Shravan Prabhu
Monsoons are changing in India - here's how to climate-proof the economy
Nature
current evidence longterm natural history poststroke depression psd limited aim determine prevalence incidence duration recurrence rates depression 18years stroke assess differences onsettime depression severity data south london stroke register 19952019 n 6641 registration depression defined using hospital anxiety depression scale scores 7 depression 3months annually 18years stroke compared early 3months poststroke vs lateonset depression 1year initial mild hads scores 7 vs severe depression scores 10 3864 patients assessed depression timepoints followup male554 2141 median age 680 204 number ranging 2293 1year 145 18years stroke prevalence psd ranged 313 289338 415 336493 cumulative incidence depression 594 95 ci 578609 879 865892 occurred within 5years stroke patients incident psd 3months stroke 466 421512 recovered 1 year among recovered 667 580745 experienced recurrent depression 944 875982 recurrences occurred within 5years since recovery similar estimates observed patients psd 1year 343 279411 patients severe depression recovered next timepoint compared 567 505628 mild depression recurrence rate 1year recovery higher patients severe depression 529 351702 compared mild depression 235 141354 difference 294 76512 p 0003 longterm depressive status may established 5years postonset early lateonset depression presented similar natural history severe depression longer duration quicker recurrence mild depression estimates limited alive patients completing depression assessment tended less severe stroke excluded patients may underestimated generalizable stroke survivors national institute health care research nihr202339