title: Dhenupureeswarar Temple (Madambakkam)

text:
Dhenupureeswarar Temple (also "Dhenupurisvara" and "Thiripureeswarar"),  is located in Madambakkam near Tambaram, Chennai. Dhenupureeswarar is the local name for the Hindu deity Shiva.

Religious significance

Dhenupureeswarar got his name because he gave moksha to a cow (). Sage Kapila is said to have been reborn as a cow for his sin of having improperly worshiped a Shiva lingam using his left hand. The cow continued to worship Shiva by pouring milk on a Shiva lingam buried in the ground. The cowherd initially punished the cow for wasting the milk, but when the villagers unearthed the Shiva lingam, Shiva appeared and granted moksha (liberation) to Kapila and forgave the cowherd who had mistreated him. Legend has it that the king had a dream of this occurrence at this site and had the temple built to commemorate it.

Dhenupureeswarar's consort here is Dhenukambal. The main building of the temple, which contains the statue of Dhenupureeswara in linga form, faces east and his consort faces south in a separate sanctum. The Shiva lingam is Swayambhu Lingam or self-manifested Lingam.

It is an interesting story of how the temple was discovered from its ruins. One of the Bhakts approached Maha Periyava Sri Chandra Sekarendra Saraswathi Swamigal and sought His blessings for his new built home at Selaiyur. Maha Periyava blessed him, and told him that there is an old Siva temple lying in ruins at a nearby village called Madambakkam. In those days, even Selaiyur was a distant suburb, and no one had heard of Madambakkam, even in Selaiyur. The Bhakt gathered some more men, and went in search of the temple. They cleared the bushes near the agricultural fields, and found an astounding temple in Chola architecture. They renovated it, performed Kumbabhishekam, and commenced daily pujas. The temple is now attracting thousands of people from nearby locations.

Construction
The temple was built between 956 and 973 CE during the reign of the Chola king, Parantaka Chola II, father of Raja Raja Chola I, who constructed the famous Brihadeeswarar Temple in Thanjavur. The main sanctum (), like some other Chola temples in and around Chennai, is apsidal in shape (Sanskrit: gajaprishta vimana) (also described as shaped like the back of a sleeping elephant), unlike most Hindu shrines, which are square or rectangular.

The temple is thought to have been consolidated with stones during the reign of Kulothunga Chola I.

Well-preserved Chola sculptures and carved pillar bases are present in and around both sanctums.

A number of fine inscriptions and sculptures dating to the Vijayanagara Empire are also preserved.

Restoration
The temple is one of a number of sites that have been conserved and restored under the auspices of the Archaeological Survey of India. Improvements included removing the damaged thick weathering course (roof surface) of the front mandapa and Amman Shrine and relaying with fresh weathering course.

The ASI states that the temple has been declared a monument of national importance under the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains (amendment and validation) 2010 Act.

The temple is a National Monuments Authority notified site upon which construction is banned.

Cultural significance
The 15th century Tamil poet Arunagirinathar's work contains a line mentioning the temple.

A number of religious festivals are celebrated at the temple, including Pradosha, Panguni Uttiram and during Navarathri, devotees visit to offer special pujas.

See also
List of Monuments of National Importance in Kanchipuram district
Heritage structures in Chennai

References

External links

 http://templesoftamilnadu.co.in/tag/thenupuriswarar/

Hindu temples in Chengalpattu district


title: The Voice of Poland (season 5)

text:
The Voice of Poland (season 5) began airing 6 September 2014 on TVP 2.

For this season, teams increased to 13 artists, up from 12 last season. "The Cross-Battles" were introduced in the semifinal.

Hosts and coaches

There had been rumours that Justyna Steczkowska and Marek Piekarczyk will not be returning for the fifth season. Halina Mlynkova, Grzegorz Skawiński and Janusz Panasewicz were said to join the judging panel. On 14 July 2014, it was announced that Marek Piekarczyk would be leaving the show. Maria Sadowska would be leaving the show too - she announced it on her fanpage on 15 July 2014. On 24 July 2014, Marika announced that she will not be returning for her fourth season as a host. On 26 July 2014 it was revealed that the judges will be Justyna Steczkowska, Tomson & Baron, Marek Piekarczyk and Edyta Górniak, who was a judge on season three. Despite information about Marek Piekarczyk's departure, he will return for his fourth season. On 7 August 2014 it was revealed, that Magdalena Mielcarz, who served as a host in season one, will return to the show replacing Marika.

Auditions
Auditions took place on 13, 14, 27 and 28 June and 5 July 2014 in Warsaw.

Teams
Color key

Blind auditions
The blind auditions were taped from 14 to 17 August 2014.

Color keys

Episode 1 (September 6, 2014)
The coaches performed "Tysiące głosów", polish version of "One Thousand Voices", at the start of the show.

Episode 2 (September 6, 2014)

Episode 3 (September 13, 2014)

Episode 4 (September 13, 2014)

Episode 5 (September 20, 2014)

Episode 6 (September 20, 2014)

Episode 7 (September 27, 2014)

Episode 8 (September 27, 2014)

Episode 9 (October 4, 2014)

Episode 10 (October 4, 2014)

The Battle rounds
The Battle rounds will be taped from 16 to 18 September 2014.

Color keys

Episode 11 (October 11, 2014)

Episode 12 (October 18, 2014)

Episode 13 (October 25, 2014)

The Knockouts

Before each knockout round the coach chooses two artists from their team to get a "fast pass" to the live shows, the remaining six artists from that team are then split up into two groups of three. At the end of each knockout round the coach then decides out of the three artists who wins, and therefore makes up their four artists to take to the live shows.

Episode 14 (November 8, 2014)
Color keys

Live Shows

Color keys

Episode 15 (November 15, 2014)

Episode 16 (November 22, 2014)

Episode 17 (November 29, 2014)
With the eliminations of Natalia Lubrano and Justyna Janik, Tomson & Baron had no more artists on their team, which marks the only season (so far) where a coach did not have an artist in the finale. With the advancement of Aleksandra Nizio and Gracjan Kalandyk, Steczkowska became the only coach that got more than one artist in the finale.

Final (December 6, 2014)

Results summary of live shows
Color keys
Artist's info

Result details

 Marta 'Sarsa' Markiewicz had to withdraw due to health problems. Justyna Janik took her place in the semifinal.

 Marek tried to steal the participants despite the lack of vacancies on his team.

Ratings

References

The Voice of Poland
2014 Polish television seasons


title: Bette Henritze

text:
Bette Joan Henritze (May 23, 1924 – February 22, 2018) was an American actress of stage, film, and television.

She played supporting roles in films like The World According to Garp, The Hospital, Far From Heaven, and Judy Berlin. She was most known for her work in Off-Broadway theatre. In 1967 she received the Obie Award for Best Actress for excellence in Off-Broadway work in the 1966-1967 theatre season.

Personal life
Henritze was born in Betsy Layne, Kentucky, the daughter of Ada (née Howell; 1905–1983) a secretary, and William Price Henritze (1901-1982), an electrician. She moved to New York City to study theatre at the American Academy of Dramatic Arts and the HB Studio.

Theatre
She made her Broadway debut in 1948 in Jenny Kissed Me, credited as Bette Howe. In 1950 Henritze was performing with the company at the Barter Theatre in Virginia. As a member of the Phoenix Theatre Company at the Phoenix Theatre in New York City (a now defunct off-Broadway house) she began performing with them in their 1959 production of The Power and the Glory as a peasant woman. She followed this with Lysistrata as Nikodike and in 1960 with performances in Peer Gynt, She Stoops to Conquer, and The Plough and the Stars as Bessie. In 1963, she was in the original cast of the Edward Albee play The Ballad of the Sad Café, starring Colleen Dewhurst.

She had made her Off-Broadway debut in 1956 performing in two plays by playwright Seán O'Casey, Purple Dust and Pictures in the Hallway. She also acted in several productions with the New York Shakespeare Festival including The Merchant of Venice, The Winter's Tale, and King Lear. In 1963, she played Mary Todd Lincoln in Abe Lincoln in Illinois at the Phoenix and then at Circle in the Square she played Emilia in Othello in 1964 and various roles in their 1965 production of Baal by Bertolt Brecht.

In 1967, Henritze was the only female acting recipient of the Obie Award for Best Actress in Off-Broadway theatre. She received the award after being hailed for her performances in Measure for Measure as Mariana, The Long Christmas Dinner as Ermengarde, Queens of France as Mademoiselle Pointevin, The Displaced Person as Mrs. Shortley, The Rimers of Eldritch as Mary  Windrod, and All's Well That Ends Well as Mariana. She followed this in 1968 with the Broadway musical Here's Where I Belong, that closed after one performance.

In 1970, she portrayed Anna Ames in The Happiness Cage, later reprising her role in the film version The Happiness Cage.
In 1972, she played Ursula in Much Ado About Nothing on Broadway,  and performed in the musical Lotta. In 1974, she was in the original Broadway cast alongside Janie Sell and Phyllis Somerville of Over Here!, which was nominated for the Tony Award for Best Musical. In 1978, she played Susan Ramsden in Man and Superman. In 1979, she appeared in the Roundabout Theatre Company production of A Month in the Country, which starred Tammy Grimes. In 1985, she was in the original cast of The Octette Bridge Club on Broadway. The following year, she performed with Marisa Tomei in Daughters, off-Broadway.

In 1989 she played Eva Temple in Orpheus Descending which starred Vanessa Redgrave. In 1990 she was in the original cast of Lettice and Lovage on Broadway which starred Maggie Smith and Margaret Tyzack. Her last Broadway credits were in Inherit the Wind in 1996, and the original cast of Waiting in the Wings by Noël Coward in 1999.

Film
Henritze made her film debut in the Oscar-winning film The Hospital (1971). In 1972 she played a role in Rage. In 1982 she appeared in the Oscar nominated film, The World According to Garp, and in 1986 Brighton Beach Memoirs as Mrs. Murphy. In 1991 she played Emma in Other People's Money and in 1998 as Mrs. Skinner in The Object of My Affection. In 1999, she played Dolores Engler in Judy Berlin. In 2002, Henritze appeared in the Oscar nominated film Far from Heaven as Mrs. Leacock, and in 2009 she appeared as Annie in Taking Woodstock.

Television
Henritze made her television debut on the series The Edge of Night and next appeared on The Defenders and East Side/West Side. She played the Mother in The Dangerous Christmas of Red Riding Hood starring Liza Minnelli in 1965. In 1973 she got to play the role of Ursula she had played Off-Broadway and on Broadway in Much Ado About Nothing when it was filmed for television. In 1996 she was in the cast of the Emmy Award-winning television movie, Harvest of Fire.

Death
On February 22, 2018, Henritze died in Lynbrook, New York, at the age of 93.

References

External links

1924 births
2018 deaths
20th-century American actresses
21st-century American actresses
Actresses from Kentucky
American film actresses
American stage actresses
American television actresses
Obie Award recipients
People from Floyd County, Kentucky


title: Arthur D. Houghton

text:
Arthur Duvernoix Houghton (June 8, 1870 - January 23, 1938) was a medical doctor, a botanist specializing in cacti, a member of the Los Angeles, California, City Council from 1904 to 1906 and one of the founders of the American Legion. In his early years he was a showman who presented performances in hypnotism and conducted seances.

