title: Do You Want to Build a Snowman?

text:
"Do You Want to Build a Snowman?" is a song from the 2013 Disney 3D computer-animated musical feature film Frozen, with music and lyrics composed by Kristen Anderson-Lopez and Robert Lopez. The song is also present in the musical adapation. , the total sales of the digital track stands at 1,600,000 downloads according to Nielsen SoundScan, placing it second on the list of all-time best-selling Christmas/holiday digital singles in SoundScan history (behind Mariah Carey's 1994 hit single, "All I Want for Christmas Is You").

Synopsis
After Elsa accidentally harms Anna with her ice powers, she locks herself in her bedroom. The song captures three different moments at which Anna tries and fails to persuade Elsa to spend time with her: as children, teenagers, and adults. Within the film, the last of these moments occurs after the sisters' parents have died at sea in a storm.

Production
At one point Disney considered removing the song from the film because, as originally composed, it was too sad, and it was also too complicated in that it contained too much exposition. However it was put back after being well received by the Disney staff. StitchKingdom explains, "due to pacing of the film, this song was constantly being cut and put back in during the film's development. Ultimately, studio employees demanded it stay in."  During the film's development, Lopez at one point had to travel to Los Angeles to work in person with the production team to try to fix the song, and they had to sit down and work through how Elsa sounds versus how Anna sounds.  Christophe Beck, who wrote the film's score, added the interlude for the montage scenes.

After the film was released, a fan put together a version of the song to show how a reprise could have worked at the climax of the film, when Elsa realizes that Anna is completely frozen. Commenting on the fan clip in January 2014, Anderson-Lopez mentioned that at one point, she actually had pitched a reprise of the song for the film's climax. Lopez added, "if you watch it in the flow of the movie, it would be jarring to have them break into song at that moment."

When the same clip was mentioned in an interview, director Jennifer Lee explained that according to Disney music producer Chris Montan (who has worked on nearly every Disney and Pixar animated film from the start of the Disney Renaissance), it is traditional in Disney animated musicals to have no more songs after the end of the second act.

Critical reception

The song received widespread acclaim from film critics, music critics, and audiences. Kyle Smith of The New York Post dubbed it a "classic". USA Today called it "a lovely musical number that illustrates Anna's emotional yearning, sung with heartfelt sweetness by Bell." Alonso Duralde of The Wrap labeled it "poignant". Moviefone describes the song as "sob-inducing", and "the best song in Frozen". Scott Mendelson of Forbes talks about the "richness and a subtle sadness to the core relationship between Anna and Elsa, of so much time lost to fear, self-doubt, and some questionable parenting at a key juncture", and goes on to describe "Do You Want To Build A Snowman" as a "beautiful song...it's just one of a handful of terrific songs". Mendelson added, "I was deathly afraid [it] would come back as a climactic refrain should the story end badly."

Sputnikmusic said "the songs complement the gorgeous visuals well, especially in the first extended cut "Do You Want to Build a Snowman" and its tear-pleading climax and conclusion", and argues "it's one of the few vocal tracks far removed from the crushing vapidity of the other material". The Rochester City Newspaper described the song as "character-establishing", and noted that along with "Frozen Heart", it "deeply resemble[s] Disney's song output under Alan Menken...and that helps them feel instantly familiar". The soundtrack review adds, "While "Snowman" works better in the film (the visuals fill in some of the song's gaps) the twee-cute vocals and gorgeous melody help its memorability". AllMusic said this song and the love duet "Love Is an Open Door" have "contemporary Broadway dazzle".

The song is featured several times in Deadpool 2 where a running joke is made out of the title character Deadpool noticing, the "obvious" similarities between it and the song "Papa, Can You Hear Me?" from the film Yentl. As he is dying towards the end of the film, Deadpool sings the song's chorus to his teammates.

Charts

Weekly charts

Year end charts

Certifications

Notable cover versions
Kristen Bell sang the song live as her character throughout every stage of her life at the Vibrato Grill Jazz Club in Los Angeles to celebrate the film.

Twenty-six members of the Disney Channel Circle of Stars performed a cover video of the song in July 2014.

Country singer Mickey Guyton recorded the song and released it on November 6, 2015, to digital retailers and music streaming services. Her version charted at number 57 on the Billboard Country Airplay chart.

See also
Papa, Can You Hear Me?

References

2013 songs
2010s ballads
Songs from Frozen (franchise)
Kingdom Hearts songs
Kristen Bell songs
Mickey Guyton songs
Songs about loneliness
Songs about weather

Songs written by Robert Lopez
Songs written by Kristen Anderson-Lopez


title: Moon (Snowbird album)

text:
Moon is the debut studio album by American/British duo Snowbird. It was released in January 2014 by Bella Union. The album also contains a bonus second disc, titled Luna, consisting of remixes by RxGibbs.

Track listing

Personnel
Personnel adapted from Moon liner notes.

Snowbird
 Stephanie Dosen – vocals
 Simon Raymonde – piano, electric guitar, acoustic guitar, bass guitar, vibraphone, drums

Additional musicians
 Paul Gregory – guitar (tracks 1, 4, 7, 8, and 11)
 Will Vaughan – orchestration, strings, and harp (track 2), flute (tracks 2 and 7), double bass (track 7)
 Eric Pulido – acoustic guitar (track 6)
 Mckenzie Smith – drums (track 6)
 Jonathan Wilson – guitar (track 4)
 Ol Ketteringham – drums (track 4)
 Steve Honest – pedal steel guitar (track 3)
 Phil Selway – drums (tracks 2 and 8)
 Ed O'Brien – guitar (tracks 5 and 10)

References

2014 albums
Bella Union albums


title: Kyōgoku Takakazu

text:
Kyōgoku Takakazu may refer to:

 Kyōgoku Takakazu (d. 1441) – Shugo of Yamashiro Province who died defending Ashikaga Yoshinori during the Kakitsu rebellion
 Kyōgoku Takakazu (d. 1662) – Head of the Kyōgoku clan and daimyō under the Tokugawa shogunate
 Kyōgoku Takakazu – Later head of the Kyōgoku clan and daimyō

See also
 Kyōgoku clan


title: For the First Time in Forever

text:
"For the First Time in Forever" is a song from Disney's 2013 animated feature film Frozen, with music and lyrics composed by Kristen Anderson-Lopez and Robert Lopez. It is reprised later in the musical. Both versions are sung by American actresses Kristen Bell and Idina Menzel who provide the speaking and the singing voices of Princess Anna and Queen Elsa, respectively.

Production
The song was composed relatively late in the production process in June 2013. This was only five months before the film's November 27, 2013, release date, when the filmmakers were scrambling to make the film work after realizing in February it still wasn't working.

The original version of the song contained a line about "I hope that I don't vomit in his face," which was deemed unacceptable by Disney as a reference to bodily fluids.  The Lopezes' daughter, Katie, came up with the replacement line that ended up in the film: "I wanna stuff some chocolate in my face."

As for the reprise, there was originally a different confrontation lyric for the scene where Elsa strikes Anna with her powers entitled "Life's Too Short" (the premise being that life is too short to waste it with someone who doesn't understand them), which itself would have been reprised later when the sisters realize that life's too short to live life alone. As the characters evolved throughout the writing process (specifically Elsa was turned from a villain to a tragic hero), the song was deemed too vindictive and was instead replaced with a reprise of this song, to create a motif. "Life's Too Short" survives as a demo track on the Deluxe Edition of the movie soundtrack, and part of the melody was reused in Frozen Fever for the song "Making Today A Perfect Day".

When the necessity of a reprise dawned upon Anderson-Lopez, she wrote it in only about 20 minutes, and then successfully pitched it on her own to the Disney production team, as Lopez was already with the team in Los Angeles trying to fix "Do You Want to Build a Snowman?"

Synopsis

Original

In the first version, the song shows Anna's happiness and naive optimism when preparing for Elsa's coronation. During the third verse, Elsa sings a counterpoint melody (with some of the same lyrics that are later used as the first verse of "Let it Go"), in which she expresses her fear of accidentally revealing her ice powers and her anxiety about opening the gates. During her solo, Elsa practices her role in the coronation on a box and candlestick in her a room. Elsa orders the guards to open the gates, and Anna joyfully wanders down a causeway into the town against the flow of guests arriving. The song is cutoff mid-note when Anna crashes into Hans's horse, and subsequently falls into a rowboat. This version goes up a half-step with each verse, starting in F major and ending in G major for the final.

Musical
In the Broadway musical version of the song, a pair of lines in the first verse are changed due to staging limitations. Anna's line "Who knew we had eight thousand salad plates" is changed to "And there's two nice ladies helping me get dressed," and the line it rhymes with, "Finally they're opening up the gates!" is changed to "Coronation day is just the best!" In addition, after the last key change, there is an additional verse sung by a chorus of townspeople. Anna's run-in with Hans also involves them falling into Kristoff's ice-cart, rather than a rowboat.

Frozen Jr.
In the Frozen Jr. version, in the second verse, the line "A beautiful stranger, tall and fair" is changed to "A beautiful stranger, tall and rare".

Reprise
In the reprise, Anna has arrived at Elsa's ice palace to try to get her to unfreeze the kingdom, after she unknowingly sparked an eternal winter. She also wants Elsa to come back so that they can rekindle their once close relationship as sisters. However, Elsa refuses because she feels she cannot control her powers and that she is better off alone where she can't hurt anyone. As Anna's tries to reason with her sister, Elsa's fear intensifies, resulting in her being covered in a blizzard of ice particles as a physical manifestation of her emotions, and she blocks out Anna's calming words. At one point, Elsa turns her back to her sister to form a two shot west, a blocking technique normally used in American soap operas. Finally, paranoid and lost, Elsa lets out a yell, and accidentally blasts Anna in the heart with the accumulated ice particles, thereby freezing it (an act which Pabbie and the trolls note to be fatal); causing her to fall to the floor and Kristoff and Olaf to rush to her side, to make sure she's okay.

The reprise uses a different melody from the original. Namely, Anna's parts are in a major key while Elsa's counterpoint is in a minor key, highlighting the opposite emotions the two characters have at this point in time. After Anna is inadvertently struck by Elsa's magic, the percussion includes part of the music from "Frozen Heart".

Musical version
In the reprise, Elsa tells Anna about how she hurt her with her magic when they were kids, and sings the bridge verse from Demi Lovato's version of "Let It Go", albeit with slightly modified lyrics to reflect Elsa's character, before the reprise starts.

Later after the North American tour in 2019, the reprise was replaced with a new duet titled "I Can't Lose You", which was eventually added to subsequent productions of the musical, while the "Let it Go" stanza remains unchanged.

International versions

Several other language versions of the song have been successful. The Japanese-language version called  was sung by Takako Matsu and Sayaka Kanda, who played Elsa and Anna respectively. It appeared on the Billboard Japan Hot 100 in between April and June 2014, peaking at number 19, and was popular enough to be certified platinum for 250,000 digital downloads by the RIAJ in September 2014. The Korean-language version, sung by  and , reached 129 on the Gaon Singles Chart being downloaded 14,000 times, while the reprise version peaked at 192 with 8,000 downloads. The Italian version, along with the whole Italian adaptation of the movie, was awarded the best foreign dubbing worldwide by Disney.

