title: NORTHAG War Headquarters Cannerberg

text:
NATO Headquarters Cannerberg / Joint Operations Centre (JOC), located behind the Château Neercanne south of Maastricht, on the border with Belgium, was, during the Cold War, a communications center and headquarters of NATO. It housed the war headquarters of Northern Army Group and Second Allied Tactical Air Force.

History

Period 1954-1993 Cold War

Starting from 1954 was the "quarry boschberg/boschberg quarry/Cannerberg" by the then Ministry of war Foundation hired the Limburgs landscape for a period of 50 years. On April 15, 1954 an agreement was closed by the war Department, Stichting Limburgs landscape, freule Louise E.M. Poswick (1947 to owner of the Château Neercanne) and the Jesuit fathers from Maastricht that the Cannerberg from then on was used by the armed forces.

Format
The floor of this quarry was already hardened with concrete by the Germans, also they had electric lighting. Since the complex is in a former quarry, it is a maze of corridors. Here is structure in affixed by the Middle gang the "Main Street", and are against the hands on the clock in, the course named after the letters of the NATO alphabet of Alpha to Golf Street. The offices in the hallways were numbered from low to high, starting at 1 from the Main Street.

In 1955 was in the quarry by NATO an interim war headquarters located: "a temporary site to be used only in war". From 17 February 1956 got the Headquarters as "ultra secret" because it's from that moment at Royal Decree was placed under the Law on State secrets. November 20, 1980 in the edition of weekly magazine Vox of the Belgian Armed Forces was reported on this secret underground NATO Headquarters: "somewhere in the region of Maastricht".

As a result of the construction of the iron curtain got the bunker also from 1 July 1963 in peacetime a permanent (24 hours a day, all year) military occupation. From that time there were during the day such a 300-400 Dutch, Belgian, German, English and American soldiers about 40 persons, active at night and at multiple-day exercises up to 1000 people. Should the war break out, then could the regional headquarters of the 2nd Allied Tactical Air Force (2ATAF) immediately from the German Rheindahlen (near Mönchengladbach), where it was housed in peacetime, be moved to this location. Also was Allied Tactical Operations Centre (ATOC) in the complex. This organization would be if necessary, give commands to the offensive on behalf of 2ATAF aircraft. In addition it was here the command of the Northern Army Group (NORTHAG, Northern army group). This command covered the Dutch, British, Belgian, German and possibly American country units in the North of West Germany. In the event of war it would be Joint Operations Centre (JOC) with forward command posts and their units by means of the communication system of the NATO Air Defence Ground Environment (J). During the cold war was a special task for the Delta company 30 Natresbat Tactical Natrescompagniestaf Nr. 16. According to the operation plan of the then National Territorial Command in Gouda would this staff with 3 Natres platoons upon the issue of 'telegram N' under the command of the NATO commander of the Northern Army Group to secure the JOC of the Northern Army Group/Second Allied Tactical Air Force (NORTHAG/TWO ATAF STATIC) in the Cannerberg and the NATO Information and Communication System (NICS) near Maastricht.

Facilities

In this headquarters was via a heating system/air conditioning a constant temperature of 18 degrees Celsius reached with the desired humidity level. The headquarters had an independent water supply and marine diesel engines were as equipment used in the event of a break in the supply of electricity within the public network. In the mountain was a present so that excess pressure at a weapon of mass destruction - nuclear, biological or chemical attack outside the hazardous substances were held. For such an NBC attack was also a special present with shower entrance lock. The entrance doors and access corridors were resistant to the pressure wave of an explosion. Under the command of the NATO commander of the Northern Army Group to secure the JOC of the Northern Army Group/Second Allied Tactical Air Force (NORTHAG/TWO ATAF STATIC) in the Cannerberg and the NATO Information and Communication System (NICS) near Maastricht.

Trivia

 Depth up to 50 meters (54.6 yard) below the ground;
 Total area of ± 6.75 hectares;
 8 km (4.9 miles) of corridors;
 400 offices;
 51 toilets, 31 urinals, 27 showers and 75 washbasins;
 4482 fluorescent lamps;
 2 restaurants - the self-service restaurant had a capacity of 600 meals;
 hair salon;
 3-hole golf course with artificial grass.

Asbestos
Initially the tubes in the mountain insulated with Cork. After a fire and the long nasmeulen of the insulation material, it was decided to isolate the pipes with asbestos. In that time, the health risks of asbestos was still unknown and seen as a panacea. However new insights have led to TNO in 1991 by order of the Ministry of defence got to do research in the Cannerberg. Some results from the resulting report: 'On various ceilings were flakes blue asbestos observed.', 'three of the ten air samples contain too much asbestos fibers.' and 'the dust in the air ducts is seriously contaminated.' ('Cannerberg', TNO, Asbestos measurement in the 3 December 1991). The conclusion of the researchers was that by ' the serious health risk, which is associated with exposure to asbestos fibres, is ' very urgent intervention. The planned closure was, however, at the end of 1994, the Department of Defense and NATO decided that the Cannerberg would remain in use until that date. By the end of the cold war, however, in 1992 the Cannerberg was closed. The Alliance left the Cannerberg in 1993.

Period 2003 - 24 January 2012 remediation
Service real estate Defense has commissioned by the Dutch Ministry of defense from 2003 40 million euros a year to clean-up operation 7 the complex to free up asbestos fibers. The complex is almost completely stripped. Suspended ceilings including pipes are removed and the asbestos fibers are of the marl walls and ceilings been stripped down. In this period is also the waste removed (about 10000-14000 cubic meters) that was stored on 16 locations. It was not drained out to espionage. Also there was oil in the layers under the complex. These layers are up to 13 meters deep excavated.

Result: the following amounts of waste were disposed of:
 9.3 million km (5.7 million miles) of asbestos-containing material
 2.9 million kilograms (6.3 million pounds) with oil-contaminated marl

Period 24 January 2012 - present tour/art
On January 24, 2012 has defense the Cannerberg returns to Stichting Limburgs landscape. From September 2013 is it possible to login after a 2-hour tour, provided by the guides of the Limburg Landscape Foundation. Cost of a tour are 6 euros per person. Registration is possible through the site of the Limburgs landscape. The artist Rob Scholte operates in the exhibit Cannerberg work under the title: 'Shelter'. The work with the name N8W8 is a reference to The night watch by Rembrandt that along with other world-famous paintings during the World War II was hidden in the Sint-Pietersberg. N8W8 sets the back of an embroidered night watch for.

Gallery

References
 Defensie overhandigt ‘geheime’ NAVO-bunker
 Schoongemaakte Cannerberg; terug bij Stichting het Limburgs Landschap
 Boekje Pienter - Cannerberg
 EXCURSIES NATO-hoofdkwartier
 Kunst Rob Scholte in NATO groeve
 NAVO JOC Cannerberg

External links
 Holland Doc - War Room in de mergel
 EenVandaag 26 September 2013
Fotogalerie auf Wuppertaler-Unterwelten.de

Military installations of NATO
Military command and control installations


title: Lisa Kove

text:
Lisa Sue Kove (born 1958) is an American civil servant and disabled retired combat veteran, a San Diego, California, corporate executive, and a United States civil rights activist. She is the executive director of the Department of Defense Federal Glove.

Early life, military and education
Kove grew up in Boston, Massachusetts, the daughter of prominent attorney Myron Kove. She dropped out of college at the age of 17 to join the United States Navy. Kove served in HM 12 and RH-53D squadron that supported HM-16 in the Iran Hostage Crisis. During the rescue mission known as Operation Eagle Claw Kove broke her back but ignored the pain and continued to serve until she was honorably discharged in 1982 as a service-related disabled veteran. Kove later returned to college, where she earned a degree in logistics and management from Park University.

Corporate career
Following her stint in the United States Navy Kove worked for Kaman Aerospace, followed by Aeronautical Radio, Incorporated (ARINC), and later as a Department of Defense civil servant in the Washington, D.C. beltway. Following the implementation of 'Don't Ask, Don't Tell', the official United States policy on service by gays and lesbians in the military instituted by the Clinton Administration on February 28, 1994, when Department of Defense Directive 1304.26 issued on December 21, 1993, took effect, Kove, who had been an out lesbian for years, soon became the subject of sexual orientation harassment. This harassment increased as her 13-year relationship to her partner came to an end. In 1997 her partner drafted legal paperwork crafted to go to an office outside of Kove's chain of command with the intent to expose, embarrass and have her fired from the Department of Defense job under 'Don't Ask, Don't Tell'. Concerned for her personal safety, Kove moved with her five children into a domestic abuse shelter, then later took orders to San Diego, California to distance herself from her former partner.

Upon her arrival to San Diego, her commanding officer refused to let her on base due to her sexuality. Kove was eventually allowed to work, but she faced years of harassment until a co-worker stood up for her, resulting in the resignation of her commanding officer. Since 2008 Kove has served as the executive director of the Department of Defense Federal Globe.

Child support case
In 1998 Kove filed one of the first child support suits in the nation for children born to same-sex couples. The Superior Court of Pennsylvania affirmed that Kove's former lesbian partner must pay support for the five children Kove bore during their relationship.

Community involvement
Kove was instrumental in the 2010 Coalition to Repeal Proposition 8, the California ballot proposition and a state constitutional amendment that passed in the November 2008 California state elections banning same-sex marriage.

Kove also currently serves on several large non-profit nationally based governing boards, including on the board of the Equality News Network. She was Strategic Planning Director for the San Diego Equality Campaign during the contentious Proposition 8 battle in 2008, and Kove was a founding member of the San Diego Alliance for Marriage Equality. Kove also served on Lori Saldana's, former member of the California State Assembly from the 76th Assembly district, Hate Free San Diego Commission as she consulted with representatives of San Diego businesses to foster programs to end hate crimes. From 2010-2013 Kove was also a voting member of the San Diego LGBT Center's Community Leadership Council.

Kove has received numerous honors due to her community outreach, including a People's Mic Award from KNSJ, being named Outstanding Woman of the Year in 2011 by the Nicky Awards, and she was inducted in 2012 into The San Diego LGBT Community Center Benjamin F. Dillingham and Bridge Wilson LGBT Veterans Wall of Honor. Kove has also been featured in OutServe Magazine.

Notes

External links

LGBT people from Massachusetts
American LGBT rights activists
American lesbians
People from San Diego
Living people
1958 births
Activists from California


title: Robert Topfer

text:
Robert Neil Topfer is Director of the investment and advisory firm Taemas Group and Director of the Nextt Group. He was global head of corporate and structured finance with Babcock & Brown before its demise saw shareholders lose the value of their investment, and held significant investments in Tricom and Eircom Holdings.

External links
Babcock & Brown executives broke law, writ alleges

References

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people


title: Queullacocha (Cusco)

text:
Queullacocha (possibly from Quechua qillwa, qiwlla, qiwiña gull, qucha lake, "gull lake") is a mountain in the Vilcanota mountain range in the Andes of Peru, about  high. It is located in the Cusco Region, Quispicanchi Province, Ocongate District. Queullacocha lies northwest of the mountain Ausangate.

References

Mountains of Peru
Mountains of Cusco Region


title: Jack Kilmer

text:
John Wallace Kilmer (born June 6, 1995) is an American actor. He is known for starring in the 2013 film Palo Alto, for playing Pelle "Dead" Ohlin in the 2018 Norwegian black metal biopic Lords of Chaos, and for playing Ozzy Osbourne in Ozzy's "Under the Graveyard" video. He is also the narrator of Val, a documentary about his father Val Kilmer.

