title: Jaws in Japan

text:
Jaws in Japan (also titled Psycho Shark) is a 2009 Japanese horror film directed by John Hijiri and written by Yasutoshi Murakawa, starring Nonami Takizawa, Airi Nakajima, and Megumi Haruno. Despite its title, the film has no connection with the 1975 Steven Spielberg film Jaws in terms of its plot or its production. The film has received many negative reviews, it being a low-budget film.

Plot
On the coast off of a private beach on a tropical island, a huge shark is waiting for his prey. Young college students Miki and Mai arrive on the island but are unable to find a hotel in which to stay. Both the young women soon find out that something is seriously wrong after they find a hotel and spend some time there happily filming each other, using video cameras offered by the hotel to guests, yet Miki discovers material filmed by a previous occupant. Dream sequences and actual events become intermingled as Miki realizes that a human serial killer is on the loose as well as finding herself and her friend attacked by a gigantic, almost whale-sized shark. Despite both the movie's Japanese and US titles, the vast majority of the scenes consist of either the girls playing together in bikinis or of them examining materials that have been recorded. Whether or not the killer shark actually exists or is a metaphorical device relating to the human serial killer discovered by Miki in the hotel room recording is left unexplained.

Release
The film was not rated by the Motion Picture Association of America. In both the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland, it has a 12A certificate, meaning that it is not recommended that children under the age of twelve watch it unless they are accompanied by an adult. Despite the advertisement related to the film, no nudity and no sex between characters are shown; however, bloody violence occurs in brief scenes.

Controversy
The title's reference to the original Jaws film attracted legal attention, with the creators of the Japanese movie having failed to obtain any sort of permission to use that name. Despite the introduction of the Psycho Shark title later on, the original name appears to have gained some traction in popular culture and has stuck.

The exploitative nature of the movie attracted condemnation from a variety of publications, such as an article in Vanity Fair labeling the "rip-off" film worth being "forgotten".

See also
List of killer shark films
Sharknado
Sharknado 2

References

External links

Jaws in Japan on Allmovie.

2009 films
2009 independent films
2009 horror films
2009 thriller films
2000s horror thriller films
2000s monster movies
2000s Japanese-language films
Films about sharks
Japanese independent films
Japanese horror films
Japanese thriller films
Japanese monster movies
Japanese natural horror films
Films involved in plagiarism controversies
Films about shark attacks
Giant monster films
2000s Japanese films


title: Franco Rossetti

text:
Franco Rossetti was an Italian film director  and screenwriter .

Life and career
Born in Siena, Rossetti started his career as a film critic, then in the early 1950s he entered the film industry as an assistant director. With the rise of the Spaghetti Western genre, Rossetti developed a solid reputation as a screenwriter, especially thanks to the screenplays of Django, Texas, Adios and Johnny Oro. He made his directorial debut in 1967 with the western The Dirty Outlaws, and then he directed seven more films, spanning different genres.

Filmography
 1967: The Dirty Outlaws
 1969: Delitto al circolo del tennis
 1972: Una cavalla tutta nuda
 1974: Nipoti miei diletti
 1975: Quel movimento che mi piace tanto
 1978: Il mondo porno di due sorelle
 1984: Il lebbroso
 1984: Al limite, cioè, non glielo dico

References

External links

1930 births
Italian film directors
Italian screenwriters
Italian male screenwriters
People from Siena
Living people


title: Charles Thomas Whitmell

text:
Charles Thomas Whitmell (10 July 1849 – 10 December 1919) was an English astronomer, mathematician and educationalist.

Early life and education

Whitmell was born into a middle-class family in Leeds, Yorkshire, where his father was a principal official of the Bank of England.
As a teenage child he was pre-occupied by scientific experiments and investigations – especially in the fields of chemistry, optics, electricity and magnetism. At the age of 14 he was already corresponding with Michael Faraday and Professor John Tyndall.
Whitmell was educated at Leeds Grammar School, London University and Trinity College, Cambridge (where he studied under James Clerk Maxwell at the Cavendish Laboratory). His experimental work was on the subject of highly refractive liquids.
After leaving Trinity College he earned his living by giving Cambridge University Extension lectures, most notably on 'Light & Spectrum Analysis' (Jan–Apr 1875). From 1877 to 1879 he was employed as an Assistant Master at Tonbridge School, near Sevenoaks, Kent.

Inspector of schools

In July 1879 Whitmell was appointed as one of Her Majesty's Assistant Inspectors of Schools, at first working in the area around Sheffield, and in September 1883 was promoted to Her Majesty's Inspector of Schools (HMI) for the South Wales region, centred on Cardiff. He was associated with a number of reform campaigns, such as those for free education, co-education for boys and girls, recreative night-classes, and changes of the law to allow libraries, museums and other cultural facilities to open on Sundays. He also appeared on the platform at rallies demanding votes for women. After more than 13 years in Wales, he was posted to Leeds in the north of England in early 1897 to take over as HMI there.

Scientific and astronomical interests

In both Cardiff and Leeds Charles Whitmell played a leading role in the burgeoning scientific societies. In Cardiff he was an active member of the Chemical and Geological Societies and was a President of the Cardiff Naturalists' Society. Just before leaving Wales he was nominated as the President of the Astronomical Society of Wales.
Upon taking up residence in Leeds he was elected President of the Leeds Geological Society and within a year was chosen unanimously as the President of Leeds Astronomical Society. He was also active at a national level, becoming an elected Council member (and later vice-President) of the British Astronomical Association (BAA, elected 27 November 1895), a Fellow of the Royal Astronomical Society (elected 9 December 1898) and a member of the Société astronomique de France (Astronomical Society of France). Whitmell had a flair for mathematical analysis of curious and unusual scientific problems and it was this characteristic which dominated his published work. Such titles as 'The Maximum Possible Duration for a Total Solar Eclipse', the 'Transit of the Moon across the Earth's disc as seen from Mars', 'Saturn visible through the Cassini Division', and 'a Martian Sundial' became his 'stock in trade'. He also relished the observation and analysis of rare or extreme events such as the green flash at sunset, halos, rainbows and mock suns.
He was a regular correspondent of the popular journal, the English Mechanic, wherein he provided detailed answers to a wide variety of queries on physics, astronomy and mathematics, posed by its readers. He also wrote hundreds of papers on astronomy for journals such as the Journal of the BAA, the Observatory Magazine, the Monthly Notices of the RAS, and the journals of the local scientific societies of which he was a member. For a time he was the editor of the Journal & Transactions of Leeds Astronomical Society and ensured that copies of the Journal were seen by amateur and professional astronomers around the world.

Marriage and later life

During a BAA expedition to Navalmoral in Spain to observe the total solar eclipse of 28 May 1900, Whitmell met Lucy Foster (the daughter of Sir William Foster, Bart. (1825-1911)), who was also a member of the expedition. Lucy shared not only a passionate interest in astronomy, but also Whitmell's love of poetry. Lucy was elected to the BAA on 26 February 1902. Charles and Lucy were married on 26 May 1903. Whitmell retired from his job as HMI in 1910. During World War I, Lucy Whitmell gained fame in her own right as the author of the poem Christ in Flanders, which was published by The Spectator magazine in September 1915. It became very popular amongst the troops – eliciting several poetic responses – and was set to music by a number of different composers. Lucy died after a protracted illness on 7 May 1917 and Charles Thomas Whitmell died unexpectedly, after a very brief bout of pneumonia, on 10 December 1919. Whitmell is buried with his wife at Lawnswood Cemetery in north Leeds. His epitaph reads simply: 'Chas. Thos. Whitmell, Astronomer'.

Works
'Colour: An Elementary Treatise', Charles T. Whitmell (Cardiff, 1888)

References

1849 births
1919 deaths
20th-century British astronomers
19th-century English mathematicians
Alumni of the University of London
Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge
Academics of the University of Cambridge
Schoolteachers from Yorkshire
English educational theorists
People educated at Leeds Grammar School
Scientists from Cardiff
English male poets
20th-century English mathematicians
19th-century British astronomers


title: När juldagsmorgon glimmar

text:
"När juldagsmorgon glimmar" (Swedish for "When Christmas morning glimmers") is a Swedish Christmas song. Betty Ehrenborg-Posse wrote the text in 1851 to the tune of the German student song from 1819, "Wir hatten gebauet ein stattliches Haus".

Christmas lyrics
The Swedish adaptation is often sung in homes, in schools and sometimes in Saint Lucia's Day processions. It was originally used by the Swedish free church movement. The lyrics includes childhood references that were removed when the song was included in the hymnal Den svenska psalmboken (1986), and replaced with an adapted version of the lyrics that was originally published in 1906 in the song book . Who made this adaptation is unknown.

The song has been recorded by Agnetha Fältskog on her 1981 Christmas album Nu tändas tusen juleljus, by Hasse Andersson on Jul i Kvinnaböske from 1986, and by Kikki Danielsson on Min barndoms jular from 1987.

Melody

Publication

 Andelig Örtagård för Barn, 1851, published in Jönköping.
 Andeliga Sånger för barn, volume 2, 1856 (collection by Betty Ehrenborg-Posse).
 Stockholms söndagsskolförenings sångbok, 1882, as number 14 witrh three verses, under the title "Julsånger".
 Herde-Rösten, 1892, as number 434 under the title "Jul-sånger".
 Barnens sångbok, 1893, as number 25 under the title "Julsång".
 Sjung, svenska folk!, 1906, same verses 2 and 3 as in Den svenska psalmboken (1986), both verses writer unknown (1999)
 Svensk söndagsskolsångbok, 1908, as number 21 under the title "Julsånger".
 Lilla Psalmisten, 1909 as number 20 under the title "Kristus: Hans födelse, död och uppståndelse".
 Svenska Frälsningsarméns sångbok, 1922, as number 27 under the title "Högtider, Jul".
 Kyrklig sång, 1916–1927 as number 75.
 Svensk söndagsskolsångbok, 1929, as number 41 under the title "Advents- och julsånger".
 Frälsningsarméns sångbok, 1929, as number 540 under the title "Högtider och särskilda tillfällen – Jul".
 Musik till Frälsningsarméns sångbok, 1930, as number 540.
 Segertoner, 1930, as number 435 under the title "Jesu människoblivande. Julsånger".
 Sionstoner, 1935, as number 161 under the title "Jul".
 Guds lov, 1935, as number 39 under the title "Advents- och julsånger".
 Nu ska vi sjunga, 1943, under the title "Julsånger", listed as "tysk folkmelodi" [German folk melody]
 Sions Sånger, 1951, as number 144.
 Förbundstoner, 1957, as number 42 under the title "Guds uppenbarelse i Kristus: Jesu födelse".
 Kyrkovisor, 1960, as number 718 under the title "Jul".
 Frälsningsarméns sångbok, 1968, as number 597 under the title "Högtider – Jul".
 Sions Sånger, 1981, as number 7 under the title "Jul".
 Den svenska psalmboken, 1986, as number 121 under the title "Jul".
 Lova Herren, 1987, as number 102 under the title "Jul".
 Sionsharpan, 1993, as number 9 under the title "Jul".
 Julens önskesångbok, 1997, under the title "Traditionella julsånger", credited as "German folk tune".
 Barnens svenska sångbok, 1999, under the title "Året runt".
 Sions sånger, 2008, as nummer 12 under the title "Jul".

