Michael McKee|Kimberly S. McKee|Paul Winters|Erika Sutter|Thomas A. Pearson
Higher educational attainment but not higher income is protective for cardiovascular risk in Deaf American Sign Language (ASL) users
University of Rochester|University of Rochester|University of Rochester|University of Rochester|University of Rochester
higher educational attainment income provide cardiovascular protection general population unknown effect seen among deaf american sign language asl users face communication barriers health care settings sought examine whether educational attainment andor annual household income inversely associated cardiovascular risk sample deaf asl users crosssectional study included 302 deaf respondents aged 1888 years deaf health survey 2008 adapted translated behavioral risk factor surveillance system brfss administered sign language associations selfreported cardiovascular disease equivalents cvde following diabetes myocardial infarction mi cerebral vascular attack cva angina educational attainment high school low education college 4 year college degree referent annual household income 25000 2500050000 50000 referent assessed using multivariate logistic regression adjusting age sex raceethnicity smoking history deaf respondents reported high school education likely report presence cvde 576 95 ci 2041631 compared deaf respondents reported 4 year college degree adjustment however lowincome deaf individuals ie household incomes 25000 likely report presence cvde 224 95 ci 076668 compared highincome deaf respondents adjustment low educational attainment associated higher likelihood reported cardiovascular equivalents among deaf individuals higher income appear provide cardiovascular protective effect deaf respondents