title: Convent of Beato António

text:
The Convent of Beato António () is a former Portuguese convent, located in the civil parish of Beato, in the municipality of Lisbon.

History
A hermitage was constructed on the site in the 15th century, dedicated to São Bento, by order of D. Estêvão de Aguiar, then abbey of Alcobaça.

It was offered to Queen Elizabeth as a wedding gift, destined to the founding of the Congregação de Cónegos de São Salvador (Congregation of the Deacons of São Salvador) of Vilar de Frades. Following the death of the Queen in 1461, King D. Afonso V executed the construction of the convent (honouring her last testament), installing in the place a community of clergy dedicated to Cónegos Regrantes de São João Evangelista (Secular Canons of St. John the Evangelist) from Loio. The Queen had wanted to erect a hospice to shelter the Bons Homens de Vilar, of the Congregation of Lóios from the locale of Xabregas, where there existed a small hermitage dedicated to São Bento, erected by the friars of Alcobaça during the reign of King John I. On 9 March, a papal bull from Pope Pious II authorized the creation of the convent, which was eventually supported financially by Queen Leonor.  The convent was recognized, until the end of the 16th century, as the Convent of São Bento de Enxobregas.

Between 1570 and 1602 (the Philippine dynasty), it was inhabited by Father António da Conceição, who was responsible for collecting the necessary financial stipends for the construction of the new church and improve the building. Following legend, the friar was able to construct a sumptuous convent with few monetary resources, which expanded his fame. Later beatified in the 18th century, he was linked to the local toponymy (the site of Beato António or Convent of Beato), giving rise to the name Convento do Beato António (Convent of Blessed António).

In 1633, construction of convent's new chapel was completed.

At the beginning of the 16th century, D. Joana de Noronha, daughter of the second Counts of Linhares ordered the construction of a presbytery for the convent, that was destined as space to house the pantheon of the Linhares countship. This project was terminated in 1622. Through the donations of D. Joana de Noronha she was able to transfer the ossuary of her brother, who had perished in Ceuta on 29 April 1553.

By the mid 17th century, the convent was receiving 2000 cruzados of land rents, supporting a congregation of 37 clerics and 26 servants. Public work on the convent persisted in 1697, resulting in the construction of the cloister and staircase.

Following the 1755 Lisbon earthquake, the building registered some damage, but many of the clergy abandoned the convent, resulting in the many of its treasurers being transferred to other religious buildings, including tombs. The spaces were occupied by a Royal Military Hospital. But, by the end of the century, what little remained in the convent, of an artistic value, was destroyed following a fire that gutted the building.

In 1834, the church was sacked, with many of the religious reliquary removed from the temple, consequently resulting in the transfer of the parish seat from the church to the old Convent of Grilos.

Having withstood the 1755 earthquake, it was destroyed by fire at the end of the 18th century. The kitchen, dining room and the novitiate were the only sections that survived the destruction.

With the extinction of the religious orders in 1834, the church was looted, resulting in the loss of many of carved ornaments, paintings and liturgical vessels. Around this time a fire consumed the old church and part of the convent complex. It was then purchased by industrialist João de Brito, who established a steam-powered milling factory to produce bread and cookies, in addition to a carpentry shop. By 1845, the rest of the convent was occupied by a tobacco factory, and much later, the Companhia Industrial de Portugal e Colónias (Industrial Company of Portugal and the Colonies). By the beginning of the 20th century the church spaces were transformed into silos for cereals.

A project to recuperate the old convent began in 1948, under the direction of Porfírio Pardal Monteiro, that persisted until 1952.

General repairs were performed in 1983, and later in 1990, in context of the Expo 98 Caminhos do Oriente exposition, that included the restoration of the cloister. In November 1998, a risk assessment study was carried out by the DGEMN. A year later it was acquired by the Cerealis group.

On 28 July 2004, a fire destroyed the covering over the staircase and part of the old conventual dependencies.

The new temple of Mannerist and Baroque architecture, was classified as a property of public interest.

On the evening of 28 July 2004 a fire damaged the building, destroying about 70% of the building, including covered staircase and old conventual dependencies. Restoration of the building was completed in May 2005. Since the late twentieth century building has been used for cultural events and social causes. The German band Scorpions had three concerts, based on their 2001 live album (Acoustica) in Convento do Beato.

Architecture
The building comprises a rectangular plan that includes the old church and the primitive conventual dependencies, forming a "U" around the cloister. It includes differentiated wings, covered in tiled roofs.

To the south is the old church, which is preceded by a long courtyard. The three-register, square church facade is marked by a ground floor rounded portico, surmounted by oculus and flanked by rectangular windows. A frieze creates a transition to the second floor, that has five rectangular, symmetrical windows. The final floor, is preceded by cornice, but only includes a central oculus. The interior consists of a single nave, subdivided in height by a 19th-century iron structure, with ten lateral chapels, inscribed transept and deep chancel.

The early monastic complex is marked by its two-floor high cloister and full marble stonework, covered by a metallic structure. In each wing there are seven round arches topped by rectangular bay windows. The refectory includes a rectangular space, covered by a vault in depressed arch. In the lateral wall are six windows, where there are visible traces of the original late 16th century albarradas-type tile. The staircase leading to the upper floor, flows from an accessible areas by three vaulted arches in two straight sections, that come together at an intermediate level. It is flanked by semi-recessed rails on the walls. In the upper atrium are four doors with protruding pads and marble framing.

References

Notes

Sources

Convents in Portugal
Religious buildings and structures in Lisbon
Religious buildings and structures completed in 1633
Convent Beato Antonio
Beato (Lisbon)
1633 establishments in Portugal
Christianity in Lisbon


title: Ilya Lyubushkin

text:
Ilya Nikolaevich Lyubushkin (; born 6 April 1994) is a Russian professional ice hockey defenceman currently playing for the Anaheim Ducks of the National Hockey League (NHL).

Playing career
Lyubushkin made his Kontinental Hockey League (KHL) debut playing with Lokomotiv Yaroslavl during the 2012–13 KHL season.

He played his first five professional seasons with Lokomotiv Yaroslavl before opting as a free agent following the 2017–18 season, to sign a one-year, two-way contract with the Arizona Coyotes of the National Hockey League (NHL) on 23 May 2018.

In his debut season in North America in the 2018–19 season, Lyubushkin remained on the Coyotes roster for the duration of the year, adding a defensive physical presence. He registered 4 assists in 41 games while finishing fourth on the team and third among all NHL rookies with 150 hits. On 14 June 2019, Lyubushkin was re-signed to a one-year contract to continue with the Arizona Coyotes.

As a restricted free agent, Lyubushkin returned for a third season with the Coyotes by agreeing to a one-year, $1 million contract extension on 5 October 2020. He was later returned on loan by the Coyotes to join former club, Lokomotiv Yaroslavl, until the commencement of NHL training camp on 28 October 2020.

On 19 February 2022, Lyubushkin was traded, along with teammate Ryan Dzingel, to the Toronto Maple Leafs in exchange for Nick Ritchie, and a choice of a third round pick in 2023 or a second round pick in 2025. He scored his first goal for the Maple Leafs on April 14, 2022, against the Washington Capitals.

On 13 July 2022, Lyubushkin was signed as a free agent to a two-year, $5.5 million contract with the Buffalo Sabres.

After one season in Buffalo, Lyubushkin was traded to the Anaheim Ducks on 18 August 2023.

Career statistics

Regular season and playoffs

International

References

External links

1994 births
Living people
Anaheim Ducks players
Arizona Coyotes players
Buffalo Sabres players
Kuznetskie Medvedi players
Lokomotiv Yaroslavl players
Russian ice hockey defencemen
Toronto Maple Leafs players
Tucson Roadrunners players
Undrafted National Hockey League players
Russian expatriate ice hockey people
Russian expatriate sportspeople in the United States
Russian expatriate sportspeople in Canada
Expatriate ice hockey players in the United States
Expatriate ice hockey players in Canada


title: Lollu Sabha Jeeva

text:
Jeeva, popularly known as Lollu Sabha Jeeva, is an Indian actor and comedian. He started his career with Television show Lollu Sabha alongside another comedian Santhanam.

Filmography

Films

Television

References

External links

Living people
Tamil male actors
Tamil comedians
Tamil male television actors
Television personalities from Tamil Nadu
Male actors from Tamil Nadu
Male actors in Tamil cinema
21st-century Tamil male actors
Tamil Reality dancing competition contestants
Indian male comedians
1985 births


title: Ericameria lignumviridis

text:
Ericameria lignumviridis, common name Greenwood's goldenbush or heath-goldenrod, is a plant species endemic to Sevier County, Utah. It grows in riparian areas alongside Urtica dioica, Salix laevigata and other riverbank plants.

Ericameria lignumviridis is a shrub up to 30 cm (12 inches) tall, with branching stems. Leaves are oblanceolate, up to 30 mm (1.2 inches) long. Flower heads are arranged in cymous fashion. Ray flowers and disc flowers are both yellow.

References

lignumviridis
Flora of Utah
Endemic flora of the United States
Sevier County, Utah
Flora without expected TNC conservation status


title: Bretonstone

text:
Bretonstone, also known as vibro-compression under vacuum, is a patented technology invented in the early-1970s by Breton S.p.A.
Nowadays most manufacturers of engineered stone use Bretonstone.

History

In the early-1970s Marcello Toncelli, founder of Breton, started developing the Bretonstone system, which allows to produce a solid surface similar to granite, using small stone aggregates and stone-like materials. The composite material is manufactured in slabs, which can be worked as natural stone, instead of blocks that should have been cut.

Basically the vibro-compression vacuum technology, used by Bretonstone system, consists of blending the natural aggregate of stone with a polymer mix (usually unsaturated polyester resin), taking away air with a vacuum, and catalyzing the molded product whilst vibrating and applying pressure to this mix. Then the mixture is heated, and the output is a slab of non-porous and quite stable engineered stone.

The following improvements led the agglomerated stone to obtain the same hardness as granite, when siliceous stone or quartz were added in the mix.

The agglomerate produced with the Bretonstone system looks like natural stone and varies in look according to the types of stone aggregates and stone-like materials used in the process. Some types of agglomerate are:

 granite-looking
 one-color
 veined marble
 exotic granite
 with colored glass inserts
 with crystal fragments
 with mirrors pieces
 with semi-precious stones
 with brass filings.

References

External links

 Official Website

Industrial processes


title: Yelanka

text:
Yelanka () is a rural locality (a selo), one of two settlements, in addition to Ulakhan-An, in Malzhagarsky 2-y Rural Okrug of Khangalassky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia. It is located  from Pokrovsk, the administrative center of the district and  from Ulakhan-An. Its population as of the 2002 Census was 15.

References

Notes

Sources
Official website of the Sakha Republic. Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Divisions of the Sakha Republic. Khangalassky District.

Rural localities in Khangalassky District


title: Sophia Elizabeth Cook Amos Zimmerman

text:
Sophia Elizabeth Cooks Amos Zimmerman (June 23, 1856 – November 23, 1930) was an American missionary.

