title: OnePlus

text:
OnePlus Technology (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. (), doing business as OnePlus, is a Chinese consumer electronics manufacturer headquartered in Shenzhen, Guangdong, China. It is a subsidiary of Oppo.

OnePlus was founded by Pete Lau and Carl Pei on 16 December 2013 to develop a high-end flagship smartphone running Cyanogen OS that would come to be known as the OnePlus One. OnePlus would continue to release phones throughout the 2010s and 2020s. In 2020, OnePlus released the OnePlus Nord, its first mid-range smartphone since the OnePlus X in 2015. Pei would oversee the design and marketing of OnePlus' products until his departure from the company in October 2020, going on to found the consumer electronics manufacturer Nothing.  In 2022–2023, OnePlus is still actively producing affordably priced phones ($200–749 USD) with top-of-the-line specs comparable to leading Samsung phones, including 5G connectivity.  OnePlus is also partnered with T-Mobile to provide OnePlus Phone through T-Mobile to extend its legitimacy and reach.

History

2013–2014: Founding and OnePlus One
OnePlus Technology (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. was founded on 16 December 2013 by former Oppo vice-president Pete Lau and Carl Pei. According to Chinese public records, OnePlus' only institutional Investor is Oppo Electronics. Lau denied that OnePlus was a Subsidiary of Oppo and stated that Oppo Electronics and not Oppo Mobile (the phone manufacturer) is a major investor of OnePlus. Lau went on to state that they were "in talks with other investors", although OnePlus has confirmed it uses Oppo's manufacturing line and shares part of the supply chain resources with Oppo.

Lau founded OnePlus with the intent to design a smartphone that would balance high-end quality with a lower price than other phones in its class, believing that users would "never settle" (a slogan that would come to be used by OnePlus in its marketing material) for the lower-quality devices produced by other companies. Lau also showed aspirations of being the "Muji of the tech industry", emphasizing its focus on high-quality products with simplistic, user-friendly designs. Continuing Lau's association with the platform from the Oppo N1, OnePlus entered into an exclusive licensing agreement with Cyanogen, Inc. to base its products' Android distribution upon a variant of the popular custom ROM CyanogenMod and use its trademarks outside of China. OnePlus would later develop a version of Android, known as Oxygen OS, for use in its phones.

The OnePlus One was introduced on 23 April 2014 as OnePlus' first smartphone. It differed from its competitors—largely flagship devices from larger phone manufacturers, in its usage of CyanogenOS, its openness to developers, and price-to-performance ratio in comparison to its hardware, although criticism was levied for technical issues. In order to reduce marketing costs, OnePlus relied instead on word of mouth and initially only allowed purchases via an invite system. Throughout early 2014, OnePlus would continue to expand, hiring Chinese celebrity author Han Han to help market its products in mainland China and expanding its operations to the European Union in March of that year. In December 2014, alongside the release of the OnePlus One in India exclusively through Amazon, OnePlus also announced plans to establish a presence in the country, with plans to open 25 official walk-in service centers across India.

2015–2019: Continued success, expansions in Southeast Asia
In 2015, OnePlus began an effort to expand in Southeast Asia, making its products available in the region for the first time, partnering with Lazada Indonesia in January 2015. In June 2016, OnePlus decided to pull out of the Indonesian market due to local regulations for imported 4G smartphones restricting sales of the OnePlus 2.

Also in 2015, OnePlus unveiled the OnePlus X, the company's first foray into the budget device market.

In May 2018, OnePlus would release the OnePlus Bullets Wireless Headphones. In September of that year, OnePlus announced that it would be producing a line of smart TVs with OnePlus TV exclusively sold in India. The initial model of the OnePlus TV line, the OnePlus TV Q1, was released in September 2019.

2020–present: Further product launches, Carl Pei's resignation
OnePlus would release a series of new products in 2020, including the OnePlus Buds and the OnePlus Nord in July, the latter being OnePlus' first budget device since the release of the OnePlus X in 2015.

On 16 October 2020, Carl Pei resigned as the marketing director of OnePlus.

In 2021, Oppo and OnePlus would begin to build a partnership, combining their hardware research teams in January of that year. In July 2021, OnePlus merged OxygenOS, its Android-based operating system used since the OnePlus X and Oppo's ColorOS. The software of both companies continue to remain separate and serve their individual regions with OxygenOS for OnePlus phones globally and ColorOS on OnePlus and Oppo devices in China but share a common codebase, which OnePlus says should standardize its software experience and streamline the development process for future OxygenOS updates.

Products

Smartphones
OnePlus releases two lines of smartphones: its flagship "OnePlus" line, and its budget-oriented Nord line. Both lines are equipped with an Android-based operating system known as OxygenOS or ColorOS.

OnePlus has also released phones outside of these lines, namely the OnePlus Ace and the OnePlus 10R.

As of 2023, 17 models in the OnePlus line have been produced and 5 models in the Nord line have been released. Models currently in production include:
 OnePlus Open
 OnePlus 11
 OnePlus 10T
 OnePlus 10 Pro
 OnePlus Ace
 OnePlus 9 Pro
 OnePlus 9
 OnePlus 8T
 OnePlus Nord N200 5G
 OnePlus 7

Wearables
OnePlus has released various wearables, including the OnePlus Bullets Wireless, OnePlus Buds, OnePlus Band, and the OnePlus Watch.

TVs

Through its OnePlus TV line of TVs exclusively sold in India, OnePlus maintains a line of TVs.

Advertising and marketing

Invitation system
Early phones were only available through a system whereby customers had to sign up for an invitation, which OnePlus called an invite, to purchase the phone at irregular intervals. The system was claimed to be necessary for the young company to manage huge demand.
OnePlus ended the invitation system with the launch of OnePlus 3 on 14 June 2016. Announced via an interactive VR launch event, the OnePlus 3 initially went on sale within the VR app itself. OnePlus touted the event as the world's first VR shopping experience. The phone was made available for sale later that day in China, North America and the European Union on the OnePlus website, and in India on Amazon India.

"Smash the Past"
On 23 April 2014, OnePlus began its "Smash the Past" campaign. The promotion asked selected participants to destroy their phones on video to purchase the OnePlus One for $1 (US). Due to confusion, several videos were published by unselected users misinterpreting the promotion and destroying their phones before the promotion start date. OnePlus later revised the rules of its promotion by allowing consumers to donate their old phones. There were 140,000 entrants in the contest with 100 winners.

OnePlus Playback
OnePlus Playback is a series of music videos in collaboration with popular Indian singers, beginning in 2018.

Brand ambassador
In May 2019, OnePlus made a deal with Avengers actor Robert Downey Jr. to endorse OnePlus 7 Pro. Previously, Indian actor Amitabh Bachchan endorsed OnePlus in India.

Partnership with Hasselblad

On 8 March 2021, OnePlus announced a $150 million deal with Hasselblad to develop camera technology for OnePlus, which also included the new OnePlus 9 series phones that had improved color processing and computational photography developed in partnership with Hasselblad.

Criticism and controversies

"Ladies First" controversy
For the launch of the OnePlus One in 2014, OnePlus hosted a contest to give invites—which were hard to come by at the time—to their female forum members. Users were asked to post a photo of themselves with the OnePlus logo; images would be shared in the forum and could be "liked" by other forum members. This received major backlash for objectifying and degrading women, resulting in the contest being pulled within hours.

Micromax antitrust lawsuit
On 16 December 2014, the Supreme Court of India and the Delhi High Court banned the import and sale of OnePlus One phones following a lawsuit by Micromax Informatics alleging it has exclusivity for shipping phones with CyanogenOS software in India.
On 21 December 2014, the ban was lifted, and the device continued to be shipped with CyanogenOS. The following year a customized version of Android, specially designed by OnePlus and named OxygenOS was released, allowing later OnePlus devices to be sold in India.

OnePlus USB-C cable incident
Throughout 2015, OnePlus received criticism for its manufacturing of its USB-C cables. After several weeks of customer complaints on OnePlus forums and on Reddit, Google engineer Benson Leung showed that the USB-C cable and USB-C to Micro-USB adapter offered by OnePlus at that time did not conform to the USB specification. OnePlus co-founder Carl Pei later admitted that the cable and adapter did not conform to the USB specification, and offered refunds (although not for cables bundled with the OnePlus 2 phone).

Customer support
OnePlus' customer support has been the subject of criticism. In 2017, the company increased the number of customer service staff and set up customer service and repair centers in Asia, Europe, and the United States, greatly improving turnaround times for repairs and other issues.

App performance throttling
In July 2021, the company was accused of and then admitted to throttling app performance. The throttling was uncovered by an investigation done by AnandTech, discovering that the OnePlus 9 significantly diminished the performance of Chrome in an effort to "improve battery life".

See also
 OnePlus TV
 List of mobile phone brands by country

References

External links

Mobile phone manufacturers
Electronics companies of China
Privately held companies of China
Mobile phone companies of China
Chinese brands
Chinese companies established in 2013
BBK Electronics
Electronics companies established in 2013


title: Driver (software)

text:
A driver in software provides a programming interface to control and manage specific lower-level interfaces that are often linked to a specific type of hardware, or other low-level service. In the case of hardware, the specific subclass of drivers controlling physical or virtual hardware devices are known as device drivers.

Example
A client library for connecting to a database is often known as a driver, for example, the MySQL native driver for PHP.

References

Computing terminology
Application programming interfaces
Computer libraries


title: Fabián Bustos

text:
Fabián Daniel Bustos Barbero (born 28 March 1969) is an Argentine football manager and former player who played as a forward. He is the current head coach of Campeonato Brasileiro Série A club América Mineiro.

Bustos played for local sides during the major part of his career, amassing 32 appearances in the Primera División with Lanús and Belgrano. He also played in Uruguay with Nacional, in Bolivia with Jorge Wilstermann, and in Ecuador with Deportivo Quito, Macará, Manta and Deportivo Saquisilí, but retired back in his home country with Estudiantes de Buenos Aires.

After retiring, Bustos worked as an assistant manager before becoming a manager in 2009, with Manta. He continued to manage in Ecuador, winning two Ecuadorian Serie A titles with Delfín and Barcelona SC before being named in charge of Brazilian club Santos in 2022.

Playing career
Born in Córdoba, Bustos began his senior career with local side  in 1986. He moved to  in 1989, before returning to his previous club in 1990, and moved to Primera B Nacional side Almirante Brown in the following year, after a short stint at Uruguayan side Nacional.

In 1992, Bustos signed for Lanús in the Primera División, but featured sparingly before moving to fellow league team Belgrano in 1994. He went on to play for second division sides in the following five seasons, representing Deportivo Morón, Juventud Antoniana, Atlético Tucumán and Cipolletti, before moving abroad in 2000 with Bolivian side Jorge Wilsterman.

Bustos moved to Ecuador in 2000, and signed for Deportivo Quito. He then played for Manta, Macará and Deportivo Saquisilí in the country, before returning to Argentina in 2004 with El Porvenir.

In 2005, Bustos joined Estudiantes de Buenos Aires, and retired with the club in the following year, aged 36.

