Leila Asadi, Fatemeh Amiri, Hadise Safinejad
Investigating the effect of health literacy level on improving the quality of care during pregnancy in pregnant women covered by health centers
Journal of education and health promotion
abstract thirtythree 7thgrade mixedability students 22 11thgrade honors students interviewed conceptions models use science three analyses presented order 1 portray character students spontaneous answers 2 examine criteria students use decide whether specific items models 3 describe different general levels understanding models reflect different epistemological viewpoints four experts also interviewed purposes comparison found students groups conceptions models basically consistent naive realist epistemology thus likely think models physical copies reality embody different spatiotemporal perspectives constructed representations may embody different theoretical perspectives student ideas become sophisticated however increasingly include fact models designed particular purposes especially help communication experts expressed ideas consistent constructivist framework drawing distinction abstract physical models articulating ways models used construction testing ideas findings suggest students need experience using models intellectual tools experience models provide contrasting conceptual views phenomena discussions roles models service scientific inquiry