title: Cairnton stone

text:
The Cairnton Stone is a class I Pictish stone that was discovered at Cairnton, near Newmachar, Aberdeenshire, Scotland in 2001. The stone bears the incised symbols of the Crescent and V-rod and triple disc. The stone is now in the collection of the Marischal Museum, Aberdeen.

References

External links

Pictish stones
Pictish stones in Aberdeenshire


title: Mikhail Salye

text:
Mikhail Alexandrovich Salye (21 August 1899 – 17 August 1961) was a Soviet Arabist scholar and translator. Salye was the first to translate One Thousand and One Nights into Russian directly from the Arabic source. Additionally, he translated into Russian seven tales not contained in the Calcutta II edition of One Thousand and One Nights (from the manuscript in the National Library of Russia).

In 1919–1923 Salye studied in the Saint Petersburg Institute of Oriental Languages. In 1926, having graduated from the Saint Petersburg State University, Salye entered the Institute of the Comparative Analysis of the Literatures and Languages of the West and East of that university. In 1921–22 Salye made trips to Tashkent, where he lectured at a local institute. In 1934 Salye was admitted to the Union of Writers of the USSR. He translated Tawfiq al-Hakim and other authors.

Salye is buried at the Botkinskoye Cemetery in Tashkent.

Works (in Russian)
«Материалы для датировки сказки об Ал-ад-дине Абу-ш-Шаалате (из “Тысячи и одной ночи”)
«Неизвестный вариант сказки о рыбаке и духе из 1001 ночи»
«Алишер Навои как биограф»
«Мухаммед аль Хорезми – великий узбекский ученый»

References

Soviet Arabists
Saint Petersburg State University alumni
Soviet orientalists
Translators from Arabic
Translators of One Thousand and One Nights
Translators to Russian
1899 births
1961 deaths
Place of birth missing
20th-century translators


title: William Smoult Playfair

text:
Dr William Smoult Playfair FRCP (27 July 1836 – 13 August 1903) was a leading Scottish obstetric physician and academic. In 1896 a trial, Kitson v. Plafair, found against him for a breach of medical confidentiality.

Biography
Playfair was born in St Andrews on 27 July 1836, the fourth of the five sons of Jessie (née Ross) of Edinburgh and George Playfair, inspector-general of hospitals in Bengal and son of James Playfair (1738–1819). Lyon Playfair, 1st Baron Playfair and Robert Lambert Playfair were among his brothers. He was educated in St Andrews before going on to study medicine at the University of Edinburgh in 1852. He graduated with an M.D. in 1856, presenting the thesis "Calculus of the bladder among the natives of India"  He worked for some time in Paris.

In 1857 Playfair entered the Indian Medical Service, and was an assistant surgeon at Awadh during the Indian Rebellion. From 1859-60 he was professor of surgery at the Calcutta Medical College; but left for reasons of health. He practised medicine for six months in St. Petersburg before returning to London in 1863 with no definite plans.

Playfair was shortly elected assistant physician for diseases of women and children at King's College Hospital. In 1872, on the retirement of Sir William Overend Priestley, he was appointed professor of obstetric medicine at King's College, London, and obstetric physician to King's College Hospital, posts which he gave up in 1898 after 25 years of service. He  was then elected emeritus professor and consulting physician at King's College.

Playfair introduced the bed rest treatment of Silas Weir Mitchell into the United Kingdom. He was obstetrician to the Duchess of Edinburgh and the Duchess of Connaught.

He received honorary doctorates from the universities of Edinburgh (1898) and St Andrews (1885). He was made an honorary fellow of the American and Boston gynaecological societies, and the Edinburgh Obstetrical Society. He was elected President of the Obstetrical Society of London in 1879.

In 1863 he became MRCP and in 1870 was elected FRCP.

After a suffering a stroke in Florence in 1903, Playfair returned home to St Andrews and died there on 13 August 1903. He was buried there in the new (eastern) cemetery in the town, against the central dividing wall (near the large monument to John Tulloch). He had become a leading obstetrician in the United Kingdom, and was among the first not hand over obstetric operations to general surgeons. A sum was collected to found a memorial to him in the new King's College Hospital at Denmark Hill, London.

Linda Kitson case

In 1896 an action was brought against Playfair by a patient, Linda Kitson, for an alleged breach of professional confidence. It is notable for the high damages of £12,000 awarded against him by the jury; this amount was then reduced by agreement to £9,200 on application for a new trial.

Playfair, who was related to Kitson by marriage (she was married to but separated from his wife's younger brother), considered in his professional opinion that she had recently been pregnant. When Playfair decided to exclude female members of his family from her company, on moral grounds, Kitson sued. Leading doctors spoke in court in support of his actions but the judge found them unacceptable, in line with general public opinion on medical confidentiality.

Works
Playfair was a prolific author, and wrote:

 Handbook of Obstetric Operations, 1865.
 Science and Practice of Midwifery, 1876; 9th edit. 1898, translated into several languages.
 Notes on the Systematic Treatment of Nerve Prostration and Hysteria connected with Uterine Disease, 1881.

He was joint editor with Clifford Allbutt of a System of Gynæcology (1896; 2nd edition revised by Thomas Watts Eden, 1906). He contributed to Richard Quain's Dictionary of Medicine (1882) the article on "Diseases of the Womb", and to Daniel Hack Tuke's Dictionary of Psychological Medicine (1892) the article on "Functional Neuroses". His work in medical periodicals included 49 papers for the Transactions of the Obstetrical Society.

Family
On 26 April 1864 Playfair married Emily, daughter of James Kitson of Leeds and sister of James Kitson, 1st Baron Airedale. Together they had three daughters and two sons, one of them being Nigel Ross Playfair, the actor-manager.

References

Attribution

1835 births
1903 deaths
Scottish obstetricians
Scottish medical writers
People from St Andrews
Alumni of the University of Edinburgh Medical School


title: The Conduct of the Allies

text:
The Conduct of the Allies and of the Late Ministry in Beginning and Carrying on the Present War was a book in essay-style written by Jonathan Swift, in which he attacked Britain's allies in the War of the Spanish Succession. It was published on 27 November 1711.

Background

Britain had been at war with France from 1689 to 1697 and again from 1702 in a Grand Alliance that included the Dutch. During the summer of 1711, Queen Anne's Secretary of State for the Northern Department, Lord Bolingbroke, began secret peace negotiations with the French foreign minister, Torcy. The preliminaries of the peace were signed on 27 September. The Whig opposition attempted to rally support against the Treaty with their slogan "No Peace Without Spain".

Bolingbroke helped Swift with the book's composition.

Overview

After the preface of four paragraphs, the book is divided into five sections. Firstly, 10 paragraphs give a theoretical and historical background. Secondly, ten paragraphs give the immediate causes of the war. Thirdly, 48 paragraphs contain the substance of Swift's argument, including the government's case for a unilateral peace with France. Fourthly, 10 paragraph attack the previous Whig government and justify the appointment of a Tory ministry in 1710. Fifthly, the Whig war aim of preventing the French king's grandson from inheriting the Spanish throne is discussed.

Swift attacked the Duke of Marlborough: "whether this War were prudently begun or not, it is plain, that the true Spring or Motive of it, was the aggrandising of a particular Family [the Churchills], and in short, a War of the General [Marlborough] and the Ministry [the Whigs], and not of the Prince or People".

Reception

The book was a tremendous popular success. By the end of January 1712 the book had sold 11,000 copies. Swift's antiwar and anti-Whig arguments captured parliamentary and popular opinion. The government subsequently signed the Peace of Utrecht.

See also
 List of books with anti-war themes

Notes

References

H. T. Dickinson, Bolingbroke (London: Constable, 1970).
Edward Gregg, Queen Anne (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2001).
Geoffrey Holmes, British Politics in the Age of Anne. Revised Edition (London: Hambledon, 1987).
Julian Hoppit, A Land of Liberty? England. 1689-1727 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2000).
J. R. Jones, Marlborough (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993).
Angus Ross and David Woolley (eds.), Jonathan Swift: Major Works (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003).

Further reading

Herbert Davis (ed.), Jonathan Swift: Political Tracts, 1711-1713 (Oxford, 1973).
Michael Foot, The Pen and the Sword: Jonathan Swift and the Power of the Press (London: MacGibbon & Kee, 1957).

1711 books
1711 essays
1711 in military history
Essays by Jonathan Swift
Non-fiction books about war
War of the Spanish Succession


title: Η set

text:
In mathematics, an η set (eta set) is a type of totally ordered set introduced by  that generalizes the order type η of the rational numbers.

Definition

If  is an ordinal then an  set is a totally ordered set in which for any two subsets  and  of cardinality less than , if every element of  is less than every element of  then there is some element greater than all elements of  and less than all elements of .

Examples

The only non-empty countable η0 set (up to isomorphism) is the ordered set of rational numbers.

Suppose that κ = ℵα is a regular cardinal and let X be the set of all functions f from κ to {−1,0,1} such that if f(α) = 0 then f(β) = 0 for all β > α, ordered lexicographically. Then X is a ηα set. The union of all these sets is the class of surreal numbers.

A dense totally ordered set without endpoints is an ηα set if and only if it is ℵα saturated.

Properties

Any ηα set X is universal for totally ordered sets of cardinality at most ℵα, meaning that any such set can be embedded into X.

For any given ordinal α, any two ηα sets of cardinality ℵα are isomorphic (as ordered sets). An ηα set of cardinality ℵα exists if ℵα is regular and Σβ<α 2ℵβ ≤ ℵα.

References

 English translation in

Order theory


title: William Playfair (disambiguation)

text:
William Playfair was a Scottish engineer and political economist.

William Playfair may also refer to:

William Smoult Playfair (1835–1903), Scottish obstetric physician
William Henry Playfair (1790–1857), Scottish architect


title: Breathe (2017 film)

text:
Breathe is a 2017 biographical drama film directed by Andy Serkis in his directorial debut, from a screenplay by William Nicholson. The film stars Andrew Garfield, Claire Foy, Hugh Bonneville, Tom Hollander, Ed Speleers and Dean-Charles Chapman; it tells the story of Robin Cavendish, who became paralysed from the neck down by polio at the age of 28.

The film had its world premiere at the 42nd Toronto International Film Festival on 11 September 2017. It was released in the United States by Bleecker Street on 13 October 2017 and in the United Kingdom by STXinternational on 27 October 2017. Upon release the film was with received with mixed reviews. Critics praised Serkis' directing and Garfield and Foy's acting but some felt that the film was glossed over with romance rather than focusing on Cavendish's disability and the lives of him and his family.

