title: Paralebedella

text:
Paralebedella is a genus of moths in the family Cossidae.

Species
 Paralebedella carnescens Hampson, 1910
 Paralebedella estherae Lehmann, 2008
 Paralebedella schultzei (Aurivillius, 1905)
 Paralebedella shimonii Lehmann, 2009

References

External links
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

Metarbelinae


title: HitchBOT

text:
hitchBOT was a Canadian hitchhiking robot created by professors David Harris Smith of McMaster University and Frauke Zeller of Toronto Metropolitan University in 2013. It gained international attention for successfully hitchhiking across Canada, Germany and the Netherlands, but in 2015 its attempt to hitchhike across the United States ended when it was stripped and decapitated in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Description

Smith, who had hitchhiked across Canada 3 times, and Zeller had "designed the robot to learn about how people interact with technology and ask the question, 'Can robots trust human beings?'" The robot was not able to walkit completed its "hitchhiking" journeys by "asking" to be carried by those who picked it up. The robot was able to carry on basic conversation and talk about facts, and was designed to be a robotic traveling companion while in the vehicle of the driver who picked it up. As a social experiment, it was also given social media accounts on Twitter, Facebook and Instagram.

The robot had a cylindrical body composed mainly of a plastic bucket, with two flexible "arms" and two flexible "legs" attached to the torso. The top section of the body was transparent, containing a screen which displayed eyes and a mouth, making the robot approximately humanoid in external appearance. It was small and had a look the team described as "yard-sale chic", to evoke trust and empathy, and had a child's car seat base to be easily and safely transportable. It was powered either by solar power or by automobile cigarette lighters. It had a GPS device and a 3G connection, which allowed researchers to track its location. It was equipped with a camera, which took photographs periodically to document its journeys.

Travels
The robot's "hitchhiking" was reported by the press in many countries. From July 27, 2014 to August 21, 2014, it hitchhiked across Canada from the Institute for Applied Creativity at NSCAD University Halifax, Nova Scotia, to Victoria, British Columbia. At a First Nations powwow, it was given a name translating as "Iron Woman". The robot was so popular that its GPS had to be disabled sometimes to prevent crowds bothering those who took it into their homes.

A second hitchBOT machine was made, and in February 2015 it hitchhiked around Germany for ten days. For three weeks in June 2015, it hitched around the Netherlands.

HitchBOT then attempted to cross the United States from Boston to San Francisco starting on July 17, 2015. After two weeks, on August 1, 2015 however, a photo was tweeted, showing that the robot had been stripped "beyond repair" and decapitated in Philadelphia. The robot was located by some "good samaritans" who had been following its progress on its website. The head was never found. Frauke Zeller, co-creator of hitchBOT, was quoted as saying: "We can see on all our data that the tablet and battery and everything shut off at the same time so it must have been when they vandalised the bot."

Legacy
hitchBOT's ordeal highlighted the issues of autonomous technology, the ethics of robot treatment, and the anthropomorphism of animate-like devices. The first hitchBOT is now a permanent exhibit at the Canada Science and Technology Museum.

Smith and Zeller recreated their invention as hitchBOT 2.0 in 2019. The robot was sent to Paris, France, where it was touring about and appearing in a play, Killing Robots, written by Linda Blanchet.

The tour had to be put on hold indefinitely, however, due to COVID-19.

Similar robots
Zeller has also created an art critic robot called kulturBOT.
A similar hitch-hiking robot, known as TweenBOT, travelled in the later 2000s. Its purpose was also to study interaction of humans with it.

References

External links

2013 robots
Hitchhiking
Humanoid robots
Robots of Canada
Vandalized works of art in Pennsylvania
2015 disestablishments in Pennsylvania


title: Boyster

text:
Boyster (Molusco) is a 2D CGI animated television series that premiered on Disney XD on June 16, 2014. The titular Boyster character is half human and half mollusk, and his name is a portmanteau of "boy" and "oyster."

Plot
The series focuses on the adventures of a half-human, half-oyster mutant named "Boyster", who was adopted by a pair of humans and raised alongside his oyster brother Shelby. Naturally, Boyster has to keep his oyster side under wraps, but he will use his many oyster-esque abilities to save the day.

Characters

Main
Boyster Likowski (voiced by Akie Kotabe) is the main protagonist and title character of the series. He is a half-human half-oyster child, has only two hairs and is endowed with superpowers: these include spitting pearls, stretching his limbs to infinity, etc. He is shy and horrified that someone might discover his powers. It is because of an oil spill that he and his brother are mutants, they were found on the beach and then adopted by Lola and Eugene Likowski. He is 11 years old at the beginning of the series but at the end, he is 12 years old. He is a fan of Spido-Dude, a reference to Spider-Man.
Shelby Likowski (voiced by Matthew Forbes) is Boyster's clam twin brother. He is intelligent and has a very high IQ. He almost never leaves his home and prefers to watch television all day long (which is where he gets all his knowledge from). He is obsessed with the "Prestige and Passion" series and admires the theories of Charles Darwin.
Rafik (voiced by Rasmus Hardiker) is Boyster's best friend. He's around 11–13 years old, and an overexcited kid. He is one of the only characters in the series to know Boyster's secret. He loves to act, make drama for any situation and often finds things funny even if they aren't really funny. He gets jealous when Boyster spends time with someone else, and he is arrogant and boastful, always thinking he is the best even giving himself the nickname "Rafik the Magnificent".

Supporting
Eugene Likowski is the adoptive father of Boyster and Shelby. He is a botanist and he is very fond of gardening. He is overprotective of Boyster and wouldn't want anything to happen to him.
Lola Likowski (voiced by Jules de Jongh) is the adoptive mother of Boyster and Shelby. She is an ingenious person and she loves fixing cars and making objects.
Alicia (voiced by Lizzie Waterworth) is Boyster's love interest. She is very rich and her parents are stingy and obsessed with money and want her to marry a billionaire at all costs. Alicia dreams of becoming an artist and loves drawing portraits of her beloved cat, Vanilla. Alicia is a nice girl, with a strong sense of integrity, who can't stand being rejected. She likes Boyster a lot but does not suspect that he has a crush on her and, worse, that he has powers. She is around 11–13 years old.
Ozzy (voiced by Rasmus Hardiker) is a bully at Boyster's school. A vain, idiotic and arrogant person, he loves hitting and putting people down, especially Boyster and Arthur. He seems to be in love with Alicia but obviously she doesn't love him due to his meanness. Ozzy has a lack of self-confidence and would like to be able to impress his two ruthless and muscular sisters by showing them that he can be as strong as them. He is described as being "ugly" by Rafik.
Arthur (voiced by Rasmus Hardiker) is a socially inept nerd with a passion for the extraterrestrial. He is very smart and is able to create an alien detector, he has been collecting toasters since he was 5 years old and is a fan of Sherlock Holmes. He doesn't have very good breath, he is in the chess club and was in the detective club. He gets harassed and beaten by Ozzy but, despite this, he remains sympathetic towards Ozzy and would like to be his friend. He has a pet spider named Ursula.
Mr. Marion "Teachinator" Pluss (voiced by Rob Rackstraw) is a teacher at Boyster's school. He is known as the strictest teacher at the school, and is usually seen angry or shouting. He has percieved robotic vision and the students call him the "Teachinator". In the episode of the same name, it is revealed that he only wished to please his late father, who was also a strict teacher.

Episodes

Season 1

Awards and nominations

References

External links

2010s British animated television series
2014 British television series debuts
2017 British television series endings
2010s French animated television series
2014 French television series debuts
2017 French television series endings
British children's animated comedy television series
British computer-animated television series
English-language television shows
French children's animated comedy television series
French computer-animated television series
French-language television shows
Disney XD original programming
France Télévisions children's television series
France Télévisions television comedy
Animated television series about children


title: Giant in My Heart

text:
"Giant in My Heart" is a song by Canadian recording artist Kiesza from her debut EP Hideaway (2014) and her debut studio album, Sound of a Woman (2014). It was released by record label Lokal Legend as the second single from both the EP and the album on August 8, 2014. The song was co-written by Kiesza and Rami Samir Afuni, and produced by the latter. "Giant in My Heart" is an electropop and house track sung in an emotive falsetto tone and features a combination of scat-singing, a pounding 808 and softer synth-led sections. Lyrically, the song focuses on subjects of love lost and the aftermath of a breakup.

"Giant in My Heart" garnered positive reviews from contemporary music critics, who commended the song for its sonic similarities with Kiesza's debut single "Hideaway" and the singer's strong vocal performance. It was a commercial success, debuting at number four on the UK Singles Chart, number one on the UK Dance Chart and selling 33,414 copies in its first week. "Giant in My Heart" marked Kiesza's second consecutive top five single in the United Kingdom and has also had success in Germany and Belgium where it peaked at numbers 11 and 12 respectively. The song was accompanied by a short film music video directed by producer Afuni in New York City. The clip premiered on July 1, 2014 and was acclaimed by several critics. It features a frustrated male office worker living a double life as a crossdresser. Kiesza has performed "Giant in My Heart" on American television show Jimmy Kimmel Live!, and the song has been covered by English singer Florrie.

Background
"Giant in My Heart" was written by Kiesza and Rami Samir Afuni, and produced by the latter. In an interview with KAMP-FM's Carson Daly, Kiesza elaborated on the anonymous male vocalist featured in "Giant in My Heart",

"I've never actually met him. My friend, who was my roommate, we were like, 'I need a voice of like, an older, black guy.' You know that like soulful, old man voice? And then my friend's like, 'I know someone!' So, we just sent it to him and he brings it back and this was the voice and we were like, 'Awesome!'"

The song serves as the second single from Kiesza's forthcoming debut album, Sound of a Woman (2014). It was premiered on Annie Mac's BBC Radio 1 show on June 13, 2014. "Giant in My Heart" was digitally released as a single and four-track remixes extended play (EP) in the United Kingdom on August 8, 2014. A two-track CD single was later released in Germany on September 5, 2014.

