title: Robo-advisor

text:
Robo-advisors or robo-advisers are a class of financial adviser that provide financial advice and investment management online with moderate to minimal human intervention. They provide digital financial advice based on mathematical rules or algorithms. These algorithms are designed by financial advisors, investment managers and data scientists, and coded in software by programmers. These algorithms are executed by software and do not require a human advisor to impart financial advice to a client. The software utilizes its algorithms to automatically allocate, manage and optimize clients' assets for either short-run or long-run investment. Robo-advisors are categorized based on the extent of personalization, discretion, involvement, and human interaction.

There are over 100 robo-advisory services. Investment management robo-advice is considered a breakthrough in formerly exclusive wealth management services, bringing services to a broader audience at a lower cost than traditional human advice. Robo-advisors collect financial situation information from the client to determine risk tolerance. Then, robo-advisors allocate a client's assets on the basis of risk preferences and desired target return. While robo-advisors have the capability of allocating client assets in many investment products such as stocks, bonds, futures, commodities, and real estate, the advice is often directed towards exchange-traded funds. Clients can choose between offerings with passive asset allocation techniques or active asset management styles.

History
The first robo-advisor Betterment was launched in 2010 by Jon Stein, a 30-year-old entrepreneur. Thereafter, robo-advisors increased in popularity. The first robo-advisers were used as online interfaces by financial managers to manage and balance clients' assets. Robo-adviser technology was not new to this field, as this kind of software has been in use by financial advisers and managers since the early 2000s. But they were made publicly available in 2008 for the first time to the general public who were in dire need of managing their assets personally. By the end of 2015, robo-advisers from almost 100 companies around the globe were managing $60 billion in assets of clients. In June 2016, robo-advisor Wealthfront announced a partnership with the Nevada State Treasurer to offer a 529 plan for college savings.

In 2015, Hong Kong based 8 Securities launched one of Asia's first robo-advisors in Japan, followed there in 2016 by Money Design, Co., under the brand name THEO, and WealthNavi. In 2017, Singapore based StashAway received a capital markets services license from the Monetary Authority of Singapore.

Definition
A robo-advisor can be defined as "a self-guided online wealth management service that provides automated investment advice at low costs and low account minimums, employing portfolio management algorithms". Some robo-advisors do have an element of human interference and supervision.

Legally, the term "financial advisor" applies to any entity giving advice about securities. Most robo-advisor services are instead limited to providing portfolio management (i.e. allocating investments among asset classes) without addressing issues such as estate and retirement planning and cash-flow management, which are also the domain of financial planning.

Robo advisors provide "personal financial advice" in addition to "general financial advice". Personal financial advice is tailored to the financial situation and goals of the client, and is in their best interests. General financial advice doesn't take into account the personal situation or goals of the client, or how it might affect them personally.

Other designations for these financial technology companies include "automated investment advisor", "automated investment management", "online investment advisor" and "digital investment advisor".

Areas served
While robo-advisors are most common in the United States, they are also present in Germany, Australia, India, Canada, and Singapore.

Robo-advisors are extending into different aspects of financial advice, such as advising retail customers on how much money to spend versus save, how to plan for retirement and decumulation (selling off securities over time), and tax loss harvesting.

Methodology
The tools they employ to manage client portfolios differ little from the portfolio management software already widely used in the profession.

The portfolios that robo-advisors offer are typically exchange-traded funds, but some offer portfolios of individual stocks. Typically they employ modern portfolio theory, which minimizes risk for a given expected return. Some are designed for use with socially responsible investing, Halal investing, or strategies similar to hedge funds.

Consumer access
The customer acquisition costs and time constraints faced by traditional human advisors have left many middle-class investors underadvised or unable to obtain portfolio management services because of the minimums imposed on investable assets. The average financial planner has a minimum investment amount of $50,000, while minimum investment amounts for robo-advisors start as low as $500 in the United States and as low as £1 in the United Kingdom. In addition to having lower minimums on investable assets compared to traditional human advisors, robo-advisors charge fees ranging from 0.2% to 1.0% of Assets Under Management, while traditional financial planners charged average fees of 1.35% of Assets Under Management, according to a survey conducted by AdvisoryHQ News.

Regulation
In the United States, robo-advisors must be registered investment advisors, which are regulated by the Securities and Exchange Commission. In the United Kingdom they are regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority.

Total assets under management
The following are the largest robo-advisors by assets under management:

References

Online financial services companies
Web applications
Financial advisors


title: Bangladesh–Greece relations

text:
Bangladesh–Greece relations refer to the bilateral relations of Bangladesh and Greece. Diplomatic relations between the two countries were established in March 1972, when Greece became one of the first countries to recognize Bangladesh.

Diplomatic representation
The Bangladeshi embassy in Athens was established in July 2009. Greece maintains a consulate general in Dhaka.

High level visits

In March 2022, the State Minister of Cultural Affairs of Bangladesh K._M._Khalid paid an official visit to Athens and attended the Celebration of 50 years of diplomatic relations between Greece and Bangladesh.

In February 2022, the Minister of Migration and Asylum, Notis Mitarachi paid an official visit to Dhaka.

In October 2019, the Foreign Minister of Bangladesh AK Abdul Momen paid an official visit to Athens.

In 2013, former Greek Minister of Public Order and Citizen Protection Nikos Dendias paid an official visit to Dhaka.

Economic relations
Bangladesh and Greece have shown mutual interest in expanding bilateral trade and investment. Bangladeshi ready-made garments, pharmaceuticals, ceramics, jute products, frozen food and leather goods have been identified as products with huge potential in the Greek market. Greece has also shown interest in importing ships from Bangladesh. Bangladesh has sought Greece's cooperation in developing its agriculture, shipping, tourism, ICT and renewable energy sectors.

Cultural relations
The 50 years of Greek-Bangladeshi diplomatic relations were celebrated with great brilliance in two special events organized by the Embassy of Bangladesh on 15 and 16 March 2022 in Athens in the presence of the State Minister of Cultural Affairs of Bangladesh K._M._Khalid and the Greek Minister of Culture and Sports Lina_Mendoni.  On this occasion, the Greek edition of The Unfinished Memoirs of Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman was released.

Greek scholars and activists were invited and participated in the World Peace Conference organized by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Bangladesh on December 4 and 5, 2021, in Dhaka on the occasion of 50 years of Independence and as part of the ongoing celebration of the birth centenary of Father of the Nation Bangabandhu Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman.

Bangladeshi expatriates in Greece
As of 2018, there were about 80,000 Bangladeshi expatriates living in Greece. The community is mainly based in the capital Athens.

See also
 Foreign relations of Bangladesh
 Foreign relations of Greece
 Greek Memorial, Dhaka

References

External links
 Greek Ministry of Foreign Affairs about the relation with Bangladesh
Hellenic-Indian Society for Culture and Development (ELINEPA)

Greece
Bangladesh


title: Searles (surname)

text:
Searles is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

 Adam Searles (born 1981), British actor
 Baird Searles (1934–1993), American science fiction author and critic
 Charles Searles (1937–2004), African-American artist
 DeWitt Searles (1920–2021), American Air Force major general
 Edward Francis Searles (1841–1920), American architect
 Harold Searles (1918–2015), pioneer of American psychiatry
 Javon Searles (born 1986), Barbadian cricketer
 John Searles, American author and magazine editor
 A. Langley Searles (1920–2009), American chemist
 Mary Hopkins Searles (1818–1891), one of the wealthiest women in the United States
 Michael Searles (1750–1813), English architect
 Robert L. Searles (1919-2004), American business and politician


title: Bromelldalen

text:
Bromelldalen is a valley in Nathorst Land at Spitsbergen, Svalbard. It has a length of about eight kilometers, and is located between the mountains of Sven Nilssonfjellet and Bassøefjellet on the eastern side, and Hisingerfjellet to the west, at the southern side of Van Mijenfjorden. The valley is named after Swedish botanist Olof Bromelius.

References

Valleys of Spitsbergen


title: Stigmatodactylus

text:
Stigmatodactylus is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae. It has thirteen currently recognized species (as of November 2016), native to China, Taiwan, Japan, the Himalayas, the Philippines,  Malaysia, Indonesia, New Guinea and the Solomon Islands.

Species list
The following is a list of accepted species of Stigmatodactylus accepted by Plants of the World Online as at February 2021:
 Stigmatodactylus aegeridantennatus (N.Hallé) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones - New Caledonia
 Stigmatodactylus aquamarinus A.S.Rob. & Gironella - Palawan (Philippines)
 Stigmatodactylus bracteatus (Rendle) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones - New Caledonia
 Stigmatodactylus celebicus Schltr. - Sulawesi
 Stigmatodactylus confusus (Guillaumin) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones - New Caledonia
 Stigmatodactylus croftianus (Kores) Kores - New Guinea
 Stigmatodactylus cymbalariifolius (F.Muell. & Kraenzl.) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones - New Caledonia
 Stigmatodactylus dalagangpalawanicum A.S.Rob. - Palawan (Philippines)
 Stigmatodactylus elegans (Rchb.f.) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones - New Caledonia
 Stigmatodactylus gibbsiae (Kores) Kores - New Guinea
 Stigmatodactylus grandiflorus (Schltr.) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones - New Caledonia
 Stigmatodactylus halleanus (Kores) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones - New Caledonia
 Stigmatodactylus heptadactylus (Kraenzl.) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones - New Caledonia
 Stigmatodactylus javanicus Schltr. & J.J.Sm. - Java
 Stigmatodactylus lamrii (J.J.Wood & C.L.Chan) D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem. - Sabah
 Stigmatodactylus macroglossus (Schltr.) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones - New Caledonia
 Stigmatodactylus oxyglossus (Schltr.) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones - New Caledonia
 Stigmatodactylus paradoxus (Prain) Schltr. - Sikkim
 Stigmatodactylus richardianus P.T.Ong - Peninsular Malaysia
 Stigmatodactylus serratus (Deori) A.N.Rao - Assam
 Stigmatodactylus sikokianus Maxim. ex Makino - Fujian, Hunan, Taiwan, Japan
 Stigmatodactylus tenuilabris (Schltr.) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones - New Caledonia
 Stigmatodactylus variegatus (Kores) Kores - New Guinea
 Stigmatodactylus veillonis (N.Hallé) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones - New Caledonia
 Stigmatodactylus vulcanicus (Schodde) Maek. - Solomon Islands

See also
List of Orchidaceae genera

References

Berg Pana, H. 2005. Handbuch der Orchideen-Namen. Dictionary of Orchid Names. Dizionario dei nomi delle orchidee. Ulmer, Stuttgart

Diurideae genera
Acianthinae


title: Only a Dream (The Kinks song)

text:
"Only a Dream" is a song released and performed by the British rock band The Kinks, written by the main songwriter of the band, Ray Davies. The song appeared on their 1993 album Phobia, the band's final LP.

