title: SS Avila Star

text:
SS Avila Star, originally SS Avila, was a British turbine steamship of the Blue Star Line. She was both an ocean liner and a refrigerated cargo ship, providing a passenger service between London and South America and carrying refrigerated beef from South America to London. She was built in 1927, renamed Avila Star in 1929 and lengthened in 1935. She was sunk by a German submarine in 1942 with the loss of 84 lives.

Building

In 1925 Blue Star ordered a set of new liners for its new London – Rio de Janeiro – Buenos Aires route. Cammell Laird of Birkenhead built three sister ships: Almeda, Andalucia and Arandora. John Brown & Company of Clydebank built two: Avelona and Avila. Together the quintet came to be called the "luxury five".

John Brown & Co launched Avila on 22 September 1926 and completed her in March 1927. Her sister ship, Avelona, quickly followed, being launched on 6 December 1926 and completed in May 1927. As originally built, Avila was  long, had a beam of  and a draught of . She had 32 oil-fired corrugated furnaces with a combined grate area of  heating three double-ended and two single-ended boilers with a combined heating surface of . Her boilers supplied steam at a pressure of  to four Parsons steam turbines with a combined rating of 2,007 NHP or . Her turbines were single-reduction geared onto the shafts to drive her twin screws at about 120 RPM, giving her a speed of . Avila was fitted with wireless direction finding equipment.

Avila was painted in Blue Star Line's standard livery of the era. Her hull was black, her boot-topping red and her masts white. Her stokehold ventilators were black and her deck ventilators were white, and the insides of her ventilator cowls were red. She had two funnels and they were red with a black top, with a narrow white and a narrow black band and on each side a large blue star on a white disc. In her original form Avilas funnels had a type of cowl called an "Admiralty top".

Early service
Avila made her maiden voyage in April 1927 on Blue Star Line's route between London and Buenos Aires via Boulogne, Madeira, Tenerife, Rio de Janeiro, Santos and Montevideo. In 1929 Blue Star added "Star" to the end of the name of each of its ships. This may have been partly to help distinguish Blue Star from Royal Mail Steam Packet Company, whose ships bore similar Spanish names. RMSP was an old company with a distinguished history, but had got into difficulties and collapsed amid financial scandal in 1932.

Rebuilding
In 1935 Blue Star had Palmers Shipbuilding and Iron Company of Jarrow lengthen Avila Star and Avelona Star from  to . Palmers replaced Almeda Stars bow with a Maierform one. This design pioneered by Austrian shipbuilding engineer Fritz Maier and developed by his son Erich Maier, had a convex profile that was intended to increase hydrodynamic efficiency.

Steaming arrangements were reduced to 28 corrugated furnaces with a combined grate area of  heating three double-ended boilers and one single-ended boiler with a combined heating surface of . The combined rating of Almeda Stars turbines was reduced to 1,840 NHP. An echo sounding device was added to Avila Stars navigation equipment. A change more visible externally was that the Admiralty tops were removed from her two funnels.

Palmers' alterations increased Almeda Stars draught from  to , and her tonnages from  and  to  and .

Wartime service
After the UK entered the Second World War Avila Star became a Defensively Equipped Merchant Ships. She continued her valuable service shipping frozen meat from South America to Britain but was largely left to sail unescorted. At first she continued her peacetime route of London – Lisbon – Mindelo, Cape Verde – Rio de Janeiro – Santos – Montevideo – Buenos Aires. After May 1940 she stopped using the Port of London and no longer called at Lisbon. In June France surrendered to Germany and in July–August 1940 Avila Star docked in Cardiff and Swansea to avoid a now-dangerous voyage via the English Channel and North Sea to London. There were repeated Luftwaffe attacks on Cardiff, and on her next two arrivals home in September 1940 and January 1941 Avila Star docked in Liverpool. In October 1940 Avila Star took part in her first convoy, OL 9, which left Liverpool on 25 October and dispersed in the Atlantic two days later. In November she called at Rio de Janeiro and Santos on her outward voyage but not on her return from Buenos Aires and Montevideo.

The Luftwaffe was also inflicting heavy damage on Liverpool and April 1941 Avila Star changed again, calling at Belfast Lough and docking at Avonmouth. Avila Stars route was changed again, now omitting Mindelo as well as Lisbon. This trip was also her last visit to Rio de Janeiro, where she called on her outward trip on 12 May but not on her return trip or any subsequent voyage.

Returning from South America she now called at Trinidad on 10 June 1941. After May 1941 Luftwaffe raids on Liverpool reduced, so on 26 June she docked in Liverpool. On this visit she also called at Avonmouth and Belfast Lough, and then on 8 July 1941 reached the Firth of Clyde to join Convoy WS 9C. This heavily escorted fleet left on 12 July and went as far as Gibraltar. Thence Avila Star continued via Trinidad and straight on to Buenos Aires. On her return voyage she called at Trinidad again on 23–27 June 1941, Belfast Lough on 1 October and reached Avonmouth on 2 October.

Avila Stars route was now changed yet again. She left Avonmouth on 15 October 1941 and reached the Firth of Clyde the next day. This time she joined a small transatlantic convoy, CT 4, which seems to have been three passenger liners sailing together with no naval escort. CT 4 left the Clyde on 17 October bound for Halifax, Nova Scotia, but Avila seems to have left en route to reach Trinidad on 30 October without calling at Halifax. She then called at Buenos Aires and Montevideo and returned via Trinidad to reach Liverpool on 26 December 1941.

In 1942 Avila Star had more changes of route. After leaving Liverpool on 14 January she called at Bermuda on the 25th before reaching Trinidad on the 31st. After her usual calls at Buenos Aires and Montevideo she returned via Freetown, Sierra Leone. If she was seeking a home-bound convoy she found none, for she sailed unescorted two days later and reached Liverpool on 28 March.

Loss
Avila Stars next outward voyage she left Liverpool on 20 April, went straight to Trinidad and reached Buenos Aires on 16 May. She loaded a cargo of 5,659 tons of frozen meat and embarked passengers, left Buenos Aires on 12 June, called at Montevideo three days later, and then set off across the South Atlantic for Freetown. One passenger, Maria Elizabeth ″Mary″ Ferguson (20 June 1923 – 16 June 2006), was a young British woman from Argentina on her way to enlist in the WRNS. On 20 June, five days out of Montevideo, she celebrated her 19th birthday aboard.

In mid-Atlantic Avila Star found and rescued the First and Third officers and a DEMS gunner from J&J Denholm's  cargo steamship , which the  had sunk in on 11 June. Avila Star reached Freetown on 28 June. Again she seems not to have found a suitable home-bound convoy, as she left unescorted. On this leg of her voyage the liner was carrying 30 passengers, including 10 women and the three survivors from Lylepark that she had rescued. Her Master was Captain John Fisher. The crew and passengers had a lifeboat drill every day, and throughout the voyage each person either wore or carried a lifejacket plus a red marker light to attach to it.

On the evening of 5 July the  (Oblt. Adalbert Schnee) started following Avila. At 00:36 on 6 July by Berlin Time,  east of São Miguel in the Azores, the submarine hit Avilas starboard side with two G7e torpedoes, one of which detonated in her boiler room.

The order was given to abandon ship. The ship's engines and main generator were disabled, but her emergency dynamo was started which restored electric light. Avila Star carried eight lifeboats: the odd-numbered ones on her starboard side and the even-numbered ones on her port side. Crew and passengers proceeded calmly but there was an accident with No. 5 boat, the after fall of which descended far too quickly. The boat was left suspended by the bow, tipping some of its occupants and most of its equipment into the sea below.

At 0054 U-201 attempted a coup de grâce with a third torpedo but it failed to detonate. At 0058 the submarine fired a fourth torpedo, which struck the liner amidships. The torpedo exploded beneath No. 7 boat, which had just been lowered with a full complement of passengers and crew. The Second Officer, John Anson, blames this incident for most of Avila Stars casualties. The bottom was blown out of the boat, but its buoyancy tanks kept it afloat.

One of No. 7 boat's occupants was the ship's doctor, Maynard Crawford. He was thrown in the air and fell in the sea in a layer of oil far from both the ship and the boat. Dr Crawford was wearing a rucksack packed with medicines, dressings and a syringe to treat survivors, but alone in the water he had to abandon it to swim for his life. He was eventually rescued by No. 4 boat, commanded by the Chief Officer, Eric Pearce.

Another of No. 7's occupants was Mary Ferguson. She was thrown  in the air, hitting her head on a block that momentarily knocked her unconscious. She swallowed oily water but regained consciousness in the sea and swam back to the remains of No. 7 boat. She shared the stern of the damaged boat with four wounded men whom she nursed through the night.

After all boats had been launched four crew remained aboard ship: Captain Fisher, his First Officer, Michael Tallack, the junior Fourth Engineer, Habid Massouda, and a quartermaster, John Campbell. They jumped overboard with lifebuoys and oars for buoyancy. Campbell was lost without trace. Massouda and Captain Fisher survived the jump but later died in the cold sea. No. 4 boat eventually rescued Tallack. Avila Star sank about 01:10. One report says she capsized to starboard; another that she sank fo'c's'le first.

In the lifeboats
At daybreak on 6 July the boats found each other. No. 8 was flooded but had been bailed out, and had an engine that could now be started. Tallack was transferred from No. 4 to No. 8 boat to take charge of her. No. 8 then rescued the men from the waterlogged remains of No. 7 boat. The last to leave, however,  swam to No. 2 boat. No. 5 boat was leaking badly and had to be abandoned. The boatswain commanded No. 1 boat. Second Officer Anson commanded No. 2 boat, whose occupants included Ferguson and four other passengers. The Chief Officer from Lylepark, Robert Reid, commanded No. 6.

Boats 1, 4 and 8
The nearest land was the Azores  to the west, but with crude navigation in lifeboats there was too great a risk of missing the islands and continuing out into the Atlantic. Therefore, the boats sailed east together, aiming for mainland Portugal  to the east. At nightfall the boats' commanders disagreed as to what to do. Tallack wanted all boats to lower sail and heave to with their sea anchors to allow survivors to rest. Anson and Reid with boats 2 and 6 chose to continue east, leaving boats 1 and 4 with the motor boat No. 8. On 7 July boats 1, 4 and 8 again began to east together, but Tallack soon became concerned for the condition of his wounded survivors. After consultation he and No. 8 boat therefore left boats 1 and 4 together and sailed east as quickly as possible.