Managerial career

Early career
After being an assistant manager at Sarmiento, El Porvenir and Acassuso, Bustos was named manager of former side Manta on 15 July 2009. He opted to leave the club on a mutual agreement on 8 December 2010, and was named manager of another club he represented as a player, Deportivo Quito, thirteen days later.

Bustos was sacked by Quito on 1 May 2011, and was presented as manager of fellow Serie A team Imbabura on 30 June. He resigned on 25 August, and took over Técnico Universitario for the ensuing season on 16 December.

Dismissed by Técnico Universitario on 14 April 2012, Bustos was later named manager of Macará on 9 July. He resigned from the latter on 28 April 2013, and subsequently returned to Manta on 1 July.

After leaving Manta at the end of his contract in December 2013, Bustos was later named manager of Serie B side LDU Portoviejo. He left the club the following 21 August.

Delfín
Bustos was named in charge of fellow second division side Delfín on 3 January 2015. He led Delfín back to the top tier after 15 years, but was dismissed by the club on 30 April 2016.

Bustos returned to the club in December 2016, now as a sporting director, but was named manager again in April 2018, after the departure of Guillermo Sanguinetti. He was also in charge of Delfín in their first-ever Serie A title in 2019, but left the club on 15 December of that year.

Barcelona SC
Immediately after leaving Delfín, Bustos took over Barcelona SC. In his first season, he won a second consecutive Serie A title, and led the club to the semifinals of the 2021 Copa Libertadores.

On 25 February 2022, Barcelona announced Bustos' departure through a press conference, with his last match in charge of the club occurring the following day.

Santos
On 25 February 2022, Santos announced the signing of Bustos as manager, with his contract to be signed in the following days. On 7 July, after just one win in 13 matches, he was sacked.

Return to Barcelona SC
On 5 September 2022, Bustos returned to his former club Barcelona in the place of departing Jorge Célico. He resigned on 4 June of the following year, after a 3–1 loss to rivals Emelec.

América Mineiro
On 9 August 2023, Bustos returned to Brazil and its top tier, after being named head coach of América Mineiro.

Personal life
Bustos' older brother Carlos is also a manager and former footballer. A defender, he began his career at Talleres and had the most of his managerial career in Peru and Mexico.

Managerial statistics

Honours
Delfín
Ecuadorian Serie B: 2015
Ecuadorian Serie A: 2019

Barcelona SC
Ecuadorian Serie A: 2020

References

External links

 FEF player card

1969 births
Living people
Footballers from Buenos Aires
Argentine men's footballers
Men's association football forwards
Club Nacional de Football players
Club Almirante Brown footballers
Club Atlético Lanús footballers
Club Atlético Belgrano footballers
Deportivo Morón footballers
Juventud Antoniana footballers
Atlético Tucumán footballers
Club Cipolletti footballers
C.D. Jorge Wilstermann players
S.D. Quito footballers
Manta F.C. footballers
C.S.D. Macará footballers
Club El Porvenir footballers
Estudiantes de Buenos Aires footballers
Uruguayan Primera División players
Argentine Primera División players
Primera Nacional players
Bolivian Primera División players
Ecuadorian Serie A players
Ecuadorian Serie B players
Argentine football managers
Manta F.C. managers
S.D. Quito managers
Imbabura S.C. managers
C.D. Técnico Universitario managers
C.S.D. Macará managers
LDU Portoviejo managers
Delfín S.C. managers
Barcelona S.C. managers
Santos FC managers
América Futebol Clube (MG) managers
Argentine expatriate men's footballers
Argentine expatriate sportspeople in Bolivia
Argentine expatriate sportspeople in Ecuador
Expatriate men's footballers in Bolivia
Expatriate men's footballers in Ecuador
Argentine expatriate football managers
Expatriate football managers in Ecuador
Expatriate football managers in Brazil
Expatriate men's footballers in Brazil


title: Suad Zeljković

text:
Suad Zeljković (born 13 September 1960) is a Bosnian politician who served as Prime Minister of Sarajevo Canton, one of Bosnia and Herzegovina's ten cantons, until his forced resignation as a result of the countrywide anti-government riots in February 2014.

Biography
Zeljković was the director of the public utility company Toplanama until November 2012 and began working at Energoinvest in 1985.

He speaks Bosnian, English and German.

2014 riots and resignation
Zeljković was forced to resign as Prime Minister of Sarajevo Canton on the night of 8 February 2014, following days of the 2014 protests and riots throughout Bosnia and Herzegovina. He had served since 21 November 2012 and, like most Bosnian politicians, was accused of corruption by protesters. Zeljković was quoted as saying: "I have not gone out of fear, I do not want to be a doormat for your feet." He also said that the anti-government revolt in his country had "elements of a coup d'état." The New York Times stated that Zeljković angered citizens even more during the riots when he said that the people of Sarajevo were not justified in their dissatisfaction; "In Sarajevo, no one has reasons for unrest and actions like this," he told reporters on 6 February. "There is not a single unpaid salary, nor does any sector of society have reasons for dissatisfaction."

References

1960 births
Living people
Politicians from Sarajevo
Bosniaks of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina Muslims
Bosniak politicians
Party of Democratic Action politicians


title: William S. Schwefel

text:
William S. Schwefel was a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly.

Biography
Schwefel was born on October 5, 1902, in LeRoy, Wisconsin. He attended high school in Brownsville, Wisconsin before attending the University of Wisconsin-Madison. Schwefel died on August 16, 1985.

Career
Schwefel was first elected to the Assembly in 1964. He was a Republican.

References

People from LeRoy, Wisconsin
Republican Party members of the Wisconsin State Assembly
University of Wisconsin–Madison alumni
1902 births
1985 deaths
20th-century American politicians


title: Mirch, Iran

text:
Mirch (, also Romanized as Mīrch) is a village in Holunchekan Rural District in the Central District of Qasr-e Qand County, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 613, in 142 families.

References

Populated places in Qasr-e Qand County


title: Nonahydroxytriphenic acid

text:
Nonahydroxytriphenic acid is a moiety found in some ellagitannins such as roburin A, B,C and D, castalagin or grandinin.

References

Ellagitannins
Tricarboxylic acids


title: Dep, Iran

text:
Dep (, also Romanized as Dap) is a village in Sarbuk Rural District, Sarbuk District, Qasr-e Qand County, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 377, in 69 families.

References

Populated places in Qasr-e Qand County


title: List of pubs in Australia

text:
This is a list of notable pubs in Australia. A pub (in Australia) is an establishment performing many functions. These include serving alcoholic beverages, meals, functioning as a venue for various kinds of entertainment, and, sometimes, providing basic accommodation.

History

The Australian pub is a direct descendant of the British and Irish pub. The production and consumption of alcoholic drinks has long played a key role in Western social life and commerce, and this is reflected in the importance of pubs after the British colonisation of Australia began in 1788. However, in the 19th century the local version evolved a number of distinctive features that set it apart from the classic British or urban Irish pub.

The lack of public buildings in rural towns in colonial Australia saw pubs serve as community meeting places for a range of local activities. Among other things, they served as a community hall, a venue for political meetings and a place where inquests were held.

Early pubs followed the English pattern and were located in the front room of a domestic dwelling. The room in this "public house" were furnished with a bar, tables and benches, and there was often sawdust on the floor. They functioned under long established rules and regulations that governed every aspect of their operations. These required the publican to be of good character and pay an annual license fee. Regulations also specified hours of opening, who might and might not be served, the quality of drinks sold and mandated the provision of street lighting outside the entrance. Police and magistrates enforced these rules strictly, with fines and a possible loss of license for repeat offenders.

Early pubs were distinct from hotels, inns and large city centre pubs, which tended to be larger and more elaborate purpose-built establishments with a basement and one or more upper floors. As well as a tap-room, or public bar, they often provided a range of other facilities, such as accommodation, a dining room, stables, parlour and a billiard room.

Some tough inner-city pubs had a reputation for violence and disorder. In Australian slang, they might be referred to as a bloodhouse.

Pubs in Australia

Australian Capital Territory
Harmonie German Club
Old Canberra Inn
The Durham Castle Arms

New South Wales
Current

 Metropolitan

 Argyle Stores, Sydney (The Rocks)
 Australian Hotel, Sydney (The Rocks) (previously defunct)
 Bald Rock Hotel, Rozelle
 Box Hill Inn, Balmain
 Bristol Arms Hotel, Sydney (CBD)
 British Seamen's Hotel, Sydney (The Rocks)
 Brooklyn Hotel, Sydney (The Rocks)
 Campbell's Stores, Sydney (The Rocks)
 Captain Cook Hotel, Sydney (Millers Point)
 Carlisle Castle Hotel, Newtown
 Crown Hotel, Sydney, Sydney (CBD)
 Dick's Hotel, Balmain
 Dry Dock Hotel, Balmain
 Dundee Arms Hotel, Sydney
 Ettamogah Pub, Kellyville
 Exchange Hotel, Balmain
 Fortune of War Hotel, Sydney (The Rocks) (previously defunct)
 Glenmore Hotel, Sydney (The Rocks)
 Harbour Rocks Hotel, Sydney (The Rocks)
 Harbour View Hotel, Sydney (Millers Point)
 Harts Buildings, Sydney (The Rocks)
 Hero of Waterloo Hotel, Sydney (Millers Point)
 Lord Nelson Hotel, Sydney (Millers Point)
 Old Sir Joseph Banks Hotel, Botany
 Riverview Hotel, Balmain
 Royal Oak Hotel, Balmain
 Sandringham Hotel, Newtown
 Slip Inn, Sydney (CBD)
 Sussex Hotel, Sydney (CBD)
 White Horse Hotel, Surry Hills
 Sir William Wallace Hotel, Birchgrove
 UNSW Venues, UNSW, Kensington

 Regional

 Bushranger Hotel, Collector
 Commercial Hotel, Albury
 Eatons Group, Muswellbrook (previously defunct)
 Ettamogah Pub, Albury
 Fanny's Tavern, Newcastle
 Heritage Hotel, Bulli
 Hydro Majestic Hotel, Medlow Bath
 Milestone Hotel, Dubbo
 New Albury Hotel, Albury
 Newport Arms Hotel, Pittwater
 One Tree Hotel, One Tree
 The Oriental Hotel, Springwood
 Palace Hotel, Broken Hill
 Railway Hotel, Bogan Gate
 Royal Cricketers Arms Inn, Prospect
 Royal Hotel, Bathurst
 Royal Hotel, Cooma
 Wobbly Boot Hotel, Boggabilla

Defunct

 Albion Hotel, Balmain
 Albion Hotel, Braidwood
 Arcadia Hotel, Sydney (CBD)
 Beach Hotel, Rozelle
 Bogan Gate Hotel, Bogan Gate
 Bridge View Inn, Rylstone
 Brown's Family Hotel
 Carrington Hotel, Katoomba
 Court House Hotel, Windsor
 Forth & Clyde Hotel, Balmain
 The Garibaldi, Hunters Hill
 George Hotel, Sydney (CBD)
 Grand Hotel, Broadway
 Imperial Hotel, Rooty Hill
 Kent Hotel, Balmain
 Metropolitan Hotel, Sydney (CBD)
 Rising Sun Inn, Millfield
 Royal George Hotel, Sydney (CBD)
 Royal Oak Arms Hotel, Paterson
 Nubrygyn Inn and Cemetery, Euchareena
 Shipwright's Arms Hotel, Balmain East
 Star Hotel, Balmain
 Victoria Hotel, Hinton
 Volunteer Hotel, Balmain
 Whalers Arms Hotel
 White Bay Hotel, Balmain
 Young Princess Hotel, Sydney (Millers Point)

