title: Beatrix Pang

text:
Beatrix Pang (Chinese: Pang Sin Kwok 彭倩幗) is a visual artist, cultural producer, educator and independent publisher based in Hong Kong. They have a BA in Photographic Design (2000) from School of Design, Hong Kong Polytechnic University and MA Photography (2005) from Bergen National Academy of the Arts, Norway.

Work
Pang primarily works in photography, video art and installation art. Pang's works have been widely exhibited locally and internationally, selected for the Asian Art Biennale (2007) at the National Museum of Fine Arts, Taichung, Taiwan and the Hong Kong Art Biennial 2005. Pang's work is included in the collections of the Macao Museum of Art.

Fellowship
In 2003, Pang was received a scholarship from The Ministry of Education and Research of Norway to pursue their master's degree study. Pang's video installation for the Hong Kong Art Biennale 2005 was titled "Distance = Time x Speed" and explored their journey as an artist from a young person in Hong Kong to their time as a graduate student in Norway. As a part of the November 2005 opening of "Beyond: 2nd Guangzhou Triennial" at the Guangdong Museum of Art, Pang collaborated with professor of design Matthew Turner and the Asia Art Archive in organizing a one-day symposium entitled "Trading Places: Cultural Imaginaries of the Pearl River Delta."

In 2009, Pang received the Asian Cultural Council fellowship, supported by The Starr Foundation, to conduct research on community art and photography in the US.

Projects
Pang's time in the United States inspired them to try to strengthen the independent publishing scene in Hong Kong. Pang was one of the founders of KLACK Photography and Cultural Magazine, the first issue released in summer 2010. In 2011, Pang started the independent art publishing project Small Tune Press, which produces artist’s books and zines. Small Tune Press focuses on publishing photography, drawing, collage, conceptual work and poetry. In a 2018 interview, Pang said they were inspired to start Small Tune Press in order to create a way for lesser-known artists to distribute their work to the public. “In building Small Tune Press, I consider forming alliances to be one of the most vital outcomes of this endeavor,” they said.

Pang also credited their fellow artist Susanne Bürner, whom they met when Bürner was in Hong Kong doing research, for encouraging them to found Small Tune Press. The first book the press published was Bürner's “Vanishing Point: How to Disappear in China without a Trace," which examines the different roles of people in modern Chinese society.

In 2017, Pang has co-created a collective, Zine Coop, that promotes zine culture in Hong Kong by hosting production workshops. Pang also co-founded Queer Reads Library in 2018 with artist-curator Kaitlin Chan. Queer Reads Library is a mobile collection of internationally sourced queer publications and independently published zines.

Pang's experiences in the world of independent publishing have led them to become an outspoken voice for the need for a strong independent press in Hong Kong and other parts of Asia. "Independent voices remain restricted and obstructed in many places in Asia under different cultural, social, and political circumstances," they said in 2017.

Zine Coop and the 2019–20 Hong Kong protests
Hong Kong-based zines have also been an integral part of the conversation around how artists and other creatives are participating in the 2019–20 Hong Kong protests. Zine Coop, the collective co-founded by Pang, has published zines satirizing the state of sex education in Hong Kong as well as zines discussing mental health and society pressures.

As a direct response to the Hong Kong protests, Zine Coop launched several exhibitions and events in support of the protestors. One of the most notable ones was the exhibition "Freedom-Hi" which traveled to 17 cities around the world and focused on illuminating Hong Kong's political crisis.

“[W]hat zines offer, especially for reading Hong Kong’s pro-democracy movement, is a more sit-back reflective kind of reading experience. You are not only reading hard news, but also different perspectives on the movement and different ways of self-expression," said Zine Coop member Ranee Ng.

References

Hong Kong artists
Living people
Alumni of the Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Bergen Academy of Art and Design alumni
Asian Cultural Council grantees
Year of birth missing (living people)


title: Cerro de Oro Formation

text:
The Cerro de Oro Formation is a geologic formation in Mexico. It preserves fossils dating back to the Cretaceous period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Mexico

External links

Geologic formations of Mexico
Cretaceous Mexico


title: Halvor Hansson

text:
Halvor Hansson (4 June 1886 – 1956) was a Norwegian military officer.

During the German occupation of Norway Hansson and Olaf Helset were given the task of performing military evaluation on behalf of Otto Ruge, who was then a prisoner-of-war. Their initiative is regarded as the startup of Milorg, the Norwegian military resistance organization. Hansson was arrested in January 1941. He was promoted Major General in 1945, and served as acting Chief of Defense of Norway in 1946.

His wife since 1915, Øyvor Hansson, turned out to be a Nasjonal Samling and Vidkun Quisling devotee; the couple were divorced.

References

1886 births
1956 deaths
Military personnel from Oslo
Norwegian Army personnel of World War II
Norwegian Army generals
Norwegian prisoners of war in World War II
World War II prisoners of war held by Germany


title: Nogal Formation

text:
The Nogal Formation is a geologic formation in Mexico. It preserves fossils dating back to the Cretaceous period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Mexico

External links

Geologic formations of Mexico
Cretaceous Mexico


title: Boca Roja Formation

text:
The Boca Roja Formation is a geologic formation located at Huizachal Canyon in Tamaulipas, northeastern Mexico. The formation preserves fossils that were found in rocks dating back to the Cretaceous period. Another dinosaur-bearing formations is the Late Campanian El Gallo Formation. The Boca Roja Formation contains the oldest dinosaur remains found in Mexico.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Mexico

References

External links

Geologic formations of Mexico
Cretaceous Mexico


title: Quaid-e-Azam Solar Park

text:
The Quaid-e-Azam Solar Park () is a photovoltaic power station in Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan, named in honor of Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah, the Founder of Pakistan. It is a 400 MW solar facility spanning an area of 8 km2 and hosting 1.6 million solar modules. The initial phase of the project was constructed by the Government of Punjab through a 100% owned subsidiary QA Solar in May 2015 at a cost of $131 million. On 5 May 2015, the then Prime Minister of Pakistan Nawaz Sharif inaugurated the first 100 MW project and dedicated it to the nation. Subsequent expansion was done in public-private partnership with Appolo Solar Development Pakistan Limited, Best Green Energy Pakistan Limited and Crest Energy Pakistan Limited each installing a 100 MW unit. The next phase of 100 MW will be installed by Zorlu Solar Pakistan (Pvt.) Limited, making it a 500 MW facility. Total planned capacity of the solar park is 1,000 MW.

Background and operation

History
The project of solar powered park was approved by Government of Punjab, Pakistan on August, 2013. In Sept 2013, Govt of Punjab signed an MOU with TBEA SunOasis of China to set up a 1000MWp solar power plant. This led to the establishment of the Quaid-e-Azam Solar Park site near Bahawalpur. In late 2013,  the Canadian Solar Company, also signed an MOU with Punjab government, for setting up 500 MW solar powered park as an investor with $175 Million. However, Canadian Solar did not pursue this investment option.
Government of Punjab decided to initially establish a 100 MW pilot project (Phase-1) before proceeding with the 1,000 MW complete capacity at QA Solar Park, Bahawalpur. Tender was floated at the end of December 2013. After competitive bidding with six bidders, the contract of Phase-1 construction, 100MWp project, was awarded to the lowest qualified bidder TBEA Xinjiang SunOasis Co. Ltd. of China at an EPC contract price of $131.15 million and a 25-year maintenance contract of around $73 million, a total of $215 million. The Letter of Acceptance was issued on April 4, 2014, but the actual EPC and O&M contract was signed on June 2, 2014.

The 100 MW project was completed within the scheduled nine months as per the contract and was commissioned at the end of March 2015 and was inaugurated on 5 May 2015 by Prime Minister Mian Muhammad Nawaz Sharif in a well-publicized ceremony at Bahawalpur. Not only was the construction and commissioning of the project completed within the contractual period, there were no cost over-runs either. The total cost remained within the contract price of $131.15 with no extensions in cost or time.

Technical details of Phase-1 (100 MW project)
Quaid-e-Azam Solar Park is located in the desert area of Lal Sohanra, Cholistan, Bahawalpur, and is situated around 10 km from Bahawalpur airport. It is the largest solar plant in Pakistan. It produces 100 MW, spans , and hosts 392,158 solar modules.  The project was commissioned in March 2015 at a total cost of $131.15 million plus a 25-year maintenance contract of $73 million (total contract of EPC plus O&M of $215 million),.  An equity of 30% was injected by the owner Government of Punjab, Pakistan and financed 70% by Bank of Punjab. The construction of the project was done by TBEA Xinjiang SunOasis Co. Ltd. The land for the project is provided by the Government of Punjab at a lease of $1 per acre per year.

The initial project plan was to build 1000 MWp across three phases of construction. The first phase of project 100 MWp was installed over an area of 500 acres. The PV area has 392,158 solar modules of 255 Wp each, nearly 10,000 solar arrays of 40 modules each, 1,400 combiner boxes, 100 centralized inverters of 1 MW each, 100 transformers of 1 MVA each at 33kV, all of these linked through a network of thousands of kilometers of cables. The arrays are fixed to the ground using 140,000 screw piles. There is no concrete foundation. The EPC contract included provision of a 132kV substation which includes 2 transformers of 100 MVA each at 132 kV. The substation area also includes 100MVA switch gear and VAR protection along with a state of the art DCS and SCADA control system. The 132KV electrical output of the power plant is connected to the NTDC national grid via a 132kV transmission line that runs through the Solar Park.  Phase-1 construction was conducted by Xinjiang SunOasis over the course of three months.

