Markus Kiefer|Stefanie Schuler|Carmen Mayer|Natalie M. Trumpp|Katrin Hille|Steffi Sachse
Handwriting or Typewriting? The Influence of Penor Keyboard-Based Writing Training on Reading and Writing Performance in Preschool Children
University of Ulm|University of Ulm|University of Ulm|University of Ulm|University of Ulm|University of Ulm|Heidelberg University of Education
digital writing devices associated use computers tablet pcs mobile phones increasingly replacing writing hand however controversially discussed writing modes influence reading writing performance children start literacy one hand easiness typing digital devices may accelerate reading writing young children less developed sensorymotor skills hand meaningful coupling action perception handwriting establishes sensorymotor memory traces could facilitate written language acquisition order decide theoretical alternatives present study developed intense training program preschool children attending german kindergarten 16 training sessions using closely matched letter learning games eight letters german alphabet trained either handwriting pen sheet paper typing computer keyboard letter recognition naming writing performance well word reading writing performance assessed results indicate superiority typing training handwriting training tasks contrast handwriting training superior typing training word writing tendency word reading results study therefore support theories actionperception coupling assuming facilitatory influence sensorymotor representations established handwriting reading writing