Siti Khuzaiyah, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Adnani, Ainun Muthoharoh, Nur Chabibah, Windha Widyastuti, Sandi Ari Susiatmi, Nina Zuhana, Wahyu Ersila, Paul Barach, Ka Yiu Lee
Indonesian COVID-19 lesson: A mixed-methods study on adolescent health status and health services during pandemic
Journal of child and adolescent psychiatric nursing : official publication of the Association of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nurses, Inc
cognitive impairment common multiple sclerosis ms occurring stages disease even earliest major source disability social impairment impoverished quality life cognitive dysfunction mainly focused working memory conceptual reasoning verbal fluency speed information processing attention executive function measures informationprocessing speed appear robust sensitive markers cognitive impairment ms patients cognitive testing ms patients complex cognitive screening tests time costsaving test instruments comprehensive sensitive cognitive test procedure administered detect cognitive dysfunction recent studies demonstrate single predominantly speedrelated cognitive tests may superior extensive timeconsuming test batteries screening cognitive decline additional clinical factors including disease course fatigue affective disturbance impact degree msrelated cognitive impairment despite weak correlation disease duration physical disability status degree cognitive impairment ms related extent topographically specific neuronal tissue damage loss numerous studies applied conventional quantitative magnetic resonance imaging mri techniques correlate profile degree cognitive impairment various mridetectable abnormalities burden mrivisible lesions fully account degree msrelated cognitive impairment nonconventional mri findings suggest extent subtle tissue damage normalappearing white grey matter correlate best severity cognitive impairment ms patients structural mri approaches recently extended functional mri studies scrutinizing brains ability adaptive functional reorganization presence widespread tissue damage cognitive impairment ms seems simply result tissue destruction also balance tissue destruction tissue repair adaptive functional reorganization findings highlight need screen cognitive deficits ms patients conduct potential cognitive rehabilitation intervention