title: Laquintasaura

text:
Laquintasaura is a genus of Venezuelan ornithischian dinosaur containing only the type species Laquintasaura venezuelae.  The species was the first dinosaur to have been identified from Venezuela. It is known from extensive remains, all from a singular bonebed locality which has been sampled for specimen blocks over the course of several expeditions, largely led by Marcelo R Sánchez-Villagra. A small, very primitive animal, it is known for its distinct dental anatomy and for being one of the earliest and most primitive ornithischians in the fossil record. Taxonomic uncertainty has led to conflicting theories that it is either as the base of Ornithischia or at the base of the subgroup Thyreophora. In either model, its dating to around 200 million years ago, at the start of the Jurassic, existence in equatorial latitudes, and primitive nature make it a key view into early ornithischian evolution. It's thought that Laquintasaura would've lived in groups and had a possible omnivorous diet, living on a seasonal alluvial plain and being preyed about by the contemporary Tachiraptor.

Discovery and naming

The bonebed would produce material eventually named as Laquintasaura was originally discovered in the 1980s, by a team of French palaeontologists. The bonebed is found near a road between the towns of La Grita and Seboruco, in the Táchira state of Venezuela, in rocks pertaining to the Early Jurassic La Quinta Formation; it is directly opposite to the type section of the formation, separated by possible geologic faults. These initial French discoveries - two teeth and a quadrate would be brought to Paris and described by D.E. Russel and colleagues in a 1992 study; based on similar cranial anatomy, they were referred to the genus Lesothosaurus, an early ornithischian from the Early Jurassic of Lesotho and South Africa. Unaware of the French team's discoveries, Marcelo R. Sánchez-Villagra and colleagues would make their own expeditions into the La Quinta Formation; initially finding no vertebrate fossils in 1989, they'd later rediscover the bonebed in the first of three expeditions in 1992 and 1993; dinosaur expert James Clark was the one to first notice the easy to miss locality. A few plaster jackets worth of fossils were recovered and transported by Sánchez-Villagra to Buenos Aires in Argentina, where he and the team of Dr. Guillermo Rougier spent three months partially preparing the fossils. After this they were returned to Venezuela, being brought to Universidad Simón Bolívar where Sánchez-Villagra had written his thesis. Several years later in the late 1990s, Sánchez-Villagra would become aware of the French specimens and co-ordinate their return to Venezuela as well, deposited in the collections of the Museu de Biología de la Universidad de Zulia (MBLUZ).

Sánchez-Villagra become aware he was no longer permitted to study the fossils that had been deposited at the Universidad Simón Bolívar soon after they have been transferred, and resolved to conduct new expeditions to gather additional material from the bonebed; the Universidad Simón Bolívar material has gone unstudied since. Shortly before hearing this news an attempted expedition had failed due to a truck failure. A successful trip was organized in December of 1993, with a new team from Caracas, which produced abundant new material. This was deposited in the MBLUZ, like the original French material. Early preparation of these blocks was reported on at the 1994 conference of the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology. Sánchez-Villagra and Fernando Novas, who had met during the preparation in Buenos Aires, obtained a grant from the Jurassic Foundation to study the 1993 material. The project would eventually become based in the Natural History Museum in London, England and would bring in Paul Barrett. He, Novas, Sánchez-Villagra, and colleagues would finally publish on the material in a 2008 paper in the scientific journal PalZ, identifying a likely new genus of ornithischian among many other indeterminate animals but not naming it until further material was known.

That further material would become recognized and published on in a 2014 paper in the journal Proceedings of the Royal Society B by a team including Barrett and Sánchez-Villagra. This paper would re-evaluate the 2008 paper's conclusions, finding through comparisons with newly prepared material as well as new data on the usefulness of identifying features relied on by the 2008 study that almost all material in the bonebed (excepting two theropod teeth, later described with a newly recognized tibia as Tachiraptor) in fact belonged to the previously identified ornithischian taxon. With the entire wealth of material now recognized as belonging to the taxon, they formally named it as Laquintasaura venezuelae. The generic name derives from the name of the geologic formation and the feminine Greek suffix for lizard; the specific name refers to the country and people of Venezuela. Material prepared as of the publication of the paper included isolated cranial remains, an abundance of teeth, all four major types of vertebrae, a , pelvic and hindlimb material, and other isolated postcranial elements. Forelimb material was completely absent, and material from the hindfeet was very limited. Much of the material was still unprepared at this time, and it's possible much more material remains ungathered from the bonebed. A later 2021 study by Carlos-Manuel Herrera-Castillo, Sánchez-Villagra, and colleagues described a premaxilla prepared and studied since the 2014 paper; at the time of this publication, study and preparation of much material remains ongoing. As it is the oldest reliably dated ornithischian, hailing from the very start of the Jurassic, its discovery is considered to very significant.

Hundreds of individual fossil elements are known for Laquintasaura, representing a minimum of four individuals and potentially many more. The majority of known remains are thought to represent subadult individuals, but one small  is thought to belong to a juvenile (organism) and a scapular fragment is thought to be long to an adult. Among the material, the isolated tooth MBLUZ P.1396 was designated as the holotype, forming the type series with paratypes MBLUZ P.5017, a partial femur; MBLUZ P.5018, partial left ; and MBLUZ P.5005, a left astragalocalcaneum. Though the choice of a tooth as the type specimen is uncommon for a dinosaur, it was chosen due to being the most distinctive aspect of the anatomy, being a very abundant element of the sample, and the unlikelihood that teeth would different in different parts of the mouth due to the uniformity of the known teeth and anatomy of relatives.

Description

Like other early members of Ornithischia, it is assumed that Laquintasaura was a lithe bipedal animal. The largest femur among the bonebed is  in length, which was used to estimate the body size of the animal based on comparisons to other taxa. Assuming similar proportions to similar primitive ornithischians Hypsilophodon, Heterodontosaurus, and Hexinlusaurus, it was estimated the Laquintasaura individual was around  in length. The individual in question was, however, a subadult, indicating that the species may have gotten slightly larger as an adult, as indicated by other more fragmentary elements less useful for size estimation. Its small size and conservative skeletal anatomy indicates it, and other ornithischians at the very beginning of the Jurassic, had not yet diversified extensively from their ancestral anatomical state. Only later would the group diverge into larger, more specialized animals with traits with armor and quadrupeality.

The most distinctive part of the anatomy is Laquintasaura is found in its dentition, with numerous autapomorphies found therein. The teeth are unusually long, tapering from the central apex of the  and forming an isosceles triangular shape overall. Coarse denticles run along the entire crown margin (the edge of the exposed tooth). The teeth are laterally widest near this apex, and they possess uniquely prominent striations on both the inside and outside sides of the tooth. This anatomy is seen among all teeth in the bonebed sample, indicating it was likely uniform throughout the entirety of the mouth, both in the  and the . The premaxilla of L. venezuelae has seven teeth in each position and does not present a diastema close to the premaxillo-maxillary suture. Such a high number of premaxillary teeth is uncommon in ornithischians outside of some members of Ankylosauria; later members of Ornithischia would reduce their premaxillary tooth count until many didn't possess any whatsoever. The high count in Laquintasaura elucidates the basal state of having many teeth, and indicates its dental anatomy is very primitive even compared to other Early Jurassic taxa.

The  anatomy of Laquintasaura is less remarkable than that of its dentition, but still possesses a few autapormophies. The upper surface of the  further up than the  is highly inflected; in closely related taxa both sides of the ischium form a more continuous, smooth surface. The epicondyle at the connection of the  and the  is inset in the middle from a ventral or posterior view, a trait of derived ornithischians completely absent in any other basal taxa, which have a smooth transition without any notch forming a "step". Finally, the  has a broad and deep U-shaped notch on its top surface; a similar V-shaped notch is seen in Scutellosaurus, but is noticeably less developed in that genus, being less than half as deep. In contrast to these unique traits, ornithischian synapomorphies can be seen in the pelvic anatomy. In addition to its diagnostic features, numerous differences from other individual basal ornithischian taxa were noted, described in detail in the supplementary material of the 2014 description paper.

The histology of the bone microstructure of specimens referred to Laquintasaura indicate it had secondarily reduced growth rates compared to the presumed ancestral state of ornithischians, similar to other small thyreophorans like Scutellosaurus but unlike Lesothosaurus, ornithopods, and marginocephalians. However, the lack of data on primitive ornithischian histology as well as the limited sample size available for Laquintasaura, these conclusions remain uncertain.

Classification

The specifics of the phylogenetic relationships of Laquintasaura remains somewhat uncertain. Phylogenetic analyses as well general anatomy demonstrate robustly that it's a very basal member of the group Ornithischia. Its exact position within this clade was unresolved by the original 2014 description, which found it in a large polytomy with Eocursor, Lesothosaurus, Stormbergia, Scutellosaurus, the clade Thyreophora, and the clade Neornithischia. Some later phylogenetic analyses have had to remove the taxon outright due to being too fragmentary and lowering the resolution of the results. Some studies, such as that of Matthew G. Baron and colleagues or that of Thomas J. Raven and Susannah Maidment, both in 2017, have found it to be a very early member of the group Thyreophora, as the sister taxon of Scutellosaurus. Bone histology, similar to Scutellosaurus but unlike Lesothosaurus, has been posited as circumstantial evidence of this placement. On the other hand, the analysis of a study on ornithischian phylogeny by P. E. Dieudonné and colleagues in 2021 found Laquintasaura not as a thyreophoran but in a more primitive position outside of the clade Genasauria. The cladogram from Baron et al. (2017) is shown below on the left, and that of Dieudonné et al. (2021) is shown on the below right. Clade names have been inserted based on definitions established by a paper by Daniel Madzia and colleagues in 2021 for clarity.

Palaeoecology

Laquintasaura hails from the La Quinta Formation of northern South America, in what is now Colombia and Venezuela, and was found in the Venezuelan part of the formation. The exact age of the La Quinta Formation was traditionally very unclear, with estimates variably placing anywhere from the Permian to the Cretaceous, but modern estimates tend to find that the section containing the Laquintasaura bonebed dates to very near the boundary of the Triassic and Jurassic periods, specifically at start of the Hettangian age around 200 million years ago and potentially as little at 150 thousand years from the end of the Triassic, though some uncertainty still exists. This very old age makes Laquintasaura one of the earliest known members of Ornithischia, making it important to understanding their early evolution. It provides concrete evidence that they had spread to the northern hemisphere by the start of the Jurassic, and its geographic placement in an equatorial region demonstrates dinosaur presence in equatorial latitudes, as well as such region's role in early dinosaur evolution, something traditionally doubted. Though the genus' presence so soon after the end-Triassic extinction indicates ornithischians achieved quick expansion in diversity and distribution, its conservative anatomy indicates that increases in body size and anatomical specialization did not occur until later in the Jurassic.

