title: Biblionef

text:
Biblionef is a book donation non-profit organisation based in several countries Netherlands, South Africa, France, Dutch Caribbean, Flanders, Suriname and Ghana. Biblionef donates new storybooks to under-privileged children and adolescents. The organisation donates books to institutions like schools, day care centres, crèches and other organisations with an educational focus in informal settlements and rural areas.

Background
Jonkheer Mr.Maximilien Vegelin van Claerbergen, a former Dutch ambassador, initiated Biblionef in 1989 in France. The name Biblionef derives from "biblio" referring to books and "nef" referring to a ship. The organisation's stated objective is to provide children in disadvantaged areas of the world with new storybooks.

Biblionef SA

Biblionef SA is part of an international network of 6 independent non-profit organisations. Due to South Africa's education and literacy problems, a Biblionef depot was opened in the SASNEV Building (4 Central Square, Pinelands, Cape Town) in August 1998. Executive Director, Jean Williams, established Biblionef SA under the auspices of Biblionef's founder, Vegelin van Claerbergen.

The office houses a book stock covering stories in all eleven official languages of South Africa. Biblionef SA operates as an independent, non-profit organization. It is responsible for obtaining and distributing the new storybooks to underprivileged children in South Africa. The cost of the books, shipping, warehousing, and administration is covered by funds from foundations, corporations and individuals.

Biblionef Netherlands
The Dutch Biblionef coordinates also Biblionef Ghana, Biblionef Dutch Caribbean and is supportive to Biblionef Suriname and Biblionef South Africa which it also founded. It operates from The Hague. Among the board members are Rein van Charldorp (Chair and managing director of OCLC) and Bjorn Stenvers.

Biblionef France
Is the first Biblionef and was founded in 1989. It operates from Paris and supports all French-speaking countries.

Biblionef Belgium
They have an office in Flanders.

Biblionef differs from many other book donation organisations in 2 key areas:
 Biblionef donates new children storybooks in all the official languages (e.g. the 7 of South Africa).
 Due to the shortage of mother-tongue publications, the organisation works with local publishers and writers to commission the printing of children's books in the African languages.

Results
 Donated 1,241,059 new story books
 Benefited 7,252 children's organizations
 Reached 3,477,000 children
 Donated an average of 12,000 books per month
 Assisted 51 schools and communities with informal libraries
 Commissioned the translations and publication or reprints of 83 titles in one or more of South Africa's official languages
 Supported 21 schools for the visually impaired with braille and large print books

Awards and recognition
 Western Cape Government's Promotion of Marginalised Indigenous Languages Awards – February 2014

References

External links

Libraries in Cape Town
1998 establishments in South Africa
Non-profit organisations based in South Africa
Organizations promoting literacy


title: Wolfpack Pfeil

text:
Pfeil ("Arrow") was the name given to two separate U-boat "wolfpacks" of Nazi Germany during World War II.

Pfeil 1 (Sep 1942)
The first wolfpack comprised 11 U-boats and operated from 12 September 1942 to 22 September 1942. This pack patrolled both sides of the Atlantic Ocean, preying on merchant vessels coming to Europe from the Americas.

U-boats involved

Raiding Success
Pfeil 1 was responsible for the sinking of 0 ships in the Atlantic Ocean.

Pfeil 2 (Feb 1943)
The first wolfpack comprised 13 U-boats and operated from 1 February 1943 to 9 February 1943. This pack patrolled both sides of the Atlantic Ocean, preying on merchant vessels coming to Europe from the Americas.

U-boats involved

Raiding Success
Pfeil 2 was responsible for the sinking of 11 ships (54,326 GRT) plus 1 ship damaged (9,272 GRT) in the Atlantic Ocean.

Bibliography

Sources

Wolfpacks of 1942
Wolfpacks of 1943
Wolfpack Pfeil
Wolfpack Pfeil


title: Florestano Di Fausto

text:
Florestano Di Fausto (16 July 1890 – 11 January 1965) was an Italian architect, engineer and politician who is best known for his building designs in the Italian overseas territories around the Mediterranean. He is considered the most important colonial architect of the Fascist age in Italy and has been described as the "architect of the Mediterranean". Uncontested protagonist of the architectural scene first in the Italian Islands of the Aegean and then in Italian Libya, he was gifted with a remarkable preparation combined with consummate skills, which allowed him to master and to use indifferently and in any geographical context the most diverse architectural styles, swinging between eclecticism and rationalism. His legacy, long neglected, has been highlighted since the 1990s.

Early life and career

Born in Rocca Canterano, a town near Rome, Florestano Di Fausto studied in Rome, first getting the Laurea in Architecture at the Accademia di belle Arti, and then (1922) in civil Engineering. His first work, from 1916 to 1923, was the architectural part of the tomb of Pope Pius X in St. Peter's Basilica in the Vatican, a work correct but cold. It was followed by the design of the Calvary and of the chapel of relics of Passover in the Roman basilica of Santa Croce in Gerusalemme, inaugurated in 1930 but finished only in 1952. From 1924 until 1932 he was a technical consultant of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MAE), erecting, modifying or restructuring a great number of Italian embassies, legations, consulates, culture institutes and schools in Europe, Africa and the Americas. His most important works in this respect are the Italian embassies in Belgrade and Ankara, and the legation in Cairo, where he collaborated with Melchiorre Bega, one of the most important Italian interior architects of the 20th century. At the same time, he became known for proposing several projects for the center of Rome, as those for the Piazze Colonna and del Parlamento, for the Lungotevere Marzio and for the new seat of the Banca Nazionale del Lavoro in Via Veneto, but all of them remained on paper. Between 1926 and 1928 Di Fausto, who had good connections with Benito Mussolini, designed the city plan and the main buildings of Predappio Nuova. The Italian dictator had decided to move his hometown, Predappio, after a landslide that was menacing its survival. The idea behind the work of Di Fausto here was the creation of an idealized country village, through an "urban design of devotional kind", in accordance with the many pilgrims visiting each day the birthplace of the "Duce", but in harmony with Mussolini's ideal of a rural Italy and his will to show his modest and simple roots. The affordable houses for the inhabitants displaced by the landslide, the renovation of Palazzo Varano, the post office building, the Food Market, the Santa Rosa primary school and kindergarten, the doctors' house, the expansion of the cemetery of San Cassiano and the homonymous church and the tomb of the Mussolini family constitute the stages of his work in Predappio.

Rhodes and the Dodecanese

In 1923, Di Fausto started to work for the governor of the Italian Islands of the Aegean, Mario Lago. This was a liberal and far-sighted diplomat, the first civilian governor of the islands after their occupation in 1912 during the Italo-Turkish War, who favored the peaceful coexistence among the different ethnic groups of the islands: Greeks, Turks, Ladinos and, since 1912, Italians. His first work in Rhodes was the city plan, finished on 29 January 1926: he chose to retain almost totally the medieval walled city, isolating the ancient walls and introducing respect zones, and reused paths and alignments of the ancient plan by Hippodamus of Miletus for the new quarters. The new city was erected outside the walls, south of the west bank of the Mandraki harbour, and was conceived as a garden city, an urban model which was highly fashionable in Italy in those years. The main road of the new town, south of the Mandraki, was christened Foro Italico, and there Di Fausto designed the main buildings, preferring an eclectic style mixing Byzantine, Ottoman, Roman Renaissance, Venetian, Knight Chivalric and local elements. This style was well suited for the multi-ethnic population of the island. The most important works among the many which he designed in Rhodes city are: the Palazzo del Governo (today the prefecture building) built in 1926, in Venetian Gothic style, with a white and pink stone façade, resembling the Doge's Palace in Venice; the neo-Renaissance post office building of 1927; the Catholic cathedral of Saint John of the Knights (now Evangelismos Greek orthodox church), rebuilt among great quarrels in 1924–25, whose plans were reconstructed using engravings of the original church, located within the walled city and destroyed in 1856; the Grande Albergo delle Rose, now Casino Rhodos, built with Michele Platania, but "cleansed" of all its deco embellishments in the late 1930s by Governor Cesare Maria de Vecchi; above all, the Mercato nuovo (Nea Agora, "New Market"), the center of the new city, an irregular polygonal structure enclosing the fishmongers pavilion, which possesses an unquestionable Oriental style. Besides Rhodes, Di Fausto was active also in Kos, where his most important works are the Palazzo del Governo (1927–29) and the Catholic church of the Agnus Dei (1927), built with Rodolfo Petracco, with central plan and a bell tower tapered on the façade, considered his best work in the Dodecanese; in Kastellorizo, where he erected the Delegate's Building; in Kalymnos and Leros. Since 1926 ever increasing differences of opinion with the governor pushed him to gradually abandon his commitments in the Aegean. The quarrel ended in 1927 with a legal dispute, where Di Fausto showed that during his service in the Dodecanese he had designed no less than fifty buildings—houses, public buildings, churches, barracks, markets, schools—thirty two of them already built or in construction in 1927. To keep this high pace of work, the architect worked also during his frequent boat trips between Italy and Rhodes.

Works in Italy and Albania

At the same time Di Fausto, whose prolificity was impressive, was continuing also his work in Italy, above all in Rome—where he owned a thriving studio—and surrounding regions, where, in the second half of the twenties, he designed several housing complexes: among them, those for the civil servants of the MAE, in Via delle tre Madonne, characterized by its Roman barocchetto style. In 1926–28 he designed on the hill of Montelarice near Loreto the villa of the famous tenor Beniamino Gigli, a pretentious and luxurious mansion, whose interest lies in its plan with a central body and two tilted lower wings, a concept that Di Fausto would re-use several times in the future. On 21 February 1930 he had a bad airplane accident in the northern Tyrrhenian Sea, being rescued together with his crew after 12 hours by the ship Citta' di Tripoli. In the thirties, his most important works in Italy were the Centrale del latte (dairy plant) in Pescara (1932), where Di Fausto abandoned his eclecticism in favor of a clean functionalism, the Casa del contadino ("Peasant house") in the new city of Littoria (today's Latina) and the military sanatorium in Anzio (1930–33). The latter complex, placed in scenic position in a pine wood in front of the sea and near the ruins of the Villa of Nero, is a good example of Italian rationalism. Here is particularly noteworthy the chirurgic tuberculosis pavilion, with a central body containing the operation room, whose semicircular outer wall is a single glass façade. From this body diverge two long angled wings which host the patients. The Peasant house in Latina, with a central tower and strutting wings, was demolished in the sixties. The dairy in Pescara, also demolished ın 2010 amidst much controversy and legal fıghts, was a three-body building upholstered with Clinker, whose central body façade had a treble glass wall. The last two buildings were commissioned by the agriculture ministry, which gave to the architect several other works, like the organization of the national exhibition of wheat, reclamations and fruit picking, held in Villa Borghese in 1932, and the design of the main seat of the Fascist Agricultural Worker Union (C.F.L.A.), in Corso d'Italia, Rome, in 1936–37. In that case, Di Fausto radically altered a pre-existing edifice, transforming it in a typical stile littorio building. between 1937 and 1939 he erected in Via Agri, Rome, the Villino Staccioli, a classical example of Italian rationalism. The Stacciolis, a family from the Abruzzi, were the owners of a building company which executed many among the architect's works in Italy and abroad.

