R E Nisbett, G T Fong, D R Lehman, P W Cheng
Teaching reasoning
Science (New York, N.Y.)
peripheral venous cannulation pivc one common needle procedures associated therapies pediatric patients causes pain anxiety children trace image coloring kidsbook tickb one artsbased interventions relieve pain anxiety none existing studies use tickb decrease childrens pain intensity anxiety levels picv study aimed investigate effectiveness trace image coloring kidsbook tickb decreasing childrens pain anxiety pivc parallel randomized doubleblind controlled trial used study children aged 612 years randomly allocated one two groups intervention control intervention group n 48 received tickb pivc compared intervention control group n 52 children parents observer nurse rated outcomes 12 min completion procedure patients groups similar age gender duration hospitalization injections mothers age education faces pain scalerevised fpsr childrens fear scale cfs visual analog scale vas used measure pain anxiety paired independent ttests used data analysis patients intervention group reported significantly reduced pain levels control group p 0001 reported children 308 vs 706 parents 308 vs 713 observer nurse 306 vs 713 respectively anxiety levels also significantly lower among patients intervention group control group p 0001 reported children 088 vs 317 parents 094 vs 319 observer nurse 085 vs 294 respectively tickb effective technique reducing childrens pain anxiety pivc tickb simple inexpensive effective technique nurses use decrease levels pain anxiety pediatric patients intravenous cannulation