title: Mihri Müşfik Hanım

text:
Mihri Müşfik Hanım (; born Mihri Rasim Achba; 26 February 1886 –  1954) was an Abkhazian princess and painter who became one of the first and most renowned female painters in Turkey. She was recognized especially for her portraits, including popular figures  Mustafa Kemal Atatürk and Pope Benedict XV.

Early life and education
Mihri Müşfik Hanım was born on 26 February 1886 in the Rasim Pasha Mansion, Baklatarlası neighborhood of Kadıköy in Istanbul. She was a member of Abkhazian princely family, Achba. Her father was Prince Dr. Ahmed Rasim Pasha, an anatomy specialist, and a preeminent instructor in the Military School of Medicine. He was also the president of this institution. His refined tastes and interest in music, painting, and in literature played an important role in the artistic formation of his daughter. In addition to his reputation as a physician, he was also famous for his interest in music, and for playing the saz at evening gatherings. Her mother was Fatma Neședil Hanım, also an Abkhazian. Her younger sister Enise Hanım was mother to the painter Hale Asaf, another distinguished female artist of the late Ottoman society.

Mihri Hanım received a typical western education. She took an interest in literature, music, and painting. Her first private lessons in painting were provided by an Italian Orientalist artist, Fausto Zonaro, in his studio in the Istanbul quarter of Beşiktaş-Akaretler. She fell in love with the Italian director of an acrobat company visiting Istanbul, and subsequently departed for Rome, and then Paris, evidently wishing to be involved in art circles. For sometime she lived and worked in a flat in Montparnasse, sustaining herself by painting portraits, and subletting one of rooms to students. One of these tenants was Müşfik Selami Bey, a student of politics at the University of Sorbonne, whom she later married. Müşfik was the son of Selami Bey, a well-known personage from Bursa. He was interested in politics, history, and literature. However, their date of marriage is unknown.

Career

Early career
Mihri was introduced to Cavid Bey, Ottoman Minister of Finance, in Paris to arrange an agreement with the French government following the Balkan Wars. Telegrams sent by Cavid Bey to the Minister of Education recommending Mihri resulted in her being appointed as an art teacher at the Istanbul Teachers' Training School for Girls in 1913. When the School of Fine Arts for Girls (İnas Sanâyi-i Nefîse Mektebi) was established in 1914, she was employed here as director as well as fine arts instructor, following the appointment of mathematician Salih Zeki Bey.

Edebiyat-ı Cedide
Mihri also had friends among the poets of Edebiyat-ı Cedide (New Literature), especially one of its leaders, Tevfik Fikret. If the Edebiyat-ı Cedide constituted the literary wing of French artistic influence among the late Ottoman intelligentsia, Mihri Hanım can be said to represent its counterpart in painting; she clearly had a special place among the artists of this school. Tevfik Fikret's house in Aşiyan became her studio for a time.

Edebiyat-ı Cedide poets were influenced by Realism, Parnassianism, and Symbolism, which dominated nineteenth-century French literature during this period. Cenap Şahabettin, a member of Servet-i Fünun, notes one of its principle conceptions, a special relation with nature: "a place where emotions and dreams roam," it was also taken to act as the mirror of the artist's souls. In addition to this influence, the colour symbolism of Edebiyat-ı Cedide poetry seems to have influenced Mihri Hanım's work Maî ve Siyah [Blue and Black], Halid Ziya Uşaklıgil's famous novel reflects the 'blues' of the Edebiyat-ı Cedide school as well as Mihri Hanım's portraits.

Allegations
Mihri Hanım's visit to the journalist Hüseyin Cahit Yalçın and the convicted ex-minister of finance, Cavit Bey, gave rise to criticisms regarding her behaviour. In response, in 1919 she and her students paid a visit to the newspaper Tanin, and denounced the allegations. Her close relations with the İttihat ve Terraki Cemiyeti (Committee of Union and Progress; CUP) eventually caused Mihri Hanım to leave Istanbul, occupied by Allied powers, for Italy in 1919. Within a year after her return, she resumed teaching at the School of Fine Arts for Girls.

Visit to Italy and divorce
Toward the end of 1922, she went to Italy again and there ended her marriage with Müşfik Bey in 1923. She had an affair with the Italian poet Gabriele D'Annunzio and through him found an opportunity to paint a portrait of the pope as well as to work at the restoration of the frescoes in a chapel. Mihri Hanım had been introduced to Gabriele D'Annunzio by her friend, painter Renato Brozzi, and corresponded with him through Brozzi. She was occasionally a topic in their correspondence. On 4 February 1926, d'Annunzio wrote to Brozzi: "Where is the Turkish lady? I have been unable to hear from her. If you see her, embrace her for me, but this embrace must be that of harem agha's". In another letter, written on 26 August 1926, the "Turkish lady" was once again recalled: "Where is the odalisque Mihri? What is she doing?" Apparently, regardless of Mihri Hanım's struggles as a professional, these Italian painters continued to view her through an Orientalist filter.

Later career
Mihri Hanım returned to Turkey briefly after the foundation of the Republic. Here, she painted Atatürk's portrait and presented it to him personally at the Çankaya Presidential Residence in Ankara.

Mihri Hanım subsequently traveled to Rome, to Paris and then to the United States (New York City, Boston, Washington D.C., and Chicago). A news item in the New York Times dated 25 November 1928 noted that a collection of Mihri Hanım's work was to be exhibited at the George Maziroff Gallery between November 26 and December 15.

Between 1938 and 1939, she worked as a protocol hostess at the World Exposition in Long Island, New York. During this period, she painted a portrait of Rezzan Yelman, the wife of journalist Ahmet Emin Yalman, who lived in New York. She also reportedly produced cover illustrations for various journals published in New York during World War II.

Death
She lived her last years destitute, and died in 1954. She was buried in the potter's field on Hart Island in New York.

Tribute
On 26 February 2017, Google Doodle commemorated her 131st birthday. In September 2019, she was featured in the New York Times Overlooked series obituaries on remarkable people whose deaths initially went unreported in newspaper.

References

Sources

External links
 Mihri Müşfik Hanım’ın Retrospektifi
 New York'taki resim sergisine dair haber küpürü

1886 births
1954 deaths
Artists from Istanbul
People from the Ottoman Empire of Abkhazian descent
20th-century painters from the Ottoman Empire
20th-century Turkish women artists


title: The Cherry Orchard (disambiguation)

text:
The Cherry Orchard is a play by Anton Chekhov.

The Cherry Orchard may also refer to several works based on the play:

 The Cherry Orchard (1973 film), Australian TV film
 The Cherry Orchard (1981 film), British TV film
 Sakura no Sono, a Japanese manga series adapted into a 1990 film released with the English title The Cherry Orchard
 The Cherry Orchard (1999 film), International co-production


title: Eden Hall

text:
Eden Hall is a historic plantation house located near McCormick in McCormick County, South Carolina.  It was built about 1854, and is a large -story, white frame Greek Revival style dwelling.  It sits on a high brick foundation and features a pedimented, two story front portico.  Also on the property is the original well and canopy.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.

References

Plantation houses in South Carolina
Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Greek Revival houses in South Carolina
Houses completed in 1854
Houses in McCormick County, South Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in McCormick County, South Carolina


title: Noah Rod

text:
Noah Rod (born 7 June 1996) is a Swiss professional ice hockey right winger who currently serves as captain of Genève-Servette HC of the National League (NL). Rod was selected by the Sharks in the second round (53rd overall) of the 2014 NHL Entry Draft.

Playing career
Rod made his National League A debut playing with Genève-Servette HC during the 2013–14 NLA season, signing a one-year contract. In 2014, he was selected by the San Jose Sharks in the second round (53rd overall) of the 2014 NHL Entry Draft.

On 5 October 2016, Rod agreed to a five-year contract extension with Geneva with an NHL-out clause.

At the conclusion of Genève-Servette's 2016–17 season after a first round sweep in the post-season, Rod used his out-clause in signing a three-year entry-level contract with the San Jose Sharks of the National Hockey League on 23 March 2017. After sorting out immigration visa issues, Rod was assigned to affiliate for the playoff run of  the San Jose Barracuda of the American Hockey League (AHL).

At the end of the 2016–17 season, Rod stated that he would no longer play in the AHL, considering the league too weak compared to the National League. Should he not make the Sharks roster at the end of training camp, he would then rejoin Genève-Servette. After participating in the Sharks training camp and pre-season, Rod was reassigned on loan back to Genève-Servette on 25 September 2017. In the off-season following the 2017–18 season, Rod was placed on unconditional waivers and mutually terminated his contract with the Sharks on July 17, 2018, after he refused to play in the AHL. That same day, he was named captain of Genève-Servette HC and signed through the 2023–24 season with the team.

On September 16, 2019, Rod was suspended for 2 games and fined CHF 3,900 after an illegal check against SCL Tigers's Loic In-Albon during the first regular season game on September 14, 2019.

On January 17, 2020, Rod was suspended for 4 games and fined CHF 6,400 following a hit to the head of Alessio Bertaggia in a game against HC Lugano on January 14, 2020.

International play

Rod represented the Swiss National junior team at multiple tournaments. The first time he was selected to play for Switzerland men's national team, was during the 2016 Deutschland Cup.

