title: Ahmad Surkati

text:
Ahmad Surkati (; ; ; 1875 CE – 6 September 1943) was the founder of the organization Jam'iyat al-Islah wa Al-Irsyad al-Arabiyah (Arab Association for Reform and Guidance), which later transformed into Jam'iyat al-Islah wal Irsyad al-Islamiyyah, which is more commonly called as al-Irshad in Batavia, August 1915. Many historians acknowledge al-Irshad role in the reformation of Islamic thought in Indonesia, but unfortunately his name is not mentioned in the discourse of Islamic thought in Indonesia.

Early life
Ahmad Surkati was born Ahmad bin Muhammad Surkati al-Anshori in around 1875 CE in Udfu, Arqu island near Dongola town, Sudan. The word Surkati is taken from Dongolawi language meaning Many Books (Sur, books; Katti, many), because His grandfather had a lot of books when he returned from study. It is believed that he was descendant of a Sahabah named Jabir bin Abdillah al-Anshori.

He came from an educated family; both his father and grandfather had studied in Egypt, with his father graduated from Al-Azhar University in Cairo. Surkati received his earliest education from his father and succeeded in memorizing the text of al-Quran at a young age. Ahmad attended Ma'had Syarqi Na, an institute led by a distinguished scholar in Dongola. After completing his study at the Institute, his father wanted him to pursue education at Al-Azhar in Egypt as he had done. But the intention was never fulfilled because Sudan was then ruled by the reign of al-Mahdi which was trying to escape from Egyptian ruling. The King of Sudan at the time, Abdullah al-Taaisha, did not allow the people of Sudan to travel to Egypt.

After completing his basic Islamic education in Sudan, He traveled to Mecca to carry out hajj in 1896 CE. Ahmad only briefly stayed in Mecca, then he moved on to Medina and later returned to Mecca. In Medina, He deepened his religious studies and Arabic literature for approximately four and a half years. Two of his famous teachers in Medina were two members of the original Moroccan muhaddiths, namely Sheikh Salih and Umar Hamdan. He also learned the Qur'an from Sheikh Muhammad al-Khuyari. He studied fiqh knowledge from two fiqh scholars at the time, Sheikh Ahmad Mahjub and Sheikh Mubarak an-Nismat (he mostly studied Shafi'i Madhhab), where for the Arabic studies, he learned it from a linguist named Sheikh Muhammad al-Barzan.

He lived in Hejaz for fifteen years in which more than eleven years he spent it in Mecca, where he received "mainstream" education with an emphasis on Hadith, where He graduated from Darul 'Ulum in Mecca. Ahmad Surkati was the first Sudanese to earn the title of al-Allamah in 1326 AH. His outstanding skills as a scholar began to be noticed in around 1909 when he was awarded a distinguished teaching post in Mecca, a position he retained before He was invited by Jamiat Kheir and moved to Batavia.

Career

At Jamiat Kheir
Due to lack of qualified teachers to teach at the Jamiat Kheir school, the board decided to hire teachers from overseas. In around October 1911, Ahmad Surkati arrived in Batavia along with two other teachers, a Sudanese Muhammad bin Abdul Hamid and Muhammad al-Tayyib, a Moroccan who soon returned to his homeland. They had been preceded by another teacher, the Tunisian Muhammad bin Uthman al-Hashimi who had come to the Indies in 1910. Surkati was appointed inspector at the Jamiat Kheir schools. His first two years at this position was a great success, creating an assurance for the Jamiat Kheir to hire four more foreign teachers in October 1913.

Some of more conservative Sayyid members of the Jamiat Kheir were becoming increasingly concerned about Surkati's influence on the Hadhrami community, and particular his attitudes towards the Sayyids themselves. A situation arose regarding the permissibility of non-sayyid men marrying a sayyid woman in Solo in 1913 during the school holidays when Sukarti was staying there and was consulted about the case. A non-Muslim Chinese had a concubine who was a Sayyid's daughter, ostensibly the woman was with him because of her poverty. Surkati regarded her situation as disgraceful so proposed that the Hadramis in the area donate money to her or that she be married by a non-Sayyid Muslim. His first suggestion was ignored and the second suggestion was denounced as forbidden by the Sayyid community (a non-Sayyid man did not match the Kafa'ah for a Sayyid woman). Surkati argued the marriage of non-Sayyid man to a Sayyid woman would be permitted according to the Islamic Law. Surkati gave his answer in more detail with arguments in column Surat al-Jawaab in newspaper "Suluh Hindia" whose editor in chief was Haji Oemar Said Tjokroaminoto. His opinion was quickly heard by the Jamiat Kheir leaders in Batavia, and his relationship with the more conservative Sayyids began to deteriorate rapidly. Sukarti also experienced racist criticism against him over this conflict. The name "'Alawi-Irshadi conflict" became applied to the split between the Sayyid faction (known as 'Alawis, Alawīyūn) and the non-Sayyids (al-Irshād led by Surkati). The 'Alawi Sayyid Muhammad bin 'Abdullāh al-'Aṭṭās even said "The al-Irshad organization, in my view, is no pure Arab organization. There is too much African blood among its members for that". 'Abdullāh Daḥlān attacked Surkati's stance that all humans whether Sayyid or non-Sayyid were equal by arguing that God creating some humans like the Prophet's family (the Sayyids) as superior to others. He said, "will the Negro return from his error or persist in his stubbornness?" Some Hadrami Sayyids including Daḥlān resorted to extreme racist results and insulted Sukarti, calling him "the black death", "black slave", "the black", "the Sudanese" and "the Negro", all while claiming that Sukarti could not speak Arabic and was a non-Arab.

Surkati then wrote his arguments and answers in Al-Masa `il ats-Tsalats in 1925 which contained the issue of Ijtihad, Bid‘ah, Sunnah, Heresy, Ziyarat (visiting graves), Taqbil (kissing the hands of Sayyids) and Tawassul. This essay paper actually was prepared as the material for a debate with Ali al-Thayyib of the Ba'alawi. The debate itself was initially planned to be held in Bandung. But Ali al-Thayyib cancelled it and asked the debate to be held in Masjid Ampel in Surabaya. But eventually he cancelled it again so there was no debate at all. Surkati tendered his resignation from his position on September 18, 1914.

Al-Irshad
Many non-Sayyids and some Sayyids left the Jamiat Kheir with him. He initially intended to return to Mecca where he used to teach, but was persuaded to stay by a few non-Sayyid Hadhramis named Umar manqūsh (or Mangus with another transliteration) the Kapitein der Arabieren in Batavia, Sholih ‘Ubaid and Sa’id bin Salim al-Mash’abi, so he then opened another Islamic school named Al-Irshad Al-Islamiya in Batavia on September 6, 1914, with the financial assistance of some Arabs, the largest of which of Abdullah bin Alwi Alatas as 60,000 Dutch gulden.  The legal recognition by Dutch colonial government was issued on August 11, 1915.

After three years of existence, the Al-Irshad Association began to open schools and branches in cities around Java. Each branch was characterized by the establishment of school (Madrasa). The first branch was in Tegal in 1917, where its Madrasa led by Ahmad Surkati's first generation student, namely Abdullah bin Salim al-Attas. This was followed by the branches in Pekalongan, Cirebon, Bumiayu, Surabaya and other cities.

Al-Irshad in the early days of his birth was known as the Islamic reform group in Nusantara, along with Muhammadiyah and PERSIS (Persatuan Islam). The three main leading characters of this organizations: Ahmad Surkati, Ahmad Dahlan, and Ahmad Hassan (A. Hassan), often referred to as "The Trio of Indonesian Islamic Reformers." All three of them were also close friends. According to A. Hassan, Ahmad Dahlan and himself were in fact disciples of Ahmad Surkati, although with unbound official timetable.

Later life and death

A. Hassan introduced Surkati to Sukarno when he was in exile in Ende, East Nusa Tenggara through Surkati's papers and books. After Sukarno was freed, he often visited Surkati. Ahmad Surkati was also the spiritual teacher of Jong Islamieten Bond (JIB), where its activists such as Muhammad Natsir, Kasman Sigodimedjo and others often learned from.

Ahmad Surkati died at 10:00 am on Thursday, September 6, 1943, at his residence on Gang Solan St. (now Jl. KH. Hasyim Ash'ari no. 25) Jakarta, exactly 29 years after he founded Al-Irshad. His was buried at the Karet Bivak cemetery with modest means, with no gravestone nor sign of anything on the grave to fulfill his last wish before death.

See also
Satti Majid
Indonesia–Sudan relations
Jamiat Kheir
Muhammadiyah

References

Citations

Bibliography

1875 births
Muslim reformers
Sudanese Sunni Muslims
Indonesian Sunni Muslims
Sudanese Islamists
Indonesian Islamists
Sudanese emigrants to Indonesia
Indonesian people of Sudanese descent
1943 deaths


title: Dragon and Soldier

text:
Dragon and Soldier is a 2004 science fiction novel by Timothy Zahn and the second book in his Dragonback series. It was preceded by 2003's Dragon and Thief and was followed by Dragon and Slave. It was first published on June 1, 2004 by Starscape and is set on two Earth-like planets and an intelligent spacecraft. It follows the human Jack Morgan and his dragon-esque partner Draycos as they set off on an unsuccessful investigation.

Plot
To identify which, among the various mercenary armies operating in the Orion Arm, coöperated with Draycos' most-recent attackers, Jack enlists in the mercenary force 'Whinyard's Edge', to investigate whether they, or any of their rivals, were participants in the ambush; but when Jack's burglary of their records is interrupted by that of fellow-recruit 'Alison Kayna', both burglars, and their four closest acquaintances among the new recruits, are betrayed by their officers to the rival organization 'Shamshir'. Having escaped, and later rescued Jack's comrades, Jack and Draycos feign destruction of the mine for which both organizations are fighting, whereupon the organizations abandon the mine to local claimants. Thereafter Jack plans to investigate the slave-trade supplying all the mercenary societies with 'Brummgas' (a troll-like species), in hope of there finding the desired information. In the epilogue, Alison Kayna investigates Jack's possessions; but the results are unseen until the sixth book of the series, Dragon and Liberator.

Reception
This second novel in the series received generally positive reviews. The  introduction of a new lead character, Alison, a girl about Jack's age, provides scope for additional character development.

References

2004 American novels
Novels by Timothy Zahn


title: Kirwan House

text:
Kirwan House or The Female Orphan House was a Church of Ireland-run female orphanage initially at 42 Prussia Street (1790-93), next on Dublin's North Circular Road (1793-1959) and latterly at 134 Sandford Road in Ranelagh (1959-87).

Since 1991, Kirwan House has operated as a Trust Fund to award bursaries to assist in the education of children who were Church of Ireland or of other Reformed Faith/Protestant Churches in Ireland, who were in need.

History
The Female Orphan Society was established in Dublin, in 1790 and is one of Ireland's oldest extant charities, incorporated in one of the last acts of the Irish Parliament before the Act of Union in 1800.

"Destitute Girls" (whose both parents were deceased) were placed in the home, and were instructed in the Protestant faith and were trained to be domestic servants.

