title: Alfarelos train crash

text:
The Alfarelos train crash occurred on 21 January 2013 at the
Alfarelos station, in the Portuguese Northern Line. Two trains
crashed, after both passed signals at danger, wounding 25 people
and halting the Northern Line for three days.

Context

On the day of the accident, services were operating as usual in the
Northern Line.
At 19:30, an InterCity train left Lisbon Santa Apolónia towards Porto Campanhã.

About half an hour later, at 19:55, a train left Entroncamento,  away from Santa Apolónia, making the
regional service towards Coimbra, where it was scheduled to arrive at 21:51.

Both trains were expected to meet at around 21:17 in Alfarelos, where the InterCity would overtake the regional.

Crash

The inquiry commission led by CP and REFER collected information about the events that led to the collision. According to their report,
shortly before arriving at Alfarelos, the regional train encountered a
caution signal (solid yellow), meaning that it would find a red signal
at Alfarelos. As the driver slowed down the train, so that it would stop before the red signal, it started slipping
on the rails.

The driver was not able to stop the train on time.  before the signal, with the train
travelling at , CONVEL triggered the emergency
brakes. This was not enough to stop the train which passed the signal at danger at a speed of
 and stopped  after the
signal.

Following the rules for this type of incident, the driver
contacted the REFER Lisbon Operational Command Center (CCO Lisboa),
awaiting instructions on how to proceed. The train could either be
told to go back to the signal, or to continue ahead.

At the same time, the InterCity train passed through the same caution
signal at , and faced similar
problems. After braking for , the train speed was
still , which prompted the driver to use the
sander. This train was also unable to stop on
time, and passed the signal at danger with a speed of
, moment at which CONVEL triggered the
emergency brakes. Shortly after, at 21:15, this train collided with
the regional train, at , destroying the last car and damaging other two.

Aftermath

Despite the collision and the destruction, which included graphic
photos of a rail car torn apart, with the InterCity going through it
"like it were a tunnel", there were no fatalities: the three last cars, which suffered most of the damage, had no passengers. The driver of the InterCity locomotive survived by getting down on the floor.

The regional train would normally be one multiple unit with three
cars (CP Class 2240), but, on the night of the accident, this
train had two multiple units, 2257 and 2294, comprising six cars.

In the aftermath of the accident, the track was not used for several
days, as works were in progress to remove the debris and to repair the infrastructure, and authorities
carried on investigations.

A preliminary inquiry found no explanation for the accident,
but ruled out human error from the drivers, and malfunctions in the
signaling system.  According to the inquiry, on both cases, the brakes were
applied in a way that would have stopped the trains before the red
signal under normal operating conditions.

The inquiry commission concluded that there was lack of adhesion
between the wheels and the rails. The commission suggested a speed
limitation of  in the accident area.

References

Train collisions in Portugal
2013 in Portugal
Soure, Portugal
Railway accidents in 2013
Railway accidents involving a signal passed at danger
January 2013 events in Europe
2013 disasters in Portugal


title: Fahrudin Pecikoza

text:
Fahrudin Pecikoza (born 11 February 1962) is a Bosnian songwriter. He has written lyrics for Bosnian, Croatian and Serbian singers.

Songwriting
Elvira Rahić
Sada znam (1995)
"A sada idem"
"Poljubit ćeš vrata"
"Ja za tebe plesala sam"
"Kako ćeš pred Boga"
Hotel "Čekanje" (2005)
"Kad odeš ti"
Miraz (2008)
"Vikend"

Željko Joksimović
Možda je to ljubav (2019)

Halid Bešlić
U ime ljubavi (2000)
"Ne bolujem"
Prvi poljubac (2003)
"Lijepa pa i pametna"
"Moja jedina"
"Plavo oko"
Halid 08 (2007)
"Miljacka"
Romanija (2013)
"Sijede"

Hari Mata Hari
Ja te volim najviše na svijetu (1988)
"Ja te volim najviše na svijetu"
"Ruža bez trna"
"Zapleši"
Volio bi' da te ne volim (1989)
"Volio bi' da te ne volim"
"Ti znaš sve"
"Na more dođite"
Strah me da te volim (1990)
"Strah me da te volim"
"Prsten i zlatni lanac"
"Ostavi suze za kraj"
"Lud sam za tobom"
"Ne budi me"
"Otkud ti ko' sudbina"
"Nek' nebo nam sudi"
"Daj još jednom da čujem ti glas"
Lejla (2006)

Jelena Karleuša
Ženite se momci (1996)
"A sada idem"

Neda Ukraden
Poslije nas (1990)
"Poslije nas"
"Ko te ne zna"
"Krijem da te volim"
"Ne zna srce"
"Idi, neću zaplakati"
"Zar čekala nisam dugo"

Severina Vučković
Dobrodošao u klub (2012)
"Slaba na slabića"

Tajči
Hajde da ludujemo (1990)
"Ti nemaš prava na mene"
"Nema više ljubavi"
Bube u glavi (1991)
"Gori mi pod nogama"

References

External links
Fahrudin Pecikoza discography at Discogs

Living people
1962 births
Bosnia and Herzegovina songwriters
Bosniaks of Bosnia and Herzegovina


title: Jovan Albanez

text:
Jovan Albanez (; –d. ) or Ivan Albanez  (Serbian, , ) ) was a military officer of Montenegrin Serb origin who led the first group of colonists from the Military Frontier of the Habsburg monarchy to the Russian Empire in the first half of the 18th century.

Early life
An ethnic Serb, born in the second half of the 17th century in Podgorica, his real name was Mojsije Mitanović (, ). He was originally an Orthodox monk.

Russian service
Owing to Rákóczi's War of Independence (1703–1711), the position of Serbian militiamen in the Military Frontier of the Habsburg monarchy was endangered. In 1704 the first Serbian attempts were made to offer their services to Imperial Russia in the latter's struggle against the Ottomans. Prior to the beginning of the Russo-Turkish War (1710–11) Russian Emperor Peter the Great invited Serbian militiamen and Serbs in general to join the Russian forces.

Albanez travelled to St. Petersburg with a Montenegrin delegation that was sent in 1711 together with vojvoda Slavuj Đaković, the third delegation sent to Russia by metropolitan Danilo. Albanez became a captain of a small Serb unit that took part in the Pruth River Campaign (1710–11), where he distinguished himself. He became known by the pseudonym Albanez. Russian captain Ivan Lukačević and colonel Mikhail Miloradovich (grandfather of Mikhail Miloradovich), both of Serb origin, were sent to Montenegro to deliver documents issued by emperor Peter the Great (and written by diplomat Sava Vladislavich, another Serb in Russian service) on 3 March 1711 that called the Balkan Orthodox to rise up against the Ottomans during the Pruth River Campaign. Miloradović and Lukačević arrived at Cetinje and delivered them to metropolitan Danilo, who had them read at a Montenegrin church assembly. This was the first Russian delegation to Montenegro. Danilo, Miloradović and Lukačević then organized military operations (such as the attack on Nikšić). These Serbs in Russian service provided the Russian state with valuable information on political and social matters and the status of Serbs in the Ottoman Empire (primarily those of Old Montenegro, Brda and Old Herzegovina).

Peter the Great eventually decided to expand this Serb unit and turn it into a separate Serbian regiment. In 1723 Peter the Great sent Albanez to the Pomorišje and Potisje regions of the Military Frontier of the Habsburg monarchy to recruit additional Serbian militiamen. The invitation letter carried by Albanez was signed by Peter the Great on 23 October 1723. Every military man who emigrated to Russia with his wife and children would be granted arable land, while those who emigrated with larger numbers of people were promised additional privileges. Albanez was quite successful with recruitment. On 5 May 1724, Albanez reported from the Habsburg Kingdom of Serbia that he had recruited ten officers, including one colonel. According to some sources, 459 Serbs emigrated to Russia in 1724, and 600 in 1725. A detailed list of the military unit commanded by Albanez was made in 1726. They formed a small military unit commanded by Albanez and referred to as the Serb Command. In 1727 Albanez was appointed the first commander of the newly established Serb Hussar Regiment.

See also
 Rajko Depreradović
 Jovan Šević
 Jovan Horvat
 Andrei Miloradovich
 Nikolay Depreradovich
 Ivan Adamovich
 Avram Ratkov
 Nikolay Bogdanov
 Ilya Duka
 Ivan Shevich
 Simeon Končarević
 Pavle Julinac
 Peter Tekeli
 Ivan Lukačević
 Simeon Piščević
 Semyon Zorich
 Georgi Emmanuel
 Mikhail Miloradovich
 Anto Gvozdenović

References

Sources

External links

Year of birth unknown
18th-century Serbian people
Serbian military leaders
Imperial Russian Army generals
Slavo-Serbia
People from the Russian Empire of Serbian descent
Russian people of Serbian descent
1732 deaths
Habsburg Serbs
Emigrants from the Ottoman Empire to the Russian Empire
18th-century people from the Russian Empire
Serbs of Montenegro


title: Rouse Simmons (Wisconsin politician)

text:
Rouse Simmons (September 10, 1832 – September 10, 1897) was an American politician and businessman.

Background
Born in Marcy, New York, Simmons moved to Kenosha, Wisconsin in 1849. He was a merchant and was in the insurance and real estate business. His brother was Zalmon G. Simmons. Simmons served on the Kenosha County, Wisconsin Board of Supervisors. In 1875, Simmons served in the Wisconsin State Assembly as a Republican. He died in Kenosha, Wisconsin.

Legacy
The schooner Rouse Simmons was named after Simmons.

Notes

1832 births
1897 deaths
People from Oneida County, New York
Politicians from Kenosha, Wisconsin
Businesspeople from Wisconsin
County supervisors in Wisconsin
Republican Party members of the Wisconsin State Assembly
19th-century American politicians
19th-century American businesspeople


title: Leadcore Technology

text:
Leadcore Technology is a Chinese fabless semiconductor company that provides system-on-chip solutions for smartphones and tablets, specializing in the TD-SCDMA and TD-LTE network standards used in China and in other countries.

According to DigiTimes, in Q2 2014 Leadcore was the sixth-largest supplier of smartphone application processors in China with a market share of 3%  of all units, which represents unit shipments of about 3 million.

On May 26, 2017, Qualcomm (China) Holdings Co., Ltd., Beijing Jianguang Asset Management Co., Ltd., Leadcore Technology Co., Ltd. and Beijing Zhilu Asset Management Co., Ltd. jointly signed an agreement to establish a joint venture company - Lingsheng Technology (Guizhou) Ltd. (JLQ Technology). The joint venture will focus on the smartphone chipset business in China.

Product list

Smartphone/tablet processors

The LC1810/1811 are an older generation platform supporting the Android 4.0 platform. For the camera interface, LC1810 has a 20M pixels ISP, the LC1811 an 8M pixels ISP.

The LC1813/1913 were released in 2013 and support Android 4.3. Both chips have a 13M pixels ISP. The LC1913 tablet processor has USB-OTG support as an extra feature.

The LC1860 and LC1960 with hexa-core CPU and LTE support were announced in 2014 and support Android 4.4. The LC1860 has a 20M pixels ISP. The LC1860C is a lower-end version of the LC1860 with quad-core CPU, lower GPU speed, single-channel memory interface and a 13M pixels ISP.

The company also offers feature phone processors, including the LC1712, manufactured at 55 nm, and the 65 nm L1808B.

