Annika Lindh, Maaike Giezeman, Kersti Theander, Ann-Britt Zakrisson, Elisabeth Westerdahl, Caroline Stridsman
Factors Associated with Patient Education in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) - A Primary Health Care Register-Based Study
International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
healthcare systems world reinforcing competence professionalism nurses become concern gaining clinical nursing competence healthcare system requires effort additional training required medical education training begun using digital technologies virtual reality vr purpose research examine efficacy vr terms cognitive emotional psychomotor outcomes learning satisfaction nurses study searched eight databases cochrane library ebscohost embase ovid medline proquest pubmed scopus web science articles met criteria nursing staff ii virtual reality technology intervention education levels immersion 1 randomized control trial quasiexperiment study iv published articles unpublished theses standardized mean difference measured random effect model applied measure main outcome study significance level p 05 i2 statistic assessment applied identify level heterogeneity study total 6740 studies identified 12 studies 1470 participants met criteria inclusion metaanalysis showed significant improvement cognitive aspect standardized mean difference smd 148 95 ci 033263 p 011 i2 9488 affective aspect smd 059 95 ci 034086 p 001 i2 3433 psychomotor aspect smd 0901 95 ci 049131 p 001 i2 8033 learning satisfaction smd 047 95 ci 017077 p 002 i2 0 aspects groups received vr intervention compared control groups subgroup analysis found dependent variables eg level immersion improve study outcomes quality evidence low affected major methodological issues vr may favorable alternative method increase nurse competencies randomized controlled trials rcts larger samples needed strengthen evidence effect vr various clinical nurse settings rospero registration number crd42022301260