title: 2014 Singapore League Cup

text:
The 2014 Singapore League Cup was the eighth season of Singapore's premier club football tournament organised by Football Association of Singapore, and also known as the 2014 StarHub League Cup for sponsorship reasons.

For the second year in succession, National Football League clubs will participate in the tournament. Unlike the previous season where NFL sides had to compete in play-offs to earn the right to represent the league against the professionals, the representatives in this edition qualified through the league positions from last season.

The 2014 Singapore League Cup plate final was played between Tampines Rovers and Balestier Khalsa at the Jalan Besar Stadium in Kallang, Singapore. Miljan Mrdaković, who scored a hat-trick in the semi-finals against Police Sports Association, reproduced another hat-trick to clinch the plate for Tampines. He becomes the first player in history to score two hat-tricks in the tournament, and consecutively.

The 2014 Singapore League Cup final was played between Tanjong Pagar United and Brunei DPMM at the Jalan Besar Stadium in Kallang, Singapore. Brunei DPMM eliminated Tanjong Pagar United by a score of 2–0 to lift the League Cup trophy.

Teams
The top ten clubs from 2013 S.League were divided into three pots based on their final league positions. Developmental sides Harimau Muda and Young Lions have opted out of participation in this year's edition as they will be on a training tour in Austria. League positions of the previous season are shown in parentheses.

 Police SA and Singapore Recreation Club are clubs from the NFL. They finished champions and runners-up respectively in the first division.

Round and draw dates
The schedule of the competition was as follows. The draw took place on 20 June at the Jalan Besar Stadium, during which the teams were drawn by various club representatives.

Format
The preliminary phase was a competition between the 12 teams divided among four groups of three, where each group engaged in a round-robin tournament within itself. The two highest ranked teams in each group advanced to the knockout phase. The third-placed team in each group entered the plate knockout phase. Teams were awarded 3 points for a win and one for a draw.

Tie-breaking criteria for group play

The ranking of teams in each group was based on the following criteria:
 Number of points
 Goal difference
 Number of goals scored
 Head-to-head record between tied teams
 Drawing of lots

The knockout phase involved the eight teams that qualified from the preliminary phase of the tournament, while the plate knockout phase involved the four teams that finished third in the preliminary phase of the tournament. For the knockout phase, there were three rounds of matches, with each round eliminating half of the teams entering that round, whereas for the plate knockout phase, there were two rounds of matches, with each round eliminating half of the teams entering that round. For each game in the knockout phase, a draw was followed by thirty minutes of extra time (except the final); if scores were still level there would be a penalty shoot-out to determine who progressed to the next round.

Preliminary phase
The preliminary phase began on 7 July and will conclude on 15 July. There were some changes to the fixtures released.

Changes to fixtures
 Group B: Tampines Rovers v Warriors was postponed from 10 July to 12 July due to technical faults.
 Group C: Home United v Singapore Recreation Club has been postponed from 11 July to 14 July.
 Group C: Woodlands Wellington v Singapore Recreation Club was brought forward from 14 July, 8pm to 11 July, 8.15pm.

All times listed below are in Singaporean official time (UTC+8).

Group A

Group B

Group C

Updated to games played on 11 July 2014.

Group D
{|
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Knockout phase
The knockout phase involved the eight teams that qualified from the preliminary phase of the tournament. There are three rounds of matches, with each round eliminating half of the teams entering that round. The successive rounds were: quarter-finals, semi-finals, and final. For each game in the knockout phase, a draw was followed by thirty minutes of extra time (except the final); if scores were still level there would be a penalty shoot-out to determine who progressed to the next round.

Quarter-finals

Semi-finals

Final

Plate knockout phase
The plate knockout phase involved the four teams that finished third in the preliminary phase of the tournament. There are two rounds of matches, with each round eliminating half of the teams entering that round. The successive rounds were: semi-finals and final. For each game in the plate knockout phase, a draw was followed by thirty minutes of extra time (except the final); if scores were still level there would be a penalty shoot-out to determine who progressed to the next round.

Plate semi-finals

Plate final

Statistics

Goalscorers
6 goals

  Miljan Mrdaković (TAM)

4 goals

  Goran Ljubojević (BAL)
  Roy O'Donovan (DPMM)
  Firdaus Idros (TPU)

3 goals

  Kazuki Sakamoto (ALB)
  Kazuya Okazaki (ALB)
  Norihiro Kawakami (ALB)
  Rodrigo Tosi (DPMM)
  Ahmad Latiff (TPU)
  Agu Casmir (WAR)

2 goals

  Itsuki Yamada (ALB)
  Adi Said (DPMM)
  Hafiz Nor (GLI)
  Leonel Felice (GLI)
  Lee Kwan-woo (HOM)
  Geison Moura (HOU)
  Jake Butler (TAM)
  Jozef Kapláň (TAM)
  Noh Alam Shah (TAM)
  Monsef Zerka (TPU)
  Sébastien Etiemble (TPU)
  Chang Jo-yoon (WLW)

1 goal

  Kaoru Nishio (ALB)
  Kazuya Fukuzaki (ALB)
  Keisuke Ota (ALB)
  Boris Raspudić (DPMM)
  Fuad Ramli (GLI)
  Kento Fukuda (GLI)
  Mustaqim Manzur (GLI)
  Thorsten Schneider (GLI)
  Bruno Castanheira (HOM)
  Fazli Ayob (HOM)
  Indra Sahdan Daud (HOM)
  Kwon Da-kyung (HOM)
  Sirina Camara (HOM)
  Qiu Li (HOM)
  Yasir Hanapi (HOM)
  Diego Olivera (HOU)
  Faiz Salleh (HOU)
  Nurhilmi Jasni (HOU)
  Daniel Razali (PSA)
  Ang Zhiwei (TAM)
  Chris van Huizen (TAM)
  Mustafić Fahrudin (TAM)
  Asraf Rashid (TPU)
  Bah Mamadou (WLW)

Own goals

  Abdul Aziz (DPMM) for ALB
  Joe Gamble (DPMM) for ALB
  Neezam Aziz (WAR) for GLI

Source:

Hat-tricks

See also
 S.League
 Singapore FA Cup
 Singapore Cup
 Singapore Charity Shield
 Football Association of Singapore
 List of football clubs in Singapore

References

2014
League Cup
2014 domestic association football cups
July 2014 sports events in Asia


title: Chase Baird

text:
David "Chase" Baird (born March 18, 1988) is an American saxophonist and composer.

Biography

Early life
Baird was born in Seattle, Washington. He was introduced to music at an early age by his father, a trumpet player who played in rock bands and doubled on an eclectic collection of instruments, including saxophone, flute, Rhodes, synthesizer and percussion. His family moved to Salt Lake City, Utah, in 1996. He began to play the saxophone around age ten, eventually studied jazz and improvisation for several years with saxophonist Alan Braufman.

During his teenage years, Baird became highly influenced by the music of saxophonist Michael Brecker. A chance encounter with drummer Jeff Hamilton inspired Baird to try to connect with Brecker directly for music lessons. After making contact via Brecker's manager, Brecker agreed to meet in person next time he traveled through Salt Lake City in early 2003.  Although brief, Baird cites Brecker's mentorship around this time as influential on the trajectory of his career.

In 2004, Baird's family relocated to the San Francisco Bay Area. He began to collaborate with other young musicians, including pianist Julian Waterfall Pollack. He graduated from Acalanes High School in Lafayette, California in 2006.

2006–present
Baird attended Diablo Valley College for one year, where he studied psychology. He later transferred to California State University, Long Beach to study music, notably with saxophonists Eric Marienthal, Sal Lozano and Jay Mason and program director Jeff Jarvis. He left the program after two years and eventually relocated to New York City, where he enrolled at The Juilliard School (studying with Ron Blake, Steve Wilson, Joe Temperley, Frank Kimbrough, Rodney Jones, Kendall Briggs and others) and completed an undergraduate degree in 2014.

In 2009, he was featured in the soundtrack to Emancipated, a film by P.K. Ziainia with music by composer Rodrigo Denis.

Baird recorded and released his debut album, Crosscurrent, in 2010, featuring pianist Julian Waterfall Pollack, guitarist John Storie, bassist Christopher Tordini, drummer Steve Lyman and percussionist James Yoshizawa.

Baird joined drummer Antonio Sánchez's group Migration in 2018, recording both saxophone and Electronic Wind Instrument on the group's critically acclaimed album Lines in the Sand. He also began to co-lead the band Venture, alongside drummer Mike Clark, vibraphonist Mark Sherman and electric bassist Felix Pastorius. The group released their first album Life Cycle on Ropeadope Records.

Baird released A Life Between, his second album as a leader in August 2019. The recording features Brad Mehldau, Antonio Sánchez, Nir Felder and Dan Chmielinski. He collaborated with drummer Steve Lyman to compose, record and produce the electro-acoustic composition Pulsar, later released in July 2020.

He has also worked alongside jazz and fusion artists including Mike Stern, Antonio Farao, Aaron Parks, Thana Alexa, Dennis Chambers, Gary Grainger, Gene Perla, Dan Tepfer, Jeremy Green, Victor Wooten, Keith Carlock, Circuit Kisser and the Mingus Big Band, among others. His work as a featured soloist with the Kyle Athayde Dance Party has garnered over one million views on YouTube. In the pop and rock genres, he performed with Chaka Khan, Matthew Morrison, Jakob Dylan, Diana Degarmo, Chloe Agnew and Morgan James.

Selected discography

As leader
Pulsar (Outside In Music, 2020) with Steve Lyman, J3PO (Julian Pollack) & Dan Chmielinski
A Life Between (Soundsabound Records, 2019) with Brad Mehldau, Nir Felder, Dan Chmielinski and Antonio Sanchez
Crosscurrent (Junebeat Records, 2010) with Julian Pollack, John Storie, Chris Tordini, Steve Lyman and James Yoshizawa

As co-leader
Life Cycle (Ropeadope Records, 2018) with Mark Sherman, Felix Pastorius and Mike Clark

As sideman
Michael & Me – Jeremy Green feat. Victor Wooten, Keith Carlock and Chase Baird (Independent, 2020)
Force Tranquille – Jean-marie Corrois (Independent, 2020)
Faking The Moon Landing – Circuit Kisser (Soundsabound Records, 2019)
Lines in the Sand – Antonio Sanchez & Migration (CAM Jazz, 2018)
Language of Sound and Spirit – Joshua Maxey (Independent, 2012)
Hunter –  Morgan James (Epic, 2014)
Celebration of Soul –  Joshua Maxey (Independent, 2015)

References

External links

1988 births
Living people
Post-bop saxophonists
American jazz saxophonists
American male saxophonists
American jazz composers
American male jazz composers
Juilliard School alumni
21st-century American saxophonists
21st-century American male musicians
Caleb Chapman's Crescent Super Band members


title: Burna

text:
Burna may refer to:

People
Burnaburiash I, (c. 1500 BC), Babylonian king
Burna-Buriash II (reigned 1359–1333 BC), Babylonian King
Burna Boy (born 1990), Nigerian musician
Jay Burna (born 1989), American hip hop recording artist
L-Burna (Layzie Bone, born 1974), American rapper
Mama Burna, mother and manager of Burna Boy
Tel Burna, an archaeological site in Israel

Places
Burna, Kentucky, an American community
Burnas Lagoon, a marine lagoon in Ukraine


title: Joseph Richardson (1755–1803)

text:
Joseph Richardson (1755–1803) was an English author and politician.

