David Kollosche, Wolfram Meyerhöfer
COVID-19, mathematics education, and the evaluation of expert knowledge
Educational studies in mathematics
distribution allelic effects traits along genebygene genebyenvironment interactions contributes phenotypes available selection trajectories adaptive variants nonetheless uncertainty persists regarding effect sizes underlying adaptations importance genetic interactions herein aimed investigate genetic architecture epistatic environmental interactions involving loci contribute multiple adaptive traits using two new panels drosophila melanogaster recombinant inbred lines rils better fit data reimplemented functions rqtl broman et al 2003 using additive genetic models found 14 quantitative trait loci qtl underlying melanism wing size song pattern ethanol resistance combining mapping results population genetic statistics identified potential new genes related traits none detected qtls showed clear evidence epistasis power analysis indicated seen least one significant interaction sign epistasis strong positive epistasis played pervasive role trait evolution contrast find roles genebyenvironment interactions involving pigmentation traits overall data suggest genetic architecture adaptive traits often involves alleles detectable effect strong epistasis always play role adaptation environmental interactions modulate effect size adaptive alleles