Composition
"Giant in My Heart" is an electropop and house song which runs for a duration of four minutes and 29 seconds. It incorporates elements of garage and '90s-inspired music The song opens with subtle electronic smatterings, distinctly grave sounding synths, and the lyrics "I'm trying to pretend it isn't true, but even when I want, it's like I can't get over you, over you, over you, over you." According to Michael Baggs of Gigwise, Kiesza solicits "powerful, diva-esque vocals, before building to a seriously retro hook". "Giant in My Heart" is set in the time signature of common time, with a moderately fast tempo of 124 beats per minute. It is composed in the key of G minor with Kiesza's vocals spanning the tonal nodes of G3 to G5. It features a pounding 808 which fades into softer synth-led sections that space out Kiesza's vocal range and emotive falsetto tone. Funk-inspired scat-singing performed by an anonymous male vocalist begins featuring midway through the song. Lyrically, "Giant in My Heart" deals with subjects of heartbreak, love lost and the aftermath of a breakup. Musically, the track has been compared to its predecessor "Hideaway" for having a similar simplistic, bass-rooted, house inspired dance sound; the song's production is however fuller and more rounded-off than "Hideaway".

Critical reception
"Giant in My Heart" was positively received by contemporary music critics. Digital Spy's Amy Davidson awarded the song a three (out of five)-star rating and stated that it successfully showcased "the sheer power" in Kiesza's vocal abilities. Davidson felt that the track proved that the singer "has the potential to push boundaries and create sounds that stand apart from the acres of generic dance music that saturate the current state of music". Killian Young of Spin deemed the song "a gem" and opined that "Kiesza's commanding voice triumphs over the heartbreak". Vice journalist Ryan Bassil felt that "Giant in My Heart" would become "absolutely massive", while Tina Campbell of Metro said the song is "sure to get you heading to the dance-floor." Music website Popjustice awarded the song an eight (out of ten)-star rating and mentioned, "Ambition,  talent, a refreshing songwriting sensibility and a working knowledge of dance music that sounds like pop music as well as pop music that sounds like dance music. There aren't many artists you can say that about." Michael Baggs of Gigwise felt that "Giant in My Heart" proved that Kiesza was not a one-hit wonder and wrote, "It's pretty damn good, and suggests she has a big future ahead of her."

UK radio station Kiss deemed it "another big house track" and opined that it would become a definite commercial success for the singer. Robbie Daw of Idolator felt that "Giant in My Heart" was a "fantastic" follow-up to "Hideaway" and stated, "[the song is] a nice gesture toward fans who got on board with her retro sound, given that debut singles can often be misleading representations of an artist's overall material these days." Marissa Muller of CBS Radio felt that "Giant in My Heart"  built on the "diva vocals" and "lose yourself-beat" that made "Hideaway" a success. Idol Magazine's Margherita Maspero described the song as having a "winning formula of dance beats, electronica pounding and catchy lyrics." Maspero concluded,"With a good dose of 90s nostalgia, the track is a rhythmic powerhouse that will get you on your feet from start to finish."

Chart performance
Upon the release of "Giant in My Heart" in the United Kingdom, the Official Charts Company published that the song was the highest new entry of the week at number three on the midweek UK Singles Chart. It went on to debut at number four with 33,414 copies sold in its first week. "Giant in My Heart" marked Kiesza's second consecutive top five hit and spent a total of five weeks on the chart. It was more successful on the UK Dance Chart where it became the singer's second number one single. Elsewhere, "Giant in My Heart" peaked at number 11 in Germany, number 12 in Belgium, number 47 on US Hot Dance/Electronic Songs, number 53 in Austria, and number 72 in Ireland.

Music video

Background and development

Following the low-budget clip for predecessor "Hideaway", Kiesza chose to make a short film for "Giant in My Heart" that would be different in style and content in comparison to the former. The music video was shot in New York City, where one of the clip's main crossdressing characters failed to show up for filming. As a result, Kiesza called on one of her close friends, a well-known writer, as the replacement for the video's absent character. It was directed by the song's producer Rami Samir Afuni. Jason Ano was responsible for the visual's camera operations while Joseph Robbins handled its visual effects and editing. Thematically, the clip draws parallels between the constraints of the mundaneness of life, and the constraints of being a cross dressing man in our society. The music video premiered on Kiesza's Vevo channel on July 1, 2014.

Synopsis
The video sees a male office worker living a double life. During the day he is seen going through the motions of his job where he suffers several inconveniences and misfortunes. While after hours, he returns to his apartment and resorts to an alter ego of a drag queen as a coping mechanism for his occupational stress and being bullied and pushed around at work. The man's crossdress includes a long black wig, a sparkling blue dress, and a pair of stilettos. He then joins two like-minded crossdressing friends as they take to the streets of New York City. The three later arrive at club where Kiesza is seen performing. Idolator reviewer Robbie Daw noted, "Kiesza takes the backseat in this one by playing the part of a club performer who gives a little inspiration to our troubled hero (ine)". During her performance at the club, Kiesza engages in a '90s-inspired dance sequence. The man's crossdressing personality is secretively portrayed as more care-free and confident than his one while at work. The video ends with the man frustrated and dispensing of his bosses in an office with a stapler, and later resigning.

Reception
The music video was met with positive reviews from critics. Tina Campbell of Metro deemed the clip "quirky" and described the drag queen portrayed as "fierce". In a review of the music video, Theo Eze from MUZU.TV noted, "I was surprised to see the video raise eyebrows online, with the criticism centring on the focus of the video on the cross dressing, making me feel like I may have accidentally slipped back into the 80's or some other time when others happiness was so discomforting to us." Eze went on to highlight the scene where the man attacks his boss with a stapler as "not the best plan of action but his resourcefulness is nonetheless admirable". MuchMusic honed the clip as an inspiration for its viewers. CBS Radio reviewer Marissa Muller commended the video for being a definite departure from the visual for "Hideaway", she also praised Kiesza's "great dance sequence in theme with the song's '90s vibes."

Live performances and cover versions
Kiesza first performed "Giant in My Heart" at XOYO in London on June 3, 2014. Andre Paine of the London Evening Standard positively reviewed the performance writing, "Her stirring vocals over the insidious groove of 'Giant in My Heart' were as bold as her choreography." On July 30, 2014, the singer reprised the song on Jimmy Kimmel Live!. Dan Macrae of Entertainment Tonight Canada praised the Kiesza's "kick-heavy dance moves" during the performance. On August 14, 2014, the singer performed an acoustic version of the track during a NME Basement Session.

"Giant in My Heart" was covered by English singer Florrie during an acoustic session on July 29, 2014. Idolator's Bradley Stern praised the version, writing, "[Florrie] turns the bouncy House anthem into a truly gorgeous, gentle guitar-led production — that is, before she starts riffing loudly against a lively guitar strum. The cover showcases not only Florrie's more than capable chops, but her ability to really kill it as a guitarist."

Formats and track listings
CD single
"Giant in My Heart" – 4:29
"Giant in My Heart" (Billon Remix) – 5:29

Digital remixes EP
"Giant in My Heart" (Billon Remix) – 5:29
"Giant in My Heart" (Blood Diamonds Remix) – 5:20
"Giant in My Heart" (No Artificial Colours Remix) – 5:39
"Giant in My Heart" (Archers Remix) – 5:49

Charts

Release history

See also
List of UK Dance Chart number-one singles of 2014
List of UK top 10 singles in 2014

References

External links

2014 singles
2014 songs
Kiesza songs
Songs written by Kiesza
Torch songs
Synth-pop songs


title: Harp McGuire

text:
Henry Herbert "Harp" McGuire (November 1, 1921 – October 21, 1966) was an American actor who worked for a number of years in Australia, becoming very famous on Australian radio. He reached the height of his fame when he appeared as Randy Stone in the Australian adaptation of the NBC radio serial 'Night Beat' produced by Grace Gibson Radio Productions.

McGuire was a native of Nashville, Tennessee, born on November 1, 1921. He worked in American film and TV productions such as "On the Beach" (1959), "The Twilight Zone" (1959) and the "Outlaws" (1960). He also played a gas station attendant on a segment of "Leave It To Beaver."

McGuire died in Los Angeles, California, on October 21, 1966, after suffering from coronary sclerosis.

Filmography

References

External links

1921 births
1966 deaths
American expatriate male actors
American male voice actors
20th-century American male actors
American expatriates in Australia


title: Saalmulleria

text:
Saalmulleria is a genus of moths in the family Cossidae.

Species
 Saalmulleria dubiefi Viette, 1974
 Saalmulleria stumpffi Saalmüller, 1884

References

External links
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

Metarbelinae


title: Bryce Quigley

text:
Bryce Quigley (born June 26, 1992) is an American football offensive tackle who is currently a free agent. He was signed as an undrafted free agent by the Detroit Lions in 2014. He played college football at San Diego State University.

High school career
Quigley played high school football, basketball, and golf for Granite Hills High School in Apple Valley, California.

College career
Quigley played college football for the San Diego State Aztecs of the Mountain West Conference. He began his career as a tight end, but became a lineman in his junior year. He won All-Conference honorable mention for both of his final two years at San Diego State.

Professional career

Detroit Lions
Due to a late college season foot injury and surgery Quigley was not selected in the 2014 NFL draft. In June 2014, after a tryout and medical clearance, he was signed as an undrafted free agent by the Detroit Lions. He was released by the Lions on August 26, 2014.

San Diego Chargers
Quigley was signed to the San Diego Chargers' practice squad on December 4, 2014. He was waived on May 19, 2015.

Washington Redskins
Quigley signed with the Washington Redskins on June 9, 2015. He was waived on August 31, 2015.

Kimley-Horn
He lives in the Phoenix, Arizona Area focusing on his career in land development since 2016. He is currently a civil analyst at Kimley-Horn and Associates, Inc., a national multi-disciplinary consulting and design firm in land use, urban planning, civil engineering, traffic/transportation planning, as well as landscape architecture. He designs and lays out new communities and development projects throughout Arizona and in other parts of the world.

References

External links
San Diego State Aztecs

1992 births
Living people
American football offensive tackles
San Diego State Aztecs football players
Players of American football from San Bernardino County, California
People from Apple Valley, California


title: Tunnell–West House

text:
The Tunnell–West House is a historic house at 39 Central Avenue in Ocean View, Delaware.  The -story wood-frame house was built sometime between 1868 and 1890, and is a distinctive local example of vernacular Gothic Revival style.  Elements of the building's interior are particularly well preserved, including door hardware and trim elements.  The local historical society is adapting the house for use as a museum.

The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2012.

