Paweena Sukhawathanakul, Bonnie Leadbeater
Trajectories of peer victimization in elementary school children: Associations with changes in internalizing, externalizing, social competence, and school climate
Journal of community psychology
evaluate potential effect interaction breastfeeding environmental tobacco smoke ets exposure respiratory health studied 31 049 children aged 214 years 25 districts seven cities northeast china parents children completed standardized questionnaires characterized childrens histories respiratory symptoms illness feeding methods ets exposure associated risk factors breastfeeding defined mainly breastfed 3 months results showed association ets exposure childhood respiratory conditionsdiseases modified breastfeeding association nonbreastfed children stronger breastfed children particular nonbreastfed children odds ratios ors effect current ets exposure asthma 171 95 ci 143205 however breastfed children 133 95 ci 120148 indicating interactions breastfeeding current ets exposure asthma statistically significant p 0019 stratified school kindergarten vs elementary school breastfeeding protective asthmarelated symptoms among children kindergarten conclusion study shows breastfeeding associated smaller associations ets exposure respiratory conditions children suggesting breastfeeding reduces susceptibility respiratory effects ets