Wei-Yun Chang, Kuei-Min Chen, Meng-Chin Chen, Li-Yen Yang, Hui-Fen Hsu
Prevalence and demographic characteristics of high-need community-dwelling older adults in Taiwan
Health & social care in the community
researchers challenged go beyond socioeconomic status search schoollevel characteristics make difference student achievement purpose present study identify new construct academic optimism use explain student achievement controlling socioeconomic status previous achievement urbanicity study focused diverse sample 96 high schools random sample teachers school provided data schools academic optimism student achievement scores demographic characteristics obtained state department education confirmatory factor analysis hypothesis tests conducted simultaneously via structural equation modeling predicted academic optimism made significant contribution student achievement controlling demographic variables previous achievement findings support critical nature academic optimism