Vanessa Rodríguez|Allen D. Andrade|Rocío García?Retamero|Ramanakumar Anam|Remberto Rodríguez|Miriam Zylberglait Lisigurski|Joseph Sharit|Jorge G. Ruiz
Health Literacy, Numeracy, and Graphical Literacy Among Veterans in Primary Care and Their Effect on Shared Decision Making and Trust in Physicians
Jackson Memorial Hospital|Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center|University of Miami|Universidad de Granada|Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center|University of Miami|Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center|Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center|University of Miami|Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center|University of Miami|Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center|University of Miami
studies reveal high levels inadequate health literacy numeracy african americans older veterans authors aimed investigate distribution health literacy numeracy graph literacy populations conducted crosssectional survey veterans receiving outpatient care measured health literacy numeracy graph literacy shared decision making trust physicians addition authors compared subgroups veterans using analyses covariance participants 502 veterans 2282 years low marginal adequate health literacy found respectively 29 26 45 veterans authors found significant main effect race qualified age race interaction inadequate health literacy common african americans whites younger african americans lower health literacy p 001 graph literacy p 001 numeracy p 001 whites even authors adjusted covariates older younger participants differ health literacy objective numeracy graph literacy adjustment authors found health literacy agerelated differences regarding preferences shared decision making african americans expressed dissatisfaction current role decision making p 03 older participants trusted physicians younger participants p 01 conclusion african americans may disadvantage reviewing patient education materials potentially affecting health care outcomes