title: Ernst Haiger

text:
Ernst Haiger (10 June 1874 – 15 March 1952) was a German architect.

Life and career
Haiger was born in Mülheim an der Ruhr. He studied at the Technical University in Munich, under professors ,  and Friedrich von Thiersch. The latter was his most important teacher who also promoted him. In his younger years, Haiger was already a successful architect. Still a student, he entered a draft for the Leipzig Monument to the Battle of the Nations, which successfully reached the competition's short list. His drafts for villas and interior room decoration were displayed at the Munich Glass Palace Exhibition in 1898 and attracted a lot of attention. He had designed them with Henry Helbig, with whom he shared a studio,working together until about 1903.

As from 1905 he worked for the Munich Vereinigte Werkstätten für Kunst im Handwerk (United Workshops for Arts in Handcrafts). In 1920 the reorganisation of this society was given into his hands, along with Rudolf Alexander Schröder and Paul Ludwig Troost. In 1917 King Ludwig III of Bavaria awarded him the title of professor. Orders for his work became fewer after the First World War. He became a member of the Nazi Party on August 1, 1932, and in 1933, was awarded a number of commissions as part of Hitler's plans to redesign Munich — thanks in part to Troost's widow and her influence on Hitler himself. Haiger's large projects – a theater and concert hall – were never built. However, he created the interior design for the officers' mess in the “Führer-Building“ at Königsplatz, the bar and pub in the art exhibition building called Haus der Kunst, as well as the city's Guest House Representation Rooms. In 1938 the German Pavilion for the Venice Biennale was reconstructed according to his drafts. After the end of the war Haiger lived in Wiesbaden and designed there a few more smaller buildings, without ever setting up another office again. Haiger died in Wiesbaden on 15 March 1952.

Architecture
Haiger created and designed primarily drafts for noble stately homes, the reconstruction and remodelling of manor houses, interior decoration and monuments for graves. One project, which he had propagated since 1907, was that of a monumental “Symphonic House“ in the form of a temple for quasi cultic performances of Beethoven's symphonies, above all the Ninth, with its Ode to Joy (“For all humanity, all embracing, this temple – an entire apolline work of art for the future – will unite mankind in celebrations of rejoice“). It never became realization. The orchestra should remain unseen, a subject which was highly discussed at that time (and had already been realized in the Bayreuth Festspielhaus). Many well-known musicians and architects belonged to the executive board and the honorary committee of a society, founded in 1913, to promote this project. The planned realization as a concert hall in Stuttgart, not only for Beethoven's symphonies, failed due to World War I. A renewed attempt after the war, under the patronage of the writer, Gerhart Hauptmann, equally failed.

The earliest projects, presented as Helbig and Haiger's joint works, belonged to the reform movement against historicism. In 1898 his drafts for smaller country houses and Biedermeier style furniture were unusually simple and modest for those days. Eccentric drafts followed in the style of Art-Nouveau with highly coloured façades, such as the well-known houses in Munich's Schwabing area (see below). Soon Haiger turned away from the Art Nouveau style, freely using elements of]the 18th and early 19th century architecture, which became characteristic for his later designs. In his drafts for large-scale buildings during the Nazi period – modified by Adolf Hitler's interventions – one finds elements of Troost's new Neoclassicism (fluted pillars, right-angled profiles).

Selected works

 1899 Art Nouveau Apartment Building Ainmillerstrasse 22 in Munich, Germany (together with Henry Helbig)
 1899 Art Nouveau Apartment Building Roemerstrasse 11 in Munich (together with Henry Helbig)
 1902 Conversion of the Palais Freyberg, Karolinenplatz 5a in Munich (together with Henry Helbig)
 1907 Gutshaus Schwabhof, Zedlitzstrasse 16a, Manor House in Augsburg
 1908 Villa Böhm, Mommsenstrasse 3 in Dresden (greatly changed)
 1909 Villa Augusta de Osa, Muenchner Strasse 27 in Berg-Kempfenhausen at Lake Starnberg
 1910 Villa Reiss, Stauffenbergstrasse 48 in Tübingen
 1911 Alexander Prentzel House, Lortzingstraße 1a, Residential Home in Koblenz-Oberwerth (greatly changed)
 1911 Conversation of the Manor House von Bergwelt-Baildon in Ober Lubie – Kopienice, Poland
 1913 Evangelical Parish Hall, Saarbruecker Strasse 2a in Saarbrücken-Brebach (greatly changed and converted)
 1913 Graf Schaesberg Family Voult in Tannheim (Württemberg)
 1914 Villa, Bunsenstrasse 5 in Mülheim an der Ruhr
 1922 Villa Frederico de Osa, Am Seehang 5 in Berg-Kempfenhausen at Lake Starnberg
 1923 Villa Kannegiesser, Heilmannstrasse 47 in Munich
 1924 Villa Junghans Roggenbachstrasse 6 in Villingen-Schwenningen
 1928 August Thyssen Family Voult next to Landsberg Castle in Ratingen
 1929 Villa von Schertel, Rosselstrasse 19 in Wiesbaden
 1937 Officer's Mess in the “Führer Building“ at Königsplatz in Munich (completely changed in the meantime)
 1938 bar and pub in the art exhibition building called “Haus der Kunst“, Prinzregentenstraße 1 in Munich
 1938 Munich's Guest House Representation Rooms (destroyed)
 1938 Conversion of the German Pavilion, Giardini della Biennale, Venice, Italy
 1952 Villa Henkell, Rosselstraße 20 in Wiesbaden

Publications
 Über die künstlerischen Aufgaben in der Architektur. In: Deutsche Bauzeitung, 37th year, 1903, p. 150, and 38th year, 1904, p. 289 f.
 Der Tempel, das apollinische Kunstwerk der Zukunft. In: Die Musik, VI, vol. 24 (1906–1907), p. 350–356.
 Tempel und Symphonie. Eugen Diederichs, Jena 1910.

Honours
In 1917 the Bavarian king awarded him the title of professor.

References

Sources
 Ernst Haiger, Grabmonumente und Reihengrabsteine. Erläuternder Text von [W.] von Grolmann. Berlin 1907. (mit 50 Tafeln)
 Ernst Haiger, mit einer Würdigung von Herman Sörgel. Munich 1930.
 Heinrich Habel u.a.: Münchener Fassaden. Bürgerhäuser des Historismus und des Jugendstils. (= Materialien zur Kunst des neunzehnten Jahrhunderts, Band 11.) Prestel, Munich 1974,
 Heinrich Habel u.a. (Bearb.): München. (= Denkmaltopographie Bundesrepublik Deutschland, Denkmäler in Bayern, vol. I.1.) Munich 1985
 Gerhard Schober: Frühe Villen und Landhäuser am Starnberger See. Waakirchen-Schaftlach 1998
 Gerhard J. Bellinger, Brigitte Regler-Bellinger: Schwabings Ainmillerstraße und ihre bedeutendsten Anwohner. Ein repräsentatives Beispiel der Münchner Stadtgeschichte von 1888 bis heute. (book on demand) Books on Demand GmbH, Norderstedt 2003, , Seite 213–216
 Ernst Haiger (jun.): Haiger, Ernst. In: Allgemeines Künstlerlexikon. Die Bildenden Künstler aller Zeiten und Völker (AKL). Vol. 68, de Gruyter, Berlin 2010, , p. 20 f.
 Heinrich Kreisel: Die Kunst des deutschen Möbels. Vol. 3 (bearbeitet von Georg Himmelheber) 2. Auflage, Munich 1983
 Winfried Nerdinger (Hrsg.): Architekturführer München. Dietrich Reimer, Berlin 2001
 Hans-Peter Rasp: Eine Stadt für 1000 Jahre. München, Bauten und Projekte für die Hauptstadt der Bewegung. Munich 1981
 Piergiacomo Bucciarelli: L'abitare eclettico di Ernst Haiger alle soglie del Moderno. In: Opus, Quaderno di storia dell'architettura e restauro, 7, 2003, p. 439–452
 Piergiacomo Bucciarelli: Ernst Haiger – der Antimodernist. In: Baumeister, 111. Jahrgang 2014, Heft 6 (June 2014), p. 28–34

1874 births
1952 deaths
19th-century German architects
People from the Kingdom of Bavaria
Art Nouveau architects
Bavarian architects
20th-century German architects
Technical University of Munich alumni
Architects in the Nazi Party


title: 2014 Copa de México de Naciones

text:
The 2014 Copa de México de Naciones is the 3rd edition of the Copa México de Naciones Sub-16 and it took place in the city of Mexico from August 2 to August 10, organized by the FEF (Federacion Mexicana de Futbol Asociacion AC). The previous two cups (2012 Copa de México de Naciones, 2013 Copa de México de Naciones) were both Sub-15.

For this edition all players must be born on January 1, 1998, or after.

Participating teams
Sixteen participants were invited from AFC, CONCACAF, CONMBOL and UEFA (two from Mexico).

  (2 teams)

Originally,  was slated to participate, but because of the death of Julio Grondona, head of the Asociacion del Futbol Argentino, they were forced to cancel their involvement

Group stage

Group A
  9pts
  6pts
  3pts
  0pts

Group B
  9pts
  4pts
 #2 3pts
  1pt

Group C
  9pts
  6pts
  3pts
  0pts

Group D
  9pts
  6pts
  3pts
  0pts

Semi finals
  2 vs 1
  5 vs 4

Finals
  vs , Estadio Azteca, August 10, 2014.

References

Under-16 association football
2013–14 in Mexican football
International association football competitions hosted by Mexico
2014 in youth association football


title: Baku White City

text:
The master plan of Baku White City ( ) refers to the re-development of a portion of Black City, 221-hectare land area, conceptualized to be part of the 2021 strategic plan for Baku.

Development
The project was designed by Atkins and Foster and Partners. Around 75 per cent of the project will be residential units, creating a new community of 19,700 households for about 50,000 people as well as commercial and leisure units that will provide up to 48,000 jobs. The project was completed in 2022.

In 2014, the Lycée français de Bakou (Baku French Lyceum) located in White City was inaugurated by President Ilham Aliyev. In 2015, the eastern part of the Baku Boulevard, the city's seaside promenade, was extended by two kilometers to cover the coastal part of White City, which also became the site of the newly built Boulevard Hotel Baku.

Opening ceremony
The opening ceremony of Baku White City took place on 24 December 2011. President Aliyev and his wife Mehriban Aliyeva attended an opening ceremony of Baku White City project on the 26 December 2016. The vice president and the head of state observed the first settlements on Green Island. They also laid the foundation stone for Fountains Square park, a pedestrian passage and a public parking complex.

Baku White City Office Building
In 2015, the Baku White City Office Building became the first property in Azerbaijan to be awarded BREEAM certification on international ecological standards with the rating of Good.

Transportation

Metro
The Baku White City Metro Station is under construction in this area by Baku Metro.

Tram
In February 2012, the government of Azerbaijan announced that it is planning to restore the tram line in Baku. A new line had to be laid along the seaside promenade of Baku Boulevard in central Baku as part of the Baku White City development project. Since then, Formula One made Alstom change the plans and the route of this tram line, which is never happened and project was not implemented.

