Tambri Housen|Annick Lenglet|Cono Ariti|Showkat Shah|Helal Shah|Shabnum Ara|Kerri Viney|Simon Janes|Giovanni Pintaldi
Prevalence of anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder in the Kashmir Valley
Australian National University|Médecins Sans Frontières?|Public Health Department|London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine|University of Kashmir|Médecins Sans Frontières?|Médecins Sans Frontières?|Australian National University|Médecins Sans Frontières?|Public Health Department
h3backgroundh3 following partition india 1947 kashmir valley subject continual political insecurity ongoing conflict region remains highly militarised conducted representative crosssectional populationbased survey adults estimate prevalence predictors anxiety depression posttraumatic stress disorder ptsd 10 districts kashmir valley h3methodsh3 october december 2015 interviewed 5519 5600 invited participants 18 years age randomly sampled using probability proportional size cluster sampling design estimated prevalence probable psychological disorder using hopkins symptom checklist hscl25 harvard trauma questionnaire htq16 screening instruments culturally adapted translated data weighted account sampling design multivariate logistic regression analysis conducted identify risk factors developing symptoms psychological distress h3findingsh3 estimated prevalence mental distress adults kashmir valley 45 95 ci 426 470 identified 41 95 ci 392 434 adults probable depression 26 95 ci 238 275 probable anxiety 19 95 ci 175 212 probable ptsd three disorders associated following characteristics female 55 years age formal education living rural area widoweddivorced separated doseresponse association found number traumatic events experienced witnessed three mental disorders h3interpretationh3 implementation mental health awareness programmes interventions aimed high risk groups addressing traumarelated symptoms causes needed kashmir valley