Gurjit Sandhu, Amy H Kaji, Amalia Cochran
Practical Guide to Qualitative Research in Surgical Education
JAMA surgery
bronchopulmonary dysplasia bpd invasive respiratory support increasing among extremely preterm neonates yet unclear corresponding increase tracheostomies hypothesize extremely preterm neonates bpd incidence tracheostomy increased retrospective crosssectional analysis analyzed 2006 2012 kids inpatient databases kid hospital discharges nonextremely preterm neonates gestational age 28 weeks 37 weeks birth weight 1500 g extremely preterm neonates gestational age 28 weeks birth weight 1500 g studied tracheostomy placement trends two populations see increasing among extremely preterm neonates especially bpd study included 1418681 preterm neonates 52 male 50 white 19 black 20 hispanic 42 asian 118676 84 extremely preterm total 2029 tracheostomies performed 803 068 extremely preterm neonates estimated percent change occurrence extremely preterm neonates bpd increased 17 2006 2012 tracheostomy placement increased 31 amongst received tracheostomies mortality rate higher extremely preterm neonates compared nonextremely preterm neonates 18 vs 14 p 05 however extremely preterm neonates tracheostomies lower mortality rate compared without 18 vs 24 p 002 extremely preterm neonates compared nonextremely preterm neonates experienced marked increase tracheostomies placed 2006 2012 well increased incidence bpd confirming primary study hypothesis 4 laryngoscope 130 20562062 2020