Bolin Zhang, Huijing Shi, Qun Wang, Zhe Zhang, Mengna Li
Maternal passive smoking during pregnancy and age of menarche in daughters: a study of elementary and middle school students in Shanghai
Asia-Pacific journal of public health
sought examine incidence mortality trends drowningrelated hospitalizations children aged 20 years study presence risk factors associated inhospital mortality retrospective analysis 20032016 health care cost utilization project national inpatient sample kids inpatient database performed estimated annual incidence rate drowning hospitalizations declined 315 273 187 per 100 000 population drowningrelated hospitalizations seen 5yearold children 664 males 653 caucasians 417 public insurance 46 inhospital mortality declined 46 estimated 290 deaths 2003 156 deaths 2016 multivariate analysis age 5 years caucasian ethnicity uninsured status poolbathtub undetermined location arrhythmia adjusted odds ratio aor 13 p 001 acute kidney injury aor 34 p 001 cerebral edema aor 28 p 001 cardiopulmonary resuscitation aor 121 p 001 invasive mechanical ventilation aor 284 p 001 found independent predictors mortality