Human-Agent Cooperation in Games under Incomplete Information through Natural Language Communication
<|reference_start|>Human-Agent Cooperation in Games under Incomplete Information through Natural Language Communication: Developing autonomous agents that can strategize and cooperate with humans under information asymmetry is challenging without effective communication in natural language. We introduce a shared-control game, where two players collectively control a token in alternating turns to achieve a common objective under incomplete information. We formulate a policy synthesis problem for an autonomous agent in this game with a human as the other player. To solve this problem, we propose a communication-based approach comprising a language module and a planning module. The language module translates natural language messages into and from a finite set of flags, a compact representation defined to capture player intents. The planning module leverages these flags to compute a policy using an asymmetric information-set Monte Carlo tree search with flag exchange algorithm we present. We evaluate the effectiveness of this approach in a testbed based on Gnomes at Night, a search-and-find maze board game. Results of human subject experiments show that communication narrows the information gap between players and enhances human-agent cooperation efficiency with fewer turns.<|reference_end|>
@article{chen2024human-agent,
    title={Human-Agent Cooperation in Games under Incomplete Information through
  Natural Language Communication},
    author={Shenghui Chen, Daniel Fried, Ufuk Topcu},
    journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2405.14173},
    year={2024},
    archivePrefix={arXiv},
    eprint={2405.14173},
    primaryClass={cs.AI cs.HC}
}