F Heinemann, S Ifland, R Heinrich-Weltzien, I M Schüler
[Influence of Fissure Sealants on Dental Health of Elementary School Children in Weimar - A Longitudinal Observational Study under Real-life Conditions]
Gesundheitswesen (Bundesverband der Arzte des Offentlichen Gesundheitsdienstes (Germany))
test independent association adult language input television viewing adultchild conversations language acquisition among infants toddlerstwo hundred seventyfive families children aged 2 48 months representative us census enrolled crosssectional study home language environment child language development phase 1 representative sample 71 families continued longitudinal assessment 18 months phase 2 crosssectional sample language development scores regressed adult word count television viewing adultchild conversations controlling socioeconomic attributes longitudinal sample phase 2 language development scores regressed phase 1 language development well phase 1 adult word count television viewing adultchild conversations controlling socioeconomic attributesin fully adjusted regressions effects adult word count significant included alone partially mediated adultchild conversations television viewing included alone significant negative fully mediated inclusion adultchild conversations adultchild conversations significant included alone retained significance magnitude adult word count television exposure includedtelevision exposure independently associated child language development adultchild conversations controlled adultchild conversations robustly associated healthy language development parents encouraged merely provide language input children reading storytelling also engage children twosided conversations