Jan N Hughes, Qian Cao, Stephen G West, Paula Allee Smith, Carissa Cerda
Effect of retention in elementary grades on dropping out of school early
Journal of school psychology
investigate educational outcomes siblings childhood leukemia survivors explore determinants school difficulties compare rates repeating grades siblings general population crosssectional study childhood leukemia survivors siblings recruited leucmies de lenfant et de ladolescent cohort french longterm followup program conducted educationrelated data obtained via selfreport questionnaires adjusted logistic regression models used identify variables associated school difficulties time since diagnosis rates repeating grade middle school compared siblings general population generation total 564 siblings mean time diagnosis 141 64 years included among 139 246 repeated grade average 64 45 years diagnosis multivariate analysis risk factors repeating grade older siblings odds ratio 23 p 0006 family financial difficulties 28 p 0008 history repetition survivors 25 p 0001 sibling hematopoietic stem cell donors greater risk repeating grade longterm diagnosis p 0018 overall siblings higher risk educational delays end middle school general population although results reassuring socioeconomic cancerrelated factors may impact siblings schooling long diagnosis paying attention siblings contributes identifying vulnerable families allowing attention appropriate resources avoid longterm repercussions additionally supportive targeted interventions developed improve organization education health care system