Personal

Houghton was born in London, England, on June 8, 1871, and was educated at Oxford University and the Royal Military School of Engineers. He served in the British Army. Houghton had a medical degree and a doctorate of philosophy. He lived in Chicago, Illinois, where he was secretary of the South Side Business Men's League, and he was said to be in Los Angeles in November 1894, when he conducted  seances in that city. He moved to Los Angeles around 1902. He was married to Florence Gildersleeve of Chicago in June 1913.

Houghton played the role of Doctor Caius, a French physician, in a benefit Los Angeles performance of William Shakespeare's The Merry Wives of Windsor in April 1904. He was said to be of slight build and to have "auburn" or "pink topped" hair.

Houghton suffered a heart attack on November 29, 1933, as he was waiting to testify as an expert witness in a lawsuit.

He died on January 23, 1938, after being stricken on the train as he was returning to California from a trip to New York with others in a successful bid to have the 1938 American Legion convention held in Los Angeles. He was survived by his widow; their home was at 14714 Chatsworth Drive, San Fernando. His body lay in state in the rotunda of the Los Angeles City Hall, guarded by a phalanx of American Legionnaires; services were held at St. Paul's Episcopal Cathedral and private cremation followed.

Botany

Houghton was a noted botanist. He was author of The Cactus Book, published in 1931 by the Macmillan Company He was said to have discovered a "purple orange" in 1911, and he "boasted he was one of the few persons who could grow orchids in an open flower bed." He developed a succulent called "Houghton's Hybrid," Kalanchoe ×houghtoni (Kalanchoe delagoensis × daigremontiana). Kalanchoe ×houghtoni 'Pink Butterflies' has pink plantlets on its phylloclades.

In Los Angeles, his collection was a notable one, valued at $20,000 in 1906, with specimens of 800 varieties from "inaccessible deserts," from "Argentina, Patagonia, Mexico and other places.  . . .  German and Italian botanists have sent him specimens of the rarest kinds." He offered to donate it to the city for a park in Boyle Heights, but the offer was refused by the parks commission because the property offered by J. Harvey McCarthy on Stephenson Avenue between Pioneer Drive and Fresno Street already had a wooded ravine with an assortment of "magnificent trees."

By 1928, Houghton had moved to San Fernando, California, at 11224 Chatsworth Road, and he was specializing in development of the Watsonia.  "This is the finest crop I have had in twenty years," Houghton told a reporter. In 1929 Houghton was president of the Cactus Society of America

Municipal service

1904–1906 term

Ciry Councilman James P. Davenport, a Republican, was recalled by the voters on September 16, 1904, because he had voted in favor of a city printing contract awarded to the Los Angeles Times even though the Times''' bid was $10,000 higher than its nearest competitor. The recall petition also accused him of "aiding and abetting in the erection of a large and offensive slaughter-house."

Houghton,  a nonpartisan, was elected  on the same ballot to fill the balance of Potter's term. Houghton thus became the first person in the United States to succeed an ousted public official after a recall. He was seated in the council on September 20, 1904.

Houghton was elected to serve only until the end of Davenport's term, on December 8, 1904, so he faced another election on December 5, which he won in a plurality vote over Scholl, a Republican, and Weber, a Democrat.

Shortly after he was elected, Houghton told a reporter he supported the ideas of Herbert Spencer, the prominent classical liberal political theorist of the Victorian era, and he said that he was "in favor of less grade crossings and more statues."

 Newspaper endorsements

Davenport was supported by the Los Angeles Times and the Los Angeles Herald. Houghton had the backing of the Los Angeles Examiner,  the Los Angeles Express and the Los Angeles Record. Los Angeles Times

The Times questioned whether Houghton had ever become a U.S. citizen, and after the September election it hired a Chicago firm to check the records in that city. When none were found, the Times stated that "He has not shown that he is an American citizen." The Examiner, however, was able to produce a telegram from Chicago verifying that Arthur Howton, as the name was spelled, "took out his naturalization papers on March 31, 1892." The telegram was presented to the City Council by an Examiner reporter, and the council on September 20 thereupon seated Houghton by a unanimous vote."In Stormy Session Houghton Is Seated," Los Angeles Herald, September 21, 1904

The Times, at that time edited by the publisher, Harrison Gray Otis, generally spelled Houghton's name as "Howton.""Bearded Fish," Los Angeles Herald, April 21, 1909 "We notice with interest the demotion of Doctor Houghton in the columns of a morning pro-vice contemporary. This sheet used to refer to him as 'Doc' Howton. When he was advocating causes dear to the heart of our contemporary he was promoted to 'Dr. A.D. Houghton.' But he is demoted, and again he is 'Doc' Howton." and called him a "seancer" and a "spook" or a "spook doctor."

In a front-page article published on September 21, 1904, the Los Angeles Examiner, owned by William Randolph Hearst, claimed that reporter Fred Hopewell of the Times had stated in front of witnesses that:

General Otis says that he will drive you and your woman out of Los Angeles penniless. . . . we are to make a personal canvass among your friends and patients to prevent you from getting a practice. Before you go into the council we will make you sweat blood. We will make you cringe and go upon your knees and sue us for peace.

Hopewell denied the accusation in a signed statement in the Times the next day.

On September 22, 1904, the Times published a story alleging that "Arthur Howton" had moved from Chicago to San Francisco during the California Midwinter International Exposition of 1894 and took work as an electrical wireman. "He soon announced that this work was too strenuous and soon blossomed forth as a professor of hypnotism." The Times quoted articles from the San Francisco Examiner and the San Francisco Call, published on February 28, 1894, stating that Howton had attempted suicide by swallowing morphine and that authorities had discovered a note he had written expressing anguish over his unreturned love for a woman, The Times said Howton had then come to Los Angeles where he was "ordained a minister in the Spiritualist church and in little more than a week . . . he was exposed as a fake medium." The newspaper then said that "Prof. Arthur" subsequently made appearances in Denver, Colorado, and in Kenwood Hall, Chicago.

The Times continued:

In 1902 he came to Los Angeles and commenced to practice medicine without the formality of taking out a physician's certificate. This was objected to by the health officers and he later secured a certificate which passed the muster of the Health Office.

 Los Angeles Express and Los Angeles Tribune

Houghton received financial support from Edwin T. Earl, publisher of the evening Express and the morning Tribune, according to Houghton's testimony when he was a witness in a $150,000 libel action that Earl unsuccessfully brought in 1917 against the Los Angeles Record. Houghton said he had had two conferences with Earl during the 1904 councilmanic campaign, the second including a question from Earl asking "Why didn't you tell me that you had a past?" "He was very angry that I didn't go into my past, from the cradle up," Houghton testified, adding that the publisher said he had assigned a detective to follow Houghton for six weeks "and that he had the goods on me."

 'Resignation'
In a council session on June 9, 1905, Houghton submitted his resignation and left the council chamber after the council refused to bar Attorney C.C. Wright from speaking. He was insulted, Houghton said, because Wright had referred to him as Mister, rather than Doctor. Houghton returned in person on June 19 and, saying that his previous action had been "temporary," requested his seat be returned to him. After some public discussion and a closed meeting, the council allowed him to retain his position.

1917 and 1919 elections

By 1917, Los Angeles had adopted a new city charter, by which all City Council members ran on an at-large basis, with the top eighteen who survived the primary facing a runoff and the top nine of those being chosen at the second election. Houghton put his name in nomination, with one of his election planks being the construction of a new city jail with a modern receiving hospital. He survived the primary but in the final balloting in June 1917 he placed twelfth and so was not chosen."City Election Final Figures," Los Angeles Times, June 7, 1905, page II-2

Two days after the election, Houghton was walking near the City Hall with one of the victors, John R. Reeves, when Reeves was stricken by a heart attack but was revived when Houghton administered an injection of strychnine.

In 1919, Houghton ran again, but this time he came in 19th in the primary and so was defeated there.

Hospital

In September 1917, Houghton was appointed by Receiving Hospital Director John B. Gilmer to oversee the medical facilities at the city jail.

Arrest

No longer a City Council member, Houghton was arrested along with Sherman L. Dodge, a house painter, at Seventh Street and Grand Avenue on July 11, 1908, for speaking on the street without permission of the Police Commission. The arrest before a crowd of about 2,000 was "dramatic in the extreme," the Herald reported. "The crowd was largely composed of persons who had followed the Socialist speakers from Seventh and Main  when it was found that speaking at that point would seriously interfere with the movement of street car traffic."

Houghton said:

I was a member of the council when this unfair and unAmerican ordinance went through. I voted against it because I believed it to be not only unconstitutional but [also] iniquitous. . . . I believe the safety of the republic and the welfare of the nation demands that the principal of freedom of speech and of the press be held sacred.

After "a vigorous street speaking campaign . . . waged by Socialists,of whom more than a score were arrested," the ordinance was repealed and all those taken into custody were freed without trial.

World War I and American Legion

In April 1917 Houghton helped organize a medical reserves unit of the Home Guard, in which he had the rank of lieutenant-colonel. In June 1918 he helped begin a move to compel all British subjects between the ages of 18 and 50 "to enlist for service abroad," except for those "supporting dependents." He said aid in the campaign would come from the American Protective League.

Houghton resigned from city service in June 1918 to accept a commission in the Army Medical Corps. He left for his assignment in San Francisco, accompanied by his wife. At his death he was reported to have served in the 60th Coast Artillery.

After the war, Houghton was one of the 11 men who formed the American Legion veterans organization.

Syndicalism trial

Houghton was "the star witness" in the 1920 trial of Sydney R. Flowers, who was charged in a Los Angeles court with criminal syndicalism. Houghton told of his conversation with Flowers at the Soldiers' and Sailors' War Replacement Bureau, in which Flowers made a "general tirade against government" and "lauded the I.W.W. in Seattle." Defense attorney John Beardsley subjected Houghton to a "rigid cross-examination" in an effort to show that Houghton had been opposed by Flowers "in one of his ambitions and for that reason felt hostile toward him."

The defense called three witnesses to testify that Houghton's reputation for "truth, honesty and integrity" was "bad." Houghton, however, was vouched for by eleven witnesses, including Buron Fitts of the American Legion. Flowers eventually fled to Canada.

 Honors

Houghton had fellowships in the Royal Horticultural Society of England, the British Association for the Advancement of Science and the American Association for the Advancement of Science. In 1939 a tree was planted in his honor in an observance by more than a hundred military veterans at the Veterans Administration facility in today's North Hills, Los Angeles.

Further reading

 Statement in 1894 by M.A. Wright of the First Spiritualist Society that Arthur Howton "has not, nor will not, receive any ordination papers" from the society "until he shows himself worthy of such."
 Description of Arthur Howton, a "celebrated medium," performing a seance in 1894.
 A 1906 article by James M. Harris concerning some of Arthur Houghton's time as a hypnotist in Chicago.
 A 1916 letter from Houghton in the Alice Eastwood collection of the California Academy of Sciences archives.
 Column by Alma Whitaker of the Los Angeles Times criticizing a speech Houghton had made about military training and the coddling of soldiers.
 Photograph and description of cactus Kalanchoe kalanchoe.'' "Houghton’s Hybrid" or "Pink Butterflies."

