J. Bruce Tomblin|Jake Oleson|Sophie E. Ambrose|Elizabeth Walker|Mary Pat Moeller
Early Literacy Predictors and Second?Grade Outcomes in Children Who Are Hard of Hearing
University of Iowa|University of Iowa|Boys Town National Research Hospital|University of Iowa|Boys Town National Research Hospital
study contrasted early literacy outcomes children hard hearing chh children normal hearing cnh age 5 prereading skills oral language phonological processing print knowledge examined chh n 180 cnh n 80 chh poorer oral language phonological processing abilities cnh comparable knowledge print age 8 measures word reading reading comprehension yielded differences chh n 108 cnh n 62 except reading comprehension moderately severe chh reading achievement chh found exceed predictions based prereading performance resilience associated gains oral language early school years