Camelia E. Hostinar|Sarah A. Stellern|Catherine Schaefer|Stephanie M. Carlson|Megan R. Gunnar
Associations between early life adversity and executive function in children adopted internationally from orphanages
University of Minnesota|University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign|University of Minnesota|University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign|University of Minnesota|University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign|University of Minnesota|University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign|University of Minnesota|University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
executive function ef abilities increasingly recognized important protective factor children experiencing adversity promoting better stress emotion regulation well social academic adjustment provide evidence early life adversity associated significant reductions ef performance developmentally sensitive battery laboratory ef tasks measured cognitive flexibility working memory inhibitory control animal models also suggest early adversity negative impact development prefrontal cortexbased cognitive functions study report ef performance 1 adoption 25 4yold children experienced institutional care orphanages overseas compared group agematched nonadopted children knowledge youngest age soonest adoption reduced ef performance shown using laboratory measures population ef reductions performance significant beyond differences intelligence quotient within adopted sample current ef associated measures early deprivation controlling intelligence quotient less time spent birth family placement institution lower quality physicalsocial care institutions predicting poorer performance ef battery