title: Darren Espanto

text:
Darren Lyndon Espanto (born May 24, 2001) is a Filipino-Canadian singer, and actor.

He first joined a competition at the age of ten, where he won the Masters Finals of the Pinoy Singing Sensation competition in Edmonton. He made his first television appearance at the same age when he joined YTV's reality television The Next Star in 2012; he became the youngest finalist in the history of the show to be included in the Top 6. However, he rose to prominence after joining the first season of The Voice Kids Philippines. On June 1, 2014, Espanto became a part of ABS-CBN's Star Magic.

Espanto released his first full-length self-titled studio album, Darren in December 2014, under MCA Music Inc. (Philippines), a Universal Music Group company. It debuted at number 1 on the Philippine charts of Apple's iTunes store and Astro Chart; it is now a certified Double Platinum. In May 2015, Espanto staged a major solo concert at MOA Arena, he set a record for being the youngest artist to perform at the said venue at the age of 14. In May 2016, he released his sophomore album titled Be with Me, also under MCA Music Inc. (Philippines), featuring his carrier single "7 Minutes", that was then followed by "Starlight" and "Parachute", which also became number 1 on the Philippine charts of Apple's iTunes store after just being released. The said album is now a certified Platinum. In August 2018, he later ventured into acting where he played Yohan (younger brother of George, portrayed by Bernardo) in The Hows Of Us starring Kathryn Bernardo with Daniel Padilla directed by Cathy Garcia-Molina which happens to be one of the highest-grossing Philippine movies of all time to date.

In April 2019, Espanto was the only Filipino artist invited as a guest performer in the grand finals of Singer 2019 in China. Espanto, along with Asia's Phoenix Morissette, was also handpicked by Disney to perform the rendition of "A Whole New World" as part of the Philippine promotion of the movie Aladdin in May 2019. In November 2019, the theme song for the ASEAN-ROK Commemorative Summit titled "Side by Side" was launched, where he participated as one of the 11 ASEAN singers representing each member country. The same month, he released his original composition, "Sasagipin Kita", also under MCA Music Inc. (Philippines). The song debuted at number 1 on the Philippine charts of Apple's iTunes store on the first day of its release. In April 2020, Espanto was appointed by the United Nations Development Programme (under its Philippine office) as its first-ever celebrity Youth Advocate to promote its Sustainable Development Goals or SDGs, focusing on climate action, biodiversity conservation and youth empowerment. In November 2020, Espanto released "Believe in Christmas" under MCA Music Inc. (Philippines) which debuted at number 1 of Apple's iTunes store Philippines two hours upon its release. In May 2021, Espanto released his latest single, "Tama Na", under MCA Music Inc. (Philippines) which climbed to number 3 of Apple's iTunes store Philippines in the first two hours of its release. In November 2021, Espanto represented the Philippines in the world renowned Expo 2020 Dubai along with December Avenue. In April 2022, Espanto released "Pabalik Sa'yo", under UMG Philippines which also climbed to number 3 of Apple's iTunes store Philippines an hour after its release. In June 2022, Espanto is one of the Southeast Asian artists with whom Calum Scott collaborated for the version of Scott's track, "Heaven". The song climbed to No. 2 of iTunes store Philippines immediately after its release. In July 2022, it was announced that Espanto is one of the artists included in the newly launched Republic Records Philippines under UMUSIC Philippines.

Personal life

Espanto was born in Calgary on May 24, 2001. He is the first child of Filipino registered nurses Marinel Gonzales and Lyndon Espanto, who emigrated to Canada from Isabela. Espanto also has a younger sister, Lynelle. His parents taught him Filipino language, particularly Tagalog. Espanto started singing at the age of three
. He was interested in singing from a young age, and his parents were supportive of his dreams.

As a toddler, Espanto serenaded to his parents with the tunes of Hakuna Matata from The Lion King, which led to his relatives discovering his singing potential and urging him to pursue and hone his raw talent.

At age 12, Espanto attended Grade 6 at St. Jude Elementary in Calgary, before traveling to the Philippines in 2014 for The Voice Kids. After passing the auditions, he returned to Canada to write his advanced test in St. Cyril School. Afterwards, he returned to the Philippines. Espanto, along with the other The Voice Kids finalists, received a ₱350,000 scholarship from Eton International School. Upon moving to the Philippines, he went to Eton International School and later on took up homeschooling under The Homeschool of Asia Pacific, an affiliate of the Sanston Academy (Texas) where he completed his senior high school with honors. In Grade 11, he was awarded with second honors. In Grade 12, he graduated with first honors and received two special awards, i.e., the Achiever Award and the Excellence in Music and Arts Award.

Career
At age 10, Espanto won during the Main Edition Finals of the Pinoy Singing Sensation competition in Edmonton on August 20, 2011.

2012–2013: The Next Star

In 2012, ten-year-old Espanto auditioned for the fifth season of YTV's reality television The Next Star, singing Bruno Mars' "Grenade". One of the judges, Keshia Chanté, got emotional and told him that his voice was 'unbelievable' and 'controlled'. Judge Mark Spicoluk, on the other hand, stated that he 'lacked stage presence'. Nevertheless, after Chante asked him if he was ready, she and Tara Oram said yes, earning him the 'golden ticket'.

He continued to be selected onto its Top 6, singing pop songs such as Rihanna's "Only Girl (in the World)" and Maroon 5's "Payphone" among others. He also had his own single and music video entitled "Gotta Give A Little Extra", as well as two other singles, "Now" and "Oh Oh Santa" with the other five finalists. Ultimately, he lost to 14-year-old Brooklyn Roebuck, after singing his own single during the finals. He was the youngest finalist in the history of the show to be included in the Top 6.

In 2013, Espanto had his first series as a guest in YTV's Life with Boys.

2014: The Voice Kids

During the auditions of the inaugural season of ABS-CBN's The Voice Kids that aired on June 1, 2014, Espanto performed Jessie J's "Domino", which he formerly sang during The Next Star at age 11. Coaches Sarah Geronimo and Bamboo Mañalac both pressed their buttons for him, vocalizing that he 'can be groomed to be a recording artist, a total package'. Although Espanto revealed that he was Mañalac's front act during one of his concerts in Canada, he still picked Geronimo stating that she could help him a lot in the music industry.

Espanto eventually advanced to the finals after singing Whitney Houston's "One Moment in Time" during the live semi-finals held at the Newport Performing Arts Theater in Resorts World Manila, Pasay. He was the second one to receive the highest votes, after Lyca Gairanod. Lea Salonga, one of the coaches commented that Espanto is a phenomenal while his mentor Geronimo stated that he was 'a winner and a complete package'. He also sang "Somebody To Love" by Justin Bieber with some back up dancers, and Star Magic artists.

In the finale, during the first round which was a power ballad theme, Espanto performed Basil Valdez's song "Ngayon" where he received a standing ovation including from the three coaches. Lea Salonga left a warning to older performers, saying: "To every person Darren idolized, this is a warning to all of you: this kid will outshine you someday". Once again, Geronimo praised him and said that despite his talent, Espanto never showed superiority and instead listened to his coach. On the final round of the competition, Espanto accompanied himself with a piano during his performance of "You Are My Song" while having a duet with the original singer Martin Nievera, where received another standing ovation. At the end of the competition, he once again came in second after Lyca Gairanod.

Performances

2014–present: Post The Voice Kids

In 2014, Espanto said that he will not go back to Calgary, Alberta, and that he was staying in the Philippines to try acting and do a project with his coach and mentor, Sarah Geronimo. In August, Espanto became a part of ABS-CBN's training and management center Star Magic. On September 11, Espanto's rendition of Whitney Houston's "One Moment in Time" topped the Philippine charts of Apple's iTunes store, while his rendition of Justin Bieber's "Somebody to Love" placed second. He then staged his first solo concert at the Music Museum; a repeat of the concert was staged on December 19, 2014. On October 25, he made his Carnegie Hall debut as the headliner at the Fourth The Outstanding Filipino Americans in New York Awards, which celebrated Filipino American History Month in New York City. On November 18, his rendition of "O Little Town of Bethlehem" topped the iTunes chart, while his rendition of Jessie J's "Domino" placed second, in which the two were the only local songs to be included on the top 15. And on November 29, Espanto signed a record and management deal with MCA Music Inc. (Philippines). A week after, he and the other three finalists of The Voice Kids (Lyca Gairanod, Juan Karlos Labajo, and Darlene Vibares) held a concert at the Philippine International Convention Center. He also released his first solo album, "Darren", with MCA Music Inc. (Philippines). It debuted at number 1 at the Philippine charts of Apple's iTunes Store upon its release on December 8.

In January 2015, Espanto performed Trina Belamide's "Tell The World of His Love" (the theme for World Youth Day 1995) during Pope Francis's visit to the Philippines. On May 29, Espanto performed at the Mall of Asia Arena for his birthday concert making him the youngest performer to stage a solo concert in the said venue. On November 18, Espanto was one of the singers performing at a state dinner for a delegation from Mexico. Also in November 2015, Espanto was chosen to perform the official theme song for the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Economic Leaders' Meeting titled, "This is Only the Beginning", composed by Mr. Ryan Cayabyab.

In 2016, Espanto released his sophomore album "Be With Me". The album contains 11 songs from the singer, two of which are his original compositions. On July 31, 2016, Espanto opened for the Philippine leg of Selena Gomez's Revival tour.

On May 4, 2017, during his Twitter party, Espanto surprised his fans with a deluxe edition of his sophomore solo album entitled Be With Me, to be released the following day. Be With Me (Deluxe Edition) contains 5 bonus tracks: "I’ll Be There" with Jed Madela, Acoustic versions of "7 Minutes" and "Alam", the viral hit, his cover of Sia's "Chandelier", and a stripped version of Young Hearts with Malaysian pop singer Nik Qistina.

In 2018, Espanto made his acting debut in The Hows of Us. Espanto also became a member of the teen pop group ASAP G! Other members of the group are Isabela Vinzon, Jayda Avanzado, Ylona Garcia, Jeremy Glinoga and Kyle Echarri. The group formed on June 3, 2018, and disbanded in November 2018, when the show was reformatted into ASAP Natin 'To.

In 2019, Espanto was part of The Aces concert with fellow singers Lani Misalucha and Jonalyn Viray. The trio performed in Cebu, Davao, and Manila (at the Araneta Coliseum). Espanto and Viray, so called the Pair of Aces, also conducted a tour in Canada (Calgary, Winnipeg and Toronto) in the latter part of the year. On April 12, he also appeared as the only Filipino guest performer in the grand finals of Singer 2019 in China. This was followed by the release of "A Whole New World" on May 24, wherein he and Morissette collaborated to perform the rendition of the song as part of the Philippine promotion of the movie Aladdin as handpicked by Disney. On November 25, the theme song for the ASEAN-ROK Commemorative Summit titled "Side by Side" was launched, where he participated as one of the 11 ASEAN singers representing each member country. And on November 29, he released his single "Sasagipin Kita" which he wrote himself, also under MCA Music Inc. (Philippines) where it debuted at number 1 on the Philippine charts of Apple's iTunes store on the first day of its release.