Early life
Kilmer, born to actors Joanne Whalley and Val Kilmer, grew up in Los Angeles and attended primary school at The Center for Early Education, where he met would-be filmmaker Gia Coppola (he was in the first grade; she was in the sixth).

Career
Coppola asked him to review her script for Palo Alto, a film adaptation of James Franco's book of the same name which she also planned to direct. She asked him to advise whether the dialog was an authentic reflection of "kids today". After he ran through a table read with her, she encouraged him to audition for one of the film's main roles, Teddy. Coppola filmed him as he read through the lines and this became his audition tape; he eventually won the role. After he was cast as Teddy, his father, actor Val Kilmer, joined the cast as the father of another character. Before filming Palo Alto when he was 16 years old, Kilmer had never acted before, and did not aspire to be an actor.

The film was released in May 2014 to mostly positive reviews, and Kilmer's performance was described as "formidable", "naturalistic and sincere".

Kilmer graduated from high school in 2013. He intended for his acting job on Palo Alto to be a brief project before applying to colleges, but after the film's production he decided to enter acting full-time. In April 2014, he filmed Len and Company with Juno Temple and Rhys Ifans. He played Chet, a young film projectionist who proves vital to the investigation in the 2016 neo-noir crime buddy comedy film The Nice Guys, which was written and directed by Shane Black, who had previously worked with Kilmer's father Val on the 2005 crime buddy comedy Kiss Kiss Bang Bang.

In 2014, Kilmer also dipped into the high-fashion modeling world, posing for portraits in Saint Laurent's Permanent Collection, as well as walking the runway in the brand's 2015 spring-summer show. In 2018, Kilmer starred in Jonas Åkerlund's biographical horror/thriller Lords of Chaos as Pelle "Dead" Ohlin, alongside Rory Culkin and Valter Skarsgard.

Kilmer provided extensive narration for the 2021 documentary Val, which details the life of his father. In reviewing the documentary, many critics noted the similarity in voice between Jack and Val as a young man. The film premiered on Amazon Prime on August 6, 2021 following a screening at the Cannes Film Festival. Jack was also heard in two episodes of the Disney+ series Willow, providing the voice of Madmartigan, the character played by his father in the original film.

Personal life
Kilmer enjoys surfing and skateboarding. He is a musician, playing guitar and drums, and was previously in a band called Glimmer. He also occasionally DJs at a club in Los Angeles.

Filmography

Film

Television

Music videos

References

External links

1995 births
21st-century American male actors
American male film actors
American male voice actors
American people of English descent
American people of French descent
American people of German descent
American people of Irish descent
American people of Scotch-Irish descent
American people of Swedish descent
American people of Welsh descent
Living people
Male actors from Los Angeles


title: Alamo, Texas (disambiguation)

text:
Alamo, Texas is a town located in Hidalgo County, Texas, U.S.A.

Alamo, Texas may also refer to:

 Alamo Plaza Historic District, a historical district in downtown San Antonio, Texas
 Alamo Mission in San Antonio, former Spanish Catholic mission and now a museum
 Battle of the Alamo, battle during the 19th-century Texas Revolution
 Alamo Heights, Texas, an incorporated city in Bexar County
 The Alamo Colleges, a system of community colleges in the San Antonio vicinity


title: The Summer Knows

text:
The Summer Knows is an album by Art Farmer recorded in 1976 and originally released on the Japanese East Wind label.

Reception

Scott Yanow of AllMusic states, "The material (which includes such tunes as 'Alfie,' 'When I Fall in Love' and 'I Should Care') is given lyrical treatment by these masterful players on this ballad-dominated date."

Track listing
 "The Summer Knows" (Alan and Marilyn Bergman, Michel Legrand) – 7:42
 "Manhã de Carnaval" (Luiz Bonfá, Antônio Maria) – 5:24
 "Alfie" (Burt Bacharach, Hal David) – 4:55
 "When I Fall in Love" (Edward Heyman, Victor Young) – 6:13
 "Ditty" (Art Farmer) – 4:45
 "I Should Care" (Sammy Cahn, Axel Stordahl, Paul Weston) – 5:30

Personnel
Art Farmer – flugelhorn
Cedar Walton – piano
Sam Jones – bass
Billy Higgins – drums

References

East Wind Records albums
Art Farmer albums
1977 albums


title: Aleksey Shevtsov

text:
Aleksey Viktorovich Shevtsov (; born January 29, 1979) is a retired amateur Russian Greco-Roman wrestler, who competed in the men's lightweight category. He represented Russia in two editions of the Olympic Games (2000 and 2004), and later capped off his wrestling career with a bronze medal in the 60-kg division at the 2005 European Championships in Varna, Bulgaria. Shevtsov also trained as a member of the wrestling team at the Moscow Academy of Combat Sports in Moscow, under his personal coach Yevgeny Peremishin.

Shevtsov made his official debut at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, where he competed in the men's bantamweight category (54 kg). He lost his opening match 5–10 to North Korea's Kang Yong-gyun, but vowed his own revenge to tame three-time Olympic veteran Marian Sandu of Romania by a rigid 11–8 verdict. Placing second in the prelim pool due to technical point system and twelfth overall, Shevtsov's performance was not enough to put him through to the medal rounds.

At the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Shevtsov qualified for his second Russian squad, as a 25-year-old, in the men's 60 kg class. Earlier in the process, he finished fourth at the Olympic Qualification Tournament in Novi Sad, Serbia and Montenegro to guarantee his spot on the Russian wrestling team. Unlike his previous Olympics, Shevtsov dominated the prelim pool with a pair of remarkably strong victories over neighboring China's Ai Linuer (4–2) and Germany's Jurij Kohl (7–0) to secure him a place for the medal rounds. Shevtsov edged past Kazakhstan's Nurlan Koizhaiganov in the quarterfinals with a 3–1 decision, before being overwhelmed by Cuba's Roberto Monzón in the semifinal match 3–6. Shevtsov challenged against reigning Olympic champion Armen Nazaryan of Bulgaria for the bronze medal, but quickly fell behind him by a single-point deficit with a 3–4 decision, dropping the Russian to fourth.

In 2005, Shevtsov recovered from an Olympic setback to flourish his wrestling career with a bronze medal over Georgia's David Bedinadze at the European Championships.

References

External links

 Russian Sport Bio

1979 births
Living people
Olympic wrestlers for Russia
Wrestlers at the 2000 Summer Olympics
Russian male sport wrestlers
Wrestlers at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Sportspeople from Fergana
Russian people of Uzbek descent
Martial artists from Moscow
European Wrestling Championships medalists


title: Milap Zaveri

text:
Milap Milan Zaveri, also known as Milap Zaveri, is an Indian film director and writer who has worked in blockbusters like Shootout at Wadala, Satyameva Jayate and Marjaavaan. He started his career as a dialogue writer in 2002 with the film Yeh Mohabbat Hai. In 2010 he made his directorial debut with the film Jaane Kahan Se Aayi Hai.

He announced his decision to leave Twitter after spreading fake news about a film director's death.

Filmography

References

External links

Hindi-language film directors
21st-century Indian film directors
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Indian male screenwriters


title: Ogden–Roxburgh model

text:
The Ogden–Roxburgh model is an approach which extends hyperelastic material models to allow for the Mullins effect. It is used in several commercial finite element codes, and is named for R.W. Ogden and D. G. Roxburgh.

The basis of pseudo-elastic material models is a hyperelastic second Piola–Kirchhoff stress , which is derived from a suitable strain energy density function :

The key idea of pseudo-elastic material models is that the stress during the first loading process is equal to the basic stress . Upon unloading and reloading  is multiplied by a positive softening function . The function  thereby depends on the strain energy  of the current load and its maximum  in the history of the material:

It was shown that this idea can also be used to extend arbitrary inelastic material models for softening effects.

References

L. Mullins, Rubber Chemistry and Technology, 42, 339 (1969).

Continuum mechanics
Elasticity (physics)
Rubber properties
Solid mechanics


title: Fensalden Inn

text:
The Fensalden Inn is a bed and breakfast located in Albion, California in the United States. The name, Fensalden, means "land of the sea and the mist."

History

The Inn is a former Wells Fargo stagecoach stop from mid 19th-century. The buildings date back to the 1850s-1860s and consist of a former house and a former tavern. The building that is the former tavern still retains the bullet holes that were shot into the ceiling. One of the buildings, the Water Tower House, is called such because there is a water tank above it. Today's Fensalden Inn was founded in the 1960s. The Haunting of Hill House was filmed on site at the Fensalden Inn. As of 2010, the Inn was hosting regular murder mystery games for the paying public. Ghost hunters believe the Inn is haunted. The ghost is a prostitute named Elizabeth who is claimed to have worked at the Inn when it was a former stagecoach stop. Evelyn Hamby is the innkeeper.

Facilities

The Inn has eight rooms and resides on 20 acres. The property over looks the ocean at 400 feet high. Each room has its own fireplace. There is a fence along the property to keep out deer. The architecture of the Inn has been compared to that of Bernard Maybeck and Julia Morgan. Many of the Inn's interior spaces are built of redwood trees. There is a parlor which also serves as a bar and breakfast is served in a dining room.

References

Bed and breakfasts in California
Buildings and structures in Mendocino County, California
Carriage houses in the United States
Reportedly haunted locations in California


title: Mapat L. de Zatarain

text:
Mapat L. de Zatarain (born Martha Patricia López de Zatarain in Puebla, Mexico) is a Mexican producer.

Filmography

Awards and nominations

Premios TVyNovelas

References

External links

Mapat L. de Zatarain at the Filmweb
Mapat L. de Zatarain at the Esmas

Living people
Mexican telenovela producers
People from Puebla
Year of birth missing (living people)


title: Ek Paheli Leela

text:
Ek Paheli Leela () is a 2015 Indian Hindi-language romantic thriller drama film, written and directed by Bobby Khan and produced by Bhushan Kumar and Krishan Kumar. It stars Sunny Leone in the titular lead role with Jay Bhanushali, Rajneesh Duggal, Jas Arora, Mohit Ahlawat and Rahul Dev in pivotal roles. Choreography is done by Ahmed Khan and Jojo Khan. The music for the film is composed by Meet Bros Anjjan and Amaal Mallik. Principal photography of the film began in Jodhpur, India.

The film is a reincarnation story which is set 300 years back, and revolves around the story of an Egyptian princess named Leela (Sunny Leone) and her lover. Their love story remains incomplete as they are murdered. The film portrays how their story completes when they both are reincarnated in present time.

The trailer of the film was released on 6 February 2015 and became YouTube's most viewed Bollywood movie trailer of the first quarter of 2015. The film received positive reviews from the critics upon release and was a commercial success.

Plot
Karan (Jay Bhanushali) is a singer/musician who moves to a new house in Mumbai along with his friends. He often helps his sister Radhika (Shivani Tanksale) and Andy – his sister's colleague (both are fashion photographers) with music for their fashion shows.

