Jennifer B. McClure|Daniel J. Peterson|Holly A. Derry|Karin Riggs|Jackie Saint-Johnson|Vijayan N. Nair|Lawrence C. An|Susan M. Shortreed
Exploring the “Active Ingredients” of an Online Smoking Intervention: A Randomized Factorial Trial
Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute|Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute|University of Michigan–Ann Arbor|Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute|Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute|University of Michigan–Ann Arbor|University of Michigan–Ann Arbor|Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute
research needs systematically identify components increase online intervention effectiveness ie active ingredients study explores effects 4 potentially important design features internetbased populationlevel smoking interventionsmokers n 1865 recruited large health care organization regardless readiness quit using full factorial design participants randomized 1 2 levels experimental factor message tone prescriptive vs motivational navigation autonomy dictated vs email reminders yes vs receipt personally tailored testimonials yes vs provided access online intervention primary outcomes selfreported 7day pointprevalent smoking abstinence confirmed utilization adjunct treatment pharmacotherapy phone counseling available health plan 1 year outcomes also assessed 2 6 months examined among enrolled participants intenttotreat itt viewed intervention modified ittat 1 year 137 abstinent 260 utilized adjunct treatment none contrasting factor levels differentially influenced abstinence treatment utilization 12 months modified itt sample smokers receiving testimonials less likely use adjunct treatment 6 months odds ratio 054 95 confidence interval 030098 p 04none design features enhanced treatment outcome negative effect observed testimonials provocative viewed caution study offers model future research testing active ingredients online interventions