Sallie Porter
Position Statement on Early Childhood Development
Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
introductionproblem statementthe first 3 5 years life time rapid growth development including brain growth foundational socialemotional development early childhood development ecd affected positive negative experiences lifelong impact childs health social outcomes early childhood refers birth age 5 social relationships parents others form foundation future relationship success detailed classic report neurons neighborhoods early childhood brain development dramatic changes size complexity makes important period positively influence childs development interaction intervention national research council institute medicine 2000national research council institute medicine neurons neighborhoods science early childhood development committee integrating science early childhood developmentin shonkoff jack p phillips deborah board children youth families commission behavioral social sciences education national academy press washington dc2000google scholar national scientific council developing child 2007national scientific council developing child science early childhood developmentwwwdevelopingchildharvardedulibrarydate 2007google scholarpediatric nurses unique position impact ecd identifying infants young children risk developmental delays collaborating disciplines assess implement resources encouraging appropriate parentchild interaction providing parent education support advocates children families pediatric nurses influence public policy makers promote highquality ecd services resourcesrationale supporting informationchildren exhibit secure attachment primary caregiver demonstrate better outcomes including increased engagement classroom setting higher secondary school graduation rates stronger resilience moss st laurent 2001moss e st laurent attachment school age academic performancedevelopmental psychology 2001 37 863874crossref pubmed scopus 173 google scholar secure attachment enhanced parents consistently reliably sensitively meet basic emotional needs young child frequent stimulating language parents supports vocabulary development children fernald et al 2013fernald marcham v weisleder ses differences language processing skills vocabulary evident 18 monthsdevelopmental science 2013 16 234248crossref pubmed scopus 689 google scholar hart risley 2003hart b risley early catastrophe 30 million word gapamerican educator 2003 27 49google scholar simply reading young children part routine health visit encourage language literacy ecd zuckerman khandeker 2010zuckerman b khandeker reach read evidence based approach promoting early childhood developmentclinical opinion pediatrics 2010 22 16crossref pubmed google scholarchildren develop within supportive interactions environments rich stimulating language literacy movement experiences healthier better school campbell et al 2012 januarycampbell fa pungello ep burchinal kainz k pan wasik bh et aladult outcomes function early childhood educational program abecedarian project followupdevelopmental psychology 2012 january 16 2012google scholar nursefamily partnership 2013nursefamily partnership proven results published research trial outcomeshttpwwwnursefamilypartnershiporgprovenresultspublishedresearchdate 2013google scholar schweinhart et al 2005schweinhart lj montie j xiang z barnett ws belfield cr nores lifetime effects highscope perry preschool study age 40 monographs highscope educational research foundation 14 highscope press ypsilanti mi2005google scholar multiple early adverse experiences contribute child developing atmosphere toxic stress johnson et al 2013johnson riley granger riis j science early life toxic stress pediatric practice advocacypediatrics 2013 131 319327crossref pubmed scopus 279 google scholar adverse experiences including abuse divorce neglect poverty racism early childhood impact brain development lasting effect later adult health cdc 2013cdc adverse childhood experienceshttpvetoviolencecdcgovchildmaltreatmentphlresourcecenterinfographichtmlscidtwinj662date 2013google scholar johnson et al 2013johnson riley granger riis j science early life toxic stress pediatric practice advocacypediatrics 2013 131 319327crossref pubmed scopus 279 google scholarthe prevalence children developmental disabilities trending upward offering opportunities pediatric nurses address increased need highquality ecd services resources betz 2012betz c opportunities create nursedirected evidencebased services programs children youth special health needs developmental disabilities editorialjournal pediatric nursing 2012 27 605606abstract full text full text pdf pubmed scopus 2 google scholar boyle et al 2011boyle c boulet schieve l cohen r blumberg yearginallsopp et altrends prevalence developmental disabilities us children 19972008pediatrics 2011 127 10341042crossref pubmed scopus 1135 google scholar less half children developmental delays identified prior school entry rosenberg et al 2008rosenberg zhang robinson c prevalence developmental delay participation early intervention services young childrenpediatrics 2008 121 e1503e1509crossref pubmed scopus 274 google scholar late diagnosis developmental delay contributes underutilization early intervention services likely lessens opportunity optimal outcomeschildren members vulnerable populations require special attention pediatric nurses often infants toddlers supervision child welfare agencies exhibit developmental delays chronic conditions szilagyi 2012szilagyi pediatric role care children foster kinship carepediatrics review 2012 33 496508crossref pubmed scopus 19 google scholar one 50 schoolaged children diagnosed autism spectrum disorder asd evidence early intervention improves outcomes early diagnosis treatment critical blumberg et al 2013blumberg bramlet kogan schieve l jones j lu changes prevalence parentreported autism spectrum disorder schoolaged us children 2007 20112012national health statistic reports 2013 65 111google scholarresearch suggests disadvantaged children 1 devoted welldone ecd programs leads 223 future savings investing localities states bialik 2012 marchbialik c easy lessons assessing preschool payoffwall street journal 2012 march 9 a2google scholar cohn 2011cohn j two year window new republichttpwwwnewrepubliccomarticleeconomymagazine97268thetwoyearwindowdate 2011google scholar heckman 2011heckman economics inequality value early childhood education american educator springhttpwwwaftorgpdfsamericaneducatorspring2011heckmanpdfdate 2011google scholar examples ecd programs include private child care programs federal programs like early head start head start nonprofit nursefamily partnership state early intervention programs local preschool programs atrisk young children developmental delayspns positionapproved spn board directors november 16 2013in effort address issues related early childhood development ecd society pediatric nurses affirms supports work members theyassess child family ensure ecd needs metengage developmental surveillance developmental screening young children standard care scheduled consistent basiswork closely educators social service providers ensure access high quality ecd services delivered healthy safe settingsprovide child health nursing consultation ecd programs including developing vetting health policies procedures immunization review parent staff teachingadvocate quality ecd influencing educating policy makers value investing programs support ecd supporting legislation improve increase access availability quality ecd serving program boardspartner child health professionals associations enhance support ecdensure appropriate ecd content included nursing education programs introductionproblem statementthe first 3 5 years life time rapid growth development including brain growth foundational socialemotional development early childhood development ecd affected positive negative experiences lifelong impact childs health social outcomes early childhood refers birth age 5 social relationships parents others form foundation future relationship success detailed classic report neurons neighborhoods early childhood brain development dramatic changes size complexity makes important period positively influence childs development interaction intervention national research council institute medicine 2000national research council institute medicine neurons neighborhoods science early childhood development committee integrating science early childhood developmentin shonkoff jack p phillips deborah board children youth families commission behavioral social sciences education national academy press washington dc2000google scholar national scientific council developing child 2007national scientific council developing child science early childhood developmentwwwdevelopingchildharvardedulibrarydate 2007google scholarpediatric nurses unique position impact ecd identifying infants young children risk developmental delays collaborating disciplines assess implement resources encouraging appropriate parentchild interaction providing parent education support advocates children families pediatric nurses influence public policy makers promote highquality ecd services resources