Michel Sebastiaan Smit, Hein Raat, Famke Mölenberg, Mireille Eleonore Gabriëlle Wolfers, Rienke Bannink, Wilma Jansen
Study protocol for the evaluation of long-term effects of the school-based obesity prevention program Lekker Fit! ('enjoy being fit'): a retrospective, controlled design
BMJ open
previous studies involving exilliterate young readers alphabetic scripts shown processing nonverbal visual stimuli may affected literacy attributable intensive perceptual training reading acquisition study examined whether characteristics ones native writing system respect visual complexity overall shape orthographic unit would influence processing pictured objects using eventrelated potential erp linear mixedeffects modeling kanji hangul constitute interesting contrast differ visual complexity similar orthographic shape neural responses pictures analyzed n170 n400 reflecting ease recognition access semantic representation respectively trilingual speakers japanese korean l1 learned read chinese english nonnative languages well native chinese native english readers participated repetition detection task mixed blocks pictures words chinese english presented overall results showed bilaterally distributed n170 n400 group differences n400 confined anterior region importantly japanese readers exhibited negative n170 less negative n400 korean participants regardless language context present findings provided insights possible impact reading acquisition nonlinguistic visual processing suggest ones early experience visually complex orthography positive transfer processing line drawings terms efficient visual recognition semantic access