Lisa C. Campbell|K. Robinson|Salimah H. Meghani|April Hazard Vallerand|Michael E. Schatman|N. Sonty
Challenges and Opportunities in Pain Management Disparities Research: Implications for Clinical Practice, Advocacy, and Policy
East Carolina University|The University of Texas at El Paso|University of Pennsylvania|Wayne State University|Columbia University
due high profile initiatives national level awareness inadequate pain care affecting many groups society never greater nevertheless increased awareness pain disparities initiatives address disparities yielded modest progress notably form growing appreciation pain disparities likely result multiple factors including biological psychological environmental health system cultural factors much less progress made developing interventions target multiple determinants reduce pain management disparities paper discuss key ethical methodological challenges undermine capacity investigate develop meaningful interventions improve pain outcomes among vulnerable populations key challenges areas research engagement recruitment design measurement discussed scientific normative standpoints specific opportunities within emerging research paradigms improve designs measures also discussed finally conclude identifying potential synergies pain management disparities research agenda broader areas clinical practice advocacy policy could help move field forward perspective researchers studying disparities pain care face number ethical methodological challenges must addressed advance field towards eliminating disparities discuss ethical methodological challenges propose opportunities paradigmatic revisions areas research engagement design measurement advocacy policy