Zero-Knowledge Proof of Distinct Identity: a Standard-compatible Sybil-resistant Pseudonym Extension for C-ITS
<|reference_start|>Zero-Knowledge Proof of Distinct Identity: a Standard-compatible Sybil-resistant Pseudonym Extension for C-ITS: Pseudonyms are widely used in Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems (C-ITS) to protect the location privacy of vehicles. However, the unlinkability nature of pseudonyms also enables Sybil attacks, where a malicious vehicle can pretend to be multiple vehicles at the same time. In this paper, we propose a novel protocol called zero-knowledge Proof of Distinct Identity (zk-PoDI,) which allows a vehicle to prove that it is not the owner of another pseudonym in the local area, without revealing its actual identity. Zk-PoDI is based on the Diophantine equation and zk-SNARK, and does not rely on any specific pseudonym design or infrastructure assistance. We show that zk-PoDI satisfies all the requirements for a practical Sybil-resistance pseudonym system, and it has low latency, adjustable difficulty, moderate computation overhead, and negligible communication cost. We also discuss the future work of implementing and evaluating zk-PoDI in a realistic city-scale simulation environment.<|reference_end|>
@article{tao2024zero-knowledge,
    title={Zero-Knowledge Proof of Distinct Identity: a Standard-compatible
  Sybil-resistant Pseudonym Extension for C-ITS},
    author={Ye Tao, Hongyi Wu, Ehsan Javanmardi, Manabu Tsukada and Hiroshi Esaki},
    journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2403.14020},
    year={2024},
    archivePrefix={arXiv},
    eprint={2403.14020},
    primaryClass={cs.CR cs.NI}
}