title: 2014 MAC men's basketball tournament

text:
The 2014 Mid-American Conference men's basketball tournament was the post-season men's basketball tournament for the Mid-American Conference (MAC) 2013–14 college basketball season. The 2014 tournament was held March 10–15. Top-seeded Western Michigan defeated Toledo in the tournament final.  In the NCAA tournament they lost to Syracuse.

Format
First round games were held on campus sites at the higher seed on March 10. The remaining rounds were held at Quicken Loans Arena, between March 12–15. As with the recent tournaments, the top two seeds received byes into the semifinals, with the three and four seeds receiving a bye to the quarterfinals.

Seeds

Schedule

Bracket

References

2014
Tournament
2014 in sports in Ohio
March 2014 sports events in the United States
Basketball competitions in Cleveland
College basketball tournaments in Ohio
2010s in Cleveland


title: Kojo Laing

text:
B. Kojo Laing or Bernard Kojo Laing (1 July 1946 – 20 April 2017) was a Ghanaian novelist and poet, whose writing is characterised by its hybridity, whereby he uses Ghanaian Pidgin English and vernacular languages alongside standard English. His first two novels in particular – Search Sweet Country (1986) and Woman of the Aeroplanes (1988) – were praised for their linguistic originality, both books including glossaries that feature the author's neologisms as well as Ghanaian words.

Early life and career
Laing was born in Kumasi, capital of Ghana's Ashanti region, the eldest son and fourth of the six children of George Ekyem Ferguson Laing (an Anglican priest who became the first African rector of the Anglican Theological College in Ashanti) and Darling Egan. Baptized as Bernard Ebenezer, he later stopped using his English Christian name, favouring his African identity instead. After some early education in Accra, Laing in 1957 went to continue his primary and secondary schooling in Scotland, attending Bonhill Primary School and the Vale of Leven Academy in Alexandria, Dunbartonshire.

He graduated from Glasgow University in 1968 with a master's degree, before returning to Ghana with his Scottish wife Josephine and their three children.  Joining the civil service, he remained there until 1979. He subsequently worked for five years as an administrative secretary of the Institute of African Studies at the University of Ghana, Legon, and in 1984 became head of Saint Anthony's School in Accra, which had been established by his mother.

Writing
Laing emerged as a poet in the 1970s, with work "occasionally drawing on the techniques of surrealism", but received significant attention only with the appearance his first novel, Search Sweet Country, which was published in 1986 to critical acclaim, and won prizes including the Valco Award and the Ghana Book Award.

Search Sweet Country was reissued by McSweeney's in 2012, with an Introduction by Binyavanga Wainaina. Reviewing it in The Slate Book Review, Uzodinma Iweala writes: "Reading Search Sweet Country is like reading a dream, and indeed at times it feels like the magical landscapes of writers like the Nigerian Ben Okri or the Mozambican Mia Couto. Each page delivers an intense blast of vivid imagery, a world in which landscapes come to life when inanimate objects receive human characterization.... Laing ... is a master stylist, and Search Sweet Country delivers an absorbing, if demanding, world for both its characters and the reader." Publishers Weekly called it an "intricate, beautifully rambling novel ... a compelling and rewarding read", while the reviewer for the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette observed: Search Sweet Country' can be read over and over, continually surprising with a fresh turn of phrase or nuance in character, always engaging, always beautiful. The search is worthwhile."

Laing's second novel, Woman of the Aeroplanes, was published in 1988, and has drawn comparison with the work of Ayi Kwei Armah. Laing published two further novels: Major Gentl and Achimota Wars (1992), which also won a Valco Award in 1993, and Big Bishop Roko and the Altar Gangsters (2006).

His poetry collection, Godhorse was published in 1989. Laing also wrote short stories, one of which – "Vacancy for the Post of Jesus Christ" – was included in The Heinemann Book of Contemporary African Stories (1992; edited by Chinua Achebe and C. L. Innes), and has been described as "a wonderful, surreal piece of allegorical science fantasy".

Later years

Laing lived in Accra and, from 2005, devoted himself full-time to writing.

He died in Ghana aged 70 on 20 April 2017, survived by his first wife and nine children and his second wife and three children. Tributes in The Johannesburg Review of Books noted that Laing was "painfully underappreciated in his lifetime" and called him "one of the unsung heroes of African fiction".

Awards
 1976: National Poetry Prize Valco Award
 1985: National Novel Prize, Ghana Association of Writers
 1993: Valco Award

Bibliography
 Search Sweet Country (novel), Heinemann, 1986; 2011, . With an Introduction by Binyavanga Wainaina, McSweeney's Publishing, 2012, .
 Woman of the Aeroplanes (novel), Heinemann, 1988; reissued 2011, with an Introduction by Ellah Allfrey,
 Godhorse (poetry), Heinemann African Writers Series, 1989.
 Major Gentl and Achimota Wars (novel), Heinemann African Writers Series, 1992.
 Big Bishop Roko and the Altar Gangsters (novel), Woeli Publishing Services, 2006.

Further reading
 Brenda Cooper, Magical Reading in West African Fiction: Seeing with a Third Eye, London: Routledge, 1998.
 Pietro Deandrea, " 'New worlds, new wholes': Kojo Laing's Narrative Quest for a Social Renewal", African Literature Today no. 20, 1996, pp. 158-178.
 Pietro Deandrea, " 'History never walks here, it runs in any direction': Carnival and Magic in the Novels of Kojo Laing and Mia Couto", in E. Linguanti, F.M. Casotti and C. Concilio (eds), Coterminous Worlds: Magical Realism and Contemporary Post-colonial Literature in English, Amsterdam/New York: Rodopi, 1999, pp. 209-225, isbn 9042004487.
 Pietro Deandrea, Fertile Crossings: Metamorphoses of Genre in Anglophone West African Literature, Amsterdam/New York: Rodopi, 2002, pp. 71-79 and 92-108, isbn 9789042014787.
 Arlene A. Elder, Myth, Humor and History in the Fiction of Ben Okri, B. Kojo Laing and Yvonne Vera, Boydell & Brewer, 2009.
 Hankinson, Joseph (2023). Kojo Laing, Robert Browning and Affiliative Literature. doi:10.1007/978-3-031-18776-6. ISBN 978-3-031-18775-9. S2CID 254625651.
 Moussa Issifou, "Beyond the Language Debate in Postcolonial Literature: Linguistic Hybridity in Kojo B. Laing's Woman of the Aeroplanes", The Journal of Pan African Studies, vol. 6, no. 5, October 2013, pp. 46–62.
 M. E. Kropp Dakubu, "Representations and Transformations in the Fiction of Kojo Laing: The 'Language of Authentic Being' Revisited", Connotations, Vol. 8.3 (1998/99): 357–61.
 Francis Ngaboh-Smart, Beyond Empire and Nation. Postnational Arguments in the Fiction of Nuruddin Farah and B. Kojo Laing. Amsterdam/New York, NY, 2004, XXI, 168 pp.
 Francis Ngaboh-Smart, "Science and the Re-representation of African Identity in Major Gentl and the Achimota Wars", Connotations 7.1 (1997/98): 57–79.
 Mary Rohrberger, "Woman of the Aeroplanes", in Frank N. Magill (ed.), Magill's Literary Annual 1991, Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Salem Press, 1991, 2:914–18.

References

External links
 Adewale Maja-Pearce, "Interview with Kojo Laing", in Wasafiri, Vol. 3, Issue 6 & 7, Spring 1987, pp. 27–29.
 "More Hope More Dust" – poem by Kojo Laing. Poetry Foundation.
 Otosirieze Obi-Young, "Is He African Literature’s Greatest Linguistic Innovator?", Brittle Paper, 10 May 2017.

1946 births
2017 deaths
20th-century Ghanaian poets
20th-century male writers
20th-century novelists
21st-century male writers
21st-century novelists
Alumni of the University of Glasgow
Ghanaian male poets
Ghanaian novelists
Ghanaian short story writers
People from Kumasi


title: A Brony Tale

text:
A Brony Tale (originally titled Brony) is a 2014 Canadian-American documentary film directed by Brent Hodge. The film explores the brony phenomenon, the adult fan base of the children's animated show My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic that arose shortly after its premiere in 2010. The film is structured around the journey of Ashleigh Ball, one of the principal voice actresses for the show, including her initial reactions to learning of this older fanbase, and her travel as a Guest of Honor to one of the first fan conventions BronyCon held in New York City in 2012. Hodge, a close friend of and previous collaborator with Ball, was curious as she was as to this phenomenon and opted to film her travel and appearance at the convention for the documentary.

Hodge's film gained interest of film producer and publisher Morgan Spurlock who helped to promote wider distribution of the documentary. Initially slated to be shown for Vancouver-area film festivals, the film was highlighted at the 2014 Tribeca Film Festival in New York City, and received critical praise. The film received a wider theater release starting in July 2014, and is currently available on DVD, Blu-ray, Digital Download and On Demand. The film's Blu-ray was sold for the first time at the 2014 New York Comic Con.

The film also screened in 290 theaters across Mexico in late 2014.

Synopsis
Ashleigh Ball, one of the lead voice actresses in Hasbro's My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic, begins to notice that she is receiving fan mail for her work on the show, but is perplexed over the fact that most of it is coming from teenagers and adults. These fans, who call themselves "bronies" and are mostly male, take the show's themes and messages of personal responsibility and friendship to heart. Ball accepts an invitation to attend the Winter 2012 BronyCon, a then-semiannual fan convention held in New York City, as a guest of honor and takes the opportunity to meet the fans.

Footage of Ball's interviews and travels is intercut with segments focusing on different fans of the show, including: a burly motorcycle mechanic and former college football player, a United States Army veteran who suffers from post-traumatic stress disorder, the producer of an Internet radio network, and a husband-and-wife team of psychologists who became interested in the show after learning about it from their son. Andrea Libman and Nicole Oliver, two other members of the voice cast, make brief appearances. The film also includes footage and interviews from the Canterlot Gardens fan convention held during mid-2012 near Cleveland, as well as footage from live performances of Ball's band, Hey Ocean!

Production
While focusing on Ball's trip to BronyCon, the film also briefly features fellow My Little Pony voice cast members Nicole Oliver and Andrea Libman.

Director Brent Hodge said that he funded the film himself, and felt it was easy to film as he personally knew Ashleigh Ball. He decided to film as a "fly on the wall" at the meetups so as to not interfere with the goings on and to see the brony world as it really is. During a panel at BronyCon 2013, Hodge went into detail on the film, and showed a trailer to the audience, and revealed that the idea had come about when Ball was asked to do the convention.

In an interview with Everfree News, Hodge went into detail on the film, explaining that it was an outsider view on the brony community that had evolved from simply a documentary on Ball and her voice career.

Promotion and release
The film was originally planned to be part of the local Vancouver DOXA Documentary Film Festival on May 11, 2014, where it was selected to close out the show. To Hodge's surprise, the film was selected as one of five special documentary screenings for the 2014 Tribeca Film Festival and was named one of the top 10 movies to see at Tribeca by Indiewire. The film premiere screening at Tribeca was sold out within hours, and its screening there has brought more attention to the film, according to Hodge.

