Qiong Zhang, Shangrui Zhu, Sue C Grady, Anqi Wang, Hollis Hutchings, Jessica Cox, Andrew Popoff, Ikenna Okereke
Spatial and spatio-temporal clusters of lung cancer incidence by stage of disease in Michigan, United States 1985-2018
Geospatial health
birtchnell 1988 appeals accurate definition dependence accuracy would help measurement prevention treatment depression describes dependence developmental deficiency presupposes psychodynamic traitbased genderrelated development model acknowledge influence thinking birtchnells analysis three types problem reasoning may questioned faulty inferential leaps undue reliance concept maturity use tautology dependent person isdependent internal contradictions questionable analogy childrens adults behaviour secondly appears suggest empirical evidence support theoretical approach provide explicit evidence draws conclusions causal links neglects alternative interpretations especially transactional interpersonal element social relationships finally analysis potentially weakened may described androcentric bias relies upon medical model psychological disorder fails consider impact social influences expression emotion author argues present premature inappropriate define dependence appeals methods research would helpful understanding