Daniel Westreich, Noah Iliinsky
Epidemiology visualized: the prosecutor's fallacy
American journal of epidemiology
recent studies reported effect neonicotinoid neo exposures development human however information risk childhood development delays due neo exposures limited study aimed examine association neo exposure child development 4 years age using data japan environment childrens study study employed urinary neo metabolite concentrations first second third trimesters japanese translation ages stages questionnaire third edition jasq3 scores developmental delay five domains namely communication gross motor skills fine motor skills problem solving personalsocial characteristics 6 months 4 years age selfreported questionnaire data associations urinary neo concentrations jasq3 results analysed using treed distributed lag mixture model total 8538 participants included statistical analyses determination rates urinary acetamipridndesmethyl dmace clothianidin clo dinotefuran din thiamethoxam thx greater 50 median urinary dmace clo din thx concentrations 034 014 022 005 ngml respectively samples collected gestational weeks 23 028 012 018 004 ngml respectively collected gestational weeks 23 binomial scores divided cutoff values jasq used treed distributed lag mixture model highest percentage domain value less cutoff value problem solving 6 months age among jasq3 scores 105 statistically significant association maternal urinary dmace clo din thx concentrations pregnancy jasq3 results 4 years age objective assessment child development different populations may warranted confirm findings