Life
Born at Hexham, Northumberland, he was the only child of Joseph Richardson, a tradesman there. He was educated at Haydon Bridge school, and admitted sizar at St John's College, Cambridge, on 4 July 1774. His father's means were insufficient for the complete education of his son, and the cost of his residence at college was borne by a titled lady of Northumberland who discovered his talents, but in 1778 she cut off her contributions. Although he was readmitted as pensioner on 25 September 1780, he left the university without taking a degree.

Richardson, intended as he was for the church, entered the Middle Temple on 24 March 1781, where he was duly called to the bar. In London he in fact concentrated on journalism, and after appearing as counsel in a few contested election petitions, gave up the legal profession.

Richardson's earliest journalistic post was on the staff of The Morning Post, then still a Whig paper, and he later became one of its proprietors. While connected with the Post he fought a duel in Hyde Park with Sir Henry Bate Dudley, and was wounded in the right arm. He also contributed letters, signed "Englishman", to a paper called The Citizen.

Richard Wilson, Member of Parliament for  and an old friend, introduced Richardson to the Duke of Northumberland. The Duke's influence brought him the seat of Newport in Cornwall in Parliament, from 1796 until his death. He never had the confidence to speak in the House of Commons.

For many years Richard assisted Richard Brinsley Sheridan in the management of Drury Lane Theatre, and ultimately acquired a share in the property. (The money for this purchase was mainly from the Duke of Northumberland, and on Richardson's death the Duke cancelled the loan.) His comedy, The Fugitive, was brought out at the King's Theatre in the Haymarket by the Drury Lane Company with success on 20 April 1792, and, when printed, passed through three editions. The prologue was by Richard Tickell and the epilogue by John Burgoyne. Richardson also wrote the prologue to the Glorious First of June, the after-piece which was acted at Drury Lane on 2 July 1794 for the benefit of the widows and children of the sailors who died at the naval battle of that name.

Despite failing health, Richardson stuck to the rigorous parliamentary life. One night he remained in the House of Commons until five o'clock in the morning to record his vote in the small minority with Charles James Fox. He then went to the Wheatsheaf Inn, near Virginia Water, and died on 9 June 1803. He was buried in Egham churchyard on 13 June.

Works
As a satirist, Richard was best known for his contributions to the Rolliad and the Probationary odes—publications each of which passed through 21 editions. For the former Richardson wrote Nos. 4, 10, and 11 in part i. and 3 and 4 in part ii.; while for the latter he wrote Nos. 4 and 19, the Delavaliad, other poems, and much of the prose. He wrote many other fugitive pieces for the Whigs, and contributed to the Political Miscellanies (1790). His best-known satire was entitled Jekyll, an Eclogue (see under Joseph Jekyll). He published for his party in 1787 an anonymous pamphlet, called The complete Investigation of Mr. Eden's Treaty, which embodied reputable commercial statistics.

Sarah Richardson published by subscription Literary Relics of the late Joseph Richardson (1807). This included the play The Fugitive, a few short poems, and a sketch of his life, written by John Taylor. Some letters by Richardson are in Samuel Parr's Works and in Thomas Moore's Sheridan.

Family
Richardson's wife Sarah, a relative of Isaac Watts, survived him, with four daughters.

Notes

Attribution

1755 births
1803 deaths
English male journalists
English dramatists and playwrights
Alumni of St John's College, Cambridge
Members of the Middle Temple
People from Hexham
Members of the Parliament of Great Britain for Newport (Cornwall)
British MPs 1790–1796
British MPs 1796–1800
Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for Newport (Cornwall)
UK MPs 1801–1802
UK MPs 1802–1806
English male dramatists and playwrights
English male poets


title: Chetopa Township, Wilson County, Kansas

text:
Chetopa Township is a township in Wilson County, Kansas, in the United States.

History
Chetopa Township was established in 1870. It was named for Chief Chetopa, an Osage Indian chief.

References

Townships in Wilson County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas


title: Mario Turco

text:
Mario Turco (born 21 March 1956) is a former Australian rules footballer who played for the East Fremantle Football Club in the West Australian Football League and for the North Melbourne Football Club in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

Turco played for the WA Schoolboys that won the national championships in 1971 and made his debut for East Fremantle in 1974 and was a member of their 1979 and 1985 WAFL Premiership winning teams.  He was recruited by North Melbourne in 1980, but only played nine games for them over three seasons.

References

External links

Living people
1956 births
North Melbourne Football Club players
East Fremantle Football Club players
Australian rules footballers from Western Australia


The Streamlining Energy Efficiency for Schools Act of 2014 () is a bill that would require the United States Department of Energy to establish a centralized clearinghouse to disseminate information on federal programs, incentives, and mechanisms for financing energy-efficient retrofits and upgrades at schools. The bill would require the DOE to collect the data from all federal agencies and store it in one place online.

The bill was introduced into the United States House of Representatives during the 113th United States Congress.

Provisions of the bill
This summary is based largely on the summary provided by the Congressional Research Service, a public domain source.

The Streamlining Energy Efficiency for Schools Act of 2014 would amend the Energy Policy and Conservation Act to direct the United States Secretary of Energy (DOE), acting through the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, to act as the lead federal agency for coordinating and disseminating information on existing federal programs and assistance that may be used to help initiate, develop, and finance energy efficiency, renewable energy, and energy retrofitting projects for schools.

The bill would require the Secretary to: (1) carry out a review of existing programs and financing mechanisms available in or from appropriate federal agencies with jurisdiction over energy financing and facilitation that are currently used or may be used for such purposes; (2) establish a federal cross-departmental collaborative coordination, education, and outreach effort to streamline communication and promote available federal opportunities and assistance for such projects that enables states, local educational agencies, and schools to use existing federal opportunities more effectively and to form partnerships with governors, state energy programs, local educational, financial, and energy officials, state and local officials, nonprofit organizations, and other appropriate entities to support project initiation; (3) provide technical assistance for states, local educational agencies, and schools to help develop and finance projects that meet specified requirements; (4) develop and maintain a single online resource website with contact information for relevant technical assistance and support staff in the Office for states, local educational agencies, and schools to effectively access and use federal opportunities and assistance to develop such projects; and (5) establish a process for recognition of schools that have successfully implemented such projects and are willing to serve as resources for other local educational agencies and schools to assist initiation of similar efforts.

Congressional Budget Office report
This summary is based largely on the summary provided by the Congressional Budget Office, as ordered reported by the House Committee on Energy and Commerce on April 30, 2014. This is a public domain source.

H.R. 4092 would require the Secretary of Energy to establish a centralized clearinghouse to disseminate information on federal programs, incentives, and mechanisms for financing energy-efficient retrofits and upgrades at schools. The bill would direct the Secretary to work with other federal agencies to develop a comprehensive list of such federal programs and to streamline efforts to publicize them through education and outreach.

Based on information from the Department of Energy (DOE) about current levels of spending for similar efforts, the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) estimates that enacting H.R. 4092 would not significantly affect the federal budget. We estimate that any additional costs incurred by DOE to expand existing efforts to promote opportunities to boost energy efficiency of schools under H.R. 4092 would total less than $500,000 annually, assuming the availability of appropriated funds. H.R. 4092 would not affect direct spending or revenues; therefore, pay-as-you-go procedures do not apply.

H.R. 4092 contains no intergovernmental or private-sector mandates as defined in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act and would impose no costs on state, local, or tribal governments.

Procedural history

The Streamlining Energy Efficiency for Schools Act of 2014 was introduced into the United States House of Representatives on February 26, 2014, by Rep. Matthew A. Cartwright (D, PA-17). The bill was referred to the United States House Committee on Energy and Commerce and the United States House Energy Subcommittee on Energy and Power. The bill was scheduled to be voted on under a suspension of the rules on June 23, 2014.

Debate and discussion
Rep. Cartwright, who introduced the bill, argued that "the bill is a strategic and cost-saving investment to relieve the fiscal pressure felt by schools across the country while bringing us closer to energy security." Cartwright cited statistics from Energy Star indicating that schools in the United States spend $6 billion a year on energy bills, the second largest category of spending after personnel.

ASHRAE, formerly the "American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air Conditioning Engineers", supported the bill. The U.S. Green Building Council also supported the bill, saying that it "aims to make important improvements to existing federal policies."

See also
List of bills in the 113th United States Congress

References

External links

Library of Congress - Thomas H.R. 4092
beta.congress.gov H.R. 4092
GovTrack.us H.R. 4092
OpenCongress.org H.R. 4092
WashingtonWatch.com H.R. 4092
Congressional Budget Office's report on H.R. 4092
House Energy Committee markup of H.R. 4092

United States proposed federal environmental legislation
Energy in the United States
Proposed legislation of the 111th United States Congress
Proposed legislation of the 112th United States Congress
Proposed legislation of the 113th United States Congress
Proposed legislation of the 114th United States Congress
Proposed legislation of the 115th United States Congress
Proposed legislation of the 116th United States Congress
2014 in the environment
Open environmental policy proposals


title: Topsy Turvy (song)

text:
"Topsy Turvy" is a song from Disney's 1996 animated feature The Hunchback of Notre Dame. The song is 5:37 minutes long and is performed by Clopin.

Synopsis
The song is sung by the film's gypsy narrator Clopin. It is performed as he introduces the Feast of Fools, and continues up until they crown Quasimodo as the King of Fools.

Christian Answers recounts the scene thus: "During the celebration, he is crowned 'King of the Fools' and finds himself falling instantly in love with the gypsy dancer Esmeralda. Joy turns quickly to sorrow as the crowd cruelly mocks and rejects him for his misshapen appearance, failing to see the charm which lies below his odd looks."

Composition and context
This song and "A Guy Like You" use "the Broadway line-dancing technique of stopping the song and then progressing its bloated performance from a standstill to proper tempo."

Critical reception
BBC.com wrote "Alongside the demonic is some nicely hammy comedy. 'Topsy Turvy' is a big showtime number with a slapstick MC and a swelling chorus." ChristianAnswers wrote "the song for the celebration, describes very well the rest of the story as Quasimodo’s world turns upside down."  Filmtracks wrote "The gypsy song 'Topsy Turvy' is a carnival-like, French-styled piece for the Feast of Fools; the static pounding of the title lyric is extremely irritating." Spoonful wrote "'Topsy Turvy' is a sight to see-and dance along with."

References

Songs from The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1996 film)
1996 songs
Disney Renaissance songs
Songs written by Stephen Schwartz (composer)
Songs with music by Alan Menken
Song recordings produced by Alan Menken
Songs about parties


title: Pleasant Valley Township, Wilson County, Kansas

text:
Pleasant Valley Township is a township in Wilson County, Kansas, in the United States.

History
Pleasant Valley Township was established in 1870.

