T P Kerry, P G T Cudahy, H L Holst, A Ramsunder, N G McGrath
A doctor at a PHC clinic: A 'must-have' or 'nice-to-have'?
South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde
study used data longitudinal prevention study urban cohort examine associations nicotine dependence alcohol cannabis use disorder disorder criteria age 20 opioid use disorder oud incidence criteria onset age 30 study sample included 1408 participants 575 female 725 african american drawn two cohorts participants midatlantic region us part series randomized controlled trials elementary schoolbased universal prevention interventions lifetime cannabis use disorder cud alcohol use disorder aud dsmiv current nicotine dependence fagerstrom test nicotine dependence ftnd assessed age 20 used predict 1 dsmiv lifetime oud age 30 2 oud criteria ages 20 30 multivariable logistic regression models covariates analyses included sociodemographics sex race freereducedpriced lunch status community disadvantage intervention status nicotine dependence ftnd3 age 20 predicted age 30 dsmiv lifetime oud aor 237 95 ci 102554 number cud criteria aor 130 95 ci 109157 nicotine dependence severity scores aor 122 95 ci 105141 age 20 predicted oud criteria ages 20 30 findings consistent previous research opioid use behavior young adulthood suggest nicotine dependence cud criteria among urban young people predict onset oud oud criteria young adulthood