Michael L. Tee|Cuiyan Wang|Cherica A. Tee|Riyu Pan|Patrick Wincy C. Reyes|Xiaoyang Wan|Joseph P. Anlacan|Yilin Tan|Linkang Xu|Chloe Harijanto|Vipat Kuruchittham|Cyrus S.H. Ho|Roger Ho
Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Physical and Mental Health in Lower and Upper Middle-Income Asian Countries: A Comparison Between the Philippines and China
University of the Philippines Manila|Huaibei Normal University|University of the Philippines Manila|University of the Philippines Manila|University of the Philippines Manila|University of the Philippines Manila|University of the Philippines Manila|University of the Philippines Manila|University of the Philippines Manila|National University of Singapore|National University of Singapore|National University Health System|National University of Singapore
objective differences physical mental health people living lowermiddleincome country lmic uppermiddleincome country umic covid19 pandemic unknown study aimed compare levels psychological impact mental health people philippines lmic china umic correlate mental health parameters variables relating physical symptoms knowledge covid19 methods survey collected information demographic data physical symptoms contact history knowledge covid19 psychological impact assessed using impact event scalerevised iesr mental health status assessed depression anxiety stress scale dass21 findings study population included 849 participants 71 cities philippines 861 participants 159 cities china filipino lmic respondents reported significantly higher levels depression anxiety stress chinese umic covid19 p amplt 001 chinese respondents iesr scores cutoff ptsd symptoms filipino respondents likely report physical symptoms resembling covid19 infection p amplt 005 recent use lower confidence medical services p amplt 001 recent direct indirect contact covid p amplt 001 concerns family members contracting covid19 p amplt 0001 dissatisfaction health information p amplt 0001 contrast chinese respondents requested health information covid19 philippines student status low confidence doctors dissatisfaction health information long daily duration spent health information worries family members contracting covid19 ostracization unnecessary worries covid19 associated adverse mental health physical symptoms poor selfrated health associated adverse mental health countries p amplt 005 conclusion findings study suggest need widely available covid19 testing mic alleviate adverse mental health people present symptoms health education literacy campaign required philippines enhance satisfaction health information