Marcus Grant
European Healthy City Network Phase V: patterns emerging for healthy urban planning
University of the West of England
tradition planning cities infrastructure successfully tackle communicable disease arising urban development noncommunicable disease follows different course development brings wake basket adverse health health equity outcomes proving difficult tackle response within phase v european healthy cities network municipalities implemented range policy physical interventions using settings approach owing time lag physical interventions health outcomes research interrogates city activity develop better understanding selfreported city case studies questionnaire data analysed reveal patterns using inductive approach findings indicate categories intervention whole city planning transport systemic impact across wider determinants health addressing transferability stakeholder understanding helped cities create conditions successful outcomes cities varying urban development approaches tackling climate change improvements current practice discussed including distinction supply side demand side healthy urban planning valuing cobenefits developing integrative approaches evidencebase evaluative article important cities wanting learn maximize benefits public health urban development researchers exploring systemic approach experiences european cities acting interface urban development public health article also provides recommendations future phases european healthy cities programme posing questions better address governance equity spatial planning