Rachel Friedman Narr
Phonological Awareness and Decoding in Deaf/Hard-of-Hearing Students Who Use Visual Phonics
California State University, Northridge
visual phonics system 45 hand symbol cues represent phonemes spoken english used tool literacy instruction deafhardofhearing dhh students 20 years despite years anecdotal support relatively little published evidence impact reading achievement study designed examine relationship performance phonological awareness task performance decoding task reading ability length time literacy instruction visual phonics 10 dhh kindergarten grade 3 students receiving academic instruction signsupported english american sign language findings indicate students able use phonological information make rhyme judgments decode however relationship performance reading ability length time literacy instruction visual phonics found