The Next Decade in AI: 

Four Steps Towards Robust Artificial Intelligence 

Gary Marcus 

Robust AI 

17 February 2020 

 

 
 
 
 

 

 

 

 

 

Abstract 

Recent research in artificial intelligence and machine 
learning has largely emphasized general-purpose 
learning and ever-larger training sets and more and 
more compute.  

In contrast, I propose a hybrid, knowledge-driven, 
reasoning-based approach, centered around cognitive 
models, that could provide the substrate for a richer, 
more robust AI than is currently possible. 

 

THE NEXT DECADE IN AI / GARY MARCUS 

Table of Contents 

1. Towards robust artificial intelligence 
2. A hybrid, knowledge-driven, cognitive-model-based approach 
2.1. Hybrid architecture 
2.2. Large-scale knowledge, some of which is abstract and causal 

2.3. Reasoning 

2.4. Cognitive models 

3. Discussion 
3.1. Towards an intelligence framed around enduring, abstract 

 knowledge 

3.2 Is there anything else we can do?
The Next Decade in AI-