Angela Creery, Emma L Davies
Drinking and mental health in middle adulthood: exploring the impact of wellbeing, mental health literacy, and drinking motives on risk of alcohol dependence
Aging & mental health
college participation minority students declined middle 1980s following period sustained growth 21 trend particularly evident among african americans hispanics 46 exhibited lowest participation rates well highest propensity drop college porters 45 analyses highschool senior class 1980 instance revealed hispanic college students 13 percent prone withdraw college white students whereas african american college students 22 percent likely drop white counterparts sixyear period low persistence rates even extended periods enrollment college particularly troublesome policy perspective given relationship attainment bachelors degree subsequent occupational economic attainment 44 several reasons advanced account trends hauser anderson 21 explored extent declines college participation rates could attributed changes college aspirations well changes highschool completion rates among african americans analyzing college aspiration trends minorities nonminorities period thirty years taking account highschool completion rates indicators socioeconomic status hauser anderson could find support hypothesis researchers speculated decline could attributed changes composition federal assistance patterns financing higher education exhibited minority students porter 45 noted declines minorities college participation rates correlated growth student loans expense grants olivas 41 mortenson wu 31 mortenson 30 observed african american hispanic students less willing go debt finance college education white students moreover ekstrom 19 helped establish test proposition students willing go debt finance education likely enroll persist college alternative explanation role finances persistence process stressed influence academic preparation college tinto 56 argued overall differences persistence rates minorities nonminorities primarily due differences academic preparedness rather differences socioeconomic backgrounds tinto contended ability differences arise prior educational experiences elementary secondary educational levels tend favor educational achievement nonminorities relative minorities degree support given hypothesis st john kirshstein noell 50 instance reported effects ethnicity disappeared academic preparation college taken account highschool class 1980 proposition lack adjustment predominantly white institutions perceptions prejudice racial climate may lower quality college experiences minority students emerged competing explanation differences persistence rates minority nonminority college students example 1 18 23 24 28 34 35 36 53 fleming 18 particular argued adjustment problems curriculum lack support services financial problems nature interpersonal relationships faculty peers academic staff experiences negatively impact minority students attending predominantly white institutions likewise tracey sedlacek 57 58 59 contended noncognitive factors selfconcept understanding racism ability cope play critical role shaping academic performance college persistence decisions among minority students cognitive factors academic ability study habits