title: Noel Mulcahy

text:
Noel William Mulcahy (1929 – 28 February 2019) was an Irish Fianna Fáil politician. He was a member of Seanad Éireann from 1977 to 1981. He was an unsuccessful Fianna Fáil candidate for the Dublin North-Central constituency at the 1977 general election. He was nominated by the Taoiseach to the 14th Seanad in 1977. He did not contest the 1981 Seanad election.

Mulcahy died on 28 February 2019.

References

1929 births
2019 deaths
Fianna Fáil senators
Members of the 14th Seanad
Nominated members of Seanad Éireann


title: Treaty of Ribemont (1179)

text:
The Treaty of Ribemont  was signed on 2 May 1179 by the two eldest sons of the late Duke Matthias I of Lorraine. Matthias had died in 1176, without having laid down plans for his succession, and his duchy was claimed by his eldest son, Simon, and his second son, Frederick. In 1178 civil war broke out between the brothers. Through the mediation of Count Philip of Flanders the next year, the brothers were able to reach an agreement at Ribemont to partition the duchy. Simon received the southern, French-speaking part of the duchy, and Frederick received the northern, German-speaking part plus Ormes and Gerbéviller. Frederick also pledged himself to be his brother's vassal, but he employed the title "Duke of Bitche", an expression of equal status.

In 1206 Simon abdicated and the duchy was reunited in the hands of his brother, as per the treaty of 1179.

Notes

Sources

1179
1179 in Europe
12th century in Europe
Ribemont


title: Panara (butterfly)

text:
Panara is a genus in the butterfly family Riodinidae present in the Neotropical realm.

The species in this genus closely resemble each other. They are black with an orange oblique band of the forewing (also found in Isapis and many other Riodinidae Mesene, Aricoris, Chamaelimnas, Melanis etc).They are rather strongly built and exceptionally good flyers and also sometimes fly about in day-time, the flight being somewhat like that of moths, so that they are difficult to distinguish from quite a number of similarly coloured species of Geometridae and Arctiidae found at the same places. In the hindwing the cell is possibly still shorter than in most of the other Eryrinidae; on the forewing the first subcostal vein branches off just before the cell-end, the second directly behind it. They are not so local as the other Riodinidae.

Species

 Panara aureizona Butler, 1874 present in Brazil
 Panara jarbas (Drury, 1782) present in Brazil
 Panara ovifera Seitz, 1913 present in Brazil
 Panara soana Hewitson, 1875 present in Brazil
 Panara phereclus (Linnaeus, 1758); present in French Guiana, Guyana, Bolivia, Brazil and Peru.

References

TOL

Riodininae
Riodinidae of South America
Butterfly genera
Taxa named by Edward Doubleday


title: Rani Chitralekha Bhonsle

text:
Rani Chitralekha Bhonsle (26 February 1941 – 16 August 2015) was a political and social worker and a Member of Parliament elected from the Ramtek constituency in the Indian state of Maharashtra being an Indian National Congress candidate.

Early life
Bhonsle was born on 26 February 1941 in Baroda in the Indian state of Gujarat. She married Tejsingrao Bhonsle on 25 December 1959 and has two sons, Laxmansingh and Mansingh as well as three daughters, Lalitaraje, Menkaraje and Ketkiraje.

Education & interests
Rani completed her Bachelor of Arts from Sahajirao Gaikwad College, M.S. University, Baroda (Gujarat). Her interests include painting and reading. She is also a Chairperson of the District Volleyball Association, Nagpur.

Career
Rani was elected to the 12th Lok Sabha in 1998. During 1998–99, she was a Member on the Consultative Committee, Ministry of Coal.

References

1941 births
2015 deaths
Women in Maharashtra politics
India MPs 1998–1999
People from Nagpur district
Articles created or expanded during Women's History Month (India) - 2014
Marathi politicians
Lok Sabha members from Maharashtra
20th-century Indian women politicians
20th-century Indian politicians
Indian National Congress politicians from Maharashtra


title: Rockingham Dragway (North Carolina)

text:
Rockingham Dragway is an American auto racing facility, opened in 1970. It is located in Rockingham, North Carolina. The drag racing venue has a capacity of 30,000.

References

Motorsport venues in North Carolina
NHRA Division 1 drag racing venues


title: Keith Whitley: A Tribute Album

text:
Keith Whitley: A Tribute Album is a tribute album to American country music singer Keith Whitley. It was released in 1994 via BNA Records.

Content
The album includes renditions of Keith Whitley's songs by various country music artists, as well as an original composition called "Little Boy Lost", co-written and performed by Daron Norwood.  The album also contains four previously unreleased Whitley demos from 1984 that were enhanced by the album's producer, Blake Melvin.  The four songs are "I'm Gonna Hurt Her on the Radio", "Charlotte's in North Carolina", "The Comeback Kid", and "I Just Want You" (on which his widow, Lorrie Morgan, was dubbed in as a duet partner). The final track, "A Voice Still Rings True", is another original composition written for the album and performed by the "All-Star Band", which featured John Anderson, Steve Wariner, Sawyer Brown, Joe Diffie, and Ricky Skaggs on lead vocals, with backing vocals including Tanya Tucker, Mark Collie, T. Graham Brown, Deborah Allen, Rhonda Vincent, Dean Dillon, Turner Nichols, Earl Thomas Conley, Larry Cordle, and Ken Mellons.

Alison Krauss's rendition of "When You Say Nothing at All" was released as a single from the album in 1995.

Critical reception
An uncredited review in Allmusic gave the album 4 stars out of 5, praising the performances of Alan Jackson, Diamond Rio, Alison Krauss, and Joe Diffie in particular. People also reviewed the album favorably, with an also uncredited review saying that "But while the artists paying their respects do their best to capture the spirit of Whitley's originals, it is the four previously unreleased cuts sung by the man himself…that ultimately prove to be the most satisfying." Alanna Nash of Entertainment Weekly was less favorable, saying that "only Morgan and [Mark] Chesnutt match Whitley's pained intensity" and giving the album a "C+".

Track listing

Chart performance

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Certifications

References

BNA Records albums
Keith Whitley tribute albums
1994 albums


title: Robert Eaglestone

text:
Robert Eaglestone (born 1968) is a British literary critic and theorist. He is Professor of Contemporary Literature and Thought in the Department of English at Royal Holloway, University of London. He works on contemporary literature, literary theory and contemporary European philosophy, and on Holocaust and genocide studies. He edits the Routledge Critical Thinkers series.

In 2014, Eaglestone was the recipient of a National Teaching Fellowship, among the highest awards for pedagogy at university level in the United Kingdom. He was elected a fellow of the English Association in 2017. Eaglestone also serves as a media commentator and reviewer.

Education
Eaglestone was educated at the University of Manchester where he was awarded a Bachelor of Arts degree and the
University of Southampton where he was awarded a Master of Arts degree. He was awarded a PhD by the University of Wales, Lampeter in 1995 for research on Emmanuel Levinas.

Career and research
Eaglestone has published books on fiction and the relationship between literature, ethics and history, Ethical Criticism: Reading After Levinas (1997), The Holocaust and the Postmodern (2004), The Broken Voice: Reading Post-Holocaust Literature (2017) and articles on Martin Heidegger, Emmanuel Levinas, Hannah Arendt and Jacques Derrida. He has also edited books on Salman Rushdie, J. M. Coetzee and on contemporary literature.

Eaglestone is also the author of a textbook, Doing English: a Guide for Literature Students (4th ed 2017) (US edition: Studying Literature). He has written about textbooks for AdvanceHE.

Eaglestone edited a book on Brexit, Brexit and Literature: Critical and Cultural Responses (2018), stating that Brexit is "a political, economic and administrative event: and it is a cultural one, too". He coined the term 'cruel nostalgia' in this context.

Eaglestone is concerned with the condition of literature studies: on this, he published Literature: Why it matters (2019) and a co-edited collection with Gail Marshall English: Shared Futures (2018).

Eaglestone is a commentator in the national press on the study on literature at school and in Higher Education. In English and its teachers: a history of Policy, Pedagogy and Practice, Simon Gibbons writes that "Eaglestone was not simply an ivory-towered academic seeking to shore up his own position - he had consistently demonstrated his commitment to effective teaching in secondary schools".

Personal life
Eaglestone is married to Poppy Corbett and lives in Streatham, London. He has two children from his first marriage.

Published books
His publications include:

 Literature: Why it matters (Cambridge: Polity, 2019)
 The Broken Voice: Reading Post-Holocaust Literature (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2017)
 Contemporary Fiction: A Very Short Introduction (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013)
 Doing English: A Guide for Literature Students – fourth revised edition (London: Routledge, 2017) Japanese translation 2003. Arabic translation 2013.
 The Holocaust and the Postmodern
 Postmodernism and Holocaust Denial (Cambridge: Icon Books, 2001). Slovak translation, 2001; Turkish Translation, 2002; Japanese Translation 2004; Greek translation 2013.
 Doing English: A Guide for Literature Students (London: Routledge, 1999).
 Ethical Criticism: Reading After Levinas (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1997).

As editor and co-editor
 with Dan O'Gorman The Routledge Companion to Twenty First Century Literary Fiction (London: Routledge, 2019).
 with Gail Marshall English: Shared Futures;; (English Association Essays and Studies, Boydell and Brewer, 2018).
 Brexit and Literature: Critical and Cultural Responses (London: Routledge, 2018).
 with Gert Buelens and Sam Durrant The Future of Trauma Theory: Contemporary Literary and Cultural Criticism (London: Routledge, 2013).
 with Martin MacQuillan, Salman Rushdie: Bloomsbury Contemporary Critical Perspectives (London: Bloomsbury, 2013).
 Blackwell Encyclopaedia of Literary and Cultural Theory Volume 2 (1966 to Present day) (Oxford: Blackwell, 2010).
 with Elleke Boehmer and Katy Iddiols J.M. Coetzee in Context and Theory (London: Continuum, 2009).
 with Simon Glendinning, Derrida's Legacies: Literature and Philosophy (London: Routledge, 2008).
 with Barry Langford Teaching Holocaust Literature and Film (London: Palgrave, 2008).
 Reading The Lord of the Rings (London: Continuum, 2005).

References

1968 births
Academics of Royal Holloway, University of London
Living people
British literary theorists
Scholars of contemporary philosophy
British academics of English literature


title: Asset Recovery Interagency Network Asia Pacific

text:
Asset Recovery Interagency Network - Asia Pacific (ARIN-AP) is an informal network of experts and practitioners in the field of asset tracing, freezing and confiscation which intends to serve as a cooperative group in all aspects of tackling the proceeds of crime in the Asia-Pacific region.

ARIN-AP was officially launched at the inaugural meeting held in Seoul between 19–20 November 2013. The meeting brought together 28 law enforcement or prosecutorial agencies from 21 jurisdictions in Asia-Pacific and 6 international organizations. As of 3 March 2021, there were 28 member jurisdictions of ARIN-AP and nine observers. ARIN-AP is modeled on Camden Assets Recovery Interagency Network (CARIN). The Secretariat of ARIN-AP is located in the Supreme Prosecutors' Office of the Republic of Korea.

Organization
ARIN-AP is made up of national contact points designated by member countries in Asia and the Pacific and those contact points are inter-connected through the Secretariat. The Secretariat is located in the South Korean Supreme Prosecutors' Office.

