title: A dos Cunhados e Maceira

text:
A dos Cunhados e Maceira is a civil parish in the municipality of Torres Vedras, Portugal. It was formed in 2013 by the merger of the former parishes A dos Cunhados and Maceira. The population in 2011 was 10,391, in an area of 52.72 km².

References

Freguesias of Torres Vedras


title: Pierre Emile Lelong

text:
Pierre Emile Gabriel Lelong (24 March 1908 – 29 June 1984) was a neo-Impressionist painter based in France, winner of the Grand Prix des Peintres Témoins de Leur Temps in 1972. He is considered one of the postwar group of artists referred to as “La Nouvelle Ecole de Paris.”

Biography
Pierre Emile Lelong was born in 1908 in Neuilly-sur-Seine. His father, Albert Lelong, was a military man from Alsace; his mother, Marie Odette Collot, came from a Parisian family. She died when Pierre was six years old, at the outbreak of the First World War in 1914. Pierre was brought up largely by his grandmother, Madeleine Collot and his great-aunt Huguette. He began to draw and paint at an early age.

In the 1920s he took classes at the Atelier Julien in Paris, but stopped painting in his late teens and early twenties – the period during which he was required to complete his military service. After finishing his tour of duty, he went to work for an insurance company, Mutualité Agricole, where he had a successful career and was able to travel during his vacations.

In about 1933 he started to paint again and by 1935 had rented a studio in Montmartre (91, rue Caulaincourt). He continued to work for the insurance company and to travel. His work appeared in newspapers and magazines. He first exhibited his work at the Salon des Indépendants in 1935, and as part of a group at the Galerie Rotgé. He later destroyed much of his earliest work, so few paintings from this period survive.

Pierre Lelong married Marie-Rose Salvatori, whose family came from Trinidad, in July 1938, and the couple spent four months in Trinidad not long after the wedding. In 1939 he moved his studio to 30 quai de Passy (later the avenue President Kennedy).

When World War II broke out, he became a liaison officer for a British regiment. He was taken prisoner at Dunkirk and sent to Camp Oflag IV-D near Dresden. He spent his time sketching his fellow prisoners and the events in the camp. He was later transferred to an outpost of Stalag IV-A, at Zittau, near the Czech frontier. After at least one failed attempt at escape, he succeeded in 1942 and returned to France, where he turned his sketches into a book Une Vie de Camp, published in 1943.  He spent the remainder of the war in Trinidad with his wife’s family.

During this period (1943–45), he worked on his painting technique, which had been interrupted by his earlier military service and professional career. He and his wife moved to New York City after the war, where their only son, Jean-François, was born. The family returned to France in 1947, and Lelong took a studio at 10, rue des Batignolles.

During the late 1940s, he produced illustrations for various journals, including Cavalcade, Paysage, La Pensée Française, Lisez-moi, Champs-Elysées, Paris-Dimanche, and Fantasia.

La Galerie Doucet arranged a solo exhibition for Pierre Lelong in 1950. Thereafter, he exhibited more and more frequently: the Salon d'Automne, the Salon de la Peinture à l’Eau, the Salon des Indépendants, the Salon du Dessin. His work became increasingly well-known and in 1956, he was invited to do a portrait of the composer Jacques Ibert. He was also commissioned to paint frescos for several institutional clients.

He spent most summers in the south of France, and created a large body of work depicting boats, beaches, bathers, and southern towns. A fall from a horse in March 1961 led to a spell in hospital, but he recovered and continued to paint. A monograph on his work by Gerard Mourgue was published later that year.

He exhibited in the Salon des Peintres Témoins de Leur Temps in 1963. In 1966 he moved to a studio at 74, rue des Plantes, in the 14th arrondissement.

As abstract art became more popular, he wrote articles defending figurative art, including “Pourquoi je suis figuratif” in Connaissance des Hommes in 1971.

He received the Grand Prix of the Peintres Témoins de Leur Temps in 1973 after a successful exhibit at the Galerie Minet. A retrospective of his work was mounted in Nice in 1974 at the Palais de la Méditerranée.

His last major exhibition was at the Galerie d’art de la Place Beauvau in 1980, a series of works depicting the city of Paris. His health began to fail the following year and he died on 29 June 1984. Six months later, his only son was killed in a car accident in Morocco.

Examples of books illustrated by Pierre Lelong
Une vie de camp, preface by Henri Curtil, Presses Victor Michel, 1943.

Les cent nouvelles, special edition produced for the Cercle des Professeurs Bibliophiles de France, 1962.

L’Amour, edition prepared for Peintres Témoins de Leur Temps, 1964.

Les Français, edition prepared for Peintres Témoins de Leur Temps, 1966.

La Bruyère de Septembre, Yves Frontenac, SNPMD Publishers, 1972.

L’Escalier de la Nuit, Yves Frontenac, SNPMD Publishers, 1973.

L’Art d’Aimer, Ovid, Moulin de Vauboyen–Pierre de Tartas. 1973.

L’Art d’Aimer, Ovid, translation by Pirault des Chaumes, Editions Roissard, 1979.

Awards
Prix des Beaux Arts, 1945.

Prix Othon Friesz, finalist, 1952.

Prix Portier, 1955.

Prix de la Biennale de Menton, 1957.

Chevalier de la Légion d’Honneur, 1959.

Grand Prix des Peintres Témoins de Leur Temps, 1972.

Solo exhibitions
Galerie Maurice Deuillet, Paris, 1958.

Galerie Carlier, Paris, 1959.

Leicester Galleries, London, 1960.

Galerie Carlier, Paris, 1961.

Galerie Walter, New York, 1967.

Galerie Mirage, Montpellier, 1968.

Galerie Carlier, Paris, 1969.

Galerie Walter, New York, 1970.

Distelheim Galleries, Chicago, 1971.

Galerie Squarcifichi, Tokyo, 1972.

Galerie d’art de la Place Beauvau, Paris, 1972.

Galerie 65, Cannes, 1973.

Galerie d’art de la Place Beauvau, Paris, 1973.

Retrospective, Palais de la Méditerranée, Nice, 1974.

Galerie d’art de la Place Beauvau, Paris, 1976.

Galerie de Noyers, Yonne, 1977.

Galerie d’art de la Place Beauvau, Paris, 1978.

Galerie Squarcifichi, Tokyo, 1979.

Galerie d’art de la Place Beauvau, Paris, 1980.

Galerie Triade, Barbizon, 1987.

References

1984 deaths
1908 births
Impressionist artists
20th-century French artists


title: Radkov (Opava District)

text:
Radkov () is a municipality and village in Opava District in the Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 500 inhabitants.

History
The first written mention of Radkov is from 1377.

Notable people
Harald Hauptmann (1936–2018), German archaeologist

References

External links

Villages in Opava District


title: Jeff Richardson (American football)

text:
Jeffrey Richardson (born September 1, 1944) is a former American football offensive lineman who played three seasons in the American Football League (AFL) with the New York Jets and Miami Dolphins. He was drafted by the New York Jets in the sixth round of the 1967 NFL Draft. Richardson played college football at Michigan State University and attended Johnstown High School in Johnstown, Pennsylvania. He was a member of the New York Jets team that won Super Bowl III.

References

External links
Just Sports Stats
Fanbase profile

Living people
1944 births
American football offensive linemen
Michigan State Spartans football players
New York Jets players
Miami Dolphins players
Players of American football from Johnstown, Pennsylvania
American Football League players


Torres Vedras (São Pedro e Santiago e Santa Maria do Castelo e São Miguel) e Matacães is a civil parish in the municipality of Torres Vedras, Portugal. It was formed in 2013 by the merger of the former parishes Torres Vedras (São Pedro e Santiago), Torres Vedras (Santa Maria do Castelo e São Miguel) and Matacães. The population in 2011 was 25,717, in an area of 62.44 km2.

References

Freguesias of Torres Vedras


title: CHMB Inc.

text:
CHMB Inc. is one of the largest California-based companies that provide business services for doctors and physician practices. It was one of the first businesses of its kind. CHMB is an acronym that means California Healthcare Medical Billing. CHMB Inc. is based in San Diego and was founded in 1995 by CEO Bob Svendsen and President Janet Boos.

The company partnered with Allscripts in 2008 to increase its service offerings. It acquired Davis & Associates Healthcare Solutions in 2011. Additionally, Allscripts ultimately acquired the controlling interest in CHMB in April 2015 for $11.1 million. Currently, CHMB operates on the Allscripts platform and now does service work using the Epic platform.

References

Companies based in San Diego


title: Lhotka u Litultovic

text:
Lhotka u Litultovic () is a municipality and village in Opava District in the Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants.

Gallery

References

External links

Villages in Opava District


title: Philip Sugden

text:
Philip Sugden (January 27, 1947 – found dead April 26, 2014) was an English historian, best known for his comprehensive study of Jack the Ripper case, including the books The Complete History of Jack the Ripper, first published in 1994, and The Life and Times of Jack the Ripper (1996). He was the first academic historian to work on the case.

Early life

Philip Sugden was born on January 27, 1947, in Kingston-upon-Hull, England, the younger of twin boys. His brother was John Sugden, the internationally acclaimed historian, and author of Tecumseh, a Life, Nelson, A Dream of Glory, and Nelson, The Sword of Albion, among other works.  Their father, John Henry Sugden (1914–1996), was a painter and decorator,  whose seasonal trade made him vulnerable to spells of unemployment and short hours; their mother, Lily (née Cuthbertson, 1914–1981), eventually took part-time factory work to keep the boys at school.

Philip Sugden left school at the age of 16 and was employed by Humber Joiners and in the offices of the Hull Corporation Parks Department before completing his A-levels at the Hull College of Commerce. He graduated from the University of Hull in 1972.

In 1976, he took a teaching position at Chenet School in Cannock. But his first love remained research and writing, and he had become absorbed in the history of crime in the Georgian era. A detailed study of the London underworld of Jack Sheppard, a celebrated criminal of the early 18th century, became a lifelong preoccupation.

Studies of the Whitechapel murders

In 1988, Sugden returned to Hull to concentrate upon full-time research and writing. His book The Complete History of Jack the Ripper was completed after nine years of research.

As John Sugden remarked in his preface to Amy's Last Flight (p. 4), his brother's "trademarks" were "the patient collection of relevant evidence, the even-handed and fearless evaluation of primary sources, and an inherent sympathy for those who had lived in other times and circumstances."

Although Philip Sugden respected some of those who had written about Jack the Ripper, he was scathing about the amount of fraudulent and slipshod writing. In an essay for Camille Wolff's Who Was Jack the Ripper? (p. 81) he wrote:

Sugden's book did not set out to name Jack the Ripper, but to painstakingly reconstruct the crimes within the context of the London of 1888, and to establish as accurate a record as possible. Only with such a foundation was it possible to measure the various suspects, and in his book he found insufficient evidence to accuse any of those named by the police or subsequent enquirers. The strongest case, he believed, could be made against the Polish-born George Chapman, but he emphasized that even that was weak and highly circumstantial. The book received both critical and popular success.

Other work

Throughout his life, Sugden's interests were wide-ranging and he spoke authoritatively about numerous subjects, including natural history (especially fishes and the conservation movement), American frontier history, piracy and privateering, the Age of Discovery, crime in 18th-century London, the campaigns of Alexander the Great and Hannibal, popular music (particularly American punk rock) and French cinema. In all of these areas, he found topics of consuming interest, to which he devoted close and painstaking research.

