Niall McInerney, D Nally, M F Khan, H Heneghan, R A Cahill
Performance effects of simulation training for medical students - a systematic review
GMS journal for medical education
online education become increasingly popular research effectiveness different teaching models developing cognitive skills limited study investigated relationship different teaching models online offline development cognitive skills clinical medicine students survey data collected 2018 entry students participated online teaching 2019 entry students offline teaching xiangya school medicine central south university national quality open courses nqroc provided groups students study examined total score physiology final exam score type question nqroc learning engagement different score segments two teaching models nonparametric statistical methods utilized analyze total score physiology final exam score type question nqroc learning engagement spearmans rank correlation utilized analyze relationship score physiology final exam students nqroc learning engagement study found statistically significant difference total score shortanswer questions saqs score case study questions csqs score online offline teaching models however multiplechoice questions mcqs score higher online teaching model z4249 p 0001 suggesting online teaching may effective way improve lowerorder cognitive skills among students contrast lowachieving students higher total scores z3223 p 0001 scores mcqs z6263 p 0001 csqs z6877 p 0001 online teaching model highachieving students online teaching model higher total scores z3001 p 0003 mcqs scores z5706 p 0001 lower scores csqs z2775 p 0006 furthermore students nqroc learning engagement greater online teaching model results study suggested online teaching statistically significantly different offline cognitive domains desirable offline strengthening lowerorder cognitive skills however important note offline teaching may effective reinforcing higherorder cognitive skills among highachieving students conclusion study provided important insights effectiveness different teaching models developing cognitive skills among medical students highlighted potential benefits online teaching enhancing students lowerorder cognitive skills