A Systematic Construction Approach for All $4\times 4$ Involutory MDS Matrices
<|reference_start|>A Systematic Construction Approach for All $4\times 4$ Involutory MDS Matrices: Maximum distance separable (MDS) matrices play a crucial role not only in coding theory but also in the design of block ciphers and hash functions. Of particular interest are involutory MDS matrices, which facilitate the use of a single circuit for both encryption and decryption in hardware implementations. In this article, we present several characterizations of involutory MDS matrices of even order. Additionally, we introduce a new matrix form for obtaining all involutory MDS matrices of even order and compare it with other matrix forms available in the literature. We then propose a technique to systematically construct all $4 \times 4$ involutory MDS matrices over a finite field $\mathbb{F}_{2^m}$. This method significantly reduces the search space by focusing on involutory MDS class representative matrices, leading to the generation of all such matrices within a substantially smaller set compared to considering all $4 \times 4$ involutory matrices. Specifically, our approach involves searching for these representative matrices within a set of cardinality $(2^m-1)^5$. Through this method, we provide an explicit enumeration of the total number of $4 \times 4$ involutory MDS matrices over $\mathbb{F}_{2^m}$ for $m=3,4,\ldots,8$.<|reference_end|>
@article{kumar2024a,
    title={A Systematic Construction Approach for All $4\times 4$ Involutory MDS
  Matrices},
    author={Yogesh Kumar, P.R.Mishra, Susanta Samanta, Atul Gaur},
    journal={Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computing, 14 Jun 2024},
    year={2024},
    doi={10.1007/s12190-024-02142-z},
    archivePrefix={arXiv},
    eprint={2404.08250},
    primaryClass={cs.CR}
}