Charts

Critical reception

Both iterations have received very positive reviews. NeonTommy described it as "A classic "I Want" song (think Part of Your World or When Will My Life Begin?) with a sprinkle of self-awareness", and said "this song puts a nice new spin on a familiar form...Lopez and Anderson-Lopez keep the tune fresh, and Kristen Bell’s charming and bright delivery of the peppy lyrics is endearing." GeeksOfDoom said "Who would have guessed that Kristen Bell and Idina Menzel would make such a nice duo? Bell adds some humor with her effervescent spirit and amusing lyrics, whereas Menzel lends the signature Broadway voice. You know a song provides further significance when it moves the story, as opposed to stops the film completely, and this one perfectly represents the former. “First Time” conveys Anna’s hopefulness and openness, contrasting with Elsa’s close-minded and fearful vibe." In a negative review, SputnikMusic said "“For the First Time in Forever,” with its lyrical clunkers like “Don't know if I'm elated or gassy / But I'm somewhere in that zone” and poor performance decisions like the ham-fisted pause before Elsa “opens the gates” and Anna’s meaningless harmonization shortly thereafter, represents the downhill slide and subsequent face-first mud landing of the soundtrack over the course of its runtime". The Hollywood Reporter described it as a "big number", and "the centerpiece of the original songs". StitchKingdom said: "The ‘I Want’ song, the composition and lyrics feed off Anna’s frenetic and anxious energy and awkwardness, a classic example of mixing sophistication with silliness". Rochester City Newspaper wrote "For the First Time in Forever suffers from a fairly run-of-the-mill chorus tune, but smartly makes up for it with catchy verses, amusing lyrics (“Don’t know if I’m elated or gassy / But I’m somewhere in that zone!”) and a great performance from Kristen Bell, showing off protagonist Princess Anna’s quirky side while still longing for a ball, a man, and some basic human interaction."

Reprise

NeonTommy wrote, "This song balances really well between long, powerful phrases and banter-like recitative, and is a great illustration of the dynamic between Anna and Elsa. It’s also the first time where we get to hear Anna and Elsa sing as equals (the earlier version of this song is more about Anna than it is about Elsa), so it’s quite fun to hear this song between two sisters." GeeksOfDoom wrote "The reoccurrence of the “sister song” signifies how Elsa has changed, much unlike Anna, who still sees the potential of their relationship. The song incorporates polyphony and intensifies their emotions as it builds to a crescendo. While it’s not a substantial addition – the scene could have played out just as well without music – it’s still entertaining". StitchKingdom wrote, "The words and melody are just about the only thing this song has in common with its namesake. Anna’s desperate plea to Elsa, this song also features one of the most complex arrangements found on the soundtrack, giving it a haunting and to a professional effect in a way seldom seen on the stage, let alone in family films. The song also treads dangerously along the operetta line at times which puts a unique spin on it."

Certifications

Performances
Kristen Bell and Idina Menzel performed both songs together at the Vibrato Grill Jazz Club in Los Angeles to celebrate the film. During the first ever Rose Parade Halftime performance, the North American tour cast of the Broadway show performed the first rendition, with Anna interacting with the spectators.

References

2013 songs
Songs from Frozen (franchise)
Songs written by Robert Lopez
Songs written by Kristen Anderson-Lopez
Kristen Bell songs
Idina Menzel songs
Female vocal duets


title: Kilmore, County Down

text:
Kilmore is a village, civil parish and townland of  in County Down, Northern Ireland, about  from Crossgar. It is situated in the historic baronies of Castlereagh Upper and Kinelarty.

History
Kilmore derives its name from the Irish word 'an Chill Mhór', meaning "the big church", as it is most famous for the historic 18th century Anglican church the building for which is now located in the Ulster Folk and Transport Museum. Eighty years after the church was built in 1790, a new church was built  nearby in 1870 to heal rifts within the church concerning the nature of Anglo-Catholic worship in the decades prior. It remains the place of worship for the same Church of Ireland congregation Church Parish of Kilmore to this day.

Sport
Kilmore has a Football Club called Kilmore Rec FC, which plays at Robert Adams Park, Crossgar.

Civil parish of Kilmore
The civil parish contains the villages of Crossgar and Kilmore.

Townlands
The civil parish contains the following townlands:

Ballydyan
Barnamaghery
Broaghclogh (also known as Murvaclogher)
Cahard
Carnacally
Clontaghnaglar
Creevyargon
Creevycarnonan
Crossgar
Drumaghlis
Drumgiven
Drumnaconagher
Kilmore
Lisnamore
Lissara
Listooder
Magheralone
Murvaclogher (also known as Broaghclogh)
Rademon
Raleagh
Rossconor
Teconnaught
Tullynacree

References

Villages in County Down
Townlands of County Down


title: Reindeer(s) Are Better Than People

text:
"Reindeer(s) Are Better Than People" is a 50-second song from the 2013 Disney animated film Frozen, originally performed by actor and singer Jonathan Groff in his vocal role as Kristoff. Groff returned with a shorter version in the 2019 film Frozen II.

Synopsis
This song happens after Oaken tries to make Kristoff pay more money than he has on his person at the moment for his carrots (for Sven), pickaxe, and rope. They can't reach a compromise, and Kristoff calls Oaken a crook. Oaken does not like being called a crook, so he tosses Kristoff out into the cold. Kristoff then seeks shelter with Sven in a nearby stable.

This song illustrates Kristoff's unique relationship with Sven. He is a shy, isolated man who can only be himself when around his pet reindeer. From Director notes "Kristoff’s only friend is his reindeer Sven and he rejects the human race in favor of his pet (“every one of them’s bad,” he sings in ‘Reindeer(s) Are Better Than People’)".

International versions
The Korean language version sung by Jung Sang-yoon appeared on the Gaon Music Chart's download sub-chart; however, it did not appear on the main Gaon Singles Chart.

The Italian version, along with the whole Italian adaptation of the movie, was awarded best foreign dubbing worldwide.

As the sequel features a short reprise of the song, a version in these three languages was recorded for the second movie. As with Moana with Tahitian, Māori and Hawaiian versions, the Sami version was an exceptional dubbing made specifically for the movie, due to the inspiration it took from Sami culture.

Since 2013, some local TV stations have been dubbing the movie in their local languages.  Namely: Abkhaz, Albanian, Arabic, Kabardian, Karachay-Balkar, Persian and Tagalog.

Charts

Reindeers Remix
A deleted song dubbed Reindeer(s) Are Better Than People (remix) was designed as a joke song for Kristoff to perform during the credits, as Lopez and Anderson-Lopez felt sad that Jonathan Groff had not been given a real song. They reasoned that his character is not the type to have burst into song that way, and though he becomes a lot more confident and self-assured after the troll song "Fixer Upper", by that time the film becomes action-packed and can't afford to slow down for another song.

When asked the question "I was wondering, you know, because I think I had talked to you earlier and you were like, wow, we had this great, amazing Broadway singer and he, you know, just wasn’t used that much in the movie", Robert Lopez responded: "Well, we hope to rectify that for Frozen, the musical. If we — if we do get a chance to write that, and we hope to with Disney, we’ll give Kristoff a proper song. But that reindeer song was sort of written, you know, because Kristoff had Sven and he could really only talk to Sven, and Sven’s this reindeer and he was doing Sven’s voice at the same — it was just kind of weird. And he didn’t — until the very last act of the film, it wouldn’t have made sense for him to break out into a real song".

To AwardsDaily, Robert said "We wanted to write something for [Groff’s character] Kristoff… In the beginning we knew that the songs we wrote for the external characters, the secondary characters, were the ones that seemed to be staying. And the ones that we wrote for Anna seemed to keep getting cut as Anna changed and changed and changed. So we wanted to write something for Kristoff. And we wanted to write something for Jonathan Groff. We always assumed we’d write a little bit more. But his character kept denying real songs". Kristen added "In the deluxe version of the soundtrack…there’s something called the “Reindeer Remix,” which was a remix of “Reindeers Are Better Than People.” An expanded version that we wrote, half as a joke, and half as...“Wouldn’t it be fun to put this in the credits? To give Jonathan Groff a chance to do what Jonathan Groff does".

Composition
In half of the song, Kristoff sings the song as a duet between himself and "Sven" (with Sven's part merely being Kristoff using a goofy voice). The Rainbow Hub described it as "a Gilbert-and-Sullivan style operetta." AMommyStory described it as " a cute little ditty ". ShepFromTamp argues "The closest the movie comes to [the folksy] theme [of Frozen Heart] ever again is Kristoff’s “Reindeer(s) Are Better Than People.”" The Huntington News described it as "folksy". TunesReviews describes it as a "short quip". AwardsDaily said "It feels like more of a ditty and less of a production number".

Critical reception
There were generally favourably views toward the song, with it being described as both short and funny. Many reviewers criticized the fact that Jonathan Groff, a Broadway actor, had only been given a one-minute ditty as opposed to a full song.

Rochester City Newspaper wrote "“Reindeer(s) Are Better Than People,” “In Summer,” and “Fixer Upper” aren’t as plot-progressing as the other numbers, but all three have their charms", adding that "“Reindeer(s) Are Better Than People” is a silly little throw-away that I swear was only added once Jonathan Groff was cast so he’d have an excuse to sing". DadInACape wrote " “Reindeer(s) Are Better Than People” is a cute little ditty featuring Jonathan Groff". Erin Stough of Laughing Place wrote "unlike many fans my favorite song from Frozen is not “Let it Go” but “Reindeer(s) Are Better Than People”." GeekExchange writes "Groff does have a hilarious little diddy about reindeer being better than people that will endear guys who feel like they roped into seeing Frozen to Kristoff who really does serve as the dude guys will root for and identify with". It added "Both Groff and Fontana have these great characters but are kinda underused both story-wise and musically but that’s okay because the story isn’t about who gets the girl." Inkling Press said "You didn’t hear much of his singing voice, but he did have a neat, one-minute song called ‘Reindeer(s) Are Better Than People.’" AintItCool said the song, along with In Summer, are moments when "Frozen also gets playful". AllMusic said " the tracks that offer comic relief, such as "In Summer" and "Reindeer(s) Are Better Than People," are cleverly written". Johnnegroni.com said of Reindeer Remix "Finally, we have the song that was meant to be the movie’s final song, featuring the under-utilized Jonathan Groff. I love it because it would have left the movie on a funny note that captured the fun of the song Groff sings earlier about Sven." Urban Cinephile writes "Anyone who writes songs whose lyrics suggest 'Reindeers are better than people' [is] okay in my book". Captain Pig Heart argues Olaf is "not quite as much fun as the relationship between Kristoff and his reindeer (and their “Reindeer(s) Are Better Than People” song)". VGU.com said "Even the short tune sang by Kristoff’s Jonathan Groff, “Reindeer(s) Are Better Than People” was adorably cute and hysterical." EarnThis said "Jonathan Groff is a talented, enjoyable singer, so it’s a little bit surprising that he only gets fifty seconds of singing all movie long. But he makes the most of his brief appearance. This is a charming introduction to Kristoff and Sven, the puppy-like reindeer (Frozen‘s comedic MVP). I love Groff’s “reindeer” voice, and everything else about this song. Funny, sweet, charming. I only wish it went on a bit longer."