Radhika wants to get her friend Meera (Sunny Leone) for her fashion shows featuring in India but Meera is reluctant. Hence, Radhika with the help of her friend Andy (VJ Andy) take her to India on an aeroplane by making her drunk (induced drowsiness). After they arrive in India, Meera discovers the truth and gets angry. Meanwhile, her mood changes as she sees Rajasthani girls playing a traditional game and starts to play with them forgetting her plight.

While in India, Meera meets royalty -Ranveer Singh (Mohit Ahlawat), a Rajput prince, in Rajasthan. The two eventually fall in love and get married. The prince Ranveer is in middle of a property dispute with his cousin Bikram Singh (Jas Arora).

Meanwhile, back home, Karan has persistent dreams of someone whipping him and many times he wakes up from his sleep shouting loudly "Leela! Leela!". In an attempt to figure why, his friends takes him to a Pandit (Naadi palm leaf reader) who tells him that his pain is rooted in his past life of 300 years ago.

With the help from the Pandit, Karan travels through his past and they find out that he must be Shravan (Rajneesh Duggal), who was in love with a girl called Leela (also played by Sunny Leone) but his master, an artist, Bhairao (Rahul Dev) adopts her as his muse. Bhairao makes a statue of Leela and discovers that Leela is in love with Shravan. In a fit of rage, Bhairao kills both Shravan and Leela by pushing them into a bottomless pit of fire.

With the advice from Pandit, Karan gets some courage to visit a place called Bhairao Virajana (the place of dispute between Ranveer and Bikram). This place is under dispute because both the Prince Ranveer and Bikram know that a statue of "Leela" is hidden in the midst of its ruins, which is worth a billion dollars.

Bikram finds out that Karan is trespassing his property and brings him to Prince Ranveer to inform him that their property is now being invaded by unknown strangers.

Inside the palace, Karan meets Meera and tries to remind Meera about their past but Meera does not believe him. Karan plays a song "Tere Bin" that takes Meera back into their past and she recollects her past life as the beautiful Leela... Bikram overhears all the conversations and knows that the secret of where the statue of Leela is hidden can be known by kidnapping Karan and Meera and forcing them to spill the beans.

With the help of a some henchmen, Meera and Karan get kidnapped by Bikram who is looking for a statue that Bhairao had made. The current market value of the statue is $10 billion and Bikram wants to keep the money for himself. Bikram starts harassing Meera so that she would tell him where the statue is hidden, and therefore under duress and to save Meera, Karan reveals that the statue was hidden behind a wall, and then when Bikram gets to the statue, Prince Ranveer arrives and pierces Bikram's hand with a sword.

At the end, Karan realizes that he was actually the reincarnation of Bhairao and not of Shravan (who got reincarnated in Ranveer). Karan tries to redeem his ills by committing suicide but Meera and Ranveer don't let him.

Karan's album "Tere Bin" gets him fame and the story ends happily ever after.

Cast
Sunny Leone as Leela (first birth)/Meera Singh (reborn with same face and married to Ranveer)
Rajneesh Duggal as Shravan (Leela's lover in her previous birth)
Jay Bhanushali as Karan (reincarnation of Bhairao)
Rahul Dev as Bhairao
Mohit Ahlawat as Prince Ranveer Singh (rebirth of Shravan and now married to Meera)
Jas Arora as Prince Bikram Singh
Shivani Tanksale as Radhika Randhawa
VJ Andy as himself
Ahsaan Qureshi as Maan Singh
Daniel Weber as Flight Pilot (Cameo appearance)
Sandeep Bhojak as Jaswant Singh

Production
The film is produced by Bhushan Kumar's company T-Series and Ahmed Khan's own production company Paperdoll Entertainment.

Development

Bobby Khan stated that Sunny Leone was the only actress suitable for the roles . He also stated that big actors refused to do the film because of Leone. Actor Mohit Ahlawat returned to films after four years. Leone's husband Daniel Weber also had a cameo appearance in the film as flight attendant. As the film revisits two very different eras, the attire worn by Leone was also carefully designed. Leone's personal stylist Hitesh Kapopara who has also designed costumes for Leone for her previous films went for shopping in the local markets of London and Rajasthan for traditional accessories.

Filming

The film was shot at various location including Mumbai, London and Rajasthan. In Rajasthan, it was filmed at remote interiors and villages. At Jodhpur, the sand dunes were also included in the shoot along with the villagers for a song sequence. A village was also created on the desert to commence the filming. The Khimsar Fort in Nagaur, Laxmi Niwas Palace of Bikaner were also included into the shots and were used as royal palace in the film. Reportedly, Sunny got skin infection on the sets as she has to shoot in the scorching heat and had rashes over the body. Leone also learnt Rajasthani dialect for the film. She attended workshops for the song "Dhol Baaje" and learnt classical dance steps from the veteran choreographer Saroj Khan. As per reports, she also had to bath with 100 litres of milk for a scene in the film.

Soundtrack

The music for the film was composed by Dr. Zeus, Amaal Mallik, Meet Bros Anjjan, Tony Kakkar and Uzair Jaswal with lyrics penned by Kumaar, Manoj Muntashir and Tony Kakkar. The background score was composed by Mannan Munjal. The soundtrack comprises 9 songs. Ensemble singers like Tulsi Kumar, Arijit Singh, Kanika Kapoor, Monali Thakur, Meet Bros Anjjan, Mohit Chauhan, Neha Kakkar and Pakistani singer Uzair Jaswal have lent their voices for the film. The first song titled "Desi Look" was released as single on 19 February 2015. The full soundtrack album was released on 10 March 2015.

Critical response
The soundtrack of Ek Paheli Leela received generally positive review from the music critics. Critic Rajiv Vijayakar from Bollywood Hungama gave the album a rating of 3 stars out of 5 and felt, "Some tracks will help the film, some will be helped by the film, but the rest are largely fillers. With four of the nine tracks being re-creations, the score gets a fillip in theory. " Kasmin Fernandes of The Times of India gave a rating of 4 and commented, "The originals stand out more than adaptations here." Joginder Tuteja of Rediff gave three stars, and commented, "The music of Ek Paheli Leela has a good mix of party and romantic numbers. It's the original numbers in the soundtrack that do better than the adapted versions. Play this one when you want some variety; it has a good mix of party and romantic numbers." BizAsia gave a rating of 7.5 out of 10 to the album summarizing it as, "This album has the elements for an all-round entertainer designed and composed for the masses around the world using the best hit making formulas in the current industry... including recreating old hits." Glamsham awarded the album 3.5 stars out of 5 and stated, "Summing up, the audio of T-Series' Ek Paheli Leela meets the expectations with some potential chart toppers like 'Desi Look', 'Tere Bin Nahi Laage' and 'Saiyyan Superstar'. The 'getting popular' audio should aid the cause of this musical love saga, when Ek Paheli Leela releases all over this April." Radioandmusic.com called the album "a mixed one". Surabhi Redkar from Koimoi gave 2 stars and felt, "The music album of Ek Paheli Leela is not exactly a hit one. It has only certain songs that are worth listening" while picking "Tere Bin (Male)", "Khuda Bhi" and "Ek Do Teen as the best ones.

A remix album was made by DJ Chetas and was released on T-Series YouTube on 26 March 2015.

Reception

Box office
The film was released on 10 April 2015 with estimated occupancy of 20% with greater occupancy in single screens than multiplexes. On its opening day it collected  beating the opening day collections of films like NH10, Shamitabh and Detective Byomkesh Bakshy. On its second day, it collected around  taking its total to . The film showed further growth on its third day as it collected  nett to take its first weekend total to around  nett.Till its second weekend, it managed to collect  nett. At the end of its theatrical run, Ek Paheli Leela grossed around  nett.

Critical reception
The Times of India gave the film 3 stars out of 5 and described the film as "colourful, crisp and convivial". Bollywood Hungama gave the film 3.5 stars out of 5 and praised the film's cinematography, direction, screenplay and stated, "On the whole, Ek Paheli Leela is worth watching, purely because of Sunny Leone and the way she has been presented... like never before!!!" DNA India gave the film 2 stars and applauded Sunny's transformation of two characters and film's music while stating that, "Sunny Leone fans will be in for a royal treat. If Sunny Leone gets your temperature rising then Leela won't disappoint. The New Indian Express gave the film three and a half stars praising film's narration and stated, "Stunningly mounted and sumptuously narrated, "Ek Paheli Leela" is a feast for the senses. Basha Lal's camera caresses Ms Leone's assets and the sand dunes of Jaisalmer with equal affection. It may not be revolutionary in concept or path-breaking in execution. But make no mistake. "Ek Paheli Leela" is the surprise of the year.
Mid-Day called it "semi-porn rubbish",
while IBNLive gave it 1.5 stars stating that the dialog was full of crude sexual jokes and that it was "soft porn" emphasising the short skirts of the women and the physique of the men. The Hindustan Times  said the film had a " ludicrous script" and "wooden" acting. India Today praised the cinematography and Leone's dancing. Mumbai Mirror called it " an insincere, lavish and titillating compilation of every item song ever made." Rediff stated although the film was poorly written and had many flaws in its execution, it succeeded at its purpose of being a one-woman show to highlight Leone. Indian Express gave the film zero stars stating "all this film wants to do is to exploit its leading lady's awe-inspiring stack... From as many angles as possible, the closer the better".  NDTV called it a "vapid yarn about love, desire and obsession unfolds against good-looking backgrounds".

See also
 Bollywood films of 2015
 Kuch Kuch Locha Hai

References

External links

 Ek Paheli Leela at Google Play

2015 films
2010s Hindi-language films
2010s romantic thriller films
2015 thriller films
2015 romantic drama films
2010s romantic musical films
Films shot in Rajasthan
Films set in Rajasthan
Indian romantic drama films
T-Series (company) films
Indian romantic thriller films
Films scored by Meet Bros Anjjan
Films scored by Amaal Mallik
Indian romantic musical films
Films about reincarnation


title: John Joseph Jenik

text:
John Joseph Jenik (born March 7, 1944) is an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church who served as an auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of New York from 2014 to 2018. His ministerial privileges were suspended in October 2018, pending Vatican investigation of a sexual abuse allegation.

On October 10, 2019, Pope Francis accepted Jenik's resignation, a normal practice when a bishop reaches his 75th birthday.

Biography

Early life
John Jenik was born on March 1, 1944, in Manhattan.  He was educated at Immaculate Conception School in Manhattan and Cathedral College High School in Queens, New York.  He studied for the priesthood at St. Joseph's Seminary in Yonkers, New York.

Priesthood
Jenik was ordained into the priesthood for the Archdiocese of New York by Cardinal Terence Cooke on May 30, 1970.  He studied Spanish at the Pontifical Catholic University of Puerto Rico in Ponce, Puerto Rico, and earned a Master of Education degree from Fordham University in New York City  His pastoral assignments were all parishes in the Bronx.  They included:

 Parochial vicar at St. Jerome's from 1970 to 1974
 St. Thomas Aquinas from 1974 to 1978
 Our Lady of Refuge from 1978 to 2018

Jenik was named a monsignor by the Vatican in 1995, and served as regional vicar for the Northeast Bronx from 2006.

Auxiliary Bishop of New York
Jenik was named the titular bishop of Druas and an auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of New York by Pope Francis on June 14, 2014.  He was consecrated by Cardinal Timothy Dolan in St. Patrick's Cathedral in Manhattan on August 4, 2014.  Auxiliary Bishops Gerald Walsh and Dominick Lagonegro were the co-consecrators. While auxiliary bishop, Jenik continued as pastor at Our Lady of Refuge Parish and the vicar for the Northeast Bronx.

