Kirsi Talman, Henna Mäntylä, Maija Hupli, Miko Pasanen, Elina Haavisto
Nursing applicants' desire to work in nursing and related factors: a cross-sectional study
Contemporary nurse
detecting direction gaze orientation body teacher students essential estimate paying attention also provides vital clues understanding unconscious nonverbal behavior called honest signals since unconscious subtle patterns interaction people help reveal focus attention inside classroom provide important clues teaching practices students responses different conscious unconscious teaching strategies scanning nonverbal behavior classroom provide important feedback teacher order improve teaching practices type analysis usually requires sophisticated eyetracking equipment motion sensors multiple cameras however useful tool teachers daily practice alternative must found using smartphone smartphone instrument teacher always disposal nowadays considered truly ubiquitous study looks data group firstgrade classrooms show video recordings teachers smartphone used order estimate direction teacher students gaze well body orientation using output openpose software run machine learning ml algorithms train estimator recognize direction students gaze body orientation found level accuracy achieved comparable human observers watching frames videos mean square errors rmse predicted pitch yaw angles head body directions average 11 lower rmse human annotators however solution much faster avoids tedium manually makes possible design solutions give teacher feedback soon finish class