title: Cauca contestata

text:
Cauca contestata is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae, and the only species in the genus Cauca. It was described by Lane in 1970.

References

Apomecynini
Beetles described in 1970


title: Clavisybra

text:
Clavisybra strandiella is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae, and the only species in the genus Clavisybra. It was described by Breuning in 1943.

References

Apomecynini
Beetles described in 1943
Monotypic Cerambycidae genera


title: Craspedoderus

text:
Craspedoderus dilaticollis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae, and the only species in the genus Craspedoderus. It was described by Thomson in 1864.

References

Apomecynini
Beetles described in 1864
Monotypic Cerambycidae genera


title: Redefining Realness

text:
Redefining Realness: My Path to Womanhood, Identity, Love & So Much More is a memoir and the debut book by Janet Mock, an American writer and transgender activist. It was published on 1 February 2014 by Atria Books. The book has been praised by Melissa Harris-Perry, bell hooks, Laverne Cox, and Barbara Smith. It debuted in 19th position on The New York Times Best Seller list for Hardcover Nonfiction. The book's original title was Fish Food. The memoir follows Mock's journey as a transgender girl and young woman in Hawaii.

Summary
In Redefining Realness, Janet Mock describes her life as a transgender woman from childhood to adulthood. Mock opens the book with a scene from 2009, where she starts to tell her boyfriend Aaron that she is transgender and then starts telling her story from childhood.

Part One
In 1989, as children, Mock's friend and neighbor Marylin dares Mock to take her grandmother's dress down from the clothesline and put it on. After being caught, Mock is scolded by her grandmother and mother for wearing a dress. At four years old, Mock discovers that her father is cheating on her mother. Her parents eventually split up and at age seven Mock is sent to live with her father and brother, Chad, in Oakland, California. While there, her father tries to instill masculinity into young Mock, pushing her to participate in sports and other activities that her brother enjoys.

Mock's father gets a new girlfriend, and that girlfriend's son, a boy much older than Mock, molests her.

In 1992, Mock discovers her father smoking crack cocaine in her bedroom. At this moment she loses respect for her father. In 1994, Mock's father moves the three of them to Dallas, where the father's family lives. While in Dallas, Mock begins participating in more feminine activities with her aunts. When her father moves them into an apartment with his new girlfriend, Denise, Mock connects with her daughter, Makayla. Mock adopts a pseudonym, Keisha, and chats with boyfriends Makayla is no longer interested with over the phone as Keisha. Once, while at her aunt's apartment, one of the boys she had been meeting up with as Keisha comes looking for her. After the boy addresses Mock as Keisha in front of her father, Mock's father cuts her hair short to make her more masculine. Mock's mother eventually decides to bring Mock and her brother Chad back to Hawaii to live with her.

Part Two
Mock, Chad, and their younger brother Jeff lived with their older sister Cori and her children. While in school in Hawaii, Mock meets Wendi, another transgender girl. Through her friendship with Wendi, Mock becomes more confident, dresses more feminine, and has access to estrogen pills. At age thirteen, Mock comes out as gay to her mother, and Wendi helps her become even more feminine. Together, they meet other transgender women and drag queens.

Mock's mother gets back together with Cori's father, her boyfriend from high school, named Rick. Mock attends Moanalua High School, a rigorous school. She joins the volleyball team, and becomes more confident in her femininity. She continues to meet up with Wendi, who develops a passion for makeup.

Part Three
Mock becomes class treasurer at Moanalua. After taking estrogen in secret, she talks to her family to come out as a woman and ask to be called Janet. She repeatedly gets sent home from school for breaking the dress code by wearing skirts. She graduates from estrogen pills to shots, which she pays for in cash. She meets a boy named Adrian, who shows interest in her but rejects her when he discovers she is transgender.

After Rick gets arrested, Mock and her brothers, mother, and Rick move into a hotel room. After hanging around with Wendi and other transgender women, Mock enters the sex industry.  She makes enough money that she can pay for her own hormone therapy. Later, Rick gets arrested again, and Mock's mother moves back in with Cori. Because of the transphobia she faces at Moanalua, Mock transfers to Farrington, the school where her brother and Wendi attend. At Farrington, there is a Teen Center and a transgender support group called Chrysalis that provides resources to transgender girls. Mock comes out to her father via a letter. Mock decides she wants to undergo genital reconstructive surgery and gets an after-school job at a clothing store to save money. Mock receives a scholarship to the University of Hawai'i at Manoa. She schedules a date for a GRS procedure in Thailand for December 20, 2001.

Mock continues to work in the sex trade on Merchant Street with strict rules on what acts she will perform and for whom. She starts college at the University of Hawai'i. When she pays her mother $120 dollars for their electric bill, her mother and Chad realize how she is getting the money but say nothing. As adults, Chad tells Mock how worried he was for her. Mock is picked up on Merchant Street by a man in a van, someone she would never agree to be with under normal circumstances, but he offers her so much money, and it is so close to her GRS date, that she gets into his van. The man steals her purse and, when the other women on the street help her call the police, the officers are unhelpful. She calls a regular, Sam, to come pick her up and let her sleep in his apartment for the night. Sam offers to pay for her GRS, Mock declines, but asks him about the nude modeling her photographs for.

Mock poses for a photographer, Felix, in lingerie. This is, she says, the decision she regrets most. She gets $1500 for two modeling sessions.

Mock goes to Bangkok, Thailand, for GRS. Dr. R. and Dr. C. perform the surgery. In recovery, Mock meets an older transgender Australian woman, Genie. Mock returns to Hawaii on December 28 and her mother embraces her tearfully. While Mock recovers, her mother takes care of her. Mock accepts her mother's faults and the family is loving.

2009
Returning to 2009, having told her story to Aaron, Mock waits for a reaction. Their relationship is inconsistent for a while, and Mock makes a new friend in Mia, the woman who hired her for a People magazine job. Mock comes out to Mia as transgender. After eight months of no contact from Aaron, he comes to her apartment in the middle of the night. They reconcile, and move in together soon after. The book ends with a discussion of LGBT representation in the media and the perception that transgender women need to be out and visible at all times.

Storygiving campaign
On Christmas Eve 2013, Mock launched the Redefining Realness Storygiving Campaign. The campaign fulfilled 127 book requests from people who wished to read Redefining Realness but had financial constraints.

Redefining Realness video series
On 30 January 2014, Mock posted a series of six videos on her YouTube channel discussing topics covered in her memoir. She talks about growing up while transgender, having to take care of herself because her parents did not, and hoping that her book will reach other young transgender girls. She discusses coming out, as both transgender and a sex worker, which she says is a big theme of her book. She shares about her experience in the sex industry, how she worked in other jobs but sex work gave quick earnings and a tight-knit community, and how sex work is complex. In talking about popular culture, Mock says that Beyoncé, Aaliyah, and Janet Jackson influenced her growing up. Pop culture references appear throughout Redefining Realness, as well as references to many different types of media. Passing, Mock says, implies that transgender people are not actually the gender their identify as; she is not passing as a woman, she is a woman. In the last video, Mock discusses reading at the library as a child, how stories about women who inspired her impacted her growing up, and how her book might be the same for young girls now.

Reception
Mock has said that she wrote Redefining Realness for transgender girls of color, particularly, her own childhood self. However, many cisgender women of color have connected to themes and moments in the memoir.

Redefining Realness is praised for being one of a small number of literary texts written by transgender people of color, especially ones that feature themes of reading. Redefining Realness has also been praised for its complexity in representation of transgender people of color and for combining Western and African structures of autobiography.

A 2014 review of the book claims that while Mock's memoir is personal, it reaches across the queer, transgender, and female communities to relate to many people.

In the paper "Redefining Realness?: On Janet Mock, Laverne Cox, TS Madison, and the Representation of Transgender Women of Color in Media", scholar Julian Kevon Glover complicates the popular reception of Redefining Realness. Glover states that Mock's memoir has gained such high esteem because Mock's transition journey reflects traditional heteronormative norms, beauty standards, and respectability politics. Glover states that many transgender women who do not uphold heteronormative ideals rarely get as much media prestige. While the popularity of Redefining Realness is significant for representation of transgender women, Glover states, many  transgender activists are denied media presence because their bodies or actions are not in line with respectability politics.

Mock published a second memoir, Surpassing Certainty: What My Twenties Taught Me, which covers her twenties, a period not much discussed in Redefining Realness.

Influences
Zora Neale Hurston's Their Eyes Were Watching God was a significant influence in Mock's writing of Redefining Realness. Their Eyes Were Watching God was an important book in Mock's girlhood because it was a book about Black women, identity, and love. Other Black female authors that were formative for Mock and her development of Redefining Realness were Toni Morrison, Alice Walker, Maya Angelou, and Audre Lorde. References to Their Eyes Were Watching God appear throughout the book. She also includes quotes from Ralph Ellsion, Gloria Anzaldua, and James Baldwin.

In a review by David B. Green Jr., Redefining Realness was stated to do more than just tell a personal story as it builds from the tradition of earlier women of color writers, such as those Mock references in the memoir. Green states that Mock's memoir relates to women of all kinds, not just transgender women of color.

References

External links
I Am #RedefiningRealness Tumblr

2014 non-fiction books
American non-fiction books
English-language books
American memoirs
Transgender autobiographies
2010s LGBT literature
LGBT literature in the United States
Literature by African-American women
African-American autobiographies
Atria Publishing Group books


title: Stanisław Badeni

text:
Stanisław Badeni can refer to:
 Stanisław Badeni, royal secretary, ?-1824
 Stanisław Marcin Badeni, politician, 1850 - 1912


title: Bonner, Nebraska

text:
Bonner is an unincorporated community in Morrill County, Nebraska, United States.

History
Bonner was located on the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad. The community was likely named for a settler.

References

External links

Unincorporated communities in Morrill County, Nebraska
Unincorporated communities in Nebraska


title: Vance, Nebraska

text:
Vance is an unincorporated community in Morrill County, Nebraska, United States.

History
Vance was located on the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad.

References

Unincorporated communities in Morrill County, Nebraska
Unincorporated communities in Nebraska


title: 2014 US Open – Boys' singles

text:
Borna Ćorić was the defending champion, having won the event in 2013, but elevated to Men's Singles instead as a qualifier.

Omar Jasika won the title, defeating Quentin Halys in the final, 2–6, 7–5, 6–1.

Seeds

Main draw

Finals

Top half

Section 1

Section 2

Bottom half

Section 3

Section 4

External links
 Main draw

Boys' Singles
2014


title: 2014 US Open – Boys' doubles

text:
Kamil Majchrzak and Martin Redlicki were the defending champions, having won the event in 2013. However, neither participated in the 2014 event; Redlicki's age by the 2014 event's qualifying cutoff made him ineligible to continue to participate in junior events and Majchrzak chose not to participate.

