Hannah Kuper, Sara Rotenberg, Luthfi Azizatunnisa', Lena Morgon Banks, Tracey Smythe
The association between disability and mortality: a mixed-methods study
The Lancet. Public health
objectives study examine characteristics peak concentrations including frequency duration relative magnitude estimate contributions overall daily exposure bc activity microenvironment assessed daily personal exposures august 2015 january 2016 752 weekdays 248 weekend days 641 school days 359 holidays among forty 1012 years old children living seoul metropolitan area children equipped microaethalometer bc monitor recorded timeactivity diary preadministrated questionnaires followup interviews also provided information childrens timeactivity patterns owing absence generally accepted threshold peaks alternatively defined bc concentrations higher twa 95th percentile 99th percentile peak concentrations made substantial contributions total daily exposure bc peaks twa 60 peaks 95thpercentile 19 peaks 99thpercentile 6 average peak levels higher twa 95th percentile differed significantly activity transportation cooking led frequent peak occurrences disproportionately contributed daily integrated exposure relative time spent activities walking characterized occasional brief highmagnitude peaks exceeding 99th percentile produced intense potential dose 009 daily time spent walking accounted 16 daily potential dose might attributed encounters high emissions sources passingidling vehicles environmental tobacco smoke trips diesel vehicle produced frequently occurring longduration peaks 95th percentile contributed 2 total daily exposure corresponding time 03 charbroiling meat incurred sustained peaks intense trips diesel vehicles peaks commuting showed relatively high exposure intensity weekdays possibly increased surrounding traffic volume days cooking accounted elevated residential contribution daily integrated exposure