In the same period, he was active also in Albania (at that time practically an Italian protectorate), where he replaced Armando Brasini. There he designed the new city plan for Tirana, with the city center and the monumental department buildings around Skanderbeg Square, in Neo-Renaissance style with articulate angular solutions and giant order fascias (1932). In the same years he designed also the royal palace of Durrës (1928–30), with a central tower and two wings, and the royal villa at Scutari (1928), both works being commissioned by King Zog I.

Libya

In 1932, Di Fausto became "consultant for architecture" of the city of Tripoli, the capital of Italian Libya, beginning the last creative phase of his professional life. In 1934, the replacement of Pietro Badoglio with Italo Balbo, the brilliant and impetuous Ras of Ferrara and Maresciallo dell'Aria, as Governor-General of Libya, boosted his work. The two men soon came to understand each other well (Balbo was so confident in Di Fausto to give him in 1938 the task of designing the city plan of his home town's center), and Di Fausto, nominated by Balbo chef of the "Commission for Urban Protection and Esthetics", with the main task of designing Tripoli's city plan, started to produce a stream of projects for Libya's capital: there the architect outlined the plan of Piazza Castello (the area around the Red Castle) and of the square around the Arch of Marcus Aurelius, in the Medina. Moreover, he erected public buildings, churches, markets, hotels, totaling fifteen works in few years. His masterpiece in Tripoli is the multifunctional center Al Waddan (hotel, swimming pools, casino, theater), characterized by a long row of arches parallel to today's Sharia al Fatah promenade.
On 15 March 1937, with a lavish night ceremony in the presence of Mussolini, the Arch of the Philaeni near Ra's Lanuf was inaugurated, marking the border between Tripolitania and Cyrenaica along the newly built Via Balbia (today's Libyan Coastal Highway). In all these works, the architect resumed his Greek experience, mixing with great virtuosity arabisant and novecento elements.

Until the outbreak of World War II, Di Fausto extended his activity all over Libya, building hotels in pre-desertic towns as Jefren and Nalut, residences for officers in Tobruk, Menina and Castel Benito, various typologies of buildings in Benghazi, Misrata and Derna, and eight out of thirty-two rural villages, foundation towns for Italian colonists. In all these works Di Fausto displayed his professional maturity, mastering the design of the most different types of buildings and design scales. The peak of his African work was the design of the Libyan pavilion at the Mostra delle terre Italiane d'oltremare ("Exhibition of the Italian overseas territories") held in Naples in 1940. His position as Balbo's "court architect" was sealed by the placement of his portrait near the Governor's in the frescoes painted by the Ferrarese Achille Funi on the vaults of the Church of Saint Francis in Tripoli, another work of him.

In 1940, Di Fausto took also a short detour from his main activity, designing the scenography of the historic movie The King's Jester (), directed by Mario Bonnard.

Final years

During the war years, Di Fausto abandoned his fascist position approaching the Azione Cattolica, until at the end of the war he was elected representative for the Democrazia Cristiana both in the Constituent Assembly and in the first Legislature. In 1953 he left his party for the Monarchist National Party. During these years, he condemned current architectural developments. In a speech in parliament about the Venice Biennale of Architecture he defined Italy's banal cosmopolitan architecture after the war as "an insane desire of new things" and said that abstractism, existentialism and relativism were "manifestations of putrid matter". His most noteworthy works during those years were the plan for the post-war reconstruction of Subiaco, the restoration of the cathedral of Sant'Andrea Apostolo of the same town, the design of the General House of the Cistercians on the Aventine Hill in Rome, and the restructuring of the Sanctuary of Montevergine, built in an arid neo-Romanesque style. Finished in 1966, the complex shows a return to the traditionalism of his early days. Di Fausto died in Rome in 1965. He was member of the Accademia di San Luca and of the Pontifical Academy of Fine Arts and Letters of the Virtuosi al Pantheon.

Legacy

Florestano Di Fausto was the most important Italian colonial architect of the Fascist regime. In the 1920s, a group of young architects, most of them rationalists, found inspiration for their works in Mediterranean architecture. They reevaluated the traditional buildings ("architecture without architects") of southern Italy, the Greek Islands and the North African coast, since they thought that right in those places nestled the sources of architectural rationality. This new concept, the mediterraneità (mediterraneity), was born in the rationalist movement, but later also other groupings, like the "Neoclassicists", took possession of it. The mediterraneità, which in a first phase was connected by the rationalists with Hellenic architecture, with its purity of lines and design, was later used by Fascist propaganda as ideological justification for its Mediterranean expansion, and was coupled with the Roman architecture. In this context Di Fausto, who was not born as rationalist, laid hands on this concept: in his only writing, published in 1937, he affirms: "Architecture was born in the Mediterranean and triumphed in Rome in the eternal monuments created from the genius of our birth: it must, therefore, remain Mediterranean and Italian." Because of his capacity and his political connections he got unique occasions to put this theorization into practice: thanks to his many works in Albania, Libya, the Italian Aegean Islands and Italy itself, it has been defined "Architect of the Mediterranean" per antonomasia. His adhesion to the concept of mediterraneità is also reflected by his steady necessity to come in contact with the Genius Loci of the places where he was going to operate: he wrote, in the same writing cited above: "Not a single stone was placed by me without having filled myself in advance with the spirit of the place, so as to make it my own".  His work resulted in a continuous balancing between traditional and modern architecture, eclecticism and rationalism. He was "an unsurpassed model of professional architect who, thanks to a remarkable preparation combined with consummate skills, was able to master, and to use indifferently, and in any geographical context, each possible style: from Moorish to Venetian Gothic, from Renaissance to Novecento, reducing even the rationalist language to another Modern Style."  Due to his steadily swinging between traditional and modern styles, he was unremittingly attacked by the two opposite fronts of colonialist architects, the "neoclassicists" and rationalists. His work, long neglected after the war, has been rediscovered since the 1990s, and since then his legacy has more and more become the object of study, although a general catalog of his works is still missing.

See also
 Armando Brasini

References

Sources
 Di Fausto Florestano. Fascismo – Architettura – Arte / Arte fascista web site

External links

1890 births
1965 deaths
20th-century Italian architects
Italian civil engineers
Italian urban planners
Italian scenic designers
People from the Metropolitan City of Rome Capital
Italian fascists
Christian Democracy (Italy) politicians
20th-century Italian politicians
Members of the Constituent Assembly of Italy
Members of the Chamber of Deputies (Italy)
Monarchist National Party politicians
Italian anti-communists
Italian fascist architecture
Eclectic architecture
Sapienza University of Rome alumni
Dodecanese under Italian rule
Italian stamp designers


title: Richard B. Wilson

text:
Richard Biggerstaff Wilson (February 25, 1904 – May 1, 1991) was an entrepreneur and politician in British Columbia, Canada. He served as mayor of Victoria from 1961 to 1965.

The son of William Biggerstaff Wilson and Bertha Matilda Erb, he was born in 1904. He received a BComm from McGill University. Wilson was president of Wilson Motors Ltd. He was an officer in the army reserve during World War II. Wilson served as chancellor for the University of Victoria from 1967 to 1969. A student residence at the university was named in his honour.

He also served as president of the Victoria Community Chest and was vice-president of the board for the Royal Jubilee Hospital.

Wilson was named to the Order of Canada in 1978. He died in 1991, aged 87.

His grandfather William Wilson founded the retail clothing store W & J Wilson Ltd. and served in the province's legislative assembly.

References

1904 births
1991 deaths
Canadian university and college chancellors
Mayors of Victoria, British Columbia
Members of the Order of Canada


title: Dinesh Chandra Yadav (Nepali politician)

text:
Dinesh Chandra Yadav () (died 14 January 2021) was a member of 2nd Nepalese Constituent Assembly.

Biography
He won Banke–2 seat in 2013 Constituent Assembly election from Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist).

He tested positive for COVID-19 during the COVID-19 pandemic in Nepal on 27 December 2020, and died while undergoing treatment for the disease on January 14, 2021.

References

Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist) politicians
2021 deaths
Year of birth missing
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Nepal
Members of the 2nd Nepalese Constituent Assembly


title: 2014 in Delhi

text:
Events in the year 2014 in the capital city of India, Delhi

Incumbents

General Elections

Lok Sabha
Results for General elections to Lok Sabha was declared on 17 May 2014. Outcomes were as follows:

Events

January
 13 January: Monsoon rains lash Delhi and NCR region.

February
 14 February: Politician Arvind Kejriwal resigned from the post of Chief Minister.

March

April

May
 3 May 2014: IPL 2014- Rajasthan Royals vs Delhi Daredevils was hosted.
 5 May 2014: IPL 2014- Delhi Daredevils vs Chennai Super Kings 26th Match was hosted.
 7 May 2014: IPL 2014- Delhi Daredevils vs Kolkata Knight Riders was hosted.
 10 May 2014: IPL 2014- Delhi Daredevils vs Sunrisers Hyderabad was hosted.

June

July
 11 July: Mango festival started in Delhi.
 11 July: Delhi metro allocated Rs 3,470 cr fund in the Union Budget to complete the third phase of NCR lines.
 12 July: Delhi became world's second most populous city.
 15 July: Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) Amendment Bill proposed by National Democratic Alliance (NDA) passed in parliament.
 18 July - Finance Minister of India, Arun Jaitley proposed 2014 Delhi Budget in the parliament.
 21 July - Air India launched direct flights between Delhi and Moscow.
 22 July - First Internet de-addiction centre established in Delhi.
 23 July - John Abraham inaugurated Toni and Guy outlet at New Delhi.

References

Delhi
Delhi
2010s in Delhi


title: Carnivores Tour

text:
The Carnivores Tour was a co-headlining concert tour by American rock bands Linkin Park and Thirty Seconds to Mars. It was launched in support of Linkin Park's sixth studio album The Hunting Party (2014) and Thirty Seconds to Mars' fourth studio album Love, Lust, Faith and Dreams (2013). The joint tour was officially announced in March 2014 at a press conference, with the full itinerary being revealed. It began on August 8, 2014 in West Palm Beach, Florida and ended on September 19 in Concord, California, visiting arenas and stadiums throughout North America. It was promoted by Live Nation and sponsored in-part by Infinity. American rock band AFI served as the opening act for the tour.

