title: Messerschmitt P.1108

text:
Messerschmitt P.1108 Fernbomber was a design for a jet-propelled bomber developed for the Luftwaffe by Messerschmitt during the last years of Nazi Germany. It was never completed.

History
The P.1108 was designed by Dr. Wurster, to a concept by Dr. Alexander Lippisch. It was to have four Heinkel HeS 011 jet engines placed in the wing near the trailing edge, with intakes under the leading edge and ducting through it. Fully loaded weight was to be 30 tons, and range of  at a speed of  and a height of .

While not a true flying wing, it was tailless (with only a stabilizing fin and rudder).

While the Fedden Mission was told about the project, none of the information provided by Messerschmitt's employees could be independently verified, since all data had already been removed by the French. No aircraft were completed.

Notes

Sources
 Christopher, John.  The Race for Hitler's X-Planes.  The Mill, Gloucestershire:  History Press, 2013.

Abandoned military aircraft projects of Germany
1940s German bomber aircraft
P1108
World War II jet aircraft of Germany


title: Justan III

text:
Justan III was the sixth king of the Justanid dynasty, ruling from 865 to 919. He was the brother and successor of Khurshid of Dailam.

Biography

Justan is first mentioned in 865, when he was placed on the Justanid throne by his suzerain, the Alid ruler Hasan ibn Zayd, who had deposed Justan's brother Khurshid because of his hostility towards the Alids. In 866/7, Justan fought against the Abbasid governor of Ray, 'Abd-Allah ibn 'Aziz. Justan eventually won, killing and capturing many inhabitants of the city. Justan later agreed to leave the city after having been paid 2,000,000 dirhams. In 869, the Abbasid military officer Muflih al-Turki invaded Tabaristan, and defeated Justan at the nearby city of Qazvin. Fortunately for the Alids, however, Muflih shortly left the region. In ca. 889, Justan aided the new Alid ruler Muhammad ibn Zayd against the ruler of Khorasan, Rafi ibn Harthama.

In 900, the Samanids, who had become the new masters of Khorasan, defeated the Alids at Gurgan and conquered their domains in Tabaristan. They also shortly managed to defeat Justan, but failed to conquer his territory. Some time later, Justan welcomed another Alid named Hasan al-Utrush, who had taken refugee at Ray after the Samanid conquest of Tabaristan.

Together, Justan and Hasan tried in 902 and 903 to recover control of Tabaristan, but without success. Worried by the fickleness of Justan, Hasan resolved to build a power base of his own. He therefore went on a mission to the as-yet unconverted Gilites and Dailamites to the north of the Alborz mountains, where he preached in person and founded mosques. His efforts were swiftly crowned by success: the mountain Daylamites and the Gilites east of the Safid Rud river recognized him as their imam with the name of al-Nāṣir li'l-Ḥaqq ("Defender of the True Faith") and were converted to his own branch of Zaydi Islam, which was named after him as the Nasiriyya and differed in some practices from the "mainstream" Qasimiyya branch adopted in Tabaristan following the teachings of Qasim ibn Ibrahim.

This development threatened the position of Justan, but in the ensuing showdown between the two Hasan was able to affirm his position and compel Justan to swear allegiance to himself. Justan was murdered in 919 by his brother Ali of Dailam, who became the new ruler of the Justanids. However, Justan's murder was shortly avenged by his son-in-law Muhammad ibn Musafir who had married his daughter Kharasuya and was from another Dailamite dynasty known as the Sallarids, which ruled over Tarum.

References

Sources

919 deaths
9th-century Iranian people
10th-century Iranian people
Justanids
9th-century births


title: Glynn Wynn

text:
Glynn Wynn (1 September 1772 – 23 April 1809) was an English politician.

He was elected at the 1807 general election as a Member of Parliament (MP) for the rotten borough of Westbury in Wiltshire, but died in office two years later, aged 36.

References

External links

1772 births
1809 deaths
Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for English constituencies
UK MPs 1807–1812
Glynn


title: 1986 WCHA men's ice hockey tournament

text:
The 1986 WCHA Men's Ice Hockey Tournament was the 27th conference playoff in league history and 34th season where a WCHA champion was crowned. The tournament was played between February 28 and March 15, 1986. First round and semifinal games were played at home team campus sites while the championship match was held at the DU Arena in Denver, Colorado. By winning the tournament, Denver was awarded the Broadmoor Trophy and received the WCHA's automatic bid to the 1986 NCAA Division I Men's Ice Hockey Tournament.

Format
All member teams were eligible for the tournament and were seeded No. 1 through No. 8 according to their final conference standing, with a tiebreaker system used to seed teams with an identical number of points accumulated. The top four seeded teams each earned home ice and hosted one of the lower seeded teams. As a result of their being the regular season champion, Denver's home venue, DU Arena, served as the site for the Championship game regardless of which teams qualified for the penultimate match. Each series were two-game matchups with the team that scored the most goals advancing to the succeeding round. The teams that advanced to the semifinal were re-seeded No. 1 through No. 4 according to the final regular season conference standings, with the top remaining seed matched against lowest remaining seed in one semifinal game while the two other semifinalists meeting with the winners advancing to the championship round. The Tournament Champion received an automatic bid to the 1986 NCAA Division I Men's Ice Hockey Tournament.

Conference standings
Note: GP = Games played; W = Wins; L = Losses; T = Ties; PTS = Points; GF = Goals For; GA = Goals Against

Bracket

Teams are reseeded after the first round

Note: * denotes overtime period(s)

First round

(1) Denver vs. (8) Michigan Tech

(2) Minnesota vs. (7) Colorado College

(3) Wisconsin vs. (6) North Dakota

(4) Minnesota-Duluth vs. (5) Northern Michigan

Semifinals

(1) Denver vs. (4) Minnesota-Duluth

(2) Minnesota vs. (3) Wisconsin

Championship

(1) Denver vs. (2) Minnesota

Tournament awards
None

See also
Western Collegiate Hockey Association men's champions

References

External links
WCHA.com
1985–86 WCHA Standings
1985–86 NCAA Standings
2013–14 Colorado College Tigers Media Guide
2013–14 Denver Pioneers Media Guide
2013–14 Minnesota Golden Gophers Media Guide
2012–13 Minnesota-Duluth Bulldogs Media Guide
2013–14 North Dakota Hockey Media Guide
2006–07 Northern Michigan Wildcats Media Guide
2003–04 Wisconsin Badgers Media Guide

WCHA men's ice hockey tournament
Wcha Men's Ice Hockey Tournament


title: Fen TV

text:
Fen TV () is a Bulgarian music television channel, which launched on 12 November 2003. It is owned by the company "Fen TV" Ltd., which owns Balkanika Music Television. On 12 November 2012, it started broadcasting in HD.

Television in Bulgaria
Music television channels in Bulgaria
Television channels in North Macedonia
Television channels and stations established in 2003


title: Mili Pictures Worldwide

text:
Mili Pictures Worldwide () is a feature film animation company based in Shanghai, China. The company's first film, Dragon Nest: Warriors' Dawn, based on the online game Dragon Nest, was released in China in July 2014. The company opened an office in Los Angeles, California in spring 2014, headed by producer Bill Borden (producer of High School Musical and other films). The company's most recent feature project, Ping Pong Rabbit, filmed in Los Angeles. Ping Pong Rabbit was directed by Mike Johnson, who was nominated for the 2005 Academy Award for Best Animated Feature as co-director (with Tim Burton) of Corpse Bride.

Filmography
 2014: Dragon Nest: Warriors' Dawn
 2015: The Three Little Pigs and the Lamp
 2016: Throne of Elves
 2017-2018: Shen Qi Huan Qi Tan
 2019: Ping Pong Rabbit
 TBA: Dogtanian and the Three Muskehounds (co-production with BRB Internacional)

References

External links

Chinese animation studios
Chinese companies established in 2012
Companies based in Shanghai
Film production companies of China


title: Enchanted Pond

text:
Enchanted Pond is a mountain pond in the U.S. state of Maine. Situated in the Western Maine Mountains in the Northwest Somerset Region, the pond is located in a deep mountain valley between Coburn Mountain (to the east) and Shutdown Mountain (to the west). Near its southern end, the pond is distinguished by two rockslides from the exposed cliffs of these mountains that extend down into the water along both shores. Enchanted Pond is fed by mountain springs and Little Enchanted Pond, and is the primary source of Enchanted Stream which flows into the Dead River, a tributary of the Kennebec River. Development on the pond is limited to a small set of sporting camps at the northern end of the pond and one remote camp on the southwest shore, both a part of Bulldog Camps. There are no islands in the pond.

Enchanted Pond is exceptionally deep, and has only a very narrow area of shallow water along its shoreline. Rock and gravel make up the majority of its shores with many large boulders in the rockslide areas and a few sandy beaches, one on the east side directly across from another on the west side, and one on the south shore near the outlet. There is very little aquatic vegetation, resulting in excellent water clarity and oligotrophic conditions.
The pond was last surveyed by the State of Maine Inland Fisheries and Wildlife in August, 1979 when the water temperature was determined to be 66 °F at the surface and 41 °F at a depth of 100 feet.

History

Shutdown Mountain, with 800-foot (244 m) cliffs rising up abruptly from Enchanted Pond, gave the pond its alternative name "Bulldog Pond" sometime in the mid to late 1800s. Its shale face, along with the rocky cliff that forms the western side of Coburn Mountain resembled the profile of two bulldogs looking across the pond at one other. Since there were other ponds with the name Enchanted, it seemed a good way to uniquely identify this pond in particular.

