title: Nirakarpur

text:
Nirakarpur is a village in Khordha district, in the state of Odisha, India. The name Nirakarpur meaning, the endless place. The place, who has no end. It is located  south of District headquarter Khurda,  from block headquarter Tangi and  from state capital Bhubaneswar. Nirakarpur Police Station is situated on the spot. It has control over six Local Village (GPs) Administrative Areas.

Notable features
The 'Kshetrabasi D.A.V. College' which was India's first Rural based Science college, was established in 1959. The college is now full-fledged science college along with commerce and humanities streams.
Nirakarpur is a small township area comprising a vegetable market over more than one hundred years, shopping malls, showrooms, Bus & Taxi stands, Govt. Health & Wellness Center, Sub-Post Office, and a Railway station along with public and private sector establishments. Eight pairs of Express Trains halt at Nirakarpur[NKP] station.
'Chitrakut' Hill is situated in western part of this small township. There are caves and temples on the 'Chitrakut' hill, such as 'Hanumaan Mandir' at the heart and 'Bhairavi Mandir' at the foot of the Hill which is a picnic spot with natural scenery.

"Maa Narayani Baba Kapileswar Mandir" at Kapileswar'' (Baligaan) 2 km. approx. in southern part of Nirakarpur Township on Nirakarpur - Bhusandapur Road. 'Maa Narayani' temple was built during the Ninth century and the 'Viijayaa Rath Yaatraa' is being observing as a festival during the 'Navaraatra' festival since ninth century. which was established by the 'Gajapati Maharaja Kapilendra Dev' of Shreekshetra Puri, during his dynasty[Between 1400 - 1500]. There is a portrait statue of Goddess 'Mahishaa-Marddinee' [of Eighteen handed] at "Maa Narayani" temple which is One amongst Eight places those are very unique in India and only place of Odisha state. The car festival[named as Vijayaa Ratha-Yaatraa] of "Baba Kapileswar Dev" during "Shukla Paksha Ashtami Tithi to Trayodashi Tithi' in the month of 'Chaitra' as per Odia Lunar calendar [March - April] is very unique in its kind. One cannot believe without witnessed the uniqueness individually in the festival days. The "Ashokaashtami Vijayaa Ratha-Yaatraa"(Car Festival) of "Baba Kapileswar" visits to the  with His Brother "Baba Graameswar" to His Brother-in-Law's Residence ['Shree-Shree Radhamohan Jew' temple] at adjacent village Dia. During the festival there are cultural programs with various types of colourful fire-crackers [Bhuin-Champaa, Chakra, Akashdeepa, Gachha etc.; Bhuin-Champaa is the famous one amongst all] are fired on the sky during second half of last night. Here the Chariot pulls during mid-night hours which is unique.

River 'Mandakini' (Locally called 'Malaguni') flows in northern side of this area. A dam on this river at Rameswar [2 miles approx.] which is a picnic spot with natural beauty, and an Way-side Amenity Center[restaurant and lodging](operated by OTDC) namely 'Neelambu' for motorists at Rameswar [5 km] on NH-16 which is situated on the foot of a hill on the bank of this river, and, staying at the resort has unique experience of sun-set and the nature. Beside these sites, another picnic spots are 'Totaa Bhagavati' [2 miles approx.] and,'Maa Ugratara Mandir' at Mulijhargarh is beautiful picnic spot with natural scenery which is 11 kilometre via Railway station - Kashipur-Mormorsingh-Haripur road.
A temple of Lord Shiva is situated on the New Jagannath Sadak [Patta-Joshipur village, 6(six) kilometre distance towards Puri] which is similar to the Temple situated at Humma village on the bank of 'Mahanadi' river in Sambalpur district. [These temples are called 'Bakra Mandir']. 'Shaanti Aananda Aashram' Karamalaa Matha(Shaanti-Dhaam) the holy place of 'Santha Abhiraam Paramahansa' is about 20(twenty)kms by road from Nirakarpur.

Transportation
NH 16 is  from the village. The state capital [Bhubaneswar] is well connected with Nirakarpur by road(52 km) and rail(45 km). The railway station is  from the Bus stand on the New Jagannath Sadak. By road, the state capital Bhubaneswar can be reached in 90(ninety)minutes. Nirakarpur Railway Station is a railway station on the East Coast Railway network in the state of Odisha. It serves Nirakarpur area. Its code is NKP. It has four platforms. Passenger, MEMU, Eight pairs of Express trains halt at Nirakarpur railway station, and, connected with Nua(New) Jaganatha Sadak from Saranakul of Nayagarh district [through Rameswar Junction and Jankia on NH16] to ShreeJagannath Dham Puri[Shreekshetra]. Bus services to Bhubaneswar, Khordha, Puri, Sarankul, Odagaon, Maninageswari Temple Ranpur, Brahmapur, Tarataini, Singhashini, Hinjilikatu are available. Other villages connected to and depending on this small township (Nirakarpur) along with other forty-five surrounding villages, depend on the Nirakarpur Railway Station and Bus stand for their daily transport needs.

References
 https://web.archive.org/web/20140222014429/http://www.holidayiq.com/destinations/Nirakarpur-Overview-9897.html

Khordha district


title: Sallqaqucha wallata warak'ay

text:
Sallqaqucha wallata warak'ay (Quechua sallqa wild, qucha, lake, Sallqaqucha a lake of the Lares District, wallata Andean goose, warak'ay to hit with a sling or slingshot, which might be translated as "hitting the Andean goose of Sallqaqucha with a sling") is a typical dance of the Sacred Valley in the Cusco Region in Peru. It is mainly danced by the communities around the village and the lake named Sallqaqucha (Salcacocha, Salqa Qocha) in the Lares District of the Calca Province.

See also
 Ch'iqun
 Killaqucha
 Lares trek
 Peruvian dances
 Pumawank'a
 Qhapaq Saya
 Qiwñaqucha
 Siriwani

Sources

Peruvian dances
Native American dances
Cusco Region


title: Beautiful Noise (Lee Kernaghan album)

text:
Beautiful Noise is the eleventh studio album released by Australian country musician Lee Kernaghan. The album was recorded over two years in Sydney and Nashville and was released on 19 October 2012. The album peaked at 9 on the ARIA Charts in November 2012  and was certified gold in 2013.

A deluxe tour edition was released in May 2013.

At the 2014 Country Music Awards of Australia, Beautiful Noise won Top Selling Album of the Year.

Track listing
 Standard Edition
 "Beautiful Noise" - 3:29
 "Dirt Music" - 3:46
 "Bang Bang (Shooting from the Heart)" - 3:35
 "Keeping On" - 3:30
 "Ute Me" - 3:04
 "Splash" - 3:33
 "Flying With the King" - 3:28
 "It's Only Country" - 3:15
 "New Kind of High" (Featuring Robby K.)- 3:21
 "Party Town" - 3:41
 "Peace Love & Country" - 3:46

Deluxe Tour Edition (bonus tracks)
 "Lights on the Hill" (with The Wolfe Brothers) - 3:30
 "I'm Already Taken" (with Robby X) - 3:12
 "Australian Boy" (Bathurst Version) - 3:11
 "Get Off My Land" - 2:55
 "Mr. Goodtime" (with Colt Ford) - 3:49
 "Hero to the Nation" (Phar Lap Theme) - 2:19
 "Beautiful Noise "(V8 Supercars Anthem) - 3:10

DVD
 "Ute Me"  (Official Music Video)
 "Flying With the King" (Official Music Video)
 "Beautiful Noise" (Official Music Video)
 "Lights on the Hill" (with The Wolfe Brothers)
 "Boys From The Bush" (Live at CMC Rocks The Hunter)
 "Missin' Slim" (Live at CMC Rocks The Hunter)
 "Texas QLD 4385" (Live at CMC Rocks The Hunter)
 "Australian Boy" (Live at the Bathurst 1000)
 "Beautiful Noise" (Live at Bathurst 1000)

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Certifications

References

2012 albums
Lee Kernaghan albums


title: Andrew Fezza

text:
Andrew Fezza is an Italian American menswear designer, sometimes described as the "Giorgio Armani of America".

Early life
Andrew Fezza was born in 1955 in Connecticut, and studied biology and sociology at Boston College with the intention of becoming a dentist. Following a visit to Florence where he saw Italian fashions first hand, he enrolled at the Fashion Institute of Technology in New York where he met his future wife, Marilyn.

Career
After graduation, Fezza worked as a design assistant for the womenswear company Schrader Sport on Seventh Avenue, while producing a line of men's sweaters in the evenings that were bought by the New York menswear shop 'Camouflage'. In 1979, he and his future wife, Marilyn, launched their apparel company in a small apartment in Greenwich Village, specializing in men's sportswear and leather clothing. They added a womenswear line in 1984, which was designed by Marilyn.

Andrew Fezza was presented by the GFT USA Corporation (a subsidiary of the Italian company Gruppo GFT), which had already provided support to the successful designers Emanuel Ungaro, Louis Féraud and Valentino, and launched Giorgio Armani to fame. GFT, who in 1988, retailed Armani suits for $700–900 apiece, wanted to offer comparable quality but lower-priced (at $300–400) suits to the consumer with a tighter clothing budget, and following market research, decided that their new line needed a name designer, ideally a young American creating European-style garments. Fezza fit this profile, and as he was not a "big star", would not cost GFT too much money to acquire. His Firma line, offering the Armani look for lower prices, was a commercial success, and Fezza, according to the GFT marketing and image people, was "a designer people can relate to." Although the Firma line was in demand, GFT were careful to limit its availability, stating in 1988 that they were "building a whole romantic image [...] creating a hero" and wanted to keep the line exclusive and avoid overselling. By 1992, Andrew and Marilyn Fezza were taking in $21 million a year in clothing sales.

In 1992, Fezza left GFT, launching his solo collections for spring 1993. His plan was to shift the focus of the Andrew Fezza brand to sportswear rather than tailoring, and offer more unisex clothing under his Fez brand, which he introduced in 1991. He also reduced prices, making his products more affordable, selling shirts for $75 rather than $150, and sport coats for $175 to $325, rather than $375–550.

In 2010, Andrew and Marilyn created a multimedia production company called Seven Sisters Productions, LLC. 7Sisters Media is a global female empowerment platform "designed to disrupt mainstream media and create intelligent, meaningful programming tailored to young women."

Awards
In 1984, Fezza was the last recipient of the Coty Award for menswear. His win was seen as significant as the Coty Awards had been criticized for becoming too predictable. Fezza had previously been nominated in 1981, when he received a Menswear Special Award following an executive decision by the organisers that, as Calvin Klein, Geoffrey Beene, and Ralph Lauren had all rejected their Cotys, all nominees would receive an award.

Fezza has also received the Council of Fashion Designers of America Award for Menswear, the Cutty Sark Award for Outstanding Designer, and the Chrysler/Cartier Stargazer Award for Best New American Designer.