Background
Ray Davies said of the song in a 1993 interview, "I think I kind of found my voice again on 'Only a Dream,' which I wrote on a plane to England after I decided that the album needed to have a little more humanity. It's odd that an artist who's supposed to have been around still gets intimidated by certain things, but I do, and I had to really get myself prepared to do that vocal. The night before I did, I went out and got rat-arsed drunk on wine. I was still shaking when I got to the studio the next morning, and I did the vocal in one take. It's only a pop song, but there's a lot of emotion in it and there's a lot of me in it."

Lyrics
In the lyrics of "Only a Dream", the singer falls in love with whom he describes as "a young executive." He doesn't expect her to "even look at [him] or bother to glance [his] way, but she actually smiled at [him] and said 'Hi-ya handsome, have a good day.'" He starts to wonder if the event was real or "only a dream." On another day, the singer awaits his love to return, only to see her talking to another man, ignoring him entirely. He is crushed, but still wondering if the whole event was "only a dream."

Release and reception
"Only a Dream" was first released as the sixth song on The Kinks' first Columbia album, Phobia. The album was not met with much success, not charting in Britain, and only hitting #166 in America. Despite the failure of the album, the track was released separately as a standalone single, backed with "Somebody Stole My Car" (another song from the Phobia album.) The single had minimal success, hitting #79 in Britain. A second single from Phobia, "Scattered", was advertised to follow up "Only a Dream", but was cancelled and eventually released in small quantities to collectors. One year later, Columbia Records dropped The Kinks.

The song also appeared on the compilation album, Picture Book.

Music video
Like many other Kinks tracks of the era, a music video was shot for "Only a Dream." Featuring both Ray Davies and Dave Davies, Ray Davies lip-synced the song.

References

The Kinks songs
1993 singles
Songs written by Ray Davies
Song recordings produced by Ray Davies
1993 songs
MCA Records singles


title: Reno, Kansas

text:
Reno is an unincorporated community in Leavenworth County, Kansas, United States.  Reno is located at . It is part of the Kansas City metropolitan area.

History
A post office was opened in Reno in 1864, and remained in operation until it was discontinued in 1918. The community was named for General Jesse L. Reno.

References

Further reading

External links
 Leavenworth County maps: Current, Historic, KDOT

Unincorporated communities in Leavenworth County, Kansas
Unincorporated communities in Kansas


title: Ohlson O-score

text:
The Ohlson O-score for predicting bankruptcy is a multi-factor financial formula postulated in 1980 by Dr. James Ohlson of the New York University Stern Accounting Department as an alternative to the Altman Z-score for predicting financial distress.

Calculation of the O-score
The Ohlson O-score is the result of a 9-factor linear combination of coefficient-weighted business ratios which are readily obtained or derived from the standard periodic financial disclosure statements provided by publicly traded corporations.  Two of the factors utilized are widely considered to be dummies as their value and thus their impact upon the formula typically is 0.  When using an O-score to evaluate the probability of company’s failure, then exp(O-score) is divided by 1 + exp(O-score).

The calculation for Ohlson O-score appears below:

where
 TA = total assets
 GNP = gross national product price index level (in USD, 1968 = 100)
 TL = total liabilities
 WC = working capital
 CL = current liabilities
 CA = current assets
 X = 1 if TL > TA, 0 otherwise
 NI = net income
 FFO = funds from operations
 Y = 1 if a net loss for the last two years, 0 otherwise

Interpretation
The original model for the O-score was derived from the study of a pool of just over 2000 companies, whereas by comparison its predecessor the Altman Z-score considered just 66 companies. As a result, the O-score is significantly more accurate a predictor of bankruptcy within a 2-year period. The original Z-score was estimated to be over 70% accurate with its later variants reaching as high as 90% accuracy. The O-score is more accurate than this.

However, no mathematical model is 100% accurate, so while the O-score may forecast bankruptcy or solvency, factors both inside and outside of the formula can impact its accuracy. Furthermore, later bankruptcy prediction models such as the hazard based model proposed by Campbell, Hilscher, and Szilagyi in 2011 have proven more accurate still. For the O-score, any results larger than 0.5 suggest that the firm will default within two years.

See also

 Altman Z-score
 Beneish M-score
 Piotroski F-score

References

Financial ratios
Bankruptcy
Mathematical finance
Credit risk


title: Aldo Berni

text:
Aldo Berni (14 March 1909 – 12 October 1997) was an Italian-born British restaurateur, known for the Berni Inn restaurant chain that he founded with his older brother Frank Berni.

Career
Aldo Berni was born on 14 March 1909 in Bardi, northern Italy. He was the youngest of Louis Berni's three sons.

References

1909 births
1997 deaths
British restaurateurs
People from the Province of Parma
20th-century British businesspeople
Italian emigrants to the United Kingdom


title: LXQt

text:
LXQt is a free and open source lightweight desktop environment. It was formed from the merger of the LXDE and Razor-qt projects.

Like its GTK predecessor LXDE, LXQt does not ship or develop its own window manager, instead LXQt lets the user decide which (supported) window manager they want to use. Linux distributions commonly default LXQt to Openbox, Xfwm4, or KWin.

History
Dissatisfied with GTK 3, LXDE maintainer Hong Jen Yee experimented with Qt in early 2013 and released the first version of a Qt-based PCMan File Manager on 26 March 2013. He clarified, though, that this means no departure from GTK in LXDE, saying "The GTK and Qt versions will coexist". He later ported LXDE's Xrandr front-end to Qt.

On 3 July 2013 Hong Jen Yee announced a Qt port of the full LXDE suite, and on 21 July 2013, Razor-qt and LXDE announced that they had decided to merge the two projects. This merge meant that the GTK and the Qt versions coexisted in the short term, but eventually development of the GTK version significantly slowed and most efforts were focused on the Qt port. The merge of LXDE-Qt and Razor-qt was renamed LXQt, and the first release, version 0.7.0, was made available on 7 May 2014.

With the 0.13 release on 21 May 2018 the LXQt project formally split from LXDE with the move to a separate GitHub organization.

Software components
LXQt consists of many modular components, some of them depending on Qt and KDE Frameworks 5.

Adoption

Version history

See also

 Razor-qt
 Comparison of X Window System desktop environments

References

External links

 LXQt Roadmap (last update on Jun 16, 2016 for version 0.11)

2013 software
Free desktop environments
Software that uses Qt
Software that was ported from GTK to Qt


title: Cha-U-Kao

text:
Cha-U-Kao was a French entertainer who performed at the Moulin Rouge and the Nouveau Cirque  in the 1890s. Her stage name was also the name of a boisterous popular dance, similar to the can-can, which came from the French words "chahut", meaning "noise" and "chaos". She was depicted in a series of paintings by Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec.
Cha-U-Kao soon became one of his favorite models. The artist was fascinated by this woman who dared to choose the classic male profession of clowning and was not afraid to openly declare that she was a lesbian.

Little is known about her life, including her real name, though she was a gymnast before she worked as a Parisian female clown or "clownesse." During her time as a gymnast, Maurice Guilbert photographed her, capturing her younger self that contrasted with Toulouse-Lautrec's later depictions. Her clown performances included a "distinctive black-and-yellow costume with her hair piled up on her head[.]"

Toulouse-Lautrec sometimes sketched Cha-u-Kao with her partner, and these sketches would be included in his portfolio "Elles." It is believed that her partner was Gabrielle the Dancer, another performer and model for Toulouse-Lautrec. In 1979, art historian Naomi Maurer identified Cha-U-Kao in the artist's work as part of an exhibit at the Art Institute of Chicago. (The exhibit ran in the fall of that year.)

References

Further reading
Galassi, Susan Grace. "The Impressionist Line from Degas to Toulouse-Lautrec: Drawings and Prints from the Clark." The Frick Collection Members' Magazine, vol. 13, no. 1, 2013, p. 13. Internet Archive.
Stuckey, Charles F., Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, and Naomi E. Maurer. Toulouse-Lautrec: Paintings. Art Institute of Chicago, 1979.
McNally, Owen. "THE MASTER OF MONTMARTRE." Hartford Courant, 15 Oct. 1998, pp. 21–23.
Picture of a young Cha-U-Kao when she was a gymnast (fig. 3)

External links

Acrobats
French clowns
French artists' models
French female dancers
Contortionists
French LGBT entertainers
Paintings by Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec
Year of birth missing
Year of death missing
Moulin Rouge
19th-century French women
19th-century circus performers


title: Barbara Knudson

text:
Barbara Ann Knudson (December 4, 1927 – May 11, 2014) was an American film and television actress with more than forty  professional credits, including starring roles in Meet Danny Wilson in 1952, The Cry Baby Killer in 1958, and The Jayhawkers! in 1959.

Knudson was born in Las Vegas, Nevada, on December 4, 1927, to K.O. and Beatrice Knudson. She graduated from Las Vegas High School. She
met her future husband, William "Bill" Henry, while she was performing for the Las Vegas Little Theatre at the Last Frontier Hotel. Henry asked her to appear at the Pasadena Playhouse, where she was spotted by talent scouts.

Knudson signed with Paramount Studios in January 1950, which she chose over 20th Century Fox. Her early roles, including a small part in a party scene in a Rock Hudson film, led to a further contract with Universal-International. She married Bill Henry at a wedding ceremony on Waikiki in 1952. Prominent guests included Jack Lemmon and John Ford. The couple had one son, William "Bill" Henry Jr., in 1958. Their marriage ended in divorce in 1962.

She co-starred in the 1952 film, Meet Danny Wilson, and appeared in two episodes of The Lone Ranger in 1956.

