title: Scott Routenberg

text:
Scott Routenberg (born 1978) is an American composer, jazz pianist, arranger and orchestrator. Currently Associate Professor of Jazz Piano at Ball State University in Muncie, Indiana, he has published both full-length compositions for jazz ensembles and several studio albums. His 2003, 2006, and 2020 releases "explore jazz-influenced electro-acoustic hybrids." He has won a number of songwriting contests, including the John Lennon Songwriting Contest Maxell Song of the Year in 2004 for his song "Bandwidth", which also won the JLSC's Grand Prize in the Jazz Category.

Ensembles such as the Metropole Orkest and conductors such as Vince Mendoza have commissioned pieces by Routenberg, and he has performed at international venues such as the Montreaux Jazz Festival and the North Sea Jazz Festival. Stated jazz violinist Christian Howes, "Scott Routenberg is a rare musician with both the experience to play modern jazz piano on the highest level and the discipline to write elegant, long-form symphonic pieces."

Early life, education
Routenberg was born in Atlanta, Georgia in 1978. Raised by his parents in Atlanta, he has some ancestry from Western Ukraine. Routenberg began learning jazz piano at age fifteen after being inspired by his uncle, a vocalist and pianist. Among Routenberg's first jazz piano teachers was the Brazilian bossa nova pianist and bandleader Manfredo Fest. Routenberg attended the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill starting in 1997, graduating in 2001 with a B.A. in music and communications.

He went on to earn three graduate degrees from 2001 to 2008 at the University of Miami's Frost School of Music. First he worked on his master's degree in jazz piano performance from 2001 to 2003 in the studio of Vince Maggio (a student of pianist Oscar Peterson). Routenberg then earned a Master of Music in media writing and production in 2005, and a Doctor of Musical Arts in jazz composition in 2008.  His jazz piano teachers have included Ted Howe, Dr. Scott Warner, Chip Crawford, and Vince Maggio among others.  In Miami he studied composition and arranging with Gary Lindsay and Ron Miller. Lindsay was his doctoral advisor, while Routenberg has cited Miller's modal jazz concepts as an influence on his own songwriting. Miller has also taught guitarist Pat Metheny, among others.

His doctoral essay was titled Americana Suite: A Composition for Full Orchestra, Big Band, and Jazz Chamber Ensembles Inspired by American Master Paintings, and was published by the ProQuest Learning Company. He has also authored material for INform Magazine, published by the Indiana Music Educators Association.

Music career

2000-06: Solo albums
Shapeshifter (2000)
In 2000 Routenberg released his first solo album, the jazz-themed Shapeshifter. The album was "dedicated to the great Brazilian pianist Manfredo Fest, mentor and friend, who selflessly taught me the timeless art of jazz piano."

Lots of Pulp (2003)

His second solo album, Lots of Pulp, was independently released in 2003. Genres include jazz, classical, and electronic, and all tracks were written, arranged, produced, mixed and mastered by Routenberg, with co-writers on some tracks. With respect to instruments Routenberg contributed the found sound sampling, the drum machine, vocal percussion, keyboards, Fender Rhodes, and piano, with guest artists such as Billy Contreras on violin and Patrick Lopez on trumpet. According to The Island Packet in 2004, in Lots of Pulp Routenberg "utilizes hundreds of effects that punctuate his original songs, such as the liquid sound of orange juice being poured into a glass."

"Bandwidth" and Jazztronicus (2006)
In 2004 he won the John Lennon Songwriting Contest Maxell Song of the Year for his song "Bandwidth", which had a programmed drum part hybridized with big band and electronica. It was the first time the award was given to a jazz songwriter. The song also won the JLSC's Grand Prize in the Jazz Category. In the summer of that year he was a Composer Scholar at the Henry Mancini Institute in Los Angeles, studying with composers Vince Mendoza and Jack Smalley.

"Bandwidth" was released as a single by EMI Records in 2005, and later included on Routenberg's full album Jazztronicus. Jazztronicus was released in 2006, and most of the tracks were written and arranged by Routenberg. All the tracks were published by Denmaster Music, excluding "Bandwidth", which had already been published by EMI April Music. Routenberg handled keyboards and programming, with Billy Contreras again on violin and Sofia Kraevska on vocals and co-writing several songs. Spanning both the genres of jazz and electronica, a digital version was released in 2010.

2000-07: First awards
Since releasing his first solo album in 2000 he has won or been nominated for a number of awards; for example, he won ASCAP Young Jazz Composer Awards in 2002, 2003, and 2006. In 2003 he won first place in instrumental performance in piano for the Hilton Head Jazz Society Scholarship, and the next year he won The ASCAP Foundation Grant Program for his song "Through Your Eyes." In 2006 he won in the Downbeat Student Music Awards for "The Dove", and in the 2006 Thelonious Monk International Jazz Piano Competition he was one of the top 18 pianists. After having participated in the Television and Film Scoring Workshop with Richard Bellis in 2007, he was awarded the ASCAP Foundation David Rose Scholarship. Also in 2007 he was the Composition Winner in the University of Miami Concerto Competition for his Concerto for Jazz Violin and Orchestra.

2000-22: Composing and performing

He was the fifth composer commissioned as part of the First Music series by the New York Youth Symphony, with his composition New York Night premiering in 2007 at Lincoln Center in New York City.  New York Night is a single movement of an extended composition entitled Americana Suite.

His orchestral pops arrangements have been commissioned by the Muncie Symphony Orchestra and Michael Krajewski of the Atlanta Symphony Orchestra, among other conductors and ensembles. His jazz arrangements have been commissioned and performed by composer Vince Mendoza, during Mendoza's tenure as chief conductor of the Metropole Orkest. Other commissioners include pianist Howard Levy of Béla Fleck and the Flecktones and Singapore jazz pianist and big band leader Jeremy Monteiro, among others. Since 2011 Routenberg has been an arranger for the Metropole Orkest in the Netherlands. His orchestral pops arrangements have been performed by American symphony orchestras including those of Atlanta, Houston, Baltimore, Indianapolis, Phoenix, Orlando and Naples. World premieres include Ukraine, the Netherlands, and China, and his music has been premiered in Carnegie Hall, Lincoln Center, the Concertgebouw in Amsterdam, and the Fox Newman Scoring Stage in Los Angeles.

One of his more popular orchestral works is his Concerto for Jazz Violin and Orchestra. It premiered in Lviv, Ukraine on June 21, 2014, by American jazz violinist Christian Howes, on invitation from the U.S. Embassy in Kiev as part of a "cultural diplomacy mission."  U.S. Embassy Cultural Attache Andrew Paul was quoted saying at the concert that "the piece is groundbreaking with the use of improvised violin solos."

In 2016 Routenberg was chosen as the recipient of the second annual ASCAP Foundation/Symphonic Jazz Orchestra Commissioning Prize, which honors the legacy of George Duke.

As a jazz pianist Routenberg has performed at international venues such as the Montreaux Jazz Festival, Jazz à Vienne, and the North Sea Jazz Festival, and he has performed with musicians such as Howard Levy and Billy Contreras. He often performs live with a rotating lineup of musicians.

Scott Routenberg Trio
Routenberg has released two jazz piano trio albums on Summit Records with bassist Nick Tucker and drummer Cassius Goens III—Every End is a Beginning (2017) and Supermoon (2018).

Routenberg is associate professor of Jazz Piano at Ball State University School of Music in Muncie, Indiana, where he teaches a variety of performance, theory, and history classes.

Style

Routenberg is known to utilize the genres of jazz, classical, electronica, and big band, among others. His 2003, 2006, and 2020 albums "explore jazz-influenced electro-acoustic hybrids."

He has stated that influences on his work in jazz piano include Oscar Peterson, Bill Evans, Chick Corea, Herbie Hancock, and Benny Green. Stated Routenberg's collaborator and jazz violinist Christian Howes, "Scott Routenberg is a rare musician with both the experience to play modern jazz piano on the highest level and the discipline to write elegant, long-form symphonic pieces."

Personal life
Routenberg currently lives in Muncie, Indiana. He is married to Sofia Kraevska. From Lviv, Ukraine, Kraevska also earned her doctorate in composition from the University of Miami and is a pianist and composer as well.

Discography

Albums

Singles

Compositions

Awards and nominations

Further reading
Scott Routenberg at Allmusic
Scott Routenberg Composition List

See also
List of jazz pianists
List of jazz arrangers

References

External links

ScottRoutenberg.com
Scott Routenberg at Ball State University

Living people
1978 births
Musicians from Atlanta
American jazz composers
American male jazz composers
Summit Records artists


title: Paul Woolley (economist)

text:
Paul Kerrison Woolley (born 9 November 1939) is a British economist. He was educated at King Edward's School, Birmingham, and obtained a D. Phil from the University of York. Woolley worked for the fund management firm GMO, retiring as Chairman of GMO Europe in 2006. He then founded the Paul Woolley Centre for the Study of Capital Market Dysfunctionality at the London School of Economics in 2007.