See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Sussex County, Delaware

References

External links
Ocean View Historical Society Projects

Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Delaware
Gothic Revival architecture in Delaware
Houses completed in 1868
Houses in Sussex County, Delaware
National Register of Historic Places in Sussex County, Delaware


The 2014–15 Kansas State Wildcats men's basketball team represented Kansas State University in the 2014–15 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. Their head coach was Bruce Weber, and was his third year at the helm of the Wildcats. The team played its home games in Bramlage Coliseum in Manhattan, Kansas, its home court since 1988. Kansas State was a member of the Big 12 Conference.

Preseason
The Wildcats finished the previous season 20–13, 10–8 in Big 12 play to finish in fifth place. They lost in the quarterfinals of the Big 12 tournament to Iowa State. They received an at-large bid to the NCAA tournament where they lost in the second round to Kentucky.

Departures

Incoming Transfers

Class of 2014 recruits

Roster

Schedule

|-
!colspan=12 style="background:#512888; color:#FFFFFF;"| Exhibition
|-

|-
!colspan=12 style="background:#512888; color:#FFFFFF;"| Non-conference regular season

|-
!colspan=12 style="background:#512888; color:#FFFFFF;"| Big 12 regular season

|-
!colspan=12 style="background:#512888; color:#FFFFFF;"| Big 12 tournament

References

Kansas State Wildcats men's basketball seasons
Kansas State
2014 in sports in Kansas
2015 in sports in Kansas


title: Salagena

text:
Salagena is a genus of moths in the family Cossidae described by Francis Walker in 1865.

Species
 Salagena albicilia Hampson, 1920
 Salagena albonotata Butler, 1898
 Salagena albovenosa Mey, 2011
 Salagena arcys D. S. Fletcher, 1968
 Salagena atridiscata Hampson, 1910
 Salagena bennybytebieri Lehmann, 2008
 Salagena charlottae Lehmann, 2008
 Salagena cuprea Gaede, 1929
 Salagena denigrata Gaede, 1929
 Salagena discata Gaede, 1929
 Salagena eustrigata Hampson, 1916
 Salagena fetlaworkae Rougeot, 1977
 Salagena fuscata Gaede, 1929
 Salagena guichardi Wiltshire, 1980
 Salagena inversa Gaede, 1929
 Salagena irrorata Le Cerf, 1914
 Salagena meyi Lehmann, 2007
 Salagena mirabilis Le Cerf, 1919
 Salagena narses Fawcett, 1916
 Salagena ngazidya Viette, 1981
 Salagena nigropuncta Le Cerf, 1919
 Salagena obsolescens Hampson, 1910
 Salagena quentinlukei Lehmann, 2008
 Salagena reticulata Janse, 1925
 Salagena tessellata Distant, 1897
 Salagena transversa Walker, 1865
 Salagena violetta Gaede, 1929

References

Metarbelinae


title: Chaval Outdoor

text:
Chaval is a privately owned company that designs and manufactures heated clothing. The company makes heated gloves for Alpine skiing, Freeskiing, and winter sport activity.

The company's heated gloves and technology has been reviewed by various media sources including Men's Journal, Financial Times and Octane gloves.  Polymer Solutions named the heating technology as one of "Top 25 Innovations Made With Polymers" in 2013.

The company's headquarters is in Bainbridge Island, Washington.

See also
Wearable technology
Raynaud's phenomenon

References

External links
Chaval Outdoor Official Site
Gloves Advice, Tips & Reviews
Safety Gloves, Aprons & Gowns

Gloves
Outdoor clothing brands


title: Musée des beaux-arts de Chambéry

text:
The Musée des beaux-arts de Chambéry (Fine Arts Museum of Chambéry) is an art museum in Chambéry, Savoie, France.

Foundation

The town of Chambéry  had a collection of art in one of the rooms of the Hôtel de Ville (Town Hall), open to the public in 1783.
This first collection was expanded during the 19th century.
Hector Garriod Baron (1803–1883) gave 104 paintings to the town between 1863 and 1878.
When he died, 140 works from his collection were bequeathed on condition that they were assembled in a museum.
The municipality charged the architect François Pelaz with converting the former granary at the entrance to the town into the new museum.
The people of Chambéry had been invited to talk about the annexation of Savoy to France (1860 Treaty of Turin) on the ground floor of this building.
The library was inaugurated on 14 July 1889 to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the founding of the department in the French Revolution.

History

From this starting point, the municipality continued to collect and safeguard works of art.
In 1905 it bought the domain of Charmettes, the childhood home of Jean-Jacques Rousseau.
In 1911 the Musée Savoisien was established in the buildings of the bishop's palace, awarded to the city following the law of separation of Church and State.
In 1958 some work was undertaken by the conservator Pierre Amiet.
The library was relocated in 1992 to make more space for exhibiting the collections, but the building had deteriorated over the years.
The municipality decided to renovate the museum, with the work completed by the start of 2012.
The cost was mostly covered by the town with some funding from the state.
The renovated museum was open in March 2012, and officially opened on 23 November 2012.

Today

The collections are mainly focused on classical Italian painting from the 14th to 18th centuries.
They include an outstanding altarpiece of the Trinity by Bartolo di Fredi, a Sienese artist of the fourteenth century.
There is also a good presentation of trends in Mannerism, the school of Caravaggio and Baroque.
Art from Florence predominates, including the triptych of the Passion by Domenico di Michelino and the famous Portrait of a young man by Paolo Uccello, as well as several works by Santi di Tito and Ghirlandaio. The Venetian, Neapolitan and Bolognese schools are also represented.
The museum has one of the richest collections in France of Italian works from schools such as Venice, Florence, Naples and Siena, which may be explained by the history of Savoy, lying between France and Italy.
There is also a good collection of classical French works and some mountain landscapes of the 19th century.
There is a large open space for temporary exhibitions.

References
Citations

Sources

Museums in Savoie
Chambéry
Buildings and structures in Chambéry


title: Jonathan E. Aviv

text:
Jonathan E. Aviv (born August 24, 1960) is an American otolaryngologist–head and neck surgeon and a professor of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery at Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Hospital in New York City, New York. He is also Clinical Director of the Voice and Swallowing Center at ENT and Allergy Associates in New York City, New York.
An inventor, author, educator, physician and surgeon, he is best known for his invention of Flexible Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing with Sensory Testing (FEESST), a medical device that allows office-based assessment of oropharyngeal dysphagia, or swallowing disorders, without the use of X-ray.  He is also known for his development of Transnasal Esophagoscopy (TNE), a method of examining the esophagus without using conscious or intravenous sedation.
From 1991 to 2009, he was a full-time academic surgeon and director of the division of head and neck surgery at Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons.

Early life and education
Aviv was born in New York City New York and raised in Los Angeles, California. He graduated from Beverly Hills High School and received his bachelor's degree in Chemistry at Columbia College of Columbia University, and his Doctor of Medicine from the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University in 1985. he completed his residency in Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery at the Mount Sinai Hospital (Manhattan), New York and completed a fellowship in micro-vascular head and neck reconstruction in 1990-1991.

Career

Medical practice
Aviv had an 18-year academic career as an attending physician at the Columbia University Medical Center  and as a Professor of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery at the Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons. In the Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery he served as Director of Microvascular Head and Neck Reconstruction, Director of Head and Neck Surgery and then Director of the Voice and Swallowing Center. He has published medical journal articles on microvascular head and neck reconstruction, tongue reconstruction and developed a method of restoring sensation to the throat using microsurgical techniques. He has also published numerous journal articles related to Flexible Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing with Sensory Testing (FEESST),Transnasal esophagoscopy (TNE), acid reflux disease and cough. He has authored or co-authored two textbooks and most recently a health and wellness book designed for the lay public called Killing Me Softly From Inside: The Mysteries and Dangers of Acid Reflux and Its connection to America's Fastest Growing Cancer with a Diet that may save your life.  He is licensed to practice medicine in New York and New Jersey.
In 2009 he left Columbia to join the largest Ear, Nose and Throat practice in the United States, ENT and Allergy Associates LLP, in New York City, NY. There he founded and became clinical director of the practices Voice and Swallowing Division.

National committees
In 1997, Aviv was appointed to be a Technical Advisor to the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research (AHCPR) branch of the Department  of  Health & Human Services, now Center for Medicaid and Medicare Services (CMS) regarding the diagnosis and treatment of swallowing disorders in older patients, which dovetailed with his appointment from 1996-2001 to the Functional Outcomes Task Force on Dysphagia by the American Speech and Hearing Association. He represented the American Academy of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery as Chairman of its Committee on Speech, Voice and Swallowing Disorders from 1997-2003. One of the significant accomplishments during these years was the development of a new series of CPT codes for office-based evaluation and treatment of swallowing disorders which carry on to this day.

Aviv was also President of   the American Broncho-Esophagological Association 2005-2006, and the New York Laringological Society  in 2004.

Honors
Aviv was awarded the Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center- Clinical Trials Award in 1993 as well as the Florence and Herbert Irving Scholarship Award from Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons 1993-1996. He was awarded the American Broncho-Esophagological Association- Broyles-Maloney Award-1995, the Honor Award- American Academy of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery in 1997, The Maxwell Abramson Memorial Award for Excellence in Teaching and Service-
Columbia University- 1997/1998.

In 2004 he was selected to give the   Chevalier Jackson Lecture to the American Broncho-Esophagological Association, and in 2005 gave the	State of the Art Lecture- American Laryngological Association 2005. In 2006, Aviv was made a Lifetime Honorary Member of the Israeli Society of Otolaryngology/Head & Neck Surgery.
Jonathan Aviv has been in New York Magazine's “Best Doctors” for 15 consecutive years 1998-2013 and been in Best Doctors in America for the last 10 consecutive years 2004-2013.

Personal life
In 1998, Aviv married Robin Kiam, daughter of Victor Kiam in a Jewish ceremony in Manhattan.  They had three children and later divorced. He is now married to Samara Aviv and they live in New York City.

Bibliography

Books

Aviv JE, Murry T. FEESST (Flexible Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing with Sensory Testing). Plural Publishing Co. San Diego, CA. 2005.
Postma G, Belafsky P, Aviv JE. Atlas of Transnasal Esophagoscopy. Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins. Philadelphia, PA. 2006.
Aviv JE. Killing Me Softly From Inside. The  Mysteries and Dangers of Acid Reflux and Its Connection to America's Fastest Growing Cancer with a Diet That May Save Your Life. Create Space Independent Publishing Platform. North Charleston, SC. 2014.

