Shimeng Liu, Miwa Aoki Takeuchi
Embodied mathematical pedagogy to liberate racialized and multilingual bodies
Educational studies in mathematics
esophageal es speech tracheoesophageal te speech electrolarynx el common methods communication following removal larynx recent study demonstrated intelligibility may increase cantonese alaryngeal speakers using clear speech cs compared everyday habitual speech hs reasoning still unclear hui cox huang chen ng 2022 folia phoniatr logop 74 103111 purpose study assess acoustic characteristics vowels tones produced cantonese alaryngeal speakers using hs cs thirtyone alaryngeal speakers 9 el 10 es 12 te speakers read north wind sun passage hs cs vowel formants vowel space area vsa speaking rate pitch intensity examined relationship intelligibility evaluated statistical models suggest larger vsas significantly improved intelligibility slower speaking rate vowel tonal contrasts differ hs cs three groups amount information encoded fundamental frequency intensity differences high low tones positively correlated intelligibility te es groups respectively continued research needed understand effects different speaking conditions toward improving acoustic perceptual characteristics cantonese alaryngeal speech