title: Krishnappa

text:
Krishnappa may refer to

Bidaram Krishnappa, Carnatic musician
Kumara Krishnappa Nayak, was a ruler of the Madurai Nayak dynasty, India
Tubaki Krishnappa Nayak, an army commander in service of the Vijayanagar empire
B. Krishnappa, a Professor in India
Krishnappa Gowtham, Indian Cricketer
Budhi Kunderan, full name Budhisagar Krishnappa Kunderan an Indian Cricketer.
Anantharamu Krishnappa, Indian Writer and Publisher.
M. V. Krishnappa, Indian Politician.
M. Krishnappa (Born 1918), Indian Politician.
M. Krishnappa (Born 1953), Indian Politician.
M. Krishnappa (Born 1962), Indian Politician.

Indian masculine given names
Masculine given names


title: Palestinian tunnel warfare in the Gaza Strip

text:
A vast network of tunnels used for smuggling and warfare purposes exists under the Gaza Strip. The underground tunnel network allows Hamas and other militant groups to store and shield weapons, gather and move underground, communicate, train, launch offensive attacks, transport hostages, and retreat without being detected by Israeli or Egyptian authorities. This network of tunnels is colloquially referred to as the Gaza metro.

Size and dimensions of tunnel network
The total size and dimensions of the tunnel network in the Gaza Strip is unknown, with all parties involved keeping the details a secret. Former Prime Minister of the Palestinian National Authority Ismail Haniyeh indicated in 2016 that the tunnel network doubled the size of the Củ Chi tunnel network built by the Vietnamese National Liberation Front in the context of the Vietnam War. Citing a private briefing in February 2015, Daniel Rubinstein wrote that Israel discovered  of tunneling during the 2014 Gaza War, one-third of which intruded upon Israeli territory. Ynet's Alex Fishman reported the same figure in 2017. Haaretz reporter Yaniv Kubovich reported in June 2021 that Hamas constructed "hundreds of kilometers of tunnels the length and breadth of the Gaza Strip" after some of them were damaged during Operation Guardian of the Walls.

The tunnel system runs beneath many Gazan towns and cities, such as Khan Yunis, Jabalia and the Shati refugee camp. Typically, tunnel access points are hidden inside buildings, such as private homes or mosques, or camouflaged by brush, which impedes their detection via aerial imaging or drones. According to Eyal Weizman, "most tunnels have several access points and routes, starting in several homes or in chicken coops, joining together into a main route, and then branching off again into several separate passages leading into buildings on the other side." During the 2014 Gaza War the IDF encountered "complex tunnels, with a number of entry and exit shafts", and "[t]he main tunnel was often split, and sometimes there were parallel routes." The tunnels are usually  to  beneath the surface. On average, each tunnel is approximately  high by  wide, and equipped with lights, electricity, and sometimes tracks for transporting materials. The tunnels are often booby trapped with improvised explosive devices.

An IDF engineering officer tasked with locating tunnels told Haaretz that three tunnels discovered in 2013 opened the Israelis' eyes to proportions of the network. The engineering officer described "wide tunnels, with internal communication systems that had been dug deep beneath the surface and the sides were reinforced with layers of concrete" in which "[y]ou could walk upright in them without any difficulty." An Israeli army spokesman said that the tunnel system is "like the Underground, the Metro, or the subway."

In November 2022, the UN Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA) for Palestine refugees reported that it found a tunnel underneath an elementary school operated by the agency. "The Agency protested strongly to the relevant authorities in Gaza to express outrage and condemnation of the presence of such a structure underneath one of its installations", which it complained was "a serious violation of the Agency’s neutrality and a breach of international law" that "exposes children and Agency staff to significant security and safety risks." The UNRWA said in a statement that the agency had "cordoned off the area and swiftly took the necessary measures to render the school safe, including permanently sealing the cavity."

On 24 October 2023, Hamas released the 85-year-old Yocheved Lifshitz, who had been taken hostage in Hamas's attack on Israel on 7 October 2023. Lifshitz described walking for two to three hours through damp tunnels until she and other hostages reached a large hall. Lifshitz told reporters that Hamas has a "huge network" of tunnels that resembled a "spiderweb." According to Lifshitz, Hamas had prepared clean rooms with mattresses on the ground and the hostages received regular visits from doctors in their underground positions.

Origins and construction

The tunnel network used for warfare purposes has its origins in the smuggling tunnels connecting the Gaza Strip to Egypt. Tunnels have connected the Egyptian and Gazan sides of Rafah since the early 1980s, when the Philadelphi Route artificially divided the city. These tunnels grew in size, sophistication, and importance as a result of the Egyptian and Israeli economic blockade in 2007.

The tunnels into Israel were constructed using the expertise of the Rafah families who have specialized in digging tunnels into Egypt for commerce and smuggling. According to Eado Hecht, an Israeli defence analyst specialising in underground warfare, "[T]hese underground complexes are fairly similar in concept to the Viet Cong tunnels dug beneath the jungles of South Vietnam, though the quality of finishing is better, with concrete walls and roofs, electricity and other required amenities for lengthy sojourn."

The Israeli military has provided estimates in 2014 that Hamas spent around $30 to $90 million, and poured 600,000 tons of concrete, in order to build three dozen tunnels. Some tunnels were estimated to have cost $3 million to construct.

The Mako network published a description of the working conditions on the tunnels, citing an unnamed Israeli informant who said he worked on them, including the following details: Workers spent 8–12 hours a day on construction under precarious conditions and received a monthly wage of $150–$300. Hamas used electric or pneumatic jackhammers for digging tunnels. Tunnels were dug 18–25 meters (60–82 feet) underground at the rate of 4–5 meters a day. Tunnels were usually dug through sandy soil requiring their roof to be supported by a more durable level of clay. Tunnels were also reinforced by concrete panels manufactured in workshops adjacent to each tunnel. As of 2014, according to Yiftah S. Shapir and Gal Perel, the cost of digging a tunnel was around $100,000 and takes about three months to build.

According to reporting from Al-Monitor, individuals digging the tunnels spend long periods underground and use a device with a pedal-powered chain, similar to a bicycle, to dig through the dirt while lying on his back and pedaling with his feet.

Construction and use of the tunnels is associated with mortal danger due to accidental detonation of explosives and tunnel collapses. Hamas reported that 22 members of its armed wing died in tunnel accidents in 2017; another militant was killed on 22 April 2018.

Strategic objectives and uses
According to Eado Eado Hecht, an Israeli defence analyst specialising in underground warfare, "Three different kinds of tunnels existed beneath Gaza, smuggling tunnels between Gaza and Egypt; defensive tunnels inside Gaza, used for command centres and weapons storage; and –connected to the defensive tunnels –offensive tunnels used for cross-border attacks on Israel", including the capture of Israeli soldiers.

The Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs, an Israeli security think tank, describes tunnel warfare as a shifting of the balance of power: "Tunnel warfare provided armies facing a technologically superior adversary with an effective means for countering its air superiority." According to the center, tunnels conceal missile launchers, facilitate attacks on strategic targets like Ben-Gurion Airport, and allow cross-border access to Israeli territory.

An editorial in The Washington Post described the tunnels as "using tons of concrete desperately needed for civilian housing" and also as endangering civilians because they were constructed under civilian homes in the "heavily populated Shijaiyah district" and underneath the al-Wafa Hospital.

Defensive uses
An Al-Monitor report described tunnels within Gaza and away from the border that serve two purposes: storing and shielding weapons including rockets and launchers, and providing security and mobility to Hamas militants. The report indicated that the latter function occurs in a set of "security tunnels": "Every single leader of Hamas, from its lowest ranking bureaucrats to its most senior leaders, is intimately familiar with the route to the security tunnel assigned to him and his family." Twenty-three militants in the Qassam Brigades, the military wing of Hamas, survived Israeli shelling on 17 July 2014 and remained alive but trapped in a tunnel until the early August ceasefire. In October 2013, Ihab al-Ghussein, spokesman of the Interior Ministry of the Palestinian National Authority, described the tunnels as an exercise of Gaza's "right to protect itself." In October 2014, Hamas leader Khalid Mishal denied that the tunnels were ever to be used to attack civilians: "Have any of the tunnels been used to kill any civilian or any of the residents of such towns? No. Never! . . . [Hamas] used them either to strike beyond the back lines of the Israeli army or to raid some military sites . . . This proves that Hamas is only defending itself."

The tunnels are used to conceal and protect weapons and militants and facilitate communication, making detection from the air difficult. Hamas leader Khalid Meshal said in an interview with Vanity Fair that the tunnel system is a defensive structure, designed to place obstacles against Israel's powerful military arsenal and engage in counter-strikes behind the lines of the IDF. He admitted that the tunnels are used for infiltration of Israel, but said that offensive operations have never caused the death of civilians in Israel, and denied allegations of planned mass attacks on Israeli civilians.

In 1989, Hamas logistics officer and weapons smuggler Mahmoud al-Mabhouh escaped IDF forces through a smuggling tunnel into Egypt.

During Operation Pillar of Defense in 2012, Palestinian militants frequently made use of tunnels and bunkers to take cover from Israeli air strikes.

Offensive uses
Palestinian military personnel in Gaza explained to news website al-Monitor that the purpose of a cross-border tunnel was to conduct operations behind enemy lines in the event of an Israeli operation against Gaza. Hamas leader Yahya Sinwar, commenting on the strategic importance of the tunnels, stated: "Today, we are the ones who invade them; they do not invade us." The tunnels have been described by former Hamas Prime Minister Ismail Haniya as representative of "a new strategy in confronting the occupation and in the conflict with the enemy from underground and from above the ground." A Palestinian militia document obtained by al-Monitor and also published in The Washington Post described the objectives of the under-border tunnels:

The tunnel war is one of the most important and most dangerous military tactics in the face of the Israeli army because it features a qualitative and strategic dimension, because of its human and moral effects, and because of its serious threat and unprecedented challenge to the Israeli military machine, which is heavily armed and follows security doctrines involving protection measures and preemption. ...

[The tactic is] to surprise the enemy and strike it a deadly blow that doesn't allow a chance for survival or escape or allow him a chance to confront and defend itself.

Israeli spokespersons have maintained that the aim of the tunnels is to harm Israel civilians. According to Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, the “sole purpose” of the cross-border tunnels from Gaza to Israel is “the destruction of our citizens and killing of our children.” The Israeli government has called the tunnels "terror tunnels," stating that they have a potential to target civilians and soldiers in Israel. Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has said that the aim was to abduct and kill civilians. An IDF spokesman said the goal is "to abduct or kill civilians but will make do with a soldier, too." The Israeli newspaper Ma'ariv reported that, according to unnamed Israeli security sources, the tunnels were to be utilized in a mass casualty terror attack planned to take place on the Jewish high holy day of Rosh Hashanah, 24 September 2014. The plan was described to reporter Ariel Kahane by the sources, and reportedly revealed to the Israeli security Cabinet by Prime Minister Binyamin Netanyahu. The alleged plot entailed a planned assault in which two hundred of heavily armed Hamas fighters would have emerged at night from more than a dozen tunnels to infiltrate Israeli territory, killing and/or abducting Israeli citizens.