At nightfall Tallack switched from sail to motor power and continued east. At about 21:30 he sighted the lights of a neutral ship on No. 8 boat's port beam. He altered course to port toward the ship and signalled to it with distress flares. The ship was a Portuguese Navy , , en route from Lisbon to Ponta Delgada on São Miguel Island in the Azores. She rescued the occupants of No. 8 boat and then proceeded west, where she found and rescued the occupants of Nos. 1 and 4 boats. The Lima then spent more than 24 hours searching for Nos. 2 and 6 boats, but then ran short of fuel and had to continue to Ponta Delgada.

Boats 2 and 6
Boats 2 and 6 kept together until 11 July, sailing by day and heaving to with their sea anchors by night. On 8 July one man was transferred from No. 2 to No. 6. On 11 July the two boats estimated they were  from the Portuguese coast. That evening No. 6 was unable to deploy her sea anchor and the two boats lost contact. Mr Reid and the 23 occupants of No. 6 boat were never seen again.

No. 2 boat had 40 occupants. Half were covered with oil, one had a smashed and bleeding hand and injured ankle, a second had a bad cut across his eyebrow and a third seemed to have a broken rib. Five were passengers, including two women, Mary Ferguson and Pat Traunter. Food and water rations were short, but Ferguson and Traunter firmly refused all offers of preferential treatment.

On the night of 11 July one man grew delirious. His companions kept watch on him but at 04:10 on 13 July he jumped overboard saying he was going for a swim. Anson brought the boat round and the crew rowed against the heavy sea for 50 minutes, but they failed to find him. On 14 July the man with the wounded hand and foot was feared to have gangrene in his foot. Another crewman was reported to have drunk seawater. Anson feared that a north northeast wind was putting the boat off course, making it impossible to reach Portugal. He estimated the coast of Spain to be  away.

On 16 July one passenger was very weak with dysentery and others of the crew could no longer chew their rations. The boat was very short of food and water. On 17 July Anson estimated the coast to be  away, but he had overestimated the boat's progress and they were still far from land. On 20 July the passenger with dysentery died and his body was committed to the sea. On 22 July another male passenger died and his body was also committed to the sea. Anson was now too weak to remain in command and handed over to the Third Officer, Richard Clarke.

On 23 July at 10:30 two Portuguese Naval Aviation aeroplanes sighted and circled the boat. The Third Officer, William Clarke, described them as "seaplanes" but they may have been Grumman G-21 Goose flying boats. The planes dropped three lifejackets with bottles and tins of biscuits attached. The boat's occupants managed to recover two of the jackets from the sea. At 11:45 a Portuguese plane dropped a cylinder containing a message that help would arrive soon and a chart with the boat's position marked. North easterly trade winds had blown the boat much further south than Anson had estimated: about  off the West African coast at . The boat continued to sail east southeast.

Help did not immediately come. On 24 July about 18:30 an aeroplane was sighted overhead heading northeast but it made no contact with the boat. Deaths continued throughout 23, 24 and 25 July and the surviving crew continued to commit their bodies to the sea. At 10:00 on 25 July the mast of a ship was sighted and Anson burnt distress flares to attract her attention. This was a Portuguese Navy , , which rescued the surviving occupants and hoisted the boat aboard. The aviso had been quartering the coordinates provided by the aircraft, and was about to abandon the search when she sighted Clarke's flares.

By this time 10 men had died in No. 6 boat. The remaining sick men were admitted to the Pedro Nuness sick bay, but one of the assistant stewards died shortly afterward. They aviso reached Lisbon on 26 July and the wounded were transferred to hospital, where two more men died.

The survivors from Boat No. 6 had suffered cold, lack of sleep, food and water and lost a great deal of weight. 20 days' exposure to salt water had afflicted their skin and Mary Ferguson was suffering from 48 salt water boils. She and Traunter remained in Lisbon until they were judged fit enough to travel. At the end of August a Douglas DC-3 flew them from Lisbon to Bristol, England. Ferguson almost immediately fulfilled her intention to join the WRNS, and served at Devonport for the remainder of the war.

Honours and monuments

In November 1942 Chief Officer Eric Pearce, First Officer Michael Tallack and Second Officer John Anson were all awarded the MBE and Boatswain John Gray and passenger Mary Ferguson were awarded the BEM. Ship's carpenter Alexander Sutherland and Captain Charles Low, who had been Master of the Lylepark, received commendations. The London Gazette commended Pearce for "outstanding leadership... steady discipline and [keeping] everyone in good heart". It commended Anson for "skilful seamanship... and [overcoming] many difficulties" in charge of an open boat for 20 days on the open sea. The London Gazette commended Ferguson for "great courage... nursing four injured men... [making] no fuss... and her general behaviour during the 20 days' ordeal... was excellent". It said Gray "showed great skill and initiative... and was responsible for saving many lives". In 1943 Third Officer Richard Clarke, who had been in No. 2 Boat, was also awarded the MBE. The London Gazette said that "It was due to the courage, skill and fortitude of Mr Clarke during the latter part of the voyage that the boat was brought to safety."

Lloyd's of London awarded Pearce and Ferguson Lloyd's War Medal for Bravery at Sea.

Members of Almeda Stars crew who were killed are commemorated in the Second World War section of the Merchant Navy War Memorial at Tower Hill in London. One member of Avila Stars crew, 17-year-old Donald Black, is buried in the British Protestant Churchyard at Ponta Delgada. Three more are buried in the British Cemetery at St. George's Church, Lisbon: Assistant Steward William Clarke, Donkeyman Charles Ellis and Third Engineer Raymond Girdler.

Ferguson's WRNS uniform jacket, bearing her medal ribbons, is now an exhibit in the Imperial War Museum.

References

Sources and further reading

External links

1926 ships
Ships of the Blue Star Line
Cargo liners
Maritime incidents in July 1942
Ocean liners of the United Kingdom
Ships sunk by German submarines in World War II
Steamships of the United Kingdom
World War II shipwrecks in the Atlantic Ocean


title: Brotherhood of Blades

text:
Brotherhood of Blades () is a 2014 Chinese wuxia film directed by Lu Yang. Its sequel, Brotherhood of Blades II: The Infernal Battlefield was released on August 11, 2017. Set in the Ming dynasty (1368-1644), the story follows Shen Lian, a guard of the imperial secret police seeking and his three comrades as they are ordered to hunt down the former eunuch Wei Zhongxian and his faction within the imperial court. Starring Chang Chen, Cecilia Liu and Wang Qianyuan, the film was released in China on August 7, 2014.

Plot
The film is set in 1627, towards the end of the Ming dynasty, when the Chongzhen emperor decides to end the influence of all-powerful eunuch Wei Zhongxian or simply "Wei" (Chin Shih-Chieh) and purge his faction within the imperial court. Caught in the midst of the intrigue are three lowly cash-strapped officers of the embroidered uniform guard (锦衣卫; pinyin: Jǐnyīwèi), the imperial secret police of the court at the time, who are tasked with killing Wei.

In 1620 AD, Wei Zhongxian is the head Eunuch to the ailing emperor and controls the embroidered uniform guard, the secret police of the Ming Dynasty. After the death of the late emperor, his younger son, emperor Chongzhen assumes power and orders the purging of Wei's faction within the court in order to eliminate his malign influence. Shen Lian, a lowly captain of the guard along with his two comrades Lu Jian Xing and Jin Yi Chuan are asked by Zhao Jingzhong to take kill or capture Wei. Wei, who has been banished from the court and in exile still holds sway through agents planted within the court and secret police through his years as head Eunuch and still holds significant influence on the secret police, making killing him extremely difficult. The three eventually find Wei's hideout however Shen is tempted by Wei's large offers of gold in the hopes of securing himself a new life from his meagre wages as a guard in the emperor's service. Shen takes the gold and obscures the fact Wei is alive from his two friends Lu and Chuan. Shen's attempts to use his newly acquired gold to convince the commander of his bureau to transfer him to the imperial capital of Nanjing, however, Shen's superiors eventually find out, resulting in Lu being executed. Zhao Jingzhong, the head of the imperial secret police at the time is in league with Wei and attempts to kill Shen to cover up his treason along with Miao Tong a prostitute Shen has fallen in love with and attempts to free from the courtesan academy. Zhao pays Yi Chuan's brother, Yan, to kill Yi Chuan to silence him and conceal knowledge of his treason, but Yi Chuan sacrifices his life to save Yan from assassins. Zhao and Shen fight in a brothel however Shen narrowly escapes with Miao and Zhao is left unconscious. Zhao goes ahead and burns Wei alive. The film ends with Zhao and Shen fighting to the death as Zhao attempts to join hands with the Manchu on the edge of the Ming empire. Shen kills Zhao while Yi helps and is scheduled for death row however receives a pardon from the newly crowned Chongzhen emperor.

Cast
Chang Chen as Shen Lian
Cecilia Liu as Zhou Miao Tong
Wang Qianyuan as Lu Jian Xing
Ethan Li as Jin Yi Chuan
Nie Yuan as Zhao Jingzhong
Chin Shih-chieh as Wei Zhongxian
Ye Qing as Zhang Yan
Zhou Yiwei as Zhou Yi Wei
Zhu Dan as Wei Ting
Zhao Lixin as Han Kuang
Ye Xiang Ming as Emperor Chongzhen

Production
The story of Brotherhood of Blades was written by directors Lu Yang and Chen Shu. The script was already completed by the time Yu's debut feature My Spectacular Theatre was released in 2010. The film received funding only after Chang Chen had committed to the role of Shen Lian. The film received RMB30 million (US$5 million) from China Film and was shot in 67 days.

Release
Brotherhood of Blades was released on August 7, 2014, in China. Derek Elley of Film Business Asia wrote that the film was shown "with relatively little fanfare and a poor marketing campaign that harmed its box office in a strong field". At the end of its run, the film has earned ¥90 million ($14 million) in China.

The film was shown at the Busan International Film Festival in October 2014.

Reception
Derek Elley of Film Business Asia gave the film an eight out of ten ratings, calling it a "Top-notch martial-arts drama boasts a meaty script and performances to match" and "the most satisfying Chinese wuxia movie since Reign of Assassins"

Film and arts writer Philippa Hawker of Sydney Morning Herald gave the film 4.5 out of 5, praising the movie as "a gripping, entertaining martial arts drama in which the cut-and-thrust of the narrative is as important as the swordplay action. It's a film of plot twists and turns and moral ambiguities punctuated with combat scenes, an ensemble piece with strong performances and an involving storyline."

Awards and nominations

References

External links

2010s historical action films
Chinese martial arts films
Wuxia films
Films set in 17th-century Ming dynasty
Chinese historical action films
Films set in 1620
Films set in 1627
2014 martial arts films
Films about revenge
Films scored by Nathan Wang


title: My Oh My (Sad Café song)

text:
"My Oh My" is a song by British band Sad Café, from their third album Facades (1979). It was released as a single in 1980 and was a top 20 hit, reaching No. 14 on the UK Singles Chart, and spending a total of 11 weeks on the chart.