NerdyMindsMagazine wrote: "Part of what makes Frozen so endearing is its characters’ quirks. Few, if any, stand out as much as Kristoff's channeling of Sven's thoughts and emotions, and this is shown at its best in “Reindeer(s) Are Better Than People”. It's a duet that's not a duet. It's simple, and it's short. It's not epic, it's not lengthy, and it doesn’t really move the plot along, but it shows a tender moment between a man and his reindeer with nothing more than a lute (or a lute-like instrument; we’ve been unable to find one that matches what he's playing). We get to see how human Sven really is, and we root for them as much as we root for any other couple in the film. I’m just bummed that a) this is the only song that Kristoff gets in the whole film and b) the “Remix” version was left out of the film entirely." Rotoscopers said: "I really love most of the songs, but at the same time I don’t like “In Summer” and “Reindeer(s) Are Better Than People at all”. These songs just weren’t as good as the other songs. Also I hated they gave Jonathan Groff a silly 50-second song. Come on Disney! You hire an amazing artist that can sing beautifully and you give him a song like this? I would be more ok with “In Summer” if Jonathan at least was given another song as big and dramatic as “Let it Go” or “For The First Time in Forever.”" The Entertainment Nut wrote "If there’s one song that seems wedged into the final product, it’s Reindeer(s) Are Better Than People. With Jonathan Groff’s vocal talents available, it felt like they had to find some way to get in his talents, and this 51-second piece definitely seems to fit the bill." The Notorious I.G. said the film "has two songs that could get Oscar gold" ("Let It Go" and "For the First Time in Forever"), though added "but "Reindeer(s) Are Better Than People" may be a cult hit." AssignmentX said along with In Summer, the song is an example of "the pleasantly goofier stuff". GeeksOfDoom wrote "Disappointingly, the golden voice of Jonathan Groff only has one opportunity to enter the soundtrack, and it’s this brief piece here. It’s quite witty and funny, especially when he responds to his own impersonation of Sven." Animation Unplugged said "Reindeer(s) Are Better Than People made me laugh, but I felt like it stopped the film." HeyUGuys said "‘Reindeer(s) Are Better Than People’ is no more than a forgettable ditty that's lucky to be on the soundtrack at all", and described it as a "miss", along with Frozen Heart. ALookAtDisney wrote "granted not all of the songs are great such as "Fixer Upper"  or "Reindeer(s) Are Better Than People"". The Kilt said "“Reindeer(s) Are Better Than People” and “In Summer” don’t assist in the progression of the plot, but are all valuable to the soundtrack. One part madness and two parts silliness; there really is no point for “Reindeer(s) Are Better Than People.” It's a fun, short, duet between Jonathan Groff and himself."

Certifications

References

2013 songs
Songs written by Robert Lopez
Songs written by Kristen Anderson-Lopez
Songs about mammals
Songs from Frozen (franchise)


title: In Summer

text:
"In Summer" is a song from Disney's 2013 animated feature film Frozen, with music and lyrics composed by Kristen Anderson-Lopez and Robert Lopez.

Synopsis

The song is performed by Olaf (Josh Gad), and is a comedic and ironic ballad in which Olaf expresses how he wants to experience the season of summer. He is seen in several positions, including in shades, relaxing in a hot tub, playing on a beach, dancing around sand people, and relaxing on a picnic, unaware that as a snowman he will melt, and therefore his dream is in vain. The song is considered darkly comical large in part because every single thing that Olaf does is something that will only make him melt faster.

Background
According to Josh Gad, since Robert Lopez had already co-written The Book of Mormon (in which Gad was the original Elder Cunningham), Lopez already knew what type of voice he had, and so that influenced the type of song that was written for him. Gad also appreciated being able to perform a song "without 20 f-bombs in it", so it was acceptable for a younger demographic. The songwriters asked him to do "the operatic ending", a request that amused Gad.

He argued that the song was not morbid, and is instead filled with a "youthful optimism", as Olaf still acts like the ages of Elsa and Anna when they created him - he is the last vestige of their forgotten past - and therefore everything he does has a naïve and hopeful quality to it.

The song replaced an earlier song for Olaf titled "Hot Hot Ice," which Anderson-Lopez described as "Hot Hot Hot meets Simon & Garfunkel. It didn't work."

Critical reception
Time dubbed it "the movie’s mid-show-stopper" and "a musical-comedy miracle", writing "A soft-shoe number with brilliant choreography of character, voice and visuals (it ends with a swirling tracking shot that quotes the one that accompanied Julie Andrews singing 'The Sound of Music'), 'In Summer' makes Olaf's weather delusion sound and look deliciously delirious". CinemaBlend said it was "the film's best song", and National Catholic Register called it "the movie’s funniest scene and best song". Variety said it was the "most inspired musical number", and added it was "wryly visualized by Buck and Lee and expressed in playful lyrics". The Morton Report described it as "Josh Gad’s spotlight number", and noted that it "might not exactly drive the narrative, but it’s hilarious." Rochester City Newspaper said "Josh Gad’s distinctive, totally-committed performance gives In Summer a lot of heart. HighDef Digest said it was "a nice break from the darkness and action". New York Post calls it "a superb comic number, describing it as "a denialist fantasy on par with "By the Sea" in Sweeney Todd". Sputnikmusic said it was "charmingly heavy-handed", "It’s one of the few pieces which doesn't take itself seriously, and as a result it’s by far the best song on the soundtrack. The buzzing, nimble lyrics succeed as well, and the admittedly simple premise stays fresh throughout alongside whimsical string plucks and offbeat acoustic guitar." CraveOnline deemed it one of the two "unforgettable, showstopping number[s]" of the musical, along with "Let It Go", and describes it as "a delightfully wry confection". CommonSenseMedia, responding to Jonathan Groff's character's quips to try to burst Olaf's bubble, said "Groff captures Olaf's neurotic optimism in the hopeful tune "In Summer", describing it as one of the great character moment brought out through song." Paste called it a "show-stopping comedy number", and adding it "provides one of the few moments when Frozen fully lives up to the Disney’s classics that have come before."

Other languages

The Korean language version sung by Lee Jangwon appeared on the Gaon Music Chart's download sub-chart at 189 after being downloaded 7,000 times, however did not appear on the main Gaon Singles Chart.

Charts

Certifications

References

External links
  (on Disney's official channel)

2013 songs
Songs from Frozen (franchise)
Comedy songs
Songs written by Robert Lopez
Songs written by Kristen Anderson-Lopez
Josh Gad songs


title: Quercus intricata

text:
Quercus intricata, common name dwarf oak, intricate oak or Coahuila scrub oak, is a plant species native to northern Mexico and western Texas.

Description
Quercus intricata is an evergreen shrub that reproduces vegetatively, producing large colonies.

The leaves are thick, leathery, usually wavy, oblong to ovate, up to  long. The upper side of the leaf is green with scattered clumps of small curly hairs; the underside appears white or brown because of a thick coat of curly hairs.

Distribution
It is common in mountains of the Chihuahuan Desert, in the states of Coahuila, Nuevo León, Durango, and Zacatecas. In the United States, it has been reported from only two sites: one in the Chisos Mountains inside Big Bend National Park, and the other near Eagle Peak  southwest of Van Horn.

The species prefers open chaparral and woodlands, often on slopes.

References

External links
 photo of herbarium specimen collected in Nuevo León in 1996

intricata
Oaks of Mexico
Flora of Texas
Plants described in 1864
Big Bend National Park
Flora of the Chihuahuan Desert
Taxa named by William Trelease


title: Rolling Stoned

text:
Rolling Stoned is the debut studio album by American rapper Smoke DZA. The album was released on August 30, 2011, by iH2D and iHipHop Distribution. The album features guest appearances from Bun B, Big K.R.I.T., Kendrick Lamar, ASAP Rocky, Fiend, Den10, Dom Kennedy, Trademark da Skydiver, Schoolboy Q, Big Sant and Currensy.

Background
In August 2011, in an interview with Raw Roots, Smoke DZA spoke about what to expect from the album, saying: "You can expect the same thing. You can expect stellar production. A lot of anthems. In this particular album, I got a lot of features. Usually, I tend to dibble and dabble with features with the people I like. It’s people I listen to that I have genuine interest in. I don’t just do songs with just anyone unless it’s business but for my own purposes I always wanna do music with people that I can really have respect for. I got a lot of good features on this project, good production, good topics and a lotta anthems. I got a lot of stories to tell too so, it’ll be real cool."

Critical reception

Rolling Stoned was met with generally positive reviews from music critics. The Company Man of HipHopDX gave the album three out of five stars, saying "Smoke DZA has always played a suitable Robin and, on Rolling Stoned, he’s still a ways away from driving the Bat Mobile. Maybe that’s why there’s twelve guest appearances on a thirteen track album. Maybe he feels he resonates more in limited doses. With only four solo joints, it’s difficult to get a feel for the artist. Instead, he flaunts the caricature while the person behind "The Kushed God" is still hidden in a cloud of smoke." Neil Martinez-Belkin of XXL gave the album an L, saying "At times, the Cinematic spitter’s delivery reminds of the flamboyant slick type of flow that has defined Harlem rappers, and over the laidback buoyant production, it’s a unique sound. But with the subject matter so limited, George Kush sometimes sells himself short. But Rolling Stoned results in a fun listen, however predictable it may be. While there’s room for growth, Smoke DZA has put together another solid project that’s sure to keep his growing group of Dziples asking for more. Rrrright."

Track listing

Charts

References

2011 debut albums
Smoke DZA albums
Albums produced by Big K.R.I.T.
Albums produced by Cardo


title: Alexander Correctional Institution

text:
Alexander Correctional Institution (AXCI) is a North Carolina Department of Public Safety state prison for men, located in Taylorsville, North Carolina.  The facility opened in 2004 as one of three 1000-bed Close Custody prisons built in the state.

The institution is a Close Custody prison, used mainly for housing felons.  Inmates are assigned to one of four internal units:  the Blue Unit for transferring prisoners and those with chronic health issues, Red Unit for security risk group and Mental Health prisoners, Green Unit for inmates on internal work assignments, and a Restrictive Housing Unit for disciplinary purposes.

Treatment of prisoners

In August 2008, a prisoner named Timothy Helms claimed that, while in solitary confinement, a beating by corrections officers had left him a brain-damaged quadriplegic. An internal investigation showed various violations of the prison's own standards (Helms had been in restrictive housing for 571 consecutive days, officers had tethered him with a nylon strap similar to a leash, medical attention was delayed until the next day, etc.).  No charges were ever filed, although one prison guard resigned after the investigation. Helms died in an extended-care facility in September 2010.

In 2014, two Alexander inmates died within four months. One of these was on March 12, when prisoner Michael Kerr died of dehydration while being transported for medical attention.  Seven officers were fired after the event and another two resigned.  Kerr's death prompted a federal criminal investigation and the state prison system settling a lawsuit with Kerr's heirs for $2.5 million.

On June 25, 2016, officers found inmate Justin Cauble unresponsive in his cell, dead of an apparent drug overdose.

References

Prisons in North Carolina
Buildings and structures in Alexander County, North Carolina
2004 establishments in North Carolina


title: 1988 Great Britain Lions tour

text:
The 1988 Great Britain Lions tour was the Great Britain national rugby league team's 18th tour of Australasia and took place from May to July 1988. It started with a Test match against Papua New Guinea before the best-of-three series against Australia for the Ashes title, and finally a Test against New Zealand. Some of these matches counted toward the ongoing 1985–1988 World Cup tournament. An additional 13 matches were played against local club and representative sides from each host nation.

Background
The tour took place after Britain's 1987–88 Rugby Football League season. A 16-man British press party - the largest ever - accompanied the team through Papua New Guinea, Australia and New Zealand.

Touring squad
Mal Reilly was the British team's coach. The assistant coach was British Amateur Rugby League Association (BARLA) and RFL Coaching Director Phil Larder. The tour manager was Les Bettinson. The touring side's captain was Ellery Hanley, who was signed by Sydney club the Balmain Tigers to play the remaining rounds of the 1988 NSWRFL season once his representative commitments were fulfilled. It was also announced during the tour that Kevin Ward, who had played in Manly-Warringah's 1987 premiership winning team, would rejoin the Sea Eagles for the remainder of their season once the tour was completed.