In the early part of 2020, Espanto was set to participate in the Singer 2020 competition in China, but the plan was later on cancelled due to the COVID-19 outbreak and related travel bans. On April 15, 2020, the United Nations Development Programme (under its Philippine office) launched Espanto as its first-ever celebrity Youth Advocate to promote its SDGs, focusing on climate action, biodiversity conservation and youth empowerment. On May 24, 2020, Espanto celebrated his 19th birthday through an online benefit concert entitled "D Birthday Concert from Home". The concert was streamed live via Espanto's Facebook page and garnered around 12,000 viewers and 251,000 views. Through this event, he was able to raise P838,206.69 which was donated to his home network, ABS-CBN Pantawid ng Pag-ibig program. On June 12, 2020, Espanto, in his capacity as UNDP Philippines Youth Advocate, became part of United Nations Development Programme's #Mission1Point5 climate action global campaign in coordination with The Good Co. via its social media platforms (@thegoodquote) with millions of followers worldwide. On June 14, 2020, Espanto joined the iWant ASAP Online show as host along with the iWant ASAP squad, Robi Domingo, Maymay Entrata and Edward Barber (actor), weekly episode of which airs every Sunday. On July 31, 2020, Espanto and Jayda Avanzado released a collaboration for the track revival "Sana Tayo Na" under Star Music followed by the release of the official music video on the same day. On August 12, 2020, Espanto, also in his capacity as UNDP Youth Advocate, was invited as a keynote speaker for the International Youth Day Youth Forum 2020 with the theme "Building a Better Normal with the Youth", in coordination with IdeasPositive. This event was streamed live via the Facebook Page of Ideas Positive and partners. On October 23, 2020, Espanto as UNDP Youth Advocate, together with Ria Atayde, hosted the UN75 anniversary celebration in the Philippines with the theme "UN75 2020 & Beyond: Shaping the Future Together", which was streamed live via the UN Philippines's FB Page. On November 13, 2020, Espanto released his Christmas single, "Believe in Christmas", under MCA Music Inc. (Philippines). The song reached the number 1 spot of Apple's iTunes store Philippine charts just two hours after its debut. The official music video was released a week after and hit more than a 100,000 views within days after its upload on YouTube.

On February 13, 2021, Espanto released his cover of LANY's song entitled, "If This Is The Last Time", as part of a project with various artists under MCA Music Inc. (Philippines), in coordination with Universal Music Group. On February 20, 2021, Espanto and AC Bonifacio joined the Your Face Sounds Familiar (Philippine season 3) family as online hosts via the KaFamiliar Online and other digital platforms, weekly episode of which airs every Saturday and Sunday. On April 18, 2021, Espanto did a homecoming production on ASAP Natin 'To where he was formally launched as "Asia's Pop Heartthrob" Darren. On May 28, 2021, Espanto released his newest single written and produced by Zack Tabudlo with the title, "Tama Na", under MCA Music Inc. (Philippines). The song climbed to number 3 of Apple's iTunes store Philippines in the first two hours of its release. On June 9, 2021, Espanto was launched as the main host for the weekly online show for TNT PH called TNT PopShow, along with co-host Adrianna So. On June 19, 2021, Espanto has successfully held a sold-out digital concert called "Darren: Home Run (The Comeback Concert)". A re-run of this event was made available on June 20, 2021. Also on June 20, 2021, Espanto and his team released the official music video of "Tama Na" which secured the top spot of music videos on Apple's iTunes store Philippines a day after its release, and reached Top 10 of YouTube's trending videos in music on its first week. On July 11, 2021, Espanto was the special guest performer on the 2021 Bb. Pilipinas' Coronation Night where he performed "Together We Fly" composed and re-arranged by Ms. Chochay Magno. On August 27, 2021, Star Music released the "Marry Me, Marry You" official soundtrack album which includes tracks interpreted by various artists including Espanto who interpreted the main OST of the series also entitled "Marry Me, Marry You". The song skyrocketed to number 10 of the Apple's iTunes store on the day of its release. On September 29, 2021, Espanto was reappointed as UNDP Philippines' Youth Advocate for the SDGs for a second term, focusing on climate action, biodiversity conservation and youth empowerment. On November 21, 2021, Espanto performed in one of the world's grandest World Expo, the Expo 2020 Dubai, representing the Philippines along with December Avenue. On November 23, 2021, ABS-CBN, in partnership with iQIYI Philippines, announced its first original Filipino shows to be streamed via the iQIYI app. These include "Lyric and Beat", a teen musical show where Espanto will be part of the main casts along with Andrea Brillantes, Seth Fedelin, AC Bonifacio, Sheena Belarmino, Jeremy Glinoga and Angela Ken. The series will premiere in 2022. On November 26, 2021, Espanto appeared as one of the special guests in Maymay Entrata's "MPowered" virtual concert.

On January 16, 2022, Espanto was the featured performer on the "By Request (a Benefit Concert)" series launched by ABS-CBN for the victims of Typhoon Odette, where a total of P464,000 donation was raised. On January 28, 2022, Espanto was the guest performer of Angeline Quinto in her 10Q: Ten Years of Angeline Quinto concert series streamed live via KTX.ph, along with Gary Valenciano. On April 1, 2022, Espanto released his latest track, "Pabalik Sa'yo" under UMUSIC Philippines. The track and the lyric video claimed the No. 3 and No. 1 spots of Apple's iTunes store Philippines an hour after its release. On April 26, 2022, Espanto was part of the special guests of P-pop group Calista's debut concert Vax to Normal. Espanto is also part of the EZ Mil: Panalo Homecoming Tour 2022 which kicked off on April 29, 2022, at the New Frontier Theater. On June 9, 2022, Espanto is one of the Southeast Asian artists who collaborated with English music sensation, Calum Scott for the version of Scott's track, "Heaven". The song climbed to No. 2 of iTunes store Philippines immediately after its release. On June 11, 2022, Espanto is also one of Anne Curtis' guest artists in her Luv-Anne: The Comeback Concert held at the Resorts World Manila. In July 2022, Espanto was part of Vice Ganda's Fully VICE-cinated US Tour 2022 which includes performances in California, Seattle and New Jersey. On July 8, 2022, Republic Records Philippines was launched and it will house known recording artists, including Espanto. The same date, the teaser for Lyric and Beat, a musical series under Dreamscape Entertainment was released which stars Espanto among the main casts. The series premiered on August 10, 2022, on iWantTFC. Among the series' soundtracks, "Pagbigyang Muli" and "Duyan" interpreted by Espanto reached No. 5 of iTunes store Philippines' Top Songs a few hours after their release. On September 12, 2022, the Bacolod City government unveiled the music video of "Smile Again" or "Balik Yuhum", the official theme song interpreted by Espanto for the Masskara Festival 2022, a grand annual festival celebrated in the province of Negros Occidental. On October 1, 2022, Espanto joined the line-up of world-class Filipino artists in the first-ever 1MX music festival in London, which showcased the Filipino culture, food and music in one event. On October 12, 2022, the digital version of "Smile Again" was released in various streaming platforms. The same day, the music video for "First Day Vibe", a collaboration theme song for an endorsement with AC Bonifacio and "Lyric and Beat" was released under Star Music. The digital version of the song was released in September 2022. Also on October 12, Espanto's cover of "Top of the World", the theme song from Columbia Pictures Philippines' animated movie, Lyle, Lyle, Crocodile starring Shawn Mendes, was released. On October 15, 2022, Espanto was one of the guest artists in the 20th Anniversary Concert of one of OPM's well-known songwriters and hitmakers, Jonathan Manalo, titled "Mr. Music: The Hits of Jonathan Manalo". On October 20, 2022, Espanto was the special guest in Calum Scott's Bridges Asia Tour Live in Manila where the two performed their collaboration "Heaven". On November 19, 2022, Espanto was part of the search for the Next Global Pop Group program, "Dream Maker" which ran until February 2023, as one of its Pinoy Dream Mentors. On December 3, 2023, Espanto was one of the Pinoy pop acts who opened for the K-pop group sensation ENHYPEN in their "Fun Meet in Manila" held at the Araneta Coliseum.

At the early part of 2023, Espanto has already performed in various events such as New Year's Eve (SM Mall of Asia) and Chinese New Year Countdowns (Chinatown), and national festivities. On February 21, 2023, Espanto was launched as the newest Hurado in "Tawag ng Tanghalan", a segment of It's Showtime, a daily noontime show airing on Kapamilya Channel and A2Z Channel 11.

Filmography

Television

Digital

Film

Discography

Studio albums

Special albums

Singles

Promotional singles

Legacy

Dubbed as “Asia's Pop Hearthrob” by various media outlets, Espanto was the youngest artist to headline a sold-out solo major concert at MOA Arena. He has accumulated over 70 awards and recognitions including 15 Wish Music Awards, 8 Awit Awards, 8 Myx Music Awards, 8 Push Awards and 7 EdukCricle Awards. He performed for Pope Francis during the 2015 Papal Visit in UST. He has also headlined a gala at the legendary Carnegie Hall in New York and performed for presidents and dignitaries during the ASEAN Summits and APEC. He was recently appointed as the first celebrity Youth Advocate for the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

Espanto is one of the country's most successful & top-selling artists of the decade, Billboard reported that his self-titled debut album “Darren” has been certified 2× Platinum in the Philippines, selling over 30,000 units in the country, while his sophomore release “Be With Me” sold 15,000 units (certified Gold) respectively.

Chart performance

Concerts

Solo concerts

Affiliated concerts

Notes

References

External links

2001 births
Living people
Canadian child singers
Canadian children's musicians
Canadian male actors of Filipino descent
Canadian pop singers
Musicians from Calgary
Naturalized citizens of Canada
ABS-CBN personalities
Star Magic
MCA Music Inc. (Philippines) artists
The Voice Kids (Philippine TV series) contestants
21st-century Filipino singers
21st-century Canadian male singers


title: Degueyo

text:
Degueyo (also known as De Guello, Deguejo and Deguello) is a 1966 Italian Spaghetti Western film directed by Giuseppe Vari.

Plot

Norman returns to Danger City seeking revenge for the death of his father. The bandit Ramon and his men are responsible. But in the town there are only women. Ramon in fact has killed most of the men and kidnapped the others: he hopes to obtain the necessary information to find a treasure hidden by an ex confederate officer.

Cast

 Giacomo Rossi-Stuart: Norman Sandel
 Dan Vadis: Ramon
 Rosy Zichel: Rosy
 Dana Ghia: Jenny Slader
 Riccardo Garrone: Foran
 José Torres: Logan
 Giuseppe Addobbati: Colonel Clark
 Daniele Vargas: Frank
 Erika Blanc: Woman of Danger City
 Aurora Bautista: Woman of Danger City
 Silvana Jachino

References

Citations

External links

1966 films
Italian Western (genre) films
Spaghetti Western films
1966 Western (genre) films
Films directed by Giuseppe Vari
1960s Italian films


title: Ricky Anggawijaya

text:
Ricky Anggawijaya is an Indonesian swimmer from Bandung who specializes in backstroke. However, his first medal in Southeast Asian Games is a silver medal from the 5000 m open water swimming event. He also won another silver in the same discipline, this time in 10000 m distance. In 2012 Pekan Olahraga Nasional, Ricky won a gold medal in 1500 m freestyle for West Java.