Rod won silver with Switzerland at the 2018 IIHF World Championship in Denmark. He appeared in all 10 games of the tournament (0 point). The next year, Rod was also named to the team for the 2019 IIHF World Championship in Slovakia.

Personal life
Rod is the son of former National League player Jean-Luc Rod who spent most of his career with HC Fribourg-Gottéron.

His brother, Julien, is currently under contract with HC Fribourg-Gottéron in the Swiss U20 league.

Career statistics

Regular season and playoffs

International

References

External links

1996 births
Living people
Swiss expatriate ice hockey people
Genève-Servette HC players
San Jose Barracuda players
San Jose Sharks draft picks
Swiss expatriate sportspeople in the United States
Swiss ice hockey right wingers
People from La Chaux-de-Fonds
Sportspeople from the canton of Neuchâtel


title: 2/11th Field Regiment (Australia)

text:
The 2/11th Field Regiment was an Australian Army artillery regiment formed as part of the Second Australian Imperial Force during World War II. Formed in Victoria in mid-1940, the regiment was deployed to the Middle East in 1941 and subsequently took part in the fighting against the Vichy French in the Syria–Lebanon Campaign. In early 1942, they were brought back to Australia in response to Japan's entry into the war, and in 1943 joined the garrison in Darwin. Throughout 1944–45, the regiment was deployed to New Guinea before supporting the 3rd Division's campaign on Bougainville. After the war, the regiment was disbanded.

History
Formed in July 1940 under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Leonard Stillman, the 2/11th Field Regiment initially consisted of two batteries – the 21st and 22nd – although later, in October  1941, a third battery, designated as the 61st, was raised. Upon formation, the regiment was assigned to the 8th Division, and after it was established in Richmond, Victoria, the regiment concentrated at Seymour, before joining the rest of the division at Bonegilla in September, where it was issued with World War I-vintage 18-pound guns. In October 1940, the regiment was transferred from the 8th Division to I Australian Corps, and moved to Puckapunyal where further training was completed prior to deployment overseas in April 1941.

Arriving in Egypt in May, the regiment was initially deployed to Palestine where further training was undertaken and more equipment, including more 18-pounders and several 4.5-inch howitzers. A short time later, these were replaced by 25-pounders when the regiment was committed to the Syria–Lebanon Campaign. As a corps unit, rather than one that was assigned at divisional level, it could be reallocated as necessary and for the campaign it was tasked with supporting the British 6th Division, which had been sent to the Middle East lacking the majority of the required supporting arms. They subsequently took  part in the fighting in the Damascus sector and around Mezze. After the surrender of the Vichy forces, the regiment undertook garrison duties as part of the Allied occupation force before returning to Australia in March 1942, as the Australian government sought to bolster the country's defences in response to Japan's entry into the war.

Upon their return, the 2/11th concentrated around Woodford, Queensland, before moving to Darwin in the Northern Territory in early January 1943. They stayed in Darwin as part of the garrison there until September 1943, when they deployed to New Guinea where they were based around Nadzab, directly under the command of the First Australian Army. They remained there for the next seven months. In this time, the regiment was not assigned a combat role, and instead its personnel spent the time conducting jungle training and labouring tasks, being employed to expand and develop the Allied base that had been established at Nadzab to support operations in the Finisterre Ranges, and as stevedores in Lae.

In May 1945, they were transferred to II Australian Corps and transported to Torokina to take part in the Bougainville Campaign. Their deployment had been delayed by lack of shipping, but once they had arrived the regiment was assigned to the 3rd Division, and was allocated to support the 15th Brigade's advance towards the main Japanese base around Buin in the south. The regiment was heavily engaged between mid-May and early July when the Australian offensive came to an end amidst heavy rain and during this time the three batteries together fired over 18,000 rounds. Fire missions undertaken in this time included the provision of counter-battery and preparatory fires, and support to patrol operations with each of the regiment's batteries being individually assigned to one of the 15th Brigade's three infantry battalions. To ensure accurate support was provided forward observation officers were assigned to infantry patrols during this time; fires were also directed by spotter planes.

One member of the regiment, Lieutenant Colonel John Hayes – its commanding officer on Bougainville – was killed in action during the war, losing his life on 14 June 1945 when he and his scout party were ambushed while conducting a reconnaissance patrol; other casualties included 11 dead from non combat related causes on active service and 13 wounded. Decorations awarded amounted to two Military Crosses, one was to Philip Dietrich, and two Mentions in Despatches. The regiment was disbanded at the end of the war. Roughly 1,500 personnel served in the regiment's ranks over the course of the war.

Commanding officers
The following officers commanded the 2/11th Field Regiment:
 Lieutenant Colonel Leonard Stillman (1940–43)
 Lieutenant Colonel James Entink (1943–45)
 Lieutenant Colonel John Hayes (1945);
 Lieutenant Colonel Brian Samson (1945).

References
 Citations

 Bibliography

Artillery regiments of Australia
Military units and formations established in 1940
1940 establishments in Australia
Military units and formations disestablished in 1945
1945 disestablishments in Australia


title: Frances K. Marlatt

text:
Frances Knoche Marlatt (March 24, 1901 – November 28, 1969) was an American lawyer and politician from New York.

Life
She was born on March 24, 1901, in Buffalo, New York, the daughter of painter Hamilton Irving Marlatt (1860–1929) and Lillie Belle (Knoche) Marlatt. She attended the public schools in Mount Vernon. She graduated B.A. from Barnard College in 1921; M.A. in sociology from Columbia University in 1922; and LL.B. from New York University School of Law in 1925. She was Editor-in-Chief of the New York University Law Review, the first woman to hold that position. She was admitted to the bar in 1926, and practiced law in Mount Vernon.

In 1949, she was appointed to the Board of Supervisors of Westchester County, to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Charles L. Hughes.

Frances Marlatt was a member of the New York State Assembly (Westchester Co., 3rd D.) from 1954 to 1960, sitting in the 169th, 170th, 171st and 172nd New York State Legislatures.

She died on November 28, 1969, in Mount Vernon Hospital in Mount Vernon, New York; and was buried at the Woodlawn Cemetery in the Bronx.

Sources

1901 births
1969 deaths
Republican Party members of the New York State Assembly
Politicians from Mount Vernon, New York
Politicians from Buffalo, New York
Women state legislators in New York (state)
County legislators in New York (state)
Barnard College alumni
Burials at Woodlawn Cemetery (Bronx, New York)
New York University School of Law alumni
20th-century American politicians
20th-century American women politicians
Lawyers from Buffalo, New York
20th-century American lawyers


title: Trgovište (disambiguation)

text:
Trgovište may refer to the following places:

Serbia
Trgovište, small town and municipality in Pčinja District
Trgovište (Knjaževac), village in Knjaževac Municipality
Trgovište (Kraljevo), village in Kraljevo Municipality
Trgovište (Sokobanja), village in Sokobanja Municipality
Staro Trgovište, old market-place near Stari Ras in Novi Pazar Municipality
Novo Trgovište, old Serbian name for the city of Novi Pazar

Bosnia and Herzegovina
Trgovište, Bosnia and Herzegovina, village in Republika Srpska

See also

 Targoviste (disambiguation)


title: John Albert Gibert M.D. House

text:
John Albert Gibert M.D. House is a historic home located near McCormick in McCormick County, South Carolina.  It was built about 1867, and is a two-story, frame, I-house embellished with Greek Revival style decorative elements.  It features a full-height portico supported by massive Doric order masonry columns.  Also on the property is a one-story frame outbuilding (c. 1900), originally a single dwelling, but which later served as a general store.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1993.

References

Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Greek Revival houses in South Carolina
Houses completed in 1867
Houses in McCormick County, South Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in McCormick County, South Carolina
I-houses in South Carolina


title: The Climbers

text:
The Climbers may refer to:

 The Climbers (band), a British band
 The Climbers (play), 1901 play by Clyde Fitch
 The Climbers (1915 film), a lost 1915 silent film based on the play
 The Climbers (1919 film), a 1919 silent film based on the play
 The Climbers (1927 film), a lost 1927 silent film based on the play
 The Climbers (2019 film), a film directed by Daniel Lee with a guest appearance by Jackie Chan

See also
 Climber (disambiguation)


title: Farmer's Bank

text:
Farmer's Bank, also known as the McCormick Messenger Building, is a historic bank building located at McCormick in McCormick County, South Carolina.  It was built about 1911, and is a two-story frame and brick building with Classical Revival design elements.  The first floor storefront is encompassed by a large rounded arch with radiating voussoirs and quoins.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

References

Bank buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Neoclassical architecture in South Carolina
Commercial buildings completed in 1911
Buildings and structures in McCormick County, South Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in McCormick County, South Carolina
1911 establishments in South Carolina


title: Mahito Yokota

text:
is a Japanese music composer and orchestrator who works for the video game development company Nintendo. He is most known for his collaborations with Koji Kondo in the Super Mario Galaxy series, along with Super Mario 3D World. Yokota served as an audio director at Koei prior to joining Nintendo in 2003.

