title: Events and festivals in Gjakova

text:
Events and festivals in Gjakova are highly valued if not great in number. The historical city of Gjakova, Kosovo, especially the Old Bazaar (Çarshia), is the hub of many outdoor and indoor festivals, cultural events and street parades, and is a main attraction for tourists. Many events only take place once, while others are organised regularly on an annual basis by festival societies. Some of the events are organised by the city and others by private companies.

The list below shows the main events and festivals in Gjakova.

Events

100 Thousand Poets For Change

100 Thousand Poets for Change is an international educational organization focusing on the arts, especially poetry, music, and the literary arts. 100 Thousand Poets for Change started in 2011 in Gjakova, organized by the National Center of Poets, Writers and Artists (Q.K.P.SH.A 'Gjakova'). The gathering is held over two days in September, during which there are literary hours and cultural meetings. A co-event organized by Pegasi Internacional Albania-Kosova recognizes artists and writers with awards for their cultural contributions, as selected by a professional jury. The gathering attracts poets who want to make positive changes on society with their works.

Accapello

Accapello is an international gathering of female choirs, organized by the music school Prenk Jakova. The first edition was held on 29–31 January 2014. On the first evening, its program presented the choir of the school Prenk Jakova and the female choir Nerazdelni from Kyustendi, Bulgaria, with lead conductor Wesela Petrova. On the second night, the festival presented female choir Wox Art from Pristina with lead conductor Ylber Asllanaj, and a mixed choir from Ferizaj. On the third night, the festival presented the female choir Polifonia from Sofia, with lead conductor Judmilla Gerova.

BarCamp Gjakova

BarCamp Gjakova is a recurrent event which attracts people to hear experts speak on a subject, the theme of which changes at each gathering. More than 120 people gathered in Gjakova for the first BarCamp organized in this city. BarCamp Gjakova is organized by Active Civilian Community (Komuniteti Aktiv Qytetar – KAQ) and supported by IPKO Foundation.

Building Europe at Home

Building Europe at Home was an event organized by CeLIM, Gjakova Youth Center, She Era and Municipality of Gjakova, held from 7 to 9 May 2015. The event was based on emphasizing peace and unity among European states. During these days many activities took place: seminars, NGO (non-governmental organization) fair, scavenger hunts, cinema, art activities for children, information events, and mural art. The overall objective of the project was to increase the awareness of young Kosovars between 15 and 29 years of age to the existence of valid opportunities to build their futures in Kosovo. The action was aimed specifically to underline the importance of volunteerism, the social function of culture and art in the evolutionary path of a democratic society, and to inform about work and international mobility opportunities offered by foreign programs and organizations. The first day put the focus entirely on active citizenship and volunteerism, the second day on international mobility and employment, while the third day was dedicated to art and culture.

DigiGjakova

DigiGjakova was a competition that aimed to create solutions that would solve some of the citizens' problems. Software developers gathered for an intense weekend of application development from 21 to 22 November 2015. Its goals were to improve the process of recruiting, the visualization of the budget, and the controlling of invoices. Participants were mentored by eight technology professionals. The three best projects were awarded €4,000 to continue development. The project was supported by The Municipality of Gjakova, Swiss Cooperation Office in Kosovo, BONEVET Centre, and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). The competition aimed to contribute directly to increased transparency at the local level and promote civic engagement in terms of providing solutions.

Crowdsourcing Week Summit

Local and international speakers gathered in Gjakova for a one-day conference to share how crowdsourcing is reshaping industries and transforming organizations. It was held on 1 October 2015. Over 10 different crowdsourcing industry experts and practitioners showed how crowdsourcing and the crowd economy can truly reinvigorate cities, accelerate entrepreneurship and engage citizens and local communities. This event was organized in partnership with BONEVET, Kosovo's leading non-profit Makerspace. The summit consisted of an interactive day of learning and case-studies for entrepreneurs, cities, governments, and communities to understand the opportunities within the crowd economy, and a meaningful conversation about how it can specifically be applied in Gjakova.

Festivals

Përralla

Përralla is a music festival which has been held annually in the park of Shkugëz in Gjakovë. The first edition was held during 9–10 May 2014. In 2015, Përralla was held from 7–10 May. The festival featured local singers, bands, DJs and prominent Kosovar musicians.

Gjakova Film Festival

Gjakova Film Festival is an international short-film festival. This festival is organized in cooperation of the Culture Department of Gjakova and the Association of the Writers and Artists 'Etuta'. This festival was first held in March 2012. The winner of the first event was a movie from Czech Republic, "Bridge", directed by William Zabka. 11 prizes were awarded at the festival, two of which featured the well-known actress Arta Dobroshi. The second event was held on 21–24 March 2013, on the cultural palace 'Asim Vokshi'. During this event, 24 short selections were shown from 20 different movies. The first prize went to the Bulgarian movie "Travel Trip" of Radostina Naikova. A special prize went to "Kolona" by Ujkan Hysa, which had been recognized in many different international film festivals.  The third annual event was held from 21 to 23 March, during which many movies from different states of the world were shown.

Komedia Fest

Komedia Fest is a comedy festival which ran from 17 March to 23 September 2012, and has been held every year since then. The festival's main center of activity was the Old Bazaar in Gjakovë. Many different plays are put on stage by national theatrical troupes, mostly from the genre of comedy, with the addition of music concerts, handicraft fairs, and art exhibitions. Theatrical troupes from The National Theatre of Prishtina, The Comedy Theatre of Tirana, The Theatres of Fier, Skopje and Tetovo have taken part. Albanian representatives of arts and culture from Italy, Montenegro, and Çamëria were guests of Komedia Fest. Its main focus is promoting the city's cultural heritage and artistic values. The second edition was held from 9 to 15 September 2013. The third edition of Komedia Fest, held from 6 to 14 September 2014, had risen to an international level and incorporated performances from European guests throughout the days. There was a sense of rising awareness for other institutions of cultural heritage, focusing activities in the Ethnographic Museum of Gjakova. During these days of performance activities, artists and festival guests had a chance to interact and discuss many different issues related to the genre of comedy. This edition was also included a program of animated comedy movies, screened on the museum wall. This project has been identified in the Local Cultural Heritage Plan of Gjakova, and was implemented by NGO "National Comedy Festival" as part of the initiative "Culture Days in Gjakova" held during 2014, financed jointly by CHwB Kosovo, Municipality of Gjakova and other partners.

Radio Fest

Radio Fest presents the achievements of radio stations in reporting and publicity spots, with the aim of stimulating the creativity of radio workers.  Included are local and national radio stations from Kosovo and across Albania. Radio Fest was first organized in November 2005, and has developed into a traditional event.

Lyra Fest

Lyra Fest is a traditional and national festival of children's song, hosting child participants from all areas where the Albanian language is spoken, allowing children between the ages 6 and 13 to compete. It has been held since November 2007, in cultural palace 'Asim Vokshi', in Gjakova.

International Poetry Meeting

Poets from Gjakova led by Din Mehmeti (1932–2010) organized the first Meeting of the Poetry in November 1964, on the City Park, where works were read by poets including Din Mehmeti, Enver Gjerqeku, Ali Olloni, and Ganimete Nura.
This led to the creation of the literary club Gjon Nikolle Kazazi on the 19 April 1966.  The club organized a wider gathering to be held annually on 9 May.
The 1968 edition coincided with the 500th anniversary of the death of Gjergj Kastrioti-Skenderbeu, a national figure and subject of many Albanian poems.
Since 1983, Gjon Nikolle Kazazi decided to give a prize for the best poem, first won by "Esad Mekuli".

The meeting was not held in 1989 due to cultural events being forbidden.  During the years 1993–1995, the Meeting was displaced to Pristina, on the offices of the Kosovo Writers League, due to continued repression by Serbian institutions in Gjakova. The meeting returned to Gjakova from 1996 to 1997, but was suspended in 1998 due to war.  Following the war, in 1999, the literary club resumed the meeting, held in the war ruins of Old Carshia in Gjakova.

In 2011, it was decided that the main prize would be named in memory of Din Mehmeti, who died the previous year.
The Meeting still continues, and it is the only one of this kind in an Albanian-speaking territory. In 2013, the main prize was won by an Israeli poet.  2014 was its 50th jubilee anniversary.

References

Gjakova
Festivals in Kosovo
Events in Kosovo


title: Woody Allen bibliography

text:
The following is a list of published (and some unpublished) works by or about the American film director Woody Allen.

Books
Getting Even (1971),
Without Feathers (1975),
Side Effects (1980),
 The Insanity Defense: The Complete Prose. New York: Random House Trade Paperbacks, 2007, .
Mere Anarchy (2007),
 Apropos of Nothing (2020), New York: Arcade Publishing
 Zero Gravity (2022), New York: Arcade Publishing

Compilation
The Complete Prose of Woody Allen: Without feathers, Getting even and Side effects (1991)

Interviews
 Woody Allen on Woody Allen: In Conversation with Stig Björkman (2005)
Woody Allen: Interviews (2006)

Chapbook
Lunatic's Tale (1986),  (Short story previously included in Side Effects.)

The New Yorker pieces
Since 1966, Allen has written more than 38 humorous pieces for The New Yorker.

Plays

Biography

Critical studies

Woody Allen: Conversations with Filmmakers Series, ed. R. E. Kapsis and K. Coblentz, (2006)
 Ava Cahen, Woody Allen : Profession : cynique, L'Archipel, 2015 ()
 Brook, Vincent and Grinberg, Marat (Eds.): Woody on Rye. Jewishness in the films and plays of Woody Allen, Brandeis University Press, 2014
Essay by Victoria Loy on Woody Allen's career, Senseofcinema.com

References

Allen, Woody
Bibliography


title: Ben Wetzler

text:
Benjamin Alen Holmes-Wetzler (born September 12, 1991) is an American professional baseball pitcher for the Fargo-Moorhead RedHawks of the American Association of Professional Baseball. He attended Oregon State University, and played for the Oregon State Beavers.