Omar Jasika and Naoki Nakagawa won the tournament after beating Rafael Matos and João Menezes in the final, 6–3, 7–6(8–6).

Seeds

Draw

Finals

Top half

Bottom half

References

External links
 Draw

Boys' Doubles
2014


title: 2014–15 FA Vase

text:
The 2014–15 FA Vase is the 41st season of the FA Vase, an annual football competition for teams playing below Step 4 of the English National League System.   The competition is to be played with two qualifying rounds preceding the six proper rounds, semi-finals (played over two legs) and final to be played at Wembley Stadium.

The 2015 winners were North Shields F.C., who beat Glossop North End A.F.C. 2–1 on 9 May at Wembley Stadium.

For the 2014–15 season 536 entrants were accepted, one more than the 2013–14 season.

Calendar
The calendar for the 2014–15 FA Vase qualifying rounds, as announced by The Football Association.

First round qualifying
First round qualifying fixtures were played on 6 September 2014, with replays taking place no later than 11 September 2014. Two-hundred and ninety teams entered at this stage of the competition. The draw was as follows:

Notes:
 † = After Extra Time

Second round qualifying
Second round qualifying fixtures were played on 4 October 2014, with replays taking place no later than 9 October 2014. One-hundred and seventy-seven new teams joined the one-hundred and forty-five who won their First round qualifying match at this stage of the competition. The draw was as follows:

Notes:
 † = After Extra Time

First round proper
First round proper fixtures were played on 1 November 2014, with replays taking place no later than 6 November 2014. Forty-three new teams joined the one-hundred and sixty-one who won their Second round qualifying match at this stage of the competition. Alnwick Town received a bye The draw was as follows:

Notes:
 † = After Extra Time

Second round proper
Second round proper fixtures were played on 22 November 2014, with replays taking place no later than 27 November 2014. Twenty-six new teams joined the one-hundred and two who won their First round match at this stage of the competition. The draw was as follows:

Notes:
 † = After Extra Time

Third round proper
Third round proper fixtures were played on 6 December 2014, with replays taking place no later than 11 December 2014.  No new teams were added for the remainder of the competition. The draw was as follows:

Notes:
 † = After Extra Time

Fourth round proper
Fourth round proper fixtures were played on 17 January 2015, with replays taking place no later than 22 January 2015. The draw was as follows:

Notes:
 † = After Extra Time

Fifth round proper
Fifth round proper fixtures were played on 7 February 2015, with replays taking place no later than 12 February 2015. The draw was as follows:

Notes:
 † = After Extra Time

Quarter-finals
Quarter-final fixtures were played on 28 February 2015, with replays taking place no later than 5 March 2015. The draw was as follows:

Notes:
 † = After Extra Time

Semi-finals
Semi-final fixtures were played on 21 & 28 March 2015. The draw was as follows:

North Shields won 3–0 on aggregate.

Glossop North End won 2–1 on aggregate.

Final

References

FA Vase seasons
FA Vase
FA Vase


title: Momentos (Julio Iglesias album)

text:
Momentos (Moments) is a 1982 album by Julio Iglesias. By 1984, the album sold over 1 million copies in Brazil. With sales of over 12 million, it is believed to be the best-selling Latin album of all-time.

Track listing
All tracks produced by Ramón Arcusa.

Personnel
Adapted from the Momentos liner notes:

Performance credits

Pepe Sánchez – drums
Carlos Villa – electric guitar, acoustic guitar
Eduardo Leyva – keyboards
Rafael Ferro – keyboards
Eduardo Gracia – bass guitar
Rafael Martínez – acoustic guitar
Martyn Ford – strings
Merche Macaria – chorus
Ana Navarrete – chorus
Mariví Navarrete – chorus

Technical credits

Ramón Arcusa – producer, orchestral arrangements and direction
Rafael Ferro – orchestral arrangements and direction
Fernando Adour – technical realization in Portuguese
Juan Vinader – audio engineer
Bob Castle – audio engineer
Mike Ross – audio engineer
Faustino G. Molina – musicians coordinator of Madrid
Piatti & Wolk Design Assocciates, Inc. – graphic design
Peter Cunningham – photography

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Decade-end charts

Certifications

See also
 List of best-selling albums in Brazil
 List of best-selling albums of the 1980s (Japan)
 List of best-selling Latin albums

References

1982 albums
Julio Iglesias albums
Spanish-language albums
CBS Records albums


title: ArenaBowl XXVII

text:
ArenaBowl XXVII was the 27th edition of the championship in the Arena Football League. The National Conference champion Arizona Rattlers defeated the American Conference champion Cleveland Gladiators, 72–32. The game was played on August 23, 2014 at Quicken Loans Arena in Cleveland, Ohio, the home of the Gladiators.

This was the fourth consecutive ArenaBowl appearance for the Arizona Rattlers, and their third consecutive ArenaBowl championship. For the Cleveland Gladiators, this was the first ArenaBowl in the franchise's 18-year history.

Venue
ArenaBowl XXVII was played at Quicken Loans Arena in Cleveland, Ohio, after it was announced that the ArenaBowl would return to the practice of being hosted by the team with the better regular season record. With the best record of any team in the AFL in 2014, Cleveland was assured of hosting ArenaBowl XXVII by winning the conference championship. The ArenaBowl was played on a busy sports day in Cleveland, as the Cleveland Browns of the National Football League played a home preseason game at FirstEnergy Stadium and the Cleveland Indians of Major League Baseball had a home game at adjacent Progressive Field all at the same time.

Television
In December 2013, it was announced that ESPN had acquired the rights to broadcast arena football games, including ArenaBowl XXVI. This was the first ArenaBowl to be televised on ESPN since , prior to the year-long hiatus taken by the AFL.

Background

Arizona Rattlers

The Rattlers came into the game as two-time defending champions, appearing in their fourth consecutive ArenaBowl, and ninth overall, tying them with the Tampa Bay Storm for most ArenaBowl appearances. In trying to win their third consecutive ArenaBowl championship, the only team in ArenaBowl history that had done so was the Detroit Drive, having won the third in ArenaBowl IV. In , the Rattlers began the regular season with a 14–0 record, the best start to a season by any team in AFL history. Their first loss came in week 16 when they lost to the rival San Jose SaberCats. Despite losing last three of their last four games, the Rattlers finished the season 15–3, as they did the season prior. In the conference semifinals, they defeated the expansion Portland Thunder in a close 52–48 contest. They hosted the San Jose SaberCats in the conference championship, beating them more decisively, 72–56.

Cleveland Gladiators

The Gladiators reached the ArenaBowl for the first time in franchise history. Before moving to Cleveland for the  season, they had previously played in East Rutherford, New Jersey, and Las Vegas, Nevada. The closest the team had ever come to reaching the ArenaBowl since moving to Cleveland was in 2008 when they lost the conference championship. They began the  season with a 9–0 record, one of the best starts to a season in league history. In week 12, their hopes of an undefeated season were ended, but it proved to be the only blemish on their win–loss record, as they finished the season with a league-best 17–1 record. The 17 wins is a league record for a team in a single season. Not all of these wins came easy, however. Cleveland won five games in the regular season on the final play of the game. In the conference semifinals, they notched their sixth last-second win of the season. This one came against the Philadelphia Soul on a field goal as time expired to win by a 39–37 score. In the conference championship, they faced the Orlando Predators. Cleveland defeated Orlando 56–46 to reach the ArenaBowl for the first time in franchise history.

Box score

References

027
2014 Arena Football League season
Arizona Rattlers
Cleveland Gladiators
2014 in sports in Ohio
2010s in Cleveland
Sports competitions in Cleveland
2014 in American television
August 2014 sports events in the United States


title: 2014 US Open – Wheelchair men's singles

text:
Shingo Kunieda defeated Gustavo Fernández in the final, 7–6(7–0), 6–4 to win the men's singles wheelchair tennis title at the 2014 US Open. It was his fifth US Open singles title and 16th major singles title overall.

Stéphane Houdet was the defending champion, but was defeated by Fernández in the semifinals.

Seeds
 Shingo Kunieda (champion)
 Stéphane Houdet (semifinals)

Draw

Bracket

External links

 Draw

Wheelchair Men's Singles
U.S. Open, 2014 Men's Singles


title: Dolichosybra

text:
Dolichosybra is a genus of beetles in the family Cerambycidae, containing the following species:

 Dolichosybra annulicornis Breuning, 1942
 Dolichosybra apicalis (Gilmour, 1963)
 Dolichosybra elongata Breuning, 1942
 Dolichosybra strandi Breuning, 1943
 Dolichosybra strandiella Breuning, 1942
 Dolichosybra tubericollis Breuning, 1942

References

Apomecynini
Cerambycidae genera


title: 2014 US Open – Wheelchair women's singles

text:
Yui Kamiji defeated the defending champion Aniek van Koot in the final, 6–3, 6–3 to win the women's singles wheelchair tennis title at the 2014 US Open.

Seeds

Draw

Bracket

External links

 Draw

Wheelchair Women's Singles
U.S. Open, 2014 Women's Singles


title: List of Finding Carter episodes

text:
Finding Carter is an American drama television series, which aired on MTV from July 8, 2014, to December 15, 2015. The series was created by Emily Silver, and stars Kathryn Prescott in the lead role of Carter Stevens, a young girl whose life is turned upside-down after learning that the woman she thought was her mother, abducted her from her biological family when she was three years old. With this newfound information, Carter is then returned to, and attempts to fit in with, the family she never knew she had.

All episodes of the first season are named after notable films of different eras. For the first half of the second season, all the episodes are named after notable songs. The second half of the second season features episodes named after novels.

Series overview

Episodes

Season 1 (2014)

Season 2 (2015)

References

External links

Lists of American teen drama television series episodes


title: Dorcasta

text:
Dorcasta is a genus of beetles in the family Cerambycidae, containing the following species:

 Dorcasta borealis Breuning, 1940
 Dorcasta cinerea (Horn, 1860)
 Dorcasta crassicornis Pascoe, 1858
 Dorcasta dasycera (Erichson in Schomburg, 1848)
 Dorcasta gracilis Fisher, 1932
 Dorcasta implicata Melzer, 1934
 Dorcasta quadrispinosa Breuning, 1940
 Dorcasta singularis Martins & Galileo, 2001

References

Cerambycidae genera


title: 2014 US Open – Wheelchair women's doubles

text:
Yui Kamiji and Jordanne Whiley defeated the defending champions Jiske Griffioen and Aniek Van Koot in the final, 6–4, 3–6, 6–3 to win the women's doubles wheelchair tennis title at the 2014 US Open. With the win, they completed the Grand Slam, and each completed the career Grand Slam.

