Eric Kutscher, Arslaan Arshed, Richard E Greene, Mat Kladney
Exploring Anabolic Androgenic Steroid Use Among Cisgender Gay, Bisexual, and Queer Men
JAMA network open
background objectives multimorbid patients require intensive treatment diseases however little research given treatment adherence part management study aims determine prevalence characteristics chronic disease multimorbidity indonesia alongside treatment nonadherence materials methods conducted crosssectional study using fifth indonesian family life survey database among adult subjects aged 15 years multimorbidity descriptive multivariate analyses include sex age formal education ethnicity geographic residence demographic residence household size insurance ownership annual income current selfperceived health status missing active days smoking behavior body mass index results identified 3515 multimorbid patients constituting 308 prevalence across chronic disease patients hypertension found prevalent component multimorbidity 612 followed digestive diseases 445 arthritis 303 identified 364 subjects nonadherent chronic disease treatment characteristics associated nonadherence found good selfperception health aor 179 95 ci 154208 active smoking behavior aor 151 95 ci 114199 smoking behavior aor 144 95 ci 108190 missing seven activeproductive days less past month due poor health aor 136 95 ci 110168 insurance ownership aor 120 95 ci 104139 age 1565 years aor 125 95 ci 101155 income idr 40 million aor 123 95 ci 104146 household size 26 people aor 117 95 ci 101136 conclusions prevalence multimorbidity indonesia generally similar observed previous studies identified patient characteristics related nonadherence suggest patients nonadherence primarily dictated selfperception health treatment complexity longstanding issue nonadherence study indicated need consider creating patienttailored treatment programs clinical practice improve adherence considering individual patients characteristics