O. Sarobidy Rakotonarivo|Marije Schaafsma|Neal Hockley
A systematic review of the reliability and validity of discrete choice experiments in valuing non-market environmental goods
Bangor University|University of Copenhagen|University of Southampton|Bangor University
discrete choice experiments dces increasingly used field environmental valuation remain controversial hypothetical nature contested reliability validity results systematically reviewed evidence validity reliability environmental dces past thirteen years jan 2003february 2016 107 articles met inclusion criteria studies provide limited mixed evidence reliability validity dce valuation results susceptible small changes survey design 45 outcomes reporting reliability measures dce results generally consistent stated preference techniques convergent validity hypothetical bias common evidence supporting theoretical validity consistency assumptions rational choice theory limited content validity tests 290 respondents protested feature survey considerable proportion found dces incomprehensible inconsequential 1740 1062 respectively dce remains useful nonmarket valuation results used caution given sparse inconclusive evidence base recommend tests reliability validity routinely integrated dce studies suggest might achieved