Nienke van Atteveldt|Alard Roebroeck|Rainer Goebel
Interaction of speech and script in human auditory cortex: Insights from neuro-imaging and effective connectivity
Maastricht University|Columbia University|Maastricht University|Maastricht University|Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience
addition visual information face speaker less natural nowadays extremely important visual component speech representation script review neuroimaging studies examined aimed understand speech script associated adult literate brain reviewed studies focused role different stimulus task factors effective connectivity different brain regions studies summarized neural mechanism integration speech script serve basis future studies addressing failure literacy acquisition proposed mechanism speech sound processing auditory cortex modulated copresented visual letters depending congruency lettersound pairs factors influence temporal correspondence input quality task instruction present results showing modulation auditory cortex likely mediated feedback heteromodal areas superior temporal cortex direct influences visual cortex excluded influence script speech sound processing occurs automatically shows extended development reading acquisition review concludes suggestions answer currently still open questions get closer understanding neural basis normal impaired literacy