Andres Molano, Arturo Harker, Juan Camilo Cristancho
Effects of Indirect Exposure to Homicide Events on Children's Mental Health: Evidence from Urban Settings in Colombia
Journal of youth and adolescence
schoolbased universal social emotional learning sel interventions implemented transition adolescence may efficacious preventing development mental health difficulties protocol describes twoarm parallel cluster randomised controlled trial investigate impact universal sel intervention passport compared usual provision internalising symptoms primary outcome emotion regulation wellbeing loneliness social support bullying academic attainment healthrelated quality life english primary school pupils aged 911 years developerled trial demonstrated feasibility acceptability utility passport first independent trial sixty primary schools recruited across greater manchester city region surrounding areas involving 2400 pupils aged 89 baseline schools allocated intervention arm implement passport 18 weekly sessions control arm implement usual school curriculum random allocation school level following completion baseline measures minimisation ensure balance across trial arms school size free school meal eligibility measures collected baseline postintervention 12 months postbaseline 12 months followup 24 months postbaseline primary outcome analysis intervention effects internalising symptoms postintervention comprise twolevel school child hierarchical linear model following intentiontotreat principle additional analyses undertaken assess intervention effects secondary outcomes maintenance effects outcomes intervention compliance moderator effects subgroup moderator effects mechanisms underpinning intervention effects primary outcome mixedmethods implementation process evaluation examine factors influence implementation health economic evaluation assess costeffectiveness intervention findings provide educators crucial knowledge whether increasing emotion regulation universal intervention impacts internalising symptoms range related outcomes findings also inform policy related promotion mental health among children young people intervention found efficacious reducing internalising symptoms also costeffective may offer high potential preventative intervention widespread implementation isrctn12875599 registered 24 november 2022