During the concert tour, Linkin Park and Thirty Seconds to Mars promoted greener touring practices and worked with Music for Relief, a non-profit organization to support disaster relief and programs to protect the environment. The Carnivores Tour received general critical acclaim, with critics praising both artists' performance abilities and the production of the show. The concert at the Hollywood Bowl in Los Angeles, California, was filmed and streamed live over the interactive social platform VyRT.

Background
Rumours of a co-headlining tour from Linkin Park and Thirty Seconds to Mars first circulated on March 3, 2014, when a Texas radio station revealed that the two "modern rock icons" would be partaking in a tour starting in late summer and that a performance in The Woodlands would take place on September 5. The tour was officially announced the following day, on March 4, 2014 at a press conference held at Milk Studios in Los Angeles, California with Mike Shinoda and Chester Bennington from Linkin Park, and Jared Leto from Thirty Seconds to Mars. The conference was broadcast on the internet through the interactive social platform VyRT. In an interview with Billboard, Bennington explained that a co-headlining tour with Thirty Seconds to Mars had been a long time coming; Linkin Park, indeed, had polled their fans a number of times in order to identify which artist they would like to join them on tour and Thirty Seconds to Mars was the most sought-after band multiple times. Thirty Seconds to Mars first worked with Linkin Park in 2007, opening some European shows for the band.

Set for August 2014, the Carnivores Tour showcased Linkin Park's sixth studio album The Hunting Party (2014) and Thirty Seconds to Mars' fourth studio album Love, Lust, Faith and Dreams (2013). Speaking on the tour name, Shinoda said, "'Carnivores' is a metaphor that is meant to convey an appetite for something visceral and substantive. I feel that's exactly the hunger this tour will feed." Leto added, "We are so excited to join our friends on this epic journey. It's going to be the adventure of a lifetime." American rock band AFI was confirmed as the supporting act for the tour, promoting their ninth album Burials (2013). The Carnivores Tour was sponsored in-part by Infinity and promoted by Live Nation.

Development

Sales for general tickets began on March 7, 2014, with Hollywood Bowl and Verizon Wireless Amphitheater on sale March 10. Linkin Park and Thirty Seconds to Mars offered pre-sale tickets for their respective fan club members. Linkin Park's set list mixed The Hunting Party with the rest of the band's catalog. The set by Thirty Seconds to Mars encompassed songs from Love, Lust, Faith and Dreams, as well as tracks from their previous albums. Supporting act AFI did not perform on September 15 in Los Angeles. Mike Shinoda described the tour production as "more-video based", incorporating The Hunting Party artwork created by visual artist James Jean. He explained:
"It adapts with the show, I think in the context of a live show it's important to have something that lives and breathes with the show. One of the challenges that I posed to the production team was ... if we decided to play something different, if we decided to extend a part, whatever we decide to do, I want the artwork to change with the performance. So it needs to be malleable ... It's as much a piece of art as the music is, so we want it to be compelling and fit with the overall kind of aesthetic of what the band is up to right at this moment."
A minute-long trailer for the tour premiered in March 2014, featuring a British narrator and assorted live scenes, paired with some of the bands' songs, including "Numb" by Linkin Park and "The Kill" by Thirty Seconds to Mars. The promotional poster for the tour featured the three groups' logos with a background based on The Hunting Party artwork.

Philanthropy
A category of ticket packages was created to be sold by an auction process at prices estimated at up to $1,000. All proceeds were donated to Music for Relief, a non-profit organization founded by Linkin Park to support disaster relief and programs to protect and restore the environment. Additionally, one dollar per concert ticket sold was contributed to the charity. A tent of Music for Relief was staffed by local volunteers at each concert. The tent featured a photo booth which enabled fans to document their concert experience and express their support to take action on climate change, leading up to the United Nations Climate Summit that took place on September 23, 2014 in New York City. Various clean energy tools were also showcased.

Determined to offset the impact that the tour would have on the environment, Music for Relief and environmental non-profit Rewerb promoted greener touring practices such as recycling throughout the venue, free water stations for refillable bottles, reusable products and carpooling incentives. Touring vehicles were powered by low-emissions renewable biodiesel, a fuel made partly from vegetable oil. Non-profit organizations Love Hope Strength and HeadCount joined the tour for select dates.

Critical response

The tour was met with high praise from critics. Ashley Zimmerman from the New Times Broward-Palm Beach called the opening night of the tour "memorable", describing the set by Thirty Seconds to Mars as "a bit like a party", during which lead vocalist Jared Leto provided "raw and beautiful vocals". She further wrote that co-headliner Linkin Park played a "great mix of old and new songs" that was able to please those who brought the band to fame, while still showcasing the newest work. Jay Cridlin of the Tampa Bay Times commented that the two bands made Steinbrenner Field's return to concert a "smashing spectacle" creating a "powerful, festival-like feeling". He felt that Thirty Seconds to Mars delivered a "fully committed performance", praising the band's energy on stage, and noticed the "futuristic" production of the show by Linkin Park. Alison Angel, writing for Creative Loafing Charlotte, opined that the tour offered fans a chance to catch "three big rock bands" on a single event and felt that each performance was a "sight to behold". She further said, "between AFI tearing up the stage before the headliners even appeared, to the theatrics in Thirty Seconds to Mars' act and the grand performance of hard-rocking Linkin Park, fans walked out with a sense that this moment was truly once in a lifetime." Danny Crandall of The Sun Chronicle commented that Linkin Park "blitzed through an intense, head-bobbing" set, while Thirty Seconds to Mars played a "rousing performance" high on audience interaction.

Loudwire's Mary Ouellette, who attended the same show, felt that Thirty Seconds to Mars emphatically invited the crowd into their self-proclaimed cult, conducting a "straight up rock 'n' roll sermon", while Linkin Park took a different direction fueled by the "latest in technology and good old-fashioned angst". She concluded in her review, "Strangely enough, the combined forces made for one of the most memorable tours of the summer." Andrej Ivanov from The Scene Magazine who attended the show in Montreal, gave a positive review and hailed Linkin Park's "outstanding setlist" and Thirty Seconds to Mars' musicianship. He also complimented special guest AFI for "bringing it back to our angsty teenage years". Chris Riemenschneider of the Star Tribune, while praising Thirty Seconds to Mars' performance, gave a negative response to the set by Linkin Park, noticing that older tracks were abbreviated to make room for a drum solo and less impactful songs. In his review for The Arizona Republic, Ed Masley commended the set by Linkin Park featuring a "well-chosen mixture of career-defining hits and album tracks" and hailed the inspirational and charismatic performance by Thirty Seconds to Mars. Mary Bonney from LA Music Blog, reviewing the concert at the Hollywood Bowl, felt that the tour delivered an "epic rock experience that turned up the heat".

Broadcast and recordings
In August 2014, it was announced that VyRT would exclusively broadcast worldwide the performance scheduled on September 15 at the Hollywood Bowl in Los Angeles. Sales for digital tickets began on September 3. VyRT provided access to several different experience packages featuring backstage interactivity with both bands and exclusive content. On September 15, before Thirty Seconds to Mars took to the stage, the VyRT platform was hacked and was a victim of a piracy. Jared Leto, founder of the streaming service, was forced to delay the performance by Thirty Seconds to Mars by an hour to resolve the issue. The audience eventually lost approximately three minutes of actual stage time, but the set list was shortened. The event included real-time social community engagement from audiences worldwide. A second broadcast of the show was later scheduled for September 17, 2014. The performance by Thirty Seconds to Mars became commercially available for download in October 2014 through VyRT. Footage recorded during the Carnivores Tour was uploaded to Linkin Park's official YouTube account.

Set list
This set list is representative of the show in Charlotte at PNC Music Pavilion. It does not represent all dates throughout the tour.

AFI
 "The Leaving Song Pt. II"
 "Girl's Not Grey"
 "I Hope You Suffer"
 "Love Like Winter"
 "Medicate"
 "17 Crimes"
 "The Days of the Phoenix"
 "Silver and Cold"
 "Miss Murder"

Thirty Seconds to Mars
 "Up in the Air"
 "Night of the Hunter"
 "Search and Destroy"
 "This Is War"
 "Conquistador"
 "Kings and Queens"
 "Do or Die"
 "City of Angels"
 "End of All Days"
 "Hurricane"
 "From Yesterday"
 "The Kill"
 "Closer to the Edge"

Linkin Park
 "Guilty All the Same"
 "Given Up"
 "With You"
 "One Step Closer"
 "Blackout"
 "Papercut"
 "Rebellion"
 "Runaway"
 "Wastelands"
 "Castle of Glass"
 "Leave Out All the Rest" / "Shadow of the Day" / "Iridescent"
 "Robot Boy"
 "Numb"
 "Waiting for the End"
 "Final Masquerade"
 "Wretches and Kings" / "Remember the Name"
 "Dirt Off Your Shoulder" / "Lying From You"
 "Somewhere I Belong"
 "In the End"
 "Faint"
Encore
"Burn It Down"
"Lost in the Echo"
"New Divide"
"Until It's Gone"
"What I've Done"
"Bleed It Out"

Tour dates

References

External links

Linkin Park concert tours
Thirty Seconds to Mars concert tours
2014 concert tours
Co-headlining concert tours


title: Nancy Lyle

text:
Nancy Lyle (February 26, 1910 – 1986) was a female tennis player from the United Kingdom who was active in the 1930s. She was also known by her married name, Nancy Lyle Glover.

Early life and tennis

Nancy Lyle was born in London on 26 February 1910 and received education at St. Felix School in Southwold. She learnt playing tennis from her father Leonard Lyle, 1st Baron Lyle of Westbourne, an industrialist and politician who had also competed at Wimbledon.

Nancy Lyle's biggest success at Grand Slam level came in 1935 when she partnered with Evelyn Dearman to win the doubles title at the 1935 Australian Championships, defeating Louie Bickerton and Nell Hall Hopman in the final in straight sets. Lyle and Dearman also won the doubles titles at the German Championships (1933) as well as the state championships of New South Wales and Victoria, Australia (1934).

She was a member of the British team at 1934 and 1935 Wightman Cup, the annual women's team tennis competition between the United States and Great Britain, and in both editions won her doubles match partnering Dearman.

Grand Slam finals

Singles: (1 runner-up)

Doubles: (1 title)

See also
 Performance timelines for all female tennis players who reached at least one Grand Slam final

References

External links

1910 births
1986 deaths
Australian Championships (tennis) champions
Grand Slam (tennis) champions in women's doubles
British female tennis players
Date of death missing
People educated at Saint Felix School
English female tennis players
Tennis people from Greater London


title: Sylvan Building

text:
Sylvan Building, originally known as Central National Bank, is a historic commercial building located at Columbia, South Carolina. It was built in 1870, and is a three-story, brick Second Empire style building designed by Samuel Sloan. It features a slate-covered mansard roof.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1972.

