Do-Yeal Ryu, Won-Ki Pang, Elikanah Olusayo Adegoke, Md Saidur Rahman, Yoo-Jin Park, Myung-Geol Pang
Bisphenol-A disturbs hormonal levels and testis mitochondrial activity, reducing male fertility
Human reproduction open
limited health literacy among people asthma associated poor adherence selfmanagement activities thus poor clinical outcomes study aimed determine prevalence health literacy level determinants among people asthma malaysian primary healthcare settings crosssectional study conducted among participants aged 18 years asthma attended five primary health clinics malaysia systematic random sampling employed final sample 550 participants questionnaires included validated malay version health literacy scale hls asthma control questionnaire acq statistical analysis done using spss version 25 multiple logistic regression performed determine determinants limited health literacy participants mean age participants 48 sd154 years participants women 64 malay ethnicity 511 nearly half secondary level education n 112 458 mean duration asthma diagnosis 206 sd 159 years half 625 family history asthma half 509 uncontrolled asthma 873 selfrated controlled asthma third 291 received education asthma action plan 71 owned written version asthma action plan limited health literacy accounts 605 participants significant determinants limited health literacy included lower educational attainment p 0001 family history asthma p 0034 20 years duration asthma diagnosis p 0031 receiving asthma action plan education p 0001 study population half people living asthma found limited health literacy associated received selfmanagement education supported asthma action plan future interventions include strategies ensure meet needs people limited health literacy