The Female Orphan House was founded by Mrs. Ann Tighe and Mrs. Margaret Este (who died in 1791 and was succeeded by Elizabeth La Touche) initially in a small property at 42 Prussia Street in Stoneybatter.

Since 1991, Kirwan House has operated as a Trust Fund to award bursaries to assist in the education of children who were Church of Ireland or of other Reformed Faith/Protestant Churches in Ireland, who were in need.

Kirwan House (Park House)
In 1792, the architect Whitmore Davis was engaged by the banker John LaTouche to design a building to be constructed on land owned by Charles Stanley Monck, Esq and named Kirwan House after the Dean of Killala, Walter Blake Kirwan, who preached sermons regarding the establishment of such an institution and was responsible for raising the majority of the funds. The orphanage moved into its own dedicated building on the North Circular Road around 1793.

A copper plaque on the front of the building was said to have read "The first stone of this house was laid by Mrs. Elizabeth LaTouche, consort of Peter LaTouche esquire, city of Dublin on the 12th of June 1792; Whitmore Davis architect". On the same day Peter LaTouche was said to have given £500 towards the building.

After the Female Orphan House moved to the North Circular Road, the 42 Prussia Street building became The Orphan House for Destitute Boys, which operated until 1802 when it closed for unknown reasons.

Chapel (1818)
The architect of the Chapel on the North Circular Road, built-in 1818 was William Farrell renowned for many Church of Ireland buildings, and contained plasterwork by the renowned stuccodore George Stapleton. The Chapel was opened by Bishop Charles Brodrick (whose family were associated with the institution) and Bishop John Jebb preached the sermon. The chapel contained fine stained glass dedicated to the LaTouche family.

19th and 20th century
The Home was visited by George IV in 1821 during his visit to Ireland. stopping on his way to the Viceregal Lodge in the Phoenix Park. The king ordered shirts from the orphanage produced by the orphans' needlework, and he presented 100 wooden bedsteads to the home.

The home had accommodation for 160 orphans and an episcopal chapel. For a time some land in the Phoenix Park was allocated to the home to provide cattle for the production of milk.

Regardless of their religion before entering the Institution, the girls were brought up in the Anglican faith. The Institution was funded through government grants, subscriptions, donations, and the proceeds of the work of the girls.

The La Touche family having a long history associated with the home, William Blake Kirwan named his son Anthony La Touche Kirwan, Peter La Touche and his brother John were governors of Kirwan House, Peters's wife, Elizabeth, was headmistress, in 1942 the last La Touche associated with the Home Miss Mary La Touche who was governor died.

Rev. Charles Dickinson DD, who became Anglican Bishop of Meath served as chaplain to the home for 12 years, from 1822 to 1833 years, visiting the home twice a week to deliver religious instruction. Rev. Cadwallader Wolseley served as chaplain and secretary, for 20 years from 1833 to 1853, and governor until his death. Rev. John Rogerson Cotter AM, served as chaplain.

1830 seen the school move from St. Paul's (Church of Ireland) parish to the newly established All Saints Church, Grangegorman parish.

A Brief Record of The Female Orphan House, North Circular Road, Dublin, For over one hundred years, from 1790 to 1892 was printed in 1893 about the orphanage.

The Church of Ireland Archbishop of Dublin would have been chair of the board of governors, The Queen was the patroness and president, and the Dowager Duchess of Abercorn was the vice patroness.

Rev. Henry Taylor in 1901 leased the lands owned by the home, to Bohemians F.C. upon which Dalymount Park was developed.

In 1943 another Protestant run orphanage Belvedere Protestant Children's Orphanage, in Westmeath, closed and the remaining four orphans were transferred to Kirwan House.

Kirwan House would have been associated with another Church of Ireland designated Mother and Child Home, the Bethany Home, with mothers and children transferred between them

Closure as a home
The Thomas Pleasants Asylum and Trust on Camden Street (established 1818) and the T.P. Dormer Trust were merged with Kirwan House Trust in 1949.

By the 1950s only 13 orphans remained in Park House on the North Circular Road and it was agreed to move them to the nearby and far smaller parsonage which was later also renamed as Kirwan House. It was agreed to sell the old and far larger Kirwan House in 1955 with the buildings including the chapel and gate house sold off at auction on the 5th of October 1958.

In 1959 the home moved to 134 Sandford Road, Ranelagh which itself was sold in 1987, and funds put into the Kirwan House Trust. A tombstone was erected following donations in 1859 on a plot in Mount Jerome Cemetery, Dublin, where orphans who died were interred in without their names. A former matron of the orphanage, Eliza Shiels, is buried in a marked grave beside the home's plot.

The building was sold and home and church were demolished, despite hopes, that some of the architecture would be preserved. As of 2023, only the parsonage remains at 195 North Circular Road as a protected structure.

Park House and Kirwan House office complex
In 1972, a modern complex of buildings was developed on the site by the McInerney family. Initially intended to be a hotel, the buildings were never used for this purpose and the development was turned into an office block named Park House and Kirwan House. The block was constructed on a podium with deep recessed tinted windows.

In 2017, Dublin Institute of Technology, now known as Technological University Dublin acquired the buildings to be incorporate them into its new campus.

Chaplains
 Rev. Henry Campbell A.B. - 1791, priest in St. Paul's, Smithfield.
 Rev. Charles Mayne - 1816
 Rev. John Rogerson Cotter - 1818
 Rev. Charles Dickinson DD - 1822-1833, Bishop of Meath (1840-1842)
 Rev. Cadwallader Wolseley MA - 1833-1853
 Rev. Edward Lysaght - 1853
 Rev. James Peed MA - 1853
 Rev. David H. Elrington - 1855
 Rev. William J. Mulloy - 1857
 Rev. John Digby Cooke - 1865
 Rev. J.M. Harden - 1899-1901, later Bishop of Tuam(1928-1931)
 Rev. Henry Taylor - 1901
 Rev. William Herbert Charles Walford Turl - 1923-1925
 Rev. Charles Trevelyan Aubrey Carter, 1943-1952

See also
 Bethany Home, Rathgar, Dublin
 Belvedere Protestant Children's Orphanage, Tyrrellspass, Co. Westmeath.
 Bethesda Chapel and Female Orphan School, Dorset Street, Dublin.
 Magdalen Asylum Leeson Street, Dublin.
 Westbank Orphanage, Greystones, Co. Wicklow
 PACT (Protestant Adoption Society)
 St Mary's House for destitute protestant females (Damer House), 27 Parnell Street

References

1791 establishments in Ireland
Burials at Mount Jerome Cemetery and Crematorium
Church of Ireland buildings and structures in Ireland
Demolished buildings and structures in Dublin


title: Dragon and Slave

text:
Dragon and Slave is the third volume of Timothy Zahn's Dragonback series, following Dragon and Thief and Dragon and Soldier. It is a thriller, set largely on the fictional planet Brum-a-dum, and follows its protagonists' experience of slavery.

Publication history
The novel was first published in June 2005 by Starscape

Sequels
Its sequels are Dragon and Herdsman, Dragon and Judge and Dragon and Liberator.

Plot
Having determined that the various 'Brummgas' (a troll-like species reputed for unintelligence) encountered in the prior two volumes, are supplied to mercenary societies by their home planet's 'Chookoock' estate, protagonists Jack (a 14-year-old former burglar) and the dragonlike Draycos infiltrate the slave-population thereof, in hope of identifying, among the estate's clients, the mercenaries who earlier killed Draycos' shipmates. Initially accepted as a field-slave, Jack later enters the owners' house as an entertainer, where he fails to identify Draycos' enemies, but is himself arranged for sale by antagonist Gazen. At the resulting auction, Draycos (unseen except by Jack and the reader) and Jack observe an enemy soldier earlier glimpsed in Dragon and Thief, the first volume, and identify the organization to which he belongs; thus completing their objective. Thereafter Jack leads a slave-revolt, freeing approximately 30 slaves and placing them under the protection of a nearby consulate.

References

2005 American novels
American fantasy novels

Novels by Timothy Zahn
Novels about slavery
Novels set on fictional planets


title: Albert Silva

text:
D. G. Albert de Silva (16 June 1917 – 11 April 2009), commonly known as Albert Silva, was a Sri Lankan politician. Elected to the parliament from Galle electorate in 1977, Albert de Silva was a legislator in the J. R. Jayawardene government.

Dangedera Gamage Albert de Silva was born on 16 June 1917, and was educated at Mahinda College in Galle. Albert de Silva defeated the former Prime Minister Dr. Wijayananda Dahanayake at the 1977 general election, contesting for the Galle seat. He made a great effort to develop Galle, until he was unseated on an election petition filed by Wijayananda Dahanayake. A by-election was held on 20 December 1979, where Dahanayake won as a United National Party candidate for Galle. Later the government appointed Albert Silva as the member of the parliament for Kamburupitiya electorate in Matara District. He served as the MP for Kamburupitiya until his resignation on 10 February 1983.

The first proper bus stand in Galle was erected in 1978 on the instructions and efforts of Albert Silva, then the Member of the parliament for Galle. The Galle Police station, Post Office and the main Bus Terminus were built when he was the MP in the area. He rendered yeoman service to uplift electricity, health and education facilities among the people of Galle. As a politician, he also played a pioneer role in religious and social activities in the area and spent his personal wealth for the well-being of the poor people. He was married to Ratna Kottegoda, and had two daughters Chandani, Harshani and a son Viraj. Albert de Silva died on 11 April 2009, at the Karapitiya Teaching Hospital after a brief illness, and was 91 at the time of his death.

References

1917 births
2009 deaths
Alumni of Mahinda College
Sri Lankan Buddhists
Members of the 8th Parliament of Sri Lanka
People from Galle


title: Chronic subjective dizziness

text:
The term chronic subjective dizziness (CSD) is used to describe a commonly encountered type of dizziness that is not easily categorized into one of several other types, and for which the physical examination is typically normal.  Patients with CSD frequently initially suffer a sudden injury of some sort to their vestibular system, the neurologic network that preserves sense of balance. Even after this initial injury has healed, people with CSD usually describe a vague sense of unsteadiness worsened by triggers in their environment such as high places, standing on moving objects, or standing in motion-rich environments like busy streets or crowds. There is a clear indication that anxiety and other mental illnesses play a role in the dizziness symptoms that occur with CSD. However, the condition is categorized as chronic functional vestibular disorder, not  as a structural or psychiatric condition.

Proposals include renaming it persistent postural-perceptual dizziness (PPPD) which better captures the multiple aspects of the condition under its title. It is under that title the World Health Organization has included PPPD in its draft list of diagnoses to be included to the next edition of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) in 2017.

Signs and symptoms
Symptoms can include:
 A constant sense of unsteadiness, rocking or swaying, dizziness or lightheadedness
 Disequilibrium on most days for at least 3 months
 Spatial orientation problems
 Off-kilter sensation
 Extreme sensitivity to movement and/or complex visual stimuli such as grocery stores or driving in certain weather conditions
 Worsening dizziness with experience of complex visual environments such as walking through a grocery store
 Heavy-headedness; a feeling of floating, wooziness

Symptoms of CSD can be worsened by any self-precipitated motion, usually from the head, or the witnessing of motion from another subject. These are usually less noticeable when the person is lying still.

