Angela Frederick, Angelica Monarrez, Danielle X Morales, Heather A Daniels, Sara E Grineski, Timothy W Collins
"Your Family is Always With You": Perceptions of Parental Relationships Among Hispanic/Latinx Young Adults Pursuing STEM Careers
CBE life sciences education
effectively teaching scientific reasoning requires understanding challenges students face learning skills designed assessment measures undergraduate student abilities form hypotheses design experiments interpret data experiments cellular molecular biology assessment uses intermediateconstraint freeresponse questions defined rubric facilitate use large classes identifying common reasoning errors may prevent students becoming proficient designing interpreting experiments assessment measured statistically significant improvement seniorlevel biochemistry laboratory course larger improvement biochemistry lab students separate cohort firstyear introductory biology lab course two common errors identified forming hypotheses using experimental controls students frequently constructed hypothesis restatement observation supposed explain also often made comparisons control conditions included experiment errors frequent among firstyear students decreased frequency students completed seniorlevel biochemistry lab investigation absent controls error indicated difficulties reasoning experimental controls may widespread undergraduate students assessment useful instrument measuring improvement scientific reasoning different levels instruction identified errors targeted improve instruction process science