Jazmin Vidal, Dayana Ribas, Cyntia Bonomi, Eduardo Lleida, Luciana Ferrer, Alfonso Ortega
Automatic Voice Disorder Detection from a Practical Perspective
Journal of voice : official journal of the Voice Foundation
estimation gradients lifetime health notably qualityadjusted life expectancy qale largely focused index multiple deprivation categorize population socioeconomic position article estimate qale using alternate individual rather arealevel indicators socioeconomic position building previous research methods distribution qale estimated across education income groups based data health survey england office national statistics qale estimated group combining multivariate mortality rates healthrelated quality life hrql weights using life tables hrql weights estimated using ordinary least squares missing data handled using multiple imputation estimated lifetime hrql weights decreased increased age lower educational attainment lower income example qale birth males lowest educational attainment group 6169 qualityadjusted lifeyears qalys 154 qalys lower females group contrast 7658 7589 qalys males females highest educational attainment group respectively similar trend observed across income quintiles albeit gap less pronounced use index multiple deprivation assess health inequalities may masking important information individuallevel variation decisions makers consider alongside merits using arealevel approaches categorizing population individuallevel approaches preferable