In 2016, a New York man, Michael J. Meenan filed a sexual abuse accusation against Jenik with Fordham Preparatory School in the Bronx.  Meenan claimed that in 1984 Jenik, then a teacher at the school, sexually abused him at age 15 at a sleepover.  Fordham found the accusation credible and negotiated a settlement with Meenan. Jenik denied the accusations and remained in his ministerial posts.  In January 2018, Meenan filed the same complaint with the archdiocese.  He was interviewed by the Lay Review Board later that year, which also decided that the allegation was "credible and substantiated" On October 31, 2018, Archbishop Dolan announced that Jenik was stepping down as pastor of Our Lady of Refuge and from his other public ministerial functions, awaiting review by the Vatican.

Retirement
On October 10, 2019, Pope Francis accepted Jenik's resignation as auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of New York, which he submitted as required when he turned 75.  His investigation by the Vatican was still ongoing at that time.

See also

 Catholic Church hierarchy
 Catholic Church in the United States
 Historical list of the Catholic bishops of the United States
 List of Catholic bishops of the United States
 Lists of patriarchs, archbishops, and bishops

References

External links
 Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York Official Site

1944 births
Living people
Religious leaders from Manhattan
Clergy from New York City
Saint Joseph's Seminary (Dunwoodie) alumni
Fordham University alumni
People of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York
21st-century American Roman Catholic titular bishops
Roman Catholic bishops in New York (state)
Bedford Park, Bronx
Bishops appointed by Pope Francis


title: Suzuki (surname)

text:
Suzuki (written:  lit. "bell wood", "bell tree" or "bud tree") is a Japanese surname. As of 2008, it is the second most common surname in Japan, after Satō, with 1.9 million people registered. It is said to have been named by the Hozumi clan (穂積氏) in the Heian period (794-1185), after suzuki, which means "the ears of rice piled up" in the dialect of southern Wakayama and Mie prefectures (also known as Kumano). 鈴木 are ateji.

People with the surname
, Japanese racing driver
, Japanese voice actress
, Japanese singer, actress, model and radio personality
, Japanese violinist
, Japanese gravure idol, television personality and actress
, Japanese bobsledder
, Japanese surgeon, medical scientist and educator
, Japanese figure skater
, Japanese chemist and creator of the Suzuki reaction
, Japanese animator
, Japanese writer and journalist
, Japanese singer, idol, DJ and actress
, also known as Kakko, Japanese actress, television presenter and singer
, Japanese actress
, Japanese particle physicist
, Japanese rugby sevens player
, Japanese footballer
, Japanese long-distance runner
Bruno Suzuki (born 1990), Brazilian-born Japanese footballer
, Japanese politician
, Japanese voice actor and singer
, Japanese footballer and manager
, Japanese model and actress
Cutie Suzuki (born 1969), Japanese professional wrestler
, Japanese Zen Buddhist scholar
, Japanese swimmer
, Japanese baseball player
Daiki Suzuki, Japanese-born American fashion designer
, Japanese rower
, Japanese footballer
, Japanese actor and voice actor
, Japanese footballer
, Japanese musician
, Japanese shogi player
, Japanese singer
Daniele Suzuki (born 1977), Brazilian actress
Dave Suzuki (born 1972), American musician
David Suzuki (born 1936), Canadian science broadcaster and environmentalist
, Japanese actor
Diane Suzuki, Hawaiian missing person
, Japanese politician
, Japanese sport wrestler
, Chinese-born Japanese fashion model and actress
, Japanese synchronized swimmer
, Japanese voice actress
, Japanese actor
, Japanese baseball player and coach
, Japanese voice actress, gravure idol and model
, Japanese footballer
, Japanese footballer
, Japanese long-distance runner
Jack Soo (born Goro Suzuki), Japanese actor
, Japanese figure skater
, Japanese artist
, Japanese footballer
, Japanese professional wrestler
, Japanese cellist
, Japanese ice hockey player
, Japanese footballer
Hifumi Suzuki (born 1957), Japanese Paralympic archer
, Japanese shoot boxer
, Japanese actor
, Japanese actor and singer
, Japanese wrestling manager and promoter
, Japanese illustrator
, Japanese long-distance runner
, Japanese volleyball player
, Japanese baseball player
, Japanese bobsledder
, Japanese swimmer
, better known as Papaya Suzuki, Japanese actor, dancer and television personality
, Japanese yo-yo performer
, Japanese figure skater, ice dancer and skating coach
, Japanese architectural historian
, Japanese sprinter
, Japanese actress
, Japanese former baseball player
, Japanese automotive engineer
, Japanese footballer
, Japanese actor
, Japanese jazz double-bassist
Janet M. Suzuki (1943–1987), American librarian and activist
, Japanese manga artist
Julietta Suzuki, Japanese manga artist
, Japanese footballer and manager
, Japanese footballer
, Japanese footballer
, Japanese footballer
, Japanese politician
, Japanese footballer
, Japanese footballer
, Japanese ice hockey player
, Japanese politician
, Japanese shogi player
, Japanese idol and singer
, Imperial Japanese Navy admiral and Prime Minister of Japan
, Japanese actress
, Japanese footballer
, Japanese actor and model
, Japanese politician
, Japanese voice actor
, Japanese footballer
, Japanese actor, film director, fashion designer and model
, Japanese musician and composer
, Japanese politician
, Japanese racing driver
, Japanese speed skater
, Japanese judoka
, Japanese voice actress
, Japanese baseball player
, Japanese politician
, Japanese footballer
, Japanese Go player
, Japanese long-distance runner
, Japanese sport wrestler
, Japanese television announcer
, Japanese special effects director and actor
, Japanese footballer
, better known as Damo Suzuki, Japanese musician
, Japanese footballer
, Japanese footballer
, Japanese footballer
, Japanese professional wrestler
, Japanese astronomer
, Japanese painter
, Japanese basketball player and coach
, Japanese statesman and politician
, Japanese songwriter and guitarist
, Japanese World War II flying ace
, Japanese voice actor
, Japanese photographer
, Japanese director
, Japanese writer
, Japanese footballer
, Japanese singer
, Japanese footballer
, Japanese actor
, Japanese professional wrestler
, Japanese sailor
, Japanese footballer
Kurt Suzuki (born 1983), American baseball player
, Japanese actress
Mac Suzuki (born 1975), Japanese baseball player
 (aka Magoichi Saika), leader of the Saika Ikki mercenaries
 (aka Magoroku  Saika), brother of Suzuki Magoichi
, Japanese racing driver, journalist and sports announcer
, Japanese biathlete
, Japanese voice actress
, Japanese idol, singer and actress
, Japanese organist, harpsichordist and conductor
, Japanese women's footballer and manager
, Japanese footballer
, Japanese kickboxer
, Japanese Methodist pastor
, Japanese footballer
, Japanese ice hockey player
, Japanese footballer and manager
, Japanese speed skater
, Japanese voice actress and singer
, Japanese footballer
Masato Suzuki, Japanese mixed martial artist
Masatsugu Suzuki, Japanese-American physicist
, Japanese footballer
, Japanese singer
, Japanese drummer
, Japanese voice actress
, Japanese businessman, inventor and founder of the Suzuki Motor Corporation
, Japanese mathematician
Midori Suzuki (artist) (born 1947), Japanese artist living and working in Mexico
, Japanese educator
, Japanese soprano
Mie Suzuki (born 1958) Japanese voice actress
, Japanese writer
, Japanese darts player
, Japanese voice actress
, Japanese professional wrestler and mixed martial artist
, Japanese politician
, Japanese cyclist
, Japanese actor and voice actor
, Japanese sprinter
, Japanese socialist, journalist and writer
, Japanese samurai
, Japanese politician
, Japanese footballer
, Japanese manga artist
, Japanese cyclist
, Japanese politician
Nick Suzuki (born 1999), Canadian hockey player
, Japanese footballer
, Japanese mixed martial artist
, Japanese actor
, Japanese actor
, Japanese film director and screenwriter
, Japanese explorer
, Japanese footballer
, Japanese golfer
, Japanese businessman
, Japanese ceramist
, Japanese television writer and screenwriter
, Japanese dancer, choreographer, and actor
Pat Suzuki (born 1930), American singer and actress
Rafael Suzuki (born 1987), Brazilian racing driver
, Japanese cyclist
, Japanese actress and singer
, Japanese politician
, Japanese voice actress

, Japanese musician and singer-songwriter
, Japanese actress
Russell Suzuki, American lawyer and Attorney General of Hawaii
Ryan Suzuki (born 2001), Canadian ice hockey player
, Japanese actor
, Japanese footballer and manager
Ryoko Suzuki (born 1970), Japanese artist
, Japanese footballer
, Japanese voice actor
, Japanese footballer
, Japanese footballer
Sakari Suzuki (1899–1995), Japanese-born American artist
, Japanese freestyle skier
, Japanese actress, gravure idol, singer and television personality
, Japanese swimmer
, Japanese footballer
, Japanese screenwriter
, Japanese actress
, Japanese figure skater
Seiichi Suzuki (philologist) (born 1956), Japanese philologist
, Japanese politician
, Japanese film director
, Japanese baseball player
, Japanese rose breeder
, Japanese ice hockey player
Senichi Suzuki, Japanese engineer
Sergio Suzuki (born 1994), Japanese taekwondo practitioner
, Japanese sprinter
, Japanese samurai
, Japanese samurai
, Japanese musician
, Japanese general
, Japanese footballer
, Japanese film director and screenwriter
, Japanese boxer
, Japanese footballer
, Japanese classical violinist and creator of the "Suzuki method"
, Japanese photographer
, Japanese photographer
, Japanese boxer
, Japanese cyclist
, Japanese politician
, Japanese announcer and television personality
, Japanese actor, voice actor and narrator
, Japanese actor and musician
, Japanese astronomer
, Japanese jazz clarinetist and bandleader
, Japanese samurai
, Japanese decathlete
, Japanese baseball player
, Japanese footballer
, Japanese footballer
, Japanese footballer
, Japanese politician and bureaucrat
, Japanese politician
, Japanese Zen Buddhist master
, Japanese footballer
, Japanese general
, Japanese artist
, Japanese writer
, Japanese theatre director, writer and philosopher
, Japanese footballer
, Japanese footballer
, Japanese baseball player
, Japanese ice hockey player
, Japanese politician
, Japanese baseball player
, Japanese tennis player
, Japanese sociolinguist
, Japanese government official
, Japanese stock trader and politician
, Japanese footballer
, Japanese footballer
, Japanese Paralympic swimmer
, Japanese footballer
, Japanese footballer and manager
, Japanese professor of Urdu
, Japanese Paralympic alpine skier
, Japanese comedian and actor
, Japanese voice actor
, Japanese Go player
, Japanese footballer and manager
, Japanese actor, voice actor and singer
, Japanese motorcycle racer
, Japanese cinematographer
, Japanese karateka
, Japanese footballer
, Japanese footballer
, Japanese footballer
, Imperial Japanese Army general and economist
, Japanese classical composer
Toby Suzuki, Bronze Wolf recipient
, Japanese footballer
, Japanese footballer
, Japanese voice actress
, Japanese footballer
, Japanese women's footballer
, Japanese footballer
, Japanese footballer
, Japanese golfer
, Japanese chief executive
, Japanese film producer
, Japanese racing driver
, Japanese footballer
, Japanese-long-distance runner
, Japanese politician
Udo Suzuki (born 1970), Japanese musician and comedian
, Japanese scientist
, Japanese judoka
Wendy Suzuki, American neuroscientist and writer
, Japanese boxer
, Japanese footballer
, Japanese serial killer
, Japanese footballer
, Japanese speed skater
, Japanese politician
, Japanese politician
Yohei Suzuki (born 1973), Japanese mixed martial artist
, Japanese particle physicist
, Japanese businesswoman
, Japanese volleyball player
, Japanese baseball player
, Japanese footballer
, Japanese footballer
, Japanese footballer
, Japanese rower
, Japanese video game designer and producer
, Japanese volleyball player
, Japanese basketball player and coach
, Japanese volleyball player
, Japanese footballer
, Japanese curler
, Japanese sprint canoeist
, Japanese cyclist
Yuri Suzuki (physicist), American physicist
, Japanese footballer
, Japanese racewalker
, Japanese footballer
, Japanese voice actor
, Japanese model and actress
, Japanese politician and Prime Minister of Japan

