Investigating the Effect of Operation Mode and Manifestation on Physicalizations of Dynamic Processes
<|reference_start|>Investigating the Effect of Operation Mode and Manifestation on Physicalizations of Dynamic Processes: We conducted a study to systematically investigate the communication of complex dynamic processes along a two-dimensional design space, where the axes represent a representation's manifestation (physical or virtual) and operation (manual or automatic). We exemplify the design space on a model embodying cardiovascular pathologies, represented by a mechanism where a liquid is pumped into a draining vessel, with complications illustrated through modifications to the model. The results of a mixed-methods lab study with 28 participants show that both physical manifestation and manual operation have a strong positive impact on the audience's engagement. The study does not show a measurable knowledge increase with respect to cardiovascular pathologies using manually operated physical representations. However, subjectively, participants report a better understanding of the process-mainly through non-visual cues like haptics, but also auditory cues. The study also indicates an increased task load when interacting with the process, which, however, seems to play a minor role for the participants. Overall, the study shows a clear potential of physicalization for the communication of complex dynamic processes, which only fully unfold if observers have to chance to interact with the process.<|reference_end|>
@article{pahr2024investigating,
    title={Investigating the Effect of Operation Mode and Manifestation on
  Physicalizations of Dynamic Processes},
    author={Daniel Pahr, Henry Ehlers, Hsiang-Yun Wu, Manuela Waldner and Renata
  G. Raidou},
    journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2405.09372},
    year={2024},
    doi={10.1111/cgf.15106},
    archivePrefix={arXiv},
    eprint={2405.09372},
    primaryClass={cs.HC}
}