Judith Ireson|Katie Rushforth
Private tutoring at transition points in the English education system: its nature, extent and purpose
abstract international surveys indicate prevalence private tutoring england relatively low national surveys undertaken little detailed evidence available aim research provide systematic description nature extent private tutoring three points transition english education system explore students parents views reasons use 3000 students completed questionnaire survey providing information extent private tutoring school curriculum subjects reasons employment tutors demographic information 1100 parents supplied information motivation employing tutors time survey 76 year 6 pupils receipt tutoring mathematics 81 english 32 science comparable figures year 11 pupils 79 mathematics 26 english 28 science overall 27 students reported received tutoring stage school career clear associations family socioeconomic status cultural background parents employed tutors increase childs confidence improve understanding subject help well tests examinations primary age children indicated tutors needed teachers families provided sufficient educational support families appear making strategic use tutors help children make successful transitions education system keywords private tutoringtransitionparental involvementstudent perceptionsprimary educationsecondary education acknowledgements research supported grant res000230117 economic social research council authors would like acknowledge assistance provided participating schools thank students parents providing information