Fictional characters
, a character in the manga series Yu Yu Hakusho
Suzuki, a character in the manga series Ichi the Killer
Suzuki, the lady's maid in Puccini's opera Madama Butterfly|
, a character in the story "Taisho Adventures" in the mobile game "Dress Up! Time Princess"
, a character in the manga series Marmalade Boy
, a character in the anime series Sakura Quest
, protagonist of the light novel series Death March to the Parallel World Rhapsody
, a character in the light novel series Jinsei
, protagonist of the manga series Welcome to Demon School! Iruma-kun
, a character in the manga series Case Closed
, a character in the manga series K-On!
, a character in the visual novel A Good Librarian Like a Good Shepherd
, a character in the video game Scared Rider Xechs
Kissy Suzuki, a Bond girl
 (Maggey Byrde), a character in the video game Phoenix Wright: Ace Attorney − Justice for All
, a character in the manga series Doki Doki School Hours
, a character in the manga series High School Girls
, a character in the anime series Two Car
, a character in the television series Ressha Sentai ToQger
, a character in the manga series Bamboo Blade
, a character in the anime series Gatchaman Crowds
, a character in the manga series Pani Poni Dash
 and , characters in the manga series Mob Psycho 100
 (Serena Sebastian), a character in the manga series Case Closed
, a character in the anime series Girls und Panzer
Yoko Suzuki, a character in the video game Resident Evil Outbreak
, a character in the manga series Gantz
, a character in the anime series Tesagure! Bukatsu-mono
, a character in the manga series High School Girls
, protagonist of the manga series Red River

See also

References

Japanese-language surnames
Shake clans


title: 2014–15 National T20 Cup

text:
The Haier T20 Cup 2014-15 was the eleventh season of the National T20 Cup in Pakistan, sponsored by Haier. The tournament started on September 17, 2014 at Karachi which was relocated from Multan due to torrential rains and flooding in Punjab. A total of 18 Teams divided into four groups participated in this tournament.

Venue

Teams

Tournament
The tournament was scheduled to be held between 17 and 28 September 2014. Tournament is a Round Robin and Knockout tournament.

Group stage

Group A

Group B

Group C

Group D

Knockout stage

Semi-finals

Final

Statistics

References

2014–15 National T20 Cup
2014 in Pakistani cricket
2015 in Pakistani cricket
Domestic cricket competitions in 2014–15
Pakistani cricket seasons from 2000–01


title: Yesterday's Thoughts

text:
Yesterday's Thoughts is an album by Art Farmer recorded in 1975 and originally released on the Japanese East Wind label.

Reception

Ken Dryden of AllMusic states, " Don't expect to find this long-unavailable LP quickly or at a bargain price, but it is well worth the effort to acquire it".

Track listing
 "What Are You Doing the Rest of Your Life?" (Alan and Marilyn Bergman, Michel Legrand) – 9:52
 "How Insensitive" (Antônio Carlos Jobim, Vinícius de Moraes) – 6:35
 "Namely You" (Gene de Paul, Johnny Mercer) – 5:58
 "Alone Together" (Howard Dietz, Arthur Schwartz) – 9:31
 "Yesterday's Thoughts" (Benny Golson) – 8:02
 "Firm Roots" (Cedar Walton) – 4:58

Personnel
Art Farmer – flugelhorn
Cedar Walton – piano
Sam Jones – bass
Billy Higgins – drums

References

East Wind Records albums
Art Farmer albums
1976 albums


title: Freedom Fund

text:
The Freedom Fund is an international non-profit organisation dedicated to identifying and investing in the most effective frontline efforts to end slavery. In 2017, the International Labour Organization reported that on any given day in 2016, there were 40 million people living in modern slavery worldwide across a wide range of industries.

The Freedom Fund was founded in September 2013, by three leading anti-slavery donors, Humanity United, the Legatum Foundation and the Walk Free Foundation and officially announced by President Bill Clinton at the Clinton Global Initiative on September 26, 2013 where he declared "this is a huge deal and we should all support this."

Mission and values

The Freedom Fund has set a target of raising USD $100million by 2020 and investing it to bring about much needed strategic focus to the fight against modern slavery. To achieve this, The Freedom Fund has focused its activities on three main areas:

Hotspot projects – The Freedom Fund partners with frontline organisations to directly combat slavery in defined regions with a high concentration of slavery. They do this by setting up "hotspot" projects - clusters of the most effective community-based organisations in these regions. Partnering with these organisations in some of the world's poorest and most marginalised communities is difficult, demanding and time intensive, but it is also one of the most effective ways to achieve large scale and sustainable change. The Freedom Fund's northern India hotspot has been in place since 2014, and as of December 2017, had liberated over 11,000 people from modern slavery. The Freedom Fund's hotspots are located in central Nepal, Ethiopia, northern India, south-eastern Nepal, southern India and Thailand.
Global initiatives - The Freedom Fund tackles underlying systems that allow slavery to persist. They do this in their hotspots, engaging the government, private sector, media, social movements, and other key drivers of change. They also do it by catalysing action on selected global issues and industries that have a direct link to their hotspots. This allows the Freedom Fund to tackle systemic issues like slavery in fishing, migration, or to help develop new technological tools or legal initiatives. In March 2015, the Freedom Fund and C&A Foundation announced a partnership to tackle forced labour in the textile industry.
Movement building initiatives - The Freedom Fund helps to build and empower a global anti-slavery movement, providing the platforms, tools and knowledge for organisations to connect and work together more effectively.

Leadership

The Freedom Fund's inaugural CEO, Nick Grono, has written articles on modern slavery for the Huffington Post, Newsweek, The Guardian, as well as the Freedom Fund blog. Grono previously served as Deputy President and COO of the Brussels-based International Crisis Group and as CEO of the Walk Free Foundation, an international anti-slavery organisation. During his tenure, the Walk Free Foundation built a global anti-slavery movement with over five million supporters and launched the first ever Global Slavery Index. Grono joined Freedom Fund in December 2013.

Impact
Freedom Fund operates as a meta-charity which disburses grants to local partners who directly implement anti-slavery initiatives. Freedom Fund requires funding recipients to evaluate their performance using a common set of metrics, answering questions including "How many people are being reached directly?" and "[What's the] cost per person to each project?".

As of June 2020 the Freedom Fund reported to have:
 Impacted 765,628 lives
 Liberated 28,040 people from modern slavery
 Helped 57,419 previously out-of-school children to receive formal or non-formal education

COVID-19 emergency fund: In response to the 2019–2020 coronavirus pandemic, The Freedom Fund set up a COVID-19 emergency fund which offered immediate, small scale support to frontline responders in disadvantaged communities in Brazil, Ethiopia, India, Myanmar, Nepal, and Thailand. Monetary assistance was used for food, shelter, protective equipment for medical professionals, sanitation, and other immediate virus-related needs.

Reports
 March 2015: Putting justice first
 October 2015: Addressing mental health needs in survivors of modern slavery: A critical review and research agenda
 December 2015: Ending impunity, securing justice: Using strategic litigation to combat modern-day slavery and human trafficking
 December 2015: Fighting modern slavery: Why role for international criminal justice
 December 2015: Unshackling development: Why we need a global partnership to end modern slavery
 January 2016: Modern slavery and corruption
 February 2016: Safer labour migration and community-based prevention of exploitation: The state of the evidence for programming
 April 2016: Funding the fight against modern slavery
 April 2016: Struggling to survive: Slavery and exploitation of Syrian refugees in Lebanon
 May 2016: Assessing government and business responses to the Thai seafood crisis
 October 2016: Fighting impunity, securing justice: Investing in strategic litigation to combat modern slavery
 November 2016: Modern slavery and trafficking in conflict: The UN's response
 January 2018: Her freedom, her voice: Insights from the Freedom Fund’s work with women and girls
 December 2018: Leaning in: Advancing the role of finance against modern slavery
 January 2019: The longer, the riskier: Forced labour along the supply chain
 May 2019: Pathways to justice: How grassroots organisations are harnessing the law to tackle modern slavery
 August 2019: Methodologies for measuring the prevalence of modern slavery
 September 2019: Unlocking what works: How community-based interventions are ending bonded labour in India
 May 2020: Lessons from humanitarian crises
 June 2020: "Our departure" - Responsible recruitment scoping study
 September 2020: Global pandemic, local devastation
 October 2020: Survivors of trafficking need economic security and decent work to sustain liberation
 January 2021: Lessons from the COVID frontlines

See also
 Walk Free Foundation

References

Contemporary slavery
Organizations that combat human trafficking
Quality of life
Non-profit organizations based in New York City


title: ZMapp

text:
ZMapp is an experimental biopharmaceutical drug comprising three chimeric monoclonal antibodies under development as a treatment for Ebola virus disease. Two of the three components were originally developed at the Public Health Agency of Canada's National Microbiology Laboratory (NML), and the third at the U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases; the cocktail was optimized by Gary Kobinger, a research scientist at the NML and underwent further development under license by Mapp Biopharmaceutical. ZMapp was first used on humans during the Western African Ebola virus epidemic, having only been previously tested on animals and not yet subjected to a randomized controlled trial. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) ran a clinical trial starting in January 2015 with subjects from Sierra Leone, Guinea, and Liberia aiming to enroll 200 people, but the epidemic waned and the trial closed early, leaving it too statistically underpowered to give a meaningful result about whether ZMapp worked.

In 2016, a clinical study comparing ZMapp to the current standard of care for Ebola was inconclusive.

Chemistry
The drug is composed of three monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), initially harvested from mice exposed to Ebola virus proteins, that have been chimerized with human constant regions.  The components are chimeric monoclonal antibody c13C6 from a previously existing antibody cocktail called "MB-003" and two chimeric mAbs from a different antibody cocktail called ZMab, c2G4, and c4G7. ZMapp is manufactured in the tobacco plant Nicotiana benthamiana in the bioproduction process known as "pharming" by Kentucky BioProcessing, a subsidiary of Reynolds American.

Mechanism of action
Like intravenous immunoglobulin therapy, ZMapp contains a mixture of neutralizing antibodies that confer passive immunity to an individual, enhancing the normal immune response, and is designed to be administered after exposure to the Ebola virus. Such antibodies have been used in the treatment and prevention of various infectious diseases and are intended to attack the virus by interfering with its surface and neutralizing it to prevent further damage.