An initial 23-man squad for the tour was selected in April 1988, with an additional three players to be selected from a "train-on" squad. Andy Goodway withdrew from the tour due to "business commitments", and was replaced by Roy Haggerty. Des Drummond was removed from the squad after allegedly punching a spectator who rushed onto the pitch shouting racial abuse during the British season. Carl Gibson was selected as his replacement. Steve Hampson withdrew due to injury, and Joe Lydon was dropped for allegedly assaulting a spectator.

Papua New Guinea
The Lions played only two games in Papua New Guinea, winning both of them.

The result of this match counted towards the 1985–1988 World Cup tournament, the final of which was to be played later in the year. The first Test of the tour was played in 38 degree heat with fans clustered in trees and clinging to lights around the ground. 21-year-old Shaun Edwards, the youngest member of the touring party, damaged his knee after six minutes of the match and it was feared that he would miss the rest of the tour. By half time Great Britain were leading 28–6. Garry Schofield scored his 17th try in 18 Test matches for Great Britain, and captain Ellery Hanley made three try-saving tackles.

After the match Edwards was flown to Sydney to undergo surgery on his knee's cartilage due to the injury he sustained while playing in this match.

Australia
The Australian leg of the tour took place in the midst of the 1988 NSWRFL season as well as the 1988 State of Origin series. In 1988 Australia was also celebrating its national bicentenary. The tour's itinerary, which involved short periods between matches, making it tough for the visitors, was designed by the Australian Rugby League but agreed to by the British.

The Ashes series attracted just 67,554 to the three tests, with the dead rubber third game attracting just 15,944 to the Sydney Football Stadium. The second Ashes test against Australia at Lang Park in Brisbane drew the tours highest attendance of 27,130 while the game against reigning Sydney premiers Manly-Warringah attracted the highest non-test attendance of the tour with 21,131. The total Ashes series attendance was 7,926 less than had attended the 1984 series played in Australia and was 34,006 less than the record breaking series played in England during the 1986 Kangaroo Tour. It was also easily the lowest ever attended Ashes series played in Australia since 1910 which attracted 60,000 fans.

Test Venues
The three Ashes series tests took place at the following venues. Two games were played in Sydney.

North Queensland: Namok, Gagai, Taylor, Turia, Curry, Worth, Filosi, Colwell, Bax, McAskill, House, Dalley, Greenwood. Res - Ernest, Conlan

Great Britain: Phil Ford, Paul Medley, Carl Gibson, David Stephenson, Martin Offiah, David Hulme, Mike Ford, Brian Case, Paul Groves, Roy Powell, Karl Fairbank, Paul Dixon, Andy Platt (c). Res - Roy Haggerty

The Newcastle Knights, a new team in the NSWRL Premiership in 1988, was rewarded for large early season attendances with a game against the touring Lions.

The Northern Division side, captained by former NSW, South Sydney and Eastern Suburbs five-eighth Rocky Laurie, gave the tourists their first defeat, and a heavy defeat at that. Also playing for Northern Division was future NSWRL Rothmans Medal winner with Canterbury-Bankstown, Moree Boomerangs  Ewan McGrady who crossed for two tries and future Canterbury premiership winning centre Matthew Ryan. The game became known as "Black Sunday" for the Lions who went down 36-12. According to media reports, after the game Mal Reilly locked his team in the dressing room and upbraided them for 20 minutes before the media were allowed in.

Although facing the Lions mid-week side which still included test players Andy Platt, Martin Offiah, Phil Ford, Carl Gibson, David Hulme and Roy Powell, Manly went into the game missing regular first grade players Paul Vautin, Michael O'Connor, Phil Daley (Australian test players rested before the first test four days later), while fullback Dale Shearer, winger David Ronson and goal kicking hooker Mal Cochrane were unavailable due to injury. In the absence of Vautin, the defending Winfield Cup premiers were captained by 1986 Kangaroo Tourist and 10 test veteran Noel Cleal who had a point to prove after being a shock omission from the Australian and NSW sides (the Lions camp and the English media following the team was reportedly dumbfounded at Cleal's non-selection). In front of a vocal Brookvale Oval crowd of 21,131, the largest non-test attendance of the tour, the makeshift Sea Eagles side put the tourists to the sword, running out five tries to nil winners. Manly's teenage halfback Geoff Toovey, playing only his third game of top grade football, capped a man-of-the-match performance scoring one of his sides tries. The match saw the first time that former test rivals and teammates in Manly's 1972 and 1973 premiership wins Bob Fulton (Manly) and Mal Reilly (Great Britain) would coach against each other.

For the Lions, their captain on the night Andy Platt was far and away their best player with the rest showing little form heading into the first test just 4 days later. After Cliff Lyons crossed for Manly's 5th try in just 60th minute, the game descended into a scrappy contest as fatigue and high frustrations for the Lions resulted in Mark Brokenshire (Manly) and Roy Haggerty (GB) each getting 10 minutes in the sin-bin for foul play. For Manly, Toovey, Lyons, Cleal and Des Hasler (playing at lock) led the way for the 30–0 win.

The game was refereed by Frenchman Francis Desplas who would be the referee for all three tests of the Ashes series. Although not playing the game, Mal Reilly allowed Lions prop forward Kevin Ward who had played in Manly's 1987 Grand Final winning team (and would again link with Manly once the tour ended), to take the toss of the coin in front of his 'home' fans despite Andy Platt captaining the side. The scheduling of the game against the reigning Sydney premiers only four days out from the first test drew criticism from Lions management and the British press who were covering the tour.

1st Ashes Test
The Ashes series was styled the 'Winfield Test series' due to sponsorship from Winfield cigarettes. The first game was the 100th rugby league test between the two sides. Andrew Ettingshausen, Peter Jackson, Tony Currie, Sam Backo, Phil Daley and Gary Belcher were selected to make their Test match debuts for Australia. Largely thanks to their 3-0 domination of the State of Origin series, Queensland players dominated in the Australian forward pack with Manly's Phil Daley the only NSW player in the starting six. Both Blues skipper Wayne Pearce and Noel Cleal were shock omissions while Wally Fullerton-Smith (second row) and Greg Conescu (hooker) were recalled for their first tests since 1984 and 1985 respectively. The absence through injury of several of Great Britain's Test stars meant that several members of their team were playing out of position.

Following heavy losses to Northern Division and Manly-Warringah in their two games immediately prior to the first test, one unnamed ARL official allegedly remarked that trying to promote a test series with the Great Britain side (who had not won a test against Australia since the second test of the 1978 Kangaroo Tour) was like trying to flog a dead horse. Indeed, this was reflected when only 24,480 attended the first test at the Sydney Football Stadium, with the dead rubber third test at the venue only attracting 15,944 fans, the lowest ever test attendance between the two teams in Sydney.

Following a high tackle on British hooker Kevin Beardmore by Australian front rower Phil Daley, Great Britain put the first points on the board with Paul Loughlin's penalty kick from 40 metres out. The first try also went to the visitors with Ellery Hanley beating several defenders to score in the corner. Great Britain looked the better team in the first half and were leading 6–0 at the break.

After six minutes of the second-half Sam Backo ran on to a Peter Sterling pass to score Australia's first try, although there was doubt around the ball's grounding. Peter Jackson scored two tries over 11 minutes to give Australia victory. In between these two tries Wally Lewis kicked a field goal.

John MacDonald of The Sydney Morning Herald reported that the tourists were not only competitive, but a little unlucky, and that the 17–6 score did not reflect how close they came to winning. He also leveled heavy criticism at the refereeing performance of Francois Desplas, who could not speak English. As man-of-the-match, British forward Kevin Ward received $1,000.

Great Britain's second-row forward Andy Platt received an injury to his left arm that was expected to see him sidelined for the next two weeks.

Combined Brisbane: Steve Hegarty, Kelly Egan, Brett McCarthy, Cherry, Gordon Barwick, Peter Coyne, Daunt, McIntyre, Holmes, Ponting, Glen Haggath, Ian Stains, Darren Smith. Res - Kevin Langer, White

Great Britain: Phil Ford, Henderson Gill, Garry Schofield, Carl Gibson, Ellery Hanley (c), Mike Ford, Brian Case, Paul Groves, Lee Crooks, Roy Powell, Karl Fairbank, Paul Dixon. Res - Martin Offiah, Hugh Waddell

In the 20th minute of the match British centre Garry Schofield was assisted from the field with a fractured jaw bone.

Central Queensland: Crow, Miller, Peter White, Paul White, Hinricks, Iles, Upkett, Olsson, Emmert, Weinert, Leisha, Duff, Brazier.

Great Britain: Paul Loughlin, Carl Gibson, Ian Wilkinson, Darren Wright, Martin Offiah, Ellery Hanley (c), David Hulme, Kevin Ward, Kevin Beardmore, Hugh Waddell, Roy Powell, Karl Fairbank, Roy Haggerty. Res - Lee Crooks, Henderson Gill

British prop Lee Crooks injured his shoulder in this match putting him in doubt for the remainder of the Ashes series. Winning the scrums 11-2, Great Britain had a wealth of possession and exploited it ruthlessly. The Capras' only try came from Black Water Devils second-rower Marshall Leisha during the last ten minutes.

Toowoomba / S-E Queensland: Weribone, Clevin, Blake, Pratt, Stower, Clancy, Smith, Dwyer, M. Cook, Sutoon, Buckle, Johnson, Sullivan. Res - Terry Cook, Neale

Great Britain: Paul Loughlin, Henderson Gill, David Stephenson, Phil Ford, Martin Offiah, Ellery Hanley (c), David Hulme, Kevin Ward, Kevin Beardmore, Paul Dixon, Karl Fairbank, Roy Powell, Mike Gregory.

Wide Bay: Ovens, Templeman, Kirby, Lalli, Kinsela, Jones, Ward, Reddacliff, Gerrard, McGrath, Sempf, Schulte, March. Res - Graving, Ryan

Great Britain: Ian Wilkinson, Carl Gibson, Andy Currier, Darren Wright, Henderson Gill, Mike Ford, Paul Hulme, Brian Case, Paul Groves, Hugh Waddell, Roy Powell, Karl Fairbank, Roy Haggerty. Res - Paul Loughlin, Martin Offiah

2nd Ashes Test
The Australian's made two changes to the side that won the first test in Sydney. Wayne Pearce earned a recall at lock with Bob Lindner moving to the bench in place of Steve Folkes. Injuries again forced Mal Reilly into changing his side for the second test. Garry Schofield's broken jaw saw Phil Ford moved to the centres with Henderson Gill recalled onto the wing. Captain Ellery Hanley moved from lock to the centres in place of David Stephenson with Mike Gregory coming in at lock forward. Andy Platt dropped from the front row to the back row with Roy Powell coming into prop. Darren Wright and Paul Hulme were the new players on the bench.

Match commentary was provided by Darrell Eastlake and supercoach Jack Gibson.

On Lang Park's electronic scoreboard the message "Bullfrog - shame our favourite No 7 isn't here" was displayed in a reference to Queensland halfback Allan Langer being overlooked for selection by Kangaroos team manager Peter Moore in favour of Peter Sterling.

