title: Deane Winthrop

text:
Deane Winthrop (23 March 1623 – 16 March 1704) was the sixth son (the third son by his father's third marriage) of the English Puritan colonist John Winthrop, a founder and the 2nd, 6th, 9th and 12th Governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. His mother was Margaret Tyndal. He was named after his mother's half-brother, Sir John Deane. He outlived all of his full and half-siblings. There is no known portrait of him.

Deane was born in the village of Groton in Suffolk, England. At the age of 12, he departed London, England with his older brother John Winthrop the Younger, age 29, on the ship the Abigail in July 1635. He later settled and farmed in an area of the Town of Boston known as Pullen Point (Pulling Point), part of the area known to the native Massachusett tribe as Winnisimmet, which is today the Town of Winthrop, Massachusetts.

Plantation of Groton

In the 1650s, he was involved in the project of settlement in the Nashoba Valley that became known as the Plantation of Groton (1655), named in honor of his birthplace where his father, John Winthrop, was Lord of the Manor. The area of the Plantation today comprises the Massachusetts towns of Groton, Ayer, almost all of Pepperell and Shirley, large parts of Dunstable, Littleton, and Tyngsborough plus smaller parts of Harvard and Westford, as well as Nashua, New Hampshire and Hollis, New Hampshire. Deane served as one of the original selectmen of the settlement, but his permanent residence was always Pullen Point.

Deane Winthrop House

The Deane Winthrop House located in what is now Winthrop, Massachusetts is the site of Deane's first house. The land of the site was first granted in 1637 to Captain William Pierce (1595–1641), a renowned mariner and slave trader. Pierce (also spelled Peirce, Pearce, Pearse, etc. in various records) built a house on his land sometime after 1638. Deane acquired the house with its farm in 1647. He later rebuilt most of the house in 1675. This house is still intact and is maintained as a both a single family home and a museum. It is one of the oldest extent wood frame houses in the country. It is also the oldest continuously inhabited house in the United States.

Personal life

Like most settlers in the Massachusetts Bay Colony, Deane was a Puritan Christian who dissented from certain practices retained by the Church of England. At the age of 25, he married Sarah Glover (1629–1684), daughter of the Rev. Jose Glover, and sister of his brother Adam Winthrop's wife in 1648. They had nine children together: Deane (b. 15 June 1651, died in infancy); Deane, again, (b. 6 Sept. 1653, died young); John (b. 1655, died young); Sarah (b. 11 February 1657); Margaret (b. 25 July 1660) who married Jotham Grover and had children; Elizabeth (b. 9 July  1663) who married Captain Samuel Kent and had children; Jose (b. 3 May 1666., d. 15 November 1702, aged 36, no children); Priscilla (b. 1 May 1669) who married Eliab Adams and had children; Mercy (b. 18 January 1673) who married Atherton Hough on 11 January 1700 and had children.

Deane's first wife, Sarah, died in 1684 at the age of about 55. In the same year, at the age of 61, he married Martha Mellows (1625–1716), aged 59. She was the widow of Captain John Mellows (or Mellhouse) of Boston. Deane also owned three slaves of African origin. They are mentioned by name in his will of 1702 as: Marrear, Primas, and a child named Robbin.

Deane died on 16 March 1704 just a week before his 81st birthday in Pullen Point. He was buried on 20 March in the Rumney Marsh Burying Ground which is located in what is today Revere, Massachusetts and is still maintained.
Samuel Sewall (1652–1730) attended the funeral. Sewall was a prominent judge, businessman, and printer in Massachusetts Bay Colony. He is notorious for his involvement in the Salem Witch Trials of 1692–1693 (for which he later apologized). He provides this account of Deane Winthrop's burial in his diary:

"March 16, 1703/4 Mr Deane Winthrop, of Pulling Point, dies upon his Birthday, just about the Breaking of it. He was Taken at eight aclock the evening before, as he sat in his chair, sunk first, being set up, he vomited, complained of his head, which were almost his last words. Hardly spake anything after his being in bed. 81 years old. He is the last of Govr Winthrop's children... statione novissimus exit. March 20. is buried at Pulling Point by his son and three Daughters. [Pall] Bearers [were] Russel, Cooke; Hutchinson, Sewall; Townsend, Paige. From the House of Hasey. Scutcheons on the Pall. I help'd lower the Corps into the Grave. Madam Paige went in her Coach. Majr. Genl. and Capt. Adam Winthrop had Scarvs, and led the widow. Very pleasant day; went by Winnisimmet."

Sewall quotes a Latin phrase from Ovid in his Metamorphoses 2.115 " ...statione novissimus exit." This translates as "he, last of all, leaves his station." The "he" in Ovid's poem refers to the Morning Star (Venus) disappearing at dawn. This is an allusion to Deane as the last child of John Winthrop to die. There were six pall bearers (in pairs on either side of the casket) mentioned by surname. The "scutcheons" mentioned on the funeral pall over the casket refer to his coat of arms inherited from his father (see entry below). Deane's "son" that Sewall refers to may have been Deane's stepson, a son of Martha and her first husband, as none of Deane's biological sons survived childhood except Jose. Jose however died two years before Dean not having fathered children. Deane's descendants survive only in the female line.

His widow and second wife, Martha, died just under 12 years later in Boston on 22 January 1716, aged 90.

Coat of arms

Deane Winthrop used the same coat of arms as his father John Winthrop as displayed here. These arms appear today on the Deane Winthrop House and are also used as the coat of arms for Winthrop House at Harvard University. The heraldic blazon of arms is: Argent three chevronels Gules overall a lion rampant Sable.

Name of the Town of Winthrop

The Town of Winthrop, Massachusetts was incorporated in 1852 after separating from what was then known as North Chelsea and is today known as  Revere, Massachusetts. It is a long-standing and understandable myth that the town was named in honor of Deane Winthrop, who resided in what is now the town for his entire adult life. However, while his presence in what is now the Town of Winthrop may have influenced its naming when it incorporated, the town is in fact named after his far more famous father, John Winthrop, as the town's website also confirms.

References

1623 births
1704 deaths
People from colonial Boston
People from Babergh District
Winthrop, Massachusetts
Winthrop family


title: Grain Malunga

text:
Grain Malunga served as a Member of Parliament for Chikwawa North Constituency between May 2009 and May 2014. He served as Minister of Natural Resources, Energy and Environment in Malawi from June 2009 to August 2011. He was Principal Secretary for Ministry of Irrigation and Water Development, from August 2005 to January 2007, after serving as Secretary for Industry Science and Technology from August 2004 to August 2005.

He is a member of several professional bodies. He is a Fellow of the Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining (No. 49933), Member of the National Geographic Society (No. 404353062), United States, He is a founding member of Geological Society of Malawi and served as Secretary General from 1999 to 2001 and Vice President from 2001 to 2003.

In the cabinet, he served as chairperson for Cabinet Committee on Natural Resources, Energy and Environment and a member of Cabinet Committees on “Economy and Public Sector Reforms”, “Local Government and Rural Transformation” and “Agriculture and Food Security”.

In the Parliament, he served as Chairperson for Commerce, Industry and Tourism and member of parliamentary committees on “Transport and Public Works” and “Defence and Security”.

Grain wrote two books titled “Earth Science and Human Geography for Malawi”  in 2013 and “An Analysis of Mineral Resources of Malawi”  in 2014.

References

Members of the National Assembly (Malawi)
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Fellows of the Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining


title: The Other Kids

text:
The Other Kids was an American alternative pop band formed in Madison, Wisconsin in 1985 by Steve Watson (lead vocals, guitars), Allyn Watson (bass, vocals), and Chris Fink (drums, vocals). One of the most popular Madison rock bands of the mid-to-late 80s, The Other Kids disbanded in 1992, just as the alternative pop sound they were known for began to break into the commercial mainstream. The Milwaukee Shepherd called The Other Kids "probably Wisconsin's best classic pop-rock band, working those Alex Chiltonesque melodies together with empathetic intelligent lyrics, edgy guitars and a solid beat." The band's sound was a melodic mixture of power chords influenced by classic bands like The Who and the pure, guitar pop of The Hollies.

The Other Kids released three albums—Living In The Mirror (1985), Happy Home (1986) and Grin (1990)--on Boat Records, an independent label owned by the Madison band, Spooner. Most of The Other Kids' work was produced by Butch Vig, then the drummer for Spooner and owner of Smart Studios, where the band recorded all three albums. In 1997, five years after the band’s demise, the band's original analog tapes were remastered and released as a double-disk anthology called Neverland. UK magazine Bucketfull of Brains called Neverland "an almost flawless collection (25 tracks and no filler), obscure, outstanding and excellent." The Big Takeover called the album, “a feast of crunchy tunes with superb harmonies, most of them on level with the best work of better known power-pop bands such as the Raspberries, Shoes, and the dB's."

Since Neverland, The Other Kids' songs have been reissued various times, including a Japanese "best of" CD in 2005. In 2007, Chicago's Smog Veil Records began distributing The Other Kids' work on iTunes and other download services.

In 2016 The Other Kids' song ″Madtown″ was featured in The Smart Studios Story, a documentary about the famous Madison recording studio where the band recorded all their work. The song subsequently appeared on the vinyl-only LP soundtrack, American Noise Vol 1: Smart Studios Era, released for Black Friday Record Store Day, November, 2016.

Members
Steve Watson: Lead Vocals, Guitars

Allyn Watson: Bass, Vocals

Christopher Fink: Drums, Vocals

External Resources
The Other Kids Official Website

References

Musical groups from Wisconsin
Culture of Madison, Wisconsin
Musical groups established in 1985
1985 establishments in Wisconsin


title: José Mendes (cyclist)

text:
José João Pimenta Costa Mendes (born 24 April 1985 in Guimarães) is a Portuguese cyclist, who rides for UCI Continental team . He is a two-time winner of the Portuguese National Road Race Championships, in 2016 and 2019.

Major results
Source:

2003
 1st  Time trial, National Junior Road Championships
2005
 2nd Time trial, National Under-23 Road Championships
2008
 9th Overall Tour de Luxembourg
 10th Overall Vuelta a Chihuahua
2009
 3rd Time trial, National Road Championships
 3rd Circuit de Lorraine
2010
 1st Stage 3 Troféu Joaquim Agostinho
2012
 6th Overall Troféu Joaquim Agostinho
2014
 7th Vuelta a Murcia
2015
 3rd Time trial, National Road Championships
 5th Overall Critérium International
 5th Overall Coppa Bernocchi
 6th Overall Giro del Trentino
1st Stage 1 (TTT)
2016
 National Road Championships
1st  Road race
2nd Time trial
 6th Overall Tour of Norway
 7th Overall Tour of Slovenia
2017
 4th Time trial, National Road Championships
2018
 6th Overall Troféu Joaquim Agostinho
2019
 1st  Road race, National Road Championships
2023
 5th Overall Aziz Shusha
 6th Overall Tour of Malopolska
 6th The Tour Oqtosh-Chorvoq-Mountain
 7th Tour of Bostonliq II

Grand Tour general classification results timeline

References

External links
 Profile - Team Bora Argon 18

1985 births
Living people
Portuguese male cyclists
Cyclists at the 2016 Summer Olympics
Olympic cyclists for Portugal
Sportspeople from Guimarães
Portuguese expatriate sportspeople in the Philippines


title: Sons of Malta

text:
The Independent Order of the Sons of Malta was a fraternal order active in the mid-nineteenth century. Its initiation rites parodied more staid fraternal orders such as the Freemasons.

