Ian Harrowell|Linda Hollén|Raghu Lingam|Alan Emond
The impact of developmental coordination disorder on educational achievement in secondary school
University of Bristol|University of Bristol|Newcastle University|University of Bristol
developmental coordination disorder dcd common developmental disorder long term impact health education poorly understood assess impact dcd diagnosed 7 years cooccurring developmental difficulties educational achievement 16 years prospective cohort study using data avon longitudinal study parents children alspac national general certificate secondary education gcse exam results special educational needs provision compared adolescents dcd n 284 controls n 5425 adolescents dcd achieved median 2 gcses whilst controls achieved median 7 gcses compared controls adolescents dcd much less likely achieve 5 gcses secondary school 027 95 ci 021034 even adjustment gender socioeconomic status iq 06 95 ci 044081 dcd likely persistent difficulties reading social communication hyperactivityinattention affected educational achievement nearly 40 adolescents dcd receipt additional formal support school dcd significant impact educational achievement therefore life chances cooccurring problems reading skills social communication difficulties hyperactivityinattention common contribute educational difficulties greater understanding dcd among educational medical professionals policy makers crucial improve support provided individuals