Anne-Marie Leroi, Michel Queralto, Frank Zerbib, Laurent Siproudhis, Véronique Vitton, Gérard Amarenco, Isabelle Etienney, Francois Mion, Valerie Bridoux, Julie Philip, Charlène Brochard, Henri Damon, Elie Lacroix, André Gillibert, Guillaume Gourcerol
Intrarectal injections of botulinum toxin versus placebo for the treatment of urge faecal incontinence in adults (FI-Toxin): a double-blind, multicentre, randomised, controlled phase 3 study
The lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology
study investigated relationship cognitive mechanisms applied people rationalize justify harmful acts engagement traditional peer cyber aggression among school children examined contribution moral disengagement md hostile attribution bias outcome expectancies explored individual contribution md mechanism aim identify shared unique cognitive factors two forms aggression three hundred thirtynine secondary school children completed selfreport measures assessed md hostile attribution bias outcome expectancies roles involvement traditional cyber aggression found md total score positively related forms peerdirected aggression furthermore traditional peer aggression positively related childrens moral justification euphemistic language displacement responsibility outcome expectancies negatively associated hostile attribution bias moral justification also related positively cyber aggression cyber aggression cyber victimization associated high levels traditional peer aggression victimization respectively results suggest md common feature traditional cyber peer aggression seems traditional forms aggression demand higher level rationalization justification moreover data suggest expectation positive outcomes harmful behavior facilitates engagement traditional peer aggression differential contribution specific cognitive mechanisms indicates need future research elaborate current findings order advance theory inform existing future school interventions tackling aggression bullying