Judie Hulett|Robert E. Weiss|Nimrod O. Bwibo|Osman Galal|Natalie Drorbaugh|Charlotte G. Neumann
Animal source foods have a positive impact on the primary school test scores of Kenyan schoolchildren in a cluster-randomised, controlled feeding intervention trial
University of California, Los Angeles|University of California, Los Angeles|University of Nairobi|University of California, Los Angeles|University of California, Los Angeles|University of California, Los Angeles
micronutrient deficiencies suboptimal energy intake widespread rural kenya detrimental effects child growth development sporadic school feeding programmes rarely include animal source foods asf present study clusterrandomised feeding trial undertaken determine impact snacks containing asf districtwide endterm standardised school test scores nutrient intake total twelve primary schools randomly assigned one three isoenergetic feeding groups local plantbased stew githeri meat githeri plus whole milk githeri added oil control group receiving intervention feeding initial term served baseline children fed school five consecutive terms two school years 1999 2001 longitudinal analysis used controlling average energy intake school attendance baseline socioeconomic status age sex maternal literacy children meat group showed significantly greater improvements test scores groups milk group showed significantly greater improvements test scores plain githeri githerioil control groups compared control group meat group showed significant improvements test scores arithmetic english kiembu kiswahili geography milk group showed significant improvements compared control group test scores english kiswahili geography science folate fe available fe energy per body weight vitamin b 12 zn riboflavin intake significant contributors change test scores greater improvements test scores children receiving asf indicate improved academic performance result greater academic achievement