title: Dexter Roberts

text:
Dexter Roberts (born July 12, 1991) is an American singer and songwriter who first came to prominence in 2014 as the seventh place finalist on the thirteenth season of American Idol. In 2019, he placed third on the sixteenth season of The Voice. In between his appearances on American Idol and The Voice, he released two EPs.

American Idol
Roberts performed "Drive" for his audition for American Idol, and for the group round he was part of the group Backstreet Cowboys together with Casey Thrasher and fellow finalist Ben Briley, performing the song "I Want It That Way".  For the final solo he performed an original song, "Farmer's Grandson".

Roberts, as a finalist, joined the American Idols LIVE! Tour 2014 after the show.  However, he left the tour after a few shows by mutual agreement due to the illness. He had contracted Rocky Mountain spotted fever due to tick bites during a turkey hunt in Kentucky that he attended soon after the thirteenth-season finale.

The Voice
Roberts was a contestant on the sixteenth season of The Voice on Blake Shelton’s team. He earned four chairs in the blind auditions from celebrity coaches Shelton, Adam Levine, Kelly Clarkson and John Legend. He made it to the finale and finished in third place.

The Voice performances

Career

Roberts signed with First Launch Records and released his first single, "Dream About Me," on March 12, 2015. He released a debut EP by the same title on March 24, 2015. In 2022, he released three singles: "Country As Country Comes", on February 10; "Friday Night" on March 10; and "Standing Knee Deep in a River" on May 19.

Discography

EPs

Singles

American Idol and The Voice digital singles

References

1991 births
Living people
21st-century American singer-songwriters
People from Fayette, Alabama
American Idol participants
American country singer-songwriters
American male singer-songwriters
Country musicians from Alabama
21st-century American male singers
The Voice (franchise) contestants
Singer-songwriters from Alabama


title: Malaya Watson

text:
Malaya Tina Bandico Watson (born September 24, 1997) is an American singer from Southfield, Michigan, who finished in eighth place on the thirteenth season of American Idol.

Early life
Watson is of half-Filipino American and half-African-American descent, the daughter of Ronald Watson, a professional guitar player, and Marian Bandico Watson, a nurse who hails from Manila, Philippines. In high school, she played the tuba in Southfield High School marching band.  She is an alumna of the Mosaic Youth Theater of Detroit, where she sang in Singsation and Hasting Street. She is also an alumna of the Michigan Opera Theatre Children's Chorus., where she starred in Carmen, Tosca, Pied Piper of Hamlin, The Very Last Green Thing and The Nut Cracker.

Musical influences
She cites her two grandfathers and her father as her personal musical influences. She described her style in singing from Sly Stone and Beyoncé.

Career

2014: American Idol

At 15, Watson auditioned in Detroit with Aretha Franklin's "Ain't No Way." She is the third youngest contestant in American Idol's history to reach the live finals after Lauren Alaina and Daniel Seavey.

After being deemed as a front-runner to win by judge Jennifer Lopez and fans, Watson was announced as the act with lowest number of votes for Top 8 reveal night. With the Judges save gone, Malaya was eliminated from the competition. She sang "I Am Changing" as her farewell song. After her final performance Watson received a final standing ovation from all three judges.

Performances on American Idol

Post Idol
Watson took part in the American Idols Live! Tour 2014 from June 24 through August 24, 2014. Throughout the duration of tour and to date, she worked on her debut EP, My Diary, and her unnamed album.

Watson sang the U.S. national anthem at the Detroit Lions versus New Orleans Saints game at Ford Field in Detroit on October 19, 2014.

In 2018, Watson released her debut single, "Time.", and released her second single "Worry About Myself" two years later in 2020. Later in the year, she appeared on Terrace Martin, Robert Glasper, 9th Wonder and Kamasi Washington's collaborative EP Dinner Party: Dessert, contributing guest vocals to the song "Love You Bad" with Phoelix.

On December 4, 2020, Watson released her debut EP, My Diary: The Prelude.. This was followed by her second EP, Father's Law, which was released the following year. Later that same year, Malaya would appear on the Terrace Martin album Drones, contributing vocals to "Evil Eye" with rapper YG. She also appeared on two tracks from Snoop Dogg's compilation Algorithm.

In 2022, Malaya was featured on the track "Joint 3" with Cisco Swank and Luke Titus, which was named by NPR as one of the year's best songs.

Discography

EPs
My Diary: The Prelude (2020)
Father's Law (2021)

Digital singles (American Idol)

Singles

Guest appearances

References

1997 births
21st-century American singers
American Idol participants
Living people
21st-century African-American women singers
American musicians of Filipino descent
People from Southfield, Michigan
Singers from Michigan
21st-century American women singers


title: Louisiana Brigade Winter Camp

text:
The Louisiana Brigade Winter Camp, also known as Camp Carondelet, was the site of an American Civil War military camp during the winter of 1861–62.  It is located east of Manassas Park, Virginia and about  south of Bull Run.  The site was used by five battalions of Louisiana soldiers of the Confederate Army, whose distinctive buttons (bearing a pelican emblem) have long been found by relic hunters.  Obvious remnants of the camp include the remains of 25 huts, some of which have been damaged or destroyed by road-building activity through the site, and chimneys representing the locations of an estimated 50 more.

The camp location was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.

References

Military facilities on the National Register of Historic Places in Virginia
Military installations established in 1861
Prince William County, Virginia
1861 establishments in Virginia
Archaeological sites on the National Register of Historic Places in Virginia
National Register of Historic Places in Prince William County, Virginia
American Civil War on the National Register of Historic Places


title: Sam Woolf

text:
Samuel Joseph Woolf (born April 19, 1996) is an American singer-songwriter from Bradenton, Florida, who finished in fifth place on the thirteenth season of American Idol. Shortly after his participation on the series, he released the EP Pretend, which reached the top ten on Billboards Heatseekers chart. Since then, he has released several non-album singles and collaborated on several songs with The Como Brothers.

Early life
Sam Woolf was born on April 19, 1996, in West Bloomfield, Michigan to Mary and Scott Woolf. His great-grandfather, Sammy Woolf, was a well-known Detroit bandleader, his uncle is composer Randall Woolf, and pianist Kathleen Supové is his aunt (by marriage). His great-uncle, Mickey Woolf, was a musician prominent in Detroit's Jewish community. Woolf was a student at the Scotch Elementary School in West Bloomfield, but moved to North Port, Florida in 2006 when he was 9. When he was 13, his mother remarried and moved to another city in Florida, and Woolf and his older sister Emily remained in North Port with their father. Woolf and his father moved to Bradenton just prior to his second year of high school, where he attended Braden River High School. At the beginning of his junior year, he moved in with his grandparents who also live in Bradenton.

Woolf's first live public performance was at his sixth grade talent show where he performed The Beatles' "Hey Jude." Woolf later became interested in music as a career, took singing lessons from an opera teacher, Bob Lischetti, and performed locally in Bradenton. He also was mentored at the Del Couch Music Education Foundation and went to Interlochen Arts Camp in Michigan for four weeks the summer after his second year of high school.  In the summer of 2013, Woolf completed a five-week program at the Berklee College of Music and was selected as one of the top four songwriters for their singer showcase, where he performed an original song, "The Same." While he was in Boston, the audition for the thirteenth season of American Idol was held near Berklee College of Music and at his mother's suggestion, he decided to attend the audition. He attended Berklee College of Music, briefly, before pursuing his full time career as a singer songwriter.

American Idol

Woolf auditioned in Boston, singing "Lego House" by Ed Sheeran. He sang "Waiting on the World to Change" on the first round in Hollywood, and his original composition entitled "I Tried" in the final solo of the Hollywood Round.

 When Ryan Seacrest announced the results in this particular night, Woolf was among the bottom 3, but was declared safe first, as Ben Briley was eliminated.
 When Ryan Seacrest announced the results in this particular night, Woolf was among the bottom 3, but was declared safe, as Majesty Rose was eliminated.
 Woolf received the lowest number of votes; however, the judges decided to use their one save of the season to allow him to remain in the competition.
 Due to the judges using their one save on Woolf, the top 8 remained intact for another week.

Post-Idol
After his appearance on Idol, Woolf deferred for one year an offer of admissions to Berklee College of Music until fall 2015. Woolf performed nationally in the American Idol season 13 tour, then held a 'Welcome Home' concert in Bradenton, Florida at IMG Academy Stadium on September 27, 2014. He opened a similar homecoming concert for his fellow American Idol season 13 finalist, Alex Preston, at the Capitol Center For the Arts in Concord, New Hampshire on November 8, 2014, and on February 28, 2015, he performed in Lakewood Ranch, Florida's Winterfest, along with The Doobie Brothers, War, Jefferson Starship, Matt Walden and performers from the Del Couch Music Education Foundation.

Woolf wrote and recorded a five-song EP, Pretend, which he self-released on December 18, 2014. The album was funded in part by crowdfunding, and was produced by Danny Blume who co-wrote some of the songs with Woolf.

On September 1, 2016, Woolf released the standalone single "Stop Thinking About It", and on January 1, 2017, he released the standalone single "Fast 'n' Dirty". Music videos were released for both singles. Woolf co-wrote "Fast 'n' Dirty" with Orion Meshorer and Stephen Puthon. Explaining the song, he said, "Never in a million years did I think I'd have a song called 'Fast and Dirty'...I'd just like to say that this song/video is supposed to be a joke, in a way...don't take it seriously." On April 19, 2017, he released the standalone single "Call Me Crazy", which features Christina Galligan. Woolf co-wrote "Call Me Crazy" with Meshorer and Parker James. On August 25, 2018, he released the standalone single "You", on August 12, 2020, he released the standalone single "Ease My Mind", and on October 1, 2021, he released the standalone single "Good Ol Times". On June 17, 2022, he released a cover of "Danny's Song" by Kenny Loggins. On January 1, 2023, he released the standalone single "Worst Thing", which he described as "the most honest song" he had "ever written", and on February 24 of that year, he released the standalone single, "Light Me Up".

Live at 89 North, a 2015 EP by the Como Brothers, features Woolf on a cover of "Hey Jude". Woolf and the Como Brothers have since continued to collaborate. In 2018, they released the single "On It" and announced an upcoming six-track EP titled Backbeat in the Morning. Leading up to the release of their EP, they have released three more tracks: "Diamonds on my Chain" in 2019, "Twisted" in January 2020, and "Coming Home" in September 2020. Backbeat in the Morning was recorded with Grammy-winning engineer Kenta Yonesaka at Germano Studios in New York City. Music videos have been released for all four songs. In 2022, Woolf and the Como Brothers released the song "Give a Little Love".

Woolf has opened multiple concerts for We The Kings. He has also performed at Dream Fest in Tampa, the Warwick Summer Concert Series in New York, the Boston Arts Festival, and the Riverwalk Regatta in Florida. He often performs at events, both public and private, in Florida, the Midwest, and the Northeast.

