Zelalem Tefera, Feleke Mekonnen, Moges Tiruneh, Teshome Belachew
Carriage rate of Neisseria meningitidis, antibiotic susceptibility pattern and associated risk factors among primary school children in Gondar town, Northwest Ethiopia
BMC infectious diseases
unlike surgical specialties obstetrics gynecology obgyn predominantly female last decade association gender bias sexual harassment known systematically review prevalence sexual harassment bullying abuse discrimination among obgyn clinicians trainees interventions aimed reducing harassment obgyn surgical specialties systematic search pubmed embase clinicaltrialsgov conducted identify studies published inception june 13 2023 prevalence harassment obgyn clinicians trainees obgyn rotations subspecialties us canada included personal experiences harassment sexual harassment bullying abuse discrimination health care personnel event reporting burnout exit medicine fear retaliation related outcomes included interventions across surgical specialties country decrease incidence harassment also evaluated abstracts potentially relevant fulltext articles double screened eligible studies extracted standard forms risk bias certainty evidence included research assessed metaanalysis performed owing heterogeneity outcomes total 10 eligible studies among 5852 participants addressed prevalence 12 eligible studies among 2906 participants addressed interventions prevalence sexual harassment range 250 907 physicians 276 181 255 female gynecologic oncologists 709 workplace discrimination range 142 249 gynecologic oncologists 570 354 527 gynecologic oncologists 672 among women 138 358 gynecologic oncologists among males 385 bullying 131 248 female gynecologic oncologists 528 frequent among obgyn respondents obgyn trainees commonly experienced sexual harassment 253 366 respondents 691 included gender harassment unwanted sexual attention sexual coercion proportion obgyn clinicians reported sexual harassment anyone ranged 21 250 aagl formerly american association gynecologic laparoscopists members 84 32 256 gynecologic oncologists 125 compared 326 obgyn trainees mistreatment obgyn rotation indicated 168 668 medical students surveyed 251 perpetrators harassment included physicians 301 trainees 131 operating room staff 77 various interventions used studied associated improved recognition bias reporting eg implementation video discussionbased mistreatment program surgery clerkship associated decrease medical student mistreatment reports 14 reports previous year 9 reports first year 4 second year implementation however significant decrease frequency sexual harassment found intervention study found high rates harassment behaviors within obgyn interventions limit behaviors adequately studied limited mostly medical students typically specifically address sexual forms harassment