References

Living people
1939 births
Alumni of the University of York
Academics of the London School of Economics
British economists
People educated at King Edward's School, Birmingham


title: Hurricane Genevieve (2014)

text:
Hurricane Genevieve, also referred to as Typhoon Genevieve, was the first tropical cyclone to track across all three northern Pacific basins since Hurricane Dora in 1999. Genevieve developed from a tropical wave into the eighth tropical storm of the 2014 Pacific hurricane season well east-southeast of Hawaii on July 25. However, increased vertical wind shear caused it to weaken into a tropical depression by the following day and degenerate into a remnant low on July 28. Late on July 29, the system regenerated into a tropical depression, but it weakened into a remnant low again on July 31, owing to vertical wind shear and dry air.

The remnants redeveloped into a tropical depression and briefly became a tropical storm south of Hawaii on August 2, yet it weakened back into a tropical depression soon afterwards. Late on August 5, Genevieve re-intensified into a tropical storm, and intensified into a Category 1 hurricane on the next day when undergoing rapid deepening because of favorable conditions. Early on August 7, Genevieve strengthened into a Category 4 hurricane, shortly before it crossed the International Date Line and was reclassified as a typhoon, also becoming the thirteenth named storm of the 2014 Pacific typhoon season. Late on the same day, Genevieve reached peak intensity while it was located west-southwest of Wake Island.

Typhoon Genevieve started to gradually weaken at noon on August 8, and stronger vertical wind shear provided by a TUTT cell began to weaken the system further on August 9. The typhoon crossed 30° north at noon on August 10 and weakened to a severe tropical storm soon afterwards, because of unfavorable sea surface temperature and expanding subsidence. Genevieve weakened into a tropical storm on August 11 and a tropical depression the following day, as its deep convection diminished. On August 13, the system turned northeastward, before degenerating into a post-tropical cyclone on August 14, with the JMA reporting the system to have dissipated. However, the Ocean Prediction Center (OPC) tracked Genevieve's remnants for another day, which crossed over the International Date Line again, until they were absorbed by another extratropical cyclone on August 15.

Meteorological history

Origin and regeneration

The National Hurricane Center (NHC) began to monitor a tropical wave associated with a few showers and thunderstorms, moving westward off the coast of northern Central America on July 17. Four days later, thunderstorm activity became more concentrated; by July 22, the area of low-pressure became better organized. On July 23, the NHC noted that the system could become a tropical depression within the next two days; however, they also noted that wind shear could increase within a couple of days. Following an increase of deep convection developing near the center as well as the collection of ASCAT data showing an area of tropical storm-force winds, the NHC upgraded the system to Tropical Storm Genevieve on July 25. Shortly thereafter, the system attained its initial peak intensity of .

Shortly afterward, increased wind shear took its toll on the system, causing Genevieve to lose its organization as it continued westward, under the influence of a subtropical ridge and the Intertropical Convergence Zone. After the low-level center of circulation was exposed and became separated from the deep convection, the NHC subsequently downgraded it to a tropical depression on July 26. Although deep convection increased near the center early on the next day, Genevieve continued to battle westerly shear when crossing 140°W, moving into the waters monitored by the Central Pacific Hurricane Center (CPHC). Due to the lack of deep convection, the CPHC indicated that Genevieve had become a remnant low early on July 28, as only a low-level cloud swirl remained. However, the CPHC noted the possibility of re-development since shear was forecast to decrease.

Roughly 36 hours later, the remnants of Genevieve regenerated into a tropical depression to the southeast of the main Hawaiian Islands. The system briefly became better organized on July 30, prompting the CPHC to forecast the storm would re-intensify into a tropical storm. However, by the end of the day, the low-level circulation center had become displaced to the east of the deep convection due to increased southeasterly shear and infiltration of dry air. By 21:00 UTC July 31, the CPHC reported that Genevieve had once again degenerated to a remnant low, as only an isolated area of deep convection remained west of the center.

Intensification and peak intensity
The remnants of Genevieve continued to travel in a generally westward direction, moving into an environment more conducive for tropical cyclogenesis, and on the afternoon of August 2, Genevieve regenerated into a tropical depression, as the storm reacquired deep convection and its upper-level outflow pattern improved. By 21:00 UTC the same day, Genevieve reacquired tropical storm intensity, continuing to travel westward around the subtropical ridge to its north, but only six hours later, the CPHC downgraded Genevieve into a tropical depression. Deep convection near the center waxed and waned several times, but Genevieve failed to re-intensify. After moving west-southwest, Genevieve turned west-northwest on August 4 as it continued to track around the ridge to its north.

Despite moderate wind shear, convection soon wrapped around the southeastern side of the low-level circulation.  By 21:00 UTC on August 5, the CPHC upgraded the system to a tropical storm, despite continued wind shear. Wind shear quickly decreased, triggering a period of rapid intensification. By the afternoon of August 6, Genevieve intensified to a low-end Category 1 hurricane; the system also developed a central dense overcast and well-organized banding around the newly-developed eye. Traversing over very warm sea surface temperatures, the intensification rate accelerated that evening. Based on advanced Dvorak technique estimates of  as well as the presence of a very well-defined eye surrounded by very cold cloud tops, the CPHC upgraded the hurricane into Category 3 intensity on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale early on the next day.

Genevieve crossed the International Date Line at 06:00 UTC on August 7, entering the area of responsibility of the RSMC Tokyo operated by the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA). Thus, the JMA immediately recognized Genevieve as a typhoon with ten-minute maximum sustained winds at . The Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) also upgraded Genevieve to a super typhoon, based on the compact and symmetric ring of uniform convection embedded with a  eye, as well as excellent poleward outflow into the strong tropical upper tropospheric trough (TUTT) positioned to the north and northeast. Only six hours later, the JTWC reported that Genevieve had reached Category 5 status with one-minute sustained winds at , when a microwave imagery revealed a  diameter eyewall with a convective band over the south quadrant. As Genevieve continued to remain in a favorable environment with radial outflow and low vertical wind shear, the JMA indicated that the typhoon about  east-southeast of Wake Island had reached its peak intensity late on August 7, with ten-minute maximum sustained winds at .

Demise
During the morning of August 8, Genevieve started to track northward along the western periphery of a deep-layered subtropical ridge positioned to the east and northeast. Although the typhoon remained compact at noon, more fragmented deep convective banding revealed that Genevieve had begun a weakening trend. As the result, the JTWC downgraded Genevieve to a typhoon late on the same day, due to warmer convection surrounding the system. Early on August 9, Genevieve accelerated north-northeastward, and it began to encounter increasing vertical wind shear of  with subsidence along the western periphery and weakening outflow into the TUTT. Therefore, the eye of the typhoon became cloud-filled, while the deepest convection around the core was also becoming warmer. The system began to track north-northwestward in the afternoon, when the cold dense overcast has decreased in size and become less symmetric.

Genevieve reformed a  eye with more symmetric and organized convection for short time early on August 10, but the eye disappeared very soon as the system elongated more. Upper-level analysis indicated a complex environment— an anticyclone located to the southeast, a TUTT cell to the west, and a second anticyclone to the north. The TUTT cell and the first anticyclone caused strong upper-level southwestern flow and moderate vertical wind shear over the system, but the issues were offset by the quick speed of the typhoon. Tracking northwestward, Genevieve crossed 30°N at noon and began to encounter unfavorable sea surface temperatures less than . At the same time, a digging trough was expanding the region of subsidence which isolated the core from the tropical moisture along the equatorward periphery. Later, deep convection along the tightly-wrapped low-level circulation center of the typhoon rapidly diminished as dry air surrounded the system.

Late on August 10, the JMA downgraded Genevieve to a severe tropical storm about  west-northwest of Midway Atoll, and the JTWC downgraded it to a tropical storm early on the next day. Dry air, cool ocean temperatures and a rapid weakening of the linkage to tropical moisture made deep convection over the storm almost completely dissipate. This process was hastened by the disintegration of the TUTT cell which had helped to enhance equatorward outflow. Under the combination of many unfavorable
environmental factors, the JMA downgraded the rapidly weakening system to a tropical storm, when it started to move west-northwestward and slowed down at noon. Owing to diminished convection associated with a weak low-level circulation center, the JTWC issued its final warning and downgraded Genevieve to a tropical depression late on the same day.

After the JMA downgraded Genevieve to a tropical depression at 06:00 UTC on August 12, the system drifted westward and then northwestward very slowly until it accelerated northeastward late on August 13. The JMA reported that Genevieve had dissipated as a tropical depression before noon on August 14; however, the Ocean Prediction Center indicated that this post-tropical cyclone crossed the International Date Line and entered the Central North Pacific Ocean again late on the same day. The remnants of Genevieve were eventually absorbed by another extratropical cyclone before noon on August 15.

