Karen Macours|Renos Vakis
Seasonal Migration and Early Childhood Development
Johns Hopkins University|World Bank
paper provides unique evidence positive consequences seasonal migration investments early childhood development analyze migration poor shockprone border region rural nicaragua offers one main household income diversification risk coping strategies iv estimates show somewhat surprisingly shockdriven migration mothers positive effect early cognitive development attribute findings changes income intrahousehold empowerment gains resulting mothers migration offset potential negative early childhood development effects temporary lack parenting