Two books were almost completed at the time of his death. A Cabinet of Curiosities contained several studies of controversial or unexplained events relating to history and natural history. One of the chapters, dealing with the death of the Hull aviator Amy Johnson, was published posthumously. Sugden's greatest work was, however, his study of the career of the English criminal Jack Sheppard and the London underworld of the early 18th century. The research spanned forty years of Sugden's life, and was begun before historical crime became a fashionable subject among historians. He contributed an article on Sheppard to The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography and had almost completed The Georgian Underworld of Jack Sheppard at the time of his death. Its completion has been undertaken by his brother, John.

A work of a different and lighter kind, produced jointly with his brother, was a sprawling epistolary novel based on imaginary communities in contemporary Hull and Yorkshire.  It contains a lively portrait of life in East Yorkshire at that time.

Bibliography
 "Puckridge: A Cautionary Tale," Ripperana no. 3 (1993), pp. 55–62.
 The Complete History of Jack the Ripper (Robinson, 1994) [revised editions published in 1995 and 2002]
 "Who Was Jack the Ripper?" in Camille Wolff, ed., Who Was Jack the Ripper? (1995), pp. 91–82.
 The Life and Times of Jack the Ripper (1996)
 "More on Hats," Ripperana no. 16 (1996), pp. 6–7.
 Reviews in Ripperana no. 19 (1997), pp. 16–21, and no. 20 (1997), pp. 16–17.
 "Jack the Ripper (The Whitechapel Murders, 1888)," in Roger Wilkes, ed., The Mammoth Book of Unsolved Crimes (1999), pp. 422–34.
 Articles on Thomas Lightowler, Elizabeth Lyon, William Page, John Rann, Gamaliel Ratsey, John Sheppard, George Joseph Smith and Sir Thomas de Veil in Colin Mathew, ed., The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (2004), vol. 33, p. 766; vol. 34, p. 910; vol. 42, pp. 334–35; vol. 46, pp. 43–44, 107–108; vol. 50, pp. 260–63; vol. 51, pp. 135–36; and vol. 56, p. 233.
 "Lives of the Convicts: Solving a Problem in Printing History," Hackney History vol. 15 (2009), pp. 3–8.
 Amy's Last Flight: The Fate of Amy Johnson in 1941 (Highgate Press, Beverley, 2015)
 A Cabinet of Curiosities (unfinished)
 Forbidden Hero — The Georgian Underworld of Jack Sheppard (unfinished)
 The Thief of Hearts: Claude Duval and the Gentleman Highwayman in Fact and Fiction, with John Sugden (Forty Steps, 2016)

References

Further reading

 John Markham, "Amy's Last Flight: Unlocking the Secrets of Aviator's Mysterious Death" by Philip Sugden, 'Hull Daily Mail', 7 November 2015.
 "John Sugden" in 'Contemporary Authors, New Revision Series', Volume 90, 2000, pp. 394-96

1947 births
2014 deaths
People from Kingston upon Hull
English historians
English non-fiction crime writers
Historians of Jack the Ripper


title: Iulian Teodosiu

text:
Iulian Teodosiu (born 30 September 1994) is a Romanian sabre fencer, winning a team silver medal in the 2013 World Fencing Championships.

Career
Teodosiu took up fencing at the age of 9 after coaches from his local club, CSS Slobozia, came at his school to do a presentation. He describes this first contact as "love at first sight". Teodosiu practiced sabre along with future teammate Alin Badea under coaches Marin Mihăiță and Marius Pușcașu.

Teodosiu joined the national team at the age of 18, after the 2012 Summer Olympics, when three of its four members retired from sport. His first competition with the team was the Madrid World Cup, where Romania earned a bronze medal. Mădălin Bucur was selected in his place for the 2013 European Fencing Championships in Zagreb, but head coach Mihai Covaliu called him back as reserve for the World Championships in Budapest. In the individual event, he was eliminated in the table of 64 by Valery Pryiemka of Belarus. In the team event, Romania defeated Australia, then Poland, and hosts Hungary to meet Belarus in the semi-final. Teodosiu entered the piste on 30-24 for Belarus and defeated Aliaksei Likhacheuski 11–4 to give his team the lead. Romania finally prevailed 45–44. In the final against Russia, Teodosiu lost 5–7 his first relay against Nikolay Kovalev, as well his second, with 4–6 against newly crowned World champion Veniamin Reshetnikov. Romania were defeated 45–38 and took the silver medal.

Teodosiu joined CS Dinamo in the 2013–14 season. With his new club he won the European Champion Clubs' Cup in Gödöllő, closing the final against Hungary's Vasas SC after his captain Tiberiu Dolniceanu was injured. In the European Championships in Strasbourg, Teodosiu lost in the table of 64 against Hungary's Tamás Decsi. In the team event, Romania met Belarus in the quarter-finals. Teodosiu entered the last leg on 40–42 to replace injured Alin Badea. He could not prevent Aliaksandr Buikevich from closing 45–41. Romania then entered the placement rounds and defeated Ukraine and Hungary to finish No.5. In the World Championships in Kazan, Teodosiu was eliminated in the table of 64 by Veniamin Reshetnikov. In the team event, Romania met Olympic champion South Korea in the quarter-finals. Teodosiu gave his team an early lead, which he later consolidated against Won Woo-young, but Romania were eventually defeated 45–41 and finished 7th after the placement rounds.

He won one of the bronze medals in the men's sabre event at the 2022 World Fencing Championships held in Cairo, Egypt.

Teodosiu graduated from National College Mihai Viteazul in Slobozia. He studies psychology.

References

External links
Profile  at the European Fencing Confederation

1994 births
Living people
Romanian male fencers
Romanian sabre fencers
People from Slobozia
Fencers at the 2015 European Games
European Games medalists in fencing
European Games silver medalists for Romania
Fencers at the 2020 Summer Olympics
Olympic fencers for Romania
World Fencing Championships medalists
21st-century Romanian people
Sportspeople from Ialomița County
Fencers at the 2023 European Games


title: Tolstoy Park

text:
Tolstoy Park (also known as the Henry Stuart House and the Hermit House) is a historic residence in Montrose, Alabama.  The house was built by Henry Stuart, an Englishman who had emigrated to the United States as a child.  Stuart was living in Nampa, Idaho, when he was diagnosed with tuberculosis and advised to move to a warmer climate to live out his days.  In 1923, he purchased 10 acres (4 ha) outside Fairhope, Alabama, which he named Tolstoy Park.

Stuart began building a circular, domed hut in 1925, pouring each concrete block himself.  Construction was completed in less than a year, although delayed by a hurricane in September 1926.  The house is about 14 feet (4.2 m) in diameter and sunk 2 feet (61 cm) into the ground.  Six top-hinged windows circle the building, and there were two skylights in the roof that are now permanently closed.  Stuart sought to live a simple life, growing much of his own food and weaving rugs on a loom he brought from Idaho.  He kept a guestbook for visitors to sign; notably, lawyer Clarence Darrow visited the hut six times.  Stuart left Alabama in 1944, moving to Oregon to live with his son, where he died in 1946.

Today, the hut and a large oak tree are all that remain of Stuart's estate; a parking lot for a real estate office surrounds the hut.  A novel based on Stuart's life, The Poet of Tolstoy Park, was published in 2005.  The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2006.

References

Houses completed in 1926
Houses in Baldwin County, Alabama
National Register of Historic Places in Baldwin County, Alabama
1926 establishments in Alabama


title: Femi Mimiko

text:
Nahzeem Olufemi "Femi" Mimiko (born 1 May 1960) is a Nigerian educational administrator and former vice chancellor of Adekunle Ajasin University, a state-owned university named after the former governor of Ondo State, Nigeria, Adekunle Ajasin. The university was ranked the best state university in Nigeria by the United States Transparency International Standard (USTIS) in April 2014. Mimiko was the only vice chancellor delegate at the National Conference in Nigeria held in 2014 under the administration of President Goodluck Jonathan. Mimiko assumed office in January 2010 and was preceded by Philip Olayede Abiodun. In 2016, he had a stint as African and African-American Studies Associate, at Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.

Education
Mimiko was born in Ondo State, Nigeria. He attended Ondo Anglican Grammar School in 1973 and St. Joseph's College from 1973 to 1977. He obtained a B.Sc. (Political Science) and M.Sc. (International Relations) from Obafemi Awolowo University in Ile Ife, Nigeria. His areas of research interest are comparative political economy, development and transition studies and international relations.

Academic career
Mimiko has been described as an "erudite scholar" and is the author of several books. He wrote The Global Village, The Korean Economic Phenomenon and Crisis and Contradictions in Nigeria's Democratization Programme, 1986–1993. He was a panelist at the 2005 University of Texas conference that examined how popular cultures have evolved and contributed to the character of Africa.
He is presently a Professor of Political Science at Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria.

Awards
Mimiko received the US Military Academy Army Commander's Public Service Award in June 2004. He was named the Best Security Conscious Vice Chancellor in the country by the International Institute of Professional Security (IIPS) in 2013-2014.

Personal life
Mimiko is the immediate younger brother of Dr. Olusegun Mimiko, a former governor of Ondo State, Nigeria.

See also
 Obafemi Awolowo University

External links
 www.aaua.edu.ng
 Prof N. Oluwafemi ‘Femi’ MIMIKO, mni – Website of the Department of Political Science

References

1960 births
Living people
Vice-Chancellors of Nigerian universities
Obafemi Awolowo University alumni
Academic staff of Adekunle Ajasin University


title: Education in Somaliland

text:
Education in Somaliland is provided in public and private schools. Education is Somaliland is managed by Ministry of Education and Science which controls the development and administration of state schools, it's also has an advisory and supervisory role in private schools.

Ministry of Education and Science

The Ministry of Education and Science of Somaliland is a national body implementing the executive functions relating to the development of state policy and to legal regulation in the following spheres: basic education, secondary/vocational education, non-formal education, special needs education and higher education in both public and private institutions.

Somaliland Education System
The Somaliland education system has four main levels: pre-primary, primary/alternative, secondary/vocational and higher education.

Pre-primary (early childhood), integrated into formal education and private Quranic School systems, runs for up to two to three years. Primary schooling lasts for eight years and is divided into elementary (lower primary) and intermediate (upper primary) cycles, both lasting four years. Secondary education and vocational training also run for four years. The tertiary level for both systems runs for a minimum of two years with many running for four.

See also

 Ministry of Education and Science (Somaliland)
 Ahmed Mohamed Diriye
 List of universities in Somaliland
 List of schools in Somaliland
 National Library of Somaliland

References


title: William Henry Koebel

text:
William Henry Koebel (1872–1923) was an English author and businessman. He is best remembered today for his books on trade and travel within Portugal (and Madeira)., the Caribbean, Central America and South America.  His books continue to be studied today by academics.

Life

Koebel was born in Forest Hill, London, England.
Having focussed on Portugal in his earlier years as a writer, painting a detailed and colourful portrait of the country in its final months under a monarchy, he travelled the Caribbean, Central and South America. He worked to expand British trade in the regions, most successfully in Chile and especially the port of Valparaiso which was a major British trading port before the construction of the Panama Canal. His most successful and influential book is the South American Handbook which he first published in 1921 and continues to be edited and reprinted as recently as 2014.

