Alexander Kay, Bhekumusa Lukhele, Sandile Dlamini, Abigail Seeger, Phumzile Dlamini, Sandile Ndabezitha, Nobuhle Mthethwa, Teresa Steffy, Lilian Komba, Pauline Amuge, Eunice Ketangenyi, Peter Elyanu, Adamson Munthali, Amos Msekandiana, Yvonne Maldonado, Elizabeth Chiao, Adeodata Kekitiinwa, Lineo Thahane, Lumumba Mwita, H Lester Kirchner, Anna Maria Mandalakas
Predicting mortality within 1 year of ART initiation in children and adolescents living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa: a retrospective observational cohort study
The Lancet. Global health
exposures hydrazines occur aeronautic space operations pose potential risk personnel historically extensive preparatory countermeasures taken due concern severe toxicity study seeks better understand manifestations acute occupational exposures hydrazine guide recommendations management retrospective database review records four united states regional poison centers conducted human exposures hydrazine monomethylhydrazine 11dimethylhydrazine two decades following case abstraction descriptive statistics performed characterize demographics manifestations treatments outcomes one hundred thirtyfive cases identified adult males exposed inhaled hydrazine propellant vapors fiftyseven percent patients asymptomatic following exposure otherwise common symptoms dyspnea throat irritation cough ocular irritation headache patients evacuated received decontamination reports symptomatic treatments including oxygen supplementation salbutamol albuterol patients usually recovered quickly released brief healthcare facility evaluation observed locally patients developed delayed symptoms symptoms severe toxicity observed deaths acute exposures hydrazines operations within aerospace industry appear limited primarily mucosal mild pulmonary irritation without significant neurologic hepatic hematologic toxicity findings contrary previously established expectations may related lowlevel exposures possibly due current emergency countermeasures care occupational hydrazine exposure focus evacuation decontamination symptomatic management chemical irritant properties hydrazines reasonable manage mild cases outside healthcare facility continued endeavors human space exploration habitation increase risk exposures making imperative clinicians comfortable care management patients