The ecosystem that Laquintasaura lived in is thought to represent an alluvial plain, with both arid and humid seasons. The early theropod dinosaur Tachiraptor would have lived alongside Laquintasaura, and likely preyed upon it. The sauropod dinosaur Perijasaurus also hails from the La Quinta Formation, but is thought to have lived at a later time near the end of the Early Jurassic, around 175 million years ago. Laquintasaura is thought to have been primarily herbivorous, but the unusually tall structure of the teeth are reminiscent of carnivorous animals, indicating they may have also eaten things like small insects as part of their diet. Similar omnivorous behaviour has been suggested in the fellow primitive ornithischian Lesothosaurus, as well as more tentatively in taxa like Agilisaurus, Hypsilophodon, and Orodromeus before disappearing in more derived relatives like iguanodontians.

The exact nature of the taphonomy of the Laquintasaura bonebed remains incompletely studied. The remains are thought to have undergone some degree of low-energy transport, but the lack of any damage to the bones, or signs of things like plant root damage or insect boring holes, indicating the remains were not exposed for a long time prior to being buried. The bonebed is entirely devoid of microfossils, invertebrates, or plant remains, and is palynologically barren; the only other animal found at the site is the scant remains of Tachiraptor. All of this indicates the four or more individuals at the site likely died together and maybe have lived together in life, indicative of social behaviour. Herding is known in ornithischians of the Late Jurassic and Cretaceous, but its presence in Laquintasaura would be the first recognized in such an early member of the group (though more recent research has also indicated presence in the genus Lesothosaurus).

References

Ornithischian genera
Early Jurassic dinosaurs of South America
Fossils of Venezuela
Jurassic Venezuela
Fossil taxa described in 2014
Jurassic ornithischians
Ornithischians of South America
Hettangian genera


title: Naarda ardeola

text:
Naarda ardeola is a species of moth of the family Noctuidae. It was first described by Balázs Tóth and László Aladár Ronkay in 2014. It is found in the mountains of northern Thailand.

The wingspan is 20–21 mm. The base of the male forewing has a scent organ built up of long, hairy scales. The characteristic wing pattern features of the species are: the forewing costa is minutely concave in males. The pattern is similar in both sexes. The ground colour is light brown and the subterminal line is slightly paler with some blackish dots at the inner side. The postmedial line is slightly darker than the ground colour. The hindwings are slightly paler than the forewings, with slightly more conspicuous fasciae.

Etymology
The species name refers to the heron-shaped male genitalia.

References

Moths described in 2014
Herminiinae


title: Jack Thomas (swimmer)

text:
Jack Thomas (born 30 May 1995) is a British parasport swimmer. Thomas competes in the S14 classification for swimmers with intellectual disabilities, mainly freestyle and backstroke, preferring shorter distances. In 2014 he competed at the Commonwealth Games in Glasgow representing Wales and took the bronze medal in the 200m freestyle S14.

Personal history
Thomas was born in Swansea, Wales in 1995 to Mark and Wendy Thomas. When Jack was two years old he was diagnosed as having learning difficulties. He was educated at Morriston Comprehensive.

Career history
Thomas first began swimming at the age of four, when his parents took him to the local pool in an attempt to help him burn off excess energy. As he matured, he showed promise as a competitive swimmer and won several junior competitions but the decision made by the IPC, after a controversy at the 2000 Summer Paralympics, meant a competitive ban on all events for athletes with an intellectual disability. This saw him unable to compete at meets for disabled swimmers. His parents petitioned the Equality and Human Rights Commission, the director of which stated in 2008 that the Thomas' letter was a major factor in seeing the Youth Sports Trust lift the ban for children competing in Britain.

In 2013 Thomas was selected to compete at his first major tournament for Great Britain. He came fifth in the 100m backstroke S14 and sixth in the 200m individual medley SM14. The next year he was selected to represent Wales at the 2014 Commonwealth Games in Scotland. There he competed in the 200m freestyle S14, the first event for swimmers with a learning disability. In the finals Thomas took bronze with a time of 2:01.27, behind Australia's Daniel Fox and England's Thomas Hamer. A month later he was back in the Great Britain team, this time travelling to Eindhoven to take part in the 2014 IPC Swimming European Championships. In Eindhoven Thomas was entered into three events the 100m backstroke, 200m freestyle S14 and the 200m individual medley SM14. He won bronze in the 50m backstroke and silver in the medley and freestyle. A wrist injury ruled Thomas out of the 2015 World Championships in Glasgow.

In 2017, Thomas raised money in order to take part in the 2018 Commonwealth Games.

References

Living people
1995 births
Sportspeople from Swansea
Welsh male freestyle swimmers
British male backstroke swimmers
Swimmers at the 2014 Commonwealth Games
Commonwealth Games bronze medallists for Wales
Commonwealth Games medallists in swimming
Medalists at the World Para Swimming European Championships
S14-classified para swimmers
Medallists at the 2014 Commonwealth Games


title: Naarda pocstamasi

text:
Naarda pocstamasi is a species of moth of the family Noctuidae. It was first described by Balázs Tóth and László Aladár Ronkay in 2014. It is found in northern Vietnam.

The wingspan is about 22 mm. The characteristic wing pattern features of the species are: The ground colour is light brownish grey with a prominent terminal line, fragmented to blackish dots. There are indistinct subterminal, postmedial and antemedial lines. The colouration and pattern of the hindwings is like that of the forewings.

Etymology
The species is named for Hungarian botanist Tamás Pócs, who collected the species.

References

Moths described in 2014
Herminiinae


title: Tünde Handó

text:
Tünde Handó (born 1 May 1962) is a Hungarian jurist and judge, who served as the inaugural President of the OBH (National Judiciary Office) from 1 January 2012 to 30 November 2019. On 1 January 2020, she replaced István Stumpf as a member of the Constitutional Court of Hungary.

Early career
Handó graduated from the Faculty of Law of Eötvös Loránd University in 1986. She had been a member of the Bibó István College from 1983 to 1986.
She married József Szájer – vice-president of Fidesz and Member of the European Parliament – in 1983. Their child Fanni was born in 1987.

Handó was a court drafter in the Metropolitan Labor Court, before becoming a court secretary. She was appointed judge on 1 May 1991 and President of the Metropolitan Labor Court on 15 April 1999. She has also been a lecturer in the labor department of ELTE's Faculty of Law since January 1999. Honorary county court judge since 15 July 2003, she has been a member of the exam-committee of the Metropolitan Court and the Law Exam Commission since 1999. She has also been Vice-president of the National Association of Labor Judges since 2000 and member of the Hungarian Labor Law Society since 2008. She became Chairperson of the Association of European Labor Judges in 2008.

President of the National Judiciary Office (OBH)

Handó's appointment as President of the National Judiciary Office (OBH) faced criticism because of her connections to Fidesz politicians and because her husband, József Szájer is one of the key designers of the transformations in public law introduced by the second Viktor Orbán administration. MSZP members of the committee objected that the nomination process was a “shameful farce” in which the constitutional committee supported the nomination of the wife of József Szájer.

Relocation of the Budapest Transit Authority (BKV) case

The court began to operate in January 2012. Handó appointed Sándor Fazekas as President of the Metropolitan Tribunal on 5 January. An indictment against the Budapest Transit Authority (BKV) was lodged before the Metropolitan Tribunal on 11 January 2012 according to the court registry. On 17 January (a few days after his appointment) Fazekas immediately began to use the new act to propose to Handó the relocation of the case. Not much later, the Metropolitan Tribunal announced the initiation of the process of relocating the BKV case. According to the data published on the OBH website, Tünde Handó issued the presidential recommendation on 20 February 2012 to collect the criteria to be considered for the relocation processes. Regardless of this, Tünde Handó had already decided on the relocation of the BKV case on 16 February without any criterial system or chance to appeal.

Tünde Handó as President of OBH appointed the Kecskemét Tribunal to hear the case at the first instance level where the trial began before the summer holiday and according to the court's report it was to end in 18–24 months. The decision in the first instance was to be announced in the final campaign sprint of the next ordinary national elections and/or the municipal election.

This has not been the only case in which a trial at Kecskemét Tribunal ends in a period when the timing serves the best interest of Fidesz. In the case of János Zuschlag that tribunal delivered the decision of the first instance in March 2010, at the height of the national parliamentary elections campaign  After Zuschlag, Miklós Hagyó’s case was also landed at Kecskemét Tribunal. Answering a journalist's question about “what are you doing in order to avoid even the pretense of political prejudice in Miklós Hagyó-case?” the Kecskemét Tribunal replied as follows in a news conference: “We are not doing anything. Nothing in an administrative way. Neither the chairman of the tribunal nor any of its leaders may interfere in the decision of the appointed judge. (…) Administratively the only thing we can and must do is deliver a decision in a reasonable time. The judge is totally independent, separate and delivers the decision only on the basis of his or her conscience, conviction and the law.” The father of Szabolcs Sárközi – spokesman of the tribunal – is a Fidesz politician in Kecskemét.

According to the official rationale, the reason for the relocation was that the Metropolitan Tribunal was so overloaded that it could not have judged this case – in which a socialist politician was involved – in a timely way. The ratio of special cases at Metropolitan Tribunal is 60% whereas at Kecskemét Tribunal it is 56%

Many criticisms have been made about Handó and the OBH regulation granting her the right to appoint a judge. Miklós Hagyó and his accused associates turned to the Constitutional Court and the European Court of Human Rights against the decision of Tünde Handó arguing that constitutional fundamental rights were infringed in relocating the case.

English corrected till this point in the text but someone else has to do the job for the rest of this text. It also needs updating

Defense held that the right to ensure  justice  was infringed since the relocation happened  arbitrarily and without objectivity and transparency.  Defense added that  the obligation of impartiality was also infringed since the relocation was signed by the President of OBH, who is also wife of József Szájer and the appointed court had already delivered a serious decision in Zuschlag-case in similar political context. Furthermore, the right to legal remedy was also infringed since the law failed to provide effective legal remedy against the decision on appointing another judge – as the brief contains.
Although the Constitutional Court considered the possibility of the relocation of the cases as being against the Fundamental Law, the  2/3rd majority in the parliament helped the  government to include it in  the articles of the Fundamental Law.  Constitutional Court declared it unconstitutional. – Despite this decision, the case remained in Kecskemét.

The Hungarian Helsinki Committee and the Hungarian Civil Liberties Union are extremely concerned about the regulation which enables the President of OHB to appoint a judge and court against the law in order to hear the case and these organizations called the president not to grant such requests in the future.

Constitutional Court hearing

The Constitutional Court heard Tünde Handó on 23 April 2013, during the judging of the constitutional complaint lodged in BKV-case. President of OBH said in a news conference that she asked for a hearing at Const. Court in order to clarify the misunderstandings and errors.
Miklós Hagyó wanted to be there at the hearing. Defense requested the publicity of the hearing in vain.

