title: Septet (Stravinsky)

text:
The Septet for clarinet, bassoon, horn, piano, violin, viola and cello is a Chamber music composition by Igor Stravinsky. It was composed between July 1952 and February 1953, and the first performance took place at Dumbarton Oaks in Washington, D.C., on 23 January 1954. The score is dedicated to the Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection. It consists of three  movements, the first lacking a title, and the last lacking a number in the score. The work is influenced by twelve-tone technique, especially by the Wind Quintet, Op. 26, and the Suite for septet, Op. 29, composed by Arnold Schoenberg.

Movements
The piece consists of three movements.

Analysis
The Septet stands at a stylistic turning point in Stravinsky's œuvre, between the neoclassical period ending with his opera, The Rake's Progress, and the final, serial phase. All of the Septet is characterized by highly contrapuntal textures, but the first movement remains close to Stravinsky's earlier manner, whereas the remaining two exhibit his emerging new style. Stravinsky's adoption of serial techniques, here and in the Ricercar II of the Cantata (1952), caught nearly everyone by surprise at that time.

The first movement is in sonata-allegro form, with a first theme group in the winds in the key of A, characteristically hesitating between major and minor and strongly recalling the opening of Stravinsky's "Dumbarton Oaks" Concerto (1938). The second theme is in the piano, with a series  of syncopated E-minor chords, and is followed by a developmental fugue for the winds and strings. The recapitulation has the first theme in its original key but the second now in D minor, and the movement closes with a short coda. The main theme of this movement anticipates the pitch material of the second and third movements, as its recurring thematic motto is the same as the first five notes of the tone-row used in the Passacaglia and Gigue.

The second movement, according to Robert Craft, "is everything, ... the Passacaglia, that's where the big change occurs". The second movement is actually a repetition of the note-pattern of the Passacaglia, a set of nine variations over a bass theme consisting of a series of sixteen notes. The movement ends with a coda, or tenth variation, but the ninth variation is the climax, "an utter marvel", according to Craft, "because all seven instruments are playing the same pianissimo and you must hear every note and you do hear every note". Stravinsky uses the bass theme similarly to Schoenberg's twelve-note series. The upper parts consist of various sorts of canons using the same sequence sixteen notes, with imitation at various intervals, by inversion, retrograde, and inversion of the retrograde.

The third movement consists of a succession of four fugues, all based on the same sixteen-tone series used in the Passacaglia. The first is a three-voice fugue for strings. This is then repeated in the piano, with another fugue for wind trio superimposed on it, thereby forming a double fugue. The subject of the new wind fugue uses the same notes, but with different rhythms. The third and fourth fugues are disposed similarly to the first pair: a three-part fugue for the strings, followed by a double fugue for the piano and the winds, now with the note rows of the subjects inverted. The entries in all four fugues present a double tonal center on A and E.

Published editions
Stravinsky, Igor: Septet for clarinet, horn, bassoon, piano, violin, viola, and violoncello. London: Boosey & Hawkes, 1953 (BH 6400701 – parts, BH 6500518 – study score)
Stravinsky, Igor: Septet 1953 for clarinet, horn, bassoon, piano, violin, viola, and violoncello. New York: Boosey & Hawkes, 1953  (B&H 17447 – Hawkes Pocket Scores No. 682).

References

Further reading
  (Class handout from student presentation, MUY 590, Prof. Bullard, Eastman School of Music)
 Grant, James Stuart. 1989. "Serial Operations in Stravinsky's Septet 1953". DMA diss. Ithaca: Cornell University.
 Schilling, Hans Ludwig. 1956. "Zur Instrumentation in Igor Strawinskys Spätwerk, aufgezeigt an seinem Septett 1953". Archiv für Musikwissenschaft 13, Nos. 3–4:181–96.
 Walsh, Stephen. 1988. The Music of Stravinsky. Companions to the Great Composers. London and New York: Routledge. .

Compositions by Igor Stravinsky
1953 compositions
Chamber music compositions
Compositions for septet


title: Der Proletarier (1919)

text:
Der Proletarier ('The Proletarian') was a weekly newspaper published in Luxembourg between July 1919 and 1940. It the central organ of the Trade Union Commission of Luxembourg. It replaced the previous newspapers Die Volksstimme and Der Gewerkschaftler.

After the Second World War, Der Proletarier was replaced by Arbecht.

References

Defunct newspapers published in Luxembourg
Defunct weekly newspapers
German-language newspapers published in Luxembourg
Weekly newspapers published in Luxembourg
Newspapers established in 1919
Publications disestablished in 1940
Socialist newspapers
Trade unions in Luxembourg


title: Provincial Council of Gelderland

text:
The States of Gelderland (, ) are the States-Provincial for the Dutch province of Gelderland. It forms the legislative body of the province. Its 55 seats are distributed every four years in provincial elections. From 2005 till early 2019, it was chaired by Clemens Cornielje (VVD).

Current composition
Since the 2019 provincial elections, the distribution of seats of the Provincial Council of Gelderland has been as follows:

See also
 Provincial politics in the Netherlands

References

External links

Politics of Gelderland
Gelderland


title: Alex Alves (footballer, born 1986)

text:
Alex Alves de Lima (born 8 November 1986), known as Alex Alves, is a Brazilian footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Náutico.

Career
Alex Alves has spent his most of his career to date in Brazil. He spent his youth career with Ituano. His professional career began with Sertãozinho, he spent two years with Sertãozinho before leaving to join Atlético Goianiense. Following a short stint with the aforementioned club, he left to sign for Santa Cruz. He stayed with the Rio Grande do Sul based team before going on the move again, this time joining Mogi Mirim. He spent four years at Mogi Mirim, making 28 appearances despite leaving the club three times on loan during that time.

His first loan was to Portuguese club Trofense, he made 13 appearances in all competitions in what was his first spell outside of Brazil before returning to Mogi Mirim. Next came loans to Marília and ABC respectively, he failed to register a league appearance for the latter but did play 10 times for the former. In 2014, Alves left Mogi Mirim and agreed to join Santa Cruz of Pernambuco.

He was named on Santa Cruz's substitutes bench nine times but didn't make an appearance before leaving. Then came moves to three clubs in two seasons, but Alves again found playing time extremely limited as he did not make a single appearance for either São Bento, Campinense or Piracicaba. He left the latter on 12 April 2016.

At the start of 2017 he was part of the Altos participating in 2017 Copa do Nordeste and 2017 Copa do Brasil, but new Sampaio Corrêa coach Francisco Diá specifically requested him for the team, so he transferred at the end of February. He moved to Bragantino at the end of the season, initially contracting just for the 2018 Campeonato Paulista season, but later signing a deal until the end of 2020. He became part of the Red Bull Bragantino squad when CA Bragantino merged with Red Bull Brasil in April 2019.

Honours
Atlético Goianiense
Campeonato Brasileiro Série C (1): 2008

ABC
Campeonato Potiguar (1): 2011

Mogi Mirim
Campeonato Paulista do Interior (1): 2012

Sampaio Corrêa
Campeonato Maranhense (1): 2017

 Náutico
Campeonato Pernambucano (1): 2021

References

External links

1986 births
Living people
People from Araçatuba
Brazilian men's footballers
Men's association football goalkeepers
Campeonato Brasileiro Série B players
Campeonato Brasileiro Série C players
Campeonato Brasileiro Série D players
Liga Portugal 2 players
Expatriate men's footballers in Portugal
Sertãozinho Futebol Clube players
Atlético Clube Goianiense players
Futebol Clube Santa Cruz players
Mogi Mirim Esporte Clube players
C.D. Trofense players
Marília Atlético Clube players
ABC Futebol Clube players
Santa Cruz Futebol Clube players
Esporte Clube São Bento players
Campinense Clube players
Esporte Clube XV de Novembro (Piracicaba) players
Associação Atlética de Altos players
Sampaio Corrêa Futebol Clube players
Clube Atlético Bragantino players
Red Bull Bragantino players
Footballers from São Paulo (state)


title: Suryabagh

text:
Suryabagh is one of the old suburbs in Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India, close to, Jagadamba Centre. Suryabagh is the hub of electronics and hardware shops.

The Visakhapatnam City Police Commissioner's office is located in Suryabagh. Visakhi Jala Vudhyanavanam is also located here. This is a junction of old town and new city.

Transport
The APSRTC has a major bus hub in this area and connects Suryabagh with all parts of the city and some suburban villages.

Commercial area

There are many shops. This area is a hub for electronics and hardware. Many movie theatres are situated here. Visakhapatnam Central Shopping mall is located in this area.

References

Neighbourhoods in Visakhapatnam


title: Cricket Russia

text:
Cricket Russia (formerly United Cricket League)  is the official governing body of the sport of cricket in Russia. Its current headquarters is in Moscow, Russia.

In July 2019, Russia's Ministry of Sport refused to recognise cricket as a sport. The sport could still be played in the country, but it was not eligible for any support from the Ministry. However, in May 2020, the Russian Government reversed its decision, recognising cricket as a sport, and therefore eligible for funding.

References

External links
 Official website
 Official news website
 Official club and tournaments website
 Russia Beyond article from 2014

Sports organizations established in 2004
Cricket
Russia
Russia in international cricket


title: Somethin' Bad

text:
"Somethin' Bad" is a song recorded as a duet by American country music artists Miranda Lambert and Carrie Underwood.  The song was written by Chris DeStefano, Brett James and Priscilla Renea. It was released as the second single from Lambert's fifth studio album Platinum in advance of the album's release two weeks later. The song premiered at the 2014 Billboard Music Awards on May 18, 2014, and was released for sale the next day.

"Somethin' Bad" peaked at number one on the Billboard Hot Country Songs, becoming Underwood's thirteenth number one on the chart and Lambert's fifth. The song is the first number one by teamed-up solo women in more than two decades on this chart.

On December 5, 2014, the collaboration received a Grammy nomination for Best Country Duo/Group Performance.

Background
The song was written by Chris DeStefano and Brett James along with Priscilla Renea while they were at a writing retreat in France for ASCAP. The song was originally intended to be a male/female duet, but was later tweaked so that it could be performed by two females.

The song is seen as a female take on the bro-country genre. According to Lambert, when she heard "Somethin’ Bad", "the song just popped," and it "really struck a chord."  Lambert said she had wanted to do a duet with Carrie Underwood, and that "It's been too long since two girls in our genre have come together like that, especially on a song that's kind of in your face." She sent Underwood an email to request a collaboration, which was accepted as they had wanted to sing together for some time.

The song made its debut on the 2014 Billboard Music Awards on May 18, 2014 with a performance by Lambert and Underwood. They performed the song again at the CMT Music Awards on June 4, 2014.

Critical reception
The song received generally favorable response from the critics.  Matt Bjorke of Roughstock thought the song playful, fun, and "sure to be a fast-selling hit." Jason Scott of AXS called it "a fun, beat-driven summer anthem" and rated it four stars out of five. Taste of Country said that the song's "ready-for-anything lyrics and the way that Lambert and Underwood belt them out with such power, make ‘Somethin’ Bad’ a catchy girl-power anthem."

Commercial performance
"Somethin' Bad" debuted at No. 39 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 chart and at No. 5 on the Billboard Hot Country Songs chart following its release for sales on May 19, 2014 (chart dated June 7, 2014).  The song debuted at No. 48 on the Billboard Country Airplay chart for the same week, before it was officially released to radio on June 16, 2014. The song also debuted at No. 1 on the Billboard Country Digital Songs chart, with 107,000 downloads sold in its first week. "Somethin' Bad" peaked at No. 1 on the Billboard Hot Country Songs in its sixth week, becoming Underwood's 13th number one on the chart and Lambert's fifth. The same week, the song jumped to No. 19 on the Billboard Hot 100, becoming Lambert's highest peaking song to date on that chart. It is the first No. 1 by teamed-up solo women in more than two decades on the Billboard Hot Country Songs chart. As of April 2015, the song has sold 1,080,000 copies in the United States.