References

Townships in Wilson County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas


title: Black Lake (Sioux Narrows-Nestor Falls)

text:
Black Lake is a lake in the municipality of Sioux Narrows-Nestor Falls, Kenora District in Northwestern Ontario, Canada. It is part of the Hudson Bay drainage basin, and is on the Black River, which is its primary inflow at the east and outflow at the southwest.

Tributaries
Black River
Graphic Creek
Johnny Creek

See also
List of lakes in Ontario

References

Other map sources:

Lakes of Kenora District


title: Colfax Township, Wilson County, Kansas

text:
Colfax Township is a township in Wilson County, Kansas, in the United States.

History
Colfax Township was established in 1870. It was named for Schuyler Colfax.

References

Townships in Wilson County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas


title: Berberis nepalensis

text:
Berberis nepalensis is a shrub in the Berberidaceae described as a species in 1825.

In Chiang Mai Province, Thailand, a species of rust fungus Pucciniosira cornuta (synonym of Gambleola cornuta ) infects Berberis nepalensis.

References

Flora of Nepal
nepalensis
Plants described in 1825


title: Talleyrand Township, Wilson County, Kansas

text:
Talleyrand Township is a township in Wilson County, Kansas, United States.

History
Talleyrand Township was established in 1871. It may be named for Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord.

References

Townships in Wilson County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas


title: B. nepalensis

text:
B. nepalensis may refer to:

 Bellulia nepalensis, a Nepalese moth
 Berberis nepalensis, a shrub with edible berries
 Boreoheptagyia nepalensis, a non-biting midge
 Bradycellus nepalensis, a ground beetle


title: Duck Creek Township, Wilson County, Kansas

text:
Duck Creek Township is a township in Wilson County, Kansas, United States.

History
Duck Creek Township was established in 1871.

References

Townships in Wilson County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas


title: Newark Township, Wilson County, Kansas

text:
Newark Township is a township in Wilson County, Kansas, United States.

History
Newark Township was established in 1871. It was named after Newark, Ohio.

References

Townships in Wilson County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas


title: Augsburg-Stadt (electoral district)

text:
Augsburg-Stadt (English: Augsburg City) is an electoral constituency (German: Wahlkreis) represented in the Bundestag. It elects one member via first-past-the-post voting. Under the current constituency numbering system, it is designated as constituency 252. It is located in southwestern Bavaria, comprising the city of Augsburg.

Augsburg-Stadt was created for the inaugural 1949 federal election. Since 2013, it has been represented by Volker Ullrich of the Christian Social Union (CSU).

Geography
Augsburg-Stadt is located in southwestern Bavaria. As of the 2021 federal election, it comprises the independent city of Augsburg-Stadt and the municipality of Königsbrunn from the district of Landkreis Augsburg.

History
Augsburg-Stadt was created in 1949. In the 1965 through 1972 elections, it was named Augsburg. In the 1949 election, it was Bavaria constituency 41 in the numbering system. In the 1953 through 1961 elections, it was number 236. In the 1965 through 1998 elections, it was number 238. In the 2002 and 2005 elections, it was number 253. Since the 2009 election, it has been number 252.

Originally, the constituency was coterminous with the independent city of Augsburg. It acquired its current borders in the 1998 election.

Members
The constituency has been held by the Christian Social Union (CSU) during all but one Bundestag term since its creation. It was first represented by Josef Ferdinand Kleindinst from 1949 to 1957, followed by Otto Weinkamm from 1957 to 1965. Anton Ott was representative from 1965 to 1972. Max Amling of the Social Democratic Party (SPD) was elected in 1972 and served one term. Stefan Höpfinger regained the constituency for the CSU in 1976, and served until 1990. Christian Ruck was then representative from 1990 to 2013. Volker Ullrich was elected in 2013, and re-elected in 2017 and 2021.

Election results

2021 election

2017 election

2013 election

2009 election

References

Federal electoral districts in Bavaria
1949 establishments in West Germany
Constituencies established in 1949
Augsburg
Augsburg (district)


title: 2015 National Invitation Tournament

text:
The 2015 National Invitation Tournament was a single-elimination tournament of 32 NCAA Division I teams that were not selected to participate in the 2015 NCAA tournament. The annual tournament is being played on campus sites for the first three rounds, with the Final Four and championship game being held at Madison Square Garden in New York City. The tournament began on Tuesday, March 17 and ended on Thursday, April 2. On February 6, the NCAA announced the 2015 NIT will use a 30-second shot clock (same as its WNIT counterpart) and a  restricted-area arc as experimental rules for the 2015 tournament. On March 4, the NCAA announced teams that are marked as the first four teams left out of the 2015 NCAA tournament field will be the top-seeded teams in the 2015 NIT.

Participants

Automatic qualifiers
The following teams earned automatic berths into the 2015 NIT field by virtue of having won their respective conference's regular season championship but failing to win their conference tournaments or receive an at-large NCAA bid.

At-large bids
The following 20 teams were also awarded NIT berths.

Seeds

Schedule

*Game times in Eastern Time. #Rankings denote tournament seeding.

Bracket
The following teams were listed as the "First Four Out" of the NCAA tournament and received #1 seeds: Old Dominion, Richmond, Temple, Colorado State.

#3 Illinois played at #6 Alabama due to State Farm Center renovations.

* Denotes overtime period

Media
ESPN, Inc. has exclusive television rights to all NIT games. It will telecast every game across ESPN, ESPN2, ESPNU and ESPN3. Since 2011, Westwood One has held exclusive radio rights to the semifinals and championship. In 2015, Dave Ryan and Kelly Tripucka called these games for Westwood One.

See also
 2015 Women's National Invitation Tournament
 2015 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament
 2015 NCAA Division II men's basketball tournament
 2015 NCAA Division III men's basketball tournament
 2015 NCAA Division I women's basketball tournament
 2015 NCAA Division II women's basketball tournament
 2015 NCAA Division III women's basketball tournament
 2015 NAIA Division I men's basketball tournament
 2015 NAIA Division II men's basketball tournament
 2015 NAIA Division I women's basketball tournament
 2015 NAIA Division II women's basketball tournament
 2015 College Basketball Invitational
 2015 CollegeInsider.com Postseason Tournament

References

National Invitation
National Invitation Tournament
2010s in Manhattan
National Invitation Tournament
Basketball in New York City
College sports in New York City
Madison Square Garden
National Invitation Tournament
National Invitation Tournament
Sports competitions in New York City
Sports in Manhattan


title: Prairie Township, Wilson County, Kansas

text:
Prairie Township is a township in Wilson County, Kansas, in the United States.

History
Prairie Township was established in 1872. It was named from its setting upon the prairie.

References

Townships in Wilson County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas


title: Great Seal of Newfoundland and Labrador

text:
The Great Seal of Newfoundland is a seal used to authenticate documents issued by the government of Newfoundland and Labrador that are released in the name of the King in Right of Newfoundland and Labrador, including the appointment of the Executive Council and Ministers (the Cabinet).

Design
The fisherman kneeling before Britannia, a colonial image, was replaced by the coat of arms, with "Newfoundland" written near the bottom curve on a scroll. Encircling the top are the words "Elizabeth II D.G. Canadæ Regina".

History
The earliest documented Great Seal of Newfoundland received royal approval from King George IV on 1 September 1827. It depicts Mercury, the classical god of commerce and merchandise, presenting to Britannia a fisherman who, kneeling, offers her his catch. Below are the words Hæc Tibi Dona Fero (Latin: These gifts I bring thee) and written around the circumference of the seal is Sigillum Terræ Novæ Insulæ – "Seal of the Island of Terra Nova".

In 1837, when Queen Victoria took the throne of England, she approved a new seal for Newfoundland. Britannia, Mercury and the Newfoundland fisherman occupy the bottom two thirds and are contained within an elaborate frame. Above sit the royal arms, with a lion and unicorn on either side. Written around the top edge of the circular seal are the words Victoria Dei Gratia Britanniæ Reg F D (Victoria, by the grace of God, Queen of the Britains, Defender of the Faith), and the bottom edge reads Sigillum Terræ Novæ Insulæ (Seal of the Island of Terra Nova).

Keeper
The keeper of the Great Seal is the Lieutenant Governor of Newfoundland and Labrador.

See also
Symbols of Newfoundland and Labrador
Monarchy in Newfoundland and Labrador

References

Newfoundland and Labrador, Great Seal of
Provincial symbols of Newfoundland and Labrador
Monarchy in Canada


title: Webster Township, Wilson County, Kansas

text:
Webster Township is a township in Wilson County, Kansas, in the United States.

History
Webster Township was established in 1890.

References

Townships in Wilson County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas


title: GeoSpy

text:
GeoSpy was an outdoor recreational activity which combines geographic locations and maps with photography in a location-based game. To play the game requires a camera and a mobile Global Positioning System (GPS) device.

There are several goals in the game, but the primary one is to find and create objects through pictures of objects and places which are uploaded to the game's website.

To create an object the participant requires a complete knowledge about the object, and the GPS coordinates and photos of the object that the participant has taken. Similarly, existing objects can be secured by visiting and photographing the object and posting the photo on the game’s website as proof that the competitor visited the object. The objects are divided into different categories namely Civil, Religious & Historical, Natural, Technical and Military objects with further sub-categories such as hospitals, museums, factories, memorials, etc.

Participants in the game are called spies.

See also

 Augmented reality
 Benchmarking (geolocating)
 Encounter (game)
 Geocaching
 Geohashing
 Location-based game
 Munzee
 Orienteering
 Puzzlehunt
 Questing
 Transmitter hunting
 Waymarking

References

External links
 GeoSpy Website

Global Positioning System
Hobbies
Internet object tracking
Outdoor locating games


title: Indirect inference

text:
Indirect inference is a simulation-based method for estimating the parameters of economic models. It is a computational method for determining acceptable macroeconomic model parameters in circumstances where the available data is too voluminous or unsuitable for formal modeling.

Approximate Bayesian computation can be understood as a kind of Bayesian version of indirect inference.

Core idea
Given a dataset of real observations and a generative model with parameters  for which no likelihood function can easily be provided.
Then we can ask the question of which choice of parameters  could have generated the observations.
Since a maximum likelihood estimation cannot be performed, indirect inference proposes to fit a (possibly misspecified) auxiliary model to the observations, which will result in a set of auxiliary model parameters  after fitting. This is done repeatedly for the output of the generative model for different . We then seek a fitted model with parameters  so that the generative process with parameters  could have generated the observations.
By using the auxiliary model as an intermediary, indirect inference allows for the estimation of the generative model's parameters even when the likelihood function is not easily accessible. This method can be particularly useful in situations where traditional estimation techniques are not feasible or computationally prohibitive.