Northern Territory
Hotel Darwin
Humpty Doo Hotel
Victoria Hotel, Darwin

Queensland

 Babinda State Hotel
 Barrier Reef Hotel
 Barron Valley Hotel
 Bellevue Hotel, Brisbane
 Birdsville Hotel
 Bloomfield Lodge
 Bowen River Hotel
 Breakfast Creek Hotel
 Broadway Hotel, Woolloongabba
 Buchanan's Hotel
 Cairns Court House Complex
 Canberra Hotel, Brisbane
 Central Hotel, Cairns
 Central Hotel, Stanthorpe
 City View Hotel
 Cleveland Hotel
 Coronation Hotel
 Criterion Hotel, Maryborough
 Criterion Hotel, Rockhampton
 Criterion Hotel, Warwick
 Customs House Hotel, Maryborough
 Dusit Thani Brookwater Golf and Spa Resort
 Eatons Hill Hotel
 Einasleigh Hotel
 Empire Hotel, Fortitude Valley
 Engineers' Arms Hotel
 Eureka Hotel
 Exchange Hotel, Laidley
 Exchange Hotel, Mossman
 Federal Hotel, Childers
 Forest Hill Hotel
 Fortitude Valley Post Office
 Four Points by Sheraton Brisbane
 Gambaro Group
 Grand Hotel, Childers
 Grand Hotel, Mount Morgan
 Grand View Hotel
 Great Northern Hotel, Townsville
 Heritage Hotel
 Hides Hotel
 Holiday Inn, Townsville
 Hotel Cecil (Southport)
 Hotel Cecil, North Ipswich
 Hotel Childers
 Hotel Corones
 Hotel Francis
 Hotel Metropole, Ipswich
 Imperial Hotel, Ravenswood
 Inchcolm, Spring Hill
 Irlam's Ant Bed Building
 Jubilee Hotel
 Lake Eacham Hotel
 Lakes Creek Hotel
 Langham Hotel, Warwick
 Lees Hotel
 Lockyer Hotel
 Mana Bar
 Manor Apartment Hotel
 Marburg Hotel
 National Hotel, Warwick
 Nebo Hotel
 Nindigully Pub
 Noccundra Hotel
 Norman Hotel
 Normanby Hotel
 Oddfellows Home Hotel
 Orient Hotel, Brisbane
 Palace Hotel, Childers
 Palazzo Versace Australia
 Parson's Inn
 People's Palace, Brisbane
 Plough Inn
 Port Office Hotel
 Post Office Hotel, Maryborough
 Prince Consort Hotel
 Quartz Hill Coach Change Station
 Queen's Hotel, Townsville
 Queensland National Hotel
 Railway Hotel, Gympie
 Railway Hotel, Ravenswood
 Range Hotel site, Hervey Range
 Regatta Hotel
 Royal Bull's Head Inn
 Royal Exchange Hotel, Brisbane
 Royal George Hotel and Ruddle's Building
 Royal Hotel, Birdsville
 Royal Hotel, Maryborough
 Royal Mail Hotel, Hungerford
 Shell House, Brisbane
 Sheraton Mirage Port Douglas Resort
 Stonehouse, Moore
 Tattersalls Hotel, Townsville
 The Grand Hotel, Hughenden
 The Pink Poodle
 The Reef Hotel Casino
 The Star Gold Coast
 Towers of Chevron Renaissance
 Transcontinental Hotel
 Treasury Casino
 Treasury Hotel
 Ulster Hotel
 Victoria Park Hotel
 Victory Hotel
 Waterloo Bay Hotel
 West End Hotel, Townsville
 White Horse Hotel, Toowoomba
 White Swan Inn, Swan Creek
 Wickham Hotel

South Australia
 Exeter Hotel
 Highercomb Hotel
 Largs Pier Hotel
 Pier Hotel, Glenelg

Tasmania
The Bush Inn, Tasmania
Hope and Anchor Tavern
The Deloraine Hotel

Victoria

 Carlton Inn, Melbourne
 Corner Hotel, Richmond
 Colbinabbin Hotel – Colbinabbin 3559
 Devonshire Arms, Fitzroy (defunct)
 Diggers Rest Hotel (defunct)
 Duke of Wellington, Melbourne
 Empress Hotel, Fitzroy North (defunct)
 Esplanade Hotel
 Fawkner's Hotel (defunct)
 Federal Hotel, Melbourne (defunct)
 The Gordon Hotel – Portland 3305
 Governor Hotham Hotel, Hawthorn
 Hotel Windsor
 Elphinstone Hotel 3448
 Greendale Hotel – Greendale 3341
 Prince of Wales Hotel, St Kilda
 Punters Club (defunct)
 Old White Hart Hotel, Spring St, Melbourne (defunct)
 Radio Springs Hotel, Lyonville
 Shamrock Hotel, Bendigo
 The Tote Hotel
 Tudor Inn, Cheltenham
 Young & Jackson

Western Australia

Exchange Hotel, Kalgoorlie
Federal Hotel, Fremantle
Melbourne Hotel
Palace Hotel, Perth
Parkerville Tavern, Perth
Railway Hotel, Perth
Raffles Hotel, Perth
Royal Hotel, Perth
Sail and Anchor Hotel
Freemasons Tavern, Beverley

Fictional
 Ettamogah Pub

Australian pubs worldwide

There are an estimated 3,000 Australian themed pubs worldwide. They have been criticised for a lack of authenticity. They are particularly prevalent wherever Australian tourists or expatriate communities are found, providing a sense of connection for the Australian diaspora.

Walkabout (pub chain)
Café Oz Australian Bar

See also
 List of bars
 List of hotels in Australia
 List of microbreweries
 List of public house topics
 Longest bar in Australia
 Micropub

References

Lists of companies of Australia
Australia
Australian cuisine-related lists
Lists of buildings and structures in Australia


title: Donald K. Helgeson

text:
Donald K. Helgeson was a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly.

Biography
Helgeson was born on May 30, 1932, in Manitowoc, Wisconsin. He graduated from high school in Valders, Wisconsin and from the University of Wisconsin-Madison. During the Korean War, he served in the United States Navy. Helgeson died in 1976.

Political career
Helgeson was elected to the Assembly in 1968 and re-elected in 1970. He was a Republican.

References

1932 births
1976 deaths
20th-century American politicians
Military personnel from Wisconsin
United States Navy sailors
United States Navy personnel of the Korean War
University of Wisconsin–Madison alumni
People from Manitowoc, Wisconsin
Republican Party members of the Wisconsin State Assembly


title: Michael Goldberg

text:
Michael Goldberg may refer to:

 Michael Goldberg (painter) (1924–2007), American abstract expressionist painter and teacher
 Michael Goldberg (screenwriter) (1959–2014), American screenwriter
 Michael Goldberg (writer) (born 1953), American journalist and novelist
 Michael Goldberg (sports executive) (1943–2017), executive director of the National Basketball Coaches Association
 Michael Goldberg (mathematician) (1902–1990), American mathematician who defined the Goldberg polyhedron
 Mickey Goldberg (born 1941), American neuroscientist
 M. J. Goldberg, alternative cartoonist

See also
 Mike Goldberg (born 1964), American play-by-play commentator


title: Mirabad, Qasr-e Qand

text:
Mirabad (, also Romanized as Mīrābād) is a village in Sarbuk Rural District, Sarbuk District, Qasr-e Qand County, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 107, in 18 families.

References

Populated places in Qasr-e Qand County


title: Opportunistic mobile social network

text:
Opportunistic mobile social networks are a form of mobile ad hoc networks that exploit the human social characteristics, such as similarities, daily routines, mobility patterns, and interests to perform the message routing and data sharing. In such networks, the users with mobile devices are able to form on-the-fly social networks to communicate with each other and share data objects.

Definition
In recent years, opportunistic mobile social networks emerged as a new mechanism of communications in wireless networks. Unlike mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) that require end-to-end communication paths for message exchange, the communication in opportunistic mobile social networks takes place on the establishment of opportunistic contacts among mobile nodes, without availability of end-to-end message routing paths. As the mobile devices can make contact only when humans come into contact, such networks are tightly coupled with human social networks. Therefore, the opportunistic mobile social networks exploit the human behaviors and social relationships to build more efficient and trustworthy message dissemination schemes.

Opportunism in social networks
The GSMA estimates that as of January 2019, more than 5 billion people worldwide use mobile phones. That is more than half of the world's population. Most of the mobile phones in the current era are equipped with Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, cameras, sensors, and numerous other components. Moreover, most of the modern vehicles are also installed with communication interfaces and sensory equipment. Such a widespread use and availability of mobile communication devices create a huge number of contact opportunities among humans, and are key to the establishment of opportunistic mobile social networks. The human mobility is the key factor in opportunistic communications, and there could be delays in message transfers as long as the humans carrying mobile devices do not come into each other's transmission range. Therefore, several research projects are conducted in various parts of the world to analyze the human mobility and social interaction patterns, and on the basis of that to build efficient message routing models that incur minimum message delays.

Social metrics
The most common social metrics that are widely utilized to build message communications by exploiting social networks are betweenness centrality, degree centrality, and closeness centrality. The betweenness centrality measures the extent a node appears on the shortest communication paths (taken by messages) among the other mobile devices. In specific terms, betweenness centrality quantifies the extent of information flow through the current node on the behalf of other nodes. In contrast, degree centrality gives a measurement of the direct interactions of a node with other nodes in an opportunistic mobile social network. The closeness centrality is regarded as a measure of information spread time from a given node to the other nodes in the network. Bubble Rap is a famous message routing scheme developed for opportunistic mobile social networks that exploits the aforementioned metrics to establish communications.

Challenges
Opportunistic mobile social networks face numerous challenges due to the frequent disruptions and delays, and intermittent connectivity environment. One of the major challenges is the insecure communication in such networks, as due to the distributed nature, it is not possible to utilize mature security mechanisms, such as cryptography that requires centralized trusted authorities. Moreover, it is also difficult to maintain trust among the peer nodes due to the disconnected and decentralized environments. Data related to the reputation of the participating entities can be exchanged between them in order to build robust trust scores.

Applications
There are numerous applications of opportunistic mobile social networks, and more applications are evolving as the smartphone technology is advancing.

Opportunistic computing
Opportunistic computing utilize the shared resources, content, services, applications, and computing resources,  by the devices connected in an opportunistic mobile social network, to provide a platform for the execution of distributed computing tasks. However, opportunistic computing requires middleware services to cope with the intermittent connectivity and delay of the opportunistic communication environments. Also, participating entities need to be compensated and for that they should be able to negotiate the cost of opportunistic computing tasks and pay each other.

Recommender systems
A novel application area of opportunistic mobile social networks is the recommender systems. Such systems track the user activities, mobility patterns, and utilize the user's contextual information to provide recommendations on variety of items.

