Kaifeng Liu|Zhenzhen Xie|Calvin Kalun Or
Effectiveness of Mobile App-Assisted Self-Care Interventions for Improving Patient Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes and/or Hypertension: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
University of Hong Kong|University of Hong Kong|University of Hong Kong
background mobile appassisted selfcare interventions emerging promising tools support selfcare patients chronic diseases type 2 diabetes hypertension effectiveness interventions requires exploration supporting evidence objective systematic review metaanalysis randomized controlled trials rcts conducted examine effectiveness mobile appassisted selfcare interventions developed type 2 diabetes andor hypertension improving patient outcomes methods followed cochrane collaboration guidelines searched medline cochrane library embase cinahl plus relevant studies published january 2007 january 2019 primary outcomes included changes hemoglobin a1c hba1c levels systolic blood pressure sbp diastolic blood pressure dbp changes clinical behavioral knowledge psychosocialrelated outcomes included secondary outcomes primary outcomes objective secondary outcomes reported least two trials metaanalyzed otherwise narrative synthesis used data analysis results total 27 trials identified analyzed primary outcomes use mobile appassisted selfcare interventions associated significant reductions hba1c levels standardized mean difference smd 044 95 ci 059 029 plt001 sbp smd 017 95 ci 031 003 p02 dbp smd 017 95 ci 030 003 p02 subgroup analyses primary outcomes showed several intervention features supportive selfmanagement including blood glucose blood pressure medication monitoring communication health care providers automated feedback personalized goal setting reminders education materials data visualization addition 8 objective secondary outcomes metaanalyzed showed interventions significant lowering effects fasting blood glucose levels waist circumference total 42 secondary outcomes narratively synthesized mixed results found conclusions mobile appassisted selfcare interventions effective tools managing blood glucose blood pressure likely use facilitates remote management health issues data provision personalized selfcare recommendations patientcare provider communication decision making studies required determine combinations intervention features effective improving control diseases moreover evidence regarding effects interventions behavioral knowledge psychosocial outcomes patients still scarce warrants examination