Gabriel Domínguez-Martín, Pedro J Tárraga-López, José Francisco López-Gil
Exploring the link between perceived physical literacy and academic performance outcomes: insights from the EHDLA study
Frontiers in sports and active living
attention deficithyperactivity disorder adhd constitutes neurobehavioral disorder may potentially adversely affect childrens wellbeing academic achievement onset symptoms present prior 12 years age often symptoms evident preschool years fact suggested screening adhd symptoms may initiated early four years age preschool children adhd shown present poor preacademic skills might increased risk numerous schoolrelated problems including functional impairment elementary school years persistent poor academic performance thereafter although preschool years characterized rapid cognitive growth preschoolers adhd may present poorer cognitive neuropsychological functioning due early onset adhd symptoms exploring cognitive correlates condition among preschool children thought notable importance aim present study evaluate association adhd symptoms cognitive skills among preschool children crosssectional study conducted among nationwide random sample 4480 preschool children adhd symptoms assessed though interviews parents teachers based dsmivtr criteria cognitive skills assessed standardized school readiness test test among participants occurrence adhd symptoms 46 boysgirls 341 presence adhd symptoms among children inversely associated nonverbal verbal cognitive skills specifically abstract thinking aor 197 95 ci 130300 language 236 155359 critical reasoning 258 184362 visual perception 242 138 424 visual motor skills 261 191355 children adhd symptoms five times likely compromised organizational skills 492 304797 abstract thinking least affected domain particularly among boys organizational skills affected domain sexes possibly among girls concluding present study confirms even preschool years children adhd symptoms likely present concomitant cognitive difficulties thus screening presence adhd well cognitive affective screenings among preschool aged children may facilitate early detection determent development cognitive difficulties subsequently early intervention fostering skills amenable change organizational skills planning result study findings reveal necessity evaluation preacademic skills among preschool children adhd symptoms order mitigate unfavorable academic functioning