Wetzler starred for the baseball team at Clackamas High School in Clackamas, Oregon. He then enrolled at Oregon State to play for the Beavers. After his junior year, the Philadelphia Phillies selected Wetzler in the fifth round of the 2013 Major League Baseball draft. Wetzler used an agent for negotiations, against National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) rules, but "something that reportedly happens all the time". When Wetzler chose to return to Oregon State rather than sign, the Phillies reported Wetzler's violation to the NCAA.

Amateur career
Wetzler attended Clackamas High School in Clackamas, Oregon. He pitched to a 12–0 win–loss record and a 0.33 earned run average (ERA) in his senior year, as well as a complete game shutout in the Class 6A state championship game. Wetzler was named the Class 6A player of the year. He finished his high school career with a 28–3 win–loss record, a 0.87 ERA, and 342 strikeouts.

The Cleveland Indians of Major League Baseball (MLB) selected Wetzler in the 15th round of the 2010 MLB draft. He did not sign with Cleveland, and instead enrolled at Oregon State University, to play college baseball for the Oregon State Beavers baseball team. In 2012, he played collegiate summer baseball with the Falmouth Commodores of the Cape Cod Baseball League. As a junior, Wetzler pitched to a 10–1 win–loss record with a 2.25 ERA, and was named an All-Pac-12 Conference selection.

The Philadelphia Phillies selected Wetzler in the fifth round of the 2013 MLB draft, with the 151st overall selection. Wetzler did not sign, opting to return to Oregon State for his senior year. The Phillies reported Wetlzer and Jason Monda of Washington State University, their sixth round pick who also did not sign, to the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) for violating the rule against using a sports agent during financial negotiations, which is "something that reportedly happens all the time". The NCAA suspended Wetzler for 11 games, which is 20% of the Beavers' season. He made his season debut on March 2, defeating the Wright State Raiders, and then beating the Northern Illinois Huskies the next week. Weztler recorded his 31st win at the Oregon State on April 25, setting a new school record. Collegiate Baseball named Wetzler a First Team All-American.

Professional career

Miami Marlins
The Miami Marlins selected Wetzler in the ninth round, with the 257th overall selection, of the 2014 MLB draft. He signed and spent 2014 with the Batavia Muckdogs where he was 0–2 with a 2.95 ERA in 11 games started. In 2015, he played for both the Greensboro Grasshoppers and Jupiter Hammerheads where he pitched to a combined 6–7 record with a 4.55 ERA in 27 games (24 starts), and in 2016, he returned to Greensboro and Jupiter where he posted a 7–2 record, 1.18 ERA, and 0.99 WHIP in 35 games (34 relief appearances). Wetzler spent 2017 with Jupiter where he collected a 1–6 record and 4.17 ERA in 73.1 innings pitched. He began the 2018 season split between Jupiter and the Double-A Jacksonville Jumbo Shrimp, and was released by the organization on June 27, 2018, after allowing 7 earned runs in 11.1 innings.

Los Angeles Dodgers
On July 6, 2018, Holmes signed a minor league contract with the Los Angeles Dodgers. He split the remainder of the 2018 season between the High-A Rancho Cucamonga Quakes and the Double-A Tulsa Drillers, recording a 2.82 ERA in Tulsa and a 1.06 ERA with the Quakes. He split 2019 between the Triple-A Oklahoma City Dodgers and Tulsa, pitching to a 2–4 record and 5.31 ERA with 64 strikeouts in 61.0 innings of work. Wetzler did not play in a game in 2020 due to the cancellation of the minor league season because of the COVID-19 pandemic. He was released by the Dodgers organization on July 1, 2020.

Chicago Cubs
On February 23, 2021, Wetzler signed a minor league contract with the Chicago Cubs organization. He was assigned to the Triple-A Iowa Cubs to begin the season. He made two starts for Iowa, struggling to an 0–1 record and 6.52 ERA with 9 strikeouts in 9.2 innings pitched. He was released by the Cubs on June 24, 2022.

Milwaukee Milkmen
On July 15, 2022, Holmes signed with the Milwaukee Milkmen of the American Association of Professional Baseball. Holmes made 11 appearances (4 starts) for Milwaukee down the stretch, logging a 4–0 record and 6.03 ERA with 27 strikeouts in 37.1 innings pitched.

Chicago White Sox
On March 14, 2023, prior to the start of the American Association season, Holmes’ contract was purchased by the Chicago White Sox organization. In 31 combined appearances between the Double–A Birmingham Barons and Triple–A Charlotte Knights, he accumulated a 2–6 record and 5.25 ERA with 42 strikeouts and 4 saves in 36.0 innings of work. On July 25, Holmes was released by Chicago.

Fargo-Moorhead RedHawks
On August 26, 2023, Holmes signed with the Fargo-Moorhead RedHawks of the American Association of Professional Baseball.

Personal
In 2001, Wetzler was named the junior champion in sheep showing at the Clackamas County fair.

References

External links

Living people
1991 births
All-American college baseball players
Baseball players from Portland, Oregon
Baseball pitchers
Oregon State Beavers baseball players
Falmouth Commodores players
Batavia Muckdogs players
Greensboro Grasshoppers players
Jupiter Hammerheads players
People from Clackamas, Oregon
Jacksonville Jumbo Shrimp players
Rancho Cucamonga Quakes players
Tulsa Drillers players
Glendale Desert Dogs players
Oklahoma City Dodgers players
Iowa Cubs players
Milwaukee Milkmen players
Birmingham Barons players
Charlotte Knights players


title: Indian Guides

text:
Indian Guides or variant may refer to:
 a guide for the bush, or from a native population

Military
 Corps of Guides (India)

Children's Guiding
 YMCA Indian Guides, the former name of Adventure Guides, an outdoor youth program
 a girl guide/scout in/from India, see Scouting and Guiding in India
 a girl guide/scout who is American Indian, see American Indian Scouting Association

Other
 the 1927 Indian Guide Monument, a monument in Peabody, Kansas, USA

See also
 Indian (disambiguation)
 Guide (disambiguation)
 Indian scout (disambiguation)


title: Charles E. Browne

text:
Charles E. Browne (January 16, 1816 – October 1, 1895) was an American pioneer and territorial legislator.

Born in Granville, New York, Browne lived in Troy, New York and New York City; he then taught school in Chicago, Illinois, in 1835. In 1836, he went to Milwaukee, Michigan Territory and settled in Granville, Michigan Territory. He was involved in town government serving as supervisor and school commissioner. He was doorkeeper and sergeant at arms for the Wisconsin Territorial Legislature. Then in 1845, he served in the Wisconsin Territorial House of Representatives as a Democrat. In 1865, he moved to Evanston, Illinois and was a trustee. Brown also was field representative for Northwestern Life Insurance Company in Grand Rapids, Michigan. He died at his family's house in Glencoe, Illinois, in 1895.

His brother, Edward L. Browne, was a member of the Wisconsin State Senate and his nephew, Edward E. Browne, was a member of the United States House of Representatives.

Notes

1816 births
1895 deaths
People from Granville, Wisconsin
Politicians from Evanston, Illinois
People from Granville, New York
Wisconsin Democrats
Members of the Wisconsin Territorial Legislature
Politicians from Troy, New York
19th-century American politicians


title: Google Drawings

text:
Google Drawings is a diagramming software included as part of the free, web-based Google Docs Editors suite offered by Google. The service also includes Google Docs, Google Sheets, Google Slides, Google Forms, Google Sites, and Google Keep. Google Drawings is available as a web application and as a desktop application on Google's ChromeOS. The app allows users to create and edit flowcharts, organisational charts, website wireframes, mind maps, concept maps, and other types of diagrams online while collaborating with other users in real-time.

It allows importing images from the computer or from the Web as well as inserting shapes, arrows, scribbles and text from predefined templates. Objects can be moved, resized and rotated. The software also allows for basic editing of images, including cropping, applying masks and adding borders. Other features include laying out drawings precisely with alignment guides, snapping to grid, and auto-distribution. Unlike many of the other software in the Google Docs Editors suite, Google Drawings does not have its own dedicated home, as visiting the Google Drawings URL creates a new document.

Drawings can be inserted into other Google documents, spreadsheets, or presentations. They can also be published online as images or downloaded in standard formats such as JPEG, SVG, PNG, or PDF.

History
Google Drawings was originally introduced on April 12, 2010, as Google Docs Drawings.

On August 1, 2011, Google announced that users would be able to copy and paste graphic elements between different Google Drawings.

On January 7, 2019, Google added embeds of Google Drawings files to Google Docs.

References

Cloud applications
Drawings
2010 software
Drawings
Computer-related introductions in 2010
Google Docs Editors
Diagramming software


title: T8AA-FM

text:
T8AA-FM (87.9 MHz) is a radio station broadcasting from Koror, Palau. T8AA-FM is owned by the Government of Palau and co-owned with T8AA. T8AA-FM calls itself the "Voice of Palau."

External links

Koror
Radio stations in Palau


title: Elsie Lane

text:
Elsie Lane was an English tennis player active during the last decade of the 19th century and the first decade of the 20th century.

She was the daughter of Wilmot Lane, a barrister-at-law who had been a civil servant in India. She played frequently at the German Ladies Championships. In 1898 the tournament was played in Bad Homburg and she won the singles title against compatriot Toupie Lowther after a "brilliant, albeit erratic, Toupée (sic) Lowther who had abandoned her usual play in favour of an uninspired game from base line in two straight sets." In 1904 she won her second German Championships title, this time played in Hamburg at the Eisbahn-Verein auf der Uhlenhorst, after defeating Lucie Bergmann in the final. The following year, 1905, she won the title for the third time after a straight sets win in the final against Käthe Krug.