References

1955 births
American fashion designers
American people of Italian descent
Living people
Place of birth missing (living people)
Morrissey College of Arts & Sciences alumni
Fashion Institute of Technology alumni
Businesspeople from Connecticut
Menswear designers


title: Alison M. Gingeras

text:
Alison M. Gingeras is an American curator and writer, based in New York and Warsaw. She has held positions at numerous institutions including the Guggenheim Museum, the Musée national d'art moderne, Centre Pompidou and the Palazzo Grassi.  As a writer she contributes to publications such as Artforum, Parkett and Tate Etc. When working as curator for contemporary art at the Centre Pompidou in Paris (1999 - 2004), she organized several exhibitions, including ‘Dear Painter, Paint Me: Painting the Figure Since Late Picabia’; ‘Daniel Buren Le Musee qui n’existait pas’, as well as projects with Urs Fischer, Thomas Hirschhorn and Kristin Baker. In 2005, she was a co-curator of Daniel Buren: ‘The Eye of the Storm’ at the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum in New York. She has been curating a small project space in New York's east village since 2012 called Oko.

Criticism
Of her exhibition at the Frieze Art Fair in London, "Sex Work: Feminist Art & Radical Politics," Hyperallergic's Zachary Small questioned its politicized intent, writing:

References

Living people
American art curators
American women curators
Writers from New York (state)
Year of birth missing (living people)
21st-century American women


title: Alexander Osipenko (athlete)

text:
Alexander Osipenko (Осипенко, Александр Викторович ; born December 29, 1984) is a Russian ice hockey player. He is currently playing with HC Spartak Moscow of the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL).

Osipenko made his Kontinental Hockey League (KHL) debut playing with HC Vityaz Podolsk during the 2009–10 KHL season.

References

External links

1984 births
Living people
HC Spartak Moscow players
Russian ice hockey forwards
Ice hockey people from Moscow


title: Lund's Tower

text:
Lund's Tower is a stone-built folly situated to the south-west of the North Yorkshire village of Sutton-in-Craven. It is also known as Cowling Pinnacle, Sutton Pinnacle, the Ethel Tower, the Jubilee Tower or, in conjunction with the nearby Wainman's Pinnacle, the pair are referred to as the Salt and Pepper Pots.

It is listed in the National Heritage List for England at Grade II.

History
James Lund (1829–1903) commissioned the Keighley architectural firm of R. B. Broster & Sons to design the tower, which was built in 1887. Different reasons have been given for why Lund wanted the folly built: local residents refer to it as the Ethel Tower, believing it was constructed either to celebrate the birth of Lund's daughter Ethel – or her 21st birthday; others refer to it as the Jubilee Tower,  believing it commemorated the 1887 jubilee of Queen Victoria. It is also known as Sutton Pinnacle.

Lund was the son of William Lund, the owner of William Lund & Son, a large textile manufacturing business. In 1852, James Lund married Mary Sarah Spencer, the daughter of William Spencer, a wealthy landowner. The construction of Lund Mausoleum in Utley Cemetery, Keighley was also commissioned by Lund in 1895. Malsis Hall at Cross Hills and Ellerton Hall beside York were also owned by Lund. A new Malsis Hall was built by him in 1862 and became Malsis School in 1920. When Lund died in January 1903, his estate totalled £606,679, equivalent to about £62,468,366 as of 2012.

Set on the top of Earl Crag, Lund's Tower is in the same vicinity as Wainman's Pinnacle, which is also Grade II listed but constructed in 1898 to commemorate the Napoleonic Wars. The pair of monuments are known locally as the Salt and Pepper Pots.

The tower received Grade II listing in the National Heritage List for England in October 1984 under the designation number 1131781.

Architecture
Crenellated battlements adorn the eleven-metre tall tower, which is constructed from squared-dressed stone. It has a plinth and an unreadable plaque. The interior has a stone built spiral staircase of thirty-nine steps. There is also a viewing platform.

Gallery

References
Notes

Citations

Bibliography

Folly towers in England
Grade II listed buildings in North Yorkshire
Towers completed in 1887
Craven District


title: Salvatore Iacolino

text:
Salvatore Iacolino (born 18 November 1963, Favara) is an Italian politician.

Early life and career
In 1981 he graduated from the classical high school in Agrigento. He graduated in Law from the University of Palermo and from 1992 became an official and manager of the Public Administration in the health sector in the province of Agrigento. He became the administrative director of the ASL n. 1 of Agrigento (2001-2005). In 2005 he was appointed by the regional council chaired by Salvatore Cuffaro, general manager of the ASL n 6 of Palermo (until 2009).

Politics
He was appointed municipal assessor of Agrigento from 1997 to 2001 by the mayor Calogero Sodano, in Forza Italia. On 6 and 7 June 2009 he ran for the European Parliament, being elected from the ranks of the People of Freedom. He officially took office on July 14 of the same year. He became Vice-President of the Commission for Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs of the European Parliament until 2014.

In the Sicilian regional elections of 2012 he was a candidate for the Sicilian Regional Assembly on the list of the PDL in the Agrigento constituency, but he was not elected despite the 4,972 preferences. In the general election of 2013 he was candidate to the Senate with the Great South list in Sicily (in second place, behind Gianfranco Miccichè), he was not elected. It therefore joined Forza Italia.

In 2014 he was again a candidate to the European Parliament on the Forza Italia list, but he was not re-elected, so he returned as administrative manager to the provincial health authority of Agrigento.

In the Sicilian regional elections of November 5, 2017 he ran for the ARS again with the Union of the Centre in the province of Agrigento, but was not elected.

References

1963 births
Living people
People from Favara, Sicily
MEPs for Italy 2009–2014
European People's Party MEPs
Forza Italia politicians
The People of Freedom politicians
Forza Italia (2013) politicians
Union of the Centre (2002) politicians
Politicians from the Province of Agrigento


title: Narendra Kumar (mountaineer)

text:
Colonel Narendra Kumar, PVSM, KC, AVSM, FRGS (8 December 1933 – 31 December 2020) was an Indian soldier and mountaineer. He is known for his expeditions across various mountain ranges such as the Himalayas and Karakorams, and respective subranges such as the Pir Panjals and Saltoro Mountains. His reconnaissance efforts on the Siachen glacier were key to the Indian Army's reclamation of the forward posts of the glacier in Operation Meghdoot in 1984. He was the deputy leader of the first successful Indian Mount Everest expedition in 1965.

He was a recipient of multiple military and civilian honours including the Param Vishisht Seva Medal, Kirti Chakra, and the Padma Shri.

Early life
Kumar was born in Rawalpindi, British India on 8 December 1933, in a Punjabi Hindu family. He had three brothers and two sisters; he and his brothers joined the Indian Army. In 1947, he took part in the World Scout Jamboree to Paris at the age of 13, representing the then state of Punjab. He returned to a partitioned India. Most Muslims on his ship were de-boarded in Karachi while everyone else landed in Bombay. His parents had moved to Shimla after the partition of India.

Army life and mountaineering
Kumar joined the Indian Army in 1950. At the Joint Services Wing (then at the Indian Military Academy in Dehradun) he earned his nickname "Bull," during a boxing match against a senior cadet, Sunith Francis Rodrigues, later the Chief of the Army Staff. He would lose that bout, but the nickname that he would earn from that fight, "Bull," would stay on through the rest of his career. He was commissioned with the Kumaon Rifles, a regiment of the Indian Army, as a second lieutenant on 6 June 1954, and was promoted lieutenant on 6 June 1956.  During his service with the regiment, he was exposed to winter sports and mountaineering.

In 1958, when he opted for the mountaineering course at Himalayan Mountaineering Institute (HMI), Darjeeling, he was first refused by his Regimental Centre Commandant. However, he was allowed when he expressed his readiness to skip his annual leave to complete the course. After getting in, and with the Principal out on an expedition, Kumar was under Tenzing Norgay, one of the first two individuals known to ascend Mount Everest, who looked after the course as Director of Field Training. Here his interest in mountaineering was further piqued. He soon became a good friend of Tenzing Norgay. He was also put in charge of the course for the officers.

1958: Trishul mountain expedition

As leader, Kumar's first expedition to the Trisul mountains was suggested by Norgay. The expedition was initially sponsored by a New York Times correspondent. When the Director of Military Intelligence got to know that the Principal of HMI was undertaking an expedition with foreign money, he stopped the entire program. However, the HMI Principal provided an explanation to General Thimayya, the Chief of Army Staff. General Thimayya crowdfunded the money, making Kumar rather unpopular at the time at his Regimental Centre. Personally, he had to sell his motorbike and radio transistor to raise funds. At the time, neither he nor the team had proper mountaineering gear. For their feet, they would wear alternating layers of socks and polythene so as to keep their feet warm and dry. In March 1958, he led the successful Army and Navy expedition to the Trisul mountains []. Later in his career, Kumar would successfully ski down the Trisul mountains, the highest summit to ever be skied down at the time.

1960: First Indian Everest expedition
In 1959, senior Indian government officials sent a letter to all mountaineers about an Indian Everest expedition including information about its cost and contributions towards it. Through his Brigade Commander, Kumar, who was still reeling from the finances of the first expedition, was able to contribute  to the expedition. A pre-expedition climb helped select the final team for the ascent and Kumar made it to the first list. The final team was well prepared and well equipped. It consisted of five climbers, a doctor, a signals officer, 50 Sherpas, and 70 porters (the porters would return from base camp). However, the team was not able to successfully reach the summit. Kumar became the first Indian to ascend to []. He was promoted captain on 6 June of that year.

1961–1964: Barahoti, Nilkantha and Nanda Devi
One of the first army operations that Kumar was sent to was to Barahoti (known to the Chinese as Wuje). He was to lead the mission. Before the mission, Prime Minister Nehru himself asked Kumar if he was ready for the mission. He had the entire government machinery to get things done within the limited time frame. He chose his team from members of the para platoon. Lance Naik Hansa Datt was Kumar's buddy. The importance of the mission lay in the fact that the Chinese considered Barahoti as their territory. On the successful completion of the mission, Kumar was congratulated by the Prime Minister, Defence Minister and senior army commanders. A Dakota supply aircraft had crashed on its way back from a supply drop to the group. When he heard of the news, he went back for the bodies.

In 1961, he led a five-member expedition to scale Neelkanth [] in the Garhwal Himalayas. In this trip, he lost four toes with frostbite and stopped 200m below the summit. In 1964, he was the first Indian to scale Nanda Devi, India's second highest peak.