References

1870 births
1938 deaths
Medical doctors from London
Botanists active in North America
Los Angeles City Council members
British emigrants to the United States


title: Thavakkara Bus Terminal Kannur

text:
Thavakkara Bus Terminal, also called Kannur Central Bus Terminal or Central Bus Terminal Complex, is a bus station in Kannur, Kerala, India. It is located near to Kannur Railway Station. It is also India's first bus terminal to be developed on a build-operate- transfer (BOT) basis.

Overview
The project is a joint venture of the Kannur Municipal Corporation and the KK Group, being implemented on Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT) concept. Most of the floors inside the terminal are marked for commercial purposes, which include central lobby, passengers waiting area and parking facilities.

Facilities
 Multiple Bus bays
 Parking Bay for Cars, Two Wheelers and Autorickshaws
 Food Courts
 Cloakroom
 Passenger Amenities

Services

Thavakkara Bus Terminal,  serves as the main boarding & alighting point in Kannur for all the passengers travelling outside city and state. It has buses catering to long distances services and short-distance buses.

There are many long-distance bus services which operates with in Kerala state and to various district headquarters. Interstate bus services towards Mangalore, Virajpet, Madikeri, Mysuru are also available from Thavakkara Bus Terminal.

The bus stand complex includes one luxury hotel, one budget hotel and one dormitory.

References

External links

Bus stations in Kerala
Transport in Kannur
Buildings and structures in Kannur
Year of establishment missing


title: Putkaqucha (Yauli)

text:
Putkaqucha (Quechua putka muddy (Jauja Quechua), qucha lake, lagoon, "muddy lake", Hispanicized spelling Putcacocha) is a lake in Peru located in the Junín Region, Yauli Province, Suitucancha District. It lies in the Paryaqaqa or Waruchiri mountain range, south of the mountain Putka.

There is a smaller lake of the same name nearby west of Putkaqucha. It lies at .

References

Lakes of Peru
Lakes of Junín Region


title: Brunswick Baptist Church

text:
The Brunswick Baptist Church is a Baptist church in 491 Sydney Road, ,  Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. The church is affiliated with the Australian Baptist Ministries.

History
The congregation was started in 1859 by Geo Burton and John Wallis, who were parishioners of the former Sydney Road Methodist Church (whose building now houses the Sydney Road Community School). As a result, the Baptist Church has been present on this site since 1862.The foundation stone was laid on 30 May 1889. However, the church building was only built in 1889.

The organ was built by Gray and Davison, and it was originally meant for St Pancras Old Church in central London. It was installed in this church in 1929 by Frederick Taylor, when it was donated to the church by Frederick William Biggs.

The current pastor is Mark Payne.

Heritage significance
The church building was designed in the Gothic Revival architectural style, polychrome masonry.

It was listed by Heritage Victoria with a "Heritage Overlay," which aims to protect places of local significance to Victoria.

References

Baptist churches in Melbourne
Churches completed in 1889
Gothic Revival architecture in Melbourne
19th-century Baptist churches
Gothic Revival church buildings in Australia
Buildings and structures in the City of Merri-bek
1889 establishments in Australia


title: South African cricket team in Zimbabwe in 2007–08

text:
The South African national cricket team toured Zimbabwe in August 2007 and played a three-match series of Limited Overs Internationals (LOI) which South Africa won 3–0 against the Zimbabwean national cricket team. South Africa were captained by Graeme Smith and Zimbabwe by Prosper Utseya.

References

External links

2007 in South African cricket
2007 in Zimbabwean cricket
South African cricket tours of Zimbabwe
International cricket competitions in 2007–08
Zimbabwean cricket seasons from 2000–01


title: Digamber Singh

text:
Digamber Singh (1 October 1951 - 27 October 2017) was an Indian politician, who served as a Cabinet Minister in the Government of Rajasthan. Singh spent over two decades as a Member of the Legislative Assembly, representing the Kumher Assembly constituency, later renamed as Deeg-Kumher. He held numerous imperative Cabinet portfolios in the Government of Rajasthan, including Minister of Health, Ayurveda, Family Welfare and from 2009 onwards as the Minister of Industries.

He was the Chairman of the Twenty Point Programme and held additional charges of the Ministries of Panchayati raj, Law, Agriculture and Social justice in the Government of Rajasthan. A prominent Jat leader, Singh was considered the face of the Bharatiya Janata Party in Eastern Rajasthan.

Early life and education
Digamber Singh was born on 1 October 1951 to a Hindu Jat family in the Bharatpur village of Barkhera Faujdar in Rajasthan. He was the second of six children. His father, Jawahar Singh, was a ‘Patwaari’ and his mother, Ramkali Devi, a home maker. His early education took place in Nagar, Rajasthan and secondary education in Jaipur. In 1973, he completed his MMBS from Dr. Sampurnanand Medical College in Jodhpur, Rajasthan.

Shortly after obtaining a degree in surgery and medicine, Singh began experiencing symptoms of muscle weakness and regular fatigue, and was hospitalised in AIIMS for a stroke. He convalesced at a hospital in New Delhi for a little less than a year before continuing his treatment at home. It took approximately two years to make a full recovery.

Medicine

Singh joined the state government's Department of Medicine as an obstetrician in 1977, initially in Nagar tehsil and later Kumher in Bharatpur, Rajasthan. In 1985, he left to open a private hospital, Shree Digamber Hospital, in Bharatpur. It is now known as the Shree Digamber Group of Hospitals. His years as an active medical practitioner are believed to have paved way for his political career.  He resigned from the Department of Medicine in 1992 to pursue politics.

Political career

Early career
Singh joined the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) in the late 1980s and served as the party's Bharatpur president between 1994 and 1997. Although, he is said to have been hesitant from stepping into politics, he was convinced by party leaders as Om Prakash Mathur and Lalit Kishore Chaturvedi. He was elected to the 10th Rajasthan National Assembly in 1993 from Kumher at the age of 43. He stood for Lok Sabha in the 1996 general election but lost to Natwar Singh. He was re-elected to the Rajasthan National Assembly in 1998 and, as an opposition leader, was critical of the state congress government's negligence towards development projects in eastern Rajasthan.

Minister of Health, Ayurveda & Family Welfare
In 2003, he won a seat in the assembly elections from Kumher for the third consecutive time and was further appointed Minister of Health and Family Welfare in the Government of Rajasthan under Chief Minister Vasundhara Raje. During Singh's tenure, there were multiple government poverty relief schemes and programmes in Rajasthan, such as free testing for dengue to help control the disease.

In 2007, Singh introduced a programme to improve government health facilities and opened services centres at the panchayat level with the intention of making it more accessible to the poor. In 2008, along with Norway's Prime Minister Jens Stoltenberg, Singh launched the Rajasthan-Norway joint health programme, which aimed to eradicate polio and modernise existing facilities and infrastructure.

In 2016, during Rajendra Singh Rathore's tenure as Health Minister, a major strike of resident doctors and staff was called-off after Singh brokered a deal between the government and the unions.

In 2006, Dr. Digamber Singh, launched a state-wide mission to build stat-of-the-art medical research facilities in Rajasthan. Singh believed in strengthening the inventory capacity of the state medical staff by providing them research facilities and resources to undertake pioneering medical research.

On 15 August 2006, Singh inaugurated the latest bypass surgery facilities, established by Bharat Vikas Parishad Hospital and Research Centre, in New Delhi, a subsidiary of the facilities in Kota, Rajasthan.

Dr. Singh's tenure as Health Minister is also recalled for its crackdown on illegal and criminal medical practises in the state. Singh would monthly review data on criminal cases being reported in hospitals and government medical facilities in the state. These review meetings would often include district-level officers as Collectors and SPs, who were immediately instructed to take action.

Dr. Digamber Singh's popularity among the party rank and files and among the people was surging rapidly in the years 2003 onwards. In 2007, the much contentious, Gurjar agitation in Rajasthan took place. The agitation almost paralysed government machinery in Eastern Rajasthan and propelled Chief Minister Vasundhara Raje to take drastic measures to ensure law and order prevailed. Amidst heightened tension, Chief Minister Raje assigned the responsibility to mediate with agitators to her cabinet colleague, Dr. Digamber Singh.After various rounds of dialogues between the government and the agitators, over a period of nine months, the agitation was finally called off in September 2008. Following the development News 18 journalist Pratap Rao called Singh the "troubleshooting Minister" of the Government.

Minister of Industries
Singh was appointed Rajasthan's Cabinet Minister for Industries in 2009. Under his leadership, numerous multi-dynamic urban and residential projects were implemented within the state and the FDI level rose by 9% as multiple special economic zones were introduced.

At Singh's behest, the Indian government opened the Indian Institutes of Technology campuses in Rajasthan. The Rajasthan Government, under Singh, initiated ‘FIESTA’ events at engineering institutions in a bid to engage rural talent and open collaborative opportunities abroad.

Member of Legislative Assembly (2008 - 2013)
Prior to the 2008 Rajasthan Assembly elections, delimitation of electoral constituencies took place and Bharatpur's parliamentary seat was reserved, while Singh's Kumher constituency was merged with Deeg to form the Deeg-Kumher Assembly constituency. The BJP chose Singh as its candidate from Deeg-Kumher and the party's incumbent Member of Parliament, Vishvendra Singh, shifting loyalties, represented the Indian National Congress. Digamber Singh won the seat by a margin of 3514 votes.The 2008 election was the first instance, since independence, where the Royal Family of Bharatpur had to face a defeat. Dr. Singh's victory ensured the continuity of his unchallenged stronghold over the Jats of India. In a press-conference, after his victory against Bharatpur's royal scion, Singh said, “After defeating Vishvendra, I have put an end to two myths, one that Vishvendra is undefeatable, and the other that 13 (13 Civil Lines; his government residence) is an unlucky number”Singh would serve as a Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) after the BJP was voted out of power.

In 2009, a year after the state election, the state Bharatiya Janata Party was split into two camps, one that of former Chief Minister Vasundhara Raje, and the other of the party organisation or the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh. Singh backed Raje, unconditionally, and was announced as the nominee for the State President of the party from her camp.However, a few days later, Singh backed down and instead garnered support for Raje from more than 50 legislators, leading to central leadership under Rajnath Singh, deterring from its decision to deny Raje's appointment.

2014 By-poll Election
In September 2014, he unsuccessfully contested the bypoll from Surajgarh in Jhunjhunu district of Rajasthan.Despite the storming of government heavyweights and Singh's relentless campaign, Surajgarh, meant to resurrect the fallen Singh, instead, pushed him down a cliff. The once all powerful Minister, had now lost two consecutive elections in a span of less than a year. Both being amidst an untameable frenzy for the Bharatiya Janata Party. A mere margin of 3,100 votes, from Surajgarh, had kept Singh away from the peak of his career. His consecutive defeats also chastened the newly formed government.

