Jan de Leeuw|Ita G. G. Kreft
Questioning Multilevel Models
questioning multilevel models jan de leeuw ita gg kreft january 29 1994 introduction paper discuss practical problems using multilevel tech niques looking choices users techniques make difficult course define user different users different degrees statis tical background computer literacy experience adopt particular operational definition user paper certainly apply users user defined set questions asked statistical standards methodology division national center education statistics formu lated letter 91693 bob burton nces jerry sacks national institute statistical sciences path nces nsf context grant taken niss ucla specific purpose evaluate practical usefulness multilevel modeling educational statistics cannot discuss let alone answer questions nces paper many require additional statistical computational research il lustrate nicely practical methodological problems using hierarchical linear models shall keep statistics mathematics simple possible shall also concentrate situation relatively large number relatively small groups situation two three groups really interest us situation large number small groups twins couples also requires slightly different emphasis thinking terms least 20 maybe much 1000 groups size least 5 maybe large 50 seems cover studies individuals students groups schools classes hey denbush also illustrate dominant position terminology notation bryk rau 7 computer program hlm 8 field official educational many cases seems fitting multilevel model statistics using hlm seen identical activities course structural equations modeling lisrel aspirin bayer avoid confusion shall use term hierarchical linear models say hlm mean computer program name