Track listing
UK 7" single
A. "My Oh My"
B. "Cottage Love"

Charts

References

1979 songs
1980 singles
Sad Café (band) songs
RCA Records singles
Song recordings produced by Eric Stewart


title: Canoeing at the 2015 Pan American Games – Qualification

text:
Qualification systems
A quota of 160 canoers (40 slalom and 120 sprint) will be allowed to qualify. Both slalom and sprint will have one qualification event each at the Pan American Olympic Festival, where a specific number of boats per event will qualify. For the sprint events a total of three athlete quotas have been reserved for nations that have not qualified an athlete. A nation may enter a maximum of six male kayakers, four male canoers, five female kayakers, and one female canoer. A maximum of fifteen athletes can compete for a nation in sprint, while a maximum of six can compete in slalom. In slalom nations may choose to have the same athlete in the same event, reducing the number of athletes from forty. The remaining quotas (after teams select their squads) in sprint will be reallocated to countries not already qualified. The host nation (Canada) is guaranteed participation in each event, granted it partakes in the qualification events. Countries qualifying athletes in the K-1 and C-1 slalom events for men but not the C-2 event may compete in the C-2 event using athletes qualified in the first two events.

Qualification summary

Nations may enter boats in any of the sprint events, granted they have enough quotas for that discipline.

Slalom

Qualification timeline

Qualification table

Sprint
17 countries took part in qualification races. Out of those 17, ten managed to qualify a single quota. The remaining seven who competed (Barbados, Dominican Republic, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Puerto Rico, Trinidad and Tobago and Uruguay) were eligible for the three remaining quotas reserved for countries not having any quotas at the qualification event. However the results of the Pan American Championships were used instead to determine the wildcards, with two of the previously nations not qualified (Guatemala and Dominican Republic) receiving a quota, along with the United States in the women's canoe event.

Argentina had qualified ten male kayakers and six female kayakers (the maximum allowed is six for male and five for female), this created a further five athlete quotas.
Canada had qualified 23 athletes, with the maximum being 15 athletes. This created a further eight athlete quotas.
Cuba has qualified eight female athletes (with a maximum allowing for five female). This created an additional three athlete quotas.
Mexico has qualified ten male kayakers and six female kayakers (the maximum allowed is six for male and five for female), this created an additional five athlete quotas.
A minimum total of 21 athlete quotas had to be redistributed.

Qualification timeline

Men's K1 200m

Men's K2 200m

Men's K1 1000m

Men's K2 1000m

Men's K4 1000m

Men's C1 200m

Men's C1 1000m

Men's C2 1000m

Women's K1 200m

Women's K1 500m

Women's K2 500m

Women's K4 500m

Women's C1 200m

References

External links
Sprint Pan American Championship results

2014 in canoeing
Qualification for the 2015 Pan American Games
Canoeing at the 2015 Pan American Games


title: 2014 Clube de Regatas do Flamengo season

text:
The 2014 season is the 119th year in the club's history, the 103rd season in Clube de Regatas do Flamengo's football existence, and their 44th in the Brazilian Série A, having never been relegated from the top division.

Club

First-team staff
As of August 12, 2014.

Other information

First-team squad

Players with Dual Nationality
   Lucas Mugni
   Eduardo da Silva
   Mattheus
   Paulo Victor

Out on loan

Transfers

In

Out

Statistics

Appearances and goals
Last updated on January 5, 2015.
 Players in italic have left the club during the season.

|}

Top scorers
Includes all competitive matches

Clean sheets
Includes all competitive matches

Disciplinary record

Overview

Competitions

Campeonato Carioca

First phase (Taça Guanabara)

Matches

Semifinals

Final

Copa do Brasil

Round of 16

Quarterfinals

Semifinals

Average attendances
Includes all home matches in the 2014 Copa do Brasil.

Série A

League table

Results summary

Pld=Matches played; W=Matches won; D=Matches drawn; L=Matches lost;

Results by round

Average attendances
Includes all home matches in the 2014 Série A.

Matches

Copa Libertadores

Standings

Average attendances
Includes all home matches in the 2014 Copa Libertadores.

Matches

References

External links
 Clube de Regatas do Flamengo
 Flamengo official website (in Portuguese)

Brazilian football clubs 2014 season
CR Flamengo seasons


title: Sold (2014 film)

text:
Sold is a 2014 drama film directed by Jeffrey D. Brown based on Patricia McCormick's novel Sold.

The film is executive produced by Emma Thompson and produced by Jane Charles. The script was written by Joseph Kwong and Jeffrey D. Brown.

Plot
Lakshmi, a young girl, lives in a mountain side village in rural Nepal with her mother and disabled, unemployed father. She wishes to work and save enough money to buy a tin roof for the house, while her mother encourages her to finish her schooling. A period of heavy rain causes the rice fields to become swamped and damages all remaining crops, leaving the family without a source of income. While attending a village festival, Lakshmi meets Bimla, a foreign woman who entices her with stories of the city and offers her a job in India as a maid. Lakshmi's mother rejects the proposal, but her father reveals that he has already agreed and accepted money from Bimla, out of desperation.

Lakshmi and Bimla pass the border without incident and arrive at their destination, a building known as 'Happiness House', which is a brothel run by a woman named Mumtaz. Unaware that she has been sold into sexual slavery, Lakshmi mingles with the other girls at the brothel, including Shahanna and Anita, who she befriends; and the temperamental Monica. Later that night, she is dressed and prepared for Varun, an important and high-paying customer who has a preference for virgins. Resisting his advances, Lakshmi bites Varun and uses the ensuing chaos to escape the building. On the street, she blindly runs for help but is caught and beaten by Mumtaz's workers, who subsequently lock her in an isolated room. While looking out of the window, Lakshmi is spotted by Sophia, an American photographer who has arrived in India to work with an anti-trafficking organisation, Hope House. Sophia takes pictures of Lakshmi, but she is noticed by a brothel worker, Suren, who breaks her camera. After recovering the photos, Sophia becomes determined to save 'the girl in the window', and requests help from Hope House manager Mrs. Tripathi, and her investigators Vikram and Sam.

After multiple failed attempts to ensure her cooperation, Mumtaz drugs Lakshmi's mango juice and prepares her once again for Varun, who rapes her. The next day, she is drugged again and forced to service multiple men. Sophia asks Vikram to raid Happiness House, but he is reluctant to do so without proper planning. No longer new, Lakshmi is given a bed in the communal living space and made to work as the other women do. She befriends Harish, a young boy living at the brothel with his infant sister Gina and mother Pushpa, who is a sickly prostitute. After witnessing workers bury a body in a shallow grave, Lakshmi contemplates suicide but is stopped by Shahanna. Days pass and soon Lakshmi becomes resigned to her fate. She calculates the number of days needed for her to pay off her debt to Mumtaz, but is discouraged by Shahanna, who warns her that there will be consequences if her notes are found. Anita tries to escape, and is punished by Mumtaz, who shoves chilli peppers into her vagina in front of the others. Lakshmi saves Shahanna after she is attacked by an irate customer, and Bimla informs her that the bodies of those who die on the premises are buried in the garden. Monica, who has managed to pay back her debt to Mumtaz after five years, leaves the brothel and returns to her village, where she expects to be welcomed as a heroine since she has been financially providing for her family. Vikram and Sam arrive at Happiness House, posing as customers. Sam gives Lakshmi a card containing the details of Hope House and informs her that a raid will be held soon. The exchange is overheard by Anita. Lakshmi confides in Shahanna, who is dismissive and claims that American men are sent to kidnap girls and harvest their organs. A bruised and battered Monica returns to Happiness House, having been beaten by her father and thrown out of her village. A week later, the women are taken to see a doctor, who examines them and discovers that Monica has Kaposi's sarcoma, a symptom of HIV/AIDS. She is forced to leave the brothel.

While delivering soft drinks to customers, Harish sees Lakshmi in the garden and offers her a bottle. They hide from Suren, who comes looking for Harish and the missing crate of drinks. Anita witnesses the scene and causes a power outage, which stops the pair being found and punished. Mumtaz confronts the women about the power cut, and finds the Hope House card. Anita falsely claims it is hers and is struck by Mumtaz, but she is able to return the card to Lakshmi and tells her that she lied to buy time for the upcoming raid. The raid begins but the police and Sam find nothing since the younger girls are hidden away by Bimla. Sophia apologizes to Vikram for pushing him to conduct a premature search. Anita is sold by Mumtaz to the Middle East, where she will be a sex slave and never be able to return. Pushpa becomes increasingly sick and is forced to leave with Harish and Gina, since she can no longer work. Lakshmi begins to plan her escape, and manages to slip out of a window while the others are watching a religious festival on TV. She is chased by one of the brothel workers but manages to escape in the thick crowds of worshipers. After initially getting lost, Lakshmi finally makes her way to Hope House and is reunited with Harish. Using her information, the police conduct a surprise raid on Happiness House, and find the hidden girls and buried bodies. Bimla, Suren and others are arrested, but Mumtaz gets away. Later that night, the rescued girls burn their working clothes at Hope House.

Cast
 Niyar Saikia – Lakshmi
 Gillian Anderson – Sophia; based on the humanitarian photographer Lisa Kristine.
 David Arquette – Sam
 Seema Biswas – Amma
 Sushmita Mukherjee – Mumtaz
 Parambrata Chatterjee – Vikram
 Ankur Vikal – Varun
 Neerja Naik – Anita
 Priyanka Bose – Monica
 Tillotama Shome – Bimla
 Madan Krishna Shrestha – Ganesh, Lakshmi's father
 Seirah Royin – Mrs. Tripathi

Reception

Awards

References

External links

 Sold on YouTube
 Sold at Indiegogo

2014 drama films
2014 films
American drama films
Films about prostitution in India
Films based on American novels
Films set in Nepal
Films about child abduction in India
Films about child prostitution
2010s American films
Indiegogo-funded films


title: Andrew McMahon in the Wilderness (album)

text:
Andrew McMahon in the Wilderness is the debut studio album by American rock pianist Andrew McMahon, under the moniker Andrew McMahon in the Wilderness. Following the demise of Jack's Mannequin, McMahon released The Pop Underground (2013) EP. He began recording an album between late 2013 and early 2014 at various studios in Los Angeles, California, with producers Mike Viola and James Flannigan. Described as a pop, soft rock and electronic album, it drew comparisons to Fun, the Killers and Passion Pit. Half of the material on the album was co-written with Viola, while the balance was co-written with various musicians.