He also competed in the 2013 Asian Youth Games, hosted by Nanjing, China. Competing in three events, he won gold in 100 m backstroke and silver in 200 m backstroke. In his second participation at the Southeast Asian Games, he won gold in 200 m backstroke. He also won two bronze medals, one in 100 m backstroke, and the other in 4 x 200 metre freestyle relay with his fellow Indonesian swimmers.

References

1996 births
Living people
Indonesian people of Chinese descent
Indonesian male swimmers
Male backstroke swimmers
Sportspeople from Bandung
Swimmers at the 2014 Asian Games
Swimmers at the 2018 Asian Games
Swimmers at the 2014 Summer Youth Olympics
SEA Games medalists in swimming
SEA Games gold medalists for Indonesia
SEA Games silver medalists for Indonesia
SEA Games bronze medalists for Indonesia
Competitors at the 2011 SEA Games
Competitors at the 2013 SEA Games
Competitors at the 2015 SEA Games
Competitors at the 2017 SEA Games
Asian Games competitors for Indonesia
Indonesian male freestyle swimmers
21st-century Indonesian people


title: Rose Keddell

text:
Elizabeth Rose Keddell (born 31 January 1994) is a New Zealand field hockey player. She has competed for the New Zealand women's national field hockey team (the Black Sticks Women) since 2012, including at the 2014 Women's Hockey World Cup and the 2014 Commonwealth Games.

Life
Keddell was born in Tauranga and attended Bethlehem College. She is a first cousin to Olympic  sprinter Mark Keddell and Olympic gold medallist rower Mahé Drysdale.

She competed in the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics as part of the New Zealand girls' hockey team where she won a bronze medal. She was selected for the Black Sticks in November 2012 and played her first match against India in Napier on 8 December 2012.
She participated at the 2020 Women's FIH Pro League.

References

External links

1994 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Tauranga
New Zealand female field hockey players
Field hockey players at the 2014 Commonwealth Games
Commonwealth Games bronze medallists for New Zealand
Field hockey players at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics
Field hockey players at the 2016 Summer Olympics
Olympic field hockey players for New Zealand
Commonwealth Games medallists in field hockey
Female field hockey defenders
Female field hockey midfielders
Commonwealth Games gold medallists for New Zealand
Field hockey players at the 2018 Commonwealth Games
Field hockey players at the 2020 Summer Olympics
21st-century New Zealand women
21st-century New Zealand people
Medallists at the 2014 Commonwealth Games
Medallists at the 2018 Commonwealth Games


title: Live Tour 2005 "Dynamite!"

text:
Live Tour 2005 "Dynamite!" is the first concert tour by Japanese band Tokyo Jihen. The tour supported the band's debut studio album, Kyōiku (2004). It was the only tour to feature the band's original members Mikio Hirama and H Zetto M. The concert was released in the form of two video albums, a documentary, Dynamite In, on July 13, 2005, and a concert video, Dynamite Out, released on August 17, 2005.

Background

After the release of vocalist Ringo Sheena's third album, Kalk Samen Kuri no Hana in 2003, Sheena embarked on a nationwide tour entitled Sugoroku Ecstasy. Sheena asked the backing members well in advance to perform for the tour, so that her first choices would not be double-booked. These members were dubbed Tokyo Jihen, a name that was publicised during the tour. During the tour, the song "Ringo no Uta" was briefly performed, which was released as a single by Sheena on November 25, 2003. Tokyo Jihen was officially announced as Sheena's main musical unit on May 31, 2004, and first performed at a series of summer music festivals: 0724 Yamabikari at Kobe Chicken George on July 24, Meet the World Beat on July 25, 2004 in Suita, Osaka, the Fuji Rock Festival in Niigata Prefecture on July 30 and the SunSet Live 2004 festival in Fukuoka Prefecture on September 3.

The concert tour was first announced in September 2004, before the release of the band's first single, "Gunjō Biyori". The band released a second single in October, "Sōnan", followed by their full-length album Kyōiku in December.

After the concerts, members Mikio Hirama and H Zetto M decided to leave the band; Hirama to focus on his solo work and H Zetto M to focus on performing as a member of Pe'z. These announcements were made together on July 1, 2005, before the release of the Dynamite In and Dynamite Out video albums.

Concert synopsis

The concert began with "Ringo no Uta", a song originally released by Sheena as a solo single. The concert primarily featured songs from the band's Kyōiku album, as well as the four B-sides from the "Gunjō Biyori" and "Sōnan" singles - "Sono Onna Fushidara ni Tsuki", a cover of "The Lady Is a Tramp", "Kao", "Dynamite", a Brenda Lee cover and "Kokoro".

The band performed several additional songs that were originally released by Sheena as a solo musician: "Koko de Kiss Shite.", "Tsuki ni Makeinu", "Onaji Yoru" "Σ", "Marunouchi Sadistic" and "Stem". The song "If You Can Touch It" was originally released by band member Mikio Hirama on his album Yume to Negoto (2001). Two additional covers were "Koi no Urikomi", a cover of The Isley Brothers' "I'm Gonna Knock on Your Door", and Hibari Misora's "Kurumaya-san", which was originally released by the band on their Tokyo Incidents Vol. 1 music video DVD in December 2004.

Three unpublished songs that would be included on their second album, Adult (2006), were performed during the concerts: "Himitsu", "Super Star" and "Tōmei Ningen".

Recordings

The band's performance at the Nagoya Century Hall on February 9, 2005 was recorded. The first release of footage from this concert was on the Dynamite In DVD, a 50-minute documentary released on July 13, 2005. It featured backstage footage, as well as performances of "Dynamite", "Koi no Urikomi (I'm Gonna Knock on Your Door)" "Tōmei Ningen", and the "Sigma~Crawl" medley. The majority of the concert was released a month later, on the Dynamite Out DVD. The DVDs were commercially successful, both peaking at number two on Oricon's overall DVD chart rankings. Dynamite In spent a total of 11 weeks in the top 50, while Dynamite Out a total of 18. Dynamite Out became the band's most commercially successful DVD release, followed by Dynamite In.

"Himitsu" was a song not present on the Dynamite Out video release. However, it was included in the Pour Homme special edition of the band's second album, Adult, in January 2006. The audio from the performances of "Super Star", "Gunjō Biyori" and "Yume no Ato" were included on the band's Tokyo Collection live compilation album, released in February 2012. For the band's video album Chin Play Kō Play released on August 29, 2012, the recordings of "Ringo no Uta", "Kurumaya-san" and "Koi no Urikomi (I'm Gonna Knock On Your Door)" were included for the section detailing the Dynamite! tour.

Promotion

To promote Dynamite Out, the performance of "Super Star" was shown on MTV Japan from July 25, 2005. A portion of the video was released to purchase on cellphones from July 26, and from August 1, portions of the performances of "Bokoku Jōcho", "Tsuki ni Makeinu" and "Service" were also added.

Set list
 "Ringo no Uta" (Ringo Sheena self-cover)

 "Sōnan"
  (Brenda Lee cover)
 "Koko de Kiss Shite." (Ringo Sheena self-cover)
  (Not included in Dynamite Out DVD, instead found on the album Adult (2006)'s bonus DVD)

 "If You Can Touch It" (Mikio Hirama self-cover)

  (Hibari Misora cover)
  (Ringo Sheena self-cover)
  (Ringo Sheena self-cover)

  (The Isley Brothers cover)

  (Performed as a medley. "Σ" a Ringo Sheena self-cover)
 "Marunouchi Sadistic" (Ringo Sheena self-cover)
  (from the musical Babes in Arms)

 "Gunjō Biyori"
Encore 1

Encore 2
 "Stem" (Ringo Sheena self-cover, performed at the February 16 date only, not present on Dynamite Out)

Tour dates

Personnel
Toshiki Hata – drums
Mikio Hirama – guitar
H Zetto M – piano
Seiji Kameda – bass
Ringo Sheena – vocals
Hiroshi Usui – DVD editor

Notes

2005 concert tours
Tokyo Jihen concert tours


title: Thomas Rae

text:
Thomas Rae (1819 – 10 December 1862) was a manufacturer and politician in colonial Victoria,  a member of the Victorian Legislative Council.

Early life
Rae was born in Glasgow, Scotland, the son of James Rae and Jean, née Weir. Rae was educated at a public school in Glasgow and became an apprentice engineer.

Colonial Australia
Rae emigrated to the Port Phillip District in 1848. He joined the firm of Jackson, Rae & Co., his brother being a partner. In November 1855 Rae was elected to the unicameral Victorian Legislative Council for City of Melbourne Rae held that seat until the original Council was abolished in March 1856. Rae became a member of the inaugural Fitzroy council in 1858.

Rae died in at 60 Young Street Fitzroy on 10 December 1862; he had married Janet Love in 1853 in Geelong, there were no children. What about Isobel Rae and Alison Rae, artists?

References

1819 births
1862 deaths
Members of the Victorian Legislative Council
Scottish emigrants to colonial Australia
Politicians from Glasgow
19th-century Australian politicians


title: Pecado mortal (TV series)

text:
Pecado mortal  is a Mexican telenovela produced by Telesistema Mexicano in 1960. Were starring Amparo Rivelles, Elsa Cárdenas, Osvaldo Calvo, and Tito Junco as the antagonist. Written by Caridad Bravo Adams and produced by Raúl Astor.

Cast
 Amparo Rivelles
 Elsa Cárdenas
 Osvaldo Calvo
 Tito Junco
 Freddy Fernández "El Pichi"
 Rosa Elena Durgel
 Rebecca San Román

Adaptations

References

External links
 Página de alma-latina.net

1960 telenovelas
Televisa telenovelas
Television shows set in Mexico
1960 Mexican television series debuts
1960 Mexican television series endings
Spanish-language telenovelas


title: Bradyrhizobium jicamae

text:
Bradyrhizobium jicamae is a Gram-negative, strictly aerobic bacteria from the genus Bradyrhizobium.

References

External links
Type strain of Bradyrhizobium jicamae at BacDive -  the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase

Nitrobacteraceae
Bacteria described in 2009


title: El rapto

text:
El rapto  is a Mexican telenovela produced by Telesistema Mexicano in 1960. with episodes of 30 minutes duration. Directed by Jesús Valero. Starring Cesareo Quezada and antagonized by René Cardona. The telenovela had a certain point the suspense.

Cast
 Cesareo Quezada
 Carmen Montejo
 René Cardona
 Andrea Palma
 Luis Manuel Pelayo

References

External links
 Página de alma-latina.net

1960 telenovelas
Televisa telenovelas
Television shows set in Mexico City
1960 Mexican television series debuts
1960 Mexican television series endings
Spanish-language telenovelas


title: William Irvine (historian)

text:
William Irvine (4 July 1840 – 3 November 1911) was an administrator of the Indian Civil Service and historian, known for works on the Moghul Empire. He was in British India from 1863 to 1889.

