title: Shake It Off

text:
"Shake It Off" is a song by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift and the lead single from her fifth studio album, 1989. Swift wrote the lyrics and composed the melody with producers Max Martin and Shellback. Inspired by the media scrutiny on Swift's public image, the lyrics are about her indifference to detractors and their negative remarks. An uptempo dance-pop song, it features a looping drum beat, a saxophone line, and a handclap-based bridge. Big Machine Records released "Shake It Off" on August 19, 2014, to market 1989 as Swift's first pop album after her previous country-styled releases.

Music critics praised the song's dance-pop production as catchy, but some found the lyrics weak. Retrospectively, critics have considered "Shake It Off" an effective opener for the 1989 era, which transformed Swift's sound and image from country to pop. The song featured on 2010s-decade-end lists by NME and Consequence. In the United States, the single spent 50 weeks–including four weeks at number one–on the Billboard Hot 100, and it received a Diamond certification from the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). "Shake It Off" also topped charts in Australia, Canada, Hungary, Mexico, New Zealand, and Poland, and it received multi-platinum certifications in Australia, Canada, Japan, New Zealand, Norway, and the United Kingdom.

Mark Romanek directed the music video for "Shake It Off", which portrays Swift as a clumsy person unsuccessfully attempting several dance moves. It attracted accusations of cultural appropriation for featuring dances associated with people of color such as twerking. Swift performed the song on televised events such as the MTV Video Music Awards and the iHeartRadio Music Festival, and she included it in the set lists for three of her world tours: the 1989 World Tour (2015), Reputation Stadium Tour (2018), and the Eras Tour (2023). Among the accolades it received were a Favorite Song win at the People's Choice Awards and three nominations at the Grammy Awards. Following the 2019 dispute regarding the ownership of Swift's back catalog, she re-recorded the song as "Shake It Off (Taylor's Version)" for her 2023 re-recorded album 1989 (Taylor's Version).

Background
Taylor Swift had been known as a primarily country singer-songwriter until her fourth studio album Red (released in October 2012), which incorporates various pop and rock styles, transcending the country sound of her previous releases. The collaborations with Swedish pop producers Max Martin and Shellback introduced straightforward pop hooks and new genres, including electronic and dubstep, to Swift's discography. Swift and her label, Big Machine, promoted it as a country album. The album's diverse musical styles sparked a media debate over her status as a country artist, to which she replied in an interview with The Wall Street Journal, "I leave the genre labeling to other people." Swift began recording her fifth studio album, 1989, while touring to support Red in mid-2013. Inspired by 1980s synth-pop, she conceived 1989 as her first "official pop" record that would transform her image from country to pop. Martin and Shellback produced seven out of thirteen tracks for the album's standard edition, including "Shake It Off".

Music and lyrics

Swift wrote the lyrics to "Shake It Off" and composed the song's melody with Martin and Shellback. The track was recorded by Sam Holland at Conway Recording Studios in Los Angeles and by Michael Ilbert at MXM Studios in Stockholm, Sweden. It was mixed by Serban Ghenea at MixStar Studios in Virginia Beach, Virginia, and mastered by Tom Coyne at Sterling Sound Studio in New York City.

Musically, "Shake It Off" is an uptempo dance-pop song that incorporates a saxophone line. Jonas Thander, the song's saxophone player, based his part on Martin's pre-recorded MIDI horn sample, using a tenor horn. It took Thander over ten hours to edit the saxophone part, which he completed over the following day. "Shake It Off" follows a ii–IV–I chord progression; it employs a verse–prechorus–chorus form to begin with a loose verse, tighten for the prechorus, and loosen again for the chorus. The song's upbeat production is accompanied by a looping drum beat, a handclap-based bridge, and synthesized saxophones.

The lyrics of the song were inspired by the media scrutiny that Swift had experienced during her rise to stardom. In an interview with Rolling Stone in August 2014, Swift said about the song's inspiration: "I've had every part of my life dissected ... When you live your life under that kind of scrutiny, you can either let it break you, or you can get really good at dodging punches. And when one lands, you know how to deal with it. And I guess the way that I deal with it is to shake it off." Discussing the song's message with NPR in October 2014, Swift said that "Shake It Off" represented her more mature perspectives from her previous single "Mean" (2010), which was also inspired by her detractors. According to Swift, if "Mean" was where she assumed victimhood, "Shake It Off" found her in a proactive stance to "take back the narrative, and have ... a sense of humor about people who kind of get under [her] skin – and not let them get under [her] skin".

In the first verse of the song, Swift references her perceived image as a flirtatious woman with numerous romantic attachments: "I go on too many dates / But I can't make 'em stay / At least that's what people say." The lines in the chorus are arranged rhythmically to produce a catchy hook: "Cause the players gonna play, play, play, play, play / And the haters gonna hate, hate, hate, hate, hate / Baby, I'm just gonna shake, shake, shake, shake, shake." The spoken-word bridge opens with Swift asserting, "You could have been getting down to this sick beat," amidst the "dirty cheats of the world". The lyric "this sick beat" is trademarked to Swift by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.

Release
On August 13, 2014, Swift appeared on The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon, where she announced she would hold a live stream via Yahoo! on August 18, 2014. During the live stream, Swift announced the details of the album 1989. She debuted "Shake It Off" as the album's lead single and premiered the song's music video simultaneously. "Shake It Off" was released digitally worldwide by Big Machine on August 19. The same day, Big Machine, in partnership with Republic Records, released the song to US radio. A limited CD single edition was available on September 11. In Europe, "Shake It Off" was added to a BBC Radio playlist on August 25, Italian radio on August 29, and was released as a CD single in Germany on October 10.

The release of "Shake It Off" and its parent album 1989 had been highly anticipated, given Swift's announcement that she would abandon her country roots to release an "official pop" album. The magazine Drowned in Sound described the single as "undoubtedly ... the most significant cultural event" since Radiohead's 2011 album The King of Limbs. While noting that "Shake It Off" was not Swift's first "straight-up pop" song, Billboard Jason Lipshutz considered it a sign of a "bold foray into the unknown", in which Swift could experiment beyond her well-known formulaic country pop songs that had been critically and commercially successful.

Critical reception
"Shake It Off" received mixed reviews from music critics. While some deemed the production catchy, others found the song repetitive and lacking substance compared to Swift's previous album Red, which was perceived to be her artistic peak. Critic Randall Roberts from the Los Angeles Times lauded the song's energetic production, which they described as "perfect pop confection". Roberts, however, found the lyrics shallow, calling the song insensible to the political events at the time: "When lives are at stake and nothing seems more relevant than getting to the Actual Truth, liars and cheats can't and shouldn't be shaken off."

The Guardian Molly Fitzpatrick lauded the song's music, but felt that the lyrics fell short of Swift's songwriting abilities. Giving the song a three-out-of-five-stars score, Jeff Terich from American Songwriter regarded Swift's new direction as "a left-turn worth following". While Terich agreed that the lyrics were dismissive, he felt that critics should not have taken the song seriously because it was "pretty harmless". In a positive review, Jason Lipshutz from Billboard wrote, "Swift proves why she belongs among pop's queen bees ... the song sounds like a surefire hit." In a review of the album 1989, Alexis Petridis praised the lyrics for "twisting clichés until they sound original". In the words of Andrew Unterberger from Spin, while "Shake It Off" was musically a "red herring" that feels out of place on the album, it thematically represents Swift's new attitude on 1989, where she liberated herself from overtly romantic struggles to embrace positivity. Swift herself acknowledged the song as an outlier on 1989, and deliberately released it as the lead single to encourage audiences to explore the entire album and not just the singles.

Retrospectively, Hannah Mylrea from NME considered "Shake It Off" an effective opener for Swift's 1989 era, which transformed her image to mainstream pop. While saying that "Shake It Off" was not one of the album's better songs, Rob Sheffield from Rolling Stone applauded it for "serving as a trailer to announce her daring Eighties synth-pop makeover". Nate Jones from Vulture agreed, but described the song's bridge as "the worst 24 seconds of the entire album". In his 2019 ranking of Swift's singles, Alexis Petridis ranked "Shake It Off" third—behind "Blank Space" (2014) and "Love Story" (2008), lauding its "irresistible" hook and "sharp-tongued wit". Jane Song from Paste was less enthusiastic, placing "Shake It Off" among Swift's worst songs in her catalog, writing: "Swift has a pattern of choosing the worst song from each album as the lead single."

Commercial performance
"Shake It Off" gained an audience of nine million on US airplay after one day of release to radio and debuted at number 45 on Radio Songs after two days of release. After its first week of release, the single debuted at number nine on Adult Top 40 and number 12 on Pop Songs, setting the record for the highest debut on both charts. On the Pop Songs chart, it tied with Mariah Carey's "Dreamlover" (1993) for the highest first-week chart entry. Although not officially released to country radio, the single debuted and peaked at number 58 on Country Airplay.

"Shake It Off" debuted at number one on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart dated September 6, 2014, the 22nd song to do so. After two consecutive weeks at number one, it dropped to number two, where it stayed for eight consecutive weeks. "Shake It Off" returned to number one in its tenth charting week, and spent a further week at number one, totaling four non-consecutive weeks atop the Hot 100. It also topped Billboard airplay-focused charts including Pop Songs, Adult Top 40, and Adult Contemporary. The song sold 3.43 million digital copies in 2014 in the United States. "Shake It Off" was one of the best-selling singles of the 2010s decade in the United States, selling 5.4 million digital copies as of January 2020. As of October 2023, the single remains Swift's biggest chart success on the Hot 100, where it spent nearly six months in the top ten and 50 weeks in the top 100. The song was certified Diamond by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), which denotes 10 million units. With this achievement, Swift is the first female artist to have both a song and an album (Fearless) certified Diamond in the United States.

"Shake It Off" also topped the charts and received multi-platinum certifications in Australia (thirteen-times platinum), Canada (six-times platinum), and New Zealand (five-times platinum). In the United Kingdom, it peaked at number two on the UK Singles Chart and was certified four-times platinum to become Swift's best-selling single. In Japan, "Shake It Off" peaked at number four on the Japan Hot 100 and was certified triple platinum. The single also topped record charts in Hungary and Poland, and it was a top-five hit in other European countries, peaking at number two in Spain; number three in Ireland, Norway and Sweden; number four in Denmark and Israel; and number five in Germany and the Netherlands.

