title: Pac-12 Conference baseball awards

text:
At the end of each regular season, the Pac-12 Conference names major award winners in baseball. Currently, it names a Coach, Pitcher, Player, and Newcomer of the Year. The Coach and Player awards date to 1978. From 1978 to 1998, separate awards in both three categories were given in the North and South Divisions. The Pitcher and Newcomer awards were added later.

Through the end of the 2014 season, Arizona State has won 31 major awards, the most of any program. Three other schools have won at least twenty: Oregon State (25), Stanford (22), and USC (20).

Coach of the Year

The Coach of the Year award is given annually to the Pac-12's best head coach, as chosen by a vote of the conference's coaches. It was first presented in 1978.  From 1978 and 1998, a Coach of the Year was named in both the North and South Divisions.  Since the divisions merged 1999, a single Coach of the Year has been named.

Pitcher of the Year

The Pitcher of the Year award is given annually to the Pac-12's best pitcher, as chosen by a vote of the conference's coaches. From 1991 to 1998, the South Division presented this award while the North did not.

Player of the Year

The Player of the Year award is given annually to the Pac-12's best position player, as chosen by a vote of the conference's coaches. It was first presented in 1978. From 1978 and 1998, a Player of the Year was named in both the North and South Divisions.  Since the divisions merged 1999, a single Player of the Year has been named.  Both pitchers and position players were eligible for this award through 1990 (in the South) and 1998 (in the North).

Newcomer of the Year

The Newcomer of the Year award is given annually to an outstanding freshman or transfer, as chosen by a vote of the conference's coaches. It was first presented in 2000, then took a year off, but has been presented regularly since 2002. Both pitchers and position players are eligible.

References

Pac-12 Conference baseball
College baseball conference trophies and awards in the United States


title: Athletics at the 2014 Commonwealth Games – Women's long jump (F37/38)

text:
The Women's long jump (T37/38) at the 2014 Commonwealth Games as part of the athletics programme was held at Hampden Park on 27 July 2014.

The T37/38 long jump was open to athletes with cerebral palsy under the T37 and T38 classifications. As T37 competitors are deemed to have a greater lack of mobility than T38 athletes a points system is used to bring a form of parity to the results. Therefore, T38 athletes may clear a greater distance but could be ranked lower in the final table than a T37 athlete.

Results

References

Women's long jump (T37 38)
2014
2014 in women's athletics


title: James Caine (disambiguation)

text:
James Caine (1908–1971) was an English professional footballer.

James Caine may also refer to:

Jim Caine (jazz pianist) (1926–2018), Manx jazz pianist, radio presenter and raconteur
James Caine, candidate in South Tyneside Council election, 2004

See also
James Cain (disambiguation)
James Caan (disambiguation)
James Cane (disambiguation)
Jim Kane (disambiguation)
James Cayne businessman


title: Play Safe (1927 film)

text:
Play Safe is a 1927 American silent comedy film directed by Joseph Henabery and starring Monty Banks. An abridged two-reel version was shown in the United States as Chasing Choo Choos.

Plot
A gang of bad guys menace a man's girlfriend. She hides in a freight car and a misstep sends the otherwise-empty train out of the station with the lever pushed to full speed. As the train gains speed, the captive's boyfriend must transfer to the runaway train from a car racing alongside, repel the pursuing gang, get his girl out of the boxcar, and somehow get the two of them to safety. An oncoming locomotive, a water tower, a steep grade, a frayed rope and a broken plank between cars complicate the hero's task.

Cast
Monty Banks as Monty
Virginia Lee Corbin as Virginia Craig
Charles Hill Mailes as Silas Scott
Charles K. Gerrard as Scott's son
Bud Jamison as Big Bill
Max Asher
Fatty Alexander
Rosa Gore
Syd Crossley

Preservation status
Prints in 35mm and 16mm exist.

References

External links

Play Safe at SilentEra
Lobby poster

1927 films
American silent feature films
1927 comedy films
Silent American comedy films
Films directed by Joseph Henabery
American black-and-white films
Pathé Exchange films
1920s American films


title: Vendetta (2015 film)

text:
Vendetta is a 2015 American vigilante action film directed by the Soska sisters starring Dean Cain, Paul Wight (the Big Show), and Michael Eklund. It is the first film in the "Action Six-Pack" series. The film was released in a limited release and through video on demand on June 12, 2015.

Plot

When his pregnant wife is violently killed by a criminal whom he put away, Mason, a hard-nosed detective, deliberately gets arrested to get revenge. While inside, Mason discovers a new criminal enterprise that those behind it would kill to protect.

Cast
Dean Cain as Mason Danvers
Michael Eklund as Warden Snyder
Kyra Zagorsky as Jocelyn Danvers
Ben Hollingsworth as Joel Gainer
Paul Wight as Victor Abbot
Aleks Paunovic as Griffin
Adrian Holmes as Drexel
Jonathan Walker as Lester
Juan Riedinger as Booker
Uros Certic as Marco
Matthew MacCaull as Ben
Paul Anthony as Daddy Mak

Production
Vendetta was filmed in Coquitlam, British Columbia, Canada.

Vendetta was part of a six-film deal WWE Studios made with Lionsgate that will be releasing WWE's Action Six-Pack, a series of unconnected action films.

Release
Vendetta received a limited theatrical release. It was released to theaters and video on demand on June 12, 2015.

Reception
The Hollywood Reporter described the film as "the sort of B-movie violent actioner that makes you feel your testosterone level rising as you watch it", while the "screenplay offers no surprises, mainly serving as a springboard for the endless series of fight scenes in which Cain demonstrates that he's become a serious movie badass." The Soska sisters "prove themselves quite proficient at staging the brutal skirmishes which inevitably lead to a climatic prison riot."

References

External links

2015 films
2010s English-language films
WWE Studios films
Films directed by the Soska sisters
Films scored by the Newton Brothers
American action films
Lionsgate films
2010s American films


title: Chad Valley

text:
Chad Valley may refer to:

 Chad Valley (toy brand), a brand of toys in the United Kingdom
 Chad Valley, Birmingham, an area of Birmingham, UK
 Chad Valley (musician), a recording artist from the UK


title: Neocogniauxia hexaptera

text:
Neocogniauxia hexaptera is a species of orchid in the subfamily Epidendroideae. It is endemic to Hispaniola. The flowers are bright orange and about 2 inches wide. It grows in shady conditions from 3,300 to 4,300 ft in elevation.

References

Pleurothallidinae
Plants described in 1913
Taxa named by Alfred Cogniaux


title: Leipzig-Dresden Railway

text:
Leipzig-Dresden Railway may refer to:

 Leipzig–Dresden Railway Company, a former railway company in Saxony, Germany
 Leipzig–Dresden railway, the first long-distance railway line in Germany, which was built by the Leipzig–Dresden Railway Company


title: Southeastern Conference baseball awards

text:
At the end of each regular season, the Southeastern Conference names major award winners in baseball. Currently, it names a Coach, Pitcher, Player, and Freshman of the Year. The Coach of the Year award, which dates to 1933, is the oldest. The other three awards were added in the 1990s and early 2000s.

Through the end of the 2014 season, LSU has won 26 major awards, the most of any program. Five other schools have won at least ten: Florida (17), Alabama (16), Ole Miss (11), Vanderbilt (11), and Mississippi State.

Coach of the Year

The Coach of the Year award is given annually to the SEC's best head coach, as chosen by a vote of the conference's coaches. It was first presented in 1933. With the exceptions of 1944 and 1945, it has been presented in each season since then.

Pitcher of the Year

The Pitcher of the Year award is given annually to the SEC's best pitcher, as chosen by a vote of the conference's coaches. It was first presented in 2003.

Player of the Year

The Player of the Year award is given annually to the SEC's best position player, as chosen by a vote of the conference's coaches. It was first presented in 1993. From 1993 to 2002, both pitchers and position players were eligible for it.

Freshman of the Year

The Freshman of the Year award is given annually to the SEC's best freshman, as chosen by a vote of the conference's coaches. It was first presented in 2000. Both pitchers and position players are eligible.

Scholar-Athlete of the Year
The Scholar-Athlete of the Year award is given annually starting in 2000.

See also
Baseball awards#U.S. college baseball

References

^
College baseball conference trophies and awards in the United States


title: List of Oricon number-one singles of 1976

text:
The highest-selling singles in Japan are ranked in the Oricon Singles Chart, which is published by Oricon Style magazine. The data are compiled by Oricon based on each singles' physical sales. This list includes the singles that reached the number one place on that chart in 1976.

Oricon Weekly Singles Chart

References

1976 in Japanese music
Japan Oricon
Oricon 1976


title: Naomi Osaka

text:
is a Japanese professional tennis player. She has been ranked world No. 1 in singles by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) and is the first Asian player to hold the top ranking in singles. Osaka is a four-time Grand Slam singles champion, with two Australian Open and two US Open titles. Her seven titles on the WTA Tour also include two at the Premier Mandatory level. At the 2018 US Open and the 2019 Australian Open, Osaka won her first two major titles in back-to-back tournaments. She was the first woman to win successive major singles titles since Serena Williams in 2015, and the first to win her first two in successive majors since Jennifer Capriati in 2001.

Born in Japan to a Haitian-American father and a Japanese mother, Osaka has lived and trained in the United States since age three. She came to prominence at age 16 when she defeated former US Open champion Samantha Stosur in her WTA Tour debut at the 2014 Stanford Classic. Two years later, she reached her first WTA final at the 2016 Pan Pacific Open in Tokyo to enter the top 50 of the WTA rankings. Osaka made her breakthrough into the upper echelon of women's tennis in 2018 when she won her first WTA title at the Indian Wells Open. Later in the year, she defeated 23-time Grand Slam singles champion Serena Williams in the final of the US Open to become the first Japanese player to win a major singles title. In mid-2021, suffering from depression and other issues, Osaka retired from the French Open, dropped out of Wimbledon, and lost early at the US Open. She closed down the rest of her tennis season to focus on family and health. From 2018 to 2021, Osaka won a major singles title in four consecutive years, with her streak ending in 2022.

Osaka is one of the world's most marketable athletes, having been ranked eighth among all athletes in endorsement income in 2020. She was also the highest-earning female athlete of all time by annual income that year. Osaka has gained significant recognition as an activist, having showcased support for the Black Lives Matter movement in conjunction with her matches. She was named one of the 2020 Sports Illustrated Sportspersons of the Year for her activism largely as part of her US Open championship run, and was also included on Times annual list of the 100 most influential people in the world in 2019, 2020 and 2021. Moreover, she was the 2021 Laureus World Sportswoman of the Year. At the 2020 Tokyo Olympics, she became the first tennis player to light the Olympic cauldron during the opening ceremony. On the court, Osaka has an aggressive playing style with a powerful serve that can reach .

