Karin Binder|Stefan Krauss|Georg Bruckmaier
Effects of visualizing statistical information – an empirical study on tree diagrams and 2 × 2 tables
University of Regensburg|University of Regensburg|University of Regensburg
research articles scholars often use 2 2 tables tree diagrams including natural frequencies order illustrate bayesian reasoning situations peers interestingly effect visualizations participants performance tested empirically far apart explicit training studies present article report empirical study 3 2 2 design systematically vary visualization visualization vs 2 2 table vs tree diagram information format probabilities vs natural frequencies two contexts medical vs economical context factor interest n 259 participants students age 1618 solve two typical bayesian reasoning tasks mammography problem economics problem hypothesis 2 2 tables tree diagrams especially natural frequencies included foster insight notoriously difficult structure bayesian reasoning situations contrast many visualizations eg icon arrays euler diagrams 2 2 tables tree diagrams advantage constructed easily implications findings teaching bayesian reasoning discussed