In Canada, the song debuted at No. 33 on the Canadian Hot 100 chart following its first week of release.

Music video
The music video was directed by Trey Fanjoy and released on June 25, 2014. It features Lambert as Belle Boyd and Underwood as  Priscilla Parker, a pair of jewel thieves.  The video is presented as a trailer for a film where the pair play poker, ride Indian motorcycles and engage in a jewel heist in which they flee in a luxury Bell Helicopter.

Miranda purchased the two Indian Motorcycles keeping one for herself, while giving the other to Carrie as a "thank you" for doing the song with her. Carrie tweeted a pic of her on the bike. The bikes and the helicopter were part of a product placement arrangement organized by CMS Nashville.

As of November 2019, the music video has accumulated over 109 million views on Vevo and was nominated for a 2014 CMA for "Video of the Year."

Sunday Night Football 2016 theme
In June 2016, NBC Sports announced that "Somethin' Bad" would form the basis of Underwood's new theme for NBC Sunday Night Football starting with the 2016 NFL season. Titled "Oh, Sunday Night", it replaced "Waiting All Day for Sunday Night", itself inspired by an existing song (Joan Jett's "I Hate Myself for Loving You").

Awards and nominations

Academy of Country Music Awards

|-
| align="center" rowspan="2"|2015 || align="center" rowspan="2"| "Somethin' Bad" ||align="center"| Video of the Year ||
|-
| align="center"| Vocal Event of the Year ||

CMT Music Awards

|-
| align="center" rowspan="2"|2015 || align="center" rowspan="2"| "Somethin' Bad" ||align="center"| Video of the Year ||
|-
|align="center"| Collaborative Video of the Year ||

Country Music Association Awards

|-
| align="center" rowspan="2"|2014 || align="center" rowspan="2"|"Somethin' Bad" ||align="center"| Musical Event of the Year ||
|-
| align="center"| Music Video of the Year ||

Grammy Awards

|-
| align="center"|2015 ||align="center"| "Somethin' Bad" ||align="center"| Best Country Duo/Group Performance ||

Teen Choice Awards

|-
| align="center"|2014 ||align="center"| "Somethin' Bad" ||align="center"| Choice Country Song ||

Charts and certifications

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Certifications

References

2014 singles
Miranda Lambert songs
Carrie Underwood songs
RCA Records Nashville singles
Arista Nashville singles
2014 songs
Songs written by Brett James
Songs written by Chris DeStefano
Songs written by Muni Long
Song recordings produced by Frank Liddell
Female vocal duets
Music videos directed by Trey Fanjoy


title: Electro Magnetic

text:
Electro Magnetic festival is an outdoor electronic dance music event which is located in the town of Voelklingen near Saarbrücken, south-west Germany. It first took place in 2012 attracting an audience of 8,000 people.
The following year (2013), there were about 10,000 visitors. It was awarded 'Best New European Festival' at the European Festivals Awards in 2012.
Usually, the festival takes place in July. The 2020 edition was cancelled. Promoters mentioned harder times for festival organizers.

Headliners (selection)
 2012: Bonaparte, Digitalism, Lexy & K-Paul, Fritz Kalkbrenner, Moonbootica, Tiefschwarz, André Galluzzi, Monika Kruse
 2013: Booka Shade, Boys Noize, Lexy & K-Paul, M.A.N.D.Y., Monika Kruse, Moonbootica, Pan-Pot, DJ Wankelmut, Onur Özer
 2014: Ellen Allien, Blomqvist, Felix Da Housecat, Fritz Kalkbrenner, Marek Hemmann, Minoru, Moguai, Oliver Koletzki
 2015: Chris Liebing, Dixon, Lexy & K-Paul
 2016: Moguai, Nina Kraviz, Richie Hawtin, Robin Schulz scheduled but set was cancelled, Alle Farben, Andhim, Oliver Koletzki, Meat, Robag Wruhme, Matthias Tanzmann, Gunjah
 2017: Lexy & K-Paul, Âme, Alle Farben, Chris Liebing, Moonbootica, Matthias Tanzmann, Oliver Huntemann, Joyce Muniz, Rødhåd, DJ Karotte
 2018: Paul van Dyk, Moonbootica, AKA AKA, Adam Beyer, Felix Kröcher, Neelix, Klaudia Gawlas, Recondite, DJ Tennis, Denis Horvat, Junge Junge
 2019: Amelie Lens, Carl Cox, FJAAK, Boys Noize, Pan-Pot, Loco Dice, DJ Hooligan, Niels van Gogh, DJ Tomcraft, Kai Tracid, Matthias Tanzmann

References

External links
 Homepage (German only)

Entertainment events in Germany
Dance events


title: Provincial Council of Limburg

text:
The Provincial Council of Limburg (), also called Limburgs Parlement, are the provincial council for the Dutch province of Limburg. It forms the legislative body of the province. Its 47 seats are distributed every four years in provincial elections. Since December 2021, it has been chaired by Emile Roemer (SP).

Current composition
Since the 2019 provincial elections, the distribution of seats of the Provincial Council of Limburg has been as follows:

See also
 Provincial politics in the Netherlands

References

External links

Politics of Limburg (Netherlands)
History of Limburg (Netherlands)
Limburg


title: 1981–82 Challenge Cup

text:
The 1981–82 Challenge Cup was the 81st staging of rugby league's oldest knockout competition, the Challenge Cup. Known as the State Express Challenge Cup for sponsorship reasons, the final was contested by Widnes and Hull F.C. at Wembley. The match ended as a draw, resulting in a replay being staged at Elland Road, which Hull won 18–9.

Preliminary round

First round

Second round

Third round

Semi finals

Final
Widnes returned to Wembley as defending champions, having won the Challenge Cup for the sixth time in their history in the previous year.

Widnes led by eight points with 15 minutes of the game remaining, but Hull F.C. came back to draw the match 14–14, meaning the final would be replayed for the first time since 1954.

Replay

References

External links
Challenge Cup official website
Challenge Cup 1981/82 results at Rugby League Project

Challenge Cup
Challenge Cup
1982 in Welsh rugby league


title: 2014 U.S. Open Grand Prix Gold

text:
The 2014 U.S. Open Grand Prix Gold was the eighth grand prix gold and grand prix tournament of the 2014 BWF Grand Prix Gold and Grand Prix. The tournament was held in Suffolk County Community College, New York, United States July 8 until July 13, 2014 and had a total purse of $120,000.

Players by nation

Men's singles

Seeds

  Nguyen Tien Minh (champion)
  Chou Tien-chen (final)
  Eric Pang (third round)
  Brice Leverdez (withdrew)
  Anand Pawar (quarter-final)
  Wong Wing Ki (semi-final)
  Wang Tzu-wei (third round)
  Pablo Abian (withdrew)
  Suppanyu Avihingsanon (quarter-final)
  Misha Zilberman (second round)
  Emil Holst (second round)
  Joachim Persson (second round)
  Arvind Bhat (second round)
  Sattawat Pongnairat (third round)
  Rasmus Fladberg (third round)
  Petr Koukal (third round)

Finals

Top half

Section 1

Section 2

Section 3

Section 4

Bottom half

Section 5

Section 6

Section 7

Section 8

Women's singles

Seeds

  Nichaon Jindapon (first round)
  Michelle Li (quarter-final)
  Zhang Beiwen (champion)
  Beatriz Corrales (second round)
  Linda Zechiri (quarter-final)
  Chloe Magee (first round)
  Karin Schnaase (first round)
  Natalia Perminova (second round)

Finals

Top half

Section 1

Section 2

Bottom half

Section 3

Section 4

Men's doubles

Seeds

  Mathias Boe / Carsten Mogensen (final)
  Maneepong Jongjit / Nipitphon Puangpuapech (champion)
  Baptiste Careme / Ronan Labar (quarter-final)
  Phillip Chew / Sattawat Pongnairat (quarter-final)

Finals

Top half

Section 1

Section 2

Bottom half

Section 3

Section 4

Women's doubles

Seeds

  Eva Lee / Paula Lynn Obanana (second round)
  Anastasia Chervaykova / Nina Vislova (semi-final)
  Puttita Supajirakul / Sapsiree Taerattanachai (final)
  Nicole Grether / Charmaine Reid (second round)

Finals

Top half

Section 1

Section 2

Bottom half

Section 3

Section 4

Mixed doubles

Seeds

  Maneepong Jongjit / Sapsiree Taerattanachai (final)
  Vitalij Durkin / Nina Vislova (semi-final)
  Jorrit de Ruiter / Samantha Barning (quarter-final)
  Max Schwenger / Carla Nelte (quarter-final)

Finals

Top half

Section 1

Section 2

Bottom half

Section 3

Section 4

References

U.S. Open Badminton Championships
U.S. Open Grand Prix Gold
BWF Grand Prix Gold and Grand Prix
U.S. Open Grand Prix
U.S. Open Grand Prix
U.S. Open Grand Prix


title: Panna State

text:
Panna State was a princely state of colonial India, located in modern Panna district of Madhya Pradesh.

The state of Panna belonged to the Bundelkhand Agency and covered an area of, 6724 km2 with 1,008 villages within its borders in 1901. It took its name from the chief town in the area, Panna, which was the capital of the state.

History
A predecessor state was founded by one of the Raj Gond chiefs of the area around 1450.
Almost three centuries later Panna was the capital chosen by a leader Chhatar Sal, the founder of Panna State, after leading a revolt against the Mughal Empire. He established an alliance with the  Maratha Peshwa and made Panna his capital. After conquering Mahoba in 1680 Chhatar Sal extended his rule over most of Bundelkhand. Upon his death in 1731, his kingdom was divided among his sons, with one-third of the kingdom going to his son-in-law, the Peshwa Baji Rao I.

The Kingdom of Panna went to Harde Sah, the eldest son of Chhatar Sal. In the early 19th century, Panna became a princely state of British India, and gained control of the states of Nagod and Sohawal. Raja Nirpat Singh assisted the British in the Revolt of 1857, and the British rewarded him with the title Maharaja.

Maharaja Madho Singh was deposed by the Viceroy in April 1902, after a commission found him guilty of poisoning his uncle, Rao Raja Khuman Singh, the previous year.

Maharaja Mahendra Yadvendra Singh acceded to the Government of India on 1 January 1950, and the kingdom became Panna District of the new Indian state of Vindhya Pradesh. Vindhya Pradesh was merged into Madhya Pradesh on 1 November 1956.

Rulers
The rulers of the state were entitled to an 11-gun salute by the British authorities.