In September 2001, a Gazan tunnel was used to carry out an attack for the first time, in the context of the Second Palestinian Intifada, when "Palestinians detonated a 200-kilogram bomb inside a tunnel underneath the IDF border outpost of Termit on the Philadelphi corridor", resulting in the near-complete destruction of the outpost located in Rafah.

In June 2004, Hamas used tunnel bombs to attack an IDF outpost in Gaza, killing one soldier and injuring five.

In December 2004, shortly after the death of Yasser Arafat and purportedly in retaliation for the same, Hamas and Fatah tunneled under a border-crossing checkpoint at Rafah and detonated a bomb, killing five Israelis in the IDF outpost bombing attack, killing five Israeli soldiers and wounding six.

In June 2006, Hamas used a tunnel that exited near Kerem Shalom to conduct a cross-border raid that resulted in the death of two IDF soldiers and the kidnapping of a third, Gilad Shalit.

In November 2012, one Israeli soldier conducting maintenance work on the border fence was injured when Hamas's military wing, Izz al-Din Qassam Brigades, detonated a booby-trapped tunnel, and a 13-year-old Palestinian boy was killed by machine-gun fire following the explosion.

The tunnels were used in warfare on numerous occasions during the 2014 conflict. On at least four occasions during the conflict, Palestinian militants crossing the border through the tunnels engaged in combat with Israeli soldiers. Israeli officials reported four "incidents in which members of Palestinian armed groups emerged from tunnel exits located between 1.1 and 4.7 km from civilian homes." The Israeli government refers to cross-border tunnels as "attack tunnels" or "terror tunnels." According to Israel, the tunnels enabled the launch of rockets by remote control, and were intended to facilitate hostage-taking and mass-casualty attacks.

On 17 July 2014, Hamas militants carrying RPGs and assault rifles crossed the Israeli border through a tunnel about a mile away from the farming village of Sufa but were stopped by Israeli Defense Forces. The Israeli military reported that thirteen armed men had exited the tunnel, and shared video footage of them being hit by the explosion of an airstrike. Israeli authorities claimed the purpose had been to attack civilians.

On 21 July 2014, two squads of armed Palestinian militants crossed the Israeli border through a tunnel near Kibbutz Nir Am. The first squad of ten was killed by an Israeli air strike. A second squad killed four Israeli soldiers using an anti-tank weapon. The Jerusalem Post reported that the attackers sought to infiltrate Kibbutz Nir Am, but a senior intelligence source told the Times of Israel that "the Hamas gunmen were not in motion or en route to a kibbutz but rather had camouflaged themselves in the field, laying an ambush for an army patrol."

On 28 July 2014, Hamas and Islamic Jihad militants attacked an Israeli military outpost near Nahal Oz using a tunnel, killing five Israeli soldiers. One attacker was also killed.

On 1 August 2014, Hamas militants emerging from a tunnel attacked an Israeli patrol in Rafah, thus violating a humanitarian ceasefire, killing two Israeli soldiers. The militants returned to Rafah through a tunnel, bringing the body of Lieutenant Hadar Goldin with them. Israel at first believed that the militants had abducted Goldin and were holding him, but later determined that he had also been killed.

An unnamed senior intelligence source told The Times of Israel on 28 July 2014 that of the nine cross-border tunnels detected, none stretched into a civilian community, and that in the five infiltrations to that time Hamas had targeted soldiers rather than civilians. On 31 July 2014 IDF Army Radio quoted an unnamed senior military official as saying that "all the tunnels were aimed at military targets and not at the Gaza-vicinity communities". A UNHRC Commission of Inquiry on the Gaza Conflict published a report in 2015 concluding that during the 2014 conflict, "the tunnels were only used to conduct attacks directed at IDF positions in Israel in the vicinity of the Green Line, which are legitimate military targets." An Israeli intelligence source that spoke to Times of Israel indicated that none of the nine cross-border tunnels were aimed at civilian border communities. All the infiltration attempts focused on attacking military targets. The main aim of the attacks seems to have been to capture an IDF prisoner. Israeli officials condemned the UNHRC report.

On 7 October 2023, Hamas launched an attack on Israel, taking around 200 people hostage. On 24 October 2023, a hostage was released and told reporters that she was transported and kept in the tunnel network with a group of 25 hostages.

Psychological impact
Eitan Shamir and Hecht wrote that, during the 2014 Gaza War, one objective of conducting cross-border raids on Israeli settlements using tunnels  was to inflict psychological shock on the Israeli populations. A UN Commission of Inquiry found that "these tunnels and their use by Palestinian armed groups during the hostilities [of the 2014 Gaza War] caused great anxiety among Israelis that the tunnels might be used to attack civilians." According to Slesinger, the tunnels disrupt the Israelis' notion of territorial sovereignty and decreases the confidence of Israeli politicians' in their ability to manage external risks through ordinary border enforcement mechanisms such as patrols, fences, walls, and checkpoints–which in turn compromises the Israeli citizenry's "faith in the state's ability to provide security.

Kidnapping
Israel describes kidnapping Israeli civilians or taking Israeli soldiers hostage as one of the primary goals of tunnel construction. The Wall Street Journal described an attack tunnel inspected by one of its reporters as "designed for launching murder and kidnapping raids", noting that the "3-mile-long tunnel was reinforced with concrete, lined with telephone wires, and included cabins unnecessary for infiltration operations but useful for holding hostages." In October 2013, the newspaper Haaretz noted that "[t]he IDF's working assumption [was] that such tunnels [would] be made operative whenever there is an escalation in the area, whether initiated by Hamas or by Israel, and [would] be used for attacks and abduction attempts", adding that "[i]f Hamas initiates such an escalation while holding several Israeli citizens or soldiers, it would be in a much stronger position." According to The New York Times, one tunnel contained "a kidnapping kit of tranquilizers and plastic handcuffs".

Israel's countermeasures

Throughout the Second Intifada, the IDF launched numerous raids to counter-act the Palestinian use of tunnels, and had destroyed over 100 tunnels by June 2004.

In October 2006, the IDF destroyed 13 smuggling tunnels along the Philadelphi Route.

In November 2007, the IDF identified a tunnel complex concealed in a tomato hothouse with exits near Netiv HaAsara and Erez.

In November 2008, six militants were killed and a tunnel within  of the border fence was destroyed by Israeli forces.

In November 2012, the IDF carried out a one-week operation that targeted 140 smuggling tunnels and 66 tunnels used for offensive attacks, of the estimated 500 tunnels thought to exist at that time. By the end of the operation, the network of attack tunnels had been largely destroyed.

A tunnel discovered in 2013 began in the Gazan village of Abasan al-Saghira with an initial depth at the entrance of , a length of approximately , a width of approximately , a height of approximately , and a final depth at the exit of , opening into a spot some  from the Israeli settlement of Ein HaShlosha.

According to Israel, between January and October 2013, three tunnels under the border were identified, two of which were packed with explosives.

In November 2013, the IDF demolished two cross-border tunnels.

Destroying the tunnels was a primary objective of Israeli forces in the July–August 2014 conflict. The IDF reported that it "neutralized" 32 tunnels, fourteen of which crossed into Israel. A column in the Wall Street Journal cited Yigal Carmon, head of the Middle East Media Research Institute, as saying that it was the tunnels, and not the 2014 Gush Etzion kidnapping and murder that was the immediate cause of war in the summer of 2014. According to Carmon's reading of the situation, the tunnels gave Hamas the ability to stake a mass-casualty attack on the scale of the 2008 Islamist terror attack on the Taj Hotel in Mumbai that killed 164 people.

On 5 July 2014, an Israeli airstrike damaged a tunnel near Kibbutz Kerem Shalom, and a group of Hamas military inspectors were killed in an explosion at the tunnel on 6 July 2014. According to Carmon, this may have persuaded Hamas that Israel was becoming aware of the scale of the capacity for militants to infiltrate Israel via tunnels, making a successful surprise mass-casualty attack less likely, and convincing the Hamas leadership to go to war immediately before more of the tunnels could be discovered and destroyed.

On 6 July 2014, the IDF killed six Hamas militants in an attack on a cross-border tunnel near Rafah. This resulted in an escalation in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, and was a key impetus to the 2014 Israel–Gaza conflict.

On 17 July 2014, the IDF foiled an attempt by 13 militants to launch an attack near Kibbutz Sufa.

On 11 August 2014, the IDF announced they had successfully tested a system that could be used to detect these tunnels. This new system uses a combination of sensors and special transmitters to locate tunnels. The IDF expects development to cost up to NIS 1.5 billion, and could be deployed within the year.

In May 2016, the IDF located a cross-border tunnel exiting near the area of Holit that had apparently been rebuilt as a bypass after initially being destroyed during Operation Protective Edge.

In the summer of 2017, Israel began the construction of a border wall which stretched several meters underground to counter tunnel assaults. The structure is equipped with sensors to detect future tunnel construction. Concrete for the structure was produced using five concrete factories dedicated to the project and about 10 meters was completed daily. The structure was placed entirely on Israeli land.

On 30 October 2017, Israeli forces destroyed a tunnel that crossed the Gaza border into Israeli territory. Twelve Palestinians, including ten members of Islamic Jihad Movement in Palestine and two Hamas militants, were killed in the blast and subsequent rescue efforts. The most senior person killed was Brigade Commander Arafat Marshood of Islamic Jihad's al-Quds Brigades.

On 10 December 2017, Israeli forces destroyed an additional tunnel that crossed the border.

In January 2018, following the destruction of an attack tunnel from Gaza that crossed into Egypt and Israel, IDF Major General Yoav Mordechai, speaking in Arabic, said, "I want to send a message to everyone who is digging or gets too close to the tunnels: As you’ve seen in the past two months, these tunnels bring only death," referring to Hamas tunnels that had recently been destroyed by Israel. Major General Eyal Zamir stated that more Hamas tunnels into Israel would be destroyed as the construction of a barrier around the Gaza Strip will soon be completed.

In April 2018, the Israeli military announced it destroyed a tunnel that was called the "longest ever" and stretched several kilometers from inside the Gaza Strip, near Jabalia, and reached several meters into Israel, towards Nahal Oz, though no exit had yet been built

In June 2018, for the first time, an Israeli airstrike destroyed a naval tunnel belonging to Hamas.

In August 2018, the Israeli Ministry of Defense released the first pictures of an underwater barrier with Gaza designed to prevent Hamas infiltrations by sea. Construction of the barrier started two months before and is expected to be completed by the end of the year, stretching two hundred meters into the Mediterranean.

In October 2018, the Israeli military destroyed a tunnel in the southern Gaza Strip that was  long,  of which encroached upon Israeli territory.

In May 2021, Israeli airstrikes destroyed over 100 kilometers of tunnel network inside Gaza during Operation Guardian of the Walls.

In December 2021, the Israeli Ministry of Defense announced that a 65-kilometer underground barrier to deal with the threat of cross-border tunnels along the border with Gaza had been completed.

