Ellie Seunga Han, YeJi Park, Deborah Yurgelun-Todd, Perry F Renshaw, Doug Hyun Han
Comparing the effectiveness of game literacy education and game coding education in improving problematic internet gaming
Frontiers in psychiatry
circadian cues children sunlight exercise diet patterns may associated health outcomes primary objective assess associations daily cortisol fluctuations morning night cardiovascular health outcomes secondary objective determine 1year longitudinal changes circadian cortisol levels associated longitudinal changes health outcomes cardiovascular health intervention program chip crosssectional longitudinal study cardiovascular risk profiles public elementary school children southern maine participants 689 students 4th grade baseline age 920 041 years 647 students 5th grade age 1053 052 years longitudinal data 4th 5th grade available 347 participants clinical outcomes blood pressure hipwaist ratios body mass index percent fat laboratory measures fasting glucose lipids salivary cortisol measures morning evening lower firstinmorning diurnal cortisol levels associated increased blood pressure 023 005 p 0001 increased body fat 022 005 p 0001 poor lipid profiles 015 007 p 005 inclusion night cortisol model stressrelated improved associations model bodyfat composition morning 027 005 p 0001 night 016 006 p 001 adjustments potential confounding variables improved associations morning cortisol lipids 019 007 p 001 longitudinal analysis showed lower morning diurnal cortisol 4th grade associated increases blood pressure year later 018 008 p 0017 adjusting confounding variables data presented suggest adding circadian misalignment lower amplitude firstinmorning cortisol existing models metabolic syndrome children circadian misalignment may factor contributing high blood pressure