Claudia Bruno, Carolyn E Cesta, Vidar Hjellvik, Sinna Pilgaard Ulrichsen, Marte-Helene Bjørk, Buket Öztürk Esen, Malcolm B Gillies, Mika Gissler, Alys Havard, Øystein Karlstad, Maarit K Leinonen, Mette Nørgaard, Sallie-Anne Pearson, Johan Reutfors, Kari Furu, Jacqueline M Cohen, Helga Zoega
Antipsychotic use during pregnancy and risk of specific neurodevelopmental disorders and learning difficulties in children: a multinational cohort study
EClinicalMedicine
frailty marked diminished physiological capacity higher health risks less understood middleaged individuals 4065 years older adults review synthesises intervention studies prefrailty frailty demographic assessing effectiveness feasibility implementation factors including participant experience costeffectiveness registered open science framework adhering preferred reporting items systematic reviews metaanalyses prisma template intervention description replication tidier guidelines review searched six databases interventions targeting middleaged adults dual screening data extraction risk assessment grading recommendations assessment development evaluations grade certainty evaluation conducted findings narratively synthesized due heterogeneity eight studies 20182023 2838 participants included resistance training multicomponent exercise reduced frailty though always significantly lowintensity exercises educationbased interventions yielded mixed results suggesting need research positive participant experiences costeffectiveness interventions resistance training educational interventions supports feasibility varying quality methodologies levels bias indicated need rigorous future research review reveals evidence gap middleaged frailty interventions multicomponent interventions resistance training showed promise comparative effectiveness remains uncertain educational lowintensity interventions need research establish effectiveness findings diverge older adults emphasising need agespecific approaches future studies employ higherquality methods explore emerging technologies enhance intervention effectiveness prefrailty frailty middleaged adults