Ahmed Eldeib, Omar Eldeib, Ayman Mohammed
Examining the Effectiveness of Educational Tools and Elements Used in Medical Textbooks: Students' Perspective
Cureus
currently breast cancer commonly diagnosed cancer sixthleading cause cancerrelated deaths among chinese women worse still misinformation contributes aggravation breast cancer burden china pressing need investigate susceptibility breast cancer misinformation among chinese patients however study performed respect study aims ascertain whether demographics age gender education health literacy skills internal locus control significantly associated susceptibility misinformation types breast cancers among randomly sampled chinese patients genders order provide insightful implications clinical practice health education medical research health policy making first designed questionnaire comprising 4 sections information age gender education section 1 selfassessed disease knowledge section 2 aspects health literacy scale aahls ehealth literacy scale eheals 6item general health numeracy test ghnt6 internal subscale multidimensional health locus control mhlc scales section 3 10 breast cancer myths collected officially registered authenticated websites section 4 subsequently recruited patients qilu hospital shandong university china using randomized sampling questionnaire administered via wenjuanxing popular online survey platform china collected data manipulated microsoft excel file manually checked validity questionnaire using predefined validity criterion coded valid questionnaires according predefined coding scheme based likert scales different point score ranges different sections questionnaire subsequent step calculated sums subsections aahls sums 2 health literacy scales eheals ghnt6 10 breast cancer myths finally applied logistic regression modeling relate scores section 4 scores sections 13 questionnaire identify significantly contributes susceptibility breast cancer misinformation among chinese patients 447 questionnaires collected valid according validity criterion participants aged 3829 sd 1152 years average mean score education 368 sd 146 implying average educational attainment year 12 diploma junior college 447 participants 348 7785 women mean score selfassessed disease knowledge 250 sd 092 indicating selfassessed disease knowledge status knowing lot knowing mean scores subconstructs aahls 622 sd 134 functional health literacy 522 sd 154 communicative health literacy 1119 sd 199 critical health literacy mean score ehealth literacy 2421 sd 549 mean score 6 questions ghnt6 157 sd 049 121 sd 041 124 sd 043 190 sd 030 182 sd 039 173 sd 044 respectively mean score patients health beliefs selfconfidence 2119 sd 563 mean score response myth ranged 124 sd 043 167 sd 047 mean score responses 10 myths 1403 sd 178 interpreting descriptive statistics found chinese female patients limited ability rebut breast cancer misinformation mainly attributed 5 factors 1 lower communicative health literacy 2 certainty selfassessed ehealth literacy skills 3 lower general health numeracy 4 positive selfassessment general disease knowledge 5 negative health beliefs lower levels selfconfidence drawing logistic regression modeling studied susceptibility breast cancer misinformation among chinese patients predicting factors susceptibility breast cancer misinformation identified study provide insightful implications clinical practice health education medical research health policy making