Victor Yman|Grace Wandell|Doreen D. Mutemi|Aurelie Miglar|Muhammad Asghar|Ulf Hammar|Mattias Karlsson|Ingrid Lind|Cleis Nordfjell|Ingegerd Rooth|Billy Ngasala|Manijeh Vafa Homann|Anna Färnert
Persistent transmission of Plasmodium malariae and Plasmodium ovale species in an area of declining Plasmodium falciparum transmission in eastern Tanzania
Karolinska Institutet|Karolinska Institutet|University of Washington Medical Center|Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences|Karolinska Institutet|Karolinska Institutet|Karolinska Institutet|Karolinska Institutet|Karolinska Institutet|Karolinska Institutet|Karolinska Institutet|Karolinska Institutet|Uppsala University|Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences|Karolinska Institutet|Karolinska Institutet|Karolinska University Hospital
reduction global burden malaria past two decades encouraged efforts regional malaria elimination despite need target plasmodium species current focus mainly directed towards plasmodium falciparum lesser extent p vivax substantial lack data global local transmission patterns neglected malaria parasites p malariae p ovale spp used speciesspecific realtime pcr assay targeting plasmodium 18s rrna gene evaluate temporal trends prevalence human malaria parasites 22year period rural village tanzaniawe tested 2897 blood samples collected five crosssectional surveys conducted 1994 2016 infections p falciparum p malariae p ovale spp detected throughout study period p vivax detected 1994 2010 found 90 reduction odds infection detected species odds p falciparum infection reduced 2016 odds p malariae p ovale spp infection increased 2 6fold respectively compared 2010 2016 nonfalciparum species occurred often monoinfections results demonstrate persistent transmission p ovale spp lesser extent p malariae despite continued decline p falciparum transmission illustrates transmission patterns nonfalciparum species necessarily follow p falciparum stressing need attention towards nonfalciparum malaria africa malaria elimination require better understanding epidemiology p malariae p ovale spp improved tools monitoring transmission plasmodium species particular focus towards identifying asymptomatic carriers infection designing appropriate interventions enhance malaria control