Danika L Pfeiffer, Julie Feuerstein, Rebecca J Landa
Speech-Language Pathologists' Perceptions of Language and Literacy Instruction for Pre-K Children With Developmental Language Disorder
Language, speech, and hearing services in schools
study aimed test whether alcohol harm paradox ahp observed brazil investigating association educational attainment alcoholrelated consequences arc ii contribution average alcohol volume consumed avc pastmonth heavy episodic drinking hed smoking body mass index bmi depression accounting disparities arc analysed data 2019 brazilian national health survey nationally representative household survey composite arc outcome considered present individual reported pastyear episode activity failure amnesia concern others due alcohol consumption adjusted binary logistic regression models fitted using hierarchical approach calculate odds ratios respective 95 confidence intervals ci assess contribution set variables attenuating educational differences arc lowest educational strata incomplete elementary school exhibited higher odds arc counterparts 203 95 ci 173237 although smoking bmi depression attenuated educational gradient ie reduced difference reference riskier categories arc 13 adjustment avc hed amplified inequalities 03 57 respectively found evidence ahp brazil educational inequalities arc scarcely attenuated behavioural factors suppression effect noted adjusting avc hed