Anita Anis Allana, Syeda Kauser Ali, Kulsoom Ghias
Bioethics curriculum for undergraduate medical students: an evaluation study utilizing mixed methods approach
BMC medical education
internet provides accessible medical information often times cater average patients ability understand medical text 6th 8th grade reading level per american medical association amanational institute health nih recommendations study looks analyze current online materials relating posterior cruciate ligament pcl surgery readability understandability actionability top 100 google searchs pcl surgery compiled research papers procedural protocols advertisements videos excluded data collection readability examined using 7 algorithms flesch reading ease score gunning fog fleschkincaid grade level colemanliau index smog index automated readability index linsear write formula two evaluators assessed understandability actionability results patient educational materials assessment tool pemat outcome measures included reading grade level readers age minimum maximum understandability actionability 100 results 16 excluded based exclusion criteria statistically significant difference readability results algorithms current recommendation ama nih subgroup analysis demonstrated difference readability pertained page appeared google search also difference readability individual websites versus organizational websites hospital nonhospital educational websites three articles 8th grade recommended reading level three healthcare institutes discrepancy readability recommendation amanih online educational materials regarding pcl surgeries regardless appear google across different forums understandability actionability equally poor future research focus readability validity video social media becoming increasingly popular sources medical information