Seok Hyun Gwon, Chung Yul Lee
[Factors that influence sexual intercourse among middle school students: using data from the 8th (2012) Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey]
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
total joint arthroplasty tja successful improving healthrelated quality life however outcomes vary literature due modifiable nonmodifiable factors modifiable factors consist body mass index bmi nutrition tobacco use nonmodifiable risk factors include age race sex socioeconomic status prior literature focused racial disparities terms utilization lower extremity arthroplasty purpose study determine effect race sex inhospital complication rate length stay charges associated primary tja retrospective cohort utilized complex survey data national inpatient sample nis 2016 2019 use international classification disease10 procedure codes icd10 pcs right hip left hip right knee left knee tja yielded preliminary total 2660280 patients exclusion criteria bilateral arthroplasty concomitant unilateral hip knee arthritis major complications defined acute myocardial infarction cardiac arrest pulmonary embolism adult respiratory distress syndrome stroke shock septicemia odds ratio beta coefficients adjusted age sex primary payer hospital region hospital teaching status year total charges adjusted inflation using consumer price index data reported us bureau labor statistics total 2589510 patients met inclusion criteria 876 59 48 14 03 people white black hispanic asian pacific islander native american defined national nationwide inpatient sample nis variable race black individuals experienced significantly greater major complication rate compared white individuals 087 vs 074 125 pvalue 00004 black hispanic individuals experienced significantly greater minor complication rate compared white individuals 639 vs 412 odds ratio 161 pvalue 00001 468 vs 412 117 pvalue 00001 black hispanic asian pacific islander native american individuals stayed average 033 019 019 025 days longer white individuals 278 254 255 256 vs 237 days p00001 none statistically significant differences exceeded established minimal clinically important difference two days black hispanic asian pacific islander patients charged 5751 18656 12119 white patients 72122 85027 78490 59297 vs 66371 p 00165 native american patients charged 7074 less white patients 59297 vs 66371 p 00001 black hispanic tja patients may higher complication rates white tja patients differences length stay race groups may affect outcomes hispanic patients received significantly charges white patients native american patients received significantly fewer charges white patients controlling nonmodifiable risk factors addressing charge disparities may reduce total national cost burden associated tja present study highlights need studies healthcare outcomes related race sex