Zhixin Zhang, Gang Xu, Jing Gao, Lu Wang, Yonghai Zhu, Zhiyong Li, Wei Zhou
Effects of E-Learning Environment Use on Visual Function of Elementary and Middle School Students: A Two-Year Assessment-Experience from China
International journal of environmental research and public health
urban elementary schools minority communities high obesity prevalence may limited resources physical education pe achieve daily activity recommendations little known whether integrating physical activity pa classrooms increase activity levels students attending schools conducted cluster randomized controlled trial among kindergarten firstgrade students four bronx new york schools determine feasibility impact classroombased intervention students pa levels students two intervention schools received childrens hospital montefiore joining academics movement cham jam audio cd consisting 10minute educationfocused aerobic activities led teachers three times day pa objectively measured pedometer subject wore sealed pedometer 6hour school day 5 consecutive days baseline time 1 8 weeks postintervention time 2 hierarchical linear models fit evaluate differences mean number steps two groups total 988 students participated intervention group n500 control group n488 significant difference baseline two groups mean number steps 2581 standard deviation sd 1284 vs 2476 sd 1180 p071 eight weeks postcham jam intervention group students took significantly greater mean number steps controls 2839 sd 1262 vs 2545 sd 1153 p00048 adjusting baseline number steps covariates grade gender recess pe class cham jam equally effective gender grade level bmi subgroups cham jam significantly increased schoolbased pa among kindergarten firstgrade students innercity schools approach holds promise costeffective means integrate physical cognitive benefits pa highrisk schools