Rata Rokhshad, Seied Omid Keyhan, Parisa Yousefi
Artificial intelligence applications and ethical challenges in oral and maxillo-facial cosmetic surgery: a narrative review
Maxillofacial plastic and reconstructive surgery
brief pain inventory bpi cleeland associates used primarily assess patients cancerrelated pain although validated many languages widely used yet research published validate use patients chronic nonmalignant pain primary presenting problem study designed fill gap examining psychometric properties bpi 440 patients chronic intractable pain referred chronic pain clinic metropolitan tertiarycare teaching hospital results indicated acceptable internal consistency cronbach alpha coefficients were85 intensity items and88 interference items factor analysis resulted 2 distinct independent factors supporting validity 2factor structure bpi zeroorder correlations indicated association measure disability rolandmorris disability questionnaire rmdq significantly higher bpi interference r 057 bpi intensity r 040 571 p 01 correlation bpi interference 080 supporting conclusion scales assess related also distinct dimensions finally finding bpi scales showed statistically significant improvement treatment confirms responsivity bpi detecting reflecting improvement pain timethis paper validated psychometric properties pain assessment instrument brief pain inventory originally developed assess cancer pain extended use chronic nonmalignant pain population provides important widely used diagnostic tool clinician treating chronic pain