1965: Everest expedition, Kangchenjunga climb and onwards

Kumar was the deputy leader of a nine-member Indian Everest Expedition in 1965, that successfully summited the mountain. In 1970 he led the first recognised ascent of [] Jomolhari (Chomo Lhari), the highest mountain in Bhutan.  The King of Bhutan sponsored the expedition and the Indian Military with a team comprising Indians and Royal Bhutan Army personnel supported by Sherpas from Darjeeling. On 9 June 1966, by now an acting major, Kumar was appointed Principal of the Himalayan Mountaineering Institute, with the local rank of lieutenant-colonel. He was promoted substantive major on 6 June the following year. On 21 January 1971, he was appointed Principal of the Ski School at Gulmarg, with the local rank of lieutenant-colonel.

In 1977, Kumar led the first successful ascent of the Kangchenjunga, the third highest mountain in the world, from the north eastern side. This was a feat that was considered by some as greater than climbing Everest. For 45 years numerous expeditions tried the ascent but failed. He wrote in the American Alpine Club's publication that the team consisted entirely of personnel from the Indian Army – sixteen climbers and two doctors. On 31 May 1977, two men from the team, Major Prem Chand and Naik Nima Dorje Sherpa reached the summit.

Kumar was promoted colonel on 2 March 1979. In 1981, he was a member of the Antarctica Task Force, chartered with acclimatising and training the first Indian expedition to the continent, led by S. Z. Qasim, in 1982. In 1983, he summited Kamet [] and Abi Gamin []. During his mountaineering career, he ascended above [] on Mount Everest, more than twenty times. He also became the commandant of the Gulmarg based High Altitude Warfare School and Principal of the Himalayan Mountaineering Institute. Kumar also made the first rafting descent of the Indus River in Ladakh and the river Teesta in Sikkim. He retired from the Indian Army in 1984.

Mountaineering expeditions to Siachen

Kumar's mountaineering efforts on the Siachen Glacier began when he was approached by a German rafter, in 1977, to help him with a descent on the Nubra river. At this time Kumar was the commanding officer of the Indian Army's High Altitude Warfare School. Kumar, spotting a cartographic error in the US demarcated map, which incorrectly showed the line marking the ceasefire agreement between India and Pakistan, took his findings in January 1978 to Lieutenant General M. L. Chibber, then India's Director of Military Operations. Chiber obtained the necessary permissions for Kumar to lead a reconnaissance mission to the glacier.

Starting at the snoutof the glacier, the team went to the mid-way point from where a summit team of three completed its ascent of Teram Kangri II [], at the southern end of Shaksgam Valley. The team was helped by the Indian Air Force with rations and other logistical support. The team returned with remains left behind by Pakistan's incursions into the region.

In April 1981, Kumar returned to the Siachen Glacier with a 70-member team. This time, the team would start from the Saltoro Mountains. In this expedition, he would become the first to climb the Siachen Glacier, the world's second longest non–polar glacier. In a period of eight weeks, the team would summit Saltoro Kangri I (25,400 feet) and Sia Kangri I (24,350 ft), hike to the top of Indira Col at 24,493 ft, and ski to Bilafond La, Saltoro Pass, Sia La, Turkistan La and Pass Italia passes on Saltoro. Kumar published accounts of his expeditions in the news magazine The Illustrated Weekly of India, as well as reports in the Himalayan Journal (see Writings). The first account was of the Teram Kangri I ascent in October 1978. The second account was in 1981 of Sia Kangri and Saltoro Kangri.

Kumar's expeditions to the Siachen glacier, and the detailed topographical mapping exercise, as well as photographs and videos from his expeditions helped the then Prime Minister of India, Indira Gandhi, to authorise Operation Meghdoot. Crediting Kumar's contributions being instrumental in the Indian Army's efforts to ending Pakistan's occupation of the glacier, Lieutenant General V. R. Raghavan, commanding officer of the operation, called him 'a mountain of information'.

Personal life
Kumar was married to Mridula Sadgopal on 21 February 1966. Their daughter, Shailaja Kumar (born 1967), competed in the 1988 Winter Olympics in Calgary, Canada in alpine skiing, and was the first Indian female winter Olympian. Their son, Akshay Kumar (1969–2020), ran Mercury Himalayan Explorations, an adventure travel and rafting company. In 1985, his youngest brother, Major K. I. Kumar also went on to ascend Mount Everest; however, he would die on a fall from a height of 8,500 m. Kumar went to retrieve his brothers body, this would be his last time on Everest.

Kumar lived in Delhi until his death at the Army Research and Referral Hospital in Delhi on 31 December 2020. He was aged 87.

Awards and recognition

Kumar's mountaineering achievements were recognised by military and civilian awards and honours. He was awarded the Padma Shri, India's fourth highest civilian honour, and the Arjuna Award, in 1965, for the first Indian Everest Expedition of 1965. He remains the only Colonel to have received the Param Vishisht Seva Medal. He also received the Army's Kirti Chakra and Ati Vishisht Seva Medal. He was awarded the Indian Mountaineering Foundation's gold medal for his mountaineering achievements. In 2010, he was presented the MacGregor Medal, by the United Service Institution of India, for his military reconnaissance and exploration efforts of remote Indian areas between 1978 and 1981. Kumar was also a Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society.

The Indian Army's Siachen Battalion HQ in the Siachen Glacier is named as "Kumar Base" in his honour; the base is also a logistics forwarding post.

He was also awarded a United Nations fellowship for ski teaching. He had also trained in Austria and Switzerland as a ski-trainer.

Medal bar

In popular culture
 A film titled 'Bull', based on the life of Narendra Bull Kumar has been announced in January 2021. Producers Ramon Chibb and Anku Pande have acquired the rights for the film.

Writings

 Col N. Kumar (1981). Teram Kangri II Expedition. The Himalayan Journal (Vol.37)
 Col N. Kumar (1983). The Indian Army Expedition To The Eastern Karakoram, 1981. The Himalayan Journal (Vol.39)
 Kumar, Narinder; Malhotra, Kapil; Pasricha, Ram Nath (1987). Kamet east, Kamet west: the Kumaoni Expedition. New Delhi, India: Vision Books. .

See also
Mountain warfare
Oropolitics
Actual Ground Position Line
Bana Singh
Robert D. Hodgson
Indian summiters of Mount Everest - Year wise
List of Mount Everest summiters by number of times to the summit
List of Mount Everest records of India
List of Mount Everest records
Siachen Base Camp (India)

Notes

References

Sources

External links

Official tweets from the Twitter account of the Indian Army (adgpi) and Prime Minister of India on 31 December 2020 on the death of Kumar.

1933 births
2020 deaths
Indian Army officers
Recipients of the Param Vishisht Seva Medal
Recipients of the Padma Shri in sports
Recipients of the Arjuna Award
Indian mountain climbers
Siachen conflict
People from Rawalpindi
Fellows of the Royal Geographical Society
Recipients of the MacGregor Medal
Recipients of Indian Mountaineering Foundation's Gold Medal
Mountain climbers from Punjab, India


title: Strobiloideae

text:
The Strobiloideae are an obsolete taxonomic name, a subclass of both Monocotyledons and Dicotyledons proposed by Charles Bessey in 1915  in his taxonomic classification of plants. In this sense by not being unique it breaks the rules of botanical nomenclature as currently used, however Bessey actually used a qualifying hyphenation (Alternifoliae-Strobiloideae and Oppositifoliae-Strobiloideae), a distinction not always recognised in reference to this scheme.

Bessey believed in the strobiloid theory of plant evolution that postulated that the Angiospermae (flowering plants) originated from Cycadophyta, and that flowers originated from a primitive vegetative shoot that developed into a structure with perianth, stamens and carpels. From this arose two lines, the Strobiloideae (or Ranalian line) with connation of like parts and the Cotyloideae (or Rosalian line) with connation of unlike parts, which he assigned as the two subclasses of monocots (called Alternifoliae by Bessey), but also of dicots (called Oppositifoliae by Bessey).

Subdivisions
The Alternifoliae Strobiloideae had five orders, arranged as follows:

1 subclassis Strobiloideae
ordo Alismatales
ordo Liliales
ordo Arales
ordo Palmales
ordo Graminales

of these, the Alismatales were considered the most primitive.

while the Oppositifoliae Strobiloideae had fourteen arranged in three superorders:

2 classis Oppositifoliae
1 superordo Apopetalae-Polycarpellatae
2 superordo Sympetalae-Polycarpellatae
3 superordo Sympetalae-Dicarpellatae

References

Sources

Monocots
Historically recognized angiosperm taxa


title: Hippocampal replay

text:
Hippocampal replay is a phenomenon observed in rats, mice, cats, rabbits, songbirds and monkeys.
During sleep or awake rest, replay refers to the re-occurrence of a sequence of cell activations that also occurred during activity, but the replay has a much faster time scale. It may be in the same order, or in reverse. Cases were also found where a sequence of activations occurs before the actual activity, but it is still the same sequence. This is called preplay.

The phenomenon has mostly been observed in the hippocampus, a brain region associated with memory and spatial navigation. Specifically, the cells that exhibit this behavior are place cells, characterized by reliably increasing their activity when the animal is in a certain location in space. During navigation, the place cells fire in a sequence according to the path of the animal. In a replay instance, the cells are activated as if in response to the same spatial path, but at a much faster rate than the animal actually moved in.

Background
Place cell activity was already well established when the first study explored this phenomenon in 1989. They showed that neural activity of single place cells during sleep resembled the activity during the awake state. This activity was greater than that of other cells and this study was only the first step towards understanding replay. Subsequent studies showed that large groups of cells also demonstrated this type of increased activity during sleep. In addition, it was discovered that the order of activity of place cells was also replicated during sleep. Firing sequences of three and more neurons observed in the hippocampus during locomotion were shown to recur selectively during subsequent slow-wave sleep more likely than during the preceding sleep, and the sequence replay was compressed during high frequency oscillations. These high frequency field oscillations called ripples were observed in the sleep state and later shown to play a causal role in memory consolidation.

The next step was the discovery of replay during the awake state. In 1999, ten years after the initial discovery, neural recordings in the awake state were also shown to have replay activity. It is considerably more difficult to detect this activity in the awake state and several methods including Bayesian decoding have been used to quantify replay events that occur during short wave ripples. Recent advances include finding that replay can occur in reverse and that it has also been found to occur in different environments. The role of replay in memory consolidation in these different conditions and environments is still being explored and several theories attempt to answer this question.

Location and behavioral state
Replay can occur in several different behavioral, physiological, and environmental conditions. The first distinction between awake and sleep states may represent different roles in memory consolidation. In the sleep state, the ripple events and place cell activity similar to that of the activity in the environment define the replay events. In the sleep state, there is also a distinction between REM (rapid eye movement) and SWS (slow wave sleep) which has implications for replay events. During SWS the place cells fire in a sequential order indicating replay and possibly indicate memory consolidation. However, during REM sleep where dreams occur in humans, replay events also occurred suggesting a possible role for place cells in dreams.

