Giorgina Brown|John Micklewright|Sylke V. Schnepf|Robert Waldmann
International Surveys of Educational Achievement: How Robust are the Findings?
National Institute of Statistics|University of Southampton|University of Southampton|University of Rome Tor Vergata
summary international surveys educational achievement functional literacy increasingly common consider two aspects robustness results first compare results four surveys trends international maths science study programme international student assessment progress international reading literacy study international adult literacy survey contrasts standard approach analyse one survey isolation second investigate whether results sensitive choice item response model used survey organizers aggregate respondents answers single score cases focus countries average scores withincountry differences scores association two