Arnout Bruggeman, Charysse Vandendriessche, Hannelore Hamerlinck, Danny De Looze, David J Tate, Marnik Vuylsteke, Lindsey De Commer, Lindsay Devolder, Jeroen Raes, Bruno Verhasselt, Debby Laukens, Roosmarijn E Vandenbroucke, Patrick Santens
Safety and efficacy of faecal microbiota transplantation in patients with mild to moderate Parkinson's disease (GUT-PARFECT): a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised, phase 2 trial
EClinicalMedicine
frailty associated adverse outcomes even minor physiologic stressors validated risk analysis index rai quantifies frailty however existing methods limit application inperson interview clinical rai quality improvement datasets administrative rai expand utility rai utility available international classification diseases tenth revision clinical modification icd10cm administrative data using national inpatient sample nis rai parameters systematically adapted icd10cm codes raiicd derived nis 2019 validated nis 2020 primary analysis included surveyweighed discharge data among adults undergoing major surgical procedures additional external validation occurred including operative nonoperative hospitalizations nis 2020 multihospital health care system upmc 20212022 data analysis conducted january may 2023 rai parameters inhospital mortality association rai parameters inhospital mortality calculated weighted using logistic regression generating integerized raiicd score initial validation thresholds defining categories frailty selected full complement test statistics rates elective admission length stay hospital charges inhospital mortality compared across frailty categories c statistics estimated model discrimination raiicd parameters weighted 9 548 206 patients hospitalized mean se age 554 01 years 3 742 330 male weighted percentage 392 5 804 431 female weighted percentage 608 modeling inhospital mortality 21 95 ci 2122 excellent derivation discrimination c statistic 0810 95 ci 08080813 11 raiicd parameters adapted 323 icd10cm codes operative validation population 8 113 950 patients mean se age 544 01 years 3 148 273 male weighted percentage 388 4 965 737 female weighted percentage 612 inhospital mortality 25 95 ci 2425 mirrored derivation population validation weighted integerized raiicd yielded good excellent discrimination nis operative sample c statistic 0784 95 ci 07820786 nis operative nonoperative sample c statistic 0778 95 ci 07770779 upmc operative nonoperative sample c statistic 0860 95 ci 08570862 thresholds defining robust raiicd 27 normal raiicd 2735 frail raiicd 3645 frail raiicd 45 strata frailty maximized precision f1 033 sensitivity specificity matthews correlation coefficient 026 adverse outcomes increased increasing frailty cohort study hospitalized adults raiicd rigorously adapted derived validated findings suggest raiicd extend quantification frailty inpatient adult icd10cmcoded patient care datasets