Bradley Crocker, Olivia Feng, Lindsay R Duncan
Performance-Based Measurement of eHealth Literacy: Systematic Scoping Review
Journal of medical Internet research
aim study trends liver cancer lc incidence regional context kazakhstan retrospective study done using descriptive analytical methods oncoepidemiology extensive crude agespecific incidence rates determined according generally accepted methodology used sanitary statistics data used calculate average percentage change ap using joinpoint regression analysis determine trend study period 2005 2019 13510 cases lc documented comprising 593 males 407 females diagnoses seen age groups 5559 years 133 7579 years 117 lc patients average age increased 636 645 years incidence rates per 100000 peaked ages 6569 years 35110 7074 years 43310 lc incidence notably rose 7074 years age group apc089 contrasting declining trends younger age groups regional incidence variations revealed diverse patterns mostly demonstrating unimodal increases regions displaying bimodal growth agestandardized incidence rate 5701 per 100000 declining 2005 2012 apc 393 rising 2019 apc 113 genderspecific standardized rates showed varied trends analyses standardized indicators indicated declining trends regions increased values specific areas thematic maps classified incidence rates based standardized indicators low 522 average 522 711 high 711 per 100000 entire population study liver cancer kazakhstan reveals marked gender age differences standardized incidence rate among men twofold greater among women distinct rise cases noted among individuals aged 7074 years regional variations incidence evident findings emphasize necessity focused research comprehend causes behind differences enabling customized interventions kazakhstans population