title: James L. Powell

text:
James Lawrence Powell (born July 17, 1936) is an American geologist, writer, former college president and museum director. He chaired the geology department at Oberlin College later serving as its provost and president. Powell also served as president of Franklin & Marshall College as well as Reed College. Following his positions in higher education, Powell presided over the Franklin Institute and the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles.

Powell served 12 years on the National Science Board and recently retired as executive director of Graduate Fellowships for Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics Diversity.

His book, Night Comes to the Cretaceous, explores the scientific debate regarding dinosaur extinction. In Four Revolutions in the Earth Sciences, Powell addresses dinosaur extinction in addition to three other scientific debates: deep time, continental drift and global warming.

Powell has posited that the scientific consensus on global warming nears universality and he actively counters climate change denialism in his research and other publications.

Education
Powell earned a BA degree in 1958 from Berea College, a private liberal arts college located in Powell's home town of Berea, Kentucky. Powell then received a PhD in Geochemistry from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1962.

Career
Powell began his career at Oberlin College in 1962 where he held the position of chair of the geology department from 1965 to 1973. He became the associate dean of arts and science in 1973, then vice president and provost in 1975. After serving two years as a visiting administrator at Stanford University, Powell returned to Oberlin to serve as its acting president from 1981 to 1983.

Following a 20-year career at Oberlin, Powell served as president of Franklin and Marshall College from 1983 to 1988, then president of Reed College from 1988 to 1991. Powell left academia to preside over the Franklin Institute (1991-1994) followed by the National History Museum of Los Angeles (1994-2001). Since 2001, Powell has been serving as the executive director of the National Physical Science Consortium.

Powell served 12 years on the National Science Board first appointed by Ronald Reagan in 1986 and serving as its vice chair in 1990.

In 2015, Powell was named a fellow for the Committee for Skeptical Inquiry. He resigned in March 2022 in protest against the publication of an article in Skeptical Inquirer by CSI fellow Mark Boslough regarding the Bunch et al. Tall el-Hammam airburst paper,, which had been based on research funded by the Comet Research Group (CRG) and authored primarily by its members. He stated that it "violates nearly every tenet of proper skepticism" as defined by CSICOP and CSI, citing CSI-co-founder and executive council member Ray Hyman.

Boslough has provided documentation that he had informed Powell before publication of Powell’s book and paper that CRG founder and leader Allen West (correspondence author of Bunch et al,2020) had been convicted of fraud.  Powell failed to disclose this misconduct in his publications.

On February 15, 2023, the following editor’s note was posted on the Bunch et al paper, "Readers are alerted that concerns raised about the data presented and the conclusions of this article are being considered by the Editors. A further editorial response will follow the resolution of these issues."

Debate on climate change consensus

Powell has researched the scientific consensus view of anthropogenic global warming (AGW) in a series of studies evaluating the peer-reviewed literature. In 2012, Powell reviewed 13,950 peer-reviewed publications between 1991 and 2012 with "global warming” or “global climate change" as keywords. Evaluating this dataset, Powell showed a 99.97% scientific consensus view supporting AGW. In 2016, Powell duplicated this method on articles published during 2013 and 2014. In this set, Powell found a 99.99% consensus "verging on unanimity" by the scientific community.

While agreeing that the consensus on AGW is high, other scientists argued ca 2010-2013 that the consensus is closer to 97%.  The debate centers around the selection of scientific papers identified as supporting AGW and therefore included in the study. For example, in their 2013 study, Cook et al. excluded 66.4% of the papers examined because the abstracts did not endorse AGW either explicitly or implicitly. Powell reviewed the abstracts of hundreds of articles on plate tectonics, evolution, and impact cratering to show that scientists almost never directly affirm the ruling paradigm of their discipline. On that basis, Powell included papers in the study as long as the abstracts did not explicitly reject AGW.

Powell has further argued that the extent of the scientific consensus is important. In The Consensus on Anthropogenic Warming Matters Powell argues that the "stronger the public believe the consensus to be, the more they support the action on global warming that human society so desperately needs." This metastudy included 54,195 publications from five earlier studies by Powell and others demonstrating that the scientific consensus on AGW is 99.94%.

In November 2019, Powell published "Scientists Reach 100% Consensus on Anthropogenic Global Warming." He reviewed over 11,600 peer-reviewed articles published in the first seven months of 2019 but found none that rejected anthropogenic global warming.

Views and scientific activism
Powell has encouraged scientists to do more than publish in scientific journals. "I think it’s time for scientists to get up from the lab bench and speak out." Concerning the consequences of global warming, Powell said: "I want my grandchildren to be able to say... he did something. He tried to do something."

There is no scientific debate regarding the existence of AGW according to Powell. Through his research and other publications Powell has criticized politicians and others who defy the scientific consensus by denying AGW.

In a 2014 editorial, Powell urged the university presidents of Brown University and Harvard University to change course by divesting their institutions from fossil fuels. A New York Times editorial co-authored by Powell and Michael E. Mann recommended that the American Museum of Natural History remove Rebekah Mercer from their board as her family foundation supported climate change denialism.

In a self-published 2020 book, Powell defended the controversial Younger Dryas impact hypothesis which has been rejected by the mainstream scientific community. In 2022 he published a paper in the journal Scientific Progress, writing that this scientific rejection was premature. His concerns have been critiqued in a comprehensive review of the literature on this subject

Recognition
Powell is the recipient of several honorary degrees. Oberlin College awarded Powell an honorary doctorate of science in 1983. The Tohoku Gakuin University of Japan honored Powell with a Doctor of Humane Letters in 1986. Beaver College and Berea College (his alma mater) have also honored Powell with honorary degrees.

The minor planet, 9739 Powell, discovered by Carolyn Shoemaker, was named for Powell in 1987.

Books

 (Amazon Kindle book)

References

External links

1936 births
Living people
American environmentalists
American geologists
Berea College alumni
Franklin Institute
Massachusetts Institute of Technology School of Science alumni
Oberlin College faculty
People from Berea, Kentucky
Presidents of Franklin & Marshall College
Presidents of Reed College


title: Mary Pollock Grant

text:
Mary Pollock Grant (2 December 1876 - August 1957), also known as Marion Pollock, was a Scottish suffragette, Liberal Party politician, missionary and policewoman.

Early life and work
Grant was born in Partick, Glasgow, the eldest daughter of Dr Charles Martin Grant, the minister of St Mark's parish church in Dundee, and his wife,
Eliza (Muirhead) Grant.
 She was educated at the High School of Dundee and in Nordausques, France. She worked as a Church of Scotland missionary in Scotland and from 1905 she became an educational Missionary in India.

Women's rights
In 1911, after returning to Scotland from India she worked for women's rights in Dundee as a member of the militant Women's Social and Political Union. In December 1912 she was imprisoned at Perth Prison for smuggling herself with others into the Music Hall Aberdeen. They had intended to disrupt a Liberal meeting with the then Chancellor of the Exchequer,  David Lloyd George. She was imprisoned at Perth under the name Marion Pollock.

Throughout 1913 and 1914 she campaigned including speaking against the 'Cat and Mouse Act' and force-feeding of women to a public meeting at the Wallace Statue, in Aberdeen, wrote many letters to the press and was regularly removed from public meetings for being disruptive,  again in the Music Hall Aberdeen, she planned to disrupt Irish M.P, T.P. O'Connor, but was not allowed in. On another occasion, disguised in widow's tweeds and glasses, she managed to get into a Labour meeting held by Ramsay MacDonald in the Gilfillan Memorial Hall, but was roughly dragged out by eight burly men – an onlooker describes this as "one of the strongest arguments for women’s suffrage that I have ever seen."

World War I
At the outbreak of war in 1914 she enlisted as a nurse with the Voluntary Aid Detachment at Caird Hospital, Dundee. In 1916 she joined Margaret Damer Dawson's Women Police Service, working first in a munitions factory and then serving in London as a Constable, then a Sergeant and, by 1918,  had reached the rank of Sub-Inspector. She left the organisation at the end of the war.

Political career
After the war Grant became involved in politics and joined the Liberal party. To go from suffragette to policewoman to Liberal politician was a path also trodden by Mary Sophia Allen. By 1922, she was spending much of her time as a public lecturer on politics and social problems. She was then selected as a David Lloyd George supporting Liberal candidate for Leeds South East constituency for the general election. Her opponent was the sitting Labour MP James O'Grady, who had been returned unopposed in 1918. As there was no Unionist candidate she polled a strong vote but did not win.

After the Lloyd George and H. H. Asquith wings of the Liberals re-united, she stood as Liberal candidate in Pontefract, where the Liberal candidate had come third in 1922. Once again it was a three-cornered contest and Grant was unable to avoid a squeeze on the Liberal vote;

She did not contest the 1924 General Election. By July 1928 she was selected as Liberal candidate for Salford West, another Labour/Unionist marginal where the Liberals were not expected to do that well. She again finished third.

Later life
In the 1930s she became a Christian Scientist and worked as a healer for 20 years. She undertook civil defence work in London during the Second World War. In 1953 she was disabled by a stroke. She died in August 1957 in Tunbridge Wells.

References

1957 deaths
1876 births
People educated at the High School of Dundee
Liberal Party (UK) parliamentary candidates
Scottish suffragists
Scottish suffragettes


title: Rithy

text:
Rithy (,  ) is a Khmer name meaning "strength". It can be used as a given name or a surname. Notable people with the name include:

Given name
Chan Rithy (born 1983), Cambodian footballer
Chhoen Rithy (born 1965), Cambodian artist
Sok Rithy (born 1990), Cambodian footballer

Surname
Hab Rithy (born 1991), English teacher
Rithy Panh (born 1964), Cambodian filmmaker

Khmer-language names


title: Yekaterina Malysheva

text:
Yekaterina Aleksandrovna Malysheva (, born 28 January 1987 in Chelyabinsk, Soviet Union) is a Russian speed skater. She competed at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, and at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi.

References

External links

1987 births
Living people
Speed skaters at the 2014 Winter Olympics
Russian female speed skaters
Olympic speed skaters for Russia
Speed skaters at the 2010 Winter Olympics
Sportspeople from Chelyabinsk
Universiade medalists in speed skating
Universiade silver medalists for Russia
Speed skaters at the 2007 Winter Universiade


title: Cladrastis clade

text:
The Cladrastis clade is a monophyletic clade of the flowering plant subfamily Faboideae (or Papilionaceae) that is found in eastern Asia and southern North America. It is consistently resolved in molecular phylogenies and is sister to the Meso-Papilionoideae. Evidence for the existence of this clade was first proposed based on morphological (floral), cytological, and biochemical evidence. It is predicted to have diverged from the other legume lineages 47.4±2.6 million years ago (in the Eocene).

Description
This clade is composed of three genera: Cladrastis, the monotypic Pickeringia, and Styphnolobium. Fossils of species of Cladrastis and Styphnolobium have been discovered. The name of this clade is informal and is not assumed to have any particular taxonomic rank like the names authorized by the ICBN or the ICPN. The clade is defined as:"The most inclusive crown clade containing Cladrastis kentukea (Dum. Cours.) Rudd 1971 but not Dermatophyllum secundiflorum (Ortega) Gandhi & Reveal 2011 or Swartzia simplex Spreng. 1825."

References

External links
 The Cladrastis clade at the Tree of Life

Cladrastis clade
Plant unranked clades


title: Along the Way (disambiguation)

text:
Along the Way is the first live concert DVD from punk band Bad Religion.