See also

 Allwinner Technology
 HiSilicon
 InfoTM
 MediaTek
 Nufront
 Qualcomm
 Rockchip
 Spreadtrum

References

External links

Companies based in Shanghai
Chinese brands
Fabless semiconductor companies
System on a chip
Semiconductor companies of China


title: Ceratophyllus

text:
Ceratophyllus is a widespread genus of fleas found in temperate climates. Some of its members include the chicken flea, Ceratophyllus gallinae, and the poultry flea, Ceratophyllus niger.

Species

 Ceratophyllus adustus Jordan, 1932
 Ceratophyllus affinis Nordberg, 1935
 Ceratophyllus altus Tipton et Mendez, 1966
 Ceratophyllus arcuegens Holland, 1952
 Ceratophyllus avicitelli Ioff, 1946
 Ceratophyllus borealis Rothschild, 1907
 Ceratophyllus breviprojectus Liu, Wu et Wu, 1966
 Ceratophyllus calderwoodi Holland, 1979
 Ceratophyllus caliotes Jordan, 1937
 Ceratophyllus celsus Jordan, 1926
 Ceratophyllus chasteli Beaucournu, Monnat et Launay, 1982
 Ceratophyllus chutsaensis Liu Lienchu et Wu Houyong, 1962
 Ceratophyllus ciliatus Baker, 1904
 Ceratophyllus coahuilensis Eads, 1956
 Ceratophyllus columbae Gervais, 1844
 Ceratophyllus delichoni Nordberg, 1935
 Ceratophyllus diffinis Jordan, 1925
 Ceratophyllus enefdeae Ioff, 1950
 Ceratophyllus farreni Rothschild, 1905
 Ceratophyllus fionnus Usher, 1968
 Ceratophyllus frigoris Darskaya, 1950
 Ceratophyllus fringillae Walker, 1856
 Ceratophyllus gallinae (Schrank, 1803)
 Ceratophyllus garei Rothschild, 1902
 Ceratophyllus gilvus Jordan et Rothschild, 1922
 Ceratophyllus hagoromo Jameson et Sakaguti, 1959
 Ceratophyllus hirundinis Curtis, 1826
 Ceratophyllus idius Jordan et Rothschild, 1922
 Ceratophyllus igii Darskaya et Shiranovich, 1971
 Ceratophyllus lari Holland, 1951
 Ceratophyllus liae Wu Wenzhen et Li Chao, 1990
 Ceratophyllus lunatus Jordan et Rothschild, 1920
 Ceratophyllus maculatus Wagner, 1927
 Ceratophyllus nanshanensis Tsai Liyuen, Pan Fenchun et Liu Chuan, 1980
 Ceratophyllus niger Fox, 1908
 Ceratophyllus olsufjevi Scalon et Violovich, 1961
 Ceratophyllus orites Jordan, 1937
 Ceratophyllus pelecani Augustson, 1932
 Ceratophyllus petrochelidoni Wagner, 1936
 Ceratophyllus phrillinae Smit, 1976
 Ceratophyllus picatilis Cai Liyun et Wu Wenzhen, 1988
 Ceratophyllus pullatus Jordan et Rothschild, 1920
 Ceratophyllus qinghaiensis Zhang Guangdeng et Ma Liming, 1985
 Ceratophyllus rauschi Holland, 1960
 Ceratophyllus rossittensis Dampf, 1913
 Ceratophyllus rusticus Wagner, 1903
 Ceratophyllus sclerapicalis Tsai Liyuen, Wu Wenching et Liu Chiying, 1974
 Ceratophyllus scopulorum Holland, 1952
 Ceratophyllus sinicus Jordan, 1932
 Ceratophyllus spinosus Wagner, 1903
 Ceratophyllus styx Rothschild, 1900
 Ceratophyllus titicacensis Boheman, 1866
 Ceratophyllus tribulis Jordan, 1926
 Ceratophyllus vagabundus Jordan, 1926
 Ceratophyllus wui Wang et Liu, 1996
 Ceratophyllus zhovtyi Emel'yanova et Goncharov, 1966

References

Ceratophyllidae
Parasites of birds
Siphonaptera genera


title: Stenurus

text:
Stenurus is a genus of nematode that infects the respiratory system and sinuses of cetaceans, which includes whales, dolphins, and porpoises. Up to 1700 worms may be found in a single host.

Species
There are 9 species:
Stenurus arctomarinus Delyamure & Kleinenberg, 1958
Stenurus auditivus Hsu & Hoeppli, 1933
Stenurus australis Sarmiento & Tantalean, 1991
Stenurus globicephalae Baylis & Daubney, 1925
Stenurus minor (Kuhn, 1829) Baylis & Daubney, 1925
Stenurus nanjingensis Tao, 1983
Stenurus ovatus (von Linstow, 1910) Baylis & Daubney, 1925
Stenurus truei Machida, 1974
Stenurus yamagutii Kuramochi, Araki & Machida, 1990

Formerly accepted species
Stenurus alatus Leuckart, 1848) Yorke & Maplestone, 1926 accepted as Pharurus alatus (Leuckart, 1848) Stiles & Hassall, 1905 (Superseded combination)
Stenurus arcticus (Cobb, 1888) Baylis & Daubney, 1925 accepted as Pharurus pallasii (Van Beneden, 1870) Arnold & Gaskin, 1975 (Synonym)
Stenurus inflexus (Rudolphi, 1808) Dujardin, 1845 accepted as Pseudalius inflexus (Rudolphi, 1808) Schneider, 1866 (Superseded combination)
Stenurus pallasii (van Beneden, 1870) accepted as Pharurus pallasii (Van Beneden, 1870) Arnold & Gaskin, 1975 (Superseded combination)
Stenurus phocoenae Dougherty, 1943 accepted as Stenurus minor (Kuhn, 1829) Baylis & Daubney, 1925 (Synonym)
Stenurus vagans (Eschricht, 1841) Dougherty, 1943 accepted as Stenurus minor (Kuhn, 1829) Baylis & Daubney, 1925 (Synonym)

References

Parasitic nematodes of vertebrates
Strongylida


title: Panangipalli Venugopal

text:
Panangipalli Venugopal is an Indian Cardiovascular surgeon and hospital administrator from Rajahmundry, Andhra Pradesh, India who is widely regarded as a pioneer in cardiac surgery. The Government of India honored him, in 1998, with the Padma Bhushan, the third highest civilian award, for his services to the field of Medicine.

Life sketch
Venogopal was born at Rajahmundry, Madras Presidency, British India (present-day Andhra Pradesh), on 6 July 1942. He enrolled at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, in 1959 to secure his MBBS and continued his higher education at the institute itself. His first post graduate degree was the Master of Surgery (MS) which was followed by MCh in cardiovascular thoracic surgery, which he passed with honors.

In 1970–71, subsequent to his specialization, he joined the Faculty of AIIMS. the major part of his career was spent at AIIMS where he rose progressively, serving as the professor, the head of the department and then the dean, before reaching the post of the director, the highest academic position on offer at AIIMS, on 1 July 2003.

Soon after joining AIIMS, Venugopal participated in two advanced training programs, an adult Open Heart Surgery training under Denton Cooley at the Texas Heart Institute and paediatric open heart surgery under S. Subramanian, at the Children's Hospital, Buffalo, New York following which he launched the open heart surgery clinic at AIIMS, under the guidance of Professor N. Gopinath, in 1974. This was followed by the establishment of the Cardiothoracic Sciences Centre, where he performed the first heart transplantation in India on 3 August 1994 and, later, for the first time in Asia, the implantation of the Left Ventricular Assist Device

After retirement from AIIMS, Venugopal, moved to the Alchemist Institute of Medical Sciences, in Gurgaon, Haryana as the head of the Cardithoracic department. He got married at the age of 55 and has a daughter.

Achievements

Venugopal has pioneered heart transplant surgery in India, having performed the first successful heart transplant in the country, the count now standing at 26 transplants. He performed the first implantation of left ventricular assist device, lasting for more than 90 days, in Asia. He introduced the stem cell therapy, for the first time in India, by the deployment of autologous stem cell implantation for repairing the myocardium as an alternative to transplantation, which he did on 26 patients. He pioneered the stem cell implantation procedure in pancreas for the treatment of Type II Diabetes. On the prolificacy of Venugopal, media reports are in general agreement of his involvement in the performance of over 50,000 open heart and 12,000 closed heart surgeries. He has been a recognized trainer, too, with more than 100 cardio-thoracic surgeons around the world, trained under him.

On the administrative front, he, along with N. Gopinath, started the open heart surgery in AIIMS. He was also behind the setting up of the Cardiothoracic Sciences Centre, which later became the venue of the first hear transplant surgery in India and the first Left Ventricular Assist Device implantation in Asia. The centre now handles around 3500 open heart surgical procedures annually.

First heart transplant
The Organ Transplant Bill 1994 was passed in the Indian Parliament in May 1994 which legalized the organ transplants in India. The Bill was on the Table of the President of India for final approval when Venugopal led a team of doctors to perform the first successful on 3 August 1994. This was the first of the 26 heart transplant procedures performed by Venugopal.

Controversies

In the fag end of 2005 and at the beginning of 2006, about 200 faculty members, including 25 department heads, of AIIMS submitted their disapproval of Venugopal's way of functioning to the Union Minister of Health and Family Welfare of the Government of India. The protest intensified when, a batch of students marched to the office of the Director, resulting in the suspension of 6 of them, an act which had no precedent in the institute. The main argument of the faculty and the students that the hike in charges implemented by the Director went against the mandate of AIIMS.

Further, the grouse of the faculty was also aimed at the appointment of Venugopal, at the age of 61 and already past the retirement age, as the Director of the institute, with a clause to retain him for the next 5 years and until further orders. The move was reported to have shut out the chances of 6 senior faculty members. They were also against the Director holding two posts of the Head of the Cardiovascular Sciences Centre and the Head of Cardothoracic and Vascular Surgery as the posts required full-time attention.
On 29 November 2007, Professor venugopal was removed in favor of Prof. T D Dogra, an authority on Forensic Medicine., by an order from the Union Minister of Health and Family Welfare, Anbumani Ramadoss, the reason reported to be Venugopal's open criticism of the Union Government.

The Health and Family Welfare ministry, it was reported, was not happy with Venugopal's handling of the quota issue where the Government planned to reserve 50 per cent of the university seats for the socially under-privileged, a move Venugopal was said to have countered using student sentiments. He moved to the Supreme Court and was reinstated for a period 45 days in summer vacation of 2008 before his retirement.

The Ministry had appointed M. S. Valiathan, the noted cardiothoracic surgeon, to report on the functioning of AIIMS and make recommendations on improvements. Venugopal was reported to be unhappy about the Ministry's intervention in the functioning of AIIMS and contested the termination at the Supreme Court of India, by way of a writ petition, on which the Court passed an interim order on 7 July 2006, staying the termination, till the validity of the decision was assessed. After a protracted legal battle, the Supreme Court, reinstated Venugopal, on 8 April 2008., terming the Government act as malafide and unconstitutional.