Enchanted Pond has attracted visitors for well over a century, from early lumbermen who worked out of the logging camps on its north shore to later sportsmen seeking the outdoor tranquility, seclusion, and hunting and fishing opportunities it provided. 19th-century "rusticators" traveled by railroad and after the turn of the century float plane fly-in service became popular for anglers. Guests can spare themselves the arduous ten mile hike in from U.S. Route 201 via the access road built by the owner of Bulldog Camps in 2005. Various species dwell among the surrounding cliffs and talus slopes, including peregrine falcons, bald eagles and common loons. The region also has a large moose and bear population. The shores of the pond are scattered with various fossil rocks millions of years old.

Namesake
The Enchanted region includes not just Enchanted Pond, but mountain spring-fed Little Enchanted Pond which runs into Upper Enchanted Stream, then into Enchanted Pond, back into Enchanted Stream, into Lower Enchanted Pond and Lower Enchanted Stream, then on to the Dead River. The area was named for the many "enchanting: things that happened there: the upper reaches of Enchanted Stream would go underground from time to time and then pop up again several hundred feet away; men in the woods of the Enchanted would search for the source of laughter or voices they heard, only to find themselves alone in the forest; hunters would follow tracks in the snow out onto frozen Enchanted Pond only to find them disappear in the middle and they could follow them no more.

H.P. McKenney log sluice
The pond is the historic site of H.P. McKenney’s famous log sluice built in 1898. After several failed attempts at procuring financial assistance to help him with the project, it was apparent that no one believed his modern feat of engineering would work, so Henry Patrick McKenney took it upon himself to finance the job and he and his men spent the next two years constructing a wooden sluiceway down Enchanted Stream to run his logs from Enchanted to the Dead River, saving him a significant amount of mileage to the mill compared to his old route via the Moose River over to Moosehead Lake and down the Kennebec River. Logs were cut on site with four-inch-thick pine planks used for the flooring and three inch planks for the sides. Several trestles were built over deep gullies, ravines, and boulders, from ten feet high up to thirty feet high in places. A wooden dam was constructed at the outlet in order to hold the water back until it was needed for the drive in the spring, although there was no guarantee that the sluice would actually work. In the spring of 1900, after years of backbreaking work, anxiety, and mounting debts, McKenney gave the order to open the gate at the dam, the first load of long logs were guided into the sluice, and down they sped. It was said that it only took the logs one and a quarter minutes to travel the length of the one and a quarter mile sluiceway. In reference to the previously popular opinion that such a sluice could not be successful, some would sarcastically remark at how many huge stacks of logs now waited in the surrounding woods to be sent down H.P.’s Folly.

Fish
Although water chemistry and conditions are excellent for cold water game fish at all depths, Enchanted Pond is not a very productive pond due to so much of its area being so deep. There are two small tributaries at the northern end of the pond that are good spawning areas for the pond’s population of native brook trout maintained only through natural reproduction. The Enchanted Stream inlet also produces many young trout for the pond as it is an excellent spawning and nursery habitat as well. The Enchanted Stream outlet does not allow for the passage of fish into the pond due to the remains of the old, wooden driving dam, though natural barriers downstream have also prevented other fish species which occur in the drainage from entering Enchanted Pond. There currently exists a regulation prohibiting the use or possession of live bait in order to prevent the introduction of any new species to the pond which is currently being managed for its wild brook trout population.

Geography

Set at an elevation of 1,443 feet (440 m), Enchanted Pond is approx. 2 miles long by a half mile wide (3.2 km by 0.8 km), with an area of 1 mile² (2.6 km²), and over 5 miles (8 km) of shoreline. Its major inlet is Enchanted Stream, which flows southeast from Little Enchanted Pond into the northwest corner of Enchanted. To the northeast, a stream fed by springs on Coburn Mountain is its second largest tributary. Flowing out of Enchanted Pond to the south is its only outlet, Lower Enchanted Stream with leads to Lower Enchanted Pond.

Enchanted Pond is located in Upper Enchanted Township in Somerset County, Maine. During the last glacial era, hundreds of natural lakes and ponds were carved into the surrounding landscape, varying in size from one acre (4,000 m²) ponds to Moosehead Lake, at 74,890 acres (303 km²) one of the largest natural freshwater lakes in the United States.

Access to the pond is limited to a few hiking trails and the road built to access Bulldog Camps.

Development

New Hampshire-based Wagner Forest Management oversees the land surrounding the pond as part of its 2.7 million acres of forestland managed as a timberland investment for several select clients. The land is open to the public for low-impact activities such as hunting, fishing and hiking in an attempt to bring residents, money, and tourists to Maine. The land is protected from further development as no other buildings are allowed to be built outside of the existing sporting camps on the north shore. Many areas around the pond have been logged since the 1860s all the way up to clear-cutting that began in the 1970s.

See also
 List of lakes in Maine

References

External links
Bulldog Camps on Enchanted Pond
Maine IF&W Lake Survey
Maine Volunteer Lake Monitoring Program

Further reading
Calvert, Mary R. The Kennebec Wilderness Awakens. Lewiston: Twin City, 1986. Print.
History of the Moose River Valley. 2nd ed. State of Maine: The Jackman Moose River Valley Historical Society; Jackman Bicentennial Book Committee, 1994. Print.
Coatsworth, Elizabeth. The Enchanted. New York: Pantheon, 1951. Print.

Lakes of Somerset County, Maine
Lakes of Maine


title: Yaga Gathering

text:
Yaga Gathering is a transformational festival hosted in a clearing in Ežeraitis Forest, at the edge of Spengla Lake in the Varėna District of southern Lithuania. The festival has no corporate sponsors, and is financed by ticket sales. The site of the festival is about  south of Vilnius, the capital of Lithuania.

DJs and live bands from various countries perform on four music stages: the Valley stage, the Pinegrove stage, The Duskwood stage and the Outmost stage. Classes and activities are among the festival's other attractions, including open-air cinema, the Discovery stage featuring lectures, Healing area with yoga and meditation sessions, handicraft workshops area, and a children's area. The design of the event space incorporates art installations and exhibits. Most of the festival infrastructure is built using biodegradable materials. Attendees are permitted to camp on-site.

History

Initially, Yaga Gathering was called Shambala Festival—named for the mythical hidden kingdom of Shambhala. The first event took place from 18 to 20 July 2003; it was small (250 attendees) and not widely advertised. Organisers produced a second festival in 2005, and the third festival in 2006. In 2007 the festival was renamed as Yaga Gathering. Between years 2007 and 2019 there was no Yaga Festival in 2008 or 2010.

In Vedic tradition, a yaga () is a ritual performed in front of a sacred fire, or one in which an offering is burned in a fire. The festival's name alludes to spiritual rebirth.

See also

 Counterculture
 Goa trance
Yaga

References

External links

Festivals in Lithuania
Transformational festivals
Counterculture festivals
Hippie movement
Trance festivals
Electronic music festivals in Lithuania
Jam band festivals


title: Cedric Lewis

text:
Cedric Lewis (born September 24, 1969) is an American former basketball player.  A 6'10" center from the University of Maryland, Lewis played three games for the Washington Bullets in the 1995–96 NBA season, scoring four points.

References

1969 births
Living people
Albany Patroons players
American expatriate basketball people in France
American expatriate basketball people in Germany
American men's basketball players
Archbishop Carroll High School (Washington, D.C.) alumni
Basketball players from Washington, D.C.
Centers (basketball)
Grand Rapids Hoops players
La Crosse Catbirds players
Maryland Terrapins men's basketball players
Omaha Racers players
Undrafted National Basketball Association players
Washington Bullets players


title: 2014 Cork City Council election

text:
A Cork City Council election was held in Ireland on 23 May 2014 as part of that year's local elections. Thirty-one councillors were elected from a field of 65 candidates for a five-year term of office from six local electoral areas by proportional representation with a single transferable vote.

Having lost several seats in the 2009 local elections within Cork City Fianna Fáil made 4 gains in these local elections. The party gained 1 seat in each of the 3 Cork South Central LEAs, the base of Micheál Martin, and 1 seat in the Cork City North Central LEA on the North Side. Sinn Féin emerged as the second largest party with 8 seats as they made 3 gains on both sides of the river Lee though effectively matched Fianna Fáil in terms of first preference vote share. Fine Gael lost 3 seats to be reduced to 5 seats while their coalition partner, the Labour Party, was obliterated losing all 7 seats. The Anti-Austerity Alliance made 2 gains to return 3 councillors to City Hall and Ted Tynan became the Workers' Party sole elected representative in the State. Independents secured the remaining 4 seats.

Results by party

Results by local electoral area

Cork City North Central

.

Cork City North East

Cork City North West

Cork City South Central

Cork City South East

Cork City South West

References

Changes since 2014
† AAA/PBP Cork City North-Central Cllr Mick Barry was elected as a TD for Cork North-Central in the 2016 Irish general election. On 25 April 2016 Fiona Ryan was co-opted to fill the vacancy.
†† On 13 March 2017 Cork City North-Central AAA/PBP Cllr Lil O'Donnell did not join the Solidarity Party and became an Independent.

External links
 Official website

Cork City
Cork City Council elections


title: 2014 Cork County Council election

text:
A Cork County Council election was held in Ireland on 23 May 2014 as part of that year's local elections. Fifty-five councillors were elected from a field of 114 candidates for a five-year term of office from eight local electoral areas by proportional representation with a single transferable vote.

