M. K. Bhan|Rajiv Bahl|Sunil Sazawal|Anju Sinha|Ramesh Kumar|Dilip Mahalanabis|John D. Clemens
Association between<i>Helicobacter pylori</i>Infection and Increased Risk of Typhoid Fever
All India Institute of Medical Sciences|All India Institute of Medical Sciences|Johns Hopkins University|All India Institute of Medical Sciences|All India Institute of Medical Sciences|Society for Applied Studies|International Vaccine Institute
helicobacter pylori infection reported increase risk cholera nested casecontrol study conducted determine whether h pylori infection associated occurrence typhoid fever eightythree case subjects cultureproven typhoid fever identified 1year surveillance subjects aged 040 years urban slum two age sexmatched neighborhood control subjects concurrently selected case subject serum antih pylori immunoglobulin g antibodies measured case neighborhood control subjects determining risk factors 2 additional community control subjects per case selected significant association presence serum antih pylori immunoglobulin g antibodies typhoid fever adjusted odds ratio 203 95 confidence interval 102401 illiteracy part nuclear family nonuse soap consumption ice cream also associated significantly greater risk typhoid fever study provides first empiric evidence h pylori infection associated increased risk typhoid fever