Pekka Virtanen, Tapio Nummi, Hugo Westerlund, Per-Olof Östergren, Urban Janlert, Anne Hammarström
Active labour market policies in emerging adulthood may act as a protective factor against future depressiveness: an analysis of the long-term trajectories of depressive symptoms in the Northern Swedish Cohort
Frontiers in public health
background early exposure digital media may affect physical cognitive development young children american academy pediatrics national guidelines recommend digital media use age 18 months aim study determine actual exposure digital media 12monthold infants reveal potential risk factors screen time methods prospective crosssectional survey data collected kuno kids birth cohort study using parentreport questionnaires regarding media exposure study child determined age first contact different digital media mean screen time average weekday influence major demographic socioeconomic factors results data screen time analysis available 630 children summary 45 children already exposed digital media first birthday frequent first digital media exposure tv 330 followed smartphones 169 commonly exposed around age 8 months regular weekday 20 children spent 051 h front tv 9 exposed smartphone time frame compared 31 joint parentchild media use predictors screen time one sibling less living space per person excessive tv use household latter doubled chance child exposed digital media conclusion proportion 10 1yearold children already regularly exposed digital media tv remains predominant device new media particularly smartphones might catching study provides support family tv time major predictor infant screen time pediatric recommendations reevaluated light actual exposure digital media already infancy parents proactively counseled regarding possible effects child development