Siu Ming Choi, Kim Wai Raymond Sum, Fung Lin Elean Leung, Sau Ching Amy Ha, Cindy Sit, Ka Ho Yeung
Predictors of Physical Activity Levels in University Physical Education Implementing Sport Education
Journal of sports science & medicine
study assesses relative effects age 23 young participants born poverty highscope direct instruction traditional nursery school preschool curriculum models ages 3 4 68 children randomly assigned models implemented independently high standards 212hour classes 5 days week biweekly 112hour home visits decade virtually curriculum group differences intellectual academic performance found many areas statistically significant differences found age 15 age 23 however pattern group differences community behavior emerge age 15 became pronounced age 23 age 15 direct instruction group reported committing 212 times many acts misconduct highscope group age 23 compared curriculum groups direct instruction group three times many felony arrests per person especially involving property crimes 47 direct instruction group treated emotional impairment disturbance schooling compared 6 either curriculum groups results attributed emphasis planning social reasoning social objectives highscope curriculum nursery school curriculum direct instruction curriculum results study consistently distinguish longterm effectiveness highscope traditional nursery school currculums highscope curriculum model readily replicated precise definition findings argue using direct instruction preschool programs using welldefined curriculum model based childinitiated learning activities