Works

References

Year of birth missing (living people)
21st-century conductors (music)
21st-century Japanese composers
21st-century Japanese male musicians
Japanese composers
Japanese male conductors (music)
Japanese male composers
Living people
Mario (franchise) music
Nintendo people
Video game composers
Place of birth missing (living people)


The Lithuania men's national volleyball team represents Lithuania in international men's volleyball competitions and friendly matches.

History
Although volleyball was always regularly played in Lithuania, both men's and women's national teams were inactive for a long time. In 2014 the Lithuania men's national volleyball team participated in 2015 Men's European Volleyball Championship qualification tournament and it was the first Lithuanian team international appearance after 20 years of absence.

References

External links
Lithuanian Volleyball Federation

Volleyball
National men's volleyball teams
Volleyball in Lithuania
Men's sport in Lithuania


title: Hotel Keturah

text:
Hotel Keturah is a historic hotel building located at McCormick in McCormick County, South Carolina.  It was built about 1910, and is a 2 1/2-story, brick building with a hipped roof in the Colonial Revival style.  The front façade features a one-story frame porch with Doric order Tuscan columns.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

References

Hotel buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Colonial Revival architecture in South Carolina
Hotel buildings completed in 1910
Buildings and structures in McCormick County, South Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in McCormick County, South Carolina
1910 establishments in South Carolina


title: Santi Marco e Andrea a Nilo

text:
The church of Santi Marco e Andrea a Nilo is a former Roman Catholic church, located on via Paladino #50 in central Naples, Italy. It is less than a block east of the Santa Maria Assunta dei Pignatelli church.

History
A church at the site was initially built in the 6th century and dedicated to St Andrew the Apostle. It has had diverse custodians over the centuries, from the representative of the Pope, to various monastic orders, including Byzantine monks who had fled the Eastern Roman Empire during the Iconoclastic Controversy. By the 17th century, it had been ceded to the Contraternity degli Osti e dei Tavernari (Innkeepers), who dedicated the church also to their patron, St Mark the Evangelist.

This confraternity funded a reconstruction and decoration of the church in Baroque style. The interior once held an altarpiece, now lost, by Francesco Curia, depicting St Mark and St Andrew before the Virgin. The church has a sarcophagus that putatively held the remains of Santa Candida the elder. Much of the interior frescoes have suffered damage from humidity. The confraternity abandoned the church in 1957. The church suffered damage during the earthquake of November 23, 1980, and was rebuilt under the supervision of the architect Adriano De Rose. The church is now affiliated with the Orthodox Church of the Patriarch of Bucharest.

References

Former churches in Naples
Baroque architecture in Naples
17th-century Roman Catholic church buildings in Italy


title: Am I Still Autistic?

text:
Am I Still Autistic?: How a Low-Functioning, Slightly Retarded Toddler Became the CEO of a Multi-Million Dollar Corporation is a 2011 auto-biographical, self-help book written by John R. Hall. It is an account of Hall's experiences with autism both as someone who was diagnosed with the condition and as the father of a special needs child.

Background

The book recounts Hall's childhood and adult life after Hall was diagnosed as "severely autistic" with other developmental issues prior to the age of 2. The book chronicles Hall's journey which includes the founding of Greenwood & Hall, an educational technology company based in Santa Ana, California, the birth of Hall's son, and how Hall dealt with the autism diagnosis of his own son.

References

Sources

Am I Still Autistic?: How a Low-Functioning, Slightly Retarded Toddler Became the CEO of a Multi-Million Dollar Corporation, Dr. John R. Hall. Opportunities In Education, LLC., Santa Monica. 2011
TedX Manhattan Beach: Journey To Purpose, 13 October 2012
A father with autism deals with his son's diagnosis, 17 April 2012
Autism doesn't have to be the end of hope, 5 April 2012
2011 non-fiction books
Self-help books
Books about autism


title: Kentucky Route 81

text:
Kentucky Route 81 is a 39.961-mile (64.331 km) state highway in Kentucky that runs from U.S. Route 431 in South Carrollton to Kentucky Route 2831 and Kentucky Route 81 in Owensboro via Bremen, Sacramento, Rumsey, and Calhoun.

Major intersections

References

0081
Transportation in Muhlenberg County, Kentucky
Transportation in McLean County, Kentucky
Transportation in Daviess County, Kentucky


title: List of airports in Telangana

text:
Telangana, India has one commercial airport which has access to international flights along with some non-used airstrips for emergency purposes.

Rajiv Gandhi International Airport under the governance of Airport Authority of India is the only airport in state of Telangana with connections to domestic and international destinations.

List
The list includes the domestic, military and non-operational airports with their respective ICAO and IATA codes.

Source: Airports Authority of India

References

T
Airports in Telangana
Airports


title: Scherenburg Castle

text:
Scherenburg Castle ( or Schloss Scherenberg) is a ruined hill castle (hillside castle) at an elevation of  which stands on a hillside above the town of Gemünden am Main in the province of Lower Franconia in the German state of Bavaria.

History
The castle was probably built before 1243 by the Counts of Rieneck, to whom the land belonged, as a toll castle to ensure collection of tolls at the river crossing of the River Main and the borders with the state of Würzburg. As a result, there were conflicts with the Bishop of Würzburg, , who built Slorburg Castle in the immediate vicinity in order to demonstrate his power. In 1243, the dispute was settled by a treaty.

In 1469, the castle finally went to Würzburg and was given the name of its Prince-Elector, Rudolph II of Scherenberg. Until 1598 it was used as the Amtskeller and was inhabited until the 18th century. A wedding took place at the castle chapel in 1732.

In the second half of the 18th century the castle began to fall into ruins. In 1825 it went into private ownership and in 1965 became the property of the town of Gemünden.

Description
Of the former castle, all that has survived is the castle gate in the southeast, part of the shield wall (once joined to the town walls in a continuous curtain wall), the round bergfried (occupied by bats and therefore no longer climbable), a gable walls of the palas, which had cellars, and a small zwinger  (now a terrace with views over the Main and Saale valleys and the Spessart hills).

Since the 1990s, the Scherenburg Festival (an open-air theatre festival) has taken place every summer in the courtyard of the ruins.

References

Literature
 Walter Schilling: Die Burgen, Schlösser und Herrensitze Unterfrankens, 1st edition. Echter Verlag, Würzburg, 2012, , pp. 330–331.
 Ursula Pfistermeister: Wehrhaftes Franken. Vol. 2: Burgen, Kirchenburgen, Stadtmauern um Würzburg. Verlag Hans Carl, Nuremberg, 2001, , pp. 41–42.

External links
 Burgruine Scherenburg at stadt-gemuenden.de
 Burgruine Scherenburg - photos at veits-arte.de
 The Scherenburg Festival

Hill castles
Ruined castles in Germany
Castles in Bavaria
Main-Spessart
Toll castles


title: Makatib AL Rasoul

text:
Makatib al-rasul is a book consisting of letters and documents attributed to Muhammad. The book was collected by The Late Ayatollah Ahmadi Miyanji.

Editor
The Late Ayatollah Ali Ahmadi Myanji was a jurist. He was born in East Azerbaijan Province in Iran. He wrote books covering religious sciences.

Subject
Makatib al-rasul includes letters addressing kings and other rulers, as well as letters about convictions during that time.

Importance
In a variety of inconsistent formats and presentations, Muhammad's writings can be found in historical and religious books. The first author to compile and edit these documents was Myanji..

Contents
Ayatollah Ahmad Miyanji divided the book into two parts. The first part contained letters read by Muhammad to Imam Ali and scribed by the latter. The second part is of those writings inviting other rulers and kings to convert to Islam. This book is in Arabic language. It has four volumes with fourteen chapters, as follows:
 Prefacing the letters by the expression "in the name God the most beneficent the most merciful"
 Explaining the words after The Expression "in the name of God"
 Evaluating the letters in terms of eloquence
 Explaining unfamiliar words and expressions
 Discussion on question "whether Prophet Muhammad was the author"
 Introducing Muslim writers
 Letters to Rulers and kings on the Invitation to Islam
 Those of letters without photos
 Those letters written in the hand of other Imams
 Letters on public invitations
 Letters to the faithful
 Convictions and treaties
 Letters on giving properties such as lands
 Miscellaneous letters

Style and Methodology
Sources include the Hadith, History and Sirah. He references every letter after introducing it. The editor also provides accompanying critiques and analysis.

Publication
This book was published for the first time in 1339 solar. Later the book has published in 4 volumes along with corrections and additions by Dar Al Hadith publications. The first three volumes of the book include the original discussions and the fourth volume encompasses the content of verses and narrations.

References

Books about Islam


The Lithuania women's national volleyball team represents Lithuania in international women's volleyball competitions and friendly matches.

History
Although volleyball was always regularly played in Lithuania, both the country's men's and women's national teams were inactive for a long period. In 2013 the Lithuania women's national volleyball team participated in the 2014 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship qualification (CEV) tournament, the first Lithuanian team international appearance after their extended absence.

References

External links
Lithuanian Volleyball Federation

Volleyball
National women's volleyball teams
Volleyball in Lithuania


title: Sophia Rosenhane

text:
Sophia Eleonora Rosenhane, as married Jennings, (29 August 1757 – 21 August 1837) was a Swedish patron and noblewoman. At the national portrait gallery at Gripsholm Castle, her portrait was featured amongst six of the most famous Swedish women in history. She became known as a financier and respected patron of the arts. After her death she was buried at the family grave in Husby-Oppunda.

