Zhuowen Hao, Ying Wang, Linlong Wang, Qinyu Feng, Hanke Li, Tianhong Chen, Jiayao Chen, Junwu Wang, Guang Shi, Renxin Chen, Beihai Li, Shuanhu Zhou, Wei Jin, Jingfeng Li
Burden evaluation and prediction of osteoarthritis and site-specific osteoarthritis coupled with attributable risk factors in China from 1990 to 2030
Clinical rheumatology
pan american health organization committed training physicians leadership competencies since 2008 however four reviews teaching leadership using competencybased education undergraduate medical education ume identified two 35 ms canada usa previous reviews use systemic approach qualitative methodology explore factors influencing leadership education therefore review aims identify facilitating inhibiting factors teaching leadership ume using scoping review thematic analysis six databases containing grey indexed literature english spanish portuguese searched including hand search authors consultations fortyeight documents 7849 selected based eligibility criteria braun clarkes thematic analysis guide used identifying eight themes curriculum intended learning outcomes teaching methods assessment addressing barriers supporting organisational change building networks developing expertise considering themes authors propose critical route teaching leadership ume americas first institutional design consider governance gaps national international policies leadership training ume interprofessional transprofessional citizenfocused approaches pressing need provide leadership training physicians professionals government academia nongovernmental organisations hospitals national international organisations whose missions related health education networking opportunities stakeholders leadership education teacher training also essential second instructional design reveals knowledgedo gaps member states ms incorporating leadership medical curriculum includes using leadership frameworks defining learning outcomes employing assessment monitoring tools leadership education mechanisms reduce gaps ms include equator network evidenceinformed policy networks fostering knowledge translation governance