BlueSWAT: A Lightweight State-Aware Security Framework for Bluetooth Low Energy
<|reference_start|>BlueSWAT: A Lightweight State-Aware Security Framework for Bluetooth Low Energy: Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) is a short-range wireless communication technology for resource-constrained IoT devices. Unfortunately, BLE is vulnerable to session-based attacks, where previous packets construct exploitable conditions for subsequent packets to compromise connections. Defending against session-based attacks is challenging because each step in the attack sequence is legitimate when inspected individually. In this paper, we present BlueSWAT, a lightweight state-aware security framework for protecting BLE devices. To perform inspection on the session level rather than individual packets, BlueSWAT leverages a finite state machine (FSM) to monitor sequential actions of connections at runtime. Patterns of session-based attacks are modeled as malicious transition paths in the FSM. To overcome the heterogeneous IoT environment, we develop a lightweight eBPF framework to facilitate universal patch distribution across different BLE architectures and stacks, without requiring device reboot. We implement BlueSWAT on 5 real-world devices with different chips and stacks to demonstrate its cross-device adaptability. On our dataset with 101 real-world BLE vulnerabilities, BlueSWAT can mitigate 76.1% of session-based attacks, outperforming other defense frameworks. In our end-to-end application evaluation, BlueSWAT patches introduce an average of 0.073% memory overhead and negligible latency.<|reference_end|>
@article{che2024blueswat:,
    title={BlueSWAT: A Lightweight State-Aware Security Framework for Bluetooth Low
  Energy},
    author={Xijia Che, Yi He, Xuewei Feng, Kun Sun, Ke Xu, Qi Li},
    journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2405.17987},
    year={2024},
    archivePrefix={arXiv},
    eprint={2405.17987},
    primaryClass={cs.CR}
}