Positions
 Professor - All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
 Head of the Department - All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
 Chief - All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
 Dean - All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
 Director - All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
 Member - Advisory Panel of Experts for Quality Assurances in Health Care - Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India

Awards and recognitions

Academic recognitions
 Gold Medal for the Best Undergraduate - All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi - 1963
 Gold Medal for the Merit of First Order - All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi - 1967
 Honoris Causa Doctor of Science (DSc) - Dr. NTR University of Health Sciences
 Honoris Causa Doctor of Science (DSc) - Rajasthan University of Health Sciences

Social recognitions
 Padma Bhushan - Government of India - 1998
 Dr. B. C. Roy Award
 All India Institute of Medical Sciences Lifetime Award for service of humanity - 2014
 Sivananda Eminent Citizen Award - Sanathana Dharma Charitable Trust - 2010
 Indira Priyadarsini Award - 1994
 Goyal Prize - Kurukshetra University - 1994
 Vijay Ratna Award - India International Friendship Society - 1994
 Award of Excellence - Rajiv Gandhi Foundation - 1994
 Dr. N. C. Joshi Memorial Oration Award - 1995
 Dr. Jal R. Vakil Memorial Award - 1996
 Dr. Pinnamaneni and Mrs Sithadevi Award - 1997
 Rashtra Ratan Award - Vishwa Jagriti Mission, Yuva Manch - 2000
 Dhanvantari Award - Dhanvantari Medical Foundation, Mumbai - 2010
 Life Time Achievement Award - Heart Care Foundation, Kochi - 2010
 Great Achiever of India Award - 1994
 Manav Sewa Award - 1994
 Shresht Shree Award
 Dr. K. Sarom Cardiology Excellence Award
 Ratna Shiromani Award

Writings
Personal memoirs, 'Heartfelt: A Cardiac Surgeon's Pioneering Journey'  published by HarperCollins,  2023. Co-authored by Priya Sarkar.

See also

 Heart transplant surgery
 All India Institute of Medical Sciences
 Stem cell therapy

References

^ https://www.firstpost.com/india/keep-the-student-in-you-alive-says-pm-modi-at-aiims-convocation-1765779.html

External links
 Reference on Cardio Thoracic Surgery Network
 Reference on Sehat
 List of publications on Microsoft Academic Search
 Write up on Tehelka
 Interview on Express Healthcare
 Reference on Biographical Dictionary of Indian Scientists
 Interview on legal battle

1942 births
Living people
Recipients of the Padma Bhushan in medicine
Indian cardiac surgeons
Academic staff of the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
Dr. B. C. Roy Award winners
Medical doctors from Rajahmundry
20th-century Indian medical doctors
20th-century surgeons
Directors of the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi


title: Vanessa Hayes

text:
Vanessa Hayes is a geneticist conducting research into cancer genomics and comparative human genomics. She leads a research group at the Garvan Institute of Medical Research in Sydney Australia and holds the Petre Chair of Prostate Cancer Research at the University of Sydney.

Early life and education
Hayes was born in Cape Town, South Africa. She undertook BSc and Masters education at Stellenbosch University In 1999 she completed PhD studies in cancer genetics at the University of Groningen, Netherlands.

Career
Hayes' first research position was at Stellenbosch University, investigating genetic susceptibility to HIV/AIDS. Her work identified the lack of knowledge about African gene variants that hindered pharmacogenomics research, including into the efficacy of HIV treatments.

In 2003 Hayes moved to Sydney, Australia, to lead research into cancer genetics at the Garvan Institute of Medical Research. She subsequently joined the Children's Cancer Institute of Australia (CCIA)

In 2009 Hayes was awarded a Fulbright professional scholarship to develop her expertise in genome analysis at Penn State University, with the intention of establishing a cancer genome research program focusing on prostate cancer, at the newly established UNSW Lowy Cancer Research Centre.

While at the CCIA, Hayes worked on the South African Genome Project with researchers from the University of New South Wales and Penn State University in the US to compile the genome sequences of southern Africans, including Archbishop Desmond Tutu. Until this research, most human genome sequences had been derived from people of European origin. Hayes and her collaborators revealed in 2010 that the genetic diversity among people in southern Africa is greater than among other populations worldwide.

In 2010 Hayes joined the J. Craig Venter Institute in San Diego, California, USA, where she continued her research into human genetic diversity. That year she began leading a study sequencing DNA from a skeleton of an African hunter gatherer from around 315 BC found in St Helena Bay in South Africa.  The DNA identified the skeleton as being from a man who was part of a previously unknown branch of the human family tree that diverged from the common lineage shared by all humans alive today.  The study highlighted the significance of southern African archaeological remains in defining human origins and was published in the journal Genome Biology and Evolution in 2014.

In 2011 Hayes was part of a research team that released details of Tasmanian devil population genetics, part of the research efforts towards understanding the devil facial tumour disease

Hayes's research also includes the study of prostate cancer genetics. One aspect has been investigating the genetic causes of aggressive prostate cancer that is seen in men of African ancestry

Since January 2014, Hayes has held the Petre Chair of Prostate Cancer Research at the University of Sydney.

Media appearances
On Tuesday 23 February 2016 ABC broadcast an episode of Catalyst entitled 'Out of Africa' which explored Hayes's comparative genomics work in southern Africa.

On Tuesday 23 October 2017, Hayes appeared on SBS Insight's “DNA Surprises” episode which dealt with the complex issues around ancestry testing through online companies, and particularly the unexpected information ancestry testing can uncover.

Awards and recognition
2006 – BNP Paribas Award for Cancer Genetics
2007 – The Australian Young Tall Poppy Award for Science
2007 – The NSW Premier's Award for Outstanding Cancer Research Fellow
2008 – Ruth Stephens Gani Medal for Human Genetics, Australian Academy of Science
2009 – Fulbright professional scholarship
2013 – Celebration of African Australians Inc Award

References

Stellenbosch University alumni
Australian women scientists
Australian scientists
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Australian medical researchers
Scientists from Cape Town
University of Groningen alumni
Garvan Institute of Medical Research alumni


title: List of electrophones by Hornbostel–Sachs number

text:
The Hornbostel–Sachs system of musical instrument classification groups all instruments which make sound primarily by way of electrically driven oscillators. Though Sachs divided the category of electrophones into three distinct subcategories, specifying these three as:
51 = electrically actuated acoustic instruments,
52 = electrically amplified acoustic instruments, and
53 = instruments in which make sound primarily by way of electrically driven oscillators,
In the present day only instruments belonging to this last subcategory are considered "electronic musical instruments."

List

ANS synthesizer
Chamberlin
Mellotron
Clavioline
Croix Sonore
Electronde
Electronic drum
Electronic keyboard
Hammond organ
Moog modular synthesizer
Novachord
Ondes Martenot
Therevox
Ondioline
Oramics
Radiodrum
Spharophon
Stylophone
Synthesizer
Analog synthesizer
Digital synthesizer
Telharmonium
Theremin
Electro-Theremin
Trautonium

Sees also
List of classic synthesizers
List of Hammond organs

Electronic musical instruments
Electronic


title: Quaesitor

text:
The quaesitor () was a Late Roman/Byzantine police official of Constantinople, specifically a magistrate, responsible for controlling the flow of legal and illegal immigration into the capital city of Byzantium. The office of the quaesitor was first established in 539 through the Novella 80 of Emperor Justinian I (r. 527–565), designed to deal with the arrival of unemployed people to Constantinople living as criminals or beggars. One of his functions was to investigate people passing through Constantinople by determining their names, origins, and reasons for being in the city. Furthermore, the quaesitor had the authority to deal with unemployed persons by forcing the physically fit among the unemployed to work in a public industry such as a bakery (if an unemployed person refused to work, he would be expelled from Constantinople). The quaesitor was also granted judicial functions whereby his court dealt with certain types of crimes such as forgery.

References

Sources

Byzantine officials
Administration of Constantinople
Justinian I


title: Ronnie Taylor (scriptwriter)

text:
Ronnie Taylor (28 June 1921 – 9 September 1979) was an English television and radio comedy scriptwriter, producer and director.

Early life
Born in Leigh, Lancashire (now Greater Manchester), Taylor left school at 14 to join his family's firm of insurance brokers. He taught himself to play the piano and guitar and became involved with amateur dramatics/musicals. He formed a vocal group and wrote sketches and songs and became a founder member of "The Kordites".  In 1941, he joined RAF Signals and served in North Africa and Italy where he also wrote and produced service entertainment.

BBC
After the war he was auditioned at BBC Manchester by Bowker Andrews, producer, and initially mistaken as the tuner for the studio Bechstein piano. He was offered a 13-week job writing continuity for Gracie Fields. Fields introduced Taylor to her protégé variety performer Norman Evans and Taylor was contracted to write the radio series Over the Garden Wall, for which Evans is best remembered. He wrote radio series for 'Old Mother Riley' (Arthur Lucan and Kitty McShane) and worked with comedians Jimmy James, Robb Wilton, Dave Morris and Albert Modley.

In 1950, he began his long association with Al Read and the BBC Radio series Variety Fanfare (1950-1952) recorded at Hulme Hippodrome which showcased new comedy talent including Ken Platt, Morecambe and Wise and Ken Dodd.

In 1951, Taylor was appointed as a producer with BBC North Region Variety following the death of Bowker Andrews, including producing Variety Fanfare.

In 1952, Taylor trained as a television director at BBC's Lime Grove Studios, and brought Home James with Jimmy James and Club Night with Dave Morris/Variety Northern Showground to TV.

Freelance and ABC TV

In 1959, he began Taylor-Vision, TV and Radio Production Company and in 1960 Taylor produced the British version of  Candid Camera. He began a 19-year relationship as writer for Harry Worth through series with BBC Manchester and London and Thames Television.

In 1961, Taylor was appointed Supervisor of Light Entertainment at ABC, working with Jimmy Clitheroe and Al Read and on programmes, Blackpool Night Out and Comedy Bandbox. While there he helped establish the ABC Television Orchestra with Bob Sharples and Johnny Roadhouse.

Freelance in London and ATV

In 1962, Taylor began to work in London continuing as a writer for Harry Worth. He was writer for the Val Doonican series and wrote words and music routines for Cilla, an early Cilla Black television series.

In the 1970s, he wrote for ATV. This period included his work on the sitcom My Good Woman with Leslie Crowther and Sylvia Syms, It's All in Life for Al Read, Cilla's Comedy Six and Cilla's World of Comedy (winner of Pye Comedy Award) for Cilla Black, Big Boy Now, another series for Leslie Crowther, this time with Fabia Drake, and A Sharp Intake of Breath, which features David Jason and Richard Wilson. As producer he supervised The Masterspy game show with William Franklyn. He was also Comedy Consultant for ATV throughout the 1970s.

Archive

In 2014, Taylor's collection of scripts, recordings, documents, photographs and letters were donated to The Victoria and Albert Museum, Theatre and Performance Collection, London by Irene, Susan and Diane Taylor.

References

External links

http://www.comedy.co.uk/guide/radio/youre_only_young_once

English radio writers
1921 births
1979 deaths
English television writers
English television directors
English television producers


title: San Luis Somos Todos

text:
San Luis Somos Todos () is a continental cycling team based in Argentina that participates in UCI Continental Circuits races. The team was founded in 2012.

The disbanded at the end of the 2016 season.

