Nancy O'Hara Tompkins, Karen Northrup, Josh Grant, Mary Folz Weikle, Dustin Long, John Bassler, Charlotte Workman, Zachary Ramsey, Traci Jarrett, Hannah Sirk, Lesley Cottrell
Translating School Physical Education and Activity Policies into Practice: A Case Study
Translational journal of the American College of Sports Medicine
purpose investigate association parentchild interactions first grade child resilience second grade dental caries incidence fourth grade elementary school methods longitudinal data 3168 children adachi child health impact living difficulty achild study analyzed 2015 caregivers firstgrade public elementary school children adachi city tokyo japan provided answers parenting behaviors second grade child resilience oral health behaviors measured incidence dental caries fourth grade assessed mandatory dental checkups school structural equation modeling applied results parentchild interactions firstgrade associated higher resilience children second grade standardized coefficient equals 0402 95 percent confidence interval 95 ci equals 0357 0446 associated favorable oral health behavior year equals 0236 95 ci equals 0159 0313 favorable oral health behavior inversely associated dental caries incidence fourth grade equals 0108 95 ci equals 0170 0045 conclusion parentchild interactions associated improved resilience fewer incidents dental caries children