Reem Malouf, Sian Harrison, Victoria Pilkington, Charles Opondo, Chris Gale, Alan Stein, Linda S Franck, Fiona Alderdice
Factors associated with posttraumatic stress and anxiety among the parents of babies admitted to neonatal care: a systematic review
BMC pregnancy and childbirth
firearm injuries related legal intervention come scrutiny recent events kids inpatient database 19972012 searched firearm injuries due legal interventions international classification diseases ninth revision clinical modification e970 requiring inpatient admission children aged 20 cases weighted provide national estimates brady campaign criteria used identify lenient versus strict gun law states overall 275 cases identified 75 mortality rate incidence peaked 10 per 100000 admissions 2006 significantly increased low 02 per 100000 admissions 1997 p 0001 patients predominantly male 97 african americans 44 represented largest racial group followed hispanics 30 caucasians 20 mean age 175 208 patients insured medicaid 33 private payer 24 remainder 43 uninsured admissions frequently occurred urban teaching hospitals 81 cases occurred frequently southern united states 44 followed western united states 35 patients presented nonchildrens hospitals 97 mean hospital admission cost 27507 40197 usd whereas mean charges amounted 75905 116622 usd cases mostly occurred lenient 56 gun law states whereas remainder occurred strict 41 neutral 3 states analyzed race caucasians 16 significantly higher mortality rate compared african americans 5 p 003 analysis specific injury mechanism demonstrates important findings difficult collect conventional data sources future research contribute objective analysis politically charged subject