Rajas
1675 - 1731                Raja Chhatrasal
1731 - 1739                Hardesah Singh                     (d. 1739)
1739 - 1752                Sabha Singh                        (d. 1752)
1752 - 1758                Aman Singh                         (d. 1758)
1758 - 1777                Hindupat Singh                     (d. 1777)
1777 - 1779                Anirudh Singh                      (d. 1779)
1779 - 1785                interregnum
1785 - 1798                Dhokal Singh
1798 - 1834                Kishor Singh                       (d. 1834)
1834 - 1849                Harbans Rai
1849 - 1869                Nirpat Singh                       (d. 1870)

Maharajas
1869 - Jun 1870            Nirpat Singh                       (s.a.)
 9 Jun 1870 - 1893         Rudra Pratap Singh                 (b. 1848 - d. 1893) (from 1 Jan 1876, Sir Rudra Pratap Singh)
1893 -  9 Mar 1898         Lokpal Singh                       (d. 1898)
 9 Mar 1898 – 22 Apr 1902  Madho Singh                        (d. af.1925)
 20 Jun 1902 – 15 Aug 1947  Yadvendra Singh Judeo (b. 1893 - d. 1963)

Titular Maharajas
 1947 - 1963: Yadvendra Singh Judeo
 1963 - 1971: Narendra Singh Judeo

After abolition of all royal titles and privy purse in 1971.

 1971 - 1998: Narendra Singh Judeo
 1998 - 2009: Manvendra Singh Judeo
 2009 – 2023: Raghavendra Singh  Judeo

See also
Chaube Jagirs
Jaitpur State
Nagod State
Political integration of India
Bijawar-Panna Plateau
Bundela

References

External links

Princely states of Bundelkhand
Panna district
Rajputs
Panna, India
1731 establishments in India
1950 disestablishments in India
Gun salute princely states
Princely states of Madhya Pradesh


title: Illbliss

text:
Tobechukwu Ejiofor known as iLLBLISS, is a Nigerian rapper, businessman and the owner of the talent managing outfit known as 'The Goretti Company', company responsible for launching the careers of Chidinma and Phyno, among others.
Also popularly known as Oga Boss, he has received many nominations and won awards, the most notable being the award for Best Hiphop Video (for the hit "U Go Wound O!!") at the 2008 maiden edition of the Soundcity Music Video Awards. This award was presented to him by the American hip-hop star Nas.In 2019, he made a debut in acting by starring in the movieKing of Boys as Odogwu. His debut album, Dat Ibo Boy, which dropped in 2009, contained, "Aiye Po Gan! (Enuf Space)". He then released a new album July 2020, Illy Chapo X. His album IlLY CHAPO X have also been nominated for the category of best rap album for the HEADIES 2020 award. Considering the situation of the country back in 2019,  the indigenous rapper said President Buhari is silent many issues surrounding the country. He said “Mr. Buhari, are you still ruling us? You are mute on a lot of issues, I really don’t get you". He further added "We all feel like a ship with no captain, no direction. “This is a powerful country you have been installed to rule. Can you really just rule and show any level of empathy? Can you sir”.

Discography

Solo albums
Dat Ibo Boy (2009)
Oga Boss (2012)
 #Powerful (2015)
Illygaty:7057 (2016)
Illy Bomaye (2017)
Illosophy (2019)
Illbliss – Illy Chapo X (2020)

EPs
Position of Power, Vol. 1 (2012)
Position of Power, Vol. 2 (2014)

Collaborative albums
IllyZilla (with Teck Zilla) (2019)

Awards and nominations

References

External links

Living people
Nigerian male rappers
21st-century Nigerian musicians
Nigerian entertainment industry businesspeople
Rappers from Enugu
21st-century male musicians
Year of birth missing (living people)


title: Marita Hakala

text:
Marita Hakala (born 10 November 1968) is a Finnish businessperson and fashion model. After a part-time modeling career in Finland, she became a full time professional model in Milan, Italy, where her first booking was with Blumarine, a high-end fashion house.

Marita Hakala created a reality television series Mallikoulu (Model School), based on her experiences in the modeling world. The show was aired on Finland's leading broadcasting TV network MTV3 followed by a spinoff show on Sub TV on Fridays at prime time during 2005 and 2006, and 2015 on Ava. The first season's winner, Suvi Koponen, became the first international Finnish supermodel.

Marita Hakala got into the business side of modeling when she was 17 years old and started a model society called Satakunnan Mallit in Western Finland. In 2006, she co-founded a model and talent agency Casting House Inc in Helsinki, Finland. In 2014, Hakala moved to Los Angeles, joining a modeling agency and scouting new model talents.  Marita Hakala also works as an entertainment reporter in the USA.

Personal life
Finnish actor and musician Vesa-Matti Loiri and Marita Hakala met at Pori Jazz Festival in the summer of 1989. She was engaged with a Finnish hockey player Esa Tikkanen in 2000.

References

External links

 Marita Hakala on Facebook

1968 births
Living people
Finnish female models


title: Windhaager Messe

text:
The Windhaager Messe, WAB 25, is a missa brevis composed by Anton Bruckner in 1842.

History
Bruckner composed the Windhaager Messe (WAB 25) in 1842, while he was a schoolteacher's assistant in Windhaag.

It was first believed that it was composed for Maria Jobst, the alto soloist in the Windhaag church choir. It is now stated that it was composed for her younger sister, Anna.

The work, the manuscript of which is stored in the archive of Wels, was first published in band I, pp. 173–189 of the Göllerich/Auer biography. It is edited in Band XXI/2 of the .

Setting
The Windhaager Messe is a Missa brevis in C major for alto solo, two horns and organ.

The work is divided into six parts:
 Kyrie, C major
 Gloria, C major
 Credo, C major
 Sanctus, C major
 Benedictus, E major
 Agnus Dei, C major
Total duration: 8 to 10 minutes.

The work employs a text compressed to the absolute minimum and is predominantly homophonic in texture – often close to plainchant as, for example, the initial phrase of the Kyrie and the Credo – with occasional contrapuntal interruptions. The organ part consists of the alto solo line and a mostly unfigured bass. The use of horns "adds a warm, familiar timbre to music, and helps to clarify the harmony".

As in the Landmesse tradition, the Gloria and the Credo employ only a portion of the extensive text usually associated with these sections of the Mass. Such short masses (Missa brevis) were frequently performed in Austrian country churches, especially during Advent and Lent.

The short Sanctus presents the most extensive horn parts in the work. The Benedictus, in E major, is more melodic and uses a much less syllabic text setting than the rest of the work. The final notes of the Agnus Dei recall the closing of the Credo – a small, but effective touch of musical integration.

Bruckner’s designation of this composition as a Choral-Messe referred to its simple, hymn-like style. Tonally the work follows conventional harmonic patterns, but, as Bruckner was to do throughout his life, it also contains frequent modulations, often to rather distant keys, without the uses of pivot chords. The frequent appearances of unison passages throughout this work are an additional hallmark of Bruckner’s later style. Kinder concludes his analysis as:
...the attention lavished to this modest work is justified, not merely because it was Bruckner's first extended composition, but also because of its interesting and prophetic musical ideas.

Use in the modern liturgy
To make the Windhaager Messe usable for Eucharist celebration Kajetan Schmidinger and Joseph Messner made in C. 1927 an arrangement for mixed choir with revised Gloria and Credo, and accompaniment by organ, horns and string quintet.

Selected discography

Original setting
A selection among the recordings of the original setting of the Mass:
 Wolfgang Riedelbauch, Ingeborg Ruß (alto), Anton Bruckner - Psalm 146 and Windhaager Messe – LP: Colosseum SM 548, 1972.Transferred to CD, together with the historical recording of the "nullified" Symphony in D minor by Hortense von Gelmini: Klassic Haus KHCD 2012-007, 2012
 Ulrich Köbl, Cornelia Wulkopf (alto), Sakrale Waldhornmusik – CD: Ars FCD 368 304,
 Rupert Gottfried Frieberger, Sigrid Hagmüller (alto), Anton Bruckner – Oberösterreichische Kirchenmusik – Fabian Records CD 5112, 1995
 Bernhard Prammer, Elisabeth Mayer (alto), Kammermusikalische Kostbarkeiten von Anton Bruckner – CD: Weinberg Records SW 01 036-2, 1996
 Valeri Polyansky, Ludmila Kunetsova (mezzo-soprano), Bruckner - Mass in C major, Mass No. 2 in E minor – Chandos CD CHAN 9863, 1998

Schmidinger & Messner's arrangement
 Svetlana Girba, KHG-Chor Karlsruhe, Ralph Hammer (organ), Musica sacra – CD issued by the choir, 1999

References

Sources
 August Göllerich, Anton Bruckner. Ein Lebens- und Schaffens-Bild,  – posthumous edited by Max Auer by G. Bosse, Regensburg, 1932
 Anton Bruckner – Sämtliche Werke, Band XXI: Kleine Kirchenmusikwerke, Musikwissenschaftlicher Verlag der Internationalen Bruckner-Gesellschaft, Hans Bauernfeind and Leopold Nowak (Editor), Vienna, 1984/2001
 Max Auer, Anton Bruckner. Sein Leben und Werk. Amalthea-Verlag, Vienna, c. 1950
 Robert Haas, Anton Bruckner, 2nd print (Reprint der Ausgabe Athenaion, Potsdam, 1934), Laaber Verlag, Regensburg, 1980.
 Hansjürgen Schäfer, Anton Bruckner. Ein Führer durch Leben und Werk. Henschel Verlag, Berlin, 1996.
 Uwe Harten, Anton Bruckner. Ein Handbuch. , Salzburg, 1996. .
 Keith William Kinder, The Wind and Wind-Chorus Music of Anton Bruckner, Greenwood Press, Westport CT, 2000. .
 John Williamson, The Cambridge Companion to Bruckner, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2004.
 Cornelis van Zwol, Anton Bruckner - Leven en Werken, Uit. Thot, Bussum, NL, 2012.
 Crawford Howie, Anton Bruckner - A documentary biography, online revised edition

External links

 Messe C-Dur - Windhaager Messe, WAB 25 Critical discography by Hans Roelofs
 Smaller sacred works (1835–1892) Gesamtausgabe – Volume XXI
Live performances can be heard on YouTube
Original setting
 Gabriele Holzner (alto soloist), Josefin Bergmayr-Pfeiffer and Sophie Arzt (horns), Maria Kürner (organ) – Pfarrkirche Ansfelden, 10 November 2019:  Kyrie, Gloria, Credo, Sanctus & Benedictus, Agnus Dei
Schmidinger & Messner's arrangement
 Fra Stipica Grgat with the Choir und Chamber orchestra Gospe od Zdravlja (Our Lady of Health), Split (4 April 2010): Gospodine, smiluj se (Kyrie), Slava (Gloria), Svet i blagoslovljen (Sanctus & Benedictus) and Jaganjče Božji (Agnus Dei) - without Credo
 St Mary Choir & Orchestra, Littleton (2013): Windhaager Messe, or (in better resolution) on John Berky's website: Mass in C Major "Windhaag Mass" - without Credo
 Martin Pfeiffer, St. Petrus church, Wolfenbüttel (2015): Bruckner's Messe in C
 Ricardo Luna with the Choir of the Karlskirche, Vienna (3 November 2019): Messe in C-Dur (Windhaager Messe)

Masses by Anton Bruckner
1842 compositions
Compositions in C major


title: List of Cultural Properties of Japan - paintings (Nara)

text:
This list is of the Cultural Properties of Japan designated in the category of  for the Prefecture of Nara.

National Cultural Properties
As of 1 July 2019, one hundred and sixty Important Cultural Properties have been designated (including eighteen *National Treasures), being of national significance.

Prefectural Cultural Properties
As of 1 April 2018, forty-three properties have been designated at a prefectural level.