Diagnosis
Diagnosis can be difficult as there is not a specific test for PPPD but rather a series of elimination tests for other vestibular causes.  If elimination test are all normal and the symptoms match a PPPD diagnosis is possible.

Treatment
Effective treatments include vestibular rehabilitation therapy, medications such as SSRIs and psychotherapy, including the most effectively represented cognitive behavioral therapy.

Promising results were also found with transcranial direct-current stimulation combined with vestibular rehabilitation with significant improvement in symptoms of patients over a sham group in an exploratory study.

More recently, a study showed non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation to offer significant effect in PPPD patients regarding the quality of life, postural balance control, attack severity and depression level, with no reported serious side effects. The findings are argued to imply vagus nerve stimulation to be a safe and promising treatment option in patients with treatment-refractory PPPD and suggesting the need for further research.

History
Perhaps the first account of CSD was the German neurologist Karl Westphal's portrayal in the late 1800s of people who suffered dizziness, anxiety and spatial disorientation when shopping in town squares.  This phenomenon was called "agoraphobia", meaning a fear of the marketplace.  The term is now used to describe a psychological fear, but Westphal's original description included many symptoms of dizziness and imbalance not included in the modern psychiatric definition. Unlike people who feel anxious in crowds because they feel something bad will happen, people with CSD may dislike crowds because all the movement leads to a sensation of dizziness.

References

Symptoms
Neurological disorders


title: Amel Karboul

text:
Amel Karboul  (Tunisian Arabic: آمال كربول; born 25 April 1973) is a Tunisian author, speaker, politician, philanthropist, and business leader. Karboul was the first woman in history to occupy Tunisia's Minister of Tourism position as the youngest member of the Mehdi Jomaa government from January 2014 to February 2015.

Personal life
Karboul was born in Tunis, the capital of Tunisia. Her father, Mohamed Karboul, was the Secretary of State in the Ministry of the Interior in the Baccouche government and the Tunisian ambassador to West Germany. Karboul was formerly married to German engineer Marcus Gottschalk from 2002 to 2016. She has two daughters, Shedlia and Leyla. Karboul completed a master's degree in Mechanical Engineering in Germany, received a Doctorate in the United Kingdom, and has worked in four continents. She cites her intercultural background and feminist upbringing as major influences on her political beliefs and career. Karboul is fluent in Arabic, French, English and German, and also has knowledge of Spanish, Brazilian Portuguese and Greek.

Biography
In 2014, she was named one of the top ten most influential politicians in Africa. Before venturing into politics, Karboul was a project leader for the Mercedes-Benz brand in South Africa and Germany as well as an executive with the DaimlerChrysler Corporate University in the United States, Germany, and Singapore. She has also worked in leadership roles for global consulting groups such as Neuwaldegg and the Boston Consulting Group.

Karboul was the CEO and founder of the international leadership and change consulting firm Change, Leadership and Partners.

Karboul wrote Coffin Corner, a book published by Midas Management Press in 2015, in which she describes a new leadership culture more suited to the complexities of the 21st century. From May 2015 to October 2017, Karboul served as the Secretary-General of the Maghreb Economic Forum, and a commissioner to the International Commission on Financing Global Education Opportunity.

Currently, Karboul is the CEO of the Education Outcomes Fund, an organisation that aims to transform education worldwide by tying funding to measurable results.

Education and career
Karboul attended the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology in Germany, where she earned a master's degree with honors in Mechanical Engineering in 1996. In 2002, she received a systemic coaching certification from the IFW Munich. Karboul would later earn a doctorate in coaching and mentoring from the Oxford Brookes University in the United Kingdom.

Over the span of her career, Karboul has served in leadership roles for a variety of worldwide corporations. She was the project leader for innovation management and supplier relationship for the Mercedes-Benz Brand in South Africa and Germany, where she worked from 1996 until January 2000.

In addition to her work with Mercedes-Benz, she was also an executive for knowledge transfer and leadership development at the DaimlerChrysler Corporate University in USA, Singapore, and Germany until 2001.

In 2001, Karboul became a strategy consultant for the Boston Consulting Group in Germany. She said in an interview, “I was first drawn to consulting—and BCG in particular—because of the diversity of tasks and opportunity to learn. I felt consulting would help make my professional canvas broader by giving me experience across industry sectors and exposing me to diverse skills and approaches.”

From 2002 to 2007, Karboul was first a senior consultant and later elected to be a managing partner of the consulting group Neuwaldegg in Vienna, Austria. Her primary duties with the company were dedicated to technological, sociological, and systemic change through organizational and leadership development.

In 2007, Karboul founded the international leadership and change consulting firm Change, Leadership and Partners. According to the firm's website, the consultancy is devoted to working with leaders and organizations worldwide in order to build a more desirable and sustainable future. The company has offices in Tunis, Cologne, and London.

Karboul was commended for her business coaching at the 2012 ESMT/KDVI Coaching Colloquium in Berlin, where she was given the 2012 Best Coaching Colloquium Case Award. ESMT's Konstantin Korotov and Andreas Bernhard cited the case's learning and developmental impact on the coaching community among the reasons they selected Karboul for the award. “I can tell you that for a top team that rather deny their own dysfunctions, and by that threatening a multi-billion € investment, to open up and look in the mirror was a huge step,” Karboul said of her case. “It was not about ‘feeling better’ but about creating a high-performing top team that can navigate the company in times of crisis. It was about overcoming egos and creating space for different perspectives and truths. Together with the team, we achieved a tipping point.”
Karboul’s executive coaching has also been recognized in several German magazines such as Brand Eins, an acclaimed business magazine which sells an estimated 100,000 copies every month and has featured her multiple times. Other German publications featuring Karboul include the Handelsblatt daily business newspaper and national daily publication Die Welt.

Karboul has served as a visiting professor at Duke Corporate Education, which was ranked first in the world in Custom Executive Education for 12 consecutive years by Financial Times. Karboul has also lectured at numerous other schools such as the ZFU Business School, the Witten School of Management, and Frankfurt University of Applied Sciences.

Minister of Tourism

Karboul was named the Minister of Tourism for Tunisia in January 2014. She was the first woman in Tunisian history to occupy the position, and served as the youngest member of Prime Minister Mehdi Jomaa’s government from January 2014 to February 2015.

During her speech at the TEDx Carthage event in 2014, Karboul shared an account of her invitation to become part of the new Tunisian government. “Three months ago, I had a phone call that changed my life,” she said. “Our prime minister, Mehdi Jomaa, called me and said ‘Tunisia needs us. Come back home. Come back to rebuild our nation. Come back to be part of a startup democracy team.”

Controversy was raised around Karboul during a session of Tunisia's Constituent Assembly meant to give the incoming government a vote of confidence. The incident began when some members of the assembly criticized over rumors that she had once visited Israel. Mehdi Jomaa defended his minister, stating that Karboul had never followed through with the trip in question after she was interrogated for several hours in an airport, reportedly for being Arab and Muslim. The new government would eventually gain the assembly's vote of confidence.

The new government of Medi Johmaa was sworn in on January 29 of 2014. Karboul would tender her resignation from the position of Minister of Tourism just hours later. “It is the Prime Minister’s decision whether to accept my resignation or not,” she said.

Karboul expressed her commitment to serve Tunisia, noting that despite several difficulties, the country still offers opportunities of development. Jomaa would refuse this resignation, citing his continued confidence in his minister.

As Minister of Tourism, Karboul general role was to revamp Tunisia's tourism, which represents 8-12 percent of their GDP and is vital to the well-being of 20 percent of the population. She also helped ensure transparent elections took place, along with working to create more effective economic and social governance policies.

During her term, Karboul generated “national hype” for her activity on social media. She has earned international awards for use of these social platforms to encourage youth empowerment in the digital world.

In 2015, Karboul was awarded the Commandeur de l’Ordre de la République Tunisienne in acknowledgement of her outstanding service to her country.

After the Government

In 2016, Karboul became the Secretary-General of the Maghreb Economic Forum, an independent non-profit and non-partisan organization that aims to create a more inclusive and sustainable economy in the Maghreb region by helping leaders address challenges such as social growth, gender equality, and economic reform with a more innovative approach.

On her website, Karboul says it is her duty to “give a face to both Tunisian research and development and to the implementation of democratic, social and economic reforms and strategies, and also to network the institution with other bodies, instigate cooperation and gain supporters, so as to promote progress and development for Tunisian society and the whole region.”

In an interview with the Boston Consulting Group, she shared her vision for Tunisia's youth. “Given our individual and collective strengths, we believe that we can and must work to rebuild our region,” Karboul said. “Our young people deserve a better future. I dream of a time when people across this region will enjoy a decent education, plentiful jobs, health, and a good quality of life, and when Tunisia in particular will be a leading light for other Arab nations.”

In September 2016, Karboul was one of more than 20 world leaders named to lead the International Commission on Financing Global Education Opportunity. The commission, which includes five former presidents and prime ministers as well as three Nobel Prize recipients, was created to reverse the lack of financing for education worldwide. “Our mission was to put forth a groundbreaking set of solutions to end the global crisis in education,” Karboul said. “What we found was clear enough: inclusive education — education that reaches every child, especially those at greatest risk of not learning, such as the poor, the discriminated against, girls, and those facing multiple disadvantages — is the central tool necessary to combat economic stagnation, political instability, conflict, migration, gender inequality, corruption, preventable illness, and inequality-fueled discontent.”

Karboul explained in a separate interview that she believes education reform is critical as new generations have continued to fall behind the educational curve. “Until now, education has been very much seen as a national topic—without ever really making it onto the global agenda,” Karboul said. “We’re looking at how to get 124 million children and youth to school for the first time, and to improve upon what and how we teach the 250 million others who are already in school but who are not learning enough. If we fail to act today, we'll lose many future generations.”

Founding the Education Outcomes Fund

In 2018 Amel became the founding CEO of The Education Outcomes Fund (EOF). Born out of the Education Commission chaired by former UK Prime Minister Gordon Brown, and the Global Steering Group for Impact Investment chaired by Sir Ronald Cohen, it is an ambitious effort to significantly improve education and employment outcomes by tying funding to measurable results.

In 2020 EOF became a hosted trust fund within UNICEF and its first programs, including in Sierra Leone in partnership with the LEGO Foundation, began in 2021.

Amel spoke at the Government Outcomes Lab's 2018 and 2020 Social Outcomes Conferences about the ways that outcomes-based funding can encourage collaboration between civil society organizations and improve transparency and accountability from governments.

In October 2021, Karboul attended the Global Steering Group for Impact Investment Summit to chair a Keynote Fireside session titled ‘improving education through new financial models’. The panel also included contributions from Safeena Husain and Theo Sowa on how inclusive finance in education can deliver impact where it is needed the most.

Current Board Memberships

Karboul currently serves as an Advisory Board Member at the Global AI Index, which ranks nations based on their level of investment, innovation, and implementation of Artificial Intelligence.

Karboul is also a Commissioner at The Education Commission, which is chaired by former Prime Minister of the United Kingdom Gordon Brown and seeks to ensure that all children have access to learning within the next generation. As part of her work with the Commission she chairs the DeliverEd initiative, which works to strengthen the ability of governments to institute meaningful reforms that directly improve learning outcomes.

