title: Andrew J. Elliot

text:
Andrew J. Elliot (born 1962) is a professor of psychology at the University of Rochester. His research on the hierarchical model of approach and avoidance motivation focuses on combining classic and contemporary methods to test various theories. Elliot's work in social psychology is cited frequently by those in the field, causing him to be named one of Thomson Reuters' ISI Highly Cited for the Social Sciences in 2010.

Elliot received his B.A in 1985 at Taylor University in Indiana, and then went on to secure a Ph.D. in Social-Personality Psychology at the University of Wisconsin–Madison in 1994.  He has served on the editorial boards of multiple psychological journals, and he is currently editor of Advances in Motivation Science and consulting editor to the Journal of Educational Psychology, the Journal of Personality, and the Personality and Social Psychology Review. He was also the Churchill Fellow at Cambridge University in 2010, and has served as the Visiting Senior Fellow at Jesus College in Oxford University during the 2013–2014 academic year. He was awarded the 2003 Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel Research award for mid-career contributions to Psychology, and 2013 Ed and Carol Diener Award for Outstanding Contributions to Personality Psychology. He is the recipient of  several grants to continue his work from many research foundations including Institute of Education Sciences and the Humboldt Foundation.

Elliot's research focuses have had many different facets, although his primary focus is on achievement motivation and approach-avoidance motivation more generally.

Selected works

Books
Elliot, A.J. (2008) Handbook of Approach and Avoidance Motivation New York: Taylor and Francis Group.
Elliot, A.J. and Dweck, Carol S. (2005) Handbook of Competence and Motivation New York: The Guildford Press.

Papers
Korn, R. M., & Elliot, A. J. (2016). The 2 × 2 Standpoints Model of Achievement Goals. Frontiers in Psychology, 7(May), 1–12.
Roskes, M., Elliot, A.J., Nijstad, B., & De Dreu, C.K.W. (2013). Avoidance motivation and conservation of energy. Emotion Review, 5, 264–268.
Law, W., Elliot, A.J., & Murayama, K. (2012). Perceived competence moderates the relation between performance-approach and performance-avoidance goals. Journal of Educational Psychology, 104, 806–819.
Murayama, K., & Elliot, A.J. (2011). Achievement motivation and memory: Achievement Goals differentially influence immediate and delayed remember-know recognition memory. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 37, 1339–1348.

References

External links

 Approach-Avoidance Research Group

University of Rochester faculty
1962 births
Living people
American social psychologists
Taylor University alumni
University of Wisconsin–Madison alumni


title: Rotating disk viscometer

text:
The Rotating disk viscometer, or "Mooney Machine" as it is sometimes referred to in the rubber industry, is the standard viscometer for measuring material viscosity and scorch time for rubber before vulcanization. It was developed in the 1930s by Melvin Mooney. For a specific temperature, scorch time describes how long it will take the material to vulcanize.  For example, a scorch time at ambient temperature indicates the rubber will be able to remain unvulcanized at room temperature for an extended period of time.

Overview
The Mooney machine itself consists of a cylindrical, serrated, metal disk designed to hold a material sample without slippage during rotation.  This disk is surrounded by a die chamber where the rubber is pressed with 2500 pounds of force.  The rubber is then warmed for two minutes.  Next, the serrated disk is rotated, in one direction only, at a speed of 2 revolutions per minute, while the torque required to rotate the disk is recorded.  The torque decrease per time can be directly related to viscosity.

As the material further warms during initial rotation of the serrated disk and the rubber begins to shear, the viscosity lowers and torque required decreases.  Eventually, the torque will reach an inflection point, where the rubber begins to vulcanize and torque begins increasing.  A shear pin on the machine prevents damage as the testing material stiffens.  Comparing the torque versus time curves for different materials allows direct correlation of material viscosity and scorch time.

References

Measurement


The America's Small Business Tax Relief Act of 2014 () is a bill that would amend section 179 of the Internal Revenue Code, which mostly affects small- to medium-sized businesses, to retroactively and permanently extend from January 1, 2014, increased the cap on the amount of investment that can be immediately deducted from taxable income. The bill would return the tax code to its 2013 status and make the change permanent.

The bill was introduced into the United States House of Representatives during the 113th United States Congress.

Background
In 2013, businesses could write-off the full cost of some capital investments up to $500,000 per investment and a total of $2 million. After that provision of the tax code expired, the limit was dropped to $25,000 per investment and a total of only $200,000.

Provisions of the bill
This summary is based largely on the summary provided by the Congressional Research Service, a public domain source.

The America's Small Business Tax Relief Act of 2014 would amend the Internal Revenue Code, with respect to the expensing allowance for depreciable business property, to make permanent: (1) the increased $500,000 expensing allowance for such property, (2) the increased $2,000,000 threshold amount for such property over which the amount of the expensing allowance is reduced, (3) expensing of computer software, and (4) rules for the expensing of qualified real property (i.e., leasehold improvement, restaurant, and retail improvement property).  The bill would allow an inflation adjustment to the dollar amounts of the expensing allowance for taxable years beginning after 2014. The bill would eliminate the exclusion of air conditioning and heating units as property eligible for the expensing allowance.

Congressional Budget Office report
This summary is based largely on the summary provided by the Congressional Budget Office, as ordered reported by the House Committee on Ways and Means on April 29, 2014. This is a public domain source.

H.R. 4457 would amend section 179 of the Internal Revenue Code, which mostly affects small- to medium-sized businesses, to retroactively and permanently extend from January 1, 2014, increased limitations on the amount of investment that can be immediately deducted from taxable income. H.R. 4457 also indexes the limitations for inflation and expands the definition of property that qualifies for that immediate deduction.

Permanently extending to $500,000 the annual cost of property eligible for expensing under section 179, expanding the qualifying property eligible under section 179, and indexing the amounts for inflation, would allow firms to deduct immediately from their taxable income the full costs of up to $500,000 in investment of certain equipment from their taxable income, instead of spreading the costs out over time. The benefit of the immediate expensing phases out if total qualifying investment exceeds $2 million, indexed for inflation.

The staff of the Joint Committee on Taxation (JCT) estimates that enacting H.R. 4457 would reduce revenues, thus increasing federal deficits, by about $73 billion over the 2014-2024 period.

The Statutory Pay-As-You-Go Act of 2010 establishes budget-reporting and enforcement procedures for legislation affecting direct spending and revenues. Enacting H.R. 4457 would result in revenue losses in each year beginning in 2014.

JCT has determined that the bill contains no intergovernmental or private-sector mandates as defined in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act.

Procedural history
The America's Small Business Tax Relief Act of 2014 was introduced into the United States House of Representatives on April 10, 2014 by Rep. Patrick J. Tiberi (R, OH-12). The bill was referred to the United States House Committee on Ways and Means. It was reported (amended) on May 2, 2014 alongside House Report 113-432. The bill was scheduled to be considered on June 12, 2014.

Debate and discussion
According to the Tax Foundation, "raising the Section 179 expensing limits to 2013 levels and making them permanent is a positive move." They argued that "the uncertainty created by having a temporary tax law that needs to be renewed periodically reduces its effectiveness in promoting business investments and economic growth."

The Association of Equipment Manufacturers (AEM) strongly supporting the bill. AEM President Dennis Slater said that "small businesses have been especially hard hit and still trying to recover from the Great Recession; permanent Section 179 expensing reduces uncertainty so owners can make longer-term business decisions that ensure their companies continue to grow and provide jobs. This legislation will help small businesses not only more easily reinvest in their businesses, but also invest in a stronger America."

Dan Danner, the president and CEO of the National Federation of Independent Business, argued that Congress could help small business by passing the bill since it would enable small businesses to "plan for the future, invest in the economy and hire new workers."

Rep. Sander Levin (D-MI) said he would vote against the bill because he thinks "voting permanent is counter-productive." Levin thought the bill would increase the deficit. Rep. Richard Neal (D-MA) also said he was opposed to the bill, but did favor extending the tax cut for two years.

The White House issued a veto threat against the bill.

See also
List of bills in the 113th United States Congress

References

External links

Library of Congress - Thomas H.R. 4457
beta.congress.gov H.R. 4457
GovTrack.us H.R. 4457
OpenCongress.org H.R. 4457
WashingtonWatch.com H.R. 4457
Congressional Budget Office's report on H.R. 4457
House Republican Conference's legislative digest on H.R. 4457

Proposed legislation of the 113th United States Congress
Taxation in the United States


title: Jou (Murça)

text:
Jou is a parish of the municipality of Murça, Vila Real District, in northeast Portugal. The population in 2011 was 654, in an area of 37.29 km2.

References

Freguesias of Murça


title: Peter Booth Wiley

text:
Peter Booth Wiley (born 1942) has served as Chairman of the Board of John Wiley & Sons since 2002 and has been a member of the board since 1984. He represents the sixth generation of Wileys to have a leadership role at the company.

Biography
Wiley received a B.A. in English literature from Williams College and an M.A. in United States history from the University of Wisconsin–Madison.

He is Chairman of the Library and Technology Advisory Council for the California Polytechnic University at San Luis Obispo and serves on the Board of Directors of the University of California Press. He served on Board of Directors of the Friends of the San Francisco Public Library (1996-2013) and chaired its Development Committee during the successful Neighbor Library Campaign that led to the remodeling of branch libraries and the construction of new branches. He has lectured on the history and future of publishing, San Francisco history and architecture, and the writing experience.

As an author, he has published several books, including National Trust Guide: San Francisco 'America's Guide for Architecture and History Travelers, Yankees in the Land of the Gods: Commodore Perry and the Opening of Japan and Empires in the Sun: The Rise of the New American West.

References

1942 births
Living people
Williams College alumni
University of Wisconsin–Madison College of Letters and Science alumni
Wiley (publisher)
20th-century American businesspeople


title: Nikola Cvetinović

text:
Nikola Cvetinović (born December 19, 1988) is a Serbian professional basketball player for Steaua Bucharest of the Liga Nationala. He played college basketball at the University of Akron.

Professional career
On July 18, 2012, he signed with AEK Larnaca of Cyprus for the 2012–13 season. On October 19, 2013, he signed with BC Brno of the Czech Republic. On December 12, 2013, he signed with CB Valladolid of the Spanish Liga ACB.

After several injuries, on December 30, 2014, Cvetinović signs with Unión Financiera Baloncesto Oviedo of the Spanish second division for the rest of the season. In December 2015, he signed with BC Dzūkija of the Lithuanian Basketball League. He left the club after appearing in only two games. In February 2016, he signed with Slovakian club Inter Bratislava for the rest of the season.

In September 2016, he signed with Araberri BC of the LEB Oro. In August 2017, he moved to Palencia Baloncesto.

On January 4, 2022, Cvetinović signed with Okapi Aalst of the BNXT League. He averaged 11 points and 2.6 rebounds per game in five games. Cvetinović parted ways with the team on February 18.

Serbian national team
Cvetinović was member of the team that represented Serbia at the 2011 Summer Universiade in Shenzhen, finishing as the gold medal winners.