Works

Portugal, Its Land and People (1909)
Madeira: old and new (1909)
In the Maoriland bush [1911]
South American Handbook (1921)
British Exploits in South America: A History of British Activities in Exploration, Military Adventure, Diplomacy, Science, and Trade, in Latin America (1917)
Argentina, Past & Present (1922)
Uruguay... (1923)
South America (1923)
Modern Argentina, the El Dorado of To-Day, with Notes on Uruguay and Chile (1923)
South America: An Industrial and Commercial Field (1923)
In Jesuit Land, the Jesuit Missions of Paraguay (1923)
Modern Chile; With Illustrations and Map  (1923)
The Great South Land; the River Plate and Southern Brazil of To-day (1923)

References

External links

1872 births
1923 deaths
English travel writers


title: Fish stringer

text:
A fish stringer is a line of rope or chain along which a fisherman can string fish so they can be immersed and kept alive in water.

A rope stringer (pictured) is the simplest type of fish stringer. It consists of a line of rope or wire with a stringing needle made of metal or hardwood at one end. The other end usually has a removable wire ring which can be used to secure the stringer. Using the needle, the stringer is threaded through the fish gill and out through its mouth, or better, it is threaded through the upper and lower lips which allows the fish to breathe freely though its gills.

Chain stringers are made of chain, and have safety-pin snaps strung along the length which can be clipped onto the fish. Whether fishing from the shore or from a boat, the strung fish can be held in the sea (or lake, pond or river) so they stay alive until the fisherman has finished fishing and is ready to release the fish or take it home.

References

Fishing equipment


title: KZN Literary Tourism

text:
KZN Literary Tourism is a literary tourism research project initiated in 2002 by Professor Lindy Stiebel, a lecturer in the English Studies department at the University of KwaZulu-Natal. The project has created an online archive of over a 100 writers linked to the KwaZulu-Natal province, collected reviews of local literature, conducted interviews of local authors, promoted local literary events such as Time of the Writer and investigated “the links between literature and tourism in scholarly colloquia and publications”. The project has also been responsible for creating eight writer trails which attempt to connect writers, their works and place within the province.

History

KZN Literary Tourism was born out of a “larger National Research Foundation project focused on Identity and Tourism, based at the University of Durban-Westville”. Despite the wealth of literary talent produced by KwaZulu-Natal very little had been done to promote literary tourism within the province.  After being given a five-year grant by the National Research Foundation (NRF), the project began to remedy this situation by constructing an “online archive of writers associated in one way or another with KwaZulu-Natal …; to investigate the links between literature and tourism in scholarly colloquia and publications; and to support a number of students involved in the project through bursaries”. In addition to this, the project created a “series of documentary films made by David Basckin and Zoë Molver about writers including Lewis Nkosi, Marguerite Poland and poets Douglas Livingstone and Roy Campbell. These films were archived by the National English Literary Museum (NELM) in Grahamstown.

Aims

The post-NRF part of the project has focused on the development of the project’s website. This includes improving the online archive which would also feature the writers on a Google Earth map that displays the places they are associated with. Additionally, the site included reviews of local literature, podcasts, promotion of local literary events such as Time of the Writer, and drawing revenue from advertising for publishers and booksellers.

The project also publishes literary trails; “routes which bring together writers and the places about which they write - a literary map of the region”.   These trails attempt to create awareness of local writers  with the potential of creating appreciation of the writers  and aiding the sales of their publications. The trails are run by community guides who are trained by the project.

Trails

The trails include a concise bibliography of selected writers, an extract from their works and the places they are linked to.  In order for a writer to be included they need to have either been born within the KwaZulu-Natal province or have written “extensively or intensely and typically about the region or places within it”. Since 2005, the project has compiled and printed eight literary trails; Rider Haggard  (2005), Alan Paton (2006), Grey Street Writer’s (2007), Cato Manor Writer’s (2008), INK Writer’s Trail (2009), Midlands Writer’s Trail (2010), South Coast’s Writer’s Trail (2011) and North Coast Writer’s Trail (2012). The INK Writer’s Trail is the project's most popular trail.

Reception

The research conducted by KZN Literary Tourism has been well received by the media. Described as providing “fascinating sites, information and experience to people interested in local literature”, the project has been commended for its impact in KwaZulu-Natal. It has been recognised for boosting local tourism.  It has played a role in making the province's tourism identity more complex and sophisticated by offering more than the “gorgeous geography” and “temperate climate” the province is traditionally celebrated for.

The project has provided an outlet for those interested in “struggle tourism” which deals with tourism encompassing South Africa's anti-Apartheid history. Additionally, the project has been lauded for promoting reading by making literature “accessible and exciting”.

Several components of the project have been appreciated.  The trail brochures designed by Disturbance, a Durban-based design studio, have been commended, the website deemed “excellent”, the creation of podcasts have been commended, while the Google maps have been described as “nifty” and “useful”. The academic papers on the project's website have been praised as “invaluable” to those involved in tourism and/or interested in the KwaZulu-Natal province.  June Drummond in Conversation with Zoe Molver, a film produced by the project, was described as a “well-researched film” of a “high standard” that continued the “valuable work done by David Basckin and Zoe Molver in producing films which provide valuable insights into the lives of various South African writers.”

Individual trails run by the project have been recognised for their quality. Of the Rider Haggard trail, Gateway to Kwazulu-Natal writes that it is a “fantastic approach to exploring the province and its history”.  Yasantha Naidoo recommended the Grey Street Literary Trail “for those wanting to experience the rich, cultural heritage of Durban’s oriental district”. Through the South Coast Writer's Trail, the project has been acknowledged as expanding the history of the region to more than just a “holiday destination, somewhere to lie on the beach [or] try to find elusive sardines and take a well-earned break”. Instead, the trail explores the regions “intriguing literary history” such as the place indentured Indian labourers worked on sugar-cane plantations and the place the magazine, Voorslag, was created.

According to Stiebel, the enthusiastic response from people who have gone on the trails “has been positive and enlightening”.

Achievements

In 2009 Stiebel revealed the project's website received more than 5000 hits per month. The project has featured at the Midlands Meander Literary Festival in 2010, the 2011 Franschhoek Literary Festival, and the 2015 Ramsgate Literary Festival. In 2014 the project's Grey Street Trail was endorsed as a parallel project to the 25th International Union of Architects World Congress which was held in Durban. Despite the niche market the project caters to, it has received significant attention from international and national students and tourists interested in the field. In 2017 Niall McNulty and Lindy Stiebel published A Literary Guide to KwaZulu-Natal, a compilation of their research over several years.

References

External links

Research projects


title: GFRA4

text:
GDNF family receptor alpha-4 (GFRα4), also known as the persephin receptor, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GFRA4 gene.

See also
 GFRα

References


title: Carolyn Eisele

text:
Carolyn Eisele (June 13, 1902 – January 15, 2000) was an American mathematician and historian of mathematics known as an expert on the works of Charles Sanders Peirce.

Education and career
Eisele was born on June 13, 1902, in The Bronx, New York City.
She studied at Hunter College High School and then Hunter College, graduating Phi Beta Kappa in 1923.
She earned a master's degree in mathematics and education from Columbia University in 1925.
At that time, Columbia did not offer Ph.D.s in mathematics to women, but Eisele continued her graduate studies at the University of Chicago (where she studied differential geometry) and the University of Southern California before returning home to New York, without a doctorate, to care for her injured father. Her studies also included opera singing, with  Jeanne Fourestier in Paris in 1931 and later with Los Angeles-based voice coach Morris Halpern, whom she married in 1943.

Eisele taught mathematics at Hunter College for nearly 50 years. She began teaching as an instructor there after her college graduation in 1923, eventually reached the rank of full professor in 1965, and retired in 1972.

Eisele died on January 15, 2000 in Manhattan, New York City.

Peirce studies
As a student at Columbia University, Eisele took a course in the history of mathematics from David Eugene Smith, but her professional contributions to the subject began in 1947, when she took a sabbatical to prepare for a course in the history of mathematics that she had been asked to teach at Hunter College. While working in the George Arthur Plimpton collection at the Columbia University library, she found a manuscript by Charles Sanders Peirce on Fibonacci's Liber Abaci and in 1951 she published a paper about her discovery in Scripta Mathematica. Other early works of Eisele on Peirce included his correspondence with Simon Newcomb and his Peirce quincuncial projection for maps of the world. Her work on Peirce took a holistic view, in which his contributions to philosophy and logic were treated as part of a whole together with his contributions to mathematics and science, rather than as separate and unrelated chapters in his life.

Eisele served as the president of the Charles S. Peirce Society from 1973 to 1975.
In 1976, Eisele began publishing a multi-volume collection of Peirce's writings that she had edited, the New Elements of Mathematics, and in the same year she helped organize the Peirce Bicentennial International Congress in Amsterdam.

Books
Studies in the Science and Mathematical Philosophy of Charles S. Peirce: Essays by Carolyn Eisele (1979)
Historical Perspectives on Peirce’s Logic of Science: A History of Science (1985)

Awards and honors
Eisele was named a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 1960.

On her retirement from Hunter College in 1972, Eisele joined the Hunter Hall of Fame. She was given honorary doctorates from Texas Tech University in 1980 and from Lehigh University in 1982.

In 1980, Eisele became an honorary member of the crew of the United States Coast Guard ship USC&GSS Peirce. In 1981, a symposium on Peirce studies was held in her honor at Hunter College, the proceedings of which were published as a festschrift in Historia Mathematica. In 1985, Eisele was given the Behavioral Sciences, History and Philosophy of Sciences award from the New York Academy of Sciences. Her other honors include a Doctor of Humanities degree awarded by Texas Tech University in 1980 and a Doctor of Science degree awarded in 1982 by Lehigh University.

References

1902 births
2000 deaths
American women mathematicians
Charles Sanders Peirce
Hunter College alumni
Columbia Graduate School of Arts and Sciences alumni
Texas Tech University alumni
Hunter College faculty
20th-century American mathematicians
20th-century American women scientists
20th-century women mathematicians
Fellows of the American Association for the Advancement of Science


title: 2014 Yunnan earthquake

text:
2014 Yunnan earthquake may refer to one of three different earthquakes in Yunnan Province, China:
2014 Yingjiang earthquake, a 5.6 Mw earthquake in Yingjiang County which occurred in May
2014 Ludian earthquake, a 6.1 Mw earthquake which occurred in Ludian County in early August
2014 Jinggu earthquake, a 6.1 Mw earthquake which occurred in Jinggu County in early October

See also
List of earthquakes in 2014
List of earthquakes in China


title: Esperança Real FC do Congo

text:
Esperança Real FC do Congo is an Angolan sports club from the city of Mbanza Congo, in the northern province of Zaire.
The team currently plays in the Gira Angola.

Achievements
Angolan League: 0

Angolan Cup: 0

Angolan SuperCup: 0

Gira Angola: 0

League & Cup Positions

Manager history

Players

See also
Girabola

References

External links
 Official blog
 Girabola.com Profile

Association football clubs established in 1978
Football clubs in Angola
Sports clubs and teams in Angola


title: 2014 Seguros Bolívar Open Bogotá – Singles

text:
Mariana Duque was the defending champion, having won the previous event in 2011, but lost in the semifinals to Johanna Larsson.