The film was picked up in April 2014 by an independent film distribution company, Morgan Spurlock Presents, a collaboration between Spurlock's Warrior Poets, Virgil Films, and Abramorama. A Brony Tale is the first film distributed under this label.

Along with the Tribeca premiere and prior to the selected theatrical release, the film had film festival screenings in Vancouver, British Columbia, Seattle, Washington, Wellington, New Zealand, Auckland, New Zealand, and has screenings scheduled in Mexico City, Mexico, Monterrey, Mexico and Guadalajara, Mexico via the brony convention FluttyCon 2014 and The Brony Chef.

The film was released on July 8, 2014 in at least twenty different theater markets within North America and was released for home media via Video-On-Demand and DVD/Blu-ray and cable.

Reception

The film has received positive reviews. It currently holds an 80% score with an average rating of 6.7/10 based on reviews from 9 critics on aggregator site Rotten Tomatoes. Christopher Campbell of Movies.com praised Brent Hodge's directing, noting how Hodge "situates the phenomenon inside an identifiable world rather than setting it aside like it's some kind of otherness." Campbell went on to say in his review, "They're compared to the jazz crowd of the 1920s and to the Beatniks and, most assuredly, to the hippies . . . Hodge comes closer to making those of us who can't possibly get it at least start to comprehend what is really going on here and why. If we all joined them in not necessarily watching and playing with and dressing up as My Little Pony but at least in following its message and influence, then the planet would be a much better place."

John Lucas of Straight.com said, "Brent Hodge's documentary about fans of My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic suggests that there is no such thing as a typical "brony"; the subjects here include a sensitive Iraq War veteran and a burly motorcycle mechanic...A connecting thread is provided by Vancouver-based voice actor Ashleigh Ball... by the end Ball is touched by the realization that she's an integral part of something much larger than a kiddie show."

Marina Antunes of Row Three called the film "the best documentary I've seen on the subject", and went on to applaud the film, saying that the film "has the advantage of a filmmaker who understands storytelling and Hodge does an excellent job not only of capturing the energy and passion of the fans but packaging that up in a documentary that is both entertaining and informative."

IGN gave the film a score of 9.1, praising the portrayal of the fandom, interviews, the scientific study of bronies, and subject of gender roles. However, criticism was voiced regarding the lack of staff from the show, and the story about a military brony having no conclusion.

Awards
The film was screened as an "Official Selection" at the 2014 Tribeca Film Festival, the 2014 New Zealand Documentary Edge Festival, the 2014 Seattle International Film Festival, the 2014 DOXA Documentary Festival, the 2014 SouthSide Film Festival and the 2014 Las Vegas Film Festival.

The film won "Best Documentary" at the Las Vegas Film Festival and has been nominated for 4 Leo Awards, at the 2015 Leo Awards, in "Best Documentary Feature", "Best Direction in a Documentary Feature", "Best Sound in a Documentary Feature" and "Best Music in a Documentary Feature". The film won the 2015 Leo Award for "Best Sound in a Documentary Feature".

See also
 Bronies: The Extremely Unexpected Adult Fans of My Little Pony, a 2012 documentary film
 Hey Ocean!
 My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic

References

External links

My Little Pony fandom
My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic
2014 films
2014 documentary films
Canadian documentary films
American documentary films
New Zealand documentary films
Documentary films about fandom
Canadian independent films
Films directed by Brent Hodge
American independent films
New Zealand independent films
2014 independent films
2010s English-language films
2010s American films
2010s Canadian films


title: Dimitar Drazhev

text:
Dimitar Drazhev (; 15 September 1924 – 16 February 2014) was a Bulgarian alpine skier. He has competed at the 1948 Winter Olympics and the 1952 Winter Olympics. He was one of the alpine ski sport pioneers in Bulgaria. He became chairman of the Bulgarian Ski Federation in 1946 and after completing his higher education in Moscow was reelected as chairman from 1956 to 1962. He later served as committee member representing Bulgaria in the International Ski Federation and dean of the ski faculty at the National Sports Academy "Vassil Levski". He is the father of alpine skier Vladimir Drazhev and the grandfather of the figure skater Hristina Vassileva.

References

Olympic alpine skiers for Bulgaria
Bulgarian male alpine skiers
Alpine skiers at the 1948 Winter Olympics
Alpine skiers at the 1952 Winter Olympics
1924 births
2014 deaths
People from Samokov
Sportspeople from Sofia Province


title: Randia nicaraguensis

text:
Randia nicaraguensis is a plant species endemic to Nicaragua. It occurs in tropical drought-deciduous forests at elevations below 850 m.

Randia nicaraguensis is a dioecious, deciduous shrub or small tree up to 3 m tall, with a spiny trunk, spiny twigs and exfoliating bark. Leaves are thick and leathery, obovate to lanceolate with winged rachis, the blade up to 10 cm long. Flowers are produced in the tips of branches. Flowers are trumpet-shaped, white or yellow with a green center, up to 15 mm long. Fruits are hard, spherical, up to 70 mm in diameter.

References

Flora of Nicaragua
nicaraguensis


title: Schneider ESG 31 Schlesierland

text:
The Schneider ESG 31 Schlesierland () was a representative of a group of German,  span, one-off gliders, built by Schneider in Grunau from 1929 to at least 1931.

Design and development
In 1928 or 1929, Edmund Schneider wanted a glider that could compete with the 1928 RRG Professor.  It needed to be easy to build, safe to fly and capable of tow launching.  The Professor had a span of  and Schneider's ESG 31, as it is often known, was only just smaller at .  The two types had much in common, though Schneider's design was original, with a different airfoil, struttage and a simplified structure. The name has sometimes led to confusion, for Schneider's notation, ESG+(last two year digits), meant that separate types that appeared in the same year would have the same designation; the 16 m ESG 31 and the smaller and very different,  span ESG31 Baby were one such pair.  There was also no EGS 31 production line; each example was custom built, incorporating improvements progressively.  Each was known by  a name given to it by its owner, often that of a sponsor using it as an advertisement.  Neither the date nor name of the first example is known for sure, though the Wiesenberg seems to date from 1929 or 1930 (ESG 29 or 30). However, Schneider's catalogue of 1931 describes later developments like the ESG 31A and ESG 31B as improved EGS 31 Schlesierland single seater types.  This is also the type name used by the Segelflyg Museum at Falköping which currently holds the only surviving example, the ESG 31 Läkerolplanet delivered in 1933.

The  Schlesierland's wing is held above the fuselage on a pedestal and braced by a single lift strut on each side from the lower fuselage longeron to about one quarter chord.  The wing is built around a single spar and plywood covered ahead of it around the leading edge, with fabric covering behind.  The central third of the span is a rectangular panel, within which a diagonal sub spar runs rearwards from the main spar, with additional ply covering ahead of it.  Originally there were no control surfaces on this inner panel, though in 1941 airbrakes were added across the junction between inner and outer panels, mounted behind the main spar.  The outer panels taper strongly with sweep on both edges, ending in elliptical tips; the broad ailerons, which occupy about half the span and, at their inboard ends, about half the chord, are also tapered though less strongly than the wing.

All the Schlesierland variants had a ply covered fuselage; most were hexagonal in cross-section, though that of the 1931 ESG 31B had a rounded, streamlined form. Early Schlesierlands had open cockpits and landed on a skid that reached from the nose to the lift strut attachment point but the 1931 Stanavo introduced a monowheel aft of the skid. At some point it was fitted with a multi-transparency cockpit canopy. The wing pedestal slowly deceases in height rearwards above the fuselage, ending about halfway to the tail. The narrow, swept tailplane is mounted on top of the fuselage; on the later 1931 variants, the ESG 31A and B, the tailplane was braced to the top of the fin. On all models except possibly the Commodore, this was ply covered and only about a third the height of the balanced rudder. Both rudder and elevators are fabric covered with rounded trailing edges; the rudder extends down to the keel and operated between the elevators.  There is a small, partly faired sprung tailskid immediately ahead of the rudder hinge line.

Operational history
Two Weisebaudes were probably operated by the same club.  The Frankenstein, which Hirth flew at the 1932 Rhön competition, was used by a police gliding club in Frankenstein, Silesia, now Ząbkowice Śląskie.  The Stanavo was sponsored by the German division of Standard Oil, possibly for their European representative, Jack O'Meara. Läkerolplanet operated in Sweden for many years from 1933.  On 12 August 1933, piloted by Edmund Sparmann, it made the first glider crossing of the Öresund whilst flying the  between Copenhagen and Malmö. The flight was sponsored by the firm Läkerol. It belonged to S F K Chalmers and Göteborg Aero Club.

Variants
Wiesenbaude Two early examples, probably from 1929 and designated ESG 29 or ESG 30.
ESG 31 Schlesierland As Weisenbaude. The next ESG 31, the Stanavo, had a landing wheel. Its cockpit, initially open, was later enclosed.
ESG 31A Revised tail with braced tailplane.
ESG 31B As ESG 31A but with a new, streamlined fuselage.
Commodore Same span, wing plan and airfoil section but new, straight edged tail unit adding  to length.

Aircraft on display
 Ållebergs Segelflyg Museet, Falköping: ESG 31A Läkerolplanet, the only survivor.

Specifications (ESG 31A)

See also

References

1920s German sailplanes
Aircraft first flown in 1929
Edmund Schneider aircraft


title: VA-93 (U.S. Navy)

text:
VA-93 was an Attack Squadron of the U.S. Navy. It was established as Fighter Squadron VF-93 on 26 March 1952, and redesignated as VA-93 on 15 September 1956. It was disestablished 30 years later on 31 August 1986. The squadron's nickname was the Blue Blazers from 1954 to 1976 and the Ravens thereafter.

History
 May 1963: Following the military losses of the Lao neutralist to the Pathet Lao in the Plaine de Jarres, Laos,  transited to the South China Sea to support possible operations in Laos.
 15 Oct 1963: The squadron established a Detachment Q for deployment aboard the anti-submarine carrier  to provide daylight fighter protection for the ASW aircraft. The detachment flew A-4B Skyhawks.
 7 Feb 1965: Following a Viet Cong attack against the American advisors compound at Pleiku, South Vietnam, a reprisal strike, named Operation Flaming Dart, was ordered by President Johnson. VA-93 participated in this strike, but upon reaching the target, the military barracks at Vit Thu Lu, the mission was aborted due to the weather.
 11 Feb 1965: Participated in Operation Flaming Dart II, retaliatory strikes against the military barracks at Chanh Hoa, North Vietnam.
 15 Mar 1965: Participated in Operation Rolling Thunder strikes against ammunition storage area in Phu Qui, North Vietnam.
 May–Oct 1972: Participated in Operation Linebacker, heavy air strikes against targets in North Vietnam to reduce that country’s ability to continue the war effort in South Vietnam.
 Apr 1975: Participated in Operation Frequent Wind, the evacuation of American personnel from Saigon, South Vietnam as the country fell to the communists.
 Aug–Sep 1976: Operated near the Korea Peninsula following the Axe murder incident.
 Nov–Dec 1979: In response to the seizure of the American Embassy and its staff, and the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan,  operated in the Arabian Sea.
 May–Jun 1980: Following the Kwangju Massacre in South Korea, Midway operated off the coast of South Korea until the crisis had subsided.
 Dec 1981: Following unrest in Korea, Midway operated off the coast of South Korea for several days.

