Solomon Asfaw|Dagmar Mithöfer|Hermann Waibel
What Impact Are EU Supermarket Standards Having on Developing Countries' Export of High-Value Horticultural Products? Evidence From Kenya
european union retailers setting global benchmarks production fresh food asking suppliers produce certified according food safety quality standards compliance standards developing countries smallscale producers entails costly investment variable inputs long term structures limited empirical evidence exists either refute confirm concern proliferation enhanced stringency standards marginalize smallholders global market paper therefore explores costs compliance factors explaining smallholder decision adopt eu private quality standards impacts standards farm financial performance develop 2stage standard treatment effect model account selfselection source endogeneity analysis based random cross section sample 439 smallscale export vegetable producers kenya whose production monitored 20052006 demonstrate adopters nonadopters distinguishable asset holding household wealth access services labor endowment level education control endogeneity problem find smallscale producers benefit substantially adopting standards farm level