Discography

Extended plays

Singles

As featured artist

American Idol digital singles

References

External links
Official site

American Idol participants
American people of Jewish descent
Living people
1996 births
21st-century American singers
People from Bradenton, Florida
People from West Bloomfield, Michigan
Singers from Florida
Singers from Detroit
21st-century American male singers


title: Ubay National Science High School

text:
Ubay National Science High School (Filipino: Mataas na Pambansang Paaralang Pang-Agham ng Ubay), commonly called USci or SciHigh is a special public high school in the Philippines. The campus is located in the southern tip of Barangay Fatima in the municipality of Ubay in the province of Bohol. The school is duly administered by the Department of Education. It is the second science high school in Bohol, next to Tagbilaran City.

History
The school was established through the collaborative efforts of education heads and political officials who dreamed to provide quality education for the students of Ubay and beyond. A year later after the success of creating a science high school in Tagbilaran City, the former Department of Education, Culture and Sports (DECS) - Region VII approved the establishment of the school in 1996, through the joined hands of then schools district supervisor Clarita V. Alesna, 2nd District Congressman Erico B. Aumentado and former municipal mayor Manuel B. Alesna.

On July 1, 1996, the school was formally opened wherein top elementary graduates of the municipality were enrolled to form the pioneer batch. The institution was first named Ubay Science and Laboratory High School.

At first, students and faculty members utilized the multi-purpose building in Ubay Central Elementary in Poblacion as their temporary shelter.  Although the building was considerably small, the organization found a way to maximize the facility. It was later subdivided into five small rooms, which houses a single classroom, faculty room, small library, computer room and a mini-theater.

The first set of faculty members were Clarita V. Alesna, Reynita Haduc, Ricarlena Catacutan and Arlene Ocdenaria. Mrs. Reynita Haduc was the first school principal and led the campus on its first 7 years. The campus produced its first batch of graduates in 2000.

The Campus
The present-day two-storey school building was built in 1998 to accommodate the growing population of the institution. It was formally inaugurated in June 1998. The site of school building was donated by the philanthropist Eutiquio del Valle, a grandson of former Bohol governor, Eutiquio Boyles.

The institution changed its name to Ubay Science High School, when the class opened in June 1998. It was later changed to Ubay National Science High School through the Republic Act No. 10034 in 2001 during the third regular session of the 14th Congress.

Classes

Admission
A prospective student must pass the competitive and screening examination in order to be admitted to the school. Students are ranked according to their results, in which top passers are guaranteed slots in the campus. In case a student doesn't want to enter the school, or wants to enrol to another campus, students from the waiting list are called up to be enrolled in the institution in order to complete the slots allotted for the batch.

Students from other science high school campuses may apply for transfer to the institution. However, they must meet a grade requirement.

Curriculum
The school offers a science and mathematics-oriented curriculum called Engineering and Science Education Program (ESEP). Department of Education devised this type of curriculum for specialized high schools in the Philippines.

Sections

Student life

Student organizations
 Supreme Student Government (SSG)
 Science Club
 Physics Club
 Mathematics Club
 English Club

References

Science high schools in the Philippines
Ubay, Bohol
High schools in Bohol


title: Woodford, Oklahoma

text:
Woodford is an unincorporated community located in Carter County, Oklahoma, United States. The townsite plat and cemetery are located within Section 34, Township 2 South, Range 1 West of the Indian Meridian. The zipcode is 73401.  Woodford has its own telephone exchange, serviced by the Chickasaw Telephone Company.  The Woodford area had its own school district in the past, but it was closed as the community dwindled in population. Students in the area today attend school in the nearby towns of Springer, Lone Grove, or Fox.

History
A post office was established at Woodford, Indian Territory on February 4, 1884.  It was named for Noah L. Woodford, a prominent Chickasaw Indian.

At the time of its founding, Woodford was located in Pickens County, Chickasaw Nation.

A history of Woodford was compiled by the Oklahoma history class at Woodford High School in 1930 (unpublished manuscript).

The population of Woodford had already started to decline by 1930.  In 1940, the census enumerated 138 residents.  The school district and at least one church closed in the 1950s.  The last remaining store closed in the late 1980s.  The community still supports a volunteer fire department, however.  Woodford is included in the book "Ghost Towns of Oklahoma".

References

Unincorporated communities in Oklahoma
Populated places in Carter County, Oklahoma


title: Bobby Connolly

text:
William Harold "Bobby" Connolly (July 4, 1897 – February 29, 1944) was an American choreographer and director, first for Broadway musicals and then for films.

Connolly was nominated for three Academy Awards for Best Dance Direction, for his work on the films Go Into Your Dance (1935) and Broadway Hostess (1935) (a single nomination for work on two films), Cain and Mabel (1936), and Ready, Willing and Able (1937).

Other film credits included dance director for Flirtation Walk (1934), The Patient in Room 18 (film) (1938), The Wizard of Oz (1939) and For Me and My Gal (1942).

His Broadway choreography credits included The Desert Song (1926), Good News (1927), Funny Face (1927), The New Moon (1928),  Follow Thru (1929), Show Girl (1929), Flying High (1930), Ziegfeld Follies of 1931 and 1934, and Take a Chance (1932), among others.

External links

American choreographers
American film directors
1897 births
1944 deaths


title: Polar Geography

text:
Polar Geography is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal covering research on the physical and human aspects of the Polar regions of Earth. It is published by Taylor & Francis and was established in 1977. From 1980 to 1994 it was known as Polar Geography and Geology.

History

The journal was established in 1977 with the financial support of the National Science Foundation and in cooperation with the American Geographical Society "in an effort to fill part of the gap in the broad area of physical and human geography of the Arctic and Antarctic".

Founders included Theodore Shabad (Columbia University), who also became the journal's first editor-in-chief for 11 years, until his death in 1987, and Melvin G. Marcus (Arizona State University).

Originally the journal was published by Scripta Technica Inc. and later by Bellwether Publishing. It was acquired by Taylor & Francis in 2007. At its inception the journal was named Polar Geography, changed three years afterwards, in 1980, to Polar Geography and Geology. In 1995 the journal's name was changed back to the original one.

The journal's aim was to make important Soviet, Japanese, and West European research on the polar regions available in English. Subsequently, the journal's focus shifted to the north circumpolar region with emphasis on the Russian Arctic, publishing articles dealing with human as well as physical dimensions of Arctic and Subarctic environments.

Editors-in-chief
The following persons have been editor-in-chief:

Abstracting and indexing
The journal is abstracted and indexed in ProQuest.

References

External links

Arctic research
Academic journals established in 1977
English-language journals
Geography journals
Taylor & Francis academic journals
Quarterly journals


title: Margarita Martirena

text:
Margarita Emilia Martirena Cal (born 6 June 1966 in Durazno, Uruguay) is a retired Uruguayan sprinter from 1982 until 1992. She was a South American champion and holds the Uruguayan record in the 4x100 meter relay and the 100 meter dash.

Early years
Martirena was the daughter of a Entrepreneur. She studied at the Liceo Rubino. She moved to Montevideo in 1985 to study medicine at the University of the Republic and to train in track.

Career
She began running for Sporting Club Uruguay in 1982 and then for Defensor Sporting after the two clubs merged in 1989. Her first international competition was in Caracas in 1984, where she and her team received a silver medal in the 4x400 relay and a bronze medal in the 4x100, breaking national and South American youth records in both. Then in Santa Fe, Argentina, she emerged as South American youth champion in the 4x100 and 4x400 relays. In 1986 she was champion in the 4x100 and 4x400 relays at the ODESUR games in Santiago. She also competed at the Ibero-American Championships in Athletics in Seville in 1990, and came in third in the 4x100 relay, breaking the Uruguayan all-time record in relay. She also broke the all-time Uruguayan record in the 100 meter dash in Montevideo with a time of 11.7 seconds. She competed in the Pan American Games in Indianapolis in 1987 and in Havana in 1991.

Personal life
Martirena retired from track in 1992. She received her Doctor of Medicine degree in 1993 and specialized in anesthesia. She married in 1995 and, in 1998, emigrated to the United States. She joined Baylor College of Medicine as an anesthesiologist. She is now an anesthesiologist at The Methodist Hospital in Houston, Texas.

References

1966 births
Living people
Uruguayan female sprinters
People from Durazno
South American Games gold medalists for Uruguay
South American Games medalists in athletics
Competitors at the 1986 South American Games
Athletes (track and field) at the 1987 Pan American Games
Athletes (track and field) at the 1991 Pan American Games
Pan American Games competitors for Uruguay
20th-century Uruguayan women


title: Venezuelans in Spain

text:
Venezuelans form one of the main immigrant groups in Spain, which is also the European country to which most Venezuelans choose to migrate because of shared language, customs and family ties. Similarly to nationals from other countries of Ibero-America, Venezuelans of origin are allowed to apply for dual Spanish citizenship after two years of legal residence in Spain. In addition, Venezuelans who are children or grandchildren of Spanish citizens can legally obtain Spanish citizenship from their countries of origin, an option open to over 3 million Venezuelans.

History
As a former part of the Spanish Empire in the Americas and a major destination of Spanish emigration up until the second half of the 20th century, Venezuela shares strong ties with Spain.

After Hugo Chávez came to power following the 1998 Venezuelan presidential election many upper-class Venezuelans decided to leave the country, a movement that intensified with the failure of the 2002 coup against President Chávez.
Some estimated 100,000 Venezuelans settled in Madrid, assimilating well into Spanish society due to common Hispanic ethnicity and family ties.

Venezuelan-born population in Spain (including dual nationals)

Notable people

See also
 Immigration to Spain
 Spain–Venezuela relations
 Spaniards in Venezuela
 Venezuelan people

References

Spain

Ethnic groups in Spain


title: Meanings of minor planet names: 259001–260000

text:
259001–259100

|-bgcolor=#f2f2f2
| colspan=4 align=center |
|}

259101–259200

|-bgcolor=#f2f2f2
| colspan=4 align=center |
|}

259201–259300

|-bgcolor=#f2f2f2
| colspan=4 align=center |
|}

259301–259400

|-id=344
| 259344 Paré || 2003 GQ || Ambroise Paré (1510–1590), a French surgeon and one of the fathers of modern surgery ||
|-id=387
| 259387 Atauta ||  || Atauta, a village located in the Ribera del Duero wine making region in the province of Soria, Spain ||
|}

259401–259500

|-bgcolor=#f2f2f2
| colspan=4 align=center |
|}

259501–259600

|-bgcolor=#f2f2f2
| colspan=4 align=center |
|}

259601–259700

|-bgcolor=#f2f2f2
| colspan=4 align=center |
|}

259701–259800

|-bgcolor=#f2f2f2
| colspan=4 align=center |
|}

259801–259900

|-bgcolor=#f2f2f2
| colspan=4 align=center |
|}

259901–260000

|-id=905
| 259905 Vougeot ||  || Vougeot, a Burgundy village situated between Beaune and Dijon, France ||
|}

References

259001-260000


title: Poudre Park, Colorado

text:
Poudre Park is an unincorporated community in Larimer County, Colorado. It is located near Poudre Canyon and is west of Fort Collins. Its elevation is .