References

External links

"När juldagsmorgon glimmar", Victor discography
"När juldagsmorgon glimmar", streaming audio

Swedish-language songs
Christmas carols
1851 songs


title: List of French restaurants

text:
This is a list of notable French restaurants. French cuisine consists of cooking traditions and practices from France, famous for the rich tastes and subtle nuances with long and rich history. France, a country famous for its agriculture and independently minded peasants, was long a creative powerbase for delicious recipes, that are both healthy and refined. Knowledge of French cooking has contributed significantly to Western cuisines and its criteria are used widely in Western cookery school boards and culinary education. In November 2010, French gastronomy was added by the UNESCO to its lists of the world's "intangible cultural heritage".

Notable French restaurants

 Alain Ducasse at the Dorchester, London
 Alo, Toronto
 Alobar Yorkville, Toronto
 Les Amis, Singapore
 Arpège, Paris, France
 L'Atelier de Joël Robuchon
 L'Atelier de Joël Robuchon (Bangkok)
 L'Atelier de Joël Robuchon (London)
 Aubergine, London
 Bagatelle restaurant, Oslo, Norway
 Berowra Waters Inn, New South Wales, Australia
 Bistro 990, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
 Café des Artistes, Puerto Vallarta, Mexico
 Café Rouge
 Café Royal, London
 Caprice, Hong Kong
 Chez Bruce, London
 Chez Dominique, Helsinki, Finland
 Les Créations de Narisawa, Tokyo, Japan
 L'Escargot, London
 La Lune, Western Australia
 La Ferme de Mon Père
 Fitzgerald, Rotterdam, Netherlands
 La Folie, San Francisco
 Fouquet's, Paris
 Gaddi's, Hong Kong
 Galvin at Windows, London
 Le Gavroche
 La Grenouille
 Jean-Georges
 Jeune et Jolie
 Locke-Ober
 Lumière
 Lutèce
 La Madeleine
 Maison Novelli
 Le Manoir aux Quat' Saisons
 Mas
 Masa's Wine Bar & Kitchen
 Maxim's Paris
 Mimi's Cafe
 Mr & Mrs Bund, Shanghai, China
 L'Opéra restaurant
 Ortolan, Los Angeles
 Le Papillon
 Per Se
 Philippe's
 Pied à Terre
 Pierre
 Restaurant André
 The Restaurant Marco Pierre White
 Rhubarb Le Restaurant
 RIA
 Roussillon
 Seinpost
 Sketch
 St. Lawrence
 La Société
 La Tante Claire
 Tom Aikens
 Trois Mec
 Tru

United States

Notable French restaurants in the United States include:

 Alex, Las Vegas, Nevada
 An Xuyên Bakery, Portland, Oregon
 Apéro, Washington, D.C.
 Atelier Crenn, San Francisco, California
 Aviary, Portland, Oregon
 L'Atelier de Joël Robuchon, Miami, Florida
 Balthazar, New York City
 Bastide, West Hollywood, California
 Baumé, Palo Alto, California
 Beast, Portland, Oregon
 Bell's, Los Alamos, California
 Benno, New York City
 La Bise, Washington, D.C.
 Bistro Agnes, Portland, Oregon
 Bistro Jeanty, Yountville, California
 Bouchon
 Bouley, New York City
 Brasserie Julien, New York City
 Brasserie Montmartre, Portland, Oregon
 Broussard's, New Orleans
 Café Boulud, New York City
 Cafe Campagne, Seattle, Washington
 Cafe Chambord
 Café des Artistes, New York City
 Canard, Portland, Oregon
 Chez Machin, Portland, Oregon
 Chez Paul, Chicago, Illinois
 Citrin, Santa Monica, California
 Coquine, Portland, Oregon
 Corton, New York City
 Daniel, New York City
 Elephant Walk, Massachusetts
 Eleven Madison Park, New York City
 Everest, Chicago
 Fenouil, Portland, Oregon
 Fleur de Lys
 Frevo, New York City
 Galatoire's, New Orleans, Louisiana
 La Goulue, New York City
 Hamersley's Bistro, Boston
 Knife Pleat, Costa Mesa, California
 L'Espalier, Boston, Massachusetts
 Le Cirque, New York City
 Le Happy, Portland, Oregon
 Le Panier, Seattle
 La Parisienne French Bakery, Seattle
 Le Bec-Fin, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
 Le Bernardin, New York City
 La Côte Basque, New York City
 Joël Robuchon, Las Vegas
 Little Bird Bistro, Portland, Oregon
 Loulay, Seattle
 Lutèce, Las Vegas
 MaMou, New Orleans
 Marmite, Seattle
 Mas, New York City
 Maurice, Portland, Oregon
 Mélisse, Santa Monica, California
 My Loup, Philadelphia
 One If By Land, Two If By Sea Restaurant, New York City
 Pasjoli, Santa Monica
 Le Pavillon
 Le Pichet, Seattle
 Le Pigeon, Portland, Oregon
 Red Cow, Seattle
 St. Jack, Portland, Oregon
 Taix, Los Angeles

See also
 Brasserie
 Friterie
 Haute cuisine
 L'Entrecôte
 List of French cheeses
 List of French desserts
 List of French dishes
 Lists of restaurants
 Pâtisserie

References

External links

French restaurants
Lists of ethnic restaurants


title: 2014 San Marino GO&FUN Open

text:
The 2014 San Marino GO&FUN Open was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. The 27th edition of the tournament, which was part of the 2014 ATP Challenger Tour, took place in City of San Marino, San Marino between 4 and 10 August 2014.

Singles main-draw entrants

Seeds

 1 Rankings are as of July 28, 2014.

Other entrants
The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:
  Alessandro Giannessi
  Máximo González
  Filip Krajinović
  Viktor Troicki

The following players received a special exemption into the singles main draw:
  Federico Gaio
  Roberto Marcora

The following players received entry from the qualifying draw:
  Cristian Garín
  Giovanni Lapentti
  Wilson Leite
  Antonio Veić

Champions

Singles

 Adrian Ungur def.  Antonio Veić 6–1, 6–0

Doubles

 Radu Albot /  Enrique López Pérez def.  Franko Škugor /  Adrian Ungur 6–4, 6–1

External links
Official Website
ITF Search
ATP official site

San Marino GOandFUN Open
San Marino GO&FUN Open


title: Edwina Bone

text:
Edwina Claire Bone (born 29 April 1988) is an Australian field hockey player. Her regular position is as a defender. Bone was a member of the Australia women's national field hockey team that were runners-up at the 2014 Women's Hockey World Cup. She was a member of the Australian team that defeated England in the women's field hockey final at the 2014 Commonwealth Games.

Edwina 'Eddie' Bone joined the Hockeyroos following two years in Hockey Australia's women's development program. She progressed through the junior ranks with the Canberra Strikers. Edwina established herself as a regular in the Hockeyroos' defense after a stellar 2014 season, claiming a gold medal at the Glasgow Commonwealth Games, and a silver medal at the World Cup and Champions Trophy. She also was part of the team that claimed 2nd place in the 2013 World League, as well as the team that won the 2013 Oceania Cup. She now has over 70 caps playing for Australia.

Bone qualified for the Tokyo 2020 Olympics. She was part of the Hockeyroos Olympics squad. The Hockeyroos lost 1–0 to India in the quarterfinals and therefore were not in medal contention.

Off the field, she studied a Bachelor of Sports Management at the University of Canberra. She hopes to become a sport coordinator or coach in the future.

References

External links

1988 births
Living people
Australian female field hockey players
Sportswomen from the Australian Capital Territory
Field hockey players at the 2014 Commonwealth Games
Commonwealth Games gold medallists for Australia
Field hockey players at the 2016 Summer Olympics
Olympic field hockey players for Australia
Commonwealth Games medallists in field hockey
ACT Academy of Sport alumni
Female field hockey defenders
Field hockey players at the 2020 Summer Olympics
20th-century Australian women
21st-century Australian women
Sportspeople from Canberra
Medallists at the 2014 Commonwealth Games


title: San Marino GO&FUN Open

text:
The Internazionali di Tennis San Marino Open (formerly known as the San Marino CEPU Open and San Marino GO&FUN Open) is a professional tennis tournament played on red clay. It is currently part of the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour and has been held annually in San Marino since 1988 (as a Challenger in 1988, as a Grand Prix Regular Series tournament in 1989, as an ATP World Series tournament from 1990 to 1999, as an ATP International Series tournament in 2000, and as a Challenger again from 2001 until 2014, returned in 2021). For the first three years it was held at Centro Sportivo Serravalle before moving to its current home in 1991, the Centro Tennis Cassa di Risparmio di Fonte dell'Ovo in the City of San Marino.

Past finals

Key

Singles

Doubles

See also
 WTA San Marino – women's tournament (1991–1993)

References

Recurring sporting events established in 1988


title: The Wheatsheaf, Fitzrovia

text:
The Wheatsheaf is a pub in Rathbone Place, Fitzrovia, London, that was popular with London's bohemian set in the 1930s. Its customers included George Orwell, Dylan Thomas, Edwin Muir and Humphrey Jennings, who were known for a while as the Wheatsheaf writers  Other habitués included the singer and dancer Betty May, and the writer and surrealist poet Philip O'Connor, Nina Hamnett, Julian Maclaren-Ross, Anthony Carson and Quentin Crisp.

Dylan Thomas
In spring 1936, the poet Dylan Thomas met Caitlin Macnamara (1913–1994), a 22-year-old blonde-haired, blue-eyed dancer of Irish descent. She had run away from home, intent on making a career in dance, and aged 18 joined the chorus line at the London Palladium. Introduced by the artist Augustus John, Caitlin's lover, they met in The Wheatsheaf. Laying his head in her lap, a drunken Thomas proposed. Thomas liked to comment that he and Caitlin were in bed together ten minutes after they first met. Although Caitlin initially continued her relationship with John, she and Thomas began a correspondence, and in the second half of 1936 were courting. They married at the register office in Penzance, Cornwall, on 11 July 1937.

References

Fitzrovia
Pubs in the London Borough of Camden


title: Var hälsad, sköna morgonstund

text:
Var hälsad, sköna morgonstund is an 1819 Christmas hymn with lyrics by Johan Olof Wallin. It is set to a tune composed by Philipp Nicolai., There is also an English language-version called "All Hail to Thee, O Blessèd Morn!" with lyrics by Ernst W. Olson published in the Augustana Hymnal of 1901.

Publications
1819 års psalmbok as number 55 under the lines "Jesu kärleksfulla uppenbarelse i mänskligheten: Jesu födelse (julpsalmer)".
Stockholms söndagsskolförenings sångbok 1882 as number 87 under the lines "Psalmer" with the verses 1 and 4.
Sionstoner 1889 as number 446 under the lines "Psalmer", verses 1-4
Herde-Rösten 1892 as number 94 under the lines "Jul-sånger".
Svenska Missionsförbundets sångbok 1894 as number 32 under the lines "Jesu födelse".
Hjärtesånger 1895 as number 46 entitled "Julsång"
Musik till Frälsningsarméns sångbok 1907 as number 414
Svensk söndagsskolsångbok 1908 as number 22 under the lines "Julsånger"
Lilla Psalmisten 1909 as number 16 under the lines "Kristus: Hans födelse, död, uppståndelse."
Svenska Frälsningsarméns sångbok 1922 as number 25 under the lines "Högtider, Jul".
Svensk söndagsskolsångbok 1929 as number 37 under the lines "Advents- och julsånger"
Frälsningsarméns sångbok 1929 as number 543 under the lines "Högtider och särskilda tillfällen - Jul".
Svenska Missionsförbundets sångbok 1920 as number 82 under the lines "Jesu födelse"
Segertoner 1930 as number 104
Sionstoner 1935 as number 151 under the lines "Jul"
1937 års psalmbok as number 55 under the lines "Jul".
Förbundstoner 1957 as number 43 under the lines "Guds uppenbarelse i Kristus: Jesu födelse".
Segertoner 1960 as number 104
Psalmer för bruk vid krigsmakten 1961 as number 55 verses 1–4.
Frälsningsarméns sångbok 1968 as number 604 under the lines "Högtider - Jul".
Sionstoner 1972 as number 109
1986 års psalmbok as number 119 in 1986 års Cecilia-psalmbok, Psalmer och Sånger 1987, Segertoner 1988 and Frälsningsarméns sångbok 1990 under the lines "Jul".
Finlandssvenska psalmboken 1986 as number 27 under the lines "Jul".
Lova Herren 1988 as number 100 under the lines "Jul".
Julens önskesångbok, 1997, under the lines "Traditionella julsånger".
Barnens svenska sångbok, 1999, under the lines "Året runt".

