Jun Chen, Xiaozan Wang, Weiyun Chen
Impact of Bilateral Coordinated Movement on Manipulative Skill Competency in Elementary School Students
Children (Basel, Switzerland)
us 340b drug pricing program enables eligible hospitals receive substantial discounts outpatient drugs improve hospitals financial sustainability maintain access care patients low income andor uninsured however unclear whether hospitals use program savings subsidize access intended evaluate whether 340b program associated improvements access hospitalbased services test whether association varies hospital ownership differenceindifferences cohort analysis 2010 2019 never newly participating 340b general acute nonfederal hospitals us using data american hospital associations annual survey hospitals merged hospital market characteristics data analyzed january 1 2023 january 31 2024 new enrollment 340b 2012 2018 total number unprofitable service lines ie substance use psychiatric inpatient outpatient burn clinic obstetrics services profitable services ie cardiac surgery orthopedic oncologic neurologic neonatal intensive services study sample comprised total 2152 hospitals 1074 newly participating 1078 participating 340b program participating hospitals likely nonparticipating hospitals critical access teaching hospitals higher medicaid shares located rural areas medicaid expansion states public hospitals participation 340b program associated significant increase total unprofitable services 021 95 ci 004 038 p 02 marginal increases substance use 54 percentage points pp 95 ci 08 pp 116 pp p 09 inpatient psychiatric 65 pp 95 ci 07 pp 137 pp p 09 services among nonprofit hospitals significant association 340b service offerings profitable unprofitable except increase oncologic services 25 pp 95 ci 00 pp 50 pp p 05 finding cohort study indicate participation 340b program associated increase unprofitable services among newly participating public hospitals nonprofit hospitals largely unaffected findings suggest public hospitals responded 340b savings improving patient access whereas nonprofits heterogeneous response considered evaluating eligibility criteria 340b program affects social welfare