References

Commercial buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Second Empire architecture in South Carolina
Commercial buildings completed in 1870
Buildings and structures in Columbia, South Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in Columbia, South Carolina


title: Un homme libre

text:
Un homme libre (French for A free man) may refer to:

Film and television
Un homme libre (1921 film), French title of American western film The Big Punch directed by John Ford
Un homme libre (1973 film), with Gilbert Bécaud and Olga Georges-Picot directed by Roberto Muller
Un homme libre, Andreï Sakharov, a 2009 documentary film by Iosif Pasternak about Andrei Sakharov

Literature
Un homme libre, novel by Maurice Barrès 1889
Un homme libre, book by Philippe Bouvard 1995

Music
Un homme libre (album) Baptiste Giabiconi 2014
"Un homme libre", single by David Hallyday 2002
"Un homme libre", single by Marie Myriam R. Carlos, E. Carlos, C. Level	1979
"Un homme libre", single, theme song from the 1973 film Un homme libre, sung by Gilles Marchal composed by Francis Lai with lyrics by Catherine Desage, Pathé 1973


title: Dal Bahadur Sunar

text:
Dal Bahadur Sunar () is a Nepali politician belonging to CPN (Unified Socialist) and is coincharge of the party for Lumbini Province. He has served as a member of the 2nd Nepalese Constituent Assembly. He had won the Banke 4 seat in CA assembly, 2013 from the Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist).

References

Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Socialist) politicians
Living people
1959 births
People from Surkhet District
Members of the 2nd Nepalese Constituent Assembly


title: Ram Ayodhya Prasad Yadav

text:
Ram Ayodhya Prasad Yadav () is a member of 2nd Nepalese Constituent Assembly. He won Bara–1 seat in CA assembly, 2013 from Nepali Congress.

References

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Nepali Congress politicians from Madhesh Province
Members of the 2nd Nepalese Constituent Assembly


title: 2014 Swedish Open – Women's doubles

text:
Anabel Medina Garrigues and Klára Koukalová (formerly Zakopalová) were the defending champions, but they chose not to participate.
Andreja Klepač and María Teresa Torró Flor won the title, defeating Jocelyn Rae and Anna Smith in the final, 6–1, 6–1.

Seeds

Draw

External Links
 Main Draw

Swedish Open - Doubles
Women's Doubles
2014 in Swedish women's sport


title: Trichomycterus poikilos

text:
Trichomycterus poikilos is a species of pencil catfish endemic to Brazil, where it occurs in the Jacuí, Pardo and Taquari-das Antas river basins, tributaries of the Laguna dos Patos system, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. This species reaches a maximum length of  SL.

Etymology
The specific name poikilos is derived from the Greek adjective ποικίλος, meaning variegated, varicolored, and refers to the intraspecific color pattern variation of the species.

Habitat and ecology
The species' type locality (municipality of Júlio de Castilhos, arroio Passo dos Buracos, upper Jacuí river basin) is a rapid flow river with clear water, a rocky bottom and submerged vegetation, located at approximately 405 m a.s.l.; at this site, T. poikilos is associated with the submerged vegetation.

T. poikilos feeds on aquatic larvae of Diptera (Simuliidae) and Lepidoptera and nymphs of the Ephemeroptera and Plecoptera.

References

Further reading

External links

poikilos
Fish of South America
Fish of Brazil
Endemic fauna of Brazil
Fish described in 2013


title: 2014 İstanbul Cup – Doubles

text:
Eleni Daniilidou and Jasmin Wöhr were the last champions of the event in 2010, but decided not to participate.
Misaki Doi and Elina Svitolina won the title, defeating Oksana Kalashnikova and Paula Kania in the final, 6–4, 6–0.

Seeds

Draw

Draw

References
 Main Draw

Istanbul Cup - Doubles
İstanbul Cup


title: Radhe Chandra Yadav

text:
Radhe Chandra Yadav () is a member of 2nd Nepalese Constituent Assembly. He won Bara–2 seat in CA assembly, 2013 from Nepali Congress.

References

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Nepali Congress politicians from Madhesh Province
Nepal MPs 1994–1999
Members of the 2nd Nepalese Constituent Assembly


title: Raheem J. Brennerman

text:
Raheem Jefferson Brennerman (also known as Raheem Jefferson Soe-Tan Jr. Brennerman) is an Energy and real estate business magnate, entrepreneur and philanthropist. He currently serves as the chairman for RJB Capital, and its core businesses, The Blacksands Pacific Group, BSP Technologies and BLV Group Corporation. He is also the Chair & Co-Trustee for Brennerman Family Foundation Trust and the principal of Brennerman Family Holdings and The House of Brennerman Holdings.

Life

Born in 1978, Brennerman grew-up living in New York city and then in both London and Switzerland. Brennerman's father was an American businessman but he was primarily raised by his mother, an international businesswoman, a diamond broker and textile trader. His step-father, an American banker and businessman of Nigerian descent, also partly raised him and introduced him to the oil trading business on the African continent. Brennerman was admitted at the age of sixteen to one of Europe's most prestigious colleges at the University of London, where he earned his bachelor's degree with honors in Economics at the top of his class and later achieved a master's degree from Columbia University. He started his career in Investment Banking at J. P. Morgan Chase & Co with focus on mergers and acquisition in the U.S. and European markets.

In 2004 Brennerman founded BLV Group Corporation (a real estate and lifestyle company) and in April 2010 founded an oil and gas company, Blacksands Pacific Group, one of only three black owned energy business in the United States. On leaving J. P. Morgan Chase & Co and prior to establishing his businesses, Brennerman worked for the family energy business, which was started by his paternal grandfather in Louisiana. Brennerman also managed the family-owned real estate business and investments, established by his maternal grandparents.

As a young man, Brennerman briefly adopted his step-father's name for eight years and in 2002, he legally changed his name back to his birth name, Raheem Jefferson Brennerman. In 2012, the United Kingdom passport agency incorrectly issued him a renewal passport in the incorrect order of forenames, Jefferson Raheem Brennerman instead of Raheem Jefferson Brennerman.

Brennerman is an avid supporter of education, sponsoring aspiring and talented young students. He is also interested in fighting for equal protection and civil rights and liberties. Through his non-profit endeavors among other things, he has sponsored students from other parts of the world to the United States to further their education.

Companies

In 2004, Brennerman founded BLV Group Corporation, a real estate investment, management and development company which was previously based in New York with assets in Europe, Africa and Asia. The company focuses primarily on luxury condominiums, ultra luxury lifestyle hotels and spas and digital real estate. Under the essenza style brand, it provides lifestyle services from bespoke interior design to dedicated concierge services and more.

In 2010, Brennerman founded Blacksands Pacific, an international oil and gas exploration and production company which was previously headquartered in Los Angeles and with assets in North America and Africa. Originally an energy trading company marketing crude oil and petroleum products. The company expanded to focus on exploration and production. Blacksands Pacific now also transports, stores, purchases and markets crude oil, natural gas, natural gas liquids, and bitumen. Currently operating in nine countries, Blacksands Pacific has announced that it is investing significantly in E&P and midstream oil and gas projects in Nigeria and Cote D' Ivoire and has entered into joint ventures in mining and infrastructure projects, including distributing gas between African countries. In an interview with LEADERS magazine in October 2014, Brennerman revealed that Blacksands Pacific had experienced significant growth especially in exploration and production, but that it is divesting its smaller interest assets in order to focus on larger assets that the company was acquiring, such as assets in the Gulf of Mexico that are expanding to produce over 100,000 barrels by 2019.

As part of a complete reorganization, the trustees of The Brennerman Family Trust and The House of Brennerman Trust formed RJB Capital to focus on advisory, private equity & venture capital, private debt and hedge fund and to take advantage of the energy transition and emerging opportunities in the technology sector on the African continent. As part of its business strategy RJB Capital acquired The Blacksands Pacific Group, BSP Technologies and BLV Group Corporation as its core businesses. Brennerman was appointed as chairman and Chief strategist for RJB Capital and its core businesses.

Following the acquisition by RJB Capital, The Blacksands Pacific Group, became an energy and mining corporation with expertise and focus in Upstream Oil & Gas (exploration & production); Integrated Gas (Gas, LNG & Power); Energy Trading; Renewable and Diamond Mining. BLV Group Corporation, became a real estate & Lifestyle corporation with core focus in ultra luxury residences, multi-family and hospitality assets with further focus in commercial real estate, life science facilities and digital assets. And BSP Technologies is focused on transforming the digital infrastructure and network on the African continent and beyond.

Advocacy

Brennerman has been a vocal advocate of the US oil and gas industries' investments in Africa, claiming that US expertise and technology is helping to build long-term capacity in Africa to the benefit of local businesses and communities.  He has pressed the US Government to spend more on shale oil and gas infrastructure in order to create more jobs and ultimately raise tax revenues, lower manufacturing costs and generate less reliance on energy imports.  Brennerman has also called for the US Government to lift the export ban on crude oil to help stimulate investment, create jobs and stabilize global energy markets.  Other issues that Brennerman has written about in the media include the importance of the Gulf of Mexico as a continuing source of hydrocarbons and the need for oil and gas producers in the GCC countries to increase their investment in shale oil and gas exploration and technology.

Legal Controversy

In 2013, a Chinese bank, Industrial and Commercial Bank of China - ICBC, agreed to $1.35 Billion oil and gas financing with Blacksands Pacific. When ICBC reneged on the agreement after Blacksands Pacific had spent in-excess of $11 million to satisfy the financing conditions, ICBC agreed to provide Blacksands Pacific with a $20 million bridge loan finance with the agreement to roll it into a $70 million revolver credit facility. Blacksands Pacific withdrew $5 million from the $20 million to cover the expenses it had already incurred. ICBC ultimately reneged again on rolling the bridge finance into a revolver credit facility. Blacksands Pacific refused to repay the $5 million arguing that ICBC caused it to incur expenses, when it had no intention of complying with the agreement. ICBC sued Blacksands Pacific in New York State Supreme Court.  Blacksands Pacific attorneys subsequently moved the case to U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York and the case was assigned to Judge Lewis A. Kaplan.

Although the civil case had been ongoing since 2014, in 2016 Judge Kaplan ignored the federal rule against conducting extrajudicial research into Brennerman by Googling him. Judge Kaplan also ignored the law which states that a party not involved with the civil case cannot be held in contempt and he illegally pierced through the corporate veil of Blacksands Pacific and held Brennerman, the chairman and CEO, in contempt even though Brennerman was not involved in the civil case between ICBC and Blacksands Pacific.  Judge Kaplan never directed him personally to do anything; there was no motion to compel or subpoena issued for him to do anything.