Death
Barbara Knudson Henry died from natural causes at her home in Nevada on May 11, 2014, aged 86.

References

External links

1927 births
2014 deaths
American film actresses
American television actresses
Actresses from Nevada
Actresses from Las Vegas
Las Vegas High School alumni
21st-century American women


title: Preston Pond Jr.

text:
Preston Pond Jr. (September 9, 1823 – June 15, 1864) was a lawyer and politician from Louisiana, who served as a colonel in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War.

Early life and family

Preston Pond was born in Hinsdale, New Hampshire, on September 9, 1823. His parents were Dr. Preston Pond Sr., M.D. and Adeline Stebbins Wright. When he was a child his family moved to Jackson, Louisiana, where his father continued his medical profession. He grew up in a household with his parents, his four siblings and one slave. His three brothers ultimately all served in the Confederate States Army; Henry L. as 1st lieutenant in the 16th Louisiana Infantry and Charles L. as corporal in the 1st Louisiana Cavalry (later joined the 16th Louisiana Infantry and 10th Arkansas Infantry). The youngest, Dana B. Pond, served as private in the 27th Louisiana Infantry till he was captured and paroled at Vicksburg and joined the Ogden Cavalry Battalion.

Pond married Emelie Cooper (b. 1829) in 1846. In 1852 he married again, this time Adelaide Alice Woodward (1835 – December 12, 1878). With Adelaide he had a single child, daughter Adelaide Jane Pond, born on October 22, 1856. Their household was completed by a young Irish immigrant girl, C. O'Shaughnessy.

Leaning to a legal profession by 1850, Pond was admitted to the East Feliciana bar and practiced law in Jackson. By 1860 he had moved to Clinton, Louisiana, and in addition to his practice he took up farming. Entering politics as a Know Nothing he was elected to the Louisiana House of Representatives for East Feliciana in 1851. In 1855 he ran for the U.S. Congress as candidate for Louisiana's 3rd congressional district, but he was defeated by Thomas G. Davidson.

Pond also served in the Louisiana Militia as an officer in the 21st or "Parish East Feliciana" Regiment. By 1849 he attained the rank of major, by 1860 he was the regiment's colonel.

Early Civil War

When the American Civil War erupted and Louisiana seceded, the Militia was organized into five divisions. Pond's 21st Regiment was part of the 3rd Division, and the colonel was, in addition to his regimental duties, named divisional inspector general on April 3, 1861. He traveled with his men to Camp Moore for training and reorganisation. On September 26, 1861, the 16th Louisiana Infantry Regiment was organized and mustered into Confederate service with a strength of 851 officers and men. When the regiment selected its own officers the men elected Pond to become their colonel. He spent the next months training his men, drilled them 5 hours a day and gained a high reputation for his regiment. In November 1861 the 16th Infantry was ordered by General Mansfield Lovell to relocate to Camp Chalmette at Chalmette, Louisiana, to be in proximity to New Orleans. Bad housing, inadequate supply, diseases and rigid camp discipline constantly thinned the ranks.

When Confederate President Jefferson Davis asked Louisiana to provide additional forces for service in Tennessee in February 1862 the 16th Infantry was brigaded with the 17th, 18th and 19th Regiments; under the overall command of Brigadier General Daniel Ruggles. Sent to Corinth, Mississippi, the brigade had to bear equally bad camp conditions as before. When Ruggles was elevated to division command in the Army of Mississippi the brigade was broken up and a new brigade formed as part of Ruggles' division in March. By virtue of seniority Pond now commanded a brigade composed of the 16th (under Maj. Daniel C. Gober), 18th and Crescent Louisiana Regiments as well as the Orleans Guard Battalion, the 38th Tennessee Infantry and an Alabamian artillery battery under Captain William H. Ketchum. By March 6, 1862, the regiment had an effective strength of 330 men.

Battle of Shiloh

In the morning on April 6, 1862, Pond's Brigade formed the extreme left flank of the Confederate line. General Albert Sidney Johnston, commanding the Confederate forces on the field, ordered Pond to seize and hold the bridge over Owl Creek. Around 8:00 A.M., Pond sent the 38th Tennessee Infantry and the Crescent Regiment, supported by a gun section, to secure the bridge while the remaining portion of his brigade joined Ruggles's advance toward McDowell Field. Pond's Brigade successfully repulsed Colonel John McDowell's brigade and occupied the federal camps on the Purdy Road, northwest of Shiloh Church. Sensing the enemy was in full retreat, Ruggles ordered the division to advance through Crescent Field to cut off their retreat. While Pond's Brigade advanced it received several volleys of friendly fire from their right, which caused great confusion and led Pond to retreat several hundred yards and hold until the confederate line reformed. When the attack resumed Pond advanced through Sowell Field, stopping on a ridge in front of Tilghman's Branch of Owl Creek. On the opposite bank Federal forces hastily organized a new defensive line and pounded Pond's position with artillery fire. Around 4:00 p.m., Pond's Brigade was ordered to advance and charge up the opposite ridge to break the Federal line. Pond protested, but finally had to order the brigade to attack. Casualties from enemy rifle and artillery fire as well as repeated friendly fire from the brigade's right-rear disorganized the charge and forced the brigade to fall back from the Branch. Pond reformed his bloodied brigade and remained in position until nightfall; then he ordered his men to send out advanced pickets and sleep on arms. He positioned his brigade less than a mile from the river with his left flank holding Owl Creek. However, during the night the brigades to his right retreated several hundred yards to the rear without notifying Pond of their new position.

Early on April 7, Pond's Brigade was taken under sporadic rifle and artillery fire from enemy skirmishers close to 400 yards away. Realizing that the Confederate main battle line no longer protected his right flank, Pond quickly ordered his brigade to retreat and reform in accordance to the main line at the south end of Jones Field. General Ruggles ordered Pond's Brigade to take its on the left like the day before. However, General Hardee ordered Pond to move his brigade in support of the extreme right of his battle line. After moving the brigade from the extreme left flank to its right flank, General P.G.T. Beauregard rode up and ordered Pond to advance against the Federal troops in a different location. However, before Pond could completely reposition the brigade, General Leonidas Polk ordered Pond to move the brigade to support his battle line. While moving the brigade, Beauregard again redirected Pond's Brigade and ordered them to return immediately to Army headquarters near Shiloh Church. Upon reaching the church Pond's Brigade and other hastily assembled units formed a rear guard to allow the army to retreat toward Corinth. In his report Pond reported that his brigade had total casualties of 597 men; 90 of them from his own 16th Louisiana.

Later life

Under the new Conscription Act of April 1862, the 16th Infantry had to reorganize and reelect its officers. In the end Pond was not re-elected as colonel, and he resigned his commission on May 8, 1862.
Returning to his home in Clinton restarted farming and reopened his legal business. Simultaneously he also reentered politics, becoming a Louisiana State Senator for East Feliciana. In August 1863 Pond, as voice of Clinton's citizens, wrote a letter to the federal department commander condemning a speculated raid by irregular Union forces in the vicinity of Port Hudson. While the federal commander, General Nathaniel P. Banks, acknowledged the receipt of the letter and stated that no such raid was planned, he also made clear that the opinion of the citizenship of the rebellious state would be of no matter in this question. When on January 25, 1864, one of Pond's fellow officers, Brigadier General Henry Watkins Allen, became Governor of Louisiana Pond was appointed to his aides. On May 8 Pond wrote a letter to the Governor, condemning the actions of several regular and irregular confederate officers, who were accused of violent and criminal behaviour.

Pond died on June 15, 1864, and is buried in Old Jackson Cemetery in Jackson, Louisiana.

References

1823 births
1864 deaths
Louisiana state senators
Members of the Louisiana House of Representatives
Louisiana lawyers
People of Louisiana in the American Civil War
People from Jackson, Louisiana
American militia officers
Confederate States Army officers
19th-century American politicians
People from Hinsdale, New Hampshire
People from Clinton, Louisiana
19th-century American lawyers


title: Jaume Sastre

text:
Jaume Sastre i Font (Sant Joan, Mallorca, 16 May 1959) is a Spanish literature and Catalan language teacher in Mallorca. He graduated in Catalan Philology at the Universitat de Barcelona in 1983. He published the poetry collections Insecticida (1977) and Simulacre (1980), belonged to the conceptual avantgarde group Taller Llunàtic from 1977 to 1988, and founded the Correu de son Coc magazine. In 1995, he formed together with other people the Lobby per la Independència group which carried out several popular actions to reivindicate the independence of the Catalan Countries. He was collaborator of the S'Arenal de Mallorca newsletter for many years. He was asked by the former President of the Balearic Islands, Gabriel Cañellas, to write his memories, which were officially presented in 2003 and became the most sold Catalan book of the year in the Balearic Islands.

He is one of the leaders of the Assemblea de Docents de les Illes Balears movement initiated in 2013 against the education law passed by the Balearic government which limited the use of Catalan language in the schools. On 8 May 2014, he began a hunger strike to force the Balearic government to re-open the negotiations on the law.
He stopped his hunger-strike after 40 days, on June 16, 2014, when his health condition became "highly risky" according to medical reports.

Work
 1977: Insecticida (poetry)
 1980: Simulacre (poetry)
 1983: Freixura de porc o incitació a la intolerància (essay, self-edited)
 1995: Mossegades (newspaper articles collection)
 2003: Conversa amb Gabriel Cañellas: l'amo en Biel

 As a co-author
 1991: Un Puput de cresta molla: l'anticatalanisme a Mallorca: noms llinatges i fotografies
 2007: Elogi de la transgressió: identitat nacional i desraó d'estat (annex, with Josep Palou)
 2007: La guerra de la piscina (with Josep Palou)

References

External links
 Hunger strike blog (cat)

1959 births
Living people
University of Barcelona alumni
Hunger strikers


title: Nahachiv

text:
Nahachiv  () is a village (selo) in Yavoriv Raion, Lviv Oblast, in southwest Ukraine. The village is at a distance of  from the city of Lviv and  from the city of Yavoriv. It belongs to Yavoriv urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Its population is 3,738. Local government – Nahachivska Village Council.

History
The first historical mention of Nahachiv fixed in the 1456, but there were older  - 12 - 13th century.

In territory of village are preserved the ancient fortress mounts 6 - 7th century. The oldest findings from the area are Palaeolithic (old Stone Age) is a stone ax.

