Erin M Slazak, Maya R Chilbert, Jaime Maerten-Rivera, William A Prescott, Ashley E Woodruff
Implementation and Evaluation of a Residency Preparation Program for Fourth-Year Doctor of Pharmacy Students
American journal of pharmaceutical education
medical education entrustable professional activities epas gaining momentum last decade novel educational interventions necessitate accommodating competing needs curriculum designers users practice order successfully implemented employed participatory research design engaging diverse stakeholders designing epa framework iterative approach allowed continuous refinement shaping comprehensive blueprint comprising 60 epas approach involved two iterative cycles first cycle utilized modifieddelphi methodology clinical competence committee ccc members asking whether epa included second cycle used semistructured interviews general practitioner gp trainers trainees explore perceptions framework refine accordingly first cycle 14 ccc members agreed 60 epas included framework regarding formulation epas 20 comments given 16 adaptations made enhance clarity second cycle semistructured interviews trainers trainees echoed findings emphasizing need epa framework improving workplacebased assessment relevance realworld clinical scenarios however trainees trainers expressed concerns regarding implementation challenges large number epas assessed perception epas potentially highstakes accommodating competing stakeholders needs design process significantly enhance epa implementation recognizing users experts experiences empowers enabling priori identification implementation barriers potential pitfalls embracing collaborative approach wherein diverse stakeholders contribute unique viewpoints create effective educational interventions complex assessment challenges