References

Unincorporated communities in Colorado


title: Cannon Branch Fort

text:
The Cannon Branch Fort is a historic American Civil War fortification at 10611 Gateway Boulevard in Manassas, Virginia.  Details of the exact time and circumstances of its construction are not known; it is believed to have been built by Union Army forces in 1863 or 1864 to defend the nearby railroad lines.

The site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.  It is now a city park.

References

External links
 City of Manassas.org: Cannon Branch Fort Park

Manassas, Virginia
Virginia municipal and county parks
Buildings and structures in Manassas, Virginia
Forts in Virginia
Military facilities on the National Register of Historic Places in Virginia
National Register of Historic Places in Manassas, Virginia
Tourist attractions in Manassas, Virginia


title: Seydou Cissokho

text:
Seydou Cissokho (September 6, 1929 – March 10, 1986) was a Senegalese politician.

Youth
Cissokho was born at Bakel. His father worked as a blacksmith. The young Cissokho became a school teacher. He finished his secondary education in 1949. He worked in the countryside, later beginning to teach in Kaolack and Dakar.

Political activist
Cissokho was also involved in the struggle against French colonial rule. During his years as a student he had joined the Communist Study Groups (GEC). He also became a member of the African Democratic Rally (RDA). He took part in founding the African Independence Party (PAI, later renamed the Party of Independence and Labour, PIT), the first Marxist-Leninist political party in West Africa, in 1957. Following the ban on the party in 1960, Cissokho was active in underground organizing work. He lost his employment as a result of his political work.

Party leader
The 1962 party executive committee meeting held in Bamako confirmed Cissokho as the deputy general secretary of the Central Committee. In 1967 an extraordinary conference placed Cissokho at the helm of a provisional committee to lead the party. Within the party Cissokho represented a hard-line, pro-Soviet Marxist-Leninist position.

The first party congress, held illegally in Senegal in 1972, confirmed the expulsion of the PAI general secretary Majhmoud Diop and elected Cissokho as party general secretary. Cissokho played an important role in organizing the first conference of Communist and Workers' Parties of Tropical and Southern Africa.

PIT legalized
Cissokho spent two decades as leader of the underground party. In 1981 PIT was legalized and Cissokho led the efforts for the formation of an anti-imperialist united front. He was elected party chairman at the second PIT congress, held in 1984.

Cissokho died in Moscow whilst visiting the 1986 Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.

References

1929 births
1986 deaths
Party of Independence and Labour politicians
People from Tambacounda Region
Rassemblement Démocratique Africain politicians


title: St Cuthbert's Church, Durham

text:
St Cuthbert's Church is a Roman Catholic parish church in Durham, England. It was opened on 31 May 1827 to replace two previous chapels, one run by the secular clergy and the other by the Jesuits. It is also the home of the Durham University Catholic Chaplaincy and Catholic Society. From 2012 to 2016 the parish was entrusted, along with the chaplaincy, to the Dominican Order, and its congregation has since maintained the Dominicans' influence. The church is a protected building, being part of the Elvet Green Conservation Area. It is named for St Cuthbert of Lindisfarne, the 7th century bishop, healer and patron of Northern England.

History

Although the establishment of the church goes back to 1827, the building has served a community of Durham and Northumberland Catholics that is continuous from the beginning of Catholic persecution at the English Reformation. While the Church of England became the official and only public Church for many centuries, English Catholic communities remained in the North – St Cuthbert's was founded by such a Catholic community in Durham.

In 1569, Durham was the theatre for the Rising of the North. Promoted by the Catholic Percys and Nevilles, respectively the Earls of Northumberland and Westmoreland, Northern English nobles rose against Elizabeth I to bring the Catholic Church back to England in a rebellion that climaxed with the Catholic Mass revived and celebrated at Durham Cathedral. The following year, the priest who celebrated at this Mass, Thomas Plumtree, was drawn and quartered in the market place. Plumtree was beatified by Pope Leo XIII in 1886, and St Cuthbert's maintains relics of his arm and hand.

Catholics in Old Elvet, Durham

By the early 17th century, there were Jesuit priests serving the Catholic community based at 33 and later 45 Old Elvet, operating a chapel that was later destroyed by a mob celebrating the Glorious Revolution of 1688 which ousted the Catholic King James II. From the 1660s to the late 18th century, Catholic landed gentry, of which there were many in the Durham/Northumberland region, began to buy up property in Old Elvet region in order to be close to the concealed Catholic worship. Votive Masses are still said at St Cuthbert's for the noble Catholic families. One Such family, the Salvins of nearby Croxdale, remain patrons of the congregation and can trace their patronage back to the 16th century. The Salvin coat of arms can be seen among those of other northern Catholic families on the wooden rood-screen behind the high altar. The 18th century saw degrees of toleration gained, except for the Jacobite rising of 1745. The Catholic Relief Act of 1791 saw the legality of Catholic public worship, and a permanent chapel was built in Elvet along with a residence for a Vicar Apostolic, a Catholic bishop, for Northern England.

Catholic Emancipation and Erection of the Current Building

The Vicar Apostolic of the Northern District from 1790 to 1821 was Bishop William Gibson, who lived and regularly celebrated Mass there. The current building was built in 1827, two years before the Catholic Emancipation of 1829, which saw a restoration of civil and religious rights. The church was designed by Ignatius Bonomi, and while made to reflect the English gothic style, was built relatively level with other Old Elvet buildings and without a tower in order for the Catholics to remain somewhat discreet. In 1869, the tower was added to the church and in 1910 it was finally consecrated on 20 July.

Modern History

From 2012 to 2016, the Bishop of Hexham and Newcastle entrusted the parish to the Dominican Order who would also provide Catholic chaplains to Durham University with Fr Benjamin Earl, O.P. as prior, parish priest and chaplain. In 2013, a seven-month £300,000 refurbishment program was initiated and was completed in February 2014. Since 2012, St Cuthbert's has seen growth, especially in the student body. The incorporation of Dominican customs and liturgy – much of which has been maintained after the Dominicans left, is helped by the current parish priest, Fr Andrew Downie.

Parish
St Cuthbert's is one of the largest Catholic parishes in the diocese of Hexham and Newcastle. It has a parish choir and a student choir. They sing a variety of repertoire, including Gregorian chant, Taizé, polyphony and Anglican music.

Holy Mass is offered on Sundays and weekdays at the following times:
 10:00am (Parish Sung Mass)
 6:30pm (Term time, student Sung Mass with reception)
 12:15 Tuesday, Thursday, Friday
 7:00pm Wednesday (chanted, followed by student dinner).
Morning and evening prayer is said through the week, and on Tuesday mornings, the Catholic Society chants Dominican Lauds and hosts breakfast.

Gallery

See also
 Durham University
 Dominican Order
 Fr Benjamin Earl, O.P.
 St Cuthbert of Lindisfarne

References

External links

 St Cuthbert's Church site

Grade II listed churches in County Durham
Saint Cuthbert
Dominican churches in the United Kingdom
Roman Catholic churches completed in 1827
Roman Catholic churches in County Durham
Grade II listed Roman Catholic churches in England
Gothic Revival church buildings in England
Gothic Revival architecture in County Durham
1827 establishments in England
University and college chapels in the United Kingdom
19th-century Roman Catholic church buildings in the United Kingdom


title: Nabbed (TV series)

text:
Nabbed is a New Zealand reality television show, produced with the assistance of the New Zealand Police Traffic Division for Television New Zealand's TV2. The show profiles and follows the work of traffic police officers in their patrols and other police duties.

A single series of nine episodes ran between 11 February 2014 and 8 April 2014.

See also
 Motorway Patrol
 Ten 7 Aotearoa

References

New Zealand reality television series
2014 New Zealand television series debuts
Documentary television series about policing
TVNZ 2 original programming


title: Siskiwit Lake (Wisconsin)

text:
Siskiwit Lake is a small eutrophic lake on the Bayfield Peninsula in Bayfield County in northern Wisconsin in the United States. The lake is located about  south of Siskiwit Bay, an arm of Lake Superior, and about  north of the northern boundary of Chequamegon National Forest. Duluth-Superior is about  to the west. Parts of the small town of Bell border the lake, and there are several houses and vacation cabins on the lake, most on the north shore. The nearest major road, Wisconsin Highway 13, is about  to the north, and the nearest large town, Washburn, is about  to the southeast, down County Trunk Highway C.

Siskiwit Lake is  in area with a maximum depth of  and a shoreline circumference of . The lake contains a  island, Long Island (another small quasi-island, Round Island, is actually attached to the mainland). The deeper part of the lake is to the east, with a long narrow bay stretching northwest of Long Island. The lake drains at the eastern end into the Siskiwit River which flows (via Little Siskiwit Lake) into Siskiwit Bay at Cornucopia.

Siskiwit Lake is used for fishing. Northern pike Panfish is present. Walleye is present in abundance. Also present are Smallmouth Bass, Bluegill,  Crappie, Pumpkinseed, Sucker, and Yellow Perch, and Brook Trout. There is a boat ramp.

References

Siskiwit
Lakes of Bayfield County, Wisconsin


title: Atchee, Colorado

text:
Atchee is a ghost town in Garfield County, Colorado. It was originally a railroad village/company town owned by the Gilsonite Company that served as a shopping town on the narrow-gauge Uintah Railway. The railroad served mines in nearby Utah. At a point in time, the railroad was dismantled which led to a sharp population decline. By 1938, there were only 27 voters in the town and by 1940 only two voters remained.

Town life
The town was a company town and thus almost everyone in the town worked for the Gilsonite Company. The houses all had running water and steam heat as well as being served by electricity. Atchee was never an incorporated town.

Rail line
The rail line was the lifeblood of the town, with the town's population sharply declining and eventually falling into ghost town status after the demolition of the rail line. The line itself ran from Mack, Colorado to Watson, Utah with a spur to the Rainbow Mine in Utah from Watson. During the summer, there were special trains run for students of the Colorado School of Mines.

References

Unincorporated communities in Colorado


title: VA-172 (U.S. Navy)

text:
VA-172 was an Attack Squadron of the U.S. Navy. It was established as Bomber Fighter Squadron VBF-82 on 20 August 1945, redesignated as Fighter Squadron VF-18A on 15 November 1946, as VF-172 on 11 August 1948, and as VA-172 on 1 November 1955. The squadron was disestablished on 15 January 1971. Its nickname was the Checkmates from 1946-1950, and the Blue Bolts thereafter.