References

1960 births
Living people
American otolaryngologists
Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons alumni
Columbia College (New York) alumni
Beverly Hills High School alumni


title: Americus Township, Lyon County, Kansas

text:
Americus Township is a township in Lyon County, Kansas, United States.

History
Americus Township was founded in 1857.

References

Townships in Lyon County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas
1857 establishments in Kansas Territory


title: Emporia Township, Lyon County, Kansas

text:
Emporia Township is a township in Lyon County, Kansas, United States.

History
Emporia Township was founded in 1857.

References

Townships in Lyon County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas
1857 establishments in Kansas Territory


title: Fremont Township, Lyon County, Kansas

text:
Fremont Township is a township in Lyon County, Kansas, United States.

History
Fremont Township was founded in 1859.

References

Townships in Lyon County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas


title: Margaret Muthwii

text:
Margaret Jepkirui Muthwii (born 13 October 1957) is a Kenyan academic who has been vice-chancellor of Pan Africa Christian University since January 2014.

She was educated at the University of Nairobi (BA, 1980) and the University of East Anglia (MA, 1986; PhD, 1994). She was previously a senior lecturer at Kenyatta University.

Publications
 Language use in pluri-lingual socieites : the significance of code-switching, 1986
 Variability in language use : a study of Kalenjin speakers of English and Kiswahili in Kenya, 1994
 New language bearings in Africa : a fresh quest, 2003

References

1957 births
Living people
University of Nairobi alumni
Alumni of the University of East Anglia
Vice-chancellors of universities in Kenya
20th-century Kenyan writers
21st-century Kenyan writers
20th-century Kenyan women writers
21st-century Kenyan women writers


title: Ivy Township, Lyon County, Kansas

text:
Ivy Township is a township in Lyon County, Kansas, United States.

History
Ivy Township was founded in 1886.

References

Townships in Lyon County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas


title: Jackson Township, Lyon County, Kansas

text:
Jackson Township is a township in Lyon County, Kansas, United States.

History
Jackson Township was originally called Forest Hill Township, and under the latter name was formed in 1859. It was renamed Jackson Township in 1860.

References

Townships in Lyon County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas


title: Pike Township, Lyon County, Kansas

text:
Pike Township is a township in Lyon County, Kansas, United States.

History
Pike Township was originally called Cottonwood Township, and the latter name was established in 1857. It was renamed Pike Township in 1860.

References

Townships in Lyon County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas
1857 establishments in Kansas Territory


title: Squamicapilla arenata

text:
Squamicapilla arenata is a moth in the family Cossidae, and the only species in the genus Squamicapilla. It is found in the Philippines.

References

Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

Metarbelinae
Moths described in 1908


title: Squamura

text:
Squamura is a genus of moths in the family Cossidae.

Species
 Squamura acutistriata (Mell, 1923)
 Squamura celebensis Roepke, 1957
 Squamura disciplaga (Swinhoe, 1901)
 Squamura kinabalua (Holloway, 1976)
 Squamura maculata Heylaerts, 1890
 Squamura roepkei Holloway, 1982
 Squamura tenera Roepke, 1957

Former species
 Squamura sumatrana Roepke, 1957

References

External links
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

Metarbelinae


title: Waterloo Township, Lyon County, Kansas

text:
Waterloo Township is a township in Lyon County, Kansas, United States.

History
Waterloo Township was originally called Kanzas Center Township [sic], and under the latter name was established in 1857. It was renamed Waterloo Township in 1859.

References

Townships in Lyon County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas
1857 establishments in Kansas Territory


title: Kootenay Land District

text:
The Kootenay Land District is a cadastral survey subdivision of the province of British Columbia, Canada, created with rest of those on Mainland British Columbia via the Lands Act of the Colony of British Columbia in 1860.  The British Columbia government's BC Names system, a subdivision of GeoBC, defines a land district as "a territorial division with legally defined boundaries for administrative purposes"   All land titles and surveys use the Land District system as the primary point of reference, and entries in BC Names for placenames and geographical objects are so listed.

Description
The land district comprises all those parts of the Kootenay River and Columbia River basins in the southeast corner of the province, excepting the drainages of the Okanagan, Granby, Sanpoil and Kettle Rivers, i.e. all those sub-basins of the Columbia on the west and south of the summit-line of the Monashee Mountains.  Also not in the land district is the northernmost part of the Columbia's basin, north of Boat Encampment and Mica Creek, northwest of which is the Cariboo Land District.  To the Kootenay Land District's west is the Yale Land District, which includes the Kamloops-Shuswap, Okanagan and Boundary Country regions of the province.  While most land districts are primarily defined by lines of latitude and longitude and survey parcel boundaries, the boundaries of the Kootenay Land District are near-entirely the summit-line of the encasing mountain ranges, namely the aforementioned Monashee Mountains on the west, and the border with Alberta along the line of the Rockies

See also
Kootenay (disambiguation)
List of Land Districts of British Columbia

References

Southern Interior of British Columbia


title: Stenagra multipunctata

text:
Stenagra multipunctata is a moth in the family Cossidae, and the only species in the genus Stenagra. It is found in Nigeria.

References

Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

Endemic fauna of Nigeria
Metarbelinae
Moths described in 1920


title: Heyking

text:
Heyking is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Elisabeth von Heyking (1861–1925), German novelist and travel writer
Rüdiger von Heyking (1894–1956), German officer and Lieutenant General of the Luftwaffe during World War II


title: James Mworia

text:
James Mworia Mwirigi is a Kenyan lawyer, accountant, and business executive. He is the managing director and chief executive officer of Centum Investment Company, the largest publicly traded private capital firm in Eastern Africa. He has served in that capacity since 2008. Mworia was cited as one of the Top 100 most influential Africans by New African magazine in 2017.

Background and education
Mworia was born in 1978. He attended Alliance High School, Strathmore University, and the University of Nairobi. He has a Bachelor of Laws from University of Nairobi. He is also a certified public accountant and a chartered financial analyst. In 2016, Machakos University awarded him an honorary doctorate degree.

Work history
In 2001, Mworia began working as a filing clerk at Centum Investment Company. Despite having a law degree and several other financial and accounting diplomas and certificates, he accepted this entry-level position. He gradually rose through the ranks, and in 2005 he was appointed chief investment officer at Centum Investments. He served in that position until December 2006, when he joined TransCentury Investments as its head of investments.

In 2008, at age 30, he was appointed chief executive officer (CEO) and managing director at Centum. During his first six years as CEO, Centum increased its asset base from KES:6 billion (US$69 million) to approximately KES:30 billion (US$350 million).

Other responsibilities
He serves as the chairman of the board of directors at Sidian Bank. He also serves as a board member at the Nairobi Stock Exchange (NSE), effective June 2015. In June 2018, he is expected to leave the board of the NSE, having served his three year term, and having declined to offer himself for re-election.

In September 2016, he was named the highest paid executive among the five largest corporations in Kenya, with an annual compensation package valued at KES:201.1 million (approx. US$2 million) annually.

In October 2016, he was appointed Chancellor of Machakos University, a public university in Machakos County, Kenya.

He also sits on the board of Lewa Wildlife Conservancy and Isuzu Motors Limted.

Personal life
According to a 2011 published report, James Mworia is married.

See also
 Nairobi Securities Exchange

References

External links
Tutu's Children - James Mworia: 'Being World Class'

1978 births
Living people
University of Nairobi alumni
Kikuyu people
Strathmore University alumni
Kenyan accountants
Kenyan businesspeople
CFA charterholders
Kenyan business executives
Centum Investment Company people


title: Subarchaeopacha alberici

text:
Subarchaeopacha alberici is a moth in the family Cossidae, and the only species in the genus Subarchaeopacha. It is found in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

References

Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

Metarbelinae
Moths described in 1945


title: Mike Sertich

text:
Mike Sertich (born 1947) is an American ice hockey coach. He was the head coach of Minnesota-Duluth from 1983 through to 2000. He continued coaching for several years after resigning before retiring.

Career
Mike Sertich began his career at Minnesota-Duluth in the mid-1960s, playing three years as a defenseman for the Bulldogs. After his playing days were over he got behind the bench at Grand Rapids High School with Gus Hendrickson, a man he would eventually replace as head coach. In 1975 both Sertich and Hendrickson would join the staff at his alma mater though Hendrickson, as head coach, saw very little success, having only one winning season in seven years. Sertich was chosen to replace Hendrickson for the 1982-83 season and brought about an immediate change.

In Sertich's first season at the helm, Minnesota-Duluth posted a 28-win season, the most victories the team had accumulated in one year to that point, and amassed the best record since it had joined the WCHA in 1965. Additionally they made their first NCAA Tournament appearance. The next season saw a slight improvement when the Bulldogs won the 1984 WCHA men's ice hockey tournament before marching all the way to the 1984 National Championship game but ended up losing to Bowling Green in quadruple overtime. Sertich saw more gains the following year with a second consecutive conference title and an outstanding 36-win season (UMD's only 30-win season to date) (as of 2014). Duluth finished the 1985 NCAA Tournament in third place, losing in the semifinal to eventual champion Rensselaer though this time only in triple overtime. For his exemplary record in his first three years as head coach Sertich was named WCHA coach of the Year each season (no other coach has ever won in consecutive years) and the national coach of the year in 1984.

After those early years, however, the Bulldogs fell back to the rest of the pack. After another successful season in 1985-86, Minnesota-Duluth would only have two winning seasons over the next nine years, one of which coming in 1992-93 when Sertich won both his last regular season title and coach of the year award (both from the WCHA). After a brief renaissance in the mid-1990s with three consecutive winning seasons the Bulldogs won only 7 games in 1998-99, their lowest total in 30 years, and while they improved the following season, it wasn't enough to keep Sertich around as he announced, mid-season, that the 2000 campaign would be his last.

Less than a year later Sertich was suddenly back in the college ranks after taking over at Michigan Tech in the middle of the season. Sertich replaced an ineffective Tim Watters after the latter began the year 1-7-1 and sought to fix the fortunes of the once-great Huskies, salvaging the season by going 7-17-3 the rest of the way. Sertich spent two more years in Houghton calling it quits a second time and while the results weren't shown in the standings, there was a definite improvement with the character of the team. Several years later Sertich signed on as an assistant at St. Scholastica College in Minnesota, but left after only two seasons, presumably (though not definitively) for good this time.