Lara Arruabarrena won the tournament, defeating Larsson in the final, 6–1, 6–3.

Seeds

Main draw

Finals

Top half

Bottom half

References
 Main draw

Seguros Bolivar Open Bogota - Singles
Seguros Bolívar Open Bogotá


title: 2014 Seguros Bolívar Open Bogotá – Doubles

text:
Andrea Gámiz and Adriana Pérez were the defending champions, having won the previous event in 2011, but both players chose not to participate.

The second seeds Lara Arruabarrena and Florencia Molinero won the title, defeating Melanie Klaffner and Patricia Mayr-Achleitner in the final, 6–2, 6–0.

Seeds

Draw

References
 Draw

Seguros Bolivar Open Bogota - Doubles
Seguros Bolívar Open Bogotá


title: Sam Walton (American football)

text:
Samuel Thaw Walton (January 3, 1943 – May 9, 2002) was an American football tackle who played three seasons  with the New York Jets and Houston Oilers. He was drafted by the Jets in the third round of the 1968 NFL Draft. Walton played college football at East Texas State University and attended Melrose High School in Memphis, Tennessee. He was a member of the New York Jets team that won Super Bowl III.

After his football career ended Walton became homeless on the streets of Memphis, Tennessee and died of a heart attack in 2002. His teammates had attempted to help him but were unsuccessful.

References

External links
Just Sports Stats
Fanbase profile

1943 births
2002 deaths
Players of American football from Memphis, Tennessee
American football offensive tackles
African-American players of American football
Texas A&M–Commerce Lions football players
New York Jets players
Houston Oilers players
20th-century African-American sportspeople
21st-century African-American people


title: Desert sucker

text:
The desert sucker or Gila Mountain sucker (Catostomus clarkii),  is a freshwater species of ray-finned fish in the sucker family, endemic to the Great Basin and the Colorado River Basin in the United States. It inhabits rapids and fast-flowing streams with gravelly bottoms. It is a bi-colored fish with the upper parts olive brown to dark green, and the underparts silvery-tan or yellowish. The head is cylindrical, tapering to a thick-lipped mouth on the underside. This fish can grow to  in Arizona but is generally only about half this size elsewhere. There are three subspecies, found in different river basins, and some authorities allot this species its own genus Pantosteus.

Description
Desert suckers are bicolored; the back and upper sides are darker, olive-brown to dark green, and the belly and lower sides are deep-yellow to silvery tan. The scales on the upper half of the body have dark spots which form faint dashed lines. Their head is cylindrical, tapering to a blunt face with the lower lip about three times as thick as upper lip. The mouth is on the underside (ventral) of the face and is proportionately large. The dorsal fin of the desert sucker has 10 to 11 rays. The adult lengths range from  in smaller streams, but up to  in  Arizona. Their weight ranges from .

Distribution
The desert sucker is found in Nevada, Utah, Arizona and New Mexico. The desert sucker occurs in the lower Colorado River basin, below the Grand Canyon, particularly in the Gila River, and above the Grand Canyon in streams in the Virgin River basin, the White River basin and others.  The total range area of the desert sucker is estimated at .

Habitat
Desert suckers prefer ripply waters, rapids and flowing streams with gravelly bottoms.

Reproduction
Desert suckers reach maturity in their second year. Spawning occurs in winter and spring from January through May.

Subspecies
Three subspecies have been identified: the White River desert sucker, Catostomus clarkii intermedius (sometimes known as White River mountain sucker, Pantosteus intermedius),  Virgin River desert sucker, Catostomus clarkii utahensis, and the Meadow Valley Wash desert sucker, Catostomus clarkii (unnamed).

Some ichthyologists regarded these as  members of the genus Pantosteus, but later authors regard Pantosteus as a subgenus of  Catostomus.  There are suggestions of hybridization between Catostomus clarkii and Catostomus insignis.

References

 Lee, David S. et al.  (1980) Atlas of North American Freshwater Fishes North Carolina State Museum of Natural History, Patricia Ledlie Bookseller Inc,
 Clarkson, Robert W. and Minckley, W. L. (1988) "Morphology and foods of Arizona catostomid Fishes: Catostomus insignis, Pantosteus clarki, and their putative hybrids" Copeia 1988: pp. 422–433
 Sublette, James E.; Hatch, Michael D. and Sublette, Mary (1990) "Catostomus (Pantosteus) clarki Baird and Girard - desert sucker" The Fishes of New Mexico University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque, pp. 205–207,
 Smith, G. R. 1992. "Phylogeny and biogeography of the Catostomidae, freshwater fishes of North America and Asia" Pages 778-826 In Mayden, R. L. (ed.) (1992) Systematics, historical ecology, and North American freshwater fishes Stanford Univ. Press, Stanford, California,

External links

Desert sucker
Endemic fish of the United States
Fish of the Western United States
Freshwater fish of the United States
Fauna of the Southwestern United States
Fauna of the Great Basin
Fauna of the Mojave Desert
Fauna of the Lower Colorado River Valley
Taxa named by Spencer Fullerton Baird
Taxa named by Charles Frédéric Girard
Fish described in 1854


title: Lucas Family Cemetery

text:
Lucas Family Cemetery is a historic plantation cemetery located near Mount Pleasant, Charleston County, South Carolina. It was established in 1825, and the walled plot includes several grave markers signed by Charleston carvers. Eleven gravemarkers remain, dating from 1825 to 1892, and five are brick box tombs with slab or table tops. The cemetery is significant for being a rare example of traditional family cemetery arrangement in the lowcountry.

The cemetery was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998.

References

External links

Cemeteries on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
1825 establishments in South Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in Charleston County, South Carolina
Mount Pleasant, South Carolina


title: Christmas Hurricane of 1902

text:
The Christmas Hurricane of 1902 (, ) was a strong European windstorm which struck Denmark and Sweden on 25 December 1902.

In Sweden, it hit Scania, parts of southern Kronoberg County and the west coast. Around 50 fishermen were killed, while very few people on land were killed. Material damages, measured in millions of Swedish crowns, were reported. The storm destroyed, among other things, open-air baths in Varberg, Mölle and Malmö (one in Ribersborgsstranden – the Ribersborgs open-air bath – and one in Sibbarp), and the Örgryte Church tower spire fell off.

References

1902 natural disasters
1902 in Denmark
1902 in Sweden
1902 disasters in Denmark
1902 disasters in Sweden
European windstorms
Weather events in Denmark
Weather events in Sweden
Winter weather events
December 1902 events


title: Lambusart

text:
Lambusart () is a village of Wallonia and a district of the municipality of Fleurus located in the province of Hainaut, Belgium.

References

Former municipalities of Hainaut (province)


title: Chitipa South (Malawi Parliament constituency)

text:
Chitipa South is a constituency for the National Assembly of Malawi, located in the Chitipa District of Malawi's Northern Region. It elects one Member of Parliament by the first past the post system. The constituency is currently represented by People's Party MP Werani Chilenga.

Election results

References

Constituencies of the National Assembly of Malawi


title: King Cemetery

text:
King Cemetery (38CH1590) is a historic African American cemetery near Adams Run, Charleston County, South Carolina, containing at least 183 graves. Oral history documents the extensive use of the graveyard during slavery and continuing into the first half of the 20th century. Distinctive characteristics include the placement of grave goods, ranging from ceramics to bottles to household furniture, on the grave and the use of plant materials as markers.

The cemetery was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.

References

African-American history of South Carolina
Cemeteries on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in Charleston County, South Carolina


title: White sucker

text:
The white sucker (Catostomus commersonii) is a species of freshwater cypriniform fish inhabiting the upper Midwest and Northeast in North America, but it is also found as far south as Georgia and as far west as New Mexico. The fish is commonly known as a "sucker" due to its fleshy, papillose lips that suck up organic matter and aufwuchs from the bottom of rivers and streams.

Other common names for the white sucker include bay fish, brook sucker, common sucker, and mullet. The white sucker is often confused with the longnose sucker (C. catostomus), because they look very similar.

Etymology
The specific name, commersonii, is in honor of French naturalist Philibert Commerson.

Description
The white sucker is a long, round-bodied fish with a dark green, grey, copper, brown, or black back and sides and a light underbelly. The fish also has typical features of primitive Cypriniformes fishes, such as a homocercal tail, cycloid scales, and dorsal, pectoral, and pelvic fin rays. When full grown, it can reach lengths of  and weigh . The fish's suckermouth, with its fleshy lips, is located in an inferior position at the bottom of its head, as the fish obtains its food from bottom surfaces. The white sucker is often mistaken for different species of suckers and redhorses, but can be distinguished by the complete lateral line system containing 55-85 small scales. The white sucker is able to use chemosensory to sense and avoid predators and other conspecific species during day and night.

Distribution and habitat
The white sucker is highly adaptable to different habitats and changing environmental influences.
Generally, the white sucker is found in small streams, rivers, and lakes in the Midwest and East Coast of the United States. The white sucker is also relatively tolerant of turbid and polluted waters. It does, however, have low breeding success in acidified waters, which can be caused by acid rain.

Diet habits
The white sucker is a bottom feeder, meaning that it uses its fleshy lips to suck up bottom sediments and other organisms that may be located there. It will eat almost anything it can, but most commonly small invertebrates, algae, and plant matter. Larger predatory fish species such as walleye, trout, bass, northern pike, catfish, muskellunge, and sauger naturally prey on the white sucker.

Reproduction
The white sucker usually spawns in shallow water or streams in April and May; spawning may possibly be initiated by temperature changes and runoff from early snow melt. Two or more males may gather with one female, which releases up to 10,000 eggs that can be fertilized by the gathered males.

Importance to humans
A very common fish, the white sucker is usually not fished for food, though some consider it good to eat. It is most often used as bait; the young are sold as sucker minnows. When it is eaten by humans, it is usually processed and sold under the name of mullet. The IGFA world record for white sucker stands at 6 lb 8 oz (2.94 kg) taken from the Rainy River near Loman, Minnesota in 1984.

Fossil record
Fossils of this fish, C. commersonii, in the United States occur as early as the Early Pleistocene (1.8 million years ago).

References

Further reading
Lacépède BG (1803). Histoire naturelle des poissons, Tome cinquème. Paris: Chez Plassan. lxviii + 803 pp. (Cyprinus commersonnii, new species, pp. 604–611). (in French and Latin).

External links

Species profile by Earl J.S. Rook
Wisconsin Sea Grant Fish of the Great Lakes species profile
Nova Scotia Department of Agriculture and Fisheries factsheet
World Register of Marine Species entry

Catostomus
Freshwater fish of the United States
Fish of the Great Lakes
Fish described in 1803
Extant Pleistocene first appearances
Freshwater fish of North America


title: Old Florence Water Tower

text:
The Old Florence Water Tower is a historic water tower in Florence, Alabama.  It was built in 1889 by the Jeter and Boardman Gas and Water Association to increase water capacity in the town, which was undergoing a boom in population.  The tower has a masonry base that is  high,  in diameter, with supports tapering from   thick.  The wrought iron tank is  in diameter, and is composed of six  bands, giving a capacity of .  It was replaced with a new tower in 1935.  The tower was listed on the Alabama Register of Landmarks and Heritage in 1979 and the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.