History
Two of the drug's three components were originally developed at the Public Health Agency of Canada's National Microbiology Laboratory (NML), and a third at the U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases; the cocktail was optimized by Gary Kobinger, then branch chief of the NML, and is undergoing further development by Leaf Biopharmaceutical (LeafBio, Inc.), a San Diego-based arm of Mapp Biopharmaceutical.  LeafBio created ZMapp in collaboration with its parent and Defyrus Inc., each of which had licensed its own cocktail of antibodies, called MB-003 and ZMab.

MB-003
MB-003 is a cocktail of three humanized or human–mouse chimeric mAbs: c13C6, h13F6, and c6D8. A study published in September 2012 found that rhesus macaques infected with Ebola virus (EBOV) survived when receiving MB-003 (mixture of 3 chimeric monoclonal antibodies) one hour after infection. When treated 24 or 48 hours after infection, four of six animals survived and had little to no viremia and few, if any, clinical symptoms.

MB-003 was created by scientists at the U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Gene Olinger, and Jamie Pettitt in collaboration with Mapp Biopharmaceutical with years of funding from US government agencies including the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority, and the Defense Threat Reduction Agency.

ZMAb
ZMAb is a mixture of three mouse mAbs: m1H3, m2G4, and m4G7. A study published in November 2013 found that EBOV-infected macaque monkeys survived after being given a therapy with a combination of three EBOV surface glycoprotein (EBOV-GP)-specific monoclonal antibodies (ZMAb) within 24 hours of infection. The authors concluded that post-exposure treatment resulted in a robust immune response, with good protection for up to 10 weeks and some protection at 13 weeks. ZMab was created by the NML and licensed to Defyrus, a Toronto-based biodefense company, with further funding by the Public Health Agency of Canada.

ZMapp
A 2014 paper described how Mapp and its collaborators, including investigators at Public Health Agency of Canada, Kentucky BioProcessing, and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, first chimerized the three antibodies comprising ZMAb, then tested combinations of MB-003 and the chimeric ZMAb antibodies in guinea pigs and then primates to determine the best combination, which turned out to be c13C6 from MB-003 and two chimeric mAbs from ZMAb, c2G4 and c4G7.  This is ZMapp.

In an experiment also published in the 2014 paper, 21 rhesus macaque primates were infected with the Kikwit Congolese variant of EBOV.  Three primates in the control arm were given a non-functional antibody, and the 18 in the treatment arm were divided into three groups of six.  All primates in the treatment arm received three doses of ZMapp, spaced 3 days apart.  The first treatment group received its first dose on 3rd day after being infected; the second group on the 4th day after being infected, and the third group, on the 5th day after being infected.  All three primates in the control group died; all 18 primates in the treatment arm survived.  Mapp then went on to show that ZMapp inhibits replication of a Guinean strain of EBOV in cell cultures.

Mapp remains involved in the production of the drug through its contracts with Kentucky BioProcessing, a subsidiary of Reynolds American.  To produce the drug, genes coding for the chimeric mAbs were inserted into viral vectors, and tobacco plants are infected with the viral vector encoding for the antibodies, using Agrobacterium cultures. Subsequently, antibodies are extracted and purified from the plants. Once the genes encoding the chimeric mAbs are in hand, the entire tobacco production cycle is believed to take a few months.  The development of these production methods was funded by the U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency as part of its bio-defense efforts following the 9/11 terrorist attacks.

Use during the 2014–16 Ebola outbreak in West Africa

ZMapp was first used during the 2014 West Africa Ebola Virus outbreak, having not previously undergone any human clinical trials to determine its efficacy or potential risks. By October 2014, the United States Food and Drug Administration had approved the use of several experimental drugs, including ZMapp, to be used on patients infected with Ebola virus. The use of such drugs during the epidemic was also deemed ethical by the World Health Organization. In 2014, a limited supply of ZMapp was used to treat 7 individuals infected with the Ebola virus; of these 2 died. The outcome is not considered to be statistically significant. Mapp announced in August 2014, that supplies of ZMapp had been exhausted.

Controversy
The lack of drugs and unavailability of experimental treatment in the most affected regions of the West African Ebola virus outbreak spurred some controversy.  The fact that the drug was first given to Americans and a European and not to Africans, according to the Los Angeles Times, "provoked outrage, feeding into African perceptions of Western insensitivity and arrogance, with a deep sense of mistrust and betrayal still lingering over the exploitation and abuses of the colonial era".  Salim S. Abdool Karim, the director of an AIDS research center in South Africa, placed the issue in the context of the history of exploitation and abuses. Responding to a question on how people might have reacted if ZMapp and other drugs had first been used on Africans, he said "It would have been the front-page screaming headline: 'Africans used as guinea pigs for American drug company's medicine.

In early August, the World Health Organization called for convening a panel of medical authorities "to consider whether experimental drugs should be more widely released." In a statement, Peter Piot (co-discoverer of the Ebola virus); Jeremy Farrar, the director of the Wellcome Trust; and David Heymann of the Chatham House Center on Global Health Security, called for the release of experimental drugs for affected African nations.

At an August 6, 2014 press conference, Barack Obama, the President of the United States, was questioned regarding whether the cocktail should be fast-tracked for approval or be made available to sick patients outside of the United States. He responded, "I think we've got to let the science guide us. I don't think all the information's in on whether this drug is helpful."

Clinical trial

The National Institutes of Health announced on 27 February 2015 the commencement of a randomized controlled trial of ZMapp to be conducted in Liberia and the United States. From March 2015 through November 2015, 72 individuals infected with the Ebola virus were enrolled in the trial; investigators stopped enrolling new subjects in January 2016, having failed to reach its enrollment goal of 200 due to the waning of the Ebola outbreak. As a result, although a 40% lower risk of death was calculated for those who received ZMapp, the difference was not statistically significant and ultimately it could not be determined whether the use of ZMapp was superior to the optimized standard of care alone. However, ZMapp was found to be safe and well tolerated.

Use during the 2018-19 Kivu Ebola outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
The ZMapp cocktail was assessed by the World Health Organization for emergency use under the MEURI ethical protocol. The panel agreed that "the benefits of ZMapp outweigh its risks" while noting that it presented logistical challenges, particularly that of requiring a cold chain for distribution and storage. Four alternative therapies (remdesivir, the Regeneron product atoltivimab/maftivimab/odesivimab, favipiravir, and ansuvimab) were also considered for use, but they were at earlier stages of development.
In August 2019, the Democratic Republic of the Congo's national health authorities, the World Health Organization, and the National Institutes of Health announced that they would stop using ZMapp, along with all other Ebola treatments except atoltivimab/maftivimab/odesivimab and ansuvimab, in their ongoing clinical trials, citing the higher mortality rates of patients not treated with atoltivimab/maftivimab/odesivimab and ansuvimab.

In October 2020, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved atoltivimab/maftivimab/odesivimab with an indication for the treatment of infection caused by Zaire ebolavirus.

See also

References

Further reading

Immunology
Antiviral drugs
Monoclonal antibodies
Biotechnology
Molecular biology
Ebola
Experimental drugs


title: John Joseph O'Hara

text:
John Joseph O'Hara (born February 7, 1946) is an American prelate of the Catholic Church, who served as an auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of New York from 2014 to 2021.

Biography

Early life
O'Hara was born on February 7, 1946, in Jersey City, New Jersey, and was educated in a Catholic elementary school in Ridgewood, New Jersey, and at Don Bosco Preparatory High School in Ramsey, New Jersey. He earned a Bachelor of English degree from Seton Hall University in South Orange, New Jersey. O'Hara worked in broadcast journalism for 13 years before entering St. Joseph's Seminary in Yonkers, New York.

Priesthood
O'Hara was ordained into the priesthood for the Archdiocese of New York by Archbishop John O'Connor on December 1, 1984.  His assignments, both in Staten Island, included St. Charles Parish' as parochial vicar from 1984 to 1992, and St. Teresa's Parish  from 1992 to 2012 as both parochial vicar and pastor.  O'Hara served as the director of strategic pastoral planning for the archdiocese from 2012 to 2022, where he led the "Making All Things New" planning process for parish mergers.

Auxiliary Bishop of New York
O'Hara was named titular bishop of Ath Truim and an auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of New York by Pope Francis on June 14, 2014. He was consecrated by Cardinal Timothy Dolan in St. Patrick's Cathedral in Manhattan on August 4, 2014.  Auxiliary bishops Gerald Walsh and Dominick Lagonegro were the co-consecrators. O'Hara's crosier had been used by the late Cardinal Terence Cooke, a former Archbishop of New York.

In October 2017, O'Hara intervened to force out the International Human Rights Art Festival from performing at one of the churches in his diocese, because of its gay and transgender content. The church offered to host the event if these specific acts were rejected, but the director of the festival declined. In contrast, after Staten Island's 2020 Saint Patrick's Parade was heavily criticized for excluding supporters of gay rights, O'Hara planned to meet with the "hard line" parade organizer to urge "change in the future".

Retirement
On February 7, 2021, O'Hara reached the mandatory retirement age of 75 and submitted his letter of resignation as auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of New York to Pope Francis, as required by canon law. On April 7, 2021, the Pope accepted O'Hara's resignation.  He has continued to serve as episcopal vicar of Staten Island, joined by Bishop Peter John Byrne in 2022, and as vicar of planning for the archdiocese.

See also
 Catholic Church hierarchy
 Catholic Church in the United States
 Historical list of the Catholic bishops of the United States
 List of Catholic bishops of the United States
 Lists of patriarchs, archbishops, and bishops

References

1946 births
Living people
Clergy from Jersey City, New Jersey
Don Bosco Preparatory High School alumni
Seton Hall University alumni
Saint Joseph's Seminary (Dunwoodie) alumni
People of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York
21st-century American Roman Catholic titular bishops
Roman Catholic bishops in New York (state)
Catholics from New Jersey
Bishops appointed by Pope Francis


title: Akshat Singh

text:
Akshat Anjaria or Hakka  (born 21 April 2005) is an Indian dancer who came into prominence by showcasing his talent in the Bengali dance reality show Dance Bangla Dance. He then took part in India's reality show India's Got Talent and became an overnight sensation. Singh was also a contestant of Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa (season 7). He debuted as an actor in the Malayalam film Ayal Njanalla and he also is in a Tamil language film lakshmi

Personal life
Singh lives in Mumbai and studies in 12th grade in Ryan International School Kandivali.
Singh admitted to one of his interviews that he is an ardent fan of actor Salman Khan.

Career
Akshat's first work was in 2011 on the Bengali channel Zee Bangla, where he performed in Dance Bangla Dance. In 2014, he made his appearance on American talk show The Ellen DeGeneres Show,
before later participating on India's Got Talent. His dancing style proved popular, with the video of his performance on YouTube with five hundred thousand (5 lakh) views. Singh's popularity soon landed him a role performing for a Japanese television commercial advertisement of Pari Pari Curry. On 27 August 2017, he appeared on the Australian version of the variety show Little Big Shots, with the video highlight of this appearance achieving just under 35 million views on YouTube. In 2019, he auditioned for Britain's Got Talent and danced his way to winning a golden buzzer, though failed to reach the final.