In addition, Karboul serves as a board member on the Global Tech Panel, which brings together leaders from the tech industry, the world of investment, and civil society to foster new types of cooperation between diplomacy and technology.

Lectures and Publications

Karboul has appeared in wide variety of lectures and publications, often working to spur advances in business leadership and educational advancement. She champions innovation as a means to overcome traditional struggles such as employment, political instability, and economic reform.

At the 2015 TEDx Berlin event, themed “How Leaders Thrive in a Complex World”, Karboul discussed some of the ideas from her recently published book The Coffin Corner. “It only takes one app to make an entire industry irrelevant,” she said, explaining that business leaders who rely too much on planning and controlling will struggle to keep up in a constantly evolving global marketplace.

As a keynote speaker for the 2016 Supporting Syria and the Region conference in London, Karboul described what she believes is the key to reversing many of the issues plaguing the region. “There is a magic key that can open the room of opportunities, the room of security, and the room of long-term stability—and that key is called education,” she said. “Staying with a classic approach, building schools and hiring teachers always, is not fast and effective enough. Today through technology, we can bring education, and even school to children, if we can't bring the children to school.”

At a zenithTalk in Casablanca in September 2017, Karboul outlined what she believes the dangers are if children in developing countries are denied access to education. “I don't know how you feel about it, but living in a world where half of the world’s children are denied any opportunity – what does that mean for conflict, for refugee streams, for migration etc?”

In October 2017, Karboul gave a TED talk entitled “The Global Learning Crisis – and what to do about it”.  In her speech, she asserted that “the most important infrastructure we have is educated minds” and outlined strategies to ensure that every child is in school within a generation. At the 2019 CogX festival, Karboul contributed to a panel discussion about the future of work and education, where she highlighted the ways that AI could help provide solutions to the learning crisis in the Middle East and Africa.

See also

Mehdi Jomaa
 Elyes Fakhfakh

References

1973 births
Women government ministers of Tunisia
Living people
Politicians from Tunis
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology alumni
21st-century Tunisian women politicians
21st-century Tunisian politicians


title: Setaria cervi

text:
Setaria cervi is a species of parasitic roundworms belonging to the genus Setaria. It infects cattle, bison, yak, reindeer, buffalo, moose, and sheep all over the world. It is most prevalent in Europe and Asia. Different species of Aedes mosquito can transmit the filarial worm. Stable fly Haematobia stimulans is the major vector. The mature roundworms are primarily present in the abdominal (peritoneal) cavity, but are capable of migrating to central nervous system causing serious neurological disease.

Description

Setaria cervi shows sexual dimorphism as a typical roundworm. Males are relatively smaller measuring 50 mm long and 40 μm wide, while females are much larger measuring 100 mm long and 750 μm wide. Males can be distinguished from those of other species from showing horn-like lateral appendages and characteristic striated bands on the ventral side of the tail. The larvae (microfilariae) are very small and only about 200 μm long. The infective larvae are about 2 mm.

Life cycle

Setaria cervi is transmitted between mammals as definitive hosts and insects as intermediate hosts. Microfilariae are ingested by insect vector when they bite infected host. Once inside the gut of the insect, the larvae shed off their protective covering, a process called exsheathing. This generally take place within 90 minutes of initial ingestion. They penetrate the stomach wall and migrate to the body cavity, haemocoel. After 48 hours they move to fat bodies, where they undergo development by moulting. Second moulting follows after 11 days of infection. Soon after, the juveniles move back to haemocoel to become fully infective larvae. Then they move towards the proboscis from where they are readily released. Infective larvae are characterised by numerous projections called tubercles on the tail end.

The infective larvae are injected into the mammalian host, where they undergo third moulting. By this the size of the body is greatly enlarged. Full maturation into reproductive adults require about a year. The average lifespan of an adult is 1.5 years.

Pathogenicity

Setaria cervi in the body cavity is generally harmless. But the young larvae upon infection can move to the nervous system, where they induce severe neurological disease, as well as in the eye, where they can cause eye damage resulting in blindness.

Treatment

Albendazole is very effective on the microfilariae. Hetrazan, tetramisole and levamisole are most commonly used.

References

External links
Classification at Encyclopedia of Life
The Merck Veterinary Manual

Spirurida
Parasitic nematodes of mammals
Nematodes described in 1819
Taxa named by Karl Rudolphi


title: 1996 in Ukraine

text:
Events in the year 1996 in Ukraine.

Incumbents
President: Leonid Kuchma
Prime Minister: Yevhen Marchuk (until 28 May), Pavlo Lazarenko (starting 28 May)

Events
June 28 - first celebration of Constitution Day (Ukraine)

Births

Deaths
January 22 - Petro Shelest, politician
November 10 - Imam Alimsultanov, Chechen folk singer
November 25 - Mykhailo Krechko, composer
Hryhory Nazarenko, musician

References

1990s in Ukraine
Years of the 20th century in Ukraine
Ukraine
Ukraine


title: 1998 in Ukraine

text:
Events in the year 1998 in Ukraine.

Incumbents
President: Leonid Kuchma
Prime Minister: Valeriy Pustovoitenko

Events
March 29
1998 Ukrainian parliamentary election
1998 Crimean parliamentary election

Full date unknown
 Kozhaniy Olen', a ska-punk band from Simferopol, is created.

Births

 May 7 – Maryna Piddubna, Paralympic swimmer

Deaths
 April 22 – Vadym Hetman, Chairman of the National Bank of Ukraine 1992–1993

References

1990s in Ukraine
Years of the 20th century in Ukraine
Ukraine
Ukraine


title: 2012 in Ukraine

text:
2012 in Ukraine is a list of the main events that took place in 2012 in Ukraine. There is also a list of notable people who died in 2012. In addition, a list of memorable dates and anniversaries of 2012 has been compiled. Over time, famous Ukrainians born in 2012 will be added.

 Left the London Olympics with 20 medals (6 gold, 4 silver, and 10 bronze). Ukraine at the 2012 Summer Olympics

Events
 March 30 - Ukraine and the European Union initial an association agreement providing for the creation of a free trade zone and visa facilitation;
 April 2 - in Ukraine, the first flight on the route Kharkiv-Kiev went a high-speed train, designed to move at speeds up to 160 kilometres per hour, produced by the Kryukiv Railway Car Building Works;
 April 5 - Georgy Filipchuk, former Minister of Environmental Protection in the Second Tymoshenko government, is sentenced to three years in prison by the Solomyansky District Court of Kyiv;
 April 12 - Kyiv's Pechersk District Court sentences former Defence Minister Valery Ivashchenko to five years in prison;
 April 27 - Dnipropetrovsk explosions
 May 14 - Viktor Yanukovych signed the new Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine;
 May 18 - The Supreme Court of the Russian Federation liquidated the Union of Ukrainians of Russia;
 June 8 - July 1 - Poland and Ukraine host the 2012 European Football Championship. In the final in Kyiv, Spain defeated Italy with a record score of 4: 0;
 July 31 - The Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine ratifies the agreement on a free trade zone with the Commonwealth of Independent States countries;
 August 17 - Former Interior Minister Yuriy Lutsenko sentenced to 2 years in prison;
 August 29 - September 9 - Paralympic Games in London, where Ukraine won fourth place;
 According to the State Statistics Service, in September, for the first time in 19 years, the population of Ukraine increased;
 September 26 - Karavan shooting;
 October 19 - Russian opposition leader Leonid Razvozzhayev is abducted and taken to Moscow near the UN Office for Refugees by Russian special services in Kyiv;
 October 28 - Ukraine holds parliamentary elections;
 November 7 - Prime Minister Mykola Azarov transfers a stolen Toyota Land Cruiser SUV confiscated from the Minister of Justice to the Ministry of Justice and orders the Ministry of Internal Affairs to register the vehicle;
 December 1 - Ukrainian Anna Ushenina became world champion in women's chess;
 December 3 - Mykola Azarov's government is dismissed;
 December 5 - Against the background of mass cancellation of flights, the largest air carrier in Ukraine "AeroSvit" filed for bankruptcy in the Commercial Court of Kyiv region;
 December 5 - In the annual Corruption Perceptions Index compiled by the international non-governmental organization Transparency International, Ukraine ranks 144th and is named the most corrupt country in Europe;
 December 15 - Trofimov Beheadings
 December 24 - Oleksandr Yaroslavsky under pressure from the city authorities sold the football club "Metalist" for $ 300 million;
 December 26 - Mykhailo Fomenko is approved as the head coach of the Ukraine national football team.

Died
 February 1 - Stepan Sapelyak, Ukrainian poet, novelist, publicist, literary critic, human rights activist, public figure;
 February 3 - Vyacheslav Boykov, Ukrainian musician, pianist, teacher, Honored Artist of Ukraine;
 February 24 - Andriy Benckendorf, Ukrainian and Russian film director;
 March 8 - Oksana Makar
 March 17 - John Demjanjuk, a Ukrainian Red Army soldier, acquitted in 1993 by the Israeli Supreme Court of war crimes charges during World War II;
 March 20 - Atena Pashko, chemical engineer, poet and social activist
 May 23 - Borys Voznytsky, Ukrainian art critic, director of the Lviv Art Gallery, Hero of Ukraine (2005), winner of the Taras Shevchenko National Prize (1990);
 July 31 - Iryna Kalynets, Ukrainian poet;
 November 27 - Ivan Bilyk, Ukrainian writer and translator, winner of the Shevchenko Prize;
 December 18 - Anatoliy Zayayev, Honored Coach of Ukraine in football.

Shevchenko National Prize 2012
This year the winners of the award were:

 art critic Tetyana Kara-Vasylieva - for the book "History of Ukrainian embroidery";
 artist Anatoliy Kryvolap - for a series of paintings "Ukrainian motif";
 poet Petro Midianka - for the book of poems "Luitra in the sky";
 writer Volodymyr Rutkivsky - for the historical trilogy for children "Jury";
 composer Victor Stepurko - for the musical work "Monologues of the Centuries".

Incumbents
President: Viktor Yanukovych
Prime Minister: Mykola Azarov

References

2010s in Ukraine
Years of the 21st century in Ukraine
Ukraine
Ukraine


title: Naan Aanaiyittal

text:
Naan Aanaiyittal () is a 1966 Indian Tamil-language film directed by Tapi Chanakya and produced by R. M. Veerappan. The film stars M. G. Ramachandran and K. R. Vijaya. It was released on 4 February 1966.

Plot

Pandiyan, a member of a notorious robber gang, wishes to bring about a change in his gang and turn them towards a righteous path. Velaiya, a member of that gang, commits a murder and frames Pandiyan. To escape the law, Pandiyan disguises himself as a rich man's long-lost son and stays in his house, while Velaiya and the rich man's manager, Kumar, try to out him.