Early life and background
Naomi Osaka was born on October 16, 1997, in Chūō-ku, Osaka in Japan to  and Leonard François. Her mother is from Nemuro, Hokkaido, Japan, and her father is from Jacmel, Haiti. She has an older sister, Mari, who is a former professional tennis player. The sisters were given their mother's family name for practical reasons when the family lived in Japan. Osaka's parents met when her father was visiting Hokkaido while he was a college student in New York.

When Osaka was three years old, her family moved from Japan to Elmont, New York on Long Island to live with her father's parents. Her father was inspired to teach his daughters how to play tennis by watching the Williams sisters compete at the 1999 French Open. Having little experience as a tennis player himself, he sought to emulate how Richard Williams trained his daughters to become two of the best players in the world, despite having never played the sport. François remarked that "the blueprint was already there. I just had to follow it," with regard to the detailed plan Richard had developed for his daughters. He began coaching Naomi and Mari once they settled in the United States. In 2006, her family moved to Florida when she was eight or nine years old so that they would have better opportunities to train. She practiced on the Pembroke Pines public courts during the day and was homeschooled at night. When she was 15years old, she began working with Patrick Tauma at the ISP Academy. In 2014, she moved to the Harold Solomon Tennis Academy. She later trained at the ProWorld Tennis Academy.

Although Osaka was raised in the United States, her parents decided that their daughters would represent Japan. They said, "We made the decision that Naomi would represent Japan at an early age. She was born in Osaka and was brought up in a household of Japanese and Haitian culture. Quite simply, Naomi and her sister Mari have always felt Japanese so that was our only rationale. It was never a financially motivated decision nor were we ever swayed either way by any national federation." This decision may have also been motivated by a lack of interest from the United States Tennis Association (USTA) when she was still a young player. The USTA later offered her the opportunity to train at their national training center in Boca Raton, Florida when she was 16 years old, but she declined.

Professional career

2011–2015: First WTA Tour match win

Osaka never competed on the ITF Junior Circuit, the premier international junior tour, and only played in a small number of junior tournaments at any age level. She instead skipped to the ITF Women's Circuit and played her first qualifying match in October 2011 on her 14th birthday. She then made her professional main-draw debut in doubles at her next tournament in March with her sister Mari. Meanwhile, she did not qualify for her first singles main draw until July in her seventh such attempt. Her best result of the 2012 season came at a $10k event in Amelia Island, where she lost to her sister in the semifinals. Osaka has never won a title at the ITF level, only managing to finish runner-up on four occasions. Her first two finals came at the $25K level, one of which was in June 2013 in El Paso, Texas. The other was in March 2014 in Irapuato, Mexico and included a victory over her sister.

In September 2013, Osaka turned professional shortly before turning 16 years old. She entered her first two qualifying draws on the WTA Tour that same month at the Challenge Bell in Quebec and the Pan Pacific Open in Tokyo. The latter event was her first opportunity to compete professionally in Japan. The following summer, Osaka qualified for her first WTA Tour main draw at the 2014 Stanford Classic. In her tour level debut, she upset world  19, Samantha Stosur, in a tight match where she saved a match point in the second set tiebreak and came back from a 5–3 deficit in the third set. She was still just 16 years old and ranked No. 406 at the time. Osaka also won a match as a wildcard at the Japan Women's Open, her only other WTA Tour main draw of the year. These victories helped her progress into the top 250 of the rankings before the end of the season.

Despite not winning another WTA Tour main-draw singles match in 2015, Osaka continued to climb up the rankings. She reached her two highest level finals, the first at the $75k Kangaroo Cup in Japan and the second at the $50k Surbiton Trophy in England. Following these runner-up results, Osaka was ranked high enough to enter qualifying at the last two Grand Slam singles events of the year, Wimbledon and the US Open. She won her first match at the US Open, but was unable to qualify for either main draw. Nonetheless, Osaka had a strong finish to the year. In October during the WTA Finals, she won the Rising Stars Invitational four-player exhibition tournament, defeating heavy favorite and world No. 35, Caroline Garcia, in the final. Continuing to play in November, Osaka then reached the biggest final of her career at the WTA 125 Hua Hin Championships in Thailand. After a semifinal at a $75k event in Japan, she finished the year ranked No. 144.

2016: Newcomer of the Year, top 50

Osaka began the season playing three tournaments in Australia. Her results during this stretch were good enough to bring her near the top 100, which allowed her to play in WTA Tour-level events all year. Most notably, she qualified for her first Grand Slam main draw at the Australian Open and made it to the third round. In particular, she upset No. 21, Elina Svitolina, in straight sets in the second round before losing to No. 16, Victoria Azarenka. Back in the United States, Osaka received a wildcard into the Miami Open, her first Premier Mandatory main draw. During the event, she won two matches including a victory over No. 18, Sara Errani. With this success, she progressed into the top 100 of the WTA rankings for the first time.

In the clay-court events leading up to the French Open, Osaka needed to qualify for every event she entered. She only managed to do so at a single event, the Charleston Open, where she lost her only match in the main draw. Nonetheless, Osaka was ranked high enough to be directly accepted into the main draw of the French Open. In her debut at the tournament, she recorded her only two clay-court match wins of the season. She also won the first set against No. 6 Simona Halep, but ultimately lost the match. She then did not play the grass-court season after suffering an injury shortly after the French Open.

Osaka returned to tennis in the middle of July. At the US Open in August, she reached the third round at a major event for the third time that year. She upset No. 30 CoCo Vandeweghe in the first round before losing to No. 9 Madison Keys, in three sets. During her match against Keys, she had a 5–1 lead in the third set before ultimately losing in a tiebreak. After the tournament, Osaka began the Asian hardcourt season with two tournaments in Tokyo, first losing in the second round at the Japan Women's Open. Having already reached her first two career WTA quarterfinals earlier in the year, she then made her breakthrough as a wildcard at the Premier-level Pan Pacific Open. She upset No. 12 Dominika Cibulková and No. 20 Svitolina on the road to making her first WTA final at the age of 18. At the time, Cibulkova was the highest-ranked player she ever defeated. Additionally, she was the first Japanese player to contest the final at the event since Kimiko Date in 1995. Osaka ultimately finished runner-up to Caroline Wozniacki. Nonetheless, she entered the top 50 of the WTA rankings for the first time. At the end of the season, she was named the WTA Newcomer of the Year.

2017: Two top-10 victories
After her huge improvement the previous year, Osaka was unable to set a new career-high ranking in 2017. Nonetheless, she maintained a steady ranking throughout the season, rising no higher than No. 44 while falling no lower than No. 68, her year-end ranking. She did not win more than two main draw matches at any event all year.

Osaka's best tournament result of the season came at the Canadian Open, where she reached the round of sixteen as a qualifier. During the event, she upset No. 16 Anastasija Sevastova before needing to retire against world No. 1, Karolína Plíšková, due to an abdominal injury. She had won the second set against Plíšková. Her next best results of the year came at the last two major events of the season, where she made it to the third round at each of Wimbledon and the US Open. She had a strong debut at Wimbledon, upsetting No. 23 Barbora Strýcová, before losing to No. 11 Venus Williams. Her US Open was then highlighted by her first-round win against defending champion and No. 6, Angelique Kerber, the first top-ten victory of Osaka's career. However, her run was ended by veteran qualifier Kaia Kanepi. This was the second consecutive year she lost in the third round of the US Open, after having at least a one-break lead in the third set.

Osaka in particular struggled to play on clay courts. After winning her first two matches at the Charleston Open, she did not win another main-draw match on clay the remainder of the season. Osaka did well in her first full grass-court season on the WTA Tour, going 4–4 behind her performance at Wimbledon. Her biggest wins of the year all came on hardcourt. In addition to her results at the Canadian Open and the US Open, she also recorded a second top-ten victory over No. 5, Venus Williams, at the Hong Kong Open, her last tournament of the year.

2018: US Open champion, world No. 4

Following her lack of improvement in 2017, Osaka hired Sascha Bajin to be her coach in the off-season. In their second tournament together, Osaka produced her career best result at a major event. At the Australian Open, she reached the fourth round after defeating two top-20 players in Elena Vesnina and hometown favorite Ashleigh Barty, ultimately losing to world No. 1, Simona Halep. This result helped her return to the top 50 within the next month.

At the Indian Wells Open, Osaka had the next big breakthrough of her career. Having never won a professional title or made it past the third round at a Premier Mandatory event, she won the tournament convincingly, only dropping one set in the middle round of the tournament. In the quarterfinals and semifinals, she defeated two top-five opponents in Karolína Plíšková and Halep, the latter of which was her first victory over a current No. 1 player. She then closed out the tournament with a win in the final over fellow up-and-coming player Daria Kasatkina, making her the youngest champion at the event in ten years. With her first title, she surged past her previous career-high ranking to No. 22 in the world. Osaka played the following week as well at the Miami Open and extended her win streak by one additional match in her first meeting against her childhood idol, Serena Williams, who was competing in just her second tournament back from maternity leave.

After her success in the early months of the season, Osaka had a rather quiet middle of the year. She reached the third round at both the French Open and Wimbledon, matching her best performance at each tournament. The closest she came to winning another tournament was on grass at the Nottingham Open, where she lost to top seed Barty in the semifinals.

Osaka did not have another breakthrough result until the US Open, where she won her second title of the year. Like at Indian Wells, she only dropped one set in the middle round of the event, this time to No. 20 Aryna Sabalenka. In the three early rounds, she only lost a total of seven games and notably recorded a double bagel victory against Aliaksandra Sasnovich. Osaka was drawn against Madison Keys in the semifinals, and was able to avenge her tough loss from the 2016 US Open to advance to the final. In the final, she defeated Serena Williams for the second time in 2018 to win her first major title. The match was marred by an on-court dispute between Williams and the umpire highlighted by Williams receiving a game penalty. Boos from the crowd continued during the match and the award ceremony. Osaka later said that the win was "a little bit bittersweet" and "it wasn't necessarily the happiest memory." Nonetheless, she became the first Japanese woman to contest a major singles final and the first Japanese Grand Slam singles champion.

Now ranked in the top ten, Osaka extended her win streak to ten matches by reaching the final at the Pan Pacific Open in Tokyo for the second time in her career. Plíšková was able to end her win streak in the final. Osaka then reached the semifinals at the Premier Mandatory China Open. With her third consecutive deep run, she rose to a career-best ranking of world No. 4, matching the record of Kimiko Date and Kei Nishikori for the highest ranking held by a Japanese player in history. Osaka closed out the year by participating at the WTA Finals, where she was grouped with Sloane Stephens, Angelique Kerber, and Kiki Bertens. She lost all three of her round-robin matches, notably retiring against Bertens due to a hamstring injury to end her season. Osaka finished the year as the WTA Tour leader in prize money, having earned almost $6.4 million.