Notes

References
 weather.in.ua
 Іісторія села Нагачів
 Церква св.Симеона Стовпника (с.Нагачів, Львівська обл.): карта, фото

Villages in Yavoriv Raion


title: Wenceslas Bible

text:
The Wenceslas Bible () or the Bible of Wenceslaus IV () is a multi-volume illuminated biblical manuscript written in the German language. The manuscript was commissioned by the King Wenceslaus IV of Bohemia (that time also the King of the Romans) and made in Prague in the 1390s. The Wenceslas Bible is unique and very precious not only because of its text, which is one of the earliest German translations of the Bible, but also because of its splendid illuminations. This oldest German deluxe Bible manuscript remained uncompleted.

Historical context

The Wenceslas Bible contains the text of one of the earliest Bible translations into German. The translation from the Latin Vulgata was commissioned by the wealthy burgher of Prague Martin Rotlev about 1375–1380.

Although Wenceslas' father Emperor Charles IV forbade Bible translations from Latin into vernacular languages as heresy in 1369, king Wenceslas with his second wife Sophia disrespected his father's order by their patronage of this spectacular edition of the new German Bible translation. Their own patronage confirms an inscription in the manuscript. It indicates the close relationship between the Bohemian royal court and the nascent Bohemian Reformation.

The Wenceslas Bible was never completed. The Book of Daniel, the Minor Prophets and the Books of Maccabees are lacking from the Old Testament and the New Testament was not even begun. The Bible contains 654 miniatures and initials; some were only scratched. The scribe left free spaces for more than 900 other illustrations. If the Bible were completed, it would have comprised about 1,800 leaves with circa 2,000 illuminations and would accordingly have surpassed all other medieval manuscripts in length, dimensions and wealth of artistic ornament.

Gallery

References

External links

 Austrian National Library official website

14th-century illuminated manuscripts
14th-century biblical manuscripts
Illuminated biblical manuscripts
Biblical manuscripts of the Austrian National Library
Bible translations into German
Czech manuscripts


title: Naor Dahan

text:
Naor Dahan (, born 26 September 1990) is an Israeli footballer who plays for Hapoel Beit She'an in Liga Alef.

References

1990 births
Living people
Israeli men's footballers
Footballers from Haifa District
Beitar Nes Tubruk F.C. players
Maccabi Ironi Tirat HaCarmel F.C. players
Hapoel Hadera F.C. players
Maccabi Be'er Sheva F.C. players
Hapoel Asi Gilboa F.C. players
Hapoel Acre F.C. players
Hapoel Herzliya F.C. players
Hapoel Ironi Baqa al-Gharbiyye F.C. players
Ironi Tiberias F.C. players
Ihud Bnei Kafr Qara F.C. players
F.C. Tzeirei Kafr Kanna players
Hapoel Beit She'an F.C. players
Liga Leumit players
Israeli Premier League players
Men's association football defenders


title: Helia

text:
Helia is an Australian Lenders mortgage insurance provider. It is listed on the ASX and changed its name from Genworth Mortgage Insurance Australia in October 2022.

In 2018, Helia invested in Tic:Toc, a mortgage fintech.

In 2021, Genworth Financial, an S&P400 insurance provider, sold its 52% of Helia's shares to institutional investors, effectively making Helia an independent company.

In 2022, Helia invested in OSQO a "deposit gap funder".

In 2022, Helia purchased 22% of Household Capital, a reverse mortgage provider.

References

Insurance companies of Australia
Companies with year of establishment missing
Companies listed on the Australian Securities Exchange


title: Battle of Bone Pile Creek

text:
The Battle of Bone Pile Creek, part of the Powder River Expedition, was fought August 13–15, 1865, by United States soldiers and civilians against Sioux and Cheyenne warriors. The battle occurred near Bone Pile Creek, in Dakota Territory, in present-day Campbell County, Wyoming.

Battle
On August 13, 1865, the soldiers, civilians, and wagon train of Lieutenant Colonel James A. Sawyers' Expedition were moving west. The soldiers accompanying the train included twenty four men of Company B, 1st Dakota Cavalry Battalion, and about 119 men of Companies C, and D, 5th United States Volunteer Infantry under Captain George Williford, of Company C. In the evening near Gourd (also called Pumpkin) Butte, Cheyenne and Sioux warriors attacked the train, killing Nathaniel Hedges, a 19-year-old civilian employee. Later that evening, the wagons were corralled near Bone Pile Creek, and Hedges was buried in the center of the corral. The next morning, the warriors returned and attacked again. They again attacked the corralled wagons on the fifteenth, but could not overrun the wagons. Chief Red Cloud of the Sioux, chief Morning Star (Dull Knife), and George Bent of the Cheyenne, and Bull Bear negotiated with Colonel Sawyers for a safe passage of the wagon train in exchange for one wagon's load of supplies. Soldiers later reported that George Bent was dressed in a U.S. army staff officer's uniform. Sawyers agreed to give the supplies, which included a wagon full of sugar, bacon, coffee, flour, and tobacco, though Captain Williford objected to the idea. When the wagons began moving again, the Indians attacked, killing Privates Anthony Nelson, and John Rouse of Company B, 1st Dakota Cavalry. The soldiers fired back, killing two warriors, and the Native Americans quickly withdrew from the wagons.  After burying Private Nelson beside Nathaniel Hedges, and being unable to locate the body of Private Rouse, the Sawyers Expedition continued on.

The battlefield today
The Bone Pile Creek battlefield is at an unknown location in Campbell County, Wyoming, near present-day Wright, Wyoming.

Order of battle
United States Army, Lieutenant Colonel James A. Sawyers, 196 men.

Native Americans, 500 Sioux and Cheyenne.

References

Indian wars of the American Old West


title: PWD Bamenda

text:
PWD Bamenda is a Cameroonian football club based in the City of Bamenda, Northwest Region They currently compete in the Elite One, the highest football league in Cameroon.

PWD Bamenda won their maiden domestic and first Elite One title in 2020 after they were crowned champions since the season couldn't be completed due to the effects of thethey also went on to win the Cameroon cup after beating Astres of Douala (1-0) through a free kick transformed by Chem thereby setting them a place for CAF confederations Cup preliminaries.They failed to make it to the playoffs of the league COVID-19 pandemic.

This club has several names among which are P-ton ton and Abakwa boys and is one of the oldest clubs in Cameroon, the flag bearer of the North West Region of Cameroon alongside YOSA their archrivals.

History
On 5 April 2019, the head coach of PWD Bamenda, Augustine Choupo, was kidnapped, held for a few hours and then released unharmed.

Rivalries
Yong Sports Academy is the derby opponent, Canon Yaoundé against whom PWD has lost two Cameroon Cup finals and Coton Sport FC de Garoua

Stadium
The team's official home ground is the 2500 capacity Bamenda Municipal Stadium undergoing some renovation works since 2013. Due to these works, PWD plays home games at the University of Bamenda campus fields and YONG Sports Complexe at Mile 5 Nkwen-Bamenda.

Supporters
Some supporters of PWD Bamenda claim that the club represents the Anglophone Cameroonian population of the country.

Honours
Elite One
Champions: 2019–20
Cameroon Cup
Champions: 2021

Performance in CAF competitions
CAF Champions League
2020–21 – Qualifying round

CAF Confederation Cup
2004 – First round

References

External links

Football clubs in Cameroon
Sports clubs and teams in Cameroon


title: Lois Aileen Bey

text:
Lois Aileen Bey (born May 8, 1929) is an American chemical engineer who overcame overt sexism throughout her lifetime. On June 9, 1950, she made history as the first woman to graduate from the chemical engineering program at Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT). She was also the only woman in the program at that time.   Her graduation ceremony took place at the Civic Opera House.

Early life

Bey's did not come from an engineering background, though she believes that she inherited her unusually good long-term memory from her father. Neither of Bey's parents attended college. Bey experienced sexism since the day she was born; her mother made it clear to her that she had wanted a boy, in case the health problems in Lois Bey's older brother Roy prevented him from growing to adulthood.

Bey's parents had traditional gender roles. At the age of twenty-one, Bey's mother set out to marry to avoid becoming a spinster. She composed a list of qualifications that she required in a husband, which included the ability to entertain. Bey's father Leroy Karl Bey was a pianist for Sophie Tucker and Ethel Merman at the time. Her mother persuaded him to propose within six months.

During the Depression, Bey experienced more sexism when a black neighbor named Hemmie offered childcare services to her mother. She allowed Hemmie to take Lois but not her brother Roy because "I wouldn’t trust my son to strangers." Despite the sexism, Bey enjoyed her time with the other neighborhood children because she could gain experiences that were not available at her home: books, parks, and zoos.

Education

A kindergarten teacher found Bey, at the age of four years, after her mother accidentally forgot her to assign someone to find her, in favor of her brother. The teacher found her unusually articulate and enrolled her in kindergarten a year early. She was very inquisitive and an avid reader, as a child, often asking questions about how things work. They moved to Chicago that year, so she had to take kindergarten again.

Bey skipped another year in grammar school, so she graduated high school one month after she turned seventeen. She chose to attend Illinois Institute of Technology because the school had the most convenient location with the cheapest tuition.

Sexism in Engineering

Bey took IIT's entrance exam for engineering, despite her mother's warnings. She later reflected that "I was a stubborn child and ignored what she told me." She was the only girl in a group of eleven high school graduates to take the exam. The other ten boys found out that they had failed, but they all knew that one fellow had been accepted into the scholarship. IIT had not sent her her score because of a "Clerical error”. Later, she learned that "... IIT was not going to give scholarship money to a woman who selected engineering because they knew she would never finish engineering, and she was only probably going to school to find a husband." By the time the IIT accepted her, she did not have the money to attend.

History of IIT's Chemical Engineering Department

In 1901, the College of Engineering at IIT officially established a Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering. This department at IIT is one of the oldest chemical engineering programs in the United States. Charles W. Pierce earned one of the program's first chemical engineering degrees. He was one of the first African American chemical engineers in the nation. Forty-nine years later, Bey became the first woman to graduate from their chemical engineering program.

