbased training using spatial visualization tasks participant performance mental workload using behavioral ie time spent functional near infrared spectroscopy fnirs brainimagingtechnologyderived measures data collected 10 firstyear biomedical engineering students engaged customdesigned spatial visualization gaming application sixweek training protocol consisting tasks procedures varied task load spatial characteristics findings revealed significant small cohens 010 large cohens 240 effects task load changes spatial characteristics task orientation position changes time spent oxygenated hemoglobin hbo measures prefrontal cortex pfc areas transfer large 137 significant effect time spent hbo measures right anterior medial pfc ampfc training moderate 048 significant effect time spent hbr measures left ampfc findings study important implications vr training research instructional design focusing enhancing learning retention transfer spatial skills within across various vrbased training scenarios