Stephanie E Watkins, Alexander C Allori, Robert E Meyer, Arthur S Aylsworth, Jeffrey R Marcus, Ronald P Strauss
Special education use in elementary school by children with nonsyndromic orofacial clefts
Birth defects research
school cafeterias major point influence child nutrition united states federal legislation requires presence important nutrients school meals however legislation overlooks potential presence hyperpalatable foods school lunches hypothesized factor may influence childrens eating behavior obesity risk study sought 1 quantify prevalence hyperpalatable foods hpf served us elementary school lunches 2 determine whether food hyperpalatability varied based school geographic region eastcentralwest urbanicity urbanmicropolitanrural meal item entresidefruit vegetable lunch menu data n 18 menus n 1160 total foods collected sample six states represented geographic regions united states easterncentralwestern northernsouthern variability urbanicity urban micropolitan rural within state standardized definition fazzino et al 2019 used identify hpf lunch menus hpf comprised almost half foods school lunches 47 sd 5 compared fruitvegetable items entres 23 times likely hyperpalatable side dishes 13 times likely hyperpalatable p values 001 geographic region urbanicity significantly associated food item hyperpalatability p values 05 majority entre side items contained meatmeat alternatives andor grains likely aligned us federal reimbursable meal components meatmeat alternatives andor grains hpf comprised almost half foods offered elementary school lunches entres side items likely hyperpalatable us school lunches may key point regular exposure hpf among young children risk factor may elevate child obesity risk public policy regulating hpf school meals may needed protect childrens health