2019: Australian Open title, world No. 1
Osaka entered the Australian Open as the fourth seed and also one of eleven players in contention for the world No. 1 ranking. She made it to the final against Petra Kvitová, having beaten Hsieh Su-wei in the third round despite being one set, 2–4 and 0–40 down at one point. Anastasija Sevastova also won the first set against her in the fourth round, while No. 8 Karolína Plíšková pushed her to three sets in the semifinals. After Osaka won the first set in the final, Kvitová saved three championship points before breaking Osaka in back-to-back service games to win the second set. Nonetheless, Osaka recovered to win the championship. She was the first woman to win consecutive major singles titles since Serena Williams in 2015, and was the first player to follow up her first Grand Slam singles title with another at the next such event since Jennifer Capriati in 2001. She also became the first Asian player to be ranked No. 1 in the world in singles. Despite this title, she parted ways with her coach Sascha Bajin following the tournament.

Osaka struggled after the Australian Open. She lost in the fourth and third rounds at the two Premier Mandatory tournaments in March, the Indian Wells Open and the Miami Open. After beginning the clay-court season with a semifinal at the Stuttgart Grand Prix where she withdrew due to an abdominal injury, her best results were two quarterfinals at the Madrid Open and the Italian Open. She also withdrew from the latter due to a right hand injury. Osaka matched her best result at the French Open, losing to Kateřina Siniaková in the third round. During the grass-court season, Osaka lost in the early rounds to Yulia Putintseva at both tournaments she entered, including the first round at Wimbledon. As a result, she lost the No. 1 ranking to Ashleigh Barty.

Before the US Open, Osaka made the quarterfinals at the two Premier 5 tournaments in August, the Canadian Open and the Cincinnati Open, where she was defeated by Serena Williams and Sofia Kenin respectively. These performances helped her regain the No. 1 ranking so that she had the top seed at the US Open. Nonetheless, her title defense came to an end in the fourth round against Belinda Bencic, who defeated her for the third time during the year. She then fell to No. 4 in the world. Following the tournament, Osaka went back to having her father as her coach. This change had an immediate impact, as Osaka won her next two tournaments. First, she won the Pan Pacific Open in her hometown of Osaka, defeating Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova in the final. Two weeks later, she won the Premier Mandatory China Open. During the tournament, she defeated reigning US Open champion Bianca Andreescu in the quarterfinals and world No. 1 and reigning French Open champion Ashleigh Barty in the final, both in three sets after losing the first. This was Andreescu's first loss since March. These results brought her to No. 3 in the world. At the end of the season, Osaka qualified for the WTA Finals for the second consecutive year. However, after defeating Petra Kvitová in her first match, she withdrew due to injury.

2020: Second US Open title

Osaka only played four tournaments in 2020, largely due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Before the tour shutdown, she lost to No. 2 Karolína Plíšková in a semifinal at the Brisbane International and Coco Gauff in the third round of the Australian Open, squandering a chance to serve for the match in the former. When the tour resumed, Osaka played the Cincinnati Open and the US Open, which were held in back-to-back weeks in New York. Osaka did not lose a match at either event. At the Cincinnati Open, she defeated four players ranked in the 20s before defaulting in the final against Victoria Azarenka due to a hamstring injury. Both Osaka and Azarenka reached the final again at the US Open, where Osaka became the first player to win a US Open women's singles final by coming from a set down since 1994. This was her second US Open title in three years. Following the US Open, Osaka skipped the French Open and ended her season because of her lingering hamstring injury.

During both of these tournaments in New York, Osaka drew attention for her activism. She had initially withdrawn from the Cincinnati Open before the semifinal to raise awareness for the police shooting of Jacob Blake, only staying in the tournament after they chose to support her cause by postponing the event for a day. At the US Open, Osaka walked onto the court for her seven matches wearing a different black mask, each of which with the name of an African American who had been killed in recent years often without significant repercussions.

2021: Australian Open title, mental health issues
Osaka was seeded third at the 2021 Australian Open. She recorded straight-sets wins over Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova, Caroline Garcia, and Ons Jabeur, before defeating Garbiñe Muguruza in three sets in the fourth round despite facing match points during the third set (the only match in which she lost a set during the tournament). She went on to defeat Hsieh Su-wei in the quarterfinals, Serena Williams in the semifinals, and 22nd seed Jennifer Brady in the final to claim her second Australian Open title.
She became one of only three players in the Open Era to win her first four Grand Slam finals, alongside Roger Federer and Monica Seles.

Osaka returned to the Miami Open as the second seed, making the quarterfinals for the first time. She lost the quarterfinal in a shock defeat to Maria Sakkari, winning just four games. As a result, Osaka missed out on regaining the No. 1 ranking.

Osaka was seeded second at the French Open. Shortly before the start of the tournament, she announced that she would not conduct her mandatory media assignments. After Osaka won her first match in straight sets and did not hold a press conference, she was fined $15,000 and threatened with rising levels of fines and expulsion. The following day, she announced her withdrawal from the tournament, citing mental health issues. Many fellow athletes and sponsors have voiced support for Osaka, with some noting a rarely discussed issue of mental health, although the overall reaction from the wider tennis community was mixed. On June 17, Osaka's agent announced that she would not participate in the upcoming Wimbledon Championships but would take part in the Tokyo Olympics.

Osaka would later return to action at the Cincinnati Open where she was defending finalist. She beat Coco Gauff in the second round but was upset by Jil Teichmann in the third round, both in three sets.

At the US Open, Osaka failed to defend her title, losing her composure and the match to the eventual tournament runner-up, Canadian Leylah Fernandez in the third round, despite serving for the match in the second set. During the match, Osaka threw her racket and received a code violation for hitting a ball into the stands. In her post-match press conference, Osaka announced another hiatus from the sport "for a while", revealing that winning did not make her happy anymore.

2022: Miami Open final
Osaka returned to competition at the Melbourne Summer Set 1 tournament seeded No. 1 and made the semifinals, before withdrawing due to an abdominal injury. Her next tournament was the Australian Open, where she was seeded 13th and attempting to defend her title. However, she was eliminated in the third round by Amanda Anisimova, in three sets. Osaka described being happy despite the loss and discussed steps she is taking to improve her mental health and have "more fun on the court".

She dropped 71 spots in the WTA rankings to No. 85 following the tournament, with the tournament absences in 2021 contributing to the drop.

In March, Osaka entered the Indian Wells Open where she beat Sloane Stephens in the first round, but lost to Veronika Kudermetova in straight sets in the second. Osaka was upset by a heckler in the crowd during the second round and was in tears during the match. Interviewed after the match, she compared her treatment to heckling at the tournament in 2001 that led the Williams sisters to boycott it for 13 years.

The following week, Osaka entered the Miami Open. She reached her first final since the 2021 Australian Open after defeating 22nd seed Belinda Bencic in the semifinals. Ranked 77 at the time, she became the lowest ranked finalist in the tournament's history. However, she lost the final to second seed Iga Świątek, in straight sets.

Following a right ankle injury at the Madrid Open, Osaka withdrew from the Italian Open. On May 23, she lost in the first round of the French Open to Anisimova.

Playing for the first time since the French Open, Osaka won her first-round match at San Jose against Zheng Qinwen in three sets, but lost in the next round to Coco Gauff, in straight sets. At the Canadian Open, Osaka retired from her first match against Kaia Kanepi due to back injury. Against home favorite Danielle Collins, Osaka started positive into the US Open but lost the first set in a tiebreak, and her first-round match in two sets.
Her troubles continued at the Pan Pacific Open where as the defending champion she withdrew in the second round citing abdominal pain, having played only one game in her first round match against Daria Gavrilova who retired due to knee injury.

2023: Pregnancy and hiatus
Days before the Australian Open, Osaka announced her withdrawal from the championships, as she was expecting her first child. Osaka's 2023 season was curtailed due to her expecting with rapper Cordae. In her withdrawal message, she confirmed with fans that she will be back for the Australian Open in 2024.

National representation

Fed Cup
Osaka made her Fed Cup debut for Japan in 2017, while the team was competing in the Asia/Oceania Zone Group I. Japan won all nine of their rubbers to advance out of their round-robin pool. Although Osaka won her singles match in the play-off against Kazakhstan, the team lost their other two matches and was not able to advance. The following year with Osaka absent, Japan was able to defeat Kazakhstan in the same group to advance to the 2018 World Group II Play-offs. In this stage, they hosted Great Britain in a usual five rubber tie. At this point, Osaka returned to the team and won her opening match against Heather Watson. After she lost her next rubber to Johanna Konta, Kurumi Nara was also able to defeat Watson to set up a decisive doubles match. Japan won that final rubber to earn promotion to World Group II in 2019.

Hopman Cup
Osaka made her Hopman Cup debut in 2018 with Yūichi Sugita. Japan was making their first appearance at the exhibition tournament since 2001. They were grouped with Switzerland, the United States, and Russia, and lost all three of their ties. Osaka's only match win came in singles against Russian Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova. She also had a big highlight in the mixed doubles match against Switzerland when she served an ace past Roger Federer.

Olympics

Osaka lit the Olympic cauldron during the opening ceremony. Coming into Tokyo Olympics, Osaka was ranked 2nd in the world. She lost in the 3rd round of the games to eventual finalist and silver medalist Markéta Vondroušová after two straight set victories.

Playing style

Osaka is an aggressive baseline player. She has excellent raw power, especially on her forehand and her serve. Osaka could hit  forehands at the age of sixteen, and her serve has been clocked at up to , making her one of the ten fastest servers on record in WTA history. While she can use her power to hit high numbers of winners, Osaka's key to success is to be able to win long rallies. One of the first notable instances in which that strategy proved successful was when Osaka made her first career WTA final at the 2016 Pan Pacific Open.

Osaka credited improving her mental approach and cutting down on unforced errors for her breakthrough season in 2018. At the Wuhan Open towards the end of the year, she noted, "I think my biggest improvement is mental. My game is more consistent, there are not so many unforced errors. I'm not sure how many I hit today, but sometimes last year I was hitting a lot!" She attributed some of these changes to her coach Sascha Bajin, saying, "Since I was working with [Bajin] — and I tend to be a bit negative on myself — I feel like I've gotten a little bit more optimistic ... I fight myself a lot, so he's sort of been, like, the peacemaker." Bajin also agreed with Osaka on the impact of having a patient, positive approach in each match.

Coaches
Osaka was coached by her father Leonard François from the age of three. Patrick Tauma was one of her first coaches after she began playing on the ITF Women's Circuit. He was her coach in 2013 when she reached her first ITF final. In 2014, she spent seven months training at an academy run by Harold Solomon, a former top five player and French Open finalist who has coached many top women's tennis players including Jennifer Capriati and Mary Joe Fernández. Under Solomon, Osaka defeated Sam Stosur for her first WTA match win. Following her loss at the 2016 US Open where she could not convert a 5–1 lead in the third set, the Japan Tennis Association helped arrange for David Taylor to be her new coach.

