Nicola Brunswick|Geoffrey T. Martin|Gina Rippon
Early cognitive profiles of emergent readers: A longitudinal study
Middlesex University|Middlesex University|Aston University
longitudinal study examined contribution phonological awareness phonological memory visuospatial ability reading development 142 englishspeaking children start kindergarten middle grade 2 partial crosslagged analyses revealed significant relationships early performance block design matching letterlike forms tasks later reading ability rhyme awareness correlated later reading ability earliest stages onset awareness emerge important children started reading digit span correlated significantly future reading ability every stage findings indicate although phonological awareness phonological memory visuospatial ability necessary emergent reading relative importance varies across first 2 years reading development