Divera Twisk, Simone Wesseling, Willem Vlakveld, Jan Vissers, Geertje Hegeman, Nikki Hukker, Erik Roelofs, Wilma Slinger
Higher-order cycling skills among 11- to 13-year-old cyclists and relationships with cycling experience, risky behavior, crashes and self-assessed skill
Journal of safety research
viewing lack valid reliable measures assess visual literacy clinical healthcare settings study aimed develop visual literacy scale assess health students professionals visual literacy teachers help sharpen visual literacy skills sensitivity let reach effective communication clinical healthcare settings scale constructed according slavec drnoveks threephase scale development process theoretical significance existence scale construct representative data collection appropriate data collection methods statistical analysis data collection statistical evidence scale construct investigate psychometrical properties researchers first performed pilot study randomly selected 464 health students professionals using exploratory factor analysis efa spss derive hidden factor structure randomly selected 303 participants using confirmatory factor analysis cfa amos validate derived factor structure internal consistency convergent validities discriminant validities goodnessoffit indices also examined study going efa 30 items three factors identified allegorical meaning 12 items explicit meaning 10 items symbolic meaning 8 items three factors explained 73191 total variance cfa generated three factors 22 items allegorical meaning 12 items explicit meaning 4 items symbolic meaning 6 items three factors accounted 75022 variance efa cfa models demonstrated satisfactory goodnessoffit good convergent discriminant validities regarding reliabilities cronbachs alpha values efa cfa models 090 findings demonstrated vlshsp formal instrument measure visual literacy health students professionals