Cast
 M. G. Ramachandran as Pandiyan/Sundaram/Basha
 K. R. Vijaya as Mala
 B. Saroja Devi as Kannagi / Kaveri
 M. N. Nambiar as Velaiya
 R. S. Manohar as Kumar
 S. A. Ashokan as Chezhiyan
 Nagesh as Appu the Great
 Karikol Raju as Mala's relation
 C. R. Parthiban as IG
 O. A. K. Thevar as Muthuveeran
 Sedhupathy as Kanagarathnam

Production
Naan Aanaiyittal was directed by Tapi Chanakya and produced under Sathya Films by R. M. Veerappan, who also wrote the screenplay. The dialogue was written by Vidwan Lakshmanan and N. Pandurangan. Cinematography was handled by P. N. Sundaram, with editing by Jambulingam. The film's title was derived from a song from Enga Veettu Pillai (1965).

Soundtrack
The music was composed by M. S. Viswanathan.

Release and reception

Naan Aanaiyittal was released on 4 February 1966. It was initially scheduled to release on 14 January 1966, during Pongal, but was pushed back to allow the release of another Ramachandran film, Anbe Vaa. The Indian Express wrote that the film "has all the ingredients to make it appealing to the masses" and praised the performances of Ramachandran and Saroja Devi. T. M. Ramachandran of Sport and Pastime gave a positive review appreciating the film's message, also praising Vidwan Lakshman's dialogue as "sparkling" and M. S. Viswanathan's music as "pleasing," although still being critical of Chanakya's direction, saying it "could have been more inspiring".

References

External links

1960s Tamil-language films
1966 films
Films directed by Tapi Chanakya
Films scored by M. S. Viswanathan


title: 2007 in Ukraine

text:
Events in the year 2007 in Ukraine.

Incumbents
President: Viktor Yushchenko
Prime Minister: Viktor Yanukovych (until 18 December), Yulia Tymoshenko (starting 18 December)

Events

Births

Deaths
January 17 - Yevhen Kushnaryov, deputy of Verkhovna Rada, accidental shooting

References

2000s in Ukraine
Years of the 21st century in Ukraine
Ukraine
Ukraine


title: I Dare You

text:
I Dare You may refer to:

"I Dare You" (Kelly Clarkson song), 2020
"I Dare You" (Shinedown song), 2006
"I Dare You", a song by Bea Miller from her 2015 album Not an Apology
"I Dare You" (The xx song), a song by The xx from their 2017 album I See You
I Dare You (Canadian TV program), a 2006–2007 Canadian children's television program
I Dare You (Philippine TV series), a 2011–2013 Philippine reality variety television series
I Dare You: The Ultimate Challenge, a 2000 American television game show
"Mission to the Big Hot Thingy / I Dare You", an episode of The Angry Beavers
I Dare You!, a book by William H. Danforth

See also
 Dare (disambiguation)


title: Noxon House

text:
Noxon House is an historic Georgian residence in Poughquag in Dutchess County, New York. Built in 1770 by Benjamin Noxon (born 1745), it stands along the Old Upper Road.

Description
Noxon House has a brick exterior, hipped roof, square, symmetrical rectangular shape, paneled front door at center decorative windows and elements on either side over front door, five double hung sash windows across the second floor front and four on the first floor, four and four paired chimneys.  It preserves a typical Georgian floor plan inside, with four over four and a center staircase ascending, another staircase descending behind it to the lower level and what was the original kitchen for the house. That kitchen still retains a beehive bread oven, large fireplace and original fittings, panels and beamed ceiling. Throughout, the Noxon House preserves its original wide plank floors, original windows and glass panes, many original moldings and doors, eight fireplaces with original surrounds and mantels and original timbers and beams.

The house is mentioned in travel accounts from the early nineteenth century.
"The old Poughquag Tavern, (now the residence of Daniel Thomas, Esq.) though of not so ancient origin as those just mentioned, yet may well claim mention here. It was built about the year 1800, by Henry Brill. It was afterwards considerably remodeled, but the front appearance is much the same as it was originally. This was the "half-way house" for the line of stages, running between New Mildorf and Poughkeepsie, and was well patronized by travelers and drovers. Its upper room has often resounded to the tread of the "light fantastic toe," and the loungers of the bar-room as often regaled with travelers' stories, for which the hardy adventurous life of those early times afforded abundant material. The Noxon house, built about the same time, was erected by Benjamin Noxon; and a portion of the brick of which it is constructed was manufactured on the farm on which it stands. It is rapidly falling into decay, and will soon be numbered among the things that were.  The Beekman Cemetery is pleasantly located on the southern and western slope of a gentle eminence, north of the village of Poughquag. It is tastefully laid out, and decorated with evergreens, which mingling with the pure white marble of the numerous monuments and headstones, produce a pleasing effect.

References

Houses completed in 1770
1770 establishments in the Province of New York
Houses in New York (state)


title: Galleriini

text:
Galleriini is a tribe of moths of the subfamily Galleriinae.

Genera
In alphabetical order:
Achroia Hübner, [1819]
Cathayia Hampson, 1901
Chevalierella Ghesquière, 1943
Dinopleura Turner, 1942
Eloeidiphilos Praviel, 1938
Galleria Fabricius, 1798
Pseudarenipses Speidel & Schmitz, 1991
Trachylepidia Ragonot, 1887

References

 Clarke, J.F.G., 1986: Pyralidae and Microlepidoptera of the Marquesas Archipelago. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 416: 1-485.

External links

Moth tribes


title: Eragrostis australasica

text:
Eragrostis australasica, commonly known as swamp canegrass, is a tussock grass, in the subfamily Chloridoideae of the family Poaceae, that is endemic to Australia. It is a tufted perennial with strongly branched, cane-like culms, that grows up to 2.4 m in height. It is typically found on periodically flooded land in arid and semi-arid regions.

References

australasica
Poales of Australia
Flora of New South Wales
Flora of the Northern Territory
Flora of Queensland
Flora of South Australia
Flora of Victoria (state)
Flora of Western Australia
Plants described in 1854


title: Silent City (disambiguation)

text:
Silent City is the nickname for the Maltese city of Mdina.

Silent City may also refer to:

Silent City, a 2012 film by Threes Anna
Silent City (album), a 2008 album by Brooklyn Rider
 Silent City (Punjab), model graveyards in Pakistan
The Silent City, a 2007 EP by Hope Lies Within
Le Silence de la Cité (The Silent City), a 1981 novel by Élisabeth Vonarburg


title: List of string figures

text:
The following is a list of string figures, various figures which can be made using a loop of string, and which occur in games such as cat's cradle. Most of the titles are translations and/or descriptions.

Format
Explanation of the format of these listings:
"name 1" (location of name), [specific citation] "name 2" (location 2): opening position[, extension, notes] [general citation]
subsequent figures

List

See also
Notable string scholars

References
The list includes all figures from Elffers & Schuyt (1979), Gryski (1983) and (1985), ISFA (1999), and Jayne (1962).

External links
Webpages with lists of string figures:
"String Figure of the Month", ISFA.org.
"Index to the Collection", WWW Collection of Favorite String Figures.
"String Figures", Gadan.it.
"Index", String Figure Studio.
"Introduction", Dine String Games.
"Jayne's Finished-Pattern-Only Figures", Neil Parker's homepage.
The Survival, Origin and Mathematics of String Figures.
"Strings on Your Fingers", GardenDigest.com.
"Memoir No. 13: String-Figures From the Gilbert Islands", Journal of the Polynesian Society.

Gaming-related lists
List


title: Nari (Korean name)

text:
Nari, also spelled Naree, is a Korean feminine given name. The word itself is a native Korean word meaning "lily" and does not have corresponding hanja. However, since Korean given names can be created arbitrarily, it may also be a name with hanja (e.g. 娜悧).

People with this name include:
Naomi Nari Nam (born 1985), American figure skater of Korean descent
Na Ry (born 1985), South Korean beauty pageant winner
Naree Song (born 1986), South Korean golfer
Park Na-ri (born 1988), South Korean swimmer
Kim Na-ri (born 1990), South Korean tennis player
Jong Na-ri, North Korean swimmer, bronze medalist in synchronized swimming at the 2014 Asian Games

See also
List of Korean given names
Lily (name)

References

Korean feminine given names
Feminine given names


title: Canegrass

text:
Canegrass, cane-grass or cane grass is a common name which may refer to the following plants in the family Poaceae:

 Eragrostis australasica – Swamp Canegrass
 Eragrostis infecunda – Southern Canegrass
 Zygochloa paradoxa – Sandhill Canegrass


title: ManSpace (TV series)

text:
ManSpace is an Australian television series that airs on 9Go! and repeats after midnight on the Nine Network. It began airing on 26 May 2014. It is hosted by Dan Anstey with Shane Jacobson and Dale Vine.

The program endeavours to showcase the most impressive man caves and collectors from across Australia, and also addresses men's issues and special interests. Season 1 was filmed in front of a live studio audience, whereas season 2 was shot on location.

Other contributors include comedian Des Dowling, former AFL players Brett Stephens and Michael Gale, aka “Moose and Butch”, and former Sale of the Century model Murray Bingham.

Shane Jacobson was involved in life-threatening accident whilst filming a segment for the show in 2015, when his Polaris racing buggy flipped multiple times during a competition. Whilst the incident appeared serious he was uninjured.

The show is based on the Australian magazine of the same name (ManSpace Magazine), which is published by Connection Magazines.

References

External links

9Go! original programming
English-language television shows
Australian travel television series
Australian non-fiction television series
2014 Australian television series debuts


title: Muharasi

text:
Muharasi () is a 1966 Indian Tamil-language film, directed by M. A. Thirumugam. Based on G. Balasubramaniam's play Moondrezhuthil En Moochirukkum, itself inspired by the 1964 film The Pitiless Three, the film stars M. G. Ramachandran and Gemini Ganesan in their only film together. The film, produced by Sandow M. M. A. Chinnappa Thevar under his Thevar Films banner, was released on 18 February 1966 and ran for 100 days.

Plot

Because she refused to cooperate, Mangalam, a fair mother, pays with her life. She is cruelly stabbed by Duraiswamy, a notable, who put himself up to spirit away the colossal fortune of his deceased brother. He acts so meanly in front of little Somu, (Mangalam's elder son), the terrorised child who memorises the face of Duraiswamy.

15 years later, Somu is living only for one thing: to take revenge. He settled in his purpose of finding the murderer and killing him with his own hands. His young brother Ramu, a police officer of a formidable efficiency, big in integrity and whose reputation precedes him, is moved into the same direction as Duraiswamy!

Ramu is in love with Jaya, who turns out that to be one of the two girls of Duraiswamy, the criminal whom Somu has looks for desperately for years. Ramu tried vainly to tear away from his older brother Somu, the truth on the identity of the murderer of their mother. It is there that their opinion on justice diverges. Somu wants death, whereas Ramu demands a judgment (sentence) in front of a court for the murderer of their mother!

Cast

Lead actors
 M. G. Ramachandran as Assistant Commissioner of Police Ramu
 Gemini Ganesan as Somu

Male supporting actors
 M. N. Nambiar as Duraisamy
 S. A. Ashokan as Jambhu
 Nagesh as Police Constable 501
 V. K. Ramasamy as Senior Police Constable 777, Singaram
 Sriram as A good-for-nothing corrected by Ramu
 Sandow M. M. A. Chinnappa Thevar as Sangili

Lead actresses
 Jayalalitha as Jaya
 Jayanthi as Malliga

Supporting actresses
 Manorama as Alangaram (Thandhaiyar Paithai)
 P. K. Saraswathi as Meenatchi

Production
Muharasi, adapted from G. Balasubramaniam's play Moondrezhuthil En Moochirukkum, itself inspired by the 1964 film The Pitiless Three, was the only film where M. G. Ramachandran and Gemini Ganesan acted together. Though actors like S. A. Ashokan, K. Balaji or M. G. Chakrapani were considered, Ramachandran chose Ganesan. Filming was completed within 18 days.