Cork County Council was expanded by seven seats to a total of 55 members for the 2014 elections. Fianna Fáil emerged after the local elections as the largest party in Cork for the first time since 1991, having won 17 seats and 5 gains in total. The party won three seats in each of Ballincollig-Carrigaline, Fermoy and West Cork and took two seats in Bandon-Kinsale, Blarney-Macroom and Kanturk-Mallow. Fine Gael lost 6 seats in all to emerge with 16 seats. The party's best results were in Ballincollig-Carrigaline and Bandon-Kinsale where they won 3 seats and Blarney-Macroom, Cobh, East Cork and West Cork where they won 2 seats. Sinn Féin won 10 seats in total, including 9 gains, with the party's best results coming in Ballincollig-Carrigaline and Cobh where they won 2 seats each. Labour had a very bad election losing 5 seats and returning with just 2 seats. Independents gained 4 seats, bringing their total to 10 seats.

Results by party

Results by local electoral area

Ballincollig-Carrigaline

Bandon-Kinsale

Blarney-Macroom

Cobh

East Cork

Fermoy

Kanturk-Mallow

West Cork

Changes since 2014
 On 22 June 2015 Cobh Sinn Féin Cllr Kieran McCarthy was expelled from the party and became an Independent.
 Bandon-Kinsale Fianna Fáil Cllr Alan Coleman resigned from the party and became an Independent on 25 June 2015 having declined to contest the Cork South West selection convention for the 2016 Irish general election. He subsequently announced he would be contesting the election as an Independent.
 On 25 September 2015 Fermoy Sinn Féin Cllr June Murphy resigned from the party citing her time in the party as an increasingly negative experience and became an Independent. She joined the Social Democrats on 20 February 2018.
 On 8 October 2015 Fermoy Labour Cllr Noel McCarthy resigned from the party citing disillusionment with the party hierarchy.  On 28 November 2015 he was selected as a Fine Gael candidate for the 2016 Irish general election in the Cork East constituency..
 On 13 November 2015 Ger Keohane resigned from Sinn Féin and became an Independent. On 21 November 2018 he joined Peadar Tóibín's organisation.
 Kanturk-Mallow Fianna Fáil Councillor Dan Joe Fitzgerald died on 8 March 2016.  His son, Daniel, was co-opted to fill the vacancy on 13 June 2016. Following his resignation there was a delayed convention to fill the vacancy. This ultimately saw Gearoid Murphy co-opted on 10 April 2017.
 Ballincollig-Carrigaline Sinn Féin Cllr Donnchadh O Laoghaire was elected as a TD for Cork South-Central at the Irish general election, 2016. Eoghan Jeffers was co-opted to fill the vacancy on 14 March 2016.
 Bandon-Kinsale Fianna Fáil Cllr Margaret Murphy-O'Mahony was elected as a TD for Cork South-West at the Irish general election, 2016. Gillian Coughlan was co-opted to fill the vacancy on 14 March 2016.
 Blarney-Macroom Fianna Fáil Cllr Aindrias Moynihan was elected as a TD for Cork North-West at the Irish general election, 2016. His sister, Gobnait, was co-opted to fill the vacancy on 14 March 2016.
 East Cork Sinn Féin Cllr Pat Buckley was elected as a TD for Cork East at the Irish general election, 2016. Danielle Twomey was co-opted to fill the vacancy on 14 March 2016.
 Fermoy Fianna Fáil Cllr Kevin O'Keeffe was elected as a TD for Cork East at the Irish general election, 2016. His sister, Deirdre O'Brien, was co-opted to fill the vacancy on 14 March 2016.
 West Cork Independent Cllr Michael Collins was elected as a TD for Cork South-West at the Irish general election, 2016. His brother, Danny, was co-opted to fill the vacancy on 14 March 2016.
 Fine Gael Cllr Tim Lombard was elected to Seanad Éireann in April 2016. His brother, Aidan, was co-opted to fill the vacancy on 13 June 2016.
 Independent Cobh Cllr Claire Cullinane died suddenly on 14 December 2016. Diarmuid O Cadhla was co-opted to fill the vacancy.
 Ballincollig-Carrigaline Independent Cllr Joe Harris joined the Social Democrats on 28 February 2017.
 East Cork Fianna Fáil Cllr Aaron O'Sullivan resigned his seat on 24 November 2017 citing work pressures. Michael Ahern was co-opted to fill the vacancy on 23 April 2018.
 West Cork Fine Gael Cllr Noel O'Donovan resigned his seat in 2018 upon being appointed as a Garda. On 31 March 2017 John O'Sullivan was co-opted to fill the vacancy.
 Kanturk-Mallow Independent Cllr John Paul O'Shea joined Fine Gael and ceased to be an Independent on 2 March 2018.

References

External links

Cork County
Cork County Council elections


title: The Snake (nickname)

text:
As a nickname, The Snake or Snake may refer to:

Athletes
 Phil Baker (footballer) (born 1952), former Australian rules footballer
 Nate Bowman (1943–1984), American Basketball Association and National Basketball Association player
 Barry Fry (curler) (1939–2021), Canadian curler
 Nate Jones (boxer) (born 1972), American former Olympic and professional boxer
 Milan Jovanović (footballer, born 1981), Serbian former footballer
 Marco McDonald (born 1977), Jamaican footballer
 Ken Norman (born 1964), American retired National Basketball Association player
 Sino Nyoka (born 1990), South African rugby union player
 Jacques Plante (1929–1986), Canadian Hall-of-Fame National Hockey League goaltender
 Jake Plummer (born 1974), American retired National Football League quarterback
 Don Prudhomme (born 1941), American drag racer
 Jerry Scanlan (1957–2015), American former football player
 James Silas (born 1949), retired American Basketball Association and National Basketball Association player
 Ken Stabler (1945–2015), American retired National Football League quarterback
 Tom Sturdivant (1930–2009), American Major League Baseball pitcher
 Snake Wiltse (1871–1928), American Major League Baseball pitcher

Gangsters
 Thomas Kinney (1868–1912), Missouri state senator and gangster
 Carmine Persico (1933–2019), boss of the Colombo crime family in New York City

Soldiers
 Dennis Chalker (born 1954), American retired US Navy SEAL, inventor and author
 Joseph Cheesman Thompson (1874–1943), US Navy medical officer and polymath
 Bruce P. Crandall (born 1933), retired US Army soldier awarded the Medal of Honor

See also

 Sergio Mora (born 1980), Mexican-American former world champion boxer nicknamed "The Latin Snake"
 Donnie Nietes (born 1982), Filipino world champion boxer nicknamed "Ahas" (Tagalog for "Snake")

Nicknames


title: Entwined (video game)

text:
Entwined is a rhythm video game developed by Pixelopus and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation 4 in June 2014. It was ported to the PlayStation 3 and PlayStation Vita in July 2014. The game was announced at Sony's E3 media briefing on June 9, 2014 and was released worldwide on the PlayStation Store for the PlayStation 4 on the same day. The PlayStation 3 and PlayStation Vita version were released approximately a month later, and since Entwined is a cross-buy title, these two versions are available at no extra cost for anyone who has purchased the PlayStation 4 version.

Plot
The story is about two souls, a bird and a fish, that are in love but can't be together. Once united, the two souls will transform into a magnificent soaring dragon.

Gameplay
The player is tasked with guiding the two souls simultaneously, one with each analog stick, to bring them together over the course of many lifetimes. The left analog stick controls the fish, while the right analog stick controls the bird.

Release
Entwined was released for the PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, and PlayStation Vita in June 2014.

Reception

Entwined received "mixed" reviews according to the review aggregation website Metacritic.

The Digital Fix gave it a score of eight out of ten and said that the game "blends its gameplay, visuals and soundtrack into one beautiful piece of art that should be experienced by anyone who has the chance to play it." However, The Escapist gave it three stars out of five and stated, "While its skin-deep qualities suggest something artistic and maybe a little philosophical, this middling arcade game packs not enough wallop to be worth more than a bit of a shrug. While not awful, it's certainly not intriguing enough to maintain interest even in spite of a brief running time." National Post gave it five out of ten and stated that the game "never manages to deliver much beyond art and beauty."

References

External links

2014 video games
Music video games
PlayStation 3 games
PlayStation 4 games
PlayStation Network games
PlayStation Vita games
Video games developed in the United States

Single-player video games
Sony Interactive Entertainment games


title: LittleBigPlanet 3

text:
LittleBigPlanet 3 is a puzzle-platform game developed by Sumo Digital and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation 3 and PlayStation 4. It was released worldwide through November and December 2014, and it is the third entry in the main LittleBigPlanet series, and sixth entry overall. It was announced at Sony's E3 2014 media briefing on 9 June 2014. It was developed primarily by Sumo Digital, with XDev and series creator Media Molecule assisting in an undisclosed capacity.

LittleBigPlanet 3 received generally positive reviews upon release. Critics praised the visuals, the create mode, and new gameplay elements such as the addition of the new characters. The game did however draw criticism for its technical issues and the short length of its campaign mode.

The online servers for the PS3 version of the game have been permanently closed due to DDOS attacks in 2021, but the servers for the PS4 version remain operational.

Gameplay

LittleBigPlanet 3 features gameplay elements very similar to the first two games in the main LittleBigPlanet series, LittleBigPlanet and LittleBigPlanet 2. It is a puzzle-platform game with elements of a sandbox game. Like other LittleBigPlanet games, LittleBigPlanet 3 places a heavy emphasis on creation. Players create their own levels, characters, objects, such as power ups, tools, decorations, stickers, or vehicles, hub levels, Pods (effectively the character's 'home'), and other things. Players may share their creations. The core gameplay revolves around navigating colourful and vibrant levels with a set character, using power ups, jumping, swimming, swinging, grabbing, interacting with switches and non-player characters, defeating enemies, completing the main objectives, and finding collectibles, such as Collectibells, stickers, materials, objects, and gadgets.