Plot
In 1958 in Kenya, Robin Cavendish falls ill from polio at age 28, not long after meeting and marrying his wife Diana. Paralysed from the neck down and unable to breathe without the assistance of a respirator, he is given only three months to live. He is repatriated to Britain. Initially he is depressed, refusing to see his wife or newborn son, Jonathan, and wishing to be removed from life support. However, Diana is persistent and slowly his spirits improve. When Diana realises she can provide for his daily care and suggests they move Robin and the respirator home, Robin brightens considerably. Over the strenuous objections of the hospital's administrator Dr. Entwistle (who tells Diana that he will die if without the ventilator for two minutes) and with the help of some of the other doctors and nurses, Robin is brought home and meets his son.

While Jonathan is playing with his dog, the dog knocks out the plug of the ventilator. Robin realises, but unable to move or speak, he cannot get Diana's attention, so instead makes clicking noises with his tongue. Eventually, Diana finds him unresponsive and plugs the ventilator back in.

Seeing his son push a pram gives Robin the idea for a mobile chair with a built-in respirator, so he enlists the help of his friend Teddy Hall to build one. Using the chair, and with the help of Diana and her two brothers, Robin is able to travel away from home for the first time, and with a specially constructed van, the family begins to venture out further, even flying the van on a cargo plane to Spain.

Teddy makes various improvements to his design over time and eventually Robin teams up with Dr Clement Aitken to produce more of the chairs. After observing a German hospital's prison-like confinement of their severely disabled patients, Robin then appears at a conference and appeals to doctors to treat their patients more humanely, drawing a standing ovation. Robin returns to his original hospital with more of Teddy's chairs and the rest of the patients in the ward leave with him.

Years later, Robin begins to experience severe bleeding due to his extended time on the respirator and decides it is time to stop prolonging his life indefinitely. He discusses his decision with Dr. Aitken who advises that Diana and Jonathan cannot be involved. He holds a farewell party with his many friends. Sometime later, he instructs his family to leave and return to the house at precise times. Jonathan, now in his twenties, and Diana see Aitken driving away and return to the house. Fading, Robin expresses his love for both of them and dies, having transformed the lives of many others like him.

Cast

Production
The Cavendishes' son, Jonathan Cavendish, who runs The Imaginarium production company with director Andy Serkis, commissioned writer William Nicholson to write the film's screenplay and is one of the producers of the film. He stated in an interview with London Evening Standard that in producing the film, he wanted to capture the "swashbuckling band of eccentrics" he knew in his childhood.

Release
In September 2016, Bleecker Street acquired U.S. distribution rights to the film. In February 2017, STXinternational acquired British distribution rights to the film.

The film had its world premiere at the Toronto International Film Festival on September 11, 2017.
It was also screened at the Opening Night Gala at the BFI London Film Festival. It was released in the United States on October 13, 2017, and the United Kingdom on October 27, 2017.

Reception

Critical response

Upon release, the film received generally mixed reviews. On review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 68% based on 168 reviews and a weighted average of 6.4/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "Strong performances from Breathes well-matched leads help add an edge to a biopic that takes a decidedly heartwarming approach to its real-life story." On Metacritic, the film holds a weighted average score of 51 out of 100 based on 29 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews". The Guardian writer Mark Kermode gave the film four out of five stars praising Andrew Garfield's portrayal of Robin Cavendish stating that "There's real terror in Garfield's eyes as Robin stares into the abyss, spitting in the face of a hospital chaplain who announces that his suffering is somehow part of God's great plan". He also gave praise to the film's score and the role of Diana Cavendish's twin brothers, portrayed in a dual role by Tom Hollander. Peter Bradshaw, another writer for The Guardian added to this, stating that the film "highlights a vital chapter of history" for disabled people but fails to shed "light and shade in the Cavendish'es themselves".

The New York Times writer Jeannette Catsoulis gave a mixed review on the film stating that the film's true purpose "is smothered by a cloying fairy tale romance that turns every challenge the couple faces into a lark". She did, however, go on to praise the actors but stated that they were held back by the script noting that "Mr. Garfield smiles broadly through episodes of near-suffocation and bloody sputum, while Ms. Foy embodies the buck-up-and-carry-on mentality that William Nicholson's screenplay demands". The Hollywood Reporter writer Stephen Dalton also agreed that the film "feels more like Downton Abbey with a medical subplot than a serious biopic about an astoundingly able disabled man and his devoted wife". On the main cast, he stated that,"Breathe paints them as borderline saints, flattening their humanity and carefully glossing over potentially tricky subjects, notably sexual matters. Foy's performance, perky with a hint of steel, mostly rises above these limitations. But Garfield is inevitably hampered by a role that restricts him to little more than nodding and grinning. Tom Hollander also does double duty as Diana's twin brothers, his dual role seemingly an excuse for some creaky comic banter and slick visual effects".

The New Zealand Herald writer Toby Woollaston praised Serkis' directing suggesting that "his attention to the film's technical minutia elevates it beyond a mere actorly drama". He also praised the cast, specifically Garfield who "climbs wholeheartedly into the role of Robin and delivers a convincing performance despite only having his face to act with". IndieWire writer Eric Kohn praised Garfield and Foy's performances noting that "Foy [...] gives a fragile, sincere performance as Robin's endlessly supportive partner, but Garfield ultimately emerges as the real draw. With subtle facial tics, he's able to convey a range of attitudes that serve as the movie's soulful core". The Sydney Morning Herald writer Sandra Hall agreed that the movie is one of the "cheeriest" and often "there are times when the film's unassailable optimism gets in the way of its credibility". Los Angeles Times writer Robert Abele called the film a "clichéd execution" noting that "Garfield and Foy, tasked with packing a whole marriage into one film, easily convey the attractiveness of being an indomitable team, but rarely get to plumb the depths of anything else".

Accolades

Notes

References

External links

2017 films
American biographical drama films
British biographical drama films
BBC Film films
British Film Institute films
Silver Reel films
Bleecker Street films
Participant (company) films
Films about diseases and disorders
Films directed by Andy Serkis
Films with screenplays by William Nicholson
Films about paraplegics or quadriplegics
2017 directorial debut films
2010s English-language films
2010s American films
2010s British films


title: Jofroi

text:
Jofroi is a 1934 French drama film directed by Marcel Pagnol and starring Vincent Scotto. It tells the story of a man who has sold his orchard. When the new owner wants to cut the trees down, the former owner threatens with suicide. The film is based on the short story "Jofroi de la Maussan" by Jean Giono, which appears in the collection of his short stories The Solitude of Compassion.

Cast
 Vincent Scotto as Jofroi
 Henri Poupon as Fonse
 Charles Blavette as Antonin
 Odette Roger as Marie
 Annie Toinon as Barbe
 Henri Darbrey as Le notaire
 André Robert as L' instituteur
 José Tyrand as Le curé

References

Bibliography
 Betz, Mark. Beyond the Subtitle: Remapping European Art Cinema. University of Minnesota Press, 2009.

External links
 Jofroi at marcel-pagnol.com

1934 drama films
1934 films
Films based on short fiction
Films based on works by Jean Giono
Films directed by Marcel Pagnol
French drama films
1930s French-language films
French black-and-white films
1930s French films


title: Charles Nourse

text:
Charles Joseph Nourse (February 24, 1888 – April 25, 1974) was an American football player and lawyer.  He played college football at Harvard University and was a consensus first-team selection to the 1908 College Football All-America Team.

Early life
Nourse was born in 1888, a son of Charles J. Nourse of New York.  He attended preparatory school at St. Paul's School in Concord, New Hampshire.

College football career
As an undergraduate, Nourse studied law at Harvard College from 1905 to 1909.  He was six feet tall and weighed 197 pounds while at Harvard.  He played on the freshman football team in 1906 and on the Harvard Crimson football team in 1907 and 1908.  After the 1908 season, he was selected as a consensus first-team center on the 1908 College Football All-America Team.

Career
After receiving his bachelor's degree from Harvard in 1909, Nourse spent three years at Columbia Law School].  He was editor of the Columbia Law Review and graduated in 1912. After his admission to the bar, Nourse, practiced law, initially with the law with the firm of Winthrop & Stimson in New York City, and later with the firm of Prince & Burlingame.

During World War I, Nourse served in the 31st Field Artillery, attaining the rank of captain, and serving under Henry L. Stimson, who later became the U.S. Secretary of State and Secretary of War. After the war, Nourse returned to the practice of law.  From 1927 to 1970, he was with the Wall Street law firm of Winthrop, Stimson, Putnam & Roberts and its predecessor firm, Burlingame, Nourse & Pettit. His clients included Bristol-Myers Company, the New York Trust Company, the Fulton Trust Company and the Safe Deposit Company of New York.

Personal life
Nourse was married in June 1922 to Margaret Lawrence Strong in a ceremony at Short Hills, New Jersey. Margaret, a daughter of James Remsen Strong, was attended by her sister, the former Charlotte Remsen Strong, wife of banker Schuyler Van Vechten. In his later years, Nourse lived on East 67th Street in Manhattan and also at Oyster Bay, Long Island.

Nourse died in April 1974 at  115 East 167th Street, his home in Manhattan.

References

1888 births
1974 deaths
American football centers
Harvard Crimson football players
All-American college football players
Players of American football from New York City
People from the Upper East Side
People from Oyster Bay (town), New York
Players of American football from Nassau County, New York


title: Schuyler, Hartley and Graham

text:
Schuyler, Hartley & Graham was the largest firearm dealer in the United States in 1860.

History
Jacob Rutsen Schuyler (1816–1887), Marcellus Hartley (1828–1902) and Malcolm Graham (1832–1899) incorporated their company on March 1, 1854.

In 1876 Schuyler retired from the company and by 1880 they changed the name to Hartley and Graham.

Schuyler died in 1887.

Malcolm Graham died in December 1899 and the company was reincorporated as M. Hartley Company. Marcellus Hartley died on January 8, 1902.

The archives are held by the McCracken Research Library.

References

1854 establishments in the United States
American companies established in 1854
Manufacturing companies established in 1854


title: George McLean (footballer, born 1937)

text:
George McLean (born 16 September 1937) is a Scottish former  footballer.

References

1937 births
Living people
Scottish men's footballers
Men's association football forwards
Scottish Football League players
English Football League players
Cambuslang Rangers F.C. players
Rangers F.C. players
Norwich City F.C. players
Grimsby Town F.C. players
Exeter City F.C. players
Workington A.F.C. players
Barrow A.F.C. players
Boston United F.C. players


title: Jiří Pecka (cyclist)

text:
Jiří Pecka (6 October 1940 – 2021) was a Czechoslovak cyclist. He competed in the 1000m time trial and team pursuit events at the 1964 Summer Olympics.