Operational history
28 Jan 1949: Squadron aircraft, while secured to the flight deck and engines running, were used to assist in berthing  in Augusta, Sicily. This procedure is known as Operation Pinwheel.
23 Aug 1951: The squadron participated in its first combat sortie over Korea. This also marked the first use of the F2H-2 in combat.
25 Aug 1951: The squadron’s F2H-2 aircraft, along with F9Fs from VF-51, provided escort for 30 U.S. Air Force B-29 bombers raiding the marshalling yards at Rashin, North Korea.
Nov–Dec 1956: , with VA-172 embarked, was ordered to deploy and operate off the coast of Spain as a result of the Suez crisis.
Sep–Oct 1957: A detachment of squadron’s F2H-2 aircraft were embarked on  to provide fighter support for the antisubmarine warfare (ASW) carrier during a NATO exercise in the North Atlantic.
Nov 1961: VA-172, embarked on Roosevelt, operated off the coast of the Dominican Republic to support the newly established democratic government.
May 1963: Roosevelt, with VA-172 embarked, deployed to the Caribbean and operated off the coast of Haiti in response to a rebel attempt to overthrow the Haitian government.
Jul–Sep 1963: A detachment from the squadron was deployed aboard  to provide fighter coverage for the ASW Task Group during operations in the Caribbean Sea.
8–29 Aug 1964: Roosevelt, with VA-172 embarked, was ordered to operate in the vicinity of Cyprus after fighting escalated between Turkish and Greek forces on the island.
Aug 1966: The squadron commenced combat operations in Vietnam. These were its first combat sorties since the Korean War in 1952.
2 Dec 1966: The squadron’s commanding officer, Commander Bruce A. Nystrom, was lost in a night reconnaissance mission over the Red River delta area in North Vietnam.

Home port assignments
The squadron was assigned to these home ports, effective on the dates shown:
 NAS Alameda – 20 Aug 1945
 NAS Quonset Point – 15 Jan 1946
 NAAS Cecil Field – 04 Mar 1949
 NAS Jacksonville – 24 Mar 1950
 NAS Cecil Field – 22 Feb 1958

Aircraft assignment
The squadron first received the following aircraft on the dates shown:
 F6F-5 Hellcat – Aug 1945
 F4U Corsair – 06 Sep 1945
 F8F Bearcat – 1946
 FH-1 Phantom –  Mar 1949
 F2H-1 Banshee – May 1949
 F2H-2 Banshee – 21 Jun 1950
 F2H-4 Banshee – 13 Jan 1956
 F2H-2B Banshee – Sep 1956
 A4D-1 Skyhawk – 16 Dec 1957
 A4D-2 Skyhawk – May 1958
 A4C Skyhawk – 06 Sep 1961

See also
 List of squadrons in the Dictionary of American Naval Aviation Squadrons
 Attack aircraft
 List of inactive United States Navy aircraft squadrons
 History of the United States Navy

References

External links

Attack squadrons of the United States Navy
Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the Dictionary of American Naval Aviation Squadrons


title: Winter Dreams (Brandon's Song)

text:
"Winter Dreams (Brandon's Song)" is a song by American recording artist Kelly Clarkson, from her sixth studio album, Wrapped in Red (2013). Produced by Greg Kurstin, Clarkson co-wrote the song with Ashley Arrison and Aben Eubanks for her then-fiancé, Brandon Blackstock, stepson of American recording artist Reba McEntire. A slow-tempo Christmas neo-jazz pop song, "Winter Dreams" features a 50-piece chamber orchestra conducted and arranged by film composer Joseph Trapanese. Its lyrical theme mainly depicts love and escapism during the holidays, in which Clarkson sings about spending her first holiday with Blackstock, to whom the song is also dedicated. Unlike the deep lyrical themes of "Every Christmas", in which she refers to her life before meeting Blackstock, Clarkson had described "Winter Dreams" with a lighter fare, referring to it as her holiday life after meeting him.

Upon the release of Wrapped in Red, "Winter Dreams" has received a fairly positive response from music critics, who described it as a sweet but not too saccharine Christmas song. Along with other tracks from the album, it entered the Billboard Holiday Digital Songs chart as an album cut at number 12 on the week ending November 16, 2013.

Production and composition

Discussions for Clarkson's sixth studio album being a Christmas release began in December 2012, during which she also began to write holiday-themed material. Clarkson, weary of being expected to release only pop and country songs, approached Greg Kurstin to produce the whole album, and together they began recording in May 2013. Kursin, who had a jazz musical background, experimented on various jazz styles and sounds which Clarkson welcomed. During the song's recording production, he brought in Joseph Trapanese to arrange and conduct a 50-piece chamber orchestra at the EastWest Studios in Los Angeles.

A slowtempo Christmas neo-jazz pop song, "Winter Dreams" was written by Clarkson with Ashley Arrison and Aben Eubanks, her longtime friends. Eubanks, her guitarist, also wrote the songs "Wrapped in Red" and "Every Christmas" on the album. Clarkson wrote the song for then-fiancé (now ex-husband) Brandon Blackstock, whom she married on October 20, 2013, just days before the Wrapped in Reds release. Blackstock, a talent manager, is a stepson of recording artist Reba McEntire, Clarkson's longtime collaborator and friend. She described "Winter Dreams" as an antithesis of "Every Christmas", with the former about after finding love during the holidays and the latter about before it. Matt Casarino PopMatters found the music as reminiscent as Grizzly Bear's "Two Weeks" (2009), but blossoms into a heartfelt, joyful ode to holiday love.

Critical response
Cassarino, describing it as charming, remarked that listeners can easily picture the snowflakes on Clarkson's eyelashes as she sings it. In his review, Brandon Baker of Philadelphia described it as a "total cheesefest", but also noted it as an excellent representation marital bliss. Slant Magazine's Sal Cinquemani described "Winter Dreams" as a sweet (but not too saccharine) tribute to her new husband, but borders on a commercial jingle. Melinda Newman of HitFix described the track as "perky and sweet" and fits in well with the lighthearted tone of the other originals, even if it suffers in comparison. In his review for Breathecast.com, Timothy Yap wrote that "Winter Dreams" is an indulgent love song that as its title suggests—is dreamy, cozy and so romantic.

Chart performance
On the week ending November 16, 2013, "Winter Dreams" charted on the Billboard Holiday Digital Songs chart as an album cut at number 12. It also charted on the Gaon Singles Chart in South Korea at number 94 on the week ending November 23, 2013.

Credits and personnel
Credits adapted from the Wrapped in Red liner notes.

Recording
 Produced at Echo Recording Studio, Los Angeles, California
 Orchestra recorded at EastWest Studios, Los Angeles, California
Personnel

 Vocals – Kelly Clarkson
 Arrangement – Joe Trapanese
 Engineering – Jesse Shatkin, Alex Pasco
 Bass, engineering, guitar, keyboards, production, and programming – Greg Kurstin
 Drums – Aaron Redfield

 Mixing – Serban Ghenea
 Engineered for mixing – John Hanes
 Orchestra contractor – Sandy DeCrescent, Gina Zimmitti
 Recording – Satoshi Noguchi
 Songwriting – Kelly Clarkson, Ashley Arrison, Aben Eubanks

Charts

References

Songs about dreams
2013 songs
American jazz songs
American Christmas songs
Kelly Clarkson songs
Songs written by Kelly Clarkson
Song recordings produced by Greg Kurstin
Songs written by Ashley Arrison


title: The Taliban Shuffle

text:
The Taliban Shuffle: Strange Days in Afghanistan and Pakistan is a memoir by U.S. journalist Kim Barker about her experiences reporting in Pakistan and Afghanistan. It  was published in 2011.

Reception
BookBrowse rated the book 4/5.

Film adaptation

In February 2014, U.S. actress Tina Fey confirmed that her production company, Little Stranger, would be adapting the book into a film, which was released in March 2016. Fey stars in the film, which was produced by Lorne Michaels and written by Robert Carlock. Paramount hired Glenn Ficarra and John Requa to direct the film. It co-stars Margot Robbie, Martin Freeman, Billy Bob Thornton, and Alfred Molina.

References

2011 non-fiction books
Books about Afghanistan
Books about journalism
Books about Pakistan
Memoirs adapted into films
Doubleday (publisher) books
American memoirs


title: Angeline Hango

text:
Angéline Hango (February 2, 1905 – November 9, 1995) was a Canadian writer, who won the Stephen Leacock Award in 1949 for her sole published book, Truthfully Yours.

Born Marie-Rose Angéline Roy in Arvida, Quebec, she married John Raymond Hango in 1932. She distributed Truthfully Yours under the pseudonym Angéline Bleuets, winning the Oxford-Crowell Award for unpublished manuscripts. The prize package consisted of $500 and the manuscript's publication by Oxford Press; the book was ultimately published under her real married name in 1948, and won the Stephen Leacock Award the following year. The book was a roman à clef about her childhood in the Saguenay—Lac-Saint-Jean region. In a 1970 interview with the Ottawa Citizen, Hango stated that she hadn't even considered the book to be funny at all when it won the Leacock Award, though she admitted that she more easily saw the humor in it when rereading it later in life.

After John Hango's death, she remarried to Norris "Cubby" Burke, a former radio operator in the Royal Canadian Air Force.

Although she never published another book, Hango had completed a draft manuscript, entitled Moroccan Diary, the story of her travels in Morocco in a camper, at the time of her death from a stroke in 1995.

References

1905 births
Canadian women novelists
20th-century Canadian novelists
1995 deaths
Writers from Saguenay, Quebec
Stephen Leacock Award winners
20th-century Canadian women writers
Women humorists


title: Siskiwit Lake

text:
Siskiwit Lake may refer to:

Siskiwit Lake (Isle Royale) in Lake Superior
Siskiwit Lake (Wisconsin)


title: Daraa offensive (February–May 2014)

text:
The 2014 Daraa offensive (also known as the Battle of Geneva Houran) was a campaign during the Syrian Civil War launched by rebel forces, including the Free Syrian Army and the Islamic Front and Al-Nusra Front, to push back government forces in the Daraa Governorate, Quneitra Governorate, and As-Suwayda Governorate, in southwestern Syria, and thus opening the road to Damascus.

The offensive was launched on 3 February 2014 and declared after a meeting between FSA battalions and Islamic factions, which established a joint operations room. It was also reported that the FSA operations rooms in Daraa, Damascus and Quneitra were incorporated in this joint operations room as well. Local rebel commanders stated that thousands of rebels who had western military training would be involved in the Daraa offensive. The Persian Gulf states had promised to send rebels in Daraa large amounts of weaponry, including anti tank weapons and air missiles.

Offensive

Start of the offensive, Army counter-attack and stalemate
In the first days of the offensive, it was reported that rebels captured the Atman checkpoint in Daraa, destroying another one and captured Army positions around the town of Atman.

On 14 February 49 rebel groups affiliated with the FSA announced that they united under one armed entity called Southern Front. That same day a car bomb killed at least 33 people (including 12 rebel fighters) in the rebel-held village of Yabuda. Activists accused the Syrian government to be behind the attack. It was also reported that 22 people (including 19 civilians) were killed by air strikes on rebel-held areas in Daraa province.