Head coaching record

Mid-Season replacement†

References

External links
Mike Sertich Career Record at College Hockey News

American ice hockey coaches
Minnesota Duluth Bulldogs men's ice hockey coaches
Michigan Tech Huskies men's ice hockey coaches
1947 births
Living people
People from Virginia, Minnesota
Ice hockey coaches from Minnesota
Ice hockey players from Minnesota


title: Ririkumutima

text:
Mwamikazi Nidi Ririkumutima Bizima Bitazimiza Mwezi (died 28 July 1917) was Queen Regent of Burundi from 1908 to her death.

Early life and family
Ririkumutima was born in the mid-nineteenth century in the Kingdom of Burundi, the third daughter of Chief Sekawonyi of the Watussi Munyakarama clan by his wife Inankinso. One of thirteen wives of Mwezi Gisabo (ca. 1850 – 1908), king of Burundi, Ririkumutima gave birth to three daughters and six sons.

Political career
The elderly king Mwezi died in 1908. Ririkumutima was anxious to secure that the royal succession would pass to one of her sons. Aware that another wife, Ntibahinya, was gaining favour and that the throne seemed likely to pass to Ntibahinya's son, Mbikije, Ririkumutima arranged for Ntibahinya's assassination. She then proclaimed throughout the kingdom that she was Mbukije's mother and therefore the rightful queen mother. While it was widely known that Ririkumutima was not Mbukije's biological mother, the fiction was accepted and she served as regent both during Mbukije's reign as Mutaga IV Mbikije and the following reign of Mwambutsa IV.

The role of queen mother (mugabekazi) was a highly revered one in Burundian society; this, coupled with Ririkumutima's political acumen made her a formidable presence. Her other sons became important chiefs in the local aristocracy.

Relation to European colonial government
Though Burundi had become a German colony as part of German East Africa in 1890, the colonial power did not effectively occupy or control the region. In 1916 during World War I, the Belgian troops invaded and occupied the region.

The first Europeans to encounter Ririkumutima described her as being:

Death
Ririkumutima died at Gitega on 28 July 1917.

References

1917 deaths
Burundian politicians
Burundian women in politics
Burundian religious leaders
Year of birth missing


title: Teragra

text:
Teragra is a genus of moths in the family Cossidae.

Species
 Teragra althodes Hampson, 1920
 Teragra angulifascia Gaede, 1929
 Teragra cammae Lehmann, 2007
 Teragra clarior Gaede, 1929
 Teragra conspersa Walker, 1855
 Teragra guttifera Hampson, 1910
 Teragra insignifica Gaede, 1929
 Teragra irvingi Janse, 1925
 Teragra lemairei Rougeot, 1977
 Teragra macroptera Mey, 2011
 Teragra ochreisticta Gaede, 1929
 Teragra orphnina Hering, 1932
 Teragra punctana Mey, 2011
 Teragra quadrangula Gaede, 1929
 Teragra simplicius Le Cerf
 Teragra trimaculata Gaede, 1929
 Teragra tristicha Hampson, 1920
 Teragra umbrifera Hampson, 1910
 Teragra villiersi Rougeot, 1977
 Teragra vogti Bethune-Baker, 1927

Former species
 Teragra basiplaga Gaede, 1929
 Teragra fuscoradiata Gaede, 1929
 Teragra leucostigma Hampson, 1910
 Teragra neurosticta Hampson, 1910
 Teragra ochreicosta Gaede, 1929
 Teragra simillima Hampson, 1910
 Teragra sticticosta Hampson, 1910

References

External links
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

Metarbelinae


title: Pointe-aux-Sables Mates

text:
Pointe aux Sables Mates is a Mauritian football club based in Port Louis. They play in the Mauritian Second Division, the second division in Mauritian football.

The club played in the 2006 CAF Confederation Cup. They lost 4–0 on aggregate to ZESCO United of Zambia.

PAS Mates won the 2004–05 Second Division and finished runners-up in the cup. In 2014, the club received promotion back to the Mauritian top flight.

Stadium
Their home stadium is Sir Gaetan Duval Stadium (cap. 7,000), located in Beau-Bassin Rose-Hill.

Honours
Mauritian Second Division: 2004–2005, 2014–2015

Performance in CAF competitions
2006 CAF Confederation Cup: first round

References

External links

:fr:Pointe-aux-Sables Mates

Curepipe
Football clubs in Mauritius


title: RecPlex

text:
The Pleasant Prairie RecPlex is a recreational facility in Kenosha County, Wisconsin. "The Largest Municipal Recreational Facility in America", it consists of 302,000 square feet in Prairie Springs Park on the shores of Lake Andrea.

History
Planning for the RecPlex began in 1998. WisPark donated $4 million for its construction, after previously providing $1.6 million to construct Prairie Springs Park. Construction began with a groundbreaking ceremony on October 12, 1999, and the RecPlex opened almost a year later, on October 1, 2000. The facility included a 17,000 square foot leisure pool, a 60,000 square foot field house, an 8,000 square foot fitness center, a 1/6-mile suspended track, changing rooms, a child-care area and a snack bar.

On January 12, 2004, construction began for an addition to the RecPlex. A new, larger fitness center, more changing rooms, an expanded child-care area, racquetball courts, a multi-purpose studio, and party rooms were all added. In total, the facility's area increased by 42,000 square feet. Separately, a 79,000 square foot ice arena, with two NHL-sized ice rinks and additional amenities, was also constructed.

In late 2008, a second major expansion was announced. An Olympic-sized swimming pool would be built, with $8 million in funding from Uline, which was in the process of moving from Waukegan, Illinois to Pleasant Prairie. The Village broke ground for the pool on June 22, 2009 and completed it almost a year later, on June 10, 2010. The 42,000 square foot expansion also included related amenities, as well as seating for approximately 600 spectators. Water and air in the pool is heated and cooled with geothermal technology placed in the adjacent Lake Andrea. Ultraviolet technology, similar to that installed in the original aquatic center, is used to treat the water.

References

External links

Protected areas of Kenosha County, Wisconsin


title: Ratarda

text:
Ratarda is a genus of moths in the family Cossidae.

Species
 Ratarda excellens (Strand, 1917) (originally in Shisa)
 Ratarda flavimargo Hering, 1925
 Ratarda furvivestita Hampson
 Ratarda guttifera Hering, 1925
 Ratarda javanica Roepke, 1937
 Ratarda marmorata Moore, 1879
 Ratarda melanoxantha Hering, 1925
 Ratarda mora Hering, 1925

References

External links
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

Ratardinae


title: Callosiope banghaasi

text:
Callosiope banghaasi is a moth in the family Cossidae, and the only species in the genus Callosiope. It is found on Peninsular Malaysia and Sumatra.

References

Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

Ratardinae


title: Sumatratarda diehlii

text:
Sumatratarda diehlii is a moth in the family Cossidae, and the only species in the genus Sumatratarda. It is found on Sumatra.

References

Ratardinae


title: Phenotypic heterogeneity

text:
Phenotypic heterogeneity describes different mutations in the same gene that can sometimes give rise to strikingly different phenotypes.

E.g., certain loss-of-function mutations in the RET gene, which encodes a receptor tyrosine kinase, can cause dominantly inherited failure of development of colonic ganglia, leading to defective colonic motility and severe chronic constipation (Hirschsprung disease).

References

Classical genetics
Mutation


title: Amyas Morse, Baron Morse

text:
Amyas Charles Edward Morse, Baron Morse,  (born 28 June 1949) is a British politician and interim chair of the Office for Local Government. Between 2009 and 2019 he was the Comptroller and Auditor General of the National Audit Office, an independent Parliamentary body.

Born in Glasgow, Morse led the Coopers and Lybrand practice in Scotland before moving to London to manage the London City Office, subsequently becoming executive partner of Coopers and Lybrand UK. He was a global managing partner at PricewaterhouseCoopers before he was named Comptroller and Auditor General, succeeding Sir John Bourn.

Affiliations
 Member, Institute of Chartered Accountants (Scotland)

Honours
Morse was appointed Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath (KCB) in the 2014 Birthday Honours for services to parliament and public sector audit.

On 24 February 2021, it was announced that he had been recommended for a life peerage by the House of Lords Appointments Commission. He was created Baron Morse, of Aldeburgh in the County of Suffolk on 26 March 2021.

References

1949 births
Living people
Civil servants from Glasgow
British auditors
Scottish accountants
Knights Commander of the Order of the Bath
PricewaterhouseCoopers people
Coopers and Lybrand people
Crossbench life peers
People's peers
Life peers created by Elizabeth II


title: Endoxyla (moth)

text:
Endoxyla is a genus of moths in the family Cossidae.

Species

 Endoxyla acontucha
 Endoxyla affinis
 Endoxyla amphiplecta
 Endoxyla angasii
 Endoxyla biarpiti
 Endoxyla bipustulata
 Endoxyla celebesa
 Endoxyla cinereus
 Endoxyla columbina
 Endoxyla coscinopa
 Endoxyla coscinophanes
 Endoxyla coscinota
 Endoxyla decorata
 Endoxyla dictyoschema
 Endoxyla didymoplaca
 Endoxyla donovani
 Endoxyla duponchelli
 Endoxyla edwardsi
 Endoxyla eluta
 Endoxyla encalypti
 Endoxyla episticha
 Endoxyla eremonoma
 Endoxyla eumitra
 Endoxyla euplecta
 Endoxyla euryphaea
 Endoxyla fusca
 Endoxyla grisea
 Endoxyla houlberti
 Endoxyla interlucens
 Endoxyla leucomochla
 Endoxyla lichenea
 Endoxyla lituratus
 Endoxyla mackeri
 Endoxyla macleayi
 Endoxyla magnifica
 Endoxyla magniguttata
 Endoxyla methychroa
 Endoxyla meyi
 Endoxyla minutiscripta
 Endoxyla nebulosa
 Endoxyla nephocosma
 Endoxyla neuroxantha
 Endoxyla nubila
 Endoxyla opposita
 Endoxyla perigypsa
 Endoxyla phaeocosma
 Endoxyla polyplecta
 Endoxyla polyploca
 Endoxyla pulchra
 Endoxyla punctifimbria
 Endoxyla reticulosa
 Endoxyla secta
 Endoxyla sordida
 Endoxyla stenoptila
 Endoxyla tanyctena
 Endoxyla tenebrifer
 Endoxyla tigrina
 Endoxyla turneri
 Endoxyla vittata
 Endoxyla zophoplecta
 Endoxyla zophospila

References

External links
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

Cossidae genera


title: Asher Vollmer

text:
Asher Vollmer (born September 14, 1989) is an American indie video game developer. He created Puzzlejuice and Threes. Vollmer also worked on Guildlings and Beast Breaker.

