Nick C. Ellis
FREQUENCY EFFECTS IN LANGUAGE PROCESSING
Bangor University
article shows language processing intimately tuned input frequency examples given frequency effects processing phonology phonotactics reading spelling lexis morphosyntax formulaic language language comprehension grammaticality sentence production syntax implications effects representations developmental sequence sla discussed usagebased theories hold acquisition language exemplar based piecemeal learning many thousands constructions frequencybiased abstraction regularities within determinants pattern productivity include power law practice cue competition constraint satisfaction connectionist learning effects type token frequency regularities language emerge experience categories prototypical patterns typical route emergence constructions formula lowscope pattern construction frequency plays large part explaining sociolinguistic variation language change learners sensitivity frequency domains implications theories implicit explicit learning interactions review concludes considering history frequency explanatory concept theoretical applied linguistics 40 years exile necessary reinstatement bridging variable binds different schools language acquisition research