Through promoting informal direct communication among contact points for efficient asset recovery prior to or during formal mutual legal assistance, ARIN-AP establishes itself as a center of information and expertise and promotes the exchange of information and best practices. ARIN-AP works for the mutual benefit of countries in the region as well as for inter-regional cooperation with other regional Asset Recovery Interagency Networks.

Members
As of 3 March 2021, there were 28 member jurisdictions of ARIN-AP, as follows:

Observers
As of 3 March 2021, there were 10 international organizations as observers of ARIN-AP:

 ARIN-CARIB
 ARINSA
 ARIN-WCA
 Camden Assets Recovery Interagency Network (CARIN)
 Interpol
 Korean Institute of Criminology (KIC)
 Pacific Transnational Crime Network (PTCN)
 Ukraine
 UNODC
 World Bank

Presidency and AGM

The list of Presidency of ARIN-AP and history of Annual General Meetings:

2014 AGM
Indonesia held the 2014 Presidency and hosted the AGM in Yogyakarta on 25-26 August 2014. The AGM was organized by the Indonesian Attorney General's Office. The theme of the AGM was "Cleaning up Dirty Assets." Representatives from 14 jurisdictions and 5 international organizations attended the Meeting.

2015 AGM
Australia held the 2015 Presidency and hosted the AGM in Sydney on 3-5 November 2015. The AGM was organized by Australian Federal Police Force. It was attended by over 80 delegates from 28 jurisdictions and 4 international organizations.

2016 AGM
The Republic of Korea held the 2016 Presidency and hosted the AGM in Seoul on 26-27 October 2016. The AGM was organized by the Korean Supreme Prosecutors' Office. The theme of the AGM was "Consolidating Knowledge for Asset Recovery". Representatives from 20 jurisdictions and 6 international organizations attended the Meeting.

2017 AGM
Japan held the 2017 Presidency and hosted the AGM in Tokyo on 27-28 September 2017. The Meeting was hosted by the Japanese Ministry of Justice. 76 representatives from 14 jurisdictions and 7 international organizations attended the Meeting.

2018 AGM
Indonesia held the 2018 Presidency and hosted the AGM in Bali on 5-6 November 2018, followed by the Asset Forfeiture Workshop on 7-9 November. The events were hosted by the Indonesian Attorney General's Office. 80 representatives from 23 jurisdictions and 2 international organizations attended the Meeting.

2019 AGM
Mongolia held the 2019 Presidency and hosted the AGM in Ulaanbaatar on 23-24 September 2019, followed by the Asset Forfeiture Workshop on 25-27 September. The events were hosted by the Independent Authority Against Corruption of Mongolia. More than 100 representatives from 24 jurisdictions and 6 international organizations attended the Meeting. After AGM, a Workshop was organized on the topic "Finding hidden assets: Concealing the beneficial ownership of criminal proceeds."

2020 AGM
The 2020 AGM, originally scheduled for December 7-11 in Queenstown in New Zealand, has been canceled due to the COVID-19 pandemic situation.

See also
 United Nations Convention against Corruption
 United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime

References

International finance


title: Diphylleia rotans

text:
Diphylleia rotans is a eukaryotic microorganism. It is notable for having a gene-rich mitochondrial genome, the largest known outside the jakobids.

References

External links

Podiata
Species described in 1920


title: Sanziniinae

text:
The Sanziniinae are a subfamily of boid snakes containing four species endemic to the island of Madagascar. Common names include Madagascar boas and Malagasy boas.

Taxonomy
This subfamily contains two genera, each one with two species:

Acrantophis - Jan, 1860
 Acrantophis dumerili, Duméril's boa
 Acrantophis madagascariensis, Madagascar ground boa or Malagasy ground boa
Sanzinia - Gray, 1849
 Sanzinia madagascariensis, Madagascar tree boa or Malagasy tree boa
 Sanzinia volontany, Nosy Komba ground boaReferences

 Romer, A.S.: Osteology of the Reptiles''. Chicago: University of Chicago Press; 1956.

Further reading

Boidae
Snake subfamilies


title: Calycolpus australis

text:
Calycolpus australis is a plant species native to the State of Minas Gerais in Brazil. It can be found on poor, rocky soil that supports grasses but few shrubs or trees.

Calycolpus australis is a shrub up to 2 m high. Leaves are ovate to lanceolate, thick and leathery, up to 53 mm long. Flowers are about 3–4 cm across. Fruits are spherical, about 1 cm in diameter, purple and hairy.

The leaves of C. australis contain volatile oils.

References

australis
Flora of Minas Gerais
Plants described in 1998


title: Artificial Sun (Russian label)

text:
Artificial Sun is a Russian record label. The label was launched in 2012 to distribute records by industrial bands and artists mainly on territory of Russia, CIS and Europe and Naveen.

Artists
Artists currently signed to Artificial Sun include Type V Blood. The label also distributed compilations featuring artists like Die Krupps and Otto Dix.

Discography

Albums
Penta (Type V Blood, 2012)

Compilations and tributes
The Voices Of Machine (Various, 2012)
Russian Industrial Tribute To Die Krupps (Various, 2013)
Elektrozorn Vol. 1 (Various, 2013)

References

External links
Official website

Russian record labels
Russian brands
Record labels established in 2012
Industrial record labels
Companies based in Samara Oblast


title: Clément Bénech

text:
Clément Bénech, (born 28 April 1991) is a French novelist. He wrote his first novel, L'été slovène () in 2013, published through Groupe Flammarion. He published his second novel, Lève-toi et charme () in 2015. He is from Paris and has studied journalism at the Sorbonne University.

His first readings were Éric Chevillard and Patrick Modiano.

Awards and honors
 2013: nominated for the Prix Orange du livre

Bibliography
 L'été slovène, Flammarion, 2013
 Lève-toi et charme, Flammarion, 2015

References

External links
 Clément Bénech's blog
 La Dispute on France Culture
 Biography on Evene

1991 births
Living people
Writers from Paris
21st-century French novelists
Postmodern writers
French male novelists
21st-century French male writers
Lycée Fénelon Sainte-Marie alumni


title: Juma Mosque (Durban)

text:
The Juma Mosque of Durban (, meaning "Mosque of The Congregation") is a mosque located in Durban, Kwazulu-Natal in South Africa. Also known as the Grey Street Mosque, it represents a spiritual center for Durban's Muslims.

History and origin
In August 1881, a site was bought by Aboobaker Amod Jhaveri and Hajee Mohamed in Grey Street (now known as Dr. Yusuf Dadoo Street) from K. Munsamy for £115 for the construction of a mosque. A tiny brick and mortar structure which stood on the site was converted into the mosque.

In February 1884 Aboobaker's estate bought land next to the mosque to enable its further expansion. In 1889 Hajee Mahomed Dada, in his capacity as the only surviving trustee of the mosque purchased more adjoining land due to the swift rise in the number of worshipers. The first of the two minarets on the mosque was constructed in 1904. At the same time, two shops were built alongside the mosque providing an income for its maintenance. A second minaret was added to the mosque in 1905 and several rooms, toilets and shower facilities were also added at the rear of the mosque for travelers to use. Rooms were also built for the Mu‘adh-dhin (, who calls worshipers to prayer).

These minarets were at time two of the highest structures in the city of Durban. The mosque was rebuilt in 1927 following the design of the architects Payne & Payne, In 1943 William Bruce Barboure also contributed to the design of the building. The building is a unique blend of Islamic decorations and strong Union period vernacular style. The mosque is actually a series of interlinking buildings, arcades and corridors, in which commerce, religion and community exist in equilibrium.

Further extensions and alterations were made to the mosque in 1943. Today the mosque building is a large plastered structure which features a mixture of various styles. A bridge extends from the neighbouring girls' school to the roof of the mosque. The flat roof, which is used for prayer during festivals is used as a playground during school days as the school is not equipped with one. The style of the mosque is essentially geometrical. The windows and inter-leading doors and the arched doorways all stress this geometrical design. It's gilt-domed minarets protrude above the bustling commercial area, but inside the marbled worship hall is peaceful and boasts a simple elegance. The mosque until the late 1970s enjoyed the status of being the largest mosque in the southern hemisphere.

See also

 Islamic art
 Nizamiye Masjid
 List of mosques
 List of mosques in Africa
 List of largest mosques
 List of the oldest mosques in the world

References

External links
Visit the Juma Masjid Mosque

Buildings and structures in Durban
Mosques completed in 1930
Mosques in South Africa
20th-century religious buildings and structures in South Africa


title: Dmitry Gabrilovich

text:
Dmitry Gabrilovich is currently a Chief Scientist, Cancer Immunology at AstraZeneca in Gaithersburg, MD, USA. His research is focused on methods by which tumors are able to suppress the immune system and how to develop new immune therapies to combat this ability. Gabrilovich described the defective ability of dendritic cells in induce immune responses in cancer, and was one of the discoverers of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC). The Gabrilovich lab focuses on immature myeloid cell biology and its relation to cancer. MDSC have been linked to a number of signaling pathways associated with cancer, including NF-κB, Jak-STAT, Notch, Wnt, and Rb, among others. His research has found that tumor cells can go through a mechanism that produces a free radical peroxynitrite, causing them to become resistant to certain types of cancer immunotherapy. His research has also focused on monocytic-myeloid derived suppressor cells and polymorphonuclear-myeloid derived suppressor cells and what impact they might have on cancer therapy, since myeloid derived suppressor cells negatively regulate anti-tumor activity. His group described methods of targeting suppressive myeloid cell.
In 2019 he was awarded title of Research Professor by American Cancer Society.
Prior to joining AstraZeneca, Gabrilovich was a researcher and Christopher M. Davis professor at The Wistar Institute in Philadelphia.
Prior to joining The Wistar Institute, Gabrilovich was a senior member at the Moffitt Cancer Center in Tampa.

Selected publications
Some of Gabrilovich's most-cited publications include:

References

Cancer researchers
Living people
1954 births


title: Why I Am an Atheist

text:
Why I Am an Atheist (Hindi: मैं नास्तिक क्यों हूँ) is an essay written by Indian revolutionary Bhagat Singh in 1930 in Lahore Central Jail. The essay was a reply to his religious friends who thought Bhagat Singh became an atheist because of his vanity.

Background

Bhagat Singh was a member of Hindustan Socialist Republican Association, a revolutionary party in the Indian freedom struggle. He was an atheist who believed in socialism, and he wrote several articles on anarchism and socialism for Kirti. He was arrested on 8 April 1929 in connection with the Central Legislative Assembly bombing case and was sentenced to 14 years life imprisonment. He was re-arrested in connection with the murder of John Saunders, a deputy superintendent of police who was killed by Sukhdev, Rajguru, and Bhagat Singh in 1928 in retaliation for the death of Lala Lajpat Rai. In that case, the trial began and he was transferred to Lahore jail. In the jail, on 4 October 1930, Baba Randhir Singh, a religious man and member of Ghadar Party who was convicted in the first Lahore conspiracy case, met Bhagat Singh and tried to incite his belief in God; however, Bhagat Singh did not change his stance. Thereafter, Randhir Singh said "You are giddy with fame and have developed an ego which is standing like a black curtain between you and the God". As a reply to Randhir Singh, he wrote this essay on 5 and 6 October 1930. On 7 October 1930, all three of the defendants were convicted in the murder of Saunders and sentenced to death. On 23 March 1931, they were executed by hanging in the Lahore jail (present-day Shadman Chowk or Bhagat Singh Chowk).

