title: Justin Mortelliti

text:
Justin Mortelliti (born August 30, 1980 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) is an American actor, singer/songwriter and recording artist.

Early life
Mortelliti was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. His family moved to Washington Township, Gloucester County, New Jersey in 1982, where he spent his childhood with his mother, Marilyn Mortelliti, father, Nicholas Mortelliti, older brother, Gregory and younger brother Adam.  He was raised Roman Catholic and graduated from Washington Township High School in 1998. Mortelliti began studying violin at the age of 8 and was also a competitive gymnast most of his childhood. Mortelliti's first theatrical experience was in a D.A.R.E. to keep kids off drugs program assembly, where he was chosen by his 5th grade teacher to play the victim of a drug overdose. Upon entering middle school at Orchard Valley Middle School, Justin became drawn to musical theater, appearing on stage as a Dodo Bird in Alice in Wonderland, The Lion in The Wizard of Oz and Aladdin in Aladdin. In 8th grade, Justin auditioned for the role of Oliver in a local theater's production of the musical and won the title role. From there he moved on to his first professional theatrical performances at The Ritz Theatre when he appeared in Oliver, Gypsy and Oklahoma. Justin continued performing throughout high school in musicals and plays including, Bye Bye Birdie (as Randolph Macafee), The Pirates of Penzance (Frederic), Leader of the Pack (Jeff Barry) and Grease (Danny Zuko) and joined a local summer theater group called The Gloucester County Summer Drama Workshop. Around this time, Justin began writing music for fun. In 1996, a local talent agent spotted Justin in one of the school plays, and he began auditioning professionally, leaving school on a regular basis to board a Greyhound bus to NYC for auditions.

Mortelliti was accepted into the acting conservatory Mason Gross School of the Arts at Rutgers University, where he earned his BFA in acting and theater arts. He also studied in London, England at The London Academy of Theater.

Personal life
Mortelliti is married to fellow actor Mark Evans and together they have one child, a daughter, Larsen Jean.

Career
In New York City, Mortelliti appeared  in Final Play at The Sanford Meisner Theater and played the role of Pippin in NewArt Theater Company's Production of the musical. Mortelliti briefly performed with the improv-comedy troop ‘The Grown-Up Playground’.

In Los Angeles, he appeared in Happy Days: The Musical at The Falcon Theatre, under the direction of Garry Marshall, Twist at The Avery Schreiber Theatre, and The House of Yes (Marty) with Priscilla Barnes at Stage 52. Mortelliti originated the role of Porter in the world premier of the new musical The Bedroom Window at The Odyssey Theatre, for which he won a StageScene LA Award for Outstanding performance by a lead actor/musical. In 2008, Mortelliti played the role of Roger in the West Coast Regional Premier of the rock musical RENT. He then originated the role of Dylan Klebold in The Columbine Project, which transferred to an Off-Broadway theater in NYC for which he won an Artistic Director's Achievement award for Best Lead Actor in a Play. He also originated the role of Jared in the World Premier play Expecting to Fly at The Elephant Theatre in Los Angeles, which he was runner-up to Alfred Molina for a Ticket Holder Award - Best Actor in a Play. Mortelliti performed with the Los Angeles-based 'For the Record' appearing in their productions of Boogie Nights and Scorsese: American Crime Requiem which premiered at The Wallis in Beverly Hills in 2016. He played the role of Drew in the original Las Vegas cast of Rock of Ages, which opened in 2012. Mortelliti appeared on Broadway in the original cast of 'Escape to Margaritaville' which opened in March 2018 and later that year starred opposite Dove Cameron as Christian in The New Group's production of Clueless: The Musical Off-Broadway. Justin originated the role of Mr. Darcy in the new musical Pride and Prejudice in December 2019, at Theatreworks Silicon Valley, and was nominated Best Lead Actor in a Musical for the San Francisco Bay Area Critics Circle Awards.

Awards and nominations
Mortelliti originated the role of Dylan Klebold in the Off-Broadway, World Premier of the play ‘The Columbine Project’ in 2009 for which he won an Artistic Director's Achievement Award – Best Lead Actor in a Drama.

Mortelliti was nominated for Best Lead Actor in a Musical for his performance in the role of Mr. Darcy in 'Pride and Prejudice' at the San Francisco Bay Area Critics Circle Awards.

Music

Justin was discovered singing at a local mall by manager and producer Sam Riddle who was putting together a boy band called Nxt Level (originally called Groove). Justin performed with the group and recorded a partial album with producers Alain Bertoni and Cristian Hamm in Cologne, Germany. This was his first experience as a recording artist.

Justin also toured the US and Canada as the lead singer of Kidz Bop Live in the summer of 2008.

He released his first solo EP, ‘The Fall and Rise’ on January 1, 2007. ‘The Fall and Rise’ was recorded with producers John DeGrazio and Andrew Manzano. His song ‘The Fall’ was featured in the independent film ‘Dog Tags’ (TLA Releasing) and as the theme song for the webseries ‘Gossip Boy’. And his song ‘You Amaze Me’ was featured in the film ‘Eating Out: The Open Weekend’ (2011). In January 2013, ‘The Fall’ began spinning on regular rotation on 99.7 FM The Highway Vibe in and around Las Vegas and parts of Nevada, Arizona, and Southern California.

Mortelliti released two singles with singer Shannon Hunt under the pop duo Stefi & Pepper, ‘Big Hair’ on December 2, 2010 and ‘I Want Your Love’ on October 12, 2012.

Mortelliti was on the original cast recording for  the rock musical ‘The Bedroom Window’ which was released on August 28, 2012.

Mortelliti's 2nd solo EP, ‘The Prince of April’ was released in the summer of 2014 and produced by Bryan McAdams. The first single, ‘My Silver’ was released on June 10, 2014 and began getting radio play that same month. The song ‘Try’ from the EP was recorded with Jenny Delich (Delish) who appeared on the MTV reality series ‘The Real World: Explosion’ in 2014.

Mortelliti has released music videos for his songs ‘The Fall’ and ‘Know That I’ from the EP ‘The Fall and Rise’ and ‘My Silver’ from the EP ‘The Prince of April’. With Stefi & Pepper, Mortelliti has released music videos for the single ‘Big Hair’ and a cover of the Pink and Steven Tyler duet, ‘Misery’.

Justin performed in a concert with the band ‘Foreigner’ singing lead vocals with Kelly Hanson at The Venetian in Las Vegas.

Film

Mortelliti has been in a number of independent films including Baptism (1998), Not the End of the World (2007), Queerspiracy! (2007), Negotiations (2007) where he was nominated at The Method Film Festival for Best Actor, Dog Tags (2007), The Lost Tribe (2009), Matchup (2011), Batman: Puppet Master (2012), Rehab (2012), Jew (2012), Casting (2013), and Fever (2022).

Mortelliti did the voice over and motion picture capture for the role of Clint aka Henry in the Video Game Bully

Mortelliti played the role of Zack in the sequel to The Collector (2009), the Major Motion Picture The Collection starring Josh Stewart and Emma Fitzpatrick and directed by Marcus Dunstan, which was released in theaters in 2012.

TV

Mortelliti has appeared in guest roles in the CBS TV series Numb3rs with Judd Hirsch and David Krumholtz in an episode called ‘Hot Shot’ which originally aired in 2006, the TV series  M.A.S.H. in 2012,

He appeared as a member of the band of Victoria Justice in an episode of Nickelodeon's Victorious called ‘Tori Goes Platinum' that aired in 2012.

In 2017, Mortelliti appeared in guest roles in the Netflix TV series Orange is the New Black and a recurring role in 2018 in AMC's Turn: Washington's Spies.

In 2020, Mortelliti appeared in a guest starring role in the Lionsgate's Spectrum Original Series Manhunt: Lone Wolf. He also played the role of Mr. Darcy in Pride and Prejudice: A New Musical

In 2021, Mortelliti appeared in a guest starring role in the CBS series NCIS: New Orleans

References

External links

1980 births
Living people
21st-century American male actors
American male video game actors
American gay actors
American gay musicians
Male actors from New Jersey
People from Washington Township, Gloucester County, New Jersey
Washington Township High School (New Jersey) alumni
20th-century American LGBT people
21st-century American LGBT people


title: Tanah Merah Constituency

text:
Tanah Merah Constituency was a constituency in Singapore. It was created in 1980 by merging parts of Bedok and Changi constituencies. In 1988, it was abolished and merged into Bedok Group Representation Constituency.

Member of Parliament

Elections

Elections in the 1980s

References

Singaporean electoral divisions
Bedok


title: Thomson Single Member Constituency

text:
Thomson Single Member Constituency was a constituency in Singapore. The constituency was formed in 1959 and was abolished in 1991

History
In 1959, the Thomson Constituency was formed. In 1988, it was renamed as Thomson Single Member Constituency as part of Singapore's political reforms. In 1991, it was abolished and merged into Thomson Group Representation Constituency.

Members of Parliament

Elections

Elections in 1950s

References

Singaporean electoral divisions


title: Christopher W. LeValley

text:
Christopher W. LeValley (April 19, 1833 – January 4 1916), (also known as Christopher Warren LeValley and C.W. LeValley) was the co-founder, president, general manager and chairman of the board of directors of Chain Belt Company of Milwaukee, Wisconsin. He invented the chain belt mixer.

During his career, LeValley was granted over 100 patents for agricultural implements, detachable chain belts, and other mechanical devices.

LeValley was inducted into the Wisconsin Industrial Hall of Fame on August 9, 1966.

References

1833 births
1916 deaths
Businesspeople from Milwaukee
19th-century American businesspeople


title: Hector Boyes

text:
Rear Admiral Hector George Boyes,  (20 February 1881 – 23 October 1960) was an officer of the Royal Navy.

Background, early career, and World War I
Boyes was born in 1881 at Plymouth, the son of a naval officer, Sir George Boyes; he entered the service shortly before his fourteenth birthday. He saw action in the Boxer Rebellion in 1901 as a midshipman, and the following year was an acting sub-lieutenant when he was posted to the battleship HMS Majestic, flagship of the Commander-in-Chief of the Channel Squadron. He was promoted to lieutenant on 15 September 1902, while serving on the Majestic.

By the outbreak of World War I, he was thirty-three years old, and the Flag Lieutenant to the Commander-in-Chief of the China Station.
In 1915, Lieutenant-Commander Boyes was assigned to command the gunboat  in the East Africa Campaign. In the subsequent fighting, he was mentioned in dispatches seven times, and earned the Order of St Michael and St George and the Portuguese Order of Aviz.

Shore appointments and diplomatic duties
In 1919, Commander Boyes, now 38 years old, married Eleonora Bille de Falsen, a twenty-year-old half-Norwegian, half-Danish, the daughter of Henrik Anton Falsen, the Consul General of the Russian Port of Archangel, and Ida Bille. They met in Archangel and had one child, Reginald George Hector Boyes (b 1928). From January 1920 to December 1921 he commanded  on the China station. Subsequently, he was promoted to captain, commanding the Australian naval academy at Flinders, the British squadron in the Persian Gulf, and the shore base at Simon's Town in South Africa, before being appointed Chief of Staff to the Commander-in-Chief, The Nore.

Captain Boyes took retirement with the rank of rear admiral in 1934, but he was subsequently appointed as a naval attaché with the temporary rank of captain, serving in Oslo, where he was involved in obtaining an important dossier of German military blueprints which became known as the Oslo Report.

Admiral Boyes continued in the diplomatic service during World War II, serving as attaché in Tokyo until the outbreak of the Pacific War, and then at various embassies in Latin America. He retired for a second time on 31 March 1947, and died in 1960.