Roster

Major wins

2012
Stage 2 Vuelta a Bolivia, Leandro Messineo
Stage 9a Vuelta a Bolivia, Daniel Díaz
2013
 Time Trial Championships, Leandro Messineo
Overall Tour de San Luis, Daniel Díaz
Stage 5, Emanuel Guevara
Stage 3 Vuelta a Bolivia, TTT
Stage 4 Vuelta a Bolivia, Jorge Giacinti
2014
 Road Race Championships, Daniel Díaz
2015
 Road Race Championships, Daniel Juarez
Stages 6 & 7 Vuelta a Costa Rica,  Mauro Richeze
2016
Stage 8 Vuelta a la Independencia Nacional, Mauro Richeze

References

UCI Continental Teams (America)
Cycling teams based in Argentina
Cycling teams established in 2012


title: 2014 Six-red World Championship

text:
The 2014 Six-red World Championship (often styled the 2014 SangSom 6-red World Championship for sponsorship and marketing purposes) was a six-red snooker tournament held between 1 and 6 September 2014 at the Montien Riverside Hotel in Bangkok, Thailand.

Mark Selby was to take part in the tournament, but he was replaced by Andrew Pagett due to a stomach bug.

Mark Davis was the defending champion, but lost 2–6 against Kritsanut Lertsattayathorn in the last 16.

Stephen Maguire won in the final 8–7 against Ricky Walden.

Prize money
The breakdown of prize money for this year is shown below:
 Winner: 2,500,000 baht
 Runner-up: 1,000,000 baht
 Semi-finalists: 500,000 baht
 Quarter-finalists: 250,000 baht
 Last 16: 125,000 baht
 Last 32: 62,500 baht
 Group stage: 31,250 baht
 Total: 8,000,000 baht

Round-robin stage
The top four players from each group qualified for the knock-out stage. All matches were best of 9 frames.

Group A

 Ben Judge 5–2 Ratchayothin Yotharuck
 Dominic Dale 5–3 Ken Doherty
 Mark Davis 5–3 Ratchayothin Yotharuck
 Ben Judge 5–1 Thor Chuan Leong
 Mark Davis 3–5 Ken Doherty
 Thor Chuan Leong 1–5 Ratchayothin Yotharuck
 Ken Doherty 5–4 Ben Judge
 Dominic Dale 5–0 Ratchayothin Yotharuck
 Mark Davis 5–1 Ben Judge
 Dominic Dale 5–0 Thor Chuan Leong
 Mark Davis 5–0 Thor Chuan Leong
 Dominic Dale 5–0 Ben Judge
 Ken Doherty 5–1 Thor Chuan Leong
 Mark Davis 1–5 Dominic Dale
 Ken Doherty 5–1 Ratchayothin Yotharuck

Group B

 Hossein Vafaei 5–1 Hung Chuang Ming
 Michael White 5–4 Noppon Saengkham
 Michael Holt 5–2 Hung Chuang Ming
 Andrew Pagett 1–5 Noppon Saengkham
 Michael White 3–5 Hossein Vafaei
 Hung Chuang Ming 4–5 Noppon Saengkham
 Andrew Pagett 3–5 Michael White
 Michael Holt 5–4 Noppon Saengkham
 Andrew Pagett 4–5 Hossein Vafaei
 Michael Holt 5–2 Michael White
 Andrew Pagett 5–0 Hung Chuang Ming
 Michael Holt 1–5 Hossein Vafaei
 Michael White 5–0 Hung Chuang Ming
 Andrew Pagett 4–5 Michael Holt
 Hossein Vafaei 3–5 Noppon Saengkham

Group C

 Mohsen Bukshaisha 5–3 Ehsan Heidarinejad
 Jimmy White 5–3 Boonyarit Keattikun
 Ryan Day 5–3 Ehsan Heidarinejad
 Mohsen Bukshaisha 5–4 Boonyarit Keattikun
 Barry Hawkins 5–2 Jimmy White
 Ehsan Heidarinejad 4–5 Boonyarit Keattikun
 Ryan Day 5–1 Jimmy White
 Barry Hawkins 2–5 Boonyarit Keattikun
 Jimmy White 5–3 Mohsen Bukshaisha
 Barry Hawkins 3–5 Ryan Day
 Barry Hawkins 4–5 Ehsan Heidarinejad
 Ryan Day 5–1 Mohsen Bukshaisha
 Jimmy White 2–5 Ehsan Heidarinejad
 Barry Hawkins 5–4 Mohsen Bukshaisha
 Ryan Day 2–5 Boonyarit Keattikun

Group D

 Shivam Arora 0–5 Amir Sarkhosh
 Shaun Murphy 5–2 Shachar Ruberg
 Shivam Arora 3–5 Thepchaiya Un-Nooh
 Robert Milkins 3–5 Amir Sarkhosh
 Shaun Murphy 3–5 Thepchaiya Un-Nooh
 Amir Sarkhosh 2–5 Thepchaiya Un-Nooh
 Shachar Ruberg 5–4 Shivam Arora
 Robert Milkins 5–3 Thepchaiya Un-Nooh
 Shaun Murphy 5–0 Shivam Arora
 Robert Milkins 4–5 Shachar Ruberg
 Shaun Murphy 5–2 Amir Sarkhosh
 Robert Milkins 5–1 Shivam Arora
 Shachar Ruberg 1–5 Thepchaiya Un-Nooh
 Shaun Murphy 5–4 Robert Milkins
 Shachar Ruberg 5–0 Amir Sarkhosh

Group E

 Steven Donohoe 2–5 Kamal Chawla
 Alex Borg 4–5 James Wattana
 Matthew Stevens 5–2 Kamal Chawla
 Steven Donohoe 2–5 James Wattana
 Ricky Walden 5–1 Alex Borg
 Alex Borg 5–3 Steven Donohoe
 Matthew Stevens 5–1 James Wattana
 Ricky Walden 4–5 Kamal Chawla
 Matthew Stevens 5–0 Alex Borg
 Ricky Walden 5–2 James Wattana
 Matthew Stevens 5–0 Steven Donohoe
 Alex Borg 4–5 Kamal Chawla
 Ricky Walden 5–0 Steven Donohoe
 Kamal Chawla 3–5 James Wattana
 Ricky Walden 5–1 Matthew StevensGroup F

 Adrian Ridley 5–0 Chaouki Yousfi
 Jamie Clarke 5–3 Kritsanut Lertsattayathorn
 Mark Williams 5–0 Chaouki Yousfi
 Adrian Ridley 1–5 Kritsanut Lertsattayathorn John Higgins 5–4 Jamie Clarke
 John Higgins 3–5 Adrian Ridley Chaouki Yousfi 1–5 Kritsanut Lertsattayathorn Mark Williams 5–3 Jamie Clarke
 John Higgins 5–2 Kritsanut Lertsattayathorn
 Mark Williams 5–2 Adrian Ridley
 John Higgins 5–2 Chaouki Yousfi
 Mark Williams 5–3 Kritsanut Lertsattayathorn
 Jamie Clarke 5–2 Chaouki Yousfi
 John Higgins 5–4 Mark Williams
 Jamie Clarke 5–1 Adrian Ridley

Group G

 Gareth Allen 5–4 Muhammad Asif
 Stuart Bingham 5–2 Graeme Dott
 Andreas Ploner 1–5 Dechawat Poomjaeng Graeme Dott 5–1 Muhammad Asif
 Stuart Bingham 5–1 Andreas Ploner
 Muhammad Asif 2–5 Dechawat Poomjaeng Andreas Ploner 5–3 Gareth Allen
 Graeme Dott 5–3 Dechawat Poomjaeng
 Stuart Bingham 5–3 Gareth Allen
 Graeme Dott 5–1 Andreas Ploner
 Stuart Bingham 5–4 Muhammad Asif
 Gareth Allen 2–5 Dechawat Poomjaeng Andreas Ploner 2–5 Muhammad Asif Graeme Dott 5–2 Gareth Allen
 Stuart Bingham 5–2 Dechawat Poomjaeng

Group H

 Kacper Filipiak 5–0 Ahmed Galal
 Liang Wenbo 5–1 Thanawat Thirapongpaiboon
 Joe Perry 5–3 Ahmed Galal
 Kacper Filipiak 5–2 Thanawat Thirapongpaiboon
 Stephen Maguire 3–5 Liang Wenbo Stephen Maguire 5–1 Ahmed Galal
 Liang Wenbo 5–0 Kacper Filipiak
 Joe Perry 4–5 Thanawat Thirapongpaiboon Stephen Maguire 5–0 Kacper Filipiak
 Joe Perry 5–4 Liang Wenbo
 Ahmed Galal 3–5 Thanawat Thirapongpaiboon Joe Perry 5–1 Kacper Filipiak
 Stephen Maguire 5–1 Thanawat Thirapongpaiboon
 Liang Wenbo 5–2 Ahmed Galal
 Stephen Maguire 5'–0 Joe Perry

Knockout stage

 Maximum breaks
(Note:'' A maximum break in six-red snooker is 75.)
 Muhammad Asif
 Ken Doherty
 John Higgins
 Kritsanut Lertsattayathorn
 Robert Milkins

References

External links

2014
2014 in Thai sport
2014 in snooker
September 2014 sports events in Asia


title: Vinay Sahasrabuddhe

text:
Vinay Prabhakar Sahasrabuddhe is an Indian politician. He was a Member of the Parliament of India and represented the state of Maharashtra in the Rajya Sabha from 2016-22. He has also served as National Vice President of Bharatiya Janata Party from August 2014 – September 2020. Dr. Sahasrabuddhe, since 2018 has been appointed as President of Indian Council for Cultural Relations. He is known as a political scholar and an occasional columnist. He is the Vice Chairman of Rambhau Mhalgi Prabodhini, a research and training academy for elected representatives & social activists.  As Member of Parliament (Rajya Sabha), he has also served as the Chairman of the Parliamentary Standing Committee on Education, Women, Children and Youth & Sports. He is regarded as one of the foremost intellectuals from the BJP, the ruling party in the Central Government and the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS), a Hindu Nationalist organization.

Early life and education

Dr. Sahasrabuddhe was born in a middle-class Marathi family on 10 November 1957 in Nashik. He started his schooling in Dhule, a native place of Sahasrabuddhes and later at Trimbak Vidya Mandir near Nashik. While in 4th standard, he gave a competitive examination and got selected for Government Public School, Nashik (Shaskiya Vidya Niketan).

In February 2009, Sahasrabuddhe was awarded a Ph.D. for his thesis, for his thesis "Political Parties as Victims of Populism and Electoral Compulsions: A Quest for Systemic Solutions", by the University of Mumbai.

Political career
He started his career in public life with Akhil Bharatiya Vidyarthi Parishad (ABVP), a student's organization ideologically connected with Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS). He worked as a full-time activist of ABVP during 1983 to 1985. He also served as ABVP's National Secretary between 1985 and 1987. In 1988, Sahasrabuddhe joined Rambhau Mhalgi Prabodhini(RMP) as its first principal functionary. Later he served the organisation as Director General between 2000 - 2016. For over 18 years, he was a Member of Senate of the University of Mumbai. He also served as Member of the Board of Governors of Sardar Patel Institute of Public Administration in Ahmedabad. In May 2002, he led a Goodwill Mission of Indian Voluntary Organisations to Afghanistan.