Early life
She was born in Syracuse, Onondaga County, New York, on June 23, 1856, to real estate magnate Christian Cook and Katherine Hey Cook. She was the eldest of five, with two younger sisters, Emma Margaret Cook and Anna Louise Cook; and two younger brothers, Charles C. Cook and George C. Cook. She married the son of her brother's business partner, Charles L. Amos, with whom she had three sons Jacob Amos (1878 - 1880, Charles Louis Amos (1880 - 1955) and John Jacob Amos (1882 - 1890). She was widowed on June 27, 1887. She married Rev. Jeremiah Zimmerman on January 21, 1890.

Career
She was the President of the Woman's Missionary Society of the First English Lutheran Church. She was a generous patron of religious and educational institutions, having given large sums to the Guntur Mission, India, the Deaconess Home in Baltimore, Maryland, the Pastor's Fund of the United Lutheran Church and also the Gettysburg Theological Seminary. She died on November 23, 1930. The terms of her will provided for the establishment of a $50,000 trust fund for the Gettysburg College Library, named the Dr. and Mrs. Jeremiah Zimmerman Fund, in 1931.

She is buried in the Oakwood Cemetery in Syracuse.

Notes

References

1856 births
1930 deaths
Burials at Oakwood Cemetery (Syracuse, New York)
People from Syracuse, New York


title: Hildegund C. J. Ertl

text:
Hildegund C. J. Ertl is a researcher who works at The Wistar Institute in Philadelphia.

Career
Ertl's research into vaccine has taken a different approach from conventional wisdom, combining parts of different viruses that pose no harm to humans but still stimulate an immune response.

In 2007, Ertl helped create The Wistar Institute Vaccine Center. Ertl said that the vaccines the laboratories in the center are developing "have important implications for public health because they can reduce disease and death from very common infections. Additionally, she said that she wants to make existing vaccines more accessible in developing areas such as Africa and Asia.

In interviews, Ertl has been cautious and critical when it comes to the development of vaccines for AIDS. Her research has shown that the vaccine may exhaust key cells of the immune system that are needed to fight the virus.

References

External links
Dr. Ertl's page on The Wistar Institute's website

Living people
Cancer researchers
Year of birth missing (living people)


title: Mastertapes

text:
Mastertapes is a BBC Radio 4 programme, presented by John Wilson, which discusses the making of significant rock albums. The featured artists are interviewed, in front of an audience, and perform exclusive live tracks, many of which are available on the programme's website. Each album is discussed over two half-hour programmes: the "A side" programme features the artist being interviewed by Wilson, with the "B side" programme featuring questions from the studio audience.

Episodes

Each episode has two parts ("Side A" and "Side B"). The "First broadcast" date refers to "Side A".

Series 1

Series 2

Series 3

Series 4

Series 5

Series 6

References

External links

 BBC web page

Mastertapes


title: Pavel Koledov

text:
Pavel Vyacheslavovich Koledov (Коледов Павел Вячеславович ; born September 20, 1994) is a Russian professional ice hockey defenceman. He is currently playing with Salavat Yulaev Ufa of the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL).

Koledov made his Kontinental Hockey League (KHL) debut playing with Lokomotiv Yaroslavl during the 2012–13 KHL season.

References

External links

1994 births
Living people
HC Sibir Novosibirsk players
HC Sochi players
Lokomotiv Yaroslavl players
Russian ice hockey defencemen
Salavat Yulaev Ufa players
Sibirskie Snaipery players
Sportspeople from Novosibirsk


title: 1988 Caribbean Series

text:
The thirstiest edition of the Caribbean Series (Serie del Caribe) was held from February 3 through February 8 of  with the champion baseball teams of the Dominican Republic, Leones del Escogido; Mexico, Potros de Tijuana; Puerto Rico, Indios de Mayagüez, and Venezuela, Leones del Caracas. The format consisted of 12 games, each team facing the other teams twice, and the games were played at Estadio Quisqueya in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic.

Summary

Final standings

Individual leaders

All-Star team

See also
Ballplayers who have played in the Series

Sources
Nuñez, José Antero (1994). Serie del Caribe de la Habana a Puerto La Cruz. JAN Editor.

External links
Estadísticas Serie del Caribe 1988 (Spanish)

Caribbean Series
1988
International baseball competitions hosted by the Dominican Republic
Sport in Santo Domingo
1988 in Dominican Republic sport
Caribbean Series
20th century in Santo Domingo


title: Cuevas, Mississippi

text:
Cuevas is an unincorporated community in Harrison County, Mississippi. Cuevas is  northeast of Pass Christian and  west-northwest of Long Beach

Cuevas is part of the Gulfport-Biloxi metropolitan area.

Settlement

Bertrand Labardens came to the area from France in 1851 and homesteaded 165 acres. He opened a post office and grocery store on the corner of Menge Ave. and Red Creek Rd. In 1893, his son-in-law U. A. Cuevas took over the store. When Cuevas applied to the government to become an official post office, he could not use the name Pineville because there was another town by that name in northern Mississippi, so he chose the name Cuevas, which is why that name is sometimes interchangeable with Pineville.

References

Unincorporated communities in Harrison County, Mississippi
Unincorporated communities in Mississippi
Gulfport–Biloxi metropolitan area


title: Imre Szakács

text:
Dr. Imre Szakács (born July 5, 1957) is a Hungarian jurist and politician, member of the National Assembly (MP) for Győr (Győr-Moson-Sopron County Constituency II) from 1998 to 2014. He served as Parliamentary Secretary of State for Youth and Sport between January 1, 1999, and May 27, 2002.

Biography
He finished Szabó József Secondary Technical School of Geology in Budapest in 1975. From 1975, he worked as a material procurement intern. He joined Belvárosi Vendéglátó-ipari Vállalat, a catering company in Budapest in 1980. He was also an active handball player in several sports clubs. He studied law at the Faculty of Law of Eötvös Loránd University in Budapest from 1981 until 1987. He was active in several of his shared businesses from 1983. He became chairman of Közvillszer Cooperative in 1986 and manager of Foton Ltd. in 1987. From 1991 to 1994 he worked as a registrar in the Mayor's Office in Győrzámoly. He has taught as a non-staff lecturer at Széchenyi István College for Advanced Studies since 1997 and has been a member of the Hungarian Law Association since 1996.

Szakács joined the Győr branch of Fidesz in June 1994, which he headed until 2003. Elected to serve on the party's Győr-Moson-Sopron County Board in 1995, he became deputy chairman of the board and later was elected president of the party's county branch in May 2001. A member of the committee on mandates, standing orders and incompatibility in the party's national board from 1998, he became alternate member of the committee after the general party elections in summer 2003. He ran as a candidate in the parliamentary election in spring 1994. He was elected to the General Assembly of Győr-Moson-Sopron County from the Fidesz party list in the 1994 local elections. From 1995 to 1998 he was deputy chairman of the county assembly.

In May 1998, he also secured a seat in Parliament, representing Győr. A mayoral candidate, he was re-elected on the county's assembly in the October 1998 local elections. He was Parliamentary Secretary of State for Youth and Sport from January 1, 1999, until May 27, 2002. As an individual candidate, he was elected incumbent MP in the 2002 parliamentary election. He is a member of the Committee on Constitution and Judicial Affairs. After the 2002 local elections, he was elected President of the General Assembly of Győr-Moson-Sopron County on 11 November 2002, replacing Ferenc Ivanics. He served in this capacity until 2014. He became an alternate member of the delegation of the Hungarian government to the Committee of Regions of the European Union in early April 2003. In the general elections held in 2006 and 2010, he was elected MP for Győr. He was elected member of the Constitutional, Judicial and Standing Orders Committee on May 30, 2006. In November 2014, Szakács was appointed Deputy Consul General at Consulate General of Hungary in New York City.

References

1957 births
Living people
Hungarian jurists
Fidesz politicians
Members of the National Assembly of Hungary (1998–2002)
Members of the National Assembly of Hungary (2002–2006)
Members of the National Assembly of Hungary (2006–2010)
Members of the National Assembly of Hungary (2010–2014)
Politicians from Budapest


title: Howison, Mississippi

text:
Howison is an unincorporated community located in Harrison County, Mississippi. Howison is approximately  north of Saucier and  south of McHenry and part of the Gulfport-Biloxi metropolitan area.

Howison is located on the Kansas City Southern Railway. The Native Lumber Company was incorporated in Howison in 1899 and operated a sawmill there.

A post office operated under the name Howison from 1897 to 1953.

Howison was also once home to an express mail office.

References

Unincorporated communities in Harrison County, Mississippi
Unincorporated communities in Mississippi
Gulfport–Biloxi metropolitan area


title: Bella Dorita

text:
María Yáñez García (stage name, Bella Dorita; Cuevas de Almanzora, Province of Almería, February 23, 1901 – Barcelona, June 27, 2001), was a Spanish cabaret singer, dancer, and vedette.

In 1913, she emigrated to Barcelona with her family (mother, grandfather, uncle and six siblings) due to the economic hardship caused by the closure of the lead and silver mines in her locale. In Barcelona, she worked in a toy factory and embroidery shop. At the age of sixteen, she eloped with her first husband. After a working as a hostess, she appeared in 1917 at a beauty pageant which started her on a career in show business, debuting in 1923. As a cupletista, she appeared in halls and theaters, such as Pompeya, Rigat, Novelty, Bataclán, Cómico, Español, Arnau, Victoria, Nuevo, and Apolo where she began to establish his career. In those years, she took singing lessons and voice as well as learning how to perform on the Catalan stage.

At the El Molino, she took on her stage name of Bella Dorita and become a star. It would make famous songs such as La pulga, El tren, La vaselina, Poco a poco and Fumando espero. During  the 1940s and 1950s, Bella Dorita enjoyed the greatest success, being considered the most important star of the Avinguda del Paral·lel and compared often with Mae West for her brilliant dialogue, direct but not vulgar. In addition to regularly performing in Spanish venues in Madrid, Valencia, Bilbao, and Zaragoza, she also traveled to Paris and visited Montmartre, but always preferred performing at Paral·lel.

She retired during the 1960s at the Teatro Victoria with the show Historias del Paralelo. She spent the last years of her life in the Nursing Home Pilar de Barcelona. In 1991, coinciding with her 90th birthday, she received the Medal for Artistic Merit of the City of Barcelona, and on the occasion of her 100th birthday in 2001, she received a tribute in the Barcelona neighborhood of Gava. She died four months later.

References

1901 births
2001 deaths
People from Almería
Spanish female dancers
Spanish vedettes
Cupletistas
Singers from Catalonia
20th-century Spanish singers
20th-century Spanish women singers


title: Grindelia integrifolia

text:
Grindelia integrifolia, common name Puget Sound gumweed, is a plant species known only from Oregon, Washington and British Columbia. It grows in wet meadows and marshlands.

Description
Grindelia integrifolia is a perennial herb up to  tall. It has narrow, lanceolate leaves up to  long and yellow flower heads arranged like a corymb.