References

Sources
 Brief biography at the Liddell Hart Centre for Military Archives:
 Medal collection and biographical sketch:
 Genealogical information:

1881 births
1960 deaths
Royal Navy admirals
Royal Navy personnel of the Boxer Rebellion
Royal Navy officers of World War I
British expatriates in Norway
Royal Navy admirals of World War II
Companions of the Order of St Michael and St George
Companions of the Order of the Indian Empire
Recipients of the Order of Aviz
Military personnel from Plymouth, Devon
British naval attachés


title: Leng Kee Single Member Constituency

text:
Leng Kee Single Member Constituency was a constituency in Singapore. In 1972, Leng Kee Constituency was formed by carving out from Bukit Merah Constituency. In 1988, it was renamed as Leng Kee Single Member Constituency (SMC) as part of Singapore's political reforms. The SMC was merged into Tanjong Pagar Group Representation Constituency in 1997.

Member of Parliament

Elections

Elections in 1970s

References

Singaporean electoral divisions
Bukit Merah


title: 29th Yokohama Film Festival

text:
The  was held on 3 February 2008 in Kannai Hall, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.

Awards
 Best Film: I Just Didn't Do It
 Best Actor: Ryō Kase – I Just Didn't Do It
 Best Actress: Eriko Sato – Funuke Show Some Love, You Losers!
 Best Supporting Actor: Masatoshi Nagase – Funuke Show Some Love, You Losers!
 Best Supporting Actress: Hiromi Nagasaku – Funuke Show Some Love, You Losers!
 Best Director: Masayuki Suo – I Just Didn't Do It
 Best New Director: Daihachi Yoshida – Funuke Show Some Love, You Losers!
 Best Screenplay: Satoko Okudera – Talk Talk Talk, Kaidan
 Best Cinematography: Masakazu Ato – Funuke Show Some Love, You Losers!
 Best New Talent
Kii Kitano – Kōfuku na Shokutaku
Yui Aragaki – Koi Suru Madori, Waruboro, Koizora
Kaho – A Gentle Breeze in the Village
 Special Prize: Shiho Fujimura (Career)

Best 10
 I Just Didn't Do It
 A Gentle Breeze in the Village
 Talk Talk Talk
 Funuke Show Some Love, You Losers!
 Summer Days with Coo
 Tama Moe
 Dog in a Sidecar
 Hito ga Hito o Aisurukoto no Doushiyoumonasa
 Happily Ever After
 Yunagi City, Sakura Country
runner-up. Sukiyaki Western Django
 Welcome to the Quiet Room

References

Yokohama Film Festival
Y
Y
2008 in Japanese cinema
February 2008 events in Japan


title: Bukit Merah Single Member Constituency

text:
Bukit Merah Single Member Constituency was a constituency in Singapore. It existed from 1959 to 1997, when it was merged with Leng Kee division of the Tanjong Pagar GRC.

Member of Parliament

Elections

Elections in 1950s

Elections in 1960s

Elections in 1970s

Elections in 1980s

Elections in 1990s

References

Singaporean electoral divisions
Bukit Merah


title: Grappamiel

text:
Grappamiel or Grapamiel is a mixed alcoholic beverage popular in Uruguay containing grappa, spirits obtained from various grains plus honey and water. In agreements with the European Union, the drink is a food protected by geographical indications. The definition is provided by CONSULTA Nº 4.548 of the Uruguay Government.

Preparation
The process includes distillate of the bagasse and lees of grapes and grains which is then mixed with natural honey, water and sugar. Grappamiel contains between 20% and 25% alcohol by volume. The name come from Italian GRAPPA ( distilled liquor )  and Miele ( honey ) being many Uruguayan of Italian origin.

Serving
It is enjoyed principally in bars served in a classic 25cl copa. Because it is a strong drink, it is popular with Uruguayan street musicians in the winter, and is traditionally drunk before taking the stage in the summer.

During hot weather, it is customary to take it in a tall 30cl glass with plenty of ice cubes.

In the past two decades, some cocktail bars have mixed the drink with a variety of flavors, for example:

 Chocolate
 Coffee
 Lemon
 Mint
 Blueberry
 Peanuts
 Strawberry
 Orange
 Vanilla

References

Latin American cuisine
Uruguayan alcoholic drinks


title: Rhodes (singer)

text:
David Rhodes, stagename Rhodes (stylised RHODES, born 1988), is an English singer and songwriter from Baldock, Hertfordshire, England. He released his debut EP Raise Your Love on Hometown Records in October 2013 and released his second EP Morning on Rhodes Music on 12 May 2014. His debut album Wishes was released on 18 September 2015.

Music career

2013: Early career and Raise Your Love EP
Rhodes's music began to spread early 2013 when his demo track "Always" was playlisted on Amazing Radio and then picked up plays from BBC Radio 1. Following a period supporting Rufus Wainwright, Laura Marling and Nick Mulvey in the UK, his debut EP Raise Your Love was released on Phil Taggart's label Hometown Records in October 2013.

2014: Morning EP and live performances
On 12 March 2014, Rhodes released the song "Your Soul" – which was premiered by Zane Lowe on BBC Radio 1 as his 'Next Hype' – taken from his second EP 'Morning' released on 11 May 2014.
On this EP, Rhodes recorded alongside Ian Grimble and Tim Bran/Roy Kerr, producers who have been previously working with the likes of London Grammar and Daughter.

In March and April 2014, Rhodes completed his first UK headline tour, including 3 sold out gigs at London's Sebright Arms on 8, 9 & 10 April 2014. He supported London Grammar on their UK tour (including one of the O2 Academy Brixton Academy shows) as well as Sam Smith in the UK (at the Roundhouse) and in Europe (Amsterdam and Paris).
Rhodes also performed at BBC Radio 1 Big Weekend in Glasgow on the BBC Introducing stage on 25 May and at the Glastonbury Festival on 29 June on the Rabbit Hole stage.

2015–present: Wishes
On 26 June 2015, he played at the Park Stage at Glastonbury Festival. In July, the first single to be taken from his album Wishes , "Close your Eyes", charted at 85 on the UK Singles Chart. A week before the release of his debut album, Rhodes released a duet with Birdy, "Let It All Go". It charted in many countries and is his most successful single to date. He then released Wishes, which peaked at 24 on the UK Albums Chart.

Rhodes featured on Kygo's debut studio album Cloud Nine, providing the vocals for the track "Not Alone".

On 9 June 2017, he released the single, "Sleep Is a Rose", and the music video for the song, which was recorded live, was released the same day on the Rhodes Vevo channel on YouTube. The song came to him one sleepless night in the Lake District. He was lying awake in a small cottage when he came up with the song. On 23 March he released a collaboration with German DJ Alle Farben of a cover of American country music duo Florida Georgia Line's song "H.O.L.Y.".

In January 2023 Rhodes released his digital format album "Friends Like These"  which he said he wrote from dreams and conversations with friends during the lockdown days of the Coronavirus disease (Covid-19) pandemic.

Discography

Albums

Extended plays

Singles

References

External links

  on Last.FM

1988 births
Living people
English male singer-songwriters
English singer-songwriters
21st-century English singers
Ministry of Sound artists
21st-century British male singers


title: Diana Mórová

text:
Diana Mórová (born 18 February 1970) is a Slovak film and stage actress. Among other, she is the holder of two OTO Awards.

Tanec snov
In 2015 she was part of dancing competition Tanec snov where she was paired with dancer Andrej Krížik.

Awards

References
General

Specific

External links

 Diana Mórová at SND
 Diana Mórová at ČSFd

 Diana Mórová at KinoBox
 Diana Mórová at SFd

1970 births
Living people
Actors from Bratislava
Slovak stage actresses
Slovak film actresses
Slovak television actresses
21st-century Slovak actresses


title: Bukit Batok Single Member Constituency

text:
Bukit Batok Single Member Constituency (SMC) is a single member constituency in Bukit Batok of Singapore. It used to exist from 1972 to 1988 as Bukit Batok Constituency and was renamed as Bukit Batok Single Member Constituency (SMC) as part of Singapore's political reforms. The current Member of Parliament for the constituency  is People's Action Party (PAP) Murali Pillai.

History
In 1972, the constituency was formed from merging parts of Bukit Timah, Chua Chu Kang and Bukit Panjang constituencies and was known as Bukit Batok Constituency.

In 2016, incumbent PAP MP, David Ong, resigned due to personal reasons and a by-election was called to replace the empty seat. On 7 May, Murali Pillai won the Bukit Batok by-election against Singapore Democratic Party (SDP) secretary-general, Chee Soon Juan with a vote count of 61.2% to 38.8%.

Members of Parliament

Electoral results

Elections in 1970s

Elections in 1980s

Elections in 1990s

Elections in 2010s

Elections in 2020s

References

2015 establishments in Singapore
Singaporean electoral divisions


title: Telok Ayer Constituency

text:
Telok Ayer Constituency was a constituency in Singapore. It existed from 1951 to 1988.

Member of Parliament

Elections

Elections in the 1950s

Historical maps

References

Singaporean electoral divisions
Raffles Place
Tanjong Pagar


title: 30th Yokohama Film Festival

text:
The  was held on 1 February 2009 in Kannai Hall, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.

Awards
 Best Film: Yōjirō Takita – Departures
 Best Actor: Kaoru Kobayashi – Kyūka and Kanki no Uta
 Best Actress: Eiko Koike – The Kiss
 Best Supporting Actor: Hidetoshi Nishijima – Kyūka, Tōnan Kadobeya Nikai no Onna, Oka o Koete
 Best Supporting Actress:
Ryōko Hirosue – Departures
Kimiko Yo – Departures, Maboroshi no Yamataikoku, Oka o Koete
 Best Director: Yōjirō Takita – Departures
 Best New Director: Yoshitaka Mori – Hyaku Hachi
 Best Screenplay: Kunitoshi Manda and Tamami Manda – The Kiss
 Best Cinematographer: Akiko Ashizawa – Tokyo Sonata, Kimi no Tomodachi, Shiawase no Kaori
 Best New Talent:
Riisa Naka – Cafe Isobe
Anna Ishibashi – Kimi no Tomodachi
Sarara Tsukifune – Sekai de Ichiban Utsukushii Yoru
 Special Jury Prize: Yoshitaka Mori – Hatsuratsu to Shite Suteki na Yokohama Eiga no Tanjō ni

Best 10
 Departures
 Gururi no koto
 Still Walking
 Children of the Dark
 United Red Army
 The Kiss
 Tokyo Sonata
 Climber's High
 Kimi no Tomodachi
 Kyūka
runner-up. One Million Yen Girl

References

Yokohama Film Festival
Yokohama Film Festival
Yokohama Film Festival
2009 in Japanese cinema
February 2009 events in Japan


title: Bras Basah Constituency

text:
Bras Basah Single Member Constituency was a constituency in Singapore. It existed from 1959 to 1976. It was represented in the Parliament of Singapore by Hoe Puay Choo from 1959 to 1963 then by Ho See Beng from 1963 to 1976.

In 1976, the constituency was absorbed into Khe Bong Single Member Constituency, which is located at Toa Payoh. 4,301 voters has been moved out of Bras Basah into Toa Payoh. The remaining residents who continue to stay at Bras Basah will be split. 2,456 voters will go to Telok Ayer whereas 3,921 voters will go to Kampong Glam.

