Vaitsa Giannouli, Magdalini Tsolaki
Brain Volumes and Metacognitive Deficits in Knowledge of Self, Task and Strategies in Mathematics: A Preliminary Pilot One-Year Longitudinal Study in aMCI Patients Compared to Healthy Controls
Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)
endogenous selection bias central problem causal inference recognizing problem however difficult practice article introduces purely graphical way characterizing endogenous selection bias understanding consequences hernn et al 2004 use causal graphs direct acyclic graphs dags highlight endogenous selection bias stems conditioning eg controlling stratifying selecting socalled collider variable ie variable caused two variables one associated treatment another associated outcome endogenous selection bias result direct conditioning outcome variable postoutcome variable posttreatment variable even pretreatment variable highlight difference endogenous selection bias commoncause confounding overcontrol bias discuss numerous examples social stratification cultural sociology social network analysis political sociology social demography sociology education