title: From Scotland with Love

text:
From Scotland With Love is a documentary feature film produced by Grant Kier, Heather Croall and Mark Atkin and directed by Virginia Heath, soundtracked by an original studio album by Scottish singer-songwriter King Creosote (Kenny Anderson).

The film was commissioned as part of the Cultural Festival accompanying the 2014 Glasgow Commonwealth Games. It was screened with live musical accompaniment on Glasgow Green on 31 July 2014. It was produced by Faction North, Crossover, National Library of Scotland and Scottish Screen Archive in association with BBC Scotland and Creative Scotland.

The album was produced by David McAulay and released on 21 July 2014 on Domino Recording Company.

Regarding the album, and its film counterpart, Anderson stated: "It's basically just looking at ourselves in the past – it's like looking at your grandparents' or your great grandparents' generation goofing about, just doing what they're doing. But you have to remember that it wasn't the past for them - they were right at the cutting edge of time like we are now."

Released to widespread critical acclaim, the album reached number twenty-one in the UK Albums Chart; Creosote's highest-charting album to date. The album also peaked at number one on the UK Record Store Chart, and at number three on the Scottish Albums Chart.

Background
Director Virginia Heath was commissioned to create a documentary film, featuring Scottish archive footage, to coincide with the 2014 Glasgow Commonwealth Games. Kenny Anderson was subsequently approached to craft its soundtrack, whilst recovering from a broken leg, looking forward to the birth of his child, and experiencing the potential collapse of his long-running record label, Fence. Initially hesitant, Anderson noted "I'm traditionally pretty bad when there's a deadline. It's not that I wouldn't deliver something, it's just that I didn't think it would be any good. They kept the Commonwealth Games out of the conversation for a while. I think they thought that once I heard the C-word I would back out all together."

With Anderson on board, he stated: "I haven't really worked with a director before, but I've had directors get in touch and ask if they can use certain songs. That's one thing when a director has their film made and they connect with something that you've written, but it's completely different when a songwriter watches a film and says, 'Oh right, I've got the song for that. [...] I just went for it and I wrote songs and passed them back to Virginia. She would go back and try to find footage that would fit it or she would reject things outright because they were too literal. So I had to hope that what I'd seen in these short films was worthy of writing a song about – and if I'd gone off piste a bit she'd be able to go back and find things that didn't make certain lyrics stand out like a sore thumb."

Film
The film is a 75-minute documentary created entirely from archive film material from the National Library of Scotland and Scottish Screen Archive. It is purely visual with no voiceover - only a musical soundtrack.

Heath pitched for the project alongside her partner Grant Keir and Heather Croall and Mark Atkin in response to an open call for submissions. The team took inspiration from the similar combination of archive footage and live scoring by contemporary musicians (in that case, British Sea Power) on From the Sea to the Land Beyond that had also been produced by Heather Croall and Mark Atkin.

On choosing to work with King Creosote, Heath said: "We came to Kenny because we felt he had a great storytelling ability in his lyrics. We knew that to get across some of the complexity of the sequences we wanted, we needed someone who could translate feelings and stories into song."

Heath researched this material over several months, watching hundreds of films in the archive. "The themes are broadly love and loss, work and leisure, resistance and immigration, fighting for justice," she says. "The big themes of the 20th century, mixed with a bit of fun and lightheartedness. It’s a universal story but with a strongly Scottish flavour, although we did try and avoid the usual clichés about the country."

Heath sent Anderson a storyboard broken down into three-minute sections showing the different storylines she wanted to pursue. She created fragments of visual material, which he responded to with music. The visuals were returned to the editing room for further development and then sent back again.

It explores themes of love, loss, resistance, migration, work and play, referencing heavy industry, Scotland's shipbuilding past, the fishing industry, war, urbanisation and emigration. It also celebrates community, a good night out and a holiday by the seaside.

"I wanted to make a film about ordinary people," Heath said. "What really interested me was ordinary people's lives and the way people made things, were proud of making things, the sense of community."

Vignettes include miners smoking, couples skating on frozen rivers, a sandwich-board boy advertising Auchtermuchty Flower Show, shipworkers, children being drilled in gasmask wearing, a bombed-out classroom, the old industrial banks of the Clyde, trams going to Scotstoun and Partick, milkmen, cranes, the dead landmark of Ravenscraig steel works, tanks in George Square, and dancing at the Barrowlands.

The accompanying music is judged to go with the images on screen, for example a playground motif for girls rope-skipping down the street, jaunty music for trips to the seaside, and racier sounds for a sequence on dating and nightlife.

The film premiered on BBC Scotland on Sunday 22 June 2014. There were a series of live open-air screenings during the Commonwealth Games.

Recording
After a composing session in a studio near Loch Fyne, From Scotland with Love was recorded at Chem19 Studios, in Blantyre, Scotland, with producer David McAulay. The album also features additional production from The Delgados' Paul Savage, who had previously worked with Anderson on his studio albums, Flick the Vs (2009) and That Might Well Be It, Darling (2013).

The album also features musical contributions from Admiral Fallow's Louis Abbott and Kevin Brolly, Meursault's Pete Harvey and Kate Miguda, and The Delgados' Emma Pollock.

Writing and composition
Upon the album's release, Kenny Anderson noted that there are references to his mother and father throughout From Scotland with Love, stating: "My dad's in this album a lot. There are a lot of songs on it that have little jokes in them for me, or for my dad. [...] [The song], "Leaf Piece", that comes from my mum, that's what she always called it – 'Don't forget your leaf piece!' It's a bag of crisps, or an apple, or a cheese piece. It was a big thing, it was the first break in the day when you were [harvesting potatoes]. You couldn't wait to get your leaf piece. I think it's maybe meant to be 'leave piece' originally – I wonder if it got Anderson-ised."

Regarding the track "For One Night Only", Anderson stated: "It was originally called "Fighting and Shagging". I found that one really hard to write. I knew we needed this upbeat, going-out song, but I can't do that. [...] I'm sure people go out a lot more now than they used to. Even my gran's generation, they'd have a sherry at New Year and that would be it. So I was thinking, big nights out must have been few and far between, and when you did go out, there would be no holding back. If your drunk character – because everyone's got one – could only come out once a year, it would be hugely exaggerated."

Reworkings
The track "Miserable Strangers" features a reprise of the chorus from "678"; a song which previously appeared on the studio album KC Rules OK (2005). A full re-recording of "678" appears during the course of the film, and is included on the deluxe edition of From Scotland from Love.

The song "Pauper's Dough" is a reworking of the song "Harper's Dough", which previously appeared on 12 O'Clock on the Dot (2000). Anderson noted: "The original sentiment I had for "Harper's Dough" was really personal – it was just, you know, can you not pull yourself up by your own bootstraps. It was never a protest song, but now it is. It's one of the most powerful bits in the film. And of course, you can make these big sweeping sentiments – Bono does it all the time – but I don't. [...] Before it was about how I felt like the worst person ever and had to do something about myself; now it's about changing the world. Wow. And I can't take credit for that, that's down to [director] Virginia [Heath] – the footage she used and gave me to write from."

Reception

Critical response

From Scotland with Love received widespread critical acclaim upon its release. At Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, the album has received an average score of 81, based on 9 reviews, indicating "universal acclaim".

Track listing

Personnel

Musicians
Kenny Anderson - vocals, accordion, wine glasses, acoustic guitar
Derek O'Neil - piano, keyboards, organ
Andy Robinson - drums, percussion
Pete Macleod - bass
David McAulay - electric and acoustic guitar, keyboards, synths, banjo, mandolin, percussion, backing vocals
Kevin Brolly - clarinet
Pete Harvey - cello, string arrangements
Asher Zaccardelli - viola
Emma Peebles - viola
Kate Miguda - violin
Paul Savage - drums
Grant Keir - backing vocals, percussion
Amy MacDougall - backing vocals
Louis Abbott - backing vocals
Jill O'Sullivan - backing vocals
Jenny Reeve - backing vocals
Emma Pollock - backing vocals
Beatroute Street Singers - vocals

Recording personnel
David McAulay - producer, mixing (2, 5, 7, 8, 9 & 11
Paul Savage - additional production, engineer, mixing (1, 3, 4, 6 & 10)
Guy Davie - mastering

Artwork
Matthew Cooper - design
Paul J. Street - design
Nick Phillips - logo design
National Library of Scotland Scottish Screen Archive - photographs

References

External links
 Official film website

2014 albums
King Creosote albums
Domino Recording Company albums
2014 documentary films
2014 films
BBC television documentaries
British documentary television films
Scottish documentary films
English-language Scottish films
Works about Scotland
Films without speech
Documentary films about Scotland
2010s English-language films
2010s British films


title: Albright-Dukes House

text:
Albright-Dukes House, also known as the Dukes House, is a historic home located at Laurens, Laurens County, South Carolina. It was built about 1904, and is a two-story, Dutch Colonial Revival style frame dwelling. It features a cross-gambrel roof and the shingled gambrel ends with Palladian windows. It has a single-story porch, supported by Tuscan order columns.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.

References

Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Colonial Revival architecture in South Carolina
Houses completed in 1904
Houses in Laurens County, South Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in Laurens County, South Carolina


title: Khojaly massacre in popular culture

text:
There is a number of works in which people have mentioned or commemorated the Khojaly massacre in popular culture.

Literature

Films

Documentary films
 2011 – Refugee: a long journey of Anar Yusubov (dir. Cem Oguz)

 2012 – Infinite Corridor / Sonu olmayan dəhliz (dir. Richardas Lopaitis)

Fictional films
 1993 – The Squall (dir. Jeyhun Mirzayev)
 1993 – Haray (dir. Oruj Gurbanov)
 2012 – Xoca (dir. Vahid Mustafayev)
 2012 – Dolu (dir. Elkhan Jafarov)

Music
A list of musical works dedicated to the Khojaly Massacre and related events:

Sports
On 11 May 2014, Turkish footballer Arda Turan of Atlético Madrid was announced as a goodwill ambassador for Khojaly Massacre. Turan's ambassador activities are aimed to raise awareness about this issue and promoting world peace.

References

Culture of Azerbaijan
Azerbaijani music
Lists of Azerbaijani films
Arts in Azerbaijan
Azerbaijani literature
Works about Khojaly Massacre


title: Lyde Irby Darlington House

text:
Lyde Irby Darlington House, also known as the Monroe House, is a historic home located at Laurens, Laurens County, South Carolina. It was built about 1899, and is a two-story, eclectic frame dwelling with elements of the Queen Anne, Eastlake, and Classical Revival styles. Notable features include polygonal bays and a wraparound porch.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.

References

Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Queen Anne architecture in South Carolina
Neoclassical architecture in South Carolina
Houses completed in 1899
Houses in Laurens County, South Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in Laurens County, South Carolina


title: Queen of Brush County

text:
Queen Of Brush County is the debut album by King Creosote, released in 1998.