He is a senior BJP leader and behind the scene, he is considered as one of the key members of Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)'s think tank. When Nitin Gadkari was appointed as President of BJP in the year 2009, Sahasrabuddhe served as Gadkari's Political Advisor. Within BJP, he   initiated training programs for ministers from BJP-ruled states. In March 2012, his name was in news as one of the contenders for the Rajya Sabha nomination from the BJP for a seat vacated by BJP veteran late Balavant Apte. He was the member of BJP's Vision Document Committee for the 2014 Indian general election and later member of the manifesto committee in 2019. Vinay Sahasrabuddhe was also In-Charge of BJP, Madhya Pradesh. Dr. Sahasrabuddhe was also In-charge of BJP's Good Governance Department for a long time.

Literary works
Dr. Sahasrabuddhe co-authored a book called The Innovation Republic, outlining key Governance Innovations during the first tenure of Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi. He has also authored a book Beyond A Billion Ballots, which was first published on 27 June 2013 in Mumbai. The book also launched at New Delhi at the hands of Former Chief Election Commissioner of India Dr. SY Quraishi. He has been an occasional contributor to many English and Marathi language newspapers and weeklies. He has also authored few Books in Marathi language which includes Ekaki Purvanchal, a book on North-East states of India. In 1998, Sahasrabuddhe received the award for best literary work from the Government of Maharashtra for his co-edited work Nivadak Manoos, a book in Marathi language.

References

External links

 http://www.vinaysahasrabuddhe.in

Living people
1957 births
20th-century Indian essayists
Bharatiya Janata Party politicians from Maharashtra
Rajya Sabha members from Maharashtra
Marathi-language writers
Writers from Maharashtra


title: Jatun Sallica

text:
Jatun Sallica (possibly from Quechua hatun big, sallika rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis)) is a mountain in the  Vilcanota mountain range Andes of Peru, about  high. It is located in the Cusco Region, Canchis Province, San Pablo District, and in the Puno Region, Melgar Province, Nuñoa District. Jatun Sallica is situated south-west of the mountains Pomanota and Jatuncucho, south of the mountain Cochacucho and north-east of the mountain Hueco.

References

Mountains of Peru
Mountains of Cusco Region
Mountains of Puno Region


title: Ahudemmeh

text:
Ahudemmeh (, ) was the Grand Metropolitan of the East in the Syriac Orthodox Church from 559 until his execution in 575. He was known as the Apostle of the Arabs, and is commemorated as a saint by the Syriac Orthodox Church.

Biography

Early life
Ahudemmeh was born at Balad, northwest of Mosul and then part of the Sasanian Empire, to a dyophysite family, but became a non-Chalcedonian miaphysite upon reaching maturity and later became a monk. It was previously asserted that he was the bishop of Nineveh of the same name that had attended the synod of the dyophysite Patriarch Joseph of Seleucia-Ctesiphon in 554, but this has since been refuted. At some point, according to the Ecclesiastical History of John of Ephesus, Ahudemmeh and a number of bishops and priests were engaged in a dispute with Joseph and eventually a formal disputation was arranged by Shahanshah Khosrow I, who was to act as arbiter. The dispute may have resulted either from theological or personal differences. Ahudemmeh led his faction in the debate and argued in favour of miaphysitism, for which Khosrow deemed him to be the victor and granted freedom of worship and permission to build churches.

Grand Metropolitan of the East
In 559 (AG 870), he was ordained as bishop of Beth Arbaye and Grand Metropolitan of the East by a fellow miaphysite, Jacob Baradaeus, bishop of Edessa. Catholicos Christopher I of Armenia is attested to have ordained Ahudemmeh as bishop of Beth Arbaye by Bar Hebraeus in his Ecclesiastical History, however, this has since been disregarded due to the argument of François Nau. It is suggested that he may have already established himself at Tikrit by this time. Ahudemmeh's ordination as Grand Metropolitan of the East thereby cemented the schism within the Church of the East and established a separate miaphysite ecclesiastical organisation, later known as the Syriac Orthodox Church of the East, in opposition to the dyophysites, who remained the majority amongst Christians in the Sasanian Empire.

He then set about preaching miaphysite Christianity in the region of Beth Arbaye, which stretched from Tikrit in the south to Nisibis in the north, bound in the west by the Khabur and the Tigris in the east, and was inhabited by Arab tribes, the Tanukh, Banu Uqayl, and Tayy. Ahudemmeh travelled amongst the Arabs, during which time he is credited with a number of miracles, including the exorcism of a sheikh's daughter, expulsion of demons from places of worship, purification of lepers, and curing the sick. At the encampments of the nomadic Arabs, Ahudemmeh preached Christianity, performed baptisms, consecrated a priest and deacon for each community, and established churches named after clan leaders, thus encouraging their participation and leadership.

Ahudemmeh also constructed a monastery of Saint Sergius at ‘Ain Qena, in which he deposited some relics, and another monastery at Ga‘tani, near Qronta, a village opposite Tikrit. The monastery of Saint Sergius was built in imitation of the church of Saint Sergius at Resafa in Roman Syria with the intention of attracting Arab pilgrims away from the latter and offered support for travellers and the poor. It was identified as the ruins of Qasr Sarij, near Balad, by Jean Maurice Fiey in 1956, and its construction placed in 565 by David Oates. Ignatius Jacob III alternatively gives 570 as the year of the monastery's construction. Dyophysites set the monastery of Saint Sergius aflame, but it was rebuilt and restored by Khosrow.

Later life
He continued his missionary work amongst the Magi at Tikrit and converted a son of Khosrow, who adopted the name George upon his baptism by Ahudemmeh. For this, Ahudemmeh was imprisoned and eventually beheaded on Khosrow's orders on 2 August 575 (AG 886). His body was retrieved and moved to the monastery near Qronta by one of its monks and some of his relics were also later taken to a church dedicated to him at Tikrit. He was commemorated in a hagiography by an unknown author.  BHO #35 (page 9)

Works
Ahudemmeh is identified as the author of the same name of several philosophical works, including treatises on the definitions of logic, fate and predestination, the soul, man as a microcosm, and the composition of man’s
body and soul. He is also credited with a Syriac grammatical text, which was based on Greek grammar, attested by the monk John bar Zoʿbi at the end of the twelfth century and beginning of the thirteenth. However, the British scholar Sebastian Brock argues against this identification and suggests the authors of the philosophical and grammatical works to be separate individuals of merely the same name.

References
Notes

Citations

Bibliography

 Syrian Christian saints
6th-century executions
6th-century writers
6th-century Oriental Orthodox archbishops
People executed by the Sasanian Empire
Christians in the Sasanian Empire
575 deaths
6th-century births
Maphrians
6th-century Iranian people
Miracle workers
Syriac Orthodox Church saints
6th-century Syriac Orthodox Church bishops
Oriental Orthodox missionaries
People executed by Iran by decapitation
6th-century Christian martyrs
Christian martyrs executed by decapitation
Executed Iranian people


title: Serbian Hussar Regiment

text:
The Serbian Hussar Regiment was a military unit of the Russian Imperial Army which predominantly consisted of Serbian colonists to Russia. This cavalry unit was in service from 1723 to 1783.

Background
Due to Rákóczi's War of Independence (1703–1711), the position of Serbian militiamen in the Military Frontier of the Habsburg monarchy was endangered. In 1704 the first Serbian attempts were made to offer their services to the Russian Empire in the latter's struggle against the Ottomans. Before the beginning of the Russo-Turkish War (1710–11) Russian Emperor Peter the Great invited Serbian militiamen and Serbs in general to join the Russian forces. During this period, a small group of Serbs, including Jovan Albanez, emigrated to Russia. A small Serb unit commanded by then-Captain Albanez distinguished itself in the Pruth River Campaign (1710–11), so Peter the Great decided to expand this unit and turn it into a separate Serbian Hussar Regiment.

In 1723, Peter the Great sent Albanez to the Pomorišje and Potisje regions of the Military Frontier of the Habsburg monarchy to recruit additional Serbian militiamen. The invitation letter carried by Albanez was signed by Peter the Great on 23 October 1723. Every military men who emigrated to Russia with his wife and children would be granted arable land, while those who emigrated with larger numbers of people were promised additional privileges. Albanez was quite successful with recruitment. On 5 May 1724, Albanez reported from Serbia that he had recruited ten officers, including one colonel. According to some sources, 459 Serbs emigrated to Russia in 1724, and 600 in 1725. A detailed list of the military unit commanded by Albanez was made in 1726.

Establishment and command staff

In 1724, a military unit known as the Serb Command (), consisting of Serbian colonists, was established and put under the command of the Kiev garrison. Between 1724 and 1729, the Serbian Hussar Regiment was expanded and completed its organisational structure. In 1727 this military unit had 459 Serb hussars when it was established as a separate regiment, Serb Hussar Regiment, by the decision of Empress Anna. It was also known as the Old Serbian Hussar Regiment. Its first commander was Major Jovan Albanez; members of the command staff included Captain Jovan Stojanov, Captain Georgije Marjanović, Captain Teodor Petrov, and Lieutenant Stefan Vitković (later promoted to brigadier).

The large-scale recruitment of Serbs from Austria was opposed by Austria and only smaller groups of Serbs continued to emigrate to Russia and enlist to serve in this regiment. To reach the planned strength of the regiment, several hundred Ukrainian Cossacks were transferred to it.
The Serbian Hussar Regiment served as a role model for the establishment of three additional regiments  (Hungarian, Georgian, and Moldavian) in the 1740s and two more (Bulgarian and Macedonian) during the Seven Years' War.

Military engagements
Until 1734, the regiment did not have a permanent garrison, although it had been established with the primary intention of securing the Ukrainian front line. Between 1729 and 1731, the regiment was assigned to the Russian infantry corps in the southern provinces of Persia. In 1732 the regiment returned from Persia and from 1733 to 1734 participated in the War of the Polish Succession. When the regiment participated in the Russo-Swedish War (1741–1743), it numbered between 500 and 800 soldiers.

See also

 Jovan Albanez
 Jovan Šević

References

Military units and formations established in 1724
Military history of Serbia
Hussar regiments of the Russian Empire
People from the Russian Empire of Serbian descent
Russian military personnel of the Russo-Swedish War (1788–1790)
Russian military personnel of the Seven Years' War
Military units and formations of the Early Modern period
1724 establishments in the Russian Empire
Habsburg monarchy emigrants to the Russian Empire


title: Santa Maria Island Station

text:
Santa Maria Island Station (also known as SMA or Montes das Flores, Hill of Flowers) is an ESTRACK satellite ground station in the Azores,  from the town of Vila do Porto on the island of Santa Maria.

Station currently operates a 5.5m S-band antenna capable of receiving signals in the 2200-2300 MHz range, the first one in the ESTRACK network with launch tracking capability. It covers a large portion of the Atlantic ocean and during the Ariane 5 launches, it acquires signals until the upper stage engine cut-off. Future upgrades for SMA will include an X-band antenna working in the range of 8025-8400 MHz.

Construction of the station was completed in January 2008 under Ariane Development Programme in an agreement between ESA and the Portuguese government. A reason for building an additional station was tracking of the medium inclination Ariane 5 launches and upcoming Vega along with Soyuz from Guiana Space Centre. The first launch tracked by the newly built site was Ariane 5 ES flight V-181 lifting Automated Transfer Vehicle Jules Verne in March 2008.

When not used for launch tracking station is used in CleanSeaNet and MARISS service for Copernicus Programme

References

European Space Agency
ESTRACK facilities
Buildings and structures in Vila do Porto


title: Ceratophyllus adustus

text:
Ceratophyllus adustus is a species of flea in the family Ceratophyllidae. It was described by Karl Jordan in 1932.

