Shaoyou Lu, Fei Long, Ping Lu, Bingli Lei, Zi'an Jiang, Guihua Liu, Jianqing Zhang, Shengtao Ma, Yingxin Yu
Benzophenone-UV filters in personal care products and urine of schoolchildren from Shenzhen, China: Exposure assessment and possible source
The Science of the total environment
vitrification isochoric constantvolume volumetrically confined conditions emerged intriguing new cryopreservation modality physical complexities process confound straightforward interpretation experimental results particular signature pressurebased ice detection used many isochoric techniques becomes paradoxical vitrification wherein emergence sharp increase pressure reliably indicates presence ice avoidance increase necessarily indicate absence phenomenon arises rich interplay thermochemical thermovolumetric effects isochoric systems muddies efforts confirm degree sample vitrified work seek aid interpretation isochoric vitrification experiments calculating thermodynamic limits maximum amount ice may form without detected pressure clarifying myriad physical processes play neglecting kinetic effects develop simplified thermodynamic model accounting thermal contraction cavity formation ice growth solute ripening glass formation evaluate range chamber materials solution compositions validate acutely limited data available results provide counterintuitive insights lowerconcentration solutions may contract less producing pressureundetectable ice growth example general phenomenological framework evaluate process vitrification isochoric systems anticipate model herein enable design future isochoric protocols minimized risk pressureundetectable ice formation provide thermodynamic foundation build increasingly rigorous multiphysics understanding isochoric vitrification