Chingmila Shimrah, H Sorojini Devi
Prevalence of anemia and associated risk factors among the lactating and nonpregnant-nonlactating Tangkhul women
Indian journal of public health
suboptimal intrauterine environment thought increase probability deviation typical neurodevelopmental trajectory potentially contributing etiology learning disorders yet cumulative influence individual antenatal risk factors emergent learning skills sufficiently examined sought determine whether antenatal complications aggregate source variability preschoolers kindergarten readiness whether specific classes antenatal risk play prominent role recruited 160 preschoolers 85 girls ages 34 years born 3367 weeks gestation reviewed hospitalization records kindergarten readiness skills assessed standardized intellectual orallanguage prewriting prenumeracy tasks cumulative antenatal risk operationalized sum complications identified nine common risks also grouped four classes followup analyses complications associated intraamniotic infection placental insufficiency endocrine dysfunction uteroplacental bleeding linear mixed model analyses adjusting sociodemographic medical background characteristics socioeconomic status sex gestational age sum perinatal complications revealed inverse relationship sum antenatal complications performance three domains intelligence language prenumeracy p 0003 0002 0005 respectively four classes antenatal risk accounted little variance yet together explained 105 98 84 variance cognitive literacy numeracy readiness domains respectively conclude increase cooccurrence antenatal complications moderately linked poorer kindergarten readiness skills even statistical adjustment perinatal risk