Minna Torppa|Pekka Niemi|Kati Vasalampi|Marja?Kristiina Lerkkanen|Asko Tolvanen|Anna?Maija Poikkeus
Leisure Reading (But Not Any Kind) and Reading Comprehension Support Each Other—A Longitudinal Study Across Grades 1 and 9
University of Jyväskylä|University of Turku|University of Jyväskylä|University of Stavanger|University of Jyväskylä|University of Jyväskylä
study examines associations leisure reading reading skills data 2525 students followed age 7 16 step traditional crosslagged analysis random intercept crosslagged panel model used identify withinperson associations leisure reading books magazines newspapers digital reading reading fluency reading comprehension grades 13 poorer comprehension fluency predicted less leisure reading later grades frequent leisure reading particularly books predicted better reading comprehension negative associations found digital reading reading skills findings specify earlier findings correlations individuals showing reading comprehension improvement particular predicted withinindividual increases book reading