Dorothy Szinay|Andy Jones|Tim Chadborn|Jamie Brown|Felix Naughton
Influences on the Uptake of and Engagement With Health and Well-Being Smartphone Apps: Systematic Review
University of East Anglia|University of East Anglia|Public Health England|University College London|University of East Anglia
background public health impact health wellbeing digital interventions dependent upon sufficient realworld uptake engagement uptake currently largely dependent popularity indicators eg ranking user ratings app stores may correspond effectiveness rapid disengagement common therefore urgent need identify factors influence uptake engagement health wellbeing apps inform new approaches promote effective use tools objective review aimed understand known influences uptake engagement health wellbeing smartphone apps among adults methods conducted systematic review quantitative qualitative mixed methods studies studies conducted adults included focused health wellbeing smartphone apps reporting uptake engagement behavior studies identified systematic search medical literature analysis retrieval system online medlars online medline embase cumulative index nursing allied health literature cinahl psychinfo scopus cochrane library databases database systems logic programming dblp association computing machinery acm digital library screened proportion screened independently 2 authors data synthesis interpretation undertaken using deductive iterative process external validity checking undertaken independent researcher narrative synthesis findings structured around components capability opportunity motivation behavior change model theoretical domains framework tdf results 7640 identified studies 41 included review factors related uptake u engagement e b identified capability main factors identified app literacy skills b app awareness u available user guidance b health information e statistical information progress e welldesigned reminders e features reduce cognitive load e selfmonitoring features e availability low cost u positive tone personalization e identified physical opportunity factors whereas recommendations health wellbeing apps u embedded health professional support e social networking e possibilities social opportunity factors finally motivation factors included positive feedback e available rewards e goal setting e perceived utility app e conclusions across wide range populations behaviors 26 factors relating capability opportunity motivation appear influence uptake engagement health wellbeing smartphone apps recommendations may help app developers health app portal developers policy makers optimization health wellbeing apps