Publication
After the death of Singh, the essay was published on 27 September 1931 in Lala Lajpat Rai's English weekly The People.

Tamil version
On the request of Periyar E. V. Ramasamy, P. Jeevanandham translated the essay to the Tamil language. The Tamil version of the essay was published in Kudi Arasu in 1935. According to Chaman Lal, "at one time after Partition, the English copy of this essay was not found anywhere. It was then re-translated from Tamil to English, and some websites still carry the re-translated English version of this essay".

Content

In the essay, Bhagat Singh states that his atheism was not a result of vanity. He mentions that his family were firm believers in God, that he himself grew up as a religious boy who would chant prayers for hours and goes on to explain how despite this he went on to become an atheist. He mentions that his atheism was also not a result of his association with a revolutionary organization and that most of his comrades were in fact theists, citing the example of Sachindra Nath Sanyal who was a firm believer in God. An excerpt from the essay reads:

He mentions Mikhail Bakunin's manuscript, God and the State and Common Sense by Niralamba Swami to have inspired his own atheism.

He also questions theists about the existence of God:

Continuing on the above question, he also asks, "I ask why your omnipotent God does not stop every man when he is committing any sin or offence? He can do it quite easily. Why did he not kill warlords or kill the fury of war in them and thus avoid the catastrophe hurled down on the head of humanity by the Great War? Why does he not just produce a certain sentiment in the mind of the British people to liberate India? Why does he not infuse the altruistic enthusiasm in the hearts of all capitalists to forego their rights of personal possessions of means of production and thus redeem the whole labouring community —nay, the whole human society, from the bondage of capitalism? You want to reason out the practicability of socialist theory; I leave it for your almighty to enforce it. People recognise the merits of socialism in as much as the general welfare is concerned. They oppose it under the pretext of its being impracticable. Let the Almighty step in and arrange everything in an orderly fashion."

In the end, he also comments on the origin of God and thinks it is due to man's limitation, weakness and shortcoming to face trying circumstances. He differs on the origin of God from other radicals who attribute the origin of God to "the ingenuity of the exploiters who wanted to keep the people under their subjection by preaching the existence of a supreme being and then claiming an authority and sanction from him for their privileged positions."

On the subject of origin of life and humanity, he comments, "This is a phenomenon of nature. The accidental mixture of different substances in the shape of nebulae produced this earth. When? Consult history. The same process produced animals and, in the long run, man. Read Darwin's Origin of Species. And all the later progress is due to man's constant conflict with nature and his efforts to override it. This is the briefest possible explanation of the phenomenon."

References

External links

1930 essays
Atheism publications
Philosophy of religion books
Contemporary philosophical literature
Memorials to Bhagat Singh


title: Miguel Pedro Mundo

text:
Miguel Pedro Mundo (July 25, 1937 – May 18, 1999) was an American-born bishop of the Catholic Church in Brazil. In the Diocese of Jataí, he served as Auxiliary Bishop from 1978 to 1999, then Bishop of Jataí for the last three months of his life.

Biography
Born in Staten Island, New York, Mundo was ordained a priest on May 19, 1962, for the Diocese of Camden in New Jersey.

On March 6, 1978, Pope Paul VI appointed him as the Titular Bishop of Blanda Julia and Auxiliary Bishop of Jataí.  He was consecrated by Bishop George Guilfoyle of Camden on June 2, 1978. The principal co-consecrators were Bishop Benedict D. Coscia, O.F.M., of Jataí and Camden Auxiliary Bishop James Schad.

Pope John Paul II appointed Mundo to succeed Coscia as Bishop of Jataí on February 24, 1999.  He died three months later on May 18, 1999, at the age of 61.

References

1937 births
1999 deaths
People from Staten Island
American Roman Catholic missionaries
20th-century Roman Catholic bishops in Brazil
20th-century American Roman Catholic titular bishops
Burials in Goiás
Roman Catholic missionaries in Brazil
American expatriates in Brazil
Catholics from New York (state)
Roman Catholic bishops of Jataí
People from Jataí


title: Coelophysis? kayentakatae

text:
Coelophysis?  kayentakatae is an extinct species of neotheropod dinosaur that lived approximately 200–196 million years ago during the early part of the Jurassic Period in what is now the southwestern United States. The genus Syntarus was found to be preoccupied by a Colydiine beetle, which was later found to be a junior synonym of the beetle genus Cerchanotus, so it was moved to the genus Megapnosaurus, and then to Coelophysis, but reassessment shows that this species requires a new genus name as of 2022.

Discovery
The holotype of "S." kayentakatae (MNA V2623) was recovered in the Silty Facies Member of the Kayenta Formation in Arizona. This material was collected in 1977 from carbonaceous sandstone deposited during the Sinemurian and Pliensbachian stages of the Jurassic period. Specimen UCMP V128659 was discovered in 1982 and referred to Megapnosaurus kayentakatae by Rowe (1989), as a subadult gracile individual and later, Tykoski (2005) agreed. Gay (2010) described the specimen as the new tetanurine taxon Kayentavenator elysiae, but Mortimer (2010) pointed out that there was no published evidence that Kayentavenator is the same taxon as S. kayentakatae.

The species epithet of "S." kayentakatae refers to Dr. Kathleen Smith, nicknamed "Kayenta Kay" for her extensive work in the Kayenta Formation, which included the discovery of the type specimen of this species.

Description

S. kayentakatae was a relatively small dinosaur, reaching  in length and  in body mass. It had two small, parallel crests which may demonstrate an evolutionary step toward later and larger neotheropods, such as the more advanced and larger Dilophosaurus. Both possess a "weak joint" between the premaxillary and the maxillary bones, creating a hooked premaxillary jaw.

Specimen UCMP V128659 was discovered in 1982 and referred to Syntarsus kayentakatae by Rowe in 1989 as a subadult gracile individual and Tykoski (2005) later agreed. Gay (2010) classified the specimen as tetanurine Kayentavenator elysiae. Mortimer (2010) pointed out that there was no published evidence to support Kayentavenator being the same as Syntarsus kayentakatae except for in Ezcurra (2012) based on an unpublished analysis.

According to Tykoski and Rowe (2004) Syntarsus kayentakatae can be distinguished based on the following characteristics:

the presence of nasal crests on the skull
 the frontal bones on the skull are separated by a midline anterior extension of the parietal bones

Furthermore, they list a transverse groove on the anterior astragalar surface, as an additional autapomorphy, however, it's also present in Coelophysis bauri and the Shake-n-Bake coelophysid (Tykoski, 2005).

Classification
It was originally included in the genus Syntarsus along with type species Syntarsus rhodesiensis, but the name is preoccupied by a junior synonym of beetle genus Cerchanotus. The dinosaur genus was renamed Megapnosaurus in 2001. Both species have sometimes been reclassified as Coelophysis species.

Marsh and Rowe (2020) retain the generic name Syntarsus for both QG 1 and MNA V2623, and the respective specimens assigned to these taxa, as opposed to Coelophysis or Megapnosaurus, due to systematic relationships within Coelophysoidea in flux. As such, congenericity or the need for Megapnosaurus would not be supported if Coelophysis bauri, Megapnosaurus rhodesiensis, and "Syntarsus" kayentakatae do not form respective clades, as evidenced by their phylogenetic analyses.

Ezcurra et al. (2021) found that "Syntarsus" kayentakatae was not closely related to Coelophysis bauri or to Megapnosaurus rhodesiensis.

Paleoecology
The Kayenta Formation is part of the Glen Canyon Group that includes formations not only in northern Arizona but also parts of southeastern Utah, western Colorado, and northwestern New Mexico. The formation was primarily deposited by rivers, with the silty facies created by the slower, more sluggish part of the river system. A definitive radiometric dating of this formation has not yet been made, and the available stratigraphic correlation has been based on a combination of radiometric dates from vertebrate fossils, magnetostratigraphy and pollen evidence.

During the Early Jurassic period, the land that is now the Kayenta Formation experienced rainy summers and dry winters. By the Middle Jurassic period it was being encroached upon from the north by a sandy dune field that would become the Navajo Sandstone. The animals here were adapted to a seasonal climate and abundant water could be found in streams, ponds and lakes. Syntarsus kayentakatae shared its paleoenvironment with other dinosaurs, such as several theropods including Dilophosaurus, Kayentavenator, the "Shake-N-Bake" theropod, the basal sauropodomorphs Sarahsaurus  and Anchisaurus, heterodontosaurids, and the armored dinosaurs Scelidosaurus and Scutellosaurus. The Kayenta Formation has produced the remains of three coelophysoid taxa of different body size, representing the most diverse ceratosaur fauna yet known. The formation has also yielded a small but growing assemblage of organisms. Vertebrates present in the Kayenta Formation at the time of S. kayentakatae included hybodont sharks, indeterminate bony fish, lungfish, salamanders, the frog Prosalirus, the caecilian Eocaecilia, the turtle Kayentachelys, a sphenodontian reptile, various lizards, and the pterosaur Rhamphinion. Also present were the synapsids Dinnebitodon, Kayentatherium, Oligokyphus, morganucodontans,  the possible early true mammal Dinnetherium, and a haramiyid mammal. Several early crocodylomorphs were also present, including Calsoyasuchus, Eopneumatosuchus, Kayentasuchus, and Protosuchus. Vertebrate trace fossils from this area include coprolites and the tracks of therapsids, lizard-like animals, and dinosaurs. Non-vertebrates in this ecosystem included microbial or "algal" limestone, freshwater bivalves, freshwater mussels and snails, and ostracods. The plant life known from this area included trees that became preserved as petrified wood.

Taphonomy
The holotype (MNA V2623) of "Syntarsus" kayentakatae came to rest on its left side and was partially buried. This served to stabilize the bones on the left side of the skull; however, the right side of the skull was likely exposed to water currents as it began to decompose. Some of the loosely connected bones on this side drifted out of place before the entire skull was finally buried. Later, the great weight of overlying sediment served to distort the specimen.

References

Coelophysoids
Early Jurassic dinosaurs of North America
Fossil taxa described in 1989
Paleontology in Arizona
Kayenta Formation


title: Thomas Albion Alderson

text:
Thomas Albion Alderson (13 November 1843 – 5 February 1902) was an organist and composer based in Newcastle-upon-Tyne.