In the awake state the same activity occurs, however it is more difficult to detect and the animal must be in a resting state. Lastly, there are many environments for replay events in the awake animal. The length of the track can be short or long and still be replayed by a population of place cells. In addition, replay of a single environment can occur when the animal is in that environment or in different environments. This may show that consolidation of memory is a persistent process that may occur in several different types of environments and behavioral conditions. The robustness of the replay events indicates the importance of this process.

Preplay
As mentioned above, the sequential activation of hippocampal place cells according to their place fields may occur during rest periods before the animal is actually traversing the activated path, even if the animal has never experienced it before. This suggests that hippocampal activation during rest may have a function not only in memory consolidation and retrieval, but also in planning: it contributes to the organization of the network for improving the encoding of future events.

Sensory cue for activation
Sensory stimuli can induce replay events or enhance the replay: in the awake state, replay often begins from the current location and continue either forward or backward in time, and nearby locations are more likely to be the place fields of neurons exhibiting replay than far away locations. This is like cued memory retrieval, where a sensory input triggers retrieval of similar or relevant memories. The cue may even trigger a replay in a different environment, if the place cells cued represent a location in a different environment in addition to the current location of the animal.

Interaction with cortex
Several studies are beginning to understand that replay may not only occur in the hippocampus. Replay has been linked to coherent activity in cortical regions of the default mode network. After learning, similar replay events occurred in both the thalamus and cortex. In addition, the visual cortex showed population activity that was both coordinated into discrete time regions and that it occurred simultaneously with activity in the hippocampus. Concurrent re-activation in the hippocampus and cortex may demonstrate that memory consolidation requires cortical input/output to maintain a memory. This hypothesis fits well with the idea that the cortex plays an integral role in memory retrieval after consolidation occurs. Therefore, hippocampal replay may play the role of information transfer between the hippocampus and cortex, yet this idea requires further verification.

Function in memory
Hippocampal replay in the awake state has been implicated, though not demonstrated, to correlate with performance in navigation tasks after the replay event . Replay may play a role in consolidation of memories related to spatial location, although a clear causal relationship between replay and memory consolidation is still unproven. Furthermore, replay also seems to be related to memory retrieval: it is activated by cues that also trigger memory retrieval, and in situations that require it, such as planning a trajectory based on the consequences of past choices. This relationship is also still only correlative, but there are studies showing evidence for the necessity of replay in successful memory retrieval.

Replay is likely to participate in both the consolidation of memories and in building a cognitive map. Replay is also likely to play an important role in generating and maintaining a value map, which is a proposed variation of cognitive map in which memories are reinforced according to their values.

In studies done to monitor the patterns of the hippocampal replay of events happening in the minds of the rats, it was discovered that they rely heavily on long term re-playable memories for their daily lives. To determine if the animals could really retain the memories scientists set up a series of episodic events (i.e. a series of tunnels, a maze, a track full of twists and turns) to visualize the neuron activity as the rat completes its round around the new surroundings. The chemogenetic activating drug clozapine N-oxide (CNO), but not vehicle, reversibly impairs episodic memory replay in rats previously injected bilaterally in the hippocampus with a recombinant viral vector containing an inhibitory designer receptor exclusively activated by a designer drug (DREADD; AAV8-hSyn-hM4Di-mCherry). By contrast, two non-episodic memory assessments are unaffected by CNO, showing selectivity of this hippocampal-dependent impairment.

References

Neural coding
Hippocampus (brain)


title: Shamsurin Abdul Rahman (Malaysian footballer)

text:
Shamsurin Abdul Rahman (born 7 July 1967) is a former Malaysian footballer.

Career
Shamsurin started his career at Malacca FA, but is more known is his 7-year stint as a Sarawak FA player, whom coach Alan Vest brought together with Mazelan Wahid and Ong Kim Swee from Malacca FA in 1993. As a striker, he was partnered with players such as John Hunter, Affendi Julaihi and Alistair Edwards during his stay at Sarawak.

Shamsurin also played for Malaysia national football team, and was in the squad for the inaugural 1996 Tiger Cup tournament, where Malaysia finished as runner-up in the final against Thailand national football team. Shamsurin scored 4 goals in the tournament.

After retiring as professional player, Shamsurin moved into coaching. He coached Sarawak FA's Malaysia President Cup (under-21) squad from 2011.

References

External links
 Legendary Shamsurin Abdul Rahman
 Shamsurin tuntut pampasan
 Bujang Senang-Players Profile
 Juniors taking heart from Crocs big win

Malaysian men's footballers
Malaysia men's international footballers
Sarawak FA players
Melaka United F.C. players
Living people
1967 births
Footballers from Malacca
Men's association football forwards


title: Khusrau Shah

text:
Khusrau Shah (also spelled Khosrau Shah, Khosrow Shah, and Khusraw Shah) was the last king of the Justanids from 972 to ca. 1004. He was the son and successor of Manadhar.

The words "Khosrow" and "Shah" are both Persian words that mean "king".

Reign
During the reign of Khusrau Shah, relations between the Buyids flourished; he aided the Buyid ruler Adud al-Dawla in his campaigns by reinforcing him with Daylamite troops. When Khusrau Shah was sick, Adud al-Dawla sent one of his physicians, Jibrail III, to treat him. Fanna Khusraw (Adud al-Dawla) married the sister of Khusrau Shah, who bore him Taj al-Dawla (Abu'l-Husain Ahmad) and Diya' al-Dawla (Abu Tahir Firuzshah). Khusrau Shah's brother Fuladh ibn Manadhar was a prominent Buyid officer who held much influence in the Buyid court of Baghdad.

Khusrau Shah died ca. 1004. The name of his successor is unknown, but the dynasty continued to rule in Rudbar until the late 11th-century.

References

Sources

1004 deaths
10th-century Iranian people
11th-century Iranian people
10th-century monarchs in the Middle East
Justanids
Year of birth unknown


title: Abbot Low Moffat

text:
Abbot Low Moffat (May 12, 1901 – April 17, 1996) was an American lawyer, politician and diplomat from New York.

Life and career
Moffat was born on May 12, 1901, on the Upper East Side of Manhattan. He graduated from Harvard University in 1923, and from Columbia Law School in 1926. He then traveled around Asia and Australia for some time, and became interested in history and geography. He was admitted to the bar in 1927 and practiced law in New York City. He also entered politics as a Republican.

He was a member of the New York State Assembly (New York Co., 15th D.) from 1929 to 1943. He was Chairman of the Committee on the Affairs of New York City in 1934, and Chairman of the Committee on Ways and Means from 1936 to 1943. He was a delegate to the New York State Constitutional Convention of 1938. He proposed, and then sponsored legislation, to build the New York State Thruway.

Moffat resigned his seat on August 16, 1943, to accept a post at the U.S. Department of State. He headed the department's South-East Asia Division from 1944 to 1947, then served in a variety of diplomatic posts: from 1947 to 1948 in Greece, from 1948 to 1950 in Great Britain, from 1950 to 1952 in Burma, and from 1957 to 1960 in Ghana. From 1954 to 1956, he worked for the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development.

In 1961, Moffat retired from the diplomatic service and moved to Princeton, New Jersey. That same year, he published a biography of King Mongkut of Siam.

He died on April 17, 1996, at a retirement home in Hightstown, New Jersey, of cancer. Ambassador Jay Pierrepont Moffat (1896–1943) was his brother, and Ambassador Jay Pierrepont Moffat Jr. (born 1932) is his nephew.

References

External links
 The Abbot Low Moffat Papers in the M. E. Grenander Department of Special Collections & Archives of the University at Albany

1901 births
1996 deaths
Politicians from the Upper East Side
Republican Party members of the New York State Assembly
Harvard University alumni
Columbia Law School alumni
Politicians from Princeton, New Jersey
Deaths from cancer in New Jersey
20th-century American politicians


title: Denis Ignashin

text:
Denis Ignashin (Денис Игнашин, born March 31, 1988) is a Russian ice hockey player. He is currently playing with Torpedo Ust-Kamenogorsk of the Supreme Hockey League (VHL).

Ignashin played eighteen games in the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL) with HC Spartak Moscow during the 2013–14 KHL season.

References

External links

1988 births
Living people
Kazzinc-Torpedo players
HC Spartak Moscow players
Russian ice hockey forwards
People from Cherepovets
Saryarka Karagandy players
Yermak Angarsk players
HC Yugra players
Yuzhny Ural Orsk players
Sportspeople from Vologda Oblast


title: Alastair MacLennan

text:
Alastair MacLennan (born 1943 in Blair Atholl, Perthshire, Scotland) is one of Britain's major practitioners of live art. Since 1975, he is based in Belfast, Northern Ireland. He is a founding member of Belfast's Bbeyond Performance Art International. before that he was a founder member of Belfast's Art and Research Exchange. He is member of the performance art collective Black Market International (BMI).

He studied at the Duncan of Jordanstone College of Art and Design of the University of Dundee in 1960-65. 1966-68 he received his Master of Fine Arts from the School of the Art Institute of Chicago, Chicago. He now is emeritus professor in fine art, University of Ulster in Belfast, honorary fellow of the Dartington College of Arts, Devon, and honorary associate of the National Review of Live Art, Glasgow. He retired from his professorship in 2008 and continues as emeritus professor for fine art, University of Ulster.

MacLennan's live work is prevailingly long durational. Early on MacLennan decided never to contract with a gallery or commercial dealer formally. He believed his art is a spiritual practice where the artist shares the whole process with the public who experience the process as it is created, not just an artwork but a process of exploration and discovery. There should be no separation between the process and the making and the final result; it must remain all  one. In later years MacLennan evolved a practice informed by Zen insights. MacLennan has a worldwide following among artists, critics, and art historians. One outcome of how MacLennan's practice is that he did not build relationships with museums. The Ulster Museum has 129 works on paper. More than 100 are in the Demarco European Art Foundation Archive, Edinburgh. Another large cache of drawings and objects are in the Summerhall Arts Collection, Edinburgh. Several publications are being planned to give a history and complete overview of MacLennan's seminal history. He is very probably the world's most experienced performance artist. It is inconceivable that any other has performed so often or in so many different parts of the world. MacLennan says, as is also true of the great performance artist Joseph Beuys, all his performances are part of a single gesamtkunstwerk continuum.

Alastair MacLennan represented Ireland at the Venice Biennale, with inter-media work commemorating the names of all those who died as a result of the Political Troubles in Northern Ireland, from 1969 to then date (1997). During the 1970s and 1980s he made some long, non-stop performances in Britain, America and Canada, of up to 144 hours duration. Subject matter dealt with political, social and cultural malfunction. In recent years he has traveled extensively in Europe, Asia, North America and Canada, presenting Actuations (performance/installations). Since 1989 he has been a member of the performance art entity, Black Market International, which performs globally.

