Peter J. Fensham|Alberto Bellocchi
Higher order thinking in chemistry curriculum and its assessment
Queensland University of Technology|Queensland University of Technology
higherorder thinking featured persistently reform agenda science education intended curriculum various countries sets aspirational statements levels higherorder thinking attained students study reports extent chemistry examinations four australian states align facilitate intended higherorder thinking skills stipulated curriculum documents content analysis curriculum goals identified state compared nature question items corresponding examinations categories higherorder thinking adapted oecds pisa science test analyze question items considerable variation extent examinations states supported curriculum intent developing assessing higherorder thinking generally examinations used marksbased system tended emphasize lowerorder thinking greater distribution marks allocated lowerorder thinking questions examinations associated criterionreferenced examination tended award greater credit higherorder thinking questions level complexity chemistry another factor limited extent examination questions supported higherorder thinking implications findings drawn authorities responsible designing curriculum assessment procedures teachers