Municipal Cultural Properties
Properties designated at a municipal level include:

See also
 Cultural Properties of Japan
 List of National Treasures of Japan (paintings)
 Japanese painting
 List of Historic Sites of Japan (Nara)
 List of Cultural Properties of Japan - historical materials (Nara)

References

External links
  Cultural Properties in Nara Prefecture
  Image Database of Historical Resources of the Nara Region

Cultural Properties,Nara
Cultural Properties,Paintings
Paintings,Nara
Lists of paintings


The Lithuania women's national rugby sevens team represents Lithuania in international rugby sevens competitions and is controlled by Lithuanian Rugby Federation. Lithuania currently competes in European B division. The team's coach is Donatas Streckis.

References

External links
Lithuania rugby federation

Rugby union in Lithuania
Rugb
Women's national rugby sevens teams


title: Kronstorfer Messe

text:
The Kronstorfer Messe, WAB 146, is a missa brevis composed by Anton Bruckner in 1843-1844.

History
Bruckner composed the Kronstorfer Messe, WAB 146, in 1843–1844, while he was a schoolteacher's assistant in Kronstorf. This Choral-Messe in D minor for mixed choir a cappella was presumably intended for the Lenten season.

The work, the manuscript of which was archived in the St. Florian Monastery, was premiered by Augustinus Franz Kropfreiter on 1 December 1974 in the church of the monastery. The work is put in Band XXI/41 of the .

Setting
The work is divided into four parts:
 Kyrie - Adagio, D minor
 Sanctus - Adagio, B-flat major
 Benedictus - Andante, F major
 Agnus Dei - Adagio, F major
Total duration: about 5 minutes.

This Missa brevis, also called  [], exhibits relationships to Palestrina's style. The mass survives only in a fragmentary state, without Credo. The manuscript, with, on the front page, an autograph indication "Sine Gloria", contains two blank pages with an autograph indication that they were to contain a Credo in F major.

Alike the contemporaneous Asperges me in F major (WAB 4), the Agnus Dei in F major contains audacious modulations.

Note
The Sanctus is re-used in a slightly modified setting for that of the next Messe für den Gründonnerstag.

Discography
There are two recordings of the Mass:
Jussi Kauranen, Pirkanpojat boys' choir, Tampere (Finland), Tuhansin Kielin – CD PPCD 02, edited by the choir, 1998
Sigvards Klava, Latvian Radio Choir, Bruckner: Latin Motets – CD Ondine OD 1362, 2019

References

Sources
 Anton Bruckner – Sämtliche Werke, Band XXI: Kleine Kirchenmusikwerke, Musikwissenschaftlicher Verlag der Internationalen Bruckner-Gesellschaft, Hans Bauernfeind and Leopold Nowak (Editor), Vienna, 1984/2001
 Uwe Harten, Anton Bruckner. Ein Handbuch. , Salzburg, 1996. .
 James Garrat, Palestrina and the German Romantic Imagination, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2004.
 John Williamson, The Cambridge Companion to Bruckner, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2004.
 Cornelis van Zwol, Anton Bruckner – Leven en Werken, Uit. Thot, Bussum, NL, 2012.

External links
Messe ohne Gloria und Credo / Kronstorfer Messe, d-mol WAB 146 Critical discography by Hans Roelofs

Smaller sacred works (1835–1892) Gesamtausgabe – Volume XXI
Live performances of the Kronstorfer Messe:
 Michael Stenov with the Cantores Carmeli (13 April 2017) on YouTube: Anton Bruckner – Kronstorfer Messe WAB 146, Christus factus est WAB 9 etc.
 Choir Aeternitas: Хор Aeternitas - Kronstorfer Messe
 Ensemble vocale de' Medici: A. Bruckner - Messe in D ohne Gloria und Credo – with organ colla parte

Masses by Anton Bruckner
Compositions in D minor
1843 compositions


title: Look Up (Bob Neuwirth album)

text:
Look Up is a studio album by American singer-songwriter Bob Neuwirth. It was released on 19 March 1996 by Watermelon Records, and it is his first solo album since 1991's 99 Monkeys. Neuwirth on this album worked with several musicians including Patti Smith and Elliott Murphy.

Track listing
All tracks composed by Bob Neuwirth; except where indicated
"Blue Detour" – 3:09
"I Don't Think of Her" – 4:03
"What's Our Love Coming To" (Billy Swan, Bob Neuwirth) – 2:40
"Lucky Too" – 3:46
"Beyond The Blues" (Bob Neuwirth, Peter Case, Tom Russell) – 3:39
"Nashville" (Bob Neuwirth, Sandy Bull) – 2:24
"Gonna Lay Down My Old Guitar" (Alton Delmore, Rabon Delmore) – 4:03
"Everybody's Got a Job to Do" (Bob Neuwirth, Peter Case) – 3:40
"Heroes" – 5:44
"Traveling Light" (Bob Neuwirth, Peter Case) – 3:46
"Sweet and Shiny Eyes" (Nan O'Byrne) – 2:29
"Cloudy Day" – 3:58
"Just Like You" (Bob Neuwirth, Patti Smith) – 2:59
"Beautiful Day" – 4:02
"Save Me Jesus" (Bobby Charles) – 4:32
"(Gilbert Says Hello)" – 0:53

Personnel
Bob Neuwirth – vocals, guitar, mandolin
Gary Lucas – guitar
John Cooke – guitar, vocals
Peter Case – guitar, harmonica, vocals
Elliott Murphy – guitar, harmonica, vocals
Butch Hancock – guitar, harmonica, vocals, photography
Billy Swan – guitar
Chuck Prophet – guitar
Bernie Leadon – guitar, bass, mandolin, tambourine
Debbie Green – bass
David Mansfield – bass, slide guitar, fiddle
Steven Soles – bass, background vocals
Don Heffington – drums
Mickey Raphael – harmonica
Matt Cartsonis – mandolin
Sandy Bull – pedal steel guitar, guitar, bass
Gilbert Shelton – piano, cover illustration
Bruce Langthorne – piano
Gurf Morlix – slide guitar
Charlie Sexton – vocals, violin, mandocello, drum
Matt Cartsonis – accordion
Ned Albright – background vocals
Andrew Williams – vocals
Cindy Bullens – vocals
David Williams – vocals
Mark Olsen – vocals
Patti Smith – vocals
Rosie Flores – vocals
Victoria Williams – vocals
Heinz Geissler, John Kunz - executive production
Dick Reeves, Scott Smith - art direction and design

References

Bob Neuwirth albums
1996 albums
Albums produced by Bob Neuwirth


title: Galia Sabar

text:
Galia Sabar (, born 1963, Israel) is the president of Ruppin Academic Center, one of Israel leading public colleges. Prior, she was a professor of African Studies at Tel Aviv University and the Chair of African Studies at the Department of Middle Eastern and African History at Tel Aviv University, where she also served as the coordinator of African Studies at the S. Daniel Abraham Center for International and Regional Studies. Sabar has published seven books and dozens of articles in professional journals. In addition to her academic research, Sabar has been a leading social activist in Israel mainly in relation to Ethiopian immigrants as well as in partnership with various NGOs assisting African labor migrants and asylum seekers. In May 2009, in recognition of her work combining academic rigor with social activism, Sabar received the Unsung Heroes of Compassion Award, sponsored by the international organization Wisdom in Action and delivered by the 14th Dalai Lama.

Academic background
Sabar earned a bachelor's degree with distinction in Middle Eastern History and African History at Tel Aviv University in 1985. In 1982, while still an undergraduate, she traveled to Ethiopia to guide a group of American Jews who supported the clandestine Operation Moses (at the time not yet given that name). Between 1982 and 1984, she visited Ethiopia over 20 times, providing funds and information for Ethiopian Jews prior to their journey to Sudan. These two years in Ethiopia had a profound impact on her life, and since then she has continued to visit the continent, with the aim of conducting research as well as for purposes of social and public engagement. In 1987 she received a master's degree in African Studies from the Hebrew University in Jerusalem, which she completed summa cum laude. Her graduate dissertation, supervised by Professor Mordechai Abir, examined Ethiopia's post-revolution consolidation of national identity.

In 1989, Sabar moved with her family to Kenya, where she stayed for three years gathering data for her doctorate. Though the research commenced with the disciplines of history and political science in mind, it eventually shifted to anthropology. In 1993, Sabar received her doctorate in African Studies from Hebrew University. Her research focused on the complex relations between church, state, and society in Kenya, and was supervised by Professor Naomi Chazan and Professor Steven Kaplan. In 1994, she began lecturing at the Department of Middle Eastern and African History at Tel Aviv University. In 1996, she returned to Kenya, where she led an international research group that examined socio-political aspects of the AIDS epidemic in collaboration with Professor Sobbie Mulindi of Kenyatta National Hospital. Since 1998 Sabar has focused her research on African labor migrants and asylum seekers in Israel.

In May 2009, Sabar received the Unsung Heroes of Compassion Award, sponsored by the international organization Wisdom in Action and delivered by the Dalai Lama. The prize is awarded once in several years, and so far it has been given to 150 people worldwide. Sabar was awarded in appreciation of her long and dedicated involvement in both research and social activism in issues pertaining to Ethiopian Jewry as well as to African labor migrants in Israel, and for bringing these issues to the Israeli public eye. Sabar, together with Ms. Ibtisam Mahamid are the first Israelis to be awarded this prize. Sabar received the prize in a ceremony held in San Francisco in May 2009, along with 49 other activists worldwide.

Personal life
Together with her partner, Ofer Shechter, Sabar is raising five children: Matan, Noam, Yuval, Or and Bar.

Social Involvement

Sabar is a volunteer board member in four organizations: the Jerusalem AIDS Project (JAIP), IRAC - the Israel Religious Action Center of the Jewish Reform movement, the Hotline for Migrant Workers and NALA, an Israeli-based foundation providing consultation about and implementation of programs for infectious disease control in Africa. Since 2011, Sabar has co-organized, together with Dr. Shiri Tenenbaum, several different courses and workshops aimed at the promotion of health and human rights for African refugees and asylum seekers in Israel.  Two of the courses addressed Israeli health workers and two addressed migrants and refugees themselves. All courses were held in collaboration with the "Social Clinic" at Sheba Hospital.

Research

Christianity in Africa
From 1987 to 1997, Sabar focused her research on relations between church, state, and society in Kenya. She spent four years in Nairobi, Kenya. Her research was based on thousands of local church documents and official British and Kenyan documents as well as extensive fieldwork conducted throughout the country, which included hundreds of interviews with church members and leaders, and long hours of participant observation in various religious activities.

In 2002 she published in England her book, "Church, State and Society in Kenya: From Mediation to Opposition, 1963-1993". The book traces the complex relations between religion, society and state in Kenya in the years 1963–1993. It emphasizes the centrality of religion in our contemporary modern world. It shows how Kenyan churches helped to shape the social, religious and political arenas in the country. Sabar claims that the churches created alternative politics and a new language with which to discuss human rights issues and the struggle for democracy. Concurrently, the book exposes the churches' widespread corruption and nepotism.

The AIDS epidemic in Africa
Between 1995 and 1999, Sabar led an international team of experts which examined the spread of AIDS in Africa through examining the epidemic's socio-political aspects. An emphasis was put on tracing cultural components which make AIDS especially prevalent in some areas. Sabar, together with Prof. Mulindi of Kenyatta National Hospital and Prof. Allie Dubb from Israel, examined the processes which led churches to take key roles in the struggle against AIDS.