See also
Method of simulated moments

Literature
 Drovandi, Christopher C. "ABC and indirect inference." Handbook of Approximate Bayesian Computation (2018): 179-209. https://arxiv.org/abs/1803.01999

References

Estimation methods
Macroeconomics


title: Almost Royal

text:
Almost Royal is a British-American faux-reality television comedy series on the BBC America network. It is their first original first-run comedy series. It follows the lives of two clueless British aristocrat siblings—Georgie and Poppy Carlton—visiting the United States for the first time. The series stars Ed Gamble and Amy Hoggart as Georgie and Poppy, respectively. It is produced by Burning Bright Productions and premiered on June 21, 2014. Although Georgie and Poppy are both portrayed by actors, the Americans with whom they interact are not aware of this. On December 4, 2014, the show was renewed for an eight-episode second season, which started airing on January 18, 2016.

Plot
The series begins after Georgie and Poppy's father suffers a fatal accident. His dying wish was for his children to travel to the United States, a country he loved. Thus, Georgie and Poppy travel across the Atlantic, first to Los Angeles, then to Boston, and other well-known American cities. Georgie hopes to become more manly from learning about the United States, while Poppy hopes to procure a job that does not require very much work, such as acting. Georgie and Poppy often try out new things they deem "American" such as shooting guns, meeting a barista, making a Twitter account, and working at a car repair shop. Usually, Poppy takes the spotlight even in areas she is bad at, and Georgie compliments Poppy no matter her skill level. In the introduction to every episode their ranking in line to inherit the throne changes, always 50 or more places away.

Episodes

Season 1

Season 2

Critical reception
According to review aggregator website Metacritic, Almost Royal has a score of 71%, indicating "generally favorable reviews". One favorable review was written by Brian Lowry for Variety, who praised the show for its "...mix of deft writing and [Amy and Ed]'s deadpan improvisational skills." On Rotten Tomatoes, Almost Royal's season 1 has an aggregate score of 75% based on 9 positive and 3 negative critic reviews.  The website's consensus reads: "Almost Royal refreshingly lampoons both American and British cultures without abjection and benefits from Gamble and Hoggart's keen improvisational skills."

International airings
Almost Royal began airing on E4 in the UK on August 9, 2014 and on The Comedy Channel in Australia on November 23, 2015.

References

External links

IMDB page for Almost Royal

2010s American mockumentary television series
2014 American television series debuts
2016 American television series endings
BBC America original programming
Improvisational television series
Fictional royalty


title: Verdigris Township, Wilson County, Kansas

text:
Verdigris Township is a township in Wilson County, Kansas, in the United States.

History
Verdigris Township was named from the Verdigris River, where pioneer settlers built their first cabins.

References

Townships in Wilson County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas


title: Fall River Township, Wilson County, Kansas

text:
Fall River Township is a township in Wilson County, Kansas, in the United States.

History
Some of the first settlements in Fall River Township were built on the Fall River, hence the name.

References

Townships in Wilson County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas


title: Adele Chatfield-Taylor

text:
Adele Chatfield-Taylor (born June 29, 1945) is an American arts administrator. She served as president and CEO of the American Academy in Rome from 1988 to 2013.

Education, career, and honors
Virginia-born and bred
Chatfield-Taylor received a B.A. from Manhattanville College in 1966 and an M.S. from the Graduate School of Architecture, Planning, and Historic Preservation at Columbia University in 1974. From 1973 to 1980, she was on the staff of the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission.

She was a Loeb Fellow at the Harvard Graduate School of Design in 1978-1979 and Executive Director of the New  York Landmarks Preservation Foundation from 1980 to 1984.  From 1984 to 1988, she was director of the Design Arts Program for the National Endowment for the Arts, where she helped establish the Mayors' Institute on City Design in 1986.

She was a Rome Prize Fellow at the American Academy in Rome in 1983-1984, conducting a comparative analysis of American and Italian preservation practices.  Appointed president of the American Academy in 1988, Chatfield-Taylor oversaw the rehabilitation of its historic buildings and grounds and led a highly successful fundraising campaign to secure the institution's solvency.

She was a Fellow of the New York Institute for the Humanities from 1983 to 1990 and a member of the U.S. Commission of Fine Arts from 1990 to 1994, and was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1996.

In 2002, Chatfield-Taylor was awarded the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic.  In 2010, she was awarded the Vincent Scully Prize from the National Building Museum.

In 2018, the Saint Nicholas Society awarded her the Medal of Merit recognizing her outstanding ability and service to the City of New York.

Personal

Adele Chatfield-Taylor is married to the playwright John Guare.

References

Living people
Manhattanville College alumni
People from Virginia
Columbia Graduate School of Architecture, Planning and Preservation alumni
Place of birth missing (living people)
1945 births


title: Harley Valentine

text:
Harley Valentine (born November 4, 1983) is a contemporary Canadian artist based in Toronto, Ontario. Valentine is best known for his metal-plate biomorphic sculptures that build on the formalism of mid-century American sculptors, such as Alexander Calder, and John McCraken. His sculptures have been internationally recognized. and commissioned by the federal government of Canada. He is currently completing a major sculpture commission The Dream Ballet, for the Sony Centre for the Performing Arts Plaza, in front of Daniel Libeskind’s L Tower residence building in Toronto, Ontario.

Important sculpture works include:

 Persephone
 Blue Bird
 The Dove
 Dream Ballet

In 2014, alongside architect David Binder, Valentine unveiled "The 30 Carabob Quartet", which was the first outdoor sculpture park in Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario. The four sculptures of the series came from Valentine's first large scale sculpture series The Barbarians. That series was first exhibited at The Campbell House museum in 2013.

Aside from sculpture, he sparked his early career with photographic collages of iconic urban topographies, such as Parisian landmarks and American Architecture.

Style

Valentine often invites the role of performance, film and photography in the creation and presentation of his works, as seen in his 2014 short video project, "The Dance of The Dove", featuring a stop motion collage of a Canadian ballerina dancing around Valentine "Dove" sculpture.

Valentine employs 3D modelling and printing in the creation of his monumental works. He uses the Makerbot z18 to make these 3D printed maquettes, which Valenitne has said he considers as artworks themselves, staging the prototype prints next to full scale works in exhibition. This style of working from model to monument is profiled in the video From Model to Monument.

His sculptures and photo-sculptural works focus on the theme of collapse and the rebirth of civilizations, while questioning the constructs of a glorious, unattainable past.

Inspiration

In a national newspaper interview profiling Valentine when he was named among Canada's "Worthy 30", the artist said he takes his inspiration every morning from a Picasso lithograph, his most prized possession. "It’s my golden chalice. I drink from its creativity every morning." He has said that two seminal ancient sculptures, "The Diskobolus of Myron and Lacoön and His Son, serve as his ongoing "spiritual navigators." Canadian painter, and co-Toronto citizen, Charles Pachter also inspired and influenced Valentine's work.

Selected works
 Parisian Mirrored Gateways

Gateways is a luxurious, experimental series of digital photo-sculptural work, deconstructing iconic Paris landscapes on large-scale mirrors. The project dealt with the illusions of a Parisian promised land, every artist's and hopeless romantic's fairytale of a creative Elysium. By re-arranging, inverting, and folding in upon themselves iconic Paris landmarks, such as the Champs-Élysées and Pont Neuf, the city and its myth are dissected into its molecular building blocks. Printed on door-sized mirrors using an experimental process, Valentine challenges the viewer to reflect on their own complicity, and desires, in creating the Paris myth.

 Sony Center/ L-Tower

In 2013, Valentine completed production of his first major public art installation, The Dream Ballet, which is to be unveiled at the Claude Cormier-designed Sony Centre Plaza, in front of Daniel Liebeskind's L-Tower residence. For Valentine, being awarded this commission was "nothing if not a career-defining project for an artist not yet out of his 20s."

The project consists of a triptych designed in homage to the National Ballet of Canada's four-decade residence at the site; the three sculptures depict abstracted ballet dancers in various dynamic positions

 The North Pole

In February 2013, Valentine unveiled his controversial sculpture The North Pole, which plays on themes of aboriginal art and global warming, at the De Luca Fine Arts gallery. For it, Valentine cast in bronze a seven-foot, 100-year-old narwhal tusk. Drawing on a desire to bring attention to the receding arctic ice floes, as well as the controversial decision to re-appropriate a symbol generally reserved for Aboriginal artists, he insisted he " wanted to emphasize that the tusk is a miracle of creation in its own right, not just the source of a luxurious material for doing other things"

 Riflessi Monument

Valentine's Riflessi: Italian Canadian Internment Memorial, was unveiled on Wednesday, June 26, 2013 at the Columbus Centre. The reflective, metal plated monument, standing atop a checkered marble platform, "explores the struggles and successes of the Italian Canadian immigrant story and the Italian Canadian internment history."

Funded by the government of Canada, the event was attended by Hon. Julian Fantino, Minister of International Cooperation, and former Canadian Senator Hon. Consiglio Di Nino, as well as families of interned Italian-Canadians. The Canadian minister said Valentine's work helped "us all recognize the experiences of the Italian-Canadian community and ensure that the stories are not lost. This is the reason why today’s unveiling […] is such an important contribution in helping to preserve this part of our national narrative."

 Persephone

Valentine’s Persephone'' was the first public sculpture acquired for Humber College's Lakeshore Campus. It features a modern interpretation of Persephone, the Greek goddess of Spring. The nine-foot tall sculpture is prominently placed in a high traffic area of the college campus, allowing students and faculty to interact with it. "Sometimes the sculpture adopts a tall, quiet presence, while at other times students purposively interact with it through observance and discussion."

Barbarians at the Gate

This outdoor public installation was named as one of the Best Art Shows of 2013 by the Huffington Post.

Barbarians is a series of five colorful, abstract metal sculptures installed throughout the grounds of the historic Campbell House Museum in downtown Toronto. The show created a stark contrast between the Campbell's 19th-century architecture and Valentine's 21st-century sculptures. Inspired by the mythical creatures of ancient Greece, including the Minotaur and Cerberus, the exhibition "raised questions about the collapse and rebirth of civilizations; about creative destruction; and whether the new replaces the old, or the old is the hidden engine of the new."

The 30 Carabob Quartet

This sculpture park was the first of its kind to be created in the Toronto suburb of Scarborough. A co-operative effort with architect David Binder, Valentine transposed the sculptures from the Barbarian series to this residential tower landscape, for this permanent, free public exhibit. The creators of the project both say they were inspired and driven to enliven the urban landscape with this installation.

Exhibitions

 Alison Milne Gallery, Canadiana past times and destructive paths 2009
 One 800 Gallery, The New American Dream 2010
 Neubacher Shor Gallery, PARIS 2011
 DeLuca Fine Art, How we roll 2012
 Alison Milne Gallery, Portal 2013

References

External links

1983 births
Living people
Artists from Ontario
People from Grimsby, Ontario
Canadian contemporary artists
20th-century Canadian sculptors
21st-century Canadian sculptors


title: Alamang

text:
Alamang (in Bugis language, sometimes Halamang or Lamang) or Sonri (in Makassarese language) is a sacred sword or cutlass of the Bugis and Makassarese people in Sulawesi, Indonesia.

Description
A sword with a flattened, heavy and deeply indented hilt. The blade's edge and back are straight and parallel. The back curves towards the edge at the point. The Alamang has a straight, plain scabbard with sometimes a small foot. The scabbard's mouth is somewhat broadened.