While a student at USC Interactive Media & Games Division, he developed 2012 iOS game Puzzlejuice with Greg Wohlwend. The pair's next game, the 2014 iOS puzzle game Threes, received numerous awards and was later ported to multiple platforms. Among other projects, Vollmer subsequently worked on Close Castles, a real-time strategy game later put on hiatus, and Royals, a simulation game for OS X and Windows.

Career

Vollmer is a graduate of the USC Interactive Media & Games Division program. As a student, he began work on Puzzlejuice, a puzzle video game. He reached out to artist Greg Wohlwend for aesthetic advice, which led to a collaboration between the two. Puzzlejuice is a combination of Tetris, tile-matching, and Boggle: players rearrange falling tetromino blocks into rows of similar colors, which turn into letters that are cleared from the board by forming words. The iOS game was released on January 19, 2012, to what review aggregator Metacritic described as "generally favorable" reviews. Multiple reviewers mentioned the difficulty in mentally balancing the various components of the game.

Vollmer started as thatgamecompany's "feel engineer" in August 2012, but left in April 2013 to "go indie" and work on his own projects. On his blog, he said he thought the studio's current project would be groundbreaking, though he was unhappy working there. Vollmer tried to write a short story in an attempt to take a break from games. Before long, he began to play with his computer keyboard. Vollmer challenged himself to make a game that only used the arrow keys, and prototyped what would become Threes in ten hours overnight. He proceeded to iterate on the idea with Wohlwend over the game's 14-month development. In Threes, the player slides numbered tiles on a four-by-four grid to combine addends and multiples of three. Vollmer cited Drop7 as an inspiration for the game, having played it for two years beforehand.

Threes had no original inclination towards minimalism. In fact, Vollmer and Wohlwend felt that the game needed to appear more complex so as to interest players. They returned to the original idea and added character personalities to the tiles. The iOS game was released on February 6, 2014, to what Metacritic characterized as "universal acclaim". Reviewers found the game "charming" and "addictive", and compared it to Drop7 (2009), Triple Town (2010), and Stickets (2013). Eurogamer and TouchArcade awarded the game perfect scores, with the latter calling Threes "about as close as it gets to a perfect mobile game". Other developers released similar games and clones within weeks of the game's launch. Apple named Threes its best iPhone game of 2014. The game was later ported to Android, Xbox One, and Windows Phone platforms. Polygon included Vollmer in their "50 admirable gaming people of 2014" for his work on Threes.

Vollmer thought he would work on a new game a month after releasing Threes, but was kept busy by obligations to fix and update the game, to port it to other platforms, and to promote game through press and events. He was convinced that he would never make a game "as clean and tight as Threes ever again". Vollmer's next game was Close Castles, a real-time strategy game.

After Threes

Vollmer unveiled Close Castles in June 2014. Players start in corners of a "grid map" and are represented by castles. Vollmer explained that the game's name is from castles built too close to one another, starting a mutually assured destruction scenario. Players can build three structure types out from their castle: towers that fire at incoming enemies (defense), houses that make "loyal subjects" (offense), and markets that make money (economy). The "A" button with a direction constructs a path directing followers to the enemy. Followers capture enemy structures as denoted by a "defense bar" that fills as followers enter the structure and that destroys the structure when filled. Markets are the weakest structure, and two towers can defend against one house. Player turf grows as player structures approach the limits of their area. Players earn five units of money a second, which increases by five for every market. Polygon called the game's simple visual design "horrifyingly deceptive". Vollmer has said that games should last around three minutes apiece and that the local multiplayer's lack of "hidden information" should make interactions with other players less of a "sadomasochistic" game of waiting for an opponent to concede. The game was demoed on an Xbox 360 but was planned for release on the PlayStation 4. Vollmer put the project on hold while he worked out "fundamental flaws" in the gameplay.

While Vollmer traditionally worked on multiple games at once, Close Castles was his only project when it was in production. In March 2015, he worked three days a week on a bigger project with a small team, and saved his other days for personal experimentation and Threes bugs. The next month, Vollmer released Royals, a pay what you want simulation game for OS X and Windows. In Royals, the player controls a peasant who advances towards royal status by collecting resources and followers. In February 2016, Sirvo Studios announced Guildlings, a fantasy adventure game, which was later released in November 2019. Vollmer had founded Sirvo with other indie developers the previous year, which received funding from FunPlus, who also started a $50 million investment fund for the early projects of rising video game developers and artists. In September 2021, Vodeo Games, which was co-founded by Vollmer, released adventure game Beast Breaker. Vollmer felt Guildlings was misaligned with his design sensibilities, which led to Vodeo. In September 2022, Vodeo Games, which employees' Communications Workers of America affiliated union was noted for being in the process of  bargaining, closed after "running out of funds".

References

External links

1989 births
American video game designers
Indie game developers
Place of birth missing (living people)
Living people
USC Interactive Media & Games Division alumni


title: Joan Greenbaum

text:
Joan Greenbaum (born October 7, 1942) is an American political economist, labor activist, and Professor Emerita at the CUNY Graduate Center (Environmental Psychology) and LaGuardia Community College (Computer Systems Information). She also taught and conducted research at Aarhus University (Computer Science) (1986–88; 1991–92; 2007), and the University of Oslo (Informatics) (1995–96). Her numerous books and articles focus on participatory design of technology information systems, technology and workplace organization, and gender and technology.

Personal life and education
Born to Harriet and Nathan Greenbaum in Bronx, NY, Greenbaum attended public schools in White Plains, NY. She earned a B.A. in economics at Penn State (1963) and a Ph.D. in Political Economy from Union Graduate School (1977), with coursework at the New School for Social Research and a scholarship from the Institute for Policy Studies. Greenbaum has four sons and several grandchildren.

Technology
As an undergraduate student, Greenbaum programmed one of the first computers, the IBM 650, a vacuum tube computer system, in binary code. Following college, she worked as a computer programmer at IBM at a time when few women worked in computer systems. Greenbaum was the first woman faculty member in the Computer Systems Information Department (then called Data Processing) at LaGuardia Community College shortly after it was founded as a cooperative educational institution, making higher education accessible to local factory works and other laborers (1973-2007). More recently, she was a fellow at the research institute AI Now (2019-2020)

Labor activism
Greenbaum is a longtime labor activist championing workers' rights and raising awareness of social justice issues. In the late 1960s-early 70s, she was an activist with Computer People for Peace, an organization of workers in the computer field who were against the War in Vietnam. She was active in early efforts to unionize computer workers, which she discussed in a 2019 interview with Logic magazine, and said:

"I believe everything starts with a single issue. You start with a single issue, and my issue was working conditions."

She is a member of the executive board of the Professional Staff Congress (PSC), the union that represents more than 30,000 faculty and staff at the City University of New York, and co-founded the Environmental Health and Safety Watchdogs. She was given the Unsung Hero Award at the New York State United Teachers (NYSUT) Health and Safety Conference in 2013.

Participatory Design
Greenbaum's academic work has been most influential among scholars in the technology and design fields, specifically those working on participatory design of computer systems, which involves the active involvement of all stakeholders (e.g. employees, partners, customers, citizens, end users) in the design process to help ensure the result meets their needs and is usable. She collaborated with scholars in Scandinavia, where the concept of cooperative design took root and who developed strategies and techniques for workers to influence the design and use of computer applications at the workplace. Also in the area of participatory design, Greenbaum's work has been applied to studies of museums and cultural heritage institutions. Dagny Stuedahl, a professor in media design who has written about participatory design methods in museums in Norway, has been influenced by Greenbaum's focus on the organizational context for participation and involvement in processes that is central for the innovations in heritage institutions.

Books
From her work with participatory design, Greenbaum wrote three books: In the Name of Efficiency (Temple University Press, 1979); Design at Work: Cooperative Design of Computer Systems (Erlbaum Press, 1991), which she co-authored with Morten Kyng; and Windows on the Workplace: Computers, Jobs, and the Organization of Office Work in the Late Twentieth Century (1995, Monthly Review Press) In the Name of Efficiency is considered a core text in the field of labor studies, while Design at Work, her most cited piece of work, remains one of the central publications in the field of information systems design and organizational change. Windows on the Workplace:  captures stories of organizations and the people who work for them, focusing on the history of office technology in the 50 years prior to publication. The 2004 second edition was updated to include the use of the internet in offices. Of her work, John Bellamy Foster wrote, "Joan Greenbaum, who has conducted extensive research into high technology and the division of labor in office work...argues that "deskilling," though an important and fundamental strategy," often only lays "the groundwork for other devices in management's bag of tricks"

Selected peer reviewed articles and book chapters

  “The Head and the Heart : Using Gender Analysis to Study Social Construction of computer systems”, Computers and Society,  ACM SIGCAS, July 1990
 "Return to the Garden of Eden? Learning, Working, and Living”, with Fischer, Gerhard & Frieder Nake, The Journal of the Learning Sciences, 9(4), Fall 2000, pp505–513.
 “Got Air”, with David Kotelchuck, Working USA, Fall 2003, Vol. 7, No. 2. reprinted in “Got Air: Indoor air  quality in US offices”, with David Kotelchuck, in Vernon Mogensen, ed., Worker Safety Under Siege: Labor, Capital and the Politics of Workplace Safety (M.E. Sharpe, 2005).
 “Appropriating digital environments: (Re) constructing the physical through the digital”, in ReSearching a Digital Bauhaus, T. Binder, L. Malbom (eds). Springer Verlag, 2008.
 "Participation, the camel and the elephant of design", with Daria Loi, CoDesign, International Journal of Cocreation in Design and the Arts. Vol. 8, No 2-3 Sept 2012, Taylor & Francis.
 "Heritage: Having a Say", Chapter 2 with Finn Kensing, in The Handbook of Participatory Design, Keld Bodker, Jesper Simonsen, Toni Robertson, eds., Routledge 2012.