Career

"I just hope that today’s young ladies don’t face the discrimination I faced before college, during college and after college."– Lois Bey

Bey faced much discrimination as a female engineer. Many companies showed resistance towards hiring a woman as an engineer. Once she was hired, she had to leave a job due to the inequitable treatment she endured from her supervisor. She faced many of the same obstacles at two other companies.

Bey began her career doing hands-on research in lab work. She gained experience with large industrial chemical equipment. Her job titles ranged from lab technician to assistant engineer.

She started her career at Edwal Laboratories, and moved on to Underwriters Laboratories and the Armour Research Institute (now IIT Research Institute). In 1956, Bey became a sales engineer for F.M. De Beers, Assoc. where she sold and troubleshooted equipment.

In 1960, Bey started working at Baxter Laboratories, during which she earned a master's degree in Library and Information Science. She combined both her degrees toward a career as an information specialist in the chemical research & development departments. In 1993, Bey retired from Stepan Chemical Company.

After retirement. She was also an active member of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers and the American Society of Information Science.

Awards

In September 2001, Dr. Ahmed Zewail, 1999 Nobel Laureate in Chemistry, gave the Ralph Peck Memorial Lecture, to celebrate IIT's century of excellence in chemical engineering education and research. During this lecture, the chairman of the department, named Dr. Hamid Arastoopour, presented Lois Bey with the IIT Distinguished Alumni Award. It had a memorial plaque that read: "In recognition of her pioneering role as the first female graduate in chemical engineering at IIT, her commitment, and her contribution to the chemical engineering profession."

Societies

Bey is a life member of the Society of Women Engineers. She was also a member of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers and the American Society of Information Science. Patricia Brown, one of the past presidents of SWE, acknowledged Bey as a pioneer for all women engineers.

References

1929 births
Living people
American chemical engineers
American women engineers
Illinois Institute of Technology alumni
Scientists from Chicago
Place of birth missing (living people)
Women chemical engineers
Engineers from Illinois
21st-century women engineers
21st-century American women


title: The John of Gaunt School

text:
The John of Gaunt School is a mixed secondary school and sixth form located in Trowbridge in the English county of Wiltshire. The school is named after John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster, as the school is built upon land that he once owned.

History

Predecessors
The school's immediate predecessors were the Trowbridge High School for Boys, and the Trowbridge High School for Girls, single-sex grammar schools which were established in 1912 on two sites: on Wingfield Road (boys) and nearby on Gloucester Road (girls). These formed a co-educational grammar school, the Combined High Schools, on 14 April 1969.

Creation

In August 1974, the school became a coeducational comprehensive school and was renamed The John of Gaunt School. Previously a community school administered by Wiltshire Council, The John of Gaunt School converted to academy status on 1 April 2012. However, the school continues to coordinate with Wiltshire Council for admissions.

The John of Gaunt School offers GCSEs and BTECs as programmes of study for pupils, as well as some vocational courses offered in conjunction with Wiltshire College. Students in the sixth form have the option to study from a range of A-levels and further BTECs.

The school joined the Equa Multi-Academy Trust in April 2023. The trust already operates Lavington School, as well as a number of Wiltshire primary schools.

Notable former pupils
Trowbridge High School for Boys
 John Atyeo (1932–1993), prolific goal-scorer for Bristol City who also scored for England.
 Sir William Richard Joseph Cook, mathematician, who largely led the British hydrogen bomb programme in the 1950s.
 Kenneth Harris, former chief interviewer for The Observer newspaper.
 Tony Lane, nuclear physicist.
 John Henry Pyle Pafford, librarian and editor.
 James Rodway (1848–1926), botanist and historian of Guyana.
 Alan Smith, Bishop of St Albans since 2009, and Member of the House of Lords.

Trowbridge High School for Girls
 Janet Anderson (briefly), Labour MP from 1992 to 2010 for Rossendale and Darwen.
 Maureen Duffy, author.
 Prof Joan M. Hussey, Professor of History from 1950 to 1974 at the University of London
 Deborah Meaden, businesswoman and television personality on Dragons' Den.
 Bel Mooney, journalist and broadcaster.
 Marjorie Reeves, historian.

The John of Gaunt School
 Nick Blackwell, boxer.
 Rob Chapman, musician and guitar company owner.
 Keri Davies, radio producer and playwright.
 Jordan Daykin, entrepreneur.
 Tom Gale, Olympic high jumper.
 Gemma Hunt, CBBC and CBeebies presenter.
 Chris Stokes, footballer.

Headteachers
Trowbridge and District County Secondary School
 Mr J.W. Henson (1897–1912)

Trowbridge Secondary School for Boys
 Mr J.W. Henson (1912–1914)

Trowbridge Secondary School for Girls
 Miss E.M. Moore (1912–1914)

Trowbridge High School for Boys
 Mr J.W. Henson (1914–1937)
 Mr L.G. Smith (1937–1947)
 Mr G.V.S. Bucknall (1947–1968)

Trowbridge High School for Girls
 Miss E.M. Moore (1912–1932)
 Miss J.I. Field (1932–1938)
 Miss K.M.S. Dawes (1939–1954)
 Miss B. Morris (1954–1969)

Trowbridge High School
 Mr G. Suggitt (1969–1974)

The John of Gaunt School
 Frank St. George (1974–1979)
 Keith Berry (1979–1991)
 Stephen Gee (1992–2001)
 Lyn Sharpe (2001–2003)
 Andy Packer (2004–2014)
 Mike Gunston (2014–2018)
 Paul Skipp (2018–2022)
 Matthew Woodville (2022–2023)
 Ben Rhodes (2023–)

See also
Lavington School – secondary school in Market Lavington, part of the Equa Multi-Academy Trust
St Augustine's Catholic College – Catholic secondary school and sixth form in Trowbridge
The Clarendon Academy – secondary school and sixth form in Trowbridge

References

Further reading

External links

Secondary schools in Wiltshire
Trowbridge
Academies in Wiltshire


title: Sejong (disambiguation)

text:
Sejong most commonly refers to:
Sejong the Great, the fourth king of Joseon
Sejong City, a planned city in South Korea

Sejong may also refer to:

Places
Sejongno, street that runs through Jongno-gu in downtown Seoul

Ships
Sejong the Great-class destroyer

Other uses
7365 Sejong, main-belt asteroid
King Sejong Institute, cultural institution
King Sejong Station, research station for the Korea Antarctic Research Program
King Sejong the Great (TV series), South Korean television series
Korea University Sejong Campus, Korea University 's second campus
Sejong Center, largest arts and cultural complex in Seoul
Sejong Institute, foreign & security think tank
Sejong University, private university located in Seoul
Sejong (constituency), constituency of the National Assembly of South Korea

See also
Oh Se-jong (1982–2016), South Korean short track speed skater
Cho Se-jong (born 1978), South Korean sport shooter
Byun Se-jong (born 1998), South Korean figure skater

Sekong (disambiguation)


title: Sven Nilssonfjellet

text:
Sven Nilssonfjellet is a mountain in Nathorst Land at Spitsbergen, Svalbard. It has a height of 988 m.a.s.l. The mountain is named after Swedish zoologist Sven Nilsson. It is located west of Langlidalen and Langlifjellet, and north of
Løyndbreen, at the southern side of Van Mijenfjorden. East of the mountain is the valley of Bromelldalen.

References

Mountains of Spitsbergen


title: Custos Rotulorum of Westmeath

text:
The Custos Rotulorum of Westmeath was the highest civil officer in County Westmeath. The position was later combined with that of Lord Lieutenant of Westmeath.

Incumbents

1662–?1672 Thomas Dillon, 4th Viscount Dillon
1728–1729 George Forbes, 3rd Earl of Granard
1765–1788 Thomas Nugent, 6th Earl of Westmeath
1788–1814 George Frederick Nugent, 7th Earl of Westmeath (died 1814)
<1819–?1835 Thomas Pakenham, 2nd Earl of Longford (died 1835)
–?1871 George Thomas John Nugent, 8th Earl of Westmeath (died 1871)

For later custodes rotulorum, see Lord Lieutenant of Westmeath

References

Westmeath


title: Wadsworth, Kansas

text:
Wadsworth was an unincorporated community in Delaware Township, Leavenworth County, Kansas, United States.  It is part of the Kansas City metropolitan area.

History
In this area, on land granted by the city of Leavenworth, the Western Branch, National Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers (NHDVS), began construction in 1885. In 1886 a post office opened that was named "National Military Home" (as was the Santa Fe Railway station). In 1932 the post office was renamed "Veterans Administration Home".

In 1936 the post office was renamed "Wadsworth". (The railroad station was also renamed "Wadsworth".) Wadsworth was the surname of two unrelated NHDVS officials: Maj. James Wolcott Wadsworth Sr. (1846-1926), a former Congressman who served on the NHDVS Board of Managers 1906-26 (and was the board's President 1907–14), and Col. Charles W. Wadsworth (1865-1943), who was General Treasurer of NHDVS 1915–30, then (after NHDVS became part of the newly created VA) Director of the VA's Bureau of National Homes. In 1963 the Wadsworth Post Office was assigned Zip Code 66089.

In 1971, about the time that the area was annexed by the city of Leavenworth, the post office lost the Wadsworth name and became the Veterans Administration Center station of the Leavenworth P.O. The hospital was renamed the Dwight D. Eisenhower VA Medical Center and the cemetery became Leavenworth National Cemetery. A new domiciliary was built in 1995 west of the medical center, and the old domiciliaries were vacant until 2006, when they began being converted to veterans' apartments as the Eisenhower Ridge project.

References

Further reading

External links
 Leavenworth County maps: Current, Historic, KDOT

Unincorporated communities in Leavenworth County, Kansas
Unincorporated communities in Kansas


title: Filopaludina maekoki

text:
Filopaludina maekoki is a species of large freshwater snail with a gill and an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Viviparidae.

Distribution
This species is found in the northern Thailand.

References

  Brandt R.A.M. (1974). The non-marine aquatic Mollusca of Thailand. Archiv für Molluskenkunde. 105: i-iv, 1-423

Viviparidae


title: Philip Jennings (Queenborough MP)

text:
Philip Jennings (c.1679 – 10 February 1740) of Dudleston Hall, Shropshire was an English lawyer and politician.