References

Flora of Washington (state)
Flora of Oregon
Flora of British Columbia
Flora without expected TNC conservation status


title: Yedey, Khangalassky District, Sakha Republic

text:
Yedey (; , Üödey) is a rural locality (a selo), the only inhabited locality, and the administrative center of Malzhagarsky 4-y Rural Okrug of Khangalassky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia, located  from Pokrovsk, the administrative center of the district. Its population as of the 2010 Census was 386, of whom 197 were male and 189 female, up from 364 recorded during the 2002 Census.

References

Notes

Sources
Official website of the Sakha Republic. Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Divisions of the Sakha Republic. Khangalassky District.

Rural localities in Khangalassky District


title: Mount Kaba (Ibaraki)

text:
{{nihongo|Mount Kaba|加波山|Kaba-san}} is a [] mountain located within the borders of Suigo-Tsukuba Quasi-National Park, Japan.

Location
Mount Kaba is located in the southern part of Ibaraki Prefecture, bordering the cities of Sakuragawa and Ishioka, and north of Mount Tsukuba. The mountain is located in the northwestern part of Suigo-Tsukuba Quasi-National Park and of it.

The mountain is part of the Tsukuba range (筑波山地), which includes Maruyama (丸山) of Sakuragawa, Ontakesan (御嶽山), Amabikiyama (雨引山), Enzan (燕山), Kabasan (加波山), Maruyama (丸山) of Sakuragawa and Ishioka, Ashiozan (足尾山), Kinokayama (きのこ山), Bentensan (弁天山) Tsukubasan (筑波山), Hōkyōsan (宝篋山), among others.

Satellite view:

Attractions
The mountain is granite. There are stone quarries, in the center of the western part of Kabasan, Sakuragawa city (old town, Makabe). It is nationally known as a center of stone carvings.

At the summit of the mountain, there is the Haiden of Kaba Shrine; a Shinto shrine.

References

 For Mountain Bikers and spiritual climbers, Kaba-san – Ibaraki.

Kaba


title: Kathirunda Kadhal

text:
Kathirunda Kadhal is a 1997 Indian Tamil-language film directed by Vijayeswaran and produced by Ganga Gowri Productions. The film featured Arun Kumar alongside Suvalakshmi, while Dimple plays a supporting role. The film, which had music composed by Sirpy, opened in January 1997.

Cast
Arun Kumar as Mayilsamy
Suvalakshmi
Dimple
Nizhalgal Ravi
Jaishankar
Charle
Malaysia Vasudevan
Vizhuthugal Latha

Soundtrack
The music was composed by Sirpy.

Release
The film opened in January 1997 to poor reviews from critics and fared poorly at the box office. A critic from Cinema Express wrote that "'Ganga Gowri Productions' which had such great hits like 'Ullaththai Allithaa' and 'Meetukkudi'.. has decided to make this film their 'dhristi parigaaram'".

References

1997 films
1990s Tamil-language films
Films scored by Sirpy


title: Amritsar–Pathankot line

text:
The Amritsar–Pathankot line is a railway line connecting  and  both  in the Indian state of Punjab. The line is under the administrative jurisdiction of Northern Railway.

History
The -long -wide  broad gauge Amritsar–Pathankot line was opened in 1884. It originally belonged to the local government and was transferred to North Western Railway in 1892. The Amritsar–Dera Baba Nanak branch line serves the western part of Batala tehsil.  Prior to the partition of India in 1947, this line was  long and was linked to Sialkot (now in Pakistan), but after partition Dera Baba Nanak became the terminus. The Batala–Qadian link serves the eastern part of  Batala tehsil. The  long Amritsar–Sialkot line ran thus: Amritsar–Dera Baba Nanak–Narowal–Sialkot, crossing the  long Ravi River Bridge.

As of 2013, the Lahore–Narowal–Sialkot railway line passes near the India–Pakistan border  through the western outskirts of Narowal, just opposite Dera Baba Nanak, before turning north-westwards to Pasrur and Sialkot.

During the 2015 Gurdaspur attack, disaster was averted on this line as a railway lineman, Ashwani Saini, noticed a bomb on the track and alerted the authorities before the next train arrived. He also ran down the line waving a red flag to alert the driver of the next train to stop. The train that was due to traverse this track, with more than 270 people on board, stopped only a hundred yards from the bomb.

Importance
This line is strategically very important. It connects three border districts of Punjab with each other namely Amritsar, Gurdaspur and Pathankot. This lines provides a diversion or substitute route to Jalandhar–Jammu line. Whenever this track gets interrupted either due to any protest or a technical/mechanical work, then most of the trains get diverted via Amritsar–Gurdaspur to Pathankot and further to Jammu and vice versa. This line can also play a strategic role and help military movement in war conditions. The important stations on this line are Amritsar, Batala, Gurdaspur & Pathankot. Other landmark stoppages are Verka, Dhariwal and Dinanagar.

Railway workshop
Amritsar railway workshop carries out periodic overhaul of WDS-4 locos and breakdown cranes and bogie manufacture.

Passenger movement
 is the only station on this line which is amongst the top hundred booking stations of Indian Railway.

Railway reorganisation
Sind Railway (later reorganised as Scinde, Punjab & Delhi Railway) was formed a guaranteed railway in 1856. It constructed broad-gauge railways from Delhi to Multan via Lahore, and from Karachi to Kotri. Multan and Kotri were connected by ferry service on the Indus River. In 1871–72, Indus Valley Railway was formed to connect Multan and Kotri. At the same time, Punjab Northern State Railway started constructing from Lahore towards Peshawar. In 1886, Sind, Punjab and Delhi Railway was acquired by the state and amalgamated with Indus Valley Railway and Punjab Northern State Railway to form North Western State Railway.

With the partition of India in 1947, North Western Railway was split. While the western portion became Pakistan West Railway, and later Pakistan Railways, the eastern part became Eastern Punjab Railway. In 1952, Northern Railway was formed with a portion of East Indian Railway Company west of Mughalsarai, Jodhpur Railway, Bikaner Railway and Eastern Punjab Railway.

References

External links
 Trains at Amritsar
 Trains at Pathankot Junction
Amritsar-Dera Baba Nanak DMU time table

5 ft 6 in gauge railways in India
Rail transport in Punjab, India

Railway lines opened in 1884
Transport in Pathankot
Transport in Amritsar


title: Wool Market, Mississippi

text:
Wool Market (also Woolmarket) is an unincorporated community in Harrison County, Mississippi.  Wool Market is approximately  northwest of Biloxi and part of the Gulfport-Biloxi metropolitan area.

Historically, the settlement was called "Wool Market", though presently, the one-word "Woolmarket" has been adopted, as can be observed at "Woolmarket Elementary School", and in official documents published by Harrison County government.

A post office operated under the name Wool Market from 1889 to 1911 and under the name Woolmarket Rural Station from 1969 to 1982.

Notable person
 Sandra Rushing, women's college basketball coach

References

Unincorporated communities in Harrison County, Mississippi
Unincorporated communities in Mississippi
Gulfport–Biloxi metropolitan area


title: Love Me for a Reason – The Collection

text:
Love Me for a Reason – The Collection is the seventh compilation album by Irish boy band Boyzone. It was released on 17 February 2014.

Track listing

Charts

References

2014 albums
Boyzone albums


title: Delete (miniseries)

text:
Delete is a two-episode miniseries about a reporter and a young hacker who uncovers an elusive artificial intelligence/multi-agent system dwelling in his smartphone, which has suddenly become fully autonomous and sentient as it is malevolent.

Premise
A disaster in our all-too-fragile virtual world, where World Wide Web, becomes dangerously autonomous and self-aware with one systematic purpose: To protect and perfect itself and enslave humanity as it sees fit.

Faced with possible extinction, there is only one way out: To create a second artificial intelligence of goodness and understanding that is just as intelligent as it is dangerous, as the only possible solution able to combat it. But with governments in a mass panic and the real world in escalating chaos, are they even able to match this unprecedented foe?

Cast
 Keir Gilchrist as Daniel
 Erin Karpluk as Jesse White
 Ryan Robbins as Agent Max Hollis
 Gil Bellows as Lt. General Michael Overson
 Matt Frewer as National Security Advisor Arthur Bowden
 Janet Kidder as Deputy Director Elizabeth Hardington
 Theresa Russell as Fiona
 Blu Mankuma as General Cassius Giles, USAF
 Andrew Airlie as Director Marcus Tremaine
 Seth Green as Lucifer
 Jaylee Hamidi as Keiko Watanabe (1 episode, 2013)
 Mike Azevedo  as Pierre Garaneuf (1 episode, 2013)
 Mehdi Darvish as Plant Technician (1 episode, 2013)
 Graeme Duffy  as Desmond Smith (1 episode, 2013)
 John Stewart  as Train Conductor (1 episode, 2013)
 Alexander von Roon as Financial Reporter (1 episode, 2013

Production details
Written and distributed by Sonar Entertainment of New York City, the series consists of two feature-length episodes. It was shot on location in Vancouver and produced by Vancouver-based Brightlight Pictures.

Reception
The series won two Leo Awards, from the Motion Picture Arts & Sciences Foundation of British Columbia, for Best Picture Editing and Best Television Movie.

See also
Code Lyoko
Code Lyoko: Evolution
Delete, Korean Netflix eight-episode miniseries

References

2010s American drama television miniseries
2010s American science fiction television series
2012 American television series debuts
2013 American television series endings
Television series about artificial intelligence


title: Mohamed Sirad Dolal

text:
Dr. Mohamed Sirad Dolal () was an academic and a member of the central committee and executive council of the Ogaden National Liberation Front (ONLF), a liberation movement in Ogaden determined to free its homeland from Ethiopia.

Early life and education
Dolal was born and raised in Qabri Dahar, Qorahay Province, in the Somali Region of Ethiopia.
Mohamed Siraad Dolaal's parents died when he was a child, and he grew up as an orphan, although his uncle, Mohamud Dolaal, took over the responsibility of taking care of him and enrolled him in school a year after his father's death. Mohamed Sirad Dolal was born with three of his sisters and had six daughters and a son. Dr. Dolal's father was killed by the Ethiopian military in a war in 1964 when Dolal was only 9 years old. It is worth mentioning that Dr. Dolal's father's body was not seen as his body was not seen in 2009, when the Ethiopian military killed him in a battle similar to his father's in Ogadenia.

He completed his formative education in his birthplace of Kebri Dehar. He graduated from Medhane-Alem High School in Harar in 1972. He also earned a Bachelor of Arts (BA) degree from his undergraduate studies at the premier Somali National University (SNU) in Lafoole, Afgoye, Somalia. He later went onto graduate school, where he earned a Master of Arts (MA) degree at the London School of Economics (LSE) in England in 1991 and finally received a Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) at the University of Leeds in Leeds, England.

During his school years, he was an outspoken student about the Ogaden nation's lack of development and how Ogaden annexed to Ethiopia.He was a genius, far ahead of his age in terms of understanding and intellectual thinking. He was an active, inquisitive, observant boy who wanted to know the reality of everything and how things around us are happening on a daily basis.

Career
In 1973, he started his first work at Ethiopian Water Authority Agency. He left the work in June 1977, when the Ogaden War erupted in the region, at which time he joined freedom fighters Western Somali Liberation Front (WSLF). He was wounded in the battle at Goray in 1978, from Harar. Goray is the second village close to Jigjiga after Dhagaxle, where he almost lost his right hand.

