Abhijit Mukherjee|Srimanti Duttagupta|Siddhartha Chattopadhyay|Soumendra N. Bhanja|Anandaroop Bhattacharya|Swagata Chakraborty|S. Sarkar|Tilottama Ghosh|Jayanta Bhattacharya|Sohini Sahu
Impact of sanitation and socio-economy on groundwater fecal pollution and human health towards achieving sustainable development goals across India from ground-observations and satellite-derived nightlight
Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur|Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur|Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur|Athabasca University|Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur|Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur|Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur|Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences|University of Colorado Boulder|NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information|Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur|Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
abstract globally 1 billion people mostly residing africa south asia eg india still lack access clean drinking water sanitation resulting unsafe disposal fecal waste opendefecation nearby drinking water sources severely endanger public health recently india huge opendefecating population leading declining public health waterborne diseases like diarrhoea ingesting polluted water mostly sourced groundwater however recent past sanitation development achieve sustainable development goals sdgs encouraged throughout india effect groundwater quality human health conditions yetunquantified first time using long term highspatial resolution measurements gt17 million across india analyses quantified years groundwater fecal coliform concentration 20022017 256 006year acute diarrheal cases 19902016 305 001year significantly reduced potentially influenced sanitation development 19902017 263 001year enhanced alleviation groundwater quality human health observed since 2014 initiation acceletated constructions sanitation infrastructures clean india swachh bharat mission however goal completely faecalpollution free clean drinking water yet achieved also evaluated suitability using satellitederived nighttime light nl 19922013 426 005year potential predictor economic development observed 80 study region nighttime light demonstrated strong predictor observed changes groundwater quality sanitation development waterborne disease cases sanitation economic development improve public health poor education level improper human practices strongly influence waterborne diseases loads thus health parts india