The tourists got first points with a penalty kick. After playing the ball three quarters of the way towards Great Britain's line Australians moved the ball through the hands out to left centre Michael O'Connor who broke through the defence and scored the first try. Australia's next try came in the twentieth minute when Wally Lewis chip kicked the ball ahead for himself, re-gathered it and passed it Peter Jackson who crossed untouched and scored behind the uprights. O'Connor successfully converted his try taking the score to 14–4 in favour of the hosts. After playing the ball around mid field the Australians kept the ball alive with a total of nine passes, the last of which was to Andrew Ettingshausen on the right wing who beat Martin Offiah to dive over in the corner. O'Connor's conversion attempt hit the upright so the half time score remained at 18–4.

After the break Great Britain were playing the ball within their own half of the field when Ellery Hanley got it at first receiver and ran himself, splitting the defence and racing into Australia's half where he passed to Ford who ran the remaining forty metres to score beneath the uprights. Sam Backo then scored a close range try, running from dummy-half and forcing his way over the line. Again playing the ball close to Great Britain's line Australia scored from dummy half once more when Wayne Pearce dived over. Playing the ball just inside Great Britain's half the Australians continued up-field, evading tacklers and passing to support players, the last of whom was Wally Lewis who ran the remaining metres to score untouched. Five minutes from full-time Andy Gregory was sent to the sin-bin for 10 minutes—effectively for the remainder of the game—after another high tackle on Ettingshausen.

By winning this match Australia successfully defended their Ashes title. The Poms' excessive aggression was seen as costing them the match. Criticism of French referee Desplas also continued.

Western Division: Frail, Wilfred Williams, Casey, Mark Smith, Newman, Clark, Douglas, Gibson, Luke, McAnally, Fitzgerald, Michael Peachy, Moy. Res - Stammers, Batty

Great Britain: Ian Wilkinson, Carl Gibson, Andy Currier, Darren Wright, Martin Offiah, Ellery Hanley (c), Mike Ford, Brian Case, Paul Groves, Hugh Waddell, Karl Fairbank, Paul Hulme, Mike Gregory.

With Great Britain leading 26–10 with 20 minutes to go, the local forwards rallied strongly to give the Lions a fright.

After playing the entire tour using the international numbers for the forwards (i.e. props with 8 and 10, loose forward with 13), Great Britain used the old standard still used in Australia until the end of the year with the props in 11 and 13, loose forward with 8.

The Don Furner coached President's XIII led 14–2 after 22 minutes thanks to tries by Steve O'Brien, Glenn Lazarus and 1986 Kangaroo tourist Greg Alexander. But after a second half try to Mal Meninga (who had an off day with the boot, kicking only 2 of his 6 attempts at goal), the Lions brought it back to 18–16 thanks to 2 tries from Welsh fullback Phil Ford and one to captain Mike Gregory plus the more accurate goal kicking of St Helens centre Paul Loughlin in the increasingly muddy conditions at the Seiffert Oval, the home ground of the Canberra Raiders. However, a late try to Penrith centre Graeme Bradley put the game beyond the reach of the tourists. South Sydney's Mario Fenech, playing at hooker, was given the honour of captaining the President's XIII.

3rd Ashes Test
This match also counted toward the result of the 1985–1988 World Cup tournament. Australia were considered favourites, having won the past fifteen consecutive test matches. Great Britain's chances were also lessened by the squad missing the likes of Shaun Edwards, Kevin Beardmore, Steve Hampson, Andy Platt, Garry Schofield, Joe Lydon, Lee Crooks and Andy Goodway for one reason or another, and some players taking to the field not fully fit. It was the debut of Paul Hulme and Hugh Waddell in the front row.
The match was broadcast by the Nine network with commentary from Darrell Eastlake and Jack Gibson.

Early in the match Great Britain were disallowed a try when Henderson Gill dived onto an Andy Gregory bomb which was not secured by the Australian fullback. The Kangaroos then had chances to score at the other end of the field, but the British defence held strong. The first try of the match would go to the visitors when, playing the ball inside Australia's twenty-two, they strung some passes together, getting the ball out to Martin Offiah who dove over the line on the right wing. The conversion attempt was missed so the score was 0–4 with over three quarters of the match still to be played. A few minutes later Great Britain were again on the attack in Australia's territory and keeping the ball alive, their scrum half back Andy Gregory darting about elusively before passing it to Ford who stepped and weaved his way amongst the defenders to dash through and score near the uprights. The conversion was successful, giving Great Britain a 0–10 lead. Shortly before half-time Australia suffered a major setback when their halfback Peter Sterling was forced off with a dislocated shoulder after being driven into the turf in a tackle by Roy Powell. No more points were scored in the first half, so this was the score at the break.

Australia scored first in the second half after winning a scrum against the feed within Great Britain's twenty-two. Working the ball up close to the uprights, their captain Wally Lewis got it at first receiver and ran it into the defence, wrestling his way through to the tryline where he reached out and put it down beneath the black dot. The try was successfully converted, so the score was 6–10 in favour of the Lions. Great Britain then extended their lead after working the ball up into an attacking position where Andy Gregory chipped it ahead. In the rush of chasers from both sides trying to reach the ball it was knocked ahead into the in-goal area where Henderson Gill dived on it. The kick was successful so the British were leading 6–16. Again the Britons' failure to win a scrum in their own territory afforded Australia another opportunity, with forward Sam Backo crashing over the line shortly after from close range. The successful kick brought the Kangaroos back to within an unconverted try at 12–16. The Lions struck again from deep within their own half where centre Paul Loughlin got the ball at first receiver, ran through the defensive line and crossed half-way before passing to Henderson Gill in support on his outside to dive over on the right wing. The conversion attempt was missed, so the British lead was 12–20. Then they scored another long range try while working the ball away from their own line, Andy Gregory making a dart from dummy half, catching the markers napping and getting into open space. He then found Mike Gregory in support who ran about seventy metres to dive over under the posts. The easy kick meant a 26–12 lead for Great Britain and this is where the scoreboard remained at full-time.

Australian front row forward Sam Backo scored a try in all three tests. This saw him join legendary winger Ken Irvine (1963) as the only Australians to score a try in each test of an Ashes series.

This was the end of a 15-match winning streak for the Australians, and Great Britain's first Test victory over the Kangaroos since their 18–14 win at Odsal Stadium during the 1978 Kangaroo tour, as well as their first win in Australia for 18 years. It also put Great Britain on top of the World Cup points table.

After the match there was a gala dinner at the Regent Hotel.

New Zealand

The Lions lost two of three of their matches in New Zealand.

Test Match
The result of this match would determine who would contest the final of the 1985–1988 World Cup tournament's final to be played later in the year.

It was a rainy afternoon in Christchurch. Following the national anthems "God Save the Queen" and "God Defend New Zealand", and a haka by the Kiwis, Great Britain kicked off. In slippery conditions New Zealand knocked during the first set of six. This resulted in a scrum to the visitors deep inside the Kiwis' territory. From the scrum win the ball was moved out to the left where a pass was knocked down by a New Zealand defender but re-gathered by British centre Paul Loughlin who dived over the line. The referee awarded the try which Loughlin failed to convert, so Great Britain got out to an early 4 nil lead. A few minutes later a penalty was awarded to the Lions but Loughlin's kick was again wide. Shortly after that New Zealand were awarded a penalty and Peter Brown kicked it successfully, bringing the margin back to two points at 2–4.

Great Britain captain Ellery Hanley sustained a cut under his eye during the match which required 12 stitches.

Notes

References

Great Britain national rugby league team tours
Rugby league tours of Australia
Australia–United Kingdom relations
New Zealand–United Kingdom relations
Papua New Guinea–United Kingdom relations
Great Britain Lions tour
Great Britain Lions tour
Great Britain Lions tour
Great Britain Lions tour
Rugby league tours of New Zealand
Rugby league tours of Papua New Guinea


title: List of Freikorps members

text:
Freikorps () were German volunteer military or paramilitary units. The term was originally applied to voluntary armies formed in German lands from the middle of the 18th century onwards. Between World War I and World War II the term was also used for the anti-communist paramilitary organizations that arose during the Weimar Republic. This is a partial list of the post-World War I Freikorps members.

