Nancy L Hagood, Monica Klaybor, Romik Srivastava, William McManigle, John Terrill Huggins, Pranav V Shah, Marc E Heincelman, Meghan K Thomas
Development and Assessment of Simulation-Based Point-of-Care Ultrasound Curriculum in Undergraduate Medical Education
Journal of medical education and curricular development
epidemiological studies several diseases share common risk factors coexist spatial prevalence disease mapping allows health practitioners epidemiologists hypothesize disease aetiology gain better understanding geographical prevalence disease risks paper investigates differences small scale geographical variations underlying risk factors childs health outcomes anemia stunting wasting subsaharan africa using spatial epidemiology study first carried independent univariate analysis malnutrition indicator identify underlying risk factors multivariate conditional autoregressive prior explored jointly model spatial correlation undernutrition indicators small areageographical disparities subnational levels two subsaharan african countries approach implemented data national crosssectional household based demographic health surveys conducted 17307 underfive children burkina faso mozambique 2010012 children 318 found stunted 155 wasted 309 anemia among burkina faso children 425 mozambican children stunted 59 wasted 309 suffered irondeficiency anemia multivariate analysis revealed spatial prevalence existed across regions burkina faso geographical variations stunting estimated 07549 ci 04693 1264 wasting 09197 95ci 0535 1591and anemia 0734 04606 1214 additin spatial correlation stunting wasting negatively correlated 0998 95 ci 1000 0984 perfect negative correlation1 stunting anemia positive wasting anemia 0997 0978 1000 spatial occurrence across provinces mozambique indicated strong positive correlation stunting wasting 0986 0899 1000 significant negative correlation stunting anemia 0720 0934 0308 wasting anemia 0640 0903 0174 individual geographical variability child stunting 1427 9136 2268 wasting1751 1117 2803 anemia 556 2795 9789 extra random effect parameters computed multivariate approach would outperform univariate analysis similar studies model detected high prevalent malnutrition anemia northern burkina faso high anemia prevalent found central mozambique high stunting wasting identified southern mozambique addition risk factors malnutrition iron deficiency anemia included household poverty morbidity short birth interval less 18 months breast feeding antenatal attendance maternal literacy statistical relevance identified risk factors study useful target specific individual interventions maps geographical inequalities subnational region used designing nutrition interventions allocation scarce health resources