Svetlana Popova, Shannon Lange, Vladimir Poznyak, Albert E Chudley, Kevin D Shield, James N Reynolds, Margaret Murray, Jürgen Rehm
Population-based prevalence of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder in Canada
BMC public health
racial residential segregation fundamental cause racial disparities healththe physical separation races enforced residence certain areas institutional mechanism racism designed protect whites social interaction blacksdespite absence supportive legal statutes degree residential segregation remains extremely high african americans united statesthe authors review evidence suggests segregation primary cause racial differences socioeconomic status ses determining access education employment opportunitiesses turn remains fundamental cause racial differences healthsegregation also creates conditions inimical health social physical environmentthe authors conclude effective efforts eliminate racial disparities health must seriously confront segregation pervasive consequences