title: Excello Shale

text:
The Excello Shale is a geologic formation in Indiana. It preserves fossils dating back to the Carboniferous period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Indiana

References

Carboniferous Indiana
Carboniferous southern paleotropical deposits


title: Spoon Formation

text:
The Spoon Formation is a geologic formation in Indiana. It preserves fossils dating back to the Carboniferous period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Indiana

References

Carboniferous Indiana
Carboniferous Illinois
Carboniferous southern paleotropical deposits


title: Linton Formation

text:
The Linton Formation is a geologic formation in Indiana. It is the lower formation in the Carbondale Group, and includes six named members, "which, in ascending order, are the Seelyville Coal, Coxville Sandstone, Colchester Coal, Mecca Quarry Shale, Velpen Limestone, and Survant Coal Members, and unnamed units of sandstone, shale, and clay".

It preserves fossils dating back to the Carboniferous period.

The Linton Formation was first named on a United States Geological Survey coal investigations map in 1950. The type locality is along the tributaries of Lattas Creek, approximately 4 miles north of Linton, Greene County, Indiana.

See also
 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Indiana

References

Carboniferous Indiana
Carboniferous Illinois
Carboniferous southern paleotropical deposits


title: Locust Point Formation

text:
The Locust Point Formation is a geologic formation in Indiana. It preserves fossils dating back to the Carboniferous period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Indiana

References

Carboniferous Indiana
Carboniferous southern paleotropical deposits


title: Mansfield Formation

text:
The Mansfield Formation is a geologic formation in Indiana. It preserves fossils dating back to the Carboniferous period.

See also
 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Indiana

References

Carboniferous Indiana
Carboniferous southern paleotropical deposits


title: Shelburn Formation

text:
The Shelburn Formation is a geologic formation in Indiana. It preserves fossils dating back to the Carboniferous period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Indiana

References

Carboniferous Indiana
Carboniferous Illinois
Carboniferous southern paleotropical deposits


title: Encyclopedia of Art

text:
The Encyclopedia of Art () is a book written by Ruyin Pakbaz and published in Iran by Publications in Contemporary Culture.

The primary subjects of the book are painting, sculpting, and graphic design, while pottery, calligraphy, music, and architecture are also discussed. The encyclopedia has 2855 entries with 844 black-and-white and 160 colour images. It is divided into one main section and three appendices, each of which is organized in alphabetical order.

The main section concerns various artists, styles and schools, materials and tools, technical terminology, and aesthetics. The first appendix analyzes historical developments in art and the second considers common themes such as religious or literary figures, gods, and events. The third appendix presents Persian equivalents and similar expressions to over 1580 loanwords. Much of the book is dedicated to Iranian art, in particular contemporary art.

See also
 List of art reference books

References and footnotes

Encyclopedias of art
Persian encyclopedias
Persian literature
1998 non-fiction books
20th-century encyclopedias


title: Blackiston Formation

text:
The Blackiston Formation is a geologic formation in Indiana. It preserves fossils dating back to the Devonian period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Indiana

References

Devonian Indiana
Devonian southern paleotemperate deposits


title: Silver Creek Formation

text:
The Silver Creek Formation is a geologic formation in Indiana. It preserves fossils dating back to the Devonian period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Indiana

References

Devonian Indiana
Devonian southern paleotemperate deposits


title: Speeds Formation

text:
The Speeds Formation is a geologic formation in Indiana. It preserves fossils dating back to the Devonian period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Indiana

References

Devonian Indiana
Devonian southern paleotemperate deposits


title: Tanners Creek Formation

text:
The Tanners Creek Formation is a geologic formation in Indiana. It preserves fossils dating back to the Ordovician period.

The formation takes its name from Tanners Creek, a tributary of the Ohio River.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Indiana

References

Ordovician Indiana
Ordovician southern paleotemperate deposits


title: Osgood Formation

text:
The Osgood Formation, also known as the Osgood Shale is a geologic formation in Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio. It preserves fossils dating back to the Silurian period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Indiana
 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Kentucky
 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Ohio

References

 Generalized Stratigraphic Chart for Ohio

Silurian Indiana
Silurian Kentucky
Silurian Ohio
Silurian southern paleotemperate deposits
Sheinwoodian


title: Salamonie Dolomite

text:
The Salamonie Dolomite is a geologic formation in Indiana. It preserves fossils dating back to the Silurian period.

See also
 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Indiana

References

Silurian Indiana


title: Wabash Formation

text:
The Wabash Formation is a geologic formation in Indiana. It preserves fossils dating back to the Silurian period.

See also
 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Indiana

References

Silurian Indiana
Silurian southern paleotemperate deposits


title: Waldron Shale

text:
The Waldron Shale is a geologic formation in Indiana. It preserves fossils dating back to the Silurian period. These fossils comprise at least three different benthic communities primarily living in the inter-reef, deep waters that were stable for much of the Wenlockian epoch. Many of these fossils are found most frequently around microbioherms constructed by small encrusting organisms which protected other species from the effects of storms.

This formation was named by Moses N. Elrod, M.D. in 1883. He wrote about in a report about the geology of Decatur County, Indiana. "The Upper Niagara shale bed, is the calcareous clay, shale and thin strata of limestone overlying the quarry stone, and closing the Niagara period and group. The greater per cent of the mass is carbonate of lime. In Shelby county, they are known as the Waldron beds. In my report on Bartholomew county, I generally called this formation Calcareous shale, which is appropriate so far as chemical composition is concerned, but the presence of another calcareous shale at the base of the Niagara group in this county, not seen in Shelby and Bartholomew, necessitates the use of a more specific term. Following the rule of priority, Waldron being the place where the Upper Niagan bed fossils were first found and studied, I shall refer to it by the name of Waldron shale. In general it is made up of thin laminae of shale, frequently erroneously called slate, with bands of limestone near bottom; and where constantly wet, the shale is replaced by clay. Where exposed to atmospheric influences it weathers to a buff or ochrey-colored friable clay, scarcely distinguishable from the surrounding yellow clay; where protected, the color is uniformly a drab or blue, with occasional streaks of green. The Waldron shale is not uniformly found at all the places where both the Niagara and Corniferous groups outcrop. It was seen only on Clifty creek and Flat Rock, in the west and northwest parts of the county. In thickness, it ranges from ten inches to six feet. At certain places the upper shale is highly fossiliferous, as at St. Paul, and at Hartsville, less than one mile west of the Decatur county line; at some points no fossils could be found, and very few at others."

See also
 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Indiana

References

Silurian Indiana
Silurian Alabama
Homerian


title: Kokomo Formation

text:
The Kokomo Formation is a geologic formation in Indiana. It preserves fossils dating back to the Silurian period, most notably sea scorpions.

List of Known Taxa

Eurypterids
 Carcinosoma newlini
 Kokomopterus longicaudatus
 Erieopterus limuloides
 Erieopterus ranilarva
 Onychopterella kokomensis
 Leperditia ohioensis

Brachiopods
 Lingula sp.
 Pentamerus divergens
 Schuchertella interstriata

Cnidarians

 Halysites

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Indiana

References

Sources

Silurian Indiana
Silurian southern paleotemperate deposits


title: Laurel Formation (Silurian)

text:
The Laurel Formation, also known as the Laurel Limestone or the Laurel Dolomite, is a geologic formation in Indiana and Kentucky. It preserves fossils dating back to the Silurian period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Indiana

References

Geologic formations of Indiana
Silurian southern paleotemperate deposits
Sheinwoodian
Homerian


title: Louisville Formation

text:
The Louisville Formation is a geologic formation in Indiana. It preserves fossils dating back to the Silurian period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Indiana

References

Silurian Indiana
Silurian southern paleotemperate deposits


title: 1901 in Portugal

text:
Events in the year 1901 in Portugal. There were 598,000 voters in the country.

Incumbents
Monarch: Carlos I
President of the Council of Ministers: Ernesto Hintze Ribeiro

Events
 Establishment of the Liberal Regenerator Party
 6 October - Legislative election

References

Portugal
Years of the 20th century in Portugal
Portugal


title: Junior Reserve Officers' Training Corps

text:
The Junior Reserve Officer Training Corps (JROTC, commonly pronounced ) is a federal program sponsored by the United States Armed Forces in high schools and also in some middle schools across the United States and at US military bases across the world. The program was originally created as part of the National Defense Act of 1916 and later expanded under the 1964 ROTC Vitalization Act.

Role and purpose

According to Title 10, Section 2031 of the United States Code, the purpose of the Junior Reserve Officers' Training Corps is "to instill in students in [the United States] secondary educational institutions the values of citizenship, service to the United States, and personal responsibility and a sense of accomplishment." Additional objectives are established by the service departments of the Department of Defense. Under 542.4 of Title 32 (National Defense) of the Code of Federal Regulations, the Department of the Army has declared those objectives for each cadet to be:

Developing citizenship and patriotism
Developing self-reliance and responsiveness to all authority
Improving the ability to communicate well both orally and in writing
Developing an appreciation of the importance of physical fitness
Increasing a respect for the role of the U.S. Armed Forces in support of national objectives
Developing a knowledge of team building skills and basic military skills
Taking 1–3 years of the course grants cadets the ability to rank higher if they pursue a military career.

Section 524.5 of the CFR National Defense title states in part that JROTC should "provide meaningful leadership instruction of benefit to the student and of value to the Armed Forces. ...Students will acquire: (1) An understanding of the fundamental concept of leadership, military art and science, (2) An introduction to related professional knowledge, and (3) An appreciation of requirements for national security. The dual roles of citizen/soldier and soldier/citizen are studied. ... These programs will enable cadets to better serve their country as leaders, as citizens, and in military service should they enter it. ... The JROTC and NDCC are not, of themselves, officer-producing programs but should create favorable attitudes and impressions toward the Services and toward careers in the Armed Forces."

The military has stated that JROTC will inform young Americans about the opportunities available in the military and "may help motivate young Americans toward military service." A 1999 Army policy memorandum stated that "While not designed to be a specific recruiting tool, there is nothing in existing law that precludes ... facilitating the recruitment of young men and women into the U.S. Army," directing instructors to "actively assist cadets who want to enlist in the military [and] emphasize service in the U.S. Army; facilitate recruiter access to cadets in JROTC program and to the entire student body ... [and] work closely with high school guidance counselors to sell the Army story."