Chairman of Twenty Point Programme
In 2015, Dr. Digamber Singh declined Chief Minister Raje's request to be the BJP's nominee to the Rajya Sabha. Later that year, in a bid to bolster his influence the state Cabinet, Singh was appointed the Chairman of the Twenty Point Programme, a highly powerful government wing, and was accorded a Cabinet Minister status, giving him responsibility of 20 government ministries. Singh's appointment, despite two electoral jolts within a year, made clear his vitality to the government and the party. The opposition raised Singh's appointment as an evidence of the lack of confidence of the government on its elected representatives. The opposition further termed Singh's appointment as unconstitutional, as it surpassed the authority of elected members, serving as Cabinet Minister. The move was, however, strongly welcomed by the Jat Community across the nation. Intellectuals and policy makers too expressed confidence in Singh's appointment, knowing his acumen and abilities, plus the two decade long experience in government functioning.
During his official visit to Sikar, in November 2016, Singh approved the establishment of a medical college in the district, by the year 2018. The demand for a medical college had long been a priority issue for the region.

Additional Charge of the Ministries of Law, Social Justice, Panchayati Raj and Agriculture
On 9 August 2016, a gazette notification, by the Government of Rajasthan, proclaimed a council, responsible for the monitoring of major schemes, initiatives and projects under the Ministry of Panchayati Raj, Ministry of Law, Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation, and the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment.

Membership of Assembly and Portfolios Held in the Cabinet

Illness, death and aftermath

While campaigning in the 2015 Delhi Legislative Assembly election, Singh began complaining of back pain and shortly after was diagnosed with pancreatic cancer. He received initial treatment and underwent surgery at the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center in New York City, USA. The surgery was considered successful by the Indian government but biographer Ramveer Singh Verma wrote that it was "partially successful" and that the doctors had been hesitant to operate. Thousands of supporters welcomed Singh at the Indira Gandhi International Airport and the Jaipur International Airport when he arrived home a month and a half later. He received chemotherapy at Sawai Man Singh Hospital in Jaipur and before undergoing another major surgery at the Lakeshore Hospital that October. The Indian government reported his second surgery to be "extraordinarily successful."
Singh underwent Radiotherapy at an undisclosed facility in Lisbon, Portugal. In 2016, as he took charge of additional ministries in the Rajasthan Government, the media reported significant improvisation in his well being. Dr. Digamber Singh was also appointed in-charge for the upcoming 2017 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election and campaigned for the party in the region. In early 2017, owing to health circumstances, Singh would discontinue his engagements in the state of Uttar Pradesh.
In early 2017, Singh received chemotherapy at the Mount Elizabeth Hospital in Singapore, traveling there for his treatment more than 40 times in six months. It was discontinued in September 2017 due to negative side effects. Though he largely refrained from public appearances, he attended a celebration in Bharatpur for his 66th birthday. It was attended by over 300,000 people. Singh gave his last interview on 7 October with News 18 journalist Shripal Shekhawat and ten days later went to a Diwali celebration in Kumher, where he held his final press conference. He was rushed to the Eternal Heart Care Centre in Jaipur the next day after complaining of chest pain and was admitted for swine flu. Though he initially appeared to be improving gradually, his health worsened on 26 October and he died on 27 October. The team of doctors, led by Dr. RS. Khedar, stated for the prolonged illness of pancreatic cancer to be the prime cause in the sudden downfall of Singh's health. The cause of his death was concluded to be multiple organ failure, due to cancer and. The State Cabinet declared a state of mourning in Rajasthan and Singh was given full state honours and a 21-gun salute at his funeral, which was attended by more than 300,000 people. He was cremated at the Shree Digamber College of Nursing in Bharatpur.

After his death, the BJP struggled to maintain power. Party members increasingly began choosing between a more pro-Raje stance or a more pro-BJP leader stance. Separately, Singh's supporters began protesting for the Bharatpur Medical College to be renamed as the Dr. Digamber Singh Medical College or the DDS Medical College, Bharatpur. In 2018, a statue of Singh was erected at the Dr. Digamber Singh Nursing College in Bharatpur.

Aftermath
Dr. Digamber Singh's death, 14 months prior to the 2018 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election, came as a big blow to the Bharatiya Janata Party. Singh, a mass leader, had a sway among the Jat Community and voters in Eastern Rajasthan, the void of which was evident in the assembly election the following year. In the 2018 election, the party won only 1 of the 19 assembly seats in Eastern Rajasthan, which was a major reason for its defeat.

Apart from his role and provisions as an elected representative and a powerful Minister, Singh was also well known for his take on social concerns. The Dr. Digamber Singh Pro Kabaddi Tournament, inaugurated in 2017, to proffer rural sports potential and provide rural athletes with international opportunities and financial assistance is one such example. The tournament's teams comprise of the districts of the state of Rajasthan.

Personal life
Singh married Asha Singh on 19 January 1976. They had two children, a daughter, Dr. Shilpi Singh (born 9 January 1979) and a son, Dr. Shailesh Digamber Singh (born 20 July 1980).
Singh's son, Dr. Shailesh Digamber Singh, constested the 2018 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election from Deeg-Kumher Assembly constituency in Bharatpur district. Shailesh lost by a margin of 8,120 votes against the Indian National Congress candidate. On 17 December 2019, he was appointed, President of Bharatiya Janata Party Bharatpur, a post held by his father in his early political career.

External links
 Final interview

References

1951 births
2017 deaths
Rajasthan MLAs 2003–2008
People from Bharatpur district
State cabinet ministers of Rajasthan
Bharatiya Janata Party politicians from Rajasthan
Bharatiya Janata Party
Rajasthan
Rajasthani people
Rajasthani politicians
Indian political candidates
Indian politicians
Indian ministries
21st-century Indian politicians
20th-century Indian politicians
Indian Hindus
Right-wing politics in Asia


title: Bernard Alfred Quaritch

text:
Bernard Alfred Quaritch (13 January 1871 – 27 August 1913) was the son of antiquarian book dealer Bernard Quaritch, and continued his father's business in London until his own death in Brighton on 27 August 1913.

According to journalist and book collector Bernard Falk (1882-1960),

The business survives to this day.

References

English booksellers
Burials at Highgate Cemetery
1871 births
1913 deaths
19th-century English businesspeople


title: The George Wallace Show

text:
The George Wallace Show was an Australian television series which aired in 1960. Starring George Wallace Jnr, it was a variety series aired in a daytime time-slot on Sydney station TCN-9. Aired at 2:00PM, it aired against Your Home on ATN-7, while ABN-2 did not offer any programming until 2:30PM.

Little information is available on this series. George Wallace Jr, who was the son of very popular Australian comedian George Wallace, later was a regular on the Brisbane-produced series Theatre Royal, and was a popular comedian in his own right.

See also
 List of Australian television series
 The Contact Show
 Theatre Royal

References

External links

1960 Australian television series debuts
1960 Australian television series endings
Black-and-white Australian television shows
Australian variety television shows


title: 3,4-Methylenedioxypropiophenone

text:
3,4-Methylenedioxypropiophenone, also known as 3,4-(Methylenedioxy)phenyl-1-propanone (MDP1P), is a phenylpropanoid found in some plants of the genus Piper and is an isomer of 3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl-2-propanone (MDP2P).

Natural occurrence
Studies of various chemotypes of Piper marginatum have either detected this compound to be the dominant constituent of the plant's essential oil or absent from it altogether. Of 22 samples collected from South America, specimens from the following regions had the greatest amount of the chemical by dry leaf mass: Manaus (0.35%), Melgaço (0.348%), Belterra (0.33%), Monte Alegre (0.241 to 0.266%), and Alta Floresta (0.123%).

Uses

MDP1P is a can be used as a precursor in the synthesis of methylone and various other substituted methylenedioxy- phenethylamine derivatives.  It can be prepared via a Grignard reaction between ethylmagnesium bromide and piperonylonitrile.

Legal status

United States
MDP1P is not a scheduled drug at the federal level in the United States nor is it on the DEA list of chemicals.

Florida
"3,4-methylenedioxy-propiophenone" along with "2-Bromo-3,4-Methylenedioxypropiophenone" and "3,4-methylenedioxy-propiophenone-2-oxime" are Schedule I controlled substances in the state of Florida making them illegal to buy, sell, or possess in Florida.

References

Benzodioxoles
Phenylpropanoids
Aromatic ketones


title: Karol Jabłoński

text:
Karol Jabłoński (born August 25, 1962 in Giżycko, Poland) Polish regatta helmsman, skipper, ice sailor. One of the most versatile sailors, succeeded in sea sailing, match racing and ice sailing. Several time World and European champion. Recognised in the international sailing environment, participating in international regattas. Started his career in the Baza Mrągowo sailing club, current representative of Olsztyn Sailing Club.

Sailing career
His early career began on the lake in Tałty. In 2007, as the first Polish skipper, competed in prestigious regatta – America’s Cup. In the 2007 America's Cup in Valencia he was the helmsman of the host team Desafío Español and placed 3rd in the challenger regatta 2007 Louis Vuitton Cup. In 2007 was the helmsman at United Internet Germany which was preparing for the 33rd America’s Cup.

In the years 2009–2010 the helmsman of Team Synergy, succeeding with the Russian team in the Louis Vuitton Trophy.

In 2002 won the ISAF Open Match Racing World Championship with Polish crew and went on to lead the ISAF ranking during 18 months of record streak. In years 2001–2002 he was the skipper of “Polska 1” team planning to start in the America’s Cup.

A multiple medallist different sea sailing yacht classes and winner of various international regatta in the following yacht classes:

·       One Tone,

·       50’,

·       Mumm 36,

·       ILC 46,

·       ILC 40,

·       Sydney 40,

·       Wally and Swan

·       TP52

Winner of i.a. Admiral’s Cup, Commodores’ Cup, Copa del Rey, Kiel Week, Sardinias Cup, SORC, Palmavella, Zegna Trophy. In Atlanta 1996 he was the consultant coach of the Polish Olympic team and had a share in the gold medal of Mateusz Kusznierewicz in the Finn class.

The most titled ice sailor in the DN class history.

Summary of sailing career

Match Racing

DN Class Ice Sailing

World Championships

European Championships

References

External links
http://karoljablonski.pl/

1962 births
Living people
Polish male sailors (sport)
People from Mrągowo
Sportspeople from Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship
2007 America's Cup sailors


title: Organic radical battery

text:
An organic radical battery (ORB) is a type of battery first developed in 2005. As of 2011, this type of battery was generally not available for the consumer, although their development at that time was considered to be approaching practical use. ORBs are potentially more environmentally friendly than conventional metal-based batteries, because they use organic radical polymers (flexible plastics) to provide electrical power instead of metals. ORBs are considered to be a high-power alternative to the Li-ion battery. Functional prototypes of the battery have been researched and developed by different research groups and corporations including the Japanese corporation NEC.

