Alisa Hamilton, Fardad Haghpanah, Alexander Tulchinsky, Nodar Kipshidze, Suprena Poleon, Gary Lin, Hongru Du, Lauren Gardner, Eili Klein
Incorporating endogenous human behavior in models of COVID-19 transmission: A systematic scoping review
Dialogues in health
established therapeutic interventions effectively mitigate risk progression chronic kidney disease ckd countries regions compelling need organizational structures enable early identification people ckd benefit proven interventions aimed report current global status ckd detection programs multinational crosssectional survey stakeholders including nephrologist leaders policymakers patient advocates 167 countries participating international society nephrology survey june september 2022 structures detection monitoring ckd including ckd surveillance systems form registries communitybased detection programs casefinding practices availability measurement tools risk identification descriptive statistics participating countries 19 n31 reported ckd registries 25 n40 reported implementing ckd detection programs part national policies variations ckd detection program 50 n20 using reactive approach managing cases identified 50 n20 actively pursuing casefinding atrisk populations routine casefinding ckd highrisk populations widespread particularly diabetes n152 91 hypertension n148 89 access diagnostic tools estimated glomerular filtration rate egfr urine albumincreatinine ratio uacr limited especially lowincome lics lowermiddleincome lmics countries primary egfr lics 22 lmics 39 uacr lics 28 lmics 39 secondarytertiary healthcare levels egfr lics 39 lmics 73 uacr lics 44 lmics 70 potentially hindering ckd detection lack detailed data prevented indepth analysis comprehensive survey highlights global heterogeneity organization structures surveillance systems detection programs tools early identification ckd ongoing efforts geared toward bridging disparities optimally prevent onset progression ckd complications