Sietse Wieringa, Eivind Engebretsen, Kristin Heggen, Trisha Greenhalgh
How Knowledge Is Constructed and Exchanged in Virtual Communities of Physicians: Qualitative Study of Mindlines Online
Journal of medical Internet research
introduction thirdhighest burden child mortality ranking third globally undervaccinated children pakistan contains 15 population age five accounts 50 mortality rate country every year almost three million children miss entire course readily available vaccines leaving vulnerable lifethreatening diseases expanded program immunization epi launched 1978 protect children vaccinepreventable childhood diseases main program routine immunization provided public however since inception within pakistan encountered many problems including lack parental awareness education low literacy rate socioeconomic disparities cultural religious beliefs made parents doubtful vaccinations term known vaccine hesitancy belief conspiracy theories also led reduced vaccination coverage pakistan methods crosssectional study conducted 300 parents children five chosen karachi pakistan convenience sampling technique data collected via 300 selfadministered researcher administered questionnaires associations evaluated using chisquare test level significance taken p 005 cramers v determine strength associations data analysis done using statistical package social sciences spss version 200 results strong associations found parental knowledge immunization vaccines willingness get children immunized associations greater significant parents higher level education compared lower however lack knowledge certain essential vaccines like pentavalent pneumococcal ipv important aspect consider also noted inability access free vaccines due firm beliefs also lack awareness facilities better beneficial program 223 parents said administering multiple vaccines time would harmful child 217 believed would cause disease supposed prevent however majority parents said would strongly recommend others get vaccinated study religions included investigated mostly encouraged vaccination relatives p value 0079 occupation monthly income little effect immunization regime young children conclusion impact higher levels education perceptions attitudes parents regarding immunization children noted consequently religion gender occupation monthly income affect parents perceptions regarding immunizations problem lies within knowledge understanding basic medical science easily communicable diseases oblivious consequences contracting lethal disease developed laidback attitude amongst parents hence awareness education parents regarding vaccinepreventable diseases healthcare system governing bodies lead higher successful immunization rate