Nguyen Quoc Khanh Le, Thi-Xuan Tran, Phung-Anh Nguyen, Trang-Thi Ho, Van-Nui Nguyen
Recent progress in machine learning approaches for predicting carcinogenicity in drug development
Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
fetal alcohol spectrum disorder fasd one disabling potential outcomes prenatal alcohol exposure populationbased prevalence fasd among general population canada unknown objective study determine populationbased prevalence fasd among elementary school students aged 7 9 years greater toronto area gta ontario canada screening study used crosssectional observational design utilizing active case ascertainment along retrospective collection prenatal alcohol exposure information data collection involved two phases phase consisted taking growth measurements dysmorphology examination obtaining history behavioral andor learning problems phase ii consisted neurodevelopmental assessment maternal interview behavioral observationsratings parentsguardians final diagnostic screening conclusions made consensus team experienced multidisciplinary experts case conferences using 2005 canadian guidelines fasd diagnosis prevalence fasd estimated taking consideration selection rate used account students dropped lost followup phase monte carlo simulations employed derive confidence interval ci point estimates total 2555 students participated total 21 cases suspected fasd identified prevalence fasd estimated 181 per 1000 18 using less conservative approach sensitivity analysis prevalence fasd estimated 293 per 1000 29 therefore populationbased prevalence fasd likely range 2 3 among elementary school students gta ontario canada study provides first populationbased estimate prevalence fasd canada estimate approximately double possibly even triple previous crude estimates fasd prevalence exceeds common birth defects downs syndrome spina bifida trisomy 18 well autism spectrum disorder canada effective prevention strategies targeting alcohol use pregnancy surveillance fasd timely interventions support individuals fasd families urgently needed