Home port assignments
The squadron was assigned to these home ports, effective on the dates shown:
NAS Alameda – 26 Mar 1952
NAS Lemoore – 08 Mar 1962
NS Yokosuka (NAF Atsugi & NAF Misawa) 05 Oct 1973*
NAS Lemoore 16 Apr 1986
* VA-93, along with CVW-5 and USS Midway (CVA-41), were part of a program to permanently assign a carrier and air wing to an overseas home port. Midways new home port was NS Yokosuka, Japan, and the squadron would normally operate out of NAF Atsugi or NAF Misawa when the carrier was at NS Yokosuka. The assignment was effective 30 June 1973. However, the squadron did not arrive until 5 October 1973.

Aircraft assignment
The squadron first received the following aircraft on the dates shown:
FG-1D Corsair – May 1952
F9F-2 Panther –  May 1952
F9F-5 Panther – Sep 1953
F9F-8 Cougar – Jan 1955
A4D-1 Skyhawk – 26 Nov 1956
A4D-2 Skyhawk – 25 May 1958
A4D-2N Skyhawk – 01 Sep 1960
A-4B Skyhawk – 15 Oct 1963
A-4E Skyhawk – Sep 1966
A-4F Skyhawk – Sep 1967
A-7B Corsair II – 20 Apr 1969
A-7A Corsair II – Mar 1973
A-7E Corsair II – Apr 1977

See also
 Attack aircraft
 List of inactive United States Navy aircraft squadrons
 History of the United States Navy

References

Attack squadrons of the United States Navy
Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the Dictionary of American Naval Aviation Squadrons


title: Gert Ligterink

text:
Gert Ligterink (born 17 November 1949 in Oldekerk) is a Dutch chess player. He was awarded the International Master title in 1977 and won the Dutch Chess Championship in 1979. He played for the Netherlands in the Chess Olympiads of 1976 (individual bronze medal), 1978, 1980 and 1982 and in the European Team Chess Championship of 1983 (individual silver medal).

Ligterink wrote the chess column for Tata Steel Chess from 2003 to 2011.

References

External links

Gert Ligterink – Articles – New In Chess

1949 births
Living people
Dutch chess players
Chess International Masters
Chess Olympiad competitors
People from Grootegast
Sportspeople from Groningen (province)
20th-century Dutch people


title: Rock Painting

text:
Rock Painting (Finnish title Värikallio) was the first album of the Finnish composer Osmo Tapio Räihälä, released in 2006. The music on the album is performed by the Uusinta Chamber Ensemble. The album consists of seven works, written between 1997 and 2004.

Track listing

Personnel
Osmo Tapio Räihälä – composer, producer (all tracks)
Eva Ollikainen – conductor (7)
Lauri Toivio – flute (2, 7)
Riikka Talvitie – oboe (2)
Anni Haapaniemi – oboe (7)
Kimmo Leppälä – clarinet (2)
Marko Portin – clarinet (7)
Janne Pulkkinen – bassoon (7)
Reeta Rossi – French horn (7)
Emil Holmström – piano (5, 7)
Reeta Maalismaa – violin (1, 3)
Maria Puusaari – violin (1-3, 5-7)
Mirka Malmi – violin (7)
Max Savikangas – viola (3, 7)
Markus Hohti – violoncello (3-4, 7)
Henrika Fagerlund – double bass (7)

Notes
The solos on the track Rock Painting are improvised by Lauri Toivio (flute), Max Savikangas (viola) and Marko Portin (clarinet).

References

2006 albums
Osmo Tapio Räihälä albums
Uusinta Ensemble albums
Instrumental albums


title: Table tennis at the 2015 European Games – Qualification

text:
A total of 128 qualifying places are available for table tennis at the 2015 European Games, 64 players per gender.

Qualification summary

Qualification timeline

Qualification progress

Singles
Limited to two athletes per nation.

Teams
A team consists of three players. Two of the players compete in the singles event.

References

Qualification
European Games
Qualification for the 2015 European Games


title: Eupoecilia amphimnesta

text:
Eupoecilia amphimnesta is a species of moth of the  family Tortricidae. It is found in China (Anhui, Beijing, Chongqing, Hainan, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Jiangxi, Liaoning, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, Tianjin, Xinjiang, Yunnan, Zhejiang), Taiwan, India, Japan, Korea, Mongolia, Russia and Europe.

References

Moths described in 1928
Eupoecilia


title: Nicolas-Antoine Taunay

text:
Nicolas-Antoine Taunay (10 February 1755 – 20 March 1830) was a French painter known best for his landscapes with scenes from ancient and modern history, mythology, and religion.

Early years
Nicolas Antoine Taunay was born in Paris, France, in 1755. His father was an enamel painter.

Taunay entered the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris at the age of fifteen and became a pupil of Nicolas-Bernard Lepicié. He later studied in the studios of Nicolas-Guy Brenet and Francesco Giuseppe Casanova. He specialized in painting landscapes. Taunay first exhibited his work at the Jeunesse and Salon de la Correspondance. In 1784 he was admitted as an assistant at the Royal Academy of Painting and Sculpture. He was now able to exhibit at official shows.
Taunay obtained a three-year scholarship to study at the French Academy in Rome in the Palazzo Mancini. While in Italy he met the artist Jacques-Louis David.

After returning to France in 1787 Taunay exhibited in the Paris Salon.
He married Josephine Rondel (1768–1844) soon after his return. They had six children, one of them being the also painter Félix Taunay, the father of French-Brazilian author Alfredo d'Escragnolle Taunay. He lived with his family in Montmorency, Val-d'Oise, during the Reign of Terror (1793–1794). He returned to Paris in 1796 and joined the newly formed Institut de France. In 1805 he painted scenes of Napoleon's campaigns in Germany. In 1806 he started contributing work to the Manufacture de Sévres. The Empress Josephine commissioned many paintings of battle scenes from him.

Brazil

After the fall of Napoleon Taunay moved to Brazil as a member of the Missão Artística Francesa (French Artistic Mission), funded by King John VI of Portugal. The Missão Artística Francesa was organized by Joachim Lebreton. He had brought a group of artists to Brazil, arriving in Rio de Janeiro on 25 March 1816. These included the painter Jean-Baptiste Debret, Nicolas's brother the sculptor Auguste Marie Taunay, the engraver Charles-Simon Pradier and the architect Auguste-Henri-Victor Grandjean de Montigny. They were to form the nucleus of a royal art academy in Brazil.

Nicolas-Antoine Taunay became a member of the Royal School of Sciences, Arts and Trades, later to become the Imperial Academy of Beaux-Arts, as professor of landscape painting.

The arrival of the French group caused some controversy among the local Portuguese intelligentsia, who were concerned at the excessive influence being given to the French in developing the cultural life of Brazil. In turn, the French were unhappy with political appointments such as the appointment of Henrique José da Silva as head of the school in place of Lebreton, who had died in 1819. For this reason, Nicolas-Antoine Taunay returned to France in 1821, holding the title of Baron of Taunay, granted by the Portuguese king.

Nicolas-Antoine Taunay died in 1830. During his lifetime he was considered one of the greatest of the painters of the First French Empire.
After his death he was soon forgotten, although his work went through a revival in popularity in the 1870s organized by the Goncourt brothers.

Works
Although his main interest was historical landscape painting, Nicolas-Antoine Taunay was also a skilled painter of portraits and battle scenes.
His style reflects Dutch and classical French influences.

References
Citations

Sources

"Funérailles de M. Taunay", Journal des artistes: annonce et compte rendu des ouvrages de peinture, sculpture, architecture, gravure, lithographie, poésie, musique et art dramatique, Paris: Société libre des beaux-arts, 4 April 1830, pp. 464–465.

1755 births
1830 deaths
18th-century French painters
19th-century French painters
Painters from Paris
Landscape artists


title: Helmut Niedermeyer

text:
Helmut Niedermeyer (28 February 1926 – 3 February 2014) was an Austrian businessman and entrepreneur. He founded Niedermeyer, which was once the largest consumer electronics chain in Austria.

Biography

Niedermeyer was born in Opava in what is now the Czech Republic. His mother died shortly after his birth. His father, a successful cafe owner, was a political prisoner for seven years in a Nazi concentration camp. Helmut Niedermeyer was interned (a "war-volunteer") by the Soviets for five years and survived captivity in part thanks to being able to act in theater. After the war, the family moved to Vienna.

He began his career as a salesman in 1949. In 1957 he founded the company Niedermeyer AG as X-ray, photo and film products business. The company and its branches grew, and in the 1980s and 1990s became Niedermeyer-Konzem through various acquisitions. Niedermeyer retired from the board of the company in 1997. Two years later, it was sold to T-Mobile and changed ownership several times. It went bankrupt in 2013.
He died on 3 February 2014 of a heart attack in Tenerife, Spain. He is survived by his daughter, Angelika, and a son, Christian.

References

Austrian businesspeople
1926 births
2014 deaths


title: Avila (duo)

text:
Avila is a duo made up of the singer-songwriter Brie Stoner of Grand Rapids, Michigan, and Daniel Johnson of Detroit. In November 2012, they released a three-song EP titled Curtains which included their cover version of "My Favorite Things" (from The Sound of Music), which was soon picked for use in a commercial by the Victoria's Secret lingerie company.

Their cover version of "All Shook Up" was used in a commercial for Trojan Lubricants.

References

External links
Official website

American musical duos
Musicians from Michigan
Rock music duos


title: Eugenia oblongifolia

text:
Eugenia oblongifolia can refer to:

 Eugenia oblongifolia (O.Berg) Arechav., a synonym of Eugenia uniflora
 Eugenia oblongifolia Duthie, a synonym of Syzygium maingayi
 Eugenia oblongifolia (Sagot) Nied. ex T. Durand & B.D. Jacks., a synonym of Calycorectes grandifolius


title: Amakasu clan

text:
The Amakasu clan  ( , Amakasu-shi) was a minor Japanese clan of the Sengoku period. Originally from Echigo Province, they were led to oblige the powerful Nagao clan and later the Uesugi clan. In the 16th century Amakasu Kagemochi was forced to fight for Uesugi Kenshin. After his death in 1578, descendants of Kagemochi continued to serve the Uesugi during the Edo period.
Under the orders of Uesugi Kenshin, Uesugi samurai officer, Amakasu Kagetsugu, became the head of the Amakasu clan

Japanese clans


title: Eupoecilia citrinana

text:
Eupoecilia citrinana is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in China (Beijing, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hunan, Jilin, Shaanxi, Tianjin), Japan, Korea and Russia.

The wingspan is 13–17 mm.

References

Moths described in 1960
Eupoecilia


title: Alison Pipitone

text:
Alison Pipitone is an American rock 'n' roll singer, songwriter, guitarist. She has released a total of nine albums, both as a solo artist and with the Alison Pipitone Band, the most recent being 2013's "Big Wide World" on Slice Records.

Her music is characterized as a rollicking hybrid of alt-rock and boogie blues with forays into classic country and American folk.

Early life

Inspired by artists including The Clash, Etta James, the Pretenders, and Dolly Parton, Pipitone began playing guitar at the age of 18. With divorced parents living on opposite sides of the country, she split her teen years between Hamburg, New York (just south of Buffalo) and San Diego, Cailf.

