Gemma Vilagut|Carlos G. Forero|Gabriela Barbaglia|Jordi Alonso
Screening for Depression in the General Population with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D): A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis
Hospital del Mar Research Institute|Pompeu Fabra University|Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública|Hospital del Mar Research Institute|Pompeu Fabra University|Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública|Hospital del Mar Research Institute|Pompeu Fabra University|Agència de Qualitat i Avaluació Sanitàries de Catalunya|Hospital del Mar Research Institute|Pompeu Fabra University|Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública
objective aimed collect metaanalyse existing evidence regarding performance center epidemiologic studies depression cesd detecting depression general population primary care settings method systematic literature search pubmed psychinfo eligible studies validation studies screening questionnaires information accuracy cesd b samples general populations primary care settings c standardized diagnostic interviews following standard classification systems used gold standard english spanish language publication pooled sensitivity specificity likelihood ratios diagnostic odds ratio estimated several cutoff points using bivariate mixed effects models threshold summary receiver operating characteristic curve estimated rutter gatsonis mixed effects models area curve calculated quality studies assessed quadas tool causes heterogeneity evaluated rutter gatsonis mixed effects model including covariate time results 28 studies 10617 participants met eligibility criteria median prevalence major depression 88 iq range 38 126 overall area curve 087 cutoff 16 sensitivity 087 95 ci 082092 specificity 070 95 ci 065075 dor 162 95 ci 10492510 better tradeoffs sensitivity specificity observed sensitivity 083 specificity 078 diagnostic odds ratio 1664 cutoff 20 none variables assessed possible sources heterogeneity found statistically significant conclusion cesd acceptable screening accuracy general population primary care settings used isolated diagnostic measure depression depending test objectives cutoff 20 may adequate value 16 typically recommended