Life

He married Elizabeth Mary Eltringham (26 April 1843 -  February 1912) on 24 June 1867 in Holy Trinity Church, South Shields. They had 6 children.
Charles Frederick Alderson (b. 1868)
Albion Percy Alderson (1871 - 4 March 1936)
Wilfred Ernest Alderson (3 June 1873 – 3 September 1949)
Reginald Alderson (b.1879)
Florence Alderson (b.1875)
Lilian Maud Alderson (13 June 1876 – 29 March 1923)

Appointments

Organist at St Andrew's Church, Newcastle upon Tyne 1867 – 1902

Compositions

He wrote many songs and pieces for piano including
Dance of the Naiads, for the Pianoforte (1869)
Dreamland romance for the Pianoforte (1869)
May Blossoms, morceaux de salon pour Piano (1869)
Smiles and Tears. Song  (1869)
Tarantella for the Pianoforte (1869)
Hawarden March for the Pianoforte (1869)
Rosabelle, grand galop de concert pour Piano (1869)
Spring Flowers, mazurka for the Pianoforte (1869)
Starlight, notturno for the Pianoforte (1869)
The Streamlet, sketch for the Pianoforte (1870)
Carine, polka brillante for the Pianoforte (1870)
Rosina, valse brillante pour Piano (1870)
Go ask the bird to live with thee. Song (1870)
Hilda, serenade for the Pianoforte (1871)
Violets, mazurka for the Pianoforte (1871)
The Willow Song [begins: "Down the River] (1871)
Holly Berries. Song, words by F. Dudley (1873)
My Song shall be of mercy and judgement. Anthem (1882)
Dreamland. Romance for pianoforte & violin (1884)

References

1843 births
1902 deaths
English organists
British male organists
English composers
19th-century English musicians
Musicians from Newcastle upon Tyne
19th-century British male musicians
19th-century organists


title: Second VA-85 (U.S. Navy)

text:
Attack Squadron 85 or VA-85 was a long-lived Attack Squadron of the U.S. Navy. It was called to active duty as U.S. Navy Reserve squadron VA-859 on 1 February 1951 and redesignated VA-85 on 4 February 1953. It was disestablished on 30 September 1994, over 40 years later. The squadron's nickname from 1958-1994 was the Black Falcons. It was the second squadron to be designated VA-85, the first VA-85 was disestablished on 29 November 1949.

History
 May 1958: As part of an Atlantic Fleet training exercise (LANTRAEX 1-58), two of the squadron's AD-6 Skyraiders, flown by Lieutenant (jg)s Strang and Woods, flew nonstop from , operating off the coast of Jacksonville, Florida, to Naval Air Station North Island. The flight was conducted below 1000 feet to demonstrate the low level and long range capability of the squadron. Two days later the aircraft returned, nonstop, to Forrestal.
 5 February 1963: The squadron's commanding officer, Commander C. H. Mundt, was killed in an air crash.
 22 December 1965: The squadron's commanding officer, Commander B. J. Cartwright, and his bombardier/navigator, Lieutenant Ed Gold, failed to return from a strike into North Vietnam and were listed as missing in action, presumed dead until their remains were identified in November 1994.
 21 April 1966: The squadron's commanding officer, Commander J. E. Keller, and his bombardier/navigator, Lieutenant Commander E. E. Austin, were killed in action during a mission over North Vietnam.
 27 April 1966: VA-85 bombardier/navigator, Lieutenant (jg) Brian E. Westin was awarded the Navy Cross for heroism during a combat mission over North Vietnam when he risked his own life to save that of his wounded pilot, Lieutenant W. R. Westerman.
 6 September 1968: The squadron's commanding officer, Commander K. L. Coskey, was shot down over North Vietnam. His bombardier/navigator, Lieutenant Commander R. G. McKee, was rescued, but Commander Coskey became a POW. He was released on 14 March 1973.
 July 1974: Following the coup that overthrew the government of Cyprus, VA-85 operated from Forrestal in the vicinity of Cyprus and provided air cover for the evacuation of Americans and foreign nationals from the island.
 May–June 1981: Following increased military action and Israeli reprisal raids against Syrian missile positions in southern Lebanon, Forrestal was ordered to the eastern Mediterranean. VA-85 operated from the carrier while on station off the coast of Lebanon.
 July 1982: Following the Israeli invasion of Lebanon in June and the siege of west Beirut, Forrestal operated off the coast of Lebanon with VA-85 prepared to provide air support for a possible evacuation of Americans.
 August–September 1982: Forrestal and its embarked squadrons provided air cover for the landing of 800 U.S. Marines in Beirut, Lebanon. The Marines became part of the Multinational Force in Lebanon.
 4 December 1983: During ’s operations off the coast of Lebanon in support of the Multinational Force, several of the carrier's F-14 reconnaissance aircraft received hostile fire from Syrian surface- to-air missile and anti-aircraft positions on 3 December. A retaliatory strike was flown by elements of CVW-3 and aircraft from  against the Syrian antiaircraft positions near Hammana, Lebanon. One of the squadron's A-6Es was lost in the attack, its pilot, Lieutenant Mark Lange, was killed and the NFO, Lieutenant Bobby Goodman, was captured by the Syrians. He was released 4 January 1985.
 July 1984: The squadron operated in the Caribbean and off the coast of Central America to assist the Coast Guard with drug interdiction operations.
 10 October 1985: The squadron's KA-6D tanker aircraft refueled F-14s from  en route to their intercept of an Egyptian 737 airliner that was carrying Arab terrorists who had hijacked the Italian cruise ship Achille Lauro on 7 October and murdered an American citizen. The F-14s forced the airliner to land at Naval Air Station Sigonella, Sicily, leading to the capture of the terrorists.
 24 March 1986: Libyan missiles were fired at U.S. Naval forces operating in the Gulf of Sidra. This action precipitated a retaliation against Libya by squadrons from Saratoga,  and . VA-85's A-6Es conducted a follow-up attack with Rockeye bombs on a Libyan La Combattante II G-class fast attack missile craft that had been hit by a Harpoon missile fired by a VA-34 aircraft. The attack resulted in the sinking of the Combattante II. VA-85 aircraft also attacked a Nanuchka II class missile corvette with Rockeyes, damaging the corvette.
 25 March 1986: VA-55 attacked a Nanuchka with Rockeyes, damaging but not stopping the corvette. A VA-85 aircraft then launched a Harpoon against the corvette which resulted in its sinking.
 6 September 1989: Squadron aircraft flew missions in support of the evacuation of personnel from the American Embassy in Beirut, Lebanon, due to the unstable situation in that country.
 17 January–28 February 1991: The squadron participated in Operation Desert Storm, combat strikes against targets in Iraq and the Kuwaiti theater of operations. During this period of combat the squadron flew 585 combat sorties, consisting of 1,700 flight hours and expended over 850 tons of ordnance.
 August 1993: Squadron aircraft flew missions over Bosnia-Hercegovina in support of U. N. Operation Deny Flight.
 November 1993: Squadron aircraft flew sorties over Mogadishu, Somalia, in support of U. N. Operation Continue Hope.
 December 1993: Squadron aircraft provided support for reconnaissance missions over southern Iraq, part of Operation Southern Watch.

Home port assignments
The squadron was assigned to these home ports, effective on the dates shown:
 NAS Niagara Falls – 01 Feb 1951
 NAS Jacksonville – 05 Apr 1951
 NAS Quonset Point – 26 Sep 1951
 NAS Oceana – 11 Jun 1952

Aircraft assignment
The squadron first received the following aircraft on the dates shown:
 TBM-3E Avenger – Flown during its reserve duty prior to 1 February 1951.
 AD-2 Skyraider – 05 Mar 1951
 AD-4 Skyraider – Jul 1952
 AD-6/AD-1H Skyraider – Jan 1954
 A-6A Intruder – 06 Mar 1964
 KA-6D Intruder – 18 Nov 1970
 A-6E Intruder – 09 Dec 1971 (VA-85 was the first fleet squadron to receive the A-6E.)

See also
 Attack aircraft
 List of inactive United States Navy aircraft squadrons
 History of the United States Navy

References

Attack squadrons of the United States Navy
Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the Dictionary of American Naval Aviation Squadrons
Military units and formations disestablished in 1994


title: In This Life (Elise Testone album)

text:
In This Life is the debut studio album by American singer-songwriter Elise Testone, released on February 16, 2014 through Red Tambo Records. The album features backing vocals by Erika Van Pelt.

Track listing

References

2014 debut albums


The emblem of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR) was adopted on 10 July 1918 by the government of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (Soviet Union), and modified several times afterwards. It shows wheat as the symbol of agriculture, a rising sun for the future of the Russian nation, the red star (the RSFSR was the last Soviet Republic to include the star in its state emblem, in 1978) as well as the hammer and sickle for the victory of Communism and the "world-wide socialist community of states".

The Soviet Union state motto ("Workers of the world, unite!") in Russian (Пролетарии всех стран, соединяйтесь! — Proletarii vsekh stran, soyedinyaytes′!) is also a part of the coat of arms.

The acronym of the RSFSR is shown above the hammer and sickle, and reads PCФCP, for Российская Советская Федеративная Социалистическая Республика (Russian: Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic).

Similar emblems were used by the Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republics (ASSR) within the Russian SFSR; the main differences were generally the use of the republic's acronym and the presence of the motto in the languages of the titular nations (with the exception of the state emblem of the Dagestan ASSR, which had the motto in eleven languages as there is no single Dagestani language).

In 1992, the inscription was changed from RSFSR (РСФСР) to the Russian Federation (Российская Федерация) in connection with the change of the name of the state. In 1993, the Communist design was replaced by the present coat of arms.

History

First version
On January 24, 1918, the Secretary of the Council of People's Commissars, N.P. Gorbunov, appealed to the All-Russia Union of Masters and Technicians of factory enterprises with a request to provide a sample of a new seal of the Russian SFSR for discussion by the government. By the beginning of March 1918, a print drawing was ready, and a sword was depicted in its center. The authorship of the press is attributed to the artist Alexander Nikolaevich Leo (for certain this fact is not known).

On April 17, 1918, at the meeting of the Council of People's Commissars, the question of the stamp seal was discussed, the  Department of Affairs of the Council of People's Commissars was asked to create a Regulation on the procedure for its use. On April 20, N.P. Gorbunov addressed the commission of the Small Council of People's Commissars with a report on the progress of printing. A print project was approved (with a sword), but the drawing still had to be approved by the Big SNK. Before putting the question to the final statement, Lenin suggested adding the word "socialist" to the press and removing the sword from the press, which was already done at the evening session on April 20. On May 15, at the meeting of the Small Council of People's Commissars, a drawing of the press was signed with the inscription: "Workers 'and Peasants' Government of the Russian Socialist Federative Republic," but again the desire was expressed to put a sword on print. After Lenin's speeches, the Small Council of People's Commissars decided to "throw out a sword from the drawing."

On June 18, 1918, at the meeting of the Council of People's Commissars, Y. Sverdlov's report "On the Soviet Press" was heard, the print project was approved in general, and the details (the question of the sword and the exact text of the inscription) were clarified the next day, June 19. Thus, the seal had the following appearance: in the center on a shield-cartouche framed with grain ears, a crossed sickle and a hammer; below in the vignette text: "ПРОЛЕТАРИИ ВСЕХ СТРАН, СОЕДИНЯЙТЕСЬ !" (instead of the "Council of People's Commissars" in the first draft), and on the circumference: "РОССИЙСКАЯ СОЦИАЛИСТИЧЕСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАТИВНАЯ СОВЕТСКАЯ РЕСПУБЛИКА" (instead of "Workers and Peasants .....").
Artist DV Emelyanov June 20, 1918 began to make a copper seal. The impression of the first press of the SNK was given by VI Lenin in a letter to Clara Zetkin.