In a February 2000 testimony before the House Armed Services Committee, the armed service chiefs of staff testified that 30%–50% of graduating JROTC cadets go on to join the military:
General James L. Jones, then Commandant of the Marine Corps, testified that the value of the Marine JROTC program "is beyond contest. Fully one-third of our young men and women who join a Junior ROTC program wind up wearing the uniform of a Marine."
General Eric K. Shinseki, then Chief of Staff of the United States Army, testified that "Our indications are about 30 percent of those youngsters—we don't recruit them, as you know. We are not permitted to do that. But by virtue of the things that they like about that experience, about 30 percent of them end up joining the Army, either enlisting or going on to ROTC and then joining the officer population."
General Michael E. Ryan, then Chief of Staff of the United States Air Force, testified that "almost 50 percent of the folks that go [...] out of the Air Force Junior ROTC go into one of the Services by enlisting or going to ROTC or going to one of the academies."
Admiral Jay L. Johnson, then Chief of Naval Operations, testified that "Even if the number is only 30 percent, that is a good number. But think about what we get out of the other 70 percent. They have exposure to us. They have exposure to the military. And the challenge of the education mandate that we all share in principals and school counselors and school districts that won't let us in, that is a powerful tool I think to educate whether or not they end up in the service. So it is a long way around saying it is well worth the investment for lots of different reasons."
General Colin Powell said in his 1995 autobiography that "the armed forces might get a youngster more inclined to enlist as a result of Junior ROTC," but added that "Inner-city kids, many from broken homes, found stability and role models in Junior ROTC." U.S. Congress found in the Recruiting, Retention, and Reservist Promotion Act of 2000 that JROTC and similar programs "provide significant benefits for the Armed Forces, including significant public relations benefits." Former United States Secretary of Defense William Cohen referred to JROTC as "one of the best recruitment programs we could have."

Organization

Six of the eight branches of the Uniformed services of the United States maintain a Junior Reserve Officers' Training Corps, organized into units. There are a total of 3,275 units:
1,600 Army AJROTC units
794 Air Force AFJROTC units
619 Navy NJROTC units
260 Marine Corps MCJROTC units
10 Space Force SFJROTC units
6 Coast Guard CGJROTC units (4 more planned to commence in 2023)

Prior to 1967 the number of units was limited to 1,200. The cap was increased to 1,600 units in 1967 and again to 3,500 units in 1992; the statutory limitation on the number of units was struck from the law in 2001. Their goal was to reach 3,500 units by February 2011 by encouraging program expansion into educationally and economically deprived areas.

Units are set up according to the layout of their parent service, often referred to as the "Chain of Command." Army JROTC units follow a company (usually the period the class is held in), battalion (all periods), and at larger events brigade (multiple battalions) structure. Marine Corps JROTC units follow the battalion, or in cases of larger size, brigade structure. Air Force JROTC units are composed structurally based on size. Individual if one, detail if 2, element if more than 2 and no more than 8, flight if 26, squadron if more than 51, group if more than 101, and wing if more than 251 cadets. Navy JROTC typically follows the company (100-149 cadets), battalion (150-299 cadets), or regiment (300+ cadets) structure depending on the size of the unit.

JROTC funding

JROTC is partly funded by the United States Department of Defense with an allocation in the military budget of about $340 million dollars for the fiscal year 2007, of which about 68 million are personnel costs. The federal government subsidizes instructor salaries, cadet uniforms, equipment and textbooks. The instructors, usually retired military personnel, continue to receive retirement pay from the Federal government, but in addition, the schools pay the difference from what the instructors would receive if they were on active duty. The service concerned then reimburses the school for approximately one-half of the amount paid by the school to the instructor.

Note: Space Force JROTC funding is included in Air Force JROTC.

Military staff and instructors
Although active duty officers may be assigned to JROTC, this is exceedingly rare, and is primarily limited to staff at the major command or sub-command headquarters overseeing each service's respective JROTC program or regional administrators overseeing a set number of individual units. Unlike the college/university ROTC program, which is an actual military officer training and accession track, the vast majority of NJROTC instructors are retired from the sponsoring branch of the Armed Forces. In the Army JROTC program, the cadet unit at each school is directed by at least one retired commissioned officer in the grade of Captain through Colonel) or a Warrant Officer (WO1 through CW5) who is designated as the Senior Army Instructor, and who is assisted by at least one retired Non-Commissioned Officer in the grade of Staff Sergeant through Command Sergeant Major who is designated as an Army Instructor (AI). In certain situations, there may be additional instructors.

A new provision from the John Warner National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2007 (Section 540) that was signed into law in October 2006 permits retired Reserve Component officers and noncommissioned officers to be hired as instructors.

There are no national requirements that JROTC instructors have the teaching credential required by other teachers in public high school, although there are a handful of counties that do require a teaching credential. In at least one jurisdiction (California), the government requires JROTC instructors to have at least four years of military experience and possess a high school diploma or equivalent. AJROTC instructors need to be within one year of retirement or retired from active military service for five or fewer years. MCJROTC instructors need to have graduated from high school, have at least 20 years of active military service and be physically qualified according to Marine Corps standards.

AFJROTC previously required a minimum of 20 years of active duty but has since been overridden by a provision in the John Warner National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2007 (Section 540), signed into law in October 2006, permitting retired Reserve Component (e.g., Air Force Reserve and Air National Guard officers and noncommissioned officers to be hired as instructors. Officer instructors need to have a minimum of a bachelor's degree, while a high school diploma or equivalent is sufficient for enlisted instructors.

For AJROTC the Non-commissioned Officer has to attain an associate degree (AA), with teaching credential, in order to be assigned an AI. To be assigned as a SAI the AJROTC Instructor has to hold a BA degree, with teaching credentials.

NJROTC also required a minimum of 20 years of active duty until it was overridden by a provision in the John Warner National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2007 (Section 540), signed into law in October 2006, permitting retired Reserve Component personnel (e.g., U.S. Navy Reserve officers, chief petty officers and petty officers) to be hired as NJROTC instructors. The minimum education requirement for an enlisted Naval Science Instructor (NSI) is a high school diploma or equivalent, with a baccalaureate degree from an accredited college or university required for a commissioned officer to serves as a Senior Naval Science Instructor (SNSI). The Navy requires that JROTC instructors be employees of the school or school district and that they are accorded the same status as other school faculty members.

National Defense Cadet Corps (NDCC) offers similar programs as JROTC. NDCC units differ from JROTC in that they receive little or no financial support from the Armed Forces; uniforms, equipment, other materials and instructor salaries must normally be furnished by the school hosting an NDCC program. Except for the funding aspects, JROTC and NDCC programs are virtually identical, although the cadet corps is not limited by the federal statute that restricts JROTC to offering courses only for students in ninth through 12th grades. Per 2005, Chicago had 26 Middle School Cadet Corps enlisting more than 850 students.

Instruction and activities

The Code of Federal Regulations states that JROTC is "designed for physically fit citizens attending participating schools." In public schools, JROTC is usually an elective course with membership limited to US citizens and legal foreign nationals, those who will graduate with their 9th-grade cohort, and have not experienced an out of school suspension during the preceding six-month period. Often, students who participate for one year receive credit in lieu of a physical education class. Students who excel in the first year of JROTC can apply for a second year. Most schools offer three to four years of JROTC training.

Boarding schools or (pre-college) military schools may offer JROTC programs, with some requiring participation as a condition for acceptance to the school. Some public military schools mandate JROTC as a class for all grade levels, and have a curriculum that includes military history, military protocol, civics, and physical fitness. Chicago has six public military academies, more than any other city and one-third of all in the country.

The JROTC program stresses military discipline, with a curriculum that emphasizes study of military science and military history. Cadets typically wear their uniforms once or twice a week, usually standing for inspection, with the exception being those cadets who attend a JROTC-based military academy. Their creed encourages conduct that brings credit to family, country, school and the corps of cadets, loyalty, citizenship and patriotism. Many cadets participate in extracurricular activities such as the following:

Drill (unarmed, armed and regulation drill)
Color Guard
PT team
Rocketry (usually available in AFJROTC)
Orienteering
Rifle or pistol marksmanship programs (offered by at least two-thirds of JROTC units)
Academic Team
Drum corps
Marching Band (although very rare)

The most notable JROTC marching band is the Virginia 91st Air Force Junior ROTC Band of the Randolph-Macon Academy. Being a rare part of a JROTC unit, there are few in existence, with the state of Texas only boasting two units with marching bands.

There are other extracurricular activities that the JROTC's programs provide for their cadets, including trips to military installations, ROTC college programs, and other sites that give the cadets a look at the military community. During the school year, there are regional competitions between JROTC units, with testing in all areas of military, naval and aerospace science. Some units organize special visits to US military bases during school breaks. There are also many summertime "leadership academies" for cadets hosted by various military installations. These academies include the JROTC Leadership and Academic Bowl (JLAB), and JROTC Cadet Leadership Challenge (JCLC), a physical fitness competition.

Cadets may be awarded ribbons, ribbon devices, medals and aiguillettes for participation in JROTC and team activities, as well as for personal academic and athletic achievement and leadership. Awards may be presented by organizations other than the cadet's JROTC program, such as other JROTC programs, Military Officers Association of America, American Veterans, Order of the Daedalians, American Legion, and the National Rifle Association of America. Ribbons and medals are positioned in order of precedence, as prescribed by the Cadet Field Manual and the senior JROTC instructor.

Some units also host an annual formal military ball (mess dress) and formal dinner. Usually, awards are presented. Female cadets are generally excused from wearing the dress uniform for military ball. Sometimes units also have a separate awards ceremony, which is attended by the instructors, guests, and parents. Fraternal organizations, such as the American Legion, often give out awards for military excellence, academics, and citizenship, in addition to the standard awards given by the JROTC program. The year may be finished with a change of command ceremony, where the new unit commander, executive officer, and other unit officers are named and take command from the current officers. Mid-level officers are also named. Some units choose the next year's NCO and junior officer corps based on officer and NCO candidate schools, usually held immediately following the end of the school year.

Successful completion of a JROTC Program (1–3 years of classes) can lead to advanced rank upon enlistment in the Armed Forces. For example, upon completion of three years of Air Force JROTC, cadets may at their instructor's discretion enlist in the Air Force at the rank of Airman First Class (E-3). However, JROTC participation incurs no obligation to join the military.

A JROTC unit (through the Senior Instructor) may recommend current JROTC cadets for nomination to the Service Academy of the unit's branch. JROTC units designated as Honor Units may nominate up to three cadets to the Service Academy of any branch, in addition to the nominations to the unit's own branch academy.

Competitions

Leadership and Academic Bowl
The JROTC Leadership and Academic Bowl (JLAB) is a national academic competition which is the largest of its kind for high schools in the country. There are three levels of the competition, which units who complete levels 1 and 2 successfully attending the last level at Catholic University of America in Washington D.C. Subjects that are covered in all three levels include history, literature, current events and JROTC curriculum. Depending on the represented branch, there may be 4-8 cadets representing a school. Aside from Cadet Command, the competition is also sponsored by the College Options Foundation.

National High School Drill Team Championship
Established in 1982, the National High School Drill Team Championship is a joint-service exhibition drill competition for JROTC drill teams, held in Daytona Beach, Florida. Although it has been held since 1982, it only became an officially service-based sanctioned event when the U.S. Army Cadet Command became the sponsor in 1988.

Cadet Creeds
In every branch of the Junior Reserve Officers' Training Corps, there is a branch creed that every cadet in their designated branches must remember.

Army Junior Reserves Officers' Training Corps Cadet Creed
I am an Army Junior ROTC Cadet.

I will always conduct myself to bring credit to my family, country, school, and the Corps of Cadets.

I am loyal and patriotic.

I am the future of the United States of America.

I do not lie, cheat, or steal, and will always be accountable for my actions, and deeds.

I will always practice good citizenship and patriotism.