References

External links
ACB.com Profile
Akron Zips Bio
Eurobasket.com Profile
FIBA.com Profile
RealGM.com Profile

1988 births
Living people
AEK Larnaca B.C. players
Akron Zips men's basketball players
Araberri BC players
BC Brno players
BC Dzūkija players
BK Inter Bratislava players
CB Valladolid players
Liga ACB players
Oviedo CB players
Palencia Baloncesto players
Sportspeople from Loznica
Serbian expatriate basketball people in Cyprus
Serbian expatriate basketball people in the Czech Republic
Serbian expatriate basketball people in Lithuania
Serbian expatriate basketball people in Slovakia
Serbian expatriate basketball people in Spain
Serbian expatriate basketball people in the United States
Serbian men's basketball players
FISU World University Games gold medalists for Serbia
Universiade medalists in basketball
Power forwards (basketball)
Okapi Aalstar players
Medalists at the 2011 Summer Universiade


title: Khuuchir

text:
The khuuchir is a bowed musical instrument of Mongolia.

The more popular of the hu'kin instruments, "erhu", which means "two" (of the hu'kin) in Chinese, referring to the two strings o fhe instrument. A four-stringed version is called the "si'khuu or sihu", with si (meaning four) replacing er (two).
The erhu can be traced back to instruments introduced into China more than a thousand years ago. It is believed to have evolved from the xiqin. The xiqin is believed to have come from ancient nomadic Hu-people, specifically the Xí tribe of who lived at the borders of ancient Chinese kingdoms. The name huqin literally means "instrument of the Hu people", showing that the instrument may have originated from regions to the north, west or northeastern extremities of ancient China, generally inhabited by nomadic people on the extremities of past Chinese kingdoms.

See also
Music of Mongolia
Music of Central Asia

References

External links
ОДНОО /khuuchir/ - MELODY

Mongolian musical instruments


title: Katherine Devereux Blake

text:
Katherine Devereux Umsted Blake (July 10, 1858 – February 2, 1950) was an American educator, peace activist, women's rights activist, and writer. She served for 34 years as the first principal of PS 6, a.k.a. The Lillie Devereaux Blake School.

Early years and education
Katherine Devereux Umsted Blake was born in New York City, on July 10, 1858. Her parents were Frank Geoffrey Quay Umsted and Lillie Devereux Blake. She was educated at Miss Walker's School, and St. Mary's School. She graduated from the Normal College, 1876. She studied at the School of Pedagogy, New York University, 1887–88.

Career
Blake served as Principal of Public School No. 6, in 1894. She organized the first evening high school for women in New York City, 1897. She served as Chair of the committee of teachers and principals that framed and presented to Mayor William Russell Grace the petition asking for the appointment of women on the Board of Education. She called together the committee of women teachers and principals who made the first effort to secure adequate salaries for city teachers. She spoke in reply to President Franklin D. Roosevelt when he addressed the National Educational Association. She compiled the first statistics showing the number of dark and badly lit rooms in public schools. She was a contributor of verse and prose to periodicals. Blake served as vice-president of the Association of Women Principals of New York City. She was a member of the Special New York City Commission of the National Educational Association, and the Executive Committee of the Normal College Alumnae. She was also a charter member of the Society of Political Study. Blake favored woman suffrage.

Activism
Blake was a peace activist and a suffragist. Among her peace activism activities she served as the New York Chair of the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom. Included in her suffragist activities she marched with hundreds of teachers in the 1915 New York parade sponsored by the Woman Suffrage Association.

Blake died in St. Louis, Missouri on February 2, 1950.

References

Bibliography

External links

 Katherine Devereux Blake Papers, 1858-1950, Sophia Smith Collection, Smith College.

1858 births
1950 deaths
Suffragists from New York (state)
Nonviolence advocates
Schoolteachers from New York (state)
American women educators
Activists from New York City


title: Columbus Pride

text:
Columbus Pride (or Stonewall Columbus Pride Parade) is an LGBTQ festival in Columbus, Ohio hosted by Stonewall Columbus. The event first took place in 1981, and has grown into the second largest LGBT pride event in the Midwest, behind Chicago. The pride parades typically include marching bands, firetrucks, motorcycles, and floats covered in rainbow flags or balloons.

History
The city's first pride parade took place in 1981, and it drew roughly 200 people. Several of the attendees were afraid of marching so publicly, and they wore bags over their heads, so they could hide their identities.

Early pride parades in Columbus were met with anti-LGBTQ protesters. This includes the 1983 event, when demonstrators attributed HIV/AIDS to homosexuality. Additionally, two protesters tore down a pride flag from the Ohio Statehouse and burned it in 1999. The two were charged with riot and disorderly conduct and criminal damaging. In 2001, one of them subsequently returned and burned another pride flag during Columbus Pride.

In 2017, a controversy arose when four protesters were arrested during the Columbus Pride parade. Members of the community called for the organization's leadership to resign. Instead, the executive director of Stonewall Columbus retired in the following year.

In 2014, Stonewall Columbus estimated the event had over 300,000 participants. By 2018, the event rivaled Chicago in attendance. In 2019, Columbus Pride hosted roughly 500,000 people, which at the time made it the city's largest pride festival to date.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, the 2020 parade was postponed and ultimately canceled. Organizers moved to virtual events that took place later in the year. In 2023, the event hosted over 700,000 people, becoming the largest Columbus Pride parade to date.

Notable appearances
Several notable people have appeared at this event in recent years. For instance, organizers hosted actor George Takei in 2014 and Jim Obergefell, of Obergefell v. Hodges, in 2015. More recently, Carmen Carrera, who is a transgender actress, was the event's "Patron of Pride" in 2022.  Transgender rights activist Dorian Rhea Debussy was one of the "Icons of Pride" for the event in 2023. In 2023 musical artist Trey Pearson performed at the event.

References

External links

1981 establishments in Ohio
Culture of Columbus, Ohio
Festivals in Ohio
LGBT events in Ohio
Recurring events established in 1981
Events in Columbus, Ohio


title: Agnès Callamard

text:
Agnès Callamard is a French human-rights activist who is the Secretary General of Amnesty International. She was previously the Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary, or arbitrary executions appointed by the United Nations Human Rights Council, and the former Director of the Columbia University Global Freedom of Expression project.

Early life and education
Callamard received her undergraduate degree from the Institut d'Etudes Politiques de Grenoble in 1985. She earned a master's degree in international and African studies from Howard University in 1988. Callamard received a PhD in Political Science from the New School for Social Research in New York City, with a thesis titled "Populations Under Fire, Population Under Stress: A Study of Mozambican Refugees and Malawian villagers in Malawi" in 1995.

Career

Callamard has conducted human-rights investigations in a number of countries in Africa, Asia, and the Middle East. She has published in the field of human rights, women's rights, refugee movements and accountability. Callamard has worked extensively in the field of international refugee movements, including work with the Center for Refugee Studies in Toronto.

In May 2017, Callamard attended a conference in the Philippines, which was followed by her Wikipedia page being vandalized. Callamard stated that the visit was not in an official capacity.

Amnesty International
From 1998 to 2001, Callamard was Chef de Cabinet for the Secretary General of Amnesty International and the organisation's Research Policy Coordinator.

In January 2013, Callamard tweeted that Shimon Peres had supposedly admitted in a New York Times interview that Yasser Arafat was murdered. In April 2021, Amnesty International released a statement that the tweet was not reflective of the position of Amnesty International or Callamard. Jewish News wrote "[t]he tweet was still available on Callamard's account".

Other work
In 2001, Callamard was the founding director of HAP International (the Humanitarian Accountability Partnership, created in 2003) where she oversaw field trials in Afghanistan, Cambodia and Sierra Leone and created an international self-regulatory body for humanitarian agencies committed to strengthening accountability to disaster-affected populations. She was in this position until 2004.

In October 2004, Callamard took the position of Executive Director of Article 19, an international human-rights organization.

In November 2013, Callamard was appointed Director of Columbia University's Global Freedom of Expression initiative.

In 2016 she was nominated by France to become the fourth OSCE Special Representative on Freedom of the Media. Despite being a popular choice to replace Dunja Mijatović her nomination was strongly opposed by Russia and other eastern European countries.

United Nations
Callamard was the United Nations Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions, appointed by the UN Human Rights Council resolution A/HRC/RES/35/15 of 22 June 2017 for a 3 years mandate and finishing on 31 March 2021. In 2019 she led the human rights inquiry into the assassination of Saudi journalist Jamal Khashoggi. Her findings were presented to the UN Human Rights Council in June 2019. After the report was published, she said that a senior Saudi official twice threatened to have her killed if she was not reined in by the UN.

She concluded that the drone strike on Iranian General Qasem Soleimani was unlawful as part of advance version of her report on "Report of the Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions" for the Forty-fourth session of the Human Rights Council.

Amnesty International
She returned to Amnesty International after twenty years, as Secretary General, in March 2021. She leads the organization's human-rights work and is its chief spokesperson. She is responsible for providing overall leadership of the International Secretariat, including setting the strategic direction for the organisation and managing relations with Amnesty International’s national entities.

Works and publications

References

External links

 Agnes Callamard at Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR)
 Article 19

  published September 28, 2019 Frontline (American TV program)

French human rights activists
Women human rights activists
Living people
Amnesty International people
The New School alumni
United Nations special rapporteurs
French officials of the United Nations
1960s births
Date of birth missing (living people)


title: Salmson 4

text:
The Salmson 4 AB.2, or SAL-4 AB.2 (AB.2 - Reconnaissance Bomber two-seat) was a two-seat bomber designed and built in France during the closing stages of World War I.

Design and development
A variant of the Salmson 2, the Salmson 4 was essentially an enlarged version with a greater wingspan, three bay wings of greater area, enlarged vertical tail surfaces and detail changes to the engine installation. Twelve aircraft were built for l'Aéronautique Militaire before the end of World War I, all of which were assigned to operational escadrilles in anticipation of widespread deployment following orders for mass production, which were cancelled with the end of the war. They were withdrawn in 1920.

Specifications (SAL-4 AB.2)

See also

References

Notes

Citations

Bibliography

1910s French military reconnaissance aircraft
Biplanes
Salmson aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1918


title: Institute of Ecosystem Study

text:
The Institute of Ecosystem Study (, abbreviated ISE) was one of the institutes of the Italian National Research Council (CNR) from 2002 to 2018.

Research topics
Research at ISE was mostly on environmental issues, especially on:
 impact of global change,
 conservation and recovery of ecosystems,
 freshwater ecology,
 soil functioning,
 biology and technology of photosyntethic microorganisms,
 applied ecology and biological pest control.

Organisation and units
The four units of ISE were:
 The headquarters in Verbania Pallanza, mostly dealing with limnology. It is now part of CNR IRSA.
 The unit in Firenze, in the research area of Sesto Fiorentino, deals with population dynamics, in waters and soils. It is now part of CNR IRET.
 The unit in Pisa works on chemical, biochemical and physical aspects determining soil quality. It is now part of CNR IRET.
 The unit in Sassari, in the research area of Li Punti, works on integrated pest management. It is now part of CNR IRET.