See also

 Other tropical cyclones named Genevieve
 Hurricane John (1994)
 Hurricane Dora (1999)
 Hurricane Jimena (2003)
 Hurricane Ioke (2006)
 Hurricane Hector (2018)
 Hurricane Dora (2023)

References

External links

NHC Advisory Archive of Hurricane Genevieve
CPHC Product Archive of Hurricane Genevieve
JMA General Information of Typhoon Genevieve (1413) from Digital Typhoon
JMA Best Track Data of Typhoon Genevieve (1413)
07E.GENEVIEVE from the U.S. Fleet Numerical Meteorology and Oceanography Center

2014 Pacific hurricane season
2014 Pacific typhoon season
Typhoons
Category 3 Pacific hurricanes

Genevieve


title: Paul Woolley

text:
Paul Woolley may refer to:

Paul Woolley (economist) (born 1939), British economist
Paul Woolley (historian) (1902–1984), American professor of Church history
Paul Woolley (physician), American physician specializing in internal medicine and Clinical Professor of Medicine


title: Cut 4 Me

text:
Cut 4 Me is the debut mixtape by American singer and songwriter Kelela. It was released on October 1, 2013, by Fade to Mind for free download on SoundCloud. Seeking to make the mixtape sound like a remix album, Kelela sang over instrumental tracks by producers from the Fade to Mind and Night Slugs record labels, whose sound has been described as "one of the most distinctive sounds in UK dance music, a mutable hybrid of grime, house, electro, R&B, techno, hip hop, and dubstep."

A deluxe edition featuring a new interlude and eight new remixes by the Fade to Mind and Night Slugs producers was released on April 6, 2015 on CD, vinyl a, and digital download.

Composition
Time Out London characterized the mixtape as "future R&B." Similarly, The Guardian described it as "twisted R&B," adding that "the songs are twisted both sonically – warping 90s R&B melodies with club beats – and emotionally, thanks to her ability to undercut mainstream pop tropes like love and seduction with such dark devotion you get the sense she's singing from a bush outside her ex-boyfriend's house." The New York Times compared Kelela to Aaliyah, while calling the mixtape "bubbly club music of the early 1990s." Exclaim! called the mixtape is "a credible cohesion of '90s house-ish sounds and soul." Times Douglas Wolk noted that the mixtape "is built on the half-time beats and unsettling negative-space arrangements of the "bass music" collectives Night Slugs and Fade to Mind. It's forbidding stuff, but it meshes with the sweet '90s R&B inflections of Kelela's singing." The Line of Best Fit stated that the mixtape "pushed R&B to its limits by injecting it with UK bass, grime and techno." AllMusic said the mixtape is "predominantly electronic and progressive R&B."

Critical reception

At Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from critics, the mixtape received an average score of 81, based on 6 reviews, indicating "universal acclaim". Fact stated that "there is nothing about Cut 4 Me that doesn't challenge the listener's expectations of what R&B can be in 2013 and beyond." Given their "Best New Music" label, Pitchfork said the mixtape "is an ambitiously catchy record as well as being an aesthetically ambitious one." CMJ said the mixtape is a collection "of flawlessly crafted R&B pop gems, squeezed dry of any sonic excess that tends to signal uncertainty." Calling the mixtape "excellent", The Guardian said, "across 13 tracks Kelela travels from angered to paranoid, horny to high. She will sound fine, then terrible, then merely quite unhappy until finally, for a while at least, she sounds at peace," adding that "the next 12 months are undoubtedly going to be awash with a similar structure of falsettos, surreal beats and eerie minimalism. But let's not forget: Kelela's Cut 4 Me did it first, and almost certainly did it best." Spin said "there's been no shortage of hazily hi-tech R&B over the past couple of years, but none of it sounds as eerie or as ominous as Kelela's does. The music is full of hulking, square-wave bass lines, digital chimes, desiccated claps, and jagged rhythms; synth leads waver queasily around their target pitch, and open-fifth harmonies suggest a faintly Asian air." AllMusic said "Kelela fulfills her desire to make what resembles a remix album," but added that unlike most remix albums, "there's never any sense of a disconnect between the music and the vocals. Kelela's expressive and athletic voice easily slithers between and coasts over the beats."

Accolades

Track listing

Release history

References

External links

2013 mixtape albums
Debut mixtape albums
Kelela albums
Compilation albums by American artists
Contemporary R&B compilation albums
Electronic compilation albums
Albums produced by Jam City


title: 1930 Rangoon riots

text:
The 1930 Rangoon riots were a pair of race riots between Indian dockworkers and Burman labourers. The first broke out on 26 May near the Rangoon docks. It spread to nearby districts with high Indian populations and resulted in over one hundred killed and about one thousand injured. The second, a prison riot, began on 24 June in Rangoon Central Jail, where the staff was predominantly Indian and the inmates overwhelmingly Burman. The riots were overshadowed by the Saya San rebellion that erupted in December that year.

In early May 1930—in the midst of the Great Depression—Indian dockworkers in Rangoon went on strike for increased wages. Burman labourers were brought in to break the strike, but the port became congested. An agreement was reached with the Indians to raise their wages, whereupon the Burmans were dismissed. As they returned to work the Indians jeered the outgoing Burmans and violence ensued. For days Burman mobs, often composed of toughs imported from other neighbourhoods, roamed about for Indians, who barricaded themselves in their homes and, in one case, in the local lunatic asylum. Order was only restored when the Rangoon garrison, the Cameron Highlanders, was sent in. According to British colonial government sources, roughly 120 people of Indian origin were killed and more than 900 were injured. However, more recent analyses estimate that more than 200 were killed and 2,000 injured. The majority of all killed and wounded was Indian.

The riot in the jail was a lesser mirror image of the dockyard riots. The Indian prison staff killed, mainly by gunshot, 34 inmates (out of 2,000) and injured 60 others.

Notes

References

History of Myanmar
Race riots
1930 riots
Indian diaspora in Myanmar
May 1930 events
June 1930 events
20th century in Yangon
1930 in Burma


title: Generation Yes (Scotland)

text:
Generation Yes was a political organisation established to campaign for a yes vote amongst young voters in the referendum on Scottish Independence. It was established in January 2014 with an official launch two months later.

History
Generation Yes was founded by Rhiannon Spear and Kirsten Thornton in January 2014. Its main mission was to ensure that the arguments for voting yes in the referendum on Scottish Independence reach young voters, especially newly enfranchised 16- and 17-year-olds.

A launch event was held in Glasgow on 29 March 2014. The organisation registered with the Electoral Commission on 8 May 2014.

Following the referendum
A poll taken after the 2014 referendum showed 71% of teenagers had voted yes. Despite defeat, activists stated that they were proud of the campaign they had led and announced that they intended to continue as a group aiming to engage with and educate young people in politics.

References

External links
 The Guardian article

2014 Scottish independence referendum
Scottish nationalist organisations


title: Bonny B.

text:
Bonny B. (born Su Pheaktra Bonnyface Chanmongkhon, July 20, 1974, Cambodia) is a Cambodian-Swiss blues musician and harmonica player.

Early life
In 1978, his family fled Cambodia, pursued by the Khmer Rouge, and took refuge in the jungle near the Thai border. After three days and three nights running, with no food, they finally found safety in Thailand. In 1979, with the help of Catholic sisters, the family arrived in Fribourg, Switzerland, and asked for political asylum. He started school in 1980 and fought to be accepted and to find a place in the community.

From 1988 to 1991, when he was in high school, he started to like the harmonica and country music: "this time I copied and listened to many country CDs." The school organized a day of entertainment and "hired two bluesmen including one playing the harmonica and the blues came like that. My first CDs were by John Lee Hooker and Muddy Waters and Little Walter, Jimmy Reed, Otis Rush, and all the old black bluesmen of the 50s." He left school and from 1992 to 1995 trained in making pastries and candy, an activity that allowed him to support himself, but music was playing an increasingly important role in his life.

Career
In 1992 he formed his first band, Bonny B. and Spirit of the Blues. They played their first gig two months after they met. Then followed Born to Blues in 1994, the Bonny B. Blues Band in 1996 and  the Bonny B. Band in 1998. On the side, he also played in a duo with his brother Michael on guitar. He was also engaged as a sideman with Tom Cat Blake, JC Little and Kevin Flynn, among others. With these various formations, he played 50 to 100 concerts a year in Switzerland and abroad.

In 1994 he opened a school for harmonica and singing. In May 1998, Bonny decided to go to Chicago in search of the blues: "I had to travel there as a pilgrimage." Speaking almost no English, he jammed with Louisiana Red, Buddy Guy, Jimmy Johnson, Kenny Neal, John Primer and Bernard Allison at clubs such as the legendary Blue Chicago, Buddy Guy's Legend and Koko Taylor's. Short of money, he played in bars and on the streets of Chicago to pay for his return ticket.