Life
She was the sister of state secretary Schering Rosenhane and lived at Täckhammar in Södermanland. Täckhammar was the place closest to her childhood home Tistad Castle outside of Nyköping. During her childhood, she was the playmate of Princess Sophie Albertine of Sweden. Reportedly, she was also very well regarded by the queen, Sophia Magdalena of Denmark.

Rosenhane was married on 17 June 1802 to Marshal of the Court Johan Jakob Frans Jennings. The marriage was childless and her husband died in Stockholm in 1828. According to a contemporary description, she was known "as excellent for her educated good sense as for her noble heart", and became known as a financier and respected patron of the arts. In 1826-27, she and her spouse jointly donated a large part of the Rosenhane Library, which treated the subject of history, literature and language of Scandinavia and Sweden i particular, to the Royal Swedish Academy of Letters, History and Antiquities, Uppsala university and Strängnäs College.

In the first National Portrait Gallery (Sweden) of Gripsholm, which was opened in the 1822, her portrait was featured among six of the most famous Swedish women in history along with Bridget of Sweden, Barbro Stigsdotter, Hedvig Charlotta Nordenflycht, Sophia Elisabet Brenner and Vendela Skytte.

When Sophia Rosenhane died in 1837 her friherre name Rosenhane also died with her. She was buried at the family grave in Husby-Oppunda church.

References

1757 births
1837 deaths
Swedish nobility
18th-century Swedish people
Gustavian era people


title: Pakistan Volleyball Federation

text:
Pakistan Volleyball Federation (PVF) is the national governing body to develop and promote the sport of Volleyball in the Country. The Federation was formed in 1955 and volleyball activities at the national level were taken up in an organized manner. PVF is affiliated with the International Volleyball Federation (FIVB) and Asian Volleyball Confederation (AVC).

Achievements
In 1958, Pakistan National Volleyball team visited Iran for playing with the national team of Iran.  Pakistan Volleyball won all the matches against Iran.
In 1989, Pakistan Volleyball team obtained 4th position in the Asian Volleyball Championship held in Seoul and defeated national team of India in the 4th South Asian Federation Games held in Islamabad.
In 1994, Pakistan Junior team managed to win the seven matches series against China.
In 2007, Pakistan Volleyball Team won one silver and one Bronze medal in 2nd Asian Central Zone Volleyball Championship held in Colombo, Sri Lanka and the 2nd Commonwealth Volleyball Championship held in India respectively.
In 2008, Pakistan Junior Volleyball Team won one Bronze medal in the 14th Asian Junior Men’s Volleyball Championship held in Tehran, Iran.
In 2022, Pakistan Volleyball Team beat Iran and won Central Asian Zone Volleyball Championship held in Lahore, Pakistan.

Presently, the Pakistan Volleyball team standing positions are; 41 out of 220 in the World and 7 out of 64 in the Asia.

National teams

Men
Pakistan men's national volleyball team
Pakistan men's national under-20 volleyball team
Pakistan men's national under-18 volleyball team

Women
Pakistan women's national volleyball team
Pakistan women's national under-20 volleyball team
Pakistan women's national under-18 volleyball team

Affiliations
 International Federation of Volleyball
 Asian Volleyball Confederation
 Pakistan Sports Board
 Pakistan Olympic Association

See also
 Pakistan men's national volleyball team

References

External links
 Official Website

National members of the Asian Volleyball Confederation
Sports governing bodies in Pakistan
Volleyball in Pakistan
1955 establishments in Pakistan
Sports organizations established in 1955


title: Mormon feminism

text:
Mormon feminism is a feminist religious social movement concerned with the role of women within Mormonism. Mormon feminists commonly advocate for a more significant recognition of Heavenly Mother, the ordination of women, gender equality, and social justice grounded in Mormon theology and history. Mormon feminism advocates for more representation and presence of women as well as more leadership roles for women within the hierarchical structure of the church. It also promotes fostering healthy cultural attitudes concerning women and girls.

The modern form of the movement has roots that go back to the founding of Mormonism, including the largely independent operation of the female Relief Society, blessings by women in early church history, and the women's suffrage movement in the western United States.

History

First wave
The first wave of Mormon feminism embraced many of the ideas of liberal feminism that were a product of the Enlightenment, i.e., "the authority of individual reason, equality of the sexes, [and] rational/legal concerns such as the right to vote." In the early history of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), early feminist assertions surfaced in the 1840s with the founding of the Female Relief Society of Nauvoo, Illinois, with Emma Hale Smith as its first president. Eliza R. Snow promoted the idea of a Heavenly Mother and equal status for women. Women were first included in Mormon prayer circles on September 28, 1843. The Woman's Exponent was a periodical published from 1872 until 1914 in Salt Lake City whose purpose was to uplift and strengthen women of the LDS Church and to educate those not of the Mormon faith about the women of Mormonism. With some help from the Relief Society, the Utah Territory was at the forefront of women's suffrage; in 1870, it became one of the first states or territories in the Union to grant women the vote, though the federal government removed the franchise from women in 1887 via the Edmunds–Tucker Act. The sociologist Laura Vance has noted that Relief Society publications in the early twentieth century promoted ideas and ideals that were consistent with contemporary feminism.

Second wave

Esther Peterson, a Mormon woman who was the director of the United States Women's Bureau, proposed the idea of the Presidential Commission on the Status of Women in 1960, later signed into law in 1961.

After the consolidation of the Relief Society Magazine into the Ensign in 1970, an independent publication calling itself Exponent II was started in 1974 by several Cambridge, Massachusetts–area women, including Claudia Bushman, Laurel Thatcher Ulrich, Judy Dushku and Susan Paxman (later Booth-Forbes). The magazine focused on the experiences of Mormon women from a feminist perspective. However, in the 1970s, the LDS Church came out against the Equal Rights Amendment. The LDS Church in Utah requested that ten women from each ward attend the Utah International Women's Year in 1977 to support the church's position on the Equal Rights Amendment and other women's issues. The fourteen thousand attendees, mostly Mormon women recruited in their wards, voted on platforms before hearing their discussion and rejected all the national resolutions—even those that did not advocate a moral position opposed to that of the LDS Church. In 1978, the LDS church encouraged nine thousand female members in greater Las Vegas, Nevada, to canvass their neighborhoods with anti–Equal Rights Amendment pamphlets and encouraged all members to vote. Nevada did not ratify the amendment. Sonia Johnson fought against the church in support of the Equal Rights Amendment and was excommunicated; a December 1979 excommunication letter claimed that Johnson was charged with a variety of misdeeds, including hindering the worldwide missionary program, damaging internal Mormon social programs, and teaching false doctrine. Also in 1979, the Alice Reynolds forum was forbidden from discussing the amendment in the Alice Reynolds reading room at Brigham Young University; the club subsequently found a different place to meet.

In 1993, Maxine Hanks, Lynne Kanavel Whitesides, and Lavina Fielding Anderson spoke out for women's rights and were excommunicated from the LDS Church as a part of the "September Six". Two other prominent feminist writers, Janice Merrill Allred and her sister Margaret Toscano, were also involved in courts at the time, but not excommunicated until 1995 and 2000 respectively. To some, it seemed like Mormon feminism went underground or disappeared during the 1990s after September 1993. However, Mormon feminists were starting to use other means of communication, like listservs, to continue dialogue without the threat of ecclesiastical discipline.

Third wave

Joanna Brooks left the church in the aftermath of the September Six, but later came back and spoke out for women's rights within the LDS Church. The Feminist Mormon Housewives group blog was started during the 2004 US presidential election by Lisa Butterworth and four of her friends as a place to discuss liberal, feminist views. Caroline Kline, Jana Remy, Emily Clyde Curtis, and Deborah Farmer Kris founded The Exponent blog, an offshoot of the print publication, in January 2006. In July 2012, Hannah Wheelwright founded the Young Mormon Feminists blog. Neylan McBaine founded The Mormon Women Project in 2010 and serves as the editor. This project supports feminist views within an orthodox and believing framework.

In December 2012, a group led by Stephanie Lauritzen organized the first Wear Pants to Church Day, where women broke with cultural conventions and wore dress pants to church. This event initiated a wave of public activism by Mormon feminists. It was followed by Let Women Pray, which asked LDS Church leaders to consider letting a woman pray in General Conference. The following April, Jean A. Stevens became the first woman to pray in an LDS Church general conference session. In 2013, Kate Kelly, Lorie Winder Stromberg, and Hannah Wheelwright founded the Ordain Women organization and website to host profiles of individuals calling for the ordination of Mormon women. On June 23, 2014, Kelly's bishop informed her that she had been excommunicated in absentia. The letter states that Kelly's excommunication was due not to her personal beliefs, but her "aggressive effort to persuade other Church members to [her] point of view and that [her] course of action has threatened to erode the faith of others", including "Six Discussions" aimed at other church members.

Feminist Mormon women of color founded the blog FEMWOC in March 2015 to promote the voices and experiences of women of color within the community. It was founded by Gina Colvin, Natasha Smith, Bryndis Roberts, Kalani Tonga, and Jennifer Gonzalez.

