THE THEMATIC ASSESSMENT REPORT ON INVASIVE ALIEN SPECIES AND THEIR CONTROL
39SUMMARY FOR POLICYMAKERS
systems (tree roots) that support the strategic actions (branches) to be achieved. Together, the properties and actions will bring 
about the step change needed for effective and sustainable management of biological invasions. Integrated governance for biological 
invasions reinforces the enabling conditions identified as necessary to fulfil the 2030 mission of the Kunming-Montreal Global 
Biodiversity Framework. An integrated governance approach activates specific strategic actions that promote transformative change 
to meet the goals of preventing and controlling biological invasions.
The strategic actions are:
1. Enhance coordination and collaboration across international and regional mechanisms.
2. Develop and adopt effective and achievable national implementation strategies.
3. Share efforts, commitments and understanding of the specific roles of all actors.
4. Improve policy coherence.
5. Engage broadly across governmental sectors, industry, the scientific community, Indigenous Peoples and local communities and 
the wider public.
6. Support, fund and mobilize resources for innovation, research and environmentally sound technology.
7. Support information systems, infrastructures and data sharing.
The proposed strategic actions are enabled when the system-wide properties of governance (roots) are robust, equitable and 
inclusive, responsive and focused on effective implementation. The numbers on the branches do not imply a ranking.
governance systems that enable integrated governance 
(Figure SPM.7), while the importance of contextappropriate solutions is acknowledged (established but 
incomplete) {6.2.3, 6.7.3}.
D26 One of the most effective ways to manage 
biological invasions is to develop coherent policy 
instruments that reinforce strategic actions across 
sectors and scales (established but incomplete)
{6.3.1, 6.3.2, 6.5.4}. Many policy instruments aimed at 
preventing the introduction of invasive alien species have 
been adopted, including multilateral agreements, national 
laws, multi-level regulations and voluntary codes of conduct 
(well established) {6.1.2, 6.3.1}. They have jointly 
contributed to reducing the impacts of invasive alien species 
on nature, nature's contributions to people, and good quality 
of life (established but incomplete) {5.5.1, 6.1.3}. The work 
under various relevant international organizations, 
partnerships and multilateral environmental agreements 
(e.g., the Convention on Biological Diversity, the World Trade 
Organization, the International Maritime Organization, the 
International Plant Protection Convention, the World 
Organisation for Animal Health, the Convention on the 
Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals and the 
Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of 
Wild Fauna and Flora) is not adequately aligned to address 
the problem posed by invasive alien species (well 
established) {6.3.1.3, 6.3.1.4}. Enhanced coordination and 
collaboration across international and regional mechanisms 
are key strategic actions for rapid and transformative 
progress (established but incomplete) {6.7.2.1} and could 
help international, national and local agencies that 
implement policies for the environment, agriculture, 
aquaculture, fishing, forestry, horticulture, border control, 
tourism and trade (e.g., in wildlife, but also including online 
trade in other animals, plants and other organisms), 
community and regional development (including 
infrastructure), transportation and health deliver a coherent 
approach to biological invasions (well established) {6.3.1.1}. 
Such coordination and collaboration efforts would consider 
the trade-offs across sectors {6.3.1.1(2), 6.3.1.3}, 
stakeholders and Indigenous Peoples and local communities 
{1.5.1}, and the interdependence between invasive alien 
species and other drivers (established but incomplete)
{3.1.1, 3.1.5, 6.2.3.2, 6.7.2.2}. Collaborative, multisectoral 
and transdisciplinary approaches (such as One Health) 
provide frameworks to prevent and control invasive alien 
species by strengthening the interconnections between the 
human, animal, plant and environmental health sectors, 
including biosecurity (e.g., as outlined in the One Biosecurity 
framework among others) (established but incomplete)
{1.6.7.2, 6.3.1, 6.7.2.2}.
D27 National-scale strategies and action plans are 
instrumental to successfully managing biological 
invasions as part of a context-specific integrated 
governance approach (well established) {6.2.3.2, 
6.3.2.1, 6.7.2.3}. The national strategies and action plans 
could be developed or updated to align with and implement 
the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, 
particularly Target 6, as well as other relevant international 
guidelines for sustainable development, through aspirational, 
ambitious and realistic approaches (well established) {6.1.2, 
6.2.3.2, 6.3.2.1, 6.6.3, 6.7.2.3}. Coordinated efforts to 
strengthen national regulatory instruments, including for the 
regulation of online trade {6.3.1.4(3)}, are key to reducing 
the transport and introduction of invasive alien species 
(established but incomplete) {6.3.1.1, 6.7.2.1}. Voluntary 
39SUMMARY FOR POLICYMAKERS
19SUMMARY FOR POLICYMAKERS
BACKGROUND
e SPM 7 Integrated governance of biological invasions.