Characters and abilities
LittleBigPlanet 3 introduces three new characters in addition to Sackboy, each with their own unique traits and abilities. OddSock is a four-legged, dog-like character who can run faster than Sackboy and can wall-jump. Swoop is a bird-like character who can fly freely around levels and can pick up other light objects. In addition to objects, Swoop can pick up other characters, with the exception of Big Toggle. Toggle is another character, who can transform between a large, heavy version and a small, light version. The larger version, called Big Toggle, is much heavier than Sackboy and can weigh down platforms or pressure plates. His miniature version is called Little Toggle, and can walk quickly on the surface of water, is very small and can fit through tight spaces. Level creators have the ability to allow players to play as more than one character during gameplay. In addition, Sackboy has a climbing ability which works on rope-based textures like vines.

LittleBigPlanet 3 has several power-ups which, when equipped, give players additional abilities. One such power-up, the "Pumpinator", blows air to move light objects. In addition to pre-made power-ups, creators are able to make their own using the new Power-up Creator. There are 70 tools, in addition to enhanced ones retained from three previous titles, LittleBigPlanet, LittleBigPlanet 2 and LittleBigPlanet PS Vita.

Backwards compatibility
All previous downloadable content packs from LittleBigPlanet and LittleBigPlanet 2 are fully backwards compatible, being transferable to LittleBigPlanet 3 on both the PlayStation 3 and PlayStation 4 versions. However, story progression logged from LittleBigPlanet 3s predecessors does not transfer onto the PlayStation 4 version of the game.

User-created levels
In LittleBigPlanet 3, players can play any levels created in LittleBigPlanet and LittleBigPlanet 2. The PlayStation 4 version of the game is rendered with an improved graphics engine and textures at 1080p resolution, while the PlayStation 3 version renders everything at 720p.

Unlike previous games in the series which had three playable layers of depth, LittleBigPlanet 3 allows creators to use 16 layers.

Players are limited by the classic Thermometer rules by default, but players can choose to use the new "Dynamic Thermometer" streaming for levels. This makes the game unload objects as the player(s) get away from them and load objects that the player(s) get close to, and only loaded objects affect the Dynamic Thermometer. In addition, players can create adventures, a type of level that contains up to 15 levels that shares progress through throughout all the sub-levels.

Plot
LittleBigPlanet 3 begins in a white void, as the Narrator (Stephen Fry) teaches controls on how to use the player character Sackboy. Midway through the opening, Newton (Hugh Laurie) interrupts the Narrator, and uses one of his devices to create a wormhole. This wormhole sends Sackboy to another world called Bunkum, where he is greeted by Newton. Newton begins to tell a story on how Nana Pud is going to unleash three Titans that were sealed away long ago in a tea tin by Bunkum's heroes. The duo fly off in Newton's airship, landing on the doorstep of Nana Pud's home, Stitchem Manor. Newton stays behind, to "boil some eggs" as Sackboy infiltrates Stitchem Manor. Sackboy reaches the roof, defeating all of Nana Pud's security measures. Newton appears, revealing that it was his plan to unleash the titans to make Bunkum more creative, and that Nana Pud was his mother, who warned him not to open the jar. Newton proceeds to open the lid, unwittingly getting possessed by the three Titans. As a result, Newton becomes corrupted by the Titans and flings Sackboy off the roof.

Nana Pud and Sackboy strike an alliance after Nana finds out Newton tricked Sackboy, to which Nana suggests that they reawaken the three heroes of Bunkum. First, they reach Manglewood, where the first hero is held. The Creator Curator, Marlon Random, helps Sackboy find the three marbles needed to reawaken the hero. Once the hero, Oddsock, is found, Newton unleashes the first Titan to try and defeat Sackboy and company. The pair defeat the Titan, moving onto the next world. They reach The Ziggurat, home to the creator curator Papal Mache. Once again, they reacquire the marbles, reawakening Toggle, a hero that can change size at will. Newton once again tries to slow down the heroes by unleashing the second Titan, which also gets defeated. Finally, the trio reach the Bunkum Lagoon, hosted by the vain Pinky Bufflooms. After reawakening Swoop, the final hero, Newton appears to be trapped and cornered by the four heroes. At the last moment, he traps Sackboy, forcing the heroes to save him.

Newton is stopped from getting away with Sackboy, becoming furious and releases the third Titan inside his own fortress. This act relinquishes control back to his normal self, dropping his malevolent and rude behavior. A recovered Newton and the four of the heroes confront the final Titan. They blow up the third titan whilst destroying Newton's fortress. Nearly falling to their death, Newton, Sackboy, Toggle, Swoop, and Oddsock are saved by Newton's father, Captain Pud. The four heroes are flown back to Stitchem Manor, where Newton builds a new portal to send them back to Craftworld.

Cast
LittleBigPlanet 3 is fully voice-acted, including cutscenes and gameplay, whereas previous games only featured voice acting during cutscenes. As in previous LittleBigPlanet games, Stephen Fry narrates. Other actors for the game include Hugh Laurie as Newton, the main antagonist of the game, Lewis MacLeod as Oleg and Captain Pud, Newton's father, Tara Strong as Coach Rock and Vera Oblonsky, Robbie Stevens as Larry Da Vinci, Peter Serafinowicz as Dr. Maxim, El Jeff, and Papal Mache, Lorelei King as Elena and Felica, John Guerrasio as Guard 1 and Guard 2, Martin T. Sherman as Gustavo, Glenn Wrage as Head Guard, Clare Corbett as Hildur, Lucy Newman-Williams as Irene, Nolan North as Marlon Random, Susan Brown as Nana Pud (Newton's mother), Alix Wilton Regan as Pinky Buflooms, Judith Sweeney as Victoria von Bathysphere, and Simon Greenall as Zom-Zom The Far-Out.

Development
LittleBigPlanet 3 began development in 2011, shortly after the release of LittleBigPlanet 2. Most of the development was handled by Sumo Digital; however, series creator Media Molecule provided assistance, particularly during the project's early stages. Media Molecule chose not to develop LittleBigPlanet 3 because the company was busy with other projects, namely Tearaway and Dreams. Media Molecule also wanted to "step away" from the LittleBigPlanet series, but they said they will always be involved in the franchise. Additional developers included XDev Europe, Tarsier Studios, Supermassive Games, The Station, and Testology.

Damian Hosen, the game's design director, said of working with Media Molecule: "That was really valuable for us. [...] It was really cool to get a sense of what they were thinking, how the game came out like it did, what was their vision for it, what limitations did they put on themselves." Media Molecule stressed to Sumo Digital that the game's story must set a good example to what players can accomplish themselves in Create mode. Hosen said this concept helped "everything make sense [...] it all just clipped into place. [...] Those personal insights we got from them early on were invaluable in shaping how we made the rest of the game."

During the game's development process, around 20 prolific members of the LittleBigPlanet community were selected to work alongside Sony XDev to provide feedback and offer suggestions on the game's mechanics. Additionally, the game's introduction sequence – which is a combination of live action footage and visual effects – was produced by the UK studio Carbon Digital. Carbon digital "worked closely" with Sumo Digital during the production of the video.

Early in the game's development, all of the playable characters were initially designed as silhouettes. The developers created "loads" of silhouettes and chose the best ones, which were then fully designed, and eventually became Oddsock, Swoop, and Toggle. (Sackboy, previously the only playable character, underwent minimal changes.) Oddsock and Swoop's designs were thought of early on and required no major redesigns. However, Toggle was initially just the 'big' character, and could not change into a smaller version of himself. Toggle was then revamped and the 'toggle' idea was implemented; without it, there weren't "enough combinations" or gameplay variety for the player. Pete Smith of SCE Worldwide Studios said the characters "needed to be game changers, they need to be fully customizable, they needed to feel like they belonged in the world, and they needed to have personality. I think the final three characters have really struck that balance." One character that was scrapped early on was 'Sackworm'; Smith said: "The Sackworm didn't last too long before he found himself on the cutting room floor."

LittleBigPlanet 3 was officially announced at the 2014 Electronic Entertainment Expo during Sony Computer Entertainment's press conference.

Reception

LittleBigPlanet 3 received positive reviews from critics. It received an aggregated score of 80.78% on GameRankings based on 50 reviews and 79/100 on Metacritic based on 76 reviews.

Justin Clark from Joystiq gave the game a 4.5/5, praising the level design, change of pacing and scale in adventure mode, new characters and items, as well as the Hook Hat, a new feature in LittleBigPlanet 3. He also praised the user-friendly and satisfying creation mode and accessible tutorial. He stated that "LittleBigPlanet 3 is a foundation, upon which eager minds can start building even more inspiring content, and that process has been made more accessible than ever before."

Louise Blain from GamesRadar gave the game an 8/10, praising the inclusion of a tutorial, distant characters and intuitive menu. However, she criticized the adventure mode for being too short and having frustrating checkpoints, as well as slightly disappointing pre-built content. She summarized the review by saying: "Beautiful, creative and filled with knitted joy, LittleBigPlanet 3 does however disappoint in its Adventure mode's comparatively sparse content. Nonetheless, it hands over an impressive array of exceptional design tools for budding creators."

Kevin Dunsmore from Hardcore Gamer gave the game a 3.5/5, saying "LittleBigPlanet 3 is an endearing and charming game that will work its way into your heart thanks to its presentation and new characters. The end-game possibilities are endless thanks to the co-op, level creator and millions of community driven stages imported from past titles, but it's held back due to Sumo Digital's unwillingness to fully flesh out their ideas."