Phase-II construction plans
The second phase of project started in September 2015 by issuance of a letter of Intent (LOI) to Zonergy, a subsidiary of ZTE, a telecommunication giant of China. However, Water and Power Development Authority (WAPDA), immediately criticized the award of the contract without competitive bidding and completion of the entire process in just one week's time. The central contract cell of WAPDA narrated, "Entire deal is shrouded in mystery and would create legal and contractual problems for everyone." Apparently, Zoenergy was not considered for the 100 MW, first phase of the project construction, attributing it as Telecommunication company. Opposition took the government to Supreme Court of Pakistan in November 2014, on violation of Public Procurement Regulatory Authority (PEPRA) rules and fast track award of the contract. Anwar Kamal, a legal expert, said that, "accepting high risk bank guarantees creating rights for the investor will haunt Punjab government in future. The federal bodies were totally ignored and Punjab government conducted the matter in non transparent way." It was noted that during awarding of contract to Zoenergy, several renowned power firms were ignored and the contract was given to a telecommunication firm without any competitive bidding.

Despite all the litigation, a $1.5 billion contract was awarded to Zonergy Company Ltd for 900 MW project to be completed in Phase 2 (up to 300 MW) and Phase 3 (up to 900 MW) with the aim of approaching planned 1000 MW. In June 2015, the Chief Minister of Punjab, Shahbaz Sharif announced that 300 MW production will start from the end of 2015, and entire 1000 MW production will be commenced by 2016.  To follow the operation closely, he appointed Ahad Cheema, a 20th grade officer, who was already working as director general of the Lahore Development Authority (LDA), as executive officer of the project.  In a follow-up meeting in July 2015, Prime Minister Mian Muhammad Nawaz Sharif directed project stakeholders to expedite the work and complete the 300 MW production phase by end of 2015 and the entire 1000 MW by April 2016.  However, Zonergy Company Ltd. was unable to complete any targets amid different problems and the project was not able to exceed the Phase-1 100 MW installation.

Xinjiang SunOasis continued to provide materials to complete Phase-II construction.  Phase II was marked as completed in August 2016 with an installed capacity of 400 MW. However, it appears only 100 MW is  being produced at this facility as of December 2021.

Interest by Turkish companies
In January 2017, a Turkish company called Zorlu Enerji also showed interest to develop 100 MW project in 6 months at the 1000 MW QASP site. In February 2018, Zorlu Enerji again showed their interest in similar venture; however, the project was not able to kick off for unknown reasons.

Hurdles, conflicts and plans of privation

Operational hurdles
Quaid-e-Azam Solar Park was unable to produce affordable energy and expected output, due to several reasons:
 Bahawalpur is desert terrain, having high dust count, therefore, the efficiency of panels were reduced by 40%.  It required 30 people to clean panels with 15 days to restore the panels back to their full capacity, which reduced production of installed 100MW plant to below 18 MW.
 Each of the 400,000 installed panels required one litre of water to clean. A 15 days cleaning cycle required 124 million litres of water (enough to sustain 9000 people) while rain in the Cholistan desert is rare and far between. Providing such huge amount of water in desert terrain, became a challenging and daunting task for management team. Besides, the manual cleaning methods allowed setting of dust before it was re-cleaned.
 The temperature of Bahawalpur rises above 45 degrees Celsius, which is much higher than the 25 degrees Celsius required for efficient solar power production.
 QASP produced too little power at too much cost, in fact it had the second highest per unit cost in Pakistan after the Nandipur Power Project. The upfront capital expenses (CAPEX) of $131.15 million ($1.31 million/MW) was very high like other solar projects; while unlike other solar plants it was unable to achieve balanced recurring operational expenses (OPEX) due to low power production of 18 MW against the expected 100 MW.

Due to the aforementioned reasons, the project faced long-term operational hurdles and conflicts with the National Electric Power Regulatory Authority (NEPRA). Despite the fact that Balochistan is more suitable for solar power with more barren land and suitable dust count, Government of Punjab convinced the Prime Minister that Punjab is more suitable venue for solar power. Chief Minister Shahbaz Sharif later accepted that producing 18.5 MW for Rs. 13.5 billion is an expensive deal.

Tariff conflicts with NEPRA
A MOU signed in July 2014 determined the tariff of Rs. 14 between Government of Punjab and China. Based on this, NEPRA granted astonishingly high tariff of Rs. 14 to QASP Pvt. Ltd, while the rest of the world enjoyed solar tariff of less than Rs. 4. For example, solar prices in India touched INR 2.42 with decrease in cost in solar production. Though the interest rate in Pakistan is much lower than India, Brazil, South Africa, Mexico etc. and Pakistan offers entire foreign equity and no taxes; but still it has the highest solar tariff in the world. NEPRA in September 2016 tried to reduced the tariff from Rs. 14.5 per unit to Rs 9.25 per unit, maintaining that cost of solar production had reduced sharply in the last 4 years and besides it is much lower in other parts of the world. However, Zonergy threatened to withdraw from Phase-2 and Phase-3 of project, and asked the Chief Minister of Punjab to pressure NEPRA. After signaling to withdraw its commitment of 900 MW extension, she went into litigation  over the matter. Finally, the scores were settled attributing subsidy contributed by Ministry of Water and Power; however, it added to existing circular debt and the remaining was transferred to consumers. In February 2017 Ministry of Water and Power accepted that Rs.100 billion is paid each year as subsidy in the power sector while Rs. 200 billion is paid by consumers as various surcharges. Nevertheless, several financial experts criticized the high solar tariff despite decrease in solar production costs. For example, Dr. Farrukh Saleem criticized the current Rs. 18 tariff of QASP and compared it with the Rewa Ultra Mega Solar in Madhya Pradesh (India), where the tariff is equivalent to Pakistani Rs. 5.19 only. The high production costs of the project, ongoing tariff conflicts between both sides and long term maintenance costs impeded extension aims and future investments.

Plans of privatisation
Initially planned to install 1,000 MW the project was later curtailed. The initial 100 MW plant was commissioned in May 2015, and was completed by TBEA Xinjiang SunOasis Co. Ltd. It was decided in June 2017 to privatise the solar park, due to 18 MW production against 100 MW capacity and its high maintenance costs. A major controversy broke in December 2017, when a company named Jahangir Siddiqui & Co Ltd (JSCL), owned by Ali Jehangir Siddiqui, the business partner and close friend of Sharif family, was pre-qualified to attain 100% equity stake in Quaid-e-Azam Solar Power (Private) Limited. It was also feared that entire tax exception awarded to privatization of the project is done to facilitate Ali Jehangir Siddiqui.  Despite the criticism on awarding business partners for ownership of the project, Jahangir Siddiqui & Co. was invited in March 2018 to submit bid along with eight other companies.

Although the bidding process was due to be completed in April 2018, the process was delayed because of a corruption probe by the National Accountability Bureau (NAB) initiated by Chief Justice of Pakistan Mian Saqib Nisar, after heavy misappropriation was found in the Auditor General of Pakistan (AGP)'s report.

Controversies and criticism

Inefficient production at high cost
Quaid-e-Azam solar park produced too little and too expensive power. In spite of high upfront capital expenses (CAPEX) like other solar projects, it was unable to achieve balanced operating expenses (OPEX). With total of upfront $131.15 million ($1.31 million / MW) CAPEX it produced only 18 MW for installed 100 MW capacity. The low production was attributed to the dusty environment of Cholistan desert and unsuitable weather conditions. Chief minister of Punjab Shahbaz Shareef admitted that 18.5 MW at the cost of Rs. 13.5 billion is an expensive affair. Wind power would have been a better option if the project was meant to be installed in short time. For each installed MW of solar plant produce 17.5% as compared to 35% for wind, therefore, it would take 2 MW for $2.66 million to get the same for 1 MW of wind power for $2.1 million. The uplift tariff of NEPRA is also 32% more expensive i.e. 14% per cent for solar and 10.6% for wind. The Chief Minister also admitted that hydropower is the best option in terms of per unit cost with much higher yield. Hydropower with Rs. 13.5 billion would produce 90 MW instead of 18.5 MW with far less tariff.

Financial analyst Farrukh Saleem wrote that solar energy generated in Pakistan had amongst the highest per unit costs. Although the global cost of production for solar energy declined sharply between 2012 and 2017, contractors are paid large sums. As an example, QASP produced electricity at a cost of Rs. 19.83/kWh, compared to Rs. 5.19/kWh for energy produced at Rewa Ultra Mega Solar in Madhya Pradesh, India. This is despite a low tax rate and a liberal foreign equity repatriation regime in Pakistan in contrast to India.  According to Ministry of Water and Power the costs of the expensive tariff and the subsidies given to the project are borne by the consumers in the form of high surcharges.