On 16 February, Brigadier General Salim Idris was dismissed and replaced by Brigadier General Abdul-Ilah al-Bashir as FSA Chief of Staff. The same day, rebels captured an Army checkpoint in the village of Western Gharia, but lost it the next day.

On 18 February, rebels from the town of Busra al-Harir, in the eastern part of Daraa province attacked and captured the military outpost known as the Chemicals Battalion or Kimyaa Battalion, west of Dwera village, but the Syrian Army recaptured it hours later. During the fighting, 22 soldiers and dozens of rebels were killed or injured. In conjunction with the attack on the post, rebels attacked the city of Busra al-Sham, near Daraa's border with the southwest of Suwaida province. However, government forces were able to repulse the attack. For its part, the Army launched a surprise offensive during the morning using tanks and air strikes against the villages of al-Hajjeh, al-Dawayeh al-Kubra, al-Sughra, Bir Ajam and al-Buraika in the central and southern parts of al-Quneitra.

On 19 February, the Syrian Air Force began heavy air raids on rebel positions in Daraa governorate, as rebel fighters were preparing for a major push towards Damascus in the following days.

On 22 February, according to a military source, government forces captured the areas of Rasm al-Hour and Rasm al-Sad, south of the town of Quneitra. The SOHR confirmed troops were on the offensive, with the Air Force also taking part in the attack.

On 23 February, nine rebel groups (including Jabhat Al-Nusra and Ahrar Al Sham) announced the start of a new battle focused on eight military zones belonging to the 61st Brigade in western Daraa countryside.

On the night of 25 February, rebels, led by the Al-Nusra Front, made an attempt to capture the Tal al-Jabiyah military facility, which reportedly contained chemical weapons. International military commanders based in Jordan warned the rebels to leave the weapons alone and hand them over to them in the case they capture the bunker complex or an Israeli airstrike would be called in on the location. The rebels agreed. However, by the next day, rebels were still pushing to take control of Tal Al Jabiyeh. The Amman command centre than halted all weapons supplies to the assaulting forces, apparently in a successful effort to delay their advance on the bunker. Without supplies, the rebels were forced to consolidate their positions around the base and not seek to capture it. Over the next two days, government reinforcements arrived and by 1 March the military managed to push back the rebels.

On 26 February, the Syrian Army tried to advance towards the towns of Inkhil and Nawa  and reinforced their positions to the south of the village of Al-Nuaimeh the next day, while the rebels tightened the siege they had imposed on Army checkpoints in the area, in an attempt to block reinforcements from reaching government troops.

On 11 March, the Syrian Air Force conducted seven airstrikes on rebel-held areas in southern Daraa province, while the district of Daraa Al-Balad was bombarded by the 285th battalion.

On 19 March, the rebels took control of the central Gharaz prison in Daraa province after the Syrian Army retreated towards the grain silos. An opposition source stated that 294 prisoners were freed. Other sources stated that about 300 to 400 prisoners were freed and claimed that the vehicle training grounds to the south of the prison and a “secret facility” were also captured by the rebels. After the capture of the prison, the battlefront shifted towards the silos in an attempt by the rebels to take control of them.

As of 20 March, rebels in Daraa were unable to progress north past the line of government-held towns at Nawa, Sheikh Maskeen and Izraa. The Army had also taken up defensive positions, but it could not attack from these positions. Overall, a stalemate ensued. The main reason for the lack of a rebel advance was said to be that no new weapons had arrived across the border from Jordan.

On 21 March, rebels captured the grain silos and the Gharz gas station, located near the Daraa Gharaz prison. Rebels also claimed to have seized armoured vehicles after the fighting. After the capture of the silos, heavy clashes broke out on the perimeter of the Qussad military checkpoint, while the Syrian Air Force bombarded the Gharz area. The SOHR reported by the end of the day that the rebels also took the Qussad military checkpoint.

Renewed rebel advance and FSA-Nusra tension
On 7 April, rebels captured one of the twin military hills of Tulul al-Humur in Quneitra province after it was besieged for weeks.

On 14 April, rebels advanced towards Tal al-Jabiyah hill, which is one of several that are part of the Brigade 61 Army base and is the main one protecting the base from the west, after capturing several bunker positions throughout the area earlier in the year. By 24 April, rebels captured Tal al-Jabiyah hill and the village of Al Sekkariyyi, near Nawa. The rebels seized two tanks and large caches of weapons. The Army reportedly retreated to a nearby base after losing the hill. The next day the Army made an attempt to recapture the hill which was unsuccessful. Overall 49 rebels and 62 government fighters were killed during the two days of fighting for the hill. On 26 April, it was reported that the Army started to retreat from areas surrounding Tal al-Jabiyah hill, while rebels were focusing on capturing Tal Jamu hill, five kilometers from Tal al-Jabiyah, in an attempt to link up their territory in Daraa with rebel territory in Quneitra province. Later that day, rebels reportedly seized Brigade 61 and the Tayroz checkpoint near Nawa.

On 27 April, rebels reportedly took control of large parts of the strategic area of eastern Tal al-Ahmar. It was later reported that the rebels fully captured eastern Tal Al Ahmar, while the Army captured 'Tal Buraq' hill, near Mashara, without any resistance, on the 29th.

On 1 May, it was reported that rebels captured 508 Antitank Battalion, the village of Tira and the 'Tal Ashtara' hill. The same day, the FSA-affiliated Southern Syrian Revolutionary Front was established, consisting of some 20 rebel groups. Three days later, several rebel commanders belonging to this front (including the commander: Colonel Ahmad Al-Na’meh) were arrested by the al-Nusra front. This incident evoked tension in Daraa, with some moderate rebels saying that they will attack al-Nusra Front if the commanders are not released from custody. A mediation committee had been set up to deal with the case, involving leading figures from both sides, as well as tribal sheikhs. Colonel Ahmad Al-Na’meh was forced to make a confession on video after four days of detainment.

On 5 May, rebels announced the start of a new offensive called "Allahu Akbar” in the aim to capture the Matouq al-Kabir hill, Matouq al-Saghir hill and Kharbat Fadi area on the perimeter of Inkhil city. Heavy clashes erupted on the perimeter of these hills and the 115th division, resulting in casualties on both sides and a damaged ZSU-23-4 "Shilka". Both hills were captured after three days of fighting. It was also reported that seven rebels were killed by a pipeline explosion between Nasib and the Gharz area, and that one of the previously arrested rebel leaders was released by the Al-Nusra Front.

On 6 May, rebels captured the Syrian Colonel Mohammad Hassan Kanaan on the highway between Damascus and Daraa. Kanaan was one of the 24 people who nominated themselves to stand in the 3 June presidential election. It was also reported that an emir in the al-Nusra Front and his wife were assassinated by a car bomb.

On 8 May, rebels launched a military operation against al-Qahtania, al-Hamedia, Quneitra Crossing and the al-Rawadi checkpoint in Quneitra province. The Army launched a counter-attack after rebels captured al-Qahtania village.

On 15 May, rebels detonated a 'tunnel bomb' in the Al-Manshiyah district of Daraa city after announcing a new offensive.

New Army counter-attack
On 16 May 2014, the Army launched a counter-attack, firing 100 rockets and carrying out 15 air strikes on Nawa. The focus of the government offensive were Nawa, Inkhil, Jasem and Deraa city. The next day, the military recaptured Tal al-Jabiyah hill. The military was also attempting to advance towards western and eastern Tal al-Ahmar in an attempt to prevent rebels from advancing toward Quneitra. A deal was also reportedly reached under which 2,000 rebels would be granted safe passage to evacuate from Jassem, which overlooks southern Daraa. The deal was set to expire within 48 hours. The same day, the Iranian Fars news agency claimed government troops had captured Um Al-Awsaj, opening the road connecting al-Sanamein-Zamreen-Tal al-Hara.

On 19 May, the Fars news agency reported that government troops had recaptured the headquarters of Battalion 74. The next day, the agency also claimed that government forces gained full control over the area of Old Sajna Neighborhood in Daraa al-Balad and completed the encirclement of Nawa, with the Army seizing control of the Eastern neighborhood and was moving towards the National Hospital on the north-west side of the city. On the same day, rebels blew up a building used by government forces, killing dozens.

On 20 May, it was confirmed the Army had entered Nawa from the west and east, with fighting raging in the city. At least 15 soldiers were killed in the afternoon amid clashes with rebels in the town.

On 22 May 2014, a mortar attack on a tent where approximately 100 government supporters and civilians had gathered in the city to discuss the upcoming 3 June 2014 presidential election killed at least 21 and injured scores more. It is not verified who conducted the attack, but Ahmad Masalma, an opposition activist in Daraa, said rebels from the Free Syrian Army umbrella group fired a mortar shell at the tent in a government-held area after repeatedly warning civilians to stay away.

On 23 May, according to the SOHR, rebels captured an Army checkpoint west of Tell Umm Hawran. Four days later, it was reported that Fauzi Ayub, a senior Hezbollah commander on the FBI Most Wanted Terrorists list, was killed during fighting in Nawa.

Aftermath
On 14 June, rebels captured the strategical al-Jomou' hill base, located between Tsil and Nawa, after a siege and captured 10 pro-government fighters during the fighting.

On 15 July, several rebel formations announced the start of an operation against military installations in the Al-Shaykh Saad area. Later that day, according to the SOHR, rebels managed to capture the transportation battalion base, 26th Battalion base and the tank battalion base (all belonging to the Brigade 61 base complex) in Al-Shaykh Saad. The next day, 13 rebel groups announced the formation of a single operation room for Daraa province.

On 20 July, several rebel groups announced the start of the battle "Qat’e Al Watin" (Cutting the Aorta) in Daraa province. 13 rebel fighters were killed on the first day of the operation.

On 26 August, at least 30 rebel fighters were killed by an army ambush near the town of al-Harra. Rebels were able to take control of the nearby town of Zimrin, but were unable to advance further towards Harra and its military base.

Also, during August, Bedouin tribes in northeastern Suwayda province took up arms against the Syrian Army and the National Defence Force. The town of Eib in Lajat area fell into rebel hands. Fighters from Jabhat al-Nusra reinforced rebel positions in the area after National Defence Force units retook the villages of Dama and Deir Dama from Bedouin rebels. Mortar fire was still directed at the towns, however, by rebel fighters.

On 10 September, the Syrian army also mobilized reinforcements to move toward the government-held cities of al-Harra, al-Sanamayn, al-Jidiya and Zimrin in Daraa province.

References

Military operations of the Syrian civil war in 2014
Military operations of the Syrian civil war involving the al-Nusra Front
Military operations of the Syrian civil war involving the Free Syrian Army
Military operations of the Syrian civil war involving the Syrian government
Military operations of the Syrian civil war involving Hezbollah
Daraa Governorate in the Syrian civil war
Quneitra Governorate in the Syrian civil war
As-Suwayda Governorate in the Syrian civil war


title: James Barrett (academic)

text:
Sir James William Barrett,  (27 February 1862 – 6 April 1945) was an Australian ophthalmologist and academic administrator.