References

Ceratophyllidae
Insects described in 1932


title: Yobaz

text:
Yobaz is a pejorative Turkish term meaning bigot.

Someone who is overly attached to a thought, a belief, or an ideology. This is sometimes used by secular and liberal Turks towards religious fanatics, usually linking them with intolerance, hypocrisy, and hatefulness. They were also portrayed as dangerous provocateurs of innocent Muslims in the name of "wrong" Islam, as opposed to the "true" Islam which had to be limited to the individuals' private lives.

The Turkish metal band Kurban released, in 2010, a song titled "Yobaz".

See also

 Islamism
 Secularism in Turkey

References

Islamism
Pejorative terms for people
Secularism in Turkey
Islamophobia
Political violence in Turkey
Islam in Turkey
Kemalism
Anti-Arabism in the Middle East


title: Nima Delavari

text:
Nima Delavari () is an Iranian football defender who plays for Chooka Talesh in League 2

Club career

Malavan
He started his career with Mehravarn Talesh youth levels. Later he joined to Malavan Academy and spent three season with Malavan youth levels. He joined to first team by Farhad Pourgholami and made his debut for Malavan in 2013–14 Iran Pro League against Saba Qom as a starter.

Club career statistics

References

External links
 Nima Delavari at IranLeague.ir

Living people
Iranian men's footballers
Malavan F.C. players
1991 births
Men's association football defenders
Footballers from Gilan province


title: Bali (1970 film)

text:
Bali is a 1970 Italian romance film directed by Ugo Liberatore and Paolo Heusch.

Cast

 John Steiner: Glenn
 Laura Antonelli: Daria
 Umberto Orsini: Carlo
 Petra Pauly: Brigitte
 Johannes Schaaf: Bradford
 Ettore Manni: Inspector (1975 version)
 Ilona Staller: Victim (1975 version)

Release
Bali was distributed by C.I.D.I.F. on 29 December 1970 in Italy. Originally directed by Ugo Liberatore and released as Incontro d'amore a Bali, it was a box office bomb. In 1975, following a series of commercial successes of Laura Antonelli, whose in the meanwhile had established herself as one of the most popular Italian sex symbols, the producer Alfredo Bini released a new version of the film, with a new editing and with the introduction of new scenes shot by Paolo Heusch with actors Ettore Manni and Ilona Staller.  Released  as Incontro d'amore, the film eventually got a large success at the Italian box office, grossing about 1 billion and a half lire.

See also
 List of Italian films of 1970

References

External links

1970 films
1970 romantic drama films
Italian romantic drama films
Films directed by Paolo Heusch
Films set in Bali
1970s Italian films


title: Hellblade: Senua's Sacrifice

text:
Hellblade: Senua's Sacrifice is a 2017 action-adventure game developed and published by the British video game development studio Ninja Theory. Set in a dark fantasy world inspired by Norse mythology and Celtic culture, the game follows Senua, a Pict warrior who must make her way to Helheim by defeating otherworldly entities and facing their challenges, in order to rescue the soul of her dead lover from the goddess Hela. It was released worldwide for PlayStation 4, and Windows in August 2017, Xbox One in April 2018, Nintendo Switch in April 2019, and Xbox Series X and Series S in August 2021. Hellblade features support for virtual reality, which was added in a 2018 update.

Self-described as an "independent AAA game", Hellblade was created by a team of approximately twenty developers led by writer and director Tameem Antoniades. The game blends different gameplay mechanics and concepts like puzzle solving, psychological horror and melee combat. Voice acting is an integral part of the game, while its cutscenes combine motion capture by Melina Juergens, and live action performances by other actors. The game's narrative serves as a metaphor for the character's struggle with psychosis, as Senua, who suffers from the condition but believes it to be a curse, is haunted by an entity known as the "Darkness", voices in her head known as "Furies", and memories from her past. To properly represent psychosis, developers worked closely with neuroscientists, mental health specialists, and people living with the condition.

Hellblade was a commercial success and was well-received by critics, who praised it as a work of art and applauded its uncommon choice of revolving around psychosis, the quality and uniqueness of its approach of the condition, and its story and main character. Its overall presentation, along with Juergens' performance, was also considered superior in quality to what independent games usually provide, although its gameplay and other elements received some criticism. The game sold over a million copies across all platforms by June 2018. A sequel, Senua's Saga: Hellblade II, was announced at The Game Awards 2019.

Gameplay
Hellblade: Senua's Sacrifice is divided into two types of gameplay: the first allows Senua to walk freely and interact with her surroundings. Those parts focus on either story via voiceover, as Senua travels from one location to another, or the resolution of a puzzle or challenge of some kind to progress further. She can use a capacity known as "focus", in reference to her tendency to see things differently from other people due to her condition, to trigger puzzle-related events. If she uses her focus on totems hidden throughout the game, it triggers a memory via voice-over of her friend Druth telling her of the stories of the Norsemen; activating all forty-four of them triggers a bonus cutscene shortly before the game's climax, that extends on Druth's backstory. Several areas feature their own exclusive mechanics or trials, such as reaching a safe zone in time before Senua dies, or using the focus ability to modify the structure of her surroundings.

In addition, Hellblade features fights against malformed representations of Norsemen who block her progression, including occasional bosses. During those fights, Senua has her sword drawn out, and is turned towards one of her enemies, on which the camera is automatically focused; she can use two kinds of attacks, quick or heavy, kick an enemy to prevent it from blocking her attacks, parry, or dodge. She can also charge the opponent she is focusing on, to either get closer or directly attack or kick it. If she parries or dodges enough, she can use her focus ability in battle to move faster than her enemies or dissipate the shadows some of them are made of, which makes them impervious to regular attacks. Once she obtains Gramr, Senua can charge her heavy attacks for additional damage and parries more efficiently, both of which can allow her to use her focus ability. If Senua suffers a strong hit, or several hits in a row, she falls to the ground, and the player must press the corresponding button repeatedly as fast as possible before an enemy deals her a fatal blow; if she does not get back up in time, she dies. The closer she is to death, the more difficult it is for her to get back up; she can also die from a regular hit, if she was already very close to death.

Hellblade does not feature any heads-up display or tutorials. Instead, Druth, Furies, or the Darkness, provide audio indications on game mechanics, and how to progress through levels and puzzles. The Furies provide Senua advice in battle, notably warning her if an enemy is attacking from her back. They react when Senua takes damage, and panic heavily if she is close to death: how nervous they are when she takes a hit is representative of how much damage she can still take. The nature of most apparitions, events witnessed, or voices heard, is purposely left unclear, and can be interpreted as either an actual apparition by a spirit, a memory of Senua, or a trick created by the Darkness or one of the deceptive creatures she has to face. As such, the clues given during the game are not always reliable (except for Druth's): certain Furies try to demotivate Senua, or give false indications such as telling her she took the wrong way, or that she is walking into a trap.

Plot
Set in the late 8th century, the game starts with Senua (Melina Juergens), a Pict warrior from Orkney arriving at the border of Helheim in a quest to save the soul of her dead lover, Dillion (Oliver Walker), from the goddess Hela. Senua believes she suffers from a curse that causes her to hear the voices of spirits, referred to as "Furies", in her head, the most notable of which is the Narrator (Chipo Chung), who is aware of the player's presence and often breaks the fourth wall by talking to them directly. She is followed by the Darkness (Steven Hartley), a dark entity at the core of the curse. She carries Dillion's severed head to use it as a vessel for his soul and is guided by her memories of the stories of Druth (Nicholas Boulton), a former slave of the Norsemen well-versed in their legends, now deceased, who became her friend and mentor during a year-long self-imposed exile. To enter Helheim, Senua overcomes several tests and defeats both the fire giant Surt and the god of illusions Valravn, but as she crosses the bridge to Helheim, she is attacked by Hela, who defeats her with a single blow and shatters her sword. Barely surviving the encounter, Senua contemplates suicide, but instead scars herself with her broken blade. She then follows visions of Druth and a man-shaped light she believes to be Dillion to a great tree, where she undergoes four trials that test her body, spirit, and mind and is rewarded with the legendary sword Gramr, a weapon powerful enough to kill Hela.

As the game progresses, Senua's backstory is unveiled in nonlinear order through her hallucinations, revealing that her mother, the healer Galena (Ellie Piercy), suffered the same curse she did but thought of it as a gift. However, Senua's devoutly religious father, Zynbel (also performed by Hartley), thought otherwise and burned Galena alive. Senua witnessed the event when she was just five years old, which caused her psychosis to worsen significantly and caused her to block out the memory. Her father, convincing her that she was tainted with evil, abused Senua emotionally and physically and isolated her from the rest of the world until she met Dillion when he visited her village. The two fell in love, and Senua left her father to be with him, as he saw her as different and misunderstood instead of cursed. However, after a plague killed many in Dillion's village, Senua, believing the fault to be hers, left in exile. When she returned a year later after seemingly conquering the Darkness, she found everyone killed by Norsemen raiders, who had sacrificed Dillion in a blood eagle to their gods. Remembering the stories of Druth, Senua then swore to save Dillion's soul from the gods of the Norsemen.

Ultimately, Senua fights against the influence of the Darkness, surviving the "Sea of Corpses" and defeating the beast Garm at the gates of Helheim. She realizes that the Darkness is a representation of her father's abuse and temporarily imprisons the Furies in a magic mirror. She then confronts Hela, who summons a legion of undead warriors; Senua fights them until she is finally overwhelmed and tries to bargain with Hela. In her final moments, she recalls Dillion telling her the importance of accepting loss. As the imagery of Helheim fades away, Hela stabs Senua with Gramr and drops Dillion's head into the abyss, but as the camera returns to her, Senua is standing in her place, with a dead Hela at her feet. Having accepted that it was never possible to bring her lover back and that she is not responsible for his death or anyone else's, Senua finally banishes the Darkness from her soul and accepts the Furies not as a curse, but as a part of who she is. She invites the player to follow her, saying that there is another story to tell.

Development
Hellblade was announced for the PlayStation 4 at Sony's Gamescom media briefing on August 12, 2014, where a trailer was shown. In a joint statement, Ninja Theory described the game as "an experience focused on delivering a deep character in a twisted world, with brutal uncompromising combat", and stated that they wanted to "make a smaller, more focused game experience that is uncompromising in its combat, art and story". The developers called it an "independent AAA game", with their goal being to make a game with all the qualities and production values of any AAA game on the market, but with creative freedom and an "indie spirit". The team eventually succeeded in releasing the game independently, but to achieve this could only release it via digital distribution.

Hugues Giboire, art director of the previous Ninja Theory game Heavenly Sword, rejoined the studio to work on the game. A Windows version of the game was announced on January 9, 2015. The game is powered by Unreal Engine 4, and was made by Ninja Theory with a team of around twenty developers. Its subtitle, Senua's Sacrifice, was announced in March 2016. Hellblade: Senua's Psychosis, a short documentary film included with the game, details the concept behind its story and inspirations, notably the team's study of mental illness. It was written and narrated by Antoniades, and edited by Juergens.

