Heather Haeger, Elia Hilda Bueno, Quentin Sedlacek
Participation in Undergraduate Research Reduces Equity Gaps in STEM Graduation Rates
CBE life sciences education
educational authorities questioned whether middle schools provide best school climate 7th 8th grade students proposed grade configurations k8th grade schools may provide better learning environment purpose study compare 7th 8th grade students perceptions 4 key features school climate disciplinary structure student support student engagement prevalence teasing bullying middle schools versus elementary high schools multilevel multivariate modeling statewide sample 39036 7th 8th grade students attending 418 schools revealed students attending middle schools negative perception school climate students schools grade configurations seventh grade students placed middle schools reported lower disciplinary structure higher prevalence teasing bullying comparison elementary schools eighth grade students middle schools reported poorer disciplinary structure lower student engagement higher prevalence teasing bullying compared high schools findings guide school psychologists identifying aspects school climate may troublesome 7th 8th grade students schools different grade configurations psycinfo database record