Seeds
 Yui Kamiji /  Jordanne Whiley (Winner)
 Jiske Griffioen /  Aniek van Koot (final)

Doubles

Bracket

References

Draw

Wheelchair Women's Doubles
U.S. Open, 2014 Women's Doubles


title: Pelagothuria

text:
Pelagothuria is a genus of sea cucumbers in the family Pelagothuriidae. It is monotypic, being represented by the single species Pelagothuria natatrix.

Characteristics
This sea cucumber is somewhat unusual in appearance in comparison with other sea cucumbers (and even within its family), as it looks more like a jellyfish with its large umbrella-like swimming structure supported by a ring of around 12 highly modified oral tentacles, its small tapered body and its swimming position with the mouth on top. The body is translucent with a pale purple pigmentation. The mouth is surrounded by around 15 short feeding tentacles like any sea cucumber, and the veil can be contracted like jellyfishes do (it is interrupted at the central ventral radius). The animal seems to reach around 16 cm in total diameter.

This species constitutes the only true pelagic holothurian (and even echinoderm) known to date. However, its swimming seems mostly passive, more like slightly controlled drifting.

Habitat and repartition
This sea cucumber is extremely rare, but its geographic range seems very wide: it has been collected in the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian oceans, between 200 and 4,433 m of depth.

Discovery
This species was described by Hubert Jacob Ludwig in 1893 based on trawled specimens collected in 1891 by the USS Albatross between the Gulf of Panama and the Galapagos Islands (605–3,350 m deep).

It was not until 1989 that the first in situ footage of the species was obtained thanks to a scientific expedition in the Galapagos (542 m deep off San Cristóbal Island), followed by a scientific review of deep-sea swimming sea cucumbers from John Miller and David Pawson in 1990.

In 2011, the American scientific expedition NOAAS Okeanos Explorer photographed what scientists first believed to be an unknown jellyfish, but the picture was formally identified in 2014 by Smithsonian Institution experts Christopher Mah and David Pawson as Pelagothuria natatrix. A second observation was made in March 2017 by the same mission off the Samoa Islands (443 m deep near Howland Island), identified by NOAA expert Steve Auscavitch, and this time included a high-resolution video of the animal swimming in the water column.

Since then, more attention has been brought to this unusual species, and it has been observed more than 100 times by NOAA.

References

Pelagothuriidae


title: Harry Connaughton

text:
Harry Aloysius "Babe" Connaughton (June 6, 1905 – August 11, 1969) was an American football player.  He played college football for the Georgetown Hoyas and professional football for the Frankford Yellow Jackets.  He was a consensus All-American in 1926.

Connaughton was born in Philadelphia in 1905 and attended Saint Joseph's Preparatory School in that city.  He enrolled at Georgetown University and, while there, played at the guard position on the Georgetown Hoyas football team in 1925 and 1926. He was a consensus selection for the 1926 College Football All-America Team. At six feet, four inches, and 250 pounds, he was a large player for his era.  He played for Hoyas teams that compiled a 16-3-1 in 1925 and 1926.  In December 1926, he was awarded the Veterans Cup as the most valuable player in eastern football.  He was inducted into the Georgetown University Athletic Hall of Fame in 1953.

Connaughton also played professional football for the Frankford Yellow Jackets during the 1927 NFL season.  He started 16 games at the guard position for the 1927 Yellow Jackets.

In 1938, he became the assistant to Michael Igoe, the United States Attorney in Chicago.  By  June 1938, his weight had dropped to 180 pounds from 260 pounds while playing football at Georgetown.

Connaughton died in 1969 ate age 64 in Braham, Minnesota.

References

1905 births
1969 deaths
All-American college football players
American football guards
Georgetown Hoyas football players
Frankford Yellow Jackets players
Players of American football from Philadelphia


title: 2014 US Open – Wheelchair men's doubles

text:
Stéphane Houdet and Shingo Kunieda defeated the defending champion Maikel Scheffers and his partner Gordon Reid in the final, 6–2, 2–6, 7–6 to win the men's doubles wheelchair tennis title at the 2014 US Open. With the win, Houdet became the first men's doubles wheelchair player to complete the Grand Slam.

Michaël Jérémiasz and Scheffers were the defending champions, but did not participate together. Jérémiasz partnered Nicolas Peifer, but was defeated by Scheffers and Reid in the semifinals.

Seeds
 Stéphane Houdet /  Shingo Kunieda (champions)
 Gordon Reid /  Maikel Scheffers (final)

Doubles

Bracket

References

Draw

Wheelchair Men's Doubles
U.S. Open, 2014 Men's Doubles


title: Euteleuta

text:
Euteleuta is a genus of beetles in the family Cerambycidae, containing the following species:

 Euteleuta fimbriata Bates, 1885
 Euteleuta laticauda Bates, 1885
 Euteleuta venezuelensis Breuning, 1971

References

Apomecynini
Cerambycidae genera


title: Bud Boeringer

text:
Arthur Benjamin  "Bud" Boeringer (November 13, 1903 – February 11, 1980) was an American football center at the University of Notre Dame. Minnesota native Boeringer was a consensus All-American in 1926. After college, he coached both football and hockey at the collegiate level including being a head coach of the University of Detroit and Cornell University ice hockey teams.

Playing career
Boeringer played for the Notre Dame Fighting Irish football team at the University Notre Dame under coach Knute Rockne during the 1925 and 1926 seasons. In 1926, as a 6-foot, 1-inch, 189-pound center, he was recognized as a consensus first-team All-American, having received first-team honors from several publications and organizations including the Associated Press (AP), and Collier's Weekly (Grantland Rice). In 1928 after Boeringer left Notre Dame, he became entangled in a war of words between his coach Knute Rockne and University of Michigan coach Fielding Yost over player eligibility. Yost claimed that Boeringer played several seasons of football at St. Thomas College in Minnesota before coming to Notre Dame.

While at Notre Dame Boeringer also played on the varsity hockey team. He played defenseman for 17 games on the varsity squad from 1924 to 1927.

After college
After leaving Notre Dame he became an assistant football coach at the University of Detroit under former Notre Dame standout Gus Dorais. While at Detroit he also served as head hockey coach. After 16 years at Detroit he moved to become assistant football coach at the University of Iowa under Clem Crowe. He later moved onto Cornell University to become an assistant football coach. In 1947, Boeringer replaced Nick Bawlf as Cornell head ice hockey coach after Bawlf became sick and unable to coach. His team was made up of mostly sophomores and was disadvantaged by having to practice and play their games outdoors. They canceled their first game against Colgate due to mild weather that made practice on condition of Dwyer's Dam Rink on Beebe Lake impractical. After a cold spell just before their first home game against United States Military Academy, the ice on Beebe Lake became fit for playing. The lack of practice showed with Cornell losing by a score of 9 goals to 0. He coached the rest of the season with his team going 0–4. After the season Cornell dropped varsity hockey for 10 years citing several mild winters making practice on Beebe Lake difficult and unable to compete with cold-weather schools and schools with indoor rinks.

Head coaching record

References

1903 births
1980 deaths
American football centers
American men's ice hockey defensemen
Cornell Big Red men's ice hockey coaches
Cornell Big Red football coaches
Detroit Titans football coaches
Iowa Hawkeyes football coaches
Notre Dame Fighting Irish football players
Notre Dame Fighting Irish men's ice hockey players
All-American college football players
Sportspeople from Saint Paul, Minnesota
Players of American football from Saint Paul, Minnesota
Ice hockey people from Saint Paul, Minnesota
Educators from Minnesota


title: Eyiaba

text:
Eyiaba is a genus of beetles in the family Cerambycidae, containing the following species:

 Eyiaba itapetinga Galileo & Martins, 2004
 Eyiaba picta Galileo & Martins, 2004

References

Apomecynini
Cerambycidae genera


title: Northport, Nebraska

text:
Northport is an unincorporated community in Morrill County, Nebraska, United States.

History
Northport was connected to The Burlington route in 1900 when the CB&Q built a branch from Alliance, Nebraska. A post office was established at Northport in 1910, and remained in operation until it was discontinued in 1975. Northport was named from its location on the north bank of the North Platte River.

References

Unincorporated communities in Morrill County, Nebraska
Unincorporated communities in Nebraska


title: 2003 Mnet Music Video Festival

text:
The 2003 Mnet Music Video Festival (MMF) was the fifth of the annual music awards in Seoul, South Korea that took place on November 27, 2003, at the Kyung Hee University.

Leading the nominees were duo Big Mama and solo artist Lee Hyori, with three each. By the end of the ceremony, Big Mama were the only ones to receive two wins, including Music Video of the Year daesang award.

Background
In its fifth year, the award-giving body continued to use the name "M.net Korean Music Festival" (MKMF) and the grand awards (or daesang) were still the Best Popular Music Video and Music Video of the Year. However, the event took place at the Kyung Hee University for the first time. Singer-actor Cha Tae-hyun came back to host the event for the third time, together with Sung Yu-ri.

During this year, the category for Best Indie Performance was discontinued.

Selection process and judging criteria
During the preliminary screening, the committee selected the nominees who released their singles and albums from November 2002 to October 2003. Afterwards, the official website of Mnet was opened so that fans will be able to vote their for candidates. In the same way, the professional juries have chosen from the nominees as well. The votes from both the fans and the judges were combined for the winners of each category.

Winners and nominees
Winners are listed first and highlighted in boldface.

Special awards
 Mobile Popularity Award: Rain – "Ways To Avoid The Sun"
 Special Jury Prize: Cho PD – "Secret Diary" (비밀일기)
 Netizen Popularity Award: Shinhwa – "Your Wedding

Multiple awards

Artist(s) with multiple wins
The following artist(s) received two or more wins (excluding the special awards):

Artist(s) with multiple nominations
The following artist(s) received two or more nominations:

Performers and presenters
The following individuals and groups, listed in order of appearance, presented awards or performed musical numbers.

Performers

Presenters

References

External links
 Mnet Asian Music Awards  official website

MAMA Awards ceremonies
Mnet Music Video Festival
Mnet Music Video Festival
Mnet Music Video Festival
Mnet Music Video Festival, 2003


title: Falsischnolea

text:
Falsischnolea is a genus of beetles in the family Cerambycidae, containing the following species:

 Falsischnolea apicalis Martins & Galileo, 2001
 Falsischnolea flavoapicalis Breuning, 1940
 Falsischnolea nigrobasalis Breuning, 1940
 Falsischnolea pallidipennis (Chevrolat, 1861)

References

Apomecynini
Cerambycidae genera


title: Crimean journey of Catherine the Great

text:
The Crimean journey of Catherine the Great (), also known as Таврический вояж (Taurida Voyage) at the time, was a six-month (January 2, 1787 – July 11, 1787) inspection trip of Catherine II of Russia to the newly acquired lands of New Russia and Crimea, gained as a result of the victorious wars against the Ottoman Empire (1735–39 and 1768–74) and peace treaties with the Cossack Hetmanate followed by the forced liquidation of the free Zaporozhian Sich.

