Yuko Osuka, Tomoko Nishimura, Manabu Wakuta, Nori Takei, Kenji J Tsuchiya
Reliability and validity of the Japan Ijime Scale and estimated prevalence of bullying among fourth through ninth graders: A large-scale school-based survey
Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences
randomized experiments involving education interventions typically implemented cluster randomized trials schools serving clusters design study critical understand degree learning outcomes vary versus within clusters schools specifically intraclass correlation coefficient also helpful anticipate benefits terms statistical power collecting household data testing students baseline relying administrative data previous cohorts school use data multiple clusterrandomized trials four latin american countries provide information intraclass correlations early grade literacy outcomes also describe proportion variance explained different types covariates parameters help future researchers conduct statistical power analysis estimate required sample size determine necessity collecting different types baseline data child assessments administrative data school level household surveys