title: St Saviourgate

text:
St Saviourgate  is a historic street in the city of York. St Saviour's Church was built here in the 11th-century, and the street was first mentioned in 1175, as "Ketmongergate", street of the flesh sellers.

History

The area in which the street runs just outside the city walls of Roman Eboracum, north of a marshy area around the River Foss.  When the foundations of new houses were dug here in the seventeenth century, large numbers of animal horns were found, indicating the site of a Roman temple, next to the palace.

The street was first mentioned in 1175, when it was known as "Ketmongergate", street of the flesh sellers.  St Saviour's Church was built on the street in the 11th-century, and by 1368, it had given its name to the street.

The street became a centre for nonconformism in the city.  The York Unitarian Chapel was built in 1693, the Congregationalist Salem Chapel was built in 1839, and the Central Methodist Church in 1840.  Much of the rest of the street was rebuilt in the 18th-century, and in 1736, it was described by Francis Drake as "one of the neatest and best-built streets in the city".  The street was widened in 1777.  In the 1960, the Salem Chapel was demolished to make way for an office block.

Architecture and layout
The street runs from the junction of Colliergate and Whip-Ma-Whop-Ma-Gate, north-east to the junction of Spen Lane and St Saviour's Place.  Historically, St Saviour's Place was regarded as part of the street.  Hungate led off the south side of the street, but following the construction of Stonebow, the Stonebow House office block was built and blocked the route.

Notable buildings on the north-west side of the street include the Methodist and Unitarian churches; a masonic hall which was originally built as the city's Mechanics' Institute; 18th-century houses at 27, 29 and 31, 33 and 35; and an early Victorian range at 1-7 which was formerly a department store.  On the south-east side of the street lie the rear of Stonebow House, described by Nikolaus Pevsner as "disastrous"; St Saviour's Church, now housing the Jorvik DIG centre; Lady Hewley's Almshouses; the terrace of 16-22 St Saviourgate, built in 1740; other 18th-century houses at 24, 26, 30 and 32; and 34 St Saviourgate, with 15th-century origins.

References

Streets in York
Odonyms referring to religion


title: West Norfolk, Virginia

text:
West Norfolk is a neighborhood in the independent city of Portsmouth, Virginia. It was part of the city of Chesapeake until January 1, 1968, and lies west of the Western Branch Elizabeth River. The Churchland Bridge (US 17) and West Norfolk Bridge (SR 164) connect West Norfolk to the rest of Portsmouth.

References

Unincorporated communities in Virginia
Neighborhoods in Virginia


title: 1997–98 Grimsby Town F.C. season

text:
During the 1997–98 English football season, Grimsby Town F.C. competed in the Football League Second Division.

Season summary
The 1997–98 season saw the return of Alan Buckley as manager, after an unsuccessful period at West Bromwich Albion, for Grimsby's most successful post-war season. In the summer of 1997, Buckley succeeded in bringing in players to the club who were to be instrumental in the club's upcoming season. Former skipper Paul Groves was re-signed from West Bromwich Albion, and Kevin Donovan and David Smith also joined the club from Albion. The mid-season capture of Huddersfield Town midfielder Wayne Burnett proved to be a great bit of business for Buckley. After a seemingly poor start to the League campaign, performances improved, which propelled the club into a promotion battle with Watford, Bristol City and an expensively assembled Fulham (at the time the only club at this level to have spent seven-figure sums on players). A good run in the League Cup saw The Mariners knock holders Leicester City and fellow Premier League side Sheffield Wednesday out of the competition before finally losing out to Liverpool. A decent run of form had ignited the careers of such younger players as Daryl Clare, Danny Butterfield and Jack Lester who were becoming an integral part of the Blundell Park set-up. The Mariners went on to dump Burnley out of the Football League Trophy Northern section area final, which would see the club book its first trip to Wembley Stadium. The club were drawn against Southern section champions AFC Bournemouth and in a tight game, an equaliser from substitute Kingsley Black took the game into extra time, and in the 112th minute Grimsby secured the game courtesy of a golden goal from Wayne Burnett. This was the first major trophy awarded to the club following its first appearance at Wembley. It took only four weeks for Grimsby to return to the stadium though, this time to face Northampton Town in the Division Two Play Off Final. Town won the game 1–0 thanks to a first half Kevin Donovan goal which gave the club a historic Wembley double and The Mariners promotion back to Division One.

Transfers

Transfers in

Loans in

Transfers out

Loans out

Transfers in:  £1,020,000
Transfers out:  £2,200,000
Total spending:  £480,000

Final league table

Results
Grimsby Town's score comes first

Legend

Football League Second Division

Second Division play-offs

FA Cup

League Cup

Football League Trophy

Squad

References

Grimsby Town F.C. seasons
Grimsby Town


title: Nichole Denby

text:
Nichole Denby (born 10 October 1982) is an American-Nigerian track and field athlete who specializes in the 100 meters hurdles. She represented the United States at the 2007 World Championships narrowly missing the final.

In 2014, she switched her allegiance to Nigeria, competing for the new nation at the 2014 Commonwealth Games, as well as 2014 African Championships where she won her first medal for Nigeria.

She has had personal bests of 12.54 seconds in the 100 metres hurdles (Eugene 2008) and 7.93 in the 60 metres hurdles (Boston 2007).

While running for North High School in Riverside, California, she was the 1999 and 2000 CIF California State Meet Champion in the 100 meters hurdles.  Her 13.20 win in 2000 set the National High School Record at the time.

Competition record

Exhibition Races

References

External links
USATF profile

1983 births
Living people
Nigerian female hurdlers
American female hurdlers
Nigerian people of African-American descent
People from Norman, Oklahoma
World Athletics Championships athletes for the United States
Athletes (track and field) at the 2014 Commonwealth Games
Commonwealth Games competitors for Nigeria
John W. North High School alumni


title: Wunderbar Films

text:
Wunderbar Films is an Indian film production and distribution company established by Actor Dhanush and his wife Aishwarya on 20 May 2010. Based in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, it  mainly produces and distributes Tamil films, and occasionally Malayalam and Hindi films. The headquarters of the company is located in Nungambakkam, Chennai.

History
Wunderbar Films was established by actor Dhanush and his wife Aishwarya on 20 May 2010. The studio was named "Wunderbar", meaning "wonderful" in German, which they picked up from the 2009 cult film, Inglourious Basterds. Earlier short films made by Dhanush, although not released to the public, had the banner "Wunderbar".

Filmography

Film soundtracks released

References

2010 establishments in Tamil Nadu
Film production companies based in Chennai
Indian film studios


title: Matt Van Buren

text:
Matt Van Buren (born June 12, 1986) is an American mixed martial artist who competed in the light heavyweight division for the Ultimate Fighting Championship. Van Buren has also fought for Bellator and was a finalist on The Ultimate Fighter 19.

Mixed martial arts career

Early career
Van Buren made his debut in 2010, he won his first three bouts against Manny Okorie, Aaron Johnson and Brandon Saling.

Bellator
Van Buren made his Bellator debut in October 2011, defeating Nick Nichols via TKO in the second round at Bellator 52.

The following November, Van Buren faced Shawn Levesque at Bellator 57. Van Buren won via rear-naked choke submission in the first round.

Van Buren then fought Mike Mucitelli on August 24, 2012 at Bellator 73. Van Buren lost via submission in the first round.

On November 30, 2012, Van Buren faced Terry Davinney at Bellator 82 and lost via KO in just 15 seconds.

Post-Bellator
After his run in Bellator, Van Buren faced Mojtaba Najim Wali on July 20, 2013 at Gladiators of the Cage: The North Shore's Rise to Power 2. Van Buren won via unanimous decision breaking his two fight losing streak.

The Ultimate Fighter
On March 25, 2014 it was announced that Van Buren would appear on The Ultimate Fighter: Team Edgar vs. Team Penn.

In the fight to get into the house, Van Buren faced Daniel Vizcaya. Van Buren won via KO and was picked by Frankie Edgar to be on his team.

Van Buren then faced Chris Fields in the elimination round. Despite being rocked with a punch in the second round by Fields, Van Buren won via unanimous decision and moved on to the semifinals.

In the semifinals, Van Buren faced Daniel Spohn. After being rocked twice in the fight, Van Buren came back and won the fight via TKO in the second round.

Ultimate Fighting Championship
In the finals of The Ultimate Fighter 19, Van Buren faced Corey Anderson at The Ultimate Fighter 19 Finale on July 6, 2014. Van Buren lost the bout via TKO in the first round.

Van Buren faced Sean O'Connell on January 18, 2015 at UFC Fight Night 59. He lost the fight via TKO in the third round.  Despite the loss, he was awarded a Fight of the Night bonus award.

Van Buren was briefly linked to a bout with Jonathan Wilson on August 8, 2015 at UFC Fight Night 74.  However, Van Buren was removed from the card in early June citing injury and replaced by Jared Cannonier.

In October 2015 Van Buren was released by the UFC.

Championships and accomplishments

Mixed martial arts
Ultimate Fighting Championship
The Ultimate Fighter 19 (Runner-Up)
Fight of the Night (One time) vs. Sean O'Connell

Mixed martial arts record

|-
|Loss
|align=center|7–6
|Todd Stoute
|Decision (Unanimous)
|BTC 1 - Genesis
|
|align=center|3
|align=center|5:00
|Toronto, Canada
|

|-
|Loss
|align=center|7–5
|Jeremy Kimball
|KO (Punch)
|FFC 24 - Villefort vs. Rela
|
|align=center|1
|align=center|0:14
|Daytona Beach, Florida, United States
|
|-
|Win
|align=center|7–4
|Derrick Weaver
|Submission (arm-triangle choke)
|Elite Warrior Challenge 9: Takeover
|
|align=center|2
|align=center|3:38
|Salem, Virginia, United States
|
|-
|Loss
|align=center|6–4
|Sean O'Connell
|TKO (punches)
|UFC Fight Night: McGregor vs. Siver
|
|align=center|3
|align=center|2:11
|Boston, Massachusetts, United States
|
|-
|Loss
|align=center|6–3
|Corey Anderson
|TKO (punches)
|The Ultimate Fighter: Team Edgar vs. Team Penn Finale
|
|align=center|1
|align=center|1:01
|Las Vegas, Nevada, United States
|
|-
|Win
|align=center|6–2
|Mojtaba Najim Wali
|Decision (unanimous)
|Gladiators of the Cage: The North Shore's Rise to Power 2
|
|align=center|3
|align=center|5:00
|Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
|
|-
|Loss
|align=center|5–2
|Terry Davinney
|KO (punch)
|Bellator 82
|
|align=center|1
|align=center|0:15
|Mount Pleasant, Michigan, United States
|
|-
|Loss
|align=center|5–1
|Mike Mucitelli
|Submission (triangle choke)
|Bellator 73
|
|align=center|1
|align=center|3:01
|Tunica, Mississippi, United States
|
|-
|Win
|align=center|5–0
|Shawn Levesque
|Submission (rear-naked choke)
|Bellator 57
|
|align=center|1
|align=center|4:38
|Rama, Ontario, Canada
|
|-
|Win
|align=center|4–0
|Nick Nichols
|TKO (punches)
|Bellator 52
|
|align=center|2
|align=center|2:29
|Lake Charles, Louisiana, United States
|
|-
|Win
|align=center|3–0
|Brandon Saling
|Decision (unanimous)
|Fight Night in the Cage 2
|
|align=center|3
|align=center|5:00
|Lancaster, Pennsylvania, United States
|
|-
|Win
|align=center|2–0
|Aaron Johnson
|KO (punches)
|Black and Blue Entertainment: Rebel Invasion
|
|align=center|1
|align=center|N/A
|Tallapoosa, Georgia, United States
|
|-
|Win
|align=center|1–0
|Manny Okorie
|Decision (majority)
|Washington Combat: Battle of the Legends
|
|align=center|3
|align=center|5:00
|Washington D.C., United States
|

