Jennifer Cunha, Ana Guimarães, Juliana Martins, Pedro Rosário
A Self-Regulation Intervention Conducted by Teachers in a Disadvantaged School Neighborhood: Implementers' and Observers' Perceptions of Its Impact on Elementary Students
Children (Basel, Switzerland)
physical aggression children major public health problem childhood physical aggression precursor physical mental health problems visited victims also aggressive children higher risk alcohol drug abuse accidents violent crimes depression suicide attempts spouse abuse neglectful abusive parenting furthermore violence commonly results serious injuries perpetrators although unusual young children harm seriously targets physical aggression studies physical aggression infancy indicate 17 months age large majority children physically aggressive toward siblings peers adults study aimed first identify trajectories physical aggression early childhood second identify antecedents high levels physical aggression early life antecedents could help understand better developmental origins violence later life identify targets preventive interventionsa random population sample 572 families 5monthold newborn recruited assessments physical aggression frequency obtained mothers 17 30 42 months birth using semiparametric mixture model distinct clusters physical aggression trajectories identified multivariate logit regression analysis used identify family child characteristics 5 months age predict individuals highlevel physical aggression trajectory 17 42 months birththree trajectories physical aggression identified first composed children displayed little physical aggression individuals estimated account approximately 28 sample largest group estimated approximately 58 sample followed rising trajectory modest aggression finally group estimated comprise approximately 14 sample followed rising trajectory high physical aggression best predictors birth high physical aggression trajectory group controlling levels risk factors young siblings odds ratio 400 confidence interval ci 2274 mothers high levels antisocial behavior end high school 31 ci 1186 mothers started children early 31 ci 1468 families low income 26 ci 1352 mothers smoked pregnancy 22 ci 1141 best predictors 5 months age mothers coercive parenting behavior 23 ci 1147 family dysfunction 22 ci 1241 highaggression trajectory 109 children whose mother reported high levels antisocial behavior early childbearingmost children initiated use physical aggression infancy learn use alternatives following years enter primary school humans seem learn regulate use physical aggression preschool years seem highest risk serious violent behavior adolescence adulthood results present study indicate children highest risk learning regulate physical aggression early childhood mothers history antisocial behavior school years mothers start childbearing early smoke pregnancy parents low income serious problems living together variables relatively easy measure pregnancy preventive interventions target families highrisk profiles variables experiments programs shown longterm impacts child abuse child antisocial behavior however impacts observed families physical violence problem may prevention programs provided specifically target parents control physical aggression skills teaching infant physically aggressive intervention programs prevent youth physical aggression targeted schoolage children children normally learn physically aggressive preschool years one would expect interventions target infants high risk chronic physical aggression would impact interventions 5 10 years later physical aggression become way life