Keiko Murakami|Hideki Hashimoto
Associations of education and income with heavy drinking and problem drinking among men: evidence from a population-based study in Japan
Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization|Tohoku University|The University of Tokyo
studies western countries suggested education income differentially associated different drinking patterns study aimed examine associations education income heavy drinking problem drinking among communitydwelling japanese mena questionnaire survey conducted metropolitan areas japan 2010 2011 among residents aged 25 50 years valid responses received 2004 men drinking patterns categorized nontomoderate drinking nonproblematic heavy drinking problem drinking multiple logistic regression analyses conducted determine whether educational attainment income associated drinking patterns adjustment age marital status working status incomeeducation selfrated health psychological distressthe study population included 844 nontomoderate drinkers 89 nonproblematic heavy drinkers 67 problem drinkers lower educational attainment high school less significantly associated increased risks nonproblematic heavy drinking odds ratio 180 95 confidence interval ci 121267 problem drinking 206 95 ci 134316 compared university education higher lower income lowest tertile significantly associated lower risk nonproblematic heavy drinking 066 95 ci 043100 problem drinking 080 95 ci 050130 compared highest income tertilethese findings indicate education income differentially associated alcohol drinking patterns among communitydwelling japanese men