Muyiwa Oyinlola, Oluwaseun Kolade, Silifat Abimbola Okoya, Olubunmi Ajala, Arinola Adefila, Adedapo Adediji, Kunle Babaremu, Bosun Tijani, Jude Adejuwon, Faith Wambui, Esther Titilayo Akinlabi
Entrepreneurship and innovation in Nigerian universities: Trends, challenges and opportunities
Heliyon
health literacy measurement lays solid foundation identify associations health outcomes monitor population health literacy levels time mainland china existing health literacy instruments either knowledgebased practicebased making health literacy results incomparable china countries study aimed examine reliability validity 12item health literacy population survey hls19q12 general population chinese adults crosssectional study conducted recruit primary carers students 11 schools zhengzhou henan province using convenience cluster sampling participants completed online selfadministered survey collected information key sociodemographics health literacy hls19q12 comparison tool health literacy questionnaire hlq healthrelated outcomes using consensusbased standards selection health status measurement instruments cosmin checklist guideline tested internal consistency testretest reliability content validity structural validity concurrent predictive validity convergent validity hls19q12 overall 14184 participants completed full survey hls19q12 showed excellent internal consistency cronbachs 093 moderate testretest reliability intraclass correlation coefficient 054 satisfactory content validity based 12matrix health literacy model strong structural validity comparative fit index 094 tucker lewiss index fit 093 root mean square error approximation 0095 concurrent predictive validity results showed health literacy associated health determinants healthrelated outcomes hls19q12 weak strong correlations coefficients 024 042 nine scales hlq respondents average score 816 230 using hls19q12 350 75 problematic inadequate levels health literacy respectively hls19q12 reliable valid instrument measure health literacy sample validation needed nationally representative sample chinese adults hls19q12 could used comprehensive skillsbased easytoadminister health literacy assessment tool integrated population surveys intervention evaluations