Nicole D Bolter, Lindsay E Kipp, P Brian Greenwood
Retention in Junior Giants, a sport-based youth development program: what factors are associated with intentions to return?
Frontiers in sports and active living
methods treatment item nonresponse attitudinal scales largescale assessments pairwise likelihood pl estimation framework missing random mar mechanism proposed full information likelihood estimation framework mar ignorability missing data mechanism lead biased estimates however case pseudolikelihood approaches pl develop study performance three strategies incorporating missing values confirmatory factor analysis pl framework completepairs cp availablecases ac doubly robust dr approaches cp ac require model observed data standard errors easy compute doublyrobust versions pl estimation require predictive model missing responses given observed ones computationally demanding ac cp simulation study used compare proposed methods proposed methods employed analyze uk data numeracy literacy collected part oecd survey adult skills