Ram A. Cnaan|Stephanie C. Boddie
Philadelphia Census of Congregations and Their Involvement in Social Service Delivery
California University of Pennsylvania|California University of Pennsylvania
census congregational social services first attempt identify congregations philadelphia services article reports results 1376 estimated 2095 congregations finds 1211 congregations 88 percent least one social program average congregation provides 241 programs serves 102 people per month primary beneficiaries children served 492 percent programs according census 571 congregations 415 percent collaborate secular organizations 857 congregations 623 percent open collaborating government welfare programs conservatively financial replacement value congregational social services philadelphia 246901440 annually