Track listing
Dr Alcohol
Homeboy
Philatelist
Mantra-Rap
Russian Sailor Shirts
Piano Crushing Back
Me In Here
Flounder
Your Guess Who's In At The Core?
Fell The Way Down, Leslie
Sparsety Sparse
So Forlorn

References

1998 debut albums
King Creosote albums


title: M. maculata

text:
M. maculata may refer to:

 Mabuya maculata (Demerara), a Guyanese skink
 Mabuya maculata (Fernando de Noronha), a Brazilian skink
 Macrocallista maculata, a bivalve mollusc
 Macrothele maculata, a mygalomorph spider
 Maculatoscelis maculata, a praying mantis
 Madecassina maculata, a ground beetle
 Mancopsetta maculata, a southern flounder
 Medicago maculata, a plant native to the Mediterranean Basin
 Megascolia maculata, a scoliid wasp
 Megilla maculata, a ladybird beetle
 Mahehia maculata, a woodlouse endemic to Seychelles
 Margarita maculata, a sea snail
 Melanoraphia maculata, a ringed worm
 Mene maculata, a disk-shaped fish
 Mesovipera maculata, a venomous viper
 Mitromorpha maculata, a sea snail
 Mormodes maculata, an orchid endemic to Mexico
 Musca maculata, a European fly
 Mycena maculata, a saprotrophic fungus
 Myopopone maculata, a social insect


title: Dr. William Claudius Irby House

text:
Dr. William Claudius Irby House, also known as the Crowe House, is a historic home located at Laurens, Laurens County, South Carolina.

Background
The Dr. William Claudius Irby House was built about 1890, and is a two-story, frame residence sheathed in weatherboarding with a cross-gable roof with Eastlake style elements. It features include a two-tiered porch on the façade and a single-story porches on the side elevations.  Also on the property is a fieldstone outbuilding.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.

References

Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Houses completed in 1890
Houses in Laurens County, South Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in Laurens County, South Carolina


title: Right-Believing

text:
Right-Believing (, , ), also called under the prefix The most Orthodox, is an Orthodox saint title for monarchs who were canonized for having lived a righteous life. They do not belong to martyrs or passion bearers. The saint title was initially given to Byzantine Emperors and their wives by the Patriarchate of Constantinople in the period of Ecumenical Councils, but other local Orthodox churches later took that tradition, including the Russian Orthodox Church. Russian Right-Believing princes include Andrey Bogolyubsky, Davyd Yuryevich Alexander Nevsky, and Dmitry Donskoy.

See also
 List of Eastern Orthodox saint titles

Literature

References

Christian terminology
Eastern Orthodox liturgy
Types of saints


title: Muhammad Iqbal Gujjar

text:
Chaudhry Muhammad Iqbal Gujjar (born 6 July 1943) is a Pakistani politician who had been a Member of the Provincial Assembly of the Punjab from August 2018 till January 2023. He has been Provincial Minister and Member of the Provincial Assembly of the Punjab several times between 1985 and May 2018. He is the most popular and power-full politician of punjab. He is the only politician contesting 10 elections and winning each election. He remains unbeated in last 40 years.

Early life and education
He was born on 6 July 1943 in Gurdaspur, India.

He graduated in 1963 from Government College, Sheikhupura and has the degree of Bachelor of Arts.

Political career
He was elected to the Provincial Assembly of the Punjab from Constituency PP-137 (Gujranwala) in 1985 Pakistani general election. During his tenure as Member of the Punjab Assembly, he served as Provincial Minister of Punjab for Revenue, Relief and Consolidations in the cabinet of Chief Minister Nawaz Sharif.

He was re-elected to the Provincial Assembly of the Punjab from Constituency PP-85 (Gujranwala) in 1988 Pakistani general election and served as Provincial Minister of Punjab for Information in the cabinet of Chief Minister Nawaz Sharif.

He was re-elected to the Provincial Assembly of the Punjab as a candidate of Islami Jamhoori Ittehad from Constituency PP-85 (Gujranwala) in 1990 Pakistani general election and served as Provincial Minister of Punjab for Agriculture in the cabinet of Chief Minister Ghulam Haider Wyne.

He was re-elected to the Provincial Assembly of the Punjab as a candidate of Pakistan Muslim League (N) (PML-N) from Constituency PP-85 (Gujranwala) in 1993 Pakistani general election.

He was re-elected to the Provincial Assembly of the Punjab as a candidate of PML-N from Constituency PP-85 (Gujranwala) in 1997 Pakistani general election and served as Provincial Minister of Punjab for Irrigation and Power in the cabinet of Chief Minister Shehbaz Sharif.

He was re-elected to the Provincial Assembly of the Punjab as a candidate of Pakistan Muslim League (Q) (PML-Q) from Constituency PP-98 (Gujranwala-VIII) in 2002 Pakistani general election. He served as Provincial Minister of Punjab for Food from January 2003 to November 2006. In December 2006, he was made Provincial Minister of Punjab for Health.

He ran for the seat of the Provincial Assembly of the Punjab as a candidate of PML-Q from Constituency PP-98 (Gujranwala-VIII) in 2008 Pakistani general election but was unsuccessful and lost the seat to a candidate of Pakistan Peoples Party.

He was re-elected to the Provincial Assembly of the Punjab as a candidate of PML-N from Constituency PP-98 (Gujranwala-VIII) in 2013 Pakistani general election.

He was re-elected to the Provincial Assembly of the Punjab as a candidate of PML-N from Constituency PP-63 (Gujranwala-XIII) in 2018 Pakistani general election. Following his successful election, PML-N nominated him for the office of Speaker of the Provincial Assembly of the Punjab. On 16 August 2018, he received 147 votes and lost the seat to Chaudhry Pervaiz Elahi who secured 201 votes.

References

1943 births
Living people
Punjab MPAs 1985–1988
Punjab MPAs 1988–1990
Punjab MPAs 1990–1993
Punjab MPAs 1993–1996
Punjab MPAs 1997–1999
Punjab MPAs 2002–2007
Punjab MPAs 2013–2018
Pakistan Muslim League (N) MPAs (Punjab)
Punjab MPAs 2018–2023


title: Sitgreaves House

text:
Sitgreaves House, also known as the Crowe House, is a historic home located at Laurens, Laurens County, South Carolina. It was built about 1907, and is a -story, story, frame residence sheathed in weatherboarding with elements of the Queen Anne and Colonial Revival styles. It features a tent-roof tower, hipped roof, and porch with Doric order columns.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.

References

Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Queen Anne architecture in South Carolina
Colonial Revival architecture in South Carolina
Houses completed in 1907
Houses in Laurens County, South Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in Laurens County, South Carolina


title: Jan Ekström (author)

text:
Jan Olof Ekström (2 November 1923 in Falun, Sweden – 17 August 2013) was a Swedish author and adman.

Biography
Jan Ekström has lived in Gislaved but graduated in Växjö. He studied national economy, Slavic languages, English and statistics in Lund, thereafter he studied at the Handelshögskolan in Stockholm. He was in the beginning of the 80's co-owner of the ad firm "Ekström & Lindmark". He has also lived in Paris, France.

As an author Jan Ekström debuted 1961 with "Döden fyller år" (The Death's Birthday) and the next year he introduced his problem-solver, the red haired and opera loving detective Bertil Durell. For "Träfracken" (The wood tuxedo) he got Expressens Sherlock-award. Jan Ekström is most famous as an author of mystery novels with complicated intrigue, though he has written romans and articles to trade presses. Jan Ekström was also a member of Svenska Deckarakademin (the Swedish Detective Story Academy).

The novel Ålkistan (The Eel Chest) is claimed to be one of the few Swedish examples of a successful answer on the locked room mystery.

The novels Träfracken and Morianerna also exists in film form.

Bibliography
 Döden fyller år (1961)
 Döden går i moln (1962)
 Träfracken (1963) (Also filmed in 1966)
 Morianerna (1964) (Also filmed in 1965)
 Daggormen (1965)
 Ålkistan (1967)
 Elddansen (1970)
 Sagan om kommunen som ville bygga rationellt (1975)
 Ättestupan (1975)
 Mannen i berget (1979)
 Svarta veckan vid Lycée international de St-Germain-en-Laye (1983)
 Blommor till Rose (1986)
 Uniformen (1987)
 Noveller Julen 1989 (1989)
 Vildfikonträdet (1994)

Prices and awards
 Sherlock-priset, 1963
 Svenska Deckarakademin's Grand Master-diploma, 1997

Sources
 Kjell E Genbergs Deckarsidor
 Albert Bonniers förlag

Footnotes

Swedish male writers
1923 births
2013 deaths
Swedish writers


title: Svenja Huber

text:
Svenja Huber (born 23 October 1985) is a German handball player for Borussia Dortmund and the German national team.

References

1985 births
Living people
German female handball players
Sportspeople from Mannheim


title: Michael Owen (psychiatrist)

text:
Sir Michael John Owen FRCPsych FMedSci FLSW is a Welsh research scientist in the area of psychiatry, currently the head of the Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences at Cardiff University.

Professor Owen is also the Director of Cardiff University's MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics and Emeritus Director of the Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute.

Career
Owen studied medicine and neurosciences at Birmingham University, gaining a B.Sc. in anatomy in 1977 and a PhD in neuroscience in 1982, and qualifying MB ChB in 1983. He then trained in Psychiatry at Northwick Park and the Maudsley Hospital, London, obtaining his MRCPsych in 1987.

He then undertook an MRC Fellowship in John Hardy's lab at St Mary's Hospital, London before moving to Cardiff in 1990. He was awarded a personal chair in 1995 and the chair in Psychological Medicine and Headship of the Department of Psychological Medicine in 1998.

His research has focused on the genetics of major psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders and he has made notable contributions to the study of schizophrenia and Alzheimer disease. He has studied the impact of genetic risk factors across diagnostic boundaries and developed a theoretical framework to understand the relationship between different neurodevelopmental disorders. He has also identified specific genes and sets of proteins involved in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia and Alzheimer's disease, which are potential therapeutic targets.

As well as continuing his work on psychiatric genetics, he is currently undertaking research aimed at translating recent genetic findings into a greater understanding of disease mechanisms and into the development of novel biomarkers to aid classification and diagnosis.

Awards
In recognition of his achievements Professor Owen was elected to Fellowship of the Royal College of Psychiatrists in 1997, the Fellowship of the Academy of Medical Sciences in 1999 and the Fellowship of the Learned Society of Wales in 2012.

In 2011, he was awarded the Stromgren Medal for psychiatric research, in 2012 the Lieber Prize jointly with Professor Michael O'Donovan for schizophrenia research, and in 2013 the William K Warren Distinguished Investigator Award for schizophrenia research.

He was also awarded the Lifetime Achievement Award of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics in 2015, and the British Neuroscience Association Award for Outstanding Contribution to Neuroscience in 2017.