Mobile data offloading
An active area of research in the applications of opportunistic mobile social networks is the mobile data offloading. With large number of ever increasing smartphone users, most of the 3G networks are overloaded. Several research works are performed to utilize opportunistic mobile social networks in offloading of mobile data traffic to reduce the load on 3G networks.

Simulators
There are numerous simulators available that are used to analyze and replay human mobility patterns extracted from the real traces collected through various experiments. Some simulators are capable of generating synthetic human mobility patterns, as well as can simulate real traces; a few examples are given below:

ONE
ONE is a Java-based simulator, and supports the simulation of realistic and synthetic mobility patterns. ONE simulator has many rich features for simulating opportunistic mobile social networks.

LEPTON
LEPTON is a lightweight emulation platform for opportunistic networking systems. Like many simulators it can simulate the mobility of nodes based on synthetic models or real-world traces, and drive the communication between these nodes accordingly. Being an emulator, though, it makes it possible to run for each node a full-featured instance of an existing opportunistic networking system (such as DoDWAN, IBRDTN, or aDTN for example).

References

Social networks


title: Nishada flabrifera

text:
Nishada flabrifera is a moth of the family Erebidae. It is found in Sri Lanka, India (Calcutta, Travancore, Nilgiris) and on Java.

Description
Its wingspan is about 30 mm. Male with the basal half of antennae not thickened. Forewings with vein 3 and 4 from cell. vein 6 from below angle and vein 10 absent. Hindwings with vein 6 absent. In male, head smoky black, and thorax yellowish brown. Abdomen ochreous, where the second segment is almost scaleless and shoring dark cuticle. Forewing uniformly yellowish brown. Hindwings are ochreous.

References

External links

Lithosiina
Moths described in 1878


title: Roncalese dialect

text:
Roncalese (in Basque: erronkariera, in Roncalese dialect: Erronkariko uskara) is an extinct Basque dialect once spoken in the Roncal Valley in Navarre, Spain. It is a subdialect of Eastern Navarrese in the classification of Koldo Zuazo.  It had been classified as a subdialect of Souletin (otherwise spoken in the province of Soule in France) in the 19th-century classification of Louis Lucien Bonaparte, and as a separate dialect in the early-20th-century classification of Resurrección María de Azkue. The last speaker of the Roncalese, Fidela Bernat, died in 1991.

Roncalese preserves historical nasals which have been lost from other dialects, a fact which has proven valuable in discrediting the aizkora theory (that Basque vocabulary is continuous from the Stone Age).

Text

See also
Basque dialects

References

External links
 Roncalese recordings, Nafarroako Euskararen Mediateka, Euskarabidea, Government of Navarre.

Basque dialects
Navarre culture


title: Nishada chilomorpha

text:
Nishada chilomorpha is a moth of the family Erebidae first described by Snellen in 1877. It is found on Java and in Sundaland, the north-eastern Himalayas and Taiwan. The habitat consists of various lowland forest types, except heath forests. It is also found less frequently in lower montane forests.

The length of the forewings is 12–14 mm for males and 13–15 mm for females.

Subspecies
Nishada chilomorpha chilomorpha (Java)
Nishada chilomorpha adunca Holloway, 2001 (Sundaland, north-eastern Himalayas, Taiwan)

References

Lithosiina
Moths described in 1877


title: Nishada rotundipennis

text:
Nishada rotundipennis is a moth of the family Erebidae first described by Francis Walker in 1862. It is found on Borneo and Peninsular Malaysia and in Myanmar and the north-eastern Himalayas. The habitat consists of forests.

Adults are sexually dimorphic, with females being much paler and yellower than males. Males also have slightly swollen antennae.

References

Lithosiina
Moths described in 1862


title: NGEF

text:
NGEF (New Government Electrical Factory) of Karnataka in India was an ISO 9001 certified company with German collaborators and known for technology. It is taken as an example of an Indian company that declined.

The Company

NGEF was incorporated as a company in 1956 in partnership with the former company AEG (Aktiengesellschaft or Allgemeine Elektricitäts-Gesellschaft Aktiengesellschaft) of Germany.  It had six divisions — transformer, motors, switchgear, power electronics, semi conductor devices and mechanical engineering. NGEF was once a leader in pumps, electric motors and switch gears in Bangalore.

It manufactured pump sets, to provide continuous water supply for farms, and motors, to power the pumps, hence contributing its bit to increase agricultural production. NGEF also helped the Railways Modernisation Programme by executing seven major contracts for equipping 20 traction substations in the Central and Western Railways. It also manufactured the electrical components for the Kolkata Metro Line 1.

Allegations

There were allegations made against Ramakrishna Hegde by opposition leaders, in a case involving the transfer of shares by the NGEF company which was owned by the Karnataka state Government and run by public servant officers. In the mid-1980s the Indian Navy was to buy HDW submarines and torpedoes from AEG-T. NGEF, AEG's technical collaborator in India, was legally entitled to a commission on every AEG sale in the country. Instead it was found that AEG ended up paying bribes to  public servants instead of the due commission. It was also alleged that Ramakrishna Hegde and J. H. Patel (both had been Chief Ministers of Karnataka) had joined with the NGEF administrators to deny the company the commission. An inquiry by retired judge Alvares found Commercial Director Srivathsa guilty of forging documents under orders from NGEF chairman Rao. The case was referred to the CBI who registered a FIR in March 1990. The bribes were found to have been routed to highly placed persons through Delhi-based Roger Enterprises. The COD headed by Diwakar also launched an investigation and presented a report to the Home Department in October 1996.

Liberalisation

The liberalisation of Indian economic policies in the early 1990s jolted many PSUs (Public Sector Units) in India, one of them being NGEF. It took a turn for the worse by the late 1990s. By mid 2000, the Government tried to revive it but when it was not seen as viable the Government decided to privatise it and put it up for sale. But no feasible offer came forward to privatise the company and hence it was shut down. However the land owned by NGEF was deemed valuable. Ernst and Young were the consultants that managed the process of phasing out the company. While about 1,800 employees availed of the voluntary retirement scheme (VRS), 122 refused VRS. NGEF closed down in 2002 after incurring losses.

Aftermath

NGEF is remembered for the land it owned, a part of it is currently a residential area called NGEF layout (located in Nagarbhavi 2nd stage)  and the Baiyappanahalli metro station. The NGEF land was surveyed and the KSRTC, the BMTC and the BMRCL had sought 53 acres of the sprawling 240-acre factory campus in Baiyyappanahalli in Bangalore. BMRCL constructed its depot, (Baiyappanahalli metro station), in the land. Also, KSRTC has built one of its bus depots and  BMTC has built the Baiyappanahalli bus stand in the area.

However while NGEF Ltd., Bangalore, no longer exists, its subsidiary in Hubli continues to operate. The unit NGEF (Hubli) Ltd. was set up in 1984 as a motor manufacturing unit of NGEF at Gokul industrial estate Hubli. By 1988 all Mfg, activities were fully shifted from Gokul industrial estate to Rayapur at 10 acres of developed land allotted by KIADB with 1,02,000 Sq.ft. built-up plant.

While the Hubli unit continues to make profit and is hence supported by the state government, there were talks of reviving the Bangalore unit by utilising its property and machinery. In 2009, years after NGEF was shutdown, there were still some employees whose dues had not been paid yet.

References

External links
 About similar PSUs

Science and technology in Bangalore
Companies based in Bangalore
Government-owned companies of India
Electrical engineering companies of India
1956 establishments in Mysore State
Indian companies established in 1956


title: Nishada syntomioides

text:
Nishada syntomioides is a moth of the family Erebidae first described by Francis Walker in 1862. It is found on Borneo. The habitat consists of lowland forests.

The forewing ground colour is dark brown with yellow patches.

References

Lithosiina
Moths described in 1862


title: Glenn E. Bultman

text:
Glenn E. Bultman is a former member of the Wisconsin State Assembly, United States.

Biography
Bultman was born on December 11, 1940, in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. He graduated from Messmer High School and Marquette University. From 1966 to 1969, he was a member of the United States Army.

Political career
Bultman was elected to the Assembly in 1970. He is a Democrat.

References

Politicians from Milwaukee
Military personnel from Milwaukee
United States Army soldiers
Marquette University alumni
1940 births
Living people
Democratic Party members of the Wisconsin State Assembly


title: Elizabeth Colbert

text:
Elizabeth Colbert may refer to:

Elizabeth V. Colbert (1865–1929), American politician from New York
Elizabeth Colbert Busch (born 1954), American economist and politician from South Carolina

See also
Elizabeth Kolbert (born 1961), American journalist


title: Aberfeldy River

text:
The Aberfeldy River is a perennial river of the West Gippsland catchment, located in the Alpine region of the Australian state of Victoria.

Features and location
Formed by the confluence of the North and South branches of the river, the Aberfeldy River rises in a state forestry area below Mount Selma on part of the Great Dividing Range. The river flows generally southwest then south, joined by two minor tributaries, before reaching its confluence with the Thomson River north of , in the Shire of Baw Baw. The river descends  over its  course.

Etymology
In the Aboriginal Brataualung language the river is named Nambruc, meaning "plenty of black opossums".

See also

Rivers of Victoria

References

External links

West Gippsland catchment
Rivers of Gippsland (region)
Victorian Alps


title: Ken'ichi Yamamoto

text:
was a Japanese writer.

After first being employed by a publisher, Yamamoto, himself, became a full-time writer.

In 2004, he won the Seichō Matsumoto Award for Katen no shiro, and in 2009 the Naoki Prize for Rikyū ni Tazune yo. Both books were made into movies.

Yamamoto died on February 13, 2014, from lung cancer at the age of 57.

Awards
 Seichō Matsumoto Award (2004)
 Naoki Prize (2009)

References

20th-century Japanese novelists
21st-century Japanese novelists
Doshisha University alumni
Writers from Kyoto Prefecture
1956 births
2014 deaths


title: Nishada melanistis

text:
Nishada melanistis is a moth of the family Erebidae first described by Charles Swinhoe in 1902. It is found on Borneo and Sulawesi.

Adults have dark brown forewings with a yellow costa. The hindwings are yellow with a brown border.

References

Lithosiina
Moths described in 1902


title: James Lynn (Wisconsin politician)

text:
James J. Lynn (October 12, 1916June 13, 2008) was an American businessman and Democratic politician from West Allis, Wisconsin.  He served two terms in the Wisconsin State Assembly, representing west-central Milwaukee County.

Biography
Lynn was born on October 12, 1916, in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. He attended Miami High School in Miami, Florida. During World War II, Lynn served in the United States Army. He was a member of the Knights of Columbus. He died on June 13, 2008.

Political career
Lynn was elected to the Assembly in 1968. He was a Democrat.

References

Politicians from Milwaukee
Politicians from Miami
Democratic Party members of the Wisconsin State Assembly
Military personnel from Wisconsin
United States Army soldiers
United States Army personnel of World War II
1916 births
2008 deaths
20th-century American politicians


title: College of Advanced Technology, Roorkee

text:
College of Advanced Technology (CAT) is an engineering college in Roorkee,  Uttarakhand, India. It is affiliated to Uttarakhand Board of School Education, Roorkee.

