GM has initiated criminal investigations in Germany and the US on the basis of their suspicions that Mr Lopez and his team stole confidential information before defecting to VW in March.
Lopez has not been charged with any wrongdoing.
Lopez had been charged with criminal offences which are wrongdoings.
( z1 charge :polarity - :ARG1 ( z2 person :name ( z3 name :op "Lopez" ) ) :ARG2 ( z4 thing :ARG1-of ( z5 wrong ) :mod ( z6 any ) ) )