See also
 List of current UFC fighters
 List of male mixed martial artists

References

External links

Living people
American male mixed martial artists
Mixed martial artists utilizing Brazilian jiu-jitsu
Sportspeople from Norfolk, Virginia
Mixed martial artists from Virginia
1986 births
People from Chula Vista, California
Ultimate Fighting Championship male fighters
American practitioners of Brazilian jiu-jitsu


title: Eggville, Mississippi

text:
Eggville is an unincorporated community in Lee County, Mississippi.

History

Eggville was named for the large amount of eggs produced in the area. A post office operated under the name Eggville from 1889 to 1904.

Eggville was once home to the Northeast Mississippi Sacred Harp Singing Convention.

References

Unincorporated communities in Lee County, Mississippi
Unincorporated communities in Mississippi


title: Dot Chinese Website

text:
The domain name Dot Chinese Website (.中文网) is a new generic top-level domain (gTLD) in the Domain Name System (DNS) of the Internet. Dot Chinese Website is among many listed top level domains. Created along with the partner domain name Dot Chinese Online (.在线) by TLD Registry through Internet Corporation for Assigned Numbers and Names (ICANN)’s new gTLD program launched in April 28, 2014. TLD Registry was founded in June 2008 in Finland with the mission to create essential new Chinese TLDs - intended mainly towards a Chinese-speaking audience. Because it is displayed in a simplified Chinese character language specific script, Dot Chinese Website is known as an Internationalized Domain Name (IDNs).

The Chinese used for the domain Dot Chinese Website, "中文网", directly translates to "Chinese Language Website". For Chinese speaking internet users, this communicates a standard phrase they use to find an international website localized into Chinese.

Dot Chinese Website is deemed as a premium domain name, and TLD Registry has sold over $900,000 in premium domain names. It holds the record for the most successful premium domain name auction in the ICANN New gTLD Program. The auction was held in the prestigious private members club of the Galaxy Macau, CHINA ROUGE.

Hundreds of popular brands and corporations such as Nokia, MSN, Reuters, Jay Chou, the NBA, Eminem, CNBC， IMDb, Real Madrid, Samsung, the United Nations, the BBC and various others are using the term 中文网 in their names.

TLD Registry has 52 different accredited partner registrars currently serving the domain name Dot Chinese Website.

Dot Chinese Website (.中文网) along with Dot Chinese Online (.在线) currently hold the highest volume in the world in new IDN gTLD registrations. A feature case study was carried out about the two Chinese IDNs in Section 8.2.5 of the report (page 86).

In the Domain Name Association's (DNA) first official newsletter the State of the Domains", Dot Chinese Online (.在线) and Dot Chinese Website (.中文网) were featured in the "IDN Spotlight" portion. Released in October 2014, at ICANN 51 in Los Angeles, the "State of the Domains" is a comprehensive quarterly report that provides analysis, trends, and case studies of current Internet domains. TLD Registry, is responsible for the design of the newsletter and completed the full-Mandarin edition of the newsletter.

Dot Chinese Website (.CN) is the second most registered top-level-domain TLD after .COM. As of Q4 2017 there are 21.4M .CN registrations.

Registration history
The application for Dot Chinese Website domain was submitted to ICANN on April 12, 2013.

Finnish Prime Minister Jyrki Katainen, attended the ICANN signing ceremony of the Formal Registry Agreement (RA) contract in Beijing on September 10, 2013.

On December 3, 2013 in Helsinki, Finland, TLD Registry Ltd, a domain name registry dedicated to Chinese IDNs, announced the launch schedule for two of its domains: Dot Chinese Online and Dot Chinese Website.

According to ICANN regulation and rules, the Dot Chinese Online (.在线) and Dot Chinese Website (.中文网) were introduced to the global internet.

On November 28, Dot Chinese Online and Dot Chinese Website passed ICANN pre-delegation testing, to test for technical integrity. For 60 days, beginning on January 17 - March 17, Dot Chinese Online and Dot Chinese Website went through the trademark-owners only Sunrise period. The second stage, "the Landrush period" occurred on March 20.

Dot Chinese Online and Dot Chinese Website were auctioned off at the Galaxy Macau on Friday, March 21. The Landrush period went on through the weeklong ICANN conference in Singapore (March 23–27) and China's Qing Ming festival (April 4–6), and concluded on Thursday, April 24. A three-day quiet period immediately followed. General availability of domain names Dot Chinese Online and Dot Chinese Website began on Monday April 28, 2014.

The Landrush event incited the Chinese government, which purchased close to 20,000 IDNs. The Chinese government also announced that the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China (MIIT) has made it mandatory for all Chinese government-run websites to make the change to exclusively Chinese-specific domain names.

Security
It is difficult for Chinese netizens to identify phishing attacks in a complete English URL due to language barriers. Therefore, Chinese IDNs provide a source of protection for Chinese consumers against phishing attacks. Chinese netizens (and the Chinese government) tend to favor fully Chinese web addresses because they are more easily able to spot phishing URLs in their own language.

References

Internationalized domain names
Top-level domains


title: Yolande Turner

text:
Yolande Turner, also known as Yolande Finch (12 December 1935 – 6 November 2003), was a British actress and screenwriter.

Born in South Africa as Yolande Eileen Turnbull, she was the second wife of actor Peter Finch, by whom she had two children, Samantha and Charles Peter. She died on 6 November 2003 in London, aged 67, from undisclosed causes.

Her film career included roles in Five Miles to Midnight (1962), Girl with Green Eyes (1964) and Come Back Peter (1969). On television, she appeared in The Avengers in the 1966 episode entitled "The Girl From Auntie" and in the 1967 episode entitled "The 50,000 Pound Breakfast". She also appeared in the episode "The work of Art" of The Saint and starred in Upstairs Downstairs (as Mrs Van Groeben), playing the part of a South African aristocrat.

References

External links

1935 births
2003 deaths
Actresses from London
British film actresses
British television actresses
South African expatriates in England
20th-century British actresses
20th-century English women
20th-century English people


title: Yik Yak

text:
Yik Yak is a pseudonymous social media smartphone application that initially launched in 2013 and relaunched in 2021. The app, which is available for iOS and (formerly) Android, allows college students to create and view discussion threads within a  radius (termed "Yaks" by the application). It is similar to other anonymous sharing apps such as Nearby, but differs from others such as Whisper in that it is intended for sharing primarily with those in proximity to the user.

Despite strong levels of growth in 2013 and 2014, following several bouts of heavy criticism in the media over the dissemination of racism, antisemitism, sexism and the facilitation of cyber-bullying, the service saw stagnation in the growth of its user base. In 2016 alone, user downloads fell 76% compared to 2015. Failing to maintain user engagement, Yik Yak announced on April 28, 2017, that the service would close in the coming week. For $1 million, Block, Inc. (formally Square, Inc.), purchased Yik Yak's intellectual property and hired several of its former employees. On August 15, 2021, Yik Yak announced via their official website that they were making a comeback, with the app available for download on iOS and now recently available on Android. However, as of an update in March, 2023, the app is no longer available on Android, with no indication from Yik Yak regarding when, or if, it will return to the platform.

History
The co-founders, Tyler Droll and Brooks Buffington, are both graduates from Furman University in Greenville, South Carolina. The two started collaborating when they were placed into the same class where they learned how to code iPhone apps. After graduating from Furman University, they decided to go full-time with their project. Droll dropped out of medical school just before it started and Buffington put his finance career on hold. The two released the app in November 2013, and twelve months later, Yik Yak was ranked as the ninth most downloaded social media app in the United States. Improvements on the Yik Yak app continued throughout 2015, including measures to ensure its sustainability. The last major change was the announcement on January 20, 2016, that a web version of the app was available. Attempts were made in 2015 to reduce its use for cyber-bullying, such as the new mandatory use of handles (later reverted to an optional feature) and removal of the "My Herd" feature (also was later reverted).

On April 24, 2017, in a Bloomberg article, Block, Inc. (formerly Square, Inc.) announced its intent to acquire the rights to Yik Yak and five members of its team for reportedly less than $3 million, later revealed to be closer to $1 million after final sale.

On April 28, 2017, Yik Yak announced it would be shutting down due to declining popularity, and the app ceased to function as of May 5, 2017.

In February 2021, an unnamed team purchased the rights to the YikYak brand from Block, Inc.

On August 15, 2021, Yik Yak announced it would be making a comeback via their social media channels. The relaunched app has been available for download on iOS since August 2021. The Android version of the app has been released in July 2022.

In May 2022, a student revealed that, after analyzing app data, he was able to gain access to precise locations of Yik Yak users. The accuracy was within 10 to 15 feet and, in combination with user IDs, could potentially be used to reveal users' identities.

On September 14, 2022, a student at Western Kentucky University was charged with "terroristic threatening" after posting a message on Yik Yak about a bomb on campus.

On September 18, 2022, a student at the Oxford College of Emory University faced consequences after alluding to a bomb hidden in a residential hall via the Yik Yak app.

On September 21, 2022, a student at the University of Utah was arrested after she threatened  to detonate a nuclear reactor if the school's football team lost their game via the Yik Yak app.

On October 21, 2022, two students at Lake Stevens High School were "referred for criminal prosecution" after making a bomb threat via the Yik Yak app.

