Louise Ashley, Ian McDonald
When the Penny Drops: Understanding how social class influences speciality careers in the UK medical profession
Social science & medicine (1982)
backgroundcontext study investigates people prepared professional practice clergy teaching clinical psychology work located within research professional education research teaching learning practice purposeobjectiveresearch questionfocus study purpose study develop framework describe analyze teaching practice professional education programs specifically preparation relational practices setting research took place eight professional education programs located seminaries schools professional psychology universities across country populationparticipantssubjects research participants include faculty members students administrators eight programs research design research comparative case study professional education across three different professionsthe clergy clinical psychology teaching data include qualitative case studies eight preparation programs two teacher education programs three seminaries three clinical psychology programs data collection analysis institution conducted site visits included interviews administrators faculty staff observations multiple classes fieldwork focus groups students either midpoint end programs conclusionsrecommendations identified three key concepts understanding pedagogies practice professional education representations decomposition approximations practice representations practice comprise different ways practice represented professional education various representations make visible novices decomposition practice involves breaking practice constituent parts purposes teaching learning approximations practice refer opportunities engage practices less proximal practices profession article define provide examples representation decomposition approximation practice study professional education clergy clinical psychology teaching conclude program studied prospective teachers fewer opportunities engage approximations focus contingent interactive practice novices two professions studied