In 2015, an official essay was published on the church's website which surveyed 171 years of statements about a Mother in Heaven and confirmed that it was part of church doctrine. An accompanying essay stated that while neither Joseph Smith nor any other church leader ordained women to the priesthood, women do exercise priesthood authority without ordination.

In 2017, the church announced that its female employees could wear "professional pantsuits and dress slacks" while at work; dresses and skirts had previously been required. It also announced at the same time that women who gave birth while working for the church would receive six weeks of paid maternity leave, and that all new parents regardless of sex would also be given a week of paid leave "to bond with their new child(ren) from birth or adoption."

In 2018, the church declared that their female missionaries could wear dress slacks if they wanted, except when attending the temple and during Sunday worship services, baptismal services, and mission leadership and zone conferences.

In the temple endowment, women were previously urged to be a priestess "unto her husband," while men were promised they will be priests to God. In January 2019, that was removed from the endowment process, in accordance with other changes that included more lines for Eve in their ritual performance of the Book of Genesis. Also in 2019, a letter from the church's First Presidency stated that "Veiling an endowed woman's face prior to burial is optional." It had previously been required. The letter went on to say that such veiling, "may be done if the sister expressed such a desire while she was living. In cases where the wishes of the deceased sister on this matter are not known, her family should be consulted." That same year veiling of women during part of the temple endowment ceremony was discontinued.

Notable Mormon feminists

See also

Civil rights and Mormonism
Mormonism and women

References

Footnotes

Bibliography

Further reading

External links
The Exponent II
Bibliography of Mormon Women
Feminist Mormon Housewives blog
FEMWOC blog
Mormon Feminists
Young Mormon Feminists

Mormon
Feminism


title: McCormick station

text:
McCormick station, also known as the Charleston & Western Carolina Railway Depot, is a historic train station located at McCormick in McCormick County, South Carolina.  It was built about 1911 by the Charleston and Western Carolina Railway.  It is a one-story, rectangular frame building with a gable roof, wide eaves supported by brackets, and shiplap siding.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

References

Railway stations on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Railway stations in the United States opened in 1911
National Register of Historic Places in McCormick County, South Carolina
Former Atlantic Coast Line Railroad stations
Former railway stations in South Carolina


title: The County Chairman

text:
The County Chairman may refer to:

 The County Chairman (1935 film), a 1935 comedy film
 The County Chairman (1914 film), a lost 1914 silent film drama
 The County Chairman (play), a 1903 comedy play by George Ade


title: McCormick County Courthouse

text:
McCormick County Courthouse is a historic courthouse building located at McCormick in McCormick County, South Carolina.  It was designed by architect G. Lloyd Preacher and built in 1923.  It is a two-story, Classical Revival style brick building.  It features a large two-story portico with Doric order columns and pilasters.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

References

County courthouses in South Carolina
Courthouses on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Government buildings completed in 1923
Buildings and structures in McCormick County, South Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in McCormick County, South Carolina


title: Pakistan Badminton Federation

text:
The Pakistan Badminton Federation (PBF) is the governing body for the sport of badminton in Pakistan. It was formed in 1953 to promote badminton in country. Nawab Iftikhar Mamdot became the first President and Sultan F. Hussain was the first Secretary General of the Federation.

In April 2011, the Badminton World Federation barred the PBF from participating in its international events due to the existence of two factions within the governing body. BWF was also "concerned about the PBF’s involvement in human trafficking and bogus entries in international events." In 2014, BWF lifted a ban from PBF, and in June 2014, PBF elected the new national badminton body.

Wajid Ali Chaudry is the current President, while Raja Azhar Mahmood is the current secretary of the PBF. The election was held on 4th December 2021 at Olympic House, Hameed Nizami Road, Lahore.

Affiliations
The PBF is affiliated with:
Badminton World Federation
Badminton Asia Confederation
 Pakistan Sports Board
 Pakistan Olympic Association

Tournaments
 Pakistan International
 Pakistan National Badminton Championships
 Pakistan Junior National Badminton Championships

External links
 Official Website

References

National members of the Badminton World Federation
Sports governing bodies in Pakistan
Badminton in Pakistan
Sports organizations established in 1953
1953 establishments in Pakistan


title: Downtown Chevron Station

text:
The Downtown Chevron Station was a historic service station in Huntsville, Alabama.  Built in 1919, it was one of the first buildings in the city tailored to the automobile.  The center section of the station was built of brick in a style similar to other commercial and residential buildings in the area.  The windows were large panes topped with three vertical panes (a style commonly seen on bungalows), and the main entrance had a similar transom.  The hipped roof extended from the building towards the corner of Clinton Avenue and Greene Street, providing cover for the pumps.  Flat-roofed service bays with multi-pane sash windows were added along the Clinton Avenue side in 1929 and 1938.  The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.  It has been demolished since its listing, and a modern office building is on the site.

References

National Register of Historic Places in Huntsville, Alabama
Gas stations on the National Register of Historic Places in Alabama
Commercial buildings completed in 1919
Buildings and structures in Huntsville, Alabama
Chevron Corporation
Transportation buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places in Alabama


title: Burning Sun (EP)

text:
Burning Sun is the third EP by German power metal band Helloween. It also contains the song of the same name, taken from the album Straight Out of Hell. It was only released in Japan. A Hammond version of the title track dedicated to Jon Lord was included on the limited and Japanese editions of Straight Out of Hell as a bonus track.

Track listing

Personnel

 Andi Deris – vocals
 Michael Weikath – lead and rhythm guitars, backing vocals
 Sascha Gerstner – lead and rhythm guitars, backing vocals
 Markus Grosskopf – bass, backing vocals
 Daniel Löble – drums

Credits
 Produced by Charlie Bauerfeind
 Recorded & mixed at Mi Sueño Studio in Tenerife, SPA
 Engineered & mixed by Charlie Bauerfeind for S.C. & Services
 Artwork by Thomas Ewerhard

Charts

References

2012 EPs
Helloween albums


title: Dorn Gold Mine

text:
Dorn Gold Mine is a historic gold mine site located near McCormick in McCormick County, South Carolina.  The mine was struck in 1852, and exhausted in the late 1850s. It was operated by William Dorn, who excavated nearly $1,000,000 in gold during this period.  In 1869, the mine was sold to inventor Cyrus McCormick. In 1882, McCormick ended his futile search for gold and began selling his land which would become the town of McCormick.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

References

Buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Buildings and structures completed in 1852
Buildings and structures in McCormick County, South Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in McCormick County, South Carolina
1852 establishments in South Carolina


title: Danny Owens

text:
Daniel "Danny" Owens is an Irish retired hurler who played as a midfielder for the Offaly senior team.

Born in Killoughey, County Offaly, Owens first played competitive hurling in his youth. He made his senior debut with Offaly during the 1980-81 National League and immediately became a regular member of the team. During his career Owens won two All-Ireland medals, five Leinster medals and one National Hurling League medal.

At club level Owens played with Kilcormac–Killoughey.

Throughout his career Owens made 25 championship appearances. His retirement came following the conclusion of the 1992 championship.

In retirement from playing Owens became involved in team management and coaching. He is the current manager of Kilcormac–Killoughey and has guided the team to one Leinster and three championship titles.

Honours

Player

Offaly
All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship (2): 1981, 1985
Leinster Senior Hurling Championship (5): 1981, 1985, 1988, 1989, 1990
National Hurling League (1): 1990-91

Manager

Kilcormac–Killoughey
Leinster Senior Club Hurling Championship (1): 2012
Offaly Senior Club Hurling Championship (2): 2012, 2013, 2014

References

Living people
Kilcormac-Killoughey hurlers
Offaly inter-county hurlers
Hurling managers
All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship winners
Year of birth missing (living people)


title: Fingerpost, Worcestershire

text:
Fingerpost is a hamlet and road junction in north Worcestershire, England, approximately  west of Bewdley.

It is located at the junction of the A456 and A4117 roads, on the edge of the Wyre Forest and is named for a notable fingerpost that once existed at this historic junction.

Fingerpost is in the civil parish of Rock and the Wyre Forest District. The parish council erected a large commemorative stone near the Fingerpost junction for the Diamond Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II.

Further along the A4117 is Far Forest, beyond which is Shropshire.

See also

References

Hamlets in Worcestershire
Transport in Worcestershire


title: Daniel Audiel López Martínez

text:
Daniel Audiel López Martínez (born 1974) is a Mexican serial killer. Initially serving 8 years for a 1998 murder in Chiapas, he then moved to Ciudad Juárez, where he killed seven people from 2006 to 2010. For his latter crimes, he was sentenced to life imprisonment.

Crimes
In December 1998, López committed his first murder, in which he killed José "El Pecas" Pérez in Chiapas, after the latter had had an affair with his wife. He was sentenced to 8 years imprisonment for this crime, and after his release in 2006, he moved to Ciudad Juárez. There, he began working as a drug dealer for La Línea, an enforcer unit for the Juárez Cartel, doing his business at a local bar called the Salón Sinaloa.