During her stay in Kenya in 1996–1997, Sabar broadened the scope of her research on churches to include their contributions to the effort to prevent the further spread of AIDS. She was one of the organizers of the 9th international conference on AIDS prevention, which was attended by renowned scholars on AIDS, including Professor Robert Gallo and Professor Jonathan Mann. From 1997 to 2002, she led an international team of experts which studied the economic, social, ethnic and religious elements which affect Kenyan teenagers in their engagement in sexual relations.
AIDS Education Prevention in Multi-Cultural Societies

This book is a collection of essays edited by Sabar together with Inon Schenker and Francisco Sy. Published in 1996, the book brought together articles from various disciplines (e.g., women and AIDS, religion and AIDS, art and AIDS) and from various places, all of which dealt with AIDS prevention. This was the first book in the corpus of AIDS prevention research to tackle the disease from such a wide perspective. While today such an interdisciplinary approach is widely accepted, at the time of the book's publication, it was rather revolutionary.

Modern Kenyan History: From a White Man’s Colony to an Independent Country
Sabar, with Professor Mordechai Tamarkin, co-authored this book, which was published in 1997 by the Open University of Israel. It was the first Hebrew-language book to analyze the modern political history of Kenya from the early 1900s to 1992. The book's uniqueness is its attempt to link classical historical writing with writing from other perspectives, including that of gender, workers' unions and religious congregations. The book's main innovation is in its emphasis on the centrality of Christianity in shaping the Kenyan political arena.

African labor migrants
Starting in 1998, Sabar embarked on a large-scale research project on African labor migrants in Israel. During eight years of extensive field research, she actively participated in their various social activities: churches, sports associations and educational initiatives, attempting to gain insights into their lives, modes of thought and worldviews. In her research, Sabar points at the labor migrants' double identity, as endorsed by the churches: on the one hand, a Christian-religious identity adjusted to life in Israel, and on the other hand, a trans-national modern identity, in line with the globalization process. The findings from her research were published in academic journals.

"We're Not Here to Stay: African Migrant Workers in Israel and Back in Africa". Tel Aviv University Press, 2008.
Following massive deportation of non-documented African labor migrants from Israel, Sabar followed the migrants back to their home countries. In 2008, she published We’re Not Here to Stay, a book that traces and analyzes the full circle of migration: leaving home, establishing life in Israel and returning home. The book analyzes the social, religious and political structures labor migrants established in Israel and their life histories once returning home. In a paper entitled " African-Israel-Africa. Return migration experiences of African Labor migrants", Sabar highlights the significance of the non-material assets returning migrants brought back with them as a key factor in determining the nature of their return experience.

Since 2007 Sabar has focused her research on African asylum seekers, mainly from Sudan and Eritrea, who have entered Israel through its penetrable Egyptian border. Sabar has focused her research on the asylum seekers’ social and cultural lives. In a comparative article entitled "Israel and the ‘Holy Land’: The Religio-Political Discourse of Rights among African Migrant Labourers and African Asylum Seekers, 1990–2008," she explores the religious arena of African Christians in Israel. In a joint research project with Rachel Posner, she highlights the cultural life of African asylum seekers with special emphasis on local restaurants as culinary safe havens.

Selected list of publications
Sabar Galia (2013) "Between Israel and the Holy Land: The Role of AIC's within African Transnational Migration to Israel," Journal of Levantine Studies, Vol. 3(1).
Sabar Galia (2013) "Africa-Israel-Africa; Return Migration Experience of African Labour Migrants," Migration Letters, Vol. 10(1): 57–70.
G. Sabar, We're Not Here to Stay: African migrant Workers in Israel and Back in Africa， Tel Aviv: Tel Aviv University Press, 2008. (in Hebrew).
G. Sabar (2006) Une migration inachevée ? Réflexions sur la communauté africaine de travailleurs migrants en Israël, à la veille de sa disparition. The Cahiers des Anneaux de la Mémoire N° 9
G. Sabar  and S. Kanari, (2006)“’ I’m Singing my way up’ – The significance of Music amongst African Christian migrants in Israel,” in Studies in World Christianity: the Edinburgh Review of Theology and Religion, Volume 12, Issue 2, pp. 101-125.
G. Sabar(2005), "African Christianity in the Jewish State: Adaptation, Accommodation and Legitimization of Migrant Workers’ Churches 1990-2003",in Journal of Religion in Africa : 407 – 437.
G. Sabar (2007) "The Rise and Fall of African Migrant Churches: Transformation in African Religious Discourses and Practices in Tel Aviv," in Sarah S. Willen ed. Transnational Migration to Israel in Global Comparative Context, London: Lexinon Books.G. Sabar, Church, State and Society in Kenya – From Mediation to Opposition, 1963–1993, London: Frank Cass, 2002.
M. Tamarkin and G. Sabar-Friedman, Modern Kenyan History; From a White Man’s Colony to an Independent Country, Tel Aviv: Open University Press, 1997. (in Hebrew).
G. Sabar-Friedman (1997), “Church and State in Kenya, 1986-1992: The Churches’ Involvement in the ‘Game of Change’," African Affairs, Vol. 96: pp. 25–52.
I. Schenker, G. Sabar-Friedman and I. Francisco (eds.), AIDS Education Prevention in Multi-Cultural Societies, New York: Plenum Press, 1996.

References

External links
 Galia Sabar's Website at Tel Aviv University
 Channel 2, Koby Meidan Interviews Prof. Sabar,
 Galia Sabar on African Studies at TAU

Israeli historians
Israeli women historians
Israeli activists
Israeli women activists
Israeli anthropologists
Israeli women anthropologists
Israeli orientalists
Tel Aviv University alumni
Hebrew University of Jerusalem alumni
Academic staff of Tel Aviv University
HIV/AIDS researchers
1963 births
Living people
Women orientalists
Jewish anthropologists
20th-century Israeli women writers
21st-century Israeli women writers


title: Messe für den Gründonnerstag

text:
The Messe für den Gründonnerstag (Mass for Maundy Thursday), WAB 9, is a missa brevis composed by Anton Bruckner in 1844.

History
Bruckner composed the , a Choral-Messe in F major (WAB 9) for mixed choir a cappella, in 1844 while he was a schoolteacher's assistant in Kronstorf. Bruckner dedicated the work to A.M.D.G.

The work, the manuscript of which is stored in the archive of Wels, was first published in band I, pp. 258–274 of the Göllerich/Auer biography. Thereafter, only the Gradual Christus factus est was issued by Anton Böhm & Sohn in 1931, so that the work was listed by Grasberger as Christus factus est, WAB 9.

The full setting of the mass is published in volume XXI/5 of the .

Setting
The work is divided into six parts:
 Gradual Christus factus est, F major
 Credo, C major
 Offertory Dextera Domini, F major
 Sanctus, E major
 Benedictus, G major
 Agnus Dei, F major
Total duration: about 10 minutes.

On the front page of Bruckner's manuscript is written:
Vierstimmige Choral-Messe ohne Kyrie und Gloria für den Gründonnerstag
auch mit fug[iertem] Kyr[ie] und Glor[ia] [1]845 comp[oniert]
A.M.D.G. comp[oniert] [1]844, Anton Bruckner
In front of page 3 of the manuscript is written  (At the Last Supper)

This Missa brevis exhibits as the previous Kronstorfer Messe relationships to Palestrina's style. It contained originally no Kyrie or Gloria, but included the Gradual Christus factus est and the Offertory Dextera Domini proper for the feast. Only the first part of the Credo is composed, until "descendit de caelis". The Sanctus is a slightly modified version of the Sanctus of the Kronstorfer Messe.

As also in the following Missa solemnis, Mass No. 1 and Mass No. 2 the first verse of the Credo is not composed and has to be intoned by the priest in Gregorian mode before the choir is going on.

The extra fugated Kyrie and Gloria, which were composed in 1845, have been lost.

Text
The text of Dextera Domini is derived from Psalm 117 in the Vulgata ().
{|
|
|style="padding-left:2em;"|The right hand of the Lord hath wrought strength;
The right hand of the Lord has exalted me.
I shall not die, but live, and declare the works of the Lord.
|}

Use in the modern liturgy
To make the Messe für den Gründonnerstag usable for Eucharist celebration
 Joseph Messner created in 1941 a Kyrie and a Gloria and completed the Credo, by using elements of the other parts of the Mass, and added an organ accompaniment ad libitum.
 Michael Stenov composed in 2018 a Kyrie and a Gloria, and completed the Credo fragment in Bruckner style. This completion was premiered in the Carmelite church of Linz during the Palm Sunday and Maundy Thursday celebrations.

Discography

Original setting
There is a single recording of the entire original setting of the Mass:
Rupert Gottfried Frieberger, Vokalensemble der Stiftsmusik Schlägl, Anton Bruckner – Kirchenmusikalische Werke – Fabian Records CD 5115,

Messner's arrangement
 Joseph Pančik, Prager Kammerchor, Josef Kšica (organ), Anton Bruckner – Motetten / Choral-Messe – CD Orfeo C 327 951 A, 1993

References

Sources
 August Göllerich, Anton Bruckner. Ein Lebens- und Schaffens-Bild,  – posthumous edited by Max Auer by G. Bosse, Regensburg, 1932
 Anton Bruckner – Sämtliche Werke, Band XXI: Kleine Kirchenmusikwerke, Musikwissenschaftlicher Verlag der Internationalen Bruckner-Gesellschaft, Hans Bauernfeind and Leopold Nowak (Editor), Vienna, 1984/2001
 Max Auer, Anton Bruckner. Sein Leben und Werk. Amalthea-Verlag, Vienna, c. 1950
 Robert Haas, Anton Bruckner, 2nd print (Reprint der Ausgabe Athenaion, Potsdam, 1934), Laaber Verlag, Regensburg, 1980.
 Uwe Harten, Anton Bruckner. Ein Handbuch. , Salzburg, 1996. .
 James Garrat, Palestrina and the German Romantic Imagination, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2004.
 John Williamson, The Cambridge Companion to Bruckner, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2004.
 Cornelis van Zwol, Anton Bruckner – Leven en Werken, Uit. Thot, Bussum, NL, 2012.

External links

Choralmesse / Messe für den Gründonnerstag Christus factus est, F-Dur, WAB 9 Critical discography by Hans Roelofs
Smaller sacred works (1835–1892) Gesamtausgabe – Volume XXI
 A live performance (Palm Sunday and Maundy Thursday, 2018) by Michael Stenov with the Cantores Carmeli, Linz, can be heard on YouTube:
Anton Bruckner - Messe für den Gründonnerstag, WAB 9 - original setting with lost Kyrie and Gloria, and incomplete parts of the Credo composed by Michael StenovNB:

Masses by Anton Bruckner
1844 compositions
Compositions in F major


title: Seethammadhara

text:
Seethammadhara is a neighborhood in the city of Visakhapatnam, India. The neighborhood is considered as the major residential area in the district. It is located within the jurisdiction of the Greater Visakhapatnam Municipal Corporation, which is responsible for the civic amenities in Seethammadhara. It is located in the central of Visakhapatnam city.

Seethammadhara mandal is one of the 46 mandals of Visakhapatnam District. It is under the administration of Visakhapatnam revenue division and the headquarters is located at Seethammadhara. The Mandal is bounded by Gopalapatnam, Maharanipeta and Bheemunipatnam mandals.

Wards
Seethammadara Mandal consists of following wards

Location and Geography

Seethammadara is located about 12 km from Visakhapatnam Airport and about 6 km from Visakhapatnam railway station. It lies to the north-west of Visakhapatnam City and is loosely bordered by Maddilapalem to the south and MVP Colony to the east, Gopalapatnam to the west, Maharanipeta to the south-east.

Hospitals
The nearest major hospitals to Seethammadhara are Queens NRI Hospital, NRI Hospital, and Lions Cancer Hospital which is well known for the cancer treatment facilities available.