References

1940 births
2021 deaths
Czech male cyclists
Olympic cyclists for Czechoslovakia
Cyclists at the 1964 Summer Olympics
Sportspeople from Brno


title: Swimming at the 2014 European Aquatics Championships – Women's 200 metre backstroke

text:
The Women's 200 metre backstroke competition of the 2014 European Aquatics Championships was held on 18–19 August.

Records
Prior to the competition, the existing world, European and championship records were as follows.

Results

Heats
The heats were held at 11:02.

Semifinals
The semifinals were held 18:52.

Semifinal 1

Semifinal 2

Final
The final was held at 19:03.

References

Women's 200 metre backstroke


title: Britannica International School Budapest

text:
Britannica International School, Budapest was founded in 1994 and is the longest established British School in Hungary. The educational programme is based on the National Curriculum for England suitably enhanced to reflect the school’s truly international nature. The school located in District XII in the Buda Hills has a diverse student population with 46 nationalities between the ages of 5-18.

Leadership

The Principal of the school is the experienced Neil McGarry who has been a school leader in the UK in Northallerton and Germany King's School, Gutersloh. He joins the school following a successful leadership position in La Mare de Carteret High School, Guernsey
The school is part of the Orbital Education group which is headquartered near Manchester in the UK. Orbital Education has schools in Hungary, Spain, Russia and China.

Facilities

The school has an ICT suite, library, indoor swimming pool, gymnasium, auditorium, dining room, sixth-form study rooms, two Science laboratories, Music room, Art room and outdoor play and sports facilities.

Curriculum

The school delivers an enhanced version of the English National Curriculum preparing pupils for International General Certificate of Education (IGCSE) at 16. In at ages 17 and 18 the AS and A2 Level program is delivered - which gives the possibility for students to specialise.

The school has strong academic results with 53% of students getting A or A* results at iGCSE and 85% between A* to C. The school has previously had students receive the Outstanding Cambridge Learner Award for receiving the highest mark in the world for their chosen subject.

Britannica International School, Budapest is a Cambridge International Examination center.

Extracurricular activities

Britannica International School has a wide range of activities available:

 Students can participate in the Duke of Edinburgh’s International Award which is a journey of personal discovery and adventure for young people.
 A team participates in the World Scholar's Cup is an international team academic tournament with students participating from over 40 countries. The school has hosts one of the qualification rounds. In 2014 the Britannica Team reached the final in Yale.
 The school regularly holds school plays and other community events such as the spring fair or the Budapest Poetry competition
 Students have the option to participate in one of the scheduled Extra-curricular activities. Regularly offered are: Drama, film-making, football, hockey, volleyball, tennis, art, photography, hiking, craft, cookery and dance as well as a number of academic clubs.

Accreditation

The Britannica International School is a member of:
Council of British International Schools which promotes British International schools of global quality
Council of International Schools which helps support the continuous improvement of international education

References

External links

Britannica International School, Budapest

Budapest
International schools in Hungary
Schools in Budapest
Private schools in Hungary
Cambridge schools in Hungary
Educational institutions established in 1994
1994 establishments in Hungary


title: Bethlehem, Louisiana

text:
Bethlehem is an unincorporated community in Winn Parish, Louisiana, United States.

Populated places in Ark-La-Tex
Unincorporated communities in Louisiana
Unincorporated communities in Winn Parish, Louisiana


title: Alex Usifo

text:
Alex Usifo (born 16 April 1953) is a Nigerian actor.

Career
Usifo auditioned at different media houses including Radio Nigeria Lagos, Voice of Nigeria, NTA Ilorin etc. He made it to the top list, but was dropped because of ‘Quota System’. He was unemployed for years. On the invitation of his friend/brother Peter Okun, Alex attended a Deeper Life Crusade, where he desperately asked God for a change in his condition and he got an answer: ‘look inwards’.

His acting career kicked off in 1984 when he played a major role in the tele-movie The Return of the Native. He took lead roles in Natas and ‘Two People. He started attending NTA, Victoria Island to take part in the weekly series At Your Service. He was part of NTA productions: Echoes of Life, and Turning Wheel, between 1984 and 1987.

Recognition came in 1988 when he starred in Zeb Ejiro's soap opera, Ripples. Usifo portrayed Talaab Abass. The show broke ground in television because few soap operas existed. Talaab Abass was a villain. Alex interpreted the character with bulging eyes and a baritone voice.

Usifo made a name for himself long before Nollywood came into existence. He participated in stage plays including Awero. This was staged at the National Theatre, Iganmu. He appeared in Ola Rotimi's Our Husband Has Gone Mad Again! also staged at the National Theatre. He featured in radio and films.

Recognition
Usifo won awards locally and internationally, including:

 Best Actor - African Collaboration; RLG Ghana Movie Awards 2012
 Best Actor – Ripples; Legends of Nollywood Awards
 AETV London and EHIGLAD Entertainment Presentation
 Lifetime Achievement Award; Nollywood Christian Fellowship 2012
 Excellent Achievement in the Movie Industry; Niger Delta Awards [2009]
 Outstanding Achievement in Nollywood; Bells University Awards
 Award for Excellence in Artistic Creativity; Achievers’ Intl. University and Educational Network
 Peace and Development Award 2013; YELL/Advocacy Magazine & Partnership for Women and Justice
 Distinguished Award for Excellence; Rotract Club of Sagamu
 Inspirational Award; United Nation Council of Churches & Ministerial Fellowship
 Award for Excellence and Exemplary Living; Omega Fire Ministries
 The Snapshots Award; Covenant Christian Centre
 Award of Recognition; Calvary Bible Church
 Bridge Builder Awards; Winners’ Youth Ministry, Badagry
 Award for Leadership Excellence in Nollywood Movies – El Shaddai Ministries Intl.
 Nollywood Icons Award – Nigerian Film Corporation.

Filmography
 End of the Wicked (1999)
Okoro the Prince
Strong Men at Work
Trumpet of Death
Who am I?
Final Point
The Guilty
Azima
Silent Night
Desperadoes
My Love
Classical Fraud (with Ufuoma Ejenobor)
Dangerous Sisters (with Genevieve Nnaji and Dakore Akande)
Enakhe (2020)
The Black Book (with Richard Mofe-Damijo and Sam Dede) (2023)

References

External links

Male actors from Edo State
1953 births
21st-century Nigerian male actors
20th-century Nigerian male actors
Living people
Nigerian male film actors
Nigerian radio personalities
Nigerian male television actors


title: Miodrag Todorović

text:
Miodrag Todorović (; born 10 September 1995) is a Serbian football forward who plays for Car Konstantin.

Career

Car Konstantin
Born in Niš, Todorović started his career with local club Car Konstantin. Beginning of 2012, Todorović signed two-year deal, and became the youngest player with scholarship contract in club history. Later, in 2014, Todorović contract with Radnički Niš, but stayed with Car as a loaned player. For the first 3 seasons, he scored 20 goals on 70 matches in Serbian League East. Miodrag also appeared in final cup matches in the district of Niš for 2013 and 2014. Although he had started 2014–15 season with first team of Radnički Niš, Todorović returned in Car Konstantin on dual registration until the end of season. He also continued playing with club on dual registration for the 2015–16 season.

Radnički Niš
Todorović signed five-year professional contract with Radnički Niš beginning of 2014, but he joined the first team 6 months later, for the 2014–15 season, and he was licensed with jersey number 44, later was given to Bauyrzhan Turysbek, after Todorović left on loan. Todorović made his official debut for Radnički Niš in the Serbian SuperLiga match against Red Star Belgrade, played on 10 August 2014, under coach Dragoslav Stepanović. Later, the same month, he made 1 more appearance, against Jagodina, but later he was to Car Konstantin, where he stayed until 2015. He scored his first SuperLiga goal for Radnički Niš in a match against Javor Ivanjica, played on 21 February 2016. Todorović left the club in summer 2016.

Career statistics

Honours
Car Konstantin
Niš district cup (2): 2013, 2014

Notes

References

External links
 Miodrag Todorović stats at utakmica.rs

1995 births
Living people
Footballers from Niš
Men's association football forwards
Serbian men's footballers
FK Radnički Niš players
Serbian SuperLiga players


title: Tom Hustler

text:
Thomas William Mostyn Hustler (1934–2006) was a society photographer, who photographed weddings and royalty..

Hustler was born at Acklam Hall, his family's ancestral home in North Yorkshire, England, on 3 October 1934. He was educated at Aysgarth School and Eton College and, from 1952, underwent National Service, during which he saw action against communist insurgents in the Malayan Emergency as a lieutenant in the Somerset Light Infantry.

As a photographer, he took pictures of Prince Charles and Princess Anne for National Savings stamps.

He appeared as a castaway on the BBC Radio programme Desert Island Discs on 31 May 1975.

He died in Wokingham, Berkshire on 24 July 2006.

Bibliography

References

1934 births
2006 deaths
Place of death missing
Photographers from Yorkshire
People educated at Aysgarth School
People from Middlesbrough
People educated at Eton College
Somerset Light Infantry officers
British Army personnel of the Malayan Emergency


title: KMG Ethiopia

text:
KMG Ethiopia, also known as Kembatti Mentti Gezzima-Tope (Kembatta Women Standing Together), is an indigenous non-governmental charitable organization based in Kembata, Ethiopia, dedicated to protecting women's rights, fostering women's health and supporting the environment. Founded in 1997 by sisters Bogaletch and Fikirte Gebre, the organization has expanded across the nation.

KMG Ethiopia works to foster change through social revolution and practical assistance, rather than through legislation. 2013's Making Citizens in Africa: Ethnicity, Gender, and National Identity in Ethiopia describes the work of KMG as "groundbreaking and culturally respectful", demonstrating "that reform for women and girls must be inclusive of women and men, it must include traditional power structures, and it will be most successful when it also integrates with anti-poverty and development initiatives." The organization has successfully deployed the "community conversations" technique pioneered by AIDS activist Moustapha Gueye to foster social change in a number of key areas related to the wellbeing of women and girls, including combating female genital mutilation and bridal abduction, and has assisted the Ethiopian government nationally with HIV prevention initiatives. It also works towards providing health care, including creating the Mother and Child Health Centre in Durame, and building schools. It has initiatives engineered at improving life through the environment by providing potable water, sustainable electricity and planting trees.

A 2007 article in The Lancet indicated that co-founder and executive director Bogaletch Gebre had "almost single-handedly eradicated the practice of female genital mutilation in Ethiopia".

History
In November 1997, Ethiopian sisters Bogaletch and Fikirte Gebre came together to create Kembatti Mentti Gezzima-Tope with the goal of helping put an end to female genital mutilation (also commonly called female circumcision) and bridal abduction, the practice whereby women and girls are kidnapped and raped in order to force them into marriage. According to the National Committee on Traditional Practices of Ethiopia, such bridal abductions were the base of 69% of marriages in the country as of 2003. UNICEF's Innocenti Research Center estimates that in 1999 female genital mutilation had 100% social support in the region.