Professor Owen was knighted in the 2014 Birthday Honours for services to neuroscience and mental health.

References

External links
Personal website

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
British psychiatrists
Academics of Cardiff University
Knights Bachelor
Alumni of the University of Birmingham
Psychiatric geneticists

Fellows of the Learned Society of Wales


title: Williams-Ball-Copeland House

text:
Williams-Ball-Copeland House, also known as the Franks House, The Villa, Hampton Heights, and Baptist Retirement Center, is a historic home located at Laurens, Laurens County, South Carolina. It was built about 1859-1861 as a summer residence.  It is a two-story, Italianate style brick residence with a stuccoed and scored exterior.  Also on the property are two, small, brick outbuildings; originally the summer kitchen and the other was a combination smokehouse and food storage house.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.

References

Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Italianate architecture in South Carolina
Houses completed in 1861
Houses in Laurens County, South Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in Laurens County, South Carolina
1861 establishments in South Carolina


title: Inner Crail to Outer Space

text:
Inner Crail To Outer Space is the third studio album by King Creosote, released in 1998.

Track listing
For The Last Time - Hello
Dressing Up As Girls
Camels Swapped For Wives
Visiting Hours
Promises
Your Happy Day
I.O.W.A.
Eight And The Same
A Friday Night In New York
Let It Come
A Breeze
Hymn
Over
Or Is It?

1998 albums
King Creosote albums


title: Allen Dial House

text:
Allen Dial House, located on Cedar Valley Farm, is a historic home located near Laurens, Laurens County, South Carolina. It was built about 1855, and is a -story, rectangular frame dwelling sheathed in narrow width weatherboard in a vernacular interpretation of the Greek Revival style. It sits on a high stuccoed masonry foundation.  The front facade features a pedimented portico supported by four paired and fluted pillars.  Also on the property is a rectangular one-story outbuilding, originally a kitchen.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

Cedar Valley Farm was acquired by Charles Carrington Herbert, Sr. and his wife Mary Herbert, in 1950. They lived in the Allen Dial House on the farm, until their deaths in 2016 and 2018, respectively.  Cedar Valley Farm was acquired by William P. Crawford, Jr. and Marion R. Crawford in 2018.

Cedar Valley Farm consists of approximately 515 acres of hardwood and pine forests, as well as several ponds.

References

Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Greek Revival houses in South Carolina
Houses completed in 1855
Houses in Laurens County, South Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in Laurens County, South Carolina


title: Nathaniel T. Helman

text:
Nathaniel T. Helman (February 10, 1905 – October 31, 1993) was an American lawyer and politician from New York.

Life
He was born on February 10, 1905, in New York City. He married Minnie (1910–2004), and they had two sons.

Helman was a member of the New York State Senate from 1950 to 1960, sitting in the 167th, 168th, 169th, 170th, 171st and 172nd New York State Legislatures. He was a delegate to the 1956 Democratic National Convention, and an alternate delegate to the 1960 Democratic National Convention. In November 1960, he was elected to the City Court.

He was a justice of the City Court in 1961. He resigned on September 19, and in November 1961 was elected to the New York Supreme Court. He was a justice of the Supreme Court from 1962 to 1981.

He died on October 31, 1993, in Lenox Hill Hospital in Manhattan, of cancer.

References

1905 births
1993 deaths
Democratic Party New York (state) state senators
New York Supreme Court Justices
Politicians from the Bronx
Lawyers from the Bronx
20th-century American judges
20th-century American politicians


title: Icon (Ice Cube album)

text:
Icon is a compilation album by American hip hop artist Ice Cube. Consisting of songs from previous albums such as AmeriKKKa's Most Wanted, The Predator, War & Peace Vol. 1 (The War Disc), War & Peace Vol. 2 (The Peace Disc), Lethal Injection, and Death Certificate, it contains classic hits including "It Was a Good Day", "Steady Mobbin'", and "Check Yo Self". The collection, which includes 11 songs, is essentially a repackaged version of Ice Cube's 10 Great Songs album with the addition of "What Can I Do?" Released in 2013, the album grossed 50,000 sales globally according to Statistic Brain. Although the number of sales doesn't compete with some of his earlier work, the popularity of many of the tracks propelled this collection to critical acclaim.

Track listing

References

Ice Cube albums
2013 compilation albums


title: Claudio Linati

text:
Claudio Linati (1 February 1790 – 11 December 1832) was an Italian painter and lithographer who studied under Jacques-Louis David in Paris and established the first lithographic press in Mexico. He co-founded and edited El Iris, a periodical that published the first political cartoons in Mexico, and was forced to leave the country for his political activism. Linati was also involved in revolutionary causes in Italy and Spain. He is known for his hand-colored book illustrating costumes of different types of people in Mexico.

Early years

Marcos Claudio Marcelo Antonio Pompeyo Blas Juan Linati y Prevost was born into a noble family in Carbonera de Parma, in the Duchy of Parma, on 1 February 1790, just after the start of the French Revolution.
His father, count Filippo Linati, was active in the politics of his time.
Claudio Linati was educated by the jurist Giuseppe Caderini. At the age of seventeen Claudio Linati joined the Society of Engravers of Parma, designing and engraving the portrait of the famous artist-priest Andrea Amoretti, co-worker of Giambattista Bodoni.

He studied lithography, a recently invented technique for printing images. In 1809 he went to Paris, where he studied painting in the studio of Jacques-Louis David.
Linati also studied in the Paris studio of fellow-Italian Gioacchino Giuseppe Serangeli.

Count Linati became an officer in the Napoleonic army.
In 1810 he was imprisoned in Hungary. After his release he moved to Spain.
In 1818 he returned to Parma, where he founded the Secret Society of the Sublime Perfect Master, with the goal of resisting tyranny.
In 1821 Linati was in Barcelona, leading the Migueletes militia. He came to own considerable property in Catalonia.
In 1823 he was taken prisoner in La Seu d'Urgell and sent as a prisoner to Mont-Louis in France.
In October 1823 he was in Avignon, and soon after was in Brussels.
On 9 April 1824 Linati was tried in absentia and sentenced to death by the Supreme Court of Parma for conspiracy against the government.

Mexico

Linati was commissioned to survey the coast of Mexico and find an anchorage for the ships and machines of mining companies.
He arrived at Alvarado, Veracruz, Mexico on 6 March 1825.
This was the year in which the last Spanish stronghold in San Juan de Ulúa surrendered.
On 22 September 1825 Linati moved to Veracruz to study lithography.
In 1826 he moved to Mexico City, where the government assisted him in opening a lithography workshop.
He and Gaspar Franchini installed the first lithography machine to arrive in Mexico in February 1826.
Franchini died while the machine was being installed.

Linati also set up a school, with pupils who included José Gracida and Ignacio Serrano.
The small workshop included two presses and a collection of prints by French artists for use as examples by the students.
Not long after arriving Linati made a lithograph of a map of Texas by Fiorenzo Galli.
A copy of this map, the only one known to have survived, is held by the Center for American History at the University of Texas at Austin.

Linati had come to Mexico to observe a newly independent country and to "civilize" and politicize its people.
He was one of the editors of the weekly El Iris (February–August 1826).
His partners in this enterprise were Fiorenzo Galli and the Cuban poet José María Heredia.
The literary periodical included lithographs depicting antiquities and modern fashions.
It also provided diverse cultural content, and portraits of Guadalupe Victoria, José María Morelos and Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, heroes of the independence struggle.

El Iris also included editorial content that sparked controversy.
Linati was sure there would be another attempt by Spain to conquer Mexico.
He and Galli became involved in the disputes between Yorkinos and Escoceses, rival groups of Freemasons.
Linati took the Yorkino position that the people were sovereign, and only federalism could protect individuals and the nation against the depredations of the army and the priests.
He was opposed to strong central authority and in favor of greater education in citizenship and the discipline of military service.

The paper published the first Mexican political cartoon, La Tiranía (Tyranny), which was attributed to Linati.
El Iris demanded freedom of the press throughout Mexico.
Only forty issues were printed.
The political comments caused the closure of the paper and forced Linati to leave the country in 1826.
Although short-lived, El Iris established a lasting model for journals that printed satirical lithographs on political and social subjects.

Later years

Linati was given a passport to return to Europe on 27 September 1826. In December 1826 he embarked on the Conveyance in Veracruz, sailing to New York City, where he stayed until 15 January 1827. He then embarked on the American ship Dawn for Antwerp, which he reached on 15 March 1827.
He went on to Brussels and began work on an illustrated book about Mexico.
His book of Mexican civil, military and religious costumes, with text and illustrations, was published in Belgium in 1828 and in London in 1830.

On 20 August 1829 a passport was sent to Linati to return Mexico via Le Havre and the United States, but was not used immediately.
It was issued by senor Gorostiza, the confidential agent of the Republic of Mexico in Brussels.
In 1830 Linati was one of the members of the Paris-based Giunta Liberatrice Italian.
He was involved in the unsuccessful attempts at Italian unification in 1830–31.
Linati decided to return to Mexico. He arrived in Tampico, Tamaulipas, Mexico, and three days later died from yellow fever on 11 December 1832.

Claudio Linati is remembered for his liberal revolutionary ideals and his artistic and historical legacy.
Sir Anthony Panizzi, who knew him well, called him a man of turbulent spirit with a hardy constitution, full of energy but with no set purpose, well-read, a painter, poet and playwright. He was always interested in the manners and customs of the countries he visited.
He hated England and the English, called the French servile cattle for their submission to tyranny, and said Spain was in a condition of priestly anarchy.
There is a plaque on 45 Borgo Felino St, Parma, Italy, that reads:

Civil, Military and Religious Costumes of Mexico

Linati is renowned for his 1828 Civil, Military and Religious Costumes of Mexico (, ). This is the first inventory of types of Mexican people made by a foreigner.
It is also one of the first color plate books about Mexico to be printed, with forty-eight hand-colored lithographs.
The book depicts the great variety of Mexican society of the time, setting a model that would be followed by later illustrators such as Carl Nebel.
The book was translated into Spanish and published in Mexico in 1956, with a foreword by Manuel Toussaint.

The first plate in the book depicts Moctezuma II, a symbol of the Mexico that existed before the Europeans arrived.
Linati represents Moctezuma as a strong and dignified ruler holding his scepter as a symbol of power.
Linati disputes the view that the Aztecs were barbarous, asserting that human progress and civilization is universal.
He compares the cruelty of the Aztec priests to the cruelty of the Roman Catholic Inquisition, both examples of the evils of superstition.
Linati praises the ethnic diversity of Mexico, but writes that the indigenous people must abandon their languages and some of their customs.
They must learn in schools from the Creole elite and serve in the army to become full citizens.

