Hanifi Dülger, Sultan Ayaz-Alkaya
The effect of health literacy-grounded web-based education on nutrition and exercise behaviours in adolescents: A randomized controlled trial
International journal of nursing practice
cleft lip palate one common oral maxillofacial deformities associated variety functional disorders cleft palate speech disorder cpsd occurs frequently manifests series characteristic speech features called cleft speech characteristics scholars believe children cpsd poor speech outcomes may also weaknesses speech input processing ability evidence still lacking far 1 explore whether children cpsd speech output disorders also defects speech input processing abilities 2 explore correlation speech input output processing abilities children experimental group enrolled beijing stomatological hospital capital medical university healthy volunteers recruited controls three tasks containing real pseudo words performed sequentially reaction time accuracy indicators three tasks collected analysed indicators experimental group significantly lower control group strong correlation speech input output processing tasks performance groups processing pseudo words three tasks worse dealing real words compared normal controls children cpsd deficits speech input output processing strong correlation speech input output speech processing abilities addition pseudo words task challenging real word task groups already known subject children cleft lip palate often speech sound disorders known cleft palate speech disorder cpsd cpsd characterised consonant errors called cleft speech characteristics persist even surgery studies suggest poor speech outcomes children cpsd may associated deficits processing speech input however validated mainland china paper adds existing knowledge results study indicate children cpsd exhibit poorer performance three tasks assessing speech input output abilities compared healthy controls suggesting deficits speech input output processing furthermore significant correlation observed speech input output processing abilities additionally groups demonstrated greater difficulty processing pseudo words compared real words evidenced worse performance dealing pseudo words potential actual clinical implications work pseudo word tasks designed implemented study employed future research assessment speech input output abilities chinese mandarin children cpsd additionally findings revealed significance considering speech output processing abilities potential existence speech input processing ability speech language therapists evaluating developing treatment options children cpsd abilities also important development literacy development