Olli Paakkari|Minna Torppa|Zuzana Boberová|Raili Välimaa|Günter W. Maier|James E. Mazur|Lasse Kannas|Leena Paakkari
The cross-national measurement invariance of the health literacy for school-aged children (HLSAC) instrument
University of Jyväskylä|University of Jyväskylä|University of Pavol Jozef Šafárik|University of Jyväskylä|Ludwig Boltzmann Institut Health Promotion Research|University of Jyväskylä|University of Jyväskylä
health literacy hl important determinant health health behaviours need monitor hl levels among population groups therefore essential develop instruments assess hl childhood adolescence aim study examine crossnational measurement invariance instrument health literacy schoolaged children hlsac four european countries data collected via standardized selfadministered anonymous questionnaires within classrooms finland poland slovakia belgium total 1468 respondents aged 13 n 690 aged 15 n 778 hlsac instrument used measure subjective hl adolescents country multigroup confirmatory factor analysis applied test measurement invariance configural metric invariance established scalar invariance hold however instrument exhibited high internal consistency 085 showed adequate fit data moreover partial invariance allowed comparison mean values across countries question significant mean value differences countries agegroups hl mean values assessed via hlsac instrument compared across countries instrument utility largescale international hl studies adolescents