Born in South Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, he was educated at the University of Melbourne and King's College London. He served as Vice-Chancellor of the University of Melbourne from 1931 to 1934, and then as Chancellor from 1935 to 1939. He was President of the British Medical Association from 1935 to 1936, and the inaugural president of the Victorian Town Planning and Parks Association, now the Town and Country Planning Association. He was a notable supporter of Jewish refugee migration to Australia by persons fleeing Nazism.

Bibliography
 The Australian medical corps in Egypt (1918)
 The twin ideals: An educated Commonwealth (1918)
 The war work of the Y.M.C.A. In Egypt (1919)
 A vision of the possible (1919)
 The diary of an Australian soldier (1921)
 Save Australia (1925)

References

1862 births
1945 deaths
University of Melbourne alumni
Alumni of King's College London
Australian Army officers
Australian military personnel of World War I
Vice-Chancellors of the University of Melbourne
Australian Knights Commander of the Order of the British Empire
Australian Companions of the Order of the Bath
Australian Companions of the Order of St Michael and St George
Presidents of the British Medical Association
People from South Melbourne
Medical doctors from Melbourne
Colony of Victoria people
Australian ophthalmologists


title: 1999–2000 HNK Rijeka season

text:
The 1999–2000 season was the 54th season in Rijeka's history. It was their 9th season in the Prva HNL and 26th successive top tier season.

Competitions

Prva HNL

Classification

Results summary

Results by round

Matches

Prva HNL

Source: HRnogomet.com

Croatian Cup

Source: HRnogomet.com

UEFA Champions League

Source: HRnogomet.com

Squad statistics
Competitive matches only.  Appearances in brackets indicate numbers of times the player came on as a substitute.

See also
1999–2000 Prva HNL
1999–2000 Croatian Cup
1999–2000 UEFA Champions League

References

External links
 1999–2000 Prva HNL at HRnogomet.com
 1999–2000 Croatian Cup at HRnogomet.com
 Prvenstvo 1999.-2000. at nk-rijeka.hr

HNK Rijeka seasons
Rijeka


title: Kostov Government

text:
The eighty-seventh cabinet of Bulgaria (the Kostov Government) ruled from May 21, 1997 to July 24, 2001. The government was formed by the United Democratic Forces, an electoral alliance led by the Union of Democratic Forces, after they won a landslide victory in the 1997 parliamentary election winning 49.15% of the votes and 137 (out of 240) seats in the National Assembly.
The cabinet was chaired by the UDF leader Ivan Kostov who shared the cabinet posts between his party and his allies. This was the largest margin of victory since the end of communism in 1990, to this day. Kostov's government was the first since 1990 to serve its entire four-year mandate.

Background

In the previous parliamentary election (1994) the Bulgarian Socialist Party won a majority of the seats and the UDF was reduced to 69 seats. Up to that point in time the UDF had formed government only once, under Philip Dimitrov, and governed for one year only (1991-1992). The tide turned on the socialists, however, after the economic meltdown during the winter of 1996-1997 and the government was forced to step down. After declaring their intentions to form a new government, the UDF and other opposition parties staged mass rallies demanding snap elections. Eventually the Socialists bowed to the pressure and agreed. After a caretaker government was appointed in February, early parliamentary elections were scheduled for April, two years before otherwise scheduled. The result was a landslide victory for Ivan Kostov's electoral alliance.

Premiership
Ivan Kostov and the cabinet headed by him were sworn in on May 21, 1997, and a month later (July 1, 1997) in order to stabilize the lev and the banking system, a currency board was introduced in the country (BGN 1,000 is equal to of 1 German mark). The BNB stopped lending to the treasury and banks, the annual interest rate was lowered to 7% and the banking system was rehabilitated. In June 1997, inflation was only 1.3 percent, a "Law for Sanctioning the Illegally Rich" was being prepared, and all members of the UDF National Executive Council (the leading party in the UDF coalition) were obliged to leave private, municipal and state-owned companies.

The Law on the Emblem of the Republic of Bulgaria was adopted (promulgated in issue 62 of the State Gazette of August 5, 1997).

In the autumn of 1997, the government intensified its activities on three main issues - land restitution, rapid privatization and liquidation of loss-making enterprises. By the spring of 2000, according to government estimates, more than 80% of state-owned enterprises had been privatized (according to the World Bank, 45%). The treasury receives less money than expected, and most companies fall into the hands of small foreign companies and labor management companies. The reasons for the problems with privatization are both its eight-year-late start-up (during which companies have been "drained", most of which have been at a loss since the communist era) and widespread corruption at all levels of government and the unstable situation in the country. . The result is huge debts of giants such as Kremikovtzi (included in the liquidation list by Videnov's government) and Agropolichim - Devnya and their sales for 1 dollar or 1 lev, respectively. Where businesses have maintained their financial stability and markets, new owners have repeatedly postponed their financial and social commitments through new agreements with the government.

The fact that almost none of them paid penalties for broken promises (new jobs, investments, etc.) raises suspicions of corruption in the state administration. Mass layoffs have led to high unemployment (17%), low incomes, shrinking internal markets and social tensions. The rating of the UDF government drops sharply, which is also evident in the local elections (autumn 1999)
During the period 1998-2000, the government managed to partially deal with a number of important domestic political problems - the first seven-year plan for economic development of the country and the first national plan for regional development were adopted. The tax burden has been reduced, with more than BGN 600 million expected to remain with taxpayers in 2001. The implementation of the Energy Development Program until 2010 has started, as well as the functioning of the Health Insurance Fund. The problem with the nuclear safety of Kozloduy NPP has been solved.

On June 30, 1999, Ivan Kostov's government sold the debt-ridden BGA Balkan airline to Israeli entrepreneur Gad Zeevi. Shortly after the purchase, Zeevi suspended flights, and on October 29, 2002, the Sofia City Court declared the company bankrupt. Zeevi later ordered Bulgaria to pay him a penalty for non-compliance with the privatization contract (which was finally dropped according to a court ruling in 2012 ), while in Bulgaria an investigation is under way against the company's managers who have already left the country for draining it.
In foreign policy, the government is pursuing a course of rapprochement with the European Union, the United States and their Balkan ally, Turkey. Bulgaria participates in NATO's initiatives on the peninsula and implements the recommendations for the reorganization of the Bulgarian Army, necessary for its future inclusion in the Pact. The most complicated problem that Bulgaria's foreign diplomacy has to solve during the period is the attitude towards the conflict in Yugoslavia. Despite the polarization of public opinion and the economic losses for the country, Ivan Kostov's cabinet and the National Assembly have come out in support of NATO strikes against Serbia. Refusal to provide air corridors to the Pact would doom Bulgaria to international isolation and minimize the chances of membership in the European Union.
In foreign policy, the government is pursuing a course of rapprochement with the European Union, the United States and their Balkan ally, Turkey. Bulgaria participates in NATO initiatives on the peninsula and implements the recommendations on the reorganization of the Bulgarian Army, necessary for its future inclusion in the Pact. The most difficult problem that Bulgaria's foreign diplomacy has to solve during the period is the attitude towards the conflict in Yugoslavia. Despite the polarization of public opinion and the economic losses for the country, Ivan Kostov's cabinet and the National Assembly have come out in support of NATO strikes against Serbia. Refusal to provide air corridors to the Pact would doom Bulgaria to international isolation and minimize the chances of membership in the European Union.

Since 1999, the trust in the country and its institutions has been growing. Financial stabilization continues. All obligations of Bulgaria to the former socialist states have been settled. A large number of international agreements have been signed - the credit agency Standard and Poor's raises Bulgaria's rating to B + with positive prospects. The Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe ceases to monitor Bulgaria. Bulgarian legislation is harmonized with European legislation. An agreement has been reached with Romania on the construction of a second bridge over the Danube. A great success for the government is the decision to remove Bulgaria from the negative visa list of the member states of the European Union .

Foreign trade has been liberalized: tariffs on industrial goods have been reduced from 15.25% in 1998 to 12.56% in 1999 and to 11% in 2000;
Since 1999, Bulgaria has been trading at reduced tariffs with the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Slovenia, Poland, Hungary and Romania.

Following a meeting with George W. Bush (US President) and Dick Cheney (US Vice President), four days before the next parliamentary elections on June 13, 2001,  despite warnings from the World Bank and Deputy Prime Minister Peter Jotev, Prime Minister Ivan Kostov signed a deal with American companies for construction of a new power plant on the site of TPP "Maritsa-East 1" and rehabilitation of TPP "Maritsa-East 3" (which will produce the most expensive electricity in the country, which the National Electric Company will be obliged to buy for 15 years after the start of operation of the plants). Maritza-Iztok 1 started operating at full capacity on December 30, 2011. In 2001, Kostov defended the project by being the largest foreign investment in Bulgaria and a landmark for potential future investors.

Cabinet

Original Composition

Changes on December 21, 1999

In December 1999 the National Security Agency released a report following a sweeping investigation, written by Tsvetlin Iovchev, outlining possible security threats. Michael Cherney, an Uzbekistan-born Israeli businessman, was expelled from the country and forbidden from reentering for 10 years for his ties to foreign criminal money-laundering schemes. Also, three diplomats from the Russian embassy were expelled from the country and their spy was arrested, accused of leaking classified documents to the Russians.

The following changes were made to the Cabinet:

 The Ministry of Transportation was transformed into the Ministry of Transportation and Communications. Antoni Slavinski (DP) was chosen to be the new minister.
 The Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Agrarian Reform was transformed into the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry. Ventsislav Varbanov remained the Minister.
 The Ministry of Justice and Euro-integration was reorganized into the Ministry of Justice. Teodosy Symeonov (Ind) became the new minister.
 The Ministry of Industry and the Ministry of Tourism and Trade were merged to become the Ministry of Economy. The new minister was Petar Zhotev (Ind). He also became deputy Prime Minister, the only one to hold that office in the second half (1999-2001) of the government.
 Prime Minister Ivan Kostov takes over the Ministry of Public Administration.
 The Ministry of Regional Development and Public Works is taken over by Evgeni Chachev (Ind).
 Dimitar Dimitrov (DP) became the new Minister of Education and Science.
 Boyko Noyev (Ind) was appointed as the new Minister of Defence.
 Emanuyl Yordanov (?) was appointed as the new Minister of Interior.
 Ilko Semerdzhiev (?) was appointed as the new Minister of Health.
 Aleksander Pramatarski (DP) was appointed as a minister without portfolio.

External links
 Composition of the Cabinet

See also
 History of Bulgaria since 1989

References

Politics of Bulgaria
Bulgarian governments
Union of Democratic Forces (Bulgaria)


title: Oscheret

text:
In antiquity, Oscheret (pagus Oscarensis, French pays d'Oscheret) was the pagus (country) of the Lingones in the lower valley and plain of the Ouche. In the Middle Ages, the same region was a county (comitatus) of the kingdom of Upper Burgundy and an archdeaconry of the diocese of Chalon-sur-Saône.

