G Dournes, I Bricault, J-F Chateil
Analysis of the French national evaluation of radiology residents
Diagnostic and interventional imaging
many simultaneous bilinguals exhibit loss incomplete acquisition heritage language conditions exposure use majority language silvacorvaln 1994 2003 polinsky 1997 toribio 2001 montrul 2002 recent work within discoursefunctional silvacorvaln 1994 generative perspectives sorace 2000 montrul 2002 tsimpli sorace heycock filaci bouba 2003 press suggests syntax proper impervious language loss attrition syntaxrelated interfaces like lexicalsemantics discoursepragmatics study investigates argument expression adult simultaneous bilinguals heritage speakers spanish language subjects direct indirect objects regulated syntactic pragmatic semantic factors hypothesized language loss affects interface areas competence purely syntactic domains spanish heritage speakers display robust knowledge null subjects well object clitics variable behavior pragmatic distribution null vs overt subjects preposition animate direct objects cases semantically based dative cliticdoubling results oral production task administered 24 intermediate advanced heritage speakers 20 monolinguals confirmed hypotheses erosion pragmatic semantic features grammars intermediate proficiency spanish heritage speakers appear display morphosyntactic convergence english expression subject object arguments