Following the erroneously adjudged contempt against Brennerman, on April 19, 2017, at the insistence and behest of Judge Kaplan, the prosecutors from the United States Attorney Office for the Southern District of New York flew from New York to Las Vegas to arrest Brennerman for criminal contempt of court, based on an arrest warrant which was prepared, signed and enforced at the insistence of Judge Kaplan, even though there was no pending charge(s) against Brennerman. Brennerman was granted bail by Chief Judge Colleen McMahon of the Southern District of New York. Thereafter, on May 31, 2017, the same prosecutors indicted Brennerman without any prior investigation on fraud charges based on the same civil case between ICBC and Blacksands Pacific, which had been ongoing for a few years. The case was assigned to Judge Richard J. Sullivan. The prosecutors indicted Brennerman without ever obtaining or reviewing the pertinent transaction files from ICBC. The next day, on June 1, 2017, the federal prosecutors disseminated online under the headline "Chairman and CEO of purported Oil and Gas Company charged in Manhattan Federal Court with $300 million International Fraud Scheme".

Prior to trial, Brennerman, through his attorneys at Thompson Hine LLP, repeatedly requested for the pertinent ICBC transaction files to show that he is innocent of the charges. However, both Judge Kaplan and Judge Sullivan separately denied his request and refused to provide him the evidence. During trial, when the prosecution witness Julian Madgett from ICBC testified that the evidence exists with the bank in their London office, which documents the basis for the bank approving the transaction and thus will clearly show whether Brennerman made a misrepresentation to commit fraud or not. This evidence was important since the prosecutors never requested, obtained or reviewed it prior to indicting Brennerman for fraud. However, when Brennerman again made request to Judge Sullivan for the evidence to use for his defense and to confront the witness against him, Judge Sullivan denied his request while stating on the record that Julian Madgett had testified that the evidence (ICBC files) are with the bank's file in London, United Kingdom. This was despite the fact that ICBC had already provided over 6,000 pages of email communication between ICBC and Blacksands Pacific from London, United Kingdom while omitting the most important documents - the transaction underwriting files which would have conclusively demonstrated whether any fraud occurred.

According to court filings, to distract from the fact that there was/is no evidence to support the fraud allegations and in an endeavor to promote false narrative, both Judge Sullivan and the federal prosecutors pivoted to disseminate falsehoods and promote xenophobia and stereotype. Even though the federal prosecutors were in possession of Brennerman's birth certificate, passports and Government issued identification documents from United Kingdom, United States, and Switzerland, they disseminated that Brennerman would abscond to Nigeria, a country where Brennerman is neither a citizen or resident. This was disseminated to promote xenophobia and stereotype about Nigeria given their fraud allegations. During trial, the federal prosecutors intentionally withheld Brennerman's birth certificate from the jury. The evidence would have clearly refuted the false stereotype and proven Brennerman's name and nationality.

The falsehood, xenophobia and stereotype was also promoted after trial on December 10, 2017, when the Sunday Times of London disseminated online two contemporaneous articles with one headlined "Fraudster, Raheem Brennerman faces 90 years in jail".

In May 2018, following investigation into the criminal cases, Forbes released a publication headlined "Businessman convicted in two criminal cases has new legal representation: himself", where Forbes highlighted the issues with the two criminal cases, first that Brennerman was prosecuted and convicted for criminal contempt of court for court orders that were never directed at him but at Blacksands Pacific, the company. That Judge Kaplan insisted on the prosecutors arresting Brennerman, even while the prosecutors pleaded with the judge against such arrest. The Forbes article highlighted that the bank fraud focused on the wealth management account which Brennerman opened in January 2013 in Beverly Hills, California at Morgan Stanley Smith Barney, LLC - which is not a bank and not FDIC insured. Further that the bank fraud charge and conviction was not about $300 million of financing but that Brennerman received $6,500 in banking perks. The article further highlighted that the fraud case focused on the $5 million bridge finance provided to Blacksands Pacific by ICBC following negotiations for a $600 million - $750 million credit line. It highlighted that the $5 million bridge finance was to reimburse Blacksands Pacific, given that the company had extended more than twice that amount in satisfying the finance conditions of ICBC and that Brennerman was, as of May 2018, after the trial, attempting to obtain the complete records including the lending and underwriting files from ICBC which were never presented at trial and which would have demonstrated his innocence.

In November 2018, Forbes released a further publication headlined "Businessman Raheem Brennerman denied evidence to prove innocence, vows to fight on," where Forbes highlighted that the sentence imposed by Judge Sullivan on November 19, 2018 was harsh considering that Brennerman's bank fraud conviction was for allegedly  receiving banking perks including free checking account, sky miles etc. worth $6,500. That there was no evidence of $300 million international fraud throughout his trial. Also that Brennerman had been denied evidence at trial including the ICBC (London) transaction underwriting file which he required to defend himself and confront witness against him in respect of the $20m bridge loan transaction. The publication also highlighted that Brennerman was sentenced on civil contempt charges involving the transaction between ICBC and Blacksands Pacific, a case in which Brennerman was not even personally involved.

In June 2020, the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit made matters worse when they decided to protect Judge Richard J. Sullivan as to the bank fraud error rather than focus on the record and law. They also falsely stated that evidence did not exist, stating on record: "the only indication that the evidence is extant comes from Brennerman's bare assertion" when clearly the evidence existed within their own records. Brennerman wrote to the Chief Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit, Hon. Debra Ann Livingston, to highlight the errors of the Second Circuit Appeals Court panel, however they refused to correct their errors causing Brennerman to remain unjustly imprisoned.

In February 2021, further demonstrable evidence was presented to the Court highlighting that Judge Richard J. Sullivan fabricated and distorted evidence to convict and sentence Brennerman for bank fraud, while also intentionally depriving Brennerman access to evidence which would demonstrate his innocence of the other fraud charges. The court filings highlight that the entire prosecution was fabricated by Judge Kaplan, Judge Sullivan and the federal prosecutors. When they lacked evidence, Judge Sullivan fabricated and distorted it. Judge Kaplan ignored the law to convict Brennerman and the federal prosecutors were pressured by the judges to falsely prosecute Brennerman. They intentionally disseminated falsehoods about Brennerman's name, nationality and educational background in an endeavor to cause reputational damage and distract from the racial injustice with the wrongful prosecution and false imprisonment.

On August 10, 2021, Brennerman also made submission to the Chief Judge of the Manhattan federal court in respect of the criminal cases, 17 Cr. 155 (LAK) and 17 Cr. 337 (RJS) highlighting the judicial misconduct and bias and prosecutorial misconduct, seeking dismissal of the judgment of conviction and sentence or in the alternative that new judges be assigned to consider the issues.

On August 17, 2021, Chief Judge of Manhattan federal court, Laura Taylor Swain, wrote that her court had no jurisdiction over the cases and directed Brennerman back to the courts of Judges Kaplan and Sullivan

Collateral Attack Filings

On November 16, 2021, Brennerman filed a 442-page Collateral Attack Petition to Judge Sullivan seeking dismissal of the fraud convictions and sentence including bank fraud and conspiracy to bank fraud. Brennerman detailed how Judge Sullivan fabricated evidence and asked Judge Sullivan to recuse himself from the case. After more than 8 months neither the prosecutors nor Judge Sullivan have responded to Brennerman's Petition. An exchange of letters occurred in July 2022 (see section 4.2 Reporting Crimes and Misconduct)

On January 31, 2022, Brennerman filed a 189-page Collateral Attack Petition to Judge Kaplan seeking dismissal of the contempt convictions and sentence, highlighting the conspiracy to deprive him of the requested documents/evidence so as to wrongly convict and imprison him.

To date 35 separate filings on the collateral attack motion have been docketed at Brennerman v. U.S., 22 Cv. 996 (LAK), EFC Nos. 1-35. Judge Kaplan's Court issued its first denial order at EFC No. 19, then the Court reversed itself and reopened the case at EFC No. 24, then the Court issued its second denial order at EFC No. 26 and currently has issued a Memorandum Endorsement of its denial at EFC No. 34. Throughout Brennerman has docketed letters, motions and responses highlighting the Court's actions as simply an endeavor to cover-up crimes and misconduct perpetuated against Brennerman by Government prosecutors acting on its [the Court] behalf. The crime and cover-up is succinctly summarized in Brennerman's letter to Judge Kaplan, dated July 21, 2022 headed "Crimes and Misconduct against Petitioner-Defendant", that government prosecutors, acting on behalf of Judge Kaplan's court, conspired to intentionally deprive Brennerman his constitutional right to liberty by conspiring with Linklaters LLP through Attorney Paul Hessler to withhold and hide away pertinent and exculpatory evidence (the missing ICBC files) which Linklaters has confirmed remains in their possession.

Reporting Crimes and Misconduct

On April 14, 2022, Brennerman wrote a letter to Laura Taylor Swain, Chief Judge of the U.S. District Court of the Southern District of New York to highlight the conspiracy in respect of his two criminal cases to deprive Brennerman of the requested documents/evidence so as to wrongly and falsely convict him. Brennerman wrote that Judge Richard Sullivan intentionally misrepresented (fabricated) evidence by surreptitiously supplanting Morgan Stanley Smith Barney, LLC a non-FDIC insured institution with Morgan Stanley Private Bank, a FDIC insured institution, so as to falsely satisfy the law to falsely convict and imprison Brennerman. Judge Kaplan, in an endeavor to cover-up the conspiracy, following Brenenrman's request for ICBC evidence and extension to file reply motion, abruptly denied all pending motions and ordered closure of the entire collateral attack petition without any evidentiary hearing on the critical issue of the conspiracy and ICBC file or allowing Brenenrman the opportunity to file a reply motion (to rebut the Government's response). Judge Kaplan's denial was to cover-up the conspiracy to deprive Brennerman of the ICBC evidence and testimony from Mr. Hessler to explain why he (Mr. Hessler) withheld evidence. Brennerman wrote that he hoped that a supervisory authority would intervene to protect United States' democracy that affords every person within its territory the right to liberty and from unwarranted infringement of such right through misconduct.

On May 5, 2022, Brennerman wrote again to the Hon. Laura Taylor Swain, Chief Judge of the U.S. District Court of the Southern District of New York, formally notifying her that crimes had been committed against him by District Court Judges Kaplan and Sullivan, Department of Justice federal prosecutors and the international law firm Linklaters, through Attorney Paul Hessler, to intentionally withhold production of exculpatory ICBC documents/evidence, including the underwriting file which exonerated Brennerman and which Brennerman required to prove his innocence at trial. The letter stated that should the Courts, Judge Kaplan and Judge Sullivan disagree with him, the courts were entitled to refer him for further prosecution, but that they could not and would not do so, because that action would entitle Brennerman to discovery, that he would be able to request and obtain the missing ICBC documents and evidence, and Brennerman would be able to expose the conspiracy through depositions of Paul Hessler and other partners at Linklaters.

On May 17, 2022, The Hon. Laura Taylor Swain wrote in response that her Court did not exert any authority over the cases and to file a misconduct complaint to the Clerk of the Second Circuit U.S. Court of Appeals.