Preceded by four singles, "Cecilia and the Satellite" in August, "High Dive", "Canyon Moon" and "See Her on the Weekend" in September, Vanguard Records released Andrew McMahon in the Wilderness on October 14, 2014. It was met with a favorable reaction from music critics, many of whom found it an enjoyable listen. Tours of the US and Australia, and music videos for "Cecilia and the Satellite" and "High Dive" helped to promote the album. It charted at number 21 on the US Billboard 200, as well as reaching upper positions on the Alternative, Digital and Independent album charts. "Cecilia and the Satellite" and "High Dive" appeared on various Billboard charts.

Background
Jack's Mannequin released their third album People and Things in October 2011 through the Warner Bros. imprint Sire Records. The album was made between 2009 and 2011, during which there was a leadership change at Warner Bros. As a result, the album was recorded on three separate occasions. Throughout the making of the album, vocalist/pianist Andrew McMahon felt that it was time to move on to another project. He considered the album the final part of the Jack's Mannequin story that he had initially intended would last for only one record. In February 2012, McMahon began dropping suggestions that the band's breakup was imminent. McMahon soon ended his partnership with Warner Bros. because of creative differences, and left his management. He took a step back from the music industry, moved out of Los Angeles to San Clemente, and spent his time focusing on his marriage, mental health and confidence.

In September, "Wrecking Ball Heart", a track that McMahon viewed as both the final Jack's Mannequin song and his first solo song, was posted online. Jack's Mannequin played their last show in November. McMahon spent the next few months in studios writing pop songs and writing songs for the TV show Smash. After this, he worked on songs for a solo EP; The Pop Underground EP was released in April 2013. McMahon then earned a support slot for O.A.R. on their headlining US tour between June and August. Around this time, McMahon received an Emmy nomination for Smash and found new management. They suggested he take time off from touring to work on new songs. Following this, he stayed alone in a cabin in Topanga Canyon, near Los Angeles, California, in August. He spent the weekdays writing for his debut solo album, and the weekends at home with his pregnant wife. He worked 10 hours per day, sat at his piano, and wrote batches of songs every week. Collectively, he spent two months at the cabin.

Production
Following his time in Topanga Canyon, McMahon began working with producer Mike Viola in his Echo Park garage studio. McMahon took what he enjoyed while making the EP, namely the concept of going into a studio and working on something in a timely manner and applied it to the album's sessions. In December 2013, McMahon and Viola came up with a demo of "High Dive". It featured a piano, programmed drums and guitar; after muting the guitar track, the pair were surprised at the clarity of the piano against the rest of the recording. They realized they could work around the production without needing to have too many layers to focus on. This subsequently became the production template for the rest of the album. A friend of McMahon's liked the work of songwriter James Flannigan and suggested that McMahon work with him. The two of them with Flannigan's writing partner, Anders Grahn, collaborated on songs in Hollywood.

After an impressive session, Flannigan was invited to help complete the album with McMahon and Viola. When the trio met for the first time, McMahon cautioned them he might have to leave at a moment's notice as his wife was due to give birth any day. His daughter Cecilia was born in February 2014; despite this, sessions continued into April. McMahon and his manager contacted Vanguard Records (who McMahon knew through friends) after more than half the album had been recorded and began working with them. McMahon, Flannigan and Viola worked in a variety of production areas at studios in Los Angeles to finish the album. They included: Barebones Studios, Big Evil, Rusk Studios, LAFX (with engineer Spencer Guerra), Spendlove Studios and Limbo Studios in the UK.

McMahon sang, he and Flannigan played keyboards, and Viola added bass. Viola and Flannigan sang backing vocals; Viola added guitar on "Black and White Movies". Flannigan contributed programming, with additional programming by Viola and Jake Sinclair, who provided additional production. Patrick Warren came up with string arrangements for "High Dive and "Rainy Girl"; McMahon self-produced the latter song at Gat 3 with engineer Glenn A. Tabor III. Zac Clark (who added programming, keyboards and tambourine) and Jay McMillan (who added programming, drums and percussion) co-produced "See Her on the Weekend". Sinclair mixed the final recordings at Infrasonic Sound, before Pete Lyman mastered them there.

Composition

Overview
Musically, critics have described the sound of Andrew McMahon in the Wilderness as pop, soft rock and electronic, incorporating the classic rock and Americana elements of the Jack's Mannequin albums The Glass Passenger (2008) and People and Things. It earned comparisons to Fun, the Killers and Passion Pit. Similar to The Pop Underground, McMahon wanted to merge contemporary instrumentation, such as synthesizers and programming, with classic instrumentation, like piano, bass and drums. He purposefully did not want any guitar, which helped him to establish his own sound. While working on the album, McMahon said Daft Punk, LCD Soundsystem, M83 and Passion Pit influenced him.

The album's title refers to McMahon being out of the major label system and without a band and his subsequent attempts to find his way back. The album discusses where McMahon was in his life at the time, and tackles some themes from Jack's Mannequin's Everything in Transit (2005), namely returning to southern California and starting a new life and the new topics of reflection and parenthood. McMahon wrote some material from a Sliding Doors-esque (1981) perspective and asked himself: "What would have come next if I hadn’t encountered that bizarre chapter of my disrupted 20s?" McMahon co-wrote half of the album's material with Viola, while the balance was self-written ("Rainy Girl") or co-written with Sam Hollander, Kevin Griffin of Better Than Ezra, Flannigan, Grahn, Andrew Goldstein and Brian Lee.

Tracks
McMahon co-wrote "Canyon Moon" in four hours with Griffin (whom McMahon had known since the early days of touring with Something Corporate) and Hollander. The trio made a demo of the track and forgot about it until McMahon listened to it later and re-wrote parts of it. Though McMahon said the song is not about him directly, it talks about a person leaving Los Angeles as he had after disbanding Jack's Mannequin. "Cecilia and the Satellite" was written knowing he and his wife were expecting their first child. It was one of the last songs written for the album, and summarizes McMahon's life up to that point. It incorporates group vocals in the vein of Bastille. While on the way to a studio, McMahon heard Don Henley's "The Boys of Summer" and wanted to pick apart its anatomy with Viola. After noticing how vivid the song's lyrics were, they began writing "High Dive". McMahon tackled it from the viewpoint of splitting up with his wife and her moving on, saying it was about loving a person "so much that you'll take anything they're willing to give even if it's not enough". McMahon's weekend trips to see his wife inspired the creation of "See Her on the Weekend". It talks about long-distance love and occupying time until Friday.

"Black and White Movies" was one of the earliest songs McMahon wrote with Viola in his garage; he saw it as an "answer" to the work he had done with Jack's Mannequin: Everything in Transit "was all about summer and California", whereas "Black and White Movies" was "after the tourists left and the beach houses get shut down". "Driving Through a Dream" began as a psychedelic piece before McMahon reined it in and wrote about an urge to escape life and drive in a desert. The intro was compared to the beginning of People and Things track "Television". "Halls" was written about a specific moment during the first Jack's Mannequin tour while on a stop in Arizona. He had broken up with his girlfriend and attempted to reconnect. One critic viewed it as a dance-able version of People and Things song "Amy, I". "Rainy Girl", alongside "See Her on the Weekend", were some of the earliest songs written during McMahon's stay in Topanga. It talks about his enthusiasm over meeting his child. "Maps for the Getaway" is about going for broke, and borrows the melody from the Everything in Transit track "Rescued". The synthesizer channels the melody of "Edge of Seventeen" (1982) by Stevie Nicks.

Release
In July, McMahon began performing under the moniker Andrew McMahon in the Wilderness. He explained that the wilderness part of the name was "mostly an abstract one. Since putting Jack’s [Mannequin] behind me, I have forced myself into strange spaces seeking new stimulus." The name was taken from a journal that McMahon had started after moving out of Los Angeles titled In the Wilderness. His live band consisted of McMillan on drums, Mikey Wagner on bass and keyboards, and Clark on keyboards. Later that month, he played a few headlining shows with support from My Body Sings Electric and Wild Party. "Cecilia and the Satellite" was made available for streaming on July 18 via McMahon's SoundCloud profile. McMahon then supported Gavin DeGraw and Matt Nathanson on their co-headlining US tour in July and August.

On August 12, Andrew McMahon in the Wilderness was announced for release in October, the album's artwork was revealed, and "Cecilia and the Satellite" was released as a single. "High Dive" was released as a single on September 2, as was "Canyon Moon" on September 23. "See Her on the Weekend" was made available for streaming through MTV on September 29, before being released as a single the following day. Andrew McMahon in the Wilderness was made available for streaming on October 6 through Billboard website, before being released on October 14 through independent label Vanguard Records. McMahon then went on a headlining US tour in October and November. On December 5, a music video was released for "Cecilia and the Satellite", directed by Olivier Agostini.

This was followed by a "Day in the Life" video on February 25, 2015, again directed by Agostini. This version features McMahon, his wife and his daughter spending time together while on tour, before they watch him perform at a show. In August, McMahon embarked on an Australian tour. McMahon performed "Cecilia and the Satellite" on Conan on September 29, and again for Today on October 2. "High Dive" was released to alternative radio stations on October 13. The Canyons EP was released on November 20, and featured stripped-down versions of "Maps for the Getaway", "Cecilia and the Satellite", "Halls" and "High Dive", produced by John Alagia. On December 7, a music video was released for "High Dive", directed by Rich Ragsdale. In February 2016, McMahon performed on KROQ-FM's Red Bull Sound Space, playing "High Dive" and "Cecilia and the Satellite". A Grey Goon remix of "High Dive" was released in April.

Reception

Andrew McMahon in the Wilderness was met with generally favorable reviews from music critics. At Metacritic, the album received an average score of 78, based on four reviews. AbsolutePunk staff member Craig Manning said that while McMahon "retreads melodies he’s used before on more than one occasion", there was no instance "when the familiarity of the proceedings detracts from the overall enjoyment of the record". He saw it as McMahon's "most consistent front-to-back set of songs" since Everything in Transit. Melodic writer Johan Wippsson wrote that per "usual, you get the piano-based pop with luxurious and very catchy melodies", adding that with the "slightly more electronic sound", he "takes the album to an extraordinary level". Ruby Niemann of The AU Review found the production to be "glossier and more radio-friendly, which sometimes removes a lot of the intensity and emotional awkwardness that was so enjoyable about McMahon's earlier projects". The reviewer felt he can "still write a hook" noting that "when McMahon tries to write a good pop song, he really does it".