Career
Pipitone was inducted into the Buffalo Music Hall of Fame in 2017.

Pipitone's professional career began in Los Angeles in the late 1980s, playing rhythm guitar in the band The Monas with her sister Natalie Howes on vocals and keys; brother Damon, on drums and sister Gabrielle Hangen on bass. Gabrielle left the band a short time later and Aaron Britt took over as the bass player. When the grunge movement took hold in the early 1990s, Pipitone returned to Western New York and launched a career as a solo artist. In 1995, she released her debut recording, Life in the First Person.

In reviewing the album for the North County Times, writer Jim Trageser noted "Pipitone's music is what gives her lyrics their power. Hard-edged and contemporary, her music is along the lines of Sheryl Crow or Joan Osborne. Like Crow, Pipitone's rough, nasal vocals are half-sung, half-spoken. And she also plays some mean guitar."

Pipitone continued to hone her craft over the next decade with five more solo albums. In 1997, Pipitone wrote and performed the song Dynamite for the soundtrack to the motion picture All Over Me.
In 2006, The Alison Pipitone Band made its debut with the album Tiger Babies. The band followed up with 2009's "Me and Miss Grimes" and 2013's "Big Wide World." In reviewing Big Wide World, Art Voice critic Geoff Kelly said the album shows that Pipitone "knows how to write a hook like nobody's business."

A fixture on the Buffalo music scene for nearly two decades, Pipitone has earned the Buffalo Music Award for Top Original Female Vocalist nine times and The Alison Pipitone Band earned the Top Original Rock Band Award in 2005 and 2009.
Pipitone has earned a reputation as the "high priestess" of the Buffalo rock scene through her live performances and lengthy discography.
In addition to touring the United States, Pipitone has appeared on the bill of various music festivals, including North by Northeast in Toronto, the Crossroads Music Conference in Cleveland and The Great Blue Heron Music Festival in Sherman, New York
She has served as a support act for performers including Barenaked Ladies, Joan Jett and the Blackhearts and Lilith Fair.

Discography

With The Alison Pipitone Band

 Big Wide World (2013)
 Me and Miss Grimes (2009)
 Tiger Babies (2006)

As a solo artist

 Retrodyne (2004)
 I'll Ask Her (2002)
 Shake It Around (2000)
 Like Being Born (1998)
 Down To Money (1997)
 Life in the First Person (1995)

Music videos

 Roller Derby Queen (2010)
 When Down Tumbling Down (2012)
 Helpless (2014)

References

External links

 Official web site: http://alisonpipitone.com/
 YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/user/pipitoneband

1965 births
Living people
American women singer-songwriters
American women rock singers
American women guitarists
American rock songwriters
Guitarists from New York (state)
Guitarists from California
21st-century American women
Singer-songwriters from California
Singer-songwriters from New York (state)


title: Shlomi Ben Hemo

text:
Shlomi Ben Hemo (; born 5 December 1978) is an Israeli footballer.

References

External links

1978 births
Living people
Israeli men's footballers
Hapoel Rishon LeZion F.C. players
Hapoel Ashkelon F.C. players
Hapoel Petah Tikva F.C. players
Sektzia Ness Ziona F.C. players
Hapoel Kfar Saba F.C. players
Hapoel Be'er Sheva F.C. players
Hapoel Azor F.C. players
Liga Leumit players
Israeli Premier League players
Footballers from Rishon LeZion
Israeli people of Moroccan-Jewish descent
Men's association football goalkeepers


title: Sivani

text:
Sivani (also known as Sivani Panchayath) is a village in Chhapara Tehsil in Seoni District of Madhya Pradesh State, India. It belongs to Jabalpur Division. It is located 40 km to the north of District headquarters Seoni. 278 km from State capital Bhopal

Sivani is surrounded by Lakhnadon Tehsil towards the North, Dhanaura Tehsil towards the East, Seoni Tehsil towards the South, and Keolari Tehsil towards the East.

Cities near Sivani include Seoni, Nainpur, Chhindwara, and Wara Seoni..

Demographics of Sivani
The local language of Sivani is Hindi.

Transport links

Rail
There is no railway station closer than 1000 km to Sivani. However, Jabalpur Railway Station is a major railway station 187 km away.

Pincodes near Sivani
480884 (Chhapara), 480886 (Lakhnadon), 480887 (Adegaon)

Jungle Book
The story of Jungle Book happens in Seoni jungle.

Colleges near Sivani
Govt. Art And Commerce College, Keolari
Address : Keolari-ugli Road, keolari
Gwlior Institute Of Technology And Science
Address : Kedarpur; Shivpuri Link Rd; Lashkar; Gwalior

Schools near Sivani
Up Gms Kondra
Address : kondra, chhapara, seoni, Madhya Pradesh. PIN- 480884, Post - Chhapara
Up Gms Danimeta
Address : danimeta, chhapara, seoni, Madhya Pradesh. PIN- 480884, Post - Chhapara
Up Gms Kareli
Address : kareli, chhapara, seoni, Madhya Pradesh. PIN- 480885
Up Gms Bakshi
Address : bakshi, chhapara, seoni, Madhya Pradesh. PIN- 480887, Post - Adegaon

References

Villages in Seoni district


title: ÖBL Finals MVP

text:
The Österreichische Basketball Bundesliga (ÖBL) Finals MVP is the award, given to the best player in the ÖBL Finals, the finals of the highest professional basketball league in Austria. The award was handed out for the first time in 2006.

Winners

References

Finals Mvp
European basketball awards
Basketball most valuable player awards


title: David Noggle

text:
David Noggle (October 9, 1809July 18, 1878) was an American politician, lawyer, and jurist.  He was chief justice of the   from 1869 to 1874, appointed by President Ulysses S. Grant.  Earlier, he served as a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly and a Wisconsin circuit court judge.

Early life and career

Born in Franklin County, Pennsylvania, he moved with his family to Greenfield, Ohio, at age 16, where he worked on a farm with his father.  Despite having little education in Ohio, attending school only a few weeks a year, he expressed interest in becoming a lawyer.  At age 19, he left Ohio to seek employment and worked four years at a factory in Madison, New York.  He returned to Ohio in 1833 and, finding his father deeply in debt, purchased his farm in partnership with his brother.  Together they restored the farm to prosperity and improved the land with a water-powered mill.

He married Anne M. Lewis, of Milan, Ohio, in 1834, and together they traveled to Winnebago County, Illinois, in 1836, where they purchased government land and started a farmstead.  Noggle was still intent on entering the legal profession and spent much of his free time studying legal texts; an anecdote references that he carried a book of the works of William Blackstone to read while tending his fields.  In 1838, he was examined by the Supreme Court of Illinois and admitted to the Illinois State Bar Association, having never spent a day in a law office or law school.

In 1839, Noggle sold his farm in Illinois and moved across the border into the Wisconsin Territory.  He settled at Beloit and started a law practice.  His practice flourished, doing business in Rock, Walworth, Jefferson, and Green counties in the Wisconsin Territory, as well as Winnebago and Boone counties in Illinois.

Political career
His legal work brought him local prominence.  He was elected postmaster of Beloit from 1840 through 1845.  In 1846, he was a delegate for Rock County to Wisconsin's first constitutional convention.  Although the constitution produced by that convention was never adopted, Noggle distinguished himself among the delegates.  He fought for the inclusion of progressive items such as the homestead exemption, an elected judiciary, and the rights of married women, and was opposed to a state bank.  He became an ardent Democrat and represented Wisconsin as a delegate to the 1848 and 1852 Democratic National Conventions.

Noggle moved to Janesville, Wisconsin, in 1850, and, in 1853, he was elected to the Wisconsin State Assembly, representing the Janesville-based 2nd Rock County assembly district.  Several Democratic partisan newspapers suggested Noggle as a candidate for Speaker of the Assembly for the 1854 session but ultimately he was not chosen.

Like many progressive Democrats, Noggle split with the party over the Kansas–Nebraska Act and ran for Wisconsin State Senate in 1854 as an independent, citing that his platform was that of the 1849 Democratic state convention and the 1854 Republican state convention—meaning total opposition to the expansion of slavery into new states or territories.  With the Wisconsin Legislature set to elect a United States Senator in the next session, Noggle pledged he would not vote for a candidate who did not adhere to his position on slavery.  He was ultimately unsuccessful as an independent candidate, but subsequently became a member of the new Republican Party.

In 1856, Noggle was elected to the Assembly again, this time on the Republican ticket.  At the start of the 1857 session, he was their choice for Speaker of the Assembly.  However, due to an injury, he declined the honor, stating that his incapacitation would impair him in carrying out the duties of the speaker.  Nevertheless, he remained a leader of the Republican caucus in the Assembly and in the legislative wrangling that secured the election of U.S. senator James Rood Doolittle.  He also successfully pushed the Legislature to pass an act (1857 Wisc. Act 44), setting a referendum to amend the Wisconsin Constitution to extend voting rights to women and African Americans.  He was outspoken about the issue in the press, but the referendum ultimately failed.

Judicial career

In August 1858, Noggle was appointed Wisconsin circuit court judge for the 1st circuit—southeast Wisconsin—by Governor Alexander Randall following the resignation of Judge John M. Keep.  In the April 1859 election, Judge Noggle ran for election to a full six-year term as judge.  Initially, it appeared his opponent would be respected Racine attorney and Speaker of the Assembly William P. Lyon, but Lyon—a fellow Republican—deferred.  Nevertheless, Noggle did have an opponent in the election—John M. Keep—the man who had resigned the judgeship in 1858, creating the vacancy now up for election.  Judge Noggle won a substantial victory in the election, taking nearly 70% of the vote.

Judge Noggle sought reelection in 1865, but this time William P. Lyon did choose to enter the race.  Lyon prevailed in the April election and Judge Noggle's term expired at the end of the year. After leaving office, he lived for a short time in Dubuque, Iowa, and was attorney for the Chicago, Milwaukee, and St. Paul Railroad.

On April 7, 1869, President Ulysses S. Grant nominated Noggle to be Chief Jof the Idaho Territorial Supreme Court, and he was confirmed by the senate two days later. As Noggle's four-year term was expiring, Grant renominated him to the same post on March 13, 1873, and he was confirmed by the senate five days later. He resigned due to poor health in late 1874. Noggle returned to Janesville in 1875, and died there in 1878.

Personal life and family
Noggle's father, John Noggle, was Pennsylvania Dutch and his mother was of Irish American descent.  He married Anne M. Lewis, of Milan, Ohio, on October 13, 1834.  They had at least eight children together, though one died in infancy.