Campus

The campus is spread over 5 acres of land. The CAT campus is home to it hundreds of full-time students from all over the region. It provides all the essential amenities of an urban campus.
Facilities include several labs, workshop, engineering drawing hall, computer lab, class room, library and canteen.

Departments and centres

5 Departments in this institute:
Mechanical Engineering
Mechanical Engineering (Auto)
Civil Engineering
Electrical Engineering
Electronics Engineering

Award in Uttarakhand

The prestigious award of "Visionary of Uttarakhand" was presented to Mr. Ruchir Gupta (Chairman - College of Advanced Technology Roorkee) by Hon'able Chief Minister of Uttarakhand for this great contribution in Education.

References

College of Advanced Technology Roorkee, Alumni Association
Engineering colleges in Uttarakhand
Education in Roorkee
Educational institutions in India with year of establishment missing


title: Nishada sambara

text:
Nishada sambara is a moth of the family Erebidae first described by Frederic Moore in 1859. It is found on Sumatra, Borneo, Java, the Sangihe Islands, Bali and the Philippines. The habitat consists of lowland forests.

References

Lithosiina
Moths described in 1859


title: Dattha

text:
Dattha is a 2006 Indian Kannada-language comedy drama film directed by Chi Guru Dutt and written by Janardhana Maharshi. The film stars Darshan and Ramya whilst Keerthi Chawla, Srinath and Vinaya Prasad play other pivotal roles.

The film featured an original score and soundtrack composed by R. P. Patnaik. The film, upon release, received an average response from both critics and the audience.

Plot
Datta and his friend Tingu are small-time crooks. They get in the wrong books of drug peddler Basha. During one of  their thefts, Datta sees Ramya and falls for her. In order to woo her, Datta returns what has been stolen in her house and also pretends to be a well-educated person and also acts as a SI. However, she finds out and breaks up with him, also insulting him in the process.

Later, Datta is persuaded by a businessman Shanti Veerappa, who requests him to act like his son Raju, so that his wife Meenakshi would recover from a bedridden sickness. However, Shanti Veerappa plots to eliminate Datta. Once his rivals finish datta who is enacting his son, he can bring back Raju and be assured of his safety.

Datta, not knowing Shanti Veerappa's ploy goes out along with Shanti Veerappa's family to his village, but is surprised that he is being constantly followed and attacked by Mallikarjuna's goons; who he feels thst they are henchmen of Basha. Ramya, who is the daughter of Shanti Veerappa's rival also tries to eliminate Datta, thinking that he is Raju, but realizes her mistake and reconcile with him. Datta manages to stop Mallikarjuna and Shanti Veerappa enmity, where the families apologize to each other and accepts Datta.

Cast
 Darshan as Dattha
 Ramya
 Keerthi Chawla
 Komal as Tingu
 Srinath  as Shanti Veerapa
 Avinash
 Vinaya Prakash
 Chitra Shenoy
 Bullet Prakash as Gandhinagar Ghouse
 Besant Ravi
Rajashekhar Kotian as Baasha Bhai
 Shanthamma
Preethi Rao
Vatara Mallesh
Vishwas Bharadwaj
Dr. Nagesh kaveti
O. A. K. Sundar
M. N. Suresh
Mohan Juneja
Vaijanath Biradar

Soundtrack
The music was composed by R. P. Patnaik. A part of the song "Valamenukkum" from Chithiram Pesuthadi was reused in "Baare Baare".

Reception
R. G. Vijayasarathy from Rediff.com wrote that "All in all, an above average effort". A critic from Indiaglitz wrote that "Director Gurudutt returning back to fold after 10 years has worked out very well to keep the audience engaged in the theatre. For the fans of Darshan and family audience this is worth watching because of the strengths in the film".

References

2006 films
2000s Kannada-language films
Indian action comedy-drama films
2000s action comedy-drama films


title: Nishada schintlmeisteri

text:
Nishada schintlmeisteri is a moth of the family Erebidae. It is found on Sumatra.

References

 Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

Lithosiina
Moths described in 2013


title: Rafael Moshe Kamhi

text:
Rafael Moshe Kamhi (Bulgarian and , 1870–1970; military pseudonym Skander Beg) was a Sephardic Jew from Monastir (now Bitola) in Ottoman Macedonia. Besides being Jewish, Kamhi felt also strong attachment to Macedonia as his native homeland. Kamhi was elected as liaison officer of the Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization (VMRO). He directly participated in the Miss Stone Affair and in the Ilinden–Preobrazhenie Uprising of August 1903.

Kamhi is among the few survivors of The Holocaust from Thessaloniki after being saved by Bulgarian authorities; 90% of the population was murdered.

Biography
Rafael Moshe Kamhi was born on 15 December 1870 in Bitola, Ottoman Empire (modern-day North Macedonia) in the family of Sephardi Jews. His father was Moshe Solomon Kamhi (1842–1891). At the end of 19th century around 4,000 Jews lived in Bitola. Kamhi was educated at the Jewish Gymnasium and was multilingual: while he spoke Ladino, Turkish, Greek, French and Bulgarian. When he was 23 Kamhi decided to build for himself additional floor on his father's house. Later he hired there Fidan Gruev from Smilevo, an IMRO-activist who introduced him with his brother, Dame Gruev. Afterwards he became de facto member of the IMRO in 1894 and in his house was made a shelter, where the archive and the case of the organization were kept. In the coming years Gotse Delchev, Gyorche Petrov, Milan Matov, Pere Toshev, Boris Sarafov and others also were hidden there. Later the shelter was discovered by the Ottoman authorities and Kamhi was arrested, but he was released after paying a bribe. In 1896, he was made de jure member and  elected as Bitola-delegat on the Thessaloniki Congress of the organization. In Thessaloniki was taken a decision of changing the nationalistic character of the IMRO-statute, which determined its members can be only Bulgarians. In this way the IMRO was open  to all inhabitants of European Turkey. In 1901–1902 he participated in the  "Miss Stone Affair." After the decision to rise the Ilinden Uprising in 1903, Kamhi became responsible on the relations between the authorities in Bulgaria and the revolutionary organization. As a merchant he traveled often, and that made him convenient for that purpose. By these special trips he met with a number of Bulgarian politicians, including Ferdinand I and the Crown Prince, later Bulgarian Tsar - Boris III. Along with these frequent visits to Bulgaria, some of which involved his brother, they both were suspected and arrested by the Ottoman authorities. Subsequently, the brothers were interned in Debar.

Kamhi directly participated in the Ilinden uprising in Debar while his brother, Menteš Kamhi (1877—1943), supplied rebels with weapons and other materials. Later the brothers organized a campaign to raise funds to the victims of the uprising in the Jewish community in Macedonia. In 1905 Kamhi participated in the Rila Congress of IMRO.

After the subsequent split of the Organization, Kamhi maintained close links with left-wing activists of the Macedonian liberation movement as Gyorche Petrov and Dimo Hadzhidimov. He did not hide his dislike of the centralist's  wing activists. The left-wing faction, opposed Bulgarian nationalism, but the centralist's  faction drifted more and more towards it. After the Balkan wars Bitola remained in Serbia and he moved to Xanthi, then part of Bulgaria. At the end of World War I he joined the so-called Provisional representation of the former United Internal Revolutionary Organization. The Temporary representation advocated for autonomy of Macedonia as a part of a Balkan Federation. It threatened the autonomous Macedonia as a supranational state populated by different people as Bulgarians, Greeks, Serbs, Turks, Vlahs, Jews etc. The Bulgarian government of Alexander Malinov offered at the end of the First World War in late 1918 the idea of a united autonomous Macedonian state under the jurisdiction of the Great Powers, but it was refused.  Due to the threat of a second national disaster for Bulgaria, before the signing of the Treaty of Neuilly, Kamhi conducted in 1919 a meeting with the then Prime Minister Teodor Teodorov, who struggled to keep order in the defeated country. He was offered to move to Thessaloniki, where the headquarters of the Triple Entente was located. He had to stand there with aim to present the interests of Bulgaria in Macedonia to the victors in the war. With the permission of the French General Charpy, he settled and stayed to live in the city. It is said he continued to work unofficially for Bulgarian interests in the period between the two World wars, when living in Greece.

During World War II, after the occupation of Greece, Kamhi participated in the creation of Bulgarian Club in Thessaloniki. In 1943, Rafael Kamhi was arrested by the German occupying forces in the city and had to be sent to a concentration camp in Central Europe. With the support of Bulgarian organizations and institutions as the Macedonian Scientific Institute, the Ilinden (Organization), the Union of Macedonian brotherhoods, the premier Bogdan Filov, and Tsar Boris III himself, he was released. Meanwhile, nearly all 54,000  Salonica's Jews were shipped to the Nazi extermination camps. The Jewish communities of Bulgarian-controlled Yugoslavia and Greece territories, numbering 12,000 were also almost completely wiped out. Kamhi's brother, who lived in Bitola, together with his relatives there, and all his relatives in Thessaloniki, were deported in Treblinka. Nevertheless, 48,000 Bulgarian Jews native to the old borders of Bulgaria, were saved. Two of the few survivors were his niece Rosa and nephew Joseph Kamhi, the children of his brother. Rosa after the war married the Yugoslav General Beno Ruso and Joseph moved to Israel.

After his rescuing Kamhi moved to Sofia, where he remained until 1949, when he moved to Israel. After the war, at the request of the Macedonian Scientific Institute and the Jewish Institute in Sofia, he began working on his memoirs, still in Bulgaria. From Tel Aviv he continued his correspondence with both Institutes in Sofia. He died in ripe old age in 1970 in Tel Aviv.

Legacy
All the memories of Rafael Kamhi are now kept in the Bulgarian State Archive in the so-called Jewish collection of books and documents. The archives that he left contain documents in Bulgarian and Ladino. The collected memories of Rafael Kamhi were published under the title "I, the voyvoda Skender Bey" in 2000 in Sofia. In 2013, his memoirs were republished under the title "Rafael Kamhi: recollections of a Macedonian Jew revolutionary".

The first work of Macedonian historiography about Kamhi was written by Todor Simoski and published in 1953.

In March 2011 the President of Macedonia addressed participants of the Central Commemorative gathering in remembrance of the Holocaust of the Macedonian Jews and emphasized that Kamhi "was one of the promoters of the idea of a free and independent Macedonia". The Jewish Community in the Republic of Macedonia and Holocaust Memorial Fund of the Jews from Macedonia organized the event "Tribute to commander Rafael Kamhi and Heroes of Ilinden" during the national festival "10 days of the Krusevo Republic" in 2012. A wax figure of Rafael Moshe Kamhi is among 109 wax figures of notable Macedonian revolutionaries and intellectuals exhibited at the Museum of the Macedonian Struggle in Skopje.

Honours
Kamhi Point in Antarctica is named after Rafael Kamhi.

References

Sources

 Рафаел Камхи: Спомени на един евреин македонски революционер, съставител: Цочо Билярски, издателство: Синева, , второ издание, 2013 год.

Further reading

1870 births
1970 deaths
People from Bitola
Members of the Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization
Bulgarian emigrants to Israel
Macedonian Jews
Bulgarian Jews in Israel
People from the Ottoman Empire


title: P. J. Castellaneta

text:
Paul Joseph (P. J.) Castellaneta (born 1960) is an American film director, who wrote and directed the films Together Alone and Relax...It's Just Sex.

