Zhemin Zhu
International comparative study of learning trajectories based on TIMSS 2019 G4 data on cognitive diagnostic models
Frontiers in psychology
effective migration often requires supports new arrivals referred settlement services settlement services literacy ssl key ensuring new migrants capability access utilise information services designed support resettlement process achieve positive settlement outcomes date however research sought empirically validate measures ssl assess individual migrants levels ssl aim study establish psychometric properties constructs conceptual ssl framework using snowball sampling approach trained multilingual research assistants collected data 653 participants total sample randomly divided two splithalf samples one exploratory factor analysis efa n 324 confirmatory factor analysis cfa n 329 scale validation final ssl scale included 30 questions full data set used test nomological validity scale regarding whether components ssl impact migrants level acculturative stress efa yielded five factors knowledge eight items 088 empowerment five items 089 competence four items 086 community influence four items 082 political two items 081 cfa initial model demonstrated poor marginal fit model respecification examining modification indices resulted good model fit cmindf 307 comparative fit index 092 root mean square error approximation 008 standardised root mean square residual 007 consistent recommendations path coefficients secondorder construct ssl five dimensions knowledge empowerment competence community influence political significant 05 level giving evidence validity different ssl dimensions found ssl significantly related migrants acculturative stress 039 p 005 nomological model study provides evidence construct validity reliability ssl tool provides basis integrating measures ssl evaluation settlement services allow effective decisionmaking designing implementing settlement services well funding service agreements address deficiencies