During the 1970s and 1980s he presented long durational performances in Britain and America, of up to 144 hours. His work looks into political, social, religious, ethical and aesthetical questions. He has performed since 1972 more than 600 art performances in countries across the world, in galleries, museums, festivals and public spaces. His most recent performances were in the 2017 Edinburgh Festival including performing with Sandra Johnston at Summerhall alongside his second retrospective of works on paper and objects and installations relating to his performances entitled Lie To Lay and a catalogue entitled Air A Lair. His first retrospective was at The Ormeau Baths Gallery Belfast with a catalogue publication called Knot Knot, 2003.

MacLennan performs often with Sandra Johnston. She is an artist from Northern Ireland working in areas of site-responsive performance that like MacLennan explores creative responses in the aftermath of trauma, such as, acts of commemoration that exist as forms of testimony and empathetic encounter. Johnston is the ‘Ré Soupault’ Guest Professor at the Bauhaus University, Weimar, and Course Leader of the BxNU MFA at Northumbria University, England, and is also a co-founder of two artist-run collectives in Belfast, Catalyst Arts & BBeyond.

For MacLennan's performances and installations he uses the term “Actuations”. In Autumn 2017, he is performing in several cities in North America.

See also
 Black Market International (BMI)
 Lee Wen
 Norbert Klassen
 List of performance artists

References

External links
 Alastair MacLennan on The Online Resource for Visual Arts
 Summerhall tv filmed interview 2017
 Summerhall Festival, Edinburgh, 2017

Scottish performance artists
Irish performance artists
1943 births
Living people
Alumni of the University of Dundee
School of the Art Institute of Chicago alumni
Alumni of Hospitalfield House


title: Brunei–France relations

text:
Brunei and France have had diplomatic relations since 1984. Brunei has an embassy in Paris, and France has an embassy in Bandar Seri Begawan.

History

Relations between the two countries have been established since 8 May 1984. In 1996, Hassanal Bolkiah made a first state visit to France to promoted exchanges visits between officials of the two countries.

Economic relations
In 2011, trade between the two countries reached €10 million. Both companies from Brunei and France also explore opportunities in oil and gas industry, and French companies seeks to explore a possible joint ventures with Bruneian partners. In aviation, the Royal Brunei Airlines (RBA) has signed a 12-year engineering partnership agreement with Air France–KLM.

Security relations
There is also a defence co-operation between Brunei and France since the signing of a memorandum of understanding in 1999.

Further reading
 JDWC MEETING WITH FRANCE Ministry of Defence Brunei Darussalam

References

France
Bilateral relations of France


title: Gobburi Jagga Raya

text:
Gobburi Jagga Raya  (1614–1617 CE) was a de facto King of Vijayanagara Empire on behalf adopted nephew named Chenga Raya, a rival claimant to the Vijaynagara thorne. He was the brother of Venkata II’s favourite Queen Obayamma who was bequeathed the Pulicat region and belonged to the Gobburi family of Nayaks under the Vijayanagar Empire.

Life
In 1614, after the death of Venkata II, Jagga Raya murdered Sriranga II the succeeding King and his family, but Rama Deva Raya, Sriranga II’s son escape from Vellore. The murder of the Royal family created shock and horror throughout the kingdom, fomenting hatred of Jagga Raya and his group.

Thus Many nobles and chieftains deserted the Jagga Raya faction and joined Rama Deva Raya's camp, which backed a legal royal claimant. He help from the Nayaks of Gingee and Madurai, both eager to get out of the Vijayanagara bond, to attack Rama Deva and his alliance.

Battle of Toppur
Jagga Raya and his allies, the Nayaks of Madurai, Nayaks of Gingee, Chera ruler and  Portuguese from the coast assembled a large army near Tiruchirapalli. Both the Armies met at the Toppur, at an open field on the northern banks of River Cauvery, between Tiruchirapalli and Grand Anicut in late 1616.

In the Battle Jagga Raya's troops could not withstand the aggression generated by the imperial forces. Yachama Nayakadu, the Nayak of Kalahasti and Raghunatha Nayaka, the generals of the imperial camp led their forces with great discipline. Jagga Raya was slain by Yachama, and his army was broken in the ranks which subsequently took flight by early 1617.

References

 Sathianathaier, R. History of the Nayaks of Madura [microform] by R. Sathyanatha Aiyar ; edited for the University, with introduction and notes by S. Krishnaswami Aiyangar ([Madras] : Oxford University Press, 1924) ; see also ([London] : H. Milford, Oxford university press, 1924) ; xvi, 403 p. ; 21 cm. ; SAMP early 20th-century Indian books project item 10819.
K.A. Nilakanta Sastry, History of South India, From Prehistoric times to fall of Vijayanagar, 1955, OUP, (Reprinted 2002) .

17th-century Indian monarchs
1617 deaths
People from the Vijayanagara Empire
Hindu monarchs
1614 births
Indian Hindus


title: ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 24

text:
ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 24 Computer graphics, image processing and environmental data representation is a standardization subcommittee of the joint subcommittee ISO/IEC JTC 1 of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), which develops and facilitates standards within the field of computer graphics, image processing, and environmental data representation. The international secretariat of ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 24 is the British Standards Institute (BSI) located in the United Kingdom.

History
ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 24 was formed in 1987 from ISO/TC 97 as a result of Resolution 21 at the ISO/IEC JTC 1 plenary. The group's origins began in computer graphics, the standardization of which was originally under ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 21/WG 2. However, when ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 24 was created, the standardization activity of ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 21/WG 2 was carried over to the new subcommittee. The initial five working groups of ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 24 were titled, “Architecture,” “Application programming interfaces,” “Metafiles and interfaces,” “Language bindings,” and “Validation, testing and registration.” The work of ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 24 began with the Graphical Kernel System (GKS), which was adopted from ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 21/WG 2. However, since GKS only addressed 2D functionality, attention turned to the standardization of 3D functionality. This resulted in two standards being published: GKS-3D in 1988 and PHIGS in 1989, both of which addressed 3D functionality. Since 1991, ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 24 has held plenaries in a number of countries, including the Netherlands, Germany, United States, France, Canada, Japan, Sweden, Korea, United Kingdom, Australia, and Czech Republic.

Scope
The scope of ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 24 is the “Standardization of interfaces for information technology based applications relating to”:
 Computer graphics
 Image processing
 Environmental data representation
 Support for the Mixed and Augmented Reality (MAR)
 Interaction with, and visual representation of, information
Included are the following related areas:
 Modeling and simulation and related reference models
 Virtual reality with accompanying augmented reality/augmented virtuality aspects and related reference models
 Application program interfaces
 Functional specifications
 Representation models
 Interchange formats, encodings and their specifications, including metafiles
 Device interfaces
 Testing methods
 Registration procedures
 Presentation and support for creation of multimedia, hypermedia, and mixed reality documents
Excluded are the following areas:
 Character and image coding
 Coding of multimedia, hypermedia, and mixed reality document interchange formats
 JTC 1 work in user system interfaces and document presentation
 ISO/TC 207 work on ISO 14000 environment management, ISO/TC 211 work on geographic information and geomatics
 Software environments as described by ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 22

Structure
ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 24 is made up of four active working groups, each of which carries out specific tasks in standards development within the field of computer graphics, image processing and environmental data representation, together with ITU-T Study Group 16. As a response to changing standardization needs, working groups of ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 24 can be disbanded if their area of work is no longer applicable, or established if new working areas arise. The focus of each working group is described in the group's terms of reference. Active working groups of ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 24 are:

Collaborations
ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 24 works in close collaboration with a number of other organizations or subcommittees, both internal and external to ISO or IEC, in order to avoid conflicting or duplicative work. Organizations internal to ISO or IEC that collaborate with or are in liaison to ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 24 include:
 ISO/IEC JTC 1/WG 7, Sensor Networks
 ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29, Coding of audio, picture, multimedia and hypermedia information
 ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 32, Data management and interchange
 ISO/TAG 14, Imagery and technology
 ISO/TC 130, Graphic Technology
 ISO/TC 184/SC 4, Industrial data
 ISO/TC 211, Geographic information/Geomatics
 ISO/TC 215, Health informatics
 IEC TC 100, Audio, video and multimedia system and equipment

Some organizations external to ISO or IEC that collaborate with or are in liaison to ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 24 include:
 Defence Geospatial Information Working Group (DGIWG)
 Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM)
 International Hydrographic Organization (IHO)
 The Khronos Group
 NATO - Joint Intelligence Surveillance and Reconnaissance Capability Group (JISRCG)
 OMG Robotics DTF
 Open CGM
 Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC)
 SEDRIS Organization
 Simulation Interoperability Standards Organization (SISO)
 US National Imagery Transmission Format Standard (NITFS) Technical Board (US NTB)
 Web3D Consortium
 World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)
 World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)

Member countries
Countries pay a fee to ISO to be members of subcommittees.

The 10 "P" (participating) members of ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 24 are: Australia, China, Egypt, France, Japan, Republic of Korea, Portugal, Russian Federation, United Kingdom, and United States.

The 23 "O" (observer) members of ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 24 are: Argentina, Austria, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Canada, Cuba, Czech Republic, Finland, Ghana, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Islamic Republic of Iran, Italy, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Switzerland, and Thailand.

Published standards
ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 24 currently has 80 published standards under their direct responsibility within the field of computer graphics, image processing, and environmental data representation, including:

See also
 ISO/IEC JTC 1
 List of ISO standards
 British Standards Institute
 International Organization for Standardization
 International Electrotechnical Commission
 SEDRIS
 X3D

References

024
GIS software
Computer graphics


title: Giorgos Koumoutsakos

text:
Giorgos Koumoutsakos (born 17 September 1961, Athens) is a Greek politician with the liberal New Democracy party, and a member of the European parliament.

References

External links

1961 births
Living people
Politicians from Athens
MEPs for Greece 2009–2014
New Democracy (Greece) MEPs
New Democracy (Greece) politicians
Greek MPs 2015 (February–August)
Greek MPs 2015–2019
Greek MPs 2019–2023


title: Amalia Del Ponte

text:
Amalia Del Ponte (born 1936) is an Italian artist and designer. Her work has been praised by critics and art historians such as Guido Ballo, Bruno Munari, Gillo Dorfles, Arturo Schwarz, Francesco Tedeschi, Flaminio Gualdoni and Tommaso Trini. Del Ponte's work has been described as being suspended between art and science, through studies that investigate the relationship between sculpture, music, science and technology. Her international debut in the 1970s won First Prize for Sculpture at the São Paulo Art Biennial.

Early life and education
Del Ponte was born in Milan in 1936. Between 1956 and 1961 she studied sculpture under Marino Marini at the Accademia di Brera in Milan. Among her fellow students were Kengiro Azuma, Mario Robaudi and Gianni Colombo.

Career
In 1965 Amalia Del Ponte made her first sculptures in Plexiglas, based on an analysis of basic geometric shapes. Two years later Vittorio Fagone named these works Tropi during a solo show at Galleria Vismara in Milano. In the 1960s Del Ponte also designed the interiors of the fashion boutique Gulp! in Milan, and Elio Fiorucci's first shop.

