Dana Badau, Adela Badau
Optimizing Reaction Time in Relation to Manual and Foot Laterality in Children Using the Fitlight Technological Systems
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
adequate staffing crucial high quality patient care nurses wellbeing nurses professional assessment adequacy staffing gold standard measuring staffing adequacy however available measurement instruments lack reliability validity develop psychometrically test instrument measure nurses perceived adequacy staffing pas general hospital wards multicenter crosssectional psychometric instrument development validation study using item response theory ten general nursing wards three teaching hospitals netherlands sample 881 participants including third fourth year nursing students nursecare assistants 13item selfreported questionnaire developed based previous delphi study two focus groups interviewed five nurses evaluate content validity instrument field test psychometric evaluation conducted ten general wards three teaching hospitals netherlands structural validity item bank examined fitting graded response model grm inspecting grm fit measurement invariance assessed evaluating differential item functioning dif education level work experience examined convergent validity testing hypothesis least moderate correlation pas instrument single item measuring adequacy staffing internal consistency reliability across scale also examined total 881 measurements included analysis data fitted grm adequately item fit statistics good dif detected work experience protocols item impact total scores negligible hypothesis confirmed item bank reliably measured two standard deviations around mean nurse perceived adequacy staffing scale npass nurses general hospital wards netherlands sufficient reliability validity ready use nurse staffing research practice