Johanna Ojala-Oksala|Hanna Jokinen|Valtteri Köpsi|Kalevi Lehtonen|Liisa Luukkonen|Antti Paukkunen|Lotte Seeck|Susanna Melkas|Tarja Pohjasvaara|Pekka J. Karhunen|Marja Hietanen|Timo Erkinjuntti|Niku Oksala
Educational History Is an Independent Predictor of Cognitive Deficits and Long-Term Survival in Postacute Patients With Mild to Moderate Ischemic Stroke
University of Helsinki|Tampere University|University of Helsinki|Tampere University|University of Helsinki|Tampere University|University of Helsinki|Tampere University|University of Helsinki|Tampere University|University of Helsinki|Tampere University|University of Helsinki|Tampere University|University of Helsinki|Tampere University|University of Helsinki|Tampere University|University of Helsinki|Tampere University|University of Helsinki|Tampere University|University of Helsinki|Tampere University|University of Helsinki|Tampere University
poststroke cognitive decline white matter lesions wml related poor poststroke survival whether cognitive reserve reflected educational history associates cognitive decline recurrent strokes poststroke mortality independent wml knowna total 486 consecutive acute mildmoderate ischemic stroke patients subjected comprehensive neuropsychological assessment n409 magnetic resonance imaging n395 3 months poststroke included study followedup 12 years odds ratios logistic hazard ratios cox regression analyses reported hazard ratio1 indicates beneficial effectlong educational history per tertile associated lower frequency executive dysfunction models adjusted age sex marital status stroke severity 075 p005 adding wml covariate contrast educational history independently associated less memory impairment 067 p001 aphasia 069 p005 visuospatial constructive deficits 070 p005 minimental state examination score25 053 p00001 dementia 066 p001 cox regression analysis educational history associated recurrent strokes associated independently favorable poststroke survival hazard ratio 086 p005long educational history associates less poststroke cognitive deficits dementia favorable longterm survival independent age gender marital status stroke severity wml patients mildmoderate ischemic stroke supports hypothesis educational history proxy indicator cognitive reserve protects deficits induced acute stroke