Selected Keynote Addresses

 “The Design Challenge-Creating a Mosaic out of Chaos”, ACM Computer Human Interaction Conference (CHI), Denver, May 1995.
 "Creating a Sense of Place”, Information Technology,Transnational Democracy & Gender, Lulea, Sweden, 2003.
 “Social Inclusion & Exclusion in IT design”, International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP),  Limerick, Ireland, July 2006.
 “Political Economy of Mobile Technology”, 30th International Labour Process Conference, Stockholm, Sweden, March 2012

References

Citations

Sources

Living people
1942 births
Pennsylvania State University alumni
People from the Bronx
CUNY Graduate Center faculty
Trade unionists from New York (state)
20th-century American non-fiction writers
American women non-fiction writers
American computer programmers
20th-century American women writers
21st-century American women


title: Onthophagus coenobita

text:
Onthophagus coenobita is a species of dung beetle in the genus Onthophagus.

It typically feeds on dung, but also carrion and decaying fungi. It mainly feeds on human dung, but also dog, cattle, horse, goat, sheep and pig dung.

References

Scarabaeinae
Beetles described in 1783


The 1921 British Mount Everest reconnaissance expedition set off to explore how it might be possible to get to the vicinity of Mount Everest, to reconnoitre possible routes for ascending the mountain, and – if possible – make the first ascent of the highest mountain in the world. At that time Nepal was closed to foreigners, so any approach had to be from the north, through Tibet. A feasible route was discovered from the east up the Kharta Glacier and then crossing the Lhakpa La pass north east of Everest. It was then necessary to descend to the East Rongbuk Glacier before climbing again to Everest's North Col. However, although the North Col was reached, it was not possible to climb further before the expedition had to withdraw.

Initially the expedition explored from the north and discovered the main Rongbuk Glacier, only to find that it seemed to provide no likely routes to the summit. However, at the time it was not realised that the East Rongbuk glacier actually flowed into the Rongbuk glacier – it was thought it descended away to the east.

As a reconnaissance the expedition was a success because it determined that a good route might be to approach the East Rongbuk glacier via the Rongbuk glacier, and then follow the North Col route to the summit. Next year the 1922 British Mount Everest expedition took this route and was able to climb above the North Col, although it did not reach the summit.

Charles Howard-Bury led the 1921 expedition and George Mallory, who had never before been to Himalaya, was included in the team. As events were to turn out, Mallory became the de facto lead climber. Howard-Bury wrote a book about the expedition, Mount Everest, the Reconnaissance, 1921, to which Mallory contributed six of the chapters.

Background

In 1856 the Great Trigonometric Survey was able to calculate that the highest peak in the world was not Kangchenjunga, but, rather, the somewhat unnoticed Peak XV, which was measured to be 29,002 feet high. Mountaineering was in its infancy but antagonism and apathy towards it were waning so, by 1907, to celebrate the fiftieth anniversary of the Alpine Club, a definite plan was hatched for a British reconnaissance of Everest. General Charles Bruce, who later on became the president of the club, was chosen to lead the expedition. Entry to Tibet, which had historically refused entry to foreigners, became possible due to Sir Francis Younghusband's imperial and exploratory activities, which culminated in his "Mission to Lhasa" and subsequent 1904 Treaty of Lhasa. Initially, the British Secretary of State for India, Lord Morley, refused permission for an expedition out of "consideration of high Imperial policy". This political delay and World War I, in John Buchan's words, "put an end to these pleasant fancies".

By 1920 the Secretary of State had given approval for an expedition so Colonel Charles Howard-Bury was sent on a diplomatic mission which persuaded the Viceroy of India, Lord Reading, to support that idea. Because Nepal was closed to entry at the time, the expedition's planned approach march would be through Sikkim. The viceroy's agent there, Sir Charles Bell, had been working in Lhasa and he had formed a good relationship with the Dalai Lama, who granted an entry pass for the expedition.

In January 1921 the Alpine Club and the Royal Geographical Society (of which Younghusband was now President) jointly set up the Mount Everest Committee to co-ordinate and fund the expedition. Although they initially supported an all-out attempt at the summit, members of the committee eventually agreed that the primary purpose of the mission should be reconnaissance.

The expedition team and the march in

Bruce's military duties prevented him from participating so Howard-Bury was chosen as leader. It was a reconnaissance expedition and at the time  was the closest any explorer had been to the mountain. The expedition set off in April 1921 – the climbing team consisted of two experienced mountaineers, Harold Raeburn and Alexander Kellas, and two younger men, George Mallory and Guy Bullock, both Old Wykehamists without any Himalayan experience. The expedition team also included Sandy Wollaston, a naturalist and doctor, Alexander Heron, a geologist, Henry Morshead (also an Old Wykehamist) and Oliver Wheeler, surveyors seconded from the army. When George Bernard Shaw saw a photograph (above) of them wearing Norfolk jackets, knickerbockers, puttees and tweeds he quipped that they "looked like a Connemara picnic trapped in a snowstorm".

The expedition, having gathered Sherpas, Bhutias, porters, supplies and 100 Army mules (which later had to be replaced with hill mules and yaks), set off from Darjeeling in British India on 18 May 1921 for the  march to Everest.  During their march, the climate changed from hot and humid with verdant growth and heavy, frequent rain, to cold, dry and very windy. The route took them through Sikkim – northeast through Tista valley, over the Jelep La into Tibet and on into the Chumbi Valley, passing Phari at , crossing the Himalaya watershed at Tang La and continuing to the Tibetan plateau. Then, leaving the Lhasa road and taking a westward course, the expedition reached Khamba Dzong. Here, on 6 June, Kellas died suddenly of heart failure and Raeburn became sick and had to return to Sikkim. The party followed the valley of the Arun River to the west and at Shiling were first able to see Everest well enough to begin to gauge its topography. Travelling on through Shekar Dzong they reached Tingri Dzong which became the base for the northern phase of their explorations. By that time, Mallory and Howard-Bury had taken a dislike to each other with Mallory writing that Howard-Bury was "too much the landlord with not only Tory prejudices, but a highly developed sense of hate and contempt for other sorts of people than his own."

Northern reconnaissance

From Tingri, several valleys could be followed south towards Everest and on 23 June Mallory and Bullock started off to the south with sixteen Sherpas and porters. Two days later, at Chobuk they reached the foot of the Rongbuk valley and were then able to see Everest. Ten miles further was the snout of the Rongbuk Glacier near where they pitched base camp at , just beyond the Rongbuk Monastery (Mallory called it "Chöyling"). Only familiar with Alpine glaciers, they had difficulty negotiating  seracs and retired back at  where the West Rongbuk Glacier debouches. Note: the glaciers have lowered and retreated considerably since that time.

Rongbuk Glacier

Taking six days to acclimatise and recuperate they established Camp II at . On 1 July Mallory with five Sherpas went towards the head of the glacier near the North Face of Everest and at  he was able to evaluate the western side of the North Col. There seemed to be no satisfactory way to reach the North Col but above there, and towards the summit, there seemed to be a feasible route. Everest's west ridge also did not seem encouraging from this location so Mallory decided the West Rongbuk glacier should be explored.

West Rongbuk Glacier

The topography to the west is very complex so on 5 July Mallory and Bullock climbed the  Ri Ring to get a better perspective. They were able to examine the upper North Face and the north ridge above the North Col and considered the latter was manageable. However, they formed a wrong impression that a high ridge ran from Everest's North Peak stretching away east to the Arun river. They therefore thought that any approach to the eastern side of the North Col could not be from Rongbuk, never imagining that the glacier on the other side of the North Col would turn back into the main Rongbuk glacier. In fact, where it joins, just above the Rongbuk Monastery, only a small stream is to be seen. Looking more to the west, two routes to Everest looked promising, one over the Lho La at the head of the Rongbuk glacier and one over an unnamed col between Pumori and Lingtren – the hope was that a valley to the south of these cols might provide a good route to the summit. Mallory climbed a peak he called the "Island Peak" (Lingtrennup) from where he attempted to photograph Changtse, Everest and Lhotse, which was just visible. They eventually reached the unnamed col by going west up what is now known as the Pumori Glacier and so by 19 July were able to look down into the Western Cwm and the Khumbu Glacier. They were not able to see the South Col but they thought the Khumbu glacier looked "terribly steep and broken" and anyway the  drop from their col to the glacier was a "hopeless precipice". Any approach through the Western Cwm would therefore have to be from Nepal and by a different expedition.

Camps were struck on 20 July with no route having been selected but there remained the possibility of reaching the North Col from the east. Before heading that way, Mallory and Bullock started to investigate the place where, unknown to them, the East Rongbuk glacier debouches. They had to curtail their exploration here because bad news came that the photographs Mallory had taken were all useless because he had been putting the photographic plates in back to front. Photographs were vital as part of the reconnaissance so for two days Mallory and Bullock raced around retaking as many as possible. On this occasion Mallory re-took his photographs from "Island Peak" and Bullock actually reached the Lho La and was able to photograph the Khumbu Icefall. On 25 July they rejoined Howard-Bury's party at Chobuk.

Morshead and Wheeler's surveys and other work

During this time Morshead and Wheeler had surveyed  of difficult unknown territory producing a map of four miles to an inch (1:250,000) and updating the map of Sikkim. Wheeler made a careful  photographic survey close to Everest itself producing a one-inch (1:63360) map.
Wollaston had collected and identified plants, birds and animals, and Heron had made geological investigations over  and had produced a geological map. Reports of these activities appeared in Howard-Bury's book along with a description of the scientific equipment and cameras that were used. Wheeler, Heron and Howard-Bury reached Nangpa La west of Everest and on the Nepalese border. Morshead and Wollaston crossed the border further west at Lapche, south of Lapche La (Labuche La), and got as far west as Nyenyam. The geographical and geological surveying reached as far north as the Tsangpo river.

Howard-Bury had been exploring to the east to find a location for a future base camp. Unable to cross a tributary of the Arun, he had come to the district of Kharta where no one knew anything about where their local river came from. Since it was glacial, Howard-Bury presumed it came from Everest and so would be a good place for an eastern base camp, if one was to be necessary. Howard-Bury then returned west for further exploration and to organise the removal of the whole expedition to Kharta on 29 July.

