Cori T Leonetti, Heather Lindberg, David Otto Schwake, Robin L Cotter
A Call to Assess the Impacts of Course-Based Undergraduate Research Experiences for Career and Technical Education, Allied Health, and Underrepresented Students at Community Colleges
CBE life sciences education
ensuring patient informed consent key tenet modern medicine although transfusion blood products among common medical procedures performed hospitalized patients evidence informed consent transfusion times incomplete poorly understood hurried andor inaccurate study aimed develop narrative used framework practicing physicians educational purposes optimize process obtaining informed consent blood transfusion narrative developed using modified delphi approach 5 rounds included feedback transfusion medicine tm experts transfusionprovider physicians lay people surveys collected qualitative quantitative data analyzed using thematic content analysis descriptive statistics respectively results rounds 1 2 generated draft narrative rounds 3 5 informed modifications round 1 included draft narrative scripts 28 tm experts thematic coding generated 97 topics round 2 2228 initial experts rated items identified round 1 content validity index cvi 08 used authors develop narrative round 3 2024 participants round 2 reviewed narrative 100 agreeing items included 90 agreeing flow logical round 4 23 transfusion prescribers nontm physicians reviewed narrative flow manner length usability 83 agreement nonexclusion important topics 91 felt would effective teaching trainees round 5 included 24 nonmedical laypeople different demographics participants 92 thought script appropriate length opportunities ask questions participants could also identify adverse transfusion reactions understand could refuse transfusion narrative obtaining informed consent blood transfusion created multiple rigorous iterations review feedback transfusion providers lay public narrative developed specific clinical scenario wellreceived medical nonmedical participants used modified help ensure patients understand risks benefits blood transfusion