Ali Moro, Engelbert A Nonterah, Kerstin Klipstein-Grobusch, Samuel Oladokun, Paul Welaga, Patrick O Ansah, Perry Hystad, Roel Vermeulen, Abraham R Oduro, George Downward
Early life ambient air pollution, household fuel use, and under-5 mortality in Ghana
Environment international
food membership clubs charge small fee set number items place wessex address food insecurity inadequate reliable access sufficient affordable nutritious food clubs incorporate longerterm solutions budgeting support benefit maximisation cooking skills wessex diet project established measure acceptability impact clubs given paucity evidence prevalence food insecurity accessing clubs aimed quantify food insecurity assess diet quality wellbeing recruitment mixedmethods study recruited individuals accessing food clubs wessex march 31 july 31 2022 participants provided informed consent completed survey paper online recruitment collected data diet health used modified sixitem us department agriculture usda food security survey module followup surveys administered use clubs planned 3 6 12 months participants invited participate semistructured interview used data baseline survey quantify food insecurity assess diet quality wellbeing point first access food clubs 97 participants recruited five 5 aged 1824 years 15 15 2534 years 48 49 3554 years 13 13 5564 years nine 9 65 years older seven 7 report age 69 71 participants female 23 24 male five 5 respond question 79 81 white 65 67 reported least one dependent child 55 57 reported skipping cutting size meals enough money food food security status calculated 74 participants answered six questions usda module 30 41 reporting low food security 32 43 reporting low food security 31 32 97 participants reported rarely never eating fruit 23 24 eating fruit least day common reported frequency vegetable consumption 23 times week 26 27 46 times week 23 24 12 participants agreed interview clubs well received participants noticing improvement diet finances study highlights high prevalence food insecurity accessing food clubs wessex expected population using food aid positive reflections participants regarding diet quality using service findings might generalisable nationally followup assess impact clubs food insecurity diet quality wellbeing contributing evidence base effectiveness food clubs address outcomes national institute health care research nihr applied research collaboration wessex