Vanessa Rodríguez, Allen D Andrade, Rocio García-Retamero, Ramanakumar Anam, Remberto Rodríguez, Miriam Lisigurski, Joseph Sharit, Jorge G Ruiz
Health literacy, numeracy, and graphical literacy among veterans in primary care and their effect on shared decision making and trust in physicians
Journal of health communication
many countries curriculum reforms focus developing next generations competencies selfdirected learning sdl address rapid social changes sustainable environmental development taiwans curriculum reform corresponds global trend education latest curriculum reform proposed 12year basic education implemented 2018 included sdl explicitly guidelines reformed curriculum guidelines followed 3 years thus necessary conduct largescale survey examine impact taiwanese students however existing research instruments help provide generalized analysis sdl yet designed specifically sdl mathematics therefore developed mathematics sdl scale msdls examined reliability validity study subsequently msdls utilized investigate taiwanese students sdl mathematics msdls consists four subscales 50 items acceptable reliability validity measurement invariance across gender grade groups msdls administered online 5575 junior high school students 5456 valid responses collected findings highlight gender grade differences sdl mathematics male students higher female students many factors noted sdl mathematics increase grade sum msdls helpful instrument examining secondary school students sdl mathematics