References

1819 songs
Swedish Christmas songs
Swedish-language songs
Lutheran hymns
Songs about Jesus


title: Selena Rudge

text:
Selena Rudge (born 5 November 1975) is an English female rugby union player. She represented  at the 2006 Women's Rugby World Cup.

References

1975 births
Living people
England women's international rugby union players
English female rugby union players


title: List of shipwrecks in the 13th century

text:
The list of shipwrecks in the 13th century includes some ships sunk, wrecked or otherwise lost between (and including) the years 1201 to 1300.

1231
Unidentified: The ship foundered off the Isle of Wight, England. She was on a voyage from Nantes  to London, England with a cargo of lampreys for King Henry III.

1280
 (First report) — Unidentified: Stranded and a total loss at Bridport, Dorset.

1281
 15 – 17 August — A tempest struck the Tsushima Strait, lasting two full days and destroyed most of the Yuan fleet which was attempting to invade Japan. Contemporary Japanese reports estimated 4,000 ships were destroyed. The Battle of Kōan (also known as the Second Battle of Hakata Bay) was the second attempt by Kublai Khan to invade Japan.

1284
 (First report) — Unidentified: Two lives lost when a boat struck a rock near the tithing of Kelynack, St Just, Cornwall.

References

13th
Shipwrecks
Shipwrecks


title: GTK Scene Graph Kit

text:
GTK Scene Graph Kit (GSK) is the rendering and scene graph API for GTK introduced with version 3.90. GSK lies between the graphical control elements (widgets) and the rendering.

Like GDK, GSK is part of GTK and licensed under the GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL).

Rationale
GSK is part of GTK. GSK is meant to be used by GTK itself and by GTK-based applications that wish to replace Clutter for their UI. Applications that made use of Clutter instead of using only GTK are e.g. GNOME Shell, GNOME Videos, GNOME Boxes and Cheese.

Any application which makes use of GTK's graphical control elements (widgets), as opposed to those applications getting a GTK window and then drawing themselves on it, benefit from GSK.

Performance
Drawing graphical control elements (widgets) without a scenegraph leads to rendering things that don't show up on the screen, things that do not need to be rendered; hence it leads to avoidable performance and battery life losses. The scenegraph is used to do hidden surface determination.

Simplicity
The way widgets were drawn in GTK (when not using Clutter), was, that a draw function (part of GDK hence the name (GIMP "Drawing" Kit)) drew everything. There was no way to know, what has just been drawn. To know where the mouse pointer was currently hovering over, the current position had to be computed. With GSK, it should be fairly easy to write complex graphical control elements (widgets) and still track easily the whereabout of the mouse pointer.

CSS
It  was decided for GTK to move to a Cascading Style Sheet (CSS)-based model for how graphical control elements (widgets) are styled (i.e. themed/skinned) and rendered. In CSS, shadows, borders, padding and style properties have well-defined semantics. Some of those semantics are difficult to implement with the old GTK drawing model.

GSK makes use of graphene, an external library which houses a collection of geometry types — points, sizes, rectangles, vectors, quads, quaternions, matrices. graphene has been ported to the Meson build system.

GSK rendering pipeline
GSK uses a dual-layer approach:
 The lower layer is a simple rendering tree of operations; it can be transformed into appropriate rendering commands with minimal state changes, so it gets transformed into the rendering pipeline. The tree of rendering operations is represented by GskRenderNode instances; an instance of GskRenderer takes the render nodes and submits them (after potentially reordering and transforming them to a more appropriate representation) to the underlying graphic system.
 higher layer: a complex set of logical layers; it adds a high level convenience API for application developers.

Rendering APIs
As of GTK 3.90, which is the development version number of what will become GTK 4, GSK supports rendering using these back-ends:
 Cairo
 OpenGL
 Vulkan

History

Clutter
Clutter was released to the public on June 22, 2006. The integration library "clutter-gtk" has been available since 2006-11-29.

At the 2nd Desktop Summit in August 2011 in Berlin there was quite some talk regarding "GTK+ 4.0 and Clutter 2.0".

Idea to introduce a scene graph to GTK
In 2008 developers such as Havoc Pennington were considering to add a scene canvas to GTK, as people outside of GTK were making use of things like Clutter, Pigment, HippoCanvas or GooCanvas. It was proposed to make graphical control elements (widgets) one kind of object in a more flexible scene graph.

GSK
Before GSK, drawing used to be done by GDK - handling basic rendering such as drawing primitives, raster graphics (bitmaps), cursors, fonts, as well as window events and drag-and-drop functionality.

In June 2006 Clutter, an OpenGL-based 'interactive canvas' library, was released. Clutter has its own scene graph, and GNOME developers preferred to use Clutter's scene graph with GTK, facilitated by a library called clutter-gtk. Clutter can be embedded into every GNOME application by using the clutter-gtk library. The clutter-gtk library provides a GtkClutterEmbed GTK widget which can be used to display a ClutterStage.

Some thought went into how to merge Clutter and GTK in a better way than the clutter-gtk library.

In 2011, Firefox introduced "Azure" and Joe Drew and Bas Schouten bothered with some explanations.

 At GUADEC2013 in Brno Emmanuele shared his idea on implementing a scene graph and an animation framework inside the GNOME platform (after working for the past 6 years on Clutter).
 GTK Scene Graph Kit (GSK) is the forthcoming scene graph for GTK in the process of being written by Emanuele Bassi.
 On 30 July 2014, Emanuelle stated that he thought there shouldn't be a stand-alone Clutter 2.0.

There was a presentation at the 2014 Developer Experience Hackfest regarding a new scene graph for GTK aimed at being merged into GTK+ 3.16. Then GSK was planned to be ready and fully integrated into GTK+ version 3.20, to be released in March 2016. This was postponed to 3.22, and then finally merged into 3.90.

Having OpenGL (or OpenGL ES) support in GDK facilitates a slightly better control of the graphics pipeline; OpenGL is well suited for compositing textured data but totally unsuited for drawing.

The latest information about the status of GSK is from GUADEC 2016.

Other projects
 Enlightenment Foundation Libraries has been using a scene graph since 2000, implemented in the Evas library.
 Qt has been redesigned, and starting with version 5, it features Qt Quick 2 with scenegraph based rendering.

See also

 Clutter

References

External links
 GNOME Reference Manual for GSK4 unstable
 GSK at wiki.gnome.org
 GSK Demystified (I),(II),(III) – Emmanuele Bassi, 2016/08
 GSK code from release GTK 3.89.5
 The modern Gtk drawing model – Alexander Larsson, 2013/11/04
 Overview of GTK and its Libraries  - The GTK Project
 https://git.gnome.org/browse/gtk-web/plain/images/architecture.svg
 https://wiki.gnome.org/Projects/Clutter
 https://wiki.gnome.org/Projects/Clutter/Future
 https://wiki.gnome.org/Projects/Clutter/Apocalypses
 https://wiki.gnome.org/Projects/Clutter/Roadmap

Graphics libraries
GTK


title: Tryggare kan ingen vara

text:
"Tryggare kan ingen vara" (English version: "Children of the Heavenly Father") is a Christian hymn with lyrics by Lina Sandell circa 1850, and published in 1855 Andeliga daggdroppar, where the writer was credited as anonymous. It was recorded by Carola Häggkvist in 1998 on the album Blott en dag. It has also been used in the film soundtrack for the 1987 film More About the Children of Noisy Village.

The melody has been credited to a Swedish version of a German folk tune, but in Koralbok för Nya psalmer, 1921, two different melodies are credited, one 1919 A melody by Ivar Widéen, and another credited as a "folk tune". It is usually heard at baptisms, and sometimes during funerals and Christmas.

In 1925, the song was given lyrics in English, as "Children of the Heavenly Father", written by Ernst W. Olson.

Publications
Lovsånger och andeliga visor 1877 as number 87 med 10 verses entitled "Guds barns trygghet".
Stockholms söndagsskolförenings sångbok 1882 as number 51 under the lines Sånger af allmänt innehåll, with five verses, entitled "Guds barns trygghet".
Metodistkyrkans psalmbok 1896 as number 393, 6 verses, under the lines "Kristi kyrka" in a version credited Fr. Engelke.
Herde-Rösten 1892 as number 45 under the lines "Guds barns trygghet".
Svensk söndagsskolsångbok 1908 as number 194 under the lines "Guds barns trygghet"
Lilla Psalmisten 1909 as number 89 under the lines "Frälsningen".
Svenska Missionsförbundets sångbok 1920 as number 326 under the lines "Guds barns trygghet".
Nya psalmer 1921 as number 622, additional songs for 1819 års psalmbok under the lines "Det kristliga troslivet: Troslivet i hem och samhälle: Det kristna hemmet: Äkta makar + några okända rubriker".
Svensk söndagsskolsångbok 1929 as number 134 under the lines "Guds barns glädje och trygghet"
Frälsningsarméns sångbok 1929 as number 356 under the lines "Jubel, erfarenhet och vittnesbörd"
Psalm och Sång 1929/31, as number 130 under the lines "Trosvisshet och barnaskap"
Musik till Frälsningsarméns sångbok 1930 as number 356
Segertoner 1930 as number 345
Sionstoner 1935 as number 352 under the lines "Nådens ordning: Trosliv och helgelse".
Guds lov 1935 as number 540 under the lines "Barnsånger".
1937 års psalmbok as number 513 under the lines "Barn".
Segertoner 1960 as number 344
Psalmer för bruk vid krigsmakten 1961 as number 513, verses 1–5.
Frälsningsarméns sångbok 1968 as number 423 under the lines " - Erfarenhet och vittnesbörd"
Den svenska psalmboken 1986 1986 års Cecilia-psalmbok, Psalmer och Sånger 1987, Segertoner 1988 and Frälsningsarméns sångbok 1990 under the lines "Förtröstan - trygghet" as number 248.
Lova Herren 1988 as number 750 under the lines "Barn och ungdom".
Barnens svenska sångbok, 1999, under the lines "Hemma i världen".
 All God's People Sing. Song number 80 in English by Bobb, Barry, published St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1992, 316 pp. All God's People Sing. is a Christian children's songbook

Misheard lyrics
According to the book Det är saligt att samla citron, some children have misheard the lyrics:
Bryggare kan ingen vara
Trygga räkan (kan) ingen vara
Tryggare kan ingen vara, än Guds lilla barn i Skara

References

1850s songs
Swedish-language songs
Carola Häggkvist songs
Lutheran hymns


title: Nico & Vinz discography

text:
Page includes discography releases as Nico & Vinz and earlier releases as Envy

Norwegian singing and songwriting duo Nico & Vinz has released two studio albums, fourteen singles and one mixtape.