I will work hard to improve my mind and strengthen my body.

I will seek the mantle of leadership and stand prepared to uphold the Constitution and the American way of life.

May God grant me the strength to always live by this creed!

Hooah!

Marine Corps Junior Reserves Officers' Training Corps Cadet Creed
I am a Marine Cadet.

I will be true to myself and to others.

I will not lie, cheat, or steal.

I will serve my school, community, and nation.

I will wear my uniform with pride.

I will do my personal best at all times.

I will honor those who have gone before me: the Few, the Proud, the Finest.

Oorah!

Navy Junior Reserves Officers' Training Corps Cadet Creed
I am a Navy Junior ROTC cadet.

I strive to promote patriotism and become an informed and responsible citizen.

I respect those in positions of authority.

I support those who have defended freedom and democracy around the world.

I proudly embrace the Navy's core values of Honor, Courage and Commitment.

I am committed to excellence and the fair treatment of all!

Air Force Junior Reserves Officers' Training Corps Cadet Creed
I am an Air Force Junior ROTC Cadet.

I am connected and faithful to every Corps of Cadets who served their community and nation with patriotism.

I earn respect when I uphold the Core Values of Integrity First, Service Before Self, and Excellence In All We Do.

I will always conduct myself to bring credit to my family, school, Corps of Cadets, community, and to myself.

My character defines me. I will not lie, cheat, or steal. I am accountable for my actions and deeds.

I will hold others accountable for their actions as well. I will honor those I serve with, those who have gone before me, and those who will come after me.

I am a Patriot, a Leader, and a Wingman devoted to those I follow, serve, and lead.

I am an Air Force Junior ROTC Cadet!

Coast Guard Junior Reserves Officers' Training Corps Cadet Creed
I am proud to be a United States Coast Guard JROTC Cadet.

I revere that long line of Splendid Coasties who, by their devotion to duty and sacrifice, have made it possible for me to be associated with a service honored and respected throughout the world.

I never, by word or deed, will bring disgrace upon the name of the U.S Coast Guard.

I will cheerfully fulfill my commitments and obligations and shall endeavor to do more, rather than less, than my share.

I will always act with integrity and be respectful.

I shall endeavor to be a model citizen in the community in which I live in.

I shall endeavor to be a noble work, living by the Coast Guard's core values: Honor, Respect, and Devotion to Duty!

Awards and decorations

Army Junior Reserve Officers Training Corps

Navy Junior Reserve Officers Training Corps

Air Force Junior Reserve Officers Training Corps

Career military who were members of JROTC

Many members of JROTC go on to have careers in the United States Armed Forces as they are twice as likely to enlist than other high school students. Some notable former members of JROTC include:
William J. Bordelon, Central Catholic Marianist High School 1938, staff sergeant, U.S. Marine Corps, awarded the Medal of Honor
Harry B. Harris Jr., admiral, U.S. Navy; first Asian-American to achieve the rank of admiral in the Navy; served as commander of U.S. Pacific Command
Baldomero Lopez, first lieutenant, U.S. Marine Corps, awarded the Medal of Honor
James Cartwright, general, U.S. Marine Corps, Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff
Shoshana Johnson, specialist, U.S. Army, first female African-American prisoner of war in the history of the United States military (medically retired)
Emily Perez, Oxon Hill High School 2001, second lieutenant, U.S. Army; first Class of 9/11 West Point graduate to die in the Iraq War
Alan G. Rogers, major, U.S. Army
Allen B. West, lieutenant colonel, U.S. Army and United States Representative from Florida, Henry Grady High School JROTC
Thomas E. White, brigadier general, U.S. Army, Secretary of the Army, 2001–2003
Charles D. "Ranger Dave" Sellers, major, U.S. Air Force & U.S. Army, Booker High School JROTC, 1986-1990

Controversy
There has been controversy about JROTC and militarism in schools. The American Friends Service Committee, the Central Committee for Conscientious Objectors (CCCO), Veterans for Peace, War Resisters League, and the Project on Youth and Nonmilitary Opportunities, actively oppose the JROTC for a number of reasons, including:
 High cost—A 1999 report by the American Friends Service Committee found that local school districts ended up paying substantially more than the cost estimate the military provided, and that a JROTC program cost more on a per-pupil basis than academic, non-military instruction.
 Lack of local control—The CCCO is concerned that the federal military dictates the JROTC curriculum and selects the instructors, resulting in local school districts losing control of curriculum and staff.
 Low-quality curriculum—The CCCO considers the JROTC textbooks to contain substandard learning material with factual distortions and outdated methods of teaching, basing their conclusions on a 1995 academic study of the Army JROTC curriculum commissioned by the American Friends Service Committee, which argues that the curriculum narrows the viewpoint of the students, encourages blind following rather than critical thinking, and indoctrinates students in militaristic authoritarian loyalty and passivity. Veterans for Peace resolved that JROTC teaching that the government gives the citizens its rights "is a complete perversion of the Constitution and the Declaration of Independence."

The Coalition For Alternatives to Militarism in Our Schools, formed by more than 50 teachers in the Los Angeles Unified School District, aims to "eliminate the Junior Reserves Officer Training Corps in our High Schools." Many cases of abuse by JROTC instructors, as well as credentialing issues, and of having students forced into JROTC due to lack of space in physical education classes have been noted in Los Angeles Public Schools. The group claims 2006 showed a reduction in JROTC enrollment in Los Angeles, with a drop of one-third or approximately 1,500 students, suggesting part of the explanation is efforts to stop the involuntary enrollment of students into JROTC. At Roosevelt High School in the Boyle Heights section of Los Angeles, a local campaign against JROTC cut the number of cadets 43 percent in four years, with a JROTC instructor reporting a 24 percent drop in enrollment from 2003–04 to 2006-07 for the rest of the Los Angeles unified School District.

In October 2005, the New York Civil Liberties Union pressured Hutchinson Central Technical High School in Buffalo, New York to release students from a mandatory JROTC program, arguing that the practice violates the State's Education Law, which provides that no child may be enrolled in JROTC without prior written parental consent.

In May 2008, the American Civil Liberties Union stated that JROTC violates the United Nations sponsored Convention on the Rights of the Child by targeting students as young as 14 for recruitment to the military. The United States has not ratified the convention, although it has ratified an optional protocol to the Convention on "the Rights of the Child on the Involvement of Children in Armed Conflict." However, recruiting is not an official goal of JROTC, as stated in United States Code pertaining to the program. Nor is it a stated goal in each of the individual service's JROTC program mission statements.

Sexual harassment and assault of JROTC cadets by instructors is reported to have occurred in the program, and some instructors have been criminally charged in relation to these crimes. Lack of oversight and the minimal training required for instructors have been cited as factors contributing to this problem.

See also
Junior Reserve Officers' Training Corps ranks
Delaware Military Academy
Reserve Officers' Training Corps
Army Reserve Officers' Training Corps
Naval Reserve Officer Training Corps (includes Marines)
Air Force Reserve Officer Training Corps (includes Guardians)
Pershing Rifles
Youth Challenge Program
High school gun clubs and teams in the United States
M1903 Springfield - Used to teach weapons handling and military drill procedures to the cadets within JROTC units.
M1 Garand

Other similar U.S.-based organizations
Youth-based, non-ROTC organizations include:
United States Army Cadet Corps (formerly the American Cadet Alliance)
Civil Air Patrol
United States Naval Sea Cadet Corps
Young Marines
California Cadet Corps
Middle School Cadet Corps
Navy League Cadet Corps
Knickerbocker Greys
New York Military Academy (NYMA)

Similar organizations in other countries
 Antigua and Barbuda Cadet Corps
 Australian Air Force Cadets
 Australian Army Cadets
 Australian Navy Cadets
 Bangladesh National Cadet Corps
 Royal Belgian Sea Cadet Corps
 Bermuda Sea Cadet Corps
 Lithuanian Riflemen's Union
 National Cadet Corps (Ghana)
 National Cadet Corps (India)
 National Cadet Corps (Singapore)
 Gadna military training
 Hong Kong Adventure Corps
 Hong Kong Air Cadet Corps
 Hong Kong Army Cadets Association Limited
 Hong Kong Sea Cadet Corps
 Cadet Colleges in Pakistan
 Citizenship Advancement Training
 Royal Canadian Air Cadets
 Royal Canadian Army Cadets
 Royal Canadian Sea Cadets
 United Kingdom Air Cadets
 United Kingdom Army Cadets
 United Kingdom Sea Cadets
 United Kingdom Combined Cadet Force
 Cadet Corps of Russia
 Young Army Cadets National Movement

References

Videos
Atlanta Public Schools' JROTC Pass-in-Review
Union HS Army JROTC Unarmed Regulation at Central Regional Drill Competition 2019
North Salem HS JROTC Vanir Guard Color Guard @ The Nationals, 5 May 2017
Joint Service Academic Bowl Championship
Ozark High School JROTC Drill Team 2017
Virginia 91st Air Force JROTC Band at Fall Family Day Parade 2015
JROTC Spring Competition - Lincoln Drum Corps 2015

External links

 U.S. Air Force University JROTC
 U.S. Army JROTC
 U.S. Marine Corps JROTC
 U.S. Navy JROTC

1916 establishments in the United States
1916 in military history
Army cadet organisations
National Defense Act of 1916
Student organizations established in 1916


title: 1902 in Portugal

text:
Events in the year 1902 in Portugal.

Incumbents
 Monarch: Carlos I
 President of the Council of Ministers: Ernesto Hintze Ribeiro

Events
 Bailundo Revolt of 1902

Sport
 Establishment of the Club Internacional de Foot-ball

References

Portugal
Years of the 20th century in Portugal
Portugal


title: Jack Lott

text:
Jacques P. Lott (July 15, 1920 – August 12, 1993), best known as Jack Lott, was a big game hunter, writer, historian, and inventor of the .458 Lott, a renowned .458 caliber belted hunting cartridge. He was a biographer of Frederick Russell Burnham and a frequent contributor on gun topics.

Early life
Born in Maryland, Jack Lott was named after his uncle, Pessou Jacques Lott. In his early youth, his family moved to California and he graduated Beverly Hills High School and Los Angeles City College. He developed an early interest in military history, big game, and guns, and learned to make his own gun barrels on a lathe.

Gunsmith and writer
Lott was a trained machinist and a tool-and-die man who worked for Pachmayr in the 1960s. He used this training to specialize in very high-grade firearms, particularly Mauser rifles and English double rifles.  He was also an expert at stockmaking, combining English and American styles into his bolt-action rifles stocks. He was knowledgeable in all aspects of firearms lore, and he applied this knowledge in his writing. In addition to writing several biographies of Frederick Russell Burnham, in his personal collection he owned several of Burnham's guns.

Lott was a 35-year veteran of African hunts, specializing in Cape buffalo, and he hunted in Sumatra and Thailand on occasion. His expertise in hunting and gunsmithing combined to make him one of primary authorities on rifles and loads for dangerous game. While he is best known for the .458 Lott cartridge, he also helped Tom Siatos in the invention of the .460 G&A and several other heavy-caliber rifle cartridges for big game hunting.