AllMusic reviewer James Christopher Monger said McMahon "taps into his more commercial sensibilities", creating "pop confections that are as effortlessly breezy and melodic as they are steeped in carefully constructed melodrama". PopMatters Colin McGuire said it was "drenched with so much of 1980s soft rock", helped by "warm, heavy synths and a gaggle of steady electronic kick drums". The Music writer Charmaine de Souza said McMahon's "piano mastery is in full-force throughout" the record, "perfectly complementing his brand of delicately phrased pop that’s introspective with just the right amount of naivety". He described it as a "promising debut" that was "laden with back-to-back radio-ready tracks." Sputnikmusic staff member SowingSeason saw it as "bursting at the seams with energetic melodies, enormous hooks, and optimistic lyrical topics." There was a "sense of rejuvenation, and it shows in everything from the jubilant piano notes to McMahon’s excited vocal delivery".

Andrew McMahon in the Wilderness charted at number 21 on the US Billboard 200. It also reached number three on Independent Albums, number four on Alternative Albums, and number 11 on the Digital Albums charts. "Canyon Moon" charted at number 41 on Rock Digital Song Sales. "Cecilia and the Satellite" reached number 96 on the Hot 100, in addition to number four on Rock Airplay, number five on Alternative Airplay, number six on Alternative Digital Song Sales and Hot Rock & Alternative Songs, number seven on Triple A Songs, number 10 on Adult Top 40, and number 24 on Adult Contemporary charts. "High Dive" charted at number 16 on the Alternative Airplay, and number 24 on the Rock Airplay charts.

Track listing
Writing credits per booklet.

Personnel
Personnel per booklet.

Musicians
 Andrew McMahon – piano, vocals, keyboards
 James Flannigan – programming, keyboards, backing vocals
 Mike Viola – additional programming, bass, backing vocals; guitar (track 6)
 Jake Sinclair – additional programming
 Patrick Warren – string arrangement (tracks 3 and 9)
 Zac Clark – programming, keyboards, tambourine (track 5)
 Jay McMillan – programming, drums, percussion (track 5)

Production
 Mike Viola – producer, engineer
 James Flannigan – producer, engineer
 Andrew McMahon – producer (track 9)
 Jake Sinclair – additional production, mixing
 Zac Clark – co-producer (track 5)
 Jay McMillan – co-producer (track 5)
 Spencer Guerra – engineer
 Glenn A. Tabor III – engineer
 Pete Lyman – mastering
 Jimmy Marble – photography
 Brendan Walter – Andrew McMahon photo
 Carrie Smith – layout

Chart performance

References
Citations

Sources

2014 debut albums
Andrew McMahon in the Wilderness albums
Vanguard Records albums
Albums produced by Andrew McMahon


title: Waldwirtschaft

text:
The Waldwirtschaft is a tavern with a large beer garden just south of Munich. It is situated in the municipality of Pullach in the ward of Großhesselohe on the high bank (fluvial terrace) of the Isar. Sepp Krätz has been the publican since 1981, and has run the Hippodrome Festival Tent at the Oktoberfest from 1995 to 2014.

The tavern is a two-winged hip roof building dating from the middle of the 19th century and is a listed building together with the neighbouring Chapel of the Holy Trinity.

History
The earliest mention of the property dates back to 776 and a dairy in the possession of Tassilo III, Duke of Bavaria, which, together with the hamlet of Baierbrunn, was gifted to the Schäftlarn Abbey in the hope that his soul might find everlasting peace. Two hundred years later the dairy left church ownership and, in 1301, the Duke's steward, Konrad von Baierbrunn, sold the property, described as "woodland with dairy", to the Holy Spirit Hospital of Munich. The Hospital made use of the dairy and other farms to provision the poor of the city. After a fire, the Order of the Holy Spirit pulled out of Munich and the Hospital, together with its farms, fell into the ownership of the City of Munich. The brewery tavern was given a public license in the 15th century.

In 1782 Hesselohe was described as a hamlet of "a few houses... with a hermitage and a little church" and the same article suggested that the area was popular with the inhabitants of Munich. It is thought that one or more hermits had moved into the general area of the dairy, and the citizens of the city would seek these out to ask for prayers on their behalf. These visitors most likely also made use of the tavern at the dairy. The popularity of the area may well have grown as a result of the annual celebration to commemorate the founding of the church. This celebration was held amongst the trees alongside the Isar during Whitsun from the 18th century.

From 1779 an annual fair would take place at the dairy to coincide with the religious celebration. This fair is most likely to have been brought into existence as a result of the financial difficulties in which the Holy Spirit Hospital had found itself. The Hospital had already sought permission from Charles Theodore, Elector of Bavaria to hold a festival on June 29 to celebrate the Feast of Saints Peter and Paul. The dairy fell into difficulties during the Napoleonic Wars when the tenants became bankrupt. The City agreed to an auction in order to achieve some liquidity. A café owner from Munich, Paul Schröfl, became the new owner. He built a dance pavilion amongst the trees which became popular with the young people of Munich. Around this were built a number of lodges for closed communities, particularly groups of artists from Munich.

References

Beer gardens in Germany


title: Malleus (bivalve)

text:
Malleus is a genus of hammer oysters (marine bivalve mollusks) in the family Malleidae. This genus includes 27 known species.

Characteristic of this genus is the unusual "hammer-shaped" outline of the valves. The shells are nearly equivalved, but the hinge line is extremely long and is at nearly a right angle to the rest of the valves, which grow ventrally. The viscera of the organism are arranged in an oval-shaped patch near the umbones of the valves.

Species
 Malleus albus Lamarck, 1819
 Malleus anatinus (Gmelin, 1791)
 Malleus candeanus (d'Orbigny, 1853)
 Malleus daemoniacus Reeve, 1858
 Malleus legumen Reeve, 1858
 Malleus malleus (Linnaeus, 1758)
 Malleus meridianus Cotton, 1930
 Malleus regula (Forsskål in Niebuhr, 1775)

Gallery

References

Malleidae
Bivalve genera
Taxa named by Jean-Baptiste Lamarck


title: Giovanni Francesco da Rimini

text:
Giovanni Francesco da Rimini (1420–1469), was an Italian painter. The artist was previously only known as the Master of the Scenes from the Life of the Virgin, until the works were properly attributed.

Life
He was born in Rimini, and documents have him in Padua between 1441 and 1444, and several times in Bologna between 1459 and 1469. He painted primarily religious works for church commissions. His style and depictions of depth in some of his works infer that he may have been influenced by the sculptures of Agostino di Duccio. Corrado Ricci saw in his style the influence of Bonfigli, and attributed to him paintings in the apse of the Duomo of Atri. He died in Bologna in 1469. Ricci sets the year of death as 1471.

References

 Charles R. Mack, European Art in the Columbia Museum of Art, Including the Samuel H. Kress Collection, Volume I: the Thirteenth though the Sixteenth Century, Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 2009, 74–77.

External links

1420 births
1469 deaths
15th-century Italian painters
Italian male painters
People from Rimini


title: 1993 Davis Cup World Group

text:
The World Group was the highest level of Davis Cup competition in 1993. The first-round losers went into the Davis Cup World Group qualifying round, and the winners progressed to the quarterfinals and were guaranteed a World Group spot for 1994.

The United States were the defending champions, but were eliminated in the first round.

Germany won the title, defeating Australia in the final, 4–1. The final was held at the Messe Düsseldorf Exhibition Hall in Düsseldorf, Germany, from 3 to 5 December. It was the German team's 3rd Davis Cup title overall.

Participating teams

Draw

First round

Australia vs. United States

Italy vs. Brazil

Austria vs. France

India vs. Switzerland

Spain vs. Netherlands

Sweden vs. Cuba

Denmark vs. Czech Republic

Russia vs. Germany

Quarterfinals

Italy vs. Australia

France vs. India

Netherlands vs. Sweden

Germany vs. Czech Republic

Semifinals

India vs. Australia

Sweden vs. Germany

Final

Germany vs. Australia

Notes

References

External links
Davis Cup official website

World Group
Davis Cup World Group
Davis Cup


title: Alfred Zerbel

text:
Alfred Zerbel (8 September 1904 – 15 December 1987) was a German general who served as a staff officer in the Wehrmacht during World War II, and as the second Inspector of the Army in the German Army of the Bundeswehr.

Biography
Zerbel first entered the military as an infantry officer candidate in the Reichswehr in 1924, and received his commission in 1927. In the Wehrmacht, he served in the army's general staff, the Oberkommando des Heeres, and as first staff officer (chief of staff) of the 299th Infantry Division and Army Group Centre on the Eastern Front. He received the Silver German Cross in February 1945. At the end of the war, he led a Kampfgruppe of the 11th Panzer Division.

After being captured by the Americans, he was a prisoner of war until 1948. During the denazification period, he served on the U.S. Army's Operational History (German) Section. In 1956, he joined the Bundeswehr as a colonel. He was promoted to brigadier general, and then Major General, serving as a staff officer and deputy corps commander. In 1958, he was made commander of the 2nd Panzergrenadier Division, and in April 1960 he became Inspector of the Army, the commander of the German Army, on the death of Hans Röttiger. He served until his retirement in September 1964.

References

External links
 Biography on Deutsches Heer website

1904 births
1987 deaths
People from Ostritz
Military personnel from the Kingdom of Saxony
Lieutenant generals of the German Army
German prisoners of war in World War II held by the United States
Military personnel from Saxony
German Army officers of World War II


title: Curvature (disambiguation)

text:
Curvature refers to mathematical concepts in different areas of geometry.

Curvature may also refer to:

Curvature LLC, a network hardware company
Human vertebral column, curvature of the spine
Curvatures of the stomach, curvatures of the stomach
Figure of the Earth, curvature of the Earth
Degree of curvature, degree of curvature used in civil engineering
Curvature (film)


title: Colletotrichum somersetense

text:
Colletotrichum somersetense is a morphologically cryptic species described by J.A Crouch in 2014. This species belongs to Colletotrichum caudatum sensu lato and is a pathogen on warm-season grasses (Sorghastrum nutans). Presence of a unique filiform appendage at the apex of the conidium is the distinctive morphological character.

References

Phyllachorales
Fungi described in 2014


title: Break Up 100

text:
Break Up 100 (分手１００次) is a 2014 Hong Kong romantic comedy film directed by Lawrence Cheng.

Plot
Sam (Cheng) and his girlfriend Barbara (Chau) open up a joint cafe - the "LA Cafe Pillowcase". It later becomes a hotspot for recently separated couples to share their stories and memorabilia from past relationships.

Cast
Ekin Cheng
Chrissie Chau
Ivana Wong
C AllStar
Miriam Yeung
Eric Kot
Chin Kar-Lok
Angela Tong

Reception
The film has earned HK$7.03 million in Hong Kong.