The trip was carried out with her court and several ambassadors. During the trip, she met with the Austrian emperor Joseph II, traveling incognito. The trip was arranged by Grigory Potemkin, a favorite and former lover of Catherine II. The trip happened just prior to the Russo-Turkish War (1787–1792).

The trip is the origin of the expression "Potemkin village", referring to the legend of fake villages hastily erected by Potemkin along Catherine's route in order to impress her.

References

Further reading

Russian translation of the memoir of Louis Philippe, comte de Ségur who took the trip as a French ambassador; see also here

Catherine the Great
1787 in the Russian Empire
Crimea in the Russian Empire
Voyages


title: Laurel Ptak

text:
Laurel Ptak is an artist, curator, writer and educator based in New York City.

Career
She previously served as director and curator of the artist-founded non-profit organization Art in General in New York City from 2017 to 2020. A multidisciplinary figure inside the field of culture, she has made contributions across disciplines of photography, new media, social practice art, curating and technology. She was named one of 100 top Leading Global Thinkers by Foreign Policy magazine in 2014. She is currently an MFA professor in the School of Art, Media and Technology at The New School and faculty member in the Curatorial Practice graduate program at the School of Visual Arts.

Her work has looked at the social effects of technology and recent projects have taken up topics including feminism, hacking, and social media. She is co-editor of the book Undoing Property? with artist Marysia Lewandowska. Its essays, interviews and artistic projects explore themes of immaterial labor, political economy and the commons. One of Ptak's best known projects, Wages For Facebook, draws upon ideas from the 1970s international Wages for housework feminist campaign to think through contemporary relationships of capitalism, class and affective labor inside social media. When it launched as a website it immediately drew over 20,000 views and was rapidly and internationally debated via social media and the press, setting off a public conversation about worker's rights and the very nature of labor, as well as the politics of its refusal, in the digital age. She is a co-founder of the award-winning Art+Feminism Wikipedia-Edit-A-Thon project which addresses gender disparities online and their effects on public forms of knowledge, with public edit-a-thons organized each year at the Museum of Modern Art in New York City and co-organized by numerous art institutions and universities around the world.

Ptak studied art, critical theory and art history at Hampshire College and holds an M.A. in curating and the history of contemporary art from the Center for Curatorial Studies at Bard College where she wrote her graduate thesis on feminist art from the 1990s.

References

American art curators
Artists from New York City
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
American Wikimedians
American women curators


title: Falsoropica hawaiana

text:
Falsoropica hawaiana is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Breuning in 1982.

References

Apomecynini
Beetles described in 1982
Taxa named by Stephan von Breuning (entomologist)


title: Falsoropica

text:
Falsoropica is a genus of beetles in the family Cerambycidae. It was circumscribed by Stephan von Breuning in 1939.

, it consists of the following species:

 Falsoropica albopunctata Breuning & Villiers, 1983
 Falsoropica clavipes Breuning, 1939
 Falsoropica grossepunctata Breuning, 1965
 Falsoropica hawaiana Breuning, 1982

 Falsoropica lata Breuning, 1960
 Falsoropica minuta Breuning, 1961
 Falsoropica orousseti Breuning & Villiers, 1983
 Falsoropica sikkimensis Breuning, 1973
 Falsoropica tonkinensis Breuning, 1960

References

Further reading

Apomecynini
Cerambycidae genera
Taxa named by Stephan von Breuning (entomologist)


title: Atkins, Nebraska

text:
Atkins is an unincorporated community in Morrill County, Nebraska, United States.

History
Atkins was a station on the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad. The community was named for Col. A. W. Atkins.

References

External links

Unincorporated communities in Morrill County, Nebraska
Unincorporated communities in Nebraska


title: Irundiaba

text:
Irundiaba waorani is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae, and the only species in the genus Irundiaba. It was described by Martins & Galileo in 2008.

References

Apomecynini
Beetles described in 2008
Monotypic Cerambycidae genera


title: Ischioloncha

text:
Ischioloncha is a genus of beetles in the family Cerambycidae.

It includes the following species:

 Ischioloncha columbiana Breuning, 1956
 Ischioloncha lanei (Prosen, 1957)
 Ischioloncha lineata Bates, 1885
 Ischioloncha rondonia Martins & Galileo, 2003
 Ischioloncha strandiella Breuning, 1942
 Ischioloncha wollastoni Thomson, 1861

References

Apomecynini
Cerambycidae genera


title: Aquiles Córdova Morán

text:
Aquiles Córdova Morán (born 1941) is a Mexican political leader. Since 1974, when he founded the organization, he has been the secretary general of the National Torch Movement (Antorcha Campesina). a social organization created by a group of peasants. He was born in Tecomatlán, Puebla and is an agronomist by profession, graduated from the Chapingo Autonomous University.

References

Mexican activists
Agronomists
Living people
1941 births
People from Puebla
Chapingo Autonomous University alumni


title: Mass surveillance in Australia

text:
Mass surveillance in Australia takes place in several network media, including telephone, internet, and other communications networks, financial systems, vehicle and transit networks, international travel, utilities, and government schemes and services including those asking citizens to report on themselves or other citizens.

Communications

Telephone

Australia requires that pre-paid mobile telecommunications providers verify the identity of individuals before providing service.

Internet
Google's transparency report shows a consistent trend of growth in requests by Australian authorities for private information, constantly rising approximately 20% year-on-year. The most recent published volume for the period ending December 2013 indicates a volume of around four individual requests per calendar day.

Telstra's transparency report for the period 1 July - 31 December 2013 does not include requests by national security agencies, only police and other agencies. Nevertheless, in the six-month period 40,644 requests were made, 36,053 for "Telstra customer information, carriage service records and pre-warrant checks" (name, address, date of birth, service number, call/SMS/internet records. Call records include called party, date, time and duration. Internet information includes date, time and duration of internet sessions and email logs from Telstra-administered addresses), 2,871 for "Life threatening situations and Triple Zero emergency calls", 270 for "Court orders", 1450 for "Warrants for interception or access to stored communications" (real time access): an average of around 222 requests per calendar day.

In 2013 more than 500 authors including five Nobel prize winners and Australian identities Frank Moorhouse, John Coetzee, Helen Garner, Geraldine Brooks and David Malouf signed a global petition to protest mass surveillance after the whistleblower Edward Snowden's global surveillance disclosures informed the world, including Australians, that they are being monitored by the National Security Agency's XKeyscore system and its boundless informant. Snowden had further revealed that Australian government intelligence agencies, specifically the Australian Signals Directorate, also have access to the system as part of the international Five Eyes surveillance alliance.

In August 2014 it was reported that law-enforcement agencies had been accessing Australians' web browsing histories via internet providers such as Telstra without a warrant (Optus confirmed that they cooperate with law enforcement, and Vodafone did not return a request for comment). The revelations came less than a week after government attempts to increase their surveillance powers through new legislation allowing offensive computer hacking by government intelligence agencies, and mere months after outrage surrounding the government's offer to share personal information about citizens with Five Eyes intelligence partners.

As of August 2014, no warrant is required for organisations to access the so-called 'metadata' information of private parties. This is information regarding "calls and emails sent and received, the location of a phone, internet browsing activity. There is no access to the content of the communication, just how, to or from whom, when and where". Under current law many organisations other than federal, state and territory police and security agencies such as ASIO can get access to this information, including "any agency that collects government revenue", for example the RSPCA, the Australian Crime Commission, the Australian Securities and Investments Commission (though reportedly temporarily removed from the list), the Australian Tax Office, Centrelink, Medicare, Australia Post, the Australian Fisheries Management Authority, the Victorian Taxi Services Commission, the Victorian Transport Accident Commission, WorkSafe Victoria, local councils and foreign law enforcement agencies.

In the 2013-2014 financial year there were over half a million disclosures of metadata to agencies.

The Australian Communications and Media Authority provides instructions for internet service providers and other telecommunications providers about their law enforcement, national security and interception obligations.

During the 2015-2016 financial year 712 warrants were issued for access to stored communications,
3,857 interception warrants were issued, and 63 enforcement agencies were granted 333,980 authorizations for metadata access.

There's some reports said Australia has been collaborating with Chinese Great Firewall security officials in implementing its data retention and filtering infrastructure and possibly obtained surveillance technology from China.

2014 proposals
A range of proposals are under discussion that affect surveillance of the population by government in conjunction with commercial service providers.

Hacking powers
The proposals seek to give the Australian Security Intelligence Organisation (ASIO) the right to hack into computers and modify them.

Single computer warrant to become umbrella surveillance
The proposals seek to give ASIO the power to spy on whole computer networks under a single computer-access warrant.

Spying on citizens abroad
The proposals seek to give the Australian Secret Intelligence Service (ASIS) the power to collect intelligence on Australian citizens overseas.

Law against media and whistleblowing

Section 35P of the proposals seeks to create a new criminal offence, with a maximum penalty of 10 years imprisonment, for revealing information about so-called 'special intelligence operations'. There are no exceptions listed, and the law would apply to journalists even if they were unaware that they were revealing information about such an operation. Shadow Attorney-General Mark Dreyfus called the measure "an unprecedented overreach".

Mandatory data retention

Mandatory data retention for two years of data relating to the internet and telecommunications activity of all Australians is currently under discussion.

On Tuesday, 5 August, government Communications Minister Malcolm Turnbull complained about "waking up to newspaper headlines concerning the government's controversial plan for mandatory data retention", stating the government "risked unnecessary difficulties by pushing ahead with the data retention regime without fully understanding the details". In 2012, Turnbull had opposed mandatory retention.

On Friday, 8 August, Australia's federal privacy commissioner, Timothy Pilgrim, stated he felt it remained "unclear" exactly what data was to be retained, and that "there is the potential for the retention of large amounts of data to contain or reveal a great deal of information about people's private lives and that this data could be considered 'personal information' under the Privacy Act".

Later in the month, the head of Australian Security Intelligence Organisation (ASIO) appealed for access to private citizens' data on the grounds that commercial entities may already be collecting it.

On 19 February 2015, the Australian Broadcasting Corporation's Radio National program Download This Show broadcast an interview with a former police employee who had worked extensively with metadata, on condition of anonymity.

On 22 February 2015 Australian Federal Police Assistant Commissioner Tim Morris made the following claims appealing to blind trust from the public.