She was heard behind closed doors, without public against which the Eötvös Károly Institute, the Hungarian Helsinki Committee and the Hungarian Civil Liberties Union were protesting.
They believe that the fact that the Const.Court heard the President of OBH in closed session infringed the right to fair trial, the right to know publicly the decision process of the public authority and the right to free access to information of public interest. The Const.Court ignoring the protestations encrypted the record of the hearing to 10 years.
On 2 December 2013 after 224 days passed the Constitutional Court established again that the relocation of cases is against the Fundamental Law and also breaches international conventions.
According to the standpoint of the Const.Court they worked on this case as they wanted to subject the consequences other pending proceedings too. OBH interpreted the decision just on the contrary meaning that the decision shall not affect pending cases.
Handó's OBH declared not to interfere with the judiciary's business: It is the acting judge who can decide the effect of the Const.Court's decision on the pending case. Besides, Handó defended the independence of the judiciary

Kecskemét Tribunal established its incompetence in its decision of 16 December 2013 and so it relocated the BKV-case to the Metropolitan Tribunal

Hagyó had won a lawsuit in Strasbourg when Handó was heard by the Const.Court. According to the decision of the European Court of Human Rights the Hungarian authorities infringed many laws by keeping him in such conditions.
Mária Szívós as Chairperson of the counsel of the Metropolitan Court confirmed the pre-trial detention of Hagyó three times, automatically, without critic on the basis of a police report which never existed.
Furthermore, Szívós ordered more severe coercive measures against Hagyó’s accused associates (e.g. Ottó L., Éva H. and Miklós R.).

“Handó’s mandate commenced on 1 January 2012 and lasts for nine years; she promised a more transparent and efficient judiciary operation for her term.”

References

Sources
- The Guardian: Meet Tünde Handó

- Handó Tünde - Hungarian Wikipedia

1962 births
Hungarian jurists
Living people
People from Salgótarján
Eötvös Loránd University alumni


title: Ontario Eastern Railroad

text:
The Ontario Eastern Railroad (reporting mark ONER) was a shortline freight railroad formed in 1981 to operate a portion of the former Rome, Watertown and Ogdensburg Railroad from Ogdensburg to DeKalb Junction. The primary freight customer was a paper mill located in Ogdensburg. When the mill shut down in 1985, the railroad ended operations. Formal abandonment followed in 1987 and the tracks were scrapped. The ONER was officially dissolved in 1992.

Subsidiaries Jersey Southern Railway (JSRW) and Allegheny Southern Railway (ASRW) were also placed under ONER management. Beginning in 1983, the JSRW operated a four-mile branch line in South Deerfield, New Jersey, to serve a frozen foods plant before the trackage was taken over by the Winchester and Western Railroad in 1987. In Pennsylvania, the ASRW operated a former Pennsylvania Railroad line near Hollidaysburg from 1982 to 1984 before it was acquired by Everett Railroad in 1985. They were all affiliates of the Ontario Lines group of shortlines.

Locomotive roster
Below is a list of locomotives that were operated by Ontario Eastern Railroad and its subsidiaries, all Alco.

 #16 was an Alco S-2 built in 1948, formerly Wyandotte Terminal (WTR) #106, originally of the Baltimore & Ohio (B&O). It was leased to Jersey Southern (JSRW) in New Jersey.
 #17 was an Alco S-4 built in 1953, formerly Wyandotte Terminal (WTR) #107, previously owned by the N&W. Today it is at Rochester & Genesee Valley Railroad Museum in Rush, New York. It has been re-painted into the paint scheme of its original owner: the New York, Chicago & St.Louis (Nickel Plate Road (NKP)). The N&W absorbed the NKP in 1965. The #16 and #17 were never owned by the Ontario Midland. They were owned by RSA Leasing of Syracuse, New York (a lineside community). From 1982 to 1985, Engine #17 was leased to Allegheny Southern (ASRW). It was returned to Sodus in 1985. While in Pennsylvania, it wore the number 17.
 #4085 was an Alco RS-3 built in 1952 and operated under the Ontario Eastern (ONER), formerly of the Delaware & Hudson (D&H).

Note: Some locomotives of the Ontario Lines may have been operated by other affiliates for a short period of time. What is generally listed are the primary operators during their ownerships.

Ontario Lines affiliated companies
 Ontario Midland Railroad (OMID)
 Ontario Central Railroad (ONCT)
 Ontario Eastern Railroad (ONER)
 Jersey Southern Railway (JSRW)
 Allegheny Southern Railway (ASRW)
 Rail Services Associates, Inc. (later Rail Management Services, Inc.)

References

Defunct New York (state) railroads
Railway companies established in 1981
Railway companies disestablished in 1987


title: Five Fathom Bank light station

text:
Five Fathom Bank light station was a station for lightvessels in New Jersey, United States. It was located off the south end of Five Fathom Bank, 14.7 miles and 100 degrees from the Cape May Lighthouse. The station was in service from 1837 to 1972 before ultimately being replaced by a horn buoy.

Service
Records for lightvessels are incomplete.

On or about April 30, 1891, LV-40 was removed from its post on Five Fathom Bank and replaced by a schooner Drift, which temporarily would show a fixed white light on each masthead. Additionally, a buoy was used as an additional marker for the position while LV-40 was repaired.

In 1893, the USS New York (ACR-2) was performing sea trials and used the Five Fathom Bank light station and the North East End light station as markers to which it became the fastest armored vessel in the world. In 1894, the USS Minneapolis (C-13) again used the Five Fathom Bank light as a marker for its trial which it became the fastest armored vessel in the world.

On February 2, 1913, the Steamship Prinz Oskar and the schooner City of Georgetown collided and blamed the lightship for the accident. The City of Georgetown was heading towns the Cape Hatteras lightship in the southeast while the Prinz Oskar was heading in a circle to the northeast "in a great circle toward the transatlantic steamship route" with the Five Banks Light shone between the two vessels. Unable to see each other until it was too late, the Prinz Oskar collided with the ship and resulted in a large stove in its port bow, but the City of Georgetown was doomed and sank within 8 minutes. Captain A. J. Slocum and his crew of seven managed to get into their lifeboat and was taken aboard the Prinz Oskar and returned to Philadelphia for repair, listing to the starboard.  The City of Georgetown was a  long schooner with a  beam that was launched in 1902 from Bath, Maine. The ship sank with its cargo of salt, of unlisted weight, but the ship's capacity was 1900 tons.

List of lightships by year

References

Transportation buildings and structures in Cape May County, New Jersey
Lightship stations
Water transportation in New Jersey
Ships of the United States Lighthouse Service
1837 establishments in New Jersey
1972 disestablishments in New Jersey


title: Naarda egrettoides

text:
Naarda egrettoides is a species of moth of the family Noctuidae. It was first described by Balázs Tóth and László Aladár Ronkay in 2014. It is found in the mountains of northern Thailand.

The wingspan is 19–22 mm. The characteristic wing pattern features of the species are: The sexes are similar. The ground colour is greyish brown, with parallel subterminal and postmedial lines. The inner part of these lines is dark grey and the outer part is mouse grey. The hindwings are slightly paler than the forewings. The postmedial line is more visible than the subterminal line.

Etymology
The species name refers to the shape of the male genitalia, which are similar to a flying egret and is derived from egrettoides (meaning egret-like).

References

Moths described in 2014
Herminiinae


title: Malo maxima

text:
Malo maxima is a small, and extremely dangerous Irukandji Jellyfish that is known to cause Irukandji Syndrome. It is one of the four species of Malo, along with Malo bella, Malo filipina, and Malo kingi. The Malo maxima was first described in 2005 by Lisa-ann Gershwin, who also described the Malo bella and Malo kingi jellyfish along with over 200 other species of jellyfish. Malo maxima differs from other species of jellyfish in many ways but the most confusing one is that they swim more like fish than jellyfish, however the reason for this is still unknown.

Phylogeny
The Malo maxima has a tall, narrow, robust body with a flattened apex and measures to about 5 cm. Even though it is very small, Malo maxima is the largest of the Malo genus. They are also translucent, making them very difficult for the human eye to see easily.

Research from the scientific paper “Early Life History and Metamorphosis in Malo maxima” showed that the metamorphosis of Malo maxima from a sessile (immobile) polyp into a free-swimming medusa took 111 days following fertilization.

Distribution
Irukandji Jellyfish can be found in oceans all around the world, however Malo maxima can only be found in the tropical western Australian waters, specifically the Broome region. It is believed that Malo maxima have specific habitat preferences considering they tend to live in similar regions. However, there is currently no solid evidence to back up this theory because scientist have still not identified their polys states. The Irukandji Jellyfish does not tend to be close to shore but every now and then they wander into a close proximity to shore. This tends to be the only time humans come into contact with Irukandji Jellyfish unless it is bloom season. The sign that Irukandji Jellyfish are in the area includes sea lice felt in the water and clusters of salps.

The sting and venom
The sting of all Irukandji Jellyfish is believed to cause Irukandji Syndrome and can be potentially fatal, however the sting of the Malo maxima is the most dangerous of the Malo species. Only two types of species have the venom to cause Irukandji syndrome, the Irukandji Jellyfish and the Box Jelly. The Box Jelly is extremely more venomous than the Irukandji Jellyfish. Stings from a Box Jelly are much more fatal than those of an Irukandji Jellyfish, however that does not make Irukandji stings any less dangerous and painful. Irukandji syndrome can cause sweating, anxiety, muscle spasm, severe hypertension and potentially late hypotension and cardiac failure. The sting site has minimal local reaction and does not take effect right away and becomes worse as time goes on. Scientists have just recently figured out how the venom of the Malo maxima affects the heart. The venom causes a concentration-dependent inotropic responses in the left atria of the heart, however it has no effect on the right atria. It appears that the venom does not activate the parasympathetic nervous system, but the sympathetic nervous system. The venom also stimulates the sensory nerve CGRP to release in only the left atria and the resistance arteries. The most effective therapy for Irukandji syndrome seems to be an intravenous infusion of magnesium.

Blooms
Australia experiences extreme jellyfish blooms, specifically Irukandji Jellyfish blooms. The Irukandji Jellyfish blooms include Malo maxima as well as the other types of Irukandji. Human activity such as catching fish and pollution are making them a more common occurrence. These blooms take a toll on the ecosystems around them. They also make it difficult for ships to get through and make the water extremely dangerous for divers.

References

 Straehler-Pohl, I., Carrette, T., Sleeman, J., Seymour, J., Underwood, A., Carrette, T., & Seymour, J. (2018). Early life history and metamorphosis in Malo maxima Gershwin, 2005 (Carukiidae, Cubozoa, Cnidaria). Plankton and Benthos Research, 13(4), 143–153.