In September 1897 she was a runner-up in the Sussex Challenge cup, losing in straight sets in the final to Charlotte Cooper Sterry.  In July 1906 she won the mixed doubles title at the Marienbad Championship with Anthony Wilding.

She was the sister of tennis player Hilda Lane.

Singles finals

Wins (3)

References

British female tennis players
19th-century births
1948 deaths
Year of birth missing
Place of birth missing


title: Plocamopherus amboinensis

text:
Plocamopherus amboinensis is a species of sea slug, a nudibranch, a shell-less marine gastropod mollusk in the family Polyceridae.

Distribution
This species was described from Ambon Island, Indonesia.

References

Bergh, L.S.R. 1890. Die Nudibranchien des ‘‘Sunda-Meeres’’. Malacologische Untersuchungen. In: Reisen im Archipel der Philippinen von Dr. Carl Gottfried Semper. Zweiter Theil. Wissenschaftliche Resultate. Band 2, Theil 3, Heft 17, pp. 873–992, pls. 885–889.

Polyceridae
Gastropods described in 1890


title: John Hurrion

text:
John Hurrion (1675?–1731) was an English Independent minister.

Life
From a Suffolk family, he trained for the ministry among the Independents. About 1696 he succeeded William Bedbank at Denton, Norfolk. There he engaged in a controversy on Christology with William Manning, a Socinian minister at Peasenhall, Suffolk.

He took on the parish of St Mary Denton in Norfolk in 1696 - which was is a poor state. He was known for not visiting his parishioners and spending his time studying. However he married whilst there and he was well respected by other ministers and his oratory brought the parish church into more popularity.

Hurrion moved to Hare Court Chapel in London in 1724, but suffered from poor health, and neglected his congregation. In 1726 he was chosen one of the Merchants' lecturers at Pinners' Hall. Hurrion was throughout his life, studious, reclusive and sedentary. He died on 31 December 1731 in London of dropsy.

Works
Hurrion's published works included, with single sermons:

 The Knowledge of Christ and him Crucified … applied in eight Sermons, London, 1727.
 The Knowledge of Christ glorified, opened and applied in twelve Sermons, London, 1729.
 The Scripture Doctrine of the proper Divinity, real Personality, and the External and Extraordinary Works of the Holy Spirit … defended in sixteen Sermons, London, 1734.
 The Scripture Doctrine of Particular Redemption stated and vindicated in four Sermons, London, 1773.
 Sermons preached at the Merchants' Lectures, Pinners' Hall, London, Bristol, 1819.
 The whole Works of … John Hurrion, edited with memoir by Abraham Taylor, London, 1823, 3 vols.

Family
Hurrion married about 1696 Jane, daughter of Samuel Baker of Wattisfield Hall, Suffolk. They had two sons who survived him; both entered the Independent ministry.

Notes

Attribution

1675 births
1731 deaths
English Congregationalist ministers
People from Denton, Norfolk


title: Valentin Furdui

text:
Valentin Furdui (born 1 September 1987) is a Moldovan footballer who plays for Spartanii Selemet as a midfielder.

Career
Furdui had his FC Sheriff Tiraspol contract cancelled by mutual consent on 18 June 2014. Going on to sign for Kazakhstan Premier League side FC Kaisar in early July of the same year.

References

1987 births
Living people
Moldovan men's footballers
Moldovan expatriate men's footballers
Men's association football midfielders
Kazakhstan Premier League players
FC Rapid Ghidighici players
FC Sfîntul Gheorghe players
FC Zimbru Chișinău players
FC Milsami Orhei players
FC Sheriff Tiraspol players
FC Kaisar players
Moldovan Super Liga players
Expatriate men's footballers in Kazakhstan
Moldovan expatriate sportspeople in Kazakhstan


title: The Indian Ideology

text:
The Indian Ideology is a 2012 book by the British Marxist historian Perry Anderson, published by Three Essays Collective. A near-polemical critique of the modern Indian nation-building project, the book consists of three essays originally published in the London Review of Books (LRB) in July–August 2012.

Description

In the first essay, "Independence", Anderson criticises M. K. Gandhi's role in the Indian independence movement, specifically his injection of religion into it to mobilise the masses. In "Partition", Anderson places the blame for the bloody Partition of India on the Hindu-dominated Indian National Congress, arguing that its claim to be the sole representative for all Indians led to the inevitable rise of the Muslim League and the two-nation theory. "Republic", the third and final essay, criticises independent India's first prime minister, Jawaharlal Nehru, and his legacy—a deeply unequal republic dominated by his descendants, where caste and religion remain entrenched in civic life.

Asked by Praful Bidwai in an interview to sum up The Indian Ideology, Anderson said the book "advances five main arguments that run counter to conventional wisdom in India today":

Firstly, that the idea of a subcontinental unity stretching back six thousand years is a myth. Secondly, that Gandhi’s injection of religion into the national movement was ultimately a disaster for it. Thirdly, that primary responsibility for Partition lay not with the Raj, but Congress. Fourthly, that Nehru’s legacy to Republic was far more ambiguous than his admirers will admit. Lastly, that Indian democracy is not contradicted by caste inequality, but rather enabled by it.

Gandhi: A Political and Spiritual Life by Kathryn Tidrick became the centre of a controversy since Perry Anderson called it the most important biography in The Indian Ideology. Anderson's book criticises the statist idea of India created by Indian historians which has made Gandhi into a saint who cannot be criticised. He said in the interview given to The Outlook magazine

Reception
Following the essays' original publication, the LRB received several letters of praise as well as criticism from scholars in India and abroad. When they were collected in book form as The Indian Ideology by Three Essays Collective, a small Gurgaon-based publisher of scholarly material, the work received several reviews in the print and digital media.

Positive
Pankaj Mishra affirms that Anderson has found self-delusion in the Indian claims of uniqueness. While Anderson's critics accuse him of "quasi-imperialist condescension, Orientalist caricature and ignorance" Mishra finds that Anderson can easily slam such accusations, since he has expended even more criticism on the British ruling class. Mishra states that it is difficult to argue with Anderson's findings and is at times unanswerable on the Indian military occupation of Kashmir, leaves readers struck by the evidence of the role of the upper-caste Hindus in Indian politics and displays awkward facts about the roles of Nehru and Gandhi in the Partition of India to their admirers.

Mixed
Ravi Palat reviewed of the work as a "sure-footed" survey of the Indian independence movement and modern India, wherein Anderson debunked many liberal myths around the personalities of Gandhi and Nehru and also those around Indian democracy and unity. Palat found Anderson's insights to be incisive and praised his attention to detail. At the same time Palat faults Anderson for his recourse to the "great man" theory and eurocentric prejudices.

Negative
Associate Professor Kavita Philips from the University of California writes in Social History that Anderson's presentation is a polemical survey of modern India. Anderson collects a "dismal record" for India and attributes India's failings to ideological nationalism upheld by both Indian politicians and Indian scholars. Philips observes that many Indian scholars, both right-wing and left-wing, "turned away" from the book and even before its publication the preceding LRB essays received a "storm of criticism" from Indian scholars.

Indian historian Irfan Habib criticised the essays for its selective presentation of facts and even distortion of them, a neglect of the colonial context in which the independence movement was waged, and the bypassing of the role of Muslim League in India's partition. He regards Perry Anderson following in the footsteps of the Cambridge School historians such as Anil Seal, for example, in regarding the nationalist movement as the movement of the elites (or higher castes), ignoring its mobilisation of the peasantry and workers, its attack on untouchability, and the fundamental rights resolution adopted by Congress in 1931 in Karachi. Regarding partition, he writes, "even before the 1946 elections, the Congress had agreed to parity with the Muslim League in ministerial positions at the Centre... what more could the Congress do?" He states that the Hindu Code enacted in 1955–1956 effectively overturned two millennia of dharmashastra ideals in two years, hardly a mark of buttressing Hindu elitism as alleged by Anderson.

Nivedita Menon penned a stinging critique of the work, and was of the opinion that it should not have even passed the peer-review stage. Sudipta Kaviraj echoed similar views and deemed it to be laden with colonial bias. Partha Chaterjee found the work to be essentially childish and ignorant of developments in Indian historiography. Historian Ananya Vajpeyi had earlier critiqued Anderson's essays as a project resembling a "neo-imperial" venture, which she claimed produced a caricature of India's past.

See also
The German Ideology, the Karl Marx work whose title inspired The Indian Ideology

The following books were criticised by Anderson for "shar[ing] with the rhetoric of the state itself ... the centrality of four tropes in the official and intellectual imaginary of India":

 The Rediscovery of India by Meghnad Desai
 India after Gandhi and Makers of Modern India by Ramachandra Guha
 The Burden of Democracy by Pratap Bhanu Mehta
 The Argumentative Indian by Amartya Sen
 The Idea of India by Sunil Khilnani

References

Further reading
 Yahya Chaudhry. "The Poverty of Indian Ideology". Jacobin. 5 December 2013.
 Ananya Vajpeyi. "Retrieving a History: Why the idea of India cannot be trivially dismissed". The Caravan. 1 September 2012.
 Prabhat Patnaik. "Modern India sans the Impact of Capitalism". Economic and Political Weekly. 7 September 2013.
 Mihir S. Sharma. "Why Perry Anderson is wrong". Business Standard. 1 November 2012.
 Pankaj Mishra. "India and Ideology: Why Western Thinkers Struggle With the Subcontinent". Foreign Affairs. November/December 2013.
 Maria Misra. "The Indian Ideology". Prospect. 17 October 2013.
 Praful Bidwai. "Interview: 'Respect Gandhi If You Will, Don’t Sentimentalise Him' ". Outlook. 12 November 2012.
 Vijay Prashad. "A flawed project". Frontline. 29 December 2012 – 11 January 2013.
 "12 good reads from 2012". The Hindu. 1 January 2013.
 Dilip Simeon. " Abominable Anderson". Bargad.org. November 9, 2012.
 Antony Copley. "Contra Anderson". Gandhi Marg (quarterly journal of the Gandhi Peace Foundation). July–December 2012.
 Ravi Palat. "Book Review: The Indian Ideology". Critical Asian Studies.  Volume 45, Issue 2, 2013, pp. 323–330.

