Ylva Falk|Christina Lindqvist|Camilla Bardel
The role of L1 explicit metalinguistic knowledge in L3 oral production at the initial state
Stockholm University|Uppsala University|Stockholm University
study explore role explicit metalinguistic knowledge mlk first language l1 learning third language l3 compare oral production 40 participants varying degrees explicit mlk l1 exposed completely new l3 accordance second language l2 status factor motivated distinction implicit competence explicit knowledge bardel amp falk 2012 paradis 2009 hypothesize participants low explicit mlk l1 transfer l2 participants high explicit mlk l1 transfer l1 structure interest adjective placement l1 l3 participants l2s results show degree explicit mlk l1 plays decisive role initial state l3 learning