Yingfeng Zheng|Ecosse L. Lamoureux|Pei-Chia Peggy Chiang|Ainur Rahman Anuar|Jie Ding|Jie Jin Wang|Paul Mitchell|E. Shyong Tai|Tien Yin Wong
Language barrier and its relationship to diabetes and diabetic retinopathy
Singapore Eye Research Institute|Singapore National Eye Center|Singapore National Eye Center|Singapore Eye Research Institute|Singapore National Eye Center|Singapore Eye Research Institute|Singapore National Eye Center|Singapore Eye Research Institute|Singapore National Eye Center|Singapore Eye Research Institute|Centre for Eye Research Australia|University of Melbourne|Westmead Institute|University of Sydney|National University of Singapore|Centre for Eye Research Australia|University of Melbourne
language barrier important determinant health care access health examined associations english proficiency type2 diabetes t2dm diabetic retinopathy dr asian indians living singapore urban city english predominant language communicationthis populationbased crosssectional study t2dm defined hba1c 65 use diabetic medication physician diagnosis diabetes retinal photographs graded severity dr including visionthreatening dr vtdr presenting visual impairment vi defined logmar visual acuity 030 betterseeing eye english proficiency time interview assessedthe analyses included 2289 721 englishspeaking 885 279 tamilspeaking indians tamilspeaking indians significantly higher prevalence t2dm 462 vs 347 p 0001 among diabetes higher prevalence dr 360 vs 306 p 0001 vtdr 110 vs 65 p 0001 vi 324 vs 146 english speaking indians oaxaca decomposition analyses showed languagerelated discrepancies defined difference prevalence persons speaking different languages t2dm dr vtdr could fully explained socioeconomic measuresin english dominant society tamilspeaking indians likely t2dm diabetic retinopathy social policies health interventions address languagerelated health disparities may help reduce public health impact t2dm societies heterogeneous populations