External links
The Indian Ideology at Three Essays Collective
 The essays on the London Review of Books website:
 "Gandhi Centre Stage", 5 July 2012
 "Why Partition?", 19 July 2012
 "After Nehru", 2 August 2012

2012 non-fiction books
History books about India
Indian non-fiction books


title: Selwyn Jacob

text:
Selwyn Jacob is a Canadian documentary filmmaker whose work has often explored the experiences of Black Canadians as well as other stories from Canada's multicultural communities, as both as an independent director and since 1997 as a producer with the National Film Board of Canada (NFB).

Background
Selwyn Jacob was born in Trinidad, West Indies in 1941. Jacob attended a teacher's college there before traveling to Canada in 1968 to complete a Bachelor of Education at the University of Alberta in Edmonton. While in Edmonton, he was influenced and mentored by film producer, author and broadcaster Fil Fraser. After graduation, Jacob completed a master's degree in film studies at the USC School of Cinematic Arts.

Directing
It was while teaching in Lac La Biche, Alberta in the late 1970s that Jacob had the idea for his first film: a documentary about black immigrants from Oklahoma who settled in Amber Valley, Alberta, which after several years of research was completed as We Remember Amber Valley (1984). Jacob has stated that at the time he was the only Afro-Canadian film director in the province of Alberta.

Jacob's subsequent directorial  credits include The Saint from North Battleford (1989), a portrait of Rueben Mayes; Carol's Mirror (1991), an educational film about racism and equality; Al Tasmim, a film about Canada's oldest mosque; and The Road Taken (1996), a documentary about the history of Black railway porters, which received the Canada Award from the Academy of Canadian Cinema and Television.

Producing
Jacob's interest in Black Canadian non-fiction storytelling continued as NFB producer, supplemented by a notable range of films by Asian Canadian filmmakers from Canada's western provinces, exploring their communities' culture and histories, as well. His NFB producing credits include The Journey of Lesra Martin, about Lesra Martin, a Canadian youth who helped to free Rubin "Hurricane" Carter from prison; Jeni LeGon: Living in a Great Big Way (1999), a portrait of Jeni Le Gon, a Vancouver resident who had been one of the first Black women entertainers in Hollywood to sign a long-term contract with a major Hollywood studio; John McCrae's War: In Flanders Fields (1998), a look at Canadian army doctor John McCrae, who wrote the poem, "In Flanders Fields"; Colleen Leung's Letters from Home (2001); Linda Ohama's Obāchan's Garden (2001); Ling Chiu's From Harling Point (2003), about the first Chinese cemetery in Canada; Eunhee Cha's A Tribe of One (2003); and Mighty Jerome (2010), a documentary film about African-Canadian track star Harry Jerome directed by Charles Officer.

In 2014, Jacobs produced Ninth Floor, directed by Mina Shum. The film documents a 1969 Montreal student protest against racism known as the Sir George Williams Affair, and was filmed in Montreal on the 45th anniversary of the event. It was an event Jacob had been aware of at the time, as a number of its participants had been from Trinidad—including one from his home village—and Jacob has stated that it was always his intention to make a film about the incident.

References

External links

Selwyn Jacob at the Canadian Archival Information Network

Trinidad and Tobago emigrants to Canada
Black Canadian filmmakers
Film producers from Alberta
Canadian documentary film directors
Canadian documentary film producers
National Film Board of Canada people
Canadian Screen Award winners
Film directors from Alberta
Cinema of British Columbia
University of Alberta alumni
USC School of Cinematic Arts alumni
Trinidad and Tobago film directors
Living people
1941 births


title: Plocamopherus indicus

text:
Plocamopherus indicus is a species of sea slug, a nudibranch, a shell-less marine gastropod mollusk in the family Polyceridae.

Distribution
This species was described from Ambon Island, Indonesia.

References

Bergh, L.S.R. 1890. Die Nudibranchien des ‘‘Sunda-Meeres’’. Malacologische Untersuchungen. In: Reisen im Archipel der Philippinen von Dr. Carl Gottfried Semper. Zweiter Theil. Wissenschaftliche Resultate. Band 2, Theil 3, Heft 17, pp. 873–992, pls. 885–889.

Polyceridae
Gastropods described in 1890


title: Institute of Making

text:
The Institute of Making is a multidisciplinary research club based at University College London.

Composed of the Materials Library and the MakeSpace, its work focuses on hands-on research into materials and making from many different perspectives. Members are encouraged to "make, break, design and combine both advanced and traditional tools, techniques and materials".

It was founded by directors Mark Miodownik, Zoe Laughlin and Martin Conreen in 2010 at King's College London and moved to UCL in 2012, officially opening on 16 March 2013. The institute has produced some notable projects and research in the fields of making and maker culture and sensoaesthetics.

References

External links
 The Institute of Making website

Clubs and societies of University College London
Materials science institutes


title: Colombo Monorail

text:
The Colombo Monorail was a proposed monorail system to be built in Colombo, Sri Lanka. The project was estimated to cost US$ 1.3 billion. Construction was proposed to begin in 2Q 2015. However a Japanese JICA transportation master plan for Colombo did not recommend a Monorail as a priority and recommended a Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) , Railway electrification and an overhead light rail system instead. A separate study by the Ministry of Megapolis and Western Development also concluded that a light rail system to be much more feasible than a monorail, and recommended light rail, an electrified railway system and an inland water transport (a brand new boat/ferry service that utilises Colombo’s historic canal network) under the Western Region Megapolis project.

Lines
The monorail was to consist of two lines, one from Malabe into the city through Thalahena, Robert Gunawardena Mawatha, Rajagiriya and Horton Place, and another from Moratuwa passing Dehiwala and Wellawatte and passing along the Galle Road. Both lines were to converge at a multi-modal hub in Colombo Fort.

LN1: Malabe to Colombo Fort

LN2: Colombo Fort to Moratuwa

Management & Rolling stock
Rolling stock for the monorail was to be procured from either Hitachi Monorails limited or China based CSR ZELC.

Substitute initiative
In April 2015, the Government of Sri Lanka issued a Gazette bill to construct an electric train system to connect Colombo with Sri Lanka's capital city Sri Jayawardenapura in Kotte.

This was chosen to replace the monorail  due to the lesser cost of implementation and maintenance. The BRT system is in its feasibility test stage.

Replacement by LRT
The Colombo Monorail was replaced by a Light Rail Transport (LRT) system for multiple reasons:

1. Technology Prevalence

Light rail systems are in widespread use across the globe and is a much more accepted technology, while Monorail is a relatively new technology and are primarily used for internal circulation such as theme parks, between airport terminal and shopping malls. This is evident with 30 of the total 54 of the current systems (56%) falling into this category. Termination of Monorail in Sydney, Jakarta shifting the Monorail project to a LRT project in the middle of construction and the Malacca Monorail been on idle due to technical problems were cited as reasons questioning the suitability of the system. The LRT clearly stands out as an evolved technology and enough research to support the technology.

2. System Cost

The system cost of both LRT and monorail composed of vehicles, guideway, stations and control systems. Most of the literature states that the cost component of both LRT and monorail remains the same when considering an alignment on elevated section with 50 million USD/km. However, with LRT being able to operate on ground the cost can be considerably reduced to around 30 million USD/km. The RTS traces for the Megapolis has major portion as elevated since it is proposed within the CBD and heavily urbanized areas. However, the portion that can go on ground accounts for 13 km out of proposed 75 km which is 17% of the total length. Due to the possible ground operations, the total system cost can be reduced significantly.Mainly due to the instalment of Depots/Yards and some stations on ground. An elevated depot have a huge costs associated which needs elevated structures to park the vehicles. The monorail feasibility done by the JAICA for a 23.1 km of track length has proposed a 5.3 km of track within the depots showing the extra cost. The typical ground depot is 50% less than an elevated depot, while it is similar for stations as well.

Hitachi claims that costs for Monorail costs could be reduced by 30% due to a much sleeker elevated structure however the numbers were seen as misleading as the numbers could not be verified and the JAICA feasibility study only showed 8% cost reduction due to the sleeker structure. The cost advantage is also offset by other limitations such as monorail switches appear to entail more complicated machinery, and have a significantly higher cost about 15 times the cost of an ordinary railway switch.

3. Switching

While LRT requires a simple rail road switch, monorail requires a complicated switching system. Vuchic (2007) finds the switching issue on monorail as one of the main limitations. Other than extremely higher costs ranging to 15 times of a regular switch, he suggest that large areas are required compared to a regular switch, which shows that the urban foot print advantage for monorails is not constant for all systems. He further reason out that the switching issues are the reasons monorails operate as single lines and that it is very complex to plan for network of monorails.further it creates an operational concern as it is essential a segments of concrete beams that are mechanically moved into place, which takes 15–25 seconds in contrasts to 0.6 second switch time for conventional rail  which will escalate the cost of construction while such complex switching process is not needed in a LRT System. More the number of lines interconnecting more the switching will be complex and the associated cost where as in the proposed system in locations such as Fort, Maradana and Borella will have more than 3 lines interconnecting.