Origin
The origins of the Sons of Malta are obscure and contentious.

B. J. Griswold's 1917 The Pictorial History of Fort Wayne, Indiana, states, "A secret society, known as the 'Sons of Malta,' with local lodges in many of the larger American cities, was organized in 1856 by A. G. Barnett and Morton Taylor....The Fort Wayne lodge enrolled many of the prominent men of the day. It was instituted by General Stedman [sic] of Toledo, Ohio."
 Griswold may have meant to convey that Steedman instituted the Fort Wayne lodge and that Barnett and Taylor did the actual organizational work necessary to launch that particular lodge (or may have meant to convey something else entirely), but the apparent implication that Barnett and Taylor originated the Sons of Malta as an organization was repeated explicitly in the endnotes to More of a Man: Diaries of a Scottish Craftsman in Mid-Nineteenth-Century North America,  though they curiously did not cite The Pictorial History of Fort Wayne, or any other source that (implicitly or explicitly) did so.
 In the Fort Wayne Sentinel of February 15, 1890, Dr. W. H. Brooks confirms that "the Sons of Malta had been in existence for a number of years and its branches had been pretty widely scattered among the larger cities in America before a lodge was established in Fort Wayne," as well as that A. G. Barnett was a member of the Fort Wayne lodge.

The entry for the Sons of Malta in the 1899 Encyclopedia of the History of St. Louis  states that they were, "A mystic society, which came into existence in St. Louis in 1855, and which about the same time seems to have been represented in nearly all the larger, and many of the smaller, cities of the country. It is said to have originated in Mobile, Alabama, once the queen of mystic society cities, and to have been, in a sense, an outgrowth of Mardi Gras festivities."
 The "mystic societies" of Mobile originally paraded on New Year's Eve and continued to do so until 1861, so any connection of the Sons of Malta to Mobile had nothing to do with Mardi Gras festivities (the first Mardi Gras parading secret society, the Mystick Krewe of Comus, was founded in New Orleans in 1856 and first paraded in 1857.)

An account more contemporary with the origins of the Sons of Malta, though still more than thirty years after the fact, was provided by "old-time newspaper man" Phocion Howard in 1886: "When the yellow fever for the first time became sporadic in New Orleans, when white, creole, and black by the hundreds were dying every day, A. L. Saunders continued publication of the Delta, and filled it with wit and humor so as to divert the minds from the sad visitation. And when that failed he sent his own pilot-boat over to Mobile and brought John Forsyth, editor of the Mobile Register, to New Orleans, and the two originated the I. O. S. M.—Independent Order of the Sons of Malta. Even at that early date all the South was inoculated with the idea of filibustering...Mr. Saunders has often told me that in a house on Canal street where he and Forsyth wrote the ritual for the Sons of Malta, there were then five yellow-fever corpses. Having perfected the ritual, which was as prettily written as anything could be, having for its object "the wresting from the dominion of Spain the Gem of the Antilles and setting it in the diadem of Southern chivalry," a call was published for volunteers to go to Cuba. Under this excitement of war the lower classes forgot their griefs and became joyous and happy...That was the beginning of the ill-fated Lopez expeditions..."

In assessing Howard's report of Saunders' claims, the following should be taken into account:
 Narciso López's first Cuban expedition took place in September 1849; his final invasion was in August 1851, resulting in his execution on September 1, 1851.
 The Daily Delta and its editor, Laurent J. Sigur, were indeed noted for their support of filibustering in general and López in particular (Sigur was Colonel of a battalion that was supposed to take part in López's final invasion of Cuba); but any suspicion of direct involvement by A. L. Saunders in organizing or rallying support for the López expeditions seems to have gone completely unrecorded.
 A. L. Saunders was, however, a prominent figure in the subsequent attempts, starting in 1853, by John A. Quitman to organize an invasion of Cuba; this attempt started to fizzle out in 1854 after the Federal government took steps to more strictly enforce the 1818 Neutrality Act, making participating or investing in filibusters potentially riskier and less rewarding. Among these steps was a grand jury investigation of rumored preparations for filibuster invasions of Cuba before which Saunders (as well as Quitman and López associate John Sidney Thrasher, publisher of the New Orleans newspaper The Beacon of Cuba) refused to testify. They were subsequently required to post bond of $3,000 each as a pledge against violating the Neutrality Act for nine months, which they did under protest (the protests being published in the Delta of July 4, 1854). Saunders subsequently went to Kentucky, where he claimed a thousand men could be raised for an invasion. There is no indication extant that Saunders' attempts to aid Quitman were anything but earnest.
 It's difficult to determine what year Mr. Howard might have meant by that in which "the yellow fever for the first time became sporadic in New Orleans." There were no recorded deaths from yellow fever in 1821, but from 1822 (237 recorded deaths from yellow fever) to the peak year of 1853 (7849 deaths), there were only five years in which recorded yellow fever deaths were in the single digits, with year to year recorded deaths swinging wildly: 452 recorded deaths in 1839, 3 recorded deaths in 1840, 594 recorded deaths in 1841, 211 recorded deaths in 1842, 487 recorded deaths in 1843, 83 recorded deaths in 1844, 2 recorded deaths in 1845, 146 recorded deaths in 1846, 2306 recorded deaths in 1847, 808 recorded deaths in 1848, 769 recorded deaths in 1849, 107 recorded deaths in 1850, 17 recorded deaths in 1851, 456 recorded deaths in 1852, and 7849 recorded deaths in 1853. 1841 and 1846 would seem the obvious pre-Lopez expedition years, coming as they did after a lull in yellow fever deaths, if the account of Mr. Howard's recollections is to be trusted. A possibility worth considering is that Mr. Howard was confusing A. L. Saunders' post-Lopez efforts to organize an invasion of Cuba with the Lopez expedition.
 An organization called the Order of the Lone Star was formed in New Orleans shortly after López's execution in 1851 at the offices of the Lafayette True Delta, with rituals written by Senator John Henderson.
 The Times-Picayune of New Orleans ran announcements of meetings of Division No. 2 of the Order of the Lone Star from November 5, 1851, to August 11, 1854. The Daily Globe of Washington, D.C., pronounced the Order of the Lone Star "dormant"on September 29 of 1854.
 On November 17, 1854, two months after the last notice for a meeting of the Order of the Lone Star appeared in the Times-Picayune, the same paper carried a notice: "I. O. S. M.-Brahmah [sic] Lodge No. 1 There will be a regular meeting of this lodge THIS EVENING, at the Mechanics Institute Room 4, at 7 1/2 o'clock."

Ultimately, the extent of A. L. Saunders' involvement, if any, in both the Order of the Lone Star and the Sons of Malta is unclear.

It was definitely believed, however, at least after the Sons of Malta's decline, that there was a connection between the two organizations:
 "...the order of the LONE STAR, under whose auspices men and means were raised for the Lopez raids upon the Island of Cuba, in the years 1850 and 1851, and for the subsequent forays into the Central American States under the leadership of the 'grey-eyed man of destiny,' William Walker. These hostile designs upon the territory of our Southern neighbors having failed, the order fell into disrepute, and its secrets were exposed and burlesqued by the Sons of Malta." Note that this indicated, as did Phocion Howard's later recollection of A. L. Saunders' claims, the Order of the Lone Star existing prior to López's filibuster attempts.
 K. Loric wrote in 1883: "Just a quarter of a century ago a secret society, known as the Sons of Malta, sprang suddenly into existence in the city of New Orleans. The original object of the organization was the capture of Cuba, and many prominent military men of the South were the leading spirits in the movement. For reasons which the writer is not at liberty to divulge, the filibustering plans of the order were abruptly squelched, and soon thereafter a well known newspaper man, who had been initiated, conceived the idea of making 'some fun for the boys.' The whole business of initiation, etc., was transformed in to a series of the most stupendous sells, practical jokes and outrageously comical proceedings ever dreamed of. The order spread rapidly all over the Union."

According to Dr. Rob Morris of Kentucky's recollections, published in 1885, that "well known newspaper man" was George D. Prentice, editor of the Louisville Journal. Morris did not ascribe any influence of the Order of the Lone Star's initiation rituals on those of the Sons of Malta:
"The older Masons of Louisville will recall the incident of [Prentice's] initiation into Freemasonry, as I have often related them in my lectures. As a candidate he was by no means 'one of the still and smiling kind,' and in reply to 'the standard questions' propounded him on the occasion, alternately shocked the brethren and convulsed them with laughter. In this spirit he undertook to prepare that celebrated travesty of Freemasonry entitled 'The Sons of Malta' in which, with considerable originality, are sacrilegiously blended some of the most sacred tenets of the order. It became the mother of many other fraternities of the sort, until now every community has its caricature of the Ancient Craft. Long before his death Mr. Prentice saw his mistake in this organization, but the mischief was irreparable."

Dr. W. H. Brooks also indicated that Prentice was involved in the creation of the Sons of Malta: "The Sons of Malta is supposed to have been the invention of Mr. Prentice, the famous Louisville editor, and a few jolly kindred spirits. To the uninitiated public it was believed to be an order of men secretly banded together for the purpose of capturing the Island of Cuba, and the respect for the Monroe doctrine, which the members always professed, had the effect of confirming that belief.

Proliferation of lodges
As mentioned, the November 17, 1854 Times-Picayune contained a notice for a meeting of the I.O. S. M. The December 27 edition of that paper, in reporting on the burning of the Mechanics' Building, says "The Sons of Malta lost all their effects, as did the United Laborers' Association." The January 6, 1855 edition carries the notice, "I.O. Sons of Malta.—A meeting of the Brahmin Lodge No. 1 takes place at 7 o'clock this evening" as well as a classified ad elaborating that the meeting "will take place at the Odd Fellows Hall, Room No. 3."

Thereafter, the Times-Picayune regularly carried notices for meetings of the Brahmin lodge of the Sons of Malta meetings; on August 2, 1855, they also printed "A Letter From Ocean Springs," which mentions that "the Sons of Malta are doing a flowing business" at that Mississippi coastal resort.

In October the Times-Picayune carried notices for meetings of "Pelican Lodge, No. 4," "Desambrier Lodge No. 2," "Mercantile Lodge No. 5," and the by then usual Friday notice of the meeting of the Brahmin Lodge.

