OBJECTIVES MANAGEMENT ACTIONS TERRESTRIAL AND CLOSED 
WATER SYSTEMS
MARINE AND CONNECTED 
WATER SYSTEMS
Current availabilityEase of useEffectivenessCurrentavailabilityEase of useEffectiveness
Prevention and 
preparedness
Horizon scanning
Import controls and border 
biosecurity
Pathway management
Risk analysis
Early detection Surveillance
Diagnostics
Eradication Physical eradicationa
Chemical eradicationa
Adaptive management
Containment 
and control
Physical controla
Chemical controla
Biological controla
Adaptive management
Ecosystem 
restoration Adaptive management
Public 
understanding Public engagement
Column values
Hashed boxes indicate a low level
of confidence in the assessment
Crossed boxes indicate no data was
available to perform an assessment
THE THEMATIC ASSESSMENT REPORT ON INVASIVE ALIEN SPECIES AND THEIR CONTROL
19SUMMARY FOR POLICYMAKERS
BACKGROUND
Table SPM 1 Objectives and actions for managing biological invasions. 