Sandra M Brown, Julie O Culver, Kathryn E Osann, Deborah J MacDonald, Sharon Sand, Andrea A Thornton, Marcia Grant, Deborah J Bowen, Kelly A Metcalfe, Harry B Burke, Mark E Robson, Susan Friedman, Jeffrey N Weitzel
Health literacy, numeracy, and interpretation of graphical breast cancer risk estimates
Patient education and counseling
many fields science still dominated men covid19 dramatically changed nature work including scientists lack access key resources transition online teaching scientists face pandemicrelated stressors common professions eg childcare eldercare many activities fall heavily women pandemic may exacerbated gender disparities science analyzed selfidentified gender corresponding author 119592 manuscripts 151 countries submitted january 2019 july 2021 institute physics iop portfolio 57 academic journals disciplines astronomy astrophysics bioscience environmental science materials mathematics physics interdisciplinary research consider differences country journal prepandemic versus pandemic periods gender selfidentified corresponding author 829 manuscripts n 99114 subset submissions gender manuscripts authors 821 male 178 female 008 nonbinary authors male countries countryspecific values range 001000 median 861 every journal journalspecific values range 637915 median 837 contribution female authors slightly higher pandemic 187 compared prepandemic 165 however prior pandemic percent submissions women increasing value slowed pandemic contrary hypothesis find manuscript submissions women decreased pandemic although rate increased submissions evident prior pandemic slowed prepandemic pandemic periods authorship overwhelmingly male journals countries fields research needed impacts pandemic measures scientific productivity eg accepted manuscripts teaching scientific position eg junior vs senior scholars well underlying gender imbalance persisted pandemic