The organic radical polymers used in ORBs are examples of stable radicals, which are stabilized by steric and/or resonance effects. For example, the nitroxide radical in (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-yl)oxyl (TEMPO), the most common subunit used in ORBs, is a stable oxygen-centered molecular radical. Here, the radical is stabilized by delocalization of electrons from the nitrogen onto the oxygen. TEMPO radicals can be attached to polymer backbones to form poly(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl- piperidenyloxyl-4-yl methacrylate) (PTMA). PTMA-based ORBs have a charge-density slightly higher than that of conventional Li-ion batteries, which should theoretically make it possible for an ORB to provide more charge than a Li-ion battery of similar size and weight.

As of 2007, ORB research was being directed mostly towards Hybrid ORB/Li-ion batteries because organic radical polymers with appropriate electrical properties for the anode are difficult to synthesize.

Applications
As of 2015, ORBs were still under development and not in commercial use. Theoretically, ORBs could replace Li-ion batteries as more environmentally friendly batteries of similar or higher charge capacity and similar or shorter charge time. This would make ORBs well-suited for handheld electronic devices.

Organic radical batteries were first researched and developed by NEC in 2005 with the intent of being widely used to power tiny gadgets in the near future. They began with a size of 0.3 mm and an extremely quick charge time. Since the beginning of development, smart cards and RFID tags were the main targets for ORB usage. NEC has also worked on a larger 0.7 mm battery which is thicker, but also has a high charge capacity of 5 mAh.

Given the fast redox chemistry of nitroxide radicals, ORBs have been shown useful in keeping a computer running momentarily following a power outage. Although the amount of additional time provided is short, it is adequate to allow a computer to backup any crucial data before completely shutting down.

Function

Radical polymer batteries rely on a redox reaction of an organic radical to generate an electrochemical potential. The most studied example of such an organic radical redox reaction is that of nitroxide radicals, such as the one found on a molecule called (2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidin-1-yl)oxyl, also known as TEMPO. A nitroxide radical can be oxidized to an oxammonium cation or reduced to a hydroxylamine anion.

The positive electrode uses the nitroxide - oxammonium cation redox pair to create an electrochemical potential, i.e. when the battery discharges the nitroxide radical is oxidized to the oxammonium cation and when the battery charges the oxammonium cation is reduced back to the nitroxide. The redox potentials for nitroxide show some variation and for the TEMPO nitroxide for this redox pair has an oxidation potential of +0.87 V. The positive electrode often takes the shape of a gel made of organic radical solids and graphite, permeated with electrolytes. Graphite is mixed with the polymer to increase the conductivity.

The negative electrode uses the nitroxide - hydroxylamine anion redox pair to create an electrochemical potential, i.e. when the battery discharges the nitroxide radical is reduced to the hydroxylamine anion and when the battery charges the hydroxylamine anion is oxidized back to the nitroxide. This half-reaction has an oxidation potential of -0.11 V. Since this half-reaction is not readily reversible as the half-reaction at the positive electrode, several research groups have steered away from using pure organic radical batteries and instead use metal/ORB hybrid batteries usually consist of a radical polymer cathode and the same anode found in rechargeable Li-ion batteries.

Much like a traditional battery such as a Li-ion battery, an organic radical battery consists of a cathode and an anode that are separated by a porous film and submerged in an electrolyte.  In a pure organic radical battery, both terminals are made of organic radical polymers (a p-type and an n-type polymer), while a metal/ORB hybrid battery usually has a radical polymer cathode and a Li-ion/graphite anode.

Synthesis of radical polymers

Several synthetic approaches have been utilized in the synthesis of polyradical species for use in organic radical batteries.  The following methods have been used to synthesize poly(2,2,6,6- tetramethylpiperidinyloxy-4-yl methacrylate) (PTMA) and other nitroxide polymers.

Free-radical polymerization

Initial attempts to synthesize PTMA involved synthesizing the polymer without radical functionality via free radical polymerization. Once the polymer is synthesized, the nitroxide function can be introduced by oxidation.

Several groups have described  synthesis of PTMA (4) using free radical polymerization of 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine methacrylate (2) with 2,2'-azobisiobutryonitrile (AIBN) as a radical initiator. The monomer was prepared via 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinol (1) and methacryloyl chloride. The precursor neutral polymer (3) was oxidized to the stable radical polymer (4) by 3-chloroperoxybenzoic acid (mCPBA). Similar synthetic approaches have been proposed using 4-methacryloyloxy-N-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine as a monomer rather than  2,2,6,6- tetramethylpiperidine methacrylate.

Free-radical polymerization as a synthetic approach has several drawbacks. The most relevant limitation is the fact that precursor polymer oxidation never proceeds to 100%. As a result, the synthesized PTMA has between 65% and 81% of the theoretically possible amount of nitroxide groups. The decreased number of nitroxide groups negatively impacts the charge capacity of the polymer and limits its efficacy in organic radical batteries. Not only are there fewer nitroxide groups present, but also side reactions between non-oxidized groups and oxammonium cations diminishes the redox reversibility of the compound.

The difficulties of free-radical polymerization of PTMA could be avoided if the oxidation step were not necessary. However, because nitroxide radicals would react with any carbon radicals formed during polymerization, use of a monomer with a nitroxide radical isn't practical.

RAFT-mediated polymerization

One of the more recent techniques identified to synthesis PTMA is a type of free radical polymerization known as reversibly addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) mediated polymerization.

RAFT-mediated polymerization of PTMA utilizes the same starting monomer as free-radical polymerization. Using the RAFT-mediated approach to polymerize 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinyl methacrylate (TMPM), the starting monomer, generates poly(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidnyl methacrylate) or PTMPM-RAFT. Direct oxidation of PTMPM-RAFT to PTMA is not practical, as direct oxidation causes side reactions involving the thiocaronylthiol end group of PTMPM-RAFT to react to form insoluble gel-like product. Rather, excess AIBN is used to remove the reactive terminus to form PTMPM, which can then be oxidized by meta-chloroperbenzoic acid to the desired PTMA.

Despite the promise of the RAFT-mediated polymerization, reported radical concentration was only 69 ± 4%.

Rhodium catalyzed polymerization

Rhodium-catalyzed polymerization of TEMPO-bearing monomers avoids some of the challenges free-radical polymerization poses because an oxidation step to generate the radical is not needed.

The structure of (2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidine-1-yl)oxyl or TEMPO is shown below.

The following monomers (1-3) can be synthesized by condensation reaction between carboxyl groups with the amino or hydroxyl group of acetylene derivatives and various TEMPO derivatives. Polymerization of the monomers is completed using a Rhodium catalyst (nbd)Rh+[n6-C6H5B−(C6H5)3]. Rhodium catalyzed synthesis of TEMPO containing polymers has been performed with high quantitative yield.

While use of a rhodium catalyst may be advantageous due to its high yield, use of a metal catalyst provides the additional challenge of having to separate the catalyst from the final product.

Anionic polymerization

Direct anionic polymerization of nitroxyl-containing monomers has also been used to synthesis PTMA. Anionic polymerization is not ideal because it must be carried using very strict procedures to avoid side reactions. Using 1,1-diphenylhexylllithium as an initiator of the reaction eliminates some side reactions by steric effects, however, the procedures necessary are not amenable to large-scale synthesis.

Group-transfer polymerization

Group-transfer polymerization, like rhodium-catalyzed polymerization of PTMA, allows for polymerization of nitroxyl radical monomers. Unlike rhodium-catalyzed monomers, group-transfer polymerization utilizes silicon to catalyze the polymerization.

Preparation of the monomer, 4-methacryloxyloxy-TEMPO can be accomplished by acylation of 4-hydroxy-TEMPO with methacryloyl chloride.

Polymerization using 1-methoxy-2-methyl-1trimethylsilyloxy-propene (MTS) as a catalyst proceeds rapidly at room temperature to form PTMA. Tetrabutylammonium fluoride (TBAF) is used as an additional catalyst.

The following is a rationale for group-transfer polymerization.

Advantages
Organic radical batteries are much more environmentally friendly than Li-ion batteries because ORBs do not contain any metals that pose the problem of proper disposal. ORBs are non-toxic and non-flammable and do not require additional care when handling. Burning nitroxide radical polymers yields carbon dioxide, water, and nitrogen oxide without ash or odor.

While being environmentally friendly, they have properties that are otherwise comparable to Li-ion batteries: ORBs have a theoretical capacity of 147 mA h g−1, which is slightly higher than that of Li-ion batteries with 140 mA h g−1. ORBs also show comparable charge times and retain of charge-discharge capacity well, matching lithium-ion batteries at 75% of their initial charge after 500 cycles. Additionally, radical concentration in ORBs are stable enough at ambient conditions to remain unchanged for over a year.
ORBs are also more flexible than Li-ion batteries, which would make them more adaptable to different design constraints, such as curved devices.

Disadvantages and difficulties faced in development
A major difficulty in the development of ORBs is difficulty of synthesizing an appropriate negative electrode. This disadvantage arises because the redox reaction of the negative electrode is not fully reversible. Hybrid ORB/Li-ion batteries, in which the negative electrode is replaced by the one found in a Li-ion battery, have been proposed as a compromise to overcome this difficulty.

Polymerization reactions of the stable radical-containing monomer have also proved to be an area of difficulty in development. The stable organic radicals that are crucial to the functioning of the battery are sometimes consumed in side-reactions of various polymerization reactions. A research group has, however, successfully synthesized a cross-linked organic radical polymer while only losing 0.4% of the organic radicals in synthesis of the polymer.

See also
 List of battery types

References

Rechargeable batteries


title: Facer

text:
Facer may refer to:

Geography
Facer, St. Catharines city of St. Catharines, Ontario

Machinery
rotating pipe cutter
Advanced Facer-Canceler System used by the US Postal Service to cull, face, and cancel letter mail

People
Frank Facer, Australian rugby league footballer and administrator
Jada Facer, American actress
Cecil Facer Secondary School

Music
Facer (song), a 1995 single by German band X Marks the Pedwalk


title: South African cricket team in Zimbabwe in 1991–92

text:
The South African national cricket team visited Zimbabwe in February 1992 and played a Limited Overs Internationals (LOI) against the Zimbabwean national cricket team. South Africa won the match by six wickets. South Africa were captained by Kepler Wessels and Zimbabwe by David Houghton. It was the first-ever international match between the two countries in Zimbabwe.

One Day Internationals (ODIs)

Only match

References

External links

1992 in South African cricket
1992 in Zimbabwean cricket
South African cricket tours of Zimbabwe
International cricket competitions from 1991–92 to 1994
Zimbabwean cricket from 1980–81 to 1999–2000


title: Jay Artigues

text:
Jay Artigues (born December 13, 1968) is the current director of athletics for Southeastern Louisiana University. He previously served as head baseball coach at Southeastern Louisiana from 2006 to 2013, prior to his appointment as athletic director. During his eight years as coach of the Lions, he compiled an overall record of 276–188.