Music video

Concept

The music video for "Shake It Off", directed by Mark Romanek, was released on August 18, 2014, the same day as the song's release. It was shot over three days in June 2014 in Los Angeles. Swift conceived the video as a humorous depiction of her trying to find her identity: "It takes a long time to figure out who you are and where you fit in in the world." To this end, the video depicts Swift as a clumsy person who unsuccessfully attempts dance moves with professional artists, including ballerinas, breakdancers, cheerleaders, and performance artists. She summed up the video: "I'm putting myself in all these awkward situations where the dancers are incredible, and I'm having fun with it, but not fitting in ... I'm being embarrassingly bad at it. It shows you to keep doing you, keep being you, keep trying to figure out where you fit in in the world, and eventually you will."

The dances were choreographed by Tyce Diorio. The video's final scenes feature Swift dancing with her fans, who had been handpicked by Swift through social media engagement. The video contains references to other areas of popular culture. For instance, VH1 noted the following resemblances: the ballerinas to the 2010 film Black Swan, the breakdancers to the 2010 film Step Up 3D, the "sparkling suits and robotic dance moves" to French electronic musicians Daft Punk, the twerking dance moves to Miley Cyrus, the cheerleaders to Toni Basil's 1981 video "Mickey", and Swift's black turtleneck and jeans to the outfits of Audrey Hepburn during an audition scene in the 1957 film Funny Face. Publications including the Los Angeles Times and The Sydney Morning Herald also noted references to Lady Gaga and Skrillex.

Analysis and reception
Molly Fitzpatrick of The Guardian considered Swift "a little too skilled a dancer" for the video's concept, writing: "The incongruent blend of modern dance, ballet, and breakdancing is fun, but the conceit falls flat." Peter Vincent from The Sydney Morning Herald called the video "unoriginal", citing the many popular culture references, and doubted Swift's success in transforming her image to pop. Media professor Maryn Wilkinson noted "Shake It Off" as a representation of Swift's "zany" persona during the 1989 era. Wilkinson noted that as Swift had been associated with a hardworking and authentic persona through her country songs, her venture to "artificial, manufactured" pop required intricate maneuvering to retain her sense of authenticity. As observed by Wilkinson, in the video, after failing every dance routine, Swift laughs at herself implying that she will never "fit in" to "any commercially viable image, and prefers to embrace her natural zany state instead". In doing so, Swift reminded the audience of her authenticity underneath "the artificial manufacture of pop performances".

"Shake It Off" attracted allegations of racism and cultural appropriation for perpetuating African American stereotypes such as twerking and breakdancing. Its release coinciding with the race relation debates revolving the Ferguson unrest was also met with criticism. Analyzing the video's supposedly "racializing surveillance" in a post-racial context, communications professor Rachel Dubrofsky noted the difference between Swift's depiction of conventionally white dance moves—such as ballet and cheerleading; and conventionally black dance moves—breakdancing and twerking. She argued that while Swift's outfits and demeanor when she performs ballet or cheerleading fit her "naturally", she "does not easily embody the break-dancer's body nor does the style of dress [while twerking] fit her seamlessly". Dubrofsky summarized the video as Swift's statement of her white authenticity: "I'm so white, you know it, I know it, which makes it so funny when I try to dance like a person of color."

The Washington Post noted the video's depiction of dance moves associated with people of color, such as twerking, was another case of an ongoing debate about white pop singers embracing black culture. Romanek defended his work: "We simply choose styles of dance that we thought would be popular and amusing ... If you look at [the video] carefully, it's a massively inclusive piece. And ... it's a satirical piece. It's playing with a whole range of music video tropes and cliches and stereotypes".

Accolades
"Shake It Off" appeared on many publications' lists of the best songs of 2014. It featured in the top ten on lists by Time Out (third), PopMatters (fourth), The Village Voice Pazz & Jop critics' poll (fourth), and Consequence (eighth). The track featured on 2014 year-end lists by Drowned in Sound (14th), Dagsavisen (16th), and NME (27th). It was ranked by NME and Consequence as the 19th and 38th best song of the 2010s decade, respectively. USA Today listed "Shake It Off" as one of the ten songs that defined the 2010s.

"Shake It Off" has received many industry awards and nominations. It was honored by the 2015 Nashville Songwriters Association International, where Swift was the Songwriter of the Year. The song received an award at the 2016 BMI Pop Awards, where Swift also earned the distinction of Songwriter of the Year. At the 57th Annual Grammy Awards in 2015, "Shake It Off" was nominated in three categories: Record of the Year, Song of the Year, (both categories lost to "Stay with Me" by Sam Smith) and Best Pop Solo Performance but lost to "Happy" by Pharrell Williams.

At the 2015 Billboard Music Awards, "Shake It Off" received three nominations, winning Top Streaming Song (Video). "Shake It Off" won Song of the Year at the 2015 iHeartRadio Music Awards, Favorite International Video at the 2015 Myx Music Awards (Philippines), and Favorite Song at the 2015 People's Choice Awards. The song was nominated for the Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards, Teen Choice Awards, Rockbjörnen Awards (Sweden), Radio Disney Music Awards, and Los Premios 40 Principales (Spain).

Live performances

Swift premiered "Shake It Off" on television at the 2014 MTV Video Music Awards on August 24, 2014. She performed the song at the German Radio Awards on September 4. As part of promotion of 1989, she performed the song on television shows including The X Factor UK on October 12, The X Factor Australia on October 20, Jimmy Kimmel Live! on October 23, and Good Morning America on October 29. On October 27, 2014, the day of 1989 release, she performed the song as part of a mini-concert titled the "1989 Secret Sessions", live broadcast by Yahoo! and iHeartRadio. She also played "Shake It Off" on music festivals including the iHeartRadio Music Festival on September 19, the We Can Survive benefit concert at the Hollywood Bowl on October 24, and the Jingle Ball Tour 2014 on December 5. At the after party for the 40th anniversary of Saturday Night Live, Swift performed the song in an impromptu performance with host Jimmy Fallon on backing vocals and Paul McCartney on backing vocals and bass guitar.

"Shake It Off" was included on the set list on three of Swift's world tours—the 1989 World Tour, where the song was the final number, the Reputation Stadium Tour, where Swift performed the song with Camila Cabello and Charli XCX as supporting acts, and the Eras Tour (2023). On April 23, 2019, she performed an acoustic version of the song at the Time 100 Gala, where she was honored as one of the "100 most influential" people of the year.

She again performed the song on the finale of the eighth season of The Voice France on May 25, on the Wango Tango festival on June 1, at the City of Lover one-off concert in Paris on September 9, and at the We Can Survive charity concert in Los Angeles on October 19, 2019. At the 2019 American Music Awards, where she was honored as the Artist of the Decade, Swift performed "Shake It Off" as part of a medley of her hits. Halsey and Cabello joined Swift onstage during the song. She again performed the song at Capital FM's Jingle Bell Ball 2019 in London and at iHeartRadio Z100's Jingle Ball in New York City.

Controversies

2014 Triple J Hottest 100
Following a January 13, 2015, article on BuzzFeed titled "Why Isn't Everyone Voting For 'Shake It Off' In The Hottest 100?", the #Tay4Hottest100 hashtag campaign on social media emerged during the voting period for the Triple J Hottest 100, an annual poll selecting the 100 most prominent songs by Australian radio station Triple J. The campaign led to a significant amount of media coverage as Australian music fans debated the merits of Swift's inclusion in the poll. One criterion for eligibility is being played on air by Triple J at least once in 2014; Swift's "Shake It Off" did not receive airplay, but a cover of the song by the folk group Milky Chance did. According to those critical of the campaign, the Hottest 100 is reserved for non-mainstream artists who were "discovered or fostered by Triple J" and provides valuable exposure for artists in the outer circles of the music industry. Those defending the campaign criticized Triple J's practice of favoring "masculine 'rockist' " and "alternative" artists for perpetuating cultural elitism and sexism. Guardian Australias Elle Hunt wrote, "the virulent response to #Tay4Hottest100 has revealed the persistence of a dichotomy I'd thought we'd thrown out long ago: that of high art versus low."

On January 20, 2015, Guardian Australia submitted a freedom of information request to the ABC in regard to the station's response to the campaign and the eligibility of "Shake It Off" for the Hottest 100 contest. Triple J's manager Chris Scaddan told the website Tone Deaf: "We don't comment on voting campaigns while Hottest 100 voting is open. It draws attention to them and may influence the results of the poll." On January 23, The Sydney Morning Herald citing University of Queensland reported that the #Tay4Hottest100 campaign had overwhelmed the Hottest 100 for 2014—over 7,341 Hottest 100 posts over the past 30 days related to Swift, compared to 230 related to Chet Faker, the current leader of the contest. "Shake It Off" was eventually disqualified by Triple J on January 26, 2015. In the announcement, Triple J acknowledged Swift's music and career but highlighted that her entry—which had not received airtime—would not reflect their spirit. They subsequently introduced two new rules that prohibited "trolling the poll"-type campaigns for the proceeding Hottest 100 polls.

Glen Fuller, a scholar in communications, described the #Tay4Hottest100 campaign as an example of "connective action" in the age of social media. As noted by Fuller, the emergence of personalized "action frames" expressing personal viewpoints intertwining with a larger framework of information created by media publications resulted in fragmented arguments that failed to result in a definite outcome.

Lawsuits
In November 2015, Jessie Braham, an R&B singer known by the stage name Jesse Graham, claimed that Swift plagiarized his 2013 song "Haters Gonna Hate", citing his lyrics "Haters gone hate, playas gone play. Watch out for them fakers, they'll fake you everyday." He stated that Swift's "hook is the same as mine" and that there would be no "Shake It Off" if he "hadn't written 'Haters Gonna Hate' ". In the lawsuit, he alleged that 92% of Swift's "Shake It Off" came from his song, and demanded $42 million in damages from Swift and the distributor Sony. On November 12, 2015, the lawsuit was dismissed by U.S. District Court Judge Gail Standish, who ruled that Braham did not have enough factual evidence but could file a new complaint "if his lawsuit deficiencies are corrected". Standish quoted lyrics from Swift's songs "We Are Never Ever Getting Back Together", "Bad Blood", "Blank Space" and "Shake It Off":
At present, the Court is not saying that Braham can never, ever, ever get his case back in court. But, for now, we have got problems, and the Court is not sure Braham can solve them. As currently drafted, the Complaint has a blank space – one that requires Braham to do more than write his name. And, upon consideration of the Court's explanation ... Braham may discover that mere pleading BandAids will not fix the bullet holes in his case. At least for the moment, Defendants have shaken off this lawsuit.

In September 2017, songwriters Sean "Sep" Hall and Nate Butler sued Swift for copyright infringement. They alleged that the lyrics of "Shake It Off" plagiarized those of "Playas Gon' Play" (2001), a song they wrote for girl group 3LW, citing their lyrics, "Playas they gon' play, and haters they gonna hate / Ballers they gon' ball, shot callers they gonna call." U.S. District Judge Michael W. Fitzgerald, in February 2018, dismissed the case on the grounds that the lyrics in question were too "banal" to be copyrighted; but U.S. Circuit Judges John B. Owens, Andrew D. Hurwitz, and Kenneth K. Lee of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, in October 2019, reversed the ruling, holding that the district court had "constituted itself as the final judge of the worth of an expressive work", and sent the case back to the district court.

