Samson Gebremedhin|Fikre Enquselassie|Melaku Umeta
Independent and Joint Effects of Prenatal Zinc and Vitamin A Deficiencies on Birthweight in Rural Sidama, Southern Ethiopia: Prospective Cohort Study
Hawassa University|Addis Ababa University|Addis Ababa University
effects prenatal zinc deficiency zd vitamin deficiency vad birthweight controversial interaction investigatedto assess independent interaction effects prenatal zinc vitamin deficiencies birthweight rural sidama southern ethiopiaa communitybased prospective cohort study design employed six hundred fifty pregnant women second third trimester randomly selected serum zinc retinol concentrations determined 575 subjects successfully followed delivery birthweight measured within 72 hours delivery association exposures birthweight examined using logbinomial liner regression analyses potential interaction zd vad examined using synergy index sithe mean birthweight standard deviation 2896 g 423 165 95 ci 135196 babies low birthweight lbw prenatal zd vad significantly associated lbw adjusted relative risk arr 125 95 ci 086182 127 95 ci 086187 respectively stratified analysis basis gestational trimester showed occurrence deficiencies neither second third trimester associated lbw deficiencies show synergetic interaction causing lbw si 104 95 ci 017628 important risk factors lbw maternal illiteracy rr 180 95 ci 111293 female sex newborn rr 179 95 ci 119267 primiparity rr 116 95 ci 102135 short maternal stature rr 163 95 ci 106251 maternal thinness rr 152 95 ci 103225 linear regression model elevated crp also negatively associated birthweightlbw public health significance locality study witness independent interaction effect prenatal zd vad birthweight