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despite wide use scientific journals journal wildlife management statistical hypothesis tests add little value products research indeed frequently confuse interpretation data paper describes statistical hypothesis tests often viewed contrasts interpretation correct one discuss arbitrariness pvalues conclusions null hypothesis true power analysis distinctions statistical biological significance statistical hypothesis testing null hypothesis properties population almost always known priori false contrasted scientific hypothesis testing examines credible null hypothesis phenomena nature meaningful alternatives briefly outlined including estimation confidence intervals determining importance factors decision theory guiding actions face uncertainty bayesian approaches hypothesis testing statistical practices