Del Ponte received international acclaim in 1973 when she was invited by Bruno Munari and Umbro Apollonio to participate at the São Paulo Art Biennial, where she won First Prize for Sculpture with her work Area percettiva. In 1993, Del Ponte exhibited some of her lithophones at Fort Asperen in the Netherlands.

In 1995, Gillo Dorfles invited Del Ponte to participate at the 46th Venice Biennale, with a room dedicated to her work in the Italian Pavilion. Here she exposed an original set-up of lithophones, described as "sound stones that point out the invisible correspondences between geometric shapes, musical scales and colors".

In 2010 she created a project for Certosa Island in the Lagoon of Venice; this was a series of video installations set up in the four Case Matte. The art work, entitled Regno dei possibili, invisibili, is about how art and science make otherwise invisible reality visible.

References

Links

Living people
1936 births
Italian contemporary artists
20th-century Italian women artists
21st-century Italian women artists
Italian designers
Artists from Milan
Italian sculptors
Italian women sculptors
Brera Academy alumni


title: Tomokazu Soma

text:
(born 5 June 1977 in Kanagawa, Japan) is a Japanese rugby union player. Soma has played 24 matches for the Japan national rugby union team.
Soma played three games for Japan at the 2007 Rugby World Cup.

References

Living people
1977 births
Japanese rugby union players
Saitama Wild Knights players
Japan international rugby union players
Sportspeople from Kanagawa Prefecture


title: Government Medical College, Srinagar

text:
The Government Medical College, Srinagar (Urdu: , Kashmiri: ; also known as GMC Srinagar) is a government medical college and hospital located in Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India. It was established in 1959. It is the oldest medical college in Kashmir. The college and hospital are affiliated with the University of Kashmir and recognized by the Medical Council of India (currently National Medical Commission). The college is located in the Karan Nagar area of Srinagar, about  from Lal Chowk. The girls' hostel is located within the campus but the boys' hostel is  away. It has well-equipped labs. The selection to the college is done on the basis of merit through National Eligibility and Entrance Test.

History
In the 1950s, the government of Jammu and Kashmir realized the need for a medical college in the state. The then Prime Minister of India, Jawaharlal Nehru, laid the foundation stone of the college on 13 June 1957. The college was established under the name of Jammu and Kashmir Medical College in 1959, and its first batch of students was admitted the same year. The college was initially located at the Shri Maharaja Hari Singh Hospital in the city of Srinagar.
In 1962, the college was shifted to its present location at Karan Nagar in Srinagar, where it covers an area of around 100 acres. The college was renamed as Government Medical College Srinagar in 1970. In the same year, the college was affiliated with the University of Kashmir.
In 1982, the first batch of postgraduate students was admitted to the college. In 1998, the college was granted recognition by the Medical Council of India (MCI) for undergraduate and postgraduate medical courses.

Campus
The Government Medical College (GMC) Srinagar is located in the city of Srinagar in the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir. The college covers an area of around 100 acres and is situated in the Karan Nagar area of the city. The campus of the GMC Srinagar is well-equipped with modern facilities and amenities to provide a conducive learning environment for the students.

Academic Blocks: The college has several academic blocks that house classrooms, laboratories, and libraries. The classrooms are equipped with modern audio-visual aids, and the laboratories are equipped with advanced equipment and facilities to facilitate research and learning.

Hostels: The college has separate hostels for boys and girls, with a total capacity of around 600 students. The hostels are well-furnished and provide all basic amenities such as electricity, water supply, and security. The hostels also have a common room, dining hall, and recreation room for the students.

Auditorium: The college has a state-of-the-art auditorium that can accommodate around 500 people. The auditorium is equipped with modern audio-visual aids and is used for various academic and cultural events.

Sports Facilities: The college has a playground and facilities for outdoor sports such as basketball, while as cricket and football ground in the boys hostel campus.

Associated hospitals
Currently there are eight associated hospitals of Government Medical College, Srinagar:

 SMHS (Sri Maharaja Hari Singh Hospital), also Known as Sadar Haspataal or Headwun
 G.B Pant, Children Hospital, Sonwar Srinagar (Bache Haspataal)
 Lal Ded Maternity Hospital, Hazuri Bag Srinagar (LD Haspataal)
 Psychiatric Diseases Hospital, Srinagar (Mental Haspataal)
 Chest Diseases Hospital Dalgate, Srinagar (Drokjan Haspataal)
 Bone and Joint Hospital Barzulla, Srinagar
 Chitranjan Mobile Hospital
 Superspeciality Hospital, Shireen Bagh

Alumni and faculty
 Rafiq Ahmad Pampori (former principal)

References

Universities and colleges established in 1959
1959 establishments in Jammu and Kashmir
Kashmir
Srinagar district
Medical colleges in Jammu and Kashmir


title: Public Papers of the Presidents

text:
The Public Papers of the Presidents contain the papers and speeches of the presidents of the United States that were issued by the White House Office of the Press Secretary. The series constitutes a special edition of the Federal Register.

The Public Papers series is compiled and published by the Office of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records Administration. Each volume generally covers a six-month period of a given administration and presents content in chronological order, with headings providing the dates of the documents or events. In instances when the release date differs from the date of the document itself, the date of public release is shown in the textnote.

Methodology

Remarks are checked against an audio recording (if available) or read aloud against official transcripts (if no audio source is available), and signed documents are checked against the original with exacting attention paid to preserving the integrity of the signed document. Textnotes and cross references are provided by the editors for purposes of identification or clarity, usually of notable people referred to by the President or others participating in an event. Speeches are assumed to have been delivered in Washington, DC, unless otherwise indicated in the item heading. The times noted are assumed to be local times. All materials printed in full text in the book are indexed in the subject and name indexes and listed in the document categories list. With few exceptions, deceased people are not indexed by name. The notes are intended for the general reader, and specific criteria govern decisions about inclusion in or exclusion from the note with an eye toward keeping references standardized, succinct, and useful.

History

The Public Papers of the Presidents series was begun in 1957 in response to a recommendation of the National Historical Publications Commission. An extensive compilation of messages and papers of the Presidents covering the period 1789 to 1897 was assembled by James D. Richardson and published under congressional authority between 1896 and 1899. Since then, various private compilations have been issued, but there was no uniform publication comparable to the Congressional Record or the United States Supreme Court Reports. Many Presidential papers could be found only in the form of mimeographed White House releases or as reported in the press. The Commission therefore recommended the establishment of an official series in which Presidential writings, addresses, and remarks of a public nature could be made available. The Commission’s recommendation was incorporated in regulations of the Administrative Committee of the Federal Register, issued under section 6 of the Federal Register Act (44 U.S.C. 1506), which may be found in title 1, part 10, of the Code of Federal Regulations.

Related publications

Another special edition of the Federal Register arose as a companion publication to the Public Papers series, the Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents, which was first published in 1965 to provide a broader range of Presidential materials on a more timely basis to meet the needs of the contemporary reader. Beginning with the administration of Jimmy Carter, the Public Papers series expanded its coverage to include additional material as printed in the Weekly Compilation, including detailed appendices of supplemental material: Digest of Other White House Announcements, Nominations Submitted to the Senate, Checklist of White House Press Releases, and Presidential Documents Published in the Federal Register.

Online access

On January 20, 2009, the printed Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents was superseded by the online Daily Compilation of Presidential Documents. The Daily Compilation provides a listing of the President’s daily schedule and meetings, when announced, and other items of general interest issued by the Office of the Press Secretary. In 2012, the Government Printing Office and the Office of the Federal Register released a mobile web application (http://m.gpo.gov/dcpd) that catalogues the daily public activities of the President of the United States and enhances features of the online Daily Compilation with user-friendly search capability, allowing users to access Presidential content by date, category, subject, or location.

Scope and availability

Volumes covering the administrations of Presidents Herbert Hoover, Harry S. Truman, Dwight D. Eisenhower, John F. Kennedy, Lyndon B. Johnson, Richard Nixon, Gerald R. Ford, Jimmy Carter, Ronald Reagan, George H. W. Bush, William J. Clinton, George W. Bush, and Barack Obama are also included in the Public Papers series. Books can be ordered through the Government Publishing Office and commercial booksellers or accessed at large libraries, such as university libraries, regional libraries, or Federal Depository libraries.

References

http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/browse/collection.action?collectionCode=PPP&bread=true
http://www.archives.gov/federal-register/publications/presidential-papers.html
http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/

National Archives and Records Administration
Publications of the United States government
Presidency of the United States


title: Mario Maurano

text:
Mario Maurano (6 August 1905 - 27 December 1974) was an Argentine film score composer and pianist, best remembered for his tangos. He was especially known for his orchestral work supporting starlet Libertad Lamarque, with songs including Te quiero (1946) and many more. He was a frequent collaborator with director Luis Moglia Barth in the Golden Age of Argentine cinema, and was particularly prolific in the late 1930s and 1940s, composing for films such as Twelve Women (1939), Confesión (1940), Con el dedo en el gatillo (1940), Huella (1940), and Boína blanca (1941). He also worked on films such as Caminito de Gloria (1939) with Luis César Amadori, and  La Verdadera victoria (1944) with Carlos F. Borcosque.

Selected filmography
 Paths of Faith (1938)
 The Life of Carlos Gardel (1939)
Educating Niní (1940)
 Girls Orchestra (1941)
 Saint Candida (1945)

References

External links

Mario Maurano at Cinenacional.com

1905 births
1974 deaths
Argentine film score composers
Male film score composers
Argentine pianists
20th-century pianists
20th-century composers
Male pianists
20th-century male musicians


title: Javed Ali Khan (politician)

text:
Kunwar Javed Ali Khan (born 1935 -2016)  was an Indian National Congress politician from Sadabad, Uttar Pradesh, India.

He was born in noted Nawab of Sadabad family and is son of Ashraf Ali Khan. His father was also a long time politician representing Sadabad assembly in pre-independence in 1939 and later in 1969.

Javed Ali was elected as an Indian National Congress party candidate from Sadabad to Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly in 1980, during which time he also served as Minister of Public Works Department of Uttar Pradesh under Chief Ministership of Vishwanath Pratap Singh for years 1980-83. In 1999, he contested election as Congress candidate from Jalesar but did not win.

He died at his home in Sadabad on 22 December 2016.

References

Indian National Congress politicians
Uttar Pradesh MLAs 1980–1985
People from Hathras district
1935 births
2016 deaths
Indian National Congress politicians from Uttar Pradesh


title: Petronia City

text:
Petronia City, is a proposed 2000-acre city development project that aims to provide the first fully integrated business hub, for West Africa’s oil, gas and mining industries.The proposed development is being undertaken by Wonda World Estates and the Petronia City Development affiliate. The site is approximately 8 kilometres from Takoradi.

The Petronia City project was founded to solve the lack of infrastructures in Ghana Western Region, following the 2007 oil discovery and improve growth in the socio-economic activity in the region.

