Ashley L Ware, Matthew J W McLarnon, Andrew P Lapointe, Brian L Brooks, Ann Bacevice, Barbara A Bangert, Miriam H Beauchamp, Erin D Bigler, Bruce Bjornson, Daniel M Cohen, William Craig, Quynh Doan, Stephen B Freedman, Bradley G Goodyear, Jocelyn Gravel, H Leslie K Mihalov, Nori Mercuri Minich, H Gerry Taylor, Roger Zemek, Keith Owen Yeates
IQ After Pediatric Concussion
Pediatrics
meals differ terms food items nutritional quality aim present study propose scale measure meals quality schoolchildren according food processing degree perform preliminary evaluation scales validity reliability apply scale representative sample schoolchildren city southern brazil methodological study based generalized graded unfolding model ggum item response theory irt analysis secondary data carried 6399 schoolchildren 615yold attending 2nd 5th grades public elementary schools florianpolis brazil 20132015 answered validated food intake physical activities schoolchildren webcaafe questionnaire meal quality latent trait steps development scale included latent trait definition item generation dimensionality analysis estimation item parameters scale levels definition assessment validity reliability assessment meal quality subsample schoolchildren aged 7 12 years n 6372 eleven eighteen items adequate parameters without differential item functioning sex age meal quality categorized three levels healthy mixed unhealthy higher scores indicate greater prevalence ultraprocessed foods daily meals schoolchildren mixed 406 unhealthy 41 meal patterns irt analysis allowed development scale measures quality meals snacks based degree food processing snack times higher frequency ultraprocessed foods consumption therefore foods consumed snacks potential focus nutritional interventions