Min?Ling Hung|Chien Chou|Chao?Hsiu Chen|Zangyuan Own
Learner readiness for online learning: Scale development and student perceptions
National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University|National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University|National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University|Providence University
purpose study develop validate multidimensional instrument college students readiness online learning confirmatory factor analysis online learning readiness scale olrs validated five dimensions selfdirected learning motivation learning computerinternet selfefficacy learner control online communication selfefficacy research data gathered 1051 college students five online courses taiwan revealed students levels readiness high computerinternet selfefficacy motivation learning online communication selfefficacy low learner control selfdirected learning study found gender made statistical differences five olrs dimensions higher grade junior senior students exhibited significantly greater readiness dimensions selfdirected learning online communication selfefficacy motivation learning learner control lower grade freshman sophomore students