Alison Schirmer Lockman|Barbara R. Schirmer
Online Instruction in Higher Education: Promising, Research-based, and Evidence-based Practices
Walden University|Walden University
purpose study review research literature online learning identify effective instructional practices narrowed scope empirical studies published 20132019 given studies earlier 2013 become quickly outdated changes online pedagogies technologies also limited search studies undergraduate graduate students application empirical methodological design descriptions methodology data analysis results sufficient detail assure verifiability data collection analysis analysis patterns trends corpus 104 research studies led identification five themes course design factors student support faculty pedagogy student engagement student success factors strategies promising effectiveness online environment ones considered effective facetoface classrooms including use multiple pedagogies learning resources address different student learning needs high instructor presence quality facultystudent interaction academic support outside class promotion classroom cohesion trust unique online environment userfriendly technology tools orientation online instruction opportunities synchronous class sessions incorporation social media given studies utilizing methodological designs claims causality made metaanalyses could conducted identified faculty feedback evidencebased practice specific intervention could identify researchbased online instruction