Sousan Hamwi, Henrique Barros, Elsa Lorthe
Migrant-Native Disparities in Obstetric Neuraxial Analgesia Use: The Role of Host-Country Language Proficiency
Anesthesia and analgesia
study takes challenge quantifying complex causal loop diagram describing poverty health affect using longitudinal data netherlands furthermore paper elaborates methodological approach order facilitate replication methodological advancement adapting causal loop diagram built stakeholders longitudinal structural equation modelling approach used crosslagged panel model nine endogenous variables two latent variables three timeinvariant exogenous variables constructed model directional effects estimated grangercausal manner using data 2015 2019 direct effects oneyear lag total effects multiple eight years calculated five sensitivity analyses conducted two focus lowerincome lowerwealth individuals three added one exogenous variable work status level education home ownership effects income financial wealth health present relatively weak overall population sensitivity analyses show effects stronger lower incomes wealth physical capability seem strong positive effects income financial wealth number results well estimated models extensive many estimated effects become substantial several years income financial wealth appear limited effects health overall population netherlands however indications effects may stronger individuals closer poverty threshold since estimated effects physical capability income financial wealth substantial broad recommendation would including physical capability efforts aimed improving income financial wealth could useful effective methodological approach described paper could also applied research settings topics