Filmography

References

Indian male dancers
2005 births
Artists from Kolkata
Dancers from West Bengal
Living people
Britain's Got Talent contestants


title: William Taylor (Victorian politician)

text:
William Taylor (20 November 1818 – 21 June 1903) was a pastoralist and politician in colonial Victoria (Australia), a member of the Victorian Legislative Council.

Taylor was born in Glasgow, Lanarkshire, Scotland, the son of William Taylor, a merchant, and Martha, nee Kirkwood. Taylor junior was educated at the High School of Glasgow.

Taylor decided to emigrate and arrived in the Port Phillip District on 7 August 1840.

Taylor was elected to the seat of Wimmera in on 16 August 1854, replacing William Splatt who resigned. Taylor was sworn-in in September remained a member until the original Council was abolished in March 1856.

Taylor was elected to the Southern Province of the new Legislative Council in April 1864, a seat he held until September 1866.

Taylor was president of the Keilor shire council 1874–1882 and 1884–1894. Taylor was a director of the Union Mortgage & Agency Co.; he also was a member of the Ormond College council, donating £200 and creating a scholarship for the College. Taylor died in Keilor, Victoria, Australia, on 21 June 1903; he was survived by his wife, six sons and four daughters.

References

1818 births
1903 deaths
Members of the Victorian Legislative Council
Scottish emigrants to Australia
Politicians from Glasgow
19th-century Australian politicians


title: Nitrobacter hamburgensis

text:
Nitrobacter hamburgensis is a gram-negative bacterium from the genus of Nitrobacter.

References

Further reading

External links
Type strain of Nitrobacter hamburgensis at BacDive -  the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase

Nitrobacteraceae
Bacteria described in 2001


title: Peter John Byrne

text:
Peter John Byrne (born July 24, 1951) is an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church who has been serving as an auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of New York since 2014.

Biography

Early life
Peter Byrne was born on July 24, 1951, in Manhattan, the son of John and Dorothy Byrne. He grew up in Stuyvesant Town in Manhattan and attended Immaculate Conception School Elementary School in Manhattan and Cardinal Hayes High School in the Bronx.  Bryne earned a bachelor's degree from Fordham University in New York City in history and social studies. In 1974, Byrne entered St. Joseph's Seminary in Yonkers, New York.  However, he soon left to teach at Catholic schools and confirm that he wanted to become a priest. In 1983, Byrne returned to the seminary and completed the program there.

Priesthood
Byrne was ordained a priest for the Archdiocese of New York by Cardinal John O'Connor on December 1, 1984. His pastoral assignments included parochial vicar at St. Teresa of Avila Parish in Sleepy Hollow, New York from 1984 to 1992, administrator of St. Thomas Aquinas Parish in the Bronx from 1992 to 1994 and administrator at St. John the Baptist de La Salle Parish in Staten Island, New York, in 1995.

Byrne then served as pastor at Immaculate Conception Parish on Staten Island from 1995 to 2013.  After the attacks on the World Trade Center on September 11, 2001, Byrne worked for several weeks with families that lost relatives there.  Byrne served at St. Elizabeth's Parish in Washington Heights, Manhattan from 2013 to 2014.

Auxiliary Bishop of New York
Byrne was named the titular bishop of Cluain Iraird and auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of New York by Pope Francis on June 14, 2014. He was consecrated a bishop by Cardinal Timothy Dolan in St. Patrick's Cathedral in Manhattan on August 4, 2014. New York auxiliary bishops Gerald Walsh and Dominick Lagonegro were the co-consecrators. Byrne chose as his episcopal motto "God is Faithful".

See also

 Catholic Church hierarchy
 Catholic Church in the United States
 Historical list of the Catholic bishops of the United States
 List of Catholic bishops of the United States
 Lists of patriarchs, archbishops, and bishops

References

External links

Episcopal succession

1951 births
Living people
Religious leaders from Manhattan
Fordham University alumni
Saint Joseph's Seminary (Dunwoodie) alumni
People of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York
21st-century American Roman Catholic titular bishops
Catholics from New York (state)
Bishops appointed by Pope Francis


title: Park Sung-jin

text:
Park Sung-jin (; born 28 January 1985) is a South Korean footballer who plays as forward for FC Anyang in K League 2.

Career
He signed with National League side Goyang KB in 2007. After his team was dissolved in 2013, Park joined FC Anyang. He was appointed as a captain of the team in 2014.

Park, who played for FC Anyang for six years on May 25, 2019, retired from Anyang Sports Stadiumthrough a retirement ceremony.

References

External links

1985 births
Living people
Men's association football forwards
South Korean men's footballers
Goyang KB Kookmin Bank FC players
FC Anyang players
Hwaseong FC players
Korea National League players
K League 2 players
K3 League players


title: Yana Orjo (Canchis)

text:
Yana Orjo (possibly from Quechua yana black, urqu mountain, "black mountain") is a mountain in the Vilcanota mountain range in the Andes of Peru, about  high. It is located in the Cusco Region, Canchis Province, Pitumarca District. Yana Orjo lies west of the lake Sibinacocha. It is situated south of the mountains Cóndor Tuco and Chuallani, northeast of Orco Puñuna and east of Othaña.

References

Mountains of Peru
Mountains of Cusco Region


title: Maqhamusela Khanyile

text:
Maqhamusela Khanyile (c 1850 - 1877) was the first South African Christian martyr.

Background

Khanyile lived in Zululand at the time of King Cetshwayo. Cetshwayo's predecessor  King Shaka devised the ibutho system as the centre pillar of the Zulu state. Young men were required to serve as soldiers until they were about 30 years old, after which they were allowed to marry. A conversation between King Cetshwayo and the Norwegian missionary, Rev JL Kyllingstad in 1876 was recorded as follows:

Zulu state power was based on this system of conscription. From puberty until late their 30s, men worked for the king.  People were allowed to live, study and work at mission stations, and to embark on the process to conversion to Christianity, but the final step of baptism was not accepted by the Zulu chiefs and kings.

Khanyile lived near the Norwegian Mission Society (NMS) station at Eshowe, the Zulu people named the mission uMondi after Ommund Oftebro, the superintendent of the NMS.  On the day before Khanyile's death, Oftebro informed him that he had an audience with King Cetshwayo in order to obtain the king's permission to baptise Khanyile. Cetshwayo  declined to give his permission before consulting with the local chief.

Khanyile knew that his life was in danger and he said to Oftebro:

Martyrdom

Khanyile was shot on a hillside outside Eshowe on 9 March 1877, becoming the first South African Christian martyr. Du Plessis reported in A History of Christian Missions in South Africa

This incident became another reason for the British invasion of the Zulu Kingdom in 1879.

Commemoration

The Anglican Church of Southern Africa commemorates Khanyile in its Calendar of saints on the 9th day of March each year.  In addition the collect for this commemoration is as follows:
God our strength and our redeemer
your servant Maqhamusela of Zululand
chose to suffer insults, persecution and death
rather than betray your Son:
grant that we your disciples may follow you with allour hearts
and that nothing may separate us from you;
through Jesus Christ our Lord, Amen

In 1926, a committee chaired by K. S. Zungu and Reverend L. O. Aadnesgaard started to collect funds to put up a memorial to Khanyile. The man in charge of the eShowe mission, Reverend S. Solberg, designed the monument to be erected on Mpondweni hill close to the place where the execution had taken place.

The Norwegian missionary, Rev'd P. A. Rodseth interviewed many people about the life and death of Khanyile and he reported his findings in The South African Church Weekly Newsletter of 3 March 1937.

In 1939, they erected a concrete cross on Mpondweni hill. () The inscription read:

In 1951, the Lutheran Bible School was named after Khanyile and on 3 March 1981 a new cross of steel replaced the concrete cross.

The Premier of KwaZulu-Natal and the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Southern Africa arranged a commemoration celebration on kwaMondi on 11 March 2007. The Premier of KwaZulu-Natal, Sbu Ndebele unveiled the new monument on 11 March 2007.

Notes

References

Sources

 Cubbin, Tony (1988). "Maqhamusela Khanyile: First Christian Martyr of the Norwegian Lutheran Mission Society", Zululand Historical Society,

External links
 Additional Collects for African Commemorations

19th-century Christian martyrs
19th-century Protestant martyrs
Year of birth uncertain
1877 deaths


title: Alfred Laberge

text:
Joseph Alfred (Fred) Laberge (February 16, 1893 - March 27, 1964) was a Canadian politician, who served as mayor of Sudbury, Ontario in 1920 and 1921.

Laberge was the son of Jean-Baptiste Laberge, who founded the Laberge Lumber Company and constructed many of the earliest buildings in Sudbury. He later took over management of the company from his father.

Elected mayor in 1920, Laberge was at 27 years old the youngest mayor ever elected in Sudbury at that point. He was also the first mayor to have been born in Sudbury, and the first francophone to hold the mayoralty since Francis Lemieux in 1903. His election marked at least a temporary end to linguistic tensions between the city's anglophone and francophone communities initiated by the Conscription Crisis of 1917, and ironically occurred just one year after the first municipal election in the city's history in which francophone candidates had failed to win a single seat on council.

Following his term as mayor, Laberge ran for the Conservative nomination in Nipissing in the 1925 federal election, but was subjected to a blackmail attempt by Elzéar Cousineau, who wrote him an anonymous letter demanding a $2,000 payout. Laberge turned the letter over to the police, and on their advice left a dummy package in Cousineau's requested location, and Cousineau was arrested when he arrived to retrieve the package.

Despite Cousineau's arrest, however, Laberge withdrew from the nomination race in favour of John Ferguson. Ferguson failed on election day to defeat incumbent MP Edmond Lapierre; Laberge was selected as the party's candidate in the subsequent 1926 election, but also lost to Lapierre.

After his retirement from the lumber business, Laberge moved to Montreal, Quebec, and died at his home in Westmount on March 27, 1964.

References

1893 births
1964 deaths
Franco-Ontarian people
Mayors of Sudbury, Ontario
Conservative Party of Canada (1867–1942) candidates for the Canadian House of Commons


title: Rajashree Warrier

text:
Rajashree Warrier is a Bharata Natyam dancer. She is also a writer in Malayalam and a vocalist.

Early life and education
Rajasree Warrier was born and brought up in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India. She learned Bharathanatyam under the tutelage of V Mythili and Jayanthi Subramaiam. She got trained in carnatic music under Mullamudu Harihara Iyer, Perumbavoor G. Raveendranath, Parassala Ponnammal and B. Sasikumar. Warrier also holds a post graduate diploma in journalism.

Career

Media
Warrier anchored the breakfast show Suprabhatham on Asianet for four years. She has also anchored, scripted and produced several programmes on DD Kerala, Amrita TV and Asianet.

Publications
Warrier has written two books, Narthaki published by DC Books in 2013 and Nruthakala published by Chintha Publications in 2011.