After the 2017 season, Osaka switched coaches to Sascha Bajin, who had previously served as a hitting partner to top players such as Serena Williams, Victoria Azarenka, and Caroline Wozniacki. With Bajin as her coach, Osaka won her first Premier Mandatory title and two Grand Slam singles titles. She also rose to No. 1 in the world after having never previously been ranked above No. 40. Bajin was named the inaugural WTA Coach of the Year in 2018. Shortly after her 2019 Australian Open title, Osaka surprisingly split with Bajin, saying, she "wouldn't put success over [her] happiness." She hired Jermaine Jenkins to be her new coach from March until October. Jenkins had previously worked as a hitting partner for Venus Williams. Osaka temporarily replaced him with her father in September. She won her first two tournaments with him back as her coach. She subsequently hired Wim Fissette at the start of the 2020 season.

Endorsements
Osaka is one of the most marketable athletes in the world. She earned an estimated $16 million in endorsements alone in 2019, which placed her second among female athletes behind only Serena Williams who earned $25 million. The following year, she became the highest-paid female athlete of all time, having earned $37.4 million in total, including $34 million in endorsements. Overall, she was the 29th highest-paid athlete in 2020 and the 8th highest-paid athlete in endorsements alone.

Nike has been Osaka's apparel sponsor since 2019, having replaced Adidas who had sponsored her for four years. With Nike, Osaka has a clothing collection featuring her monogram logo that uses her initials and is inspired by the Japanese flag. The Japanese sporting equipment manufacturer Yonex has supplied her with rackets since 2008. She plays with the Yonex Ezone 98 racket, equipped with Polytour Pro 125 and Rexis 130 strings. Osaka has been represented by the IMG management company since 2016. In 2022, Osaka left IMG, in order to set up her own sports management agency, Evolve, alongside her agent, Stuart Duguid. On June 20, 2022, Osaka announced that she had signed Nick Kyrgios as her first client.

Osaka is a brand ambassador for Japanese automobile manufacturer Nissan and Japanese electronics manufacturer Citizen Watch. She also endorses several other Japanese companies, including noodle maker Nissin Foods, cosmetics producer Shiseido, the broadcasting station Wowow, and airline All Nippon Airways (ANA).

In January 2021, Osaka was named the brand ambassador for Tag Heuer watches, as well as for Louis Vuitton; she appeared in their Spring-Summer 2021 campaign. She is also endorsed by Beats Electronics, Bodyarmor SuperDrink, Mastercard, Panasonic, FTX, PlayStation, Levi's, Airbnb, Sweetgreen, Workday, and GoDaddy. Her endorsement portfolio was estimated to earn Osaka up to $60 million per year. As a result of FTX's $11-billion bankruptcy, Osaka was sued for her involvement. In February 2022, the U.S. 11th Circuit Court of Appeals ruled in a lawsuit against Bitconnect that the Securities Act of 1933 extends to targeted solicitation using social media.

Panasonic announced the signing of Osaka as brand ambassador in June 2021. She is a promoter of the "Panasonic Green Impact" initiative alongside Olympic swimmer Michael Phelps and Olympic figure skater Nathan Chen. Panasonic enlisted the three celebrity athletes for its sustainability mission and they were part of an ad campaign for climate change that included individual commercials and a commercial in which all three athletes are featured.

Activism
Osaka has become a leading activist in professional tennis. Her decision to withdraw from the 2020 Cincinnati Open in New York to raise awareness for the police shooting of Jacob Blake led the tournament to postpone all Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) and Women's Tennis Association (WTA) matches for a day in support of her cause. At the 2020 US Open beginning the following week, each mask she wore as she walked onto the court (due to the COVID-19 pandemic) prominently displayed the name of an African American who had been killed in the preceding few years, the majority in the year before the tournament, and the majority killed by police. She highlighted Breonna Taylor, Elijah McClain, Ahmaud Arbery, Trayvon Martin, George Floyd, Philando Castile, and Tamir Rice; and was praised directly by the parents of Martin and Arbery. Prior to these acts of activism, Osaka had also travelled to Minnesota to attend the protests of the murder of George Floyd. She outlined her personal reasons for supporting the Black Lives Matter movement and protesting against police brutality in an op-ed in Esquire magazine.

Osaka was named a 2020 Sports Illustrated Sportsperson of the Year for her activism alongside the year's other prominent activist sports champions LeBron James, Breanna Stewart, and Patrick Mahomes, as well as medical worker Laurent Duvernay-Tardif. She was also honored as one of the Time 100 most influential people in the world in 2020 for her activism, having also been named to the list in 2019 for representing professional tennis well as an excellent role model and a major champion. Osaka's activism has drawn attention from the scholarly community studying celebrity and advocacy, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Osaka has been featured as the main character in a manga series published by Kodansha in Nakayoshi, a leading Japanese shojo magazine. The series is being drawn by Futago Kamikita and was made with the help of Osaka's sister Mari. The first edition appeared in the February 2021 issue of the magazine, which was released in December 2020.
In March 2021, Osaka spoke out against anti-Asian hate crimes.

Personal life
Osaka began a relationship with American rapper Cordae (then YBN Cordae) in 2019. In January 2023, not long after withdrawing from the Australian Open, Osaka revealed that she was pregnant with her first child with Cordae. Osaka later confirmed she hoped to return to tennis for the 2024 Australian Open in January 2024, with her baby being due "in June or July 2023". On July 7, she welcomed a baby girl.

In 2021, Osaka became a co-owner of the North Carolina Courage in the National Women's Soccer League, the top level of women's soccer in the U.S. Osaka is an investor in a professional pickleball team which will be based in Miami, Florida, beginning in 2023.

In May 2022, Osaka announced after being represented by IMG for six years, she is partnering with her agent, Stuart Duguid to form her own sports agency, Evolve. Her contract with IMG expired at the end of 2021, and the renewal talks were stalled. Osaka and Duguid will have equity stakes in the agency, and it will only be representing a few clients.

Osaka had a shy, reserved personality in her early years on the WTA Tour. She later became more and more outspoken and emerged as a prominent voice for social change, leading to her being described as chaotic netural.  Her former coach Sascha Bajin was initially confused by her personality, saying, "I thought she was a little bit more of a diva because she didn't talk much. She doesn't really look at someone's eyes, but that's just because she was always so shy ... Back then I didn't know for what reason." Osaka is also very frank and is regarded as having a dry sense of humor.

Mental health challenges and advocacy
Osaka has lived with depression since the 2018 US Open. In May 2021, she refused to take part in required press conferences during the French Open and was subsequently fined $15,000 and threatened with expulsion from the tournament. On May 31, Osaka withdrew from the event to deal with her mental health and well-being. Less than a month later she also pulled out of Wimbledon citing "She is taking some personal time with friends and family." She attempted to come back for the Olympics but the pressure of returning to the limelight was a factor in her third round loss.

In September at the US Open, she lost to Leylah Fernandez and in the process threw her racket three times and received a code violation for firing a ball at the spectators. Afterwards, when asked about the incident, she replied "I'm not really sure why" and "recently I feel very anxious when things don't go my way." Osaka then announced she was taking an indefinite break from the sport. Later in 2021, she shared with Victoria's Secret that she is being assisted with therapy.

At the 2022 Indian Wells Open, a heckler unsettled Osaka to the point of tears after which she had to return to therapy. She said the consistent therapy “really helped” and she is better prepared for incidents in the future. In a May 2022 interview, Osaka shared that while there have been ups and downs, she feels very content with her mental health journey.

Career statistics

Grand Slam singles performance timeline

Grand Slam tournament finals

Singles: 4 (4 titles)

See also
 Naomi Osaka (TV series)

Notes

References

External links

1997 births
Living people
21st-century Japanese women
21st-century Japanese people
Japanese female tennis players
Japanese people of Haitian descent
Australian Open (tennis) champions
Grand Slam (tennis) champions in women's singles
Hopman Cup competitors
Japanese-American tennis players
North Carolina Courage owners
Sportspeople from Pembroke Pines, Florida
Sportspeople from Osaka
Tennis people from Florida
US Open (tennis) champions
Asia Game Changer Award winners
Laureus World Sports Awards winners
Olympic cauldron lighters
Olympic tennis players for Japan
Tennis players at the 2020 Summer Olympics
WTA number 1 ranked singles tennis players
Japanese human rights activists
American human rights activists
American social activists
Black Lives Matter people


title: Proteus phenomenon

text:
The Proteus phenomenon is the tendency in science for early replications of a work to contradict the original findings, a consequence of publication bias. It is akin to the winner's curse.

The term was coined by John Ioannidis and Thomas A. Trikalinos in 2005 named after the Greek god Proteus who could rapidly change his appearance. A 2013 paper argued that the phenomenon might be "desirable or even optimal" from a scientific standpoint.

See also
 Reproducibility
 Reproducibility Project
 Metascience

References

Criticism of academia
Academic publishing


title: United States Colored Troops Memorial Statue (Lexington Park, Maryland)

text:
The United States Colored Troops Memorial Statue is a memorial to the more than 700 African-American soldiers and sailors from St. Mary's County, Maryland who served in the Union forces during the American Civil War.

It is located in the city of Lexington Park, Maryland. The memorial was completed and dedicated in 2012.

The memorial includes an educational kiosk with a written history and also features two African-American men, William H. Barnes and James H. Harris, from St. Mary's County who received the Medal of Honor. A photograph of William H. Barnes is included.

History

Soldiers and sailors

About 700 African-American soldiers from the county served on the Union side during the war. These included many men who escaped slavery and joined the Union cause. There were also many free Black citizens of the county, mostly tenant farmers, who also served. White soldiers from all walks of life in the county served as well.

Recruitment

Most men were recruited by the Union Army at special stations in St. Mary's County, which offered freedom to slaves who volunteered for service. Many in the county risked escape, regardless of the risk of incurring severe punishment from plantation owners, and signed up for military duty. Many free African Americans from the county, many of whom were tenant farmers or sharecroppers, also enlisted. A number of White county residents enlisted as well. Together, their service would ultimately contribute to the liberation of all enslaved peoples of St. Mary's County and the United States as a whole.

Medal of Honor recipients

Two African-American St. Mary's County men who served, William H. Barnes and James H. Harris, had both been free tenant farmers before the war. They had both volunteered for service in the Union Army. Both saw heavy fighting and each was awarded the Medal of Honor for their actions in the Battle of Chaffin's Farm (also called the "Battle of New Market Heights"). They served in the 38th United States Colored Infantry regiment alongside other St. Mary's County men, including many who had escaped slavery.

Memorial dedication

The memorial was dedicated in 2012. The dedication was officiated by Congressman Steny Hoyer, former Majority Leader of the United States House of Representatives. Officials from St. Mary's County, including St. Mary's County Commissioner Dan Raley and officials from the nearby Patuxent River Naval Air Station were in attendance as well. The event was also attended by historians, archeologists and members of the general public.

Juneteenth celebrations
A yearly Juneteenth celebration gathering is now held at the memorial.