Gallery

External links
Official website
Map of BWC

References

Buildings and structures under construction in Baku
Buildings and structures in Baku
Populated places in Baku
Urban planning in Azerbaijan
Tourist attractions in Baku
Baku


title: Charles Hewett

text:
Charles Hewett (born July 29, 1929) is a former American cyclist. He competed in the team pursuit at the 1960 Summer Olympics.

References

External links

1929 births
Living people
American male cyclists
Olympic cyclists for the United States
Cyclists at the 1960 Summer Olympics
Sportspeople from Boston
Pan American Games medalists in cycling
Pan American Games gold medalists for the United States
American track cyclists
Competitors at the 1959 Pan American Games
Cyclists from Massachusetts
Medalists at the 1959 Pan American Games


title: Staring at the Sun (Anastacia song)

text:
"Staring at the Sun" is a song recorded by American singer-songwriter Anastacia from her sixth studio album, Resurrection (2014). It was written by Louis Biancaniello, Marley Munroe and Sam Watters, and produced by Watters and Biancaniello. The song was digitally released by BMG Rights as the second single from the album on August 25, 2014.

Critical reception
According to Marcus Floyd of Renowned for Sound, "Staring at the Sun" is a "strong opening number" for the album where "you can hear and relate to the pain Anastacia clearly expresses with that voice of hers". Stating that the song recalls the "Anastacia’s signature sound", Pip Ellwood-Hughes of Entertainment Focus wrote that "Staring at the Sun" with her "powerful" and "soulful" vocals tear through a midtempo beat signalling that she’s back and ready to take on the charts once again. Jazz Tangcay of So So Gay considers the "perfect" song to open the album. Tangcay also stressed the vocal performance of singer in "Staring at the Sun", writing "it serves as a reminder to its listeners of just who Anastascia is and just what she’s vocally capable of". Paul Leake of Click Music comments that in the song Anastacia instead of focusing on the sad moments of her breakdown of her marriage, she use your voice to show their "undeniable resilience".

Music video
On September 17, 2014, a music video for the song was released on Anastacia's official YouTube account. The music video for "Staring at the Sun" was directed by DJay Brawner and producer Anthem Films. On October 24, 2014, was released a music video for "Staring at the Sun (Digital Dog Remix)", which was directed by Ricki Neil.

Formats and track listings
Digital EP
 "Staring at the Sun" – 3:43
 "Staring at the Sun" (Acapella) – 3:30
 "Staring at the Sun" (Instrumental) - 3:43
 "Staring at the Sun" (Digital Dog Club Mix) - 5:42

Digital Remix EP
 "Staring at the Sun" (Radio Edit) – 3:43
 "Staring at the Sun" (The Cube Guys Remix) – 6:07
 "Staring at the Sun" (The Cube Guys Dub) - 6:07
 "Staring at the Sun" (Digital Dog Club Mix) - 5:42

Credits and personnel
Credits taken from Resurrection liner notes.
Vocals: Anastacia
Background vocals: Felicia Barton
Writing: Louis Biancaniello, Marley Munroe, Sam Watters
Producing: Sam Watters, Louis Biancaniello
Keyboards and programming: Louis Biancaniello
Mixed: Al Clay at Westside Pacific
Mastered: Pat Sullivan at Bernie Grundman

Charts

Release history

References

External links

2014 songs
Songs written by Louis Biancaniello
Songs written by Sam Watters
Anastacia songs


title: Nipper Read

text:
Leonard Ernest "Nipper" Read, QPM (31 March 1925 – 7 April 2020) was a British police officer and boxing administrator.

Early life
Leonard Ernest Read was born in Nottingham on 31 March 1925, the son of Leonard Read Snr., who worked for a leather company, and his wife Ida (née Morris). His mother died when he was four and he was sent to live with her brother. After their father remarried, Leonard and his two sisters and brother returned to live with their father and stepmother.

Read did well in school, always being one of the top three pupils in junior and senior school. He played the lead role in a school production of David Copperfield. He also learned to box, winning his first medal in 1937. He later joined the Grundy boxing club, where he was nicknamed "Nipper". Read had hoped to attend Nottingham High School and passed the entrance exam, but his father could not afford the uniform and fees for books. He left school at 14 and later in life regretted not being able to stretch himself academically.

Read began working in a Players cigarette warehouse in 1939, earning ten shillings a week, eight of which he gave to his stepmother.

Career
Read was called up in 1943 and served as a petty officer in the Royal Navy during the Second World War.

Read could not join the Nottingham City Police which had a minimum height requirement of . Instead, he joined the Metropolitan Police in 1947, which had a minimum height requirement of , telling the medical examiner he was still growing. Because of his small stature he was taken out of the uniform branch and made an aide to CID. His acting ability came in useful and he worked in disguise in several roles, on the basis that nobody would believe he was a police officer.

As a detective constable, Read was sent to Harlesden, where he worked under Bert "Suits" Hannam. He was then transferred to Paddington, where he worked with senior first-class sergeant Tommy Butler. Because of Butler's secretive nature, he had to learn from the other first-class sergeant, Frank Gloyne. While at Paddington he was involved on the periphery of the Jack Spot case, where the "King of the Underworld" sought protection from his rival Billy Hill.

Read was promoted to detective sergeant in 1958 and transferred to Chelsea to replace Raymond Purdy, who had been shot by the burglar and blackmailer Guenther Podola. While there he was seconded to the Buckinghamshire Constabulary after the Great Train Robbery. It was his introduction to the investigation of a major crime, but also to the infighting between officers investigating such a case. After this case he was promoted to detective inspector at Leman Street. He was detective chief superintendent of the Met's Murder Squad in 1967, and the efforts of detectives led by him were responsible for the conviction of Ronnie and Reggie Kray.

In a career spanning thirty years, only one murder case he investigated, the Babes in the Wood, remained unsolved during his careerthe perpetrator confessed in 1998. Read retired from the police force in 1977.

Read held various positions as a boxing administrator, including chairman of the British Boxing Board of Control from 1976 to 2000, vice president of the World Boxing Council and vice-president of the World Boxing Association from 1989 to 2001. He also published an autobiography with the ghostwriter James Morton, Nipper (1991); the book was republished in 2001 under the name Nipper Read: The Man Who Nicked the Krays.

Personal life
Read married Marion Millar in 1951; the couple divorced in 1979. In 1980, he married Pat Allen who had worked with him on the Kray enquiry.

Read died of COVID-19 on 7 April 2020, one week after his 95th birthday. He was survived by his second wife and his daughter Maralyn from his first marriage.

In popular culture
 Read was the basis for the character Harry "Snapper" Organs, portrayed by Terry Jones, in the satirical documentary on the Piranha Brothers (themselves modelled on the Richardson Gang) from the 1970 series 2 premiere episode of Monty Python's Flying Circus ("Face the Press")
 Read was portrayed by Christopher Eccleston in the film Legend (2015)
 Read was portrayed by Danny Midwinter in the films The Rise of the Krays (2015) and The Fall of the Krays (2016)
 Read was portrayed by Stephen Moyer in the film Code of Silence (2021)

References

External links

1925 births
2020 deaths
English recipients of the Queen's Police Medal
Metropolitan Police recipients of the Queen's Police Medal
Metropolitan Police officers
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in England
Royal Navy sailors
People from Nottingham
Royal Navy personnel of World War II
Military personnel from Nottingham


title: Robert Pfarr

text:
Robert Pfarr (July 24, 1920 – October 15, 2006) was an American cyclist. He competed in the team pursuit at the 1960 Summer Olympics. Pfarr also won the Wisconsin bicycle racing championship 12 times and in 1951 he was selected to represent the United States at the Pan American Games in Buenos Aires.

References

External links

1920 births
2006 deaths
American male cyclists
American track cyclists
Olympic cyclists for the United States
Cyclists at the 1960 Summer Olympics
Sportspeople from Kenosha, Wisconsin
Cyclists from Wisconsin
Pan American Games medalists in cycling
Pan American Games gold medalists for the United States
People from Somers, Wisconsin
Sportspeople from Kenosha County, Wisconsin
Competitors at the 1959 Pan American Games
Medalists at the 1959 Pan American Games


title: Mar Contreras

text:
Mar Contreras (born Marisela Contreras Leyva on February 8, 1981) is a Mexican actress and singer.

Filmography

Discography
Sólo 5

References

External links

Facebook page of Mar Contreras

1981 births
Living people
Mexican telenovela actresses
Mexican television actresses
Mexican film actresses
Mexican stage actresses
Actresses from Sinaloa
Singers from Sinaloa
21st-century Mexican actresses
People from Culiacán
21st-century Mexican singers
21st-century Mexican women singers


title: 2013 Ethiopian Air Force An-12 crash

text:
On 9 August 2013, an Antonov An-24 operated by the Ethiopian Air Force crashed while attempting to land at Aden Abdulle International Airport in Mogadishu, Somalia. There were six crew on board, of which four perished and two survived with injuries.

Accident

The flight departed from Dire Dawa International Airport in Ethiopia at 06:00 local time that morning, commanded by Colonel Berhanu Geremew, a highly experienced pilot. It was carrying a cargo of weapons and ammunition. The aircraft was cleared for a visual approach to runway 05 in Mogadishu but crashed to the left of the runway at 07:58 local time.

Due to the location of the crash on the airport property, the Rescue Fire Fighting Service led by AMISOM firefighters and SKA airport employees were able to respond to the impact site within 90 seconds. Two crew members were rescued from the aircraft wreckage and transferred to the AMISOM Level 2 hospital with injuries. The other four crew, were killed upon impact. The aircraft was consumed and destroyed by a fire. There was no damage to the airport runway or other facilities.

The airport remained closed for nearly 7 hours due to the accident and re-opened to commercial traffic at 14:55 local time. The first departure after resumption of operations was a Turkish Airlines Airbus 321 to Djibouti and Istanbul.

Investigation

The Government of Somalia appointed a 7-person committee to investigate the accident. It contained representatives from the Ministry of Transport, Somali Civil Aviation and Meteorology Authority, Somali Police Force, National Intelligence Security Agency, Somali Air Force, SKA International Group and AMISOM. The committee presented a preliminary report that ruled out foul play as a cause of the accident. The final report is due after analysis of the black boxes recovered from the wreckage.

References

External links
SCAMA
SKA International Group

Accidents and incidents involving the Antonov An-12
Ethiopian Air Force An-12 crash
Aviation accidents and incidents in Somalia
2013 in Somalia
2010s in Mogadishu
August 2013 events in Africa
2013 disasters in Somalia


title: Charles Beck Hornby

text:
Charles Beck Hornby,  (7 February 1883 – 10 January 1949) was a British cavalryman. While serving as a captain in the 4th (Royal Irish) Dragoon Guards, he is reputed to have become the first British soldier to kill a German soldier in the First World War, at around 6:30 am on 22 August 1914, near the Belgian village of Casteau.

Early life and career
Hornby was born in Bangalore, British India, on 7 February 1883. His father, Colonel John Frederick Hornby, served with the 12th Royal Lancers.

Hornby was educated at Harrow School and was commissioned as an ensign in the 4th (Royal Irish) Dragoon Guards in 1901. He was promoted to lieutenant in 1903, and captain in 1909. He served in the Second Boer War and was the regiment's adjutant from January 1911 to January 1914.