According to his colleague Craig Boddington, a fellow writer on gun topics: "Legend has it that he worked for the CIA. We never knew that for sure, but I know he was with the anti-castro movement and he spent a lot of time in Rhodesia during the long bush war. With Jack one never knew where fact, legend and myth intertwined – but I actually saw his Congo Cross awarded to him by Moise Tshombe for his courage in that long forgotten insurgency."

The .458 Lott Cartridge

Lott had an adverse encounter in Mozambique in 1959 with an African Cape buffalo in which he sustained injuries. He had been hunting with the then new .458 Winchester Magnum. This experience convinced him that a more powerful cartridge than the .458 Winchester Magnum was required when hunting dangerous game. After the encounter he began a search for a big bore cartridge which would suit his needs perfectly.

Not finding a cartridge that would fit his needs, he designed a cartridge which he felt would meet his requirements in a dangerous game cartridge. Jack Lott's original drawings of the cartridge were done on a napkin at a diner. The first cases for the new rifle cartridge were fireformed from .375 H&H Magnum brass into a chamber by using .458 caliber (11.6 mm) bullets which had their bases re-sized  so as to fit in the mouth of the .375 H&H Magnum. This method of fireforming left the newly formed cases slightly shorter than the parent cases. The resulting cartridge is named the .458 Lott in his honor. A similar method was used by David Miller and Curt Crum to create cases for their early custom .458 Lott rifles. The creation of the cases began with the casting of a  bullet with a  shank and which weighed around 260 gr. This bullet was seated on a .375 H&H Magnum case containing  of Hercules 2400 powder with some polyester material used as a wadding to hold the powder charge against the primer. This set-up was then fire-formed in rifle with a .458 Lott chamber. The fire-formed cases were then run through a .458 Winchester Magnum full length re-sizing die with a set off of . Once this was accomplished cases were trimmed to  tumbled clean. This method of fire-forming of brass led to severe gas cutting into the neck area of the .458 Lott fire-forming rifle after only 200 rounds. In 1989 A-Square became the first company to offer the .458 Lott as a commercial cartridge.

Illness and suicide
In 1992, Lott suffered failure in both kidneys due in part to his alcoholism and diabetes. He began to lose his sight and needed dialysis twice a week. He used a .455 Webley revolver to take his own life with a shot to his head.

Notes

Source notes

1920 births
1993 deaths
20th-century American non-fiction writers


title: Aftershock Festival

text:
Aftershock Festival is a hard rock and heavy metal festival in Sacramento, California, started in 2012.

History
In 2019, the festival expanded to three days, and in 2021 Aftershock expanded to 4 days, October 7 to 10.

In 2022, Aftershock attracted an estimated 160,000 fans to the festival.

Aftershock 2012

Aftershock 2012 – September 23, 2012

 Stone Temple Pilots
 Deftones
 Bush
 Chevelle
 Theory of a Deadman
 Escape the Fate
 Hollywood Undead
 Oleander
 Hell or Highwater
 Otherwise
 Stepchild
 Gemini Syndrome
 Beware of Darkness
 Fallrise

Aftershock 2013

Aftershock 2013 – September 14–15, 2013

Day 1, Saturday September 14:

Monster Energy Main Stage North
Shinedown
Papa Roach
Skillet
P.O.D.
In This Moment
We as Human

Monster Energy Main Stage South
Korn
Megadeth
Buckcherry
Testament
Steel Panther
Otherwise

Ernie Ball Stage
Love and Death
Heaven's Basement
Butcher Babies
Eye Empire
Girl On Fire
Nothing More

Day 2, Sunday September 15:

Monster Energy Main Stage North
Avenged Sevenfold
A Day to Remember
Halestorm
Asking Alexandria
Falling in Reverse
Gemini Syndrome

Monster Energy Main Stage South
Five Finger Death Punch
Volbeat
HIM
All That Remains
Airbourne
Hell or Highwater

Ernie Ball Stage
Filter
Pop Evil
SOiL
Thousand Foot Krutch
Miss May I

Aftershock 2014

Day 1 - September 13, 2014

Monster Energy Main Stage West
 Limp Bizkit
 Tech N9ne
 Black Label Society
 Hellyeah
 Memphis May Fire
 Anti-Mortem

Monster Energy Main Stage North
 Weezer (headliner)
 AWOLNATION
 Bad Religion
 Pepper
 Dead Sara
 The Last Internationale

Monster Energy Main Stage South
 The Offspring (co-headliner)
 Chevelle
 Nothing More
 Fuel
 Sleepwave
 Islander

Coors Light Stage
 Butcher Babies
 Emmure
 Eyes Set to Kill
 Viza
 Dig the Kid

Day 2 - September 14, 2014

Monster Energy Main Stage West
 Godsmack (headliner)
 Seether
 Theory of a Deadman
 Black Stone Cherry
 We Are Harlot
 Escape the Fate

Monster Energy Main Stage North
 Rob Zombie (co-headliner)
 Rise Against
 Pennywise
 Of Mice & Men
 Atreyu
 Otherwise

Monster Energy Main Stage South
 Five Finger Death Punch
 Mastodon
 Buckcherry
 We Came as Romans
 Kyng
 Young Guns

Coors Light Stage
 Lacuna Coil
 Unlocking the Truth
 New Medicine
 Burn Halo
 Fallrise

Aftershock 2015

Day 1 - October 24, 2015

Monster Energy Main Stage North
 Slipknot (headliner)
 Bring Me the Horizon
 Black Veil Brides
 Pop Evil
 Suicidal Tendencies
 Turbowolf

Monster Energy Main Stage South
 Shinedown (co-headliner)
 Breaking Benjamin
 Hollywood Undead
 Helmet
 Art of Dying
 Snot

Monster Energy Main Stage East
 Marilyn Manson
 Seether
 P.O.D.
 All That Remains
 Red Sun Rising
 Devour the Day

Coors Light Stage
 Clutch
 Beartooth
 Hell or Highwater
 September Mourning
 RavenEye

Day 2 - October 25, 2015

Monster Energy Main Stage North
Faith No More (headliner)
Coheed and Cambria
All Time Low
Sleeping with Sirens
Issues
ONE OK ROCK

Monster Energy Main Stage South
Deftones (co-headliner)
Death from Above 1979
Eagles of Death Metal
Failure
Highly Suspect
Pink Slips
Death Rogen

Monster Energy Main Stage East
Jane's Addiction
Stone Temple Pilots ft. Chester Bennington
Yelawolf
Sevendust
The Sword
Neck Deep

Coors Light Stage
 Glassjaw
 Red Fang
 Madchild
 '68
 Dance Gavin Dance

Aftershock 2016

Day 1 - October 22, 2016

MONSTER ENERGY STAGE
 Tool
 Primus
 The Pretty Reckless
 Baroness
 Avatar
 Whores.
 American Sharks

DISCOVERY STAGE
 Slayer
 Meshuggah
 Anthrax
 Motionless in White
 letlive.
 Big Jesus

CAPITAL STAGE
 Deafheaven
 Face to Face
 Drakulas
 The Shrine
 Æges
 Death Angel

Day 2 - October 23, 2016

MONSTER ENERGY STAGE
 Avenged Sevenfold
 Disturbed
 Chevelle
 Parkway Drive
 Silver Snakes
 The Mendenhall Experiment

DISCOVERY STAGE
 Korn
 Puscifer
 Ghost
 The Amity Affliction
 Ignite

CAPITAL STAGE
 Zakk Sabbath
 Max and Igor Cavalera return to Roots
 Suicide Silence
 Whitechapel
 Some Fear None

Aftershock 2017

Day 1 - Saturday, October 21, 2017,

MONSTER ENERGY STAGE
 Nine Inch Nails (headliner)
 Run the Jewels
 Stone Sour
 Eagles of Death Metal
 Nothing More
 Greta Van Fleet
 Palaye Royale

BLACKCRAFT STAGE
 A Perfect Circle (co-headliner)
 Mastodon
 Gojira
 Highly Suspect
 Anti-Flag
 Deap Vally

CAPITAL STAGE
 Tech N9ne
 August Burns Red
 Code Orange
 He Is Legend
 Joyous Wolf

Day 2 - Sunday, October 22, 2017,

MONSTER ENERGY STAGE
 Ozzy Osbourne (headliner)
 Halestorm
 Of Mice & Men
 Beartooth
 Butcher Babies
 New Years Day

BLACKCRAFT STAGE
 Five Finger Death Punch (co-headliner)
 In This Moment
 Hollywood Undead
 Suicidal Tendencies
 Starset
 Black Map

CAPITAL STAGE
 Steel Panther
 Fozzy
 Power Trip
 DED
 Them Evils

PREVIOUSLY SCHEDULED BANDS THAT CANCELLED
 Marilyn Manson (due to an onstage injury sustained a few weeks prior)
 Frank Carter & The Rattlesnakes

Aftershock 2018

Day 1 - Saturday, October 13, 2018,

MONSTER ENERGY STAGE
 Deftones (headliner)
 311
 Action Bronson
 Jonathan Davis
 Sevendust
 Red Sun Rising
 Dirty Honey

DISCOVERY STAGE (PRESENTED BY CYCO FLOWER)
 Godsmack (co-headliner)
 Shinedown
 Underoath
 Asking Alexandria
 The Vinnie Paul Tribute
 Hyro Da Hero
 Viza

CAPITAL STAGE (PRESENTED BY KOLAS)
 Gwar
 Monster Magnet
 Emmure
 Stick to Your Guns
 Wage War
 The Dose
 Provoker

Day 2 - Sunday, October 14, 2018,

MONSTER ENERGY STAGE
 System of a Down (headliner)
 Incubus
 At the Drive-In
 Bullet for My Valentine
 Dorothy
 Amigo the Devil

DISCOVERY STAGE (PRESENTED BY CYCO FLOWER)
 Alice in Chains (co-headliner)
 Slash feat. Myles Kennedy & The Conspirators
 Seether
 Black Veil Brides
 Dance Gavin Dance
 LAW

CAPITAL STAGE (PRESENTED BY KOLAS)
 Everlast
 The Fever 333
 Plague Vendor
 All Them Witches
 Slothrust
 The Jacks

PREVIOUSLY SCHEDULED BANDS THAT CANCELLED

 Hellyeah (cancelled due to Vinnie Paul's death)
 Bad Wolves (cancelled)

Aftershock 2019

Day 1 - Friday, October 11, 2019,

MONSTER ENERGY STAGE
 Slipknot (headliner)
 Lamb of God
 Dropkick Murphys
 I Prevail
 Philip H. Anselmo & the Illegals

KOLAS DISCOVERY STAGE
 Staind
 Halestorm
 Clutch
 Beartooth
 Motionless in White
 Ded

COORS CAPITAL STAGE
 Sum 41
 The Interrupters
 Knocked Loose
 Angel Du$t
 The Pink Slips
 Santa Cruz

Day 2 - Saturday, October 12, 2019,

MONSTER ENERGY STAGE
 blink-182 (headliner)
 Bring Me the Horizon
 Stone Temple Pilots
 Highly Suspect
 Fishbone
 The Parlor Mob
 Dead Posey

KOLAS DISCOVERY STAGE
 Rob Zombie
 Marilyn Manson
 Bad Religion
 Ghostemane
 Badflower
 Sick Puppies

COORS CAPITAL STAGE
 Fidlar
 Andrew W.K.
 Health
 Ho99o9
 Spirit Adrift

Day 3 - Sunday, October 13, 2019,

MONSTER ENERGY STAGE
 Tool (headliner)
 A Day to Remember
 Gojira
 The Crystal Method
 Brkn Love
 Blue Midnight

KOLAS DISCOVERY STAGE
 Korn
 Chevelle
 Babymetal
 Falling in Reverse
 New Language

COORS CAPITAL STAGE
 Deadland Ritual
 Fu Manchu
 Fire from the Gods
 The Hu
 Evan Konrad

ORIGINALLY SCHEDULED BANDS THAT CANCELLED OR WERE NO SHOWS

 Poppy (no show)
 While She Sleeps (cancelled)
 Broken Hands (cancelled)
 Joyous Wolf (cancelled)
 Architects (cancelled)
 Frank Carter & The Rattlesnakes (cancelled)

Aftershock 2021
Previously in 2020, it was postponed until 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Danny Wimmer Presents announced because of the unfortunate events a Thursday night will be added for free for anyone who purchased their tickets in advance.

