D30 Indigenous Peoples and local communities 
have invaluable knowledge systems that could 
contribute to addressing biological invasions 
(established but incomplete) {Box 4.18, 5.5.3, 5.5.4, 
6.4.3.2}, yet their lack of land tenure and access 
rights can limit the extent to which they are able to 
take action (well established) {3.2.5, 6.4.3.1}.
Indigenous Peoples and local communities can be partners 
in co-developing policies and strategies to address 
biological invasions while giving consideration to the 
challenge of conflicting perceptions and values in order to 
achieve consensus on management actions (established but 
incomplete) {5.6.1.2, 6.2.3.3, 6.4.3.1}. Participation of 
Indigenous Peoples and local communities can be 
enhanced with sufficient legal, political and financial support 
(well established) {6.4.3, Box 6.16}. Successful strategies 
respect the knowledge, priorities and rights of Indigenous 
Peoples and local communities, including customary 
governance systems, in accordance with national legislation 
(established but incomplete) {5.1.3, 5.2.1, 5.6.2, 6.4.3}. In 
cases where the impact of invasive alien species on the 
quality of life of Indigenous Peoples and local communities is 
unavoidable, those communities need ongoing support and 
SUMMARY FOR POLICYMAKERS
19SUMMARY FOR POLICYMAKERS
BACKGROUND
e SPM 7 Integrated governance of biological invasions.