Life
Born in Aberdeen, Scotland in July 1840, he was the only son of William Irvine, an Aberdeen advocate, by his wife Margaret Garden. On the death of his father when he was a child, Irvine's mother, of an Aberdeen family but a Londoner by birth, brought him to London. He owed most of his education to his mother and grandmother. Leaving a private school before he was fifteen, he served a short apprenticeship in business, and after spending some years as a clerk in the admiralty passed for the Indian Civil Service. He landed in Calcutta late in 1863 and was posted to the North-Western Provinces. He served there as a magistrate and collector until he retired and left India in 1889. He was employed for eight years in revising the rent and revenue settlement records of the Ghazipur district.

In 1908, the Asiatic Society of Bengal made Irvine an honorary member. He was a vice-president and member of the council of the Royal Asiatic Society; he served also on the council of the Central Asian and other learned societies. He died at his house in Castelnau, Barnes, after a long illness, on 3 November 1911, and was buried in the Old Barnes cemetery.

Works
Irvine's major work of scholarship was a 1907 translation and edition of a chronicle of the Venetian traveller Niccolao Manucci. After François Bernier, Manucci was the main contemporary European authority for the history of India during the reign of Aurangzeb (1658–1707). Manucci's work was known at the end of the 19th century only in a garbled French version. Over eight years, Irvine discovered a Berlin codex that gives a part of the text, and a Venice manuscript that supplies its entirety. Manucci had dictated his work in Latin, French, Italian, and Portuguese.

In India, Irvine was known as an authority on the provincial laws of rent and revenue. In 1868, while still an assistant, he published his Rent Digest, a summary of the rent law of the province. In 1879, he produced a history of the Afghan Nawabs of Fatehgarh, or Farrukhabad (Journ. Asiatic Soc. of Bengal, 1879). Upon returning to Britain, he began a history of the decline of the Mogul empire, planned as beginning from the death of Aurangzeb in 1707 to the capture of Delhi by Lord Lake in 1803. Chapters appeared in the Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal between 1896 and 1908. In the end, the history did not extend further than the accession of Mahomed Shah in 1719. Related papers appeared in the Journals of the Royal Asiatic Society of London and the Asiatic Society of Bengal, the Asiatic Quarterly Review, and the Indian Antiquary; and in 1903, Irvine published The Army of the Indian Moghuls: its organisation and administration.

Irvine also contributed in 1908 the chapter on Mogul history to the new Gazetteer of India. His last significant publication was a life of Aurangzeb in the Indian Antiquary for 1911; a résumé appeared the same year in the Encyclopédie d'Islam.

Family
In 1872, Irvine married Teresa Anne, youngest daughter of Major Evans, and grandniece of Sir George de Lacy Evans. She died in 1901 and was buried in the same grave with her husband. They had one son, Henry, an electrical engineer in the West Indies, as well as a daughter.

Notes

Attribution

External links

 Storia do Mogur
 The army of the Indian Moghuls: its organization and administration.

1840 births
1911 deaths
20th-century Scottish historians
Historians of India
Indian Civil Service (British India) officers
Scottish civil servants
19th-century Scottish historians
Writers from Aberdeen


title: CTH (company)

text:
CTH Public Company Limited (CTH), formerly known as Cable Thai Holding Public Company Limited, was a Thai pay TV operator and Internet broadband services provider.

It was founded by a large group of cable television operators as Cable Thai Holding, a holding company established for dealing and share its content. It was offering pay television channels on an analog CATV system which had a largest customer base in Thailand with over 2.5 million households before started its own pay TV business as CTH.

CTH held English Premier League broadcast rights for season 2013/14 till 2015/16 in Thailand, Laos and Cambodia.

History

Early history

Cable Thai Holding Public Company Limited was set up in August 2009 by over 100 Thailand cable television operators with initial capital of 50 million baht. Its mission was to provide TV program licenses, unified channel line up, marketing for member cable operators to expand their subscriber base.

In February 2010, the company, headed by president Kesem Inkaew who was also president of Thailand Cable TV Association, started its CTH platform with 26 leading cable channels broadcast via ABS1 satellite for its member cable operators to redistribute to their subscribers.

Expansion
Major change to the company organization happened in April 2012, when Wichai Thongtang, a businessman and former Thaksin Shinawatra lawyer, acquired 25% of CTH while Thai Rath newspaper family, headed by Vachara Vacharapol, acquired another 25% of the company. CTH also looked for another partner for 20% stake while the remaining 30% was still held by cable operators. The company capital was also raised to 1 billion baht. Wichai Thongtang became the company chairman.

In August 2012, TrueVisions announced partnership with CTH to allow CTH access to nine channels produced by TrueVisions.

In November 2012, CTH won the broadcast right to English Premier League from 2013–14 to 2015–16 seasons with the highest price in Asia and the second highest in the world valued $320 million.

The service started broadcast via cable-TV providers and on satellite via Vinasat-2 in mid-August 2013, just weeks before English Premier League started its new season.

In September 2013, CTH filed a lawsuit against Apple Inc. and its local company, Apple South Asia (Thailand), accusing of violating intellectual property rights for commercial purposes and counterfeiting or altering a registered trademark for ฿100 million after they allow an app call "Sports Channel" that allow the user to watch EPL live broadcasts to be sold on Apple's App Store.

In January 2014, CTH collaborated with PSI Holdings to offer English Premier League packages in lower price aiming to expand the subscribers. CTH also acquired the broadcast rights to WWE programmes in a five-year deal to broadcast on CTH Sport Spirit channel and later on dedicated CTH WWE channel.

In February 2014 the company stated that it would focus more on satellite-TV operators to expand its subscriber base and by June the company reduced its cable partners to about 100 operators from 170.

In June 2014 CTH Public Company Limited chose Inview Technology and Irdeto to introduce OTT and hybrid versions of its cable services.

In July 2014, CTH announced a business partnership with GMM Grammy to acquire its pay-TV subsidiary, GMM B who is operating pay-TV business branded Z Pay-TV, including its channels and content such as UEFA Euro 2016 in exchange of 10% stake of CTH.

Downfall

In November 2015, CTH began to revoke its service via over 170 local cable service providers after they turned the focus into satellite TV after the merger of GMM B. In the same month, they lost Premier League bid for the next three seasons to beIN Sports with a lower price than theirs from the last three years.

In late January 2016, CTH cancelled their Z Pay-TV packages provided for GMM Z customer following by the cancellation of its channels on PSI and RS Sunbox packages in February 2016.

On 1 August 2016, CTH ceased its KU-band broadcast via Thaicom satellite after they laid off its around 100 employees and announced to cease all of their broadcasting service on 1 September 2016 after its rival TrueVisions acquired sub-licensing rights to broadcast Premier League from beIN Sport until 2019. CTH said it can no longer withstand the impact of the economic slowdown. It was reported the company has a losses of almost 20 billion baht.

Controversy

WWE file a lawsuit against CTH in August 2015 after they failed to pay the license fee since March 2014 and being warned that the company was in breach of agreement. WWE was awarded $23.8 million by the federal court. CTH stopped its broadcast of WWE contents on 7 September 2015.

On 14 December 2016, Fox Networks Group Asia has filed legal actions against Bangkok Bank as a guarantor for distribution fees of their contract with CTH and GMM Grammy for $71 million.

Channels

Channels produced by CTH

Sports

 Stadium 1
 Stadium 2
 Stadium 3
 Stadium 4
 Stadium 5
 Stadium 6
 Stadium X

Channels produced by GMM B

Sports

 GMM Football Extra
 GMM Football Plus
 GMM Football Euro
 GMM Club Channel
 GMM Sport Extreme
 GMM Sport Plus

References

External links

Mass media companies of Thailand
Defunct companies of Thailand


title: Un rostro en el pasado

text:
Un rostro en el pasado is a Mexican telenovela produced by Telesistema Mexicano in 1960.

Cast
 Sara García
 Gloria Marín
 Eduardo Fajardo
 Nicolás Rodríguez
 Héctor Gómez
 Dalia Íñiguez
 Magda Donato
 Julio Monterde

Production
Original Story:  Fernanda Villeli
Adaptation:  Fernanda Villeli
Direct by:  Rafael Banquells
 Produced by: Colgate-Palmolive
 Producer/Director: Leopoldo Labra

References

External links

1960 telenovelas
Televisa telenovelas
Television shows set in Mexico
1960 Mexican television series debuts
1960 Mexican television series endings
Spanish-language telenovelas


title: Secretaria o mujer

text:
Secretaria o mujer  is a Mexican telenovela produced by Telesistema Mexicano (now Televisa) in 1960.

Plot
The story of a man who falls in love with his secretary, but can not recognize.

Cast
 Rafael Banquells
 Patricia Morán
 Tony Carbajal
 Dalia Íñiguez

References

1960 telenovelas
Televisa telenovelas
Television shows set in Mexico City
1960 Mexican television series debuts
1960 Mexican television series endings
Spanish-language telenovelas


title: A Hole in the Forehead

text:
A Hole in the Forehead (, also known as A Hole Between the Eyes) is a 1968 Italian Spaghetti Western film directed by Giuseppe Vari.

Cast

 Dragomir Bojanić as Billy Blood (credited as Anthony Ghidra)
 Robert Hundar as General Munguja
 Rosy Zichel as Adelita
 Corinne Fontaine as Placida
 Giuseppe Addobbati as Prior Blasco
 Jhon Bryan as Miguel

References

External links

Spaghetti Western films
1968 Western (genre) films
1968 films
Films directed by Giuseppe Vari
Films scored by Roberto Pregadio
1960s Italian-language films
1960s Italian films


title: Vida por vida

text:
Vida por vida  is a Mexican telenovela produced by Telesistema Mexicano (now Televisa) in 1960. with episodes of 30 minutes duration. Under the direction of Rafael Banquells.

Plot
The story tells of two women vying for the love of a man.

Cast
 Jacqueline Andere as Tula
 Celia Manzano
 Miguel Manzano as Antonio
 Armando Calvo as Dr. Valcourt
 Mónica Serna as Chachita
 Juan Felipe Preciado as Andrés
 Gina Romand

References

External links

1960 telenovelas
Televisa telenovelas
Television shows set in Mexico City
1960 Mexican television series debuts
1960 Mexican television series endings
Spanish-language telenovelas


title: The Suburbanite

text:
The Suburbanite is a 1904 American short comedy silent film directed by Wallace McCutcheion and starring John Troiano. The film was produced and distributed by the American Mutoscope & Biograph Company. Prints exist in the Library of Congress film archive and in the Museum of Modern Art film archive.

Plot
The film is about a family who move to the suburbs, hoping for a quiet life. Things start to go wrong, and the wife gets violent and starts throwing crockery, leading to her arrest.

Cast
John Troiano

Reception
Pamela Robertson Wojcik considers the film to be a landmark film for actors, noting that the "comic characters had assumed a more central position in the mise-en-scene", and as a result, the actor's skills were "increasingly called upon to create a rudimentary character".

