Owen W Tomlinson
Predatory publishing in medical education: a rapid scoping review
BMC medical education
contemporary research teaching indicates teachers powerful contributors students academic achievement though set interrelationships characteristics make highquality effective teaching yet satisfactorily determined nevertheless basis extant research vision exemplary teaching national board professional teaching standards stipulated definition superior teacher board without empirical evidence support claim teachers meet standards set board superior promoting academic achievement meet standards 17 years since founding national board empirical studies addressed important issue study compare academic performance students elementary classrooms 35 national board certified teachers noncertified peers 14 arizona school districts board certified teachers principals provide additional information teachers schools four years results stanford achievement tests reading mathematics language arts grades three six analyzed 48 comparisons four grades four years data three measures academic performance using gain scores adjusted students entering ability students classes national board certified teachers surpassed students classrooms nonboard certified teachers almost threequarters comparisons almost onethird differences statistically significant cases students nonboard certified teachers gained academic year none differences found statistically significant effect size translated grade equivalents informs us gains made students board certified teachers one month greater gains made students nonboard certified peer teachers teachers identified assessments national board professional teaching standards average effective teachers terms academic achievement one many outcomes education teachers responsible study address whether cheaper better alternatives national boards exist critics suggest hand results study provide support policies many states honor provide extra remuneration national board certified teachers