title: KGraft

text:
kGraft is a feature of the Linux kernel that implements live patching of a running kernel, which allows kernel patches to be applied while the kernel is still running.  By avoiding the need for rebooting the system with a new kernel that contains the desired patches, kGraft aims to maximize the system uptime and availability. At the same time, kGraft allows kernel-related security updates to be applied without deferring them to scheduled downtimes. Internally, kGraft allows entire functions in a running kernel to be replaced with their patched versions, doing that safely by selectively using original versions of functions to ensure per-process consistency while the live patching is performed.

kGraft is developed by SUSE, with its source code licensed under the terms of versions two and three of the GNU General Public License (GPL). In April 2014, kGraft was submitted for inclusion into the Linux kernel mainline, and the minimalistic foundations for live patching were merged into the Linux kernel mainline in kernel version 4.0, which was released on April 12, 2015.

Internals
Internally, kGraft consists of two parts the core kernel module executes the live patching mechanism by altering kernel's inner workings, while userspace utilities prepare individual hot patch kernel modules from source diffs. Live kernel patching is performed at the function level, meaning that kGraft can replace entire functions in the running kernel with their patched versions, while relying on the mechanisms and infrastructure established by ftrace to "route around" old versions of functions. No changes to the kernel's internal data structures are possible; however, security patches, which are one of the natural candidates to be used with kGraft, rarely contain changes to the kernel's data structures.

While applying hot patches, kGraft does not require a running kernel to be stopped for patched versions of functions to be introduced into it. Instead of replacing functions atomically, kGraft provides consistent "world views" (or "universes") to userspace processes, kernel threads and interrupt handlers, which are monitored during their execution so the original versions of patched kernel functions can continue to be used. To accomplish that, kGraft maintains original versions of patched functions in a read-copy-update (RCU) fashion, and dynamically selects between the original and patched versions depending on which process, kernel thread or interrupt handler executes them. More specifically, original versions of functions continue to be usedat the time when a hot patch is appliedfor processes currently executing within the kernel space, for kernel threads until they reach their completion points, and for currently executing interrupt handlers.

Due to its design, kGraft does not introduce additional latency while applying hot patches. As the downside, original versions of patched kernel functions may be required to be maintained for extended periods of time in case there are processes that remain for too long within the kernel space; for example, a process may wait for I/O on a network socket. Also, as both original and patched versions of functions are allowed to be executed in parallel, troubles may arise if they use kernel's internal data structures in different ways.

History
SUSE announced kGraft in January 2014 and released it publicly in March 2014 under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 (GPLv2) for the kernel part, and under the terms of version 3 (GPLv3) for the userspace part. It was released shortly after Red Hat released its own live kernel patching implementation called kpatch. kGraft aims to become merged into the Linux kernel mainline, and it was submitted for the inclusion in April 2014.

kGraft was made available for SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 on November 18, 2014, as an additional feature called SUSE Linux Enterprise Live Patching.

Minimalistic foundations for live kernel patching were merged into the Linux kernel mainline in kernel version 4.0, which was released on April 12, 2015. Those foundations, based primarily on the kernel's ftrace functionality, form a common core capable of supporting hot patching by both kGraft and kpatch, by providing an application programming interface (API) for kernel modules that contain hot patches and an application binary interface (ABI) for the userspace management utilities. However, the common core included into Linux kernel 4.0 supports only the x86 architecture and does not provide any mechanisms for ensuring function-level consistency while the hot patches are applied.

Since April 2015, there is ongoing work on porting kGraft to the common live patching core provided by the Linux kernel mainline. However, implementation of the required function-level consistency mechanisms has been delayed because the call stacks provided by the Linux kernel may be unreliable in situations that involve assembly code without proper stack frames; as a result, the porting work remains in progress .  In an attempt to improve the reliability of kernel's call stacks, a specialized sanity-check  userspace utility has also been developed.

See also

 Dynamic software updating, a field of research focusing on upgrading programs while they are running
 kexec, a method for loading a whole new Linux kernel from a running system
 Ksplice and KernelCare, other Linux kernel live patching technologies developed by Ksplice, Inc. (later acquired by Oracle) and CloudLinux, respectively

References

External links

Free security software programmed in C
Linux kernel live patching
Linux-only free software
SUSE Linux


title: Kpatch

text:
kpatch is a feature of the Linux kernel that implements live patching of a running kernel, which allows kernel patches to be applied while the kernel is still running.  By avoiding the need for rebooting the system with a new kernel that contains the desired patches, kpatch aims to maximize the system uptime and availability.  At the same time, kpatch allows kernel-related security updates to be applied without deferring them to scheduled downtimes.  Internally, kpatch allows entire functions in a running kernel to be replaced with their patched versions, doing that safely by stopping all running processes while the live patching is performed.

kpatch is developed by Red Hat, with its source code licensed under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 (GPLv2).  In May 2014, kpatch was submitted for inclusion into the Linux kernel mainline, and the minimalistic foundations for live patching were merged into the Linux kernel mainline in kernel version 4.0, which was released on April 12, 2015.

Internals

Internally, kpatch consists of two parts the core kernel module executes the live patching mechanism by altering kernel's inner workings, while a set of userspace utilities prepares individual hot patch kernel modules from source diffs and manages their application.  Live kernel patching is performed at the function level, meaning that kpatch can replace entire functions in the running kernel with their patched versions by using facilities provided by ftrace to "route around" old versions of functions; that way, hot patches can also easily be undone.  No changes to the kernel's internal data structures are possible; however, security patches, which are one of the natural candidates to be used with kpatch, rarely contain changes to the kernel's data structures.

kpatch ensures that hot patches are applied atomically and safely by stopping all running processes while the hot patch is applied, and by ensuring that none of the stopped processes is running inside the functions that are to be patched.  Such an approach simplifies the whole live patching mechanism and prevents certain issues associated with the way data structures are used by original and patched versions of functions.  As the downside, this approach also leaves the possibility for a hot patch to fail, and introduces a small amount of latency required for stopping all running processes.

History
Red Hat announced and publicly released kpatch in February 2014 under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 (GPLv2), shortly before SUSE released its own live kernel patching implementation called kGraft.  kpatch was merged into the Linux kernel mainline, and it was submitted for the inclusion in May 2014.

kpatch has been included in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.0, released on June 10, 2014, as a technology preview.

Minimalistic foundations for live kernel patching were merged into the Linux kernel mainline in kernel version 4.0, which was released on April 12, 2015.  Those foundations, based primarily on the kernel's ftrace functionality, form a common core capable of supporting hot patching by both kpatch and kGraft, by providing an application programming interface (API) for kernel modules that contain hot patches and an application binary interface (ABI) for the userspace management utilities.  However, the common core included into Linux kernel 4.0 supports only the x86 architecture and does not provide any mechanisms for ensuring function-level consistency while the hot patches are applied.

Since April 2015, there is ongoing work on porting kpatch to the common live patching core provided by the Linux kernel mainline.  However, implementation of the required function-level consistency mechanisms has been delayed because the call stacks provided by the Linux kernel may be unreliable in situations that involve assembly code without proper stack frames; as a result, the porting work remains in progress .  In an attempt to improve the reliability of kernel's call stacks, a specialized sanity-check  userspace utility has also been developed.

See also

 Dynamic software updating, a field of research focusing on upgrading programs while they are running
 kexec, a method for loading a whole new Linux kernel from a running system
 Ksplice and KernelCare, other Linux kernel live patching technologies developed by Ksplice, Inc. (later acquired by Oracle) and CloudLinux, respectively

References

External links
 kpatch source code on GitHub

Free security software programmed in C
Linux kernel live patching
Linux-only free software


title: Amata cerbera

text:
Amata cerbera, the heady maiden, is a moth of the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by Carl Linnaeus in 1764. It has an extensive range in sub-Saharan Africa.

Range
It is found in Angola, the DRC, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Malawi, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Tanzania and Uganda.

Food plants
The larvae feed on Rumex, Corylus, Plantago and Rubus species, but have also been recorded feeding on various grasses (including Festuca and Anthoxanthum) as well as Thapsia, Taraxacum, Urtica and Sonchus species, and even hay and paper.

Description
Upperside: Antennae and head black. Thorax and abdomen shining blueish green; the latter having on the middle three rings of scarlet extending from side to side, but not meeting underneath. Anterior wings dark green, with six transparent spots like glass on them; the smallest, near the base, is round; three others, placed next the external margin, are oblong; the other two, which are in the middle, are oval and triangular. Posterior wings dark green, with two transparent spots; the largest next the shoulders; the other, which is round and small, beyond the middle.

Underside: Breast, abdomen, and legs shining mazarine blue, inclining to green; on the former is a small red spot, close to the shoulders of the superior wings. The hinder legs have one joint white. Wings of the same colour as on the upper side.

Subspecies
Amata cerbera cerbera
Amata cerbera hanningtoni (Seitz, 1926) – DRC, Malawi, Tanzania

References

External links

 Bode, J. (2011). Amata cerbera mating, video of A. cerbera mating habits, taken near Darling, West Coast of South Africa, YouTube

cerbera
Moths of Africa
Moths described in 1764
Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
Descriptions from Illustrations of Exotic Entomology


title: Phi Pegasi

text:
φ Pegasi, Latinised as Phi Pegasi, is a solitary, reddish hued star in the northern constellation of Pegasus. With an apparent visual magnitude of around 5.1, it is a faint star that can be seen with the naked eye. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 7.05 mas as seen from Earth, the system is located around 460 light years distant from the Sun. At that distance, the visual magnitude of the star is diminished by an extinction factor of 0.15 due to interstellar dust.

This is an evolved red giant star with a stellar classification of M2.5 IIIb. It is a semiregular variable that ranges between magnitudes 5.11 and 5.17. Hipparcos mission photometry gives an amplitude variation of 0.0148 in magnitude with a frequency of 11.4 cycles per day.  It is likely to be a semiregular variable and is tentatively classified as type SRb.

In terms of its right ascension coordinates, φ Pegasi is located very near the line of the vernal equinox and will cross over around the year 3030, due to the precession of the Earth's axis.

References

M-type giants
Semiregular variable stars
Pegasus (constellation)
Pegasi, Phi
BD+18 5231
Pegasi, 81
223768
117718
9036


title: Amata ceres

text:
Amata ceres is a moth of the  subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by Charles Oberthür in 1878. It is found in Malawi and Tanzania.

References

 Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

ceres
Moths described in 1878
Moths of Africa


title: Amata chariessa

text:
Amata chariessa is a moth of the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by Karl Jordan in 1936. It is found in Zambia.

References

Endemic fauna of Zambia
chariessa
Moths described in 1936
Moths of Africa


title: Amata chloroscia

text:
Amata chloroscia is a moth of the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by George Hampson in 1901. It is found in Kenya and Tanzania.

References

chloroscia
Moths described in 1901
Moths of Africa


title: Salomé Báncora

text:
Salomé Báncora (born February 28, 1993 in Buenos Aires, Argentina) is an alpine skier competing for Argentina. She competed for Argentina at the 2014 Winter Olympics in the slalom and giant slalom.