Castellaneta was born in Lynbrook, New York. He was working as a story supervisor for Warner Bros. when he made Relax...It's Just Sex.

Castellaneta made the short film What's a Nice Kid Like You... in 1986. His feature film debut, Together Alone, won the Teddy Award and the International Confederation of Art Cinemas prize at the 42nd Berlin International Film Festival, as well as the Audience Award at the San Francisco International Lesbian & Gay Film Festival and the Best Feature Film Award at the Torino International Lesbian & Gay Film Festival. A stage adaptation of the film was also produced in 1992 by the Upstart Theatre Company in Chicago.

References

External links

1960 births
American film directors
American male screenwriters
American LGBT screenwriters
American LGBT film directors
American gay writers
Living people
People from Lynbrook, New York
Screenwriters from New York (state)


title: Marketing automation

text:
Marketing automation refers to software platforms and technologies designed for marketing departments and organizations to more effectively market on multiple channels online (such as email, social media, websites, etc.) and automate repetitive tasks.

Marketing departments, consultants and part-time marketing employees benefit by specifying criteria and outcomes for tasks and processes which are then interpreted, stored and executed by software, which increases efficiency and reduces human error. Originally focused on  email marketing automation, marketing automation refers to a broad range of automation and analytic tools for marketing especially inbound marketing. Marketing automation platforms are used as a hosted or web-based solution, and no software installation is required by a customer.

The purpose of a marketing automation platform is to streamline sales and marketing organizations by replacing high-touch, repetitive manual processes with automated solutions.

A marketing automation platform allows marketers to scale lead management activities, such as coordinating and managing marketing campaigns, both online and offline), nurturing leads, and scoring leads appropriately to determine if / when they are ready for sales to engage.

Overview
Marketing Automation is a subset of customer relationship management (CRM) or customer experience management (CXM) that focuses on the definition, segmentation, scheduling and tracking of marketing campaigns. The use of marketing automation makes processes that would otherwise have been performed manually much more efficient and makes new processes possible. Marketing Automation can be defined as a process where technology is used to automate several repetitive tasks that are undertaken on a regular basis in a marketing campaign.

Marketing Automation platforms allow marketers to automate and simplify client communication by managing complex omnichannel marketing strategies with a single tool. Marketing Automation assists greatly in areas like Lead Generation, Segmentation, Lead nurturing and lead scoring, Relationship marketing, Cross-sell and upsell, Retention, and Marketing ROI measurement. Effective marketing automation tools leverage data from a separate or integrated CRM to understand customer impact and preferences.

There are three categories of marketing automation software:
Marketing intelligence Uses tracking codes in social media, email, and webpages to track the behavior of anyone interested in a product or service to gain a measure of intent. It can record which social media group or thread they followed, which link was clicked on in an email or which search term was used to access a website. Multiple link analysis can then track buyer behavior - following links and multiple threads related to product A, but not B will show an interest only in A. This allows more accurately targeted response and the development of a nurturing program specifically targeted towards their interest and vertical market. This allows businesses to more efficiently and effectively reach target consumers who show, through their internet history behavior, that they will be interested in the company's products. Due to its interactive nature, this has been described as Marketing Automation 2.0.
Marketing automation Has a focus on moving leads from the top of the marketing funnel through to becoming sales-ready leads at the bottom of the funnel. Prospects are scored, based on their activities, and receive targeted content and messaging, thus nurturing them from first interest through to sale. Commonly used in business-to-business (B2B), business-to-government (B2G), or longer sales cycle business-to-consumer (B2C) sales cycles, Marketing Automation involves multiple areas of marketing and is really the marriage of email marketing technology coupled with a structured sales process.
Advertising Automation
Has a focus on automating the process of advertising, usually focusing on the campaign lifecycle management. Automation involves different areas such as media mix model, media planning, scheduling, campaign setting, adserving, and reporting. Applicable to just one or many of these elements, advertising automation focuses on automating either an entire aspect or their most mundane tasks - often with the use of Artificial Intelligence. A clear example is to be found in ad operations (also known as trafficking), which involves the activities around mapping adserver and analytics placement to different media and ad-tech platforms, creating tracking pixels to disseminate across the different media, and management of the UTM parameters — traditionally manually operated across different adtech platforms — that with advertising automation is automated. This generates an automated creation of placement, automated pushing of trackers to the various media, and automatic management of the creation of UTM parameters. While commonly used among big advertisers to simplify complex infrastructures and processes, advertising automation is paving the way to make advertising accessible to unskilled users.
Advanced workflow automation
Encompasses automation of internal marketing processes. These include budgeting and planning, workflow and approvals, the marketing calendar, internal collaboration, digital asset creation, and management and essentially everything that supports the operational efficiency of the internal marketing function. Typically, these systems require a CRM or COM (commercial operations management) administrator to set up a complex series of rules to trigger action items for internal sales and marketing professionals to manually process (designing files, sending letters, sending email campaigns). This type of system increases the marketer's ability to deliver relevant content to relevant individuals at relevant times. Limitations may apply, based on the human resource capacity of an organization and their level of commitment to the tasks as they are assigned. Advanced workflow automation's can be created to support the entire customer journey, including awareness, consideration, decision and long term loyalty.

Effects of GDPR on marketing automation
As of 25 May 2018 the General Data Protection Regulation came into effect in the EU, this has had a large impact on the way marketing teams and organizations can manage their consumer data. Any organization using marketing automation tracking is required to ask consent from the consumer as well as provide transparency on how the data will be processed.

Impact of marketing automation on consumers

Consumers are directly impacted by marketing automation. Consumers provide data for companies, and companies use algorithms to determine products and services to market towards the consumer. The products and services are personalized based on the collected data for each individual. The use of marketing automation is interpreted as an efficient customer experience while others interpret a loss of autonomy for the consumer.

Functionality

In order to effectively aid marketers in fully understanding customers and subsequently developing a strategic marketing plan, marketing automation platforms (MAPs) are designed to perform eight key tasks:
 Development and analysis of marketing campaigns and customers
 Management of marketing campaigns
 Appropriate customer data organization and storage
 Moving contacts from leads (marketing prospects) to customers
 Lead scoring to qualify leads by measuring their engagement level
 Integration of multiple touch-points such as email and social media
 Lead management
 Campaign performance analytics (i.e. open rate or click-through rates on emails, conversion rates on landing pages)

Market
According to Gartner, the B2B marketing automation market grew 15% in 2020 and was valued at $2.1 billion. Gartner identified the following vendors as B2B marketing automation platform leaders as of August 2021:

 Adobe (Adobe Marketo Engage)
 Creatio (Marketing Creatio)
 HubSpot (Marketing Hub)
 Oracle (Oracle Eloqua)
 Salesforce (Pardot)

See also
 Demand generation
 Lead scoring
 Outbound marketing
 Online marketing platform
 Real-time marketing
 Predictive analytics
 Customer retention
 Data Integration
 Mobile marketing automation
 Email marketing

References

Marketing software


title: Paddy Murphy (hurler)

text:
Paddy Murphy is an Irish sportsperson.  He plays hurling with his local club Nenagh Éire Óg and with the Tipperary senior inter-county team.

Career
He played in the All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship for Tipperary from 2009 until 2011, winning the Championship in 2010.
He was named in the Tipperary squad for the 2014 National Hurling League.

Honours
Tipperary
 All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship (1): 2010
 Munster Under-21 Hurling Championship (1): 2010
 All-Ireland Minor Hurling Championship (1): 2007
 Munster Minor Hurling Championship (1): 2007
 Waterford Crystal Cup (1): 2014

References

External links
 Tipperary GAA Player Profile

Living people
1990 births
Nenagh Éire Óg hurlers
Tipperary inter-county hurlers
UCD hurlers


title: Nishada marginalis

text:
Nishada marginalis is a moth of the family Erebidae first described by Felder in 1875. It is found on Sulawesi in Indonesia.

References

Lithosiina
Moths described in 1875


title: Nishada tula

text:
Nishada tula is a moth of the family Erebidae first described by Charles Swinhoe in 1900. It is found on the Sula Islands in Indonesia.

References

Lithosiina
Moths described in 1900


title: Nishada aurantiaca

text:
Nishada aurantiaca is a moth of the family Erebidae first described by Walter Rothschild in 1913. It is found on Sulawesi.

References

Lithosiina
Moths described in 1913


title: Nishada xantholoma

text:
Nishada xantholoma is a moth of the family Erebidae first described by Snellen in 1879. It is found on Sulawesi in Indonesia.

References

Lithosiina
Moths described in 1879


title: 2003–04 Iran 2nd Division

text:
The following is the standings of the Iran Football's 2nd Division 2003-04 football season.

National Group

Region Groups

North Group

South Group

See also
 2003–04 Azadegan League
 2003–04 Hazfi Cup
 Iranian Super Cup
 2003–04 Iranian Futsal Super League

3
League 2 (Iran) seasons


title: John W. Slaby

text:
John William Slaby (September 23, 1934 – January 3, 2017) was an American lawyer and politician. He was a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly.

Slaby was born in Ashland, Wisconsin. He graduated from University of Wisconsin–Madison, in 1956, and received his law degree from University of Wisconsin Law School in 1958. He practiced law in Phillips, Wisconsin. Slaby served as district attorney for Price County, Wisconsin from 1960 to 1971 and was a Democrat. Slaby served in the Wisconsin State Assembly in 1971 and 1972. He died in Naples, Florida.

References

People from Ashland, Wisconsin
People from Phillips, Wisconsin
Democratic Party members of the Wisconsin State Assembly
District attorneys in Wisconsin
University of Wisconsin Law School alumni
1934 births
2017 deaths


title: Muthis

text:
Muthis may have been an ephemeral ancient Egyptian pharaoh of the Twenty-ninth Dynasty.

Biography
He is sometime reported as a son of Nepherites I who ruled for a brief time before being deposed by an usurper, Psammuthes. However, this statement is based on an interpretation of a passage in the Demotic Chronicle:
His son (i.e. of Nepherites I) was allowed to succeed him. (But) a short time was vouchsafed to him... Nevertheless, the Demotic Chronicle never mentions the name of Muthis and, as pointed out by the Egyptologist John D. Ray, "his son" could be a reference to Hakor instead.

It is also possible that Muthis was a very shadowly usurper, maybe related to the other usurper Psammuthes. Another option is that "Muthis" was simply a copying error, and therefore never existed; the latter hypothesis is supported by the fact that the name is clearly hellenized but there are no clues of what could have originally meant "Muthis" in Egyptian.

Attestations
His name does not appear on any monument, and he is only mentioned by Eusebius's Epithome of Manetho. Eusebius gave him a single year of reign and placed him at the very end of the dynasty, after Nepherites II; however, the Armenian version of Eusebius placed him between Psammuthes and Nepherites II.

References

Bibliography
Ray, J.D., 1986: "Psammuthis and Hakoris", The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology, 72: 149–158.

