Yiji Wang, Huayu Ji
Hot and cool executive function in the development of behavioral problems in grade school
Development and psychopathology
ample behavioral evidence others mere presence affect behavior human nonhuman animals generally facilitating expression mastered responses impairing acquisition novel ones much less known brain orchestrates modulation wide array behaviors others presence ii neural underpinnings mature development address issues fmri data collected children adults alternately observed unobserved familiar peer subjects performed numerosity comparison task phonological comparison task former involves numberprocessing brain areas latter involves languageprocessing areas consistent previous behavioral findings adults childrens performance improved tasks observed peer across participants taskspecific brain regions showed reliable change activity peer observation rather found taskindependent changes domaingeneral brain regions typically involved mentalizing reward attention bayesian analyses singled attention network exception close childadult resemblance peer observation neural substrates findings suggest social facilitation human educationrelated skills primarily orchestrated domaingeneral brain networks rather taskselective substrates ii apart attention peer presence neural processing largely mature children