S Syed
Female Status and Fertility in Pakistan
roles education labor force participation reproductive behavior women aged 2029 3039 analyzed using data 1975 pakistan fertility survey analysis shows urban women age groups fare better rural women respect overall literacy educational achievement significant differentials observed urban rural women regards labor force participation difficulty presenting true picture work status pakistani women attributed difficulty defining concept female labor force participation mention biases response enumeration survey nevertheless suggested urban rural women either economically active engaged traditional activities provide stimulus changes fertility behavior respect education data shows effect education contraceptive use statistically significant urban women rural women urban women 3 times greater users contraceptives rural women work status significantly affect ever contraceptive use findings lend support hypothesis education reduces female vulnerability unwanted pregnancies increasing age 1st marriage becoming aware available contraceptive methods limiting family size thus policy geared towards providing educational opportunities rural urban women