4. Expansion as a Network

Monorail has not expanded as a network due to crossings. Monorail can’t have crossings unless grade separated while LRT can. One of the few which is rare to find is at NiuJiaoTuo Station in Chongqing Monorail in China the longest monorail at over 80 km. Even then it is a grade separated massive structure . In places like Borella as many lines are interconnecting, crossings are needed to ensure the interconnectivity and the continuity of the lines.

5. Aesthetic/Other Aspect

Monorail being slimmer than LRT is considered aesthetically more pleasing than LRT, day light penetration is obstructed by the deck of a LRT structure while monorail structure allows penetration. Monorail promoters habitually tend to portray monorail systems as light, airy, slender, unobtrusive structures sailing gracefully over fields and streets typically only photos of renditions of single beam guideways are presented.  But the practically the slender beam structure has result in various operational issues such as evacuation of passengers during breakdown since there is no platform for the passengers to get off in case of evacuation. Instances where the passengers been stranded for hours such as in Mumbai where the passengers had to be rescued with the help of fire brigade has been cited. To mitigate the practical issue, walkways between the monorail beams have been erected so that people can walk out in such solution which results in them losing the only advantage of day light penetration which is considerably blocked. The Las Vegas project demonstrates, a bona fide, heavy-duty, real world monorail consists of a lot more heavy, physical, elevated infrastructure than just a slender beamway. Similar to monorails not requiring overhead power lines LRT can use third rail system instead of the overhead catenary system.

Patrick M (2014)  notes that apart from switching issues monorail processes, considerable maintenance and energy issues.While monorail along with LRT has a life span of around 30 years, monorail which has tires that run on the beam only last 160,000 km requiring periodic replacement and additional operational and maintenance costs. It is also suggested that energy consumption of monorail is 25-30% greater than LRT technologies due to the rubber wheel system’s greater rolling resistance.

See also
 List of monorail systems
 Colombo Light Rail

References

External links

Transport in Colombo
Proposed transport infrastructure in Sri Lanka
Monorails
Monorails in Sri Lanka


title: Mirela Dulgheru

text:
Mirela Dulgheru–Renda, aka Mirela Renda, (born Mirela Dulgheru October 5, 1966) is a Romanian-born Turkish female long jumper. She became a naturalised Turkish citizen by marriage in 1999, and adopted the surname Renda.

She is the holder of third national performance outdoor long jump (7.14 m), a Romanian national record in long jump indoor (6.99 m) and a national record at sprint distances sample 50 m, 60 m and 80 m. She won twelve titles at Balkan Championships, and was over hundred times winner at national level in Romania.

Mirela Dulgheru competed for her native country Romania at the 1992 Summer Olympics, Barcelona, Spain. With her jump of 6.71 m, she placed 6th. She won a gold medal in long jump event at the Athletics at the 1993 Summer Universiade, Amherst, New York, USA.

She was a lecturer at the Oil & Gas University of Ploieşti and athletics coach at CSU Asesoft Ploiești. In 2009, she obtained a Doctor's degree in Physical Education and Sport at the University of Pitești with a thesis on "The Differentiate Nature of Effort’s Specificity in the Development of Movement Qualities During Athletic Tasks".

Soon after her naturalization in Turkey, Mirela Renda set a national record in long jump with 6.52 m. Her record lasted nine years long until it was broken with 6.62 m by Melis Mey, another naturalized athlete.

Achievements
 4th - 1990 European Athletics Indoor Championships, Glasgow, Scotland
 9th - 1991 IAAF World Indoor Championships, Sevilla, Spain - 6.50 m
 4th - 1992 Summer Olympics, Barcelona, Spain - 6.71 m
 8th - 1993 IAAF World Indoor Championships, Toronto, Canada - 6.55 m
 11th - 1993 World Championships in Athletics, Stuttgart, Germany - 6.48 m
  - Athletics at the 1993 Summer Universiade, Amherst, New York, USA - 6.69 m
 5th - 1994 European Athletics Indoor Championships, Paris, France
 6th - 2000 Osaka Grand Prix, Osaka, Japan

References

External links

1966 births
Sportspeople from Ploiești
Romanian female long jumpers
Olympic athletes for Romania
Romanian athletics coaches
Turkish people of Romanian descent
Naturalized citizens of Turkey
Turkish female long jumpers
Athletes (track and field) at the 1992 Summer Olympics
Universiade medalists in athletics (track and field)
Living people
FISU World University Games gold medalists for Romania
Medalists at the 1993 Summer Universiade


title: Giuseppe Ciribini

text:
Giuseppe Ciribini (20 January 1913 – 24 July 1990) was an Italian engineer and professor, considered the father of the discipline of architectural technology in Italy.

Biography
Giuseppe Ciribini was born in Milan on 20 January 1913. He studied engineering at the Polytechnic University of Milan where he graduated in 1936 with a dissertation about Italian rural housing, supervised by Prof. Giuseppe Sacchi. During World War II Ciribini served in the Corps of Engineers of the Regia Aeronautica (Italian Royal Air Force).

In 1948, after the war, Ciribini became professor of Elementi costruttivi (literally: building elements) in Milan. Later he moved to the Politecnico di Torino where, from 1966 on, he taught architectural technology. Besides Turin e Milan he also gave lectures in several others universities as in Venice, Ulm, Sao Paulo, Porto Alegre and Algeri.

In addition to his academic activity Ciribini conducted a significant professional activity as researcher and manager of several public institutions and committees. Among the most relevant of these were the direction of some projects held by the Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, his cooperation with the Ente nazionale italiano di unificazione (the Italian representative organisation in ISO) and with the CEN). From 1955 to 1961 he directed  the Comitato Italiano per la produttività edilizia (Italian committee for productivity in construction industry), sponsored by the European Coal and Steel Community.

In politics he was a member of Democrazia Cristiana and, from 1960 to 1965, he sat as a representative of this party in the city council of Milan.

On 11 September 1989 Ciribini was appointed professor emeritus. He died in Turin on 24 July 1990.

A well-known student of Ciribini is Renzo Piano, whose dissertation Modulazione e coordinamento modulare (Modulation and modular coordination) was supervised by Ciribini in 1966.
From the academic activity of Ciribini in Turin grew two different trains of thought: one was guided by Lorenzo Matteoli and widely assumed a performance concept approach, while the second, led by Giorgio Ceragioli, applied architectural technology to border-line building contexts as third world slums and self-building.

Bibliography
 La casa rustica nelle valli del Rosa, Volume 1, Giuseppe Ciribini, Centro nazionale universitario di studi alpini, 1943
 Organizzazione tecnica: impianto e meccanismi dei cantieri per l'edilizia, Giuseppe Ciribini,  Marzorati, 1952
 Tensostrutture, Giuseppe Ciribini,  UISAA, 1960
 Metodi e strumenti logici per la progettazione architettonica, Giuseppe Ciribini, Politecnico di Torino Facoltà di architettura, Istituto di elementi costruttivi, 1973, Torino.
 Introduzione alla tecnologia del design: metodi e strumenti logici per la progettazione dell'ambiente costruito, Giuseppe Ciribini, Franco Angeli, 1979 -
 Tecnologia della costruzione, Giuseppe Ciribini, La Nuova Italia Scientifica, Roma, 1992
 Tecnologia e progetto: argomenti di cultura tecnologica della progettazione, Giuseppe Ciribini, Celid, 1995 -

Awards and decorations

See also
 Architectural technology

References

Engineers from Milan
1913 births
1990 deaths
Polytechnic University of Milan alumni
Academic staff of the Polytechnic University of Milan
Academic staff of the Polytechnic University of Turin
20th-century Italian engineers


title: Plocamopherus apheles

text:
Plocamopherus apheles is a species of sea slug, a nudibranch, a shell-less marine gastropod mollusk in the family Polyceridae.

Distribution
This species was described from East London, South Africa.

References

Barnard, K.H. 1927. South African nudibranch Mollusca, with descriptions of new species, and a note on some specimens from Tristan d’Acunha. Annals of the South African Museum 25:171–215, pls. 119–120.

Polyceridae
Gastropods described in 1927


title: Catrine Johansson

text:
Catrine Johansson (born 18 December 1991) is a Swedish footballer. She plays as a defender for BK Häcken of the Damallsvenskan.

Honours

Club
Kopparbergs/Göteborg FC
Winner
 Svenska Supercupen: 2013
 Svenska Cupen: 2012

Runner-up
 Svenska Supercupen: 2012

External links

 Profile at soccerdonna.de
 Profile at worldfootball.net

1991 births
Living people
Swedish women's footballers
BK Häcken FF players
Damallsvenskan players
Women's association football defenders
Footballers from Gothenburg
Sweden women's youth international footballers


title: Alfred Harrison (priest)

text:
Alfred Tuke Priestman Harrison (8 May 1921 – 3 August 1995) was Dean of Trinidad from 1968 to 1973.

Harrison was born in 1921 and educated at Christ Church, Oxford. He was ordained in 1951 and served two curacies in Taunton. He was vicar of La Brea, Trinidad and Tobago before his time as dean and vicar of St Thomas the Apostle, Leesfield afterwards.

Notes

1921 births
Alumni of Christ Church, Oxford
Deans of Trinidad
1995 deaths


title: Folsom v. Marsh

text:
Folsom v. Marsh, 9. F.Cas. 342 (C.C.D. Mass. 1841) is a 19th-century US copyright case, widely regarded as the first "fair use" case in the United States.  The opinion was written by Judge Joseph Story, who set forth four factors that are in use today, and were ultimately codified in the Copyright Act of 1976 as .

Background
The Reverend Charles Wentworth Upham, a writer and anthologist, had copied 353 pages from the plaintiff's 12-volume biography of George Washington in order to produce a separate two-volume work of his own. The work was published by Bela Marsh, of Marsh, Capen, and Lyon.