In 2015 the issue of costs became more heavily discussed in the media with figures such as 1% of all national telecommunications revenue annually or "two battleships" per year used.

Prominent parties concerned about the proposals include:
 Media, Entertainment and Arts Alliance, the Australian journalists' union
 Timothy Pilgrim, Privacy Commissioner
 Gillian Triggs, Human Rights Commissioner
 the Law Council of Australia
 Communications Alliance
 the Australian Mobile Telecommunications Association
 Fairfax Media
 News Corp Australia
 councils for civil liberties across Australia
 Blueprint for Free Speech
 Australian Lawyers for Human Rights
 the Institute of Public Affairs
 the Australian Privacy Foundation
 Electronic Frontiers Australia
 Privacy International
 George Williams, one of Australia's leading constitutional lawyers and public commentators and University of New South Wales professor
 Dr Keiran Hardy, Research Associate, Faculty of Law, University of New South Wales

2018

Telecommunications and Other Legislation Amendment (Assistance and Access) Act
On 14 August 2018, the federal government published draft text of the Assistance and Access Bill (often referred to by its satirical name, the Ass Access Bill). Modelled after the British Investigatory Powers Act, the legislation was designed to help overcome "the challenges posed by ubiquitous encryption".  Under the bill, designated communications providers (which include carriage service providers, any electronic service with end-users in Australia, anyone who develops software likely to be used by a carriage service or an electronic service with end-users in Australia, or anyone who supplies or manufactures components likely to be used in customer equipment likely to be used in Australia") can be ordered to assist in intercepting information relevant to a case, either by means of an existing capability if possible (Technical Assistance Order, TAO), or being ordered to develop, test, add, or remove equipment for a new interception capability (Technical Capability Order, TCO). A "Technical Assistance Request" (TAR) can also be issued, which has fewer restrictions, but is not compulsory.

Orders must be connected to a warrant under the Telecommunications (Interception and Access) Act or the Surveillance Devices Act. Actions requested under the act must be "reasonable, proportionate, practicable, and technically feasible", and mandatory orders cannot compel a communications provider to add a "systemic weakness or vulnerability, such as requiring one to "implement or build a new decryption capability". or "render systemic methods of authentication or encryption less effective". An annual report must be issued on how many orders and requests are issued. Outside of certain proceedings processes, all specific information on requests and orders are confidential, and it is illegal to publish them publicly. Only the chief officer of an "interception agency" (which includes the Australian Criminal Intelligence Commission, Australian Federal Police, and state police with permission from the AFP) or the director-general of the Australian Security Intelligence Organisation can issue a TAO or TCO. The Minister for Communications must additionally approve a request for a TCO. A TAR can be issued by these parties, or the Australian Signals Directorate.

The proposed legislation faced numerous criticisms from politicians, advocacy groups, and the tech industry. Liberal Democratic Party Senator David Leyonhjelm argued that the bill was "a draconian measure to grant law enforcement authorities unacceptable surveillance powers that invade Australians' civil rights", alleging that users could be compelled to provide passwords for their personal devices at the request of law enforcement, or be fined. it was felt that the bill had weaker oversight and safeguards than the equivalent UK legislation, where requests for assistance are subject to judicial review. It was also noted that although providers could not be ordered to do so, they could still be encouraged by the government via a TAR to add a "systemic weakness" to their systems. In testimony, cyptography expert and Stanford Law School attorney Riana Pfefferkorn argued that "whenever you open up a vulnerability in a piece of software or a piece of hardware, it's going to have consequences that are unforeseeable".

The bill was passed by the Parliament of Australia on 6 December 2018 as the Telecommunications and Other Legislation Amendment of 2018, commonly known as TOLA. Bill Shorten of the Australian Labor Party described the bill's passage as being "half a win", since he wanted Parliament to "reach at least a sensible conclusion before the summer on the important matter of national security". He explained that there were "legitimate concerns about the encryption legislation", but that he did not want to "walk away from my job and leave matters in a stand-off and expose Australians to increased risk in terms of national security". Shorten did state that he would consider amendments to the bill when Parliament returned in 2019.

A number of Australian tech firms and startups warned that the bill could harm their ability to do business internationally. Bron Gondwana, CEO of the e-mail host FastMail, felt that the Assistance and Access Bill "makes complying with both Australian law and the EU's GDPR privacy requirements harder, putting Australian businesses at a disadvantage in a global marketplace".  After the bill's passing, the service faced concerns and questions over its effects from current and potential users, which has caused a decline in business. Encryption provider Senetas stated that the country could face "the real prospect of sales being lost, exports declining, local companies failing or leaving Australia, jobs in this industry disappearing and related technical skills deteriorating".

In June 2020, as requested by parliament,the Independent National Security Legislation Monitor (INSLM) released a report which recommended changes to the act to require independent and technically competent review of compulsory orders requested under the act.

Specific Incidents

Australian Federal Police raid the Australian Broadcasting Corporation
On 5 June 2019, at least six Australian Federal Police (AFP) officers raided the Australian Broadcasting Corporation with a warrant allowing them to access, alter and delete information allegedly in relation to reporting made based on secret files exposing the misconduct of Australian soldiers in Afghanistan. ABC Managing Director David Anderson stated the raid "raises legitimate concerns over freedom of the press. The ABC stands by its journalists, will protect its sources and continue to report without fear or favour on national security and intelligence issues when there is a clear public interest".

John Lyons, Executive Editor ABC News & ABC Head of Investigative Journalism commented on the raid by the AFP:

The AFP released a statement asserting there was "no link between the execution of search warrants in the ACT suburb of Kingston yesterday (4 June 2019) and those on the Ultimo premises of the ABC today (5 June 2019)".

Travel

International

Australia and the European Union have signed an agreement for the advanced sharing of passenger name records of international travelers. Similar agreements are in place with other countries.

In addition to passenger information and standard radar, Australia uses the Jindalee Operational Radar Network to detect individual boats and planes in the north and west of the country.

Domestic

Vehicles can be tracked by a range of systems including automatic number plate recognition (ANPR), video and sensor-based traffic surveillance networks, cellular telephone tracking (if a device is known to be in the vehicle) and automated toll networks. The ANPR systems are intelligent transportation systems which can identify vehicles and drivers. ANPR is known under various names in Australia: SCATS in Sydney, New South Wales; ACTS in Adelaide, CATSS in Canberra, SCRAM in Melbourne, DARTS in the Northern Territory and PCATS in Perth.

Mass transit

New South Wales
In December 2014, certain universities such as Sydney University delayed collaboration with the new Opal card system scheduled to fully replace existing, anonymous paper tickets on New South Wales mass transit, citing privacy concerns, whereas Macquarie University, University of New South Wales and Australian Catholic University had already agreed to provide the "student data" to the card network. Data is made available to other NSW government departments and law enforcement agencies. Concerns about privacy have been repeatedly raised in the mainstream media, with commentators questioning the extent to which user data can be accessed by authorities. According to the Opal Privacy Policy, data is made available to other NSW government departments and law enforcement agencies. On 13 March 2015 it was announced that Opal cards would be linked to commuter car park spaces, such that private road vehicle identities would become associated with individual mass transit use.

Victoria
On 24 March 2021, the Victorian government announced it would be expanding the network of traffic cameras at all major traffic intersections as part of a $340 million package to arterial roads throughout the East of Melbourne through an additional 700 traffic cameras on top of the existing 600 present and the 1,000 in total operated by VicRoads. The cameras are installed at pedestrian crossings and intersections of all key arterial roads in order to monitor traffic from a Traffic Monitoring Centre operated by VicRoads. It is not known whether the cameras possess any facial recognition or ANPR (Automatic Number Plate Recognition) technology capabilities or on what basis Victoria police have access to such cameras.

Other states
The extent and frequency to which individual traveler data is released without a warrant remains poorly documented for the following systems:
go card, Brisbane's smartcard system
MetroCARD, Adelaide's smartcard system
myki, Melbourne's smartcard system
SmartRider, Perth's smartcard system

Related law

This section outlines the main legal references for mass surveillance in Australia.

National
Under Australian law, the following acts are prominent federal law in the area of surveillance.
Telecommunications (Interception and Access) Act 1979 (formerly known as the Telecommunications (Interception) Act 1979)
Telecommunications Act 1997
Surveillance Devices Act 2004
Privacy Act 1988
Intelligence Services Act 2001
Intelligence Services Amendment Act 2004

A separate body of state-level laws also exists.

International agreements
Australia is part of the Five Eyes international surveillance network, run by the United States National Security Agency and generally protected from public scrutiny citing 'national security' concerns. According to the Canberra Times and cited policymakers, one of the most prominent critics of these agreements was the Australian National University academic Des Ball, who died in October 2016.

See also

Parliamentary Joint Committee on Intelligence and Security
Mass surveillance industry
Defence Science and Technology Organisation, particularly the Wide Area Surveillance Branch of the Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance Division (ISRD) with respect to Jindalee Operational Radar Network
Five Eyes
Internet censorship in Australia and Censorship in Australia
Passenger name record
Pine Gap, Shoal Bay Receiving Station, HMAS Harman and Australian Defence Satellite Communications Station
Telephone recording laws#Australia

References

External links
OpenAustralia Search: Parliamentary records mentioning 'surveillance'.

Australia
Telecommunications in Australia
Human rights abuses in Australia


title: Shin Se-won

text:
Shin Sewon (Sewon Shin/ , Hanja: 申世圓) is a South Korean artist. He is the founder of Trans-Art (Transcendental Art).

His art provided a basis for the reformation of the Korean religious foundation known as Hanol-gyo.

Career
Grand prize in the 28th Korean National Youth Art competition
Georgetown Preparatory school, MD., USA
Oxford University, Politics Philosophy and Economics (PPE) B.A., M.A.
(Former) CEO of HI&T Inc.
(Former) Chairman of Hanon Group
(Former) Chairman of Hanol foundation
Honorary Consul of Iraq in Korea
Founder of Trans-Art

Early Exhibitions
Sewon Shin studied in the United States as a reward of winning 1st prize in the 28th Korean National Youth Art competition at the age of 13. (At that time, Korea was under a strict military regime and studying abroad was prohibited).

He held two solo exhibitions in Seoul and Tokyo while he was in high school.
 First Solo Exhibition in Seoul, Korea at the age of 17
 Sponsor: Seoul Kyung-in Gallery, Monthly Art World
 Support: The Chosun Daily Newspaper
 Second Solo Exhibition in Tokyo, Japan at the age of 19
 Sponsor: Tokyo Odakyu Gallery, The Korean-Japanese Cultural Exchange Association
 Cooperation: The Sankei Newspaper

At the Tokyo exhibition, he introduced a new concept of art called 'Super-individualism art (i.e. Trans-Ego art)'. In conveying Super-Individualism Art, he combined music, scent, optical illusion and time & space factors, and proposed the use of an orchestra, a train and train station and even a whole mountain in the performance of his art.