See also
American Civil War
History of slavery in Maryland
List of amendments to the United States Constitution see the 13th, 14th and 15th amendments, enacted in 1865, 1868 and 1870
List of African-American Medal of Honor recipients
List of United States Colored Troops Civil War Units
List of American Civil War Medal of Honor recipients
Slavery in the United States
United States Colored Troops

References

External links

Official website for the memorial  history of the USCT in St. Mary's County, map to the memorial, information about yearly Juneteenth celebrations there
U.S. Colored Troops Civil War Memorial Monument Dedicated News Article, includes video of dedication ceremony, speeches
U.S. Colored Troops Honored at Last Military news article on the memorial
How to research African-American family history, how to find Civil War-era ancestors nonprofit website produced by PBS

2012 establishments in Maryland
2012 sculptures
African-American history of Maryland
African-American military monuments and memorials
Buildings and structures in St. Mary's County, Maryland
History of slavery in Maryland
Military history of the American Civil War
People of Maryland in the American Civil War
Union (American Civil War) monuments and memorials in Maryland


title: Neocogniauxia monophylla

text:
Neocogniauxia monophylla is a species of orchid in the subfamily Epidendroideae. It grows in Jamaica from elevations of 3,300 to 5,300 ft.

References

Pleurothallidinae
Plants described in 1913


title: Macedonian Heraldic Society

text:
The Macedonian Heraldic Society (MHS) is the only professional body in the field of heraldry, vexillology, phaleristics, chivalristics and nobiliar issues in North Macedonia. The society was founded on 2 July 2003 in Skopje under the name Macedonian Heraldry Society, and changed to its current name in 2018.

Society Coat of Arms and Flag

Coat of arms
The coat of arms of the Macedonian Heraldic Society has three heraldic representations: lesser, middle and greater coat of arms.

The lesser coat of arms of the society is blazoned: Gules, a hippocamp Argent holding baton and quill in saltire, all Or.

The middle coat of arms of the society is blazoned: Gules, a hippocamp Argent holding baton and quill in saltire, all Or. Shield crowned with heraldic crown, behind shield herald’s batons, all Or.

The greater coat of arms of the society is blazoned: Over the crowned shield a mantle Gules doubled Argent, crowned with heraldic crown Or.

Flag
The flag of the society is a banner with a 1:1 proportion and with the blazon of the coat of arms.

Executive Board

President and herald of the society is Jovan Jonovski, member of the Orders and Medals Committee of the President of the Republic of Macedonia, member of the International Commission on Orders of Chivalry (ICOC), an associate member of Académie Internationale d'Héraldique (AIH). Editor of "Macedonian Herald".

Vice President and pursuivant of the society is Petar Gajdov, lawyer, head of the phaleristics section.

Secretary and pursuivant of the society is Aleksandar Gizharovski, software engineer, head of the vexillology section, editor of "Macedonian Herald".

Activities

Popularization of heraldry
Popularization of heraldry is accomplished through lectures, workshops and presence in the media.

Lectures were held by several speakers from home and abroad. Among the lecturers were Dr. Stoyan Antonov, President of the Bulgarian Heraldry and Vexillology Society, Prof. Dr. Ivan Balta from Faculty of Philosophy in Osijek, Croatia, which had several lectures, and Dr. Vujadin Ivanisevic from Institute for Byzantine Studies in Belgrade, Serbia.

Lectures on theoretical heraldry and practical training workshops were held in cooperation with several organizations. The biggest was the collaboration with the Museum of Macedonia on the project "The Amazing World of Heraldry“ during which, for three years lectures and workshops were held.

The popularization of heraldry, vexillology and phaleristics is accomplished through many articles in daily newspapers and appearances on broadcast media too.

Research of the Macedonian heraldic heritage
Studies of the Macedonian heraldic heritage is the central part of the activities of the society. Researches have been performed in archives, libraries, private collections in Zagreb, Stuttgart, Brussels and Washington. Research results are exchanged and supplemented with colleagues from other countries on congresses and symposia, as well as discussion groups and forums.

Design of arms, flags, orders and decorations
Macedonian Heraldic Society is engaged in designing coats of arms, flags, orders, decorations, etc. Among the most important are the coat of arms of the president of North Macedonia, the Coat of arms of the Macedonian Orthodox Church – Ohrid Archbishopric and the Order of Merit for Macedonia.

The Macedonian Heraldic Society is actively working on improving the quality and standardization of the municipal heraldry in North Macedonia. Members of the society are authors of coats of arms and flags of the municipalities: Radovish, Novo Selo, Kriva Palanka and Kochani. The society was also consulted in the selection of several municipal arms.

Establishing a Heraldic Register
One of the activities of the society is establishing a register of both old and new heraldic achievements. For the registered arms, an appropriate matricula is issued. They are also published in "Macedonian Herald“.

Beginnings

In 2000 the president of the society, Jovan Jonovski, published the website "Heraldry in Macedonia" where coats of arms and citations from the book Coats of Arms of Macedonia by Dr. Aleksandar Matkovski were published, in English and Macedonian. The website was complemented with arms used in Macedonia: territorial, corporate and personal. The website began to publish information on historical, theoretical and heraldry in general. A group of interested individuals gathered around the website, mostly Macedonians from abroad. When sufficient number of interested individuals was finally reached, in July 2003 the Macedonian Heraldry Society was founded.

"Macedonian Herald"

The Macedonian Heraldic Society publishes an official journal, "Macedonian Herald", where the members of the society publish articles regarding their researches, municipal coats of arms and flags are commented, heraldic achievements registered in the heraldic register are published, as well as articles in the field of phaleristics, signumanistics and emblematics.

The journal is bilingual, in Macedonian and English.

Besides the printed edition, "Macedonian Herald" is freely available on the website of the society.

International Activities

The Macedonian Heraldic Society is a full member of Confédération Internationale de Généalogie et d'Héraldique (CIGH) since the 29th International Congress on Genealogy and Heraldic Sciences in Stuttgart, Germany, held in September 2010.

At the 24th Congress of the International Federation of Vexillological Associations (FIAV) in August 2011 in Washington, USA, the society became a full member of this prestigious organization.

The Macedonian Heraldic Society gave logistical support for the establishment of the Bulgarian Heraldry and Vexillology Society (BHVS). A MHS delegation regularly participates on BHVS annual meetings.

The president of the society attended the founding of the Croatian Heraldic and Vexillologic Association (CHVA).

The society also collaborates with the Serbian Heraldry Society.

The members of the society have published articles in the specialized magazines: "Grb i Zastava" of the Croatian Heraldic and Vexillologic Association, "Herold" of the Bulgarian Heraldry and Vexillology Society and "Glas heralda" and "Ocilo" of the Serbian Heraldry Society.

Projects

 "The Amazing World of Heraldry", Museum of Macedonia, 2007–2009
 Permanent exhibition "Heraldry in Macedonia", Museum of Macedonia, 2009
 Coats of Arms of Alexander of Macedonia in European Armorials, Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Macedonia, 2010–2011

See also

 Coat of arms of the Macedonian Orthodox Church – Ohrid Archbishopric
 Coat of arms of the president of North Macedonia
 Historical coat of arms of Macedonia
 Flag of North Macedonia
 Flags of North Macedonia
 National emblem of North Macedonia
 Orders, decorations, and medals of North Macedonia

References

External links
 Official website of the Macedonian Heraldic Society
 "Macedonian Herald"

Heraldic societies
Clubs and societies in North Macedonia
International Federation of Vexillological Associations


title: Marie Benedicte Bjørnland

text:
Marie Benedicte Bjørnland (born 30 April 1965) is a Norwegian lawyer. She is the current Director of Police since 2019, and was the head of the Norwegian Police Security Service (PST) from 2012 to 2019.

She was born in Kristiansand and grew up in Lier and Sandefjord. After obtaining a Master of Law degree from the University of Oslo, she worked as a deputy judge in Skien and Porsgrunn and as a consultant in the Directorate for prices, with most of her career in various positions in the police force, becoming Chief of police in Vestfold in 2007. As part of the latter position, she led the local branch of PST.

Bjørnland was appointed chief of Police Security Service on 8 June 2012.

In 2016, Bjørnland stated in a radio interview with The Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation that being expressively 'anti-Islam' is enough to be considered as 'right-wing extremist' by PST.

On 20 December 2018, she was nominated to succeed Odd Reidar Humlegård as director of police. She assumed office on 1 April 2019.

As of 2022, she is involved in a case involving employment termination of a whistleblower at Police Security Service; in October that year, the agency of which she is chief - asked the justice ministry if Bjørnland has a conflict-of-interest in the case; according to a later media report, she has a personal conflict with whistleblower Øyvind Tenold. As of October 28, the justice ministry will not make a judgement call, in regard to the question about conflict-of-interest. Later in October, media uncovered that the Police Directorate had been involved when Tenold was fired as leader of "Police Security Service at Vest Politidistrikt". Tenold has filed a complaint about his termination; that complaint is in the hands of a committee at Police Directorate - "the central employment-council". However, media has pointed out that the case work to decide the complaint - will be done by the Police Directorate, which has already been involved in the case of which the complaint comprises.

Personal life: Bjørnland is married with two children and resides in Sandefjord.

References

1965 births
Living people
Norwegian jurists
Directors of government agencies of Norway
University of Oslo alumni
People from Kristiansand
People from Sandefjord


title: Arash Motor Company

text:
Arash Motor Company is a British supercar & hypercar manufacturer based in Newmarket, Suffolk. It was originally established by Arash Farboud as Farboud Limited in 1999, and changed name in 2006. The company has expanded to North-America with a manufacturing facility in Bolton, Ontario, Canada.

The company has made four models to date: the AF-LM (a prototype Le Mans tribute car), the Farboud GTS (a super sports car), the AF-8 (their first supercar) and the AF-10 (a hypercar).

Currently only the AF-8 & AF-10 are in production but a new car is due to be released in 2021.

The company is an ultra-low volume manufacturer, producing less than 3 cars per year. Sales are equally low, having sold fewer than 80 cars since commencement.

History

The company began developing the Farboud GT in 1999 under the name Farboud Ltd. This was launched at The Autosport Show held at the Birmingham NEC in 2001. He went on to design the Farboud GTS which was officially launched at the British Motorshow in London in 2004. At that time Chris Marsh was working with Arash as a sales representative, who is the son of Jem Marsh who founded Marcos cars with Frank Costin (Marsh+Costin=Marcos). Marsh became enthusiastic about the Farboud GTS and Arash subsequently granted him a licence to use the shape of the car and assist with the development in exchange for shares in the new car company.
Marsh subsequently simplified the design by substituting the Audi RS4 based racing engine with a Ford V6. He also changed some cosmetic features including the doors, windows and interior parts. After a dispute in 2005, Marsh renamed the car "The Farbio". This was to announce the Farboud car link to "biofuel" and fitted more with the brand rework. He originally attempted to call the car "The Fangio", but there was push-back from the deceased Formula 1 driver's Argentine family regarding remuneration.