Swift's legal team filed new documents for dismissal of the suit in July 2020, and in July 2021, filed for a summary judgment, arguing that the discovery phase of the lawsuit has turned up evidence in their favor. On December 9, 2021, Fitzgerald refused Swift's request for a summary judgement. Swift's legal team filed a second motion to dismiss the case on December 23, claiming the Fitzgerald's ruling was "unprecedented and cheats the public domain" if the plaintiffs could sue everyone who uses the phrases in any songwriting, singing or says it publicly. On January 14, 2022, Hall and Butler's legal team filed a response stating, "The rules simply do not provide defendants with vehicles for rehashing old arguments and are not intended to give an unhappy litigant one additional chance to sway the judge." On December 12, 2022, the lawsuit was dropped with no final verdict.

Cover versions and usage in media
"Shake It Off" has been covered by other musicians. English singer Labrinth performed a cover of the song at BBC Radio 1's Live Lounge September 20, 2014. English singer Charli XCX delivered a punk rock-inspired version at BBC Radio 1's Live Lounge in February 2015. Her version was nominated for Best Cover Song at the 2015 mtvU Woodie Awards. Rock singer Ryan Adams covered "Shake It Off" on his track-by-track cover of Swift's 1989, released in September 2015. The cover incorporates acoustic instruments and a thumping drum line which critics compared to that on Bruce Springsteen's 1985 song "I'm on Fire".

The song has featured in parodies and homages. In an April 2015 episode of Lip Sync Battle, actor Dwayne Johnson lip synced to "Shake It Off" and Bee Gees' 1977 song "Stayin' Alive" in a battle against Jimmy Fallon, and won. The title of "Chris Has Got a Date, Date, Date, Date, Date", a Family Guy episode featuring a fictionalized character of Swift aired on November 6, 2016, is a pun on the lyrics of "Shake It Off". Actress Reese Witherspoon and comedian Nick Kroll covered the song with EDM crossover elements for the soundtrack to the musical animated film Sing (2016). "Shake It Off" was also sung by Mexican-Kenyan actress Lupita Nyong'o on a ukulele in the 2019 film Little Monsters. A cover of the song by the cast of the 2020 television series Zoey's Extraordinary Playlist was featured in the final episode of its second season.

Personnel
Credits are adapted from the liner notes of 1989.
 Taylor Swift – vocals, background vocals, songwriter, clapping, shouts
 Cory Bice – assistant recording
 Tom Coyne – mastering
 Serban Ghenea – mixing
 John Hanes – engineering for mix
 Sam Holland – recording
 Michael Ilbert – recording
 Jonas Lindeborg – trumpet
 Max Martin – producer, songwriter, keyboard, programming, claps, shouts
 Shellback – producer, songwriter, acoustic guitar, bass guitar, keyboard, background vocals, drums, programming, claps, shouts, percussion
 Jonas Thander – saxophone
 Magnus Wiklund – trombone

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Decade-end charts

All-time charts

Certifications

Release history

"Shake It Off (Taylor's Version)"

After signing a new contract with Republic Records, Swift began re-recording her first six studio albums in November 2020. The decision followed a public 2019 dispute between Swift and talent manager Scooter Braun, who acquired Big Machine Records, including the masters of Swift's albums which the label had released. By re-recording the albums, Swift had full ownership of the new masters, which enabled her to control the licensing of her songs for commercial use and therefore substituted the Big Machine–owned masters.

The re-recording of "Shake It Off", subtitled "Taylor's Version", was released as part of 1989's re-recording, 1989 (Taylor's Version), on October 27, 2023. Swift produced "Shake It Off (Taylor's Version)" with Christopher Rowe, who had produced her previous re-recordings. The track was engineered by Derek Garten and Lowell Reynolds at Prime Recording Studio in Nashville, Tennessee; mixed by Ghenea at MixStar Studios in Virginia Beach, Virginia; and mastered by Randy Merrill at Sterling Sound in Edgewater, New Jersey. Rowe and Sam Holland recorded Swift's vocals at Conway Recording Studios in Los Angeles and Kitty Committee Studio in New York.

Personnel
Credits are adapted from the liner notes of 1989 (Taylor's Version).

Technical

 Taylor Swift – producer
 Bryce Bordone – engineer for mix
 Mattias Bylund – horn recording, horn editing
 Derek Garten – engineering, additional programming, editing
 Serban Ghenea – mixing
 Sam Holland – vocals recording
 Lowell Reynolds – engineering, additional programming, editing
 Christopher Rowe – vocals recording, producer

Musicians

 Taylor Swift – vocals, background vocals
 Robert Allen – foot stomps, handclaps, background vocals
 Max Bernstein – synth horns
 Matt Billingslea – percussion
 Janne Bjerger – trumpet
 Mattias Bylund – synth horns, conducting
 Wojtek Goral – alto saxophone, baritone saxophone
 Amos Heller – bass
 Peter Noos Johansson – trombone, tuba
 Magnus Johansson – trumpet
 Tomas Jönsson –  baritone saxophone, tenor saxophone
 Mike Meadows – synthesizer, background vocals
 Johan Schuster – drums, laser harp
 Paul Sidoti – electric guitar, background vocals
 Christopher Rowe – trumpet, background vocals

See also
 List of best-selling singles in Australia
 List of Billboard Hot 100 number ones singles of 2014
 List of Billboard Adult Contemporary number ones of 2014
 List of Billboard Adult Contemporary number ones of 2015
 List of Canadian Hot 100 number-one singles of 2014
 List of number-one digital songs of 2014 (U.S.)
 List of number-one singles of 2014 (Australia)
 List of number-one singles from the 2010s (New Zealand)
 List of most-viewed YouTube videos
 List of most-liked YouTube videos

Footnotes

References

Bibliography

2014 singles
2014 songs
Big Machine Records singles
Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles
Canadian Hot 100 number-one singles
Dance-pop songs
Internet memes
Internet memes introduced in 2014
Music videos directed by Mark Romanek
Number-one singles in Australia
Number-one singles in Hungary
Number-one singles in New Zealand
Song recordings produced by Max Martin
Song recordings produced by Shellback (record producer)
Song recordings produced by Taylor Swift
Song recordings produced by Chris Rowe
Songs written by Taylor Swift
Songs written by Max Martin
Songs written by Shellback (record producer)
Songs involved in plagiarism controversies
Taylor Swift songs
Number-one singles in Poland
Reese Witherspoon songs
Ryan Adams songs


title: Edmund Cieczkiewicz

text:
Edmund Cieczkiewicz (1872-1958) was a Polish painter and graphic designer. Best known for his Romantic landscapes, he is often dubbed "the last student of Matejko".

Born in Barszczowice near Lwów (modern Lviv, then in Austro-Hungarian Galicia), Cieczkiewicz graduated from a gymnasium in Nowy Sącz and in 1887 joined the Kraków Academy of Fine Arts. There he studied painting under the tutelage of Florian Cynk, Władysław Łuszczkiewicz and Leon Wyczółkowski, as well as Jan Matejko and Teodor Axentowicz. He graduated in 1898, along his better-known colleagues: Józef Mehoffer, Stanisław Wyspiański, Xawery Dunikowski and Wojciech Weiss.

Although a skilled painter, his personal situation prevented him from devoting his life solely to art. Instead upon graduation he started working for Imperial Royal Austrian State Railways as a railway clerk. He continued to paint though, notably portraits and mountain landscapes of the Beskids and Tatra Mountains, as well as Volhynia and Białowieża Forest.

Among the best-known of his works are a series of paintings adorning the train stations of Tarnów and Nowy Sącz (finished around 1910). The Imperial Royal Austrian State Railways were so impressed with the series that it ordered a similar series of Alpine landscapes for the Salzburg Hauptbahnhof, however the outbreak of World War I prevented their completion. Apart from paintings, Cieczkiewicz also painted a series of promotional posters for the 1929 Polish General Exhibition in Poznań (1929) and numerous postcards.

After the war Cieczkiewicz retired and settled in Wierchomla before moving to Kamionka Wielka, Piwniczna and finally to Rytro, where he spent the remainder of his life. He died 31 January 1958 in Rytro and was buried at the local Catholic cemetery.

References

Citations

Bibliography

1872 births
1958 deaths
19th-century Polish painters
19th-century Polish male artists
20th-century Polish painters
20th-century Polish male artists
Jan Matejko Academy of Fine Arts alumni
Polish male painters
Painters from Austria-Hungary


title: Chris Attoh

text:
Chris Attoh (born Christopher Keith Nii Attoh; May 17, 1979) is a Ghanaian actor, film director, on-air personality, television presenter and producer. He is best known as "Kwame Mensah" in Nigerian soap opera Tinsel.

Education
He attended the New York Film Academy, Achimota School and Accra Academy. At Accra Academy, his classmates included the media businessman and radio personality Nathan Adisi. He then moved on to KNUST where he studied for a Bachelor of Art in Painting degree. He later went to London to study Banking and Securities.

Hosting of events
He co-hosted the 2016 edition of the Vodafone Ghana Music Awards with Naa Ashorkor and DJ Black. He was also the MC of the 2014 edition of F.A.C.E List Awards in New York City along with Sandra Appiah.

Personal life
He was previously married to Damilola Adegbite, but was reported to be divorced in September 2017. He remarried on Saturday 6 October 2018 to Bettie Jennifer, a US-based businesswoman at a private ceremony in Accra.

Filmography

Films
 Sylvia (2020)
 The Perfect Picture
 The Perfect Picture – Ten Years Later (2020)
 In Line (2018)
 An Accidental Zombie (Named Ted) (2018)
 A Trip to Jamaica (2016)
 "Happiness is a Four Letter Word" (2016)
 Flower Girl (2013)
 Journey to Self (2012)
 Single and Married (2012)
 Bad Luck Joe
 Scorned
 Life and Living It
 Esohe
 A Soldiers Story 2; Return from the Dead
 Love and Cancer
 Love and War
 Moving On
 Closure
 International Affairs
 Lotana
 The Rangers; Shadows Rising
 Sinking Sands
 One More Day
 The In-laws
 Potato Potatho
 Kintampo
 All About Love
 Choices
 Somniphobia
 Lovers Discretion
 James Town
 Six hours To Christmas
 Love and War
 Swings

Television
 A House Divided (U.M.C) 2019–2020
 Fifty – the series 2020
 BRAT TV 2020
 Tinsel (2008–2013)
 Shuga (season 3) (2013–2015)

Web
Our Best Friend's Wedding - Season 1 (2017)

References

External links

 Ameyaw Debrah, "Chris Attoh’s Son Celebrates First Birthday", YEN.
 Laila's Blog, "Damilola Adegbite removes husband’s name, unfollows him, and deletes all his photos from IG", Laila's Blog.