Approval
July 10, 1918 at the closing session of the 5th All-Russian Congress of Soviets of Workers', Peasants', Soldiers' and Cossack deputies adopted the Constitution of the RSFSR, which formally approved the arms of the republic:

"Chapter XVII, Section 6, § 89.
The emblem of the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic consists of images on a red background in the sun's rays of a gold sickle and hammer, placed criss-crosswise with handles downwards, surrounded by a wreath of ears and with the inscription:
a) The Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic
b) Workers of all countries, unite! ".

The coat of arms is identical to the seal which was adopted on June 19. The only difference were in the presence of sun rays and in the precise indication of colors. The coat of arms for the first edition of the Constitution was created by the artist from Petrograd minting, A.F. Vasyutinsky.

Other versions
 In parallel with the Department of Affairs of the Council of People's Commissars, the People's Commissariat for Education dealt with the development of the press. The Arts Department of the People's Commissariat for Education in May 1918 organized a competition to develop the emblem of the Russian Republic. According to the terms of the competition, s figure of a worker and a peasant, the text "РСФСР", the tools of labor, the slogan "Workers of all countries, unite!" should be represented in the arms. According to the results of the contest, the best projects were the projects of Miturich, Altman, and S.V. Chekhonin.
 On the cover of the first edition of the Constitution of the Russian SFSR, another emblem for the RSFSR was painted by the artist E. Lansere. On the figureboard there was a sickle and a hammer in the rays of the sun, around them a wreath tied with a gold ribbon, on the intercepts of which were written the red letters "RSFSR"; above the hammer and sickle the motto; behind the shield two lictor beams (a symbol of power); in the lower part of the branch of oak.

Second version
In early 1920, the All-Russian Central Executive Committee decided to improve the artistic form of the press (and the coat of arms). July 20, 1920 was approved by the All-Russian Central Executive Committee, a new version of the coat of arms, designed by the artist N.A. Andreev. The motto was now placed on the red ribbon in the lower part of the coat of arms, the name of the republic was given in abbreviated form "RSFSR" and was in the upper part of the shield, on each side of the shield-cartouche surrounded by 7 ears. The image of the abbreviation "RSFSR" instead of the full name "Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic" was established by the new Constitution of the RSFSR adopted on May 11, 1925 by the XII All-Russian Congress of Soviets, article 87 of which read:

"87. The State Emblem of the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic consists of an image on a red background in the sunlight of a golden sickle and hammer, placed cross-on-the-cross, handles down, surrounded by a wreath of ears, with the inscription:
a) RSFSR.R. and
b) Workers of all countries, unite! "

On December 30, 1922, the RSFSR, the Ukrainian SSR, the Byelorussian SSR and the Transcaucasian Socialist Federal Soviet Republic formed the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.

Under Stalin's Constitution, adopted on January 21, 1937, the coat of arms remained unchanged, but the abbreviation of the RSFSR was now deciphered differently: the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic. In the Constitution of 1937 the coat of arms was described as follows:

"Article 148. The State Emblem of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic consists of an image of a gold sickle and a hammer, placed cross on a cross, with handles down, on a red background in the sun and framed with ears, with the inscription:" RSF.S. R. "and" Workers of all countries, unite! "

First revision
In accordance with the "Rules of Russian spelling and punctuation" approved in 1956, abbreviations in the Russian language began to be written without dividing points, which was reflected in the description of the emblem in the Constitution of the RSFSR and in the practice of depicting the State Emblem of the RSFSR.

Second revision
On April 12, 1978, the extraordinary seventh session of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR of the ninth convocation adopted a new (so-called "Brezhnev") Constitution (Basic Law) of the RSFSR, the five-pointed star was added to the description of the emblem:Article 180. The State Emblem of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic is an image of a sickle and a hammer on a red background in the sun and framed with ears of wheat with the inscription: "RSFSR" and "Proletarians of all countries, unite!" At the top of the emblem is a five-pointed star.Officially, the drawing of the new coat of arms with the star was established by a new edition of the Regulations on the State Emblem of the RSFSR, approved by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR of January 22, 1981, which specified that "in the color image of the State Emblem of the RSFSR, the sickle and the golden hammer, the red star, border ". At the same time, on the color image of the emblem attached to the Regulations, the inscriptions "RSFSR" and "Proletarians of all countries, unite!" were depicted in a dark brown color.

Gallery

See also
State Emblem of the Soviet Union
Emblems of the Soviet Republics
Coat of arms of Russia

References

Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
Russian SFSR
Russian SFSR
Russian SFSR
Russian SFSR
Russian SFSR
Russian SFSR
Russian SFSR
Russian SFSR
Russian SFSR


title: Rebekah Wilson

text:
Rebekah 'Bex' Wilson (born 17 March 1991) is a British former bobsleigh brakewoman. She competed at the trials for the 2010 Winter Olympics, and the two-woman bobsleigh at the 2014 Winter Olympics.

Biography
Wilson was born on 17 March 1991 in Manchester, England. She attended Navigation Road Primary School and Wellington School.

When Wilson was 9 years old, she took up athletics, after trialling several events including the 100m. She was a member of Altrincham Athletics Club. At 14, Wilson changed clubs, moving to her present club of Sale Harriers. At 100 metres, she won five national titles, was a World Junior finalist at the 4 × 100 m relay. At 12 Wilson set a European Record for the 60m, which stands at present.

Wilson was the Great British number one from the age of 18, but each year has to participate in a selection process.

In 2010 Paula Walker approached Wilson's athletics coaches with regards to competing alongside Walker in the two-women bobsleigh.

Wilson quit the national programme and UK Sport funding, and moved from the Great Britain bobsleigh headquarters in Bath back to her native Manchester, cutting her communications with British Bobsleigh for a year. In the year leading up to the Olympics, she didn't practice at bobsleigh, but worked in a gym. In order to pay for training, Wilson took on odd jobs, such as babysitting, waitressing, and working as a nail technician. A year after Wilson's not competing at Vancouver, Walker and Wilson won a World Junior Championship together, re-uniting after Wilson's topping the GB trials.

After the 2014 Winter Olympics Wilson retired from bobsleigh due to mental health problems and the retirement of Walker, subsequently undergoing intermittent treatment at the Priory Hospital for the next 18 months. As of July 2017, Wilson is a programme manager for the Diane Modahl Foundation, and plays for Women's Super Rugby side Waterloo Ladies.

Olympics
Wilson trialled for the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, but finished fifth and was not selected.

Wilson and Walker were announced as GBR1 for the two-women bobsleigh at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi. Wilson replaced Walker's partner for the previous season Gillian Cooke. Walker and Wilson targeted a top-eight finish in the discipline, in order to preserve funding for Walker. They competed on 18 February 2014, finishing in 12th.

References

1991 births
Living people
British female bobsledders
Rugby union players from Manchester
Sportspeople from Manchester
Olympic bobsledders for Great Britain
Bobsledders at the 2014 Winter Olympics
English female rugby union players
English female bobsledders


title: Parmanpur

text:
Parmanpur is a place in Mirzapur district, near Kollapur, in Uttar Pradesh state in northern India.

Villages in Mirzapur district


title: Claudio Oyarzo

text:
Claudio Andres Oyarzo Muñoz (born 5 November 1979) is a Swedish metal musician and youtuber. He currently lives in Gothenburg and played guitar with the melodic rock act Minora from Gothenburg and the bass with the Gothenburg-Stockholm metal band The Resistance. He played as a session member for a few months before he was asked to join the band, which happened during the video recording of the first single from the album Scars, called "Clearing the Slate".

The Resistance is mostly known as a Swedish death metal supergroup containing Jesper Strömblad (Ex. In flames), Glenn Ljungström (Ex. In Flames) and Marco Aro (The Haunted).

He is also known for his role as Ramon in the Swedish film Snabba Cash – Livet Deluxe, where he plays a robber together with Matias Varela, Joel Kinnaman among others.
He also has a YouTube channel.

Appearances

The Resistance
 Scars (2013) (Guitar solo on I Bend You Break and Your Demise)

Minora
 Imago (2011)
  Into the Ocean (2013, EP)

Movies
 Snabba Cash Livet Deluxe (2013)

Notes

References
http://www.varnamonyheter.se/gislaveds-kommun/fran-gislaved-till-snabba-cash#.UwIbjvvDXTQ
http://www.imdb.com/name/nm5854009/
http://www.rocknytt.net/nyheter/12302-metal-musiker-gor-skadisdebut-i-snabba-cash-livet-deluxe
http://www.slavestate.se/?e=2109
http://www.blabbermouth.net/news/the-resistance-recruits-session-bassist/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M6_eL8kIv5g
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JxFFJSk_UMw

External links
 https://www.facebook.com/theresistanceswe
 https://www.facebook.com/minoraofficial

Living people
Musicians from Gothenburg
Swedish heavy metal guitarists
1979 births
21st-century guitarists


title: 35th Battalion, CEF

text:
The 35th Battalion, CEF was an infantry battalion of the Canadian Expeditionary Force during the Great War.

History
The 35th Battalion was authorized on 7 November 1914 and embarked for Britain on 16 October 1915. The battalion was redesignated the 35th Reserve Battalion, CEF on 9 February 1915, and provided reinforcements to the Canadian Corps in the field until 4 January 1917 when its personnel were absorbed by the 4th Reserve Battalion, CEF. The battalion was disbanded on 8 December 1917.

The 99th Battalion (Essex), CEF was authorized on 22 December 1915 and embarked for Great Britain on 31 May 1916, where, on 6 July 1916, its personnel were absorbed by the 35th Reserve Battalion.

The 35th Battalion recruited and was mobilized at Toronto, Ontario.

The 35th battalion had two Officers Commanding:

Lt.-Col. F.C. McCordick, 16 October 1915 – 24 October 1916
Maj. F.H. Dunham, 24 October 1916 – 4 January 1917

The 35th Battalion was awarded the battle honour THE GREAT WAR 1915-17.

Perpetuation
The 35th Battalion, CEF, is perpetuated by The Queen's York Rangers (1st American Regiment) (RCAC).

See also

 List of infantry battalions in the Canadian Expeditionary Force

References

Sources
Canadian Expeditionary Force 1914-1919 by Col. G.W.L. Nicholson, CD, Queen's Printer, Ottawa, Ontario, 1962

035
Military units and formations of Ontario
Queen's York Rangers (1st American Regiment)


title: Chonburi B F.C.

text:
Chonburi B Football Club () is the reserve team of Chonburi they play in the Thai League 4 Eastern Region.

Stadium and locations for team B

Season by season record for team B

Players

Current squad

External links
 Official Website
 English Language Website: www.clubwebsite.co.uk/chonburifc/
 Thai Premier League Information

Reserves and Academy
Chonburi
Football clubs in Thailand
Sport in Chonburi province
Association football clubs established in 1997
1997 establishments in Thailand


title: Poppy Corbett

text:
Poppy Corbett (born 1986) is a playwright, director and teacher of creative writing. She studied at Royal Holloway, University of London, the Central School of Speech and Drama and the Royal Court Young Writers Programme.

Her play Hatchling won Masterclass's inaugural Pitch Your Play competition and was given a reading on the Theatre Royal Haymarket's main stage.  She is the author of numerous short plays, including a pantomime Robin Hood for Bigfoot Arts Education.

