Hisham E Hasan, Deema Jaber, Omar F Khabour, Karem H Alzoubi
Ethical considerations and concerns in the implementation of AI in pharmacy practice: a cross-sectional study
BMC medical ethics
air toxics atmospheric pollutants hazardous effects health environment although methodological constraints limited number air toxics assessed associations health disease advances machine learning ml enable assessment much larger set environmental exposures used ml methods conduct retrospective study identify combinations 109 air toxics associated asthma symptoms among 269 elementary school students spokane washington data frequency asthma symptoms children obtained spokane public schools exposure air toxics estimated using environmental protection agencys air toxics screening assessment national air toxics assessment defined three exposure periods recent year 2019 last three years 20172019 last five years 20142019 analyzed data using mlbased datadriven exposure profile deep extraction method deep identified 25 air toxic combinations associated asthma symptoms least one exposure period three combinations 111trichloroethane 2nitropropane 246trichlorophenol significantly associated asthma symptoms three exposure periods four air toxics 111trichloroethane 1122tetrachloroethane bis 2ethylhexyl phthalate dehp 24dinitrophenol associated combination toxics would identified traditional statistical methods application deep also identified vulnerable subpopulation children exposed 13 25 significant combinations least one exposure period average children experienced largest number asthma symptoms sample providing evidence air toxic combinations associated childhood asthma findings may contribute regulation toxics improve childrens respiratory health