On South China Morning Post's 48 Hours magazine, Yvonne Teh gave the film 3 out of 5 stars.

References

2014 romantic comedy films
2014 films
Hong Kong romantic comedy films
2010s Hong Kong films


title: GiGi Erneta

text:
GiGi Erneta, an American actress, talk show host and writer known for her starring role in the award-winning film Flag of My Father, as Captain Judith Rainier.

Early life and education
was born in New York City, to Argentinian parents. She studied in the Royal Academy of Dance, Playhouse West, and the Second City Los Angeles.

Career
GiGi is also known for her roles in When The Bough Breaks, Happy Death Day and Happy Death Day 2U. She also has had recurring roles on Veep, The First, Veronica Mars, Spanish soap operas and guest roles on Nashville, Jane the Virgin, American Crime, Scandal, NCIS: New Orleans, Friday Night Lights, Strong Medicine, and many others network shows.

Erneta is also a contributor to Fox News Latino.

Filmography

Film

Television

References

American television actresses
Living people
American film actresses
Actresses from Hollywood, Los Angeles
American Protestants
American people of Argentine descent
Hispanic and Latino American actresses
Year of birth missing (living people)
21st-century American women


title: Sava Fault

text:
The Sava Fault (, ) is a fault in Slovenia, Italy, and in Croatia. Its western end lies in northern Friuli-Venezia Giulia, where it strikes E-W through Tarvisio and is known as the Fella Fault. It enters Slovenia in Kranjska Gora and then bends southward to pass through Jesenice. North of Kranj the fault is oriented NW-SE. In Kamnik the fault returns to an E-W orientation and runs eastward through Celje. It then enters Croatia in Rogaška Slatina and continues to Đurmanec. Here it also merges with the Šoštanj Fault, Labot Fault (Lavanttal Fault), and Periadriatic Fault. The eastern continuation is the Drava Fault.

The movements along the Sava Fault are dextral strike-slip with an offset of about 30 to 60 km.

The Sava Fault was first recognized by Friedrich Joseph Teller in 1896.

References

Geology of Slovenia
Geology of Italy
Geology of Croatia
Seismic faults of Europe


title: Guy Ben-Ari

text:
Guy Ben-Ari (; born 1984 in Tel Aviv, Israel) is an Israeli painter living and working in New York City.

Biography
Ben-Ari received his MFA from Columbia University's School of the Arts in 2011, and his BFA with honors from Bezalel Academy of Art and Design in Jerusalem in 2009, where he received the Presser Award for Excellence in Painting. In 2008, Ben-Ari was selected for the Exchange Program for Merit Students to study Painting at the Slade School of Fine Art, UCL, London.

Ben-Ari's body of work focuses on the connection between Psychoanalytic theory, Semiotics and the medium of painting. Following the Psychoanalyst Jacques Lacan’s notion that 'The word kills the thing' by fixing its meaning, he uses an illustrative approach to examine the way metaphors, when taken literally, become dysfunctional. Ben-Ari is interested in the implications of using painting, a medium that rejects literal interpretation, to analyze concepts that reject visual interpretation. Ben-Ari's recent work uses painting as a framework to study elements of post-structuralism and psychoanalytic theory. Much of his work originates in jokes or illustrations of related concepts and situations, as he attempts to employ a literal strategy in an image, without collapsing into a mere illustration.

Since 2009, Ben-Ari runs an arts cultural group with artist Leah Wolf called Meta Meta Meta, to help support the arts in their community in Brooklyn.

Ben-Ari was an artist-in-residence at the Lower East Side Printshop, Triangle Arts in Brooklyn, New York and was a SIP Award recipient from the Robert Blackburn Printmaking Workshop Program at The Elizabeth Foundation for the Arts. Ben-Ari also worked as an Artist-in-Residence at the Lower Manhattan Cultural Council Workspace Residency and at the NARS Foundation, New York.

References

External links
 Guy Ben-Ari's official website
 Guy Ben-Ari at The Lower Manhattan Cultural Council

Jewish artists
Columbia University School of the Arts alumni
1984 births
Living people
Bezalel Academy of Arts and Design alumni
Painters from New York City


title: SBS Drama Awards

text:
The SBS Drama Awards (), also known as SBS Awards Festival, is an awards ceremony presented annually by Seoul Broadcasting System (SBS) for outstanding achievements in Korean dramas aired on its network. It is held annually on December 31. The highest honor of the ceremony is the "Grand Prize" (), awarded to the best actor or actress of the year.

Grand Prize (Daesang)

SBS Special Award

Top Excellence in Acting Awards

Best Actor

Best Actress

Best Actor in a Miniseries

Best Actress in a Miniseries

Best Actor in a Mid-Length Drama

Best Actress in a Mid-Length Drama

Best Actor in a Special Planning Drama

Best Actress in a Special Planning Drama

Best Actor in a Serial Drama

Best Actress in a Serial Drama

Best Actor in a Genre & Fantasy Drama

Best Actress in a Genre & Fantasy Drama

Best Actor in a Romantic-Comedy Drama

Best Actress in a Romantic-Comedy Drama

Best Actor in a Monday–Tuesday Drama

Best Actress in a Monday–Tuesday Drama

Best Actor in a Wednesday–Thursday Drama

Best Actress in a Wednesday–Thursday Drama

Best Actor in a Daily/Weekend Drama

Best Actress in a Daily/Weekend Drama

Best Actor in a Miniseries Fantasy/Romance Drama

Best Actress in a Miniseries Fantasy/Romance Drama

Best Actor in a Miniseries Genre/Action Drama

Best Actress in a Miniseries Genre/Action Drama

Best Actor in a Miniseries Genre/Fantasy Drama

Best Actor in a Miniseries Fantasy Drama

Best Actress in a Miniseries Genre/Fantasy Drama

Best Actor in a Miniseries Romance/Comedy Drama

Best Actress in a Miniseries Romance/Comedy Drama

Excellence in Acting Awards

Best Actor

Best Actress

Best Actor in a Miniseries

Best Actress in a Miniseries

Best Actor in a Mid-Length Drama

Best Actress in a Drama Special

Best Actor in a Special Planning Drama

Best Actress in a Special Planning Drama

Best Actor in a Serial Drama

Best Actress in a Serial Drama

Best Actor in a Drama Short

Best Actress in a Drama Short

Best Actor in a Fantasy Drama

Best Actress in a Fantasy Drama

Best Actor in a Genre Drama

Best Actress in a Genre Drama

Best Actor in a Romantic-Comedy Drama

Best Actress in a Romantic-Comedy Drama

Best Actor in a Monday–Tuesday Drama

Best Actress in a Monday–Tuesday Drama

Best Actor in a Wednesday–Thursday Drama

Best Actress in a Wednesday–Thursday Drama

Best Actor in a Daily/Weekend Drama

Best Actress in a Daily/Weekend Drama

Best Actor in a Miniseries Fantasy/Romance Drama

Best Actor in a  Miniseries Genre/Action Drama

Best Actress in  Miniseries Fantasy/Romance Drama

Best Actress in Miniseries Genre/Action Drama

Best Actor in a Mini-Series Genre/Fantasy Drama

Best Actress in a Mini-Series Genre/Fantasy Drama

Best Actor in a Mini-Series Romance/Comedy Drama

Best Actress in a Mini-Series Romance/Comedy Drama

Supporting Awards

Best Supporting Actor

Best Supporting Actress

Special Acting Awards

Actor

Actress

Producer's Award

Top 10 Stars

Big Star Award

Newcomer Awards

Best New Actor

Best New Actress

New Star Award

Youth Awards

Best Young Actor

Best Young Actress

Popularity Awards

Netizen Popularity Award

SBSi Award

Best Couple Award

Sitcom

Variety

Radio

Friendship Award

Other Awards

Achievement Award

Hosts

Records
Most Daesang wins:
Park Shin-yang (2) – Lovers in Paris (2004), War of Money (2007)
Han Suk-kyu (2) – Deep Rooted Tree (2011), Romantic Doctor, Teacher Kim (2016)
Kim Nam-gil (2) – The Fiery Priest (2019), Through the Darkness (2022)
Youngest Daesang winner: Moon Geun-young (Age: 21) – Painter of the Wind (2008)

See also

 List of Asian television awards
 KBS Drama Awards
 MBC Drama Awards

References

South Korean television awards
Awards established in 1993
Annual events in South Korea
South Korea annual television specials


title: Julia Bray

text:
Julia Margaret Bray (born 28 September 1952) is a British scholar of Oriental studies who specialises in Medieval to Early Modern Arabic literature. Since 2012, she has been the Laudian Professor of Arabic at the University of Oxford and a Fellow of St John's College, Oxford. She previously taught Arabic and Arabic literature at the universities of Manchester, Edinburgh and St Andrews, and was Professeur de littérature arabe médiévale at the Paris 8 University from 2003 to 2012.

Early life and education
Bray was born on 28 September 1952 in Cambridge, England. She was educated at the Collège Sévigné, an all-girls private school in Paris, France. She read Oriental Studies at St Hilda's College, Oxford, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts (BA) degree in 1974. After working as an archivist, she studied for a Doctor of Philosophy (DPhil) degree at St Cross College, Oxford. She completed her DPhil in 1984.

Academic career
In 1983, Bray joined the University of Manchester as a lecturer in Arabic. She was then a senior lecturer in Arabic at the University of Edinburgh from 1989 to 1992. She was a visiting lecturer at St Antony's College, Oxford for the 1994/95 academic year, and James Mew Senior Research Fellow in Arabic in the Faculty of Oriental Studies, University of Oxford, from 1994 to 1996. She was senior lecturer in Arabic at the University of St Andrews from 1996 to 2003, and then Professeur de littérature arabe médiévale at the University of Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis from 2003 to 2012.

Since September 2012, she has been the Laudian Professor of Arabic at the University of Oxford. She is also a Fellow of St John's College, Oxford. She co-edits (with Wen-chin Ouyang) the Edinburgh Studies in Classical Arabic Literature monograph series, published by Edinburgh University Press. The chair was renamed the Abdulaziz Saud AlBabtain Laudian Professorship of Arabic in after a re-endowment in 2016, and she is due to retire in 2022.

Bray's research covers medieval Arabic literature (pre-1800), especially poetry, narrative and biography. As well as formal literary analysis of Classical Arabic literature, she uses it as a source for the history of ideas, and to analyse social and cultural meanings.

