Hannah R Thompson, Bhaani K Singh, Ana Ibarra-Castro, Gail Woodward-Lopez, Kristine A Madsen
Access to credentialed elementary physical education teachers in California and students' cardiorespiratory fitness
Preventive medicine
explore experiences socioculturally diverse community members attempting manage chronic pain enact evidencebased management plans following index emergency department ed visit convergent parallel mixedmethods design qualitative interviews descriptive analysis undertaken two public hospitals multicultural region sydney australia consecutive adults recruited culturally linguistically diverse cald n 45 australianborn n 45 backgrounds presented ed chronic neuromusculoskeletal pain condition consenting participants prescribed individualised chronic pain management plan following examination physiotherapist collected standardised measures pain health literacy six months later participants underwent structured phone survey regarding pain status whether actioned management plans participants invited participate semistructured interview sixmonth data available 82 90 participants attended ed consented baseline assessment 40 cald 42 australianborn participants 52 females predominately middleaged mean age 547 years overall mean symptom duration 10 years sd 90 6 months nine representations six cald participants 23 nine australianborn participants overall 52 reported unchanged pain 24 worse 23 improved similar action plan progress cald 58 australianborn 53 participants pain features health literacy similar irrespective progress pain management plans 41 participants consented phone interviews three themes emerged explain progress recommendations illness model urgency control orientation patients presenting ed chronic pain might likely action discharge recommendations primary care providers identify patientspecific contextual barriers implementation