(zn, τ ) + (1 − w)(cid:15)(n)

(zn, τ ) = w(cid:15)(n)

(zn).

ˆ(cid:15)(n)
θ

θ

θ

We also trained a model for which the text guidance was randomly dropped for 10% of the samples
during training. We found this model to perform equivalently to a model for which text guidance
was always used for all samples.

2.5 Audio VAE and Vocoder
Text-to-Audio Generation using Instruction-Tuned LLM and Latent Diffusion Model