P Lusk, T Ark, R Crowe, V Monson, L Altshuler, V Harnik, L Buckvar-Keltz, M Poag, P Belluomini, A Kalet
Measuring the development of a medical professional identity through medical school
Medical teacher
kazakhstan country 19 million residents 100000 patients need palliative care since least one family member usually involved care terminal patient 200000 people would benefit highquality palliative care services country however 45 physicians 101 nurses attending 1925 palliative beds kazakhstan seeks develop palliative services meet national needs resourcelimited settings international standards objectives study explore challenges faced stakeholders involved palliative care kazakhstan subsequently provide recommendations guide policymakers towards developing palliative care services country crosssectional descriptive study collected narrative data indepth interviews n 29 palliative stakeholders family caregivers n 12 healthcare professionals 12 administrators n 5 across five regions kazakhstan verbatim transcripts interviews analyzed using content analysis identify needs challenges stakeholders involved palliative care analysis identified seven main challenges palliative care stakeholders high outofpocket expenditures lack mobile palliative care services homebased care severe shortages opioids prevent pain suffering poor formal palliative care education absence practical skills training family caregivers lack awareness palliative care society lack state support implementation national palliative care strategies policies require largescale coordinated involvement stakeholders recommendations based idea coordinated targeted tailored stakeholder engagement preferred onesizefitsall strategy