Alumni of the Accra Academy
Ghanaian male film actors
Ghanaian male television actors
Ghanaian film producers
1979 births
Living people
Place of birth missing (living people)
21st-century Ghanaian male actors
Ghanaian film directors
Ghanaian television personalities
Ghanaian film actors


title: Baptiste Santamaria

text:
Baptiste Santamaria (; born 9 March 1995) is a French professional footballer who plays as a central midfielder for Ligue 1 club Rennes.

Club career
Santamaria is a youth exponent from Tours. He made his Ligue 2 debut on 18 October 2013 against CA Bastia replacing Bryan Bergougnoux after 88 minutes in a 2–1 away win at the Stade Armand Cesari.

On 25 June 2016, Santamaria joined Ligue 1 side Angers after a transfer fee offer of €400,000 from Angers to Tours had previously been rejected by the latter.

In September 2020, Santamaria moved to Bundesliga club SC Freiburg after protracted negotiations with Angers. German sports magazine kicker reported the transfer fee as "about €10 million", the highest in SC Freiburg's history.

On 17 August 2021, Santamaria transferred to Ligue 1 club Rennes for a reported fee of €14 million.

Career statistics

References

External links
 Rennais profile

Living people
1995 births
Men's association football midfielders
French men's footballers
France men's youth international footballers
Tours FC players
Angers SCO players
SC Freiburg players
Stade Rennais F.C. players
Ligue 1 players
Ligue 2 players
Bundesliga players
French expatriate men's footballers
French expatriate sportspeople in Germany
Expatriate men's footballers in Germany
French people of Spanish descent
Sportspeople from Cher (department)
Footballers from Centre-Val de Loire


title: 1999 Offaly County Council election

text:
An election to Offaly County Council took place on 10 June 1999 as part of that year's Irish local elections. 21 councillors were elected from five local electoral areas  for a five-year term of office on the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV).

Results by party

Results by local electoral area

Birr

Edenderry

Ferbane

Tullamore

External links
 Official website

1999 Irish local elections
1999


title: Lists of distribution companies

text:
These are lists of companies involved in the distribution of products or services.

 List of animation distribution companies
 List of book distributors
 List of film distributors by country


title: Onils Idrizaj

text:
Onils Idrizaj (born 23 February 1991 in Vlorë) is an Albanian football player. The forward most recently played for Flamurtari Vlorë in the Albanian Superliga.

Honours

Flamurtari
 Albanian Cup (1): 2013–14

References

1991 births
Living people
Footballers from Vlorë
Albanian men's footballers
Men's association football midfielders
Men's association football forwards
Flamurtari FC players
FK Apolonia Fier players
KF Tomori players
KF Sopoti players
KF Bylis players
Kategoria Superiore players
Kategoria e Parë players


title: Meadville, Nebraska

text:
Meadville is an unincorporated hamlet in Keya Paha County, Nebraska, United States. There is a combination store and post office located there, as well as three or four occupied homes.

History
A post office was established at Meadville in 1883.   The first postmaster was Merrit I. Mead, who gave the town his name.

References

Unincorporated communities in Keya Paha County, Nebraska
Unincorporated communities in Nebraska


title: Let It Be (Labrinth song)

text:
"Let It Be" is a song by English electronic musician Labrinth. Written and produced with Gustave Rudman, the song was released on 28 September 2014.

Style and production
Speaking about the song to the Official Charts Company, Labrinth has stated that he was influenced by acts such as Electric Light Orchestra, Nina Simone, James Brown and John Barry when writing and recording "Let It Be", explaining that he "wanted to go gospel and soul and mix it with rock and electronic production" on the track.

The lyrical content of the song is said to be influenced by Labrinth's anxiety over his second album, with the artist offering the following overview of the track's origins:

Release
The debut of "Let It Be" took place in the form of a live performance by Labrinth and his band at Camden Market in London on 17 August 2014, after which the song debuted on radio the following day. On 19 August, the full song was released online. Upon its release, Labrinth explained that "I knew I had been gone a long time and needed to come back with a single that was special, something forward-thinking ... I wanted an opening statement to my second album and I put extra pressure on myself to come up with that".

Critical reception
Upon release, "Let It Be" received generally positive reception from critics. Writing for 4Music, reviewer Jessica Lever described the track as "fresh, catchy and upbeat". 4Music later called the song a "sexy new soul jam".

Idolator contributor Rachel Sonis explained that "While it might not be a party-starter like his Tinie Tempah-assisted club banger "Earthquake", ["Let It Be"] not only lets his sultry pipes shine through, but also shows a real maturation for the 25-year-old English crooner". Rachel Sonis of Idolator described the video as "dizzying" and "eerie", while a news story by radio station Kiss dubbed it "stripped back".

Music video
The music video for "Let It Be", directed by duo Us (Luke Taylor and Christopher Barrett), was released on 27 August 2014. Announcing its release, Lewis Corner of website Digital Spy described that the video "sees a single camera shot pan over various stages [of] the album creation process, with Labrinth at the piano, in the recording booth, being interviewed on TV and getting frustrated in a record label meeting". A behind the scenes video was also released documenting the creation process for the music video.

Charts

References

External links
Official music video on YouTube

2014 songs
2014 singles
Labrinth songs
Song recordings produced by Labrinth


title: Toca-Toca

text:
"Toca-Toca" is a song performed by Romanian band Fly Project. It was recorded in late 2013, in the duo's own recording studio. The song was released on 18 September 2013, on Roton Records. It is a bilingual Latin dance song, sung in English and Spanish and contains some similarities to Eurodance and house music.

The song became popular in early 2014 with Kontor - House of House dance series including it in Volume 19 in February 2014.
Following this, "Toca-Toca" became a huge hit in Romania, defending the third position for three non-consecutive weeks. In Spain's PROMUSICAE, the single reached number seventeen. In the French SNEP, the song became a top 10 hit and stayed in the charts for 24 weeks. It also became a top-50 hit in Belgium and a top-80 hit in Switzerland. Although it didn't reach the Italian charts, it was certified gold by the Federation of the Italian Music Industry, denoting downloads exceeding 15,000 units in Italy."Toca-Toca" was one of the best-selling singles of 2014 in Eastern Europe and reached, as reported by bestmusic.ro, number 56 in the famous chart Shazam World Top 100.

Music video
The official music video was released on 28th of October 2013, and was filmed by Romanian director Alex Ceausu of Ador Media on Rin Grand Hotel's roof in Bucharest, Romania over a period of 24 hours.  The video focuses on two bears who meet and fall in love. When they arrive at a roof party, where Fly Project is singing, the bears try to get the duo on the stage to sing for them. The video exceeds 69 million views on the duo's official YouTube account as of 3rd of January 2017. In 2023, a population video were used on the anime version from the Anime Music Video, the video exceeds on 59 million views. A official Tooniverse's The Haunted House YouTube channel was uploaded as a YouTube Shorts on April 5, 2023, were the characters name Jubi and Shinbi are dancing from the population anime video in the fifth season from the episode 2.

Track listings
Digital download
 "Toca-Toca" (Radio Edit) -
 "Toca-Toca" (Extended Version) -

Italian remix EP (Released: February 13, 2014)
 "Toca-Toca" (Extended Version) - 4:47
 "Toca-Toca" (Pee4Tee Remix) - 4:18
 "Toca-Toca" (NRD1 Remix) - 5:27
 "Toca-Toca" (Gil Sanders Remix) - 4:21
 "Toca-Toca" (Radio Edit) - 2:45

The best of Fly Project EP (Released: October 09, 2014)
 "Musica" (Radio Edit) - 3:39
 "Toca-Toca" (Radio Edit) - 2:45
 "Back In My Life" (Radio Edit) - 3:16
 "Musica" (Mollela Remix) - 4:56
 "Musica" (Pee4Tee Remix) - 5:30
 "Toca-Toca" (Joe Bertė Remix) - 5:32
 "Toca-Toca" (Gigi Soriani Remix) - 4:29
 "Back In My Life" (Felipe C. Remix) - 5:36
 "Back In My Life" (Alex Noc Remix) - 5:16
 "Back In My Life" (Daniele P. Remix) - 7:09

Summer remixes EP (Released: July 29, 2014)
 "Toca-Toca" (Joe Bertė Remix) - 5:32
 "Toca-Toca" (Gigi Soriani Remix) - 4:29
 "Toca-Toca" (Daniele Tek Remix) - 6:02
 "Toca-Toca" (Felipe C. Remix) - 5:50
 "Toca-Toca" (Mastro J Remix) - 4:38
 "Toca-Toca" (Venuti & Guat Remix) - 4:44
 "Toca-Toca" (Joe Bertė Remix Edit) - 3:41

Charts and certifications

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Certifications

References

2014 singles
Macaronic songs
2014 songs
Eurodance songs
Internet memes introduced in 2023


title: Kingman's subadditive ergodic theorem

text:
In mathematics, Kingman's subadditive ergodic theorem is one of several ergodic theorems. It can be seen as a generalization of Birkhoff's ergodic theorem.
Intuitively, the subadditive ergodic theorem is a kind of random variable version of Fekete's lemma (hence the name ergodic). As a result, it can be rephrased in the language of probability, e.g. using a sequence of random variables and expected values.  The theorem is named after John Kingman.

Statement of theorem
Let  be a measure-preserving transformation on the probability space , and let  be a sequence of  functions such that  (subadditivity relation). Then

for -a.e. x, where g(x) is T-invariant. If T is ergodic, then g(x) is a constant.

Applications
Taking  recovers Birkhoff's pointwise ergodic theorem.

Kingman's subadditive ergodic theorem can be used to prove statements about Lyapunov exponents. It also has applications to percolations and probability/random variables.

References

External links

 Theorem proof (Steele)

Ergodic theory


title: Cheshire Farm Trail

text:
The Cheshire Farm Trail is a walking trail along the South Fork of Peachtree Creek in Atlanta. Ribbon cutting occurred in September 2014.