First World War
Following the outbreak of the First World War in 1914, Hornby was sent to France with the British Expeditionary Force (BEF), as second-in-command of C Squadron of the 4th (Royal Irish) Dragoon Guards, under Major Tom Bridges. His squadron became the first unit of the BEF to engage the German army outside Mons, Belgium on 22 August 1914.

The squadron was guarding the road from Mons to Soignies, near the village of Casteau to the north-east of Mons (later to become the location of Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe). Two troops were dismounted in ambush, and two in reserve commanded by Hornby. Four patrolling German lancers—4th Cuirassiers of the 9th Cavalry Division—were reconnoitring the route around 6am on 22 August, as the advance guard of General Alexander von Kluck’s 1st Army which was about to advance on Mons.  Sensing danger, the German cavalrymen retreated and were pursued by Hornby's two reserve troops, the 1st Troop leading with swords drawn and the 4th Troop following. The Germans retreated towards a larger force of German lancers, which Hornby charged with his men. Hornby is said to have been the first to kill one of the German cavalrymen, fighting on horseback with sword against lance, reputedly using a 1908 pattern trooper's sword now held by the museum of the Yorkshire Regiment. Historian Adrian Gilbert writes that he inflicted "the first casualty on the enemy by a soldier from the BEF."  While author Douglas d'Enno was "the first British soldier to kill a German soldier."  On the centenary of this action, in 2014, The Yorkshire Regiment museum wrote that Trooper Edward Thomas fired the first rifle shot of the British Army of WW1 and that Hornby's sword, "reputed to be the sword used in the very first encounter of WW1."  Authors Desmond and Jean Bowen note that the historian of the 4th/7th Dragoon Guards says that Thomas "undoubtedly fired the first British shot of the war ... [while] Hornby was the first man to kill a German."

After further pursuit, the Germans turned to shoot at the British cavalry, supported by a force of jägers. The 4th Troop dismounted to provide covering fire for the 1st Troop, and Drummer Edward Thomas is reputed to have fired the first shot of the war for the British Army, hitting a German cavalryman.

For his efforts, Captain Hornby was awarded the Distinguished Service Order, gazetted in February 1915, but he was seriously wounded a few weeks after the engagement. He was promoted to major in March 1916, with effect from August 1915, and served in the War Office in England as GSO Grade 3 in 1916 and 1917. He was mentioned in despatches twice, and awarded the French Croix de Guerre in 1917. He went on half-pay due to illness caused by wounds in July 1917, and retired from the army in 1922.

A monument to the action was unveiled in Belgium on 22 August 1939.

Later life
Hornby married Dorothy Henderson in 1914. They had four daughters. He survived the war, and served as a Justice of the Peace from 1924, becoming vice-chairman of the bench of magistrates in Hexham. He served in the rank of captain with the 4th/7th Royal Dragoon Guards in the Royal Armoured Corps the Second World War, from February 1941 to April 1943.

Hornby died in Hexham in Northumberland, with an obituary published in The Times.

Notes

 - Total pages: 331
 - Total pages: 176
 - Total pages: 312

Further reading
 Obituary, "Major C. B. Hornby." The Times, 12 January 1949
 Riding the Retreat: Mons to the Marne 1914 Revisited, Richard Holmes, p. 113–114
 The VC and DSO Volume II, p. 361

1883 births
1949 deaths
British Army personnel of the Second Boer War
British Army personnel of World War I
British Army personnel of World War II
Companions of the Distinguished Service Order
Military personnel from Bangalore
Military personnel of British India
People educated at Harrow School
Recipients of the Croix de Guerre 1914–1918 (France)
4th Royal Irish Dragoon Guards officers
4th/7th Royal Dragoon Guards officers


title: Kurt Garschal

text:
Kurt Garschal (born 11 August 1941) is an Austrian former cyclist. He competed in the team pursuit at the 1960 Summer Olympics.

References

External links

1941 births
Living people
Austrian male cyclists
Olympic cyclists for Austria
Cyclists at the 1960 Summer Olympics
Cyclists from Vienna


Details of the 2014 All-Ireland Under-21 B Hurling Championship.

Overview

Kerry are the defending champions, having beaten Kildare in the 2013 All-Ireland final.

Fixtures/results

Connacht Under-21 B Hurling Championship

Leinster Under-21 A Hurling Championship

Ulster Under-21 Hurling Shield

All-Ireland Under-21 B Hurling Championship

External links
 All-Ireland Under-21 B Hurling fixtures
 Leinster Under-21 A Hurling Championship fixtures
 Ulster Under-21 Hurling Shield results

References

2014 in hurling


title: Marcel Marcilloux

text:
Marcel Marcilloux (born 3 October 1980) is a retired French foil fencer, team World champion in 2006 and 2007. He took part in the men's team foil event of the 2012 Summer Olympics. France were defeated in the quarter-finals by the United States and finished 8th.

External links

 Profile at the European Fencing Confederation

French male foil fencers
1980 births
Living people
Olympic fencers for France
Fencers at the 2012 Summer Olympics
Sportspeople from Aix-en-Provence


title: Theodor Hosemann

text:
Friedrich Wilhelm Heinrich Theodor Hosemann (24 September 1807, Brandenburg an der Havel – 15 October 1875, Berlin) was a German genre painter, draftsman, illustrator and caricaturist.

Life
Hosemann was the son of an officer in the Prussian Army and moved about frequently until, at the age of twelve, he was apprenticed to the lithography firm of Arnz & Winckelmann in Düsseldorf. Three years later, he was already employed as a draftsman for a salary of 200 Thalers annually. At the same time, he attended the Düsseldorf Art Academy.

In 1828, Winckelmann went into business on his own, later forming a publishing company called Winckelmann and Sons in Berlin. Hosemann went with him as Chief Illustrator for double his previous salary. That year, he provided many drawings for children's books and by 1830 was well known for his humorous drawings. He was soon providing illustrations for several publishers. From 1834 to 1852, he enjoyed a fruitful collaboration with the satirist Adolf Glassbrenner; most notably a series of 32 books entitled Berlin wie es ist und – trinkt (Berlin As It Is and - Drunk).

From 1842 to 1855, he was a member of a literary society called Tunnel über der Spree, where he was known as "Hogarth". In the 1850s, he was also associated with the group Rütli, editing their yearbook and providing engraved illustrations.

In 1857, he was appointed a Professor at the Prussian Academy of Arts and became a full member in 1860. The well-known illustrator and photographer Heinrich Zille was one of his students.

In 1910, a street in the Pankow district of Berlin was named in his honor.

Illustrations
A large collection of his illustrations have been digitalized by the University and State Library Düsseldorf, including the collected works of E. T. A. Hoffmann:
 E. T. A. Hoffmann’s gesammelte Schriften. Mit Federzeichnungen von Theodor Hosemann. Reinmer, Berlin 1857.
 Bd. 3: Die Serapion-Brüder.
 Bd. 4: Die Serapion-Brüder.
 Bd. 5: Nachtstücke.
 Bd. 6: Die Elixiere des Teufels: Nachgelassene Papiere des Bruders Medardus, eines Capuziners.
 Bd. 7: Fantasiestücke in Callot’s Manier: Blätter aus dem Tagebuch eines reisenden Enthusiasten.
 Bd. 8: Lebens-Ansichten des Katers Murr: nebst fragmentarischer Biographie des Kapllmeistern Johannes Kreisler in zufälligen Makulaturblättern.
 Bd. 11: E.T.A. Hoffmann’s Erzählungen aus seinen letzten Lebensjahren: Theil 1.
 Bd. 12: E.T.A. Hoffmann’s Erzählungen aus seinen letzten Lebensjahren: Theil 2.

The complete collection may be found in the corresponding article on German Wikipedia.

References

Further reading
 Lothar Brieger: Theodor Hosemann. Ein Altmeister Berliner Malerei. with a catalog by Karl Hobrecker. Delphin-Verlag, Munich, 1920.
 Hans Ludwig: Theodor Hosemann. Eulenspiegel-Verlag, Berlin (DDR) 1973 (other editions: Rogner und Bernhard, Munich 1974; Eulenspiegel-Verlag, Berlin 1980 and 1987; Stapp, Berlin 1981)

External links

 Short biography @ Laokoon-in-Berlin

1807 births
1875 deaths
19th-century German painters
19th-century German male artists
German male painters
German illustrators
Kunstakademie Düsseldorf alumni
German caricaturists
People from Brandenburg an der Havel
Academic staff of the Prussian Academy of Arts


title: 1940 Sun Bowl

text:
The 1940 Sun Bowl was a post-season college football bowl game between The Catholic University of America (CUA) Cardinals and the Bulldogs from the Arizona State Teachers College at Tempe (now Arizona State University) on January 1, 1940.  Despite predictions that it would be one of the highest scoring of any of the bowl games that year, it is the only scoreless tie in the history of the Sun Bowl.

Regular season
Both were "Cinderella" teams, with Arizona State not having won a single in-conference game the season before and the Cardinals faced an "inauspicious preseason lineup."  During the season Arizona State scored 212 points and gave up 56.  CUA scored 299 and gave up 73.  The game was supposed to decide "the old question of whether a good little team can beat a good big one."

Arizona State
Despite Arizona's State's troubles in 1939, they went undefeated in 1940 in Border Conference.  Wayne "Ripper" Pitts was the leading scorer in the Border Conference.  Pitts punted the ball 45 times during the season, and on 39 occasions the opposing team was not able to gain a single yard on the play.  Before the game Joe Hernandez was "said to be impossible to catch" and scored touchdowns off three opening kickoffs.

The Bulldogs had two losses during the season, to Hardin–Simmons University and to the San Diego Marines. Coach Dixie Howell was credited for bringing his team "out of the so-so class and right into the Sun Bowl game at El Paso."  Two years prior, when the "'miracle' coach" took the job, the team was "at the bottom of the conference heap."

Catholic University
CUA had a "colorful outfit" with the Piro brothers, Carmen and Rocco, a "trio of flashy halfbacks" including a "full blooded Indian," and "a drop kicking tackle called—of all names—Casmir Ksycewski (pronounced "Sneeze.)"  Cardinals coach Dutch Bergman used a modified Notre Dame system by retaining the best features of the methods he learned from Notre Dame coach Knute Rockne and added some fancy ones of his own."  As a result, commentators said, the "Cardinal attack is much more deceptive than the customary Notre Dame attack."

Had they gone undefeated, the Cardinals likely would have received invitations to the Orange Bowl, where they played in 1936, and to the Sugar Bowl, but they lost to Saint Anselm College at Fenway Park in Boston halfway through the season.  St. Anselm did not play the week before "because the Cards were 'the' team on its schedule" and they wanted two weeks to prepare for them.  After that loss, the Cards did "not lift a hand to get a bowl bid," and even after the reports that the team had accepted the invitation Bergman was not sure if they would.

Lead up to the game

Invitation
As early as October news reports were talking about the Cardinals returning to the Orange Bowl in Miami, where they won in 1936 and where the team was "tremendously popular."  A Washington Post sports reporter even went so far as to tell readers before Halloween that he would "see you all in Miami New Year's."

Newspapers reported on December 2, 1939, that CUA accepted an invitation to play in the Sun Bowl, but as of that time no invitation had even reached Bergman.  It was finally received on December 7, and accepted the same day.  Previously, Georgetown University had been invited to play in the game, but they turned in down in hopes of a better offer.  The Hoyas did not play in any bowl game that year.

