Janina R. Galler|Cyralene P. Bryce|Deborah P. Waber|Miriam L. Zichlin|G. M. Fitzmaurice|David Eaglesfield
Socioeconomic Outcomes in Adults Malnourished in the First Year of Life: A 40-Year Study
Judge Baker Children's Center|Harvard University|Barbados Community College|Boston Children's Hospital|Judge Baker Children's Center|Harvard University|McLean Hospital
lifelong functional adaptive economic outcomes moderate severe infantile malnutrition well known assessed social status income midlife cohort barbadian adults hospitalized proteinenergy malnutrition pem first year life good nutrition health thereafter context 40year longitudinal casecontrol study also examined extent childhood iq mediated group differenceseducational achievement occupational status standard living assessed hollingshead scales sitespecific ecology questionnaire barbadian adults aged 3743 years history malnutrition n 80 matched healthy control group n 63 classmates index cases malnutrition effects adjusted childhood standard living estimated longitudinal multiple regression analyses without childhood iq modelspem predicted poorer socioeconomic outcomes medium large effect sizes 050094 childhood iq substantially attenuated magnitude effects adjusted effect sizes 017034 gap weekly household income pem control groups increased substantially life span p 001moderate severe pem first year life adequate nutrition health care thereafter associated significant depression socioeconomic outcomes adulthood mediated part cognitive compromise affected individuals finding underscores potential longterm economic burden infant malnutrition major concern given continued high prevalence malnutrition worldwide