At the time, he was in a relationship with a 42-year-old woman named María Esther Aguirre Marín. López eventually convinced himself that she was being unfaithful towards him, and in November 2006, he shot her to death with a .22 caliber pistol at his home in Colonia San Felipe. In 2008, he committed a similar crime against his new girlfriend, 27-year-old Dolores Rodríguez López, whom he stabbed three times in the abdomen. In 2010, he stabbed to death yet another girlfriend, 30-year-old Teresa Carballo Flores. In all of these murders, López had convinced himself that they had been cheating on him.

Also in 2010, he would shoot dead two men, identified only as "José and Misael". The motivation for these murders is unclear, but it has been speculated that López believed they were romantic partners of his girlfriends or possibly due to drug-related conflicts. On April 3, 2010, López broke into the Colonia Anapra home of 34-year-old Carmen Ivonne Caballero González, shooting down both her and her 6-year-old daughter, whose bodies he later dumped in the outskirts of town. Caballero, a sister of his newest girlfriend, had been opposed to their relationship, which led to López's fatal retaliation.

Arrest, confessions and convictions
On November 24, 2010, an arrest warrant was issued against López for the murder of Carmen Caballero. Upon learning of this, he fled to his hometown of Villa Corzo, where he would later be arrested in January 2011. He was extradited back to Ciudad Juárez, and during the interrogations, he surprised investigators by confessing not only to Caballero's killing, but to the six others he had committed in the last two years. Despite loopholes in the state's justice system, which proclaimed that a suspect couldn't be prosecuted for a crime based only a confession, López would eventually be found guilty and sentenced to life imprisonment.

See also
 Female homicides in Ciudad Juárez
 List of serial killers by country

References

1974 births
20th-century Mexican criminals
21st-century Mexican criminals
Living people
Male criminals
Mexican murderers of children
Mexican people convicted of murder
Mexican prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment
Mexican serial killers
People from Chiapas
People convicted of murder by Mexico
Prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment by Mexico
Violence against women in Mexico


title: 1961–62 Northern Football League

text:
The 1961–62 Northern Football League season was the 65th in the history of Northern Football League, a football competition in England.

Clubs

Division One featured 16 clubs which competed in the league last season, no new clubs joined the league this season.

League table

References

Northern Football League seasons
1961–62 in English football leagues


title: Splügen Castle

text:
The ruins of the former Splügen Castle () lie east of the village of Splügen in the Rheinwald forest in the  Swiss canton of Graubünden. It is the only castle in the valley.

Location
The ruins lie just under one kilometre east of the village on a small hill below the former valley road that ran from the Via Mala over the Splügen and San Bernardino Passes. It is an easy ten-minute walk from the village along a lane. It is not possible to drive to the castle.

Description

The ruins of a fortified, double-winged palas and an enceinte (Bering) are visible on the northern side by the old road. Three of the walls, which are well over a metre thick, have survived; the east wall facing the valley has collapsed. The quoins have a clear border (Kantenschlag). One additional wall divides the site into an eastern and western half.

The elevated entrance with its Gothic archway, with jambs made of tuff, lies at about four metres above the ground on the northern side and leads to the first floor. Putlog holes on the exterior show where the staircase access was. The doors turned in a carefully hewn out stone ring and could be locked with a bar.

In the lower two storeys were cellars and storerooms that were only lit by narrow window slits. In the western area of the third floor were the living quarters, as can be seen from the remains of weathered windows with their niches for seating and from the fireplace. An exit leads out to a small balcony or garderobe. Nothing is known about the shape of the roof. The kitchen was in the eastern, less well lit area.

The northern curtain wall is filled with rubble. It is possible that stables and outbuildings stood here. There was probably an external portal in the, now collapsed, eastern wall.

In the area of the old road there are traces of a barrier wall called a Letzi guarding the valley further upstream.

History

The architectural form of Splügen Castle, with its door and window shapes and doorjambs made of tuff, match well to the second half of the 13th century; and it may have been built around 1275. In that period the valley in the Rheinwald was part of the territory of the County of Schams which, as a fief of the Prince-Bishopric of Chur, was given to the barons of Vaz and, later, the counts of Werdenberg. The barons of Sax-Misox tried to manage their territory of Misox over the San Bernardino by settling Walsers there. In 1274 they wrote out a letter (Schirmbrief) in Mesocco to a group of Walsers.

The appearance of Walsers on the border of their territory must have alarmed the barons of Vaz, however they sought to extend their rule into the sparsely populated valleys. In 1277 the Walsers came under the protection of the Vaz family. This suggests that Splügen Castle, together with the Letzi, had been built around 1275 by the Freiherren of Vaz in order to put a stop to the advances of the Misox clan. The Walsers clearly felt safer under the lordship of the House of Vaz than under the ords of Sax-Misox on the far side of the pass.

Having headed off the incursions of the House of Misox and the expansion of the Walser colony, the castle of Splügen lost its strategic significance. The source material also indicates a short period of use. As early as 1308 a purchase deed simply describes it as a castle site (a Burgstall) and a farmstead: "an das Burggstal mit siner gewohnliche hoffraiti".

So by the early 14th century the castle was clearly already in ruins. In 1462 Jörg of Werdenberg paid the Amman of Rheinwald a rent for the estate by the castle ("ab dem guot by der Burg"), which referred to the old castle of Splügen. Whether the castle was still standing at the time is not known.

When the Rheinwald was sold by Jörg of Werdenberg in 1493 to the Milanese army commander, Gian Giacomo Trivulzio, Lord of Sax-Misox, the castle of Splügen was no longer mentioned.

See also
 List of castles in Switzerland

Literature
 Fritz Hauswirth: Burgen und Schlösser in der Schweiz. Vol. 8. Neptun, Kreuzlingen, 1972.
 Otto P. Clavedetscher, Werner Meyer: Das Burgenbuch von Graubünden. Zürich/Schwäbisch Hall, 1984.
 Werner Meyer: Burgen der Schweiz. Band 3. Silva, Zürich, 1983.

External links

Castles in Graubünden
Cultural property of regional significance in Switzerland
Grisons


title: Indian Institute of Soil Science

text:
The Indian Institute of Soil Science (acronym IISS) is an autonomous institute for higher learning, established under the umbrella of Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) by the Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India for advanced research in the field of soil sciences.

Profile

The Indian Institute of Soil Science (IISS) was established in 1988, as an Indian Council of Agricultural Research subsidiary at the lake city of Bhopal, in Madhya Pradesh, India with an aim to promote scientific research on soil sciences. The Institute covers All India Coordinated Research Project (AICRP) on Soil Test Crop Response Studies at 17 centres, All India Coordinated Research Project (AICRP) on Micronutrients and All India Network Project on Biofertilizers at 11 centres each in India.

IISS provides training and research facilities on subjects such as Soil testing, Techniques for improving nutrient and water efficiency, Carbon sequestration and Soil quality assessment.

The Institute is equipped with facilities such as air conditioned conference hall, committee room, lecture theatres, audio-visual aids, laboratory facilities, library and guest house of international standards and maintains a research farm extending to 50 hectares.

Mandate
The Institute is mandated to Provide Scientific Basis for Enhancing and Sustaining Productivity of Soil Resource with Minimal Environmental Degradation and the primary objectives are set as:

 Conduct of basic and advanced research on soil with regard to its physical, chemical and biological processes for efficient management of nutrients, water and energy.
 Identification of efficient and environment friendly soil management technologies.
 Assisting other research organizations in India on agriculture, forestry, fishery and environmental researches.
 Information exchange through various modes of information dissemination and collaboration with State Agricultural Universities and National and International Research Organizations.
 Development of database on soil science.

Divisions
The Institute has been divided into six divisions, each taking care of an independent area of activity.

Soil Physics
Soil physics division oversees the research activities with regard to enhancement and sustaining of soil quality and productivity.

Soil Chemistry and Fertility
SCF division researches nutrient and nutrient supply in soils, and ways to improve its efficiency.

Soil Biology
The Soil Botany division researches ways to maintain soil biodiversity in agroecosystem.

Environmental Soil Science
The division maintains a database of the effect of soil pollution due to overuse of chemicals and tracks major environmental issues related to organic farming.

Statistics and Computer Application Section
The research activities of the division is focused on managing nutrient and water levels by applying statistics and computer applications.

Agricultural Knowledge Management Unit (AKMU)
IISS hosts an Agricultural Knowledge Management Unit (AKMU) to provide communication facilities to the scientists and the institute, in general. A 75 node LAN and an own email server are in place, operated with the assistance of institute owned VSAT. The web site of the institute is also maintained by the AKMU.

Facilities

Library, Information and Documentation services
The Institute maintains a library which stocks 1805 books, 1281 Bound Journals, 661 Annual Reports, 28 Foreign Journals, and 43 Indian  Journals. It provides document lending, reference and reprographic Services and has AGRIS database of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.

Training and Referral Soil Testing Laboratory
TRSL laboratory assist the scientists to explore novel methods for soil and plant analysis and is equipped with soil and plant analysis equipment.

The other facilities include two screen houses for the conduct of pot experiments, conference hall and conference room fitted with audio visual equipment, training hostel, staff recreation club and indoor and outdoor games facilities.

Research Projects
IISS undertakes research projects under All India Coordinator Research Projects (AICRP), some of which are:

Long-Term Fertilizer Experiments (LTFE) Project: Project on the impact of chemical fertilizer on productivity and soil quality. The project was inaugurated in 1970 and is carried out at 11 centres. The project is now known as Long-term fertilizer experiments to study changes in soil quality, crop productivity and sustainability after its mandate was expanded.