4th-century BC Pharaohs
Pharaohs of the Twenty-ninth Dynasty of Egypt
People whose existence is disputed
Year of birth unknown
Year of death unknown


title: Cathal Barrett

text:
Cathal Barrett (born 21 July 1993) is an Irish hurler who plays for Tipperary Championship club Holycross–Ballycahill and at inter-county level with the Tipperary senior hurling team. He usually lines out as a right corner-back.

Playing career

Thurles CBS

Barrett first came to prominence as a hurler with Thurles CBS. He played in every grade before eventually joining the senior hurling team. On 26 February 2010, he lined out at right wing-back when Thurles CBS drew 1-12 apiece with Ardscoil Rís from Limerick in the Harty Cup final. Barrett retained his position on the starting fifteen for the replay on 6 March 2010 which resulted in a 4-15 to 2-21 draw. On 11 March 2010, he was at centre-back when Thurles CBS suffered a 3-15 to 0-14 defeat by Ardscoil Rís in a second replay of the final.

Limerick Institute of Technology

Barrett studied at the Limerick Institute of Technology between 2011 and 2016 and joined the senior hurling team in his second year. He was a regular player in defence in various Fitzgibbon Cup campaigns.

Holycross–Ballycahill

Barrett joined the Holycross–Ballycahill club at a young age and played in all grades at juvenile and underage levels, enjoying championship success in the minor grade. He eventually joined the club's top adult team.

Tipperary

Minor and under-21

Barrett was just 16-years-old when he was selected for the Tipperary minor hurling team prior to the start of the 2010 Munster Championship. He made his first appearance for the team on 5 May 2010 when he lined out at right corner-back in Tipperary's 0-17 to 1-13 defeat by Clare.

Barrett was again eligible for the Tipperary minor team in 2011, however, his position changed from corner-back to left wing-back. His minor career ended with a 3-13 to 1-13 defeat by Clare on 24 June 2011.

Barrett was drafted onto the Tipperary under-21 team in advance of the 2012 Munster Championship. He was an unused substitute when Tipperary suffered a 1-16 to 1-11 defeat by Limerick on 18 July 2012. Barrett was again listed as a substitute win a 1-16 to 1-14 defeat by Clare in the Munster final on 8 August 2012.

On 31 May 2013, Barrett made his first appearance for the Tipperary under-21 team when he lined out at right corner-forward in a 2-18 to 2-11 defeat of Limerick. He was switched to left corner-back when Tipperary suffered a 1-17 to 2-10 defeat by Clare in the Munster final on 7 August 2013.

Barrett was selected for the under-21 team for a third successive season in 2014. He played his last game in the grade on 16 July 2014 when he lined out at right corner-forward in a 5-19 to 1-25 defeat by Clare.

Senior

Barrett was added to the Tipperary senior team in advance of the 2014 National League. He made his first appearance for the team on 15 February 2014 when he lined out at right corner-back in a 2-13 to 0-16 defeat of Waterford. On 4 May 2014, Barrett was again at right corner-back when Tipperary suffered a 2-25 to 1-27 defeat by Kilkenny in the National League final. He made his Munster Championship debut on 1 June 2014 when he played the full 70 minutes in a 2-18 to 2-16 defeat by Limerick. On 7 September 2014, Barrett played in his first All-Ireland final against Kilkenny. He lined out in his usual position of right corner-back in the 1-28 to 3-22 draw with Kilkenny. Barrett retained his place on the starting fifteen for the replay on 27 September 2014, however, he ended the game on the losing side following a 2-17 t 2-14 defeat. He ended the season by being named Young Hurler of the Year.

On 12 July 2015, Barrett lined out at right corner-back in his first Munster final. He ended the game with his first winners' medal following Tipperary's 0-21 to 0-16 defeat of Waterford. Barrett ended the season by receiving a second successive All-Star nomination.

On 10 July 2016, Barrett started the Munster final against Waterford at right corner-back. He collected a second successive winners' medal following the 5-19 to 0-13 victory. Barrett was again named at right corner-back for the All-Ireland final against Kilkenny on 4 September 2016. He ended the game with an All-Ireland medal following a 2-29 to 2-20 victory. Barrett ended the season by being named in the right corner-back position on the All-Star team.

On 23 April 2017, Barrett lined out at right corner-back when Tipperary suffered a 3-21 to 0-14 defeat by Galway in the National League final. On 30 May 2017, it emerged that he had been dropped from the Tipperary senior hurling panel for an "internal issue". It  was later revealed that Barrett had been arrested and charged with assaulting a barman at Hayes' Hotel in Thurles on 27 May 2017, a charge he was later found guilty of.

In October 2017, it was confirmed that Barrett would return to the Tipperary senior hurling panel for the 2018 season after "clear-the-air" talks with the Tipperary management. On 8 April 2018, he was introduced as a 45th-minute substitute for Séamus Kennedy when Tipperary suffered a 2-23 to 2-17 defeat by Kilkenny in the National League final. On 20 September 2018, it emerged that Barrett had been banned from driving for two years after being convicted of being intoxicated while in charge of a car.

On 18 August 2019, Barrett was selected at right corner-back when Tipperary faced Kilkenny in the All-Ireland final. He became embroiled in one of the major talking points of the game when Richie Hogan was red-carded after a head-high tackle on Barrett. He ended the game with a second All-Ireland winners' medal following the 3-25 to 0-20 victory. Barrett ended the season by being named in the left corner-back position on the All-Star team.

Career statistics

Honours
Tipperary
All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship (2): 2016, 2019
Munster Senior Hurling Championship (2):2015, 2016
Waterford Crystal Cup: (1): 2014

Individual
All Stars Young Hurler of the Year: 2014
All Star Award (2): 2016, 2019
The Sunday Game Team of the Year (4): 2014, 2015, 2016, 2019

References

External links
Cathal Barrett profile at the Tipperary GAA website

1993 births
Living people
Holycross-Ballycahill hurlers
Tipperary inter-county hurlers
Alumni of Limerick Institute of Technology


title: Down by the Lazy River

text:
"Down by the Lazy River" is a song written by Alan and Merrill Osmond and performed by The Osmonds, it was produced by Alan Osmond and Michael Lloyd.
"Down By the Lazy River" was released on January 15, 1972 and appeared on the band's 1972 album, Phase III. It was certified Gold by the RIAA on March 24, 1972. In 2021, the song was featured in the South Park episode "South ParQ Vaccination Special".

Chart performance

Weekly charts
It reached No. 4 on the Billboard Hot 100 on March 4, 1972, and spent two weeks at No. 3 on the Cash Box Top 100. It also reached No. 40 on the UK Singles Chart in 1972.  The song reached No. 1 for two weeks in both the Netherlands and Canada.

Year-end charts

The song was ranked No. 36 on Billboard magazine's Top Hot 100 songs of 1972.  Cash Box had it at No. 30 for the year. The song, like almost all of the Osmonds' discography, was largely left out of recurrent rotation as radio stations no longer play the record; of all of the Osmonds' songs, "Down by the Lazy River" fared the worst relative to its popularity at the time.

Certifications

Cover versions
 1973 - The Barron Knights, on the album Barron Knights
 1974 - Society of Seven
 2002 - Montezuma's Revenge
 2002 - Wonderboy, on the compilation album Right to Chews - Bubblegum Classics Revisited
 2007 - Rytterne Röj, a Swedish band

References

1971 songs
1972 singles
Songs about rivers
The Osmonds songs
RPM Top Singles number-one singles
MGM Records singles
Songs written by Alan Osmond
Songs written by Merrill Osmond
Songs written by Wayne Osmond
Song recordings produced by Michael Lloyd


title: Bagman (disambiguation)

text:
A bagman or bag man is a collector of dirty money for organized crime.

Bagman may also refer to:

Bagman (video game), a 1982 French platform arcade game
Bagman, a biochip containing the personality of a fallen comrade in the 2000AD comic Rogue Trooper
Bagman (film), a 2010 film about Jack Abramoff
Sack Man or Bag Man, a bogeyman-figure
Ludo Bagman, a character in J. K. Rowling's Harry Potter series
The Bag Man, a 2014 film
Bag Man (podcast), a 2018 podcast about Spiro Agnew's 1973 bribery and corruption scandal
"Bagman" (Better Call Saul), an episode of the television series Better Call Saul

See also
Bağban (disambiguation)
Bag boy (disambiguation)
Bag lady (disambiguation)


title: Etka Tehran F.C.

text:
Etka Tehran  () was an Iranian football club based in Tehran, Iran. They competed in the Azadegan League.

Football clubs in Tehran


title: Charles Smart Roy

text:
Charles Smart Roy (21 January 1854 - 4 October 1897) was a British professor of pathology who worked at the University of Cambridge.

Roy was born at Arbroath, Forfarshire to Adam Roy, a shipowner. His early education was at his birthplace of Arbroath and later at St. Andrews. He studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh, graduating with distinction in 1875 and joining as a Resident Physician at the Edinburgh Royal Infirmary.

He moved to the Brown Institution in London to conduct research in the physiological aspects of pleuro-pneumonia. During the Turko-Serbian war of 1876 he was in charge of a hospital at Janina in Turkey. After the war he went to Berlin to study under Emil du Bois-Reymond and Rudolf Virchow working on aspects of heart physiology. He obtained an M.D. from Edinburgh with a gold medal. He was invited to the Strasburg Physiological Institute where he worked with F.L. Goltz on blood circulation before moving to Leipzig in 1879 where he worked under Julius Cohnheim.

In 1880 he moved to Cambridge as George Henry Lewes' student, working in the laboratory of Dr. Michael Foster. He taught advanced physiology to students. He succeeded Dr W.S. Greenfield as the director of the Brown Institution.

In 1884 he was elected professor of pathology at the University of Cambridge and Fellow of the Royal Society. He worked with others at the Pathological Laboratory such as Charles Scott Sherrington and several students became eminent pathologists including Ernest Hanbury Hankin, John George Adami and James Lorrain Smith.

He died in Cambridge at the age of 43.

References

1854 births
1897 deaths
People from Arbroath
Alumni of the University of Edinburgh
Scottish pathologists
Fellows of the Royal Society


title: Kowsar Tehran F.C.

text:
Kowsar Tehran  () was an Iranian football club based in Tehran, Iran. They competed in the Azadegan League.

Football clubs in Tehran


title: Group R-GT

text:
In international rallying, Group R-GT (or sometimes Group RGT), is a formula of rally car defined by the FIA for GT cars introduced in 2011. Between 2014 and 2019 technical passports were issued for individual vehicles built by tuners. Since 2020 R-GT cars are required to be homologated by the manufacturer in common with other rally car formulae.

Internationally, R-GT cars compete in the FIA R-GT Cup, which is contested on tarmac rounds of the ERC and WRC. They are also eligible for the World Rally Championship and all the FIA's regional championships.

Technical regulations
The technical regulations are described in 2019 Appendix J, article 256 of the FIA sporting regulations for cars with technical passports. For homologated cars since 2020 the relevant document is 2021 Appendix J, article 256. In both cases the cars must be series production GT cars that must be two-wheel driven. A car with four-wheel drive can be used as a basis but must be transformed into a 2WD version. All cars must be fitted with a restrictor with a diameter determined by the FIA in order to achieve a weight/power ratio of 3.4 kg/hp (4.6 kg/kw, 294bhp/tonne).