Head coaching record

References

External links
 LionSports.net bio

1968 births
Living people
Baseball players from Mississippi
Belhaven Blazers baseball players
Bossier Parish Cavaliers baseball coaches
High school baseball coaches in the United States
New Orleans Privateers baseball coaches
Pearl River Wildcats baseball coaches
Pearl River Wildcats baseball players
People from Bay St. Louis, Mississippi
Southeastern Louisiana Lions baseball coaches
Southeastern Louisiana Lions and Lady Lions athletic directors
Spring Hill Badgers baseball coaches


title: 9mm P.A.K.

text:
9mm P.A. (Pistole Automatik, German for "automatic pistol"), 9×22mm or 9mm P.A.K. (Pistole Automatik Knall, "automatic blank pistol") is a firearm cartridge for a non-lethal  gas pistol noisemaking gun. Caliber 9mm P.A. includes various blank, gas or rubber ammunitions made for different use.

9mm P.A. Blank has also been used for theatrical purposes, including as a modification to muzzle-loading firearms, allowing early-modern muskets and the like to be fired on-stage without the actors learning the complex steps of loading with loose powder.

Variants
Each of the 9mm P.A. cartridge variants are distinguished by a proper color: green, yellow, blue, red, etc.

9mm P.A. ammunitions can be used for different purposes depending on the legislation, these include military training, cinema props, self-defense (rubber bullets can only be used in certain eastern european countries), dog training, historical reenactment, holiday or new year celebration (mostly in Turkey, Germany and Italy). Colombia S.A. and other South American countries also allow the use of rubber bullets for self defense.

The use of this ammunition also depends on the 9mm P.A. gun's barrel which can be of three kinds depending on the country's own gun legislation that can be more or less restrictive.

Fully obstructed barrel are called "top firing" (or "top venting") for they have a long hole on the barrel's top while the muzzle is closed. "Front firing" (or "front venting") guns have a semi-obstructed barrel that allows for a flame, smoke or tear gas to be ejected out of the muzzle. According to American federal laws, both "front firing" and "top firing" new guns must be identified by a red plastic tip fixed on the muzzle.

Russia's guns legislation allows civilians self-defence hence local 9mm P.A. guns can have a clear barrel that can fire non-lethal rubber bullets.

Blank firing

These blank cartridges can also be used to fire pyrotechnics (single or multi-shots) or non-lethal "self-gomm" rubber bullets with the proper adaptor attached to the barrel.

9mm P.A. Knall
Cal. 9mm P.A. Blank (a.k.a. «9mm P.A.K.») are blank cartridges made for semi-automatic pistols.
GREEN. Standard "Blank" cartridges.
YELLOW. "Flash Defense" blank cartridges producing a longer flame at the end of the barrel.

9mm R./9mm R. NC
Semi-automatic 9mm P.A. ammunitions are not compatible with gas pistols 9mm R. (.380) or 9mm R NC designed for blank-firing revolvers.

Tear gas

9mm P.A. CS
Cal. 9mm P.A. CS are cartridges loaded with tear gas CS (80 mg).
YELLOW. "CS" cartridges are loaded with 80mg.

9mm P.A. CN

Cal. 9mm P.A. CN are cartridges loaded with tear gas CN (160 or 220 mg).
BLUE. "CN" cartridges are loaded with 160mg.
PURPLE. "Supra CN" cartridges are loaded with 220mg.

9mm P.A. PV
Cal. 9mm P.A. PV are cartridges loaded with pepper spray (20, 30 or 45 mg) and intended to be used for self-defense against dangerous animals.
BROWN. "Pepper" cartridges are loaded with 20mg.
RED. "Pepper flash" cartridges are loaded with 30mg.
RED. "Extra strong" cartridges are loaded with 45mg.

Rubber bullets

Front-firing 9mm P.A. pistols can shoot 18 mm non-lethal self-gomm rubber bullets through an adapter attached to the barrel's end. Unlike 9mm P.A. rubber bullets, these 18 mm rubber bullets are manually loaded by the muzzle.

9mm P.A. Tehkrim
Cal. 9mm P.A. Tehkrim. Russian ammunitions maker Tehkrim manufactures non-lethal rubber bullets (0.68g) chambered in 9mm P.A. This particular ammunition cannot be used in standard 9mm P.A. blank firing pistols sold in Europe and America for they use semi-obstructed (front firing) or fully obstructed (top-firing) barrels.
RED.

9mm P.A. PP9RP
Cal. 9mm P.A. PP9RP. Russian ammunition with a rubber bullet (standard, sport or magnum) similar to Tehkrims.
BLACK.

Notable makers

9mm P.A. semi-automatic pistols

Notable 9mm P.A. pistols include ME, Umarex (Reck), Röhm and Walther from Germany (earlier from West Germany), Kimar (Chiappa Firearms) and Bruni from Italy, Ceonic, Ekol, Retay and Zoraki from Turkey and KSAP from Russia.

These makers can be classified in four distinct groups. Those, like Walther or Röhm, who are gunmakers who manufacture well known models chambered in 9mm P.A.

A second group includes Umarex who produces models licensed from famous gunmakers including Colt or Smith & Wesson. These guns are copies faithful to the originals in terms of cosmetic and design and they use real names and logos.

The third group is the largest of all four as it encompasses all makers from Italy, Turkey and ME from Germany who are selling unlicensed replicas of famous brands except Ceonic, like the Beretta 92 or the Magnum Desert Eagle. Due to obvious copyright reasons, these models are more or less resembling to the original and they use an alternative name. For these reasons they are cheaper than licensed models.

The last group comprises makers like KSAP who design and produce original guns chambered in 9mm P.A.

9mm P.A. fully automatic pistols
Turkish gunmaker Ekol manufactures a full-auto unlicensed replica of the Beretta 92 called the Jackal Dual (215 mm/1150 gr) retrospectively dubbed "Magnum" since it is available in a shorter barrel version called Jackal Dual Compact (185 mm/1050 gr). The Jackal Dual (full-size Magnum or Compact) is a semi-auto & full-auto blank machine pistol using a 15-round or a 25-round magazine.

9mm P.A. fully automatic submachine guns
Turkish gunmaker Ekol manufactures an original (yet loosely resembling the Uzi) 9mm P.A. fully automatic submachine gun or machine pistol, the ASI. The ASI is basically a semi-auto & full-auto blank machine pistol with added parts and sold with both a 15-round and a 25-round magazine.

9mm P.A. ammunitions
Cal. 9mm P.A. Blank, or 9mm P.A. Knall (in German), or 9mm P.A. Blanc (in French), ammunition notable makers include Geco, GSG, Umarex (Titan Perfecta), Wadie and Walther from Germany (earlier from West Germany), Fiocchi from Italy, Sellier & Bellot from Czech Republic, Pobjeda Sport (Concorde, Victory) from Bosnia and Herzegovina, Meca (Anatolia Fisek), Turac (in V.Sport and Kaiser brands), Özkursan or Y.A.S. (Yavascalar) from Turkey.

Some of these makers, like Pobjeda Sport, use different brands depending on the market and their local distributors. Some makers like Y.A.S. use empty cases manufactured by other ammunitions makers in this particular case it's Umarex and some makers like Turac produce cases by themselves.

Cartridges are available in brass or steel cases depending on the maker or the brand.

Conversion to live ammunition
Modified versions of the 9mm P.A. Knall, adapted to fire lethal 9mm parabellum projectiles, are occasionally encountered in criminal forensics.

Modification of blank-firing ammunition, associated magazines or firearms is strictly prohibited by law in some countries . Attempting such a conversion is also dangerous for the user since the materials and production methods involved in the making of blank-firing replicas are not the same as those of firearms designed for live ammunition as the replica pistols are plain blowback.

Gallery

References

See also
9 mm caliber
Blank (cartridge)
Gas pistol

Pistol and rifle cartridges
Non-lethal weapons
Blank cartridges


title: All Over You

text:
All Over You may refer to:
 All Over You (album), a 1972 album by Chilliwack
 "All Over You" (Level 42 song), 1994
 "All Over You" (Live song), 1994
 "All Over You" (The Spill Canvas song)


title: Leonard Co

text:
Leonardo Legaspi Co (December 29, 1953 in Manila – November 15, 2010 in Kananga, Leyte) was a Filipino botanist and plant taxonomist who was considered the "foremost authority in ethnobotany in the Philippines" during his lifetime.

Education and early career
Co's education in Botany did not follow the usual track. He did not finish his bachelor's degree until 2008 because he was always too busy doing research out in the field. Dr Perry Ong, director of the Institute of Biology at the University of the Philippines Diliman summed it up at Co's wake by saying “Leonard Co entered UP as botany freshman in the early 70s and never left.” While practicing acupuncture he met his wife Glenda Flores, whom he married on June 12, 1990.

In 2008, with Co already informally considered one of the foremost experts in his field, University of the Philippines Diliman named him the last graduate of the BS degree in Botany; some time in the decades since Co's enrollment, the course had been merged with the bachelor's degree in Zoology to form the Biology program. This unorthodox academic path also earned Co another distinction in the annals of UP: Co submitted his book on the medicinal plants of the Cordilleras in lieu of a thesis, making him the only student to graduate from the BS Botany degree without submitting a thesis.

Co worked as a museum researcher at the University of the Philippines Institute of Biology, and as a senior botanist at the Conservation International-Philippines.

Career
Co was the founding president of the Philippine Native Plants Conservation Society. and received credit for discovering eight new species of plants. Aside from these, two species of Philippine endemic plants have been named in his honor: the Mycaranthes leonardi orchid and the Rafflesia leonardi, a parasitic plant species of the genus Rafflesia endemic to the Philippines and known for bearing the third largest flower in the world.

A year before his death, Co also documented the flora of the Bataan National Park, coming up with a catalog that lists 160 unique plant species,  essential for guiding reforestation efforts on the 23,668-hectare park centered around Mount Natib.

Death
Co, forester Sofronio Cortez, and farmer Julius Borromeo, were working on a biodiversity project under the auspices of the Energy Development Corporation when they were killed in an incident involving nine members of the 19th Infantry Battalion of the Armed Forces of the Philippines in the forests of Kananga, Leyte, on November 15, 2010. He and the group were examining a tree when the shooting began, and three bullets hit Co; resulting in death within 20 minutes. He was 56.

Members of the army unit claimed that Co's group had been caught in the crossfire in a fight between their unit and the New People's Army, but this claim was challenged by numerous investigating groups, including the Philippine National Police and the Philippines' Commission on Human Rights. The Department of Justice eventually filed charges against the soldiers involved, and the case is currently in the courts.

Burial and legacy
During his wake, Co was conferred the rare honor of having his coffin briefly displayed in front of the University of the Philippines Diliman's copy of the UP Oblation - the iconic symbol of the University of the Philippines.

In accordance to his wishes, a third of his ashes was scattered in the 16-hectare forest dynamics plot he built and worked on in Palanan, Isabela, up in the Sierra Madre Mountains.  Another third was given to the UP Institute of Biology and scattered under one of UP's trees, to symbolize that Co would always be a part of the university. The last third of his ashes was given to his family.

On May 2, 2011, Co was posthumously conferred the National Academy of Science and Technology's Hugh Greenwood Environmental Award for his contribution in profiling forest biodiversity.

