Nadir Kheir, Ahmed Awaisu, Amina Radoui, Aya El Badawi, Linda Jean, Ros Dowse
Development and evaluation of pictograms on medication labels for patients with limited literacy skills in a culturally diverse multiethnic population
Research in social & administrative pharmacy : RSAP
european region lowest rate exclusive breastfeeding 6 months worldwide improving workrelated breastfeeding issues important given women may difficulties combining work breastfeeding especially precarious working situations adds adversity scoping review overviews research maternal employment characteristics support breastfeeding continuation return work european region studies published 2013 2023 collected scopus pubmed psycinfo quantitative qualitative studies published english french explored association maternal employment characteristics breastfeeding status duration experience included participants included mothers healthy children continued breastfeeding resuming work main determinants workrelated factors lead socially differentiated working conditions including type employment eg occupation employedselfemployed status type contract working time occupational prestige working conditions eg work schedule decision latitude latitude organize worktime work environment eg occupational exposure familyfriendly workplace policy social support geographic area encompassed countries included world health organization european region 693 single studies retrieved screened 13 included review eight studies focused combining work breastfeeding others broader spectrum investigating breastfeeding determinants represented countries spain n 4 france n 4 uk n 2 ireland n 2 netherlands n 1 results highlighted heterogeneity measures time frames fields inquiry thus revealing lack conceptual framework regarding links work breastfeeding social health inequalities nonetheless selfemployed working nonmanual profession time flexibility lactation rooms work supported coworkers breastfeeding workplace policy salient factors supported breastfeeding working mothers supporting working mothers choose breastfeed important given myriad adverse factors faced mothers children results advocate targeted actions workplace time flexibility breastfeeding facilities promotion breastfeedingfriendly policies