Along the Way may also refer to:

Film and TV
Along the Way (TV series), 1974 Canadian children's TV

Music
Along the Way, a 2003 album by Brian Hughes
Along the Way (Colbie Caillat album), 2023
Along the Way, a 1997 album by Jon Gordon
Along the Way (Mark McGuire album), 2014
Along the Way, a 2007 album by Tom Langford
Ward One: Along the Way, a 1990 album by Bill Ward
"Along the Way", a 1970 song by The Association
"Along the Way", a 2022 song by Demon Hunter, from the album Exile
"Along the Way", a 2002 song by Mushroomhead, bonus track from the album XIII


title: Shukseb Jetsun Chönyi Zangmo

text:
Shukseb Jetsunma Chönyi Zangmo (1865–1953) was the most well known of the yoginis in the 1900s, and was considered an incarnation of Machig Lapdron. She was the abbess of Shukseb nunnery, and was a Nyingma Tibetan Buddhist teacher. She made the nunnery once again into a center for the special teachings of the Shugseb Kagyu. The nunnery still exists in Tibet today, and in fact is one of its most active nunneries.

Family

Life as a Chod Practitioner and Wandering Yogini

Teachers

Students

Nunneries

References

Books and articles
A full story of Shugsep Jetsun’s life is available as “The Story of a Tibetan Yogini: Shungsep [sic] Jetsun 1852-1953” prepared by Kim Yeshi and Acharya Tashi Tsering with the assistance of Sally Davenport and Dorjey Tseten, pp. 130-143, Chö Yang, 1991
Shugsep Jetsun, the Story of a Tibetan Yogini  https://tnp.org/shugsep-jetsun-the-story-of-a-tibetan-yogini/
Havnevik, Hanna. (2005) “Ani Lochen”. Encyclopedia of Religion. Second Edition. Ed. Lindsay Jones. New York: Macmillan.  http://www.hf.uio.no/ikos/english/people/aca/hannah/
Havnevik, Hanna (1999) The Life of Jetsun Lochen Rinpoche (1865-1951) as Told in Her Autobiography. Acta Humaniora, Faculty of Arts, University of Oslo. Dissertation for the degree Dr. philos. 1999.
Havnevik, Hanna (1998) “On Pilgrimage for Forty Years in the Himalayas. The Female Lama Jetsun Lochen Rinpoche’s (1865-1951) Quest for Sacred Sites.” In Pilgrimage in Tibet. Ed. Alex McKay. Richmond: Curzon Press. (pp. 85-107)

Tibetan Buddhists from Tibet
1852 births
1953 deaths
Nyingma lamas
Rinpoches
20th-century lamas
Vajrayana and women
Samding Dorje Phagmos


title: Nerdfighteria

text:
Nerdfighteria is a mainly online-based community subculture that originated on YouTube in 2007, when the VlogBrothers (John and Hank Green) rose to prominence in the YouTube community. As their popularity grew, so did coverage on Nerdfighteria, whose followers are individually known as Nerdfighters. The term was coined when John saw a copy of the arcade game Aero Fighters and misread the title as Nerd Fighters.

Hank Green describes it as "a community that sprung up around our videos, and basically we just get together and try to do awesome things and have a good time and fight against world suck". He defines "world suck" as "the amount of suck in the world". The Greens established The Foundation to Decrease World Suck, in order to raise funds and launch projects that would help a variety of causes. Nerdfighters believe in fighting world suck, promoting education, freedom of speech and the use of the intellect in modern society. Nerdfighters and the Green brothers have collaborated on many projects such as the charitable drive, Project for Awesome which launched in 2007, and VidCon, the convention focusing on topics surrounding the world of digital media. Nerdfighters have been documented by websites such as The Hollywood Reporter, and The Wall Street Journal, with a following estimated to be in the millions.

Community topics
Nerdfighteria is known for its online collaborative nature: forums, spinoff blogs, meet-ups, and charitable events have been spawned by its members. Instances of the community collaborating can be observed in the creation of college campus groups at universities such as the University of Maryland, Texas Christian University, the University of British Columbia, and the University of California, Los Angeles. Another Nerdfighter club was founded at Auburn University, in which the members have stated their desire to do charity work with The Humane Society and This Star Won't Go Out.

The Nerdfighter subculture was able to force the release of the novel The Fault in Our Stars five months early. Additionally, safety concerns caused by 5,000 fans crowding the stage at the 2014 Q&A tour at the Dolphin Mall caused the event to be shut down early.

Symbols and terminology

A prominent symbol in Nerdfighter culture is a double-handed gesture with crossed arms, with both hands in a v-symbol, similar to Star Trek's "Vulcan salute". Celebrities such as actor Benedict Cumberbatch and Olympian Jennifer Pinches have been documented demonstrating Nerdfighter hand gestures. The symbol has been referred to as a Nerdfighter "gang sign" or a "salute". Additionally, the initialism "DFTBA", standing for "Don't Forget To Be Awesome", is generally considered the motto of the community.

"World suck" is another word included in the Nerdfighter vocabulary, which refers to unfavorable things that occur in the world. To decrease "world suck", the Greens founded a charitable non-profit organization, in which Nerdfighters collaborate to promote social activism.

Pizza John, a graphic representation of a mustachioed John accompanied by the word "Pizza", is a long-standing inside joke and symbol within Nerdfighteria. On December 1, 2009, John uploaded a video called Shaving for Pakistan in which he had a mustache for the last two seconds. Nerdfighter Valerie Barr used this image to create the original Pizza John, a monochrome image of mustachioed John on a red background with the word "Pizza" underneath in sans serif font. This image was made available as a t-shirt in 2010, and it remains DFTBA Records' bestselling shirt. Over the years, Pizza John has been remixed by community members in a variety of graphic styles and mediums. Pizzamas is an annual community holiday and charity event that celebrates Pizza John.

Meetups and events

The collaborative nature of the Nerdfighter community has resulted in meetups, sometimes involving the Green brothers. In 2008, the Greens held an event in Chicago, which proved to be a turning point for both the Green brothers, as well as Nerdfighteria. Hank recalled the event as the first time he could sell his music, as well as a precursor for DFTBA Records. John added to his brother's comments, stating, "This was also the first time I met Rosianna, who is now my assistant, and the first time we really understood the power of nerdfighter gatherings, and it happened at the Chicago Public Library, one of the first places to get behind my novels in a big institution-wide way, and wow, what an important day in our lives." The event would be the first of several meetups within the community, as the Greens founded VidCon, which was first held in 2010, attracting 1,400 in attendance.

In February 2017, the NerdCon: Nerdfighteria convention was held in Boston to celebrate Nerdfighteria's 10th anniversary. The event included panels, live podcast recordings, signings, and music performances.

Annual Nerdfighter Census
In 2013, Hank Green began an annual "Nerdfighter Census". The census survey is hosted on SurveyMonkey, and its results are analyzed by Hank.

In 2014, over 100,000 people filled out the survey. Hank discovered that 72% of the responders were female, 85% are non-Hispanic white, as well as mostly American between the ages of 13 and 30.

In 2021, the survey had 149,308 respondents. Hank commented that Nerdfighteria has gotten older, with about 25% of respondents over the age of 30 (compared to 5% in 2014).

Charity events and activism

A key component of the Nerdfighter community is the involvement with charity events and fan activism. Events such as Project for Awesome, have allowed a way for Nerdfighter involvement with charitable actions.

Nerdfighters work closely with another group that promotes community activism, the Harry Potter Alliance. Nerdfighteria and HPA were able to raise $123,000 for Partners in Health, enough to send five cargo planes to Haiti, as a way to assist the citizens of Haiti following the 2010 earthquake.

Kiva.org Nerdfighters
Nerdfighters are the third largest community of lenders to Kiva.org, a non-profit organization which helps people lacking access to traditional banking systems by granting loans to them.

Various instances of micro loans from Nerdfighters funding entrepreneurs in developing countries have been documented. Overall as of November 2022, more than 44,000 Nerdfighters have loaned a total amount of $20.2 million, ranking #4 all-time across all teams on Kiva.org. Exercising the interactive nature of the community, the Greens made a deal of sorts with Nerdfighteria: to have the community reach over $1 million in funds donated to Kiva before the Greens reached 1,000 videos on their VlogBrothers channel. Nerdfighters were able to accomplish this feat.

Project for Awesome

A major event in the Nerdfighter community is Project for Awesome. The event, initially known as the "Nerdfighter Power Project for Awesome", launched in 2007, and occurred annually in December until it was moved to February in 2022; the 2020 iteration was cancelled due to the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. On the topic of the overwhelming amounts the event has been able to raise, Hank has stated "YouTube was caught pretty off guard by the first P4A, but ever since then they've been hugely supportive." During Project for Awesome, people post videos advocating for worthy charities, and the Nerdfighter community votes for the charities they believe are most deserving of funding.

In 2014, this system was modified so that money raised on the first day goes to Save the Children and Partners in Health, and money raised on the second day goes to the community chosen organizations. This change was enacted so that wealthy charities feel comfortable donating to P4A and to ensure that some charities are reputable charities who are known to do a great deal of good. The first-day recipients in the 2015 campaign were Save the Children and the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees.

AFC Wimbledon
Aside from charity drives, Nerdfighteria also offers funding and support for AFC Wimbledon, a fourth-tier football club in England. Ad revenue from John's videos on the Green brothers' YouTube gaming channel, Hankgames, go to sponsoring and supporting the football club.

In January 2014, John Green became an official sponsor of the club, and later in the year the Greens' sponsorship led to a Nerdfighter logo design, with the DFTBA catchphrase being featured on the club's kits. In 2015, AFC Wimbledon was drawn to play a match against Liverpool F.C., who John has been a longtime fan of. Green flew to London to spectate the game in person. One of the spectator stands at Wimbledon's now-former stadium, Kingsmeadow, was named after John at the start of the 2015–16 season.

In April 2016, John announced he would be making a "docudrama" with "comedic moments" about the story of AFC Wimbledon, set to be distributed by 20th Century Fox.

This Star Won't Go Out and Esther Day

Another non-profit foundation associated with the community is This Star Won't Go Out, founded by Wayne and Lori Earl, in memory of their daughter, Esther. The name of the foundation stems from the fact that "Esther" means "star" in Persian. The program itself provides funds and assistance to families of children with cancer. Esther Earl was diagnosed with thyroid cancer in 2006, and, before her death in 2010, developed a bond with the VlogBrothers and the Nerdfighter community. John Green and Earl met and bonded at a Harry Potter conference in 2009. She would be involved with Nerdfighteria and YouTube, as she was a vlogging personality, until her death on August 25, 2010, at the age of 16.

Shortly before her death, on August 2, 2010, the day before her 16th birthday, John uploaded a video in preparation for "Esther Day", which would be celebrated the following day. Earl stated she wanted the day to be about "family and love". Two days following her death, the VlogBrothers made a video titled Rest In Awesome, Esther, remembering her and all of her contributions to the Nerdfighter community, as well as the world. Nerdfighteria continues to keep her memory alive through her foundation, as well as Esther Day, which is celebrated each year on August 3. John Green states that Esther Day is the "most important holiday in Nerdfighteria," and that Esther, herself, has become a hero in the community.

Earl would later be known as an inspiration for the main character Hazel in John Green's novel The Fault in Our Stars, as well as its film adaptation.

