Elwyn Chomba|Antoinette Tshefu|Marie Onyamboko|Christine Kaseba-Sata|Janet Moore|Elizabeth M. McClure|Nancy Moss|Norman Goco|Michele Bloch|Robert L. Goldenberg
Tobacco use and secondhand smoke exposure during pregnancy in two African countries: Zambia and the Democratic Republic of the Congo
University of Zambia|Ministry of Public Health|Ministry of Public Health|University of Zambia|RTI International|RTI International|Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development|RTI International|National Cancer Institute|Drexel University
abstract objective study pregnant womens knowledge attitudes behaviors towards tobacco use secondhand smoke shs exposure exposure advertising tobacco products zambia democratic republic congo drc design prospective crosssectional survey november 2004 september 2005 setting antenatal care clinics lusaka zambia kinshasa drc population pregnant women zambia 909 drc 847 methods research staff administered structured questionnaire pregnant women attending antenatal care clinics main outcome measures pregnant womens use tobacco exposure shs knowledge harms tobacco exposure advertising tobacco products results 10 pregnant women reported ever tried cigarettes 66 zambia 141 drc however drc 418 pregnant women tried forms tobacco primarily snuff 10 pregnant women young children frequently always exposed shs pregnant womens knowledge hazards smoking shs exposure extremely limited 13 pregnant women seen heard advertising tobacco products last 30 days conclusions tobacco use shs exposure pose serious threats health women infants children many african countries maternal infant health outcomes often poor likely worsen maternal tobacco use increases findings suggest window opportunity exists prevent increased tobacco use shs exposure pregnant women zambia drc