Since the Sons of Malta were a secret, or at least secretive, organization, it can not be assumed that lodges made themselves immediately (or in some cases, ever) known to the public. Reports and intimations of Lodges during the early spread of the order include:
 Hopkins Lodge No. 6, of the Independent Order of Sons of Malta, was incorporated in the state of Missouri on December 13, 1855.
 The announcement of "a new weekly paper, to be published at the City of Galveston, under the auspices of the 'Order of Malta.' This pride of the projectors, will display upon its visiting cards, the Ignis Fatuus or the Jack O'the Lantern" in the Texas Sun, (Richmond, Tex.) of March 22, 1856. At least one issue of the Ignis Fatuus was subsequently published.
 According to the History of Chicago, From the Earliest Period to the Present Time, a Chicago lodge was established on September 1, 1856.
 The Wilmington Journal (Wilmington, North Carolina) of Friday, July 10, 1857, mentions part of an unnamed, presumably local, chapter's initiation being witnessed by "an ex-policeman, now a constable" in the summer of 1856.
 From an item in the Syracuse, New York, Daily Courier of June 19, 1857: "We clip the following mysterious item from the [Albany] Atlas and Argus. What can it mean?" The clipped item relates that the Sons of Malta, "a secret society formed in New York last winter" was gaining in popularity and had a lodge in Albany.
 From the Weekly Wisconsin (Milwaukee, Wisconsin) of May 13, 1857: "SONS OF MALTA: There is, as is well-known, an ancient and honorable brotherhood of this name, having, perhaps, more numerous branches in the Southern states than in the North. There is a lodge in this city, recently established..."
 The June 10, 1857, edition of the Times-Picayune from New Orleans, included the following: "The New York correspondent of the Boston Evening Gazette has the following item in one of his amusing letters: A new order has lately been established in the city, entitled 'The Sons of Malta,' of which every body that is any body is becoming a member." The article lists E. L. Davenport and John Brougham as officers of the New York lodge. The entry for the Sons of Malta in The Cyclopædia of Fraternities (1907) states that the order was "organized in the South before the Civil War" and "soon became conspicuous at New Orleans, whence it was taken to Boston by E. L. Davenport and John Brougham," apparently misunderstanding the Boston Evening Gazette article.
 The New Orleans Times-Picayune reported on August 6, 1857, that "The Boston Bee says a movement has been commenced in that city towards establishing the Sons of Malta."
 Mention of the Sons of Malta in Alabama appear in the October 20, 1857 edition of the Times-Picayune (reprinted the next day), and mention of the Sons of Malta in Philadelphia appear in the November 12, 1857 edition (including a reference to the S.O.M.'s motto, "'Tis well!", implying that the writer was a Sons of Malta's initiate).
 The Emporia Weekly News (Emporia, Kansas) of December 12, 1857 gives a fanciful history of the order's supposed origins in Malta, including Napoleon and Nelson as initiates, and concluding "the order flourishes. Not confined now are its sons to the nobility; Princes, Emperors, Czars, and Sultans acknowledge the supremacy of the grand commander-in-chief, and he is a citizen." This piece was reprinted in the White Cloud Kansas Chief (White Cloud, Kansas) of January 21, 1858, and the Nebraska Advertiser (Brownville, Nebraska) of February 11, 1858.
 The Baltimore Sun of January 4, 1858, mentions a New Haven, Connecticut chapter; on January 7 the Sun announced that "The Sons of Malta, in Boston, have formed a Grand Lodge for Massachusetts, to have jurisdiction over the New England States until such time as grand lodges in those states shall be established severally."
 A lodge of the Sons of Malta was organized in Ottawa in 1858.
 A lodge was founded in Fort Scott, Kansas, in late fall of 1859.
 A Wyoming delegation attended the National Encampment of the Sons of Malta in early 1860.

First Grand Assembly
On June 11, 1858, The Baltimore Sun printed a report from their Philadelphia correspondent that "Arrangements have been made to hold a convention of delegates from the different lodges of the Sons of Malta throughout the United States in this city, during the next month. Delegates are expected from all parts of the Union, and from Cuba, Chihuahua, and Sonora. It is probable that over one hundred lodges will be represented in the convention. One of the objects of holding the convention is to consolidate the order, and institute a Grand Lodge for the United States, with jurisdiction over the lodges in Cuba and Mexico." The existence of lodges in Cuba, Mexico, or (as later press claimed) Europe may have been factual or may have been more of the fanciful humbuggery that was part of the Sons of Malta's standard practice.

The same correspondent for the Sun on July 19: "About three hundred delegates have arrived to attend the national convention of the Sons of Malta, which assembles in this city Monday morning next. The Mine-Ha-Ha lodge have made the most ample provisions for the entertainment of the strangers...Among the curiosities in the hall is a punch bowl presented to the Order by Cambridge Lodge, No. 1957, of London, large enough for a man to swim in.-The convention will be in session three days. The California delegates are already here. The French and English delegates are on board of the Canada, and will reach here on Monday noon. Cincinnati will send nearly one hundred delegates."

It was also reported that officers for "the Supreme Grand Council of the Sons of Malta of the United States, Cuba and Mexico" were chosen from Massachusetts, Illinois, Pennsylvania, Ohio and New York. The Suns Philadelphia correspondent stated that there were 700 delegates, including a New Jersey delegation, a large number of Baltimore Sons of Malta, and "two English Lords," "Lord Derbon" and "Lord Ernest."

The Times-Picayune (New Orleans, Louisiana) of July 27, 1858 quoting the Philadelphia North American, "speaking of the assembling of the national convention": "In England the office of Grand Commander is held by His Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge, and Prince Albert condescends to perform the less arduous and important duties of G.R.J.A. In the United States, Mr. Breckenridge, the Vice President, is Grand Commander, and Hon. S.A. Douglas is G.R.J.A. Indeed, throughout Europe the order is hailed as one of the democratic features of the age, while prince and peasant and parvenu, within its sacred precincts, meet upon a common recognition of the universal brotherhood."

The Burlington Weekly Free Press apparently took the reported membership of the Duke of Cambridge, Prince Albert, Vice President Breckenridge, and Stephen Douglas at face value, adding that "No prominent or well known citizens appear to have attended the convention, or to be among the officers of the national organization then established."

Public reaction
In The New York Times of July 16, 1858, their Boston correspondent reports, "Fears are entertained that the Sons of Malta are a political club...Perhaps they are, but I know nothing of them or of their doings."

Part of the Sons of Malta's ongoing humbuggery seems to have been the perpetuation of the notion that they were actively engaged in plotting filibuster expeditions, as demonstrated by the following news items:
 "THE SECRET EXPEDITION.-We learn from the Detroit Advertiser, that the Lodges of Michigan, Illinois, Ohio and Wisconsin of the Sons of Malta are about purchasing two of the Lake clippers for an expedition to some part of the world. Many suppose that Cuba is the point arrived at, and that the Maltese Cross will soon wave in triumph over the 'Queen of the Antilles'."
 "It is stated in this morning's Tribune that the Sons of Malta, of Jersey City, have concluded a purchase of the English ship Great Eastern, which is to be fitted up as soon as possible, to make regular trips between the island of St. Helena and Parts Unknown."
 "SONS OF MALTA-RUMORS OF FILIBUSTERING-This order which has attained a widespread notority [sic], has assumed a phase which has never been made public heretofore. This is given by the New York Herald, which states that in consequence of the alarming increase of Cuban filibusterism in the north, the Spanish authorities at Cuba have stationed spies in New York to watch the signs of the times. These have reported to the home government that they have discovered in the Sons of Malta nothing more or less than a well conducted organization for the conquest of Cuba. The Herald does not pretend to discredit the report.
 The Daily Alta California of May 16, 1859, carried a report from Washington D.C. that "Our city has lotely [sic] been visited by a number of Spanish spies. These are continually finding new proofs of the existence of a large filibuster organization here, to operate against Cuba, and all kinds of reports are circulated by them. Among the latest reports made by them to the Captain General of Havana, is one stating that the Order of the Sons of Malta is the cover of the movement they pretend to have discovered."
 "The Sons of Malta are about to receive a tremendous accession in the person of little Billy Walker. He has applied for membership and been elected, but is not yet initiated to the fearful mysteries of that eccentric order. Billy's motive is supposed to be the conversion of the jovial Sons into filibusters..."

The Sons of Malta were noted for their charitable work, of which there are numerous newspaper accounts. Especially noted was assistance provided by the Ingomar Lodge No. 1 of Memphis,, Tennessee, for the care of the survivors of the wreck of the steamboat St. Nicholas in April 1859.

"The order [of the Sons of Malta] was understood to claim an origin with the persecuted saints of the Isle of Malta in the fifteenth century, but this was doubtless nearer fiction than reality. Its precise character and object were never definitely disclosed. The public gained an impression that it was largely for the cultivation of whatever was comic, droll or ridiculous in thought, speech and action. It had sufficient membership to give a long spectral procession one night, the marchers draped in sheets, which nearly the whole town came curiously out to see." Many lodges of the Sons of Malta organized spectacular, solemn marches, often at midnight and usually followed by all night repasts by the members. Most accounts of the marches noted public enjoyment of the spectacle, but in commenting on reports of one such march in New York City, The Emporia Weekly News wrote "What the Sons of Malta are, or what all this fantastic mummery signifies, we do not know. It seems very much like a regretful look backward from civilized life towards the freedom and unreason of barbarism."

Initiation rites

In late 1859, the Zanesville Aurora, of Zanesville, Ohio, published an account of the Sons of Malta's initiation entitled "SONS OF MALTA. Grand Disclosures of the Ceremonies and Mysteries of the Wonderful Order. FUN AND MORE FUN." Although other extant accounts indicate that the initiation sometimes varied in particulars from lodge to lodge, this seems fairly typical:

"In almost every town and city in this country, there is a lodge of the Sons of Malta. This mysterious order took its rise in New Orleans some three or four years ago. There are two accounts given of its origin. It is said, by one account, to have originated with the army of 'Walker the Filibuster,' at the time that worthy was preparing to take Cuba. Another account says it originated during the ravages of the yellow fever, and was intended to divert the minds of the frightened people, as well as to supply a fund for charitable purposed-such as burying the homeless dead, &c.

"However it may have originated, it is not the order that outsiders take it to be; as we shall presently show.

"One of the brethren, who has been turned out of the important and secret office, the initials of which are 'G. R. J. A.,' has taken offense at the order, and communicated to us the whole proceedings--pass word, grips, signs, &c.

"When about to become a member of the I. O. S. M., (Independent Order Sons Malta,) the candidate or candidates presents himself or themselves in an outer room, where he meets a committee of officers of the Lodge, who come to him out of the lodge--room, with drawn swords in their hands, and a kind of three--barred sheet iron hats on, which hide their faces; these officers put test questions to each candidate; and any candidate who hesitates or falters is allowed to depart in peace; those who remain pay $5 each, and the committee returns to the lodge-room to report on the cases and have them balloted for.

"The funds thus raised pay the rent of the room, and the balance is expended in charities; there are no other dues, for reasons which will appear hereafter.