2014:
 Campeona Argentina de Slalom

2015:
 Campeona Argentina de Slalom Gigante

2016:
 Campeona Argentina de Slalom

References

External links

1993 births
Living people
Argentine female alpine skiers
Olympic alpine skiers for Argentina
Alpine skiers at the 2014 Winter Olympics
Skiers from Buenos Aires


title: Cirsium barnebyi

text:
Cirsium barnebyi, or Barneby's thistle, is a North American plant species native to the Rocky Mountains of the western United States. It grows in juniper woodlands, sagebrush scrub, etc., at elevations of . It is reported from 6 counties in 3 states: Rio Blanco and Garfield Counties, Colorado; Uintah, Carbon and Duchesne Counties, Utah; and Carbon County, Wyoming.

Cirsium barnebyi is a sparsely-branched perennial herb up to  tall, with a woody taproot. Leaves are oblong to elliptic, up to  long, undulate (wavy), lobed with sharp spines along the edges. Flower heads 1-20, borne at the top of the plant or on the tips of the branches. The phyllaries (modified leaves around the base of the heads) bear sharp spines. Flowers are lavender to pinkish-purple.

References

barnebyi
Flora of Colorado
Flora of Wyoming
Flora of Utah
Flora of the Rocky Mountains
Plants described in 1981
Flora without expected TNC conservation status


title: Amata cholmlei

text:
Amata cholmlei is a moth of the  subfamily Arctiinae. Described by George Hampson in 1907, it is found in Kenya.

References

 Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

Endemic moths of Kenya
cholmlei
Moths described in 1907
Moths of Africa


title: Spring Gardens, Manchester

text:
Spring Gardens is an important thoroughfare in Manchester city centre. This L-shaped street, formerly the centre of the north-west banking industry, has five Grade II listed buildings and is part of the Upper King Street conservation area.

Location
King Street runs from Market Street to the north to the eastern end of King Street, then turns left (south-east) crossing Mosley Street, continuing as Charlotte Street.

Notable buildings
Five buildings are listed Grade II.

Even nos. (west side)
 Tootal House, John Radcliffe and Associates 1982
 Lowry House, with a 58-metre tower, Arthur Smith and Associates 1975-76
Nos.60 and 62. A former warehouse, built in 1881-1883 by Alfred Waterhouse,  then occupied by Minster Insurance. Grade II.

Odd nos. (east side)
 The Post Office,  Cruikshank & Seward (1969). There has been a Post Office in Spring Gardens since 1623, this building was the largest post office in the north of England when built. The upper interior wall are lined with bold fibreglass panels, in the style of William Mitchell however the designer remains mysteriously anonymous.
 Amethyst House by Howitt and Tucker. 1973
 1 York St, Former Parr's Bank. Grade II*. 1902 by Charles Heathcote.
 No.41 Waterhouse's 1888-1890 building for the National Provincial Bank. Grade II.
 Nos.43 and 45. Lancashire & Yorkshire Bank, 1890 by Heathcote & Rawle.
 No.47. The commercial Union Assurance Society building, built by Charles Heathcote in 1881. Former Barclay's Bank. Grade II.
 No.49. Formerly a warehouse designed by Clegg & Knowles in 1879. Grade II.

See also
List of streets in Manchester

References
Notes

Bibliography

External links

Listed buildings in Manchester by street (S)
Downloadable map of the Conservation area

Streets in Manchester
Shopping streets in Manchester
Tourist attractions in Manchester


title: Amata chrysozona

text:
Amata chrysozona is a moth of the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by George Hampson in 1898. It is found in Rwanda, Somalia, Tanzania and Uganda.

References

chrysozona
Moths described in 1898
Moths of Africa


title: Guyambal language

text:
Gujambal (Guyambal, Kwiambal) is a possible extinct Australian Aboriginal language. It is undocumented.  'Gambuwal' may have been the same language.

References

External links
 Bibliography of Gujambal people and language resources, at the Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies

Unclassified languages of Australia
Extinct languages of Queensland


title: Amata congener

text:
Amata congener is a moth of the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by George Hampson in 1901. It is found in Kenya.

References

Endemic moths of Kenya
congener
Moths described in 1901
Moths of Africa


title: Amata consimilis

text:
Amata consimilis is a moth of the subfamily Arctiinae that was described by George Hampson in 1901. It is found in Kenya and Tanzania.

References

consimilis
Moths described in 1901
Moths of Africa


title: Amata creobota

text:
Amata creobota is a moth of the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by William Jacob Holland in 1893. It is found in the Republic of the Congo and Gabon.

References

creobota
Moths described in 1893
Moths of Africa


title: The Witch's Cradle

text:
The Witch's Cradle (1944), sometimes billed as Witches' Cradle, is an unfinished, silent, experimental short film written and directed by Maya Deren, featuring Marcel Duchamp, and filmed in Peggy Guggenheim's Art of This Century gallery.

Plot
The surrealist film shows repetitive imagery involving a string fashioned in a bizarre, almost spiderweb-like pattern over the hands of several individuals, most notably an unnamed young woman (Pajorita Marta) and an elderly gentleman (Duchamp).

The film also shows a shadowy darkness and people filmed at odd angles, an exposed human heart, and other occult symbols and ritualistic imagery which evokes an unsettling and dream-like aura.

Cast
Marcel Duchamp as The artist (uncredited)
Pajorita Marta as The girl (uncredited)

Production

The Witch's Cradle was written and directed by experimental filmmaker Maya Deren. The film was developed at a comparison between surrealists' defiance of time and space and that of medieval magicians and witches.  Daren developed the film over a period of one month, lasting from August to September 1943. However, long after principal photography for the film commenced, she abandoned the project, leaving the film incomplete. Some of the film's outtakes were found and stored at the Anthology Film Archives, while several sequences that were shot appear to be lost. Surviving shots from the film are mostly semi-edited sequences, including one particular sequence that Deren had engineered during post-production to be played backwards.

See also
 Experimental film
 Lost film

References

Bibliography

External links

1944 short films
1944 films
1940s unfinished films
1940s avant-garde and experimental films
American silent short films
American avant-garde and experimental films
American black-and-white films
Films directed by Maya Deren
1940s American films


title: Amata croceizona

text:
Amata croceizona is a moth of the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by George Hampson in 1910. It is found in Zambia and Zimbabwe.

References

croceizona
Moths described in 1910
Moths of Africa


title: Julietta Quiroga

text:
Julietta Quiroga Cavalli (born 1 November 1988 in Crossnore, North Carolina, United States) is an alpine skier competing for Argentina. She will compete for Argentina at the 2014 Winter Olympics in the slalom and giant slalom.

She currently resides in Bariloche, Argentina.

References

External links

1988 births
Living people
Argentine female alpine skiers
Olympic alpine skiers for Argentina
Alpine skiers at the 2014 Winter Olympics
People from Avery County, North Carolina


title: Amata cuprizonata

text:
Amata cuprizonata is a moth of the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by George Hampson in 1901. It is found in Kenya, South Africa, Tanzania and Uganda.

References

cuprizonata
Moths described in 1901
Moths of Africa


title: Amata cyanea

text:
Amata cyanea is a moth of the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by George Hampson in 1914. It is found in Uganda.

References

Endemic fauna of Uganda
cyanea
Moths described in 1914
Moths of Africa


title: Oxford Main Street Historic District

text:
The Oxford Main Street Historic District is a national historic district encompassing the historic center of Oxford, Massachusetts.  The  district extends along Main Street from Huguenot Street in the south to Front Street in the north.  Its oldest buildings are residential houses built in the late 19th century, while most of the properties were built in the 19th century, with Greek Revival architecture predominating.  The oldest commercial building, the John Wetherell Store, was built c. 1817, and now houses offices.  The district includes four churches, including the 1793 Universalist church and 1829 First Congregational Church, and a number of municipal buildings, including the town hall, two schools, and the 1903 Classical Revival Charles Larned Memorial Library.

The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2011.

See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Worcester County, Massachusetts

References

Historic districts in Worcester County, Massachusetts
National Register of Historic Places in Worcester County, Massachusetts
Oxford, Massachusetts
Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Massachusetts


title: Harrison Houde

text:
Harrison Houde (; born March 26, 1996) is a Canadian actor, producer, director, YouTuber, and musician. He is best known for his first acting role as Darren Walsh in the 2010 American film Diary of a Wimpy Kid and for his role as 'Bowie' in the sitcom Some Assembly Required. He has also composed original scores, which have aired on TV internationally, and is a synth-wave music producer under the alias Tokyo Rat.

Acting
He landed his first role in Diary of a Wimpy Kid in 2010.

He was nominated and won a Joey Award for his work in Some Assembly Required on November 16, 2014, in the category "Best Young Actor age 10-19 or younger in a TV Series Comedy/Action Leading Role." In 2015, Harrison was named one of [[The Hollywood Reporter|Hollywood Reporter]]'s young up-and-coming rising stars to watch from Canada.  The TV Show Finding Stuff Out, which Houde''' hosted, secured the Canadian Screen Award in 2016 for Best Children's or Youth Non-Fiction Program or Series.

Television
In early 2010, Houde began hosting a television show called Finding Stuff Out, produced by Apartment 11 Productions.

On January 6, 2014, he joined the cast of the Canadian sitcom Some Assembly Required'', which premiered on YTV and is on Netflix worldwide.

Houde's first short film 'I Dare You' made its debut at the 2016 festival de Canne with Telefilm Canada's Not Short on Talent program.

In 2017, Houde appeared in an episode of Rogue.

In 2018, he appeared on an episode of iZombie, The Hollow, and in the movie Summer of '84.

YouTube
As of November 2022, he has 22.3K subscribers.

In early 2013 he signed with the YouTube network the Collective Digital Studios based in Beverly Hills, California.

In early 2016 Harrison left his YouTube network (Collective Digital Studios now known as Studio71).

Filmography

Films

Televisions

References

External links

Canadian male film actors
Canadian male television actors
Living people
1996 births
Canadian male child actors
Canadian television hosts
21st-century Canadian male singers


title: New Jos Stadium

text:
Jos International Stadium is a multi-use stadium in Jos, Plateau, Nigeria. It is used mostly for football matches. The stadium has a capacity of 60,000 spectators.

It will be the home stadium of Plateau United.

References

Football venues in Nigeria
2018 establishments in Nigeria
Sports venues completed in 2018


title: 1977 Devon County Council election

text:
Elections to Devon County Council were held on Thursday, 5 May 1977.  The whole council of ninety-eight members was up for election and the result was that the Conservatives comfortably retained their control, winning eighty-five seats, a gain of twenty-eight, of which seventeen were from Labour and eight from the Liberals. Labour ended with only three county councillors, the Liberals with two, and eight Independents were elected, down from eleven.