Electoral history

Wisconsin Senate (1854)

| colspan="6" style="text-align:center;background-color: #e9e9e9;"| General Election, November 7, 1854

Wisconsin Circuit Court (1859)

| colspan="6" style="text-align:center;background-color: #e9e9e9;"| General Election, April 5, 1859

References

External links

1808 births
1878 deaths
People from Franklin County, Pennsylvania
Politicians from Dubuque, Iowa
People from Greenfield, Ohio
Politicians from Beloit, Wisconsin
Politicians from Janesville, Wisconsin
Illinois lawyers
Iowa lawyers
Wisconsin lawyers
Wisconsin Democrats
Chief justices of the Idaho Territorial Supreme Court
Wisconsin state court judges
19th-century American politicians
19th-century American judges
19th-century American lawyers
Republican Party members of the Wisconsin State Assembly


title: Munich Serbian Psalter

text:
The Munich Serbian Psalter (, ) is a 14th-century illuminated psalter written in Church Slavonic of the Serbian recension. With its 229 leaves illustrated with 148 miniatures, it is regarded as the most extensively illuminated Serbian manuscript book. It was written after 1370 in Moravian Serbia, either for its ruler Prince Lazar, or more likely, for his successor Stefan Lazarević. The book was rebound in 1630 by Serbian Patriarch Pajsije. It was taken to Bavaria in the late 17th century, and has been kept in the Bavarian State Library in Munich (as  MS Cod. slav. 4) since the beginning of the 19th century.

Description
The Munich Serbian Psalter is a manuscript book written in Church Slavonic of the Serbian recension, in uncial Cyrillic script. It is a representative of the revised version of the Church Slavonic psalter text which came into use in the early 14th century. Compared with previous psalter texts, this version is a closer translation of the Greek original into Church Slavonic. Beside the Psalms, the manuscript also contains the canticles and the Akathist to the Theotokos. It is illustrated with 148 miniatures, which often occupy whole pages, and is regarded as the most extensively illuminated Serbian manuscript book. It has 229 paper leaves in the quarto format, now measuring 28 by 19.7 centimetres. The text columns measure 19 by 12 centimetres and the usual height of the letters is 4 to 5 millimetres; the columns written in such letters consist of 21 lines or, exceptionally, 22 lines. The miniatures' captions are written in red in half-uncial script, with letters smaller than those of the normal text. Some of the captions contain traits of the Serbian vernacular. The titles of the psalms are written in gold on a red background, and most of them include a comment indicating how the psalm is related to Christ and the New Testament. The recto of the first leaf (folio 1r) was originally left blank, but now it contains inscriptions which span several centuries.

The psalter's miniatures are painted on a gold ground, and they are framed by red and blue lines. The most numerous are those depicting events described in the Old Testament, with the focus on David. A second group of miniatures illustrate interpretations of the psalms as found in Church literature and religious novels, while scenes from the New Testament form a third group. A fourth group are the illustrations of the canticles and the akathist. Some psalms have no corresponding illustrations, while others have more than one. The quality of the miniatures lies more in their colouring than in their composition. By their iconography and style, they are related to paintings in Serbian churches created after 1350 during a period when there was no central, dominant art school in Serbia. This phase of Serbian art began during the reign of Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan (r. 1331–1355). The miniatures show characteristics of various local schools, the most dominant of which are the school of the Matejče Monastery and the school of Metropolitan Jovan Zograf, both of which originated in the region of Skopje in northern Macedonia. The miniatures are the collective work of a group of painters belonging to those different schools.

The manuscript is not in its original binding, and the current one was made in 1630 in the Byzantine style. The front and back covers are made of two wooden boards. They have holes and grooves for the binding threads, with which the boards are laced together through the backs of the book's gatherings. The spine of the book consists of a strong linen or hemp cloth. Goatskin painted dark brown is glued onto the boards and the cloth, covering them completely on the outside; the inner sides of the boards are partially covered. Two leather straps are attached to the back cover, and the book is held closed by fastening the straps to two corresponding pins stuck in the front cover. Both covers are decorated with patterns stamped into the goatskin.

History
There are no historical sources documenting where, when and for whom the Munich Serbian Psalter was created. A reliable piece of evidence used to determine its dating is the watermark impressed in the paper on which the manuscript was written (Briquet 3227). This watermark was in use between 1370 and 1390, and as the paper could have been used several years after its production, it can be estimated that the manuscript was written at some point between 1370 and 1395. The miniature illustrating the end of the last psalm (folio 185r) contains a heraldic design in the form of a red double-headed eagle. This was the coat of arms of Stefan Lazarević, who became the ruler of Moravian Serbia after his father Prince Lazar died in 1389 in the Battle of Kosovo fighting against the Ottomans. The same miniature also depicts two young princes, one dressed in red, and the other dressed in blue. A similar depiction is found in a fresco in the Ljubostinja Monastery in central Serbia, built at the end of the 14th century. In the fresco, the two princes are designated as Stefan Lazarević and his younger brother Vuk. These and some other data indicate that the Munich Serbian Psalter was created in Moravian Serbia for the Lazarević brothers around 1390. If, however, an earlier date is accepted, then the patron of the manuscript could have been Prince Lazar. Its illuminators hailed from a more southerly area of the former Serbian Empire, specifically northern Macedonia, but it is known that painters from this region worked in Moravian Serbia in the last decade of the 14th century.

Stefan Lazarević became the Despot of Serbia in 1402, and he was succeeded by Đurađ Branković in 1427. A contemporary inscription on the recto of the first leaf of the psalter indicates that the book was part of Despot Đurađ's library, and that, at some point, he sent it to one of his sons. It is conjectured that the book might have been a wedding gift for his youngest son and successor, Lazar Branković, who married in 1446. The Serbian Despotate fell to the Ottomans in 1459, and the Branković family went into exile in Syrmia, then part of the Kingdom of Hungary. At the beginning of the 17th century, the psalter was in the Privina Glava Monastery on Mount Fruška Gora in Syrmia, which was then under Ottoman rule. In 1627, Serbian Patriarch Pajsije visited the monastery and took the manuscript to his library in Vrdnik, where it remained until 1630. During that time, a copy of the psalter was transcribed; the miniatures were also copied. The patriarch then rebound the book and returned it to Privina Glava. The copy, known as the Belgrade Psalter, would be later kept in the National Library of Serbia. It was destroyed along with the library by the German bombing of Belgrade in April 1941.

During the Great Turkish War, Bavarian troops under Maximilian II Emanuel fought in Syrmia against the Ottomans. The psalter came into the hands of one of Maximilian's high officers named Wolfgang Heinrich von Gemell zu Fischbach. In 1689, he gave the book to the Gotteszell Monastery in the Bavarian Forest, where it remained for almost a century. In an exchange of books, the Gotteszell monks gave the psalter to the Monastery of St. Emmeram in Regensburg in 1782. At the beginning of the 19th century, many valuable manuscripts were taken from monasteries to the Bavarian State Library in Munich, and this was also the case with the Serbian Psalter, which was given the shelf number Cod. slav. 4. It was regarded in Germany as a Russian manuscript until 1834, when Russian scholar Mikhail Kutorga established its Serbian provenance. A substantial monograph on the psalter was published in Vienna in 1906. A philological analysis of its text was provided by Vatroslav Jagić, a prominent scholar of Slavic Studies. The miniatures were described and analyzed by Josef Strzygowski, an internationally reputed member of the Vienna School of Art History. Another monograph on the psalter was published in 1978 in Wiesbaden, Germany. It includes a facsimile reproduction of the whole manuscript.

See also
Oxford Serbian Psalter

Notes

References

External links
Digital Version (2016).

Church Slavonic biblical manuscripts
Serbian manuscripts
Illuminated psalters
14th-century illuminated manuscripts
14th-century biblical manuscripts
Bavarian State Library
Cyrillic manuscripts


title: Julian Yee

text:
Julian Yee Zhi-Jie (, born 26 May 1997) is a Malaysian figure skater. He is the 2017 and 2019 Southeast Asian Games gold medalist, 2015 CS Denkova-Staviski Cup silver medalist, 2016 Asian Open Figure Skating Trophy and 2013 Skate Down Under bronze medalist, as well as five-time Malaysian senior national champion (2013–2017). He has competed in the final segment at ten ISU Championships, including four World Championships. He represented Malaysia at the 2018 Winter Olympics.

Personal life
Julian Yee Zhi-Jie was born on 26 May 1997 in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. His mother, Irene Cheow, served as the deputy president of the Ice Skating Association of Malaysia from 2012 to 2014. He has two brothers, Ian and Ryan Yee Zhi-Jwen. Ryan has also competed internationally in figure skating.

Career

Early years
Julian Yee began learning to skate at age four at the Sunway Pyramid Ice Rink in Malaysia. He and his brothers were introduced to skating by their mother, Irene. Harry Janto Leo became his coach in 2004.

During his early years, Yee competed only in ISI-sanctioned competitions, which were regarded as recreational skating. He won the elementary category at the inaugural Malaysian National Championships and defended his title the following year. He learned all his double jumps by the age of twelve. He was selected by Ice Skating Association of Malaysia to participate in the 2009 Korean Dream Program in PyeongChang.

In 2010, Yee received additional coaching from Chen Lu and Denis Petrov. In 2011, he became the youngest skater to win the Junior Men's category, at age 13 years 10 months, thereby breaking the previous record held by his brother, Ryan Yee Zhi-Jwen.

2011–12 to 2012–13
In the 2011–12 season, Yee was selected to represent Malaysia in the ISU Junior Grand Prix. He competed at events in Milan, Italy and Tallinn, Estonia, but failed to reach the free skate.

In 2013, Yee became first Malaysian to obtain the qualifying scores for the World Junior Championships. He finished 34th in the short program and did not qualify for the free skate. He learned most of the triple jumps by sixteen.

2013–14 to 2014–15
In 2014, Yee became the first Malaysian to reach the free skate at a Four Continents Championships. One of the youngest skaters at the event, held in Taipei City from 20–25 January 2014, he qualified for the free skate and finished 23rd overall. At the 2014 Malaysian Open National Championship, Yee held the lead after the short program and defended his title to become only the second Malaysian skater to win the Senior Men's title in consecutive years.

In the 2014–15 JGP season, Yee finished sixth in Aichi, Japan, scoring personal bests in the short program, free skate, and combined total. In March 2015, competing at his fourth World Junior Championships, he qualified for the free skate and finished 19th overall. He also managed to qualify for Malaysia their first ever Youth Winter Olympics spot but he was not able to compete in it as he was over-aged.

2015–16 season
Yee started the 2015–16 JGP season with a 7th-place result in Riga, Latvia, scoring personal bests in the short, free skate and combined total (176.79). After placing first in the junior category at the 2015 Skate Canada Summer Skate in Thornhill, he competed at the JGP in Logroño, Spain and finished 4th – the highest result by a Malaysian in the Junior Grand Prix. He won his first ISU Challenger Series medal, silver, at the Denkova-Staviski Cup.

Yee finished 15th at the 2016 Four Continents Championships in Taipei after placing 15th in the short and 14th in the free. In March, he qualified for the free skate at the 2016 World Championships in Boston; he ranked 22nd in the short, 19th in the free, and 21st overall. During the season, he trained in Petaling Jaya and Barrie, Ontario, coached by Michael Hopfes and Doug Leigh.

Yee has also trained in the Elvis Stojko Arena (Toronto, Canada), the Chinese National Arena (Harbin, China), and the Beijing Capital Gymnasium (Beijing, China).

2016–17 season
Yee won bronze at the Asian Open Trophy, held in Manila in August 2016. He then relocated to Barrie, Ontario to train full-time, taking a gap year off his university studies. He competed at two ISU Challenger Series events, placing 4th at the 2016 CS Nebelhorn Trophy in September and 5th at the 2016 CS Warsaw Cup in October.

