Cristine Donham, Hanbo Hong, Adriana Signorini, Erik Menke, Petra Kranzfelder
If you are learner-centered and you know it, raise your hand: Perspectives on and implementation of pedagogical changes by science instructors during the COVID-19 pandemic
Biochemistry and molecular biology education : a bimonthly publication of the International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
education level one indicator socioeconomic position several countries including south korea provided though death certificate data validity determines usefulness death certificate data exploring association socioeconomic position mortality study compare education recorded death certificate reported death nationally representative cohort participants national health nutrition examination survey nhanes 19982001 nhanes data contained unique 13digit personal identification numbers individually linked death certificate data korean national statistical office duration mortality followup 71 years data 513 deaths used determine sensitivity specificity education death certificate estimate agreement rates education level nhanes data death certificate data odds ratios agreement education also estimated covariates considered analyses gender age duration nhanes death cause death proportion deaths without recorded education death certificate low 02 total 294 discordant pairs found sensitivity specificity college higher education 084 95 confidence interval 071097 099 098100 however sensitivity poor middle school education overall agreement rate 707 668746 education categorized five groups increased 889 862916 three education categories used magnitude validity reliability education generally vary age duration health survey death cause death however significantly smaller likelihood agreement found middle elementary school education adjusting covariates low percentage missing information education south korean death certificate data could provide great potential monitor mortality inequalities collapsed categorization education would recommended definitive conclusion educational mortality inequality required