Auditor General of Pakistan (AGP) Inquiry report
In March 2018 the Auditor General of Pakistan published a shocking report of serious irregularities in the award of procurements and construction (EPC) contracts and operation and maintenance (O&M) contracts:
The contractor with the lowest bid, M/S Chint, was not awarded the contract; instead it was given to TBEA without any plausible reason. This caused the national exchequer a loss of $19.345 million.
 Violations of procurements were found in 2017 against Public Procurement Regulatory Authority (PEPRA) rules. It was revealed that subcontracts were awarded to companies with dubious profiles in non transparent ways.
Mr. Rashid Majeed was a member of the technical and financial bid committee and favored TBEA. Later he managed to obtain EPC and O&M contracts triggering a conflict of interest. He also appointed himself as consultant Emeritus getting Rs. 82.737 million, in spite of him being a member of the Bank of Punjab, the lender of the Quaid-e-Azam solar park.
Serious misuse of vehicles, bonuses, and allowances in services and site reallocations was found among several heads of the company. Even the appointments of CEO, consultants, and excess payments and perks availed during the non transparent processes.
Excessive payments in Markups were paid, the letter of credit was opened in favour of the parent company, retention of equity funds in BOP and violation of several other procedures and regulations were observation during the course of investigations.

Environmental impact of the project
Quaid-e-Azam solar park is located in UNESCO declared biosphere reserve, Lal Suhanra National Park. The project affected critical biodiversity site having wildlife like Chinkara (Indian Gazelle), Caracal Cat and Houbara Bustard, due to increased human activity in arid regions and construction of new network for commercial activities. Due to desert terrain, it needed a liter of water to clean each 400,000 panels, requiring 124 million liters of water annually, enough to feed 9,000 people. The cleaning cycle is repeated after every 15 days; imposing major threats of water reservoirs. Another concern is about fate of millions of PV panels, since they have life of 25 years, hence leaving dump of silicon. The environmentalists and experts reflected their surprise that why Balochistan having lot of barren land, high solar profile and low dust count was not selected as a potential site.

During construction of the project trees worth 100 thousand of rupees were disposed at cheap rates in the dark to open market without any auctioning.  Forest department officials said that Vachellia nilotica kikar trees worth 100 thousand of rupees were sold illegally to acquire the site.

Probe of misappropriation/corruption
Chief Justice of Pakistan, Mian Saqib Nisar took notice of the ongoing corruption inquires for the Quaid-e-Azam solar project, and demanded reports of its monthly production and expenditure information. The case was followed again in May 2018, where the Chief Justice took strict notice on zero power generation in Quaid-e-Azam and Bikki plants. However, the case remained pending after the retirement of  Saqib Nisar and no tangible results were produced. In June 2018, the National Accountability Bureau along with other power projects started an inquiry against Quaid-i-Azam Solar power project due to irregularities and alleged corruption in the contracts; it was also recommended to place its CEO Najam Shah on the executive control list (ECL). In June 2018, ex-CEO Ahad Cheema was summoned to court on 56 company cases, to present his views on the Quaid-i-Azam Solar power project. However, he was unable to give satisfactory answers.

See also

 China–Pakistan Economic Corridor
 Energy Department (Punjab, Pakistan)
 List of power stations in Pakistan
 List of photovoltaic power stations
 List of dams and reservoirs in Pakistan
 Solar power in Pakistan
 Renewable energy in Pakistan
 Nandipur Power Project

References

Solar power stations in Pakistan
Buildings and structures in Bahawalpur
China–Pakistan Economic Corridor
Memorials to Muhammad Ali Jinnah
Energy in Punjab, Pakistan


title: Cárdenas Formation

text:
The Cárdenas Formation is a geologic formation in Mexico. It preserves fossils dating back to the Cretaceous period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Mexico

External links

Geologic formations of Mexico
Cretaceous Mexico


title: Chuta Formation

text:
The Chuta Formation is a geologic formation in Mexico. It preserves fossils dating back to the Cretaceous period.

See also

List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Mexico

References

Geologic formations of Mexico
Cretaceous Mexico


title: Cipiapa Formation

text:
The Cipiapa Formation is a geologic formation in Mexico. It preserves fossils dating back to the Cretaceous period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Mexico

References

Geologic formations of Mexico
Cretaceous Mexico


title: Clansayes Formation

text:
The Clansayes Formation is a geologic formation in Mexico. It preserves fossils dating back to the Cretaceous period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Mexico

References

Geologic formations of Mexico
Cretaceous Mexico


title: Coahuila Formation

text:
The Coahuila Formation is a geologic formation in Mexico. It preserves fossils dating back to the Cretaceous period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Mexico

External links

Geologic formations of Mexico
Cretaceous Mexico


title: Cumburindio Formation

text:
The Cumburindio Formation is a geologic formation in Mexico. It preserves fossils dating back to the Cretaceous period.

See also
 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Mexico

External links

Geologic formations of Mexico
Cretaceous Mexico
Aptian Stage


title: Cúpido Formation

text:
The Cúpido Formation is a geologic formation in Mexico. It preserves fossils dating back to the Cretaceous period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Mexico

References

External links

Geologic formations of Mexico
Cretaceous Mexico
Lower Cretaceous Series of North America


title: Cutzamala Formation

text:
The Cutzamala Formation is a geologic formation in Mexico. It preserves fossils dating back to the Cretaceous period.

See also

 Huehuecanauhtlus
 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Mexico

External links

Geologic formations of Mexico
Cretaceous Mexico


title: Difunta Formation

text:
The Difunta Formation is a geologic formation in Mexico. It preserves fossils dating back to the Cretaceous period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Mexico

External links

Geologic formations of Mexico
Cretaceous Mexico


title: Olmos Formation

text:
The Olmos Formation is a geologic formation in Mexico. It preserves fossils of plants, hadrosaurs, ceratopsians, tyrannosaurs and the turtle Palauchelys dating back to the Cretaceous period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Mexico

References

External links

Geologic formations of Mexico
Cretaceous Mexico
Campanian Stage
Maastrichtian Stage of North America


title: Tanque Formation

text:
The Tanque Formation is a geologic formation in Mexico. It preserves fossils dating back to the Cretaceous period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Mexico

External links

Geologic formations of Mexico
Cretaceous Mexico


title: El Abra Formation

text:
The El Abra Formation is a geologic formation in Mexico. It preserves fossils dating back to the Cretaceous period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Mexico

References

External links

Geologic formations of Mexico
Cretaceous Mexico
Albian Stage


title: Men's épée at the 2014 World Fencing Championships

text:
The Men's épée event of the 2014 World Fencing Championships was held on 20 July 2014. A qualification was held on 17 July.

Medalists

Draw

Finals

Top half

Section 1

Section 2

Bottom half

Section 3

Section 4

Final classification

References
 Bracket
 Final classification

2014 World Fencing Championships


title: El Cajón Formation

text:
The El Cajón Formation is a geologic formation in Mexico. It preserves fossils dating back to the Cretaceous period.

See also
 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Mexico

External links

Geologic formations of Mexico
Cretaceous Mexico
Aptian Stage


title: El Doctor Formation

text:
The El Doctor Formation is a geologic formation in Mexico. It preserves fossils dating back to the Albian and Cenomanian stages of the Cretaceous period.

Description
The light grey micritic limestone sequence with intercalated black chert lenses was deposited in an open marine basin with a hypersaline and/or poorly oxygenated bottom.

Fossil content
The formation has provided the following fossils:
Fish
 Enchodus zipapanensis
Crustaceans
 Aeger hidalguensis
 Polzia eldoctorensis
 Victoriacaris muhiensis
 Palinurus sp.

See also
 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Mexico
 Sierra Madre Formation

References

Bibliography

Geologic formations of Mexico
Cretaceous System of North America
Cretaceous Mexico
Albian Stage
Cenomanian Stage
Mudstone formations
Deep marine deposits
Paleontology in Mexico


title: Encino Formation

text:
The Encino Formation is a geologic formation in Mexico. It preserves fossils dating back to the Cretaceous period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Mexico

External links

Geologic formations of Mexico
Cretaceous Mexico


title: Espinazo del Diablo Formation

text:
The Espinazo del Diablo Formation is a geologic formation in Mexico. It preserves fossils dating back to the Cretaceous period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Mexico

External links

Geologic formations of Mexico
Cretaceous Mexico


title: Sousa Jamba

text:
Sousa Jamba (born 9 January 1966) is an Angolan author and journalist.

Biography
Sousa Jamba was born in 1966 in Dondi, Huambo, in central Angola. His family were all supporters of the National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA), which fought alongside the MPLA (the People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola) in the Angolan War for Independence (1961–75) and then against the MPLA in the ensuing civil war (1975–2002). In 1975, nine-year-old Jamba with his family left the country, fleeing the violence following Angola's independence, and went to Zambia, where he lived as a refugee, before going to England. Jamba has said: "There was a sense that if you were from Unita you either had to leave the country or go out into the bush, which is precisely what my family did."

In 1985 Jamba returned to Angola, and worked as a reporter and translator for the UNITA News Agency. In 1986, he went to study in Britain on a journalism scholarship, and soon began writing for The Spectator. From 1988 to 1991 he studied for a BA degree in Media Studies at Westminster University, London.  He also has a master's degree in Leadership and Strategic Communications from Seton Hall University in New Jersey. He returned to his home country after 27 years of exile.

Jamba's books include Patriots (1992), an autobiographical work of fiction  that received much critical acclaim. Andrew McKie of The Telegraph writes of it: "Sousa Jamba's brilliant and terrifying (and often very funny) novel Patriots gives an account of a child's view of the war in Angola." Jamba's second novel, A Lonely Devil, was published in 1993. He has written widely for newspapers and journals, among them Granta, The Spectator and the New Statesman.  He writes a weekly column for the Angolan newspaper Semanario Angolense. He also writes a column on leadership for the business magazine Exame. He currently lives in Jacksonville, Florida, USA.

