Nicolette Codispoti, Elizabeth Southworth, Sarah A Wagner, Scott C Graziano, Gregory Gruener
Bridge to M4 (B2M4): An innovative residency application preparation curriculum
The clinical teacher
identification highrisk areas cancer referred spatial clusters inform targeted policies cancer control although cancer cluster detection could affected various geographic characteristics including sociodemographic environmental factors impacts could also vary time studies accounting influence remain limited study aims assess role geographic characteristics spatial cluster detection lung stomach cancer extended period obtained sexspecific agestandardized incidence mortality rates lung stomach cancer well geographic characteristics across 233 districts south korea three fiveyear periods 1999 2013 classified geographic characteristics district four categories demography socioeconomic status behaviors physical environments specifically quantified physical environments using measures greenness concentrations particulate matter nitrogen dioxide air pollution emissions finally conducted cluster detection analyses using weighted normal spatial scan statistics residuals multiple regression analyses performed four progressive sets geographic attributes found size clusters reduced progressively adjusted geographic covariates among four categories physical environments greatest impact reduction disappearance clusters particularly lung cancer consistently time whereas older population affected decrease lung cancer clusters early period contribution education large recent period impact less clear stomach cancer lung cancer findings highlight importance geographic characteristics explaining existing cancer clusters identifying new clusters jointly provides practical guidance cancer control