Ivan Surya Pradipta, Kevin Aprilio, Yozi Fiedya Ningsih, Mochammad Andhika Aji Pratama, Sofa Dewi Alfian, Rizky Abdulah
Treatment Nonadherence among Multimorbid Chronic Disease Patients: Evidence from 3515 Subjects in Indonesia
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)
background although prevalence conventional tobacco product use among us college students declined increasing number students use various novel tobacco products objectives study aims examine uptodate sex racialethnic patterns tobacco use among students us university 20212023 methods data 2732 students urban university southeast us collected 20212023 part national college health assessment american college health association selfreported past 3month use five tobacco products cigarette electronic vapor products water pipehookah smokeless tobacco cigars dichotomized conducted multinomial logistic regression analysis examine sex male female racialethnic nonhispanic white nonhispanic black hispanic nonhispanic differences single dualpoly concurrent use two tobacco products tobacco use compared nonuse adjusting age student status parent education level obese status psychological distress level survey year results male students higher odds dualpoly tobacco user female students adjusting covariates adjusted odds ratio aor 200 95 confidence interval ci 142 282 nonhispanic black students lower odds single aor 043 95 ci 026 069 dualpoly aor 009 95 ci 002 037 tobacco user compared nonhispanic white students adjusting covariates conclusions considering higher health risk concurrent use multiple tobacco products dualpoly tobacco use prevention strategies targeting male nonhispanic white students may considered