Business
After his attempt to use Seoul Namsan Tower to perform his new concept of installation art failed (due to city regulations), he decided to refrain from his art. After graduating from Georgetown Prep school, instead of pursuing art, he majored in Politics, Philosophy and Economics at Oxford University.

However, Sewon's father had a stroke while he was attending his son's graduation at Oxford (he was hospitalized in Radcliffe Infirmary), and died a year after he was transferred to Korea.

His father was the founder of Hanol religious foundation, as well as a politician (the Presidential Candidate of the Unified Korea Party who ran for the Presidency of South Korea twice), and an entrepreneur (the Chairman of the Hanon Group).

After the founder died, as a legal descendant, Sewon inevitably took on his father’s entire responsibility and restructured the foundation.

As a deputy Chairman of the Hanon Group and CEO of HI&T (a holding company), he restructured most of its subsidiary companies and finalized his father’s major business initiatives, including an agreement to develop one of the largest crude oil mines in Iraq (a consortium with Samsung, SK, Korean National Oil Development Corporation, where HI&T was the Managing Partner & Directing Initiator). He also acquired an official agreement to develop internet-telecommunication systems for the Iraqi government. (unexecuted due to the Iraq war)

His business and diplomatic contributions were recognized by both the Korean and Iraqi governments: On the request of the Iraqi National Assembly and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and after the approval of Korean Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade (Minister’s approval), he was appointed to the Honorary Consul in 2000. He was very dedicated to humanitarian activities for children suffering from the war in Iraq. He supplied them with medicine and his brother, Se-Yong Shin established UHIC (United Help for International Children), an organization which is very active in helping suffering children all over the world.

In 2001, he was selected as one of ‘21 young power leaders of Korea of the 21st century' by the Seoul Economy - Financial Daily.

Spiritual art
After stabilizing the Hanon group, Sewon was obliged to restructure the Hanol religious foundation. He attempted to integrate ‘art’ with ‘Spirituality’ in order to transform Hanol-gyo into a more liberal, flexible and innovative organization. His art provided a basis for the reformation of Hanol-gyo.

In accordance with the founder’s last will, he succeeded in persuading the board and the Hanol spiritual committee to officially approve ‘Spiritual Acceptance’ which makes religious conversion unnecessary and constitutionalized religious multiplicity to allow its participants from diverse backgrounds to practice other religions as well.

According to the guidance to Hanol-gyo, he expressed the essence of the transcendental teachings on enlightenment and awakening - the self-liberation of consciousness.

He officially proclaimed that the symbolic function of the regional chapels of HANOL could be replaced by the “Art of Enlightenment”, and allowed particular traditional ceremonies and the formality of rituals to be substituted by a simple contemplation on the Spiritual Art or meditation on self-awareness. He attempted to transform the existing belief system by integrating ‘Art and Spirituality’. Sewon introduced the concept of 'Spiritual Audience' instead of the traditional notion of religious followers.

After Sewon Shin reformed the Hanol-gyo foundation, he resigned from all of his duties and returned to his art in order to introduce a new form of art called Trans-art.

Trans-Art
Trans-Art (also known as Trans-form Art or Transcendental Art) can be considered as the re-establishment of the 'Art of Enlightenment and Awakening’ in a fine art form (non-religious form) and the elaboration of "Super-Individual art (i.e. Trans-ego art)” which he introduced at the Tokyo exhibition.

In Part 1: Optical Awakening, the artist expresses spiritual transcendence by using the multi-dimensional perspectives that he acquired from his own personal experience of spiritual awakening.

In Part 2: Tasting Art (Taste of Awakening), he integrates Art with Taste in order to express a glimpse of awakening by providing an extraordinary tasting experience.

In Part 3: Mobile Art, he combines Technology with Art; the audience can participate in art directly, experiencing their collective sentiment using a smart-phone devices.

According to the official website, "Trans-Art is ‘art’ that transcends the conventional form of art: the Trans-artist attempts to express the ‘Enlightenment and Awakening’, which is beyond ‘Form’, by using the ‘multi-dimensional expression method’ that he acquired from his own experience of the ‘enlightening and awakening’ process."

According to the guidance to Trans-Art, Trans Art Part 1, the multi-dimensional expression of "Enlightenment and Awakening", can be perceived and experienced as an indirect experience of ‘Spiritual Transcendence’ and a ‘Glimpse of Awakening’ in the form of art – “the preview of the Ego dis-identification which entails the separation of Mind (Ego) & Consciousness (True Nature)”.

In his major work, the ‘Optical Awakening series’, the artist shows the consecutive stages of the ‘Enlightenment and Awakening’ process based on his own experience. The series comprises 'Awakening Dimensions', ‘Initiation of Awakening’, ‘Awakening True-Nature’, ‘Flash of Enlightening’, ‘Trans-Perceiving Ego’, ‘Dark-side of Ego’, ‘Trans-Quantum Physics of Mind’, ‘Trans-Perceiving Mental Synapse’, ‘Self-Liberation’, ‘Breaking Free’, ‘Quest for Immortality’, and ‘Trans-Perception’.

Hanol Spiritual and Cultural Movement of Art
Hanol Spiritual and Cultural Movement of Art refers to a new type of religious endeavor through which anyone can experience the “Hanol philosophy” through art, without religious obligation or participation.

In commemoration of the 50th anniversary re-establishment, Hanol-gyo general assembly officially agreed upon reformation and endorsed the Hanol Spiritual & Cultural Movement of Art.

At the official request of Hanol-gyo, the artist provided his artworks for the Hanol Spiritual & Cultural Movement of Art which enabled the audience to experience the philosophy of “Spiritual Acceptance” of diverse spiritual culture without any conventional religious activity.

His art provided the basis for the 1st and the 2nd reformation of Hanol-gyo.
It presented a new possibility for the “Spiritual Acceptance” of diverse culture and structural evolution of religion by expanding the religious boundaries to include a wider perspective.

The Gates
"The Gates", the signature artwork of Optical Awakening, is inspired by la Porte de I'Enfer -The Gates of Hell, the unfinished masterpiece by Rodin.

The Artist reinterpreted The Gates of Hell and re-established it as the ‘Gates of Heaven(Nirvana)’ by using a mirror that symbolizes the reflection of the perceiver's inner state.

While The Gates of Hell symbolizes the beginning of indefinite suffering from one side, it could also symbolize the end of suffering from the other side if one could extricate oneself from hell through the gates.

He reconciles the Western religious definition of Hell (The beginning of endless suffering or the punishment of God) with the Eastern Buddhist terminology of Nirvana (The end of suffering).

The Gates series were developed into different forms such as sculpture, painting, lenticular and online art.

Tasting-Art
Trans-Art Part 2 Tasting Art, is to express and experience a glimpse of your ‘True Nature : your inner quality which allows you to recognize beauty in the first place’ by providing an extraordinary tasting experience.

The artist uses ‘taste’ as a means to express a glimpse of awakening by providing a 'once in a lifetime tasting exhibition' for an audience to experience the moment of speechless and mindless state of consciousness.

His first Tasting Art exhibition was held at the UE restaurant and cultural space, Samsungdong, Kangnamgu, Seoul, Korea, introducing opus 1 ‘Tasting Blossom’, opus 2 ‘Korean Suicide Stopper’ and opus 3 ’The Cho’.

Evolving Art
The Korean Trans-Artist Team (KTAT, Phase 3) introduced a new form of art called “Evolving Art”, as its 3rd major project.

The Evolving Art is an online art project that literally evolves indefinitely as long as its number of participants increases. The Evolving Art, namely <Super O>, is designed to expand its features using either the macro scale expansion method or the micro-quantum scale expansion method in which it continues to evolve indefinitely without limitations of time and space through an algorithm that expands in either macro scale or micro scales.

The circular O-shape of <Super O> symbolizes the common denominator of L”O”VE, H”O”PE, and “O”NENESS. It also represents the necessity of mutual co-existence of the human race, which aspires to transcend all barriers such as the conflicts and confrontations between ideologies, religions, states, races, genders, and cultures through this new type of art movement.

See also
Trans-Art
Hanol-gyo
Shin Jeong Yil

References

External links
 Trans-Art
 Shin Sewon - website
 Art of Enlightenment and Awakening
 Archive of past art works
 media news on teenage art works
 media news on business& diplomacy

Alumni of the University of Oxford
Contemporary painters
South Korean painters
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)


title: 2015 WGC-Cadillac Match Play

text:
The 2015 WGC-Cadillac Match Play was the 17th WGC-Cadillac Match Play Championship, played April 29 – May 3 at TPC Harding Park in San Francisco, California. It was the second of four World Golf Championships in 2015. Top-ranked Rory McIlroy defeated Gary Woodland  in the final, for his second win in a WGC event, after his win in the 2014 WGC-Bridgestone Invitational.

On September 30, 2014, Cadillac was announced as the new title sponsor.

Field
The field consisted of the top 64 players available from the Official World Golf Ranking on April 19. However, the seedings were based on the World Rankings on April 26.

Luke Donald (ranked 50 on April 19, personal reasons), Tim Clark (ranked 57, injury), and Phil Mickelson (ranked 18, personal reasons) did not compete, allowing entry for Miguel Ángel Jiménez (ranked 65), Francesco Molinari (ranked 66), and Mikko Ilonen (ranked 67).

Two players made their WGC debut: Andy Sullivan and Ben Martin.

Format
A new format was introduced in 2015. Previously, the Championship was a single elimination match play event. Beginning in 2015, the championship started with pool play, with 16 groups of four players playing round-robin matches, on Wednesday through Friday. There are no halved matches in pool play with extra holes played to determine the winner. The top 16 seeded players were allocated to the 16 groups, one in each group. The remaining 48 players were placed into three pools (seeds 17–32, seeds 33–48, seeds 49–64). Each group had one player randomly selected from each pool to complete the group.

The winners of each group advanced to a single-elimination bracket on the weekend, with the round of 16 and quarterfinals on Saturday, and the semi-finals, finals, and consolation match on Sunday. If two players are tied at the top of the group, the result of their head-to-head match determines the group winner. If three players are tied, the winner is determined by a sudden-death playoff.

Rank – Official World Golf Ranking on April 26, 2015.

Results

Pool play
Players were divided into 16 groups of four players and played round-robin matches on Wednesday to Friday.
Round 1 – April 29
Round 2 – April 30
Round 3 – May 1

Notes: Round 1

Of the 32 matches played, 14 were "upsets" with the lower seeded player beating the higher seeded player. These included #3 Henrik Stenson (lost to #60 John Senden), #6 Justin Rose (lost to #56 Marc Leishman), #7 Jason Day (lost to #49 Charley Hoffman), and #9 Adam Scott (lost to #64 Francesco Molinari).