External links

Cnidarians of Australia
Carukiidae

Animals described in 2005


title: Altieri family

text:
The House of Altieri was an ancient noble family of Rome, present in the history of the city since the Middle Ages, yet now extinct. In addition to the title of Prince granted by the Pontiffs, branches of the Altieri were also part of the aristocracy of Genoa and of Venice. The family consolidated its position in the ranks of the great senatorial and cardinal aristocracy thanks to dynastic marriages with families like the Colonna, Paluzzi, Chigi, Odescalchi, Doria-Pamphili, Ruspoli, Barberini,  Borghese and in more recent times the di Napoli Rampolla, relatives of the famous Cardinal Mariano Rampolla del Tindaro, Secretary of State of Pope Leo XIII, not to mention a multitude of princely families of Europe. Their fiefs consisted of the principality of Oriolo Romano and Vejano and the duchy of Monterano in the Alto Lazio. The Altieri were among the protagonists of the history of the city from the earlier Middle Ages until the second half of the twentieth century, reaching the apogee of their power with Emilio Bonaventura Altieri, elected pope in 1670 under the name of Clement X.

History

Origins

The Altieri family, according to a custom quite common in the past among the Roman nobility, claimed to descend from a Lucius Alterius, the legendary founder of the Roman Gens Alteria: to demonstrate that, the Altieri were in possession of an ancient funerary urn bearing his name. According to the Renaissance humanist Marco Antonio Altieri, a member of the family, as expressed in his work Li Nuptiali (the Libro d'Oro of 16th-century Roman nobility), the family's origins dated back to the gens Hostilia, which perpetuated a lineage already present in the annals of King Romulus and was numbered among the gentes originarie (the  original families of Rome) of Livy. According to him the ancient surname of the Altieri was  Lucii, descendants from the king of Rome Tullus Hostilius. From this stock, among others, would have descended also the Mancini family, to which belonged Maria Mancini, lover of Louis XIV and niece of Cardinal Jules Mazarin. But the origins of the family were much more likely Germanic. The name possibly came to southern Italy from northern France through the Normans. Etymologically, the name Altieri comes from the old German language, and is made of two words, the first being either alda ("old", "experienced") or audha ("riches", "power"), and the second haria ("to practise"): the meaning would be respectively "experienced person" or "person who works with richness", i.e. jeweler, goldsmith.

15th–16th century
The Altieri in the Middle Ages did not belong to the high nobility, but in the second half of the 15th century, they were already owners of huge estates and large flocks of sheep in the campagna romana. Moreover, they held several offices in Rome's administration, as those of Caporione (chief of a Rione), Maestro delle Strade (road Master), and Conservatore (city counselor). The above-mentioned Marco Antonio Altieri (1450-1532), was a humanist belonging to Pomponio Leto's circle, literary in his tastes, a farmer and also a good politician, because in 1511 he arranged the so-called "Pax Romana" among the Roman barons, ending centuries of fights among the nobility. In his work Li nuptiali, he is a laudator temporis acti, nostalgically comparing the conservative Roman country gentleman of the 15th century, drawing his income from houses in the city and farms and flocks in the Campagna, with the cosmopolitan nobleman of the 16th century, often immigrated from other cities and active in trade and banking.

During the 16th century, notable exponents of the family were Antonio Rutilio Altieri, another humanist and rector of the University of Rome, and Mario Altieri, a gifted canonist, author of the treatise De Censuris ecclesiasticis, printed after his death.

17th century and later

Between the seventeenth and nineteenth centuries the family produced seven cardinals and reached its zenith with Emilio Bonaventura Altieri, born in 1590 to Lorenzo Altieri and his wife Vittoria Delfin, who belonged to one of the oldest families of the Venetian Republic, which gave to the republic of the Lion a doge, several procurators of St. Mark, many diplomats and also a host of cardinals.

Emilio Altieri, having taken vows, became bishop of Camerino in 1627, apostolic nuncius in Naples from 1644 to 1652: appointed cardinal in 1669 by Pope Clement IX, he ascended the papal throne in 1670 with the name of Clement X: he reigned until his death in 1676. But the moment of maximum splendor of the family also coincided with its extinction. Emilio Altieri, now Clement X, last male member of the family, on the occasion of the marriage between Marquis Gaspare Paluzzi Albertoni, belonging to the Paluzzi Albertoni, often related with the Altieri, and his niece Laura Caterina, ensured that the surname of his family, including property and coat of arms, would pass to the Paluzzi Albertoni, whose surname thus became "Paluzzi Altieri degli Albertoni".

The pope, considering that in his family the male element was now extinct, used every possible means to secure the Albertoni connection through this advantageous union, while convincing the father of Gaspare, Antonio Albertoni, and his uncle Paluzzo to change their surname to Altieri: this led to the extinction of the Albertoni family, which for centuries had been politically allied and intermarried with the Altieri. Thanks to the intervention of Clement X, Gaspare became Prince of Oriolo and Viano (Vejano) and Duke of Monterano. Paluzzo, created cardinal, became the pope's cardinal-nephew, ruling de facto the catholic Church as Cardinal-padrone (), and making of his family one of the richest of the city.

The Altieri had other Cardinals: Giambattista the elder (1589-1654), brother of Emilio, who prepared the ascent to the papacy of his younger brother, and commissioned the family's palazzo in the rione Pigna, replacing the already existing Altieri houses; Lorenzo (1671 - 1741); Giambattista the younger (1673-1740); Vincenzo Maria (1724 - 1800) who became famous for his courageous resignation during the Jacobin Republic; then Lodovico (1805–67) who, after being nuncius at Vienna for several years, was part of the triumvirate of Cardinals which ruled Rome after the end of the Roman republic in 1849. Appointed Cardinal of Albano, he died of cholera in 1867, while assisting people hit by the epidemics.

The family became extinct in 1955, with the death of the last prince, Prince Ludovico Altieri (1878–1955). Nowadays, the descendants of a cadet branch of the family have survived. The founder of the family was Ferdinando Altieri (1887-1966), great invalid of war, veteran of the first world conflict and husband of Irene Riso (1888-1984), scion of the Riso di Colobria barons based in Palermo. The couple had three children, including Alberto Altieri (1929 - 2012) spiritual son of cardinal Sergio Pignedoli as well as an official of RAI. The aforesaid branch, even though it is distantly linked to the main dynasty, does not hold any noble property.

Chronology of the Princes of Oriolo and Viano

Official Chronology of the nine princes:
 Gaspare Altieri, 1650–1720, 1st Prince of Oriolo and Viano
 Emilio Altieri, 1670–1721, 2nd Prince
 Girolamo Antonio Altieri, 1673–1762, 3rd Principe
 Carlo Emilio Altieri, 1723–1801, 4th Prince
 Paluzzo Altieri, 1760–1834, 5th Prince
 Clemente Altieri, 1795–1873, 6th Principe
 Emilio Altieri, 1819–1900, 7th Principe
 Paolo Altieri, 1849–1901, 8th Prince
 Ludovico Altieri, 1878–1955, 9th (and last) Prince

Ludovico, the last Prince, had the following brothers and sisters
 Teodolinda Altieri, 1876–1947
 Clemente Altieri, 1877–1886
 Maria Augusta Altieri, 1880–1976 (the last member of the princely family to bear the surname)
 Guglielmo Altieri, 1884–1893
 Marcantonio Altieri, 1886–1886
 Camilla Altieri, 1889–1971
 Marcantonio Altieri, 1891–1919

See also
 Palazzo Altieri
 Paluzzo Paluzzi Altieri degli Albertoni
 Oriolo Romano
 Monterano
 Vejano

Notes

External links

Families of post-ancient Rome
Papal families
Pope Clement X


title: Stock Spirits

text:
Stock Spirits Group, which has its origins in a company founded in 1884 in Trieste, Italy, is among the largest alcohol beverage companies in Europe. As of November 2022 Stock Spirits Group was owned by the private equity business, CVC Capital Partners.

History

Stock history

In 1884 Lionello Stock and his partner Carlo Camis founded the steam wine distillery "Distilleria a vapore Camis & Stock". His company's main product was cognac "Medicinal", which competed with French alternatives in the Austro-Hungarian monarchy and German Empire territory. By the 1920s the Stock company was one of the largest companies of its kind in Europe. In 1920, after Austro-Hungarian monarchy collapsed, Stock bought a distillery factory at Plzeň Božkov (in the then Czechoslovakia). Stock eventually came to own a network of distilleries, bottling plants and ageing facilities in Italy, Austria, Poland, Hungary and Croatia. He also expanded business and established an outpost in New York City, United States.

Stock Spirits Group

In 2007 Oaktree Capital Management acquired Polmos Lublin in 2006 and merged it with Eckes & Stock, to create Stock Spirits Group in 2008.

In 2009 Stock Spirits Group established its own distribution businesses in Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina. In 2012, the Stock Spirits Group completed acquisition of Slovak company Imperator Ltd located in Drietoma, Slovakia. In the same year Stock acquired the Novel Ferm, an ethanol manufacturing business located near Rostock in North Eastern Germany.

The company was the subject of an initial public offering in October 2013.

On 12 August 2021, Stock Spirits' board of directors accepted a £767 million takeover bid by private equity firm CVC Capital Partners, whereby shareholders would receive 377p per share. The deal was completed in November 2021.

In September 2023, it was announced Stock Spirits had completed the acquisition of the Créteil-headquartered spirits distributor, Dugas Company; the scotch whisky producer, Clan Campbell and the Bielsko-Biała-headquartered vodka distiller, Polmos Bielsko-Biała.

Operations
The company has a portfolio of more than 70 brands, present in over 50 countries worldwide including the US and Canada. Company's brands include Żołądkowa Gorzka, Lubelska, Božkov, Stock 84, Limoncè, Keglevich, 1906, Stock Prestige, and Grappa Distillerie Franciacorta.

References

Food and drink companies of England
Food and drink companies established in 1884
1884 establishments in England
Companies listed on the London Stock Exchange


title: Ignacy Krzyżanowski

text:
Ignacy Krzyżanowski (December 24, 1826 in Opatów - February 10, 1905) was a Polish composer.

Krzyżanowski studied in Cracow with Franciszek Mirecki and later at Conservatoire de Paris with .

References

External links

Ignacy Krzyżanowski, Biography at Opatów Town Page
Ignacy Krzyżanowski, PWN Encyklopedia
Ignacy Krzyżanowski, Encyklopedia Interia
 Scores  by Ignacy Krzyżanowski in digital library Polona

1826 births
1905 deaths
Polish classical composers


title: National Pingtung University

text:
National Pingtung University (NPTU; ) is a public university in Pingtung City, Pingtung County, Taiwan.

NPU offers undergraduate, graduate, and doctoral programs across 5 colleges: Agriculture, Life Sciences, Veterinary Medicine, Social Sciences, and Humanities and Management. Some of the popular programs include Agriculture, Food Science, Environmental Biology and Fisheries, and Tropical Medicine.