The book shows the wealth and dignity of landowners.
Linati praises the role the Creoles played in the revolution, but also makes much of Italian volunteers such as Count Giuseppe Stavoli and General Vicente Filisola who had helped in the fight for freedom, and who are depicted in several illustrations.
He shows various types of soldier and praises the fighters in the insurgent movement that had recently won Mexico her independence.
He also depicts the liberal heroes José María Morelos and Guadalupe Victoria.
The book includes a portrait of General Vicente Filisola.
In 1836 this general would be second in command to General Antonio López de Santa Anna on his expedition to Texas.

The book represents Mexican men and women of all stations of life.
The brief essays that accompany each picture describe the costume and comment on aspects of the character depicted, often critically.
Linati mocks a young female worker in a pink dress with a shawl from Puebla over her head and shoulders, explains why ancient Mexico did not develop wheat and notes the surprise a European would feel in seeing a man carrying fifty pounds of water.
One picture shows an Apache chief sitting in a relaxed position on a prancing horse, showing his great skill as a rider.
There are illustrations of stylishly dressed and picturesquely posed Afro-Mexican soldiers and laborers.
It has been said that Linati's depictions of Afro-Mexicans were less stereotypical than others at the time, but the scenes are still romanticized.

The pictures provide a valuable record of life in Mexico in the 1820s.
However, they are not always reliable. The colors, added later, may vary from one copy of the book to another.
Thus the picture of the Apache chief in one version shows a pale green headdress and pale blue necklace, while another version has an intense green headdress and intense blue necklace. The shield is not decorated with feathers, which would have normally been the case, in either version.
In one version the coloring of the shield makes it appear to be woven like a basket rather than made from the hide of an animal.

Other publications
Other publications containing Linati's work include:
 Acuarelas y litografías, 1993
 Poesie politiche, 1811 – 1824 di Claudio Linati e Gabriele Rossetti ; [a cura di Alessandro Galante Garrone]
 Nozioni elementari di arte e storia militare : ad uso degli ufficiali di fanteria del conte C. Linati
 ''Claudio Linati : 1790–1832 : [Epistolario, le poesie politiche di C. L. e scritti di vari autori su C. L.

See also
Ignacio Serrano

References
Notes

Citations

Sources

1790 births
1832 deaths
19th-century Italian painters
Italian male painters
Italian lithographers
Italian emigrants to Mexico
19th-century Italian male artists


title: Irby-Henderson-Todd House

text:
Irby-Henderson-Todd House is a historic home located at Laurens, Laurens County, South Carolina. It was built about 1838 and was enlarged in both 1855 and 1880, and displays an architectural evolution from an antebellum farmhouse to a Classical Revival mansion with later Victorian details.  Distinctive features include the two-story pedimented portico. Also on the property is a 19th-century well house (smokehouse).

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.

References

Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Neoclassical architecture in South Carolina
Houses completed in 1838
Houses in Laurens County, South Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in Laurens County, South Carolina


title: JNR Class ED73

text:
The  was a Bo-Bo wheel arrangement AC electric locomotive type operated by Japanese National Railways (JNR) in Kyushu, Japan, between 1962 and the 1980s.

Design
The Class ED73 design was broadly derived from the Class ED72 locomotives introduced a year earlier, but as the Class ED73 was primarily intended for use on freight services, it did not include a steam generator for train heating, and was therefore  shorter than the Bo-2-Bo wheel arrangement Class ED72. The DT119B bogies were also almost identical to those used on the full-production Class ED72 locomotives.

History
A total of 22 locomotives were built by Toshiba between 1962 and 1963. The first locomotives were delivered to Moji Depot in northern Kyushu.

In the late 1960s, the entire class was modified with improved braking performance for use on express freight services, and the locomotives were renumbered in the ED73 10xx series. The locomotive numbers were painted yellow at this time. In later years, the class was also used on overnight sleeping car services, as these trains did not require steam heating.

The class was withdrawn by the early 1980s. No examples of the class have been preserved.

Classification

The ED73 classification for this locomotive type is explained below.
 E: Electric locomotive
 D: Four driving axles
 7x: AC locomotive with maximum speed exceeding

References

Electric locomotives of Japan
Bo-Bo locomotives
Toshiba locomotives
1067 mm gauge locomotives of Japan
Railway locomotives introduced in 1962


title: Trochus chloromphalus

text:
Trochus chloromphalus is a species of small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Trochidae, the top snails.

Description
The height of the shell attains 19 mm, its diameter 22 mm. The thick, false-umbilicate shell has a conoid shape with an acute apex. It contains eight whorls, the first yellowish, the following planulate, greenish, ornamented with flexuous brown lines. They are separated by a slightly impressed suture and spirally cingulate. The penultimate whorl has about 7 granose unequal ridges, the upper two large, third and fifth smaller. The body whorl is carinated, plano-concave beneath, with 7 concentric lirae, slightly or not at all granulose, separated by obliquely striated interstices. The aperture is rhomboidal, grooved within, the basal margin subcrenate. The oblique columella is folded above, compressed in the middle and toothless. The umbilical area is funnel-shaped, like an umbilicus. It is bordered with intense green.

Distribution
This marine species occurs off Japan and in the Indo-Pacific.

References

External links

chloromphalus
Gastropods described in 1851


title: Laura Manzanedo

text:
Laura Manzanedo  is a Spanish actress and presenter of radio.

Biography

She was born in Usera, Madrid (Spain) on April 18, 1976.

Laura studied Spanish dance in Real Escuela Superior de Danza e interpretación in the Real Escuela Superior de Arte Dramático of Madrid.

Her most important role as actress was as Clara in the TV serie: Al salir de clase (Telecinco). She was a lesbian student who fell in love with Miriam.

Yo soy Bea

The following year, in April 2008 she was first cover of the Interviú magazine. Three years later, in 2011, she Malasaña neighbourhood.

In January 2009, she joined as a presenter in the program Ponte A Prueba on Europa FM radio station. For his work on the radio, she has been dubbed Diva de la Noche.

In the second week of June 2014, she was on the cover of Interviú magazine. She was to support Spain national football team in Brazil World Cup.

References

External links

Spanish actresses
Spanish radio people
1976 births
Living people


title: Disclaimer (King Creosote album)

text:
Disclaimer is the seventeenth studio album by King Creosote, released in 2001.

Track listing
Carrion Place
Waltz Off With The Watch
Only Been Gone One Day
To Look Like Yachts
My Books
6-7-8
Why Don't We Go Dancing Anymore?
I'm Up A Plum Tree
And I Mean 'S'
Gender Specific Toys
Hitch Hiker's Guide To The Yokey
In Need Of A Smile
Alias Etcetera
John Taylor Starts His Month Away
Where's Gordon?
Bal-a-leery
Pos Pos Pat
Bum Chord

2001 albums
King Creosote albums


title: South Harper Historic District

text:
South Harper Historic District is a national historic district located at Laurens, Laurens County, South Carolina. It encompasses 44 contributing buildings in a residential section of Laurens. It includes a collection of early-20th century vernacular residences and houses that range in date from the early-19th century to about 1935, with almost half having been built during the first decade of the 20th century.  Architectural styles include Neo-Classical, Queen Anne, Colonial Revival, and Bungalow.  Notable dwellings include the Hix-Blackwell House (c. 1857), H. Douglas Gray House (c. 1910), Machen-Long House (c. 1905), and Gov. Robert Archer Cooper House (c. 1905).

The South Harper Historic District was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.

References

Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Queen Anne architecture in South Carolina
Colonial Revival architecture in South Carolina
Neoclassical architecture in South Carolina
Houses in Laurens County, South Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in Laurens County, South Carolina
1986 establishments in South Carolina


title: Middle Brother (album)

text:
Middle Brother is the eponymous debut album by the folk-rock band Middle Brother, released on March 1, 2011 on Partisan Records. The band members, all of whom had been in their own bands before forming Middle Brother, described the band's debut album as a "one-off" that they didn't want to take precedence over their original projects.

Background and recording
The album's songs, along with 10 others that were not included on it, were recorded at Adam Landry's home Playground Sound in Nashville, Tennessee over a week-long period. The album also contains songs from each of Middle Brother's members' other bands that never made it onto their previous groups' albums. In March 2010, Middle Brother, then known as "MG&V", played their first show at SXSW, where they said they would release an album soon, depending on their bands' tour schedules.

Critical reception
The album received mainly positive reviews from critics; for instance, Doug Freeman praised the way that "McCauley's caustic growl gets softened by the smoother tenors of Goldsmith and Vasquez." Ken Tucker also reviewed the album favorably in an article written for NPR, in which he compared Middle Brother to Crosby, Stills and Nash—the collaboration between David Crosby, Stephen Stills and Graham Nash that was originally conceived as a one-time collaboration. Tucker stated that the similarities lie in how each member helps the other achieve a musical effect the other wants.

Track listing
 Daydreaming (McCauley)
 Blue Eyes (Vasquez)
 Thanks For Nothing (Goldsmith)
 Middle Brother (McCauley, Goldsmith, Johnny Corndawg)
 Theater (Vasquez)
 Portland (Replacements Cover)
 Wilderness (Goldsmith)
 Me Me Me (McCauley)
 Someday (Vasquez)
 Blood and Guts (Goldsmith)
 Mom and Dad (McCauley)
 Million Dollar Bill (Goldsmith)

Personnel
Jonny Corndawg—Vocals on "Middle Brother"
Taylor Goldsmith—Vocals
Jason Isbell—Guitar on "Blood and Guts"
Adam Landry—Producer
John J. McCauley III—Vocals
Matthew Vasquez—Vocals

References

2011 debut albums
Middle Brother (band) albums
Partisan Records albums


title: Laurens County Courthouse

text:
Laurens County Courthouse is a historic courthouse located at Laurens, Laurens County, South Carolina.

History
It was constructed in 1837–1838, and is a granite ashlar and brick Greek Revival style building. The original projecting porticoes in the front and rear have four Corinthian order columns and two simple pilasters.  Wings were added in 1858, and in 1911 further additions were made to the wings, the windows remodeled, and the Palladian stairways added. At this time the low elliptical dome was constructed.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1972.  It is located in the Laurens Historic District.

Gallery

References

External links

 South Carolina Picture Project

Buildings and structures in Laurens County, South Carolina
County courthouses in South Carolina
Courthouses on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Government buildings completed in 1838
Greek Revival architecture in South Carolina
Historic district contributing properties in South Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in Laurens County, South Carolina


The Charlestown Main Street Historic District encompasses the historic heart of Charlestown, New Hampshire.  It is located along Main Street (New Hampshire Route 12), roughly between Lower Landing Road and Bridge Street, and encapsulates more than two hundred years of the town's history.  The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1987.

Charlestown, located on the banks of the Connecticut River in southwestern New Hampshire, was chartered as Number Four by the Province of Massachusetts Bay in 1734, and rechartered by the Province of New Hampshire in 1753.  Massachusetts built a fort (recreated as a museum in the Fort at Number 4, north of the district) in 1740, which was for some time the northernmost European settlement on the river.  Development of Charlestown's center did not begin until 1763, when Main Street was laid out.  There are ten buildings in the district which were built before 1800, including a 1772 brick schoolhouse, now a private home, and the c. 1752 Johnson House.

