1) LONG SHORT-TERM MEMORY (LSTM)
LSTM models are front runners in NLP problems. LSTM is
an artiﬁcial recurrent neural network framework used in deep
learning. LSTM is a progressed variation of RNN [41]. RNNs
are not capable of learning long-term dependencies because
back-propagation in recurrent networks takes a while, partic-
ularly for the evolving backﬂow of blunder. However, LSTM
can keep ‘‘Short Term Memories’’ for ‘‘Long periods.’’ The
LSTM is made up of three gates: an input gate, an output
gate, a forget gate, and a cell. Through a combination of the
three, it calculates the hidden state. The cell can recall values
over a large time interval. The word’s connection within the

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M. F. Mridha et al.: Comprehensive Review on Fake News Detection With Deep Learning
A_Comprehensive_Review_on_Fake_News_Detection_With_Deep_Learning