Funding
Yik Yak was originally funded by Atlanta Ventures with offices based in the Atlanta Tech Village. On April 22, 2014, the company announced that it had secured $1.5 million in funding from various companies such as Vaizra Investments, DCM, Kevin Colleran, and Azure Capital Partners. This funding came five months after Yik Yak was founded, and was intended both to enhance the app, and to market the app both in the United States and overseas. On June 30, 2014, a little over two months after the initial $1.5 million, Yik Yak secured $10 million more from its previous investors, together with new investors Renren Lianhe Holdings and Tim Draper. During the fall of 2014, with exponential user growth, Yik Yak secured over $60 million from Sequoia Capital and other investors. Less than one year after its launch, Yik Yak then had a valuation of over $350 million. On May 5, 2017, the application servers and website went offline, and the application became defunct. In 2021, Yik Yak announced on its website that it had received $6.25 million in seed funding from an unnamed investor.

Features
 Yak: A shorthand term used to refer to a post on the Yik Yak app. Yaks provide the main function of the app, and can be up or downvoted, commented on, and shared. Yaks are limited to 200 characters and can be removed if a yak violates the community guardrails.
 Yakarma: Yakarma is a numerical score generated by the software that aims to measure the active success of a user. This number can increase or decrease based upon the responses to their yaks by other proximate users. Yakarma changes depending on the number of downvotes or upvotes, replies, and comments that are made on a user's post. Receiving downvotes negatively affects a user's Yakarma, while upvotes increase it. The exact effect on yakarma is determined by the status (yakarma) of the voting user.
 New: Features new yaks posted within 5 miles in chronological order.
 Hot: Features the top yaks posted within 5 miles, top yaks reset daily at 8pm EST / 7pm Central.
 Reply Icons: User anonymity is designed into Yik Yak conversations by assigning the Original Poster an OP icon, and repliers were randomly generated emojis, while in the original application was limited to 20 emojis, the relaunch provided over 100. While the icon is randomly assigned, the user can choose to randomize it as many times as they like. This icon follows the user in every conversation they participate in, and the user has the possibility to credit their icon to a yak they post if they choose. Each reply icon could be backed by any of the color circles, which added to the randomness of the anonymity for each user.
 Nationwide Hot: This feature shows the highest voted yaks in descending order.
 Upvote/Downvote: Up and down votes are essentially user ratings on a given yak. For a post to become popular it has to receive more upvotes than downvotes, at which time it displays a positive number next to it. If votes on a post reach a value of -5, it will be permanently deleted.
 Cuss Buster: Similar to the word filter, the Cuss Buster filters out Yaks that may contain inappropriate language. The Cuss Buster is an option users can enable/disable in settings. While it does provide a filter to censor words, it cannot guarantee inappropriate content will be caught and removed from the feed.

Defunct features
 Other Top Yaks: This simply showed the Google Images result page from searching the word "yak". Usually just pictures of yaks (the animal).
 Photos: This feature allowed users to include pictures in their yaks. The company indicated that uploaded photos were moderated and that no inappropriate content, illegal content, or faces were allowed in local feeds. More specifically, photo collections displayed a grid of popular photographs submitted from anyone in the specified location.
 Hidden Features: Yik Yak also contained a word filter. When a post contained threatening or offensive language, the app would remind the user that their post could be offensive, and asked them if they still wished to post it. If the user bypassed the warning, the post would then be flagged and subject to removal by moderators. Posts that contained phone numbers could not be posted.

Campus Rep Program
The Campus Rep (short for Campus Representative) Program was announced by Yik Yak via Twitter on December 23, 2021. Campus Representatives, also called Campus Herders, are students at a college or university who find and post Yaks from their respective herds to a social media account (Instagram, TikTok) they run and manage.

Dissolution of original company
One of the biggest criticisms of social media sites and applications is their inherent potential to feed the growing amount of cyberbullying. Due to the widespread bullying and harassment committed through Yik Yak, many schools and school districts took action to ban the app. These included several Chicago school districts, Norwich University in Vermont, Eanes Independent School District in Texas, Lincoln High School district in Rhode Island, New Richmond School District in Ohio, Shawnigan Lake School in Canada and Pueblo County School District in Colorado. Tatum High School in New Mexico banned cell phone use from the school due to Yik Yak, and the Student Government Association at Emory University in Georgia attempted to ban the app across campus, but failed to do so after immense backlash from students. Students at Colgate University staged a three-day protest in September 2014 substantially driven by racist messages on Yik Yak.

On May 13, 2015, Santa Clara University President Michael Engh released a statement to all students after several racist remarks were posted on Yik Yak. He wrote, “Hate speech, not to be confused with free speech, has no place at Santa Clara University, because it violates the dignity and respect with which each member of our community is entitled to be treated. Hurtful comments directed at individuals or groups diminish us all and create a divisive atmosphere of distrust and suspicion.”

On October 3, 2014, The Huffington Post published an editorial by Ryan Chapin Mach titled "Why Your College Campus Should Ban Yik Yak", which asserted that Yik Yak's anonymous messaging boards "are like bathroom stalls without toilets. They're useless, they're sources of unhelpful or harmful conversations, and they're a complete eyesore."

To remedy the cases of bullying in middle and high schools around the country, Droll and Buffington amended the application to include geofences that work in the background. These unseen fences disable the application within their defined borders. At first these boundaries were installed manually by the developers, but it quickly became clear they would need outside assistance. They found this assistance in a Vermont-based company known as Maponics. Maponics “builds and defines geographic boundaries.” They happened to already have nearly 85% of the country's high schools mapped, making it easy to block access to Yik Yak in those areas. The fences disabled the app on all middle and high school grounds throughout the country. If the app is opened within one of these areas the user is displayed a message along the lines of: “it looks like you’re trying to use Yik Yak on a middle school or high school grounds. Yik Yak is intended for people college-aged and above. The app is disabled in this area.”

The frequency of bullying and harassment that happened on Yik Yak might have been exaggerated by media stories citing specific incidents. Researchers have identified how Yik Yak is mostly used as a positive way to explore racial, ethnic, and sexual identities and to build a sense of community on campus. Others have identified how Yik Yak gives marginalized students a voice on campus.

In 2015, Yik Yak gained attention by being the subject of preventing a suicide attempt at the College of William and Mary.

In December 2014, security researchers discovered and demonstrated a potential attack on the service, where a Yik Yak user could have their account compromised and be deanonymised (having their identity revealed) if an attacker was using the same WiFi network.

In February 2015, Yik Yak was exposed for systematically downvoting and deleting posts that mention competitors. The automatic system downvoted and deleted any posts that contained words that associated with names of other apps used by university students, including "fade", "unseen", "erodr", and "sneek". The downvoting algorithm, which assigned downvotes on regular intervals until the posts were deleted, appeared to be designed to mislead users to thinking that their posts were unpopular amongst peers, rather than censored by Yik Yak itself.

In December 2015, the SLOG and The Seattle Times reported that a Western Washington University student had been arrested and released on bail after calling for the lynching of the student body president of the university. The racist threats were posted on Yik Yak.

During 2016, use of Yik Yak declined severely, by 76% over 2015. This limited its former projected growth potential, and in December 2016, Yik Yak laid off 60 percent of its workers. Based on a report by The Verge, the community, marketing, design, and product teams were all deeply affected. In addition to the aforementioned manipulation of content by corporate, the presence of extensive cyberbullying on the site was a primary cause of this decline in usage. However, TechCrunch pointed out that "any forum offering users anonymity and a means of chatting" would have the potential to be "plagued by cyberbullies".

In April 2017, the company announced its closure. The mobile payment operator Square Inc purchased what remained of the organization for $1m and stripped the company of its assets and integrated Yik Yak's engineers into their operations.

See also
 Digg
 Nearby
 Skout
 Whisper

References

Further reading

External links
 Official website

2013 establishments in the United States
2017 disestablishments in Georgia (U.S. state)
Android (operating system) software
Anonymous social media
Companies based in Atlanta
Defunct social networking services
Internet properties disestablished in 2017
Internet properties established in 2013
IOS software
Privately held companies of the United States
Proprietary cross-platform software
Social media
Social networking services
Re-established companies
Internet properties established in 2021
2021 establishments in Tennessee


title: 33rd Blue Dragon Film Awards

text:
The 33rd Blue Dragon Film Awards ceremony was held on November 30, 2012 at the Sejong Center for the Performing Arts in Seoul. Presented by Sports Chosun, it was broadcast on SBS and was hosted by Kim Hye-soo and Yoo Jun-sang.

Nominations and winners
Complete list of nominees and winners:

(Winners denoted in bold)

References

2012 film awards
Blue Dragon Film Awards
2012 in South Korean cinema


title: Syntrophaceticus schinkii

text:
Syntrophaceticus schinkii is a species of strictly anaerobic, mesophilic, endospore-forming, syntrophic, acetate-oxidizing bacterium, the type species of its genus. Its type strain is Sp3T (=JCM 16669T), which was isolated from an anaerobic filter treating wastewater in a fishmeal factory.

References

Further reading

Westerholm, Maria. Biogas production through the syntrophic acetate-oxidising pathway. Vol. 2012. No. 45. 2012.

External links

LPSN
Type strain of Syntrophaceticus schinkii at BacDive -  the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase

Thermoanaerobacterales
Bacteria described in 2011
Anaerobes


title: National Labour Party (Benin)

text:
The National Labour Party (, PNT) was a political party in Benin.

History
In the 1991 parliamentary elections the party ran in an alliance with the People's Republican Union (URP). The alliance received 2% of the vote, winning a single seat.

The 1995 parliamentary elections saw the PNT form an alliance with the Union for Labour and Democracy. However, the two parties failed to win a seat. The PNT joined the Alliance of Patriots for the 1999 elections, but it also failed to win a seat.

References

Defunct political parties in Benin


title: Neocallimastix patriciarum

text:
Neocallimastix patriciarum is a species of fungus that lives in the rumen of sheep and other ruminant species. N. patriciarum is an obligate anaerobe and is an important component of the microbial population within the rumen. Only one of a few rumen fungi, this species is interesting and unique within the fungal world. Originally thought to be a flagellate protists, species within the phylum Neocallimastigomycota were first recognized as a fungus by Colin Orpin in 1975 when he demonstrated that they had cell walls of chitin

Taxonomic classification
N. patriciarum, along with other species in Neocallimastix, were originally considered part of Chytridiomycota. They have since been more accurately classified into the newly named phylum Neocallimystigomycota which encompasses only one family: Neocallimastigaceae. The classification of N. patriciarum in Chytridiomycota was primarily due to the presence of flagellated zoospores, a defining characteristic of the Chytridiomycota phylum. Neocallimystigomycota has been elevated to phylum level based on significant differences in morphological traits and molecular phylogenetics.