References

External links

1904 films
American silent short films
1904 comedy films
Silent American comedy films
Articles containing video clips
American black-and-white films
1904 short films
American comedy short films
Films directed by Wallace McCutcheon Sr.
1900s American films


title: Black Moor (Rhön)

text:
The Black Moor () is an important internationally recognised wetland located in the Bavarian Rhön Mountains at the tripoint of the German states of Hesse, Thuringia and Bavaria. It is part of UNESCO's Rhön Biosphere Reserve and has an area of 66.4 hectares. It is thus the largest bog complex in the Rhön. Much of the moor is a largely undisturbed and intact raised bog. It is part of the Europe-wide conservation system, Natura 2000, and one of the most important raised bogs in Central Europe. The Black Moor lies on the watershed between the Rhine and Weser rivers. In 2007 the Black Moor was included in the List of the 100 most beautiful geotopes in Bavaria.

The Black Moor is an eccentric, cupola-shaped, raised bog. Its surface appearance resembles that of the northern kermi bogs. From its central plateau which lies near the higher edge of the bog in the north, where the peat is up to 8 metres thick in places, the surface of the terrain falls away on all sides. The central plateau forms an almost rectangular area with a length of about 800 metres from northwest to southeast and a width of about 400 metres. On the steepest slopes there are hollows running parallel to the contours: elongated, sharply defined troughs known as flarks (Schlenken). These are up to 50 metres long and between one and three metres deep.

Location

The Black Moor lies in the Lower Franconian parish of Hausen, six kilometres from Fladungen on the High Rhön Road and on the state road, ST 2287, from Seiferts, one kilometre southeast of the border with Thuringia and two kilometres east of the border with Hesse. It lies at an elevation of 770 to 782 metres above sea level (NN) in a shallow hollow that slopes gently southeast on the upper slopes of the 805-metre-high Querenberg, whose summit is about one kilometre to the west.

The bog is drained mainly by the Eisgraben, twelve metres lower, to the south. This stream empties into the Streu, six kilometres east and 400 metres lower down, its waters forming part of the drainage basin of the River Rhine. Another stream drains the bog into the Hessian Ulster, which is three kilometres to the west and just under 300 metres lower and belongs to the Weser basin.

Name

The Black Moor, along with the Red Moor, is one of the larger moors in the High Rhön, whose name, according to tradition, comes from the colour of the original vegetation. The vicar cooperator of Simmershausen, Franz Anton Jäger, a keen naturalist, wrote in his letters about the High Rhoene of Franconia, published in 1803, that the Black Moor was much wetter than the Red Moor. As a result, the red Magellan's Peatmoss (Sphagnum magellanicum), the plant that gave the Red Moor its name and which also grew in the Black Moor, became waterlogged as soon as it germinated, became mouldy and black, thus giving rise to the name of the Black Moor. Even today the name appears apt.

References

Literature
 Naturpark und Biosphärenreservat Bayerische Rhön e. V. (pub.): Naturlehrpfad Schwarzes Moor. 2003.
 Zweckverband Naturpark Bayerische Rhön (pub.): Naturlehrpfad Schwarzes Moor. Rötter Druck und Verlag GmbH, Bad Neustadt, 1988.
 Willy Kiefer: Die Moore der Rhön. Verlag Parzeller GmbH & Co. KG, Fulda, 1996, .
 Joachim S. Hohmann: Landvolk unterm Hakenkreuz. Agrar- und Rassenpolitik in der Rhön. Ein Beitrag zur Landesgeschichte Bayerns, Hessens und Thüringens, Frankfurt/M., Berlin, Bern, New York, Paris, Wien 1992, .
 Max Mölter: Die Hochrhönstraße. Verlag Parzeller Fulda, 5th edition, 1986, .
 Heribert Kramm: Die Hochrhön. Verlag Parzeller GmbH & Co. KG, Fulda, 2006, .
 Theodor Gies: Vegetation und Ökologie des Schwarzen Moores (Rhön) unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des Kationengehaltes. Dissertationes Botanicae, 1972; .
 Udo Bohn: Die Vegetation der Hohen Rhön – Gesellschaftsinventar, Bewertung, aktuelle Gefährdungen, Erhaltungsmaßnahmen. Natur und Landschaft. Bonn-Bad Godesberg, 1981.
 Gisbert Große-Brauckmann: Moore in der Rhön als Beispiele für Entstehung, Entwicklung und Ausbildungsformen von Mooren und ihre Probleme heute. Beitrag in Naturkunde Osthessen. Fulda, 1996.
 LIFE-Projekt Rhön der EU (pub.): Naturschätze der Rhön: Hochmoore. Kaltensundheim, 1997.
 Jürgen Holzhausen, Ernst Hettche: Hochmoore im Biosphärenreservat Rhön. Verlag Richard Mack, Mellrichstadt, 1996, .

External links

 Black Moor Educational Path (Bavarian State Ministry for the Environment and Consumer Protection)
 Black Moor – Geotope Number 47 (Bavarian Department of the Environment)
 Black Moor picture gallery
 Photographs of the Black Moor

Rhön Mountains
BSchwarzesmoor
BBlack Moor
Rhön-Grabfeld
Bogs of Bavaria
Bogs of Hesse
Bogs of Thuringia


title: Petrea Webster

text:
Petrea Webster (born 30 March 1988) is a New Zealand field hockey player. She has competed for the New Zealand women's national field hockey team (the Black Sticks Women) since 2011, including at the 2014 Women's Hockey World Cup. She will compete for the team at the 2014 Commonwealth Games.

Born in Auckland, Webster was selected for the Black Sticks in February 2011, and played her first test against Japan the following month. She works as a physical education teacher at Carmel College on Auckland's North Shore.

References

External links

1988 births
Living people
Field hockey players from Auckland
New Zealand female field hockey players
Field hockey players at the 2014 Commonwealth Games
Commonwealth Games bronze medallists for New Zealand
Field hockey players at the 2016 Summer Olympics
Olympic field hockey players for New Zealand
Commonwealth Games medallists in field hockey
Medallists at the 2014 Commonwealth Games


title: Swedish Council for Higher Education

text:
The Swedish Council for Higher Education (, UHR) is a Swedish government agency organized under the Ministry of Education and Research assigned to manage admissions to Swedish universities and university colleges, applications and development of the Swedish Scholastic Aptitude Test, and evaluate foreign qualifications. Additionally, the agency has a responsibility to provide objective information and stimulate interest in higher education. The agency is also tasked with auditing, works to prevent discrimination, and is the national agency for EU and other international programmes for the education sector.

History
The Swedish Agency for Higher Education Services (, VHS) and the International Programme Office for Education and Training () was succeeded by UHR in January 2013. UHR also took over parts of the responsibilities previously held by the National Agency for Higher Education ().

See also
 Swedish Scholastic Aptitude Test

References

External links
The Swedish Council for Higher Education – Official website (English)

Government agencies of Sweden
Education in Sweden
Higher education authorities
Regulation in Sweden


title: French POW publications of World War I

text:
A number of newspapers were produced by French prisoners in POW camps in Germany during World War I. Argus (1917) lists six such publications: Canard (Nürnberg), l'Écho des Baraques (Zwickau), Exilé (Hammelburg), Intermède (Würzburg), Le Camp de Göttingen (Göttingen) and Les Camps d'Allemagne (published from Göttingen, with news from Cassel camp as well).

References

World War I
French-language newspapers published in Europe
French prisoners of war in World War I


title: Fields of Science and Technology

text:
Fields of Science and Technology (FOS) is a compulsory classification for statistics of branches of scholarly and technical fields, published by the OECD in 2002. It was created out of the need to interchange data of research facilities, research results etc. It was revised in 2007 under the name Revised Fields of Science and Technology.

List

 Natural sciences
 Mathematics
 Computer and information sciences
 Physical sciences
 Chemical sciences
 Earth and related environmental sciences
 Biological sciences
 Other natural sciences
 Engineering and technology
 Civil engineering
 Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
 Mechanical engineering
 Chemical engineering
 Materials engineering
 Medical engineering
 Environmental engineering
 Systems engineering
 Environmental biotechnology
 Industrial biotechnology
 Nano technology
 Other engineering and technologies
 Medical and health sciences
 Basic medicine
 Clinical medicine
 Health sciences
 Health biotechnology
 Other medical sciences
 Agricultural sciences
 Agriculture, forestry, and fisheries
 Animal and dairy science
 Veterinary science
 Agricultural biotechnology
 Other agricultural sciences
Social science
 Psychology
 Economics and business
 Educational sciences
 Sociology
 Law
 Political science
 Social and economic geography
 Media and communications
 Other social sciences
 Humanities
 History and archaeology
 Languages and literature
 Philosophy, ethics and religion
 Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)
 Other humanities

See also
 International Standard Classification of Education
 International Standard Classification of Occupations
 Wissenschaft – epistemological concept in which serious scholarly works of history, literature, art, and religion are similar to natural sciences

References

OECD
Scientific classification


title: A Million Machines

text:
A Million Machines is an electronic music band from Silver Lake, California. Its members include producer/multi-instrumentalist MIG (The New Room), and vocalist Fate Fatal (The Deep Eynde / Bomp! Records, Kittens for Christian / Sony Records).

Fusing low-res electronic noise and pop hooks, A Million Machines began as a one-off band during a gallery opening in Downtown Los Angeles at LA Art Walk.  After being showcased on local college radio stations including KXLU in Los Angeles, the band's sound quickly progressed to incorporate various areas of electronic music; electroclash, shoegazing, electropunk and electropop.

MIG's ten-year experience with his band The New Room brings heavy influences from Wire, Kraftwerk and the Martin Dupont. Fate Fatal's twenty years with gothic band, THE DEEP EYNDE has given him the experience to deliver gritty and delivers vocal styles that channel 80/90's influences of Dave Gahan (Depeche Mode), and Trent Reznor (Nine Inch Nails).

Their full-length debut album is scheduled for release in Summer 2015 on Vext Records, Los Angeles.

References

External links

 Facebook

Musical groups established in 2013
American experimental musical groups
American synth-pop groups
Electroclash groups
Electronic music groups from California
Musical groups from Los Angeles
Silver Lake, Los Angeles
2013 establishments in California


title: Ansar al-Din Front

text:
Jabhat Ansar al-Din (, The Supporters of the Religion Front) is a jihadist alliance that announced itself on 25 July 2014, during the Syrian Civil War. The alliance contains two groups: Harakat Sham al-Islam and Harakat Fajr ash-Sham al-Islamiya; it had declared that was not affiliated with any other "parties". The Green Battalion was originally a signatory, but around October 2014, it swore allegiance to the leader of Jaish al-Muhajireen wal-Ansar and was integrated into that faction. The alliance had attempted to maintain neutrality in the conflict between ISIL and other groups. On January 28, 2017, it joined with numerous other factions to form Tahrir al-Sham, though portions of it left HTS in February 2018.

