Perri Klass
The developing brain and early learning
backgroundaim studies far described conversion programmed deathligand 1 pdl1 treatment particular effect nivolumab pdl1 expression never reported investigated changes pdl1 expression chemotherapy nivolumab treatment herein describe detailed clinical course patients methods retrospectively examined pdl1 expression resected specimens rebiopsy specimens patients nonsmall cell lung cancer immunohistochemical analysis results four patients underwent rebiopsy treatment three showed positive conversion pdl1 expression one patient underwent rebiopsy chemotherapy nivolumab treatment two cases underwent rebiopsy chemotherapy radiotherapy nivolumab treatment conclusion cases suggest positive conversion pdl1 expression treatments including nivolumab suggesting pdl1 expression must assessed resected specimens also rebiopsied ones