The Teachers College had been selected "some time before" with the AP reporting they would play as early as November 29.  As Border Conference champions, they automatically got a bid, and were officially invited at a banquet in Phoenix given in the team's honor.

Pre-game preparations
After accepting the invitation, the Cardinals had trouble practicing.  Most of the players did not get out of classes until 4:30, and due to a cloudy streak the skies were dark by the time the players reached the field.

Bergman prohibited his players from going home for Christmas, but did plan a series of events for the players,  including hosting a Christmas party and dance on December 23.  At the party, Cod Fotton, the line coach and former player at Notre Dame, dressed up as Santa Claus.

A jukebox was procured for the party, but Bergman was "stumped" when he had to choose the records.  He polled the team, and they chose, among others, "South of the Border" due to El Paso's proximity to Mexico, Silent Night, Jingle Bells, and "Jumpin Jive."  Bergman "moaned" to The Washington Post that "you have got be a combined diplomat, coach, Toscanini and Shirley Povich these days to run a football team."

Trip to Texas
After word got out that the Cardinals had accepted an invitation to the game, so many railroad agents began calling upon Bergman that "the gym began to resemble an unemployment bureau."  He then had the task of "diplomatically choosing" the cities to stop in along the way as scores sent invitations and wanted to host receptions for the team.

The Cardinals left in a snowstorm and traveled by way of St. Louis and Fort Worth, where they practiced as the guests of the Saint Louis Billikens and on the Texas Christian University campus.  Snow in St. Louis forced the team to practice in the gymnasium, instead of on the field.  In Missouri they picked up 60 gallons of mountain spring water to drink during the rest of the trip.  In addition to the 33 players, five coaches and managers, three newspapermen made the journey.

After arriving in Texas, the Cardinals were feted at a banquet given by the Fort Worth Chamber of Commerce.  While in Fort Worth, the Cardinals were coached by TCU's Sammy Baugh, a Washington Redskins teammate of Cardinals assistant coach Wayne Millner's.  Both Baugh and Millner would eventually be inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame.  The team was transported to and from the TCU stadium by members of the local Knights of Columbus.  After their practice in Ft. Worth they were hosted in a luncheon at the Hotel Texas in which a large group of civic leaders, including members of the Knights of Columbus, Mayor T. J. Harrell, the president of TCU, and Amon G. Carter.

Welcome in El Paso
The CUA team made their way to El Paso where a welcoming committee of several hundred government and civic leaders met the train.  The "gaily dressed" delegation, a group of cowboy-garbed, pistol-toting rancheros—a cowboy organization devoted to fancy shirts and spotted ponies," was on hand when the train pulled in at 6:30 a.m.  Many wore 10-gallon hats and shot off six shooters, leaving the Cardinal team "open mouthed with astonishment."

The team was taken to the Hotel Cortez for breakfast where they were joined by 400 revelers for lunch, while an additional 200 were turned away.  Later that day, the Optimist Club and 500 guests held a lunch in honor of Bergman, his assistant coaches, and co-captains Rocco Pirro and Al Calabrese.  In attendance was Governor John E. Miles of New Mexico, Lt. Governor Coke Stevens of Texas, Congressman R.E. Thomason, several prominent citizens, and the 1939 Sun Bowl queen and her court.

The Bulldogs arrived a day later.

Sun Carnival
During the week before the game, El Paso celebrated the Sun Bowl Carnival with a theme of "Old Timers Day."  There were 50,000 visitors in El Paso that week, and 25,000 were expected for the parade on New Year's morning.  The daughter of Governor Bob Jones of Arizona was the grand marshal of the parade.  The executive director of the Carnival was Dr. C.M. Hendricks.

Each member of the Sun Court was to represent an organization, but CUA did not admit female students at the time.  Bergman coached at New Mexico State University from 1920 to 1923, and he called upon them to provide a co-ed to be CUA's proxy princess.  The students of that school selected Mary Louise Armstrong.  From the Sun Court, Jean Miller from Christian College in Columbia, Missouri, was chosen queen.

Howell was seen before the game "resplendent in a flowing red cowboy neckerchief."

Pre-game excitement
Every seat to the game, more than 15,000, was sold before it started.  The local press was focused on the two fullbacks, the leading scorers in their respective conferences.    Arizona State's most valuable player, Wayne "Ripper" Pitts, was described as "200 pounds of smashing, bruising, ball carrier and ace blocker," while   Catholic's Rocco Pirro was called a "5-foot 10-inch and 185-pound Arizona jackrabbit."

Catholic was favored going into the game by 7–5 odds, despite Arizona State having "edges over their visitors and weight, speed and condition."  Washington Post columnist Jack Munhall told readers that "as the technical side of the game shapes up it should be a battle of Notre Dame offenses between a pair of comparatively small and exceptionally speedy elevens."

While in town for the game, the Cardinals stayed at the Texas State School of Mines and Metallurgy.

Game summary

While both teams were at full strength and it was predicted to be one of the highest scoring games of the year, it ended up being the only scoreless tie in the Sun Bowl history.

It was a "hard-fought but dull contest that provided little thrills" and one where neither team got within their opponents 5-yard line.  Early in the game the Bulldogs were able to get inside the Cardinals' 10, but a series of bad passes ended their chances of scoring.  A 54-yard drive by the Bulldogs was the longest of the day, and ended when they fumbled on the Cardinals' 48.

Game play was impeded by "gale-like wind," and only 16 yards were gained by passes.  They were all thrown by Catholic's quarterback Pete Sachon, who had 15 attempts and three completions.  None of the seven attempted passes made by the Bulldogs' quarterback Shamlen met their intended receiver as their "passing attack failed completely."

With less than two minutes left in the game, Arizona State missed a field goal from their own 42.  Catholic took over the ball, but were stymied as "the desperate Bulldogs were pulling interceptions out of their hats."

Governor Bob Jones of Arizona was in attendance.

Post-game
In post-game analysis, both coaches told the press they believed they had the better team.  Dixie Howell said of his Bulldogs he believed "we would have won if we had gotten a break at the right time."  Bergman called the game a "flop," saying his team "didn't play our top game by any means.  I think we are capable of beating Tempe six days out of the week."

After the game, Knights of Columbus in El Paso took the Cardinals over the border for lunch in the "squalid but colorful Mexican town" of Ciudad Juárez.

References

External links
 Official recap

Sun Bowl
Sun Bowl
Arizona State Sun Devils football bowl games
Catholic University Cardinals football bowl games
January 1940 sports events
Sun Bowl


title: Prime Minister of Azad Kashmir

text:
The prime minister of Azad Kashmir (Urdu: وزِیرِ اعظم آزاد کشمیر, romanized: Wazīr ē Aʿẓam lit. 'Grand Vizier', Urdu pronunciation: [ʋəˈziːr-ˌeː ˈɑː.zəm]) is the chief executive of Azad Jammu and Kashmir region of Pakistan. The title of Prime Minister symbolizes the nominal independence of Azad Kashmir. The prime minister heads the Council of Ministers, who are members of the Azad Kashmir Legislative Assembly, the PM too is elected by the AJK Legislative Assembly which is directly elected by the people.

List of prime ministers

Timeline

See also
 Government of Azad Kashmir
 President of Azad Kashmir

References

Provincial Governments of Pakistan

Government of Azad Kashmir
Azad Kashmir-related lists
Azad Kashmir


title: Dream5

text:
Dream5 was a Japanese co-ed group that was active from 2009 to 2016.

Summary
In March 2009, over 1,500 singers auditioned on the Japanese TV show "Tensai-TVkun-MAX(NHK)" to become members of a new pop band. 13 members reached the final audition, and five were selected to form the group.
On November 4. 2009, they released first single "I don't obey〜Bokura-no-Pride〜"

In March 2016, Momona Tamakawa announced that she would be leaving the group because of self-esteem issues. On December 26, 2016 the group announced they would disband at the end of 2016 and the beginning of 2017.

Members
Kotori Shigemoto
Mikoto Hibi
Akira Takano
Yūno Ōhara
Momona Tamakawa

Discography

Albums
RUN TO THE FUTURE(2010)
DAYS(2011)
Magokoro to you (2013)
 Dream5 5th Anniversary Single Collection(2015)
 COLORS'' (2016)

Singles
"I don't obey～Bokura-no-Pride～(2009)"
"Bokura no Natsu！！(2010)"
"Koi no Dial 6700" (2011)
"Like & Peace！(2011)"
"Kirakira Every day(2012)"
"I★my★me★mine / EZ Do Dance" (2012)
"READY GO!! / Wake Me Up!(2012)"
"Shekimeki！(2012)"
"COME ON！/ Doremifa-sorairo(2013)"
"Hop! Step! Dance↑↑(2013)"
"We are Dreamer(2013)"
"Break Out / Youkai Taisou Daiichi" (2014)
"Don-Don-Dooby-Zoo-Bah!" (2014)
"Yo-kai Exercise No. 2" (2015)

References

External links

2009 establishments in Japan
Avex Trax artists
Musical groups established in 2009
Musical groups disestablished in 2016


title: Stephen Condit House

text:
The Stephen Condit House is a historic house located on Beverwyck Road in Parsippany, New Jersey. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on February 15, 1974.

References

National Register of Historic Places in Morris County, New Jersey
Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in New Jersey
Victorian architecture in New Jersey
Houses completed in 1870
Parsippany-Troy Hills, New Jersey
Houses in Morris County, New Jersey
New Jersey Register of Historic Places


title: Henri Vilbert

text:
Henri Vilbert (6 April 1904 – 20 April 1997) was a French actor. He appeared in more than a hundred films from 1921 to 1982.

Filmography

References

External links

1904 births
1997 deaths
20th-century French male actors
French male film actors
French male television actors
Male actors from Marseille
Volpi Cup for Best Actor winners


title: Microservices

text:
In software engineering, a microservice architecture is a variant of the service-oriented architecture structural style. It is an architectural pattern that arranges an application as a collection of loosely coupled, fine-grained services, communicating through lightweight protocols. One of its goals is that teams can develop and deploy their services independently of others. This is achieved by the reduction of several dependencies in the code base, allowing developers to evolve their services with limited restrictions from users, and for additional complexity to be hidden from users. As a consequence, organizations are able to develop software with fast growth and size, as well as use off-the-shelf services more easily. Communication requirements are reduced. These benefits come at a cost to maintaining the decoupling. Interfaces need to be designed carefully and treated as a public API. One technique that is used is having multiple interfaces on the same service, or multiple versions of the same service, so as to not disrupt existing users of the code.

Introduction
There is no single definition for microservices. A consensus view has evolved over time in the industry. Some of the defining characteristics that are frequently cited include:

 Services in a microservice architecture are often processes that communicate over a network to fulfill a goal using technology-agnostic protocols such as HTTP.
 Services are organized around business capabilities.
 Services can be implemented using different programming languages, databases, hardware and software environments, depending on what fits best.
 Services are small in size, messaging-enabled, bounded by contexts, autonomously developed, independently deployable, decentralized and built and released with automated processes.