In October 2023, the Israeli Defense Forces were reported to be considering the use of sponge bombs as a non-lethal means of sealing tunnels during their incursion into the Gaza Strip.

The Egyptian government has also regarded the tunnels as a security risk. In 2013, Egypt attempted to destroy certain tunnels along its Gaza border by filling them with sewage and demolishing houses that hid their entrances, according to Joel Roskin, a geology professor at Bar-Ilan University.

See also
 Anti-tunnel barrier along Israel-Gaza Strip border
 Gaza Strip smuggling tunnels
 Sinaloa_Cartel#Tijuana Airport/Drug Super Tunnels

References

Bibliography

External links

The Gaza Tunnel Industry, Israel Defense Forces (including photos), 2018
Peering Into Darkness Beneath the Israel-Gaza Border, The New York Times, 25 July 2014 (including a map of some of the tunnels)
IDF footage of tunnel entrance built in basement of Gaza mosque

Tunnel warfare
2014 Israel–Gaza conflict
2014 in Israel
2014 in the Gaza Strip
Gaza–Israel conflict
Tunnels in Palestine
Articles containing video clips
Transport in the State of Palestine


title: Rit'ipata (Ayacucho)

text:
Rit'ipata (Quechua rit'i snow, pata elevated place / above, at the top / edge, bank (of a river), shore, also spelled Ritipata) is a mountain in the Andes of Peru, about  high. It is situated in the Ayacucho Region, Cangallo Province, Paras District. Rit'ipata lies south-west of the mountain Saywa Q'asa and north of the mountain Waranwallqa.

References

Mountains of Peru
Mountains of Ayacucho Region


title: 1829 State of the Union Address

text:
The 1829 State of the Union Address was given by Andrew Jackson, the seventh president of the United States.  He did not speak directly to the 21st United States Congress, but it was still important. Presented on Tuesday, December 8, 1829, in the United States House of Representatives chamber, it was his first address. He said, "In communicating with you for the first time it is to me a source of unfeigned satisfaction, calling for mutual gratulation and devout thanks to a benign Providence, that we are at peace with all man-kind, and that our country exhibits the most cheering evidence of general welfare and progressive improvement." He addressed the Natives, "There the benevolent may endeavor to teach them the arts of civilization, and, by promoting union and harmony among them, to raise up an interesting commonwealth, destined to perpetuate the race and to attest the humanity and justice of this Government."

References

State of the Union addresses
Presidency of Andrew Jackson
21st United States Congress
1829 documents
State of the Union Address
State of the Union Address
State of the Union Address
December 1829 events
State of the Union


title: Nicholas Cox (British Army officer)

text:
Nicholas Cox (1724–1794) was a military officer in Nova Scotia and later Lt. Governor of de la Gaspesie.  During Father Le Loutre's War, Cox was under the command of Col. Peregrine Lascelles and Lt. Col Robert Monckton of the 47th Regiment of Foot. Cox served as commander at Fort Vieux Logis, after the Siege of Grand Pre and later at Fort Edward, participating in the Bay of Fundy Campaign (1755).  He became a captain on 2 July 1753 and was the longest serving Captain at Fort Edward.   He also was at the Battle of Fort Beausejour and the Siege of Louisbourg (1758).

References

People from Hants County, Nova Scotia
1724 births
1794 deaths
47th Regiment of Foot officers


title: 2005 Monza GP2 Series round

text:
The 2005 Monza GP2 Series round was a GP2 Series motor race held on September 3 and 4, 2005 at the Autodromo Nazionale Monza in Monza, Italy. It was the tenth round of the 2005 GP2 Series season. The race weekend supported the 2005 Italian Grand Prix.

Classification

Qualifying

Feature race

Sprint race

Notes

References

Monza
GP2


title: Leslie Baily

text:
Leslie Baily (14 December 1906 – 21 February 1976) was an English journalist, and a writer and producer for BBC Radio from 1924 to 1946. He was known for his books about Gilbert and Sullivan and his BBC Radio Scrapbook programmes.

Life and career
Baily was born in St Albans, Hertfordshire, and educated at the Friends' School, Sibford, near Banbury, and Cheltenham Grammar School. He joined the staff of The Yorkshire Evening News at Leeds, where he became the paper's wireless correspondent. From there, he joined the BBC, and was responsible for a succession of features, plays, adaptations and revues first in the Leeds and Manchester studios of the BBC and then in London.

Baily's Scrapbook series began as a BBC North Regional broadcast in 1932. He later described it as "merely a selection of rather unusual items of music, drama and curious information, presented in rapid panorama. There was no theme or period". From the fourth Scrapbook, in March 1933, the programme was broadcast nationally. In December 1933 the Scrapbook concentrated on a single year – 1913 – with sound clips relating to "the world at work and play; the Volturno disaster; "Everybody's Doing It"; the Beecham Opera Season; "Pelissier Follies"; the Suffragettes; the Tango craze; Hindle Wakes; George Formby; Vesta Tilley; H. H. Asquith; Marie Lloyd; Ragtime; Pavlova, etc." Scrapbooks for other years followed in quick succession. From 1936 Baily and his co-producer Charles Brewer broadcast Star-Gazing, which alternated with the Scrapbooks; in each of these programmes, dubbed "radiobiographies",  a popular stage or screen star reminisced about his or her career. Among the one-off programmes devised and presented by Baily was a "Farewell to Daly's", to mark the closure of Daly's Theatre. A series on famous music halls began in 1938.

During the Second World War Baily gave the Scrapbook series a new look as Everybody's Scrapbook, designed to provide a link with the Empire; the formula pleased Canada and Australia as much as Britain. Another long-running series was Travellers' Tales, "Adventures and misadventures, songs and stories from lands overseas, told by world-wide travellers". After the war the Scrapbook series continued, and in 1947 "Gilbert and Sullivan" was first broadcast. It was billed as "a radio biography in six parts", and featured Carleton Hobbs as narrator, with D. A. Clarke-Smith as W. S. Gilbert and Ivan Samson as Arthur Sullivan; the music was performed by singers including Gwen Catley, Sylvia Cecil, Mary Jarred, Winifred Lawson, Charles Heslop and Richard Lewis, conducted by Stanford Robinson. In preparing the script Baily had many conversations with people who had known Gilbert and Sullivan, including Nancy McIntosh, Rupert D'Oyly Carte, and Newman Flower. The series was remade in 1949, with Charles Groves succeeding Robinson as conductor. The last Scrapbook researched by Baily – for the year 1917 – was broadcast in August 1973.

Baily wrote or compiled many books. Some were printed versions of his BBC programmes: Travellers' Tales and the Scrapbooks. The Gilbert and Sullivan Book, first published in 1952, drew from and elaborated on his BBC series. Baily and his collaborators drew on the book for the script of the 1953 film The Story of Gilbert and Sullivan. A reviewer later wrote, "Baily didn't hesitate to fictionalize parts of his book in order to make for a better story, and he doesn't hesitate in the film either. However, the film brilliantly conveys the spirit of what the G&S partnership was about."

Baily died aged 69 at his home in York.

References

External links

1906 births
1976 deaths
BBC radio producers
British male journalists
British non-fiction writers
People from St Albans
20th-century non-fiction writers


title: Partidul Liberal Reformator

text:
Partidul Liberal Reformator may refer to:

Liberal Reformist Party (Moldova)
Liberal Reformist Party (Romania)


title: Cycling at the 1960 Summer Olympics – Men's sprint

text:
The men's sprint at the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome, Italy was held on 26 to 29 August 1960. There were 30 participants from 18 nations. For the first time since 1924, nations were allowed to have more than one competitor each (the limit was raised to two); for the first time since 1924, one nation took multiple medals. Italians Sante Gaiardoni and Valentino Gasparella won gold and bronze, giving Italy a four-Games podium streak with three total gold medals—second all-time behind France's five. Leo Sterckx's silver was Belgium's first medal in the men's sprint.

Background

This was the 12th appearance of the event, which has been held at every Summer Olympics except 1904 and 1912. None of the quarterfinalists from 1956 returned. The Italian team was favored, with Valentino Gasparella (the 1958 and 1959 world champion) and Sante Gaiardoni (the 1960 world champion, and runner-up to Gasparella in both previous years).

The British West Indies made its debut in the men's sprint; East and West Germany competed as the United Team of Germany. France made its 12th appearance, the only nation to have competed at every appearance of the event.

Competition format

Sprint cycling involves a series of head-to-head matches. The 1960 competition involved nine rounds: heats, a two-round repechage, 1/8 finals, another two-round repechage, quarterfinals, semifinals, and finals.

 Heats: The 37 entrants were divided into 12 heats, most of 3 cyclists but one of 4 cyclists. After 7 withdrawals, no heat had more than 3 cyclists; many had 2 and one heat had only 1 competitor. The winner of each heat advanced directly to the 1/8 finals (12 cyclists), while all other cyclists who competed were sent to the first repechage (18 cyclists).
 Repechage 1: This was a two-round repechage. The first round consisted of 9 heats of 2 cyclists. The winners advanced to the second round of the repechage, while the losers were eliminated. The second round had 3 heats of 3 cyclists each; the top 2 in each heat joined the main competition again at the 1/8 finals (6 cyclists) while the 3rd-place rider in each heat was eliminated.
 1/8 finals: The 18 cyclists who advanced through the heats or the first repechage competed in a 1/8 finals round. There were 6 heats in this round, with 3 cyclists in each. The top cyclist in each heat advanced to the quarterfinals (6 cyclists), while the other 2 in each heat went to the second repechage (12 cyclists).
 Repechage 2: This was another two-round repechage, but with a different format. This repechage began with 4 heats of 3 cyclists each. The top cyclist in each heat advanced to the second round, while the other 2 cyclists in each heat were eliminated. The second round of this repechage featured 2 heats of 2 cyclists each, with the winners advancing to the quarterfinals and the losers eliminated.
 Quarterfinals: Beginning with the quarterfinals, all matches were one-on-one competitions and were held in best-of-three format. There were 4 quarterfinals, with the winner of each advancing to the semifinals and the loser eliminated.
 Semifinals: The two semifinals provided for advancement to the gold medal final for winners and to the bronze medal final for losers.
 Finals: Both a gold medal final and a bronze medal final were held.

Records

The records for the sprint are 200 metre flying time trial records, kept for the qualifying round in later Games as well as for the finish of races.

Leo Sterckx matched the Olympic record of 11.4 seconds in the last 200 metres of the third heat in round 1. Anésio Argenton tied it as well, in heat 4 of the 1/8 finals. Sterckx broke it with 11.3 seconds in the next heat. Sante Gaiardoni matched Sterckx's new record in the second race of the fourth quarterfinal. Valentino Gasparella dropped the record a further two-tenths of a second, to 11.1 seconds, in the first race of the first semifinal. Gaiardoni matched him in the first race of the final.

