Ranjit Kumar Chandra
Nutrition, immunity and infection: From basic knowledge of dietary manipulation of immune responses to practical application of ameliorating suffering and improving survival
Janeway Children's Health and Rehabilitation Centre|Memorial University of Newfoundland
thy food belchd infected lungs william shakespeare pericles iv vi 178the causal relationship conjugal pair famine pestilence known millennia recognized malnutrition infection two major obstacles health development survival worldwide poverty ignorance significant contributing factors 1 2 epidemiological observations confirmed infection malnutrition aggravate however nutrition influence infections equally 3 4 infections eg pneumonia bacterial viral diarrhea measles tuberculosis overwhelming evidence clinical course final outcome affected adversely nutritional deficiency others eg viral encephalitis tetanus effect nutritional status minimal still others eg influenza virus human immunodeficiency virus nutrition exerts moderate influence established nutritional deficiency commonly associated impaired immune responses particularly cellmediated immunity phagocyte function cytokine production secretory antibody response antibody affinity complement system 1 5 6 fact malnutrition commonest cause immunodeficiency worldwidethere threepronged impetus systematic studies immune responses undernourished individuals first plethora public health data indicating interaction usually synergistic occasionally antagonistic malnutrition infection 3 second new concepts novel techniques immunology emerged 1960s 1970s third dramatic human stories demographic data stimulated individual scientists following example shows 7 interest nutritionimmunity interactions kindled two cases first story unhappy ending child second bleak scenario third world eighteenmonthold kamala thin skin pale wax lungs screaming air wore