Sarah Moreland Russell, Jason Jabbari, Louise Farah Saliba, Dan Ferris, Eliot Jost, Tyler Frank, Yung Chun
Implementation of Flexibilities to the National School Lunch and Breakfast Programs and Their Impact on Schools in Missouri
Nutrients
early numeracy skills associated academic lifelong outcomes children lowincome backgrounds typically poorer maths outcomes learning already disadvantaged begin formal schooling understanding relationship skills support acquisition early maths skills could scaffold maths learning improve life chances present study aimed examine ability children different ses backgrounds map symbolic arabic numerals nonsymbolic dot arrays two difficulty ratios related math performance participants 398 children first year formal schooling mean age 60 months 75 low ses backgrounds children completed symbolic nonsymbolic nonsymbolic symbolic mapping tasks two difficulty ratios 12 23 plus standardized maths tasks results showed children performed better symbolic nonsymbolic mapping ratio 12 mapping task performance significantly related maths task achievement lowses children showed significantly lower performance tasks results suggest mapping tasks could useful way identify children risk low maths attainment