He was the oldest son of Edward Jennings, QC, a barrister who later became Member of Parliament (MP) for East Looe. Philip was a nephew of Admiral Sir John Jennings. He was educated at Eton and St John's College, Cambridge. He was called to the bar at the Inner Temple in 1704 and became a bencher in 1735. He succeeded his father in 1725.

He sat in the House of Commons of Great Britain from 1715 to 1722, as MP for Queenborough.

He married twice: firstly in 1705, Diana, the daughter of Sir William Bowyer, 2nd Bt., of Denham, Buckinghamshire, with whom he had a son, who predeceased him, and a daughter and secondly in 1721, Dorothy, the daughter of George Clerke of Launde Abbey, Leicestershire, with whom he had 3 sons and 6 daughters.

References

1679 births
Year of birth uncertain
1740 deaths
People educated at Eton College
Alumni of St John's College, Cambridge
Members of the Inner Temple
Members of the Parliament of Great Britain for English constituencies
British MPs 1715–1722


title: NOVA (Slovakia)

text:
New Majority (Slovak: Nová väčšina, NOVA) is a conservative political party in Slovakia.

Naming history
 : New Majority (; NOVA)
 : New Majority (Daniel Lipšic) (; NOVA)
 : New Majority – Agreement (D. Lipšic) (; NOVA)
 From : NEW ()

History
The party was established on 2 September 2012 by Daniel Lipšic and Jana Žitňanská, representatives of Slovak national council, who had previously left the Christian Democratic Movement (KDH). Daniel Lipšic, who had also been the vice-president of his former party, was elected its president. They represent a conservative faction of party. In May 2013, five representatives of Freedom and Solidarity (SaS) , Juraj Droba, Daniel Krajcer, Juraj Miškov, and Martin Chren left the party, joining New Majority. They represent a liberal faction of the party.

In the 2014 European elections, New Majority came in fifth place nationally, receiving 6.83% of the vote and electing 1 MEP.

In the 2016 parliamentary elections NOVA ran its candidates on a common list with Ordinary People, getting two of them elected.

Election results

National Council

European Parliament

References

External links
Nova official website

European Conservatives and Reformists member parties
Conservative parties in Slovakia
Liberal conservative parties in Slovakia
Classical liberal parties
Christian democratic parties in Slovakia
Political parties established in 2012
Political parties disestablished in 2015
2012 establishments in Slovakia
2015 disestablishments in Slovakia
Christian Democratic Movement breakaway groups


title: MAMA Award for Best Male Artist

text:
The MAMA Award for Best Male Solo (남자 가수상) is an award presented annually by CJ E&M Pictures (Mnet).

It was first awarded at the 1st Mnet Asian Music Awards ceremony held in 1999; Lee Seung-hwan won the award for his song "A Request", and it is given in honor of a male artist with the best performance in the music industry.

Winners and nominees

 Each year is linked to the article about the Mnet Asian Music Awards held that year.

Multiple awards for Best Male Artist
As of 2020, four male artists received two or more awards.

3 wins
 Baekhyun

2 wins
 G-Dragon
 Taeyang
 Zico

Gallery

Notes

References

External links
 Mnet Asian Music Awards official website

MAMA Awards


title: Fall Leaf, Kansas

text:
Fall Leaf is an unincorporated community in Leavenworth County, Kansas, United States.  It is part of the Kansas City metropolitan area.

History
A post office called Fall Leaf was established in 1868, and remained in operation until it was discontinued in 1894. The community was named for a Delaware chief.

References

Further reading

External links
 Leavenworth County maps: Current, Historic, KDOT

Unincorporated communities in Leavenworth County, Kansas
Unincorporated communities in Kansas


title: Philip Jennings

text:
Philip Jennings may refer to:

 Philip Jennings (The Americans), fictional character in the 2010s American television drama series The Americans
 Philip Jennings (Queenborough MP) (c. 1679–1740), English lawyer and politician, MP for Queenborough 1715–22
 Sir Philip Jennings-Clerke, 1st Baronet (c. 1722–1788), known as Philip Jennings until the 1760s, MP for Totnes 1768–88
 Philip Jennings (priest) (1783–1849), Archdeacon of Norfolk
 Philip Jennings (trade unionist) (born 1953), former Welsh trade union leader

See also
 Jennings


title: Filopaludina filosa

text:
Filopaludina filosa is a species of large freshwater snail with a gill and an operculum. It is an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Viviparidae.

Distribution
This species is found in Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam.

Description
The width of the shell is . The height of the shell is .

References

Viviparidae


title: Hoge, Kansas

text:
Hoge is an unincorporated community in Leavenworth County, Kansas, United States.  It is part of the Kansas City metropolitan area.

History
A post office was established as Hoge Station in 1868 by Joseph Hoge, for whom the community was named. The post office closed in 1901.

References

Further reading

External links
 Leavenworth County maps: Current, Historic, KDOT

Unincorporated communities in Leavenworth County, Kansas
Unincorporated communities in Kansas


title: Lowemont, Kansas

text:
Lowemont is an unincorporated community in Leavenworth County, Kansas, United States.  It is part of the Kansas City metropolitan area.

History
A post office was opened in Lowemont in 1888, and remained in operation until it was discontinued in 1938.

References

Further reading

External links
 Leavenworth County maps: Current, Historic, KDOT

Unincorporated communities in Leavenworth County, Kansas
Unincorporated communities in Kansas


title: Givira anna

text:
Givira anna, the anna carpenterworm moth, is a moth in the family Cossidae. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee and Texas.

The wingspan is 25–36 mm. Adults have been recorded on wing from March to August.

References

Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

Givira
Moths described in 1898


title: Givira cornelia

text:
Givira cornelia is a moth in the family Cossidae. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from Utah, Arizona, California and Nevada.

Adults have been recorded on wing in March, May and from July to August.

References

Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

Givira
Moths described in 1893


title: 9th Amphibian Tractor Battalion

text:
The 9th Amphibian Tractor Battalion ("9th Amtrac Battalion") was an amphibious assault battalion of the United States Marine Corps. The battalion supported the 6th Marine Division during the Battle of Okinawa in World War II.

History

Battle of Okinawa
Along with the 2nd Amphibian Tractor Group, the 9th Amtrac Battalion (part of the 1st Amphibian Tractor Group) landed the 6th Marine Division and its subordinate units on the island of Okinawa on L-Day. The battalion supported the division throughout the campaign, utilizing the LVT 4 as its main amphibious vehicle. Further inland, the LVTs were used similar to conventional armor, as their mounted Browning machine guns could deliver devastating firepower in support of an infantry unit. However, mines, artillery, and other hazards plagued the amtracs throughout the campaign.  By the time the 9th assaulted the Oroku Peninsula, only 17 of its original 103 LVTs were still serviceable.

After its World War II service, the 9th Amphibian Tractor Battalion was decommissioned and its personnel assigned to other units.

See also

 History of the United States Marine Corps
 List of United States Marine Corps battalions

References

Military units and formations of the United States Marine Corps in World War II
Inactive units of the United States Marine Corps


title: 2014 protests in Brazil

text:
The 2014 protests in Brazil, also known as There won't be a Cup or Fifa go home were public demonstrations in several Brazilian cities in response to the 2014 FIFA World Cup and other social issues, realized by many social movements, mostly in the capitals where the megaevent was happening, Their main criticism was the high government spending on the World Cup to the detriment of low investment in public services. Furthermore, they criticized forced evictions and lack of policies in favor of decent housing, urban militarization and police violence. Several categories of workers also added demands in favor of better conditions for work.

Background

The protests were primarily concerned with the spending of billions of reais of public money on stadiums for the World Cup.

Prior to 2014, social movements opposed to Brazil hosting the Cup garnered support during the FIFA Confederations Cup in 2013. The Facebook group Movimento Anti-Copa de Decoração de Ruas (Anti-Cup Movement for the Decoration of the Streets) gained more than 15,000 Likes in a little over a month.

Timeline

Events prior to the World Cup

On January 25, 2014, protesters clashed with the military police in central São Paulo. According to the organization's official Facebook account, 108 people were arrested by military police and a further 20 arrests were made by civil police, totaling 128 arrests before midnight.

On May 27, 2 protesters blocked the streets in central Brasília, near the Monumental Axis, caused traffic congestion. Among the protesters were 300 aboriginals who went to the capital to protest changes in laws concerning the demarcation of indigenous land. The protest ended in a confrontation with the military police, where a cavalryman was struck by an arrow.

On May 31, 2014 protesters marched from the Ministries Esplanade to the football stadium before ending the demonstration peacefully. The following day, military police in São Paulo began using specialized suits of armor referred to as 'RoboCop', which were intended to maintain control over protests during the World Cup.

On June 3, a group of about 50 protesters in Goiânia gathered in front of the hotel where the Brazilian team was staying prior to an exhibition match against Panamá. The protesters were connected with trade unions and left wing political groups, with pickets demanding fair pay for professors and health professionals.

Events during the World Cup

The demonstrations of 2014 were generally smaller than those that occurred during the FIFA Confederations Cup in the previous year, but protesters and police clashed in almost every city hosting the games of the World Cup. In the first week of the Cup, there were more than 20 protests and 180 arrests across the various cities, many resulting in police action.

On June 12, at least six were injured in São Paulo when military police threw gas grenades and fired rubber bullets at protesters. Two CNN journalists were among those injured. Governor Geraldo Alckmin of the Brazilian Social Democracy Party justified the aggression of the military police saying that their goal was to prevent the protesters from blocking a major traffic artery leading to the football stadium.

In Porto Alegre on June 24, around 200 protesters gathered in the city center and travelled toward the airport. The group was monitored by police, and disbursed with one protester being arrested for deflating the tires of a car.

In São Paulo, June 23, an unidentified man in a black shirt fired a gun three times into the air as police were arresting a protester. Protesters say that the man was trying to scare away those critical of the arrest. Police said they would investigate whether the shooter was actually a member of the police. Three people were arrested during the act, among which Rafael Lusvarghi.

On July 13, the final day of the Cup, police in Rio de Janeiro injured at least ten journalists with clubs, and shrapnel from tear gas grenades. Police kettled the 300 protesters, preventing them from marching to their destination, Maracanã Stadium. Military Police told BBC Brazil that they would forward reports of police abuse to Internal Affairs.

