Nurazidawati Mohamad Arsad|Kamisah Osman|Tuan Mastura Tuan Soh
Instrument development for 21st century skills in Biology
National University of Malaysia|National University of Malaysia|National University of Malaysia
study aims develop valid reliable instrument measuring 21st century skills towards biology among malaysian secondary school students using application rasch model sample study consisted 433 form four students currently taking biology one elective subject instrument developed determine five constructs digital age literacy inventive thinking effective communication high productivity spiritual values first four constructs adapted engauge 21st century skills last construct created suit malaysian education philosophy using survey design data analysed based rasch model polytomous data via computer application winsteps 369111 result shows instrument high item reliability 091098 high person separation reliability 416231 however spiritual values construct separation value lower 20 representing less variation consistency respondents based result instrument beneficial educators interested evaluate 21st century skills term improving students readiness facing global world 2011 published elsevier ltd