The trail, costing ca. 1 million US dollars, was funded by Georgia Department of Transportation to appease local residents who were not happy about construction of a flyover for the Georgia 400/I-85 interchange. The trail is named for the Cheshire family, Atlanta pioneers. Two brothers of the family had homesteads across the creek from each other. The bridge they built gives name to the local thoroughfare Cheshire Bridge Road

References

Hiking trails in Atlanta


title: Seven Stars, Falmouth

text:
The Seven Stars is a Grade II listed public house in Falmouth, Cornwall. It was built in about 1800 and subsequently extended in 1912 to include an off-licence, which later became a shop. The building was made of rendered stone, though the modern building is made of brick, both parts having a slate roof.

History
The Seven Stars was supposedly opened in 1660 and so is the oldest pub in Falmouth, though the present building is dated to approximately 1800. The interior is dated to the 19th century, leading it to be listed on Campaign for Real Ale's National Inventory of Historic Pub Interiors.

A review in The Telegraph mentioned that the public house had a dated feel, due to the style of the interiors, but that it was a "total treasure". The building was designated Grade II listed building status on 6 June 2000.

The Seven Stars was in the hands of the same family for seven generations since 1853; for 60 years the Rev. Barrington Bennetts (an Anglican clergyman who died in 2011) was the licensee. The current landlady is his granddaughter.

Architecture
This three-storey public house was originally built in approximately 1800. During the 19th century, the building was re-fronted, and a lean-to extension was added at the rear of the building. A further extension on the right of the building is dated 1912, originally functioned as an off-licence, but now serves as a shop. The original building is made of rendered stone, while the modern addition is rendered brickwork. The roof for both parts are made of slate. At the corners of the building are raised quoins on the upper floors.

The building has panelled doors off centre of the original building, and on the left hand side of the shop extension. At the top of the building, the eaves have a painted timber board displaying the name, The Seven Stars. Inside the bar has long rectangular panels, with simple shelves and there are seats built under the windows. The Seven Stars is unusual in that it still includes its panelling and features from the 19th century.

References

Grade II listed pubs in Cornwall
National Inventory Pubs
Buildings and structures in Falmouth, Cornwall


title: Xavier Chavalerin

text:
Xavier Chavalerin (born 7 March 1991) is a French professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Ligue 1 club Troyes.

Career
Chavalerin joined Tours in 2012 from Olympique Lyonnais. He made his Ligue 2 debut at 30 July 2012 against AS Monaco replacing Billy Ketkeophomphone at half-time in a 4–0 away loss.

In July 2015, Chavalerin joined newly promoted team Red Star.

Chavalerin helped Stade de Reims win the 2017–18 Ligue 2, helping promote them to the Ligue 1 for the 2018–19 season.

On 29 August 2021, he joined Troyes on a three-year contract.

Career statistics

References

External links

Xavier Chavalerin foot-national.com Profile

1991 births
Living people
People from Villeurbanne
Footballers from Lyon Metropolis
Men's association football midfielders
French men's footballers
Olympique Lyonnais players
Tours FC players
Red Star F.C. players
Stade de Reims players
ES Troyes AC players
Ligue 1 players
Ligue 2 players


title: Catoptria oregonicus

text:
Catoptria oregonicus, the western catoptria or Oregon catoptria moth, is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Augustus Radcliffe Grote in 1880. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from British Columbia and Alberta to Montana, Oregon and northern coastal California. The habitat consists of meadows in the mountains and foothills.

The wingspan is 17–21 mm. The forewings are white with brown scaling and a central white streak. The hindwings are pale brownish grey. Adults are on wing from July to early September.

References

Crambini
Moths described in 1880
Moths of North America


title: Catoptria pandora

text:
Catoptria pandora is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Stanisław Błeszyński in 1965. It is found in Yunnan, China.

References

Crambini
Moths described in 1965
Moths of Asia


title: Wet process

text:
In process engineering Wet process may refer to:

Wet sulfuric acid process for the manufacture of Sulphuric acid
Any wet process in textile engineering, see Wet processing engineering
The wet process in Coffee production
The wet process in Coconut oil production
The wet process used in cement manufacture in Cement kilns
A wet process in the manufacture of Separators for electrochemical cells
The wet process for the production of Phosphoric acid from  sulfuric acid and tricalcium phosphate rock
The wet process or "Mason method" for the manufacture of Hardboard


title: Rappang

text:
Rappang is a small town in the Panca Rijang District, Sidenreng Rappang Regency in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The village is located  north east of Pare-Pare.

History

The word Rappang is derived from the Buginese word Rappeng, means a washed away branch/twig. In the ancient times, the Saddang river flowing in Rappang was quite wide and had great torrent with a dense wood in the upstream. When the rainy season had arrived, the branches of the trees were washed away and formed the mainland, became a place of settlement and later was named Rappang.

The Kingdoms
Historically, there were two kingdoms, one was Sidenreng kingdom and another one was Rappang. Both kingdoms were very intimate, so it is hard to find clear demarcation. Even in matters of royal reigns, both could co-exist. Many Times, the tribal chief of Sidenreng took the seat of the Rappang kingdom and vice versa. People in two kingdoms used the same dialect and daily conversational language was also similar. The main difference is its geographical location.  Rappang region occupied the northern position, while the kingdom of Sidenreng located in the southern part.

At the time of recognition of the sovereignty of the Republik Indonesia by the Netherlands on December 27, 1949, both the Kingdom of Rappang and Sidenreng also ended. During the time, the kingdom of Sidenreng was one of the earliest to indicate its nationalism by giving up its kingdom system, although the system had been long with 21 times changes of leaders. They chose to change and blend into Indonesian state administration system. The kingdoms eventually melt into Sidenreng Rappang Regency, with its first regent was H. Andi Sapada Mapangile.  On October 29, 2008 people of Sidenreng and Rappang  direct-voted their bupati for the first time.

References

External links

 Kabupaten Sidenreng rappang

Villages in South Sulawesi


title: Catoptria persephone

text:
Catoptria persephone is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Stanisław Błeszyński in 1965. It is found in Yunnan, China.

References

Crambini
Moths described in 1965
Moths of Asia


title: Catoptria pfeifferi

text:
Catoptria pfeifferi is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Osthelder in 1938. It is found in Iran.

References

Crambini
Moths described in 1938
Moths of Asia


title: Catoptria profluxella

text:
Catoptria profluxella is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Hugo Theodor Christoph in 1887. It is found in Transcaucasia and the northern Caucasus.

References

Crambini
Moths described in 1887
Moths of Asia


title: Catoptria satakei

text:
Catoptria satakei is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Okano in 1962. It is found in Japan (Hokkaido).

References

Crambini
Moths described in 1962
Moths of Japan


title: Catoptria spodiellus

text:
Catoptria spodiellus is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Rebel in 1916. It is found in Russia (Tuva, Transbaikalia).

References

Crambini
Moths described in 1916
Moths of Asia


title: Martin Schmidt (football manager)

text:
Martin Schmidt (born 12 April 1967) is a Swiss professional football manager and current sporting director of 1. FSV Mainz 05.

Coaching career

Early career
Schmidt began his coaching career as an assistant coach at FC Raron and the youth team of FC Thun. On 30 March 2010, he signed a contract with 1. FSV Mainz 05 II, valid until 2013. He extended his contract until 2015 on 21 February 2013.

Mainz 05
Schmidt became new head coach of 1. FSV Mainz 05 on 17 February 2015 after Kasper Hjulmand had been sacked. His contract was extended until 2018 on 21 April 2015. On 22 May 2017, it was announced that his contract with Mainz 05 was dissolved prematurely in accordance with the club's board.

VfL Wolfsburg
Immediately after Andries Jonker was sacked in September 2017, Schmidt was appointed manager of the club. On 19 February 2018, Schmidt resigned effective immediately.

FC Augsburg
He was appointed as the new head coach of FC Augsburg on 9 April 2019. He was sacked on 9 March 2020 following a 2–0 defeat to Bayern Munich.

Back to Mainz 05
On 28 December 2020 it was confirmed, that Schmidt had returned to 1. FSV Mainz 05, however, this time as a sporting director.

Personal life
Schmidt was a part-time auto mechanic before becoming manager.

Managerial statistics

References

External links
Profile at scoreway.com

1967 births
Swiss men's footballers
Swiss football managers
Living people
3. Liga managers
1. FSV Mainz 05 managers
VfL Wolfsburg managers
FC Augsburg managers
Bundesliga managers
Expatriate football managers in Germany
Swiss expatriate sportspeople in Germany
1. FSV Mainz 05 II managers
Men's association football midfielders


title: Benjamin Bertrand

text:
Benjamin Bertrand (born 24 June 1992) is a French retired professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper.

Career

Tours
Bertrand went through various academies, including those of Real Sociedad, Girondins Bordeaux, and Tours FC. From the latter, he eventually managed to break into professional football, making his Ligue 2 debut on 1 August 2014 against US Créteil-Lusitanos in a 4–2 home win. Bertrand was occasionally also used in the second team providing him with game time. After the 2014–15 season, his contract did not get extended.

Young Lions
After being a free agent for the first half of the 2015–16 season, he signed a six-month contract with Singaporean side Young Lions, for the 2016 S.League season, making him the highest paid player on the team. He made his debut in the fourth game of the season, helping his new side to a more respectable score-line against nine times champions Warriors FC. After the 2016 S.League season ended, Bertrand decided to not extend his contract, deciding for a return to Europe.

Return to Europe
Since his return to Europe, Bertrand has remained a free agent, attracting a variety of teams. He has been on trial with French Ligue 2 team Sochaux-Montbéliard.

Francs Borains
After several trials with various clubs, Bertrand signed with Belgian Third Amateur Division club Francs Borains on 29 January 2018 until the end of the season.

Pau FC
On 15 July 2019, and after being a free agent for one year, Bertrand signed a contract with Championnat National club Pau FC. On 16 November 2019, he made his debut for the club, in a 1–0 victory over FC Alberes Argelès, in the seventh round of the Coupe de France. On 16 January 2020, Bertrand was given game time in the round of 32 of the Coupe de France against Girondins Bordeaux, in which Pau sensationally won 3–2 after extra-time. On 8 January 2021, Bertrand gave his league debut in a 3–1 defeat against Chambly. He decided to retire from professional football at the end of the 2021–22 season.

Career statistics

Club

References

Living people
1992 births
Men's association football goalkeepers
French men's footballers
Ligue 2 players
Championnat National players
Championnat National 3 players
Singapore Premier League players
Tours FC players
Young Lions FC players
Pau FC players
French expatriate men's footballers
Francs Borains players


title: Catoptria submontivaga

text:
Catoptria submontivaga is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Stanisław Błeszyński in 1965. It is found in Hokkaido, Japan.

References

Crambini
Moths described in 1965
Moths of Japan


title: Dry process

text:
In process engineering Dry process may refer to:

Dry process (cement) used in cement manufacture using Cement kilns
Dry spinning process in fibre spinning
Dry process in Coffee production
Dry process in Coconut oil production
Dry process in the manufacture of Separators for electrochemical cells


title: Catoptria thibetica

text:
Catoptria thibetica is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Stanisław Błeszyński in 1965. It is found in Tibet, China.

