Arshad Quddus|Stephen P. Luby|Mohammad H. Rahbar|Yousaf Pervaiz
Neonatal tetanus: mortality rate and risk factors in Loralai District, Pakistan
University of Balochistan
study conducted estimate neonatal tetanus nnt mortality rate identify risk factors nnt deaths loralai district pakistanwe conducted communitybased crosssectional survey julyseptember 1997 stratified sample proportionate population union councils populous village union council selected first interviewed women selected randomly live birth 18 months preceding survey conducted matched casecontrol study identify risk factors nnt deaths used world health organization criteria enrol cases identified crosssectional survey registered district hospital enrolled three communitybased controls per case matched area residence immunization status date birthof 1547 live births 36 neonatal deaths due tetanus nnt mortality rate district 23 per 1000 live births 95 ci 1630 casecontrol study enrolled 41 cases 123 controls using conditional logistic regression risk nnt death increased use soil delivery surface 32 95 ci 11102 fathers illiteracy 32 95 ci 1381 possession sheep home 2 95 ci 1050 population attributable risk per cent soil delivery surface 64transmission infection using soil delivery surface occur direct indirect contamination fresh umbilical wound use safer delivery practices general clean surfaces particular encouraged reduce nnt mortality rate area