Benjamin Piper|Stephanie Simmons Zuilkowski|Margaret Dubeck|Evelyn Jepkemei|Simon King
Identifying the essential ingredients to literacy and numeracy improvement: Teacher professional development and coaching, student textbooks, and structured teachers’ guides
Florida State University|RTI International|RTI International
several rigorously evaluated programs recently shown positive effects early literacy numeracy outcomes developing countries however programs designed evaluate ingredients interventions essential improve literacy outcomes policy makers therefore lack evidence whether program ingredients teacher professional development pd instructional coaching learner materials teachers guides community support technology required program impact kenya primary math reading initiative randomized controlled trial compared three treatment groups specific ingredients control group using literacy numeracy outcome measures grades 1 2 evaluated benefits following ingredients 1 teacher pd teacher instructional support coaching 2 revised student books literacy numeracy 11 ratio added pd instructional support 3 structured teacher lesson plans added student books pd instructional support found two three combinations ingredients statistically significant positive impacts learning outcomes results showed third combinationpd teacher instructional support coaching 11 student books structured teacher lesson planswas effective costeffectiveness analysis ingredients showed option pd instructional support 11 revised books teachers guides expensive additional impact learning made costeffective intervention study rigorously analyzes ingredients literacy numeracy improvement would effective overall impact suggests policy makers careful decisions regarding program ingredients lead effectively designed implemented interventions improve learning developing countries