Soil Test Crop Response (STCR) Project : The beginning of the project was in 1967 and 13 centres are participating in the project.

PCM Project: The purpose of the project was to study the effects of micronutrient efficiency on various crop varieties and was started in 1967, with active participation from Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. Eleven centres are participating in the project.

AINPB Project: The mandate of the project is set as:
 To exploit the soil biodiversity in various agro-ecologies for biofertilizer applications in diverse cropping systems.
 To study the impact of soil management practices on functional diversity of microorganisms involved in key microbial functions and soil health using genomic tools.
 Formulation and testing of mixed biofertilizers in diverse cropping systems.
 To improve biofertilizer technology with particular reference to quality, carriers, consortia and delivery systems.
 To diversify biofertilizer research and application in drylands, mountainous regions, tribal areas and other underexplored ecosystems.
 Research-Adoption-Impact continuum analysis of Biofertilizer usage

Publications

IISS has published many more books and research papers.

See also

 Agriculture
 Agroecological restoration
 Agroecosystem
 Agroecosystem analysis
 Agronomy
 Agrophysics
 Biodynamic agriculture
 Dynamic equilibrium
 Ecology
 Integrated Pest Management
 Organic agriculture
 Rural Sociology
 Soil Science

References

External links
 on Wikimapia
 Profile as a handout
 Reference on Academia Edu
 Reference on ASTI
 Exchange visit

Agroecology
Agricultural research institutes in India
Soil science in India
Research institutes in Madhya Pradesh
Research institutes established in 1988
1988 establishments in Madhya Pradesh


title: Fountain of the Spinacorona

text:
The Fountain of the Spinacorona, (), vulgarly known as the Fontana delle Zizze (Fountain of the Breasts), is an ancient fountain in central Naples, located against a wall of the church of Santa Caterina della Spina Corona.

History
There was likely a fountain at the site well before the 15th century, but documents attest to its reconstruction in 1498  It was rebuilt in the mid-16th century in the present shape by commission of the viceroy Don Pedro Álvarez de Toledo using designs by Giovanni da Nola. The fountain has the heraldic symbol of Charles I, Holy Roman Emperor.

The subject is the depiction of the siren Parthenope (icon of Naples) who douses, with water emerging from her breasts, the flames of the volcano of Vesuvius.  It is unclear why a violin is carved on the slopes of the volcano. The phrase: Dum Vesevi Syrena Incendia Mulcet (While the Mermaid softens the fire of Vesuvius) is carved into the marble. The fountain seen today is a copy by Achille D’Orsi: the original has been housed in the Museo di San Martino since the 1920s.

References

Spinacorona, Naples
1498 in art
Nude sculptures in Italy
Musical instruments in art


title: Frank Holder (artist)

text:
Frank Holder is an American artist, sculptor, and choreographer currently living and working in Greensboro, North Carolina.

Education and early career

Frank Holder received his BFA in dance from Stephens College, and then earned his MFA in dance from the University of North Carolina at Greensboro in 1973. He founded the Greensboro-based Frank Holder Dance Company in 1973, and served as its artistic director and choreographer for 12 years. Back then, he described the company as the "only major modern-dance company in the South". Holder also choreographed work for the Ballet Isleno de Folklorico of Puerto Rico and the Madison University Dance Company, and was a solo performer for the Rod Rogers Dance Company in New York. He was part of Lincoln Center's Artist in Education program for the visual arts in 1978 and taught dance and video art at the North Carolina Governor's School in Laurinburg.

Sculptural work

In 1995, Frank Holder transitioned his artistic focus from dance to sculpture. Holder's experience as a dancer and choreographer has influenced his sculpture, which tends to have a flowing, organic quality. With dancing, Holder said, "I was always shaping two or three bodies through movement. That's sculpture in itself. There's a sense of motion there." Holder's works are dynamic, abstract sculptures with natural influences. His early sculptures were mostly in metal, including bronze, steel, aluminum, cooper, and brass. More recent works have incorporated natural elements such as stone, wood, wind, and water. Frank Holder showcased his work in both solo and group exhibitions.

Awards and honors

Frank Holder has received a number of awards for his work from 1996 to 2014, some of these are:
 2009 Merit Award, 21st Annual Sculpture in the Garden Exhibition, North Carolina Botanical Gardens, Chapel Hill,
 2008 Selected to create a signature sculpture for the Mental Health Association of Greensboro
 2005 Winner, North Carolina Outdoor Sculpture Exhibition
 2002 Finalist, 2nd Annual Florida Outdoor Sculpture Exhibition, Polk Museum of Art, Lakeland, FL

Public collections

Holder's work has been featured in a number of public collections, these include:
 Center for Creative Leadership, Greensboro NC
 City of Lakeland, FL
 North Carolina Botanical Garden at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
 University of North Carolina at Asheville
 Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, North Carolina

Selected solo exhibitions

Holder also held solo exhibitions that include:
 2011/2012 Artsource Fine Arts, Raleigh NC
 2010 Park One Building, Winston-Salem, NC. Sponsored by Asolare Fine Arts

Selected group exhibitions

Frank Holder also participated in over 50 other Small-Group and Group Exhibitions from 1996 to 2012.
Selected examples include:

 2010/2011/2012 Sculpture in the Garden North Carolina Botanical Garden, Chapel Hill
 2000 Alchemy: A Five-Person Show, Greensboro Artists League, Greensboro, NC
 Florida Outdoor Sculpture Competition, Lakeland
 Somerhill Gallery, Durham, NC
 TriState Sculpture Show, Greensboro Arboretum
 Willow Walk Sculpture Show, Burlington NC
 Waterworks Visual Art Center, Salisbury NC
 World Plant Conference, NC Arboretum

References

American artists

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people


title: John R. Hall (author)

text:
John R. Hall Ed.D. (born John Robert Hall III March 5, 1975) is an American author and co-founder of Greenwood & Hall. Hall also serves as a trustee for Chicago, Illinois based Roosevelt University and was appointed to the California Interagency Coordinating Council by Governor Jerry Brown in April 2014.

Education

Hall earned a Bachelor of Arts in Political Science in 1997, as well as a Master in Business Administration in 2002, from Pepperdine University. He also earned a Doctorate of Education from the University of Southern California in 2012.

References

Sources

Am I Still Autistic?: How a Low-Functioning, Slightly Retarded Toddler Became the CEO of a Multi-Million Dollar Corporation, Dr. John R. Hall. Opportunities In Education, LLC., Santa Monica. 2011
TEDx Manhattan Beach: Journey To Purpose, 13 October 2012

External links

1975 births
American male writers
American technology chief executives
Living people
People on the autism spectrum
American writers with disabilities
Pepperdine University alumni
USC Rossier School of Education alumni


title: The Dawn of a Tomorrow

text:
The Dawn of a Tomorrow may refer to:

 The Dawn of a Tomorrow (1924 film), a 1924 silent film drama
 The Dawn of a Tomorrow (1915 film), a 1915 silent film
 The Dawn of a Tomorrow, a novel by Frances Hodgson Burnett
 The Dawn of a Tomorrow, a 1909 play starring Eleanor Robson Belmont


title: Banvit

text:
Banvit is a feed and poultry producer based in Bandırma, Turkey.

Business and activities
Starting as a feed producer in 1968, Banvit gradually moved into the production of broiler chickens. Today, Banvit has the country's largest single broiler facility, able to process 16,000 birds per hour and 75 million per year. The company also has a facility in Romania, a poultry product factory in Bandırma, and the Tadpi turkey product facility in İzmir
Distribution is managed through sales offices throughout Turkey and a fleet of refrigerated trucks.

Sponsorship
Banvit sponsored the basketball club Bandırma B.İ.K. for 25 years (1994–2019), as the club was known as Banvit B.K.

See also
List of companies of Turkey

References

Companies listed on the Istanbul Stock Exchange


title: Penicillium argentinense

text:
Penicillium argentinense is a fungus species of the genus of Penicillium.

See also
List of Penicillium species

References

argentinense
Fungi described in 2011


title: Onboardly

text:
Onboardly is a digital marketing service that offers public relations and content marketing services to startup companies. .Onboardly is owned and operated under DropDesk, a technology platform that helps business professionals find affordable workspace.

History
Onboardly was originally founded in July 2012 by Renée Warren and Heather Carson. Before Onboardly, Warren was the CEO and co-founder of another digital marketing agency, Carson ran her own PR consultancy. Warren and Carson came together to establish Onboardly as a PR and marketing agency for small, and medium-sized companies, along with startups.

As of May 2020, Onboardly now operates under DropDesk's marketing subsidiary providing startups and real-estate alike with top tier public relations, content marketing, social media, and influencer marketing through the initial launch phase, initial customer acquisition phase or during high growth phases. The company is based on Long Island, the United States, and other parts of the world.

References

External links

Coworking space providers
Marketing companies


title: Bad Kissingen (electoral district)

text:
Bad Kissingen is an electoral constituency (German: Wahlkreis) represented in the Bundestag. It elects one member via first-past-the-post voting. Under the current constituency numbering system, it is designated as constituency 248. It is located in northwestern Bavaria, comprising the districts of Bad Kissingen, Haßberge, and Rhön-Grabfeld.

