Reta Dewau|Amare Muche|Zinabu Fentaw|Melaku Yalew|Gedamnesh Bitew|Erkihun Tadesse Amsalu|Mastewal Arefaynie|Asnakew Molla Mekonen
Time to initiation of antenatal care and its predictors among pregnant women in Ethiopia: Cox-gamma shared frailty model
Wollo University|Wollo University|Wollo University|Wollo University|Wollo University|Wollo University|Wollo University|Wollo University
background timely initiating antenatal care anc crucial countries high maternal morbidity mortality however developing countries including ethiopia pregnant mothers time initiate antenatal care wellstudied therefore study aimed assess time first anc predictors among pregnant women ethiopia methods communitybased crosssectional study conducted among 7543 pregnant women ethiopia using ethiopian demographic health survey edhs 2016 data twostage stratified cluster sampling employed kaplanmeier km method used estimate time first antenatal care visit coxgamma shared frailty model applied determine predictors adjusted hazard ratio ahr 95 confidence interval reported effect size model adequacy assessed using coxsnell residual plot statistical significance considered p value lt005 data management analysis stata 14 used results median time first anc 5 months iqr 3 independent predictors time first anc visit primary education ahr 124 95ci 113135 secondary education ahr 12895 ci 111147 higher education ahr 143 119172 compared women formal education media exposure ahr 113 95 ci 103124 early initiation anc increases 25 ahr 125 95 ci 112140 poorer 32 ahr 132 95 ci 117149 middle 37 ahr 137 95 ci 120156 richer 41 ahr 141 95ci 1119167 richest households compared poorest household wealth index living city administration media exposure community women literacy also enabler factors long distance health facility nomadic region residency hindering factors early anc visit conclusions current study revealed womens time first antenatal care visit far late ethiopia compared world health organization recommendation predictors time first anc visit education status women media exposure level household wealth index community women literacy ad distance health facility vital maternal child health policies strategies better directed women development also designing applying interventions intended increase timely initiation anc among pregnantwomen researchers also recommended conducting studies using stronger design like cohort establish temporality reduce biases