During his stay in Somalia, he was regularly involved in campaign efforts to secede away from Ethiopia. He also was a college lecturer and practicing social science researcher, who had frequently undertaken field trips across Somalia from Baidoa to Bosaso, Kismayo to Mogadishu.
In the 1980s he was an active member of Youth of Western Somali Liberation Front WSLF, which later became Ogaden National Liberation Front ONLF; for the involvement of secret rebellion, he went to prison at Mogadishu.

On January 17, 2009, Dr. Dolal's life ended when he was wounded, captured, and executed along with several of his colleagues by Ethiopian soldiers in Dhanan, Ogaden.

He was based out of London, England, and had been survived by his wife and six children.

References

http://www.somaliaonline.com/community/topic/dolals-assasination-the-foreign-office
http://eritrea-chat.com/eritrean-news-a-true-ogaden-hero-east-ethiopia-hero-leader-onlf-dr-m-s-dolal.phpONLF
http://nazret.com/blog/index.php/2009/01/21/senior_onlf_leader_killed_ethiopia_claim
http://www.ogadennet.com/?p=17064/Dolal
https://books.google.co.uk/books/ Secessionism in African Politics, edited by Lotje de Vries, Pierre Englebert, Mareike Schomerus
https://books.google.com.et/books

2009 deaths
1955 births
Ogaden
People from Somali Region
Alumni of the London School of Economics
Alumni of the University of Leeds
Somali National University alumni
Ethiopian people of Somali descent
Ethiopian activists
Ethiopian academics


title: Kytyl-Dyura

text:
Kytyl-Dyura (; , Kıtıl-Cura) is a rural locality (a selo), the only inhabited locality, and the administrative center of Malzhagarsky 5-y Rural Okrug of Khangalassky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia, located  from Pokrovsk, the administrative center of the district. Its population as of the 2010 Census was 453, of whom 223 were male and 230 female, down from 510 recorded during the 2002 Census.

References

Notes

Sources
Official website of the Sakha Republic. Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Divisions of the Sakha Republic. Khangalassky District.

Rural localities in Khangalassky District


title: Marion Vera Cuthbert

text:
Marion Vera Cuthbert (1896 – 1989) was an American writer and intellectual associated with the Harlem Renaissance.

Early life
Cuthbert was born in St. Paul, Minnesota. She received her bachelor's degree from Boston University in 1920. She subsequently became principal of Burrel Normal School, then Dean of Women at Talladega College. In 1933, she delivered an address at the NAACP national convention entitled "Honesty in Race Relations." Cuthbert later received her master's degree and Doctorate from Columbia University. Her dissertation, titled "Education and Marginality: A Study of the Negro College Graduate," was a sociological study of the effects of education on the lives of African-American women. She published a volume of poetry, as well as essays in Opportunity: A Journal of Negro Life.

Career
Cuthbert served as dean of women at Talladega College from 1927 to 1930, and from 1928 to 1931, she completed a master's in psychology at Columbia University during the summers. She got her PhD from Columbia Teacher's College in 1942. Cuthbert turned down Charles S. Johnson's offer to teach at Fisk University in favor of a position at Brooklyn College, where she worked from 1944 to 1961 and where was the first black woman to serve as dean of women. In an oral history, Olivia Pearl Stokes mentions Dr. Cuthbert was considered for presidency of Spelman College.

After Cuthbert retired to Plainfield, NH, she authored numerous volumes of poetry, children's books, and short stories, some of which are anthologized.

Research
Dr. Cuthbert's research on black female college graduates, represented in her work Education and Marginality: A Study of the Negro College Graduate, fills a vacuum in literature about the experiences of black college graduates during the 1930s and 1940s. Her work complements that of Charles S. Johnson's study The Negro College Graduate published in 1938. Her dissertation focused on the experiences of black females at the intersection of race, gender and culture in context of college attainment. She conducted a comparative survey study of the experiences of black females who attained a college degree against those who never attended. Martin D. Jenkins critiques her work by claiming that while the focus on black females in college is critical, her methodology is not strong enough to make the work generalizable to the black experience.

Selected works
Cuthbert, Marion Vera (1934). Juliette Derricotte. New York, N.Y., The Woman's Press.
Cuthbert, Marion Vera (1949). Songs of Creation. New York, Woman's Press.

References

American women poets
American women essayists
1896 births
1989 deaths
Writers from Saint Paul, Minnesota
20th-century American poets
20th-century American women writers
20th-century American essayists
Teachers College, Columbia University alumni
People from Plainfield, New Hampshire
Brooklyn College faculty
Boston University alumni


title: Shiba-Baranai-Gurnai River

text:
The Shiba-Baranai-Gurnai River is located in western Bangladesh. It begins as the Shiba in Tanore Upazila.

References

Rivers of Bangladesh
Rivers of Rajshahi Division


title: The Hundred Brothers

text:
The Hundred Brothers is a 1997 novel by American author Donald Antrim. The novel was a finalist for the PEN/Faulkner Award in 1998.  In his introduction to the novel, Jonathan Franzen wrote, "The Hundred Brothers is possibly the strangest novel ever published by an American.  Its author, Donald Antrim, is arguably more unlike any other living writer than any other living writer."

References

American magic realism novels
Postmodern novels
1997 American novels


title: James Joseph Gerrard

text:
James Joseph Gerrard (June 9, 1897 – June 3, 1991) was a bishop of the Catholic Church in the United States. He served as an auxiliary bishop of the Diocese of Fall River from 1959 to 1976.

Biography
Born in New Bedford, Massachusetts, James Gerrard was educated at Holy Family High School in New Bedford and St. Laurent College in Montreal.  He studied for the priesthood at St. Bernard's Seminary in Rochester, New York and was ordained a priest on May 26, 1923, for the Diocese of Fall River.  On February 2, 1959 Pope John XXIII appointed him as the Titular Bishop of Forma and Auxiliary Bishop of Fall River.  He was consecrated by Bishop James Connolly on March 19, 1959. The principal co-consecrators were Bishop Russell McVinney of Providence and Auxiliary Bishop Jeremiah Minihan of Boston.  Gerrard attended the second session of the Second Vatican Council.  He served as auxiliary bishop until his resignation was accepted by Pope Paul VI on January 12, 1976.  He died at the Catholic Memorial Home in Fall River, Massachusetts on June 3, 1991, at the age of 93.

References

1897 births
1991 deaths
People from New Bedford, Massachusetts
Roman Catholic Diocese of Fall River
20th-century American Roman Catholic titular bishops
Participants in the Second Vatican Council
Religious leaders from Massachusetts
Catholics from Massachusetts


title: Jankia

text:
Jankia is a village in Khordha Tehsil in Khordha district of Odisha state, India. It is 18 km from district headquarters Khordha and 50 km from state capital Bhubaneswar on the Howrah–Chennai National Highway-No-16. It is around 55 km from Puri on the new Jagannath road. Jankia's postal code is 752020 and postal head office is Jankia. Odia is the local language.

Jankia-Nuagaon (2 km), Ramabili (2 km), Olasingh (4 km), Chhannagiri (4 km), Rameswar (4 km), Kalarajhar (7 km), and Gopinathpur (9 km) are the nearby villages to Jankia. Jankia is surrounded by Ranapur Tehsil to the west, Tangi Tehsil to the south, Begunia Tehsil to the north, Khordha Tehsil to the north. Khordha, Tangi, Jatani, Bhubaneswar, and Puri are the nearby cities to Jankia.

Transport
It is well connected with Bhubaneswar, Khordha, Puri, Berhampur etc. Golabai railway station and Nirakarpur railway station are the very nearby railway stations to Jankia. However, Bhubaneswar railway station is a major railway station 48 km near to Jankia.

References

 Khordha district; www.ordistricts.nic.in
 Jankia; villagesinindia.in

Villages in Khordha district


title: Robert C. Parker

text:
Vice Admiral Robert Charles Parker (born September 7, 1957) is a retired officer of the United States Coast Guard.

Coast Guard career

Vice Admiral Robert C. Parker assumed the duties as Commander, Coast Guard Atlantic Area in April 2010, where he serves as the operational commander for all U.S. Coast Guard missions from the Rocky Mountains to the Persian Gulf, spanning across five Coast Guard Districts and 40 states.  He concurrently serves as Commander, Defense Force East and provides Coast Guard mission support to the Department of Defense and Combatant Commanders. Before assuming command of LANTAREA, Vice Admiral Parker served as the U.S. Southern Command’s first Director of Security and Intelligence in Miami, Florida.  He was promoted to Flag rank in July 2006 and was assigned as the Assistant Commandant for Capabilities in Washington, DC.

Vice Admiral Parker has over 12 years of sea duty, including three commands. His assignments ashore have included: Operations Center Duty Officer for the Twelfth Coast Guard District and Pacific Area in Alameda, California; Security Assistance Liaison Officer in Monrovia, Liberia; Professional Development Branch Chief at the U. S. Coast Guard Academy, New London, Connecticut; Chief, Pacific Area Operational Forces Branch in Alameda; Chief of Operations, Eleventh Coast Guard District in Alameda; and Chief of Staff, Thirteenth Coast Guard District in Seattle, Washington.

Education

Robert Parker is a 1979 graduate of the U. S. Coast Guard Academy.  Additionally, he holds a Master of Arts degree in National Security and Strategic Studies from the U. S. Naval War College.  He also completed a one-year National Security Fellowship at the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University in 1999.

Retirement
On Friday, May 16, 2014, VADM Parker was relieved as Commander, Coast Guard Atlantic Area by VADM William "Dean" Lee at a change of command and retirement ceremony held at Naval Station Norfolk, Virginia. VADM Parker subsequently retired from active duty.

Awards and decorations

References

External links

1957 births
Living people
United States Coast Guard Academy alumni
Naval War College alumni
United States Coast Guard admirals


title: Selex Competition

text:
Selex Competition was a Spanish constructor of racing cars under various brands. The company currently produces dampers and shocks.