The duo was launched as Envy with its main debut appearance at Emergenza Festival in 2011. They won first place at the Taubertal Open Air Festival World's "Emergenza Final" for new emerging artists. Following that success, the duo released the mixtape Dreamworks: Why Not Me under the name Envy. The materials were also made available online through WiMP. In June 2011, the duo released their debut single "One Song" under the name Envy. The song peaked to number 19 on the Norwegian Singles Chart. Envy released their debut studio album The Magic Soup and the Bittersweet Faces on April 27, 2012, peaking to number 37 on the Norwegian Albums Chart.

In April 2013, they released "Am I Wrong" under the name Envy. In January 2014, the duo changed their name from Envy to Nico & Vinz, in coordination with their signing to Warner Bros. Records in the United States to avoid being confused with other artists with a similar name. With international success of the single, the duo changed the credits of the single to the new adopted name. In August 2014, the song gained them their first UK number one single, and they became the first Norwegian act to top the chart in 28 years. The song also peaked at number one in New Zealand and at number 2 on the Norwegian Singles Chart, Danish Singles Chart and on the Swedish Singles Chart. It was followed up with another release "In Your Arms" which also charted in Norway, Denmark and Sweden.

Albums

Studio albums

Mixtapes

Extended plays

Singles

As lead artist

As featured artist

Notes
 Credited as Envy.
 Credited originally to Envy until renaming of the duo as Nico & Vinz in January 2014. International releases starting February 2014 were changed to Nico & Vinz as well and Scandinavian charts were amended to reflect change.
 Credited as Nico & Vinz.

Other charted songs

Notes

References

Pop music discographies
Discographies of Norwegian artists


title: Connecticut Open

text:
Connecticut Open may refer to:

 Connecticut Open (1910s event), a PGA Tour-level tournament
 Connecticut Open (golf), the state's official open
 Connecticut Open (tennis), a WTA Tour tennis tournament


title: Day by Day (hymn)

text:
"Day by Day (and with Each Passing Moment)" is a Christian hymn written in 1865 by Lina Sandell several years after she had witnessed the tragic drowning death of her father. It is a hymn of assurance used in American congregational singing.

Sandell-Berg was a prolific Swedish hymn writer. Two of her hymns, "Day By Day" and "Children of the Heavenly Father" are widely known in the United States. The original and most popular English translation of the hymn is by Andrew L. Skoog, a Swedish immigrant to the United States. "Day by Day" started appearing in American hymnals in the latter half of the 1920s, and its popularity has increased since then. The hymn's tune was composed in 1872 by Oscar Ahnfelt.

The hymn's Swedish name is "Blott en dag," its first three words in Swedish. The words mean "just one day" or "just another day." In Sweden and Finland, it is popular at funerals. It was recorded by Carola Häggkvist in 1998 on the album Blott en dag. Other Swedish recordings include one in 1965 by Curt & Roland and on Anna-Lena Löfgren's 1972 Christmas album, Nu tändas tusen juleljus.

Lyrics

Robert Leaf's translation from the Swedish Lutheran Book of Worship hymnal is:
Day by day, your mercies attend me,
Bringing comfort to my anxious soul.
Day by day the blessings Lord, you send me
Draw me nearer to my heavenly goal.
Love divine, beyond all mortal measure,
Brings to naught the burdens of my quest;
Savior lead me to the home I treasure,
Where at last I find eternal rest.

References

1865 songs
1998 singles
American Christian hymns
Swedish-language songs
Carola Häggkvist songs
Lutheran hymns
19th-century hymns


title: Víctor Chirinos

text:
Víctor Chirinos (born 1 February 1941) is a former Venezuelan cyclist. He competed in the team time trial at the 1960 Summer Olympics.

References

External links

1941 births
Living people
Venezuelan male cyclists
Olympic cyclists for Venezuela
Cyclists at the 1960 Summer Olympics
Sportspeople from Caracas
20th-century Venezuelan people


title: 2002 AFL Under 18 Championships

text:
The 2002 National AFL Under 18 Championships was the seventh edition of the AFL Under 18 Championships. Eight teams competed in the championships: Vic Metro, Vic Country, South Australia and Western Australia in Division 1, and New South Wales/Australian Capital Territory (NSW/ACT), Northern Territory, Queensland and Tasmania in Division 2. The competition was played over three rounds across two divisions. Vic Metro and NSW/ACT were the Division 1 and Division 2 champions, respectively. The Michael Larke Medal (for the best player in Division 1) was awarded to South Australia's Byron Schammer, and the Hunter Harrison Medal (for the best player in Division 2) was won by the Northern Territory's Anthony Corrie.

Results

Division 1

Division 2

Under 18 All-Australian team
The 2002 Under 18 All-Australian team was named on 6 July 2002:

 South Australia: Daniel Bell, Adam Cooney, David Kellett, Byron Schammer
 Victoria Country: James Allan, Ryley Dunn, Matthew Ferguson, Adam Fisher, Brendon Goddard, Troy Selwood
 Victoria Metro: Stephen Gilham, Paul Johnson, Steven Salopek, Kade Simpson, Callum Urch
 Western Australia: Matthew Moody
 New South Wales/Australian Capital Territory: Ryan Crawford
 Northern Territory: Jared Brennan, Raphael Clarke, Anthony Corrie
 Queensland: Paul Shelton
 Tasmania: Luke Shackleton
 Coach: David Dickson (Vic Metro)
 Assistant coach: Darren Trevena (Northern Territory)

References

Under 18


title: Nico Pleimling

text:
Nicolas Pleimling (born 15 December 1938) is a former Luxembourgian cyclist. He competed in the team time trial at the 1960 Summer Olympics.

References

External links

1938 births
Living people
Luxembourgian male cyclists
Olympic cyclists for Luxembourg
Cyclists at the 1960 Summer Olympics
Sportspeople from Luxembourg City


title: Harvey High School (New Brunswick)

text:
Harvey High School is a grades 6-12 school located in Harvey, New Brunswick. Harvey High School is in the Anglophone West School District. The current principal is Jeremy Maclver.

History
Before 1946, high-school level students in the area attended McAdam High School. Harvey Regional High School was opened in January 1947, accommodating students from grades 7–11. Eventually, the school was renamed to Harvey High School.

See also
 List of schools in New Brunswick
 Anglophone West School District

References

Schools in York County, New Brunswick
English-language high schools in New Brunswick
Middle schools in New Brunswick


title: Heinrich Krippel

text:
Heinrich Krippel (27 September 1883 – 5 April 1945) was an Austrian sculptor, painter, chalcographer and illustrator. He is best known for his creation of monumental statues of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk in Turkey.

He was educated at Academy of Fine Arts Vienna between 1904 and 1909.

Notable works
Atatürk Monument, Seraglio Point (Sarayburnu Atatürk Anıtı) (3 October 1926)
Atatürk Monument, Konya (29 October 1926)
Victory Monument, Ankara (Ankara Zafer Anıtı) (24 November 1927))
Statue of Honor, Samsun (Onur Anıtı, Samsun) (15 January 1932)
Monument of Great Triumph, Afyonkarahisar (Büyük Utku Anıtı) (24 March 1936)
Monument of Sitting Atatürk, Ankara (Oturan Atatürk Anıtı) (1938)

References

1883 births
Artists from Vienna
Academy of Fine Arts Vienna alumni
Austrian sculptors
Austrian male sculptors
20th-century Austrian painters
20th-century male artists
Austrian male painters
Austrian engravers
Austrian illustrators
Austrian expatriates in Turkey
1945 deaths
20th-century sculptors


title: 1995–96 Norwich City F.C. season

text:
During the 1995–96 English football season, Norwich City F.C. competed in the Football League First Division.

Season summary
Martin O'Neill, who had taken Wycombe Wanderers from the Conference to the Second Division with successive promotions, was appointed as Norwich City manager in the summer of 1995. He lasted just six months in the job before resigning after a dispute with chairman Robert Chase over Chase's refusal to permit O'Neill to spend significant sums on strengthening the squad. Soon after O'Neill's resignation, Chase stepped down after protests from supporters, who complained that he kept selling the club's best players and was to blame for the relegation.  Indeed, between 1992 and January 1995, Norwich sold a number of key attacking players: Robert Fleck (for £2.1M), Ruel Fox (for £2.25M), Chris Sutton (for £5M),  Efan Ekoku (£0.9M) and Mark Robins (£1M). Nearly 40 years after being instrumental in saving the club from bankruptcy, Geoffrey Watling bought Chase's majority shareholding. Gary Megson was appointed Norwich manager on a temporary basis for the second time in eight months. Megson remained in charge until the end of the season before leaving the club.  Just four seasons after finishing third in the Premiership and beating Bayern Munich in the UEFA Cup, Norwich had finished 16th in Division One.

Final league table

Results
Norwich City's score comes first

Legend

Football League First Division

FA Cup

League Cup

Players

First-team squad
Squad at end of season

Notes

References

Norwich City F.C. seasons
Norwich City


title: Matthew Hudson-Smith

text:
Matthew Hudson-Smith (born 26 October 1994) is a British track and field sprinter who specialises in the 400 metres. He holds, as of August 2023, the British and European record, running a personal best of 44.26 seconds for the distance set at the Budapest World Championships in 2023. He was the 2018 European Champion in 400 metres, and a member of the gold-winning teams in the 4 x 400 metre relay at the 2014 European Athletics Championships, with Great Britain and 2014 Commonwealth Games with England.

In the summer of 2022 he won his first individual global medal, a bronze, in the 2022 World Championships, only the second British male after Roger Black to win a World Championships medal in the event. Weeks later, at his home track in Birmingham, United Kingdom he won the silver medal at the Commonwealth Games representing England, before retaining his European title at the 2022 European Championships event in Munich. By retaining his 400-metre European crown, he matched the achievements of countrymen Roger Black and Martyn Rooney. He is, as of 2022, the most decorated British athlete in European Championships history, with seven medals, second overall only to French sprinter Christophe Lemaitre.

Career
Born in Wolverhampton, he joined his local athletics club, Birchfield Harriers, in 2006. He competed in a variety of events before focusing more on the sprints from 2008 onwards. In 2010 and 2011 he mainly concentrated as a 200 metres runner. He was runner-up at the English Schools Championships over that distance in both 2011 and 2012 before finally winning the title in 2013 at the age of eighteen, after returning from a series of hamstring injuries and illness. During 2012 to 2013 he studied on the AASE Apprenticeship at Loughborough College and is now a Physical Education and Sports Coaching student at the University of Worcester,  allowing him to continue his education at the same time as training and competing.

That year also saw his international debut for Great Britain: he performed well at the 2013 European Athletics Junior Championships, setting a 200 m best of 20.88 seconds in the semi-finals before getting the bronze medal in a British medal sweep, behind Nethaneel Mitchell-Blake and Leon Reid. He won a second bronze as part of the British 4×400 metres relay team, running the second leg.

In the 2014 season he returned to competing in the 400 m, working under his coach Tony Hadley. Coming from a personal best of 48.76 seconds at the start of the year, his new focus on the event greatly improved his times. He ran of 46.29 seconds at the Tom Jones Memorial Invitational in Florida in April, then set a best of 45.80 seconds in Belgium in May. He ran a quick race at the British Athletics Championships, but was disqualified for a lane infringement.

His following race at the Glasgow Grand Prix marked a career breakthrough as he finished in the top three at the Diamond League race in a time of 44.97 seconds. This made him only the second British teenager to dip under 45 seconds for the distance and placed him second on the European rankings for the season. Hudson-Smith surprised himself with the level of improvement, saying "I've no idea where that came from, no idea at all". He was chosen to represent England at the 2014 Commonwealth Games in the 4×400 m relay alongside Conrad Williams, Michael Bingham, and Daniel Awde. On his return to Glasgow for the Commonwealth Games he ran the fastest split on the final leg to overhaul Trinidad and Tobago's Zwede Hewitt and hold off Olympic champion Chris Brown, winning the gold medal for the team.