Pizzamas
Pizzamas is a two-week community holiday and charity event that takes place each year in September. Limited-edition Pizza John-themed merchandise becomes available on pizzamas.com, including many t-shirts designed by independent artists. Other Pizzamas merchandise has included stickers, blankets, rugs, guitar picks, tote bags, LED "neon" signs, and Chizza John (a decorative planter inspired by Chia Pet). Starting in 2014, John and Hank also started celebrating Pizzamas by making videos back and forth every weekday like they did during Brotherhood 2.0.

Since its inception in 2008, proceeds from Pizzamas merchandise have raised about a million dollars for charitable causes.

Tuberculosis Activism and TBfighters
In July 2023, John enlisted the help of Nerdfighteria in a campaign to persuade pharmaceutical company Johnson & Johnson (J&J) to allow generic versions of the tuberculosis drug bedaquiline to be produced, allowing increased global access to the drug. The campaign was successful, and public pressure from the community caused J&J to announce their deal with the Stop TB Partnership a week earlier than originally planned.

In September 2023, John asked the community to organize in support of the "Time for 5" campaign started by Doctors Without Borders and the public health community four years prior. The campaign calls for Cepheid, an American molecular diagnostics company owned by Danaher Corporation, to lower the cost of their test cartridges, which are used to detect diseases including tuberculosis. Some members of the Nerdfighter community created a central website called TBfighters, and members of the community called the corporate office, sent emails and letters, and posted graphics and memes on social media urging Danaher to lower their costs. One week later, Cepheid and Danaher announced a 20% price reduction for one of their TB test cartridges in high TB-burden countries, although the test used to diagnose the most severe form of TB remains at the same price.(19 September 2023). MSF: TB test price reduction by Cepheid and Danaher is a step in the right direction, Doctors Without Borders

References

Articles containing video clips
Green brothers
Internet-based activism
Internet-related activism
Internet culture
Nerd culture
Subcultures
2000s in Internet culture
2010s in Internet culture
2020s in Internet culture


title: Meas

text:
Meas ( ) is a Khmer name meaning "gold". It can be used as a given name or a surname. Notable people with the name include:

Surname
Meas Samon (), Cambodian rock singer and comedian
Meas Kheng (born 1946), Cambodian sprinter
Meas Sophea (born 1955), Cambodian general
Sam Meas (born ), Cambodian-born American politician

Given name
Keo Meas (1926–1976), Cambodian communist politician

Khmer-language names


title: Life After Death (The Creepshow album)

text:
Life After Death is the fourth full-length album by Burlington, Ontario's The Creepshow released by Stomp Records, and the first to feature new band members Kenda Legapsi, Sandro Sanchioni and Daniel Flamm.  The album was released on October 22, 2013 on cd, download and both black and white vinyl editions - the latter being a European exclusive.

Track listing
 "See You In Hell" - 3:25
 "The Devil's Son" - 2:50
 "Sinners + Saints" - 3:04
 "Born To Lose" - 2:42
 "Settle The Score" - 2:44
 "Failing Grade" - 3:14
 "Second Chance" - -2:44
 "Last Call" - 2:52
 "Take It Away" - 2:45
 "Can't Wait To See You Fall" - 2:45
 "Life After Death" - 2:55

External links
thecreepshow.org

2013 albums
The Creepshow albums


title: Tracy Dawson

text:
Tracy Dawson is a Canadian actress, comedian and writer. She is best known for her role as Meghan Fitzpatrick in Call Me Fitz, for which she won the Gemini Award for Best Lead Actress in a Comedy Series or Program at the 2011 Gemini Awards. She won the same award at the 2nd Canadian Screen Awards. She has lived in Los Angeles since 2006 and gained American citizenship in 2015.

Career
An alumna of The Second City's Toronto company, her other credits include The Gavin Crawford Show, Wild Card, Duct Tape Forever, SketchCom and an appearance as a guest anchor on This Hour Has 22 Minutes in 2006. She also portrayed Deimata, Skylar's personal monster from the 2012 Disney Channel Original Movie, Girl vs. Monster.

Dawson wrote the stage play Them & Us, which premiered at Theatre Passe Muraille in 2009. She has also written for Call Me Fitz, SketchCom, Single White Spenny, and Your Family or Mine.

Filmography

Film

Television

References

External links

Canadian film actresses
Canadian television actresses
Canadian stage actresses
Canadian television personalities
Canadian women comedians
21st-century Canadian actresses
21st-century Canadian dramatists and playwrights
Canadian women dramatists and playwrights
Canadian television writers
Actresses from Ottawa
Writers from Ottawa
Living people
21st-century Canadian women writers
Canadian sketch comedians
Best Actress in a Comedy Series Canadian Screen Award winners
Canadian women television writers
Canadian women television personalities
21st-century Canadian screenwriters
21st-century Canadian comedians
Comedians from Ottawa
1983 births


title: Capture of Enschede (1597)

text:
The capture of Enschede took place during the Eighty Years' War and the Anglo–Spanish War on 18 and 19 October 1597. A Dutch and English army led by Maurice of Orange took the city after a very short siege and threatening that they would destroy the city. The siege was part of Maurice's campaign of 1597, a successful offensive against the Spaniards during what the Dutch call the Ten Glory Years.

After the siege and capture of Bredevoort, a part of Maurice's army, which included Scots and Frisians under Count Solms and Van Duivenvoorde, went from Winterswijk to Gronau. On 18 October, Prince Maurice, along with his cousin (and brother-in-law) William Louis, followed the cavalry and the artillery that had been in service at Bredevoort, which had been moved the day before. They were followed by the main body consisting of English troops under Colonel Horace Vere and the Frisians, while the companies of Duivenvoorde, Brederode, and the English cavalry formed the rearguard.

Siege and capture
Halfway to Enschede, at Glanerbrug, Maurice ordered the army into battle formation and headed towards the city. By this time the artillery had arrived and a formal siege could commence. Shots were fired at the city walls for a day, after which Maurice sent a trumpeter to the gate, demanding surrender. Maurice threatened that his army would give Enschede the same fate that happened at Bredevoort and Groenlo, which were burnt and ravaged in the ensuing chaos of the assault. Maurice threatened that he would 'break the heads of them all if he fired a single shot with the artillery.'

The governor lieutenant Grootveld and the garrison commander Captain Vasques requested permission to examine the artillery threatening the city. Maurice agreed, the inspection was made and, after some discussion with the clergy in the city, they accepted Maurice's terms as an "absolutely fair condition". The Spanish garrison, led by two companies totaling 108 men, then marched out of the city. A company of Dutch then garrisoned the place, upon which the company commander Jaques Meurs was made governor. Maurice ordered the fortifications largely dismantled so that the city would be no longer suitable for future military occupants and then marched to the city of Oldenzaal and took the place after a short siege. A contingent of Dutch and English soldiers, led by Captain Van Duivenvoorde, split from the main army, heading northeast to take Ootmarsum.

See also
 List of stadtholders in the Low Countries
 List of governors of the Spanish Netherlands
 Siege of Bredevoort (1597)
 Siege of Groenlo (1597)

References
Citations

Bibliography

  (1753): Vaderlandsche Historie, Vervattende Geschiedenislessen der Vereenigde Nederlanden, in Zonderheid die van Holland, van de Vroegste Tyden af - Achtste Deel Amsterdam: Isaak Tirion (Dutch)

Enschede
1597 in the Dutch Republic
1597 in the Habsburg Netherlands
16th-century military history of the Kingdom of England
16th-century military history of Spain
Enschede (1597)
Eighty Years' War (1566–1609)
Enschede (1597)
Enschede (1597)
Enschede (1597)
Enschede (1597)
Enschede
Events in Enschede


title: Kiva Software

text:
Kiva Software was the leading provider and pioneer of internet application server software. Kiva Software released the industry's first application server in January 1996, offering companies a robust platform on which to develop and deploy transaction-oriented business applications on the Web. Kiva's customers included Bank of America, E-Trade, Travelocity, Internet Shopping Network, Hong Kong Telecom and Pacific Bell Internet.

Headquartered in Mountain View, California, Kiva Software was a privately held company (1994 - 1997) backed by venture capitalists, including Wiess, Peck & Greer, Greylock, Discovery Ventures, Sippl MacDonald Ventures, Norwest Venture Capital, and Trinity Ventures.

History

Kiva Software was founded in May 1994 by Keng Lim, its chairman and CEO, who saw the opportunity to leverage the internet as a platform for running business applications. In January 1996, Kiva Enterprise Server was launched. It was the first Java application server to market, and it also supported application development in C++.

By mid-1997, the company had shipped two major releases of Kiva Enterprise Server; grown to over 100 employees at five field offices; raised US$13.9 million in capital investment over two rounds of funding; and, according to Lim in a Red Herring interview, was expecting to go public by the middle of 1998, barring an acquisition.

In December 1997, Kiva Software was acquired by Netscape Communications as an "important strategic technology for linking people and businesses together through Intranets, Extranets and the Internet." Netscape issued 6.3 million shares of Netscape stock to purchase 100 percent of Kiva stock and options, a deal valued at US$180 million. Kiva Enterprise Server was folded into Netscape's suite of server products and became Netscape Application Server.

In 1999, America Online (AOL) acquired Netscape in a stock swap valued at US$10 billion, and formed a partnership with Sun Microsystems. As part of the three-way deal, Sun Microsystems licensed Netscape's server software for $350 million over three years. The Sun-Netscape alliance rolled out a new brand name, iPlanet, which was used for all the server products. The Netscape Application Server was chosen as the code base for the iPlanet Application Server, even though there had been talk that the iPlanet Application Server would be a combination of both Netscape Application Server and NetDynamics Application Server. NetDynamics, a former competitor of Kiva Software, had been acquired by Sun in 1998, prior to the Sun-Netscape alliance.

In 2002, when the three-year alliance between AOL/Netscape and Sun ended, per the agreement, Sun took sole control of the iPlanet software. iPlanet was absorbed into Sun, and iPlanet Application Server was rebranded as Sun ONE Application Server, and, later, the Sun Java System Application Server.

Products

Kiva Software's products included Kiva Enterprise Server, the platform on which web applications were deployed and managed; Kiva Application Builder, the graphical development tool for building applications; and the Kiva SDK (available in both Java and C++), which packaged foundation classes and methods.

Awards and recognition

In 1997, Kiva Software was selected as one of the industry's top privately held technology companies by Red Herring, Computerworld, and Data Communications magazine. That same year, Kiva Enterprise Server won PC Week's Best of Comdex award for "Best Internet Software" at Comdex.

As Kiva Enterprise Server evolved into Netscape Application server and then into iPlanet Application Server, the product continued to lead technologically (although not in market share) in the increasingly competitive and crowded marketplace of application servers. In 2000, Netscape Application 4.0 achieved the highest rating in a head-to-head comparison of application servers by independent researcher D.H. Brown Associates. In 2001, Standard & Poors (S&P) concluded that iPlanet Application Server was the best choice for running its web services business after conducting two rounds of evaluations.