Transport
Seethammadhara is well connected to most locations of the city by the state-owned bus service, APSRTC. Apart from the city buses many RTC and private operators run inter-city buses with Seethammadhara as a starting point.

APSRTC routes

References

Neighbourhoods in Visakhapatnam


title: Maurice Allingham

text:
Maurice William Allingham (19 August 1896 – 15 September 1993) was an Australian rules footballer from South Australia. He was the Port Adelaide Football Club's leading goal kicker on four occasions and won the club's best and fairest in 1931. He enlisted for duty during World War I on 16 February 1917 and was part of the 5th Machine Gun Battalion. He returned to Australia on 5 July 1919 and was awarded the British War Medal and Victory Medal for his duties.

References

External links

Australian rules footballers from South Australia
Port Adelaide Football Club (SANFL) players
Port Adelaide Football Club players (all competitions)
1993 deaths
1896 births
Australian military personnel of World War I


title: Mikko Kouki

text:
Mikko Kouki (born 14 September 1967) is a Finnish actor. He has appeared in more than thirty films since 1986.

Selected filmography

References

External links

1967 births
Living people
People from Lohja
Finnish male film actors
Finnish male television actors
21st-century Finnish male actors


title: RAF Little Horwood

text:
Royal Air Force Little Horwood or more simply RAF Little Horwood is a former Royal Air Force station. It was established during the Second World War, and is located on the site of Greenway Farm in Aylesbury Vale, north east Buckinghamshire. The airfield sits within a triangle formed by Little Horwood, Great Horwood, and Winslow. It was in operation from September 1942 until January 1946. It is now mostly returned to agricultural use.

History
The airfield was established as a base for Operational - Replacement Training Units to train recruits for combat and also for "nickelling", the dropping of propaganda leaflets. The airfield went operational on 2 September 1942 and served as a satellite for RAF Wing.

The runway was built of rubble from bomb damaged London. Vickers Wellington Bombers from No. 26 OTU arrived along with OTU Gunnery section and the 92 Group Communications flight to commence the basic training of recruits.

No. 1684 OTU Bomber Defence Training Flight moved to Little Horwood on 5 June 1943 and simulation battles were undertaken using Curtiss Tomahawk aircraft. Flying ended at Little Horwood on 30 November 1945 with the remnants of No. 26 OTU remaining until January 1946.

On 7 August 1943, a Wellington Bomber X3790 from the airfield crashed into Winslow town centre killing four crew and 13 civilians.

The site has been subject to several major development proposals in recent years, but these have not been well received locally and have all been rejected.

References

Royal Air Force stations in Buckinghamshire
Royal Air Force stations of World War II in the United Kingdom


title: Kvinden & Samfundet

text:
Kvinden & Samfundet (Woman & Society) is a Danish feminist magazine and the official publication of the Danish Women's Society. It has been published since 1885.

History
The Danish Women's Society was founded in 1871 by Matilde Bajer and her husband Fredrik Bajer and the society's official magazine, Kvinden & Samfundet, was established in 1885. Its first editor, Elisabeth Grundtvig, headed the magazine from 1885 to 1886. Initially, the magazine focused on raising awareness of and generating debate about the position of women in Danish society. The first issue of the magazine set out four specific aims: to provide information about the status of Danish women; to publish accounts from "civilised countries" about the status of women and feminist movements abroad; to encourage debate from varied perspectives; and to propose reforms that would allow Danish women the right to vote (which was granted in 1915).

It was published 8–12 times a year until 1899, when its frequency increased to 22 issues per year. In 1899, the editors of Kvinden & Samfundet launched a campaign to increase their readership amongst working-class women by publishing a series of articles about their working and living conditions; over the next 15 years the journal closely followed developments in legislation of women's labour. From 1913 to 1919, the magazine was edited by Gyrithe Lemche, a writer and historian who also served on the executive committee of the Danish Women's Society. During the 1930s, the magazine and society were aligned with the Social Democrats party.

As the Danish Women's Society grew in size, Kvinden & Samfundet functioned as a method for members of the society around the country to stay in contact. Over time, as the feminist movement in Denmark progressed and gender inequality decreased, the magazine shifted its focus; its content now explores issues in gender, politics and culture from a party-neutral feminist perspective. Currently, the magazine is run by a team of volunteer editors. It is published five times yearly, with each issue costing 50 kr.

Claims
On its website, Kvinden & Samfundet claims to be the oldest women's magazine in the world. In a 2013 book titled The Women's Movement in Protest, Institutions and the Internet, Swedish political scientist Drude Dahlerup wrote that Kvinden & Samfundet is probably the world's oldest feminist magazine.

See also
 List of magazines in Denmark

References

External links

1885 establishments in Denmark
Danish-language magazines
Women's magazines published in Denmark
Feminism in Denmark
Feminist magazines
Magazines established in 1885
First-wave feminism in Denmark


title: Greenwood Cemetery (Nashville, Tennessee)

text:
Greenwood Cemetery is situated at 1428 Elm Hill Pike, Nashville in Davidson County, Tennessee, United States.  When opened in 1888, it was only the second cemetery in Nashville for African Americans.

History
The cemetery was founded by local pastor and businessman Preston Taylor in 1888.  Taylor had been born a slave in Louisiana in 1849.  He settled in Nashville in 1884, where he became a well known minister and businessman.  In 1887 he conceived the idea of establishing a cemetery for African Americans on   of land near Buttermilk Ridge at Elm Hill Road.  He purchased the land in 1887 for $30,000, and in 1888 he established Greenwood Cemetery.  Its purpose was to provide low cost, first class burial plots for African-American residents of Nashville.

Concurrently he established a mortuary, Taylor Funeral Company, at 449 North Cherry Street, now Fourth Avenue (not related to today's Taylor Funeral Home of Nashville).  Taylor operated the cemetery himself until his death in 1931, bequeathing it to the National Christian Missionary Convention of the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ).  The cemetery remains a nonprofit organization.

(Taylor also established Greenwood Park, the first park in Nashville open to African-Americans, in 1904.)

Notable interments
When Taylor died in 1931 he was interred at Greenwood after a full week of memorial activities.  His wife Georgia Gordon Taylor is also buried there.

Other notable individuals interred there include Arna Bontemps, William Edmondson (sculptor), Charles S. Johnson, John Merritt, James C. Napier, DeFord Bailey, Marshall Keeble, Mattie Eliza Coleman, and John Houston Burrus.

See also
 List of cemeteries in the United States

References

External links

African-American history in Nashville, Tennessee
Cemeteries in Nashville, Tennessee
African-American cemeteries in Tennessee
1888 establishments in Tennessee
Cemeteries established in the 1880s


title: 2013–14 Linafoot

text:
The 2013–14 Linafoot season (known as the Vodacom Super Ligue 2013–14 for sponsorship reasons) was the 53rd since its establishment. It started on 27 October 2013, and concluded 11 May 2014. A total of 16 clubs participated in the 2013–14 season.

League table

Group A

Group B

Championship Play off

References

Linafoot seasons
football
football
Congo


title: Shock (character)

text:
Shock (Ariel Tremmore) is a supervillain in the Marvel Comics universe. A psychopathic killer, she fought with Daredevil in New York City. Shock possesses the power to induce fear and hallucinations in other people by releasing pheromones through her skin.

Publication history

Shock was introduced in Daredevil #314 (March 1993).

Fictional character biography
Ariel Tremmore is the illegitimate daughter of Alan Fagan and Cora Tremmore, and hence the grand-niece of Larry Cranston. Alan refused to take any responsibility for Ariel, abandoning both Cora and Ariel.

Cora grew angry at Alan, and this anger rubbed off on her as she grew up. After Cora died in a horrific workplace accident, Ariel dedicated herself to her mother's goal of being better than her father and sought vengeance for her father's absence in their lives and for the embarrassment of having the notorious Mister Fear as a father.

Ariel found that she needed a source of income to live in the city and she turned to a variety of ways of making money, including theft and prostitution.

Eventually, Ariel paid a group of prison inmates to attack her imprisoned father and to bring her a piece of skin from Fagan's face. Ariel took the sample to a chemist to be examined; Ariel theorised that her father's skin sample would be laced with some of Mister Fear's fear-gas. This was of interest to Ariel as she was determined to produce a new and improved fear chemical for use against her father. Once the chemical had been synthesised, Ariel injected said chemical into her own body and was transformed into a fearsome looking creature. She decided to call herself as the creature "Shock", the Mistress of Fear.

Using her newfound powers, Shock terrorized the population of New York City's population and attracted Daredevil's attention. Daredevil's super-senses to trace the chemical scent back to Ariel. Transforming into Shock, she used her abilities to enrage Daredevil, and she knocked the superhero off the top of the building as they fought. They both landed safely, and Shock escaped by using her powers to cause panic in the streets.

Shock then visited her father in hospital. He was dying, but Shock tormented Fagan with her powers until Fagan's vital signs began to strengthen. At the same time, Daredevil tracked her down again ready to bring her in. But this time, she caused Daredevil to hallucinate being attacked by Elektra.

In turn, Daredevil managed to keep a head clear long enough from illusions to force Shock to take another dose of her chemical. This transformed her back into her human form, and made it easy for her to be arrested. While she was being sent to jail, Ariel's hands turned back to their taloned form and she readied herself to break free.

Powers and abilities
By consuming the chemical synthesized by her father's skin, Ariel transformed into a monstrous, nightmarish creature with razor sharp teeth and talons, scaly-skin with pointed ears and long red hair; she is known as Shock in this form.

Shock can generate terror, rage, hallucinations and hatred in other people through pheromones released through her skin.

She did not appear to be able to generate her emotion manipulating pheromones in her human form. However, the ending of her last appearance suggests that she may be able to transform to and from her monstrous form at will, rather than relying on chemicals.

References

External links

Comics characters introduced in 1993
Fictional characters from New York City
Fictional mass murderers
Daredevil (Marvel Comics)
Marvel Comics female supervillains
Fictional prostitutes
Fictional illusionists


title: Kader Hançar

text:
Kader Hançar (born 12 November 1999) is a Turkish footballer who plays as a striker for the Turkish Women's Football Super League club Fatih Vatan Spor, and the Turkey women's national team.

Club career

Kader Hançar obtained her license on August 4, 2011. She debuted in the Turkish Women's First League on November 3, 2013, at the age of only 13.

Hançar plays futsal in her high school's team. She was part of the team representing Turkey at the 2014 ISF World Schools Futsal Championship held in Italy that became champion in the girls' category. She was the second-ranked top scorer of the tournament with 15 goals following her teammate Hilal Çetinkaya, who netted 17 goals.

Hançar transferred to the Izmir-based Konak Belediyespor, the rival team of Ataşehir Belediyespor, on August 18, 2017. She debuted at the UEFA Women's Champions League playing in the 2017–18 qualifying round held in Tbilisi, Georgie and scored two of the five goals of her team in the first match against WFC Martve. In the second game, she netted even a hat-trick of her team's five goals against the Slovakian Partizán Bardejov. In the third game of the qualifying round  with Gintra Universitetas from Lithuania, she scored the only goal of Konak Belediyespor, who lost by 1–3 and failed to advance further.

She was transferred by the 2018–19 Women's First League champion Beşiktaş J.K. to play in the 2019–20 UEFA Women's Champions League – Group 9 matches. She scored the only goal of her team in the first game against the Polish Górnik Łęczna. She netted also one goal against the Armenian Alashkert.