A microservice is not a layer within a monolithic application (for example, the web controller or the backend-for-frontend). Rather, it is a self-contained piece of business functionality with clear interfaces, and may, through its own internal components, implement a layered architecture. From a strategic perspective, microservice architecture essentially follows the Unix philosophy of "Do one thing and do it well". Martin Fowler describes a microservices-based architecture as having the following properties:
 Lends itself to a continuous delivery software development process. A change to a small part of the application only requires rebuilding and redeploying only one or a small number of services.
 Adheres to principles such as fine-grained interfaces (to independently deployable services), business-driven development (e.g. domain-driven design).

It is common for microservices architectures to be adopted for cloud-native applications, serverless computing, and applications using lightweight container deployment. According to Fowler, because of the large number (when compared to monolithic application implementations) of services, decentralized continuous delivery and DevOps with holistic service monitoring are necessary to effectively develop, maintain, and operate such applications. A consequence of (and rationale for) following this approach is that the individual microservices can be individually scaled. In the monolithic approach, an application supporting three functions would have to be scaled in its entirety even if only one of these functions had a resource constraint. With microservices, only the microservice supporting the function with resource constraints needs to be scaled out, thus providing resource and cost optimization benefits.

History
There are numerous claims as to the origin of the term microservices. Whilst vice president of ThoughtWorks in 2004, Fred George began working on prototype architectures based on what he called the "Baysean Principles" named after Jeff Bay.

As early as 2005, Peter Rodgers introduced the term "Micro-Web-Services" during a presentation at the Web Services Edge conference. Against conventional thinking and at the height of the SOAP service-oriented architecture (SOA) hype curve he argued for "REST-services" and on slide #4 of the conference presentation, he discusses "Software components are Micro-Web-Services". He goes on to say "Micro-Services are composed using Unix-like pipelines (the Web meets Unix = true loose-coupling). Services can call services (+multiple language run-times). Complex service assemblies are abstracted behind simple URI interfaces. Any service, at any granularity, can be exposed." He described how a well-designed microservices platform "applies the underlying architectural principles of the Web and REST services together with Unix-like scheduling and pipelines to provide radical flexibility and improved simplicity in service-oriented architectures.

Rodgers' work originated in 1999 with the Dexter research project at Hewlett Packard Labs, whose aim was to make code less brittle and to make large-scale, complex software systems robust to change. Ultimately this path of research led to the development of resource-oriented computing (ROC), a generalized computation abstraction in which REST is a special subset.

In 2007, Juval Löwy in his writing and speaking called for building systems in which every class was a service. Löwy realized this required the use of a technology that can support such granular use of services, and he extended Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) to do just that, taking every class and treating it as a service while maintaining the conventional programming model of classes.

In 2005 Alistair Cockburn wrote about hexagonal architecture which is a software design pattern that is used along with the microservices. This pattern makes the design of the microservice possible since it isolates in layers the business logic from the auxiliary services needed in order to deploy and run the microservice completely independent from others.

A workshop of software architects held near Venice in May 2011 used the term "microservice" to describe what the participants saw as a common architectural style that many of them had been recently exploring. In May 2012, the same group decided on "microservices" as the most appropriate name. James Lewis presented some of those ideas as a case study in March 2012 at 33rd Degree in Kraków in Microservices - Java, the Unix Way, as did Fred George about the same time. Adrian Cockcroft, former director for the Cloud Systems at Netflix, described this approach as "fine-grained SOA", pioneered the style at web-scale, as did many of the others mentioned in this article - Joe Walnes, Dan North, Evan Bottcher, and Graham Tackley.

Microservices is a specialization of an implementation approach for service-oriented architectures used to build flexible, independently deployable software systems. The microservices approach is the first realisation of SOA that followed the introduction of DevOps and is becoming more popular for building continuously deployed systems.

In February 2020, the Cloud Microservices Market Research Report predicted that the global microservice architecture market size will increase at a CAGR of 21.37% from 2019 to 2026 and reach $3.1 billion by 2026.

Service granularity
A key step in defining a microservice architecture is figuring out how big an individual microservice has to be. There is no consensus or litmus test for this, as the right answer depends on the business and organizational context. For instance, Amazon uses a service-oriented architecture where service often maps 1:1 with a team of 3 to 10 engineers. Generally, the terminology goes as such: services that are dedicated to a single task, such as calling a particular backend system or making a particular type of calculation, are called atomic services. Similarly, services that call such atomic services in order to consolidate an output, are called composite services.

It is considered bad practice to make the service too small, as then the runtime overhead and the operational complexity can overwhelm the benefits of the approach. When things get too fine-grained, alternative approaches must be considered - such as packaging the function as a library, moving the function into other microservices.

If domain-driven design is being employed in modeling the domain for which the system is being built, then a microservice could be as small as an aggregate or as large as a bounded Context.

In the granularity of microservices discussion, there is a spectrum, in one end there are the Anaemic Services, which do not have a large number of responsibilities, and on the other end, the Modular Monolith, which are large modules of a system.

Benefits
The benefit of decomposing an application into different smaller services are numerous:
 Modularity: This makes the application easier to understand, develop, test, and become more resilient to architecture erosion. This benefit is often argued in comparison to the complexity of monolithic architectures.

 Scalability: Since microservices are implemented and deployed independently of each other, i.e. they run within independent processes, they can be monitored and scaled independently.

 Integration of heterogeneous and legacy systems: microservices is considered a viable means for modernizing existing monolithic software application.  There are experience reports of several companies who have successfully replaced (parts of) their existing software with microservices or are in the process of doing so. The process for software modernization of legacy applications is done using an incremental approach.
 Distributed development: it parallelizes development by enabling small autonomous teams to develop, deploy and scale their respective services independently. It also allows the architecture of an individual service to emerge through continuous refactoring. Microservice-based architectures facilitate continuous integration, continuous delivery and deployment.

Criticism and concerns
The microservices approach is subject to criticism for a number of issues:
 Services form information barriers.
 Inter-service calls over a network have a higher cost in terms of network latency and message processing time than in-process calls within a monolithic service process.
 Testing and deployment are more complicated.
 Moving responsibilities between services is more difficult. It may involve communication between different teams, rewriting the functionality in another language or fitting it into a different infrastructure. However, microservices can be deployed independently from the rest of the application, while teams working on monoliths need to synchronize to deploy together.
 Viewing the size of services as the primary structuring mechanism can lead to too many services when the alternative of internal modularization may lead to a simpler design. This requires understanding the overall architecture of the applications and interdependencies between components.
 Two-phased commits are regarded as an anti-pattern in microservices-based architectures, resulting in a tighter coupling of all the participants within the transaction. However, the lack of this technology causes awkward dances which have to be implemented by all the transaction participants in order to maintain data consistency.
 Development and support of many services are more challenging if they are built with different tools and technologies - this is especially a problem if engineers move between projects frequently.
 The protocol typically used with microservices (HTTP) was designed for public-facing services, and as such is unsuitable for working internal microservices that often must be impeccably reliable.
 While not specific to microservices, the decomposition methodology often uses functional decomposition, which does not handle changes in the requirements while still adding the complexity of services.
 The very concept of microservice is misleading since there are only services. There is no sound definition of when a service starts or stops being a microservice.
 Data aggregation. In order to have a full view of a working system, it is required to extract data sets from the microservices repositories and aggregate them into a single schema. For example, to be able to create operational reports that are not possible using a single microservice repository.

Cognitive load
The architecture introduces additional complexity and new problems to deal with, such as network latency, message format design, backup/availability/consistency (BAC), load balancing and fault tolerance. All of these problems have to be addressed at scale. The complexity of a monolithic application does not disappear if it is re-implemented as a set of microservices. Some of the complexity gets translated into operational complexity. Other places where the complexity manifests itself are increased network traffic and resulting in slower performance. Also, an application made up of any number of microservices has a larger number of interface points to access its respective ecosystem, which increases the architectural complexity. Various organizing principles (such as hypermedia as the engine of application state (HATEOAS), interface and data model documentation captured via Swagger, etc.) have been applied to reduce the impact of such additional complexity.

Technologies

Computer microservices can be implemented in different programming languages and might use different infrastructures. Therefore, the most important technology choices are the way microservices communicate with each other (synchronous, asynchronous, UI integration) and the protocols used for the communication (RESTful HTTP, messaging, GraphQL ...). In a traditional system, most technology choices like the programming language impact the whole system. Therefore, the approach to choosing technologies is quite different.

The Eclipse Foundation has published a specification for developing microservices, Eclipse MicroProfile.

Service mesh

In a service mesh, each service instance is paired with an instance of a reverse proxy server, called a service proxy, sidecar proxy, or sidecar. The service instance and sidecar proxy share a container, and the containers are managed by a container orchestration tool such as Kubernetes, Nomad, Docker Swarm, or DC/OS. The service proxies are responsible for communication with other service instances and can support capabilities such as service (instance) discovery, load balancing, authentication and authorization, secure communications, and others.

In a service mesh, the service instances and their sidecar proxies are said to make up the data plane, which includes not only data management but also request processing and response. The service mesh also includes a control plane for managing the interaction between services, mediated by their sidecar proxies.

A comparison of platforms
Implementing a microservice architecture is very difficult. There are many concerns (see table below) that any microservice architecture needs to address. Netflix developed a microservice framework to support their internal applications, and then open-sourced many portions of that framework. Many of these tools have been popularized via the Spring Framework – they have been re-implemented as Spring-based tools under the umbrella of the Spring Cloud project. The table below shows a comparison of an implementing feature from the Kubernetes ecosystem with an equivalent from the Spring Cloud world. One noteworthy aspect of the Spring Cloud ecosystem is that they are all Java-based technologies, whereas Kubernetes is a polyglot runtime platform.

See also

 Conway's law
 Cross-cutting concern
 Data mesh, a domain-oriented data architecture
 DevOps
 Fallacies of distributed computing
 GraphQL
 gRPC
 Representational state transfer (REST)
 Service-oriented architecture (SOA)
 Microfrontend
 Unix philosophy
 Self-contained system (software)
 Serverless computing
 Web-oriented architecture (WOA)

References

Further reading
 Special theme issue on microservices, IEEE Software 35(3), May/June 2018, https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/tocresult.jsp?isnumber=8354413
 I. Nadareishvili et al., Microservices Architecture – Aligning Principles, Practices and Culture, O'Reilly, 2016,
 S. Newman, Building Microservices – Designing Fine-Grained Systems, O'Reilly, 2015
 Wijesuriya, Viraj Brian (2016-08-29) Microservice Architecture, Lecture Notes - University of Colombo School of Computing, Sri Lanka
 Christudas Binildas (June 27, 2019). Practical Microservices Architectural Patterns: Event-Based Java Microservices with Spring Boot and Spring Cloud. Apress. .

Architectural pattern (computer science)
Service-oriented (business computing)


title: Moses Barron

text:
Moses Barron (188422 December 1974) was a medical doctor and researcher. Born in Russia, he was brought to the United States by his parents at age 5 and grew up in Minnesota. He received a medical degree from the University of Minnesota in 1911. He served as a medical officer in France in World War 1, and later became a Clinical Professor of Medicine at the University of Minnesota. In 1920 he published an article, "The relation of the Islets of Langerhans to Diabetes," which noted the importance of the islet cells of the pancreas in relation to diabetes. It inspired Dr. Frederick Banting's research in diabetes, which led to the Nobel Prize winning discovery of insulin as a treatment for diabetes. Barron retired as professor in 1952.