Election result

|}

References

1977
Devon
1970s in Devon


title: Jorge Birkner Ketelhohn

text:
Jorge Francisco Birkner Ketelhohn (born 26 June 1990 in Buenos Aires, Argentina) is an alpine skier from Argentina. He will compete for Argentina at the 2014 Winter Olympics in all the alpine skiing events except the downhill.

Notes

References

External links

1990 births
Living people
Argentine male alpine skiers
Olympic alpine skiers for Argentina
Alpine skiers at the 2014 Winter Olympics
Skiers from Buenos Aires


title: Step Up For Students

text:
Step Up for Students is a 501(c)3 nonprofit in Florida providing low income students, bullied students and students with special needs with scholarships to help pay tuition for private school, assistance to attend an out of district public school, or for tutoring, textbooks or therapies. Step Up For Students was created as part of a merger between Florida's two largest scholarship organizations Florida P.R.I.D.E and Children First, which was founded by Tampa Bay businessman John Kirtley. Kirtley had founded a previous scholarship organization, Children's Scholarship Fund of Tampa Bay in 1998 and received more than 15,000 applications for 750 available scholarships. The large demand led Kirtley to help push for the creation of the Florida Tax Credit Scholarship, which was signed into law in 2001. That scholarship program allows donors to receive dollar for dollar tax credits for contributions to nonprofits offering scholarships to low-income students in Florida. The scholarship was capped at $50 million for the 2002-03 school year and scholarships were awarded to 15,585 students.

Step Up raised $618 million in 2019, making it the 21st largest nonprofit corporation in the U.S. according to Forbes. Step Up awarded scholarships to more than 150,000 students in 2020-21 through five scholarship programs and has awarded more than one million scholarships in total.

Scholarship Programs
Step Up For Students is one of two nonprofits administering school choice scholarship programs in Florida. Step Up manages five scholarship programs, awarding approximately 99 percent of the scholarships in the state. As a "Scholarship Funding Organization" in Florida, Step Up must undergo audits and must be approved by the State Board of Education annually.

The Florida Tax Credit Scholarship

The Florida Tax Credit Scholarship (FTC) program was initiated by former Florida governor Jeb Bush in 2001 and began offering scholarships in 2002. The program is intended to offer low-income students scholarships to attend private schools through school choice. The program is funded through private corporate donations. Donors receive a 100% tax credit for the contribution. Step Up is allowed to keep 3 percent administrative allowance and must give away at least 80 percent of the scholarship donations each year.

Private school scholarships average about $7,000. Transportation scholarships to attend out-of-district public schools are $750. The program is currently capped at $873 million in donations. New eligible students must live in a household with an income that does not exceed 260 percent of the Federal poverty level.

On August 28, 2014, the Florida Education Association, Florida School Boards Association, Florida Congress of Parents and Teachers, Florida Association of School Administrators, League of Women Voters of Florida, Florida State Conference of Branches of NAACP and the Americans United for Separation of Church and State sued the state of Florida, challenging that the scholarship program violated two provisions of the state constitution. The lawsuit was dismissed twice for lack of standing since the scholarship program was funded by private donations. In January 2017, Martin Luther King III joined more than 10,000 parents, students and teachers in a march on the state capital to ask the state teacher's union to drop the lawsuit. On January 18, 2017, the Supreme Court Justices of Florida voted 4-1 to decline jurisdiction over the lawsuit and the case was dismissed.

The Gardiner Scholarship

The Gardiner Scholarship program is an "education savings account" program for children with special needs. The program was passed in 2014 with a budget of $18 million. Today it serves more than 16,000 students with a budget of more than $180 million. The scholarship program allows children with certain disabilities to have access to special accounts that can be used to pay for private school tuition, fees, textbooks, curriculum, tutoring, therapies, educational technologies and more. Unspent money rolls over from year to year and can be saved for college. The money returns to the state if the student returns to public school full-time, moves out of the state, or has been a non full-time student for three years.

In the summer of 2014, the Florida Education Association sued the state over how the scholarship program passed into law. The lawsuit was dismissed by a trial court judge and the union did not appeal.

The Hope Scholarship
Step Up manages the Hope Scholarship for victims of bullying, harassment, assault, sexual harassment, and sexual assault. Step Up raises funds through tax credits, worth up to $105, for persons purchasing new or used automobiles in Florida. Scholarships average about $7,000 to attend private schools and $750 to attend an out-of-district public school.

The Reading Scholarship
Step Up processes applications and manages accounts for Florida's Reading Scholarship program. That scholarship offers parents $500 to be spent on tutoring, text books, summer school programs and more related to improving reading and literacy skills of their children. Students must be in grades 3rd through 5th and have scored a "1" or "2" on their most recent Florida Standards Assessment exam, or attended a school that was listed in the bottom 300 public schools in the 2018-19 school year or received a grade of "D" or "F" in the 2018-19 school year.

The Family Empowerment Scholarship

The Family Empowerment Scholarship is a voucher program funded by the Florida state legislature. Step Up is contracted with the Florida Department of Education to process applications for new students. Newly eligible students must have attended a public school in the prior year and live in a household with an income that does not exceed 300 percent of the Federal poverty level ($77,250 for a family of four in 2019-20).

See also

 School choice in Florida

References

External links
Step Up for Students website

Non-profit organizations based in Florida
Education in Florida


title: Palafoxia riograndensis

text:
Palafoxia riograndensis, the Rio Grande palafox or Rio Grande Spanish needles, is a plant species native to Texas, Chihuahua and Coahuila. It is named for the Rio Grande which separates Texas from Mexico. The plant grows in sandy and silty soils at elevations of .

Palafoxia riograndensis is an annual herb up to  tall. Flowering heads have no ray flowers but 8-25 pink, purple or white disc flowers.

References

riograndensis
Flora of Coahuila
Flora of Texas
Flora of Chihuahua (state)


title: Teatro Apolo (Madrid)

text:
Teatro Apolo is a defunct theatre in Madrid, Spain. It was located on Calle de Alcalá, at the site which is now number 45. Previously, the site was occupied by the Convento de San Hermenegildo, which was sold off in 1836 and demolished in 1870. Theatre construction occurred between 1871 and 1873, with a design by the French architects P. Chauderlot and F. Festau. It had a capacity of 2,500 people.
The theatre opened on 23 March 1873 and featured the company of actor Manuel Catalina. A comedy playhouse, it went through difficult times in its early days due to its relative distance from the then city center and the high ticket price. The Apolo and the Felipe theatres were the most important venues for the género chico, a phenomenon which debuted in Madrid and featured one-act performances. The Apolo closed its doors on 30 June 1929 after it was purchased by Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria, which demolished the theatre in order to construct its Madrid headquarters. The site now contains a building which houses the Department of Finance and Administration of the City of Madrid. The Apolo's owners went on to build the Teatro Nuevo Apolo.

References

Commercial buildings completed in 1873
Event venues established in 1873
Former theatres in Madrid
Calle de Alcalá
Demolished buildings and structures in Madrid
Buildings and structures demolished in 1929


title: Tōru Mori

text:
was a Japanese professional baseball player.

Born in Manchuria, he was brought up in Hakodate, Hokkaido, but later moved to Tokyo. He started his baseball career playing for the Waseda University team, before turning professional by joining the Chunichi Dragons.

Personal life
His son, Takeshi Mori, is an anime director, and his daughter, Iku Mori, is a jazz singer.

He died on 6 February 2014 from hepatocellular carcinoma, aged 78.

References

External links

1935 births
2014 deaths
Deaths from cancer in Japan
Waseda University alumni
Japanese baseball players
Chunichi Dragons players
Taiyō Whales players
Tokyo Orions players
Baseball announcers
Japanese people from Manchukuo
People from Hakodate
Baseball people from Hokkaido


title: Preachers of L.A.

text:
Preachers of L.A. is an American reality television series that premiered October 9, 2013, on Oxygen. Preachers of L.A. chronicles the lives of three bishops and three pastors from their work within the church to their personal lives at home. The preachers are adherents of prosperity theology, an offshoot of Pentecostalism. The series also encompasses the spouses of the men.

In January 2014, Oxygen renewed the series for a second season with the original cast returning. It was announced that a spin-off titled Preachers of Detroit would debut on Oxygen in late 2015, with potential spin-offs in New York City, Atlanta and Dallas.

Cast
Pastor Wayne Chaney Jr.
Pastor Deitrick Haddon
Pastor Jay Haizlip is a professional skateboarder, pastor, and reality television personality. He is married to Christy Haizlip, and the couple have two sons and a daughter together. The couple are featured on the Oxygen reality television series Preachers of L.A. Haizlip was a drug user in his earlier years, but is now a pastor at The Sanctuary, a megachurch located in Costa Mesa, California.
Bishop Ron Gibson
Bishop Noel Jones
Bishop Clarence McClendon

Episodes

Series overview

Season 1 (2013)

Season 2 (2014)

References

2010s American reality television series
2013 American television series debuts
English-language television shows
African-American reality television series
Oxygen (TV channel) original programming
Television shows set in Los Angeles


title: Jari Jari language

text:
Jari Jari language, sometimes spelled Yati Yati, Yerreyerre or other variants, may refer to:

 Wadi Wadi, an extinct Australian language once spoken in New South Wales
 Keramin language, an extinct Australian language once spoken in New South Wales


title: 1977 Dorset County Council election

text:
Elections to Dorset County Council were held on Thursday, 5 May 1977.  The whole council of 91 members was up for election and the result was that the Conservatives comfortably retained their control, winning seventy-nine seats, a gain of 19, of which nine were from Labour and seven from the Liberals. Labour, the Liberals, and the Independents ended with only four county councillors each.

Results

|}

Election result by division

Bournemouth (25 seats)

Christchurch (6 seats)

East Dorset (9 seats)

North Dorset (7 seats)

Poole (17 seats)

Purbeck (6 seats)

West Dorset (12 seats)

Weymouth and Portland (9 seats)

References

1977
Dorset
1970s in Dorset


title: Max Liebman

text:
Max Liebman (August 2, 1902 – July 21, 1981) was a Broadway theater and TV producer-director sometimes called the "Ziegfeld of TV", who helped establish early television's comedy vocabulary with Your Show of Shows. He additionally helped bring improvisational comedy into the mainstream with his 1961 Broadway revue From the Second City.

Biography
Max Liebman was born in Vienna, Austria, and emigrated to the United States during childhood. He attended Boys High School in Brooklyn, New York City. where his extracurricular activities included the debating society and school theater, including shows with classmate Arthur Schwartz, the future Broadway composer. In 1920, Liebman entered vaudeville as a comedy sketch-writer, and in 1924 or 1925 became social director at Camp Log Cabin or the Log Tavern in Pennsylvania. In 1932 or 1933 he was named theater director at Tamiment, a Pocono Mountains resort, where he would remain for 15 years.

