Su Hyun Kim, Young Hoon Kim, Chang-Hyung Lee, YounYoung Lee
Smartphone usage and overdependence risk among middle-aged and older adults: a cross-sectional study
BMC public health
attentiondeficithyperactivity disorder adhd one common pediatric neurobehavioral disorders us stimulants classified controlled substances commonly used adhd management conducted analysis realworld stimulants dispensing data evaluate pandemics impact young patients 26 years california annual prevalence patients stimulants per capita across various california counties 2019 2021 analyzed compared across different years sexes age groups new patients initiating simulants therapy also examined case study conducted determine impact socioeconomic status patient prevalence within different quintiles los angeles county using patient zip codes logistic regression analysis using r project employed determine demographic factors associated concurrent use stimulants controlled substances notable reduction prevalence patients 26 years old stimulants pandemic per 100000 people 777 2019 743 2020 751 2021 decreases evident among elementary adolescent age groups prevalent age group stimulants adolescents 1217 years irrespective pandemic significant rise number female patients using stimulants observed increasing 107957 352 2019 121241 411 2021 new patients initiating stimulants rose 102754 2020 106660 2021 332 young adults los angeles county increasing trend patient prevalence q1 q5 income quintiles among patients 6 years consistently year highest average income quintile exhibited highest per capita prevalence age associated higher risk concurrent use benzodiazepines 1198 95 ci 11951201 p 00001 opioids 1132 95 ci 11301134 p 00001 stimulants study provides realworld information dispensing adhd stimulants california youth 2019 2021 results underscore importance optimizing evidencebased adhd management pediatric patients young adults mitigate disparities use stimulants