Alexa Ray Corriea from GameSpot gave the game a 7/10. She praised the soundtrack, new characters introduced, drastic and refreshing gameplay changes when controlling different characters, freedom of movement and navigation, challenging but rewarding levels, as well as Popit Puzzles, a tutorial introduced in the creative mode. However, she criticized the limited use of other characters in both Adventure Mode and co-op multiplayer, as well as multiple game-breaking bugs. She stated that "The push for creativity is limited in the way you play the campaign, but it's an overwhelming presence within creation mode, offering boundless ways to leave your own mark on Craftworld."

Polygon's Philip Kollar scored the game a 7 out of 10 and wrote: "Despite switching to a new developer, it has the big ideas and wide-eyed, arms-open demeanor of the series at its best. Yet it never totally commits, never goes all the way with its new concepts and characters. LittleBigPlanet 3s devoted fans will surely craft some excellent levels in the months to come, but mostly this feels like a proof of concept for a much better LittleBigPlanet 4."

Writing for Destructoid, Chris Carter scored the game a 7.5 out of 10. He said: "With all of the innovations LittleBigPlanet 3 brings with Toggle, Oddsock, and Swoop, it's a shame they aren't allowed to show off their stuff on a regular basis, because they are the best thing to happen to the series in years. It would be nice to see them return in a big way in a potential sequel, but for now hardcore LBP fans should have enough creation options to last them until that point."

Chris Schilling from Eurogamer scored the game a 7/10. He praised the game's new additions and improvements, as well as the create mode tutorials, but heavily criticized the presence of technical issues, saying he thought they dragged down the game. Schilling summed up the review by stating: "Held together by Sellotape rather than superglue, LittleBigPlanet 3 is in constant danger of falling apart."

Lucy O'Brien of IGN gave the game a mixed review. She scored it a 6.8/10, praising the design and visuals, but criticizing the "game-breaking" technical problems. O'Brien said: "LittleBigPlanet 3 is an enormous – and, at times, unruly – game. [Its] Adventure mode is beautifully designed, and new power-ups and character abilities switch up the usual bread-and-butter platforming gameplay, but it's let down by limited options for co-operative play and most significantly, a number of game-breaking bugs on the PlayStation 4. While a little daunting for newcomers, its supersized creation toolkit has enormous potential for creating deep and diverse play, and it's here where LittleBigPlanet 3 justifies its existence."

Notes

References

External links
 Official website
 Sumo Digital website

2014 video games
Electronic circuit simulators
LittleBigPlanet
Multiplayer and single-player video games
Platformers
PlayStation 3 games
PlayStation 4 games
PlayStation Move-compatible games
Puzzle video games
Sony Interactive Entertainment games
Video game sequels
Video games developed in the United Kingdom
Video games scored by Kenneth Young
Video games scored by Winifred Phillips
Video games set on fictional planets
Video games with 2.5D graphics
Video games with user-generated gameplay content
Sumo Digital games


title: 2014–15 NBA Development League season

text:
The 2014–15 NBA Development League season was the 14th season of the NBA Development League (NBA D-League). The NBA D-League is the official minor league basketball organization owned by the National Basketball Association (NBA). The NBA D-League expanded to a record 18 teams for the 2014–15 season. For the first time in league history the NBA D-League was aligned into two conferences with two divisions each, two with five and two with four.

One expansion team, the Westchester Knicks, joined the 17 teams from the previous season. The Springfield Armor relocated to Grand Rapids, and were renamed the Grand Rapids Drive, and the Tulsa 66ers relocated to Oklahoma City, and were renamed to Oklahoma City Blue.

Teams
Austin Spurs (affiliated with the San Antonio Spurs)
Bakersfield Jam (affiliated with the Phoenix Suns)
Canton Charge (affiliated with the Cleveland Cavaliers)
Delaware 87ers (affiliated with the Philadelphia 76ers)
Erie BayHawks (affiliated with the Orlando Magic)
Fort Wayne Mad Ants (affiliated with 13 teams)
Grand Rapids Drive (affiliated with the Detroit Pistons)
Idaho Stampede (affiliated with the Utah Jazz)
Iowa Energy (affiliated with the Memphis Grizzlies)
Los Angeles D-Fenders (affiliated with the Los Angeles Lakers)
Maine Red Claws (affiliated with the Boston Celtics)
Oklahoma City Blue (affiliated with the Oklahoma City Thunder)
Reno Bighorns (affiliated with the Sacramento Kings)
Rio Grande Valley Vipers (affiliated with the Houston Rockets)
Santa Cruz Warriors (affiliated with the Golden State Warriors)
Sioux Falls Skyforce (affiliated with the Miami Heat)
Texas Legends (affiliated with the Dallas Mavericks)
Westchester Knicks (affiliated with the New York Knicks)

Regular season

Eastern Conference

East Division

Central Division

Western Conference

Southwest  Division

West Division

Playoffs
The Santa Cruz Warriors won the D-League title, doing so in two games over the Fort Wayne Mad Ants, doing so with a win in Game 1 by a score of 119-115 and a win in Game 2 by a score of 109-96.

Awards and honors
NBA Development League Most Valuable Player Award: Tim Frazier, Maine Red Claws
Dennis Johnson Coach of the Year Award: Scott Morrison, Maine Red Claws
NBA Development League Rookie of the Year Award: Tim Frazier, Maine Red Claws
NBA Development League Defensive Player of the Year Award:  Aaron Craft, Santa Cruz Warriors
NBA Development League Impact Player of the Year Award: Jerel McNeal, Bakersfield Jam
NBA Development League Most Improved Player Award: Joe Jackson, Bakersfield Jam
Executive of the Year: Tim Salier, Austin Spurs
Jason Collier Sportsmanship Award: Renaldo Major, Bakersfield Jam
Development Champion Award: Fort Wayne Mad Ants
All-Star Game MVP: Andre Emmett, Fort Wayne Mad Ants
All-NBA Development League Team:

First team
Jerrelle Benimon, Idaho Stampede
Seth Curry, Erie BayHawks
Earl Barron, Bakersfield Jam
Tim Frazier, Maine Red Claws
Willie Reed, Grand Rapids Drive

Second team
Chris Babb, Maine Red Claws
Bryce Cotton, Austin Spurs
James Michael McAdoo, Santa Cruz Warriors
Arinze Onuaku, Canton Charge
Elliot Williams, Santa Cruz Warriors

Third team
Jabari Brown, Los Angeles D-Fenders
Eric Griffin, Texas Legends
Jerel McNeal, Bakersfield Jam
Adonis Thomas, Grand Rapids Drive
Damien Wilkins, Iowa Energy

References

External links
Official site


title: John Leonard Knapp

text:
John Leonard Knapp (9 May 1767 – 29 April 1845) was an English botanist and naturalist. He is best known for his Journal of a Naturalist, and his work on British grasses.

History
Born at Shenley, Buckinghamshire, John Leonard Knapp was the son of Primatt Knapp, rector of Shenley.

Educated at Thame grammar school, Knapp entered the navy, but finding the sea unsuited to his health, he resigned and served successively in the Herefordshire and Northamptonshire militia, becoming a captain in the latter.

He lived for a time at Powick, near Worcester, and was then in the habit of making long summer botanical excursions. On one of these he visited Scotland in company with Scottish botanist George Don and collected several of the rarest species of British native grasses.

Publications
In 1804 he published Gramina Britannica, or Representations of the British Grasses on 119 coloured plates, with Descriptions, in quarto, the figures being executed by himself. This edition was, with the exception of a hundred copies, destroyed by a fire at Bensley's, the printers, and the book was not reissued until 1842.

In 1818 Knapp published anonymously a poem entitled "Arthur, or the Pastor of the Village," and between 1820 and 1830 a series of articles, under the title of ‘The Naturalist's Diary,’ in the almanac series ‘Time's Telescope.’

These formed the germ of his most successful work, the Journal of a Naturalist, published anonymously in 1829, which went through three editions during his lifetime. It was published in America in 1853 as Country Rambles in England with an introduction and notes by Susan Fenimore Cooper. Knapp viewed it as a botanical companion to Gilbert White's ‘Selborne.’

Personal life
He lived till 1813 at Llanfoist, near Abergavenny, and subsequently at Alveston, near Bristol, where he died.

In 1804 he married Lydia Frances Freeman (1772-1838), daughter of Arthur Freeman of Antigua, by whom he had seven children; two sons and a daughter survived him. His son Arthur John Knapp (d. 1883) was a Bristol solicitor and one of the original promoters of the Great Western Railway.

Commemoration
Knapp became in 1796 a fellow of the Linnean Society, and was also a fellow of the Society of Antiquaries.

The genus of grasses previously named Mibora by Michel Adanson was renamed Knappia by Smith, although the original name is now used. Rhynchoglossum, originally named by Carl Ludwig Blume, was similarly unsuccessfully renamed Knappia by Franz Bauer in 1840.

Taxonomy

References

Agrostologists
1767 births
1845 deaths
English botanical writers
Botanists with author abbreviations
Fellows of the Linnean Society of London
Fellows of the Society of Antiquaries of London
19th-century English non-fiction writers
19th-century British botanists
People from the Borough of Milton Keynes
People from Abergavenny
People from Alveston


title: 1985 WCHA men's ice hockey tournament

text:
The 1985 WCHA Men's Ice Hockey Tournament was the 26th conference playoff in league history and 33rd season where a WCHA champion was crowned. The tournament was played between March 1 and March 16, 1985. First round and semifinal games were played at home team campus sites while the championship match was held at the Duluth Arena Auditorium in Duluth, Minnesota. By winning the tournament, Minnesota-Duluth was awarded the Broadmoor Trophy and received the WCHA's automatic bid to the 1985 NCAA Division I Men's Ice Hockey Tournament.

