Jason Baek, Vamana Rajeswaran, Susan Tran, Lisa Alexander, Diana Jaskolka, Shirine Usmani, Paul Yip, Geetha Mukerji
A Multimodal Intervention for Reducing Unnecessary Repeat Glycated Hemoglobin Testing
Canadian journal of diabetes
aim assess use dualpoly tobacco sample pregnant women crosssectional survey twenty prenatal care units botucatu sao paulo brazil evaluated 127 highrisk pregnant smokers prenatal care 1238 weeks pregnant currently smoking conventional cigarettes study enrollment took place january 2015 december 2015 dualpoly prevalence tobacco products pregnancy characteristics related smoking pregnant smokers specific questionnaire containing questions related sociodemographic characteristics comorbidities gestational history smoking history secondhand smoke exposure nicotine dependence motivation stage use alternative forms tobacco mean age 269 66 years elementary education belonged lower income economic groups twentyfive 197 smoked conventional cigarettes 102 used conventional alternative forms tobacco products smoking packyears significantly lower smoking conventional cigarettes dualpoly users proportion patients elevated degree nicotine dependence higher conventional cigarettes users side alcohol intake higher dualpoly smokers compared conventional cigarettes group alternative forms smoking associated significantly higher occurrences comorbidities pulmonary cardiovascular cancer prevalence alternative forms users smoking products high pregnancy data reinforce importance family approach towards smoking pregnant women education risks alternative forms tobacco