Jieping Lei, Ke Huang, Sinan Wu, Jianying Xu, Yongjian Xu, Jianping Zhao, Xiangyan Zhang, Chunxue Bai, Yuanlin Song, Jian Kang, Pixin Ran, Yumin Zhou, Huahao Shen, Fuqiandg Wen, Kewu Huang, Yahong Chen, Wanzhen Yao, Tieying Sun, Yingxiang Lin, Jianguo Zhu, Guangliang Shan, Ting Yang, Chen Wang
Heterogeneities and impact profiles of early chronic obstructive pulmonary disease status: findings from the China Pulmonary Health Study
The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific
health experts recommend least 20 minutes seated lunch time children federal policy lunch period duration exists united states additional strategies national school lunch program mitigating food waste needed maintain viability healthy hungerfree kids act assess effect longer seated lunch time food consumption waste among elementary middle schoolage children randomized withinparticipant crossover trial conducted june 3 june 28 2019 total 20 study days attendees summer camp held university illinois urbanachampaign invited participate study participants elementary middle schoolage children provided every study day lunch prepared according national school lunch program nutrition standards five menus served throughout study 20minute 10minute seated lunch condition randomly assigned day within 5 menus primary outcomes food consumption waste dietary intake analyzed separately meal component fruit vegetable entree protein plus grain beverage milk water milk alone dietary intake assessed calories fat carbohydrates fiber protein vitamin calcium iron potassium participant behaviors observed meal including seated time well level talking phone use total 38 children 241 lunch trays observed 38 children mean sd age 1186 123 years 23 female participants 61 30 nonhispanicnonlatino ethnicity 79 23 white individuals 61 10 minutes seated lunch time participants consumed significantly less fruit 113 percentage points 95 ci 181 45 vegetables 141 percentage points 95 ci 227 57 compared 20 minutes seated lunch time entree beverage consumption waste differ 10minute 20minute seated lunch conditions participants also consumed significantly wasted significantly less calories 2203 kcal 95 ci 3947 461 kcal carbohydrates 381 g 95 ci 620 142 g dietary fiber 051 g 95 ci 081 019 g protein 111 g 95 ci 217 004 g iron 020 mg 95 ci 038 002 mg potassium 5349 mg 95 ci 8467 2232 mg 20minute seated lunch condition study found fruit vegetable consumption increased schoolage children 20minute seated lunch condition finding supports policies require children receive least 20 minutes seated lunch time policies could favorable implications childrens dietary intake food waste clinicaltrialsgov identifier nct04191291