Carmen van der Mark, Justin Bitter, Paul H J Hendriks, Hester Vermeulen, Catharina J van Oostveen
The Nurse Perceived Adequacy of Staffing Scale for general hospital wards: A development and psychometric validation study
International journal of nursing studies advances
background objectives year 1 anno domini 1855 third plague major pandemics occurred average every 348 years since occurred average every 33 years coronavirus disease 2019 covid19 underway even though current technologies greatly improved way life human beings covid19 700000000 cases 6950000 deaths worldwide end 2023 reminds us much remains done report looks back 18 months covid19 march 2020 august 2021 aim highlighting potential solutions could help mitigate impact future pandemics materials methods covid19 data including case death reports extracted daily worldometer platform build database macroscopic analysis spread virus around world demographic data integrated covid19 database better understanding spatial spread sarscov2 virus citiesmunicipalities without loss generality data top 30 200 countries ranked total number covid19 cases analyzed statistics regression ttest p 005 correlation mean std etc carried excel software microsoft excel 2013 15055791001 spectral analysis using matlab software license number 227725 also used try better understand temporal spread covid19 results study showed covid19 mainly affects g20 countries citiesmunicipalities high population density powerful activator spread virus addition spectral analysis highlighted first months spread covid19 notable strong expansion sarscov2 virus hand following six months showed certain level stability mainly due multiple preventive measures confinement closure nonessential services wearing masks distancing 2 etc conclusion given densely populated cities municipal areas largely favored spread sarscov2 virus believed demographic context becoming societal problem developed countries must address manner adequate urgent covid19 made us understand time act preventatively curatively phenomenological evidence suggesting next pandemic could occur less 50 years may time launch new societal projects aimed relieving congestion densely populated regions