Avril Lusty, Janet Alexanian, Simon Kitto, Tim Wood, Luke T Lavallée, Chris Morash, Ilias Cagiannos, Rodney H Breau, Isabelle Raîche
How Surgeons Think to Avoid Error: A Case Study of the Neurovascular Bundle Sparing During a Robotic Prostatectomy
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wildfires western united states growing significant source air pollution eroding decades progress air pollution reduction effects preterm birth critical periods pregnancy unknown assessed associations prenatal exposure wildland fire smoke risk preterm birth gestational age 37 weeks assigned smoke exposure geocoded residence birth live singleton births california conceived 20072018 using weekly average concentrations particulate matter 25 pm25 attributable wildland fires united states environmental protection agencys community multiscale air quality model logistic regression yielded odds ratio preterm birth relation increases average exposure across whole pregnancy trimester week pregnancy models adjusted season age education raceethnicity medical insurance smoking birthing parent 5155026 births higher wildland fire pm25 exposure averaged across pregnancy trimester associated higher odds preterm birth increase 1 gm3 average wildland fire pm25 pregnancy 1013 95 ci10081017 wildland fire pm25 weeks pregnancy associated higher odds strongest estimates observed weeks second third trimesters 10 gm3 increase average wildland fire pm25 gestational week 23 associated 1034 95 ci 1019 1049 preterm birth preterm birth sensitive wildland fire pm25 therefore must reduce exposure pregnancy