History
The headquarters of ISE in Verbania Pallanza started working as a research center in 1938 on Lake Maggiore, as the Italian Institute of Hydrobiology, as a will of Rosa Curioni in memory of her husband, the limnologist Marco De Marchi, to whom the institute was dedicated.

During the Second World War life in the Institutes was difficult, due to economic shortages and lack of communication. Nevertheless, important scientists were based here during that time: Adriano Buzzati-Traverso, Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza, Vittorio Tonolli and Giuseppe Ramazzotti. In 1944 the genetics section started working on Drosophila. After the war, research in the Institutes became more focused on freshwater ecology. Several limnologists passed through the institute, most notably: Ramon Margalef, G. Evelyn Hutchinson, Richard Vollenweider, Charles Goldman, Robert G. Wetzel and W. Thomas Edmondson.

The Institute entered CNR in 1977, and in 2002 ISE started its existence, with the inclusion of the units in Firenze, Pisa and Sassari. From October 2018, the institute was dismantled and each of the research units of ISE was included in other institutes of CNR.

Publications
The Journal of Limnology was the official international journal of the ISE headquarters in Verbania, and it is now the official international journal of IRSA. It publishes papers on limnology. It started in 1999 as a continuation of the Memorie dell’Istituto Italiano di Idrobiologia (1942–1998). It is currently published by PAGEPress, is completely free to read and is listed in the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ).

Tropical Zoology was the official international journal of the unit in Firenze. It publishes papers on zoology in tropical areas. It started in 1988 as a continuation of the Monitore Zoologico Italiano (1966–1987). It is currently published by Taylor&Francis.

In the last thirty years the researchers of ISE published more than 2,000 scientific papers, resulting in more than 40,000 citations.

References

External links

 IRSA official webpage
 CNR official webpage
 Journal of Limnology official webpage
 Tropical Zoology official webpage
 Lehman, 2000. "We learned how to live in Pallanza". Journal of Limnology 59: 1-3

1938 establishments in Italy
Research institutes in Italy


title: Mac in a Sac

text:
Mac in a Sac is a waterproof jacket, manufactured by Target Dry in Belfast, Northern Ireland The jacket has been produced since 1987 and sold across Europe. As well as jackets, the company makes overtrousers, ponchos and full length coats.

The company also moved into e-commerce in 2010, starting up their own website

Reviewing the Mac in a Sac, The Spokesman said it was a good purchase for a casual "just in case" user, but suggested it was not suitable for serious hikers.

References

External links
 Mac in a Sac Website

Outdoor clothing brands


title: Octavio Rivero

text:
Raúl Octavio Rivero Falero (born 24 January 1992), known as Octavio Rivero, is a Uruguayan footballer who last played as a striker for Chilean Primera División side Unión Española.

Career

Beginnings and Uruguay teams
Rivero began his playing career at local club Huracán de Treinta y Tres, where despite being a striker he also played as an attacking midfielder. In 2008, he moved to Montevideo to play for Defensor Sporting and remained on the club's youth program for four years.

He joined Central Español in 2012, where his professional career began, and debuted for the first team in a game against Danubio. In his first season as a professional he played 16 games as a starter and finished the championship with three goals. For the next championship he was transferred to Rentistas and begins the most successful cycle of his career as the top scorer of the club with 10 goals and is one of the principal figures of the team finishing the season as one of the top scorers of the Uruguayan Clausura 2014 helping Rentistas qualify to the Copa Sudamericana 2014.

O'Higgins
His great performances with Rentistas led him to sign for Chilean Champion O'Higgins in 2014, where he scored 10 goals in 16 matches, being one of the best players of the Chilean championship.

Vancouver Whitecaps FC

Rivero's success at O'Higgins attracted the interest of Vancouver Whitecaps FC of Major League Soccer who signed Rivero as a young designated player on 25 December 2014. He scored his first goal for the Whitecaps on his debut, against Toronto FC, giving Vancouver a 1–0 lead, but they ended up losing the game 3–1.  Rivero followed up on his goal with an 86th-minute winner away at Chicago Fire to earn his team a 1–0 win.  Rivero continued his impressive goal scoring form to start his Whitecaps career with his third goal in three games, this time another game winner deep into second half stoppage time away at Orlando City SC, again to earn his team a 1–0 win.  After scoring three goals in four games, Rivero was named MLS Player of the Month for the month of March 2015.  On 4 April, his fifth game with Vancouver, he temporarily took over the league lead in goals with four goals in five games after scoring his team's second goal in a 2–0 win over the LA Galaxy. After that Rivero scored another goal against the Columbus Crew SC in a 2–2 draw earning him a league-leading five goals in six games for the Whitecaps. On 6 July 2016, Rivero completed a transfer to Colo-Colo on the same day that the Chilean club's coaching staff resigned.

Santos Laguna

Rivero joined Liga MX team Santos Laguna on a loan in January 2020.

Unión Española
After being a free agent during 2022, he joined Unión Española for the second half of the 2022 Chilean Primera División.

Career statistics

Club

References

External links

1992 births
Living people
People from Treinta y Tres
Uruguayan men's footballers
Uruguayan expatriate men's footballers
Central Español players
C.A. Rentistas players
O'Higgins F.C. footballers
Vancouver Whitecaps FC players
Colo-Colo footballers
Atlas F.C. footballers
Club Nacional de Football players
Santos Laguna footballers
Unión La Calera footballers
Unión Española footballers
Uruguayan Primera División players
Chilean Primera División players
Major League Soccer players
Liga MX players
Designated Players (MLS)
Uruguayan expatriate sportspeople in Chile
Expatriate men's footballers in Chile
Uruguayan expatriate sportspeople in Canada
Expatriate men's soccer players in Canada
Uruguayan expatriate sportspeople in Mexico
Expatriate men's footballers in Mexico
Uruguay men's youth international footballers
Men's association football forwards


title: Tigre reale

text:
Tigre reale (The royal tigress) is a 1916 silent film directed by Giovanni Pastrone under the name Piero Fosco, adapting the eponymous 1875 novel by Giovanni Verga.

Plot
Giorgio La Ferlita, Italian diplomat in Paris, falls in love during a reception with the Russian countess Natka, who is told to have led to death her former lover.

Once they have become lovers, she tells him about her past. She was unhappily married, and fell in love with another man named Dolski. When her husband discovered their affair, he had his rival confined  in Siberia. Natka followed Dolski in Siberia, but when she finally found him, she discovered that he was with another woman. She ran away and refused to see him any more. Desperate, he committed suicide in front of her door.

After telling Ferlita her story, the countess dismisses him and disappears. After searching in vain during a few months, the diplomat decides to marry the rich Erminia. During his engagement party, he receives a letter from Natka, asking him to join her at a hotel. He leaves the party and comes to her room to find that she has taken a poison and is shaken by convulsions. A short-circuit sets the hotel on fire and her husband, mad with jealousy, locks them in the room. They manage to escape by jumping out of the window while her husband is killed in the fire.

Cast
 Pina Menichelli: Contessa Natka
 Alberto Nepoti: Giorgio La Ferlita
 Febo Mari: Dolski
 Valentina Frascaroli: Erminia
 Ernesto Vaser: il droghiere

Production
The film was produced by Itala Film, the company created by Carlo Rossi and Giovanni Pastrone, alias Piero Fosco.

Critical reception
According to Eugenia Paulicelli, Pina Menichelli in Tigre Reale "is the sex symbol of Italian divas (...) and epitomizes what Fuchs has identified as the notion of appearing naked in full dress. (...) In a magisterial scene, (...) she devours a bouquet of roses, putting them in her mouth and eating them a scene that has overly sexual overtones." Salvador Dali was touched by Menichelli's performance and said "In those days characterized by such a violent eroticism, palms and magnolias were bitten off and devoured by these women."
Catherine Ramsey-Portolano considers that Tigre Reale enforces "the role of the female character as representative of power by avoiding the association of the diva with notions of wrongdoing, accomplished through the sublimation of her responsibility and guilt into illness and suffering."

 IMDb
 Italy	:    9 November 1916
 Spain	:    15 December 1916
 Portugal:  12 February 1919
 Japan  :   April 1919

Bibliography
 V. Attolini - Storia del cinema letterario in cento film - Recco, Le Mani editore, .

References

External links

Tigre reale (1916) The Royal Tigress at A Cinema History

1916 films
Italian silent feature films
Italian black-and-white films
Films based on Italian novels
Films based on works by Giovanni Verga
Films directed by Giovanni Pastrone


title: The Boat Race 1986

text:
The 132nd Boat Race took place on 29 March 1986.  Held annually, the Boat Race is a side-by-side rowing race between crews from the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge along the River Thames.  Cambridge won by seven lengths and took their first victory in eleven years, in one of the fastest winning times in the history of the event. Isis won the reserve race, while Oxford were victorious in the Women's Boat Race.

Background
The Boat Race is a side-by-side rowing competition between the University of Oxford (sometimes referred to as the "Dark Blues") and the University of Cambridge (sometimes referred to as the "Light Blues").  First held in 1829, the race takes place on the  Championship Course on the River Thames in southwest London.  The rivalry is a major point of honour between the two universities and followed throughout the United Kingdom and broadcast worldwide. Oxford went into the race as reigning champions, having beaten Cambridge by  lengths in the previous year's race.  However Cambridge held the overall lead, with 68 victories to Oxford's 62 (excluding the "dead heat" of 1877) despite Oxford having won the previous ten races.

The first Women's Boat Race took place in 1927, but did not become an annual fixture until the 1960s. Up until 2014, the contest was conducted as part of the Henley Boat Races, but as of the 2015 race, it is held on the River Thames, on the same day as the men's main and reserve races.  The reserve race, contested between Oxford's Isis boat and Cambridge's Goldie boat has been held since 1965.  It usually takes place on the Tideway, prior to the main Boat Race.

The race was sponsored by Ladbrokes for the tenth consecutive year, estimated to be worth about £30,000 to each boat club, and was umpired by former Cambridge rower Mike Sweeney.

Crews
The Oxford crew weighed an average of over  per rower more than Cambridge. Cambridge's crew featured only two rowers over the age of 24 while Oxford had just three men under 25. Oxford saw three Blues return while Cambridge welcomed back four. The Cambridge crew featured three international rowers: two Canadians (Gibson and Wilson), and the American Pew.  The Light Blue cox, Carole Burton, was the first woman to steer the Cambridge boat. Oxford's MacDonald was the oldest in the race at the age of 30, he was accompanied in the boat by international rowers Clark and Livingstone from the United States and Jones from Australia. Dan Topolski was the Oxford coach while Cambridge relied on Alan Inns and Canadian Olympic coach Neil Campbell. Cambridge were clear favourites to win, but prior to the race, Topolski claimed his crew had "pulled themselves back into contention by sheer hard work."