Cultural
The Alamang is a symbol of sovereignty, prosperity, and dignity of a kingdom. It is said that in the past the king would not leave his kingdom without his Alamang. As it is considered as the greatness of the kingdom, certainly the Alamang is very exclusive. Nobody including the empu (Kris maker) or blacksmith that have sworn, are allowed to make copies the Alamang for it is the weapon of the king. Those who failed to abide by this law were executed.

See also

Dua Lalan
Penai (sword)
Moso (sword)

References

Further reading

Weapons of Indonesia


title: Clifton Township, Wilson County, Kansas

text:
Clifton Township is a township in Wilson County, Kansas, in the United States.

History
Clifton Township was named after Clifton, Bristol, England.

References

Townships in Wilson County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas


title: Center Township, Wilson County, Kansas

text:
Center Township is a township in Wilson County, Kansas, in the United States.

History
Center Township was named from its position at the geographical center of Wilson County.

References

Townships in Wilson County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas


title: Kollárovci

text:
Kollárovci (Kollár Brothers) is a Slovak folk group formed in 1997, though their first album was not released until 2006. The group performs Slovak folk songs in the Podhale subdialect, which is a mix of Polish and Slovak. All members alternate between singing and playing instruments. Kollárovci is made up of three Kollár brothers and three other musicians. The group performs mostly in Poland and the Czech Republic, where they play on Šlágr TV.

Personnel
Tomáš Kollár — fiddle
Štefan Kollár — saxophone, clarinet, accordion
Marek Kollár — second fiddle
Juraj Švedlár — contrabass
Július Michal Hudi — dulcimer
Patrik Červenák - drums
Peter Rončík - guitar

Discography

Albums
 Z Kolačkova parobci
 Keď chlapci hrajú
 Hej tam od Tater
 Pozdrav zo Slovenska
 Dievčatá
 Vianoce s Kollárovcami
 Goraľu cy či ne žaľ

External links

 Kollárovci po siedmykrát a stále originálni
 folklornet.com
 Kollárovci: Muzikanti z Kolačkova dobýjajú srdcia doma aj za hranicami

Slovak musical groups
Folk music groups
Musical groups established in 1997


title: Neodesha Township, Wilson County, Kansas

text:
Neodesha Township is a township in Wilson County, Kansas, United States.

History
Neodesha is an Osage Indian name meaning "meeting of the waters", or, the confluence of the Verdigris and Fall rivers.

References

Townships in Wilson County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas


title: Mario Gooden

text:
Mario Gooden (born 1965) is an architect in the United States. He is the director at Mario Gooden Studio based in New York, New York. He was previously the principal of Huff + Gooden Architects which he co-founded with Ray Huff in 1997. Gooden is also a Professor of Practice and Director of the Master of Architecture program at the Graduate School of Architecture, Planning and Preservation (GSAPP) of Columbia University, where he teaches architectural design and theory. Gooden held previous academic appointments at the Yale School of Architecture as the Louis I. Khan Distinguished Visiting Professor, the Southern California Institute of Architecture (Sci-Arc) in Los Angeles, the University of Arizona (Tucson), the University of Florida (Gainesville), Clemson University, and The City College of New York.

Biography
In 1987 Gooden received his Bachelor of Science in Design from Clemson University, (Magna cum laude). In 1990 he received a Master of Architecture degree from the Columbia University Graduate School of Architecture, Planning and Preservation, New York, and was the recipient of the Charles McKim Prize for Excellence in Design.

Gooden's firm's work has been featured in journals and publications including Architecture Magazine, Architectural Record Magazine, Metropolis, The New York Times, Architecture & Urbanism (A+U) and ARTFORUM International Magazine.  Huff + Gooden Architects work has been exhibited at the 11th Venice Biennale in 2006, the Netherlands Architecture Institute (NAi), the National Building Museum in Washington, DC, and the Municipal Arts Society in New York. Gooden previously worked in the offices of Zaha Hadid in London and Steven Holl in New York.

Gooden's work, writings, and lectures have discussed architecture and the translation of cultural landscapes defined by the parameters of race, class, gender, and technology. His urban and cultural theory research was published at the Dubai Initiative's Urbanism in the Middle East:  A Search for New Paradigms in 2011 and Layered Urbanisms (Yale University, 2008). He edited Global Topologies: Converging Territories  (Columbia University, 2013).

Architectural work
Visual and performance / performing art are particular lenses through which Gooden seeks new pedagogical strategies between art, architecture, and culture in order to articulate new sites of meanings in his practice.

In 2011, Huff + Gooden Architects, was selected to design the $67 million renovation and expansion to the California African American Museum located in Exposition Park in Los Angeles, California. The design is a cultural critique of the current museum's physical and cultural context and the expanded museum's social visibility.

In 2005, Gooden and Huff curated and designed the installation, entitled Un/Spoken Spaces:  Inside and Outside the Boundaries of Class Race and Space at the Gibbes Museum of Art in Clemson, South Carolina. The exhibition was curated from works in the museum's permanent collection, which consists primarily of 19th-century portraiture and southern plantation scenes to reveal how the collection and architecture have been used to spatialize and reinforce issues of class and race.

Huff + Gooden's 2005 international competition winning design for the Virginia Key Beach Park Museum in Miami, Florida is included in the American architectural history textbook, USA: Modern Architectures in History (Reaktion Books, 2008) by Gwendolyn Wright. In chapter seven, “Disjunctures and Alternatives, 1985 to the Present” Wright states:

"Significant architecture helps us confront contentious topics. Huff + Gooden, an African-American firm based in Charleston, South Carolina, have designed a small museum for the Virginia Key Beach Park (2005–8) that underscores the ambiguities of racial pride and segregation…. The structure and the larger landscape by Walter Hood continue the theme of multiplicities and changes over time. This new sensibility in American modern architecture encourages visitors to contemplate multiple dimensions of the past and the future, buildings and their surroundings."

In 2021, his work as part of the Black Reconstruction Collective (BRC) will be featured in the Museum of Modern Art exhibition Reconstructions: Architecture and Blackness in America.

Writing
Gooden's book Dark Space: Architecture, Representation, Black Identity was published by Columbia University Press in 2016. The book offers a subtle reading of African American cultural institutions and calls for "more critical design and discourse." In 2012, Gooden was awarded a MacDowell Colony residency and a National Endowment for the Arts Fellowship. His article “_ORM is a Four-Letter Word…” which examines avant-gardist's art practices and the relationships to architectural production and the de-emphasis of form, is published in Perspecta No. 43.

Buildings and projects
 Market Up Mixed Use Development, Maboneng District, Johannesburg, South Africa (2014–2016).
 California African American Museum, Los Angeles.
 Gerald R. Ford Federal Building, Grand Rapids, Michigan (2012).
 Virginia Key Beach Park Museum, Miami, Florida (2009).
 Memminger Theatre, Spoleto Festival USA, Charleston, South Carolina (2008).
 Malcom C. Hursey Elementary School, North Charleston, South Carolina (2004).
 Mary Ford Elementary School, North Charleston, South Carolina  (2003).
 Herbert Hassell Aquatic Facility, Charleston, South Carolina (2002).
 Visual & Performing Arts Library for the Brooklyn Public Library, Brooklyn New York (2002).

References

Bibliography
 Dark Space: Architecture, Representation, Black Identity. New York: Columbia Books on Architecture and the City, Columbia University Press, 2016.
 Global Topologies: Converging Territories. New York: GSAPP Books, Columbia University, 2012.
 “_ORM is a Four-Letter Word…That Starts with F.” Perspecta No. 43. The Yale Architecture Journal. December 2010.
 Layered Urbanisms.  Nina Rappaport, (Editor). New Haven: Yale School of Architecture. 2008.
 “The Dresser Trunk Project.” Lunch: Territory. Vol. 3. (2008): 148–153.
 "Disjunctures and Alternatives", USA: Modern Architecture in History, Gwendolyn Wright. New York:Reaktion Books, 2008.
 “A Newer Orleans:  Six Proposals.” Artforum. (March 2006): 274–275.
 “Built in Context.”  Metropolis Magazine.  (May 2006):  142- 145.
 A Break with Tradition:  Gibbes Museum of Art celebrates centennial with provocative exhibit.” By Jack MacCray. Post & Courier.  (January 20, 2005).
 “Art Deconstructed. Art  + Architecture:  Two Architects turn the century old Gibbes on its head.”  By Brent Landford. Charleston City Paper. (February 2, 2005).
 “Interview:  Huff + Gooden Ray Huff and Mario Gooden.”  South. Vol. 1.  (2005):  40–47.
 “ArchiSpeak.  Tom Porter (Editor).  London:  Spon Press. 2004.
 “For African-Americans, a Chance to Draft History.”  New York Times. (August 24, 2004).
 25 Houses Under 2,500 Square Feet.  James Truelove (Editor).  New York:  Harper Design International. 2003.
 “A House for a Future President.” Blueprints.  National Building Museum.  (Summer 2003): 8–9.
 “On the Boards … A House for a Future President,” Architecture Magazine. (November 2003):  35.
 “A Visual Arts Library That’s Out of the Box,” New York Times. (May 15, 2002)
 “Beach Residence”  A+U: Architecture and Urbanism, (June 2002): 66-69
 “20 Years of Emerging Voices.”  Metropolis Magazine.  (March 2001):  190.
 “Boite Americaine - En Visite, Maisons d’ici et d’ailleurs,” Cree Architecture Interiors, (2001):  56.
 “Huff + Gooden Shapes a Socially Vital Modernism in Traditional South Carolina.”  Architectural Record. (February 2001):  89–90; 108–111.
 “Mediated Spaces and the (Re)Positing of Architecture.  ACSA West Regional Conference, 1997.
 “Subject Object Text,” 13th  National Conference on the Beginning Design Student, 1996.
 “Strategic Map-Making:  Mapping and Culture” Proceedings: ACSA Southeast-Southwest Regional Conference, 1995.
 “Military Base Conversions:  Washington Navy Yard.”  Architecture.   The AIA Journal.  August 1994.
 “Odysseus, Existence, Tectonic.”  (In)Quest.  Charleston:  Clemson University.  1992.
 “Precise Mis-reading.”  Newsline.  Columbia University Graduate School of Architecture Planning and Preservation.  New York:  Columbia University. 1990

Living people
1965 births
Columbia University faculty
Columbia Graduate School of Architecture, Planning and Preservation faculty
Columbia Graduate School of Architecture, Planning and Preservation alumni


title: Auguste-Joseph Herlin

text:
Auguste-Joseph Herlin (18 August 1815 – 13 December 1900) was a French genre painter from Lille.

Life

Auguste-Joseph Herlin was born in Lille on 18 August 1815.
His parents were Joseph Herlin and Julie Desrousseaux, both from Lille.
His father was a merchant. After completing his studies at the local college he joined his father's business. He and his brother Théodore jointly managed the business.
Between 1840 and 1848 he followed his marked penchant for the arts, and studied painting under François Souchon.
He won two medals, including a first class medal in 1843.