Schedule

All times are Central European Time (UTC+1)

Results

Round 1

Heat 1

Heat 2

Heat 3

Heat 4

Heat 5

Heat 6

Heat 7

Heat 8

Heat 9

Heat 10

Heat 11

Heat 12

First repechage heats

First repechage heat 1

First repechage heat 2

First repechage heat 3

First repechage heat 4

First repechage heat 5

First repechage heat 6

First repechage heat 7

First repechage heat 8

First repechage heat 9

First repechage finals

First repechage final 1

First repechage final 2

First repechage final 3

1/8 finals

1/8 final heat 1

1/8 final heat 2

1/8 final heat 3

1/8 final heat 4

Gasparella "was retroceded from 1st to 3rd place."

1/8 final heat 5

1/8 final heat 6

Second repechage heats

Second repechage heat 1

Second repechage heat 2

Second repechage heat 3

Second repechage heat 4

Second repechage finals

Second repechage final 1

Second repechage final 2

Quarterfinals

Quarterfinal 1

Quarterfinal 2

Quarterfinal 3

Quarterfinal 4

Semifinals

Semifinal 1

Semifinal 2

Finals

Bronze medal final

Gold medal final

Final classification

References

Cycling at the 1960 Summer Olympics
Cycling at the Summer Olympics – Men's sprint
Track cycling at the 1960 Summer Olympics


title: Waranwallqa

text:
Waranwallqa (Quechua wara trousers, pants / bee, wallqa collar, Hispanicized spelling Huaranhuallcca) is a mountain in the Andes of Peru, about  high. It is situated in the Ayacucho Region, Cangallo Province, Paras District. Waranwallqa lies south-west of the mountain Saywa Q'asa, south of the mountain Rit'ipata and north-east of a small lake named Yanaqucha (Quechua for "black lake", Hispanicized Yanacocha).

References

Mountains of Peru
Mountains of Ayacucho Region


title: Ava Verdeflor

text:
Ava Lorein Verdeflor (born January 2, 1999) is a Filipino-American artistic gymnast. She currently represents the Philippines in International competition but lives with her family in Allen, Texas, and holds dual citizenship.

Junior career
Verdeflor competed at the Junior Asian Championships in Tashkent, Uzbekistan in April and placed 12th, securing a qualifying spot to the 2014 Summer Youth Olympics in Nanjing, China.

Senior career
Verdeflor competed at the 2015 Southeast Asian Games. She won bronze medal and silver medal in the  Women's artistic team all-around and Women's uneven bars.

References

1999 births
American female artistic gymnasts
Filipino female artistic gymnasts
Gymnasts at the 2014 Summer Youth Olympics
Living people
Sportspeople from Tarlac
Sportspeople from Allen, Texas
World Olympic Gymnastics Academy
SEA Games silver medalists for the Philippines
SEA Games bronze medalists for the Philippines
SEA Games medalists in gymnastics
Competitors at the 2015 SEA Games
21st-century American women


title: Joseph Keene

text:
Joseph Keene (April 3, 1839 – December 1, 1921) was an American soldier who fought in the American Civil War. Keene received his country's highest award for bravery during combat, the Medal of Honor. Keene's medal was won for his actions at the Battle of Fredericksburg in Virginia, where he voluntarily seized his regiments colors after several Color Bearers had been shot down and led his regiment in the charge on December 13, 1862. He was honored with the award on December 2, 1892.

Keene was born in England. He joined the 26th New York Infantry from Utica, New York in May 1861, and mustered out with this regiment after two years. He re-enlisted with the 3rd New York Heavy Artillery in June 1863, and mustered out with this regiment in July 1865. Keene was later buried in Whitesboro, New York.

Medal of Honor citation

See also
List of American Civil War Medal of Honor recipients: G–L

References

1839 births
1921 deaths
American Civil War recipients of the Medal of Honor
Burials in New York (state)
English-born Medal of Honor recipients
English emigrants to the United States
People from Oneida County, New York
People of New York (state) in the American Civil War
Union Army soldiers
United States Army Medal of Honor recipients


title: Nikola Janković (basketball)

text:
Nikola Janković (, born February 13, 1994) is a Serbian professional basketball player for Mega Basket of the Basketball League of Serbia and the Adriatic League. Standing at , he plays the power forward position.

Professional career

Early years
Janković began training basketball in hometown club Ekonomac. Then he played for the youth system of FMP Železnik and Crvena zvezda. After turning 18, in 2012 he refused to sign a professional contract with the club from Belgrade, only to move to Belgium's Spirou Charleroi. Over the season, he averaged 5.2 points and 2.6 rebounds per game in his first international season.

Before the 2013–14 season, he moved to Verviers-Pepinster. In the new team he had much bigger role, averaging 11.4 points and 5.7 rebounds over 34 games played. In 2014–15 season, he appeared in just 18 games, averaging 16.1 points and 6.2 rebounds in 24.9 minutes per game. On June 5, 2015, he returned to Spirou Charleroi, only to part ways with the team in late August.

Mega Leks

Following the departure from Spirou Charleroi, he trained with the Serbian team Mega Leks, also playing friendly games with the –team starting with September. On September 18, 2015, he signed with Mega Leks. In February 2016, Mega Leks won the first trophy in the club's history, as they won the 2016 Serbian Cup. The 2016–17 season was the most successful season for the club since the founding; they also advanced to the finals of the 2015–16 ABA League, where they lost to Crvena zvezda. Over 29 games played in the ABA League, Janković averaged 9.3 points and 6.1 rebounds per game.

Union Olimpija
On August 17, 2016, Janković signed a contract with the Slovenian team Union Olimpija. On March 16, 2017, he was named the ABA League MVP for the 2016–17 season. He finished the regular season with an index rating of 19.24 per game. Janković averaged 16.6 points, 7.3 rebounds per game and was the fifth best scorer and the fifth best rebounder.

Sakarya BB
On July 10, 2017, Janković signed with Turkish club Sakarya BB.

Movistar Estudiantes
On July 6, 2018, Janković signed a 1+1 deal with Movistar Estudiantes of the Liga ACB.

Partizan
On December 31, 2018, Janković signed with Serbian club Partizan for the rest of the 2018–19 season.

On June 15, 2020, Janković tested positive for COVID-19.

Río Breogán
On December 28, 2021, Janković signed with Río Breogán of the Liga ACB.

Serbian national team
Janković has successfully performed for the younger representative categories. At the Under-18 European Championships he won two medals - a silver in Poland 2011 and bronze in Lithuania/Latvia 2012. In 2013 he was part of the team that came up to silver medal at the Under-19 World Championship. In 2014 he won another bronze medal - this time with the youth team at the Under-20 European Championship. He was named in the All-Tournament ideal five, averaging 15.5 points and 9.1 rebounds per game.

Awards and accomplishments
 Under-20 European Championship All-Tournament Team (2014)

References

External links

 Nikola Janković at aba-liga.com
 Nikola Janković at draftexpress.com
 Nikola Janković at eurobasket.com
 Nikola Janković at euroleague.net
 Nikola Janković at fiba.com

1994 births
Living people
ABA League players
Basketball League of Serbia players
CB Breogán players
CB Estudiantes players
KK Crvena zvezda (youth) players
KK Mega Basket players
KK FMP players
KK Olimpija players
KK Partizan players
KK Podgorica players
Liga ACB players
Sportspeople from Vranje
Power forwards (basketball)
RBC Pepinster players
Sakarya BB players
Serbian expatriate basketball people in Belgium
Serbian expatriate basketball people in Montenegro
Serbian expatriate basketball people in Slovenia
Serbian expatriate basketball people in Turkey
Serbian men's basketball players
Spirou Charleroi players


title: Athletics at the 2014 Commonwealth Games – Men's discus throw (F42/44)

text:
The Men's discus throw F42/44 at the 2014 Commonwealth Games as part of the athletics programme was held at Hampden Park on 28 July 2014.

WR World Record, GR Commonwealth Games Record, SB Season Best, PB Personal Best, DNS Did not start, DQ Disqualified, DNF Did not finish, AR Area Record

References

Men's discus throw F42 44
2014


title: Goat file

text:
In cryptovirology, a goat file is a sacrificial program file used in computer virus testing, and contains a copy of a known computer virus which will be released and injected into the machine's memory when the file is executed.

Etymology
Goat files are so named for their similar use to the sacrifice of a goat in antiquity - the file is lost in order for the virus to be studied, but it is considered a minimal loss as more goat files can easily be assimilated.

References

Computer viruses


title: Card Sharks (video game)

text:
Card Sharks is a 1988 game for the Commodore 64 developed and published by Accolade. It was designed by Mike Lorezen.

Gameplay
The player can choose between three card games:

Poker with three different variations: Five card draw, Seven card stud, Texas hold'em.
Hearts
Blackjack

Depending the chosen game the player selects up to three opponents. Besides three fictional characters (Luigi, Lady and Milton), the player can select Mikhail Gorbachev, Ronald Reagan, and Margaret Thatcher. The characters comment the game situation in a humorous way.

References

External links
Card Sharks at YouTube
Card Sharks manual

1987 video games
Accolade (company) games
Digital card games
Commodore 64 games
Commodore 64-only games
Cultural depictions of Mikhail Gorbachev
Cultural depictions of Ronald Reagan
Cultural depictions of Margaret Thatcher
Video games developed in the United States
Works about magic (illusion)


title: 1830 State of the Union Address

text:
The 1830 State of the Union Address was given by the seventh United States president, Andrew Jackson on Tuesday, December 6, 1830, to both houses of the United States Congress.  He said, "What good man would prefer a toe covered with forests and ranged by a few thousand savages to our extensive Republic, studded with cities, towns, and prosperous farms, embellished with all the improvements which art can devise or industry execute, occupied by more than 12,000,000 happy people, and filled with all the blessings of liberty, civilization, and religion?"   He speaks of the Indian Removal Act, "With a full understanding of the subject, the Choctaw and the Chickasaw tribes have with great unanimity determined to avail themselves of the liberal offers presented by the act of Congress, and have agreed to remove beyond the Mississippi River."

References

State of the Union addresses
Presidency of Andrew Jackson
State of the Union Address
State of the Union Address
State of the Union Address
21st United States Congress
December 1830 events
State of the Union
Choctaw
Chickasaw


title: Cycling at the 1960 Summer Olympics – Men's track time trial

text:
The men's track time trial at the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome, Italy, was held on 26 August 1960. There were 25 participants from 25 nations, with each nation limited to one competitor. The event was won by Sante Gaiardoni of Italy, the nation's second consecutive victory (tying Australia and France for most all-time) and third consecutive podium appearance in the men's track time trial. Dieter Gieseler won the United Team of Germany's first medal in the event in its first appearance with his silver; it was the first medal for a German athlete since 1936. Rostislav Vargashkin's bronze was the first medal for the Soviet Union in the event.

