loudnessdB = 20 · log10

(cid:18) loudnessRM S

(cid:19)

32767

loudnesstransf ormed = 10loudnessdB /20

(1)

(2)

where 0 dB is represented as 1 and negative dB values are mapped to values

between 0 and 1. This transformation process ensures a precise and consistent

measurement of loudness given that decibels align more closely with the human

perception of loudness, and mapping these values to a 0-1 scale further enhances

the interpretability of the loudness value.

3.1.3. Chords

We extracted chord sequences from the audio files by using the Transformer-

based chord recognition model by Park et al. (2019). One chord was detected per

window of length 1s. This model achieves weighted chord symbol recall (WCSR)

scores of 83.5%, 80.8%, 75.9%, 71.8%, 65.5%, 82.3%, and 80.8%, respectively for

the mir eval metrics (Raffel et al., 2014) of the Root, Thirds, Triads, Sevenths,

Tetrads, Maj-min, and MIREX categories. These scores are acceptable or our

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Video2Music