Bibliography
 A Lonely Devil (1993)
 On The Banks Of The Zambezi (1993)
 Patriots (1992)

References

1966 births
Living people
Angolan writers
People from Huambo Province
20th-century novelists
Angolan journalists
20th-century male writers


title: Georgetown Formation

text:
The Georgetown Formation is a geologic formation in Mexico and the United States. It preserves fossils dating back to the Cretaceous period.

A stratigraphic column at the Mount Bonnell location starts with the Lower Cretaceous Trinity Group overlain by the Edwards Group and the Georgetown Formation.  Upper Cretaceous formations follow, starting with the Del Rio Clay, Buda Limestone, and then the Eagle Ford Group.  Formations within the Trinity Group include the Hammett Formation, Cow Creek Formation, Hensel Formation, and Lower and Upper Glen Rose Formation.  The Hammett and the lower portion of the Upper Glen Rose act as confining units (or aquitard) for the Middle Trinity Aquifer.  The Upper Glen Rose contains the Upper Trinity Aquifer, which appears to have intra-aquifer groundwater flow with the Edwards Aquifer as water levels are at the same elevation.  Formations within the Edwards Group include the Kainier Formation and the Person Formation.  The Upper Cretaceous rock units confine the Edwards Aquifer within the Edwards Group and the Georgetown Formation.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Mexico
 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Texas

References

Cretaceous Mexico
Albian Stage


title: Indidura Formation

text:
The Indidura Formation is a geologic formation in Mexico. It preserves fossils dating back to the Cretaceous period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Mexico

External links

Geologic formations of Mexico
Cretaceous Mexico


title: La Péna Formation

text:
The La Péna Formation is a geologic formation in Mexico. It preserves fossils dating back to the Cretaceous period

See also
 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Mexico

External links

Geologic formations of Mexico
Cretaceous Mexico
Aptian Stage


title: Mal Paso Formation

text:
The Mal Paso Formation is a geologic formation in Mexico. It preserves fossils dating back to the Cretaceous period, Late Albian.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Mexico

References

External links

Geologic formations of Mexico
Cretaceous Mexico
Albian Stage


title: Méndez Shale

text:
The Méndez Shale is a geologic formation in Mexico. It preserves fossils dating back to the Cretaceous period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Mexico

External links

Geologic formations of Mexico
Cretaceous Mexico


title: George Coolidge Hunting

text:
George Coolidge Hunting (October 22, 1871 – February 6, 1924) was missionary bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Nevada 1914 to 1924.

Early life and education
Hunting was born on October 22, 1871, in West Milwaukee, Wisconsin, son of George Coolidge Hunting and Mary Ann Ladd. He was a descendant of John Hunting an early settler. He studied at the Virginia Theological Seminary, graduating in 1894. The seminary also awarded him with a Doctor of Divinity in 1914.

Ordained Ministry
Hunting was ordained deacon on July 29, 1894 in St Mark's Cathedral, and priest on April 14, 1897 in St Paul's Church. He was in charge of St Paul's Church in Virginia City, Nevada from 1894 until 1898 and then served as a missionary in Nevada and Utah. In 1899 he became rector of St Paul's Church in Evanston, Wyoming, while in 1902 he became chaplain at St Mark's Hospital in Salt Lake City where he remained until 1907. He then undertook missionary work in Ely, Nevada between 1907 and 1912 before becoming department secretary of the Province 8 of the Episcopal Church, serving from 1912 until 1915.

Episcopacy
Hunting was elected Missionary Bishop of Nevada in 1914. He was consecrated in St Mark's Cathedral, Salt Lake City on December 16, 1914 by Presiding Bishop Daniel S. Tuttle. During his episcopacy he revived a number of churches in the mining towns of Eureka, Nevada, Virginia City, Nevada, and Austin, Nevada. He acquired property for missions in promising agricultural areas.

Personal life
He married Mary Grace Pullman on October 15, 1894. He was also cousin of President Calvin Coolidge.

Death
Hunting succumbed to pneumonia and died on February 6, 1924.

References

1871 births
1924 deaths
20th-century Anglican bishops in the United States
Episcopal bishops of Nevada
People from West Milwaukee, Wisconsin


title: List of awards and nominations received by Girl's Day

text:
This is a list of awards and nominations received by South Korean girl group Girl's Day since their debut in 2010.

Awards and nominations

Other accolades

Lists

References

Girl's Day
Awards


title: Josef Pohnetal

text:
Josef Pohnetal (14 March 1925 – 17 June 2008) was an Austrian cyclist. He competed in three events at the 1948 Summer Olympics.

References

External links

1925 births
2008 deaths
Austrian male cyclists
Olympic cyclists for Austria
Cyclists at the 1948 Summer Olympics
People from Judenburg
Sportspeople from Styria


title: Clemente Formation

text:
The Clemente Formation is a geologic formation in Mexico. It preserves fossils dating back to the Ediacaran period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Mexico

References

Ediacaran Mexico


title: Gamuza Formation

text:
The Gamuza Formation is a geologic formation in Mexico. It preserves fossils dating back to the Ediacaran period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Mexico

References

Ediacaran Mexico


title: Papalote Formation

text:
The Papalote Formation is a geologic formation in Mexico. It preserves fossils dating back to the Ediacaran period.

Size
The Papalote Formation is 404.5 meters (1327.09 feet) thick. It is divided into six units. Unit 1 is 31.5 m (103.34 ft) thick & consists of red siltstone, quartzite & dolomite. Unit 2 is around 20 m (65.6 ft) & is made up of dolomite. Unit 3 is 7.5 m (24.6 ft) & is built up of silty dolomite & dolomite siltstone. Unit 4 contains thin-bedded dolomite, & Domal stromatolites take place in the lower areas. It is 157 m (around 515 ft) thick. Unit 5's sandy dolomite & quartzite make up its 31.5 m (103.34 ft) thickness. Finally, Unit 6 is 157 m (around 515 ft) & consists of dolomite & siltstone on the lower end.

Location
The Papalote Formation is located in the northernmost part of the eastern flank of the Cerro El Arpa area & overlies the Gamuza Formation, however the top is not exposed. It is also in the Cerro Gamuza region.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Mexico

References

Ediacaran Mexico


title: Breitenberg (Haardt)

text:
The Breitenberg near Sankt Martin in the Rhineland-Palatinate county of Südliche Weinstraße is a hill, , and subpeak of the Kalmit, the highest mountain in the Palatinate Forest. It is part of the Haardt mountains.

Geography

Location
The Breitenberg lies within both the Palatinate Forest-North Vosges Biosphere Reserve and the Palatinate Forest Nature Park. Its summit rises 1.3 km northwest of Sankt Martin and 3 km west-northwest (both as the crow flies) of Maikammer, whose joint territorial boundary runs over the completely wooded hill. Like the Stotz (603.2 m), with which it is linked to the northwest over a gentle saddle (ca. 535 m), the Wetterkreuzberg (400.7 m), the Taubenkopf (603.8 m), the Hüttenberg (620.1 m) and the Kanzel (531.7 m) the Breitenberg is one of the subpeaks of the Kalmit massif (672.6 m). It is located in an exposed location on the eastern edge of the Haardt, so that it appears as a prominent hill despite its relatively low height above places in the Upper Rhine Plain.

Transport and walking routes
The Kalmithöhenstraße, which runs inter alia past the Kalmit to the Hüttenhohl and is part of the Landesstraße 515 from Maikammer, crosses the highland northwest of the Breitenberg summit. Also northwest of the summit is a car park for walkers. The Breitenberg may be climbed from the Maikammer village of Alsterweiler, from Sankt Martin or from the Sankt Martin valley.

References

External links

Mountains and hills of the Palatinate Forest
Maikammer
Mountains and hills of Rhineland-Palatinate


title: William Paule

text:
William Paule (fl. 1388) of Grimsby, Lincolnshire, was an English politician.

He was a Member (MP) of the Parliament of England for Great Grimsby in February 1388.

References

Year of birth missing
Year of death missing
English MPs February 1388
Members of the Parliament of England for Great Grimsby


title: The Copper (1958 film)

text:
The Copper also translated as The Grasper () is a 1958 West German crime film directed by Eugen York and starring Hans Albers, Hansjörg Felmy and Susanne Cramer. It is a remake of the 1930 film The Copper which Albers had also starred in. It was shot at the Tempelhof Studios in West Berlin as well as on location in Hamburg and Essen. The film's sets were designed by the art directors Gabriel Pellon and Theo Zwierski.

Synopsis
Otto Friedrich Dennert a veteran of the Essen police force is known as "The Grabber" for his unconventional methods. While investigating a series of killings of women he reaches retirement age. The case is taken over by a new team, including Dennert's son Harry. Convinced that they have arrested the wrong person, Dennert begins investigating by himself with assistance from the criminal underworld.