Background

This was the eighth appearance of the event, which had previously been held in 1896 and every Games since 1928. It would be held every Games until being dropped from the programme after 2004. Returning cyclists from 1956 were fifth-place finisher Luis Serra of Uruguay, eighth-place finisher Warwick Dalton of New Zealand, ninth-place finisher Anésio Argenton of Brazil, tenth-place finisher Allen Bell of the United States, twelfth-place finisher Tetsuo Osawa of Japan, and eighteenth-place finisher Paul Nyman of Finland. Sante Gaiardoni was the sprint world champion (having placed second two times in a row before finally winning in 1960) and had set the amateur world record in the time trial a month and a half before the Games.

The British West Indies made its debut in the men's track time trial. East and West Germany competed as the United Team of Germany for the first time. France and Great Britain each made their eighth appearance, having competed at every appearance of the event.

Competition format

The event was a time trial on the track, with each cyclist competing separately to attempt to achieve the fastest time. Each cyclist raced one kilometre from a standing start. This was the first time that results were measured to the hundredth of a second instead of the tenth of a second.

Records

The following were the world and Olympic records prior to the competition.

Piet van der Touw was the first to break the Olympic record, recording a time of 1:09.20. Dieter Gieseler bettered that, to 1:08.75. But Sante Gaiardoni, the world record holder, broke his own world record with a time of 1:07.27. Rostislav Vargashkin and Ian Chapman also finished faster than the old Olympic record.

Schedule

All times are Central European Time (UTC+1)

Results

References

Cycling at the 1960 Summer Olympics
Cycling at the Summer Olympics – Men's track time trial
Track cycling at the 1960 Summer Olympics


The 2014 International Tennis Tournament of Cortina was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the 1st edition of the tournament which was part of the 2014 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Cortina d'Ampezzo, Italy, between 28 July and 3 August 2014.

Singles main-draw entrants

Seeds

 1 Rankings are as of July 21, 2014.

Other entrants
The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:
  Simone Bolelli
  Federico Gaio
  Daniel Gimeno Traver
  Stefano Napolitano

The following players received entry from the qualifying draw:
  Pietro Fanucci
  Guillaume Rufin
  Viktor Troicki
  Adelchi Virgili

The following player received a special exemption into the singles main draw:
  Giovanni Lapentti

The following player entered using a protected ranking:
  Iñigo Cervantes

The following players received entry by a lucky loser spot:
  Karim Hossam
  Boris Pašanski
  Walter Trusendi

Withdrawals
  Simone Bolelli
  Peter Gojowczyk
  Maxime Teixeira

Champions

Singles

  Filip Krajinović def.  Federico Gaio 2–6, 7–6(7–5), 7–5

Doubles

  Iñigo Cervantes Huegun /  Juan Lizariturry def.  Lee Hsin-han /  Vahid Mirzadeh 7–5, 3–6, [10–8]

External links
Official website

International Tennis Tournament of Cortina
International Tennis Tournament of Cortina
International Tennis Tournament of Cortina
International Tennis Tournament of Cortina
International Tennis Tournament of Cortina


title: He's My Only Vampire

text:
is a Japanese shōjo fantasy romance vampire manga series written and illustrated by Aya Shouoto and published by Kodansha on Aria magazine. It is licensed in English by Yen Press, and in French by Kurokawa.

Characters
Aki Kirito
Kana Takachiho
Rie Kurumido
Jin Shiranui
Masayuki Takachiho
Dealer Swallow

References

External links

Fantasy anime and manga
Kodansha manga
Romance anime and manga
Shōjo manga
Vampires in anime and manga
Yen Press titles


title: Rusty Russell (disambiguation)

text:
Rusty Russell may refer to:

 Rusty Russell (born 1973), Australian software programmer
 Rusty Russell (tackle) (born 1963), American football player
 Rusty Russell (American football coach) (1895–1983), American football coach


title: Hope Pym

text:
Hope Pym is a character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by Tom DeFalco and Ron Frenz, the character first appeared in A-Next #7 (April 1999). She is the daughter of superheroes Hank Pym and Janet van Dyne in the MC2 universe. Hope Pym is a supervillain known under the codename Red Queen.

Evangeline Lilly portrays a different version of the character, Hope van Dyne, in the Marvel Cinematic Universe film Ant-Man (2015) and appears as the successor of the Wasp in the films Ant-Man and the Wasp (2018), Avengers: Endgame (2019), and Ant-Man and the Wasp: Quantumania (2023). Lilly returned in the animated series What If...? (2021) as an alternate version.

Publication history

Hope Pym debuted in A-Next #7 (April 1999), created by writer Tom DeFalco and artist Ron Frenz.

Fictional character biography
After the deaths of their parents, Hope Pym and her twin brother Big Man (Henry Pym, Jr.) became outraged when people began referring to A-Next as the "next generation" of Avengers. Using their parents' fortune, the twins put together the supervillain Revengers team and gained access to the Avengers Mansion via their parents' security codes. When they ambushed A-Next, Hope set about to torture Cassandra Lang, feeling that she's the Avengers' rightful heir. Hope was finally stopped when Henry Jr. prevented her from initiating the mansion's self-destruct sequence, which would have killed both A-Next and the Revengers.

The Red Queen was later seen using Silikong, a criminal that was mutated with a crystalized human, and his clones to get revenge on the A-Next, but her plans were thwarted by them and American Dream.

Sometime after the Spider-Verse event, the Red Queen teamed up with Entralla to take control of A-Next using hypnosis and planned to make Cassandra Lang/Stinger execute her own father, Scott Lang/Ant-Man. Her plans were thwarted by Spider-Girl (now known as Spider-Woman), the New Warriors and Uncle Ben/Spider-Man of Earth-3145.

Powers and abilities
Hope Pym / Red Queen uses implanted bio-wings to fly. She has bio-electric blasters installed on the gloves on the back of her hands, and extendable claws built into her gloves. However, she apparently does not have the ability to alter her size.

Reception

Critical response
Deirdre Kaye of Scary Mommy called Hope Pym a "role model" and a "truly heroic" female character. Screen Rant included Hope Pym in their "10 Most Powerful Variants Of The Wasp In Marvel Comics" list.

In other media

Television
 Hope van Dyne / Wasp appears in the fourth season of Avengers Assemble, voiced by Kari Wahlgren. This version is a member of the All-New, All-Different Avengers.
 Hope van Dyne / Wasp appears in Ant-Man (2017), voiced by Melissa Rauch.
 Hope van Dyne / Wasp appears in Marvel Super Hero Adventures, voiced by Marlie Collins.

Marvel Cinematic Universe

Evangeline Lilly portrays Hope van Dyne / Wasp in media set within the Marvel Cinematic Universe, with Madeleine McGraw portraying the character as a child in flashbacks depicted in Ant-Man and the Wasp. Hope appears in the live-action films Ant-Man (2015), Ant-Man and the Wasp, Avengers: Endgame, and Ant-Man and the Wasp: Quantumania. Additionally, an alternate timeline version appears in the Disney+ animated series What If...? episode "What If... Zombies?!."

Video games
 Hope van Dyne / Wasp appears as a playable character in Lego Marvel's Avengers via DLC.
 Hope van Dyne / Wasp appears as a playable character in Marvel: Contest of Champions, Marvel: Future Fight, Marvel Strike Force, Marvel Puzzle Quest and Marvel Avengers Academy.

Miscellaneous
Hope van Dyne / Wasp appears in the Ant-Man and The Wasp: Nano Battle! attraction at Hong Kong Disneyland, with Evangeline Lilly reprising her role from the films.

References

Characters created by Ron Frenz
Characters created by Tom DeFalco
Comics characters introduced in 1999
Female characters in film
Fictional characters who can change size
Marvel Comics female superheroes
Marvel Comics female supervillains
Marvel Comics film characters
Twin characters in comics


title: All the Best!

text:
All the Best! is the second official compilation album of Paul McCartney's music, after 1978's Wings Greatest. It was released in 1987 on Capitol Records and Parlophone Records.

Background
The album contains tracks from the beginning of his solo career in 1970 up to (on editions outside the United States) the newly recorded "Once Upon a Long Ago". The American version has a different track listing, reflecting the popularity of particular songs there. Originally the album was to include the unreleased London Town track "Waterspout"; there are LP slicks that feature it as the opening track on side two, as well as a cartoon icon, but the song was omitted at the last minute.

Editions outside the United States have 20 tracks on the vinyl version and 17 on CD; the CD omits "Maybe I'm Amazed", "Goodnight Tonight", and "With A Little Luck". The American edition has 17 tracks on both vinyl and CD, and omits "Pipes of Peace",  "Maybe I'm Amazed", "Once Upon A Long Ago", "We All Stand Together", and "Mull Of Kintyre", but adds "Junior’s Farm" and "Uncle Albert/Admiral Halsey". It also substitutes the studio version of "Coming Up" for an edit of the live version, and has a shorter version of "With A Little Luck".

Issued just as McCartney was beginning work on his next studio album, All the Best! was a commercial success in the UK, where it reached number 2 (having been kept off the top position by George Michael's debut solo album, Faith). In America, the compilation peaked at number 62, although it was eventually certified double platinum there.

Track listings

UK/Australian/Canadian/Japanese listing

US track listing

Charts

Chart positions

Certifications

Notes

1987 greatest hits albums
Albums produced by Paul McCartney
Albums produced by George Martin
Albums produced by Phil Ramone
Paul McCartney compilation albums
Parlophone compilation albums


The International Tennis Tournament of Cortina is a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor red clay courts. It is currently part of the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour. It is held annually in Cortina d'Ampezzo, Italy, since 2014.

Past finals

Singles

Doubles

External links
Official website
ITF Search

ATP Challenger Tour
Clay court tennis tournaments
Tennis tournaments in Italy


title: Legao

text:
Legao is the second solo album from Kings of Convenience and The Whitest Boy Alive singer Erlend Øye, recorded in Reykjavík with Hjálmar, a reggae group from Iceland. It was preceded by a video for the single "Garota" shot in Seoul. The record  was released by the label Bubbles Records on 3 October 2014.  The album peaked at #51 in Germany, #72 in Switzerland, and #144 in Belgium.

Track listing
 "Fence Me In"
 "Garota"
 "Say Goodbye"
 "Peng Pong"
 "Bad Guy Now"
 "Who Do You Report To"
 "Whistler"
 "Save Some Loving"
 "Rainman"
 "Lies Become Part of Who You Are"

Credits
 Þorsteinn Einarsson (guitar)
 Sigurður Halldór Guðmundsson (hammond organ)
 Guðmundur Kristinn Jónsson (guitar)
 Valdimar Kolbeinn Sigurjónsson (bass)
 Helgi Svavar Helgason (drums)
 Mathias Hemstock (percussion)
 Erlend Øye (vocals)
 Guðmundur Kristinn Jónsson (mix)
 Bo Kondren (mastering)
 Norman Nietzsche (mix)

Music video
 "Garota", directed by Michael Beech
 "Rainman", directed by Clara Cebria

References

2014 albums
Erlend Øye albums


title: List of fantasy comics

text:
This is a list of fantasy comics, consisting of comics whose fantasy content comprise a significant portion of the total content.