References

Defunct software companies of the United States
Software companies based in the San Francisco Bay Area
Companies based in Mountain View, California
Software companies established in 1994
Technology companies disestablished in 1997
1994 establishments in California
1997 disestablishments in California
Defunct companies based in the San Francisco Bay Area


title: Tenagino Probus

text:
Tenagino Probus was a Roman soldier and procuratorial official whose career reached its peak at the end of the sixth decade of the third century AD (c. 255–260). A poverty of primary sources means that nothing is known for certain of his origins or early career. However, in later years he served successively as Praeses  (governor) of the province of Numidia (i.e. ) and of Egypt, (i.e. Praefectus ). These were both very senior procuratorial offices, the latter in particular traditionally considered one of the pinnacles of an equestrian career. In these roles he exercised military skills in addition to administrative ones; as  he led military operations outside his province. He died resisting the invasion of Egypt by the forces of Zenobia of Palmyra in the troubled  between Emperors Claudius II and Aurelian.

Despite the limited availability of information about Probus, the fact that he was: (i) entrusted with the government of two of the Empire's most economically and strategically significant provinces; and (ii) given important military command outside his province (at least during his time as ) indicates that he had the reputation of a highly competent Imperial functionary. His known appointments suggest that both Emperor Gallienus and Gallienus's  successor, Claudius II, held him in high regard. Probus was likely among the relatively small group of professional soldiers who benefited from the opening up of provincial governorships and senior military commands, which were previously reserved for senators.

Primary sources

Literary

Probus is referred to by the Historia Augusta (SHA) in the  under the name Probatus. In the garbled account in the  recounting the campaigns of Marcus Aurelius Probus in North Africa and Egypt, the future emperor is credited with actions that other, more reliable, sources indicate should be attributed to Tenagino Probus. The SHA mentions him only as a military commander, making no reference to his procuratorial status in Numidia or Egypt.

Among Greek and Byzantine sources, Zosimus'  records in fair detail Probus' military exploits during the period when he was , without actually identifying him by name. The text makes no reference to his earlier appointment in Numidia. George Syncellus and Zonaras largely reiterate Zosimus, with some confusion of the material.

Epigraphic

A number of epigraphic inscriptions attest to the existence of Tenagino Probus and some details of his career.
In Latin, from Lambaesis,  (now Lambèse, Tunisia). Dated to 267-8 AD in the principate of Gallienus. Probus is not mentioned by name, but the context suggests that the inscription relates to his term of office, an interpretation authoritative commentators generally accept.
In Latin, from  Thamugadi, Numidia (now Timgad, Algeria). This inscription names Probus, refers to him as , and invokes the Emperor Claudius. It likely dates from soon after Claudius' accession to the purple in mid-268 AD, but before his election as consul for 269 AD at end-268.
In Latin, from Thuburbo Maius, Numidia, (now Henchir-Kasbat, Tunisia). This inscription refers to Probus as governor of the province and patronus of the . The  referred to is probably . The date is 269 AD, under Claudius.
In Greek, from  (more usually known as Cyrene, Libya). The inscription refers to Probus as a  (i.e. ) and Praefectus Aegypti and invokes Claudius II as Emperor. It celebrates the victory gained by the Romans under Probus over Berber nomads in the neighbouring province of  . The inscription is usually assigned to late 269/early 270 AD.

Origins and early career

Origins

No literary or epigraphic evidence exists to shed light on Probus' origins.

Onomastic analysis of his  (i.e. his family name) suggests that Tenagino was quite rare. Only two occurrences of the name are recorded, both in northeast Italy: Tenigenonia Claudia; and Q. Tenagino Maximus. These inscriptions might indicate that Probus originated in this region, but are not conclusive. However, Probus'  does indicate that his family's citizen-status pre-dated the Constitutio Antoniniana of 212 AD. This may mean that the family were people of substance.

Early career

No available information speaks to Probus' early career. Some evidence indicates long-term military service, but it is unknown whether he was already of equestrian status when he enlisted in the army.

Probus's first known gubernatorial appointment was as . Until at least 260 AD, and possibly even later, Numidia had been a pro-praetorial province, i.e. it had been governed on behalf of the Emperor by a senatorial Legatus Augusti (an official who had previously held office in Rome or elsewhere as a praetor). However, the epigraph from , (above) indicates that by 267 AD (during the sole reign of the Emperor Gallienus), the governor of Numidia was officially titled praeses. (The title  did not always indicate that a governor was of equestrian rank, but in the case of Numidia he was, as were all known subsequent governors of that province.) As noted, it is now generally assumed that Probus was the official referred to in that inscription, even though his name has disappeared from the text. Indeed, he may have been Numidia's first equestrian governor. Therefore, it is highly likely that Probus was an early beneficiary of Gallienus's policy of giving equestrians military commands (over legions) and administrative posts (as governors of pro-praetorial provinces) that, prior to Gallienus' sole reign (260-268 AD), had been reserved almost exclusively for men of senatorial status.

Procuratorial career

The function

The loyalty of the  was important to whoever governed the Roman Empire for a number of reasons:

 Numidia was one of the main sources of grain and olive oil, essential staples of the Roman diet, making the area a key resource underpinning the emperor's ability to control Rome and supply the armies stationed in Europe.
 The governor of Numidia commanded the Legio III Augusta based at , the only significant military force in Roman north Africa (which spanned from the boundaries of Egypt to the Atlantic coast of Morocco).  This legion was ostensibly meant to defend the north African provinces from the nomad populations on its southern boundaries, but for the most part this task was, arguably, not suited to a unit whose chief strength was its heavy infantry. The legion was an instrument at both too powerful and too blunt for that job.<ref>Shaw(1995:IX, passim).</ref> Instead, the strategic vision of the Imperial government seems to indicate that the chief role of the governor of Numidia as head of his legion was to uphold the Empire's authority, both in Numidia and in the entirety of the resource-rich African region, particularly the neighbouring province of Africa Proconsularis. During the reign of Gallienus and his successors,  rivalled Egypt itself as a granary of Rome. In this sense, the Emperor regarded the governor of Numidia as his "man-on-the spot" in Africa, and the legion commanded by the governor as the ultimate sanction of the Emperor's ability to exploit the region's strategic and economic benefits for the Empire's own purposes.
 After the loss of the western provinces to the "Gallic Emperor" Postumus and the de facto secession of the eastern provinces under Odenathus of Palmyra, the Numidian garrison constituted the only substantial reserve of military manpower available to Gallienus in Europe as he faced the Scythian inroads of 267–8.

For these reasons, Probus' appointment as  demonstrates that he had established a reputation for competence and earned Gallienus' trust.

 Probus in office

No reliable information exists about Probus' period of office in Numidia.

The SHA suggests that, like his predecessor during the regime of Maximinus Thrax, Probus may have been called upon to intervene in  to put down an insurrection in Carthago. However, the balance of academic opinion is that this story the sort of invention in which the SHA seems to delight and should, therefore, be rejected. The same passage in the  goes on to assert that "Probus" slew a "certain Aradio" – no further explanation – in single combat before honouring him with a magnificent tomb. This too is generally rejected, although some authorities are prepared to concede that it may be authentic.

 Strategic significance of Egypt

As noted, the epigraph from  (above) is generally interpreted to mean that Probus had taken on the role of  before the end of 269 AD.

Ever since Augustus' conquest of Egypt in the first century BC, the emperors of Rome had regarded their absolute control of this territory and its grain harvests as a sine qua non for the maintenance of their authority. Loss of control of Egypt would almost immediately undermine the Imperial government's ability to maintain control of the Roman people. The Emperor's absolute trust in the  of Egypt was considered even more vital than that of the  of the African provinces. Therefore, from the principate's earliest days, its  had always been an equestrian, presumably because most equestrians lacked a personal power base comparable to a senator's, making equestrians more likely to remain loyal to the . When Claudius II appointed Probus to this office, he demonstrated that he (Claudius) had the utmost confidence in Probus, even though Probus had been a protégé of Claudius' predecessor Gallienus.

 Probus' term as

Claudius II further demonstrated his confidence in Probus shortly after Probus assumed the prefecture of Egypt, when Claudius commissioned him to intervene militarily in the neighbouring senatorial province of Creta et Cyrenaica, which had suffered an incursion by the Marmaritae. The Marmaritae were, evidently, a nomadic people who roamed the semi-desert territory known as the Marmarica, which lay west of the Siwa Oasis in western Egypt and to the south of . Traditionally, Emperors hesitated to allow governors to undertake military action beyond the boundaries of their own province. However, as demonstrated in Numidia, forces stationed in Imperial provinces could be deployed in neighbouring  (lit. 'unarmed provinces') when necessary, and the text of the epigraph from  (above) suggests that the Marmaritae were increasingly becoming a nuisance in Cyrenaica. The epigraph refers to the Marmaritae's "audacity"  and suggests that Probus dealt with the incursion with effective dispatch – although, as was always the case, the victory was officially attributed to the reigning Emperor (i.e. Claudius). In the inscription, Cyrene is referred to as  (i.e. 'City of Claudius') in the Emperor's honour, although it is unclear whether this was intended to celebrate the defeat of the Marmaritae.

Shortly after Probus' success in , Claudius gave him a further commission to undertake a naval campaign against Gothic pirates who had been raiding the islands of the eastern Mediterranean and the southern coast of Asia Minor. Only Zosimus records this action. However, recent archaeological discoveries in the Turkish province of Antalya suggest that, even as Claudius was concluding his war against the Scythian migrants in the Balkans, he had dispatched an expeditionary force under Lucius Aurelius Marcianus to repel attacks by Gothic pirates along the southern coasts of Asia Minor. It is thought that this force cooperated with Probus' naval force. Zosimus reports that the pirates were driven away "without achieving much" – an outcome that he attributes entirely to the efforts of Probus, but which was more likely the result of a combined operation.

 Final campaign and death

Zosimus contains the fullest account of Probus' final campaign and death.

While Probus was away fighting the pirates at sea, Zenobia began a drive to extend her authority over Asia, Arabia and Egypt. One Timagenes, otherwise unknown, led a strong pro-Palmyrene faction in the population (and possibly in the Imperial garrison) in encouraging the targeting of Egypt in particular. In support of Timagenes, Zenobia's general Septiminus Zabdas invaded the province at the head of an army of 70,000 men and, together with his local allies, defeated the Egyptian loyalists who had mustered an army of 50,000. Zabdas then returned to Syria, leaving behind a garrison of 5,000, presumably in Alexandria.

When this news reached Probus, he returned to Egypt with the force he had led against the pirates and, with the support of those sympathetic to the Imperialist cause in Egypt, drove out Zabdas' garrison. Zabdas returned, but he was again defeated by Probus, the pro-Imperial Egyptian forces and "soldiers from Africa" – no further explanation. Probus then seems to have followed Timagenes upriver to the fortress of Babylon (located at the head of the Nile delta, now a suburb of modern Cairo), thus cutting off the enemy's escape route to Syria. However, using his knowledge of the surrounding country, Timagenes seized the summit of a nearby mountain with 2,000 men and,  launching a surprise attack on Probus' army, defeated it utterly. Probus was captured and, in the Roman heroic tradition, chose to kill himself rather than bear the ignominy of defeat.

The  broadly repeats this account, but describes Timagenes as a Palmyrene general rather than an anti-Roman Egyptian.

Papyrological and numismatic evidence suggests that Zabdas began his assault on Egypt in the autumn of 270 AD and by the end of the year had brought it firmly under the control of his queen Zenobia.

