F Karpouzis, R Lindberg, A Walsh, S Shah, G Abbott, K Ball
Impact and process evaluation of a primary-school Food Education and Sustainability Training (FEAST) program in 10-12-year-old children in Australia: pragmatic cluster non-randomized controlled trial
BMC public health
increasing frequency patients asked make complex decisions cancer screening prevention treatment decisions fraught emotion cognitive difficulty simultaneously many americans low numeracy skills making cognitive demands even greater whenever often case patients presented risk statistics asked make comparisons risks benefits multiple options make informed medical decisions commentary highlight 10 methods empirically shown improve patients understanding risk benefit information andor decision making methods range presenting absolute risks using frequencies rather presenting relative risks using risk format clarifies treatment changes risks preexisting baseline levels using plain language provide recommendations healthcare providers health educators best communicate complex medical information patients including using plain language pictographs absolute risks instead relative risks