Viral hemorrhagic fevers (VHFs) are caused by several families of enveloped RNA viruses, including:
Filoviruses, such as Ebola and Marburg viruses Arenaviruses, such as Lassa fever, Lujo, Guanarito, Machupo, Junin, Sabia, and Chapare viruses Bunyaviruses, such as Rift Valley fever (RVF), Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF Hantaviruses Flaviviruses, such as dengue, yellow fever, Omsk hemorrhagic fever, Kyasanur Forest disease, and Alkhurma viruses
These families of viruses share some common features, including:
Are all RNA viruses, and all are covered, or enveloped, in a fatty coating The survival of the virus depends on an animal or insect host (natural reservoir) The viruses are restricted to their hosts' area The virus has human and animal hosts Humans can transmit the virus among them Outbreaks of theses viruses occur rarely and are not possible to predict There is generally no cure or established treatment for VHFs Seldom other viruses and bacteria can cause a hemorrhagic fever, such as scrub typhus
The virus responsible for the VHF may be transmitted through:
Contact with urine, fecal matter, saliva, or other body excretions from infected rodents Mosquito or tick bites When crushing a tick. Some of these vectors may spread the virus to animals, which will then transmit it to humans Person-to-person (Ebola, Margurg or Lassa), through direct contact or through infected surfaces
What causes Viral hemorrhagic fever?
Viral hemorrhagic fevers (VHFs) are caused by several families of enveloped {{ORGANIZATION}} viruses, including:
Filoviruses, such as Ebola and {{NAME}} viruses Arenaviruses, such as {{NAME}} fever, {{NAME}}, Guanarito, {{ORGANIZATION}}, Junin, Sabia, and Chapare viruses Bunyaviruses, such as Rift Valley fever ({{ORGANIZATION}}), {{ORGANIZATION}} hemorrhagic fever (CCHF Hantaviruses Flaviviruses, such as dengue, yellow fever, {{NAME}} hemorrhagic fever, {{ORGANIZATION}} disease, and {{NAME}} viruses
These families of viruses share some common features, including:
Are all {{ORGANIZATION}} viruses, and all are covered, or enveloped, in a fatty coating The survival of the virus depends on an animal or insect host (natural reservoir) The viruses are restricted to their hosts' area The virus has human and animal hosts Humans can transmit the virus among them Outbreaks of theses viruses occur rarely and are not possible to predict There is generally no cure or established treatment for VHFs Seldom other viruses and bacteria can cause a hemorrhagic fever, such as scrub typhus
The virus responsible for the {{ORGANIZATION}} may be transmitted through:
Contact with urine, fecal matter, saliva, or other body excretions from infected rodents {{NAME}} or tick bites When crushing a tick. Some of these vectors may spread the virus to animals, which will then transmit it to humans Person-to-person (Ebola, Margurg or {{NAME}}), through direct contact or through infected surfaces