Jill M. Etmanskie|Marita Partanen|Linda S. Siegel
A Longitudinal Examination of the Persistence of Late Emerging Reading Disabilities
University of British Columbia|University of British Columbia|University of British Columbia
children encounter unexpected reading difficulties fourth grade phenomenon described late emerging reading disabilities lerd using grade 4 starting point study examined reading development 964 children kindergarten grade 7 results showed 720 children typical reading performance grade 4 whereas 07 poor word reading 126 poor reading comprehension 25 poor word reading comprehension 122 borderline performance also showed similar proportions children early versus late emerging reading difficulties however late emerging poor readers recovered grade 7 furthermore study showed poor comprehenders showed poorer performance typical readers word reading pseudoword decoding spelling grade 1 grade 7 poorer performance working memory task kindergarten overall study showed children recover late emerging reading problems working memory may early indicator reading comprehension difficulties