Most of the development in central Charlestown took place in the 19th century.  A number of buildings which survived a major fire in 1842 where Federal-style buildings designed by local builder Stephen Hassam, including his own house (c. 1800), the Rick's Electric building at 72 Main, and the former Connecticut River Bank building.  The latter two are particularly fine examples of Federal style executed in brick.  Also attributed to Hassam is the brick South Parish Unitarian Church (1842).

Notable buildings of the second half of the 19th century include the Italianate Town Hall (separately listed on the National Register), and St. Luke's Episcopal Church, a wood-frame Gothic Revival structure inspired by the works of Richard Upjohn.  The Silsby Free Library was built 1893–94, funded by a bequest from Ithiel Silsby, and built in the Richardsonian Romanesque style to a design by Boston, Massachusetts, architect C. C. McAlpine.

See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Sullivan County, New Hampshire

References

Federal architecture in New Hampshire
Greek Revival architecture in New Hampshire
Historic districts in Sullivan County, New Hampshire
Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in New Hampshire
National Register of Historic Places in Sullivan County, New Hampshire
Charlestown, New Hampshire


title: H. Louis Nichols

text:
H. Louis Nichols (November 7, 1916 – April 25, 2010) was an attorney who resided in Dallas, Texas. He is the only known attorney who visited Lee Harvey Oswald while Oswald was in custody by the Dallas Police Department after the assassination of President John F. Kennedy.

Biography
Nichols was a graduate of the Southern Methodist University Law School, class of 1940. He was a lawyer in Dallas for over 60 years, practicing Civil Law. Nichols was a member of the American Bar Association; Texas Bar Association and other legal associations. During World War II, he served in the Army Corps of Engineers (1941–1946), and later retired from the United States Army Reserve in 1968, holding the rank of colonel.

Lee Harvey Oswald
Nichols stated that by 2:00 pm on Saturday, November 23, 1963, he began receiving telephone calls from Dallas attorneys who were concerned that Oswald was stating he had no legal representation while being questioned by the Dallas Police Department. Oswald was being questioned at the time with regards to the assassination of President Kennedy as well as the shooting of Dallas Police officer J. D. Tippit. Law school deans were contacting the Dallas Bar Association expressing concern that "only a legal backwater would deny an attorney to a murder suspect".

Nichols, who practiced civil law in the Dallas area was the president of the Dallas Bar Association at the time. In 1963, criminal suspects in Texas had no right to a lawyer while being questioned. However, Nichols was concerned and believed that Oswald needed legal representation, despite the fact that it was clear Oswald was unable to pay for an attorney to represent him. He decided to go to the Dallas Police Department and offer his services, despite the fact he was unfamiliar with criminal law.

Upon arrival at the Police Department, he announced to police officials he was an attorney and was there to speak to Oswald. He was accompanied to Oswald's cell, where he found him sitting by himself between two empty adjacent cells, with a police officer just outside the door of the cell. Oswald was calm and rested in the cell with a bruise over one eye. He stated that the police were holding him "incommunicado" and denied killing either Kennedy or Tippit.

Oswald stated to Nichols that he wanted John Abt, an attorney from New York to represent him. Abt was associated with the American Civil Liberties Union. Nichols asked Oswald if he wanted him or a Dallas lawyer to represent him. Oswald stated "No, not right now."

Nichols then left Oswald to be alone in his cell and departed from the Dallas Police station. Nichols' visit with Oswald lasted approximately two minutes. Oswald was killed the next day by Jack Ruby.

References

External links

1916 births
2010 deaths
Southern Methodist University alumni
People associated with the assassination of John F. Kennedy
People from Collin County, Texas
United States Army personnel of World War II
Texas lawyers


title: Passeirer Gebirgsziege

text:
The Passeirer Gebirgsziege or Capra Passiria is an Italian breed of domestic goat indigenous to the Passeier valley or Val Passiria, in the Autonomous Province of Bolzano in north-eastern Italy. It is raised in that valley and in the neighbouring Sarntal (Val Sarentino), Schnalstal (Val Senales) and upper Wipptal (Alta Vall'Isarco) valleys; it is also present in neighbouring areas of southern Austria. While of Alpine type, it is morphologically quite distinct from the Alpina Comune goat breed. Management is extensive: the animals are kept on alpine pasture from early spring to late autumn.

The Passeirer Gebirgsziege is one of the forty-three autochthonous Italian goat breeds of limited distribution for which a herdbook is kept by the Associazione Nazionale della Pastorizia, the Italian national association of sheep- and goat-breeders. At the end of 2013 the registered population was variously reported as 3354 and as 2531. The population reported for 2021 was just over  head, and the conservation status of the breed in 2023 was 'not at risk'.

References

Goat breeds
Meat goat breeds
Goat breeds originating in Italy


title: Risalat al-Huquq

text:
Risālat al-Ḥuqūq  (, , ) is a work attributed to Ali ibn al-Husayn, the great-grandson of the Islamic prophet, Muhammad, and the fourth Shia Imam, also known by the honorific title Zayn al-Abidin (). According to Chittick, Risalat al-Huquq is as an elaboration of a saying by Muhammad about individual rights that illustrates how Islam diverges from the modern western notions of human rights, though it remains close to other religious traditions. Risalat al-Huquq is related by Abu Hamza al-Thumali, a close confidante of Zayn al-Abidin. The first version of Risalat al-Huquq appears in al-Khisal and al-Amali by Shaykh al-Suduq, and the second one in Tuhaf al-Uqul by Ibn Shu'ba. In one of its two versions, Risalat al-Huquq is prefaced by the sentence "This is the treatise of Ali ibn al-Husayn to one of his companions," suggesting that it was brought to life at the request of a disciple.

Human rights in Risalat al-Huquq
Risalat al-Huquq has been viewed as an elaboration of Muhammad's saying, "Surely your Lord has a right against you, your self has a right against you, your wife has a right against you." Some other versions of this well-attested hadith, possibly uttered on other occasions, include other rights and the clause, "So give to everyone who possesses a right his right." In Risalat al-Huquq, Zayn al-Abidin exhaustively details what is meant by "everyone who possesses a right," basing himself in the Quran and the hadith literature.

 () in the title is the plural for  () and is often translated as 'rights', though other closely related words are 'justice', 'truth', 'obligations', 'duties', and 'responsibilities'. Even though Risalat al-Huquq has been translated asTreatise of Rights, a better translation of  here might have been 'duties', 'obligations', or 'responsibilities'. This is because Risalat al-Huquq is primarily concerned with the rights of others which the individual must observe, in sharp contrast with western views where human rights are often interpreted as the rights of the individual. In Islam, however, the fundamental (and perhaps only) right of the individual is that of salvation, to attain which the individual must follow the guidance of God in the form of . Without this divine guidance, Islam maintains that the individual is unable to perceive his best interests in the midst of his own ego and self-centered desires.

Authenticity
Risalat al-Huquq, attributed to Zayn al-Abidin, appears in
 al-Khisal by Shaykh al-Suduq
 al-Amali by Shaykh al-Suduq
 Man La Yahdhuruhu al-Faqih by Shaykh al-Suduq
 Tuhaf al-Uqul by Ibn Shu'ba
The author of Tuhaf al-Uqul does not identify his sources, while al-Suduq provides in his al-Khisal the chain of transmission:

In hadith terminology, Risalat al-Huquq is transmitted as  in Man La Yahdhuruhu Al-Faqih, which provides the chain of transmission:

Transmitted in two versions, Risalat al-Huquq begins with "The greatest right of God..." in Man La Yahdhuruhu al-Faqih, which does not include the brief overview of the rights as it appears in Tuhaf al-Uqul. In the latter source, the number of rights introduced and then detailed in the body of Risalat al-Huquq are fifty, while al-Suduq details fifty-one rights and the additional "right of hajj" in his al-Khisal and Man La Yahdhuruhu Al-Faqih. There is, however, no mention of the "right of hajj" in the introduction to Risalat al-Huquq in al-Khisal.

Chittick similarly writes that there are two versions of Risalat al-Huquq, one in al-Khisal and al-Amali, and the other in Tuhaf al-Uqul. The latter version appears to be a later recession, which has been edited for clarity. Chittick follows the former version in his translation.

Contents
Risalat al-Huquq begins with an introduction, which is followed by a detailed statement of the rights. The introduction briefly overviews the rights and begins as

The rights of God
The Greatest Right of God
The rights of yourself and your body organs
The right of the tongue
The right of hearing
The right of sight
The right of the legs
The right of the hand
The right of the stomach
The right of the private part

The right of deeds
The right of the prayer
The right of fasting
The right of the pilgrimage
The right of the charity
The right of the offering

The right of the leaders
The right of the possessor of authority
The right of the trainer through knowledge
The right of the trainer through ownership

The Right of the Subjects
The right of subjects through authority
The right of subjects through knowledge
The right of the wife
The right of your slave

The rights of relationship
The right of the mother
The right of the father
The right of the child
The right of the brother

The Right of Others
The right of the master
The right of the formerly enslaved person
The right of the one who treats you kindly
The right of the caller to prayer
The right of the ritual prayer leader
The right of the sitting companion
The right of the neighbor
The right of the companion
The right of the partner
The right of property
The right of the creditor
The right of the associate
The right of the adversary
The right of him who seeks your advice
The right of him whose advice you seek
The right of him who seeks your counsel
The right of the counselor
The right of the older one
The right of the younger one
The right of him who asks you
The right of whom you ask
The right of him through whom God makes you happy
The right of him who wrongs you
The right of people of your creed
The right of those under the protection of Islam
The concluding words of Zayn al-Abidin are

Treatise of Life
The documentary Treatise of Life is about the life style that is mindful of the rights in Risalatul Huquq. It was directed by Amir Farrokh Saber, an Iranian director, and broadcast on the IRIB news channel.

See also

 Sahifah of al-Ridha
 Al-Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya
 Nahj al-Balagha
 Al-Risalah al-Dhahabiah
 The Fifteen Whispered Prayers
 List of Shia books

References

External links
 al-islam.org
 The Charter of Rights translated to English by Sayyid Saeed Akhtar Rizvi
 Al-Risalat al-Huquq

Shia literature
Islamic culture
Human rights in Islam
History of human rights
Treatises


title: Salitage Wines

text:
Salitage Wines (often referred to simply as Salitage) is an Australian winery at Pemberton, in the Pemberton wine region of Western Australia.  Established in 1989 by John and Jenny Horgan, it has been described by prominent Australian wine writer James Halliday as "... the showpiece of Pemberton."

The name Salitage was derived from the first two letters of the 4 Horgan children's names, Sarah, Lisa, Tamara and Gerard.

The winery is still owned by John Horgan following the death of Jenny Horgan in 2013.  Its principal wines are sauvignon blanc, chardonnay and pinot noir.