Freikorps members

Hugo von Abercron, German aviation pioneer
Wilhelm Albert, SS General
Herbert Albrecht, NSDAP Gauleiter in Mecklenburg-Lübeck
Friedrich Alpers, SS General
Ludolf-Hermann von Alvensleben, SS General
Ludolf Jakob von Alvensleben, SS Colonel
Benno von Arent, SS Colonel
Karl Astel, racial scientist and eugenicist
Erich von dem Bach-Zelewski, SS General
Hermann Balck, German Army General
Rudolf Bamler, German Army General
Eleonore Baur, SS nurse and NSDAP member
Hans Baur, SS General
Gottlob Berger, SS General
Theodor Berkelmann, SS General
Rudolph Berthold, World War I ace
Lothar Beutel, SS General
Walther Bierkamp, SS General
Helmut Bischoff, SS Lieutenant Colonel
Wilhelm Bittrich, SS General
Dr. Kurt Blome, Nazi physician/SA General
Hans-Jürgen von Blumenthal, German Army Major
Günther Blumentritt, German Army General
Fedor von Bock, German Army Field Marshal
Friedrich-Wilhelm Bock, SS Colonel
Karl Bodenschatz, Luftwaffe General
Adolf von Bomhard, SS General
Martin Bormann, Secretary to the Führer/SS General
Ferdinand Brandner, SS Colonel
Fritz von Brodowski, German Army General
Helmuth Brückner, NSDAP Gauleiter of Silesia/SA General
Wilhelm Brückner, SA General
Karl Brunner, SS General
Franz Büchner, World War I Air ace
Josef Bürckel, NSDAP Gauleiter of Westmark/SS General
Wilhelm Burgdorf, German Army General
Hans Georg Calmeyer, German lawyer
Wilhelm Canaris, German Navy Admiral/Chief of Military Intelligence
Hellmut von der Chevallerie, German Army General
Kurt von der Chevallerie, German Army General
Friedrich Christiansen, Luftwaffe General
Leonardo Conti, SS General
Max de Crinis, SS Colonel
Kurt Daluege, Chief of the Order Police/SS General
Richard Walther Darré, NSDAP Reichsleiter/SS General
Otto Deßloch, Luftwaffe General
Heinrich Deubel, SS Colonel
Karl Diebitsch, SS Colonel
Christoph Diehm, SS General
Eduard Dietl, German Army General
Josef Dietrich, SS General
Oskar Dirlewanger, SS Colonel
Heinrich Graf zu Dohna-Schlobitten, German Army General
Harry Domela, imposter
Hans Döring, SS General
Anton Dunckern, SS General
Karlfried Graf Dürckheim, Nazi diplomat and propagandist
Freiherr Karl von Eberstein, SS General
Charles Edward, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, SA General
Hermann Ehrhardt, SS General
Franz Ritter von Epp, NSDAP Reichsstatthalter of Bavaria/German Army General
Karl Ernst, SA General
Georg Escherich, German politician
Hermann Esser, Vice President of the Reichstag
Nikolaus von Falkenhorst, German Army General
Hermann Fegelein, SS General
Richard Fiedler, SS General
Hans Frank, Governor-General of Poland/SA General
Karl Hermann Frank, SS General
Fritz Freitag, SS General
Wessel Freytag von Loringhoven, German Army Colonel
Helmuth Friedrichs, SS General
Hermann Foertsch, German Army General
Wilhelm Fuchs, SS Colonel
Fritz Fullriede, German Army General
Wolfgang Fürstner, German Army Captain
Karl Gebhardt, SS General
Hans Ferdinand Geisler, Luftwaffe General
Richard Glücks, SS General
Wilhelm Göcke, SS Colonel
Ellery von Gorrissen, SS Lieutenant Colonel
Curt von Gottberg, SS General
Ulrich Grauert, Luftwaffe General
Ernst-Robert Grawitz, SS General
Heinz Greiner, German Army General
Arthur Greiser, NSDAP Gauleiter of Wartheland/SS General
Adam Grünewald, SS Major
Heinz Guderian, German Army General
Prince Gustav of Thurn and Taxis, Thule Society member
Hans Hahne, German Army General
Wilhelm Harster, SS General
Paul Hausser, SS General
Franz Hayler, SS General
Richard Heidrich, Luftwaffe General
Edmund Heines, Deputy SA Chief-of-Staff
Gotthard Heinrici, German Army General
Werner Heisenberg, German physicist
August Heissmeyer, SS General
Wolf-Heinrich Graf von Helldorf, SA General
Konrad Henlein, NSDAP Gauleiter of Sudetenland/SS General
Paul Hennicke, SS General
Eberhard Herf, SS General
Maximilian von Herff, SS General
Rudolf Hess, Deputy Führer
Reinhard Heydrich, SS General
Peter von Heydebreck, SA General
Konstantin Hierl, NSDAP Reichsleiter
Ernst-Albrecht Hildebrandt, SS Colonel
Friedrich Hildebrandt, NSDAP Gauleiter of Mecklenburg/SS General
Richard Hildebrandt, SS General
Gebhard Ludwig Himmler, SS Colonel
Heinrich Himmler, Reichsführer-SS
Hans Hinkel, SS General
Paul Hinkler, NSDAP Gauleiter of Halle-Merseburg
Kurt Hintze, SS General
Rudolf Hoess, SS Lieutenant Colonel/Kommandant of Auschwitz
Karl Höfer, SS General
Hermann Höfle, SS General
Otto Hofmann, SS General
Paul Hofmann, NSDAP Gauleiter of Magdeburg-Anhalt
Hans Albert Hohnfeldt, NSDAP Gauleiter of Danzig
Hermann Hoth, German Army General
Adolf Hühnlein, NSDAP Reichsleiter/SA General
Hans Hüttig, SS Major
Bernhard von Hülsen, German Army General
Friedrich Gustav Jaeger, German Army Colonel
Friedrich Jeckeln, SS General
Hans Jeschonnek, Luftwaffe General
Ferdinand Jodl, German Army General
Rudolf Jordan, NSDAP Gauleiter of Halle-Merseburg/SA General
Josias, Hereditary Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont, SS General
Edgar Julius Jung, German lawyer
Hans Jüttner, SS General
Richard Kaaserer, SS General
Walther Kadow, German schoolteacher
Ernst Kaltenbrunner, SS General
Hans Kammler, SS General
Ernst Kantorowicz, Medieval historian
Siegfried Kasche, Nazi Ambassador/SA General
Karl Kaufmann, NSDAP Gauleiter of Hanover/SS General
Kurt Kaul, SS General
Wilhelm Keitel, German Army Field Marshal
Werner Kempf, German Army General
Ulrich Kessler, Luftwaffe General
Dr. Emil Ketterer, SA General
Manfred Freiherr von Killinger, SS General
Matthias Kleinheisterkamp, SS General
Paul Ludwig Ewald von Kleist, German Field Marshal
Waldemar Klingelhöfer, SS Major
Hans Ulrich Klintzsch, Supreme SA Leader
Erich Koch, NSDAP  Gauleiter of East Prussia/SA General
Paul Körner, SS General
Gerret Korsemann, SS General
Albert Krebs, NSDAP Gauleiter of Hamburg
Heinrich Kreipe, German Army General
Hermann Kriebel, NSDAP supporter
Friedrich-Wilhelm Krüger, SS General
Walter Krüger, SS General
Georg von Küchler, German Army Field Marshal
Friedrich Landfried, German lawyer, State Secretary and Luftwaffe Major
Otto Lasch, German Army General
Johann von Leers, SS Major and Propaganda Ministry official
Karl Lenz, NSDAP Gauleiter of Hesse-Darmstadt
Arthur Liebehenschel, SS Officer
Georg Lindemann, German Army General
Karl Linder, NSDAP Gauleiter of Hesse-Nassau
Wilhelm List, German Army Field Marshal
Wilhelm Friedrich Loeper, NSDAP Gauleiter of Magdeburg-Anhalt/SS General
Bruno Loerzer, Luftwaffe General
Werner Lorenz, SS General
Walther von Lüttwitz, German Army General
Viktor Lutze, SA Chief-of-Staff
Max Luyken, SA General
Eberhard von Mackensen, German Army General
Johann-Erasmus Freiherr von Malsen-Ponickau, SS General
Hasso von Manteuffel, German Army General
Erich Marcks, German Army General
Benno Martin, SS General
Emil Maurice, first Supreme SA Leader/SS Colonel
Karl Mauss, German General
Josef Albert Meisinger, SS Colonel
Günther Merk, SS General
Erhard Milch, Luftwaffe Field Marshal
Rudolf Mildner, SS Colonel
Paul Moder, SS General
Thomas Müller, SS Colonel
Eugen Munder, NSDAP Gauleiter in Württemberg
Max Näther, World War I ace
Hermann Niehoff, German Army General
Friedrich T. Noltenius, World War I ace
Carl Oberg, SS General
Karl von Oberkamp, SS General
Waldemar Pabst, ordered the executions of Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht
Günther Pancke, SS General
Rudolf Pannier, SS Colonel
Helmuth von Pannwitz, German Army General/SS General
Friedrich Paulus, German Army Field Marshal
Heinz Pernet, SA General
Franz Pfeffer von Salomon, Supreme SA Leader
Horst von Pflugk-Harttung, German intelligence officer and spy
Oswald Pohl, SS General
Maximilian Ritter von Pohl, Luftwaffe General
Werner Preuss, World War I ace
Hans-Adolf Prützmann, SS General
Karl-Jesko von Puttkamer, German Navy Admiral
Hermann-Bernhard Ramcke, Luftwaffe General
Johann Rattenhuber, SS General
Hanns Albin Rauter, SS General
Eggert Reeder, SS General
Walter von Reichenau, German Army Field Marshal
Heinz Reinefarth, SS General
Bolko von Richthofen, German archaeologist and Ahnenerbe member
Hans-Joachim Riecke, SS General
Ernst August Rode, SS General
Manfred Roeder, Luftwaffe General and military judge
Arthur Rödl, SS Colonel
Ernst Röhm, SA Chief-of-Staff
Beppo Römer, KPD member
Gotthard Sachsenberg, World War I ace
Theo Saevecke, SS Captain
Ernst von Salomon, Organisation Consul member
Ferdinand von Sammern-Frankenegg, SS Officer
Dietrich von Saucken, German Army General
Emanuel Schäfer, SS Colonel
Julius Schaub, SS General
Hans Schemm, an NSDAP Gauleiter in Bavaria
Julian Scherner, SS Colonel
Walter Schimana, SS General
Albert Leo Schlageter, anti-French saboteur
Fritz Schlessmann, NSDAP Acting Gauleiter in Essen/SS General
Wilhelm Schmalz, German Army General
August Schmidthuber, SS General
Erich Schmiedicke, NSDAP Deputy Gauleiter in Berlin and Brandenburg
Philipp Johann Adolf Schmitt, SS Major
Rudolf Schmundt, German Army General
Otto Schniewind, German Navy Admiral
Eugen Ritter von Schobert, German Army General
Carl-August von Schoenebeck, Luftwaffe General
Fritz von Scholz, SS General
Karl Eberhard Schöngarth, SS General
Ferdinand Schörner, German Army Field Marshal
Julius Schreck, first Reichsführer-SS
Walther Schröder, SS General
Walther Schultze, SS General
Erwin Schulz, SS General
Paul Schulz, NSDAP Organization Department Head
Horst Schumann, SS Major
Rudolf von Sebottendorf, founder of the Thule Society
Hans Seidemann, Luftwaffe General
Franz Seldte, Reich Minister for Labor/SA General
Emil Sembach, SS Colonel
Max Simon, SS General
Friedrich Sixt, German Army General
Otto Skorzeny, SS Lieutenant Colonel
Hugo Sperrle, Luftwaffe Field Marshal
Jakob Sporrenberg, SS General
Franz Walter Stahlecker, SS General
Albert Stange, Nazi politician and police official
Felix Steiner, SS General
Walter Stennes, SA General
Hermann Stieve, German physician
Gregor Strasser, NSDAP Organization Leader
Otto Strasser, NSDAP publisher and journalist
Bruno Streckenbach, SS General
Wilhelm Stuckart, SS General
Günther Tamaschke, SS Colonel
Theobald Thier, SS General
Harald Turner, SS General
Friedrich Uebelhoer, SS General
Rudolf Veiel, German Army General
Josef Veltjens, Luftwaffe Colonel
Otmar Freiherr von Verschuer, German geneticist and eugenicist
Hans Voss, German Navy Admiral
Hans-Erich Voss, German Navy Admiral
Hilmar Wäckerle, SS Colonel
Otto Wagener, German Army General
Walter Warlimont, German Army General
Christian Weber, SS General
Dr. Friedrich Weber, SS General
Walther Wenck, German Army General
Richard Wendler, SS General
Otto Winkelmann, SS General
Karl Wolff, SS General
Udo von Woyrsch, SS General
Alfred Wünnenberg, Chief of the Order Police/SS General
Karl Zech, SS General
Carltheo Zeitschel, SS Major
Carl Zenner, SS General
Alexander Zenzes, World War I Ace

References

External links

Axis History Factbook; Freikorps section – By Marcus Wendel and contributors;  site also contains an apolitical forum
Freikorps Master list on Axis History Forum {reference only}
20th-century Freikorps
Anti-communism in Germany
Military history of Germany
Political repression in Germany
Terrorism in Germany
Counter-revolutionaries
German Revolution of 1918–1919


title: Grant Whitmore

text:
Grant Whitmore (1956 –) is a former Canadian politician, who sat in the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan from 1991 to 1999. A member of the Saskatchewan New Democratic Party caucus, he represented the electoral districts of Biggar from 1991 to 1995, and Saskatoon Northwest from 1995 to 1999.

Prior to his election to the legislature, he was a farmer and a delegate to the Saskatchewan Wheat Pool.

References

Living people
Saskatchewan New Democratic Party MLAs
Farmers from Saskatchewan
20th-century Canadian politicians
Politicians from Saskatoon
1956 births


title: Sydney Millionaires (MaPHL)

text:
The Sydney Millionaires were an early Canadian professional ice hockey team located in Sydney, Nova Scotia that challenged for the Stanley Cup in 1913.

History
Sydney joined the Maritime Professional Hockey League (MaPHL) for the 1912–13 season. The team won the league title and challenged for the Stanley Cup against the Quebec Bulldogs.

The Team Captain in 1913-14, Alfred 'Cap' McDonald, joined the team towards the end of his hockey career.  He started playing professional hockey in 1895 and during the off season played professional baseball and lacrosse.  Multi-athletics was common at that time as salaries were too modest to play only one sport.  The Sydney Millionaires played against the Quebec Bulldogs over two games, sudden death, on March 8 and 10, and 'Cap' McDonald stated that they were very rough games.  Sydney lost both: 14-3 and 6-2.  This was the last time a professional team from the Maritimes challenged for the Stanley Cup.

The following year, and the last playing year for 'Cap' McDonald, he played for the Montreal Wanderers with the legendary Art Ross as his line-mate.

