Antoine Choufani, Rasseel Barakat
The Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Lebanese Mothers Toward Their Children's Oral Health: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Cureus
purpose study delineate factors mediate translation preservice teachers conceptions nature science nos instructional planning classroom practice fourteen preservice secondary science teachers participated study prior student teaching participants responded openended questionnaire designed assess conceptions nos analysis questionnaires postponed completion student teaching avoid biasing collection andor analysis data sources throughout student teaching participants daily lesson plans classroom videotapes portfolios supervisors weekly clinical observation notes collated data searched explicit references nos following student teaching participants individually interviewed validate responses openended questionnaire identify factors constraints mediate translation conceptions nos classroom teaching participants found possess adequate understandings several important aspects nos including empirical tentative nature science distinction observation inference role subjectivity creativity science many claimed taught nos sciencebased activities however data analyses revealed explicit references nos rare planning instruction participants articulated several factors lack attention nos included viewing nos less significant instructional outcomes preoccupation classroom management routine chores discomfort understandings nos lack resources experience teaching nos cooperating teachers imposed restraints lack planning time addition volunteered constraints data revealed others related intricate interaction participants perspectives nos pedagogy instructional outcomes 1998 john wiley sons inc sci ed 82417436 1998