Format
All member teams were eligible for the tournament and were seeded No. 1 through No. 8 according to their final conference standing, with a tiebreaker system used to seed teams with an identical number of points accumulated. The top four seeded teams each earned home ice and hosted one of the lower seeded teams. As a result of their being the regular season champion, Minnesota-Duluth's home venue, Duluth Arena Auditorium, served as the site for the Championship game regardless of which teams qualified for the penultimate match. Each series were two-game matchups with the team that scored the most goals advancing to the succeeding round. The teams that advanced to the semifinal were re-seeded No. 1 through No. 4 according to the final regular season conference standings, with the top remaining seed matched against lowest remaining seed in one semifinal game while the two other semifinalists meeting with the winners advancing to the championship round. The Tournament Champion received an automatic bid to the 1985 NCAA Division I Men's Ice Hockey Tournament.

Conference standings
Note: GP = Games played; W = Wins; L = Losses; T = Ties; PTS = Points; GF = Goals For; GA = Goals Against

Bracket

Teams are reseeded after the first round

Note: * denotes overtime period(s)

First round

(1) Minnesota-Duluth vs. (8) Michigan Tech

(2) Minnesota vs. (7) Northern Michigan

(3) Wisconsin vs. (6) Colorado College

(4) North Dakota vs. (5) Denver

Semifinals

(1) Minnesota-Duluth vs. (4) North Dakota

(2) Minnesota vs. (3) Wisconsin

Championship

(1) Minnesota-Duluth vs. (2) Minnesota

Tournament awards
None

See also
Western Collegiate Hockey Association men's champions

References

External links
WCHA.com
1984–85 WCHA Standings
1984–85 NCAA Standings
2013–14 Colorado College Tigers Media Guide
2013–14 Denver Pioneers Media Guide
2013–14 Minnesota Golden Gophers Media Guide
2012–13 Minnesota-Duluth Bulldogs Media Guide
2013–14 North Dakota Hockey Media Guide
2006–07 Northern Michigan Wildcats Media Guide
2003–04 Wisconsin Badgers Media Guide

WCHA men's ice hockey tournament
Wcha Men's Ice Hockey Tournament


title: Bloodborne

text:
is a 2015 action role-playing game developed by FromSoftware and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation 4. Bloodborne follows the player's character, a Hunter, through the decrepit Gothic, Victorian-era–inspired city of Yharnam, whose inhabitants are afflicted with a blood-borne disease which transforms the residents, called Yharnamites, into horrific beasts. Attempting to find the source of the plague, the player's character unravels the city's mysteries while fighting beasts and cosmic beings.

The game is played from a third-person perspective. Players control a customizable protagonist, and the gameplay is focused on strategic weapons-based combat and exploration. Players battle varied enemies while using items such as trick weapons and firearms, exploring different locations, interacting with non-player characters, and unraveling the city's mysteries. Bloodborne began development in 2012 under the working title of Project Beast. Bearing many similarities to FromSoftware's Dark Souls series, Bloodborne was inspired by the literary works of authors H. P. Lovecraft and Bram Stoker and the architectural design of real-world locations in countries such as Romania and Czechia.

Bloodborne was released in March 2015 and received critical acclaim, with praise directed at its gameplay, particularly its high difficulty level, atmosphere, sound design, Lovecraftian themes, and interconnected world design. Some criticism was directed at its technical performance at launch, which was improved with post-release updates. An expansion adding additional content, The Old Hunters, was released in November 2015. By the end of 2015, the game had sold over two million copies worldwide. Bloodborne won several awards and has been cited as a masterpiece, and is considered to be one of the greatest video games ever made. Some related media and adaptations have also been released, including a card game, board game and comic book series.

Gameplay

Bloodborne is an action role-playing game played from a third-person perspective and features elements similar to those found in the Dark Souls series, also made by FromSoftware. The player makes their way through different locations within the decrepit Gothic world of Yharnam while battling varied enemies, including bosses, collecting different types of items that have many uses, interacting with non-player characters, opening up shortcuts, and continuing through the main story.

At the beginning of the game, the player creates their character, the Hunter. The player determines the basic details of the Hunter; gender, hairstyle, name, skin color, body shape, voice, and eye color are some of the options the player can customize. The player also chooses a starting class, known as an "Origin", which provides a basic backstory for the Hunter and sets the player's starting attributes. The origins, while describing the player character's past, do not have any effect on gameplay beyond altering starting stats. Another way the player defines their Hunter is by choosing what brotherhood they are a member of. These religious societies, known as "Covenants", each have their views on the world of Yharnam.

The player can return to the safe zone, known as the "Hunter's Dream", by interacting with lanterns spread throughout the world of Yharnam. Doing so replenishes health, but respawns all enemies in the game world, with the exception of bosses and mini-bosses. Lanterns also serve as the game's checkpoints; the player will return to the last activated lantern when they die. Positioned separately from Yharnam, the Hunter's Dream delivers some of the game's basic features to the player. Players may purchase helpful items, such as weapons, clothing and consumables, from the Messengers using Blood Echoes or Insight, level up their character by talking to the Doll, or upgrade their weapons in the workshop, among other things. Unlike Yharnam and all other locations in the game, the Hunter's Dream is considered completely safe as it is the only location in the game not to feature enemies. However, the last two boss battles of the game take place in the Hunter's Dream, although both are optional to the player.

Bloodborne world of Yharnam is an extensive map full of interconnected areas. Some areas of Yharnam are not connected to the main locations and require the player to teleport there via the gravestones in the Hunter's Dream. The player may be presented with multiple options when progressing through locations, but usually, there is the main path that the player uses to progress through the story. When traversing the main path, the player will encounter diverging paths that lead to entirely different locations that are optional. Each path eventually leads back to the central area the player started in; this provides the player with shortcuts, useful for when they die or need to backtrack.

Combat
Combat is fast-paced and requires an offensive approach in order for the player to combat dense hordes of enemies. The player character is agile and can dodge attacks by strafing around enemies while locked on. The new risk-and-reward style of gameplay is emphasized through Bloodborne Rally system, which allows the player to recover portions of lost health by striking an enemy within a small window of time after taking damage. Director Hidetaka Miyazaki explained that this represents the player's increased will to continue after successfully striking an enemy. A New Game Plus mode is also present; after the player has finished the game, a new game will immediately be started. New Game Plus is optional. The player retains all their equipment (barring a few items such as keys) and the game is more challenging than the previous playthrough.

The player may only wield two melee weapons in the right hand and two secondary weapons in the left hand at one time. Most melee weapons, called Trick Weapons, can transform into an alternate state; each state encourages a different approach to combat. With most Trick Weapons, one state is usually a slower, larger weapon that deals heavier damage per hit, while the other state is smaller, faster, and deals its damage in hit streaks. Certain weapons are wielded in both hands after transforming, meaning the left hand secondary weapon cannot be used. For example, the Hunter Axe in its initial state is wielded with one hand and can be used to dispatch enemies in cramped areas quickly; when transformed into its secondary state, it becomes an extended two-handed weapon more suited for crowd control. The player's main secondary weapon is a firearm; the firearm, usually a pistol, can be used in a traditional sense, as well as a way to stun enemies. When an enemy is stunned, the player can perform a Visceral attack; Visceral attacks cause a large amount of damage in one hit and can also be performed after the player strikes an enemy from behind with a charged attack. Other secondary weapons include torches, cannons, and shields, while other main melee weapons include hammers, swords, two-handed gun spears or swords, which serve as melee and ranged weapons, a whip, a scythe, and a wheel. The player can carry other offensive weapons, such as Molotov cocktails, throwing knives, and pebbles.

Similarly to the Dark Souls games, slaying enemies grants the player "Blood Echoes," which double as the player's experience points and currency. Should the player die, their Blood Echoes will be lost at the location of their death. If they can reach that point again, they can regain them. However, should the player die before retrieving their lost Blood Echoes, they will be lost forever. Sometimes, the player's Blood Echoes may be captured by an enemy, typically identified by glowing blue eyes; defeating this enemy will return the lost Blood Echoes. If an enemy does not hold the Blood Echoes, they will be on the ground near the location of the player's death. Insight is a secondary form of currency; it can be spent to purchase items, and depending on the player's Insight level, the world will change in many different ways. When the player reaches a specific Insight level, some NPCs or enemies might no longer be present, the sky and moon may change colour, the player may start hearing different sounds (such as a crying baby and mysterious whispering), or enemies' attack patterns may change. The world also changes as the player progresses through the main story. Insight can be gained by finding and defeating bosses, using items that grant Insight, helping another player via co-op defeat a boss, and successfully defeating another player in competitive multiplayer.

When enemies are defeated, they drop useful items for the player, such as Blood Vials, which heal the player, or Quicksilver Bullets, the main ammunition for ranged weaponry. The player can also sacrifice health to create Blood Bullets for their ranged weaponry. The blood bullets have no functional difference from the consumable quicksilver bullets, other than the fact that they function as extra ammo, and the Rally system still applies to the lost health. The player may find useful items hidden in the environment as well as being dropped by enemies. The items hidden in the environment usually require the player to go on a different path than they were initially travelling. Other items the player may find include various forms of Coldblood, which grant the player Blood Echoes when consumed, Antidotes, used to cure poisoning, and Hunter Badges, which allow the player to purchase more items in the Hunter's Dream. The player's weapons can also be upgraded or modified by equipping certain items such as Blood Gems.

