Victor Atiase|Samia Mahmood|Yong Wang|David Botchie
Developing entrepreneurship in Africa: investigating critical resource challenges
University of Wolverhampton|University of Wolverhampton|University of Wolverhampton|Bournemouth University
purpose drawing upon institutional theory purpose paper investigate role four critical resources credit electricity contract enforcement political governance explaining quality entrepreneurship depth supporting entrepreneurship ecosystem africa designmethodologyapproach quantitative approach based ordinary least squares regression analysis used three data sources employed first global entrepreneurship index gei 35 african countries used measure quality entrepreneurship depth entrepreneurial ecosystem africa represents dependent variable second world banks data access credit electricity contract enforcement africa also employed explanatory variables third ibrahim index african governance used explanatory variable finally countryspecific data four control variables gdp foreign direct investment population education gathered analysed findings support entrepreneurship development africa needs broad financial inclusion state institutions effective enforcing contracts access credit nonsignificant therefore contribute dependent variable entrepreneurship quality depth entrepreneurial support africa access electricity political governance statistically significant correlated positively dependent variables finally contract enforcement partially significant contributed dependent variable research limitationsimplications lack gei data 54 african countries limited study 35 african countries 31 subsaharan africa 4 north africa therefore generalisability studys findings whole africa might limited second study depended indexes study therefore inconsistencies index aggregation could authenticated study practical implications development entrepreneurship africa public private institutions credit delivery contract enforcement provision utility services electricity crucial entrepreneurship development originalityvalue institutional void challenge africa study highlights weak corrupt nature african institutions supposedly support msme growth effective entrepreneurship development africa depends presence supportive institutional infrastructure study engages institutional theory explain role institutional factors state institutions financial institutions utility providers markets entrepreneurship development africa