T A Salthouse, K A Prill
Inferences about age impairments in inferential reasoning
Psychology and aging
perseverative cognitionsrumination worrycan contribute mental somatic health problems adolescence girls usually report stronger rumination worry boys even earlier years across development age spectrum aim test gender invariance psychometric properties nonproductive thoughts questionnaire children nptqc study 1 involved 1572 students mean age 1539 years sd 226 49 boy recruited representatively local schools applied confirmatory factor analysis cfa test measurement model perseverative cognitions gender invariance measurement model convergent validity analyzed well cfa covariates model original onefactor structure nptqc supported adolescent sample gender invariance also confirmed nptqc indicated high convergent validity showing positive correlations emotional instability emotional symptoms study 2 385 students mean age 1605 sd 123 34 boy tested construct validity nptqc applied cfa covariates model supported construct validity summary nptqc proved good instrument measuring ruminative worrying thoughts adolescents reliably measures perseverative cognitions across genders