Nadia Primiani, Lara Murphy, Stephanie Dephoure, Cameron Thompson, Carly Ng
Simulation as an educational tool to teach emergency medicine residents about unconscious bias
CJEM
high levels mental health problems among young people reported covid19 pandemic studies postpandemic period scarce assessed mental health problems among finnish youth covid19 pandemic using nationwide populationbased samples aim examine direction heightened levels adolescent mental health problems developed pandemic national repeated crosssectional populationbased study finland recruited students lower upper secondary level aged 1320 years taking part finnish school health promotion shp survey 201523 119 681158 897 participants per round shp based total sampling conducted biennially march may selfreports covered sevenitem generalized anxiety disorder scale twoitem patient health questionnaire depression mini social phobia inventory social anxiety short warwickedinburgh mental wellbeing scale mental wellbeing loneliness sick control one stone fat food measure disordered eating suicidality suicidal ideation deliberate selfharm suicide attempts scales dichotomised using validated cutoffs presence comorbid mental health problems assessed logistic dichotomised outcomes linear short warwickedinburgh mental wellbeing scale mixed effects models used analyse effect survey year mental health controlling sociodemographic background factors stratified gender school level cisgender transgender youth compared 2015 2023 shp study recruited 722 488 students 371 634 516 girls 348 857 484 boys mean age 158 years sd 13 either eighth ninth grades comprehensive school first second years general vocational upper secondary schools finland proportion participants generalised anxiety depression social anxiety symptoms cutoff increased precovid19 levels 2021 remained higher levels 2023 among study groups among girls lower secondary education prevalence generalised anxiety depression social anxiety symptoms increased 2021 2023 social anxiety among girls upper secondary education among boys proportion social anxiety symptoms decreased 2021 2023 mental wellbeing scores decreased groups 2021 2023 disordered eating increased girls boys lower secondary education suicidality increased girls boys loneliness measure show improvement groups 2021 2023 2023 55 895 726 76 994 girls 22 718 328 69 205 boys reported least one mental health problem 37 250 484 girls 9442 136 boys reported comorbid mental health problems among transfeminine transmasculine youth prevalence generalised anxiety depression symptoms decreased 2021 2023 compared cisgender youth proportions significantly higher throughout effects covid19 pandemic youth mental health could long lasting study substantial change better among transgender youth positive exception providing adequate support treatment young people poor mental health essential solutions mental health crisis need address wider societal perspective developed partnership young people nordforsk research council finland finnish swedish translations abstract see supplementary materials section