Michelle Dean, Ya-Chih Chang, Wendy Shih, Felice Orlich, Connie Kasari
Social engagement and loneliness in school-age autistic girls and boys
Women's health (London, England)
purpose study test childrens academic selfconcept family socioeconomic status family structure single parent vs two parent family academic achievement elementary school predictors childrens educational attainment level young adulthood within tenyear longitudinal designparticipants 254 girls 211 boys three cohorts students grades 3 4 5 ten elementary schoolsresults structural equation modeling revealed academic selfconcept predicted educational attainment level ten years later prior achievementmoreover pattern results invariant across cohortsin addition regression analyses based restricted sample n 243 indicated academic selfconcepteducational attainment level relation still significant controlling family ses family structure single parent vs two parent family academic achievementdiscussion focuses theoretical practical implications resultsacademic selfconcept evaluative selfperception formed experience interpretation ones school environment marsh craven 1997shavelson hubner stanton 1976academic selfconcept extensively studied relation academic achievementmarsh yeung 1997 reviewed literature relationship concluded despite methodological limitations wide variety different designs samples ages research consistent support reciprocal relation variables see also guay marsh boivin 2003from academic selfconcept literature also possible posit academic selfconcept influences educational attainment level marsh craven 1997however academic selfconcept academic achievement moderately correlated given educational attainment level related socioeconomic status ses bachman omalley 1986 family structure married vs divorced evans kelley wanner 2001 important question whether academic selfconcept could predict educational attainment level academic achievement family ses family structureare young children high academic selfconcept able attain high level education regardless academic achievement family ses structurethe purpose present study verify question using tenyear longitudinal designthis study contributes existing literature three important respectsfirst predicting educational attainment level important topic recent studies reported occupations high literacy cognitive skills registered strongest increase employment