Races

Oxford won the toss and elected to start from the Surrey station.  The predicted severe wind did not materialise and from the start, Cambridge pulled ahead. A half-length lead by the end of Putney boathouses became a two length lead by Hammersmith Bridge, and Cambridge's cox Burton steered towards the safer Surrey side, extending Cambridge's lead to 14 seconds by Chiswick Steps.  Continuing to pull away, Cambridge passed the finishing post 21 seconds and seven lengths ahead of Oxford.  It was the sixth fastest time in the history of the race. This was Cambridge's first victory in eleven years and took the overall record to 69–62 in favour of Cambridge.

In the reserve race, Oxford's Isis beat Cambridge's Goldie by six lengths, while Oxford won the 41st Women's Boat Race.

Reaction
The trophy was presented by former Cambridge student Prince Edward. Cambridge stroke John Pritchard said "After our initial start we built up for 20 strokes, steadied and then just grinded away." He added "I was just stirring the tea while the others did the work." Cambridge cox Carole Burton noted "I went where I wanted to go." Following tradition, Pritchard picked her up and threw her into the river. Oxford's Jones remarked "we were as well prepared as last year but we found no magic." Topolski conceded that even had Oxford been at their best, they would still have lost the race.

References

External links
 Official website

1986 in English sport
The Boat Race
March 1986 sports events in the United Kingdom
1986 in rowing
1986 sports events in London


title: Perur Santhalinga Swamigal

text:
Santhalinga Swamigal (Santhalingam) was a Saiva spiritual writer in Perur, known as West-Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu.
Santhalinga swamigal was born to a Tamil-speaking family. That village is called Perur in Tamil Nadu, South India into an orthodox Saiva Tamil family around the middle of the 17th century.

Early life
St. Santhalingar lived in Perur three hundred years ago. Perur is known as Chidambaram west. (The chidambaram East is in South Arcot Dt.) It is believed that he should have been born either in the "Nadu Nadu" or "Thondai Nadu" where the 'Vira Saiva' religion, was popular. From his very childhood he developed love to serve Lord Siva ascetics, to respect and revere the symbols of Siva, namely Vibuthi and Rudraksha. His company with holy people inducted him to perceive the vanity of the worldly things. He abhorred the idea of birth and rebirth. He under took a pilgrimage to all the holy cities where Lord Siva reigns supreme in search of a Guru who could initiate him in this birth ridding process.

Perur village
Perur is sacred not only because it is one of the 'sivasthalams' of Kongunadu, but also because the Divine grace of Lord Siva is so immanent and perceptible that when Sundaramoorthy Nayanar, one of the four preceptors of Saivism, went to chidambaram to worship Lord Nataraja, he found there but the deity of Perur. He stays in this Thillaikkoil hymn.

Siva prakasar and Santhalinga Swamigal
Sri-la-Sri. Sivagnana Balaya Swamigal II, the Head of the Bommaiya Adheenami was his contemporary, whose miraculous feats and wealth of -Sivagnanam- possessed wide popularity. St.Santhalinga Swamigal desired to see him, During his sojourn there, he got the acquaintance of Thuraimangalam Sivaprakasa Swamigal, a great seer, a Virasaiva saint, scholar and poet at Thiruvannamalai. St.Santhalinga Swamigal enjoyed the company of Siva Prakasar. Along with him, he went and stayed at Bommaiyapuram

Gnambikai Ammal and Santhalinga Swamigal
With the blessings of St Sivagnana Balaysswamigal. St. Santhalingaswamigal married Gnanambikai She is the sister of Siva prakasa Swamigal, Velaiyar and Karunai Prakasar.
His family life was in conformity with the maxim "If a man fulfilled aright the duties of the house-holder, where is the need for him to take up other duties?" His family life never stood in the way of his endeavours in realisation of Truth. By undaunted perseverance he rose to perfection. Pupils flocked around him to par take his teachings.
One day when he spoke on total renunciation, condemning the love for transient worldly things, some of his reactionary students began to indulge in scandalising the verity of his speech. "Could it be possible for a man living with his wife to preach total renunciation, unless he be a hypocrite?" they doubted. Sensing their feelings, St.Santhalingar, seated his wife Mrs. Gnambikai on his lap and continued his teaching. To their utter bewilderment they saw Lord Neelkanta with his consort Gowri in the place of St.Santhalingar and his wife Gnanambikai. The pupils fell down instantaneously before Swamigal and apologised fervently for their mistake. Swamigal took pity on them and loved them more than before.
After this incident he resolved to renounce the world thoroughly in its entirety and declared that he would set out for alms next day and that if he was served rice with milk at the very first house he approached, he would become a complete ascetic thenceforth. He was served rice with milk at the very first house he resorted to. From that moment he broke all his worldly attachment and renounced the world utterly.

He sent away his wife Gnanambikai to her brother siva Prakasar who was the Prime disciple of the Pommapura Aadeenam. There were no issues for them. She stayed along with his brother Velaiyar and became a part of the brought of her brother's son Sundaresanar.

The later years
At a proper time St.Santhalinga Swamigal gave vent to his long cherished desire to be initiated in the noble venture of the realisation of God. Observing the 'upadesa', he was enjoying the divine bliss in the presence of his Guru. Sometime later, his Guru ordered him to settle in a place he liked and work for the salvation of the humanity. Obeying the order, St.Santhalinga Swamigal settled at Perur, the holy city where his favourite deity Lord Nataraja reigns supreme and continued his religious pursuits.
His fame began to spread far and wide around Perur. His retinue began to swell in the form of followers and well-wishers. Except the time he spent for bathing, dieting and teaching, almost the whole of the day was devoted in meditation. One day when he opened his eyes after meditation, Lord Nataraja with his consort Maragathabikai., -seated on Nandhi, appeared before him. St.Santhalinga Swamigal enjoyed the vision of God with devouring look. He, with down pouring eyes, hands folded on his head with reverence, with melting heart, prostrated before the God numberless times. His hymns bear many references vouching for this incident (Vairakkiya Catakam Devotional part) when the vision disappeared his languish was indescribable. He craved to have the 'darshan' once again as can be seen in his works.
The power of his 'Tapas' was so strong that when-ever he set out for alms, the womenfolk hurriedly rushed to cover their sons and men folk, fearing that his very sight would infuse in them 'Vairakkiya' and render them renounce the world immediately

Perur St.Santhalinga swamigal's Disciple
Of his numerous pupils, Kumara Deva – was a prince of Kannada Desa and also, the author of many Vedantha works in Tamil. Perur Chidambara Swamigal, the commentator of St.Santhalinga Swamigal's works, was his disciple.

End of life
At the age of Ninety nine St.Santhaling Swamigal entered into eternal bliss on 'Makam' day in the month of 'Masi'. His body was laid in Samadhi in Perur, around, where the present shrine and other institutions have grown up.

Writings
 Kolai Maruthal (Taboo of Killing)
 Vairakkiya chathakam
 Vairakkiya Deepam
 Aviroda Undiyar.

References

External links

17th-century births
18th-century deaths
Indian Hindu spiritual teachers
People from Cuddalore district


title: J. C. Hopkins

text:
J.C. Hopkins is an American bandleader, writer, record producer, and Grammy-nominated producer, and songwriter.

Biography

California
J.C. Hopkins was born and raised in Cypress, California, United States, to a Mexican-American mother, and a father of Russian-Jewish descent. He attended school and played in various bands in his youth. He plays guitar, harmonica, and piano, eventually concentrating on the latter. Upon moving to San Francisco in the late 1980s Hopkins began performing solo as a folk singer. His first band there, Flophouse, began as a folk rock ensemble whose debut self-titled album was produced by Peter Case. The band's second album, Undaunted, garnered favorable reviews including ink in Spin magazine. In 1998 he debuted his first jazz musical, Show Biz'ness, at the Cafe Du Nord in San Francisco.

New York City
In 2000 Hopkins moved to Brooklyn, New York, to pursue his interest in transitioning from folk to musical theater and jazz, and created a big band by the name of JC Hopkins Biggish Band. Hopkins was introduced to a then fledgling singer Norah Jones through bassist Lee Alexander who played on Victoria Williams' album Water to Drink, which Hopkins co-produced. Jones began singing with the Biggish Band and they performed in venues throughout New York City. A 2008 interview with Judy Carmichael delves into Hopkins' creative relationship with Jones.

Upon Jones signing to Blue Note Records and recording her debut album Come Away with Me on which Hopkins co-wrote "Painter Song" with Lee Alexander, singer Madeleine Peyroux took her place on the bandstand and began writing songs with Hopkins, many of which would later appear on Hopkins' album Underneath a Brooklyn Moon. Peyroux continued to perform with the band along with vocalist Queen Esther, who eventually became the band's mainstay singer.

Willie Nelson heard a demo of Norah Jones singing Hopkins' song "Dreams Come True" with the JC Hopkins Biggish Band and decided to record the tune as a duet with Jones. That song appears on Nelson's album It Always Will Be and was nominated for a Grammy in the category of Best Country Collaboration.

Underneath a Brooklyn Moon
In 2005 Hopkins released the falbum Underneath a Brooklyn Moon, consisting of nine original songs co-written by Norah Jones ("One Never Knows") and Madeleine Peyroux ("Here Comes Love", "I Still Believe In Some Kind Of Love", "I've Got My Finger on a Star", "Settle Down"). The album received positive press on a national scale, including The New Yorker, as well as on National Public Radio.

Actor John Lithgow, upon hearing Hopkins in his NPR interview, inquired with Michael Krumper of Razor & Tie Records who sent Lithgow a copy of Underneath a Brooklyn Moon. Shortly after, Lithgow asked Hopkins to produce his album of Tin Pan Alley children's songs, titled The Sunny Side of the Street. That album was nominated for a Grammy in the category of Best Children's Album.

Meet Me at Minton's
A 2017 sophomore release, Meet Me at Minton's, serves as a display of the diligently thought-through and perfectly arranged collaborations between a wide-ranging spectrum of jazz talents, both renowned and emerging, and has been met with great applause for its innovation, composition, and generation-spanning and acclaimed featured vocalists.

The album is launched by vocalist Brianna Thomas, alongside solos by Troy Roberts and Bruce Harris on Hopkins' original "Remember When". On "Suddenly (In Walked Bud)", jazz legend Jon Hendricks trades 4's with Charles Turner and Brianna Thomas, in a generational hopping scat. Andy Bey's evocative vocal on the Hendricks/Monk tune, "Looking Back (Reflections)" features revered harpist Brandee Younger. Alicia Olatuja lends her vocals to Hopkins' composition "Dreams Come True", which was previously covered by Norah Jones and Willie Nelson.