Notes: Round 2

Of the 32 matches played, 16 were upsets. These included #5 Jim Furyk (lost to #44 Thongchai Jaidee), #7 Day (lost to #38 Branden Grace), #8 Dustin Johnson (lost to #37 Charl Schwartzel), #9 Scott (lost to #36 Paul Casey), and #10 Sergio García (lost to #39 Bernd Wiesberger). Two players, #13 Rickie Fowler and #60 John Senden, were guaranteed to advance.

Notes: Round 3

Of the 32 matches played, 18 were upsets. These included #2 Jordan Spieth (lost to #26 Lee Westwood), #3 Stenson (lost to #23 Bill Haas), #4 Bubba Watson (lost to #29 Louis Oosthuizen), #7 Day (lost to #24 Zach Johnson), #9 Scott (lost to #25 Chris Kirk), and #10 García (lost to #30 Jamie Donaldson). Day, Scott and Jimmy Walker were the only top seeds to lose all three matches. Only five of the top seeds advanced: #1 Rory McIlroy, #5 Furyk, #12 J. B. Holmes, #13 Fowler, and #16 Hideki Matsuyama. 12 of the 16 group winners advanced with perfect 3–0 records. Three groups winners advanced based on head-to-head tie-breaker and one group went to a three-way sudden-death playoff. Branden Grace defeated Zach Johnson and Charley Hoffman on the third extra hole in group 7. In Group 11, all six matches of the three rounds were upsets. A total of 18 of the 96 matches went extra holes, causing some to suggest altering the format next year to include halved matches.

Final 16 bracket

The match between Rory McIlroy and Paul Casey was completed on May 3 having been all square after 21 holes when it became too dark to continue.

Prize money breakdown

 Source:

References

External links

Coverage on the European Tour's official site

WGC Match Play
Golf in California
WGC-Cadillac Match Play Championship
WGC-Cadillac Match Play Championship
WGC-Cadillac Match Play Championship
WGC-Cadillac Match Play Championship
WGC-Cadillac Match Play Championship


title: Lynn, Nebraska

text:
Lynn is an unincorporated community in Morrill County, Nebraska, United States.

History
A post office was established at Lynn in 1910, and was discontinued in 1923. Lynn was likely named for a pioneer settler.

References

Unincorporated communities in Morrill County, Nebraska
Unincorporated communities in Nebraska


title: 2014 US Open – Wheelchair quad singles

text:
Andrew Lapthorne defeated David Wagner in the final, 7–5, 6–2 to win the quad singles wheelchair tennis title at the 2014 US Open.

Lucas Sithole was the defending champion, but was eliminated in the round-robin stage.

Draw

Final

Round robin
Standings are determined by: 1. number of wins; 2. number of matches; 3. in two-players-ties, head-to-head records; 4. in three-players-ties, percentage of sets won, or of games won; 5. steering-committee decision.

External links
 Draw

Wheelchair Quad Singles
U.S. Open, 2014 Quad Singles


title: Wonder en is gheen Wonder

text:
Wonder en is gheen Wonder (Mystery is no Mystery) is a popular science magazine of the Flemish skeptical association SKEPP. The paper was founded in 2000 by Tom Schoepen, who also served as its editor for its first ten years. The magazine is published four times a year and addresses pseudoscientific as well as science philosophical topics. The title is a reference to the 16th century Flemish mathematician and engineer Simon Stevin's commentary to his famous thought experiment: even if something looks strange, it can still have a naturalistic explanation. The subtitle Tijdschrift voor wetenschap en rede ("Magazine for science and reason") was taken from Skeptical Inquirer, the most world-renowned skeptical magazine that is published by the Committee for Skeptical Inquiry.

As of 2016, the editorial staff is composed as follows:
Core staff
 Bart Coenen (editor-in-chief)
 Cliff Beeckman
 Johan Braeckman
 Tim Trachet
 Luc Vancampenhout
 Pieter Van Nuffel
 Wietse Wiels

Editorial committee
 Wim Betz
 Stefaan Blancke
 Luc Bonneux
 Maarten Boudry
 Maxime Darge
 Geerdt Magiels
 Ronny Martens
 Marc Meuleman
 Pieter Peyskens
 Griet Vandermassen
 Frank Verhoft

See also
 Critical thinking
 Freethought
 Skepter
 Skeptic (U.S. magazine)
 Skeptical Inquirer
 Snopes.com
 The Freethinker (journal)
 The Skeptic (UK magazine)
 The Skeptic's Dictionary

References

External links
 Official website

2000 establishments in Belgium
Dutch-language magazines
Magazines established in 2000
Magazines published in Brussels
Magazines published in Flanders
Paranormal magazines
Popular science magazines
Quarterly magazines
Scientific skepticism mass media
Science and technology magazines


title: Horace Ezra Bixby

text:
Horace Ezra Bixby (May 8, 1826 – August 1, 1912) was a steamboat pilot on the Mississippi-Missouri-Ohio river system from the late 1840s until his death in 1912. Bixby is notable in his own right for his high standing in his profession, for his technical contributions to it, and for his service in the American Civil War. However, he is best known for having had as his "cub pilot" (that is, apprentice or trainee) the young man known to him as Sam Clemens, later to become famous under his pen name as American author Mark Twain. Twain's descriptions of Bixby's character and pedagogic style form a good part of his memoir Life on the Mississippi, and it was through this medium that Bixby—much to his annoyance—became well-known beyond the circles of his family, friends and profession.

Early life
Horace Bixby was born in Geneseo, New York, a town near Rochester in the Finger Lakes region of New York, on May 8, 1826, to Sylvanus and Hanna Bixby. While still in his teens, he left home and moved to Cincinnati, Ohio where he first worked in a tailor's shop, and then became a mud clerk on the packet boat Olivia. Within two years, he had become the Olivia pilot.

Pre-Civil War career
As Twain describes at length in Life on the Mississippi, a rare combination of skills and talents, honed to perfection and maintained there by unremitting drill, was required in the mid-nineteenth century, in order to safely navigate a steamboat on the Mississippi and the Missouri, "vast streams...whose alluvial banks cave and change constantly, whose snags are always hunting up new quarters, whose sandbars are never at rest, whose channels are for ever dodging and shirking, and whose obstructions must be confronted in all nights and all weathers without [at that time] the aid of a single light-house or a single buoy." The pilot needed to have total, perfect, and instantaneous recall for every detail of the river's meandering and ever-changing channel, with its chutes, islands, sandbars, underwater rocks, "reefs", snags, and sunken wrecks. He needed to be able to intuit exactly how any rise or fall in the river would affect its minimum depth at hundreds of shoal places, and know how to read the surface of the water "like a book." Finally, and most importantly, the successful pilot required "good and quick judgment and decision, and a cool, calm courage that no peril can shake." Successful pilots were able to command a salary variously reported as six times that of a clergyman and greater than that of the Vice President of the United States. In this demanding profession, Horace Bixby was an acknowledged master.

A steamboat's pilot had not only to keep the boat safe from navigational hazards, but also to complete each journey in the shortest possible time. The unusually good speed that he was able to make without compromising safety earned him the title "Lightning" Bixby. Switzer attributes this sobriquet to his having once completed the voyage from New Orleans to St. Louis in only 4 days, 14 hours and 20 minutes. Twain recounts an incident in which Bixby saved his steamboat a full night's delay by a tour de force of piloting, prompting another pilot aboard at the time to exclaim, "By the Shadow of Death, but he's a lightning pilot!"

Bixby was also unusual in that he held a pilot's licence for all three of the major inland waterways—the lower Mississippi, the Missouri, and the Ohio—rather than only for one, as was the case with most pilots. Piloting on the Missouri during Bixby's first years there (1856–58) presented special challenges due to the undeveloped nature of the country through which it passed; a steamboat might find its forward progress impeded "by buffalo herds crossing the river one day and by Sioux warriors the next."

A partial list of the boats on which Bixby was employed as pilot during this period includes Olivia, Hungarian, Paul Jones, Colonel Crossman, Crescent City, Rufus J. Lackland, William M. Morrison, New Falls City, and Aleck Scott. Bixby's time on the Colonel Crossman included an explosion in which 14 people were killed.

Early relationship with Twain
Bixby first met Twain in February 1857, when the latter was 21 years old. Twain was traveling to New Orleans on the Paul Jones, on the way to South America, where he planned to raise coca, a legal crop at the time, as the process of extracting cocaine from it had not yet been invented. However, he had harbored a boyhood dream of becoming a river pilot, which he decided to make one more effort to pursue. After some negotiations, Bixby agreed to teach him the lower Mississippi for $500, of which $100 was paid in advance and the balance was to be paid out of his salary after becoming a pilot. As it happened, Twain was able to pay only $300 before the outbreak of the Civil War shut down all commercial traffic on the Mississippi. He and Bixby agreed between them to cancel the remaining balance. For much of the next two years, Twain served his apprenticeship under Bixby, though occasionally his mentor placed him with other pilots, such as during the period when Bixby was learning, and working on, the Missouri River. After Twain got his licence, the two of them worked together as pilots on the Crescent City and the New Falls City. In Life on the Mississippi, Twain portrays Bixby as an "irascible but lovable mentor."

One point on which Bixby's friends took issue with Twain was his portrayal of Bixby as "a profane man," that is, as someone who occasionally used profanity for emphasis in conversation. They reported him to be a person who was always "gentle of speech." Note however that there was a difference in the etiquette of shore-based discourse and that on board a vessel, where the use of bad language by the crew (among themselves) was commonplace, and even expected.

Civil War service
Horace Bixby served as pilot of the USS Benton from October 25, 1861 until August 28, 1862. The Benton was the flagship of the  Mississippi River Squadron, and both Twain and Bixby's obituary refer to him as having been the squadron's "Chief Pilot" at the time of the Battle of Memphis. Bixby's obituary states that he "always held the Union victory at Memphis due to the information he gave Commodore Foote."

Post-war career
Horace Bixby was one of the pilots of the steamboat Bertrand, which sank on April 1, 1865, after hitting a snag in the Missouri River, north of Omaha, Nebraska, in what was to become the DeSoto National Wildlife Refuge. The wreck of the Bertrand was excavated in 1968, and much of its cargo as survived—over 500,000 artifacts—are on display at the museum of the DeSoto National Wildlife Refuge near Missouri Valley, Iowa.