Cast
 Hans Albers as Otto Friedrich Dennert
 Hansjörg Felmy as Harry Dennert
 Susanne Cramer as Ursula Brandt
 Ernst Stankovski as Willy Goede
 Werner Peters as Mücke
 Mady Rahl as Toni
 Baerbel Wycisk as Evchen
 Horst Frank as Josef Schmitz
 Agnes Windeck as Mutter Schmitz
 Siegfried Lowitz as Dr. Schreiber
 Fritz Wagner as Emil
 Reinhard Kolldehoff as Willy
 Karl Hellmer as Karl Mertens
 Herbert Hübner as Polizeipräsident
 Lia Eibenschütz as Frau Mertens
 Panos Papadopulos as Heini - der Taschendieb
 Joachim Röcker as Tankwart

References

Bibliography
 Hake, Sabine. Popular Cinema of the Third Reich. University of Texas Press, 2001.

External links

1958 films
West German films
German crime films
1958 crime films
1950s German-language films
Films directed by Eugen York
Films set in West Germany
Remakes of German films
Police detective films
1950s German films
Films shot at Tempelhof Studios


title: Chinameca Formation

text:
The Chinameca Formation is a geologic formation in Mexico. It preserves fossils dating back to the Jurassic period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Mexico

References

Jurassic Mexico


title: Coatepec Sandstone

text:
The Coatepec Sandstone Formation is a geologic formation in Mexico. It preserves fossils dating back to the Jurassic period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Mexico

References

External links

Geologic formations of Mexico
Jurassic Mexico
Sandstone formations


title: Yin yang (disambiguation)

text:
Yin and yang are concepts in Chinese philosophy, used to describe how opposite or contrary forces are actually complementary.

The yin and yang symbol, known as Taijitu, refers to a Chinese symbol for the concept of yin and yang.

Yin and yang, yin yang or yin-yang may also refer to:

Music
Yin-Yang (group), Russian-Ukrainian pop group
Ying Yang Twins, Atlanta-based American hip hop duo
Yin and Yang (albums), two separate compilation albums by Fish co-released in 1995
Yin & Yang (album), an album by Nikolija
Yin-Yang (album), third album released by Victor Wooten
The Yin and the Yang, 2001 album of Wu-Tang Clan member Cappadonna
Lil' Mo' Yin Yang, collaborative house-music act of producers and DJs Erick Morillo and Little Louie Vega

Others
Yin Yang fish, also called dead-and-alive fish, dish in Taiwanese cuisine
Yin Yang Yo!, American-Canadian animated television series created by Bob Boyle II
Yin-Yang! X-Change Alternative, Japanese erotic game
Yin-Yang! X-Change Alternative 2, sequel to above
Yin-Yang, fictional character, eleventh King of Xanth, able to create invokable spells in Magicians of Xanth from the Xanth series
YY1 or Yin Yang 1, a transcriptional repressor protein in humans that is encoded by the YY1 gene
The Yin and the Yang of Mr. Go, 1970 British film directed by Burgess Meredith

See also
Yang Yin (511–560), courtesy name Zhunyan nicknamed Qinwang, a high-level official of the Chinese dynasty Northern Qi
Triple yin yang (disambiguation)
Onmyoji (disambiguation) (which uses Yin-Yang or Yinyang)
Yin
Yang


title: Radiographic anatomy

text:
Radioanatomy (x-ray anatomy) is anatomy discipline which involves the study of anatomy through the use of radiographic films.
The x-ray film represents two-dimensional image of a three-dimensional object due to the summary projection of different anatomical structures  onto a planar surface.

It requires certain skills for the correct interpretation of such images. Radiological anatomy is a necessary component of training for radiologists as well as medical students.

References

External links
  RadAnatomy: The KU Radiographic Anatomy Program

Radiography
Human anatomy


title: Intentional misspelling

text:
Intentional misspelling may refer to:
 Sensational spelling
 Satiric misspelling


title: Conglomerado Cualac

text:
The Conglomerado Cualac is a geologic formation in Mexico. First described by Guzmán in 1959, under the name Cuarcita Cualac. Later, Erben (1956) gave it their actual name. It consist of thick beds of a hard, white and sometimes yellowish conglomerate with a cuarcitic matrix. This conglomerate compounds almost exclusively of milky quartz pebbles between .5 and 5 centimeters of diameter. It also presents, in less quantity, pebbles of schist, gneiss, and tuff. Its thickness varies between 30 and more than 200 meters. It preserves fossils dating back to the Jurassic period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Mexico

References

Sources

Jurassic Mexico


title: Huayacocotla Formation

text:
The Huayacocotla Formation is a geologic formation in Mexico. It preserves fossils dating back to the Jurassic period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Mexico

References

Jurassic Mexico


title: La Caja Formation

text:
The La Caja Formation is a geologic formation in Mexico. It preserves fossils dating from the Kimmeridgian to the lower Berriasian. La Caja Formation is widespread in northeastern and central Mexico and known for their abundant and diverse well-preserved ammonites. It was deposited in hemipelagic conditions, and predominantly consists of siliclastic sediments, including marl, with limestone. It is laterally equivalent to the  La Casita Formation, which represent more proximal facies. The ichthyosaurs Ophthalmosaurus icenicus and Parrassaurus yacahuitztli, metriorhynchid Cricosaurus saltillensis and the  giant pliosaur "Monster of Aramberri" are known from the formation.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Mexico

References
Notes

Sources

Jurassic Mexico
Jurassic System of North America
Kimmeridgian Stage
Tithonian Stage
Berriasian Stage


title: La Casita Formation

text:
The La Casita Formation is a geologic formation in Mexico. It preserves fossils dating back to the Kimmeridgian to lowermost Berriasian. It is laterally equivalent to the La Caja Formation and the Pimienta Formation. The ichthyosaurs Jabalisaurus and Acuetzpalin are known from the formation, as well as the metriorhynchid Dakosaurus and indeterminate pliosaurs.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Mexico

References

External links

Jurassic Mexico
Kimmeridgian Stage
Tithonian Stage
Jurassic System of North America


title: Pimienta Formation

text:
The Pimienta Formation is a geologic formation in Mexico. It preserves fossils dating back to the Tithonian-Berriasian. The formation is considered laterally equivalent to the La Casita Formation. The Metriorhynchid Cricosaurus vignaudi is known from the formation.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Mexico

References

External links

Geologic formations of Mexico
Jurassic Mexico
Jurassic System of North America
Tithonian Stage


title: San Ricardo Formation

text:
The San Ricardo Formation is a geologic formation in Mexico. It preserves fossils dating back to the Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous periods.

See also
 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Mexico

References

Jurassic System of North America
Upper Jurassic Series
Jurassic Mexico
Tithonian Stage
Lower Cretaceous Series of North America
Cretaceous Mexico
Berriasian Stage


title: Sierra de Santa Rosa Formation

text:
The Sierra de Santa Rosa Formation is a geologic formation in Mexico. It preserves fossils dating back to the Jurassic period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Mexico

References

Jurassic Mexico


title: Simón Formation

text:
The Simón Formation is a geologic formation in Mexico. It preserves fossils dating back to the Jurassic period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Mexico

References

External links

Geologic formations of Mexico
Jurassic Mexico


title: Taberna Formation

text:
The Taberna Formation is a geologic formation in Mexico. It preserves fossils dating back to the Jurassic period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Mexico

References

External links

Geologic formations of Mexico
Jurassic Mexico


title: Vitiges (horse)

text:
Vitigès (22 March 1973 – after 1987) was a French-bred Thoroughbred racehorse and sire. He was one of the best French-trained two-year-olds of 1976 when he won four races including the Prix Robert Papin and Prix Morny, as well as finishing second in the Prix de la Salamandre. In the following year he won the Prix Djebel and finished second in both the 2000 Guineas and the Prix Jacques Le Marois before being transferred to be trained in England. In October 1976 he recorded his greatest success when recording an upset win over a strong field in the Champion Stakes which led to his being rated the best three-year-old to race in the United Kingdom that year. He ran without success as a four-year-old and was retired to stud, where he had some success as a breeding stallion.

Background
Vitigès was a chestnut horse with a white star and white socks on his hind legs bred in France by Hervé de la Héronnière. He was the best horse sired by Phaëton, an Irish-bred grey stallion best known for winning the Grand Prix de Paris in 1967. Vitigès' dam Valé, won at least two races and produced several other winners including Virunga, who finished third behind Allez France and Dahlia in the Prix de Diane. As a granddaughter of the broodmare Calluna, Valé was related to many other good winners including Athens Wood, Bolkonski, Dibidale (Irish Oaks, Yorkshire Oaks), Tony Bin and Viva Pataca. As a yearling, Vitiges was sold for ₣72,000 and entered the ownership of Mrs Marc Laloum. The colt was sent into training with Gérard Philippeau at Maisons-Laffitte in France.

