Nobuyuki Kajiwara, Kazuyuki Hayashi, Makoto Fujiwara, Hirofumi Nakayama, Yoshikazu Ozaki
Identification of children with chronic kidney disease through school urinary screening using urinary protein/creatinine ratio measurement: an observational study
Clinical and experimental nephrology
respiratory syncytial virus rsv posed substantial morbidity mortality burden young children older adults globally coronavirus disease 2019 covid19 pandemic reported altered rsv epidemiology could important implications rsv prevention control strategies aimed compare rsv epidemiology different phases covid19 pandemic prepandemic period leveraging epidemiological molecular serological data collected prospective respiratory pathogen surveillance serology study study based data july 1 2015 november 30 2023 respiratory pathogen surveillance system rpss sentinelhospital based surveillance system acute respiratory infections consisting 35 hospitals represent residents ages 16 districts beijing china rsv infection status tested rtpcr gene sequencing phylogenetic analysis conducted among identified rsv strains supplemented rpss data three serology surveys conducted 20172023 tested rsv igg levels serum specimens rsv detection rate calculated calendar month compared across rsv seasons defined july 1 june 30 following year rsv igg positivity proportion calculated quarter year correlated quarterly aggregated rsv detection rate understanding relationship infection immunity population level overall total 52931 respiratory specimens collected tested study period rsv detection rates ranged 124 947594 20172018 season 280 2197824 20182019 season 106 555165 20222023 season 298 1474938 20212022 season prepandemic pandemic period respectively on1 ba9 remained predominant genotypes pandemic period novel rsv strains identified rsv circulation followed wintermonths seasonal pattern seasons one exception 20202021 season extensive yearround circulation observed possibly associated partial relaxation nonpharmaceutical interventions npis exception 20222023 season low rsv activity observed usual winter months possibly due concurrent local covid19 epidemic followed outofseason resurgence spring rsv detection persisting end study period november 2023 two seasons noted agegroup related asynchrony rsv detection rate rsv detection rate young children remained similar even increased borderline significance 43594 724 42556 755 vs 2925293 552 p 010 p 006 respectively compared prepandemic seasons whereas detection rate older adults decreased significantly 81779 045 32021 015 vs 16010348 155 p 0001 two comparisons results serology surveys showed significantly declined rsv igg positivity 20222023 season compared prepandemic seasons 932 29311 vs 2016 100496 p 0001 older adults significantly higher rsv igg positivity young children prepandemic pandemic periods p values 0001 study documented trajectory rsv detection along changes stringency npis measured igg positivity local covid19 epidemics findings suggest interplay contact patterns immunity dynamics sarscov2 infection shaping rsv epidemics population different ages findings provide novel insights potential drivers rsv circulating patterns important implications rsv prevention control strategies highqualified public health professionals development project capitals funds health improvement research public health personnel training support program