Saeed Bashirian, Samaneh Shirahmadi, Shabnam Seyedzadeh-Sabounchi, Ali Reza Soltanian, Akram Karimi-Shahanjarini, Farshid Vahdatinia
Association of caries experience and dental plaque with sociodemographic characteristics in elementary school-aged children: a cross-sectional study
BMC oral health
scientific literacy key factor personal competitiveness reading common activity daily learning life playing influence reading individuals day day convenient way improve level scientific literacy people reading engagement one important student characteristics related reading literacy highly malleable jointly reflected behavioral cognitive affective engagement theoretical practical significance explore relationship reading engagement scientific literacy using reading engagement entry point study used pisa2018 data china explore relationship reading engagement scientific literacy sample 15yearold students mainland china 36 variables related reading engagement background variables gender grade socioeconomic cultural status family selected questionnaire independent variables score scientific literacy assessment sla taken outcome variable supervised machine learning method xgboost algorithm construct model dataset randomly divided training set test set optimize model verify obtained model good fitting degree generalization ability meanwhile global local personalized interpretation done introducing shap value cuttingedge machine model interpretation method found among three major components reading engagement cognitive engagement influential factor students high reading cognitive engagement level likely get high scores scientific literacy assessment relatively dominant model study hand study verifies feasibility current popular machine learning model ie xgboost largescale international education assessment program better model adaptability conditions global local interpretation