 Notes

 Citations

 Works cited

 Abbreviations of works of reference SHA - The Augustan History: Life of the Deified Claudius Vita Divi Claudii (SHA VC) ); Life of Probus Vita Probi (SHA VP) );AE - L'Année Épigraphique; R. Cagnat et al (eds.); Paris; 1889-;PIR(2) - Prosopographia imperii Romani; E.Groag et al (eds.); Berlin; 1933-;PLRE - The prosopography of the later Roman Empire''; Jones, A.H.M., Martindale, J.R. and Morris, J. (eds.);Cambridge University Press; 1971–1992.

Primary sources

Syncellus -  (Syncelllus);
Zonaras -  (Zonaras);
Zosumus -  (Zosimus)

Secondary sources

 (Barnes 1972);
(Saunders(1992));
;

Ancient Roman generals
Equestrian commanders of vexillationes
3rd-century Romans
3rd-century Roman governors of Egypt
Year of birth unknown
270 deaths
Roman governors of Egypt


title: List of candidates in the 2004 European Parliament election in Belgium

text:
This is a list of all the candidates in the Belgian European Parliament election, held in 2004.

European Parliament

Electoral colleges

Dutch-speaking (14 seats)
Major parties:

Minor parties:

French-speaking (9 seats)
Major parties:

German-speaking (1 seat)
Major parties:

European Parliament elections in Belgium
2004 elections in Belgium
Lists of Belgian political candidates


title: David Brown Automotive

text:
David Brown Automotive is a British manufacturer of limited edition automobiles in Silverstone, England, belonging to British businessman David Brown. The company began in Coventry in 2013 and moved to a new 18,000 sq ft dedicated build facility and headquarters at Silverstone Park in April 2017.

The company announced the Speedback GT, its first production model, in March 2014. With the unveiling of the vehicle at the Top Marques show in Monaco in April of that same year. Despite sharing a similar background in engineering, and the same name as the previous owner of Aston Martin, there is no family connection between the two companies.

Mini Remastered, a modern reinterpretation of a classic Mini, is the company's second model, launched in Shoreditch, London, on 6 April 2017.

The company showcased Speedback GT at the Geneva International Motor Show in 2017, and 2018, alongside two prototypes of Mini Remastered and the newly launched Speedback Silverstone Edition.

Speedback GT

The Speedback GT is the first model announced by David Brown Automotive. Launched at the Top Marques Show in Monaco in April 2014, it is the 1960s-inspired Grand Tourer, coach-built using the Jaguar XK all-aluminium platform. The entire car is handcrafted using traditional coachbuilding techniques over a period of 8,000 hours, with the aluminium panels being individually hand-rolled on an English wheel. The price as of April 2018 is £520,000.00 GBP plus local taxes. The company proudly sources its production to British-based suppliers and builds the cars at their new build facility in Silverstone, UK. The company has announced that it will never produce more than 100 Speedback GTs.

The Speedback GT was designed by former Jaguar Land Rover designer Alan Mobberley. The bespoke body of each Speedback GT is produced using traditional coach building methods; the aluminium body panels are hand beaten and then rolled over an english wheel. The bucks over which the panels are beaten have been milled out using a 5-axis CNC milling machine from CAD data, obtained from the full-size design clay model.

The powertrain is a 5.0-litre Jaguar AJ-V8 engine generating  with a six-speed ZF automatic transmission. It can accelerate from  in 4.6 seconds with further performance upgrades available.

At the Geneva International Motor Show in 2017, the Speedback GT was showcased in two specifications, one left-hand and one right-hand drive. These full-production specification examples encompassed over 230 engineering and design refinements from the original Speedback GT prototype, including soft-close door technology, refined interior and exterior fit, and finish and enhanced noise insulation.

Speedback Silverstone Edition

Launched on 6 March 2018 at the Geneva International Motor Show, the Speedback Silverstone Edition is the third particular edition model made by David Brown behind both the Mini Remastered Café Racers Edition and Monte Carlo Edition.

Limited to 10 examples globally, the Speedback Silverstone Edition is a performance-focused version of the company's first model, the Speedback GT, and celebrates the company's first anniversary of its move to the new Silverstone build facility and headquarters in April 2017.

Taking design inspiration from classic 1960s racing grand tourers and British jet aircraft of the era, the Speedback Silverstone Edition uses the same traditional coachbuilding techniques to craft its bespoke, streamlined hand-rolled aluminium bodywork as Speedback GT, with enhanced performance characteristics from the 5.0-litre Jaguar AJ-V8 engine, developing  and  of torque. Updated rear suspension adds further dynamic handling to the model, over the existing set-up from Speedback GT.

Each of the 10 Speedback Silverstone Edition examples will be built to the same specification, with just left-hand and right-hand drive and 2-seater or 2+2 configuration differences.

A bespoke 'Fly by Night' paint finish, applied over 8 weeks is offered on Speedback Silverstone Edition, with a subtle, fading 'Black Night' painted stripe across the length of the body, while the interior cockpit is trimmed in an exclusive 'Antique' tan leather, with brogueing and fluting to the seats, evocative of the 1960s cars and aircraft that the car is inspired by. Premium Kvadrat Remix fabrics and 'Scorched Ebony Macassar' wood veneers are also specified in the interior.

Mini Remastered

Mini Remastered is the second model by David Brown Automotive and is a remastering of the original Mini, built between 1958 and 2000. Mini Remastered was launched at a private event in Shoreditch, London in April 2017, and made its world motor show debut on 20 April 2017 at the Top Marques Show in Monaco.

Launched in three specifications, Mini Remastered was showcased in standard form, alongside two limited-production special editions: One special edition is inspired by Café Racers, with a history to the classic 1950s motorbike movement, and a second special edition inspired by Monte Carlo, and the racing heritage of the classic Mini on which the cars are based.

The 1,000-hour process of creating each Mini Remastered begins with an original classic Mini donor vehicle's 1275cc I4 (A-series) engine and gearbox, fully refurbished and enhanced to deliver up to . An all-new steel body shell is custom made by British Motor Heritage, which is then coach-built and refined by David Brown Automotive. The shell is de-seamed, every panel gap is profiled and panels are welded together for a uniform shape. Every car goes through a rust-proofing electrophoretic deposition 'E-coat' process and a 4-week paint process. Customers are able to specify a custom paint finish, or choose a paint finish developed exclusively for David Brown Automotive already.

Interior technology and connectivity are added to Mini Remastered, including electric power-assisted steering, air conditioning, electric start/stop button, remote central locking, full LED lighting and a 7-inch touchscreen infotainment system with Apple® CarPlay®, satellite navigation, 3G, 4G, Bluetooth® and DAB connectivity.

Mini Remastered is available globally in both left-hand and right-hand drives.

See also
 List of car manufacturers of the United Kingdom

References

External links

Car manufacturers of the United Kingdom
Car brands
Luxury motor vehicle manufacturers
Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 2013
2013 establishments in England


title: Maki Tsuji

text:
is a Japanese speed skater. She competed at the 2011, 2013 and 2014 World Sprint Championships, and at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi.

References

1985 births
Japanese female speed skaters
Speed skaters at the 2014 Winter Olympics
Olympic speed skaters for Japan
Speed skaters at the 2011 Asian Winter Games
Speed skaters at the 2017 Asian Winter Games
Living people


title: Athletics at the 2001 Summer Universiade – Men's 400 metres hurdles

text:
The men's 400 metres hurdles event at the 2001 Summer Universiade was held at the Workers Stadium in Beijing, China on 30–31 August.

Medalists

Results

Heats
Held on 30 August

Semifinals
Held on 31 August

Final
Held on 31 August

References

Athletics at the 2001 Summer Universiade
2001


title: Tamdrin Wangmo Kelzang Chokyi Nyima

text:
Jetsunma Tamdrin Wangmo Kelzang Chokyi Nyima (1836–1896) was a Tibetan Buddhist teacher and vajramaster. She was taught by her father Kunga Richen, her brother Dorje Rinchen, and her paternal uncle, Pema Dudul Wangchuk. She received the three vows (prātimokṣa, bodhisattva and tantric) from the abbot of Sakya's Lhakhang Chenmo, Tashi Chopel. Later she was taught by the Fifty-third Ngor Khenchen, Jampa Kunga Tenpai Lodro, who gave her the complete Lamdre Lobshe as well as the major empowerment of the forty-five deities in Vajramāla, Hevajra, Vajrayoginī of the Nāropa tradition, Vajrakīlaya, Mahākāla Daṇḍa, Vajrapāṇi Bhūtaḍāmara, and Kurukulle.

She taught her brother and other disciples.

Upon her death she was given similar honors as the male lineage holders of the Khon family, as she had been in life, and a life-size silver Nāropa Vajrayoginī with gilded gold and inlaid with precious gems was made as her reliquary.

She is considered by the Sakya tradition as an emanation of Vajra Nairātmyā and Vajravārahī.

References

Tibetan Buddhists from Tibet
1836 births
1896 deaths
Tibetan women


The William I. Fine Theoretical Physics Institute is a research institute in the University of Minnesota College of Science and Engineering. FTPI was largely the work of physics Professor Emeritus, Stephen Gasiorowicz and university alumnus and Twin Cities real-estate developer William I. Fine. The institute officially came into existence in January 1987. FTPI faculty consists of six permanent members: Andrey V. Chubukov, Alex Kamenev, Keith Olive, Maxim Pospelov, Mikhail Shifman, and Boris Shklovskii. The institute has on Oversight Committee consisting of ten members. The Oversight Committee is the board of directors that make decisions concerning the staffing and budgeting of the institute.

The institute is located at the University of Minnesota's Twin Cities campus, in Tate Hall.

Outreach
The Misel Family Lecture Series

The Irving and Edythe Misel Family Lecture Series, hosted by FTPI, invites physicists from around the world to the University of Minnesota to discuss physics with the general public.  It is funded by a private donation gift from the Edythe and Irving Misel family. The list of the Misel Lecturers to date is:
2006: Frank Wilczek (2004 Nobel Prize in Physics), 2007: Leo Kadanoff (1980 Wolf Prize), 2008: Jim Peebles (2019 The Nobel Prize in Physics and 1982 Heineman Prize), 2009: Helen Quinn (2000 ICTP Dirac Medal), 2010: N. David Mermin (2010 Majorana Prize), 2011: Roger Blandford (1998 Heineman Prize), 2012: John Ellis (2005 IOP Dirac Medal), 2013: Eric Cornell (2001 Nobel Prize in Physics), 2014: Andrei Linde (2012 Fundamental Physics Prize), 2015: Joseph Polchinski (2008 ICTP Dirac Medal and 2017 Fundamental Physics Prize), 2016: John Preskill (member of the National Academy of Sciences), 2017: Wendy Freedman (2016 Dannie Heineman Prize for Astrophysics), 2018: Nergis Mavalvala (2017 Carnegie Corporation of New York Great Immigrants award recipient and 2014 NOGLSTP LGBTQ Scientist of the Year), 2019: Charles Marcus (2018 National Academy of Sciences), and 2022: Carlos Frenk (2014 Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society.

Visitor Program

FTPI has a worldwide reach. The institute has hosted over 800 individual researchers, from institutions in more than 18 different countries, for working visits of one day to six months.

Workshops

FTPI hosts up to three workshops per year for physicists from around the world. This includes the 2013 CAQCD meeting which was special because it was the tenth meeting in the series. The proceedings of the previous conferences – they are held biannually – reveal the developments of QCD and related theories from the early 1990s. As well as a workshop in October 2000 celebrating 30 years of supersymmetry.