Member of Parliament

Elections

Elections in 1950s

Elections in 1960s

Elections in 1970s

References

Singaporean electoral divisions


title: Inchang High School

text:
Inchang High School (), also known as Inchang-Go() or Seoul Inchang-Go() is one of the oldest private high schools in Seoul, South Korea founded in 1922.

References
 Official Website

High schools in Seoul
Seodaemun District
Private schools in South Korea
Educational institutions established in 1922
1922 establishments in Korea


title: 2001 Asian Beach Volleyball Championships

text:
The 2001 Asian Beach Volleyball Women's Championship or the 2001 Nestea Asian Beach Volleyball Women's Championship for sponsorship reasons, was a beach volleyball event, that was held from March 30 to April 1, 2001 in Pasay, Philippines. The event serves as the second edition of the Asian Beach Volleyball Championship. The tournament was held at the Cultural Center of the Philippines Complex.

Medal summary

Participating nations

 (2)
 (2)
 (2)
 (2)
 (3)
 (1)
 (3)
 (2)

Tournament

References

Asian Championships
Beach volleyball
Beach volleyball
Asian Beach Volleyball Championship


title: LIT Verlag

text:
LIT Verlag is a German academic publisher founded in 1980.  Its managing director is Wilhelm Hopf. Its principal place of publication is Münster; further publishing offices are located in Berlin, Vienna, Hamburg, London, Zurich, and New York City. It publishes approximately 800 books per year.  It generally publishes in the areas of theology, social sciences, humanities, economics, political science.

References

Book publishing companies of Germany
1980 establishments in West Germany


title: Enrique Galán

text:
Enrique Galán Bayarri (born 6 April 1946) is a Spanish retired footballer who played as a striker. He spent the most of his career associated with Real Oviedo, which he represented for ten seasons.

References

1946 births
Living people
Footballers from Valencia
Spanish men's footballers
Men's association football forwards
La Liga players
Segunda División players
Segunda División B players
Valencia CF Mestalla footballers
CD Alcoyano footballers
CD Badajoz players
Real Oviedo players
Getafe Deportivo players
Spain men's international footballers


title: Morrow Group

text:
The Morrow Group was a geologic group in Arkansas that is now abandoned and replaced by the Bloyd Formation and the Hale Formation. It preserves fossils dating back to the Pennsylvanian period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Arkansas
 Paleontology in Arkansas

References

References

Carboniferous System of North America
Geologic groups of Arkansas


title: Aggrey Road

text:
Aggrey Road is a major east-west arterial road located within the Old Township district in South Port Harcourt in Rivers State, Nigeria. It is well known for its growing economic activity and consists of predominantly commercial office buildings and retail outlets, only a small number of churches and educational establishments can be found on this road.

Prominent landmarks include the Port Harcourt Cemetery, former office block of Ken Saro-Wiwa, St. Mary's Catholic Church and the Post Office.

Education
Banham Primary School
St Mary's Catholic School

Points of interest
A branch of Finbank
A branch of Keystone Bank
A branch of Sterling Bank
A branch of Skye Bank
A branch of United Bank for Africa

References

Geography of Port Harcourt
Economy of Port Harcourt


title: Ciprian Cezar Tudorascu

text:
Ciprian Cezar Tudorascu (born 17 August 1979) is a Romanian football coach, currently hold UEFA "A" Coaching Licence, best known for promoting quality football players for national teams from different countries including Raheem Edwards, Romario Benzar, Gabriel Torje, Cristian Daminuta, Silviu Balaure, Dorin Rotariu and many others young talented players who play at this moment in professional teams around the world.

Early life and education
He holds a bachelor's Degree in sports science obtained at West University of Timișoara and he obtained his "B" UEFA license in 2004, and his "A" UEFA license in 2007 to the Romanian Football Federation, and he updated his UEFA certificate in 2014 in Italy at the Italian Football Federation.

Playing career
Born in Timișoara, Tudorascu played at youth level for FC Politehnica Timișoara, FC CFR Timișoara, before persistent knee injuries ended his career at 20 years old in third national league playing for ASU Politehnica Timișoara.

Coaching career
In August 2000 he was appointed coach of FC Srbianka Giuchici Timișoara, one of the best private football schools from West of Romania at the time. In 2005, he moved to Italy and he became the coach of ASDC Fiume Veneto Bannia -Pordenone Calcio (Under 10 and 15 youth teams), the second Romanian coach in Italy at all levels, after the legendary Mircea Lucescu. The Italian mass media call him "successor of Lucescu". In June 2009, Tudorascu returned to his hometown and signed a deal to become the new coach to the Under 14 team at FC Timișoara Academy (ex FC Politehnica Timișoara), in maybe the most glorious period of the club. In August 2011 he finished the contract with FC Timișoara, and immediately started a collaboration with Ernesto Nani, inside the Italian football project "Nuove Frontiere" and in the same time he started a technical collaboration with the Soccer Elite Football Academy from United Kingdom (affiliated Chelsea FC) and he is one of the founders of International Football School at Timișoara. In 2012 receive the opportunity to be part of one of the best youth academies from Germany, VFB Stuttgart. In the summer of 2013, he was appointed Head of Youth Development and Head coach to Atalanta Bergamasca FC (Academy of Atalanta in South Italy- Katane Soccer). After four glorious years, he moves to another continent to give his contribution to the development of football in Asia, signing with Shanghai JuJu Sports F.C.
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Chinese club suspended its contract in 2020.
Starting with October 2021, the experienced coach/manager accepted a new offer from Middle East and he became the new Academy Manager at Winners Football Club who's operating in Bahrain and Saudi Arabia.
His impressive journey continues far from his comfort zone, where he'll certainly leave his mark.

Management style and influence
Mister Tudorascu believes in the Dutch concept of Total Football, insisting that young players should be coached in all aspects of football rather than into specialist positions, helping the team both with or without the ball. It is a system where a player who moves out of his position is replaced by another from his team, thus allowing the team to retain its intended organizational structure. In this fluid system, no footballer is fixed in their intended outfield role. He is also a big fan of 2012 of the new Belgian Football philosophy, which influenced him from that moment. During his coaching career, Mister Tudorascu participate in various activities to important clubs from Europe: Red Star Belgrade, Udinese FC Calcio, Chelsea FC, and Vfb Stuttgart.
His favorite football system is an offensive 1-4-3-3, balanced and very elastic. He is considered by the Italian newspaper Il Gazzettino one of the best football coaches from Europe for young adults, for his methods to manage and lead the teams in and out of the field.

External links
 Ciprian Cezar Tudorascu Official Website

References

 Italy doesn't forget Mister Cezar (Italian)
 Interview for Eurosport 2020 (Romanian)
 Coach Tudorascu about his ex-player Benzar Romario (Romanian)
 Mister Tudorascu torna in Italia (Italian)
 Torneo Franco Gallini Italia (Italian)
 Coach Ciprian Cezar left FC Timisoara (Romanian)
 Coach Tudorascu,the end of story with FC Timisoara (Romanian)
 Mister Ciprian Cezar Tudorascu and the collaboration with Mister Ernesto Nani (Italian)
 Ciprian Tudorascu and his ex-player Benzar Romario (Romanian)
 Ciprian Cezar Tudorascu,ready for Canada experience! (Romanian)
 Scoala de Fotbal International on TV  Romanian)

1979 births
Living people
Romanian football managers
Footballers from Timișoara
West University of Timișoara alumni


title: Isaac Knapp

text:
Isaac Knapp (January 11, 1804 – September 14, 1843) was an American abolitionist printer, publisher, and bookseller in Boston, Massachusetts. He is remembered primarily for his collaboration with William Lloyd Garrison in printing and publishing The Liberator newspaper.

Biography
Knapp was born in Newburyport, Massachusetts, to Philip Coombs Knapp and Abigail Remmick; siblings included Abigail Knapp. In 1825 he was proprietor of the Essex Courant newspaper, published there.

With his friend William Lloyd Garrison he printed the anti-slavery Liberator newspaper, from 1831 to 1839. He also co-founded the New England Anti-Slavery Society. His printing office was located on Congress Street (circa 1831) and then on Cornhill. In 1837, the address of the Boston office of the American Anti-Slavery Society was Knapp's address. (See sidebar.) In later years of the 1830s he ceased printing books, used other printers, and turned his printing office into a bookstore. He frequently used blank pages at the end of the books he published to advertise a large and ever-changing list of abolitionist publications available from him.

Knapp's name disappears from the masthead as printer of The Liberator as of January 1840. In the July 24, 1840, issue, there is an advertisement for the abolitionist printers Dow and Jackson "successors to Isaac Knapp".

We do not have Knapp's story of how and why this happened. Garrison described him as "a most loving, faithful, devoted friend and brother.... He was naturally amiable, kind, and obliging even to excess.... He deserves pity rather than censure, and never can I find it in my breast to say a bitter word of him.... I am not sure that I could have commenced the printing of the Liberator, had it not been for his uniting with me in partnership, and participating in the labors and necessities of my lone situation." However, according to Garrison, "he was altogether too generous...and having no business adaptation, be consequently involved himself deeply in debt while attempting to carry on business. It was thus he became depressed in spirit, and, instead of calmly submitting to the stroke of adversity, vainly sought to find relief from his sorrows (as millions have done before) in the intoxicating bowl." "[H]is disconnexion with the Liberator ...[was] absolutely essential to the existence of the paper."

In 1841 Knapp complained that "he has been deprived of his interest in the Liberator unjustly—that Mr. Garrison and 'a certain rich man' have treated him badly—therefore he intends to print a paper to be called 'Knapp's Liberator'." Only one issue of this paper is known to have been published, on January 8, 1842 (only known copy at the Massachusetts Historical Society).

Works issued by Knapp

Knapp as bookseller
 A catalog of anti-slavery publications sold by Isaac Knapp, published at end of Narrative of Joanna; An Emancipated Slave, of Surinam, 1838.

 Titles listed: Abolition of the Slave Trade, Adams' Letters, Adams' Oration, Adin Ballou's Discourse, Anti-Slavery Catechism, Anti-Slavery Manual, Anti-Slavery Record, Archy Moore, Authentic Anecdotes of American Slavery, Barrows on the Slave Question, Birney's Second Letter, Bourne's Picture, British Apprenticeships, Channing on Slavery, Channing on Texas, Charles Ball, Chloe Spear, Crandall's Trial, Discussion, Dissertation on Servitude, Dresser, Stones' Letters, &c., Enemies of the Constitution Discovered, Evils and Cure, Godwin on Slavery, Granville Sharp, Gustavus Vassa, Important Pamphlet, James Jackson, Jay's Inquiry, Juvenile Poems, Kentucky Address, Lemuel Haynes, Liberty, Memoir of Phillis Wheatley, Miss Beecher Reviewed, Miss Grimke's Appeal, Miss Grimke's Epistle, Mott's Sketches, Mrs. Child's Appeal, Mrs. Stewart's Productions, Objections Answered, Our Liberties in Danger, Phillis Wheatley, Rankin's Letters, Right and Wrong in Boston, Slave Produce, Slave's Friend, Smith's Bible Argument, Songs of the Free, Stanton's Remarks, Stewart's West India Question, Testimony of God Against Slavery, The Fountain, The Generous Planter, The Negro Pew, The Oasis, Thompson at Manchester, Thompson in America, Thompson in G. Britain, Thompson's Lectures and Debates, Valuable Documents, Vigilance Committee, Whittier's Poems, Wilberforce.

 Another listing of anti-slavery books, pamphlets, and newspapers appeared in The Rochester Freeman in 1839.