History

Lotus Exige R-GT homologation

Lotus presented an R-GT version of their Exige S at the Frankfurt Motor Show 2011, but it wasn't until July 2012 before they achieved FIA homologation for what was the first car to compete in the R-GT category. The competition debut took place at the end of July at Rally Vinho da Madeira, with Portuguese driver Bernardo Sousa driving the car. After posting stage times in the top ten for the first two special stages, the car retired in the third stage because of an accident caused by an electronics glitch. After that, there were no further appearances of the Exige R-GT in international rallies and the homologation period lapsed in 2019.

Technical passports for individual cars
Between 2014 and 2019, the FIA issues technical passports for individual cars that are prepared to comply with the R-GT regulations. The first such appearance was Marc Duez who entered a Porsche 996 GT3 for the 2014 Monte Carlo Rally. He achieved some respectable stage times, but was forced to retire on the last day. At the 2014 Rallye Deutschland, Richard Tuthill entered with a modified Porsche 997 and finished as 27th (of 63 classified), thus realising the first finish of a Porsche at a WRC event since 1986.

FIA R-GT Cup
In 2015 the FIA organised the first international cup for R-GT cars. The first season was competed on five tarmac events of the WRC and ERC: Rallye Monte-Carlo, Ypres Rally, Rallye Deutschland, Rallye International du Valais and Tour de Corse.  The championship was won by François Delecour in a Tuthill-prepared Porsche 997. In 2016 the R-GT cup was not contested due to a lack of participants but interest rose again in 2017 with the introduction of the Abarth 124 R-GT. The first event of the 2017 FIA R-GT Cup, the 2017 Monte Carlo Rally, saw 4 participants in the R-GT category.

Abarth 124 R-GT

At the 2016 Geneva Motor Show the Abarth 124 Spider R-GT car was presented, and later made its debut at the 2017 Monte Carlo Rally. The entrants were François Delecour, Fabio Andolfi and Gabriele Noberasco. Two of the Abarths had to retire, but Noberasco classified second in the R-GT class.

Since 2019 the Abarth Rally Cup has run as a one-make series on selected rounds of the European Rally Championship. Title winners since its inaugural year have been Andrea Nucita (2019), Andrea Mabellini (2020) and Dariusz Poloński (2021).

Alpine A110 R-GT
The Alpine A110 Rally was announced in May 2019 and officially presented during the Rallye Mont-Blanc Morzine (5-7 September 2019). It was homologated by the FIA to Group R-GT specification in July 2020 and remains the only homologated R-GT car as of November 2021.

Champions

FIA R-GT Cup

Other starts in international rallies

Starts in R-GT Cup events are covered by the corresponding R-GT Cup season article and not listed below.

Notes

References

World Rally Championship
Rally groups
Racing car classes


title: Mukerian railway station

text:
Mukerian railway station is located in Hoshiarpur district in the Indian state of Punjab and serves Mukerian .

The railway station
Mukerian railway station is at an elevation of  and was assigned the code – MEX.

History
The line from Jalandhar City to Mukerian city was constructed in 1915. The Mukerian–Pathankot line was built in 1952. The construction of the Pathankot–Jammu Tawi line was initiated in 1965, after the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965, and opened in 1971.

Electrification
Electrification work of the Jalandhar–Jammu line is on. As of 2010–11, around 100 km had been electrified. As of 2013, electrification was expected to be completed in about a year.

References

External links
 Trains at Mukerian

Railway stations in India opened in 1915
Railway stations in Hoshiarpur district
Firozpur railway division


title: Index of drinking establishment–related articles

text:
This is an index of drinking establishment-related articles.

Types of drinking establishment
 Alcohol-free bar
 Australian pub
 Bar
 Beer hall
 Biker bar
 Bloodhouse
 Botequim
 Brewpub
 Cantina
 Cider house
 Cigar bar
 Dance bar
 Desi pub
 Dive bar
 Drinking establishment
 Fern bar
 Gastropub
 Gay bar
 Gothenburg Public House System
 Honky-tonk
 Hookah lounge
 Host and hostess clubs
 Ice bar
 Inn
 Irish pub
 Izakaya
 Juke joint
 Lesbian bar
 Micropub
 Nightclub
 Pub
 Ratskeller
 Roadhouse
 Shebeen
 Sly-grog shop
 Speakeasy
 Tavern
 Tied house
 Tiki bar
 Western saloon

Lists of pubs
 List of award-winning pubs in London
 List of fictional bars and pubs
 List of former public houses and coffeehouses in Boston
 List of pubs in Australia
 List of pubs in Dublin
 List of pubs in London
 List of pubs in Sheffield
 List of pubs in the United Kingdom
 List of pubs named Carpenter Arms
 List of real London pubs in literature
 Pubs and inns in Grantham

Bar terminology
 Bar-back
 Bartender
 Bartending terminology
 Beer engine
 Beer garden
 Cocktail waitress
 Flair bartending
 Happy hour
 Ladies' night
 Last call

Other

A
 Act of Parliament clock
 Alcohol licensing laws of the United Kingdom
 Anti-Saloon League

B

 Beerhouse Act 1830
 Birmingham pub bombings

C

 Campaign for Real Ale
 Cheers (sitcom)
 Classic cocktail

E
 Eire Pub, Dorchester, Massachusetts, visited by presidents and prime ministers and political candidates

G
 The Good Pub Guide
 Guildford pub bombings

I
 Ice luge

J
 J D Wetherspoon

K
 King Street Run

L

 List of microbreweries
 Longest bar in Australia

M
 Microbrewery

N
 National Pub of the Year

P
 Pub chain
 Pub church
 Pub crawl
 Pub Design Awards
 Pub games
 Pub Golf
 Pub names
 Pub Philosophy

 Pub quiz
 Pub rock (Australia)
 Pub rock (United Kingdom)
 Pub song
 Pub token
 Public houses of Montevideo
 Punch Taverns

R
 Rail Ale Ramble

S

 SantaCon
 Six o'clock swill
 Skeptics in the Pub
 Stonegate Pub Company

W
 World of Pub (sitcom)
 The World's End (film)

Z
 Zombie Pub Crawl

See also
 Alcoholic beverage
 Beer and breweries by region
 Cocktail
 Drinking culture
 Drinking game
 List of alcoholic beverages
 List of bartenders
 List of cocktails
 List of drinking games
 Mixed drinks

External links

List
Drinking establishments
Drinking culture
Hospitality industry


title: HD 220773

text:
HD 220773 is a 7th-magnitude star approximately 165 light years away in the constellation of Pegasus.

The survey in 2015 have ruled out the existence of any additional stellar companions at projected distances from 31 to 337 astronomical units.

Planetary system
The star is orbited by an exoplanet discovered in 2012. It is around 1.45 times the mass of Jupiter, orbiting very eccentric orbit with semimajor axis of around 5 AU and taking 10.2 years to complete an orbit. If additional inner terrestrial planets do exist in HD 220773 system, these must have eccentric orbits for planetary system to remain stable.

References

Durchmusterung objects
220773
115697
Pegasus (constellation)
Planetary systems with one confirmed planet
G-type main-sequence stars
J23262744+0838376


title: Rossall Point Observation Tower

text:
Rossall Point Observation Tower is an observation tower in Fleetwood, Lancashire, England. The four-storey  tower was completed in March 2013. It is also used as a beacon and was designed by Studio Three Architects.

Located on the sand dunes between Cleveleys and Fleetwood, the tower's second floor is a base for the National Coastwatch Institution and its top level provides an open observation deck on its top level for the general public and bird watchers. With views over the Lakeland fells out across Morecambe Bay and the Irish Sea, it is part of Wyre Council's project Sea Change, a £2.1 million redevelopment product. It provides a 360° panorama.

The four-storey tower replaces the old observation tower which was no longer fit for purpose. The older tower was a coastguard tower built in 1948 which also provided a public viewing platform. In December 2011, the Orange mast next to the tower was removed. The roof of the old tower (viewing platform) was moved in early 2012 and the remains of the tower were converted into a toilet. Work on the new tower officially began in February 2012.

The ground floor gallery is used as an education facility by Wyre Council's Coast and Countryside Rangers. A camera at the top of the tower shows pictures which are then shown on a screen in the education facility for those unable to climb to the top floor.

Councillor Gordon McCann, cabinet member with responsibility for economic development at Wyre Council, called the tower "distinctive" with "stunning" "views".

It is one of two observation towers with views over the Lancashire coastline, alongside Blackpool Tower; formerly, Morecambe was home to Morecambe Tower and the Polo Tower.

References

Observation towers in the United Kingdom
Towers in Lancashire
Tourist attractions in Lancashire
Towers completed in 2012
Buildings and structures in Fleetwood


title: Anne Floriet

text:
Anne Floriet (born 1 June 1963) is a successful French paralympic athlete in the Biathlon.

Life
Floriet was born in 1963 and was found to have Ollier disease which is a non hereditary disease that effects bone structure.

Floriet competed at the 1998 and the 2002 Paralympics and as a result was chosen to be the flag bearer at next Paralympics.

In 2006 on the 11 March she won a Paralympic gold medal in the 12.5 km biathlon at the Games in Turin. Floriet also won two bronze medals at the shorter biathlon event and the 10 km skiing event.

References

External links

Paralympic gold medalists for France
Paralympic bronze medalists for France
Paralympic cross-country skiers for France
Paralympic biathletes for France
1963 births
Living people
Medalists at the 2006 Winter Paralympics
Medalists at the 1998 Winter Paralympics
French female biathletes
Paralympic medalists in biathlon
Biathletes at the 2006 Winter Paralympics
20th-century French women


title: Grant Anderson (rugby league, born 1969)

text:
Grant Anderson (born 21 February 1969) is a former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1980s and 1990s. He played at club level for Castleford (two spells), and Halifax.

Playing career

Challenge Cup Final appearances
Grant Anderson played  in Castleford's 12-28 defeat by Wigan in the 1992 Challenge Cup Final during the 1991–92 season at Wembley Stadium, London on Saturday 2 May 1992, in front of a crowd of 77,386.

County Cup Final appearances
Grant Anderson played  in Castleford's 12-33 defeat by Leeds in the 1988 Yorkshire Cup Final during the 1988–89 season at Headingley, Leeds on Sunday 16 October 1988, and played at  in the 11-8 victory over Wakefield Trinity in the 1990 Yorkshire Cup Final during the 1990–91 season at Elland Road, Leeds on Sunday 23 September 1990.

Regal Trophy Final appearances
Grant Anderson played at  and scored a try in Castleford Tigers' 33-2 victory over Wigan in the 1993–94 Regal Trophy Final during the 1993–94 season at Headingley, Leeds on Saturday 22 January 1994.

Representative career
Grant Anderson made four appearances for Great Britain under-21s between 1989 and 1990.

Club career
Grant Anderson made his début for Castleford in the 44-8 victory over Widnes on 18 March 1987, he signed for Castleford for a second-time from Halifax on Monday 26 February 1996.

References

External links

Memory Box Search at archive.castigersheritage.com

1969 births
Living people
Castleford Tigers players
English rugby league players
Great Britain under-21 national rugby league team players
Halifax R.L.F.C. players
Place of birth missing (living people)
Rugby league centres