Publications
 Philippine Botanical Treasures and the Legacy of Leonardo L. Co: November 19 and 20, 2011, Tambunting Hall, National Museum of the Philippines

References

External links
 Co's Digital Flora of the Philippines

1953 births
2010 deaths
Ethnobotanists
Filipino botanists
Environmental killings in the Philippines
University of the Philippines Diliman alumni


title: Crystal Springs, Kansas

text:
Crystal Springs is an unincorporated community in Harper County, Kansas, United States.

History
A post office was opened in Crystal Springs in 1885, and remained in operation until it was discontinued in 1976.

Education
The community is served by Chaparral USD 361 public school district.

References

Further reading

External links
 Harper County maps: Current, Historic, KDOT

Unincorporated communities in Harper County, Kansas
Unincorporated communities in Kansas


title: Supreme Court of Pakistan library

text:
The Library of the Supreme Court of Pakistan is an official and principal research as well as reference library of the Supreme Court of Pakistan. It is located in the judicial complex of the Supreme Court, and is listed as a repute of national legal Library.

Since its establishment, it has become one of the noted and reliable law libraries in the country, with resources that span the ages and cover virtually every jurisdiction and history of law. Currently the Library has a collection of ~80,000 volumes on a variety of topics including general books, legal textbooks, law reports and research journals. Almost all the local law reports are available from the date of their publication.

The All India Reports (AIR) as well as All England Law Reports and Halsbury's Laws of England are also some of the important documents available in the Library. The Library also contains reference books such as the encyclopaedias, maps, and dictionaries.

Online sources

References

Database sources
Judges Library
Supreme Court of Pakistan

Supreme Court of Pakistan
Buildings and structures in Islamabad
Government buildings in Pakistan
Tourist attractions in Islamabad
Libraries in Pakistan
Libraries established in 1956


title: Duquoin, Kansas

text:
Duquoin is an unincorporated community in Harper County, Kansas, United States.

History
A post office was opened in Duquoin in 1883, and remained in operation until it was discontinued in 1975.

Education
The community is served by Chaparral USD 361 public school district.

References

Further reading

External links
 Harper County maps: Current, Historic, KDOT

Unincorporated communities in Harper County, Kansas
Unincorporated communities in Kansas


title: Arthur Snowden

text:
Sir Arthur Snowden (29 July 1829 – 18 June 1918) was an Australian lawyer, politician and mayor of Melbourne from 1892 to 1895.

Snowden was born in Dartford, Kent, England, and migrated to Australia in 1852. He joined the Melbourne City Council in 1891, and was elected mayor three times. Following his stint on the Melbourne City Council, he served in the Victorian Legislative Council representing Melbourne Province from 1895 until 1904. Knighted in the 1895 Birthday Honours, Snowden died at his Collingwood home on 18 June 1918.

References

1829 births
1918 deaths
English emigrants to colonial Australia
Knights Bachelor
Mayors and Lord Mayors of Melbourne
Members of the Victorian Legislative Council


title: Eupholini

text:
Eupholini is a weevil tribe in the subfamily Entiminae.

Genera
 Celebia
 Episomellus
 Eupholus
 Gymnopholus
 Monoscapha
 Penthoscapha
 Rhinoscapha

References

 Alonso-Zarazaga, M.A.; Lyal, C.H.C. 1999: A world catalogue of families and genera of Curculionoidea (Insecta: Coleoptera) (excepting Scolytidae and Platypodidae). Entomopraxis, Barcelona.
 Riedel, A. 2009: Revision of the genus Penthoscapha Heller (Coleoptera, Curculionoidea, Entiminae, Eupholini) with notes on the genera of Eupholini from New Guinea. Zootaxa, 2224: 1-29

External links

Entiminae
Beetle tribes


title: Gobindpur, Punjab

text:
Gobindpur is a village in Shaheed Bhagat Singh Nagar district of in the Indian state of Punjab. it was originally known as Salaimpur, but later had its name changed to Gobindpur after Guru Hargobind visited it in the 17th century . It is located  away from City Banga,  from district headquarters Nawanshahr and  from state capital Chandigarh.  The village is administrated by Sarpanch an elected representative of the village.

Demography
As of 2011 Indian Census, Gobindpur had a total population of 2,072, of which 1,076 were males and 996 were females. Population within the age group of 0 to 6 years was 194. The total number of literates in Gobindpur was 1,538, which constituted 74.2% of the population with male literacy of 78.0% and female literacy of 70.2%. The effective literacy rate of 7+ population of Gobindpur was 81.9%, of which male literacy rate was 87.4% and female literacy rate was 76.1%. The Scheduled Castes population was 841, which is 40.6% of the total population. Gobindpur had 411 households in 2011.

Geography
Gobindpur is approximately 329 km from Capital New Delhi, 106 km from the state capital Chandigarh, 109 km from Amritsar, 55 km from Jalandhar and 1493 km from Mumbai. It is in the northwest part of India; a few hundred kilometers south of Kashmir and to the west of the Himalayan foothills of Punjab and Himachal Pradesh. On a clear day, the snow-clad peaks of the Dhauladhar range are visible in the distant horizon. The Banga Railway station is located on the Jalandhar City . Jaijon Doaba Line of the Northern Railway at 13 km from Nawanshahr, 43 km from Jalandhar, and 45 km from Ludhiana. It is also linked by National Highway 344A with Nawanshahr and Phagwara Grand Trunk Road from Banga.

Education
The village has a Punjabi medium, Government Senior Secondary School founded in 1950's.|List of Schools and Colleges in SBS Nagar district| The schools provide mid-day meal as per Indian Midday Meal Scheme
 and the meal prepared in school premises. As per Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act the school provide free education to children between the ages of 6 and 14.

Sikh National College  and Guru Nanak College for Women are the nearest colleges. Industrial Training Institute for women (ITI Nawanshahr) is . The village is  away from Chandigarh University,  from Indian Institute of Technology and  away from Lovely Professional University.

Transport

By road
Gobindpur is connected to Banga with local buses available. There is a large network of government and private bus services of Punjab, Haryana, Chandigarh, Himachal Pradesh.

By rail
Banga railway station (BXB) is the nearest train station about 4km. however there some other railway station here
Jalandhar - JUC (50KM)
Phagwara - PGW (23km)
SBS Nagar - SBSN (19km)
Jaijon - JJJ (30km)
Garhshankar - GSR(16km)

By air
Nearby airports include:
Domestic Airport
Adampur Airport - AIP (34 km), is the nearest domestic airport
Sahnewal Airport, Ludhiana - LUH(64 km Via Apra-Banga Road)
International Airport
Chandigarh Airport - IXC(118.7 km)
Sri Guru Ram Dass Jee International Airport, Amritsar - ATQ(141.7 km)
Indira Gandhi International Airport, Delhi - DEL (364.2 km)

See also
List of villages in India

References

External links
 Tourism of Punjab
 Census of Punjab
 Locality Based PINCode

Villages in Shaheed Bhagat Singh Nagar district


title: Runnymede, Kansas

text:
Runnymede is an unincorporated community in Harper County, Kansas, United States.

History

Runnymede was touted by an Irish promoter as a planned community in Kansas to wealthy Irish and Great British families in the United Kingdom as a place in a "dry" state where their sons could come to begin a career as gentlemen farmers. Begun in 1888, the speculative though impressive scheme essentially collapsed within four years. The livery stable burned down in 1890. Other buildings were moved two miles south close to the new constructed rail line. In 1891, The centerpiece of the town was a hotel that was partly disassembled and moved into the recently opened Cherokee Strip in Alva, Oklahoma in 1893. It remains in use there today, thanks to a successful local effort at restoration. Runnymede's church was moved to Harper, Kansas in 1893, where it now serves as a museum.

A post office was opened in Runnymede in 1879, and remained in operation until it was discontinued in 1944.

The community was named after Runnymede in England.

William Desmond Taylor joined the Runnymede community in August 1891.

Area attractions
 Kansas Historical Marker - Old Runnymede.
Old Runnymede Church, located in Harper, Kansas.

Education
The community is served by Chaparral USD 361 public school district.

References

Further reading

External links
 Harper County maps: Current, Historic, KDOT

Unincorporated communities in Harper County, Kansas
Unincorporated communities in Kansas


title: Tom George Kolath

text:
Tom George Kolath better known as Tom George, is a film producer, director, actor and scriptwriter in the Malayalam Film Industry. He first came to attention for his performance in mini-screen Anna television serial (based on Tolstoy's Anna Karenina) directed by Alagappan. Akale, a film produced by him won the National Film Award and the Kerala State Film Award for best Malayalam feature film.

Film career
Tom George Kolath started his film career in 2004 as the producer of the Malayalam feature film Akale, directed by  Shyamaprasad and won 6 Kerala State Film Awards and 2 National Film Awards including the award for the best feature film in malayalam. Akale was selected at film festivals around the world including 'Fukuoka Focus-on-Asia International Festival' in Japan, 'Foyle International Film Festival' in Northern Ireland, 'River To River Festival' in Florence, Italy, 'Indo-German International Film Festival' in Bangalore, IFFK in Kerala, and Tehran International Film Festival. Akale and Meerayude Dukhavum Muthuvinte Swapnavum are the feature films he produced. He has also directed and co-written (yet to be released) Hollywood movie GandhiPark. He had also acted in few Malayalam feature films like Black, Finger Print and Out of Syllabus.

Filmography

Meerayude Dukhavum Muthuvinte Swapnavum - Producer
Akale - Producer, Actor
Black -  Malayalam Feature film - Actor
Finger Print -  Actor
Out of Syllabus - Actor
Gandhi Park -  Hollywood movie - Director, Co-writer
 Ullurukkam  - Tele film - Actor
 Lessons - Tele Film - Director, Writer
 Anna - TV Serial - Actor, Producer
 Summer in America - Actor
 Folklore (video game) ("FolksSoul: Ushinawareta denshou") – Voice
 Casualty - Actor
 India Gate - Actor

Music videos

 En Jeevane – director and actor - 2005
 Dance With My Father – director - 2006
 Nee EnnArike – Direction and Lyrics - 2009
 Manoharam – Lyrics and actor - 2009
 Athirillatha Sneham – actor - 2008
 Kumaran Asan's Chandala-bikshuki – actor - 2008

Commercials

 Coral Group - 2008
 Casadel Fauno Resorts - 2009
 Keltron USA, Ltd - 2010

References

External links

Malayalam film producers
Male actors in Malayalam cinema
Indian male film actors
Kerala State Film Award winners
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
21st-century Indian male actors
21st-century Indian film directors
Film producers from Kerala
Malayalam film directors
Film directors from Palakkad district


title: Margaret Rodgers (deaconess)

text:
Margaret Rodgers AM (18 December 1939 – 31 May 2014) was a prominent deaconess and lay-person in the Anglican Diocese of Sydney. Rodgers was Principal of Deaconess House, (1976–85), Research Officer for the Anglican General Synod (1985–93), chief executive officer of the Anglican Media Council (1994–2003), President of the New South Wales Council of Churches and Lay Canon of St Andrew's Cathedral, Sydney.