Day 1 - Thursday, October 7, 2021,

KOLAS STAGE
 Cypress Hill  (headliner)
 Anthrax
 Knocked Loose
 Destroy Boys

COORS LIGHT STAGE
 Testament
 Exodus
 Death Angel
 Oxymorrons

Day 2 - Friday, October 8, 2021,

JACK DANIEL'S STAGE
 Metallica (headliner)
 Rancid
 Dropkick Murphys
 Avatar
 Des Rocs
 Ayron Jones

KOLAS STAGE
 Volbeat
 Seether
 Skillet
 Pop Evil
 Crobot

COORS LIGHT STAGE
 Suicidal Tendencies
 Butcher Babies
 Cleopatrick
 Black Map
 Unity TX
 Contracult Collective

Day 3 - Saturday, October 9, 2021,

JACK DANIEL'S STAGE
 Mudvayne
 Gojira
 Atreyu
 August Burns Red
 Ded
 The Black Moods

KOLAS STAGE
 The Original Misfits (headliner)
 The Offspring
 Machine Gun Kelly
 Badflower
 Bones UK
 Blame My Youth

COORS LIGHT STAGE
 Body Count
 Anti-Flag
 Alien Weaponry
 South of Eden
 Another Day Dawns
 American Teeth

Day 4- Sunday, October 10, 2021,

JACK DANIEL'S STAGE
 Metallica (headliner)
 Social Distortion
 Pennywise
 Black Veil Brides
 Mammoth WVH
 The Blue Stones

KOLAS STAGE
 Rise Against
 Mastodon
 In This Moment
 Steel Panther
 Law

COORS LIGHT STAGE
 Yelawolf
 Grandson
 All Good Things
 The Cold Stares
 Widow 7

ORIGINALLY SCHEDULED BANDS THAT WERE CANCELLED
 My Chemical Romance (headliner) [cancelled]
 Limp Bizkit (cancelled)
 Faith No More (cancelled due to Mike Patton's mental health issues)
 From Ashes to New (cancelled)
 Parkway Drive
 Fit for a King
 Live
 Hatebreed

Aftershock 2022

Day 1 - Thursday, October 6, 2022
JACK DANIEL'S STAGE

 Slipknot (headliner)
 Evanescence
 Killswitch Engage
 Nothing More
 Crown the Empire
 Vended

KOLAS STAGE

 Rob Zombie
 Stone Temple Pilots
 Ghostemane
 Ice Nine Kills
 Dead Sara
 Solence

DW PRESENT'S STAGE

 Code Orange
 Royal & the Serpent
 POORSTACY
 Fit For An Autopsy
 Superbloom

COORS LIGHT STAGE

 Bad Religion
 Alexisonfire
 Cherry Bombs
 PRONG
 Taipei Houston
 Ego Kill Talent

Day 2 - Friday, October 7, 2022
JACK DANIEL'S STAGE

 Kiss (headliner)
 Danzig
 Falling in Reverse
 Clutch
 Spiritbox
 AEIR

KOLAS STAGE

 Lamb of God
 Chevelle
 Motionless in White
 Jeris Johnson
 Joey Valence & Brae
 Orbit Culture

DW PRESENT'S STAGE

 Gwar
 Apocalyptica
 Nemophila
 Set It Off
 For The Better

COORS LIGHT STAGE

 Meshuggah
 In Flames
 Helmet
 Mike's Dead
 Archetypes Collide
 Hot Crazy

Day 3 - Saturday, October 8, 2022
JACK DANIEL'S STAGE

 My Chemical Romance (headliner)
 A Day to Remember
 Yungblud
 Beartooth
 Thursday
 Lilith Czar

KOLAS STAGE

 Papa Roach
 Halestorm
 Theory of a Deadman
 Thrice
 Airbourne
 Eva Under Fire

DW PRESENT'S STAGE
 The Emo Night Tour
 L.S. Dunes
 Enter Shikari
 Zeal & Ardor
 Point North
 Crooked Teeth

COORS LIGHT STAGE

 City Morgue
 Ho99o9
 The Chats
 Mothica
 Trash Boat
 As You Were

Day 4 - Sunday, October 9, 2022
JACK DANIEL'S STAGE

 Muse (headliner)
 Bring Me the Horizon
 The Pretty Reckless
 The Struts
 Dirty Honey
 New Years Day

KOLAS STAGE

 Shinedown
 Black Label Society
 The Interrupters
 Underoath
 The Warning
 Maggie Lindemann

DW PRESENT'S STAGE
 Bayside
 Carolesdaughter
 Classless Act
 Jared James Nichols
 Bloodywood
 Heartsick

COORS LIGHT STAGE

 Action Bronson
 Amigo The Devil
 Band-Maid
 The Alive
 The Bobby Lees

Originally scheduled bands that were cancelled
 Foo Fighters (headliner)

 Jelly Roll

Aftershock 2023

Aftershock 2023 took place during a week of high temperatures and hydration stations were provided to festival goers. Pantera pulled out of the festival due to "circumstances beyond our control", being replaced by Stone Temple Pilots. Prior to Aftershock, Corey Taylor injured his leg during a show in Los Angeles and also pulled out of the festival. Members of his touring group were also having difficulties with Covid-19.

Day 1 - Thursday, October 5, 2023
JACK DANIEL'S STAGE

 Avenged Sevenfold (headliner)
 The Cult
 Stone Temple Pilots
 Nothing but Thieves
 Don Broco
 Pinkshift

SHOCKWAVE STAGE

 Incubus
 AFI
 Pennywise
 White Reaper
 Nothing,Nowhere
 Holding Absence

COORS LIGHT STAGE

 L7
 The Bronx
 Beauty School Dropout
 Thousand Below
 Starbenders
 Letdown.

DWPRESENTS STAGE

 Senses Fail
 DeathbyRomy
 Kim Dracula
 Kid Kapichi
 Static Dress
 SeeYouSpaceCowboy

Day 2 - Friday, October 6 2023
JACK DANIEL'S STAGE

 Tool (headliner)
 Limp Bizkit
 Coheed & Cambria
 Skillet
 Memphis May Fire
 Strange Kids

SHOCKWAVE STAGE

 Godsmack
 Megadeth
 Bad Omens
 The Hu
 Fire From the Gods
 Flat Black

COORS LIGHT STAGE

 Converge
 Attila
 Gideon
 Dragged Under
 Hanabie.
 Death Valley Dreams

DWPRESENTS STAGE

 Nu Metal Night
 Deafheaven
 Polaris
 Currents
 Varials
 Tallah
 Widow7

Day 3 - Saturday, October 7, 2023
JACK DANIEL'S STAGE

 Korn (headliner)
 311
 Fever 333
 Escape the Fate
 Fame on Fire
 Reddstar

SHOCKWAVE STAGE

 Turnstile
 Parkway Drive
 Babymetal
 Avatar
 Boston Manor

COORS LIGHT STAGE

 Dethklok
 The Amity Affliction
 Sueco
 Ten56.
 Ithaca
 Traitors
 Amber Wild

DWPRESENTS STAGE

 Imperial Tide
 Polyphia
 Sleep Token
 Catch Your Breath
 Holy Wars
 Fox Lake
 Luna Aura

Day 4 - Sunday, October 8, 2023
JACK DANIEL'S STAGE

 Guns N' Roses (headliner)
 Rancid
 I Prevail
 Badflower
 Ayron Jones
 Wargasm

SHOCKWAVE STAGE

 Queens of the Stone Age
 Dance Gavin Dance
 Daughtry
 Mayday Parade
 Rain City Drive
 Austin Meade

COORS LIGHT STAGE

 Suicide Silence
 Movements
 Ryan Oakes
 Tigercub
 Redlight King
 Asava

DWPRESENTS STAGE

 Billy Talent
 Call Me Karizma
 Jehnny Beth
 Devil's Cut
 Gnome
 As You Were

Originally scheduled bands that were cancelled
 Pantera
 Corey Taylor
 DeathByRomy
 Bob Vylan
 Rain City Drive
 Reddstar
 '68
 Devil's Cut
 All Waves
 You Me At Six
 Dead Poet Society

See also
Ozzfest
Uproar Festival
Mayhem Festival

References

External links

Heavy metal festivals in the United States
Music of California
Rock festivals in the United States
2012 establishments in California


title: (r)Evolution

text:
(r)Evolution is the ninth studio album by Swedish power metal band HammerFall. It was released on 27 August 2014 in Sweden, 29 August in mainland Europe, 1 September in the UK, and 2 September in North America. For the first time since 1998, HammerFall collaborated with Fredrik Nordström on a studio album, and Fredrik is sharing production credits with guitarists Oscar Dronjak and Pontus Norgren. It is also the band's final album to feature drummer Anders Johansson before his departure in September 2014. On 4 September 2014 (r)Evolution went all the way to No. 1 on Sverigetopplistan (Swedish Charts).

Track listing

Personnel
 Joacim Cans – lead and backing vocals
 Oscar Dronjak – guitars, keyboards, backing vocals
 Pontus Norgren – guitars, backing vocals
 Fredrik Larsson – bass, backing vocals
 Anders Johansson – drums
 James Michael – vocals on track 6
 Mats Leven – backing vocals

Production
 Oscar Dronjak – production
 Pontus Norgren – production
 Fredrik Nordström – production
 James Michael – production

Charts

References

External links
 Official HammerFall website
 HammerFall To Release '(r)Evolution' Album
 HammerFall - (r)Evolution

2014 albums
HammerFall albums
Nuclear Blast albums
Albums produced by Fredrik Nordström


title: Abubakar Shehu-Abubakar

text:
Abubakar Shehu-Abubakar CFR(born 17 December 1977, Gombe, Nigeria) is a Nigerian traditional leader who was appointed the 11th Emir of Gombe in June 2014. He became Emir following the death of his father, Shehu Abubakar, the 10th emir, who died on 27 May 2014. Abubakar Shehu-Abubakar III is Shehu Abubakar's second son. He was also named sarkin Daban Nigeria. He is also called by names Like Giwa, Uban Kasa,  Ɗawisu,  and Abba Jikan Abba.