References

National Register of Historic Places in Lauderdale County, Alabama
Water towers on the National Register of Historic Places
Buildings and structures completed in 1889
Buildings and structures in Florence, Alabama
Water towers in Alabama


title: Claudio Fernández-Aráoz

text:
Claudio Fernández-Aráoz is an Argentinian author, international speaker and global expert on talent and leadership, ranked by BusinessWeek as one of the most influential executive search consultants in the world. He is currently a senior adviser of Egon Zehnder. Before joining Egon Zehnder in 1986, he worked at McKinsey & Company in Europe. He is a frequent lecturer at the Harvard Business School. In 2008 he also won the Konex Award as one of the most importants executive of that decade in Argentina.

Background
Fernández-Aráoz earned a Master of Science in Industrial Engineering from the Pontifical Catholic University of Argentina, graduating with a Gold Medal, and an MBA from Stanford University, where he graduated with honors as an Arjay Miller Scholar.

Work
He is the author of It's Not the How or the What but the Who (Harvard Business Press, 2014), Great People Decisions (Wiley, 2007) which was acclaimed by Jim Collins, Daniel Goleman and Jack Welch, and has published several bestselling articles on the topic of People Decisions, including Hiring Without Firing, The Definitive Guide to Recruiting in Good Times and Bad, How to Hang On to Your High Potentials, and the June 2014 cover article 21st Century Talent Spotting of the Harvard Business Review. He has also written for MIT Sloan Management Review.

References

External links
Claudio Fernández-Aráoz at Harvard Business Review
Claudio Fernández-Aráoz at Egon Zehnder
Fernández-Aráoz at World Business Forum
How Raising Beef Calves Reveals the Best Strategy for Hiring Executives post by Fernández-Aráoz at Forbes
Claudio Fernández-Aráoz speaking on Morning Joe at MSNBC
Using Simple Math, An Expert Proves You're Passing on Top Talent at Inc. (magazine)

Sources

Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
People from Buenos Aires
Pontifical Catholic University of Argentina alumni
Lecturers
Stanford University alumni


title: David Madden (Jeopardy! contestant)

text:
David "Dave" Madden (born June 13, 1981) is an American game show contestant, academic competition organizer, and art historian. He is a former 19-day champion on Jeopardy! and holds the eighth-longest streak in Jeopardy history (tied with Jason Zuffranieri and behind only Ken Jennings, Amy Schneider, Matt Amodio, James Holzhauer, Mattea Roach, Cris Pannullo, and Julia Collins in this respect).

Madden is the founder and executive director of the for-profit National History Bee and Bowl, the International History Bee and Bowl, the United States Geography Championships, the US Academic Bee and Bowl, the National Science Bee, The International Science Bee, the National Humanities Bee, the National Political Science Bee, the International History Olympiad, and the International Geography Bee franchises. These are all organized under the umbrella organization of International Academic Competitions, a company owned by Madden.

Early life
During his time at Dade County High School in Dade County, Georgia, Madden competed on his school's Quiz Bowl team, which he captained to a second-place finish at the 1999 National Academic Championship. Madden attended Princeton University, graduating as a Woodrow Wilson School major in 2003. He attended the Free University of Berlin, receiving a master's degree in international relations.

Jeopardy!
Making his first appearance on the July 5, 2005 episode, Madden continued on a winning streak through September 19, winning a total of nineteen games and $432,400. His last appearance during non-tournament play was on September 19, when he was defeated by Victoria Groce, a musician from Decatur, Georgia. During the 2006 Tournament of Champions, Madden won his first-round match (defeating the eventual winner of the Tournament, Michael Falk), but failed to win his semifinal match, taking home a consolation prize of $10,000 and bringing his total to $442,400.

Madden first watched Jeopardy! with a babysitter when he was 11–12 years old. Madden would get the correct response to more clues than his babysitter. Madden claims to have studied a great deal in preparation for the show, which helped him with the clues. Madden's parents did not realize he was going to be on Jeopardy! until his first game aired.

Madden's streak of 19 wins in regular games was the second-longest in Jeopardy! history (after Jennings). He was later surpassed by Julia Collins (20 wins in 2014), James Holzhauer (32, 2019), Matt Amodio (38, 2021), Amy Schneider (40, 2022) and Mattea Roach (23, 2022). Madden now has the seventh-longest Jeopardy! winning streak tied with Jason Zuffranieri. His total winnings in regular games, $432,400, were also the second-highest (after Jennings). Madden currently has the sixth-highest total winnings including tournament play.

Madden was invited to take part in 2014's Battle of the Decades Jeopardy! event but declined due to contractual issues. However, he was invited and was able to participate in the 2019 Jeopardy! All-Star Games tournament featuring 18 past champions. Madden was selected as the seventh out of 12 picks in the All-Star Games Draft in September 2018, thus becoming a member of "Team Brad", led by the all-time Jeopardy winnings leader, Brad Rutter, along with his former Princeton University Quiz Bowl teammate, Larissa Kelly who was the sixth pick in the draft.

Team Brad won their first-round match and in the final episode, airing on March 5, 2019, Team Brad won the All-Star Games Tournament grand prize of $1,000,000, which was split between the three team members. After Madden's share of the prize, his all-time Jeopardy! earnings totaled $775,733.33.

Other work

From July 2007 to February 2008, Madden hiked the length of the east coast of the United States as a fundraiser for the Fisher House Foundation, a charity that provides free accommodations for family members of veterans at American military hospitals.

See also
 List of notable Jeopardy! contestants

References

External links
 Madden's personal blog detailing his hike

1981 births
Jeopardy! contestants
Living people
People from Ridgewood, New Jersey
Ridgewood High School (New Jersey) alumni
Princeton University alumni
Free University of Berlin alumni
American art historians
Historians from New Jersey


title: Alexander Bache U.S. Coast Survey Line

text:
Alexander Bache U.S. Coast Survey Line is a historic geodetic survey line located at Edisto Island, Charleston County, South Carolina. This base line was surveyed by Alexander Dallas Bache and his assistants during January 1850. They buried granite blocks at each endpoint and then placed a granite monument on top of each block.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2007.

References

Monuments and memorials on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Government buildings completed in 1850
Buildings and structures in Charleston County, South Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in Charleston County, South Carolina


title: Grabovička River

text:
The Grabovička River ( / Грабовичка ријека, "Grabovica River") is  one of left tributaries of the Vrbanja River.  It rises nearby to Miljevići village (around 1050 metres above sea level), below the road to Golo Brdo (Naked Hill), on south slopes of Ježica (1276 m) and Zastijenje (loc: Zāstinje – Backrocks; 1230 m).

Regional road Skender Vakuf – Travnik runs along the ridge of the Undervlašić's plateau. The ridge marked the border between Vrbanja's and Ugar basins. This river enters into deep canyon, with depth as much as 350 meters. Grabovička River runs through this canyon near Grabovica, old village.

The mouth of Grabovička River is in the new part of Grabovica village (Bosnia) after which this river is named. In some sources it is (incorrectly) referred to as  "Grabovačka River" ( / Грабовачка ријека). The mouth is 450 meters above sea level and its length is around 8 km.

During the War in Bosnia, in Grabovica's Elementary school, around 200 Bosniaks "disappeared" from Večići village and its surrounding settlements. Their remains remain undiscovered.

See also
Vrbanja (river)
Grabovica, Kotor Varoš
Šiprage
Kotor Varoš

References

External links
http://www.maplandia.com/bosnia-and-herzegovina/republika-srpska/kotor-varos/
http://www.geody.com/geospot.php?world=terra&map=col&ufi=-85418&alc=ktr&start=150
https://web.archive.org/web/20141219052551/http://www.panoramio.com/map#lt=44.478702&ln=17.483626&z=4&k=2&a=1&tab=1&pl=all

Rivers of Bosnia and Herzegovina


title: Lionel Bradley Pett

text:
Lionel Bradley Pett (12 November 1909 – 2003) was a Canadian biochemist and nutritionist.

Academic career
Pett earned a BSA from Ontario Agriculture College, an MA and a PhD from University of Toronto before an MD from the University of Alberta. He worked at the  University of Toronto and  the University of Alberta before moving to the Nutrition Division of the Department of Pensions and Health in Ottawa, Ontario.

After his death, the questions were raised about the ethics of post-war experimentation he carried  out with Frederick Tisdall involving First Nations communities. The experiments appear to pre-date the 1966 seminal paper by Henry K. Beecher on the nature of informed consent and have become known as the First Nations nutrition experiments. Pett has been defended by his son.

Selected works
 Early stages of carbohydrate degradation by bacteria. MSc thesis, University of Toronto, 1932.
 The enzymatic breakdown of phosphoric acid esters. PhD thesis,  University of Toronto, 1934.
 Vitamin Requirements of Human Beings  Vitamins & Hormones Volume 13, 1955, Pages 213–237
 A Canadian Table of Average Weights Can Med Assoc J.  1 January 1955; 72(1): 12–14.
 A Canadian table of average weights for height, age, and sex American Journal of Public Health

References

External links
 google scholar

Academic staff of the University of Toronto
1909 births
2003 deaths
People from Winnipeg
Ontario Agricultural College alumni
University of Toronto alumni
University of Alberta alumni
Canadian biochemists
20th-century Canadian civil servants
Academic staff of the University of Alberta


title: 1997 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships – Men's 4 × 100 metre medley relay

text:
The men's 4 × 100 metre medley relay competition at the 1997 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships took place on August 13 at the NISHI Civic Pool.  The last champion was the United States.

Records
Prior to this competition, the existing world and Pan Pacific records were as follows:

Results
All times are in minutes and seconds.

Heats
Heats weren't performed, as only seven teams had entered.

Final
The final was held on August 13.

References

4 × 100 metre medley relay
1997 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships


title: John Neidert

text:
John Thomas Neidert (born June 18, 1946) is a former American football linebacker who played three seasons with the Cincinnati Bengals, New York Jets and Chicago Bears. He was drafted by the Bengals in the sixth round of the 1968 NFL Draft. Neidert played college football at University of Louisville and attended Archbishop Hoban High School in Akron, Ohio. He was a member of the New York Jets team that won Super Bowl III.

References

External links
Just Sports Stats
Fanbase profile

Living people
1946 births
Players of American football from Akron, Ohio
American football linebackers
Louisville Cardinals football players
Cincinnati Bengals players
New York Jets players
Chicago Bears players


title: Lewis (musician)

text:
Randall A. Wulff, better known by his stage name Lewis, and also known as Lewis Baloue and Randy Duke, is a Canadian singer and musician. He released a number of albums in the 1980s, but did not become widely known until they were re-released in 2014.

Early and personal life
Lewis' family live in British Columbia but he is estranged from them; in August 2014 his brother stated that he had not seen Lewis since 2007. His father and uncle had lost touch with him some years previously.

During the recording process of his 1980s albums Lewis worked as a stockbroker, and lived in Calgary. He lived with his girlfriend in an apartment with all-white furniture.

Career
Lewis recorded two albums in 1983 and 1985 (L'Amour and Romantic Times) that were mostly forgotten until a record collector discovered L'Amour in an Edmonton flea market. They were both re-released by Seattle-based record label Light in the Attic in 2014.

