Cristina Lavareda Baixinho, Óscar Ramos Ferreira, Marcelo Medeiros, Ellen Synthia Fernandes de Oliveira
Participation of Nursing Students in Evidence-Based Practice Projects: Results of Two Focus Groups
International journal of environmental research and public health
describe approaches pain assessment cognitively intact cognitively impaired older adults cancer medline literature search personal reference collection clinical experience systematic comprehensive pain assessment cornerstone effective treatment strategies determining effect pain older adults ability function important rating pain intensity evidencebased recommendations exist guide practice undertreatment pain older adults persists despite plethora published guidelines addressing pain assessment management unrelieved pain affects recovery illness aspects life systematic ongoing assessment elementary effective pain management yet assessments frequently neither completed documented pain subjective individual responses pain interventions vary widely unpredictable assessment vital comprehensive pain care clinical settings reliable validated pain assessment tools cognitively intact cognitively impaired older adults available guide practice pain assessment core competency nurses clinical settings comprehensive individualized ongoing assessment provides information necessary clinicians develop interventions relieve patients pain improve quality life nurses knowledge skills tools adequately screen comprehensively assess pain older adult patients including cognitive impairment using knowledge nurses change systems practices significant effect improving pain care increase quality life function older adults pain