Yee finished 15th overall at the 2017 Four Continents Championships in Pyeongchang, South Korea, and then went directly to Sapporo, Japan to compete at his first Asian Winter Games; he placed 8th with a new personal best of 222.69 points.

In March, he reached the final segment and finished 22nd overall at the 2017 World Championships in Helsinki, Finland.

2017–18 season
In August 2017, Yee won gold at the 2017 Southeast Asian Games.

Yee represented Malaysia in the 2018 Pyeongchang Winter Olympics, together with Jeffrey Webb. He got a personal best score of 73.58 in the short program, and barely missed qualifying for the free skate. Yee is the first ever Malaysian figure skater to qualify for this event.

Programs

Competitive highlights
GP: Grand Prix; CS: ISU Challenger Series; JGP: ISU Junior Grand Prix

Detailed results

Further to the introduction of the +5 / -5 GOE for the season 2018/19, all statistics will restart from zero. All previous statistics are now considered historical

Senior level

Junior level

References

External links

  (Fansite)

1997 births
Living people
Malaysian sportspeople of Chinese descent
Sportspeople from Kuala Lumpur
Malaysian male single skaters
Figure skaters at the 2017 Asian Winter Games
Asian Games competitors for Malaysia
Figure skaters at the 2018 Winter Olympics
Olympic figure skaters for Malaysia
SEA Games gold medalists for Malaysia
SEA Games medalists in figure skating
Competitors at the 2017 SEA Games
Competitors at the 2019 SEA Games


title: Peat, Smoke & Seaweed Storm

text:
Peat, Smoke & Seaweed Storm is the second album of the Finnish composer Osmo Tapio Räihälä, released in 2014. The music on the album is performed by the Finnish Radio Symphony Orchestra, and two solo performers, the French horn player Jukka Harju and the pianist Matilda Kärkkäinen. The album consists of five works, written between 1999 and 2012. The opening track on the album, Barlinnie Nine, is a "musical portrait" of the Scottish ex-football player and Everton cult hero, Duncan Ferguson. The last track, Ardbeg (The Ultimate Piece for Orchestra) is a "musical landscape" of the Inner Hebrides island Islay, and an hommage to its single malt whisky tradition, and in particular Ardbeg.

Track listing

Personnel
Osmo Tapio Räihälä – composer, producer (all tracks)
Timo Ruottinen – executive producer (all tracks)
Sakari Oramo – conductor (1)
Dima Slobodeniouk – conductor (3, 5)
Jukka Harju – French horn (2)
Matilda Kärkkäinen – piano (4)

Media reception
Peat, Smoke & Seaweed Storm received positive reviews in the music media, and is so far Räihälä's major critical success. For example, the Gramophone magazine stated that "This is a well-recorded disc of attractive music, well worth investigating".

In 2015, Peat, Smoke & Seaweed Storm was nominated for the Independent Music Awards for the best Contemporary Classical album award.

Notes
According to the sleeve notes, the tracks 1 (Barlinnie Nine) and 3 (Iron Rain) are live concert recordings, whereas the rest are studio recordings.

References

2014 albums
Osmo Tapio Räihälä albums
Instrumental albums
Contemporary classical music albums


title: Golden Screen TV Awards

text:
Golden Screen TV Awards is a yearly awards night that recognizes the outstanding programs and personalities from different TV networks in the Philippines including ABS-CBN, TV5, GMA Network, among others.

It was created in 2004 by the Entertainment Press Society (ENPRESS), a group of entertainment writers from newspapers. Before the awards night (usually held in March), the ENPRESS members are taking reviews and deliberations of the nominees for three months.

List of Awards
Outstanding Educational Program & Program Host
Outstanding Lifestyle Program & Program Host
Outstanding Magazine Program & Program Host^
Outstanding Public Affairs Program & Program Host^
Outstanding Public Service Program & Program Host^
Outstanding Game/Talent Program & Program Host
Outstanding Celebrity Talk Program & Program Host
Outstanding Documentary Program & Program Host^
Outstanding News Program^
Outstanding Male/Female News Presenter^
Outstanding Showbiz Talk Program
Outstanding Male/Female Showbiz Talk Program Host
Outstanding Adapted Reality/Competition Program & Program Host
Outstanding Natural History/Wildlife Program & Program Host
Outstanding Crime/Investigative Program & Program Host
Outstanding News Magazine Program^
Outstanding Comedy Program
Outstanding Gag Program
Outstanding Musical Program
Outstanding Variety Program
Outstanding Male/Female Host in a Musical or Program
Outstanding Adapted Drama Program
Outstanding Original Drama Program
Outstanding Single Drama/Telemovie Program
Outstanding Breakthrough Performance by an Actor/Actress
Outstanding Supporting Actor/Actress in a Gag or Comedy Show
Gawad Dolphy Lifetime Achievement Awards

(^only added in 2011)

Helen Vela Lifetime Achievement Awards
Named after the actress, radio announcer and drama anthology host Helen Vela, the Helen Vela Lifetime Achievement Awards has been honored the distinguished achievements of personalities in Philippine television. It has 3 categories that will be presented this year, Drama, Comedy and News Broadcast.

See also

 List of Asian television awards
 PMPC Star Awards for Television

References

Philippine television awards
Awards established in 2004
2004 establishments in the Philippines


title: Eupoecilia sanguisorbana

text:
Eupoecilia sanguisorbana is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in China (Hebei, Heilongjiang, Inner Mongolia), Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and most of Europe.

The wingspan  is 12–15 mm. Adults are on wing in June and July.

The larvae feed on Sanguisorba officinalis. Larvae can be found from February to September.

References

Moths described in 1856
Eupoecilia


title: Song For

text:
Song For is the debut album by American jazz saxophonist Joseph Jarman, recorded in 1966 and released on the Delmark label.

Background
Jarman's regular quintet with saxophonist Fred Anderson, trumpeter Billy Brimfield, bassist Charles Clark and drummer Thurman Barker was augmented for the record by another drummer, Steve McCall, and a new figure, pianist Christopher Gaddy, who had just returned from army service. Gaddy died on March 12, 1968, less than a month before his twenty-fifth birthday. Song For was his only recorded performance. Before joining Jarman, Anderson and Brimfield co-led a quartet which was one of the seminal AACM group.

Music
"Adam's Rib" is a Brimfield tune, while "Little Fox Run"" is an Anderson composition (the CD edition adds an unissued take of this piece). “Non-Cognitive Aspects of the City” is a work combining music with an extended poem by Jarman himself.

Reception

Scott Yanow, in his review for AllMusic claims "this music was the next step in jazz after the high-energy passions of the earlier wave of the avant-garde started to run out of fresh ideas".
The Penguin Guide to Jazz states about the album "Of great documentary and historical significance, though unlikely to effect any dramatic conversions."

Track listing
All compositions by Joseph Jarman except as indicated
"Little Fox Run" (Fred Anderson) - 7:05
"Non-Cognitive Aspects of the City" - 14:06
"Adam's Rib" (Billy Brimfield) - 5:57
"Song For" - 13:39

Bonus track on CD
"Little Fox Run (Unissued)" (Fred Anderson) - 10:50

Personnel
Joseph Jarman - alto sax, recitation
Bill Brimfield - trumpet (does not appear on track 2)
Fred Anderson - tenor sax (does not appear on track 2)
Christopher Gaddy - piano, marimba
Charles Clark - bass
Thurman Barker - drums
Steve McCall - drums (does not appear on tracks 2,5)

References

Delmark Records albums
Joseph Jarman albums
1967 debut albums
Albums produced by Bob Koester


title: Clotilde von Derp

text:
Clotilde Margarete Anna Edle von der Planitz (5 November 1892 – 11 January 1974), known professionally as Clotilde von Derp, was a German expressionist dancer, an early exponent of modern dance. Her career was spent essentially dancing together with her husband Alexander Sakharoff with whom she enjoyed a long-lasting relationship.

Early life
Born in Berlin, Clotilde was the daughter of Major Hans Edler von der Planitz (1863–1932) from Berlin and Margarete von Muschwitz (1868–1955). She was a member of the German lower nobility. On 25 January 1919, she married Alexander Sakharoff, a Russian dancer, teacher and choreographer.

Career
As a child in Munich, Clotilde dreamt of becoming a violinist but from an early age she discovered how talented she was as a dancer. After receiving ballet lessons from Julie Bergmann and Anna Ornelli from the Munich Opera, she gave her first performance on 25 April 1910 at the Hotel Union, using the stage name Clotilde von Derp. The audience were enthralled by her striking beauty and youthful grace. Max Reinhardt presented her in the title role in his pantomime Sumurûn which proved a great success while on tour in London. A photo of her by Rudolf Dührkoop was exhibited in 1913 at the Royal Photographic Society. Clotilde was a member of the radical Blaue Reiter Circle which had been started by Wassily Kandinsky in 1911.

Among her admirers were artists such as Rainer Maria Rilke and Yvan Goll. For his Swiss dance presentations, Alexej von Jawlensky gave her make-up resembling his abstract portraits. From 1913, Clotilde appeared with the Russian dancer Alexander Sacharoff with whom she moved to Switzerland during the First World War. Both Sacharoff and Clotilde were known for their crossdressing costumes. Clotilde's femininity was said to be accentuated by the male attire. Her costumes took on an ancient Greek look which she used in Danseuse de Delphes in 1916. Her style was said to be elegant and more modern than that achieved by Isadora Duncan. Their outrageous costumes included wigs made from silver and gold coloured metal, with hats and outfits decorated with flowers and wax fruit.

The two married in 1919 and, with the financial support of Edith Rockefeller, appeared at the Metropolitan Opera in New York but without any great success.

They lived in Paris until the Second World War using the name "Les Sakharoff". Their 1921 poster by George Barbier to advertise their work was seen as showing a "mutually complementary androgynous couple" "united in dance" joined together in an act of "artistic creation."

Sacharoff and von Derp toured widely, visiting China and Japan, which was so successful that they returned again in 1934. The couple and their extravagant costumes visited both North and South America.

von Derp and Sacharoff moved to Spain when France was invaded by Germany. They returned to South America making a new base in Buenos Aires until 1949. They toured Italy the following year and took up an invitation to teach in Rome by Guido Chigi-Saracini. They taught at the Accademia Musicale Chigiana in Siena for Saracini and they also opened their own dance school in Rome.

von Derp and Sakharoff stopped dancing together in 1956. They both continued to live in Rome until their deaths. Clotilde gave and sold many of their writings and costumes, that still remained, to museums and auctions. She eventually sold the iconic 1909 painting of her husband by Alexander Jawlensky. In 1997 the German Dance Archive Cologne purchased many remaining items and they have 65 costumes, hundreds of set and costume designs and 500 photographs.

Assessment
Unlike her husband, Clotilde had a taste for modern music, frequently choosing melancholic music by contemporaries such as Max Reger, Florent Schmitt and Stravinsky. Her haunting eyes and delicate smiles gave the impression she took pleasure in displaying her finely-costumed voluptuous body, even when she reached her forties. She was particularly effective in interpreting Debussy's Prélude à l'après-midi d'un faune. Hans Brandenbourg maintained her ballet technique was superior to that of Alexander although he did not consider her a virtuoso. Clotilde also moved more independently of the music, dancing to the impression it created in her mind rather than to the rhythm.

