Sunder Sham, Sheena Shiwlani, Sanjay Kirshan Kumar, Prinka Bai, Ahmed Bendari
Empowering Patients Through Digital Health Literacy and Access to Electronic Medical Records (EMRs) in the Developing World
Cureus
although future production dairy goats influenced kidrearing practices little known regarding practices maximize kid growth welfare future production success objectives survey study 1 identify common rearing practices canadian commercial dairy goat farms evaluate associations 6 farm performance indicators 2 determine farms could grouped management style basis 6 performance indicators compare rearing practices common across different groups survey sent post electronic media reach dairy goat producers across canada questionnaire contained 70 questions following areas kid rearing kidding management care newborn colostrum management milk solid feeding preweaning period health management disbudding housing conditions weaning strategies record keeping growth monitoring farm performance data performance indicators calculated selfreported data 305d milk production preweaning mortality rate diarrhea respiratory disease prevalence average daily gain birth weaning herd milk production replacement rate total 175 questionnaires returned applying inclusion criteria including herd size 40 goats completeness surveys 104 respondents ontario n 72 69 qubec n 23 22 western provinces n 9 9 retained analysis representing 29 canadian producers farm sizes ranged 42 2500 median 190 goats large amount variation rearing practices farm performance found farms colostrum milk feeding management found associated performance indicators except kid respiratory disease prevalence timing colostrum delivery feeding method accounting associations within 2 areas replacement rate mostly affected whether kids reared dam herds surveyed study could successfully divided 3 distinct groups productionfocused longevityfocused low performance representing different management styles basis farm selfreported performance levels rearing practices found associated higher farm performance could targeted advisory services help improve management practices canadian dairy goat farms