Marion Fourcade|Kieran Healy
Classification situations: Life-chances in the neoliberal era
University of California, Berkeley|Duke University
article examines stratifying effects economic classifications argue neoliberal era market institutions increasingly use actuarial techniques split sort individuals classification situations shape lifechances general increasingly pervasive process main empirical illustration comes transformation credit market united states market works leveling force condenser new forms social difference us banking credit system greatly broadened scope past twenty years incorporate previously excluded groups observe leveling tendency expansion credit amongst lowerincome households systematization overdraft protections unexpected rapid growth fringe banking sector access credit democratized also differentiated scoring technologies classify price people according credit risk allowed multiple new distinctions made amongst creditworthy scores get attached different interest rates loan structures scores also expanded markets beyond consumer credit insurance real estate employment elsewhere result cumulative pattern advantage disadvantage objectively measured subjectively experienced aspects argue private classificatory tools increasingly central generation marketsituations thus important overlooked force structures individual lifechances short classification situations may become engine modern class situations