Writing
The main inspiration of Senua's character was the Iceni queen Boudica, while her name came from Senuna, a Celtic goddess long lost to historians but re-discovered in 2002, whose name was at first read incorrectly as Senua. Based on what is believed of the way Celtic warriors looked, Senua was given war paints, and braided hair clumped with lime. Doing research to find the right angle for the character, the team realized that despite the Roman Empire being able to conquer nearly all of Europe, they were unable to conquer a group of Celts, known as the Picts, in the northern reaches of Great Britain. Towards the end of the 8th century, the first Vikings arrived in the lands of the Picts, more specifically the islands of Orkney, and replaced them as the main population of the land. Based on the belief that the Norsemen were known for sacrificing the leaders of the tribes they had conquered to their gods, the game's director and lead writer Tameem Antoniades decided to use this as the basis for Senua's quest and trauma, and to have her find everyone in her village killed by the Norsemen and her lover sacrificed to Norse gods via the blood eagle, a ritualized method of execution whose authenticity is actually debated among historians.

According to Antoniades, the team, researching Celtic culture and the Celts' views on mental disorder, found out that they used the term "gelt" for a person who had been driven mad by a curse, grief, or the trauma of a battle, and that the gelt would take to a life in the woods in search of penance, punishment and purgatory; the team decided to make Senua a gelt, who had left her home in exile for those reasons. The character of Druth was based on both a real Irish Celt named Findan who was enslaved by the Norsemen in the 8th century, but eventually escaped and became a monk, and the Celtic tale of "a mad sinner who flees battle into exile and takes on a beastly nature, growing feathers on his body". The character was given a backstory similar to Findan's, a cloak featuring feathers, and was named after another word used by the Celts to describe the mental disorder, "druth", meaning "fool" or "one who utters the words of gods".

Inclusion of psychosis
Antoniades and his team initially conceptualized Hellblade: Senua's Sacrifice as "a compelling, adult, fantasy game". The game was always supposed to be hinted as taking place in Senua's mind, but with her mental illness originally less central to the story. However, the team came to see it as an opportunity to raise awareness on psychosis; regarding the team's interest with the condition, Antoniades stated "It is easy to see the pain and suffering caused by physical diseases or physical trauma, it is not so easy to see the mental suffering or trauma or severe mental illness. But what if we could find a way to see it? Games are capable of drawing you in for hours on end, playing the role of a character who's different from you, experiencing their perspective, and actively involving you in a world that functions with a different set of rules. [...] There are many things that happen in the world of Hellblade that make perfect sense within the context of Senua's mind. [...] To complete Senua's quest, you have to internalize and accept the logic and meaning behind these things to progress"; he notably felt that using the tendency of certain psychotics to see patterns others would not see or notice as a game mechanic to solve puzzles would provide a unique angle impossible in media other than video games.

Antoniades admitted that during his research, he "didn't have to look very far to discover my own ignorance of the subject". To portray psychosis properly, Ninja Theory "consulted world-leading neuroscientists and non-profit organizations like Wellcome Trust to properly capture the experience of psychosis and its devastating effects on the human mind". Antoniades "learnt that people can experience hallucinations and delusional beliefs without it being a problem – the illness comes when those experiences cause suffering. Often the recovery is not about curing yourself of hallucinations, but finding ways to live with them. That was a revelation to me".

Experts who worked closely with the team include Professor Paul Fletcher from the University of Cambridge, and writer and psychologist Professor Charles Fernyhough from the University of Durham, an expert on voice hearing. Ninja Theory received funding for the game from the Wellcome Trust, who also helped them creatively in their depiction of mental illness, notably by helping them to get in contact with people actually experiencing it. They worked with a "recovery college", an establishment which acts as both a health facility, and a college for its patients. Antoniades was marked by the story of "a girl who has to live with an angry voice screaming at her, slamming on her doors and walls 24 hours a day. That's someone who would often see corpses hanging in the room, so real that they would sometimes try to rescue them"; this inspired several events featured in the game as well.

When working with experts, the team realized that "quite often, the illness comes not from the symptoms, but from the stigma, isolation, and mistreatment that comes about from the rest of society". This led the team to make Senua's father and the way he abused and isolated her during her youth the real nature of the Darkness which haunts her. To create the voices heard by Senua, the team "worked closely with a group of voice-hearers to try and get these sounding as realistic as possible"; Senua's visual hallucinations, including her flashbacks, or the way several elements of a level appear brighter than they should be, were also based on descriptions from people with delusions. In June 2017, the team presented the near-finished game to several of the people with mental illness they had collaborated with, as a way to see if the final result had "reflected their views or if it had misrepresented them".

Casting, filming and recording
Senua's voice acting and motion capturing were performed by German freelance photographer and video editor Melina Juergens, who had not done either of those things prior to Hellblade. She was used by the team as a stand-in for Senua for several months while they perfected their motion capture techniques, and they eventually came to the conclusion that she could play the character in the finalized game to save the cost of hiring a professional actress. Game director and lead writer Tameem Antoniades stated that he knew her well enough to know that he did not have to teach her how to act, but to "relive her own internal pain". All cutscenes feature Juergens' vocal performance as she recorded it during the filming of her physical performance with a motion capture suit and markers, rather than before or afterward during a voice acting session. In addition to the camera placed in front of Juergens' face to capture her expressions for her animated counterpart, Antoniades used a portable camera to film the scenes as they appear in the final game. As they only had one camera, the team opted to make all the cutscenes be presented as one single long take, the objective being to make the viewer feel like "an observer, like a presence watching Senua throughout".

Operating on a much smaller budget with Hellblade: Senua's Sacrifice than their previous games, Ninja Theory went out of their usual ways to film the cutscenes of the game. Instead of going to bigger studios and having a team of approximately 20 people film several actors together, as they did in the past, they filmed only Juergens in a small space, with only three other people needed on set: Antoniades directing and filming, one person to look after the audio, and one person to look after the motion capture process. To save more money, the team used equipment described by Antoniades as "fairly cheap", including material bought at a low price at IKEA and on Amazon. As a further cost-saving measure, they used their own boardroom for the motion capture scenes, rather than using external motion capture studio spaces.

The helmet capturing Juergens' expressions and voice was provided to the team by Technoprops. The team opted to feature only two cameras on the helmet, as they felt that having four would be too uncomfortable for Juergens and impact her performance. The audio recording device was the most expensive part of the setup, and was placed around Juergens' forehead to avoid recording breathing sounds. Because all of Juergens' audio was recorded live, the team could not give her indications or reminders directly, or play music she would synchronize her performance with. For this reason, pre-recorded audio notes by Antoniades and excerpts from the soundtrack would be played at the same time on headphones both he and Juergens would wear, so they could act accordingly and in synchronization with each other.

To feature the voices in Senua's head in a way that would be realistic regarding actual people suffering auditory hallucinations, the team, based on descriptions by Professor Charles Fernyhough, an expert on the subject, recorded several actors using binaural recording that also records the 3D position of sound, so the voices would sound as close or distant as the actors were to the microphone, replicating the way human ears perceive sounds. The team then invited voice hearers to listen to the result in order to give them feedback for future recordings. The original score for the game was composed by David García and Andy LaPlegua; the song "Just Like Sleep" by Passarella Death Squad is played during the final battle, and the song "Illusion" by VNV Nation plays during the ending credits.

Release
Hellblade was released for PlayStation 4, and Windows via digital channels on August 8, 2017. Following the period of timed console exclusivity for the PlayStation 4, a version for the Xbox One, with enhanced graphical support on the Xbox One X, was released on April 11, 2018. On July 31, 2018, an update added full virtual reality support via the HTC Vive and Oculus Rift headsets. On February 13, 2019, the game was announced for Nintendo Switch later in Spring of the same year.

While the game was playable through backwards compatibility on the Xbox Series X and Series S, an enhanced version with improved visuals and ray tracing support was released through a free optimization patch on August 9, 2021.

Reception

The game received "generally favorable reviews", according to review aggregator Metacritic. Its choice to depict and revolve around psychosis was applauded as a unique and interesting choice, as was the execution of those themes, and the idea of blending its approach with Norse mythology and the grief-ridden journey of Senua. Juergens' performance, and the game's sound, artistic direction, tense atmosphere, and low price, were also praised; the quality of its production value and graphics was singled out as superior to what independent games usually offer. Reception of the combat and puzzles were more mixed, with several reviewers complaining about combat being too repetitive and simplistic, the lack of variety in the enemies, and about the puzzles being redundant.

Brandin Tyrrel of IGN praised the story, sound, directing, art direction, voice acting, music, and innovative presentation, and stating "it unfolds like a beautiful, dark, tense visual novel, placing the excellently raw, human performance of its main character front and center on her journey into the land of the Northmen. Her story is one of confusion, sadness, fear, and loss, and it's punctuated by moments of beauty, and strength that has left a lasting impression on me." He added "As impressive as [Hellblades] story is, Ninja Theory's smart design reinforces the sensory nature of the harrowing tale through subtle and intuitive mechanics [...] Its incredibly smart use of audio and visual distortion and trickery to convey the frightening effects of psychosis, hallucinations, and delusion, are married with the gameplay elements for an experience that rarely ever grapples over whether it's a game or a story". Brad Shoemaker of Giant Bomb stated as a narrative effort, its success was "almost unparalleled in the medium". He applauded the story, sound, characters, graphics, Juergens' performance and "piercing intensity". He appreciated the less artistic elements, but felt that the gameplay for battles was "usually satisfying but can also feel like a chore in confined spaces". However, he described the boss fights as "all unique and exceptionally memorable". Alice Bell of VideoGamer.com gave the game a 9 out of 10, praising its "incredibly compelling story", "fast, stylish combat", and "beautiful and horrible audio and visual design".

In a positive review, Leif Johnson of PC Gamer praised Hellblade: Senua's Sacrifice for its themes, presentation and story, but complained that the "inspiration doesn't carry over to the actual fights. [...] I frankly found it kind of dull in the one-on-one duels at the start, and it didn't help that the enemies sometimes seem to skip a few animations when reacting to attacks. Nor does it help that there's precious little variation in the foes themselves, who almost always show up as tall, shirtless warriors with deer-skull helmets or as beefy berserker shamans. By the end of the first hour, you've basically seen every non-boss you're going to see". He did, however, consider combat to get much better once Senua has to face many enemies at once. In one of the publications to give the game a somewhat negative review, Edge was unhappy with the game's depiction of Senua's condition.

Several reviewers were less enthusiastic, with most criticism directed at the gameplay, fights and puzzles; however, most of them still praised Hellblade as a work of art. Among them was Game Informers Joe Juba, who found Hellblade to be "undeniably memorable, telling a compelling tale that explores subject matter many consider taboo". However, he believed that the gameplay suffered from the game's themes. Unaware of the fake nature of the game's supposed permadeath, he complained that it was too unclear how close to a permanent game over he was, and felt the sense that he was in "frustrating". He also found the puzzles tedious, and believed that the idea of the fight sequences allowing certain enemies to be off-screen translated poorly to gameplay.

Eurogamer ranked the game ninth on their list of the "Top 50 Games of 2017", GamesRadar+ ranked it 16th on their list of the 25 Best Games of 2017, and EGMNow ranked it 19th in their list of the 25 Best Games of 2017, while Polygon ranked it 24th on their list of the 50 best games of 2017. The game received nominations for "Best PC Game", "Best PlayStation 4 Game", "Best Action-Adventure Game", "Best Graphics", "Best Story", and "Most Innovative" (the latter for which it became a runner-up) at IGNs Best of 2017 Awards.

Game Informer has listed Hellblade: Senua's Sacrifice among best games released throughout the eighth video game generation.

