Erika A. Waters|Caitlin Biddle|Kimberly A. Kaphingst|Elizabeth Schofield|Marc T. Kiviniemi|Heather Orom|Yuelin Li|Jennifer L. Hay
Examining the Interrelations Among Objective and Subjective Health Literacy and Numeracy and Their Associations with Health Knowledge
Washington University in St. Louis|University at Buffalo, State University of New York|University of Utah|Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center|University at Buffalo, State University of New York|University at Buffalo, State University of New York|Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center|Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
health literacy numeracy influence many healthrelated behaviors outcomes health literacy numeracy assessed objectively subjectively interrelationships among measures consistency association health knowledge examinedto increase understanding structure interrelations among objective subjective health literacy numeracy constructs relate knowledge risk factors two major diseasessecondary analysis crosssectional survey data weighted representative general us population noninstitutionalized adultsparticipants n 1005 552 response rate recruited gfk knowledgepanel unweighted sample included 52 women 26 racialethnic minorities 37 college experienceobjective health literacy subjective health literacy objective numeracy subjective numeracy objective perceived knowledge diabetes colon cancer risk factors also assessedconfirmatory factor analyses indicated model correlated r 016056 separate factors four literacynumeracy constructs best fit data rmsea 0055 95 ci 00490061 cfi 094 consistency measures classifying people adequate limited health literacy numeracy 609771 depending combination measures four literacynumeracy constructs independently associated objective diabetes knowledge objective colon cancer knowledge ps 04 subjective objective literacy numeracy measures associated diabetes perceived knowledge ps 02 literacynumeracy measures associated perceived colon cancer knowledgewe identified objective subjective health literacy numeracy four distinct related concepts also found construct accounts unique variance objective subjective disease knowledge research uncovers psychological processes drive subjective measures eg motivation selfefficacy research investigating relationship health literacy health outcomes consider assessing four measures