Morphology

Thallus
N. patriciarum have monocentric thalli. The young thallus is made up of incipient zoosporangium and rhizoids, as is typical of monocentric thalli. The rhizoids are coiled and a septum delineating the zoosporangium is present in the mature thallus. An apophysis can be observed between the main rhizoid and the zoosporangium. Zoospores are released through a single apical pore present on the mature thallus.

Zoospore
N. patriciarum have multi-flagellated zoospores that range from spherical to equatorially constricted. The ultrastructure of zoospores has been used to distinguish between N. patriciarum and N. frontalis, although some researchers suggest that this is method of distinction is unsound due to insufficient samples. Zoospore composition in N. patriciarum is also unique in that it lacks mitochondria, golgi bodies, liquid droplets, or gamma particles, all of which are present in aerobic fungi. The presence of a hydrogenosome is thought to replace the mitochondrion, and is described as an organelle that is capable of anaerobic metabolism of hexoses to acetic and formic acids and likely derived from mitochondria

Life cycle
The multi-flagellate zoospores encyst and germinate to form young thalli. The lifecycle is simple in that it alternates between the motile zoospore and a vegetative stage. The vegetative stage is typically associated with plant material in the digestive tract of host animal.

N. patriciarum can exist outside of the internal protected habitat of the rumen as cysts or melanized thalli in dried feces. Transmission into a new host can occur through licking or grooming leading to ingestion and continuation of the lifecycle starting with germination of the cyst.

Habitat, ecology, and lifestyle
As an anaerobic fungi, N. patriciarum relies on the ability of hydrogenosomes to metabolize hexoses in the anaerobic environment of the rumen. This allows the fungi to act in symbiosis with methanogenic rumen bacteria which create a pathway for the hydrogen byproduct to be converted to methane and emitted from the ruminant digestive tracts. Essentially, N. patriciarum works with rumen bacteria and protozoa (those that make up the microbial population) to degrade ingested plant biomass. Since N. patriciarum colonizes and degrades plant material within the rumen ecosystem, it is considered saprophytic. It has various enzymes that allow it to break down xylan, cellulose, starch, and glycogen. This efficient and specific enzymatic action opens up N. patriciarum to extensive research in biofuels production.

References

Further reading

Liu, Jin-Hao, et al. "Characterization of a Neocallimastix patriciarum xylanase gene and its product." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 45.11 (1999): 970–974.

External links
MycoBank

Neocallimastigomycota
Fungi described in 1986


title: Odell-Locke-Randolph Cotton Mill

text:
The Odell-Locke-Randolph Cotton Mill is an historic building in the city of Concord, Cabarrus County, North Carolina. The original mill was constructed in 1839, as the McDonald Cotton Mills, north of the town of Concord in what is now the Locke Mill Plaza. The building was placed on the National Register of Historic Places listings in Cabarrus County, North Carolina in 1983.

History
The mill was constructed in 1839 as the Concord Steam Cotton Factory also known as the Barringer Mill. By 1842 the mill was producing cotton yarn, shirting, and other goods. By 1850 a railroad ran west of town and the mill had 70 employees. During the aftermath of the Civil War the mill became the McDonald Cotton Mill. John Milton Odell bought the buildings in 1877 and created the Odell Manufacturing Company in 1880.

The mill became the Locke Mill after reorganization from the bankrupt Odell Manufacturing Company in 1909. The mill became known as the Randolph Mill after another reorganization in 1939.

References

Industrial buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places in North Carolina
Industrial buildings completed in 1839
Buildings and structures in Cabarrus County, North Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in Cabarrus County, North Carolina
Cotton mills in the United States


title: Fitzgerald Pioneers

text:
The Fitzgerald Pioneers were a minor league baseball team, based in Fitzgerald, Georgia that played from 1948 until 1957. The team played in the Class D level Georgia State League and won the league's title in 1948.

Baseball Hall of Fame member Earl Weaver was the player/manager for Fitzgerald in 1957

History
In 1953, the team joined the Georgia–Florida League and became an affiliate of the Cincinnati Redlegs. The following year the team name changed to the Fitzgerald Redlegs, to match their affiliate. In 1956 the team became and affiliate of the Kansas City Athletics and was renamed the Fitzgerald Athletics. Finally in 1957, the team became affiliated with Baltimore Orioles and were renamed the Fitzgerald Orioles and were managed by player/manager Earl Weaver, who was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1996.

On July 19, 1952, at Pilots Field against the Statesboro Pilots, Joe Reliford of the visiting Fitzgerald Pioneers, age 12, became the youngest person to play in a professional baseball game. Reliford simultaneously broke the racial barrier for the segregated Georgia State League. A photo of Reliford in uniform is housed in the Baseball Hall of Fame Library in Cooperstown, NY.

During the game, Reliford, playing outfield for one inning, made a catch over the wall, robbing Pilot player Jim Shuster of a home run to end the game. He was congratulated by Pilot fans, who came on the field and cheered him.

The ballpark
Fitzgerald played home games at Blue & Grey Park. The ballpark was located at 301 East Palm Street, Fitzgerald, Georgia 31750.

Notable alumni

Baseball Hall of Fame alumni
Earl Weaver (1957) Inducted, 1996

Notable alumni
 Ace Adams (1952) MLB All-Star
 Joe Reliford (1952) Youngest professional and broke league color barrier

References

External links
 Baseball Reference – Fitzgerald, Georgia

Baseball teams established in 1948
Baseball teams disestablished in 1953
Defunct Georgia-Florida League teams
Defunct Georgia State League teams
Professional baseball teams in Georgia (U.S. state)
Baltimore Orioles minor league affiliates
Cincinnati Reds minor league affiliates
Kansas City Athletics minor league affiliates
1948 establishments in Georgia (U.S. state)
1957 disestablishments in Georgia (U.S. state)
Ben Hill County, Georgia
Defunct baseball teams in Georgia (U.S. state)


title: Alone in the Dark: Illumination

text:
Alone in the Dark: Illumination is a 2015 third-person shooter video game developed by Pure FPS and published by Atari SA for Microsoft Windows. The game is the sixth installment of the Alone in the Dark video game series. It received negative reviews from critics and was the last title in the series to be published by Atari, as the intellectual property has since been acquired by THQ Nordic.

Gameplay
The game is an up-to-four-player cooperative experience with four distinct player characters working together to solve a mystery in an action-horror setting. Some characters wield firearms whereas others use magical abilities. Players make their way through levels with randomly generated elements such as enemy locations, locked doors, or even room layouts to make their way to a safety vault at the end of the level. Throughout it, the players will have to fight off various types of enemies by means of firepower and creating light-sources to defeat them.

Plot
The game brings players to the abandoned town of Lorwich, Virginia. Located near Virginia's southern border, Lorwich was a flourishing industrial town with a bustling business generated by the local coal mines. Those prosperous days came to an end when a flood devastated the mining facility, leaving behind nothing but destruction in its wake. The disaster forced an immediate evacuation, leaving the town desolate. It has been years since the accident, and the town has long been forgotten.

The cause of the accident is still a mystery and, years later, nobody dares to step a foot in the town for fear of what lies there. There have been numerous reports of strange creatures and a dark, brooding fog within the town. Some locals who believe in the supernatural say that there lurks an ever-present force known as The Darkness. The Darkness is said to envelop everything in its path and can reveal itself in many ways, such as fog, apparitions, and creatures.

Characters
There are four player characters:
 Theodore "Ted" Carnby (The Hunter) is a direct descendant of Edward Carnby, the male protagonist of the original Alone in the Dark and three of the sequels. He is actually implied to be the original Edward Carnby living under an assumed identity, still alive in the modern era due to the events of the 2008 Alone in the Dark game. He carries 3 automatic weapons as his primary weapons, namely an AK-47, M4, and P90. He also has a flamethrower attached to each primary weapon that can be used to burn enemies, making them vulnerable to damage. His secondary weapon is a pair of revolvers, which fire more slowly than the other characters' secondary weapons.
 Celeste, born Sara Hartwood (The Witch) is the great-granddaughter of Emily Hartwood, the female protagonist of the original game. She is a member of a coven of witches, who has come to Lorwich searching for 3 of her missing comrades. She fights with a pistol as well as a number of magical abilities, such as throwing a bolt of lightning, enchanting light sources so that they burn nearby enemies, and firing a wave of electricity that travels along the ground. She can also release an area-of-effect electrical burst that deals moderate damage and will activate any nearby electrical light sources.
 Gabriella Saunders (The Engineer) is a young woman who has come to Lorwich searching for her missing miner father. Besides her pistol sidearm, her primary weapons are a double-barreled shotgun, a tesla coil device that can be placed on the ground to damage nearby enemies, and a throwing disc that can be triggered to explode. She can also repair electrical light sources after they shut down.
 Father Henry Giger (The Priest) is a Catholic priest who has been sent by the Vatican to investigate the town of Lorwich. He dual-wields a pair of pistols, and can also use a number of holy abilities, such as firing an energy-imbued bullet that stuns an enemy and turns it into a light source, summoning a beam of light from the sky which explodes, and creating a fiery explosion around himself. His melee attacks also set enemies on fire and leave them vulnerable to damage.

Development
The game was in development by Pure FPS under the name Alone in the Dark for an indeterminate time. Originally prepared for announcement in May 2014, the announcement was delayed until August 20, during PAX East of the same year. The official YouTube channel suggested that the original name for the game would have been Alone in the Dark: Online before settling on the final title. The game entered a closed alpha test in mid-August and entered beta later in fall. Beta access was available for a limited time to players who pre-ordered the title from select retailers. The game was released on June 11, 2015. The 'Summer Update 2016' introduced updates to the objective system, player abilities & progression, monster behavior and voiceover for all narrative text.

Reception

Alone in the Dark: Illumination received "universally negative reviews", according to review aggregator Metacritic.

Hooked Gamers rated it a 1.5 out of 10, stating "Alone in the Dark is dead, and now fans share the task of burying it away and trying to retain the good memories. Alone In The Dark: Illumination comes across as trying to be a Left 4 Dead 2 and Resident Evil 6 hybrid while doing absolutely nothing right, and favoring to do everything wrong."

