James L Meisel, Daniel C R Chen, Gail March Cohen, Sheilah A Bernard, Hugo Carmona, Emil R Petrusa, Isaac O Opole, Deborah Navedo, Vladimir I Valtchinov, Ahmed H Nahas, Carly M Eiduson, Nick Papps
Listen Before You Auscultate: An Active-Learning Approach to Bedside Cardiac Assessment
MedEdPORTAL : the journal of teaching and learning resources
worldwide children survive preterm birth preterm birth affect longterm cognitive outcomes aim study investigate association preterm birth academic performance intelligence youth cohort study included liveborn children denmark 1978 2000 used uni multivariable logistic linear regressions analyze associations gestational age school graduation grade point average gpa attending conscription male intelligence scores conscription adjusted priori defined potential confounders study included 1 450 681 children found association preterm birth lower academic performance children born extremely preterm lowest odds graduating lower upper secondary education lse use appearing conscription board odds ratios 045 038054 052 046059 047 039056 lse use conscription respectively compared term group statistically significant differences observed lse total gpa core subject gpa higher gpas term group considered clinically relevant mathematics 071 higher grade point term compared extremely preterm conversely use differences less evident linear regression models found preterm birth associated higher gpas adjusted analyses however statistically significant demonstrated statistically significant differences intelligence scores conscription lower scores three preterm groups 513 273 076 respectively compared term group low gestational age birth associated graduating lse use achieving lower gpas lse attending conscription lower intelligence scores young adulthood findings remained significant adjusting potential confounders