Heidi N Anksorus, Courtney L Bradley, Earl J Morris, Mariette Sourial, Krista L Donohoe, Stacey D Curtis
Skills laboratory faculty job satisfaction: Effects of high-contact teaching and the COVID-19 pandemic
Currents in pharmacy teaching & learning
numerous studies examined predictors youth violence associated individual child family school surrounding neighborhood community however studies examined predictors using systematic approach differentiate compare risk direct protective factors study examines risk protective factors associated youth violence ongoing longitudinal panel study 808 students 18 seattle public elementary schools followed since 1985 5th grade predictors span individual family school peer neighborhood domains data collected annually beginning 1985 age 16 years age 18 years paper provides findings analyses continuous predictor variables measured ages 1012 years trichotomized reflect risk end variable direct protective end middle category scores youth violence measured ages 1314 years 1518 years bivariate analyses risk direct protective factors identified following predictors violence ages 1314 years 1518 years risk violence increased earlier antisocial behavior eg prior violence truancy nonviolent delinquency attention problems family conflict low school commitment living neighborhood young people trouble direct protective factors ages 1012 years include low level attention problems low risktaking refusal skills school attachment low access exposure marijuana ages 1012 years multivariate regressions showed neighborhood risk factors among salient consistent predictors violence accounting variables tested models relatively direct protective factors identified statistical tests suggesting need review possible refinement measures methods applied implications provide important information programs policy