Camellia Torabizadeh, Leyla Homayuni, Marzieh Moattari
Impacts of Socratic questioning on moral reasoning of nursing students
Nursing ethics
statistical learning sl plays key role literacy acquisition studies increasingly revealed influence distributional statistical properties words visual word processing including effects word frequency lexical level mappings orthography phonology semantics sublexical level however scant evidence directly confirm statistical properties contained print directly characterized neural activities using timeresolved representational similarity analysis rsa present study examined neural representations different types statistical properties visual word processing perspective predictive coding equal probability sequence low builtin prediction precision three oddball sequences high builtin prediction precision designed consistent three types inconsistent orthographically inconsistent orthographytophonology inconsistent orthographytosemantics inconsistent chinese characters visual stimuli three oddball sequences consistent characters set standard stimuli probability occurrence p 075 three types inconsistent characters set deviant stimuli p 025 respectively equal probability sequence consistent inconsistent characters presented randomly identical occurrence probability p 025 significant neural representation activities word frequency observed equal probability sequence contrast neural representations sublexical statistics emerged oddball sequences shortterm predictions shaped findings reveal statistical properties learned longterm print environment continues play role current word processing mechanisms mechanisms modulated shortterm predictions