"After the candidates are balloted for and elected, the Grand Conductor goes out to the anteroom and escorts the candidates to the inside entrance door, where he pounds on the door with the hilt of his sword three times; the inside sentinel raises a little slide in the door-peeps out; and the chief officer from the inside asks in a loud voice:

"'What is the cause of this hub-bub?' The sentinel answers: 'Strangers coming into camp!' To which the Chief replies: 'Let 'em rip.'

"What a sight breaks upon their vision! The room is nearly dark, and is only lighted by a lamp of alcohol, which sits upon a coffin in the middle of the room, and thrown its blue, flickering light around the scene! The members dressed as our citizens have seen them upon the streets, are ranged around the room, thus: One lies upon his back like a corpse, another kneels down upon his knee beside him in the attitude of a mourner. All is still as a tomb around the room, except in the center where the coffin lies upon the bier and the pale lamp flickers upon the scene. Beside that coffin, which is covered with a pall or black cloth, marches an old man who carries a musket and bayonet upon his shoulder—an old man whose white locks of hair hang in weird and tangled masses about his neck—with his left hand he snatches unmeaningly at his hair, and then mutters to himself as he turns upon his heel with military precision and marches back and forth, passing and repassing the black palled coffin and flickering light. At either end of the coffin stands a figure draped in white from head to foot, with uplifted hands and upturned eyes, muttering lips from which no sounds issue, and nothing of the face visible but the eyes and mouth. At one end of the room sits the Chief—blazing in red and gold colors but motionless—at the other end sits a skeleton with a gilded crown upon his head; with on bony hand pointing upward, while with the other he clasps to his fleshless lips the figure of an infant-at either side of the room sits the Grand Chancellor and Recorder. Each and all as motionless as the coffin or the skeleton.

"Around the coffin the candidates march in an oblong ring, passing fartherest from the coffin an nearest to the members and officers—thus leaving the old man room to pace to and fro up and down the room. The Grand Conductor marches with drawn sword at the head, and the Grand Sergeant of the sappers and miners marches also with drawn sword at the tail of the line of candidates for initiation. Three times round the line marches—twice in painful silence, through which nothing is heard but the clanking of sword scabbards as they strike, at each step, the legs of the Conductor and Sergeant—during the third round an organ or melodeon strikes up a low, wailing, tremulous, wild, hollow tune, which is echoed back by the members in a low death song, while the old man marches more rapidly and mutters louder and louder, until as the candidates finish the last round, the G. C. (as the Chief is called) says in a deep voice, 'Peace, venerable father! Life is made up of sorrow, and the world is ripening for sorrow greater than thine! Peace! Peace! Be still thou wounded heart!' To which all the members respond: 'Peace! Peace! Be still!'--then the music stops, and the old man resumes his quiet march.

"The candidates are now arranged around the G. R., who questions them as to their motive and intentions. If the answers are satisfactory (as they always are) the candidates are conducted to the chair of the skeleton where a person hidden behind the grim figure, administers an obligation to each, which binds him from his cradle (represented by the infant!) never to divulge what he may there see and learn.

"After assuming the obligations the candidates are conducted back to the G. C. through the same scene of silence and sorrow, who gives them some advice, after which they are conducted out to the ante-room. And this ends the first scene.

"SCENE SECOND.

"After the candidates go out and the door is closed, the members in an instant spring to their feet, light up the room, throw off their gowns, put away the coffin, &c., and prepare for fun. In the meantime the candidates are being blindfolded so that they cannot see; in this condition they are conducted to the door again by the same parties as before; the door is again rapped upon, and, this time, the G. C. says in a loud voice: 'What is it makes the alarm!' To which the Sentinel replies: 'Friends! Who will do us no harm!' To which the G. C. answers: 'Bid them, Beware! Beware! And welcome them to enter here!'

"The candidates are then led in, in single file, each holding the coat-tail of the other. In total blindness they are thus marched about the room several times while the room is lighted brilliantly. All is now silence and grins--except on the part of the candidates, who are sternly commanded to indulge in 'No Levity' They are brought to the chair of the Grand Commander, where they are asked all manner of questions touching their fitness to bear arms, to swim, to march, as to the condition of their health, teeth, &c., &c.--as to their moral character--whether they have been, or are, intemperate--whether they have overstepped the bounds of chastity, and so on. In order to get this information, one of the previously initiated heads the line and stammers out answers to the questions, gradually and painfully making himself out a mighty bad fellow. The others, who are blinded and cannot see, of course hold themselves in honor bound to speak out the whole truth in such a solemn place as they imagine this still to be--as they cannot see how the scene has changed. At each answer the G. C. says 'let it be recorded,' and the recorder sings out in a low, hollow tone, as he writes it down in a great book. 'It has been so recorded!'

"During these questions the candidates are tried to test their ability to swim, to play the drum or instruments--and it must be amusing to see staid, sober citizens lying down face foremost on the floor, and “striking out” as if swimming for dear life from Florida to Cuba, as well as going through the other feats of a similar ridiculous character. But then, each man thinks, we suppose, that he must do as all good “Sons of Malta” have done before him, and therefore he goes the whole figure.

"After enough of the above questions are asked and answered, the candidates take another solemn obligation having reference to the conquest of Cuba, which is administered to them in their blind state, while each places his hand upon a big book, which is always carried in procession, and which contains nothing but the pictures of two Jackasses, one in the prime of life and the other in a rapid decline.

"After this the candidates are told that they must retire for a moment and prepare to go through a trying ordeal, which will severely test their nerves and manhood.

"They retire, and so ends scene second.

"SCENE THIRD.

"The candidates are now brought in one at a time, still blindfolded. Each candidate is brought in, rapidly marched around the room, double quick time, between two guards, and is then made to run up a steeply inclined ladder composed of rollers, which are set close together, and which turn under his feet at every step and make his legs fly past each other like spokes of a run away buggy—when he gets to the top of the ladder he lands upon a platform, where stand two more guards, who turn him about and tell him to sit down; he sits down, and they give him a shove down the ladder over the rollers. Without any sled, he rides this way to the bottom of the ladder, where he strikes a springing board, just as it is jerked up by two stout men, which sends him with a bound up towards the ceiling of the room-as he comes down he is caught upon the board in a sitting posture-one of his legs is then pulled about, so that he is astride the board; and in this condition he is carried around the room in a procession of the members, while drums and gongs are being beaten in a most furious manner.

"By this time the candidate, blind as he is, begins to see through the matter; and gets scared or riled according to the state of his feelings, but it is too late to stop.

"After taking him round the room on the board, the G. C. says, 'let the cavern be opened,' and at that moment the board is lowered at one end and hoisted at the other, and the candidate slides down to the mouth of a large sheet iron cylinder—something similar to the smoke-stack of a steamboat—and as he slides down a rough voice whispers in his ear, 'Crawl for your life'--following this advice, he crawls through the thing, while all hands are pounding on the outside of it with sticks—just as he comes out he is taken, again up the steep ladder of rollers to the platform at the top. He is now told to stand up, straight, and divest himself of all matter that will spoil by coming into contact with water. While he is being thus prepared for the water the members have got ready a large canvas sheet with rope all round it; this is placed behind him, and held outstretched by as many men as can get hold of the ropes; as soon as all is ready, the candidate is thrown from the platform back upon this sheet, and away he goes—up and down—no sooner down than up again—like Sancho Panza tossed in a blanket—until the members get tired tossing him, at which time he is let down upon a mattress; from which he is lifted back upon the platform, where he is set upon the top roller with his feet directed toward the bottom, an umbrella without any covering is then hoisted and given to him, in his left hand, while in his right hand is placed a cow-bell-he is told to hold up the umbrella and ring the bell, and thus sails down over the rollers into a tub, full of wet sponges, at the bottom. Here the blinds are taken from his eyes, and he beholds himself surrounded by about fifty persons, in their shirt sleeves, all laughing at him.

"At first the candidate is astonished, then he gets angry, and finally he laughs with the rest, and becomes a zealous member of the Venerable Order.

"He is then instructed how he is to get into the lodge. He is instructed to the outside door, sneeze twice and rap once; at this the sentinel raises the slide or wicket in the door, and the candidate says 'Squi,' to which the sentinel says 'Bob,' then both say 'Squibob,' and the member enters. He then advances to the inside door where he sneezes once and blows his nose and raps, at which the slide is lifted and the candidate says 'Lager,' to which the sentinel responds 'Beer,' and then both say 'Swei Glass,' and the candidate enters-proceeds to the center of the room, where he flaps his two open hands at the top of his head, after the manner of a jackass flapping his ears, and takes his seat. These signs will give admission into any lodge of the Sons in the world, if they are properly given."

According to subsequent newspaper accounts, this information was leaked by a Son of Malta named Curtis who subsequently disappeared, leading to comparisons with the disappearance of Morgan after disclosing Masonic secrets, until it was announced by Mrs. Curtis that she had revealed the secrets after undergoing the initiation in male disguise and that her husband had run off after she had revealed her identity to him: "I just whispered a word or two in his ear, and maybe he didn't pull off his gown and hood in short order, and walk home with me. He left me that night in anger and mortification, and I have not seen him since."

An additional detail given by K.Loric: "Finally, as a grand wind-up, the candidate was informed that, in view of the fact that he had suffered so many indignities and passed through such a trying ordeal, the lodge had decided to confer upon him the honorary title of G.R.J.A.—Judge, or General, or Colonel So-and-so having resigned the position in his favor. With a lengthy and florid speech...the candidate was presented with his credentials...Hastily the 'great seal' of the order would be broken, the certificate taken from the envelope and opened, when the victim would discover the picture of a jackass in bold relief..."

Decline
In January and February 1860, Frank Leslie's New York Illustrated Weekly ran a series of articles condemning the Sons of Malta as an organization encouraging immorality and published a detailed account of their initiation. This is generally considered to have dealt a fatal blow to the S.O.M.

Another cause claimed for the organization's decline was the paralysis and eventual death of George Harding resulting from his initiatory hazing at the Lafayette, Indiana: "Harding was an intensely earnest man, and took the initiation to be a serious affair; being told by the grand conductor that from the elevated railway he would be plunged into a lake, he contracted his muscles and nerved himself for the battle with the waves. When he struck the [wet] blanket the shock was too great for his nerves...His sufferings and death were the death knell of the Sons of Malta, not only in Lafayette, but throughout the United States.

A third factor is cited by The Cyclopædia of Fraternities: "When the available material at a given city or town was exhausted, Councils of the Sons of Malta naturally became dormant and ultimately died out. Existing only to initiate, they became extinct when candidates were scarce."

A National Encampment (also called a "Grand Encampment" in some newspaper reports) was held in Washington, D.C. on Feb. 15, 1860, "the object being a thorough revision of the laws and ritual of the order." Representatives from the National Encampment were received by President Buchanan: "So solemn was the scene that several portly delegates were evidently convulsed with emotion (or secret laughter), and the Union was regarded as safe.  Owners of ships, stocks, States, and the Order took courage," as Benjamin Poore later wrote in his recollections.