The sisters had been raised in a traditional Ethiopian home, themselves subjected to genital mutilation in their childhoods. Bogaletch Gebre had managed to obtain an education over her father's objections and relocated to the United States, where while earning her PhD in epidemiology she started a charity geared at sending technical books to high school and university students in her native land. In the mid-1990s she returned to Ethiopia with US$5,000, which she invested in local improvements to help win the confidence of the community. She supplemented this with a €500,000 grant from the European Commission, and KMG Ethiopia was born.

Originally operating in two kebele in Ethiopia, the organization began by surveying community members about practices and informing the community of the results, focusing education efforts on individuals who would then spread what they had learned to others. On request of the United Nations, they turned to hosting "community conversations" encouraging people in the region to talk about these subjects. These community conversations, a concept created by AIDS activist Moustapha Gueye, are based on traditional African conventions whereby communities come together for several hours on a regular basis to reach consensus on matters of communal concern. Hundreds of men and women were trained to serve as facilitators at the KMG community conversations, which initially focused on AIDS education. In 2004, due to its successful implementation of the community conversation strategy, KMG was chosen by the Ethiopian government to train people to lead conversations across the country as a key component of HIV prevention in Ethiopia.

Supported by KMG in speaking up, women at these community conversations in the Kembata region first began pressing for women's rights issues such as the right to sit in the presence of men, equal length of education for boys and girls, and a place for women as village elders in making decisions before moving on to female genital mutilation and kidnapping. A video screening of a female circumcision, a surgery locally known as "cutting off the dirt", had a particularly powerful impact. Both men and women in the community responded. Those who took part in conversations formed committees to work on ending the practice, including staging active interventions, with 2,000 trained facilitators across communities. Public celebrations of wholeness followed, with a rally on October 29, 2004 to celebrate intactness being attended by 100,000 people. According to the Innocenti Research Center, as of 2008 local support for female genital mutilation had dropped to 3%.

As of 2013, according to a New York Times profile, 85% of area residents were engaged in KMG's community conversations on multiple topics. Those who attend are encouraged to spread what they have learned to those who do not, with the intention of fostering social revolution on the individual level.

In addition to fostering conversation, KMG Ethiopia has taken an active role in pressing police to prosecute crimes such as bridal abduction. The practice has been illegal in Ethiopia since 2005, but in 2010 The Independent wrote that legal authorities outside the capital were loose in their application of law, with the first person to challenge her bridal abduction—a 13-year-old who could not prove she had been a virgin at the time of her kidnapping—being accused by her own defense attorney of inciting the rape. KMG has fostered support among women and men for victims, including persuading some to proactively intervene to prevent the act. According to The Independent, as of 2010 the rate of bridal abductions in the region had diminished by 90%.

KMG Ethiopia also offers other services, including health care and school construction, as well as creating sports programs and tournaments for girls. It works for maternal care and family planning, founding the Mother and Child Health Centre in Durame. Beyond directly supporting women's rights and health issues, it is also an environmental activism organization, planting over eight million trees and working to provide potable water and sustainable electricity.

To support its work, KMG collects an honorarium at community conversations and also raises money internationally, including from international charitable efforts like Comic Relief.

As of 2013, KMG's activities had spread from its initial two kebele to 26 districts in the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples' Region and the Oromia Region.

Honors
Cofounder and executive director Bogaletch Gebre was awarded the 2005 North-South Prize and in 2007 the Jonathan Mann Award for Global Health and Human Rights. For her contributions to the development of Africa, Bogaletch Gebre was awarded the King Baudouin International Development Prize in May 2013, which she accepted on behalf of her colleagues at KMG Ethiopia.

References

Organizations established in 1997
Women's organisations based in Ethiopia
Human rights organisations based in Ethiopia


title: Grupo Continental

text:
Grupo Continental may refer to
Arca Continental, a Mexican beverage manufacturer, which merged with Grupo Continental in 2011
Grupo Continental, a Honduras conglomeration of businesses, including Banco Continental


title: Corvoidea

text:
Corvoidea is a superfamily of birds in the order of Passeriformes.

Systematics

Corvoidea contains the following families:

 Vireonidae – vireos
 Rhipiduridae – fantails
 Dicruridae – drongos
 Monarchidae – monarch flycatchers
 Ifritidae – blue-capped ifrit
 Paradisaeidae – birds-of-paradise
 Corcoracidae – white-winged chough and apostlebird
 Melampittidae – melampittas
 Laniidae – shrikes
 Platylophidae - jayshrike
 Corvidae – crows, ravens, and jays

References

Passeri
Bird superfamilies
Extant Eocene first appearances


title: Ryder Richards

text:
Ryder Richards (born 1977) is an American artist, writer, and curator. He works in the field of conceptual art, critical theory, and installation. His art practice consists of several bodies of work, often researching cultural violence, conspiracy voids and architectural influence. He has participated in several collaborative art groups.

Early life and education
Richards was born in 1977 in Roswell, New Mexico. He was raised in Roswell, and moved to Lubbock, Texas in 1994.

In 2001, he attained a bachelor's degree in painting and drawing with a minor in architecture from Texas Tech University. His master's degree in painting was awarded from Texas Christian University in 2003. During his studies he attended the Europäische Kunstakademie in Trier, Germany (2002) and Lorenzo De Medici Art Institute in Florence, Italy (2000).

Career
From 2005 to 2010 Richards opened and directed two alternative gallery spaces, Art Depot and Art Depot Annex, in Lubbock, Texas becoming the Gallery Director of Richland College from 2009 to 2012. Richards has taught at Texas Tech University and Texas Christian University. He currently teaches sculpture and drawing at Eastfield College.

Richards has participated in several artist-in-residence programs, most recently spending one year in Roswell, New Mexico (2012–13). Richards has exhibited at the Bellevue Museum, Seattle; Roswell Museum, Roswell, NM; Antena, Chicago; Falling Water, Pennsylvania; Olm Space, Nuechatel, Switzerland; Seed Space, Nashville; Olive Tjaden Gallery, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY; Monkskirche, Tangermunde, Germany; C2 Pottery Gallery, China; BlueOrange, Houston; as well as The Power Station, The Reading Room, and Gray Matters in Dallas. He has participated in the Texas Biennial 2011 and 2013 and the Dallas Biennial 2012 and 2014. Richards has works in the permanent collections of the Anderson Museum of Contemporary Art, and Roswell Museum.

Collaborative practice
In 2007 he co-founded the RJP Nomadic Gallery with Jonathan Whitfill and Piotr Chizinski. The project converts a 24-foot Ryder truck into a traveling exhibition space. The project has led to over 20 exhibits including participation in the Texas Biennial 2011 and exhibiting at Blue Star Contemporary in San Antonio, Texas. In 2011 the founders developed the “RJP Nomadic Gallery Kit 2.0,” an open-source gallery model displayed in the traveling exhibit CTRL+P at Houston Center for Craft in Houston, Texas and Center for Craft, Creativity, and Design in Asheville, North Carolina.

In 2009 Richards became a founding member of Culture Laboratory Collective, an American internet-based collective “working loosely around the question of social cohesion within the context of aesthetic fragmentation.” The Culture Laboratory Collective has worked with contemporary art critics such as Ben Lewis and Noah Simblist. It has conducted exhibitions at locations such as The Nave Museum, in Victoria, Texas as well as in Jingdezhen, Beijing, and Shanghai, China.

In 2012 he became a member of The Art Foundation, a Dallas-based collective who have had a collaborative book, Fountainhead, accepted into the Nasher Sculpture Center, curated Boom Town at the Dallas Museum of Art, and created an installation at The Reading Room for the Texas Biennial 2013.

In 2012, he exhibited a collaborative piece, created with artist Ian F. Thomas, at the 2012 NCECA Invitational Exhibition, located at The Bellevue Arts Museum in Washington.

Curating
Richards has curated numerous exhibits during his tenure as the gallery director of Art Depot, Art Depot Annex, Richland College Galleries, The Cube and in his role as a member of the RJP Nomadic Gallery and Culture Laboratory Collective. Notable curated exhibits include “Boom Town” at the Dallas Museum of Art, Dallas; “Mute: a regional quarterly” at Circuit 12 Contemporary, Dallas; RJP Nomadic Gallery's “Dark Matter” at Blue Star, San Antonio; Culture Laboratory's “Response: Ben Lewis” and “Response: Noah Simblist” exhibited in Houston, Ithaca, and Slippery Rock, PA, and “Construct” at Brazos Gallery, Dallas and Art Depot, Lubbock.

Publishing
Richards has written art reviews for D Magazine Front Row, Glasstire, Art Now Nashville, semigloss. Magazine, and Cornell Press graduate catalogs. In 2014 he founded and is the editor for Eutopia: Contemporary Art Review, “a concise means to access contemporary art" with 100 word reviews.

Richards has also had several interviews and articles written about his work.

Lectures and events
Ryder has moderated panel discussions for the Texas Association of Schools of Art conference in 2011, the Dallas Art Fair in 2012, “Art in the Public Sphere” at McKinney Avenue Contemporary, and “Water: More or Less” Symposium at Richland College in 2009.  He has participated in panel discussion for the Dallas Biennial 2014 at the McKinney Avenue Contemporary, “Boom Town” at the Dallas Museum of Art, “The Community College as Site for Alternative Art” at the Community College Humanities Association National Conference, and “Off Center” for Texas Association of Schools of Art.
He has lectured at the Dallas Museum of Art, Roswell Museum of Art; Fordham University, New York; Arthouse, Austin; and McKinney Avenue Contemporary, Dallas, Texas.

References

1977 births
Living people


title: Vily

text:
Vily may refer to:

Vily, Malagasy common name for species in the fish genus Eleotris
Vily, Malagasy common name for the fish Teramulus kieneri
Vily, a plural of vila (fairy)

See also
 Vili (disambiguation)


title: The Boat Race 1929

text:
The 81st Boat Race took place on 23 March 1929.  Held annually, the Boat Race is a side-by-side rowing race between crews from the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge along the River Thames.  The event featured three Olympic medallists and included the first Danish rower ever to participate in the Boat Race. In a race umpired by former Oxford rower Charles Burnell, Cambridge won by seven lengths in a time of 19 minutes 24 seconds, the fastest winning time since the 1924 race.  The victory, their sixth in a row and their tenth in the previous eleven years, levelled the overall record for the first time since 1863, at 40 wins each.