Albums and concerts
In 1999, Bonny decided to record an album. He teamed up with his old friend, drummer Sal Lombardo, and guitarist Laurent Poget. This collaboration resulted in the album Cambodia, released in Switzerland in March 2000. In March 2001, he released the album Something's Wrong in Europe on Dixiefrog. It is also found in several blues compilations (notably Levis, Blues 2002 compilation). In 2002, he worked with several American artists, including Vic Pitts, Michael J. Robinson, Jesse James King, Sugar Blue, Mark Woodward, Napoleon Washington. In March 2003, he released his second album, If This Is Life, and signed with Universal Music and its sponsor Hohner Harmonica. "We told him that he is one of the best harmonica players and singers from Switzerland. Bonny B. has no equal to breathe the warmth of blues concerts in Switzerland or abroad."

By October 2004, Bonny B. was performing 120 concerts per year. He signed his 1000th contract and traveled throughout Switzerland. In the spring of 2005, he released his third album, I Got the Blues, on the Dixiefrog label and Hard Board. In 2005, he released his debut album Something's Wrong in the U.S. and Canada with the Dixiefrog label. Claude Nobs discovered the last album by Bonny B. and asked him to play at the Montreux Jazz Festival with Alice Cooper. On the side, he decided to explore the blues in public schools and colleges throughout western Switzerland, as part of educational concerts on the history and evolution of the blues. In 2006, he planned to open a school in Cambodia for underprivileged children, financed by the sale of his latest album and concert support.

During his "James Brown Tour" in 2007 (when he was nicknamed the Asian James Brown by the press), he called himself Bonny B. Brown, in honor of one of its masters.

Other achievements
Construction of the school in Cambodia began in November 2007. He has garnered support from his concerts in the sum of 35 000 Swiss francs to complete the project.

In 2008, Bonny B. was hired by Hohner Harmonica as manager of harmonica workshops in all its music stores in Switzerland. He formed his first gospel choir, the IRF-Gospel Singers and organized gospel singing on Stage Giez. Bonny B. was hired as a teacher at the harmonica blues school ETM in Geneva .

On February 28, 2009, on a bet, he became the only harmonica player in the world to play the harmonica for 24 hours nonstop (a Guinness World Record), to raise money for his school in Cambodia. Also in 2009, the first Bonny B. Blues Club opened in Fribourg, where he organized blues concerts with American artists.

His second blues club, the Rock Bottom Blues & Jazz Club, opened in Giez in 2010, in collaboration with Fabienne Decker. In March 2010, Bonny B. recorded his eighth album, which was produced in collaboration with Bob Margolin. He created a blues festival in Giez, held on September 10–12 of that year.

In 2011, he toured with the first edition of the Blues Legend Tour, with Finis Tasby, Bob Margolin, Dave Riley and Bob Stroger. He also released the album Bonny B. Live at Blues Club Fribourg.

References

External links
Official website
"Interview de Bonny B. (Bluesman)".  Khmer-Network, 17 June 2005.
Guinness Book of Records, 2009

1974 births
Living people
Cambodian musicians
Harmonica players
20th-century Cambodian male singers
21st-century Cambodian male singers


title: The Craigslist Killer (film)

text:
The Craigslist Killer , also stylized as the//craigslist.killer in some promotional images, is a 2011 American crime drama television film directed by Stephen Kay, written by Donald Martin and Stephen Tolkin, and starring Jake McDorman, Agnes Bruckner, Kevin Kilner, and William Baldwin. It follows the dark, mysterious life of murderer Philip Markoff.

The film aired on Lifetime and is an adaptation of the true crime book A Date with Death: The Secret Life of the Accused "Craigslist Killer", written by Michele McPhee.

Plot
Philip Markoff (McDorman) prepares for a promising future as a doctor and a life of happiness with his fiancée, Megan McAllister (Bruckner). Seemingly destined for greatness as one of Boston University’s brightest medical students, Markoff could do no wrong in the eyes of Megan, his friends, fellow students, and professors. But hidden from those close to him was the violent wrath only he and his victims knew — beginning with his April 14, 2009 murder of Julissa Brisman, a masseuse who advertised her services on Craigslist. When police discover that the brutal killing and a number of other attacks on women were all connected to advertisements placed on Craigslist, their investigation ultimately leads them to Markoff. Investigating the case are detectives Bennett (Baldwin) and Frye (Close).

Cast

Production
The film adapts the book A Date with Death: The Secret Life of the Accused "Craigslist Killer", written by Michele McPhee. Stephen K. Kay was brought on to direct the film, based on a script written by Donald Martin and Stephen Tolkin. Development on the film began prior to the death of Philip Markoff, who was believed to have been responsible for several robberies and murders.

Of the film, executive producer Judith Verno noted that they did not speak to Markoff's ex-fiancée Megan McAllister but that they "tried to be very respectful of that fact that she loved him and that she had no knowledge of his crimes" and that what the network found compelling were the questions "What attracted us to the story (was the idea of), how well do you really know someone?...When you are looking at a person who on the surface has so much going for them, trying to understand why they would do these kinds of things and then knowing we might never know”.

Release
The Craigslist Killer premiered on January 3, 2011 on Lifetime. Ratings numbers for the film were high, securing 5.4 million viewers. This made it Lifetime's top film in the adults 25-54 demographic in a two year span, which was surpassed by the network's release of Drew Peterson: Untouchable the following year. The film was later described as one of the network's "top-five true-crime offerings" in 2018.

Reception
Reviews for The Craigslist Killer have been negative. Much of the criticism focused on the lack of information or insight for the murders, which outlets such as The New York Times felt was a result of Markoff's death before any explanations for the crimes could be obtained. The Repository reviewed The Craigslist Killer, which they felt was "every bit as sleazy as you’d expect." Neil Genzlinger of The New York Times criticized the filmmakers for the use of "cheesy sound effects" used to "signal his switch from perfect-man mode to psychopath."

Horror website HorrorNews.net was more favorable, praising the movie for its pacing and noting that they enjoyed it more than other Lifetime movies they had watched. Since the film's release in 2011 USA Today and Flavorwire have both included the film on their lists of "Top 10 Lifetime movies that we love to hate-watch" and "The 35 Campiest TV Movies Ever Made", respectively.

References

External links

2011 television films
2011 films
2011 crime drama films
Crime films based on actual events
Lifetime (TV network) films
Films set in 2009
Films with screenplays by Stephen Tolkin
American crime drama films
Drama films based on actual events
2010s English-language films
Films directed by Stephen Kay
2010s American films


title: Paul Ramsey (musician)

text:
Paul Ramsey (born January 24, 1966) is an American rock drummer. He is a founding member of the progressive rock quintet echolyn.

Biography
Paul Ramsey is a drummer and percussionist born in Cheltenham, Pennsylvania. He has over 25 years experience performing and collaborating with various artists throughout the United States, Europe, and Canada. Ramsey is an experienced studio musician appearing on a variety of artists' works. Artists and engineers that have collaborated with Ramsey include T-Bone Wolk, Pete Moshay, Kevin Killen, Paul Bryan, Robert Hazard, Mike Mills, Jerry Marotta, Glenn Rosenstein, and Francis Dunnery.

Ramsey is a founding member of the progressive rock band echolyn. He was a member of New Jersey based folk rock band, Grey Eye Glances. Grey Eye Glances was signed to Mercury Records and was cited in 1997's Billboard Magazine's "Weekly Coverage for Hot Prospects for Prospects for Heatseekers Chart" for its innovative approach to touring utilizing Borders Books to reach new potential audiences. He is also a former member of the North Wales, PA alternative grunge rock band Winston’s Dog.

Influences
Ramsey has a variety of drumming and musical artist influences. He is drawn to innovative, tasteful, song-centric players who provide appropriate parts for the music. Phil Collins, John Bonham, Gary Husband, Mitch Mitchell, and Vinnie Colaiuta are among his top influences in this vein.

Equipment
Ramsey primarily plays a Pearl Masters Series kit (1994), Zildjian cymbals and Remo drumheads. For variety, he often adds unique "trash" elements to the kit such as 16” unmatched high hats or china cymbals. In the studio, Ramsey also plays on a Ludwig maple John Bonham-style kit featuring 26x14 bass drum.

Technique
Ramsey plays traditional grip as well as American match grip.