Soundtrack
The music was composed by K. V. Mahadevan, with lyrics by Kannadasan.

Release and reception
Muharasi was released on 18 February 1966, and distributed by Emgeeyar Pictures. Writing for Sport and Pastime, T. M. Ramachandran gave a negative review citing "There is nothing much to write home about the direction by M. A. Thirumugam". He said M. G. Ramachandran gave a "consummate performance" while Ganesan was "almost an unsympathetic role [..] he tends to overdo" and Jayalalithaa "tries hard to make presence felt". Kalki said Nambiar's performance lacked newness, and none of the songs were memorable.

References

External links

1960s Tamil-language films
1966 films
Films directed by M. A. Thirumugam
Films scored by K. V. Mahadevan
Indian films based on plays


title: Kacheguda–Tirupati Double Decker Express

text:
The Kacheguda–Tirupati AC Double Decker Express was a Superfast Express connecting Hyderabad and Tirupati cities. It was one of the first AC Double Decker Express in the states of Telangana and Andhra Pradesh alongside Guntur–Kacheguda AC Double Decker Express. It had CZDAC coaches (AC chair-car) and VESDA (Very Early Smoke Detection with Alarm system), first of its kind, in a double-decker train.

References

Transport in Tirupati
Transport in Hyderabad, India
Double-decker trains of India
Rail transport in Andhra Pradesh
Rail transport in Telangana
Railway services introduced in 2014
Railway services discontinued in 2016
Defunct trains in India


title: Otonan

text:
Otonan is a ceremony (ceremonial birthday) carried out in Bali, Indonesia. Six months after a child is born, the ceremony is carried out according to the Wuku calendar of Bali, either during Sapta Wara, or Panca Wara. The purpose of this ceremony is to make up for the errors and evils of prior life to achieve a more perfect life.

References

Ceremonies in Indonesia


title: Heterorhabditis megidis

text:
Heterorhabditis megidis is a species of nematodes in the genus Heterorhabditis. All species of this genus are obligate parasites of insects, and some are used as biological control agents for the control of pest insects.

Heterorhabditis megidis nematodes are hosts for the Photorhabdus luminescens bacterial symbiont. It can be used to fight the Japanese beetle, Popillia japonica (Scarabaeidae: Coleoptera), in Ohio.

3,5-Dihydroxy-4-isopropyl-trans-stilbene is a bacterial stilbenoid produced by the P. luminescens bacterial symbiont species of the entomopathogenic nematode, H. megidis. Experiments with infected larvae of Galleria mellonella, the wax moth, support the hypothesis that the compound has antibiotic properties that help minimize competition from other microorganisms and prevents the putrefaction of the nematode-infected insect cadaver.

References

External links

Rhabditida
Nematodes described in 1987
Parasitic nematodes of animals
Biological control agents of pest insects
Taxa named by George Poinar Jr.


title: WNUX

text:
WNUX is a Catholic Religious formatted broadcast radio station licensed to Montgomery, West Virginia, serving the Beckley/Oak Hill area. WNUX is owned and operated by St. Paul Radio Co.

References

External links

2012 establishments in West Virginia
Catholic radio stations
Radio stations established in 2012
NUX


title: Chinchipe spinetail

text:
The Chinchipe spinetail (Synallaxis chinchipensis) is a species of bird in the family Furnariidae, the ovenbirds. It is endemic to Peru.

Taxonomy and systematics

Before early 2021, the Chinchipe spinetail was considered a subspecies of necklaced spinetail (Synallaxis stictothorax). Several publications beginning in 2010 described the morphological, vocal, and phylogenetic differences between them. Based on that evidence, the South American Classification Committee of the American Ornithological Society and the International Ornithological Congress elevated it to species rank in January 2021.

Description

Adult male and female Chinchipe spinetails are alike. The top of the head and the back are olive green, the rump is cinnamon brown, the lower flanks are grayish brown, and the tail is long and brown with reddish outer feathers. It has a pale supercilium ("eyebrow"), a white throat, and an upper breast spotted with brown. The juvenile plumage has not been described. It is a small bird, approximately  to  long.

Distribution and habitat

The Chinchipe spinetail is found only in northwestern Peru, in the drainages of Río Marañón and Río Chinchipe. It inhabits scrub and the edges of deciduous woods, mostly between  and  elevation.

Behavior and ecology

The Chinchipe spinetail's principal foods are arthropods and arthropod larvae. It usually feeds within  to  of the ground, gleaning from moss, leaves, and small branches in pairs or mixed-species flocks. The Chinchipe spinetail does not migrate. Its breeding phenology has not been described.

Status

Though the Chinchipe spinetail's population size has not been determined, it is believed to be stable. BirdLife International has rated the species as being of Least Concern. It appears to tolerate some habitat degradation.

References

Chinchipe spinetail
Birds of Peru
Chinchipe spinetail


title: Paul Judson

text:
Paul Judson (April 10, 1934 – June 4, 2023) was an American basketball player. He was selected as the twelfth pick in the 1956 NBA draft, but did not play in the National Basketball Association (NBA).

Basketball

In high school, he helped lead Alden-Hebron High School to the 1952 Illinois high school basketball state championship. Judson served as the team captain for the 1955–56 Illinois Fighting Illini men's basketball team and helped guide them to an 18–4 record. He was named an honorable mention All-American by the Associated Press in his final college season.

Personal life

His brother, Howie Judson, played for the Chicago White Sox from 1948 to 1952 and the Cincinnati Redlegs from 1953 to 1954.

Twin brother Phil Judson was also teammate on the same Fighting Illini basketball teams.

Uncle to former Northern Illinois University head coach, Rob Judson. Rob is the son of Phil.

Honors
 1955 – Team MVP
 1955 – 1st Team All-Big Ten
 1955 – Honorable Mention All American
 1955 – University of Illinois Athlete of the Year
 1956 – Team Captain
 1956 – Consensus 1st Team All-Big Ten
 1956 – 3rd Team All American
 1973 – Inducted into the Illinois Basketball Coaches Association's Hall of Fame as a player.

College statistics

University of Illinois

Notes

Further reading

1934 births
Living people
All-American college men's basketball players
Basketball players from Illinois
Illinois Fighting Illini men's basketball players
People from Hebron, Illinois
Sportspeople from McHenry County, Illinois
Syracuse Nationals draft picks
American men's basketball players
Guards (basketball)


title: List of Afghanistan national cricket captains

text:
This is a list of all cricketers who have captained Afghanistan in an official international match. This includes the ICC Trophy, Under-19 games and One Day International.

Men's cricket

Test captains
This is a list of cricketers who have captained the Afghanistan cricket team for at least one Test match.

A cricketer who has a symbol of next to a Test match series describes their role as captain and their participation in at least one game for the team.

One Day International captains

Afghanistan played their first ODI on April 19, 2009.The table of results is complete up to the third ODI against Sri Lanka in November 2022.

Twenty20 International captains

Afghanistan played their first T20I on February 1, 2010.The table of results is complete up to the third T20I against Pakistan in March 2023.

ICC Cricket World Cup Qualifier (ICC Trophy)

Afghanistan debuted in the ICC Cricket World Cup Qualifier in the 2009 tournament

References

External links

Afghanistan in international cricket
Afghanistan
Captains
Afghanistan


title: Seaside cinclodes

text:
There are two species of bird named seaside cinclodes.

Chilean seaside cinclodes, Cinclodes nigrofumosus
Peruvian seaside cinclodes, Cinclodes taczanowskii

Birds by common name


title: The Voice Kids (Australian TV series)

text:
The Voice Kids was an Australian television talent show that premiered on the Nine Network on 22 June 2014. It featured Delta Goodrem, Mel B and The Madden Brothers as the coaches.

Development

Auditions

The auditions were opened to anyone between the age of 8 and 14, as of 1 January 2014. Contestants were to submit an online application via The Voice official website, which ended on 24 September 2013. Selected applicants out of the 8,000 hopefuls who applied for the auditions were invited to the producers' auditions in various capital cities. Two of the audition cities were Perth, Western Australia, held on 18 October 2013; and Adelaide, South Australia.

The producers' auditions consisted of three stages. Firstly, the contestants were grouped and had to sing a song together. Selected contestants from the first stage then moved on to the second stage, where they had to sing for The Voice Kids head vocal coach, Lindsay Field. The last stage of the auditions required the contestants to sing for the show's executive producers.

For the online applicants who live more than 200 km away from their capital cities, they were not invited to the producers' auditions. Instead, the producers reviewed each of their online audition videos. At the end of the auditions, the producers narrowed down the artists to the 100 who progressed onto the Blinds to perform for the coaches.

Promotion
A special look at the series was premiered on 27 May 2014, featuring various artists from the Blinds covering an acoustic version of The Black Eyed Peas' "Let's Get It Started".

Format
The show is part of The Voice franchise and is structured as three phases: blind auditions, battle rounds and live performance shows. The winner receives a recording contract with Universal Music.

Blind auditions
Three coaches, all noteworthy recording artists, choose teams of contestants through a blind audition process. Each coach has the length of the audition, a live performance lasting about one minute, to decide if he or she wants that singer on his or her team. If two or more judges want the same singer, the singer has the final choice of coach.

Coaches and hosts

On 26 November 2013, it was announced that Delta Goodrem and Joel Madden, who were the coaches from the adult version of the show, had signed on as the first two coaches. Goodrem announced her departure from the adult version of the show to focus on her music career, but decided to join The Voice Kids as it "allows her the time to continue working on the show, and to focus on new music". In her announcement, she also revealed that Joel would be joining her in the show. On 1 February 2014, Nine Network revealed that former Spice Girls member Mel B and Good Charlotte's Benji Madden were the final two coaches for the series. Benji would team up with his brother Joel on the show.

Darren McMullen, who is also the host for the adult version, was announced as the show's first host. The Voice season 1 quarter-finalist Prinnie Stevens was announced as the show's backstage correspondent during the Blinds.

Series overview

Teams
Colour key

  Winner
  Runner-up
  Eliminated in the Grand Finale
  Eliminated in the Sing-offs
  Eliminated in the Battles

Blind auditions
The first episode of the Blinds premiered on 22 June 2014. Each coach had the length of the auditioner's performance to decide if they want that artist to be on their team; if more than one coach wants the same artist, then the artist gets to choose their coach.

Episode 1 (22 June)
The premiere episode aired for one hour and a half and was viewed by 1.652 million people.

Episode 2 (29 June)
The second episode was aired for one hour and a half and was viewed by 1.665 million people.

Episode 3 (6 July)
The third episode was aired for one hour and a half and was viewed by 1.255 million people.

Episode 4 (13 July)
The fourth episode was aired for one hour and a half and was viewed by 1.150 million people.

