Mahadi Bashir, Twfiq A Alghamdi, Ayman M Alzahrani, Mohammed Ahmed A Alghamdi, Shoog K Aloleeit, Zainab AlHajji, Essa S Alsultan, Nour H Aljamaan, Liyan K Abu Rukbah
Evaluation of Allergic Conjunctivitis Prevalence and Attitude Toward Prevention and Control in Saudi Arabia
Cureus
dementia long prodromal stage various pathophysiological manifestations however progression prediagnostic changes remains unclear aimed determine evolutional trajectories multipledomain clinical assessments health conditions 15 years diagnosis dementia data extracted ukbiobank longitudinal cohort recruited 500000 participants march 2006 october 2010 demented subject matched 10 healthy controls performed logistic regressions 400 predictors covering comprehensive range clinical assessments health conditions evolutional trajectories quantified using adjusted odds ratios ors fdrcorrected pvalues consecutive timeframes preceding diagnosis dementia median followup 137 interquartile range iqr 129142 years july 2022 7620 subjects diagnosed dementia general upon approaching diagnosis demented subjects witnessed worse functional assessments higher prevalence health conditions associations 15 years preceding diagnosis comprised declined physical strength hand grip strength 065 063067 lung dysfunction peak expiratory flow 078 076081 kidney dysfunction cystatin c 113 111116 comorbidities coronary heart disease 178 167191 stroke 234 21137 diabetes 203 189218 series mental disorders cognitive functions multiple tests also demonstrate decline decade diagnosis inadequate activity 35 year overall time activity 082 073092 drowsiness 35 year sleep duration 113 104124 weight loss 05 year weight 09 083098 exhibited associations within five years diagnosis addition serum biomarkers enriched endocrine dysregulations ketones deficiency brandchain amino acids polyunsaturated fatty acids found similar prodromal time window witnessed last presymptomatic conditions diagnosis findings present comprehensive temporaldiagnostic landscape preceding incident dementia could improve selection preventive early diseasemodifying treatment trials