In the last few decades of his life, Bixby worked on the river both as pilot and as captain. (A captain was in charge of all aspects of his boat's management  for its navigation while underway, which was the exclusive province of the pilot on duty, and in which the captain was forbidden to interfere.) During much of this period, Bixby worked as a captain for the Anchor Line, and owned more stock in the company than any other employee, having heavily invested in one of its predecessor companies.

Together with George Richey, Bixby was granted a patent for a new type of binnacle light in 1871. This invention was part of a larger project to improve the safety of navigation on the river. As described by Twain, "Horace Bixby and George Ritchie [sic] have charted the crossings and laid out the courses by compass; they have invented a lamp to go with the chart, and have patented the whole. With these helps, one may run [the boat] in the fog now, with considerable security, and with a confidence unknown in the old days."

A partial list of the boats on which Bixby served during this period, and the positions he held, includes City of Natchez (Master, 1885-1886), Crystal City (Captain, 1887), City of Hickman (Master, 1890), City of Alton (Captain), and City of Baton Rouge (Master). Bixby was a part-owner of the City of Alton, having purchased it in partnership with his father-in-law and two other men.

Bixby remained professionally active until the very end of his life. His final command assignment, of the government snagboat Horatio G. Wright, was completed on July 30, 1912. He was awaiting a call to take out the government tugboat Nokomis when he died two days later, in Maplewood, Missouri, on August 1. As his obituary stated, "He died as he often said he wished to die, 'in the harness.'"

Later relationship with Twain
When Twain returned to the Mississippi River, in the spring of 1882, to collect material for the later chapters of Life on the Mississippi, Bixby was happy to meet him in New Orleans. By all evidence, they remained life-long friends.

Although it appears that Bixby did not greatly blame Twain for his portrayal of him, the charm of being associated with him in the public mind, and of being pestered by reporters for yet more details about their time together, quickly paled. Bixby's obituary states that "Captain Bixby received hundreds of letters from strangers, who knew him solely through Mark Twain's books. This became distasteful to him, and during late years he had avoided all mention of Mark Twain's name." Waterways Journal of April 30, 1910 reports that, "In Memphis one time, [Bixby] told a reporter that he wished Mark Twain were dead so he wouldn't be bothered in retailing reminiscences about him longer. He was annoyed when the remark was printed, but there is no record that Mark Twain ever heard of it, and if he had, it was just the sort of a whimsicality that he would have appreciated."

Family and portrait
Bixby was first married to Susan Weibling of New Orleans. According to Switzer, the marriage took place in 1853, but other sources date it in 1860. They had no children who survived infancy, and she died in 1867. In 1869, he married Mary Sheble, daughter of Captain Edwin A. Sheble of St. Louis, with whom he had three children, a daughter, Edwina, and two sons, Edwin and George Mason. Edwina married Dr. Louis T. Pim in 1901, and by 1910 Horace and Mary had come to live with them. Mary Bixby survived her husband by nine years, dying in 1921. The two of them are buried in Bellefontaine Cemetery in St. Louis, Missouri.

A portrait photograph of Horace Bixby may be viewed in the collection of UW-La Crosse.

Portrayal in media
Horace Bixby was portrayed by Robert Barrat in the 1944 film The Adventures of Mark Twain, by Robert Lansing in the Great Performances episode Life on the Mississippi,  and by Doug Mancheski in the American Folklore Theatre production of the musical Life on the Mississippi.

Notes

References

 .

  Author website: Jerome Loving

  Portrait photograph of Horace Bixby and biographical note:

1826 births
1912 deaths
People from Geneseo, New York
People of Missouri in the American Civil War
Maritime history of the United States
Transport pioneers


title: Hugh Cathcart Thompson

text:
Hugh Cathcart Thompson (1829–1919) was an American architect from Tennessee.

Early life
High Cathcart Thomson was born in 1829.

Career
Thompson designed fifty-six buildings during his career as an architect in Nashville, Tennessee. Only nine are still standing.
In 1887, he designed Baxter Court for Jere Baxter (1852–1904), located at 307–311 on Church Street in Nashville, Tennessee. It was home to the Chamber of Commerce. However, it was demolished in 1970. In 1889, he designed the First Methodist Church in McMinnville, Tennessee, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places listings in Warren County, Tennessee.In 1891, Thompson designed the Ryman Auditorium at 116 5th Avenue North in Nashville. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places listings in Davidson County, Tennessee. That same year, he designed the Utopia Hotel located at 206 4th Avenue North in Nashville, also listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Additionally, he designed the Community Baptist Church on the corner of South Douglas and Elliott Avenues in the Waverly Place Historic District, a neighbourhood in Nashville listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Thompson also designed the private residence of Volney James on the southwest corner of Fatherland and Fifth Streets in East Nashville, which was demolished in 1963.

Death
Thompson died in 1919.

Secondary source
William W. Howell. Hugh Cathcart Thompson, Native Tennessee Architect. Knoxville, Tennessee: University of Tennessee Press. 1975.

References

1829 births
1919 deaths
Artists from Nashville, Tennessee
Architects from Tennessee


title: 2014 US Open – Wheelchair quad doubles

text:
Five-time defending champions Nick Taylor and David Wagner defeated Andrew Lapthorne and Lucas Sithole in the final, 6–3, 7–5 to win the quad doubles wheelchair tennis title at the 2014 US Open.

Draw

Final

External links
 Draw

Wheelchair Quad Doubles
U.S. Open, 2014 Quad Doubles


title: Redington, Nebraska

text:
Redington is an unincorporated community in Morrill County, Nebraska, United States.

History
A post office was established at Redington in 1886, and remained in operation until it was discontinued in 1962. The community was named for Henry V. Redington, a pioneer.

References

Unincorporated communities in Morrill County, Nebraska
Unincorporated communities in Nebraska


title: 2014 US Open – Men's doubles

text:
Leander Paes and Radek Štěpánek were the defending champions, but lost in the third round to Marcel Granollers and Marc López.

Bob and Mike Bryan won the title, defeating Granollers and López in the final, 6–3, 6–4. This marked several milestones for the American twins:
 It was their 100th ATP World Tour title as a team.
 This was their fifth US Open title, taking them past Bob Lutz and Stan Smith for the most in the Open Era, and drawing them level with 1880s players Richard Sears and James Dwight for the most overall.
 They also extended their own records for most Grand Slam titles (16) and most consecutive seasons with at least one Grand Slam title (10).

Seeds

Draw

Finals

Top half

Section 1

Section 2

Bottom half

Section 3

Section 4

References

External links
Draw
2014 US Open – Men's draws and results at the International Tennis Federation

Men's Doubles
US Open - Men's Doubles
US Open (tennis) by year – Men's doubles


title: 2014 US Open – Women's doubles

text:
Andrea Hlaváčková and Lucie Hradecká were the defending champions, but chose not to participate together.  Hlaváčková played alongside Zheng Jie, but lost in the quarterfinals to Kimiko Date-Krumm and Barbora Záhlavová-Strýcová. Hradecká teamed up with Michaëlla Krajicek, but lost in the third round to Zarina Diyas and Xu Yifan.
Ekaterina Makarova and Elena Vesnina won their second Grand Slam doubles title together, defeating Martina Hingis and Flavia Pennetta in the final, 2–6, 6–3, 6–2.

Seeds

Draw

Finals

Top half

Section 1

Section 2

Bottom half

Section 3

Section 4

References

External links
Draw
2014 US Open – Women's draws and results at the International Tennis Federation

Women's Doubles
US Open - Women's Doubles
US Open (tennis) by year – Women's doubles
2014 in women's tennis
2014 in American women's sports


title: Henry Day (priest)

text:
Henry Cyril Day, S.J. (29 May 1865 – 23 January 1951) was an English Catholic priest and author.

Biography
He was educated at Beaumont College, in Old Windsor, Berkshire. From there he entered the Society of Jesus in 1884 and was ordained in 1894. Day was opposed to women's suffrage and was criticised vehemently by Welsh Catholic suffragist Alice Abadam in Catholic magazines in 1911-12.

Day in offered his service as a chaplain days before the outbreak of World War I and served in Egypt, Gallipoli, Macedonia, and France.

He was decorated with the Serbian White Eagle and was awarded the Military Cross.

Works
 (1908). Socialism and the Catholic Church.
 (1912). Marriage, Divorce and Morality.
 (1914). Catholic Democracy, Individualism and Socialism (with a preface by Cardinal Bourne).
 (1922). A Cavalry Chaplain (with an introduction by Sir W. E. Peyton).
 (1924). The New Morality: A Candid Criticism.
 (1927). The Love Story of the Little Flower.
 (1930). Macedonian Memories (with a preface by Sir George F. Milne).
 (1937). On the Troopship to India.
 (1937). An Army Chaplain's War Memories.

References

External links
 Jesuit Chaplains of 1914

1865 births
1951 deaths
English religious writers
Roman Catholic writers
19th-century English Roman Catholic priests
20th-century English Roman Catholic priests
Recipients of the Military Cross
English male non-fiction writers


title: K-8-class minesweeper

text:
The K-8 class was a minesweeper first manufactured by Poland for the Soviet Navy in 1954.

Operational history
Those minesweepers replaced a variety of minesweepers that had been used during World War II. This gave the navy an inexpensive ship to clear mines from its harbors in case of a war with NATO and the West. A wooden hull negated the effects of magnetic mines, and the vessels towed minesweeping gear behind them. However, vessels had no equipment for actually handling mines aboard ship.

Am total of forty vessels were completed. The TR-40 minesweeper slowly replaced the K-8s in Soviet service, but the vessels were transferred to foreign navies such as Poland, Cuba and Vietnam. Designated Project 361T, a handful of K-8 boats were converted to mine warfare drones but saw limited service. The survivors were put into reserve until being struck from the record in the early 1980s.

References

Bibliography

Cold War minesweepers of Poland
Cold War minesweepers of the Soviet Union
Minesweepers of the Cuban Navy
Minesweepers of the Polish Navy
Minesweepers of the Soviet Navy
Minesweepers of the Russian Navy
Minesweepers of the Vietnam People's Navy


title: 2014 US Open – Mixed doubles

text:
Andrea Hlaváčková and Max Mirnyi were the defending champions, but chose not to participate together.  Hlaváčková played alongside Alexander Peya, but lost in the second round to Taylor Townsend and Donald Young.  Mirnyi teamed up with Chan Hao-ching, but lost in the second round to Ashleigh Barty and John Peers.

Sania Mirza and Bruno Soares won the title, defeating Abigail Spears and Santiago González 6–1, 2–6, [11–9] in the final.

Seeds

Draw

Finals

Top half

Bottom half

References

External links
 Draw
2014 US Open – Doubles draws and results at the International Tennis Federation

Mixed Doubles
US Open - Mixed Doubles
US Open - Mixed Doubles
US Open (tennis) by year – Mixed doubles