Anne R den Uil, Hemke van Doorn, Mandy Schweitzer, Mirka Janssen, Ron H J Scholte, Vincent Busch
The effects of the COVID-19 lockdowns on motor skill development of 6- and 7-year old children in the Netherlands: a longitudinal study
BMC public health
strong evidence selfregulatory processes linked early academic skills concurrently longitudinally majority extant longitudinal studies however conducted using autoregressive techniques may accurately model change across time purpose study examine unique associations 2 components selfregulation attention executive functioning ef growth early literacy skills preschool year using latentgrowthcurve analysis sample included 1082 preschool children mean age 550 months sd 373 children completed measures vocabulary syntax phonological awareness print knowledge cognitive ability selfregulation childrens classroom teachers completed behavior rating measure examine independent relations selfregulatory skills cognitive ability childrens initial early literacy skills growth across preschool year growth models intercept slope simultaneously regressed predictor variables examined significant relation intercept slope outcomes slope regressed intercept models allow determination direct indirect effects predictors growth childrens language literacy skills across preschool year general teacherrated inattention directly measured ef uniquely associated initial skills level however teacherrated inattention uniquely predicted growth early literacy skills findings suggest teacher ratings inattention may measure aspect selfregulation particularly associated acquisition academic skills early childhood psycinfo database record