Vocalists Charles Turner and Queen Esther perform the title track "Meet Me at Minton's" and the Billie Holiday classic "Spreadin' Rhythm Around". Young guitar phenom Solomon Hicks, who was made lead guitarist for the Cotton Club Orchestra at the age of thirteen, is featured on "Alright, Okay, You Win". The album is then drawn to a close by Jazzmeia Horn and Jon Hendricks as they perform a duet of the Hendricks/Monk ballad "How I Wish (Ask Me Now)". The recording also features saxophonist Claire Daly, drummer Charles Goold, bassist Noah Jackson, trombonist Corey Wallace, saxophonist Christopher McBride and vibraphonist Joseph Doubleday. Concord recording artist Jazzmeia Horn, the 2016 winner of the Thelonious Monk Prize, has two features on the album, Hopkins' original "What Is Love" and the duet with Hendricks. Horn's relationship with Hendricks is evident despite a seventy-year age difference. Alicia Olatuja, who joined Gregory Porter on his recent Grammy-winning album, performs Hopkins' Grammy-nominated ballad, "Dreams Come True".

Album photography features images of the band by Grayson Dantzic, son of photographer Jerry Dantzic, whose new book Billie Holiday at Sugar Hill was released in 2017 with Thames and Hudson and features never before seen photographs of Billie Holiday.

It's a Sad and Beautiful World
Recorded in 2004, this collection of original songs was released in July 2018. The album features an impressive lineup of musicians from both the jazz and rock world. Levon Helm and Garth Hudson in a rare appearance recording together in post The Band period and Martha Wainwright are featured on notable tracks from the record. From the jazz world Victor Lewis, Vincent Chancey, Doug Wieselman also provide accompaniment, giving the sound of the record a genre-crossing baroque-pop feel.

New York Moment
The third album by the J.C. Hopkins Biggish Band features all original new songs written by Hopkins and co-writes with Melody Federer and trumpeter, vocalist Nico Sarbanes plus a Charles Mingus cover. The album highlighted Joy Hanson, the aforementioned Nico Sarbanes, Vanisha Gould, Shawn Whitehorn and Alicyn Yaffee. Jazz critic Grady Harps wrote of the album, "Tough to beat, this recording is a milestone for jazz".

Live performances
In addition to concerts and events throughout the country, JC Hopkins Biggish Band notably played two tribute shows honoring—and featuring—seminal jazz songwriter Mose Allison. The first, in 2001, was held at Joe's Pub in Manhattan and included Hopkins' longtime friend and collaborator, singer Martha Wainwright, Norah Jones, Madeline Peyroux and Queen Esther. One decade later, in 2011, the band held its second tribute to Allison, again featuring the jazz great, as well as his daughter Amy Allison. The performance featured Elvis Costello performing Allison's songs with the Biggish Band, as well as guest appearances by Orange Is the New Black star Lea DeLaria, folk singer Jolie Holland, Verve recording artist Lucy Woodward, and jazz singer Sasha Dobson.

The Biggish Band has also been featured at Lincoln Center's "Midsummer Night's Swing"
and has included songwriter and performance artist Justin Vivian Bond, Joey Arias, Lea DeLaria, as well as jazz pianist and singer Champian Fulton. The band regularly collaborates with various established venues and producers including humorist and writer Kiki Valentine at The Player's Club with Justin Bond, Martha Wainwright, Jolie Holland, The Minsky Sisters, and has appeared at the Blue Note Jazz Festival

In 2014, vocalist Charles Turner joined the ensemble just as JC Hopkins Biggish Band began its Wednesday night residency the Harlem jazz venue formerly known as Minton's Playhouse (now called "Minton's Harlem").

The Biggish Band was also given the honor of celebrating the 100 year centennial for Frank Sinatra with the 2015 Tribeca Film Festival. Bandleader Hopkins created updated arrangements for classic Sinatra songs crooned by actress and singer Lea DeLaria, artist Ne-Yo, singer Alice Smith, and The Killers frontman Brandon Flowers.

Minton's Harlem
In addition to his residency at Minton's Harlem, in 2014 Hopkins took over as music programmer, elevating the club's reputation as the genre's birthplace of bebop and is said to be responsible in part for the resurgence of jazz vocalists returning to Harlem clubs, due to his selection of artists performing at Minton's. His latest release, Meet Me At Minton's, is a nod to this moment and features Jazzmeia Horn.

The J.C. Hopkins Biggish Band continues its residency at Minton's with new vocalists Joy Elysse, Nico Sarbanes and Vanisha-Arleen Gould.

Writing, poetry and photography
Hopkins wrote the screenplay for the indie film Poets Are The Destroyers, directed by Nancy Pop. He is the author of crime/coming of age novel "Man's Story" published by Thane and Prose. He has three books of poetry on Impossible Books: From Far Rockaway to Windsor Terrace, October to October and Summer of Blue Humidity. Noir Nation published his Jazz-Noir novella, The Perfect Fourth, in 2020. JC Hopkins photography appears on Martha Wainwright's Sans Fusils, Ni Souliers, à Paris: Martha Wainwright's Piaf Record and inside the 2012 album Come Home to Mama.

Affiliated albums

As producer
 Victoria Williams, Water To Drink, Atlantic Records (2000)
 Victoria Williams, Sing Some Old Songs, Dualtone Records (2002)
 John Lithgow, The Sunny Side Of The Street, Razor & Tie Records, (2006)
 Queen Esther, What Is Love, EL Recordings (2010)
 Ben Fields, Extraordinary Light, Sire Records (2014)

Songwriting credits
 Chuck Prophet, "Balinese Dancer" Balinese Dancer, Homestead Records, (1994)
 Barbara Manning, "Still?", Nowhere, Matador Records, (1995)
 Norah Jones, "Painter Song", Come Away With Me, Blue Note Records, (2002)
 Willie Nelson, "Dreams Come True", It Always Will Be, Lost Highway Records, (2004)
 Ollabelle (with Amy Helm), "Everything Is Broken", Riverside Battle Songs, Verve Records, (2006)
 Ben Fields, "Matilda", Extraordinary Light, Sire Records, (2014)

Discography

Flophouse
 Flophouse, (Heyday Records, 1990)
 Undaunted, (HARP Records, 1993)
 Upside Down [EP], (Brinkman Records, 1994)
 Tulips and Chimneys, (Brinkman Records, 1995)

JC Hopkins
 Athens by Night, (Stickshift Records, 1997)
 It's a Sad and Beautiful World, (Baroque Rock Records, 2004 [rel. 2018])

JC Hopkins Biggish Band
 Underneath a Brooklyn Moon, (Tigerlily Records, 2005)
 Meet Me at Minton's, (Harlem Jazz Records, 2016)
 New York Moment, (Twee-Jazz Records, 2020)

References

1964 births
Living people


title: Maureen N. McLane

text:
Maureen McLane (born December 24, 1967) is an American poet, critic, and professor. She received the National Book Critics Circle Award.

Life

McLane was raised in upstate New York. She holds degrees from Harvard University, University of Oxford (where she was a Rhodes Scholar), and University of Chicago.
She is the author of four books of poetry, including This Blue. My Poets (FSG, 2012), a hybrid of memoir and criticism, was a finalist for the 2012 National Book Critics Circle Award for autobiography. McLane is also a contributing editor at Boston Review and poetry editor at Grey. She is currently professor of English at New York University.

Reception and influence

McLane's first full-length poetry collection (Same Life: poems, Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 2008) was a finalist for the Lambda Literary Award and The Publishing Triangle Audre Lorde Award. It was named as one of the Chicago Tribune Literary Editor's Best Books. Her follow-up book, World Enough: poems (Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 2010), was selected by Paul Muldoon in The New Yorker as a best poetry book of the year.
McLane achieved literary celebrity with the publication of her hybrid criticism-biography My Poets, which Paris Review editor Lorin Stein called "the survey course of my dreams." My Poets was lauded in The New York Times, NPR, Bookforum, New York Observer, Boston Globe, and elsewhere for its groundbreaking hybridity.

Writing in Bookforum, Parul Sehgal remarked that "To read McLane is to be reminded that the brain may be an organ, but the mind is a muscle. Hers is a roving, amphibious intelligence; she's at home in the essay and the fragment, the polemic and the elegy."

Awards

 National Book Critics Circle 2012 Finalist in Autobiography
 Golden Dozen Award, New York University College of Arts and Sciences Teaching Award, 2012
 New York University Humanities Institute, Faculty Award for Publishing the Most Books in 2008
 Harvard University Certificate of Distinction in Teaching, Committee on Undergraduate Education, 2006
 John Clive Teaching Award in History and Literature, Harvard University, 2005
 National Book Critics Circle Nona Balakian Award for Excellence in Book Reviewing, 2003

Bibliography

Poetry

Collections

McLane, Maureen N. (2017). Some Say: poems. Farrar, Straus, & Giroux.
McLane, Maureen N. (2019). What I'm Looking For: selected poems 2005-2017. Penguin.
McLane: Maureen N. (2021). More Anon: Selected Poems. Farrar, Straus, & Giroux.

List of poems

Non-fiction

References

1967 births
Living people
American literary critics
American women literary critics
Harvard University alumni
New York University faculty
The New Yorker people
American Rhodes Scholars
University of Chicago alumni
Alumni of the University of Oxford
21st-century American poets


title: Zimbabwean cricket team in Sri Lanka in 1983–84

text:
The Zimbabwean national cricket team toured Sri Lanka in December 1983 and played two first-class matches and three Limited Overs Internationals (LOI) against the Sri Lankan national cricket team. At this time, Sri Lanka had just achieved Test status but Zimbabwe had not. Sri Lanka were captained by Ranjan Madugalle and Zimbabwe by John Traicos. The Zimbabwe team played two first-class matches versus the Sri Lanka Board President's XI at Tyronne Fernando Stadium and a Sri Lankan XI at Paikiasothy Saravanamuttu Stadium. Both games were drawn. Zimbabwe also played three limited overs matches against the Sri Lankan XI.

References

External links

1983 in Sri Lankan cricket
1983 in Zimbabwean cricket
Zimbabwean cricket tours of Sri Lanka
International cricket competitions from 1980–81 to 1985
Sri Lankan cricket seasons from 1972–73 to 1999–2000


title: Hunt: Showdown

text:
Hunt: Showdown is a  first-person shooter video game by Crytek. It was launched on Steam in early access on 22 February 2018 and for Xbox Game Preview on 29 May 2019. The full release of the game launched on 27 August 2019 for Microsoft Windows, it was also released on Xbox One on 19 September 2019 and PlayStation 4 on 18 February 2020. In the game, the player assumes the role of a bounty hunter who tries to kill mythical monsters in order to claim their bounties and survive long enough against other bounty hunters to reach an extraction point.

Hunt: Showdown was originally in development at Crytek USA, who wished to create a spiritual successor to Darksiders—a video game series developed by their predecessor, Vigil Games—under the title Hunt: Horrors of the Gilded Age. It was envisioned to be a cooperative multiplayer game. After the initial announcement in June 2014, Crytek USA was shut down due to financial issues, and the development was brought to the Crytek headquarters in Germany. The game, under the new title Hunt: Showdown, was re-announced in May 2017 and became a competitive multiplayer game in which players need to combat other players and enemies controlled by artificial intelligence in a large map that resembles an open world. The game received generally positive reviews upon release and was praised for its innovative gameplay loop.  However, the game is notorious for its poor support of console versions.