Depiction of psychosis
The game's depiction of psychosis was applauded, and often described as the game's greatest quality. Several media outlets and reviewers analyzed the game's depiction of psychosis in more detail: it was noted that all parts of the game, including the fights and puzzles, were made to further the depiction of Senua's psychosis and revolved around her condition. Paul Fletcher, a neuroscientist and psychosis expert at the University of Cambridge who worked on the game, said that "It's been exciting to see Senua received so positively by those who have lived with experiences of psychosis."

Michael Briers of PlayStationLifeStyle, stated that "by working closely with neuroscientists and those unfortunate few who have been diagnosed as psychotic, Hellblade carefully avoids those cheap, half-assed tropes that render a character insane and, therefore, woefully one-dimensional. Not only does it act as a disservice to those who suffer from mental illness, this practice of painting in broad strokes only minimizes the room for nuance, but Senua's Sacrifice boldly cuts through the white noise". Leif Johnson of PC Gamer praised the gripping depiction of a character suffering from psychosis, stating "Ninja Theory uses haunted eyes to full effect in long, moody closeups peppering the narrative. [Senua] peers not only into the darkness but seemingly past the camera, past the screen. Looking back, I found depths of despair and anger there that were sometimes hard to meet head-on [...] Some people would crumble under such pain. But still, Senua fights. It's a little inspiring."

Alice Bell of VideoGamer.com noted that although Senua's psychosis is a cause of tragedy in her life, the game also depicted her condition as something that can bring her contentment, stating that her hallucinations are sometimes "actually lovely too, reflecting that psychosis can manifest as color and beauty." Regarding the story as a whole, she stated "you [the player] learn about the trauma Senua has faced, made greater by her struggles with her own mental health and others' lack of understanding of it. Great care has been taken, with input every step of the way from psychologists and people who have experienced psychosis, to give as faithful a representation of it as possible. The hardest battles are fought in the mind, says Dillion, although Senua has physical battles as well."

Mollie L Patterson of Electronic Gaming Monthly declared that "while I can't speak to that side of things from personal experience, I can tell you that I was legitimately affected by [Senua's] condition at times. Playing a good portion of the game with headphones on, quiet moments were often broken by the never-ending chatter of those other selves conflicting in their thoughts, with some wanting to help their host in her quest, and others constantly telling Senua (and you) that she was wrong in her choices, that she was destined to failure, or that it was all hopeless. It's hard to explain how powerful those words can be, even as a player detached from Senua's condition, and it was one of many elements that helped form a bond between us."

Shoemaker stated "Hellblades single most powerful trick is a near-constant stream of voices in Senua's head, recorded with a spatial audio technique so they feel like they're all around you, nagging at you, undermining your decisions and your confidence. These voices are frequently in conflict with what you're doing and even with each other; one side can be encouraging you while the other mock you mercilessly. The effect is striking. Over time Senua's pain becomes palpable, incontestable, especially as the stress worsens the longer these voices harangue you, the more vicious and deranged they become. It's important to remember that you as the player, though, have the luxury of turning them off whenever you want. Hellblades robust bag of psychological tricks and the sheer fact of Senua's distressing reality result in the game's uncommon ability to capture the feelings of worthlessness, lack of control, of being misunderstood and shunned, the strange mix of hope and despair that can accompany a debilitating mental illness."

Not all media outlets were satisfied with the game's depiction of the condition. In an article he published to criticize the game, Mic gaming editor Jason Faulkner, who had experience working with the mentally ill, praised Senua's character, but was highly critical of the game, stating that it should have focused on helping people to truly understand psychosis, and have the condition be "focal and explicit", instead of representing it metaphorically: "If you go into the game without any background information, you might assume that Senua is living with delusions and Norse mythology-inspired hallucinations — or you might think that she's being haunted by demons and ghosts. [...] The portrayal of Senua's mental illness would be better served by showing both sides of her story: what's in her head and what's actually happening." He also stated that the game "stifles the opportunity to inject commentary about the broader picture of mental health care", notably by not depicting caregivers or other people dedicated to helping those with mental illness in real life. Edge deplored that Senua's psychosis was depicted as "something of an asset: a helpful superpower that can give you the strength to soldier on through the darkness, so long as you can put up with the odd breakdown here and there."

Death mechanic
Early in the game, after Senua's hand starts to rot because she got "tainted", the Darkness tells her that every time she "dies" (every death turns out to be a vision of a possible future), the rot will spread further up, until it reaches her head and consumes her soul; the game implies that, if this happens, it will result in a permadeath, as the player's save would be deleted, and all game progress until then would be erased. However, several media outlets later found out that the rot stops spreading after a certain number of deaths, and cannot progress further before a certain point in the game, ultimately making it impossible for it to reach Senua's head.

Antoniades said that the permadeath mechanic was a bluff: while the rot will spread on Senua's body over repeated deaths, it will never fully reach her head; the wording they chose to describe this was meant to convey part of the fear associated with mental illness and psychosis directly to the player. Antoniades said "We were looking for ideas of how you introduce fear, and one of those ideas was the permadeath mechanic. It's the only time we're very explicit about what will happen to you in the game." He considered that they believed that players and critics have mistaken their wording on the permadeath mechanic when the game was released, which created a "blowout", but he defended their use of the wording as "it's your interpretation as a player that taints the meaning behind it. That's something we wanted to do on purpose, because with mental illness it's your frame of mind that interprets the world, and that can cause you distress."

Reid McCarter of PC Gamer strongly defended Ninja Theory's move, calling it "great game design and a modern expression of unreliable narration". He stated "As the story progresses, the nature of the corruption becomes clearer as the player comes to understand a correlation between Senua's backstory and psychology and the way they perceive the game's dangers. It is a beautifully executed bit of narrative design, game systems and story working in tandem." PCGamesN called it a "clever decision", as it "focuses on Senua's own fear of her enemies and degrading mental state". Eurogamer called it "a cool trick that makes the player feel a sense of dread as they're playing the game. Dread, anxiety and death are all themes Hellblade revolves around. It certainly fits".

Sales
While only released in digital form, Hellblade: Senua's Sacrifice was a commercial success. It was the best selling game on the PlayStation Store in Europe for the month of its release. According to director Tameem Antoniades the game sold "better than expected" and broke even in approximately three months, ahead of the six to nine months the developers expected. PC Gamer stated about Hellblades success that "the news can only be positive. Perhaps if other developers see an experimental game like Hellblade finding commercial success then they'll be more likely to take risks on their own titles—and that, ultimately, will lead to more interesting games". To celebrate World Mental Health Day on October 10, 2017, Ninja Theory donated all profit made from the sales of Hellblade on that day to Rethink Mental Illness. By June 2018, the game had sold over a million copies across all three platforms.

Awards

In addition to the awards received by the game, the team of Hellblade, including Antoniades and Juergens, won the award for Best Real-Time Graphics & Interactivity at SIGGRAPH in 2016, for a showcase demonstration of a technique they called "Realtime Cinematography", during which they performed and filmed live a scene from Hellblade, which was "shot, captured and edited to final quality in minutes, a process that would normally take weeks or months".

Sequel
Senua's Saga: Hellblade II was announced during The Game Awards 2019, with plans for release on Windows and Xbox Series X/S. The game soundtrack will be composed by Heilung and will be set in Iceland and will use Epic Games's new Unreal Engine 5.

Notes

References

External links

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title: D. Lorne Tyrrell

text:
David Lorne John Tyrrell  (born 1943) is a Canadian physician.

Overview
Born on February 10, 1943, in Edmonton, Alberta, he grew up on the family farm near Duffield and studied at the University of Alberta. Tyrrell interned at the University of Alberta Hospital and then went on to earn a PhD in pharmacology from Queen's University in 1972. He returned to Alberta in 1975 to train in internal medicine. From 1982 to 1994, he was director of the Infectious Diseases division and later the Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology at the University of Alberta. In 1994, he became dean of the faculty of medicine at the university. In 2010, he secured a large donation for the university which established the Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology.

Tyrrell's research into viral hepatitis lead to the development of the oral antiviral drug lamivudine. This treatment enabled the use of liver transplants for persons infected with Hepatitis B. In collaboration with Norman Miles Kneteman (University of Alberta, Department of Surgery), Tyrrell and his team contributed to the development of a mouse with a humanized liver to be used for testing drugs to treat Hepatitis C.

He was named to the Alberta Order of Excellence in 2000 and became an officer in the Order of Canada in 2002. Tyrrell became a fellow of the Royal Society of Canada in 2004. In 2009, he was named chair of the board of directors for the Gairdner Foundation. Tyrrell was inducted into the Canadian Medical Hall of Fame in 2011.  He was a Killam Prize winner in 2015.

References

1935 births
Living people
Canadian infectious disease physicians
Fellows of the Royal Society of Canada
Members of the Alberta Order of Excellence
Officers of the Order of Canada
People from Edmonton
Queen's University at Kingston alumni
University of Alberta alumni


title: Nicholay Finlayson

text:
Nicholay Finlayson (born 19 December 1985), also spelled as Nicholy Fin(d)layson; is a Jamaican footballer who currently plays for Waterhouse F.C. as a defender.

International career
Finlayson played his first international game with the senior national team in 2005, a match in which he was part of the starting squad and left the pitch after being substituted in the 52nd minute.

Honours
Waterhouse
JFF Champions Cup (1): 2013

References

External links

1985 births
Living people
Jamaican men's footballers
Jamaica men's international footballers
Men's association football defenders
Waterhouse F.C. players
National Premier League players


title: Kavya (film)

text:
Kavya is a 1995 Indian Kannada-language romantic drama film directed and co-produced by Kodlu Ramakrishna and based on the novel written by Vijaya Thandavamurthy and Ramakrishna himself. The film cast includes Ramkumar, Sudharani and Sithara with Sudharani playing the title role. The film was produced under Spandana Films banner and the original score and soundtrack were composed by Sadhu Kokila.

Cast

Soundtrack
The music of the film was composed by Sadhu Kokila and lyrics written by Prof. Doddarange Gowda and Geethapriya. It also has a couplet written by poet Kuvempu. The soundtrack also features one song sung by actor Rajkumar.

Prof. Doddarange Gowda was awarded with the Karnataka State Film Award for Best Lyricist for the year 1995-96 for the song "Vandane Vandane" written by him.

References

External source

1995 films
1990s Kannada-language films
Indian romantic drama films
Films based on Indian novels
Films directed by Kodlu Ramakrishna
1995 romantic drama films

kn:ಕಾವ್ಯ


title: Ying Prefecture (Hubei)

text:
Yingzhou or Ying Prefecture (郢州) was a zhou (prefecture) in imperial China in modern Hubei, China, seated in modern Zhongxiang. It existed (intermittently) from 551 until 1278.

Geography
The administrative region of Yingzhou in the Tang dynasty falls within modern Jingmen in central Hubei. It probably includes parts of modern:
 Zhongxiang
 Jingshan County

References

Prefectures of Western Wei
Prefectures of Northern Zhou
Prefectures of the Sui dynasty
Prefectures of the Tang dynasty
Prefectures of Later Liang (Five Dynasties)
Prefectures of Later Tang
Prefectures of Later Jin (Five Dynasties)
Prefectures of Later Han (Five Dynasties)
Prefectures of Later Zhou
Prefectures of the Song dynasty
Prefectures of the Yuan dynasty
Former prefectures in Hubei