Michael Correll, Michael Gleicher
Error Bars Considered Harmful: Exploring Alternate Encodings for Mean and Error
IEEE transactions on visualization and computer graphics
patients acute stroke often require venous access facilitate diagnostic investigations intravenous therapy primary aim study describe rate type complications associated placement short peripheral catheter spc patients acute ischemic hemorrhagic stroke prospective observational singlecohort study conducted niguarda hospital italy enrolment emergency department adult patients ischemic hemorrhagic stroke requiring spc enrolled complications infiltration occlusion phlebitis dislodgment recorded daily descriptive statistics used incidence rate ratio irr estimated assess difference complications considering catheter calibre dominant side exit site limb limb mobility ictus type ischemichaemorrhagic impairment deficit language motor visual eadiva score total 269 participants 755 spc analysed removal spc due least one local complication occurred 451 60 dislodgment major cause spc removal 31 followed infiltration 18 occlusion 6 phlebitis 5 spc calibre 22g exitsite antecubital forearm visual deficit eadiva 8 associated higher rate spc complications irr 171 131 231 127 101 160 138 106 180 130 104 164 respectively differences complication rates observed according insertion site ie dominant side left side plegichyposthenic limb exit site study provides novel insights frequency types complications associated spc patients acute stroke compared literature higher dislodgment rate observed first cause spc removal whereas differences number infiltrations occlusions phlebitis recorded