Racing career

1975: two-year-old season
After finishing second on his debut, Vitiges won two minor races before being moved up in class to contest the Group One Prix Robert Papin over 1100 metres at Maisons-Laffitte Racecourse on 27 July. Ridden by Gérard Rivases, he started at odds of 10.5/1 in a field of thirteen which included challengers from Italy, England and Germany. Racing down the centre of the course, he took the lead 200 metres from the finish and drew away to win by three lengths from the British-trained filly Western Jewel, with Policrock in third and Roan Star in fourth. Three weeks later, Vitiges started 7/5 favourite for the Group One Prix Morny over 1200 metres at Deauville Racecourse in which his main rival in the betting was the François Boutin-trained Manado, who had won the Prix Yacowlef by eight lengths on his only previous start. Vitiges took the lead soon after the start but was soon challenged by Manado and the two colts disputed the lead, before the latter swerved to the left and collided with the rail 400 metres from the finish. Vitiges increased his advantage in the closing stages and won by two and a half lengths from the filly Imogene. On 14 September, the colt started the 4/5 favourite for the Prix de la Salamandre over 1400 metres on soft ground at Longchamp Racecourse. He led from the start and went two lengths clear in the straight, but weakened in the closing stages and was beaten a length into second place by Manado. The Australian jockey Bill Pyers took over the ride on Vitiges when the colt contested France's premier race for two-year-olds, the Grand Critérium over 1600 metres at Longchamp on 5 October. In a change of tactic, he was restrained in the early stages before moving forward on the final turn but was unable to maintain his challenge and finished fifth of the  eleven runners behind Manado, one place ahead of the future Epsom Derby winner Empery.

1976: three-year-old season
Vitiges began his second season in the Prix Greffulhe over 2100 metres at Longchamp on 4 April. He was in contention until half way but then tired badly on the soft ground and finished last of the nine runners more than twenty lengths behind the winner Youth. Five days later he was dropped back in distance for the 1400 metre Prix Djebel on good ground at Maisons-Laffitte in which he was matched against Manado for the third time. Manado started odds-on favourite but Vitiges, ridden a usual by Rivases, won by a length at odds of 5.2/1. On his next appearance Vitiges was sent to England for the 2000 Guineas at Newmarket for which he started third favourite behind Wollow and Manado in a field of seventeen runners. He took the lead from the start and maintained his advantage before being overtaken by Wollow in the final quarter mile and finished second, beaten one and a half lengths.

Vitiges returned to England for his next race and was moved up in distance for the 197th running of the Derby Stakes over one and a half lengths at Epsom Downs Racecourse. The colt went to the front and held the lead until two furlongs from the finish. He was overtaken by Relkino and Empery and weakened in the final furlong to finish sixth of the twenty-three runners behind Empery, Relkino, Oats, Hawkberry and Wollow. On 18 July, Vitiges started the 5.2/1 third favourite for the Prix Eugène Adam over 2000 metres at Saint-Cloud Racecourse but finished sixth of the fourteen runners, five and a half lengths behind the winner Crow. The colt was dropped back in distance and matched against older horses for the first time in the Prix Jacques Le Marois at Deauville. The race resulted in a blanket finish, with the first seven horses crossing the finish line together and Vitiges dead heating for second with Radetzky a head behind Gravelines, just ahead of Manado, Ellora and Avaray.

In September, Vitiges was dropped back even further in distance for the Prix de Seine-et-Oise over 1200 metres at Maisons-Laffitte. Racing against specialist sprinters, he started favourite but after leading for 1000 metres he was overtaken and finished fourth of the ten runners behind Kala Shikari, Raga Navarro and Mendip Man. The colt was then removed from Philippeau's stable and sent to be trained in England by Peter Walwyn at Seven Barrows near Lambourn in Berkshire. As soon as he arrived at Walwyn's stable, the colt was equipped with a softer bit which enabled him to be settled more effectively. In October, Vitiges, ridden by the first time by the Irish jockey Pat Eddery started a 22/1 outsider for the Champion Stakes over ten furlongs at Newmarket. The eighteen-runner field was a strong one, including Crow, Wollow, Rose Bowl, Malacate, and Northern Treasure. The field split into two groups on either side of the wide Rowley mile straight, with Vitiges racing in the smaller group on the far side (the right side of the course from the jockeys' point of view). Vitiges' stable companion Red Regent led the far side group before being overtaken by Rose Bowl, with Vitiges making progress from the two furlong mark. In the final furlong it became apparent that the runners on the far side were well ahead of the stands-side group as Vitiges steadily wore down Rose Bowl. Vitiges took the lead in the final strides and beat Rose Bowl by a neck with Northern Treasure two and a half lengths back in third.

1977: four-year-old season
Vitiges remained in training with Walwyn as a four-year-old but never recovered his previous form in three races. He finished fourth behind the filly Heaven Knows in the Earl of Sefton Stakes at Newmarket in April and then ran tenth of the twelve runners behind Arctic Tern in the Prix Ganay on 1 May. Later that month he was equipped with blinkers in the Clive Graham Stakes at Goodwood Racecourse but showed no improvement as he finished third behind Lucky Wednesday and Norfolk Air.

Assessment
There was no International Classification of European two-year-olds in 1975: the official handicappers of Britain, Ireland and France compiled separate rankings for horses which competed in those countries. In the French Free Handicap, Vitiges was rated the second best juvenile of the season, two pounds behind Manado. The independent Timeform organisation concurred, giving him a rating of 128, two pounds below Manado and one ahead of the top British colt Wollow. In 1976, the official handicappers of Britain and France again produced separate ratings. In the French handicap, Vitiges was rated the seventh best three-year-old colt behind Youth, Crow, Empery, Exceller, Malacate and Twig Moss. The British handicapper, however, rated Vitiges the best three-year-old of 1976, ahead of Pawneese, Wollow, Crow and Empery. Timeform gave him a rating of 132, placing him alongside Wollow and the sprinter Lochnager as the third best horse of the year behind Youth and Crow. In 1977 Timeform gave him a rating of 115 §, with the § (or "squiggle") indicating a horse who is "ungenerous, faint-hearted or a bit of a coward".

Stud career
In the autumn of 1976, it was announced that Vitiges had been syndicated at £23,000 a share (giving him a theoretical value of £960,000) and would begin his stallion career at the Someries Stud at Newmarket in 1978. In fact, he began his stud career earlier than expected, covering several mares at the end of his abbreviated 1977 season. He was exported to Japan in 1986.

The most successful of his offspring was Moon Madness, who won ten races including the St Leger Stakes and the Grand Prix de Saint-Cloud. His other good winners included New Bruce Prix de la Côte Normande and Tants Lingfield Oaks Trial.

Pedigree

Vitiges was inbred 4 × 4 to Prince Rose, meaning that this stallion appears twice in the fourth generation of his pedigree.

References

1973 racehorse births
Racehorses bred in France
Racehorses trained in France
Racehorses trained in the United Kingdom
Thoroughbred family 19-b


title: Taman Formation

text:
The Taman Formation is a geologic formation in Mexico. It preserves fossils dating back to the Jurassic period. It was deposited in a "oxic to anoxic (or anoxic-hypersaline), shallow marine environment" The lithology predominantly consists of limestone and shale.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Mexico

References

Jurassic Mexico
Jurassic System of North America
Kimmeridgian Stage


title: Zorrillo Formation

text:
The Zorrillo Formation is a geologic formation in Mexico, near Tezoatlán de Segura y Luna, Oaxaca. It preserves fossils dating back to the Jurassic period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Mexico

References

Jurassic Mexico


title: Tecomazuchil Formation

text:
The Tecomazuchil Formation is a geologic formation in Oaxaca, Mexico. It is made up of "a basal conglomerate 135 m thick and predominantly composed of quartz and metamorphic rock fragments, overlain by about 600 m of interbedded tan to red conglomerates, sandstones, and siltstones. The Tecomazuchil Formation overlies unconformably the Acatlán Complex and has been assigned a Middle Jurassic age, though it could represent at least part of the Oxfordian." Fossil Bennettitales have been found in the formation.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Mexico

References

External links
 "Fossilworks: Gateway to the Paleobiology Database"
 "Mesozoic Sedimentary and Tectonic History of North-central Mexico", Issue 340
 Paleomagnetic study of Jurassic and Cretaceous rocks from the Mixteca terrane (Mexico)
 A new species of Weltrichia (Bennettitales) from the Middle Jurassic of the Tecomazuchil Formation (Oaxaca, Mexico)
 Magnetostratigraphy of a Middle Jurassic red bed sequence from southern Mexico

Jurassic Mexico
Callovian Stage
Jurassic System of North America


title: San Hipolito Formation

text:
The San Hipolito Formation is a geologic formation in Mexico. It preserves fossils dating back to the Triassic and Jurassic periods.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Mexico

References

Jurassic Mexico


title: Antimonio Formation

text:
The Antimonio Formation is a geologic formation in Mexico. It preserves fossils dating back to the Jurassic period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Mexico

References

Jurassic Mexico


title: Siegmund Huber

text:
Siegmund Huber (born 22 November 1924) was an Austrian former cyclist. He competed in the individual and team road race events at the 1948 Summer Olympics.

References

External links

1924 births
Possibly living people
Austrian male cyclists
Olympic cyclists for Austria
Cyclists at the 1948 Summer Olympics
Place of birth missing
20th-century Austrian people


title: Jumai Khan Azad

text:
Jumai Khan Azad (5 August 1930 – 29 December 2013) was an Indian poet of Awadhi language from Pratapgarh, Uttar Pradesh, India. He received the Awadhi Academy Award and Lokabandhu Rajnarayan Memorial Award.

Biography
Azad was born in Gobri village in  Pratapgarh in Uttar Pradesh to father Siddiqui Ahmed and mother Hameeda Bano.

Azad published 21 books of poetry.

He died on 29 December 2013.

