Indu Malhotra|Maxim J. McKibben|Peter Mungai|Elisabeth McKibben|Xuelei Wang|Laura J. Sutherland|Eric M. Muchiri|Charles H. King|Christopher L. King|A. Desirée LaBeaud
Effect of Antenatal Parasitic Infections on Anti-vaccine IgG Levels in Children: A Prospective Birth Cohort Study in Kenya
Case Western Reserve University|Center for Global Health|Case Western Reserve University|Center for Global Health|Ministry of Health|Case Western Reserve University|Center for Global Health|Case Western Reserve University|Case Western Reserve University|Center for Global Health|Ministry of Health|Case Western Reserve University|Center for Global Health|Case Western Reserve University|Center for Global Health|Case Western Reserve University|Center for Global Health
background parasitic infections prevalent among pregnant women subsaharan africa investigated whether prenatal exposure malaria andor helminths affects pattern infant immune responses standard vaccinations haemophilus influenzae hib diphtheria dt hepatitis b hep b tetanus toxoid tt methods findings 450 kenyan women tested malaria schistosomiasis lymphatic filariasis lf intestinal helminths pregnancy three standard vaccinations 6 10 14 weeks newborns followed biannually age 36 months tested absolute levels igg hib dt hep b tt time point newborns cord blood cb lymphocyte responses malaria bloodstage antigens soluble schistosoma haematobium worm antigen swap filaria antigen bma also assessed three immunophenotype categories compared tolerant plasmodium schistosoma wuchereriainfected mothers lacking respective th1th2type recall responses birth malaria antigens swap bma ii sensitized infecteduninfected mothers detectable th1th2type cb recall response respective parasite antigen iii unexposed evidence maternal infection cb recall response overall 789 mothers infected lf 447 schistosomiasis 324 malaria 276 hookworm 338 antenatal maternal malaria lf hookworm independently associated significantly lower hibspecific igg presence multiple maternal infections associated lower infant igg levels hib dt antigens postvaccination postvaccination igg levels also significantly associated immunophenotype malariatolerized infants reduced response dt whereas filariatolerized infants showed reduced response hib conclusions impaired ability develop igg antibody responses key protective antigens hib diphtheria infants mothers infected malaria andor helminths pregnancy findings highlight importance control prevention parasitic infections among pregnant women