Sarah B. Mulkey|Christopher J. Swearingen|Maria Melguizo|Rachel N. Reeves|Jacob A. Rowell|Neal Gibson|Greg J. Holland|Adnan Bhutta|Jeffrey R. Kaiser
Academic Proficiency in Children After Early Congenital Heart Disease Surgery
University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences|University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences|University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences|Arkansas Children's Hospital|University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences|Arkansas Department of Education|Conway School of Landscape Design|Arkansas Department of Education|Conway School of Landscape Design|University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences|Baylor College of Medicine
children early surgery congenital heart disease chd known impaired neurodevelopment performance schoolage achievement tests need special education remains largely unexplored study aimed determine predictors academic achievement school age placement special education services among early chd surgery survivors children chd surgery 1 year age january 1 1998 december 31 2003 arkansas childrens hospital identified outofstate births infants known genetic andor neurologic conditions excluded infants matched arkansas department education database containing standardized assessments early school age specialeducation codes predictors achieving proficiency literacy mathematics receipt special education determined two hundred fiftysix children attended arkansas public schools surgery infants included 777 either schoolage achievementtest scores specialeducation codes mental retardation multiple disabilities scores achievement tests children 713 lower arkansas students p 001 eightfold increase receipt special education due multiple disabilities odds ratio 1066 95 confidence interval ci 4232235 mental retardation 496 95 ci 26864 surgery neonatal period associated decreased literacy proficiency cardiopulmonary bypass first surgery associated decreased mathematics proficiency children early chd surgery less proficient standardized school assessments many received special education concerning achievementtest scores school age realworld predictors longterm outcomes