Nastaran Moradloo, Iman Mahdinia, Asad J Khattak
Safety in higher level automated vehicles: Investigating edge cases in crashes of vehicles equipped with automated driving systems
Accident; analysis and prevention
study aimed acquire insight perceived user friendliness accessibility inclusiveness personalized digital care pathway usability tool tested experimental setting mixed methods data collection consisted scenariobased eye tracking tests web mobilebased prototype tool followed questionnaire assessing user friendliness system usability scale sus structured interview inclusiveness assessed subgroup comparisons based language proficiency age education level via purposive sampling heterogeneous population users n 24 recruited eye tracking used measure gaze behavior overall participants satisfied tool scale 010 75 sd 129 user friendliness mobile version 683 sd 216 higher web version 509 sd 173 measured sus score 0100 regard accessibility eye tracking scenarios showed menu bar hard find 17 mobile 55 web scenarios information found faster mobile version web version attention easily drawn images regarding inclusiveness tool found significantly longer completing time scenario tasks low language proficiency pvalue 0029 higher age subgroups pvalue 0049 lower language proficiency scored significant lower sus score pvalue 0012 overall user friendliness accessibility positively evaluated assessment inclusiveness emphasized need tailoring digital tools low language proficiency andor older age cocreation digital care tools users therefore important match users needs make tools easily understandable accessible users ultimately result better uptake impact