ADF95: Tool for automatic differentiation of a FORTRAN code designed for large numbers of independent variables
<|reference_start|>ADF95: Tool for automatic differentiation of a FORTRAN code designed for large numbers of independent variables: ADF95 is a tool to automatically calculate numerical first derivatives for any mathematical expression as a function of user defined independent variables. Accuracy of derivatives is achieved within machine precision. ADF95 may be applied to any FORTRAN 77/90/95 conforming code and requires minimal changes by the user. It provides a new derived data type that holds the value and derivatives and applies forward differencing by overloading all FORTRAN operators and intrinsic functions. An efficient indexing technique leads to a reduced memory usage and a substantially increased performance gain over other available tools with operator overloading. This gain is especially pronounced for sparse systems with large number of independent variables. A wide class of numerical simulations, e.g., those employing implicit solvers, can profit from ADF95.<|reference_end|>
@article{straka2005adf95:,
    title={ADF95: Tool for automatic differentiation of a FORTRAN code designed for
  large numbers of independent variables},
    author={Christian W. Straka},
    journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:cs/0503014},
    year={2005},
    doi={10.1016/j.cpc.2005.01.011},
    archivePrefix={arXiv},
    eprint={cs/0503014},
    primaryClass={cs.MS}
}