Despite the efforts of the National Encampment, many or most S.O.M. lodges gave up their charters, if they had them, or otherwise ceased to function soon after the New York Illustrated Weekly articles appeared.
 Two days after reporting on the National Encampment, the Cincinnati Daily Press printed the item: "The two lodges of the Sons of Malta in Providence, R.I., have ceased to be. The order seems fading out fast.
 The Fort Scott, Kansas, lodge disbanded in April of 1860: "This lodge was kept up until April, 1860, when we had succeeded in initiating about every man that was in town. At the closing up they had a torch-light procession and marched around the Fort parade ground several times, each member carrying a roll of paper...after a speech by Wyllys Ransom, who was the grand master, explaining the aims of the lodge had been accomplished, and for fear the outside world might get hold of the records they would now burn them..." After solemnly burning the "records" the lodge members returned to their hall, where the ladies of the town met them for a dance.

The Sons of Malta did not completely disappear immediately after the articles in the New York Illustrated Weekly, however:
 There were still lodges in St. Joseph, Missouri and Leavenworth, Kansas in December 1860, though very much in decline. An item in the December 12, 1860, Daily Times of Leavenworth headed "SONS OF MALTA" reads, "The St. Joseph 'Gazette' says that 'this ancient and honorable institution has not been in a very flourishing condition' in that city, and that the treasury is empty.  We regret to say that the 'Sons' in this neighborhood are in no better circumstances." The Easton, PA, Minehaha Lodge, founded in 1857, was the final lodge in existence when it closed in 1903.
 The New York Advertiser of February 27, 1861, carried a piece titled, "The last of the Sons of Malta," detailing the end of New York City's Pro Patria Lodge.
 The Easton, PA, Minehaha Lodge, founded in 1857, was the final lodge in existence when it closed in 1903.

Revivals
The New Orleans Time-Picayune of Dec 27, 1866, reported "The Order of the Sons of Malta is to be revived in Richmond," and the Biennial Report of the Secretary of State of the State of Texas (1894) contains a listing for the Grand Lodge of the Sons of Malta in Houston, their charter having been filed with the Secretary of State on June 28, 1879. To what extent these were genuine revivals, rather than organizations inspired by the Sons of Malta's humbuggery, is difficult to determine, though at least some of the "revived" Sons of Malta used different designation for their officers than the original I.S.O.M.

A group called the Sons of Adam was established in Parsons, Kansas in 1879 by several prominent businessmen, including Masons. The order is supposed to have had the same raison d'etre as the Sons of Malta and early Ku Klux Klan. It had a "brief, but eventful career."

See also
E Clampus Vitus

Notes

References

External links

1856 establishments in the United States
Fraternal orders
Organizations established in 1856
Secret societies in the United States


title: William de Pakyngton

text:
William de Pakyngton (also William Pakington) (fl. 1370s - 1390s) was a Canon of Windsor in 1381 and Dean of Lichfield.

Career
He was appointed:
King's Clerk
Rector of Burton Noveree (diocese of Lincoln) until 1372
Keeper of the King's Wardrobe 1377
Prebendary of Mapesbury in St Paul's until 1390
Dean of St Martin's le Grand 1389 - 1390
Parson at Ivinghoe (diocese of Lincoln) 1381
Rector of Wearmouth (diocese of Durham) 1381 - 1382
Chancellor of the Exchequer 1381
Prebendary of Waltham in Chichester 1385 - 1391
Dean of Lichfield 1381 - 1390
Dean of Stafford 1380 - 1390

He was appointed to the twelfth stall in St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle in 1381 and held the canonry only for one month.

Notes

Canons of Windsor
Deans of Lichfield
Year of birth missing
Year of death missing


title: The Colorado Trail (song)

text:
The Colorado Trail is a traditional American cowboy song, collected and published in 1927 by Carl Sandburg in his American Songbag. Sandburg says that he learned the song from Dr. T. L. Chapman, of Duluth, Minnesota, who heard it from a badly injured cowboy being treated in his hospital. The cowboy sang it, and many others, to an audience of patients in his ward.

The trail in the song was a cattle route that branched off from the main Western Trail in southern Oklahoma, heading northwest to Colorado. It has no relation to today's Colorado Trail, which is a hiking trail completely within the state of Colorado.

The song got its widest attention from its 1960 recording by The Kingston Trio. It has also been recorded by Burl Ives, The Weavers, the Norman Luboff Choir, Tex Ritter, Johnny Cash, the Bar D Wranglers, and many others. The American Songbag version included only a single short verse; most who have recorded it since have added verses of their own.

Members of the Western Writers of America chose it as one of the Top 100 Western songs of all time.

References

Western music (North America)
American folk songs
American Songbag songs
Songs about cowboys and cowgirls
1927 songs


title: Rascel-Fifì

text:
Rascel-Fifì is a 1957 Italian crime-comedy film directed by . It is a parody of  Jules Dassin's Rififi. The film was a success at the Italian box office.

Plot
Renato and Gideone team up in business and open a Night in one of the worst and infamous neighborhoods in New York, provoking the ire of Gionata a gangster owner of a nightclub right in front of Renato's, the boss will open a series of actions to close the competitors' business, first by sending a dancer, Barbara, who, performing in a risqué show, tries to get the police to intervene, then with the kidnapping of Renatino, son of Renato, to blackmail his father.

Renatino proves to be smarter than he seems, challenges Gionata to the dice and beats him, making him lose all the money and also the club.

Michaela, daughter of the bandit, has in the meantime fallen in love with Renato and helps him find her son, everything will end in a marriage and Gionata will pass, with her accomplices, in Renato's service.

Cast

Renato Rascel: Renato
Annie Fratellini: Michaela
Dario Fo: Pupo aka "The Blonde"
Franca Rame: Barbara
Peppino De Martino: Gedeone
Carlo Hintermann: Tre Dita
Riccardo Cucciolla: Undici
Gino Buzzanca: Gionata
Enzo Garinei: The Prince
Antonella Steni: TV Presenter
Zoe Incrocci: Miss Patrick
Gisella Sofio: Woman at the phone
Ignazio Leone: Pennsylvania Bill

References

External links

1957 films
1950s crime comedy films
Italian crime comedy films
Films directed by Guido Leoni
1957 comedy films
1950s Italian films


title: Kyrgyzstan men's national basketball team

text:
The Kyrgyzstan national basketball team is the national Basketball team of Kyrgyzstan, Asia. Their last match was in the 2015 FIBA Asia Championship qualification Central Asia playoff, a rout loss to Kazakhstan in Astana. The majority of their best players play in Kazakhstan, including rebounding expert center Sergei Kazantcev and Turkish-born player Andrey Kislitsin.

The team had its best year in 1995. Then, at the official 1995 Asian Basketball Championship, the team surprisingly finished ahead of favorites such as Iran, Philippines and Jordan.

A prominent player of Kyrgyzstani descent is also Kyranbek Makan who plays for China because he was born and raised there.

Liga Forward
The only league in Kyrgyzstan is Liga Forward which consists of mostly Kyrgyzstan players but also features ex-Kazakhstan internationals and ex-Uzbekistan internationals. Most Kyrgyzstan players start off in Liga Forward but they usually move elsewhere like the National Basketball League (Kazakhstan) or the Division 1 of Uzbekistan.

Kyrgyzstan National Basketball Team

Roster
Head coach: Iliya Isakov

 Artem Borodenko      | pos =        | m =      | kg =    | team = Dank
 Aleksandr Adeykin    | pos = F      | m =      | kg = 94 | team = Bishkek Dynamo
      | pos = C      | m = 2.23 | kg =    | team = Barsy Atyrau|

Depth chart

Former players
Dmitriy Danishin (2003–2010)
Vladimir Gellert (2007–2012)
Baish Adiyev     (2008–2011)

Non-national team players
   Andrey Kislitsin
   Denis Polokhin
  Anton Dorosev
  Erns Uulu Zhanysh

Coaches

Current staff

Results

FIBA Asia Cup

Novruz Cup

Footnotes
*Was Assistant Coach but the Liga Forward had to make a quick decision to put him as an Interim Coach. He only took charge for 2 matches in which Kyrinakov lost both and therefore was fired. However, it is unknown who was coach after that and it is also unknown that they played any games.

See also
Kyrgyzstan women's national basketball team
Kyrgyzstan national under-19 basketball team
Kyrgyzstan national under-17 basketball team
Kyrgyzstan national 3x3 team

References

External links
Official website

1992 establishments in Kyrgyzstan
Men's national basketball teams
National sports teams of Kyrgyzstan
Sport in Kyrgyzstan


Table Rock Civilian Conservation Corps Camp Site is a historic Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) camp site located near Pickens, Pickens County, South Carolina.  It contains remnants of the CCC construction of Table Rock State Park between 1935 and 1941, including the recreation hall chimney, bulletin board with adjacent benches, grotto fountain, and basin.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.

References

Civilian Conservation Corps in South Carolina
Buildings and structures in Pickens County, South Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in Pickens County, South Carolina
Campgrounds in the United States
Park buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Government buildings completed in 1941
1941 establishments in South Carolina
Campgrounds in South Carolina


title: Andrew van Wyk

text:
Andrew Justerine Deometrie van Wyk (born 4 August 1989) is a South African professional rugby union player for the  in the Currie Cup and the Rugby Challenge. His regular position is winger or centre.

Career

Youth and Varsity Cup rugby

He was selected for several youth tournaments by his local provincial side, . In 2005, he was selected in their Under-16 squad for the Grant Khomo Week tournament and in both 2006 and 2007, he was selected for their Under-18 Craven Week side. Towards the end of 2007, he was also a member of the  side that participated in the Under-19 Provincial Championship.

In 2008, Van Wyk moved to Potchefstroom where he became involved in rugby for university side , as well as the Potchefstroom-based provincial outfit the . He played for the  side in the 2008, 2009 and 2010 Under-21 Provincial Championships. He scored six tries in 2010, one behind the joint-leading try-scorers for the Leopards U21 side, SP Marais and Joubert Engelbrecht.

He played Varsity Cup rugby for four consecutive seasons between 2009 and 2012. He scored two tries in nine appearances in his maiden season in the competition in 2009. One try followed in both 2010 (in five appearances) and 2011 (in seven starts), but 2012 was the season when he sprung to prominence with his performances, scoring nine tries in eight starts to finish the season as joint-top try scorer in the competition with 's Chrysander Botha. His scoring spree included three braces during the competition, against the , eventual champions  and .

Leopards

Van Wyk was named on the bench for the ' 2011 Currie Cup Premier Division match against  and came on with a few minutes remaining in the match to make his first class and Currie Cup debut.

The Leopards suffered relegation during that Currie Cup season, so Van Wyk's seven appearances the following season were in the 2012 Currie Cup First Division. He failed to score any points as the Leopards finished fourth and suffered a semi-final defeat at the hands of the .

With Van Wyk not being involved in the Varsity Cup for the first since 2008, he was part of the  side that played in the 2013 Vodacom Cup. He played four times without scoring any tries.