References

External links

2015 video games
Atari games
Alone in the Dark
Cooperative video games
2010s horror video games
Multiplayer and single-player video games
Survival video games
Unreal Engine games
Video game sequels
Video games developed in the United States
Video games featuring female protagonists
Video games set in Virginia
Windows games
Windows-only games
Video games about witchcraft
Third-person shooters


title: Mitch Garcia

text:
Mitchell "Mitch" Garcia (born April 7, 1989) is an American professional soccer player.

Career

College and Youth
Garcia started at Phoenix College in 2009, before transferring to Grand Canyon University in 2010.

While at college, Garcia also appeared for NPSL club Arizona Sahuaros.

Professional
After leaving college, Garcia trained with Polish side Puszcza Niepołomice and Serbian club FK Čukarički, but was signed by neither.

Garcia played with USL PDL club's FC Tucson and Vermont Voltage in 2013, before signing his first professional contract with NASL club Atlanta Silverbacks on February 26, 2014. He made his professional debut on June 7, 2014 against Indy Eleven. He started and played 90 minutes with the result ending in a 3-3 tie

References

External links
 Atlanta Silverbacks Profile.

1989 births
Living people
American men's soccer players
FC Tucson players
Vermont Voltage players
Atlanta Silverbacks FC players
FC Arizona players
Men's association football defenders
Soccer players from Phoenix, Arizona
North American Soccer League (2011–2017) players
USL League Two players
National Premier Soccer League players
American soccer coaches
Grand Canyon Antelopes men's soccer players
Sporting Arizona FC players
North Carolina FC players
Major Arena Soccer League players
St. Louis Ambush (2013–) players


title: Kermit Johnson

text:
Kermit DeKoven Johnson (born February 22, 1952) is a former American football running back who played two seasons with the San Francisco 49ers of the National Football League (NFL). He was drafted by the San Francisco 49ers in the seventh round of the 1974 NFL Draft.

Johnson attended Blair High School in his hometown of Pasadena, California. He played college football for the UCLA Bruins football team, where he was a Consensus All-American and was named to the 1973 All-Pacific-8 Conference football team.

He was also a running back for the Southern California Sun of the World Football League.

References

External links
College stats

1952 births
All-American college football players
American football running backs
Living people
Players of American football from Los Angeles
San Francisco 49ers players
Southern California Sun players
UCLA Bruins football players
Players of American football from Pasadena, California
Blair High School (Pasadena, California) alumni


title: Consuelo H. Wilkins

text:
Consuelo H. Wilkins is an American physician, biomedical researcher, and health equity expert. She is Senior Vice President and Senior Associate Dean for Health Equity and Inclusive Excellence at Vanderbilt University Medical Center. She is a professor of medicine in the Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics at Vanderbilt University School of Medicine and has a joint appointment at Meharry Medical College. She additionally serves as one of the principal investigators of the Vanderbilt Clinical and Translational Science Award, Director of the Meharry-Vanderbilt Community Engaged Research Core (CTSA)  and as vice president for Health Equity at Vanderbilt University Medical Center.

She is also a Principal Investigator for the Vanderbilt-Miami-Meharry Center of Excellence in Precision Medicine and Population Health. The center launched in 2016 after Vanderbilt University Medical Center, the University of Miami and Meharry Medical College received receive an $11.6 million grant from the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, and it conducts precision medicine research with the intention to eliminate health disparities, particularly among African-Americans and Latinos. Wilkins serves on the Admin Core.

Additionally, Wilkins serves on a recruitment innovation center made possible by a $14 million grant from the National Institutes of Health to Vanderbilt University Medical Center in 2016. The center works to increase clinical trial participation in minority groups.

Previously, as executive director of the Meharry-Vanderbilt Alliance, Wilkins and the MVA led efforts to establish a state association for community health workers in Tennessee in 2016, by bringing together key players from across Nashville to form a collaborative.

Background

Dr. Wilkins attended Howard University in Washington, D.C.; Duke University Medical Center in Durham, NC; and Washington University in St. Louis, MO. She received a bachelor's degree in microbiology from Howard University, an M.D. from Howard University College of Medicine (1996)  and a Master of Science in Clinical Investigation from Washington University School of Medicine (2002).

She was an associate professor of medicine, psychiatry and surgery at Washington University until 2012 when she was named executive director of the Meharry-Vanderbilt Alliance in Nashville, TN. She was also director of the Institute for Public Health's Center for Community Health and Partnerships at Washington University and co-director of the Center for Community Engaged Research in the Institute of Clinical and Translational Science.

After joining the Meharry-Vanderbilt Alliance, she became co-chair of the Community Partners Integration Workgroup of the CTSA Consortium's Community Engagement Key Function Committee in 2012. Several initiatives, including a Consortium-wide inventory of community members’ involvement in CTSA activities, resulted from this workgroup.

Her experience in the healthcare field includes clinical and translational research like clinical trials, secondary data analyses and community-engaged research. In 2013, she received a Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute Research Award for her proposal "Improving Patient Engagement and Understanding Its Impact on Research Through Community Review Boards." One year later, in 2014, she became a member of the PCORnet Patient & Consumer Engagement (PCE) Task Force  and the PCORI Advisory Panel on Clinical Trials (CTAP), Subcommittee on Recruitment, Accrual and Retention (RAR).

In 2018, she was quoted in the Smithsonian Magazine article "The DNA Data We Have Is Too White. Scientists Want to Fix That," where she discussed the challenges of gaining minorities' trust.

In 2019, she was named vice president for Health Equity at Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Associate Dean for Health Equity with the Vanderbilt University School of Medicine.

In 2020, she ended her tenure as executive director of the MVA and passed the leadership role onto Karen Winkfield, MD, PhD.

Awards and honors

Dr. Wilkins is a member of the Association of American Medical Colleges as part of the Research on Care Community (ROCC) and has been designated a ROCC Star. She is also ranked among the Fifty Most Innovative People in Healthcare by Healthcare Administration Degree Programs.

In 2008, she received the Kopolow Award for Excellence in Geriatrics, Neurology or Psychiatry and the Distinguished Community Service Award from Washington University.

In 2013, she was named a Norman R. Seay Lecturer for the Knight's Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, and she received the Association of American Medical Colleges Learning Health System Challenge Award.

She is a graduate of the 2014-15 class of the Hedwig van Ameringen Executive Leadership in Academic Medicine (ELAM) Program for Women.

Dr. Wilkins is an elected member of the National Academy of Medicine, year 2020.
She is recipient of the 2021 Marion Spencer Fay Award, Institute for Women's Health & Leadership, Drexel University College of Medicine and recipient of a Nashville Business Journal 2021 Health Care Innovation Award. In February 2022, Dr. Wilkins became an elected member of the American Society for Clinical Investigation.

References

External links

 Dr. Consuelo H. Wilkins, MD, MSCI's Vanderbilt University profile

Meharry Medical College people
Howard University alumni
Duke University School of Medicine alumni
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Howard University College of Medicine alumni
Vanderbilt University faculty
Washington University School of Medicine faculty
Vanderbilt University administrators
Washington University School of Medicine alumni


title: Vittorio Radice

text:
Vittorio Radice (born 2 April 1957, in Como) is an Italian businessman, investor, retail veteran, chairman of Switzerland's Globus and vice-chairman of Italy's la Rinascente S.p.A.. Credited with revamping London department store Selfridges, 150-year-old Italian department store la Rinascente, Berlin's Kaufhaus des Westens and Switzerland's Globus.

Early life
The son of a furniture retailer, Vittorio surprised himself and his family by studying agriculture at Milan University before doing his military service. After leaving the army he joined Associated Merchandising Corporation, then one of the largest global buying organisations for Department Stores. By the age of thirty he was responsible for developing ranges and sourcing furniture and home furnishings in more than twenty countries.

Early business career and Habitat UK
In 1990, he joined Habitat International as buying director, when it was part of the Storehouse group, to set up a central purchasing operation. He was appointed managing director of Habitat UK in 1992, shortly before the company was sold to IKEA, and set about the transformation of an ailing business with losses of £7 million into a company twice the size and profits of over £12 million.

Selfridges
He continued to build on success at Habitat until he was headhunted to join Selfridges as managing director in 1996. In this role he has transformed what was a "comfy old cardigan" of a store into the "big sexy giant" that it now is.

In 1998 Vittorio led the successful de-merger of Selfridges from the Sears conglomerate. On the back of continuous increase in sales and profit, the Selfridges market value doubled in 4 years. The company was taken private again in July 2003.

Rinascente and Central Group
In 2003 Vittorio was headhunted by Marks & Spencer to set up a new chain of stores dedicated to home furnishings. The first store called Lifestore opened in Newcastle in February 2004. Upon the opening of the first pilot home store Vittorio's role was extended. He was given responsibility for all areas of merchandising, excluding food, including store design & development. However this new role was short lived. In spring 2004 a new chairman and Chief Executive were appointed, and new strategies were announced. As a consequence Vittorio left the company in June 2004.

In early 2005, following the acquisition of la Rinascente by a consortium of private equity and real estate funds, he was appointed chief executive of the Rinascente Department Store business. After a successful program of remodeling and re-positioning of the business, in 2011 Rinascente was sold to Central Retail Corporation of Thailand, with Vittorio remaining at the helm as CEO. In May 2012 he assumed the role of vice chairman in charge of international development. In 2013 Rinascente acquired Danish department store Illum, kick-starting a long-term ambition of building a collection of European historic department stores under the CRC I Rinascente umbrella. This project found further ground early in 2015 with the acquisition of the iconic German Kadewe Group. Vittorio is now fully immersed in the transformation of the newly acquired stores.

Radio
He appeared as a castaway on the BBC Radio programme Desert Island Discs on 8 June 2003.

References

Living people
1957 births
Place of birth missing (living people)
Italian chief executives
University of Milan alumni


title: Toy Soldiers: War Chest

text:
Toy Soldiers: War Chest is an  action/strategy video game developed by Signal Studios and published by Ubisoft. The game was released in August 2015 for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 4 and Xbox One.

War Chest is the first title in the series not to be a Microsoft console exclusive.

Gameplay
Toy Soldiers: War Chest is similar to the previous games where players prevent enemy units from reaching the toybox by building and upgrading turrets. In War Chest, turrets can be improved by upgrading armor, fire rate and damage separately. The enemy AI is improved as well. For example, destroying a bridge will cause ground units to take a different path to the toybox. Certain units have the ability to heal nearby units and some will focus on destroying any placed turrets.

Barrages and playable units from Toy Soldiers: Cold War return with a few changes. Instead of earning killstreaks or destroying a specially marked enemy unit, the game uses a bar that fills up when killing enemy units. When the bar is filled to a certain amount, a special ability can used to call in barrages or spawn a hero unit such as a zeppelin that performs a bombing run.

