Alan R. Tait|Terri Voepel?Lewis|Brian J. Zikmund?Fisher|Angela Fagerlin
The Effect of Format on Parents' Understanding of the Risks and Benefits of Clinical Research: A Comparison Between Text, Tables, and Graphics
University of Michigan–Ann Arbor|Michigan Medicine|University of Michigan–Ann Arbor|Michigan Medicine|University of Michigan–Ann Arbor|Health Services Research & Development|Decision Sciences (United States)|University of Michigan–Ann Arbor|Health Services Research & Development|Decision Sciences (United States)
paucity information regarding optimal method presenting riskbenefit information parents pediatric research subjects study therefore designed examine effect different message formats parents understanding research risks benefits internetadministered survey completed 4685 parents randomized receive riskbenefit information study pediatric postoperative pain control presented different message formats text tables pictographs survey questions assessed participants gist verbatim understanding information perceptions risks benefits pictographs associated significantly p 05 greater likelihood adequate gist verbatim understanding compared text tables regardless participants numeracy parents received information pictograph format perceived risks lower benefits higher compared formats p 001 furthermore compared text tables pictographs perceived effective helpful trustworthy presenting riskbenefit information results underscore difficulties associated presenting riskbenefit information clinical research suggest simple method enhancing parents informed understanding relevant statistics