João Vasco Santos, Alicia Padron-Monedero, Boris Bikbov, Diana Alecsandra Grad, Dietrich Plass, Enkeleint A Mechili, Federica Gazzelloni, Florian Fischer, Gerhard Sulo, Che Henry Ngwa, Isabel Noguer-Zambrano, José L Peñalvo, Juanita A Haagsma, Katarzyna Kissimova-Skarbek, Lorenzo Monasta, Nermin Ghith, Rodrigo Sarmiento-Suarez, Rok Hrzic, Romana Haneef, Rónán O'Caoimh, Sarah Cuschieri, Stefania Mondello, Zubair Kabir, Alberto Freitas, Brecht Devleesschauwer
The state of health in the European Union (EU-27) in 2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease study 2019
BMC public health
longitudinal survey aims demonstrate improvement oral hygiene among group youth visual impairment vi achieved repeated oral hygiene training compare progress healthy peers cg assess oral health knowledge 100 vi 55 45 178 years 45 cg 23 22 172 years oral hygiene training quigleyhein plaque index qhi rating repeated six times threemonth intervals vi divided four subgroups according toothbrush hardnesstype questionnaire given groups appropriate statistical analyses performed 5 significance level groups showed reduction qhi vi overall higher qhi values cg use electric toothbrush vi led lower qhi last examination p 003 69 participants recommended dental specialists improve communications acquiring illustrative aids vi changed toothbrush less often p 002 higher incidence dental plaque confirmed vi compared cg education individual training gradual plaque reduction occurred groups using electric toothbrush vi resulted better qhi outcomes repetitive preventive intervention youth vi helped adopt healthier oral hygiene habits