History

1960s

Miquel Molons Ximenos built up experience in building all types of dampers in the nineteen fifties. Molons built his first car in 1958. When karting made its way to Europe, Molons embraced the new sport. A kart racing team was founded. The team raced in various Catalan championships until its dissolution in 1965. Selex was founded by Miquel in 1960 as an engineering workshop. In 1965 the first car was constructed. The Selex ST 1 was a prototype built according to Spanish Formula 4 regulations of that time. The car had a spaceframe chassis and was fitted with a Ducati 175 Sport engine which produced 28hp. Molons completed various test runs at a kart circuit near Pedralbes. After the prototype José Artés de Arcos S.A proposed funding to build another Formula 4 car, the Artes Cheetah. This car featured a monocoque chassis and was built to fit engines from all domestic engine producers. These were at the time Ducati, Ossa, Bultaco and Montesa. One special Cheetah was fitted with a Honda engine and given to Prince Rainier of Monaco. The Cheetah's built according to Formula 3 specifications were fitted with 1000cc SEAT 850 engines. In 1967 a Cheetah fitted with a Cosworth engine was tested by Jorge de Bagration. The car was intended to compete at the XI Coupe Internationale de Vitesse des Formule 3 at Reims-Gueux but the car did not made the start. At the Barcelona Motor Show Selex and Artés de Arcos unveiled the Artes Campeador. The monocoque chassis was built by Selex at their workshop located at the Carrer de Cosega in Barcelona. The fiberglass body was constructed by Zipo, a company led by Francisco Guitart. The final assembly was at the Arcos de Artes plant. The car was originally fitted with a 1500cc SEAT engine but this was replaced by a Gordini engine. A fire at the Zipo workshop destroyed all molds for the bodywork. This prevented any more Campeadors from being built. Jaume Xifré designed a new Formula 3 car the following year. The ST 2 was fitted with a Renault engine to compete in Formula 3. The car was tested by Forcano Xavier and Ernesto García at the Jarama Circuit. The car was intended to race at the VII Trofeo Juan Jover in Barcelona but the Renault engine did not get through customs. Selex sold the chassis to Antonio Maduro who intended it to race in domestic series. Maduro commissioned Selex to build another sports car, the Cordobán. The Cordobán was based on the SEAT 124.

1970s
A new Selex ST 2 was fitted with a Novamotor Formula 3 engine. The car was tested at Nogaro by Swiss driver Jurg Dubler. Salvador Cañellas debuted the car at the Coupe de Printemps, the first round of the French Formula 3. Canellas was one of six drivers not to qualify for the race. This performance was repeated during round 2, the VII Coupe de Vitesse 1970 at Pau. At Montjuïc Park the Selex qualified for its first race. However an engine failure prevented the Selex to complete a lap. Selex retreated for a short period from Formula 3. This decision came after Cañellas decided to focus on his motorcycle racing career and SEAT launching the Formula 1430. Xifré designed the ST 3 to race in the new Formula 1430. Over half the field raced Selex cars. Their first victory came during the last round in the hands of Paco Josa. The championship was won by Paco Josa piloting a Selex ST 3. From 1972 to 1976 the Selex ST 3 and its evolutions won all the races in the Formula 1430. After the success of Formula 1430 SEAT launched the Formula 1800 in 1974. Javier Juncadella won the inaugural championship in a Selex in fierce competition with Martini. The following year the Selex ST 4 competed in the Eurocup Formula Renault with José Luis Ferrer but with no notable results. Martini beat Selex to the title in the 1975 and 1976 Formula 1800 championship with Juan Villacieros. After this season the Formula 1800 folded. Selex got a request by Van Hool to build a Formula 2 car in 1974. The car was manufactured at the Van Hool plant in Zaragoza. The cars designer, Jaume Xifré, tested the car at Circuit Zolder in 1975. The Van Hool Formula 2 car was Xifré last project for Selex as he left the company in 1975. Francisco Guitart was his successor and he introduced a new Formula 1430 car in 1975, the ST 5. The new car was regularly beaten by the old ST 3 chassis. A new Formula 3 car was introduced in 1978. Miguel Molons Jr. intended to race the ST 7 in the European Formula 3. But a lack of funding prevented him making his debut. The car was converted into a Formula 1430 car. Manuel Valls won the championship in the ST 7 in 1979.

1980s
With a lack of interest by SEAT in the Formula 1430 the continuity of the series was in jeopardy. Selex decided not to build any more Formula 1430 cars. Molons gave new life to the dampers business. Enrique Llobell won the Formula 1430 title in the ST 7 in 1980. The following year the title was won by Jose Luis Llobell, brother of Enrique, in the same car. The Formula 1430 folded in 1985. Ford asked Molons to design the cars for the new Formula Fiesta. Molons declined and the contract went to Juncosa. In 1981 Manuel Valls came to Selex to design a new Formula 3 car. The Toyota powered car was initially names the ST 9 and was later renamed the Avidesa. Avidesa was the main sponsor of the car. Manuel Valls debuted the car at Jarama in 1982. After being fasted in practice the car broke down and he could not start the race. Adrian Campos, owner of Avidesa, and Jose-Luis Lobelli raced the car in 1983. Campos achieved the cars best result, at Jarama he achieved a seventh place.

Recent history
After constructing racing cars Selex returned to constructing dampers and shocks which they still produce today. In 1998 Selex left their workshop in Barcelona and moved to Les Franqueses del Vallès.

Cars

References
 Selex History

Racecar constructors
Defunct motor vehicle manufacturers of Spain
Sports car manufacturers
Companies based in Catalonia
Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 1960
1960 establishments in Spain


title: Oy, Russia

text:
Oy (; ) is a rural locality (a selo), the only inhabited locality, and the administrative center of Nemyuginsky Rural Okrug of Khangalassky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia, located  from Pokrovsk, the administrative center of the district. Its population as of the 2010 Census was 2,266, down from 2,305 recorded during the 2002 Census.

References

Notes

Sources
Official website of the Sakha Republic. Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Divisions of the Sakha Republic. Khangalassky District.

Rural localities in Khangalassky District


title: Princess Grace Hospital

text:
The Princess Grace Hospital is a private hospital in Marylebone, London, and is part of the international division of HCA (Hospital Corporation of America), which is the world's largest private healthcare company.

History
The Princess Grace Hospital was designed by Richard Seifert and opened by Princess Grace of Monaco in 1977. The intensive care unit was opened by Princess Caroline in 1983, and the hospital was acquired by Hospital Corporation of America in 1996.

Services
The hospital has introduced many new technologies such as Modic Antibiotic Spinal Therapy, which is used to treat chronic low back pain caused by a bacterial infection in the spinal discs, "Nanoknife", which destroys soft tissue tumours with an electric current, the da Vinci robotic surgical system, which facilitates complex surgery, "SmartPill", which is an ingestible capsule that detects changes in pressure, pH and temperature as it travels through the gastro-intestinal (GI) tract, and vacuum assisted breast biopsy, which is when a hollow probe is guided into the abnormal breast tissue and a biopsy is pulled into the probe and cut off.

In recent years, the hospital has grown from its main base on Nottingham Place, a few blocks west of Harley Street. The hospital has worked in partnership with the NHS and other stakeholders to develop the Institute of Sport Exercise and Health. This centre specialises in sports and exercise medicine and offers treatment to both elite sports professionals as well as those who only partake in sport at the weekend.

See also
 List of hospitals in England

References

External links

Hospital buildings completed in 1977
Hospitals in London
Private hospitals in the United Kingdom
HCA Healthcare
Buildings and structures in Marylebone


title: Expert Review of Clinical Immunology

text:
Expert Review of Clinical Immunology is a monthly peer-reviewed medical journal covering all aspects of clinical immunology. It is part of the Expert Review series, published by Informa. The editors-in-chief are Thomas Forsthuber (University of Texas at San Antonio) and Timothy Radstake (University Medical Center Utrecht). The journal was established in 2005. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2013 impact factor of 3.342.

References

External links

Immunology journals
English-language journals
Expert Review journals
Monthly journals
Academic journals established in 2005


title: Coryphantha robustispina

text:
Coryphantha robustispina, the Pima pineapple cactus, is a federally protected cactus of the Sonoran Desert. It is commonly found in Pima County, Arizona although it is also found throughout New Mexico and as far east as Texas.

Etymology
The generic name Coryphantha is derived from the Greek--coryphe="head",  anthos="flower"; that is to say the plant with a flower on its head.  Robustispina means robust spines and needles.

Taxonomy
Coryphantha robustispina was described by (Schott ex Engelm) Britton & Rose and published in The Cactaceae, descriptions and illustrations of plants of the cactus family.  4:33, 1923

Subspecies: Coryphantha robustispina subsp. robustispina, Coryphantha robustispina subsp. sheeri; Coryphantha robustispina subsp. uncinata.

Description

Coryphantha robustispina grows mostly solitarily with an ovoid shape.  It has a clean greyish-greenish color and reaches 5–9 cm tall and 5–15 cm in diameter although larger plants are frequently found.  The areolas are oval or cylindrical in shape with a deep furrow and one or two nectar glads.  It has 1-4 central spines curved or hooked.  They are white or grey with the tip being darker.  They measure between 1 and 5 cm in length.  The 6-16 radial spines are off-white between 1 and 3 cm in length.  Their flowers are golden yellow, pale green or opaque yellow.  The seed pods are cylindrical and green up to 5 cm.

Distribution and habitat
Coryphantha robustispina is found in Arizona, New Mexico and Texas in the United States.  It also is in Mexico in the states of Chihuahua and Sonora.  It is rare.  It is on the Federal Endangered Species list.

Ecology
Coryphantha robustispina has a complicated life cycle:

1) It flowers after a monsoon rain, usually in July.
2) A certain type of bee fertilizes it a couple of days later since the flowers only last a short time.
3) The pods must be eaten by a jack rabbit, though not a cottontail as the cottontail's teeth will damage the seeds.
4) The seeds go through the intestines of the jack rabbit and are deposited on the ground in its excrement;  and
5) The scat protects the seeds until a special termite eats them and causes the seeds to germinate and then to propagate.

It is an extremely complicated life cycle and if any one of the steps is interrupted, the plant does not reproduce.

While the above is a typical cycle for the species, seeds collected directly from fruits and not subjected to passing through the intestines of a jackrabbit or other animal can have a high germination rate and be successfully grown into mature plants.

References

 http://swbiodiversity.org/seinet/taxa/index.php?taxon=Coryphantha%20robustispina
 https://web.archive.org/web/20131214075047/http://www.pima.gov/CMO/SDCP/species/fsheets/ppc.html

External links

robustispina
Cacti of the United States
Flora of Arizona
Flora of New Mexico
Flora of the Sonoran Deserts
Flora of Texas


title: Fennia (journal)

text:
Fennia is a biannual peer-reviewed open access scientific journal published by the Geographical Society of Finland. It covers all aspects of geography. The journal was established in 1889. The editor-in-chief is Kirsi Pauliina Kallio (University of Tampere). The journal is abstracted and indexed in Scopus (Citescore 2016, 0.67). and the Emerging Sources Citation Index.

See also
Danish Journal of Geography
Geografiska Annaler
Norwegian Journal of Geography

References

External links

Geography journals
Publications established in 1889
Biannual journals
English-language journals
Academic journals published by learned and professional societies


title: Nanna collinsii

text:
Nanna collinsii is a moth of the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by Lars Kühne in 2007. It is found in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Kenya.

References

Lithosiini
Moths described in 2007


title: Men Will Be Men

text:
Men Will Be Men is an Indian film starring Gaurav Chopra, Rohit Khurana, Zeenal Kamdar, Rajesh Kumar and Rahil Tandon. The film was produced by Red Chillies Entertainment and directed by Gorky.

Cast
Gaurav Chopra as Jimmy
Zeenal Kamdar as Deepa
Rohit Khurana as Sundar
Rajesh Kumar as Preet
Rahil Tandon as Bobby
Rajesh Khattar as Boss

References

External links

Red Chillies Entertainment films
2010s Hindi-language films
2011 films
Films set in Thailand
Red Chillies Idiot Box


title: Yangchung High School

text:
Yangchung High School is one of the oldest private secondary schools of South Korea. Throughout its history, the school has moved three times and is currently situated in Mok-dong, Yangcheon District, Seoul.

