Teya A Stephens, Jennifer L Black, Gwen E Chapman, Cayley E Velazquez, Alejandro Rojas
Participation in School Food and Nutrition Activities among Grade 6-8 Students in Vancouver
Canadian journal of dietetic practice and research : a publication of Dietitians of Canada = Revue canadienne de la pratique et de la recherche en dietetique : une publication des Dietetistes du Canada
sex gender shape health growing body evidence focused comprehensively systematically examining magnitude persistence nature differences health females males aimed quantify differences leading causes disease burden females males across ages geographies used global burden disease study 2021 compare disabilityadjusted lifeyear daly rates females males 20 leading causes disease burden individuals older 10 years global level across seven world regions 1990 2021 present absolute relative differences causespecific daly rates females males globally females higher burden morbiditydriven conditions largest differences dalys low back pain 4785 95 uncertainty interval 34636328 dalys per 100 000 individuals among females males depressive disorders 3483 24134710 headache disorders 3329 4837319 whereas males higher daly rates mortalitydriven conditions largest differences dalys covid19 17678 1581119435 dalys per 100 000 among males females road injuries 10122 934110929 ischaemic heart disease 16118 1405018563 differences sexes became larger age remained consistent time conditions except hivaids largest difference hivaids observed among aged 2549 years subsaharan africa 17248 918826137 dalys per 100 000 among females males notable health differences females males point urgent need policies based sexspecific agespecific data also important continue promoting gendersensitive research ultimately implement interventions reduce burden disease also achieve greater health equity bill melinda gates foundation