Gerbrich Galema, Robbert Duvivier, Jan Pols, Debbie Jaarsma, Götz Wietasch
Learning the ropes: strategies program directors use to facilitate organizational socialization of newcomer residents, a qualitative study
BMC medical education
describe anatomical abnormalities hypospadias puberty using current commonly used anthropometric index data predict postoperative diagnostic classification children hypospadias puberty initially treated sichuan provincial peoples hospital april 2021 september 2022 selected recorded preoperative penoscrotal distance anogenital distance 2d4d finger ratio postoperative hypospadias classification receiver operating character curve used univariate analysis diagnostic predictive value index hypospadias classification training set binary logistic regression random forest support vector machine models constructed addition also prospectively collected data october 2022 september 2023 test set verify constructed machine learning models study included 389 cases 50 distal 167 midshaft 172 proximal cases validation set sensitivity binary lr rf svm 17 17 0 identifying distal type 61 55 64 identifying midshaft type 56 60 48 identifying proximal type respectively sensitivity threeclassification rf svm models 17 17 distal type 64 73 midshaft type 60 60 proximal type respectively testing set sensitivity binary lr rf svm 6 0 0 identifying distal type 64 55 66 identifying midshaft type 48 62 39 identifying proximal type respectively sensitivity threeclassification rf svm models 12 0 distal type 57 77 midshaft type 65 53 proximal type respectively compared binary classification models sensitivity threeclassification models distal type improved anogenital distance penoscrotal distance favorable predictive value midshaft proximal hypospadias among agd2 higher test efficiency stability recommended preferred anogenital distance indicator 2d4d finger ratio radiol radior little predictive value hypospadias classification