The groups involved in the coalition have diverse memberships; Harakat Fajr Sham al-Islamiya numbers mostly Syrians from the Aleppo area, while Harakat Sham al-Islam was formed around a core of Moroccan fighters, the Green Battalion mainly had fighters from Saudi Arabia and Jaish al-Mujahireen wal-Ansar was formed by Chechen and other Russian-speaking fighters. On 23 September 2015, Jaish al-Muhajireen wal-Ansar left and joined Jabhat al-Nusra.

Timeline
 25 July 2014: Harakat Sham al-Islam, Harakat Fajr ash-Sham al-Islamiya, Jaish al-Muhajireen wal-Ansar and Green Battalion announced the creation of Jabhat Ansar al-Din as an alliance between the four groups.
 3 October 2014: Green Battalion merged under Jaish al-Muhajireen wal-Ansar.
 23 September 2015: Jaish al-Muhajireen wal-Ansar left the alliance to join Al-Nusra Front.
 10 December 2016: The two remaining factions in the alliance Harakat Sham al-Islam led by Abu Mohammed al-Baydawi and Harakat Fajr ash-Sham al-Islamiya led by Abu Abdullah al-Shami have completely merged under Jabhat Ansar al-Din name, the leader is Abu Abdullah al-Shami.
 28 January 2017: Jabhat Ansar al-Din dissolved itself and joined Tahrir al-Sham.
 1 February 2018: Harakat Fajr ash-Sham al-Islamiya defected from Tahrir al-Sham and resumed working as an independent group under the name Ansar al-Din Front - Harakat Fajr ash-Sham al-Islamiya.

Groups

Harakat Sham al-Islam

Harakat Sham al-Islam (, meaning "Islamic Movement of the Levant") is a jihadist group composed of primarily Moroccans that has been active during the Syrian Civil War. The group announced on 25 July 2014 that it became part of the Jabhat Ansar al-Din. It was designated as a terrorist organization by the US State Department on 24 September 2014, by United Nations on 29 February 2016. and by Bahrain and Morocco.

The group was founded in August 2013 by Moroccans Brahim Benchekroun, Mohamed Mazouz, and Mohammed Souleimani Laalami, who had been released from the Guantanamo Bay detention camp. Harakat Sham al-Islam first came to notice because of the role it played in the 2013 Latakia offensive. The following year the group was one of the three primary factions, alongside Al-Nusra Front and Ansar al-Sham, that took part in the 2014 Latakia offensive. Harakat Sham al-Islam also has a presence in Aleppo, being involved in battles for Kindi Hospital and the Aleppo Central Prison.

The group's leader, Shakran, was killed in a battle with Syrian Government forces in April 2014, along with the group's military commander, Abu Safiya Al-Masri. On 12 December 2016 they fully dissolved into Jabhat Ansar al-Din.

Harakat Fajr ash-Sham al-Islamiya
Harakat Fajr ash-Sham al-Islamiya (, Islamic Dawn Movement of the Levant) is a jihadist group that has been active during the Syrian Civil War. The group announced on 25 July 2014 that it became part of the Jabhat Ansar al-Din. On 12 December 2016, the group fully dissolved into Jabhat Ansar al-Din.

On 1 February 2018, Harakat Fajr ash-Sham al-Islamiya left Tahrir al-Sham and began operation under the name Ansar al-Din Front - Harakat Fajr ash-Sham al-Islamiya

On 20 June 2018, al-Murabitin Battalion, Osama Battalion, Abu Ali Yemeni Battalion and Abu Hilal Zitan Battalion left Tahrir al-Sham to join the Islamic Dawn Movement of the Levant.

On 2 August 2018, Ansar al-Haqq and Abna Sharia joined.

On 20 August 2018, Fursan al-Iman joined the group.

Relationship with other groups
The group has stated they desire to maintain a policy of neutrality and independence between various groups in fighting against the Syrian government as well as stating a desire to cooperate with these groups as well, prior the formation of the group the member groups did cooperate with ISIL in early 2014 in besieging the Kweiris airbase.

In an interview in 2015 a representative from the group was asked about their views regarding both al-Nusra and ISIL to which the representative said regarding al-Nusra "The problem is with them, not with us: we are prepared to work with all upright factions whose goals are like ours. It is not hidden from anyone that the goals of the majority of factions are like our goals." He added when asked if al-Nusra has made mistakes on the ground "In my personal opinion indeed we all make mistakes…and perhaps in Jabhat al-Nusra’s point of view it is not necessary to establish a Caliphate while the gangs of Assad exist in Syria." When asked about the group's stance on ISIL he said "We have no relation with IS (Islamic State). We don’t fight them and they don’t fight us. But anyone who says that Jabhat Ansar al-Din is affiliated with IS is lying."

See also
List of armed groups in the Syrian Civil War

References

External links

Anti-government factions of the Syrian civil war
2014 establishments in Syria
Jihadist groups in Syria
Salafi Jihadist groups


title: Southern Lakes

text:
Southern Lakes may refer to:

Southern Lakes (New Zealand)
Southern Lakes (electoral district), a former electoral district in Canada
Mount Lorne-Southern Lakes, a current electoral district in Canada

See also
South Lake (disambiguation)


title: Agence des Balkans et d'Orient

text:
Agence des Balkans et d'Orient was a Paris-based news bureau, active during World War I. Henri Pozzi was the director of the bureau.

References

News agencies based in France


title: The Ribald Decameron

text:
The Ribald Decameron (, also known as Love, Passion and Pleasure) is a 1972 Italian commedia sexy all'italiana film directed by Giuseppe Vari (here credited as Walter Pisani). Nominally based on the Giovanni Boccaccio's novel Decameron, it is part of a series of derivative erotic comedies based on the success of Pier Paolo Pasolini's The Decameron.

Plot summary
In the Middle Ages, the intrepid Cecco earns eating in taverns and squares as a novelist. His specialty is to re-read the Decameron of Boccaccio, narrating the stories most erotic and licentious, whose theme loves of nuns and friars, and rich women who want to fool theIR old husbands with bold boys.

Cast

 Dado Crostarosa: Cecco
 Malisa Longo: Madre Lucrezia
 Orchidea De Santis: Dinda
 Giacomo Rizzo: Camillo
 Patrizia Viotti: Tessa

References

External links

1972 films
Films based on works by Giovanni Boccaccio
Films directed by Giuseppe Vari
1970s sex comedy films
Commedia sexy all'italiana
Films set in the Middle Ages
The Decameron
1972 comedy films
1970s Italian-language films
1970s Italian films


title: La Bataille syndicaliste

text:
('Syndicalist Battle'), renamed Bataille on 30 September 1915, was a syndicalist morning daily published from Paris. It was the central organ of the Confédération générale du travail (CGT).

Publication history
The newspaper was founded in 1911. The founding nucleus of the newspaper consisted of Léon Jouhaux (secretary of the editorial bureau, representing the CGT), Harmel (joint secretary, representing postal workers), Dumas (treasurer, representing clothing workers) and Griffuelhes (administrator, representing leather and skin workers). Apart from editing , the quartet also worked with the evening newspaper L'Intransigeant. The office of  was located at 10, boulevard Magenta. The first issue was published on April 27, 1911.

As of 1917 François Marie was the general secretary of the publication. Key contributors included Christiaan Cornelissen, J. Grave, L. Grandidier, Petr Kropotkin, P. Laval, E. Langevin, E. Le Guery and A. Violette. As of 1917 it claimed a circulation of 30,000.

Notable contributors
Notable contributors have included:

References

External links

1911 establishments in France
1930 disestablishments in France
Newspapers established in 1911
Revolutionary Syndicalism
Newspapers published in Paris
General Confederation of Labour (France)
Defunct newspapers published in France
Publications disestablished in 1920
Daily newspapers published in France


title: Regulatory B cell

text:
Regulatory B cells (Bregs or Breg cells) represent a small population of B cells that participates in immunomodulation and in the suppression of immune responses. The population of Bregs can be further separated into different human or murine subsets such as B10 cells, marginal zone B cells, Br1 cells, GrB+B cells, CD9+ B cells, and even some plasmablasts or plasma cells. Bregs regulate the immune system by different mechanisms. One of the main mechanisms is the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin 10 (IL-10), IL-35, or transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β). Another known mechanism is the production of cytotoxic Granzyme B. Bregs also express various inhibitory surface markers such as programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), CD39, CD73, and aryl hydrocarbon receptor. The regulatory effects of Bregs were described in various models of inflammation, autoimmune diseases, transplantation reactions, and in anti-tumor immunity.

History
In the 1970s it was noticed that Bregs could suppress immune reaction independently of antibody production. In 1996 Janeway's group observed an immunomodulation of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) by B cells. Similar results were shown in a model of chronic colitis one year later. Then a role of Bregs was found in many mouse models of autoimmune diseases as rheumatoid arthritis or systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Development and populations
Bregs can develop from different subsets of B cells such as immature and mature B cells or plasmablasts. Whether Breg cells uniquely derive from a specific progenitor or originate within conventional B cell subsets is still an open question.  Unfortunately, Breg cells are more difficult to define than regulatory T cells (Tregs) since they lack a lineage marker analogous to the Treg cell marker - FOXP3. Bregs share many markers with various B cell subsets due to their origin. Human and murine Bregs can be further separated into many subsets due to their different mechanism of action and distinct expression of key surface markers (table below). It is estimated that IL-10 producing B cell subpopulations can constitute up to 10% of circulating human B cells. There is still no clear consensus on the classification and definition of Breg cells. Mouse Bregs were mainly CD5 and CD1d positive in the model of EAE or after the exposition of Leishmania major. By contrast, mouse Bregs in model of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) were mainly CD21 and CD23 positive. Bregs were found in humans, too.  Markers of peripheral blood Bregs were molecules CD24 and CD38. However, peripheral blood Bregs were mostly CD24 and CD27 positive after cultivation with anti-CD40 antibody and CpG bacterial DNA. They were also positive for CD25, CD71 and PD-L1 after stimulation by CpG bacterial DNA and through TLR9.

Mechanisms of action

There are several mechanisms of Breg action. Nevertheless, the most examined mechanism is the production of IL-10. IL-10 has strong anti-inflammatory effects. It inhibits (or suppresses) inflammatory reactions mediated by T cells, especially Th1 and Th17 type immune reactions. This was shown for example in the models of EAE, CIA or contact hypersensitivity. Likewise, regulatory B cell subsets have also been demonstrated to inhibit Th1 responses through IL-10 production during chronic infectious diseases such as visceral leishmaniasis. By production of IL-10, Bregs are also capable of conversion of naïve CD4+ T cells into Tregs and IL-10-secreting type 1 regulatory CD4+ T cells. This has been observed in various experimental models as well as chronically virus-infected patients. Another mechanism of Breg suppression is the production of transforming growth factor (TGF-β), an anti-inflammatory cytokine. The role of Bregs producing TGF-β was found in the mouse models of SLE  and diabetes. The last anti-inflammatory cytokine produced only by some Bregs is IL-35, which plays a role in Treg conversion. Breg cells are capable of releasing IL-35 containing exosomes. It is not yet clear whether IL-10 and IL-35-producing Bregs correspond to separate populations or display some degree of overlap. Besides the production of immunomodulatory cytokines, Bregs also release cytotoxic granzyme B involved in the degradation of the T cell receptor and T cell apoptosis. Another mechanism of Breg suppression involves surface molecules such as FasL, which induces T cell death, or PD-1 and PD-L1. PD-1+ Bregs have been shown to suppress CD4+ and CD8+ T cell activity and induce Tr1 cells, while PD-L1 Bregs were reported to inhibit NK and CD8+ T cell cytotoxicity. Some Bregs also express additional suppressive molecules such as CD39, CD73, and aryl hydrocarbon receptor.

