Noriyeh Rahbari, Monique Sénéchal, Blanca Bolea, Ashley Wazana
The longitudinal impact of pre- and postnatal maternal depression and anxiety on children's cognitive and language development
Developmental psychology
asymptomatic infection common outcome exposure leishmania parasites mediterranean region leishmania infantum endemic studies prevalence asymptomatic infection often relied serological testing blood donors spain regional studies shown seroprevalence blood donors 1 8 portugal values 0 2 suggested two localized studies different populations purpose study estimate prevalence asymptomatic leishmania infection blood donors mainland portugal ii study association detection antibodies leishmania sociodemographic factors also knowledge perceptions practices kpp blood donors regarding leishmaniasis crosssectional study targeted population people donated blood mainland portugal participants distributed proportionally municipality aged 18 65 years selected randomly 347 blood collection points february june 2022 completed sociodemographic kpp questionnaire detection antileishmania antibodies serum performed using elisa commercial kit individual kpp scores calculated adding grades defined question globally 2013763 samples positive estimated national true seroprevalence 48 95 ci 4155 proportion positive results significantly different nuts nomenclature territorial units statistics regions models suggested seropositivity significantly higher male sex people older 25 years residing centro nuts2 region dog owners people lower kpp scores overall 723 participants previously heard leishmaniasis multivariate analysis higher knowledge score associated age 2540 years female sex ownership dogs higher education global estimated true seroprevalence 48 similar previous regional studies blood donors neighboring spain higher seroprevalence values nuts2 centro region consistent incidence data humans seroprevalence studies dogs hand low values alentejo high values northern subregions may result geographical shifts parasite circulation due climate change prompt localized integrated vector canine human research following one health approach