Episode 5 (20 July)
The fifth episode was aired for one hour and a half and was viewed by 1.227 million people.

Battles
The battles began on 23 July and comprise episodes 6, 7, and 8. After the Blinds, each coach had 15 artists for the battles. Each battle consisted of three artists within each team and concluded with the respective coach eliminating two of the three artists. The five winners for each coach advanced to the Sing-offs.

Episode 6 (23 July)
The sixth episode was aired for one hour and a half.

Episode 7 (27 July)
The seventh episode was aired for one hour and a half.

Episode 8 (3 August)
The eighth episode was aired for one hour and a half. It featured the last three battles, followed by the premiere of the Sing-offs.

Sing-offs
The Sing-offs began after the battles. The top fifteen artists perform for the coaches, with each coach eliminating three artists from their teams. The remaining top six artists advance to the Grand Finale.

Episode 8 (3 August)
The eighth episode was aired for one hour and a half. It featured the last three rounds of the Battles, followed by the premiere of the Sing-offs. In this phase, all artists reprised their performance from the Blinds.

Grand Finale
The Grand finale is the final phase of the competition and was aired on 10 August. Unlike the adult version of the show, the Grand Finale was taped on 14 June 2014, with the final three's separate winning moments being pre-recorded. The public votes decided which of the three winning moments would go on air at the end of the show, crowning the respective artist as The Voice Kids.

Episode 9 (10 August)

Round 1
In this phase, each finalist took the stage and performed a solo song. The coaches then eliminated one artist from their respective teams, forming the final three artists who advanced to the next round.

Round 2
The final round of the competition featured the top three finalists singing their potential winner's single. For the first time in the series, an interactive viewer component was featured. Before the start of the performances, voting lines were opened live-in-show for the television audience to vote for the final three and decide the winner. The 15-minute voting window was opened between 8:25 p.m. and 8:40 p.m. The winner of The Voice Kids was announced at the end of the show.

Results summary

Colour key

  Artist from Team Mel B
  Artist from Team Madden
  Artist from Team Delta
  Winner
  Runner-up
  Artist was saved by coach
  Artist was eliminated

Overall

Per team

Performances by guests/coaches

Artists' appearances on earlier talent shows
 Harmony and Imogen competed in the Network Ten reality television show Young Talent Time in 2012. Imogen was eliminated in the semifinals; while Harmony was a wildcard contender for the grand-final, but failed to progress.
 Shuan and Ky appeared on the fourth and fifth season of Australia's Got Talent respectively, making it to the semifinals.

Music releases by The Voice Kids artists
A compilation album titled The Voice Kids 2014 was released on 10 August 2014. Though planned to be released on 11 August 2014, the album was released digitally through iTunes a few hours before the Grand Finale on 10 August 2014. The album features 12 cover songs from the top six finalists.

Track listing

Release history

Concert tour by The Voice Kids artists

The Voice Kids: The Concert is a concert tour in Australia that features the artists of the first season of The Voice Kids, with the winner of the second season of The Voice Harrison Craig appearing as a special guest. The 6-date tour began on 26 September 2014 in Penrith, New South Wales and ended on 3 October 2014 in Melbourne, Victoria. The tour took place during the September school holidays in Australia and each concert lasted for two hours.

Performers

Setlist
All – "Let's Get It Started"
Harrison Craig – "Unchained Melody"
Craig – "You Raise Me Up"
Craig – "It Had Better Be Tonight"
Alexa Curtis – "Girl on Fire"
Curtis – "Colors of the Wind"
Curtis – "Playground"
Bella Yoseski – "The Voice Within"
Yoseski – "Mamma Knows Best"
Maddison Brooke – "Fighter"
Brooke – "Unconditionally"
Chris Lanzon – "The A Team"
Lanzon – "Wake Me Up"
Grace Laing – "Almost Is Never Enough"
Laing – "Burn"
Ruhi Lavaki – "Dynamite"
Lavaki – "If I Ain't Got You"
Robbie Anderson – "Hey, Soul Sister"
Anderson – "Yeah 3x"
Ethan Karpathy – "Kiss You"
Karpathy – "Give Me Love"
All – "Happy"

Additional notes
 Ruhi Lavaki only appeared at the show in Sydney, New South Wales on 28 September 2014.
 Grace Laing only appeared at the final two shows in Melbourne, Victoria on 2 and 3 October 2014.

Tour dates

Ratings

References

External links

See also

 List of Australian music television shows
 List of Australian television series
 List of programs broadcast by Nine Network

2014 Australian television series debuts
2014 Australian television series endings
Australian music television series
English-language television shows
Music competitions in Australia
Nine Network original programming
Television series about children
Television series about teenagers


title: Sacred Heart Convent, Galle

text:
Sacred Heart Convent is a girls' school in Galle, Sri Lanka. The school was established in 1896 by the Sisters of Charity in Belgium due to a perceived need to provide a European education for young girls in Galle. Today, the Sacred Heart Convent has over 2,200 students and 83 teachers. The present principal of the school is Sandya Rani Fernando.

References

Girls' schools in Sri Lanka
Educational institutions established in 1896
Schools in Galle
1896 establishments in Ceylon


title: Buerenia

text:
Buerenia is a genus of fungi in the family Protomycetaceae. It was described in 1975. Species of Buerenia are parasitic on Apiaceae plants, on which they cause swellings and blisters on leaves and stems.

References

External links

Taphrinomycetes


title: Tynes Hildebrand

text:
Tynes Hildebrand is a former American basketball coach and athletic director. Hildebrand was the head basketball coach at Northwestern State University from 1965 to 1980, compiling an overall record of 187–203. He later served as athletic director for Northwestern State from 1983 to 1996. Hildebrand was elected to the Louisiana Sports Hall of Fame in 2014.

Head coaching record

References

Living people
Basketball coaches from Louisiana
College men's track and field athletes in the United States

High school basketball coaches in the United States
Basketball players from Louisiana
Northwestern State Demons basketball coaches
Northwestern State Demons basketball players
Northwestern State Demons and Lady Demons athletic directors
Year of birth uncertain
American men's basketball players
Year of birth missing (living people)


title: Chretien Point Plantation

text:
Chretien Point Plantation is a pre-Civil War twelve room red brick mansion, located on twenty acres on the banks of Bayou Bourbeaux, two miles southwest of Sunset, Louisiana in St. Landry Parish. A Civil War battle was fought on the plantation grounds and Jean Lafitte was a tenant. The mansion was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1977.

Early history
The Spanish government made a land grant to Louis St. Germain in 1776. Joseph Chretien bought the property in 1781 and his grandson, Hipolyte Chretien II, inherited the land from his father. The plantation was a 3000-acre cotton farm worked by the forced labor of over 500 enslaved people. Hippolyte Chretien started construction on the mansion in 1831, and the two story big house was completed in 1835, when Chretien moved in with his wife Felicité. During the Civil War, Hypolite, in bed with fever, was alerted that the Union soldiers were coming to burn down the plantation. Several of his neighbors were already decimated.  He had the servants help him to the balcony and waved a white flag to parlay with the Union Commander. It turns out that both Hypolite and the Union Commander were Masons. Because of this, the plantation home was spared and only the slave quarters and outbuildings were burned. At one point Jean Lafitte resided on the plantation.   Hypolite II died of yellow fever in 1839 and his wife took over the plantation increasing the land holdings to a reported 10,000 acres. Felicité used to host poker games with Jean Lafitte and he taught her how to smoke cigars. There is a story of Felicité hearing a break-in occur one night after she had retired. She armed herself and stood on the stairway. As she saw movement, she fired, and shot the intruder in the head, almost decapitating him.

Civil War
There were two battles fought near and around the plantation.

Battle of Buzzard's Prairie
The plantation grounds was the site of the Battle of Buzzard's Prairie, October 15, 1863. A part of General Nathaniel P. Banks' Army of the Gulf, led by Maj. General William B. Franklin, was on an expedition across Louisiana as part of the invasion of Texas that included Brig. Gen. Stephen Burbridge's 4th Division, 13th Corps, Brig. General Godfrey Weitzel's 1st Division, 19th Corps, and  Brig. General Cuvier Grover's 3rd Division, 19th Corps.

The Confederate force was led by Brig. General Thomas Green's Cavalry Division that included the 1st Cavalry Brigade of Col. Arthur P. Bagby, the 4th  (Col. William Polk "Gotch" Hardeman), 5th and 7th Texas Cavalry regiments; the 2nd Cavalry Regiment (Arizona brigade); the 13th Texas "Horse" Battalion; the 2nd Louisiana Cavalry and the Valverde Battery. Also in the division was the 2nd Cavalry Brigade of Col. John P. Major, made up of the  1st Regiment (Lane's) Partisan Rangers; 3rd Regiment (Arizona brigade) Partisan Rangers; 6th Regiment (Stone's) Partisan Rangers; and Captain Oliver Semmes' 1st Confederate Battery.

The battle was fought in the fields in front of the mansion. After an initial advance by the Union side the 4th, 5th, and 7th Texas Cavalry attacked the right side. Weitzel's line collapsed but was reinforced by Lt. William Marland and the Confederates were pushed back and driven off.

Battle of Bayou Bourbeux
The Battle of Bayou Bourbeux was fought on November 3–4, 1863. Also known as  Battle of Grand Coteau or Battle of Carrion Crow Bayou.

The plantation was purchased by Kristine Nations, incorporated as Chretien Point Plantation, LLC, and operated as a bed and breakfast and wedding site.

See also
 List of plantations in Louisiana
 National Register of Historic Places listings in St. Landry Parish, Louisiana

References

Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Louisiana
Gothic Revival architecture in Louisiana
Houses completed in 1835
Houses in St. Landry Parish, Louisiana
National Register of Historic Places in St. Landry Parish, Louisiana


title: Dayal Public School

text:
Dayal Public School is a CBSE affiliated school in  Nawada in India.

Founded by Sri Tulsi Dayal in 2008,the school is run under the Dost . MP Sinha is the principal and Smt. Shilpee Sinha is the secretary of school

References

 https://www.jagran.com/bihar/nawada-science-exibition-in-nawada-13128676.html
 https://www.jagran.com/bihar/nawada-cbse-result-14089124.html
 https://www.jagran.com/bihar/nawada-9513346.html

Schools in Bihar
Nawada district
2008 establishments in Bihar
Educational institutions established in 2008


title: Results of the 1965 New South Wales state election

text:
This is a list of electoral district results for the 1965 New South Wales state election.

Results by electoral district

Albury

Armidale

Ashfield−Croydon

Auburn

Balmain

Bankstown

Barwon

Bass Hill

Bathurst

Blacktown

Bligh

Bondi

Bulli

Burrinjuck

Burwood

 Ben Doig was the sitting Liberal member for Burwood, however he lost pre-selection which he blamed on his support for state aid to church schools.