Dr. Moses Barron became Mount Sinai Hospital's first Chief of Staff in February 1951. The seven-story, 197 bed facility was the most modern hospital in the community at the time. Its creation served two purposes: Jewish physicians who had been denied admitting privileges at other city hospitals could now practice medicine, and the founders garnered enormous civic prestige. It was the first private non-sectarian hospital in the community to accept members of minority races on its medical staff. The hospital was located at Chicago Avenue at 22nd St. In 1990 it merged with Metropolitan Medical Center to become Metropolitan-Mount Sinai; in 1991 they closed their doors.

References

External links
 Diabetes history

1884 births
1974 deaths
Physicians from Minnesota
University of Minnesota Medical School alumni
Emigrants from the Russian Empire to the United States
American people of Russian-Jewish descent


title: Brighton Beach Memoirs (film)

text:
Brighton Beach Memoirs is a 1986 American comedy film directed by Gene Saks, written by Neil Simon, and starring Jonathan Silverman and Blythe Danner. The film is adapted from Simon's semi-autobiographical 1982 play of the same title, the first chapter of what is known as the Eugene trilogy, followed by the adaptations Biloxi Blues and Broadway Bound.

Set in the Brighton Beach section of Brooklyn, New York during The Great Depression, this coming-of-age comedy focuses on Eugene Jerome, a Polish-Jewish American teenager who experiences puberty, sexual awakening, and a search for identity as he tries to deal with his family, including his older brother Stanley, his parents Kate and Jack, Kate's widowed sister Blanche, and her two daughters, Nora and Laurie. The film frequently breaks the fourth wall by having Eugene speak directly to the camera.

Plot
In September 1937, Eugene Jerome is almost 15 and lives in a Jewish-American household in Brighton Beach with his parents Kate and Jack, his 18-year-old brother Stanley, his widowed, asthmatic aunt Blanche Morton, and her two daughters, pretty 16-year-old Nora and sickly 13-year-old Laurie. Blanche is Kate's sister, and after being widowed in her 30s, she and her daughters moved in with the Jeromes, causing Jack to take a second job to support the enlarged household. The extended family lives on the money from Jack's two jobs and Stanley's job at a men's hat shop.

Each member of the family has their own personal problems and concerns, which end up affecting the other family members. Eugene, who hopes to go to college and become a writer, is obsessed with baseball and attempting to see a well-developed girl naked, spying on both Nora and a sexy older woman neighbor. Jack loses his second job and is forced to work nights as a cab driver, until he has a heart attack and must stop working entirely to rest. Jack also worries about his cousin and other relatives who still live in Poland, due to the ominous news bulletins coming from pre-World War II Europe. Stanley dislikes his job, but hesitates to quit because the family needs his salary and he doesn't want to put more stress on Jack, whom he fears might die. Kate is fed up with the pressure of trying to take care of everyone, including her sister Blanche, who lacks confidence and is mutually attracted to the Jeromes' Irish neighbor Frank Murphy, who sometimes drinks. Blanche grieves her late husband and struggles with raising her daughters, especially Nora, who aspires to a Broadway career and wants to accept a well-known producer's offer of an audition. Blanche, finally forced to make a decision, forbids Nora from auditioning, telling her she needs to finish high school first.

Frank invites Blanche on a date, which she accepts despite Kate's disapproval. On the night of the date, Nora retaliates against her mother by leaving the house, causing Blanche to break down in tears right before Frank is due to arrive. Frank's mother, Mrs. Murphy, then sadly lets Blanche know that Frank won't be able to keep the date because he had a car accident while inebriated, is in the hospital, will likely face drunk driving charges, and then the Murphys will be moving away to get Frank help for his drinking problem. Meanwhile, Stanley confesses to his mother Kate that he gambled and lost his entire weekly paycheck trying to make up for the family's loss of Jack's wages. Stanley then leaves home to join the Army. Kate and Blanche argue over Kate's lack of sympathy for the Murphys, and Blanche plans to move out the next day, get her own job and apartment, and send for her daughters as soon as possible.

Nora and Stanley (who at the last minute decides not to join the Army because his father needs him) both return home and are reunited with their respective parents. Kate and Blanche reconcile, and Kate suggests that Blanche remain with the family while she looks for a job, and also that Blanche should move into the Murphys' soon-to-be-vacant apartment across the street. To thank Eugene for his brotherly support, Stanley gives him a picture of a beautiful naked woman. Jack receives the good news that his Polish relatives have escaped from their country and are en route to New York, and the Jeromes excitedly plan for these new additions to their household.

Cast
 Jonathan Silverman - Eugene Morris Jerome, almost 15
 Blythe Danner - Kate Jerome, about 40: Eugene's mother, a strong Jewish matriarch
 Bob Dishy - Jacob "Jack" Jerome, about 40: Eugene's father
 Judith Ivey - Blanche Morton, 38: Eugene's widowed aunt
 Brian Drillinger - Stanley Jerome, 18½: Eugene's older brother
 Stacey Glick - Laurie Morton, 13: Eugene's younger cousin
 Lisa Waltz - Nora Morton, 16½: Eugene's beautiful older cousin
 James Handy - Frank Murphy

Reception
Brighton Beach Memoirs holds a score of 71% on Rotten Tomatoes based on 14 reviews.

Roger Ebert, in his review for the Chicago Sun-Times, gave the film two stars out of four and wrote: "The movie feels so plotted, so constructed, so written, that I found myself thinking maybe they shouldn't have filmed the final draft of the screenplay. Maybe there was an earlier draft that was a little disorganized and unpolished, but still had the jumble of life in it.... The movie was directed by Gene Saks, who directs many of Simon's plays on both the stage and the screen, and whose gift is for the theater. His plays have the breath of life; his movies feel like the official authorized version. Everything is by the numbers".

Gene Siskel of the Chicago Tribune also awarded two stars out of four and noted "a general softening of the tension in the Jerome household [from the play] ... Here on film the pathos is missing, and all we are left with is jokes badly performed by a weak central character".

Janet Maslin of The New York Times wrote that the play "has become a film of surprisingly gentle charms. Mr. Simon's humor is much in evidence, but it is not the film's strongest selling point. Even more effective are the sense of a place and a way of life long vanished and the care and affection with which they have been summoned up". Variety declared: "'Brighton Beach Memoirs' emerges as one of the more successful transfers of a Neil Simon play to the screen ... Overall impact is mild, but very pleasantly so".

Michael Wilmington of the Los Angeles Times wrote: "'Brighton Beach Memoirs' may be one of Simon's best plays, but the film's heart seems to be beating in a plastic wrapper. There's a kind of glace over everything, a sugary show-biz coat that dulls your taste buds. Everything is bigger, brighter and broader than it should be—though remnants of that simpler, more honest story often peek through". Paul Attanasio of The Washington Post called the film "a regularly funny and sometimes affecting movie that captures, if not always successfully, the kind of back-and-forth of any ordinary family".

References

External links

1980s American films
1980s coming-of-age comedy-drama films
1980s English-language films
1986 films
1986 comedy films
1986 drama films
American coming-of-age comedy-drama films
American films based on plays
Brighton Beach
Films about families
Films about Jews and Judaism
Films about puberty
Films based on works by Neil Simon
Films directed by Gene Saks
Films produced by Ray Stark
Films scored by Michael Small
Films set in 1937
Films set in Brooklyn
Films with screenplays by Neil Simon
Universal Pictures films


title: Monadh Mòr

text:
Monadh Mòr (Scottish Gaelic: Big Hill) is a mountain in the Cairngorms region of the Highlands of Scotland. A pass connects it with Beinn Bhrotain.

See also
 Ben Nevis
 List of Munro mountains
 Mountains and hills of Scotland

References

External links
 Mondah Mor - munromagic.com

Munros
Mountains and hills of the Cairngorms
One-thousanders of Scotland


title: Olivia Raney

text:
Olivia Raney was a church organist and choral singer from Raleigh, North Carolina. The first public library in Wake County, North Carolina, Olivia Raney Memorial Library, is named after her.

Biography
Olivia Raney moved to Raleigh at age 10. She lived in the Five Points neighborhood, and on McDowell Street between Edenton and Hillsborough.

She was known as an accomplished musician, and served as the organist for Christ Episcopal Church.

As a young woman, she maintained a friendship and correspondence with businessman Richard Beverly Raney, an insurance agent who became the president of the Raleigh Chamber of Commerce. Olivia was in her early thirties when she married Mr. Raney.

The couple had been married for about a year and a half, and Olivia was expecting her first child when she died suddenly, on May 4, 1896.  A local headline read, "One of Raleigh’s Most Cultured and Beloved Women Passes Away."

Her husband founded the Olivia Raney Memorial Library in her memory, which was chartered in 1899. Jennie Coffin, a close friend of Olivia Raney, became the first librarian.

References

External links

Olivia Raney Local History Library

Musicians from Raleigh, North Carolina
American organists
Women organists
1861 births
1896 deaths
People from Washington, North Carolina
19th-century American musicians
19th-century organists


title: Secreto de Amor

text:
Secreto de Amor may refer to:

 Secreto de amor (TV series), a 2001 American telenovela
 Secreto de Amor (album), a 2000 album by Joan Sebastian
 "Secreto de Amor" (song), a 2000 song by Joan Sebastian


title: Nerungi Vaa Muthamidathe

text:
Nerungi Vaa Muthamidathe () is a 2014 Indian Tamil-language road film written and directed by Lakshmy Ramakrishnan. It features Shabeer Kallarakkal, Piaa Bajpai, and Sruthi Hariharan in the leading roles. The film was released on 31 October 2014.

Cast

 Shabeer Kallarakkal as Chandru Subramaniyam
 Piaa Bajpai as Maya
 Sruthi Hariharan as Maha
 A. L. Azhagappan as Kaleeshwaran
 Viji Chandrasekhar as Seetha
 Y. Gee. Mahendra as Subramaniyam
 Thambi Ramaiah as Rajagopalan
 Bala Saravanan as Chokku
 Sanchana Natarajan as Maya's friend
 Ambika as Chandru's mother
 Lakshmy Ramakrishnan as Nalini Vaidhi
 Thalaivasal Vijay
 A. V. Anoop
 Shyam Sagar
 Gautham Kurup
 Prathik Devalla
 Ramakrishnan as Subramaniyam's friend
 Ashwin Kumar Lakshmikanthan as Maya's friend

Production
Lakshmy Ramakrishnan announced that her second film would be a road movie featuring a trip from Trichy to Karaikal, which would be shot on the backdrop of a petrol crisis. Piaa Bajpai was signed on to play a leading role, while Sruthi Hariharan was selected to make her debut in Tamil films. Lakshmy Ramakrishnan later informed that her husband had played a small role in the film and that her youngest daughter Shreya assisted her in direction. Further more, producer A. V. Anoop, who is also a theatre artist, was given a small role in the film, while character actor Gautham Kurup stated that he played a "character with grey shades".

The film was shot within seventy days, with Lakshmy Ramakrishnan revealing that the film would be "breezy, bright and pleasant" in comparison to her previous film, Aarohanam (2012). The title of the film was inspired by a message written behind a lorry, which has a pivotal part in the film.