Discography

As Member

With echolyn
Echolyn (1991)
Suffocating the Bloom (1992)
...and every blossom (1993)
As the World (1995)
When the Sweet Turns Sour (1996)
To Cry You a Song: A Collection of Tull Tales (contribution) (1996)
Cowboy Poems Free (2000)
A Little Nonsense (Now and Then) (2002) (box set)
Mei (2002)
Progfest '94 (the Official Bootleg) (2002) (released for trading among fans)
Jersey Tomato, Volume 2 (Live at the Metlar-Bodine Museum) (2004)
Stars and Gardens, Volume 4 DVD (2004)
The End Is Beautiful (2005)
After the Storm: A Benefit Album for the Survivors of Hurricane Katrina (contribution) (2006)
echolyn (2012)
I Heard You Listening (2014)

With Grey Eye Glances

 Eventide, 1997
 One Day Soon, 1998
 Painted Pictures, 1998
 Grey Eye Glances 1992-98, 1999
 Grey Eye Glances 1998-99, 1999
 Grey Eye Glances Live Double CD, 1999
 If I Was, 2000 - 6 song EP
 A Little Voodoo, 2002
 Grey Eye Glances Live, 2003

With Francis Dunnery
There's a Whole New World Out There (Aquarian Nation, 2009)
Louder than Usual- DVD (Aquarian Nation/Flying Spot Entertainment, 2010)

With The Syn
Big Sky (Alliance Records, 2009)

With Mike Mills
Jesus Christ by Big Star for the Red Apple Foundation (2005)

With Brett Kull
Orangish, Blue (2002)
Last of the Curlews (2008)

With Still/Always Almost
God Pounds His Nails (1997)
Always Almost (1997)

With Ray Weston
This is My Halo (2003)

With Bob Dreher
A Once Upon a Time (2010)
Ch. 2, Finger Talk (2011)
Frohe, Weihnachten!, Schittervul! (2012)
Inside Out (2013)

With Lindsay McKay
Timeless (2012)

With Tiras Buck
The Guided Half Life (2014)

As touring drummer

With echolyn
1991-2016

With Grey Eye Glances
1997–2011

With Francis Dunnery
Tall Blond Helicopter Tour (2009)
There's a Whole New World Out There Tour (2010)
CKDCF Fundraising Event (2009, 2010, 2012)

With Scott Radway
Former Ghost Tour (2013)

References

External links
 Official website
 Echolyn
 Brett Kull Producer/Engineer

1966 births
Living people
American jazz drummers
American rock drummers
Jazz fusion drummers
Progressive rock drummers
Musicians from Philadelphia
20th-century American drummers
American male drummers
Jazz musicians from Pennsylvania
20th-century American male musicians
American male jazz musicians


title: Zheela

text:
Zheela (), July 15, 1943 – June 28, 2009) was an Afghan singer.

Early life

Zheela () was born in Kabul, Afghanistan to Sardar Mohammed Kabir Khan, a banker.  When she was five years old, her mother died.  Zheela had three sisters, one of whom, Sara, married the Afghan singer Ustad Jalil Zaland.   Zheela developed an interest in singing at a young age, and by her teen years, was singing at family events.  She completed eighth grade at Zarghona Middle School at which point she was pressed to become a singer at the encouragement of her social circle who had attended her performances.

Career

Zheela entered the Afghan music industry at that age of 14.  With the support of her brother-in-law Ustad Jalil Zaland and the encouragement of Afghan singer Parveen, who had noticed the teen perform in family events, Zheela started her career under the mentorship of Ustad Khyal who trained the singer for five years in various musical instruments.  She also received some assistance from Ustad Shayda, the man who suggested she adopt the professional name Zheela after attending her first concert.

In addition to her solo work, Zheela also had collaborations on her songs, often in the form of duets with such singers as Ahmad Zahir, Jalil Zaland, and Ustad Khyal.  But her most notable collaboration came in 1964 when she sang a duet with Mohammed Rafi, India's most prolific singer at the time.  Their song became hugely popular on Kabul Radio as this was the first time that an Indian singer sang in Persian. In 1973, Zheela performed in the musical play “رفیقان بی وفا” that brought her some notability as an actress.

Later life

Due to the political situation, Zheela left Afghanistan in the early 1980s.  She initially traveled with her family to Karachi, Pakistan, and after staying there 13 months, she immigrated to US state of California in 1982.  After this time, her involvement in the Afghan music scene was limited but ongoing.  From 1983 to 2001 Zheela's professional career was marked by performances in concerts in the United States and Canada, often in collaboration with other Afghan singers.  In 2001, she officially retired from singing.

Works

Zheela has 482 certified radio songs and 13 songs for the television.  In 1996, Zheela's music was copyrighted with the Library of Congress
Some of her solos:
Tu Omide Man,
On ke Ze Dar Merasad,
Dar In Mahfil,
Qarya,
Yaar e Paiman Shikan,
Amadayee Dair Baad,
To Baa Bahar Bia,
Dar e Dil ra Ba Roye Ghair Bastam,
Nala Makun,
Yarem Az Dar,
Baaz Dar Manzil e Man,
Sabza Zamarudeen

References

External links

1943 births
2009 deaths
Afghan musicians
People from Kabul
Afghan Tajik people
Afghan women singers
Persian-language singers
20th-century Afghan women singers


title: Manhattan, Indiana

text:
Manhattan is an unincorporated community in central Washington Township, Putnam County, in the U.S. state of Indiana.

History
Manhattan was laid out in 1829 when the National Road was extended to that point. The community was named after Manhattan, in New York. A post office was established at Manhattan in 1830, and remained in operation until it was discontinued in 1905.

Geography
Manhattan lies on U.S. Route 40, approximately six miles southwest of the city of Greencastle.

References

Unincorporated communities in Putnam County, Indiana
Unincorporated communities in Indiana


title: Rheeya Doshi

text:
Rheeya Doshi (; born 24 April 1996) is a female former tennis player Singapore.

Playing for Singapore Fed Cup team, she has a win/loss record of 4–7.

Doshi attended Northwestern University from 2014 to 2019, having signed with the Wildcats tennis team in2013.

Representing Northwestern, Doshi holds a win/loss record of 63–52 in singles and 80–44 in doubles.

Fed Cup participation

Singles

Doubles

References

External links

1996 births
Living people
Singaporean sportspeople of Indian descent
Northwestern Wildcats women's tennis players
Singaporean expatriates in the United States
Singaporean female tennis players


title: Evaldas Jocys

text:
Evaldas Jocys (born 25 May 1975 in Plungė, Lithuanian SSR) is a former Lithuanian professional basketball player. He last played for his hometown team Olimpas Plungė.

College career
Jocys played in the NCAA Division I's East Carolina Pirates for two seasons. In his sophomore year, he led the team with 13.8 points, 6.2 rebounds and 2.1 assists per game. He also played for Western Nebraska Community College and earned NJCAA 1st Team All-American award in 1998.

Professional career
Jocys started his professional career in 1993 with Olimpas Plungė. He left the team four years later and studied in America for a couple of years before returning to Europe. He played for various teams in Israel, Germany and Belgium, most notably for Hapoel Galil Elyon participating in Saporta Cup. He averaged 4.8 assists per game despite being a 2.03 m (6 ft 8 in) big man in that tournament.

Youth team
Jocys won a gold medal in the 1996 FIBA Europe Under-22 Championship while representing Lithuania. He also participated in the 1997 FIBA Under-21 World Championship, finishing in 8th place.

Personal life
Jocys's niece is Justė Jocytė, a Lithuanian women's basketball phenom. His brother played college basketball in the United States.

References

1975 births
Living people
East Carolina Pirates men's basketball players
Eisbären Bremerhaven players
Hapoel Galil Elyon players
Lithuanian men's basketball players
Lithuanian expatriate basketball people in the United States
Sportspeople from Plungė
Western Nebraska Cougars men's basketball players
Power forwards (basketball)


title: World Minifootball Federation

text:
The World Minifootball Federation (WMF) is highest global authority for 6-a-side, with 5 a-side, 7 a-side, 8 a-side, and arena soccer disciplines version of minifootball (also called arena soccer). WMF exists to promote, supervise and direct minifootball growth. Its members are worldwide national minifootball teams and continental minifootball federations.

History
Minifootball leagues and other events are organized by WMF and its continental, national or local affiliates. The best teams from local leagues will advance to national championships. With the World Cup scheduled every two years, WMF also hosts the Continental Cup (top five nations of each federation), U23 World Cup, Women's World Cup and Champions Cup (top clubs of each federation), among other events.

In November 2013 it was announced that WMF World Cup would be hosted in the United States. United States defeated Mexico 5–3 in the 2015 Final.

The second edition of the WMF World Cup was played in Tunisia in October 2017.