Background

The Boat Race is a side-by-side rowing competition between the University of Oxford (sometimes referred to as the "Dark Blues") and the University of Cambridge (sometimes referred to as the "Light Blues").  The race was first held in 1829, and since 1845 has taken place on the  Championship Course on the River Thames in southwest London.  The rivalry is a major point of honour between the two universities; it is followed throughout the United Kingdom and, as of 2014, broadcast worldwide.  Cambridge went into the race as reigning champions, having won the 1928 race by ten lengths, with Oxford leading overall with 40 victories to Cambridge's 39 (excluding the "dead heat" of 1877).

Cambridge were coached by Francis Escombe and P. Haig-Thomas (four-time Blue who had rowed between 1902 and 1905).  Oxford's coaches were Harcourt Gilbey Gold (Dark Blue president for the 1900 race and four-time Blue), Guy Oliver Nickalls (who had rowed three times between 1921 and 1923) and Arthur Wiggins (who had rowed for Oxford in the 1912, 1913 and 1914 races).  For the third year the umpire was Charles Burnell who had rowed for Oxford in the 1895, 1896, 1897 and 1898 races. Charles Kent, who rowed for Oxford in the 1891 race, was the finishing judge for the second consecutive year.

Bad weather plagued the practice and build-up to the race: Heavy fog caused the postponement of at least one outing.  The Times rowing correspondent described Cambridge's style as "so easy as to be almost sluggish" while Oxford were "lively to the point of punishing their boat".

Crews
The Cambridge crew weighed an average of 12 st 10 lb (80.5 kg),  per rower more than their opponents.  Oxford saw two rowers return in George Godber and H. C. Morphett.  Cambridge's boat contained five participants with Boat Race experience, including Richard Beesly who was making his third consecutive appearance.  He and Michael Warriner were gold medallists in the coxless four at the 1928 Summer Olympics.  Their cox, Arthur Sulley, won a silver medal in the men's eight.  Three of the Oxford crew were registered as non-British: H. C. Morphett and J. A. Ingles were from Australia, while C. F. Juel-Brockdorff was the first Danish rower in the history of the event.

Race

Cambridge won the toss and elected to start from the Surrey station, handing the Middlesex side of the river to Oxford.  The umpire Burnell started the race at 12:12 p.m. in "gloriously fine weather", and both boats got off to quick starts, with Oxford just ahead after the first strokes.  Level past the boathouses, Cambridge edged ahead to hold a canvas-length lead by Craven Steps. Taking advantage of the Dark Blues' struggle in rough water by Craven Cottage, Cambridge slowly drew ahead and held a three-quarter length lead by the time the crews passed the Mile Post.  A push from the Dark Blues saw them keep in contention until Hammersmith Bridge where, according to L. Cecil Smith writing in The Observer, they "went ahead so fast and steadily as to suggest that even had they lost the toss they would have been able safely to take the Surrey water" while Oxford "had been taken out of their stride".  The Light Blues passed below the bridge with a two-length lead.

A spurt from Cambridge around the Chiswick Reach bend effectively ended the race as a contest.  A final surge from Oxford was held off by Cambridge who passed below Barnes Bridge five lengths ahead.  Here, some of the Dark Blues started to show signs of distress, in particular their bow P. D. Barr who, it was later noted, had been suffering from influenza.  Later reports suggested that Barr may have been suffering from a transient cardiac dysfunction.  Cambridge pulled away from the Dark Blues with every stroke and rated 36 strokes per minute towards the finish, passing the finishing post with a lead of seven lengths in a time of 19 minutes 24 seconds.  It was their sixth consecutive victory, the tenth in the previous eleven years and was the fastest winning time since the 1924 race, and the ninth fastest time in the history of the event. The win took the overall record to 40–40, the first time since the 1863 race that the scores had been levelled.

According to E. P. Evans, former Oxford rower in the 1904, 1905 and 1906 races, writing in The Manchester Guardian, the Cambridge crew was "worthy to be classed with some of the best that Cambridge has turned out", while Oxford "rowed distinctly below their practice form and were a most disappointing crew".  The rowing correspondent for The Times described it as a "crushing defeat" for Oxford, stating that they were "completely outpaced" yet while Cambridge "upheld the tradition of skill", Oxford "upheld that of courage".

References
Notes

Bibliography

External links
 Official website
 The Centenary Varsity Boat Race 1929 at British Pathé

1929 in English sport
The Boat Race
March 1929 sports events
1929 in rowing
1929 sports events in London


title: Azóia, Sesimbra

text:
Azóia is a town in the municipality of Sesimbra, parish of Castelo, near Cabo Espichel.

Towns in Portugal
Populated places in Setúbal District


title: Knemidokoptes

text:
Knemidokoptes is a genus of parasitic mites in the family Epidermoptidae that infect the skin or feather follicles of birds, especially gallinaceous birds (chickens, pheasants, and relatives) as well as parakeets and canaries. Infection commonly causes scaly lesions to form at the face or feet, which is known as knemidocoptiasis.

It was formerly placed in the family  Knemidokoptidae, which is now treated as a subfamily with 15 species grouped in six genera.

Species
Knemidokoptes mutans - also known as the scaly leg mite
Knemidokoptes pilae - scaly face mite

References

Sarcoptiformes
Parasites of birds


title: Rachel Thompson (disambiguation)

text:
Rachel Thompson is an athlete.

Rachel Thompson may also refer to:

Rachel Ford Thompson (1856–1906), British botanist
Rachel Thompson, fictional character in Cuckoo (TV series)
Rachel Thompson, fictional character in Beautiful Dreamer (2006 film)

See also
 Rachel Thomson, professor at Loughborough University


title: The Boat Race 1976

text:
The 122nd Boat Race, an annual side-by-side rowing race between crews from the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge along the River Thames, took place on 20 March 1976 and was won by Oxford by  lengths in 16 minutes 58 seconds, the fastest time in the history of the race.  The race was umpired by former Cambridge rower Farn Carpmael. It was the first race in the event for which an official weigh-in was held, and featured the heaviest rower ever in Steve Plunkett.

Oxford's Isis won the 12th running of the reserve race against Cambridge's Goldie, in a record time of 17 minutes 37 seconds.  In the 31st Women's Boat Race, Oxford defeated Cambridge.

Background
The Boat Race is a side-by-side rowing competition between the University of Oxford (sometimes referred to as the "Dark Blues") and the University of Cambridge (sometimes referred to as the "Light Blues").  The race was first held in 1829, and since 1845 has taken place on the  Championship Course on the River Thames in southwest London.  The rivalry is a "hotly contested point of honour" between the two universities.  Cambridge went into the race as reigning champions, having won the 1975 race by  lengths, and led overall with 68 victories to Oxford's 52 (excluding the "dead heat" of 1877).  The umpire for the race was Farn Carpmael, who had rowed for Cambridge in the 1930 and 1931 races.

The first Women's Boat Race took place in 1927, but did not become an annual fixture until the 1960s. Up until 2014, the contest was conducted as part of the Henley Boat Races, but as of the 2015 race, it is held on the River Thames, on the same day as the men's main and reserve races.  The reserve race, contested between Oxford's Isis boat and Cambridge's Goldie boat has been held since 1965.  It usually takes place on the Tideway, prior to the main Boat Race.

By invitation from the Oxford boat club president Graham Innes, Oxford were coached by Dan Topolski (who had rowed for the Dark Blues in the 1967 and 1968 races) while Cambridge were led by Czechoslovakian former international rower Bohumil Janoušek (more commonly known as Bob Janousek).  Preparations during the week before the race were underwhelming for both crews.  Oxford's performance against a University of London crew was described by Jim Railton of The Times as "abysmal" while Cambridge "disgraced themselves" in a subsequent two-and-a-half-length defeat by their own reserve crew, Goldie.  Both crews had faced the "Lubrication Laboratory" crew from Imperial College London, a "hotbed of rowing", in the lead-up to the official race, but changes in personnel and differences in conditions and race lengths did not demonstrate a clear favourite.

The day before the race, British bookmaking company Ladbrokes announced that they would sponsor the race from the following year.  From 1977, each boat club would be awarded £10,000 and would compete for The Ladbroke Cup.

Crews
For the first time in the history of the event, an official weigh-in was held, organised by The Sunday Times and weighing machine manufacturers W & T Avery Ltd.  Oxford's crew was the heaviest of all time, at an average of just under 14 st 1 lb (89.0 kg) per rower,  more than their opposition, and the first time in the race history, a crew weighed more than an average of 14 st (88.7 kg).  The Dark Blue crew also included Steve Plunkett who, at 16 st 5 lb (103.6 kg) was the heaviest rower in the history of the race.  The Cambridge crew were inexperienced, their only Blue being the Cambridge University Boat Club president Henry Clay who had rowed in the 1975 race.  In contrast, Oxford welcomed back five of their 1975 crew including cox J. N. Calvert, and also included two from the victorious 1975 Isis crew.  Two non-British rowers participated, Americans Dick Cashin (of Harvard) for Cambridge and Ken Brown (of Cornell) for Oxford.

Race

Oxford won the toss and elected to start from the Surrey station.  Leading from the outset, and in calm river conditions, Oxford were a length ahead within a minute.  Four lengths up by the Mile Post, which they reached in a record 3 minutes 35 seconds, the Dark Blues reduced their rating. Further milestone records were broken at Hammersmith Bridge, Chiswick Steps and Barnes Bridge.  Oxford reduced their rating but still extended their lead to six lengths by the finishing post, in a record-breaking time of 16 minutes 58 seconds, 37 seconds quicker than their 1974 colleagues who had previously held the record.  Although Cambridge also beat the existing record, they finished a distant 22 seconds and  lengths behind.

Reaction
Oxford coach Topolski said of his successful crew: "they got three [lengths] up, then they really sat on it and cruised.  The enjoyed the row.  It's a natural thing when the other crew is so far behind."  He was critical of the Cambridge crew: "They didn't really have a lot of talent."

The official winning distance caused controversy.  A discrepancy between the official margin ( lengths) and those reported in various British newspapers, including The Sunday Times, The Daily Telegraph and The Times resulted in a delay in bookmakers paying out on winning bets.

References
Notes

Bibliography

External links
 Official website

The Boat Race
1976 in English sport
1976 in rowing
1976 sports events in London
March 1976 sports events in the United Kingdom


title: Lorna Thompson

text:
Lorna Thompson may refer to:

Lorna Thompson, fictional character in Cuckoo (TV series)
Lorna Thompson, fictional character in Murder, She Wrote, played by Heidi Swedberg
Lorna Thompson, fictional character in We Are Monsters, played by Maisie Williams


title: Communist Party (Turkey, 2014)

text:
Communist Party (, or KP) is a communist party in Turkey founded in 2014.

Development
Following a period of internal strife within the then-defunct Communist Party of Turkey (TKP), the party decided to split in two. On 15 July 2014, the two rival factions reached a consensus to freeze the activities of the former party and that neither faction shall use the name and emblem of TKP. The faction led by Kemal Okuyan and Aydemir Güler founded the Communist Party on 17 July 2014, with the other faction forming the People's Communist Party of Turkey (HTKP).

