Lorna Bittencourt, Sharina D Person, Regina Celina Cruz, Isabel C Scarinci
Pictorial health warnings on cigarette packs and the impact on women
Revista de saude publica
smell disorders commonly reported covid19 infection smellrelated issues associated covid19 may prolonged even respiratory symptoms resolved smell dysfunctions range anosmia complete loss smell hyposmia reduced sense smell parosmia smells perceived differently phantosmia smells perceived without odor source present similar difficulty people experience talking smell experiences patients find difficult express label symptoms experience thereby complicating diagnosis complexity symptoms additional burden patients health care providers thus needs investigation study aims explore smell disorder concerns patients provide overview specific smell disorder using longitudinal survey conducted 2020 global consortium chemosensory research international research group created ad hoc studying chemosensory dysfunctions aimed extend existing knowledge smell disorders related covid19 analyzing large data set selfreported descriptive comments using methods natural language processing included selfreported data description changes smell provided 1560 participants 2 timepoints second survey completed 23 291 days text data participants still smell disorders second timepoint longhaulers compared text data nonlonghaulers specifically 3 aims pursued study first aim classify smell disorders based participants selfreports second aim classify sentiment selfreport using machine learning approach third aim find particular food nonfood keywords salient among longhaulers among nonlonghaulers found parosmia odds ratio 178 95 ci 135237 p001 well hyposmia 174 95 ci 134226 p001 frequently reported longhaulers nonlonghaulers furthermore significant relationship found longhauler status sentiment selfreport p001 finally found specific keywords typical longhaulers nonlonghaulers example fire gas wine vinegar work shows consistent findings previous studies indicate selfreports easily extracted online may offer valuable information health care understanding smell disorders time study selfreports provides new insights future studies investigating smell disorders