Ebtsam Aly Abou Hashish, Hend Alnajjar
Digital proficiency: assessing knowledge, attitudes, and skills in digital transformation, health literacy, and artificial intelligence among university nursing students
BMC medical education
although corticosteroids treatments idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss issnhl described understanding prognosis without intervention provides valuable information patient management objective study provide comprehensive quantitative statistical analysis natural history untreated idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss issnhl systematic review metaanalyses two independent searches pubmed scopus web science cochrane library databases june 30 2022 performed adults idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss received placebo untreated audiometric outcome measures study types reviewed data indicative natural history issnhl analyzed study characteristics related risk bias heterogeneity assessed via i2 random effects analyses performed six studies meeting inclusion criteria yielded 319 untreated patients whose natural history could assessed heterogeneity among studies moderate variety reported outcomes hearing improvement least 30 db hl observed 36 95 ci 028044 untreated patients least 10 db hl observed 70 95 ci 057082 untreated patients 3 months mean hearing gain among untreated patients 240 db hl 95 ci 2654537 23 months observed natural history issnhl suggests patients regain hearing without active treatment absence future studies collecting prospective natural history data untreated placebotreated issnhl patients data presented provide best available historical control data reconsideration results past issnhl studies well roadmap design interpretation future issnhl treatment clinical trials furthermore knowing statistically significant mean hearing gain 240 db hl untreatedplacebo group provides ethical basis future placebo study issnhl current status issnhl management calls multiinstitutional randomized doubleblind placebocontrolled trial validated outcome measures provide sciencebased treatment guidance laryngoscope 2024