Arash sold his shares of Farbio to Michael Simmonds. Arash continued as 100% shareholder of Farboud Ltd. This later became Arash Motor Co.
The design and concept was later sold to Laurence Tomlinson of Ginetta, who kept the design and renamed the car the Ginetta F400.

Models

Farboud GT
The Farboud GT was the company's first model, announced in 2002 at the Autosport International show in Birmingham. It featured a 2.8-litre V6 twin turbo engine producing 620 bhp.

Farboud GTS
The Farboud GTS was shown as a concept car at Autosport International in 2003. Three cars were built before the design was sold to Farbio Sports Cars and production started in 2007 with the car sold as the Farbio GTS. Following the merging of Farbio with Ginetta, the GTS was further developed as the Ginetta F400.

Arash AF10
In 2009, Arash displayed the AF10, featuring a Chevrolet Corvette-sourced 7.0-litre V8 engine producing at least 500 bhp. The car was not put into production but Arash later revealed a revised model in 2016 with a hybrid drivetrain and a horsepower claim of 2,080 hp.

It also features in the car racing game Asphalt 8: Airborne as one of the fastest cars in the game, placed up high in Class S with a rank of S1859.

Arash AF8
The AF8 was designed by Arash and revealed at the Geneva Motor Show 2016. It featured a carbon/steel tubed chassis and a mid-engined 7.0-litre V8 engine producing 505 bhp. It later went up the hill at the Goodwood Festival of Speed in 2015 and 2016.

See also
 Automotive industry in the United Kingdom
 List of car manufacturers of the United Kingdom
 List of automobiles manufactured in Ontario

References

External links

Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 1999
Car manufacturers of the United Kingdom
Companies based in Suffolk
Sports car manufacturers
1999 establishments in England


title: West Branch Run

text:
West Branch Run (also known as West Branch Little Fishing Creek ) is a tributary of Little Fishing Creek in Lycoming County and Columbia County, in Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately  long and flows through Jordan Township, Lycoming County and . The area of the stream's watershed is . The stream's only named tributary is Shingle Run. West Branch Run flows through a valley known as California Hollow, which is listed as a "locally significant site" on the Columbia County Natural Areas Inventory. The Shoemaker Covered Bridge also crosses the stream, as does at least one other bridge in Lycoming County.

Course

West Branch Run begins in Jordan Township, Lycoming County and flows southwest for more than a mile. It then turns south-southwest and flows for slightly over a mile until it exits Jordan Township. Upon leaving Jordan Township, the stream enters Pine Township. Here, it turns southwest for a short distance before turning southeast near Pine Summit. The stream then flows through a fairly narrow valley known as California Hollow for some distance. At the end of the valley, it receives Shingle Run, its only named tributary, and abruptly turns south. After more than a mile, West Branch Run passes the Shoemaker Covered Bridge, crossing Pennsylvania Route 442 on the way, and turns southeast. It then crosses Pennsylvania Route 442 again and shortly afterwards reaches its confluence with Little Fishing Creek.

West Branch Run joins Little Fishing Creek  upstream of its mouth.

Tributaries
The only named tributary of West Branch Run is Shingle Run. Shingle Run joins West Branch Run  upstream of its mouth. Its watershed has an area of .

Hydrology, geography and geology
The elevation of West Branch Run near its mouth is  above sea level. At its headwaters, the stream has an elevation of approximately  above sea level.

West Branch Run flows through a valley known as California Hollow in Pine Township, Columbia County.

West Branch Run has high levels of dissolved oxygen.

Watershed
The watershed of West Branch Run has an area of . There are no roads along West Branch Run where it flows through California Hollow. The stream is one of only a few streams in Columbia County with this property.

The Shoemaker Covered Bridge was built over West Branch Run in 1884 by T.S. Christian. The bridge is  long. It was rehabilitated in 2008. A bridge carrying the road T-720 was built over the stream in 1936. It is  long.

Biology
California Hollow, which West Branch Run flows through, is listed as a "locally significant site" on the Columbia County Natural Areas Inventory.

Hemlock and white pine inhabit the slopes of California Hollow. According to the Columbia County Natural Areas Inventory, it may have a high level of diversity among native plants and few invasive plants.

Trout reproduce naturally in West Branch Run.

See also
Spruce Run (Little Fishing Creek), next tributary of Little Fishing Creek going downstream
Lick Run (Little Fishing Creek), next tributary of Little Fishing Creek going upstream
List of tributaries of Fishing Creek (North Branch Susquehanna River)

References

External links

Rivers of Lycoming County, Pennsylvania
Rivers of Columbia County, Pennsylvania
Tributaries of Fishing Creek (North Branch Susquehanna River)
Rivers of Pennsylvania


title: Pieter Tjarck

text:
Pieter Tjarck is a portrait painting by the Dutch Golden Age painter Frans Hals, painted in 1638 and now in the Los Angeles County Museum of Art, Los Angeles.

Painting
The painting shows a fashionably dressed gentleman leaning over the back of a chair holding a rose. This painting was documented by Ernst Wilhelm Moes in 1909 and Hofstede de Groot in 1910, who wrote:PIETER TJARCK. M. 77. Half-length; in an oval of painted stone. A man seated, facing three-quarters right, looks at the
spectator. His right arm rests on the arm of the chair; in the hand is a rose. He has a big moustache' and pointed beard. He is in black with a big broad hat and a soft close-fitting ruff. [Pendant to 232.] Canvas, 33 inches by 27 inches. See Moes, Iconographia Batava, No. 7993, i and 2. A copy is in the Liege Museum. Exhibited at Brussels, 1882, No. 86; in Paris, 1889; in the Royal Academy Winter Exhibition, London, 1891, No. 69; in the Portrait Exhibition at The Hague, 1903, No. 36. Sale. Comte d'Oultremont, Brussels, June 27, 1889 (Arnold and Tripp). In the possession of the Paris dealers Arnold and Tripp. In the collection of Sir Cuthbert Quilter, London.Portret van Pieter Tjarck, nr. 36 in the catalog of the 1903 Portrait exhibition in the Hague, on archive.org

Hofstede de Groot agreed with Moes on the identification of the pendant of this painting depicting Tjarck's wife Maria Larp, which today is in the  collection of the National Gallery of London:

See also
 List of paintings by Frans Hals

References

 Painting record 144745 in the RKD

Tjarck
People from Haarlem
Collection of the Los Angeles County Museum of Art


title: Esa Misri

text:
Esa Bin Obaid Misri is an Indian professional bodybuilder from Hyderabad, Telangana State, India who won multiple titles in both state and national championships. The highest title he won was the Silver medallist at the 2016 Mr Universe Championship in the heavy weight category of 90 kg. He recently contested against AIMIM's Akbaruddin Owaisi.

Titles
Mr. Hyderabad (2009)
Mr. Pride of Hyderabad (2014)
Mr. Andhra Pradesh (9 times)
Mr. India (2009)
Mr. Universe (2015)
Mr. MuscleMania World (2015)

Early life and education
Born in Hyderabad, India to Obaid Bin Ali Misri and Taqiya Begum, Esa Misri was student of Kilpatrik Mission School. He is of Chaush ancestry.

He owns a gym with the name Misri gym and a function hall named Noori Palace Function hall located in Bandlaguda Chandrayan Gutta, Hyderabad.

Political career
He joined the Indian National Congress and contested as a candidate for the Chandrayangutta constituency in the 2018 elections.

References

External links

1971 births
Living people
Professional bodybuilders
Sportspeople from Hyderabad, India
Indian bodybuilders


title: 2013–14 ISU Speed Skating World Cup – Men's Grand World Cup

text:
The men's Grand World Cup of the 2013–14 ISU Speed Skating World Cup was the season overall competition, for which all individual races and distances over the entire season counted, with points awarded to the top five competitors of each race.

Shani Davis of the United States was the overall winner.

Rules
All races and distances that were competed individually, including the mass start, counted.

Points system
In order to determine an overall World Cup winner, a special points system was used, awarding points for the top five skaters in each individual event.

Note: half points were awarded in distances that were skated twice in the same competition.

Prize money

The Grand World Cup winner was awarded $20000.

Standings
Standings as of 16 March 2014 (end of the season).

References

Men GWC


title: Aeroméxico Rewards

text:
Aeroméxico Rewards is the frequent flyer program focused on travelers from Mexico, belonging to Grupo Aeroméxico. It is the most important and recognized rewards program in Mexico.

History of ownership structure
In September 2010, AIMIA, formerly Groupe Aeroplan, acquired approximately 29% of Aeroméxico Rewards, formerly known as Club Premier for USD 35 million. Aeroméxico Rewards became independent from Aeroméxico. To do this, Grupo Aeroméxico and Groupe Aeroplan created Premier Loyalty & Marketing, S.A.P.I. de C.V. ("PLM") company to operate Club Premier, now Aeroméxico Rewards

In December 2012, Groupe Aeroplan invested another USD 88 million to acquire 20% more of PLM, AIMIA controlled 49% of PLM and Aeroméxico 51%.

In September 2022, Grupo Aeroméxico bought 49% for PLM. After 10 years the program returned to GAM.

In April 2023, Grupo Aeroméxico made a transformation changing the brand’s name to Aeroméxico Rewards.

Members
Aeroméxico Rewards has more than 7.5 million members. The Members can earn points with Aeroméxico, SkyTeam airlines, and Alaska, LAN and Copa Airlines, hotels and car rental, and in other establishments, focused on travel.

Aeroméxico Rewards has different business partners, such as Uber, Linio, Cadillac, etc., which can accumulate and use Aeroméxico Rewards Points.

Aeroméxico Rewards has "co-branded" cards with American Express, Santander in Mexico and U.S. Bank in the United States.

Gallery

References

External links
Official website (US English version)

Customer loyalty programs
Frequent flyer programs
Aeroméxico


title: A History of the Future (novel)

text:
A History of the Future is the third installment in American author and social critic James Howard Kunstler's A World Made by Hand series. As Christmas Day approaches, a double murder challenges an improvised justice system, and a young man returns after a two-year journey with his own story to tell.

It is the third book in a novel series that includes The Witch of Hebron (2010) and The Harrows of Spring (2016).