At the 2014 European Athletics Championships in Zürich, Switzerland, Hudson-Smith won the silver medal in the individual 400 m in a time of 44.75 seconds, behind compatriot Martyn Rooney. This is despite receiving a yellow card (warning) from the officials for not being stable in the set position.

Personal bests
400 metres – 44.26 sec (2023)   (EUROPEAN RECORD)
200 metres – 20.60 sec (2020)
60 metres – 6.96 sec (2012)

Domestic competition record

Hudson-Smith is a five time British national champion outdoors in the 400 metres. He has no indoors domestic titles.

International competition record
Representing  unles otherwise stated.

References

External links

Living people
1994 births
Sportspeople from Wolverhampton
English male sprinters
British male sprinters
Olympic male sprinters
Olympic athletes for Great Britain
Athletes (track and field) at the 2016 Summer Olympics
Commonwealth Games gold medallists for England
Commonwealth Games medallists in athletics
Athletes (track and field) at the 2014 Commonwealth Games
Athletes (track and field) at the 2018 Commonwealth Games
European Championships (multi-sport event) silver medalists
World Athletics Championships athletes for Great Britain
World Athletics Championships medalists
European Athletics Championships winners
British Athletics Championships winners
Black British sportsmen
Medallists at the 2014 Commonwealth Games


title: Jesus för världen givit sitt liv

text:
Jesus för världen givit sitt liv is an 1889  Easter song with lyrics by Lina Sandell, and 1860 music by Fredrik August Ekström. According to Koralbok för Nya psalmer, 1921, the A tune is based on an English melody, and the B-tune a Fredrik August Ekström composition. The song was recorded by Carola Häggkvist in 1998 on the album "Blott en dag".

Publication
Hemlandssånger 1892 as number 66 under the lines "Högtiderna".
Svensk söndagsskolsångbok 1908 as number 166 under the lines "Jesus efterföljelse".
Samlingstoner 1919, as number 23 under the lines "Bönesånger".
Nya psalmer 1921, tillägget till 1819 års psalmbok, as number 603 under the lines "Det kristliga troslivet: Troslivet hos den enskilda människan: De trognas helgelse och krisliga vandel: Den dagliga förnyelsen i Kristi efterföljelse".
Svensk söndagsskolsångbok 1929 as number 66 under the lines "Jesu lidande".
Sionstoner 1935 as number 192 under the lines "Passionstiden".
Guds lov 1935 as number 77 under the lines "Passionssånger".
1937 års psalmbok as number 519 under the lines "Barn".
Förbundstoner 1957 as number 107 under the lines "Guds uppenbarelse i Kristus: Jesu lidande och död".
Segertoner 1960 as number 129.
Psalmer för bruk vid krigsmakten 1961 as number 519 verserna 1-3.
Kristus vandrar bland oss än 1965 as number 16.
Frälsningsarméns sångbok 1968 as number 680 under the lines "Barn och ungdom".
Sions Sånger 1981 as number 21 under the lines "Från Getsemane till Golgata".
Cantarellen 1984 as number 54, verserna 1-3.
1986 års psalmbok as number 45 under the lines "Jesus, vår herre och broder".
Lova Herren 1988 as number 51 under the lines "Frälsningen i Kristus".

External links
 Text of hymn from hymnary.org

References

1860 songs
Carola Häggkvist songs
Easter hymns
Swedish-language songs
Songs about Jesus
Lutheran hymns


title: Valerian Sidamon-Eristavi

text:
Valerian Sidamon-Eristavi (; 2 July 1889 – 9 June 1943) was a Georgian Modernist artist and set designer.

Born in the town of Kvareli into a noble family, Valerian Sidamon-Eristavi studied arts at Tiflis and Moscow. Returning to Georgia in 1915, he made a name as a caricaturist and illustrator and later switched to historical painting. He became best known for his set design for the Georgian theatre and cinema, for which he fruitfully collaborated with the leading director Kote Marjanishvili. He worked as an art director for about 35 films between 1922 and 1935. In the late 1930s, he mostly retired to teaching arts.

References

External links

1889 births
1943 deaths
Scenic designers from Georgia (country)
People from Kakheti
20th-century painters from Georgia (country)
Academic staff of the Tbilisi State Academy of Arts


title: Battle of Zumar

text:
The Battle of Zumar was fought between the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant and Kurdish Peshmerga troops over the city of Zumar in Nineveh province in northern Iraq. It started when IS launched an offensive on Zummar from 1–4 August 2014, resulting in its capture. On  25 October, after US airstrikes, Kurdish Peshmerga troops succeeded in recapturing the city, after an unsuccessful attempt to hold it in September.

Capture by IS
Beginning on  1 August 2014, IS attacked Kurdish Peshmerga positions in and around the city of Zumar. According to Kurdish sources, the initial advance of IS was repelled with some 100 jihadist militants and 14 Kurdish troops killed; 38 more IS jihadists were captured by Peshmerga. However, three days later, IS captured the town as well as its oil field. The victorious IS force was reportedly led by Amir Mohammed Abdul Rahman al-Mawli al-Salbi, one of the group's ministers and a deputy to Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi.

Aftermath

Kurdish counteroffensive
On 31 August Kurdish Peshmerga troops entered Zumar. The Kurdish forces launched the offensive after capturing the Ain Zala oilfields just outside Zumar two days earlier. IS fighters torched three oil wells as they retreated from Ain Zala. The Peshmerga have been able to recapture several IS-controlled towns after receiving weaponry from the United States and other nations. As a result of the attack by Peshmerga forces on the Zumar, more than 92 IS militants have been killed and a further 160 taken to hospitals in Mosul with severe injuries. Kurdish forces were eventually forced to leave Zumar after enduring heavy losses.

French air strikes on IS
Qassim al-Moussawi, a spokesman for the Iraqi military, said on 19 September 2014 that four French air strikes with Dassault Rafale fighter aircraft, had hit the town of Zumar, killing dozens of militants, AP news agency reported.

Kurdish recapture of Zumar
On  25 October 2014, Kurdish forces launched an offensive on the town. IS forces put up fierce resistance, and launched a car bomb attack on Peshmerga forces. Iraqi television said that 50 IS fighters were killed and 10 vehicles destroyed. After seventeen US airstrikes on the town, Kurdish forces took control of it. Their future goal is to regain control of nearby Sinjar, which was the scene of a massacre against Yazidi Kurds. The Daily Beast reported that American and German special forces were involved in coordinating airstrikes in Zumar; a report which The Pentagon denied.

References

See also

 Spillover of the Syrian Civil War

Zumar
2014 in Iraq
2014 in Iraqi Kurdistan
Zumar
Zumar


title: Raymond Bley

text:
Raymond Bley (19 February 1939 – 25 March 2012) was a Luxembourgian cyclist. He competed in the team time trial at the 1960 Summer Olympics.

References

External links

1939 births
2012 deaths
Luxembourgian male cyclists
Olympic cyclists for Luxembourg
Cyclists at the 1960 Summer Olympics
People from Pétange


title: Robert Grieve (town planner)

text:
Sir Robert Grieve FRSE RTPI RIAS FRSGS LLD DLit (11 December 1910 – 25 October 1995) was a Scottish polymath: engineer, planner, academic, mountaineer, poet, raconteur and visionary. Grieve played a pivotal part in both the Clyde Valley Regional Plan and the Highlands and Islands Development Board.
Reflecting on his career, he described it as a process of "falling up the ladder".

Biography

Early life

Grieve was born on 11 December 1910 in Maryhill, Glasgow in a tenement, one of six children to Peter Grieve and his wife, Catherine Boyle. Grieve's father, was a Clydeside boilermaker who did little with his family other than provide a weekly wage packet. His mother, Catherine, was radically socialist, well read and a caring and faithful Roman Catholic. Catherine took Grieve out of the local Roman Catholic School, recognising his potential and intelligence. She was upset that she could not send Grieve to St Aloysius or other fee-paying Roman Catholic school, instead sending him to North Kelvinside school.

The greatest influences on Grieve in his early years were his mother and his uncle Tom. He later described his mother as "a caged tigress". Grieve was taken on "enormous walks" by his uncle. They would travel by tram to get to the countryside. This is where Grieve first saw "the hills of the Campsies in the distance, and once far away the bulk of Ben Lomond".

Grieve learnt values from his uncle and mother of nature and book loving, and a questioning and critical mind. He rarely spoke of his uncle without being moved to tears.

At weekends and holidays Grieve continued walking in the nearby countryside in the Campsie Fells, Loch Lomondside, the Trossachs and the west coast. Looking in at Glasgow, rather than being immersed in it, spaked his determination to alter and improve city dwellers' lives.

Early career

Grieve trained and qualified as a civil engineer at the Royal College of Science and Technology. While working for the Glasgow Corporation, Grieve was further encouraged to take night classes and become a qualified town planner, passing the final exam of the Town Planning Institute in 1937.

In the 1930s Grieve held various posts in local government, including with Paisley Burgh Council and Renfrew County Council. Grieve also had periods of unemployment. During these times he would nurture his passion for climbing and walking in the hills.

In 1940 Grieve was responsible for the construction of air-raid shelters in Clydebank. He used his engineering skills to devise a novel strategy of distributing and locating shelters so that they could be reached from peoples homes in the shortest possible time. Grieve is credited with having saved significant numbers of civilians during the Clydebank Blitz.

Later Grieve claimed that there was a time when Scotland had only two qualified town planners, of which he was one.

Marriage and children

In 1933 Grieve married Mary Blackburn, always known as May. They had four children, Ann, Elizabeth, Iain and William.

Grieve was very close with his wife Mary who supported him in his endeavours. She was a charming and powerful lady who kept Grieve in Scotland when he was offered a position as government Chief Planner in London, not wanting to leave her beloved homeland.

After a long illness May Grieve died in 1984, which caused Grieve profound anguish.

Clyde Valley Regional Plan

From 1944 Grieve worked on the Clyde Valley Regional Plan. According to a later colleague Alec Kerr: "He was always involved in seminal works, and he was the person to ask the searching question which simulated  reasonable thought and forced people to think in depth about what they were proposing."

Grieve's influences on the plan included the framework for moving Glasgow's overspill into new towns, and ensuring that new towns were not only economic development centres but also viable communities.

The preservation of Eaglesham and the concept of East Kilbride were both examples of Grieve's concern for properly balanced communities.

While the best known name on the Clyde Valley Regional Plan was that of architect Sir Patrick Abercrombie, Grieve and Hugh McCalman did most of the work. Grieve was originally tasked with completing the plan's chapter on recreation. The chapter was so good that Grieve was asked to contribute more and more by Sir Robert Matthew. Grieve's concern was the social aspects of planning and how it would effect people. As a result he was sometimes in conflict with his friend, the civil servant James McGuinness, head of the Scottish Economic Planning Department.

The Clyde Valley Regional Plan had a major influence on the development of Glasgow.

Chief Planning Officer for Scotland

In 1946 Grieve joined the Department of Health in the Scottish Office in a new planning division, initially as regional planning officer for the Highlands and Islands. Later he became regional planning officer for the Clyde Valley.

In the years 1960 to 1964 Grieve was given the new Scottish Office post of Chief Planning Officer for Scotland. An example of Grieve's searching questions was his challenge, in 1962, to Glasgow Corporation's plans to build 650 high-rise blocks of flats within the city. The only blocks to be built were the Red Road Flats which have since been demolished.