History
Yangchung High School originates from an educational institution called yangchunguisuk in 1905, sponsored by Queen Eom, in Jongno. The school was temporarily disbanded at the start of the Japanese occupation of Korea, but was reopened after 9 years. During this period the school produced many fighters against the Japanese, as well as national heroes, including the marathon runner Sohn Kee-Chung.

After the Japanese withdrew from the Korean Peninsula and with the onset of the Cold War, the school continued to operate until the outbreak of the Korean Civil War, at the start of which Seoul - where the school was and still is situated - was overrun by communist forces. The school set up temporary facilities in the South of the country, but relocated to Seoul once the war ended.

In 1988, the school moved to Mok-dong. from the original building that was located in Man-li dong.

Sport
As the history of the school is very old, it started many traditions in high school.

Rugby
Yangchung school is known for its annual  rugby match  with Pai chai high school(an institution that started from the Pai chai Hakdang founded by american missionary Henry Appenzeller in 1885, which also started Pai Chai University) that has been going on since 1946, nicknamed the "Baeyangjeon" or "Yangbae Jeon".

Hiking
Yangchung has the oldest school hiking organizations in Korea. Although private mountaineering clubs existed such as the 1926 group "Muresane", the official mountaineering club for the school was founded in 1937.In 2005 the members of the club went on a expedition to Mount Everest commemorating the 100th anniversary of the school.

Notable alumni
The school has over 50,000 former students and graduates.
Jo O-ryeon
Sohn Kee-chung

References

External links
 Official site for Yangchung Middle School
 Official site for Yangchung High School

Schools in Seoul
High schools in South Korea
Yangcheon District


title: Nanna griseata

text:
Nanna griseata is a moth of the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by Lars Kühne in 2007. It is found in Ivory Coast.

References

Endemic fauna of Ivory Coast
Lithosiini
Moths described in 2007


title: Nanna kamerunica

text:
Nanna kamerunica is a moth of the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by Lars Kühne in 2007. It is found in Cameroon.

References

Endemic fauna of Cameroon
Lithosiini
Moths described in 2007


title: Mundamba

text:
Mundamba is a village in Khordha tehsil of Khordha district in Odisha in India. It is located approximately  from Jankia.

The total geographical land of the village is , including  of government owned land, with the remainder held privately.

Mundamba's temples include Lokanath temple, Laxmi Narayan temple, Mahavir temple and  Bhaghei temple.

This is 19 kilometers from Kordha, has few govt offices Irrigation office, Forest Office, Panchayat office, Police station, Post office, Schools from 1st til 10th (Primary school 1 to 5, Middle school 6-7, and High school 8-10). This place is a junction to many villages, from where people travel to Khudha, Bhubaneswar, BaluGan, Puri. The NH-5 and New Jagannath Sadak (Road) meet here, facilitating residents' travel to nearby cities.

There is a good football ground, where the inter state football matches held many times in past. The famous Hanuman temple on top of a small hill is a famous place. The yearly festival in April every month, which occurs for nine days, attracts many devotees to the beautiful place to be blessed.

References

Villages in Khordha district


title: Nanna naumanni

text:
Nanna naumanni is a moth of the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by Lars Kühne in 2005. It is found in Kenya.

References

Endemic moths of Kenya
Lithosiini
Moths described in 2005


title: Cilka Sadar

text:
Cilka Sadar (born 18 September 1991) is a Slovenian snowboarder. She competed at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, Canada, where she finished 17th in halfpipe. Sadar also qualified for the 2014 Winter Olympics, however, she injured her knee during the practice in Sochi and had to withdraw from the games without competing.

References

1991 births
Living people
Slovenian female snowboarders
Snowboarders at the 2010 Winter Olympics
Olympic snowboarders for Slovenia
Sportspeople from Ljubljana


title: Huws Gray

text:
Huws Gray is a British builders merchants chain based in the town of Llangefni, Anglesey, Wales. Following the acquisition of the Buildbase, PDM Scotland and Civils and Lintels brands, the Huws Gray Group has 249 branches across England, Wales and Scotland as of 2023.

History
The business was founded in 1990 in Anglesey with 4 employees. Today, Huws Gray employs more than 5,500 employees across its branch network. In 2017 the company added its 60th branch
In July 2021 the company agreed to purchase the merchanting business of Grafton Group in a deal worth £520m. The sale was completed in January 2022. In November 2021, backed by US private equity firm Blackstone, Huws Gray has acquired Swansea city center-based builders and timber merchant Exall & Jones Ltd.

Sponsorship
The company previously sponsored the Cymru Alliance league, the second tier of the Welsh football in the north and mid-Wales, and the league was known as the Huws Gray Alliance. On acquisition of Buildbase, they are now sponsors of the West of Scotland Football League. They were also the main sponsors of the 2019 Inter Games Football Tournament held between the Island Games teams on Anglesey.

Notes

External links
Huws Gray
Huws Gray Alliance

Organisations based in Anglesey
1990 establishments in Wales
Retail companies of Wales


title: Mokhovoy

text:
Mokhovoy (; masculine), Mokhovaya (; feminine), or Mokhovoye (; neuter) is the name of several rural localities in Russia.

Modern localities

Altai Krai
As of 2012, one rural locality in Altai Krai bears this name:
Mokhovoye, Altai Krai, a selo in Novozorinsky Selsoviet of Pavlovsky District;

Kaliningrad Oblast
As of 2012, one rural locality in Kaliningrad Oblast bears this name:
Mokhovoye, Kaliningrad Oblast, a settlement in Kovrovsky Rural Okrug of Zelenogradsky District

Kurgan Oblast
As of 2012, two rural localities in Kurgan Oblast bear this name:
Mokhovoye, Makushinsky District, Kurgan Oblast, a selo in Mokhovskoy Selsoviet of Makushinsky District
Mokhovoye, Shadrinsky District, Kurgan Oblast, a village in Kabansky Selsoviet of Shadrinsky District

Kursk Oblast
As of 2012, one rural locality in Kursk Oblast bears this name:
Mokhovoye, Kursk Oblast, a village in Baninsky Selsoviet of Fatezhsky District

Moscow Oblast
As of 2012, one rural locality in Moscow Oblast bears this name:
Mokhovoye, Moscow Oblast, a village under the administrative jurisdiction of Beloomut Work Settlement in Lukhovitsky District

Novosibirsk Oblast
As of 2012, two rural localities in Novosibirsk Oblast bear this name:
Mokhovoye, Novosibirsk Oblast, a settlement under the administrative jurisdiction of Chany Work Settlement in Chanovsky District
Mokhovaya, Novosibirsk Oblast, a village in Tatarsky District

Oryol Oblast
As of 2012, nine rural localities in Oryol Oblast bear this name:
Mokhovoye, Belokolodezsky Selsoviet, Kolpnyansky District, Oryol Oblast, a village in Belokolodezsky Selsoviet of Kolpnyansky District
Mokhovoye, Znamensky Selsoviet, Kolpnyansky District, Oryol Oblast, a selo in Znamensky Selsoviet of Kolpnyansky District
Mokhovoye, Kromskoy District, Oryol Oblast, a village in Gostomlsky Selsoviet of Kromskoy District
Mokhovoye, Novoderevenkovsky District, Oryol Oblast, a selo in Surovsky Selsoviet of Novoderevenkovsky District
Mokhovoye, Ivanovsky Selsoviet, Pokrovsky District, Oryol Oblast, a settlement in Ivanovsky Selsoviet of Pokrovsky District
Mokhovoye, Mokhovskoy Selsoviet, Pokrovsky District, Oryol Oblast, a selo in Mokhovskoy Selsoviet of Pokrovsky District
Mokhovoye, Verkhovsky District, Oryol Oblast, a village in Galichinsky Selsoviet of Verkhovsky District
Mokhovoye, Zalegoshchensky District, Oryol Oblast, a selo in Mokhovsky Selsoviet of Zalegoshchensky District
Mokhovaya, Oryol Oblast, a village in Mokhovsky Selsoviet of Zalegoshchensky District

Perm Krai
As of 2012, five rural localities in Perm Krai bear this name:
Mokhovoye, Beryozovsky District, Perm Krai, a village in Beryozovsky District
Mokhovoye, Kungursky District, Perm Krai, a selo in Kungursky District
Mokhovoye (Nasadskoye Rural Settlement), Kungursky District, Perm Krai, a village in Kungursky District; municipally, a part of Nasadskoye Rural Settlement of that district
Mokhovoye (Zarubinskoye Rural Settlement), Kungursky District, Perm Krai, a village in Kungursky District; municipally, a part of Zarubinskoye Rural Settlement of that district
Mokhovaya, Perm Krai, a village under the administrative jurisdiction of the town of krai significance of Chaykovsky

Ryazan Oblast
As of 2012, one rural locality in Ryazan Oblast bears this name:
Mokhovoye, Ryazan Oblast, a selo in Mokhovskoy Rural Okrug of Skopinsky District

Samara Oblast
As of 2012, two rural localities in Samara Oblast bear this name:
Mokhovoy, Kinelsky District, Samara Oblast, a settlement in Kinelsky District
Mokhovoy, Koshkinsky District, Samara Oblast, a settlement in Koshkinsky District

Saratov Oblast
As of 2012, two rural localities in Saratov Oblast bear this name:
Mokhovoy, Saratov Oblast, a khutor in Alexandrovo-Gaysky District
Mokhovoye, Saratov Oblast, a selo in Yershovsky District

Sverdlovsk Oblast
As of 2012, one rural locality in Sverdlovsk Oblast bears this name:
Mokhovoy, Sverdlovsk Oblast, a settlement under the administrative jurisdiction of the Town of Nizhnyaya Salda

Tambov Oblast
As of 2012, two rural localities in Tambov Oblast bear this name:
Mokhovoye, Nikiforovsky District, Tambov Oblast, a village in Yurlovsky Selsoviet of Nikiforovsky District
Mokhovoye, Pervomaysky District, Tambov Oblast, a settlement in Chernyshevsky Selsoviet of Pervomaysky District

Tula Oblast
As of 2012, four rural localities in Tula Oblast bear this name:
Mokhovoye, Bogoroditsky District, Tula Oblast, a village in Tovarkovsky Rural Okrug of Bogoroditsky District
Mokhovoye, Kireyevsky District, Tula Oblast, a village in Novoselsky Rural Okrug of Kireyevsky District
Mokhovoye, Ivanovskaya Volost, Kurkinsky District, Tula Oblast, a village in Ivanovskaya Volost of Kurkinsky District
Mokhovoye, Mokhovskaya Volost, Kurkinsky District, Tula Oblast, a village in Mokhovskaya Volost of Kurkinsky District

Ulyanovsk Oblast
As of 2012, one rural locality in Ulyanovsk Oblast bears this name:
Mokhovoye, Ulyanovsk Oblast, a settlement in Orekhovsky Rural Okrug of Radishchevsky District

Voronezh Oblast
As of 2012, three rural localities in Voronezh Oblast bear this name:
Mokhovoy, Voronezh Oblast, a khutor in Sinelipyagovskoye Rural Settlement of Nizhnedevitsky District
Mokhovoye, Anninsky District, Voronezh Oblast, a selo in Novokurlakskoye Rural Settlement of Anninsky District
Mokhovoye, Povorinsky District, Voronezh Oblast, a settlement in Samodurovskoye Rural Settlement of Povorinsky District

Abolished localities
Mokhovoye, Beryozovsky District, Perm Krai, a village in Beryozovsky District of Perm Krai; abolished in December 2011

Alternative names
Mokhovaya, alternative name of Mokhovskoye, a selo in Mokhovskoy Selsoviet of Aleysky District in Altai Krai;
Mokhovaya, alternative name of Mokhovo, a selo in Mokhovskaya Rural Territory of Belovsky District in Kemerovo Oblast;


title: Flemish revolts against Maximilian of Austria

text:
In the period 1482–1492, the cities of the County of Flanders revolted twice against Maximilian of Austria (from 1486, King of the Romans), who ruled the county as regent for his son, Philip the Handsome. Both revolts were ultimately unsuccessful.

