Syeda Rubaba Azim, Munizha Nisar, Mukhtiar Baig, Syed Muhammad Azfar, Syeda Nazish Azim, Adina Anwar
Experiences of virtual teaching during COVID-19 in medical institutes of Karachi, Pakistan: teachers' perspective
JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association
study aims assess impact nonfluorinated glucocorticoid use varying doses longterm physical neurological socialemotional development outcomes offspring born patients systemic lupus erythematosus sle goal provide guidance appropriate dosage glucocorticoids pregnancy sle patients conducted followup study offspring sle patients pregnancies admitted obstetrics department january 1 2016 september 30 2021 patients received immunosuppressants dexamethasone excluded study sle patients categorized three groups based glucocorticoid use pregnancy hormonefree group 10 mgday group 10 mgday group equivalent prednisone patients three groups used hydroxychloroquine pregnancy assessed physical development status including weight height length relevant factors three groups additionally utilized age stages questionnaires third edition asq3 evaluate development communication gross motor fine motor problemsolving personalsocial socialemotional development status assessed using age stages questionnaires socialemotional asq se standardized weight height length body mass index asq3 domain scores children different ages genders zscores comparison results study demonstrated statistically significant differences longterm physical development neurological development socialemotional development outcomes offspring sle patients three groups however reaching statistical significance found offspring 10 mgday group lower height length zscores communication zscores compared groups conclusion use nonfluorinated glucocorticoids pregnancy varying doses significant impact longterm physical neurological socialemotional development outcomes offspring born sle patients however offspring sle patients treated glucocorticoids 10 mgday pregnancy may necessary strengthen monitoring height length communication skills long term known fetal exposure glucocorticoids implications development multiple systems may persist birth potentially increasing risk neurological abnormalities diseases limited research longterm development offspring born sle patients especially patients treated glucocorticoids new use nonfluorinated glucocorticoids pregnancy varying doses significant impact longterm outcomes offspring born sle patients offspring sle patients treated glucocorticoids 10 mgday pregnancy may necessary strengthen monitoring height length communication skills long term