Border Bulldogs

He joined East London-based side the  for the 2013 Currie Cup First Division season and recaptured his try-scoring form as he ended the season as the Bulldogs' top scorer with five tries in twelve appearances, which included two tries in their match against the  in Welkom.

Falcons

Serious financial problems at the  at the end of 2013 saw a number of players leave the side, with a large number of players, which included Van Wyk, joining East Rand side the . Van Wyk played in all seven their matches during the 2014 Vodacom Cup competition and, despite switching from playing on the wing to outside centre for the first time in his senior career, he scored a further three tries, two of those in their 65–14 victory over the .

References

1989 births
Living people
People from Siyathemba Local Municipality
Cape Coloureds
South African rugby union players
Rugby union centres
Rugby union wings
Border Bulldogs players
Falcons (rugby union) players
Leopards (rugby union) players
Rugby union players from the Northern Cape


The 2008 Huntingdonshire District Council election took place on 1 May 2008 to elect members of Huntingdonshire District Council in Cambridgeshire, England. One third of the council was up for election and the Conservative Party stayed in overall control of the council.

After the election, the composition of the council was:
Conservative 38
Liberal Democrats 12
Independent 2

Background
Before the election the Conservatives controlled the council with 39 seats, compared to 11 Liberal Democrats and 2 independents. 18 seats were contested at the election by a total of 69 candidates, with the Conservatives defending 14 of the seats.

Among the councillors who were defending seats were the Conservative leader of the council, Ian Bates, in The Hemingfords ward, and the leader of the Liberal Democrats on the council, Peter Downes in Brampton. Ian Bates was challenged by an independent candidate, Maxine Hay, who had become a road safety campaigner after her son was killed after being hit by a car, with the Liberal Democrat candidate for the seat withdrawing in her favour.

Election result
The Liberal Democrats made a net gain of 1 seat to move to 12 councillors at the expense of the Conservatives who remained in control of the council with 38 seats. The Liberal Democrats gained seats in Buckden and Huntingdon East from the Conservatives, but lost a seat back to them in St Neots Eaton Socon.

Ward results

By-elections between 2008 and 2010

Ramsey April 2009
A by-election was held in Ramsey on 2 April 2009 after the death of Conservative councillor Ross Muir. The seat was held for the Conservatives by Andy Monk with a majority of 106 votes over Peter Reeve of the UK Independence Party.

Ramsey July 2009
A by-election was held in Ramsey on 23 July 2009 after the death of Liberal Democrat councillor Ray Powell. The seat was gained for the UK Independence Party by Peter Reeve with a majority of 184 votes over the Conservative Angela Curtis.

Huntingdon North
A by-election was held in Huntingdon North on 29 October 2009 after Liberal Democrat councillor Sam Kemp resigned from the council. The seat was held for the Liberal Democrats by Trish Shrapnel with a majority of 30 votes over Conservative Laine Kadic, in a seat won by the Conservatives at the last council election in 2008.

Fenstanton
A by-election was held in Fenstanton on 25 February 2010 after Conservative councillor Paul Dakers resigned from the council saying that all political parties were hopeless. The seat was gained by Liberal Democrat Colin Saunderson from the Conservatives, with a majority of 54 votes.

References

2008 English local elections
2008
2000s in Cambridgeshire


title: Chess Federation of Pakistan

text:
The Chess Federation of Pakistan is national governing body to promote and develop chess in Pakistan. It was established in 1957, and joined FIDE in 1973.

Mr. Hanif Qureshi is the current President of the Federation, having been elected unanimously in June 2022.

It organizes the Pakistani Chess Championship and other local tournaments.

Affiliations
The Chess Federation of Pakistan is affiliated with:

 FIDE
 Asian Chess Federation
 Commonwealth Chess Association
 Pakistan Sports Board

Affiliated associations
The following bodies are associated with the CFP:

 Azad Kashmir Chess Association
 Balochistan Chess Association
 Gilgit Baltistan Chess Association
 Islamabad Chess Association
 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Chess Association
 Punjab Chess Association
 Sindh Chess Association

References

External links

Pakistan
Chess in Pakistan
Sports governing bodies in Pakistan
1957 establishments in Pakistan
Sports organizations established in 1957
Chess organizations
1957 in chess


title: Robert Burns (Steell)

text:
Robert Burns is a bronze portrait statue of Robert Burns by John Steell. Four versions exist, in New York City (United States), Dundee (Scotland), London (England), and Dunedin (New Zealand).

New York statue

The memorial sculpture in Manhattan's Central Park was cast  and dedicated on 2 October 1880. It was the first statue of Burns to be erected outside Scotland and was a gift to the City of New York from Saint Andrew's Society of the State of New York and the Scottish-American community. For this sculpture Steell closely followed the portrait of Burns painted by Alexander Nasmyth in 1787. Seated on a tree stump with a quill pen in one hand, Burns looks up to heaven. He is thinking of his true love Mary Campbell, who died at an early age. It was to her that he had written the poem "To Mary in Heaven" inscribed on the scroll at his feet.

The statue is located at .

The Scottish and English statues

The Dundee statue was unveiled only two weeks after the one in New York in 1880 and the third cast was erected on the Thames Embankment in London in 1884. The Dundee statue is located at  and the London statue is located at .

Dunedin statue

The Dunedin statue was the last of the set to be unveiled, on 24 May 1887. A statue of Burns was deemed relevant to the city, both because of the city's Scottish roots (it was founded by the Free Church of Scotland in 1848), and also because one of the city's founding fathers was Rev. Thomas Burns, a nephew of the poet.

In likeness, it is closest to the London statue. There had been discussion whether to place the statue in front of the railway station, but an elevated placement in The Octagon, the central plaza of Dunedin, was eventually chosen. The statue was unveiled by Miss Burns, a great-grand niece of Robert Burns. Speeches were given by former Governor and Premier of New Zealand Sir George Grey, and Richard Henry Leary, the Mayor of Dunedin. Cyril Croker, a solicitor who spent his teenage years in Dunedin, would say of the statue that: It was situated between the Cathedral and two hotels, and, true to his reputation, Burns had his back to the Cathedral, and his face to the pub.

Because of its placement on what is now known as the McMillan terrace, the statue is the backdrop to many public speeches. On 27 July 1988, the statue was registered by the New Zealand Historic Places Trust as a Category I heritage structure with reference number 2208. The statue is located at .

See also
 List of Robert Burns memorials
 List of sculptures in Central Park

References

External links

1880 establishments in New York (state)
1880 establishments in Scotland
1880 sculptures
1884 establishments in England
1887 establishments in New Zealand
Bronze sculptures in London
Bronze sculptures in Central Park
Bronze sculptures in New Zealand
Bronze sculptures in Scotland
Culture in Dundee
Culture in Dunedin
Monuments and memorials in London
Monuments and memorials in Manhattan
Monuments and memorials in Scotland
Heritage New Zealand Category 1 historic places in Otago
Outdoor sculptures in London
Outdoor sculptures in Manhattan
Outdoor sculptures in New Zealand
Outdoor sculptures in Scotland
Sculptures of men in New York City
Sculptures of men in New Zealand
Burns, Robert
Statues in England
Statues in New York City
Statues in New Zealand
Burns
The Octagon, Dunedin
Victoria Embankment
City of Westminster


title: Tin Tokić

text:
Tin Tokić (born 29 December 1985) is an Italian-Croatian handballer. Actually he plays in the french club Soultz Bollwiller Handball.

References

1985 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Koper
Italian male handball players
Croatian male handball players
Expatriate handball players
Italian expatriate sportspeople in Spain
Croatian expatriate sportspeople in Spain
Italian expatriate sportspeople in France
Croatian expatriate sportspeople in France
Italian expatriate sportspeople in Romania
Croatian expatriate sportspeople in Romania
Naturalised citizens of Italy
Mediterranean Games competitors for Italy
Competitors at the 2009 Mediterranean Games


title: Cave of Altxerri

text:
The Cave of Altxerri (in Spanish "Cueva de Altxerri", and in Basque Altxerriko leizea or Altxerriko koba) is located in the municipality of Aya (Gipuzkoa) in the Basque Country (Spain).

The original grotto preserves rock paintings and engravings which have been dated from the end of the Upper Magdalenian period, within the Upper Paleolithic; the pictures situated in an upper gallery, known as Altxerri B, have been dated in a 2013 study as the oldest stone paintings in Europe, with an estimated age of 39,000 years.

Its artistic style forms part of the so-called Franco-Cantabrian School, characterized by the realism of the figures presented.

Altxerri houses one of the largest sets of rock engravings of the area. It contains around one hundred and twenty engravings of which ninety-two are of animals. The bison is the best-represented animal, with a total of fifty-three engravings. Other animals present in the cave are the reindeer, with six engravings, four deer and goats, three horses and aurochs, two saiga antelope, a wolverine, a fox, a hare and a bird.

It was declared a World Heritage Site in 2008, together with sixteen other caves situated in Northern Spain, as part of the group known as the Cave of Altamira and Paleolithic Cave Art of Northern Spain.

References

Geography of Gipuzkoa
Altxerri
Magdalenian
Cave of Altamira and Paleolithic Cave Art of Northern Spain


title: Alvise Mocenigo

text:
Alvise Mocenigo may refer to:

 Alvise I Mocenigo (1507–1577), doge of Venice, 1570–1577
 Alvise II Mocenigo (1628–1709), doge of Venice, 1700–1709
 Alvise Giovanni Mocenigo (1701–1778), doge of Venice, 1763–1778
 Sebastiano Mocenigo (Alvise III Sebastiano Mocenigo, 1662–1732), doge of Venice, 1722–1732

See also
 House of Mocenigo, a Venetian family


Civilian Conservation Corps Quarry No. 1 and Truck Trail is a historic Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) quarry site located near Pickens, Pickens County, South Carolina.  The site is associated with the CCC construction of Table Rock State Park between 1935 and 1941.  It is one of four quarry sites used for materials in the construction of park structures and facilities at the park.  The truck trail was used by CCC workers to gain access to the quarry.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.

References

Quarries in the United States
Civilian Conservation Corps in South Carolina
Buildings and structures in Pickens County, South Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in Pickens County, South Carolina
Pickens, South Carolina
Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina


Civilian Conservation Corps Quarry No. 2 is a historic Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) quarry site located near Pickens, Pickens County, South Carolina.  The site is associated with the CCC construction of Table Rock State Park between 1935 and 1941.  It is one of four quarry sites used for materials in the construction of park structures and facilities at the park.  Located on the property is a concrete spring house built by CCC workers.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.

References

Quarries in the United States
Civilian Conservation Corps in South Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Buildings and structures in Pickens County, South Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in Pickens County, South Carolina
Pickens, South Carolina


title: Substitute Teacher (film)

text:
Substitute Teacher () is a 1975 Italian commedia sexy all'italiana film directed by . The film was a box office success and launched the brief film career of the singer Carmen Villani.

