Antoine Choufani, Rasseel Barakat
The Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Lebanese Mothers Toward Their Children's Oral Health: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Cureus
physical verbal relational bullying victimization common forms bullying victimization victims may suffer one form victimization may suffer multiple forms victimization time bullying victimization groups heterogeneous different forms victimization may different combination patterns previous studies assessed patterns bullying victimization among junior senior high school students however limited studies explored patterns among elementary students explored possible factors shaping patterns integrated perspective family individual expanded deepened research area using questionnaires collect selfreport data 866 parentchild pairs latent profile analysis used explore patterns elementary students multinomial logistic regression used examine relations patterns family individual factors found three bullying victimization groups severe 54 verbal 136 nonbullying victimization 81 family factors time parents spent children protective factor bullying victimization negative interactions children risk factor individuallevel protective factors bullying victimization coming single child household positive coping style perceived peer support whereas negative coping style risk factor results indicate different forms bullying victimization cooccur among elementary school students family individual factors associated bullying victimization patterns important consider heterogeneity among bullying victimization groups elementary students influencing factors develop targeted prevention interventions different bullying victimization groups