Mingsheng Tang, Haibin Zhu, Xinjun Mao
A Lightweight Social Computing Approach to Emergency Management Policy Selection
IEEE transactions on systems, man, and cybernetics. Systems
introduction aim study evaluate effects 16week schoolbased physical activity pa intervention physical fitness pf speed handeye coordination flexibility 8 9yearolds methods total seventyeight boys girls boys n 45 aged 84 49 years girls n 42 aged 86 05 years school slovenia randomly assigned either group afterschool pa program exp control group con participated exclusively mandatory physical education pe exp group engaged extracurricular pa program 60 min twice week 16 weeks concurrent regular pe classes program primarily involved elementary pe games included elements athletics eg skipping push running hopping crossstepping jumping gymnastics eg handstand forward roll backward roll hand support jumps squat jump vault box climbing horizontal bars incline benches ropes crawling jumping rope standardized tests appropriate age group used assess pf including sit reach test sar 30meter sprint alternate hand wall toss test distances 10 20 ahwt 10 20 results significant grouptime interaction sar test exp group increase 16 cm 63 con group decrease 01 cm 04 p 0001 p2 0361 30 sprint exp group improvement 04 63 con group decrease 01 16 p 0001 p2 0193 similarly exp group improved 21 points 256 10 wall throw alternating hand con group showed minimal changes 02 points 24 p 0001 p2 0545 significant interaction found 20 toss exp con group 01 points 26 p 0888 p2 0001 posthoc analyses paired ttests revealed exp group showed significant improvements sar test p 0001 30 sprint p 0001 ahwt 10 test p 0001 con group showed significant changes sar test p 0533 30 sprint p 0150 ahwt 10 test p 0186 ahwt 20 test p 0430 discussion results study showed extracurricular program two additional weekly sessions significantly improved components pf 8 9year olds significant improvements observed areas flexibility speed coordination shown sar test 30meter sprint 10meter handwall toss tests however similar improvements observed 20meter handwall toss illustrates specific areas impact program