History
The university was established by the merging of National Pingtung University of Education and the National Pingtung Institute of Commerce on 1 August 2014.

Campus
 Minsheng Campus
 Pingshih Campus
 Pingshang Campus
 Checheng Campus

Academics
NPTU has five colleges: Computer Science, Education, Liberal Arts and Sciences, Management, and Science.

Transportation
The Minsheng Campus and Pingshang Campus are accessible within walking distance from Guilai Station of Taiwan Railways and the Linsen Campus is accessible within walking distance from Zhutian Station of Taiwan Railways.

See also
 List of universities in Taiwan

References

External links

2014 establishments in Taiwan
Universities and colleges in Pingtung County
Universities and colleges established in the 2010s
Educational institutions established in 2014
Universities and colleges in Taiwan
Technical universities and colleges in Taiwan


title: Lupinus lepidus

text:
Lupinus lepidus, the Pacific lupine, prairie lupine or dwarf lupine is a perennial herbaceous plant in the pea family (Fabaceae) endemic to western North America. Many varieties have been described, several of which are considered separate species by some authorities.

Habitat and range
In western North America,  Lupinus lepidus may be found in open areas from low prairie, open montane forest, to the alpine. Although rare in British Columbia, its range extends south from Alaska to southern California and eastward to the Rocky Mountains. In California, it is mainly a species of meadows and areas that are moist during the spring growing season in the Sierra Nevada mountain range, from .

Description

Lupinus lepidus is a small hairy perennial that reaches . Palmately compound leaves extend up the stem, but most are basal.  The inflorescence is a dense spike-like raceme, with pink, purple, or blue flowers that often have a yellowish spot. The plant blooms from mid-April through August, depending on elevation and habitat.  The fruit is a pod containing multiple seeds.

References

External links

lepidus
Flora of the Sierra Nevada (United States)
Plants described in 1828
Flora of Alaska
Flora of British Columbia
Flora of the Western United States
Flora without expected TNC conservation status


title: Abdirahman Yabarow

text:
Abdirahman Yabarow (, ) is a Somali journalist. He hails from the Abgaal Hawiye clan. In the early 2000s, Yabarow worked in the UNDP's Documentation Unit. He later served as a Washington, D.C. correspondent for the BBC's Somali service. In 2009, Yabarow was appointed the Editor-in-Chief of the VOA's Somali service.

References

Living people
Ethnic Somali people
Somalian journalists
Somalian emigrants to the United States
Date of birth missing (living people)
Year of birth missing (living people)
Place of birth missing (living people)


title: John Read (British Army officer)

text:
Lieutenant-General Sir John Hugh Sherlock Read  (6 September 1917 – 5 March 1987) was a senior British Army officer.

Biography
Born on 6 September 1917, John Read was educated at Bedford School, at Magdalene College, Cambridge, and at the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich. He gained his first commission in the British Army in 1937 when he became a Second Lieutenant in the Royal Engineers. During the Second World War he served in France, Belgium, Egypt, Palestine, Greece and Austria. Between 1945 and 1957 he served in Austria, Germany, Hong Kong and Singapore. He was Assistant Commandant of the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst, between 1966 and 1968, and Director of Military Operations at the Ministry of Defence, between 1968 and 1970. He was Assistant Chief of the Defence Staff at the Ministry of Defence, between 1970 and 1971, and Director of International Military Staff at NATO Headquarters in Brussels, between 1971 and 1975.

Lieutenant General Sir John Read retired from the British Army in 1975 and died in a car accident on 5 March 1987.

References

1917 births
1987 deaths
British Army lieutenant generals
People educated at Bedford School
Alumni of Magdalene College, Cambridge
Graduates of the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich
British Army personnel of World War II
Knights Commander of the Order of the Bath
Officers of the Order of the British Empire
Place of birth missing
Royal Engineers officers
British people in colonial India


title: Scotopteryx kurmanjiana

text:
Scotopteryx kurmanjiana is a species of moth of the family Geometridae first described by Hossein Rajaei and Gyula M. László in 2014. It is found on both sides of Kopet-Dagh Mountains in north-eastern Iran and southern Turkmenistan.

The wingspan is 28–33 mm. The ground colour of the forewings is pale greyish brown. The basal area
and medial band slightly darker, edged with dark brown. The medial line is shadow like and poorly visible, and the median area is uniformly pale greyish brown. There is a small, blackish discal spot. The hindwings are cream brown with a small discal spot. Adults have been recorded on wing in late autumn.

Etymology
The species is named for Kurmanj people in north-eastern Iran.

References

Moths described in 2014
Scotopteryx


title: Oriental Film

text:
Oriental Film was a film production company in Batavia, Dutch East Indies (now Jakarta, Indonesia). Established by ethnic Chinese businessman Tjo Seng Han in 1940, it completed four black-and-white films before it was closed in 1941. All the company's films were screened into the 1950s but may now be lost. They were directed by two men, Njoo Cheong Seng and Sutan Usman Karim, and launched the careers of actors such as Dhalia and Soerip.

Established during the revival of the Indies film industry, Oriental released its first film, Kris Mataram, in July 1940. It starred Njoo's wife Fifi Young, and relied on her fame as a stage actress to draw audiences. This was followed by a further three films, which were targeted at low-income audiences and extensively used kroncong music. Their final production was Panggilan Darah in 1941, which was completed after Njoo and Young had migrated to Majestic Film. Oriental was unable to recoup its expenses of renting a Dutch-owned studio, and the company was shut down.

Establishment
Following the commercial successes of Terang Boelan (Full Moon; 1937), Fatima (1938), and Alang-Alang (Grass; 1939), the Dutch East Indies film industry – which had been severely weakened by the Great Depression – was revived. Film production increased and, in 1940, four new production houses were opened, including Oriental Film. Funded entirely by the ethnic Chinese businessman Tjo Seng Han, the company's first headquarters were at 42 Matraman Street, in eastern Batavia (now Jakarta); according to the weekly Sin Po, this studio had simple facilities. Another ethnic Chinese businessman, Tjan Hock Siong, was brought on to manage the day-to-day activities of the studio.

Tjo and Tjan hired Njoo Cheong Seng, a dramatist who had previously worked with the Orion Opera before establishing his own troupe, and his wife Fifi Young. The two had gained wide recognition through their stage work, and it was hoped that name recognition would bring in audiences. The hiring of Njoo and Young was part of a trend of bringing theatrically trained actors and crew into the film industry. Terang Boelan had used stage starlet Roekiah and her husband Kartolo to great effect, and the actors had brought similar financial success to Tan's Film after they were hired.

Productions

Oriental's first production, Kris Mataram (Kris of Mataram), was directed by Njoo and starred Young and Omar Rodriga. It followed a young noblewoman (played by Young) who marries a nobleman despite her parents' disapproval. For this film, Njoo drew Joshua Wong from Tan's as cinematographer, then used the Wong name as part of his advertising: "[Kris Mataram has] the J. Wong guarantee". Released in July 1940, the film was targeted at low-income audiences – particularly theatre-goers who would recognise Young. A review in the Soerabaijasch Handelsblad praised it, calling Kris Mataram "captivating to the last metre".

Before its studio's second production, Oriental began renting the studios of Algemeen Nederlandsch Indisch Filmsyndicaat (ANIF) in Molenvliet, Batavia, for 1,500 gulden a month. This rent also included access to the studio's equipment and cameraman J.J.W. Steffans, as well as facilities such as air conditioning and telephones in each office, and lighting equipment for night-time shots. A large adjacent plot of land was also included. By renting the ANIF complex, Oriental became the largest and most modern studio in the Indies.

Njoo soon showed a proclivity for sensation, which was manifested in the December 1940 release Zoebaida. For the film, a love story set in Timor starring Young as the title character, Oriental used bright, extravagant costumes; Njoo gave the characters whimsical names which would not be found in the setting. Rather than shoot on location – which would have been prohibitively expensive – Oriental constructed sets behind the ANIF Studio.  Reviewers of the film noted with disdain that Zoebaida was exaggerated and clearly reflected its stage influences.

Oriental released its third production, Pantjawarna (Five Colours), in March 1941. Again starring Young, the film – in which a young woman must raise two daughters despite her husband's imprisonment – featured two new hires, Dhalia and Soerip. Both women, teenagers at the time, had established stage careers and were known for their singing voices, which were put to use in several of Pantjawarna twelve kroncong songs. This film was well received by critics, and Young's acting was praised in both the Bataviaasch Nieuwsblad and Soerabaijasch Handelsblad; the latter characterised Pantjawarna as "a success for O.F.C. [Oriental Film Company] and proof of the progress made in the cinema of the Indies".

After Pantjawarna, Fred Young drew Njoo and his wife to the newly established Majestic Film. Deprived of their director and main star, Oriental hired the journalist Sutan Usman Karim to direct their fourth production, Panggilan Darah (Call of Blood). This film, written by Karim and starring Dhalia and Soerip, told of two young orphans as they tried to eke a living in Batavia. This film, which debuted in June 1941, prominently featured the cigarette factory Nitisemito, leading the Indonesian film historian Misbach Yusa Biran to suggest that it may have paid for the advertisement. He records it as a modest success, although he notes that reviews were mixed.

Closure and legacy

Following Panggilan Darah, Oriental – which had been losing money steadily – released its contract for the ANIF studio, which was taken over by the Dutch-run Multi Film. Despite hopes that they would continue producing narrative films, perhaps with less modern equipment, the company was dissolved. Oriental's actors and crew members migrated to different studios. Suska was signed to Java Industrial Film and directed a single film for them, Ratna Moetoe Manikam. Dhalia went to Populair's Film and acted in one production, Moestika dari Djemar (The Jewel of Djemar; 1942), before the Japanese occupation in March 1942 closed that studio. Soerip, meanwhile, joined Njoo and Young at Majestic Film, acting in two productions before that studio was closed.

Although Oriental was short-lived, several of the actors and crew it hired went on to lengthy careers. Njoo, after handling two films for Majestic in 1941, spent much of the decade in theatre before returning to directing in the mid-1950s. Fifi Young, who continued acting for Njoo until their divorce in 1945, appeared in more than eighty films before her death in 1975. Dhalia and Soerip likewise had lengthy careers: both acted until the 1990s, Dhalia in 52 productions and Soerip in 25.

Filmography
In a period of two years, Oriental released four films; all were feature length, made in black-and-white, and received wide releases in the Dutch East Indies. Some, such as Panggilan Darah, enjoyed international release; the film was screened in Singapore (then part of the Straits Settlements) by September 1941. The company's productions were targeted at low-income audiences and extensively used kroncong music, for the recording of which the company established the Oriental Novelty Five. Though its films were screened at least into the 1950s, Oriental's output may be lost.