References

Further reading
  (mentions Knapp)

External links

  (digitized letters)

American publishers (people)
19th-century American newspaper publishers (people)
American abolitionists
American newspaper founders
People from Newburyport, Massachusetts
19th century in Boston
1804 births
1843 deaths
19th-century American journalists
American male journalists
19th-century American male writers
American booksellers
William Lloyd Garrison


title: Zamorano-Leonés

text:
The Zamorano-Leonés is a breed of large domestic donkey from the provinces of Zamora and León, in the autonomous community of Castilla y León, in north-western Spain. The name derives from those of the two provinces.

History

Donkeys in the province of Zamora date back to at least the fifteenth century. The Zamorano donkey was exported to the New World, and was the first Spanish donkey to contribute to the evolution of the North American donkey. From the eighteenth century it appears also to have influenced the development of the French Baudet du Poitou breed.

The Zamorano-Leonés received official recognition in 1940, but the genealogical herd book was not opened until 1998. As with other donkey breeds, the mechanisation of agriculture in the twentieth century led to a decline in numbers and a loss of genetic identity, until only a few breeders continued to raise pure-bred stock. From 1980 the breed was listed by the Ministerio de Agricultura, the Spanish ministry of agriculture, among those enjoying "special protection"; in 1997 it was reclassified as "in danger of extinction". In 2007 its conservation status was listed as "endangered" by the FAO.

A breeders' association, the Asociación Nacional de Criadores de Ganado Selecto de Raza Zamorana-Leonesa, was formed in 1995. At the end of 2013 the registered population was 1292 head, of which about 90% were in Castilla y León.

Characteristics

The Zamorano-Leonés is a large donkey, with a massive head – the breed standard speaks of "manifest acromegaly". Jacks stand on average , and weigh . The coat is long and shaggy, black or dark bay in colour; the belly, muzzle and surround of the eyes are pale-coloured. Jacks were in the past used mainly for the production of large mules for agricultural work.

References

Donkey breeds originating in Spain
Donkey breeds


title: Charneca de Caparica e Sobreda

text:
Charneca de Caparica e Sobreda is a civil parish in the municipality of Almada, Portugal. It was formed in 2013 by the merger of the former parishes Charneca de Caparica and Sobreda. The population in 2011 was 44,929, in an area of 29.31 km2.

References

Parishes of Almada


title: Khasais of Amir Al Momenin

text:
Khasais of Amir Al Momenin () (Characters of the commander of the faithful) or Khasais-e-Ali () is a book on virtues and moral characters of Imam Ali. The book was written by Ahmad Ibn Shoaeib Nisai (died 303 AH). He was concerned in the book with the place of Ali and his relation to Muhammad .

Author
He was born (215 AH) in Nisa, Turkmenistan,   located in Greater Khorasan in ancient times. Nesaei counted as one of the six confident narrators among Sunni in Islam religion. The book of Sunnah (Traditions) written by him, counted as one of the Sihah Settah (Six sources books) among Sunni. Zahabi says that: Nisai is more skillful than other narrators like Termadhi and Moslem.

Motive of writing
Nisai traveled to Damascus in the last years of his life. He saw there that Ali was abused, so he wrote the Khasa'is Ali, to remind people of the virtues of Ali ibn Abi Talib and his standing with the Prophet. This angered the Nasibis, who in return asked him to write a similar book about the virtues of Muawiya ibn Abi Sufyan. He refused, saying that there are no virtues reported about him (and this is the consensus among the scholars of hadith). But the Nasibis replied that there are narrations, so he replied "Only if you mean the Hadith "May Allah not fill his belly!" a hadith in which Muhammad cursed Muawiyah (note: a few Sunni scholars interpret this hadith as a blessing). This angered the Nasibis, so they beat him unconscious. He was transferred to Mecca, where he died reportedly because of the injuries of beatings.

Content
Nisai reported nearly 188 narrations on the character of Imam Ali. Some of the titles of books are as follows:
 Ali As First Muslim and Prayer
 Praying of Ali
 The relation between Ali and Allah
 Ali as most beloved creatures
 Ali As Vali for believers
 Ali is one of the members of the Household of the Holy prophet.

Translation
The book has been translated into the Persian, Indian, Azeri and Urdu languages. Some of them are as follows:
 Translation to Persian by Lahouri: "Haqaeq Ladonni in explaining about the features of Alavi Characters"
 Translation by Najjar Zadegan
Recently Muhammad Kazim Mahmoudi has improved the book by adding more Sunni references.

Publications
The book has been published by various publisher across the globe in different languages. The original book is in Arabic Language.
Khasais-e-Ali by Imam Nasai, Published by: Book corner (2016)
Khasais-E-Ali by Imam Nasai (Urdu Translation), Published by: Darussalam (2007)

References

Khasais-e-Ali by Imam Nasai (Urdu translation)
by Imam Nasai
https://archive.org/details/Khasais-e-aliByImamNasaiurduTranslation
Usage Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0Creative Commons Licensebyncnd
Topics Arabic, Urdu, Ali, Nasai, Hadith
Collection opensource
Language Urdu
Merits of Sayyidina Imam Ali in the Sahih Ahadith, by the great Imam of Hadith Imam Nasai, author of Sunan Nasai
Author: Imam Nasai
Translator: Saaim Chishti
Addeddate 2012-02-12 17:23:58
Identifier Khasais-e-aliByImamNasaiurduTranslation
Identifier-ark ark:/13960/t3709490w
Ocr language not currently OCRable
Page-progression rl
Ppi 600

External links
 http://www.wilayat.net/index.php/en/projects/44-khasais-e-ali-authentication-project/160-introduction-to-khasais-e-ali

Sunni hadith collections
Sunni literature
Works about Ali


title: Juan José Elguézabal

text:
Juan José Elguezábal (1781–1840) was a Spanish and Mexican soldier; and attached inspector of Presidios. He also served as Interim Governor of Coahuila y Tejas between 1834 and 1835. In addition, he served in the Texas Revolution as commander of First Company of Tamaulipas, Mexico; fighting against the separatists of Texas.

Biography
Elguezábal was born in 1781, in San Antonio, Texas to María Gertrudis Jiménez and Juan Bautista Elguézabal; a former Governor of Texas between 1800 and 1805. Elguezábal joined the Spanish Army in his youth and he lived in Coahuila (in the modern day Mexico) for the most of his career. So, he served as the army Captain of the region and the Commander of the Presidio of the Río Grande zone. In addition, Elguézabal also served as an adjutant Inspector in the Coahuila and Texas Presidios, as his father had also done. Eventually, Elguezábal ascended to Colonel.

On August 30, 1834, Elguezábal was appointed Interim Governor of Texas by the City Hall of Monclova, Coahuila. He remained in that position until Agustín Viesca was appointed as new official Governor of Texas, leaving the office on May 12, 1835.

Elguezábal participated in the Texas Revolution, serving as commander of the First Company of Tamaulipas. On December 10, 1835, Elguézabal and the general Martín Perfecto de Cos were captured when the event called the Siege of Bexar was ending. Eventually released, he returned to Matamoros, Mexico; where he lived until his death in 1840.

References

Governors of Spanish Texas
Mexican people of Basque descent
People of Mexican side in the Texas Revolution
1781 births
1840 deaths
19th-century American politicians
Tejano politicians


title: Joyce Green Hospital

text:
Joyce Green Hospital was a hospital near Dartford, Kent, England. It opened in 1903 as an isolation hospital. In later years it was a training hospital. The hospital was closed in 2000 and the buildings were demolished. The greenspace where the hospital used to stand is known as Joyce Green.

Background
The hospital was planned in the late 19th century to accommodate sufferers of smallpox, which had reached epidemic levels in London. It replaced three hospital ships based nearby in Long Reach, Gravesend 15 miles downriver from London Bridge on the Thames. The ships, Atlas,  Endymion and the Castalia, were made fast in 1883 at their new custom built moorings, they were in-line, connected by bridges 150 yard from the riverbank. The ships had become unsuitable for their role due to increasing maintenance costs, the risk of collision from passing ships and the increasing demand for beds for smallpox patients.

History
Designed by the Metropolitan Asylums Board architects A & C Harston, the hospital was built on the former Joyce Green estate, whose area totalled . Planning for the building of the hospital began in 1893.  The building of the hospital was delayed due to disagreements with the Local Government Board over the proposed size. A -gauge tramway connected the pier with the main hospital. It was built in 1893, ahead of the construction of the main buildings. Dick, Kerr & Co. were responsible for some of the work. Horse-drawn trams were used. Initially, second-hand trams were used, converted to 4 ft gauge. As the trams were unsuitable for the hospital, they were replaced in 1908 by a fleet of at least five purpose-built ambulance trams. At its maximum, the tramway extended to . A severe outbreak of smallpox in late 1901 increased the demand for beds. A temporary set of buildings was erected near the River Thames, where a pier would be erected to enable patients to be brought in by boat. This first set of buildings was known as the Long Reach and opened on 27 February 1902. Another set of temporary buildings were erected to the north-west of the main hospital. Known as The Orchard, they opened later in the spring of 1902, providing 664 beds.

The Joyce Green Hospital opened in 1903 with a capacity of 986 beds. From 1907, the Long Reach and Orchard sites housed smallpox patients. The main hospital housing diphtheria and scarlet fever cases, and later also catering for measles and whooping cough patients too. The threat of smallpox had subsided by 1910. During World War I, The Orchard was used as a military hospital, mainly catering for Australian troops. In July 1914, a motor vehicle was trialled for the haulage of the tramcars. Although successful, none could be spared and the idea was dropped.

In June 1918, the hospital housed 1,140 Russian refugees who had been in contact with smallpox. A Talbot ambulance was used to haul two trams at a time in 1924–25. Electric lighting was installed at the hospital in 1926. The Long Reach was maintained in a condition of instant readiness, with a skeleton staff at all times. The original buildings were replaced in 1928–29 by permanent facilities providing 252 beds. In 1930, the hospital came under the control of London County Council. An outbreak of smallpox saw the Long Reach buildings brought into use between 1931 and 1934. The tramway was in use until 1936 and the rails were lifted in 1943.

With the outbreak of the Second World War, the Emergency Medical Scheme was established. Joyce Green Hospital became a general hospital. Between 1944 and 1946, part of the site became a Dutch military hospital. The buildings that formed the Orchard were mostly destroyed by fire during the war. Those that survived were converted to agricultural use.

In 1948, the hospital became a National Health Service hospital. On 31 January 1953, the Long Reach site was nearly flooded due to a storm surge. In the 1950s, the hospital became used as a training ground for fever nurses, due to the existing facilities for treating infectious diseases. The Long Reach site treated its final patients in 1973, and the buildings were demolished two years later to facilitate the construction of a new flood barrier.

After services had been transferred to Darent Valley Hospital, the hospital closed and was demolished in 2000. Joyce Green remains as heathland.

See also
 Healthcare in Kent

References
Citations

Notes
 The three ships were ,  and .

Sources

Hospital buildings completed in 1903
Hospitals in Kent
Borough of Dartford
Buildings and structures demolished in 2000
1903 establishments in England
2000 disestablishments in England
Hospitals disestablished in 2000
Defunct hospitals in England
Tram transport in England
Military hospitals in the United Kingdom
4 ft gauge railways in England


title: Pentremital Limestone Group

text:
The Pentremital Limestone Group is a geologic group in Arkansas. It preserves fossils dating back to the Carboniferous period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Arkansas
 Paleontology in Arkansas

References

Carboniferous Arkansas
Geologic groups of Arkansas
Carboniferous System of North America


title: 2014 Asian Beach Volleyball Championships

text:
The 2014 Asian Beach Volleyball Championship was a beach volleyball event, that was held from June 5 to 8, 2014 in Jinjiang, China.