See also

 List of Indian poets
 List of people from Pratapgarh
 List of Awadhi-language poets

References

1930 births
2013 deaths
People from Pratapgarh, Uttar Pradesh
20th-century Indian poets
Indian male poets
Poets from Uttar Pradesh
20th-century Indian male writers
Awadhi writers


title: Andrei Sigaryov

text:
Andrei Mikhalovich Sigaryov (; born March 10, 1993) is a Russian professional ice hockey player. He is currently an unrestricted free agent who most recently played with HC Lada Togliatti of the Supreme Hockey League (VHL).

Sigaryov made his Kontinental Hockey League debut playing with SKA Saint Petersburg during the 2012–13 KHL season.

On May 5, 2017, following the completion of the 2016–17 season, Sigaryov was traded by Admiral Vladivostok to Sibir Novosibirsk in exchange for Vladimir Butuzov.

References

External links

1993 births
Living people
Admiral Vladivostok players
Dizel Penza players
HC Lada Togliatti players
HC Ryazan players
HC Sibir Novosibirsk players
HC Yugra players
Lokomotiv Yaroslavl players
Metallurg Novokuznetsk players
Russian ice hockey left wingers
Sibirskie Snaipery players
SKA-1946 players
SKA Saint Petersburg players
Sportspeople from Khabarovsk


title: Hans Goldschmid

text:
Hans Goldschmid (6 March 1919 – 13 July 1981) was an Austrian cyclist. He competed in three events at the 1948 Summer Olympics.

References

External links

1914 births
1981 deaths
Austrian male cyclists
Olympic cyclists for Austria
Cyclists at the 1948 Summer Olympics
Burials at Ottakring Cemetery


title: Simeon P. Shope

text:
Simeon Peter Shope (December 3, 1837 – January 23, 1920) was an American attorney and politician from Ohio. Coming to Illinois as a small child, Shope worked on the family farm before become a teacher. He studied law and formed a practice in Lewistown, Illinois with Lewis W. Ross. Shope practiced in the town until 1877, when he was elected to a circuit court. In 1885, Shope was elected to the Supreme Court of Illinois, filling an unexpired term. Shope declined re-election in 1894 and instead opened a law practice in Chicago, Illinois.

Biography
Simeon Peter Shope was born in Akron, Ohio on December 3, 1837. When he was two, his family moved to Marseilles, Illinois. In 1850, they removed to nearby Ottawa, Illinois. Educated in public schools, Shope helped on the family farm during summers. Shope took his first job as a railroad engineer's assistant. When he was sixteen, he taught classes in Marshall County, Illinois, focusing on Latin and German. The next year he taught in Woodford County. Shope then moved to Peoria where he studied under the Powell & Purple law firm. In 1856, Shope was admitted to the bar.

Later in 1856, Shope moved to Lewistown to establish a law partnership with future US Representative Lewis W. Ross. In 1862, Shope was elected to a two-year term as a Democrat in the Illinois House of Representatives. Shope practiced in the town for twenty-one years until Shope was elected a judge of the sixth circuit court. He served a two-year term, then was re-elected to a second term but did not accept it. In 1885, Shope was elected to the Supreme Court of Illinois, replacing the seat briefly held by Damon G. Tunnicliff, himself filling the unexpired term of Pinckney H. Walker. He was chief justice of the court in 1889. Shope did not seek re-election after one nine-year term and was succeeded by Joseph N. Carter.

In 1894, upon expiration of his term, Shope moved to Chicago, becoming the senior partner of Shope, Mathis, Barrett & Rogers. He also served as general attorney of the Suburban Railroad Company.

Shope married Sarah M. Jones in 1858 and had two children, son Clarence W. and daughter Mabel Ray. His wife died in 1881. He was a member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, the Knights of Pythias, and Freemasonry, where he attained Knight Templar degrees. Shope died in an automobile accident in Chicago on January 23, 1920. He was buried in Oak Hill Cemetery in Lewistown.

References

1837 births
1920 deaths
Chief Justices of the Illinois Supreme Court
Democratic Party members of the Illinois House of Representatives
Politicians from Akron, Ohio
Road incident deaths in Illinois
People from LaSalle County, Illinois
People from Lewistown, Illinois
Justices of the Illinois Supreme Court


title: The Loves of Casanova

text:
The Loves of Casanova or Casanova is a 1927 French Historical drama film directed by Alexandre Volkoff and starring Ivan Mozzhukhin, Suzanne Bianchetti and Diana Karenne. The film portrays the life and adventures of Giacomo Casanova (1725-1798). Many of those involved with the film were Russian emigres who had come to France following the Russian Revolution.

Cast
Ivan Mosjoukine as Casanova
Suzanne Bianchetti as Catherine II
Diana Karenne as Maria, Duchess de Lardi
Jenny Jugo as Thérèse
Rina De Liguoro as Corticelli
Nina Koshetz as Countess Vorontzoff
Raymond Bouamerane as Djimmy
Olga Day as Lady Stanhope
Albert Decoeur as Duke of Bayreuth
Dimitri Dimitriev as Lord Stanhope
Paul Franceschi
Paul Guidé as Gregori Orloff
Rudolf Klein-Rogge as Czar Peter III
Nathalie Lissenko
Michel Simon as henchman
Carlo Tedeschi as Menucci
Maria Ivogün as soprano

Costume design
Boris Bilinsky designed with Barbara Karinska who went on to win an Oscar in 1948 for her color costume design on Joan of Arc.

References

External links

French historical drama films
French silent feature films
Films directed by Alexandre Volkoff
1920s historical drama films
Films about Giacomo Casanova
Cultural depictions of Catherine the Great
French black-and-white films
Cine-Allianz films
Pathé films
1927 drama films
Cultural depictions of Peter III of Russia
Silent historical drama films
1920s French films
1920s French-language films


title: Rosarito Beach Formation

text:
The Rosarito Beach Formation is a geologic formation in the Playas de Rosarito Municipality of Baja California state, northwestern Mexico.

It preserves fossils dating back to the Neogene period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Mexico

External links

Neogene Mexico
Geography of Baja California
Playas de Rosarito Municipality
Natural history of Baja California
Geologic formations of Mexico


title: Salada Formation

text:
The Salada Formation is a geologic formation in Mexico. It preserves fossils dating back to the Neogene period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Mexico

References

Neogene Mexico


title: San Marcos Formation

text:
The San Marcos Formation is a geologic formation in Mexico. It preserves fossils dating back to the Neogene period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Mexico

References

Neogene Mexico


title: Suchilquitongo Formation

text:
The Suchilquitongo Formation is a geologic formation in Mexico. It preserves fossils dating back to the Neogene period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Mexico

References

Neogene Mexico


title: Tirabuzon Formation

text:
The Tirabuzon Formation is a geologic formation in Mexico. It preserves fossils dating back to the Neogene period, Pliocene epoch.

Fossil content
The following fossils have been reported:

Mammals

 aff. Pontoporia species
 cf. Scaphokogia species
 Stenella species
 Balaenopterinae indeterminate
 Otariinae indeterminate
 Phocoeninae indeterminate
 Kogiidae indeterminate
 Physeteridae indeterminate

Sharks

 Carcharhinus brachylurus
 Carcharhinus galapagensis
 Carcharhinus albimarginatus
 Carcharhinus velox
 Carcharhinus limbatus
 Carcharhinus altimus
 Carcharhinus falciformis
 Carcharhinus obscurus
 Carcharhinus leucas
 Carcharodon carcharias
 Carcharodon sulcidens
 Galeocerdo rosaliaensis
 Hemipristis serra
 Hexanchus griseus
 Isurus benedeni
 Isurus oxyrinchus
 Megalodon
 Odontaspis acutissima
 Prionace glauca
 Rhizoprionodon longurio
 Sphyrna vespertina
 Sphyrna mokarran
 Sphyrna zygaena
 Sphyrna lewini
 Sphyrna media
 Cetorhinus species
 Heterodontus species
 Notorhynchus species
 Squalus species

Bivalves

 Argopecten ventricosus
 Argopecten cf. callidus
 Argopecten mendenhalli
 Chagrepecten dallasi
 Chlamys corteziana
 Chlamys opuntia
 Euvola vogdesi
 Flabellipecten stearnsii
 Flabellipecten refugioensis
 Leopecten bakeri
 Leptopecten latiauratus
 Nodipecten subnodosus
 Patinopecten santarosaliensis
 Patinopecten species

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Mexico

References

External links

Geologic formations of Mexico
Pliocene Series of North America
Neogene Mexico
Siltstone formations
Mudstone formations
Sandstone formations
Fossiliferous stratigraphic units of North America
Paleontology in Mexico


title: Robert J. Abernethy

text:
Robert J. Abernethy (born February 28, 1940) is an American entrepreneur and philanthropist based in Manhattan Beach, California. He is the founder and president of both American Standard Development Company and Self Storage Management Company.

Early life, family, education
Abernethy was born in Indianapolis, Indiana and raised in Davidson, North Carolina. Abernethy attended Johns Hopkins University, where he served as the Student Body President. Also while attending Johns Hopkins, Abernethy gained membership to the Johns Hopkins University chapter of Omicron Delta Kappa, and to Eta Kappa Nu, the honor society for the Institute of Electrical Engineers. He received a B.A. in Mathematics & Electrical Engineering from Johns Hopkins University in 1962. Abernethy attended Harvard Business School, where he took classes taught by Henry Kissinger, Thomas Schelling and J. Ronald Fox. Abernethy graduated with an M.B.A. in 1968. Abernethy completed further postgraduate work at UCLA, where he received a certificate in Construction Management in 1973 and a certificate in Real Estate in 1974.