See also

 Australian wine
 List of wineries in Western Australia
 Western Australian wine

References

Notes

Bibliography

External links
Salitage Wines – official site

Companies established in 1989
Pemberton, Western Australia
Wineries in Western Australia
1989 establishments in Australia


title: Squeezebox Set

text:
Squeezebox Set is a five album box set containing studio albums eighteen to twenty-two by King Creosote, released in 2002. The wooden box is handmade and includes "Losing it on the gyles", "More Afraid of Plastic", "Whelk of Arse", "Favourite Girl" and "Fair Dubhs". The albums included are not available individually. The box set has been sold for upwards of £200."

Track listing

King Creosote's Losing It On The Gyles
The Sea Gyles
Cowboys And Canyons
Coyote Pups
Sun-Soured Milk
Home Again...
...Safe?
It's Not The Drink That I Love More
Beguiles
Your Young Voice
Crailscapes
The Gyles
Julian's Unwitting Blues

More Afraid Of Plastic
Waashoot
Please...Give...Me...Peace...
Mooning
Choke Madelaine
Bad Harvest
Soul Disintegration
Voyeur
Citrus Budgies
Waving Your Right Arm
Bad Bad Harvest
Sea Rain
Sleepy Quay
Grabbing A Swan's Leg
Untitled

Whelk Of Arse
Work Of Art
Travis May Sue Your Ass
My Favourite Girl In All The World
Bootprints
35cl
Pinning The Tail On The Donkey
Ding Dinio
All At Sea
Klutz
Cohones
Spokes
Go Rimbaud Go
The Importance Of Looking Right
Scales Of The World
The Coo's Tail
Captain Geeko The Dead Aviator

King Creosote's Favourite Girl
Mon Dieux
Little Heart, Littler Banjo
Chest Of Drawers
Please ... Give ... Me ... Pieces
Karlsruhe
Favourite Girl
Toast Time
Marguerita Bled Me Dry
Travis May Sue Your Dirty Ass
At The W.A.L.
Crailway Station
Little Death
How Brave Was I?
Kenny And Beth's Musacal Boat Rides

Fair Dubhs
Welcome
Eggshell Miles
Bathtime Maybe
Skinny Dipping
Clown
Moon Barking
Precious Daze
Shame On Sherlock
Insomniac
Let La Guerre Begin Again
Armistice
Untitled

References

2002 compilation albums
King Creosote albums


title: Country Music Association Award for Entertainer of the Year

text:
The Country Music Association Awards is a major awards show in country music, with the highest honor being the award for Entertainer of the Year.  It is the final award presented at the ceremony and recognizes the artist "displaying the greatest competence in all aspects of the entertainment field", with consideration to not only recorded performance but also "in-person performance, public acceptance, leadership, and overall contribution to country music" they have exhibited throughout the eligibility period. It is generally considered the highest competitive honor presented at the CMA Awards.

The inaugural recipient of the award was Eddy Arnold in 1967, with Loretta Lynn becoming the first female winner in 1972, and Alabama being the first group awarded in 1982. Garth Brooks holds the record for most wins in the category, with seven, while three-time recipient George Strait has a leading nineteen nominations. To date, Barbara Mandrell and Taylor Swift are the only women to have won twice. Miranda Lambert and Chris Stapleton hold the record for most nominations without a win, with six. The current holder of the award is Luke Combs, who won in both 2021 and 2022.

Recipients

In the following tables, the years correspond to the date of the ceremony. Artists are eligible based on their work of the previous calendar year. Entries with a blue ribbon next to the artist's name have won the award; those with a white background are the nominees on the short-list.

Artists with multiple wins

Artists with multiple nominations
19 nominations
George Strait

13 nominations
Garth Brooks
Keith Urban

12 nominations
Alan Jackson

11 nominations
Brooks & Dunn
Kenny Chesney

10 nominations
Reba McEntire

9 nominations
Merle Haggard

8 nominations
Brad Paisley
Vince Gill

7 nominations
Chris Stapleton

6 nominations

Barbara Mandrell
Carrie Underwood
Charley Pride
Luke Bryan
Miranda Lambert
Tim McGraw
Willie Nelson

5 nominations

Alabama
Eric Church
Kenny Rogers
Loretta Lynn
Ronnie Milsap

4 nominations

Blake Shelton
Jason Aldean
Luke Combs
Randy Travis
Ricky Skaggs
Taylor Swift
Toby Keith

3 nominations

Dixie Chicks
Dolly Parton
Eddy Arnold
Glen Campbell
Hank Williams Jr.
Johnny Cash
Oak Ridge Boys
Roy Clark
The Judds
Waylon Jennings

2 nominations

Clint Black
Conway Twitty
Crystal Gayle
Jerry Reed
Lee Greenwood
Mel Tillis
Morgan Wallen
Rascal Flatts
Ricky Van Shelton

Won on First nomination

 Eddy Arnold (1967)
 Roy Clark (1973)
 Charlie Rich (1974)
 John Denver (1975)
 Mel Tillis (1976)
 Hank Williams Jr. (1987)
 Garth Brooks (1991)
 Shania Twain (1999)
 Keith Urban (2005)
 Taylor Swift (2009)

See also
Academy of Country Music Award for Entertainer of the Year

References

Country Music Association Awards


title: Lindley's Fort Site

text:
Lindley's Fort Site is a historic archaeological site located near Madens, Laurens County, South Carolina. The site is located on a wooded hill, the highest rise of land surrounded mostly by open fields. It is believed that the fort was constructed by a private individual for needed protection in the backcountry. It is possible that the fort was built during the early 1760s since there were Indian disturbances in the area during that time. Captain James Lindley, owner of the fort at the time of the American Revolutionary War, was a Loyalist. On July 15, 1776, Lindley's Fort became very important to the area residents, when part of the British plan of attack was to encourage Indian uprisings in the backcountry.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.

References

Archaeological sites on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Buildings and structures in Laurens County, South Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in Laurens County, South Carolina


title: Sand 9

text:
Sand 9 is a fabless Micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) company based in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Sand 9 developed a piezoelectric MEMS resonator to serve as an alternative for quartz timing devices in applications such as smart phones, low-power wireless devices, and communications infrastructure equipment.

Sand 9 was co-founded by Pritiraj Mohanty and Matt Crowley in 2007. Vincent Graziani is the CEO.

History
Pritiraj Mohanty, a Boston University physicist, and Matt Crowley, former director of Boston University's technology development fund, co-founded Sand 9 in 2007. The company aimed to produce timing products with a better price-to-performance ratio than quartz in core markets.

Sand 9 introduced their first two products, TM061 and TM361, on September 3, 2013. TM061 and TM361 are precision MEMS timing products for the Internet of Things and mobile devices. On November 18, 2013, the TM651 was introduced for communications infrastructure, industrial and military applications. According to EE Times, a trade publication, the TM651 is the first high-precision temperature compensated MEMS oscillator (TCMO) to meet the noise and stability demands of communication, industrial and military applications. TM061 started sampling to lead customers in November and the TM361 in December 2013.

GLOBALFOUNDRIES, a semiconductor foundry, is Sand 9's foundry partner. GLOBALFOUNDRIES produces approximately one thousand 200 mm wafers per month.

Funding
Flybridge Capital led Sand 9's series A funding round in 2008. Their Series B funding raised $12 million and was reported in May 2010. In June 2012, Sand 9 raised $23 million in its series C funding round, led by Intel with participation from Vulcan capital and Analog Devices. Ericsson contributed $3 million in September 2012.

Piezoelectric Micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS)
Sand 9 developed its piezoelectric MEMS resonator technology as an alternative to quartz timing devices. Sand 9 uses aluminum nitride, a thin film that is deposited using standard semiconductor/MEMS fabrication technology, for the piezoelectric layer. The silicon MEMS products are smaller than comparable quartz devices and currently operate at fundamental frequencies up to 125 MHz. Silicon-based MEMS products can simplify system design, reduce part counts, simplify the supply chain, and improve manufacturing yields when compared to quartz. Sand 9 MEMS products can be co-packaged and overmolded with standard semiconductor ICs to eliminate the need for external timing.

References

Companies based in Cambridge, Massachusetts


title: Isabella de Luna

text:
Isabella de Luna (died 1564) was an Italian (originally Spanish) courtesan of Renaissance-era Rome. She was known as amusing company, having a kind heart but also a foul tongue. She was an accomplished musician. Amongst her patrons were members of the nobility and cardinals.

Biography
Isabella was originally from Granada in Spain. She followed a soldier in the Imperial army of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, where she prostituted herself as a camp follower and was present at the Conquest of Tunis in 1535. Around 1536 she eventually settled in Rome, where she acquired a house in 1544 and became known as the most famous high class courtesan, or cortigiana onesta, of her generation.

As with all courtesans of her class, she had a main client, in her case Roberto Strozzi. Other clients included Cardinal Carafa, the Marquis de Montebello, Cardinal Farnese and author Matteo Bandello. According to Pierre Brantome, she was herself a client of one of her colleagues, Pandora, reputed to be one of the most beautiful in Rome, whom she paid for sexual services. A famous incident took place at a party, where Rocco Biancalana lost a bet to her after he had promised to make her blush, but in which she instead won the bet.

Isabella de Luna was portrayed in two contemporary novels by Matteo Bandello. One of which was Lives of Gallant Ladies.

Transgressions
In 1555 de Luna was accused of holding a child captive in her house. Before being arrested she fled. She was captured in Rimini whilst on her way to Venice and returned to Rome's Castel Sant'Angelo to await trial. Two years later, in 1557 she was a witness at the trial of Roman nobleman Pompeo Giustini.

During an official crackdown on morality, de Luna and Pandora were arrested and the Pope threatened to burn them at the stake. On another occasion she faced imprisonment for debt but managed to pay the merchant she owed the money before she was incarcerated. However, as she had pretended to use the summons for toilet-paper and appeared before the judge drunk, she was sentenced to a public lashing of 50 strokes on her bare buttocks.

References

Bibliography

Italian courtesans
Spanish courtesans
1564 deaths
Year of birth missing
Spanish emigrants to Italy
16th-century Italian women
16th-century Spanish women
Italian LGBT musicians
Spanish LGBT musicians
16th-century Italian LGBT people
16th-century Spanish LGBT people


title: Bojan Zoranović

text:
Bojan Zoranović (; born 12 April 1990) is a Serbian football forward, playing for Serbian White Eagles in the Canadian Soccer League.

Club career

Early career
Zoranović began his career in 2006 in the Serbian League West with FK Takovo. In 2007, he moved up to the Serbian First League with Metalac Gornji Milanovac. Metalac would secure promotion to the country's top-tier league in the 2008-09 season. The club re-signed him for the following season where he made his debut in the SuperLiga. His debut match was on August 14, 2010, against OFK Beograd. Though he managed to make his debut in the first division he spent the majority of his tenure with loan spells with Šumadija Aranđelovac and Metalac Trgovački.

