Julian F. Lohmann|Steffen Zitzmann|Manuel C. Voelkle|Martin Hecht
A primer on continuous-time modeling in educational research: an exemplary application of a continuous-time latent curve model with structured residuals (CT-LCM-SR) to PISA Data
Kiel University|University of Tübingen|Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin|University of Tübingen
abstract one major challenge longitudinal data analysis find appropriate statistical model corresponds theory change research questions hand present article argue continuoustime models well suited study continuously developing constructs primary interest education sciences outline key advantages using type model furthermore propose continuoustime latent curve model structured residuals ctlcmsr suitable model many research questions education sciences ctlcmsr combines growth dynamic modeling thus provides descriptions trends process dynamics illustrate application ctlcmsr data pisa reading literacy assessment 2000 2018 provide tutorial annotated code setting ctlcmsr model