Gameplay

Hunt: Showdown is a multiplayer first-person shooter with two gameplay modes. In "Bounty Hunt", the player plays as a bounty hunter who hunts down one or two of the game's 5 bosses to claim a bounty. Players can work on their own or with up to two other players to find clues about the monster's location in the three maps. Each map functions as a medium-sized open world filled with other environmental dangers and enemies such as Grunts, Hives, or Armoreds. As the player collects more clues, the location of the monster's lair is narrowed down. There are five monsters, including the Butcher, the Spider, the Assassin, the Scrapbeak, and a Wildcard target, the Rotjaw. Players can use a variety of weapons ranging from shotguns and crossbows, to exotic elephant guns and rifles like the Mosin-Nagant, to defeat their enemies, though the amount of ammo is scarce in this game, forcing players to rely on making their shots count. They also have access to a large variety of tools such as traps and decoys. Upon killing the monster, players will collect the bounty and need to survive until they can reach one of the extraction points. The locations of these exits are randomly placed on a map. Collecting a bounty gives the player limited ability to see the approximate location of other nearby players, but also reveals the bounty-holder's location to all other players in the in-game map. Players can steal a bounty by killing a current bounty holder, which is a core strategic component of the game. Each match supports up to 12 players.

The game's second mode, "Soul Survivor" (previously called Quickplay), is a battle royale mode that lasts for 15 minutes. In each match, the player starts with minimal equipment of their choice between a low-grade revolver, low-grade shotgun, or a low-grade melee weapon. The player is tasked with finding 4 Rifts in a map (similar to Clues in Bounty Hunt) and activating the Wellspring. As the player travels the map they can scavenge for better equipment and weapons to better arm themselves. The player who activates the fourth Rift first becomes the Wellspring Carrier and needs to defend themselves against enemy players and win by either being the last one standing or depleting the Wellspring for the required amount of time. The victor who survives can recruit their Soul Survivor with all their collected traits and equipment to be played in the Bounty Hunt mode.

Development
Vigil Games, known for the Darksiders series, was shut down by THQ in 2013 as part of the publisher's bankruptcy. While Crytek's founder Cevat Yerli had expressed an interest in bidding for the Austin-based studio based on their work on Darksiders alone (and because Crytek was already planning to establish a US subsidiary in the city), he did not feel that their products fit with the company's business strategy. However, immediately after Vigil was closed, Yerli brought Vigil head David Adams on board to lead the new studio, Crytek USA, citing Adams's leadership skills. In turn, Crytek USA would hire many former employees from Vigil. It was originally stated that the new studio would focus on developing new projects rather than pursue regaining the rights to its former properties; the studio did attempt to regain the rights to Darksiders — but they were instead acquired by Nordic Games.

Hunt: Horrors of the Gilded Age was announced in June 2014 as Crytek USA's first game. Hunt was designed to be a cooperative game; Adams recalled having been frequently asked about the possibility of adding co-op to a future installment of Darksiders, and stated that "one of the first things we said when we got here was, we are absolutely doing a four-player co-op game. That wasn't even up for discussion". The game is set in the late-19th century, and features weapons and classes reminiscent of the era. In response to comparisons to The Order: 1886, another 19th-century third-person gothic action horror game that was unveiled at E3, Adams contended that there were few similarities between the games, noting their focus on co-op and arguing that the portrayal of the era in The Hunt was more "authentic", unlike that of The Order, which he felt was the "BioShock version" of the era. Players will be able to customise their characters with different skills and outfits; Adams said that "if you want to make Sherlock Holmes or a gunslinger from the Old West, or a witch hunter from Eastern Europe, you have the costume choices, you have the weapon choices, you have the skill choices".

Hunt: Showdown carries "a lot of the DNA" of the Darksiders series; Adams noted that the game would incorporate "old school elements" of its genre in new ways (much like Darksiders, which cited The Legend of Zelda as an influence), and feature a large number of distinct creatures and bosses as enemies in contrast to "typical" shooting games, which, in Adam's opinion, only tended to have "maybe a dozen" different enemies. He acknowledged that his staff had experience from Darksiders in designing large numbers of distinct enemy types—Adams alone designed 18 of the bosses in Darksiders II. Hunt also utilizes procedurally generated enemy placement, obstacles, and objectives on the map, so that no two missions are identical. Hunt is built atop CryEngine; Adams remarked that the transition from the custom engine developed for Darksiders to CryEngine made the former look inferior.

On 30 July 2014, Crytek announced that as part of a restructuring, the development of Hunt would be shifted to Crytek, and Crytek USA would cease to operate as a studio-only as a provider of US-based support for CryEngine licensees. Kotaku reported that much of the studio's staff, including David Adams, had left the company in response to late wage payments by Crytek. Similar issues had been experienced by Crytek UK, which was shut down the same day with the sale of the Homefront franchise to Koch Media.

On 16 May 2017, Crytek released a teaser on YouTube announcing that the game was still in production under a new title, Hunt: Showdown. In October, Crytek revealed via IGN First that the game would have an Early Access release on Steam. A closed alpha test on PC started in January 2018. The closed alpha concluded on 22 February, with the early access launching later the same day. Hunt was released for Xbox Game Preview on 29 May 2019.

Release
Hunt: Horrors of the Gilded Age was first announced to have a beta in late 2014, after which a planned release for PlayStation 4 and Xbox One. Hunt was initially planned to be a free-to-play game, however, Adams emphasized that the game would still have the quality and size of a "AAA" title. Hunt was to be monetized purely through cosmetic items and experience boosts, however, when the game launched in Early Access on 22 February 2018, it was released with a pay-to-play model.

On 13 December 2014, Crytek delayed the late 2014 planned closed beta without giving a date or range for when it may come. The delay was due to the transition of development from their Austin studio to their Frankfurt team.

Hunt: Showdown was launched in early access on 22 February 2018. It was announced at 2018 Gamescom that the game would be released on Xbox One through its Xbox Game Preview program.

On 3 July 2019, Crytek announced on the game's website that the official release of the game would be on 27 August 2019, for Microsoft Windows. The Xbox One official release was due to be released on the same day as the official release for Microsoft Windows but was delayed to 19 September 2019 due to technical issues. The game was released on PlayStation 4 on 18 February 2020.

Television series
In November 2021, Binge announced a live-action television series adaptation of the game. Binge's Allan Ungar and Vince Talenti will produce, with Crytek's Avni Yerli, Faruk Yerli, and Pascal Tonecker joining as executive producers.

Reception

Critical reception
The game received "generally favorable reviews" upon release according to review aggregator Metacritic. Critics praised the game for its innovative gameplay loop and noted that the game offered a very unique experience when compared with other multiplayer games on the market, though some critics were disappointed by the game's lack of content at launch.

VG247 praised the unpredictability of Hunt, writing that it "I know where enemies are likely to come from, and what they’re likely to do, and yet every game seems to throw something surprising up... because it simply provides such a broad canvas for imaginative gambits by players". Eurogamer liked the feeling of dread that Hunt created, saying that,  "I'm not sure I've played a multiplayer game that breeds such tension since Rainbow Six: Siege". PCGamesN's Benjamin Griffin felt that sound design helped the gameplay be more tense "Flocks of crows, creaking boardwalks, and maimed horses wailing on the ground all signal your presence, while inside, jangling chains and crunching glass are to be avoided". Anthony McGlynn of PC Gamer enjoyed Hunt's twist on the battle royale genre, feeling that the game's focus "about escaping, not killing everyone—is simple but deeply effective". However he criticized the limited number of maps and weapons as making the game feel repetitive past a certain point.

Accolades
The game was nominated for "Best Sound Design for an Indie Game" at the 18th Annual G.A.N.G. Awards.

References

External links

2019 video games
Cooperative video games
CryEngine games
Crytek games
Horror video games
Open-world video games
PlayStation 4 games
Survival video games
Video games developed in Germany
Video games developed in the United States
Video games set in the 19th century
Video games with cross-platform play
Windows games
Xbox One games


title: Yukagir mammoth

text:
The Yukagir Mammoth is a frozen adult male woolly mammoth specimen found in the autumn of 2002 in northern Yakutia, Arctic Siberia, Russia, and is considered to be an exceptional discovery.  The nickname refers to the Siberian village near where it was found.

Discovery

The head of this specimen, entirely covered with skin and very well-preserved, was first discovered in 2002. After hearing about the discovery, a polar explorer carried out the expedition with his team to extract the remains from the permafrost. One of the members of the team was the French polar explorer, "Mammoth-Hunter" Bernard Buigues, known for carrying out expeditions to the North Pole, Siberia since the 1990s. It took three excavation trips to gather and put the Yukagir fossil together. Although mammoth remains are not a rarity, few are as notable as this specimen.

The discovery of the Yukagir Mammoth, is described as one of the greatest paleontological discoveries of all time as it revealed that woolly mammoths had temporal glands between the ear and the eye and the well-preserved remains of the Yukagir Mammoth, such as the foot, shows that the soles of the feet contained many cracks that would have helped in gripping icy surfaces during locomotion. Like modern elephants, woolly mammoths were Paenungulata, meaning they walked on their toes and had large, fleshy pads behind the toes. Among other discoveries, the Yukagir Mammoth showed that the species had suffered from spondylitis in two vertebrae, and osteomyelitis which is also known from some other specimens. Several specimens have healed bone fractures, showing that the animals had survived these injuries.

The Yukagir mammoth's permafrost tomb preserved its head, tusks, front legs, and parts of its stomach and intestinal tract. From its bones and enormous tusks, the scientists who rushed to the site (including mammoth experts Dick Mol and Larry Agenbroad) guessed that the woolly mammoth was an old male that when alive stood over nine feet tall at the shoulder and weighed four to five tons. Furthermore, scientists were able to discover that the main component of the Yukagir's final meal was grass, including stems from the family Poaceae. Remarkably, like many of the dung's floral remains, the stems have retained their color and shape ever since the woolly mammoth tore them from the tundra roughly 22,500 years ago. Based on the Yukagir Mammoth's last meal, scientists were able to discover facts about the elephant's ancestors and conduct an environmental reconstruction showing fungi's importance in the process of nutrient cycling in the mammoth steppe.

The following types of research were agreed upon at the meeting of the Scientific Council:

 Geological and pedological surveys of the site, as well as research on the process of fossilization;
 Research on the external structures of the mammoth, as well as on the internal structures using nondamaging methods;
 Histological, cytological, and genetic research on the mammoth's soft tissue;
 Paleobotanical and paleoclimatologic analysis;
 Microbiological research on the soil and the inside of the mammoth.

Exhibitions

Since the Yukagir Mammoth has been found, it has been transported globally for informative and educational purposes.  The specimen was displayed in an effort to understand the link between life and the global environment with the theme of the Expo - "Nature's Wisdom."  To keep it preserved, the exhibition room needed to be kept at -15 °C.   The 2005 World Expo was held in Aichi, Japan at took place on November 17–18, 2005.