During his time as chief planning officer, Grieve had influence on road transport planning for the Central Belt and the planning of new towns in Scotland.

Chair of Town and Regional Planning, University of Glasgow

In 1964 the University of Glasgow invited Grieve to become their first Professor of Town and Regional Planning, a post he held until he retired in 1974.

He was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II in 1969.

At Glasgow Grieve created a Masters programme in planning that was social-science based. The initial intention was that the programme be independent of recognition by the Royal Town Planning Institute.
Grieve's views on urban development were similar to work being developed by Donald Robertson, his close friend, another professor in the Department of Social & Economic Research.
In his seminars and lectures, Grieve practised breadth in education, following Patrick Geddes, another great Scottish planner, with recitations of Scots poetry, particularly of the modern makars.

Highlands and Islands Development Board

When the Highlands and Islands Development Board (HIDB) was established in 1965, the first choice of the then Secretary of State for Scotland, Willie Ross, for the chairmanship was Grieve.
William Kerr Fraser said of Grieve "The Secretary of State wanted a man of radical approach who both knew the Highlands and was well known in the Highlands." Kerr Fraser also said of Grieve that "He dreamed dreams and was almost fey – but converted them into reality. He saw things against a large canvas. Above all, Bob Grieve did not keep his head below the parapet."

The University of Glasgow agreed to his five year, full time secondment to the HIDB on condition that he could be consulted by the university on the development of his department of Town and Regional Planning and its research activities.

Grieve set a long-term goal of the establishment of a university of the Highlands & Islands during his first year as chairman.

Encouraged by international interest, the HIDB in conjunction with the British Council ran an annual seminar for overseas students, especially from the Third World, in Plockton. These seminars were chaired and planned by Grieve and extended his influence on planning and planners beyond the UK to an international audience.

Recreation

In Who's Who, Grieve listed poetry and mountaineering as his leisure pursuits.

Early influences were Jack London and H. G. Wells. While he had read the great philosophers, he could also quote from Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance by Robert M. Pirsig. He had read it many times and scrawled annotations on his copy.

Grieve was a legendary storyteller with mastery over the nuances of language. While keeping a deadpan expression he could tell excruciatingly funny stories. He was admired as raconteur and after dinner speaker.

One of his aphorisms was "unscrewing the inscrutable" to describe a deliberate and careful thought process on complex matters.

In 1967 BBC Scotland invited Grieve to introduce the poems and songs for their Burns' Night programme.

Grieve was a keen and skilled mountaineer and became president of both the Scottish Mountaineering Council and the Scottish Mountaineering Club.

Other chairmanships and presidencies

Grieve was chairman of the Royal Fine Art Commission for Scotland 1978–1983. Charles Prosser, secretary of the Royal Fine Arts Commission for Scotland, remembered Grieve as a great chairman, and pointed to a paragraph in the commission's 1982 annual report:
"The design for the British National Oil Corporation headquarters in St Vincent Street, Glasgow, was strongly opposed by us and to a greater or lesser extent by all the voluntary amenity bodies who studied it. The chairman of BNOC wrote to the effect that he and his corporation are as well able to assess design quality as we are. We think this opinion to be no more pertinent than any opinions we might have on how to run an oil company."
Grieve was also chairman of the Highlands and Islands Development Consultative Council 1978–1986.

Grieve chaired an enquiry for Glasgow into their housing conditions, in the 1980s.

In 1988 Grieve chaired the Campaign for a Scottish Assembly committee that drafted the Claim of Right for Scotland, which was published in June 1988.

Grieve was president of many bodies, including:
Friends of Loch Lomond;
the Inverness Civic Trust;
numerous mountaineering organisations;
the New Glasgow Society;
the Saltire Society;
the Scottish Branch of the Royal Town Planning Institute;
the Scottish Countryside Rangers Association; and
the Scottish Rights of Way Society.

Death and afterwards
Grieve died after a long illness in Edinburgh on 25 October 1995. His son William summed up Grieve's life in his death notice incorporating a favourite phrase of his father's: "Throughout his life he exchanged the unexceptionable sentiment for the terror of action."

The University of Glasgow has named the Sir Robert Grieve Dissertation Prizes after him.

Published works

 Grieve on Geddes (1991) the Sir Patrick Geddes Memorial Trust, Scotland.

Grieve collaborated on and part authored several professional reports and books. He also had many articles and papers in technical and professional journals.

Awards

In the 1969 Queen's Birthday Honours List Grieve was created a Knight Bachelor .

In 1976 Heriot-Watt University appointed Grieve as an honorary professor. Grieve was also honoured by Strathclyde University and the University of Edinburgh.

In 1974 the Royal Town Planning Institute awarded Grieve their gold medal, the tenth to be awarded in sixty years.

Grieve was an Honorary Fellow of the Royal Scottish Geographical Society and the Royal Incorporation of Architects in Scotland.

In 1980 Grieve was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh.

In 1990 Grieve received the Lord Provost of Glasgow's award for Outstanding Public Service.

References

Engineers from Glasgow
Scottish civil engineers
Scottish urban planners
1910 births
1995 deaths
Fellows of the Royal Incorporation of Architects in Scotland
Scottish mountain climbers
Scottish poets
Fellows of the Royal Scottish Geographical Society
Presidents of the Saltire Society


title: RMS Alaunia (1925)

text:
RMS Alaunia was an ocean liner built for the Cunard Line during the 1920s which served primarily on the Canadian route. She was requisitioned by the British Royal Navy during the Second World War and ultimately scrapped in 1957.

Background
Alaunia was built by John Brown & Company in Scotland to augment the transatlantic passenger fleet of the Cunard Line. The ship entered service in July 1925 and was primarily employed on the Canadian route running from Southampton to Quebec and Montreal during the warm weather months and Halifax during the winter. She was one of a number of so-called intermediate liners built with fuel economy in mind. Designed with a single stack and straight stem bow with four passenger decks, the ship was propelled by two screws powered by four double reduction geared steam turbine engines that gave her a service speed of fifteen knots. Safety features included twelve watertight compartments divided by eleven bulkheads and twenty-eight lifeboats.

Service
In August 1939 Alaunia was taken over by the Royal Navy for service as a troop transport and served in this capacity until 1944 when she was sold to the Royal Navy and refitted as a base repair ship at Gibraltar. Alaunia  was sold for scrap to the British Iron & Steel Corporation and subsequently broken up at Blyth, England in 1957.

References

External links
 Cabin Liners: Cunard's "A"-Class Liners 1924

1925 ships
Ships built on the River Clyde
Ships of the Cunard Line
Steamships of the United Kingdom
Troop ships of the Royal Navy
World War II Auxiliary cruisers of the Royal Navy


title: Dusicyon cultridens

text:
Dusicyon cultridens or Dusicyon patagonicus cultridens  is an extinct canid species in the genus Dusicyon. However, the classification of this species is poorly researched and debatable. Some scientists place this species in the genera Canis and Lycalopex.

Distribution
Dusicyon cultridens is only known from fossil remains in Argentina. It lived in the Late Pliocene (Uquian in the SALMA classification), from approximately 2.8 to 2.6 million years ago. It was around at about the same time as the rodent Akodon lorenzinii. The fossils were found at cliffs near the Atlantic Ocean, in what is now the coastline of the province of Buenos Aires.

Habitat and characteristics
Dusicyon cultridens lived in the South American temperate grasslands (pampas). Its size was between that of existing species such as the pampas fox and South American gray fox.

References

External links
 Ramirez, M. A., Prevosti, F. J.: "Systematic revision of "Canis" ensenadensis Ameghino, 1888 (Carnivora, Canidae) and the description of a new specimen from the Pleistocene of Argentina", Ameghiniana 2014, vol. 51(1), pp. 37–51. URL last retrieved 2018-08-11.

Dusicyon
Pliocene mammals of South America
Uquian
Neogene Argentina
Fossils of Argentina
Fossil taxa described in 1880
Taxa named by Florentino Ameghino


title: Greased Lightnin' (song)

text:
"Greased Lightnin'" is a song from the 1971 musical Grease which was also adapted into the 1978 film Grease. A soundtrack recording from the film version, with John Travolta on lead vocals, peaked at No. 47 on the Billboard Hot 100 in 1978.

Synopsis
Kenickie, a member of the greaser gang at the center of the musical, has purchased a used car with the savings from his summer job, giving it the nickname "Greased Lightnin'." While the other greasers are skeptical of the car because it is in such poor shape, he is able to win them over with a rousing rock and roll number describing the modifications needed to transform it into a hot rod capable of arousing the ladies. The lyrics portray Kenickie (in the film, Danny) as more of a dreamer or even poseur than a real gearhead because some of the features he describes are mutually exclusive with others: a car with an "automatic ... Hydramatic" transmission therefore could not have "a four speed on the floor" i.e. manual transmission, and "four-barrel quads" are carburetors inconsistent with true "Fuel injection cut off". (In the film, despite the contradictions in the lyrics, the greasers along with a shop teacher succeed in rebuilding the car into racing condition.) Both the musical and the film imply that at least some of the parts Kenickie uses are stolen.

In the original recording, as was in the case with the stage musical on which it was based, several unairable profanities of a sexual nature are peppered throughout the lyrics, which deterred a number of stations from playing the song and possibly prevented it from reaching the top 40 in the United States. It was one of the few songs from the original Chicago-centric version of Grease to transition, uncut, from Chicago to Broadway and to film. Jim Jacobs later released a revised set of lyrics suitable for school performances that remove the sexual references (this "clean" version was also used in Fox's live television production of Grease), and most televised edits of the film cut the offending lyrics.

In the original musical, the song is Kenickie's featured number, with the other greasers serving as his backup singers. The film expands upon the car's purpose. Whereas the stage musical gives no particular reason for Kenickie's desire to build the car (which does not play a major factor in the play beyond that point), the film explains that the greasers' rivals, named the Scorpions in the film, had challenged them to a quarter-mile drag race, requiring them to have a competitive car for the duel. With Danny at the helm (and a reprise of "Greased Lightnin'" playing in the background), Greased Lightnin' wins the race. The film is also notable for having Danny (played by John Travolta, who had already had top-40 hits before Grease) sing lead on the song, while Kenickie (Jeff Conaway) contributed with a few call-and-response lines.

In keeping with the musical's tendency to use styles of music popular in the late 1950s, the song "Greased Lightnin'" is in a slightly modified twelve-bar blues form, and is inspired by the 1959 single "White Lightning" by the Big Bopper.

Record World said that "the beat is 50s perfect."

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Critical reception
STL Today described the song as "a number saluting a hot rod and all the joy it promises".

Other recordings
In the film version of Grease, the song was recorded by John Travolta.  An earlier version was recorded in 1972 by The Wild Angels. The song was covered by Lance Ellington in the animated film Planet 51. Irish pop band Westlife had a recorded cover of the song in 2003. The song was parodied by David Flora and Dave Stecco of the Blurry Photos podcast as the opening of their Thunderbirds episode, which they admitted was unlicensed.

References

1971 songs
1978 singles
American rock-and-roll songs
John Travolta songs
Songs about cars
Songs from Grease (musical)
Songs from Grease (film)
Songs written by Jim Jacobs
Songs written by Warren Casey
Obscenity controversies in music


title: Sandy (Grease song)

text:
"Sandy" is a song from the 1978 film Grease, written by Louis St. Louis and Screamin' Scott Simon (of Sha Na Na), and performed by John Travolta, in character as Danny Zuko. It was released as a single in several countries, giving Travolta a no. 2 hit in the UK.