The team won the league title in the 1914 season, but did not challenge the Toronto Blueshirts for the Cup. The MaPHL folded and the Eastern Professional Hockey League was organized for the 1914–15 season. The team was in third and last place when the league folded.

The team name was resurrected in 1922 for a new senior team, which played for two Allan Cup national titles. The name was also used for a junior team, which started up in 1949. The name was used for various other Cape Breton leagues.

1913 challenge

Joe Malone made a try for Frank McGee's record, but fell short at 9 goals. He was not in the lineup for the second game.

Quebec wins series 20–5

Notable players
 Ken Randall - went on to play in the National Hockey Association and National Hockey League

References

Notes

1912 establishments in Nova Scotia
Defunct ice hockey teams in Canada
Ice hockey clubs established in 1912
Ice hockey teams in Nova Scotia


title: Hamdija Lipovača

text:
Hamdija Lipovača (born 20 December 1976) is a Bosnian politician. He served as the Prime Minister of Una-Sana Canton from 1 February 2011 until his forced resignation three years later, following the violent protests and riots in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Lipovača was also the canton's Minister of Police. He previously served as the mayor of Bihać for six years beginning in 2004.

Just as most politicians in Bosnia and Herzegovina, he has been accused by civilians of corruption and was forced to resign during the protests in February 2014. Lipovača was arrested 17 December 2014 on charges of "abuse of office and forgery of documents." On 24 March 2015, Lipovača was sentenced to two months in prison, and served time until 8 April 2015 when he was released by authorities. No reason was given for the early release.

Early life
Lipovača was born in the Bosanska Krajina city Bihać in western Bosnia and Herzegovina, while Bosnia was a part of communist Yugoslavia. His father's name is Nurija, named after his grandfather Nurija Pozderac of the influential Bosniak political Pozderac family.

He enrolled in the University of Sarajevo in 1996, not long after the end of the Bosnian War. Upon graduating in 2000, Lipovača returned to his city of birth and became employed at the University of Bihać School of Law. In 2002 he defended a master's thesis at the University of Connecticut in the United States and after that joined a Bosnia and Herzegovina mission for the United Nations in New York.

Political career
Lipovača became a part of the Social Democratic Party of Bosnia and Herzegovina political party in 1998 and eventually became the party's leader a decade later, and remained so until his removal on 21 February 2012. He was reinstated as the party's president on 3 July 2013.

He held his position as President of the Municipal Committee of Bihać from 2002 until 2008.
In 2002 upon returning to Bihać from the United States, he was voted in as a member of the Assembly of the Una-Sana Canton, a position he held until 2004. Lipovača won the 2004 elections to become the mayor of Bihać. He was re-elected in 2008. He renounced the position two years later, when he was elected as a member of the Parliamentary Assembly of Bosnia and Herzegovina and as the Prime Minister of the Una-Sana Canton. Lipovača was voted in as the Prime Minister of the Una-Sana Canton on 3 October 2010 and took office on 1 February 2011. He served until his forced resignation in 2014.

In June 2013, the Federal Police Administration in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and its Detachment in Bihać, completed a report on the many years of illegal business activities and spending of public funds by Lipovača, against whom the Bihać Cantonal Prosecutor's Office filed a criminal complaint. Lipovača was accused of abuse/misuse of power and authority and forgery of official documents in conjunction with deception.

It is alleged that in 2007, Lipovača, then-mayor of Bihać, signed a contract claiming certain buildings in his city needed additional work done to them in the amount of 1,292,000 KM (about $902,222.40). He drafted and signed an official document in which he entered false data about the execution of additional work with the identical date and number of the protocol, but other monetary amounts with the aim of acquiring money for personal use. Although the contract does not specify which particular "buildings" in the city needed work done, there was a bridge built in the city in this time called Smaragdni most (Emerald Bridge). The cantonal budget was about 1,241,000 km, but the price agreed in late 2007 with the contractor was 1,333,000 km. The price for the construction of the aforementioned bridge was 328,000 km, in addition to making railings and pillars for the bridge. In Bihać, the fact that contractors worked on large projects for Lipovača's private estate was not kept a secret. Lipovača, whose wealth increased dramatically while he served as mayor of Bihać and Prime Minister of the Una-Sana Canton, owns a house in a Bihać, a home in the Croatian village Seline, two apartments on the Adriatic Sea, apartments in Sarajevo and Zagreb, and several cottages throughout Bosnia and Croatia. He is also a landlord.

On 17 July 2013, the Bosnia and Herzegovina Central Election Commission decided to begin proceedings to determine whether or not Lipovača had been employed close relatives to powerful positions in Bosnia's largest power company, Elektroprivreda. During the investigation it was found that his father Nurija was appointed to a high position in the company on 1 August 2011 and stayed in the position until 1 January 2012 as "director of the ordinary mandate of affiliates." This fact, along with others, was one of the reasons that Bosnian citizens felt that he was a corrupt politician.

Radio Sarajevo reported in December 2014 that Lipovača and his wife had multiple properties in Bosnia-Herzegovina and a beach-side home in Croatia, totaling nearly 1,000,000 KM and that both of them had loan debts of 218,000 km.

2014 Bosnian riots and resignation
During the 2014 riots in Bosnia and Herzegovina, over 3,000 disgruntled citizens rallied at the Town Square in the western Bosnian town of Bihać to express dissatisfaction with the government of the Una-Sana Canton, one of Bosnia and Herzegovina's ten post-war cantons, and demanding the resignation of the cantons' Prime Minister and Minister of Police, Hamdija Lipovača.

In front of the local government building protesters from all over the country were greeted by police. Protesters shouted "Thieves!" and "We want resignation!" and asked the police to side with them. Police officers confiscated a number of Molotov cocktails and shops in the city center closed down as a precautionary measure. Hundreds of protesters gathered around Lipovača's home fighting with the police and demanding his resignation. The clash with police injured several people and the crowd later dispersed.

Bosnian and Croatian media reported that on 7 February Lipovača had escaped with his family to Starigrad, Croatia amid widespread riots in his country. On 8 February 2014 he posted "Bihać ♥" on his Facebook account, in a possible effort to make people believe that he was still in Bihać. That same day he was quoted as saying "I am in Bihać! I support the expression of dissatisfaction of citizens, but I condemn the violence, looting, arson and destruction." Lipovača refused to resign at first, saying he did not want to leave his canton "without a leader" and that he did not have anyone to hand the roles of Prime Minister and Minister of Police over to. At one point he stated "A small group of demonstrators will not make me resign."

He claimed to have met and talked to over 250 protesters in front of the Una-Sana Canton government building, passing the "barrier" of police officers, and claimed to have been assaulted by the "criminal" protesters, saying that one of them punched him. The crowds egged and stoned the government building, and destroyed the local hotel Emporium, claiming it was co-owned by Lipovača. He later said that his cousin was the hotels actual owner. Protesters mockingly called the hotel Imperium.

On 9 February, he held a press conference in Bihać, during which he accused Bosnian President Željko Komšić of organizing anti-government riots and said that "Either we (politicians) all submit our resignation or none of us." He also stated that he had not escaped to Croatia as was reported by some media and even by the police. On the same day he held the press conference, people continued protesting, peacefully. They said that Lipovača "...must resign, and that it is not a matter of his choice."

Lipovača officially submitted his resignation paperwork less than an hour after midnight 10 February 2014, after days of refusing to leave post. His resignation was accepted about five hours later by 24 of the 29 members of the Assembly of the Una-Sana Canton, but Lipovača remained in the technical mandate until 10 February 2015.  It was reported by several media sources on 11 February that he and his family had escaped to Croatia following his resignation and amid riots and protests throughout Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Arrest and sentencing
On the orders of the Una-Sana Cantonal Court in Bihać, several locations in Bihać were raided by police on the morning of 17 December 2014 and Lipovača was arrested at his home in the street Midžić Mahala. The arrest was confirmed to media by the Federal Interior Ministry, citing the reason as "abuse of office and forgery of documents." It is accused that, while serving as mayor of Bihać in 2007, Lipovača "exceeded the limits of power" and, contrary to the Law on Public Procurement, annexed his initial contract, as well as the contracts on performing additional work on certain buildings in his town in the amount of 1,292,000 KM.

Lipovača and his business partner Alen Gluhalić, who was also arrested the same day, were released from jail on 16 January 2015, with a future court date set to determine punishment. Lipovača and Gluhalić were suspected of fraud during the 2007 reconstruction of the Bihać sports and recreation center Stens. Lipovača was at the time Mayor of Bihać and Gluhalić was the owner of a construction company Agra. According to investigators, Lipovača signed more annex to the original construction contract, and entered incorrect information on the execution of additional works with the same date, but with another amount of money in order to obtain illegal profit for the contractor – the Bihać-based company Agra, owned by Alen Gluhalić. According to the original contract, the construction should have cost 810,000 km, but after the aforementioned annex project, the value increased to 1.7 million KM.

After two months of freedom, Lipovača was sentenced to two months in prison by the Una-Sana Cantonal Court in Bihać on 24 March 2015. He was returned to prison to serve his sentence, but was released again on 8 April 2015, with authorities giving no reason for the early release.

Personal life
Lipovača is cousin to Serbian politician Vuk Jeremić. They both descended from the Pozderac family, considered the most influential Bosniak political family during communist Yugoslavia. Lipovača and Jeremić share the same great-grandparents, Nurija Pozderac and his wife Devleta, who are both known for sheltering Jews during World War II. In effect, Lipovača is also related to Yugoslav politicians Hakija and Hamdija Pozderac who occupied some of the most powerful political posts for years in the Socialist Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina).

In November 2012, Lipovača's great-grandfather and great-grandmother Nurija and Devleta Pozderac were posthumously awarded the honorific of Righteous among the Nations by the Jewish victims memorial Yad Vashem for their acts of saving Jews during World War II in Cazin on the territory of the Ustaše-run Nazi-puppet Independent State of Croatia. The Jews Nurija and Develta sheltered, escaped during transport to Jasenovac concentration camp.

Lipovača is married to Jasmina (née Brkić). They have three daughters.

References

1976 births
Living people
Politicians from Bihać
Bosniaks of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina Muslims
Social Democratic Party of Bosnia and Herzegovina politicians
Bosniak politicians
University of Bihać alumni
Pozderac family


title: Resplendent Mountain

text:
Resplendent Mountain, or Mount Resplendent is a peak in the Canadian Rockies, located at the northern end of Mount Robson Provincial Park in British Columbia, Canada.  It is a part of the Rainbow Range, and is a sister peak to the more famous Mount Robson, its nearest neighbour. Together they form a classic panorama seen by travellers from the VIA railway and Highway 16. The mountain was named by Arthur P. Coleman, and Arthur O. Wheeler wrote, "On the east side it is clad from top to bottom in pure white snow, and presents with the sun shining upon it a spectacle of such wonderful brilliance that the aptness of the name became immediately apparent." The first ascent was achieved on the same historic 1911 trip in which Conrad Kain first scouted the climbing routes later to be used on the first ascent of Mount Robson.

The east face of Resplendent towers above the sources of Resplendent Creek, feeding into the Moose River, and its north face emerges from the Robson Glacier, feeding the Robson River, another tributary of the upper headwaters of the Fraser River.   Resplendent holds an important place in the history of Canadian Rockies ski mountaineering, and from the time of Peter L. Parson's first ski ascent (solo) in 1930, it has been a highly sought objective for winter ascents, with a ski descent of over 1800m from the summit to the toe of the Robson Glacier.

