Quentin Lippmann|Claudia Sénik
Math, girls and socialism
Paris School of Economics|Sorbonne Université|Paris School of Economics|Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne
paper argues socialist episode east germany constituted radical experiment gender equality labor market instances left persistent tracks gender norms focus one resilient pervasive gender gaps modern societies mathematics using german division natural experiment show underperformance girls math sharply reduced regions former gdr contrast former frg show eastwest difference due girls attitudes confidence competitiveness math confounding factors difference economic conditions teaching styles across former political border also provide illustrative evidence gender gap math smaller european countries used part soviet bloc opposed rest europe lesson twofold 1 large part pervasive gender gap math due social stereotypes 2 institutions durably modify stereotypes