James Rice
Ecological Unequal Exchange: International Trade and Uneven Utilization of Environmental Space in the World System
New Mexico State University
evaluate argument international trade influences disproportionate crossnational utilization global renewable natural resources uneven dynamics relevant consideration inequitable appropriation environmental space particular processes ecological unequal exchange generally using ols regression slope dummy interaction terms analyze effects trade upon environmental consumption measured per capita ecological footprint demand 2002 delineated country income level based data 137 countries analyses reveal low lower middleincome countries characterized greater proportion exports core industrialized countries exhibit lower environmental consumption results contradict neoclassical economic thought find trade shapes uneven utilization global environmental space constraining consumption low lower middleincome countries