Bing-Yu Chen, Chi-Hsien Chen, Yu-Chen Chuang, Ying-Hsuan Wu, Shih-Chun Pan, Yue Leon Guo
Changes in the relationship between ambient fine particle concentrations and childhood lung function over 5 years
Environmental research
using data collected two provinces china online survey current study aimed investigate leftbehind childrens emotional academic adjustment covid19 pandemic china participants included 1780 leftbehind 960 boys 1500 nonleftbehind 811 boys children elementary junior high school mean age 1123 selfreported questionnaires concerning childrens depression loneliness anxiety academic adjustment parents coping childrens negative emotions completed results suggested compared nonleftbehind children leftbehind childrens depression anxiety symptoms severe academic adjustment poorer however leftbehind children lower levels loneliness nonleftbehind children additionally supportive coping types especially emotionfocused problemfocused reactions significantly negatively correlated childrens depression anxiety unsupportive coping types especially distress punitive reactions significantly positively correlated childrens depression anxiety symptoms moreover relationships punitive reactions depression ignoring loneliness problemfocused reactions academic adjustment significantly stronger leftbehind children hence pandemic leftbehind children still disadvantage even parents company however parents coping style towards leftbehind childrens negative emotions played significant role adjustment