References

Sources

External links

1892 births
1974 deaths
German female dancers
Edlers of Germany
Dancers from Berlin
Expressionist dancers
Academic staff of Accademia Musicale Chigiana


title: Abell 12

text:
Abell 12 is a planetary nebula located in the constellation of Orion. Abell 12 is known as "the hidden planetary" because of the foreground star Mu Orionis making it difficult to observe and Abell 12 being at an apparent magnitude of about 14. The best way for it to be observed is through narrowband filters such as H-alpha and O-III. The nebula is 6,900 light years away from Earth, north of Betelgeuse. Other names for Abell 12 are PNG 198.6-06.3, PK 198-06.1 and ARO 220. The northern outer red hydrogen shell has been ruptured allowing the interior oxygen to spill out.

References

External links

Abell 12
12
Orion (constellation)


title: Chris Wang (actor)

text:
Chris Wang or Wang You-sheng (; born 9 June 1982) is a Taiwanese actor, model, singer and writer. He previously went by the stage name Wang Yu-xiang (王郁翔). He got his start in show business when hosting the popular Taiwanese travel show The King of Adventure.

Life and career
Chris Wang is a Taiwanese actor and TV host. He attended New Taipei Municipal Yong-Ping High School. He has a degree in finance from National Central University. During college, he took a job in Australia for the summer and biked across the desert. After he returned to Taiwan, he saw the international-travel show "The King of Adventure" was looking for a new host, and recommended himself at the show's blog site. The show's producers were impressed by him and he became the show's fourth host in 2008. When Chris had first seen the show on TV a few years before, he had shouted at his friends that he wanted to host the show someday.

He started acting in TV drama series with a role in "Lucky Days: Second Time Around", 2010's "I Love You" and then "P.S. Man". His fame rose as one of the male leads on the record-setting drama, in 2010 "The Fierce Wife", and its movie sequel, 2012 "The Fierce Wife Final Episode". He followed up with leading roles in shows such as 2011's "They Are Flying", "Inborn Pair", and 2012 "Love Me or Leave Me".

Aside from winning awards for hosting The King of Adventure, his success in dramatic roles has proven him to be a rising actor with great potential and international appeal. Chris has also released a music album in 2013 and published several books.

Personal life
Wang dated and married his manager, Lin Yi-xian (林宜嫻), in 2015. They have one daughter, Wang Lei-zhen (王蕾榛), born on 9 April 2015, and a son who was born in June 2017.

Filmography

Television

Film

Music video appearances
2010 – Naive 天真 by XianZi 弦子
2011 – As the Winter Nights Become Warmer 當冬夜漸暖 by Stefanie Sun 孫燕姿
2011 – Thinking of Her When You're With Me 陪我的時候想著她 by Claire Kuo 郭靜

Discography

Studio albums

Published works
 2009 October 30 : You Are the King of Adventure: Chris's Dream Heaven (你，就是冒險王) –
 2011 October 15 : Naked, Fake (宥勝‧裸裝) –
 2012 December 12 : My Challenge Is Not Perfect (挑戰我的不完美) –
 2016 : 因為妳，夢想啟動：菜鳥奶爸追夢記 –

References

External links
  Ocean Butterflies Music page
  Chris Wang Facebook page
  Chris Wang Weibo page

1982 births
Living people
Taiwanese male television actors
Male actors from Taipei
Taiwanese male film actors
Taiwanese television personalities
21st-century Taiwanese male actors
Taiwanese writers


title: Hawes Water (Silverdale)

text:
Hawes Water, sometimes called Hawes Tarn, is a lake in north west Lancashire, England, in the parish of Silverdale, the Arnside and Silverdale AONB, and the Gait Barrows National Nature Reserve (NNR).  It is one of only two natural fresh-water lakes in the county, along with Marton Mere. It is a marl lake and the focus of an eponymous Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) and has been the subject of several research studies. Little Hawes Water is a smaller lake to the north east. To the south of the lake, and included in the SSSI, is the area of Haweswater Moss.

The footpath along the eastern side of Hawes Water is accessible for wheelchairs, and a car parking place is provided which can be accessed with a RADAR key.

Fiona Reynolds, writing in Country Life, described Hawes Water as "a mysterious, low-lying marl lake, where ... we are told of riches, bitterns and lady's slipper orchid, that can be seen when the time is right".

It has been recorded that a serpent was believed to live in the lake, emerging occasionally to devour local sheep.

In 2020 Natural England published a Summary guide to the management of Gait Barrows National Nature Reserve, Silverdale, Lancashire 2020–2025 and a Grazed Habitats Management Plan: Gait Barrows National Nature Reserve 2020-2025 describing their plans for Hawes Water and the rest of the Gait Barrows NNR.

References

Further reading

External links
Map of the Hawes Water SSSI from  DEFRA

Lakes of Lancashire
Sites of Special Scientific Interest in Lancashire
Silverdale, Lancashire


title: Eugenia oreophila

text:
Eugenia oreophila can refer to:

 Eugenia oreophila Ridl., a synonym of Syzygium oreophilum
 Eugenia oreophila Rech., a synonym of Syzygium brevifolium
 Eugenia oreophila Diels, a synonym of Myrcianthes oreophila


title: YVR Sustainability

text:
YVR Sustainability is an operations department at Vancouver International Airport that is concerned with airport green initiatives. Its focus is to expand the airport quality of YVR without harm to the environment or affecting the community in a negative way. It focuses on a variety of initiatives having to do with heating, transport, energy consumption, recycling and noise. YVR's sustainability is also known and infamous for its green art linked to the environment and community and its indoor nature displays.

YVR's sustainability projects

Energy Reduction Committee
YVR's Vancouver Airport Services created an energy reduction committee in 1999 to create new energy-reducing initiatives. The YVR website describes these different initiatives such as "installing an econo-mode setting on baggage conveyor belts to shut down conveyors when no bags are present; installing carbon dioxide sensors to control heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) according to the number of people in area; and patenting a black box to regulate electrical power to the flight information display monitors when no flights are scheduled." In 2005, the committee introduced "installation of low-energy Light Emitting Diodes (LED) lighting on several taxiways, installation of more efficient, brighter lighting on Levels 2 and 3 of the car parking structure, upgrades to the chilled water distribution system, and replacement of all Airport Authority computer equipment with newer, more efficient models." The building and lighting system are designed to utilize as much daylight as possible so that it is the primary lighting source. The Committee claims to have saved more than 24 gigawatt hours of electricity and $5.5 million since the team's creation.

Electrification of ground support equipment
In 2015, the airport set a goal for 50% of the ground support equipment to run on electric power by the year 2020. This goal was achieved early, as by late 2019, 53% of these machines operated on electric power. The airport installed 50 charging stations to support this operation.

The airport also has a comprehensive fleet management plan, to ensure that  ground support equipment operators maintain and electrify the fleet of the right size. They also have eight battery electric apron buses to support the operation of aircraft on remote stands separate from the terminal building.

Solar-powered hot water
The solar-powered hot water systems were installed in the airport's Domestic and International terminals in 2003. The 100 solar panels were placed on the roof of the YVR building and will heat more than 800-gallons of water each hour. This has resulted in approximately $110,000 and 8569 gigajoules saved each year. The project was partly funded by BC Hydro working with the Vancouver International Airport Authority to reduce energy consumption and costs at YVR. YVR also uses nightly energy set backs, carbon dioxidesensors, and improved scheduling and system tune-ups since 2001 which has led to a decrease of 25 per cent in natural gas usage.

Taxi incentive program
YVR has 100 hybrid and natural gas-operated taxis hired to pick up and drop off passengers. The Airport Authority created a program in 2004 that gave incentive for alternative fuel taxis and was successful by improving the average fleet fuel economy by 47% by 2009. This is due to the large traffic of passengers travelling to and from the airport by taxi per year.

Green wall
In June 2009, YVR had a green wall installed by the Canada Line YVR–Airport Station and can best be viewed from the International Departures terminal on Level 3 and from the International Arrivals terminal on Level 2. This is the first Canadian airport with a living green wall and the largest in North America. The green wall measures "18-metres high and 12 -metres wide and is home to 28,249 individual plants on 2,173 panels and houses a built-in irrigation and feeding system." The plants it consists of are Euonymus japonicus microphyllus, Euonymus japonicus albovariegatus microphyllus, Polypodium glycyrrhiza, and Ophiopogon japonicus nanus. Benefits of a green wall on the building include improving air quality, reducing noise pollution (the green wall is located near the Sky Train), cooling the area down and saving on energy costs, and decreases carbon dioxide emissions in the environment. YVR includes other environmental indoor installations such as its indoor garden, aquarium, and a freshwater creek. The 30,000 galloon salt water aquarium at YVR is home to about 850 samples of British Columbia marine life. There is also a 750-gallon jelly fish tank and a 60-metre long fresh water creek located nearby. These installations serve an aesthetic purpose and illustrate YVR's position on green initiatives.

YVR Fuel Project
The YVR Fuel project plans to build an underground pipeline and upgrade an airport fuel terminal near the Fraser River. In 2014, the YVR Fuel Project was granted approval with 64 conditions. An information bulletin posted by the Ministry of Environment of British Columbia announced that the project is "not expected to result in any significant adverse effects, based on the mitigation measures and conditions of the Environmental Assessment Certificate." Nonetheless, the YVR Airport Fuel Facilities will have to carry out the project in accordance to the conditions made by the Environmental Assessment Office. Key conditions deal with spill and fire prevention, preparedness and response, cleaning, inspection, dealing with pollution liabilities, environmental remediation, and compensating for Aboriginals loss under the Fisheries Act.
Marine pilots will have to be specially trained for the river's environment, tankers double-hulled, pre-screened and each boat will have to have two tugs. The reason for the YVR fuel upgrade is because the Fuel Facilities Corp. states the current fuel-delivery system is not sustainable and too dependent on an older pipeline coming from Burnaby, British Columbia and shipments from Washington, USA. With its own fuel,  YVR will have more room and independence to welcome new flights and airlines.

Rapid transportation

The SkyTrain system was expanded to the airport in 2009 through the opening of the Canada Line and YVR–Airport station.

Recycling
YVR has 450 recycling containers evenly distributed and located around its terminals, divided for recycling plastic and paper. The containers themselves are made from recycled aluminum, steel and plastic and help recycle over 1,250,000 kg of material each year.

Noise management
The Vancouver International Airport Security submitted a 2009 - 2013 Noise Management Plan to the Canadian Ministry of Transport in August 2013 which was reviewed and approved. This Management Plan included initiatives to help with noise complaints that YVR Security had received. A total of 16 initiatives were identified and are outlined in the Noise Management Plan. The plan is flexible and allows room for new community issues that may arise within the five-year program. The plan's main goal is to balance the needs of having 24-hour airport services while minimizing noise disturbances associated with aircraft services for those living nearby.

Other YVR facilities

References

External links
 Vancouver International Airport's Noise Management
 Flexible Solar Panel

Aviation and the environment
Sustainability in Canada
Sustainable urban planning
Sustainability
Transport in Richmond, British Columbia


title: Paul J. Girouard

text:
Paul J. Girouard, M.S. (December 27, 1898 – February 20, 1964) was an American-born missionary and bishop of the Catholic Church in Madagascar. He served as the Bishop of Morondava from 1955 to 1964.