Continental federations
Source:

 African Minifootball Federation (AMF)
 Asian Minifootball Confederation (AMC)
 European Minifootball Federation (EMF)
 Oceania Minifootball Federation (OMF)
 Panamerican Minifootball Federation (PAMF)

Competitions
 WMF World Cup
 WMF World Cup U21
 WMF Women’s World Cup
 WMF Continental Cup
 EMF EURO (European Minifootball Championship)
 EMF Champions League (European Minifootball Clubs Championship)
 African Minifootball Cup
 African Minifootball Champions League

Events
 2015 WMF World Cup, USA
 2017 WMF World Cup, Tunisia
 2018 WMF World Cup U21, Czech Republic
 2019 WMF World Cup, Australia
 2023 WMF World Cup, UAE

See also
 World Freestyle Football Association (WFFA)
 Federación Internacional de Fútbol Rápido (International Fast Football Federation (FIFRA))
 International Socca Federation (ISF)
 International Minifootball Federation (IMF)

References

External links
 Official WMF website

Minifootball organizations
International sports organizations
Sports organizations established in 2008


title: Psycho Tropical Berlin

text:
Psycho Tropical Berlin is the debut studio album by French band La Femme. It was released on April 8, 2013 under Barclay Records.

Track listing

Notes
 "Oh Baby Doll" is a cover of the 1957 song by Chuck Berry.

In popular culture
The track "Sur la planche" was used in a commercial for the Renault Captur.

The track "Sur la planche" was used in a french series Les Revenants, S01E03.

The track "Hypsoline" is featured as the ending credit song in the horror movie As Above, So Below.

The track "Si Un Jour" was used during the end credits for the Netflix series Lovesick.

The track "La Femme Ressort" was used during the short film "Crème Caramel"

The track "La Femme" was featured as the soundtrack of the Saint Laurent Paris Fall/Winter 2015/2016 Fashion show.

The track “It`s Time to Wake Up 2023” was used in the movie “Archive” from 2020

The track "La Femme Ressort" was used in Thai fantasy/mystery TV series Girl from Nowhere.

Critical reception

Psycho Tropical Berlin was met with generally positive reviews from critics. Writing for NME, Huw Nesbitt praised the album's versatility: "[Psycho Tropical Berlin] brings together influences of ’50s Americana, ’60s French pop and ’80s synthpop and coldwave quite marvellously." However, Newbitt also criticized the album for dwelling on these influences: "[The album's] constant rehashing of the past creates a dull Groundhog Day effect." In her review of the album for Drowned in Sound, Kat Waplington noted the albums fusions of surf pop and cold wave with "a general Halloween vibe." Walpington concluded by emphasizing the album's potential to appeal to non-French speakers: "Whether or not you can be bothered to translate the lyrics, their manic, rollercoaster pop and fierce hooks should be enough of a draw for the most Anglophone listener."

References

2013 debut albums
Barclay (record label) albums
La Femme albums


title: EMID1

text:
EMI domain containing protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EMID1 gene.

References

Further reading

Human proteins


title: Danube Flotilla

text:
The Danube Flotilla can refer to any of the following;

 Danube Flotilla (Austria-Hungary)
 Danube Flotilla (Czechoslovakia)
 Danube Flotilla (Hungary)
 Danube Flotilla (Romania)
 Danube Flotilla (Royal Navy)
 Danube Flotilla (Serbia)
 Danube Flotilla (Soviet Union)
 Danube Flotilla (Yugoslavia)


title: Michael D. Ercolino

text:
Michael Dominic Ercolino (May 17, 1906 – November 13, 1982) was an inventor and businessman. His parents were Carmine Antonio Fortunato Ercolino (February 8, 1882 - July 11, 1952) and Angelina Maria Pascale (1886 - July 6, 1930). Michael married Julia K. Florio (December 25, 1910 - June 1, 2005) on August 2, 1933 in Manhattan, New York City. They had 3 children, Angelina Ercolino (b. 1935), Carmine Charles Ercolino (b. May 1939) and Toni Ann Ercolino (b. April 1946).

Michael invented a homing device used by the United States in the D-Day Invasion and in West Africa during World War II. This device made it possible for paratroopers who landed behind enemy line to reorganize into homogeneous fighting units. Michael also invented the Conical V Beam TV Antenna, which was sold throughout the United States in the early 1940s, and which was responsible for making TV reception possible throughout the U.S. He founded Telrex Communications Engineering Laboratories, Inc. (located in Neptune Township, Monmouth County, New Jersey), which manufactured a line of communication antennas, heavy duty rotators, and heavy duty rotatable mono poles which were capable of holding a number of high frequency communication antennas used on the dew line in northern Canada, and sold throughout the world. Telrex communication systems were so cherished for their performance and durability, that a Telrex antenna system installed on the US Embassy in Saigon, Vietnam was removed after the US pulled out and reinstalled in Cambodia. Later the system was returned to the United States, and was installed in Washington DC.

Michael D. Ercolino and his wife Julia are both buried in Mount Calvary Cemetery (Neptune Township, Monmouth County, New Jersey).

References

1906 births
1982 deaths
20th-century American engineers
20th-century American inventors


title: Danube Flotilla (Soviet Union)

text:
The Danube Flotilla was a naval force of the Soviet Navy's Black Sea Fleet during World War II (in Russia, called the Great Patriotic War) and afterwards, existing 1940–1941 and 1944–1960. The Flotilla operated on the Danube River and also, at times, on other rivers connected to the Black Sea.

1940 flotilla
The Soviet occupation of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina in 1940 gave the Soviet Union a border on the Danube, so the first Danube Flotilla was constituted to help defend this border. It was based in Izmail and was formed of ships transferred from the Dnieper Flotilla. The new Danube Flotilla initially consisted of five monitors (armed with 102mm and 130mm guns), twenty two armored boats, five transports, and four launches, supported by an anti-aircraft battalion, fighter squadron, a naval infantry company, a machine gun company, and several shore batteries (two 152mm, one 130mm, one 75mm, and one 45mm gun batteries). Upon the start of the war the flotilla was reinforced by an additional another one shore battery (122mm A-19), in exchange for the transfer of the four launches to the Black Sea Fleet.

At the beginning of the Romanian–German invasion of the Soviet Union on June 22, 1941, the Flotilla cooperated with Red Army troops in the defense of the southern front. On June 24–25, 1941, the Flotilla participated in a counterattack crossing of the Danube onto the Romanian side. After this, the Flotilla supported troops trapped in bridgeheads, and as the Red Army withdrew to Odessa the Flotilla ferried troops across the Southern Bug and Dnieper Rivers.

The Flotilla was disbanded on November 21, 1941.

1944 flotilla
As the Red Army cleared Crimea and the Dniester River of German troops, the Danube Flotilla was re-constituted on the Dniester in April 1944 to assist further offensives.

The flotilla assisted the Red Army in operations including the clearing of the Dniester Estuary and the clearing of the Danube Delta, including both troop-carrying and gunfire support for landings at Prymorske and Vylkove on August 23–24, 1944, and at Kiliya on August 25.

As the Red Army moved upriver, the Danube Flotilla followed and participated in the Belgrade Offensive, the Budapest Offensive, and the Vienna Offensive. Flotilla operations included assisting in landings at Raduevats and Prahovo on September 29–30, 1944 (even well into the 21st century, the wrecks of about 200 vessels sunk by the Germans to block the landings remain in the Danube at Prahovo), at Smederevo on October 16, at Vukovar on December 8–10, at Gerjen on November 30–December 1, at Esztergom on March 19–23, 1945, and at Radwanska on March 28–30.

On April 13, 1945, as the Battle of Vienna was ending, the Flotilla landed troops in a surprise stroke at both ends of the Imperial Bridge in Vienna. This enabled the Red Army to cut the demolition cables and seize the bridge intact.

For its combat exploits, the 1st Guards Armored Boat Detachment (an element of the Danube Flotilla) was awarded the Order of Kutuzov 2nd Class. The Danube Flotilla was disbanded in 1960.

Flotilla Commanders
1940 Flotilla
Rear Admiral Nikolai Osipovich Abramov (July 1940 — September 1941) (Abramov went on to become an early commander of the postwar Polish Navy)
Rear Admiral Alexander Frolov (September 1940 — November 1941) (Frolov went on to become Chief of Staff of the Pacific Fleet during the short war against Japan)

1944 Flotilla
Vice Admiral Sergey Gorshkov (April 1944 — December 1944) (Gorshkov went on to become Commander in Chief of the Soviet Navy)
Vice Admiral Georgy Kholostyakov (December 1944 — 1948) (Kholostjakov went on to become Commander of the Soviet 7th Fleet)
Rear Admiral Serafim Chusin (1958 — 1951) (Chusin went on to become commander of the Black Sea Fleet)
Vice Admiral Vasily Tsipanovich (1952 – 1955)
Rear Admiral Alexander Uragan (1955 – 1956)
Rear Admiral Nikolai Bochkov (1956 – 1960)

Order of battle (June 1941)
In June 1941, the Flotilla consisted of five river monitors (the Udarny, Martynov, Rostovtsev, Zheleznyakov, and Žemčužin), 22 armored boats the BK type 1125, 7 trawlers, 6 poluglisserovs (very small patrol boats with a two-man crew), a minelayer (the Kolkhoznik (Collective Farm Worker)), a floating workshop (the DM–10), a hospital ship (the Soviet Bukovina), a sidewheeler tug, and 12 other assorted boats.