Medal summary

Participating nations

Men

 (2)
 (3)
 (2)
 (2)
 (2)
 (2)
 (2)
 (2)
 (1)
 (1)
 (2)
 (1)
 (2)

Women

 (2)
 (3)
 (1)
 (2)
 (2)
 (2)
 (1)
 (2)
 (2)

Men's tournament

Preliminary round

Pool E

Pool F

Pool G

Pool H

Pool I

Pool J

Pool K

Pool L

Knockout round

Women's tournament

Preliminary round

Pool A

Pool B

Pool C

Pool D

Knockout round

References

Men's Results
Women's Results

External links
Asian Volleyball Confederation

Asian Championships
Beach volleyball
Beach volleyball
Asian Beach Volleyball Championship


title: Navarro Group

text:
The Navarro Group is a geologic group in Arkansas, Texas and Coahuila, Mexico. It preserves fossils dating back to the Cretaceous period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Arkansas
 Paleontology in Arkansas
 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Texas
 Paleontology in Texas

References

Geologic groups of Arkansas
Geologic groups of Texas
Cretaceous System of North America


title: The Face of Jizo (film)

text:
is a 2004 Japanese war drama film directed by Kazuo Kuroki and starring Rie Miyazawa, Yoshio Harada and Tadanobu Asano. It is based on the play of the same name by Hisashi Inoue. It was the 3rd and final film of Kazuo Kuroki's War Requiem trilogy, following Tomorrow (1988) and A Boy's Summer in 1945 (2002)

The story follows a young woman, a survivor of the atomic bombing of Hiroshima, and her attempts to forge a relationship with a young man while mourning the death of her father in the atomic bombing.

Plot
Three years after the atomic bombing, young librarian Mitsue lives alone, plagued by guilt and sorrow over the death in the bombing of her father, who was her only living relative. One day, a young man, Masa, visits her library to study and find the morgue of the atomic bombing. Mitsue and the young man find themselves attracted to each other, but Mitsue fears that her grief for her father will not permit her to be happy. When she tries to break things off with Masa, she is visited by the ghost of her father, who encourages her to embrace life and pursue her budding romance with the young man.

Cast
 Rie Miyazawa as "Mitsue Fukuyoshi", a young lady.
 Yoshio Harada as "Takezo Fukuyoshi", a ghost of Mitsue's father.
 Tadanobu Asano as "Masa Kinoshita", a young man.

Awards
 2004, 28th Yamaji Fumiko Film Award to Kazuo Kuroki and 18th Yamaji Fumiko Actress Award to Rie Miyazawa by Yamaji Fumiko Cultural Foundation
 2004 Nikkan Sports Film Award - Best Director to Kazuo Kuroki
 2004 Hochi Film Award - Best Supporting Actor to Yoshio Harada
 2004 Asahi Best Film Festival - 2nd Prize of Japanese Film
 2004 Kinema Junpo -  Best Actress to Rie Miyazawa
 2004 Kinema Junpo - 4th Prize of Japanese Film
 2004 Mainichi Film Award - Best Director to Kazuo Kuroki
 2004, 47th Blue Ribbon Awards - Best Actress to Rie Miyazawa
 2004 Japanese Film Pen Club Award - 1st Prize of Japanese Film
 2005 Yokohama Film Festival - Special Prize to Kazuo Kuroki; 6th best film

References

2004 films
2000s war drama films
Films about the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
Japanese films based on plays
Films directed by Kazuo Kuroki
Films set in the 1940s
Films set in Hiroshima
Films shot in Hiroshima
Japanese war drama films
2004 drama films
Japanese World War II films
2000s Japanese films


title: 1836 in Scotland

text:
Events from the year 1836 in Scotland.

Incumbents

Law officers
 Lord Advocate – John Murray
 Solicitor General for Scotland – John Cunninghame

Judiciary
 Lord President of the Court of Session – Lord Granton
 Lord Justice General – The Duke of Montrose until 30 December (separate office abolished on his death)
 Lord Justice Clerk – Lord Boyle

Events
 17 May – Arbroath and Forfar Railway authorised.
 19 May – Dundee and Arbroath Railway authorised.
 June – 17 miniature coffins of unknown provenance are found in a cave on Arthur's Seat in Edinburgh.
 1 July – North of Scotland Bank (a constituent of Clydesdale Bank) established in Aberdeen by Alexander Anderson and others.
 16 July – the brig Mariner leaves Loch Eriboll on the north coast for Cape Breton Island and Quebec in British North America with 154 emigrants, mostly from the nearby Reay district.
 30 July – Savings Bank of Glasgow established.
 7 August – St Andrew's Cathedral, Dundee (Roman Catholic) opened.
 13 August – Edinburgh, Leith and Newhaven Railway authorised.
 Botanical Society of Scotland established as the Botanical Society of Edinburgh.
 Glasgow and Ship Bank established by merger of the Glasgow Banking Company and the Ship Bank.
 Robert Napier launches the paddle sloop Berenice for the East India Company, the first steam warship built in Scotland, the (wooden) hull being subscontracted to John Wood of Port Glasgow.
 Construction of Granton harbour begun
 Construction of modern Inverness Castle.
 Former windmill at Maxwelltown opens as converted into an astronomical observatory and the world's oldest working camera obscura, basis of the modern-day Dumfries Museum.
 Wellington School, Ayr, established for "young ladies of quality" by Mrs Gross.
 John MacCulloch's geological map of Scotland is published posthumously.

Births
 13 January – Alexander Whyte, minister of the Free Church of Scotland and theologian (died 1921)
 12 February – John Gerard Anderson, educationalist in Queensland (died 1911 in Australia)
 21 February – Alexander Dickson, botanist (died 1887)
 18 March – James Laidlaw Maxwell, Presbyterian missionary in Taiwan (died 1921)
 31 March – William Dingwall Fordyce, Liberal politician (died 1875)
 5 April – John Scott, botanist (died 1880)
 24 May – William Mortimer Clark, Lieutenant Governor of Ontario (died 1915)
 9 June – Thomas McCall Anderson, physician (died 1908)
 26 June – Aeneas Chisholm (Bishop of Aberdeen), Roman Catholic priest (died 1918)
 3 August – Colin Scott-Moncrieff, irrigation engineer in India and Egypt and Under-Secretary for Scotland (died 1916 in England)
 11 August – Hugh Gilzean-Reid, journalist and Liberal politician (died 1911 in London)
 7 September – Henry Campbell-Bannerman, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (died 1908 in 10 Downing Street, London)
 23 September – Samuel Chisholm, Liberal politician and Lord Provost of Glasgow (died 1923)
 28 October – James Edward Tierney Aitchison, surgeon and botanist (died 1898)
 16 November – David Binning Monro, classical scholar (died 1905)
 4 December (probable date) – Duncan MacGregor Crerar, poet (died 1916)
 John Gregorson Campbell, minister of the church and folklorist (died 1891)
 William Baxter Collier Fyfe, genre and portrait painter (died 1882 in London)
 Jessie Seymour Irvine, psalmist (died 1887)
 William Angus Knight, philosopher and literary scholar (died 1916)
 John Rhind, architect (died 1889)
 Andrew Strath, golfer (died 1868)

Deaths
 15 February – John Gillies, Historiographer Royal for Scotland (born 1747)
 24 February – Henry Liston, minister of the church and inventor (born 1771)
 4 April – John Grieve, poet (born 1781)
 23 June – James Mill, historian, economist, political theorist and philosopher (born 1773; died in London)
 August – Sir John Hope, British Army officer (born 1765)
 21 October – Donald Gregory, antiquarian (born 1803)
 26 November – John Loudon McAdam, civil engineer and road-builder (born 1756)
 30 December – James Graham, 3rd Duke of Montrose, nobleman, politician and Lord Justice General (born 1755)
 John Heaviside Clark, artist (born c.1771)

The arts
 Painter David Wilkie is granted a knighthood.
 5 March – George Brodie appointed Historiographer Royal

See also

 1836 in Ireland

References

Scotland
1830s in Scotland


title: Coventry Herald

text:
The Coventry Herald, Coventry Herald and Observer or the Coventry Herald and Free Press was a newspaper that was established in 1808 by Alderman Nathaniel Merridew, a ribbon warehouseman and Congregationalist, in Coventry, England and ran in print until 1940.

Coventry Herald (1808—1830)
Merridew's Whig and Dissenting views were initially represented by the newspaper and it was the recognized publication of the Liberal party in Coventry.The newspaper's control was given to Alderman Nathanial's third son Henry upon his death. Originally just the Coventry Herald, a political disagreement in 1828 with the Liberal party led to a competing newspaper, the Coventry Observer to be formed in 1828.

Coventry Herald and Observer (1830—1863)
These papers were later merged into a single paper under Henry in 1830. Henry's business failed and he sold to John Turner (1842), and later opened a boarding hotel in Boulogne-sur-Mer. Successive owners include Charles Bray (1846) While owned by Bray, the newspaper published some of the earliest prose writing of George Eliot.

Coventry Herald and Free Press (1863—1940)
The newspaper changed names again in 1863, after merging with the Free Press and Midland Express in 1863.  During the 1860s, it was owned by Matthew Vincent, who claimed that he turned down an offer of £30,000 from Joseph Chamberlain to purchase it, because Chamberlain would have changed the political alignment of the newspaper. In 1914 they absorbed the Coventry Times. The paper stopped publication in 1940.

Archives
Historical copies of the Coventry Herald, dating back to 1824, are available to search and view in digitised form at The British Newspaper Archive.

The Coventry Observer (2014—)
The Coventry Observer is local weekly newspaper published by Bullivant Media.

References

1808 establishments in England
Organisations based in Coventry
Newspapers published in the West Midlands (county)


title: Taylor Group

text:
The Taylor Group is a geologic group in Arkansas. It preserves fossils dating back to the Cretaceous period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Arkansas
 Paleontology in Arkansas

References

Geologic groups of Arkansas
Cretaceous System of North America


title: Geistliche Chormusik

text:
(Sacred choral music) is a collection of motets on German texts for choir by Heinrich Schütz. It was printed in Dresden in 1648 as his  (Op. 11), and comprises 29 individual settings for five to seven voices, which were assigned numbers 369 to 397 in the Schütz-Werke-Verzeichnis (SWV). The original title was  which indicates that Schütz planned a second part. It is also known as Geistliche Chor-Music 1648. The collection contains earlier and new works and a German arrangement of a motet by Andrea Gabrieli.

History

Schütz assembled a collection of 29 motets, which were assigned numbers 369 to 397 in the SWV, in 1648, the year that ended the Thirty Years' War. The original title was  which indicates that Schütz planned at least a second part. The collection contains earlier and new works and a German arrangement of a motet by Andrea Gabrieli.

In an extended foreword, Schütz describes the work as examples of composition in counterpoint without basso continuo, following the model of his teacher Giovanni Gabrieli in stile antico, writing: Geistliche Chor-Music / Mit 5. 6. und 7. Stimmen / beydes Vocaliter und Instrumentaliter zugebrauchen / Auffgesetzet / Durch / Heinrich Schützen / ... Worbey der Bassus Generalis auff Gutachten und Begehren / nicht aber aus Nothwendigkeit / zugleich auch zu befinden ist ... (sacred choir music / with 5 6 and 7 voices / to be used both vocally and instrumentally / set / by / Heinrich Schützen / ... the general bass can be used at the same time if liked and wanted / but is not necessary).

