Ralph Hippe|Jöerg Baten
Regional inequality in human capital formation in Europe, 1790–1880
University of Strasbourg|French National Centre for Scientific Research|University of Tübingen|University of Tübingen
abstract recent theoretical advances reveal importance human capital longrun economic growth however absence data makes difficult measure human capital 1870 national level let alone regional level within countries using age heaping method large new data set approximate numeracy values 570 regions europe 1790 1880 results indicate significant gap numeracy levels advanced west central european countries rest europe nevertheless differences basic numeracy within countries became smaller nineteenth century periphery solved basic numeracy problem