References

Crambini
Moths described in 1965
Moths of Asia


title: Larry Ivy

text:
Larry Ivy (born 1943/1944) is a former athletic director for the University of Kentucky.

Ivy, an alumnus of the University of Alabama, was hired by the University of Kentucky in 1969 as director of student housing.  In 1976, he began working in the athletic department at UK as assistant athletic director and later associate athletics director for internal affairs under then-AD C. M. Newton.   He was promoted to senior associate AD in 1993.

On June 30, 2000, Ivy became Athletic Director upon Newton's retirement.   On March 5, 2002, Ivy resigned amid a review of the athletic department by UK President Lee Todd, Jr. following discovery of NCAA violations in the football program under coach Hal Mumme.

In April, 2004, Ivy was a candidate for the athletics director position at Tennessee Tech, but withdrew his name from consideration to focus on his business interests.   Ivy was one of the rights holders of Papa John's Pizza franchises in Russia.

References

Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
University of Alabama alumni
Kentucky Wildcats athletic directors
1940s births


title: Catoptria trichostomus

text:
Catoptria trichostomus is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Hugo Theodor Christoph in 1858. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from Alaska to Labrador and Baffin Island in the Northwest Territories, south in the Rocky Mountains to southern Alberta. It is also found in the Russian Far East. The habitat consists of coniferous forests.

The wingspan is 17–20 mm. The forewings are dark brown with a blackish median band followed by a whitish band. The hindwings are brown.

References

Crambini
Moths described in 1858
Moths of Asia
Moths of North America


title: Pheasant Inn, Bassenthwaite

text:
The Pheasant Inn is a public house at The Pheasant Inn, Bassenthwaite, Cumbria CA13 9YE. It is Grade II listed.

It is on the Campaign for Real Ale's National Inventory of Historic Pub Interiors.

References

National Inventory Pubs
Grade II listed pubs in Cumbria
Cumberland (unitary authority)


title: Catoptria viridiana

text:
Catoptria viridiana is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Stanisław Błeszyński in 1965. It is found in Honshu, Japan.

References

Crambini
Moths described in 1965
Moths of Japan


title: Catoptria witimella

text:
Catoptria witimella is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Stanisław Błeszyński in 1965. It is found in western Siberia in Russia.

References

Crambini
Moths described in 1965
Moths of Asia


title: Catoptria xerxes

text:
Catoptria xerxes is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Sauber in 1904. It is found in China (Xinjiang).

References

Crambini
Moths described in 1904
Moths of Asia


title: Saîf-Eddine Khaoui

text:
Saîf-Eddine Khaoui (; born 27 April 1995) is a professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for UAE Pro League club Khor Fakkan. Born in France, he plays for the Tunisia national team.

Club career

Tours
Khaoui is a youth exponent from Tours. He made his Ligue 2 debut on 14 February 2014 against Istres in a 1–0 away loss.

Marseille
On 18 June 2016, Tours confirmed that they had reached an agreement with Marseille for the sale of Khaoui. He made his league debut on 14 August 2016 in a 0–0 draw with Toulouse, replacing Florian Thauvin at halftime.

Loan to Troyes
On 26 July 2017, having spent only a month at Marseille, Khaoui was sent out on loan to Troyes. He made his debut on 5 August 2017 in a 1–1 draw with Rennes.

Loan to Cannes
On 31 August 2018, the last day of the 2018 transfer window, Khaoui joined Caen on loan for the 2018–19 season.

Clermont
On 14 August 2021, Khaoui joined newly promoted Ligue 1 side Clermont on a two-year deal.

Khor Fakkan
On 11 June 2023, it was confirmed that Khaoui would join UAE Pro League club Khor Fakkan following the expiration of his Clermont contract.

International career
Khaoui was called up by the Tunisia U21 squad, and scored in his debut against Nigeria U21. He was called up to the Tunisia Olympic team for their matches in 2016.

Khaoui made his senior debut for the Tunisia national team in a friendly 1–0 win over Iran on 23 March 2018.

In June 2018 he was named in Tunisia's 23-man squad for the 2018 FIFA World Cup in Russia.

Personal life
Khaoui was born and raised in France to parents of Tunisian descent.

Career statistics

Scores and results list Tunisia's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Khaoui goal.

References

1995 births
Living people
French sportspeople of Tunisian descent
Tunisian men's footballers
French men's footballers
Footballers from Paris
Men's association football midfielders
Tunisia men's international footballers
2018 FIFA World Cup players
Ligue 1 players
Ligue 2 players
Championnat National 2 players
UAE Pro League players
INF Clairefontaine players
Entente SSG players
Tours FC players
Olympique de Marseille players
ES Troyes AC players
Stade Malherbe Caen players
Clermont Foot players
Khor Fakkan Club players
2021 Africa Cup of Nations players
Tunisian expatriate men's footballers
French expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in the United Arab Emirates
Tunisian expatriate sportspeople in the United Arab Emirates
French expatriate sportspeople in the United Arab Emirates


title: Grażyna Vetulani

text:
Grażyna Małgorzata Vetulani née Świerczyńska (born 15 March 1956) is a Polish  philologist and linguist, professor of the humanities, professor at the Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań and the Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń.

Biography
She is a daughter of Hieronim Świerczyński and Regina Kocińska. In 1979 she graduated in Romance studies from Adam Mickiewicz University. She received a PhD in 1988. On 17 June 2013 she received the title of full professor.

Since 1979 Grażyna Vetulani works at the Adam Mickieiwcz University in Poznań. She is a Head of Department of Contrastive Linguistics since 2000. Since 2008 she is a member of the University Senate.

Vetulani is an author of a number of scientific publications (including three books) on general, contrastive and computer linguistics and semantics. She was an editor of four joint studies. She participated as a speaker in scientific conferences several times, including events in Prague, Ljubljana, Athens, Paris and Berlin.

She is a member of editorial board of magazines Echo des études romanes. Revue semestrielle de linguistique et de littérature romanes and Etudes romanes de Brno.

In 2012 she received a Gold Medal for Long Service.

Her husband Zygmunt Vetulani is a professor of technical sciences and lecturer at Adam Mickiewicz University. They have two daughters: Agnieszka (born 1981) and Maria (born 1996).

Selected works

 Vetulani, G., Vetulani, Z., & Obrębski, T. (2006, May). Syntactic lexicon of polish predicative nouns. In Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC’06).
 Vetulani, G. (2012). Kolokacje werbo-nominalne jako samodzielne jednostki języka. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza.
 Vetulani, G. (2013). Problemy i korzyści wynikające z automatycznego przetwarzania korpusów-na przykładzie badań z zakresu predykacji rzeczownikowej w języku polskim. Roczniki Humanistyczne, 61(08), 13-24.
 Vetulani, Z., Vetulani, G., & Kochanowski, B. (2016, May). Recent advances in development of a lexicon-grammar of Polish: PolNet 3.0. In Tenth International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC 2016) (pp. 2851-2854).
 Vetulani, G. (2018). Próby formalizacji zdań opartych na predykatach rzeczownikowych języka polskiego.

References

Living people
Linguists from Poland
Women linguists
Polish philologists
Women philologists
1956 births
Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań alumni
Academic staff of Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań
People from Bydgoszcz


title: Wobeon Music Festival

text:
The Wobeon Music Festival ( Also known as Wobeon Fest) is a music festival held in Austin, Texas, United States. It is held annually.

The Festival has featured musicians from over 75 countries since it began in 2011

The festival was founded by Jakes Srinivasan.

Featured performers
Performers at the festival have included:

Music festivals in Texas


title: Chrysoteuchia argentistriellus

text:
Chrysoteuchia argentistriellus is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by John Henry Leech in 1889. It is found in Korea.

References

Crambini
Moths described in 1889
Moths of Asia


title: BES Utilities

text:
BES Utilities is a UK-based, independently owned group of companies, comprising Business Energy Solutions Ltd and BES Commercial Electricity Ltd. With offices based in Fleetwood, Lancashire, BES Utilities provides commercial electricity and gas to businesses across the United Kingdom.

History
Business Energy Solutions Ltd (trading as BES Commercial Gas) was established in 2002 and BES Commercial Electricity Ltd was established in 2009.  BES Telecom Ltd was established in 2013 and subsequently sold in 2017.  In November 2015, BES Utilities applied for a water services licence with the Water Industry Commission for Scotland.

Company Growth
Since its formation, BES has grown to become one of the largest employers on the Fylde coast, with over 250 employees. BES Utilities was featured in the 2017 London Stock Exchange Group’s 1000 companies to Inspire Britain report. BES Utilities was amongst four companies within the North West credited with being the most dynamic and fastest-growing SMEs (small to medium-sized enterprises) in the country. In 2018 the company created an additional 50 new roles based at its Head Office in Fleetwood.

It was revealed through the Andrew Pilley fraud trial that at least 86% of the contracts brokered to BES Utilities came through means of fraud, which was through a sham setup of 'independent brokers'.

OFGEM Investigation
BES Utilities were investigated by Office of Gas and Electricity Markets (Ofgem), who found that BES failed to explain in sufficient detail customer contract details and, in some cases, wrongly blocked 108 customers from switching suppliers. The Ofgem investigation resulted in a fine of £2.00, with an agreed redress package of circa £980,000 paid by BES by way of a charitable donation to a debt advice charity and via compensation payments to a number of affected customers.

In September 2023, it was announced that BES was once again under investigation by Ofgem, following the conviction and imprisonment of Andrew Pilley.

Failed Legal actions
In January 2018, BES Utilities settled a High Court case against two men, in which the company had alleged that they had made false claims about the company for three years. They gave voluntary undertakings to the remove any published references to BES, its directors, employees, agents and representatives.

In 2023, following the conviction of Andrew Pilley and his 13-year prison sentence for fraud relating to BES, proving the allegations to be true; the undertakings were destroyed by the High Court.

In July 2017, BES Utilities commenced legal action against Trading Standards' prosecuting authority Cheshire West and Cheshire Council. The matter went to trial in November 2021, with Judgement handed down in August 2022 dismissing the entirety of the claims and finding serial dishonesty on behalf of BES, its Directors and Employees. Mr Justice Freedman found that front-end recordings which contained lies and deceit to customers (allowing termination of any purported contract) were available to BES, but concealed from customers. The Judgement was not released by the High Court until May 2023 to avoid any attempts of an unfair criminal trial.