The game features 4 highly customizable armies (8 in Hall of Fame Edition). Players can choose which turrets to deploy, barrages and modify the hero's arsenal. As the game progresses, new customization options will become available

Release
War Chest comes in two versions: Standard and Hall of Fame Edition. The Standard version is digital while the Hall of Fame Edition is available on disc except for the PC version which is all digital. The standard version features four playable armies; in addition to Kaiser from the original game, War Chest includes three new original armies, namely Phantom, StarBright and Dark Lord.

The Hall of Fame Edition features four additional licensed armies based on fictional characters. This includes Duke and Cobra Commander from G.I. Joe, Ezio Auditore da Firenze from Assassin's Creed and He-Man from Masters of the Universe. The characters can be purchased separately or as a bundle on the standard version.

Reception

The game received "mixed" reviews on all platforms according to the review aggregation website Metacritic.

National Post gave the PlayStation 4 version 7.5 out of 10, saying, "Even without multiplayer, though, there's a good 20-plus hours of action packed into this fun little childhood throwback – more than enough to keep strategy fans occupied until the end of the summer." However, The Digital Fix gave the Xbox One version five out of ten, calling it "a decent tower defence title but is severely hamstrung by poor performance, dodgy looks, a big old paywall to character content and some odd design decisions." Metro gave the same console version three out of ten, saying, "Mixing Tower Defense, third person action, and beloved '80s toys should've been a recipe for success, but this bland sequel doesn't do justice to any of its ideas."

References

External links

2015 video games
Action games
Multiplayer and single-player video games
PlayStation 4 games
Signal Studios games
Split-screen multiplayer games
Strategy video games
Tower defense video games
Ubisoft games
Video games about toys
Video games based on toys
Video games developed in the United States
Windows games
World War I video games
Xbox One games


title: Anais Pouliot

text:
Anais Pouliot is a Canadian model. Born in Chicoutimi, Quebec, Pouliot now lives in New York City.

Career
She has been featured on adverts for, among others, Louis Vuitton, Nina Ricci, Topshop, Sonia Rykiel, Aldo, H&M, Yves Saint Laurent, , Anna Sui, Mugler, Mih jeans, Emporio Armani, Lancôme, Urban Outfitters, Tod's, Kate Spade, Nasty Gal and Barneys New York.

She has been on numerous magazine covers, including Vogue, Acne Paper, Elle, Fashion, Oyster, Vogue UK, L'Express, Le Monde, L'Officiel, Marie Claire and Air France Madame.

She often poses for Victoria's Secret website and catalogues.

She is said to be a friend of Miuccia Prada. To that, she answers "Let's say she recognizes me when she meets me on the street, and she smiles at me." She is also one of Terry Richardson's favorite models.

References

External links

Canadian female models
People from Saguenay, Quebec
Living people
French Quebecers
Elite Model Management models
Year of birth missing (living people)


title: Romain-Vincent Jeuffroy

text:
Romain-Vincent Jeuffroy (16 July 1749 – 2 August 1826) was a French gemstone engraver and medalist. He was active before and during the French Revolution and the First French Empire, and made many medals for Napoleon.

Life

Romain-Vincent Jeuffroy was born on 16 July 1749 in Rouen.
He learned his art without a master, imitating an engraved stone that had come into his hands. He made his own tools.
He became known, and was sponsored to go to Rome to perfect his art.
In 1770 Jeuffroy went to Rome and then to Naples, where he lived for ten years.
He worked with Johannes Pichler.
He produced many engraved or embossed works, including much work for the French ambassador, the Marquis Jean-Baptiste-Charles-François de Clermont-d'Amboise.

After returning to France he made Paris his home.
After Jacques Guay (1715–1787) stopped working, Charles-Claude Flahaut de la Billaderie (1730–1809) tried to revive gemstone engraving.
He promised to give the work to Jeuffroy, but did not keep his engagement.
Jeuffroy engraved several portraits, which made his reputation.
In 1790 he accepted an offer from King Stanislaus II of Poland and moved to Warsaw.

Jeuffroy returned to Paris and was appointed a member of the Institut de France in 1803.
He created a commemorative medal for Napoleon entitled "The Treaty of Amiens Broken by England, May 1803".
Jeuffroy was made a Knight of the Legion of Honour.
In 1805 Napoleon founded a school of gemstone engraving, headed by Jeuffroy.
The school was established in the deaf-mute institution.
In 1816 Jeuffroy was made a member of the Académie des Beaux-Arts in the engraving section.

Jeuffroy died on 2 August 1826 in Bas-Prunay near Saint-Germain-en-Laye at the age of 77.
Pierre-Amédée Dupaty, the medal engraver and sculptor, was one of his pupils.
Nicolas-Pierre Tiolier, who became the official engraver of coins, was another pupil.

Work

Jeuffroy made masterpieces in his genre, particularly the heads of women.
His portrait subjects include the King of Poland, Prince Lubomirski and Julie Clary, Queen Consort of Naples.

Gemstone engravings

 Head of Jupiter
Louis XVI
Marie Antoinette
Military piety
Love floating on his quiver
Head of Regulus.
Angel worshiping
Medusa
The genius of Bacchus
Victor drinking from a cup
Bacchante

Medals

The Dauphin
Fourcroy
Madame d'Epremesnil
Mirabeau
Dancarville
Mme. Regnault de Saint-Jean d'Angely
Mme. Cosway
 The conquest of Hanover
Peace of Amiens
Coronation of Napoleon
Bonaparte armed.
Capitulation of Spandau and Magdeburg.
Death of Louis XVII.
Accession of Louis XVIII, March 20.
Petrarch.
Heads of the three consuls.
Venus de Medici.
The Temple prison.
Medal of the Legislature.
Seal of the Legion of Honor.

References

Sources

External links

1749 births
1826 deaths
French engravers


title: Neocrassa neocrassa

text:
Neocrassa neocrassa is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Helicidae, the typical snails.

Geographic distribution
The native distribution of N. neocrassa includes southern Albania and north-western Greece (western Epirus and Corfu).

References

Codringtonia
Molluscs of Europe
Fauna of Albania
Gastropods described in 1952


title: Akile Hatun

text:
Akile Hatun (; , "Intelligence" or "wisdom"), called also Akile Hanim, was a wife of Sultan Osman II of the Ottoman Empire.

Family
Akile Hatun was the daughter of Şeyhülislam Hocazade Esad Efendi (1570 – 1625), member of one of the most venerated ulema lineages in Ottoman history. Her mother was the daughter of Bostanzâde Mehmed Efendi (died 1598), who had served as the chief mufti under Sultan Murad III, and his son Sultan Mehmed III. She had three brothers named Ebusaid Mehmed Efendi (1593-94 – 1662), who also served as a Şeyhülislam, Arif Mehmed Efendi (died 1622), and Ebussuud Efendi (died 1682). She was the granddaughter of esteemed Hoca Sadeddin Efendi (1536-37 – 1599), royal tutor, müfti, historian and founder of a veritable dynasty of prominent religious officials (two of his four sons and three of his grandsons held the post of müfti, while his other two sons held the post of chief justice).

Marriage
From the time the Ottomans endeavored to transform themselves from an outstanding family of ghazis, whose status vis-à-vis other prominent ghazi families was that of primus inter pares, into a ruling dynasty from which sovereignty emanated, one of the most fundamental notions that guided this ruling house was the prerequisite of avoiding consequential ties with the free aristocracy within the society. However, in 1622, Osman considered marrying Akile. At first, Esad Efendi refused the sultan's intention to marry his daughter, because such a marriage would constitute a serious break in the Ottoman dynastic tradition. The bailo Giustinian noted that Osman was considered to be capricious and immature in the eyes of his people and that he acted without first consulting his advisors. Moreover, according to the bailo, the marriage was seen as a new practice that could harm the well-being of the empire.

Meanwhile, the government viziers were concerned in that the sultan's marriage
to the daughter of the mufti could disrupt the delicate balance of power in the imperial court for it would enable Esad Efendi to exert more influence over the sultan, thus emergence of an alternative focus of power among them. In the end, despite his initial refusal, Esad Efendi complied with the sultan's demand to marry his daughter. As the wedding dowry, Osman gave 600,000 gold coins to his new father-in-law. The marriage was celebrated in the Old Palace with fireworks in 19 March 1622, only a few months before Osman's death. Acting as the sultan's proxy in the marriage was the prominent Jelveti sheikh Üsküdari Mahmud, among whose followers figured Esad Efendi.

The Venetian bailo commented on the marriage by saying that Esad Efendi had accepted it simply to dissuade Osman from undertaking the Pilgrimage. Nevizade Atai, compiler of a seventeenth century ulema biography, described Esad Efendi as "a second Edebali" because he was honored by the tie of marriage to the dynasty and foremost among the ulema. By the marriage of Akile to Osman her father's relations with the sultan cooled, in part at least because of the marriage. Her marriage with Osman was a sharp break with the dynasty's tradition of avoiding legal alliances, especially with high born Muslim women and it contributed to the popular discontent that culminated in his deposition.

The sight of Akile, a free born Muslim of exceptional pedigree, passing through the Babüssaade and into the harem must have seemed an inconceivable nightmare to an Ottoman. However, privy purse accounts suggest that Akile never entered the harem of the imperial palace. Certainly this free born Muslim woman of great status would have been an anomaly in a household composed of slaves, and her presence disruptive of the harem's established hierarchies. An incident related by the Venetian ambassador Simon Contarini in his 1612 report suggests that the prospect of a free muslim woman residing within the imperial harem may have been an important element in the unpopularity of the marriage.

After Osman's death in May 1622, she married Ganizade Nadiri Efendi in 1627, a famous Ottoman scholar, poet and calligrapher.

Issue
Akile may be the mother of the twins Şehzade Mustafa and Zeynep Sultan, born after the death of their father in November 1622, nine months after Akile's marriage, and died in the early months of 1623 for uncertain causes.

However this is uncertain because the mother of the twins is not indicated in any document. According to Oztüna, Akile Hatun was the mother of the two, but according to Peirce the marriage was probably never consummated, which however is only a theory and contradicts the primary sources.

Some indicate that Akile's second marriage, albeit after the death of her children, as proof that she was not the mother, but in reality there had already been concubines and consorts who, left childless, had left the harem and remarried, and there were other cases after Osman, as example Hümaşah Sultan, legal wife of Ibrahim I and mother of a son died in infancy.

As Akile was a free woman, leave Palace After Osman's death and remarriage would have been in her right.