1940: Kris Mataram
1940: Zoebaida
1941: Pantjawarna
1941: Panggilan Darah

Explanatory notes

References

Works cited

1940 establishments in the Dutch East Indies
1940s disestablishments in the Dutch East Indies
1941 disestablishments
Mass media companies established in 1940
Mass media companies disestablished in 1941
Defunct companies of the Dutch East Indies
Film production companies of the Dutch East Indies
Mass media in Batavia


title: P. R. Dubhashi

text:
Padmakar Ramachandra Dubhashi (7 March 1930 – 31 August 2020) was an Indian civil servant, administrator, author, social scientist and academician, known for his administrative and academic abilities. He was a pioneer of Cooperative movement and was instrumental in housing the Goa University in a new campus, a feat he accomplished during his tenure as the Vice-Chancellor of the university. The Government of India honoured him, in 2010, with Padma Bhushan, the third highest civilian award, for his services to the nation.

Biography

P. R. Dubhashi was born on 7 March 1930 in Karwar district of the South Indian state of Karnataka. He received a MA and a Ph.D.   from Pune University and a DLitt from Bombay University. In 1953, he joined the Indian Administrative Service.

He started his career in Davangere, as a divisional officer. During a career as a public servant starting in 1953, he held many posts of importance such as Divisional Commissioner, Additional Secretary in the Ministry of Agriculture, the Director of the Indian Institute of Public Administration (IIPA) and the Government Secretary in the Prime Minister's Office, from where he retired in 1981. In between, he was selected for British Council scholarship to the London School of Economics where he obtained a post graduate diploma in Economic and Social Administration, in 1963.

The Government of India continued to make use of his service, even after his retirement and he served in such capacities as member of the Expert Committee on Rural Finance for NABARD and as the Chairman of the Management Institutes Committee for the Pune University. He was also active organising conferences and delivering key lectures such as Dr. Zakir Hussain Memorial Lecture and John Mathai Memorial Lecture. In 1990, he was appointed as the Vice-Chancellor of Goa University. By the time he retired from the post in 1995, he was successful in moving the university to a new campus. He has also worked with international agencies like IFAD and Asian Development Bank as consultant. He was the Chairman of Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, at its Pune centre.

Dubhashi was married to Sindhu and the couple had a daughter, Medha and a son, Devadatt, both pursuing academic careers.

Awards and recognitions
 Padma Bhushan – 2013
 Lokhitwadi Gopal Hari Deshmukh Award – Maharashtra Sahitya Parishad – 2006
 Ganesh Saraswati Thakurdesai Award – Maharashtra Sahitya Parishad – 1999
 Shiromani Award – 1993
 Gokhale Institute of Politics and Economics, Pune has  named an annual lecture after him.

Writings
Dubhashi authored 27 books of which 21 are in English and 6 in Marathi. He wrote on topics such as economic planning, public administration, rural development, cooperative movement and other social issues. .

Books
 Essays in Public Administration, 1985

 Administrative Reforms, 1986
 Essays in Development Administration, 1986
 Economic Thought Of The Twentieth Century And Other Essays, 1995
 Recent Trends in Public Administration, 1995
 Essays on rural development, 1996

 Pursuing Idealism Through Civil Service: Memories of an Administrator and a Trainer, 2007

External links
 List of Books on Amazon
 List of articles on Mainstream Weekly
 Padma Bhushan award ceremony video coverage on YouTube
 On Google Scholar
 Articles on Economic and Political Weekly

References

1930 births
2020 deaths
Recipients of the Padma Bhushan in civil service
Indian Administrative Service officers
People from Karwar
People from Uttara Kannada
Konkani people


title: Digimon All-Star Rumble

text:
Digimon All-Star Rumble is a fighting video game developed by Prope and published by Bandai Namco Games for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 video game consoles. The game is part of the Digimon franchise and features characters from across its several iterations. It was released in November 2014 in North America, Europe and Australia.

Setting
The game is set in the Digital World at a time of peace. The Digimon propose to hold a "Digimon Evolution Tournament" in order to gain experience and Digivolve, as well as determine the strongest one. However, there is an ulterior motive behind the tournament and players will discover what this is as they play through the game's Story Mode.

Gameplay and characters
Digimon All-Star Rumble features 12 base playable Digimon (6 of them from Digimon Adventure, 2 from Digimon Adventure 02, 2 from Digimon Tamers and 2 from Digimon Fusion), and a total of 32 forms. Six of the base forms and their Digivolutions were revealed in the game's announcement.

Each Digimon can Digivolve into a higher form during battle when their meter is filled. When Story Mode is completed with a character, their "Super Form" will be unlocked; to play as this form, when selecting the character, the player is given the option to switch the character's alternate form from their regular Digivolved form to the unlocked Super Form. A certain powerup in the game turns the other Digimon in the battle into Numemon temporarily.

On the following chart, players can see every playable Digimon, Digivolved Forms and Super Forms available in the game. Some of these evolutions are not common in the Digimon universe, but some adjustments have been made to balance the game and include as many forms as possible.

Stage Digimon (enemies)
ShellNumemon
Apemon
Goblimon
Mushroomon
Tortomon
SkullMammothmon
Cyclonemon
Boltmon
Ebemon
Locomon (cannot be attacked, instead Locomon will run over and damage any Digimon standing on the train tracks when it drives by)

Reception

All-Star Rumble had a total score of 49 and received "generally unfavorable reviews" according to Metacritic.

Push Square gave the game 5 out of 10; summarising that "at its core, Digimon All-Star Rumble is an accessible brawler that may be a hit with younger gamers, but numerous issues put a dampener on the fun. Story mode will frustrate, and while the fleshed out versus mode is easily the title's best asset, the total lack of online multiplayer will be the nail in the coffin for fighting enthusiasts. With tempered expectations, fans could get something out of this, but for everyone else, there are better brawlers for better prices already on the market".

PlayStation Lifestyle gave the game 4.5 out of 10, praising the games "exclusive western release and the amount of character content but felt the game was unfinished and repetitive."

Mike Fahey of Kotaku stated that despite his desire for a Digimon game, it was "not enough that I can give this half-assed effort a pass."

References

External links

2014 video games
All-Star_Rumble
PlayStation 3 games
Fighting games
Video games developed in Japan
Xbox 360 games
Multiplayer and single-player video games
Bandai Namco games


title: Hugh McJarrow

text:
Hugh McJarrow (29 January 1928 – 25 July 1987) was a Scottish professional footballer whose career lasted between 1946 and the early 1960s. He played League football for Chesterfield, Sheffield Wednesday, Luton Town and Plymouth Argyle. He also played Non-League football for Peterborough United and Matlock Town. McJarrow was primarily a forward player who had fine heading ability, although he did play as a wing half later in his career.

Career
McJarrow was born in Newarthill, near Motherwell in Scotland on 29 January 1928, as a youth he played for Maryhill F.C. junior team, however further development as a footballer was curtailed by the outbreak of World War II and towards the end of the conflict he worked as a Bevin Boy in the local coal mines. In the summer of 1946 McJarrow signed as a professional footballer with Chesterfield, making a goalscoring debut in September of that year against Tottenham Hotspur, playing at inside forward. The young McJarrow was not a regular in the Chesterfield team over the next three season, making 33 appearances and scoring 11 goals, however a switch to centre forward at the start of the 1949–50 season saw him score five goals in the first three games of the campaign which drew the attention of bigger clubs.

McJarrow eventually signed for Sheffield Wednesday for a fee of £4,500, in early March 1950, with an agreement being reached at the England v Netherlands B international at St James' Park, Newcastle on 22 February after Wednesday had failed in a bold bid to sign George Robledo. McJarrow made his Wednesday debut on 4 March 1950 in a goalless away draw at QPR, he played 12 games in all in the remainder of that season, scoring five goals and helping Wednesday gain promotion back to Division One, narrowly pipping local rivals Sheffield United. Amongst those five goals were two in a 5–2 win against Leeds United on 25 March.

The following season (1950–51) back in Division One saw Wednesday struggle and were eventually relegated, McJarrow ended the season with 14 goals from 31 matches and was joint top scorer with Dennis Woodhead and Redfern Froggatt. All of his goals were scored in the first half of the season and he eventually lost his place in early March as Wednesday tried various attacking options in an effort to avoid relegation and Winger Woodhead was ultimately used as an emergency centre forward for the final nine games of the season. McJarrow played three of the first ten game of the 1951–52 season before losing his place permanently as a young Derek Dooley burst onto the scene to score 47 goals that season. McJarrow was confined to the reserve team before signing for Luton Town for a fee of £5,300.

McJarrow had a disappointing time at Luton playing only 15 league games in 22 months, however he did score 10 goals in those games. In December 1953 he signed for Plymouth Argyle and once more was unable to command a regular place in the first team making only 33 appearances and scoring four goals in two and a half years at Home Park, during his time at Plymouth he switched to playing at wing half and turned in some good performances. McJarrow's career came to an end in non league football, he had a short spell at Peterborough United playing two games in the Midland League in May 1957. He then signed for Matlock Town for the 1957–58 season, the team finished fifth in the Central Alliance league but McJarrow was offered reduced terms at the end of the season and moved on to finish his career playing amateur football in Derbyshire for Clay Cross and Danesmoor Miners Welfare and then Chesterfield Tube Works.

McJarrow died in Brigstock, Northamptonshire on 25 July 1987, at the age of 59. He was survived by his wife Barbara McJarrow (died 2022) and his two sons.

References

External links

1928 births
1987 deaths
Chesterfield F.C. players
Sheffield Wednesday F.C. players
Luton Town F.C. players
Plymouth Argyle F.C. players
Peterborough United F.C. players
Matlock Town F.C. players
Scottish men's footballers
People from Newarthill
English Football League players
Men's association football forwards
Maryhill F.C. players
Scottish Junior Football Association players
Footballers from North Lanarkshire


title: Scotopteryx kuznetzovi

text:
Scotopteryx kuznetzovi is a species of moth of the family Geometridae. It was first described by C. A. Wardikian in 1957. It is found in Iran and Turkey.

References

Moths described in 1957
Scotopteryx


title: Samuel Moroto

text:
Samuel Chumel Moroto (born 1960) is a Kenyan politician. He represents Kapenguria Constituency in the Kenyan National Assembly of the Kenyan parliament. He belongs to the Kenya African National Union (KANU) party. He is a career teacher and trade unionist. He was first elected to parliament in 2002. He hails from the Pokot community which mainly inhabits West Pokot County.

Early life and education

He is a teacher by profession. Between 1983 and 1988, he served as an untrained teacher. He was promoted to the level of deputy headteacher in 1989 and to that of headteacher in 1995. Moroto is currently an pursuing a Bachelor of Arts at Daystar University.

KNUT trade-unionism

In 1996, Moroto was elected to the position of Kenya National Union of Teachers (KNUT) chairman, West Pokot branch. He was elected again in 1999 for the position of branch executive secretary.