Events
Reasons of the protest continuation are pointed also by Romário, ex-player and member of the Parliament, that dubbed the World Cup 2014 as the "biggest theft in history", and that the real costs would be over R$100 billion (US$46 billion). Romário now is one of the few parliament members that wants a deeper investigation on the misuse of public funds.

Before the opening game of the World Cup on 12 June, police clashed with protesters in São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro and several other host cities. Tear gas was used on crowds in São Paulo.

While covering the protest on June 12, CNN Reporter Shasta Darlington and CNN producer Barbara Arvanitidis were injured. Barbara Arvanitidis was directly hit on the wrist by a tear gas bomb whilst they were reporting the indiscriminate use of riot weapons.

See also
 List of protests in the 21st century

References

External links

2014 in Brazil
2014 protests
Protests in Brazil
Protests
Sports riots
Articles containing video clips


title: Givira durangona

text:
Givira durangona is a moth in the family Cossidae described by William Schaus in 1901. It is found in Mexico (Durango) and the United States, where it has been recorded from Colorado.

The wingspan is about 26 mm. The forewings are white with some dark points along the costa and a cluster of reddish-brown and black scales on the middle of the inner margin. The hindwings are white, covered with small indistinct grayish spots.

References

Givira
Moths described in 1901


title: Master of the View of Saint Gudula

text:
The Master of the View of Saint Gudula (active 1480 – 1499), was an Early Netherlandish painter active in Brussels in the last quarter of the 15th century.

Biography
He was born in Brussels and is known for portraits of prominent church patrons and other religious works.	His work is sometimes confused with that of other Antwerp or Brussels painters of his day.

References

1480 births
1499 deaths
Early Netherlandish painters
Painters from Brussels
View of Saint Gudula


title: Givira ethela

text:
Givira ethela is a moth in the family Cossidae. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from Arizona, California and Nevada.

Adults have been recorded on wing from July to August.

References

Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

Givira
Moths described in 1893


title: Millwood, Kansas

text:
Millwood is an unincorporated community in Leavenworth County, Kansas, United States.  It is part of the Kansas City metropolitan area.

History
A post office was opened in Millwood in 1871, and remained in operation until it was discontinued in 1904.

References

Further reading

External links
 Leavenworth County maps: Current, Historic, KDOT

Unincorporated communities in Leavenworth County, Kansas
Unincorporated communities in Kansas


title: Givira francesca

text:
Givira francesca is a moth in the family Cossidae. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from Alabama, Florida, Mississippi, North Carolina and South Carolina.

The wingspan is 22–27 mm. Adults have been recorded on wing year round.

The larvae bore in the bark of Pinus trunks.

References

Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

Givira
Moths described in 1909


title: Givira lucretia

text:
Givira lucretia is a moth in the family Cossidae first described by William Barnes and James Halliday McDunnough in 1913. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from Arizona, Texas and Wyoming.

The wingspan 23–28 mm. Adults have been recorded on wing from April to August.

References

Givira
Moths described in 1913


title: Givira rubida

text:
Givira rubida is a moth in the family Cossidae. It is found in French Guiana.

References

Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

Givira
Moths described in 1910


title: Givira sandelphon

text:
Givira sandelphon is a moth in the family Cossidae. It is found in Mexico.

References

Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

Givira
Moths described in 1912


title: Givira stypus

text:
Givira stypus is a moth in the family Cossidae. It is found in Panama.

References

Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

Givira
Moths described in 1942


title: Givira superquadra

text:
Givira superquadra is a moth in the family Cossidae. It is found in Guyana.

References

Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

Givira
Moths described in 1916


title: Givira talboti

text:
Givira talboti is a moth in the family Cossidae. It is found in Bolivia and Peru.

References

Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

Givira
Moths described in 1922


title: Givira triplex

text:
Givira triplex is a moth in the family Cossidae. It is found in Guyana.

References

Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

Givira
Moths described in 1905


title: Givira tucumanata

text:
Givira tucumanata is a moth in the family Cossidae. It is found in Argentina.

References

Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

Givira
Moths described in 1910


title: Shawn Layden

text:
Shawn Layden (born June 25, 1961) is an American businessman and was the Chairman of SIE Worldwide Studios. Previously, he served as the president and CEO of  Sony Interactive Entertainment America (SIEA), executive vice president and COO of Sony Network Entertainment International (SNEI).

Career
Layden joined Sony's corporate communications department in 1987 in Tokyo, Japan, and was the Communications Assistant for Sony co-founder Akio Morita for several years. Layden managed international software development at Sony Computer Entertainment's London Studio until 1999, when he became Vice President of Sony Computer Entertainment Europe. After serving almost nine years he became President of Sony Computer Entertainment Japan in October 2007, a position which he held until March 2010. In 2010, he was one of the founding members of Sony Network Entertainment International, serving as its Executive Vice President and COO.

In April 2014, Layden succeeded Jack Tretton as President and CEO of SCEA after Tretton stepped down from the position the previous month following a mutual agreement between Tretton and SCEA not to renew Tretton's contract. Following his appointment as President, Layden participated in Sony's conferences at E3 from 2014 to 2018.

In March 2018, Layden's role shifted to focus solely on Worldwide Studios, to "provide platform-defining content that helps drive the growth of SIE."

Sony announced on September 30, 2019 that Layden was stepping down from CEO of SIE Worldwide Studios. Journalists at the time believed this may have been due to a result of an internal power struggle with SIE President Jim Ryan over the further restructuring and globalization of SIE, However, in September 2021, Layden stated he retired due to exhaustion, believing the launch of the PlayStation 5 was a "good time to put the pin in my legacy."

Layden announced in September 2022 that he had joined Tencent Games as a strategic advisor.

Personal
Layden graduated from the University of Notre Dame in 1983 with a Bachelor of Arts in American Studies. He is proficient in Japanese.

References

1961 births
Living people
Sony Interactive Entertainment people
Sony people
American chief operating officers
Video game businesspeople
Notre Dame College of Arts and Letters alumni


title: Givira variabilis

text:
Givira variabilis is a moth in the family Cossidae. It is found in Argentina. It is also often known as mothra.

References

Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

Givira
Moths described in 1924


title: Givira vicunensis

text:
Givira vicunensis is a moth in the family Cossidae. It is found in Chile.

References

Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

Givira
Endemic fauna of Chile
Moths described in 1957


title: Filopaludina miveruensis

text:
Filopaludina miveruensis is a species of large freshwater snail with a gill and an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Viviparidae.

Distribution
This species has been reported from Vietnam, but there are doubts about the validity of this species. It may in fact be the African species Bellamya mweruensis.

References

Viviparidae


title: Bush mill

text:
Bush mill may refer to:
bush mill, a sawmill in the Australian bush
Bush Mill, a grist mill located in Scott County, Virginia
Bush Mill Railway
Bush Mill Stream Natural Area Preserve

See also

Bushmills (disambiguation)


title: Givira viletta

text:
Givira viletta is a moth in the family Cossidae. It is found in Brazil.

References

Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

Givira
Moths described in 1934


title: Givira v-nigra

text:
Givira v-nigra is a moth in the family Cossidae. It is found in Argentina.

References

Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

Givira
Moths described in 1924


title: Givira watsoni

text:
Givira watsoni is a moth in the family Cossidae. It was described by William Schaus in 1901 and is found in Brazil.

The wingspan is about 25 mm. The forewings are brown at the base, followed by a broad darker brown band, enclosing a small white spot. The median area is whitish, irrorated (sprinkled) with brown and crossed by a fine dark broken line. The hindwings are brown with traces of darker spots near the apex.

References

Givira
Moths described in 1901


title: Hypopta aethiops

text:
Hypopta aethiops is a moth in the family Cossidae. It is found in South America.

References

Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

Hypopta
Moths described in 1855


title: Hypopta albicosta

text:
Hypopta albicosta is a moth in the family Cossidae. It is found in Argentina.

References

Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

Hypopta
Moths described in 1923


title: Hypopta albipuncta

text:
Hypopta albipuncta is a moth in the family Cossidae. It is found in Guatemala.

The wingspan is about 25 mm. The forewings are pale brown, shading to whitish grey on the terminal third and with faint traces of darker striae. The inner margin is fringed with white and there is a white spot at the end of the cell, as well as paired dark points at the tips of the veins. The hindwings are whitish grey, but darker on the margins.

References

Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

Hypopta
Moths described in 1921


title: Valdostana

text:
The Valdostana is an Italian breed of domestic goat from the autonomous region of Valle d'Aosta in north-western Italy, from which it takes its name. It is characterised by large sabre-shaped horns, which it uses in combat in the traditional local sport of goat-fighting.

It is an endangered breed: its conservation status is listed in DAD-IS as 'critical'.

History

The Valdostana is a traditional regional breed of the autonomous region of Valle d'Aosta in north-western Italy, from which it takes its name. The earliest written documentation of it dates from 1917. It is reared particularly in the  and in the , and also in the Val Chiusella, the Valle di Locana and the Val di Susa in the upper Canavese, in the province of Turin, in Piemonte. It was in the past distributed in the Alpi Graie and Alpi Pennine.

It is one of the forty-three autochthonous Italian goat breeds of limited distribution for which a herd-book is kept by the Associazione Nazionale della Pastorizia, the Italian national association of sheep- and goat-breeders.

It is a rare breed: in 2007 its conservation status was listed by the FAO as 'critical'. At the end of 2013 the registered population was variously reported as 959 and as 856; in the 2020 the total number reported to DAD-IS was 71.

Characteristics

The Valdostana is a rustic solidly-built goat of Alpine type, well suited to the mountainous terrain of the region. There is considerable variation in the colour of the coat, which may be ashen, black, brown, or dark grey with some blond hair. The horns in both sexes are sabre-shaped and large; this may be partly the result of selective breeding by farmers to improve the fighting ability of the animals.

Use

The Valdostana is kept both for meat, which is consumed both fresh and preserved in the form of goat salame, of Motsetta or of Violino di Capra; and for milk, which is used for cheese-making. A study in 2002 found the average milk yield to be  in 197 days.

It is much used in the traditional sport of goat-fighting, the . Since 1998 this sport has been regulated by the Association Comité Régional Batailles des Chèvres, which organises an annual regional championship.

References

Goat breeds
Dairy goat breeds
Goat breeds originating in Italy


title: Hypopta amundasa

text:
Hypopta amundasa is a moth in the family Cossidae first described by Herbert Druce in 1890. It is found in Ecuador.

