bad outcome. Virtue ethics emphasizes the importance of developing and embodying moral
virtues or character traits, such as honesty, courage, and compassion. It emphasizes the idea
that morality is not just about what we do, but also about who we are. To illustrate how these
ethical theories might apply to a speciﬁc ethical dilemma, consider the following scenario: A
doctor has only one dose of a life-saving medication, and there are two patients who need it
urgently. Patient A is elderly and has multiple health problems, while patient B is a young
child with no other health issues. A consequentialist might argue that the moral action is to
give the medication to the patient who will beneﬁt the most, in terms of maximizing overall
well-being or minimizing overall harm. In this case, the young child would likely be given the
medication, since they have a longer life expectancy and less potential for complications. A
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