She is the co-author of The Enormous Book of Talk for Writing Games (London: Philip and Tacey, 2013), a creative writing resource book for teachers.  She is a founder of the playwriting company Agent 160 (patron: Timberlake Wertenbaker).
She is represented by Nick Quinn at The Agency.

She is the daughter of the poet and educationalist Pie Corbett.

References

1986 births
Living people


title: Legends (TV series)

text:
Legends is an American crime drama television series which aired on TNT from August 13, 2014 to December 28, 2015. Developed by Howard Gordon, Jeffrey Nachmanoff, and Mark Bomback, the series is based on the 2005 book Legends: A Novel of Dissimulation written by Robert Littell. On December 4, 2014, TNT renewed Legends for a 10-episode second season, which premiered on November 2, 2015. On December 15, 2015, TNT canceled the series after two seasons and 20 episodes.

Premise
Martin Odum (Bean) is an undercover FBI agent who changes himself into a different person for each case. A "mysterious stranger" (played by Billy Brown) causes him to question his sanity.

Cast

Season 1
Sean Bean as Martin Odum, an undercover agent working for the FBI's Division of Covert Operations (DCO) who struggles with his real identity outside of his legends.
Ali Larter as Crystal McGuire, a fellow operative who has a brief romantic history with Martin.
Morris Chestnut as Tony Rice, an FBI agent who is trying to uncover secrets he believes Martin is hiding. He recently became part of the DCO team and now helps Martin.
Tina Majorino as Maggie Harris, the rookie member of the DCO team and an expert data manipulator.
Steve Harris as Nelson Gates, director of the DCO task force.
Amber Valletta as Sonya Odum, Martin's estranged wife.
Mason Cook as Aiden Odum, Martin's pre-teen son.
Rob Mayes as Troy Quinn, a member of the DCO team.

Season 2
Sean Bean as Martin Odum
Steve Kazee as Curtis Ballard
Winter Ave Zoli as Gabrielle Miskova
Klára Issová as Ilyana Crawford
Aisling Franciosi as Kate Crawford
Kelly Overton as Nina Brenner
Ralph Brown as Terrence Graves
Anna Rust as Khava Bazaeva
Morris Chestnut as Tony Rice (guest star)
Nikola Đuričko as Tamir Zakayev
Gershwyn Eustache Jr as Simon Hardy
Adnan Hasković as General-President Arsanov
Eric Godon as older Ivanenko
Igor Skvarica as Beslan

Production

Music
The score of season 2 concludes with "Until We Go Down" by Ruelle, played during the climax of "The Legend of Alexei Volkov". Prior to this, the song was introduced to television as the opening theme of The Shannara Chronicles.

Episodes

Season 1 (2014)

Season 2 (2015)

Broadcast
Internationally, the series premiered in Australia on 11 November 2015 on FX.

Saudi Arabia and the rest of the Middle East & North Africa
On the 4th of February 2016, BBC First HD started airing the first episode of the second season of the series on OSN (Orbit Showtime Network).

Critical reception
Legends scored 59 out of 100 on Metacritic based on 27 "mixed or average" reviews. The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported a 56% critics rating with an average rating of 6/10 based on 32 reviews. The website consensus reads: "Legends lacks originality, but derives watchability from Sean Bean's fine central performance".

Development
With its second season, it was revealed Legends would be ‘’reimagined’’. The show would now focus on Bean's character's identity, with most of the original cast being replaced and the initial California setting was replaced for London and continental Europe (Paris and Prague). British veteran TV-directors Jamie Payne  (Indian Summers, The White Queen, The Hour) and Alrick Riley (Hustle, Spooks/MI-5, CSI)  were added to the show. Ken Biller (Legend of the Seeker, Perception) became the new showrunner/executive producer/lead writer, and developed a brand new nonlinear storyline taking place in different countries and flashbacks to Bean's character's childhood at a  British boarding school and scenes from Prague in 2001.

Promotion
To promote the series, TNT launched an intensive advertising campaign targeted at social media beginning at the 2014 San Diego Comic Con. Exploiting Sean Bean's reputation for varied and colorful on-screen deaths, the campaign centered around the hashtag #DontKillSeanBean, and included Bean's image on airport machinery and pillars, a poster covering multiple floors of a hotel adjoining the SDCC site, and widely distributed black T-shirts emblazoned with the hashtag in white.  Producer Howard Gordon tweeted images of celebrities, including Kiefer Sutherland, Game of Thrones author George R. R. Martin and Bean himself wearing the T-shirt. The ad campaign quickly went viral on social media and became the central focus of publicity done by Bean, including a parody by the website Funny or Die.

DVD release

References

External links

2014 American television series debuts
2015 American television series endings
2010s American crime drama television series
American action television series
English-language television shows
Television series about the Federal Bureau of Investigation
Television series by 20th Century Fox Television
Television shows based on American novels
Television shows set in Los Angeles
TNT (American TV network) original programming


title: 1993–94 Azerbaijan Cup

text:
The Azerbaijan Cup 1993-94 was the third season of the annual cup competition in Azerbaijan with the final taking place on 28 May 1994.

First round

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Second round

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Round of 16

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Quarterfinals

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Semifinals

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Final

References

External links
Azerbaijan Cup
Azerbaijan Cup '93 RSSSF

Azerbaijan Cup seasons
Cup
Azerbaijan Cup


title: Shooting at the 1968 Summer Olympics – Mixed skeet

text:
The mixed skeet was a shooting sports event held as part of the Shooting at the 1968 Summer Olympics programme. The competition was held on 21 and 22 October 1968 at the shooting ranges in Mexico City. 52 shooters from 30 nations competed.

Final standing

References

Shooting at the 1968 Summer Olympics


title: Ayynoorum Ayynthum

text:
Ayynoorum Ayynthum () is a 2016 Indian Tamil-language drama film written and directed by Stanzin Raghu starring Deepak Sundararajan, Shankar, Living Smile Vidya, Chinnu Kuruvilla, T. M. Karthik, and Lakshmi Priyaa Chandramouli in the lead roles.

Plot
The story is about the bizarre journey of a 500-rupee note through 5 different characters and how they perceive it in their own ways.

 Sudalai (Deepak Sundararajan) is a superstitious goon's stooge who wants to become a don. Will he realize his dream or will his misplaced sense of self get in the way of it?
 Adi (Shankar) is a successful film director who is separated from his wife thanks to his philandering ways. He is desperate to redeem himself and get her back. Will he be able to?
 Sundari (Living Smile Vidya) is a spunky woman who works at a phone recharge shop. All she wants is to safeguard the souvenir her boyfriend gives her. Will she hold on to it?
 Jenny (Chinnu Kuruvilla) is a volatile, troubled woman who  lives in a world where she walks a fine line between psychedelic reality and nightmarish fantasy. Will she rise above it or get sucked into a self-destructive vortex of darkness?
 A nameless, avant-garde revolutionary (T. M. Karthik) who lives without money ignites an unprecedented rebellion with which he threatens to raze down the hyper-capitalistic juggernaut.

Though the film follows the 500-rupee note, it actually focuses on the 5 key characters whose lives are entirely and contrastingly different from each other in the way they look at money.

Cast
 Deepak Sundararajan as Sudalai
 Shankar as Adi
 Living Smile Vidya as Sundari
 Chinnu Kuruvilla as Jenny
 T. M. Karthik as The Radical
 Lakshmi Priyaa Chandramouli as Anu
 Vishwanth Natarajan
 Ramesh Mourthy
 Vinoth Kumar

Production
After struggling to find producers and financing in a conventional way, the Accessible Horizon Films team decided that they had to something radical. But still, money was a big hurdle to get their scripts produced. That is when during and after several discussions about "money", the team decided to make their film about money (a 500-rupee note) and perceptions about it. Once the core concept "the journey of a 500-Rupee note" was decided, director Raghu wrote the screenplay in 15 days at a single stretch. Some of the characters of the film are loosely inspired from real life like the "money-less revolutionary" character played by T. M. Karthik, was inspired from people like Mark Boyle, Heidemarie Schwermer, and Suelo, among others. The casting of the film took two months with intense audition sessions held in Chennai, except for one character, Jenny, which took almost four months because of the extreme nature of the character. Several of the key cast members hail from a theater background with performances in Tamil, English, and Malayalam. The entire shooting schedule took about 21 days split over three to four schedules.

A one-minute trailer drew attention as soon as a promo was released on YouTube. A 5K marathon run was conducted to promote the concept of a world without money, and around 150 people participated in that marathon.

Soundtrack

The songs have been written and composed by S. Ramanujam and S. Balaji.

Critical reception
The film was officially selected at the International Film Festival of Kerala, Trivandrum in 2012 and at the Filmburo Baden-Wurttemberg's Stuttgart Indian Film Festival, Germany in 2013.

Release
The film was released unconventionally on the internet on the YouTube Channel of Accessible Horizon Films on 1 May 2016. Before the release, the makers had one special public screening at the Alliance Francaise, Madras on 29 April 2016. The producer stated that for three years, the Accessible Horizon Films team had been trying to release their film conventionally in theaters in Tamil Nadu, searching for distributors and trying to find people who might take their film and release it in theaters. The difficulty of releasing a film conventionally without financial backing or influence is just unimaginable especially when the film doesn't conform to the norms or the 'formula'. They initially thought of going conventionally only to reach a wide audience, because the film is about money, which everyone can relate to.

References

External links

2016 films
Indian independent films
2010s Tamil-language films


title: Life Story (TV series)

text:
Life Story is a British natural-history television series with Mike Gunton, Rupert Barrington and Tom Hugh-Jones from the BBC Natural History Unit on the production team. The six-part series reveals the challenges faced by individual animals at different stages of their lives and was first broadcast on BBC One in 2014. The series is introduced and narrated by David Attenborough.

Production
The series was announced by the BBC on 8 July 2011 with the working title Survival, later changed to Life Story. It is a BBC Television, Discovery Channel, France Télévisions and Open University co-production and is the first Natural History Unit series to film using ultra high-definition 4K cameras. The series was marketed by BBC Worldwide at the BBC Worldwide Showcase event in 2014.

The series has been produced with extensive use of surround sound effects, and with out-of-frame sounds changing with each change of shot; something that is often minimised to avoid distraction but which works well on wildlife material. It is currently broadcast with Dolby 5.1 surround on Freesat.

Broadcast

British television
Life Storys world premiere took place at Bristol's Cinema de Lux on 14 October 2014, to coincide with the BBC's 80th anniversary in the city. The television broadcast began on 23 October 2014 on BBC One and BBC One HD. The UK broadcast consisted of six episodes, each of which included a 10-minute making-of documentary called Life Story Diaries.

International
The series was mainly broadcast internationally on BBC Earth channel, with a few exceptions for some countries.

In Canada, Canadian Broadcasting Corporation aired the series on CBC-TV from 11 January 2015.

On 6 June 2015, the series began its run on American television on the Discovery network, premiering on the Discovery Channel, and retained David Attenborough's narration from the original British television broadcasts.

Episodes

Merchandise

DVD and Blu-ray
The series was released in the UK as Region 2, two-disc DVD (BBCDVD3981) and Blu-ray (BBCBD0281) box sets by BBC Worldwide on 1 December 2014.

In United States, both DVD and Blu-ray were released on 29 March 2016 by Warner Home Video. As for Canada, both DVD and Blu-ray Disc were released under Bilingual Edition on 10 November 2015.

