Jantip Janpeang, Chatmongkon Suwannapoom, Natnaree Anukunwathaka
Nutritional status and related factors among ethnic preschool children in Northern Thailand: a cross-sectional study
Child health nursing research
uk schools long history using reasoning tests frequently verbal reasoning vr nonverbal reasoning nvr lesser extent quantitative reasoning qr results used identifying students learning needs grouping students identifying underachievement providing indicators future academic performance despite widespread use little empirical data longterm consistency vr qr nvr discrete abilities evaluate compare consistency vr qr nvr scores 3year period explore influence secondary school pupils progress tests data collected longitudinal sample 10000 pupils completed cognitive abilities test second edition year 6 age 10 year 9 age 13 gcse public examinations year 11 age 15 correlation coefficients change scores individual pupils calculated multilevel modelling used determine school effects reasoning scores gcse public examination results results reveal high correlations scores time ranging 87 vr 76 nvr also show around onesixth pupils vr test onefifth pupils qr nvr tests change scores 10 standard score points schools account small part total variation reasoning score although account much greater proportion variation measures attainment gcse school effects pupils progress reasoning tests age 10 age 13 relatively modest reasoning tests make excellent baseline assessments secondary schools practical policy implications schools discussed