At this time, the standard armored boat in production, and forming part of the strength of the Danube Flotilla, was the BK type, which featured (depending on model) one (1125 class) or two (1124 class) tank turrets with  guns as main armament. The monitors were more powerful, though slower. The Udarny, a typical monitor, had two  guns (as well as four 4 45mm guns).

Attached to the Flotilla were the 96th Fighter Squadron, the 46th Independent Anti-Aircraft Artillery Battalion, the 17th Machine Gun Company, and an морской пехоты (Naval Infantry) company.

At the beginning of hostilities, six batteries of coastal artillery on the Danube were attached to the Flotilla, and a Maritime Border Guard Division of the NKVD with 30 boats was under the operational control of the Flotilla.

References

Naval units and formations of the Soviet Union
Military units and formations established in 1941
Military units and formations established in 1944
Military units and formations disestablished in 1960
Riverine warfare
Military units and formations of the Soviet Union in World War II


title: Obhur Creek

text:
Obhur Creek, or Sharm Abḥur (شرم ابحر, between latitude
21°42'11" and 21°45'24" and longitude 39°05'12" and
39°08'48"E) is a creek located on the eastern side of the Red Sea, near Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
The creek is a popular place for Red Sea marinas. The Jeddah Tower, a tower set to be the tallest building in the world at some point, will overlook the creek along with the Red Sea.

Characteristics
The creek has the following characteristics:

 High temperature
 Salinity
 Surface water consists of plankton

References

Rivers of Saudi Arabia
Geography of Jeddah


title: Neal Krause

text:
Neal Krause (born 1948) is Marshall H. Becker Collegiate Professor of Public Health at University of Michigan School of Public Health, in Ann Arbor, Michigan.

Biography & awards
Krause was born on December 15, 1948, in Mineola, New York.
Krause obtained a baccalaureate degree from the University of Oklahoma (BBA in marketing and management, 1971), a master's degree in sociology and psychology from Sam Houston State University (MA, 1974), and a doctorate in sociology (University of Akron and Kent State University, 1978).
From 1982 to 1986, Krause worked at the University of Texas Medical Branch as Research Associate, Research Instructor, and assistant professor.
In 1986 he joined the Department of Health Behavior and Health Education in the University of Michigan School of Public Health as associate professor, and in 2009 he became the Marshall H. Becker Collegiate Professor of Public Health.

In 2002 Krause was identified by the Institute for Scientific Information as one of the 250 most frequently cited social scientists in the 1981-1999 ISI Social Sciences Citation Index data base.

In 2010 Krause won the Richard Kalish Innovative Publication Award for his 2008 book, "Aging in the Church: How Social Relationships Affect Health".

References

External links

Faculty page for Neal Krause (University of Michigan School of Public Health)

1948 births
Living people
American social scientists
University of Michigan faculty
University of Oklahoma alumni
Sam Houston State University alumni
University of Nevada, Reno alumni
University of Akron alumni
Kent State University alumni


title: Redeemer of Souls Tour

text:
The Redeemer of Souls Tour was a worldwide concert tour by English heavy metal band, Judas Priest, which was in support of Redeemer of Souls. It was their first tour since the conclusion of the Epitaph World Tour in 2012, which was originally dubbed as a farewell tour; the band has since retracted that statement.

The 2016 live album, Battle Cry, was released on 25 March of that year, featuring the band's performance recorded at Wacken Open Air on 1 August 2015.

Production

Tour dates

Box office score data

Setlists
The tour featured material from Redeemer of Souls for the first time. It also coincided with the 30th anniversary of the release of Defenders of the Faith and so the band played a number of songs from that album that hadn't been played since the mid-1980s.

 "Dragonaut"
 "Metal Gods"
 "Devils Child"
 "Victim of Changes"
 "Halls of Valhalla"
 "Love Bites"
 "March of the Damned"
 "Turbo Lover"
 "Redeemer of Souls"
 "Beyond the Realms of Death"
 "Jawbreaker"
 "Breaking the Law"
 "Hell Bent for Leather"
 Encore 1
 "You've Got Another Thing Comin"
  Encore 2
 "Living After Midnight"
 "Defenders of the Faith"

 "Dragonaut"
 "Metal Gods"
 "Devils Child"
 "Victim of Changes"
 "Halls of Valhalla"
 "Love Bites"
 "March of the Damned"
 "Turbo Lover"
 "Redeemer of Souls"
 "Beyond the Realms of Death"
 "Jawbreaker"
 "Breaking the Law"
 "Hell Bent for Leather"
 Encore 1
 "The Hellion / Electric Eye"
 "You've Got Another Thing Comin"
  Encore 2
 "Painkiller"
 "Living After Midnight"

 "Dragonaut"
 "Metal Gods"
 "Devils Child"
 "Victim of Changes"
 "Halls of Valhalla"
 "Love Bites"
 "Redeemer of Souls"
 "Beyond the Realms of Death"
 "Jawbreaker"
 "Breaking the Law"
 "Hell Bent for Leather"
 Encore 1
 "The Hellion / Electric Eye"
 "You've Got Another Thing Comin"
  Encore 2
 "Painkiller"
 "Living After Midnight"

 "Dragonaut"
 "Metal Gods"
 "Desert Plains"
 "Victim of Changes"
 "Halls of Valhalla"
 "The Rage"
 "Turbo Lover"
 "Redeemer of Souls"
 "Beyond the Realms of Death"
 "Screaming For Vengeance"
 "Breaking the Law"
 "Hell Bent for Leather"
 Encore 1
 "The Hellion / Electric Eye"
 "You've Got Another Thing Comin"
 Encore 2
 "Painkiller"
 "Living After Midnight"

26 February 2015: "The Hellion/Electric Eye" and "Painkiller" were added for the further legs of the tour. Shortly they removed "Defender Of The Faith" from the set.
26 June 2015: "Love Bites" and "March Of The Damned" was removed from the set.
16 October 2015: "Desert Plains", "The Rage" and "Screaming for Vengeance" (not played since 1986) were added, "Devil's Child" and "Jawbreaker" were removed from the set.

Support

For the first American leg, Judas Priest choose glam rock band, Steel Panther, to play with them. Their guitar player, Russ Parrish, had previously worked with Rob Halford in the 1990s in the band Fight.

Other bands that supported Judas Priest include:
 Motörhead (5 May 2015 in Santiago, Chile);
 Def Leppard (2 June 2015 in Oslo, Norway);
 Five Finger Death Punch (8 dates in Europe – France, Finland, Luxembourg, Germany, Poland and Czech Republic);
 Accept (22 April 2015 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil);
 DragonForce (2 dates in Australia at February 2015);
 Michael Schenker's Temple Of Rock (6 dates in the United Kingdom, between November and December 2015);
 Saxon (4 dates in US in May 2015);
 Mastodon (12 dates in the US and Canada between October and November 2015);
 UFO (10 dates on the European Leg between 4 and 17 December 2015).
 Texas Hippie Coalition (14 May 2015 in Cedar Park, Texas, USA)

References

2014 concert tours
2015 concert tours
Judas Priest concert tours


title: 2014 Bank of the West Classic – Doubles

text:
Raquel Kops-Jones and Abigail Spears were the defending champions, but they lost to Paula Kania and Kateřina Siniaková in the semifinals.
Garbiñe Muguruza and Carla Suárez Navarro won the title, defeating Kania and Siniaková in the final, 6–2, 4–6, [10–5].

Seeds

Draw

Draw

External links
 Main draw

Bank of the West Classic - Doubles
2014 Doubles


title: Loved (video game)

text:
Loved is a browser-based platform video game developed by Alexander Ocias, an Australian graphic designer and artist. Written in Adobe Flash, the game was built over the course of about half a year in Ocias' spare time. Released online on 14 June 2010 onto various game hosting websites, it has garnered sizeable praise and scrutiny since its release, with critics finding the game to be thought-provoking while having poor controls.

Gameplay

A narrator first asks players, "are you a man, or a woman?" Players who select "man" are instead told they are a "girl". Similarly, players who select "woman" are called a "boy". Navigation is by arrow keys, which also control the ability to jump and duck. The narrator instructs players intermittently, sometimes to achieve goals but often to suggest actions that will kill the player character (such as falling into a pit full of spikes). Players are sometimes, but not always, congratulated when following these instructions, while disobeying the narrator results in a barrage of insults. Both the player character and environment are in stark black and white, with a colourful motif appearing if the character disobeys the narrator's instructions, or the visuals becoming more detailed but still in monochrome if the character decides to be compliant.

Development
Loved was built over the course of about half a year, transforming from the exploration genre to a mining- and building-based adventure game before settling on the platform genre. Ocias worked on the game intermittently in his spare time, using his "bit of self-taught programming knowledge" to code it. Although no libraries were used during development, Ocias expressed that he wished that he had during the end of production. Research was taken into achieving "certain little fiddly things," Ocias explained, such as generating the text elements and instructing Flash to read his tile maps.

