Manfréd M. Fischer|Peter Nijkamp
Geographic information systems and spatial analysis
Vienna University of Economics and Business
geographical information systems gis capable acquiring spatially indexed data variety sources changing data useful formats storing data retrieving manupulating data analysis generating output required given user great strength based ability handle large multilayered heterogenous databases query existence location properties wide range spatial objects interactive way lack analytical modelling functionality however widely recognised major deficiency current systems wide agreement gis community modelling community future success gis technology depend large extent incorporating powerful analytical modelling capabilities paper discusses major directions strategies increase analytical modelling capabilities level intelligence geographic information systems