Ana-María Urpí-Fernández, Edurne Zabaleta-Del-Olmo, Joaquín Tomás-Sábado, Elena Tambo-Lizalde, Juan-Francisco Roldán-Merino
[Adapting and validating a questionnaire to measure the self-care practices in healthy child population residing in Spain]
Atencion primaria
various factors affect otolaryngology head neck surgery ohns services low middleincome countries lmics including inadequate infrastructure limited academic positions unfavorable hospital research policies traditional misconceptions gender surgery among others although gender inequalities exist globally particularly pronounced lmics especially africa comparative narrative literature review relevant manuscripts january 1 2017 january 10th 2024 using pubmed embase google scholar articles united statescanada africa done 195 relevant articles united statescanada 5 africa 1 manuscript relevant ohns reviewed articles reported gender disparities exist medical training authorship career advancement highlight possible solutions disparities promote genderdiversified workforce ohns africa well world additional studies gender disparities africa needed studies highlight need inclusive policies structured accessible mentorship programs disparities highlighted addressed long run ensure sustainability ohns care lmics