Early life and education
Abubakar Shehu-Abubakar was born in Gombe, Nigeria. He attended Gombe Children Primary School from 1982 to 1988 and the Government Science Secondary School, Gombe, from 1989 until 1995. Shehu-Abubakar received his bachelor's degree in political science from University of Maiduguri, where he was a student from 2001 until his graduation in 2005.

Career
Abubakar served as a Supervisory Councillor on the Gombe Local Government Council from 2006 to 2007. From 2007 until 2009, he worked as the personal assistant to the Director of Administration at the federal Nigerian Ministry of Defence in Abuja. He later became the chairman of Kliptown Lagoon Nigeria Ltd. And the executive director of Horizon Interlinks Global Resources.

Shehu-Abubakar's father, the 10th Emir of Gombe, Shehu Abubakar, died of cancer in London on 27 May 2014. He was appointed as Shehu Abubakar's successor in early June 2014. The Secretary to the Gombe State Government (SSG), Abubakar Bage, presented Shehu-Abubakar with his letter of appointment at the  Gombe Central Mosque on 6 June 2014. A coronation will take place.

Awards
In October 2022, a Nigerian national honor of Commander Of The Order Of The Federal Republic (CFR) was conferred on him by President Muhammadu Buhari.

See also

 Gombe State
 Nigerian Ministry of Defence

References

1977 births
Emirs of Gombe
People from Gombe State
University of Maiduguri alumni
Living people


title: 1903 in Portugal

text:
Events in the year 1903 in Portugal.

Incumbents
Monarch: Carlos I
President of the Council of Ministers: Ernesto Hintze Ribeiro

Events

2 April – Edward VII of the United Kingdom arrives in Lisbon on a state visit.
1 August – Boavista F.C. is founded as 'The Boavista Footballers' by British expatriates in Porto.

Births
12 October – Júlio Botelho Moniz, soldier and politician (d. 1970).

References

Portugal
Years of the 20th century in Portugal
Portugal


title: Dubois' frog

text:
Dubois' frog may refer to:

 Dubois' hill frog (Zakerana keralensis), a frog in the family Dicroglossidae from India
 Dubois' paa frog (Nanorana rostandi), a frog in the family Dicroglossidae endemic to western Nepal

Animal common name disambiguation pages


title: 1904 in Portugal

text:
Events in the year 1904 in Portugal.

Incumbents
Monarch: Carlos I
President of the Council of Ministers: Ernesto Hintze Ribeiro (until 20 October), José Luciano de Castro (from 20 October)

Events
26 June - Legislative election

Sport
28 February - Establishment of S.L. Benfica

References

Portugal
Years of the 20th century in Portugal
Portugal


title: Anhak Palace

text:
The Anhak Palace () was the royal residence of the Goguryeo Kingdom after the capital was moved to Pyongyang from Gungnae. Originally built in 427 AD, the palace is located in the Taesong District of Pyongyang, North Korea, at the foot of Mount Taesong.

The layout of the palace closely followed Korean architecture system using Korean fortress system. It was the palace where the king usually lived. The nobility and ordinary people lived outside this castle, and the outer fortress surrounding the urban area was present. There was a moat outside the east and west walls of the palace. The inside of the complex was composed of large separate palaces and corridors, as well as artificial gardens and lakes. 52 palace sites were identified. It was built after the transfer of the capital to Pyongyang, during which political groups familiar with Korean culture became a new bureaucratic group under the king's patronage.

The palace is surrounded by a wall,  in total circumference, one side being  long. The total area of the palace is . Three streams flow down the mountain; one leading into a pond within the palace, the other two filling moats to the east and west of the complex. The palace featured landscaped gardens.

See also
 Pyongyang
 Taesong Fortress
 Pyongyang Castle

References

National Treasures of North Korea
Buildings and structures in Pyongyang
Palaces in Korea
Goguryeo
Buildings and structures completed in the 5th century
Royal residences in North Korea
5th-century establishments in Korea
Traditional East Asian Architecture


title: Dick Olum

text:
Major General Richard Prit Olum, commonly known as Dick Olum, is a military officer in the Uganda People's Defence Force (UPDF), who serves as the Ugandan commander of the UPDF forces in the Democratic Republic of the Congo under the joint Uganda/DRC mission code named Operation Shujaa. He also serves as the commander of the UPDF Mountain Division, based in Fort Portal, Kabarole District at the base of the Rwenzori Mountains. His appointment was made on 12 October 2022.

Before that, from October 2017 until October 2022, he was Uganda's military attache at the Ugandan embassy in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, based in Kinshasa.

Immediately prior to that assignment, from April 2015 until October 2017, he was the commanding officer of the third army division of the UPDF, based in Moroto. Before that, he served as the commander of the UPDF contingent in Somalia as part of the African Union Mission to Somalia (AMISOM). He was appointed to that position in June 2013 by Yoweri Museveni, the commander in chief of the UPDF and the president of Uganda. He took his position in Mogadishu Somalia, in September 2013. His mission to Somalia ended in November 2014 when he was replaced by Sam Kavuma.

Background
Olum was born in Zombo District, West Nile sub-region, Northern Region of Uganda in 1970.

Military career

In 2006, when the Uganda Junior Staff College, based in Jinja, was founded, Lieutenant Colonel Olum was selected to be its commandant. In 2010, at the rank of colonel, he was transferred to the Uganda Military Academy in Kabamba as chief instructor. In 2012, the African Union (AU) established a 5,000 strong military force, based in Nzara, South Sudan, with the objective of hunting down fugitive warlord Joseph Kony. The force was composed of troops from the African countries affected by the Lord's Resistance Army insurgency, namely Uganda, South Sudan, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and the Central African Republic.  Colonel Olum was selected as the first commander of the AU force against Kony. In June 2013, he was assigned to lead the UPDF contingent to AMISOM and was appointed acting brigadier. He assumed his post in Somalia in September 2013. In November 2013, Olum was promoted to full Brigadier in the UPDF. In April 2015, he was appointed commanding officer of the UPDF third division, based in Moroto.

As commander of the UPDF Mountain Division and as commander of Operation Shuja, General Olum replaced Lieutenant General Kayanja Muhanga who was promoted to the position of Commander of the UPDF Land Forces, based in Bombo, Uganda.

Family
Olum is married father of two children.

See also
 David Muhoozi
 Nakibus Lakara
 Michael Kabango
 Hudson Mukasa

References

External links

  Anti-LRA Operation: Colonel Olum Takes Over Command
  Colonel Olum to Head Hunt for Kony

People from Zombo District
Living people
Alur people
1970 births
Ugandan Roman Catholics
People from West Nile sub-region
Ugandan generals


title: Paa (given name)

text:
Paa is a Ghanaian masculine given name. Notable people with the name include:

Paa Grant (1878–1956), Ghanaian politician
Paa Joe (born 1947), Ghanaian artist
Paa Kwesi Nduom (born 1953), Ghanaian politician
Paa Nii Lutterodt (1937–2006), Ghanaian international football player

African masculine given names
Ghanaian culture


title: List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Illinois

text:
This article contains a list of fossil-bearing stratigraphic units in the state of Illinois, U.S.

Sites

See also

 Paleontology in Illinois

References

Illinois
Stratigraphic units
Stratigraphy of Illinois
Illinois geography-related lists
United States geology-related lists


title: Mary Roebling

text:
Mary Gindhart Herbert Roebling (July 29, 1905 – October 25, 1994) was an American banker, businesswoman, and philanthropist. She was the first woman to serve as president of a major US bank.

Biography
Mary Gindhart was born in West Collingswood, New Jersey on July 29, 1905. Mary's parents were Isaac Dare Gindhart Jr. and Mary (Simon) Gindhart, and was the eldest of four children. Mary's father Isaac was the president of the Keystone & Eastern Telephone Company, and her mother was a singer and pianist. She attended public schools in Moorestown and Haddonfield. She married musician Arthur Herbert in her teens (15), in 1920, and had a daughter, Elizabeth, in 1921
. Arthur died in 1922. She then worked in Philadelphia at an investment house while taking night classes in business administration and merchandising at the University of Pennsylvania.
Her second husband, was Hugh Graham. They married in 1923. She divorced Graham and married Siegfried Roebling in 1932 (a son of John A. Roebling II. Siegfried died in 1936 and left her Trenton Trust stock. She took his seat on a Trenton Trust Company board. She was elected president of the board on January 21, 1937, and became the first woman to serve as president of a major American commercial bank. She served as either president or chair of the board until 1972 when the bank merged with National State. She then chaired the combined banks until 1984.

Over the years Mary was requested to serve in various public service capacities including Citizen's Advisory Committee on Armed Forces Installations, Atlantic Congress for NATO, White House Congress on Refugee Programs, International Chamber of Commerce's 17th Congress, and Citizens Advisory Council to the Committee on the Status of Women. Through several administrations, Roebling served as a civilian aide to the Secretary of the Army. She was made president of the new Army War College Foundation in 1978. That year she also founded Women's Bank N.A. in Denver, the nation's first chartered bank established by women, and chaired its board until 1983. From 1958 to 1962, she was governor of the American Stock Exchange. She was their first woman governor.

In a 1965 speech, Mrs. Roebling said: "As a woman who for years has competed in the business world, I would be the first to agree that the American woman has almost unbelievable economic power, but American women, like women of all civilized nations, do not use the influence their economic power gives them."

She died on October 25, 1994, of renal failure at her home in Trenton, NJ.

Awards and recognition
In 1973, Roebling received the Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement.
In 2019, Roebling was inducted into the New Jersey Hall of Fame.

Further reading

 The Women's Project of New Jersey Inc. (1997). Past and Promise: Lives of New Jersey Women. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press.

References

Roebling, Mary
Roebling, Mary
Roebling, Mary
Roebling, Mary
Roebling, Mary
Roebling, Mary
Roebling, Mary
Roebling, Mary
Mary


title: List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in North Carolina

text:
This article contains a list of fossil-bearing stratigraphic units in the state of North Carolina, U.S.

Sites

See also

 Paleontology in North Carolina
 Lists of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in the United States

References

North Carolina
Stratigraphic units
Stratigraphy of North Carolina
North Carolina geography-related lists
United States geology-related lists


title: List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Virginia

text:
This article contains a list of fossil-bearing stratigraphic units in the state of Virginia, U.S.

Sites

See also

 Paleontology in Virginia

References

Virginia
Stratigraphic units
Stratigraphy of Virginia
Virginia geography-related lists
United States geology-related lists


title: List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Tennessee

text:
This article contains a list of fossil-bearing stratigraphic units in the state of Tennessee, U.S.

Sites

See also

 Paleontology in Tennessee

References

Tennessee
Stratigraphic units
Stratigraphy of Tennessee
Tennessee geography-related lists
United States geology-related lists


title: List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Maryland

text:
This article contains a list of fossil-bearing stratigraphic units in the state of Maryland, U.S.

