Angelina Wilson Fadiji, Vijay Reddy
Well-being and mathematics achievement: What is the role of gender, instructional clarity, and parental involvement?
Frontiers in psychology
ends use highly prevalent among us youth concern respiratory health effects however evidence nationally representative longitudinal data limited using youth aged 1217 years data waves 15 20132019 population assessment tobacco health study multilevel poisson regression models estimated examine association ends use cigarettes diagnosed bronchitis pneumonia chronic cough current product use lagged 1 wave categorized 1 nevernoncurrent use 2 exclusive cigarette use 3 exclusive ends use 4 dual endscigarette use multivariable models adjusted age sex race ethnicity parental education asthma bmi cannabis use secondhand smoke exposure household use combustible products data analysis conducted 20222023 total 74 respondents diagnosed bronchitis pneumonia chronic cough followup multivariable model exclusive cigarette use incident rate ratio185 95 ci129 265 exclusive ends use incident rate ratio149 95 ci106 208 dual use incident rate ratio270 95 ci161 350 associated higher risk diagnosed bronchitis pneumonia chronic cough nevernoncurrent use results suggest ends cigarettes used exclusively jointly increased risk diagnosed bronchitis pneumonia chronic cough among us youth however dual use associated highest risk targeted policies aimed continuing reduce cigarette smoking ends use among youth especially among dual use needed