The publisher Charles Folsom, of Folsom, Wells and Thurston, who had published the first set of letters (a twelve-volume edition edited by Jared Sparks), sued for "piracy of the copyright".  The defendant argued that the papers were not copyrightable because, as the letters of a deceased author, they were not private property and not "proper subjects of copyright"; that even if copyrightable, as works of the President they belonged to the United States; and lastly, that their use was fair, because it was the creation of an essentially new work.

Judge Story famously commented that,

Patents and copyrights approach, nearer than any other class of cases belonging to forensic discussions, to what may be called the metaphysics of law, where the distinctions are, or at least may be, very subtile and refined, and, sometimes, almost evanescent.

The court said first, that the letters were in fact copyrightable subject matter, and that taking even abridged and select portions could be infringement:

It is certainly not necessary, to constitute an invasion of copyright, that the whole of a work should be copied, or even a large portion of it, in form or in substance. If so much is taken, that the value of the original is sensibly diminished, or the labors of the original author are substantially to an injurious extent appropriated by another, that is sufficient, in point of law, to constitute a piracy pro tanto.

This holding effectively expanded copyrightable subject matter significantly, by permitting derivative works to be considered one of the rights of the copyright holder.  At the time that Upham had created his collection, abridgments of existing works were not considered infringements.

Second, the court accepted the defendant's argument that uses could be fair, but rejected the claim that this particular use was fair.  Justice Story thus destroyed the "abridgment doctrine", while establishing what has come to be known as the "fair use" doctrine.  In so doing, the court set forth four factors: the "nature and objects of the selections made" (today characterized as the "purpose and character of the use"); the "quantity and value of the materials used" (described today as two factors: the nature of the original work, and the amount taken); and "the degree in which the use may prejudice the sale, or diminish the profits, or supersede the objects, of the original work".

Judge Story drew these considerations in part from a body of English copyright law, as was common at that point.

Over the next century and a half, Folsom v. Marsh was repeatedly cited for its discussion of what uses might be fair, leading to the establishment of what has come to be known as the fair use doctrine.  This doctrine was ultimately incorporated into the 1976 Copyright Act as . Although its formulation in Section 107 tracks very closely the iterations in modern case law, the factors themselves are essentially the same as set forth by Judge Story in 1841.  Consequently, the Folsom v. Marsh case is regarded as establishing the principle of fair use in American copyright law.

Lyman Ray Patterson excoriated the decision as "the worst intellectual property opinion ever written", critiquing both Judge Story's logic and the outcome – the expansion of the copyright, and the shift in reasoning from a limited monopoly exception, towards a property rationale.

See also
 Books in the United States

Notes

Further research
 Full text PDF at Yale Law Tech
 David A. Kluft, "George Washington and the American Birth of Fair Use", Massachusetts Lawyers Weekly, Feb. 14, 2014. A revised version of the article is available at "A Presidents Day Copyright Story: George Washington and the "First" Fair Use Case", Foley Hoag Trademark & Copyright Law Blog, Feb. 21, 2014.
 Anthony R. Reese, "The Story of Folsom v. Marsh: Distinguishing Between Infringing and Legitimate Uses," in Intellectual Property Stories, eds. Jane C. Ginsburg and Rochelle Cooper Dreyfuss. New York: Foundation Press, 2006, 259.
 "Folsom v. Marsh", Primary Sources on Copyright (1450-1900) - Links to listed / cited people.

United States copyright case law
Fair use case law
1841 in case law


title: Plocamopherus ceylonicus

text:
Plocamopherus ceylonicus is a species of sea slug, a nudibranch, a shell-less marine gastropod mollusk in the family Polyceridae.

Distribution
This species was originally described from Sri Lanka.

References

Kelaart, E.F., 1858. Description of a new Ceylonese nudibranch. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, series 3, 1(4): 257-258.

External links
 SeaSlug Forum info

Polyceridae
Gastropods described in 1858


title: Plocamopherus imperialis

text:
Plocamopherus imperialis is a species of sea slug, a nudibranch, a shell-less marine gastropod mollusk in the family Polyceridae.

Distribution
This species was described from Port Jackson, S.E. Australia.

References

Angas, G.F., 1864. Description d'espèces nouvelles appartenant à plusieurs genres de Mollusques Nudibranches des environs de Port-Jackson (Nouvelles-Galles du Sud), accompagnée de dessins faits d'après nature. Journal de Conchyliologie, 12: 43-70

External links
 SeaSlug Forum info

Polyceridae
Gastropods described in 1864


title: Williams & Glyn

text:
Williams & Glyn was a division of The Royal Bank of Scotland (RBS) and National Westminster Bank (NatWest) consisting of 307 RBS branches in England and Wales and NatWest branches in Scotland. The division was formed because the then RBS Group, owner of the two banks, was required by the European Union (EU) to divest a portion of its business after HM Government took an 84% stake in the group during the 2008 United Kingdom bank rescue package, which the EU classed as state aid. RBS Group was required to divest Williams & Glyn by the end of 2017.

The Williams & Glyn unit had approximately 250,000 small business customers, 1,200 medium business customers and 1.8 million personal banking customers.

A consortium including Kuwait Investments, Corsair Capital, Centerbridge Capital and the Church of England invested £600 million into the business in September 2013, in exchange for equity once the bank was floated in an initial public offering (IPO). On 5 August 2016, RBS Group announced it had abandoned plans to spin off Williams & Glyn as a stand-alone business, stating that the new bank could not survive on its own due to Brexit. The group was to sell the unit to another bank as an asset transfer.

In February 2017, HM Treasury and the European Commission reached a provisional agreement in which RBS would be able to retain the Williams & Glyn assets in return for investing £833 million into a fund aimed at increasing small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) lending by challenger banks and for RBS agreeing to allow SME customers of challenger banks to use its branch network for cash and cheque handling. A final agreement for the retention of the Williams & Glyn assets by RBS Group was approved by the European Commission in September 2017. RBS Group announced its intentions to close 162 of the branches that were to have formed Williams & Glyn in April 2018. The closure of a further 54 branches was announced in September 2018.

History

Williams and Glyn's Bank Ltd
The historic Williams & Glyn's Bank Limited was established in London in 1970, when the Royal Bank of Scotland merged its two subsidiaries in England and Wales, Williams Deacon's Bank Ltd. and Glyn, Mills & Co. In 1985, the historic Williams & Glyn's Bank was fully absorbed into the Royal Bank of Scotland.

Project Rainbow
In 2000, the Royal Bank of Scotland Group acquired National Westminster Bank in a hostile takeover. In 2009 it was announced that all 311 Royal Bank branches in England and Wales together with the seven Scottish branches of NatWest were to be divested by the troubled group, under the dormant Williams & Glyn's brand, to comply with European Union state aid requirements. The process was expected to take up to four years to complete.

Agreement with Santander Group
In March 2010, it was reported that the group had issued a sales memorandum for the business, which would include 318 branches and around £20 billion in loans provided to small businesses and households. Following the deadline for initial bids on 7 April, Santander Group, Virgin Money, National Australia Bank, BBVA and the private equity firm JC Flowers were all confirmed to have submitted bids for consideration.

As a condition of the British Government purchasing an 81% shareholding in the group in 2009, the European Commission ruled that RBS sell a portion of its business, as the purchase was categorised as state aid. In August 2010, the group reached an agreement to sell 318 branches to Santander UK, made up of the RBS branches in England and Wales and the NatWest branches in Scotland. It was announced on 3 August that the Spanish Santander Group would pay around £1.65 billion for the branches, expected to be rebranded as part of Santander UK, in a deal set to be completed by December 2013. Santander withdrew from the sale on 12 October 2012.

Agreement with Corsair consortium
In September 2013, the group confirmed it had reached an agreement to sell 314 branches to the Corsair consortium, made up of private equity firms and a number of institutional investors. The branches, incorporating 250,000 small business customers, 1,200 medium business customers and 1.8 million personal banking customers, were due to separated from the group in 2016 as a standalone business under the Williams & Glyn's name. By May 2015, the total number of branches included in the new business had been reduced to 307.

Preparation for launch
In October 2015, the RBS Group submitted an application for a banking licence for the new bank. The group also published its transition plan for the launch of Williams & Glyn. According to the plan, a website for the new bank would have been launched and branch signage would have been changed to the Williams & Glyn identity, which would have initially operated as a trading name used by Royal Bank of Scotland plc in England and in Wales and National Westminster Bank plc in Scotland. In the lead up to the formal launch of the new bank, which was expected in early 2017, customers would have been able to access Williams & Glyn branded internet, mobile and telephone banking services, and would have received new branch sorting codes and new debit cards. To facilitate the transition, separate internet and telephone banking systems were created for RBS customers in England and Wales. Planning applications for the erection of new branch signage bearing the Williams & Glyn brand identity were submitted to local authorities across the north of England in early 2016. A standalone ATM network for the new Williams and Glyn bank was created in June 2016.

Cancellation
On 16 December 2015, RBS confirmed it had received a number of informal offers for the bank, and would seek to complete a sale by the end of 2017. HM Treasury subsequently announced it had asked the Competition and Markets Authority to suspend a review into how competitive the bank would be in the UK banking sector.

On 5 August 2016, RBS published details of the group's half-yearly financial results, revealing a £2.05 billion loss for the first half of 2016. RBS Group blamed historically low interest rates and the fallout from the UK's 2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum with uncertainties caused by the pro-Brexit result. These result indicated, according to RBS, that Williams & Glyn would not prosper as an independent bank. Instead, Reuters reported that Santander UK was interested in buying the unit outright.

In August 2016, RBS cancelled its plan to spin off Williams & Glyn as a separate business, stating that the new bank could not survive independently. It revealed it would instead seek to sell the operation to another bank.