Activation
Resting B lymphocytes do not produce cytokines. After the response to antigen or different stimuli such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines TNFα, IL-1β, IL-10 and IL-6 are produced. This indicates that the Breg must be stimulated to produce suppressive cytokines. There are two types of signals to activate Breg, namely signals generated by external pathogens (PAMPs) and endogenous signals produced by the action of body cells. PAMPs are recognized by the toll-like receptors (TRLs). TLRs trigger a signal cascade at the end of which is the production of effector cytokines. Bregs are mainly generated after the recognition of TLR4 or TLR9 ligands - LPS and CpG. The main endogenous signal is the stimulation of the surface molecule CD40. Some anti-inflammatory factors, such as IL-35 and retinoic acid have also been proposed to induce Breg phenotype. Additionally, cytokine IL-21 together with CD40 ligand and/or TLR9 signals has been shown to induce B10 generation and the emergence of IL-10 producing plasmablasts during inflammatory processes.

Autoimmune diseases

Bregs are studied in several human autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS), rheumatoid arthritis, SLE, type 1 diabetes, or Sjögren's syndrome. Generally, Breg cells seem to be important in preventing autoimmune diseases and are often reported reduced or with impaired inhibitory abilities in autoimmunity.

Multiple sclerosis
The main reported mechanism of Breg reduction of MS is the production of IL-10, IL-35, and TGF- β. Bregs have been extensively studied in the mouse model of multiple sclerosis - EAE, where the depletion of Bregs worsened the disease and increased the number of autoreactive T cells, but it is not clear whether the frequencies of Breg cells are altered in MS patients. Although one study reported normal Breg frequencies in MS patients, a few others have observed a decreased amount of Breg cells in patients. It has been reported that an approved medication for MS treatment Glatiramer acetate increases Breg frequencies and enhances their function. Similarly, Alemtuzumab, which is an antibody that binds CD52 of T and B cells and causes apoptosis or cell lysis, increases the frequency of Bregs in patients with relapsing MS.

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
It has been observed that patients with SLE have deficiencies in the function of Bregs. Bregs isolated from patients had been reported to lose their regulatory capacity and be unable to inhibit the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines IFN-γ and TNF-α by CD4+ T cells compared to Bregs from healthy donors. Several studies have also noted a decrease in the percentage of IL-35+and IL-10+ Bregs cells in SLE patients.

Type 1 Diabetes
In mouse models, IL-10-producing Bregs have been shown to control autoimmune diabetes. In type 1 diabetes (T1D), the evidence suggests that IL-10–producing Bregs are numerically and functionally defective in patients compared to healthy donors. Bregs in T1D have decreased production of IL-10 and are unable to suppress Th1 and Th17 immune responses. Moreover, these defective Bregs are unable to convert naive CD4+ T cells in Tregs.

Tumors
Tumor-infiltrating B lymphocytes consist of various phenotypes, including both effector and regulatory B cells. IL-10 or Granzyme B-producing Bregs have been detected in various human cancers. Additionally, most studies have reported a positive correlation between Breg cells and Treg cells, which indicated an interaction between these subsets. It has been observed that higher frequencies of IL-10-producing B cells were observed in late-stage disease samples than in early-stage samples of esophageal cancer. Leukemia B cells spontaneously produce large amounts of IL-10. Moreover, increased levels of Bregs were detected in the peripheral blood and bone marrow of patients with acute myeloid leukemia. IL-10-producing Bregs are also present in gastric cancer, breast cancer, head and neck squamous carcinoma, and esophageal squamous carcinoma. The evidence suggests an immunosuppressive Breg role in cancer and it is possible that cancerous proliferation uses Bregs for its escape from the immune response.

Transplantation
It has been reported that patients undergoing kidney transplantation who were subjected to B-cell depletion therapy showed a higher incidence of graft rejection. The evidence shows that immunosuppressive properties of Bregs might play an essential role in allotransplants. Murine models of allotransplantation showed that Bregs increased the duration of allograft survival and controlled Th17, Tfh, and follicular regulatory T-cell differentiation. In other types of transplants, B cells can participate both in tolerance and in transplant rejection, depending on the origin of the Breg subpopulation.

References

B cells
Lymphocytes
Human cells
Immunology
Immune system


title: Miloš Dragojević

text:
Miloš Dragojević (; born 3 February 1989) is a Montenegrin professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Mladost DG, on loan from Budućnost and the Montenegro national team.

Club career
Born in Titograd (former name of Podgorica), he played with FK Budućnost Podgorica in the Montenegrin First League before signing with Polish Ekstraklasa side Widzew Łódź in 2012. After one season in Poland, he returned to Montenegro and played with FK Mladost Podgorica. In summer 2014 he moved abroad again, this time to join Serbian SuperLiga side OFK Beograd.

International career
Dragojević made 3 appearances for Montenegro U21 side between 2008 and 2010. He made his debut for the Montenegro national team in a friendly 0–0 tie with Bosnia and Herzegovina on 2 June 2021.

Honours
Budućnost Podgorica
 Montenegrin First League (6): 2007–08, 2011–12, 2016–17, 2019–20, 2020–21, 2022–23

 Montenegrin Cup (3): 2018–19, 2020–21, 2021–22

References

External links

1989 births
Living people
Footballers from Podgorica
Men's association football goalkeepers
Montenegrin men's footballers
Montenegro men's international footballers
Montenegro men's under-21 international footballers
FK Budućnost Podgorica players
OFK Titograd players
FK Bratstvo Cijevna players
Widzew Łódź players
OFK Beograd players
FK Pelister players
OFK Petrovac players
Montenegrin First League players
Ekstraklasa players
Macedonian First Football League players
Montenegrin expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in Poland
Montenegrin expatriate sportspeople in Poland
Expatriate men's footballers in Serbia
Montenegrin expatriate sportspeople in Serbia
Expatriate men's footballers in North Macedonia
Montenegrin expatriate sportspeople in North Macedonia


title: Abdus Sattar (Murshidabad politician)

text:
Abdus Sattar (5 June 1925 – 28 February 1991) was an Indian National Congress politician, seven-time MLA and cabinet minister in the state.

Early life
Abdus Sattar, son of Kalimuddin Biswas, was born at Lalgola in Murshidabad district on 5 June 1925. He did his post-graduation and degree in law from the University of Calcutta.

Political career
In 1965, he was leader of the Congress Party in the West Bengal Legislative Council. He won from the Lalgola (Vidhan Sabha constituency) in 1967, 1969, 1971, 1972, 1977, 1982 and 1987.

He was in the UDF ministries in 1969 and 1971. In 1972, he was minister for agriculture, law and minor irrigation in the Siddhartha Shankar Ray ministry. He was the leader of the opposition in the assembly from 1982 to 1991.

Death
He died on 28 February 1991. After his death, his son, Abu Hena, continued  to contest successfully the Lalgola seat.

References

1925 births
1991 deaths
State cabinet ministers of West Bengal
West Bengal MLAs 1967–1969
West Bengal MLAs 1969–1971
West Bengal MLAs 1971–1972
West Bengal MLAs 1972–1977
West Bengal MLAs 1977–1982
West Bengal MLAs 1982–1987
West Bengal MLAs 1987–1991
People from Murshidabad district
Indian National Congress politicians
Leaders of the Opposition in West Bengal
20th-century Bengalis


title: George Witt (collector)

text:
George Witt FRS (25 March 1804 – 20 February 1869) was a doctor, banker and mayor known for his collection of erotic objects.

Life

George Witt was born at Swaffham Prior, Cambridgeshire, the fifth son of Matthew Witt, a farmer, and Sarah (née Woollard). He was baptised on 23 May 1805, at the Anglican St. Mary's Church, Swaffham Prior.

Witt studied to become a physician at Northampton General Infirmary before he worked briefly for the East India Company. He notably took charge of a cholera epidemic on board a ship at Calcutta. He became a surgeon at Bedford Infirmary from where he visited Leiden for just three months. Based on his work in Calcutta he graduated as a Doctor of Medicine at the University. Witt married Elizabeth Hedley in Bedford in 1832. He practised as a doctor in Bedford where he rose to be the medical lead at Bedford Infirmary and by 1834 he was elected to the Mayor of Bedford. Witt was also elected to be a Fellow of the Royal Society the same year. Witt however failed to become an Alderman in Bedford until 1845 as his first application was turned down as he was not thought to have been a first class mayor a decade before.

In 1849 he was made "physician extraordinary" after he resigned from the Infirmary citing personal reasons. Witt had been recognised for the contribution of anatomical specimens and his collection of antiquities and natural history artefacts were particularly valued and it was thought that the town could establish a museum based on Witt's collection. Part of this collection was sold and eventually became part of first Bedford Modern School and eventually Bedford Museum.

Australia and London
Witt emigrated to Australia and settled in Sydney in 1850 where he resumed his medical career. Within a short time however he was distracted to banking and speculation and at this occupation he made a fortune as a banker. Witt returned to the United Kingdom where he used his money to establish a new house near Hyde Park. Witt now began to put together a collection of what would have been considered obscene objects. Witt was not concerned with the detailed provenance of these objects and he collected both ancient and modern items. Witt shared these objects with an international group of correspondents who appreciated these artefacts. Some of the items concerned nothing more unusual than body cleaning including the Uerdingen Hoard.

In the 1860s there was a lot of interest in the theories concerning the worship of Priapus and Witt organised for Richard Payne Knight's Discourse on the worship of Priapus and its connection with the mystic theology of the ancients to be republished with additional material and illustrations in 1865. Following an illness the same year, Witt approached the British Museum to enquire whether they would take his collection. The museum's director Anthony Panizzi agreed to take the objects even though they became a major part of a secret collection known as the museum's Secretum. Panizzi did not think twice as he considered the collection to be of the right quality for his museum. The collection appeared to be chosen primarily on the basis of its obscenity. The collection included modern photographs of women partially dressed as gladiators which were not thought to be academic artefacts but they were designed to be erotic. One of the artefacts was a toothed chastity belt which was thought to be medieval but was in fact a contemporary invention. In general however Witt's collection covered the major civilisations of Greece, Rome, Egyptian, Indian, Chinese, Tibetan, Japanese and Native American. Besides votive objects, bronzes and pottery his collection also included watercolours and sketches. Of particular note were his library and the records of his correspondence which included the details of objects not in the collection including a catalogue of the secret cabinet of Naples Museum.