In popular culture
In 2015 Turkish historical non-fiction TV series Muhteşem Yüzyıl: Kösem, Akile Hatun is portrayed by Turkish actress Bahar Selvi. In the series, she is called Akile Hanim and is the mother of Şehzade Mustafa and Zeynep Sultan. In the series, the twins born shortly before Osman's death and not six months after it.

Ancestry

References

17th-century consorts of Ottoman sultans
Year of birth unknown
Year of death missing
Royalty from Istanbul


title: Safe Passage Project

text:
Safe Passage Project Corporation is a non-profit legal services organization that provides free lawyers to refugee and immigrant children in the New York City-area who face deportation.

Descriptions
Safe Passage Project serves immigrant children in New York City and Long Island under age 21. The Safe Passage Project attorneys  represent immigrant children in immigration court.  Safe Passage protects their legal right to be heard and to have a fair process to determine if they may remain permanently in the United States.  Safe Passage Project recruits, trains, and mentors pro bono attorneys.

History
Safe Passage Project was founded by Professor Lenni Benson, in 2006. In May 2013, Safe Passage Project was incorporated in the State of New York as a section 501(c)(3) charitable nonprofit organization. In 2016, the board named Rich Leimsider as the first paid Executive Director.

Accomplishments
As of 2019, Safe Passage Project has provided more than 800 immigrant children with full free legal representation, and has won 90% of their cases.

Safe Passage Project has assisted more than 1,500 children by securing pro bono representation and mentoring attorneys. The organization has helped additional children through screening clinics and know your rights presentations. Safe Passage Project has mentored over 400 attorneys working with law student volunteers.

Safe Passage received the 2008 New York State Bar Association outstanding pro bono project, and the 2013 American Immigration Lawyers Association Pro Bono Hero award.

References

External links

Children's charities based in the United States
Immigrant services organizations
Non-profit organizations based in New York City
Organizations established in 2012
Legal advocacy organizations in the United States
2012 establishments in New York City


title: Chumpitaz

text:
Chumpitaz is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Héctor Chumpitaz, Peruvian football player
Iván Chumpitaz, Peruvian football player
Javier Chumpitaz, Peruvian football player
Raquel Chumpitaz, Peruvian volleyball player

Quechuan-language surnames


title: Lucas Boyé

text:
Lucas Ariel Boyé (born 28 February 1996) is an Argentine professional footballer who plays as a striker for  club Granada and the Argentina national team.

Club career

Early career
Boyé was called up by Ramon Diaz for River Plate's pre-season in Salta in January 2014. His unofficial debut took place on 29 January 2014 in a friendly against San Lorenzo de Almagro at the Estadio Padre Ernesto Martearena in Salta, when he replaced Jonathan Fabbro 23 minutes into the second half. River Plate lost the match to San Lorenzo 3–1.

Soon after he returned to play for the first team in another friendly, this time against the provincial team of San Luis, entering at the beginning of the second half to replace Daniel Villalba in a match which River Plate won 3–1. He made his official debut against Ferro in the final tournament of the 2013–14 Copa Argentina, in a match which River Plate won 6–5 in a penalty shootout.

His debut in the Argentine Primera División came in a 1–1 tie against Gimnasia y Esgrima on the first day of the 2014 Torneo de Transición.  Four days later, on 31 August, Boyé scored his first goal in the Primera División off an assist from Tomas Martinez, the third in a match which River won 3–1 against San Lorenzo.

Torino
On 1 February 2016, he signed a contract with Italian club Torino for four seasons, starting in July 2016.

Loan deals
On 31 January 2018, he moved on loan to Spanish club Celta.

In the 2018–19 season Boyé joined AEK on loan. On 28 October 2018 he scored his first goal for the club in a 4–0 home win game against Aris Thessaloniki. On 23 February 2019, he scored a brace, his first in his career, sealing a 2–1 home win game against Apollon Smyrnis.

On 2 August 2019, English Championship club Reading announced the signing of Boyé on a season-long loan deal from Torino. He scored his first goal for Reading in an EFL Cup tie against Wolverhampton Wanderers on 25 September 2019. However he also went on to miss a penalty in the shootout in the same game as Reading ultimately lost.

Elche
On 21 September 2020, the newly promoted La Liga team Elche announced that Boyé had joined them on loan with an option to buy. On 13 May 2021, Elche announced that they had exercised the option to buy Boyé permanently.

Granada
On 30 August 2023, Boyé joined La Liga side Granada for a reported fee of €7 million, plus add-ons, signing a four-year contract with the club.

Style of play
Nicknamed El Tanque (The Tank) or El Toro (The Bull), Boyé is described as a well structured, yet agile centre forward, with excellent technique and dribbling ability. He is noted for his work rate and willingness to sacrifice himself for the team. He is compared to former Roma forward Abel Balbo.

Career statistics

Club

International

Honours
River Plate
Copa Libertadores: 2015
Copa Sudamericana: 2014
Recopa Sudamericana: 2015
Suruga Bank Championship: 2015
Copa Euroamericana: 2015

References

External links

Living people
1996 births
Men's association football forwards
Argentine men's footballers
Argentine expatriate men's footballers
Club Atlético River Plate footballers
Newell's Old Boys footballers
Torino FC players
RC Celta de Vigo players
AEK Athens F.C. players
Reading F.C. players
Elche CF players
Granada CF footballers
Argentine Primera División players
Serie A players
La Liga players
Super League Greece players
Argentine expatriate sportspeople in Italy
Argentine expatriate sportspeople in Spain
Argentine expatriate sportspeople in Greece
Argentine expatriate sportspeople in England
Expatriate men's footballers in Italy
Expatriate men's footballers in Spain
Expatriate men's footballers in Greece
Expatriate men's footballers in England


title: Synctool

text:
Synctool is an open-source configuration management system, written by Walter de Jong, the systems expert at SURFsara. Synctool aims to be easy to understand, learn and use. It is built in Python and makes use of SSH (with host or key based authentication) and rsync. It has the following characteristics:
 A host can be part of logical group.
 Groups can be nested.
 Files are designated in groups by means of the filename extension.
 The 'overlay' directory tree contains the files and directories that should be copied (or 'synced') to the target host.
 No specific language is needed; scripts can be added in any scripting language.
 Scripts can be linked to files to perform actions after a file update.
 The 'tasks' directory contains scripts that are not linked to specific files but to a host or host groups; these tasks can be used for software package management. Synctool by itself offers limited package management tools.

See also

Comparison of open-source configuration management software
Infrastructure as code (IaC)
Infrastructure as Code Tools

References

Configuration management
System administration
Free network management software
Multi-agent network management software


title: Visa vid vindens ängar (song)

text:
"Visa vid vindens ängar" is a summer song written by Mats Paulson, who recorded it on his 1966 album En stad, en morgon. A Lars Lönndahl recording charted at Svensktoppen for one week, on 22 May 1977.

Covers
The song been recorded by Mats Rådberg in 1988, and by Håkan Hellström on the 2002 EP Luften bor i mina steg, a version which charted at Trackslistan.

The Belarusian-Norwegian artist Alexander Rybak also recorded it for his similarly titled album Visa vid vindens ängar, his third released on 15 June 2011 in Norway.

Linda Pira covered it and her version has charted in the Sverigetopplistan Swedish singles chart in February 2015.

References

1966 songs
Swedish-language songs
Swedish songs
Songs written by Mats Paulson
Håkan Hellström songs
Mats Rådberg songs


title: La Gata (1970 TV series)

text:
La Gata, is a Mexican telenovela produced by Valentín Pimstein for Teleprogramas Acapulco, SA in 1970. It stars María Rivas and Juan Ferrara. Based on an original story by Inés Rodena and adapted by Estela Calderón.

Cast

References

External links

Televisa telenovelas
1970 telenovelas
1970 Mexican television series debuts
1970 Mexican television series endings
Mexican television series based on Venezuelan television series
Spanish-language telenovelas


Mwalimu Cooperative Savings and Credit Society Limited, also known as Mwalimu National Sacco Limited, but often referred to as Mwalimu Sacco, is a savings and credit co-operative society (Sacco) in Kenya, the largest economy in the East African Community. It is an institutional Sacco, composed of the staff of the Teachers Service Commission (TSC), TSC teachers in secondary and tertiary institutions, TSC teachers in elementary schools, the staff of Mwalimu National Sacco Limited and the spouses of the above members, when formally gainfully employed. The society is licensed and regulated by the Sacco Societies Regulatory Authority.

Overview
Mwalimu Sacco is a medium-tier financial services provider in Kenya. , it was the largest Savings and Cooperative Society (Sacco) in the country, with an asset base valued at about US$282.2 million (KES:24.5 billion). At that time, the society had in excess of 57,520 members and a loan book of approximately US$241.5 million (KES:20.96 billion).  If Mwalimu Sacco were a commercial bank, it would rank number 23, by assets, out of the 43 licensed commercial banks in Kenya, just below Guaranty Trust Bank (East Africa). As at December 2013, Mwalimu Sacco was ranked as the number one SACCO in Kenya, as measured by assets and revenue

History
The society was established in 1974, with the objective of mobilizing savings from its members and providing loans to members, using those resources. In 2013, Joshua Ojall, the society CEO at the time, announced plans to build up to 100 housing units in the outskirts of Nairobi, the capital and largest city in Kenya and East Africa. The houses and apartments constructed using a US$5.2 million (KSh450 million) fund will be sold to Society members at between KSh2.8 million and KSh4.5 million (US$33,000 - US$52,000). The program is expected to roll out in other Kenyan urban centers after the Nairobi opening. In 2014, the Chairman of the Society announced plans to open a commercial bank, known as Spire Bank, between 2014 and 2018.

Ownership
The shares of stock of Mwalimu National Sacco Limited are privately owned. The detailed shareholding in the Cooperative society is not widely, publicly known.

Subsidiaries
In December 2014, Mwalimu Sacco acquired 51% shareholding in Equatorial Commercial Bank (ECB), a Kenyan retail commercial bank, for a cash payment of KES:1.7 billion (approximately USD:18 million). The sales agreement provided for the Sacco to purchase another 24% shareholding in the bank before 31 December 2015, to enable ECB comply with Central Bank of Kenya shareholding directives. The Sacco will then turn around and sell some of its shareholding in the bank, to some of its members. Following the resolution of objections raised by the Cooperative Alliance of Kenya, a commission set up to investigate the deal, gave its approval in March 2015.