Biography
Born in Hamilton, Rhode Island, Paul Girouard was ordained a priest on July 26, 1927, for the Missionaries of Our Lady of La Salette.  On December 30, 1954 Pope Pius XII appointed him to be the Apostolic Prefect of Morondava.  He was then appointed as the first bishop of Morondava on November 7, 1955.  He was consecrated a bishop by Archbishop Henry O'Brien of Hartford on March 7, 1956. The principal co-consecrators were Bishops William Scully of Albany and Russell McVinney of Providence.  Girouard served as the diocesan bishop until his death on February 20, 1964, at the age of 65.

References

1898 births
1964 deaths
People from Washington County, Rhode Island
Missionaries of La Salette Order
20th-century Roman Catholic bishops in Madagascar
American Roman Catholic missionaries
American expatriates in Madagascar
Catholics from Rhode Island
Roman Catholic bishops of Morondava


title: Jewish Rock Radio

text:
Jewish Rock Radio is a non-profit Internet radio station founded in 2010. It is based in Chesterfield, Missouri.

Development
Jewish Rock Radio is a non-profit Internet radio station founded by Jewish rock musician Rick Recht, who is the station's executive director. Launched in 2010, it was one of the first exclusively Jewish rock online radio stations in the United States, and runs programming 7 days a week and 24 hours a day. It was conceived as a global communications channel for Jews across the world. Recht was inspired to create Jewish Rock Radio after seeing how Christian rock radio stations operated. The station is a non-profit under the umbrella of the 501c3 charity "Judaism Alive", an organization established in 2009 "to strengthen Jewish identity and connection for youth through their love of music, musical instruments, and online interaction" according to The Jewish Week.

Mobile app
In 2011 the station launched its mobile app, which is provided free of charge for both Apple and Android devices. More than 10,000 apps were downloaded in the first few months, providing over 500,000 listening minutes. In 2012 the app was named one of the top five Jewish music apps available on the Internet by The Jerusalem Post. The radio station became embedded in the websites of several top Jewish institutions.

Live concerts
Jewish Rock Radio DJs include Seth Williams out of St. Louis, and has a focus on new up-and-coming artists. Many who work at the station also provide collaborative live shows at major music concerts. In February 2013 the station organized and hosted the first Jewish Rock Radio Rockfest National Music Festival at the St. Louis Jewish Community Center.

Recognition
In 2011 the station was awarded a Slingshot Award, given as a part of the "annual compilation of the 50 most inspiring and innovative organizations, projects, and programs in the North American Jewish community". This includes serving as an advertising vehicle to Jewish-oriented businesses to directly communicate with their target constituencies.

References

External links
 Jewish Rock Radio station

Internet radio in the United States
Jewish mass media in the United States
2010 establishments in Missouri
Non-profit organizations based in Missouri
Companies based in Chesterfield, Missouri
Jewish rock


title: Pavel Trikhichev

text:
Pavel Sergeevich Trikhichev (; born November 7, 1992) is a Russian World Cup alpine ski racer. He competed in the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, and in three World Championships.

World Cup results

Season standings

Race podiums
 0 wins
 1 podium – (1 SC)

World Championships results

Olympic results

References

External links

 Pavel Trikhichev World Cup standings at the International Ski Federation

1992 births
Living people
People from Monchegorsk
Russian male alpine skiers
Olympic alpine skiers for Russia
Alpine skiers at the 2014 Winter Olympics
Alpine skiers at the 2018 Winter Olympics
Sportspeople from Murmansk Oblast


Early stages of embryogenesis of tailless amphibians

Embryogenesis in living creatures occurs in different ways depending on class and species. One of the most basic criteria of such development is independence from a water habitat.

Amphibians were the earliest animals to adapt themselves to a mixed environment containing both water and dry land.

The embryonic development of tailless amphibians is presented below using the African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis) and the northern leopard frog (Rana pipiens) as examples.

The oocyte in these frog species is a polarized cell - it has specified axes and poles. The animal pole of the cell contains pigment cells, whereas the vegetal pole (the yolk) contains most of the nutritive material. The pigment is composed of light-absorbing melanin.

The sperm cell enters the oocyte in the region of the animal pole. Two blocks - defensive mechanisms meant to prevent polyspermy - occur: the fast block and the slow block. A relatively short time after fertilization, the cortical cytoplasm (located just beneath the cell membrane) rotates by 30 degrees. This results in the creation of the gray crescent. Its establishment determines the location of the dorsal and ventral (up-down) axis, as well as of the anterior and posterior (front-back) axis and the dextro-sinistral (left-right) axis of the embryo.

Embryo cleavage
The cleavage (cell division) of a frog’s embryo is complete and uneven, because most of the yolk is gathered in the vegetal region. The first cleavage runs across the animal-vegetal axis, dividing the gray crescent into two parts. The second cleavage also cuts through the gray crescent, although always running perpendicularly to the first one. This results in the creation of four identical blastomeres - separate cells now forming the embryo. The third cleavage runs equatorially and closer to the animal pole, thus creating blastomeres of unequal size (micromeres in the animal region and macromeres in the vegetal region). Due to the fact that macromeres contain more yolk, it is easier for the micromeres to further divide themselves.

An embryo counting 16 to 64 blastomeres is called a morula. From the stage of having 128 cells, the embryo develops a cavity, the blastocoele, and is called a blastula. At the moment in which the creation of cleavages becomes asynchronous, a midblastula transition occurs. This means that the genetic material of the embryo begins transcription.

The rate at which cleavages occur depends on the species and on the temperature of the organism’s environment. For example, divisions in R.pipiens embryo occur once every hour, whereas in the X.laevis embryo – once every half hour. Higher temperature determines a faster division rate. The R.pipiens embryo reaches its 8-cell stage in 5.5 hours at the temperature of 18 degrees Celsius, and X.laevis does so in 4.5 hours in the same temperature.
When the embryo is composed of over 10.000 blastomeres (R.pipiens – after 25 or 26 hours), the next stage of embryonic development begins – gastrulation, which lasts around 24 hours.

Gastrulation

The first visible stage of gastrulation is the creation of a concavity on the dorsal side, right under the gray crescent. In this place begins the infiltration of cells of the future mesoderm. From this moment the embryo is called a gastrula, and the concave, visible from outside, is the emerging blastopore. Over the upper edge of the blastopore, called the dorsal lip, a migration of cells occurs, which derives from the central area of the gray crescent. The process of involution takes place – the dorsal lip turns in upon itself. The moving cells enter the blastocoele. As the blastopore deepens, a new embryonic cavity develops, the primitive gut, or the archenteron. It grows in length towards the future front part of the embryo. It can be seen from outside the embryo that the dorsal lip curves itself and grows, creating the side lips of the blastopore. During this time, the paraxial mesoderm enters the embryo. It will change into somitomeres. The bottom of the archenteron is composed of macromeres. They later transform into the gut of the embryo. The ventral lip of the blastopore develops, and the lateral plate mesoderm enters the blastocoel through it. The blastopore develops a ring-like shape, and surrounds the macromeres, creating the yolk sac. The process of involution occurs simultaneously with the process of epiboly, a cell movement associated with the covering of the embryo by the ectoderm. The blastopore gradually closes, and the macromeres, which are endodermal cells, are pulled inside of the embryo (the process of emboly). It can be seen from the outside as the shrinking of the yolk sac. Near the end of gastrulation, the yolk sac becomes entirely covered by the ectoderm, and the blastopore assumes the shape of a vertical cleavage. The three germ layers form a characteristic shape. The ectoderm is the outermost layer, the mesoderm is the middle one, and the endoderm forms the inside layer. Only in the locations of the future body openings (the mouth and the anus), the endoderm remains in immediate contact with the ectoderm. At the next stage of development, which is known as neurulation, the embryo grows in length along the anterior-posterior axis. Differentiation of the germ layers also occurs.

Cells communicate , which means that the type of environment of specific cells implies their future roles in the development of the embryo.

References
1. Maleszewski, Marek.Ćwiczenia z biologii rozwoju zwierząt, p. 49-55, Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, Warsaw 2007

Embryology


title: How Much Love (Leo Sayer song)

text:
"How Much Love" is a popular song from 1977 by the British singer Leo Sayer.  It was the third of three single releases from Sayer's 1976 album, Endless Flight.  The song was co-written by Sayer with Barry Mann.

The song became an international Top 10 hit.  Although it reached only number 17 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100, it hit number 9 on the U.S. Cashbox Top 100, and number 10 in the UK.

"How Much Love" was a much bigger hit in Canada, where it peaked at number 4 and was the 57th biggest hit of 1977.  It also reached the Top 10 on the Canadian AC chart.

Chicago radio station WLS, which gave "How Much Love" airplay, ranked the song as the 62nd biggest hit of 1977. It reached as high as number 5 on their weekly singles survey.

Personnel
Leo Sayer - vocals
Gene Page - string arrangements
Larry Carlton - rhythm guitar
Chuck Rainey - bass
Richard Tee - piano
Steve Gadd - drums
Ray Parker Jr. - lead guitar
Bobbye Hall - percussion

Chart performance

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Cover version
"How Much Love" was covered by Maxine Nightingale on her 1977 LP Night Life. It was also included as the B-side of one of the singles from the LP.

References

External links
 Lyrics of this song

1977 songs
Leo Sayer songs
1977 singles
Warner Records singles
Song recordings produced by Richard Perry
Songs written by Leo Sayer
Songs written by Barry Mann
Maxine Nightingale songs


title: Addoraca

text:
Addoraca is a white Italian wine grape variety that is grown in the Calabria region of southern Italy where it is blended with Coda di Volpe bianca, Malvasia bianca di Candia and Muscat blanc à Petits Grains in the passito dessert wine Moscato di Saracena.

History

Ampelographers believe that Addoraca likely originated in the Calabria region where the name Addoraca means "perfumed" in the local Calabrian dialect. The grape has a long history of being a minor blending component in the Moscato di Saracena dessert wine that is a specialty of the village of Saracena.

Wine regions

Today Addoraca is almost exclusively found in the province of Cosenza in Calabria where it is most notably used in the production of the straw wine Moscato di Saracena where it is blended with Muscat blanc à Petits Grains (known locally as Moscatello di Saracena), Coda di Volpe bianca (known locally as Guarnaccia bianca) and Malvasia bianca di Candia.

Synonyms
Over the years, Addoraca has also been known under the synonym Odoacra, though this synonym is not officially recognized by the Vitis International Variety Catalogue (VIVC).

References

White wine grape varieties
Wine grapes of Italy


title: Peshawar City railway station

text:
Peshawar City Railway Station (, ) is one of two major railway stations in the Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. It is located on the Dilazak Road.

Services
The following trains originate/stop at Peshawar Cantonment station:

See also
 Pakistan Railways
 List of railway stations in Pakistan
 Rawalpindi railway station
 Lahore railway station
 Quetta railway station
 Peshawar Cantonment railway station

References

Railway stations in Peshawar District
Railway stations on Khyber Pass line
Railway stations on Karachi–Peshawar Line (ML 1)