Soundtrack

The soundtrack to Nerungi Vaa Muthamidathe was composed by the band Madley Blues that consists of composers Prashanth Techno and Harish Venkat. The soundtrack album, featuring four tracks and two karaoke tracks, was released on 25 September 2014 at the Suryan FM studio. Prashanth stated that there was a "requirement for folk music throughout the film" and added that director Lakshmy Ramakrishnan had wanted a "band interpretation of folk music...like a mix of folk and rock". musicaloud.com gave the album a score of 8 out of 10, calling it "A fine follow-up from Prashanth and Harish aka Madley Blues to their promising debut last year."

Critical reception
IANS gave 3.5 stars out of 5 and wrote, "Nerungi Vaa Muthamidathe, which is about the recent petrol and diesel crisis...addresses the subject at hand with unparalleled creativity, without ever getting priggish. Lakshmy has proved that she can make a better commercial film that's sensible and original. And the way she handles her women characters shows why women filmmakers know how to handle their own kind perfectly. Heroines should feel proud to work with Lakshmy". The Times of India gave 3 stars out of 5 and wrote, "Lakshmy manages to give us the backstory of many of the characters, and keep the plot moving at the same time so that we have enough to care about them and wait in anticipation of what happens next...However, these sub-plots feel clichéd that we are never really surprised by how they develop...there are also times when the director gives too much space to certain characters that the film's pacing suffers". bollywoodlife.com also gave 3 stars out of 5 and wrote, "While there may be a few flaws, the movie for the most part is entertaining. Lakshmy Ramakrishnan has proved that she’s an intelligent director who can deliver across any genre successfully. And her cast delivers for her". Baradwaj Rangan, writing for The Hindu, stated, "The problem with Nerungi Vaa Muthamidaathe is that all the characters, all the threads don’t always cohere convincingly. There are times you wish there had been fewer people on screen, with meatier arcs. But it’s the sprawl that gives us the lovely non sequiturs...What the narrative loses in momentum (it could have used some tension, especially in the closing portions), it gains in texture. These aren’t isolated lives. They’re part of a larger universe, where people come and go, taking their stories with them as we turn our attention to other stories".

Sify wrote, "The director has tried to wove in the sub plots to the narratives but they make the film drag. The characterisation is half baked and their motives are suspect, with an ending that looks compromised for the feel good factor. Lakshmy’s intentions are good but her final product is not up to the mark". Deccan Chronicle gave 2 stars out of 5 and wrote, "Though Lakshmy’s attempt is laudable, one can’t help but feel that the narration could have been better", adding that "At times the screenplay meanders and drags".Rediff gave the same rating and wrote, "In just 114 minutes, Lakshmy has touched upon several issues: disastrous inter-caste love affairs, fragile relationships ruined by misunderstandings, the bond between father and son, mother and daughter, and political corruption. Despite all these elements, a good cast and excellent music, the film fails to hit the right notes". Rated 2.5 out of 5 by Cinemalead-"Built on good thoughts, bent on the connection".

References

External links

2014 films
2010s road movies
Indian road movies
2010s Tamil-language films
Films set in Tiruchirappalli
Films directed by Lakshmy Ramakrishnan


title: Philip Holditch

text:
Philip  Holditch (died c. 1608), of Totnes and Blackawton, Devon, was an English merchant and politician.

He was elected Mayor of Totnes for 1598–99 and a Member (MP) of the Parliament of England for Totnes in 1601.

He married Susanna Crossing and had at least 4 sons and 4 daughters. His eldest son Philip, was also Mayor and MP for Totnes.

References

16th-century births
1608 deaths
16th-century English politicians
English MPs 1601
Members of the Parliament of England (pre-1707) for Totnes
Mayors of Totnes


title: List of compositions by Stanisław Moniuszko

text:
This is a list of compositions by Stanisław Moniuszko.

Stage works

Operettas

Operas

Ballet
 Monte Christo, after Alexandre Dumas (1866)
 Na kwaterunku (On the Billet) (1868)
 Figle szatana (Satan's Tricks aka Devil's Frolics) (1870)
 Merry Wives of Windsor (c. 1849), ballet music composed for the opera of Otto Nicolai

Theatre
 Kasper Hauser (1843), melodrama by Auguste Anicet-Bourgeois and d'Ennery. First performance: Minsk, November 18, 1843
 Sabaudka (Savoyardess or the Mother's Blessing) melodrama in 5 acts by d'Ennery and Lemoine. First performance: Vilnius, May 6, 1845
 Hamlet. Shakespeare's tragedy. First performance: Warsaw, March 24, 1871
 Zbojcy (Die Rauber). Schiller's tragedy. First performance: Warsaw 1870 and 1871
 Hans Mathis, drama (1872). Finished by Adam Munchheimer
 Karpaccy gorale, drama by J. Korzeniowski

Vocal

Cantatas

Sacred

Masses and litanies

Minor works

Songs
More than 300, listing the most popular:
 Chochlik (The Imp). Text by A.E. Odyniec
 Czaty (The Ambush), ballad. Text by A. Mickiewicz. Also in a version with orchestra
 Czarny krzyżyk (The Little Black Cross). Text by Bruno Bielawski.
 Dziad i baba (The Old Man and The Old Woman). Text by J.I. Kraszewski
 Dziadek i babka (Grandpa and Grandma). Text by P. Jankowski
 Entuzjasta (The Enthusiast). Text by J. Prusinowski
 Kozak (Cossack). Also known as Tam na gorze jawor stoi
 Kum i kuma (Chums). Text by J. Czeczot
 Łzy (Tears). Text by A.E. Odyniec
 Maciek. Text by T. Lenartowicz
 Magda karczmarka (Magda, the Innkeeper). Also known as W pustej karczmie Magda siedzi, ballad. Text by E. Sztyrmer
 Nad Nidą (On Nida River). Text by Włodzimierz Wolski
 Panicz i dziewczyna (The Young Master and The Girl). Also known as W gaiku zielonym. Text by A.E. Odyniec
 Pieśń wieczorna (The Song at Dusk). Also known as Po nocnej rosie. Text by W. Syrokomla
 Piosnka żołnierza (Soldier's Song). Also known as Już matka zasnęła. Text by J. Korzeniowski
 Polna różyczka (The Little, Field Rose). Text by J. Grajnert
 Powrót taty (Father's Return). Text by A. Mickiewicz
 Prząśniczka (The Spinner). Text by J. Czeczot. Also in a version with orchestra
 Rozmowa (Conversation). Also known as Kochanko moja, na co nam rozmowa. Text by A. Mickiewicz
 Rybka (The Fish). Text by A. Mickiewicz
 Świerszcz (The Cricket). Text by J.N. Kaminski
 Świtezianka (The Nymph of Lake Switez). Text by A. Mickiewicz
 Tren X (Lament No. X). Also known as Urszulo moja wdzieczna. Text by J. Kochanowski
 Trzech Budrysów (Three Budryses). Text by A. Mickiewicz. Also in a version with orchestra
 Trzy śpiewy: Niepewnosc, Pieszczotka, Sen (Three Chants: Uncertainty, Cuddlesome One, Dream). Text by A. Mickiewicz. German translation Blankensee
 Wilija (Christmas Eve). Text by A. Mickiewicz
 Znaszli ten kraj (Do You Know Such Land). Text by A. Mickiewicz, after J. W. Goethe

Instrumental

Chamber
 String quartet no.1 in D minor (1839)
 String quartet no.2 in F major (before 1840)

Organ
 Organ compositions on the themes of church songs, among others Vespers and Song of Ostra Brama. Published: Warsaw, 1862.

Piano
 Fraszki (Trifles). Two books. Published: Vilnius, 1843
 Nocturne in A-flat major. Published: Vilnius, 1846
 Mazurka in D major. Published: Vilnius, before 1846
 Six Polonaises. Published: Vilnius, 1846
 Polka in C major. Published: Warsaw, 1851
 Polka, "Daniel". Published: Warsaw, 1852
 Polka, "Gabirela". Published: Warsaw, 1855
 "Spring" Polka. Published: Warsaw, 1860
 Vilanelle in B flat major. Published: Warsaw, 1851
 Three Waltzes. Published: Warsaw, 1852
 "Wedding" Mazurka. Published: Warsaw, 1872
 Kolysanka (Cradle Song) in D major. Published: Warsaw, 19 March 1872
 Piano transcriptions of opera fragments and of works by other composers, among others Six Polonaises of Michal Oginski. Published: Warsaw, before 1858
 Original compositions and transcriptions for piano duet

Symphonic
 Bajka (Fairytale), fantastic overture (1848). Two versions. First performed: Vilnius, 1 May 1848
 Kain, overture (1856). First performance: St. Petersburg, March 1856
 War Overture. First performance: Vilnius, 19 March 1857
 Polonez koncertowy (concert polonaise) in A major, for large orchestra (1866)
 Polonez obywatelski, civic polonaise in F major (after 1863)

References

Moniuszko


title: Ryan Sermona

text:
Ryan Pabillo Sermona (born October 31, 1987) is a Filipino boxer. He is a former WBC International Super Featherweight champion.

Professional career
On December 6, 2013, Sermona won the WBC International Super Featherweight title by defeating Matt Garlett by fourth-round knockout.

On August 16, 2014, Sermona defended the WBC International Super Featherweight title against Corey McConnell, but lost by seventh-round technical knockout.

Professional boxing record

| style="text-align:center;" colspan="8"|17 Wins (10 knockouts, 7 decisions),  7 Losses, 0 Draws
|-  style="text-align:center; background:#e3e3e3;"
|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Res.
|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Record
|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Opponent
|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Type
|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Round, Time
|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Date
|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Location
|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Notes
|- align=center
|Win
|17–7
|align=left| Gilbert Donasales
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|Loss
|16–7
|align=left| Masayuki Ito
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|Loss
|16–6
|align=left| Corey McConnell
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|align=center|16–5||align=left| Shingo Eto
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|align=center|16–4||align=left| Matt Garlett
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|- align=center
|Win
|align=center|15–4||align=left| Balweg Bangoyan
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|- align=center
|Loss
|align=center|14–4||align=left| Viorel Simion
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|align=center|14–3||align=left| Joan de Guia
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|align=center|13–3||align=left| Roberto Gonzales
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|align=center|12–3||align=left| Ratchata Twinswingym
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|align=center|11–3||align=left| Vic Racuma
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|- align=center
|Loss
|align=center|10–3||align=left| Nam-Joon Lee
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|- align=center
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|align=center|10–2||align=left| Dave Day Galas
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|- align=center
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|align=center|9–2||align=left| Rolando Omela
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|align=center|8–2||align=left| Reggie Binueza
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|align=center|7–2||align=left| Jomar Labiogo
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|- align=center
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|align=center|6–2||align=left| Mervin Batolina
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|- align=center
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|align=center|5–2||align=left| Ronnel Esparas
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|align=center|5–1||align=left| Ruel Cuizon
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|align=left|
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|align=center|4–1||align=left| Jose Ocampo
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|align=center|4–0||align=left| Jeffrey Torio
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|- align=center
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|align=center|3–0||align=left| Jeffrey Torio
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|- align=center
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|align=center|2–0||align=left| Jeffrey Torio
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|- align=center
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|align=center|1–0||align=left| Michael Dan
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References

1987 births
Living people
Featherweight boxers
Super-featherweight boxers
Filipino male boxers
Boxers from Negros Occidental


title: The Good Guy Fluctuation

text:
"The Good Guy Fluctuation" is the seventh episode of the fifth season of the US sitcom The Big Bang Theory and the 94th episode of the show overall. It first aired on CBS on October 27, 2011.

