Sultan Ayaz-Alkaya, Fatma Ozlem Ozturk
Health Literacy Levels of Women and Related Factors in Turkey
The journal of nursing research : JNR
uncritical application western psychiatric concepts nonwestern societies resulting culturally invalid psychiatric syndromes extensively documented instances considered category errors contrast reverse category errors although theoretically postulated never empirically demonstrated diagnostic criteria established south asian culture specific neurosis dht syndrome deployed psychiatrist south asian origin amongst 47 white britons london uk presenting first time clinic diagnosis icd9 depressive neurosis dysthymic disroder icd11 proceedure yielded new disorder semen retention syndrome based narrative accounts quantitative scores hamilton depression rating scale evidence suggests significant subset white british subjects diagnosed dysthymic disorder may fact expressing psychological variation previously unknown local white british somatisation phenomena labelled semen retention syndrome anxiety depressive symptoms presented subset subjects primarily attributed core irrational belief cognitive error centered around misunderstood concepts semen physiology consequently undue focus mood idioms white british patients health professionals leads mistaken diagnosis mood disorder results incorrect treatment implications ethnocentric mode reasoning raises concerns existing concepts psychiatric phenomenology official international diagnostic classificatory systems paper concludes arguing category errors directions instances cultural iatrogenesis underscore importance culturally valid psychiatry