François Perreault, Suzanne Christie, Daniel Lelli, Susan Humphrey-Murto
Current state of headache training within Canadian Neurology Residency program: a national survey
BMC medical education
objective aim study examine association parenting including parentchild interaction child maltreatment first grade 67 years old school refusal second 78 years old fourth 910 years old grades among elementary school children japan methods data adachi child health impact living difficulty achild longitudinal study conducted 2015 2016 2018 adachi city tokyo japan questionnaire distributed firstgrade school children n 5355 2015 total 4291 valid children response rate 801 3590 3070 children followed second fourth grades respectively caregivers responded questionnaire parentchild interaction child maltreatment including neglect physical abuse psychological abuse first grade school refusal second fourth grades conducted multiple imputation missing data multivariate logistic regression model used analysis adjusting child mental health first grade sociodemographic characteristics results prevalence school refusal 18 n 64 second grade 2 n 60 fourth grade found association parentchild interaction child maltreatment first grade school refusal second fourth grades respectively adjusting covariates conclusions parenting parentchild interaction child maltreatment may associated school refusal among elementary school children longitudinal research needed elucidate factors peer relationships school environment affect school refusal