Count Anscar and his family emigrated to Italy in the late 880s and he became Margrave of Ivrea there.

History of Burgundy


title: Rowdy (2014 film)

text:
Rowdy is a 2014 Indian Telugu-language action drama film written and directed by Ram Gopal Varma. It stars Vishnu Manchu and his father Mohan Babu with Jayasudha and Shanvi Srivastav in important roles. Sai Karthik composed the music for this film, while Satish Mutyala handled the cinematography. The principal photography commenced on 26 December 2013 and ended on 21 February 2014 in 30 working days. It was dubbed into Hindi as Rowdy.

The film also used sync sound and a three camera setup to reduce the work of dubbing and camera angles while in post production. The film is a remake of the Hindi film Sarkar. It was released on 4 April 2014 (worldwide) and 3 April 2014 (United States) in over 50 screens.

Upon release, the film received positive reviews, with critics praising Ram Gopal Varma's narrative and performances of Mohan Babu, Vishnu Manchu and Jayasudha. The film minted  on the first weekend of its release. The film minted a worldwide share of  at the end of the second week of its run, and was declared a box office hit.

Plot
The film opens in a street in Hyderabad in a night with Krishna (Vishnu Manchu) saving Sirisha (Shanvi Srivastava) from some eve-teasers and accompanying her to the hostel she stays. In the journey, they both come to know that they hail from the Rayalaseema region of Andhra Pradesh. When Sirisha asks Krishna about the details of his father, the scene shifts to the native place of Krishna where his father, a don fondly called as Anna (Mohan Babu) and as Annagaru with respect, punishing a teacher named Sankar Rao for harassing his pregnant wife for dowry on the complaint of the woman's father Rama Rao. Anna is a sexagenarian man who always thinks about the welfare of the people of Rayalaseema, and they too revere him equal to god. Anna is a very powerful and influential don who also controls the political affairs of that region. His friend Ananda Rao (Paruchuri Gopala Krishna), a ruling party politician, is his close friend, and he and the party extends their full support to Anna to stop the Nandavaram project whose happening would destroy 34 villages completely. On the other hand, a group of influential people working under a mysterious man tries to make the project to earn crores. The group consists of KR, Vedantham Murthy aka Vedam (Tanikella Bharani), Chandi (Jeeva), and Seshagiri.

Krishna visits his home when Anna kills his opponent Guruva Reddy (Banerjee) and appoints the dead man's henchmen as his henchmen by promising a little high salary. Then the family of Anna is introduced. Anna lives with his wife Lakshmi (Jayasudha), elder son Bhushan (Kishore), and Krishna. Bhushan is married and has a son, but he never loved them and hates them to the core. Unlike Anna and his dutiful and devoted brother Krishna, Bhushan is a spoiled brat, often terrorizing people in the name of Anna, creating fear in their hearts. When a young woman's brother warns Bhushan, Bhushan comes to their home, kidnaps the woman, and conducts a sexual assault on her in his farmhouse. Bhushan, also because of his anger on his father apart from greed for money, joins hands with KR's group for the formation of the Nandavaram project. Meanwhile, Krishna and Sirisha are deeply in love, and Anna's trusted henchmen Ramudu finds out that she is Gavarraju's daughter. Gavarraju was Anna's enemy who was killed by Anna at Tirupathi during an assassination attempt. Though Sirisha is aware of it, she has no objection to join his family, and Anna too respects Krishna's decision to marry her and accepts their alliance.

Meanwhile, Sirisha informs Krishna in their regular meeting that her friend is kidnapped and kept in Anna's farmhouse by Bhushan, who trashed her brother recently. She also adds that none dared to convey the same to Anna because of Bhushan. Krishna tells the whole matter to Anna, and when he finds the woman assaulted there, he apologizes to her and tells Ramudu to drop her in her home. He also house arrests Bhushan there forever to ensure the safety of the innocent people. But on the request of Lakshmi, he lets him enter his house again. Later, Ramudu invites Anna and Lakshmi for attending his daughter's wedding, and they accept it happily. However, Sirisha's brother reveals to Krishna that Anna is going to be fatally attacked in the way. At the time of execution, firing starts on Anna's vehicles, and in this confusion, Bhushan kills his wife and son, but none knows that. Anna is severely injured and attacked by the rivals, who are killed by Krishna. Anna is sent to the nearby hospital. Inspector Gogin Rao (Ravi Babu) asks Anna's men to get out of the hospital as the patients and their relatives are frightened of seeing them carrying weapons. This results in a brawl between Krishna and Gogin Rao, and the former is arrested for attacking a police officer on duty.

However, it is later revealed that Gogin Rao is not as sincere as he appears and works for KR. Sirisha goes to the police station and tells Krishna that Anna is going to be attacked again by the rivals' men. Krishna goes there and saves Anna from the goons. Later, as both the plans are failed, Bhushan goes to the hospital carrying oranges to the hospital and leaves soon. He keeps explosives inside them so that Anna dies because of a blast as suggested by KR and Vedam. Unfortunately, Lakshmi cuts them, and the blast occurs. Anna, who was in the way to the room conducting medical tests, collapses and understands what happened then. After Lakshmi's funeral is conducted, Krishna meets Anna and tells that KR, Gogin Rao, Chandi, Vedam, Seshagiri, and Bhushan are the culprits and adds that he would kill all of them. First, he kills Gogin Rao by strangling him with a thin wire. Next, he kills Seshagiri by feeding him a poisoned (possibly cyanide-infused) cake. Then, he kills Chandi by locking him in a car filled with gas, leading to suffocation. Vedam is murdered brutally and is hanged from a tree to resemble a suicide. KR is shot offscreen and dies when lit on fire by Krishna. Later, Krishna meets Bhushan, narrates Bhushan's plans and deeds to Bhushan himself, and when Bhushan feels guilty, Krishna calls him a mad dog and shoots him.

Finally, during Lakshmi's last rites, the main one behind the group is revealed as Ananda Rao. His close associates hold more than 50% stake in the Nandavaram project, and with that money, he planned to shift to the opposition party and win the elections. Since Anna would oppose it, he wanted to murder him and joins hands with KR and his group. On Anna's request, Krishna himself murders Ananda Rao. The film ends with Anna conducting Lakshmi's death rituals and Krishna appointing Ananda Rao's gunmen as his henchmen promising a little higher salary like Anna did in the case of Guruva Reddy.

Cast
Vishnu Manchu as Krishna
Mohan Babu as Anna
Jayasudha as Lakshmi
Shanvi Srivastav as Sirisha
Kishore as Bhushan
Paruchuri Gopala Krishna as Anand Rao
Tanikella Bharani as Vedantham Murthy aka Vedam
Ravi Babu as Gogin Rao
Jeeva as Chandi
Banerjee as Guruva Reddy
Kalicharan Sanjay (actor)

Production
In mid November 2013, it was reported that Ram Gopal Varma would direct Vishnu Manchu, which was confirmed by the actor in an interaction with the press. In mid-December 2013, the project materialized, and it was also reported that Ram Gopal Varma wanted to recruit Regina Cassandra as the heroine. In the end of December 2013, Mohan Babu was said to be a part of the film, and the shooting started on 26 December 2013 after a simple launch event. The filming continued at an incredible pace, and in early January 2014, a song on Mohan Babu and 2,000 extras was shot at Ramoji Film City in Hyderabad in which the people hailed him as their supremo and godfather.

After their previous film Pandavulu Pandavulu Tummeda released and became a success at the box office, it was declared in early February that the film was titled Rowdy which was confirmed by Mohan Babu at his office contrary to the reports that the film was titled Ottu, Annagaru and Seema Lekka. At the same time, Shanvi Srivastav, who was well known for her performances in the films Lovely and Adda, was selected for a short yet essential role in the film and was paired with Vishnu. In the third week of February 2014, it was reported that the film's shoot is nearing completion at an incredible speed with a romantic song on Vishnu and Shanvi being shot in just two days.

The filming finally ended on 21 February 2014 in just 30 working days. The producers said that they had a very tough time at the time of the shooting of action sequences, because of RGV's insistence on reality. The producers spoke "Rowdy is a film, we were really passionate about". It was also reported that an 11-minute action episode on Mohan Babu and Vishnu by firmly focusing the camera on them. "The interval sequence is by far one of the best fights I have ever done. Entire Credit to RGV. He has captured great action timing and finely tuned aggression by the two lead actors in the film" said Vishnu.

The producers also hailed Ram Gopal Varma regarding the handling of sentimental scenes in the film. They said "Though the director has included lots of action and drama in the film, we admired the sentimental scenes between Mohan Babu and Jayasudha. We never expected Ram Gopal Varma to add this element with such vigour. He surprised not only me but also the lead stars, with his neat direction of the sentimental sequences. The chemistry between Mohan Babu and Jayasudha that once fluttered the hearts of moviegoers has been captured well all over again with much more intensity" in a statement issued to the IANS.

Marketing
The film's first look was released on 21 February 2014 on the occasion of completion of shoot. The first look received unanimously positive response. The film's trailer released on 7 March 2014 by Vishnu himself from USA. The trailer received great positive response from all the corners though some opined that the film had shades of Ram Gopal Varma's Hindi film Sarkar. On 11 March 2014 Ram Gopal Varma unveiled the promo of the romantic song Nee Meeda Ottu. The teaser of 107 seconds, which portrayed on screen chemistry between the lead stars Vishnu Manchu and Shanvi Srivastav, garnered tremendous response in means of shares and views on social networking sites within few hours of its release.

As a part of the promotion, Ram Gopal Varma and Vishnu Manchu visited Visakhapatnam where they interacted with media and audiences at VMax Multiplex theater. The full videos of Nee Meeda Ottu and Seema Lekka along with an action sequence were shown to the media and audiences there. After receiving good response there, the team of the film including Ram Gopal Varma, Mohan Babu and Vishnu Manchu visited Mallikharjuna theatre in Hyderabad where the team interacted with media and the audiences at the theater and also projected about 10 mins of songs and scenes from the film there.

Soundtrack

Sai Karthik composed the music and the background score for the film. In mid March 2014, it was announced that the audio would release at Tirupathi on 20 March 2014. The audio launch event was done at Sree Vidyanikethan educational institutions in Tirupati on 20 March 2014 and the whole cast and crew of the film attended the event. The audio was released on Puri Sangeet label. In the end of March 2014, it was reported that an album named Cycle Rowdy would be released which was used in the film as a tribute to Ilaiyaraaja. The background score was also dedicated to him as a tribute.