Awards

Current and former faculty members of FTPI have been honored with a number of prizes and awards. Keith Olive is a current Distinguished McKnight University Professor of Physics and was awarded the 2018 Hans Bethe Prize. Former faculty, Leonid Glazman was a McKnight Presidential Endowed Chair. Boris Shklovskii is the recipient of the 1986 Landau Award and the 2019 Oliver E. Buckley Condensed Matter Prize. Former faculty, Arkady Vainshtein and Mikhail Shifman were awarded the 2016 ICTP Dirac Medal and Prize. Andrey V. Chubukov was awarded the 2018 John Bardeen Prize.

Three faculty members have been awarded the Sakurai Prize: former faculty, Arkady Vainshtein (1999), Mikhail Shifman (1999), and Mikhail Voloshin (2001). former faculty, Arkady Vainshtein (2005) and Mikhail Shifman (2013) received the Pomeranchuk Prize. Mikhail Shifman was honored with the Lilienfeld Prize (2006), and elected as Laureate of Les Chaires Internacionales de Recherche Blaise Pascal (2007). Former member Anatoly Larkin was awarded the Fritz London Memorial Prize in Low Temperature Physics (1990), the Hewlett Packard Europhysics Prize (1993), the Lars Onsager Prize in Theoretical Statistical Physics (2002) as well as the Bardeen Prize for Superconductivity (2004).

Funding
The William I. Fine Theoretical Physics Institute is financed from a combination of private and University funds. In the world of fundamental-science research institutes, FTPI is, for its part, something of an oddity. While most such organizations are large, National Science Foundation-funded enterprises, Minnesota's FTPI was created in large part out of the generosity of a single private donor, and it is dedicated to the research efforts of its members.

The United States Department of Energy ER40823 grant is mutually submitted between the Department of Physics at the University of Minnesota and FTPI. This grant is entitled "Experimental and Theoretical High Energy Physics" and helps to support faculty and postdoctoral salaries.

References

External links
William I. Fine Theoretical Physics Institute Homepage

University of Minnesota
Research institutes in Minnesota
Physics research institutes
Theoretical physics institutes


title: Center for Intercultural Dialogue (disambiguation)

text:
The Center for Intercultural Dialogue is an academic organization founded in 2010 by the Council of Communication Associations, a United States non-profit designed to encourage research on intercultural dialogue.

Center for Intercultural Dialogue may also refer to:
Akdim, Antalya Intercultural Dialogue Center, Turkish nonprofit founded in 2005 to promote intercultural dialogue
Anna Lindh Euro-Mediterranean Foundation for the Dialogue Between Cultures, founded in 2005 by Euromed, as a network of civil society organizations dedicated to promoting intercultural dialogue in the Mediterranean region, and based in Egypt
Cuernavaca Center for Intercultural Dialogue on Development, a Christian retreat in Mexico
KAICIID Dialogue Centre, formally the King Abdullah bin Abdulaziz International Centre for Interreligious and Intercultural Dialogue, a Saudi Arabian non-profit originally based in Austria, and now based in Portugal


title: Kuppuswami Naidu Veeraswami

text:
Kuppuswami Naidu Veeraswami (1914-2010) was Chief Justice of the Madras High Court in India from 5 January 1969 to 3 November 1976.

References

Chief Justices of the Madras High Court
1914 births
2010 deaths
Telugu people


title: Vernonia lettermannii

text:
Vernonia lettermannii, the narrowleaf ironweed, is a plant species known only from Arkansas and Oklahoma. It grows on floodplains and terraces at elevations of .

Vernonia lettermannii is a perennial herb up to  tall. Leaves are filiform (thread-shaped), up to  long but less than  wide. Flower heads are purple, arranged as a corymb.

References

lettermannii
Flora of Arkansas
Flora of Oklahoma
Flora without expected TNC conservation status


title: Miyako Sumiyoshi

text:
was a Japanese speed skater. She competed at the 2013 World Sprint Championships in Salt Lake City, where she placed thirteenth. She also placed thirteenth in the sprint combination at the 2014 World Sprint Championships in Nagano. She competed at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, in the 500 metres (14th) and in the 1000 metres (22nd).

On 20 January 2018, she was found dead in her home in Nagano. NHK reported that she seemed to have committed suicide.

References

External links

1987 births
2018 deaths
Japanese female speed skaters
Speed skaters at the 2014 Winter Olympics
Olympic speed skaters for Japan
Universiade medalists in speed skating
Universiade bronze medalists for Japan
Speed skaters at the 2007 Winter Universiade
2018 suicides
Suicides in Japan
People from Kushiro, Hokkaido
20th-century Japanese women
21st-century Japanese women


title: Jon Gordon (musician)

text:
Jon Gordon (born 1966 in New York City) is an American jazz saxophonist who leads the Jon Gordon Quartet. In 1996, he won first prize in the Thelonious Monk International Jazz Saxophone Competition.

He is currently a professor in the jazz program at the University of Manitoba in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. He received a Juno Award nomination for Jazz Album of the Year (Solo) at the Juno Awards of 2022 for his album Stranger Than Fiction. He and faculty colleague Will Bonness, who won the award, both played on each other's albums.

Discography

As leader
 1988: Beginnings and Endings (Taurus, 1989)
 1992: The Jon Gordon Quartet (Chiaroscuro, 1992)
 1994: Ask Me Now (Criss Cross, 1995)
 1994: Spark (Chiaroscuro, 1995)
 1995: Witness (Criss Cross, 1996)
 1997: Along the Way (Criss Cross, 1997)
 1998: Currents (Double-Time, 1998)
 1999?: The Things We Need (Double-Time, 1999)
 2000?: Possibilities (Double-Time, 2000)
 2001?: Contrasts with Bill Charlap (Double-Time, 2001)
 2007?: The Things You Are (ArtistShare, 2007)
 2009?: Evolution (ArtistShare, 2009)
 2018: Answer (ArtistShare, 2019)
 2021?: Stranger Than Fiction (ArtistShare, 2021)

References

External links
Jon Gordon website

Living people
1966 births
American jazz alto saxophonists
American male saxophonists
American expatriate musicians in Canada
Taurus Records artists
21st-century American saxophonists
21st-century American male musicians
American male jazz musicians
Double-Time Records artists
Criss Cross Jazz artists
Chiaroscuro Records artists
ArtistShare artists
Academic staff of the University of Manitoba


title: Nakajima Sports Center

text:
The  is a multi-purpose event facility located in Nakajima Park in Chūō-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan. It was built in 1954 for the National Sports Festival of Japan. A concert by the rock band Rainbow in January 1978 resulted in one death when 2,000 fans rushed the stage. By the end of the 1990s, the facility had lost its viability and was eventually converted to its current state.

References

Buildings and structures in Chūō-ku, Sapporo
Music venues in Japan
Sports venues in Sapporo
Sports venues completed in 1954
1954 establishments in Japan


title: Francimar Barroso

text:
Francimar Barroso (born 29 February 1980) is a Brazilian mixed martial artist currently competing in the Heavyweight division. A professional competitor since 2004, he has also competed for the UFC, Shooto, and Professional Fighters League.

Mixed martial arts career

Brazilian circuit
On 12 April 2013, he faced Brazilian prospect Simao Melo da Silva for the WOCS Light Heavyweight Championship. Barroso won the fight via rear-naked choke. He vacated the title shortly after the fight, after getting called from the UFC to be a late-fight replacement.

Shooto Brazil
Towards the beginning of his career, Barroso competed at Shooto Brazil 11 on 28 March 2009, against Roque Oliver. He won by submission (rear-naked choke). Shortly after the fight he was signed to a four-fight contract. He fought at the next event as well, fighting Levi da Costa on 30 May 2009. He won the fight by doctor stoppage.

After a long hiatus, Barroso returned on 10 March 2012, when he faced Falco Neto Lopes at Shooto Brazil 28. Barroso won via guillotine choke. On 23 November 2012, Barroso fought for the vacant Shooto Brazil Light Heavyweight championship, as he faced number one contender Cristiano Souza. Barroso won the fight by doctor stoppage to win the championship. However he vacated the title, little over a year later to fight in the UFC.

Desert Force Championship
In November 2010, Barroso signed with upstart Jordan promotion Desert Force Championship (DFC). He made his DFC debut on 8 December 2010, against Abhijeet Petkar. Barroso won via head kick KO. Then on 19 May 2011, he faced Russian prospect Baga Agaev at DFC 2. He lost the fight when Agaev landed a blistering punch that knocked Barroso down, and then landed multiple knees before the referee stepped in to stop the fight.

Ultimate Fighting Championship
Barroso made his UFC debut on 3 August 2013, when he faced fellow Brazilian Ednaldo Oliveira, after Oliveira's original opponent Robert Drysdale was forced out of the bout due to injury. Barroso won via unanimous decision.

Barroso faced UFC newcomer Hans Stringer at UFC Fight Night 38 on 23 March 2014. He lost the back-and-forth fight via split decision.

Barroso was expected to face Patrick Cummins at UFC Fight Night: Henderson vs. Khabilov on 7 June 2014. However, Barroso was forced to pull out of the bout due to injury.

Barroso was expected to face Ovince St. Preux on 8 November 2014 at UFC Fight Night 56, replacing Rafael Cavalcante.  In turn, this fight was scrapped when St. Preux was tabbed as a replacement in the event headliner.

Barroso faced Ryan Jimmo on 30 May 2015 at UFC Fight Night 67. He won the fight by unanimous decision.

Barroso was expected to face promotional newcomer Abdul-Kerim Edilov on 17 January 2016 at UFC Fight Night 81. However, Edilov pulled out of the fight in the days leading up to the event citing a knee injury and was replaced by fellow newcomer Elvis Mutapčić. Barroso won the fight via unanimous decision.

Barroso faced Nikita Krylov on 8 May 2016 at UFC Fight Night 87. He lost the fight via submission in the second round.

Barroso was expected to face C. B. Dollaway on 10 September 2016 at UFC 203. On the day of the event, Dollaway suffered a back injury at his hotel due to a malfunctioning elevator and was unable to participate. As a result, Barroso was also removed from the event.

Barroso faced promotional newcomer Darren Stewart on 19 November 2016 at UFC Fight Night 100. He lost the bout via TKO in the first round, as he was dazed by an inadvertent headbutt which went unnoticed by the referee and preceded the TKO stoppage. Eventually the result was overturned to "No Contest" by the Comissão Atlética Brasileira de MMA (CABMMA).

A rematch with Stewart took place on 18 March 2017 at UFC Fight Night 107. Barroso won the fight by unanimous decision.

Barroso faced promotional newcomer Aleksandar Rakić on 2 September 2017 at UFC Fight Night 115. He lost the fight by unanimous decision.

Barroso faced Gian Villante on 20 January 2018 at UFC 220. He lost via split decision .

Personal life
In 2016 he proposed to his girlfriend Milenna Tonnera with whom he lived together for more than two years at the moment just after the fight. Barroso has a son and a daughter.

In 2021 he married Anastasia Motyashova and moved to Moscow.

