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BMC public health
increase childhood obesity past several decades together associated health problems costs raising grave concern among health care professionals policy experts childrens advocates parents patricia anderson kristin butcher document trends childrens obesity examine possible underlying causes obesity epidemic begin reviewing research energy intake energy expenditure energy balance noting children eat empty calories expend fewer calories physical activity likely obese children next ask changed childrens environment past three decades upset energy balance equation particular examine changes food market built environment schools child care settings role parentspaying attention timing changes among changes affect childrens energy intake increasing availability energydense highcalorie foods drinks schools changes family particularly increase dualcareer singleparent working families may also increased demand food away home preprepared foods host factors also contributed reductions energy expenditure particular children today seem less likely walk school traveling cars early 1970s perhaps changes built environment finally children spend time viewing television using computers anderson butcher find one factor led increases childrens obesity rather many complementary changes simultaneously increased childrens energy intake decreased energy expenditure challenge formulating policies address childrens obesity learn best change environment affects childrens energy balance