Danah Alothman|Andrew Fogarty
Global differences in geography, religion and other societal factors are associated with sex differences in mortality from suicide: An ecological study of 182 countries
Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre|University of Nottingham|Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre|University of Nottingham
800000 individuals die consequence suicide annually almost two thirds deaths males analysis aimed explore sex differences global suicide rates regards geographic location religion societal factors data sexspecific suicide rates collated 182 countries 2015 exposures interest geographical location majority religion life expectancy total fertility rate tfr literacy percentage gender development index gross domestic product continent predominant religion strongly associated malefemale ratio deaths suicide p 0001 variables highest malefemale suicide ratio observed americas median value 40 interquartile range iqr 3050 lowest gender suicide ratios observed africa 27 iqr 2433 asia 27 iqr 1839 predominantly christian countries revealed highest malefemale suicide ratio 33 iqr 2744 whereas predominantly hindu countries revealed lowest 13 iqr 1338 following variables positively associated malefemale ratio suicide mortality life expectancy spearmans correlation coefficient r 021 p 0004 gdp per capita r 026 p 0003 literacy percentage r 046 p 00001 gender development index r 056 p 00001 tfr negatively associated sex suicide ratio 030 p 00001 significant differences male female suicide rates across continents cultures markers societal development associated higher proportion male suicides compared females