Nisha Mehta|Sarah Clément|Elena Marcus|A.-C Stona|N. Bezborodovs|Sara Evans?Lacko|Jorge Palacios|Mary Docherty|Elizabeth Barley|Diana Rose|Mirja Koschorke|Rahul Shidhaye|Claire Henderson|Graham Thornicroft
Evidence for effective interventions to reduce mental health-related stigma and discrimination in the medium and long term: Systematic review
King's College London|Public Health Foundation of India|King's College London|Public Health Foundation of India|King's College London|Public Health Foundation of India|King's College London|Public Health Foundation of India|King's College London|Public Health Foundation of India|Public Health Foundation of India|King's College London|King's College London|Public Health Foundation of India|Public Health Foundation of India|King's College London|Public Health Foundation of India|King's College London|King's College London|Public Health Foundation of India|King's College London|Public Health Foundation of India|King's College London|Public Health Foundation of India|King's College London|Public Health Foundation of India|King's College London|Public Health Foundation of India
background research interventions counter stigma discrimination focused shortterm outcomes conducted highincome settings aims synthesise known globally effective interventions reduce mental illnessbased stigma discrimination relation first effectiveness medium long term minimum 4 weeks second interventions low middleincome countries lmics method searched six databases 1980 2013 conducted multilanguage google search quantitative studies addressing research questions effect sizes calculated eligible studies possible narrative syntheses conducted subgroup analysis compared interventions without social contact results eighty studies n 422 653 included review studies medium longterm followup 72 21 calculable effect sizes median standardised mean differences 054 knowledge 026 stigmatising attitudes containing social contact direct indirect effective without 11 lmic studies middleincome countries effect sizes rarely calculable behavioural outcomes lmic studies conclusions modest evidence effectiveness antistigma interventions beyond 4 weeks followup terms increasing knowledge reducing stigmatising attitudes evidence support view social contact effective type intervention improving attitudes medium long term methodologically strong research needed base decisions investment stigmareducing interventions