Mulat Tirfie Bayih, Melesse Belayneh, Wasihun Mekonen
Infant and young child feeding practice among mothers-child pair in irrigated and non-irrigated areas of Dangila district, Northwest Ethiopia, 2020: a community based comparative cross-sectional study
BMC pediatrics
background comprehension food labels important patients including chronic illness help follow dietary recommendations patient comprehension food labels examined along relationship comprehension underlying literacy numeracy skills methods june 2004 april 2005 crosssectional study 200 primary care patients performed 24item measure food label comprehension administered literacy measured rapid estimate adult literacy medicine realm numeracy wide range achievement test third edition wrat3 results patients 89 reported using food labels 75 patients reported least high school education 77 9thgrade literacy skills 37 9thgrade math skills average patients answered 69 standard deviation 21 foodlabel questions correctly common reasons incorrect responses included misapplication serving size confusion due extraneous material food label incorrect calculations example 37 patients could calculate number carbohydrates consumed 20ounce bottle soda contained 25 servings higher comprehension food labels significantly correlated p values less 0001 higher income rho039 education rho049 literacy rho052 numeracy rho067 conclusions patients demonstrated deficits understanding nutrition labels poor label comprehension highly correlated lowlevel literacy numeracy skills even patients higher literacy could difficulties interpreting labels providers need consider patients literacy numeracy providing dietary recommendations opportunities may exist us food drug administration promote changes make food labels comprehensible comprehension food labels important patients including chronic illness help follow dietary recommendations patient comprehension food labels examined along relationship comprehension underlying literacy numeracy skills june 2004 april 2005 crosssectional study 200 primary care patients performed 24item measure food label comprehension administered literacy measured rapid estimate adult literacy medicine realm numeracy wide range achievement test third edition wrat3 patients 89 reported using food labels 75 patients reported least high school education 77 9thgrade literacy skills 37 9thgrade math skills average patients answered 69 standard deviation 21 foodlabel questions correctly common reasons incorrect responses included misapplication serving size confusion due extraneous material food label incorrect calculations example 37 patients could calculate number carbohydrates consumed 20ounce bottle soda contained 25 servings higher comprehension food labels significantly correlated p values less 0001 higher income rho039 education rho049 literacy rho052 numeracy rho067 patients demonstrated deficits understanding nutrition labels poor label comprehension highly correlated lowlevel literacy numeracy skills even patients higher literacy could difficulties interpreting labels providers need consider patients literacy numeracy providing dietary recommendations opportunities may exist us food drug administration promote changes make food labels comprehensible