Maryam Amizadeh, Saeid Farahani, Jila Afsharmanesh, Hamid Sharifi, Fatemeh Fani Molky
The Prevalence of Central Auditory Processing Disorder in Elementary School Students of Kerman, Iran
Iranian journal of child neurology
purpose study examine stability correlates timecovarying associations peer victimization total sample size 1206 adolescents mage initial time point 974 years sd 60 595 white 216 african american 129 hispanic american 6 otherunknown followed across 9 yearly waves data collection elementary school middle high school grades 412 year peer victimization assessed peer nominations externalizing behavior peer sociability school competence assessed teacher ratings internalizing behavior assessed selfreports high stability peer victimization found across 9 years study victimization correlated positively externalizing internalizing behaviors negatively peer sociability school competence elementary school years whereas association peer sociability remained significant throughout middle high school years growth curve modeling showed victimization timevarying predictor across grades 4 12 significantly predicted level outcome measure end trajectory rate change leading end point gender differences found main results results current study highlight importance developing longterm dynamic view understanding emergence peer victimization related consequences across childhood adolescence although peer victimization strongly linked variety adjustment problems elementary school associations seem become weaker middle high school