Patricia L East, Brie Reid, Estela Blanco, Raquel Burrows, Betsy Lozoff, Sheila Gahagan
Iron supplementation given to nonanemic infants: neurocognitive functioning at 16 years
Nutritional neuroscience
inferential reasoning exclusion allows responding adaptively various environmental stimuli confronted inconsistent partial information experimental context mechanism involves selecting correctly empty option potentially rewarded one recently increasing reports capacity phylogenetically distant species led assumption reasoning exclusion result convergent evolution within one largely unstudied avian order ie charadriiformes brown skuas catharacta antarctica ssp lonnbergi highly flexible opportunistic predators behavioural flexibility along specific aspects skuas feeding ecology may act influencing factors ability show exclusion performance study aims test whether skuas able choose exclusion visual twoway objectchoice task twentysix wild birds presented two opaque cups one covering food reward three conditions used full information showing content cups exclusion showing content empty cup control showing content skuas preferentially selected rewarded cup full information exclusion condition use olfactory cues excluded results control condition study opens new field investigations testing cognition predatory seabird