Natalia Rakhlin|Catalina Mourgues|Cláudia Cardoso?Martins|A.N. Kornev|Elena L. Grigorenko
Orthographic processing is a key predictor of reading fluency in good and poor readers in a transparent orthography
Yale University|Wayne State University|Yale University|Pace University|Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais|Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University|Yale University|University of Houston|St Petersburg University
used structural equation modeling investigate sources individual differences oral reading fluency transparent orthography russian phonological processing orthographic processing rapid automatized naming used independent variables derived combination two scores phonological awareness pseudoword repetition spelling orthographic choice rapid serial naming letters digits respectively contribution oral textreading fluency evaluated direct relationship via two mediators decoding accuracy unitized reading measured singleword oral reading test participants good poor readers ie reading skills 90th 10th percentiles n 1344 grades 26 st petersburg russia groups orthographic processing skills significantly contributed fluency unitized reading decoding accuracy phonological processing skills contribute directly reading fluency either group contributing decoding accuracy lesser extent unitized reading respect roles decoding accuracy unitized reading results good poor readers diverged good readers unitized reading decoding accuracy significantly related reading fluency poor readers decoding accuracy measured pseudoword decoding related reading fluency unitized reading results underscore importance orthographic skills reading fluency even orthography consistent phonologytoorthography correspondences also point qualitative difference reading strategies good poor readers