Maryam Kazemi, Mina Bazyar, Mohammad Mehdi Naghizadeh, Azizallah Dehghan, Massih Sedigh Rahimabadi, Mahsa Rostami Chijan, Mostafa Bijani, Maryam Zahmatkeshan, Alireza Ghaemi, Nastaran Samimi, Reza Homayounfar, Mojtaba Farjam
Lipid profile dysregulation in opium users based on Fasa PERSIAN cohort study results
Scientific reports
abstract objective examine evidence whether relationship undernutrition poor child development causal design selected studies developing countries discussed observational studies first considered experimental studies preventative remedial supplementation type functions affected presence sensitive periods role protein energy versus micronutrients reviewed results childhood undernutrition generally associated concurrent longer term deficits cognition behaviour motor skills although relationship likely confounded socioeconomic factors supplementation trials many design problems however beginning age pregnancy 24 months consistently concurrent benefits suggesting causal relationship supplement begun older children little effect albeit studies conclude confidence limited evidence suggests benefits likely sustained supplementation begins late pregnancy birth continued child least 24 months old deficits cognition tend global insufficient evidence specific deficits evidence first 2 years life sensitive effects undernutrition studies failed separate effects energy protein micronutrients one study showed energy andor protein affects childrens development psychosocial stimulation consistent benefits undernourished childrens development conclusions public health nutrition programmes include component children risk targeted first 2 years life combined interventions involving nutrition health care early stimulation