Roopam Shukla|Ankit Agarwal|Kamna Sachdeva|Jüergen Kurths|P. K. Joshi
Climate change perception: an analysis of climate change and risk perceptions among farmer types of Indian Western Himalayas
TERI University|University of Potsdam|TERI University|University of Potsdam|Jawaharlal Nehru University
climate change variability created widespread risks farmers food livelihood security himalayas however extent impacts experienced perceived farmers varies substantial diversity demographic social economic conditions therefore essential understand farmers different resourceendowment household characteristics perceive climatic risks study aims analyze farmer types perceive climate change processes impacts gain insight locally differentiated concerns farming communities present study based uttarakhand state indian western himalayas examine farmer perceptions climate change perceived impacts differ across farmer types primary household interviews farming households n 241 done chakrata bhikiyasian tehsil uttarakhand india addition annual seasonal patterns historical data temperature 19512013 precipitation 19012013 analyzed estimate trends validate farmers perception using statistical methods farmer typology constructed five unique farmer types identified majority respondents across farmer types noticed decrease summer winter precipitation increase summer temperature whereas perceptions impacts climate change diverged across farmer types specific farmer types exclusively experienced impacts impact climatic risks household food security income significantly perceived stronger lowresourceendowed subsistence farmers whereas landless farmer type exclusively felt impacts communities social bond deeper understanding differentiated perception impacts strong implications agricultural development policymaking highlighting need providing flexible adaptation options rather specific solutions avoid inequalities fulfilling needs heterogeneous farming communities