L'Amour was recorded in Los Angeles in 1983. Lewis disappeared soon after the photoshoot by Edward Colver for the album cover, after his cheque to Colver bounced.

Romantic Times was originally released in 1985 under the 'Lewis Baloue' pseudonym. An original copy of the album sold on eBay in 2014 for $2,000.

Two further albums - Love Ain't No Mystery (recorded under the 'Randy Duke' pseudonym) and Hawaiian Breeze were also released by different record labels in 2014 and 2015 respectively.

Under a different pseudonym, Lewis is also believed to have recorded a number of "very soft, religious music" albums in Vancouver in the mid-2000s which were never released.

In 2014 Lewis stated that he was continuing to perform music, but that he was not interested in his earlier releases.

Recent activity
In 2022, a short film concerning Lewis, entitled I Thought the World of You directed by Canadian filmmaker Kurt Walker, toured the film festival circuit and garnered praise: ″Walker’s film perfectly captures the hauntology of dollar-bin, vanity-pressing gold. He recreates the edges of Lewis’s life with a lush romanticism, following his white convertible down tree-lined highways, spying him through the window of his recording booth. All the while, Walker keeps Lewis turned away from the camera, reserving him a certain privacy.″

Discography

References

Date of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Canadian male singers
Year of birth missing (living people)
Canadian male singer-songwriters
Canadian singer-songwriters


title: Gary Gannaway

text:
Gary Gannaway (born Albert Carlyle Gannaway III on July 30, 1954) is an American businessman, entrepreneur, and philanthropist. Gannaway received the Entrepreneur of the Year Award from Merrill Lynch, Ernst & Young and Inc. magazine in its inaugural year.

Early life
Gannaway was born Albert Carlyle Gannaway III in Los Angeles, California on July 30, 1954, the son of Albert Carlyle Gannaway Jr. and Dana Gibson Gannaway. Albert was a businessman. He controlled Gannaway Corporation and produced several well known motion picture films along with the "Stars of the Grand Ole Opry" which featured many legendary country music stars including Chet Atkins, Marty Robbins, June Carter, Minnie Pearl, Jimmy Dickens, and many others. Albert was the first to produce a television series using 35mm color film when television was exclusively in black and white. Albert was a famous songwriter who wrote with Johnny Mercer. Albert wrote songs for artists such as Nat King Cole, Bob Hope, Frankie Lane, Frank Sinatra, and many others.

His mother, Dana Gannaway, is a former Vogue model and Budweiser Girl.

Gannaway is best known for the Grand Ole Opry show. The footage and rights his two grandchildren own. From his father, Gary learned the fundamentals of business.

Gannaway attended Castle Heights Military Academy followed by three years of service in the Marine Corps. In 1974, Gannaway was one of 18 men in the Marines Elite Force Recon.

Career

Early career
After the Marines, Gannaway joined Metromedia Producers Corporation and quickly became the top seller.

In June 1980, Gannaway left Metromedia to start his first company, specifically selling his father's show, Country Classics.  He went on to sell Time-Life shows as well, including G.I. Diary and Wild, Wild World of Animals. His experience selling syndication ultimately led to Gannaway founding Genesis Entertainment three years later with his own capital.

Genesis Entertainment
In 1982, Gannaway founded Genesis Entertainment. It is the only company to have launched all pilots and shows it brought to the marketplace, which included over 22 series such as The Marvel Action Hour, The Whoopi Goldberg Show, National Geographic Specials, Access Hollywood, Spider-Man, Highway to Heaven, Grand Ole Opry Stars of the 50s, CBS' Top Cop, The Judge, Biker Mice from Mars, Paradise Beach, Real Stories of the Highway Patrol, HBO's Tales from The Crypt, ABC's Emergency Call, among others. Genesis became the first company to launch 100 percent of its pilots in an industry where, at the time, only 3 percent of TV pilots made it to series. With Classic Country in 1983, Genesis was the first syndication company to provide co-op dollars to stations, which were then used to help promote the show. Genesis is believed to be one of the first syndication companies to service the ad sales department of participating stations, helping them capture more local advertising dollars. The company also helped stations research local markets and develop sales programs to attract upscale advertisers.

Gannaway introduced the marketing concept of bartering off-network series in the late afternoon/early evening timeslot with Highway to Heaven in 1989. Instead of paying Genesis in cash, stations would get seven minutes of local advertising per episode and give Genesis five. A number of major series adapted Gannaway model, now an industry standard, including Columbia Pictures Television's hit sitcom Designing Women and Warner Bros. Television's Family Matters have been marketed on a barter basis. Gannaway's marketing efforts and contributions helped Genesis become one of the largest suppliers of national syndication ad units in the early 1990s. During the 1992-93 TV season, Genesis sold 9,412 30-second spots to national advertisers.

On May 21, 1993, Gannaway merged Genesis with Ronald Perelman taking the company public and later selling to FOX.

WorldNow
Gannaway founded Worldnow which became the leading provider of digital content management and monetization platforms, recognized for its patent-pending Studio Gateway platform, which unifies linear and digital workflow. WorldNow's proprietary technology provides TV broadcasters, newspapers, and other media companies with the digital tools and national advertising representation needed to launch websites that support videos and complement the companies' traditional services.  The technology platform developed by WorldNow is a cloud-based, Saas, Paas, Iaas platform that unifies CMS, mobile, video management and publishing.

Gannaway's company advertising arm became the largest Google advertising client. On October 7, 2013, the company and Google held a joint conference.

Awards, recognition and achievement
Merrill Lynch, Ernst & Young, and Inc. named Gannaway "Entertainment Entrepreneur of the Year". It was the first time the trio had ever named an Entrepreneur of the Year from the entertainment business.

Gannaway sat on the board of Johns Hopkins. During this time, Gannaway co-pioneered and funded hypertonic solution to break up brain clots. This is now industry standard.

In 2009 Gannaway was chosen by Wharton University to participate in its Entrepreneur-in-Residence program, mentoring undergraduates and MBA candidates then considering careers as entrepreneurs.

In January 2015 WorldNow received top honors for its innovation and product advancement by the Business Intelligence Group. Worldnow was recognized for its patent-pending Studio Gateway platform.

References

American media executives
Living people
1954 births
20th Century Studios people


title: Meadow Brook Amphitheatre

text:
The Meadow Brook Amphitheatre (originally the Meadow Brook Music Festival) is an outdoor pavilion music venue, located at 3554 Walton Boulevard in Rochester Hills, Michigan on the campus of Oakland University.

The venue seats 7,701 patrons with 2,819 pavilion seats and 4,882 in the lawn.

History
Opened in 1964, Meadow Brook Music Festival was the summer residence of the Detroit Symphony Orchestra through 1991. It has since become a historic venue for various concerts and shows. It also holds graduation ceremonies for various high schools in the area. The venue came under the management of Palace Sports and Entertainment in 1994 where it still remains today.

Barns
The two remaining of the 10 original barns on Meadow Brook Estate have been situated on what is currently the Meadow Brook Music Festival grounds since they were relocated from their original site in 1935. In 2014, one of the barns was restored while the other was torn down. Both were originally constructed around the 1910s.

External links
Official website

References

Oakland University campus
Music venues in Michigan
Tourist attractions in Oakland County, Michigan
Buildings and structures in Oakland County, Michigan


title: Robert M. Holley

text:
Robert M. Holley (July 1913 – January 4, 1977) was a well-known U.S. cartoonist, commercial artist, and advertising executive.

Career

A native of Oklahoma, Holley dropped out of college in Florida at the age of 19, and a year later took his new wife to New York City (NYC) in the worst days of the Depression.  Once there he studied at the Art Students League of New York (1933–36) and the George Pearse Ennis School of Painting (1933).  Within a few years, he landed a job with the newly published Esquire magazine and soon became one of its favorites with his series of risque rooster / hen barnyard cartoons.  A portfolio of seventeen of his creations appeared in the Esquire centerfold in the October 1940 issue.

In the late 1930s, he joined illustrator Sol Immerman to organize what was prior to 1942 known as the Immerman-Holley Art Studio. Through the mid 1940s the studio, employing several artists, and operating with the logo IM-HO, produced art for more than 200 sheet music covers; many of the tunes were popular patriotic WWII songs. At one time, it was estimated that IM-HO was doing art for scores of different music publishers and had 80% of the cover illustration business. Studio associate and prolific illustrator H. Lawrence Hoffman also worked with Immerman to produce a flood of cover art for paperback novels.

By 1944, Holley opened his own NYC advertising and graphic arts business—Robert Holley Associates, and by 1947, Robert Holley & Co, Inc. An avid jazz enthusiast, some of Holley's first clients were musical instruments companies which he had attracted through his knowledge of, and close friendship with, many NYC musicians.  Most notable amongst these was cymbal manufacturer Avedis Zildjian Company, an advertising account he held until his death in 1977.

In 1954, Holley joined the New York branch of the McCarty Co. and was a Vice President there until 1959 at which time he established the Holley-Thomas Advertising Co.  The latter operated in NYC until 1971 when it moved to Williston Park, NY.   Following his infatuation with automobiles, second only to that for jazz, Holley's notable accounts  included British Motor Corporation (MG, Austin-Healey, and Morris Minor) and Lucas Automotive.

Personal life
Robert Holley was born in Stigler, Oklahoma in July 1913, son of Chester Orville Holley and Marguerite Keenan. Robert's father was an educator, and by 1926 was Florida's State Supervisor of Trade & Industrial Education. Robert became a teenager in Tallahassee, and by the time he was only 17 he established his own sign shop at a downtown location.  He attended the University of Florida for about six months in 1930-31 and was initiated as a member of Sigma Alpha Epsilon social fraternity. To save up for his NYC venture, during summer months and while he was courting his sweetheart, he moved from one tiny south Georgia town to another creating one-of-a kind movie advertising posters for local theaters.

Holley eloped from Tallahassee with his student's fiancé one night in January 1933 and married at the tiny Wakulla Co., Courthouse in Crawfordville, FL. In the process, he managed to get his bride suspended from Florida State College for Women (FSCW). Holley's love was Mary Lee Askew (1913–1995), daughter of a lumber/citrus entrepreneur from Bartow/Lakeland, FL.  They had two children—Robert in 1940 and Mary Lee in 1945.

References

External links

Esquire Barnyard Cartoon – via The Magic Whistle Blogspot

1940 The Wise Old Owl – sheet music cover -  signed ROBERT HOLLEY

1956  Buddy Rich, Max Roach- Zildjian Cymbals vintage print ad

1962 MG-MGA "Fireworks" vintage advertisement

1960 Morris Minor 1000 "Smiling Turtle" vintage advertisement

Sheet music cover artists
1913 births
1977 deaths
American cartoonists
Art Students League of New York alumni
People from Stigler, Oklahoma
Artists from Oklahoma
Esquire (magazine) people


title: Mont-Sainte-Aldegonde

text:
Mont-Sainte-Aldegonde () is a village of Wallonia and a district of the municipality of Morlanwelz, located in the province of Hainaut, Belgium.

