Makhdoom Bilawal, Ramna Shafique, Rafay Shahab Ansari, Muhammad Arsalan Bashir, Muhammad Amaan Nadeem, Sardar Noman Qayyum, Hussain Haider Shah, Annoushay Tehseen, Lujain Alnemr, Samim Noori
Exploring the Quality of Life (QOL) of medical students in Karachi, Pakistan
BMC medical education
objectives study 1 examine demographic differences patient portal users nonusers 2 examine health literacy patient selfefficacy technology usage attitudes patient portal users nonusers data collected amazon mechanical turk mturk workers december 2021 january 2022 mturk workers completed online survey asked health access technology health literacy patient selfefficacy media technology attitudes patient portal use account total 489 mturk workers completed survey data analyzed using latent class analysis lca multivariate logistic regression models latent class analysis models revealed qualitative differences users nonusers patient portals relation neighborhood type education income disability status comorbidity type insurance type presence absence primary care providers results partially confirmed logistic regression models showed participants insurance primary care provider disability comorbid condition likely patient portal account study findings suggest access health care along ongoing patient health needs influence usage patient portal platforms patients health insurance opportunity access health care services including establishing relationship primary care provider relationship critical patient ever creating patient portal account actively engaging care including communicating care team