Plot

Cast
Carmen Villani as Loredana
Carlo Giuffré as Tarzanic
Dayle Haddon as Sonia
 Eligio Zamara as Stefano
Gisela Hahn as Gym Teacher
 Alvaro Brunetti as Sergio
 Giusi Raspani Dandolo as Professor Teresa Scifuni
Giacomo Furia as Director
 Gastone Pescucci as Janitor
Tom Felleghy  as Professor
Ilona Staller as Student
Gloria Piedimonte as Student
Attilio Dottesio as Priest

See also
 List of Italian films of 1975

References

External links

Substitute Teacher at Variety Distribution

1975 films
1970s sex comedy films
Films directed by Guido Leoni
Commedia sexy all'italiana
Italian high school films
1975 comedy films
1970s Italian-language films
1970s Italian films


title: West Indian cricket team in India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka in 1974–75

text:
The West Indies cricket team, captained by Clive Lloyd, toured India, Sri Lanka and Pakistan from November 1974 to March 1975 and played a five-match Test series against the India national cricket team followed by a two-match series against the Pakistan national cricket team. West Indies won the series in India 3–2 and the series in Pakistan was drawn 0–0. In Sri Lanka, the West Indians played two internationals against the Sri Lanka national cricket team which had not then achieved Test status; therefore, the internationals played at the Colombo Cricket Club Ground and the Paikiasothy Saravanamuttu Stadium, both in Colombo, are classified as first-class matches. India was captained by Mansoor Ali Khan Pataudi, Pakistan by Intikhab Alam and Sri Lanka by Anura Tennekoon.

Test series summary

India

First Test

Second Test

Third Test

Fourth Test

Fifth Test

Pakistan

First Test

Second Test

References

External links

1974 in Indian cricket
1974 in West Indian cricket
1975 in Indian cricket
1975 in Pakistani cricket
1975 in Sri Lankan cricket
1975 in West Indian cricket
Indian cricket seasons from 1970–71 to 1999–2000
International cricket competitions from 1970–71 to 1975
Pakistani cricket seasons from 1970–71 to 1999–2000
Sri Lankan cricket seasons from 1972–73 to 1999–2000
1974-75
1975
1975


title: Maisuma

text:
Maisum or Maisuma is a densely populated neighborhood of Srinagar in the Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir which  is bordered on the north by Gawkadal bridge and on the South by Lal Chowk. River Jhelum forms it western border.

Origin of name
The name Maisum comes for its Sanskrit name Makshikaswamin (Mak’shi’ ka’swa’min).

History
Historically, Maisum actually is the name of the entire area that is more or less an island that forms the center of present-day city of Srinagar. In other words, historical Maisum includes Srinagar Golf Course, Polo Ground, S.P and Women’s college, Bar Bar Shah, entire neighborhood of Amira Kadal including old Court Complexes, Tyndale Biscoe School, Abi Guzar and entire Residency Road all the way up to Door Darshan centre. It is actually an island that is enclosed by River Jhelum and Tsont Kol (Kashmiri apple orchard canal) river. Tsont Kol normally drains excess flow from Dal Lake near Dalgate and it carries that water into Jhelum near Zero Bridge in South but it also goes north and then bends west around the Srinagar Golf Course and empties into Jhelum near Gow Kadal opposite the Sher Garhi Palace. Tsont Kol’s old name is Mahasarit and at the confluence of this river and Wyeth near Gow Kadal bridge.
According to Stein there was an important Tirath in ancient times. Kalhana mentions a cremation ground (Shamshan Bhomi) in this area where Uccala was cremated in 1111 AD after he had been assassinated. According to M.A Stein, this cremation ground was still functional up until Dogra times.
Prior and during the Dogra rule Maisuma was a designated prostitution area where licensed prostitutes were allowed to work and was a known area for prostitution and popular among visitors

References

Neighbourhoods in Srinagar


title: Jazz Man Records

text:
Jazz Man Records was an American record company and independent record label devoted to traditional New Orleans-style jazz. David Stuart (né David Ashford Stuart; 1910–1984) founded the label in 1941 and sold it to Marili Morden and Nesuhi Ertegun.  The label and its namesake – Jazz Man Record Shop, in Hollywood – were in the vanguard of an international revival of traditional jazz in the 1940s.

History

Jazz Man Records was founded in 1941 by David Stuart, owner of the Jazz Man Record Shop in Hollywood, California. The label was an offshoot of the shop, established in 1939 as the only shop on the West Coast that specialized in used 78s for jazz collectors. Stuart was a purist who felt that traditional New Orleans jazz was the real jazz. He preserved and promoted the traditional jazz music that had fallen out of favor in the late 1920s, and regarded the swing music that had eclipsed it with contempt.

Stuart modeled Jazz Man Records after Commodore Records, whose issues were released by a comparable record shop operating in Manhattan from 1938. He adopted its style of printing the names and instrumentation of the personnel on the label. The label also bore the address of the Jazz Man Record Shop, the exclusive sales outlet. Lester Koenig and Stuart produced the first recordings by Lu Watters' Yerba Buena Jazz Band December 19–20, 1941. A second recording session with the Watters band was produced in March 1942.

In June 1942, Stuart produced a historic recording session in New Orleans with Bunk Johnson, putting together a group he called Bunk Johnson's Original Superior Band.

In December 1942, Jazz Man Records issued four unreleased sides by Jelly Roll Morton, recorded in 1938, in partnership with Nesuhi Ertegun. Ertegun had acquired the solo piano recordings, made in Washington, D.C., while Morton was being interviewed by Alan Lomax, from a private collection in 1941.

Ertegun purchased Jazz Man Records from David Stuart in late 1946. In January 1947, Jazz Man record labels were redesigned and a dark green color, matching that of Crescent Records. Ertegun retired the Crescent label.

On January 15, 1952, Jazz Man Records sold its masters to Lester Koenig's Good Time Jazz Records for $5,500. Recordings were produced on the Jazz Man label through 1954. The last was an album by Joe Venuti and Tony Romano (Jazz Man LP LJ-336), recorded in October 1954 and released the following month.

Select discography
The Jazz Man Records discography is available online from the Jazz Discography Project and is further detailed in Cary Ginell's 2010 book, Hot Jazz for Sale: Hollywood's Jazz Man Record Shop.

See also
 Crescent Records

References

External links
 6. Marili Morden: "This is the real jazz" at Gene Deitch, Roll the Credits! (archived at the Internet Archive)
 1939 Jazz Man Record Shop at The Kid Ory Archive

Record labels established in 1941
American independent record labels
Defunct record labels of the United States
Jazz record labels


title: Oļegs Meļehs

text:
Oļegs Meļehs (born 24 March 1982) is a Latvian former professional road cyclist. In 2004 and 2009 he won the Latvian National Road Race Championships.

In 2010 Meļehs suffered a serious back injury.

Palmares

2003
3rd National Road Race Championships
2004
1st  National Road Race Championships
1st  National Time Trial Championships
2005
2nd National Time Trial Championships
2006
2nd National Road Race Championships
2nd National Time Trial Championships
2007
2nd National Road Race Championships
2nd National Time Trial Championships
3rd De Vlaamse Pijl
2008
1st Grand Prix of Moscow
2nd National Time Trial Championships
2009
1st  National Road Race Championships

References

1982 births
Living people
Latvian male cyclists
Sportspeople from Riga


title: Revista Chilena de Historia del Derecho

text:
The Revista Chilena de Historia del Derecho is a peer-reviewed academic journal covering legal history that is published by the University of Chile. It was established in 1959 and its subject matter are legal affairs which have become history; the editor-in-chief is Felipe Vicencio Eyzaguirre (University of Chile).

The Revista first editor was Alamiro de Ávila.  The predecessor to the  Revista is the Boletín de Derecho Público, a specialist legal journal created by Aníbal Bascuñán Valdés, who taught history of law at the university from 1931.  As of 2012, the Revista was the second oldest then-currently published Chilean law journal.  In 2014, Claudio Barahona Gallardo wrote that the Revista was now "the oldest journal of its type in Hispanic America."

In May 1960, Lewis Hanke reviewed on The Hispanic American Historical Review the very first issue of the Revista Chilena de Historia del Derecho, and pronounced it "A valuable new review in a relatively undeveloped field."  Prestige-wise, Antonio Dougnac Rodríguez in 2021 qualified it as the predecessor of Revista de Estudios Histórico-Jurídicos, founded in 1976.

References

External links

Chilean law journals
Legal history of Chile
Academic journals established in 1959
Spanish-language journals
History journals
Annual journals
University of Chile academic journals


The 13257 / 13258 Danapur - Anand Vihar Terminal Jan Sadharan Express is a Superfast Express train belonging to Indian Railways – East Central Railway zone that runs between  and  in India.

It operates as train number 13257 from Danapur to Anand Vihar Terminal and as train number 13258 in the reverse direction, serving the states of Bihar and Delhi.

It is part of the Jan Sadharan Express series launched by the former railway minister of India, Mr. Laloo Prasad Yadav.

Coaches
The 13257/58 Danapur–Anand Vihar Jan Sadharan Express has 20 General Unreserved and 2 SLR (Seating cum Luggage Rake) coaches. It does not carry a pantry car.

As is customary with most train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand.

Service
The 13257 Danapur–Anand Vihar Jan Sadharan Express covers the distance of  in 18 hours 50 mins (62.53 km/h) and in 18 hours 40 mins as 13258 Anand Vihar–Danapur Jan Sadharan Express (59.40 km/h).

As the average speed of the train is above , as per Indian Railways rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge.

Routeing
The 13257/13258 Danapur–Anand Vihar Terminal Jan Sadharan Express runs from Danapur via , , , , ,  to Anand Vihar Terminal.

In addition it has technical halts at  and .

Traction
As the route is fully electrified, a Gomoh / Kanpur / Ghaziabad-based WAP-7 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey.

Operation
13257 Danapur–Anand Vihar Jan Sadharan Express leaves Danapur on a daily basis arriving Anand Vihar Terminal the next day.
13258 Anand Vihar–Danapur Jan Sadharan Express leaves Anand Vihar Terminal on a daily basis arriving Danapur the next day.

References

External links
Indian Railway

Transport in Patna
Transport in Delhi
Jan Sadharan Express trains
Rail transport in Uttar Pradesh
Rail transport in Bihar
Rail transport in Delhi


title: Kaghaznagar Express

text:
The 12757 / 58 Kaghaznagar Express is a Superfast Express train belonging to Indian Railways – South Central Railway zone that runs between  &  in India.

It operates as train number 12757 from Secunderabad Junction to Sirpur Kaghaznagar and as train number 12758 in the reverse direction, serving the state of Telangana.

Coaches

The Kaghaznagar Express has 1 AC Chair Car, 2 Second Sitting Chair Cars, 17 General Class & 2 SLR (Seating cum Luggage Rake) coaches. It does not carry a pantry car.

As is customary with most train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand.

Service

The train covers the distance of  in 5 hours 10min in both directions. ().