Criminal Investigation and Fraud Trial

On 28 July 2016, BES offices were raided by Trading Standards as part of an investigation into mis-selling of contracts by purports independent brokers. BES subsequently launched a £8.6 million claim for damages against Cheshire West and Chester Trading Standards in 2017, which failed.

In September 2021 owner Andrew Pilley was charged with fraud and money laundering offences made through BES. The charges included two counts of running a business with the intention of defrauding creditors or others by allowing the fraudulent mis-selling of energy supply contracts, allowing fraudulent mis-selling by sales representatives, and being concerned with the retention of criminal property.

Between 10 October 2022 and 19 May 2023, the criminal trial took place at Preston Crown Court. On May 19 2023, Pilley was unanimously convicted on all counts. On July 4 2023, Pilley was sentenced to 13 years in jail. Co-conspirators received other lengthy jail terms.

The co-conspirators included BES employee Joel Chapman (sentenced to 8 months imprisonment) who at the time was Head of Regulatory and Compliance; BES Director Michelle Davidson (sentenced to 6 year’s imprisonment); and Lee Qualter/Goulding who was the director of the sham ‘independent brokerages’ in reality controlled by BES and Pilley (sentenced to 7 years imprisonment).

Charity, Community & Sponsorship

Fleetwood Town Football Club
BES Utilities is the main sponsor of Fleetwood Town Football Club, which is a professional association football club based in the town of Fleetwood, Lancashire, England. Established in 1997, the current Fleetwood Town F.C. is the third incarnation of the club; it was first formed in 1908. The team compete in League One, the third tier of English football. Their home strip is red shirts with white sleeves and white shorts. The home ground is Highbury Stadium in Fleetwood, and the supporters are affectionately known as the Cod Army. The club won the 2011–12 Football Conference, and played in the Football League for the first time in its history in the 2012–13 season. In May 2014, at Wembley, Fleetwood won the promotion play-off to League One, the club's sixth promotion in 10 years.

Blackpool Illuminations
BES Utilities partnered with Blackpool Illuminations, an annual lights festival in Lancashire, to provide electricity for the lights for free in 2014 and at a discounted rate in 2015. The expected value of the deal exceeded £100,000, making BES the largest contributor to the lights in the last ten years.

Brian Rose
In 2018 BES Utilities, along with Fleetwood Town F.C. and Card Saver agreed to be the main sponsor of local championship boxer Brian Rose.

The BES Fund
The Business Energy Solutions Fund is independently managed by a company called Charis Grants, who administer schemes for several leading energy and water companies.

In 2015 BES wrote to all of its non-domestic customers in the flood-affected areas offering financial support in a bid to help those who have suffered damage to buildings and ruined stock.

References

Electric power companies of the United Kingdom
Telecommunications companies of the United Kingdom
Energy companies established in 2002
Non-renewable resource companies established in 2002
Telecommunications companies established in 2002
2002 establishments in the United Kingdom


title: Chrysoteuchia atrosignatus

text:
Chrysoteuchia atrosignatus is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Zeller in 1877. It is found in China and Japan.

References

Crambini
Moths described in 1877
Moths of Asia


title: Chrysoteuchia curvicavus

text:
Chrysoteuchia curvicavus is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Shi-Mei Song and Tie-Mei Chen in 2001. It is found in Fujian, China.

References

Crambini
Moths described in 2001
Moths of Asia


title: Chrysoteuchia daisetsuzana

text:
Chrysoteuchia daisetsuzana is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Shōnen Matsumura in 1927. It is found on the Japanese island of Hokkaido and in Russia.

References

Crambini
Moths described in 1927
Moths of Japan
Moths of Asia


title: Haris Belkebla

text:
Haris Belkebla (; born 28 January 1994) is a professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Saudi First Division League club Ohod. Born in France, he has represented the Algeria national team.

Club career
Born in La Courneuve, Belkebla began his career in the youth ranks of Boulogne before joining Valenciennes in 2012. In 2014, he joined Tours, signing an amateur contract with the club. He made his Ligue 2 debut at 8 August 2014 against Troyes AC in a 1–0 away loss.

In summer 2018, he moved to Stade Brestois 29.

On 12 September 2023, Belkebla joined Saudi First Division League club Ohod.

International career
In October 2012, Belkebla was called up to the Algeria under-20 national team for the first time in preparation for the 2013 African U-20 Championship.

He was called up to the Algeria national football team playing the 2019 Africa Cup of Nations, but was shortly kicked off the team by the manager Djamel Belmadi for showing his buttocks on a live stream of his teammate Alexandre Oukidja playing Fortnite. He debuted for Algeria in a 5–0 win over Zambia on 14 November 2019.

Personal life
Belkebla is the nephew of former professional footballer Youssef Belkebla, who played for Red Star and Saint-Étienne.

Career statistics

Club

References

1994 births
Living people
Kabyle people
Footballers from Seine-Saint-Denis
French sportspeople of Algerian descent
Algerian men's footballers
French men's footballers
Men's association football midfielders
Algeria men's international footballers
Algeria men's youth international footballers
Footballers at the 2016 Summer Olympics
Olympic footballers for Algeria
Tours FC players
Stade Brestois 29 players
Ohod Club players
Ligue 1 players
Ligue 2 players
Championnat National 2 players
Championnat National 3 players
Saudi First Division League players
2021 Africa Cup of Nations players
Algerian expatriate sportspeople in Saudi Arabia
Expatriate men's footballers in Saudi Arabia


title: Joe Pondelik

text:
Joseph Pondelik (May 8, 1902 – January 23, 1965) was an American football player.

Pondelik was born in 1902. He played college football for the Chicago Maroons football team of the University of Chicago from 1922 to 1924, and was a consensus first-team selection to the 1924 College Football All-America Team.  In naming Pondelik as an All-American, Walter Eckersall wrote that Pondelik was "considered the best guard who ever played on one of Stagg's elevens."

In March 1926, Pondelik was married to Margaret Leigh, winner of the "Miss Chicago" contest.

Pondelik lived for 52 years in Cicero, Illinois, and was the founder of Joseph Pondelik Jr. Construction Company. He was also a pilot and hunter. He died in 1965 at age 62.

References

1902 births
1965 deaths
American football guards
Chicago Maroons football players
All-American college football players
Players of American football from Chicago


title: Chrysoteuchia deltella

text:
Chrysoteuchia deltella is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Shi-Mei Song and Tie-Mei Chen in 2001. It is found in Heilongjiang, China.

References

Crambini
Moths described in 2001
Moths of Asia


title: Timothy Healy (trade unionist)

text:
Timothy J. Healy (1863–1930), was an Irish-American trade union leader and political activist. Healy is best remembered as the longtime head of the International Brotherhood of Stationary Firemen and Oilers (IBSFO), a trade union for steam boiler operators.

Biography

Early years
Timothy Healy was born on March 25, 1863, in County Cork, Ireland. Healy was the son of a farmer and was educated in Irish common schools. As a young man Healy worked as a boiler stoker aboard transatlantic ships, making the crossing 38 times in all.

Career

Healy emigrated to the United States in 1888, settling in New York City. In America Healy first worked as a steam boiler operator as a member of an independent trade union called the Eccentric Firemen of New York City, affiliated with the Knights of Labor, gaining a leadership position in the union.

In 1898, Healy organized the engineering department of the New York Naval Militia in conjunction with its expansion during the Spanish–American War. He was an unsuccessful candidate for election to the New York City Board of Aldermen in 1900.

Healy lead the Eccentric Firemen into the newly founded affiliate of the American Federation of Labor (AF of L), the International Brotherhood of Stationary Firemen and Oilers (IBSFO), as Local 56 of that organization.

Healy was elected Vice President of the Stationary Firemen in 1902 and as President the following year. He would remain in office continuously as chief of the Stationary Firemen until 1927.

In addition to his union position, Healy served as deputy Sheriff of New York County, New York from 1903 to 1904 and  Coroner of New York City for Manhattan from 1913 to 1918. Healy was the last elected coroner of New York County, winning office in 1917 and serving until the position was abolished the subsequent year.

Healy was prominent in New York City municipal politics and was a close associate of Mayor John Purroy Mitchel, elected to office in 1914. Following the outbreak of World War I and American entry into the European conflagration, Healy offered his services to the city and was named Chairman of the New York City Recruiting Committee.

Healy was also a member of the governing Executive Committee of the National Civic Federation from 1907 to 1923. He was an important figure in the American labor movement, being selected as the AF of L's delegate to the British Trade Union Congress in 1920. He was also a delegate to the 1924 Congress of International Transport Workers, held in Hamburg, Germany.

Healy was a staunch adherent of formal diplomatic recognition of the Soviet Russia during the early 1920s, a position which simultaneously brought him into close relations with William Z. Foster and his Trade Union Educational League (TUEL), while at the same time alienating him from Samuel Gompers and the leadership of the AF of L. This conflict came to a head at the AF of L's 1922 annual convention, held in Cincinnati, at which Healy's attempt to win support for recognition was defeated.

Death and legacy
Tim Healy died on July 21, 1930, in Ocean Grove, New Jersey. He was 64 years old at the time of his death.

At a dinner held in his honor in 1927, Healy was lauded by United States Secretary of Labor James J. Davis, who asserted that "No labor leader has ever had more friend than Healy for the reason that he has given labor a new dignity, a new title to public respect."

Footnotes

Works
 "Report of President Healy," Stationary Firemen's Magazine, vol. 13, no. 7 (May 1912), pp. 2–4.

1863 births
1930 deaths
Irish emigrants to the United States
Activists from New York City
American trade union leaders
Coroners of New York County, New York


title: Chrysoteuchia dentatella

text:
Chrysoteuchia dentatella is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Shi-Mei Song and Tie-Mei Chen in 2001. It is found in Gansu, China.

References

Crambini
Moths described in 2001
Moths of Asia


title: Apapa Oworonshoki Expressway

text:
Apapa Oworonshoki Expressway is a major expressway connecting Apapa to Somolu via Surulere and Mushin in Lagos. For most of its portion, it is a six-lane expressway with two one-way service roads parallel to the expressway. The expressway crosses other major expressways such as Lagos-Badagry Expressway and Ikorodu Road. It also passes Tin Can Island, and its starting point borders the Port of Lagos. The expressway will host some of LAMATA's BRT stops.
President Muhammadu Buhari in November 2018 releases N73 billion to work on the road and address the issue of gridlock on the road.

References

Expressways in Nigeria
Streets in Lagos
Transport in Lagos


title: Chrysoteuchia diplogrammus

text:
Chrysoteuchia diplogrammus is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Zeller in 1863. It is found in Japan and the Russian Far East (Ussuri).