Awards and honours

 Dev dasi National Award for Bharatanatyam 2014 for outstanding creative contributions. Presented by Dev Dasi Nruthya Mandira, Bhuvaneswar.
 Kalasree Title and Kerala Sangeetha Nataka Akademi Award 2013 for Bharatanatyam.
 VS Sharma Endowment Award from Kerala Kalamandalam for the contributions in the field of Bharatanatyam, 2013.
 Invited as Jury of 'Books and Articles' in Kerala State Film Award 2014.
 Kalaratna Puraskar given by Vayalar Samskaarika Samithi
 Mahila Tilak Title and Award for the contributions in Indian Classical Dance conferred by Social welfare department, Government of Kerala,2012.
 Indian Council for Cultural Relations – Empanelled Bharatanatyam Artist.
 Sai Natya Ratna conferred by Satya Sai Seva Organisation, 2010.
 ‘Natana Shiromani’ Award conferred by Chilanka Dance Academy, 2009.
 Recipient of Navarasam Sangeeta Sabha Award for Bharatanatyam, 2007.

Sources

Rajashreewarrier.com
Narthaki.com
Deccanherald.com
Archives.deccanchronicle.com
Deccanchronicle.com
Thehindu.com
Newindianexpress.com
Timesofindia.indiatimes.com

References

1974 births
Living people
Performers of Indian classical dance
Performing arts in India
Indian dance teachers
Indian classical choreographers
Bharatanatyam exponents
Artists from Thiruvananthapuram
Dancers from Kerala
Indian female classical dancers
Mohiniyattam exponents
Women writers from Kerala
Malayalam-language writers
Writers from Thiruvananthapuram
Indian art writers
Indian women choreographers
Indian choreographers
Women educators from Kerala
Educators from Kerala
20th-century Indian dancers
21st-century Indian dancers
Women artists from Kerala
20th-century Indian women artists
21st-century Indian women artists
Recipients of the Kerala Sangeetha Nataka Akademi Award


title: Golden Lily

text:
Golden Lily or The Golden Lily may refer to:

Plants
Sandersonia, also known as golden lily of the valley
Lilium bosniacum, also known as Zlatni Ljiljan (Bosnian, 'golden lily'), native to Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bulbine bulbosa, or golden lily, endemic to Australia

Arts and entertainment
The Golden Lily, an 1899 book by Katharine Tynan
The Golden Lily (Mead novel), a 2012 novel in the Bloodlines series by Richelle Mead
Golden Lily, subtitle of Philippine TV series Wildflower (season 3)

Other uses
 Golden Lily, Illinois, a place in the U.S.
 Golden Lily (Bosnia and Herzegovina), a national symbol of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Kin no yuri (Japanese, 'The Golden Lily'), a secret Japanese WWII organization to loot gold
The ŠKODA Award "The Golden Lily" for Best Film, awarded at the GoEast film festival 2001–2012
Order of the Golden Lily, an order of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Lis de Ouro (Golden Lily), an award in Scouting in Brazil
Golden Lilies (Chinese: 金蓮), euphemism for bound feet in imperial China

See also
Fleur-de-lis, a stylized lily used as a decorative design or motif


title: Angustalius casandra

text:
Angustalius casandra is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Graziano Bassi in 2014. It is found in Mozambique.

References

Endemic fauna of Mozambique
Crambinae
Moths described in 2014
Moths of Sub-Saharan Africa
Lepidoptera of Mozambique


title: Christos Gikas

text:
Christos Gikas (; born August 12, 1976, in Gjirokastër, Albania) is a retired amateur Greek Greco-Roman wrestler, who competed in the men's lightweight category. He won a silver medal in the 63-kg division at the 2001 Mediterranean Games in Tunis, Tunisia, and had been selected to the nation's Olympic wrestling team when Greece hosted the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens. Gikas also trained as a member of the wrestling squad for Olympiacos in Athens, under his personal coach Aristidis Rubenyan. As a player of Olympiacos, he won the European CELA Cup in 2006.

Gikas qualified for his naturalized Greek squad in the men's 60 kg class at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens. He filled up an entry by the International Federation of Association Wrestling and the Hellenic Olympic Committee, as Greece received an automatic berth for being the host nation. In front of the home crowd inside Ano Liossia Olympic Hall, Gikas lost three straight matches each to Turkey's Şeref Tüfenk (0–5), eventual Olympic silver medalist Roberto Monzón of Cuba (0–7), and two-time Olympian Ali Ashkani of Iran (1–6), leaving him on the bottom of the prelim pool and placing twentieth in the final standings.

References

External links

1976 births
Living people
Olympic wrestlers for Greece
Wrestlers at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Olympiacos wrestlers
Sportspeople from Gjirokastër
Sportspeople from Athens
Greek male sport wrestlers
Mediterranean Games silver medalists for Greece
Competitors at the 2001 Mediterranean Games
Mediterranean Games medalists in wrestling
21st-century Greek people


title: Spoil Engine

text:
Spoil Engine is a four-piece metal band from Belgium, formed in 2004. The band plays a mix of melodic thrash metal and groove metal, influenced by bands such as Pantera, In Flames, Lamb of God and Soilwork. They have released one demo and three full albums and were the first Belgian band to sign with Roadrunner Records.

Spoil Engine directly supported bands such as Megadeth, Motörhead, Killswitch Engage, Arch Enemy and Prong. Major festival appearances include Graspop Metal Meeting (4x), Pukkelpop (2x),
Masters at Rock (2x) and Suikerrock (2x). 2 singles have appeared in the national charts; videoclips and songs have national airplay.

In 2017 and 2018, the band gained international visibility through tours in Europe and Asia, with tour supports for Prong and Papa Roach. Major appearances included MIDI festival in China and Wacken Open Air. They also performed on the 2020 70000 Tons of Metal festival during that year's cruise to Cozumel.

Members
 Steven 'gaze' Sanders – lead guitar (2004–present)
 Matthijs Quaars – drums (2011–present)
 Dave De Loco – bass (2017–present)

Discography

Albums
 Skinnerbox v.07 (2007, Apache Records)
 Antimatter (2009, Roadrunner Records)
 The Art of Imperfection (2012, Universal)
 Stormsleeper (2017, Arising Empire/Nuclear Blast)
 Renaissance Noire (2019, Arising Empire/Nuclear Blast)

EPs
 Stormsleeper (2015, Daily Sin Entertainment)

Demos
 The Fragile Light Before Ignition (2006, self-released)

See also
 List of Roadrunner Records artists

External links

Spoil Engine official website
Spoil Engine at Encyclopaedia Metallum
Spoil Engine at Last.fm

References

2004 establishments in Belgium
Belgian heavy metal musical groups
Belgian musical quintets
Musical groups established in 2004
Melodic death metal musical groups
Arising Empire artists


title: Aleksey Khovansky (fencer)

text:
Aleksey Igorevich Khovanskiy (; born 6 June 1987) is a Russian former foil fencer, who earned a team bronze medal in the 2009 World Fencing Championships and four team silver medals in the European Fencing Championships (2007-10).

His best results in the Fencing World Cup were a third place in the 2010 Challenge International de Paris, in the 2012 Saint-Petersburg  Grand Prix, and in the 2013 Copa Villa.

External links

  (archive)

   (in English)

1987 births
Living people
Russian male foil fencers
Fencers at the 2012 Summer Olympics
Olympic fencers for Russia
People from Odintsovo
Fencers at the 2015 European Games
European Games medalists in fencing
Universiade medalists in fencing
Universiade bronze medalists for Russia
European Games bronze medalists for Russia
Medalists at the 2011 Summer Universiade
Medalists at the 2013 Summer Universiade
Sportspeople from Moscow Oblast
21st-century Russian people


title: Pedro Monteiro (footballer)

text:
Pedro Filipe Tinoco Monteiro (born 30 January 1994) is a Portuguese professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Erovnuli Liga club Torpedo Kutaisi.

Club career

Freamunde
Born in Paços de Ferreira, Monteiro finished his youth career with local club Freamunde. His first season as a senior was 2013–14, when he helped to promotion to the Segunda Liga as champions. He made his debut in the competition on 9 August 2014 in a 1–0 home win against Atlético Clube de Portugal, and scored his first goal the following 11 January to open the 3–0 victory over Trofense also at the Campo do SC Freamunde.

Braga
Monteiro was recalled by Braga in January 2015, from Freamunde where he was serving a loan. Being initially assigned to the reserve team, he played mostly with them also in the second division; his first match occurred on 8 February, in a 2–3 home loss to Chaves where he featured the full 90 minutes.

Monteiro made three competitive appearances at the Estádio Municipal de Braga; his Primeira Liga bow took place on 30 January 2015, in the 1–0 home defeat of Moreirense. Whilst under contract, he also served loans at Apollon Limassol (where he won the Cypriot Cup under his compatriot Pedro Emanuel) and Paços de Ferreira.

Estoril
On 10 July 2017, Monteiro joined Estoril Praia on a three-year deal. He scored his only goal in the top flight on 14 August, in a 3–0 home win over Vitória Guimarães; the campaign ended in relegation.

Later career
Monteiro subsequently competed in the Portuguese second tier, with Leixões, Feirense and Académico Viseu.

Honours
Freamunde
Campeonato Nacional de Seniores: 2013–14

Apollon Limassol
Cypriot Cup: 2015–16

Torpedo Kutaisi
Georgian Cup: 2022

References

External links

Portuguese League profile

1994 births
Living people
People from Paços de Ferreira
Footballers from Porto District
Portuguese men's footballers
Men's association football defenders
Primeira Liga players
Liga Portugal 2 players
Segunda Divisão players
S.C. Freamunde players
S.C. Braga B players
S.C. Braga players
F.C. Paços de Ferreira players
G.D. Estoril Praia players
Leixões S.C. players
C.D. Feirense players
Académico de Viseu F.C. players
Cypriot First Division players
Apollon Limassol FC players
Erovnuli Liga players
FC Torpedo Kutaisi players
Portuguese expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in Cyprus
Expatriate men's footballers in Georgia (country)
Portuguese expatriate sportspeople in Cyprus


title: Rhapsody in the Rain

text:
"Rhapsody in the Rain" is a song written by Twyla Herbert and Lou Christie and performed by Christie with backing vocals by The Delicates.  It reached No. 10 on Canada's RPM 100, No. 16 on the Billboard Hot 100, No. 37 on the UK's Record Retailer chart, and No. 40 in Australia in 1966. It was featured on his 1966 album, Painter of Hits.

The song was produced and arranged by Charlie Calello.

Many radio stations banned the song due to the controversial lyrics.  MGM had Christie re-record the song's opening lyrics to release a "clean" version.

In popular culture
Both the official Super Bowl XLI highlight film and an NFL's Greatest Games episode about that game took their title from this song.

References

1966 songs
1966 singles
Songs written by Twyla Herbert
Songs written by Lou Christie
Lou Christie songs
MGM Records singles


title: Cruise Control (play)

text:
Cruise Control is a 2014 play by David Williamson.

Plot
Three couples - one Australian, one English, one American - encounter each other on a cruise.

Background
Williamson said he was inspired by a cruise he took with his wife Kristin. When they arrived on board, they discovered that the dining seat allocations were fixed for the cruise. “You either dine with those people for seven nights in a row or you starve,” Williamson says. “You’re thrust into a situation where you have to coexist with people you don’t know, and I thought it was a great dramatic situation, if people find out that they absolutely loathe each other and things go from bad to worse.”

In 2005 Williamson had written an article about a cruise trip he took which had attracted criticism.

References

External links
Review of 2014 Sydney production at Sydney Morning Herald
Review of 2014 Sydney production at Stage Noise
Review of 2014 Sydney production at Aussie Theatre
Review of 2014 Sydney production at Daily Review

Plays by David Williamson
2014 plays