Sead Karakaš, Mateja Paklarčić, Ermina Kukić
The Incidence of Smoking Habits and the Degree of Nicotine Dependence in Education Workers
Acta medica academica
examine effectiveness educational interventions reducing stigma among healthcare professionals students towards people mental illness systematic review metaanalysis randomized controlled trials rcts cluster rcts articles published database inception october 2023 systematically searched seven databases cinahl embase proquest dissertations theses global psycinfo pubmed scopus web science following preferred reporting items systematic reviews metaanalyses guidelines randomeffect metaanalyses conducted heterogeneity evaluated using i2 statistics cochrans q chisquared test quality appraisal conducted study level used cochrane risk bias tool outcomelevel quality assessment utilized grades recommendation assessment development evaluation approach publication bias assessed using funnel plot twentyfive articles included review metaanalysis reported statistically significant medium small effect sizes attitudes towards mental illness attitudes towards people mental illness respectively showing association educational interventions improved attitudes among healthcare professionals students however statistically nonsignificant effect reported knowledge mental illness subgroup analyses indicated facetoface contactbased interventions particularly effective reducing stigma notably singlesession interventions effective multiple sessions suggesting potential resourceefficient approaches educational interventions demonstrate promise fostering positive attitudes towards mental health issues future research aim determine longterm effects interventions include patient feedback stigmatizing behaviours healthcare professionals students holistically evaluate effect interventions study secondary review require relevant contributions patients public paper contribute wider global clinical community facetoface contactbased educational sessions proven effective reinforcing learning may achieved series repeated singlesession interventions