Serbia
He had another stint in the Serbian top tier in 2012 with Radnicki Kragujevac. In his debut season with Radnicki, he played 7 matches. After a season with Radnički, he returned to his former club Metalac Gornji Milanovac where he appeared in 8 matches.

After a brief stint in Bosnia, he returned to the Serbian second tier the following season to play with Mačva Šabac. In total, he appeared in 6 matches for the club.

Bosnia
In the winter of 2014, he was transferred abroad to the Premier League of Bosnia and Herzegovina to play with Slavija Sarajevo. In 2015, he returned to Bosnia to play in the First League of the Republika Srpska with FK Leotar. He departed from Leotar in the 2016 January transfer window.

Return to Serbia
Zoranović returned to the Serbian First League in 2016 to sign with FK Kolubara. His final season in Serbian football was with Dinamo Vranje for the 2016-17 season.

Canada
In 2018, he played abroad for the second time in the Canadian Soccer League with CSC Mississauga. He split the 2018 season by also playing with Unionville Milliken SC. After a season in Mississauga, he signed with league rivals Scarborough SC for the 2019 CSL season. In his debut season with the eastern Toronto side, he helped the club clinch a playoff berth by finishing as runners-up in the first division. He participated in the  CSL Championship final where Scarborough successfully defeated FC Ukraine United.

Zoranović signed with the Serbian White Eagles for the 2020 CSL season. The Serbs qualified for the postseason where they were eliminated in the first round by Vorkuta. He re-signed with Serbia for another season where once again the club secured a postseason berth but was eliminated in the opening round by his former club Scarborough.

The 2022 season marked his third stint with the organization. He helped the Serbs in securing the regular-season title including a playoff berth. He also played in the second round of the postseason against FC Continentals where the White Eagles were eliminated.

Managerial career
In 2022, he served as an assistant coach for the Serbian White Eagles under Uroš Stamatović.

Honours
Scarborough SC
CSL Championship: 2019

References

External links

 Bojan Zoranović at League1 Ontario
 Bojan Zoranović stats at utakmica.rs

1990 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Gornji Milanovac
Men's association football forwards
Serbian men's footballers
FK Metalac Gornji Milanovac players
FK Radnički 1923 players
FK Mačva Šabac players
FK Leotar players
FK Kolubara players
FK Dinamo Vranje players
FK Takovo players
FK Šumadija Aranđelovac players
Unionville Milliken SC players
Scarborough SC players
Serbian White Eagles FC players
Serbian White Eagles FC non-playing staff
Serbian League players
Serbian First League players
Serbian SuperLiga players
Canadian Soccer League (1998–present) players
League1 Ontario players
First League of the Republika Srpska players


title: Charlestown Town Hall

text:
Charlestown Town Hall is the seat of municipal government of Charlestown, New Hampshire. It is located just off Main Street (New Hampshire Route 12) at 29 Summer Street.  It was built in 1872-73, and is a design of Edward Dow, one of New Hampshire's leading architects of the period.  The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984, and is a contributing property to the Charlestown Main Street Historic District.

Description and history
Charlestown Town Hall is located in the town's village center, on the north side of Summer Street a short way east of Main Street.  It is a two-story masonry building on a granite foundation, with a gabled roof.  It has Italianate styling, with rusticated brick pilasters separating the bays and a corbelled brick cornice between the floors. Window bays are topped by brick segmented arches with keystones.  Each window opening has a pair of rounded-arch windows, while two of the ground-floor bays on the south-facing main facade have doorways.  The ground floor houses offices and a space formerly used as a courtroom, and an expansive lobby has a stairway leading to a large auditorium on the second floor.

The town hall was built in 1872-73 on land taken from Simeon Cooley, who was allowed to operate a grocery in one of the ground floor spaces in exchange for the land.  The building was designed by Edward Dow, and is one of a series of municipal buildings which cemented his reputation as one of the state's leading architects.  The building was electrified in 1908, and its internal systems have been regularly updated.

See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Sullivan County, New Hampshire

References

City and town halls on the National Register of Historic Places in New Hampshire
Italianate architecture in New Hampshire
Government buildings completed in 1872
Buildings and structures in Sullivan County, New Hampshire
City and town halls in New Hampshire
Historic district contributing properties in New Hampshire
National Register of Historic Places in Sullivan County, New Hampshire
Charlestown, New Hampshire


title: John Steward (assemblyman)

text:
John Steward (October 21, 1807 – May 2, 1885) was an American politician in the 19th Century. He was elected to represent Chautauqua County in the New York State Assembly from the Republican Party.

Steward served in the 87th State Assembly, from 1863 to 1864, during the Civil War, when he resided in Panama, New York.

Family

His father was John Steward (1786-1826), and his mother was Eunice Wilcox (1787-1875). He married Johanna Glidden (1808-1896). They had five children, of which they had two sets of twins: Franklin G. Steward (1833-1908), Francis C. Steward (1833-1896), Henry C. Steward (1841-1892), Mary E. Steward (1846-1920), and Martha A. Steward (1846-1901)

References

Other sources
 US and NY census
 Greenwood Cemetery, Panama, Chautauqua Co, NY grave records

1807 births
1885 deaths
Republican Party members of the New York State Assembly
People from Harmony, New York
19th-century American politicians


title: Rosemont Plantation

text:
Rosemont Plantation is a historic archaeological site located near Waterloo, Laurens County, South Carolina. Development of the Piedmont plantation complex was begun sometime between 1750 and 1790. It reached its zenith as a cotton plantation during the second quarter of the 19th century, when it was occupied by the Cunningham family, whose descendants retained control. The main house of Rosemont burned in 1930. The Cunninghams sold it after that.

The site is largely wooded, but there are architectural remains of seven structures and some formal gardens. At one time there were at least 17 buildings and activity areas, including vegetable and flower gardens, a race track, separate living quarters for the adult Cunningham daughter in the 19th century, and other facilities. An archeological survey was done in 1992 by Historic Landscape and Garden Design, and Chicora Foundation, Inc., both of Columbia, South Carolina, for the Laurens County Historical Society. (See Trinkley, 1992)

Architectural and archeological remains at Rosemont Plantation may provide information on intra-site patterning, subsistence data, refuse disposal patterns, architecture and organization of the plantation, and the display of wealth by the plantation owners.

In the mid-19th century, it was the home of Ann Pamela Cunningham (1816-1875), who became an activist in historic preservation and lived here all her life. She founded the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, which purchased Mount Vernon in 1859 for restoration and preservation.

Rosemont Plantation was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1993.

References

Archaeological sites on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Buildings and structures in Laurens County, South Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in Laurens County, South Carolina


title: 1998 Havant Borough Council election

text:
The 1998 Havant Borough Council election took place on 7 May 1998 to elect members of Havant Borough Council in Hampshire, England. One third of the council was up for election and the council stayed under no overall control.

After the election, the composition of the council was
Liberal Democrats 14
Conservative 14
Labour 8
Independent 3
Others 3

Election result
Overall turnout at the election was 28%.

References

1998 English local elections
Havant Borough Council elections
1990s in Hampshire


title: Cryptocarya wightiana

text:
Cryptocarya wightiana is a small tree or shrub found in Indian Subcontinent.

Fruits
Purplish black, globosa, smooth, shining drupe.

Ecology
Rain forest subcanopy.

Uses
Wood - rafters, construction.

Culture
Known as "gulu mora" ( ගුලු මොර ) in Sinhala.

References

 http://www.biotik.org/india/species/c/crypwigh/crypwigh_en.html
 http://lauraceae.myspecies.info/category/lauraceae/lauraceae/cryptocarya/cryptocarya-wightiana-griffithii
 http://iucnredlist.org/details/32590/0
 http://nopr.niscair.res.in/bitstream/123456789/24293/1/IJCB%2040B(12)%201287-1288.pdf
 http://indiabiodiversity.org/species/show/9845

Flora of Sri Lanka
wightiana


title: Quality Technology Services

text:
QTS Realty Trust, Inc. (popularly known as Quality Technology Services, QTS or QTS Data Centers) is a provider of carrier-neutral data centers and provides colocation services within North America and Northern Amsterdam and is based in Overland Park, Kansas. The company's largest operating areas are: Northern Virginia, Dallas/Fort Worth, Chicago, Hillsboro, Oregon, and New Jersey.

The company has been named the most sustainable company in the data center industry for two years in a row (2019, 2020) by World Finance Magazine. The company is also a member of the RE100, a global corporate leadership initiative bringing together influential businesses committed to 100% renewable electricity.

On August 31, 2021, QTS announced that companies affiliated with the Blackstone Group had completed the acquisition of the company for approximately $10 billion.

History

Timeline
In 2003, Chad Williams founded the company with the purchase of a data center in Kansas.

In October 2005, the company acquired Deltacom's e^deltacom business unit and its data center in Suwanee, Georgia for $26 million.

In October 2006, the company acquired a 960,000 square foot data center in Atlanta as well as Globix Hosting LLC for a total of $161 million. The company also acquired NTT USA LLC, which owned a 130,000 square foot facility in the New York City area.

In December 2007, the company acquired the customers of First National Technology Solutions. The company also acquired 120,000 square feet of data center and office technology space in Silicon Valley.

In April 2008, the company expanded into Florida.

In 2010, the company acquired the former Qimonda semiconductor site in Richmond, Virginia and converted the property into a 1.3 million square foot mega data center. The MAREA and BRUSA subsea cable systems operated by Telxius terminate in this facility, forming the QTS Richmond Network Access Point. The QTS Richmond Network Access Point or the NAP was co-founded by Clint Heiden, former Chief Revenue Officer of QTS and Vinay Nagpal, President of InterGlobix, LLC.

In 2011, the company acquired a data center in Lenexa, Kansas.

In January 2013, the company acquired Herakles LLC and its 92,000 square-foot data center in San Francisco.

In February 2013, the company acquired 40 acres in Irving, Texas for construction of a data center facility.

In October 2013, the company became a public company via an initial public offering.

In April 2014, the company acquired the former Chicago Sun-Times plant with plans to convert it into a data center.

In June 2015, the company acquired Carpathia Hosting for $326 million.

In June 2016, the company acquired a data center campus in New Jersey from DuPont Fabros Technology for $125 million.

In January 2017, the company acquired a 260,000 square foot data center in Irving, Texas for $50 million.

In May 2017, the company acquired a 3.4-acre parcel next to its Atlanta facility for $1 million.

In April 2019, the company acquired 2 data centers in the Netherlands (Groningen and Eemshaven) for $44 million.

In November 2019, the company announced the expansion of its Atlanta data center campus, totaling more than 250,000 square feet of leasable capacity. Development finished in 2020.

In 2020, the company expanded its commitment to environmental sustainability by partnering with American Forests and World Vision. The company also started development on its greenfield data center campus in Hillsboro, Oregon with completion in 2021. The data center facility is run entirely with renewable energy.