In the |2019–20 Women's First League season, she was loaned out from Beşiktaş J.K. to Konak Belediyespor, where she played the first half of the season only. Hançar moved then to Spain to join on 22 January 2020 the Pamplona-based CA Osasuna Femenino, where she plays in the Segunda División Pro.
Following her team Beşiktaş J.K.'s champions title in the 2020–21 Turkcell League season, she played in two matches of the 2021–22 UEFA Women's Champions League qualifying rounds.

In December 2021, before the beginning of the 2021–22 Women's Super League, she underwent a surgey on her right foot due to a calcaneal bone cyst  with ankle medial malleolus.

For the 2022–23 Super League season, she transferred to Fatih Vatan Spor.

International

After playing in the Turkey girls' national U-15 team's two friendly matches and scoring one goal, she was admitted to the Turkey U-17 team appearing in the friendly match against Greece on March 2, 2014.  After scoring two goals in two games with the Turkey U-17, she was called up to the Turkey U-19 team. On March 18, 2014, she debuted in the Turkey U-19 team still at the age of 14. She played in three games of the 2015 UEFA Women's Under-17 Championship qualification- Elite round, and scored two goals.

Hançar appeared in three matches of the 2017 UEFA Women's Under-19 Championship qualification.

(†): Friendly matches not included

Career statistics
.

Honours
Turkish Women's First League
 Ataşehir Belediyespor
 Runners-up (3): 2013–14, 2014–15, 2015–16
 Third places (1): 2016–17

 Konak Belediyespor
 Third places (1): 2017–18, 2018–19

 Beşiktaş J.K.
 Winners (1): 2020–21

References

External links

Living people
1999 births
People from Kadıköy
Footballers from Istanbul
Turkish women's footballers
Women's association football forwards
Turkey women's international footballers
Turkish expatriate women's footballers
Turkish expatriate sportspeople in Spain
Expatriate women's footballers in Spain
CA Osasuna players
Ataşehir Belediyespor players
Konak Belediyespor players
Beşiktaş J.K. (women's football) players
Turkish Women's Football Super League players
Turkish women's futsal players
Fatih Vatan Spor players


title: Jeremiah Kuder

text:
Jeremiah Kuder (July 12, 1835 - May 25, 1916) was an American soldier who fought in the American Civil War. Kuder received his country's highest award for bravery during combat, the Medal of Honor. Kuder's medal was won for capturing the flag of the actions during the Battle of Jonesborough on September 1, 1864. He was honored with the award on April 7, 1865.

Kuder was born in Tiffin, Ohio, entered service in Warsaw, Indiana, and was later buried at the Marion National Cemetery in Marion, Indiana.

Medal of Honor citation

See also
List of American Civil War Medal of Honor recipients: G–L

References

1835 births
1916 deaths
American Civil War recipients of the Medal of Honor
People of Indiana in the American Civil War
Union Army officers
United States Army Medal of Honor recipients


title: Vingis Park Rugby Stadium

text:
Vingis Park Rugby Stadium () is a rugby union stadium in Vilnius, Lithuania. It is located in Vingis Park, next to the city's main athletics stadium,  .

In 2014 the stadium hosted the 2014 European Women's Sevens Championship Division B.

References

Rugby union stadiums in Lithuania
Sports venues in Vilnius


title: Auckland Airport Line

text:
The Auckland Airport Line was a proposed heavy rail line in Auckland, New Zealand, that would have linked Auckland Airport with the Auckland central business district via central isthmus suburbs.

As of 2022, the plan is to implement the connection via a new light rail line.

History
The main barrier to a rail link was the crossing of the Manukau Harbour between Onehunga and the suburb Māngere Bridge. Transit New Zealand announced in 2007 that a new motorway bridge duplicating, and alongside, the existing 1983 Māngere Bridge would be designed to accommodate a rail link. In September 2007, Auckland Regional Transport Authority announced that it was willing to pay Transit $2.5 million to "future-proof" the duplication of the bridge in order "to accommodate a passenger rail connection".

The duplication of the bridge was completed in 2010. The new bridge can technically accommodate a rail link, however this is a curved, single-track alignment with a design speed of 20 km/h. The successor to Transit New Zealand, NZ Transport Agency, provided for a rail corridor near the motorway as far as Walmsley Road. The proposed heavy rail line was the most popular with the public of the three Auckland rail proposals of Mayor Len Brown, although the number of trains would be limited without the City Rail Link to Britomart Transport Centre. Brown had promised a rail link to the Airport during his 2010 election campaign as part of a package of measures to double public transport patronage within 15 years.

The official name for the airport link in the Long-term Plan 2012–2022 is the South Western Airport Multi Modal Corridor Project.

The Airport rail link planning study commenced in 2010.

The Auckland Airport company asked for a decision by mid-2016 whether a rail or bus station would be needed at the airport, as it was planning a new domestic terminal, with construction to start in 2021.

Escalating costs (estimated at $1.63b) for the heavy rail line to the Airport prompted some to raise the possibility of the route being served by light rail between Onehunga and the airport as an alternative to heavy rail. This option would make use of existing infrastructure where possible to reduce expenses and would involve an interchange with the existing heavy rail services at Onehunga.

The line was initially conceived as an extension of the Onehunga Branch line over the Māngere Bridge and via the suburbs of Māngere Bridge and Māngere. However the 2016 study identified this as an expensive option:
the need to double-track the branch line for high train frequencies
the high cost of grade-separating and closing level crossings on the branch line versus the less expensive but much less safe option of no grade-separation with barriers and pedestrian gates
the extent of viaducts and tunnelling required for an underground terminus under the airport terminal, with a decision needing to be made in time for the airport to begin construction of a new domestic terminal

These made an extension of Auckland's heavy rail network an expensive option. This heavy rail option would add three new stations (at Māngere Bridge, Māngere and the airport terminal) and require airport trains to run via the already-congested tracks and junctions of the inner Southern Line.

The heavy rail option would result in a journey time of 39 minutes from the airport to Britomart Transport Centre in Auckland CBD, at an estimated cost of NZ$2.2 billion.

Light rail

The choice of mode and alignment for the Airport Line remained contentious. In the 2017 general election campaign, promises of light rail to the airport were made by the Labour Party, which established the Sixth Labour Government with a coalition agreement. One coalition partner, the Green Party, also favoured light rail although the other partner, New Zealand First, favoured the earlier heavy rail scheme. The previous (National Party) government said that light rail would be eventually required, but would not happen for thirty years.

On 28 January 2022, Transport Minister Michael Wood announced that the New Zealand Government has approved a NZ$14.6 billion project to establish a partially tunnelled light rail network between Auckland Airport and the Wynyard Quarter via the Auckland CBD. While the Green Party's Ricardo Menéndez welcomed the planned rail link, the ACT Party's transport spokesperson Simon Court claimed the project would be wasteful in terms of tax revenue.

References

Proposed railway lines in New Zealand
Public transport in Auckland
Rail transport in Auckland
Cancelled airport rail links
History of Auckland


title: Erik Braal

text:
Erik Braal (born May 16, 1971) is a Dutch professional basketball coach, currently serving as head coach for Heroes Den Bosch. He was the head coach of Donar from 2015 until 2020. Braal was the most successful coach ever for the club with seven trophies won.

Career
Braal was head coach of Rotterdam Basketbal for five years, from 2003 till 2008. After that he became head coach of West-Brabant Giants. He led the team to the Dutch Finals for the first time in club history, in 2009–10.

In 2011 he signed with Aris Leeuwarden. In 2012–13 he led Aris to the Finals, also for the first time in history. His team surprised everyone by beating heavy favorite EiffelTowers Den Bosch in the semifinals.

In March 2014, he signed with Austrian team Oberwart Gunners.  Oberwart Gunners fired Braal during the 2004 / 2015 season due to poor results.

In June 2015, he signed a two-year deal with Donar Groningen.On 14 April 2020, Donar announced Braal's contract would not be extended in mutual consent. Braal won the most trophies in club history, with seven in total.

On 15 June 2021, Braal signed a 2-year contract with Heroes Den Bosch. He won the 2021–22 Dutch national championship with Den Bosch after beating ZZ Leiden 3–2 in the Dutch finals.

Honours
Donar
4× Dutch Basketball League: (2016, 2017, 2018, 2022)
3× Dutch Supercup: (2016, 2018, 2022)
2× Dutch Cup: (2017, 2018)

Individual awards
4× DBL Coach of the Year: (2006, 2008, 2017, 2018)
FIBA Europe Cup Fan Vote Coach of the Year: (2018)

References

Living people
Dutch basketball coaches
Dutch Basketball League coaches
People from Werkendam
Feyenoord Basketball coaches
Donar (basketball club) coaches
West-Brabant Giants coaches
Heroes Den Bosch coaches
Aris Leeuwarden coaches
Oberwart Gunners coaches
1976 births
Sportspeople from North Brabant


title: 2011 Torridge District Council election

text:
The 2011 Torridge District Council election took place on 5 May 2011 to elect members of Torridge District Council in Devon, England. The whole council was up for election and the council stayed under no overall control.

Background
At the previous election in 2007 no party won a majority on the council with 13 Conservative, 13 independent, 8 Liberal Democrats and 2 Green party councillors elected. However between 2007 and 2011 there were a number of changes on the council, with 3 Liberal Democrat councillors, Caroline Church, Simon Inch and Tony Inch, quitting the party in July 2007 to sit as independents. All 3 would then join the Conservatives, with Simon and Tony Inch joining the Conservatives in April 2010 to back the local Conservative Member of Parliament Geoffrey Cox at the 2010 general election. There were also 2 by-elections in 2009, with the Liberal Democrats gaining a seat in Hartland and Bradworthy from an independent, but also losing a seat in Holsworthy to another independent.

11 of the 36 councillors stood down at the election, including the leader of the Conservative council James Morrish. A total of 80 candidates stood at the election for the 36 seats contested, 25 Conservatives, 23 Liberal Democrats, 18 independents, 6 Labour and 4 each from the Green Party and UK Independence Party. 3 independent candidates were elected with no opposition, Phil Pennington in Monkleigh and Littleham, Ken James in Tamarside and David Lausen in Winkleigh, down from 7 unopposed candidates at the 2007 election. Meanwhile, Len Ford, who had represented Appledore as a Liberal Democrat councillor, had left the party and contested Bideford East as an independent.

Election result
The Conservatives won half of the seats on the council, falling 1 seat short of winning a majority. This was the closest any political party had come to having a majority since the first election to the council in 1973. Overall turnout at the election was 45.2%, up from 42.1% in 2007. This ranged from a high of 57.2% in Three Moors to a low of 32.3% in Bideford South.

Independents dropped to 10 councillors, while the Liberal Democrats rose to 6 seats and the Greens won 1 seat. Meanwhile, Labour won their first seat on the council since 2003, after David Brenton gained a seat in Bideford South from the mayor of Bideford, Conservative Philip Pester. He was one of 14 new councillors after the election.

Following the election Conservative Barry Parsons became the new leader of the council.

Ward results

By-elections between 2011 and 2015

Shebbear and Langtree
A by-election was held in Shebbear and Langtree ward on 15 August 2013 after Conservative councillor John Lewis resigned from the council. David Hurley held the seat for the Conservatives with a majority of 23 votes.

Torrington
A by-election was held in Torrington ward after Liberal Democrat councillor Geoff Lee resigned from the council due to leaving the area. The seat was gained for the Green party by Cathrine Simmons with a majority of 111 votes.

Bideford East
A by-election was held in Bideford East ward on 20 March 2014 after the death of independent councillor Steve Clarke. The seat was won by another independent Sam Robinson by a majority of 145 votes.