Byron

Canterbury

Casino

Castlereagh

Cessnock

Clarence

Cobar

Collaroy

Concord

Coogee

Cook's River

Cronulla

Drummoyne

Dubbo

Dulwich Hill

Earlwood

East Hills

Eastwood

Fairfield

Georges River

Gloucester

Gordon

Gosford

Goulburn

Granville

Hamilton

Hartley

Hawkesbury

Hornsby

Hurstville

Illawarra

Kahibah

King

Kirribilli

Kogarah

Kurri Kurri

Lake Macquarie

Lakemba

Lane Cove

Lismore

Liverpool

Maitland

Manly

Maroubra

Marrickville

Monaro

The sitting member John Seiffert Sr () died in January 1965.

Mosman

Mudgee

Murray

Murrumbidgee

Nepean

Newcastle

Orange

Oxley

Parramatta

Phillip

Raleigh

Randwick

Redfern

Rockdale

Ryde

South Coast

Sturt

Sutherland

Tamworth

Temora

Tenterfield

The Hills

Upper Hunter

Vaucluse

Wagga Wagga

Wakehurst

Waratah

Edward Greaves () died and Frank Purdue () won the resulting by-election. Sam Jones regained the seat for .

Wentworthville

Willoughby

Wollondilly

Wollongong−Kembla

Wyong

Young

See also
 Candidates of the 1965 New South Wales state election
 Members of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly, 1965–1968

Notes

References

1965


title: Minnesota State Highway 10

text:
Minnesota State Highway 10 may refer to:
U.S. Route 10 in Minnesota
Minnesota State Highway 10 (1920-1933)


title: Minnesota State Highway 12

text:
Minnesota State Highway 12 may refer to:
U.S. Route 12 in Minnesota
Minnesota State Highway 12 (1920), a trunk highway in Minnesota


title: Minnesota State Highway 75

text:
Minnesota State Highway 75 may refer to:
U.S. Route 75 in Minnesota
Minnesota State Highway 75 (1920-1933), a numbered highway in Minnesota


title: Petru Poni

text:
Petru Poni (4 January 1841 – 2 April 1925) was a Moldavian (later Romanian) chemist and mineralogist.

Born into a family of răzeși (free peasants) in Săcărești, Iași County, he attended primary school in Târgu Frumos. In 1852, he enrolled in Academia Mihăileană; among his teachers were August Treboniu Laurian and Simion Bărnuțiu. He entered the University of Paris in 1865, studying chemistry there. He returned home following graduation, teaching physics and chemistry at Iași's National College and at the military high school. In 1878, he became a professor at the University of Iași, at first teaching at the medicine and science faculties, later only in the mineral chemistry department of the latter. He served as Religious Affairs and Education Minister three times: in 1891, 1895-1896 and in 1918. A bitter rival of his was the Conservative Titu Maiorescu, and he was obliged to leave the Liberal cabinet in 1896 after a dispute related to the Romanian Orthodox Church. When not in government, he continued to work in his chemistry laboratory in Iași.

A titular member of the Romanian Academy from 1879, he was also the Academy's president between 1898 and 1901, and again between 1916 and 1920. His wife was the poet Matilda Cugler-Poni.

Poni served as Mayor of Iași, first in 1907 and then in 1922. He died in Iași in 1925, and is buried at the city's Eternitatea Cemetery.

Notes

External links

1841 births
1925 deaths
People from Iași County
University of Paris alumni
Academic staff of Alexandru Ioan Cuza University
Presidents of the Romanian Academy
Mineralogists
Romanian geologists
Romanian chemists
Romanian schoolteachers
Romanian Ministers of Culture
Romanian Ministers of Education
Burials at Eternitatea cemetery
Mayors of Iași


title: Eragrostis infecunda

text:
Eragrostis infecunda , commonly known as southern canegrass, is a species of grass, in the subfamily Chloridoideae of the family Poaceae, that is endemic to Australia. It has erect, wiry culms growing to 70 cm in height It is typically found on cracking clay or alluvial sandy loam soils, on floodplains, watercourses and depressions subject to periodic inundation, as well as the margins of marshes and on levees.

References

infecunda
Poales of Australia
Flora of the Northern Territory
Flora of South Australia
Flora of Victoria (state)
Plants described in 1931
Taxa named by John McConnell Black


title: Alfred Jaretzki III

text:
Alfred Jaretzki III (August 11, 1919 – May 29, 2014) was an American surgeon and medical professor. Early in his career, he co-authored a seminal journal article on developing synthetic vascular glands, which informed the growth of practices in aortic aneurysm surgery. Jaretzki served as a professor of clinical surgery at the Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, a lecturer at the Columbia Presbyterian Hospital, and led the task force of the Medical Scientific Advisory Board of the Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America.

Early life and education
Jaretzki was born on August 11, 1919, in Greenwich, Connecticut, to Alfred Jaretzki, Jr. (1892-1976) and Edna Astruck. He graduated from the Morristown School (now Morristown-Beard School) in Morristown, New Jersey, in 1937. Jaretzki then earned his bachelor's degree at Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts, in 1941. During his undergraduate studies at Harvard, Jaretzki played on the junior varsity football team, and he served as treasurer of The Harvard Lampoon, a humor magazine.

Jaretzki completed his medical degree at Harvard Medical School in 1944 and his internship at Columbia-Presbyterian Hospital. In 2002, the Society of the Alumni of the Presbyterian Hospital awarded Jaretzki their Distinguished Alumni Award during a ceremony at Low Memorial Library at Columbia University.

Career
At the beginning of his career, he co-authored a seminal journal article on developing synthetic vascular glands, which informed the growth of practices in aortic aneurism surgery. Later in his career, Jaretzki served as president of the New York Thoracic Society. He also led the seven-member Task Force of the Medical Scientific Advisory Board of the Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America. The task force developed the 2000 report Myasthenia Gravis: Recommendations for Clinical Research Standards.

Jaretzki served as a professor of clinical surgery at the Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, and as a lecturer at the Columbia Presbyterian Hospital.

Cooperstown Planning Commission
During the 1960s, Jaretzki worked as a physician at the Mary Imogene Bassett Hospital in Cooperstown, New York, the home of the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum. While living in the Cooperstown area, Jaretzki served as a founding member of the Cooperstown Planning Commission. The Commission developed the 1962 Cooperstown Area Plan for Cooperstown, New York, and its immediate vicinity.

Personal life
Jaretzki married Sonia Lasell in 1945. They divorced in the early 1960s.  He was married to Alexandra Moltke Isles (born 1947) who had previously been married to Philip Henry Isles II of the Lehman banking family. His children were:
Alfred Jaretzki IV
Lasell Bartlett Jaretzki
Alexander Jaretzki
Sumner Jaretzki
Jaretzki died on May 29, 2014.

References

American surgeons
Columbia Medical School faculty
Harvard Medical School alumni
The Harvard Lampoon alumni
1919 births
2014 deaths
American male sailors (sport)
Star class sailors
Morristown-Beard School alumni


title: Erich Leibenguth

text:
Erich Leibenguth (31 March 1917 – 2 June 2005) was a German former footballer who played internationally for Saarland as a striker. Having played only five matches, he was Saarland's third topscorer with five goals.

Honours
Allenstein
Gauliga Ostpreußen (1): 1939

Neunkirchen
Ehrenliga Saarland (1): 1949

References

1917 births
2005 deaths
Saar men's footballers
Men's association football forwards
Saarland men's international footballers
Borussia Neunkirchen players
Sportspeople from Neunkirchen, Saarland
Footballers from Saarland


title: Drenovë

text:
Drenovë (; Bulgarian and ) is a village in the former Drenovë Municipality of the Korçë County in southeastern Albania. After the 2015 local government reform it became part of the municipality Korçë.

History
According to the French cartographer Alexandre Synvet, the village had 660 Greek Orthodox inhabitants in 1878. Later in 1903, Heinrich Gelzer, following a visit to both Drenkowa and neighbouring Boboshticë, described the local population as a Bulgarian island in Albanian sea, remained from the new nomad migration of Slavic population after Albanian mass emigration from 14th and 15th centuries.

Georgi Traychev wrote in 1911 that the village consisted of 140 households and 678 Bulgarian inhabitants.

Demographics
According to German linguist Gustav Weigand during the first decades of the 20th century Bulgarian populated villages Drenowo and Boboshtitsa were a Slavic linguistic island in Albania. According to some ethnic Macedonian linguists Drenovë and Boboshticë were the only villages in which the Korča dialect of Macedonian was still spoken (as of 1991). The dialect is classified as part of Bulgarian dialects by other authors. Some Bulgarian linguists emphasize that the reflexes of yat in this western Bulgarian dialect is wide, like it is in Eastern Bulgarian dialects. A visit to the village in 2005 by linguists from Sofia University found just two elderly Bulgarian speakers remaining.

During the late 2000s linguists Klaus Steinke and Xhelal Ylli seeking to corroborate villages cited in past literature as being Slavic speaking carried out fieldwork. Drenovë was noted as having a mixed population of Orthodox Albanians and Aromanians with the last elderly speaker of the local Slavic dialect passing away in the 2000s. Local Drenovë villagers stated that until the early 1960s, the village only spoke Bulgarian (Bullgarçe) until the arrival of Aromanian settlers to the settlement which resulted in ethnic and linguistic change. Remaining Slavic speaking inhabitants assimilated while others moved away from the village. Some families from the Orthodox village of Cerja in Pustec Municipality, speaking their local Slavic dialect have settled in Drenovë.

People from Drenovë
 Aleksandër Stavre Drenova, poet and author of the national hymn of Albania

References

Populated places in Korçë
Villages in Korçë County
Aromanian settlements in Albania


title: Thanippiravi

text:
Thanippiravi () is a 1966 Indian Tamil-language film, directed by M. A. Thirumugam. It stars M. G. Ramachandran and Jayalalithaa. The film, produced by Sandow M. M. A. Chinnappa Thevar, was released on 16 September 1966, and was not commercially successful, having run for ten weeks in theatres.

Plot

Cast

 M. G. Ramachandran as Muthaiya
 M. N. Nambiar as Sub-inspector Soundharam
 S. A. Ashokan as Rathnapuram
 C. L. Anandan as Ravi
 Nagesh as Chowry
 V. K. Ramasamy as Doreracy
 Athithyan as Singaram
 Tiruchi Selandhar Rajan as Madhasamy
 Sandow M. M. A. Chinnappa Thevar as the boss
 Jayalalithaa as Radha
 Revathi as Sivagami
 Manorama as Gowry
 P. K. Saraswathi as Meenatchi

Production
In the film, Ramachandran's character initially sports a beard and beret, taking inspiration from the Argentine revolutionary Che Guevara.

Soundtrack
The music was composed by K. V. Mahadevan, with lyrics by Kannadasan. The song "Uzhaikkum Kaigale" conveys Ramachandran's leftist beliefs, and highlights "the role of the worker in building society".

Release and reception
Thanippiravi was released on 16 September 1966 in most centres, and on 18 September in Madras (now Chennai). Kalki said the film stood out compared to other Tamil films with regards to action and romance sequences. The film was not commercially successful, having run for ten weeks in theatres. Since Ramachandran and Jayalalithaa appeared as the gods Murugan and Valli in a dream sequence, many of the actors' fans worshipped pictures of the actors in their goddess avatars as if worshipping the actual gods.

References

External links

1960s Tamil-language films
1966 films
Films directed by M. A. Thirumugam
Films scored by K. V. Mahadevan