Santander had abandoned talks in September 2016. CYBG plc, owner of Clydesdale Bank and Yorkshire Bank, confirmed in October 2016 that it had made what it described as a "preliminary non-binding proposal" for the unit. In the same month RBS confirmed that it would be unable to sell Williams & Glyn by the end of 2017, potentially giving the European Commission the right to take control of the sales process.

By December 2016, both Santander and CYBG had scaled back their bids, citing issues with integrating the six NatWest branches in Scotland, and with integrating large corporate customers. RBS instead started exploring selling other assets or closing branches that it could not sell thus requiring customers based at those branches to find alternative banking arrangements.

Alternative Remedies Package
From 2015 to 2017, Jim Brown was CEO of Williams & Glyn. He replaced John Maltby in the role, who stood down.

RBS was ordered to sell Williams & Glyn by regulators as part of the bank's obligations for receiving state aid during the government bailout in 2009 after the 2008 financial crisis. However, RBS was unable to find a buyer for what were several RBS banks in England and Wales, as well as NatWest branches in Scotland, branded under the resurrected Williams & Glyn name.

In February 2017, HM Treasury suggested that the bank should abandon the plan to sell the operation, and instead focus on initiatives to boost competition within business banking in the United Kingdom. In that month the HM Treasury and the European Commission reached a provisional agreement in which RBS Group would be able to retain the Williams & Glyn assets in return for investing £750 million into a fund aimed at increasing SME lending by challenger banks and for RBS agreeing to allow SME customers of challenger banks to use its branch network for cash and cheque handling.  The European Commission agreed in principle to the new proposals in July 2017, but the amount to be used to increase competition in the UK SME banking sector was increased to £833 million. This plan was formally approved by the European Commission in September 2017.

RBS ultimately avoided the sale by deal-making with the government, earning approval to reintegrate Williams & Glyn and the associated branch network into its core bank. As an alternative to divesting of Williams & Glyn, RBS agreed to create a $1 billion fund to support competing companies, as part of an agreement with the Treasury and the European Commission.

A final agreement, known as the "Alternative Remedies Package", was ultimately reached with the College of European Commissioners in September 2017, allowing RBS Group to retain the Williams & Glyn assets and bringing the sale process to a close.

Closure of Williams and Glyn branches
After creating the fund, RBS considered relaunching Williams & Glyn as a new brand, but risks led to the bank abandoning the idea, closing 162 branches by June of 2018 as a result.

In early 2018, The Royal Bank of Scotland Group announced its plans for restructuring to comply with new UK-wide rules on ring-fencing retail banking operations from investment banking operations. As part of this restructuring, all retail banking assets of the existing Royal Bank of Scotland plc were transferred to Adam and Company plc on 30 April 2018, which assumed the Royal Bank of Scotland name in the process.

Afterwards, in September 2018, RBS said it was in relation to the failed spinoff of the Williams & Glyn brand that it was shuttering 54 branches. RBS said it was closing branches close to each other to reduce overlap, with the branches officially closed in January 2019. The BBC quoted the Unite union criticizing the move, in part for limiting easy access to disabled and elderly customers. The closures left 54 RBS branches in England and Wales total.

As part of its brand management strategy, RBS group has decided that NatWest should become its primary customer facing brand in England and Wales and Royal Bank of Scotland its core brand in Scotland. In April 2018, it was revealed by RBS Group CEO, Ross McEwan that 162 Royal Bank of Scotland branded branches that were to have formed part of Williams & Glyn were to be closed as they were located close to NatWest branded branches, which are part of the same group. The closures were expected to happen between July and November 2018 and result in the loss of almost 800 jobs. It was proposed that customers with Royal Bank of Scotland accounts would in future be able to use NatWest branches for counter services. In late May, McEwan added that further branch closures could be announced before the end of the year. The closure of a further 54 branches was announced in September 2018 with an expected loss of 258 jobs.

In July 2020 the Royal Bank of Scotland Group rebranded itself as NatWest Group, with the bank continuing to operate as NatWest and Williams & Glyn outside of Scotland.

Corporate affairs

Logo and branding
Initially planned to be called Williams & Glyn's Bank, it was announced in December 2013 that the bank name would be shortened to Williams & Glyn owing to the difficulty of using an apostrophe in branding and website addresses. The original Williams and Glyn's Bank was formed by merging Williams Deacon's Bank with Glyn, Mills & Co.

A logo for Williams and Glyn was designed by Landor Associates in April 2014. The logo featured the words "Williams" and "Glyn" joined by a large ampersand. This was followed by the development of a full corporate visual identity for the new bank by The Designship. New uniforms which were to have been worn by Williams & Glyn staff were revealed at an event held at SS Great Britain in Bristol. The historic Williams and Glyn's Bank did not have a distinct logo, instead it used the "Daisy Wheel" logo of its parent company, The Royal Bank of Scotland.

Leadership

The leadership team of the part of the Royal Bank of Scotland plc that was to have become Williams & Glyn was composed of:

Director - Philip Nevill Green
Director - Mervyn Davies
Director - Lance West
Chief executive officer - Jim Brown
Chief operating officer - Chris Davis

References

External links

Williams and Glyn - England and Wales
Williams and Glyn - Scotland
Banking Competition Remedies Limited

Royal Bank of Scotland


title: 2014 Tour of Oman

text:
The 2014 Tour of Oman was the fifth edition of the Tour of Oman cycling stage race. It was rated as a 2.HC event on the UCI Asia Tour, and was held from 18 to 23 February 2014, in Oman.

For the second year in a row, the race was won by  rider Chris Froome – becoming its first repeat winner – after he won the queen stage of the race, to Jabal al Akhdar, on the penultimate day and held the race leader's red jersey to the finish, the next day, at the Matrah Corniche. Froome's winning margin over runner-up Tejay van Garderen of the  was 26 seconds, and 's Rigoberto Urán completed the podium, 5 seconds down on van Garderen and 31 seconds in arrears of Froome.

In the race's other classifications, André Greipel won the points classification for , after winning three stages during the race, while the young rider classification was won by Romain Bardet (), as he was the best placed rider under the age of 25, in thirteenth overall. The combative classification – to which points from mountains and sprints were awarded towards – was won by Preben Van Hecke of the  team, while  won the teams classification, after also placing Sergio Henao inside the top ten overall, as well as Froome.

Teams
Eighteen teams competed in the 2014 Tour of Oman. These included thirteen UCI World Tour teams and five UCI Professional Continental teams.

The teams that participated in the race were:

Stages

Stage 1
18 February 2014 — As Suwayq Castle to Naseem Garden,

Stage 2
19 February 2014 — Al Bustan to Quriyat,

Stage 3
20 February 2014 — BankMuscat to Al Bustan,

Stage 4
21 February 2014 — Wadi Al Abiyad to Ministry of Housing,

Stage 5
22 February 2014 — Bidbid to Jabal al Akhdar,

Stage 6
23 February 2014 — As Sifah to Matrah Corniche,

Classification leadership table

References

External links

Tour of Oman
Tour of Oman
Tour of Oman
Tour of Oman


title: Vladislav Ivanov (footballer, born 1990)

text:
Vladislav Ivanov (born 7 May 1990) is a former football player from Moldova. He was also a member of Moldova national football team since 2013.

Career
In 2016 he played for Sheriff Tiraspol.

References

External links

 Profile at moldova.sports.md

1990 births
Living people
Moldovan men's footballers
Men's association football midfielders
Moldova men's international footballers
Moldovan expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in Belarus
Moldovan Super Liga players
FC Sheriff Tiraspol players
FC Academia Chișinău players
FC Sfîntul Gheorghe players
FC Costuleni players
FC Veris Chișinău players
FC Dinamo-Auto Tiraspol players
FC Krumkachy Minsk players
FC Petrocub Hîncești players
Moldovan expatriate sportspeople in Belarus
Sportspeople from Tiraspol
Footballers from Transnistria


title: ReachLocal

text:
ReachLocal, Inc. (ReachLocal), a divisions of Gannett, was a provider of digital marketing solutions to businesses in the United States, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand. ReachLocal now operates as LocaliQ in the United States, Canada and the United Kingdom.

History
ReachLocal was founded in 2003 by Zorik Gordon, Nathan Hanks, Michael Kline,  Robert Wright, John Mazur, and Robert "Rick" Spitz.

ReachLocal's first product was a search engine advertising service called ReachSearch. This technology places businesses’ advertisements on multiple search engines, including Google, Yahoo! and Bing. ReachLocal has since introduced a range of digital marketing products, including ReachEdge, its lead conversion software.

In 2010, ReachLocal launched its initial public offering (IPO). Before the company's IPO, ReachLocal was venture-backed by VantagePoint Venture Partners, Rho Ventures and Galleon Special Opportunities Partners Fund LP.

In February 2011, ReachLocal acquired DealOn, a local deals company for approximately $10 million.

In April of 2014, ReachLocal appointed Sharon Rowlands as chief executive officer and member of its board of directors, replacing interim CEO David Carlick.

In June of 2016, the company was acquired by Gannett for about $156 million.

In January 2019, Gannett named Kevin Gentzel, who became the media company's first chief revenue officer in 2015, as president of USA TODAY Network Marketing Solutions, when Sharon Rowlands was appointed the CEO of Web.com.

In February of 2023, ReachLocal became LocaliQ in the United States and Canada.

Staff and clients

, ReachLocal had over 1,300 employees across 68 offices located in the United States, Australia, Brazil, Canada, Mexico, Germany, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Singapore, Austria, India, Belgium, and Japan. , the company had more than 17,000 active clients.