Concurrently, he made his Broadway debut as a sketch writer, alongside others including The Little King comic-strip cartoonist Otto Soglow, of the musical revue The Illustrators' Show. It ran five performances, from January 22–25, 1936, at the 48th Street Theatre. Undaunted by the short run, he went on to co-write, with Allen Boretz, the comedy play Off to Buffalo, featuring Hume Cronyn. This ran seven performances beginning February 21, 1939, at the Ethel Barrymore Theatre.

Back at the Tamiment Playhouse, Liebman recalled, "I was doing all the writing myself" until 1938, when he began working with Sylvia Fine. Fine introduced Liebman to her future husband, comedian Danny Kaye, whose talent Liebman immediately realized. He placed Kaye and comedian Imogene Coca in a Tamiment musical, The Straw Hat Revue, which moved to Broadway's Ambassador Theatre on September 29, 1939, where it ran 75 performances through December 2. Liebman wrote the musical's book and is credited directorially under  "staging". The cast included Coca, Kaye and Jerome Robbins. In 1948, he directed the sketches for the revue, Make Mine Manhattan, starring Sid Caesar in his Broadway debut and later the star of Liebman's, "Your Show of Shows."  Liebman also introduced to Broadway such Poconos performers as Betty Garrett and Jules Munshin, and the choreographer Lee Sherman, with whom he worked on "Make Mine Manhattan."

References

External links
Max Liebman papers, 1903–1981, held by the Billy Rose Theatre Division, New York Public Library for the Performing Arts

1902 births
1981 deaths
Television producers from New York City
Emigrants from Austria-Hungary to the United States
Boys High School (Brooklyn) alumni


title: Parapaar

text:
Parapaar  () is a 2014 film   directed by Sanjoy Nag is based on the Moti Nandy novel. A convict, Rudra (Ahmed Rubel), who returns home to his wife (Rituparna Sengupta) and two kids after serving a 14-year jail term. He comes back to find his home-maker wife transformed into a woman who had grown stronger over the years while fending for herself and her kids. The film also stars Paoli Dam and Bratya Basu.
A 'tribute promo' was launched on 31 August 2014 to commemorate the birth anniversary of Rituparno Ghosh.

Cast
Ahmed Rubel as Rudra
Dr. Ejajul Islam
Rituparna Sengupta as Damini
Paoli Dam  as Urmila
Bratya Basu as Gopal

Crew
Cinematography - Indranil Mukherjee
Editor - Sanjib Datta
Sound Recordist - Gautam Nag
Sound Re-recordist - Anirban Sengupta  Dipankar Jojo Chaki
Production Designer - Sushanta Paul
Assistant Directors - Subroto Ghosh, Mrityunjay Pramanik, Monalisa Giri, Debanjana Roy

Music
Composers - Sourendra and Soumyojit
Lyricist - Srijato
Singers - Asha Bhonsle ,  Papon Subhomita Kaushiki Chakrabarty Ashtam Mandal

References

External links

2014 films
Bengali-language Indian films
2010s Bengali-language films


title: Stanislav Benyov

text:
Stanislav Benyov () (born 19 April 1991) is a Bulgarian luger. He competed at the 2014 Winter Olympics.

References

External links

1991 births
Living people
Bulgarian male lugers
Lugers at the 2014 Winter Olympics
Olympic lugers for Bulgaria


title: Kristaps Mauriņš

text:
Kristaps Mauriņš (born 5 May 1991 in Cēsis) is a Latvian luger. He competed at the 2014 Winter Olympics, where he placed 21st in the men's singles event.

References

External links

1991 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Cēsis
Latvian male lugers
Lugers at the 2014 Winter Olympics
Olympic lugers for Latvia


title: Emanuel Rieder

text:
Emanuel Rieder (born 1 October 1993) is an Italian luger. He competed in the Men's singles luge event at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, placing 19th.

References

External links

1993 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Brixen
Italian lugers
Italian male lugers
Lugers at the 2014 Winter Olympics
Lugers at the 2018 Winter Olympics
Lugers at the 2022 Winter Olympics
Olympic lugers for Italy


title: Albert of Cashel

text:
Albert of Cashel was an eighth century saint and Patron of Cashel, Ireland.

Life
Traditionally held to be an Englishman who worked in Ireland and then Bavaria, Albert went to Jerusalem and died in Regensburg on his return journey.

He was an evangelist working mainly around the city of Cashel, and may have been a bishop there. In a legendary 12th century biography he is called natione Anglus, conversatione Angelicus - “by race an Angle, in manners an angel". He continued his work as an Evangelist in Bavaria with Saint Erhard of Regensburg and is reported to have suffered from arthritis in his back and hips.

He made a pilgrimage to Jerusalem, with Erhard of Regensburg. He traveled to Jerusalem but died in 800 AD at Regensburg on the return journey. Albert's grave is in Niedermünster in Regensburg and he was canonized 19 June 1902 by Pope Leo XIII.

Controversy
His existence has been questioned by some, others question his role as Archbishop of Cashel, stating that this diocese did not exist until 1118 AD.

See also
 Rock of Cashel
 Archbishop of Cashel
 Cashel, Ireland
 Regensburg
 Scots Monastery, Regensburg

Literature
 Stefan Weber: Die Konstruktion eines fabulösen »irischen« Heiligenlebens? Der heilige Albert, Regensburg und die Iren, in: Irische Mönche in Süddeutschland. Literarisches und kulturelles Wirken der Iren im Mittelalter, ed. D. Walz/J. Kaffanke (Lateinische Literatur im deutschen Südwesten 2), Heidelberg 2009, p. 229-304.

References

Medieval English saints
8th-century Irish bishops
8th-century Christian saints
Canonizations by Pope Leo XIII
Year of birth unknown
800 deaths
People from Cashel, County Tipperary


title: Plectorrhiza erecta

text:
Plectorrhiza erecta , commonly known as the upright tangle orchid, is an epiphytic or lithophytic orchid that has many coarse, cord-like roots, many bright green leaves and up to five yellowish orange, cup-shaped flowers with purplish blotches. It grows close to the ground on fibrous barked plants and only occurs on Lord Howe Island.

Description
Plectorrhiza erecta is an erect epiphytic or lithophytic herb with many long, tangled, cord-like aerial roots at the base of a stem  long. There are many bright green, more or less fleshy, leathery, narrow egg-shaped to oblong leaves  long and  wide. Between two and five yellowish orange flowers with purplish brown blotches,  long and  wide are borne on a flowering stem  long. The sepals and petals are fleshy,  long, about  wide and curved inwards. The labellum is white to cream-coloured, about  long,  wide with hairy side lobes and a blunt middle lobe. The middle lobe has a straight spur about  long and the column is purple. Flowering occurs from October to December.

Taxonomy and naming
The upright tangle orchid was first described in 1878 by Robert D. FitzGerald who gave it the name Cleisostoma erectum and published the description in his book Australian Orchids. In 1967 Alick Dockrill changed the name to Plectorrhiza erecta. The specific epithet (erecta) is a Latin word meaning "upright".

Distribution and habitat
Plectorrhiza erecta grows near the ground on the fibrous bark of trees and shrubs with its roots spreading over the bark, leaf litter and nearby rocks. It is found near the coast and at altitudes of up to  on Lord Howe Island.

References

Aeridinae
Epiphytic orchids
Endemic orchids of Australia
Endemic flora of Lord Howe Island
Plants described in 1878
Taxa named by Robert D. FitzGerald


title: Makarrwanhalmirr

text:
The Makarrwanhalmirr (Mugarganalmiri) are an indigenous Australian clan-people of the Northern Territory. They are not registered as a separate tribe in Norman Tindale's classic 1974 survey.

Language
The Makarrwanhalmirr are a Dhuwala clan of the Yirritja moiety.

People
According to the website of the Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies, the Makarrwanhalmirr are a clan of the Yirritja moiety of the Yolngu.

Notes

Citations

Sources

Aboriginal peoples of the Northern Territory


title: Andriy Mandziy

text:
Andriy Vasylyovych Mandziy (; born 19 February 1988 in Kremenets, Ternopil Oblast, Ukraine) is a Ukrainian luger. He competed at the 2014 and 2018 Winter Olympics.

Career
Mandziy's first World Cup season was the 2008–09 season. He finished in his first World Cup race 46th in Igls, Austria. As of February 2022, Madziy's best personal World Cup finish was 14th during the 2020–21 season in the men's singles event held in Winterberg, Germany.

At the 2014 Winter Olympics, he was 31st in the men's singles event.

On December 27, 2017, Mandziy qualified for the 2018 Winter Olympics. At the Olympics, he was 40th in the singles' race due to losing control over his luge during the first race.

In 2022, Andriy Mandziy was nominated for his third Winter Games in Beijing.

Personal life
Andriy Mandziy graduated from Lviv State University of Physical Culture. He works as a sports instructor. His hobbies are music and sports.

Career results

Winter Olympics

World Championships

European Championships

Luge World Cup

Rankings

References

External links

1988 births
Living people
People from Kremenets
Ukrainian male lugers
Lugers at the 2014 Winter Olympics
Lugers at the 2018 Winter Olympics
Lugers at the 2022 Winter Olympics
Olympic lugers for Ukraine
Sportspeople from Ternopil Oblast


title: Amata dilateralis

text:
Amata dilateralis is a moth of the family Erebidae. It was described by George Hampson in 1898. It is found in Tanzania.

References

Endemic fauna of Tanzania
dilateralis
Moths described in 1898
Moths of Africa


title: Amata discata

text:
Amata discata is a moth of the family Erebidae. It was described by Herbert Druce in 1898. It is found in Tanzania.

References

Endemic fauna of Tanzania
discata
Moths described in 1898
Moths of Africa


title: Marissa Academy

text:
The Marissa Academy is a historic school building located at 610 S. Main St. in Marissa, Illinois. The building was built in 1891 for the Marissa Academy, a college preparatory academy which had graduated its first class two years prior. The private school was the first college preparatory school in the area. Graduating students at the academy could enroll at Monmouth College without taking a qualifying examination under a special arrangement. In 1900, the academy closed after a public high school opened in Marissa. The building has since been used as a meeting hall for community groups and as additional space for Marissa's elementary school. It is now the headquarters of the Marissa Historical and Genealogical Society.

The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on October 28, 1994.

There was a devastating fire on January 15, 2015, which destroyed most of the building and damaged much of the historical artifacts inside.    The historical and genealogical society have set up shop in the old dollar store in Marissa.  As yet they don't have all salvaged items (books, files) back from Smoke Services, but all of the newspaper microfilm and a new reader printer on which to view it are at the new facility.

References

School buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Illinois
Queen Anne architecture in Illinois
School buildings completed in 1891
Buildings and structures in St. Clair County, Illinois
National Register of Historic Places in St. Clair County, Illinois


title: Amata dissimilis

text:
Amata dissimilis is a moth of the family Erebidae. It was described by George Thomas Bethune-Baker in 1911. It is found in Kenya.

References

 Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

Endemic moths of Kenya
dissimilis
Moths described in 1911
Moths of Africa


title: Amata endocrocis

text:
Amata endocrocis is a moth of the family Erebidae. It was described by George Hampson in 1903. It is found in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, South Africa and Zimbabwe.

