Byung-Kweon Chang
Examining the Degree of Changes in Korean Elementary Schools' Physical Activity Promotion System Grades amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic
Iranian journal of public health
postexposure prophylaxis pep using singledose rifampicin reduces progression infection mycobacterium leprae leprosy disease compared effectiveness different administration modalities using higher 20 mgkg dose rifampicinsingle doubledose rifampicin sddrpep cluster randomised study 16 villages madagascar 48 villages comoros villages randomly assigned four study arms inhabitants screened year leprosy 4 consecutive years permanent residents age restriction eligible participate identified patients leprosy treated multidrug therapy sddrpep provided asymptomatic contacts aged 2 years arm 1 comparator arm pep provided arm 2 sddrpep provided household contacts patients leprosy whereas arm 3 extended sddrpep anyone living within 100 arm 4 sddrpep offered household contacts anyone living within 100 testing positive antiphenolic glycolipidi main outcome incidence rate ratio irr leprosy comparator arm intervention arms also assessed individual protective effect sddrpep explored spatial associations trial registered clinicaltrialsgov nct03662022 completed jan 11 2019 jan 16 2023 enrolled 109 436 individuals 95 762 evaluable followup data primary analysis showed nonsignificant reduction leprosy incidence arm 2 irr 095 arm 3 irr 080 arm 4 irr 058 controlling baseline prevalence reduction arm 3 became stronger significant irr 056 p00030 individual level sddrpep also protective irr 055 p00050 risk leprosy two four times higher living within 75 index patient baseline sddrpep appears protect leprosy less anticipated strong spatial associations observed within 75 index patients targeted doortodoor screening around index patients complemented blanket sddrpep approach probably substantial effect transmission european developing countries clinical trials partnership french translation abstract see supplementary materials section