Catarina Costa, Lídia Guimarães, Ruxanda Lungu Baião, Marina Serra de Lemos, Luís Filipe Azevedo, Milena Paneque
The urgency for a change in genetics healthcare provision: views from Portuguese medical geneticists
Journal of community genetics
cognitive psychology interdisciplinary field whose main aim study thinking mechanisms humans leading cognizance therefore concept human cognitive processes envelopes knowledge related mechanisms determine way humans acquire information environment utilize knowledge experience three basic processes need distinguished discussing human perception development acquiring sensations perceptiveness attention acquiring sensations means experience arising stimulation single sense organ ie detection differentiation sensory information perceptiveness stands interpretation sensations may include recognition identification sensory information attention process relates selectivity perception mental processes higher order used cognition thanks humans tend try understand world adapt doubtlessly include processes memory reasoning learning problem solving great difference human cognitive functioning different stages ones life infancy adulthood difference quantitative qualitative three main approaches human cognitive functioning development jean piagets approach information processing approach psychometric approach piagets ideas continue form groundwork child cognitive psychology piaget identified four developmental stages child cognition 1 sensorimotor stage birth 2 years old 2 preoperational stage ages 27 3 concrete operations ages 711 4 formal operations 11 supporters information processing approach use computer metaphor present human cognitive processes functioning model three important mechanisms involved coding automation strategy designing often cooperate together theory provided theory psychometric approach concentrates studying differences intelligence aim approach test intelligence means standardized tests eg wiscr waisr used show individual differences among humans human cognitive functions determine individuals adaptation capabilities disturbances area indicate number psychopathological changes symptom enabling differentiate diagnose one disorder psychological assessment cognitive functions important part patients diagnosis contemporary neuropsychological studies great extent based computer tests use computer methods number measurementrelated advantages allows standardized testing environment increasing therefore reliability standardizes patient assessment process special attention paid neuropsychological tests included vienna test system cognitron signal rt vigil dauf used assess operational memory span learning processes reaction time attention selective function attention continuity well attention interference resistance also seems justified present cpt id test continuous performance test well free recall cpt diagnostic tool used assess attention selective function attention continuity attention attention interference resistance well attention alertness free recall test used memory processes diagnostics assess patients operational memory well information organization degree operational memory mentioned neuropsychological tests tools used clinical assessment cognitive function disorders