See also
List of mammoths
Adams’ Mammoth
Jarkov Mammoth
Lyuba Mammoth
Sopkarga Mammoth (Zhenya)
Yuka Mammoth

References

Pleistocene proboscideans
Prehistoric elephants
Extinct animals of Asia
Holarctic fauna
2002 archaeological discoveries


title: Pepsi Beats of the Beautiful Game

text:
Pepsi Beats of the Beautiful Game is a compilation album that features various artists. The album was released on June 9, 2014, ahead of 2014 FIFA World Cup that kicked off June 12 in Brazil.

Background
Pepsi Max premiered the songs from the album as singles on the iTunes store, with accompanying film tracks free to watch on their website, YouTube and VEVO.

Track listing

Music videos

Release history

References

2014 compilation albums
PepsiCo


title: Pezzata Mòchena

text:
The Pezzata Mòchena, known in Mòcheno as the , is an indigenous breed of domestic goat from the Autonomous Province of Trento, in north-eastern Italy. It originates from the Valle dei Mòcheni, also known as the Valle del Fersina and as the Bersntol, which since the fourteenth century has been home to a Mòcheno-speaking population of Bavarian origin; the breed may for this reason also be called the Valle dei Mòcheni.

The Pezzata Mòchena is raised in the Valle del Fersina, in the upper and lower Valsugana, and on the . The breed was recognised in 2004, and the herdbook established in March 2005. The Pezzata Mòchena is one of the forty-three autochthonous Italian goat breeds of limited distribution for which a herdbook is kept by the Associazione Nazionale della Pastorizia, the Italian national association of sheep- and goat-breeders.

At the end of 2013 the registered population was variously reported as 261 and as 274.

References

Goat breeds
Dairy goat breeds
Goat breeds originating in Italy


title: Allon (surname)

text:
Allon is a Hebrew language surname, a variant of Alon, which means "oak tree". Notable people with the surname include:

George Allon (1899–1893), British football player
Henry Allon (1818–1892), British priest
Henry Erskine Allon (1864–1897), British composer. Son of Henry Allon (1818–1892).
Joe Allon (born 1966), British football player
Tom Allon (born 1962), American newspaper publisher
Yigal Allon (1918–1980), Israeli general and politician

Fiction
Gabriel Allon, fictional character in novels by Daniel Silva
Gim Allon, fictional character in the DC Comics universe
Yera Allon, fictional character in the DC Comics universe

See also

Allon (disambiguation)

Hebrew-language surnames


title: Gibbs Antrobus

text:
Gibbs Crawfurd Antrobus  (17 June 1793 – 21 May 1861) was a British diplomat and politician.

Biography
The brother of Sir Edmund Antrobus, 2nd Baronet, Antrobus's wealthy family were long-established in Congleton, Cheshire. His mother died giving birth to him, and his father died later of a riding accident, having been in a coma since before his son's birth. He was educated at Eton, at St John's College, Cambridge, and then at Lincoln's Inn. He married firstly, on 25 June 1827, Jane Trotter (who died on 24 November 1829), daughter of Sir Coutts Trotter, 1st baronet, of Westerville, Lincolnshire, and secondly, on 12 January 1832, Charlotte Crofton, daughter of Sir Edward Crofton, 3rd baronet, of Mote, County Roscommon.

In 1816 he joined the diplomatic service, serving in the United States until 1821.

In the general election in 1820 he was elected in his absence as a Member of Parliament (MP) for the rotten borough of Aldborough, in the interest of the Duke of Newcastle.

In the 1826 election he was returned for the rotten borough of Plympton Erle, as a paying guest of the Treby family who controlled the borough.  He held the seat until the 1832 general election,
when the borough was disenfranchised under the Reform Act.

He was Sheriff of Cheshire from 1834 to 1835.

References

External links
  (Aldborough)
  (Plympton Erle)

1793 births
1861 deaths
People from Congleton
People educated at Eton College
Alumni of St John's College, Cambridge
British diplomats
Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for Plympton Erle
UK MPs 1820–1826
UK MPs 1826–1830
UK MPs 1830–1831
UK MPs 1831–1832
Members of Lincoln's Inn
Deputy Lieutenants of Cheshire
English justices of the peace
High Sheriffs of Cheshire


title: Böritigin

text:
Böritigin, also known as Ibrahim ibn Nasr or Tamghach Khan Ibrahim, was a Karakhanid ruler in Transoxiana from 1038 to 1068. He was one of the greatest rulers of the dynasty.

Biography

He was the son of Nasr Khan, a Karakhanid ruler from the western branch of the family, known as the "Alids", which was named after their ancestor Ali ibn Musa Qara Khan.

Böritigin is first mentioned some time after 1034, when he was imprisoned by the sons of the deceased Ali-Tegin, who was from the eastern branch of the family, known as the "Hasanids". However, Böritigin eventually managed in 1038 to escape to his brother who was at Uzgend, and then raised an army consisting of Kumiji tribes from the upper Oxus river. He then invaded the territories of the Ghaznavid Sultan Mas'ud I, and plundered Khuttal and Vakhsh. He then conquered Chaghaniyan and defeated a Ghaznavid counter-attack.

The following year, Böritgin began fighting the sons of Ali-Tegin and by 1040 had annexed much of Transoxiana. He then made Samarkand his capital and took the title of "Tamghach Khan Ibrahim". In 1042, the newly crowned Ghaznavid ruler Maw'dud invaded the territories of the Seljuqs and conquered much of Khorasan. This greatly increased the fame of Maw'dud and made Böritigin acknowledge him as his suzerain. In ca. 1050, Maw'dud, with the aid of Böritigin and an army sent by the former Kakuyid ruler Garshasp I, re-invaded Khorasan; Böritigin and his commander Qashgha invaded Khwarazm and Tirmidh, but Maw'dud died and thus the invasion failed. The Seljuqs then extended their rule as far as Vakhsh and appointed a certain Abu 'Ali ibn Shadhan as the governor of their new conquests. After this, Böritigin seems to have stopped recognizing the Ghaznavids as his suzerain.

In 1059/60 Böritigin forced the Karakhanid rulers of Farghana to acknowledge him as their suzerain. In the early 1060s, the newly crowned Seljuq ruler Alp Arslan invaded Transoxiana, which made Böritigin complain to the Abbasid caliph of needless aggression from the Seljuqs.

Böritigin died in 1068 and was succeeded by his son Shams al-Mulk Nasr. He also had a daughter named Terken Khatun who later married the son of Alp Arslan, Malik-Shah I.

References

Sources

 Kochnev B.D. Numizmaticheskaya istoriya Karakhanidskogo kaganata (991—1209 gg.). Moskva «Sofiya», 2006

Further reading

1068 deaths
11th-century rulers
Year of birth unknown
11th-century monarchs in Asia


title: Russian Ball, Washington, D.C.

text:
The Russian Ball of Washington, DC is an invitation-only dinner dance. The Ball is an annual tradition founded in 1971 by the socialite Maria Fisher. An enthusiast of holding "heritage parties" celebrating different ethnicities, Fisher acted on the suggestion of Prince Alexis Obolensky, a Russian nobleman who resided in Washington, to organize a ball celebrating the city's White émigré community around the time of the old style Julian calendar New Year in mid-January. Prince Obolensky and his American wife Selene chaired the ball until his death in 2006. Princess Obolensky continued to chair the ball alone until she stepped down for health reasons in 2013.

The Russian Ball's current chairmen are Professor and Mrs. Paul du Quenoy. It is co-chaired by Prince Nicholas Obolensky. Its committee has included members of the Tolstoy, Putiatin, Shakhovskoy, Chavchavadze, Volkonsky, Schimmelpenninck, Borchgrave, Roosevelt, and Wanamaker families as well as Prince Ermias Sahle Selassie of Ethiopia, Congressman James W. Symington, Senator Larry Pressler, and Edward T. Wilson, grandson of the American businessman Thomas E. Wilson.

The Ball's Patroness is Maria Vladimirovna, Grand Duchess of Russia, Head of the Imperial House of Romanov.

Dress is white tie, black tie or national costume.

References

Balls in the United States
Russian-American culture in Washington, D.C.


title: Óscar Martínez (musician)

text:
Óscar “El Gallo Copeton” Martínez  (born January 3, 1934, in Corpus Christi, Texas) is an American musician and songwriter of Mexican descent who performs Tejano, slow rock, polkas, cumbias and English tunes. Known to Tejano Music devotees as "El Tejano Enamorado", after the title of his song which was a hit for Isidro Lopez in 1954.

Biography
Martinez was born in Corpus Christi, Texas in a small barrio known as “Loma Rosa.”  Oscar joined the Corpus Christi-based Isidro Lopez Orchestra in 1954 and played for the group through 1956.  In 1958 he formed The Oscar Martinez Band.  In 1960 the band recorded “Makes No Difference” and “La Bamba” and the band's popularity exploded. In 1965, Oscar composed his big hit, “El Tejano Enamorado.”  The tune was recorded by Isidro Lopez, who headed one of the top orchestras of the day, and it became a hit on Tejano radio across the state.  Oscar hosted a very popular radio show in Corpus Christi on KCCT Radio, every morning, from 7:00 am to 8:00 am which was later expanded to include a 6:00 pm to 7:00 pm show every week-day.  Oscar has written many songs but is best known for his hit songs “El Tejano Enamorado” and “El Gallo Copeton.”  It is said that Oscar was the first songwriter to use the word “Tejano” in a song and album.  Oscar, who is still active, is also known for writing tunes with catchy lyrics, a big brassy sound and a musical career that has spanned over half a century.

Early life
Known to Tejano Music devotees as El Tejano Enamorado, Oscar Martinez was born in Corpus Christi, Texas to Eloisa and Pedro Martinez in a small barrio known as “Loma Rosa.”  Oscar's mother, Eloisa, had two sisters; Goya and Ramona; two half-brothers, Manuel and Pedro Guerra; and a half-sister, Erlinda Guerra.  Oscar's father, Pedro A. Martinez, worked at an oil mill in the cotton bale department.  The family lived in a house at 407 Duncan Street, which was located just across the railroad tracks from the oil mill.  Oscar grew up with three brothers, Joe, Johnny and Victor.  He also had a half-brother, Daniel.
In the area close to present Port and Agnes streets, near an oil cotton factory known to residents as “La Mantequeria,” Oscar's grandmother, Dona Santos Guitron Galindo, owned several businesses that included rental apartments, and a small grocery store, where she used a small corn graining machine to prepare and sell  masa de maiz (corn dough).  In those days this masa de maiz  was used to make corn tortillas. In addition to masa, Oscar's grandmother hawked butter, eggs and other goods to barrio residents.  She also owned cows, chickens, rabbits and goats.
Oscar attended Southgate Elementary School and Driscoll Jr. High.  It was there that Oscar joined the band and was assigned the tuba as his instrument.  Oscar attended and graduated (1953) from Roy Miller High School where he played in the school's Buccaneer Band.

Musical career
Although Oscar did not play the trumpet in his high school band, he acquired proficiency with the instrument sufficient to lead a small local band that performed in a Corpus Christi nightspot known as El Macambo (located on Morgan and Pueblo Streets).  From there the band redeployed to “Ibarra’s Place” on Port Street.  It was there that the then seventeen-year-old performed with older musicians and where he first met Isidro Lopez.  Lopez performed mechanic duties with his Dad during the day and played the alto sax after hours at Ibarra's Nite Club.

