Heidi Harju?Luukkainen|Jouni Vettenranta|Najat Ouakrim-Soivio|Venla Bernelius
Differences between students’ PISA reading literacy scores and grading for mother tongue and literature at school: A geostatistical analysis of the Finnish PISA 2009 data
University of California, Los Angeles|University of Jyväskylä|University of Helsinki|University of Helsinki
finland national core curriculum basic education defines learning objectives along numerical grade given good competence school subject final phase basic education serving guideline schools teachers also ensure objective evaluation students finland paper take closer look equality student assessment finland light student performance programme international student assessment pisa 2009 study investigates relationship grades given students mother tongue literature different schools students reading literacy performance pisa 2009 results presented map produced using method called kriging mccoy johnston 2001 kriging geostatistical interpolation method based statistical relationship among measured points spatial autocorrelation case method produces contour maps illustrating areal differences educational variables contour maps related analysis indicate teachers tend adjust grading practices general competence level class school rather strictly following national curriculum guideline student assessment may lead local variations terms students school grades indices learning achievement becomes evident contrasted external nationwide reference point reading literacy performance pisa 2009