Services
In addition to search engine marketing, ReachLocal provides other online marketing services. In 2005, the company launched ReachSearch, a search engine advertising product designed to attract more leads from consumers. The product achieves this by placing text advertisements on leading search engines and directories.

In 2009, ReachLocal introduced ReachDisplay, an online display advertising service that places banner advertisements on premium websites. The following year, the company built ReachCast, a web marketing service, and launched a site retargeting product called ReachRemarketing in 2011.

ReachRetargeting was launched in 2012, followed by the launch of the website and lead management system ReachEdge in 2013. In 2014, ReachLocal introduced a search engine optimization service, ReachSEO. In 2015, ReachLocal launched ReachListings, for local listings management. In 2016, ReachLocal launched ReachSocial Ads,  Facebook advertising, and enhanced their SEO product, ReachSEO.

Technology
The company has developed various technologies to assist their clients in publishing their campaigns and tracking, optimizing and reporting results for a variety of their services. In September 2012, the company released the first ReachLocal mobile application, which provides real-time lead notifications and reports to their clients, followed by the ReachEdge app in 2013.

ReachEdge, the company's marketing automation platform released in 2013, provides clients with a list of leads, sources, actions needed, performance and reports. The platform consists of a website, lead management software and the aforementioned mobile application.

In February 2014, ReachLocal released LigerMobile, an open source framework that assists in the development of hybrid apps.

References

American companies established in 2003
Marketing companies established in 2003
2003 establishments in California
Companies formerly listed on the Nasdaq
Digital marketing companies of the United States
Gannett
2016 mergers and acquisitions
Companies based in Los Angeles


The Administration of Justice (Emergency Provisions) Act 1939 (2 & 3 Geo. 6. c. 78) was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that modified the law in England and Wales with regards to juries in England and Wales. It was an emergency measure passed in anticipation of war with Germany, and received royal assent on the day that Germany invaded Poland, beginning the Second World War. Among other things, it reduced the number of people required to serve on a jury in civil or criminal cases from twelve to seven (except in the most serious criminal cases). It also raised the age limit for jury service from 60 to 65, and abolished trial by jury in civil cases, except in cases where the judge ordered that a jury trial was to take place. This was due to the large numbers of people who were expected to be conscripted in the event of a war. The Act was to have effect until the end of the war, when it would be suspended by an Order in Council.

Similar legislation was passed for Scotland and Northern Ireland. In Scotland, where a unanimous verdict was not always required, a majority verdict could be given by five of the seven jurors.

Selected text
Section 7(1) read:
"Notwithstanding anything in any enactment, for the purpose of any trial with a jury or inquiry by a jury in any proceedings, whether civil or criminal, it shall not be necessary for the jury to consist of more than seven persons:
"Provided that the preceding provisions of this subsection shall not apply in relation to the trial of a person on any charge, if the court or a judge thinks fit, by reason of the gravity of the matters in issue, to direct that those provisions shall not apply, and shall not in any case apply in relation to the trial of a person on a charge of treason or murder."
Section 8(1) read:
"No question arising in any civil proceedings in the High Court or in any inferior court of civil jurisdiction shall be tried with a jury, and no writ of enquiry for the assessment of damages or other claim by a jury shall issue, unless the court or a judge is of opinion that the question ought to be tried with a jury or, as the case may be, the assessment ought to be made by a jury and makes an order to that effect."

References

The Public General Acts (London: Eyre & Spottiswoode, 1939)

See also
National Service (Armed Forces) Act 1939

World War II legislation
United Kingdom Acts of Parliament 1939
Emergency laws in the United Kingdom


title: Cabinet of General Cavaignac

text:
The cabinet of General Cavaignac was the government of France from 28 June 1848 to 20 December 1848. It replaced the Executive Commission of 1848 after the June Days Uprising of 23 June to 26 June 1848. General Louis-Eugène Cavaignac (1802-1857) was given executive power by the National Assembly and headed the government as President of the Council of Ministers.
The government was replaced by the first cabinet of Odilon Barrot on 20 December 1848 after  Louis Napoleon had been elected as President.

Ministers
The ministers were:

Changes
 On 5 July 1848, Achille Tenaille de Vaulabelle substituted Hippolyte Carnot as Education Minister.
 On 17 July 1848, Pierre Marie de Saint-Georges substituted Eugène Bethmont as Justice Minister; Raymond de Verninac Saint-Maur substituted Jules Bastide as Navy Minister and Bastide substituted Marie Alphonse Bedeau as Foreign Affairs Minister.
 On 13 October 1848, Alexandre Pierre Freslon substituted Achille Tenaille de Vaulabelle as Education Minister; Jules Dufaure substituted Jules Sénard as Interior Minister and Alexandre-François Vivien substituted Adrien Recurt as Public Works Minister.
 On 25 October 1848, Ariste Jacques Trouvé-Chauvel substituted Michel Goudchaux as Finance Minister.

References

Sources

French governments
1848 establishments in France
1848 disestablishments in France
Cabinets established in 1848
Cabinets disestablished in 1848


title: Calavo Growers

text:
Calavo Growers, Inc. () is an international consumer goods and farm products company. The company packages, and distributes avocados and other fruits, as well as their fresh prepared food to restaurants, stores, and individual customers worldwide. While the company is based in Santa Paula, California, avocado production is cultivated throughout the state of California, as well as Central and South America. Calavo Growers was established in 1924 as an agricultural cooperative and was instrumental in launching the California avocado industry. The company operates its business through three divisions including Fresh Products, Calavo Foods and Renaissance Food Group (RFG). The company has been listed on the America's Best Small Company list by Forbes.

History
Calavo Growers, Inc. was founded on January 21, 1924, as the California Avocado Growers' Exchange. Due to overwhelming interest in the avocado, many California growers had planted avocado seeds that had originated in Mexico.  Although slow to mature, by 1923 those avocado trees were producing a large enough crop to be marketed.  The problem was the lack of a marketing outlet.  The founders studied grower cooperatives that were doing well at the time such as the California Fruit Growers Exchange and adopted features that would work best for the avocado industry. In the first year, the California Avocado Growers Exchange packed the 18,000 lbs. of fruit that launched the California avocado industry.  Shortly after, the growers exchange adopted the name Calavo as a brand.  This was the result of a naming contest in which multiple entries were submitted combining the words "California" and "avocado".  Calavo quickly became the brand name of high quality avocados.  In the early 1930s, the cooperative increased its offerings to include limes, coconuts, kiwis, mangos and persimmons.  Papayas were added in the late 1940s.

The California Avocado Advisory board was created in 1961, Calavo played a key role in its creation and development.  The purpose was to market the California avocado industry as a whole and not just the avocado growers in the cooperative.  Today it is known as the California Avocado Commission.

After 78 years as a growers cooperative, Calavo members voted to take the company public.  In 2002, Calavo Growers Inc. was designated the ticker symbol CVGW on the NASDAQ National Market System.  The seats on the company's board of directors were filled mainly with longtime avocado growers, and that remains so today.

Products
Calavo Growers markets fresh avocados grown in California, Mexico, and Chile. Additionally, it distributes other fruit products such as tomatoes, pineapples and Hawaiian produced papayas. Operations in Mexico, pack and ship fresh avocados from their 50,000 sq. ft. packinghouse while a second 90,000 sq.ft. facility prepares and packages fresh avocado products such as guacamole.  Their products are distributed throughout the U.S. to retailers and foodservice operations nationwide, as well as Canada, Europe and Asia.

See also
California Avocado Society
California Avocado Commission

References

External links

Agriculture companies of the United States
Agriculture in California
Companies based in Ventura County, California
Santa Paula, California
History of Ventura County, California
American companies established in 1924
Food and drink companies established in 1924
1924 establishments in California
Companies listed on the Nasdaq


title: Werner Herzog bibliography

text:
Although primarily known as a filmmaker, Werner Herzog has also written multiple books and other works.

Bibliography

Books

Writer
 Fitzcarraldo: The Original Story (Fjord Pr, January 1983, )
 Of Walking in Ice (Free Association, New York, 2007, )
 Conquest of the Useless: Reflections from the Making of Fitzcarraldo (Eroberung des Nutzlosen) (German: 2004; English: Ecco, 2009, )
 Werner Herzog: A Guide for the Perplexed, Conversations with Paul Cronin (Faber and Faber Ltd., London, 2014, )
 The Twilight World (Das Dämmern der Welt) (German: Hanser, Munich, 2021; English, translated by Michael Hofmann: Bodley Head, London, 2022, )
 Every Man for Himself and God Against All: A Memoir (Jeder für sich und Gott gegen alle) (German: Hanser, Munich, 2022; English, translated by Michael Hofmann: Vintage Publishing, London, 2023, )

Co-writer
 Lena Herzog. Pilgrims: Becoming the Path Itself (Periplus Publishing London Ltd., 2002, )

Screenplays

Writer
 Drehbücher II: Aguirre, der Zorn Gottes: Jeder für sich und Gott gegen alle, Land des Schweigens und der Dunkelheit (Hanser 1977)
 Drehbücher I: Lebenszeichen, Auch Zwerge haben klein angefangen, Fata Morgana (Hanser 1977)
 Drehbücher III: Stroszek, Nosferatu (Hanser 1979)
 Screenplays: Aguirre, The Wrath of God, Every Man For Himself and God Against All & Land of Silence and Darkness (translated by Alan Greenberg & Martje Herzog; Tanam, New York, 1981, )
 Fitzcarraldo, Nosferatu, Stroszek (Mazarine 1982)
 Wo Die Grünen Ameisen Träumen (Hanser 1984, )
 Nosferatu (Ulbulibri, 1984)
 Cobra Verde (Jade-Flammarion 2001, )

Co-writer
 With Alan Greenberg and Herbert Achternbusch. Heart of Glass. 1976

References

Bibliography