References

2014 American novels
Dystopian novels
Novels set in New York (state)
Atlantic Monthly Press books


title: Obsesión

text:
Obsesión (Spanish "obsession") or plural Obsesiones, may refer to:

Film and TV
Obsesión (telenovela), 1967 telenovela
Obsesión (1996 TV series), (es) featuring Santiago Magill, Gianella Neyra, Diego Bertie, Carlos Alcántara Vilar, Christian Meier
Obsesión (2005 TV series), (es) featuring Mario Casas, Cristina Peña
Obsesión de venganza  1987 film
Obsesión, 2004 short film nominated at Spain's 14th Goya Awards 2004
Obsesión 2010 filmography Scott Shaw

Music
Obsesión (Mexican band), Monterrey band with which Myriam Montemayor Cruz sung
Obsesión (Cuban band) hip hop duo
Obsesión, classical composition by Jesús Rueda (composer) 2004

Albums
Obsesión (Los Freddys album), Mexico 1969
Obsesión (Sangre Azul album), Spain
Obsesión (Miguel Mateos album), Argentina
Obsesión (Daniela Castillo album), Chile 2006
Obsesión, album by Los Palominos 2000 Latin Grammy Award for Best Tejano Album
Obsesiones, 12th album by Mexican pop singer Yuri 1992

Songs

Obsesión (Pedro Flores song) "Por alto que esté el cielo", 1935, covered by Los Freddys, Spanish Harlem Orchestra, Julio Iglesias, and others
Obsesión (Aventura song) "Son las cinco de la manana y yo no he dormido nada", 2003, covered by Freddy J, Lucenzo (Tropical Family)
"Obsesión", song by Los Palominos ("No se como has podido tu entrar al fondo de mi alma") from  Obsesión (Los Palaminos album)
"Obsesión", single from Obsesión (Sangre Azul album)
"Obsesión", single from Obsesión (Miguel Mateos album) "Tan sólo dime que me amas", covered by Jennifer Batten, Mayré Martínez
"Obsesión", single from Obsesión (Daniela Castillo album) "Quiero ser la danza dentro de tu mente"
"Obsesión", song by Delirious? from Libertad (Delirious? album), rewritten by Martin Smith from English original "Obsession"
"Obsesión", song by Mexican pop singer Ana Gabriel "Te quiero ver Ya no dejo de pensar en ti" from album Soy como soy
"Obsesión", song by Magneto from Siempre (Magneto album) "Estoy tirado en un sillón me aburre la televisión"
"Obsesión", song by Argentinian singer-songwriter Alejandro Lerner from Enojado 2007
"Obsesión", song from Lorena Herrera album Sobrevivire 2003

See also
Obsession (disambiguation)


title: Paul Woolley (historian)

text:
Paul Woolley (16 March 1902 – 17 March 1984) was professor of Church history at Westminster Theological Seminary from its inception in 1929 until his retirement in 1977.

Woolley studied at Princeton University and Princeton Theological Seminary. He was a minister of the Presbyterian Church in the United States of America, but left to form the Orthodox Presbyterian Church in 1936.

In 1982, a Festschrift was published in his honor. John Calvin: His Influence in the Western World () was edited by W. Stanford Reid and included contributions from Robert Godfrey, Philip Edgcumbe Hughes, George Marsden, and R. T. Kendall.

The Paul Woolley Chair of Church History at Westminster Theological Seminary is named in his honor.

References

1902 births
1984 deaths
Historians of Christianity
Princeton University alumni
Princeton Theological Seminary alumni
Westminster Theological Seminary faculty
Orthodox Presbyterian Church ministers
20th-century American historians
American historians of religion
20th-century American clergy


title: The Twelve Chairs (1971 film)

text:
The Twelve Chairs () is a 1971 Soviet comedy film directed by Leonid Gaidai. It is an adaptation of Ilf and Petrov's 1928 novel The Twelve Chairs.

Plot
Ostap Bender, shortly after arriving in Stargorod, meets Ippolit "Kisa" Vorobyaninov, a Marshal of Nobility who's looking for a set of 12 chairs that belonged to his mother-in-law, who on her deathbed confesses of hiding diamonds in one of them. However, the confession is overheard by Father Fyodor, who is also looking for them. Ostap and Kisa decide to go on the search together, traveling all around Russia and having a series of misadventures.

Cast
 Archil Gomiashvili as Ostap Bender (voiced by Yuri Sarantsev; singing voice by Valeri Zolotukhin; in some scenes speaks in his own voice)
 Sergey Filippov as Ippolit Matveyevich "Kisa" Vorobyaninov
 Mikhail Pugovkin as Father Fyodor, priest
 Natalya Krachkovskaya as Madame Gritsatsuyeva
 Igor Yasulovich as Ernest Shchukin, engineer
 Natalya Vorobyova as Ellochka Shchukina, Ernest Shchukin's wife
 Klara Rumyanova as Katerina Aleksandrovna, Father Fyodor's wife
 Natalya Varley as Yelizaveta "Liza" Petrovna (voiced by Nadezhda Rumyantseva)
 Georgy Vitsin as fitter Mechnikov
 Savely Kramarov as one-eyed chess player
Radner Muratov as first chess player
 Viktor Pavlov as Kolya, Liza's husband
 Gotlib Roninson as chairman Kislyarsky
 Roman Filippov as poet Nikifor Lyapis-Trubetskoy
 Grigory Shpigel as Aleksandr Yakovlevich
 Yuri Nikulin as janitor Tikhon
 Glikeriya Bogdanova-Chesnokova as Yelena Stanislavovna Bour
 Vladimir Etush as Andrei Bruns
Nina Grebeshkova as Musik, Bruns' wife
Alexander Khvylya as Vakkhanyuk
Nina Agapova as soloist of theater "Kolumb"
Rina Zelyonaya as editor of youth problem magazine "Groom and Bride"
Irina Murzaeva as guide of furniture craftsmanship museum
Yevdokiya Urusova as Klavdiya Ivanovna Petukhova, Kisa's mother-in-law
Erast Garin as theater critic
 Leonid Gaidai as Varfolomey Korobeinikov (uncredited)
 Rostislav Plyatt as Narrator (uncredited)
Stanislav Sadalsky as fireman in theater "Kolumb" (uncredited)

References

External links

1971 comedy films
1971 films
Films about con artists
Films based on Russian novels
Films directed by Leonid Gaidai
Films scored by Aleksandr Zatsepin
Films set in 1927
Films set in Russia
Films set in the Soviet Union
Films shot in Baku
Films shot in Moscow
Films shot in the North Caucasus
Films shot in Yaroslavl Oblast
Films with live action and animation

Ilf and Petrov
Mosfilm films
Russian comedy films
Soviet comedy films
1970s Russian-language films


title: Ramgopal Mancha

text:
Ramgopal Mancha  is a theatre auditorium located in Howrah, West Bengal, India. It is owned by Howrah Sanskrit Sahitya Samaj and named after one of the founders of Howrah Sanskrit Sahitya Samaj - Pundit Ramgopal Mukhopadhyay Smritiratna.

The hall has Air Conditioning facility, capacity is about 300. Many theatre troops perform here regularly, namely, Natadha, Kolkata Romroma, 4th Bell Theatres, Theatre Formation Paribartak, Howrah Anubhash, Manchak etc.

External links
Website of Howrah Sanskrit Sahitya Samaj: http://www.hsss.org.in

Bengali theatre
Bengali culture
Culture of Kolkata
Theatres in Kolkata


title: Aimia (company)

text:
Aimia is an investment holding company with a focus on long-term investments in public and private companies, on a global basis, through controlling or minority stakes, and is based in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It is publicly listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange.

The company was founded in 1984. It operates a number of businesses. The company also provides data analytics services and consulting to clients in a range of industries, including financial services, retail, and travel.

Aimia has a global presence, with operations in North America, Europe, and Asia.

History
Aimia (then Group Aeroplan Inc) was incorporated on May 5, 2008, succeeding Aeroplan Income Fund which was incorporated in 2005. From October 5, 2011, it conducted business under the Aimia brand name and on May 4, 2012, formally changed its name to Aimia Inc.

Business structure

The company operates an investment advisory business through its wholly owned subsidiary Mittleman Investment Management, LLC, and owns a diversified portfolio of valuable investments.

General development of the business
2005: Aeroplan completes its IPO as an income trust.

2007: LMG acquisition includes Nectar and LMG's Insight and Communication (I&C) business. Air Miles Middle East is also acquired.

2008: Aeroplan becomes Groupe Aeroplan.

2009: Carlson Marketing is acquired.

2010: Groupe Aeroplan launches Nectar Italia and invests in Club Premier.

September 2011: Acquisition of minority equity position in Cardlytics.

October 2011: Groupe Aeroplan becomes Aimia.

September 2012: Aimia and Sainsbury's form Insights 2 Communication LLP ("i2c"), a joint venture which offers suppliers multi-channel marketing solutions in and around Sainsbury's stores and online.

September 2012: Aimia acquires EIM – Excellence in Motivation.

November 2012: Aimia and Points International Ltd., owner and operator of the loyalty platform Points.com, entered into a binding agreement to make a minority investment in China Rewards, a Shanghai-based retail coalition loyalty program start-up.

2013: Aimia acquires Smart Button and 100% of Nectar Italia. Aimia also invests in ChinaRewards and launches Axis Bank.

September 2013: Aimia entered into ten-year financial credit card agreements in Canada with TD and CIBC banks, effective from January 1, 2014.

February 2014: Aimia, AirAsia and Think Big Digital formed a partnership to grow the AirAsia BIG Loyalty Program.

April 2014: Aimia acquired a 25% stake in Travel Club (Spain), becoming a joint owner of Travel Club alongside Iberia, Repsol and Eroski.

August 2014: Aimia formed a partnership with Fractal Analytics, a provider of advanced analytics.

December 2014: Aimia acquired Zed Inc. Ltd., a provider of SaaS behavioural segmentation solutions and consulting services focused on store management, ecommerce, buying and merchandising, and product category management.

May 2017: Air Canada announced it plans to launch a new loyalty program to replace Aeroplan as its loyalty program in 2020.

January 2018: Sainsbury's announced that it had paid £60m for the acquisition of the shares of Aimia Inc's UK business, to include all assets, colleagues, systems and licences required for the full and independent operation of the Nectar loyalty programme in the UK.

July 2018: Air Canada, TD Bank, CIBC, and Visa make an offer to buy Aeroplan from Aimia.

August 2018: Aimia rejects the offer from Air Canada, TD Bank, CIBC, and Visa, and unveils 3 new airline partners to replace Air Canada: Porter Airlines, Air Transat and Flair Airlines.
On August 21, 2018, Aimia agreed to sell Aeroplan to Air Canada, TD Bank, CIBC and Visa.

November 2018: Aimia signs definitive agreement to sell Aeroplan to Air Canada, TD Bank, CIBC, and Visa for $450 million in cash.

January 2019: Aimia completes sale of Aeroplan to Air Canada

August 2019: Aimia sells slightly over 50% of its stake (1.5 million shares from 2.978 million shares) in Cardlytics for $60 million.

April 2020: Aimia announces a corporate transformation from a loyalty solutions business to an investment holding company

References

External links
 Aimia page on Toronto Stock Exchange website

Companies listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange


title: Kendall Durelle Briggs

text:
Kendall Durelle Briggs is an American composer of classical music and music theorist. He is a professor of music theory, music history and analysis at the Juilliard School in New York City. He is considered an authority on common practice harmony and counterpoint and has authored two books on the subject, The Language and Materials of Music and Tonal Counterpoint. He is a recipient of the Charles Ives Prize in composition from The Academy of Arts and Letters.