Schütz dedicated the collection to Leipzig, addressing the mayor and the town council and mentioning especially the choir, known now as the Thomanerchor. The dedication, dated "Dreßden, am 21. April 1648", is his first not to court and nobility.

Collection

Schütz set mostly biblical texts, but also a few hymns. It contains "pleas for peace" such as "Verleih uns Frieden genädiglich" (Bestow peace upon us mercifully), which "react to the events of the day with more or less timeless, traditional texts". The first twelve motets are settings for five parts, the others for six or seven parts.

Translations are provided by Emmanuel Music, while the column "Source" offers the text of the King James Version of the Bible.

Publication and recording

Geistliche Chormusik was first published in Dresden by Johann Klemm. It was published by Breitkopf & Härtel as part of the first complete publication of the composer's works, edited by Philipp Spitta,  begun in 1885. It was published by Bärenreiter as part of the new critical edition Neue Schütz-Ausgabe. The five-part motets (No. 1–12) appeared in 2003, the others in 2006. The collection is part of the complete edition of the composer's works by Carus-Verlag, begun in 1992 as the Stuttgart Schütz Edition and planned to be completed by 2017. The edition uses the  of the . They were recorded, as part of the complete recordings of works by Schütz, in 2008 by the Dresdner Kammerchor and the Cappella Sagittariana, conducted by Hans-Christoph Rademann.

The motets have been frequently recorded individually or in selections. As of 2014, nine complete recordings were performed, making it the most frequently recorded of the collections by Schütz. Rudolf Mauersberger conducted the Dresdner Kreuzchor in 1962–63. Heinz Hennig conducted in 1981 to 1984 the Knabenchor Hannover with instruments, performing some motets with solo voices, others chorally, some with alternatives. Gerhard Schmidt-Gaden led a recording with the Tölzer Knabenchor in 1998, followed by Martin Behrmann, Manfred Cordes, Wilhelm Ehmann, Matteo Messori, Craig Smith and Masaaki Suzuki, Hans-Christoph Rademann among others.

References

External links

 Heinrich Schütz: "Geistliche Chormusik" 1648 - alle Motetten Thüringer Komponisten und Bearbeiter
 Im Dienst des Wortes / Heinrich Schütz: Motetten aus der "Geistlichen Chormusik" op. 11 Südwestrundfunk

Compositions by Heinrich Schütz
Choral compositions
1648 books


title: Collier Shale

text:
The Collier Shale is a geologic formation in the Ouachita Mountains of Arkansas and Oklahoma. Dating from the Late Cambrian to Early Ordovician periods, the Collier Shale is the oldest stratigraphic unit exposed in Arkansas. First described in 1892, this unit was not named until 1909 by Albert Homer Purdue in his study of the Ouachita Mountains of Arkansas. Purdue assigned the type locality to the headwaters of Collier Creek in Montgomery County, Arkansas, but did not designate a stratotype. As of 2017, a reference section for this unit has yet to be designated.

Paleofauna

Conodonts

 Acanthodus
 A. lineatus
 Acodus
 A. oneotensis
 Chosonodina
 C. herfurthi
 Cordylodus
 C. angulatus
 Drepanodus
 D. subarcuatus

 Loxodus
 L. bransoni
 Oistodus
 O. triangularis
 Paltodus
 P. bassleri
 Phakelodus
 P. tenuis

Trilobites

 Anechocephalus
 A. aphelodermus
 Apachia
 A. genaitholix
 Aphelotoxon
 A. lumaleasa
 Buttsia
 B. drabensis
 Cernuolimbus
 C. monilis
 Cheilocephalus
 C. brachyops

 Cliffia
 C. lataegenae
 C. magnacilis
 Comanchia
 C. amplooculata
 Dellea
 D. planafrons
 D. suada
 Erixanium
 E. lacunatum
 Housia
 H. vacuna
 Iddingsia
 I. hapsis

 Irvingella
 I. major
 Jessievillia
 J. radiatus
 Kindbladia
 K. wichitaensis
 Kymagnostus
 K. harti
 Linnarsonella
 L. girtyi
 Neoagnostus
 N. dilatus

 Parabolinoides
 P. contractus
 Pseudagnostus
 P. communis
 Pseudokingstonia
 P. exotica
 Pterocephalia
 P. sanctisabae
 Pulchricapitus
 P. fetosus
 Pyttstrigis
 P. dicilia
 Xenocheilos
 X. minutum

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Arkansas
 Paleontology in Arkansas

References

Cambrian Arkansas
Cambrian southern paleotropical deposits
Ordovician Arkansas
Ordovician geology of Oklahoma


title: Eußerbach

text:
The Eußerbach forms the right, northwestern headstream, over 11 kilometres long, of the Eisbach river in the county of Südliche Weinstraße, in the German federal state of Rhineland-Palatinate.

Sights

Abbey Church (Klosterkirche) – The historically most important building in the valley of the Eußerbach is the Romanesque church of St. Bernard which belonged to the former Cistercian abbey of Eußerthal.

Viewing points – The L 505 state road, which climbs from about 170 metres above sea level in the south to heights of over 500 metres, is very picturesque and has several high viewing points. The surrounding area is largely natural.

References

Südliche Weinstraße
Rivers and lakes of the Palatinate Forest
Rivers of Rhineland-Palatinate
Rivers of Germany


title: Laranjeiro e Feijó

text:
Laranjeiro e Feijó is a civil parish in the municipality of Almada, Portugal. It was formed in 2013 by the merger of the former parishes Laranjeiro and Feijó. The population in 2011 was 39,872, in an area of 7.82 km2.

References

Parishes of Almada


title: Optical attached cable

text:
Optical attached cable (OPAC) is a type of fibre optic cable that is installed by being attached to a host conductor along overhead power lines. The attachment system varies and can include wrapping, lashing or clipping the fibre optic cable to the host. Installation is typically performed using a specialised piece of equipment that travels along the host conductor from pole to pole or tower to tower, wrapping, clipping or lashing the fibre optic cable in place. Different manufacturers have different systems and the installation equipment, cable designs and hardware are not interchangeable.

Although lashed cable systems and clipped cable systems have been investigated as a means of attaching optical fibre cables to overhead power lines, wrapped cables were the first type to be developed and are the only type in common use today.

Wrapped cable systems were developed independently in the UK (SkyWrap) and Japan (GWWOP) during the 1980s and have been widely used, with installations in every continent except Antarctica. Through licensing and through independent development, wrapped cable systems have also been supplied by French, Italian, German and Russian companies.

The installation process for wrapped cables involves passing a drum of cable around and around the host conductor as the carrying device moves across the span. For installation on hosts within 10 m of the ground (medium or low voltage overhead lines), it is possible to pull the wrapping machine by hand from the ground below the line. However, a radio controlled power unit using batteries or a petrol engine is normally required when the host conductor is on a high voltage transmission line. Wrapped cables can be applied to earth wires (ground wires, shield wires) on power transmission lines and to phase conductors on transmission, sub-transmission or distribution lines.

SkyWrap is the most successful example of OPAC and is used together with more familiar optical fibre cables such as OPGW and All-dielectric self-supporting cable (ADSS) to build communications networks for power utilities.

Etymology
The generic International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) and IEEE designation for attached cable is "OPAC". OPAC can be used in the same sense as the nomenclature "OPGW" and "ADSS". OPAC refers specifically to fibre optic cables and specifically to installations where the host conductor is part of the electricity supply system. Installations using metallic cables (coax or copper telephone cables) or messenger wires as the host are not covered by the term OPAC.

The term "Ground-Wire Wound Optical cable" (GWWOP) is sometimes used to describe wrapped fibre optic cables for installation on power lines. and may be a brand name owned by Furukawa Electric of Japan. The Russian language description for wrapped cable technology is "ОКНН" (оптоволоконного кабеля неметаллического навивной) (in English: OCNN = Optical Cable, Non-metallic, coiling or wrapping (Navivnoj)). The French language term is "Câble Optique Enroulé" (COE)

The name "SkyWrap" is one of three related brand names introduced by FOCAS in 1990 to describe its fibre optic cable products used in the construction of power utility communications networks, the others being SkyLite OPGW and SkySpan ADSS. When AFL acquired FOCAS in 2000, the SkyLite and SkySpan brand names were dropped but SkyWrap has continued to be used. Prior to 1992 the brand name was Rayfos. The Rayfos name is owned by Raychem Corporation, who developed the technology before selling it to FOCAS. Rayfos is a portmanteau name constructed from "Raychem" and "fibre optic system".

History

UK and Japan
Wrapped optical fibre cable technology was developed independently in the UK and Japan in the early 1980s. In the UK, Raychem Ltd had a background in polymeric materials with resistance to high voltage environments; used for example in heat-shrinkable 33kV cable terminations and in polymer insulators. The initial development involved an all-dielectric fibre optic cable with a sheath made from tracking resistant material. The first installation was carried out on a 33kV overhead distribution line between sub-stations at Hartley and Goudhurst in Kent, UK in December 1982.The choice of a 33kV line indicates the expected market for the technology – building communication networks over local distribution lines when transmission and sub-transmission lines were expected to be equipped with OPGW. Over the next five years, installations were carried out in Norway, New Zealand, USA, India, Germany, France and Finland totalling about 180 km in both ground-wire and phase-conductor installations, and on both distribution and transmission lines. Raychem sold the wrapped optical fibre cable technology to Cookson Group plc in 1987. A subsidiary of Cookson Group was FOCAS Limited who completed the development work and commercialised the product as SkyWrap, supplying more than 16,000 km to customers in over 30 countries. FOCAS was acquired by AFL in 2000

In Japan, Furukawa Electric Company developed a product explicitly for installation on the earth-wire of transmission lines, and this was reflected in the name: Ground-Wire Wrapped Optical cable. The first installation was carried out in 1985 on a 275kV transmission line owned by Chubu Electric Power and included a remote controlled pulling device and a self-compensating counterbalance on the wrapping machine. These are both necessary technologies for successful wrapped cable installation on the ground wire of long-span HV transmission lines.

By 1995, several other companies had entered the wrapped cable market: in Europe, British Insulated Callender's Cables (BICC) (in UK) introduced a product called Fibwrap' and Alcatel subsidiary IKO Kabel of Sweden marketed GWWOP under license from Furukawa. In Japan, GWWOP development had become a joint effort involving Sumitomo Electric Industries, Hitachi Cables, Furukawa Electric and Fujikura companies and each of the 4 companies supplied their own slightly different wrapped cable systems to power utilities in the domestic Japanese market. BICC also had a technology licence from Furukawa, but carried out extensive development work to make the product suitable for the European market: BICC re-designed the cable to use loose-tube technology and so provide a zero-strain environment for the optical fibres at all operating conditions of the overhead line; the tug and wrapping machine were re-designed to reduce the overall load on the conductor during the installation process. This included the use of a light-weight (but very costly) carbon-fibre cable drum in order to maximise the length of cable in a fixed payload weight. Being derived from GWWOP, both the BICC and Alcatel systems were limited to ground-wire installations and no phase-conductor installations were carried out.

Russia
A novel wrapping technology was developed by Russian company Teralink during the early 2000s. The wrapping machine is self-balancing with the fibre-optic cable payload held on a pair of drums arranged one on either side of the host conductor and therefore on either side of the axis of the machine. The cable pays off one drum for 100-150m then the other drum and so on, alternately switching between drums. The drums are never more than 2 kg out of balance and the machine does not require an external counterbalance system. This keeps the machine smaller than other designs of wrapping equipment and the payload constitutes a higher proportion of the all-up weight. Two constructors are able to place by hand the machine with full drum of cable on the wire.