References

Former municipalities of Hainaut (province)


title: List of Nepalese dishes

text:
Nepali/Nepalese cuisine refers to the food eaten in Nepal. The country's cultural and geographic diversity provides ample space for a variety of cuisines based on ethnicity and on soil and climate. Nevertheless, dal-bhat-tarkari () is eaten throughout the country. Dal is a soup made of lentils and spices. This is served over boiled grain, bhat—usually rice with vegetable stew, tarkari. Condiments are usually small amounts of extremely spicy chutney (चटनी) or pickle (achaar, अचार) which can be fresh or fermented.  The variety of these is said to number in the thousands. Other accompaniments may be sliced lemon (kagati) with fresh green chili (hariyo khursani). Dhindo is a traditional food of Nepal. It also has a high influence of west and central Asian cuisine.

Nepali/Nepalese dishes

 Aato (made from crushed corn)
 Achaar
Anarsa - Sweet rice fried cookie
Alu chop - deep fried smashed potato
 Chiura (flattened rice)
Bambaisan - dessert / sweet made out of milk in Ilam district
 Bara
Batuk - Fried black lentil doughnut
 Bhatmaas – Nepali name for fried black soybeans
 Buffalo curd – curd dairy product prepared from buffalo milk
 Bhakka
Bhatmas sadheko - snacks / salsa made from soybean
Bhogate sadheko - Pomelo salad
Bhuja or murai - Puffed rice
 Bagiya - (made of rice flour with different kind of salty or sweet fillings cooked boiling water)
 Bhuswa - a spherical-shape sweet flour laddoo made during chhath festival in terai region
 Bhuteko Makkai and Bhatmaas
Bigauti - sweet made out from cow's colostrum milk
Bunga ko achar - Salad made from banana flower
 Chauka - flax seed curry
 Chaat
 Chaku (Nepalese cuisine)
Chamre
 Chatamari
Chatpate
 Chhurpi
 Chicken curry
 Choila
Choop (छोप) (Til / Silam / Alas / Filunge / Timmur) - Powdered condiments(Sesame / Perilla / Flaxseed / Niger seeds/Nepali Pepper)
 Chow mein
chuuk - thickned lemon / lime juice by cooking
 Chukauni - Yoghurt and Potato
 Chunlā
 Chutney
 Curry
 Dal
 Dal bhat
 Dhindo
 Dhikri
 Dhakane
 Daal puri - a traditional snacks in terai region like paratha, made of rice and wheat flour filled with gram pulses.
 Fini roti
 Fried cauliflower
Fulaura - Fried black lentil balls
Furandana
 Ghiu/Ghee
 Ghonghi
Gilo roti
Gundruk
 Haluwa
 Jaaulo
Jerry Swari
Kassar -laddu / sweet made from rice flour
Khalpi - ripened / matured cucumber pickle (fermented)
Khatte (roasted rice)
Khajuri - oil fried cookies
 Kheer
 Khichdi
 Khoa (Kurauni)
 Kinema- fermented soybean
 Kodo ko roti
 Kwati
 Khajuriya - like a cookie, dough is fried in oils made during chhath festival in terai region.
 Lai - sesame seeds or puffed rice mixed with jaggery syrup and shaped as spherical small balls mainly celebrated on maghe sankranti festival (during February).
 Laping
 Makai ko roti
 Masyaura
 Momo (dumpling)
 Mula ko Achar (Fermented)
 Noodle soup
 Phapar ko Roti
 Pokhemma
 Press cake
 Pukala
 Pustakari
Puwa / chamal ko puwa - made from coarsely grinded rice
 Qeema
 Raita
Rikikur - Sherpa potato pancake
Rildhuk / Rildok - mashed and pounded potato Sherpa soup
 Roti
 Saag (Rayo, Mula, Farsi, Tori, Sisnu, Sim)
 Saatu
 Samay Baji
 Sapu Mhicha
 Sekuwa
 Sel roti
Sidra - small dried fish
Sikarni - Dessert made from strained yoghurt, fruits and dried nuts
 Sinki (food)
Sittan - snacks accompanying alcoholic drinks
 Sukkha Roti (Tortilla)
 Sukuti
 Swan Puka
 Tama - bamboo shoots
 Taas
 Tarasari
 Taruwa - made of vegetables dipped in a gram flour batter and fried.
 Thali
 Thukpa- Soup Noodles
 Thakuwa - like cookies made during chhath festival in terai region.
 Wachipa

Curries

 Aloo kauli
 Kukhurako masu – Chicken spiced stew
 goat stew
 Gundruk
Tama
 Vegetable tarkari
 Pork stew
 Mixed Veg Tarkari
 Masyaura
 Dal
 Saag
Aloo Tama (potatoes with bamboo shoots)
Gundruk ko Jhol
Aloo Kerau

Newa cuisine

 Aalu achar
 Bodi ko Achar
 Chataamari
 Dhau
Gwaramari
 Kachilaa
 Lakhamari
 Sanyaa
 Sanyaakhunya
 Thwon
 Yomari
 Alu tama
 Choila
 Pau kwa
 Sapu Mhicha

Rajbanshi cuisine
 Bhakkha
 Pitha Bhaja

Tharu cuisine

 Ghonghi
 Dhikri
 Bagiya
 Bhakkha
 Telpour Roti

Beverages

 Aila (liquor)
 Butter tea
 Chhaang
 Chiya(Masala Tea)
Masala chiya/chai
 Mohi - buttermilk
 Nepali tea/Nepali Chiya – a beverage from the leaves of tea plants produced in Nepal
 Raksi {Senteyrem (in Kalimpong)} (Local liquor)
 Rakura chiya/tea
 Tongba
 Khukuri/Khukri Rum
 Nigar
 Sharbat

See also
 Cinnamomum tamala

References

External links

Lists of foods by nationality
Dishes


title: Convenient vector space

text:
In mathematics, convenient vector spaces are  locally convex vector spaces satisfying a very mild completeness condition.

Traditional differential calculus is effective in the analysis of finite-dimensional vector spaces and for Banach spaces. Beyond Banach spaces, difficulties begin to arise; in particular, composition of continuous linear mappings stop being jointly continuous at the level of Banach spaces, for any compatible topology on the spaces of continuous linear mappings.

Mappings between convenient vector spaces are smooth or  if they map smooth curves to smooth curves. This leads to a Cartesian closed category of smooth mappings between -open subsets of convenient vector spaces (see property 6 below). The corresponding calculus of smooth mappings is called convenient calculus.
It is weaker than any other reasonable notion of differentiability, it is easy to apply, but there are smooth mappings which are not continuous (see Note 1).
This type of calculus alone is not useful in solving equations.

The c∞-topology

Let  be a locally convex vector space. A curve  is called smooth or  if all derivatives exist and are continuous. Let  be the space of smooth curves. It can be shown that the set of smooth curves does not depend entirely on the locally convex
topology of  only on its associated bornology (system of bounded sets); see [KM], 2.11.
The final topologies with respect to the following sets of mappings into  coincide; see [KM], 2.13.

 The set of all Lipschitz curves (so that  is bounded in  for each ).
 The set of injections  where  runs through all bounded absolutely convex subsets in  and where  is the linear span of  equipped with the Minkowski functional
 The set of all Mackey convergent sequences  (there exists a sequence  with  bounded).
This topology is called the -topology on  and we write  for the resulting topological space.
In general (on the space  of smooth functions with compact support on the real line, for example) it is finer than the given locally convex topology, it is not a vector space topology, since addition is no longer jointly continuous. Namely, even
The finest among all locally convex topologies on  which are coarser than  is the bornologification of the given locally convex topology. If  is a Fréchet space, then

Convenient vector spaces
A locally convex vector space  is said to be a convenient vector space if one of the following equivalent conditions holds (called  -completeness); see [KM], 2.14.
 For any  the (Riemann-) integral  exists in .
 Any Lipschitz curve in  is locally Riemann integrable.
 Any scalar wise  curve is : A curve  is smooth if and only if the composition  is in  for all  where  is the dual of all continuous linear functionals on .
 Equivalently, for all , the dual of all bounded linear functionals.
 Equivalently, for all , where  is a subset of  which recognizes bounded subsets in ; see [KM], 5.22.
 Any Mackey-Cauchy-sequence (i.e.,  for some  in  converges in . This is visibly a mild completeness requirement.
 If  is bounded closed absolutely convex, then  is a Banach space.
 If  is scalar wise , then  is , for .
 If  is scalar wise  then  is differentiable at .
Here a mapping  is called  if all
derivatives up to order  exist and are Lipschitz, locally on .

Smooth mappings
Let  and  be convenient vector spaces,
and let  be -open.
A mapping  is called smooth or
, if the composition  for all . See [KM], 3.11.

Main properties of smooth calculus

1. For maps on Fréchet spaces this notion of smoothness coincides with all other reasonable definitions. On  this is a non-trivial theorem, proved by Boman, 1967. See also [KM], 3.4.

2. Multilinear mappings are smooth if and only if they are bounded ([KM], 5.5).

3. If  is smooth then the derivative  is smooth, and also  is smooth where  denotes the space of all bounded linear mappings with the topology of uniform convergence on bounded subsets; see [KM], 3.18.

4. The chain rule holds ([KM], 3.18).

5. The space  of all smooth mappings  is again a convenient vector space where the structure is given by the following injection, where  carries the topology of compact convergence in each derivative separately; see [KM], 3.11 and 3.7.

6. The exponential law holds ([KM], 3.12): For -open  the following mapping is a linear diffeomorphism of convenient vector spaces.

This is the main assumption of variational calculus. Here it is a theorem. This property is the source of the name convenient, which was borrowed from (Steenrod 1967).

7. Smooth uniform boundedness theorem ([KM], theorem 5.26).
A linear mapping  is smooth (by (2) equivalent to bounded) if and only if  is smooth for each .

8.  The following canonical mappings are smooth. This follows from the exponential law by simple categorical reasonings, see [KM], 3.13.

Related convenient calculi
Convenient calculus of smooth mappings appeared for the first time in [Frölicher,  1981], [Kriegl 1982, 1983].
Convenient calculus (having properties 6 and 7) exists also for:
 Real analytic mappings (Kriegl, Michor, 1990; see also [KM], chapter II).
 Holomorphic mappings (Kriegl, Nel, 1985; see also [KM], chapter II). The notion of holomorphy is that of [Fantappié, 1930-33].
 Many classes of Denjoy Carleman ultradifferentiable functions, both of Beurling type and of  Roumieu-type [Kriegl, Michor, Rainer, 2009, 2011, 2015].
 With some adaptations, , [FK].
 With more adaptations, even   (i.e., the -th derivative is Hölder-continuous with index ) ([Faure, 1989], [Faure, These Geneve, 1991]).
The corresponding notion of convenient vector space is the same (for their underlying real vector space in the complex case) for all these theories.

Application: Manifolds of mappings between finite dimensional manifolds

The exponential law 6 of convenient calculus allows for very simple proofs of the basic facts about manifolds of mappings.
Let  and  be finite dimensional smooth manifolds where  is compact. We use an
auxiliary Riemann metric  on . The Riemannian exponential mapping of  is described in the following diagram:

It induces an atlas of charts on the space  of all smooth mappings  as follows.
A chart centered at , is:

Now the basics facts follow in easily.
Trivializing the pull back  vector bundle  and applying the exponential law 6 leads to the diffeomorphism

All chart change mappings are smooth () since they map smooth curves to smooth curves:

Thus is a smooth manifold modeled on Fréchet spaces. The space of all smooth curves in this manifold is given by

Since it visibly maps smooth curves to smooth curves, composition

is smooth. As a consequence of the chart structure, the tangent bundle of the manifold of mappings is given by

Regular Lie groups
Let  be a connected smooth Lie group modeled on convenient vector spaces, with Lie algebra
. Multiplication and inversion are denoted by:

The notion of a regular Lie group is originally due to Omori et al. for Fréchet Lie groups, was weakened and made more transparent by J. Milnor, and was then carried over to convenient Lie groups; see [KM], 38.4.

