Shannon M Monnat, Monica A F Lounsbery, Thomas L McKenzie, Raeven Faye Chandler
Associations between demographic characteristics and physical activity practices in Nevada schools
Preventive medicine
examined relationship alcoholspecific nonalcoholspecific parental characteristics occasional alcohol drinking early adolescence probed potential school district variation total 1581 fourth sixth graders age range 1012 years ascertained 17 elementary schools cohort study conducted northern taiwan 2006 three waves followup 2007 2009 information alcoholspecific nonalcoholspecific parental attributes obtained first two waves selfadministered paperandpencil questionnaires occasional drinking defined drunk three occasions past year assessed fourth wave school district characteristics retrieved official statistics selfreport multilevel analyses used evaluate strength association stratification disadvantaged status school districts thirteen percent 95 confidence interval ci 101158 young adolescents reported drink occasionally higher grade level childhood drinking experience lower parental education maternal drinking positive parental attitude toward drinking significant predictors nonalcohol parental predictors including living parents adjusted odds ratio aor 234 95 ci 121453 parental involvementreinforcement aor 44 95 ci 2287 significant children socioeconomically disadvantaged school districts alcoholspecific parental characteristics effects maternal drinking appear salient socioeconomically advantaged school districts aor 263 95 ci 166418 alcoholspecific nonalcoholspecific parental influence may operate differentially across school districts subgrouped socioeconomic attributes preventive strategies raising awareness underage drinking strengthening parenting skills devised implemented perspective social context