D29 Public awareness and engagement contribute 
to the effective management of biological 
invasions (well established) {5.6.2.1, 6.2.2(9), 
6.3.1.4, 6.4.1, 6.6.2.1, 6.7}. Public understanding of the 
risks associated with invasive alien species is particularly 
important for preventing new introductions (well 
established) {6.2.2(9), 6.4.1}. Increased understanding of 
possible biological invasions and the negative impacts of 
invasive alien species can be achieved through public 
awareness campaigns {Box 6.11, 6.7.2.5}, education 
across all age groups {6.7.2.4} and citizen science 
(established but incomplete) {5.4.2.2.a, 6.6.2.1}. 
Engagement of the general public via citizen science 
platforms, awareness campaigns and community-driven 
eradication campaigns also contributes to establishing 
shared responsibilities for managing biological invasions 
(established but incomplete) {6.7.2.5}. Surveillance for 
detecting invasive alien species through citizen science and 
social media provides broader security by empowering and 
engaging the public (established but incomplete) {5.4.2.1.a, 
5.4.2.2.a, 6.6.2.1}. Communication is an effective tool for 
inspiring collective action to monitor and control invasive 
alien species {6.2.3.1(4), 6.2.3.4, 6.4.4.4} by supporting the 
co-design of management actions, knowledge exchange 
and enhanced partnerships among stakeholders and 
researchers (established but incomplete) {6.2.3.3, 6.4.4.3}. 
It can also enable alignment of resource managers' 
responses with national plans and policy priorities (well 
established) {6.3.1.3, 6.3.2.1}. An effective communications 
strategy considers the most appropriate timing, media and 
channels/interfaces for the target audience (established but 
incomplete) {Box 6.13, 6.6.2.6}.
SUMMARY FOR POLICYMAKERS
19SUMMARY FOR POLICYMAKERS
BACKGROUND
e SPM 7 Integrated governance of biological invasions.