References

Endocro
Moths of Africa
Moths described in 1903


title: Semen Pavlichenko

text:
Semen Aleksandrovich Pavlichenko (; born 11 May 1991) is a Russian luger. He competed at the 2014 Winter Olympics

World Cup podiums

Season titles
 1 titles – (1 singles)

Personal life
At the beginning of Russia's invasion of Ukraine in late February and early march 2022, Pavlichenko participated in spreading lies and Russian propaganda on social media to justify the illegal war.

References

External links

1991 births
Living people
People from Bratsk
Russian male lugers
Lugers at the 2014 Winter Olympics
Lugers at the 2018 Winter Olympics
Lugers at the 2022 Winter Olympics
Olympic lugers for Russia
Sportspeople from Irkutsk Oblast


title: Amata flavoanalis

text:
Amata flavoanalis is a moth of the  family Erebidae. It was described by Seitz in 1926. It is found in Cameroon.

References

 Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

Endemic fauna of Cameroon
flavoanalis
Moths described in 1926
Moths of Africa


title: Amata francisca

text:
Amata francisca is a moth of the family Erebidae. It was described by Arthur Gardiner Butler in 1876. It is found in the Republic of the Congo, Mozambique and Sierra Leone.

References

 Arctiidae genus list at Butterflies and Moths of the World of the Natural History Museum

francisca
Moths described in 1876
Moths of Sub-Saharan Africa


title: Amata goodii

text:
Amata goodii is a moth of the family Erebidae. It was described by William Jacob Holland in 1893. It is found in Republic of the Congo and Gabon.

References

goodii
Moths described in 1893
Moths of Africa


title: Amata hellei

text:
Amata hellei is a moth of the family Erebidae. It was described by Romieux in 1935. It is found in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

References

 Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

hellei
Moths described in 1935
Moths of Africa
Endemic fauna of the Democratic Republic of the Congo


title: Aleksander Peretyagin

text:
Aleksander Peretyagin (Александр Перетягин; born 2 February 1992 in Bratsk) is a Russian luger, lives in Chusovoy. He competed at the 2014 Winter Olympics

References

External links

1992 births
Living people
Russian male lugers
Olympic lugers for Russia
Lugers at the 2014 Winter Olympics
People from Chusovoy
Sportspeople from Perm Krai


title: Amata hemiphoenica

text:
Amata hemiphoenica is a moth of the family Erebidae. It was described by George Hampson in 1910. It is found in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

References

hemiphoenica
Moths described in 1910
Moths of Africa
Endemic fauna of the Democratic Republic of the Congo


title: Amata hypomela

text:
Amata hypomela is a moth of the family Erebidae. It was described by Sergius G. Kiriakoff in 1954. It is found in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

References

hypomela
Moths described in 1954
Moths of Africa
Endemic fauna of the Democratic Republic of the Congo


title: 1992–93 NK Rijeka season

text:
The 1992–93 season was the 47th season in Rijeka's history. It was their 2nd season in the Prva HNL and 19th successive top tier season.

Competitions

Prva HNL

Classification

Results summary

Results by round

Matches

Prva HNL

Source: HRnogomet.com

Croatian Cup

Source: HRnogomet.com

Squad statistics
Competitive matches only.  Appearances in brackets indicate numbers of times the player came on as a substitute.

See also
1992–93 Prva HNL
1992–93 Croatian Cup

References

External links
 1992–93 Prva HNL at HRnogomet.com
 1992–93 Croatian Cup at HRnogomet.com
 Prvenstvo 1992.-93. at nk-rijeka.hr

HNK Rijeka seasons
Rijeka


title: Amata interniplaga

text:
Amata interniplaga is a moth of the family Erebidae. It was described by Paul Mabille in 1890. It is found in the Republic of the Congo, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Gabon and Nigeria.

References

Intern
Moths of Africa
Moths described in 1890


title: Amata jacksoni

text:
Amata jacksoni is a moth of the family Erebidae. It was described by Rothschild in 1910. It is found in the Democratic Republic of Congo and Uganda.

References

 Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

jacksoni
Moths of Africa
Taxa named by Walter Rothschild
Moths described in 1910


title: Popeștii

text:
Popeștii may refer to:

Popeştii de Jos, a commune in Drochia District, Moldova
Popeştii de Sus, a commune in Drochia District, Moldova
Popeştii Noi, a village in Petreni Commune, Drochia District, Moldova
Popeștii de Jos and Popeștii de Sus, villages in Vadu Moților Commune, Alba County, Romania


title: Amata janenschi

text:
Amata janenschi is a moth of the family Erebidae. It was described by Seitz in 1926. It is found in Tanzania.

References

 Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

Endemic fauna of Tanzania
Janen
Moths of Africa
Moths described in 1926


title: Amata johanna

text:
Amata johanna is a moth of the family Erebidae. It was described by Arthur Gardiner Butler in 1876. It is found in Nigeria and South Africa.

References

 Arctiidae genus list at Butterflies and Moths of the World of the Natural History Museum

Johann
Moths of Africa
Moths described in 1876


title: Kim Dong-hyeon (luger)

text:
Kim Dong-hyeon (born 24 September 1991) is a South Korean luger. He competed at the 2014 Winter Olympics

References

External links

1991 births
Living people
South Korean male lugers
Lugers at the 2014 Winter Olympics
Olympic lugers for South Korea


title: Amata kenredi

text:
Amata kenredi is a moth of the family Erebidae. It was described by Rothschild in 1910. It is found in the Democratic Republic of Congo and Uganda.

References

 Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

kenredi
Moths described in 1910
Moths of Africa


title: Hidenari Kanayama

text:
is a Japanese luger. He competed at the 2014 Winter Olympics. He became interested in sliding sports during elementary school after seeing skeleton racer Kazuhiro Koshi on television.

References

External links

1990 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Sapporo
Japanese male lugers
Lugers at the 2014 Winter Olympics
Olympic lugers for Japan
21st-century Japanese people


title: Penstemon tenuiflorus

text:
Penstemon tenuiflorus, commonly known as eastern whiteflower beardtongue, is a species of flowering plant in the plantain family. It is native only to a small area of the Southeastern United States, in the southern Interior Low Plateau and Black Belt of Alabama and Mississippi. Its preferred habitat is limestone glades and woodlands.

References

tenuiflorus
Flora of the Southeastern United States
Flora without expected TNC conservation status


title: Coulombmeter

text:
A Coulombmeter is a tool for measuring the electrostatic charge of a material.  A Coulombmeter is used in combination with a Faraday cup or a metal probe
for taking charge measures of a material.

A Nanocoulombmeter is a Coulombmeter that is capable of measuring electrostatic charge down to the accuracy of  a fraction of a nanocoulomb (nC).

Electrostatic charge on an object can be measured by placing it into the Faraday
Cup. The charge is transferred to the cup and displayed on the meter's display.
The Faraday Cup of the Coulombmeter has an outer, grounded metal shield that
surrounds an inner electrode.  The inner electrode, which is electrically isolated
from the shield, is connected to a meter to measure the charge.

In the field of semiconductor design, a coulombmeter consists of a meter used in combination
with a metal probe tip to pinpoint locations of excess charge on, for instance a semiconductor device.  This application of a coulombmeter is useful because electrostatic discharge is a leading cause of failure in semiconductor chip designs, and may occur during the fabrication, inspection, assembly, and other processes.  A coulombmeter allow this electrostatic buildup to
be easily measured simply by applying the instrument's probe to its lead.

The coulombmeter was devised in 1984 for the Revised Nuffield Advanced Physics course.

Note: coulombmeter is typically written as a single word in order to avoid confusion with the measurement unit 'coulombs-meter' and also to make it easily searchable in scientific literature.

Detection of electron and ion beams

A nanocoulombmeter, in combination with a Faraday cup, can be used to detect and measure the beams emitted from electron guns and ion guns.

The Faraday cup consists of a shielded cup with an aperture, which collects the kinetically active electrons or ions, and an output wire, which is connected to a nanocoulombmeter. The Faraday cup can be completely separate from the gun, or it can be part of an assembly mounted to the end of the electron/ion gun and manipulated remotely.  Some Faraday cup assemblies include a phosphor screen as well.  An array of small Faraday cups or a Faraday cup on mounted on a linear manipulator can be used to measure the distribution of the beam current across the spot; this shows the beam uniformity.

References

Electrostatics
Electronic test equipment
Electrical test equipment
Electrical meters
Electronics work tools


title: Lowell Holden Parker

text:
Lowell Holden Parker was an American attorney, banker and manufacturer from Beloit, Wisconsin who served a single term as a Republican member of the Wisconsin State Assembly in 1899. His father, Charles H. Parker, had held the same Assembly seat, first as a Republican, but later as a Greenback.

Born in Belvidere, Illinois, on November 30, 1848, Parker went to Beloit College and then graduated from the University of Michigan in 1875. He practiced law in Beloit, Wisconsin. Park served on the Beloit School Board. He was involved with manufacturing of harvesters and binders. He was also in the banking business. Parker died on December 12, 1937, in San Francisco, California at age 89.

References

American bankers
Businesspeople from Wisconsin
People from Belvidere, Illinois
Politicians from Beloit, Wisconsin
Beloit College alumni
University of Michigan alumni
Businesspeople from Michigan
Wisconsin lawyers
School board members in Wisconsin
1848 births
1937 deaths
Republican Party members of the Wisconsin State Assembly


title: Teatro Nuevo Apolo

text:
Teatro Nuevo Apolo ("New Apolo Theatre"; al, Teatro Progreso and Cine Progreso) is an entertainment venue in Madrid, Spain.  It is located in the Plaza de Tirso de Molina. The owners of the Teatro Apolo that existed on calle de Alcalá  until its closure in 1929 decided to build a new venue, initially named Teatro Progreso, in the Plaza del Progreso (now Plaza de Tirso de Molina). The theatre opened on December 10, 1932 with the zarzuela, La verbena de la Paloma. It was converted to a film venue, the Cine Progreso, before its rededication to theatrical exhibitions and music entertainment of various genres, as well as dance and comedy.

References

External links
 Official website Teatro Nuevo Apolo

Theatres in Madrid
Event venues established in 1932
Buildings and structures in Embajadores neighborhood, Madrid


title: Timothy Farrar Jr.

text:
Timothy Farrar Jr. (March 17, 1788 – October 27, 1874) was an American lawyer and politician who served as a judge in New Hampshire and as a member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives.

Early life
Farrar was born on March 17, 1788, in New Ipswich, New Hampshire. Farrar was the son of Chief Justice Timothy Farrar of the New Hampshire Court of Common Pleas.

Education
Farrar graduated from Phillips Academy in Andover, Massachusetts, and from Dartmouth College in 1807. Farrar read law and clerked in the office of Daniel Webster. Farrar was admitted to the New Hampshire bar at Rockingham County, New Hampshire, in 1810.