In 1850 Herlin resigned from business and devoted himself to the arts.
With independent means, he was not dependent on his work to make a living and could paint what he wanted.
Herlin's paintings belonged to the school of Édouard Muller. He excelled both in his drawing and his use of color.
His Visite au confrère, which drew much attention at the Lille Exhibition after it returned from the Salon of Paris, has been called a minor masterpiece.

For many years Herlin was administrator of the academic schools in Lille and a member of the commissions of the Lille museums of painting and of drawing.
In 1890 he was conservator of the Lille museum of painting and president of the commission of Lille museums.
Herlin became a member of the Lille Society of Sciences and Arts in 1883, and became the society's president in 1892.
In 1891 Herlin was named a knight of the Legion of Honor for his services to the arts.
Herlin died on 13 December 1900 at the age of 85.

Works

Salon
Herlin exhibited several paintings at the Salon in Paris, including:

1861 Battage de colza dans la plaine de Lille
1861 Le Viatique
1861 L'Alloir
1863 Le Train de plaisir
1866 L'Enterrement d'un pauvre au village
1866 La Visite au confrère
1867 La Lessive
1875 La Soif
1876 Une Affaire d'honneur

Other exhibitions
Herlin's Les Blanchisseuses (The Washerwomen) was engraved by The Illustrated London News in December 1867.
At the international expositions in Brussels and London in 1867 he submitted:
Le Jardin de M. le curé (The Priest's Garden)
Le Bateau à l'herbe (Boat on the Grass)
Le Filet (The Net)
Paysage (Landscape)

References

Sources

1815 births
1900 deaths
19th-century French painters
French male painters
19th-century French male artists


title: 2014 European Athletics Team Championships Super League

text:
These are the complete results of the 2014 European Team Championships Super League on 21 and 22 June 2014 in Braunschweig, Germany. As with the previous championships there were a couple of rules applying specifically to this competition, such as the limit of three attempts in the throwing events, long jump and triple jump (only the top four were allowed the fourth attempt) and the limit of four misses total in the high jump and pole vault.

Two athletes, Quentin Bigot of France and Rutger Koppelaar of the Netherlands, were later found guilty of doping use. Their results were subsequently annulled and the points readjusted which cost France the third place and the bronze medal. Later more athletes from Russia and Turkey were found out to be doping and subsequently disqualified. The results of these athletes were also annulled but the reallocation of points did not change the position of any team.

Final standings

Men

100 metres
Wind:Heat 1: -0.3 m/sHeat 2: +0.7 m/s

200 metres

Wind:Heat 1: +1.2 m/sHeat 2: +2.0 m/s

400 metres

800 metres

1500 metres

3000 metres

5000 metres

3000 metres steeplechase

110 metres hurdles

Wind:Heat 1: -1.1 m/sHeat 2: +1.0 m/s

400 metres hurdles

4 × 100 metres relay

4 × 400 metres relay

High jump

Pole vault

Long jump

Triple jump

Shot put

Discus throw

Hammer throw

Javelin throw

Women

100 metres
Wind:Heat 1: -2.9 m/sHeat 2: -0.9 m/s

200 metres

Wind:Heat 1: +1.3 m/sHeat 2: +1.2 m/s

400 metres

800 metres

1500 metres

3000 metres

5000 metres

3000 metres steeplechase

100 metres hurdles

Wind:Heat 1: -0.4 m/sHeat 2: +1.8 m/s

400 metres hurdles

4 × 100 metres relay

4 × 400 metres relay

High jump

Pole vault

Long jump

Triple jump

Shot put

Discus throw

Hammer throw

Javelin throw

References
 Results

European Athletics Team Championships Super League
European
2014 in German sport
International athletics competitions hosted by Germany
Sport in Braunschweig


title: Pine Creek (Huntington Creek tributary)

text:
Pine Creek is a tributary of Huntington Creek in Luzerne County and Columbia County, in Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately  long and flows through Fairmont Township, Huntington Township, and New Columbus in Luzerne County; and Fishing Creek Township in Columbia County. The creek's watershed has an area of 30.7 square miles and is located in Columbia and Luzerne Counties. Its tributaries include Bell Branch and Little Pine Creek. The vicinity of the creek was settled in the late 1700s. The main industries in the watershed in the early 1900s were timber and agriculture. Pine Creek is designated as a coldwater fishery and a migratory fishery. Northern myotis bats also inhabit areas near the creek.

Course

Pine Creek begins in western Fairmount Township, Luzerne County, near the border between Luzerne County and Columbia County. It flows southeast for a few miles, entering a valley and receiving the tributaries Brish Run and Wasp Branch. The creek then turns south, passing near Red Hill. Further downstream, it enters Huntington Township. Shortly after entering this township, the creek picks up Bell Creek and continues south, crossing Pennsylvania Route 239 and entering the borough of New Columbus. On the southern side of New Columbus, the creek leaves Luzerne County and enters Columbia County.

Upon entering Columbia County, Pine Creek begins flowing through Fishing Creek Township. It makes several meanders before making a final turn south and reaching its confluence with Huntington Creek in the community of Jonestown.

Pine Creek joins Huntington Creek  of its mouth.

Tributaries
Tributaries of Pine Creek include Brish Run, Wasp Branch, Bell Creek, Spring Branch, and Little Pine Creek. Little Pine Creek has a watershed area of 7.15 square miles and joins Pine Creek  upstream of its mouth.

Geography, geology, and climate
The watershed of Pine Creek has been described as "rough and hilly". Its valley is narrow and the hills around it are steep. The creek's channel is sinuous.

The channel of Pine Creek goes through sandstone.

 upstream of its mouth, the elevation of Pine Creek is  above sea level.  upstream of the mouth, the elevation is  above sea level. At its mouth, the creek's elevation is  above sea level.

On average, the annual level of precipitation in the vicinity of Pine Creek ranges from .

Watershed

The watershed of Pine Creek has an area of 30.7 square miles. It is located in northeastern Columbia County and northwestern Luzerne County. The uppermost reaches of the watershed are on North Mountain.

Communities in the watershed of Pine Creek include Cambria, New Columbus, and Fairmount Springs. In 1921, these communities had populations of 213, 175, and 100, respectively.

History
Johnathan Westover, an early settler of Huntington Township, Luzerne County settled in the northwestern part of the township, near Pine Creek. Abram Dodder, a member of the second family to inhabit Fishing Creek Township, in Columbia County, settled on the creek in 1786. His father arrived there in 1788.

In 1814, Pine Creek was designated as a public highway between a sawmill belonging to Amos Buckalew in Columbia County and a location near Johnathan Westover's sawmill in Huntington Township, Luzerne County.

The August 19, 1890 Wilkes-Barre tornado, passed by the creek, where it had a smell resembling sulfur. The tornado was moving at approximately  per hour at this point.

A woolen mill was built on Little Pine Creek, a tributary of Pine Creek, circa 1820. In the 1800s, D. Chatfield Brittain owned a 62-acre tract of forest on Pine Creek. In the early 1900s, industries in the vicinity of Pine Creek included agriculture and timber.

Biology
The northern myotis bat was observed to be living on Pine Creek in 1999. The exact population of the bats here is not known.

Pine Creek is designated as a coldwater fishery and a migratory fishery.

The Western Pennsylvania Conservancy has recommended the creation of riparian buffers along several miles of Pine Creek and its tributaries.

See also
Kingsbury Brook, next tributary of Huntington Creek going upstream
List of tributaries of Fishing Creek (North Branch Susquehanna River)
List of rivers of Pennsylvania

References

Rivers of Luzerne County, Pennsylvania
Rivers of Columbia County, Pennsylvania
Tributaries of Fishing Creek (North Branch Susquehanna River)
Rivers of Pennsylvania


title: Hanoi International School

text:
Hanoi International School is a private, international school in Ba Đình District, Hanoi, Vietnam which was found in 1996.

It is an accredited member of the Council of International Schools (CIS) and the East Asia Regional Council of Overseas Schools (EARCOS). HIS is also a founding member of the Mekong River International Schools Association (MRISA)
, an organization of six schools in the region who participate in regular sporting, arts and STEAM competitions/exhibitions.

Curriculum
HIS is an International Baccalaureate Continuum school. It offers the IB Primary Years Program for students in grades Kindergarten to Grade 5, the IB Middle Years Programme for students in grades 6 to 10, and the IB Diploma Program for students in Gr. 11 and 12.

References

External links

Mekong River International Schools Association (MRISA)
International schools in Hanoi
High schools in Hanoi


title: One (The Never Ending EP)

text:
One is the debut extended play by American band The Never Ending. It was released on June 24, 2014.

Background
In an interview with Billboard, The Never Ending announced that their debut EP One will be released on June 24, 2014. In March 2014, they released the EP's artwork, which depicts a circus theme. In April, 24, Ryan posted a video teaser with one of the new songs, "Call Me Up (Style)", a song about the standard of beauty. On April 21, Ryan announced on her website one of the songs, "When the Dark Falls", and released the lyrics. On May 7, was released a video teaser of the promotional song "When the Dark Falls". On June 1, Ryan announced the debut single, "Mulholland Drive". On June 3 the song was released with a premiere in the Billboard website.

Critical reception
Browder, from Candor News gave One 5 stars out of 5 stating; "A perfect mix of sleepy, folksy tunes and upbeat driving pop rock, The Never Ending is a strong debut."
Telling readers to check out tracks 3 "Before I Go Upstairs" and 4 "Call Me Up" she stated The Never Ending show strength through versatile sounds.

Track listing
All of the song's lyrics are written by Debby Ryan. The tracks are collaborated with all of the band members and Chase Ryan.

References

2014 debut EPs


title: Human Mortality Database

text:
The Human Mortality Database (HMD) is a joint initiative of the Department of Demographics at the University of California, Berkeley in the United States and the Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research in Rostock, Germany that provides detailed mortality and population data to researchers, students, journalists, policy analysts, and others interested in the history of human longevity. The key people involved are John R. Wilmoth (Director) from the University of California, Berkeley,
Vladimir Shkolnikov (Co-Director) from Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, and Magali Barbieri (Associate Director) from the University of California, Berkeley, and INED, Paris.

History

Creation of the Berkeley Mortality Database, a precursor to the Human Mortality Database

In 1997, John R. Wilmoth at the Department of Demography in the University of California, Berkeley started work on a database titled the Berkeley Mortality Database (BMD) with a grant from the National Institute of Aging in the United States. The BMD included data across the entire age range, but was restricted to only four countries (France, Japan, Sweden, and the United States).

For the most part, the Berkeley Mortality Database is now superseded by the Human Mortality Database, but the BMD is still available online because some types of data available in the BMD have not been transferred to the HMD.

Creation and development of the Kannisto–Thatcher Database on Old Age Mortality

The Kannisto–Thatcher Database on Old Age Mortality (KTD) was founded in 1993 by Väinö Kannisto and Roger Thatcher with the support and collaboration of James Vaupel, Kirill Andreev, and many others. The KTD was first developed at Odense University Medical School in Denmark. Since 1996, it has been maintained and developed by the Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research.

Unlike the BMD, the KTD focused only on mortality above the age of 80, but included 30 countries (compared to the BMD, that included data for only 4 countries).

