Virginia Capmourteres|Stephanie L. Shaw|Liane J. Miedema|Madhur Anand
A complex systems framework for the sustainability doughnut
University of Guelph|University of Guelph|University of Guelph|University of Guelph
abstract achieving sustainability challenging environmental socioeconomic objective complex concept whose multiple components interactions need considered develop statistical model investigate relationships among planetary boundaries social foundations sustainability doughnut model find 35 direct indirect positive negative influences varying magnitude among seven boundaries biodiversity loss climate change ocean acidification land use nitrogen phosphorus cycles atmospheric aerosol loading freshwater use eleven foundations energy income health education food water gender equality resilience jobs voice social equity observe biodiversity loss driven planetary boundaries landuse change freshwater use also social foundation jobs measured vulnerable employment planetary boundaries freshwater use land use also related freshwater use higher urban centres rural areas planetary boundary climate change also related land use extent agricultural lands social foundation income per capita greater income higher carbon dioxide emissions also find several social foundations interrelated example gender equality measured female participation work force mainly predicted vulnerable employment also food deficit increases poverty level alleviated access clean water education literacy rate social equity social insurance lift people poverty interrelations suggest synergies tradeoffs exist within boundaries foundations provide new conceptual framework moves us away doughnut approach towards one begin address complex interactions sustainability scientists policy makers face trying maintain multiple social foundations compromising planetary boundaries illustrate several hypothesisbased relationships suggest everything related everything else possible work significant pathways within complex system necessary implement policies free plain language summary found within supporting information article