Law practice
Farrar practiced law in New Ipswich from 1810 until 1813. Farrar entered into a law partnership with Daniel Webster in Portsmouth, New Hampshire, on March 24, 1813. After Webster moved to Boston in 1816, Farrar continued to practice law in Portsmouth. In 1822 Farrar moved to Hanover, New Hampshire, where he practiced law and worked as the secretary, treasurer and librarian of Dartmouth College.

Family life
Farrar married Sarah Adams in 1817.

Political offices
Farrar represented one of Boston's Suffolk County districts in the Massachusetts House of Representatives in 1854.

Judicial career
Farrar was appointed as a judge of the New Hampshire Court of Common Pleas in 1824. Farrar remained a judge until that court was dissolved in 1833.

Death
Farrar died in Boston on October 27, 1874.

References

1788 births
Phillips Academy alumni
Dartmouth College alumni
Members of the Massachusetts House of Representatives
Politicians from Boston
New Hampshire lawyers
Politicians from Portsmouth, New Hampshire
1874 deaths
Lawyers from Boston
19th-century American politicians
19th-century American lawyers


title: 2014 Open BNP Paribas Banque de Bretagne – Doubles

text:
Johan Brunström and Raven Klaasen were the defending champions but decided not to participate.

Herbert and Olivetti won the title, defeating Toni Androić and Nikola Mektić in the final, 6–4, 6–3.

Seeds

Draw

Draw

References
 Main Draw

Open BNP Paribas Banque de Bretagne - Doubles
2014 Doubles


title: Estonian Argentines

text:
Estonian Argentines () are Argentine citizens of Estonian descent or Estonia-born people who emigrated to Argentina. Argentina is home to the fourth largest Estonian community in the Americas, behind the United States, Canada and Brazil.

Estonian immigration to Argentina began in the early twentieth century and continued after the Second World War. Despite not having arrived in large numbers as other nationalities, the Estonian presence was important, settling mainly in Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires Province and elsewhere within their new country.

History

Estonians have a significant diaspora, especially created after the Second World War. There are approximately 1,100,000 Estonians in the world, of which 930,000 live in Estonia representing 85% of the total, the remaining 15% is distributed primarily in Finland, the United States, Canada, Sweden, and Russia.

There are organised groups of Estonians in more than 20 countries such as Argentina, Australia, Austria, Brazil, Canada, the United Kingdom, Finland, France, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, Russia, South Africa, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine and the United States.

Most Estonians and their descendants in Latin America are in Argentina (mainly in Buenos Aires) and Brazil (being São Paulo the main destination), where as small communities continue to operate. Many Estonians who immigrated to Brazil left this country to return home or to move to other places in North America (mainly the U.S.) and South America (mainly Argentina).

In 1924, Estonians founded "The Estonian Society of Argentina" (, ), i.e., much earlier than in other countries with a larger number of Estonians. At the end of the second decade of the 20th century there were about 3,000 Estonians in Argentina.

Today, about 1,500 Estonians reside in Argentina, who are mostly interested in the development of relations between Estonia and Argentina. In 2006, to meet the needs of Estonians living in Argentina, a consular mission was organised in Buenos Aires. During the mission, the consul of Estonia who resides in New York City held various consular services for local Estonians.

The Estonian community in Buenos Aires consists of about 50 families with Estonian roots. Members of the younger generations have only a small knowledge of the Estonian language due to the preference for the Spanish language as their mother tongue.

Religion

Lutheran Church
Estonians, like other immigrants from northern Europe (as the Germans, Danes, Norwegians, Swedes, Finns, Latvians, etc.) brought with them to Argentina their Lutheran religion.

The Estonian community led to the Evangelical Lutheran Congregation "The Reformation" () over 55 years ago. In the church, which belongs to the United Evangelical Lutheran Church in Argentina and Uruguay, masses were offered in Estonian language. In its 50th anniversary an exhibition of paintings, books and other items that evoke the Estonian cultural tradition was performed. The church is located in Olivos, Vicente López, meters from the presidential residence on 1100 Malaver Street. On October 13, 1970 a public worship was held in the Temple with the German Congregation; this marked the beginning of the Parish Community Centre of Olivos. The service was held in three languages: Estonian, German and Spanish. It was expected that the Spanish language was a factor of unity among the churches.

See also
Immigration to Argentina
Argentines of European descent
Finnish Argentine
Lithuanian Argentines

References

European Argentine

Argentina


title: Serbia–United Arab Emirates relations

text:
Serbian-Emirati relations are foreign relations between Serbia and the United Arab Emirates (UAE).  Serbia, as part of SFR Yugoslavia, established diplomatic relations with the United Arab Emirates in 1971. Serbia also has a commercial section in Dubai. The UAE are represented in Serbia by their embassy in Belgrade.

Emirati investments

Air Serbia, national flag carrier and largest airline of Serbia: On August 1, 2013, Jat Airways and Etihad Airways entered strategic partnership, and under the agreement, Etihad acquired a 49% stake and management rights for a period of five years, while the Serbian government retain the remaining 51% and hold five of nine monitoring committee seats in the company. Jat Airways was reorganized and renamed to Air Serbia in October 2013 and launched its first inaugural flight under its new name on October 26, 2013, from Belgrade to Abu Dhabi.
The Belgrade Waterfront project includes a 180 m tall skyscraper (the "Belgrade tower") and a big shopping mall to be built along the right side of the Sava river. 2,5 to 2,8 billion € are to be invested by the Serbian government and their Emirati partners.
In March 2014, Serbian financial minister Lazar Krstić announced that the Abu Dhabi Investment Authority has signed a low-interest loan agreement with Serbia worth 1 billion $. In 2013, the UAE have already granted a credit of 400 million $ to Serbia, which had difficulties to allocate European credits for its struggling financial situation. Substantial investments in Serbia's defense-related and semi-conductor industries set stage for large-scale international cooperations between the two countries.

See also
 Foreign relations of Serbia
 Foreign relations of the United Arab Emirates
 Kosovo–United Arab Emirates relations

References

External links

United Arab Emirates
Bilateral relations of the United Arab Emirates


title: Lucas Cândido

text:
Lucas Cândido Silva (born 25 December 1993) is a Brazilian footballer. Mainly a defensive midfielder, he can also play as a left-back in either side.

Honours
Atlético Mineiro
Copa Libertadores: 2013
Campeonato Mineiro: 2013, 2015, 2017
Copa do Brasil: 2014

References

External links
Atletico official profile

1993 births
Living people
Footballers from Minas Gerais
Brazilian men's footballers
Brazilian expatriate men's footballers
Brazil men's youth international footballers
Men's association football midfielders
Clube Atlético Mineiro players
Esporte Clube Vitória players
Associação Atlética Ponte Preta players
Al Dhafra FC players
UAE Pro League players
Campeonato Brasileiro Série A players
Campeonato Brasileiro Série B players
Brazilian expatriate sportspeople in the United Arab Emirates
Expatriate men's footballers in the United Arab Emirates
Sportspeople from Uberlândia


title: Delhi Open

text:
The Delhi Open (formerly known as ONGC–GAIL Delhi Open) is a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It is currently part of the ATP Challenger Tour and the ITF Women's Circuit. Since 2014, it has been held annually at the R.K. Khanna Tennis Complex in New Delhi, India.

Past finals

Men's singles

Men's doubles

Women's singles

Women's doubles

References

ATP Challenger Tour
ITF Women's World Tennis Tour
Hard court tennis tournaments
Tennis tournaments in India
Sport in New Delhi
Oil and Natural Gas Corporation
Recurring sporting events established in 2014


title: Mosler Red 82X

text:
The Mosler Red 82X is an experimental four cylinder, four stroke engine developed as a low cost replacement for older aircraft.

Design and development
A Red 82X was tested in April 1992 on a Luscombe 8A certified in the experimental-exhibition category.

Variants
Red 82X
Red 82DX
Dual ignition
Red 82LB
No ignition packaged

Specifications (Red 82X)

See also

References

1990s aircraft piston engines
Air-cooled aircraft piston engines


title: Pakistan at the 2004 South Asian Games

text:
Pakistan was the host nation for the second time when the 9th South Asian Games were held in its capital, Islamabad between 29 March and 7 April 2004. The country participated in all 15 sports. Its medal tally of 143 placed it second amongst the seven nations. Swimming was its most successful event, where it won 27 medals (13 silver, 14 bronze), though without any gold.  Athletics were a close second with 25 medals (5 gold, 8 silver, 12 bronze) and shooting third with 24 medals (2 gold, 14 silver, 8 bronze). It won the most golds in boxing with 9.

Athletes
 Athletics:
 Badminton:
 Boxing:
 Football:
 Kabbadi:
 Karate:
 Rowing:
 Shooting:
 Squash:
 Swimming:
 Table Tennis:
 Taekwondo:
 Volleyball:
 Weightlifting:
 Wrestling:

References

2004 South Asian Games
2004 in Pakistani sport
2004


title: ... And Some Were Human

text:
"...and some were human." is the first story collection by science fiction writer Lester del Rey, originally published in hardcover by Prime Press in 1948 in an edition of 3,050 copies if which 50 were specially bound, slipcased and signed by the author. The stories first appeared in Astounding and Unknown. An abridged paperback edition, including only eight of the twelve stories, was issued by Ballantine Books in 1961. A Spanish translation, reportedly dropping only one story, appeared in 1957.

Contents

 "Foreword"
 "Hereafter, Inc." (Unknown 1941)
 "The Day Is Done" (Astounding 1939)
 "Forsaking All Others" (Unknown 1939)
 "The Coppersmith"* (Unknown 1939)
 "The Luck of Ignatz" ( Astounding 1939)
 "The Faithful"* (Astounding 1938)
 "Dark Mission" (Astounding Jul 1940)
 "Helen O'Loy" (Astounding 1938)
 "The Stars Look Down"* (Astounding 1940)
 "The Renegade" (Astounding 1943)
 "The Wings of Night" (Astounding 1942)
 "Nerves"* (Astounding Sep 1942)

Stories marked with an asterisk* were omitted from the Ballantine paperback. "Helen O'Loy" was reportedly omitted from the Spanish translation.

Reception
Sam Moskowitz wrote that del Rey "displays enough understanding of the basic emotions of mankind to stand clearly apart from the herd in providing heart-warming entertainment." P. Schuyler Miller similarly noted that del Rey's characters "have a warmth about them which makes what happens to them the reader's serious concern . . . because they are people you'd like to know.", he also noted that the stories had been popular with readers when originally published, and "five to ten years later, they hold up equally well." Amazing Stories reviewer Morris Tish also reviewed the collection favorably, calling the selections "some of the best examples of [del Rey's] work. Alfred Bester, however, took a contrary view; reviewing the 1961 edition, he declared Del Rey's work "lacking in any comprehension of human or parahuman motives and behaviour. . . . [M]ood-writing demands a poetic insight and discipline beyond his ability; he is merely sentimental." E. F. Bleiler commented that the stories "were unusual in their day for using a sentimental approach that was sometimes very effective."

Publication history
1948, USA, Prime Press , Pub date 1948, Hardback
1957, Spain, Nebula, Pub date 1957, Paperback, as y algunos eran humanos, omits "Helen O’Loy"
1961, USA, Ballantine Books , Pub date 1961, Paperback, omits 4 stories

Further reading

References

1948 short story collections
Science fiction short story collections


title: Jemerson

text:
Jemerson de Jesus Nascimento (born 24 August 1992), known simply as Jemerson, is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Atlético Mineiro.

Club career
Born in Jeremoabo, Bahia, Jemerson only played as an amateur until 2009, signing for Confiança. He joined Atlético Mineiro's youth setup in the following year, after failed trials at Palmeiras, Santos and Vasco.

Atlético Mineiro
Jemerson made his senior debut in 2012, while on loan at Democrata, appearing in 12 matches. He subsequently returned to Galo in August and was promoted to the senior squad on a permanent basis in December.

Jemerson made his first team – and Série A – debut on 7 July 2013, starting and being booked in a 3–2 home win against Criciúma. A backup to Leonardo Silva and Réver, he only appeared in five matches during the campaign.

In 2014, Jemerson profited from Réver's serious ankle injury, and was a starter for the majority of the year.

Monaco
On 31 January 2016, Jemerson signed for Ligue 1 club Monaco on a five-year contract. He was a starter during the 2016–17 campaign, in which the team won the league and reached the semifinals of the UEFA Champions League. He left the club after terminating his contract on 2 November 2020.

Corinthians
On 5 November 2020, Jemerson returned to Brazil as he signed with Corinthians on an eight-month transfer.

Metz
On 8 October 2021, Jemerson signed for Ligue 1 side FC Metz until the end of the season. On 29 April 2022, his contract with Metz was terminated by mutual consent.

Return to Atlético Mineiro
On 20 June 2022, Atlético Mineiro announced the return of Jemerson to the club.

International career
Jemerson received his first international call-up for a 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification match against Peru on 17 November 2015.

He made his debut for the national team in a June 2017 friendly away against Australia, which Brazil won 4–0.

Career statistics

Club

International

Honours

Club
Atlético Mineiro
 Copa Libertadores: 2013
 Recopa Sudamericana: 2014
 Copa do Brasil: 2014
 Campeonato Mineiro: 2013, 2015, 2023

Monaco
 Ligue 1: 2016–17

Individual
Best Centre-back in Brazil: 2015
 Campeonato Brasileiro Série A Team of the Year: 2015

References

External links
 Atlético Mineiro profile

1992 births
Living people
Footballers from Bahia
Brazilian men's footballers
Brazil men's international footballers
Men's association football defenders
Clube Atlético Mineiro players
AS Monaco FC players
FC Metz players
Sport Club Corinthians Paulista players
Campeonato Brasileiro Série A players
Ligue 1 players
Championnat National 2 players
Brazilian expatriate men's footballers
Brazilian expatriate sportspeople in France
Brazilian expatriate sportspeople in Monaco
Expatriate men's footballers in France
Expatriate men's footballers in Monaco


title: Natingero language

text:
Natingero is an Aboriginal Australian language of Western Australia.  It has been listed as a dialect of Kalaamaya, but is only 40% lexically similar.

References

Nyungic languages


title: Tamiment

text:
Tamiment, first known as Camp Tamiment, was an American resort located in the  Pocono Mountains of Pike County, Pennsylvania, which existed from 1921 through 2005.

Originally established by the Rand School of Social Science in New York City as a Socialist camp and summer school, Tamiment developed into a regular resort and later fell under private ownership. The Tamiment Playhouse entertained guests with weekly revues and served as a training ground for many prominent Broadway and TV performers and writers.  Playhouse alumni have included Danny Kaye, Imogene Coca, Jerome Robbins, Carol Burnett, Woody Allen, Neil Simon, and many others. Tamiment was a popular resort for Jewish singles and has been referred to as "a progressive version of the Catskills" and "a pillar of the Poconos tourist industry."

The Tamiment golf course, designed by Robert Trent Jones, was ranked among the top 200 U. S. golf courses by Golf Digest magazine. The resort was liquidated in 2005 to make room for a residential condominium development.

History

Background
The Rand School of Social Science was a Socialist institution in New York City, founded in 1906 and governed by the American Socialist Society. The school enrolled five thousand students annually between 1910 and 1920 but often did not have enough capital to cover operating costs. The Lusk Committee, led by New York state senator Clayton Lusk, was investigating what it regarded as "subversive activities" and attempted to close the Rand School by injunction.

The school fought and won a costly two-year battle to remain open but, in 1920, its operating capital was at an all-time low. Bertha Mailly, executive secretary of the Rand School, held many fundraisers and was credited for keeping the school afloat. She conceived of the idea of establishing a summer school and camp that would generate enough revenue to support both itself and the Rand School.

In the summer of 1919 Mailly had visited Unity House in Bushkill, Pennsylvania, a resort operated by a local chapter of the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union (ILGWU). While she was there she learned that an adjoining 2,100 acre property was for sale, promptly made a deposit, and successfully raised the money to buy the land and establish a new camp. The facility was named Tamiment, an old Native American word for the area, and would be located less than one hundred miles from New York City.

Establishment and development
Camp Tamiment opened on June 21, 1921, and its first visitors were 65 members of Local Allentown, a Socialist party. The camp was designed "to diffuse a general knowledge of literature, art and science through the medium of lectures, publications, and dramatic performances." It earned an operating profit in its first year and became self-sustaining after 1923. Between 1937 and 1956, Camp Tamiment funded between half and three-quarters of the Rand School's annual operating budget.

In December 1922, Mailly referred to the camp as a "great aid and inspiration" for the Rand School.  She said, "It enabled us to give the young men and women the thing they need, the joy of living to which they are entitled.  They study with us.  We teach them how to think in the right direction and in their leisure hours, we prove to them that we know how to play."

Camp Tamiment was described as "...the first attempt of Socialists and working people to make for themselves a place for rest, recreation and vacationing." A corporation identified as the People's Educational Camp Society (PECS) was created for the purpose of operating the camp.

Author Martha LaMonaco wrote, "Legally, the camp had been established as a separate entity from the school, but the two organizations shared both a common political and social ideology and numerous board members."  The PECS board had envisioned Camp Tamiment as a country summer school, but Mailly and manager Ben Josephson chose to turn the facility into a regular resort. Political subjects were progressively downplayed while swimming, tennis, and calisthenics became the most popular activities.

Tamiment served as a destination for Jewish singles from the working and emerging middle class and would be referred to as "a progressive version of the Catskills..." The facility included a 90-acre lake and, in 1947, Tamiment opened an 18-hole golf course designed by Robert Trent Jones.

The golf course has been ranked among the top 200 U. S. courses by Golf Digest magazine and, beginning in 1959, it was the site of an annual golf tournament hosted by prominent entertainer Danny Kaye. Josephson described the Tamiment facility as "a summer resort that has attained top rank in the field, outranking by far many of the privately owned vacation places in both beauty and business."

The camp did not consider itself just a recreational enterprise as it had educational and cultural programs. All of the profits were reinvested in the camp or donated to charitable or educational institutions. These factors allowed Camp Tamiment to have tax-exempt status, which significantly contributed to its success.

Author Lawrence Squeri wrote, "Once Tamiment became a money-making resort, it also became a paradox.  Ostensibly an institution devoted to the undermining of capitalism, it sought to make money in the best capitalist tradition." In the 1950s, resort guests might not have been aware of Tamiment's political agenda as it was sponsoring seminars offsite in New York City.

Later years and dissolution
The government took notice of Tamiment's tax exemption and would later characterize it as "one of the largest, most modern, and most profitable resorts in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania."  In 1956 the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) revoked Tamiment's tax-exempt status, ruling that the People's Educational Camp Society's main business was running a summer resort for profit and that its social agenda was secondary. The camp decided to acquire the title to the Rand School's library, the Meyer London Memorial Library and Reading Room, in order to continue its tax exemption.  On March 29, 1956, the PECS acquired the title and full ownership of both the Rand School and its library.  (The PECS dissolved the Rand School while its library, renamed the Tamiment Institute Library, moved into the Bobst Library at New York University in 1973.)

After multiple court appeals, the PECS lost its case for tax-exemption, and in 1963 Tamiment's parent corporation had a tax bill of almost ninety thousand dollars. On September 18, 1963, Josephson recommended to the PECS board that the resort be sold, and on June 28, 1965, Camp Tamiment was acquired by a Delaware corporation in a multimillion-dollar deal.  Squeri wrote, "Once PECS lost the encumbrance of a commercial enterprise, it quickly regained its tax free status."  At the time of the sale, Tamiment was described as "one of the largest resort hotels in the country..." and included over 150 buildings, over 300 employees, a theater that could seat 1,000 people, and a dining room that could seat 1,200.

During the 1970s and 1980s, stars Joan Rivers, Frankie Valli, Gladys Knight and the Pips, Alan King, and Donny and Marie Osmond performed at Tamiment. Las Vegas entertainer Wayne Newton purchased the resort in 1982 for a reported $15 million and planned to make it the flagship property in a national chain of timeshare hotels. He sold Tamiment in 1987.  Lawrence Squeri wrote in 2002 that the facility "no longer has the New York liberal Jewish flavor that made it unique."

In March 2005 Tamiment owner Suong Hong sold the resort for $64 million to developers Greystone Capital Partners of Paoli, Pennsylvania. The firm started auctioning off Tamiment's contents on May 14 with the intention of demolishing the resort buildings. As of 2011, Greystone was planning to build over 200 residential condominiums on the 2,200 acre property. At the time of its sale, Tamiment was considered "...a pillar of the Poconos tourist industry."

Tamiment Playhouse
The original Tamiment Playhouse was a multi-purpose facility in the 1930s while a new theater opened on July 5, 1941.   LaMonaco wrote, "From all accounts, the theatre was not only beautiful but commodious, with 1,200 seats on a raked main floor and balcony.  It was constructed almost entirely of wood cut at Pike County sawmills, with local fieldstone used on part of the exterior."  Max Liebman became theater director at Tamiment in 1933 and created an original stage revue every Saturday night during the 10-week summer season. His shows combined music and dance with comedy, and the people Liebman hired included Danny Kaye, Sylvia Fine, Imogene Coca, Betty Garrett, Jules Munshin, Herbert Ross, and Jerome Robbins.  The Broadway musical The Straw Hat Revue was based on his Tamiment revues from the 1939 season and had a large cast of Tamiment players. Liebman's last season at the playhouse was 1949 and, during the 1950s, he directed the TV variety show Your Show of Shows, utilizing his Tamiment experience to put on a weekly live revue.  He stated, "I was really preparing myself for television at Tamiment. I was doing what you might call television without cameras..."

Tamiment Playhouse was referred to as the "Poconos boot camp for Broadway writers and performers." Broadway and TV producers watched the shows there and recruited new talent. Performers Barbara Cook, Carol Burnett, Bea Arthur, Larry Kert, and others gained experience at Tamiment. Cook considered the playhouse to be a "very important step" for her, as she developed the confidence to perform on Broadway. Noted choreographer Robbins learned the importance of timing and acquired the skill to quickly assemble material at Tamiment. Composer Jerry Bock spent three summers there, which he said helped prepare him for the experience of reworking a musical in pre-Broadway tryouts. Bock stated, "…How do you get to Broadway? Practice, at Tamiment!" Neil Simon's first theater work were the sketches he wrote with his brother Danny Simon for  Tamiment Playhouse shows.  "Getting the job at Tamiment was my first exposure to writing for the stage," Neil recalled, "and I knew as soon as I did that, it was what I wanted to do for the rest of my life."

Woody Allen acted and directed for the first time at Tamiment, where he also went from writing jokes to writing sketch comedy. Authors Willis Hall and Keith Waterhouse wrote, "Allen bemoaned the fact that he was not able to sell any of his Tamiment material, yet many of the ideas and themes formulated at Tamiment were seminal in terms of his later work..."

Once Upon A Mattress was originally presented as a one-act musical at the Tamiment Playhouse in August 1958. The show had been written by resident Tamiment writers and was designed to accommodate the lead players there. After being a hit with hotel guests, Once Upon A Mattress was significantly expanded for Off-Broadway, later moved to Broadway, and became one of the most frequently produced musicals in the United States.

The Tamiment Playhouse presented weekly summer revues until 1960, when audiences were dwindling.  The theater was razed in 1976 to make space for meetings rooms and indoor tennis courts.

References

Further reading
 Jill P. Capuzzo, "A Poconos Surprise: Naturally At Tamiment, A Cabin In The Woods Affords All The Rustic Pleasures..." Philadelphia Inquirer, April 14, 1991.
 Frederic Cornell, A History of the Rand School of Social Science, 1906 to 1956. PhD dissertation. Columbia University Teachers College, 1976.
 Martha Schmoyer LoMonaco, Every Week, A Broadway Revue: The Tamiment Playhouse, 1921-1960. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1992.
 Rachel Cutler Schwartz, The Rand School of Social Science, 1906-1924: A Study of Worker Education in the Socialist Era.'' PhD dissertation. State University of New York at Buffalo, 1984.

Buildings and structures completed in 1921
2005 disestablishments in Pennsylvania
Pocono Mountains
Socialist Party of America
1921 establishments in Pennsylvania


title: The Adversary (Thy Art Is Murder album)

text:
The Adversary is the debut studio album by Australian deathcore band Thy Art Is Murder. The album was released on 16 July 2010 through Skull and Bone Records. It is the first release to feature vocalist Chris "CJ" McMahon and last release to feature guitarist Gary Markowski and bassist Mick Low. Guitarist Sean Delander replaced Mick Low on bass and Andy Marsh and Tom Brown joined as the new guitarists on the album Hate.

Track listing

Personnel
Thy Art Is Murder
 Chris "CJ" McMahon – vocals
 Sean Delander – rhythm guitar
 Gary Markowski – lead guitar
 Mick Low – bass
 Lee Stanton – drums

Technical staff and artwork
 Toby Learmont – production, mastering
 Michael Low – engineering
 Shane "Buddha" Edwards – mixing, editing
 Jumali Katani – cover art
 Remy Cuveillier – layout

References

External links

2010 debut albums
Thy Art Is Murder albums


title: Carlos (footballer, born 1995)

text:
Carlos Alberto Carvalho da Silva Júnior (born 15 August 1995), simply known as Carlos, is a Brazilian footballer who plays as a forward for Al-Shabab in Saudi Arabia.

Club career
Born in Santa Luz, Bahia, Carlos joined Atlético Mineiro's youth setup in 2009, aged 14. On 10 August 2013 he made his professional debut, replacing Rosinei in a 0–0 away draw against Náutico for the Série A championship.

In January 2014 Carlos was definitely promoted to the main squad. He scored his first goal on 1 March, netting the last of a 4–1 Campeonato Mineiro away routing over Villa Nova.

Carlos also appeared regularly during the year's national league, scoring a brace in a 3–2 away win against fierce rivals Cruzeiro on 21 September.

On 2 February 2017, Carlos joined Internacional on a season-long loan.

On 17 April 2018, Carlos was once again loaned by Atlético, this time to Paraná, reuniting with his former manager at Atlético's youth team Rogério Micale.

On 29 December 2018 it was announced, that Carlos had signed with Vitória F.C. in Portugal. His contract with Atlético was terminated, but the club maintained a percentage in case of future sale of the player. Carlos moved to Setúbal, but the transfer was actually never finalized due to bureaucratic problems. He then signed with another Portuguese club, Rio Ave FC.

On 20 August 2021, Carlos joined Al-Shabab on a three-year contract.

Career statistics

International career
On 27 November 2014, Carlos was preselected by the Brazil under-20s for the 2015 South American Youth Football Championship, hosted in Uruguay.

Honours
Atlético Mineiro
Copa do Brasil: 2014
Campeonato Mineiro: 2015

Individual
Primeira Liga Team of the Year: 2020–21
King Cup Top scorer: 2021–22

References

External links
Atlético official profile

Profile at Rio Ave FC

1995 births
Living people
Footballers from Bahia
Brazilian men's footballers
Men's association football forwards
Campeonato Brasileiro Série A players
Campeonato Brasileiro Série B players
Clube Atlético Mineiro players
Sport Club Internacional players
Paraná Clube players
Rio Ave F.C. players
C.D. Santa Clara players
Al Shabab FC (Riyadh) players
Primeira Liga players
Saudi Pro League players
Brazil men's youth international footballers
Brazilian expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in Portugal
Expatriate men's footballers in Saudi Arabia
Brazilian expatriate sportspeople in Saudi Arabia


title: Surf Coast FC

text:
Surf Coast Football Club is an Australian semi-professional association football (soccer) club based in the Victorian seaside town of Torquay. Founded in 2001, the club gained entry into the competitive state system in 2008 and currently competes in the western conference of Victorian State League Division 4 as of 2022.

Notable players:

Thomas Dunn (GK) Melbourne Heart 2011/12

Honours
Provisional League Division Two North-West/Victorian State League Division 4 West (sixth tier)
Runners-up (1): 2010 (promoted)
Third place (1): 2016
Provisional League Division Three North-West (seventh tier)
Runners-up (1): 2009 (promoted)

See also
Geelong Regional Football Association

References

External links
 Surfcoast FC Official Website

Soccer clubs in Victoria (state)
2001 establishments in Australia
Surf Coast Shire
Victorian State League teams
Association football clubs established in 2001


title: Lo-Fantasy

text:
Lo-Fantasy is the fifth studio album by Canadian rock musician Sam Roberts, and the second released as "Sam Roberts Band". The album debuted at number 3 on the Canadian Albums Chart, selling 5,800 copies during its first week. The album was nominated for "Rock Album of the Year" at the 2015 Juno Awards.

Promotion
On September 16, 2014, Roberts announced a 16-city worldwide tour to promote the album, beginning at The Garage in London and finishing at Rogers K-Rock Centre in Kingston with fellow Canadian band Besnard Lakes as a supporting act.

Critical reception

Lo-Fantasy received generally favorable reviews but music critics were mixed on the uses from the electronic genre throughout the album. At Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, the album received an average score of 71, based on 4 reviews.

AllMusic writer Matt Collar called it "a melodic, psych-inflected album that showcases Roberts' knack for mixing gigantic, propulsive rock melodies and dance-oriented hooks", saying that its "at once organically rootsy and studio sophisticated, with songs that straddle the line between stadium shouters ("We're All in This Together") and midtempo club anthems ("The Hands of Love")." Matthew Riddle from Exclaim! commended the mixture of Roberts' "trademark arena-rock choruses and anthemic growls" through various dance genre filters. He said of Roberts' detractors: "those willing to get past their preconceived notions may be surprised to find that Lo-Fantasy is perhaps the most dynamic recording of Roberts' career." Joshua Kloke of NOW noted how the record utilizes a combination of the "wandering vibe" from Chemical City and the "jazzy feel" of Collider, saying that it can be "airy and middling" at times. He concluded that "Thankfully, though, Roberts is less concerned with sticking to a chunky, riff-driven formula than with experimenting with the many layers that he and his band are capable of producing." In a negative review for Slant Magazine, Kyle Fowle found the electronic elements "overbearing", with each track containing "stale production flourishes and gratuitous layers of reverb." He concluded that the record "attempts to skate by on pure surface appeal in order to distract from the obtuse social commentary at its core."

Track listing

Personnel
Credits adapted from the liner notes of Lo-Fantasy.
Sam Roberts Band
Sam Roberts - lead vocals, guitar
James Hall - bass
Eric Fares - keyboards, synthesizers
Dave Nugent - guitar, backing vocals
Josh Trager - drums

Additional musicians
Chet Doxas - saxophone (on "We're All In This Together", "Never Enough", "Golden Hour")
Tim Fletcher - backing vocals (on "We're All In This Together")

Artwork
Simon Paul - art direction and design
Jan Verburg - interior image design

References

2014 albums
Sam Roberts albums
Universal Music Canada albums
Albums produced by Youth (musician)


title: Cleberson (footballer, born 1992)

text:
Cleberson Martins de Souza (born 17 August 1992), simply known as Cleberson, is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Madura United.

Club career
Cleberson was born in Macatuba, São Paulo. He joined Athletico Paranaense's youth setup in 2010, after starting it out at Cruzeiro.

On 19 May 2012, after appearing sparingly in the year's Campeonato Paranaense, Cleberson made his professional debut, playing the entire second half in a 4–1 away routing over Joinville for the Série B championship. He appeared in 33 matches during the campaign, scoring his first goal on 24 November against Paraná, as Furacão was promoted to Série A at first attempt.

A backup of Léo and Manoel, Cleberson only appeared in six matches during the 2013 season, making his debut in the main category on 26 May 2013, starting in a 1–2 away loss against Fluminense. He scored his first goal in the competition on 24 November, netting the last of a 6–1 home routing over Náutico.

After profiting from Léo's departure to Flamengo, Cleberson was made a starter by manager Miguel Ángel Portugal. On 5 September 2014 he signed a new deal with the club, running until 2017.

References

External links
Atlético Paranaense profile

1992 births
Living people
Footballers from São Paulo (state)
Brazilian men's footballers
Men's association football defenders
Campeonato Brasileiro Série A players
Campeonato Brasileiro Série B players
Liga 1 (Indonesia) players
Club Athletico Paranaense players
Figueirense FC players
Sport Club do Recife players
Centro Sportivo Alagoano players
Esporte Clube Juventude players
Ituano FC players
Madura United F.C. players
Brazilian expatriate men's footballers
Brazilian expatriate sportspeople in Indonesia
Expatriate men's footballers in Indonesia