Multiplayer
Multiplayer mode is present in Bloodborne, though it functions differently from its counterparts in the Dark Souls series. By activating a non-consumable item at the cost of one Insight point, players can summon other players into their world to help with enemies and bosses and progress through areas of the game cooperatively. This leaves players vulnerable to invasions; another player may invade the victim's game world and attempt to kill them unless the player can find and defeat a specific enemy known as a Chime Maiden before an enemy player invades. Multiplayer summoning is limited by proximity; players can only be summoned within a specific distance of each other to prevent players from being summoned too far away to be of any assistance. Players can only summon players around the same level as them to prevent the game from being too difficult or too easy for one of the players. Using a password, however, gets around many of the restrictions of summoning a friend. Depending on what covenant the player and summoned player are a part of, they will have the opportunity to be hostile toward one another. Players can summon an NPC to help them in addition to getting help from other players. The NPC serves as an AI companion to the player that helps defeat enemies. Players can only summon specific NPCs that they have met throughout their journey. Another way players may interact with each other is by leaving notes. A player may leave a tip for defeating a boss, tell the reader where to go, fool the reader by purposely providing incorrect information, or leave a meaningless message to others. Players may rate a message as 'Fine' or 'Foul', indicating whether the note is helpful or malicious to future readers. When a player rates a message as 'Fine', the player who wrote the note will have their health restored.

Chalice Dungeons
Chalice Dungeons are specialized dungeons that become available to the player through the use of special items and materials. Each dungeon can be generated as a fixed version with preset layouts, items, and enemies as well as a "root" version that randomly generates novel configurations of the dungeon through procedural generation. The dungeons vary in depth and difficulty and are formed by performing a ritual with a Chalice and other materials in the Hunter's Dream. Chalice Dungeons are optional and provide additional content to the player. Gameplay is much the same as the main story in that it contains various areas and enemies that the player must overcome to complete the Dungeon. Each Chalice Dungeon contains multiple bosses that the player must defeat to progress through the Dungeon's levels, some of which are fought in the main world, others which are unique to the Chalice Dungeons. Special types of lootable chests not found in the main story are hidden throughout the Dungeons, providing the player with the materials to generate more Dungeons. One major difference between the main story and the Chalice Dungeons is the world's design. In the main world of Yharnam, the design is open-ended, more spacious, and a mixture of indoor and outdoor environments. Chalice Dungeons are only indoors, cramped, and contain many traits of a typical dungeon. The branching paths featured in the main story are still present in the Chalice Dungeons. Another important difference is the objectives. In the main story, players journey through many different locations with many different objectives. In the Chalice Dungeons, the player's primary objective is to locate a door, then find the lever to open the door, which is located elsewhere, and then battle the boss behind the door. After the boss is defeated, the player enters the next area, which will be completely different, and completes the same goal. The cycle repeats at least three times before the entire Chalice Dungeon is cleared. Chalice Dungeons, like the main story, can be played alone or cooperatively with other players.

Synopsis

Setting

Bloodborne takes place in Yharnam, a decrepit Gothic city known for its medical advances around the practice of blood ministration. Over the years, many travellers journey to the city seeking the remedy to cure their afflictions; the player's character journeys to Yharnam seeking the cure, something known as Paleblood, for an unspecified illness. However, upon arriving in the city, it is discovered that Yharnam is plagued with an endemic illness that has transformed most of its citizens into bestial creatures. The player must navigate the streets of Yharnam during the night of The Hunt and overcome its violently deranged inhabitants and horrifying monsters to stop the source of the plague and escape the Nightmare. Long ago, the residents of Yharnam began worshipping ancient, eldritch cosmic beings known as the Great Ones after scholars from the College of Byrgenwerth discovered something referred to as a "medium" in the ruins of an ancient, highly advanced civilization, on top of which Yharnam was built. The Great Ones provided the healing blood Yharnam was famous for, which is also the source of the plague.

Plot
The player character, a Hunter, is being operated on by an old man, who explains that he is performing a blood transfusion to allow them to sign a "contract", mentioning a mysterious condition referred to as Paleblood. After the character creation (referred to as a "contract"), he warns the Hunter that they will go on a strange journey that may seem like a bad dream. The Hunter blacks out and awakens. A large, flesh-torn beast rises from the floor and menaces them. A sudden fire forces the beast's retreat, and then little creatures ("Messengers") crawl over the Hunter as they black out again. The Hunter then awakens on an operating table in a different clinic in a place called Yharnam.

The Hunter finds their first lantern, which when lit transports them to a spectral realm called the Hunter's Dream, where they encounter Gehrman, an elderly wheelchair-using man who provides advice, and the Doll, a living doll who assists the player in leveling up. Gehrman explains that to obtain the blood they seek and escape the dream, they must hunt down the beasts raging through Yharnam and halt the source of the plague.

While traveling Central Yharnam, the Hunter is told to seek out the Healing Church because of its connection to blood ministration, which is linked to the plague. The Hunter encounters Father Gascoigne, who seeks to kill them to prevent them from transforming into a beast but becomes a monster himself. The Hunter moves through to the Cathedral Ward and enters the Grand Cathedral, where they encounter Vicar Amelia, now a massive beast. The Hunter comes into contact with an artifact, the skull of a beast, that bids them to visit Byrgenwerth, only accessible through the Forbidden Woods. Arriving at Byrgenwerth after defeating the Shadows of Yharnam, the Hunter slays Rom, a cosmic kin.

With Rom's death, the Hunter gains access to a higher degree of perception and sees Queen Yharnam, an ancient being from the dead civilization who supposedly bore Mergo, the source of the Nightmare. With their new perception, the Hunter can venture to the previously hidden village of Yahar'gul, where the now-visible Great Ones reside to be researched and worshipped by the School of Mensis. The scholars sought to build a vessel for a Great One, known as The One Reborn. After defeating it, the player accesses the spectral realm called the Nightmare of Mensis, where they discover the insane head of the scholar, Micolash. After killing him, the player encounters Mergo and their guardian.

After slaying Mergo's Wet Nurse and letting Mergo die, the game's final phase is initiated. When the Hunter returns to the Hunter's Dream, Gehrman offers to return them to the waking world in the morning. At this point, three different endings are possible, depending on the player's actions. Choosing to accept Gehrman's offer results in the Yharnam Sunrise ending: Gehrman uses his scythe to behead the Hunter, who awakens in Yharnam as the sun rises. In Hunter's Dream, the Doll bids the Hunter farewell and prays that they live happily, having escaped the Nightmare. Declining Gehrman's offer unlocks one of two endings. The second ending, Honoring Wishes, is the default ending for this case. To prevent the Hunter from being trapped in the dream, Gehrman battles them. After Gehrman is defeated, a Great One known as the Moon Presence arrives and embraces the Hunter, binding them to the Hunter's Dream. The Doll is seen pushing the Hunter, now sitting in Gehrman's wheelchair, remarking that a new Hunt will begin, signifying that the Hunter has taken Gehrman's place as the caretaker of the Dream. Throughout the game, the player can find umbilical cords formed as the result of Great Ones trying to reproduce with humans as a surrogate. If the player consumes three Third Umbilical Cords before refusing Gehrman's offer, the Childhood's Beginning ending is unlocked. After Gehrman is defeated and the Moon Presence appears, the Hunter resists and fights it. Upon defeating the Moon Presence, the Hunter is transformed into an infant Great One and is taken by the Doll.

The Old Hunters
After discovering an item called "Eye of a Blood-Drunk Hunter", the player learns of the Hunter's Nightmare, where Hunters are cursed to wander, drunk with blood. While travelling through Yharnam, the player is pulled into the Hunter's Nightmare, populated by both beasts and long-crazed Hunters, by a lesser Amygdala. The player can meet Simon the Harrowed Hunter, who tells them that the Nightmare serves as a prison for hunters who have succumbed to madness and the scourge. Simon can assist the player throughout their travels. The player first visits the Nightmare Church, where they encounter and kill the first Church Hunter, Ludwig the Holy Blade, now a horse-like beast known as Ludwig the Accursed. After the battle, the player can either tell the dying Ludwig what has become of the Church and Yharnam or let him die believing that Yharnam has defeated the curse. The player can also kill the founder of the Healing Church, Laurence the First Vicar, after finding him on an altar in the Nightmare version of the grand cathedral, now transformed into a burning Cleric Beast.

The player continues to the Research Hall, where Simon reveals that to find the secret of the Nightmare, the player must reach the Astral Clocktower and kill Lady Maria, another of the first hunters and one of Gehrman's students. After fighting their way through the Research Hall, the hunter encounters and kills the Living Failures who reside in the Lumenwood garden in front of Maria's clock tower. Upon defeating Maria, the player reveals the secret she was protecting: the ruins of a fishing hamlet that had been pulled into the Nightmare, and its inhabitants transformed into grotesque fishlike monsters. While exploring the village, the player can come across a mortally wounded Simon, who then gives the player a key and his weapon, and pleads for the player to end the Nightmare. The player discovers that hamlet is the origin of the Nightmare—the result of a curse placed on the Byrgenwerth scholars and their Hunter subordinates, who tortured and massacred the Hamlet's inhabitants in their quest for knowledge.

As the player continues through the hamlet, they eventually discover the beached corpse of Kos, a Great One from the sea. An infant Great One and source of the Nightmare, the Orphan of Kos, emerges from the corpse's womb and attacks the player out of blind terror, using its hardened umbilical cord as a maul. After its defeat, the creature's phantom retreats to its dead mother's side and, upon being laid to rest, the Hunter's Nightmare ends.

Development

Japan Studio, a subsidiary of Sony Interactive Entertainment, approached FromSoftware concerning cooperative development on a title, and director Hidetaka Miyazaki asked about the possibility of developing a game for eighth-generation consoles. The concept of Bloodborne developed from there. There were no connections to FromSoftware's previous titles, even though Miyazaki conceded that it "carries the DNA of Demon's Souls and its very specific level design". Development ran parallel to that of Dark Souls II.

