S-box Security Analysis of NIST Lightweight Cryptography Candidates: A Critical Empirical Study
<|reference_start|>S-box Security Analysis of NIST Lightweight Cryptography Candidates: A Critical Empirical Study: In the resource-constrained world of the digital landscape, lightweight cryptography plays a critical role in safeguarding information and ensuring the security of various systems, devices, and communication channels. Its efficient and resource-friendly nature makes it the ideal solution for applications where computational power is limited. In response to the growing need for platform-specific implementations, NIST issued a call for standardization of Lightweight cryptography algorithms in 2018. Ascon emerged as the winner of this competition. NIST initially established general evaluation criteria for a standard lightweight scheme including security strength, mitigation against side-channel and fault-injection attacks, and implementation efficiency. To verify the security claims, evaluating the individual components used in any cryptographic algorithm is a crucial step. The quality of a substitution box (S-box) significantly impacts the overall security of a cryptographic primitive. This paper analyzes the S-boxes of six finalists in the NIST Lightweight Cryptography (LWC) standardization process. We evaluate them based on well-established cryptographic properties. Our analysis explores how these properties influence the S-boxes' resistance against known cryptanalytic attacks and potential implementation-specific vulnerabilities, thus reflecting on their compliance with NIST's security requirements.<|reference_end|>
@article{naseer2024s-box,
    title={S-box Security Analysis of NIST Lightweight Cryptography Candidates: A
  Critical Empirical Study},
    author={Mahnoor Naseer, Sundas Tariq, Naveed Riaz, Naveed Ahmed, Mureed
  Hussain},
    journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2404.06094},
    year={2024},
    archivePrefix={arXiv},
    eprint={2404.06094},
    primaryClass={cs.CR}
}