Neil R Clark, Avi Ma'ayan
Introduction to statistical methods for analyzing large data sets: gene-set enrichment analysis
Science signaling
recently hospital managers designers become interested patient centered design pcd integration patients perceptions expectations hospitals physical environment increased interest pcd indicates improved understanding impacts hospitals physical environment users including patients families hospital staff literature shows incorporating users perceptions physical environment design process important produce pcd current study aimed assessing impacts four demographic factors namely age sex education level area residence users perceptions hospitals physical environment five principal design factors identified views safety comfort facilities way finding architectural hygiene sensory questionnaire survey statistical analysis conducted ibm spss statistics version 270 demographic data analyzed descriptively computing frequencies percentages descriptive statistics items ie frequencies percentages means standard deviations sd computed nonparametric tests applied assess variances constructed principal dimensions concerning users demographic factors users two hospitals nekemte specialized hospital paulos comprehensive hospital participated survey total 480 respondents participated ranking importance 21 questionnaire items 5point likert scale result reveals education level significance role pvalue 00001000020032 difference perceptions three five summated design factors namely views facilities way finding architectural hygiene respectively similarly residence area significantly contributed difference users perceptions pvalue 00001 00001 0025 three summated design factors views safety comfort architectural hygiene respectively based analysis study suggests identifying perceptions users important help designers design pcd based empirical evidence