Following the acceptance of his collection by the British Museum in 1865, Witt published "Catalogue of a Collection Illustrative of Phallic Worship" in 1866 to commemorate the approval of his artefacts by Panizzi. Witt died on 20 February 1869, at his home, 20 Princes' Terrace, Hyde Park, London. He was buried at Swaffham Prior. His wife, Elizabeth (née Hedley), died at the same house in 1871 and was also buried at Swaffham Prior.

Legacy
Witt's collection remained together in the Secretum until the Second World War. In 1939 the first set of artefacts were removed from the collection, which was based on taste, and they were classified according to its provenance. An interesting anecdote arose when an enquiry was received at the museum to view the remaining items. The request was challenged by the curators. They wanted to know why the researcher was making an application to view the collection's index. The museum also not only wanted to know what the list would be used for but what arrangements would be made to dispose of the list after the researchers death.

In 2014 the "secret" collection contains half of Witt's legacy which have not been reclassified. The curators of the museum thinks that these remaining items, and another 100 items from other sources, will be kept as a single collection as these items record Victorian values and the changing attitude to obscenity.

References

External links

1804 births
1869 deaths
People from Bedford
Fellows of the Royal Society
English collectors
People associated with the British Museum
Mayors of places in Bedfordshire
19th-century English medical doctors


title: Yagyavalkya Institute of Technology

text:
Yagyavalkya Institute of Technology is a technical college located in , Jaipur, India.

Established in 2002, the college is affiliated with Rajasthan Technical University. The college offers B.Tech courses in civil engineering, mechanical engineering, electronics, electrical and communication, computer science and information technology. The first engineering student class started in 2003.

References

External links
 Yagyavalkya Institute of Technology

Universities and colleges in Jaipur


From Leadville to Aspen: A Hold-Up in the Rockies is a 1906 American black-and-white short silent Western film from American Mutoscope & Biograph Company. It was directed by Wallace McCutcheon and Frank J. Marion (uncredited) with G.W. Bitzer as cinematographer.

Plot
In the Rocky Mountains, a train is en route from Leadville, Colorado to Aspen. Two bandits erect a pile of logs on the line, causing the engineer to stop the train. The bandits systematically rob the passengers at gunpoint and then make their getaway along the tracks. Later, they hijack a horse and cart.

Production
From Leadville to Aspen is an example of the "phantom rides" genre of film, which show the film from the perspective of the railcar.

The film was produced specifically for Hale's Tours of the World. George C. Hale took the phantom ride genre a step further by transforming a railcar into a theatre to show these films.  Such was the case with From Leadville to Aspen.  What is unique about this film, however, is that it was a fiction film rather than simply a scenic film, as other Hale Tours films had been. Realistic sound effects were added to the experience.

The outside scenes of From Leadville to Aspen wer shot in Phoenicia, New York on the Ulster and Delaware Railroad with the holdup scene inside the railcar being shot in the Biograph studio.

Music
While it is unknown what specific music was used to accompany the original film, MIT music professor Martin Marks provided accompaniment for inclusion of the film in More Treasures from American Film Archives intended to be historically representative of the genre.  Selections included She'll Be Comin' Round the Mountain When She Comes and Beethoven's "Pathetique" Piano Sonata op. 12.

References

External links

1906 films
1906 Western (genre) films
American black-and-white films
American silent short films
Biograph Company films
Films directed by Wallace McCutcheon Sr.
Silent American Western (genre) films
1900s American films
1900s English-language films


title: Illusory discontinuity

text:
Illusory discontinuity is an auditory illusion in which a continuous ongoing sound becomes inaudible during a brief, non-masking noise.  The illusion is perceived only by some listeners, but not by others, reflecting individual variation in hearing abilities. It has been estimated that among young adults 24% are susceptible to illusory discontinuity.  The most susceptible listeners describe their sensations in terms of the sound actually containing a physical gap.
The illusory discontinuity is strongest when the interrupting sound is short (50ms). Longer sounds elicit weaker illusory discontinuity; this effect may be related to better auditory segregation.

Relation to other auditory illusions

Illusory discontinuity is antagonistic with illusory continuity of tones (auditory filling-in). While illusory continuity restores perceptual continuity of obscured sounds, illusory discontinuity disrupts the perception even if the sound is indeed continuous. Listeners strongly susceptible to illusory discontinuity do not perceive illusory auditory continuity .

Relation to auditory masking

The illusion is likely to be a novel form of informational masking (broadly defined as a degradation of auditory detection or discrimination of a signal embedded in a context of other similar sounds). Illusory discontinuity cannot be explained by simultaneous masking, because it appears even if the noise is as far  as one octave away.

Relation to auditory stream segregation

It has been suggested that illusory discontinuity is related to inability to segregate the ongoing sound from the interrupting noise, although more research is needed to prove this.

Physiology

The mechanism of the illusory discontinuity is unknown. An electroencephalographic study has demonstrated that participants who were not prone to illusory discontinuity showed robust early neural responses at 40–66 ms after noise burst onset, whereas those prone to the illusion lacked these early responses. This suggests that the individual variability in perceiving discontinuity illusion is related to neural processing of the interrupting sound.

See also

Auditory illusion
Auditory masking
Auditory scene analysis
Electroencephalography
Illusory continuity of tones

References

Auditory illusions
Music psychology


title: The Autumn Republic

text:
The Autumn Republic is a fantasy novel by American author Brian McClellan, the third book of The Powder Mage trilogy. It is the sequel to Promise of Blood (2013) and The Crimson Campaign (2014) and was released on February 10, 2015.  The audiobook was narrated by Christian Rodska.

Plot
Field Marshal Tamas has returned to Adro after being chased for months behind enemy lines. For the first time in history, the capital of Adro is in the hands of a foreign invader. Reinforcements are weeks away, and friends and foes have become indistinguishable of each other.

Inspector Adamat, still searching for his kidnapped son, finds himself drawn into the very heart of the action, struggling to keep up with the mutiny that has turned the Adran army against itself.

Meanwhile, Taniel Two-Shot is hunted by men he once thought his friends, and finds himself the only hope for Adro.

Pre-publication
On February 21, 2014 McClellan wrote on his blog that he had almost finished the third book. The cover, made by Gene Mollica and Lauren Panepinto of Orbit Books, was revealed on McClellan's official website on February 24, 2014.

See also
 Promise of Blood (2013)
 The Crimson Campaign (2014)
 Brian McClellan

References

External links
 Official website of Brian McClellan

American fantasy novels
2015 American novels
Orbit Books books


title: Anne of Orléans

text:
Anne of Orléans may refer to:

 Anne of Orléans, Abbess of Fontevraud (1464–1491)
 Princess Anne of Orléans (Anne Hélène Marie; 1906–1986), Duchess of Aosta by marriage
 Princess Anne, Duchess of Calabria (née Princess Anne of Orléans; born 1938)

House of Orléans


title: Raven Tao

text:
Raven Tao, (titled Lady Allom) is a Eurasian model, media personality and entrepreneur based in Hong Kong.

Career

Tao modelled prolifically across Asia in her teens, a cover girl of Harpers Bazaar and other publications.

She starred as the face of international advertising campaigns for Sprite, Escada Laurel, Biore, Sunsilk, Samsung, Ferrero Rocher, Kodak, Honda, Chow Sang Sang, Citroën, Apex Beauty, Haier, Qui Mei, Claire TV, MW-Giorgio Fedon and numerous other global brands.

Tao starred in multiple international campaigns for Vidal Sassoon and Olay, and a semi-global campaign for Olay Total Effects.

Tao’s media presenter roles include TV, onstage, radio and celebrity interviews.

She hosted Rockit Hong Kong Music Festival 2004-2006, was radio DJ & producer for MediaCorp Singapore’s Top 40 radio station 987fm in 2007, and presented on AXN and HBO Singapore.

Tao hosted on Fox Movies Premium and Channel V International’s SPLASH Vol. 7, 8 and 9. She emceed the W Hong Kong 5th Anniversary global broadcast event in 2013, the 2014 Star World series Tokyo Luxe and was an ambassador for luxury realtors Engel & Voelkers HK in The Apartment 2013.

Tao has acted and cameoed in movies. She filmed with director Yick- Sum Poon on Wong Chi Wai’s music video 'Building Bridges, Fixing Roads', and starred in Poon’s avant-garde short film on SARS, titled STILL which aired at the Torino Film Festival.

Tao has a guest appearance in acclaimed director  Ann Hui's 2010 film, All About Love. and has a leading role in the 2012 movie Reunited in Malaysia (Wiedersehen in Malaysia, as Raven Hanson), where she is dubbed in German.

In 2015 Tao founded Hong Kong's first luxury corsetry brand, Pearls & Arsenic which featured on magazine covers and in multiple seasons of Asia’s Next Top Model.

Background
Tao is titled Lady Allom by marriage to financier Chevalier Commandeur Zak Allom.

Her mother is ethnically Chinese-Nepalese and her father is English-Polish. She was raised in Hong Kong, Canada, New Zealand and Australia and studied law.

Charity

Raven Tao has worked with charitable causes including "Bullets For Beauty", which supports local artisans in war torn countries by recycling military ammunition, youth empowerment program "Project Share" and "Liberty Asia", a charity devoted to prevention of human trafficking. Tao is the poster face and an interviewee of the 2017 documentary on women in media, The Beauty Machine.

References

External links

 Raven Tao (Instagram)

Living people
New Zealand female models
21st-century New Zealand actresses
New Zealand DJs
New Zealand people of Chinese descent
Canadian people of Chinese descent
Year of birth missing (living people)


title: Ted Bollard

text:
Edward George Bollard  (21 January 1920 – 10 November 2011) was a New Zealand plant physiologist and science administrator.

Biography
Born in Athlone, Ireland in 1920, Bollard moved to New Zealand as a child with his family. His family settled in Glen Eden, and he became dux at Mt Albert Grammar School. After this, he attended Auckland University College (now the University of Auckland). He joined Plant Diseases Division of the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research (DSIR), but all territorial units were called up after the bombing of Pearl Harbour and he left with the 9th Reinforcements of the 2nd New Zealand Expeditionary Force. He was involved in the invasion of Italy. Despite being a Pākehā, he was assigned to the Māori Battalion as a signaller.

At the end of the war he received a bursary to attend Emmanuel College, Cambridge and do a PhD under F. T. Brooks.

Returning to New Zealand he rejoined the DSIR and rose to direct its plant diseases division. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of New Zealand in 1964, and was award the Hector Medal in 1972. In 1977, he was awarded the Queen Elizabeth II Silver Jubilee Medal, and in the 1983 New Year Honours, he was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire, for services to science.

Bollard died in Auckland in 2011 and his ashes were interred at Purewa Cemetery in 2013.

References

External links
 google scholar

1920 births
2011 deaths
People from Athlone
Irish emigrants to New Zealand
University of Auckland alumni
New Zealand military personnel of World War II
Alumni of Emmanuel College, Cambridge
20th-century New Zealand botanists
People associated with Department of Scientific and Industrial Research (New Zealand)
New Zealand Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
Burials at Purewa Cemetery
Presidents of the Royal Society of New Zealand
Scientists from County Westmeath