Sites

See also

 Paleontology in Maryland

References

Maryland
Stratigraphic units
Stratigraphy of Maryland
Maryland geography-related lists
United States geology-related lists


title: List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Washington, D.C.

text:
This article contains a list of fossil-bearing stratigraphic units in Washington D.C., U.S.

Sites

See also

 Paleontology in Washington, D.C.

References

Washington D.C.
Stratigraphic units
Geology of Washington, D.C.
Washington, D.C.-related lists


title: List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Pennsylvania

text:
This article contains a list of fossil-bearing stratigraphic units in the state of Pennsylvania, U.S.

Sites

See also

 Paleontology in Pennsylvania

References

Pennsylvania
Stratigraphic units
Stratigraphy of Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania geography-related lists
United States geology-related lists


title: List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Delaware

text:
This article contains a list of fossil-bearing stratigraphic units in the state of Delaware, U.S.

Sites

See also

 Paleontology in Delaware

References

Delaware
Stratigraphic units
Stratigraphy of Delaware
Delaware geography-related lists
United States geology-related lists


title: List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in South Carolina

text:
This article contains a list of fossil-bearing stratigraphic units in the state of South Carolina, U.S.

Sites

See also

 Paleontology in South Carolina

References

South Carolina
Stratigraphic units
Stratigraphy of South Carolina
South Carolina geography-related lists
United States geology-related lists


title: List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in New Jersey

text:
This article contains a list of fossil-bearing stratigraphic units in the state of New Jersey, U.S.

Sites

See also

 Paleontology in New Jersey

References

New Jersey
Stratigraphic units
Stratigraphy of New Jersey
New Jersey geography-related lists
United States geology-related lists


title: List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Georgia (U.S. state)

text:
See also

 Paleontology in Georgia (U.S. state)

References

Georgia
Stratigraphic units
Stratigraphy of Georgia (U.S. state)
Georgia (U.S. state) geography-related lists
United States geology-related lists


title: List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in New York

text:
This article contains a list of fossil-bearing stratigraphic units in the state of New York, U.S.

Sites

See also

 Paleontology in New York

References

New York
Stratigraphic units
Stratigraphy of New York (state)
New York (state) geography-related lists
United States geology-related lists


title: List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Florida

text:
See also

 Paleontology in Florida

References

Florida
Stratigraphic units
Stratigraphy of Florida
Florida geography-related lists
United States geology-related lists


title: 1911 in Portugal

text:
Events in the year 1911 in Portugal.

Incumbents
President: Teófilo Braga (President of the Provisional Government) (until 24 August), Manuel de Arriaga (from 24 August)
Prime Minister: Teófilo Braga (until 3 September), João Pinheiro Chagas (from 3 September to 12 November), Augusto de Vasconcelos (from 12 November)

Events
Establishment of the University of Lisbon
22 March - Establishment of the University of Porto
22 May - Introduction of the Portuguese escudo
28 May - Constituent National Assembly election

Arts and entertainment
Establishment of the Chiado Museum

Sport
Establishment of CU Micaelense
Establishment of Lusitano G.C.
Establishment of Porto–Lisboa
Establishment of the Taça José Monteiro da Costa
11 April - Establishment of F.C. Barreirense
15 September - Establishment of Académico F.C.
8 December - Establishment of S.C. Salgueiros

References

Portugal
Years of the 20th century in Portugal
Portugal


title: List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Connecticut

text:
This article contains a list of fossil-bearing stratigraphic units in the state of Connecticut, U.S.

Sites

See also

 Paleontology in Connecticut

References

Connecticut
Stratigraphic units
Stratigraphy of Connecticut
Connecticut geography-related lists
United States geology-related lists


title: List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Rhode Island

text:
This article contains a list of fossil-bearing stratigraphic units in the state of Rhode Island, U.S.

Sites

See also

 Paleontology in Rhode Island

References

Rhode Island
Stratigraphic units
Stratigraphy of Rhode Island
Rhode Island geography-related lists
United States geology-related lists


title: List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Alabama

text:
This article contains a list of fossil-bearing stratigraphic units in the state of Alabama, U.S.

Sites

See also

 Paleontology in Alabama

References

Alabama
Stratigraphic units
Stratigraphy of Alabama
Alabama geography-related lists
United States geology-related lists


title: List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Massachusetts

text:
This article contains a list of fossil-bearing stratigraphic units in the state of Massachusetts, U.S.

Sites

See also

 Paleontology in Massachusetts

References

Massachusetts
Stratigraphic units
Stratigraphy of Massachusetts
Massachusetts geography-related lists
United States geology-related lists


title: List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Mississippi

text:
This article contains a list of fossil-bearing stratigraphic units in the state of Mississippi, U.S.

Sites

See also

 Paleontology in Mississippi

References

Mississippi
Stratigraphic units
Stratigraphy of Mississippi
Mississippi geography-related lists
United States geology-related lists


title: List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Vermont

text:
This article contains a list of fossil-bearing stratigraphic units in the state of Vermont, U.S.

Sites

See also

 Paleontology in Vermont

References

Vermont
Stratigraphic units
Stratigraphy of Vermont
Vermont geography-related lists
United States geology-related lists


title: List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in New Hampshire

text:
This article contains a list of fossil-bearing stratigraphic units in the state of New Hampshire, U.S.

Sites

See also

 Paleontology in New Hampshire

References

New Hampshire
Stratigraphic units
Stratigraphy of New Hampshire
New Hampshire geography-related lists
United States geology-related lists


title: List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Wisconsin

text:
This article contains a list of fossil-bearing stratigraphic units in the state of Wisconsin, U.S.

Sites

See also

 Paleontology in Wisconsin

References

Wisconsin
Stratigraphic units
Stratigraphy of Wisconsin
Wisconsin geography-related lists
United States geology-related lists


title: List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Louisiana

text:
This article contains a list of fossil-bearing stratigraphic units in the state of Louisiana, U.S.

Sites

See also

 Paleontology in Louisiana

References

Louisiana
Stratigraphic units
Stratigraphy of Louisiana
Louisiana geography-related lists
United States geology-related lists
.


title: List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Maine

text:
This article contains a list of fossil-bearing stratigraphic units in the state of Maine, U.S.

Sites

See also

 Paleontology in Maine

References

Maine
Stratigraphic units
Stratigraphy of Maine
Maine geography-related lists
United States geology-related lists


title: List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Arkansas

text:
This article contains a list of fossil-bearing stratigraphic units in the state of Arkansas, U.S.

Sites

See also

 Paleontology in Arkansas

References

Arkansas
Stratigraphic units
Stratigraphy of Arkansas
Arkansas geography-related lists
United States geology-related lists


title: List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Missouri

text:
This article contains a list of fossil-bearing stratigraphic units in the state of Missouri, U.S.

Sites

See also

 Paleontology in Missouri

References

Missouri
Stratigraphic units
Stratigraphy of Missouri
Missouri geography-related lists
United States geology-related lists


title: List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Iowa

text:
This article contains a list of fossil-bearing stratigraphic units in the state of Iowa, U.S.

Sites

See also

 Paleontology in Iowa

References

Iowa
Stratigraphic units
Stratigraphy of Iowa
Iowa geography-related lists
United States geology-related lists


title: List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Minnesota

text:
This article contains a list of fossil-bearing stratigraphic units in the state of Minnesota, U.S.

Sites

See also

 Paleontology in Minnesota

References

Minnesota
Stratigraphic units
Stratigraphy of Minnesota
Minnesota geography-related lists
United States geology-related lists


title: List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in North Dakota

text:
This article contains a list of fossil-bearing stratigraphic units in the state of North Dakota, U.S.

Sites

See also

 Paleontology in North Dakota

References

North Dakota
Stratigraphic units
Stratigraphy of North Dakota
North Dakota geography-related lists
United States geology-related lists


title: List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in South Dakota

text:
This article contains a list of fossil-bearing stratigraphic units in the state of South Dakota, U.S.

Sites

See also

 Paleontology in South Dakota

References

South Dakota
Stratigraphic units
Stratigraphy of South Dakota
South Dakota geography-related lists
United States geology-related lists


title: List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Nebraska

text:
This article contains a list of fossil-bearing stratigraphic units in the state of Nebraska, U.S.

Sites

See also

 Paleontology in Nebraska

References

Nebraska
Stratigraphic units
Stratigraphy of Nebraska
Nebraska geography-related lists
United States geology-related lists


title: List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Kansas

text:
This article contains a list of fossil-bearing stratigraphic units in the state of Kansas, U.S.

Sites

See also

 Paleontology in Kansas

References

Kansas
Stratigraphic units
Stratigraphy of Kansas
Kansas geography-related lists
United States geology-related lists


title: List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Oklahoma

text:
This article contains a list of fossil-bearing stratigraphic units in the state of Oklahoma, U.S.

Sites

See also

 Paleontology in Oklahoma

References

 List of Formations in the National Geologic Map Database

Oklahoma
Stratigraphic units
Stratigraphy of Oklahoma
Oklahoma geography-related lists
United States geology-related lists


title: List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Texas

text:
This article contains a list of fossil-bearing stratigraphic units in the state of Texas, U.S.

Sites

See also

 Paleontology in Texas

References

 Fossil
Texas
Texas geography-related lists
United States geology-related lists
Geology of Texas
.Stratigraphic units


title: List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Montana

text:
This article contains a list of fossil-bearing stratigraphic units in the state of Montana, U.S.

Sites

See also

 Paleontology in Montana

References

Montana
Stratigraphic units
Stratigraphy of Montana
Montana geography-related lists
United States geology-related lists


title: List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Wyoming

text:
This article contains a list of fossil-bearing stratigraphic units in the state of Wyoming, U.S.

Sites

See also

 Paleontology in Wyoming

References

Wyoming
Stratigraphic units

Wyoming geography-related lists
United States geology-related lists


title: List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Colorado

text:
This is a list of fossil-bearing stratigraphic units the U.S. State of Colorado.

Sites

See also

Paleontology in Colorado
Bibliography of Colorado
Geography of Colorado
History of Colorado
Index of Colorado-related articles
List of Colorado-related lists
Outline of Colorado

References

External links

United States Geological Survey
Colorado Geological Survey
Colorado School of Mines
University of Colorado

Colorado geography-related lists
Colorado, List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in
Stratigraphic units in Colorado, List of fossiliferous
Stratigraphy of Colorado
Colorado, List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in


title: List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in New Mexico

text:
This article contains a list of fossil-bearing stratigraphic units in the state of New Mexico, U.S.

Sites

See also

 Paleontology in New Mexico

References

New Mexico
Stratigraphic units
Stratigraphy of New Mexico
New Mexico geography-related lists
United States geology-related lists


title: List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Idaho

text:
This article contains a list of fossil-bearing stratigraphic units in the state of Idaho, U.S.

Sites

See also

 Paleontology in Idaho

References

Idaho
Stratigraphic units
Stratigraphy of Idaho
Idaho geography-related lists
United States geology-related lists


title: List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Utah

text:
This article contains a list of fossil-bearing stratigraphic units in the state of Utah, U.S.