Comic books

 A Game of Thrones
 Advanced Dungeons & Dragons
 Amethyst, Princess of Gemworld
 Arak, Son of Thunder
 Arion, Lord of Atlantis
 Arrowsmith
 Artesia
 Atlas
 Battle Chasers
 Beowulf
 Berona's War
 Bone
 The Books of Magic
 Brath
 Camelot 3000
 Castle Waiting
 Cavewoman
 Cerebus the Aardvark
 The Chronicles of Corum
 Claw the Unconquered
 Conan (Marvel)
 Conan (Dark Horse)
 Conan the Adventurer
 Conan the Barbarian
 The Dark Tower
 Dark Wraith of Shannara
 Death Dealer
 Demon Knights
 The DemonWars Saga
 Dragonlance
 Dragonslayer
 The Dreaming
 Dungeon
 Dungeon Siege: The Battle for Aranna
 Dungeons & Dragons
 El Mercenario
 Elfquest
 Elric
 Epic Illustrated
 Fables
 Fafhrd and the Gray Mouser
 Finieous Fingers
 Forge of War
 Forgotten Realms
 Gargoyles
 God Is Dead
 God of War (DC Comics)
 God of War (Dark Horse Comics)
 Graphic Myths and Legends
 Grimm Fairy Tales
 Groo the Wanderer
 He-Man and the Masters of the Universe
 Heavy Metal
 The History of the Runestaff
 The Hobbit
 Ironwood
 Kill Shakespeare
 Kull of Atlantis
 Lady Death
 Little Nemo in Slumberland
 Meridian
 Michael Moorcock's Multiverse
 Monster Allergy
 Mouse Guard
 Mystic
 The New Brighton Archeological Society
 Orcs: Forged for War
 Poison Elves
 Prince Valiant
 Purgatori
 Rat Queens
 Record of the Lodoss War
 Red Sonja
 Redwall
 Rokkin
 The Saga of Crystar
 Sandman
 Savage Sword of Conan
 Savage Tales
 Scion
 Sisterhood of Steel
 Sláine
 Sleepless
 The Smurfs
 Sojourn
 Solomon Kane
 Spelljammer
 Stalker
 Starchild
 Starfire
 Sword of Sorcery
 The Swords of Heaven, the Flowers of Hell
 Tarot: Witch of the Black Rose
 Tellos
 Thorgal
 Thrud the Barbarian
 Tor
 Valda the Iron Maiden
 Vampirella
 Warlord
 Weirdworld
 The Wicked + The Divine
 W.I.T.C.H.
 Wolfskin
 World of Warcraft
 Wormy
 Xena: Warrior Princess

Webcomics
 Basileus
 Cucumber Quest
 Digger
 The Dreamland Chronicles
 Earthsong
 Elf Life
 Goblins
 Gunnerkrigg Court
 Inverloch
 The Meek
 Nimona
 Order of the Stick
 The Phoenix Requiem
 Pibgorn
 Rogues of Clwyd-Rhan

References

Fantasy
comics


title: Ellie Downie

text:
Elissa Rebecca "Ellie" Downie (born 20 July 1999) is a retired artistic gymnast who has represented Great Britain. She is the all-around 2017 European gymnastics champion, the first gymnast to win a major all-around title for Great Britain.

The younger sister of triple European champion Becky Downie, Downie first came to prominence as an outstanding junior gymnast at the 2014 Summer Youth Olympics, winning four medals. At the age of 15, she became the first British woman to win an individual all-around medal at the European Artistic Gymnastics Championships, with a bronze in 2015. Later that year, she was part of the team that won Britain's first global team medal, a bronze, at the 2015 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships. At the 2017 European Championships, she made history again by becoming the first British gymnast to win the all-around at a major international competition.

On 23 January 2023, Downie announced her retirement from the sport.

Junior career
Downie competed at the 2014 European Championships in Sofia, Bulgaria, and won a gold medal on vault, a silver medal with the British team and a bronze medal in the all-around. Based on this performance, she was selected to compete at the 2014 Summer Youth Olympics in Nanjing, China. There, she earned four medals: a silver on vault behind Wang Yan and bronzes in the all-around, balance beam and floor exercise.

Senior career

2015
Downie made her senior debut at the 2015 British Championships. She won silver on vault and uneven bars and bronze in the all-around competition, and was named to the British team for the 2015 European Championships along with her sister, Becky Downie.

She performed well in qualifications at the European Championships, qualifying for the individual all-around, vault and uneven bars finals. On 17 April, she competed in the all-around final and placed third, behind Giulia Steingruber of Switzerland and Maria Kharenkova of Russia, with a score of 56.623, winning the first ever individual all-around medal for a British female gymnast at the European Championships.

Downie was the Sky Sports Sportswoman of the Month for April 2015. On 20 December, she was named the BBC Young Sports Personality of the Year.

2016
In May 2016, Downie won all four individual event titles at the FIG World Cup event in Osijek, Croatia, becoming the first gymnast to accomplish this feat at a World Cup competition since Ludmilla Tourischeva in 1975. The following month, at the 2016 European Championships in Bern, Switzerland, she won silver medals with the team and on vault and floor exercise.

In July, she was named to the British team for the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, along with Becky Downie, Claudia Fragapane, Ruby Harrold and Amy Tinkler.

Olympic Games
In qualifications at the Olympics, Downie landed on her head during a tumbling pass on floor and was unable to finish her routine. However, she returned in the next rotation, performing two vaults, and qualified to the all-around final in 20th place. She improved on that performance in the final, finishing 13th, and the British women finished fifth in the team competition.

2017
In April Downie represented Great Britain at the European Championships in Cluj-Napoca, Romania, where she made history by qualifying for all five individual finals. The next day, she became the first British gymnast to win the all-around title at a major international competition, beating Hungary's Zsófia Kovács and France's Mélanie de Jesus dos Santos. She also won silver medals on vault and floor exercise, and won the bronze medal on the uneven bars. At the beginning of August she underwent surgery on her ankle due to an injury she had dealt with at both the British Championships and European Championships that year. Due to the surgery Downie was unable to compete at the 2017 World Championships.

2018
While Downie had intended to compete at the 2018 Commonwealth Games, her ankle was still causing her issues despite the surgery she had undergone previously and she did not compete for a majority of the year.

On 27 September Downie was named to the team to compete at the World Championships in Doha, Qatar alongside Becky Downie, Alice Kinsella, Georgia-Mae Fenton, and Kelly Simm.  The team finished ninth in qualifications and did not advance to the team final.  Individually Downie qualified to the all-around final where she finished 11th.

2019
Downie was selected to compete at the 2019 European Championships alongside Amelie Morgan, Alice Kinsella, and Kelly Simm.  She competed at the British Championships where she placed first in the all-around, on vault, and on floor exercise.  She later competed at the Birmingham World Cup where she placed seventh after falling off the balance beam and uneven bars.  At the European Championships Downie qualified to the all-around final in fourth place and to the vault final in first.  In the all-around final Downie finished second behind Mélanie de Jesus dos Santos of France.  She won bronze in the vault final behind 2015 vault champion Maria Paseka and 2017 vault champion Coline Devillard.

In September Downie was named to the team to compete at the 2019 World Championships in Stuttgart alongside Alice Kinsella, Becky Downie, Taeja James, and Georgia-Mae Fenton. During qualifications Downie helped Great Britain place seventh, earning a spot in the team final and qualifying a team for Great Britain to the 2020 Olympic Games in Tokyo.  Individually Downie qualified for the vault final.  During the team final she contributed scores on vault and uneven bars towards Great Britain's sixth place finish.  In the vault final Downie performed a Double-Twisting Yurchenko and a Cheng, earning an average score of 14.816 and winning the bronze medal behind Americans Simone Biles and Jade Carey.  This was Downie's first individual World Championships medal.  Later that day Downie's sister Becky won her first individual World Championships medal, a silver medal on the uneven bars.

2020
In early February it was announced that Downie was selected to represent Great Britain at the Birmingham World Cup taking place in late March.  However the Birmingham World Cup was later canceled due to the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom.

2021
In May, British Gymnastics announced that Downie would be taking some time away from gymnastics to be with her family following the sudden death of her 24-year-old brother Joshua on the eve of the final Olympic trial, thus ending her Tokyo 2020 Olympic bid.

Controversy
In 2021, both of the Downie sisters spoke out concerning the pressures placed on to competitiors, including over-training when injured and weight-shaming. In 2023 interviews, Ellie stated she had quit to focus on her "mental health and happiness", and also to coach junior athletes.

Personal life
Ellie is the sister of 2008 and 2016 Olympian Becky Downie. She attended the Rushcliffe School in Nottingham until the summer of 2015.

In April 2022, she and sister Becky received honorary degrees in sport from Nottingham Trent University.

Competitive history

Notes

References

External links
Official website

1999 births
Living people
British female artistic gymnasts
English female artistic gymnasts
Olympic gymnasts for Great Britain
Gymnasts at the 2014 Summer Youth Olympics
Gymnasts at the 2016 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the World Artistic Gymnastics Championships
European champions in gymnastics
Sportspeople from Nottingham
People associated with Nottingham Trent University


title: 2014 International Tennis Tournament of Cortina – Singles

text:
Filip Krajinović won the inaugural tournament by defeating Federico Gaio 2–6, 7–6(7–5), 7–5

Seeds

Draw

Finals

Top half

Bottom half

References
 Main draw
 Qualifying draw

2014 ATP Challenger Tour
2014 Men's singles


title: 2014 International Tennis Tournament of Cortina – Doubles

text:
Iñigo Cervantes Huegun and Juan Lizariturry became the inaugural doubles champions, beating Lee Hsin-han and Vahid Mirzadeh 7–5, 3–6, [10–8]

Seeds

  Riccardo Ghedin /  Claudio Grassi (semifinals)
  Wesley Koolhof /  Alessandro Motti (semifinals)
  Lee Hsin-han /  Vahid Mirzadeh (final)
  Alessandro Giannessi /  Potito Starace (quarterfinals)

Draw

Draw

References
 Main Draw

International Tennis Tournament of Cortina - Doubles
2014 Doubles


title: Shalini Patil

text:
Shalini Patil (born Shalini Phalke, later Shalini Jadhav) is the widow of Former Maharashtra Chief Minister, Vasantdada Patil. Mrs. Patil, more popularly known as Shalinitai, was an important politician in her own right who held ministerial positions in the Congress party governments of Maharashtra during the 1980s.

Early and personal life
Shalinitai was born in 1931 as Shalini Phalke, into a relatively poor family. Her father not only ensured that she received a good education, despite financial constraints, but also ensured that she married a man who would permit her to continue her education after marriage. At a young age, Shalini was married to Shyamrao Jadhav, a gentleman belonging to her own community and similar background, in a match arranged by their families in the usual Indian way. Her education continued with the full support of her husband: Shalini Jadhav earned a degree in law and was called to the Bar. She had four children with Shyamrao Jadhav and discharged her family responsibilities with the help of her husband and his near relatives, while pursuing first her education and then her political career.

