Semantically Diverse Language Generation for Uncertainty Estimation in Language Models
<|reference_start|>Semantically Diverse Language Generation for Uncertainty Estimation in Language Models: Large language models (LLMs) can suffer from hallucinations when generating text. These hallucinations impede various applications in society and industry by making LLMs untrustworthy. Current LLMs generate text in an autoregressive fashion by predicting and appending text tokens. When an LLM is uncertain about the semantic meaning of the next tokens to generate, it is likely to start hallucinating. Thus, it has been suggested that hallucinations stem from predictive uncertainty. We introduce Semantically Diverse Language Generation (SDLG) to quantify predictive uncertainty in LLMs. SDLG steers the LLM to generate semantically diverse yet likely alternatives for an initially generated text. This approach provides a precise measure of aleatoric semantic uncertainty, detecting whether the initial text is likely to be hallucinated. Experiments on question-answering tasks demonstrate that SDLG consistently outperforms existing methods while being the most computationally efficient, setting a new standard for uncertainty estimation in LLMs.<|reference_end|>
@article{aichberger2024semantically,
    title={Semantically Diverse Language Generation for Uncertainty Estimation in
  Language Models},
    author={Lukas Aichberger, Kajetan Schweighofer, Mykyta Ielanskyi, Sepp
  Hochreiter},
    journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2406.04306},
    year={2024},
    archivePrefix={arXiv},
    eprint={2406.04306},
    primaryClass={cs.LG cs.AI}
}