Ramona T Pittman, Shuai Zhang, Emily Binks-Cantrell, Alida Hudson, R Malatesha Joshi
Teachers' knowledge about language constructs related to literacy skills and student achievement in low socio-economic status schools
Dyslexia (Chichester, England)
risk factors infant mortality africa south asian countries broadly discussed however infant morbidity largely underestimated analyzed data randomized vaccine trial bangladesh identify assess effect risk factors infant morbidity pregnant women randomly assigned receive either inactivated influenza vaccine pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine infants randomly assigned receive 7valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine hib conjugate vaccine week 6 10 14 data collected august 2004 december 2005 pair infant mother followed 24 weeks birth weekly visits generalized estimating equations gee repeated measurements poisson regression models used identify risk factors evaluate effect longitudinal incidence total number episodes respiratory illness fever rif diarrhea disease ear problem pneumonia total 340 pregnant women randomized mean age 25 years baseline mother infant characteristics similar two treatment groups exclusive breastfeeding higher paternal education level common factors associated lower infant morbidity rif adjusted 040 094 p 001 p 002 respectively diarrhea disease adjusted 039 095 p 001 p 004 respectively ear problem adjusted 020 076 p 001 p 001 respectively maternal influenza vaccine significantly reduced incidence rif adjusted 054 p 001 diarrhea disease ear problem p 005 female infants lower incidence diarrhea disease adjusted 067 p 001 ear problem adjusted 012 p 001 maternal influenza vaccination exclusive breastfeeding female children higher paternal education level significantly reduced infant morbidity within 24 weeks birth bangladesh