Shalini Jadhav entered politics when her children were still very young. Her first public position was as a member on Satara Zilla Parishad (County Council). Later, she was appointed president of the women's wing of the MPCC (Maharashtra Pradesh Congress Committee). It was as a worker of the Congress party that she came in contact with Vasantdada Patil, her future second husband.

Shyamrao Jadhav died in 1964, and shortly after his death, Shalini married Marathi politician Vasantdada Patil. She was in her mid-30s at this time, with four small children. Vasantdada, who was fourteen years older than Shalinitai, was a widower with a grown-up son. No children were born of the second marriage.

Political career
She held ministerial positions in the Congress party Governments of Maharashtra during the 1980s. In 1981, she was instrumental in getting the then chief minister A. R. Antulay to resign. Shalinitai became active in Maharashtra politics after marrying Vasantdada Patil. Later she represented Sangli constituency in the Indian parliament (Lok Sabha) during a period in the 1980s. She represented the constituency of Koregaon, Satara in the Maharashtra state legislative assembly, the (Vidhan Sabha) from 1999 to 2009. Prior to that she unsuccessfully contested the seat in 1990 and 1995 for the Janata dal and as an independent respectively.

During the 1970s, she founded a charity called Rajmata Jijau Pratishthan to raise funds for hospitals for the poor and women related activities. The charity was in the news for controversial granting of or purchase of land by the government for the charity. Mrs. Patil was well known for speaking her mind, particularly about rights for the Maratha community. During her career, she has campaigned for more seats for women in elected bodies. She has also criticized the Indian Central Government's move to extend 27.5 per cent reservation to OBCs in the central academic institutes such as IITs and IIMs. Since her then party, the Nationalist Congress Party led by Sharad Pawar supported this policy, Shalinitai was expelled from that party in 2006. In 2009, she launched a new party called Krantisena Maharashtra. The party attracted scant support and soon Shalinitai joined the Congress party.

References

Women in Maharashtra politics
Living people
India MPs 1980–1984
Lok Sabha members from Maharashtra
People from Sangli district
State cabinet ministers of Maharashtra
Maharashtra district councillors
People from Satara district
Indian National Congress politicians from Maharashtra
Nationalist Congress Party politicians from Maharashtra
Marathi politicians
20th-century Indian women politicians
20th-century Indian politicians
Women state cabinet ministers of India
Year of birth missing (living people)
Maharashtra MLAs 1980–1985
Maharashtra MLAs 1999–2004
Maharashtra MLAs 2004–2009


title: Aleksije Vezilić

text:
Aleksije Vezilić (; 17 March 1753, in Stari Ker, now Zmajevo – 12 January 1792, in Novi Sad) was a Serbian lyric poet who introduced the German version of the Enlightenment to the Serbs.

Biography
Vezilić was born in a Serbian village called Stari Ker, today's Zmajevo, situated in the Vrbas municipality, in the South Bačka District, Vojvodina province, then part of the Austrian Military Frontier, on 17 July 1753. He completed his early schooling in Novi Sad and Segedin, and studied Latin and German at the universities of Buda and Pest. Upon graduation in 1780, he went to Vienna and enrolled in the newly established École Normale (which in time became the College of Pedagogy of the University of Vienna), then under the guidance of professor Stevan Vujanovski. Founded in Vienna, the École Normale trained teachers and supervisors of all the reformed schools. In 1782 he became a professor at a teacher's college in Karlovci. In 1785 he entered the University of Vienna to read law, and two years later, he taught Latin and German in Karlovci. In 1790 he was offered the post of regent of Serbian and Romanian Orthodox schools in what was then called the Velikovardar and Eger districts in Hungary.

He was for the better part of his life ostensibly headed for the Church, but not until 1790. After a brief period of study, he was ordained that year at Rakovac monastery in Fruska Gora. Two years later he died on 12 January 1792 at Novi Sad. He was 39.

How seriously he took himself as a poet is clear from the classical form in which he began his career. He produced in turn a book -- Kratkoje socinenije o privatnih i publicnih delah (1775) -- containing four odes, while another of his works -- Kratkoje napisenije o spokojnoj zizni (1788) -- represented the first collection of verses in modern Serbian literature. Also, he wrote a Serbian-German Dictionary entitled Rečnik malyj nemecko-serbsij, published posthumously in Vienna in 1793.

His legacy
As an intellectual, Vezilić condemned magic and superstition. He belongs to the race of poetical reformers who appeared in all countries of Europe at the end of the eighteenth century; but it is interesting to observe that in point of time he preceded all of them. He was born four years earlier than Rigas Feraios, six years before Friedrich Schiller, nine years before André Chénier, and seventeen and nineteen years earlier than William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge respectively, but he did for Serbia what each of these poets did for his own country. Vezilić found Serbian literature given to too much religiosity, rhetoric and with little art and vigor. He was the first to introduce classicism, vivacity of style, freshness and brevity of form, and an imaginative study of nature which was then unprecedented. But perhaps his greatest claim to notice is the fact that he was among the earliest intellectuals (Pavle Julinac, Jovan Rajić, Zaharije Orfelin, Dositej Obradović, Jovan Muškatirović) to call the attention of his people to the treasuries of their rich, ancient history and mythology, and to suggest the use of these in imaginative writing. Vezilić was the founder of classicism in Serbian literature, but it was the work of Lukijan Mušicki which, according to Jovan Skerlić, brought it to its apogee.

The Serbian-Russian general Semyon Zorich was also remembered in a special way, in poems published in Vienna and Buda, by Aleksije Vezilić.

References

 Translated and adapted from Jovan Skerlić's "Istorija nove srpske književnosti", Belgrade, 1914 (first edition), 1921 (second edition). pages 105 and 106.
 Translated and adapted from a biography of Aleksije Vezilić at: http://riznicasrpska.net/knjizevnost/index.php?topic=377.0

Serbian male poets
1753 births
1792 deaths


title: Stephen Grenfell (broadcaster)

text:
Stephen Grenfell was a writer and BBC Radio broadcaster. He presented BBC programmes including Sports Report. He appeared as a castaway on the BBC Radio programme Desert Island Discs on 10 August 1964.

Grenfell was born in Pretoria, South Africa and spent his formative years at Potchefstroom. In 1932 he left the country, heading for the United Kingdom for work. He served in the Second World War and was discharged in 1942 following injury. Later he joined the BBC where he was a scriptwriter, working on Radio Newsreel and with Richard Dimbleby on Down Your Way. After resigning to work freelance he wrote and narrated radio documentaries as well as writing radio plays.

Returning to South Africa in 1968 he became a freelance contributor to the South African Broadcasting Corporation with a specialism in talks on campaigns of the Second World War.

He died on 7 March 1989 in Johannesburg and was survived by his three daughters.

References

External links

Year of birth missing
British sports broadcasters

1989 deaths
BBC radio presenters
People from Pretoria


title: Bhauwapar

text:
Bhauwapar is a village in the Gorakhpur district, Uttar Pradesh in India, near the border with Nepal. It is situated  from Gorakhpur city. The ancient Mungeshwar nath temple is the heritage of Bhauwapar.

References

Villages in Gorakhpur district


title: Alireza Ramezani (footballer, born 1993)

text:
Alireza Ramezani (, born 3 June 1993) is an Iranian football midfielder, who currently plays for an Iranian club, Niroo Zamini.

Club career

Moghavemat Tehran
He joined Moghavemat Tehran in the summer of 2011. He played for the Moghavemat youth team for three seasons.

Naft Gachsaran
In winter 2013, Ramezani joined Naft Gachsaran. He played his first match for Naft Gachsaran in the 2013–14 season.

Esteghlal
He played half seasons for Naft Gachsaran and moved to Esteghlal in the summer of 2014. He officially joined Esteghlal on 29 June 2014 with a three-year contract. He made his debut for his new team in a 1–0 win over Esteghlal Khuzestan, coming as a substitute for Arash Borhani in the 68th minute, during which he assisted Sajjad Shahbazzadeh to score the winning goal.

Club Career Statistics
Last Update: 25 June 2016

Assists

International career

U20
He played thirteen matches from 2011 to 2013 for Iran national under-20 football team.

U22
After Incheon 2014 Games he invited to Iran U-22 training camp by Nelo Vingada.

References

External links
 Alireza Ramezani at FFIRI

Living people
1993 births
People from Abhar
Iranian men's footballers
Esteghlal F.C. players
Tractor S.C. players
Men's association football forwards
Men's association football midfielders


title: Jeremy Laing

text:
Jeremy Laing is a Canadian fashion designer based in Toronto, Ontario who launched his eponymous brand in 2005. Beginning with a low-key show during New York Fashion Week, he has established a reputation for sharp tailoring, geometric construction and draping and layering techniques.

Early life and career
Born in Peterborough, Ontario, Laing grew up on an army base in Germany. He developed his skills after watching his mother sew and began making clothes for friends and family as a young teenager, also learning how to create his own patterns. He won a scholarship to study fashion at Ryerson University, Toronto, also participating in the university's exchange programme and spending time at University of Westminster. London, before graduating in 2002. Laing worked for three years with Hudson's Bay Company. He subsequently worked as an assistant to Alexander McQueen, who he has described as being among his fashion mentors while he was growing up. After that, he freelanced for both McQueen and other fashion designers – he created showpiece items for five of McQueen's collections.

Eponymous brand
Although Laing has said he originally envisaged working with an established fashion brand, he eventually decided to go solo, establishing a company with a schoolfriend and launching his first collection in 2005.

This first low key showing, described as a "petit debut", was at A/W2005 New York Fashion Week. A relative unknown outside Canada, he showed his collection away from the main show area and invited people along. He soon attracted coverage in media sources such as The New York Times and has now become a fixture at New York shows, as well as showing at Toronto Fashion Week. His studio remains in the Toronto neighbourhood of Parkdale, with some production at Scarborough. Speaking of his career path, he noted that many young designers attempt to reinvent themselves every season which he believes is a mistake, adding: "I want people to collect my pieces. I don’t make disposable fashion. It should last".

Brand hallmarks
Laing is known for his draping, sharp tailoring and boxy, often layered silhouettes. Signature pieces include T-shaped dresses and oversized trench coats. While his palette is generally muted, he includes showpiece artist-commissioned textiles, some sourced from Canadian designers. In 2011, he introduced menswear, plus a range of shoes produced in collaboration with LD Tuttle.

References

External links
Homepage
Jeremy Laing collections at Vogue

Canadian fashion designers
1980 births
People from Toronto
People from Peterborough, Ontario
Toronto Metropolitan University alumni
Alumni of the University of Westminster
Living people


title: Paradise Public School

text:
Paradise Public School was established as subsidiary branch of Paradise Coaching Center in year 2011 in the Club Road of Aurangabad in Bihar state. It has the slogan "School with the Difference". The director of this school is civil engineer Krishna Sharma, After creating milestone in coaching world of Bihar, Paradise Coaching Center decided to start a school.