Creation and development of the Human Mortality Database

HMD began in 2000 as a collaborative project of the Department of Demographics at the University of California, Berkeley in the United States and the Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research in Rostock, Germany, with funding from the National Institute of Aging in the United States. It used data from the BMD (which had launched in 1997) and was also strongly influenced by the Kannisto–Thatcher Database on Old Age Mortality. After about two years of development, the HMD was formally launched in May 2002. HMD inherited the coverage of all age groups from BMD and the coverage of a diverse range of countries from KTD, thus combining the best features of both databases.

The methods protocol of HMD has steadily evolved and was last updated on May 31, 2007.

Short-term Mortality Fluctuations data series (STMF)
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the HMD team decided in 2020 to establish a new data resource: Short-term Mortality Fluctuations (STMF) data series in order to provide objective and internationally comparable data.

Weekly death counts provide the most objective and comparable way of assessing the scale of short-term mortality elevations across countries and time.

These data are collected for 38 countries: Austria, Australia (Doctor certified deaths), Belgium, Bulgaria, Chile, Canada, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, England and Wales, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Israel, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Netherlands, New Zealand, Northern Ireland, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of Korea, Russia, Scotland, Slovenia, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan and the USA.

Sources are national Statitstics Office or european organisation Eurostat, based on official Vital record (excepted for Australia: Doctor certified deaths)

STMF Data are published under a CC-BY 4.0 License.  They are available through an online STMF visualization toolkit or downloadable in CSV or XLSX format.

Reception

Academic reception

HMD data has been cited in academic research in demographic research and other research that relies of demographic data. For instance, there has been considerable research on the biological and evolutionary factors determining mortality and the differences in mortality across human populations. The data has also been cited in research that attempts to build better predictive models of human mortality. It has also been cited in research on specific causes of mortality  and research on the social and economic consequences of changes in mortality.

Media reception

HMD data has been cited in the New York Times, the Washington Post, and Foreign Affairs.

References

External links

Longevity
Scientific databases


title: Osman Mohammud Dufle

text:
Osman Mohammud Dufle (, ) is a Somali physician and politician. He previously served as a Minister of Health in the Transitional National Government of Somalia. He was also one of the founders of the Joint Medical Committee, a professional organization for doctors in the country. He served as a volunteer at the Keysaney Hospital in Mogadishu. In June 2014, he was nominated for a Nobel Prize in recognition of his humanitarian work.

References

Living people
Ethnic Somali people
20th-century Somalian physicians
Government ministers of Somalia
Year of birth missing (living people)


title: Rungsung Suisa

text:
Rungsung Suisa (4 March 1907 – 17 April 1971) was an Indian politician. Suisa was one of the key figures in the movement to unite Naga-populated areas in Manipur with the Naga Hills (Nagaland). He was popularly known as 'Uncle Suisa'.

Rungsung Suisa belonged to the Tangkhul Naga tribe. He was the son of Rungsung Luithui. He hailed from Somdal, Ukhrul district. He studied at the Jorhat Christian High School. He was amongst the first youths of the Manipur hill people to obtain matriculate education.

Suisa was one of five hill leaders named by the President Manipur State Darbar to participate in the Constitution-Making Committee in 1946. However, Suisa and the other hill leaders did not attend the first session of the committee. On 13 August 1947 he chaired a meeting of hill leaders, at which the assembled demanded that the hill peoples should have the right to secede from Manipur after a five-year period. However, these demands were not heeded by the committee, and in the new constitution the administration of the hill areas was placed under the control of the Maharaja. In June 1948 he was elected unopposed to the Manipur State Assembly.

In 1949 he visited Burma, and came into contact with the Communist Party of Burma. His experience in Burma radicalized his political approach, taking a more revolutionary stance in local politics upon his return. He became a member of the Manipur Electoral College in 1951.

Suisa was elected to the Lok Sabha (lower house of the parliament of India) in the 1957 general election. He stood as the Indian National Congress candidate in Outer Manipur constituency, obtaining 21,316 votes (26.24% of the votes in the constituency). In parliament, he was represented in various committees. The Manipur Naga Council boycotted the 1962 general election and Suisa was one of the Naga leaders that was detained at Dum Dum for about a year.

Suisa was assistant to the vice president of the Naga National Council 1964–1966. In October 1966, following the deadlock in the peace talks, he presented a proposal to solve the Indo-Naga conflict through confederation, with shared responsibilities between India and Nagaland on foreign and military affairs, but full Naga sovereignty on internal affairs. He sought to mediate between the Indian government and the Naga leaders. Allegedly, Indira Gandhi was open to accept Suisa's proposal. However, the NNC opposed these moves and did not accept his proposal, as it went against their demand of complete independence. Suisa had travelled to London together with Vizol Koso in June 1967 to present the proposal to Zapu Phizo but it was rebuffed by him.

References

1907 births
Manipur politicians
India MPs 1957–1962
Indian National Congress politicians
1971 deaths
Naga people
People from Ukhrul district


title: Eustorg de Beaulieu

text:
Eustorg de Beaulieu or Hector de Beaulieu (around 1495 – 8 January 1552) is a French poet, composer and pastor. He was one of the first French authors to convert to protestantism.

References

External links

French classical composers
French male classical composers
Renaissance composers
16th-century French writers
16th-century male writers
1552 deaths
Year of birth uncertain
French male writers


title: Gloniaceae

text:
The Gloniaceae are a family of fungi in the order Mytilinidiales.

References

Mytilinidiales
Dothideomycetes families


title: 2010 Havant Borough Council election

text:
The 2010 Havant Borough Council election took place on 6 May 2010 to elect members of Havant Borough Council in Hampshire, England. One third of the council was up for election and the Conservative Party stayed in overall control of the council.

After the election, the composition of the council was:
Conservative 34
Liberal Democrats 3
Labour 1

Background
Before the election the Conservatives had 32 seats on the council, compared to 3 each for Labour and the Liberal Democrats. Among those defending seats at the election were the Conservative leader of the council Tony Briggs in Cowplain ward and the Labour group leader Richard Brown in Warren Park.

Election result
The Conservatives increased their majority on the council after gaining two seats, one each from Labour and the Liberal Democrats. The Conservative gain from Labour came in Warren Park, where they defeated the Labour group leader Richard Brown, while the Liberal Democrat defeat was in Bondfields, where the Conservative winner Frida Edwards became the first black councillor in Havant. Meanwhile, the Liberal Democrats gained a seat from Labour in Battins, where Labour's June Hanan had stood down at the election, and the new Liberal Democrat councillor Katie Ray became the youngest ever councillor in Havant at the age of 20. The council election took place at the same time as the 2010 general election, with the Conservative Member of parliament for Havant, David Willetts, doubling his majority.

Ward results

Barncroft

Battins

Bedhampton

Bondfields

Cowplain

Emsworth

Hart Plain

Hayling East

Hayling West

Purbrook

St Faiths

Stakes

Warren Park

Waterloo

References

2010 English local elections
May 2010 events in the United Kingdom
Havant Borough Council elections
2010s in Hampshire


title: Lekar Hum Deewana Dil (soundtrack)

text:
Lekar Hum Deewana Dil is the soundtrack album, composed by A. R. Rahman, to the 2014 Hindi film of the same name, directed by Arif Ali that stars Armaan Jain and Deeksha Seth in the lead roles. The film is jointly produced by Saif Ali Khan, Dinesh Vijan and Sunil Lulla under the banner of Eros International and Illuminati Films. The album features six tracks, and was digitally released on  on Eros Music.

Development
A. R. Rahman revealed his inclusion in the debut film of Arif Ali in early 2014. The first track "Khalifa" was written and composed in a single night, a result of the team's jamming sessions. The film's producer stated, "Khalifa was composed during the first recording session that we had with Rahman Sir. The track just came together with a life of its own and it sets the tone of the album." A discotheque cum party song, "Khalifa" translates to "leader" in English and the overall lyrical content represents— "The daredevil attitude of today's youth." The track was extensively programmed with electronic music base. Singer Mahesh Vinayakram has performed the Konnakol—an Indian form of vocal percussion in the song. Singer Shweta Pandit and Suzanne D'Mello have performed opening lines as a "rap" in Hindi. It was the former's first attempt to rap, diversifying her usual styles of singing. On the composition Rahman explained that he didn't wanted to do a regular club song. Lyricist Amitabh Bhattacharya, producer Dinesh Vijan and director Arif Ali were on board the flight to Chennai. The producer started playing the musical patches Arif Ali had taken from A. R. Rahman. He stated to Ali that the hook words "Nainon Se, Nainon Se" might work as a party number. However, it was the lyricist who was struck with the hook word "Khalifa". In an interview with Mumbai Mirror Rahman stated, "I liked the word Khalifa. There's a popular American rapper by the name too. The word's significance in the religious context dates back to a 1000 years, but it is also used today by the younger generation as a synonym for 'Hey Chief',". He added that he was supposed to sing "Alaahda" song but the team convinced him to record "Khalifa". The song was recorded at the end, just two days prior to its promotional release. On this development, Arif Ali quoted, "'Khalifa' took off a year after it was first planned. It is not a usual Rahman song yet I was confident it would work. But with all the music that is happening, I was not surprised that it took time to pick up. But as it is usual with Rahman sir, we recorded "Beqasoor", a song we were in no hurry for, first while this one kept getting pushed." Both the songs "Mawali Qawwali" with "Khalifa" were featured in the theatrical trailer of the film. The song  received positive reception upon release.

The track "Beqasoor" was recorded in a hotel room in Singapore when she was on board with Rahman's Infinite Love Concert in Singapore. According to Rahman, the hook line of the track "Tu Shining" was inspired from an e-mail sent to him by Danny Boyle post their successes of 127 Hours. The last lines of the e-mail were "Shine like a diamond". Using these lines in the year span of 2011-2012 Rahman had composed a patch tune. In 2013, when the requirement of a song that began with "Tu Shining", during the recording session for the film the patch tune was approved by Ali. "Tu Shining" was a suggestive by Hriday Gattani whereas lyricist Amitabh Bhattacharya worked on the complete lyrics of the energetic track. Later, Hriday was also offered the free-spirited song "Maaloom" with Jonita Gandhi.

Release
The video teaser of "Khalifa" sung by A. R. Rahman was released on 28 May 2014, and the single was released on 30 May 2014. The teaser of song "Maaloom" was released on 5 June 2014, and the full song was released the next day. The full songs were released on 13 June 2014.

As a promotional event, an unplugged concert was planned at Hard Rock Cafe in Worli, Mumbai whose venue was eventually shifted. Also reported as the physical launch of the music album, the concert was held on 27 June 2014 at JW Marriott in Mumbai. The concert had A. R. Rahman playing the piano to the vocal performance of singers on their respective songs of the soundtrack. The event was attended by the crew of the film and Imtiaz Ali, Karan Johar, Amit Sadh, Anita Adjania, Kapoor family—notably Karisma Kapoor, Kareena Kapoor Khan Rishi Kapoor, Neetu Singh, Randhir Kapoor, Babita.

Critical response

Songs
The soundtrack album received mixed critical reception.

