Structure-activity relationship study of novel 2-aminobenzofuran derivatives as P-glycoprotein inhibitors.
Treatment of cancer patients with chemotherapeutic drugs is often associated with the occurrence of tumors with a multidrug resistance (MDR). Furthermore, the relation between overexpression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and resistant cancers has been well established. In this study, novel 2-aminobenzofuran derivatives were synthesized and tested for their ability to modulate P-gp mediated multidrug resistance (MDR) in vitro. The most potent compound, 43, increased P-gp inhibitory activity at 5 μM by 11.12-fold and was 3.6-fold stronger than verapamil. Furthermore, 43 can sensitize Flp-In™-293/MDR cells toward vincristine, paclitaxel and doxorubicin by 17.95-fold, 13.68-fold and 26.43-fold at 2.5 μM, respectively. 43 also can sensitize the resistant cancer cell line KBvin toward vincristine, paclitaxel and doxorubicin by 246.43-fold, 38.72-fold and 5.16-fold at 2.5 μM, respectively. In conclusion, important aspects for developing potent P-gp inhibitors have been emphasized in this study, providing a starting point for the further structural optimization of P-gp inhibitors.