An End-to-End Coding Scheme for DNA-Based Data Storage With Nanopore-Sequenced Reads
<|reference_start|>An End-to-End Coding Scheme for DNA-Based Data Storage With Nanopore-Sequenced Reads: We consider error-correcting coding for deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-based storage using nanopore sequencing. We model the DNA storage channel as a sampling noise channel where the input data is chunked into $M$ short DNA strands, which are copied a random number of times, and the channel outputs a random selection of $N$ noisy DNA strands. The retrieved DNA reads are prone to strand-dependent insertion, deletion, and substitution (IDS) errors. We construct an index-based concatenated coding scheme consisting of the concatenation of an outer code, an index code, and an inner code. We further propose a low-complexity (linear in $N$) maximum a posteriori probability decoder that takes into account the strand-dependent IDS errors and the randomness of the drawing to infer symbolwise a posteriori probabilities for the outer decoder. We present Monte-Carlo simulations for information-outage probabilities and frame error rates for different channel setups on experimental data. We finally evaluate the overall system performance using the read/write cost trade-off. A powerful combination of tailored channel modeling and soft information processing allows us to achieve excellent performance even with error-prone nanopore-sequenced reads outperforming state-of-the-art schemes.%<|reference_end|>
@article{welter2024an,
    title={An End-to-End Coding Scheme for DNA-Based Data Storage With
  Nanopore-Sequenced Reads},
    author={Lorenz Welter, Roman Sokolovskii, Thomas Heinis, Antonia Wachter-Zeh,
  Eirik Rosnes, Alexandre Graell i Amat},
    journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2406.12955},
    year={2024},
    archivePrefix={arXiv},
    eprint={2406.12955},
    primaryClass={cs.IT math.IT}
}