A Lie group  is called regular if the following two conditions hold:
 For each smooth curve  in the Lie algebra there exists a smooth curve  in the Lie group whose right logarithmic derivative is . It turn out that  is uniquely determined by its initial value , if it exists. That is,

If   is the unique solution for the curve  required above, we denote

 The following mapping is required to be smooth:

If  is a constant curve in the Lie algebra, then  is the group exponential mapping.

Theorem. For each compact manifold , the diffeomorphism group  is a regular Lie group. Its Lie algebra is the space  of all smooth vector fields on , with the negative of the usual bracket as Lie bracket.

Proof: The diffeomorphism group  is a smooth manifold since it is an open subset in .  Composition is smooth by restriction. Inversion is smooth: If  is a smooth curve in , then  satisfies the implicit equation
, so by the finite dimensional implicit function theorem,  is smooth. So inversion maps smooth curves to smooth curves, and thus inversion is smooth.
Let  be a time dependent vector field on  (in ).
Then the flow operator  of the corresponding autonomous vector field  on  induces the evolution operator via

which satisfies the ordinary differential equation

Given a smooth curve in the Lie algebra, ,
then the solution of the ordinary differential equation depends smoothly also on the further variable ,
thus  maps smooth curves of time dependent vector fields to smooth curves of
diffeomorphism. QED.

The principal bundle of embeddings
For finite dimensional manifolds  and  with  compact, the space  of all smooth embeddings of  into , is open in , so it is a smooth manifold. The diffeomorphism group  acts freely and smoothly from the right on .

Theorem:   is a principal fiber bundle with structure group .

Proof: One uses again an auxiliary Riemannian metric  on . Given , view  as a submanifold of , and split the restriction of the tangent bundle  to  into the subbundle normal to  and tangential to  as
. Choose a tubular neighborhood

If  is -near to , then

This is the required local splitting. QED

Further applications
An overview of applications using geometry of shape spaces and diffeomorphism groups can be found in [Bauer, Bruveris, Michor, 2014].

Notes

References

 Bauer, M., Bruveris, M., Michor, P.W.: Overview of the Geometries of Shape Spaces and Diffeomorphism Groups. Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision, 50, 1-2, 60-97, 2014. (arXiv:1305.11500)
 Boman, J.: Differentiability of a function and of its composition with a  function of one variable, Mathematica Scandinavia vol. 20 (1967), 249–268.
 Faure, C.-A.: Sur un théorème de Boman, C. R. Acad. Sci., Paris}, vol. 309 (1989), 1003–1006.
 Faure, C.-A.: Théorie de la différentiation dans les espaces convenables, These, Université de Genève, 1991.
 Frölicher, A.: Applications lisses entre espaces et variétés de Fréchet, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, vol. 293 (1981), 125–127.
 [FK] Frölicher, A., Kriegl, A.: Linear spaces and differentiation theory. Pure and Applied Mathematics,	J. Wiley, Chichester, 1988.
 Kriegl, A.: Die richtigen Räume für Analysis im Unendlich – Dimensionalen,	Monatshefte für Mathematik vol. 94 (1982) 109–124.
 Kriegl, A.: Eine kartesisch abgeschlossene Kategorie glatter Abbildungen zwischen beliebigen lokalkonvexen Vektorräumen, Monatshefte für Mathematik vol. 95 (1983) 287–309.
 [KM] Kriegl, A., Michor, P.W.: The Convenient Setting of Global Analysis. Mathematical Surveys and Monographs, Volume: 53, American Mathematical Society, Providence, 1997. (pdf)
 Kriegl, A., Michor, P. W., Rainer, A.: The convenient setting for non-quasianalytic Denjoy–Carleman differentiable mappings, Journal of Functional Analysis, vol. 256 (2009), 3510–3544. (arXiv:0804.2995)
 Kriegl, A., Michor, P. W., Rainer, A.: The convenient setting for quasianalytic Denjoy–Carleman differentiable mappings, Journal of Functional Analysis, vol. 261 (2011), 1799–1834. (arXiv:0909.5632)
 Kriegl, A., Michor, P. W., Rainer, A.: The convenient setting for Denjoy-Carleman differentiable mappings of Beurling and Roumieu type. Revista Matemática Complutense (2015). doi:10.1007/s13163-014-0167-1. (arXiv:1111.1819)
 Michor, P.W.: Manifolds of mappings and shapes. (arXiv:1505.02359)
 Steenrod, N. E.: A convenient category for topological spaces, Michigan Mathematical Journal, vol. 14 (1967), 133–152.

Multivariable calculus
Differential calculus
Calculus of variations


The 1992 Big South Conference men's basketball tournament took place March 5–7, 1992, at the Civic Center of Anderson in Anderson, South Carolina. For the first time in their school history, the Campbell Fighting Camels won the tournament, led by head coach Billy Lee. The Fighting Camels secured the Big South's automatic bid to the 1992 NCAA tournament, marking the first time that a Big South tournament champion advanced directly to the NCAA tournament (the tournament champion did not receive a bid in 1986-90, and the 1991 champion played an additional play-in game to advance to that tournament's official draw.)

This was Campbell's first and (as of 2021) only NCAA tournament appearance.

Format
All of the conference's eight members participated in the tournament, hosted at the Civic Center of Anderson. This was the first season for Liberty as a member of the conference, and the last for Davidson.

Bracket

* Asterisk indicates overtime game
Source

All-Tournament Team
Mark Mocnik, Campbell
Billy Ellison, Campbell
Joe Spinks, Campbell
Bernard Nelson, Charleston Southern
Darnell Sneed, Charleston Southern

References

Tournament
Big South Conference men's basketball tournament
Big South Conference men's basketball tournament
Big South Conference men's basketball tournament


title: Norman Morrice

text:
Norman Alexander Morrice (10 September 1931 – 11 January 2008) was a British dancer, choreographer and artistic director of both Ballet Rambert from 1966 to 1974 and the Royal Ballet from 1977 to 1986, the UK's two major ballet companies.

Early life
Norman Morrice was born in Agua Dulce, Mexico, on 10 September 1931, the second son of a British expatriate oil engineer. Morrice remained a Mexican citizen until he finished school, and this gave him an exemption from National Service in the UK. According to The Daily Telegraph, "this fact may have explained why he was the only Royal Ballet director to receive no public honour".

While still a boy, Morrice joined Marie Rambert's ballet school, and then her company as a dancer in 1952.

Career
His first fully independent choreographed piece was 1958's, Two Brothers, a "powerful narrative of sibling rivalry and violence in an urban setting", and designed by Ralph Koltai. Morrice, like his contemporary fellow choreographers Kenneth MacMillan and Peter Darrell, was part of the Angry Young Men movement in theatre, that sought to dramatise ordinary life. Koltai was the first of several designers who were to become well known in ballet through their work with Morrice. Two Brothers was an immediate success, and it was soon televised, giving Morrice a wide British, and was drawing admiration at Jacob's Pillow, the longest running dance festival in the US.

In 1961, he received a Ford Foundation fellowship which enabled Morrice to study with the American dance pioneer Martha Graham for a year, and she was to become a major influence for him, and they formed a lasting and deep friendship.

The ballet Cul de Sac, with music by Christopher Whelen, was staged by Ballet Rambert on 13 July 1964 at Sadler's Wells. Morrice persuaded Ballet Rambert that their difficult finances could be fixed by dropping the corps de ballet and focusing on a solely modern repertory and a troupe of just sixteen to eighteen, all of soloist standard. In 1966, this plan became reality, and Morrice became co-director alongside Marie Rambert.

From 1970–74, Morrice was artistic director of Ballet Rambert, until he resigned to work as a freelance choreographer.

Morrice was artistic director of the Royal Ballet from 1977–86. Marie Rambert persuaded him to take on the role, and he nurtured new choreographers including Ashley Page, Michael Corder, and Richard Alston, all of whom made their debuts on the stage of the Royal Opera House.

In 1986, Morrice was succeeded by Anthony Dowell, and became director of choreographic studies at the Royal Ballet School, where he helped with the emergence of a new generation of choreographers, including William Tuckett, Christopher Wheeldon, Christopher Hampson, Cathy Marston, and David Dawson.

He died in his sleep at his home in west London on 11 January 2008, of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Awards
In 1974, he received the Royal Academy of Dance's Queen Elizabeth II Coronation Award.

Original works (partial)
Two Brothers (1958) (music Ernst von Dohnányi)
Hazaña (1959) (music Carlos Surinach)
 A Place in the Desert (1961) (music Carlos Surinach)
 Conflicts (1962) (music Ernest Bloch)
 The Travellers (1963) (music by Leonard Salzedo)
 Cul de Sac (1964) (music Christopher Whelen)
 The Realms of Choice (1965) (music by Leonard Salzedo)
 The Tribute (1965) (music Roger Sessions)
 Hazard (1967) (music Leonard Salzedo)
 1-2-3 (1968) (music Ben-Zion Orgad)
 Them and Us (1968) (music by Iannis Xenakis)
 Blind-Sight (1969) (music Bob Downes)
 Pastorale Variée (1969) (music Paul Ben-Haim)
 The Empty Suit (1970) (music Leonard Salzedo)
 Solo (1971) (music by Bob Downes)
That is the Show (1971) (music Luciano Berio)
 Ladies Ladies! (1972) (music Anthony Hymas)
 Isolde (1973) (music John Lewis)
 Spindrift (1974) (music by John Lewis)
 The sea whisper'd me (1976) (music by Carlos Miranda)
 Smiling Immortal (1977) (music by Jonathan Harvey)

References

1931 births
2008 deaths
Administrators of The Royal Ballet
British male ballet dancers
British choreographers
Naturalised citizens of the United Kingdom
People from Veracruz


title: Mike Santiago (American football)

text:
Michael Edward Santiago (October 1, 1955 – August 10, 2023) was an American football coach. He served as head football coach at Stephen F. Austin State University (SFA) from 1999 to 2004, and the University of the Incarnate Word (UIW) from 2009 through 2011, compiling an overall record of 48 wins and 45 losses. He also served as the head coach of Central Catholic High School in San Antonio from 2017 until his death from cancer in 2023 at the age of 67.

Head coaching record

References

1955 births
2023 deaths
American football defensive backs
Cleveland Browns scouts
Glendale Gauchos football players
Incarnate Word Cardinals football coaches
Lamar Cardinals football coaches
McNeese Cowboys football coaches
NC State Wolfpack football coaches
Northern Arizona Lumberjacks football coaches
Southern Utah Thunderbirds football players
Players of American football from Baltimore
Stephen F. Austin Lumberjacks football coaches
Texas State Bobcats football coaches
Utah State Aggies football coaches
Western Michigan Broncos football coaches
Deaths from cancer in Texas