Early life
Margaret Amelia Rodgers was born on 18 December 1939 in Dorrigo, New South Wales, the eldest child of David Alexander Rodgers and his wife Mavis. David Rodgers was a timber worker, but developed multiple sclerosis, and as a result, the family moved to Dapto, where Margaret and her younger brother Alan attended primary school. Rodgers then went to Wollongong Selective High School. She was an excellent student and also a good hockey player. After being accepted for the Figtree Hockey Team, she fell sick with rheumatic fever and was confined to bed, spending more than two years in Wollongong Hospital. Her heart was permanently affected by the illness.

Academic life
Rodgers moved to Sydney to study, and gained a Bachelor of Arts degree from Sydney University.  She then undertook a diploma of theology, completed in 1963 with first class honours. She was ordained as a deaconess of the Anglican Church in 1970. From 1965 to 1978, she taught History and Divinity at Meriden School for Girls at Strathfield and Abbotsleigh School for Girls at Wahroonga. From 1973 to 1975 she was warden at Church of England Women's Hall, Glebe. From 1969–73 she was a tutor at Deaconess House, (now known as Mary Andrews College), then became Vice-Principal and in 1976 succeeded Mary Andrews as principal, until 1985, providing pastoral care for female students who attended Moore Theological College and Sydney University. Rodgers lectured at Moore College in Church History.

Archbishop Glenn Davies described Rodgers as being "passionate about women's ministry and particularly the order of deaconesses". Rodgers never sought to become ordained as a priest, which would have necessitated her leaving the Diocese of Sydney, to which she was committed and where she had a wide and effective lay ministry. While supporting women in lay ministry, Rodgers also gave her support and encouragement to those women who chose to leave the diocese to seek ordination as priests elsewhere.

Roles in the Sydney Diocese
From the 1970s, Rodgers attended St Stephen's Anglican Church, Newtown, located in the same suburb as Deaconess House and Moore College. Through the latter decades of the 20th century, St Stephen's maintained a close association with the Movement for the Ordination of Women, and was attended by many Anglicans who found themselves marginalised because of broken marriages, gender identity or liberal views. Rodgers was an active member of the congregation, serving on parish council, as a nominator and as a synod representative. She was appointed a diocesan reader, regularly reading services and occasionally preaching, at which times her scholarship and her insight into the Christian Church in other countries that she visited were much valued.

Rodgers was a member of the Diocesan Synod from 1976 to 2011, and in 1978, became the first woman elected to the Standing Committee of the Diocese of Sydney. From 1985 to 1993 Rodgers served as the Research Officer for General Synod. From 1981–2000, she was a member of the Standing Committee of the General Synod of the Anglican Church of Australia, and continued as a synod member until 2010.

Rodgers served on a number of committees of the Anglican Church including the Social Issues Committee of the Sydney Diocese, the Doctrine Commission of the General Synod; the General Synod Task Force on Mission, Evangelism, Ministry and Training, and the Ecumenical Affairs Committee of the Diocese of Sydney. Rodgers was a representative of the Anglican Consultative Council in Wales in 1990, Panama in 1996, Dundee in 1999, and Hong Kong in 2002. In 1998 Rodgers attended the Lambeth Conference of Anglican Bishops, as a media officer.

Rodgers was a board member of the Anglican Deaconess Institution. She was a board member of World Vision, Australia, from 1999 to 2008; was a board member, then chairman of New College, University of New South Wales; joint president of the Christian Conference of Asia 1995–2000; an observer of the World Council of Churches and an Anglican representative of the National Council of Churches of Australia from 1994 to 2007.

Roles in the media
Rodgers regularly wrote columns for Southern Cross, the news magazine of the Sydney Diocese, demonstrating natural diplomacy and great skills at working with the media. This led to her appointment as the first chief executive officer of Anglican Media, a post she held from 1994 to 2003, and saw, among other successes, the readership of Southern Cross rise to more than 40,000 per monthly issue. From 2004 to 2007 she was Archbishop's Media Officer to Archbishop Peter Jensen.

Rodgers served for many years on the NSW Council of Churches, and in 2008 was elected president, the first woman to hold this position. From 1997 to 2009 Rodgers was the writer and presenter of weekly news program on Radio 2CH on behalf of the NSW Council of Churches. John Sandeman, who worked with Rodgers on the Anglican Media Council, referred to Rodgers as a "master tactician at the media game", citing her extraordinary ability to get positive press in the general media for the Anglican Church in Sydney, and for the wider Anglican Communion.

Death
Rodgers died of a heart attack on 31 May 2014. Her funeral was held at St Stephen's Anglican Church, Newtown, and was attended by four bishops with whom she had served, as well as many other members of the clergy and laity whose ministry she had facilitated or encouraged.

Honours and tributes
In January 2014, Rodgers was made a Member of the Order of Australia for "significant service to the Anglican Church of Australia through governance and representational roles, and to ecumenical affairs".

In announcing Rodger's death, Archbishop Glenn Davies described her as "a warrior for Christ" and "for many years the leading laywoman of the Diocese of Sydney." He said "She made her mark not only on the Anglican Church in Sydney but also on the National Church and the Anglican Communion as a whole." On 19 June, she was honoured with public service of thanksgiving for her life and service, at St Andrew's Cathedral, Sydney.

John Sandeman wrote:

References

20th-century Anglican deaconesses
1939 births
2014 deaths
Members of the Order of Australia
Seminary presidents
University of Sydney alumni
Academic staff of Moore Theological College
Women heads of universities and colleges


title: Doc Shebeleza

text:
Doc Shebeleza is the second official single from Cassper Nyovest's debut LP Tsholofelo. The song is a tribute to South African Kwaito veteran, Doc Shebeleza. It debuted at number 4 on South Africa's official music chart.

Before its release, Doc Shebeleza was teased a couple of times at live performances. It was made available for free downloads and has been downloaded over 200,000 times. The song peaked at number 1 on the 5FM Top 40 chart.

The remix for Doc Shebeleza was released on 3 November 2014. It was produced by Anatii and features a guest verse from rapper Talib Kweli.

Composition
Production was entirely handled by Fenesse formerly known as Sean Craig Beats. The African Hip Hop Blog described the song as, "A high energy track with a trap beat very similar to any of Lex Luger's last 20 offerings, including a hilarious 4 bar sequence where he acknowledges his desire to get with Minnie Dlamini".

At two points the song also interpolates the Migos song “Versace.”

Artwork
The artwork for the single was released on 8 January 2014 via Twitter.

DStv "Feel Every Moment" Campaign
On 21 August 2014, Cassper Nyovest announced that "Doc Shebeleza" was licensed by DStv for their "Feel Every Moment" campaign. The campaign includes an advertisement which embodies the song. The ad ran from August 2014 to February 2015.

Remix
In October 2014, Nyovest announced that he had been working with American rapper Talib Kweli on the official remix for Doc Shebeleza. It was released on 3 November 2014 as a free digital download.

Accolades

Channel O Music Video Awards

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SA Hip Hop Awards

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Music video
The music video premiered on Channel O on 25 April 2014. It was directed by Nicky Campos and Cassper Nyovest. It features cameos from Doc Shebeleza, iFANi, Slikour, L-Tido, HHP, Smashis, Riky Rick, Maggz, Blayze, DJ Switch, Major League DJz and Fenesse (Sean Craig Beats).

Charts

Weekly charts

References

2014 singles
2013 songs
Cassper Nyovest songs


title: The Boat Race 1983

text:
The 129th Boat Race took place on 2 April 1983.  Held annually, the event is a side-by-side rowing race between crews from the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge along the River Thames.  The pre-race preparation saw Cambridge threaten to boycott the race for the first time, following the inclusion of Boris Rankov in the Oxford boat.  The crews were the two heaviest in the history of the event, and featured ten former Boat Race competitors.  Oxford won the race by  lengths.

Isis won the reserve race, while Cambridge were victorious in the Women's Boat Race.

Background

The Boat Race is a side-by-side rowing competition between the University of Oxford (sometimes referred to as the "Dark Blues") and the University of Cambridge (sometimes referred to as the "Light Blues").  First held in 1829, the race takes place on the  Championship Course on the River Thames in southwest London.  The rivalry is a major point of honour between the two universities and followed throughout the United Kingdom and broadcast worldwide. Oxford were the reigning champions, having beaten Cambridge by  lengths in the previous year's race.  However, Cambridge held the overall lead, with 68 victories to Oxford's 59 (excluding the "dead heat" of 1877).  The race was sponsored by Ladbrokes; the winner was awarded the Ladbrokes Trophy.

On 7 March 1983, Cambridge issued a statement suggesting that they might boycott the race following a dispute over Oxford's selection of Boris Rankov as a member of their crew. Veteran of the previous five Boat Races, all of which were Dark Blue victories, Cambridge argued Rankov was ineligible for inclusion as he was a lecturer at the university. Coach David Townsend of the University of London offered the services of his crew to provide an opponent for Oxford, should Cambridge refuse to participate. Rankov himself had offered to withdraw from the race, but the Dark Blues' committee rejected this. Cambridge finally agreed to race after they reached an agreement with Oxford to discuss and possibly tighten the eligibility criteria. This ultimately led to establishment of the so-called "Rankov Rule", which states that oarsmen will compete in the race no more than four times as an undergraduate and no more than four times as a graduate.

The first Women's Boat Race took place in 1927, but did not become an annual fixture until the 1960s. Up until 2014, the contest was conducted as part of the Henley Boat Races, but as of the 2015 race, it is held on the River Thames, on the same day as the men's main and reserve races.  The reserve race, contested between Oxford's Isis boat and Cambridge's Goldie boat has been held since 1965.  It usually takes place on the Tideway, prior to the main Boat Race.

Crews
The two crews were the heaviest in Boat Race history, Oxford averaging 14 stone 8 lbs (92.3 kg) per rower, nearly  a man heavier than the Cambridge crew, and were pre-race favourites to win an eighth consecutive race. Cambridge's crew featured six unsuccessful Blues, while Oxford's boat contained four Blues with ten Boat Race victories between them. While seven of the Oxford rowers were international post-graduates, Cambridge's crew included seven undergraduates. The average age of the Oxford crew was 25, four years more than Cambridge.

Race

Cambridge won the toss and elected to start from the Surrey station. Oxford, rowing at a higher rate, took an early lead and were clear of Cambridge by the Mile Post.  Extending their lead to six seconds by Hammersmith Bridge, Oxford pushed on to lead by nine seconds at Chiswick Steps. Despite trying to keep in touch, Cambridge were four lengths behind at Barnes Bridge and trailed by 13 seconds as Oxford passed the finishing post.  Oxford won by  lengths in a time of 19 minutes 7 seconds.

This was Oxford's eighth consecutive victory, and their ninth in ten years, and took the overall record to 68–60 in favour of Cambridge. The race was watched by 14 million television viewers.

In the reserve race, Oxford's Isis beat Cambridge's Goldie by  lengths, while Cambridge won the 38th Women's Boat Race.

References

External links
 Official website

The Boat Race
1983 in English sport
1983 in rowing
April 1983 sports events in the United Kingdom
1983 sports events in London