Headquarters
The school's headquarters is in Club Road, Aurangabad, Bihar

References

Schools in Bihar
Educational institutions established in 2011
2011 establishments in Bihar


title: Gheorghe Chivu

text:
Gheorghe Chivu (born 7 October 1947) is a Romanian linguist and philologist, university professor and member of the Romanian Academy since 2023.

He was born in Micșuneștii Mari, Ilfov County, and attended high school in nearby Snagov.

References

1947 births
Living people
People from Ilfov County
Titular members of the Romanian Academy
University of Bucharest alumni
Academic staff of the University of Bucharest


title: Stephen Grenfell

text:
Stephen Grenfell may refer to:

 Stephen Grenfell (broadcaster) (died 1989), writer and BBC Radio broadcaster
 Stephen Grenfell (footballer) (born 1966), English footballer


title: Ushuaïa Ibiza Beach Hotel

text:
Ushuaïa Ibiza Beach Hotel is a brand belonging to the Spanish Palladium Hotel Group. The brand was founded in 2011 after the meeting of Abel Matutes and Yann Pissenem. The brand includes 2 hotels: the first one is called The Ushuaïa Club and was opened in 2011 on the Balearic island of Ibiza. The second hotel, called The Ushuaïa Tower, opened a year later in 2012. Both hotels are located in Platja d'en Bossa, Ibiza.

The club has a capacity of over 7,000 people, and is one of the largest clubs in Ibiza. The club has hosted many notable DJs.

History

In July 2019, the club hosted Swedish House Mafia during their Save the World Reunion Tour, after the group announced the date in April of this year. The club was formerly called Hotel Fiesta Club until it was transformed into Ushuaïa.

The club was also featured in the video for the David Guetta/Bebe Rexha song, "I'm Good (Blue)".

The club's regular residents include mainstream DJs such as David Guetta, Martin Garrix, Calvin Harris, Kygo, Dimitri Vegas & Like Mike, Swedish House Mafia, Hardwell and Armin van Buuren, alongside their own regular "Ants" show.

The late Avicii was also a regular resident until his retirement from touring in 2016.

These residencies have yielded mainstream support acts too such as Afrojack, Alesso, The Chainsmokers, Steve Aoki, Joel Corry, Cedric Gervais, Idris Elba, Jax Jones, Jonas Blue, John Newman, Alan Walker, Zedd, will.i.am, Martin Solveig, Robin Schulz, Diplo, MK, Lost Frequencies, Oliver Heldens, Sigala, Benny Benassi, Don Diablo, Galantis, Marshmello, Sigma, Example, Sonny Fodera, Nathan Dawe, Gorgon City, Mike Perry, Alok, Duke Dumont, Pete Tong, Ofenbach and Paris Hilton.

Other notable performers have included Ed Sheeran, Eric Prydz, Pitbull, Usher, Ellie Goulding, Snoop Dogg, Jason Derulo, Tiësto, Bebe Rexha, DJ Snake, Kylie Minogue, Wiz Khalifa, Duran Duran, Stefflon Don, French Montana, Daddy Yankee, Black Coffee, CamelPhat, Ozuna, J Balvin, Sam Ryder and Tinie Tempah.

Awards and nominations

DJ Magazine's top 100 Clubs

International Dance Music Awards

International Nightlife Association's Top 100 Clubs

Hï Ibiza
After Space closed in 2016, Ushuaïa Entertainment bought the club and reopened it a year later under the name Hï Ibiza. The clubhouse includes a club and a theater, as well as three open-air areas. In 2018, Hï Ibiza hosted the 20th anniversary of the DJ Awards.

This, like its parent club, has hosted many high-profile performers like David Guetta, Martin Garrix, Steve Angello, Afrojack, Alesso, Bastille, Eric Prydz, Benny Benassi, Cedric Gervais, Dimitri Vegas & Like Mike, Diplo, Hardwell, Robin Schulz, Armin van Buuren, Jonas Blue, Jax Jones, Oliver Heldens, Lost Frequencies, MK, CamelPhat, Sam Feldt, Black Coffee, Don Diablo, Idris Elba, Future, Alok, Fatboy Slim, Nicky Jam, Ofenbach, J Balvin and Pete Tong.

Awards and nominations

DJ Magazine's top 100 Clubs

International Nightlife Association's Top 100 Clubs

Notes

References

Hotel chains in Spain
Hospitality companies of Spain
Hotels in Ibiza
Electronic dance music venues
Hotels established in 2011
Hotel buildings completed in 2011


title: Nicolae Corneanu

text:
Nicolae Corneanu (; 21 November 1923 – 28 September 2014) was a Romanian metropolitan bishop of the Romanian Orthodox Church who led the Metropolis of Banat from 1962 until his death in 2014.

Corneanu was born in Caransebeș. In 1992, he was elected an honorary member of the Romanian Academy.  He died in Timișoara, aged 90.

Honours

National honours
  Romanian Royal Family: 34th Knight of the Royal Decoration of the Cross of the Romanian Royal House
  Romanian Republic: Grand Cross of the Order of the Star of Romania
  Romanian Republic: Grand Cross of the Order of Merit
 : Order of the Star of the Romanian People's Republic, 2nd class

References

1923 births
2014 deaths
People from Caransebeș
Romanian Orthodox metropolitan bishops
Honorary members of the Romanian Academy
Recipients of the Order of the Star of the Romanian Socialist Republic
Recipients of the National Order of Merit (Romania)
Grand Crosses of the Order of the Star of Romania


title: Telugu Thalli Flyover

text:
Telugu Thalli Flyover (Asilmetta Flyover) is a flyover in the Indian city of Visakhapatnam. It was opened in the year 2013.

References

Roads in Visakhapatnam
Bridges completed in 2013
Road interchanges in India
2013 establishments in Andhra Pradesh
Bridges in Andhra Pradesh
Buildings and structures in Visakhapatnam
Uttarandhra


title: Edward A. Wilcox

text:
Edward A. Wilcox (September 8, 1830 – September 23, 1910) was an American physician and politician from Pennsylvania. Coming to Illinois at a young age with his family, Wilcox attended both public and private schooling before matriculating at Rush Medical College. He established a practice in Minonk, Illinois in 1858 which he operated until his death in 1910. Wilcox was also active in politics as a member of the county and state Republican Parties. He served two two-year terms in the Illinois Senate starting in 1872. He co-founded the North Central Illinois Medical Association in 1874.

Biography
Edward A. Wilcox was born in Wattsburg, Pennsylvania on September 8, 1830. He was the eldest child born to Dr. Levi Wilcox, who practiced medicine and was later a U.S. Consul to Kankow, China. Two of Wilcox's uncles were also physicians, and one of Wilcox' brothers would also pursue that profession. In 1837, Wilcox's family moved to Lacon, Illinois. Wilcox attended public school there and later attended private schooling at Mount Morris Academy. Wilcox's father died young, so Wilcox studied medicine under one of his uncles, R. B. Rodgers, in Lacon. He later studied with Robert Boal, a former partner of his father.

Wilcox matriculated at Rush Medical College in Chicago, Illinois, graduating in 1857. He returned to Lacon to practice for a year, then moved to Minonk, Illinois. He practiced there until his death. Wilcox was thrice named mayor of Minonk and served two terms on its school board. He was postmaster for eight years and sixteen years on the Woodford County Republican central committee. For twelve years, he served on the Illinois Republican Central Committee, four on its executive committee. He was twice a delegate to the Republican National Convention. In 1872, Wilcox was elected to the Illinois Senate, where he served two consecutive two-year terms; he was the only physician in the Senate at the time and thus focused on charitable institutions. Rush presented Wilcox with an honorary degree in 1874.

Wilcox married Caroline Mathis on June 23, 1857; they had eight children. She died in 1878 and Wilcox married a year later to Victoria Boyle. Wilcox and Boyle had another five children. Son Frederick W. practiced medicine in Minonk. Son Alfred R. (Twin Falls, Idaho) and Brainard (Minonk) practiced dentistry. Wilcox served with the Illinois Medical Society and the Woodford County Medical Organization. He co-founded the North Central Illinois Medical Association with fourteen other physicians in 1874. Wilcox died in Minonk on September 23, 1910.

References

1830 births
1910 deaths
Republican Party Illinois state senators
People from Erie County, Pennsylvania
People from Minonk, Illinois
Physicians from Illinois
Rush Medical College alumni
19th-century American politicians
People from Lacon, Illinois


title: Beaver's Pond Press

text:
Beaver's Pond Press is a hybrid publishing company based in Saint Paul, Minnesota that publishes independent authors and artists. Combining elements of royalty and self-publishing models to create what they term a “mentoring press,” Beaver's Pond Press is known for their personal interactions and creative approach to publishing.

Publishing approximately twenty-five children's books a year, Beaver's Pond Press partners with dozens of cartoonists and illustrators. They also publish a number of fiction and nonfiction books, including memoirs and cookbooks.

Books and Authors

Since Beaver's Pond Press was founded in 1998 by Milt “Beaver” Adams, they have published almost 1,000 books.

Their titles have been endorsed by people such as Bill Clinton and Garrison Keillor, and recognized by organizations such as the Writer's Digest, Moonbeam Awards, and IBPA Benjamin Franklin Awards.

Beaver's Pond authors retain the full rights to their books, and notable authors that have first self-published through Beaver's Pond and then gone on to secure royalty-publishing deals include Pockets of Joy by Roxane Battle (a #1 Amazon bestseller in the Single Parents category, endorsed by Tavis Smiley, now published by Whitaker House) and Tell My Sons by Lt. Col. Mark M. Weber (with a foreword by Robin Williams, now published by Penguin Random House).

References

Book publishing companies based in Minnesota
Publishing companies established in 1998


title: Reflektion

text:
Reflektion is a software company founded by former Google engineer Amar Chokhawala in 2012. Employing machine learning, the company has developed a next-generation personalization platform that raises conversion and revenue for leading digital retailers. The solution, referred to as Individualized Commerce, captures shopper preferences and behavior, and quickly responds to site visitors with the most individually relevant merchandise and site-search results. Chokhawala founded the company after an 11-year stint at Google, where he developed similar user modeling and semantic learning techniques for the AdSense, Gmail and Google Books platforms.

Notable clients using the Reflektion platform include The Walt Disney Company, Uniqlo, Gander Mountain, Godiva, and The Green Bay Packers. Published client results include Surfboard retailer O’Neill, which reported a 26% increase in conversion rate, 85% increase in user engagement, and 17% increase in average order size.

Based in San Mateo, California, Reflektion has gone through two major rounds of venture capital fundraising. The company has raised $29.3 million since 2012, with $18 Million in Series B Funding Led by Battery Ventures in February 2016 and $8 million of that coming in as Series A funding through Intel Capital and Nike in March, 2014. Reflektion was named one of the "Top 100 Most Promising Big Data Companies" by industry magazine CIO Review in 2014. Reflektion was selected by a board of National Retail Federation judges as the final winner of the 2015 Shop.org Digital Startup of The Year award.

References

External links
Reflektion website

Marketing analytics
Companies based in San Mateo, California
2012 establishments in California
2021 mergers and acquisitions