Synopsis
"Sandy" was one of the songs written specifically for the film that was not in the original musical, which instead had a song named "Alone at a Drive-In Movie" at that point in the story. (Beginning with the 2003 stage production, some productions of the musical now use "Sandy" as it was in the film.) The song is a lament from Danny, a member of the T-Birds gang, who has been abandoned at the drive-in movie after making sexual advances towards his girlfriend, Sandy, in his car. He wishes to see her at their school, but the pressure of being a member of the T-Birds has apparently made it impossible to maintain their relationship. He holds out hope that some day, after high school, the two can eventually reunite without those pressures. It was described by Variety as "Danny's lovesick ode to his wholesome chick".

The song, being St. Louis's and Simon's only direct songwriting contribution to the film, uses a somewhat anachronistic style, and is performed in the manner of a late 1970s ballad with a rhythm section, string and piano accompaniment. Sha Na Na had declined an approach to perform in an off-Broadway production of Grease, but were again approached when the film was being made, and agreed. Olivia Newton-John had brought songs to the film written by her writing producer John Farrar, prompting Travolta to request a song of his own, so St. Louis and Simon wrote "Sandy" as a result, only a week before the scene in which it was performed was filmed.

Single
"Sandy" was released as a single in the United Kingdom in 1978 by Midsong International/Polydor (the record label to which Travolta had been signed as a solo artist, as opposed to RSO Records, who released the Grease soundtrack album). In the UK, the single reached number 2 on the UK Singles Chart, spending 15 weeks on the chart. It was kept off the top spot by another single from the Grease soundtrack, "Summer Nights".

The B-side of the UK single was "Can't Let You Go" on some UK releases, and "Rainbows" on others. It was also released as a single in many other European countries, Australia, Japan, and Peru, with several different B-sides, including "All Strung Out On You", "Can't Let You Go", and in the US as the B-side to "Greased Lightnin'".

Charts

References

1978 singles
1978 songs
Irish Singles Chart number-one singles
John Travolta songs
Song recordings produced by John Farrar
Songs about fictional female characters
Songs from Grease (film)


title: Chinese Representative Council

text:
The Chinese Representative Council was a council consisting of leading local Chinese and Eurasian community leaders established by Japan during the Japanese occupation of Hong Kong.

Background
After British Governor of Hong Kong Mark Aitchison Young surrendered to Japan after the Battle of Hong Kong on 25 December 1941, Hong Kong fell under the Japanese military occupation for 3 years and 8 months.

To consolidate their rule, the Japanese military tried to recruit the same local community leaders who had worked for the British. In January 1942, two weeks after the British surrender, Lieutenant General Takashi Sakai invited some 130 leading Chinese and Eurasian leaders to a formal luncheon at the Peninsula Hotel in Kowloon. In the meeting, Saikai stressed that the Chinese and Japanese should work together for the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere.

In late January 1942, Lieutenant General Isogai Rensuke became the governor of the occupied territory. He established two councils for managing the local Chinese population, the Chinese Representative Council and Chinese Cooperative Council.

Composition

The Chinese Representative Council and the Chinese Cooperative Council were established on 30 March, replacing the Rehabilitation Advisory Committee. The Japanese appointed Lo Kuk-wo (Robert Kotewall), former member of the Executive Council and the Legislative Council in the pre-war period, to be the chairman of the Chinese Representative Council, which consisted of three and from April 1942 four members when Chan Lim-pak was added.

The other members included:
 Chairman: Lo Kuk-wo (Robert Kotewall)
 Lau Tit-shing, manager of the Communications Bank and chairman of the Chinese Bankers' Association
 Li Tse-fong, manager of the Bank of East Asia and former unofficial member of the Legislative Council
 Chan Lim-pak, former comprador of the Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation in Canton

The members of the Council included Lau Tit-shing, manager of the Communications Bank and chairman of the Chinese Bankers' Association. Lau was the president of the Chinese-Japanese Returned-Students Associations and was very pro-Japanese. When he died in April 1945, he was honoured by the Japanese governor. Chan Lim-pak, former comprador of the Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation in Canton, had been arrested by the British during the Japanese invasion on charges of defeatist talk and aiding the enemy. However, the other leaders collaborated with the Japanese mostly with reluctance and misgiving as a matter of physical survival.

The Chinese Representative Council also selected 22 members from the leading professionals to the Chinese Cooperative Council.

History
The Chinese Representative Council met daily to discuss issues but was not entrusted with any real power. All the council could do was to make suggestions and try to persuade the government to accept it. It was also responsible for raising the East Asia Construction Fund for the relief of the starving.

In November 1942, Chan Lim-pak announced on behalf of the council that the Japanese were considering allowing a business syndicate to run a "pleasure resort" centre, which meant brothels, in Shamshuipo.

In January 1943, Chan Lim-pak, Lau Tin-shing and Lo Kuk-wo made explicit public statements in support of the declaration of war against the United States and the United Kingdom by the Reorganized National Government of China, the puppet regime presided over by Wang Ching-wei.

By 1944, when the Japanese was losing the war, the local leaders began to avoid their duties on the council. Kotewall and Li Tse-fong also withdrew from public life for health reasons.

Aftermath
After the surrender of Japan, Robert Kotewell, chairman of the Chinese Representative Council testified in the war crimes trials. Although he was not seen as a traitor, as he was advised by three of the senior members of the Hong Kong British government, R. A. C. North, Grenville Alabaster and J. A. Fraser to cooperate with the Japanese to the extent that the interest of the local Chinese might be safeguarded before the occupation, Kotewell and Li Tse-fong, who held many posts before the war including the Legislative Council never won reappointment of any public positions after the war.

References

1942 establishments in the Japanese colonial empire
1945 disestablishments in China
Japanese occupation of Hong Kong
Organisations based in Hong Kong


title: 2014 Winston-Salem Open

text:
The 2014 Winston-Salem Open was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 46th edition of the Winston-Salem Open (as successor to previous tournaments in New Haven and Long Island), and was part of the ATP World Tour 250 Series of the 2014 ATP World Tour. It took place at the Wake Forest University in Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States, from August 17 through August 23, 2014. It was the last event on the 2014 US Open Series before the 2014 US Open.

Singles main-draw entrants

Seeds

 Rankings are as of August 11, 2014

Other entrants
The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:
  Kevin Anderson
  Robby Ginepri
  Ryan Harrison
  Noah Rubin

The following players received entry from the qualifying draw:
  Damir Džumhur
  Marcos Giron
  David Goffin
  Wayne Odesnik

Withdrawals
Before the tournament
  Ivan Dodig
  Alejandro Falla
  Teymuraz Gabashvili
  Santiago Giraldo
  Vasek Pospisil
  Jack Sock
  Dmitry Tursunov
  Jiří Veselý

During the tournament
  John Isner (ankle injury)

Retirements
  Ryan Harrison

Doubles main-draw entrants

Seeds

 Rankings are as of August 11, 2014

Other entrants
The following pairs received wildcards into the doubles main draw:
  Jürgen Melzer /  Lukáš Rosol
  Nicholas Monroe /  Donald Young

The following pair used a protected ranking to gain entry into the doubles main draw:
  Colin Fleming /  Ross Hutchins

The following pair received entry as alternates:
  Florin Mergea /  João Sousa

Withdrawals
Before the tournament
  Dominic Inglot (abdominal injury)

Retirements
  David Marrero (back injury)

Champions

Singles

 Lukáš Rosol def.  Jerzy Janowicz, 3–6, 7–6(7–3), 7–5

Doubles

 Juan Sebastián Cabal /  Robert Farah def.  Jamie Murray /  John Peers, 6–3, 6–4

References

External links
Official website

2014 ATP World Tour
2014 US Open Series
2014 in American tennis
August 2014 sports events in the United States
2014


title: Singapore national badminton team

text:
The Singapore national badminton team is a badminton team that represents Singapore in international badminton competitions. The national team is organised by the Singapore Badminton Association (SBA), the top governing body for badminton in the country.

Competitive record

Junior competitive record

World Junior Team Championships

Suhandinata Cup

Asian Junior Team Championships

Mixed team

Players

Current squad

Male players
Loh Kean Yew
Terry Hee Yong Kai
Loh Kean Hean
Jason Teh
Joel Koh
Andy Kwek
Wesley Koh
Junsuke Kubo
Lim Shun Tian

Female players
Yeo Jia Min
Tan Wei Han
Jin Yujia
Crystal Wong
Jaslyn Hooi
Insyirah Khan
Megan Lee Xinyi
Grace Chua
Lim Zhi Rui Bernice
Sarah Tan Teng Jean
 Kimberly Tan Teng Hwee

Notes

References

Badminton
National badminton teams
Badminton in Singapore


title: Willy Monty

text:
Willy Monty (11 October 1939 – 9 November 2014) was a Belgian racing cyclist. He competed in the team time trial at the 1960 Summer Olympics. Monty won a stage in the Dauphiné Libéré in 1964 and two stages in the Volta a Catalunya in 1965.

References

External links

1939 births
2014 deaths
Belgian male cyclists
Olympic cyclists for Belgium
Cyclists at the 1960 Summer Olympics
Cyclists from Hainaut (province)
People from Seneffe
20th-century Belgian people


title: Ruhr Open

text:
The Ruhr Open was a minor-ranking snooker tournament, which was part of the Players Tour Championship. The tournament was staged from 2013 to 2015 at the RWE-Sporthalle in Mülheim, Germany. Rory McLeod was the final champion.

Winners

See also
 2010 Ruhr Championship

References

Recurring sporting events established in 2013
2013 establishments in Germany
Players Tour Championship
Snooker minor-ranking tournaments
Snooker competitions in Germany
Sport in Mülheim


title: Harvey High School

text:
Harvey High School may refer to:

 Harvey High School, in Harvey Station, New Brunswick
 Thomas W. Harvey High School, in Painesville, Ohio
 Harvey Milk High School, in East Village, Manhattan
 Harvey Senior High School, in Harvey, Western Australia


title: 2014–15 Lombard-Pápa TFC season

text:
The 2014–15 season will be Lombard-Pápa TFC's 8th competitive season, 6th consecutive season in the OTP Bank Liga and 19th year in existence as a football club.

First team squad

Transfers

Summer

In:

Out:

List of Hungarian football transfers summer 2014

Statistics

Appearances and goals
Last updated on 6 December 2014.

|-
|colspan="14"|Youth players:

|-
|colspan="14"|Players no longer at the club:
|}

Top scorers
Includes all competitive matches. The list is sorted by shirt number when total goals are equal.

Last updated on 6 December 2014

Disciplinary record
Includes all competitive matches. Players with 1 card or more included only.

Last updated on 6 December 2014

Overall
{|class="wikitable"
|-
|Games played || 24 (17 OTP Bank Liga, 1 Hungarian Cup and 6 Hungarian League Cup)
|-
|Games won || 5 (3 OTP Bank Liga, 0 Hungarian Cup and 2 Hungarian League Cup)
|-
|Games drawn || 6 (5 OTP Bank Liga, 0 Hungarian Cup and 1 Hungarian League Cup)
|-
|Games lost || 13 (9 OTP Bank Liga, 1 Hungarian Cup and 3 Hungarian League Cup)
|-
|Goals scored || 13
|-
|Goals conceded || 38
|-
|Goal difference || -25
|-
|Yellow cards || 54
|-
|Red cards || 3
|-
|rowspan="2"|Worst discipline ||  Tamás Nagy (7 , 0 )
|-
|  Marián Sluka (7 , 0 )
|-
|rowspan="1"|Best result || 2–0 (H) v Siófok - Ligakupa - 07-10-2014
|-
|rowspan="1"|Worst result || 0–5 (A) v Videoton - OTP Bank Liga - 29-11-2014
|-
|rowspan="2"|Most appearances ||  Bernardo Frizoni (21 appearances)
|-
|  Milan Bogunović (21 appearances)
|-
|rowspan="1"|Top scorer ||  Saša Popin (3 goals)
|-
|Points || 21/72 (30.44%)
|-

Nemzeti Bajnokság I

Matches

Classification

Results summary

Results by round

Hungarian Cup

League Cup

Group stage

References

External links
 Eufo
 Official Website
 UEFA
 fixtures and results

Pápai FC seasons
Hungarian football clubs 2014–15 season


title: Vinod Prakash Sharma

text:
Vinod Prakash Sharma (6 April 1938 – 9 October 2015) was an Indian malariologist and entomologist, known for his work in vector biology and bioenvironmental control of malaria. Recipient of many awards, including the Padma Shri, he was again honoured by the Government of India, in 2014, by bestowing on him the third highest civilian award, the Padma Bhushan.