Ram Gopal Varma told to the media "I have been a huge fan of background scores ever since I became a film buff and one of my all time favorite of the music piece is the cycle chase back ground score given by Ilaiyaraaja in my debut film Siva. I still can't forget the goose bumps I got back in 1989 when Ilaiyaraaja was scoring music for that sequence. I wanted to bring the attention to track number 17 in the album Rowdy whoever ever liked and remembered that cycle chase music in Siva, I am sure they will enjoy listening to this background track."

He added "As a huge fan of this legendary musician, my main interest is to bring back this composition to express the great idea of the genius Ilaiyaraaja's 1989 soundtrack (of Siva) to 2014. I asked Sai Karthik to do an integration of the brilliant cycle chase theme from Siva into the main theme of Rowdy and it turned out to be brilliant. This is my salute to Ilaiyaraaja." On the same day i.e. on 29 March 2014 the soundtrack consisting of 22 Background tracks was released by 24 Frames Factory on YouTube and other social networking sites including the Cycle Rowdy track. All the lyrics were penned by Kasarla Shyam.

Release
In early March 2014, it was reported that the film would release worldwide on 28 March 2014 clashing with Nandamuri Balakrishna's Legend. On 19 March 2014 it was officially declared that the film would release on 4 April 2014 in India and a day before i.e. on 3 April 2014 in USA. It was also reported later that the film will release with English subtitles in major markets worldwide to take full advantage of RGV film's pull across India and in the global markets. However, the leaders of Uttarandhra Joint Action Committee launched a morcha in Visakhapatnam demanding to ban the release of the movie. Alleging that the movie promotes rowdyism, the protesters stated that they will be filing a petition with the Election Commission to ban the film's release. The protesters contested that the episodes in the movie could be inflammatory. Meanwhile, the film was awarded an A certificate without any cuts from Central Board of Film Certification.

Reception
The film received positive reviews from critics though they drew comparisons and similarities with Ram Gopal Varma's Sarkar. The Hindu gave a review stating "The film is helped hugely by good performances from Mohan Babu, Vishnu and Jayasudha. While Varma can be commended for channelising Mohan Babu’s aggression in an apt role, one wishes he hadn’t made the actor say ‘respect’ so many times that it becomes a joke. Rowdy is one of the better films from Varma is recent times but offers nothing new in content." Oneindia Entertainment gave a review stating "Overall, Ram Gopal Varma has taken the story from his Sarkar and weaved a different screenplay for Rowdy keeping Telugu audience in mind. He has also added a few commercial ingredients to it. It is a good entertainer and will be a treat for action lovers. Must watch the film for Mohan Babu fans" and rated the film 3/5. Deccan Chronicle gave a review stating "Varma’s films are always technically good and ‘Rowdy’ is no exception. The action sequences are well choreographed, especially the one where goons surround Mohan Babu. RGV, however, is still out of touch and most of the scenes and camera angles are mere repetitions of his earlier films. If you haven't seen ‘Sarkar’, you can watch ‘Rowdy’, especially for Mohan Babu's performance" and rated the film 2.5/5.

123telugu.com gave a review stating "‘Rowdy’ is an intense action thriller that makes for a good watch. If you have seen Godfather, the impact may be a little less. The movie's appeal might be limited to A centers alone. Watch the film for Mohan Babu" and rated the film 3.25/5. idlebrain.com gave a review stating "Mohan Babu is a superb actor. After M Dharmaraju MA and Rayalaseema Ramanna Chowdary, this is the most compelling character he has done in his career. It took a director of Ram Gopal Varma calibre to present Mohan Babu in a natural avatar. Plus points of the film are Mohan Babu, Vishnu Manchu, and their characterizations. On the flip side, a toned-down violence and a compelling second half would have made the movie more universal. On a whole, Rowdy is a special film that adds a feather to the cap of Mohan Babu" and rated the film 3/5. IndiaGlitz gave a review stating "If you wanted to see Mohan Babu do an Amitabh Bachchan while retaining his irreverent style, 'Rowdy' fulfills that urge. The discerning might lament it as a dumbed-down version of Sarkar, though" and rated the film 3.25/5.

References

External links

2014 films
Films directed by Ram Gopal Varma
Indian crime drama films
2010s Telugu-language films
Telugu remakes of Hindi films
Indian political thriller films
2014 crime drama films
2014 crime action films
Indian action drama films
Indian films about revenge
2010s political thriller films
Films scored by Sai Karthik


title: Townsend House (Washington, D.C.)

text:
The Townsend House is a historic building on Embassy Row in Washington DC, home to the Cosmos Club since 1952.

History
The free-standing house, set in almost an acre of garden, was designed in the Beaux Arts French style by architects Carrère and Hastings in 1898 for Mary Scott Townsend, daughter of and heiress to William Lawrence Scott, and her husband Richard H. Townsend, moving from their previous home at 736 Jackson Place. Construction was essentially completed in 1901. Mr. Townsend died shortly thereafter, in 1902, and his wife lived in the house until her own death in 1931. The house then became the home of their daughter, Mathilde Scott Townsend, and her husband since 1925, prominent diplomat Sumner Welles, until 1939 and again in 1943, even though they spent much time in Oxon Hill Manor and abroad. The Cosmos Club purchased the property in 1950, following Mrs. Welles' death in Switzerland in 1949.

In 1933, President-elect Franklin D. Roosevelt lived briefly in the house before his inauguration. This echoed the previous generation of Townsends' renting of their Jackson Place home to President Theodore Roosevelt in 1902, during the White House renovation and construction of the West Wing.

The Townsend House was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1973. It is a contributing property to the Dupont Circle Historic District and Massachusetts Avenue Historic District.

See also
 List of Gilded Age mansions

References

Embassy Row
Houses completed in 1901
Beaux-Arts architecture in Washington, D.C.
Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Washington, D.C.
Historic district contributing properties in Washington, D.C.
1901 establishments in Washington, D.C.
Clubhouses in Washington, D.C.
Gilded Age mansions


title: Dorothy Spruill Redford

text:
Dorothy Spruill "Dot" Redford (born August 7, 1943) is an author, historian and former executive director of Somerset Place, a state historic site near Creswell, North Carolina. She is best known for the published account of her research into her family history, Somerset Homecoming: Recovering a Lost Heritage.

Biography

Dorothy Spruill Redford was born in Columbia, North Carolina on August 7, 1943. She grew up in Queens, New York, and attended Queens College. Inspired by Roots and her daughter's questions about her ancestors, Redford began to research her family history. Redford spent nearly ten years researching her connection to the enslaved population of Somerset Place. In 1986, her research inspired the first Somerset Homecoming, a reunion of more than 2,000 descendants of the enslaved community of Somerset Plantation. She co-authored a book about her family history and the reunion with reporter Mike D'Orso in 1988, the same year she began working as a program consultant at the Somerset Place State Historic Site. She served as the site director from 1990 until her retirement in 2008. Redford was influential in transforming the interpretation of slavery at Somerset Place, creating a model of inclusive interpretation. Her efforts led to the reconstruction of a number of buildings related to the enslaved community, including slave cabins and the hospital, which is now the only interpreted slave hospital anywhere in the United States. Redford received an honorary doctor of letters degree from East Carolina University in 2010.

References

1943 births
Living people


An All-American team is an honorary sports team composed of the best amateur players of a specific season for each team position—who in turn are given the honorific "All-America" and typically referred to as "All-American athletes", or simply "All-Americans".  Although the honorees generally do not compete together as a unit, the term is used in U.S. team sports to refer to players who are selected by members of the national media.  Walter Camp selected the first All-America team in the early days of American football in 1889.  The 2014 NCAA Men's Basketball All-Americans are honorary lists that include All-American selections from the Associated Press (AP), the United States Basketball Writers Association (USBWA), the Sporting News (TSN), and the National Association of Basketball Coaches (NABC) for the 2013–14 NCAA Division I men's basketball season.  All selectors choose at least a first and second 5-man team. The NABC, TSN and AP choose third teams, while AP also lists honorable mention selections.

The Consensus 2014 College Basketball All-American team is determined by aggregating the results of the four major All-American teams as determined by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA).  Since United Press International was replaced by TSN in 1997, the four major selectors have been the aforementioned ones.  AP has been a selector since 1948, NABC since 1957 and USBWA since 1960.  To earn "consensus" status, a player must win honors based on a point system computed from the four different all-America teams. The point system consists of three points for first team, two points for second team and one point for third team. No honorable mention or fourth team or lower are used in the computation.  The top five totals plus ties are first team and the next five plus ties are second team.

Although the aforementioned lists are used to determine consensus honors, there are numerous other All-American lists.  The ten finalists for the John Wooden Award are described as Wooden All-Americans. The ten finalists for the Senior CLASS Award are described as Senior All-Americans.  Other All-American lists include those determined by Fox Sports, and Yahoo! Sports.  The scholar-athletes selected by College Sports Information Directors of America (CoSIDA) are termed Academic All-Americans.

2014 Consensus All-America team
PG – Point guard
SG – Shooting guard
PF – Power forward
SF – Small forward
C – Center

Individual All-America teams

By team

AP Honorable Mention:

 Karvel Anderson, Robert Morris
 Cameron Ayers, Bucknell
 Cameron Bairstow, New Mexico
 Billy Baron, Canisius
 Jerrelle Benimon, Towson
 Davion Berry, Weber State
 Taylor Braun, North Dakota State
 De'Mon Brooks, Davidson
 John Brown, High Point
 Bryce Cotton, Providence
 Joel Embiid, Kansas
 Tyler Ennis, Syracuse
 Aaron Gordon, Arizona
 Langston Hall, Mercer
 Gary Harris, Michigan State
 Tyler Haws, BYU
 R. J. Hunter, Georgia State
 Jordair Jett, Saint Louis
 Shawn Jones, Middle Tennessee
 DeAndre Kane, Iowa State
 J. J. Mann, Belmont
 Javon McCrea, Buffalo
 Daniel Mullings, New Mexico State
 Aaric Murray, Texas Southern
 Marcus Paige, North Carolina
 Jacob Parker, Stephen F. Austin
 Lamar Patterson, Pittsburgh
 Adreian Payne, Michigan State
 Casey Prather, Florida
 Wesley Saunders, Harvard
 Marcus Smart, Oklahoma State
 Juwan Staten, West Virginia
 Keifer Sykes, Green Bay
 Xavier Thames, San Diego State
 Fred VanVleet, Wichita State
 Jameel Warney, Stony Brook
 Alan Williams, UC Santa Barbara
 Pendarvis Williams, Norfolk State
 Patric Young, Florida

Academic All-Americans
On February 20, 2014, CoSIDA and Capital One announced the 2014 Academic All-America team, with Aaron Craft headlining the University Division as the men's college basketball Academic All-American of the Year.  The following is the 2013–14 Capital One Academic All-America Men's Basketball Team (University Division) as selected by CoSIDA:

Senior All-Americans
The ten finalists for the Senior CLASS Award are called Senior All-Americans.  The 10 honorees are as follows:

References

All-Americans
NCAA Men's Basketball All-Americans