In Australia and New Zealand, DVD and Blu-ray were released by ABC DVD/Village Roadshow on 8 October 2015.

Books
In the United Kingdom, an accompanying hardcover format was written by Mike Gunton and Rupert Barrington. It was released on 9 October 2014 and published by BBC Books ().

References

External links

Life Story at BBC Earth
Life Story at BBC Earth Asia
Life Story at BBC Earth Nordic
Life Story at BBC Earth Poland (in Polish)
Life Story official site at OpenLearn

Life Story at CBC
Life Story at Discovery Channel
Life Story trailer at YouTube

BBC high definition shows
BBC television documentaries
2014 British television series debuts
2014 British television series endings
Documentary films about nature
David Attenborough
English-language television shows
Television series by BBC Studios
Discovery Channel original programming
Open University


title: Clique graph (disambiguation)

text:
The term "clique graph" may refer to:
 Complete graph, a graph in which every two vertices are adjacent
 Clique (graph theory), a complete subgraph
 Clique graph, the intersection graph of maximal cliques
 Simplex graph, a graph with a vertex for each clique in the original graph, with an edge between vertices that represent cliques that differ by exactly one vertex

See also
Cluster graph, a graph in which each component is a clique


title: Melissa Scott-Hayward

text:
Melissa Erica Maria O'Carroll Scott-Hayward (born 10 August 1990) is an Irish former cricketer who played as a right-handed batter and right-arm medium bowler. She appeared in 26 One Day Internationals and 22 Twenty20 Internationals for Ireland between 2008 and 2014. She played in the 2015 Women's Super 3s for Typhoons.

References

External links

1990 births
Living people
Irish women cricketers
Ireland women One Day International cricketers
Ireland women Twenty20 International cricketers
Typhoons (women's cricket) cricketers
Cricketers from County Dublin


title: National Supercomputer Centre in Sweden

text:
The National Supercomputer Centre in Sweden (NSC) is located in Linköping and operates the Triolith supercomputer which achieved 407.2 Teraflops on the LINPACK benchmark which rendered it place 79 on the November 2013 issue of the Top500 list of the fastest supercomputers in the world.

Notes

External links
 National Supercomputer Centre in Sweden (NSC)

Supercomputer sites


title: Lennox Lagu

text:
Lennox Lagu, born Mongameli Johnson Tshali (16 October 1938 7 September 2011) was a commander of Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK), the armed wing of the African National Congress (ANC). He was a major general in the South African National Defence Force (SANDF). He was posthumously promoted to Lieutenant General, and the only general in the history of South African Military to be promoted posthumously. He was a fierce opponent of the apartheid government.

Early life

Monganeli Tshali was born in Port Elizabeth on 16 October 1938, and was the eldest child. He did his primary and senior secondary schooling at Upper United Mission School and Newell High School in New Brighton respectively. He decided to join the fight against apartheid at a young age and left Port Elizabeth to join the struggle.

Whilst in exile in Zambia, Tshali met and wed Olipah Tshali until her death in 2002. They had 4 children Sebenzile Tshali, Zamile Tshali, Zuzeka Tshali and Sanele Tshali.

Military career

Tshali joined the ANC and MK in 1961; he served in various capacities until his return to South Africa in 1992. He served as an MK commander in the former Union of Soviet Socialist Republic (USSR), Tanzania, Angola, Zambia, Zimbabwe and Mozambique. He served as the ANC Chief Representative in Mozambique between 1975 and 1983.
In 1967–1968, Tshali was the deputy commander of the Luthuli Contingent which fought alongside Zimbabwean People’s Revolutionary Army (ZIPRA) forces in the Wankie Sipollilo campaign.

In 1994 Tshali was integrated into the SANDF where he obtained the rank of major general and served the South African Army as the leader of Project Juggernaut which dealt with issues of troop discipline.

Awards and decorations

Notes

References

1938 births
2011 deaths
South African Army generals
UMkhonto we Sizwe personnel


title: Calycolpus warscewiczianus

text:
Calycolpus warscewiczianus is a plant species native to Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panamá and Venezuela.

Calycolpus warscewiczianus is a tree up to 7 m high, with exfoliating bark. Leaves are opposite, ovate to oblong, up to 8 cm long, thick and leathery, hairless, three times as long as wide, tapering at the tips. Flowers are whitish to pink, fragrant. Berries are almost spherical, about 1 cm in diameter. The species is related to C. goetheanus but with thicker leaves that have more of a tendency to taper at the tip.

The species is named in honor of Polish botanist Josef Ritter von Rawiez Warscewiecz, 1812-1866. He is best known for his work on orchids of Central America, although he did contribute to the knowledge of other plant families as well. The type locale of Calycolpus warscewiczianus is given simply as "America australi," i.e. "southern America" but the collection is attributed to Warscewiecz. Presumably, the specimen was likely collected in Central America, as this is where Warscewiecz did most of his field work.

References

warscewiczianus
Flora of Panama
Flora of Costa Rica
Flora of Nicaragua
Flora of Venezuela


title: Akhilesh Jaiswal

text:
Akhilesh Jaiswal (born 19 March 1986) is an Indian film director and screenwriter.

Early life and background
Akhilesh Jaiswal was born in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh. He grew up in Bhopal, did his schooling from there and came to Mumbai in 2006 for graduation. He was pursuing Bachelor of Mass Media from Lala Lajpat Rai College of Commerce and Economics. Only a year later did he realize that he was ready to launch into his true calling filmmaking, and that graduation wasn't required for it. So, he dropped out after his first year of college and started making small-time Marathi ad films and worked backstage with some theater groups.

Career
Jaiswal says he always wanted to be a film maker. He got his big break when he got the opportunity to co-write Anurag Kashyap's 'Gangs of Wasseypur'. He made his directorial debut with Mastram, which released on 9 May 2014.

Akhilesh directed Ballabhpur Ki Roopkatha a web-adaptation of Badal Sarkar's classic, by the same name.

He has also helmed the story and screenwriting of ‘Simple Murder’ a web series  which got released on 20 Nov 20

Filmography

Director
 Mastram (2014)
 Ballabhpur Ki Roopkatha (web-adaptation of Badal Sarkar's classic) (2017)
 Bawri Chhori(2021)
 Starfish (2023)

Writer
Gangs of Wasseypur - Part 1 (2012)
Gangs of Wasseypur - Part 2 (2012)
Mastram (2014)
Ugly (Additional writer) (2014)
 A Simple Murder (2020)

References

External links

1986 births
Living people
Writers from Bhopal
Hindi-language film directors
Hindi-language screenwriters
Film directors from Madhya Pradesh
21st-century Indian film directors
Screenwriters from Madhya Pradesh


title: Hotel des Trois Couronnes

text:
The Hôtel des Trois Couronnes is a hotel in Vevey, Switzerland. It was built in 1842 on the ruins of the "Belles Truches" castle, built in 1376 (1). This building once destroyed left the place to a hotel built by Philippe Franel and inaugurated  on May 3, 1842 (3) under the name "Hôtel Monnet" (3), the name of its owner back then. Gabriel Monnet named it "Trois Couronnes" because he owned an inn of the same name, also situated on Vevey's Rue du Simplon (4).

Originally built with a direct access to Lake Geneva, the building lost it in 1863 with the construction of the lakeside promenade. In 1890, several transformations occurred: two annexes were added to the main building, as well as a ballroom in the west wing and a new residential area in the east wing (5).

The building is registered as a cultural property of national value (6). It was entirely renovated in 2000 and since 2003 is a Swiss historical hotel (7).

Among the many celebrities who stayed at the hotel, three crowned heads allowed the hotel property to justify its name: Queen Olga of Greece, the Maharajah Holkar of Indore and King William III of the Netherlands (8).

Inspired by the hotel's intrigue, the writer Henry James wrote his short story Daisy Miller.

Bibliography
 Fédia Muller, Vevey et l'Hôtel des trois couronnes, 1958

References

Frédéric Jean Charles de Gingins-La-Sarra, Histoire de la ville de Vevey et de son avouerie: depuis son origine jusqu'au XIVème siècle ; suivie d'une Notice sur la baronnie du Châtelard et de Montreux ; des tables généalogiques des sires de la Maison d'Oron et d'un plan de Vevey au Moyen âge, 1863, p. 43-44
Dave Lüthi, Eugène Jost: architecte du passé retrouvé, PPUR presses polytechniques, coll. « Les Archives de la construction moderne », 2001 (), p. 43
John Coindet, Vevey et ses environs: avec deux panoramas indicateurs du lac et des montagnes, F. Mack, 1862, p. 8
Pascal Hoffer, Grands Hôtels Palaces: Les bâtisseurs de rêve, Éditions Cabédita, coll. « Archives vivantes romandes », 2003 (), p. 18

Hotels in Switzerland
Hotel buildings completed in 1842
1842 establishments in Switzerland
19th-century architecture in Switzerland


title: Jovan Ilić (disambiguation)

text:
Jovan Ilić (Cyrillic: Јован Илић ) can refer to:

 Jovan Ilić (1824—1901), Serbian writer and a politician
 Jovan Ilić (bishop) (1884—1975), bishop of the Serbian Orthodox Church
 Jovan Ilić (geographer) (1928—2009), Serbian geography professor


title: Sanyuanli incident

text:
The Sanyuanli incident () was a military conflict between regular troops of the British Army and an irregular force made up of Chinese militia and local citizens that took place around Sanyuanli village on the outskirts of Canton (now Guangzhou) on the 29May 1841 after the Second Battle of Canton at the time of the First Opium War (18391842). Regarded by the British as a minor skirmish, to the Chinese it is regarded as a live example of a spontaneous uprising by the indigenous Chinese people in response to the actions of an actively aggressive invading foreign power since 1644.

Background
On 25May 1841, British forces under Major-general Hugh Gough left their transports at Qìnhăi (沁海) some  north west of Canton and prepared to storm the city. By the evening of the next day they had captured four Chinese forts and stood ready to attack the city walls. Instead, word arrived that the Qing authorities had agreed to British demands for compensation and the withdrawal of troops such that the planned assault was put on hold on the morning of the 27th.

Incident
Postponement of the attack left nearly 5,000 British and Indian troops milling around in the sultry heat and moist atmosphere of the paddy fields north of Canton. According to historian Frederic Wakeman, there was no question that looting took place in villages such as Sanyuanli, but on the whole, by British military standards of the time, the troops behaved well. Nevertheless, according to Chinese sources, the rape of villager Wei Shaoguang's (韋紹光) wife by a British soldier triggered the incident. Thereafter the incensed local populace, swelled by arrivals from nearby villages, grew into a crowd of 10,000 who besieged the British on all sides. Armed with machetes, pikes and a variety of swords they enticed a detachment of 60 British Sepoys into the marshy paddy fields where the latter's flintlock muskets, sodden by the heavy rain, failed to fire as the villagers attacked. Four British soldiers were killed with a further twenty or more wounded.

The British dispatched two units of marines, armed with waterproof percussion muskets, to reinforce the Sepoys. After a two-hour siege British forces withdrew to the Western Fort, only to be followed by the villagers who once more surrounded them. Once he understood the situation, the British commander passed a message to Guangzhou governor Yu Baochun (余葆纯) telling him that if the siege continued, the main force of the British Army would raze Canton to the ground. Yu, well aware that this was no empty threat given the size of the enemy forces, urged the crowd to disperse, which only led to him being branded a traitor to the people.

