Abdusamed Adem, Dawit Bacha, Abel M Argaw
Pattern of cardiovascular diseases at a teaching hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: An echocardiographic study of 1500 patients
Medicine
objective china high fatality rate child pedestrians highlights necessity implementing effective pedestrian safety training programs elementary schools thus investigated efficacy using virtual reality vr instructional technology identify modify risky pedestrian behaviors among chinese childrenmethods seventynine children grades 1 3 three elementary schools hubei province participated categorized urban n 20 migrant n 29 rural n 30 students based schools locations completed vr program comprising three streetcrossing challenges measure five pedestrian behaviors participants first attempted complete challenges firsttime trial t1 engaged personalized debriefing session undertaking challenges second time t2 pedestrian performance two trials compared school location grade level betweensubjects factors rationale behind risky pedestrian behaviors inductively analyzedresults three risky pedestrian behaviors observed program dashing street crossing blinking green light failing check traffic potential reasons behaviors included lack knowledge road signs traffic rules absence daily adult supervision overall pedestrian performance increased t1 t2 moderate effect size p2 059 p 001 significant main effect trials found three pedestrian behaviors values p 001 however interactions trial location trial grade nonsignificant univariate tests values p 05conclusions vr effective technology diagnose correct risky pedestrian behaviors among chinese children accompanied individual debriefing repetitive practices school location grade level significant influence childrens pedestrian performance learning outcomes indicating ubiquity pedestrian safety problem need effective instructional interventions