Biography

Vinod Prakash Sharma was born on 6 April 1938 in Prayagraj, in Uttar Pradesh, India. After early education locally, he joined Allahabad University from where he secured MSc in 1960 and DPhil in 1964. In 1965, he left to South Bend, Indiana, USA and joined the University of Notre Dame as a post doctoral research associate, but later, shifted to Purdue University, USA. Sharma returned to India in 1968 and joined Allahabad University, again, to complete his DSc which he promptly did in 1979.

Sharma, lived in Vasant Kunj, New Delhi and took care of his duties as the Distinguished Professor at the Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi.

Career

Sharma started his career at the Forest Research Institute, in the high altitude area of Dehradun, as a Pool Officer, in 1969. A year later, he joined the World Health Organization sponsored Indian Council of Medical Research project as a Senior Scientist on genetic control of Culicine mosquitoes, in 1970, where he worked till 1975. The next move was to the Vector Control Research Centre and Malaria Research Unit, in 1976, as the deputy director, for a 2-year stint there. In 1978, he joined the Malaria Research Centre, New Delhi as its deputy director.

During his stint at the Malaria Research Centre, he started working on the upgradation of the centre and, as a result, the centre was upgraded by the Government of India, renaming it as the National Institute of Malaria Research, in 1982. Sharma was made its first director, a post from where he retired, in 1998, as Additional Director-General of Indian Council of Medical Research.

On his retirement from the government service, the Indian Council of Medical Research recognised Sharma's services by making him the Meghnad Saha Distinguished Fellow of the National Academy of Sciences (India) at the Centre for Rural Development and Technology, IIT Delhi.

He is also leading the Safe Water campaign initiated by National Academy of Sciences, India

Major achievements

Sharma has been credited with many scientific and research achievements. His studies on the chemo and radio sterilisation of male mosquitoes are well documented. He is credited with developing a new technique for sex separation of mosquitoes. He has also worked extensively on the bioenvironmental malaria control which led to many innovations in the subject. He is also acknowledged for his contributions to vector biology.

Sharma is known to have developed the Malaria Research Unit, New Delhi into a full-fledged Research Centre, the National Institute of Malaria Research (NIMR). He has also contributed to the popularisation of science, through his books, journals and education programs.

Positions held
Vinod Prakash Sharma has held many positions of importance, by way of recognition and those of responsibility, throughout his career.
 Fellow of Royal Asiatic Society
 Fellow of the National Academy of Medical Sciences,
 Fellow of National Academy of Sciences (India), Allahabad
 Fellow of Indian Academy of Sciences, Bangalore
 Fellow of Entomology Society of India, New Delhi
 Fellow of National Environmental Science Academy, New Delhi
 Fellow of Indian Society for Parasitology
 Fellow of Indian Society of Malaria and other communicable diseases
 Honorary Fellow – Indian Academy of Environmental Sciences, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh
 Honorary Fellow – Indian Academy of Environmental Sciences, Hardwar
 Fellow – Zoological Society of India
 President of National Academy of Vector borne Diseases
 President of National Academy of Sciences (India), Allahabad
 President of Indian Society for Parasitology
 Council Member – International Congress of Entomology
 board member – Malaria Foundation Incorporated
 Governing Council Member – ICMR
 Member – WHO Expert Committee on Malaria

Awards and recognitions

 Padma Bhushan – 2014
 Gujar Mal Modi Award – 2013
 Meghnad Saha Distinguished Fellowship
 Padma Shri – 1992
 WHO Darling Foundation Prize – 1999
 GI Inventions Award
 Chancellor's Prize
 M. O. T. Aiyengar Award
 B. R. Ambedkar Centenary Award – 2000
 Om Prakash Bhasin Award – 1985
 Ranbaxy Award – 1990
 M. L. Gupta Trust Award
 FICCI Cash Award – 1998
 Vaswik Award
 Green Scientist Award – 2001
 Best Scientist Award
 G. P. Chatterjee Memorial Award
 Dr. R. V. Rajaram Oration Award
 Dr. U. S. Srivastava Memorial Lecture Award
 Professor L. S. Ramaswami Memorial Oration Award
 Life Time Achievement Award by the Indian Society of Malaria and other communicable diseases
 B. N. Singh Oration Award
 B. K. Srivastava Oration Award
 Distinguished Parasitologist – World Parasitologist Federation (WPF) – 2010
 Gold Medal lifetime Achievement Award – Indian Academy of Environmental Sciences – 2012

Works
Sharma was the Chief Editor of an important journal, the Journal of Parasitic Diseases, which was active in dissemination of knowledge by publishing reviews and research papers on a regular basis. He was also the Chief Editor of the in-house journal of the National Academy of Sciences, India.

He has also published many books on the subjects of bioenvironmental control and vector biology, both in English and Hindi languages.

Books in English

Books in Hindi

Apart from the books, Sharma has written over 300 research papers in various national and international journals.

External links
 Reference on Nirdeshak
 GM Modi Science Foundation Award report
 Lecture at Jawaharlal Nehru University

References

1938 births
2015 deaths
Recipients of the Padma Bhushan in science & engineering
People from Prayagraj district
Malariologists
20th-century Indian biologists
Indian medical writers
Recipients of the Padma Shri in science & engineering
Fellows of the Indian Academy of Sciences
Fellows of the National Academy of Medical Sciences
Scientists from Uttar Pradesh
Indian parasitologists
Indian medical researchers
The Darling Foundation Prize laureates


title: John Nangle, 16th Baron of Navan

text:
John Nangle, 16th Baron of Navan (died 1517) was an Irish nobleman and  military  commander of the early Tudor era. He was renowned in his own lifetime as a courageous soldier, who fought with distinction at the Battle of Knockdoe in 1504.

Family

He was the son of Thomas Nangle, 15th Baron of Navan: his mother was Ismay Welles, daughter of Sir William Welles, Lord Chancellor of Ireland, and his wife Anne Barnewall. The Nangle (originally named de Angulo) family had come to Ireland around 1172 and became substantial landowners in County Meath, although it has been said that most of them played a "curiously obscure" role in Irish history. The Baron of Navan was a feudal baron: that is, he was entitled to style himself a Baron but he was not a peer and did not have the right to sit in the Irish House of Lords, although the title was in practice hereditary. His father Thomas, then a child, succeeded his much older brother Barnaby, who was killed in a skirmish at Barlaston in 1435. In 1452 he paid the usual fine on attaining his majority and entering on his lands. The date of Thomas's death is uncertain, but John had succeeded to the title by 1487.

Lambert Simnel

Like almost all of the Anglo-Irish nobility, Lord Navan appears to have followed without question the policies pursued by Gerald FitzGerald, 8th Earl of Kildare, who dominated Irish political life between the late 1470s and his death in 1513. Along with nearly all the Irish peers, Lord Navan joined with Kildare in 1487 in declaring that the pretender Lambert Simnel was the rightful King of England. Simnel was crowned in Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin and invaded England with a largely Irish army, but was crushed at the Battle of Stoke Field in June 1487. The victorious King Henry VII showed remarkable clemency to his enemies by pardoning almost all of the surviving rebels, including Navan, as well as Simnel himself, who was given a job in the royal household. In 1488 the English official Sir Richard Edgcumbe accepted Navan's pledge of homage and fealty to King Henry.

 Lambert Simnel in Ireland.

Battle of Knockdoe

Lord Navan remained a loyal supporter of the Earl of Kildare and fought under his command against the Burkes of Clanricarde at the Battle of Knockdoe in 1504. Navan was highly praised for his courage in the fight. According to the account of the battle in the Book of Howth:

MacSweeney struck Great Darcy such a blow that he put Darcy on his knee: that Nangle, Baron of Navan, being a lusty gentleman, that day gave MacSweeney such payment that he was satisfied ever after.

"Great Darcy" was Sir William Darcy (died 1540), a trusted adviser to Kildare, and later a leading statesman in his own right: he is known to have been exceptionally tall. He was a relative of Navan through Navan's mother.

Marriage and issue

Navan died in 1517. A deed of 1518 refers to his widow as having remarried. She was Eleanor, daughter of Sir Thomas Dowdall of Newtown and Termonfeckin, County Louth; her second husband was William Preston, 2nd Viscount Gormanston. Their tomb in the Preston chapel at St. Patrick's Church, Stamullen, County  Meath, with their images carved in effigy, still exists, although the church itself has been in a ruinous condition since the seventeenth century. She and Navan had at least 3 children:

Thomas, 17th Baron of Navan (dead by 1543)
Elizabeth, who married Christopher Preston, who was a younger son of her stepfather Lord Gormanston by his first wife Anne Burnell, daughter of Sir Robert Burnell of Balgriffin and Margaret Holywood of Artane Castle
Amy, who married Thomas Fagan of Dublin.

References
Nangle, Frank A Short History of the Nangle Family 1986
Burke's Peerage 107th Edition Delaware 2003
Jones, Randolph A Remembrance roll from the former liberty of Meath rediscovered  2020
Lodge, John and Archdall, Mervyn Peerage of Ireland Dublin 1789
The Voyage of Sir Richard Edgcumbe into Ireland in 1488

15th-century Irish people
Nobility from County Meath
Irish soldiers
1517 deaths


title: Human (Masaharu Fukuyama album)

text:
Human is the eleventh studio album by Japanese singer-songwriter Masaharu Fukuyama. It was released on April 2, 2014 through Universal Music Japan. The cover jacket of the album is the image of Fukuyama's brain as seen on an MRI scan. The album reached number 1 on the Oricon albums chart and has been certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of Japan (RIAJ).

The single's artwork was one of the fifty works entered into the shortlist for the 2015 Music Jacket Award committee.

Track listing

Disc 1

Prelude
Human

246
Cherry

Disc 2

Fighting Pose

Around the World
Beautiful Life
Game

Get the Groove

DVD (Limited Edition)
Human

Fighting Pose

Beautiful Life
Game

Get the Groove

References

2014 albums
Masaharu Fukuyama albums


title: Yvan Covent

text:
Yvan Covent (12 October 1940 – 19 November 2011) was a Belgian cyclist. He competed in the team time trial at the 1960 Summer Olympics.

References

External links

1940 births
2011 deaths
Belgian male cyclists
Olympic cyclists for Belgium
Cyclists at the 1960 Summer Olympics
Cyclists from East Flanders
People from Nazareth, Belgium


title: Rowing at the 1986 Asian Games

text:
For the Rowing competition at the 1986 Asian Games in Misari Regatta, South Korea, men's and women's singles, doubles, and fours competed from September 22 to September 25.

Medalists

Men

Women

Medal table

References
 New Straits Times, September 26, 1986

External links
 Olympic Council of Asia

1986 Asian Games events
1986
Asian Games
1986 Asian Games