Nkengeh Tazinkeng, Joao Filipe Monteiro, Bill-Erich Mbianyor, Avis Anya Nowbuth, Monela Ntonifor, Claudia Evenge, Alick Nkhoma, Steven F Moss, Akwi W Asombang
Knowledge and approach towards Helicobacter pylori diagnosis and management among primary care physicians in Cameroon: a cross-sectional study
Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
breastfeeding main source nutrition first months life composition varies according parameters like mothers diet health living area number pregnancies lactation duration traceelements concentration breastmilk important parameter affect infants health growth immune system organ functions data available topic results often variable aim work determine reference values copper cu zinc zn selenium se cobalt co iron fe iodine human breastmilk according lactation duration study influencing parameters elementary composition regional human milk bank necker enfants malades hospital provided samples came breastfeeding woman involved voluntary milk donation epidemiologic data two hundred thirtytwo breastmilk analysed nitric acid mineralization milk samples cu zn se co determined inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry icpms standard mode fe measured inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy icpoes assays validated terms sensitivity repeatability accuracystudied breast milks came mothers average age 32 years donation time ranged one day childbirth 974 days 25 years mean lactation duration 59 days 8 weeks median duration 29 days around 4 weeks studied samples mean results reference values cu 602 1711323 zn 4386 731070 se 012 007024 029 007101 fe 472 1251149 moll co 1228 5272582 nmoll important number studied milks allowed distribution seven classes lactation durations samples divided four successive classes fifteen days childbirth two classes corresponding 3rd 4th months last class milks sampled 4 months lactation results analysed class allowing study evolution lactation particularly interesting zn presented important variability total population 4132 moll explained variation along lactation evolution decreasing 48 17 moll first last duration classes respectively addition cu fe concentrations also significantly correlated lactation duration se lesser extent p 0002 study present reference values studied trace elements different lactation stages allowing fine interpretation future breast milk samples results according sampling time continuing study plan increase number samples classes study influence premature birth twin pregnancy breast milk elementary composition