Abernethy's mother, Helen, was an artist and taught Art History at Davidson College. His father George was a professor at Davidson, and founded the Davidson College Department of Philosophy. Abernethy has one younger sister, Jean Helen Poston.

Military service
From 1963 to 1966, Abernethy served in the United States Navy as a Supply Corps Officer. Abernethy became a commissioned Supply Corps Officer at the Navy Supply Corps School, and then served an 18-month tour of duty in the South China Sea aboard the . Upon returning from his tour, Abernethy became an Operations Officer of the data processing department of the Naval Aircraft Overhaul & Repair Facility at Quonset Point, Rhode Island. Abernethy studied tactical data systems and NORAD at the Cheyenne Mountain Complex.

Career
After Harvard Business School, Abernethy worked for the Hughes Aircraft Company (from 1972 to 1974), which promoted him to Controller for the Technology Division. Prior to his promotion, he worked on developmental aerospace projects such as the AIM-54 Phoenix Missile Program and the Iroquois Night Fighter & Night Tracker Program. In 1974, Abernethy left Hughes Aircraft and started two companies, American Standard Development Company and Self Storage Management Company. The latter develops and manages industrial parks, incubators, and mini storage facilities throughout Southern California. Abernethy served as vice president, Secretary, and Treasurer of the National Self Storage Service Association from 1978 to 1986. He also served on Public Storage’s Board of Directors from 1980 to 2007. In 2009, Abernethy was inducted into the Self Storage Association's "Hall of Fame."

Public service

Abernethy served as a Commissioner on the City of Los Angeles Planning and Zoning Commission from 1984 to 1988, a Director of the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California Board of Directors from 1988 to 1993, a Commissioner on the City of Los Angeles Telecommunications Commission from 1992 to 1993, a Director of the Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority from 1995 to 1998, a Commissioner of the California Transportation Commission from 1999 to 2000, a member of the California State Board of Education from 2000 to 2004, and a member of the California Arts Council from 2001 to 2004.

Educational organizations

Abernethy is a Trustee Emeritus of Johns Hopkins University, where he serves on Advisory Boards for the Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS), SAIS Europe, and the Bloomberg School of Public Health. He has also served on the advisory board of the Peabody Institute and the Center for Talented Youth. Since 1993, Abernethy has served on Davidson College's Board of Visitors.

In the Los Angeles area, he serves as a Trustee of Loyola Marymount University. He sits on the UCLA Luskin School of Public Affairs Board of Advisors, the UCLA Health Advisory Board and the UCLA School of the Arts and Architecture Board of Visitors.

Abernethy formerly served as a Trustee of Davidson College and Johns Hopkins University, where he sat on the advisory board of the Peabody Institute and the Center for Talented Youth. From 1980 to 1990, Abernethy served as Chairman of the Harvard Business School Scholarship Trust.

Public policy and political activity

Abernethy serves as Vice Chairman of the Atlantic Council and as a trustee of the Brookings Institution. He is a Director of the Truman Center for National Policy, the International Refugee Assistance Project, and the Los Angeles World Affairs Council. Additionally, he is a member of the board of Integrity Initiatives International. Abernethy has advisory roles at the United States Institute of Peace  and the RAND Corporation Center for Global Risk and Security. Abernethy serves on the US Department of State Advisory Committee on International Economic Policy Sanctions Subcommittee.

He is a member of the Aspen Institute Society of Fellows, the Chairman's Forum of the Council on Foreign Relations, the California Committee South of Human Rights Watch, and the Synergos Global Philanthropists Circle. He was a Director of  TechNet and the Pacific Council on International Policy. From 1986 to 2000, Abernethy was Chairman of the Center for the Study of Democratic Institutions. Abernethy is a member of the Meridian Board of Trustees.

Abernethy serves as a Director of the New Leaders Council, Associate Publisher to Democracy: A Journal of Ideas, and a Foreign Policy Advisor to the Center for American Progress. He is a Trustee of the New Democrat Network and the Progressive Policy Institute. Previously, Abernethy was a Trustee of the Democratic Leadership Council and an Advisor to Blueprint Magazine.

Philanthropy and cultural institutions

Abernethy was Vice Chair of the Los Angeles Music Center. He serves as a Director of the YMCA of Metropolitan Los Angeles. Since 1978, Abernethy has sat on the Board of Managers of the Westchester Family YMCA. In 2019, The YMCA of Metropolitan Los Angeles awarded Abernethy the Golden Book Award for distinguished service. Abernethy serves as a director of the William H. Parker Los Angeles Police Foundation. Previously, Abernethy was a board member of the Civic Light Opera of South Bay Cities, and served as a Director of the Hollywood Bowl, the Los Angeles Philharmonic, and the Los Angeles Theatre Center.

Abernethy supports healthcare research, serving as a Director of the Albert Schweitzer Fellowship and the John Douglas French Alzheimer's Foundation. He also serves on the Advisory Boards of the Massachusetts General Hospital Center for Surgery, Innovation & Bioengineering, the Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, and the UCLA Health System.

References

1940 births
Atlantic Council
Living people
Businesspeople from Indiana
Businesspeople from North Carolina
Johns Hopkins University alumni
Harvard Business School alumni
People from Davidson, North Carolina
New America (organization)


title: Torgugas Formation

text:
The Torgugas Formation is a geologic formation in Mexico. It preserves fossils dating back to the Neogene period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Mexico

References

Neogene Mexico


title: Tuxpan Formation

text:
The Tuxpan Formation is a geologic formation in Mexico. It preserves fossils dating back to the Neogene period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Mexico

References

Neogene Mexico


title: Ysidro Formation

text:
The Ysidro Formation is a geologic formation in Baja California state, northwestern Mexico.

It preserves fossils dating back to the Miocene epoch of the Neogene period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Mexico

External links

Neogene Mexico
Geography of Baja California
Geologic formations of Mexico
Natural history of Baja California
Miocene Series of North America


title: Zuluzum Formation

text:
The Zuluzum Formation is a geologic formation in Mexico. It preserves fossils dating back to the Neogene period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Mexico

References

Neogene Mexico


title: Balumtun Sandstone

text:
The Balumtun Sandstone is a geologic formation in Chiapas, Mexico. The formation is up to 760 metres thick, and consists of gray sandstone, that were deposited during the Upper Aquitanian stage of the Early Miocene.

See also
 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Mexico
 Mexican amber

References

Further reading
 M. d. C. Perrilliat, F. J. Vega, and M. A. Coutiño. 2010. Miocene mollusks from the Simojovel area in Chiapas, southwestern Mexico. Journal of South American Earth Sciences 30:111-119
 S. D. Webb, B. L. Beatty, and G. Poinar, Jr. 2003. New evidence of Miocene Protoceratidae including a new species from Chiapas, Mexico. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 279:348-367

Geologic formations of Mexico
Neogene Mexico
Aquitanian (stage)
Sandstone formations
Conglomerate formations
Lagerstätten


title: Paraje Solo Formation

text:
The Paraje Solo Formation is a geologic formation in Mexico. It preserves fossils dating back to the Neogene period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Mexico

References

Neogene Mexico


title: Han Xiancong

text:
Han Xiancong (; born November 1955) is a former Chinese politician from Anhui province. He was best known for his term as the Communist Party Secretary of the cities of Anqing and Chuzhou. From 2013 to 2014 he served as the vice-chairman of the Anhui provincial People's Political Consultative Conference, a largely ceremonial legislative consultation body. He was later investigated for corruption and indicted on criminal charges of bribery.

Career
Han was born and raised in Feixi County, Anhui. He graduated from Anhui Agricultural University.

Shortly after the conclusion of the Cultural Revolution, Han worked in his hometown as a teacher at a local school. Han began working in January 1982 in the provincial agriculture and fisheries department. He joined the Chinese Communist Party in July 1984. In 1987, he entered the provincial government as a staffer of the General Office, and in 1991, he began working for the provincial agricultural economics commission.

Han served as the Deputy Party Secretary of Chaohu from October 1994 to July 1996. In August 1999, Han was transferred laterally to Anqing, where he ascended to become the party chief in April 2003. Than he served as the party chief of Chuzhou between February 2008 to February 2012. In February 2012, he was promoted to become the Secretary-general of the Government of Anhui Province.

In January 2013, Han, then 58, was appointed as the Vice-Chairman of Anhui Provincial Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.

On July 12, 2014, Han was being investigated by the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection (CCDI) for "serious violations of laws and regulations".  On December 11, 2014, the CCDI announced the expulsion of Han from the Chinese Communist Party; the investigation concluded that Han abused his power to seek gain for others, took "massive bribes", and presided over "serious loss of state assets". It was also said that he violated the Eight-point Regulation and regularly accepted elaborate dinner invitations paid for by public funds. In December 2015, Han was indicted on criminal charges of bribery and tried in the southeastern city of Nanping, in Fujian province. Han was sentenced to 16 years in prison in November 2016.

References

1955 births
Chinese Communist Party politicians from Anhui
People's Republic of China politicians from Anhui
Living people
Expelled members of the Chinese Communist Party
Chinese politicians convicted of corruption
Politicians from Hefei