References

Further reading

External links
 - Under maintenance.
Oxford Business Group, Substantial Opportunities Expansion Expected Across Most Segments Economy Sees Strong

Skyscrapers in Africa
Planned communities
Proposed skyscrapers
Proposed buildings and structures in Ghana


title: Angel Olsen

text:
Angel Olsen (born Angelina Marie Carroll; January 22, 1987) is an American singer-songwriter from St. Louis, Missouri who lives in Asheville, North Carolina.

To date, Olsen has released six studio albums: Half Way Home (2012), Burn Your Fire for No Witness (2014), My Woman (2016), All Mirrors (2019), Whole New Mess (2020), and Big Time (2022).

Early life and education
Angel Olsen was born on January 22, 1987, in St. Louis, Missouri. At age three, Olsen was adopted by a foster family that had cared for her since shortly after her birth. The difference in years between her and her parents left an impression. "Because there are so many decades of difference between us, I became more interested in what their childhood was like," she says of her parents, both of whom died in 2021. "I fantasized about what it was like to be young in the ’30s and ’50s, more so than other kids my age." Olsen explained that "my mother just has this capacity for children."

Despite early adolescent aspirations to be a "pop star", her interests later shifted in high school. Olsen became more introverted, regularly attending punk rock and noise music shows at the Lemp Neighborhood Arts Center and the Creepy Crawl as well as Christian rock shows throughout the city. She began learning the piano and guitar and writing her own music. At the age of 16, she joined a local band called Good Fight, self-described as "a meeting of early No Doubt and punk rock." Two years after graduating from Tower Grove Christian High School, Olsen moved to Chicago.

She befriended country rock singer-songwriter Bonnie “Prince” Billy, who invited her to go on tour as his backing vocalist.

Career

2011–2014: Strange Cacti and Half Way Home

Olsen released her debut EP, Strange Cacti in 2011, and her debut studio album, Half Way Home, in 2012. on Bathetic Records. In addition to her work with Bonnie "Prince" Billy and the Cairo Gang, Olsen has collaborated with a number of other notable figures of American indie rock, including Tim Kinsella of Cap'n Jazz, LeRoy Bach of Wilco and Cass McCombs. Her collaboration with Kinsella and Bach, as well as with Chicago poet Marvin Tate, resulted in the album Tim Kinsella Sings the Songs of Marvin Tate by Leroy Bach Featuring Angel Olsen which the group released on Indianapolis label Joyful Noise Recordings on December 3, 2013.

2014–2017: Burn Your Fire for No Witness and My Woman
Olsen signed a recording contract with Jagjaguwar, ahead of her first full-band record, Burn Your Fire for No Witness, which was released on February 17, 2014. The closing track of the album, "Windows", was featured in the final episode in the first season of the Netflix original series 13 Reasons Why in 2017.

Olsen's third studio album, My Woman, was released on September 2, 2016. In a review for Consequence of Sound, critic Ciara Dolan described the album as a "startling record of unimpeachable strength and honesty", while Pitchforks Jenn Pelly described it as "her best record yet".

2019–2021: All Mirrors, Whole New Mess, and Songs of the Lark and Other Far Memories
Olsen's fourth studio album, All Mirrors, was released on October 4, 2019, to critical acclaim. Laura Snapes of Pitchfork described the album as "breathtaking", and a "strong wind" that blows in and "leaves you undone", while Alexis Petridis of The Guardian described it as "challenging and intriguing", and Luke Saunders of Happy Mag described it as a change of "theatric transcendency", when compared to her previous releases.

In 2019, British producer Mark Ronson featured Olsen on his fifth studio album Late Night Feelings, which also featured Miley Cyrus and Camila Cabello.

On August 28, 2020, Olsen released her fifth studio album Whole New Mess through Jagjaguwar. The album features tracks from All Mirrors arranged in a more intimate style.

On March 30, 2021, Olsen announced a special edition box set titled Songs of the Lark and Other Far Memories, which contains her previous two studio albums All Mirrors and Whole New Mess alongside demos, re-workings, remixes and covers to close this chapter of her career, released via Jagjaguwar. It was announced with the lead single "It's Every Season [Whole New Mess]" and is due for release on May 7, 2021. In 2020, Olsen released several remixes of popular releases. On April 9, 2020, Olsen released a remix of "All Mirrors" from her studio album All Mirrors Produced by Chromatics' Johnny Jewel. On June 3, 2020, Olsen released a remix of "New Love Cassette" from her studio album All Mirrors produced by Mark Ronson with whom she collaborated with on Ronson's song "True Blue".

In 2020, Olsen worked on a cover of "Mr. Lonely", originally by Bobby Vinton, for the film Kajillionaire directed by Miranda July. Olsen collaborated with film composer Emile Mosseri on the cover which was released on September 16, 2020, and was included in the soundtrack. On May 20, 2021, Olsen released a single with Sharon Van Etten, "Like I Used To", which was produced by John Congleton. Olsen and Van Etten appear in the music video with their hair styled in similar shag haircuts.

2021–present: Aisles and Big Time
On August 20, 2021, Olsen released her fourth extended play, Aisles, consisting of five cover versions of popular songs from the 1980s. Pitchfork writer Evan Rytlewski described it as "an unusual departure for a songwriter who's always staked everything on her conviction".

In 2021 she also received the Libera Awards as Best Folk/Bluegrass Record 2021 for her album Whole New Mess (Jagjaguwar) by the American Association of Independent Music (A2IM).

Olsen's sixth studio album, Big Time, was released on June 3, 2022.  The album was preceded by the lead single "All the Good Times", and followed by a second single, the title track "Big Time". On April 14, 2023, Olsen released her fifth EP, Forever Means, containing four previously unreleased tracks originally recorded for Big Time.

Style
Pitchfork has likened her album “All Mirrors” to acts such as the Cure, Cocteau Twins and Siouxsie and the Banshees, saying that she has created a dark dream-pop dealing with anxiety. Olsen plays a vintage Gibson S-1 guitar from 1979.

Personal life
On April 16, 2021, Olsen came out as gay. In 2022, Olsen revealed that her relationship with partner Adele Thibodeaux had ended, and that she had dated long-time friend and musician Meg Duffy for a few months in 2020. In a 2022 interview, Olsen clarified that she identifies as pansexual, not gay, and in August 2023 celebrated one year with boyfriend and singer-songwriter Maxim Ludwig. Ludwig co-directed the lyric video for Olsen's song "Nothing's Free", additionally serving as a support act on her 2023 North American tour.

Discography

Studio albums
 Half Way Home (2012)
 Burn Your Fire for No Witness (2014)
 My Woman (2016)
 All Mirrors (2019)
 Whole New Mess (2020)
 Big Time (2022)

Awards and nominations

References

External links

 Angel Olsen at Bandcamp

1987 births
Living people
Musicians from St. Louis
American women singer-songwriters
American indie pop musicians
Feminist musicians
American lesbian musicians
American LGBT songwriters
LGBT people from Missouri
American LGBT singers
Lesbian singers
Singer-songwriters from Missouri
Jagjaguwar artists
Lesbian songwriters
Guitarists from Missouri
21st-century American women singers
21st-century American singer-songwriters
21st-century American women guitarists
21st-century American guitarists
20th-century American LGBT people
21st-century American LGBT people
American lesbian writers


title: Javed Ali Khan

text:
Javed Ali Khan (born 31 October 1962) is a politician for the Samajwadi Party and a member of the Rajya Sabha representing Uttar Pradesh in the upper house of the Indian Parliament.

Early life and education
Khan was born on October 31, 1962, in Mirzapur Nasrullapur in Sambhal district, Uttar Pradesh, to Ashfaq Ali Khan and Mushtaq Begum. Khan completed his primary education in Bahjoi (Sambhal). For higher education he went to Delhi with his father where his father was serving in the government service. After taking admission in Jamia Millia Islamia from Delhi, he did Diploma in Civil Engineering, then graduated from Rohilkhand University, Bareilly and did his Masters in political science through correspondence from Osmania University, Hyderabad. He was married to Asima Kishwar in the year 1995.

Political career
Khan became active in student politics, and while studying at Jamia, he joined the left-wing All India Students' Federation and was elected general secretary of the Jamia Students' Union in the academic year 1984–85. He was also the president of the leftist student organization All India Youth Federation during 1993-94 and moved on from student politics to join the Samajwadi Party in 1994. Since then he has continuously worked as an ordinary worker for the party and organization. In 1999, when Mulayam Singh Yadav, the then President of the Samajwadi Party, contested the lok sabha election from Sambhal, Khan played a very important role in his election campaign and became a close associate of Mulayam Singh. He was made the district president of the Samajwadi Party unit Moradabad in 2006 and in the next year 2007 Uttar Pradesh assembly elections, he was contested for the first time by the party from Thakurdwara assembly constituency, where he had to face defeat in a close contest. In the 2014 Lok Sabha elections, Khan was made the Samajwadi Party's candidate from the Sambhal Lok Sabha constituency, but before his nomination, his ticket was cut and the outgoing MP Shafiqur Rahman Barq was declared the candidate by the party, despite being cut, Khan pledged allegiance to the party. worked in favor of the party.In the november month of the year 2014, the Samajwadi Party made him the party's candidate for the Rajya Sabha, the Upper House of the Parliament and remained a member of the Rajya Sabha till 2020, then in the year 2022, he was elected a member of the Rajya Sabha for the second term. Khan has been appointed as a member of the Coordination Committee of the Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance at its Mumbai convention on 1 September 2023.

References

Living people
1962 births
People from Sambhal district
Osmania University alumni
Jamia Millia Islamia alumni
Rajya Sabha members from Uttar Pradesh
Samajwadi Party politicians from Uttar Pradesh


title: Arousyak Papazian

text:
Arousyak Papazian (, 1841–1907) was an Ottoman Armenian actress. She is counted as the first professional female actor in the Ottoman Empire and thereby the Middle East.

Life
Arousyak Papazian was born in Constantinople, Ottoman Empire, in 1841. Before becoming an actress, she worked as a teacher. In the 1850s, the modern theatre was founded in the Ottoman Empire by an Armenian theatre company, and Papazian was reportedly the first female actor to perform in the Hekimian theatre company in 1857. She was engaged at the Arevelian Tatron (Oriental Theater) and she also toured with the company, such as to Izmir in 1867.

As Muslims did not consider acting a suitable profession, the first actors in the Ottoman Empire were Christian Armenians, and the stigma of the profession was especially the case for females, the actresses received a higher salary than their male colleagues, and they could also continue their careers undisturbed after the Armenian theatre monopoly was abolished in the Ottoman Empire in 1879; after this point, male Armenian actors found competition from Muslim Turkish male actors, while no Muslim Turkish female actor ever performed on stage before 1919.