A second Russian company, Scientific Innovations, introduced a more conventional design of wrapping machine in the mid-2000s, with a single drum of fibre optic cable and a counterbalance arm. There are several records of successful installations using this equipment.

France
The final commercial developments of wrapped cable systems took place in France in about 2005 when RTE, the national electricity transmission utility began to install substantial quantities of optical fibre cables including OPGW and wrapped cables. Two French contractors, Transel (part of the Bouygues group) and Omexom (a Vinci SA company), independently developed their own wrapped cable systems (known as câble optique enroulé (COE) in French) to participate in this program. Neither system had a product name other than COE or was marketed outside France. Both systems were withdrawn in about 2010 after a total of about 1000 km of wrapped cable installations for RTE.

Technology
There are three basic technology requirements for a wrapped cable system – a fibre optic cable with suitable performance for installation on an overhead power-line; a device for carrying out the wrapping operation (wrapping equipment) and the appropriate hardware to stabilise and complete the installation.

Cable
Wrapped fibre optic cable must provide the following characteristics:
Small diameter to have as little as little impact on the wind load of the host conductor as possible;
Light weight in order to keep the total weight of wrapping machine and cable payload as small as possible.
Tough outer sheath to provide protection against the types of damage mechanism encountered on overhead lines: sunlight, rain, atmospheric pollution, birds’ claws and beaks, shotgun pellets (hunters shoot at birds which perch on or fly close to overhead lines) and wind-induced vibration.
Sufficient strain-margin to protect the optical fibres at the extremes of the overhead line operating window: low night-time or winter temperatures cause the host conductor to shrink, high day-time or summer temperatures cause expansion. The optical cable design must allow the fibres to continue to transmit data across the whole daily and seasonal temperature range. Strong winds and built up layers of ice will cause conductors to stretch even more, requiring high levels of strain margin in the fibre optic cable design.
These characteristics are unique to OPAC and mean that wrapped cables are designed and manufactured specifically for the application: generic fibre optic cables cannot be used for wrapped cable installations.

The strain margin requirements tend to favour cable designs using multiple loose tubes. Tight-buffer cable designs do not provide sufficient strain margin and the optical fibre transmission performance is compromised under strong winds, heavy ice accretions and at high temperatures. In cables based on a single loose tube design, the optical fibres have too much freedom of movement along the cable axis. Consequently, mechanical energy in the form of wind-induced vibration of the host conductor causes the optical fibres to move gradually ‘downhill’ and allowing the excess fibre length to collect in the low point of the span. This uneven distribution of excess fibre length compromises the optical performance of the cable with increased optical attenuation at low temperatures in the relatively crowded sections of tube in the middle of spans and at high temperatures where the fibres are under strain at the high sections close to the towers. These problems are worse on longer spans.

Heat resistance is an important part of wrapped cable design. Conductors on overhead lines are subject to two different sources of severe temperature excursions: lightning strike and fault current. Lightning strikes produce a large and sudden increase in conductor temperature (from ambient temperature to over 200 °C in less than 40μs) followed by an exponential decay over tens of seconds back to ambient temperature. The amount of energy converted to heat in a lightning strike can be sufficient to melt several strands in a multi-stranded conductor. Fault currents tend to produce longer rise times (ms rather than μs) to somewhat lower temperatures (typically below 200 °C) and with a longer decay time. In order to cope with these temperatures, the sheath of a wrapped fibre optic cable must be made from a high-temperature material or it must be crosslinked to prevent melting. Suppliers will carry testing of their cable to demonstrate that it can survive a number of lightning strikes or fault current episodes.

Wrapping equipment
The installation machinery carries a drum of fibre optic cable along the host conductor on the overhead line, passing the drum around and around the conductor. The machine pays out the cable at a controlled tension and wraps the cable around the host conductor at a helical pitch of about 1 metre. The wrapping machine may be pulled by hand using a rope from the ground or it may be self-propelled and radio controlled. Motive power may be provided by a petrol engine or a battery pack. The motive power unit may be built into the wrapping machine or it may be a separate unit. Separate units are frequently called "Tug" or "Puller" and have the advantage that two smaller pieces of equipment are easier to handle at the top of a tower or pole than one big piece.

The design of wrapping equipment varies from supplier to supplier, with no consensus on the ideal design. Some suppliers have more than one type of wrapping machine with different types of machine suited to different classes of overhead line.

The most important limit on the design of the wrapping machinery is the total combined weight of the equipment and the payload of cable. This weight is applied to the overhead line during the wrapping installation and so the host conductor and its supports must be capable of sustaining the extra load during the installation process. A typical limit is that the tension in the host conductor must not increase to more than 50% of its rated breaking strength during the wrapping installation. Other limits can apply as well, such as the bending loads on a cross-arm or cantilever load on a post insulator. Typically, when installations are carried out in benign weather conditions, the loads on the overhead line are within the limits imposed by the tolerances for extreme weather events.

This gross weight threshold is a significant constraint on the design of wrapped cable systems as it effectively limits the length of optical cable that can be installed in one piece. Longer lengths of cable add weight in 3 ways – the drum of cable is heavier because it contains more cable; the counterweight is heavier to balance the heavier drum; the machine needs to be bigger and stronger to carry the increased loads and to resist the increased forces involved in wrapping a heavier drum. Small increases in cable length become significant because of this ‘triple-whammy’ effect.

The total weight (all-up weight) of the installation machine comprises: the cable drum and cable; the wrapping mechanism; the motive power unit; the tension control mechanism and the counterweight system. All of these individual components are necessary, but some components may be combined to increase the efficiency of the design. For example, those designs using electric motors tend to use the battery pack as part of the counterweight system. Counterweights are required for two separate purposes: to counter the turning moment of the wrapping machine and to balance the cable drum payload.

The turning moment arises because the wrapping machine passes a heavy drum of cable around the machine axis so as to wrap the fibre optic cable onto the host conductor. This motion is achieved by means of a gearbox that converts the linear travel of the wrapping machine along the conductor into a rotating movement of the drum carrier. The force of moving the drum in one direction (say clockwise around the conductor) causes a resultant force to act on the machine in the opposite direction, making the wrapping machine spin on its own axis (counter-clockwise in this example). Frictional effects from the machine’s grip on the conductor can be used to counter this to some degree, but in practice it is insufficient and the required stability can only be achieved by having a relatively large weight suspended rigidly below the conductor from the non-rotating part of the wrapping machine. The motor unit is heavy, has a good grip on the conductor and so is often used to provide the necessary stability. For rope-pulled machines with no motor unit, a separate ‘keel weight’ is used to achieve the same effect.

During the wrapping operation, the centre of rotation of the equipment lies along the axis of the host conductor.

Most wrapping machine designs carry a single drum of cable on one side of the machine and therefore require a counterweight on the opposite side to provide lateral stability. As a minimum, the counterweight is adjustable at each pole or tower to reflect the reduced weight of the payload at the end of each span. The more sophisticated designs of wrapping machines have automatically adjusting counterweights that maintain balance throughout the span as the cable drum becomes progressively lighter. This is normally achieved by arranging for the counterweight move inwards towards the machine axis as the machine travels forward. Such devices are essential for span lengths greater than 250 – 300m. Ideally, the centre of gravity of the rotating part of the wrapping machine should lie on the axis of the host conductor at all times. The centre of gravity of the complete wrapping machine will always be below the axis of the host conductor.

There are designs of wrapping machine that are self-balancing, using two drums of cable carried one on each side of the machine axis: the Teralink (Russian) device dispenses a single cable that is pre-wound onto 2 drums. The AFL (UK/USA) machine can be configured to wrap 2 cables simultaneously from a pair of drums, in order to achieve double the normal fibre-count.

Hardware
Wrapped cable systems incorporate several unique pieces of hardware that are required to anchor the fibre optic cable to the conductor, to protect the cable as it passes over or around supporting poles and towers of the overhead line, and to control electric field effects in installations on phase conductors. Each supplier has its own designs for these items and there is no commonality or interchangeability of hardware between systems.

There are two variants of wrapped optical fibre cable systems for installation on overhead electricity power lines: they differ in the nature of the host conductor. When the host conductor is a phase-wire, one of the conductors that carry the electric current in the electricity network, a phase-to-ground insulator is required at every location where the wrapped cable leaves the conductor. The phase-to-ground (PTG) insulator is a device that provides electrical isolation whilst allowing optical continuity. This means that the fibre optic cable and joint closures on the grounded side of the PTG can be accessed and worked on safely, even if the overhead line is energised to full system voltage. The simpler system is designed to be installed on the earth-wire (also known as ground-wire or shield wire) of the overhead line. Because earth-wires are not energised in service, this type of installation does not require a phase-to-ground insulator.

Lashed cable
Lashing has been used as a means of installing communications cables since the process was developed by Bell Telephone Laboratories in the late 1940s. This process typically involves lashing one or more copper telephone cable, co-ax cable TV cable or fibre optic cable to a pre-installed steel messenger wire using a steel lashing wire and a device called a 'spinner' or 'lasher'. It is used to attach these types of cables to road-side utility pole lines and this type of installation is not covered by the term OPAC. OPAC specifically refers to fibre optic cables attached to overhead power lines where the host conductor is part of the overhead electricity system.
Lashed communication cables on the ground wire or an auxiliary grounded wire were installed until the mid-1980s at several powerlines of former EVS (now EnBW) in Baden-Württemberg, Germany and are still used on some lines.

Uses
Wrapped cable systems are used in building telecommunications networks over power utility rights of way. This is an attractive concept for many power utilities because it means that the communications network is under their own control and can be tailored to meet their particular requirements with suitable attributes such as redundancy, latency and bandwidth. Once built, the network is relatively inexpensive to operate compared to rental charges previously paid to phone companies. The network connects directly between power utility operational sites such as power stations, sub-stations and transformer sites. Communications traffic is typically a mix of SCADA, other operational traffic such as tele-protection signaling, video surveillance and monitoring, and other business traffic such as voice channels, inter-office communications and so on. Since fibre optic cables provide very high bandwidth - much more than a power utility would normally require - many power utilities are able to generate revenue from their communications networks by leasing bandwidth or spare optical fibres to other operators such as mobile phone companies or ISPs.

Three different types of fibre optic cable have been developed for installation on overhead power utility lines: Optical Ground Wire (OPGW), All-Dielectric Self-Supporting (ADSS) cable and Optical Attached Cable (OPAC). Each type has a different set of properties and is therefore better suited to a particular set of circumstances. OPAC cables are most typically used when access to the overhead line is difficult (for example, in remote areas or, conversely, in crowded urban areas) or when an overhead line is structurally too weak to support the extra weight of an ADSS cable.

Current status of commercial wrapped cable systems

In the media
Rayfos was featured on the BBC television programme Tomorrow's World in the episode broadcast at 19:30 on 9 May 1985. Judith Hann was seen in an isolated cottage in Wales during a thunderstorm.  The lights went out and the TV stopped working (she had been watching Tomorrows World) after a lightning strike and, following her phone call to the electricity board, an engineer set off to look for the fault. The story line then moved on to discuss how better communications systems between the control centre and outlying substations would speed up restoration of the power supply. During the piece, Judith Hann was seen to pull a wrapping machine along a piece of conductor that had been deliberately installed at shoulder height for the demonstration.
Wrapped cable installations have been featured in various local and regional magazines and newspapers following local installations, for example in Alsace, France.