Background

At the end of the 15th century, Flanders was under Burgundian rule. When the Burgundian Duke Charles the Bold died in battle in 1477, his territories passed to his daughter, Mary. The Netherlandish towns and their States General compelled Mary to sign a treaty, the Great Privilege, that reversed some of the centralization of power undertaken by her father and her grandfather, Duke Philip the Good, and turned the Burgundian state in the Netherlands into a confederation of provinces.
The Members (representatives) of Flanders obtained an additional Flemish Privilege, which required their consent in any constitutional change.

Meanwhile, the area west of the Scheldt (Royal Flanders), as well as other provinces of the Burgundian state, were claimed as reverted fiefs by France. Fearing French invasion, the provinces of the Low Countries levied troops to replace the former ducal army because they could not control Charles the Bold's "ordinance troops". When Maximilian took over, he wanted to reinstate ordinance troops but he could only pay a small, but well-trained nucleus, that in the times of war, was extended by hiring mercenaries. When he was capable of affording the financial cost, he bought small and heavy artillery and a navy as well. Haemers remarks that, "When his financial resources permitted it, Maximilian had an impressive army, superior to those of cities and smaller regions, but not one that could outclass the French army. The Burgundians could not improve their military situation, not
only because the opposing army was militarily resilient, but also because the Archduke had
to pay the high costs of fighting on several different fronts".
Mary, seeking peace with her powerful neighbor, was involved in negotiations with Louis XI concerning a possible marriage to the Dauphin Charles (then only eight years old), but her embassy met harsh demands for territorial concessions to the French crown.

On the evening of 16 August 1477, Mary instead married Maximilian of Habsburg, son of the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick III, at Ghent.
He would rule the Burgundian lands jointly with Mary, vowing to uphold the privileges granted to its towns and cities. The following years, a war with France was fought by Flemish armies under Maximilian, culminating in the 1479 Battle of Guinegate, a Burgundian victory. The German and other foreign troops were not well received in Flanders: the citizens of Ghent rioted against their presence in 1478.

When Mary died in a horse-riding accident in 1482, her four-year-old son Philip the Fair in turn inherited her realms in the Netherlands, creating a political crisis in the Burgundian lands. By the terms of the Treaty of Arras (1482), Maximilian was forced to cede Artois and Picardy to France, but retained control over Flanders as Philip's guardian. France nevertheless openly supported Flemish "particularism" against the Burgundians/Habsburgs.

According to Buylaert, the revolts were rooted in the cities' desire to maintain the autonomy that they had wrested from Philip's mother and predecessor, Mary of Burgundy, which Maximilian threatened to curtail.

First revolt (1483 - 1485)
Several Flemish cities challenged Maximilian's guardianship of Philip, fearing centralization of power in the combined Habsburg lands. Ghent was the Archduke's main opponent, and went so far as to issue its own coinage in Philip's name, an act that was "perilously near to a unilateral declaration of independence" because the unification of coinage was vital to the Burgundian Netherlands' prosperity. On 5 June 1483, the Flemish cities formed their own regency council for the young prince.

Since Philip was in Bruges, in the hands of the rebels, Maximilian attempted to negotiate, offering to dismiss members of his court that displeased the Flemish. Simultaneous troubles in the Prince-Bishoprics of Liège and Utrecht, meant that the archduke could not intervene until 1484. His relationship with Flanders deteriorated as the Knights of the Golden Fleece at Dendermonde deposed him as head of their Order, Bruges refused to admit the archduke into their city with a company of more than a dozen people, and the commander of the Flemish armies proclaimed himself lieutenant-general in the name of Philip the Fair.

Flanders attempted to forge an alliance with the neighboring Duchy of Brabant, but did not succeed. In November 1484, Maximilian convened the States General; Flanders did not attend, but the other provinces of the Burgundian Netherlands pledged their support to the archduke, enraged as they were by the Flemish cities' unwillingness to cooperate (in particular, Bruges and Ghent had attempted to block Antwerp's trade routes). Instead, the cities and nobility of Brabant ultimately joined the Habsburg side. In France, Louis XI had died, and the new King Charles VIII was underage. His regency council withdrew its armies in spite of French promises to support the Flemish, but the French did appease the Flemish towns by renouncing the Parliament of Paris' claim of jurisdiction over them.

1485 saw open warfare between the Habsburg prince and the Flemish. In January, Maximilian's army took Oudenaarde and subsequently defeated the forces of Ghent under their own walls. But when a mutiny broke out in his army, he was forced to retreat; French troops led by Crèvecœur then entered the city. The French, however, misbehaved so badly when in Flanders that they too were soon forced to leave for Tournai.

The following summer, first Bruges and then Ghent saw a coup d'état in favor of Maximilian. On 21 June Bruges surrendered, acknowledging Maximilian I as its mambourg followed by a similar acknowledgment by Ghent a week later. Philip the Fair was returned to his father on July 6.  Before the night of July 6 though, tensions continued in Ghent. Maximilian decided to follow advices that recommended moderation though, and sent Philip away first. On July 22, Maximilian returned for a final settlement and this time the city had to totally submit. He had 33 rebel leaders executed, many more banished, and the city's privileges were to be reviewed and revised by a committee. The archduke had made a reconciliatory treaty with Ghent. But in a month, he revoked the privileges he and Mary had granted to Ghent before, using the disturbance (considered minor by Koenigsberge) as the pretext.

Second revolt (1487 - 1492)
With the rebels in the Netherlands subdued, Maximilian again turned his attention to France and raised taxes in the rich Southern Netherlands to finance his military campaigns. Compared to the period of Maximilian and Mary's joint reign, the taxes levied on Flanders had doubled by 1487, while the seigniorage on silver coins had risen to 120 groats per mark (effectively 12%), up from at most three groats under Philip the Good. Inflation grew rampant, with food prices rising, in some cases doubling; epidemics decimated the population.
Economic hardship and heavy taxation, combined with the failure of the military campaign against France, sparked a second revolt in Ghent in November 1487, led, like the previous time, by the weaver's guild. From Bruges, Maximilian, now King of the Romans, negotiated with Ghent the following month. But when Maximilian, sensing danger, attempted to call in his troops (that had been left outside the gates) in January the following year, the frightened city closed its gates quickly. The guilds of Bruges joined the revolt, demanding publicity of the grievances of the rebels (a.o., plundering of the country by Habsburg troops) as well as the decision making process. They forbade Maximilian from leaving the city, then in February imprisoned him after installing new municipal officials, loyal to Philip and executed one of Maximilian's ministers.

Both the papacy and the Holy Roman Empire intervened in the conflict. The pope excommunicated the rebels and Maximilian's father Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor, raised an army of 20,000 men in Germany that reached Flanders through Brabant in April 1488.
In the following month, Maximilian made a deal with his captors. He was to relinquish the title "count of Flanders", leaving control of the province in the hands of a government similar to the one that existed prior to 1482, in exchange for a yearly fee. Maximilian initially opposed the
campaign of his father, and asked Frederick several times to stop it. Maximilian even suggested to Bruges that the city needed to appease the emperor by  releasing the German hostages and gaining the support of some German princes. No side listened to his advice though. In the end, he and Philip of Cleves got dragged into the war between Flemish cities and Frederick. Maximilian justified his support for his father by stating that this had nothing to do with the Peace of Bruges, but a war Frederick carried out to protect the rights of Philip the Fair, and Ghent and Bruges had duties before the Holy Roman Emperor who was their sovereign. Maximilian had also sworn to uphold the Emperor when becoming the King of the Romans. As medieval law also stipulated that oaths made under duress were of no value,  Louis Pynnock, the chamberlain and mayor of Louvain, argued that Maximilian had no responsibility to stand by his oath.

Maximilian's military commander Philip of Cleves had volunteered to take his lord's place as the rebels' hostage, but subsequently joined the rebellion for what he considered treason by Maximilian. According to Haemers, the Flemings fully realized that a free Maximilian would not let himself be bound by this oath, so in the Peace agreement, they decreed that if the Habsburg side broke the treaty, Philip of Cleves as regent would defend the country against any invader, as also shown by the attitude towards Maximilian by Willem Zoete and Philip of Cleves before 16 May. The former Admiral of the Netherlands became the rebels' military commander and "terrorised the sea" using Sluis as a naval base. Brabantian cities including Brussels and Leuven joined the rebellion, as did the Hook party in Holland.
Antwerp again chose the side of the Habsburgs, raising a mercenary army of ca. 1400 soldiers, including 400 cavalrymen.

In 1489, as Maximilian turned his attention to his hereditary lands, he left the Low Countries in the hands of Albert of Saxony, who proved to be an excellent choice, as he was less emotionally committed to the Low Countries and more flexible as a politician than Maximilian, while also being a capable general. By 1492, rebellions were completely suppressed.  Maximilian revoked the Great Privilege and established a strong ducal monarchy undisturbed by particularism. But he would not reintroduce Charles the Bold's centralizing ordinances. Since 1489 (after his departure), the government under Albert of Saxony had made more efforts in consulting representative institutions and showed more restraint in subjugating recalcitrant territories. Notables who had previously supported rebellions returned to city administrations. The Estates General continued to develop as a regular meeting place of the central government. The harsh suppression of the rebellions did have an unifying effect, in that provinces stopped behaving like separate entities each supporting a different lord.

During the suppression of the rebellions, German blockades of Bruges' trade routes and ports, supported from the sea by a fleet led by the English Admiral Edward Poynings, paralyzed the Ghent's trade. The Flemish cities were forced to accept Maximilian as regent.

In October 1492, Philip of Cleves surrendered and in exchange got a pardon.

Results

In the Treaty of Senlis (1493), the new French king, Charles VIII, ceded Artois and Saint-Pol and renounced his claims to Flanders. These territories became part of the Holy Roman Empire, of which Maximilian became emperor in August of the same year. The next year, 1494, he formally bestowed the government of the Low Countries upon Philip,
who proved popular with the nobles of the low countries.The larger part of Flanders remained in Habsburg hands until 1794.

