We identify theoretically-related external criteria for each Big Five trait as follows.
Positive and negative emotions are external criteria known psychology to be related to
extraversion and neuroticism [103]. Across decades of human research, aggression is
known to be negatively correlated with agreeableness [104, 105]. Creativity is a known
external correlate of openness [106, 107]. In the meta-analytic literature, human values
of achievement, conformity, and security, defined by [108], are positively related to
conscientiousness [109, 110]. Accordingly, we choose the following criterion measures
(summarized in Table 2) to assess these constructs.
PersonalityTraitsinLargeLanguageModels