Stephen P. Luby|Mubina Agboatwalla|Abida Raza|Jeremy Sobel|Eric D. Mintz|K. Baier|Robert M. Hoekstra|Mohammad H. Rahbar|Rumina Hassan|Shahida Qureshi|Eugene J. Gangarosa
Microbiologic effectiveness of hand washing with soap in an urban squatter settlement, Karachi, Pakistan
Aga Khan University|Interactive Research and Development|Aga Khan University|National Center for Infectious Diseases|Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|National Center for Infectious Diseases|Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|Procter & Gamble (United States)|Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|Aga Khan University|Aga Khan University Hospital|Aga Khan University Hospital|Emory University
conducted study squatter settlement karachi pakistan residents report commonly washing hands determine providing soap encouraging hand washing improving washwater quality would improve hand cleanliness allocated interventions 75 mothers collected handrinse samples unannounced visits final model compared mothers received handwashing intervention mothers received soap would expected 65 fewer thermotolerant coliform bacteria hands 95 ci 40 79 mothers received soap safe water storage vessel hypochlorite water treatment instructions wash hands soap chlorinated water would expected 74 fewer 95 ci 57 84 difference received soap alone received soap plus safe water vessel significant p 026 providing soap promoting hand washing measurably improved mothers hand cleanliness even used contaminated water