Sites

See also

 Paleontology in Utah

References

Utah
Stratigraphic units
Stratigraphy of Utah
Utah geography-related lists
United States geology-related lists


title: List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Arizona

text:
This article contains a list of fossil-bearing stratigraphic units in the state of Arizona, U.S.

Sites

See also

 Paleontology in Arizona

References

Arizona
Stratigraphic units
Stratigraphy of Arizona
Arizona geography-related lists
United States geology-related lists


title: List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Nevada

text:
This article contains a list of fossil-bearing stratigraphic units in the state of Nevada, U.S.

Sites

See also

 Paleontology in Nevada

References

Nevada
Stratigraphic units
Stratigraphy of Nevada
Nevada geography-related lists
United States geology-related lists


title: List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Washington (state)

text:
This article contains a list of fossil-bearing stratigraphic units in the state of Washington, U.S.

Sites

See also

 Paleontology in Washington (state)

References

Washington
Stratigraphic units
Stratigraphy of Washington (state)
Washington (state) geography-related lists
United States geology-related lists


title: List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Oregon

text:
This article contains a list of fossil-bearing stratigraphic units in the state of Oregon, U.S.

Lists of fossiliferous stratigraphic units

Cenozoic

Mesozoic

Paleozoic

See also

 Paleontology in Oregon
 Lists of Oregon-related topics

References

Oregon

Stratigraphy of Oregon
Oregon geography-related lists
United States geology-related lists


title: Statue of Daniel Webster (New York City)

text:
An outdoor bronze sculpture of Daniel Webster by Thomas Ball is installed in Central Park, Manhattan, New York. The "larger-than-life-size" statue was commissioned in the 1870s, to be installed along Central Park's Mall. It was instead installed along the West Drive at 72nd Street due to size restrictions. Daniel Webster was presented by Gordon W. Burnham in 1876.

See also
 1876 in art
 Daniel Webster Memorial
 Statue of Daniel Webster (Boston)
 Statue of Daniel Webster (U.S. Capitol)

References

External links

 Central Park: Daniel Webster, New York City Department of Parks and Recreation

1876 establishments in New York (state)
1876 sculptures
Bronze sculptures in Central Park
Daniel Webster
Monuments and memorials in Manhattan
Outdoor sculptures in Manhattan
Sculptures in Central Park
Sculptures of men in New York City
Statues in New York City


title: List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in California

text:
This article contains a list of fossil-bearing stratigraphic units in the state of California, U.S.

Sites

See also

 Paleontology in California

References

California
Stratigraphic units
Fossiliferous stratigraphic units
California geography-related lists
United States geology-related lists


title: List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Alaska

text:
This article contains a list of fossil-bearing stratigraphic units in the state of Alaska, U.S.

Sites

See also

 Paleontology in Alaska

References

Stratigraphic Units
Alaska
Stratigraphic Units
Stratigraphy of Alaska
United States geology-related lists


title: List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Hawaii

text:
This article contains a list of fossil-bearing stratigraphic units in the state of Hawaii, U.S.

Sites

See also

 Paleontology in Hawaii
 Lists of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in the United States

References

Hawaii
Stratigraphic units
Stratigraphy of Hawaii
Hawaii geography-related lists
United States geology-related lists


title: Carlos Sánchez (Dominican actor)

text:
Carlos Sánchez is an actor and humourist from the Dominican Republic.

Career
Radio

Television

Theatre

Comedy shows
“Cuentos para enamorar”

Filmography

References

Living people

Dominican Republic people of Spanish descent
Dominican Republic male film actors
Dominican Republic humorists
White Dominicans
21st-century male actors

Year of birth missing (living people)


title: NQU

text:
NQU may refer to:

National Quemoy University, a national university in Jinning Township, Kinmen, Taiwan
North Queensferry railway station, Fife, Scotland, National Rail station code
Nur Junction railway station, Pakistan, station code


title: Yeo Hyun-soo

text:
Yeo Hyun-soo (born September 21, 1982) is a South Korean actor.

Filmography

Film

Television series

Variety show

Awards

References

External links

1982 births
Living people
South Korean male film actors
South Korean male television actors
South Korean male child actors
20th-century South Korean male actors
21st-century South Korean male actors
Place of birth missing (living people)
Best New Actor Paeksang Arts Award (film) winners


title: 1912 in Portugal

text:
Events in the year 1912 in Portugal.

Incumbents
President:  Manuel de Arriaga
Prime Minister: Augusto de Vasconcelos (until 16 June), Duarte Leite (from 16 June)
President of Chamber of Deputies: António Aresta Branco until 29 November; Vítor Macedo Pinto from 2 December
President of Senate of the Republic: Anselmo Braamcamp Freire

Events
6 January - Due to a violation of article 379 of the Penal Code, Bishop of the Algarve was prohibited from residing in his diocese for two years by Ministry of Justice António Macieira.
28 January - Inauguration of the Free University of Lisbon in a formal session at the Coliseu dos Recreios, in the presence of the President of the Republic, Manuel de Arriaga.
24 February - Establishment of the Republican Union and Evolutionist Party political parties.
8 July - Royalist attack on Chaves

Sport
Establishment of Clube de Futebol Esperança de Lagos
Establishment of Leça F.C.
Establishment of S.C. Olhanense
Establishment of C.D. Olivais e Moscavide
5 May to 27 July - Portugal at the 1912 Summer Olympics

References

Portugal
Years of the 20th century in Portugal
Portugal


title: Lists of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in the United States

text:
Select a region on the graphical atlas to view a list of the fossiliferous stratigraphic units in that area of the United States.

Graphical atlas

See also

 Paleontology in the United States
 Lists of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in North America
 Lists of fossiliferous stratigraphic units

Notes

References

Fossiliferous
Stratigraphy of the United States
United States


title: Luzon frog (disambiguation)

text:
The Luzon frog (Hylarana luzonensis) is a species of true frog in the family Ranidae endemic to the island of Luzon in the Philippines.

Luzon frog may also refer to:

 Luzon fanged frog (Limnonectes macrocephalus), a frog in the family Dicroglossidae endemic to the Philippines
 Luzon narrow-mouthed frog (Kaloula rigida), a frog in the family Microhylidae endemic to the Philippines
 Luzon wart frog (Fejervarya vittigera), a frog in the family Dicroglossidae endemic to the Philippines

Animal common name disambiguation pages


title: Hodoyoshi 3

text:
Hodoyoshi-3 is a Japanese micro-satellite launched in 2014. The satellite is built in 0.5x0.5x0.65m box-shape bus, optimized for piggy-back launch.
All instruments are powered by solar cells mounted on the spacecraft body and two stub wings, with estimated electrical power of 50W. For orbit-keeping, a hydrogen peroxide thruster is used. The satellite was developed under the Funding Program for World-Leading Innovation R&D on Science and Technology.

Launch
Hodoyoshi-3 was launched from Dombarovsky (air base) site 13, Russia, on 19 June 2014 by a Dnepr rocket. Two-side communication with Earth was successfully achieved at 2nd pass over ground station.

Mission

The satellite is intended primarily for technology verification in space, main test piece being 2 Earth observation cameras with nominal 40 m GSD (Middle resolution camera: MCAM) and 200 m GSD (Low resolution camera: LCAM). MCAM is performing the spectroscopic observation of near-infrared rays, red, and three green bands by adopting a multi-band pass filter as a spectrum filter.
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI) drawn using near-infrared rays and a red band, It is well used to evaluation of the degrees of growth, such as agricultural products and trees, and soundness, and broad-based mapping of a vegetation index is attained by using the spectrum picture which MCAM acquires. Secondary mission is measurements of water level in rivers to monitor floods by using Store&Forward System. Third mission is Hosted Payload. Hosted Payload mission consisted of 10 cm-cubic boxes on which users could install their own apparatuses for their own applications. Project members asked users in private partnership such as Sanrio corporation in order to explore new market of satellite utilization.

Private Partnership
The satellite also included private/public partnership in the form of Hello Kitty, a popular character of the Sanrio corporation, on the satellite Hosted Payload box.  Hello Kitty looks out a window of the craft to a view of Earth.  Electronic message display was installed which operators could change characters on the display by sending commands from the ground station. Users can take photos of their messages with Hello Kitty figure and the view of the earth from the window. The inclusion is an attempt to get more private Japanese companies working with satellites and it is hoped will boost enthusiasm for space among Hello Kitty's many fans.

See also

 2014 in spaceflight
 Hodoyoshi 4

References

External links

 Nano-Satellite Center, University of Tokyo
 Hodoyoshi and UNIFORM satellites tracking

Earth observation satellites of Japan
University of Tokyo
Spacecraft launched in 2014
Spacecraft launched by Dnepr rockets


title: Shakey's V-League 11th Season Open Conference

text:
The Shakey's V-League 11th Season: Open Conference was the 21th conference of Shakey's V-League held between June 29, 2014, to August 31, 2014. The opening ceremonies were held on June 29, 2014, with the first doubleheader of volleyball games at the Filoil Flying V Arena in San Juan. There were eight (8) teams that competed, with the Philippine Army Lady Troopers emerging as the tournament's champion.

Tournament Format

Preliminaries (PL)

Eight (8) competing teams had a Single Round-robin. Top six (6) teams qualified for the Quarterfinals.

Quarterfinals (QF)

The top six (6) teams battled for the top four (4) spots in a Single Round-robin with their scores from the preliminaries carried over, minus the ones won over the eliminated teams.

Semi-finals (SF)

The four (4) semi-finalists will compete against each other in a best-of-three series as follows: C1 vs D2 and D1 vs C2.
The two (2) SF winners will compete for GOLD.
The two (2) SF losers will compete for BRONZE

Finals
The battle for GOLD and the battle for BRONZE will both follow the best-of-three format, provided:
If the battle for GOLD ends in two (2) matches (2-0), then there will no longer be Game 3 for either GOLD or BRONZE.
If, in the case, the series for BRONZE is tied (1-1), then the tie will be resolved using FIVB rules.
A tie in the series for GOLD (1-1) after Game 2 will be broken in a Game 3, regardless of the results of the series in BRONZE.

Participating teams

Season's Line-Up (Regular Players)

Preliminaries

Bracket

Quarterfinals

Play-off

Semi-finals

Rank 1 vs Rank 4

Rank 2 vs Rank 3

Finals

Battle for Bronze

Battle for Gold

Final standings

Individual awards
 Most valuable player
 Conference: Rachel Anne Daquis (PAR)
 Finals: Jovelyn Gonzaga (PAR)
 Best scorer: Alyssa Valdez (ADMU)
 Best attacker: Alyja Daphne Santiago (NU)
 Best blocker: Maika Angela Ortiz (PAF)
 Best server: Rachel Anne Daquis (PAR)
 Best digger: Shiela Marie Pineda (CAG)
 Best setter: Rhea Katrina Dimaculangan (PAF)
 Best receiver: Lizlee Ann Gata-Pantone (PLDT)

References

External links
 www.v-league.ph - Official website
 www.vleague.tk

Shakey's V-League conferences