The game's Victorian Gothic setting was partly inspired by the novel Dracula, and the architecture of locations in Romania and the Czech Republic. Miyazaki also enjoyed H. P. Lovecraft's Cthulhu Mythos series of surreal horror stories, and applied similar themes into the game. Miyazaki had wanted to create a game set in such an era as those novels, but he wanted everything to be as detailed as possible, and felt that such a game was only possible on eighth generation hardware. This need for high-end hardware, and the fact that the PlayStation 4 was presented to the company first, was the reason the game was a PS4 exclusive, rather than a cross-generation release. The developers' target frame rate for the title was 30 frames per second, due to their design choices made for the title.

Story details were more plentiful than in the Dark Souls games, though the team created a larger mystery at the heart of the story to compensate for this. The method through which the story is shown and developed to the player is also done in a similar style to Miyazaki's other games, especially the Souls series, in that the plot is revealed with item descriptions, interactions with various NPCs, visual storytelling, and from the player's own inferences and interpretation of the plot. The team did not want to raise the difficulty level higher than their previous games as they felt it would make the game "pretty much unplayable for anyone". To balance this out, the team created a more aggressive combat system focusing on both action and strategy. They also wanted to alter the penalties for death used in the Souls games as they did not want the game to be classified as being for hardcore gamers. One of the more difficult decisions the team faced was the introduction of guns as weapons. Because it would fit well into the game's setting, and that it would consequently be less accurate than modern models, guns were eventually included, taking the place of shields from the previous Souls titles.

Bloodbornes soundtrack was composed by a mix of Japanese and Western composers. The soundtrack contains over 80 minutes of original music by Tsukasa Saitoh, Yuka Kitamura, Nobuyoshi Suzuki, Ryan Amon, Cris Velasco and Michael Wandmacher and features performances by a 65-piece orchestra and a 32-member choir. The development of the soundtrack lasted for around two and a half years.

Screenshots and a gameplay trailer of the game were leaked on the Internet weeks before the official reveal, under the title of Project Beast. Many believed at the time that the leak could be connected to Demon's Souls. However, Miyazaki later stated that Bloodborne was never considered to be Demon's Souls II, due to Sony Computer Entertainment wanting a new intellectual property (IP) for the PlayStation 4.

Release
Bloodborne was announced at E3 2014, where a trailer was shown. In January 2015, Bloodborne became Game Informer readers' most anticipated game of 2015. The game was originally planned to be released on February 6, 2015, but was delayed to March 24, 2015, in North America, March 25, 2015, in Europe, Australia and New Zealand, March 26, 2015, in Japan, and March 27, 2015, in the United Kingdom and Ireland. A downloadable content expansion, The Old Hunters, was released on November 24, 2015. It takes place within a world where hunters of the past are trapped, and features new weapons, outfits, and items.

A limited collector's edition was launched with the game. It includes a SteelBook case, a hard cover art book, and a digital copy of the game's soundtrack. The soundtrack was released separately on April 21, 2015. The European exclusive Nightmare Edition included physical items such as a quill and ink set, as well as all the items in the collector's edition. An Asian edition includes a letter opener modeled off of the in-game weapon, the Kirkhammer. A PlayStation 4 bundle is also available in Asian regions. A song to promote Bloodborne was recorded by the Hit House featuring Ruby Friedman for a trailer and TV spot of the game, titled "Hunt You Down", written by Scott Miller and William Hunt, and recorded by Wyn Davis in Los Angeles and at Word of Mouth Recording Studios in New Orleans.

Sony Denmark teamed up with Danish organization GivBlod in order to encourage blood donations through a program where donators who donated on March 23, 2015, would receive a chance to win Bloodborne as a gift. An officially licensed card game, based on the game's Chalice Dungeons, was published by CoolMiniOrNot and released in November 2016. In February 2018, a tie-in comic book series written by Ales Kot and published by Titan Comics was released. It ran for four volumes, with each volume being a standalone story. A fifth volume launched in July 2022, written by Cullen Bunn.

Reception

Bloodborne received "universal acclaim" from critics, according to review aggregator Metacritic. Daniel Tack of Game Informer praised the game's unsettling atmosphere and the aesthetic visuals, which he stated, "had brought horror to life". He also praised its challenging gameplay, which he compared to the Dark Souls series, as well as its intimately-realized story, high replay value, deliberate, rewarding and fast-paced combat, sparse storytelling and satisfying weapon customization. He was also impressed by the well-crafted boss battles, unique enemy design, and soundtrack. He also praised the multiplayer for extending the longevity of the game, and the game for allowing players to learn and adapt throughout a playthrough. He summarized the review by saying that "While this new IP doesn't stray far from the established Souls franchise, it is a magical, wondrous work that admirably instills both terror and triumph in those brave enough to delve into it."

Edge wrote that it was a "dazzling work of dark, abject horror that cements Miyazaki as one of the all-time greats." Electronic Gaming Monthly wrote "Though built on the same core as the Souls games, Bloodborne marks the largest departure from the status quo to date. The numerous changes, many in service of a faster and more aggressive playstyle, might not be for everyone, but if you embrace that shift, you might well have a new favorite in the From Software canon." Kevin VanOrd of GameSpot praised its Lovecraftian horror-themed storyline, energetic boss battles, precise combat for making encounters with enemies fun, as well as its unique artistry and varied environments. He also praised the sound design of the enemies, the difficulty, which he compared to Dark Souls II, and the melee-based weapons featured in the game for allowing transformation during battle. Regarding the survival horror portion of the game, he stated that it succeeded in making players feel disturbed. The interconnected design of the game world is also praised for making discovery rewarding. Writing for GamesRadar, Ben Griffin praised the game's detailed environments, Gothic-styled visuals, rich combat, fresh challenges, the randomized Chalice Dungeons for extending the game's length and the rewarding character upgrade system. He also praised the game for delivering a sense of progression and offering players motivation to finish the game, as well as the narrative for "intertwining with the geography of Yharnam". However, he criticized the game's non-divergent class system, as well as the specialization, as he stated that "lack of magic, miracles, pyromancy, archery, heavy, medium, and light options discourages experimentation." He also criticized the game for always forcing players to upgrade and stock weapons only in certain sections of the game.

Destructoids Chris Carter called it "the most stable Souls game to date", he praised the game's emphasis on melee combat and raw skill, as well as the game's interesting NPCs, sidequests and interactions. He criticized the limited competitive multiplayer, low replay value, as well as the occasionally blocked area in the game, which he stated "feel less sprawling and less replayable" than previous FromSoftware games. He summarized the review by saying that "Bloodborne is an interesting mix of everything FromSoftware has learned throughout its storied developmental career. FromSoftware is still one of the only developers left that makes you work for your satisfaction, and Bloodborne is damn satisfying." IGNs Brandin Tyrrel wrote that Bloodborne was "an amazing, exacting, and exhausting pilgrimage through a gorgeous land that imposes the feeling of approaching the bottom of a descent into madness. Though extended load times and minor frame-rate hitches have an effect on the pacing, it's otherwise an intensely challenging and rewarding game. There's an incredible power to unlocking its mysteries, and in succeeding, despite its demand for a pound of your flesh."

Game Revolutions Nick Tan was more critical than most but still quite positive, criticizing the restrictive builds and the unreliable firearms. He also noted that the game suffered from lock-on and camera issues. He summarized the review by saying that "Though not as refined and freeform as some of its predecessors, it continues in the longstanding Souls tradition of lending credence to challenging games and making the seemingly Sisyphean task of conquering ruthless, malformed monstrosities possible and downright commendable." Michael McWhertor of Polygon thought that the story was "intriguing", saying the guns were unlike any other he had used in another game, in that the Visceral attacks give the player "one of the best feelings in any game", praised the game's difficulty for providing satisfying encounters, and thought the cryptic mysteries did a good job at encouraging the player to progress through the game. He also praised the game's environments, enemies, and weapons, as he thought they were well-designed and offered the player freedom and variety. McWhertor's main criticisms were concerning the load times and technical issues. He found that the game performed noticeably worse when playing with another player, saying that the frame rate "takes a hit". He also found some mechanics and items confusing, and disliked the fact that there are many loading screens in quick succession. New York Daily News stated that it was "the perfect marriage, blending mechanics that seem easy to learn with gameplay and challenge that demands mastery and ingenuity." The Guardian also gave it a full five-star rating, stating that "elegance, precision, humor, and challenge make Bloodborne irresistible." The Telegraph wrote that it was the "digital edition of a round-the-world trip to foreign continents, each turning of a corner providing equal helpings of excitement and trepidation". At launch, one of the more criticized points of the game was its long loading times, which were later mitigated via post-release patches.

Sales
The game sold 152,567 physical retail copies within the first week of release in Japan, ranking first place within the Japanese software sales charts for that particular week. Bloodborne debuted at number two in the UK software retail chart, behind Battlefield Hardline by 22,500 units. In North America, Bloodborne was the second best selling software in March, despite being released at the end of the month. By April 2015, the game had sold over one million copies, and by September 2015, the game had over two million copies sold. Soon after release, Sony stated that the game's sales exceeded their expectations.

Awards
Bloodborne was awarded the 2015 Game of the Year by several video game review sites, including GameTrailers, Eurogamer, Destructoid, and Edge, along with being awarded the "2015 PlayStation 4 Game of the Year" by IGN. In 2015, Edge rated it the fourth greatest video game of all time. A 2023 poll conducted by GQ which surveyed a team of video game journalists across the industry ranked Bloodborne as the fourth best video game of all time.

Notes

References

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