Xiao Zhou, Kazuhiro Imai, Xiao-Xuan Liu, Eiji Watanabe
Epidemiology and pain in elementary school-aged players: a survey of Japanese badminton players participating in the national tournament
Scientific reports
widespread presence diabetic peripheral neuropathy dn related variables among diagnosed diabetes mellitus dm patients kerala lacks sufficient evidence objective study evaluate frequency dn related risk variables among dm receiving care tertiary health institution kerala study conducted tertiary health center kerala using crosssectional design diagnosis diabetes established assessing glycated hemoglobin a1c hba1c level fasting blood glucose fbg level validated survey questionnaire employed gather demographic data well medical history dm associated ailments thorough physical examination bmi blood pressure recorded dermatological musculoskeletal neurological vascular assessments conducted subjects assessed neuropathy using neuropathy disability score nds consequently met criteria dm classified two groups neuropathy without neuropathy research participants underwent laboratory examinations blood lipid profiles hba1c vitamin b12 complex concentrations study included 200 dm patients 120 men 80 women study participants 4070 years old median age 53 prevalence dn significantly increased age p0001 longer patient dm higher prevalence dn variance percentage statistically significant p0009 odds ratio 9246 statistically significant 81 405 participants graduated compared 119 595 higher secondary education less 2042 p 0014 approximately 107 535 individuals earned income two lakhs disparity deemed statistically significant p 0003 2357 group individuals studied 53 265 experienced decrease pressure sensation 47 235 decrease absence vibration perception 48 24 absence decreased pinprick response 46 23 absent ankle reflex study found commonly reported symptoms tingling n 44 22 numbness n 42 21 burning n 37 185 pricking n 29 145 pain n 27 135 strong association found dn glycemic status namely fbg levels exceeding 140 mgdl 4511 p 0001 hba1c levels exceeding 65 387 p 0001 prevalence abnormal vitamin b12 levels individuals dn 63 p 019 indicating finding statistically significant within group individuals dn studied 22 exhibited mild neuropathy 34 displayed moderate neuropathy 44 severe neuropathy dn individuals significantly reduced ankle dorsiflexion cases severe nds scores compared mild moderate nds scores p 0009 binary logistic regression analysis shown duration dm 173 p 0038 fbg levels 287 p 0018 determined predictors dn findings study reveal duration diabetes age literacy level income hba1c fbg substantially related higher likelihood dn among diabetic patients