In 2021, the company announced a total of eight data center facilities utilizing renewable energy to power operations.

Acquisitions and expansions
In 2021, Blackstone Group Inc.'s infrastructure unit, Blackstone Infrastructure Partners and its nontraded real-estate investment trust, known as BREIT, have agreed to pay $78 a share for QTS. The acquisition was completed on August 31, 2021.

Data center locations
QTS Realty Trust owns or operates 28 data center locations across the United States and Netherlands in the following areas:

United States

 Arizona
 California
 Florida
 Georgia
 Illinois
 Kansas
 New Jersey
 Oregon
 Texas
 Virginia

Netherlands

 Eemshaven
 Groningen

References

External links

2003 establishments in Kansas
American companies established in 2003
Companies listed on the New York Stock Exchange
Data centers
Real estate investment trusts of the United States
2013 initial public offerings
2021 mergers and acquisitions


title: Warhammer 40,000: Storm of Vengeance

text:
Warhammer 40,000: Storm of Vengeance is a real-time strategy video game developed and published by Eutechnyx. It was released for Microsoft Windows, iOS and  Android. It was set in the Warhammer 40,000 universe, it follows the Dark Angels, commanded by Grand Master Belial, and the Bad Moons, commanded by Ork Warlord Ghazghkull Thraka on the planet Piscina IV. It was released on April 3, 2014 for Windows and iOS, and on April 22, 2014 for Android.

Gameplay

Warhammer 40,000: Storm of Vengeance is a lane based strategy game, where the players must place 5 buildings on their side of the map, in order to produce resources and to produce units (called 'cards'). The player must then capture 3 enemy lanes, by killing enemy units and destroying the enemy buildings at the end of each lane. Between levels, the player has the option to upgrade units, giving units access to new weapons and abilities - however, by upgrading units, their costs also increase. Both the Dark Angels and the Bad Moons have their own campaigns and are playable in skirmish and multiplayer matches.

Each faction has 2 resources. The Dark Angels have their redemption resource and resolve resource. The redemption resource is used to produce basic units, such as; Tactical Space Marines, Assault Marines and Devastators. Whilst resolve is used to produce; Dreadnaughts and Ravenwings, it is also used to use unique in-battle abilities. Whilst the Orks produce teef, the standard resource for all ork units and the Ork faction also makes use of the 'warp' resource, which is used to grant special abilities from the Weirdboy Tower.

Setting
The game is set in the Warhammer 40,000 universe, a dystopian vision of the future. Humanity has forged a galaxy-spanning empire, The Imperium, with the Immortal Emperor as humanity's leader and a living god. The Imperium is in a state of constant war with the Orks along with other alien races (often referred to as xenos) and their arch enemy, the forces of Chaos. Warhammer 40,000: Storm of Vengeance takes place on Piscina IV as Grand Master Belial and Ork Warlord Ghazghkull Thraka fight for control of the planet.

Reception

The iOS version received "mixed" reviews, while the PC version received "unfavorable" reviews, according to the review aggregation website Metacritic.

Eurogamer described the PC version as having a "complete lack of AI" as units are "compelled to keep moving forwards, even if that means walking right past an enemy in a shuffling conga line" and that the game is really "about watching construction bars fill up and health bars go down, over and over again". Eurogamer summarized by calling it a "small and fussy" game that "takes its gameplay pretty much wholesale from Eutechnyx's own 2013 iOS game Ninja Cats vs Samurai Dogs".

AppSpy stated that the iOS version was "repetitive, but engaging enough tower defence game, that makes fair use of its 40K licence", praising the game for its "huge range of technology trees", but stating that "some long winded tutorials in place to ensure you are never unaware of a unit's abilities". The review summarised saying that the game has "intuitive controls may be undermined on small screens, but complexity and flexibility they allow make it a fair compromise", but went on to say, "there's no ignoring the fact that this is a reskin of the developer's previous game".

Pocket Gamer started by stating if the reader is "expecting an accurate digital conversion or even a loving tribute" to the Warhammer 40,000 franchise then "you're out of luck" and if "you're not bothered about the franchise and are just after a satisfyingly meaty strategy game" then "you're out of luck as well". The reviewer picked up on the variation in gameplay with abilities such as "the commander abilities that help inspire surrounding troops, or the melee class's ability to rocket over to another lane", but stated that gameplay is still "somewhat constrained by the compact nature of the battles". Ultimately, Pocket Gamer summarised saying that the iOS version is a game "that's a bit of a grind to play for more than an hour or so".

References

2014 video games
Android (operating system) games
Delisted digital-only games
IOS games
Real-time strategy video games
Science fiction video games
Video games developed in the United Kingdom
Video games set on fictional planets
Storm of Vengeance
Windows games


title: Calophyllum calaba

text:
Calophyllum bracteatum is a species of flowering plant in the Calophyllaceae family. It is found in Sri Lanka where it is known as ගුරු කින (guru kina) by local people.

Trunk
Bark - young smooth, mature rough, deeply fissured, lenticellate, bright yellow-orange; Immature Bark - beefy red; clear exudate.

Uses
fruit - edible.

References

 http://www.fs.fed.us/global/iitf/Calophyllumcalaba.pdf

 http://www.memidex.com/calophyllum-calaba

Endemic flora of Sri Lanka
calaba


title: Abzal Azhgaliyev

text:
Abzal Azhgaliyev (born 30 June 1992) is a Kazakh male short-track speed skater. He has competed in three Winter Olympic Games and is the first short-track skater from Kazakhstan to win a World Cup event. Holding eight World Cup podiums, he is the most decorated Kazakh skater.

Early life
Azhgaliyev was born in 1992 in Uralsk, West Kazakhstan. He started skating at age nine when a recruiter came to his school and encouraged boys to try the sport. At age eleven he tried short track and loved the speed of it. He left secondary school and moved to a special school where he could focus on his training. He graduated from the Kazakh Academy of Sport and Tourism with a degree in sports education.

Career
His coaches are Madygali Karsybekov, Zhasulan Mukhambetkaliev, and Pyotr Gamidov.

Azhgaliyev's first international competition was in Moscow in 2006. It hooked him on the sport.

In 2007, Azhgaliyev was designated Master of Sports of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

In 2011, Azhgaliyev was on the relay team that won the bronze medal in the Asian Games.

Azhgaliyev was the first Kazakh skater to win a World Cup event when he medaled in the 500m in 2016 in Salt Lake City, UT, United States. His time was 40.373 seconds. He received the title of Master of Sports of International Class of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

With state funding, Azhgaliyev and the other members of the national relay team trained in the Netherlands. However, he professed to prefer training in Kazakhstan, instead. He prefers to be with family. Now he trains in Nur-Sultan, where new facilities have been constructed. Russian skaters Semen Elistratov and Dmitry Migunov train in Nur-Sultan with the Kazakh team.

He has skated three times in the Winter Olympics.

His first winter games were in Sochi, Russia, in 2014, where he skated in the Men's 5000 Meters Relay. The team took fifth place.

He was the flagbearer in the 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang, Korea, where he was also the captain of the Kazakh National Olympic Team. He competed in the Men's 5000 Meters Relay.

In 2022, Azhgaliyev was once again the flagbearer for Kazakhstan. In  Beijing, China, he competed in the 500m Men's event, as well as the Mixed Team Relay team with Adil Galiakhmetov, Denis Nikisha, Yana Khan, and Olga Tikhonova. Their relay team placed fifth.

His athletic heroes include Russia's Viktor An, Canadian Charles Hamelin, and China's Wang Meng.

Personal life
He enjoys playing video games and watching soccer. His favorite teams are FC Akzhayik Uralsk and FC Barcelona. Before big races, he likes to have dinner with friends and family.

References

External links
 Abzal Azhgaliyev's profile , from http://www.sochi2014.com ; retrieved 2014-06-14.

1992 births
Living people
Kazakhstani male short track speed skaters
Olympic short track speed skaters for Kazakhstan
Short track speed skaters at the 2014 Winter Olympics
Short track speed skaters at the 2018 Winter Olympics
Short track speed skaters at the 2022 Winter Olympics
Asian Games medalists in short track speed skating
Asian Games bronze medalists for Kazakhstan
Short track speed skaters at the 2011 Asian Winter Games
Medalists at the 2011 Asian Winter Games
Universiade medalists in short track speed skating
Universiade silver medalists for Kazakhstan
Universiade bronze medalists for Kazakhstan
Competitors at the 2017 Winter Universiade
People from Oral, Kazakhstan
21st-century Kazakhstani people


title: Trochus erithreus

text:
Trochus erithreus is a species of small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Trochidae, the top snails.

Description
The height of the shell varies between 33 mm and 35 mm, its diameter between 37 mm and 40 mm. The rather thin and inflated shell has a conical shape and is false-umbilicate. The apex is acute. The about 7 whorls are somewhat concave and generally traversed by several conspicuously granose lirae in the middle. They are a little gibbous above and below, obliquely undulate below the sutures, and frequently on the periphery also. The whole surface is more or less finely spirally lirate with subgranulose lirae. The convex base of the shell is concentrically lirate with about 7 granose narrow lirae. Their interstices are generally occupied by concentric striae. The color of the shell is cinereous grayish or pinkish, striped and maculated above with reddish; unicolored pinkish or radiately marked below. The large aperture is smooth and pearly within. The basal lip is simple. The oblique columella is very deeply inserted, its entire edge nearly straight, not dentate. The deep umbilical tract is narrow, pearly. bearing a single strong spiral white rib near its base, which does not attain the edge of the columella.

It feeds on algae and is often seen by divers.

Distribution
This species occurs in the Indian Ocean (Aldabra Region), the Red Sea, the Persian Gulf (off Kuwait), the Mediterranean Sea (as a Lessepsian migrant) and in the Northern Atlantic Ocean.

References

 Brocchi (1821). Continuazione e fine del catalogo delle conchiglie raccolte dal Sig. G. Forni nel seno Arabico ed illustrate dal Sig. Brocchi. Biblioteca Italiana : 24: 209–226. page(s):
 Spry, J.F. (1961). The sea shells of Dar es Salaam: Gastropods. Tanganyika Notes and Records 56
 Taylor, J.D. (1973). Provisional list of the mollusca of Aldabra Atoll.
 Bosch D.T., Dance S.P., Moolenbeek R.G. & Oliver P.G. (1995) Seashells of eastern Arabia. Dubai: Motivate Publishing. 296 pp
 Gofas, S.; Le Renard, J.; Bouchet, P. (2001). Mollusca, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 180–213
 Streftaris, N.; Zenetos, A.; Papathanassiou, E. (2005). Globalisation in marine ecosystems: the story of non-indigenous marine species across European seas. Oceanogr. Mar. Biol. Annu. Rev. 43: 419–453

External links

erithreus
Gastropods described in 1821