Jany Rademakers, Geeke Waverijn, Mieke Rijken, Richard Osborne, Monique Heijmans
Towards a comprehensive, person-centred assessment of health literacy: translation, cultural adaptation and psychometric test of the Dutch Health Literacy Questionnaire
BMC public health
abstract article argues systemwide excellence student learning attainable reasonable cost using education policies differing conventional marketoriented reform strategies prevalent many countries respect finland example nation developed remote agrarianindustrial state 1950s model knowledge economy using education key economic social development relying data international student assessments earlier policy analysis article describes steady improvement student learning attained finnish education policies based equity flexibility creativity teacher professionalism trust unlike many education systems consequential accountability accompanied highstakes testing externally determined learning standards part finnish education policies insight finnish education policies intended raise student achievement built upon ideas sustainable leadership place strong emphasis teaching learning intelligent accountability encouraging schools craft optimal learning environments implement educational content best helps students reach general goals schooling acknowledgements wish thank henry heikkinen david oldroyd kari pitknen valuable suggestions article also wish acknowledge several colleagues finland provided comments suggestions text however lack clarity errors omissions authors responsibility notes 1 accountability policy finland described framework evaluating educational outcomes finland national board education 1998 national board education 1998 framework evaluating educational outcomes finland helsinki national board education google scholar stipulated law education 1998 two documents provide operational framework intelligent accountability define roles various stakeholders education process 2 finland participated two iea studies two pisa cycles since 1980 figure 4 composition mathematics results sims 1981 timssr 1999 pisa 2003 different mathematical domains relative distance finnish students average results domains calculated percentages international averages respectively comparing performance country course time international studies complicated due fact tests different countries participated studies