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children adolescents congenital heart disease chd increased risk neuropsychiatric disorders npds purpose study determine comorbid npd affects hospital outcomes costs chd patients undergoing cardiac surgery retrospective review 20002012 healthcare cost utilization project kids inpatient databases admissions 10 21 years old icd9 code moderate severe chd procedure code cardiopulmonary bypass marker cardiac surgery admissions syndromes could associated npd excluded demographics hospital outcomes charges compared admissions without npd icd9 codes using analysis variance independent samples kruskalwallis 2 appropriate 4768 admissions chd cardiac surgery 4285 90 npd 93 2 cognitive deficits 390 8 moodbehavior deficits patients npd longer length stay higher mean charges p 001 patients moodbehavior deficits older patients cognitive deficits likely female p 001 children adolescents moderate severe chd npd undergo cardiac surgery incur longer hospital stays higher charges recognizing addressing underlying npds may important improve postoperative progression children adolescents chd hospitalized cardiac surgery