2.3 Social Attitudes Towards Performance-Enhancing Technologies
Psychology and medicine have extensively studied attitudes towards performance-enhancing non-digital tech-
nologies and found that they vary greatly depending on the context [18]. For instance, the use of performance-
enhancing drugs in sports has been a source of disagreement for many years. It has been reported that society, at
different layers, have markedly different attitudes towards enhancing supplements, depending on their social
affiliations to specific groups [12]. Dijkstra and Schuijff [24] found a widespread attitude of mild disapproval to
strong disapproval of using enhancement technologies for applications other than medical treatment. Moreover,
their findings suggest that the acceptability of enhancement use is dependent on the motivation behind it, with

Proc. ACM Interact. Mob. Wearable Ubiquitous Technol., Vol. 7, No. 3, Article 128. Publication date: September 2023.

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• Villa et al.
Society’sAttitudesTowardsHumanAugmentation