Jacob Hill, Ryan Seguin, Agness Manda, Maria Chikasema, Olivia Vaz, Quefeng Li, Hannan Yang, Satish Gopal, Jennifer S Smith
Prevalence of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicine (TCAM) among adult cancer patients in Malawi
Cancer causes & control : CCC
panic disorder pd characterized recurrent intense panic attacks presents complex interplay psychological neurobiological factors although amygdala hippocampus studied extensively context pd brainstems involvement remains relatively underexplored study aims address gap examining structural abnormalities within specific brainstem regions including medulla pons midbrain study sample population comprised twentyone adult patients diagnosed pd agegendereducationmatched control group utilizing rigorous inclusion exclusion criteria confounding factors related comorbid psychiatric conditions brain structure abnormalities minimized findings revealed significant reduction medulla volume among pd patients finding persisted even correcting individual differences total intracranial volume medullas role cardiovascular regulation autonomic function coupled involvement fear responses underscores potential significance pathophysiology pd study elucidates medullas structural abnormalities potential biomarker pd understanding role brainstem pd could pave way targeted effective interventions condition