R K Olson, R S Gresley, B S Heater
The effects of an undergraduate clinical internship on the self-concept and professional role mastery of baccalaureate nursing students
The Journal of nursing education
regulatory actions increasingly used tackle issues excessive alcohol sugar intake actions reduce sedentary behaviour remain scarce world health organization guidelines sedentary behaviour call systemwide policies chinese government introduced worlds first nationwide multisetting regulation multiple types sedentary behaviour children adolescents july 2021 regulation restricts long online gaming businesses provide access pupils amount homework teachers assign pupils according year groups tutoring businesses provide lessons pupils evaluated effect regulation sedentary behaviour safeguarding pupils natural experiment evaluation design used representative surveillance data 9 18yearold pupils introduction regulation longitudinal n 7054 matched individuals primary analysis repeated crosssectional n 99947 exploratory analysis analyses analysed prepost differences selfreported sedentary behaviour outcomes total sedentary behaviour time screen viewing time electronic device use time homework time outofcampus learning time using multilevel models explored differences sex education stage residency baseline weight status longitudinal analyses indicated pupils reduced mean total daily sedentary behaviour time 138 95 confidence interval ci 159 117 approximately 46 min 120 times likely meet international daily screen time recommendations 95 ci 101 132 one month introduction regulation compared reference group introduction average 279 times likely meet regulatory requirement homework time 95 ci 247 314 reference group reduced daily total screenviewing time 64 95 ci 96 33 approximately 10 min positive effects pronounced among highrisk groups secondary school urban pupils generally spend time sedentary behaviour lowrisk groups primary school rural pupils generally spend less time sedentary behaviour exploratory analyses showed comparable findings regulatory intervention effective reducing total specific types sedentary behaviour among chinese children adolescents potential reduce health inequalities international researchers policy makers may explore feasibility acceptability implementing regulatory interventions sedentary behaviour elsewhere