1.  Active parenting. Firstly, like a toddler learning to walk, Human guidance is when parents 
say “no” or redirect a toddler attempting something dangerous. With a parent agent that is 
knowledgeable of the dangerous states, it can provide guidance to an AI agent. When the AI 
agent attempts to go to a dangerous state, the parent agent with the knowledge of the 
dangerous set will forbid the AI agent to do so.  

2.  Active learning. Secondly, the parent agent does not proactively provide guidance to the AI 

agent but only helps when the AI agent asks for it. The AI agent will have two policies, one 
policy is for decision making, and the other policy is for generating decisions of whether it 
should ask parents for guidance.
informatics-phd-projects-2022-23