Linda Calvillo–King|Danielle Arnold|Kathryn J. Eubank|Matthew Lo|Pete Yunyongying|Heather Stieglitz|Ethan A. Halm
Impact of Social Factors on Risk of Readmission or Mortality in Pneumonia and Heart Failure: Systematic Review
The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center|The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center|The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center|The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center|The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center|The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center|The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
readmission mortality hospitalization communityacquired pneumonia cap heart failure hf publically reported systematic review assessed impact social factors risk readmission mortality hospitalization cap hfvariables outside hospitals controlwe searched ovid pubmed psychinfo studies 1980 2012 eligible articles examined association social factors readmission mortality patients hospitalized cap hf abstracted data study characteristics domains social factors examined presence magnitude associationsseventytwo articles met inclusion criteria 20 cap 52 hf cap studies evaluated age gender race found older age nonwhite race associated worse outcomes results gender mixed studies assessed higher level social factors examined often inconsistently significantly associated readmissions cap including lower education low income unemployment mortality cap including low income hf older age associated worse outcomes results gender mixed nonwhites readmissions hf decreased mortality higher level social factors less frequently studied examined often inconsistently significantly associated readmissions including low socioeconomic status medicaid insurance low income living situation home stability rural address lack social support unmarried risk behaviors smoking cocaine use medicalvisit nonadherence similar findings observed factors associated mortality hf along psychiatric comorbidities lack home resources greater distance hospitala broad range social factors affect risk postdischarge readmission mortality cap hf future research adverse events discharge study social determinants health