Bjarte Furnes|Stefan Samuelsson
Phonological awareness and rapid automatized naming predicting early development in reading and spelling: Results from a cross-linguistic longitudinal study
University of Bergen|University of Stavanger|Linköping University|University of Stavanger
study relationship latent constructs phonological awareness pa rapid automatized naming ran investigated related later measures reading spelling children learning read different alphabetic writing systems ie norwegianswedish vs english 750 usaustralian children 230 scandinavian children followed longitudinally kindergarten 2nd grade pa ran measured kindergarten grade 1 word recognition phonological decoding spelling measured kindergarten grade 1 grade 2 general high stability observed various reading spelling measures little additional variance left open pa ran however results demonstrated ran related reading spelling across orthographies opposite pattern shown pa addition tests measurement invariance show factor loadings observed indicator latent pa factor across usaustralia scandinavia similar findings obtained ran general tests structural invariance show models early literacy development highly transferable across languages