On May 18, 2022, Brennerman wrote to Judge Sullivan to formally notify, appraise and inform Judge Sullivan's court that crimes and civil rights violations had been committed against him through the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York, Brennerman presented the same content as in his earlier May 5, 2022 letter to Hon. Laura Taylor Swain, Chief Judge.

On May 22, 2022, Brennerman wrote to Judge Kaplan responding to Judge Kaplan's denial of his Collateral Attack Petition but also notifying the Court of crimes/misconduct perpetuated against him by federal prosecutors and judges through the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York. The letter stated that Judge Kaplan had endeavored to obfuscate and cover-up the crime of conspiracy with the government prosecutors, acting on behalf of Judge Kaplan, conspiring with Linklaters LLP (attorney for alleged victim) through Attorney Paul Hessler, to intentionally withhold production of pertinent and exculpatory evidence, ICBC files, which demonstrates Brennerman's innocence.

On July 7, 2022, Brennerman sent a letter to Judge Kaplan to request expedited relief from crimes and misconduct against him, Brennerman wrote that he was deprived of the above to even exercise his Constitutional rights to present his complete defense to the jury at trial, hence why Government prosecutors, acting on behalf of the Court, conspired with Linklaters LLP to intentionally hide away the evidence which Brennerman required in demonstrating his innocence of the charged crime.

On July 18, 2022, Judge Kaplan issued a "Memorandum Endorsement" to deny Brennerman's request for relief on the basis that the Collateral Attack Petition had been closed, that "the Court is not obliged to respond to defendant's commentaries on its ruling and declines to do so" and that any appeal would not be taken in good faith

Brennerman's letter to Judge Kaplan on July 21, 2022, stated that federal courts have a solemn obligation to protect the Constitutional rights of a criminal defendant, however that Government prosecutors, acting on behalf of the Court, conspired to intentionally deprive Brennerman, a criminal defendant, of his Constitutional rights to liberty by conspiring with Linklaters LLP, through Attorney Paul Hessler to intentionally hide away pertinent and exculpatory evidence, missing ICBC files, which Linklaters LLP New York office confirmed remains in their possession. The letter goes on to state that this situation is an egregious situation where a federal court (Judge Lewis Kaplan), intentionally encourages crimes and misconduct against Brennerman, a criminal defendant, on its behalf.

On July 19, 2022, Judge Sullivan issued an order that he would not be docketing Brennerman's May 18, 2022 letter, that Brennerman had made "inflammatory" comments. On July 21, 2022, Brennerman responded to Judge Sullivan and Ruby Krajick (Clerk of Court) that he was perplexed by the Court's order because the Clerk of Court is obliged by law and the federal rules to file his letter prior to the Court rendering its judgment or comments. Brennerman wrote that impartial judges are tasked to rule based on requested relief which are filed on the record and publicly docketed rather than decide which controversy in a criminal proceeding will be publicly docketed and which will not

Activism
At the end of June 2020, Mr. Brennerman and other activist volunteers launched the campaign "FREE RAHEEM BRENNERMAN" and the website at www.freeraheem.org, which allege systemic oppression and racial injustice, and asserts that his was a wrongful prosecution that led to false imprisonment.  The campaign highlights that Manhattan Federal Court blatantly ignored the law, the record and evidence, and also highlights Judge Kaplan and Judge Sullivan's alleged errors, bias and violation of Brennerman's Constitutional rights, among others. The campaign is reaching out to politicians, celebrities, influencers and advocates to stand with the campaign against racial injustice and in support of Raheem Brennerman and anyone else who has been affected by the alleged systemic oppression and racial injustice.

On September 20, 2020, a formal COMPLAINT in furtherance of the complaint filed on behalf of Mr. Steven Donziger against SDNY District Court Judge Lewis A. Kaplan and extended to Second Circuit Court Judge Richard J. Sullivan was submitted to the Chief Judge of the Second Circuit of the United States Court of Appeals to highlight the pattern of Judicial Misconduct, Abuse of Power and Racial Injustice with the wrongful prosecution and false imprisonment of Raheem Jefferson Brennerman.  More details about Steven Donziger's own experience with Judge Kaplan's abuse of power have been provided here.

References

External links
Interview in The New York Times, August 8, 2008
Letter to Financial Times, August 13, 2014
Guest contributor to Oil and Gas Investor, September 4, 2014
Letter to The Hill, September 23, 2014
Interview in LEADERS magazine, October, 2014
Guest contributor to Oil and Gas Investor, November 7, 2014
Businessman convicted in two criminal cases has new legal representation, himself, May 29, 2018
Businessman Raheem Brennerman Denied Evidence To Prove Innocence, Vows To Fight On, November 30, 2018
Free Raheem J Brennerman Campaign

Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)


title: Union Station (Columbia, South Carolina)

text:
Union Station (originally Union Depot), also known as Atlantic Coast Line Railroad and Southern Railway Station, is a historic train station located at Columbia, South Carolina. It was built in 1902, and is a brick and stone, eclectic Jacobethan Revival / Tudor Revival building. It features stepped gables and towering chimneys. It was designed by architect Frank Pierce Milburn for the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad and Southern Railway. In contrast to the custom of 'union station' denoting the single station for several railroads, the Seaboard Air Line Railroad had its own station one-half mile away. The formerly Seaboard Silver Star still operates through another station in Columbia.

Historic recognition

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1973.

Noteworthy trains served at the station
Until the 1950s and 1960s the station served several named trains. In contrast to the New York -- Florida trajectories of the Amtrak trains today passing through Columbia, the trains offered service in different directions as well.
Southern Railway:
Aiken-Augusta Special: Aiken, South Carolina and Augusta, Georgia -- New York City
Carolina Special, the South Carolina branch: Cincinnati -- Charleston, South Carolina
Skyland Special: Asheville -- Jacksonville, Florida

The last Southern Railway train serving the station was the Carolina Special in 1968.

Atlantic Coast Line:
Unnamed service east to Florence, South Carolina, with an additional train heading beyond Florence to Wilmington, North Carolina

The last ACL service served the city in 1954.

Current disposition
The building has housed California Dreaming, a high-end bar and grill restaurant, since 1984 and is popular with students and faculty alike.

See also
Columbia station (South Carolina)

References

Railway stations on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Tudor Revival architecture in South Carolina
Railway stations in the United States opened in 1902
Transportation in Columbia, South Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in Columbia, South Carolina
Columbia
Columbia
Columbia, South Carolina
Former railway stations in South Carolina


title: Pelska

text:
The Pelska (also known as the Belka) is a river in southeastern Estonia, although its headwaters are on Russian territory. It is a right tributary of the Piusa.

The river has little organic matter in it, but it belongs to the "List of spawning places and habitation of salmon, brown trout, sea trout and grayling" in Estonia. The length of the river is 5.5 km, river basin is 85.2 km2. Võmmorski village is situated by the river.
The Pelska belongs to the "List of spawning places and habitation of salmon, brown trout, sea trout and grayling" in Estonia (RTL 2004, 87 1362).

The name of the river is derived from the village of Pelska, through which the river flows on the Russian side of the border. On Estonian territory, the river flows through the village of Seto and is also called the Pelska Stream. The name Belka has come into use through Russian topographic maps. The river is a public watercourse in Estonia. The information about the size of its basin is based on accurate, contemporary information. Basin information is provided by the Land Improvement Offices put together in 2008 and 2009, or in the absence of it, information about the surface area of basins calculated from the 1990s drainage area map is used. Earlier used sources or other sources used for basin size: The list of 1986 - 85.2 km2; calculated from the basin map put together in the end of 1990s - 14.9 km2.

The Mustoja and Helbi streams flow into the Pelska; the river itself discharges into the Piusa. The European bullhead (Cottus cobio) is well known among the species of fish in the river.

References

Landforms of Võru County
Rivers of Estonia
Rivers of Pskov Oblast
International rivers of Europe
Estonia–Russia border
Border rivers


title: Dragoumis

text:
Dragoumis () is a Greek surname. It may refer to:
 Ion Dragoumis (1878–1920), Greek diplomat, philosopher, writer and revolutionary
 Nikolaos Dragoumis (1874-1933), Greek painter, son of Stephanos Dragoumis
 Stefanos Dragoumis (1842–1923), Prime Minister of Greece

Greek-language surnames
Surnames


title: Aphis affinis

text:
Aphis affinis is an aphid of the family Aphididae. The species was described by Giacomo del Guercio in 1911. It is found in southern Europe, the Middle East and the Indian subcontinent. Ladybird predator species of A. affinis include Brumoides suturalis, Cheilomenes sexmaculata and Coccinella transversalis.

References

Aphis
Insects described in 1911
Insects of the Middle East


title: IBM 601

text:
The IBM 601 Multiplying Punch was a unit record machine that could read two numbers from a punched card and punch their product in a blank field on the same card. The factors could be up to eight decimal digits long. The 601 was introduced in 1931 and was the first IBM machine that could do multiplication.

In 1936 W. J. Eckert connected a modified 601 to a 285 tabulator and an 016 duplicating punch through a custom switch he designed and used the combined setup to perform scientific calculations.

See also
IBM 602
IBM 603
IBM 604

References

601
Programmable calculators
Products introduced in 1931


title: Tremetone

text:
Tremetone is a constituent of the toxic compound tremetol, found in snakeroot (Ageratina altissima), that causes milk sickness in humans and trembles in livestock. Tremetone is the main constituent of at least 11 chemically related substances in tremetol. Tremetone is toxic to fish, but not to chicken, and is therefore not the major toxic compound in tremetol. Tremetol can be found in a number of different species of the family Asteraceae, including snakeroot and rayless goldenrod (Isocoma pluriflora).

Synthesis
Tremetol, an oil with a straw-colored tinge, was first isolated from white snakeroot by J.F. Couch in 1929.  Column chromatography of tremetol yielded a hydrocarbon, two steroids, and three ketones.  Further isolation experiments revealed that tremetone is the major ketone constituent of the compound tremetol.  Hence, tremetone was hypothesized to be responsible for the “trembles” that characterize the milk sickness disease.  Tremetone was first synthesized in July 1963 by DeGraw, Bowen, and Bonner.  This synthesis is illustrated below.  The final dehydration step was accomplished by treatment with phosphoryl chloride/pyridine at 75 °C.

This synthesis had a 75% yield, but the final product was a racemate that would not suitably undergo chiral resolution.  This prevented isolation of the natural levorotary enantiomer of tremetone; thus limiting the ability to further analyze its biological mechanisms.  However, in November 1963, the enantiomers of tremetone were isolated by Bowen, et al. via the synthesis illustrated below.  Resolution of enantiomers occurred by co-crystallization of the acid following Na/Hg reduction.

