Ruth E. Taylor?Piliae|Erika Sivarajan Froelicher
Measurement Properties of Tai Chi Exercise Self-Efficacy among Ethnic Chinese with Coronary Heart Disease Risk Factors: A Pilot Study
University of California, San Francisco|University of California, San Francisco
improvement aerobic capacity reduction blood pressure tai chi exercise programs persons coronary heart disease chd chd risk factors reported selfefficacy shown consistent predictor behavioral outcomes applied tai chi exerciseto assess utility appropriateness existing tools measuring aspects tai chi exercise selfefficacy tcse new population ethnic chinese chd risk factors specific objectives 1 examine acceptability feasibility 2 determine score distributions 3 assess reliability knowngroups validity 4 translate tool equivalent chinese version determine differences ethnic chinese nonchinesefollowing review literature two existing tools used caucasians found modified 9item exercise selfefficacy tool developed resnick jenkins resnick b jenkins ls testing reliability validity selfefficacy exercise scale nurs res 493 2000 154159 3item tool developed li et al li f mcauley e harmer p duncan te chaumeton nr tai chi enhances selfefficacy exercise behavior older adults j aging phys act 9 2001 161171 assess gradations challenge perform tai chi among elderly populations modified tcse tool translated chinese backtranslated pilot study conducted pretest modified 14item tcse tool ethnic chinese nonchinesea total 18 subjects mean age 60 years sd 184 participated seven subjects 39 identified ethnic chinese ten subjects 56 experience performing tai chi ranging 3 months 17 years mean 50 years sd50 half subjects reported history hypertension n 9 50 nearly onethird reported high cholesterol n 5 28 significant difference tcse mean scores found ethnic chinese nonchinese p 005 internal consistency estimates high tcse barriers r 095 tcse performance r 097 statistically significant difference found tcse mean scores tai chi practitioners nonpractitioners tcse barriers 33 p 001 tcse performance 27 p 003 tai chi practitioners reporting higher selfefficacy thus providing initial evidence knowngroups validitymeasurement selfefficacy overcome barriers tai chi exercise tcse barriers selfefficacy perform tai chi tcse performance functioned well sample acceptability feasibility tool established knowngroups validity confirmed research using tool among ethnic chinese chd chd risk factors including less high school education low literacy recommended next step development tcse