Anja Neundorf|Richard G. Niemi|Kaat Smets
The Compensation Effect of Civic Education on Political Engagement: How Civics Classes Make Up for Missing Parental Socialization
University of Nottingham|University of Rochester|Royal Holloway University of London
development political engagement early life significant given impact political knowledge participation analyses reveal large influence parents offsprings curiosity politics teenage years increasingly civic education also considered important influence political interest orientations young people schools assigned crucial role creating maintaining civic equality study effects civic education political engagement focusing especially whether civic education compensate missing parental political socialization use data belgian political panel study 20062011 us youthparent socialization panel study 19651997 contain information political attitudes behaviors adolescents young adults parents educational curriculum young respondents findings suggest civics training schools indeed compensates inequalities family socialization respect political engagement conclusion holds two different countries us belgium different points time 1960s 2000s varying length observation youth old age impressionable years