See also

 Milk sickness
 Snakeroot (Ageratina altissima)
 Toxol, a structurally related substance (3-hydroxy-tremetone)

References

Piceol ethers
Plant toxins
Benzofurans
Alkene derivatives


title: Town Theatre

text:
Town Theatre is a historic community theatre located at Columbia, South Carolina. It was built in 1924, and is a rectangular brick building with a two-story glazed central arch with Art Deco influences.  A brick annex was added to the rear of the building in the 1950s.  It houses one of the first community theatres in the United States.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1974.

References

Theatres on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Art Deco architecture in South Carolina
Buildings and structures in Columbia, South Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in Columbia, South Carolina
Theatres completed in 1924


title: Boğsak Tunnel

text:
The Boğsak Tunnel is a road tunnel located in Silifke, Mersin Province in southern Turkey as part of the highway .

The highway  is the main route running all the way from west to east in southern Turkey. Toros Mountains, which run in parallel to Mediterranean Sea coast, are to the north of the highway. The mountain range meets occasionally the sea with a high-sloped coast. Particularly, the  portion of the highway connecting the two major Mediterranean ports of Antalya and Mersin is known for its steep ramps and sharp curves in the mountainous area. One of the most problematic courses up to date was a -course between Boğsak in the east and Akdere in the west, which was called the Çile yolu (literally: Road of ordeal) by the drivers.

The tunnel was constructed to ease the traffic in this course. It was opened on 18 March 2014. After the construction of the tunnel, the ramps were avoided and the length of the highway reduced by about . Construction of 22 other tunnels with a total distance of  is planned to reduce the average travel time from 9 to 5 hours between Antalya and Mersin.

It is a -long twin-tube tunnel carrying two lanes of traffic in each direction. The tubes are  wide. The tunnel is equipped with illumination, ventilation, intercommunication and other modern facilities. The construction of the tunnel cost 65 million.

References

Road tunnels in Turkey
Transport in Mersin Province
Tunnels completed in 2014
Silifke District
2014 establishments in Turkey


title: Hong Dong-hyun

text:
Hong Dong-hyun (; born 30 October 1991) is a South Korean footballer who plays as a midfielder for Ansan Greeners in the K League 2.

Career
Hong signed with Busan IPark after graduating from Soongsil University. His first professional goal came directly from a free kick in a 2–1 defeat to Ulsan on 28 November 2015. In the following game, the first leg of a relegation play-off against Suwon City, Hong was sent off for two bookable offences. Busan went on to lose the tie and were relegated to the K League Challenge.

Club career statistics
As of 21 July 2017

References

External links

1991 births
Living people
Men's association football midfielders
South Korean men's footballers
Busan IPark players
K League 1 players
K League 2 players
Ansan Greeners FC players


title: John Carl Pendray

text:
John Carl Pendray (born Victoria, British Columbia November 17, 1879 – 1961) was an industrialist and politician in British Columbia, Canada. He served as mayor of Victoria from 1924 to 1928.

The son of local businessman William Joseph Pendray (owner of British America Soap Company) and Amelia Jane Carthew, Pendray served as managing director of the family firm, the British America Paint Company, from 1908 to 1938. Pendray founded the Victoria & Island Publicity Bureau. He was a partner in the first car ferry operation providing service to Victoria, which was established in 1922. Pendray was also a director of the Canadian Highway Association, and served as vice-president of the National Paint, Varnish and Lacquer Association of North America.

References

1879 births
1961 deaths
Mayors of Victoria, British Columbia


title: Nezma Khatun

text:
Nezma Khatun () is a member of 2nd Nepalese Constituent Assembly. She won Bara–4 seat in CA assembly, 2013 from Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist).

References

Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist) politicians
21st-century Nepalese women politicians
21st-century Nepalese politicians
Members of the 2nd Nepalese Constituent Assembly


title: Obinitsa (stream)

text:
The Obinitsa (also known as the Tuhkvitsa) is a stream in Meremäe rural municipality that flows into the Piusa river.

Geography
The source of the Tuhkvitsa is the Ojaotsa springs. The stream flows entirely through Meremäe and passes Obinitsa Reservoir. Tepia, Serga, Tobrova, Lepä and Obinitsa villages are situated on the stream. Tepia sacrificial spring is located near Tepia village, by the stream that is believed to be a holy spring and to have healing properties.

Watermills
There were 8 watermills on the Tuhkvitsa: Serga, Tepia, Lepa, Tobrova, Porga, Kruuse, Sonne and Ala-Tsumba. Only Serga mill had an undershot water-wheel as a power source, all the other watermills had overshot wheels. Today, all the watermills have disappeared. The banks of the upper reaches of the stream are shallow and fringed by farmlands and meadows, but from Kruuse mill onwards, a deep natural valley is formed and the banks are mostly covered by alder. The banks used to be bordered by hayfields and pastures and there was no natural vegetation.

References

Rivers of Estonia
Landforms of Võru County


title: Building at 1210–1214 Main Street

text:
Building at 1210–1214 Main Street, also known as Capitol Café, is a historic commercial building located at Columbia, South Carolina. It was built by 1871, and is a two-story, seven bay, stuccoed brick building.  A cast-iron railing extends across central three bays of the second floor. The Capitol Café was previously located in the building since 1913.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.

References

Commercial buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Buildings and structures completed in 1871
Buildings and structures in Columbia, South Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in Columbia, South Carolina


title: Bill Johnson (blues musician)

text:
Bill Johnson (born in Halifax, Nova Scotia) is a Canadian blues guitarist, singer-songwriter and music educator. After a long career as a sideman and guitarist in the 1990s, he began touring with The Bill Johnson Band. They released their second album, Live, in 2006, which led to Johnson being nominated for Best Guitarist at the Maple Blues Awards. He self-released his third solo album, Still Blue, in 2010, which was nominated for Blues Album of the Year at the Juno Awards of 2012. Johnson continues to tour and has hosted blues workshops throughout Canada.

Early life
William Lloyd Johnson was born in Halifax, Nova Scotia. Two years later he and his family moved to Ottawa, Ontario. He comes from an artistic family, and his mother is Dorothy Oxborough, a notable painter from Victoria, British Columbia. At an early age Johnson would listen to his older brother's collection of blues records, and he has cited his earliest musical interests as Hank Williams, Elvis Presley, The Rolling Stones, Eric Clapton, and in particular Chuck Berry. Johnson has stated, "Chuck Berry was the one that did it for me. Chuck made me want to play guitar." Johnson moved with his family to Victoria when he was nine years old. Uprooted from his friends, Johnson began playing guitar that year, soon excelling in his music classes. He started working as a professional guitarist at age fifteen, and spent most of his teens playing local gigs and studying guitar.

Music career

Early years
Bill Johnson played with a number of different bands throughout the 1970s and 1980s, not sticking to one particular genre. In the mid-1980s, however, he began to focus on the blues, studying musicians such as B.B. King, Elmore James, and T-Bone Walker. He also performed with artists such as Alligator Records' Son Seals. In the 1990s he played with the Sidewalk Blues Band with Doug Cox, and in 1993 formed his own The Bill Johnson Blues Band. Early on, the band opened for musicians such as Otis Rush and Delbert McClinton, and toured Scandinavia with the Lebeau Petersen Band.

He moved to Calgary, Alberta in 1996, and while there he was featured in recordings by Donald Ray Johnson. He also played as a member of the house band at the King Edward Hotel, and had stints as a sideman with musicians such as Dutch Mason, Hubert Sumlin, Son Seals, and Cash McCall. In 1998, he collaborated with Texan blues musician Don Johnson on the album Donald Ray. In 1999 Johnson moved back to Victoria, British Columbia, to be near his family and to pursue a full-time recording career.

Solo albums
Johnson's first solo album, 'Why I Sing the Blues, was a collaboration with a number of North American poets. In 2006 he released his first live album, titled simply Live, or The Bill Johnson Blues Band Live. In 2006 the Toronto Blues Society nominated Johnson for a Maple Blues Award for Best Guitarist.  He self-released the album Worksongs in 2007, singing and playing solo acoustic guitar.

He self-released his third album, Still Blue, in October 2010. For Still Blue, Rick Erickson contributed bass, John Hunter drums, and Darcy Philips keyboards, with all three musicians at times also contributing to Johnson's vocals. Johnson's long-term collaborator Joby Baker produced the album. In 2010 Johnson was awarded a Blewzy Award for Best Song for the album's track "Half the Man," as well as a Blewzy for Best Blues CD for Still Blue. At the 2011 Maple Blues Awards show, he was nominated for Recording of the Year, Electric Act of the Year and Songwriter of the Year. Still Blue was nominated for Blues Album of the Year at the Juno Awards of 2012. He performed "Half the Man" at the 2012 Maple Blues Awards.

2012–present

By January 2012 he was signed to Woodrock Music Canada. He appeared in the play The Life of Willie Mae Thornton with film and music star Jackie Richardson and performed the underscoring live. Early that year he toured British Columbia, playing at the North Vancouver Island Music Festival. Later in 2012 he toured Ontario and he ended the year with another tour of British Columbia. He toured Ontario again in the beginning of 2013, including the Blues Summit VI in Toronto. Gigs in Alberta, British Columbia, Ontario, and Quebec.
In 2016 Johnson released his latest CD Cold Outside.

As an educator he has hosted blues workshops throughout Canada, covering topics such as motivating improvement in mature players, rhythm guitar in traditional songs, slide guitar, and constructing blues solos.

Style, equipment

Primarily a blues musician, Johnson fuses many eras of the genre with rock, country, and jazz. He regularly performs either as a solo act with an acoustic guitar or with a backing band. Beyond guitar and vocals he also plays harmonica. He draws on influences as diverse as Robert Johnson, Mississippi John Hurt, Lonnie Johnson, Chuck Berry, Muddy Waters, T-Bone Walker, Eric Clapton, BB King, and slide guitarists David Lindley and Sonny Landreth. According to the Musicians Association of Victoria and the Islands, "for years he has honed his craft in bars, clubs, festivals and concerts and has achieved a worldly perspective that gives his blues the kind of soul that speaks with authenticity."

In terms of instruments, Johnson is known to regularly use a blonde Gibson ES-335, a Fender Telecaster, and an unusually modified Mexican Stratocaster used for slide only. He is regularly seen playing a Martin D-28 acoustic guitar and a National Tricone resonator guitar. He is known to use Hohner Harmonicas, High Spirit Native Flutes, and has espoused amplifiers and effects made by designer Mark Stephenson, though he often uses vintage Fender amplifiers as well. In 2016 Bill Johnson received an artist endorsement with K&K Sound, a manufacturer of pickups, microphones, and preamps for acoustic instruments.

Personal life
Johnson lives in Victoria, British Columbia

Discography

Albums

EPs

Singles

As sideman

Awards and nominations

See also
Juno Awards of 2012

References

External links

BillJohnsonBlues.com
Bill Johnson on Bandcamp
Bill Johnson on Twitter

Musicians from Halifax, Nova Scotia
Canadian blues guitarists
Canadian male guitarists
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)


title: Séverine Eraud

text:
Séverine Eraud (born 24 February 1995) is a French racing cyclist, who currently rides for UCI Women's Continental Team . She became junior world champion in the time trial at the 2013 UCI Road World Championships as well as European champion in the time trial at the 2013 European Road Championships.

