B. Sudhakara Reddy|Hippu Salk Kristle Nathan
Energy in the development strategy of Indian households—the missing half
Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research|National Institute of Advanced Studies
growing consensus universalization modern energy services central reducing major elements poverty hunger increase literacy education improve health care employment opportunities lives women children india per 2011 census 700 million people lack access modern energy services lighting cooking water pumping productive purposes devoid services people mostly women forced spend significant amounts time effort subsistence activities like firewood collection carrying head load miles burning hard earned fuels inefficiently traditional chullas adversely affect health standard living women act barrier gender development gender means women unless otherwise specified although links gender inequity poverty energy deprivation studied many many practical solutions problems emerged present paper explores nexus among genderenergypoverty highlights areas gender concern suggests actions analyze women rural areas low income households receiving ends energy poverty analyze roles women important stakeholders universalizing modern energy services show women selfhelp groups vital link largescale diffusion energyefficient renewable technologies paper concludes policy pointers sustainable development gender empowerment energy solutions