Emmanuel Boakye Omari, Joana Salifu Yendork, Ebenezer Ankrah
University students' perspectives on the benefits and challenges of emergency remote teaching during the Covid-19 pandemic in Ghana
Education and information technologies
associations sitting standing physical activity sleep cardiometabolic health glycaemic control markers interrelated aimed identify 24 h timeuse compositions associated optimal metabolic glycaemic control determine whether varied diabetes status thighworn activpal data 2388 participants aged 4075 years 487 female mean age 601 sd 81 years n684 type 2 diabetes maastricht study examined compositional isometric log ratios generated mean 24 h time use sitting standing lightintensity physical activity lpa moderatetovigorous physical activity mvpa sleeping regressed outcomes waist circumference fasting plasma glucose fpg 2 h plasma glucose hba1c matsuda index expressed z scores clustered cardiometabolic risk score overall analyses adjusted demographics smoking dietary intake diabetes status interaction diabetes status examined separately estimated difference substituting 30 min one behaviour another determined isotemporal substitution identify optimal time use combinations 24 h compositions possible within study footprint 1st99th percentile behaviour investigated determine crosssectionally associated mostoptimal outcome top 5 outcome measure compositions lower sitting time greater standing time physical activity sleeping beneficial associations outcomes associations stronger participants type 2 diabetes p005 interactions larger estimated benefits waist circumference fpg hba1c sitting replaced lpa mvpa type 2 diabetes vs overall sample mean range optimal compositions 24 h time use considering outcomes 6 h range 5 h 40 min7 h 10 min sitting 5 h 10 min 4 h 10 min6 h 10 min standing 2 h 10 min 2 h2 h 20 min lpa 2 h 10 min 1 h 40 min2 h 20 min mvpa 8 h 20 min 7 h 30 min9 h sleeping shorter sitting time time spent standing undergoing physical activity sleeping associated preferable cardiometabolic health substitutions behavioural time use significantly stronger associations glycaemic control type 2 diabetes compared normoglycaemic metabolism especially sitting time balanced greater physical activity