John A Gómez, Joshua L Brown, Jason T Downer
High quality implementation of 4Rs + MTP increases classroom emotional support and reduces absenteeism
Frontiers in psychology
purpose study investigate psychometric properties child self efficacy scale learning peer interactions resisting pressure use drugs use elementary school drug prevention education program based social cognitive theory diverse cohort 392 4th 5th grade students completed 20item self efficacy scale social support social skills instruments results provide evidence valid reliable 3factor self efficacy scale subscale internal consistency reliability good excellent cronbachs alpha 075 083 091 construct validity supported correlations subscale social skills social support demographic data scale potential tool measure self efficacy children related learning peer interactions resisting peer pressure use drugs help shape drug education programs