Ghassan A Washi, Naji Y Saadoon
Evaluation of quality assurance for school health services in primary health care centers at Al-Numaniyah District. Iraq
Journal of education and health promotion
quit attempts smokers must overcome smoking urges triggered environmental cues nicotine withdrawal symptoms study investigates psychometric properties 12item tobacco urge management scale tums new measure smoking urge management behaviors analyzed secondary data n 327 behavioral smoking cessation intervention trial kids safe smokefree kiss confirmatory factor analysis tums indicated onefactor model correlated twofactor model similar model fit indices chisquare difference test supported onefactor model study parsimonious onefactor scale provided evidence reliability construct validity known group validity evidenced significantly higher tums scores kiss intervention arm receiving urge management skills training control arm p 0001 concurrent validity evidenced tumss inverse association cigarettes smoked per day positive associations nonsmoking days 7day abstinence selfefficacy control smoking behaviors ps 005 tums reliable valid measure smoking urge management behaviors measure support theorydriven research smokingspecific coping mechanisms inform clinical practice identifying coping strategies might underutilized treatmentseeking smokers function measure treatment adherence cessation trials target urge management behaviors