Lauren E Gonzalez, Haoyang Wei, Valentina Greco, Linda K Friedlaender
The art of observation: bridging science and art to see the unexpected
Development (Cambridge, England)
analyze association household smoking development learning elementary schoolchildren crosssectional study 785 students 2nd 5th year elementary school students evaluated school literacy screening protocol identify presence learning disabilities mothersguardians interviewed home validated questionnaire descriptive bivariate analysis well multivariate poisson regression performed final model variables associated learning difficulties current smoking household presence child pr610 95 ci 456 816 maternal passive smoking pregnancy pr146 95 ci 107 201 students attending 2nd 3rd years elementary school pr144 95 ci 110 190 children mothers elementary level education pr136 95 ci 104 179 study demonstrated association passive exposure tobacco smoke learning difficulties school