Electoral performance

References

External links

2014 establishments in Turkey
Communist parties in Turkey
Far-left politics in Turkey
International Meeting of Communist and Workers Parties
Political parties established in 2014


title: Swimming at the 2014 European Aquatics Championships – Men's 50 metre butterfly

text:
The Men's 50 metre butterfly competition of the 2014 European Aquatics Championships was held on 18–19 August.

Records
Prior to the competition, the existing world, European and championship records were as follows.

Results

Heats
The heats were held at 11:15.

Semifinals
The Semifinals were held at 19:02.

Semifinal 1

Semifinal 2

Final
The final was held at 18:07.

References

Men's 50 metre butterfly


title: Drain–Coos Bay stage line

text:
The Drain–Coos Bay stage line was a stagecoach line that operated an overland and marine transportation line that connected the interior of southern Oregon with Coos Bay from 1876 to 1916.

Ownership
The Drain–Coos Bay Stage Company had been organized by Capt. N. J. Cornwall, W. P. Jewett, and O. B. Hinsdale.

Route

Drain to Scottsburg
A stage coach road was established In 1876 between Drain and Scottsburg.  Horse-drawn coaches were in use on the route as late as February 27, 1907.  The stage left Drain, then went along Elk Creek and across Hancock Mountain to Elkton.

At Elkton, there was a stop for a meal, a change of drivers and possibly a new team of horses.  The stage then went on into Scottsburg.  Although the trip was made in one day, mud during the frequent times of rainy weather made it a difficult one.  After Elkton, the route ran along the north side of the Umpqua River to Scottsburg.

Once at Scottsburg, travellers after 1884 could rest at a hotel, the Palmer House, which also served as a depot for the stage.

River travel to Gardiner and south beach
The Drain–Coos Bay Coach Line ran a free shuttle coach to carry passengers from the hotel to the Scottsburg steamboat landing. Travellers would then board a river steamer which ran downstream, stopping at Gardiner, on the north side of the river, or, for travellers going to Coos Bay, at the beach on the south side of the river, near the present town of Winchester Bay.

South Beach to Coos Bay

Once at the south beach, travellers disembarked and were picked up by another set of stages. Freight was also transhipped from boat to wagon.  Ahead of them was a sandy beach, approximately 20 miles long running south toward Coos Bay.  The beach vehicles had purpose-built wide wheels so they would not sink into the sand.

Approximately half-way along the 20 mile route, Tenmile Creek flows into the ocean.  High tide at Tenmile Creek could make it impossible to cross.

On October 23, 1907 (or September 20, 1907) just north of Tenmile Creek, the schooner Novelty came ashore.  The wreck was largely intact, and this and its location near Tenmile Creek made a popular rest stop along the beach route.

The route then proceeded another 10 miles further south and then cut inland along a boardwalk about one mile long to Jarvis Landing on Coos Bay.  Jarvis Landing was across the bay from Empire City on the east side of the north spit at the entrance to the bay.  Once at Jarvis Landing, travellers could proceed by water transport to Empire City, by rowboat at first or later by steamboat or gasoline launch, to North Bend or Marshfield.

Use of automobiles
By March 27, 1915, automobiles were being used along the beach route.

Hazards along the route
On December 9, 1907, the stage left Jarvis Landing at about 6:20, and, upon reaching the beach, encountered water covering the beach from inches to three feet deep.  A large wave came in, carrying a log with it; the log then struck the coach.  A second wave then came, and rolled over the top of the coach, pushing over the coach, and trapping two passengers.  They were rescued by other travellers and, although it was a dangerous situation, no one was seriously harmed.

On July 25, 1913, a traveller at Jarvis Landing, Rev. Father Hughes, while transferring from the stage to stage boat, was hurt when he stepped on a rotted plank at the dock at Jarvis Landing.  He fell through and, in so doing, struck his face on a protruding spike, suffering a severe gash near his eye.

Termination of service
Stage service on the beach run between Winchester and Jarvis Landing ended in April 1916, when a railroad was completed linking Reedsport and Coos Bay.

Notes

References
 Historic Oregon Newspapers (large searchable digital collection)

History of transportation in Oregon
Douglas County, Oregon
Coos County, Oregon
1876 establishments in Oregon
1916 disestablishments in Oregon


title: Carlos Zaragoza

text:
Carlos Marcelino Zaragoza (born January 6, 1973 in Argentina) is a former Argentine footballer who played for clubs of Argentina and Chile.

Teams
  San Miguel 1991–1992
  Santiago Wanderers 1993–1995
  Deportivo Español 1996–1997
  San Miguel 1997–1999
  Banfield 1999–2000
  San Miguel 2000–2002
  Tigre 2002–2004
  Juventud Unida Universitario 2004–2005
  Comunicaciones 2005–2007

Teams
  Santiago Wanderers 1995 (Chilean Primera B Championship)

References

1973 births
Living people
Argentine expatriate men's footballers
Argentine men's footballers
Men's association football defenders
Club Atlético Banfield footballers
Club Atlético Tigre footballers
Deportivo Español footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in Chile
Primera B de Chile players
Santiago Wanderers footballers


title: Dylan Thompson (disambiguation)

text:
Dylan Thompson is an American football quarterback.

Dylan Thompson may also refer to:

Dylan Thompson, an American snowboarder who competed in Winter X Games XVII
Dylan Thompson, fictional character in the TV series Cuckoo


title: Suwan Ornkerd

text:
Suwan Ornkerd (born 12 May 1941) is a former Thai cyclist. He competed in the team time trial at the 1964 Summer Olympics.

References

1941 births
Living people
Suwan Ornkerd
Suwan Ornkerd
Place of birth missing (living people)
Cyclists at the 1964 Summer Olympics
Suwan Ornkerd


title: Omega Electroquartz

text:
The Omega Electroquartz was introduced in 1969 as the first production Swiss quartz watch. It was the collaboration of 20 Swiss watch companies and the movement was utilised by Rolex, Patek Phillipe and Omega amongst others. The Beta 21 movement used in the Electroquartz was accurate to 5 seconds per month, far better than any automatic or manual wind movement of the day.

Introduction

The Omega Electroquartz was the first Swiss quartz watch produced as part of a range called beta 21 watches, the beta 21  was developed at CEH research laboratory by twenty Swiss watch manufacturers. The first production watches were introduced to the market in 1970 very shortly after the world's first commercial quartz wristwatch, the Seiko-Quartz Astron 35SQ in December 1969. The beta 21 is noteworthy and significantly important to the history of watch making as well as the Astron as it marked the first quartz watch produced on an industrial level and began the quartz crisis

Numerous Swiss manufacturers released beta 21 watches, the first Rolex quartz model Texano used the beta 21 movement, Patek Philippe also produce a range of beta 21 models as did the International Watch Company including it in their first Davinci watch.

By far the largest supplier of beta 21 and subsequent beta 22 watches was Omega SA, who produced circa 10,000 Electroquartz watches between 1970 and 1977

Early development

In 1966 after six years of research at Centre Electronique Horloger laboratories in Neuchâtel (CEH), Switzerland the first prototype of a quartz wristwatch was produced, the beta-1, this was the first real quartz wristwatch and operated using an 8192 Hz quartz oscillator, which was mounted to an in-house integrated circuit.

In 1967 the beta-2 was tested and was awarded 'Concours Chronométrique International de l'Observatoire de Neuchâtel' setting a new record for wristwatch accuracy over the test period of 0.003 seconds per day, by contrast even the best chronometers of the day were accurate to around 3–10 seconds per day.

In 1969, two years after the beta-2 tests twenty Swiss watch companies agreed to manufacture 6000 of the beta 21 production watches produced on an industrial level.

In late 1969 a few hundred beta 21 units were produced to exhibit from a range of the agreed manufacturers at the 1970 Basel Fair. These production watches were accurate to 5 seconds per month, far better than any automatic or manual wind chronometer at the time and an enormous leap in accurate time keeping. The movement was a modular design and components were manufactured by individual companies (such as Omega who made the micro motor) and then assembled at three workshops.

The beta 21 watches had a sweeping second hand, which moved smoothly round the dial and ‘hummed’ thanks to the Omega vibrating micro motor.

Production watches

Although 20 watch companies were originally involved in the development of the beta 21 production watch under CEH, not all of these companies took this to production stage. It is indicated that 18 Swiss manufacturers showed beta 21 watches at the 1970 Basel Fair.

Between 1970 and 1971 6,000 beta 21 units were manufactured (Omega's calibre was 1300).

To date there are only known of surviving examples from 12 of the original manufacturers and a number of these are not complete watches:

1. Bucherer : Branded as Bucherer Quartz and available in 18-carat gold or stainless steel models.

2. Bulova:Branded as Accuquartz, available in an 18-carat gold models.

3. Favre-Leuba: This has only ever been seen as a movement with dial and not as a production watch.

4. International Watch Company: Branded as Davinci, International and also as a pocket watch available in a range of precious metals and stainless steel.

5. Jaeger-LeCoultre: Branded as Masterquartz however this has only been seen as a movement with dial and not as a production watch.

6. Omega SA: Branded as Electroquartz and available in 18-carat gold and stainless steel models

7: Longines: Branded as Quartz-Chron, this has only ever been seen as a single production watch in stainless steel.

8. Patek Philippe: Branded as Cercle d'Or available in 18-carat gold models.

9. Piaget: Available in 18-carat gold as date and non date models.

10. Rado: Branded as Quartz 8192, available in Stainless steel and made circa 400 examples.

11. Rolex: Branded as Oysterquartz calibre 5100 available in 18-carat gold.

12. Zenith: This has only ever been seen as a movement without dial and not as a production watch.

Omega's version of the beta 21 wristwatch came in the form of the Electroquartz, the case design was larger at the top than the bottom and as such it gained the nickname 'pupitre' after the French word for writing desk. Omega took 5 examples of the electroquartz to the 1970 Basel Fair in 18-carat gold with integral bracelet and displayed them in a row running continually at exactly the same time to demonstrate their accuracy, they sold all five examples at the Basel Fair.

Shortly after the 1970 fair the Electroquartz became commercially available to the public in 18-carat gold and Stainless Steel, both with the pupitre case design at a cost of £1150 in 18-carat yellow gold with integral bracelet and £330 in Stainless steel on bracelet, by contrast the Moonwatch on bracelet was £93.50 and the now coveted Omega Bullhead was only £90.50.

Further developments

According to records between 1972 and 1974 50,000 beta 22s were produced  (Omega's calibres were 1301 and 1302), although only a tiny number of these appear to have ever made it to production watches based on the availability of used examples now. The beta 22 was a development of the beta 21 available in date and non date models with refined quartz circuits.

