3.2 Participants
We recruited a nationally representative US sample of 1,500 adults aged 18+ years in Prolific (maximum sample size).
One revoked consent, two were bots, and two failed an attention check. Excluding these, we analyzed data from
1,495 participants. They declared their gender as male (721), female (760), non-binary/diverse (11), self-described as
agender (1), and two preferred not to disclose. We only analyzed participants declaring to be male or female because
the numbers of other genders were too low for reliable numeric assessments; however, the OSF repository includes
a descriptive summary of LLM usage. Ethnicity, according to the simple ethnic groups defined by the UK Office of
National Statistics [12], was White (1167), Black (190), Asian (87), Mixed (29), and Other (22), also see OSF for a summary.
They self-reported their education level as “Some high school or less” (6), “High school diploma or GED” (181), “Some
Adoptionand AppropriationofLLMs