Matthias Krinninger, Florian Kraushofer, Nils B Refvik, Monika Blum, Barbara A J Lechner
Interface Effects in the Stability of 2D Silica, Silicide, and Silicene on Pt(111) and Rh(111)
ACS applied materials & interfaces
farmers vulnerable adverse health effects pesticide exposure due health literacy hl therefore study aims investigate hl among farmers four main regions thailand investigating sociodemographics agricultural personal protective factors hl crosssectional design study conducted 4035 farmers january july 2023 european health literacy survey questionnaire47 items used measure hl thai farmers mean hl score 347 87 farmers north region thailand highest frequency limited hl 758 sociodemographic factors associated hl included gender region living marital status education level comorbidity number family members agricultural factors associated hl included planting status working hours farm spraying pesticides harvesting crops pesticide use 1 type access information government officers access information postersbrochures information online multimedia access information neighbors personal protective factors associated hl included wearing hat goggles rubber apron longsleeved shirt study recommends strategies interventions enhance hl farmers focused target populations include men widows divorced low levels education comorbidities applied pesticides 1 type improper personal protective equipment ppe use primary emphasis needs north region thailand making target area improve health equity thailand efforts would enhance hl farmers sustainably improve pesticide safety behavior additionally urgent need supportive measures aimed altering onfarm practices promoting education alternative pest management strategies particularly nonchemical crop protection ensure sustainable agriculture