Stefan Baral|Claire Holland|Kate Shannon|Carmen H. Logie|Paul Semugoma|Bhekie Sithole|Erin Papworth|Fatou Drame|Chris Beyrer
Enhancing Benefits or Increasing Harms
Johns Hopkins University|American Foundation for AIDS Research|Creative Commons|Johns Hopkins University|American Foundation for AIDS Research|Creative Commons|Johns Hopkins University|American Foundation for AIDS Research|Creative Commons|Johns Hopkins University|American Foundation for AIDS Research|Creative Commons|American Foundation for AIDS Research|Johns Hopkins University|Creative Commons|Johns Hopkins University|American Foundation for AIDS Research|Creative Commons|Johns Hopkins University|American Foundation for AIDS Research|Creative Commons|Johns Hopkins University|American Foundation for AIDS Research|Creative Commons|Johns Hopkins University|American Foundation for AIDS Research|Creative Commons
studies completed past 15 years consistently demonstrated importance communitylevel determinants potentiating mitigating risks acquisition transmission hiv structural determinants especially important mediating hiv risk among key populations including men sex men people inject drugs sex workers genders transgender women objective systematic review synthesize evidence characterizing communitylevel determinants potentiate mitigate hivrelated outcomes key populations results review suggest although health communication programs represent communitylevel strategies demonstrated effectiveness increasing uptake hiv testing decreasing experienced stigma among people living hiv limited studies focused key populations low middleincome settings moreover interpretation 22 studies met inclusion exclusion criteria reinforce importance continued measurement communitylevel determinants hiv risks innovation tools effectively address risks components next generation hiv response consequently next generation effective hiv prevention science research must improve understanding multiple levels hiv risk factors programming key populations must address risk levels failure cost lives harm communities undermine gains hiv response