Ami C Bax, David E Bard, Steven P Cuffe, Robert E McKeown, Mark L Wolraich
The Association Between Race/Ethnicity and Socioeconomic Factors and the Diagnosis and Treatment of Children with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBP
school connectedness closely linked academic success students engaged school better attendance academic performance less likely drop residential mobility moved homes increase risk negative academic trajectory eg absenteeism academic failure increasing housing instability united states due rising housing costs especially urban areas made residential mobility growing concern existing research examined residential mobility among students connection longterm consequences absenteeism academic failure less known residential mobility relates potential intermediate school experiences eg school disconnectedness low perceived academic ability experiences school violence harassment contribute negative academic trajectory study examines associations residential mobility elementary school school experiences large urban jurisdiction data collected sample public elementary school students los angeles county 5th grade n 5620 via california healthy kids survey 20132014 descriptive chisquare multiple logistic regression analyses predicted probabilities performed examine relationships pastyear residential mobility indicators school connectedness schoolbased relationships perceived academic performance exposure violence harassment third 366 students analysis sample moved least past year adjusting neighborhood family factors higher number pastyear moves significantly associated poorer school experiences including lower odds school connectedness highmovers 2 moves adjusted odds ratio aor 077 95 confidence interval ci 068086 compared nonmovers movers lower odds perceived academic ability 1 move aor 072 ci 063083 2 moves aor 055 ci 044069 higher odds exposure violence harassment victim 1 move aor 126 ci 117137 2 moves aor 134 ci 117154 perpetrator 1 move aor 121 ci 108136 2 moves aor 154 ci 124192 results highlight value developing implementing strategies identify support students move young ages prevent student disengagement promote attendance academic success early life trajectory