Selected works

References

Living people
Laudian Professors of Arabic
British orientalists
Fellows of St John's College, Oxford
British Arabists
Academics of the University of Manchester
Academics of the University of Edinburgh
Academics of the University of St Andrews
Academic staff of Paris 8 University Vincennes-Saint-Denis
Alumni of St Hilda's College, Oxford
Alumni of St Cross College, Oxford
British medievalists
Intellectual historians
1952 births


title: 2014–15 Empoli FC season

text:
The 2014–15 season was Empoli Football Club's first season in Serie A since the 2007–08 season. The team competed in both Serie A and the Coppa Italia.

Players

Squad information

Competitions

Serie A

League table

Results summary

Results by round

Matches

Coppa Italia

Statistics

Appearances and goals

|-
! colspan="10" style="background:#dcdcdc; text-align:center"| Goalkeepers

|-
! colspan="10" style="background:#dcdcdc; text-align:center"| Defenders

|-
! colspan="10" style="background:#dcdcdc; text-align:center"| Midfielders

|-
! colspan="10" style="background:#dcdcdc; text-align:center"| Forwards

|-
! colspan="10" style="background:#dcdcdc; text-align:center"| Players transferred out during the season

Goalscorers

Last updated: 17 January 2016

References

Empoli FC seasons
Empoli


title: Brette Taylor

text:
Brette Taylor is an American actress, producer and country music singer-songwriter.

Taylor was born in Cincinnati and raised in NYC. She graduated High School of Performing Arts and also studied with the Cincinnati Ballet Preparatory Company at the University of Cincinnati – College-Conservatory of Music.

She began her acting career in theater, television and film, including guest-starring appearances in the multiple episodes in the Law & Order franchise, Spin City, Numb3rs and Unforgettable. She had the recurring role in the FX series, Rescue Me in 2007. Also in 2007, she released her debut studio album Breaking News. In film, she had a supporting role in Laws of Attraction opposite Julianne Moore.

In 2014, Taylor was cast as Martha Wayne in the pilot episode of Fox series, Gotham. Later in that year she joined the cast of the ABC drama series, Nashville, recurring as Deacon's feisty muse, Pam York.

Filmography

References

External links

Living people
American television actresses
American film actresses
American stage actresses
Actresses from Cincinnati
20th-century American actresses
21st-century American actresses
American women singer-songwriters
American women country singers
American country singer-songwriters
Singers from Cincinnati
Year of birth missing (living people)
Singer-songwriters from Ohio
Country musicians from Ohio


title: Master of Pratovecchio

text:
The Master of Pratovecchio (active between about 1435 and 1455) was an Italian painter of the Renaissance, named by Roberto Longhi in a 1952 article on the basis of stylistic similarities of a number of works to an altarpiece painted for the monastery of San Giovanni Evangelista in Pratovecchio. The centre panel of the triptych, depicting the Assumption of the Virgin is currently on deposit in Arrezo; the left and right side-panels are in the National Gallery, London.

Other works attributed to the artist include Three Archangels in the Gemäldegalerie, Berlin, a Madonna and Child in the Fogg Art Museum, Cambridge, Massachusetts, another Madonna and Child in the Pinacoteca di Brera, Milan and a Madonna with six angels, in the Pierpont Morgan Library & Museum, New York.

The Master's works are considered to be strongly influenced by the painters Domenico Veneziano and Andrea del Castagno, but also the sculptor Donatello.

In 1974 a painting then in the Getty collection attributed to the Master of Pratovecchio (subsequently sold in 2011), depicting a Madonna and Child with Saint Bridget and the Archangel Michael, was linked by Burton B. Fredricksen to a painting similarly to have included the Archangel Michael and Saint Bridget, commissioned in 1439 for the Bridgetine convent at Pian di Ripoli, for which payment was made to a Giovanni di Francesco del Cervelliera da Rovezzano. However, due to marked differences in style between the works attributed to the Master of Pratovecchio and those attributed for Giovanni di Francesco later in the 1450s, it has been suggested that despite the payment, the work was not created by Giovanni di Francesco, but only later, by another.

Another name, suggested by Padoa Rizzo in 1993, is Jacopo di Antonio (1427-1454), a cousin of Giovanni di Francesco. However, the only work previously associated with him is of a different style again, attributed by some instead to Pesellino or a close follower.  Writing in 2005 Andrea De Marchi therefore considered the identifications so far presented to be "not at all satisfactory".

References

Further reading
  R. Longhi: Il Maestro di Pratovecchio. In: Paragone, 35 (1952) pp. 28–29
  M. Davies: Earlier Italian Schools  (National Gallery Catalogues). London 1961
  B. Fredericksen: Giovanni di Francesco and the Master of Pratovecchio. Malibu 1974
  A. Padoa Rizzo: Ristudiando i documenti: Proposte per il „Maestro di Pratovecchio“ e la sua tavola eponima. In: Studi di storia dell’arte sul Medioevo e il Rinascimento II,. Florenz 1993
  A. Padoa Rizzo: The Master of Pratovecchio. In: The Dictionary of Art, London 1996

Year of birth unknown
Year of death unknown
15th-century Italian painters
Fresco painters
Painters from Florence


title: Pamu Pamorada

text:
Annielie Gerez Pamorada (born January 8, 1992), better known as Pamu Pamorada, is a Filipina actress and comedian from Lipa, Batangas.

Biography
She was abandoned by her parents in her childhood. She started her career in showbusiness after she won as the 2nd Big Placer of Pinoy Big Brother: Unlimited on Day 155. Since then, she has made some guest appearances in different television programs and teleseries in ABS-CBN.  Her biggest break came in 2014, when she was given a major supporting role as the best friend of Kathryn Bernardo's character in the blockbuster film, She's Dating the Gangster.

Filmography

Television

Online

Movies

References

External links

1992 births
Living people
Star Magic
Pinoy Big Brother contestants
People from Lipa, Batangas
Actresses from Batangas
Filipino women comedians


title: Steven H. Low

text:
Steven H. Low is a Professor of the Computing and Mathematical Sciences Department and the Electrical Engineering Department at the California Institute of Technology.   He is known for his work on the theory and mathematical modeling of Internet congestion control, algorithms, and optimization in power systems.

Academic biography
Low received his BS in electrical engineering from Cornell University in 1987, and PhD in electrical engineering from the University of California, Berkeley under the supervision of Pravin Varaiya in 1992.  He was with AT&T Bell Labs in Murray Hill, NJ, from 1992 to 1996, the University of Melbourne, Australia, from 1996 to 2000, and joined Caltech in 2000.

Research
Low pioneered a mathematical theory of large-scale networks under end-to-end congestion control such as the Internet, with implications on resource allocation, routing, and network architecture. He and his research team designed a new congestion control algorithm called FAST TCP based on this mathematical theory, built a unique testbed WAN-in-Lab and worked with high-energy physicists (HEP) at Caltech, CERN and around the
world to break world records on data transfer.  His work is instrumental in changing the focus of congestion control research and land speed record contests from parameter tuning to algorithm design and analysis.

Through a startup called FastSoft, his team actively pursued the deployment of their research which has been accelerating the world's largest content distribution and social networks as well as other Fortune 500 companies.

Upon returning to Caltech after Fastsoft, his research began to focus on the control and optimization of distributed energy resources for future smart grids.

Awards and honors

Low is an IEEE Fellow, a co-recipient of an R&D 100 Award, and IEEE prize papers awards. He has been a Chair/Honorary/Guest/Adjunct Professor with Zhejiang University, China, National Taipei University of Technology, Taiwan, Shanghai Jiaotong University, China, and Swinburne University of Technology, Australia.

References

Living people
California Institute of Technology faculty
Fellow Members of the IEEE
American computer scientists
Cornell University alumni
University of California, Berkeley alumni
Year of birth missing (living people)


title: Wooden bullet

text:
Wooden bullets are wooden projectiles designed to be fired from a gun. They are intended to be used as less lethal weapons for crowd control by enforcing pain compliance at a distance. They have been known to raise large welts or bruises on their targets.

History of use
During the Second World War, some German troops were equipped with wooden bullets, while British troops were trained with wooden bullets to avoid the cost of metal bullets.

Wooden bullets were also used by British troops in Hong Kong. During a 2014 protest in Missouri following the shooting of Michael Brown, the police fired wooden bullets at protesters. During the 1999 WTO anti-globalization movement in Seattle, the police shot wooden bullets at protesters.

A team of research engineers in Wisconsin used , , 2-by-4 pine bullets propelled at  by an air cannon to test the resistance of tornado shelters made of wood.

See also
 Bean bag round
 Plastic bullet
 Rubber bullet

References

Bullets
Non-lethal projectiles
Riot control weapons
Wood products


title: 2014–15 AC ChievoVerona season

text:
The 2014–15 A.C. ChievoVerona season was the club's eighth consecutive season in Serie A. The team competed in Serie A, finishing 14th, and in the Coppa Italia, where Chievo was eliminated in the third round by Pescara.

Players

Squad information
In italics players who left the club during the season.

Transfers

In

Out

Pre-season and friendlies

Competitions

Serie A

League table

Results summary

Results by round

Matches

Coppa Italia

Statistics

Appearances and goals

|-
! colspan="10" style="background:#FFFF00; color:blue; border:2px solid blue; text-align:center"| Goalkeepers

|-
! colspan="10" style="background:#FFFF00; color:blue; border:2px solid blue; text-align:center"| Defenders

|-
! colspan="10" style="background:#FFFF00; color:blue; border:2px solid blue; text-align:center"| Midfielders

|-
! colspan="10" style="background:#FFFF00; color:blue; border:2px solid blue; text-align:center"| Forwards

|-
! colspan="10" style="background:#FFFF00; color:blue; border:2px solid blue; text-align:center"| Players transferred out during the season

Goalscorers

Last updated: 24 May 2015

References

AC ChievoVerona seasons
Chievo


title: Rainer Lagemann

text:
Rainer Lagemann is a German metal sculptor and photographer. He is best known for his abstract steel sculptures of the human body.

Early life

Lagemann was born in Düsseldorf, Germany on 14 September 1959. He attended the Albert Einstein Gymnasium for primary and secondary school, before taking an internship in a copper mine in Chile and then serving Germany with 18 months of civil service Zivildienst, delivering food to the elderly. He attended FH Lippe in Detmold, Germany in Interior-Architecture and Design between 1983 and 1987. After college he began a career in interior design. He moved to California in 1988, and eventually founded the interior design firm Bay Window Coverings in Berkeley, California. In 1992 he then founded The Magazine, which imported and retailed furniture from Europe to the Bay area.

