The Era of 1-bit LLMs: All Large Language Models are in 158 Bits
<|reference_start|>The Era of 1-bit LLMs: All Large Language Models are in 158 Bits: Recent research, such as BitNet, is paving the way for a new era of 1-bit Large Language Models (LLMs). In this work, we introduce a 1-bit LLM variant, namely BitNet b1.58, in which every single parameter (or weight) of the LLM is ternary {-1, 0, 1}. It matches the full-precision (i.e., FP16 or BF16) Transformer LLM with the same model size and training tokens in terms of both perplexity and end-task performance, while being significantly more cost-effective in terms of latency, memory, throughput, and energy consumption. More profoundly, the 1.58-bit LLM defines a new scaling law and recipe for training new generations of LLMs that are both high-performance and cost-effective. Furthermore, it enables a new computation paradigm and opens the door for designing specific hardware optimized for 1-bit LLMs.<|reference_end|>
@article{ma2024the,
    title={The Era of 1-bit LLMs: All Large Language Models are in 1.58 Bits},
    author={Shuming Ma, Hongyu Wang, Lingxiao Ma, Lei Wang, Wenhui Wang, Shaohan
  Huang, Li Dong, Ruiping Wang, Jilong Xue, Furu Wei},
    journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2402.17764},
    year={2024},
    archivePrefix={arXiv},
    eprint={2402.17764},
    primaryClass={cs.CL cs.LG}
}