As the average speed of the train is above, as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge.

Routing

The express runs from  via Bhongir, , , Jammikunta, Odela, Peddapalli Junction railway station, Ramagundam, Mancherial, Bellampalli and finally reaches terminating station .

Traction

As the route is fully electrified, a Lallaguda-based WAP-4 or WAP-7 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey.

Timings
The schedule is given below:-

Gallery

References

External links

Named passenger trains of India
Transport in Secunderabad
Rail transport in Telangana
Express trains in India


title: Pakistan Karate Federation

text:
The Pakistan Karate Federation is the national governing body to develop and promote the sport of Karate in the Pakistan.

Affiliations
The Federation is affiliated with:
 World Karate Federation
 Asian Karatedo Federation
 Pakistan Olympic Association
 Pakistan Sports Board

National Championship
Karate is the regular event of National Games, the federation also organizes National karate championship.

References

External links
 Official Website

Sports governing bodies in Pakistan
Karate organizations
Karate in Pakistan
Sports organizations established in 1988
1988 establishments in Pakistan


title: Acta Physiologica

text:
Acta Physiologica is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal that is published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the Scandinavian Physiological Society. According to the Journal Citation Reports, it has a 2021 impact factor of 7.523. It is the official journal of the Federation of European Physiological Societies.

The journal was established in 1889 as the Skandinavisches Archiv für Physiologie and renamed to Acta Physiologica Scandinavica in 1940, before obtaining its current name in 2006.

References

External links

Wiley-Blackwell academic journals
Physiology journals
English-language journals
Monthly journals
Publications established in 1889


title: Ranchi–New Delhi Garib Rath Express

text:
The 12877 / 78 Ranchi New Delhi Garib Rath Express is a Superfast Express train of the Garib Rath series belonging to Indian Railways - South Eastern Railway zone that runs between Ranchi and New Delhi in India.

It operates as train number 12877 from Ranchi to New Delhi and as train number 12878 from New Delhi to Ranchi serving the states of Jharkhand, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh & Delhi.

It is part of the Garib Rath Express series launched by the former railway minister of India, Laloo Prasad Yadav.

Route
The 12877 / 78 Ranchi New Delhi Garib Rath Express runs from Ranchi via Tori, Daltonganj, Mughalsarai Junction, Allahabad Junction, Kanpur Central to New Delhi.

Service
It operates thrice a week. Ranchi-New Delhi Garib Rath Express (12877) operates on Monday, Tuesday
& Friday originating from Ranchi Junction. New Delhi-Ranchi Garib Rath Express (12878) operates on Tuesday, Thursday & Saturday originating from New Delhi Railway Station. It has a travel time of approximately 19 hrs for covering 1344 km.It is the substitute of New Delhi Ranchi Rajdhani express and it runs in Rajdhani slot.

Gallery

References

Transport in Ranchi
Transport in Delhi
Garib Rath Express trains
Rail transport in Jharkhand
Rail transport in Bihar
Rail transport in Uttar Pradesh
Rail transport in Delhi


title: Murder of Yafim Weinstein

text:
Yafim (or Yefim) Weinstein was a 54-year-old Israeli man murdered in 2009.

Murder
Weinstein, a resident of Nazareth Illit, was a cab driver. He was murdered while delivering pizza in a terrorist incident by Islamist militants who identified with Al Qaeda.

Investigation
Eight suspects were arrested in Nazareth in 2010 in a combined operation by the police and the national security services that uncovered a "cell" inspired by Al Qaida and the recorded speeches of Osama bin Laden to illegally acquire arms and launch violent attacks on Jews and Christians.

Arrests and convictions
In 2010, Ahmed Ahmed (21), was arrested for on charges of murder. Ghaleb Ranim (26) and Haider Ziadna (22) were arrested and charged as accomplices to murder. All three were from Nazareth. The three were apprehended as part of a group, or "cell", of 7 men discovered when Ahmed and Ranim traveled to Somalia with the goal of training at an Al-Qaida camp. Ahmed and Ranim had flown Addis Ababa, Ethiopia and then to Kenya, where they were arrested and deported to Israel. When asked at his indictment whether he was motivated by hatred for Christians and Jews, Ahmed responded, "Long live Osama Bin Ladin".

The group was influenced by the imam of Nazareth's Shihab a-Din mosque, Abu Salim, convicted support for the terror organization Al Qaida, and of inciting to violence and terrorism and violence. Raleb Ganaem, Haidar Zidana, and Ali Ahmed Ali were convicted of murder and sentenced to prison; Ali was sentenced to life in jail. Ganaem and another defendant were convicted of abducting and robbing a pizza delivery man in an act "connected to his being Jewish." They ordered a pizza from a pizzeria in Upper Nazareth, waited in ambush for the delivery man and then stabbed, abducted and robbed him. They left him bound and bleeding.

References

Sources

2009 murders in Asia
Al-Qaeda
Israeli murder victims
Israeli terrorism victims
Terrorist incidents in Israel in 2009


title: Kolkata–Patna Garib Rath Express

text:
The 12359 / 60 Kolkata Patna Garib Rath Express is a Superfast Express train of the Garib Rath series belonging to Indian Railways - Eastern Railway zone that runs between Kolkata and Patna Junction in India.

It operates as train number 12359 from Kolkata to Patna Junction and as train number 12360 in the reverse direction serving the states of West Bengal, Jharkhand & Bihar.

It is part of the Garib Rath Express series launched by the former railway minister of India, Mr. Laloo Prasad Yadav.

Coaches
The 12359 / 60 Kolkata Patna Garib Rath Express has 9 AC 3 tier & 2 End on Generator Coaches. It does not carry a Pantry car coach.

As is customary with most train services in India, Coach Composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand.

Service
The 12359 Kolkata Patna Garib Rath Express covers the distance of  in 9 hours 30 mins (55.21 km/h) and in 9 hours 05 mins as 12360 Patna Kolkata Garib Rath Express (58.79 km/h).

As the average speed of the train is above , as per Indian Railways rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge.

Routeing
The 12359 / 60 Kolkata Patna Garib Rath Express runs from Kolkata via Durgapur, Asansol Junction, Jhajha, Mokama Junction, Rajendranagar Terminus to Patna Junction.

Traction
As the route is fully electrified, a Howrah based WAP 5 or WAP 7 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey.

Operation
12359 Kolkata Patna Garib Rath Express leaves Kolkata every Tuesday, Thursday & Saturday arriving Patna Junction the next day.

12360 Patna Kolkata Garib Rath Express leaves Patna Junction every Wednesday, Friday & Sunday arriving Kolkata the next day.

References

External links

Indianrail.gov.in
Youtube.com
News.oneindia.in
Flickr.com

Transport in Kolkata
Transport in Patna
Garib Rath Express trains
Rail transport in West Bengal
Rail transport in Jharkhand
Rail transport in Bihar
Railway services introduced in 2008


title: Deucha

text:
Deucha is a village and a gram panchayat in Mohammad Bazar CD Block in Suri Sadar subdivision of Birbhum district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

History
According to a government data had given in 1845, there had 30  i.e. iron melting furnaces existed at Deucha. In 1855, Mackcey and Co. established Birbhum Iron Works Company and in 1875 Messers Burn and co. had done the same job there.
There are many old decorated bricks found every where, which shows old glory of Deucha.

Salui is a Hindu workers caste who are living at Deucha. Saluis were the head of 'saal' i.e. home-made iron-furnace. Sontsaal is a nearby village where Muslim 'saal' workers had lived.

At the time of King Ram Pal, Deucha was under 'Kujabati' state.

Geography

Location
Deucha consists of a gram panchayat, 'Deucha Gram Panchayat'. The name Deucha  is  a mysterious word. Deucha has its burnt soil and a lot of signs of previous iron ore melting industry.

The village is situated near the Dwarka River. An eco park is situated at Deucha on the bank of Dwarka River near Sahapara.
Deucha barrage is situated on the Dwarka river with a capacity of .

Demographics
As per the 2011 Census of India, Deucha had a total population of 1,772 of which 894 (50%) were males and 878 (50%) were females. Population below 6 years was 266. The total number of literates in Deucha was 1,066 (70.78% of the population over 6 years).

Economy

Coal
Deucha Pachami coal block is to be developed by Bengal Birbhum Coal Company Limited.

Government of India has allocated 17 coal blocks with estimated reserves of 85,000 million tonnes of coal to public sector undertakings under MMDR act. Deucha Pachami coal block is estimated about 9.7 km2.

Transport
NH 14 (old no. NH 60) passes beside Deucha. There is an old laterite road connecting Deucha with 'Boliharpur' and then with Jharkhand. Sri Chaitanya Mahaprabhu and Mahavir had walked through this road.

Culture
Ram Navami  is held at Saluipara Ramji temple. Poush Sankranti fair is held at Dwarbasini near Deucha.Ratha yatra  fair is held at Deucha rathtala. Every year during Ram navami, the song of Ramayana and kirtana are performed. This Ramji temple was established by Sitaram Das Mohanta, a saint probably from Uttar Pradesh, and the first priest of the temple was Satkari Bandopadhaya from  nearby Chondrapur village.

Dharma pujo is held at Deucha on the occasion of Buddha Purnima.

Every year at Makar Sankranti a one-day fair is held at Dwarbasini-temple near Chondrapur.

There are many ruined Shiva temples near Sahapara. Some of these temples were reconstructed by Ananta Majumdar, a former policeman with the help of other people.

Near Deucha there is a Jain religious place "Jogi Pahari Tirth" where Bhagwan Mahavir stayed for three night because of serious illness by snake bite. Many pilgrims come here from around the world.

References

Villages in Birbhum district


title: Béatrice du Han de Martigny

text:
Béatrice du Han de Martigny, Marquise de Meuse (1711-1793), known as Madame de Meuse, was the royal mistress of the regent of the Austrian Netherlands, Charles Alexander of Lorraine.

Béatrice du Han de Martigny was the daughter of a courtier in service of Leopold, Duke of Lorraine, and married marquis François de Choiseul-Meuse (1716-1746). She became acquainted with Charles Alexander during his upbringing in the ducal court of Luneville. In 1760, she joined him in the Austrian Netherlands, and their relationship lasted until the death of Charles Alexander in 1780. Her position led the sister of Charles Alexander, Princess Anne Charlotte of Lorraine, who functioned as the first lady of the court, to criticize him.

She is also known as a correspondent of Françoise de Graffigny.

References
 Correspondance de Madame de Graffigny: 23 octobre 1744-10 septembre 1745, lettres 761-896. Voltaire Foundation, Taylor Institution, 2000
 Françoise de Graffigny: Her Life and Works. Voltaire Foundation, 1 jan 2004
 Revue belge de philologie et d'histoire: Belgisch tijdschrift voor philologie en geschiedenis, Volym 33. Fondation universitaire, 1955.

1711 births
1793 deaths
Mistresses of Austrian royalty
Nobility of the Austrian Netherlands
Women of the Austrian Netherlands