References

External links
 Image of summit, Byron Harmon, c.1913, University of Alberta Library
 Conrad Kain website: http://www.conradkain.com/about

Canadian Rockies
Three-thousanders of British Columbia
Regional District of Fraser-Fort George
Cariboo Land District


title: Dominik Windisch

text:
Dominik Windisch (born 6 November 1989) is an Italian biathlete.

Career
He competed in the Sochi 2014 Winter Olympics for Italy, where he finished 11th in the Sprint and won a bronze in the Mixed relay (together with Karin Oberhofer, Dorothea Wierer and Lukas Hofer).

At the Pyeongchang 2018 Winter Olympics he took the bronze medal in the sprint and as well the mixed relay.

His brother Markus Windisch is a former biathlete.

Biathlon results
All results are sourced from the International Biathlon Union.

Olympic Games
3 medals (3 bronze medals)

*The mixed relay was added as an event in 2014.

World Championships
3 medals (1 gold, 1 silver, 1 bronze)

*During Olympic seasons competitions are only held for those events not included in the Olympic program.
**The single mixed relay was added as an event in 2019.

References

External links

1989 births
Living people
Italian male biathletes
Olympic biathletes for Italy
Olympic bronze medalists for Italy
Olympic medalists in biathlon
Biathletes at the 2014 Winter Olympics
Biathletes at the 2018 Winter Olympics
Biathletes at the 2022 Winter Olympics
Medalists at the 2014 Winter Olympics
Medalists at the 2018 Winter Olympics
Biathlon World Championships medalists
Cross-country skiers of Gruppo Sportivo Esercito
Sportspeople from Bruneck
Germanophone Italian people


title: Jean Puketapu

text:
Jean Gloria Edith Puketapu or Jean Puketapu-Waiwai  (26 July 1931 – 31 July 2012) was a Ngāi Tūhoe Māori language native speaker and co-founder of the first kōhanga reo.

Puketapu was one of thirteen children of Haami and Te Ngaroahiahi Waiwai, shearers in the Ureweras near Lake Waikaremoana. She was beaten at Kokako Native School at Tuai for speaking Māori language and at home for speaking English, but obtained a scholarship to Hukarere College in Napier. At the age of 18, she moved to Lower Hutt with her sister and her husband, who was the son of  Rua Tapunui Kenana, the Maori prophet, faith healer and land rights activist.

She and her sisters became active in the Te Aroha Hutt Valley Association, particularly in the  double long poi. Her mother, Te Ngaroahiahi, was one of the  Tuhoe kuia who worked on tokutoku panels for Arohanui ki te Tangata, whose construction was spearheaded by Ihaia (Paddy) Puketapu. Jean married Ihakara Puketapu, Paddy's son, in 1956 and they moved to Wainuiomata.

While Ikakara was studying at the University of Chicago, Puketapu spent time in a project teaching women to read and write in a 'Negro ghetto'. When he returned from a posting to the  New Zealand High Commission in London, Jean started work at Wainuiomata College teaching Maori, and helped to found the first kōhanga reo in 1981.

In 1989 a Winston Churchill Memorial Fellowship allowed her to travel to Arizona and New Mexico, studying curriculum methods and systems used in teaching the Spanish and Pueblo Indian languages.

In the 1991 Queen's Birthday Honours, Puketapu was appointed a Companion of the Queen's Service Order for community service. In 1993, she was awarded the New Zealand Suffrage Centennial Medal. In 1995 she became a Justice of the Peace, and in 2004 she received her Diploma in Early Childhood Education.

Two of her brothers, John  and Bill, served in the 28th Māori Battalion during World War II.

Obits
 stuff.co.nz Obit
 Maori party Obit press release
 Labour Party Obit
 http://merrilynhope.com/ Obit

References

2012 deaths
Māori language revivalists
Ngāi Tūhoe people
1931 births
People from the Gisborne District
Companions of the Queen's Service Order
People educated at Hukarere Girls' College
Recipients of the New Zealand Suffrage Centennial Medal 1993


title: Jalandhar Cantonment railway station

text:
Jalandhar Cantonment railway station (station code: JRC) is located in Jalandhar district in the Indian state of  Punjab and serves Jalandhar.

The railway station
Jalandhar Cantonment railway station is at an elevation of  and was assigned the code – JRC.

History
The Scinde, Punjab & Delhi Railway completed  the  long Amritsar–Jalandhar–Ambala–Saharanpur–Ghaziabad line in 1870 connecting Multan (now in Pakistan) with Delhi.

The line from Jalandhar City to Mukerian was constructed in 1915. The Mukerian–Pathankot line was built in 1952. The construction of the Pathankot–Jammu Tawi line was initiated in 1965, after the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965, and opened in 1971.

Hoshiarpur was linked by rail with Jullundur Cantonment in 1913.

Electrification
The Phagwara–Jalandhar City–Amritsar sector was electrified in 2003–04.

DMU shed
India's first and largest DMU shed at Jalandhar holds 90 units placed in service in rural Punjab. It also houses two BEML-built rail buses which operate on the Beas–Goindwal Sahib line.

References

External links
Trains at Jalandhar Cantonment

Railway stations in India opened in 1870
Railway stations in Jalandhar district
Firozpur railway division
Transport in Jalandhar
Buildings and structures in Jalandhar


title: Second VA-45 (U.S. Navy)

text:
Second VA-45, nicknamed the Blackbirds, was an Attack Squadron of the U.S. Navy. The squadron was established on 1 September 1950. On 13 June 1953, the squadron flew its first combat operation while deployed to Korea aboard . It was disestablished on 1 March 1958. It was the second squadron to be designated VA-45, the first VA-45 was disestablished on 8 June 1950.

Home port assignments
The squadron was assigned to these home ports, effective on the dates shown:
 NAS Jacksonville – 01 Sep 1950
 NAAS Cecil Field – 18 Sep 1950
 NAS Jacksonville – 12 Oct 1952

Aircraft assignment
The squadron first received the following aircraft in the months shown:
 AD-2 Skyraider – Sep 1950
 AD-4 Skyraider – Feb 1952
 AD-6 Skyraider – Jun 1954

See also
 Attack aircraft
 History of the United States Navy
 List of inactive United States Navy aircraft squadrons

References

Attack squadrons of the United States Navy
Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the Dictionary of American Naval Aviation Squadrons


title: Pop Ambient 2014

text:
Pop Ambient 2014 is the 14th compilation album for ambient music. It was released in February 2014 under Kompakt Records.

Track list

References

2014 compilation albums
Kompakt compilation albums


title: Fjærlandsfjorden

text:
Fjærlandsfjorden is a fjord in Vestland county, Norway. It is a fjord arm that branches off the main Sognefjorden to the north, running through Sogndal Municipality. The  long fjord begins at the village of Fjærland in Sogndal, flowing to the south until it joins the Sognefjorden near the village of Balestrand. The Esefjorden and Vetlefjorden are two small fjord arms that branch off the Fjærdlandsfjorden. The fjord is about  wide, with steep mountains on both sides of the fjord. The head of the fjord is the only habitable area around the fjord. It is a flat river valley extending north of the fjord. The inner part of the fjord where the village of Fjærland is located is only accessible by boat or via long road tunnels through the surrounding mountains. The western end of the Frudal Tunnel sits very near the shore of the fjord.

Gallery

See also
 List of Norwegian fjords

References

Fjords of Vestland
Sogndal


title: Preciosilla

text:
Manuela Tejedor Clemente (stage name, Preciosilla; 7 June
1893 in Calatayud – 12 November 1952 in Madrid) was a Spanish cupletista.

References

External links
La Preciosilla at Gran Enciclopedia Aragonesa
La Preciosilla at ABC

1893 births
1952 deaths
People from Calatayud
Cupletistas
20th-century Spanish musicians
20th-century Spanish women singers
20th-century Spanish singers


title: Rugby Thompson

text:
Rugby Thompson is the second studio album by American rapper Smoke DZA. The album was released on June 19, 2012, by High Times Records and Cinematic Music Group. The album is entirely produced by Harry Fraud. The album features guest appearances from Currensy, Domo Genesis, Schoolboy Q, Sean Price, A$AP Twelvyy, Action Bronson, Thirstin Howl III, NymLo and Meyhem Lauren.

Background
In July 2012, in an interview with HipHopDX, Smoke DZA spoke about the album, saying: "I think [Rugby Thompson is] a masterpiece. I think it’s the best project I’ve ever put out—lyrically, production-wise, creativity…really it’s just a great piece of work being a Hip Hop lover. Fuck it. You don’t have to smoke weed to enjoy this shit. For me, that’s been the stigma for a lot. People just immediately throw me in the Afroman realm like I’m just this weed guy. In reality, I’m from 119th street and I can really rap. I really do this shit." Producer Harry Fraud also spoke about how long it took to complete the album, saying: "We really only started working on it at New Year’s. And it came out in June. So there hasn’t really been that much time because we worked on it so quick. That’s important, because I kind of feel like we captured that moment for ourselves. And there’s nothing to really look back on and say, “Oh we could’ve done this different,” because it was really all organic and right in the moment. The beats and rhymes were written right there, so it was whatever was coming to us at the time."

Critical reception

Rugby Thompson was met with generally positive reviews from music critics. At Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from critics, the album received an average score of 79, which indicates "generally favorable reviews", based on 6 reviews. The Company Man of HipHopDX gave the album three and a half stars out of five, saying "Rugby Thompson is a great listen, largely. "Rivermonts" and "Game 7" feel like filler next to the rest, and "Lo Horsemen" is a bit cumbersome for such a clean collaboration. Those aside, Smoke DZA and Harry Fraud deliver a solid collection of songs that grow more interesting on repeated listen, basking in an evolved sound equally representing vintage and avant-garde New York Hip Hop. Welcome to the new era." Neil Martinez-Belkin of XXL gave the album an XL, saying "DZA and Fraud recorded almost the entirety of Rugby Thompson together at Fraud’s Brooklyn studio. The rapper/producer tandem has become somewhat of a lost art in an era where entire albums are created via email exchange between rappers and an internet full of hungry beatmakers. But the chemistry between these two is palpable. It reminds of when DZA’s Jet Life compadre, Curren$y, fully came out of his shell with his Pilot Talk series alongside Ski Beatz. The same might be said about DZA and Rugby Thompson, an album that not only strips him of an unfair “weed rapper” label, but is also probably the best rap album to come out of New York this year." Steve Juon of RapReviews gave the album a 6.5 out of 10, saying "The only impressions I get of Smoke DZA on Rugby Thompson are that he wants to smoke weed, fuck around, and make tracks with his friends - which when it comes to free mixtapes was perfectly fine. Now that he's charging for it though he should come with a little bit more, especially if he's promising a thematic cinematic album that ultimately doesn't turn out to be either."

Peter Marrack of Exclaim! gave the album a positive review, saying "And so, if you want to learn more about a Harlem kid who grew up selling weed and who now dons $1,500 boots he purchased from the Ralph Lauren Mansion in Atlanta, then Rugby Thompson comes highly recommended. It is a skilfully wrought glimpse into that dream." Max August of DJBooth gave the album three and a half stars out of five, saying "Nothing on the album is groundbreaking and it won’t go on to sell millions of copies, but that doesn’t mean that it isn’t a worthy piece of musical art. Smoke DZA deserves his place amongst real down-to-earth rappers, he has paid his dues and his hard work and reputation justifies a purchase. So lend an ear and slip into the smoky world of Rugby Thompson."

Track listing
All songs produced by Harry Fraud.

Charts

References

2012 albums
Albums produced by Harry Fraud
Smoke DZA albums