References

Crambini
Moths described in 1863
Moths of Japan
Moths of Asia


title: 2014 Albanian Supercup

text:
The 2014 Albanian Supercup was the 21st edition of the Albanian Supercup since its establishment in 1989. The match was contested between the 2013–14 Albanian Cup winners KS Flamurtari and the 2013–14 Albanian Superliga champions Skënderbeu Korçë. The cup was won by Skënderbeu Korçë with the minimal score 1–0. This was the second Supercup trophy for Skënderbeu Korçë.

Details

See also
 2013–14 Albanian Superliga
 2013–14 Albanian Cup

References

2014
Supercup
Albanian Supercup, 2014
Albanian Supercup, 2014


title: Chrysoteuchia disasterella

text:
Chrysoteuchia disasterella is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Stanisław Błeszyński in 1965. It is found in Shaanxi, China.

References

Crambini
Moths described in 1965
Moths of Asia


title: Chrysoteuchia distinctellus

text:
Chrysoteuchia distinctellus is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by John Henry Leech in 1889. It is found in Japan and Russia.

References

Crambini
Moths described in 1889
Moths of Japan
Moths of Asia


title: Blacksmiths Arms, Broughton Mills

text:
The Blacksmiths Arms is a Grade II listed public house at Broughton Mills, Cumbria, England.

It is on the Campaign for Real Ale's National Inventory of Historic Pub Interiors.

History

Parts of the building date from 1577 when it was a farmhouse called "Broadstones". It was revised and converted into an inn in 1748, when it included a blacksmith's forge and had a working farm of .

The chef Michael Lane took over the pub in 2004.

Architecture

The roughcast stone whitewashed building has stone flagstone floors and a slate roof. The two-storey structure is of four-bays.

In one of the dining rooms is the original range and fireplace. There are still working gas lights in two of the rooms.

References

Grade II listed pubs in Cumbria
National Inventory Pubs
Westmorland and Furness


title: The Weekly True Sun

text:
The Weekly True Sun was a London, pro-Whig, Sunday newspaper that was first published on 10 February 1833 (No. 1) and ceased publication on 29 December 1839 (No. 331). John Ager published and printed the Weekly True Sun and the True Sun.

In 1833–1834, Leigh Hunt, as 'The Townsman', published in the Weekly True Sun a series of nine essays on walking tours in various neighbourhoods of London.

From 5 January 1840 (No. 332) to 28 March 1841 (No. 394), the successor to The Weekly True Sun was published under the title The Statesman, or, The Weekly True Sun. From 4 April 1841 (No. 395) to 2 January 1842 (No. 518), the successor to The Statesman, or, The Weekly True Sun was published under the title The British Queen and Statesman.

References

Defunct weekly newspapers
London newspapers
Defunct Sunday newspapers published in the United Kingdom


title: Chrysoteuchia dividellus

text:
Chrysoteuchia dividellus is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Snellen in 1890. It is found in India (Sikkim).

References

Crambini
Moths described in 1890
Moths of Asia


title: Natural History Building

text:
The Natural History Building is a historic building on the campus of the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign in Urbana, Illinois. Built in 1892, the building originally housed the university's departments of botany, zoology, and geology. In addition to classroom space, the building also included a natural history museum. Architect Nathan Clifford Ricker designed the High Victorian Gothic building. The red brick building has a rough stone foundation and is decorated with colored brick and stone. The steep roof is supported by a timber truss system; the exposed trusses create a coffered ceiling on the interior.

The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on November 9, 1986. In 2010, it was evacuated due to structural deficiencies. After an extensive, $79 million renovation, it reopened in August 2017 and now houses the School of Earth, Society, and Environment (SESE) including the Departments of Atmospheric Sciences, Geology and Geography and Geographic Information systems, as well as teaching space for the School of Integrative Biology (SIB).

In 2019, the building received Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design Gold status for its renovation being conducted in an environmentally efficient manner, which included using renewable materials, utilizing energy-efficient technology, and focusing on natural lighting.

References

University and college buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Illinois
Gothic Revival architecture in Illinois
Buildings and structures completed in 1892
National Register of Historic Places in Champaign County, Illinois
Buildings and structures of the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign


title: Chrysoteuchia fractellus

text:
Chrysoteuchia fractellus is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by South in 1901. It is found in China (Sichuan).

References

Crambini
Moths described in 1901
Moths of Asia


title: Chrysoteuchia fuliginosellus

text:
Chrysoteuchia fuliginosellus is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by South in 1901. It is found in Sichuan (China).

References

Crambini
Moths described in 1901
Moths of Asia


title: 1966 Missouri Tigers football team

text:
The 1966 Missouri Tigers football team was an American football team that represented the University of Missouri in the Big Eight Conference (Big 8) during the 1966 NCAA University Division football season. The team compiled a 6–3–1 record (4–2–1 against Big 8 opponents), finished in a tie for third place in the Big 8, and outscored opponents by a combined total of 121 to 116. Dan Devine was the head coach for the ninth of 13 seasons. The team played its home games at Memorial Stadium in Columbia, Missouri.

The team's statistical leaders included Charlie Brown with 576 rushing yards, Gary Kombrink with 433 passing yards and 645 yards of total offense, Chuck Weber with 157 receiving yards, and Bill Bates with 27 points scored.

Schedule

Game summaries

Kansas
The 75th meeting between the two rivals was a defensive struggle that was finally broken in the third quarter. On third-and-seven from their own 46, Earl Denny caught a pass from Gary Kombrink in stride at the Kansas 38 and went in to score.

References

Missouri
Missouri Tigers football seasons
Missouri Tigers football


title: Chrysoteuchia funebrellus

text:
Chrysoteuchia funebrellus is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Aristide Caradja in 1937. It is found in Yunnan, China.

References

Crambini
Moths described in 1937
Moths of Asia


title: Terp (music industry jargon)

text:
Terp is music and dance industry jargon for "dance".

Etymology
The term is an eponym for Terpsichore, the Greek muse of dramatic chorus and dance. The term, still in use, was more common from the 1930s to the 1970s by dance professionals and music entertainment industry magazines, including Billboard, which uses the terms "terp" and "terpsichore" (lower case "t"), interchangeably.

 Hackett's herd churns out a highly palatable brand of terp tempi, equally appealing to the ear and toe.
 I wrote 'Terpsichore in Sneakers' during the years 1973–78.
 [Reese LaRue]  known for torrid terpsichore; died Aug. 8, 1985.

References

Musical terminology
English-language slang
Jazz terminology


title: Infogix, Inc.

text:
Infogix, Inc. is a multinational data controls and analytics software company for businesses to manage, analyze and monitor their data for business operations. The company is based in the United States with headquarters in Naperville, Illinois and primarily serves clients in the healthcare, financial services, property and casualty insurance, telecommunications and retail industries.

The enterprise was founded by Madhavan K. Nayar in 1982 as Unitech Systems, Inc. The company began to work on automated data controls software. In 2005, Unitech Systems was renamed Infogix  after growing to represent many companies in the Fortune 100  and Global 2000 economy including Wells Fargo, Target, Progressive Insurance and Verizon Wireless.

Infogix has undergone multiple organizational changes since its inception. On June 1, 2012, Infogix announced H.I.G. Capital, a global private equity firm, had recapitalized the business. On January 10, 2014, both Infogix and H.I.G. publicly announced a completed acquisition of Agilis International, Inc., a provider of predictive customer and operational analytics.

In 2016, H.I.G. Capital sold Infogix to Thoma Bravo.

In 2018, Infogix has acquired DATUM.

History
Infogix was founded in 1982 as Unitech Systems, Inc. with a focus on creating continuous, automated controls software for the mainframe to assist with large amounts of balance and reconciliation. In the early 2000s, Unitech Systems began extending its offerings and launching distributed products, and the company changed its name to Infogix, Inc. in 2005.
The name Infogix was chosen based on the concept of the focal point where information, logic and exchange meet.
With the new name came a new company logo. The gold checkmark in the current logo represents the company reaching to achieve the gold standard, and the equal symbol is a reference to the reconciliation technology that started the company in 1982.
Infogix introduced its Business Operations Management solution in 2012 based on feedback from some of its largest customers. The company had successfully worked with IT and finance departments for 30 years, but organizations were sharing stories of successfully using Infogix products in other areas of the business, as well. Use of the software solution across the enterprise led the company to introduce its Business Operations Management solution.
Infogix’ current offerings include their Controls Suite (Infogix Assure, ACR/Summary, ACR/Detail, Infogix ER); Visibility Suite (Infogix Insight, Infogix Nexix and Nexix Mobile, Infogix Perceive); and Analytics Suite (RevMind, NetMind, DataMind).
On June 1, 2012, Infogix announced that H.I.G. Capital had recapitalized the business.
Infogix announced its acquisition of Agilis International, a provider of advanced analytics solutions, on January 9, 2014. Founded in 2003 in Rockville, MD, Agilis currently operates as a division of Infogix.

In 2021, Infogix was acquired by Precisely Software Incorporated.

Corporate Leadership

References

Defunct software companies of the United States
Companies based in Naperville, Illinois
Software companies established in 1982
Multinational companies headquartered in the United States
1982 establishments in Illinois
2016 mergers and acquisitions


title: Chrysoteuchia furva

text:
Chrysoteuchia furva is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Hou-Hun Li and Wei-Chun Li in 2010. It is found in Ningxia, China.

References

Crambini
Moths described in 2010
Moths of Asia


title: Chrysoteuchia gonoxes

text:
Chrysoteuchia gonoxes is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Stanisław Błeszyński in 1962. It is found in Myanmar.

References

Crambini
Moths described in 1962
Moths of Asia


title: Norden, Nebraska

text:
Norden is an unincorporated community in Keya Paha County, Nebraska, United States.

History
An early settler being a native of Norden, Germany, caused the name to be selected.

A post office was established at Norden in 1884, and remained in operation until it was discontinued in 1960.

The Norden Dance Hall was built by hand from 1929 to 1931 — at the outset of the Great Depression. The hall stands as a gathering place where generations of families have socialized, bonded and danced. For example, the hall has hosted the town's annual barn dance for more than 120 years.

In June 2012, much of the town was burned by the Fairfield Creek Fire. One of the few structures to avoid the fire was the dance hall.

References

Unincorporated communities in Keya Paha County, Nebraska
Unincorporated communities in Nebraska


title: Chrysoteuchia gregorella

text:
Chrysoteuchia gregorella is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Stanisław Błeszyński in 1965. It is found in Amur, Russia.

References

Crambini
Moths described in 1965
Moths of Asia


title: Chrysoteuchia hamatella

text:
Chrysoteuchia hamatella is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Tie-Mei Chen, Shi-Mei Song and De-Cheng Yuan in 2001. It is found in Xizang, China.

References

Crambini
Moths described in 2001
Moths of Asia