Eastern reconnaissance

Kharta valley to Kama valley

Suspecting the river at Kharta flowed from the North Col, Mallory and Bullock set off upstream on 2 August. The next day local inhabitants told them a different river flowed from Chomolungma. So they crossed a  pass to reach the valley of the Kama River which runs parallel but to the south. They were now very close to Makalu which was further south again. Ahead of them to the west they could see Lhotse and Everest as they approached the Kangshung Glacier and the Kangshung Face. Surrounded by three of the highest peaks in the world Mallory wrote of the Kama valley, "For me the most magnificent and sublime mountain scenery can be made lovelier by some more tender touch; and that too is added here". They regarded scaling the Kangshung Face as impossible, with Mallory noting, "Other men, less wise, might attempt this way if they would, but, emphatically, it was not for us."

They realised that they would have to return to the Kharta valley and to achieve this they climbed the  Kartse on 7 August so they could examine the North Col as well as the Kangshung Face. They wondered if the glacier in the valley to the north was the one that came down from the North Col or whether that glacier was further north again. Everest's northeast ridge they judged very difficult. The North Col and the north ridge above it were the only possibility left. They descended Kartse to Kama and returned to the Kharta valley.

Return to Kharta valley
Mallory was taken ill and so it was left to Bullock to head on west to the head of the Kharta glacier on 13 August. However, a runner came back very soon to tell Mallory that Bullock had observed that the glacier ended in a high pass ahead. He would explore further but it was looking as if the glacier from the North Col did not flow east. Bullock returned and Howard-Bury received a letter from Wheeler showing the results of his survey – the glacier flowing down the east side of the North Col turned sharply north and joined the main Rongbuk Glacier. Time was too short to return to Rongbuk, which now seemed clearly the best way to the North Col, so they decided the best thing to do was to prospect a route to the pass Bullock had seen, which they called Lhakpa La ("Windy Gap") to see whether the North Col could be reached in this way. The weather was bad and the glacier was treacherous but eventually they reached the  Lhakpa La on 18 August. Mallory decided the route was feasible and so it was agreed the reconnaissance could be concluded. They returned to base camp for ten days' rest.

North Col

While Mallory and Bullock rested, advance base camp was set up at  and camp II at  on the Kharta glacier, with both camps being left unoccupied. The plan was for camp III on the Lhakpa La, IV on the North Col and one more camp before the summit although, as it turned out, this was to seriously underestimate the difficulties. They had to wait for a month for the monsoon to end and on 31 August all the team tentatively moved to advance base camp with Raeburn, who had unexpectedly returned, able to join them.

They had to stay at advance base camp until 20 September for the weather to improve and then Mallory, Bullock, Morshead and Wheeler set off for and reached Lhakpa La. It was now recognised that the North Col could not be reached without an intermediate camp so they returned to camp II for further supplies so that all the team (except Raeburn) along with twenty-six Sherpas could set off again for camp III. Next morning Mallory, Bullock, Wheeler and three Sherpas went down to the East Rongbuk glacier while the rest of the party turned back. After a very difficult night on the glacier in cold and windy conditions, the following day, 24 September, saw the party reach the North Col although without carrying loads. The terrain on the Col was good for a camp but the wind was extreme and no progress would be possible. They descended to the glacier where Mallory and Bullock calculated that they would not be able to set up a camp on the North Col, nor could they survive a bivouac up there at . Also, the gales were getting worse. On 25 September the party was forced to climb again to the Lhakpa La and on 26 September the entire expedition struck all the upper camps, returned to Kharta, and eventually reached Darjeeling on 25 October without mishap.

Howard-Bury was awarded the 1922 Founder's Medal of the Royal Geographical Society for his leadership of the expedition.

Subsequent events

Before the expedition had left Tibet, the Mount Everest Committee met and decided that a full assault should be made on the mountain in 1922 with General Bruce as leader. The Rongbuk – East Rongbuk – North Col route would be followed but on this occasion oxygen cylinders would be taken for the climbers. The 1921 expedition was regarded as successful by experts as well as the general public with large numbers of people turning up for the official welcome home by the Royal Geographical Society and the Alpine Club at the Queen's Hall in London. Howard-Bury had become a celebrity. Speaking of the future summit attempt in his Queen's Hall address Mallory said he was "very far from a sanguine estimate of success ...  A party or two arriving the top, each so tired that it was beyond helping the other, might provide good copy for the Press but the performance would provoke the censure of reasonable opinion".

Mallory had hoped to give up schoolteaching and to become a mountaineer and writer. When he provided his chapters for Howard-Bury's 1922 book of the expedition it had been on the clear understanding he would be paid. However, in 1923, three months before departing on the 1924 Everest expedition, he had still not received payment. When he pressed the Committee they rescinded their agreement and said he would not be paid but nevertheless they "fully appreciated the value of your contributions". The 1924 expedition was the one from which he would not return, the identity of his remains being discovered in 1999. Bullock's expedition diary was published in 1962.

Notes

Footnotes

Romanisations
Romanization of place names is very variable so this list is merely to relate those used in Howard-Bury's book to alternative romanisation.

References

Citations

Works cited

External links

 Selection of images from RGS exhibition

1921
British Mount Everest reconnaissance expedition, 1921
Expeditions from the United Kingdom


title: Ramón Álvarez

text:
Ramón Álvarez may refer to:

Ramón Álvarez (boxer) (born 1986), Mexican boxer
Ramón Álvarez (wrestler), Dominican wrestler
Ramón Álvarez Valdés (1866–1936), Spanish politician and lawyer
Ramón Álvarez Palomo, Asturian anarcho-syndicalist

See also
Ramón Álvarez de Mon, Spanish sports broadcaster


title: Mike Aremu

text:
Mike Aremu is a Nigerian Afro jazz saxophone player that draw from traditional Nigerian sounds.

Early life
At 8 years old, in Niger State, Nigeria, at his local church he started playing musical instruments. He was a member of the Boys Brigade band. In 1995, with some basic lessons, he concentrated on the saxophone. A year later, he became a member of House on the Rock's music team playing alongside Nigerian gospel artist Sammie Okposo, Agboola Shadare, Gbenga Owoeye-Wise and others. He had a series of appearances at venues in Nigeria including Pintos, The Green Lion, Club Towers, K's Place and Mega Plaza's Dome. He completed session work for Onyeka Onwenu, Nigerian reggae artist Ras Kimono and Fuji music artist Wasiu Ayinde Marshall.

Career
He signed a three-year contract (that lasted for four years) record deal with Kennis Music Label, Nigeria's largest record label during this period and released two chart-topping albums "Dance" (1999) and "No Shaking" (2002) jointly selling more than 1.5 million copies. He has also recorded two songs for the Christian Broadcasting Network in the United States.

Aremu has performed with Kenny G, Hugh Masakela, India Arie, Najee, Kirk Franklin, Israel Houghton, Donnie McClurklin, Marvin Winans, Ron Kenoly, Mary Mary, and Travis Greene. He made an appearance at the John F. Kennedy Center in Washington DC. He has worked with UK-based author, pastor, gospel artist, Abraham Adeshile Great when the latter released the gospel music titled Next Level.

He performed in London at The Barbican and Ocean as part of the annual Awesome Praise concerts. Aremu also performed at the London Festival of Life (FOL) twice, an event that was attended by over 40,000 people at the Excel Centre, London on 28 March 2008 and 18 October 2013.

Aremu performed nine times at the (2006 to 2017) Experience, with the 2010 Experienceattracting a crowd of over 600,000 at the Tafawa Balewa Square, Lagos.

The debut concert of his four-month tour in the United Kingdom at the Jazz Café in October 2008 sold out.
In 2013 Mike Aremu released his current top selling and 3rd Album "Coat of many Colours" recorded in London, off the back of which he toured Europe appearing again at the Jazz Cafe London and the PizzaExpress Jazz Club amongst others.

Sax Appeal
Aremu is the organizer of the largest jazz concert in Nigeria, Sax Appeal. This is geared towards the promotion of live musical performances in Nigeria. This concert, held annually since 2010 with the latest edition that held; November 2014 at Transcorp Hilton Abuja, has been aimed at fostering interaction between sponsoring organizations, businessmen and entrepreneurs in an entertainment environment. Sax Appeal has featured artists like Indie Arie,  Kenny G, Judith Sephuma, Kunle Ayo, Yolanda Brown, Hugh Masakela, Marvin Winans, Mary Mary, Timi Dakolo, Cobhams, Waje, Jessy J, Agboola Shadare, Yinka Davies, Tosin Martins, Bez, Cobhams Asuquo, Waje and others.
This event has brought together entrepreneurs in Nigeria including Donald Duke, Aliko Dangote and Babatunde Fashola.

Awards
Aremu's work has been recognized by the music industry with an African Gospel Music Award, a TOMA Award (Today's Gospel Music Awards) and an AMEN Award for Best Instrumental Album of the Year and Best Gospel Music Video of the Year. He was also nominated twice at the Kora Awards in 2003 and at JCI's TOYP (Ten Outstanding Young People) for best self-developed personality. He won in four categories at the 2014 MEGA Awards (Album of the Year, Best Collaboration, Best Use of Instrument, and best Contemporary/Alternative Album of the Year). He also won the 2014 Crystal Awards for Best use of Instrument and 2013 AGMA Awards in the United Kingdom for Best Afro Jazz/Instrumental.

References

External links

Nigerian saxophonists
Jazz saxophonists
Musicians from Niger State
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
21st-century saxophonists


title: Julius August Christoph Zech

text:
Julius August Christoph Zech (24 February 1821 Stuttgart, Germany − 13 July 1864  Berg) was a German astronomer and mathematician.

In 1849, Zech published a table of logarithms; as a result, Zech logarithms for finite fields are named after him.

In 1863, Zech attended the founding meeting of the Astronomische Gesellschaft (German Astronomical Society) and became its Vorstand (chairman).  Friedrich Wilhelm Argelander assumed this role upon Zech's death..

References

External links
J. Zech biography on mathforum.

19th-century German astronomers
19th-century German mathematicians
1821 births
1864 deaths
Scientists from Stuttgart