Biography
Briggs was born in Salt Lake City, Utah, and grew up in Seattle, Washington. He was first exposed to music by his mother, a classical pianist. He later studied the cello as well. He attended Pacific Lutheran University, where he received a bachelor's degree in composition, and later went on to study at the Juilliard School, where he received his master’s and doctoral degrees. He joined the faculty of The Juilliard School in 1994.

He has studied with renowned pedagogues Maurice Skones, conductor of Choir of the West; composer David Diamond; Mary Anthony Cox; and Charles Jones.

Works

Notable works include:

 Rhapsody for Cello and Orchestra ". . . a riveder le stelle"
 Sonata for Flute and Piano
 Sonata for Cello and Piano
 Sonata for French Horn and Piano
 Sonata for Trumpet and Piano
 Sonata for Viola and Piano
 Sonatine for Flute and Piano
 Sonatine for Piano 4-Hands
 Petite Suite for Piano, Violin, Cello
 Serenade for Chamber Orchestra
 Suite for Orchestra
 Symphony No. 1
 Symphony No. 2
 Symphony No. 3
 Sinfonietta for String Orchestra
 6 Suites for Solo Cello
 6 Preludes for Piano

Awards

Discography

References

External links
Official website of Kendall Durelle Briggs
Kendall Durelle Briggs biography at Juilliard School website

20th-century classical composers
21st-century classical composers
American male classical composers
American classical composers
Juilliard School alumni
Juilliard School faculty
Living people
21st-century American composers
20th-century American composers
20th-century American male musicians
21st-century American male musicians
Year of birth missing (living people)
Musicians from Salt Lake City


title: Hari Anand Barari

text:
Hari Anand Barari (1 April 1929 – 10 January 2016) was an Indian Intelligence Bureau officer who served as its director between November 1984 and March 1987. Upon his retirement from the service, he was appointed as the Governor of Haryana on 22 February 1988 and remained in office till 6 February 1990. He was born in Bikrampur in 1929. Barari died on 10 January 2016, at the age of 86.

See also
List of governors of Haryana

References

External links
 Hari Anand Barari

1929 births
2016 deaths
Governors of Haryana


title: Listed buildings in Gentofte Municipality

text:
This is a list of listed buildings in Gentofte Municipality, Denmark.

The list

2820 Gentofte

2870 Dyssegård

2900 Hellerup

2920 Charlottenlund

2930 Klampenborg

See also
 List of churches in Gentofte Municipality

References

External links

 Danish Agency of Culture
 Kulturmiljøer

Gentofte


title: 2015 NASCAR Xfinity Series

text:
The 2015 NASCAR Xfinity Series was the 34th season of the NASCAR Xfinity Series, the second-tier professional stock car racing series sanctioned by NASCAR in the United States. It began with the Alert Today Florida 300 at Daytona International Speedway on February 21, and ended with the Ford EcoBoost 300 at Homestead-Miami Speedway on November 21. Chase Elliott entered the 2015 season as the defending series champion. Chris Buescher won the championship.
The 2015 season marked two major changes; Comcast's cable brand Xfinity replaced Nationwide Insurance as title sponsor of the series, while Fox, Fox Sports 1, NBC and NBCSN broadcast the series' races, replacing the ESPN networks and ABC.

Teams and drivers

Complete schedule

Limited schedule

Notes

Driver and team changes

 Kevin Harvick, Kasey Kahne, and 2014 K&N Pro Series East champion Ben Rhodes moved to the No. 88 with Dale Earnhardt Jr. for JR Motorsports. Kahne also drove a single race in the No. 5.
 Austin Dillon ran the majority of the Xfinity races for RCR in the No. 33. Brandon Jones ran part-time.
 With Turner Scott Motorsports disbanding, Kyle Larson and ARCA Racing Series driver Brennan Poole shared the No. 42 Camaro under the Chip Ganassi Racing banner, while Dylan Kwasniewski left the team.
 Daniel Suárez began running a full schedule in 2015 for Joe Gibbs Racing in the No. 18 Toyota Camry.
 Elliott Sadler ran the full 2015 schedule with Roush Fenway Racing in the No. 1 Ford Mustang.
 Bubba Wallace moved up from the Camping World Truck Series to run the full 2015 schedule with Roush Fenway Racing in No. 6 Ford Mustang, replacing Trevor Bayne.
 Athenian Motorsports's Xfinity program switched to Chevrolet and moved up full-time, with John Wes Townley running at least 18 races. Dylan Lupton, runner up in the 2014 NASCAR K&N Pro Series West, drove the No. 25 Chevrolet in 7 races.
 Eric McClure departed TriStar Motorsports for a full-time seat with JGL Racing. McClure used the number 24, which he previously used with Front Row Motorsports and Team Rensi Motorsports, while the team switched to Toyota. McClure would return to TriStar after 9 races with JGL, bringing the No. 24 with him, at which time Mike Bliss departed the team; McClure inherited his owner points (JGL retained the owner points McClure scored in the first nine races and reassigned them to the No. 26) while the No. 19 was reassigned to the start-and-park team and Jeff Green.
 Cale Conley ran the full season for TriStar Motorsports after running part-time with Richard Childress Racing in 2014. Conley replaced McClure in the No. 14 Camry. However, Conley failed to complete the season after sponsorship dried up.
 Blake Koch started running full-time for TriStar in the No. 8 Camry after running the team's 10, 44, and 91 cars in 2014.
 David Starr ran full-time for TriStar Motorsports in the No. 44 Toyota after running 13 races for the team in 2014.
 Ross Chastain started racing full-time JD Motorsports in the No. 4 Chevrolet, replacing Jeffrey Earnhardt. Earnhardt would move to Viva Motorsports, splitting the ride with Jamie Dick.
 Harrison Rhodes competed for Rookie of the Year honors with JD Motorsports, driving the No. 0 Chevrolet.

Schedule

The 2015 schedule was announced on August 26, 2014.

Results and standings

Races

Drivers' championship

(key) Bold - Pole position awarded by time. Italics - Pole position set by final practice results or rainout. * – Most laps led. 1 – Post entry, driver and owner did not score points.

Owners' championship (Top 15)
(key) Bold - Pole position awarded by time. Italics - Pole position set by final practice results or rainout. * – Most laps led.

Manufacturers' championship

See also
 2015 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series
 2015 NASCAR Camping World Truck Series
 2015 ARCA Racing Series
 2015 NASCAR K&N Pro Series East
 2015 NASCAR K&N Pro Series West
 2015 NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour
 2015 NASCAR Whelen Southern Modified Tour
 2015 NASCAR Canadian Tire Series
 2015 NASCAR Mexico Series
 2015 NASCAR Whelen Euro Series

References

NASCAR Xfinity Series seasons


title: Robert David Lion Gardiner

text:
Robert David Lion Gardiner (February 25, 1911 – August 23, 2004), was the last heir to Gardiner's Island to have the surname "Gardiner". (His sister's daughter, Alexandra Creel Goelet was co-owner, until his death, and is now sole owner.) He was the 16th Lord of the Manor.

Early life
Gardiner was born in New York City on February 25, 1911. Gardiner was raised by a single mother, and continued to live with her, in Manhattan.

He attended St. George's School in Newport, Rhode Island. He attended Columbia College and graduated in 1934. He then attended New York University School of Law.

Career
He served as a lieutenant in the United States Navy in the South West Pacific theatre during World War II. Gardiner worked on Wall Street, for the Empire Trust Company and owned a 42-acre shopping center in Islip, New York.

Gardiner family properties
He and his sister Alexandra Gardiner Creel inherited Gardiner's Island from their aunt, Sarah Diodati Gardiner, when she died in 1953. Gardiner had long-running disputes with his sister, and her daughter, Alexandra Creel Goelet. Goelet and her husband were conservationists, while Gardiner was an enthusiastic hunter.

From 1953, when Gardiner and his sister inherited the Island, until 1977, the Island's operating costs had been covered by a trust set up by the aunt from whom they inherited the property. Due to their disputes, Gardiner refused to contribute to the taxes and other costs of maintaining the property–which, at that time, were more than $1 million per year. He didn't contribute for over a decade. They, in turn, went to court to bar him from visiting the property.

In 1971 Representative Otis Pike proposed a bill to expropriate Gardiners Island, to turn it into a Federal National Monument. Gardiner complained that the proposal to expropriate his family's property  was unfair, when the Rockefeller family had been allowed to continue to own their Pocantico Hills estate.

Gardiner also inherited Sagtikos Manor, a 10-acre heritage property on Long Island.  Gardiner inherited the property, which had been in his family since the 18th century, in the 1930s.  Gardiner and his wife Eunice used the property as their primary residence for several years, early in their marriage. In 1963, when the Sagtikos Manor Historical Society was founded, the Gardiners stopped using it as their primary residence, let the Historical Society use part of the structure, but insisted the Historical Society reserve a suite for him. The property was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in the 1970s.  In 1986 Gardiner transferred ownership of the property to the nonprofit Robert David Lion Gardiner Foundation.

Today, Sagtikos Manor stands as a small museum rich in historical value to the American Revolution and its era onward.

Personal life
In 1961, Gardiner married Eunice Bailey Oakes (1928–2011), a former British model, at St. Thomas Church on Fifth Avenue in Manhattan. Eunice, who was previously married to William Pitt Oakes (a son of Sir Harry Oakes, William died of an overdose at 28), was significantly younger than he was, but the couple's marriage yielded no children.
In the 1980s Gardiner tried to adopt a distant relative, so he would have an heir who could continue inherit his share of the Island, and keep it in the Gardiner name. But those efforts failed, since he was looking for a relative who was already wealthy, who, nevertheless, would agree to his conditions as to how Gardiner's Island was managed, after his death.

His niece, Alexandra Creel Goelet, had already inherited his sister's half of the estate, and inherited Gardiner's half upon his death through court. Gardiner and his niece were estranged. They engaged in arduous litigation against one another over the Gardiner Estate's fund and ownership of equity such as Gardiner's Island and Sagtikos Manor which had originally been meant to be preserved for the family's history.

In popular culture
The long running dispute between Gardiner and his niece formed part of the background to Chrystle Fiedler's 2015 mystery novel Garden of Death.

References

1911 births
2004 deaths
St. George's School (Rhode Island) alumni
New York University School of Law alumni
Columbia College (New York) alumni
Gardiner family
United States Navy officers


title: Asanterabi Malima

text:
Asanterabi Malima (born 30 September 1979) is a Tanzanian researcher.

Early life and education
Malima was born in Dar es Salaam. He was educated at Azania Secondary and Aga Khan High schools.

Personal life
He is the son of former Tanzanian Finance Minister Kighoma Malima and the brother of the incumbent Deputy Finance Minister Adam Malima.

References

External links

1979 births
Living people
Tanzanian scientists
Azania Secondary School alumni
Aga Khan Mzizima Secondary School alumni
Northeastern University alumni