Luiz Morais, Yvonne Jansen, Nazareno Andrade, Pierre Dragicevic
Showing Data About People: A Design Space of Anthropographics
IEEE transactions on visualization and computer graphics
proton pump inhibitors ppis known increase risk mortality cardiovascular events general population however patients maintenance hemodialysis ppi effects investigated analyzed risk ppis cardiovascular events using kagoshima dialysis kids registry prospective multicenter observational study patients maintenance hemodialysis japan 531 patients enrolled june 2015 december 2018 oneyear followup data available 376 patients use ppis baseline ppi group 217 patients without ppis ppi group 159 patients incidence composite outcome allcause mortality nonfatal myocardial infarction nonfatal stroke higher patients ppi group ppi group 152 vs 44 hazard ratio hr 365 95 confidence interval ci 161823 p 0002 multivariate analysis even adjustment covariates use ppis independent risk factor composite outcome hr 238 95 ci 102554 p 0045 performed propensity score matching analysis sensitivity analysis showing consistent result incidence bleeding showed difference two groups 157 vs 113 hr 146 95 ci 083259 p 019 results indicate use ppis patients maintenance hemodialysis might increase mortality cardiovascular events without decreasing risk bleeding therefore always analyzed patient truly needs ppis