Daniel J. Exeter|Jinfeng Zhao|Sue Crengle|Arier Lee|Michael Browne
The New Zealand Indices of Multiple Deprivation (IMD): A new suite of indicators for social and health research in Aotearoa, New Zealand
University of Auckland|University of Auckland|University of Auckland|University of Auckland|University of Auckland
past 20 years new zealand deprivation index nzdep universal measure areabased social circumstances new zealand nz often key social determinant used population health social research paper presents first theoretical methodological shift measurement area deprivation new zealand since 1990s describes development new zealand index multiple deprivation imd briefly describe development data zones intermediary geographical scale outlining development new zealand index multiple deprivation imd uses routine datasets methods comparable current international deprivation indices identified 28 indicators deprivation national health social development taxation education police databases geospatial data providers 2013 census represented seven domains deprivation employment income crime housing health education geographical access imd combination seven domains domains may used individually combination explore geography deprivation association given health social outcome geographic variations distribution imd domains found among district health boards nz suggesting factors underpinning overall deprivation inconsistent across country exception access domain imd domains statistically moderatelytostrongly associated smoking rates household poverty imd provides nuanced view area deprivation circumstances aotearoa nz vision imd data zones widely used inform research policy resource allocation projects providing better measurement area deprivation nz improved outcomes mori consistent approach reporting monitoring social climate nz