Yao-Lin Liu, Jia-Pang Jhang, Chuhsing Kate Hsiao, Tzu-Hsun Tsai, I-Jong Wang
Influence of parental behavior on myopigenic behaviors and risk of myopia: analysis of nationwide survey data in children aged 3 to 18 years
BMC public health
school health initiative environment learning disease shield study novel schoolbased investigation childrens environmental health economically disadvantaged urban neighborhoods minneapolis article describes study design summarizes lessons learned recruiting monitoring historically understudied population shield study focused measuring childrens exposures multiple environmental stressors volatile organic chemicals vocs environmental tobacco smoke allergens bioaerosols metals pesticides polychlorinated biphenyls pcb phthalates exploring related effects respiratory health eg lung function learning outcomes eg standardized test scores academic achievement involved intensive exposure monitoring including environmental measurements inside outside childrens schools inside homes personal measurements passive dosimeters worn children biological marker measurements blood urine shield participants comprised stratified random sample 153 index children 51 siblings enrolled grades 25 two adjacent elementary schools minneapolis public schools mps assisted identifying contacting recruiting monitoring population traditionally difficult study familieschildren highly mobile speak diversity languages frequently telephone endure economic hardships often trust researchers spectrum unconventional lifestyles living arrangements using schoolbased approach overall shield enrollment response rate 567 wide disparity englishspeaking 417 nonenglishspeaking 710 familieschildren children remained involved study monitoring sessions exhibited acceptable degree compliance study protocols including providing blood urine samples results indicate practical affordable conduct probabilitybased exposure studies population also important improve understanding factors eg cultural economic psychological social affecting willingness familieschildren participate studies special emphasis developing costeffective recruitment methods