Gholamhossein Mehralian, Ali Reza Yusefi, Esmat Rezabeigi Davarani, Sudabeh Ahmadidarrehsima, Parnian Nikmanesh
Examining the relationship between health literacy and quality of life: evidence from older people admitted to the hospital
BMC geriatrics
study aims assess prevalence needle phobia among saudi egyptian adult populations addition underlying causes strategies utilized address needle fear investigated crosssectional online survey study conducted saudi arabia egypt 1 may 30 june 2023 participants aged 18 years living saudi arabia egypt eligible complete survey participants invited participate study social media platforms facebook x snapchat instagram convenience sampling technique used recruit study participants 21item questionnaire consisting four sections including likert scale score used answer research objectives numeric data presented mean sd categorical variables percentages used comparison groups made students ttest mann whitney test according data distribution chi squared tests categorical values conducted binary logistic regression analysis conducted investigate factors associated needle phobia total 4065 participants involved study saudi arabia 2628 egypt 1437 around onethird study participants 365 confirmed needle phobia study participants 811 reported needle phobia since 18 years age pain general anxiety fear making mistake procedure commonly reported contributors fear needles medical procedure around 158 study participants reported tried get rid phobia needles nonsurgical alternatives oral medications patches using smallerthinner needles commonly reported interventions reduced fear needles binary logistic regression analysis identified females aged 4150 years widowed bachelors degrees higher education unemployed likely needle phobia compared others study highlighted high prevalence needle fear within adult population egypt saudi arabia females aged 4150 years widowed higher education degrees unemployed working health sector people low income likely needle phobia compared others