Championships and accomplishments
WOCS
WOCS Light Heavyweight Champion (One time; vacated)
Shooto Brazil
Shooto Brazil Light Heavyweight Championship (One time; vacated)

Mixed martial arts record

|-
|Win
|align=center|25–7–1 (1)
|Alex Nicholson
|Decision (unanimous)
|PFL 9
|
|align=center| 2
|align=center| 5:00
|Las Vegas, Nevada, United States
|
|-
|Win
|align=center|24–7–1 (1)
|Ben Edwards
|Decision (unanimous)
|PFL 6
|
|align=center| 3
|align=center| 5:00
|Atlantic City, New Jersey, United States
|
|-
|Win
|align=center|23–7–1 (1)
|Alex Nicholson
|Decision (unanimous)
|PFL 3
|
|align=center| 3
|align=center| 5:00
|Uniondale, New York, United States
|
|-
|Win
|align=center|22–7–1 (1)
|Mikhail Mokhnatkin
|Decision (unanimous)
|RCC 5
|
|align=center|3
|align=center|5:00
|Ekaterinburg, Russia
|
|-
|Draw
|align=center| 21–7–1 (1)
|Josh Copeland
|Draw (unanimous)
|PFL 8
|
|align=center|2
|align=center|5:00
|New Orleans, Louisiana, United States
|
|-
|Win
|align=center|21–7 (1)
|Jack May
|Submission (arm-triangle choke)
|PFL 4
|
|align=center| 1
|align=center| 1:36
|Uniondale, New York, United States
|
|-
|Win
|align=center|20–7 (1)
|Daniel Gallemore
|TKO (doctor stoppage)
|PFL 1
|
|align=center|1
|align=center|3:57
|New York, New York, United States
|Return to Heavyweight.
|-
|Loss
|align=center|19–7 (1)
|Gian Villante
|Decision (split)
|UFC 220
|
|align=center|3
|align=center|5:00
|Boston, Massachusetts, United States
|
|-
|Loss
|align=center|19–6 (1)
|Aleksandar Rakić
|Decision (unanimous)
|UFC Fight Night: Volkov vs. Struve
|
|align=center|3
|align=center|5:00
|Rotterdam, Netherlands
|
|-
|Win
|align=center|19–5 (1)
|Darren Stewart
|Decision (unanimous)
|UFC Fight Night: Manuwa vs. Anderson
|
|align=center|3
|align=center|5:00
|London, England
|
|-
|NC
|align=center|18–5 (1)
|Darren Stewart
|NC (inadvertent headbutt)
|UFC Fight Night: Bader vs. Nogueira 2
|
|align=center|1
|align=center|1:34
|São Paulo, Brazil
|
|-
|Loss
|align=center|18–5
|Nikita Krylov
|Submission (rear-naked choke)
|UFC Fight Night: Overeem vs. Arlovski
|
|align=center|2
|align=center|3:11
|Rotterdam, Netherlands
|
|-
|Win
|align=center|18–4
|Elvis Mutapčić
|Decision (unanimous)
|UFC Fight Night: Dillashaw vs. Cruz
|
|align=center|3
|align=center|5:00
|Boston, Massachusetts, United States
|
|-
|Win
|align=center|17–4
|Ryan Jimmo
|Decision (unanimous)
|UFC Fight Night: Condit vs. Alves
|
|align=center|3
|align=center|5:00
|Goiânia, Brazil
|
|-
|Loss
|align=center|16–4
|Hans Stringer
|Decision (split)
|UFC Fight Night: Shogun vs. Henderson 2
|
|align=center|3
|align=center|5:00
|Natal, Brazil
|
|-
| Win
|align=center|16–3
| Ednaldo Oliveira
|Decision (unanimous)
| UFC 163
|
|align=center| 3
|align=center| 5:00
|Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
|
|-
| Win
|align=center| 15–3
| Simao Melo
|Submission (rear-naked choke)
|WOCS: Watch Out Combat Show 25
|
|align=center|2
|align=center|4:56
|Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
|
|-
| Win
|align=center| 14–3
| Cristiano Souza
|TKO (doctor stoppage)
|Shooto: Brazil 36
|
|align=center|1
|align=center|N/A
|Brasília, Brazil
|
|-
| Win
|align=center| 13–3
| Falco Lopes
|Submission (guillotine choke)
|Shooto: Brazil 28
|
|align=center|1
|align=center|3:15
|Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
|
|-
| Loss
|align=center| 12–3
| Baga Agaev
|KO (punch and knees)
|DFC: Desert Force 2
|
|align=center|1
|align=center|1:13
|Amman, Jordan
|
|-
| Win
|align=center| 12–2
| Abhijeet Petkar
|KO (head kick)
|DFC: Desert Force 1
|
|align=center|1
|align=center|0:05
|Amman, Jordan
|
|-
| Win
|align=center| 11–2
| Kleber Raimundo
|Decision (unanimous)
|CF: Capital Fight 3
|
|align=center|3
|align=center|5:00
|Brasília, Brazil
|
|-
| Win
|align=center| 10–2
| Jacob Quintana
|TKO (submission to punches)
|MK: Mega Kombat
|
|align=center|3
|align=center|N/A
|Minas Gerais, Brazil
|
|-
| Win
|align=center| 9–2
| Alessandro Stefano
|TKO (punches)
|BC: Bitetti Combat 5
|
|align=center|1
|align=center|1:50
|São Paulo, Brazil
|
|-
| Win
|align=center| 8–2
| Paulo Henrique Garcia
|TKO (punches)
|IMC: Iron Man Championship 3
|
|align=center|1
|align=center|N/A
|Belém, Brazil
|
|-
| Win
|align=center| 7–2
| Levi da Costa
|TKO (corner stoppage)
|Shooto: Brazil 12
|
|align=center|1
|align=center|5:00
|Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
|
|-
| Win
|align=center| 6–2
| Roque Oliver
|Submission (rear-naked choke)
|Shooto: Brazil 11
|
|align=center|1
|align=center|4:48
|Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
|
|-
| Win
|align=center| 5–2
| Joao Paulo de Souza
|TKO (punches)
|CC: Coari Combat 3
|
|align=center|1
|align=center|N/A
|Amazonas, Brazil
|
|-
| Win
|align=center| 4–2
| Adriano Balby
|Submission (rear-naked choke)
|MFC: Manaus Fight Championship
|
|align=center|1
|align=center|0:52
|Manaus, Brazil
|
|-
| Loss
|align=center| 3–2
| Geronimo dos Santos
|TKO (punches)
|AC: Amazon Challenge 2
|
|align=center|1
|align=center|4:00
|Manaus, Brazil
|
|-
| Win
|align=center| 3–1
| Sandro Pitbull
|TKO (finger injury)
|HTJ: Hero's the Jungle
|
|align=center|2
|align=center|N/A
|Manaus, Brazil
|
|-
| Loss
|align=center| 2–1
| Josue Makowiecky
|KO (knee)
|FF: Floripa Fight 1
|
|align=center|1
|align=center|2:27
|Florianópolis, Brazil
|
|-
| Win
|align=center| 2–0
| Rogerio Farias
|TKO (submission to punches)
|FCC: Fight Center Cup 4
|
|align=center|1
|align=center|N/A
|Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
|
|-
| Win
|align=center| 1–0
| Junior Tigre
|KO (head kick)
|SFC: Slap Fight Combat
|
|align=center|1
|align=center|4:27
|Fortaleza, Brazil
|

See also
 List of male mixed martial artists

References

External links

1980 births
Living people
Brazilian male mixed martial artists
Mixed martial artists utilizing Brazilian jiu-jitsu
Mixed martial artists utilizing kickboxing
Brazilian practitioners of Brazilian jiu-jitsu
People awarded a black belt in Brazilian jiu-jitsu
Sportspeople from Acre (state)
Ultimate Fighting Championship male fighters
People from Xapuri


title: Piney Creek Site

text:
The Piney Creek Site is a prehistoric rock art site located on the north side of Piney Creek in Piney Creek Ravine State Natural Area in Randolph County, Illinois. The site consists of a sandstone outcropping with over 150 petroglyph and pictograph designs, the most at a single known site in Illinois. The designs are divided into four distinct groups; three of these are on the center and ends of the rock shelter's wall, while the fourth is on a joint block of sandstone within the shelter. Most of the designs were created during the Late Woodland and Mississippian periods, which spanned from 450 to 1550 A.D.; a number of the figures were added after 1550. A  tall spear-holding anthropomorph in the western group is the largest individual petroglyph in Illinois. In addition to anthropomorphs, other common designs at the site include zoomorphs, quadrupeds which probably represent deer, and symbols; the quadrupeds and anthropomorphs are frequently depicted in motion. The rock shelter was likely used as a religious site by prehistoric inhabitants, and several of the designs appear to have mystical or spiritual significance; for instance, the winged anthropomorphs likely represent shamans.

The site was added to the National Register of Historic Places on May 31, 2001.

References

Archaeological sites on the National Register of Historic Places in Illinois
Geography of Randolph County, Illinois
Petroglyphs in Illinois
National Register of Historic Places in Randolph County, Illinois


title: Snowfall on the Sahara

text:
Snowfall on the Sahara is a studio album by American singer  Natalie Cole. It was released by Elektra Records on June 22, 1999, in the United States.

Critical reception

AllMusic editor Stephen Thomas Erlewine found that "with Snowfall on the Sahara, [Cole] pulls back from her classic pop routine and she does so with style [...] Even with such clean radio-ready production, Snowfall on the Sahara is hardly a conventional adult contemporary record; it plays like a nightclub revue from a classic pop vocalist, only with modernized arrangements and songs. Such subtle deviations from formula results in a surprisingly satisfying record. By balancing the form of traditional pop with strong material and modernized production, Snowfall on the Sahara illustrates adult pop needs to be neither predictable or devoid of substantive songs."

Track listing
Credits taken from the album's liner notes.

Personnel
Information is based on AllMusic and the album's liner notes.

Vocalists

Natalie Cole – lead vocals, backing vocals
Robin Clark – backing vocals
Diva Gray – backing vocals
Curtis King – backing vocals
Rob Mathes – additional vocals, backing vocals
Phil Ramone – backing vocals
Fonzi Thornton – backing vocals
Darryl Tookes – backing vocals
Luther Vandross – backing vocals

String section
Violins: Murray Adler, Abe Appleman, Avril Brown, Barry Finclair, Tiffany Yi Hu, Regis Iandiorio, Joe Ketendjian, Gary Kuo, Ann Leathers, Isabella Lippi, Jan Mullen, Sara Parkins, Paul Peabody, Rafael Rishik, Bob Sanov, Marti Sweet, Kimiyo Takeya, Donna Tecco and Jennifer Walton
Cellos: Stephen Erdody, Jeanne LeBlanc, Richard Locker, Mark Orrin Shuman and Cecilia Tsan
Violas: Mary Helen Ewing, Crystal Garner, Rick Gerding, Mimi Granat, Juliet Haffner, Carol Landon, Andrew Picken and Sue Pray
Concertmasters: Endre Granat and Carol Webb