Political career

He was first elected as an MP in the 2001 Kapenguria by-election occasioned by the death of the then MP, Francis Polisi Lotodo. He was re-elected in the 2002 Kenyan general elections. In 2006, Moroto was appointed by president Mwai Kibaki to the position of assistant minister, Ministry of Public Health and Sanitation.

Moroto lost the 2007 elections to Reverend Murgor mainly due to an ODM wave that swept the Rift valley region. He however bounced back in the 4 March 2013, general elections by defeating his closest opponent by a margin of more than 500 votes.

Chepchoina settlement scheme

Moroto has consistently championed for the settlement of Pokot squatters in the controversial Chepchoina settlement scheme. The scheme has however been plagued by wrangles over who the genuine squatters are. It has seen confrontations between squatters from Pokot, Sabaot, Bukusu and Turkana communities.

References

1960 births
Living people
Kenya African National Union politicians
Kenyan trade union leaders
Members of the 9th Parliament of Kenya
Members of the 11th Parliament of Kenya
Members of the 12th Parliament of Kenya
Members of the 13th Parliament of Kenya


title: Nate Linhart

text:
Nathaniel Andrew Linhart (born November 14, 1986) is an American professional basketball player who is currently a free agent. He played college basketball for the University of Akron before playing professionally in Austria, Germany, Italy, Israel, Spain and Belgium.

College career
After playing high school basketball at Lincoln , in Gahanna, Ohio, Linhart played 4 seasons of college basketball at the University of Akron, with the Akron Zips.

Professional career
Linhart went undrafted in the 2009 NBA draft. For the 2009–10 season he signed with BSC Raiffeisen Panthers Fürstenfeld of Austria.

For the 2010–11 season he signed with Erie BayHawks of the NBA D-League. From 2011 to 2013 he played with TBB Trier of the German Basketball Bundesliga. In July 2013, he signed with Reyer Venezia Mestre of the Italian Lega Basket Serie A.

In August 2014, Linhart signed a three-year deal with the Israeli powerhouse Maccabi Tel Aviv. He also competed in the EuroLeague with Maccabi, averaging 5.8 points per contest. On July 4, 2015, he left Maccabi and signed a one-year deal with CAI Zaragoza of Spain.

On July 4, 2016, Linhart signed with Medi Bayreuth for the 2016–17 season.

On July 31, 2018, Linhart was announced by Spirou Basket of the Belgian Pro Basketball League (PBL). In early February 2019, he moved back to Germany, signing with the Telekom Baskets Bonn.

On August 29, 2019, Linhart signed with Hapoel Be'er Sheva of the Israeli Premier League. On October 6, 2019, he parted ways with Be'er Sheva after appearing in one pre-season tournament game.

On October 20, 2019, Linhart returned to Medi Bayreuth for a second stint, signing for the 2019–20 season.

Career statistics

Euroleague

|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2014–15
| style="text-align:left;"| Maccabi
| 20 || 2 || 15.7 || .524 || .432 || .533 || 2.8 || 1.1 || .9 || .3 || 5.8 || 6.5
|- class="sortbottom"
| style="text-align:left;"| Career
| style="text-align:left;"|
| 20 || 2 || 15.7 || .524 || .432 || .533 || 2.8 || 1.1 || .9 || .3 || 5.8 || 6.5

References

External links
 Nate Linhart at eurobasket.com
 Nate Linhart at euroleague.net
 Nate Linhart at fiba.com
 Nate Linhart at realgm.com

1986 births
Living people
Akron Zips men's basketball players
American expatriate basketball people in Austria
American expatriate basketball people in Belgium
American expatriate basketball people in Germany
American expatriate basketball people in Israel
American expatriate basketball people in Italy
American expatriate basketball people in Spain
American men's basketball players
Basket Zaragoza players
Basketball players from Ohio
BSC Fürstenfeld Panthers players
Erie BayHawks (2008–2017) players
Liga ACB players
Maccabi Tel Aviv B.C. players
Medi Bayreuth players
Sportspeople from Franklin County, Ohio
Reyer Venezia players
Spirou Charleroi players
Telekom Baskets Bonn players
Small forwards


title: Seine-et-Marne's 6th constituency

text:
The 6th constituency of Seine-et-Marne is a French legislative constituency in the Seine-et-Marne département.

Description

The 6th constituency of Seine-et-Marne lies in the north of the department around the town of Meaux.

In the 1980s and 1990s the seat swung between left and right; however, since 2002 the seat has remained comfortably in the hands of Jean-François Copé of the UMP. Copé served as a minister under Nicolas Sarkozy and as president of the UMP between 2012 and 2014.

Historic Representation

Election results

2022

|-
| colspan="8" bgcolor="#E9E9E9"|
|-

2017

|-
| colspan="8" bgcolor="#E9E9E9"|
|-

2012

|-
| colspan="8" bgcolor="#E9E9E9"|
|-

2007

|-
| colspan="8" bgcolor="#E9E9E9"|
|-

2002

|-
| colspan="8" bgcolor="#E9E9E9"|
|-

1997

Sources

Official results of French elections from 2002: "Résultats électoraux officiels en France" (in French).

6


title: 2014–15 ISU Speed Skating World Cup – World Cup 2

text:
The second competition weekend of the 2014–15 ISU Speed Skating World Cup was held in the Taereung International Ice Rink in Seoul, South Korea, from Friday, 21 November, until Sunday, 23 November 2014.

Continuing his success debut of the previous weekend, Pavel Kulizhnikov of Russia won both 500 m races, and the 1000 m race. Claudia Pechstein of Germany bettered her own record as the oldest winner of a World Cup race, to 42 years and 272 days, as she won the women's 5000 m.

Schedule
The detailed schedule of events:

All times are KST (UTC+9).

Medal summary

Men's events

 In mass start, race points are accumulated during the race. The skater with most race points is the winner.

Women's events

 In mass start, race points are accumulated during the race. The skater with most race points is the winner.

References

2
Isu World Cup, 2014-15, 2
Sport in Seoul


title: Alain Renoir

text:
Alain Renoir (October 31, 1921 – December 12, 2008) was a French-American writer and literature professor, son of filmmaker Jean Renoir and actress Catherine Hessling, and grandson of impressionist painter Pierre-Auguste Renoir.

Renoir was born in Cagnes-sur-Mer, the only son of Jean Renoir. As a teenager Renoir worked in a few of his father's films, including House Party (1936), as assistant cameraman on The Human Beast (1938) and The Rules of the Game (1939). In 1942 he joined his father in the United States, enlisted in the American Army and served in combat in the Pacific.

After the war, he studied English literature and comparative literature, earning his PhD from Harvard University in 1956. Renoir became a professor at the University of California, Berkeley, where he founded the Department of Comparative Literature in 1966. He was considered a leading scholar of medieval English literature and published books on Beowulf and John Lydgate.

After retiring, he spent his last years running a small sustainable farm in north central California, doing much of the work himself.

He had three children, John, Peter and Anne.

References

External links
 IMDb database bio

1921 births
2008 deaths
People from Cagnes-sur-Mer
University of California, Berkeley faculty
Harvard University alumni
French emigrants to the United States
Alain


title: Fryderyk Chopin Institute

text:
The  Fryderyk Chopin Institute () is a Polish organization dedicated to researching and promoting the life and works of Polish composer Frédéric Chopin. It was created in 2001 as the result of legislation in the Polish Parliament and is under direct control of the Ministry of Culture and National Heritage. Its headquarters are located in Warsaw.

Activities
The activities of the institute include publications, organization of concerts, conserving the physical and artistic Chopin heritage, monitoring the commercial use of Chopin's name and operating a Chopin Information Centre (the institute's website). Amongst its publication projects is a complete facsimile edition of Chopin's works, compiled from all available holograph manuscripts, edited by Zofia Chechlińska.

The institute operates the Fryderyk Chopin Museum and the five-yearly International Chopin Piano Competition. It also runs the "Young Talents" programme to encourage young Polish pianists.

The institute has also been organizing the festival Chopin and his Europe since 2005. It presents European music in the context of its links with the life and work of Chopin. One of the objectives of the festival programme is historical performance, presenting works as they were originally heard, on period instruments. The festival is organised in collaboration with the Warsaw Philharmonic, the Grand Theatre and the Polskie Radio Program II.

Chopin competition

The International Chopin Piano Competition () is a piano competition held in Warsaw, Poland, since 1927. Since 2010, it has been hosted by the Chopin Institute, having previously been organized by the Ministry of Culture (until 1960) and then the Chopin Society (from 1960 to 2005).

In 2018, the institute organized the inaugural I International Chopin Competition on Period Instruments.

Chopin museum

The Fryderyk Chopin Museum () in Warsaw was established in 1954. Since 2005, it has been operated by the Fryderyk Chopin Institute.

References

External links
 Historical Pianos in the custody of the Fryderyk Chopin Institute
Virtual tour of the Fryderyk Chopin Institute provided by Google Arts & Culture

Frédéric Chopin
2001 establishments in Poland
Arts organisations based in Poland
Organisations based in Warsaw
International Chopin Piano Competition
Arts organizations established in 2001


title: Khatib Mwashetani

text:
Khatib Abdalla Mwashetani is a Kenyan politician. He represents Lungalunga constituency in the Kenyan National Assembly, the lower house of the Parliament. He was first elected in the March 4th 2013 Kenyan General Elections. He was elected on a Forum for Restoration of Democracy-Kenya (FORD-Kenya) ticket. His constituency is located in the South Coast and borders Tanzania to the south.

References

Living people
Members of the National Assembly (Kenya)
Year of birth missing (living people)


title: Statue of William Shakespeare, Leicester Square

text:
A statue of William Shakespeare, by the sculptor Giovanni Fontana after an original by Peter Scheemakers, has formed the centrepiece of Leicester Square Gardens in London since 1874.

Description and history
The marble figure, copied from Scheemakers's 18th-century monument to Shakespeare in Poets' Corner, Westminster Abbey, stands on a pedestal flanked by dolphins at the centre of a fountain. It is the result of improvements to the gardens made by the financier Albert Grant, who bought the Square in 1874 and had it refurbished to a design by James Knowles.

The scroll held by Shakespeare is inscribed with a quotation from Twelfth Night (Act IV, Scene II), , where the original in Poets' Corner has a misquoted passage from The Tempest. The Leicester Square statue also differs from its model in omitting portrait reliefs of Henry V, Richard III and Elizabeth I from the plinth on which Shakespeare rests. The inscription on the pedestal in Leicester Square reads:

The statue is listed at Grade II. In 2012 it underwent restoration, and the cleaning was completed – by Tom Brown of London Stone Carving Limited – and new water features added in 2014.

