Ling Liu, Shenhong Qu, Haiyun Zhao, Lingping Kong, Zhuzhu Xie, Zhichao Jiang, Pan Zou
Global trends and hotspots of ChatGPT in medical research: a bibliometric and visualized study
Frontiers in medicine
article delineates relatively unknown path history medical philosophy medical diagnosis concerned phenomenon vagueness physicians style thinking use fuzzy sets systems relations view create model reasoning physicians make diagnosis represents specific features medical ways thinking mentioned polish physician philosopher ludwik fleck 1926 paper links lotfi zadehs work system theory age fuzzy sets systemtheory concepts medical philosophy introduced philosopher mario bunge fuzzytheoretical analysis notions health illness disease iraniangerman physician philosopher kazem sadeghzadeh proposals apply fuzzy sets medicine based suggestion made zadeh symptoms diseases fuzzy nature fuzzy sets feasible represent entity classes medical knowledge yet attempts use fuzzy sets medicine selfcontained use approach contributed medical decisionmaking development computerassisted diagnosis medicine regard medical philosophy decisionmaking diagnosis framework fuzzy sets systems relations useful deal absence sharp boundaries sets symptoms diagnoses phenomena diseases foundations reasoning computer assistance medicine result rapid accumulation data medical research explosion knowledge medicine gave rise speculation computers could used medical diagnosis medicine became certain extent quantitative science second half 20th century medical knowledge started stored computer systems assist physicians medical decisionmaking patient care medical expert systems using theory fuzzy sets relations viennese fuzzy version computerassisted diagnostic system cadiag developed end 1970s constructed development fuzzy relations medicine application computerassisted diagnosis show fuzzy approach framework deal fuzzy mode thinking medicine