In the episode, Leonard (Johnny Galecki) is uncertain whether to cheat on his girlfriend while Sheldon (Jim Parsons) is the victim of a Halloween prank and attempts to get revenge.

Plot

Leonard, still in a long-distance relationship with his girlfriend Priya, meets an artist and comic book enthusiast named Alice (Courtney Ford), and they are attracted to each other. He asks Penny (Kaley Cuoco) for advice, but she does not offer anything he finds useful. He then goes to Sheldon, who quotes Friedrich Nietzsche. Leonard finds this advice helpful and goes to Alice's apartment. As they are kissing, he changes his mind and decides not to cheat on Priya. Leonard tells Alice that he is in a relationship and is thrown out of her apartment. Afterwards, he tells Priya via Skype what happened with Alice. Priya, however, admits she had sex with her ex-boyfriend. Shocked that she outright slept with another man while he only kissed a woman, Leonard ends the conversation and is left in dismay.

Meanwhile, Sheldon is the victim of a Halloween prank. He attempts to get revenge on Leonard by placing an airbag in his mailbox, but this backfires because Leonard turns it on him. Then, he hides a snake in Raj's (Kunal Nayyar) desk at work; however, Raj is not afraid of it and adores it. Sheldon goes to Howard's (Simon Helberg) house with a joy buzzer and asks to shake his hand. Howard shakes hands and then falls to the floor. Bernadette tells Sheldon that Howard had a heart condition and forces Sheldon to inject adrenaline into his heart. Howard opens his eyes and reveals that he was just pretending to faint. Sheldon then accidentally shocks himself while giving himself a face slap in frustration.

Finally, Sheldon successfully pranks Leonard; after his video chat with Priya, Sheldon jumps up from under the couch cushions dressed as a zombie. Successfully scaring Leonard, he declares, "Bazinga, punk! Now we're even."

Reception

Ratings
On the night of its first broadcast on October 27, 2011 at 8 p.m., the episode was watched by 14.54 million U.S. households. It received a Nielsen rating of 4.6/13 within the 18-49 demographic. Within its timeslot, it ranked second after a World Series game with 21.06 million viewers. It beat a rerun of It's the Great Pumpkin, Charlie Brown on ABC, The Vampire Diaries on The CW and Community on NBC.

The episode was watched by more households than any other show on CBS that night: Rules of Engagement received 10.62 million viewers at 8:30 p.m.; Person of Interest received 11.62 million viewers at 9 p.m.; The Mentalist received 12.42 million viewers at 10 p.m.

In Canada, the episode aired on the same night on CTV Total and received 3.751 million viewers. It was the most watched show that week.

In Australia, the show first aired on November 7, 2011 at 8 p.m. It was watched by 1.346 million, making it the second most watched episode that night and the sixth highest rated episode that week.

In the UK, the episode aired on December 8, 2011 and received 1.079 million views on E4, ranking it second that week for the channel. On E4 +1, it received 0.316 million watches and was ranked third. Overall, it was ranked seventh on cable.

Critical response
Oliver Sava of The A.V. Club gave the episode a C, describing it as "a completely average installment that feels like a leftover story from the earlier seasons".

The TV Critic rated the episode 68 out of 100, saying it was "such a simple episode" and "really effective" as it "drove the plot while making use of the season and the characters".

Jenna Busch of IGN gave the episode 9 out of 10. Busch said that Leonard's cheating was "out of character", but enjoyed Sheldon's pranks and summarized that "overall, this was a pretty fantastic episode".

Carla Day from TV Fanatic gave a rating of 4.5 out of 5, claiming that "this was a well-done Halloween episode". Day wanted Alice to appear in future episodes, saying that "the writers messed this one up big time", and suggested that "Jim Parsons should submit this episode for his Emmy consideration".

References

External links
 "The Good Guy Fluctuation" at CBS.com

 Chuck Lorre's vanity card

2011 American television episodes
The Big Bang Theory episodes
Halloween television episodes


title: Mark Ideson

text:
Mark Ideson (born April 10, 1976, in Parry Sound, Ontario) is a Canadian wheelchair curler who competed in the 2014 Winter Paralympic Games in Sochi and won gold. He is married and has two children. He now resides in London, Ontario. In 2007, the helicopter he was piloting crashed into a field near Cambridge, Ontario and he now lives with quadriplegia.
He played hockey and golf before he was disabled.

Personal

Ideson is married and has two children, a 17-year-old daughter, Brooklyn, and a 13-year-old son, Myles. He went to the University of Western Ontario. He studied environmental Science there, where he met his future wife, Lara. He was also a former Mustangs Cheerleader. After graduating university, he became a helicopter pilot and was introduced to wheelchair curling in 2010 at the age of 33.

Accident

In 2007, during a maintenance flight, his helicopter crashed into a field near Cambridge, Ontario. He broke 29 bones during the process. 500 metres away, Daniel Hermann, an eight-year-old boy saw this and went to his mother to call 9-1-1. The ambulance arrived shortly after within 20 minutes.  Ideson said "I had rehearsed for seven years what I was going to say to a kid that essentially saved my life. I could never really put it to words."

References

External links

1976 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Parry Sound, Ontario
Canadian male curlers
Canadian wheelchair curlers
Paralympic wheelchair curlers for Canada
Paralympic medalists in wheelchair curling
Paralympic gold medalists for Canada
Paralympic bronze medalists for Canada
Wheelchair curlers at the 2014 Winter Paralympics
Wheelchair curlers at the 2018 Winter Paralympics
Wheelchair curlers at the 2022 Winter Paralympics
Medalists at the 2014 Winter Paralympics
Medalists at the 2018 Winter Paralympics
Medalists at the 2022 Winter Paralympics
World wheelchair curling champions


title: Zomba Malosa (Malawi Parliament constituency)

text:
Zomba Malosa is a constituency for the National Assembly of Malawi, located in the Zomba District of Malawi's Southern Region. It elects one Member of Parliament by the first past the post system. The constituency is currently represented by People's Party MP Roy Kachale Banda, who succeeded his mother and former President Joyce Banda.

Election results

References

Constituencies of the National Assembly of Malawi


title: Viktor Postnikov

text:
Viktor Postnikov (born January 14, 1992) is a Russian professional ice hockey defenceman

Postnikov made his Kontinental Hockey League debut playing with Avtomobilist Yekaterinburg during the 2013–14 KHL season.

References

External links

1992 births
Living people
Avtomobilist Yekaterinburg players
Metallurg Magnitogorsk players
Metallurg Novokuznetsk players
HK Poprad players
Russian ice hockey defencemen
Ice hockey people from Magnitogorsk
Russian expatriate sportspeople in the Czech Republic
Russian expatriate sportspeople in Slovakia
Expatriate ice hockey players in the Czech Republic
Expatriate ice hockey players in Slovakia
Russian expatriate ice hockey people


title: Broadway Bound (film)

text:
Broadway Bound is a 1992 American made-for-television comedy film directed by Paul Bogart, written by Neil Simon, and starring Corey Parker and Jonathan Silverman. Simon adapted his semi-autobiographical 1986 play Broadway Bound, the third chapter in what is known as the Eugene trilogy, the first being Brighton Beach Memoirs and the second being Biloxi Blues. Silverman, who played Eugene Jerome in the original stage version of Broadway Bound and in the film adaptation of Brighton Beach Memoirs, plays Eugene's older brother Stanley in the film. Parker played Pvt. Arnold Epstein in the film adaptation of Biloxi Blues. In a 1992 interview, Simon explained that Broadway Bound was not adapted as a theatrical film like the previous two works in the trilogy for the reason that it "was too expensive for the big screen, because it required extensive outdoor period sets of New York City."

Synopsis
The film is about Eugene and his older brother, Stanley, dealing with their parents' relationship falling apart as the brothers work together toward being comedy writers for the radio, and, eventually, television.

Cast
 Corey Parker as Eugene Morris Jerome
 Jonathan Silverman as Stanley Jerome
 Anne Bancroft as Kate Jerome
 Hume Cronyn as Ben
 Jerry Orbach as Jack Jerome
 Michele Lee as Blanche

Reception
Cronyn won a 1992 Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Miniseries or a Movie for his role in the film.

References

External links

1992 television films
1992 films
American comedy television films
1992 comedy films
Films about Jews and Judaism
American films based on plays
Films set in the 1950s
Films set in Mississippi
Films directed by Paul Bogart
Films scored by David Shire
Films with screenplays by Neil Simon
Films based on works by Neil Simon
ABC Motion Pictures films
1990s English-language films
1990s American films


title: Kimberly Castillo

text:
Kimberly Altagracia Castillo Mota, (born August 26, 1988) also known as Kim Castillo, is a Dominican beauty pageant titleholder who was crowned Miss Italia nel Repubblica Dominicana 2010 and represented her country at Miss Italia nel Mondo 2010, she also won Miss Dominican Republic 2014 and represented her country at Miss Universe 2014, but she unplaced.

Personal life
Born in Salvaleón de Higüey on 26 August 1988, Kim and her siblings were abandoned by their mother at a young age; thereupon they were raised by their father and their paternal grandmother, who are of Calabrian origin, specifically from the Province of Cosenza. Her family moved at the age of 12 to Santiago de los Caballeros where she was introduced to the modeling world at the age of 15. She is a graduate of two Bachelor's Degree from Pontificia Universidad Católica Madre y Maestra, in Architecture and Fashion Designing.

Pageant participation

Miss Italia nel Republica Dominicana 2010
She was hand-picked Miss Italia nel Repubblica Dominicana 2010, out of 10 candidates, on May 1, 2010.

Miss Italia nel Mondo 2010
She was crowned Miss Italia nel Mondo 2010, representing the Dominican Republic, June 30, 2010 at the "Palazzo del Turismo" of Jesolo.

Miss Dominican Republic 2014
Kimberly Castillo represented Higuey at Miss Dominican Republic 2014 in Santo Domingo and was crowned by outgoing titledholder, Yaritza Reyes.

Miss Universe 2014
Kimberly represented the Dominican Republic at Miss Universe 2014, but failed to place between the semi-finalists.

References

Sources
 Kim Castillo, nueva Miss Italia del Mundo
 Kimberly Castillo, Miss Higüey

Dominican Republic beauty pageant winners
Living people
1988 births
Miss Universe 2014 contestants
Miss Dominican Republic
Dominican Republic people of Calabrian descent


title: Vladislav Yegin

text:
Vladislav Yegin (13 April 1989  11 May 2021) was a Russian ice hockey defenceman.  Most recently prior to his death, he was playing with Avtomobilist Yekaterinburg of the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL).

Life and career
He made his Kontinental Hockey League debut playing with Avtomobilist Yekaterinburg during the 2013–14 KHL season.

Yegin died from complications of COVID-19 on 11 May 2021, at the age of 32.

References

External links

1989 births
2021 deaths
Avtomobilist Yekaterinburg players
HC Spartak Moscow players
Place of death missing
Russian ice hockey defencemen
Ice hockey people from Moscow
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia