title: Carlton le Willows Academy

text:
Carlton le Willows Academy is an 11–18 mixed, secondary school and sixth form with academy status in Gedling, Nottinghamshire, England. It is part of the Delta Academies Trust.

Recruiting its first pupils in 1953, on-site teaching was introduced in the following year and the school was officially opened in 1956. Consequently, the modern school speculates Carlton le Willows to have been founded as the first post-war grammar school in England. Its campus was split from 1962 when a separate secondary technical school, Carlton le Willows Technical Grammar School, was established. The schools unified in 1973 and converted to a single comprehensive school; two local secondary modern schools, both founded in the early 20th-century, were also implicated in the merger. Carlton le Willows was granted specialist Technology College status from 2002 until 2010, became a foundation school in 2007 and converted into an academy in 2011.

It operates on a single,  campus and its teaching follows the National Curriculum. Pupils generally sit examinations for around eight General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) qualifications, or equivalent diplomas, in Year Eleven (aged 15–16). Pupils have a choice to study three or four GCE Advanced Levels (A Levels) if they are admitted into the sixth form, though more vocational courses remain available.

History

Demand and origins
Demand for secondary education in the Carlton Urban District was prevalent from about 1904, though proposals were consistently rejected by the superior Nottinghamshire County Council. Lamenting transport costs to the nearest provider, the Henry Mellish Grammar School in Bulwell, it was again suggested in 1934 that the County Council commit to the establishment of a secondary school, a concept dismissed by the then-Chairman of the District Council as being "a long way off". However, it was also stressed that advocates should "stick to it". By 1949, focus switched to endorsing an accessible grammar school, encouraged by a post-war population increase connected to the developing coal and light engineering sector in western Nottinghamshire. As discontent surfaced once more upon the attainment of scholarships by 71 local schoolchildren to remote institutions, it was clarified that County authorities had finally agreed to the foundation of a secondary school. It was to be based in Gedling, rather than neighbouring Carlton; despite this, Gedling was likewise within the Carlton Urban District, which encompassed the area known parochially as Carlton-le-Willows.

Grammar schools: 1952–1973

Grammar school

Demanding £173,793, construction of a new grammar school began in 1952. The building was designed by County Architect E. W. Roberts to comfortably accommodate 540 pupils, anticipating that a sixth form would be established as its pupils matured. Architectural historian Elain Harwood demonstrates that Roberts repeated the same design at other schools both before Carlton le Willows' foundation and until his retirement in December 1954, describing its "strong proportions and blonde brickwork" as "impressive". In-line with Roberts' formula, generous acreage, permitting a large playing field, was secured for Carlton le Willows that year with the County Council's acquisition of War Department land once allotted to the adjacent Gedling House, which was built for the Smith banking family in the late 18th to early 19th–century.

The school's students were to be provided with four laboratories (dedicated to biology, chemistry, physics and general science respectfully) in addition to rooms for art, domestic science, metalwork, needlework and woodwork. Ten general classrooms were also planned, alongside three intended sixth form rooms and a gymnasium. Designs further permitted staff and prefect rooms, a well equipped library and an assembly hall. The threat of mining subsidence meant that all structures were reinforced with concrete beams capable of carrying the building's weight. Appointees hoped that these furnishings would fulfil the main purpose of the school, which was to reduce travelling distances while still providing for scholars from as far afield as Beeston.

During a period of intense construction in 1953, Carlton le Willows recruited its first pupils, consisting of two single-sex forms. They were initially educated elsewhere; the boys at the Henry Mellish Grammar School and the girls at the West Brigford Grammar School, until co-educational, on-campus teaching was introduced in September 1954. Carlton le Willows Grammar School was officially opened on 30 June 1956 with a speech from educationalist Sir John Wolfenden. The modern school contends it was the first post-war grammar school founded in Nottinghamshire and speculates it may have been the first in England altogether. Managing a contingent of just over 500 by 1967, it had three headmasters in all; Stephen Marshall (1953–57), Leonard Thomas Draycott (1958–67) and T. E. Dowman (1968–73), who also led the grammar school's comprehensive successor up to his retirement in 1988.

Technical grammar school
The erection of a secondary technical institution, Carlton le Willows Technical Grammar School, was completed in September 1962 and occurred on the same 45-acre site as the main grammar school, albeit in a different building developed through the Consortium of Local Authorities Special Programme (CLASP). Contracted in January 1961 for £202,310 under the supervision of County Architect W. D. Lacey, the technical school promised compartmentalised accommodation for 510 pupils, including 60 sixth formers. Its proximity to the adjacent grammar school allowed for convenient campus organisation through the sharing of facilities, sporting endeavours and access roads. A secondary modern school was also proposed by the Nottinghamshire Education Authority for the same campus, though its planning was rejected by the Minister of Education, Sir Edward Boyle, on 22 March 1963.

The technical grammar initially admitted 209 pupils, whom were taught by 15 members of staff at the time of the school's official opening on 22 November 1963 by Willoughby Norman, then-Chairman of the Boots Pure Drug Company. Despite differing uniforms, the school shared a similar curriculum with its neighbour, with the exception of instruction in Latin and Ancient Greek; such measures were implemented by W. B. Brigham, who served as its only Headmaster.

Comprehensive and academy: 1973–present
The Tripartite System of education wound-up in Nottinghamshire during the 1970s. September 1973 saw the amalgamation of the Carlton le Willows grammar and technical schools, alongside two other secondary modern establishments, to form a co-educational comprehensive school. The building of one of these secondary moderns, located on Station Road, was annexed by its successor until 1988, when £200,000 of funding from the European Communities (EC) re-purposed the site as a business centre from 1989. Earlier, in 1975, £33,000 was designated as part of an A612 road safety improvement scheme for Carlton le Willows pupils and residents of the adjoining Stoke Lane.

Under the headship of Michael Naisbitt (1989–2009), Carlton le Willows became a specialist Technology College in July 2002. This accreditation was lost in 2010 and the school reorganised as an academy on 1 April 2011, having been a foundation school from 1 September 2007, meaning the school would now receive funding directly from central government rather than a local education authority (LEA) and be run by a trust on behalf of the state. Recent campus developments include the completion of a Learning Resource Centre (LRC) in 2005, a performing arts block in 2007, a dedicated Sixth Form building in 2009 and a table tennis facility in 2016. Craig Weaver has led the school since 2009; he was formerly Headteacher at the Quarrydale Academy.

Structure

Governance

Carlton le Willows is a state-controlled comprehensive secondary school and sixth form serving pupils aged between 11 and 18. It converted to an academy on 1 April 2011 and is overseen by the Greater Nottingham Education Trust, a developing consortium of local institutions; the school is associated with the Redhill Teaching School Alliance, through which its staff often train, as well as Nottinghamshire County Council, which manages its admissions. Day-to-day governance of the school is the responsibility of no fewer than nine and no more than 13 school governors, including at least two parents, up to two members of staff, up to eight individuals appointed by the school trust and the sitting Headteacher; a Parent-Teacher Association (PTA) also offers support through its termly meetings and regular fundraising.

An Office for Standards in Education, Children's Services and Skills (Ofsted) inspection in April 2013 found Carlton le Willows to be a "good" school overall with "outstanding" features, namely in the "behaviour and safety of pupils".

Demographics
Despite a capacity of 1,445 individuals, the co-educational school operates on a single, 32-acre campus on Wood Lane, Gedling, which 1,513 pupils attended during the 2016–17 academic year: 794 boys and 719 girls. Staff numbers recorded 88 teachers, as well as 20 teaching assistants and 27 general support staff; pupil to teacher ratio was 18.5, above the national average of 15.6. As of May 2013, the majority of scholars come from White British backgrounds and very few pupils speak English as an additional language. The number of pupils supported through allowances, including free school meals (7.7%), is below the national average, as is the number of students with special educational needs. The school's current catchment area comprises partial areas of Carlton and Gedling, along with the entirety of Bulcote, Burton Joyce, Colwick, Netherfield and Stoke Bardolph.

Pupils are allocated into houses, separately comprising around 330 students, based on their forms. The current house system was introduced in September 2010 and consists of Ash, Birch, Cedar and Oak. Each is administrated by members of the teaching staff and appointed house captains, providing pastoral care and encouraging their contingent in an array of inter-house competitions.

Admissions
As of 2018, the school is able to admit 226 new Year Seven pupils (aged 11) per annum. Upon admission, students are allocated a mixed ability form of varying ages, where they are registered and have access to support from their tutors. Since ratification of the Education Act 2002, Years Seven, Eight and Nine have been grouped into Key Stage 3 and Years Ten and Eleven into Key Stage 4, which co-ordinates how the National Curriculum is taught. The lower school uniform principally consists of a royal blue blazer, embroidered with the school logo, with the option of wearing a V-neck jumper of similar description underneath. Ties must be worn by all students, with relevant colours indicating a pupil's house. Plain black trousers or knee-length pleated skirts are necessitated, as are buttoned white shirts and formal black shoes, as well as black socks or tights.

Separately, around 44% of Key Stage 4 pupils at Carlton le Willows go up to the school's dedicated Sixth Form, and thus Key Stage 5 (comprising years Twelve and Thirteen), numbering 235 in 2013. These students are required to meet minimum General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE), or equivalent, grade requirements to access GCE Advanced Level (A Level) or vocational (chiefly Business and Technology Education Council (BTEC)) subject choices, though openings are available to discuss admittance based on exceptional circumstances. The Sixth Form has been based in the purpose-built Michael Naisbitt Sixth Form Centre since July 2009, named after the Headteacher who retired in that year. Sixth formers are not required to wear uniform, but are to adopt a dress code suitable for a professional working environment. This typically consists of trousers, smart jeans or a skirt of a reasonable length; a formal shirt, blouse, smart polo or T-shirt is also acceptable, as is a complementary sweater or cardigan. Footwear requirements demand appropriate boots or smart training shoes.

School year
The school year runs from September to July, split across three terms: the autumn term (September to December), spring term (January to April) and the summer term (April to July). Students receive two weeks off for Christmas and Easter, a six-week summer break, and three half-term breaks in October, February and May; in addition, the school observes the five nationally scheduled inset days, as well as two public holidays, Good Friday and May Day.

Curriculum
Carlton le Willows Grammar School was originally established to reflect a curriculum comprising Ancient Greek, art, crafts, English, French, geography, history, Latin, mathematics, music, physical education (PE) and religious knowledge. However, the 1960s would also see the institution particularly respected for its teaching of American studies and German. Aside from tutelage in the classics, the secondary technical school shared a broadly comparable curriculum, though subjects were especially instructed "with an emphasis on their relationship to the highly complex technical world" according to its Headmaster, W. B. Brigham, who saw this difference as the most fundamental between the two schools.

More recently, in 2015, The Good Schools Guide commended Carlton le Willows for its instruction of boys in sport and applied sciences; by contrast, in January 2009, the school was one of three listed in an article by The Independent which documented cases judged by the General Teaching Council for England (GTCE) to be instances of incompetent teaching.

Key Stages 3 and 4
As of 2018, the school follows the National Curriculum in years Seven to Eleven and offers a range of GCSEs (national exams taken by students aged 14–16) and A Levels (national exams taken by pupils aged 16–18). The school has no affiliation with a particular religious denomination, but religious education is given throughout the school, and pupils may opt to take the subject as part of their GCSE course. Students participate in a number of educational visits and excursions as they progress through the school, with those in years Ten and Eleven being offered tailored careers advice to participate in a work experience program outside of the designated school term. For Key Stage 3 (ages 11–14), almost all pupils study the school's central curriculum, comprising: art, character resilience and well-being, design and technology, drama, English, French (with German as a supplementary option), geography, history, information and communications technology (ICT), mathematics, music, PE, religion and philosophy, as well as science.

Most pupils in Key Stage 4 (ages 14–16) are entered into a mandatory set of GCSE qualifications in Year Nine, with final examinations sat in Year Eleven. Alongside the required PE and personal, health, social and citizenship education (PSHE); these consist of English language, English literature, mathematics and combined science (a subject comprising any two of biology, chemistry or physics). In addition, pupils choose four other course options, including at least one humanity (geography or history) and, preferably to the school, a foreign language (French or German). Triple science, leading to separate qualifications in all three disciplines, is available to those proficient in the subject; other GCSE course options include: art, astronomy, business and finance, computer science, cookery, drama, graphics, media studies, music, photography, religious studies, resistant materials, sports science and textiles. Furthermore, pupils are invited to participate in The Duke of Edinburgh's Award scheme as part of their PE studies in Year Ten.

Sixth Form
Depending on both standard and subject-specific GCSE, or equivalent, entry requirements, as well as an interview in the autumn term, students are initially enrolled on up to four courses, be they A Levels, vocational qualifications, or a combination. As of 2018, the 32 courses on offer comprised: applied science, biology, business studies, chemistry, computer science, drama and theatre studies, economics, English language, English literature, financial studies, fine art, forensic science, French, geography, German, government and politics, graphics and resistant materials, history, law, mathematics, core mathematics, further mathematics, media studies, photography, physics, psychology, religious studies, sport science, textiles and travel and tourism. As is considered mandatory, Year Twelve students organise a week of work experience toward the end of their academic year.

Examination
In 2017, 78% of pupils achieved five or more GCSEs, including in English language and mathematics, at level 4 (grade C equivalent) or higher. 28% of these results were recorded A or A*, or equivalent, with 27% of students achieving the English Baccalaureate, an indicator measuring attainment of traditionally academic qualifications. At A Level, 25% of results returned in 2017 were A or A*, with the average subject grade equating to a B−; in the same cohort, 85% of pupils passed three A Levels or more, 20% achieving them at grades AAB, including in at least two "facilitating subjects". With 40% of this contingent going up to Russell Group or Sutton Trust 30 universities, Carlton le Willows' results were ranked twelfth best in Nottinghamshire, complementing the lower school's eighth place for overall performance. In 2001, the school's average A Level performance saw it ranked by The Independent as the 54th best comprehensive in the United Kingdom; more recently, 2017 GCSE results were recognised by the Schools, Students and Teachers Network (SSAT) as belonging within the top 20% for British non-selective schools by Progress 8 benchmark attainment.

Extra-curricular activities

As of 2018, the school offers many extra-curricular undertakings. Carlton le Willows sports a choir, string ensemble, book and drama clubs, samba sessions, band lessons and chess tutorials; seasonal festivals are also celebrated, namely Diwali, Saint Andrew's Day and during the Christmas season. Catch-up classes are available for pupils in art, biology, construction, drama, general science, German, history, mathematics, music, photography, physics and textiles, with library access made available on a weekly basis for private study. Pupil achievements and general updates are documented in the school's current termly publication, Le Willows Life.

Sport
Rugby at the grammar school benefited in its early years from the tutelage of David W. Roberts, who would later coach at Nottingham R.F.C. and the Canadian national team. The school's reputation for the sport was further compounded in 2008 as Carlton le Willows' Rugby Football Union-recognised first XV qualified for the opening round of the Daily Mail Under-18 Schools Cup. Furthermore, aside from historic prowess in long-distance running, Carlton le Willows has established itself in both the Nottinghamshire Schools' and English Schools' football associations, reaching the second round of the Premier League Under-16 Schools' Cup in 2017.

Presently, sporting activities at the school include training for basketball, association football, rugby, netball, table tennis and cross country running. Facilities for said pursuits include eight pitches, with markings for numerous field sports; the school also boasts a 400m cinder track with six lanes, three multi-purpose sports halls and a single playing field for cricket, complete with nets.

Notable former pupils

The school and its forerunner institutions have educated notable figures in a wide range of fields. Writers and academics include science-fiction author John Peel (b. 1954), Knight Frank & Rutley Partner and novelist Allan Shelley (1931–2012), as well as urologist Bev Abel (1943–2018), a pioneer in surgical kidney treatments. Former pupils in the music industry include Graham Russell (b. 1950) of soft rock duo Air Supply, and singer-songwriter Sam Beeton (b. 1988). In sport, the school has produced first-class cricketer Mark Footitt (b. 1985), in addition to record-holding balloonist Janet Folkes (1959–2012). Carlton le Willows is represented in public affairs by Wilfrid Eggleston (1901–1986), Chief Censor for Canada during World War II, British Army officer and engineer Stephen Tetlow (b. 1954), as well as Brexit Party Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for the West Midlands, Martin Daubney (b. 1970). Alan Oakley (1927–2012), designer of the culturally iconic Raleigh Chopper bicycle, is also a former pupil.

References

Notes

Citations

Bibliography

Gedling
Secondary schools in Nottinghamshire
Academies in Nottinghamshire
Educational institutions established in 1953
1953 establishments in England


title: VA-38 (U.S. Navy)

text:
VA-38 was an authorized Attack Squadron of the U.S. Navy, established on 1 March 1967 and disestablished on 1 October 1968.

The squadron’s administrative assignment was to Commander Fleet Air, Jacksonville. However, it appears VA-38 existed only on paper. The squadron was established while the A-7A Corsair II was being introduced to the fleet and may have been programmed to be a new A-7A attack squadron. However, according to the CNO publication Allowances and Location of Navy Aircraft, the squadron was not assigned aircraft. The only records on the squadron are the CNO messages establishing and disestablishing the unit.

See also
 Attack aircraft
 History of the United States Navy
 List of inactive United States Navy aircraft squadrons

References

Attack squadrons of the United States Navy
Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the Dictionary of American Naval Aviation Squadrons


title: Blaise Cronin

text:
Blaise Cronin (born 1949) is an Irish-American information scientist and bibliometrician. He is the Rudy Professor Emeritus of Information Science at Indiana University, Bloomington, where he was Dean of the School of Library and Information Science for seventeen years. From 1985 to 1991 he held the Chair of Information Science and was Head of the Department of Information Science at the University of Strathclyde in Glasgow, U.K.

Biography

Cronin was well known for his work in bibliometrics and scientometrics. He also was known for researching and understanding the importance of acknowledgements in scholarly papers.

Awards and honors
 2014 Jason Farradane Award
 2013 Derek de Solla Price Memorial Medal for "outstanding contributions to the fields of quantitative studies of science."
 Honorary Visiting professor, Department of Information Science, City University London, 2007-
 Visiting professor, School of Computing, Mathematical and Information Science, University of Brighton, 2007-2010
 Award of Merit, American Society for Information Science and Technology, 2006
 Rudy Professor of Information Science, Indiana University, 1999-
 Talis Information Visiting professor of Information Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, 1996-2003
 Visiting professor, School of Computing, Napier University, Edinburgh, 2000-
 Visiting professor of Information Management, Napier University, Edinburgh, 1999-2000
 Doctor of Letters (Honoris Causa), Queen Margaret University College, Edinburgh, 1997
 Fellow, Royal Society of Arts, 1998
 Fellow, Institute of Management, 1989
 Fellow, Institute of Information Scientists, 1988
 Fellow, Library Association, 1984

Publications
Blaise Cronin has published more than 300 documents, including monographs, scientific articles, opinion papers, conference papers. Among his publications are:

1984: The citation process. The role and significance of citations in scientific communication. London: Taylor Graham,
1988: Post-professionalism: transforming the information heartland. London: Taylor Graham (with Elizabeth Davenport).
1991: Elements of information management. Metuchen, NJ: Scarecrow Press (with Elizabeth Davenport).
1995: The scholar's courtesy: The role of acknowledgement in the primary communication process. London: Taylor Graham.
2000: The web of knowledge: A Festschrift in honor of Eugene Garfield. Medford, NJ: Information Today (with H.B. Atkins,Eds.).
2005: The Hand of Science: Academic Writing and its Rewards. Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press.

He edited Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology and Annual Review of Information Science and Technology

References

1949 births
Living people
Information scientists
Bibliometricians


title: Mars Lake

text:
Mars Lake (also called Lake Sequilla or Sequilla Lake) is a small spring-fed rural lake in Oneida County in northern Wisconsin in the United States, near the intersection of U.S. Route 45 and U.S. Route 8, about  north of Pelican Lake and  northwest of the small settlement of Monico. It is located between the somewhat larger lakes Neptune Lake and Venus Lake.

Mars Lake is  in area with a maximum depth of  (another source says .) Mars Lake is used for fishing. Panfish species include Largemouth Bass, Northern Pike, and Walleye, and Bluegill. There is a boat ramp.

References

Lakes of Oneida County, Wisconsin


title: Charles Woodworth

text:
Charles Woodworth may refer to:

 Charles E. Woodworth (1897–1966), American entomologist
 Charles W. Woodworth (1865–1940), American entomologist


title: 2014 Hirakud boat disaster

text:
The 2014 Hirakud boat disaster was an accident that occurred on 9 February 2014 in the reservoir of the Hirakud Dam in the Indian state of Odisha. The incident occurred  when a boat carrying about 115 passengers on board capsized in the reservoir. The disaster killed 31 people.

Accident
The accident occurred near the Pitapali area inside the reservoir at around 4:30 PM when a large group of picnickers were returning in an overcrowded motor boat.  As per eyewitnesses, the motorboat became snagged, water overflowed the gunwale, and it capsized. The passengers tried to bale out the water unsuccessfully. Many of the passengers also jumped off the boat in panic. It was later noted the boat did not have basic safety measures.

Rescue
Firefighters and units of the ODRAF were deployed for rescue operations. A six-member scuba diving rescue team also aided in rescue operations.

References

2014 disasters in India
Transport disasters in India
Sambalpur district
2010s in Odisha
Maritime incidents in India
Deaths due to shipwreck
Accidental deaths in India
February 2014 events in India
Disasters in Odisha


title: Venus Lake

text:
Venus Lake (also called Lake Kechewaishke or Kechewaishke Lake) is a small mesotrophic rural lake in Oneida County in northern Wisconsin in the United States, at the intersection of U.S. Route 45 and U.S. Route 8, about  north of Pelican Lake and adjacent to the small settlement of Monico. The slightly smaller Mars Lake and the somewhat larger Neptune Lake are nearby, to the northwest.

Venus Lake is  in area with a maximum depth of . Venus Lake is used for fishing. Panfish species include Largemouth Bass and Northern Pike, and Walleye and Bluegill. Rusty Crayfish, a rapidly expanding invasive species, are present in the lake. There is no boat ramp.

References

Lakes of Oneida County, Wisconsin


title: Louise Antony

text:
Louise M. Antony is an American philosopher who is professor of philosophy at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. She specializes in epistemology and feminist theory.

Education and career
Antony received a bachelor's in philosophy from Syracuse University in 1975,  after which she went to Harvard University for her doctorate, which she received in 1981. Her first academic position was at the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, in 1980-81. She taught at Boston University from 1981 to 1983; Bates College from 1983 to 1986; North Carolina State University from 1986 to 1993; the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill from 1993 to 2000; and the Ohio State University from 2000 to 2006, when she moved to the University of Massachusetts Amherst.

Personal life
Louise Antony is married to fellow philosopher Joseph Levine and is the mother of Bay Area musician Rachel Lark.

Work
Antony is a proponent of analytic feminist philosophy, suggesting that earlier feminist philosophers overlooked the extent to which analytic philosophers had rejected the ideas of empiricists and rationalists, and thus misidentified analytic epistemology with empiricism.

Publications
Antony has written a number of peer-reviewed papers, book reviews, and essays. She has also edited and introduced three volumes: Philosophers Without Gods (Oxford University Press, 2007), a collection of essays by leading philosophers reflecting on their life without religious faith; Chomsky and His Critics, with Norbert Hornstein (Blackwell Publishing Company, 2003); and, with Charlotte Witt, A Mind of One's Own: Feminist Essays on Reason and Objectivity (Westview Press, 1993), which was expanded in 2002 in a second edition.

Other selected essays include "Natures and Norms", "Multiple Realization: Keeping it Real", "Atheism as Perfect Piety For the Love of Reason", "Everybody Has Got It: A Defense of Non-Reductive Materialism in the Philosophy of Mind", and, with Rebecca Hanrahan, "Because I Said So: Toward a Feminist Theory of Authority".

In addition to her academic work, Antony has spoken out about the oppressive climate for women in philosophy. She wrote one of a series of articles in the New York Times's Opinionator column in the fall of 2013, and in 2011 co-founded with Ann Cudd the Mentoring Project for Junior Women in Philosophy. In 2015-16 she served as president of the eastern division of the American Philosophical Association.

In 2008, Antony debated Christian apologist William Lane Craig on the topic "Is God Necessary for Morality?".

See also
List of Syracuse University people
List of Harvard University people
List of American philosophers

References

External links
Interview with Richard Marshall

Living people
Social epistemologists
Feminist philosophers
Atheist philosophers
American women philosophers
Women's studies academics
Philosophers from Massachusetts
Presidents of the American Philosophical Association
American atheists
20th-century American philosophers
21st-century American philosophers
Harvard Graduate School of Arts and Sciences alumni
Syracuse University alumni
Year of birth missing (living people)
21st-century American women academics


title: Oh, Father

text:
Oh, Father may refer to:

TV
Oh, Father!, see Oh, Brother! (TV series)
Oh! Father (film) (オー!ファーザー Ō! Fāzā), 2013 Japanese film based on the novel Oh! Father (オー!ファーザー Ō! Fāzā) by Kotaro Isaka 2010

Music

Albums
Oh, Father!, 1956 jazz album by Earl Hines
Oh, Father, 1994 album by Baha Men

Songs
"Oh Father", 1989 song by Madonna
Oh, Father, 1994 song by Baha Men, theme song from film My Father, The Hero
Oh Father, 2006 song by Linda Sundblad, No.1 in Sweden
Oh, Father, 2010 song by Street Dogs from Street Dogs (album)


title: Frans Nässling

text:
Frans Reinold Nässling (23 November 1868 – 7 May 1933) was a Finnish sports shooter, who competed at the 1908 and 1920 Summer Olympics, and won three Finnish national championship golds.

Shooting

Olympics

International

Nässling competed at the 1914 ISSF World Shooting Championships, placing 5th in an army rifle event.

National

He won three Finnish national championship golds in shooting:
 free rifle, standing: 1908
 free rifle, three positions: 1914, 1918

He represented the club Skjutkonstens Vänner i Åbo.

He was at the constituting meeting of the Finnish Shooting Sport Federation.

Other

He broke the Finnish national records of 40 and 80 kilometre cycling in 1895.

He was a gymnast in the club Åbo Turnförening his youth.

He was active in the Turku White Guard.

His family name has also appeared as Näsling. Olympic shooter Emil Nässling was his brother.

Sources

References

External links

1868 births
1933 deaths
Finnish male sport shooters
Olympic shooters for Finland
Shooters at the 1908 Summer Olympics
Shooters at the 1920 Summer Olympics
Sportspeople from Turku
People from the Grand Duchy of Finland


title: S. ehrenbergii

text:
S. ehrenbergii may refer to:

 Sansevieria ehrenbergii, a northeastern African plant
 Saropogon ehrenbergii, a robber fly
 Solanum ehrenbergii, a tuberous plant
 Stachys ehrenbergii, a lamb's ear

See also

 S. ehrenbergi (disambiguation)


title: Sylvain Estibal

text:
Sylvain Estibal (born 13 March 1967) is a French reporter, author and film director.
The film The Last Flight was based on Estibal's 2006 book. He directed the film When Pigs Have Wings for which he was awarded the César Award for Best Debut.

References

External links

1967 births
Living people
French male film actors
Place of birth missing (living people)


title: Jacob Elias la Fargue

text:
Jacob Elias la Fargue (1735 – 1778), was an 18th-century painter from the Northern Netherlands.

Biography
He was born in Voorburg to Jan Thomas la Fargue and was the younger brother of Paulus Constantijn la Fargue.  His other siblings Maria Margaretha, Karel and Isaac Lodewijk also became painters.
He became a member of the Confrerie Pictura in The Hague in 1761 and lived and worked there until he died.

References

Jacob Elias la Fargue on Artnet

1735 births
1778 deaths
18th-century Dutch painters
18th-century Dutch male artists
Dutch male painters
People from Voorburg
Painters from The Hague


title: Just Friends (1993 film)

text:
Just Friends is a 1993 Belgian-Dutch film. It was directed and produced by Marc-Henri Wajnberg, written by Pierre Sterckx and Alexandre Wajnberg, and starred Josse De Pauw, Ann-Gisel Glass, Charles Berling, and Sylvie Milhaud. Set in Antwerp, Just Friends is about the jazz scene in the 1950s.

The film received the André Cavens Award and won three Joseph Plateau Awards, including Best Film and Best Director for Wajnberg. It was selected as the Belgian entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 66th Academy Awards.

The music was written and supervised by Michel Herr and featured saxophonist Archie Shepp.

See also
 List of Belgian submissions for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film
 List of submissions to the 66th Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film

References

External links

 Michel Herr's website

1993 films
Belgian musical films
Dutch musical films
Jazz films
1990s musical films


title: Karoly Horvath

text:
Karoly Horvath is a Hungarian-American pediatrician and gastroenterologist who was formerly the director of the Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition Laboratory at the University of Maryland School of Medicine. He is best known for proposing a link between secretin, gastrointestinal disorders and autism and for, as a result, proposing that secretin might be an effective treatment for autism.

Autism research
Horvath originally became interested in the possible link between secretin and autism after being contacted by Victoria Beck, who brought in her autistic son, Parker, to see Horvath in April 1996. After she did so, Horvath injected Parker with an intravenous dose of secretin as part of his diagnostic tests, and according to his mother, Parker's autistic symptoms improved rapidly shortly thereafter. Mrs. Beck contacted one of Horvath's colleagues, Alessio Fasano, to tell him the good news. He replied, "Mrs. Beck, I'm very happy for you, but nothing we would have done here could be responsible." Nevertheless, Mrs. Beck then became convinced that secretin was an effective autism treatment, and therefore contacted Bernard Rimland to tell him about her experience. Rimland asked a number of other parents if they could help Mrs. Beck, after which Kenneth Sokolski of the University of California, Irvine responded that, yes, he thought he could. Sokolski had become intrigued by watching videotapes of Parker seemingly showing his behavior improving greatly after receiving secretin, and persuaded a California gastroenterologist to administer some to his own son, Aaron (who had autism). Dr. Sokolski came to a similar conclusion with regard to his son as Mrs. Beck had with regard to hers, namely that while, prior to Aaron receiving secretin, "You couldn't get Aaron to look at you at all," that after just one dose, "[Aaron] looked right in the therapist's eyes."

In 1998, Horvath published a paper describing Parker, Aaron and one other child (who also had autism) in the Journal of the Association for Academic Minority Physicians. The paper stated that these three children had undergone upper gastrointestinal endoscopy with intravenous secretin administration, and that, subsequently, the children's gastrointestinal and behavioral symptoms had both improved significantly. As a result of this research, the University of Maryland (where Horvath was working at the time) filed a patent application for the use of secretin to treat autism, but ended up giving the rights to the patent to Beck, since she was the first to suspect that secretin might be an effective autism treatment. In 1999, Horvath published another study of 36 children, which concluded that "Unrecognized gastrointestinal disorders, especially reflux esophagitis and disaccharide malabsorption, may contribute to the behavioral problems of the non-verbal autistic patients." In an accompanying editorial, Pasquale Accardo and Howard Bostwick of New York Medical College wrote that Horvath's study "demonstrates consistent physiologic abnormalities (increased density of Paneth’s cells along with diminished pancreatic secretin secretion) in autism that are not known to occur in any other specific gastrointestinal disorder." That same year, researchers from the University of North Carolina, led by Adrian Sandler, published a randomized trial in which they reported that secretin was no more effective as an autism treatment than a placebo. Horvath replied, in a letter to the editor, that "It is unusual for a single dose of a drug to result in full recovery from a chronic disease," and also criticized the study for not including children with gastrointestinal symptoms. Horvath also argued that tests used to measure behavioral improvements may be unreliable when used in these trials, because "These tests were designed to diagnose autism, not to assess drug-induced changes." However, a study by researchers from the University of Chicago also concluded that secretin was not an effective autism treatment, and a total of 15 studies, performed after Sandler's study, arrived at the same conclusion. Some of these studies also used children with both autism and gastrointestinal symptoms.

Education and career
Horvath attended Semmelweis University Medical School in Budapest, where he received his MD and completed his residency and fellowship. He also received a PhD from the Hungarian Scientific Academy. He left the University of Maryland some time after 1999 to join the Nemours Foundation's Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children in Wilmington, Delaware, and to become the director of the Nemours Foundation's Children Celiac Center. He remained there until 2011, when he joined the Pediatric Gastroenterology Specialty Practice at Arnold Palmer Hospital for Children in Orlando. In addition to his research on secretin and autism, Horvath is well known for his research into, and advocacy for awareness of, celiac disease.

References

American gastroenterologists
American medical academics
American pediatricians
Autism researchers
Hungarian emigrants to the United States
Living people
University of Maryland, Baltimore faculty
Year of birth missing (living people)


title: Java Access Bridge

text:
The Java Access Bridge (JAB) exposes accessibility information about Java components to screen readers and other assistive technologies running on the Windows platform.

Prior to Java SE Version 7 Update 6, the Java Access Bridge needed to be installed separately, but is now distributed with the Java Runtime Environment.

References

External links

Oracle's Java Access Bridge Installation and Application Developer's Guide

Java platform software
Java (programming language)


The Pennsylvania State University School of Hospitality Management (also known as SHM) is located at the main campus of The Pennsylvania State University in University Park, Pennsylvania and serves over 500 students. SHM is one of the three oldest continually-operating hospitality management programs in the United States and offers a Bachelor of Science (B.S.), Master of Professional Studies (M.P.S.) and Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) in Hospitality Management. The B.S. Degree offers an optional minor in Entrepreneurship and Innovation.

SHM has an Industry Advisory Board composed of leading hospitality industry executives who provide the school with strategic advice and strengthen SHM's industry links for such things as career placement, education, and research, as well as help faculty remain current about industry trends.  The school's alumni association is known as the Penn State Hotel and Restaurant Society and is the oldest academically affiliated alumni association at Penn State.

History
The hospitality management program at Penn State formally began in 1937 as an outgrowth of Institutional Management and was originally known as Hotel Administration.

In 1958, the program became Food Service and Housing Administration (FSHA), dividing the Hotel Administration major into two separate majors – Commercial Food Service and Institutional Resident Management.

In the 1970s, the program became focused on Service Management and Administrative Dietetics.

In 1981, the program name changed again, and the Department of Hotel, Restaurant and Institutional Management (HRIM) was formed. The department was upgraded in 1987, and the School of Hotel, Restaurant and Institutional Management was created. In 2005, the program was renamed the School of Hospitality Management.

Mateer Building and Cafe Laura

The School of Hospitality Management is located in the Mateer Building on the northwest corner of Penn State's University Park campus near the intersection of Atherton Street and Park Avenue. Mateer was completed in 1993 and is named after A. Laura Mateer and her husband M.C. "Matty" Mateer in whose memory she had donated $1.5 million to the School.  Mateer is the host to Cafe Laura, the Career Center, conference rooms, faculty offices, a computer laboratory and classrooms.

Cafe Laura, named for Laura Mateer, is the student-run restaurant located in the Mateer Building. Under the supervision of instructors, students receive hands-on restaurant experience in a laid back lunch setting and a formal theme dinner setting. Café Laura underwent a significant make-over in 2013, with an all new dining area including tables, chairs, carpeting, painting, artwork, signage, lighting fixtures, equipment and window treatments, new menus and the addition of grab-and-go equipment and service. During 2014, an additional $1.2 million renovation occurred that included a completely new servery, espresso bar, executive dining room, rest rooms, and additional lighting fixtures, carpeting, painting, artwork, signage and menus.

Penn State SHM in the news
The faculty and staff in the Penn State School of Hospitality Management are frequently referenced by local media for their expertise and classroom activities. A recent sampling includes:

2023:

"Results mixed on whether corporate social efforts help improve company finances" by Dr. Seoki Lee.

2022:

"Word choice and media exposure effected anti-Asian boycotts during the pandemic" by Dr. Chandler Yu.

"Developing an entrepreneurial foundation" highlighting faculty member Bill Kidd.

"Loyalty-reward programs can improve companies' online reviews and word-of-mouth" by Dr. Anna Mattila.

2021:
"Active listening by managers can reduce employees' feelings of job insecurity" by Dr. Phil Jolly.
"Food access and insecurity during COVID-19" by Dr. Amit Sharma.

National rankings
The Hospitality Management program at Penn State has frequently been recognized as one of the leading hospitality programs in the world, ranked number four in the world and number one in the United States for the period of 2011 to 2015.

In contributions to academic research in six top-tier academic research journals from 2000-2010, Dr. Anna Mattila was ranked as the most prolific hospitality author of the new millennium, Dr. John O'Neill was ranked in the top ten and Dr. Seoki Lee was ranked in the top 30. In a review of the second decade of the new millennium, Drs. Mattila and Lee both ranked in the top five, and Dr. O'Neill ranked in the top 30 of hospitality and tourism research.

Penn State was ranked as number four in a JHTR article regarding the top 100 hospitality programs, and ranked third in publication contributions to the Cornell Hospitality Quarterly. A research article analyzed the number of contributions in leading hospitality journals, and showed Penn State had the sixth highest number of contributions.
A Hospitality Review article ranked Penn State as the number two graduate hospitality program.
A Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Education article ranked Penn State as the number five undergraduate hospitality program,  while a Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Education article ranked Penn State as the number four undergraduate hospitality program.

Conti Professorship
The Conti Professorship was established in 1987 by alumni and friends of the Penn State School of Hospitality Management.  The professorship program honors Walter J. Conti, a former multi-unit restaurant operator and Chair of the National Restaurant Association for his contributions to the School, Penn State, and the hospitality profession.  Conti Professors are recognized leaders within the hospitality industry who visit the school to interact with students and faculty, present guest lectures in hospitality management, and speak at graduate and undergraduate colloquia. The distinguished list of over 70 Conti Professors includes some of the most recognized names in the hospitality industry, including entrepreneurs, CEOs and leading industry educators. Recent notable Conti Professors have been:

 Robin Hamm 2022 - Vice President, Social Impact, MOD Pizza
 Peggy Berg 2022 - Founder, Castell, an American Hotel and Lodging Association Foundation Project
 Ankie Hoefnagels 2022 - Professor, Global Minds Zuyd University
 Gerry Fernandez 2020-2021 - President & Founder, The Multicultural Foodservice & Hospitality Alliance
 Javid Baig 2019 - Chief Client Officer & Senior VP, Aramark
 John Miles 2018 - President & CEO, Steelite International
 Barry Bloom 2018 - President & COO, Xenia Hotels & Resorts
 Susan Morelli 2016 - Former President & CEO, Au Bon Pain
 Raymond Blanchette 2016 - President & CEO, Au Bon Pain
 Dawn Sweeney 2015 – President and CEO, National Restaurant Association
 Katherine Lugar 2015 - President and CEO, American Hotel and Lodging Association
 Daniel Lesser 2015 - President and CEO, LWHA Hospitality Advisors
 Lee Pillsbury 2014 - Chairman, Thayer Lodging Group
 Nancy Johnson 2014 - Executive VP, Industry Relations, Carlson Rezidor Hotel Group
 Danny Meyer 2013 – CEO and Founder, Union Square Hospitality
 Frits van Paasschen 2013 – President and CEO, Starwood
 John Metz 2012 - Executive Chairman, Metz Culinary Management
 Plato Ghinos 2011 - President, Shaner Hotel Group
 Bill Fortier 2011 - Senior Vice President, Development, Hilton Worldwide
 Steve Rushmore 2010 - Chairman and Founder, HVS Global Hospitality Services
 Mark Lomanno 2010 - President, STR, Inc
 Franco Harris 2009 – President and Owner, Super Bakery, Inc.

References

External links

1937 establishments in Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania State University colleges
Hospitality schools in the United States


title: Maggy Rouff

text:
Maggy Rouff (September 1, 1896– August 7, 1971) was a French fashion designer of Belgian origin.

Family and early life
Maggy Rouff was born Marguerite de Wagner in 1896, to a Belgian couple (though Madame de Wagner was German-born). In 1902, Rouff's parents opened a couture house in Paris under the name Drécoll. This was a branch of the well-known Viennese fashion house Drécoll. Founded in 1896 by Christoff von Drécoll, the fashion house was a favorite of the Austro-Hungarian imperial family. Monsieur and Madame de Wagner paid for the right to use the Drécoll name in Paris while designing their own fashions.

Career
Marguerite (Maggy) de Wagner married Pierre Besançon in October 1917 in Paris and both subsequently adopted the name Besançon de Wagner.
In 1929, Marguerite Besançon de Wagner opened a new fashion house at 136 avenue des Champs Elysees under the name Maggy Rouff.

Rouff was known for her understated sportswear designs at the beginning of her career, and later for the feminine detailing in her garments such as ruffles, shirring, and the bias cut.

In 1937, Rouff opened a London outpost at 12a Stanhope Gate, Park Lane.  The business was housed in an old home which Rouff decorated herself.

In the 1930s, Rouff headed PAIS (Association pour la Protection des Arts Plastiques et Appliques, also known as the Association pour la Protection des Industries Artistiques Saisonnieres), one of the most important anti-piracy and counterfeiting trade networks in Paris couture, which was founded by Madeleine Vionnet in 1922.

Famous clients
Maggy Rouff is listed as costume designer or as part of the costume department for twelve films between 1938 and 1961.  The latter films may have been designed by Anne-Marie Besançon de Wagner using the Maggy Rouff label.

In 1938, the "children of France" gifted Princess Elizabeth and Princess Margaret two dresses and a set of handkerchiefs.  Other well-known clients included Grace Kelly and Clarissa Churchill Eden.

Writings
Rouff wrote two books, American Seen Through the Microscope, about her travels in the United States, and Philosophy of Elegance.

Later life
Rouff retired in 1948.  Her daughter Anne-Marie Besançon de Wagner took over the business.  The house closed in 1965 after failing to attract younger customers.

References

French fashion designers
French women fashion designers
1896 births
1971 deaths
French people of Belgian descent
French people of German descent


title: I'll Remember (disambiguation)

text:
"I'll Remember" is a song by Madonna.

I'll Remember may also refer to:

Music
I'll Remember, 1959 jazz album by Tony Scott (musician)

Songs
"I'll Remember", 1962 song by R. Dean Taylor, No. 23 in Canada
"I'll Remember", 1966 song by The Kinks from Face to Face
"I'll Remember", 1986 song by The Chameleons from Strange Times
"In the Still of the Nite (I'll Remember)", 1992 song by Boyz II Men

Television
 "I'll Remember" (The Vampire Diaries), an episode of the television series The Vampire Diaries.

See also
"I Will Remember", 1995 song by Toto
"I Will Remember", 1987 song by Hard Rain


title: Eagles (film) (disambiguation)

text:
{{safesubst:#invoke:RfD||INTDABLINK of redirects from incomplete disambiguation|month = October
|day = 14
|year = 2023
|time = 06:45
|timestamp = 20231014064523

|content=#REDIRECT Eagles_(disambiguation)#Film_and_television

}}


title: Sangamon Valley Conference

text:
The Sangamon Valley Conference was an IHSA-sanctioned conference in northeastern Illinois established in 1948. The conference hosts primarily 1A-2A schools. It was the first Illinois conference to host an Indiana high school, as South Newton of Kentland, Indiana played from 2015 to 2018 to rejoin the Midwest Athletic Conference. Following the 2020-21 school year the conference disbanded.

Final members

 was called Crescent-Iroquois-Cissna Park as the host in a co-op with Crescent-Iroquois (based in Crescent City until Crescent City-Iroquois consolidated into Cissna Park in 2009.

Former Members

 DeLand-Weldon was known as DeLand before 1949.

References

External links
 Sangamon Valley Conference
 Illinois High School Association, Official Site

Illinois high school sports conferences


title: RZ Gruis

text:
RZ Gruis is a nova-like binary system in the constellation Grus composed of a white dwarf and an F-type main-sequence star. It is generally of apparent magnitude of 12.3 with occasional dimming to 13.4. Its components are thought to orbit each other roughly every 8.5 to 10 hours (much longer than most nova-like variables, which have periods of around 3 to 4 hours). It belongs to the UX Ursae Majoris subgroup of cataclysmic variable star systems, where material from the donor star is drawn to the white dwarf where it forms an accretion disc that remains bright and outshines the two component stars. The system is around 1,434 light-years away from Earth; or as much as 1,770 light years based on a Gaia parallax.

Originally named and discovered to be variable in 1949, RZ Gruis was discovered to be a cataclysmic variable after its spectrum was investigated in 1980. Considered initially to be a hot, blue B-type star, it was found to have Balmer emission lines of the hydrogen atom. If it were indeed a B-type main-sequence star (and hence lie at a remote 35,000 light-years' distance), it would lie well out of the galactic plane. The investigators proposed that the emission lines have arisen from an accretion disc around a white dwarf rather than from the star itself. The system is poorly known, though the donor star has been calculated to be of spectral type F5V. These stars have spectra very similar to novae that have returned to quiescence after outbursts, yet they have not been observed to have erupted themselves. The American Association of Variable Star Observers recommends watching this class of star for future events such as possible nova eruptions.

References

Grus (constellation)
Binary stars
Nova-like variables
Cataclysmic variable stars
Gruis, RZ


title: Honor Diaries

text:
Honor Diaries is a 2013 documentary film produced by the Clarion Project, whose films have been criticized by some for allegedly falsifying information and described as anti-Muslim propaganda. Honor Diaries explores violence against women in honor-based societies, with particular focus on female genital mutilation (FGM), violence against women and honor killings and forced marriage, and lack of access to education.

The film profiles nine women’s rights activists with origins in the Muslim (and non-Muslim) world, and follows their efforts to effect change, both within their communities and beyond. Honor Diaries premiered at the Chicago International Film Festival in October 2013 and won the Interfaith Award for Best Documentary at the St. Louis International Film Festival in November 2013. It was featured from December 2013 through April 2014 on DirecTV’s Audience Network as part of the Something to Talk About film series.

The Southern Poverty Law Center listed the Clarion Project as an "anti-Muslim hate group" in 2016-2019.

Content

Synopsis
Honor Diaries traces the work of nine women’s rights advocates who came together to engage in a discourse about gender inequality and honor-based violence. Combining in-depth interviews and round-table discussions with archival footage, the film examines human rights violations in honor-based societies, and the growing trend of honor crimes in Western societies.

Structure
Honor Diaries is divided into five main sections. The film begins with a broad analysis of women’s rights in Muslim-majority countries, drawing attention to issues such as lack of access to education and restrictions on movement. From there, the film expands on three major crimes targeting women: forced marriage, honor killings and female genital mutilation (FGM). In the final chapter, the documentary explores the rising trend of honor-based violence in Western societies, and efforts to silence voices of opposition by intimidation.

Featured interviewees
The film features in-depth interviews with nine women who represent diverse communities throughout the Muslim and non-Muslim world. The women reside in the United Kingdom, the United States, Canada and Sudan. In the documentary, the featured women share their stories from their personal lives, professional work and their struggle to fight for broad-scale change.
 Nazanin Afshin-Jam
 Nazie Eftekhari
 Manda Zand Ervin
 Fahima Hashim
 Zainab Khan
 Raheel Raza
 Jasvinder Sanghera
 Raquel Saraswati
 Juliana Taimoorazy

Production

Film production began in April 2012, prompted by producer Paula Kweskin’s participation in the Association for Women's Rights in Development conference in Turkey. There, Kweskin was introduced to numerous women’s rights activists, including Fahima Hashim, Director of the Salmmah Women’s Resource Center in Sudan and one of the featured women in Honor Diaries.

The nine women who are profiled in the film met for the first time at a gathering in June 2012 in New York. The film’s producers based the concept of the meeting on the salons of the French Enlightenment, in which women hosted assemblies of intellectuals to discuss progressive issues of the day. Subsequently, producers filmed women separately, in their home towns.

After more than a year in production, the film was completed in May 2013.

Filmmakers
 Producer and writer of Honor Diaries, Paula Kweskin, is an Israeli human rights attorney specializing in humanitarian law. She received her J.D. from the University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, and is a member of the New York Bar. Honor Diaries is Kweskin’s first film.
 Co-Producer Heidi Basch-Harod is the Executive Director of Women’s Voices Now. She is the author and editor of numerous print and online articles and op-eds that examine the rights of women in the Middle East and North Africa.
 Executive Producer Ayaan Hirsi Ali is a two-time New York Times bestselling author for her works Infidel and Nomad, and is the founder of the AHA Foundation.
 Director and Editor, Micah Smith.  His documentaries have screened in more than 40 film festivals worldwide.
 Producer and Writer, Alex Traiman. Traiman directed Iranium.
 Executive Producer Raphael Shore is an Israeli filmmaker who has produced other films such as Obsession: Radical Islam’s War Against the West, The Third Jihad: Radical Islam's Vision For America, and Iranium.

Coalition partners
The film website claims the following organizations have supported the promotion and distribution of Honor Diaries:
 AHA Foundation
 All Afghan Women's Union
 Alliance of Iranian Women
 American Islamic Forum for Democracy
 Americans Overseas Domestic Violence Crisis Center
 A Call To Men
 Breakthrough
 Canadian Women for Women in Afghanistan
 Canadian Women's Foundation
 The Clarion Project
 Congress of Racial Equality
 Cooperation Center for Afghanistan
 Council for Muslims Facing Tomorrow
 Fistula Foundation
 FORWARD
 Girls' Globe
 Karma Nirvana
 LIBFORALL
 Men Can Stop Rape
 The MILLA Project
 Nika Water
 SAFSS
 Shuhada Organization
 Tehrik-e-Niswan
 Women’s Voices Now
 World Pulse

Release and reception
Honor Diaries premiered at the Chicago International Film Festival in October 2013. One month later, the film screened at the St. Louis International Film Festival, where it won the Interfaith Award for Best Documentary. It featured throughout December 2013 on DirecTV’s Something to Talk About film series on the Audience network (Channel 239).

The international launch of Honor Diaries  coincided with International Women’s Day on March 8, 2014.

Media reception

Awards
Honor Diaries won the Interfaith Award at the St. Louis International Film Festival in 2013.

The film was nominated for a 2015 Islamophobia award, with the nomination stating it "portrays Muslims societies as misogynistic, backward, and dominated by brutal practices that oppress women and stifle  debate around practices".

See also
Duma (2011 film)

References

External links

 Antagony and Ecstasy

2013 films
Documentary films about violence against women
American documentary films
Documentary films critical of Islam
Works about female genital mutilation
Forced marriage
Documentary films about honor killing
Films about activists
2013 documentary films
2010s English-language films
2010s American films


title: Dyfi hills

text:
The Dyfi hills (sometimes anglicised to Dovey hills) are a range situated in the southernmost area of Snowdonia, bounded by the River Dyfi on the east and south sides, by the Afon Dulas on the west and the Afon Cerist to the north. They lie to the west of the Aran Fawddwy range, north-east of the Tarren y Gesail range and are a subgroup of the Cadair Idris group.

The highest peaks of the Dyfi hills are Maesglase (), Waun-oer () and Cribin Fawr () which lie at the north of the range. Further south the peaks are lower and the hills more gently rounded.

Slate quarrying
Two major veins of commercial quality slate run through the Dyfi hills, from Aberllefenni in the west, to Dinas Mawddwy in the north-east. Several commercial quarries worked these veins during the 19th and the first half of the 20th centuries. Major quarries in the area include Ratgoed on Mynydd Llwydiarth and Cymerau on Mynydd Cymerau in the west; Hendre Ddu on Mynydd Hendre-ddu, Gartheiniog on Mynydd Gartheiniog in the centre of the hills; and Minllyn on Foel Dinas just south of Dinas Mawddwy.

Forestry

The majority of the area of the Dyfi Hills was planted with forests by the Forestry Commission. Planting started in 1926, and huge areas of land were purchased between the Wars and into the 1950s and 1960s. The trees planted were mainly Sitka Spruce and Japanese Larch, though a large number of other species were also tried. The trees are regularly felled for commercial use and replanted. This forested area forms the major part of the Dyfi Forest.

Rallying
They were used as a special stage during the 2013 Wales Rally GB.

References

Mawddwy
Mountains and hills of Gwynedd
Mountains and hills of Snowdonia
Hewitts of Wales
Nuttalls
Rally GB
Dyfi Hills


title: Chisocheton amabilis

text:
Chisocheton amabilis is a tree in the family Meliaceae. It grows up to  tall with a trunk diameter of up to . The bark is grey-green. The fragrant flowers are white, sometimes pink-tipped. The fruits are round, pink ripening to bright red, up to  in diameter. The specific epithet  is from the Latin meaning "lovely". Habitat is peatswamp and riparian forests from sea-level to  altitude. C. amabilis is found in Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia and Borneo.

References

amabilis
Plants described in 1868
Trees of Sumatra
Trees of Peninsular Malaysia
Trees of Borneo
Taxa named by Friedrich Anton Wilhelm Miquel


title: Augustine Danglmayr

text:
Augustine Danglmayr (December 11, 1898 – September 18, 1992) was a bishop of the Catholic Church in the United States. He served as auxiliary bishop of the Diocese of Dallas from 1942 to 1969.

Biography
Born in Muenster, Texas, Danglmayr was educated at Subiaco Academy in Arkansas, Saint Mary Seminary in La Porte, Texas, and Kenrick Seminary near St. Louis, Missouri.  He was ordained a priest for the Diocese of Dallas on June 10, 1922.  Danglmayr was the vicar general of the diocese when on April 24, 1942 Pope Pius XII appointed him as the Titular Bishop of Olba and Auxiliary Bishop of Dallas.  He was consecrated a bishop by Archbishop Amleto Giovanni Cicognani, the Apostolic Delegate to the United States, on October 7, 1942. The principal co-consecrators were Bishop Joseph Patrick Lynch of Dallas and Auxiliary Bishop William David O'Brien of Chicago.  He continued to serve as an auxiliary bishop until his resignation was accepted by Pope Paul VI on August 22, 1969.  He died on September 18, 1992, at the age of 93.

References

1898 births
1992 deaths
People from Muenster, Texas
Kenrick–Glennon Seminary alumni
20th-century American Roman Catholic titular bishops
Catholics from Texas


title: Szabina Szlavikovics

text:
Szabina Szlavikovics (born 5 September 1995) is an inactive Hungarian tennis player.

Szlavikovics has won four doubles titles on the ITF Circuit in her career. On 6 October 2014, she reached her best singles ranking of world No. 525. On 16 October 2017, she peaked at No. 575 in the doubles rankings.

Playing for Hungary Fed Cup team, Szlavikovics has a win–loss record of 1–1.

ITF finals

Singles: 2 (0–2)

Doubles: 9 (4–5)

Fed Cup participation

Singles

Doubles

References

External links

1995 births
Living people
People from Baja, Hungary
Hungarian female tennis players
Sportspeople from Bács-Kiskun County
21st-century Hungarian women


title: North Manitou Shoal Light Station

text:
The North Manitou Shoal Light, also known as the North Manitou Light or, locally, The Crib, is a lighthouse located in Lake Michigan, southeast of North Manitou Island in Leland Township, Michigan.  When it was automated in 1980, it was the last manned offshore light in the Great Lakes.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.

History
In 1907, the Lighthouse Board recommended that the shoal north of North Manitou Island be marked with a lightship.  In 1910, Lightship No. 56 was stationed at the site, and continued there until 1927, when it was replaced by Lightship No. 89.  In 1934, Lightship No. 103 was transferred to the location, and stayed until the permanent structure was built the next year.

In 1923, the Lighthouse Board first proposed replacing the lightships with a permanent station.  However, funds were not allocated for the purpose until 1933, when they were made available through the Public Works Administration.  In 1935, the permanent steel light station was constructed on the shoal in  of water.  The station was originally manned by a three-man crew, but in 1980 the light was automated and the station abandoned. The original Westinghouse Airway Beacon light was changed and replaced several times over the years, and is currently a solar and battery powered LED beacon.

in late 2016, the lighthouse was put up for public auction by the General Services Administration. The non-profit North Manitou Light Keepers, Inc. purchased the lighthouse at auction and have undertaken a total restoration of the lighthouse.

Description
The North Manitou Shoal Light Station is a white square steel structure atop a concrete crib. The crib measures  on a side, and supports a  square superstructure rising  above the water. A two-story steel building  square, containing diesel generators and living quarters, sits atop the superstructure, and a three-story steel tower containing the light caps the whole. The steel portion is  tall and the light is positioned  above the water.

References

External links
North Manitou Light Keepers, Inc.

Lighthouses completed in 1935
Houses completed in 1935
Lighthouses on the National Register of Historic Places in Michigan
Buildings and structures in Leelanau County, Michigan
National Register of Historic Places in Leelanau County, Michigan


title: Gerardo Berodia

text:
Gerardo García Berodia (born 6 June 1981) is a Spanish professional footballer who plays as a left winger or a forward for CF Celta Barreiros.

He amassed Segunda División B totals of 235 matches and 60 goals over nine seasons, representing nine clubs. Professionally, he appeared for Lugo and Jorge Wilstermann.

Club career
Born in Madrid, Berodia joined Real Madrid in 1991 at age 10. He left seven years later and, until the age of 31, competed solely in lower league and amateur football, representing CD El Álamo, DAV Santa Ana, RSD Alcalá, CA Pinto, UD San Sebastián de los Reyes, CDA Navalcarnero, CD Leganés, Zamora CF, SD Ponferradina, UB Conquense and CD Lugo; with the latter club, he contributed seven goals in the 2011–12 season to help to promotion to Segunda División after a two-decade absence, also being featured in the playoffs against CD Atlético Baleares and Cádiz CF.

Berodia appeared in his first game as a professional on 15 September 2012, coming on as a 75th-minute substitute in a 2–4 home loss against SD Huesca. In the following transfer window, he moved abroad for the first time in his career and joined several compatriots at Club Jorge Wilstermann from the Liga de Fútbol Profesional Boliviano.

Berodia scored 14 goals in his only full campaign, notably helping his team finish fourth in the Apertura. He returned to Spain shortly after due to family reasons, signing with former side Navalcarnero.

On 10 January 2016, during a Tercera División fixture at CU Collado Villalba, Berodia netted seven times in a final 12–1 rout, as the opposition fielded only youth players in protest against the board of directors.

Personal life
After returning to Spain in the middle of 2014, finding himself unemployed, Berodia bought a taxicab to provide for his family. He continued exercising the profession still as an active player.

References

External links

1981 births
Living people
Spanish men's footballers
Footballers from Madrid
Men's association football wingers
Men's association football forwards
Segunda División players
Segunda División B players
Tercera División players
Divisiones Regionales de Fútbol players
RSD Alcalá players
UD San Sebastián de los Reyes players
CDA Navalcarnero players
CD Leganés players
Zamora CF footballers
SD Ponferradina players
UB Conquense footballers
CD Lugo players
CD Móstoles URJC players
CF Rayo Majadahonda players
Bolivian Primera División players
C.D. Jorge Wilstermann players
Kings League players
Spanish expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in Bolivia
Spanish expatriate sportspeople in Bolivia


title: Ephedra pedunculata

text:
Ephedra pedunculata, common name Clap-weed, vine Mormon tea or Comida de Vívora, is a plant species native to southern Texas and to Mexico as far south as Zacatecas. It grows in sandy or rocky slopes and outcrops.

Most species of Ephedra (called "Mormon tea") are shrubs, but Ephedra pedunculata is a trailing or clambering woody vine up to  long. Bark is gray, becoming cracked with age. Leaves are opposite, up to  long. Microsporangial (pollen-producing cones) are 1–2 mm long, compared to less than 1 mm in many other species. Seed cones are  long, each containing 2 ellipsoid seeds  long.

References

pedunculata
Plants described in 1883
Flora of Texas
Flora of Mexico


title: 2 On

text:
"2 On" is the debut single by American singer Tinashe for her debut studio album Aquarius (2014). The song features a guest verse from American rapper Schoolboy Q. Both artists wrote the song with Bobby Brackins, and features production from DJ Mustard, Jon Redwine, and DJ Marley Waters, who are also credited as songwriters. It features a sample from the 2005 single "We Be Burnin'" by Jamaican recording artist Sean Paul, resulting in writing credits for Cezar Cunningham, Sean Paul, Steven Marsden, Delano Thomas, Michael Jarrett, and Craig Serani Marsh. "2 On" was released as Tinashe's commercial debut single from Aquarius on January 21, 2014 and was sent to US rhythmic contemporary, urban contemporary on March 18, 2014, and to contemporary hit radio on July 30, 2014.

"2 On" is an R&B song that contains elements of trap production. Lyrically, the song is a party song about living life to the fullest. Music critics mostly praised the song for its sound and carefree lyrics, and "2 On" was also noted by critics as a departure from Tinashe's murky alternative R&B that was part of her previous songs. The single peaked at number 24 on the US Billboard Hot 100 and number one on US rhythmic radio, was the second-most played song of 2014 on the format, and was certified platinum by the RIAA. The song also reached the top forty in Australia. As of , it remains Tinashe's only appearance on the Billboard Hot 100 as a lead artist.

The accompanying music video for the track was directed by Hannah Lux Davis and was released on March 24, 2014, with Tinashe dancing in several different scenes. To further promote the song, Tinashe made various live performances, including the SXSW Festival, the Power 106 LA concert, Capital Xtra, Rinse FM, V100.7/Milwaukee's Family Affair and  The Wendy Williams Show. Canadian rapper Drake released an unofficial rework of the song to his SoundCloud account; the song consisted of two parts, the new version of "2 On" and "Thotful". An official Spanish remix featuring reggaeton singer Randy was released on November 18, 2014, and later included on his mixtape Under Doxis.

Background

"2 On" was written by Tinashe, Schoolboy Q and Bobby Brackins and produced by DJ Mustard, Jon Redwine and DJ Marley Waters. It is nightclub-oriented, which contrasts with Tinashe's previous work such as her 2013 mixtape Black Water. She stated: "I wanted '2 On' to be transitional, so people get used to the idea of, 'She can make songs that can play on the radio, and she can still make songs that I can vibe out to in my car.'" "2 On" was released worldwide as a music download by RCA Records on January 21, 2014. It impacted US rhythmic contemporary, urban contemporary on March 18, 2014, and contemporary hit radio on July 30, 2014.

Composition

"2 On" is an R&B song, marking a slight departure from the murky alternative R&B from her mixtapes. The song features "effervescent keys", "synth-string accents", finger snaps, trap hi-hats, electro beats and distant chilly sighs, the latter which Bradley Stern of MuuMuse described as more reminiscent of her mixtape releases. The song features a sample of Sean Paul's 2005 single "We Be Burnin'", with the line "Just give me the trees and we can smoke it ya/Just give me the drink and we can pour it ya" featured in the middle eight. As a result, the song's writers (Cezar Cunningham, Sean Paul Henriques, Steven Marsden, Delano Thomas, Michael Jarrett, and Craig Serani Marsh) are credited. The song is written in the key of F♯ minor and has 101 beats-per minute.

Lyrically, the song is a carpe-diem anthem about being "super hyped up, super extra out on whatever emotion that it is." Although the song became her first hit and got a lot of people buzzing about the song, some listeners didn't really understand the concept of the meaning of "2 On." She spoke with VladTV to address this by saying "2 On is basically a new way of saying turn up. Being super hyped up with your friends when going out. I just wanted to come up with a fresh phrase that people can catch on to."

Reception

J. Leeds of the online publication Idolator praised the song's production calling it a "club thumper" and comparing the music video choreography to Britney Spears and Janet Jackson Tom Breihan of Stereogum commented on the throwback feel from the track saying "2 On recreates some of the tropes of the late-’90s/early-’00s teenpop/R&B crossover era, but it does it within quotes" and also comparing the video having an Aaliyah vibe on it.
Gotty, a writer for The Smoking Section, commented that "made me want to rollerskate. Maybe not as rhythmic and polished as Tip and them did in ATL but I could definitely hit the rink, do a little bop once I get some speed and cut the corners." Gotty also commended DJ Mustard's production, writing "it’s not necessarily what we’ve come to expect as his signature sound and that’s a good thing here."

Bradley Stern of MuuMuse classified the song as a "female version of Tyga‘s “Rack City" and 2 Chainz‘ "I’m Different" (both also produced by Mustard) mixed with the icy flow of Cassie's "Me & U," blending #TurnUp club culture (TURN DOWN FOR WHAT?!) with hypnotic minimal beats – it's all sorts of sexy." Jon Ali, in his blog, appraised the song as "a hot slow-burning R&B number packed with an icy electro beat and a infectious chorus loaded with plenty of memorable sexual come-ons. The song works so well in its simplicity" and the sample used as "all sorts of perfect."
A writer for Fact Magazine opined that "Tinashe and Mustard are a surprisingly potent pairing, but we hoped rappers would leave the “beat the pussy up" schtick in the bin." John Kennedy of Billboard noted that "ScHoolboy Q's rambunctious bars give this feel-good smash just the right amount of scruffiness."
"2 On" was labeled an album highlight by several critics.

Pitchfork named "2 On" as one of the 200 best songs of the decade, praising the track as "widescreen and intricately sculpted: its curling, high-toned bassline seems to whir and chime, and its descending roll of pizzicato synth-drums are so ear-catching that they compete with the gorgeous vocal melody. [...] Tinashe’s sensuous, slurred lingering over the chorus “I luuuuu to get 2 on" is joyous and life-affirming, a million miles from the deadened hedonism of so much trap. Dissolution has never sounded so delicious".

Following its release the song has peaked at number 24 on the Billboard Hot 100, number 53 on the UK Singles Chart and stayed at number one for four weeks on the Billboard Rhythmic Charts. As of August 8, 2014, "2 On" has sold 473,000 downloads in the US. On November 24, 2014 the song was certified Platinum by RIAA for selling 1,000,000 copies.

Promotion
The song's official music video, directed by Hannah Lux Davis, was released on March 24, 2014. One of the songwriters, Bobby Brackins, makes a cameo. Speaking about the choreography, handled by JaQuel Knight, in the video, Tinashe listed Michael Jackson, Janet Jackson and Britney Spears as her inspirations, "I was always super frustrated when people stopped dancing in their videos because I thought that was such a great part of it. I really want to bring that back."

Tinashe first performed the song at SXSW Festival 2014. Also, at the Power 106 LA concert, Capital Xtra, Rinse FM, V100.7/Milwaukee's Family Affair, The Vipor Room and Hot 97's Who's Next. Drake also invited her on stage to perform the remix to the song in Houston.
Tinashe performed the song on The Wendy Williams Show on July 21, 2014.

Cover versions
On May 12, 2014, OB O'Brien posted an unofficial rework of the song to his SoundCloud account, featuring vocals from Drake. The song consists of two parts, the new version of "2 On" and "Thotful". The song begins with O'Brien singing a verse before Drake takes over. The cover transitions into "Thotful", the second part of the song which according to a writer for Rap-Up magazine "toasts to the thots." The remix also features references to Wu-Tang and Flipmode and in regards to its production, J. Tinsley of The Smoking Section called it "an updated version of what a So Far Gone 2 would sound like." Reviews were positive towards Drake's take on the song. Chris DeVille of Stereogum called the track "an entertainingly moody passive-aggressive R&B/hip-hop mash the likes of which Drake patented sometime around late 2009." Jesse James of StupidDOPE lauded it as "dope showcasing of depth and lyrical prowess," adding that it "shall be heard in a number of rides, clubs, and much more very soon." Samantha Nelson of Examiner.com called his verse "classic Drake", deeming it a "smart take on the title of the song but makes it more dramatic" and that it "will please all of his fans."
Recording artist and rapper Brooke Candy released an unofficial remix on her SoundCloud on June 17, 2015. It reached more than 8 million plays in the platform.

Credits and personnel
Locations and sample
 Mixed at Larrabee Sound Studios, North Hollywood, California
 Contains elements of "We Be Burnin'", performed by Sean Paul and written by Cezar Cunningham, Sean Paul, Steven Marsden, Delano Thomas, Michael Jarrett and Craig Serani Marsh.

Personnel
 Songwriting –  Bobby Brackins, Tinashe Kachingwe, Dijon "DJ Mustard" McFarlane, Jon Redwine, Brendon Waters, Quincey "Schoolboy Q" Hanley, Cezar Cunningham, Sean Paul, Steven Marsden, Delano Thomas, Michael Jarrett and Craig Serani Marsh
 Production – Dijon "DJ Mustard" McFarlane, Redwine, DJ Marley Waters
 Mixing – Jaycen Joshua, Ryan Kaul (assistant)

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Certifications

Release history

References

External links

Songs about cannabis
2013 songs
2014 debut singles
Tinashe songs
Schoolboy Q songs
RCA Records singles
Music videos directed by Hannah Lux Davis
Song recordings produced by Mustard (record producer)
Songs written by Mustard (record producer)
Songs written by Schoolboy Q
Songs written by Nate Walka
Songs written by Tinashe
Songs written by Bobby Brackins
Songs written by Sean Paul
Songs written by Steven "Lenky" Marsden


title: Isaac Lodewijk la Fargue van Nieuwland

text:
Isaac Lodewijk la Fargue van Nieuwland (1726–1805), was an 18th-century painter from the northern Netherlands.

Biography
He was born in The Hague to Jan Thomas la Fargue and was the younger brother of Paulus Constantijn la Fargue.  His other siblings Maria Margaretha, Karel and Jacob Elias also became painters.  In 1768 he became a member of the Confrerie Pictura. He engraved some of the portraits in the Tooneel der uitmuntende schilders van Europa, a dictionary of painters that was illustrated by his brother Paulus Constantijn. Perhaps because of this work, he is known more for portraits than landscapes.
He died in The Hague.

References

Isaac Lodewijk la Fargue van Nieuwland on Artnet

1726 births
1805 deaths
18th-century Dutch painters
18th-century Dutch male artists
Dutch male painters
Painters from The Hague


title: Steeplechase at the Olympics

text:
The steeplechase at the Summer Olympics has been held over several distances and is the longest track event with obstacles held at the multi-sport event. The men's 3000 metres steeplechase has been present on the Olympic athletics programme since 1920. The women's event is the most recent addition to the programme, having been added at the 2008 Olympics. It is the most prestigious steeplechase track race at elite level.

The Olympic records for the event are 8:03.28 minutes for men, set by Conseslus Kipruto in 2016, and 8:58.81 minutes for women, set by Gulnara Galkina in 2008. The IAAF officially recognises men's steeplechase world records after 1954, but unofficial world records were set in 1928, 1936 and 1952. Anders Gärderud's time of 8:08.2 minutes from 1976 remains the only ratified men's steeplechase world record at the Olympics.  Galkina's time was also a world record.

Only two athletes have won multiple Olympic steeplechase titles Volmari Iso-Hollo (1932 and 1936) and Ezekiel Kemboi (2004 and 2012). Competitors in the steeplechase are normally event-specialists, although former champions Iso-Hollo, Ville Ritola and Kipchoge Keino all won Olympic medals in other distance running events.

In spite of not reaching the podium until 1968, Kenya is the most successful nation in the steeplechase. It has won every men's title since 1968, with the exceptions of 1976 and 1980, which Kenya boycotted. It had medals sweeps in 1992 and 2004. Finland is the next most successful nation with four gold medals. Finland in 1928 and Sweden in 1948 also have had medal sweeps. Kenya is also the most successful nation in the developing women's event, winning three of the nine medals awarded since women started running the event in the Olympics, plus Kenyan-born and still resident, 2016 champion Ruth Jebet switched allegiance to Bahrain for financial reasons. She has been banned for doping since 2018.

Format
The steeplechase made its first Olympic appearance at the 1900 Summer Olympics, which had men's races over two distances: one of 2500 metres and another of 4000 metres. The 1900 Games also held two further races over the 2500 m distance, with one for professionals only and one with a special handicap system – these are no longer considered official Olympic events. In 1904 an unusual 2590 m distance was used and this was extended to 3200 m at the 1908 edition.

By 1920, the event was standardised at 3000 metres with 28 barriers and 7 water jumps, the format in which it remains to this day. In 2008 the women's event was added to the programme, also over 3000 metres.

The men's 3000 metres steeplechase in 1932 was actually 3460 metres, due to an error in lap counting. The bell to announce the final lap failed to ring at the correct time, and so the athletes ran an extra lap of the track.

Disqualifications
Runners in the steeplechase are required to vault over all barriers and water jumps, and failure to do so results in disqualification. The first such disqualification at the Olympics occurred in 1908 when British athlete Thomas Downing was disqualified for incorrectly passing around the first water jump.

As in other track events, runners are not permitted to cut inside the inner track limits as this would shorten the race distance, and any athletes who do so are disqualified. The most notable occasion of this took place at the men's 2016 event, when 2-time Olympic gold medallist Ezekiel Kemboi was disqualified for this infringement after finishing third. This promoted French athlete Mahiedine Mekhissi-Benabbad into third place, and thus made Mekhissi-Benabbad the first athlete to win three Olympic medals in the steeplechase, instead of Kemboi.

Doping
All athletes who participate in Olympic events must adhere to the World Anti-Doping Code. Since the women's event began in 2008, there have been multiple incidents of doping violations leading to retroactive disqualification.

In 2016, doping samples from the 2008 games were found and re-tested. Third place finisher Yekaterina Volkova's sample was found to contain traces of prohibited substances and she was disqualified, promoting fellow Russian Tatyana Petrova into the bronze medal position.

First place finisher in the 2012 women's steeplechase, Yuliya Zaripova of Russia, was found in 2016 to have taken banned substances and her results in athletic events from 20 July 2011 to 25 July 2013 were erased. This promoted Tunisian Habiba Ghribi to first place, and IOC Vice-President Nawal El Moutawakel awarded her with an Olympic gold medal in a special ceremony on 4 June 2016. Spanish athlete Marta Domínguez was also found to be guilty of doping violations, and was disqualified from her 12th place finish at the same event.

Medal summary

Men

Multiple medalists

Medals by country

Women

Medalists by country

Other distances

2500 metres

2590 metres

3200 metres

4000 metres

References
Participation and athlete data
Athletics Men's 3,000 metres Steeplechase Medalists. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-02-07.
Athletics Women's 3,000 metres Steeplechase Medalists. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-02-07.
Olympic record progressions
Mallon, Bill (2012). TRACK & FIELD ATHLETICS - OLYMPIC RECORD PROGRESSIONS. Track and Field News. Retrieved on 2014-02-07.
Specific

External links
IAAF 3000 metres steeplechase homepage
Official Olympics website
Olympic athletics records from Track & Field News

Olympics
Steeplechase


title: Hashem Shabani

text:
Hashem Shabani (, died 27 January 2014), also known as Hashem Shabaninejad, was an ethnic Ahwazi Arab citizen of the Islamic Republic of Iran. He was a high school teacher of Arabic language and literature, a poet in both Arabic and Persian, and an activist who promoted Arabic culture and literature in Iran. In February 2011, government authorities arrested Shabani and four other Ahwazis.

In December 2011, in a programme on Iran's Press TV, which Shabani and two other Ahwazi Arabs confessed to being part of an armed Arab terrorist group. Human rights groups say these confessions were coerced under torture. In July 2012, Shabani and the four others arrested with him were sentenced to death on charges of Moharebeh ("waging war on God"), sowing corruption on earth, acting against national security, and spreading propaganda against the Islamic Republic.

The Iranian Supreme Court upheld the death sentences in January 2013, and on 27 January 2014, Shabani was executed along with fellow Ahwazi Arab Hadi Rashedi.

Biography
Until his arrest, Shabani resided in Ramshir (known in Arabic as Khalafabad) in Iran's Khuzestan Province with his wife and one child. He worked as a teacher of Arabic language and literature in a local high school. He was also known as a poet in Arabic and Persian, and founded the Dialogue Institute, which promoted Arabic culture and literature in Iran.

He held a bachelor's degree in Arabic language literature and education and a master's degree in political science from Ahwaz University.

Arrest
In February 2011, Shabani was arrested along with four others Iranian Arabs - Hadi Rashedi, Mohammad-Ali Amouri and the brothers Mokhtar and Jaber Alboshokeh. Their arrests were considered part of a broader government crackdown at the time against Iran's Arab minority. According to Amnesty International, these individuals were detained "apparently in connection with their cultural activities, such as organizing events in the Arabic language, conferences, educational courses, art classes, and poetry recital gatherings".

Televised confession
On 13 December 2011, Press TV, the English-language network of the government-run Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting, broadcast a "documentary" featuring Shabani, Rashedi, and another Arab man, Taha Heidarian. In the program, Shabani and Rashedi confessed "to being part of an armed Arab terrorist group called the Al-Moqawama al-Shaabiya ('People’s Movement'), which was responsible for shooting at four government employees". Press TV said that the United States and the United Kingdom supported this terrorist group.

Human rights groups maintain that the confessions "were coerced under duress and torture during their detention at a local Intelligence Ministry facility, and that they denied the charges against them in court". Reported examples of torture are a broken pelvic bone suffered by Rashedi, and that Shabani's feet were placed in boiling water to make him confess.

Death sentence
On 7 July 2012, a Revolutionary Court sentenced Shabani and the four other Arabs arrested in February 2011 to death on charges of Moharebeh ("waging war on God"), as well as "sowing corruption on earth, propaganda against the Islamic Republic and acting against national security". Amnesty International said that the confessions of Shabani and Rashedi shown on Press TV were "in violation of international standards for fair trial". In January 2013, the Iranian Supreme Court upheld their death sentences.

Execution
On 29 January 2014, reports emerged that Shabani and Rashedi had been executed. In violation of Iran's own legal regulations, authorities had executed the two men without first notifying their families or attorneys. The hangings reportedly took place on 27 January in an undisclosed prison after Iranian President Hassan Rouhani approved the sentences.

References

1980s births
Iranian torture victims
21st-century executions by Iran
People executed by Iran by hanging
2014 deaths
Ahwazi Arabs
People from Khuzestan Province
2014 in Iran
Iranian Arabic-language poets


title: Fritz Bühlmann

text:
Fritz Ernst Bühlmann (22 March 1848 – 7 January 1936) was a Swiss politician and President of the Swiss National Council (1900/1901).

Works

External links

Members of the National Council (Switzerland)
Presidents of the National Council (Switzerland)
1848 births
1936 deaths


title: Ivan Perić

text:
Ivan Perić (born 5 May 1982 in Pristina, SFR Yugoslavia) is a Serbian footballer.

Club career
Perić began his career in 2002 in the First League of Serbia and Montenegro with FK Obilić later with FK Zemun. In 2005, he played abroad in the Kazakhstan Premier League with FC Shakhter Karagandy. After a season in Asia he played in the Ukrainian Premier League with Arsenal Kiev. The following season he played in the K League 1 with Jeju United FC, and later returned to Shakhter Karagandy in 2008. During his second tenure with Shakhter he featured in the 2008–09 UEFA Cup against Debreceni VSC.

In 2010, he played with FC Zhetysu, and later with FC Aktobe. Throughout his time with Aktobe he played in the 2010–11 UEFA Champions League against Hapoel Tel Aviv, and Olimpi Rustavi. He also participated in the 2010–11 UEFA Europa League against AZ Alkmaar. In 2011, he played with FC Ordabasy, and in 2013 returned to Zhetysu. In 2014, he played in the TFF First League with Mersin İdman Yurdu.

On 18 June 2014, Perić moved to Albania where he signed with Kukësi on a one-year deal. Kukësi beat the concurrence of Albanian champions Skënderbeu Korçë who wanted to purchase the player after the departure of fellow Croatian striker Pero Pejić. He made his unofficial debut with the team against Macedonian side Metalurg Skopje, where he and Sokol Cikalleshi scored the goals of the 2–0 win. He played in the 2014–15 UEFA Europa League against FC Kairat. In 2015, he played in the Canadian Soccer League with Brampton United.

References

External links

1982 births
Living people
Serbian men's footballers
Mersin Talim Yurdu footballers
Serbian expatriate men's footballers
FK Zemun players
FC Arsenal Kyiv players
Jeju United FC players
FC Shakhter Karagandy players
FC Zhetysu players
FC Aktobe players
FC Ordabasy players
FC Taraz players
FK Kukësi players
Brampton City United FC players
Kategoria Superiore players
Ukrainian Premier League players
TFF First League players
Kazakhstan Premier League players
K League 1 players
Canadian Soccer League (1998–present) players
Expatriate men's footballers in Ukraine
Expatriate men's footballers in Turkey
Expatriate men's footballers in South Korea
Expatriate men's footballers in Kazakhstan
Expatriate men's footballers in Albania
Serbian expatriate sportspeople in Turkey
Men's association football forwards
Footballers from Pristina


title: Ulrich Meister

text:
Ulrich Meister (4 January 1838 – 3 February 1917) was a Swiss politician and President of the Swiss National Council (1902).

References

External links

Members of the National Council (Switzerland)
Presidents of the National Council (Switzerland)
1838 births
1917 deaths


title: Clemens Iten

text:
Clemens Iten (24 February 1858 – 16 January 1932) was a Swiss politician and President of the Swiss National Council (1902).

Works

External links

 Universität Zürich: Clemens Iten

Members of the National Council (Switzerland)
Presidents of the National Council (Switzerland)
1858 births
1932 deaths


title: Andreas Ivan

text:
Andreas Ivan (; born 10 January 1995) is a Romanian professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder or winger for the German club  Schalke 04 II.
Ivan spent the first part of his senior career in the lower leagues of Germany, representing Stuttgarter Kickers, Rot-Weiss Essen, Wuppertaler SV and SV Waldhof Mannheim respectively. In the summer of 2018, aged 23, he signed for New York Red Bulls in the Major League Soccer.

Club career

Early years
A native of Pitești, Romania, Ivan began his career in the youth ranks of German clubs VfB Stuttgart and Karlsruher SC, before moving to Stuttgarter Kickers where signed his first professional contract on 1 January 2014. He made his professional debut on 9 February that year, appearing as a starter in a 1–0 victory over VfB Stuttgart II.

At the start of 2016, he joined regional league team Rot-Weiss Essen, where he won the Lower Rhine Cup 3–0 against Wuppertaler SV on 28 May. In the 2017 winter break, Ivan moved to league rivals Wuppertaler SV. Ivan scored his first two goals for the club on 25 February 2017, in a 4–1 victory over Rot Weiss Ahlen.

In the summer of 2017, Ivan signed a one-year contract with SV Waldhof Mannheim. On 4 September 2017, Ivan netted his first goal for "the Waldhof Boys" in a 2–0 victory over FSV Frankfurt. In his sole season at the club, Ivan made 31 appearances and scored eight goals.

New York Red Bulls

On 8 July 2018, it was reported that Ivan had rejected a trial with Hamburger SV and would be joining Major League Soccer team New York Red Bulls. On 20 July, the signing was officially announced by the American side. He made his debut by appearing as a second-half substitute in a 1–0 victory over Chicago Fire, on 11 August.

He scored his first competitive goal for the Red Bulls on 27 February 2019, helping to a 3–0 victory over Dominican club Atlético Pantoja in the CONCACAF Champions League's round of 16. Three days later, he also recorded his first MLS goal after opening the scoring with a header in an eventual 1–1 draw with Columbus Crew.

On 14 August 2019, Ivan was waived by New York.

Further career
On 30 January 2020, Ivan returned to Germany, joining Regionalliga Südwest club VfR Aalen on a contract until the end of the season. He appeared in two league games for the club and was released at the end of the season after his contract expired.

Ivan signed a two-year contract with fellow Regionalliga Südwest club Sonnenhof Großaspach in August 2020. He agreed the termination of his contract on 31 August 2021, the last day of the 2021 summer transfer window. He then moved to Rot Weiss Ahlen.

Schalke 04
On 27 July 2022, Ivan agreed to join Schalke 04, where he was initially assigned to the reserve team. He made his Bundesliga debut for the first team of Schalke on 24 January 2023, coming on as a substitute in the 46th minute in a 6–1 home defeat against RB Leipzig.

International career
Born in Romania, Ivan represented Germany at under-19 level, earning a cap on 5 March 2014 in a 1–1 draw with Italy. In 2015, he was convoked by his native country for the under-21 team.

Career statistics

Club

Honours
Rot-Weiss Essen
Lower Rhine Cup: 2016

New York Red Bulls
Supporters' Shield: 2018

References

External links

1995 births
Living people
Footballers from Pitești
Romanian emigrants to Germany
Romanian men's footballers
Men's association football wingers
3. Liga players
Regionalliga players
Bundesliga players
Stuttgarter Kickers players
Rot-Weiss Essen players
Wuppertaler SV players
SV Waldhof Mannheim players
VfR Aalen players
SG Sonnenhof Großaspach players
Major League Soccer players
USL Championship players
New York Red Bulls players
New York Red Bulls II players
FC Schalke 04 II players
FC Schalke 04 players
Germany men's youth international footballers
Romania men's under-21 international footballers
Romanian expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in Germany
Romanian expatriate sportspeople in Germany
Expatriate men's soccer players in the United States
Romanian expatriate sportspeople in the United States


title: Karel la Fargue

text:
Karel la Fargue (1738–1793), was an 18th-century Dutch painter from the northern Netherlands.

He was born in The Hague to Jan Thomas la Fargue and was the younger brother of Paulus Constantijn la Fargue. His other siblings Maria Margaretha, Jacob Elias and Isaac Lodewijk also became painters.
In 1768 he became a member of the Confrerie Pictura, along with his brother Isaac.
He is known for topographical views like his older brother.  He died in The Hague.

In 1998, over 200 years after his death he was unmasked as a prolific forger of seventeenth-century Dutch drawings all detailed in the Oud Holland Magazine.

References

Karel la Fargue on Artnet

1738 births
1793 deaths
18th-century Dutch painters
18th-century Dutch male artists
Dutch male painters
People from Voorburg
Painters from The Hague