Arousyak Papazian became the first leading lady and female star of the Ottoman theatre and received considerable praise. She and her colleague Aghavni Papazian are mentioned by the historian Mikael Nalbandian as two pioneers in defying prejudices by performing on stage in the Muslim Middle East. As such, they became publicly visible women in the Muslim Ottoman Empire in a period when the female members of the audience had to watch their plays from behind screens.

Arousyak Papazian retired after her marriage because of her spouse was opposed to her theatrical career.

She died in Constantinople in 1907.

See also
Papazyan

References

 Duygu Köksal, Anastasia Falierou: A Social History of Late Ottoman Women: New Perspectives
 Women in the Ottoman Empire; by Eric R. Dursteler, Oxford Reference Online

1841 births
1907 deaths
19th-century actresses from the Ottoman Empire
Ethnic Armenian actresses
Armenians from the Ottoman Empire
19th-century Armenian actors
Stage actresses from the Ottoman Empire
Place of birth missing


title: Ibn Fuladh

text:
Ibn Fuladh, also known as Ibn Puladh, was a Daylamite military officer who is known for revolting against his Buyid overlords. He was the son of Fuladh ibn Manadhar, a prominent Buyid officer who was son of Manadhar, an Justanid king.

Ibn Fuladh, in order to gain Qazvin as his fief, revolted against the Buyid ruler Majd al-Dawla in 1016. Majd al-Dawla, however, refused to make him governor of Qazvin, which made Ibn Fuladh threaten him around the countryside of his capital in Ray. Majd al-Dawla then requested the aid of his vassal, the Bavandid ruler Abu Ja'far Muhammad, who managed to defeat Ibn Fuladh and repel him from Ray. Ibn Fuladh then requested aid from the Ziyarid ruler Manuchihr, who was a rival of the Buyids. Ibn Fuladh agreed to become Manuchihr's vassal in return for his aid. The following year, a combined army of Ibn Fuladh and Manuchihr besieged Ray, which forced Majd al-Dawla to make Fuladh the governor of Isfahan. However, the Kakuyid ruler Muhammad ibn Rustam Dushmanziyar, who was the original ruler of Isfahan, defeated Ibn Fuladh, and possibly killing him during the battle.

References

Sources

Daylamites
Buyid generals
11th-century deaths
11th-century Iranian people
Justanids
Iranian rebels
Buyid governors
History of Isfahan Province
Year of birth unknown
Rebels against the Buyid dynasty


title: Azniv Hrachia

text:
Azniv Hrachia (1853-1920) was an Ottoman Armenian actress and director.

She debuted on the Oriental Theater in 1869 and was later engaged at the Ottoman Theater. In the 1880s she was active in Tiflis. She retired in 1883 for private reasons, but resumed her career in 1893 and was active in Baku, where she also debuted as a director of plays.

References
 Duygu Köksal,Anastasia Falierou: A Social History of Late Ottoman Women: New Perspectives
 Women in the Ottoman Empire by Eric R Dursteler, Oxford Reference Online

1853 births
1920 deaths
Ethnic Armenian actresses
Armenians from the Ottoman Empire
19th-century Armenian actors
Stage actresses from the Ottoman Empire
19th-century actresses from the Ottoman Empire


title: Cienega of San Simon

text:
Cienega of San Simon, was a cienega, an area of springs 13 miles up the San Simon River from San Simon Station, in Cochise County, Arizona.

History
Cienega of San Simon was a camping and watering place on the Southern Emigrant Trail after John Coffee Hays pioneered the Tucson Cutoff route from Cooke's Wagon Road to the east in the Animas Valley to Tucson via Stein's Pass to the Cienega, to Apache Pass, to Nugent’s Pass, to the lower crossing of the San Pedro River near Tres Alamos, to rejoin Cooke's road again at a waterhole, just east of modern Mescal, Arizona.  The Cienega was located 5 miles south southwest of the mouth of Stein's Pass and 23 miles from Apache Pass.  It was used by the San Antonio-San Diego Mail Line as a rest and water stop and by later stagecoach lines during the Apache Wars as a safer route than the Butterfield Overland Mail route through the Doubtful Canyon to the north.

Today the New Mexico San Simon Cienaga does not extend as far north and is found further up the river in Hidalgo County, New Mexico at .

References

External links
  –
  –

Geography of Cochise County, Arizona


title: The Czar of Black Hollywood

text:
The Czar of Black Hollywood is a 2014 documentary film by Bayer Mack that chronicles the early life and career of African-American filmmaker Oscar Micheaux (1884–1951). Mack conceived of and produced the film about Micheaux using Library of Congress archived footage, photos, illustrations and vintage music. The documentary, which is the first devoted exclusively to Oscar Micheaux's life, is narrated by William Bell, features an original score by Nicholas Jones and art direction by Julie Anderson.

Synopsis
Oscar Micheaux was America's preeminent black filmmaker for three decades, having directed or produced 22 silent movies and 15 talking pictures. The Czar of Black Hollywood chronicles the real life experiences that inspired Micheaux's films, including the production of the first feature-length film, The Homesteader (1919), and sound motion picture, The Exile (1931), by an African-American.

Development
In an April 2014 interview with The Washington Times, Block Starz Music founder Bayer L. Mack said that he read the 2007 biography Oscar Micheaux: The Great and Only by Patrick McGilligan and was inspired to produce Oscar Micheaux: The Czar of Black Hollywood because Micheaux's life mirrored his own. In an interview with The News and Advance, Mack said he “scoured the archives of all the great major black weeklies” for information and imagery to recreate Micheaux's world, saying the documentary film was a "restoration project".

Release
On February 13, 2014, Oscar Micheaux: The Czar of Black Hollywood was announced by American radio host Tom Joyner on his nationally syndicated program, The Tom Joyner Morning Show, as part of its "Little Known Black History Fact" on Micheaux. In a June 2014 interview with The Huffington Post, Mack said he was shocked there "was virtually nothing out there about Micheaux's life" in spite of his historical significance. A screening of Oscar Micheaux: The Czar of Black Hollywood was held at the Boca Black Film Festival on July 17 in Boca Raton, Florida. In a lead up to the event, the film's executive producer, Frances Presley Rice, told Florida's Sun Sentinel that Micheaux was the first "indie movie producer." The film had a special screening on September 26, 2014, at the 99th Annual Association for the Study of African American Life and History (ASALH) Convention in Memphis, TN and its first public screening on October 17, 2014, at the Academy of Fine Arts in Lynchburg, Virginia.

Reception

The documentary was critically acclaimed upon release and remains popular with film historians. Fans of African-American cinema often screen The Czar of Black Hollywood along with one of Oscar Micheaux's movies. The film has aired on public television and is available at several libraries in North America. The Czar of Black Hollywood was one of four feature films selected to be screened and discussed at the 2020 March on Washington Film Festival, which finds, encourages, and brings to life stories of both icons and foot soldiers from the Civil Rights Movement.

Cast
Oscar Micheaux: Himself (archive footage)
William Bell: Narrator
Nicholas Jones: Oscar Micheaux (voice)
M. Ayodele Heath: Claude McKay (voice)

References

External links

2014 films
Documentary films about African Americans
Documentary films about Hollywood, Los Angeles
Documentary films about film directors and producers
American documentary films
American independent films
2010s English-language films
2010s American films


title: ISO/IEC JTC 1/WG 7

text:
''Note: This working group has been disbanded.

ISO/IEC JTC 1/WG 7 Sensor Networks (WGSN) was a standardization working group of the joint technical committee ISO/IEC JTC 1 of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), which develops and facilitates standards within the field of sensor networks. The international secretariat of ISO/IEC JTC 1/WG 7 is the Korean Agency for Technology and Standards (KATS), located in the Republic of Korea.

Maintenance of the standards was transferred to ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 41.

History
ISO/IEC JTC 1/WG 7 was established in October 2009 via Resolution 34 of the 24th JTC 1 Plenary in Tel Aviv. The group was established with the intention of creating an ISO/IEC JTC 1 working group that would develop and facilitate the development of international standards for sensor networks. The working group is the successor of ISO/IEC JTC 1/SGSN, Study Group on Sensor Networks, which was established in 2007, at the 22nd JTC 1 Plenary. All standardization activities and members of ISO/IEC JTC 1/SGSN were transferred to ISO/IEC JTC 1/WG 7 after its establishment.

Terms of reference
The terms of reference for ISO/IEC JTC 1/WG 7 are:
 In the area of generic solutions for sensor networks, undertake standardization activities that support and can be applied to the technical work of all relevant JTC 1 entities and to other standards organizations. This includes activities in sensor networks such as the following:”
 Standardization of terminology
 Development of a taxonomy
 Standardization of reference architectures
 Development of guidelines for interoperability
 Standardization of specific aspects of sensor networks
 In the area of application – oriented sensor networks, identify gaps and commonalities that may impact standardization activities within the scope of JTC 1. Further, share this information with relevant entities within and outside of JTC 1. Unless better pursued within another JTC 1 entity, the following standardization activities may be pursued as projects by this Working Group:
 Addressing the technology gaps within the scope of JTC 1 entities
 Exploiting technology opportunities where it is desirable to provide common approaches to the use of sensor networks across application domains
 Addressing emerging areas related to M2M and IoT
 In order to foster communication and sharing of information between groups working in the field of sensor networks:
 Seek liaison relationships with all relevant SCs/WGs
 Seek liaison relationships with other organizations outside JTC 1
 Consider the possibility of conducting joint products with relevant ITU-T SGs
 Seek input from relevant research projects and consortia

Collaborations
ISO/IEC JTC 1/WG 7 works in close collaboration with a number of other organizations or subcommittees, both internal and external to ISO or IEC, in order to avoid conflicting or duplicative work. Organizations internal to ISO or IEC that collaborate with or are in liaison to ISO/IEC JTC 1/WG 7 include:
 ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 6, Telecommunications and information exchange between systems
 ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 25, Interconnection of information technology equipment
 ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 27, IT security techniques
 ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 31, Automatic identification and data capture techniques
 ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 32, Data management and interchange
 ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 36, Information technology for learning, education and training
 ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 37, Biometrics
 ISO/TC 211, Geographic information/Geomatics
 IEC TC 65, Industrial-process measurement, control and automation
 IEC TC 100, Audio, video and multimedia systems and equipment

Some organizations external to ISO or IEC that collaborate with or are in liaison to ISO/IEC JTC 1/WG 7 include:
 IEEE TC 9, Instrumentation and Measurement Society
 Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC)

Member countries

The 9 members of ISO/IEC JTC 1/WG 7 are: Canada, China, France, Germany, Japan, Republic of Korea, Norway, United Kingdom, and United States.

Standards
ISO/IEC JTC 1/WG 7 currently has a number of standards published or under development within the field of sensor networks, including:

See also
 ISO/IEC JTC 1
 List of ISO standards
 Korean Agency for Technology and Standards
 International Organization for Standardization
 International Electrotechnical Commission

References

W