Oscar Martinez joined the Isidro Lopez Orchestra, then one of the most popular bands in the business in 1954, and toured with the band through 1956.  After recording some ten records for Torrero Records the popularity of the Isidro Lopez Orchestra was at an all-time high.  Unable to meet the band's touring demands, Oscar was forced to leave the Lopez organization in order to keep his day job at a local auto parts store.  Oscar continued performing local gigs and in 1958 formed The Oscar Martinez Band.  Band members included Joe Morris at trumpet; David Reyes at tenor sax; Rudy Alvarado at alto sax;  Tony Arnelas, Jr. at drums; Joe Guajardo at guitar and Juan Perez at vocals. Past band members included Raul Ornelas on drums and vocals. Oscar Martinez played the trumpet.  The band's first recording, “La Lumbre” (penned by Oscar Martinez) and  “Llorando Por Ti” (written by Juan Perez) did well on radio, with increased bookings.  Then in 1960 the band reached another plateau with the success of new recordings, “Makes No Difference” and “La Bamba.” The band's popularity was aided by Oscar Martinez's daily radio show on KCCT radio in Corpus Christi.

In 1965, Oscar wrote his big hit, “El Tejano Enamorado.” Isidro Lopez recorded the tune first, with accordion instrumentation.  Then Oscar's band recorded the tune.  “El Tejano Enamorado” became a massive hit all over the State of Texas.  Everything seemed to be working well when tragedy struck.  On Sunday, March 7, 1965, an unfortunate car accident occurred, near La Luisa and El Campo, Texas.  Two young sailors in a Mustang died instantly; all the members of the band suffered bruises, broken limbs and head injuries.  Oscar Martinez lost his front teeth and suffered a broken leg.  It took nine months for the band to recover from the injuries sustained by its members and to return to performances.
Bright and energetic Oscar Martinez is known as one of the last “pioneers of Tejano Music” and continues to live in his hometown, Corpus Christi, Texas.  Oscar has written many songs but is best known for his hit songs “El Tejano Enamorado” and “El Gallo Copeton.”  In addition to writing, recording and performing his music, Oscar Martinez has authored a book and creates art.  And he still models the dark lenses and a pompadour hair-do that makes him a distinctive living legend.
On October 26, 2010, Oscar Martinez recorded “The Corpus Christi Rose” and “Kiss me again tonight.”    Currently (Sep 2012) Oscar Martinez is 78 years of age and recently performed with Larry Lange and the Lonely Knights as they staged  “A Chicano Soul Revue.”  This revue included several of Oscar Martinez's early compositions.  The act has performed at the Josephine Theater in San Antonio, the Bob Bullock Museum in Austin, Texas and several other places.
Personal Life

Oscar Martinez married Eduvina Perez and has a family that includes four children: Javier, Imelda, Iris and Jaime.  That marriage ended in divorce in 1984.  In 1977 Oscar started working with American National Insurance as an insurance agent.  He also worked for other insurance companies for about twenty years, while continuing to pursue his career performing in bands and composing music.

In 1996, Oscar Martinez started work on a book called  “Tejano Music Talk.”  The book is unique in that Oscar includes sheet music and a short biography.  Oscar is currently working on a second printing of this book.
Honors

On March 20, 1999, Oscar Martinez was inducted into the Tejano Music Hall of Fame in San Antonio, Texas in the category of Composer.  Roberto Pulido, Laura Canales, Joe Mejia, and Rogelio Rios were others honored that evening.
On August 3, 2002, Oscar Martinez was inducted into the Tejano R.O.O.T.S. Hall of Fame held in Alice, Texas.  Eligio Escobar, Las Hernamitas Gongora, Juan Guerero, Los Unicos, Ruben and Alfonso Ramos, Tony “Ham” Guerrero, Lydia Mendoza, Freddie Martinez and Manny Guerra were also honored that evening.

Other Important Dates
•	1953—Graduate of Roy Miller High School, Corpus Christi, Texas
•	1958–1985—Bandleader for The Oscar Martinez Orchestra
•	1998—Inductee to the Tejano Music Hall of Fame
•	2003—Inductee to The Tejano R.O.O.T.S. Hall of Fame
•	2005—Author of “Tejano Music Talk” book
•	2006—Listed in the Encyclopædia Britannica under American Musician and under Tejano Music
•	2009–present—Featured vocalist for Larry Lange and his Lonely Knights Band
•	2011—Accepted invitation for  Texas Tech University to archive his sound music recordings
•	2011—Tejano Music Talk book was added to the Nettie Benson Latino Collection- UT-Austin, TX
•	2012—Accepted invitation to donate his papers to University of Texas-Austin, TX Nettie Benson Latino Collection
        2013-Inducted to the South Texas Music Walk of Fame- Corpus Christi, TX

References

External links
Preserving Tejanos' history
Oscar Martinez celebrates
http://m.youtube.com/watch?desktop_uri=%2Fwatch%3Fv%3Dx8UKhRxTZx0&v=x8UKhRxTZx0&gl=US
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_uRa1dC5Go4
http://m.youtube.com/watch?desktop_uri=%2Fwatch%3Fgl%3DBE%26feature%3Drelated%26v%3Ddnb7mT0SJKs&feature=related&v=dnb7mT0SJKs&gl=BE
Soiris
Corpus Christi Memorial Coliseum going down

Archival Materials

 Óscar Martínez papers, 1975-2011, at Southwest Collection/Special Collections Library, Texas Tech University

1934 births
Living people
Musicians from Corpus Christi, Texas
Songwriters from Texas
Tejano musicians


title: Mohammad Taqi Baraghani

text:
Mohammad Taqi Baraghani (, ) (died 25 October 1847), was a prominent Shiʻa cleric in Qajar Iran, who established himself as a leading ʿālem of the city of Qazvin. Baraghani is known for being the first cleric to declare takfir () against Shaykh Ahmad al-Ahsá'í, the founder of the Shaykhi school, and subsequently became the leading opponent of Shaykhism in Iran.

He pursued education in Iran and Ottoman-ruled Iraq, and accompanied his teacher Mohammad-Ali Tabatabai in 1826 on the jihad that had been declared against the Russian Empire during the Russo-Persian War (1826-1828). At some point thereafter, Baraghani is known to have had a disagreement with the Qajar shah Fath-Ali Shah (1797-1834) in the capital Tehran, after which he returned to Qazvin. There, Baraghani obtained a reputation for being one of the foremost preachers of his day.

Baraghani's niece Fatemeh (nicknamed Qorrat-ol-Ayn), rose to become a prominent Bábi leader. Due to Baraghani's increased rejection of Shaikhism and Bábism he was killed, seemingly by three Bábis, in the mosque he had built in Qazvin. He was subsequently bestowed with the title shahid-e sāles ("the third martyr") with his tomb remaining prominent in Qazvin until this day.

Works
His best-known work is Majāles al-Mottaqīn on the sufferings of the imams. His brother, Mohammad Saleh Baraghani, wrote numerous works on this particular theme.

References

Sources

1847 deaths
Iranian Shia clerics
Shaykhis
Year of birth missing
People of Qajar Iran
People murdered in Iran
19th-century Iranian people
History of Qazvin Province


title: Marie-Josèphe Zani-Fé Touam-Bona

text:
Marie-Josèphe Zani-Fé Touam-Bona (née Valangadede, formerly Franck; 12 September 1933 – 7 December 2001) was a politician in the Central African Republic (CAR). She was the country's first female government minister.

Before entering politics, Marie-Josèphe worked as a schoolteacher and social worker. She was a high-level advisor to the government of David Dacko in the 1960s, and remained in favour after Jean-Bédel Bokassa seized power in 1966. Bokassa appointed her to cabinet in 1970, and she remained in office until he was deposed in 1979, holding a number of different portfolios. Marie-Josèphe re-entered politics in 1993 as an independent member of the National Assembly, and served until her death.

Early life
Marie-Josèphe was born in the town of Ippy (now in Ouaka prefecture), the daughter of Achille Petit-Jean (a Belgian mining engineer) and Augustine Valagandede (a Banda woman originally from Mbrès). Her father left the country before she was born, and only acknowledged her as his daughter several decades later. Because of her mixed-race background, Marie-Josèphe received a French-language education, attending schools in Bangui and Mbaïki run by Catholic nuns. She was given an additional surname during her schooling, Jeannot, in order to identify her as of European ancestry, but took her husband's surname (Franck) after her marriage in 1951.

In 1960, Marie-Josèphe received a scholarship from the national government to attended a home economics training course in Paris, which was worth 30,000 francs. She initially worked as a schoolteacher when she returned to the CAR, but in October 1961 joined the civil service as an assistant social worker. In October 1962, President David Dacko appointed Marie-Josèphe to his Social and Economic Council, where she served until January 1966. In February 1964, he also made her head of the Service for the Advancement of Women, a new government agency dedicated to improving the status of women in Central African society. Marie-Josèphe was further promoted in October 1965, becoming Director of Social Affairs. In March 1967, she was appointed to the inaugural national committee of the Central African Red Cross Society.

Politics and later life
In January 1965, Marie-Josèphe was elected president of the Union Féminine Centrafricaine (UFCA; "Central African Women's Association"), a position which she would hold until her death. The UFCA had been formed the previous year as the women's section of MESAN, the sole legal political party at the time. In February 1970, Marie-Josèphe was made Secretary of State for Social Affairs in the government of President Jean-Bédel Bokassa, who had seized power in January 1966. She was the first female government minister in the CAR, and remained in cabinet for over nine years, only departing in September 1979 when Bokassa was deposed. She held a number of different portfolios and titles during her time in office, at various points being responsible for social affairs, education, and the advancement of women.

Marie-Josèphe returned to politics at the 1993 general election, winning election to the National Assembly as an independent and standing in the Mbrès constituency. She was re-elected at the 1998 election, but died in office in December 2001, while undergoing medical treatment in Paris. Her body was flown back to the CAR, and she lay in state at the National Assembly buildings for two days before being buried in her home village. Her funeral was attended by President Ange-Félix Patassé and various other government officials.

Personal life
In 1951, aged 18, Marie-Josèphe married Antonio Franck, a civil servant originally from Middle Congo. They had seven children together, four sons and three daughters. Antonio Franck also became a minister under President Bokassa, entering cabinet three years before his wife. The couple divorced in 1973, and Marie-Josèphe later remarried to André Zani-Fé Touam-Bona, another of Bokassa's ministers.

See also
 Politics of the Central African Republic

References

1933 births
2001 deaths
Central African Republic people of Belgian descent
Central African Republic schoolteachers
Central African Republic social workers
Government ministers of the Central African Republic
Independent politicians in the Central African Republic
Members of the National Assembly (Central African Republic)
Movement for the Social Evolution of Black Africa politicians
People from Ouaka
20th-century women politicians
Women government ministers of the Central African Republic