Legacy
With his reputation in tatters, the only post Yu Baochun could obtain was as a minor official in the department responsible for Imperial Examinations, where patriotic students would throw ink in his face.

At the epicentre of the conflict, a small hillock known as Niulangang (牛栏岗) at the side of the modern road north to Baiyun International Airport, the Guangzhou Provincial Government on 23May 1991 set up a simple concrete memorial to commemorate the 150th anniversary of the clash.

As historian Frederic Wakeman writes: "Out of the humiliating military defeats of the Opium War they have been able to extract a great popular victory, blemished only by the cowardice of Qing officials. Today, on the mainland, every child's history book contains an account of the battle. Every tablet, every shrine to the Sanyuanli dead, has been carefully tabulated by the local history bureau of the province: a Bunker Hill and an Alamo rolled into one."

Notes

References

Bibliography

1841 in China
Battles of the First Opium War
Conflicts in 1841
History of Guangzhou
May 1841 events


title: Wallace Wilson Graham

text:
Wallace Wilson Graham (September 16, 1815 - October 13, 1898) was an American politician and lawyer.

Born in Crageycroy, County Armagh, Ireland, Graham moved with family to Quebec and then to Ashtabula, Ohio. There, he grew up and was admitted to the Ohio bar in 1837. In 1838, he moved to Milwaukee, Wisconsin Territory and practiced law. He served in the Milwaukee County, Wisconsin Board of Supervisors and the Milwaukee County Council. He served in the first Wisconsin Constitutional Convention of 1846 as a Democrat. Graham then served in the Wisconsin State Assembly in 1852. He died in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.

Notes

1815 births
1898 deaths
Lawyers from County Armagh
Politicians from Ashtabula, Ohio
Ohio lawyers
Wisconsin lawyers
Wisconsin city council members
County supervisors in Wisconsin
Democratic Party members of the Wisconsin State Assembly
19th-century American politicians
19th-century American lawyers
Politicians from County Armagh


title: Hayling Island Lifeboat Station

text:
Hayling Island Lifeboat Station is a Royal National Lifeboat Institution station located on Hayling Island close to the town of Mengham in the English county of Hampshire. The station is located on the eastern side of Hayling island at the entrance to Chichester Harbour where it joins the major shipping route of the Solent, and is opposite the village of West Wittering. This major shipping route is busy at all times of the year and there are estimated to be 10,000 boats in the Chichester area alone. The Hayling Island station provides cover for the area 24 hours a day, all year, by means of two inshore rigid inflatable lifeboats placed on this station.

History

1865–1924: original station

The Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI) first opened a lifeboat station on Hayling Island in 1865 after a pair of marine incidents in 1862 and 1865 made it clear that regular lifeboat coverage was required at Hayling. In each incident, local fishermen had been required to step in and rescue the crews of wrecked vessels, despite lacking proper lifesaving equipment and training. In February 1865, a location was found for a boathouse and an order placed for a self-righting lifeboat for Hayling. The station was officially opened on 13 September 1865 with the naming of the new lifeboat called , was blessed by the Bishop of Chichester Ashurst Gilbert. The first boathouse was built at a cost of cost of £259 10s 0d and was used until 1913. The original structure is still standing, although not in its original form: it has been incorporated into a structure used as a public house and restaurant.

In 1888, Hayling received the , a self-righting lifeboat, which remained on station until 1914.

In 1914 a new lifeboat, the Rubie-class , was allocated to Hayling. As she was larger than the previous two lifeboats, a new boathouse was required. The new boathouse was built two miles to the east of the original, at a cost of £900.

The original all-weather lifeboat service at Hayling island operated for a total of 59 years until closure on 15 May 1924. The RNLI decided to close the station as the neighbouring stations at Selsey to the south-east, and Bembridge to the south west on the Isle of Wight, both operated more modern and faster motor lifeboats which, by the 1920s, were deemed to be more effective given the shipping patterns and the type of vessels now operating in the Solent. The 1914 boathouse still stands on the seafront and today is used by the Army cadets.

1966–1980: private lifeboat station and re-opening

By the 1950s, increased use of pleasure craft along the Hayling coastline had led to a corresponding increase in marine incidents which required lifeboat services. In 1966, a local man and his two sons started an unofficial rescue service and patrol on the island, using an old RNLI inflatable to patrol the coast and provide faster local response times. The fledgling service was run from a caravan located next to the coastguard station. A Land Rover was used to launch the boat and the lifeboat was powered with a 40 hp Evinrude outboard motor. Their tiny organisation became part of the Shore Boat Rescue Scheme, an RNLI-recognised scheme.

This independent service formalised in 1971 as the Hayling Island Sea Rescue and Research Organisation (HISRrO), which launched for rescue services and undertook patrols along the area's coast and inland estuaries. It also researched rescue procedures and methods for divers. In 1975 the HISRrO and the RNLI agreed to operate a joint service and in 1975 the partnership began operating from a new boathouse at Sandy Point. The RNLI placed an Atlantic 21 Inshore Life Boat (ILB) on station. The two organisations worked alongside each other until 1978, when they agreed to discontinue their joint association. Sole administration for the station and service was taken over by the RNLI. HISRrO continued to operate independently after the split until closing in August 1992.

In 1980, launch facilities at the boathouse were improved with the installation of a launch ramp. In November 1980 the station also received a new Atlantic 21 inshore lifeboat, the first to be designed and built for the Hayling Island station.

2004–present: hovercraft and new station

In June 2004 the RNLI sent a hovercraft, , for trials at Hayling island.

Work began on an extensive refurbishment of the station in late 2006 to allow the placement of a new lifeboat, its A85 Do-Do launch carriage, and a launch tractor. The operated out of shipping containers temporarily placed on the station's car park during the rebuild. The new station, which incorporated the old structure, was completed in November 2007 and included a new boat hall with an upper storey. The new station was paid for from legacies of £500,000 from the Lusty family and £300,000 provided by Gwendoline Prince and the Hudson family.
The two current lifeboats are an  lifeboat and a  lifeboat. The Atlantic 85 inshore lifeboat is called Derrick Battle (B-829) and arrived on station on 26 February 2009. It is fitted with radar interlaced into the GPS system and VHF direction finding gear. The lifeboat is equipped with two 115 hp Yamaha outboard engines and has the capability of thirty five knots. The second lifeboat is a smaller D-class inflatable lifeboat and is called . It arrived on station in May 2005 and is an IB1 type boat powered by a 50 hp outboard engine giving her a top speed of twenty five knots.

Fleet

All Weather Boats

Inshore Lifeboats

B-class Lifeboats

D-class Lifeboats

References

Lifeboat stations in Hampshire
Hayling Island


title: Subway Alumni

text:
The Subway Alumni are a group of Notre Dame Fighting Irish fans who are known for their strict allegiance to the school although never attending or graduating from the school. The group's nickname originated when New York City area residents began traveling to early Notre Dame football games around the New York area by train. The largely Irish and Catholic population began to rally around the emerging Midwestern school.

In 1991, Notre Dame on NBC continued to increase and grow the size of the Subway Alumni when every Notre Dame football home game was televised nationally.

For the last nine decades, the Subway Alumni has grown through generation after generation. Although born in the New York City area, the group quickly spread to Philadelphia, Boston, Chicago and the rest of the country.

In Italy, where a Notre Dame Club was founded in 1944, 'subway alumni' are known as 'catacomb alumni'.

History

In 1913, led by Coach Jesse Harper, Notre Dame football set out to expand past their mid-western roots and scheduled games with national powerhouses Texas, Penn State and Army. On November 1, 1913, led by quarterback Charles “Gus” Dorais and end Knute Rockne Notre Dame stunned the Black Knights on the Hudson, by a final score of 35–13 at West Point.

In 1918, Knute Rockne was named Head Coach of Notre Dame, then known as the Ramblers. During his 13 seasons, Rockne would become a legendary figure in Notre Dame history, winning three National Championships and finishing with an overall 105-12-5 record.

By the 1919 game at West Point, there was a crowd of more than 5,000, which included hundreds – 700, according to the Notre Dame Scholastic, the weekly student publication – of Notre Dame supporters, many of them former players, alumni, and current students, including spectators from the New York area who would ultimately become the core of what would be called Notre Dame's “Subway Alumni” and whose ranks would eventually spread throughout the country.

In the 1920s, Notre Dame alumnus Francis Wallace popularized the often used nickname of “Fighting Irish” when referring to the team in his New York Daily News columns. In 1927, University President Rev. Matthew Walsh, C.S.C., officially adopted “Fighting Irish” as the Notre Dame nickname. The victory over Army not only focused more attention on Notre Dame but boosted the spirits of tens of thousands of Irish Catholics throughout the country – many of whom had never set foot on a college campus but had become enamored of a team and a university with which they now had a common bond. These newfound followers of Notre Dame football would come to be known as the school's “Subway Alumni.”

Perhaps the most notable aspect of the 1921 season was Notre Dame playing three games within the span of eight days. After beating Army on Saturday, November 5, the team remained in the New York area, staying and practicing at the Bear Mountain Inn near West Point, and then made its New York City debut the following Tuesday, Election Day, by routing Rutgers, 48–0, before a crowd of less than 12,000 at the Polo Grounds, home of baseball's New York Giants and New York Yankees. Despite the short period of time between the games, Rockne had accepted an offer from Rutgers – who Notre Dame had never played – to play at the Polo Grounds because it would attract the attention of New York's dozen newspapers and Notre Dame alumni in the metropolitan area, along with hopefully adding to its growing “Subway Alumni” who had no connection with the school.

In 1923, having outgrown Cullum Field at West Point, Notre Dame and Army decided to move their rivalry to New York. The first game was played before a near-capacity crowd of around 35,000 at Ebbets Field  in Brooklyn, then home to the Brooklyn Robins of the National League, later known as the Dodgers. The second game, played in Manhattan on October 18, 1924, at the Polo Grounds, home of the New York Giants baseball team, attracted a larger crowd, a capacity gathering of 55,000. An even bigger crowd of about 65,000 turned out for the third New York City game, and the first at Yankee Stadium in the Bronx. Those large crowds, which mainly seemed to be made up of Notre Dame supporters – perhaps because of the city's large Irish population – were an indication that the school's “Subway Alumni” was continuing to grow.

In the early days of Notre Dame football becoming a national powerhouse, the Subway Alumni received its name because so many of them were from New York City and traveled by subway to and from Army-Notre Dame games throughout the New York City area. In years to come, the Subway Alumni would expand throughout Philadelphia, Chicago, Boston and cities all over the country and abroad.

Alumni Associations

The University of Notre Dame Alumni Association  has clubs in other cities elsewhere in the world. However, these clubs are not exclusive to only those who have graduated from the university. The Subway Alumni make up a portion of the membership in many of these clubs. The Gettysburg, Pennsylvania club is made up of ninety two percent (92%) Subway Alumni.

Celebrity Subway Alumni

Jon Bon Jovi
Vince Vaughn
George Wendt
Martin Sheen
Jim Caviezel
David Robinson
Danny Boy O'Connor

References

Notre Dame Fighting Irish football
University of Notre Dame people