The forewings are reddish pink with a dark brown base and outer margin. The wing is thickly streaked with minute black lines. The hindwings are dark brown, with a red spot close to the anal angle.

References

Hypopta
Moths described in 1890


title: Hypopta aquila

text:
Hypopta aquila is a moth in the family Cossidae. It is found in Colombia.

References

Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

Hypopta
Moths described in 1916


title: Hypopta caestoides

text:
Hypopta caestoides is a moth in the family Cossidae. It is found in Brazil.

References

Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

Hypopta
Moths described in 1853


title: Hypopta centrosoma

text:
Hypopta centrosoma is a moth in the family Cossidae. It is found in Mexico.

References

Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

Hypopta
Moths described in 1925


title: Bob Brown (newspaper publisher)

text:
Robert Lloyd "Bob" Brown (1930 – June 8, 1984) was an American publisher of the Las Vegas Valley Times from 1973 to 1984. Prior to this, he had served as a correspondent in Asia for the United Press and as a journalist in Alaska and Arkansas. He was also editor of the Las Vegas Review-Journal, a speech-writer for Paul Laxalt, editor of the Tucson Daily American, editor and publisher of the Lacey Leader (in Washington state) and chairman of the Nevada State Tax Commission.

Valley Times

On November 1, Brown purchased the Valley Times through his newly formed Las Vegas Valley Publishing Company.  He then hired longtime Las Vegas journalists A.D. Hopkins and Bruce Hasley to lead his staff.  The Valley Times aimed to cover the gaming industry heavily, viewing it as the political and business core of the Vegas community.  Brown hired reporters to dig deep into the industry and top reporter Ned Day uncovered mob connections at the Argent-owned casinos of Stardust, Fremont, and Hacienda, which were run by Frank Rosenthal.  He also uncovered Kansas City-based mob connections at Tropicana. Under Brown's leadership, the Valley Times became a "must read" for politicians and the gaming industry, despite its circulation being dwarfed by Las Vegas' other two daily papers.

During the 1970s, the Valley Times entered into financial trouble.  In an effort to keep the paper afloat, Brown sold his credibility to the mob.  According to a 1979 expose by the Reno Evening Gazette, Brown switched the paper's editorial position in 1976 from criticizing the state government for not being hard enough on Rosenthal to supporting him.  Governor Robert List accused Brown of attempting to extort him by promising to withhold unfavorable stories in exchange for a gaming license for Rosenthal.  Brown denied the charge and List declined to aid the FBI in investigating the accusation.  Brown also became involved in a fake advertising scheme that allowed Argent to launder money from its casinos back to the Chicago mob.  Brown admit his involvement in the scheme, saying he participated to keep his paper in business. He later testified against ad man Jerry May who organized the scheme, and the prosecutor of the case called Brown "a pillar of the community."

Brown stopped paying payroll taxes.  By July 1982, the paper owed $200,000 in back taxes and the IRS seized control of Times assets, including its buildings and printing presses.  In 1983, Brown pleaded guilty to filing a false tax return in 1976 and underreporting both personal and corporate income in 1976 and 1977.  Although he won the paper's assets back in court, Brown was not able to turn around the struggling business before his death.

Death and legacy
Brown died on June 8, 1984. The U.S. Bankruptcy Court trustee closed the Valley Times two weeks later, with the final issue being published on June 22.

Stan Hunterton, who prosecuted the Argent mob case, remarked in 1984 that Brown "has devoted a large measure of his life to the public affairs of this state when any number of other pursuits would have been easier and more financially rewarding."  Writing for the Las Vegas Review-Journal in 2013, reporter Jane Ann Morrison reminisced, "Brown was one of those newsmen praised even today as lovable and a magnificent journalist."

References

1930 births
1984 deaths
20th-century American newspaper publishers (people)
Editors of Nevada newspapers
Journalists from California
People from Glendale, California
20th-century American newspaper editors
American male journalists


title: Hypopta cinerea

text:
Hypopta cinerea is a moth in the family Cossidae. It is found in Costa Rica.

References

Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

Hypopta
Moths described in 1911


title: Hypopta clymene

text:
Hypopta clymene is a moth in the family Cossidae. It is found in Guatemala.

The wingspan is about 40 mm. The costal margin of the forewings is pale buff with some black striae. The base and medial space below the cell to the inner margin is brown, with some fuscous
lines on the inner margin and a larger subbasal black spot on the costa. The hindwings are dark grey with a whitish costa.

References

Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

Hypopta
Moths described in 1921


title: Hypopta corrientina

text:
Hypopta corrientina is a moth in the family Cossidae. It is found in Argentina.

References

Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

Hypopta
Moths described in 1882


title: Ratchadaphisek Road

text:
Ratchadaphisek Road (, ), also known as Bangkok Inner Ring Road () is a major road in Bangkok, Thailand. Conceived in 1971 and opened in 1976, it connects earlier portions including Asok Montri, Wong Sawang and Charan Sanitwong Roads to form the city's inner ring road system. The road's name comes from the celebration 25th year of a monarch's reign of King Bhumibol Adulyadej.

Ratchadaphisek Road crosses major traffic arteries such as Sukhumvit Road and Sirat Expressway.

Ratchadaphisek entertainment district
The Ratchadaphisek district stretches from the junction with Rama IX Road to the one with Sutthisan Winitchai Road. It is a well-known entertainment area, including shopping complexes such as The Esplanade, cinema complexes such as Major Cineplex, a night bazaar, and night markets as well as love hotels.

Along with Royal City Avenue (RCA) and Patpong, portions of the district are designated as "entertainment zones" and thus allowed to remain open until 02:00.

Ratchadaphisek MRT station
The Ratchadaphisek MRT station is in a northern section of Ratchadaphisek Road, in the Din Daeng district.

References

See also
 Ratchadaphisek MRT station
 Suan Lum Night Bazaar Ratchadaphisek
 The Esplanade (Bangkok)

Streets in Bangkok


title: Nelson D. Cole

text:
Nelson D. Cole (1833–1899), was a United States army officer, businessman, and politician from Rhinebeck, New York.

Early life
Cole was born on November 18, 1833, in Rhinebeck, New York. He was raised and educated in Rhinebeck and then worked at a lumberyard in New York City.

Cole also supervised the building of a sugarcane mill in Cuba.

In 1854, he moved to St. Louis, Missouri, and lived there working in a lumberyard.

Civil War
At the beginning of the American Civil War, Cole volunteered for the Union Army. He became the captain of Company A, 5th Missouri Volunteer Infantry (3 months, 1861). While in this organization, he was severely wounded at the Battle of Wilson's Creek on August 10, 1861. Cole then served as a captain in the 1st Missouri Volunteer Infantry Regiment (3 Years Organization).

He commanded Battery E, 1st Missouri Light Artillery at the Siege of Vicksburg.

He was promoted to major on August 12, 1863, and to lieutenant colonel on October 4, 1863.

In 1863, Cole was promoted to colonel of the 2nd Missouri Light Artillery Regiment.

Indian Wars
At the end of the Civil War in 1865, Cole and eight batteries of his 2nd Missouri Artillery were sent to Omaha, Nebraska. There, he assumed command of the right, or eastern, column of the Powder River Expedition, which was to be a military expedition against the Sioux and Cheyenne Indians in the Montana and Dakota Territories.

Cole's column, which consisted mostly of cavalry and mounted artillery, started northwest on July 1, and crossed through present-day Nebraska and South Dakota, before reaching the Powder River in Montana in late August 1865. At that time, Cole's men were low on supplies, and on September 1 they began skirmishing with Indian warriors who attacked the column.

In early September, Cole began a withdrawal toward Fort Laramie, and was forced to abandon his wagons after hundreds of the columns' horses died, fighting the Powder River Battles along the way. The other columns encountered similar results, and the Powder River Expedition was deemed a failure.

On November 18, 1865 (his 32nd birthday), Cole was mustered out of the Union Army.

Later life
Cole moved back to St. Louis and continued in the lumber business, eventually owning a planing mill.

In 1868, with his business partner, Stephen Glass, Cole opened the Cole and Glass Manufacturing Company.

Cole served on the St. Louis Board of Aldermen for six years, and was also a commissioner for the city's Lafayette Park.

Spanish–American War service
In May 1898, after the outbreak of the Spanish–American War, Cole was commissioned a brigadier general in the United States Army by President William McKinley, and he applied for active service in Cuba or the Philippines. He was instead assigned to command the 3rd Brigade, 2nd Division, Second Army Corps. The brigade was composed of four volunteer infantry regiments, the 1st Rhode Island Volunteer Infantry, 1st Delaware Volunteer Infantry, 2nd Tennessee Volunteer Infantry, and the 3rd Missouri Volunteer Infantry; it saw no action in the war. During the winter of 1898–99, while in command of his brigade at Columbia, South Carolina, Cole developed a serious cold. He was mustered out of the service of the United States for the last time in March 1899.

Death
Cole died from complications of his illness on July 31, 1899, in St. Louis. He is buried in the Bellefontain Cemetery, in north St. Louis.

References

1833 births
1899 deaths
19th-century American businesspeople
19th-century American politicians
American company founders
American expatriates in Cuba
American military personnel of the Spanish–American War
Burials at Bellefontaine Cemetery
 Businesspeople from New York City
 Businesspeople from St. Louis
Members of the St. Louis Board of Aldermen
Military personnel from New York City
Military personnel from St. Louis
People of Missouri in the American Civil War
People of New York (state) in the American Civil War
People from Rhinebeck, New York
Politicians from New York City
Union Army officers
United States Army generals
United States Army personnel of the Indian Wars


title: Gorybia pusilla

text:
Gorybia pusilla is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Bates in 1870.

References

Piezocerini
Beetles described in 1870


title: Gorybia quadrispinosa

text:
Gorybia quadrispinosa is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Galileo and Martins in 2008.

References

Piezocerini
Beetles described in 2008


title: Gorybia ruficauda

text:
Gorybia ruficauda is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Gounelle in 1909.

References

Piezocerini
Beetles described in 1909


title: Gorybia simplicior

text:
Gorybia simplicior is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Henry Walter Bates in 1870.

References

Piezocerini
Beetles described in 1870