Gary King|Christopher J L Murray|Joshua A. Salomon|Ajay Tandon
Enhancing the Validity and Cross-Cultural Comparability of Measurement in Survey Research
Harvard University Press|World Health Organization - Pakistan|Harvard University Press|World Health Organization - Pakistan
address two longstanding survey research problems measuring complicated concepts political freedom efficacy researchers define best reference examples respondents interpret identical questions different ways scholars long addressed problems approaches reduce incomparability writing concrete questionswith uneven success alternative measure directly response category incomparability correct measure incomparability via respondents assessments scale selfassessments corrected hypothetical individuals described short vignettes actual necessarily reported levels vignettes invariant respondents variability vignette answers reveals incomparability corrections require either simple recodes statistical model designed save survey administration costs analysis simulations crossnational surveys show response incomparability drastically mislead survey researchers approach alleviate problem