References

External links
 AFL SkyWrap
 Scientific Innovations

Optical fiber


title: Batesville Sandstone

text:
The Batesville Sandstone is a geologic formation in northern Arkansas, United States, that dates to the Chesterian Series of the late Mississippian. The base of the Batesville Sandstone, named the Hindsville Limestone Member, unconformably lies on the Moorefield Formation.

Paleofauna

Brachiopods
Orthotetes
O. batesvillensis

Bryozoans
Archimedes
A. proutanus
Batostomella
B. parvula
Glyptopora
G. michelinia
Leioclema
Polypora
Tabulipora
T. miseri

Cephalopods
Goniatites
G. choctawensis
G. granosus
Lusitanites
L. subcircularis
Neoglyphioceras
N. caneyanum

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Arkansas
 Paleontology in Arkansas

References

Carboniferous Arkansas
Carboniferous southern paleotropical deposits


title: Suriname at the 2014 Summer Youth Olympics

text:
Suriname competed at the 2014 Summer Youth Olympics, in Nanjing, China that transpired between 16 August and 28 August 2014.

Medalists

Athletics

Suriname qualified two athletes.

Qualification Legend: Q=Final A (medal); qB=Final B (non-medal); qC=Final C (non-medal); qD=Final D (non-medal); qE=Final E (non-medal)

Boys
Field Events

Badminton

Suriname was given a quota to compete by the tripartite committee.

Singles

Doubles

Swimming

Suriname qualified two swimmers.

Boys

Girls

Taekwondo

Suriname was given a wild card to compete.

Boys

References

Summer Youth Olympics
Nations at the 2014 Summer Youth Olympics
Suriname at the Youth Olympics


title: Bloyd Shale

text:
The Bloyd Shale is a geologic formation in Arkansas. It preserves fossils dating back to the Carboniferous period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Arkansas
 Paleontology in Arkansas

References

Carboniferous Arkansas
Carboniferous southern paleotropical deposits


title: Hale Formation

text:
The Hale Formation is a geologic formation in northern Arkansas that dates to the Morrowan Series of the early Pennsylvanian. The Hale Formation has two named members: the Cane Hill and the Prairie Grove Members. The lower member is the Cane Hill, a primarily sandstone and shale interval that unconformably overlies the Mississippian-age Pitkin Formation. The upper member, the Prairie Grove Member, is predominately limestone and conformably underlies the Bloyd Formation.

Nomenclature
Named by J. A. Taff in 1905, the Hale Formation was originally called the "Hale sandstone lentil" of the Morrow Formation after Hale Mountain in Washington County, Arkansas. In the same year, George I. Adams and E. O. Ulrich called it the "Hale sandstone member" of the Morrow Formation. In 1907, Albert Homer Purdue raised the rank to the Hale Formation of the Morrow Group, however, the Morrow Group was later abandoned as a stratigraphic unit in 1961. A stratotype was not designated by J. A. Taff and, as of 2017, no reference section has been designated.

The Cane Hill Member was named after the town of Cane Hill in Washington County, Arkansas in 1953 by Lloyd G. Henbest, who also named its upper member, the Prairie Grove Member, after the town of Prairie Grove, in Washington County, Arkansas. Henbest did not designate a stratotype for either of these members, and as of 2017, neither of them have been designated a reference section.

In the eastern parts of the Ozarks in Arkansas, the Hale Formation becomes undifferentiated with the overlying Bloyd Formation and is called the Witts Springs Formation.

Paleontology

Blastoids
Pentremites
P. angustus
P. rusticus

Brachiopods

Anthracospirifer
Antiquatonia
Beecheria
Cleiothyridina
Composita
Desmoinesia
Echinaria
Hustedia
Krotovia
Leptagonia
Linoproductus
Neochonetes

Phricodothyris
Punctospirifer
Schizophoria
Plicochonetes
Rhipidomella
Rhynchopora
Sandia
Schizophoria
Spiriferellina
Tesuquea
T. morrowensis
Zia

Bryozoans
Fenestella morrowensis
F. venusta
Fistulipora matheri
Matheropora triseriata
Polypora anastomosa
P. constricta
P. halensis
P. magna
P. purduei
P. reversispina
P. triseriata
P. washingtonensis
Phyllopora perforata
Septopora crebripora
Sulcoretepora brentwoodensis
S. sinuomarginata

Cephalopods

Arkanites relictus
Bactrites redactus
B. gaitherensis
Baschkirites
B. librovitchi
Bisatoceras secundum
Branneroceras branneri
Cancelloceras huntsvillense
Cymoceras cracens
Dinocycloceras prolixum
Endolobus
Ephippioceras ferratum
Glaphyrites morrowensis
Gordonites matheri
G. filifer
Homoceratoides cracens
Hudsonoceras moorei
Knightoceras oxylobatum
K. palatum

Paradimorphoceras
Proshumardites morrowanus
Pseudopronorites quinni
P. arkansiensis
Pseudorthoceras knoxense
Quinnites henbetsi
Q. textum
Ramosites
Reticuloceras wainwrighti
R. tiro
R. semiretia
Retites semiretia
Schartymites paynei
Syngastrioceras globosum
S. oblatum
Verneuilites pygmaeus
Wiedeyoceras matheri

Conodonts

Gondolella
G. clarki
Idiognathodus
I. klapperi
I. sinuosus
Idiognathoides
I. convexus
I. sinuatus

Neognathodus
N. bassleri
N. symmetricus
Rhachistognathus
R. primus

Crinoids
Arkacrinus
Eirmocrinus
Palmerocrinus

Flora
Archaeolithophyllum
A. missouiense
Asphaltina
A. cordillerensis
Eflugelia
Girvanella
Stacheoides
S. spissa

Foraminifera

Asteroarchaediscus
A. rugosus
Biseriella
Climacammina
C. antiqua
Diplosphaerina
D. inaequalis
Earlandia
Endothyra
Eosigmoinina
E. rugosa
Eostaffella
E. pinguis
Hemiarchaediscus
Millerella
M. marblensis
M. pressa

Neoarchaediscus
Paleonubecularia
Paramillerella
P. pinuis
Planoendothyra
Plectogyra
P. tantala
Pseudoglomospira
Tetrataxis
T. maxima
Tubertina
T. plana
Turrispoiroides
T. multivolutus

Ostracods
Glyptopleua
 G. whitei
Healdia
Kirkbyella (Berdanella)
Knightina
Shivaella

Trace Fossils

Gastrochaenolites anauchen

Trypanites

Incertae sedis
Clacisphaera
C. laevis
Proninella
P. strigosa

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Arkansas
 Paleontology in Arkansas

References

Carboniferous Kansas
Carboniferous Arkansas
Carboniferous southern paleotropical deposits


title: Hindsville Formation

text:
The Hindsville Formation, or Hindsville Limestone Member of the Batesville Formation, is a geologic unit in northern Arkansas and eastern Oklahoma that dates to the Chesterian Series of the late Mississippian. Named for the town of Hindsville in Madison County, Arkansas, this unit is recognized as a member of the Batesville Formation in Arkansas and a geologic formation in Oklahoma. Although, some workers have proposed raising the rank of this interval in Arkansas to formation status. Both the Batesville and Hindsville Formations overlie the Moorefield Formation and underlie the Fayetteville Shale.

Paleofauna

Blastoids
Pentremites
"P. elongatusP. godoniP. pateiBryozoansArchimedesA. communisA. distansA. intermediusBatostomellaB. anomalaB. parvulaB. spinulosaCallocladiaC. elegansCoeloclemisC. tumidaDyscritellaD. insequalisD. robustaFenestellaF. cestriensisF. serratulaFistuliporaF. excelensF. excelens harrisonensisF. excelens williamsiIdioclemaI. insignePolyporaP. meslerianaPycnoporaP. bellaP. hirsutaP. regularisRhabdomesonR. tubumRhomboporaR. persimilis miserSeptoporaS. pinnataStenocladiaS. frondosaStreblotrypaS. nicklesiS. nicklesi robustaSulcoreteporaS. pustulosa arctaSyringoclemisS. biserialisTabuliporaT. cestriensisT. emaciata arkansanaT. emaciata inaequalisT. emaciata megastylaT. gracilisT. inermisT. intermittens harrisonensisT. longicamerataT. maculosaT. miseriT. miseri tubulataT. mutabilisT. perattenuataT. poculoformisT. ramosa fayettevillensisT. simulansCrinoids

 Abrotocrinus Agassizocrinus A. conicus Bronaughocrinus B. cherokeensus Cryphiocrinus C. bowsheri C. girtyi Dichocrinus D. girtyi Pentaramicrinus P. nitidus Staphylocrinus''

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Arkansas
 Paleontology in Arkansas

References

Carboniferous Arkansas
Carboniferous southern paleotropical deposits


title: Imo Formation

text:
The Imo Formation, or Imo Shale, is a geologic unit in northern Arkansas that dates to the Chesterian Series of the late Mississippian. The Imo is considered to be a member of the upper Pitkin Formation, and is the most recent Mississippian age rock in Arkansas. The Imo Shale unconformably underlies the Pennsylvanian age Hale Formation

The stratigraphic placement of this interval has long been debated. It was introduced in 1964 as the "Imo Formation," representing an interval of shale that was presumably of Mississippian and possibly of Pennsylvanian age. However, in a footnote in the first publication to use this designation, the author noted that the shale interval had been mapped into the Pennsylvanian Cane Hill Member of the Hale Formation and revoked use of the name "Imo Formation".

The name was reintroduced in 1973 as the "Imo Shale", and in 2010 was classified as a member of the Mississippian age Pitkin Formation.

Paleontology

Cephalopods

 Anthracoceras
 A. discus
 Cravenoceras
 C. mapesi
 Delepinoceras
 D. bressoni
 Eumorphoceras
 E. imoense
 E. richardsoni
 Fayettevillea
 F. bransoni
 F. friscoense

 Metadimorphoceras
 M. saundersi
 Peytonoceras
 P. ornatum
 Rhadinites
 R. miseri
 Somoholites
 S. cadiconiformisj
 Stenoglaphyrites
 S. involutum
 Syngastrioceras
 S. imprimis

Flora
Stacheoides
S. tenuis

Foraminifera
Earlandia
Endothyra
Eosigmoilina
E. explicata
E. rugosa
Monotaxinoides
Neoarchaediscus
Priscella
Trepeilopsis
Zellerina
Z. discoidea

Ostracods
 Cavellina
 Cornigella
 Gortanella
 Healdia
 Healdioides
 Hollinella
 Monoceratina
 Sargentina
 Youngiella

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Arkansas
 Paleontology in Arkansas

References

Carboniferous Arkansas
Carboniferous southern paleotropical deposits


title: Moorefield Formation

text:
The Moorefield Formation, or Moorefield Shale, is a geologic formation in northern Arkansas and eastern Oklahoma that dates to the Meramecian Series of the middle Mississippian. In Arkansas, this formation is generally recognized to have one member, the Ruddell Shale, in the upper Moorefield Formation.

Paleofauna

Bryozoans
Archimedes
A. confertus
A. proutanus
Batostomella
B. dubla
B. parvula
Tabulipora

Cephalopods
 Adnatoceras
 A. alaskense
 Bactrites
 B. caronarius
 B. smithianus
 Endolobus
 E. ornatus
 Girtyoceras
 G. welleri
 Goniaties
 Mitorthoceras

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Arkansas
 Paleontology in Arkansas

References

Carboniferous geology of Oklahoma
Carboniferous Arkansas
Carboniferous southern paleotropical deposits