Alina Rodriguez|Marjo?Riitta Järvelin|Carsten Obel|Anja Taanila|Jouko Miettunen|Irma Moilanen|Tine Brink Henriksen|Kirsi H. Pietiläinen|Hanna Ebeling|A Kotimaa|Karen Markussen Linnet|Jørn Olsen
Do inattention and hyperactivity symptoms equal scholastic impairment? evidence from three European cohorts
Uppsala University|University of Oulu|Aarhus University Hospital|University of Oulu|Oulu University Hospital|Oulu University Hospital|Aarhus University Hospital|University of Oulu|Oulu University Hospital|Oulu University Hospital|Aarhus University Hospital|Aarhus University
attention deficithyperactivity disorder adhd affects many children adolescents adults associated number impairments poor academic performance related adhd clinical samples however unclear extent core adhd symptoms scholastic impairment related nonreferred schoolaged childrendata come three populationbased cohorts sweden denmark finland part nordic network adhd combined sample size 13087 children studied ages 78 1012 years teachers rated children inattention hyperactivity symptoms reported childrens scholastic performance basic skillsthere significant association cohorts core adhd symptoms scholastic impairment reading writing mathematics particularly inattention related two tenfold increase scholastic impairment prevalence hyperactivity symptoms similar across three cohorts inattention lowest among children finnish cohort stratification living conditionsthese results extend previous reports scholastic impairment among children clinically diagnosed adhd nonreferred population samples three european countries surveillance policies implemented school systems catch children need behavioral scholastic support early