N Baydar, J Brooks-Gunn, F F Furstenberg
Early warning signs of functional illiteracy: predictors in childhood and adolescence
Child development
study introduces first german open scale social information processing gossip evaluates psychometric properties even though social information processing sip important role developmental psychopathology rising field interest modelbased standardized assessment tools still scarce gossip developed assess si processes boys girls aged eight 21 years first 61 vignettes combinations pictures short written descriptions situation depicted evaluated expert group piloted 48 healthy participants aged 821 bestrated vignettes implemented webbased application 191 participants completed gossip 76 answered additional questionnaires assess social skills psychopathology internal consistencies emotional cognitive gossip scales determined latent profile analysis lpa used identify subgroups children adolescents characterized specific sip profiles ie patterns emotional cognitive behavioral responses gossip furthermore external validity participants attribution tendencies gossip evaluated real life smartphonebased ecological momentary assessments ema internal consistencies emotional cognitive scales angry ashamed physical aggression prosocial response revenge outcome expectancy good excellent scales hostile interpretation relation aggression sadness exclusion showed borderlineacceptable internal consistency correlation analysis confirmed convergent validity selfreported social skills external validity ratings aggressive prosocial behaviors lpa revealed three profiles best fit data first group named aggressors second socialemotional group third named ashamedinternalizing group however significant association found attribution tendencies derived gossip ema data gossip first modelbased german webbased assessment several sip mechanisms showed overall adequate psychometric properties gossip used classify individuals sip profiles differ terms cognitive emotional response tendencies therefore could contribute development targeted interventions integrating assessments emotional responses gossip revealed important role shame sip development psychopathology furthermore lack external validity gossip ema calls question attribution tendencies best assessed future studies