The Magazine
The Magazine was a furniture store chain in the Bay Area, with stores in Berkeley and San Francisco. Lagemann is the co-founder of The Magazine furniture chain in California and began his sculpture career in 2005. In 2001 he debuted the company website, and began selling the furniture online nationally, in addition to his brick-and-mortar stores. Within a few years, more than half of the company's business came in online. The company brought in about $2.3 million per year as of 2003. Lagemann sold his share in the business in 2007.

Sculpture

Lagemann began his metal sculpting career when he learned to weld in 2005. In 2009 he moved from San Francisco to living in Miami. His work consists largely of life-sized sculptures of the human body while pursuing activities like swimming, yoga, climbing, or running. The sculptures are made of hollow metal squares, creating abstract figures.

The Huffington Post has stated of Lagemann that his sculptural work is descendant of Pablo Picasso, especially his creation of abstracted figurative sculptural work, writing further that, "He has an inventive and innovative iconic style, fashioned from hundreds of cut metal squares that he precisely welds together to form a whole."

He has created public art pieces including pieces proposed for the Miami Metrorail. Galleries that have exhibited his work include the Nikola Rukaj Gallery in Toronto, Ode to Art Gallery in Singapore and DTR Modern Galleries in Boston, New York, Washington DC and Palm Beach.

Gallery

References

Living people
German sculptors
German male sculptors
1959 births
Artists from Düsseldorf


title: Demographics of Wichita, Kansas

text:
Wichita is the largest city in the US state of Kansas and the principal city of the Wichita Metropolitan Area. As of the 2010 United States Census, the population of the city was 382,368.

History

The early 20th century saw a resurgence in growth from the nascent aircraft industry (see below) with the population increasing by 350% between 1900 and 1930. By 1920 Wichita had entered the top 100 largest cities in the United States and by 1930 reached 77th in rank. The depression of the 1930s again slowed growth, with total population only increasing by 3% between 1930 and 1940. The decades during and after World War II saw a growth spurt as the city's population increased by more than 120% between 1940 and 1960. Wichita was the 59th largest city in the country by 1960.

The period between 1950 and 1970 saw a major shift in the city's racial make-up, as the proportion of blacks in the population increased significantly. Until 1950, blacks had made up about 5% of the population, with little variation. The black population increased from 8,082 (4.8%) in 1950 to 26,841 (9.7%) in 1970. During the 1970s, the city's population grew by only 1%, but the growth rate accelerated in the following two decades to more than 13% in the 1990s. The growth among minorities is still strong.

In terms of population, Wichita is the largest city in Kansas and the 49th largest city in the United States.

2010 census data
As of the 2010 census, there were 382,368 people, 151,818 households, and 94,862 families residing in the city. The population density was . There were 167,310 housing units at an average density of .

Age
The median age in the city was 33.9 years. 26.6% of residents were under the age of 18; 10.1% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 26.9% were from 25 to 44; 24.9% were from 45 to 64; and 11.5% were 65 years of age or older.

Gender and household
The gender composition of the city was 49.3% male and 50.7% female. Of the 151,818 households, 33.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.1% were married couples living together, 5.2% had a male householder with no wife present, 13.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.5% were non-families. 31.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.48, and the average family size was 3.14.

Income
The median income for a household in the city was $44,477, and the median income for a family was $57,088. Males had a median income of $42,783 versus $32,155 for females. The per capita income for the city was $24,517. About 12.1% of families and 15.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 22.5% of those under age 18 and 9.9% of those age 65 or over.

Race and ancestry
Per the 2010 U.S. Census, the racial composition of the city was 71.9% White, 11.5% African American, 4.8% Asian, 1.2% American Indian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 6.2% from other races, and 4.3% from two or more races. Hispanics and Latinos of any race were 10.5% of the population.

The breakdown by ancestry of the Hispanic and Latino population (10.5% of the total) was:
 8.3% Mexican
 0.4% Puerto Rican
 0.1% Cuban
 1.7% other Hispanic or Latino

The breakdown by ancestry of the Asian population (4.8% of the total) was:
 2.4% Vietnamese
 0.5% Laotian
 0.4% Chinese
 0.3% Filipino
 0.3% Indian
 0.1% Korean
 0.1% Pakistani
 1.1% other Asian

Metropolitan area

Wichita is the principal city of both the Wichita Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) and the Wichita-Winfield Combined Statistical Area (CSA). The Wichita MSA encompasses Sedgwick, Butler, Harvey, and Sumner counties and, as of 2010, had an estimated population of 623,061, making it the 84th largest MSA in the United States. The larger Wichita-Winfield CSA also includes Cowley County and, as of 2010, had an estimated population of 659,372. Nearby Reno County is not a part of the Wichita MSA or Wichita-Winfield CSA, but, were it included, it would add an additional population of 64,511 as of 2010.

References

Wichita, Kansas
Wichita, KS Metropolitan Statistical Area


title: 2014–15 AC Cesena season

text:
The 2014–15 season was A.C. Cesena's first season back in Serie A after having been relegated at the end of the 2011–12 season. The team competed in Serie A and the Coppa Italia.

Players
As of 30 May 2015

Competitions

Serie A

League table

Results summary

Results by round

Matches

Coppa Italia

Statistics

Appearances and goals

|-
! colspan=10 style="background:#DCDCDC; text-align:center"| Goalkeepers

|-
! colspan=10 style="background:#DCDCDC; text-align:center"| Defenders

|-
! colspan=10 style="background:#DCDCDC; text-align:center"| Midfielders

|-
! colspan=10 style="background:#DCDCDC; text-align:center"| Forwards

|-
! colspan=10 style="background:#DCDCDC; text-align:center"| Players transferred out during the season

References

Cesena
AC Cesena seasons


title: Fly sheet

text:
A fly sheet may refer to a lightweight pamphlet or handout, such as a Flyer (pamphlet). It also may refer to:

A lightweight Horse blanket used to deter insects
Fly (tent),  the outer lining of a tent or stand-alone material shelter without walls
The Fly Sheets, pamphlets published in the late 1840s associated with Samuel Dunn and others who advocated for reform in the Wesleyan Methodist tradition

See also
Fly (disambiguation)


title: Chris Umans

text:
Christopher Umans is a professor of Computer Science in the Computing and Mathematical Sciences Department at the California Institute of Technology. He is known for work on algorithms, computational complexity, algebraic complexity, and hardness of approximation.

Academic biography
Umans studied at Williams College, where he completed a BA degree in Mathematics and Computer Science in 1996.  He then received a PhD in Computer Science from University of California, Berkeley in 2000 under Christos Papadimitriou. Following his PhD, he was a postdoctoral researcher at Microsoft Research until joining Caltech in 2002.

Research
Umans' research centers broadly around algorithms and complexity.  He has made notable contributions to varied areas within this space including random number generation, expanders, and algorithms for matrix multiplication.  A notable example is his work on developing a group theoretic approach for matrix multiplication.

In 2008, Umans and his student Dave Buchfuhrer settled a 1979 conjecture on the complexity of unbounded Boolean formula minimization; the result won a best paper award at ICALP.

Awards and honors
Umans received an NSF CAREER award in 2004 and an Alfred P. Sloan Fellowship in 2005.  Additionally, his work has received "Best Paper" awards at the International Conference on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP) and the IEEE Conference on Computational Complexity (CCC).

References

External links
 Chris Umans professional home page

Living people
California Institute of Technology faculty
Theoretical computer scientists
Year of birth missing (living people)


title: 2014–15 Minnesota Golden Gophers women's ice hockey season

text:
The 2014-15 Golden Gophers program represented the University of Minnesota during the 2014-15 NCAA Division I women's ice hockey season. The program advanced to the Frozen Four championship game for the fourth consecutive year and defeated the Harvard Crimson by a 4–1 tally in the title game.

Offseason
August 5: Six members of the Gophers roster were invited to the 2014 USA Hockey Women's National Festival. Among the Gophers attending will include Rachael Bona, Hannah Brandt, Dani Cameranesi, Milica McMillen, Cara Piazza and Lee Stecklein. The six are looking for spots on the US Under-22 team which shall take on Team Canada from August 21–24 in Calgary, Alberta.

Recruiting

News and notes
November 24: The Minnesota Golden Gophers and St. Cloud State Huskies faced off in the U.S. Hockey Hall of Fame Women’s Face-Off Classic. Golden Gophers freshman Kelly Pannek registered her first NCAA career hat trick as Minnesota prevailed by a 5–0 tally. Goaltender Amanda Leveille earned the shutout in a 19-save effort.

2014–15 Golden Gophers

2014-15 Schedule

|-
!colspan=12 style=""| Regular Season

|-
!colspan=12 style=""| WCHA Tournament

|-
!colspan=12 style=""| NCAA Tournament

Awards and honors
Sydney Baldwin, 2015 WCHA ALL-ROOKIE TEAM
Rachael Bona, 2015 ALL-WCHA THIRD TEAM
Hannah Brandt, Patty Kazmaier Award Top-3 Finalist
Hannah Brandt, 2015 WCHA Player of the Year
Hannah Brandt, 2015 WCHA Scoring Champion
Hannah Brandt,  2015 ALL-WCHA FIRST TEAM
Hannah Brandt,  2015 ALL-WCHA FIRST TEAM
Dani Cameranesi, 2015 ALL-WCHA FIRST TEAM
Milica McMillen, 2015 ALL-WCHA SECOND TEAM
Kelly Pannek, 2015 WCHA ALL-ROOKIE TEAM
Rachel Ramsey, 2015 WCHA Defensive Player of the Year
Rachel Ramsey, 2015 ALL-WCHA FIRST TEAM
Lee Stecklein, 2015 ALL-WCHA FIRST TEAM

WCHA Weekly Honors
Dani Cameranesi, WCHA Offensive Player of the Week (Week of November 25, 2014)
Dani Cameranesi, WCHA Offensive Player of the Week, (Week of February 17, 2015)
Dani Cameranesi, WCHA Offensive Player of the Week, (Week of February 24, 2015)
Meghan Lorence, WCHA Offensive Player of the Week (Week of November 18, 2014)
Kelly Pannek, WCHA Rookie of the Week (Week of November 25, 2014)

References

Minnesota
Minnesota Golden Gophers women's ice hockey seasons
Minn
NCAA women's ice hockey Frozen Four seasons
NCAA women's ice hockey championship seasons
Minne
Minne


title: Dating Fever

text:
Dating Fever () is a 2013 Chinese romantic comedy film directed by Han Jing.

Reception
On Film Business Asia, Derek Elley gave the film a grade of 6 out of 10, calling it a "frothy slice of throwaway rom-com fun" with "a lively young cast".

References

External links

2013 romantic comedy films
2013 films
Chinese romantic comedy films
2010s Mandarin-language films