References

Bibliography

External links

 Shakespeare statue returned to Leicester Square by Jaymi McCann (17 October 2012), London Evening Standard
 Bard restored to Leicester Square by Matthew Amer, Official London Theatre (2013)

19th-century sculptures
Shakespeare, William
Leicester Square
Marble sculptures in the United Kingdom
Memorials to William Shakespeare
Monuments and memorials in London
Outdoor sculptures in London
Shakespeare, William
Shakespeare
Sculptures of dolphins
Animal sculptures in London


title: John Wessels

text:
Sir Johannes (John) Wilhelmus Wessels (1862–1936) was an Afrikaner judge of the Appellate Division from 1923 to 1936 and Chief Justice of South Africa from 1932 to 1936.

Early life and education
He was the second of three sons of Cape solicitor Jacobus Christoffel Wessels, Esq. (Joostenberg, Stellenbosch, 26 September 1814 - Green Point, Cape Town, 22 October 1889) and Anna Marthina Neethling (Cape Town, 30 October 1822 - Green Point, Capetown, 28 April 1897) and attended the South African College. After matriculating he attended the University of Cape Town and obtained a BA Honours in 1882. With a scholarship to read law, he attended Downing College, Cambridge and graduated in 1885 with a Law Tripos. He won a scholarship in international and constitutional law at the Middle Temple and took the Bar in 1886.

Career
He returned to South Africa and joined the Bar in the Cape Colony and the Transvaal Bar in 1887. He made his name as the lawyer for the Witwatersrand gold mine owners challenge of the patents for John Stewart MacArthur's MacArthur-Forrest cyanidation process. He won the case in 1896, with the patents declared invalid.

He defended the Lionel Phillips, Frank Rhodes, Sir George Farrar and John Hays Hammond at their treason trial in Pretoria in 1896 after the Jameson Raid failed. He also supported the Uitlanders cause but did not support the idea of war between Britain and the Transvaal Republic. During the Second Boer War he returned to Johannesburg in 1900 as legal advisor to Lord Roberts and later Lord Kitchener.

After the end of the Second Boer War, the government of the newly created British Colony of Transvaal established a Supreme Court of Transvaal in April 1902. The governor, Lord Milner, appointed Wessels as one of three puisne judges, with Sir James Rose Innes as Chief Justice. He was knighted in 1909. On the establishment of the Union of South Africa in 1910, he became a judge of the Transvaal Provincial Division. In 1920 he became the Judge President of the Transvaal Provincial Division and then elevated to the Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of South Africa in 1923. In 1932 he became its Chief Justice and the following year a member of the Privy Council.

Marriage
Wessels married twice. Helen Duff in 1891 and after she died in 1925, married her sister Agnes in 1928.

References

South African judges
1862 births
1936 deaths
Chief justices of South Africa
South African knights
Knights Bachelor
Afrikaner people
Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom
Members of the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council
Cape Colony people


title: Jóia (album)

text:
Jóia () is a 1975 studio album by Caetano Veloso. The album was released simultaneously with Qualquer Coisa. The original cover art, picturing Veloso, his wife and his son naked, was censored by the ruling Brazilian military dictatorship and substituted by one with only doves on it.

Track listing

 "Minha mulher" (Caetano Veloso) – 4:46
 "Guá" (Perinho Albuquerque, Caetano Veloso) – 3:13
 "Pelos olhos" (Caetano Veloso) – 2:35
 "Asa, Asa" (Caetano Veloso) – 1:36
 "Lua, lua, lua, lua" (Caetano Veloso) – 3:59
 "Canto do povo de um lugar" (Caetano Veloso) – 4:11
 "Pipoca moderna" (Sebastião Biano, Caetano Veloso) – 3:11
 "Jóia" (Caetano Veloso) – 1:27
 "Help" (Lennon, McCartney) – 2:30
 "Gravidade" (Caetano Veloso) – 2:55
 "Tudo tudo tudo" (Caetano Veloso) – 2:00
 "Na asa do vento" (Luiz Vieira, João do Vale) – 4:08
 "Escapulário" (Oswald de Andrade, Caetano Veloso) – 2:17

References

1975 albums
Caetano Veloso albums
Música Popular Brasileira albums
PolyGram albums
Portuguese words affected by the 1990 spelling reform
Albums produced by Caetano Veloso


title: Helen W. Anderson

text:
Helen Wormley Anderson (1877 – 1962) was an African-American suffragist.

Early life
On February 17 1877, Anderson was born to Adelaide Shadd Wormley, and William H. A. Wormley; a housewife and hotelier, respectively.

Helen grew up in Tenleytown, Washington, D.C., along Pierce Mill Road (modern-day Van Ness Avenue) in a Victorian country house.

In 1890, when Helen was thirteen years old, her mother died. Her father remarried in 1892, but the change in the family dynamics did not alter Helen's educational trajectory. Like her Wormley and Shadd relations, whose ranks included physicians, school teachers, and principals (her nephew Stanton Wormley later became president of Howard University), she benefited from an excellent education in the District's "colored" schools. She attended the famed "Colored High School" in Washington, D.C., at a time when the writer and feminist Anna J. Cooper was on the teaching staff.

After graduation, she accepted a teaching post at the Howard School in Wilmington, Delaware. She later advanced her schooling through summer courses at Harvard and New York University.

Career
Her involvement in the woman suffrage movement occurred in conjunction with colleagues and political activists. Not long after beginning her career at the Howard School, Helen W. Anderson joined Edwina Kruse and Alice Baldwin in donating to the Sarah Ann White Home for Aged Colored Persons. In 1913, when Blanche Stubbs, her husband, Alice Dunbar, and other Wilmington African-American leaders with the support of a white advisory board, undertook a fund-raising effort designed to provide a permanent home for the Garrett Settlement House, Helen Anderson served on the fund-raising committee. The Settlement House was soon dedicated and incorporated.

From 1957-1958, Anderson was the Second Counselor of the Relief Society.

Death
Upon her death in 1962, she bequeathed her entire estate to her sisters Jessie A. Wormley and Miriam Wormley Lewis. Her remains were buried in the Trustees Section of the National Harmony Memorial Park in Maryland, the final resting place of many family members, including her mother's cousin Mary Ann Shadd Cary.

See also

 Edwina Kruse
 Blanche Stubbs

Notes

1877 births
1962 deaths
African-American suffragists
Suffragists from Delaware


title: Anne C. Pingree

text:
Anne C. Pingree (June 11, 1941) is an American religious leader, teacher, and speaker. She served as second counselor to Bonnie D. Parkin in the Relief Society General Presidency of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) from 2002 to 2007.

Pingree was born in Salt Lake City, Utah on June 11, 1941 to Ezra T. and Maude Erickson Clark. She obtained a bachelor’s degree in English from the University of Utah and has been a literacy volunteer for Spanish-speaking elementary school children for many years and an English tutor for Laotian immigrants through Literacy Volunteers of America.

Pingree has served in many LDS Church callings, including ward Primary president, stake Relief Society president, and Relief Society general board member. She served with her husband, George C. Pingree, while he was president of the Nigeria Port Harcourt Mission from 1995 to 1998. In 2002, she was called as second counselor in the Relief Society General Presidency. Pingree's three addresses in the church's general Relief Society Meeting or general conference included Knowing the Lord’s Will for You.

Pingree and her husband are the parents of five children.

References

External links
 Anne C. Pingree Official Profile

Living people
1941 births
Latter Day Saints from Utah
University of Utah alumni
Counselors in the General Presidency of the Relief Society
Female Mormon missionaries


title: En Vivo (Kany García album)

text:
En Vivo is the first live album and fourth overall album of Latin Grammy winner, singer-songwriter Kany García. The album was released on February 25, 2015. This live album was recorded at the Coliseo de Puerto Rico.

Album information
En Vivo, produced and directed by Marcos Sanchez, was recorded at García's concert in Puerto Rico that took place in February 2013. The album is composed of eighteen hits and includes an unreleased track called "Duele Menos". García had the collaboration of friends like Santiago Cruz, and Merengue artist Joseph Fonseca. The big surprise of the evening was the performance of "Estigma De Amor" who Kany sang with her mother Shela De Jesus.

Track listing

Personnel
Antonio Alonso - Bass
Sonlys Andino - Chorus
Santiago Cruz - Featured Artist
José Daniel DeJesús - Cello
José E. Diaz - Mix
Arnaldo Figueroa - Violin
Joseph Fonseca - Featured Artist
Kany García - Composer, Primary Artist, Ukulele
Abimanuel Hernández - Chorus
Javier Matos - Viola
Silvette Mirand - Chorus
Yajaira O'Neill - Violin
Julio Reyes - Composer
Keren Rodríguez - Chorus
Marcos Sanchez - Composer, Fender Rhodes, Hammond B3, Mezcla, Piano
Flor Ruben Torres - Backline Technician

Charts

References

External links

Kany García live albums
2014 live albums
Sony Music Latin live albums
Spanish-language live albums


title: Joe Sam Robinson

text:
Joe Sam Robinson Jr. (born 1945) is an American neurosurgeon. He is a professor and chief of neurosurgery at Mercer University and a clinical professor at Georgia Regents University.

Early life and education
The son of Joe Sam Robinson and Nell Mixon Robinson, he was born on July 21, 1945, in Atlanta, Georgia. Robinson grew up in Macon, Georgia, and attended Harvard University, graduating cum laude in 1967. While at Harvard he ran and lettered in varsity track and football and was a Rhodes Scholar nominee. Robinson then attended the University of Virginia medical school where he played first side on their rugby team and graduated as a member of the medical honors society AOA. He then spent 2 years at Emory University's general surgery program. Then Robinson journeyed to Northwestern University where he completed a residency in neurological surgery with rotations at The Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center in New York City and The National Institute of Health. He also received a master's in science from Northwestern University.

Career
Robinson then completed a year as a neurosurgical attending at Cook County Hospital. Then he spent two years at Yale University as a Robert Wood Johnson Clinical Scholar. In 1981 he returned to his hometown establishing The Georgia Neurosurgical Institute.

Robinson is currently a professor and chief of neurosurgery at Mercer University and Georgia Regents University. He also played a significant role in establishing The Georgia Trauma Commission and is a charter board member of that commission. He also has served as the chairman of The Georgia Physician Workforce Board of which is he still a member.

Furthermore, he has published several articles in such noted periodicals as the Journal of Chronic Diseases, Journal of Neurosurgery, and Neuroscience. He has also authored a book entitled “Toward Healthcare Resources Stewardship” and is currently working on a second book on trauma. He also has several patents pending for patient-monitoring techniques. He has a weekly TV show on channel WRWR called Observations in which he opines on issues of medical and secular importance. He is married to Elizabeth Moate Robinson and has two sons Joe Sam III M.D. and Edward Richard Mixon who is a medical student at Mercer University.

References

Robinson, Joe Sam, Jr. A Collection of Studies, Articles, and Correspondences. Macon, Ga: Georgia Neurosurgical Institute, 2012. Print.
Curriculum vitae

1945 births
Living people
Harvard University alumni
American neurosurgeons
Mercer University faculty
Georgia Regents University faculty
University of Virginia School of Medicine alumni