Yusra Ahmed|Richard K. Wagner|Danielle Lopez
Developmental relations between reading and writing at the word, sentence, and text levels: A latent change score analysis.
University of Houston|Florida State University|Florida State University
relations reading writing studied extensively less known developmental nature interrelations study applied latent change score modeling investigate longitudinal relations reading writing skills word sentence text levels latent change score models used compare unidirectional pathways readingtowriting writingtoreading bidirectional pathways test nested models participants included 316 boys girls assessed annually grades 1 4 measures reading included pseudoword decoding sentence reading efficiency oral reading fluency passage comprehension measures writing included spelling sentence combining task writing prompts findings suggest readingtowriting model better described data word text levels language bidirectional model best fit data sentence level