Major results

2012
 1st  Time trial, National Junior Road Championships
2013
 UCI Junior Road World Championships
1st  Time trial
7th Road race
 UEC European Junior Road Championships
1st  Time trial
2nd  Road race
 National Junior Road Championships
1st  Time trial
2nd Road race
 1st Chrono des Nations (junior)
2014
 2nd  Time trial, UEC European Under-23 Road Championships
 3rd Time trial, National Under-23 Road Championships
2015
 National Under-23 Road Championships
2nd Road race
2nd Time trial
 5th Overall Tour Cycliste Féminin International de l'Ardèche
 6th Overall Tour de Feminin-O cenu Českého Švýcarska
1st  Young rider classification
2016
 National Under-23 Road Championships
1st  Time trial
3rd Road race
 UEC European Road Championships
3rd  Under-23 road race
9th Under-23 time trial
10th Road race
 9th Chrono des Nations
2017
 National Road Championships
1st  Under-23 time trial
2nd Time trial
 5th Time trial, UEC European Under-23 Road Championships
 7th Overall Tour de Feminin-O cenu Českého Švýcarska
1st  Young rider classification
2018
 1st Flanders Ladies Classic
 3rd Time trial, National Road Championships
2019
 1st  Time trial, Military World Games
 1st  Time trial, National Road Championships
 5th Overall Tour de Feminin-O cenu Českého Švýcarska
 6th Overall Tour de Bretagne Féminin
2020
 7th Vuelta a la Comunitat Valenciana Feminas
2022
 5th La Classique Morbihan

References

External links

1995 births
Living people
French female cyclists
People from Châteaubriant
Cyclists at the 2015 European Games
European Games competitors for France
Cyclists from Loire-Atlantique
21st-century French women


title: Klein Warnow station

text:
Klein Warnow station (called Wendisch Warnow until 1938) is a former station on the Berlin–Hamburg railway in the town of Klein Warnow in the German state of Brandenburg. The station was most important during its first 20 years of operation after its opening in 1846/47, when it was the Prussian border station at the border with Mecklenburg. Since the abandonment of passenger services in 1993, the station has only served corporate purposes. The station building and a number of other buildings have heritage protection.

Location

The station is located at kilometre 154.8 of the Berlin–Hamburg railway in the village of Klein Warnow, which is now in the municipality of Karstädt in the Brandenburg district of Prignitz. A few hundred metres north-west of the station the railway crosses the Meynbach, the historical border of Mecklenburg and forming the present border of the state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. It is about a km away to the village of Hühnerland in Mecklenburg and seven km to the nearest town, Grabow. The municipal town of Karstädt is about ten km to the south.

History

Although only a few people lived in Wendisch Warnow, a railway station was built there because of its location on the border of Mecklenburg. On 15 October 1846, the first stage of the Berlin–Hamburg railway was opened between Berlin and Boizenburg (then spelt Boitzenburg). Just a month ago before the "regulations on the treatment of the transport of commodities and materials on the Berlin–Hamburg railway in terms of customs" had been released on 11 September 1846 with the relevant provisions for the customs clearance of trains at the border of Mecklenburg. A customs office was opened in Wendisch Warnow, which was subordinate to the main customs office on the road in Warnow (now Groß Warnow). There was an additional main customs office for rail traffic in Wittenberge.

On 15 December 1846, passenger services were extended to Hamburg and freight traffic began in the new year. Originally, the station in Wendisch Warnow served only for the carrying out of customs formalities, but it was released after a short time, probably as early as 1847, for public transport.

In passenger transport, passengers were checked on the train between Wendisch Warnow and Wittenberge and their luggage had to be stowed in the baggage car with the exception of hand luggage before reaching Wendisch Warnow. Freight traffic was checked at the stations in Wendisch Warnow, Wittenberge and Berlin. Wendisch Warnow was primarily responsible for the control and taxation of cattle imported into Prussia. In 1855, 16,019 head of cattle were checked in Wendisch Warnow; a year earlier, only 5,678 head of cattle had been handled. It was said in relation to this significant increase at Wendisch Warnow and the adjacent border crossing on the road:

Because of customs clearance formalities, all trains running between Berlin and Hamburg stopped in Wendisch Warnow. In the 1855 timetable, Wendisch Warnow station was served by seven pairs of passenger trains each day, including the fast mail train.

With the formation of the North German Confederation and Mecklenburg and Lübeck joining the Zollverein (customs union) in 1868, the border and customs formalities became unnecessary. On 28 August 1868, the Prussian Ministry of Finance announced that on "the day on which totally free circulation of goods commences with Mecklenburg and Lübeck" the customs office in Wendisch Warnow would be closed. The main customs office in Warnow was also closed.

The station rapidly lost importance. It had the lowest patronage on the Berlin–Hamburg line in 1868 with 4,631 passengers at the station. However, there were two residences of officials at the station. Freight operations at the station were usually insignificant after the end of the customs border. In 1867, it was announced that a branch line would be built from station to the nearby lignite mines of St. Paul and Walter, the first "direct rail connection" in the RegierungsbezirkPotsdam (an administrative district then surrounding Berlin). However, the pits were closed in 1870 because the poor quality lignite could not be sold.

Wendisch Warnow was subsequently served only by some of the passenger trains with four pairs of trains a day stopping there in the 1880s. Approximately this frequency of service remained for more than a hundred years, with a slight increase in the period between the world wars until the end of passenger services.

The village and station of Wendisch Warnow were renamed Klein (small) Warnow in 1937. The railway line was electrified through the station in 1987. Passenger services at the station ended in 1994; freight had been abandoned in 1976. Since the upgrade of the line the station no longer serves the public, although its tracks are still used for operational purposes.

Infrastructure

The station building is a two-story building with a low-pitched gable roof, consisting of five portals on its long side and three portals in the transverse direction. On the ground floor, the wall behind the platform continues to the southeast to connect with the goods shed. The style corresponds to the other station buildings on the Berlin–Hamburg railway that were designed by Friedrich Neuhaus and Ferdinand Wilhelm Holz. The platform roof in front of station building and the goods shed are no longer maintained.

Southeast of the station building is an official residence of the railway, which has a similar design to the station building. Continuing south on the village street there are two other houses for rail officials nearby. A number of smaller outbuildings complete the ensemble.

Since 2005, the station has had heritage protection. The protected ensemble is "Klein Warnow station, consisting of entrance building, goods sheds, three official residences, four outbuildings, oven and the paving on the forecourt".

The station building and the adjacent residential building for officials are empty; the other two houses and some of the outbuildings are privately used (as of the summer of 2013). The meadow on the village street includes the listed oven, a more than century-old bush oven (Buschbackofen), which was built by the Groß Warnow village association. An oven festival (Backofenfest) is held here every year.

The station originally had a main platform next to the entrance building and the island platform for trains heading north could be reached from this. Today, the complex consists of the two through tracks and a passing loop on the northeast side with connecting sets of points.

References

Railway stations in Brandenburg
Neoclassical architecture in Germany
Railway stations in Germany opened in 1846
1846 establishments in Prussia
Buildings and structures in Prignitz


title: Building at 1644 Main Street

text:
The Building at 1644 Main Street, also known as Tapp's Department Store, is a historic commercial building located at Columbia, South Carolina. It was built in 1940, and enlarged in 1950.  It is a five- to seven-story, Depression Modern building faced in stucco and dark tremolite stone.  Above the main entrance is a distinctive clock face and a sign with large freestanding letters. Tapp's Department Store closed in 1995.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.

References

Commercial buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Commercial buildings completed in 1940
Buildings and structures in Columbia, South Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in Columbia, South Carolina
Moderne architecture in South Carolina


title: Adanson system

text:
The Adanson system, published by French botanist Michel Adanson as the Familles des plantes in two volumes in 1763, was an important step in botanical nomenclature by establishing the ordering of genera into families.

Michel Adanson listed 58 families, divided by sections, for the 1615 genera known to him. He gave these both French and Latin names. The system was completed by Antoine Laurent de Jussieu in 1789.

Plant families
Adanson's listing (Pages 1-7 of Part II) of families is as follows (with page numbers of families together with sections and genera in parentheses).Note spelling varies throughout text. The detailed descriptions of families are separately paginated, and shown here in italics, after the Latin names. Some families shown with sections (note not all sections were named, some were just described).

 Bissus (page 8) Byssi
 Champignons Fungi 4
 Fucus Fuci 12
 Epatikes Hepaticae 14
 Foujeres Filices 16
 Palmiers Palmae 22
 Gramens Gramina 26
 Liliasees (page 9) Liliaceae 42
 Junci 46
 Lilia
 Scillae
 Cepae
 Asparagi 51
 Hyacinthi 52
 Narcissi 55
 Irides 58
 Jenjanbres Zingiberes 61
 Orchis Orchides 68
 Aristoloches Aristolochiae 71
 Eleagnus Elaeagni 77
 Onagres Onagrae 81
 Mirtes (page 10) Myrti 86
 Ombelliferes Umbelletae 89
 Composees Compositae 103
 Campanules (page 11) Campanulae 132
 Briones Bryoniae 135
 Aparines Aparines 140
 Scabieuses Scabiosae 148
 Chevrefeuilles Caprifolia 153
 Aireles Vaccinia 160
 Apocins Apocyna 167
 Bouraches Borragines 173
 Labiees (page 12) Labiatae 180
 Vervenes Verbenae 195
 Personees Personatae 202
 Solanons Solana 215
 Jasmins Jasmina 220
 Anagallis (page 13) Anagallides 227
 Salikaires Salicariae 232
 Pourpiers Portulacae 235
 Joubarbes Seda 246
 Alsines Alsines 250
 Blitons Blita 258
 Jalaps Jalapae 263
 Amarantes Amaranthi 266
 Espargoutes Spergulae 270
 Persikaires Persicariae 273
 Garou (page 14) Thymelaeae 278
 Rosiers Rosae 286
 Jujubiers Zizyphi 297
 Legumineuses Leguminosae 306
 Pistachiers (page 15) Pistaciae 332
 Titimales Tithymali 346
 Anones Anonae 359
 Chataigners Castaneae 366
 Tilleuls Tiliae 378
 Geranions Gerania 384
 Mauves Malvae 390
 Capriers Capparides 402
 Cruciferes (page 16) Cruciferae 409
 Pavots Papavera 425
 Cistes Cisti 434
 Renoncules Ranunculi 451
 Arons Ara 461
 Pins (page 17) Pinus 473
 Mousses Musci 482

Notes

References

Bibliography

Adanson system