Rolex and Patek Philippe as well as IWC and Piaget (amongst others in the original group) produced very small numbers of beta 21/22 watches and towards the mid part of the 1970s all were moving away from the beta 21/22 movement (because of their cost, including the massive R&D costs) and towards more modern quartz technology, including Rolex developing their own in house Oysterquartz movement, which remained in production from 1977 until 2001.

Omega SA made the most use of the beta 21 and beta 22 calibre and kept it in their range of watches until circa 1977.  Throughout this period of time Omega produced a number of variations of the Electroquartz Constellation wristwatch, most famously the pupitre but also in a rectangular case in Stainless steel as well as other date and non date models.

Omega's experimentation with case design throughout the 1970s was never more obvious than in the Electroquartz range of watches, there were numerous case executions, many of the later calibre 1301 and 1302 examples being made in 18-carat yellow or white gold. Omega's range of watches during the 1970s was extensive and included usually three or four Electroquartz variations every year, although they competed with the wider range of Omega products including other quartz watches like the Megaquartz series, the majority of them were precious metal and as such were priced towards the very top end of the Omega line up. The pictured 18-carat non date example sold, when new in 1974, for £2,006, by contrast Omegas then flagship chronograph, the limited edition Speedmaster 125 sold for £186.50.

Omega Electroquartz clock
In addition to the beta 21 Electroquartz watches Omega also developed an 8192 Hz Electroquartz clock, this was Omega SA's first quartz production quartz clock and used a thermo-compensated quartz bar and integrated circuit, produced in very small numbers under caliber 1390.

The quartz clock was supplied in a stylish grey Cycolac resin case, because of the size and complexities of the movement the clock was quite large and weighed in at over 1 kilo.

The clock runs on 4 AA type batteries and has an accuracy of circa 12 seconds per year. It features time and date and has a lever for manually trimming the seconds without interfering with the operation of the watch.

There are very few remaining examples of these clocks, other than those on display at the Omega museum in Bienne and Swiss Time Services in the UK, and there are less than 10 known examples in private collections. The pictured clock (owned by Omega collector Thomas Dick) is serviced and working correctly and is accurate to 12 seconds per year, which is within specification of +/- 1 second per month when kept at a constant temperature of between 10 °C and 30 °C.

Summary

Despite the significance of the beta 21 series of watches the speed of development of quartz wristwatches during the 1970s as well as the influx of reliable quartz technology from Japan meant that the beta 21 and beta 22 wristwatches became obsolete almost as they came into initial production.

Omega's development of their own in house Megaquartz range of watches developed by SSIH included the reliable 32 kHz lines (accurate to 5 seconds per month) as well as their flagship Omega Marine Chronometer (accurate to 12 seconds per year)  rendered even Omegas efforts to reap their investment very difficult.

By the end of the 1970s and into the early 1980s the industry had made such advances in quartz watch technology that Omega were producing 18-carat models which were less than 2mm thick (the dinosaur) which were accurate to 5 seconds per month, as shown in the attached image of watches, which is a stark demonstration of how far quartz technology watches had progressed in less than a decade.

Within ten years of the introduction of the beta 21 the Swiss watch industry was in a quartz crisis. Technology had developed so quickly that quartz movements had become smaller, thinner, more accurate and more reliable whilst being significantly cheaper to manufacture. The influx of cheap, well-made and reliable quartz watches from non Swiss manufacturers mixed with the lack of progress made by the majority of the Swiss watch making industry led to the demise of numerous manufacturers and nearly toppled giants like Omega.

Beta 21 and beta 22 watches are collectable, with Rolex and Patek Phillipe examples in precious metals fetching more than US$20,000 the majority of readily available examples are Omega with prices starting at around US$500 for an average working stainless steel example and rising dependent on the model, rarity and metal. These early quartz watches are proving a sound investment for collectors and are without doubt one of the more important developments in wristwatch technology of the 20th century.

References

External links
 Dosensen

Omega watches


title: OverstockArt.com

text:
overstockArt.com is an American online retailer of wall décor. They specialize in handmade oil paint reproductions of famous artists, which are produced in a factory based in the Shanghai Free-Trade Zone. The company is headquartered in Wichita, Kansas.

It was ranked among Top 1000 fastest-growing private companies in the United States in 2011 and 2012 by Inc. magazine. It was also ranked #820 in Second 500 Guide and featured as Hot 100 e-retailer in 2012 by Internet Retailer.

History
overstockArt.com was founded in 2002 as a home-based business by David Sasson, his wife Stacy, and their partner Amit Yaari. The idea to sell reproductions of famous paintings came from David's brother, Amitai Sasson.

In 2010, the company moved into its own 5,000-square-foot building. At that time the company had 14 employees: 6 in the United States, one in Israel, and 7 in China. According to the company officials, they sold over one million oil paintings by June 2010.

In November 2011, the company announced that it joined forces with the television network Bravo and Magical Elves Production to launch an exclusive line of artwork reproductions from the network's Work of Art: The Next Great Artist reality show.

In 2011, the company diversified by creating a subsidiary ArtistBe.com to sell original art. By June 2014, the site accumulated over 1,500 artists. Reproduced works of some of them are also sold by overstockArt.com in its contemporary art line.

In 2012, overstockArt launched a new version of its Oil Paintings mobile app, which featured an augmented reality tool that enabled users to virtually decorate their walls with art from the store. In 2012, the company was also chosen as one of the first art vendors to be featured at Google Catalogs. It enabled overstockArt.com to increase its number of catalog updates to four times a year instead of one annual edition it produced previously.

References

External links

 overstockArt.com at Google Catalogs.

Online retailers of the United States
Retail companies established in 2002
American art dealers


title: Mildly context-sensitive grammar formalism

text:
In computational linguistics, the term mildly context-sensitive grammar formalisms refers to several grammar formalisms that have been developed in an effort to provide adequate descriptions of the syntactic structure of natural language.

Every mildly context-sensitive grammar formalism defines a class of mildly context-sensitive grammars (the grammars that can be specified in the formalism), and therefore also a class of mildly context-sensitive languages (the formal languages generated by the grammars).

Background

By 1985, several researchers in descriptive and mathematical linguistics had provided evidence against the hypothesis that the syntactic structure of natural language can be adequately described by context-free grammars.
At the same time, the step to the next level of the Chomsky hierarchy, to context-sensitive grammars, appeared both unnecessary and undesirable.
In an attempt to pinpoint the exact formal power required for the adequate description of natural language syntax, Aravind Joshi characterized "grammars (and associated languages) that are only slightly more powerful than context-free grammars (context-free languages)".
He called these grammars mildly context-sensitive grammars and the associated languages mildly context-sensitive languages.

Joshi’s characterization of mildly context-sensitive grammars was biased toward his work on tree-adjoining grammar (TAG).
However, together with his students Vijay Shanker and David Weir, Joshi soon discovered that TAGs are equivalent, in terms of the generated string languages, to the independently introduced head grammar (HG).
This was followed by two similar equivalence results, for linear indexed grammar (LIG) and combinatory categorial grammar (CCG), which showed that the notion of mild context-sensitivity is a very general one and not tied to a specific formalism.

The TAG-equivalent formalisms were generalized by the introduction of linear context-free rewriting systems (LCFRS).
These grammars define an infinite hierarchy of string languages in between the context-free and the context-sensitive languages, with the languages generated by the TAG-equivalent formalisms at the lower end  of the hierarchy.
Independently of and almost simultaneously to LCFRS, Hiroyuki Seki et al. proposed the essentially identical formalism of multiple context-free grammar (MCFG).
LCFRS/MCFG is sometimes regarded as the most general formalism for specifying mildly context-sensitive grammars.
However, several authors have noted that some of the characteristic properties of the TAG-equivalent formalisms are not preserved by LCFRS/MCFG, and that there are languages that have the characteristic properties of mildly context-sensitivity but are not generated by LCFRS/MCFG.

Recent years have seen increased interest in the restricted class of well-nested linear context-free rewriting systems/multiple context-free grammars, which define a class of grammars that properly includes the TAG-equivalent formalisms but is properly included in the unrestricted LCFRS/MCFG hierarchy.

Characterization

Despite a considerable amount of work on the subject, there is no generally accepted formal definition of mild context-sensitivity.

According to the original characterization by Joshi, a class of mildly context-sensitive grammars should have the following properties:
 limited cross-serial dependencies
 constant growth
 polynomial parsing
In addition to these, it is understood that every class of mildly context-sensitive grammars should be able to generate all context-free languages.

Joshi’s characterization is not a formal definition. He notes:

Other authors have proposed alternative characterizations of mild context-sensitivity, some of which take the form of formal definitions.
For example, Laura Kallmeyer takes the perspective that mild context-sensitivity should be defined as a property of classes of languages rather than, as in Joshi’s characterization, classes of grammars.
Such a language-based definition leads to a different notion of the concept than Joshi’s.

Cross-serial dependencies

The term cross-serial dependencies refers to certain characteristic word ordering patterns, in particular to the verb–argument patterns observed in subordinate clauses in Dutch and Swiss German.
These are the very patterns that can be used to argue against the context-freeness of natural language; thus requiring mildly context-sensitive grammars to model cross-serial dependencies means that these grammars must be more powerful than context-free grammars.

Kallmeyer identifies the ability to model cross-serial dependencies with the ability to generate the copy language

and its generalizations to two or more copies of w, up to some bound.
These languages are not context-free, which can be shown using the pumping lemma.

Constant growth

A formal language is of constant growth if every string in the language is longer than the next shorter strings by at most a (language-specific) constant.
Languages that violate this property are often considered to be beyond human capacity, although some authors have argued that certain phenomena in natural language do show a growth that cannot be bounded by a constant.

Most mildly context-sensitive grammar formalisms (in particular, LCFRS/MCFG) actually satisfy a stronger property than constant growth called semilinearity.
A language is semilinear if its image under the Parikh-mapping (the mapping that "forgets" the relative position of the symbols in a string, effectively treating it as a bag of words) is a regular language.
All semilinear languages are of constant growth, but not every language with constant growth is semilinear.

Polynomial parsing

A grammar formalism is said to have polynomial parsing if its membership problem can be solved in deterministic polynomial time.
This is the problem to decide, given a grammar G written in the formalism and a string w, whether w is generated by G – that is, whether w is "grammatical" according to G.
The time complexity of this problem is measured in terms of the combined size of G and w.

Under the view on mild context-sensitivity as a property of classes of languages, polynomial parsing refers to the language membership problem.
This is the problem to decide, for a fixed language L, whether a given string w belongs to L.
The time complexity of this problem is measured in terms of the length of w; it ignores the question how L is specified.