Anish Mohanty of Planet Bollywood gave a positive review of the album praising all the songs in it. Behindwoods gave the album a rating of 3.25 / 5.0 and the verdict was Light, bright and lively!,Devesh Sharma of Filmfare gave the album 2 out of 5 and wrote, "Rahman sure keeps an ear to the ground and knows what today's youngsters are listening to. He's given them the best of the both worlds by peppering a Hindi film OST with strains of world music and EDM." At the Indian Express, Suanshu Khurana who assigned the album just one star stated, "A R Rahman fails to recreate magic with Lekar Hum Deewana Dil. One of Rahman's most scattered albums. Ever." Critical review board of Behindwoods quoted the album as– "Light, bright and lively !". At MusicAloud the soundtrack scores 8 (out of 10), the critic writes, "In a year (2014) that has seen A R Rahman in splendid form, Lekar Hum Deewana Dil is definitely a blip. But it does have some lovely music to offer." Joginder Tuteja for Rediff gave the album 3 stars out of 5 and mentioned, "Though not memorable, Lekar Hum Deewana Dil can't be dismissed either." Aishwarya for Koimoi assigned 3.5 (out of 5) and noted, "Being refreshingly innovative with the electronic sound base and Amitabh Bhattacharya's penmanship, this album is a relief from the stale churnings that Bollywood have recently seen in the name of item numbers being the USP for albums."Time Out magazine gave the album 3.5 stars (out of 5) and noted, "The latest Rahman album is a bit of a letdown". Pavan Jha of BBC Radio gave the album an average of 2.5 to 3 on a scale of 5 and stated that overall, the album falls short of expectations especially after Rahman's Hindi release Highway Rajiv Vijayakar of Bollywood Hungama assigned the album 2 stars (out of 5) and noted, "Taken by that exalted yardstick, Armaan Jain, Kapoor's grandson, gets the weakest musical debut. The music is intended to be cool and youthful, but frankly we see only a microcosm of GenY taking to it."

Background score

Madhureeta Mukherjee for The Economic Times said, "Few of the songs (AR Rahman) stand out."Rajeev Masand who compared the film as partial downgraded form of 2002 film Saathiya stated, "A. R. Rahman has come up with a lesser soundtrack than the one he composed then." Blessy Chettiar for Deccan Chronicle notes, "A.R. Rahman associated with the original score, the score and songs are expected great, but that remains undistinguished like the film." At the India-West critic R. M. Vijayakar criticised the songs and score stating, "A.R. Rahman's score has little purpose and is devoid of melody, meaning or substance, and Amitabh Bhattacharya is at his worst in his lyrics as well – sample meaningless words, especially the offensive "Mawwaali Qawwaali", which is an item song on an almost naked dancer when the word “Qawwali” actually stands for devotional Muslim music!" Sneha May Francis of Emirates 24/7 summarized, "Melodies tuned by music maestro A R Rahman, you can't help but ignore the similarity with Imtiaz’s own Rockstar." Anupriya Kumar for Reuters noted, "A.R. Rahman's score is uneven but dazzles at times – Khalifa works perfectly as the movie's peppy opening number, and if you could look past its bizarre picturisation, Mawwali Qawwali lends the film its most energetic minutes." Anuj Kumar for The Hindu stated, "Composer A. R. Rahman is unusually off colour in the film to help the cause." Shubhra Gupta for The Indian Express wondered the on the inclusion of A. R. Rahman's for the score of this film, calling the fact 'unbelievable'. At Koimoi, critic Manohar Basu felt that A. R. Rahman's score is heart-breaking, forgettable, mediocre and shockingly bad. Anindita Dev for Zee News wrote, "The music given by the maestro AR Rahman also loses its charm in the plot. Though his previous Hindi outing Highway had some great background score, score of Lekar Hum... fails to impress the audience. Rohit Khilnani for Headlines Today pointed out, "A R Rahman is not as melodious and below average just like the film." Soumya Srivastava for Hindustan Times said, "AR Rahman's score fails to deliver anything exceptional. "Khalifa" song is perhaps the only stand out, but the rest of the soundtrack is nowhere near what one expects from the maestro." At Mumbai Mirror, Saumil Gandhi figured out, "There are too many songs with too little diversity in the music on display, a problem that even A R Rahman's score cannot solve."

Track listing
All lyrics written by Amitabh Bhattacharya.

Personnel
Credits adapted from CD liner notes.

Musician credits

 Backing vocals— Maria Roe Vincent, Aanchal, Pooja Vaidyanath, Bianca Pinto, Sunayana Das Gupta
 Guitar: Bappi, Keba Jeremiah
 Bass: Keith Peters, Keba Jeremiah
 Sarod: Seenu
 Drums: Satnam
 Whistle: Srinidhi Venkatesh

Production

Producer: A. R. Rahman
Mastering: Donal Whelan at Mastering World
Mastering assistance: Gethin John
Engineers: Suresh Permal, T. R. Krishna Chetan, Srinidhi Venkatesh, R. Nitish Kumar, Jerry Vincent, Vinay S. Hariharan
Music supervisor: Srinidhi Venkatesh
String engineer: V.J. Srinivasamurthy (Chennai Strings Orchestra)
Mixing: Tony Joy, Ishaan Chhabra, Kevin Doucette
Music co-ordinator: Noell James, Vijay Mohan Iyer
Musicians' fixer: R. Samidurai

References

A. R. Rahman soundtracks
Hindi film soundtracks
2014 soundtrack albums


title: List of historic buildings and districts designated by the City of Atlanta

text:
The City of Atlanta Historic Preservation and Urban Design Commission, which is part of the City of Atlanta government, nominates and designates five types of historic properties: Landmark Building or Site, Historic Building or Site, Landmark District, Historic District, and Conservation District. The Atlanta Urban Design Commission was established by city ordinance in 1975. In 1989, the city enacted its current historic preservation ordinance. Since that time, the city has designated more than seventy individual properties and eighteen districts. There are specific criteria for each type of designation.

These designations are city-level designations, separate from the federally designated properties on the National Register of Historic Places (see National Register of Historic Places listings in Fulton County, Georgia).

List of individual designated sites
The following places are designated as either as a "Landmark Building or Site" or "Historic Building or Site."

The Georgia State Capitol is designated an "Honorary Landmark," the only site to be so designated by the City of Atlanta.

List of designated districts
The following are designated as a "Landmark District," "Historic District," or "Conservation District."

References

City of Atlanta-designated historic sites
Buildings and structures in Atlanta
History of Atlanta
Atlanta


title: 1994 Brownlow Medal

text:
The 1994 Brownlow Medal was the 67th year the award was presented to the player adjudged the fairest and best player during the Australian Football League (AFL) home-and-away season. Greg Williams of the Carlton Football Club won the medal by polling thirty votes during the 1994 AFL season.

Leading vote-getters

* The player was ineligible to win the medal due to suspension by the AFL Tribunal during the year.

References

Brownlow Medal
1994
Brownlow Medal


title: Jose Chacón Medina Salazar y Villaseñor

text:
José Chacón Medina Salazar y Villaseñor  (1668 - ??) was a Spanish official who served as Governor of New Mexico between 1707 and 1712. Salazar y Villaseñor was  Marquis de Peñuela and Knight of the Order of Santiago.

Early life
Jose Chacón Medina Salazar y Villaseñor was born in 1668. He joined the Spanish Army in his youth, eventually becoming an Admiral of the Marines.

New Spain

He was appointed Captain General and Governor of Santa Fe de Nuevo México in 1707, in place of Francisco Cuervo y Valdés.

Chacon rebuilt the chapel at San Miguel, Santa Fe, which had been destroyed in the Pueblo uprising of 1680. Under his orders, Hurtado made a military campaign against the Navajo people.

In 1703, Sebastian Martin obtained an area of the land of his brother, northeast of the Pueblo of San Juan, but lost the testimony and writing documenting the lease. So in 1712, Martin asked Governor Salazar y Villaseñor for confirmation of his property. On May 23, 1712, Chacon investigated the case and decided to put Martin under protection, to prevent him from being attacked by the Amerindians. So, Chacón officially accepted the re-delivery of the land to Martin, voiding "all other instruments" and ordered Provincial Secretary Cristóbal de Góngora to handed back the land to him.

In 1712, Salazar y Villaseñor was replaced by Juan Ignacio Flores Mogollon in the New Mexico government .

References

Colonial governors of Santa Fe de Nuevo México
1668 births
Year of death missing


title: Ultra (TV channel)

text:
Ultra TV was a Serbian TV channel, which started broadcasting on January 28, 2008, at 8 A.M. It also broadcast in Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina and North Macedonia. It aired a diverse number of TV programs for children and teenagers. It aired cartoons (Code Lyoko, Totally Spies!, Galactik Football, etc. mostly French production and Casper, Kirarin Revolution, Johnny Test, etc.), documentaries, and soaps.

75% of it was owned by United Group, and 25% by Luxor CO d.o.o, who created this TV channel.

On July 1, 2017, the cable operator Serbia Broadband stopped distributing Ultra TV and Mini Ultra. It was only possible to get these channels through cable operators Supernova and Posta KDS (limited availability on Supernova).

On August 1, 2019, United Group closed down Ultra TV and Mini Ultra. Their replacements are Vavoom and Pikaboo.

Mini Ultra

In 2011, Ultra gained a sister channel, Mini Ultra. A few weeks later, also known as just Mini. Mini Ultra broadcast popular shows for younger kids.

Mini Ultra closed down on the same date as Ultra, August 1, 2019.

See also
 Minimax (TV channel)

External links
Ultra TV's website (archived)

Television stations in Serbia
Children's television networks


title: Colorado Revised Statutes

text:
The Colorado Revised Statutes (C.R.S.) are a legal code of Colorado, the codified general and permanent statutes of the Colorado General Assembly.

Publication
The Colorado Revised Statutes are revised and published by the Revisor of Statutes of the Colorado Office of Legislative Legal Services under the supervision of the Committee on Legal Services as required by the Colorado Constitution.

The General Assembly has claimed copyright protection of the C.R.S. under the aegis of the Committee on Legal Services since 1970. The assertion has been called "one of the most aggressive state government uses of copyright". Beginning in 1989, West Publishing began its own distribution, challenging the copyright claim as an impermissible copyright of the public domain and as a violation of constitutional freedom of speech, prior restraint prohibitions, and due process. West settled with the state after the law was changed in 1990 to allow access to the legislative database for a large fee. On March 4, 2016, the Committee on Legal Services suspended its practice of copyright registration of the original publications and ancillary editorial work, and also suspended the fee for the statutory database containing the official text of the statutes.

In Georgia v. Public.Resource.Org, Inc. the Supreme Court ruled that official annotated editions of state laws are public domain.

See also
 Law of Colorado
 United States Code

Notes

References

External links
 Colorado Revised Statutes from LexisNexis
 Colorado Revised Statutes from the Colorado Office of Legislative Legal Services
 Colorado Revised Statutes from Public.Resource.Org
 Official Colorado Revised Statutes Book and eBook from LexisNexis

Colorado law
United States state legal codes