Serap Benligiray, Abdullah Y Güngör, İlkay Akbaş
Measuring remote working skills: Scale development and validation study
PloS one
little known morphogenetic changes umbilical cord maturation process extracellular matrix remodeling angiogenesis progenitor activity immunomodulation represented specific markers therefore aim study determine expression matrix metalloproteinase2 mmp2 tissue inhibitor metalloproteinases2 timp2 cd34 vascular endothelial growth factor vegf human defensin 2 hbd2 preterm fullterm human umbilical cord tissue samples umbilical cord tissue obtained 17 patients divided two groups preterm moderate preterm birth umbilical cords late preterm birth fullterm birth umbilical cords routine histology examination conducted markerpositive cells detected using immunohistochemistry method number positive structures counted semiquantitatively using microscopy statistical analysis carried using spss statistics 29 program extraembryonic mesenchyme cells active cell producers expressing mmp2 timp2 vegf hbd2 notable levels preterm fullterm umbilical cord tissue statistically significant differences expression cd34 mmp2 timp2 two patient groups found expression vegf similar patient groups highest number vegfpositive cells seen extraembryonic mesenchyme expression hbd2 highest extraembryonic mesenchyme amniotic epithelium mostly moderate numbers hbd2positive cells detected extracellular matrix remodeling preterm term umbilical cords strongly regulated tissue factors mmp2 timp2 take part process expression vegf affected umbilical cords age however individual patient factors affect production vegf numerous cd34positive cells endothelium umbilical arteries suggest significant role progenitor cells preterm moderate preterm birth umbilical cords antimicrobial activity provided hbd2 essential constant preterm fullterm umbilical cords