At his inauguration in 1494, one of Philip the Fair's first administrative acts was the abolition of the Great Privilege. He swore to maintaining only the privileges granted at the time of Philip the Good. As during the revolts, many of the rebels had claimed Philip as their rightful and natural prince (as opposed to his father), Philip capitalized on this to restore several of his great-grandfather and grandfather's centralizing policies, while abandoning their expansionism.

One of the consequences of the revolts was the rise of Antwerp as an economic power, at the expense of Bruges. Antwerp (like Amsterdam) had lent support to Frederick III against the rebels because of the many privileges it had received from Maximilian I, and would see a "golden age" until the Dutch Revolt of the late 16th century.

Many of the old elite, fearing their loss of privileges, joined the revolts and thus got their inheritances confiscated, accelerating their downfall. They got replaced completely by a new elite loyal to the Habsburgs.

Views of historians
Helmut Koenigsberger criticizes the erratic leadership of Maximilian, who was brave but hardly understood the Netherlands and whose only consistent policy was the centralizing and expansionist one that had failed under the Charles the Bold. Koenigsberger believes that it was the Estates' desire for the survival of the country that made the Burgundian monarchy survive. Jean Berenger and C.A. Simpson state that Maximilian, as a gifted military champion and organizer, saved the Netherlands from France, although the conflict between the Estates and his personal ambitions caused a short-term catastrophic situation. Peter Spufford opines that the invasion was prevented by a combination of the Estates and Maximilian, although the cost of war, Maximilian's spendthrift liberality and the interests enforced by his German bankers did cause huge expenditure while income was falling in a land partially in revolt. His rule was almost a time continuous struggle although the situation took a turn for the better at the end of the regency, when Artois and Franche Comté were also restored to Philip.

For Jelle Haemers, the conflicts were not between the autocratic prince and his subjects but between two factions that supported different ideologies of statescraft (a more polyarchical one and a more autocratical one), and both sides had their point. Many rebels were not barbarians but conscious citizens who believed that they had reasons to correct incompetent government, and Maximilian's side also showed some leniency but was forced to intervene more harsherly than it had anticipated.

Haemers and Demets note the extensive use of female spies by rebel cities in the war, who kept track of Maximilian's armies' movements and carried out the communication between these cities. These women were middle-class people who pretended to be merchants, pilgrims or prostitutes (the cities did not employ real prostitutes as they did not trust them with tasks of military importance). Ghent alone had eighty women on their payroll (they received the same wage as male colleagues). One spy named Josine Hellebout, from Ypres, carried out no less than eleven missions between June 1488 and October 1489. Plenty of written evidences on this espionage network's actitivies were destroyed by the cities themselves when Maximilian won the war though.

See also

 Austrian–Hungarian War (1477–88)
 Burgundian Netherlands
 Habsburg Netherlands
 Revolt of Ghent (1449–53)

Notes

References

1480s conflicts
1490s conflicts
1480s in the Burgundian Netherlands
1490s in the Holy Roman Empire
15th-century rebellions
Revolts involving Flanders
Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor


title: Gloria Kotnik

text:
Gloria Kotnik (born 1 June 1989) is a Slovenian snowboarder. She competed at the 2010 Winter Olympics, where she finished 27th in parallel giant slalom. At the 2014 Winter Olympics, she finished 24th in parallel giant slalom. At the 2022 Winter Olympics, she won a bronze medal in the women's parallel giant slalom event. This was also her first podium in career as her best results in World Cup competition prior to the 2022 Olympics were three fourth places.

Winter Olympics results
 1 medal – (1 bronze)

Personal life
Kotnik studied management at University of Primorska. In March 2020, she decided to take a break from competitive sport due to burnout and to focus on family. In January 2021, she gave birth to a son, named Maj. She returned to competing in December 2021.

References

1989 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Slovenj Gradec
Slovenian female snowboarders
Snowboarders at the 2010 Winter Olympics
Snowboarders at the 2014 Winter Olympics
Snowboarders at the 2018 Winter Olympics
Snowboarders at the 2022 Winter Olympics
Medalists at the 2022 Winter Olympics
Olympic snowboarders for Slovenia
Olympic bronze medalists for Slovenia
Olympic medalists in snowboarding
Universiade medalists in snowboarding
Universiade bronze medalists for Slovenia
Competitors at the 2011 Winter Universiade
21st-century Slovenian women


title: Vitaly Zotov

text:
Vitaly Olegovich Zotov (Зотов Виталий Олегович; born 1 April 1992) is a Russian ice hockey defenceman. He is currently playing with Rubin Tyumen of the Supreme Hockey League (VHL).

Zotov previously played in the Kontinental Hockey League for Lokomotiv Yaroslavl in the 2013–14 season and Metallurg Novokuznetsk in the 2014–15 season. In May 2022, he signed a contract with HC Metallurg from Zhlobin (Belarus).

References

External links

1992 births
Living people
Buran Voronezh players
Dizel Penza players
Lokomotiv Yaroslavl players
Metallurg Novokuznetsk players
Rubin Tyumen players
Russian ice hockey defencemen
PSK Sakhalin players
Ice hockey people from Saint Petersburg


title: Tajikistan national under-23 football team

text:
The Tajikistan national U-23 football team represents Tajikistan in international U-23 football competitions. It is controlled by the Tajikistan Football Federation and is a member of the Asian Football Confederation.

Competition history

Asian Games

U23 Asian Cup

Recent fixtures

2021

2022

2023

Current squad
The following players were called up for the friendly matches against  on 15 and 19 June 2023.

Caps and goals correct as of 15 June 2023, following the match versus .

References

Asian national under-23 association football teams
under-23


title: Izidor Šušteršič

text:
Izidor Šušteršič (born 18 February 1977) is a Slovenian snowboarder. He competed at the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin, Italy, and at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, Canada, where he finished 21st and 25th in Parallel Giant Slalom, respectively. Šušteršič also qualified for the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, Russia.

References

1977 births
Snowboarders at the 2014 Winter Olympics
Snowboarders at the 2010 Winter Olympics
Snowboarders at the 2006 Winter Olympics
Living people
Olympic snowboarders for Slovenia
Slovenian male snowboarders
Sportspeople from Ljubljana


title: Zeenal Kamdar

text:
Zeenal Kamdar is an Indian Bollywood film actress.

Filmography
 2016: 7 Hours To Go
 2011: Men Will Be Men as Deepa
 2010: Diwangi Ne Had Kar Di

References

External links

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Indian film actresses
21st-century Indian actresses
Actresses in Hindi cinema
Actresses from Mumbai


title: North Fall

text:
North Fall is a Danish lo fi indie rock project founded by singer/songwriter and producer Anders Belling. It consists of Belling and a group of collaborators all based in Copenhagen, Denmark.

In 2014 North Fall released their debut album 'Outside It's Growing Light" to a 5/6 review in Denmark's biggest music magazine GAFFA.

References

External links
Official sites
 The official North Fall Facebook page
 The official North Fall Soundcloud page
 The official North Fall Twitter page

Danish rock music groups


title: Machu Colca

text:
Machu Colca, Machuqolqa or Machu Qollqa (from Quechua machu old, old person, qullqa, qulqa deposit, storehouse) is an archaeological site in Peru. It lies in the Cusco Region, Urubamba Province, Huayllabamba District, a few minutes outside of Chinchero. Machu Colca is situated at about  of elevation, above the left bank of the Urubamba River, near the village of Raqch'i (Raqchi).

The archeological site features 14 terraces with partial buildings, while the adjacent parking lot is lined with small handicraft stores and a Zip line park.

See also
List of archaeological sites in Peru
Chinchero District
Kellococha
 Yanacocha

References

Archaeological sites in Peru
Archaeological sites in Cusco Region
Ruins in Peru
Inca Empire
Cusco Region


title: Cape Flattery (Queensland)

text:
Cape Flattery is a cape in northern Queensland approximately  north of Cooktown, Queensland.  The headland was named by James Cook on 10 August 1770 as he charted the eastern Australian coast.

Silica mine
Cape Flattery is the location of the world's biggest silica mine.  The mine was established in 1967 and was severely damaged by Cyclone Ita in 2014.

The cape's local port is used for the shipping of silica sand from a local subsidiary of Mitsubishi Corporation, and exports the most silica sand internationally, with 1.7 million tonnes exported alone in 2007–08.

References

Flattery
Ports and harbours of Queensland
Landforms of Far North Queensland


title: Short track speed skating at the 2014 Winter Olympics – Qualification

text:
The following is about the qualification rules and the quota allocation for the short track speed skating at the 2014 Winter Olympics.

Qualification rules
A total quota of 120 athletes is allowed to compete at the Games (60 men and 60 women). Countries are assigned quotas using a combination of the four special Olympic Qualification classification that will be held at two world cups in November 2013. A nation may enter a maximum of five athletes per gender if it qualifies a relay team and three if it does not. Hosts Russia are guaranteed the full quota of 10 athletes.  For the 500m, and 1000m there will be 32 qualifiers, for the 1500m 36 qualifiers, and the relay 8. Chinese Taipei and Lithuania qualified for the first time ever in the sport. Hong Kong sends its first male athlete in Winter Olympics to this event.

Quota allocation
The ISU released quotas on 22 November 2013. They are as follows:

References

Qualification
Qualification for the 2014 Winter Olympics


title: 2014 DBL All-Star Gala

text:
The  2014 DBL All-Star Gala was an all-star game event organised by the Dutch Basketball League (DBL). It consisted of the best players of the 2013–14 DBL season. The event was held on 23 February 2014 in the KingsDome in Den Helder.

All-Star Game

The Dutch players won the game, Jeroen van der List was voted the All-Star Game MVP.

U23 All*Star Game

1 Williams didn't play because he was also selected for the All-Star Game.
Team North won the contest, Quincy Treffers was voted the MVP.

Three point contest
The top 8 shooters in the 2013–14 DBL season were selected.
 Arvin Slagter (GasTerra Flames) with 49,4%
 Raymond Cowels III (Den Helder Kings with 47,5%
 Kees Akerboom, Jr. (SPM Shoeters Den Bosch) with 47,3%
 Thijs Vermeulen (Matrixx Magixx) with 42,9%
 Justin Stommes (Landstede Basketbal) with 42,3%
 David Gonzalvez (SPM Shoeters Den Bosch) with 41,3%
 Sean Cunningham (Zorg en Zekerheid Leiden) with 40,2%
 Tjoe de Paula (Aris Leeuwarden) with 39,3%
Arvin Slagter won the contest.

Dunk contest
Van der List won the Dunk contest by beating Kelvin Martin and Ross Bekkering in the Final.

References

All


title: Teatro Chueca

text:
Teatro Chueca was a theatre on the Plaza de Chamberí in Madrid, Spain. It was built in 1924.

Notable plays
El jardín de las caricias (1926)
Para valiente el amor
Viva Alcorcón que es mi pueblo (1933)
La niña calamar (1935)
El Hombre invisible (1936)

References

Former theatres in Madrid
1924 establishments in Spain