Krystle P Cobian, Sylvia Hurtado, Ana L Romero, Justin A Gutzwa
Enacting inclusive science: Culturally responsive higher education practices in science, technology, engineering, mathematics, and medicine (STEMM)
PloS one
educational inequalities suicide become increasingly prominent past decade elucidating modifiable risk factors serve intermediaries impact low educational attainment suicide potential reduce health disparities examine risk factors mediate relationship educational attainment suicide attempts quantify contributions mediation effect conducted twosample mendelian randomisation mr analysis estimate causal effect educational attainment suicide attempts utilising genomewide association study summary statistics integrative psychiatric research ipsych 6024 cases 44 240 controls finngen 8978 cases 368 299 controls systematically evaluated 42 putative mediators within causal pathway connecting reduced educational attainment suicide attempts employed twostep multivariable mr quantify proportion mediated effect combined analysis ipsych finngen standard deviation sd decrease genetically predicted educational attainment equating 34 years education associated 105 higher risk suicide attempts odds ratio 205 95 confidence interval ci 181 231 42 risk factors analysed twostep mr identified five factors mediated association educational attainment suicide attempts respective proportions mediation 47 95 ci 29 66 smoking behaviour 36 95 ci 0 84 chronic pain 49 95 ci 36 61 depression 35 95 ci 12 59 anxiety 26 95 ci 18 34 insomnia multivariable mr implicated five mediators collectively accounting 68 95 ci 40 96 total effect study identified smoking chronic pain mental disorders primary intervention targets attenuating suicide risk attributable lower educational levels european population