Larger Nearly Orthogonal Sets over Finite Fields
<|reference_start|>Larger Nearly Orthogonal Sets over Finite Fields: For a field $\mathbb{F}$ and integers $d$ and $k$, a set ${\cal A} \subseteq \mathbb{F}^d$ is called $k$-nearly orthogonal if its members are non-self-orthogonal and every $k+1$ vectors of ${\cal A}$ include an orthogonal pair. We prove that for every prime $p$ there exists some $\delta = \delta(p)>0$, such that for every field $\mathbb{F}$ of characteristic $p$ and for all integers $k \geq 2$ and $d \geq k$, there exists a $k$-nearly orthogonal set of at least $d^{\delta \cdot k/\log k}$ vectors of $\mathbb{F}^d$. The size of the set is optimal up to the $\log k$ term in the exponent. We further prove two extensions of this result. In the first, we provide a large set ${\cal A}$ of non-self-orthogonal vectors of $\mathbb{F}^d$ such that for every two subsets of ${\cal A}$ of size $k+1$ each, some vector of one of the subsets is orthogonal to some vector of the other. In the second extension, every $k+1$ vectors of the produced set ${\cal A}$ include $\ell+1$ pairwise orthogonal vectors for an arbitrary fixed integer $1 \leq \ell \leq k$. The proofs involve probabilistic and spectral arguments and the hypergraph container method.<|reference_end|>
@article{haviv2024larger,
    title={Larger Nearly Orthogonal Sets over Finite Fields},
    author={Ishay Haviv, Sam Mattheus, Aleksa Milojevi'c, Yuval Wigderson},
    journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2404.01057},
    year={2024},
    archivePrefix={arXiv},
    eprint={2404.01057},
    primaryClass={math.CO cs.CG cs.DM}
}