Vera Blau|Nienke van Atteveldt|Michel Ekkebus|Rainer Goebel|Leo Blomert
Reduced Neural Integration of Letters and Speech Sounds Links Phonological and Reading Deficits in Adult Dyslexia
Imaging Center|Maastricht University|Imaging Center|Maastricht University|Imaging Center|Maastricht University|Imaging Center|Maastricht University
developmental dyslexia specific reading spelling deficit affecting 4 10 population advances understanding origin support core deficit phonological processing characterized difficulties segmenting spoken words minimally discernable speech segments speech sounds phonemes underactivation left superior temporal cortex suggested unproven hypothesis phonological deficit impairs ability map speech sounds onto homologous visual letters turn prevents attainment fluent reading levels present functional magnetic resonance imaging fmri study investigated neural processing letters speech sounds unisensory visual auditory multisensory audiovisual congruent audiovisual incongruent conditions function reading ability data reveal adult dyslexic readers underactivate superior temporal cortex integration letters speech sounds reduced audiovisual integration directly associated fundamental deficit auditory processing speech sounds turn predicts performance phonological tasks data provide neurofunctional account developmental dyslexia phonological processing deficits linked reading failure deficit neural integration letters speech sounds