Kenwith
A by-election was held on 10 July 2014 for Kenwith ward after independent councillor Kathy Murdoch resigned from the council. Kathy Murdoch had been elected as a Conservative but left the party to sit as an independent in June 2012. The seat was gained for the Conservatives by Alison Boyle with a majority of 37 votes.

References

2011
2011 English local elections
2010s in Devon


title: List of European Rally Championship drivers

text:
This is a list of drivers to have competed in the FIA European Rally Championship since 1953 and between 2007 and 2011, the period when drivers had to register for the championship until it merged with the Intercontinental Rally Challenge.

Drivers in bold have competed in this year's season, the 2018 season.

All ERC drivers

See also
List of World Rally Championship drivers

European Rally Championship drivers


title: OpenClonk

text:
OpenClonk is a free and open-source 2D multiplayer action game, in which the player controls small humanoids called "clonks". The main mechanics of the game include mining, settling, player vs player combat, and tactical gameplay. The game features a single-player and multiplayer mode, and supports cross-platform play across Microsoft Windows, Linux, and MacOS.

The OpenClonk project is a continuation of the Clonk game series and game engine, which are now discontinued. The source code is available under the ISC license and game content is licensed under CC BY-SA, CC BY and CC0.

Gameplay

The player controls clonks, which can perform various tasks ranging from shoveling through dirt and throwing dynamite to mining gold, constructing buildings, and wielding swords. The game world consists of a dynamic and destructible landscape. The landscape is constructed out of different materials like earth, tunnels, sky, coal, ore, gold, and water. Players can destroy solid materials or liquids by using a variety of tools, which allows for dynamic gameplay.

Gameplay is focused on two gamemodes:

Settlement

The gamemode "Settlement" can be played cooperatively, where two or more players work towards a mutual goal. In Settlement, players build settlements using in-game resources such as: wood, metal, fire, and stones. Players face challenges such as inhospitable landscapes, transporting large objects, and natural disasters. The development of Settlements allow players to construct advanced items and vehicles, which allows them to fulfil more complex tasks and achieve various goals.

Goals for settlement rounds include:
 Wealth: gain a certain amount of gold (called clunkers).
 Expansion: expand your settlement to a certain area of the landscape.
 Mining: mine a certain amount of valuables like gold or gems.
 Statue Construction: gather statue parts and construct a statue.

Melee

The Melee gamemode is focused on the elimination of other players, which can last between 5 and 30 minutes. The player uses a single clonk to attack enemies with various weapons such as swords, bows, dynamite, grenade launchers, muskets, and catapults. Melee round goals include:
 Last Man Standing: players have a limited number of respawns and must survive as long as possible.
 Deathmatch: players must achieve a certain number of kills.
 Capture the Flag: capture enemy flags and bring them to your base to gain points.
 King of the Hill: try to defend a region as long as possible.

Development
OpenClonk development began with the release of the source code of Clonk Rage in February 2009 and a later release under the ISC license in May 2009. The website www.openclonk.org was founded at the same time, acting as a portal for both development and players. The source code and game content were first hosted using a Mercurial repository, but now uses a Git repository.

The game engine is programmed in C++ and is cross-platform. The game is available on Windows, Linux and Mac OS X, and can be compiled on FreeBSD. Game content is created using the game's own scripting language C4Script, and is developed simultaneously with the game engine. Since the game content and engine are completely separate, original game content can be created by anyone using the OpenClonk engine.

Development of OpenClonk is completely open and contributions from the community are often accepted as patches.

Releases
OpenClonk is being released on a regular basis with roughly a major release every year. Major releases are published when the engine or the game content has received large modifications or important features have been added. Minor releases are done for bug fixes and small updates to the game content. The current stable version is OpenClonk 8.1, released on 17 March 2018.

 OpenClonk 1.0 (3 December 2010)
 OpenClonk 1.1 (28 December 2010)
 OpenClonk 1.2 (12 February 2011)
 OpenClonk 2.0 (1 October 2011)
 OpenClonk 2.1 (10 October 2011)
 OpenClonk 2.2 (10 February 2012)
 OpenClonk 3.0 (14 October 2012)
 OpenClonk 3.1 (15 October 2012)
 OpenClonk 3.2 (18 November 2012)
 OpenClonk 3.3 (10 March 2013)
 OpenClonk 4.0 (26 January 2014)
 OpenClonk 4.1 (16 February 2014)
 OpenClonk 5.0 (5 October 2014)
 OpenClonk 6.0 (15 March 2015)
 OpenClonk 6.1 (12 June 2015)
 OpenClonk 7.0 (16 January 2016)
 OpenClonk 8.0 (4 February 2018)
 OpenClonk 8.1 (17 March 2018)

Reception
In a popularity competition organized by the Linux Game Awards, OpenClonk received third place in the Project of the Month: March 2014. Linux Format named OpenClonk in September 2015 a "HotPick". Furthermore, on Desura in June 2015 OpenClonk achieved a 8.8/10 user rating. German computer magazine c't added OpenClonk to a DVD shipped with their magazine in April 2011.

See also

 Clonk
 List of open source games

References

External links

 Download
 OpenClonk  source code

2010 video games
Indie games
Open-source video games
Multiplayer online games
Windows games
Linux games
MacOS games
Creative Commons-licensed video games
Free software programmed in C++
Multiplayer and single-player video games
Software using the ISC license

de:Clonk


title: Izghe

text:
Izghe is a village in Gwoza Local Government Area, Borno State, Nigeria.

An massacre by Boko Haram on 15 February 2014 left 106 residents of the village dead. A second raid occurred a few days later, in which the village was burned to the ground.

See also
Izghe attack

References

Populated places in Borno State


title: Frozen City

text:
Frozen City () is a 2006 Finnish drama film directed by Aku Louhimies.

Cast
Janne Virtanen - Veli-Matti
Susanna Anteroinen - Hanna
Aada Hämes - Aada
Santtu Nuutinen - Santtu
Viivi Hämes - Viivi
Jari Pehkonen - Seppo

Awards
 Frozen city won five Jussi Awards (2007):Best director, best actor, best actress, best screenplay and best editing.

References

External links

2006 drama films
2006 films
Finnish drama films


title: Live at the Hilcrest Club 1958

text:
Live at the Hilcrest Club 1958 (originally released in 1970 by America Records as The Fabulous Paul Bley Quintet) is a live album by pianist Paul Bley, saxophonist Ornette Coleman, trumpeter Don Cherry, drummer Billy Higgins and bassist Charlie Haden recorded in California in 1958 and released on the Inner City label in 1976. The album was the first live recording of Ornette Coleman, made shortly after he recorded his first album, Something Else!!!! and featuring the group (without Bley) that would soon record the Atlantic albums The Shape of Jazz to Come (1959) and Change of the Century (1960).

Reception

Village Voice critic Robert Christgau rated the album an "A" on its release observing: "I have the feeling when I want people to understand what free jazz meant, this is what I'll play". The Allmusic reviewer wrote: "The recording quality is decent for the period, and avant-garde collectors will want to search for this pioneering effort". According to The Penguin Guide to Jazz: "This is clearly an important record and, technical difficulties aside, it should be in all modern collections. However, it isn't central to Bley's recorded output".

Track listing
All compositions by Ornette Coleman except as indicated
 "Klactoveesedstene" (Charlie Parker) – 12:04
 "I Remember Harlem" (Roy Eldridge) – 3:48
 "The Blessing" – 9:35
 "Free" – 5:39

Personnel
Paul Bley – piano
Ornette Coleman – alto saxophone
Don Cherry – cornet
Charlie Haden – bass
Billy Higgins – drums

References

1970 live albums
Paul Bley live albums
Ornette Coleman live albums
Inner City Records live albums


title: Berlin Festival

text:
Berlin Festival was an annual two-day outdoor rock/electronic music event that took place every September in Berlin. It was first organized in 2005, and over time its audience grew to about 20,000 visitors. At the European Festivals Awards 2013, Berlin Festival was awarded the prize for the 'Best European Festival Line-Up'.

After the Berlin Festival 2015, the organizers announced that they would take a "creative break" in 2016. There has not been another Berlin Festival since then, and the official home page has become unreachable.

See also
List of electronic music festivals

References

External links
 Berlin Festival - official site

Music festivals established in 2005
Music festivals in Berlin
Electronic music festivals in Germany
Autumn events in Germany


title: Cnemaspis girii

text:
Cnemaspis girii, also known as Giri's day gecko, is a species of geckos in the genus Cnemaspis described in 2014. The species, found in the forests of the Kaas plateau in Satara district, Maharashtra, India, was discovered by researchers from Bangalore's National Centre for Biological Sciences (NCBS) and Centre for Ecological Sciences (CES). The gecko lives under rocks and hollowed out trees near water bodies within its range.

Etymology
It is named after Dr. Varad Giri of the Bombay Natural History Society.

Description
The lizard has yellow dots on its body and is yellowish in color, and features dark markings on its  body with a black spot on its neck. It is usually smaller than two inches.

References

Cnemaspis
Reptiles of India
Reptiles described in 2014


title: 2013–14 Uruguayan Segunda División season

text:
The 2013–14 Uruguayan Segunda División was the season of the professional second division of football in Uruguay. A total of 14 teams competed; the top two teams and the winner of the Championship play-offs were promoted to the Uruguayan Primera División. The club in last position was relegated.

Club information

Standings

Promotion Playoffs

See also
2013–14 in Uruguayan football

Uruguayan Segunda División seasons
2013–14 in Uruguayan football
Uruguay
Uruguay


title: Disorder and Early Sorrow

text:
Disorder and Early Sorrow () is a 1925 novella written by Thomas Mann. It follows the fortunes of the Cornelius family through the perspective of Abel Cornelius (written in a third person narrative voice), a 47-year-old history professor at the local university, whose status in society was once highly respected but has diminished markedly. The Cornelius family is, in part, a reflection of Mann's own family. The novella explores the psychological and social impact of the Weimar hyperinflation. It first appeared in 1925 in a Festschrift celebrating Mann's 50th birthday in the publication Neue Rundschau. It first appeared in English in The Dial in two installments in 1926 (October and November). As an individual book, it was published in an English translation by Helen Tracy Lowe-Porter in 1929 and in one by Herman George Scheffauer in 1930. It was translated in 2023 by Damion Searls as "Chaotic World and Childhood Sorrow".

Damion Searls views it as "Mann's best story—it was Hemingway's favorite, too, for whatever that's worth. I think it belongs up there with James Joyce's 'The Dead' and anything you want to name by Gallant or Munro or Chekov at the very top of the canon of short fiction, but it is never, to my knowledge, singled out as such."

Plot summary
The novella is set in one day in Munich in Weimar Germany. The Cornelius family is preparing a party for Ingrid and Bert, Professor Cornelius's children. The family is divided up on the basis of chronology, foreshadowing a central theme of the work, which is the interplay between different generations at a time of dislocating social and economic change. In Lowe-Porter's translation, Ingrid and Bert, both adolescents, are "the big folk"; Professor Cornelius and his wife are "the old folk"; Ellie and Snapper (Lorrie and Biter in Searls' translation), their youngest children, are "the little folk"; and Professor Cornelius's parents, who are only discussed and who do not feature directly in the story, are "the ancients". In Searls' translation, they are, respectively, "the Bigs," "the Littles," "the Elders," and "the Ancients."

Film version
A West German film adaptation  was released in 1977, directed by Franz Seitz.

References

German novels adapted into films
Novellas by Thomas Mann
Works about the Weimar Republic
1925 German-language novels
1925 German novels