Note that both understandings of polynomial parsing are idealizations in the sense that for practical applications one is interested not only in the yes/no question whether a sentence is grammatical, but also in the syntactic structure that the grammar assigns to the sentence.

Formalisms

Over the years, a large number of grammar formalisms have been introduced that satisfy some or all of the characteristic properties put forth by Joshi.
Several of them have alternative, automaton-based characterizations that are not discussed in this article; for example, the languages generated by tree-adjoining grammar can be characterized by embedded pushdown automata.

Formalisms equivalent to TAG

 Tree-adjoining grammar (TAG)
 Head grammar (HG)
 Linear indexed grammar (LIG)
 Combinatory categorial grammar (CCG)
 Well-nested LCFRS/MCFG of fan-out 2

Formalisms equivalent to general LCFRS/MCFG

 Linear context-free rewriting systems (LCFRS)
 Multiple context-free grammars (MCFG)
 Multicomponent tree-adjoining grammars (MCTAG)
 Minimalist grammars (MG)
 Simple (linear, non-erasing, non-combinatorial), positive range concatenation grammars (sRCG)

Formalisms equivalent to well-nested LCFRS/MCFG

 Non-duplicating macro grammars
 Coupled context-free grammars (CCFG)
 Well-nested linear context-free rewriting systems
 Well-nested multiple context-free grammars

Relations among the formalisms

Linear context-free rewriting systems/multiple context-free grammars form a two-dimensional hierarchy of generative power with respect to two grammar-specific parameters called fan-out and rank.
More precisely, the languages generated by LCFRS/MCFG with fan-out  and rank  are properly included in the class of languages generated by LCFRS/MCFG with rank  and fan-out f, as well as the class of languages generated by LCFRS/MCFG with rank r and fan-out .
In the presence of well-nestedness, this hierarchy collapses to a one-dimensional hierarchy with respect to fan-out; this is because every well-nested LCFRS/MCFG can be transformed into an equivalent well-nested LCFRS/MCFG with the same fan-out and rank 2.
Within the LCFRS/MCFG hierarchy, the context-free languages can be characterized by the grammars with fan-out 1; for this fan-out there is no difference between general and well-nested grammars.
The TAG-equivalent formalisms can be characterized as well-nested LCFRS/MCFG of fan-out 2.

See also

 Tree-adjoining grammar
 Linear context-free rewriting system
 Range concatenation grammar
 Weir hierarchy
 Conjunctive grammar

References

Formal languages


title: Rosina Harrison

text:
Rosina Harrison (1899-1989 aged 90) was a lady-in-waiting, chiefly to Lady Astor, and became known after describing their working relationship in her autobiography.

Harrison, from Yorkshire, became Astor's maid in 1928.

Her autobiography, Rose: My Life in Service, was published in 1975. It was republished in 2011 under the title The Lady's Maid: My Life in Service.

She appeared as a castaway on the BBC Radio programme Desert Island Discs on 20 March 1976.

Biography
  her occupation was being the lady's maid. she called her parents mum and dad. her major accomplishment was working for Lady Astor. she died at age 90.

References

1899 births
Place of birth missing
1989 deaths
Place of death missing


title: Paid in Full (1919 film)

text:
Paid in Full is a lost 1919 American silent drama film starring Pauline Frederick and directed by Emile Chautard. It was produced by Famous Players–Lasky and released by Paramount Pictures. The film is based on the hit 1908 Broadway stage play Paid in Full by Eugene Walter which starred Lillian Albertson. Two previous silent films appeared in 1910 as a short and in 1914 as a feature.

Cast
Pauline Frederick as Emma Brooks
Robert Cain as Joe Brooks
Wyndham Standing as Jimsy Smith
Frank Losee as Captain Williams
Jane Farrell as Mrs. Harris
Vera Beresford as Beth Harris

References

External links

Lithograph lobby poster

1919 films
American silent feature films
Lost American films
American films based on plays
Films directed by Emile Chautard
1919 drama films
American black-and-white films
Remakes of American films
Silent American drama films
1919 lost films
Lost drama films
1910s American films


title: Clapp's Cars Spyder Standard

text:
The Standard is a 4 stroke aircraft engine for Homebuilt aircraft

Design and development
The engine is based on the Corvair engine. It is extensively modified for aircraft use. This modification consists of an IFB Internal front bearing modification to take forward loads.

Applications
Sonex Aircraft Sonex

Specifications (variant)

See also

References

Aircraft piston engines


title: Henrik Åberg

text:
Henrik Åberg (born 1976), is a Swedish singer who won TV4's Sikta mot stjärnorna in 1995, imitating Elvis Presley performing the song "Blue Hawaii", and scoring chart successes in Sweden.

He also represented Sweden in the European final of European Soundmix Show, on 13 April 1996 in Amsterdam, performing Love Me Tender. At Melodifestivalen 1996 he participated with the song Du är alltid en del utav mej written by Lasse Berghagen and Lasse Holm. While the song did not reach the final, it became a Svensktoppen hit for 36 weeks.

Henrik Åberg then went on a summer tour with an own band, where ABBA bassist Rutger Gunnarsson was Kapellmeister. Between 1996 and 1998 he scored totally five Sensktoppen hits. In 2001, "En dans i morgonsolen" with Martinez charted for 17 weeks at Svenskoppen.

Discography

Albums
 Du är alltid en del utav mej (1996, Sony Music)
 Hemma igen (1997, Sony Music)
 Allt jag har (2003, Annie Records och City Music)
 Elvis Forever: A Tribute to the King (2011, with Jack Baymoore)
 Mitt julalbum (2014)

Svensktoppen songs
Du är alltid en del utav mej - 1996
Bara en clown - 1996
Vi ska aldrig ta farväl - 1997
Jenny och jag - 1998
Hemma igen - 1998
En dans i morgonsolen - 2001 (with Martinez)

References

External links

1976 births
Living people
Swedish rock singers
21st-century Swedish singers
21st-century Swedish male singers
Melodifestivalen contestants of 1996


title: Nina Morgan

text:
Nina Morgan may refer to:

Nina Morgan, fictional character in Cuckoo (TV series)
Nina Morgan, fictional character in The Love Boat: A Valentine Voyage, played by Shanna Reed
Nina Morgan, fictional character in Midsomer Murders, played by Genevieve O'Reilly

See also
Nina Morgan-Jones, fashion stylist


title: Neil Morgan

text:
Neil or Neal Morgan may refer to:

Neil Morgan, owner of Ninfa's
Neil Morgan, character in Cuckoo (TV series)
Neal Morgan, musician
Neal Morgan Jr., American writer
Neil Morgan, co-founder of Voice of San Diego and former editor of the San Diego Tribune


title: European Theological Seminary

text:
European Theological Seminary (ETS) is a private, faith-based, accredited, graduate school located in Kniebis (Freudenstadt), Germany. It is part of the educational ministry of the Church of God.

History

European Theological Seminary was founded in 1949 through the initiation of Church of God World Missions. The seminary has undergone several name changes in its history. It began in 1958 as the German Church of God Bible School in Krehwinkel.  The name was changed to the International Bible Seminary (I.B.S.) in 1964, and then became the European Bible Seminary in 1972. In autumn of 2002, the European Bible Seminary relocated to Freudenstadt-Kniebis and with this change of location, the school also changed its name to European Theological Seminary (ETS).

References

External links

Church of God Dept of Education Webpage

Seminaries and theological colleges in Germany
Universities and colleges affiliated with the Church of God (Cleveland, Tennessee)
Universities in Germany
Freudenstadt (district)


title: Avery Hill

text:
Avery Hill is an area of South East London mainly within Royal Borough of Greenwich, and with some parts in the London Borough of Bexley. It is located east of Eltham and north west of Sidcup. It is believed that the area is named after an aviary formerly located in the area.

Avery Hill House
Avery Hill House was a palatial dwelling built by John Thomas North who had made his fortune in the sodium nitrate trade in Chile.

Following North's death the house was acquired by the London County Council in July 1902 and its grounds extended to create Avery Hill Park in 1903. In 1906 North's house became Avery Hill College of Education, later incorporating two neighbouring buildings. Within a year of its foundation, the residential college had become the largest of LCC's training colleges and was frequently oversubscribed; in 79 years it trained over 15,000 teachers. In 1985 the college merged with Thames Polytechnic, renamed the University of Greenwich in 1993; the university also has extensive facilities at the nearby Southwood site.

The university planned to move out of the Mansion site in summer 2020. A Harris Academy boys secondary school is planned to open in 2022.

Winter Garden

The house is notable for an indoor winter garden, the second largest Victorian glasshouse in the UK after Kew Gardens' Temperate House. It forms part of one of the most extensive and expensive garden arrangements ever constructed as part of a private house in England. In the early 21st century, the Winter Garden had fallen into neglect. A campaign aimed to restore the Winter Garden and protect the heritage of the Mansion, making it open to the public.

Avery Hill Park

Avery Hill Park is a public park. Since 2010, the park has hosted a Parkrun on Saturdays.

Transport

Rail
The closest National Rail stations to Avery Hill are Falconwood and New Eltham.

Buses
Avery Hill is served by the following TFL bus routes.
132 to Bexleyheath via Blackfen, Blendon & Bexley or to North Greenwich via Eltham & Kidbrooke
162 to Beckenham via New Eltham, Chislehurst, Bickley, Bromley & Park Langley or to Eltham
286 to Greenwich via Eltham, Kidbrooke, Blackheath & Westcombe Park or to Sidcup
B13 to Bexleyheath via Blackfen & Blendon or to New Eltham
B15 to Bexleyheath via Falconwood & Welling or to Horn Park via Eltham
N21 to Bexleyheath via Blackfen, Blendon & Bexley or to Trafalgar Square via Eltham, Lee, Lewisham, New Cross, Old Kent Road, London Bridge & Cannon Street. Night service.

Nearby areas
Avery Hill borders Falconwood to the north and north east, Blackfen to the east, Sidcup to the south east, New Eltham to the south and south west and Eltham to the west and north west.

References

External links
Friends of Avery Hill Park
Avery Hill Winter Garden
Save and renovate Avery Hill Winter Garden campaign

Districts of the Royal Borough of Greenwich
Areas of London
Eltham


title: Jennifer Euston

text:
Jennifer Euston is an American casting director.

Career
Most recently, she won an Emmy for casting Orange Is the New Black in 2014.

Casting director
(partial list)

Television

 Orange Is the New Black, 2013-2014
 Girls, 2012
 The Pacific, 2010
 Unbreakable Kimmy Schmidt, 2015-
 GLOW, 2017- ,
 Teenage Bounty Hunters, 2020- ,

Film
 Sleepwalk with Me, 2012
 Scott Pilgrim vs. the World, 2010

References

External links

American casting directors
Women casting directors
1974 births
People from West Caldwell, New Jersey
Living people