Other Instruments

Dave Bargeron – tenor trombone, bass trombone
Virgil Blackwell – clarinet
Bob Carlisie – French horn
Clifford Carter – Hammond organ
Pete Christlieb – clarinet, tenor saxophone
Ronnie Cuber – baritone saxophone
Jacqui Danilow – bass
Charlie Davis – trumpet
Rick DePofi – tenor saxophone
Louise de Tullio – flute
Nathan East – bass
Lawrence Feldman – alto saxophone
David Finck – bass
David Foster – keyboards
Simon Franglen – Synclavier
Steve Gadd – drums
Terry Harrington – clarinet, tenor saxophone
Dave Hughart – bass played by
Harold Jones – drums
Jeff Kievit – trumpet
Chris Komer – French horn
Abe Laboriel Jr. – drum loop
Will Lee – bass
Diane Lesser – oboe
Warren Leuning – trumpet
Gayle Levant – harp
Tony Levin – bass
Charles Loper – trombone
Rob Mathes – Wurlitzer, keyboards, dobro, electric guitar
Bob McChesney – trombone
Edward Meares – bass
Jeff Mironov – electric guitar, slide guitar, additional guitars
Lanny Morgan – flute, alto flute, alto saxophone
John Moses – clarinet
Rob Mounsey – Theremin, keyboards, electric piano
Jack Nimitz – baritone saxophone, bass clarinet
Jim Pugh – tenor trombone
Carl Saunders – trumpet
Pamela Sklar – flute
Phillip Teele – trombone
Michael Thompson – guitar
David Tofani – tenor saxophone
Dave Trigg – trumpet
Terry Trotter – piano
Peter Wolf – musician

Charts

References

1999 albums
Natalie Cole albums
Albums produced by David Foster
Albums produced by Phil Ramone
Elektra Records albums


title: Battle of Centuripe

text:
The Battle of Centuripe was fought from 2 to 4 August 1943, as part of the Allied invasion of Sicily during World War II. The 78th Battleaxe Division, of the British Eighth Army, was engaged in fierce fighting around the town of Centuripe in the central portion of Sicily in the hill country between the Rivers Dittaìno and Salso. Centuripe, a hill town set on a very high rocky pinnacle and approached by only one steep and twisty road, itself was the key to the whole Adrano position, the capture of which would in turn force the Germans to withdraw to new positions. The British troops captured the town after heavy fighting and as a result caused the Germans to start contemplating abandoning Sicily altogether.

Background

The key position in the German defense line across Sicily was Centuripe, a village perched on the top of a formidable line of steep hills along with its precipitous sides which gave it an almost impregnable position. The lesser hills round it were well defended by the Germans and it was necessary for them to be mastered before Centuripe could be tackled. Defending this position was the Hermann Göring Division, consisting mostly of the 3rd Fallschirmjäger Regiment as part of Kampfgruppe von Carnap under Ludwig Heilmann. As well as the regiment, the kampfgruppe consisted of an artillery regiment and a number of reconnaissance units which included a number of tanks with supporting infantry units. Heilmann had replaced the commander Oberstleutenant Von Carnap after he had been killed by British artillery fire in late July.

The 78th Battleaxe Infantry Division, under the command of Major-General Vyvyan Evelegh, assembled for a drive towards Catenanuova and to capture Centuripe as part of Operation Hardgate. The country between the two villages was wild and rough with great rocky crags, similar to those among which the 78th had fought in the campaign in Tunisia, and this terrain covered the one mountain road between them. Evelegh ordered Brigadier Nelson Russell, commander of the 38th (Irish) Infantry Brigade, to take Centuripe, and the plan was for a night advance to be made with heavy artillery fire available at call. The 6th Battalion, Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers and the 1st Battalion, Royal Irish Fusiliers were given the main tasks, and the 2nd Battalion, London Irish Rifles were ordered to make a dangerous flanking manoeuvre.

On the evening of August 1 the London Irish moved to a lying-up area in the wadis below the foothills of Centuripe. No transport was able to get forward and that meant that all ammunition, food, and other supplies had to be man-handled causing a delay.

Battle
At noon next day the London Irish went forward to a line behind the 6th Battalion, Queen's Own Royal West Kent Regiment, of 36th Infantry Brigade, who were fighting in the hills behind Centuripe, and in the August heat they could see the village resting on the summit of the large hill. The job of the London Irish was to take three commanding hills, Points 704, 611, and 703 behind Centuripe but it was not known in what strength they were held by the Germans. It was hoped that most of German attention would be to the main battle and that they would concentrate on this rather than their rear.

The London Irish G and F Companies crossed the start-lines after a fifteen-minute warm-up by the 25-pounders, and they were soon on Points 704 and when G Company overwhelmed the position, H Company moved on to take Point 703. On the start-line they had some casualties as they had to face machine-guns from the hill and from the sides; G Company helped in silencing the enfilade fire, and when darkness came the London Irish consolidated on the ground gained. The third hill however still held out and the decision had to be made whether to wait until it had fallen, or to carry on without delay and rely on the preoccupation of the Germans with the left-flank attack. The latter course was taken; the Royal Irish Fusiliers put in their assault towards the north and rear of Centuripe, and the Inniskillings, who throughout had been in close contact with the Germans on the frontal sector, obtained a foothold on the southern edge of the village after a heavy barrage, which included scaling a 100-foot cliff.

The Royal Irish Fusiliers pushed through the northern end of the town, fighting was stubborn and hard; two German Panzer MKIII's created the most problems; there were no British tanks up in support and these were knocked out eventually by PIAT weapons. The Irish brigade then had the difficult task of house to house fighting which proved difficult against the tough paratroopers, by the evening it was thought the town was cleared but the Germans counterattacked and although it was largely repelled some units sneaked back in to snipe as the Irish cleared the streets and houses. Throughout the night more men from 38th Brigade moved into the town to reinforce those already there. Finally the Germans launched another counterattack but this time it was weak and easily repelled after which resistance began to fade.

Just before dawn on August 3 the whole of the environs including Centuripe fell to the Irish Brigade. The operation had been a tough one, in difficult country and chief credit for the success was due to the Inniskillings, who bore the brunt of the fighting.

In August 1943, there was no respite after Centuripe had been captured and the Irish Fusiliers mastered heights beyond the village, and the London Irish, marching through Centuripe, reached rising ground overlooking the River Salso. The transport had difficulty in getting down the winding road from Centuripe because of a large crater which took the sappers twelve hours to fill in and also because the Germans in their retreat scattered mortar bombs and shells in the area.

Aftermath

The successful capture of Centuripe had caused the whole German line to Catania to crack and thus had to withdraw to a new position: the Etna line. This however had to be abandoned and soon plans were made to abandon the island of Sicily as a whole.

The London Irish quickly reached high ground on the far side of the Salso, and at night 'E' and 'F' Companies got to the Simeto. As dusk approached, two platoons of 'G' Company moved across the river with reserve ammunition, mortars, and machine-guns for the immediate support of the two other companies. By darkness the bridgehead was secure and the Germans withdrew during the night so that in the morning a fighting patrol from the London Irish located the Germans half-way up the hills on top of which was the next objective, the much-bombed town of Adrano. That, however, was not an Irish Brigade task, for the two other brigades (11th and 36th) of the 78th Division went through. From the afternoon of August 1 to nightfall on August 5 the Irish Brigade had advanced twenty-five miles fighting battles at Centuripe, Salso, and the Simeto.

The battalion spent five days resting in the cool waters of the Simeto, by which time the rest of the division had captured Aderno and Bronte, and were holding the hills on the far side of the latter town. The crossing of the Salso and Simeto Rivers and the fall of Aderno had cut all the German lateral communications west and south of Mount Etna, and caused the fall of Paterno, Santa Maria, and Biancavilla. The 1st Royal Irish Fusiliers, in the meantime, had captured Capella and Monte Maletto and cleared the village. The fall of Maletto and the subsequent rapid approach to Randazzo forced the Germans on their last hurried withdrawal to the sea.

News of the capture of Centuripe was met with great enthusiasm, General Bernard Montgomery, the British Eighth Army commander, when shown the cliffs of the town after its capture shouted impossible!. The British Prime Minister, Winston Churchill mentioned the news of the capture in the House of Commons only a few days later, citing the capture as one of the greatest achievements in storming.

Noted participants
 Sir John Anthony Holt Saunders chairman of The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation in a supporting role with the East Surrey Regiment

References
Citations

Bibliography
  published in

External links
  London Irish Rifles Association

Allied invasion of Sicily
Battles of World War II involving Germany
Battles of World War II involving the United Kingdom
August 1943 events
Urban warfare


Great Britain women's national bandy team represents the United Kingdom in the sport of bandy. It is controlled by the Great Britain Bandy Association.

The team made its international debut at the 2022 Women's Bandy World Championship, finishing in 6th place overall among eight teams.

The team did not enter the 2023 championship.

Earlier attempt, for England
Coached by Hungarian former world championship player György Dragomir, a team representing England planned to participate at the 2014 Women's Bandy World Championship. but was eventually not scheduled to appear.

See also
 Bandy
 Rink bandy
 Women's Bandy World Championship
 Sweden women's national bandy team
 Russia women's national bandy team
 Finland women's national bandy team
 Norway women's national bandy team
 Switzerland women's national bandy team
 China women's national bandy team
 Canada women's national bandy team
 United States women's national bandy team
 Hungary women's national bandy team
 Soviet Union women's national bandy team

References

External links
 Great Britain national women's bandy team (Instagram)

National bandy teams
Bandy
Bandy in the United Kingdom


title: Black Market International

text:
Black Market International (BMI) is a performance artist collective with international members, each with an established and independent practice as a solo performer. Since 1985 the group has presented durational collective performances worldwide.

The movement was founded under the name Market project in 1985 in Poznan (Poland) with founders Boris Nieslony, Zygmunt Piotrowski, Tomas Ruller and Jürgen Fritz. In 1986 for the first European tour the name Black Market was taken. In 1990/91 the group appeared as Black Market International, with personal changes .

There have been a variety of different versions of what BMI is about, as the group always avoided the definition of an organised group. The title Black Market does not designate a group, but rather an idea of working. The aim is to promote - like in a black market - open and free exchange of ideas, and to achieve an Art of Encounter, or  mixed englisch-german “Art of Begegnung”.

Members
Until 2014, the group had twelve regular members:
 Jürgen Fritz, Germany
 Norbert Klassen, Switzerland (died in 2011)
 Miriam Laplante, Canada/Italy
 Alastair MacLennan, UK
 Helge Meyer, Germany
 Boris Nieslony, Germany
 Jacques Maria van Poppel, Netherlands
 Elvira Santamaria, Mexico
 Marco Teubner, Germany
 Julie Andree T., Canada
 Roi Vaara, Finland
 Lee Wen, Singapore.

Past Black Market International members were:
 Zygmunt Piotrowski, Poland
 Tomas Ruller, Czech Republic
 Nigel Rolfe, Ireland
 Zbigniew Warpechowski, Poland.
Several international guest artists have been invited to collaborate in BMI performances throughout the years.

See also
 Performance art
 Fluxus
 Experimental theatre
 Living theatre
 Intermedia
 Norbert Klassen
 Alastair MacLennan
 Lee Wen
 List of performance artists

References

External links
 Official website of Black Market International
 Timeline of Black Market International history and activities on the website of ASA Art Service Association
 Michael LaChance, Performance Art Research. “15 principles of Black Market International"
 About BMI on member Boris Nieslony’s official website
 About BMI on member Myriam Laplante’s official website
 About BMI on member Lee Wen’s official website

German performance artists
Swiss performance artists
Performance artist collectives


title: Athletics at the 2001 Summer Universiade – Women's 400 metres hurdles

text:
The women's 400 metres hurdles event at the 2001 Summer Universiade was held at the Workers Stadium in Beijing, China on 30–31 August.

Medalists

Results

Heats

Semifinals

Final

References

Athletics at the 2001 Summer Universiade
2001 in women's athletics
2001