Wilhelm Leijonmarck, Fredrik Mattsson, Johannes Asplund, Sheraz Markar, Jesper Lagergren
Surgeon age in relation to patients' long-term survival after gastrectomy for gastric adenocarcinoma: nationwide population-based cohort study
BJS open
background breast milk vital growth development preterm infants however neonatal intensive care units nicus mothers often encounter significant challenges breastfeeding objective study aims systematically evaluate barriers breastfeeding nicus thereby providing evidencebased support clinical practices methods comprehensive search conducted cochrane library pubmed web science embase scopus databases september 2023 metaanalysis performed using stata 150 applying fixed random effects models calculate odds ratios 95 confidence intervals ci study quality assessed using newcastleottawa scale cases cohorts agency healthcare research quality standards crosssectional studies heterogeneity evaluated using cochrans chisquared test cochrans q i2 statistics publication bias assessed funnel plots symmetry tests results total 32 studies included encompassing 96053 preterm infants main barriers breastfeeding preterm infants included low gestational age 136 95 ci 106175 lower maternal education 164 95 ci 139193 insufficient breast milk 209 95 ci 139193 multiple births 1615 95 ci 1182210 smoking 2906 95 ci 22393771 single motherhood 1439 95 ci 12511654 conclusion study underscores need individualized breastfeeding support strategies nicus taking account diverse backgrounds mothers future research focus unraveling underlying mechanisms affecting breastfeeding preterm infants goal enhancing breastfeeding rates improving developmental outcomes