Bad Kissingen was created for the inaugural 1949 federal election. Since 2009, it has been represented by Dorothee Bär of the Christian Social Union (CSU).

Geography
Bad Kissingen is located in northwestern Bavaria. As of the 2021 federal election, it comprises the districts of Bad Kissingen, Haßberge, and Rhön-Grabfeld.

History
Bad Kissingen was created in 1949. In the 1949 election, it was Bavaria constituency 37 in the numbering system. In the 1953 through 1961 elections, it was number 232. In the 1965 through 1998 elections, it was number 234. In the 2002 and 2005 elections, it was number 249. Since the 2009 election, it has been number 248.

Originally, the constituency comprised the independent city of Bad Kissingen and the districts of Landkreis Bad Kissingen, Ebern, Haßfurt, Hofheim, Königshofen, and Mellrichstadt. In the 1965 through 1972 elections, it also contained the district of Bad Neustadt an der Saale. It acquired its current borders in the 1976 election.

Members
Like most constituencies in rural Bavaria, it is an CSU safe seat, the party holding the seat continuously since its creation. It was first represented by Gustav Fuchs from 1949 to 1961, followed by Alex Hösl from 1961 to 1980. Eduard Lintner was representative from 1980 to 2009, a total of eight consecutive terms. Dorothee Bär was elected in 2009, and re-elected in 2013, 2017, and 2021.

Election results

2021 election

2017 election

2013 election

2009 election

References

Federal electoral districts in Bavaria
1949 establishments in West Germany
Constituencies established in 1949
Bad Kissingen (district)
Haßberge (district)
Rhön-Grabfeld


title: Brendan Keeshan

text:
Brendan Keeshan (22 July 1957) is an Irish retired hurler who played as a right wing-back for the Offaly senior team.

Born in Shinrone, County Offaly, Keeshan first played competitive hurling in his youth. He made his senior debut with Offaly during the 1976-77 National League and immediately became a regular member of the team. During his career Keeshan won two All-Ireland medals and three Leinster medals.

Keeshan was a member of the Leinster inter-provincial team on a number of occasions, however, he never won a Railway Cup medal. At club level he played with Shinrone.

His retirement came following the conclusion of the 1988 championship.

Honours

Team

Offaly
All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship (2): 1981, 1985
Leinster Senior Hurling Championship (5): 1980, 1984, 1988

References

1957 births
Living people
Offaly inter-county hurlers
Leinster inter-provincial hurlers
All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship winners
Shinrone hurlers


title: Arrangement (space partition)

text:
In discrete geometry, an arrangement is the decomposition of the d-dimensional linear, affine, or projective space into connected cells of different dimensions, induced by a finite collection of geometric objects, which are usually of dimension one less than the dimension of the space, and often of the same type as each other, such as hyperplanes or spheres.

Definition
For a set  of objects in , the cells in the arrangement
are the connected components of sets of the form

for subsets  of . That is, for each  the cells are the connected components of the points that belong to every object in  and do not belong to any other object. For instance the cells of an arrangement of lines in the Euclidean plane are of three types:
Isolated points, for which  is the subset of all lines that pass through the point.
Line segments or rays, for which  is a singleton set of one line. The segment or ray is a connected component of the points that belong only to that line and not to any other line of
Convex polygons (possibly unbounded), for which  is the empty set, and its intersection (the empty intersection) is the whole space. These polygons are the connected components of the subset of the plane formed by removing all the lines in .

Types of arrangement
Of particular interest are the arrangements of lines and arrangements of hyperplanes.

More generally, geometers have studied arrangements of other types of curves in the plane, and of other more complicated types of surface. Arrangements in complex vector spaces have also been studied; since complex lines do not partition the complex plane into multiple connected components, the combinatorics of vertices, edges, and cells does not apply to these types of space, but it is still of interest to study their symmetries and topological properties.

Applications
An interest in the study of arrangements was driven by advances in computational geometry, where the arrangements were unifying structures for many problems. Advances in study of more complicated objects, such as algebraic surfaces, contributed to "real-world" applications, such as motion planning and computer vision.

References

Computational geometry
Discrete geometry


title: Arrangement (disambiguation)

text:
In music, an arrangement is a  reconceptualization of a previously composed work.

Arrangement may also refer to:

Mathematics
Arrangement (space partition), a partition of the space by a set of objects of a certain type
Arrangement of hyperplanes
Arrangement of lines
Vertex arrangement, in geometry
Arrangement as a permutation or partial permutation in combinatorics

Social arrangements
Marriage arrangement
Sugar baby, a person who receives material benefits in exchange for company

Other uses
Flower arrangement
Korean flower arrangement
Ikebana, Japanese flower arrangement
Sentence arrangement, the location of ideas and the placement of emphasis within a sentence
Arrangements (album), a 2022 album by Preoccupations
Sorting, any process of arranging items systematically

See also
Arraignment, part of the criminal law process in various jurisdictions
The Arrangement (disambiguation)


title: Men's 4 × 200 metres relay world record progression

text:
The following table shows the world record progression in the men's 4 × 200 metres relay in athletics.

References

4x100, men
4 × 200 metres relay


title: Paul Page (American football)

text:
Paul Eugene Page (September 16, 1927 – February 15, 1997) was an American football halfback and defensive back who played for the All-America Football Conference's (AAFC) Baltimore Colts during the 1949 season.

After attending Eldorado High School in Eldorado, Texas, Page played college football at Southern Methodist University from 1945 to 1948, and was a member of the team that reached the Cotton Bowl in 1948. After his college career, Page was selected by teams in multiple leagues. In the 1949 National Football League Draft, the New York Giants chose him with the fourth overall pick. The AAFC's Colts selected Page with the 81st pick in the 1949 AAFC Draft, in the 11th round. Page opted to play in the AAFC, and spent one season with the Colts. In 25 rushing attempts, he gained 81 yards, and he caught four passes for 62 yards.

References

1927 births
1997 deaths
American football defensive backs
American football halfbacks
Baltimore Colts (1947–1950) players
People from Eldorado, Texas
Players of American football from Texas
SMU Mustangs football players


title: The Double Event

text:
The Double Event may refer to:

 The Double Event (1911 film), a 1911 Australian film
 The Double Event (1921 film), a 1921 British film
 The Double Event (1934 film), a 1934 British film


title: Pasaport Ferry Terminal

text:
Pasaport Ferry Terminal () is a passenger ferry terminal in Konak, İzmir on the Gulf of İzmir. It is located at the northern end of the historic Pasaport Quay on the southwestern side of Cumhuriyet Square. İzdeniz operates commuter ferry service to other terminals around the city. Pasaport was originally built in 1884, as an add-on to the Pasaport Harbor which was constructed between 1867 and 1884.

Pasaport Terminal is the halfway point between Alsancak and Konak Terminals.

History

The ferry terminal building was constructed as part of the Port of Smyrna along with the quay and the breakwater by the French company Guiffray after projects of British engineers between 1867 and 1886. It was used as a checkpoint for international sea traffic. It took its name from its function as passport control site. A historic postcard featuring the building names it as the "Débarcadère et Bureau de Passeports" (Wharf and Passport Office).

The 1884-established passenger ferry line company, the "Gulf of Smyrna Ottoman Ferries Hamidiyye Inc.", operated Pasaport Ferry Terminal in the past connecting it with the ferry terminals Karşıyaka, Alaybey, Osmanzade, Turan, Bayraklı, Konak, Karataş, Salhane and Göztepe with a flotilla of eight passenger ferry boats. The company's head office was also in the building.

In 1922, the Great Fire of Smyrna, which began four days after the Turkish troops recaptured the city on September 9 that ended the Greco-Turkish War (1919–22), destroyed the building along with much of the port city. The building remained a ruin for some years.

Redesigned in inspiration of Seljuk-Ottoman architectural style of the First National Architectural Movement, it was rebuilt in the office time of Kâzım Dirik, who was appointed governor of the city in 1926.

In 1948, the building became headquarters of the Customs Guard Command. From 1957 on, it hosted the Customs Guard Directorate following the reorganization of the Customs Administration.

In 1970, the nearby police station of Kantar moved next to the building.

Present usage

To meet the requirements of the growing passenger traffic, the ferry terminal was renovated and modernized by the Metropolitan Municipality of İzmir. It was put in service again on December 15, 2003 after its closure due to works between May and November of the same year.

Operated by the local passenger ferry line İzdeniz, the terminal is connected with terminals along with Konak and Alsancak terminals Üçkuyular, Göztepe , Bayraklı, Bostanlı and Karşıyaka. With a total of 75 departures per day (35 to Alsancak-Karşıyaka, 28 to Alsancak-Bostanlı, 10 to Konak-Göztepe-Üçkuyular and 2 to Bayraklı), Pasaport Terminal is a busy one in İzmir.

Connections
ESHOT operates city bus service on Cumhuriyet Boulevard.

References

External links

Images at wooturkey

Transport in İzmir
Buildings and structures in İzmir
Ferry terminals in Turkey
First Turkish National architecture
Buildings and structures of the Ottoman Empire
Piers in Turkey
Gulf of İzmir