Y-Q Liu, Z Qian, J Wang, T Lu, S Lin, X-W Zeng, R-Q Liu, Y Zhu, X-D Qin, P Yuan, Y Zhou, M Li, Y-T Hao, G-H Dong
Breastfeeding modifies the effects of environment tobacco smoke exposure on respiratory diseases and symptoms in Chinese children: the Seven Northeast Cities Study
Indoor air
use verbal autopsy va data understand health system utilisation potential avoidability associated fatal injury categorise evident barriers driving avoidable delays care within threedelays framework considers delays seeking delay 1 reaching delay 2 receiving delay 3 quality injury care retrospective analysis existing va data routinely collected demographic surveillance site karonga health demographic surveillance site hdss population northern malawi fatally injured members hdss primary outcome proportion fatal injury deaths potentially avoidable secondary outcomes delay stage corresponding barriers associated avoidable deaths health system utilisation fatal injuries within health system 252 deaths due external causes 185 injuryrelated deaths analysed deaths predominantly among young males median age 30 iqr 1148 719 133185 351 65185 assessed potentially avoidable delay 1 implicated 308 2065 potentially avoidable deaths delay 2 615 4065 delay 3 754 4965 within delay 1 healthcare literacy commonly implicated barrier 75 1520 within delay 2 communication prehospital care commonly implicated 925 3740 within delay 3 physical resources commonly implicated 857 4249 va feasible studying pathways care health system responsiveness avoidable deaths following injury ascertaining delays contribute deaths large proportion injury deaths avoidable identified several barriers potential targets intervention refining integrating va health system assessment methods likely necessary holistically understand injury care health system