Jessie King, Barnaby Kelly, Nayla Rhein, Rhonda Rosengren
Post-COVID-19 approach to teaching an undergraduate laboratory class focused on experimental design and data interpretation
Biochemistry and molecular biology education : a bimonthly publication of the International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
requested member states launched expanded programme immunization epi 1974 make lifesaving vaccines available globally mark 50year anniversary epi sought quantify public health impact vaccination globally since programmes inception modelling study used suite mathematical statistical models estimate global regional public health impact 50 years vaccination 14 pathogens epi modelled pathogens considered coverage routine supplementary vaccines delivered since 1974 estimated mortality morbidity averted age cohort relative hypothetical scenario historical vaccination used modelled outcomes estimate contribution vaccination globally declining infant child mortality rates period since 1974 vaccination averted 154 million deaths including 146 million among children younger 5 years 101 million infants younger 1 year every death averted 66 years full health gained average translating 102 billion years full health gained estimate vaccination accounted 40 observed decline global infant mortality 52 african region 2024 child younger 10 years 40 likely survive next birthday relative hypothetical scenario historical vaccination increased survival probability observed even well late adulthood since 1974 substantial gains childhood survival occurred every global region estimate epi provided single greatest contribution improved infant survival past 50 years context strengthening primary health care results show equitable universal access immunisation remains crucial sustain health gains continue save future lives preventable infectious mortality