Branches
, the society maintains a network of branches at the following locations:
 Tom Mboya Branch - Mwalimu Cooperative House, Tom Mboya Street, Nairobi (Main Branch)
 TSC Branch - Teacher Service Commission Centre, Upper Hill, Nairobi
 Kisumu Branch - Kenya Reinsurance Plaza, Oginga Odinga Street, Kisumu
 Nyeri Branch - Kanisa Road, Nyeri
 Kisii Branch - Ouru Complex, Kisii
 Webuye Branch - Afro Fancy House, Webuye
 Mombasa Branch - Arrow Plaza, Mombasa
 Kitui Branch - Winlo Complex, Kilungya Street, Kitui
 Meru Branch - Stemuki Plaza, Kirukiri Street, Meru
 Eldoret Branch - Zion Mall, Uganda Road, Eldoret
 Nakuru Branch - Vickers House, Kenyatta Avenue, Nakuru

See also

References

External links
  Mwalimu Sacco Summons EGM to Approve Sh500m Cash Call
  Website of Sacco Societies Regulatory Authority of Kenya
 Website of Mwalimu Sacco Limited
 Kenya Eases Pain of Loan Defaulters, Alters Credit Bureau Rules

Banks established in 1974
Companies based in Nairobi
Banks of Kenya
Kenyan companies established in 1974


title: Puttalam line

text:
The Puttalam line (originally called the North-Western Line) is a  broad gauge railway line in the rail network of Sri Lanka.  The  railway line begins at Ragama junction and runs through the major towns along the north-west coast of the country, through to Periyanagavillu. It has forty two stations along its length.

Route definition

The line starts from Ragama and runs through the  towns of Kandana, Ja-Ela, Seeduwa,  Katunayake, Negombo City, Lunuwila, Naththandiya, Madampe, Chilaw, Bangadeniya, Mundel and ends at Puttalam.

The passenger trains by Sri Lanka Railways are operated up to Noor Nagar station beyond the Puttalam station and railway section beyond Noor Nagar station is used by Holcim Sri Lanka Limited for the transportation of raw materials from quarry to the factory at Puttalam.

This line is also used for the transportation of oil by trains to the Colombo International Airport.

History
Construction of the rail line to Puttalam commenced on 3 July 1907, with the laying of a railway line from Ragama to Ja-Ela. The project was initiated by Sir Henry Arthur Blake, Governor of Ceylon. The first passenger operations commenced on 9 November 1908. The Negombo railway station was opened on 1 December 1909, with the line extended to Chilaw in 1916. In November 1920 work commenced on the extension to Puttalam, which was officially opened on 12 May 1926.

In 1943 the track from Bangadeniya to Puttalam was removed, as the rails were required on other strategically important routes due to shortages caused by World War II. It was re-laid in 1946 with a number of new stations added to the line. The line was also extended beyond Puttalam to Periyanagavillu, where the route forked, with one line running to Aruwakkalu and the other to Illuwankulam.

In 2011 a  dual track between Ragama and Ja-Ela was officially opened. In 2017 the government commenced investigating the feasibility of extending the rail line from Puttalam via Norocholai power station (servicing the country's main coal power plant) to Mahawa, connecting the Northern and Puttalam lines.

Operations
This line is served by passenger and freight trains mostly class s9, s8 , s11 and s10 are used for daytime passenger trains whilst office trains are hauled by class s11, s13 , m4 and s9 . The main terminals of the trains are Negombo, Madampe, Chilaw, Puttalam and Noornagar. An uncontrollable crowd is seen during the peak hours ( Mainly from Colombo To Negombo )

References

Railway lines in Sri Lanka
Transport in Western Province, Sri Lanka
5 ft 6 in gauge railways in Sri Lanka


title: Booker Brown

text:
Booker Taylor Brown (September 25, 1952 – July 18, 2022) was an American football offensive tackle who played two seasons with the San Diego Chargers of the National Football League (NFL). He was drafted by the Houston Oilers in the sixth round of the 1974 NFL Draft. Brown first enrolled at Santa Barbara City College before transferring to the University of Southern California. He attended Santa Barbara High School in Santa Barbara, California. He was a consensus All-American in 1973. He was also a member of the Southern California Sun of the World Football League.

In 2019, Brown was inducted into the Santa Barbara City College Athletics Hall of Fame as a member of their inaugural class. On July 18, 2022, Brown died after an extended illness.

References

External links
Just Sports Stats

1952 births
2022 deaths
Players of American football from Mississippi
American football offensive tackles
African-American players of American football
USC Trojans football players
Southern California Sun players
San Diego Chargers players
All-American college football players
People from Wesson, Mississippi
Santa Barbara City Vaqueros football players
21st-century African-American people
20th-century African-American sportspeople


title: Marton, Cumbria

text:
Marton is a village on the Furness peninsula in the county of Cumbria, England. It shares a church, a parish council and primary school with the nearby Lindal-in-Furness.

References

External links

Lindal and Marton community website

Villages in Cumbria
Furness
Barrow-in-Furness


title: Karachi–Lahore Motorway

text:
The Karachi–Lahore Motorway (KLM) is a  under construction six-lane, high-speed, limited-access motorway that will connect Karachi and Peshawar through Islamabad, Lahore, Multan and Sukkur.

It was devised in the early 1990s as a combination of the M1 Motorway, M2 motorway, M3/M4 Motorway, M5 Motorway,
M6 Motorway and M9 Motorway. It is now considered a major component of the China Pakistan Economic Corridor, and will cost approximately $6.6 billion, with the bulk of financing to be distributed by various Chinese state-owned banks.

KLM is divided into seven sections including the

Karachi-Hyderabad (M-9) section 136 km (Re-carpeting of existing Super Highway)
Hyderabad-Sukkur (M-6) section 296 km
Sukkur-Multan (M-5) section 387 km
Multan-Abdul Hakeem (M-4) section 103
Abdul Hakeem-Lahore (M-3) section 230 km
Lahore-Islamabad (M2) section 376 km
Islamabad-Peshawar (M1) section 166 km

The 296-km stretch of M-6 from Hyderabad to Sukkur is the last missing link on the Karachi-Lahore motorway on which construction work has yet to be started.

Sections

Lahore Abdul Hakeem Motorway

Abdul Hakeem Multan Section

Multan Sukkur Section

Sukkur Hyderabad Section

References

Proposed roads in Pakistan
China–Pakistan Economic Corridor


title: Villca

text:
Villca is a surname, and may refer to;

Andrés Villca – Bolivian politician
Lino Villca Delgado – Bolivian politician
Óscar Soliz Villca – Bolivian professional road cyclist
Fredy Trocones Villcas – Mayor of Pacobamba District
Juan Mamani Villca – Mayor of Comanche Municipality
Doroteo Villca – Bolivian pianist

Quechuan-language surnames


title: Zaharia Carcalechi

text:
Zaharia Carcalechi (1784 or 1787—1856) was an Imperial Austrian-born Wallachian publisher.

Born into an Aromanian family in Oradea, his father, a merchant, later moved the family to Brașov. Zaharia, after settling in the Hungarian capital Buda, worked as a typographer and helped popularize books in the Romanian language. Opening a bookstore, he edited books in Romanian with the help of the university press; these were written by authors from Transylvania as well as from the Danubian Principalities. He edited a collection of theological and philosophical teachings as well as travel notes by Dinicu Golescu. In 1821, the oldest Romanian-language literary magazine, Biblioteca românească ("The Romanian Library"), appeared under his name in Buda. This publication, which he sought to shape into an encyclopedia, included history, literature, cultural advertising, popular science, sundry information, practical advice and miscellanea. It circulated in Transylvania and in the Principalities. He benefited from the assistance of Emanuil Gojdu, a patron of Romanian publishing houses in Buda. After the initial edition, further issues appeared in 1829-1830 and 1834. As part of a shift among Romanian publishers from Buda to Bucharest, he renounced his post at the Buda university in 1837, setting up in the capital of Wallachia.

Notes

1787 births
1856 deaths
People from Oradea
Romanians in Hungary
Hungarian people of Aromanian descent
Romanian magazine founders
Romanian publishers (people)
Aromanian editors


title: Gwen Salmond

text:
Mary Gwendoline Salmond, also known as Gwen Salmond (1877–1958), was a 19th-century British artist. She was the daughter of Major General William Salmond and wife of Sir Matthew Smith.

Early life
Salmond was the daughter of Major General William Salmond and Lady Emma Mary H. Hoyle Salmond. She became an artist against the "strictly bourgeois plans" of her parents. Her siblings were Emma, Gladys, Geoffrey, and John.

Education
Salmond studied at Slade School of Art where her friends included Gwen John and Ursula Tyrwhitt. Other students in the class of 1895, aside from Salmond and John, were Ida Nettleship and Edna Waugh.<ref name="Colourful lives">"Colourful Lives and Affairs of the Art: Portraits of Women." Times Higher Education. 4 September 1995. Retrieved 20 August 2014.</ref>

She went to Paris in the winter of 1898-1899 with Nettleship and John to further their education. They studied at the Académie Carmen, where James Abbott McNeill Whistler taught and Salmond paid John's fees. While there, the women made paintings of each other and self-portraits. Gwen John painted Nettleship and Salmond in Interior with Figures,'' which has been said to be "symbolic of modern Parisian life." Brian Louis Pearce and Nettleship lived in a flat on Rue Froidveau.

Augustus John, Gwen John's brother, said that these women were the "stars of his generation."

Marriage and children
Salmond met fellow artist Matthew Smith in 1907 in Whitby and she became his "greatest mentor." In 1912, she married Smith and they had two sons together, Mark (1915–1940) and Dermot (1916–1941). Their marriage was not happy; he left her permanently in 1922 but they never divorced, and he was always a strong supporter of her work. It was Salmond who raised the boys. Smith left his wife and sons because he felt they were "stifling his career."

Both sons served in the Royal Air Force during World War II and were killed during the war.

Career
Her works were exhibited at Leicester Galleries, Royal Academy and the New English Art Club (NEAC).

Her considerable skills as a draughtswoman made her much in demand as a teacher of drawing. Salmond taught at the Chelsea Art School, which was managed by her friends Augustus John and William Orpen from the Slade, London County Council and Clapham Art School.

References

External links
 Gwen Salmond, Collage, City of London

1877 births
1958 deaths
20th-century British painters
20th-century British women artists
Alumni of the Slade School of Fine Art
Académie Carmen alumni


title: Gere Glück

text:
Gere Glück is a retired West German slalom canoeist who competed from the mid-1960s to the early 1970s. He won a bronze medal in the C-2 team event at the 1967 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships in Lipno.

References

German male canoeists
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Medalists at the ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships


title: Marudur

text:
Marudur may refer to:

Marudur, Karur A panchayat town in karur district in India.
Marudur, Coimbatore A panchayat village in coimbatore in India.