According to Ocias, the main themes of Loved were of dominance and power, since to provide a fuller answer would "defy the point of the game". His intentions in making the game were to get people to think about the games they were playing—a direction he found much of the video game industry shying away from. The confrontational aspect of the game was motivated by two aspects: primarily to use "the resource of emotions" invoked by its risk and reward mechanic; and secondly to absorb the awareness of people online. Expanding upon his inspirations, Ocias cited individual games such as The Last Guardian and Deus Ex: Human Revolution, along with companies such as Thatgamecompany and Eidos Montréal, as showing "greater depth" to video games as well as experimentation and research. Ocias ultimately stated that while he dislikes "force-feeding" players, he would try to take a different approach both mechanically and thematically for his next game.

Release and reception

Loved was published as freeware onto Newgrounds and Kongregate, as well as Ocias's official website, on 14 June 2010. Since its release, the game has received sizeable praise and scrutiny from players, with some responding reminiscently over it. Duncan Geere of Wired dubbed it "great high-brow lunchtime gaming" that exploits the paradox of video games being supposedly a better medium than music and films, despite most gamers being compliant by design. Writing for Rock, Paper, Shotgun, Kieron Gillen called the atmosphere "genuinely oppressive" and the game's cogitation between free will and control "really quite excellent". A review in the Italian magazine Dude named it one of their top 16 favourite independent games.

In interviewing Ocias, Justin Kranzl of Gamasutra called the experience of playing the game challenging of the "assumptions people may hold about the respective weight of narrative and play mechanics". Kris Ligman of PopMatters called the controls frustrating and "only just playable", but disregarded this as "all it needs in order to work". Chris Priestman of Kill Screen found the game provoking of "gut reactions" and noted a sexual undercurrent throughout it. Referred to by Gillen, Michael Rose of IndieGames.com called the controls "a little wonky", but concluded that it was "definitely worth giving a go". Tim W. of the same website ranked the game second place of the top 10 browser platformers of 2010. Rose later published in his book 250 Indie Games You Must Play that the game is worth playing twice to see the alternative endings based on the player's decisions. Writing for the official website of G4, Brittany Vincent called the game "especially curious" in its depiction of a dominant and submissive relationship and a "fantastic case" of the medium "pushing the margins of human emotion".

References

External links

 Loved on Kongregate
 Loved on Newgrounds

2010 video games
Browser games
Flash games
Freeware games
Indie games
Monochrome video games
Platformers
Single-player video games
Video games developed in Australia


title: Life Itself (George Harrison song)

text:
"Life Itself" is a song by English musician George Harrison from his 1981 album Somewhere in England. Harrison also included it on his 1989 greatest-hits compilation Best of Dark Horse. As a love song to God, the track served as the artist's most overtly religious musical statement since 1974. The lyrics offer praise to Christ, Vishnu, Jehovah and Buddha, thereby marking a return to the concept of a universal deity, regardless of religious demarcation, that Harrison had first espoused in his 1970 hit single "My Sweet Lord".

Harrison recorded "Life Itself" at his Friar Park studio in England in 1980. The recording features multiple slide guitar parts, played by Harrison, and contributions from musicians such as Neil Larsen, Willie Weeks and Jim Keltner. Following Warner Bros. Records' rejection of the initial submission of Somewhere in England, forcing Harrison to rework the content of the album, Al Kooper added a Hammond organ part to the track.

"Life Itself" has received praise from reviewers, several of whom recognise it as a highlight of an otherwise disappointing album. Harrison's demo of the song appeared on the EP accompanying the limited-edition illustrated book Songs by George Harrison 2, published by Genesis Publications in 1992. He also agreed to its use in the 1993 audio-book format of author Deepak Chopra's Ageless Body, Timeless Mind, where the 1981 track accompanies a passage read by Chopra. In 1998, "Life Itself" was one of the Harrison compositions adapted by composers Steve Wood and Daniel May for the soundtrack to the IMAX documentary Everest.

Background and composition
George Harrison wrote "Life Itself" and the other songs for his album Somewhere in England between mid 1979 and the early part of 1980. Harrison's songwriting at this time contrasted in tone with the light-heartedness of his two previous albums, Thirty Three & 1/3 (1976) and George Harrison (1979). Both of these works had continued to present a softening in the artist's spiritual vision since 1974, the year in which he had publicly espoused a hard-line Hindu religiosity in his North American concerts with Ravi Shankar and in devotional songs such as "It Is 'He' (Jai Sri Krishna)". While promoting his self-titled 1979 album, Harrison said that he was no longer interested in promoting so obvious a religious message as he had in his biggest hit, "My Sweet Lord". Later in 1979, the content of his HandMade Films comedy Monty Python's Life of Brian attracted controversy from Christian religious groups, a point to which Harrison later responded: "All it made fun of was people's stupidity in the story [of Jesus Christ] ... Actually it was upholding Him and knocking all the idiotic stuff that goes on around religion ..." Songs such as "Life Itself", "Writing's on the Wall" and "Sat Singing" nevertheless reflected his return to more spiritually focused songwriting, recalling the themes of Harrison's albums All Things Must Pass (1970) and Living in the Material World (1973).

Author Simon Leng draws parallels between "Life Itself" and "Every Grain of Sand", a song written by Bob Dylan later in 1980, midway through his born-again Christian period. According to Leng, the two compositions address a similar issue in their statements of faith, but whereas Dylan sings of "hanging in the balance of the reality of man", Harrison has "arrived at his destination" and is "making an offering" to his deity. Like Leng, theologian Dale Allison describes "Life Itself" as Harrison's "love song to God". Allison also notes that, as a progression from Harrison's more Hindu-focused exhortations up to 1974, the song's strong "theological assertions" reflect his recognition of Christ, a perspective that Harrison increasingly explored in subsequent decades.

The song is a slow ballad in the key of C. In his lyrics, Harrison's directly addresses his deity, whom he describes as variously a lover, a friend, the source of truth, and the essence of all "We taste, touch and feel". He recognises God as both "the breath of life itself" and "the light in death". Harrison also lists some of the names by which the deity is popularly referred: Christ, Vishnu, Buddha, Jehovah and "Our Lord". He finds further common ground in all faiths by saying that God, as "the One", is Govindam, Bismillah and "Creator of All". Regardless of the characterisations adopted by specific religions, the song depicts love as the essential quality in Harrison's vision of a deity.

Recording
Harrison first taped a demo of "Life Itself" at his FPSHOT studio in Henley, Oxfordshire, shortly before beginning the recording of Somewhere in England in March 1980. Harrison played all the instruments on this early version, including electric guitars and ukulele. He then recorded the track during the main sessions for the album, held at FPSHOT through to September 1980. Aside from Harrison, who also served as producer, the musicians at the sessions were Neil Larsen and Gary Brooker (both on keyboards), Ray Cooper (percussion), Willie Weeks (bass) and Jim Keltner (drums). The latter's presence marked the first time he had played on a Harrison album since 1975, since when Keltner had become a key member in Dylan's backing band, as well as sharing Dylan's evangelical Christian beliefs.

The arrangement of Harrison's electric guitar parts – which include picked rhythm parts, slide riffs, and a separate slide part playing the solos and fills – changed little between the demo and the formal recording. Leng suggests that the latter was in fact built up from Harrison's demo.

After submitting Somewhere in England to Warner Bros. Records, the distributor of his Dark Horse record label, in late September 1980, Harrison was forced to rework the content of the album – including replacing four of the original songs – to ensure the release had more commercial appeal. Harrison chose to retain "Life Itself" and worked with Ray Cooper on a second version of the album. For these sessions, beginning in November, Harrison enlisted keyboardist Al Kooper to complete the recordings. Kooper overdubbed a Hammond organ part, adding to Brooker's original contribution. In Leng's description, the gospel inflections of this final addition combine with Harrison's backing vocals and "guitar choir" to "convey his spiritual vision in music". The mix of the song changed significantly between the original submission and the reworked album, for which Cooper was credited as a co-producer.

Release and reception
Somewhere in England was released on 1 June 1981. "Life Itself" was sequenced as the third track, between "Unconsciousness Rules" and "All Those Years Ago", which was Harrison's tribute to his former Beatles bandmate John Lennon and another song to which Kooper added a key musical contribution. The album was a relative commercial success, an outcome that was due largely to a public outpouring of grief in reaction to Lennon's murder in December 1980.

Although the album received mixed reviews, music critics responded favourably towards "Life Itself". Harry Thomas of Rolling Stone described the song as "an explicit paean to 'the One' in all His guises ... With beautifully filigreed overdubs of breathy, echoing voices and poignant slide-guitar figures ... the music conjures up a magical temple of mirrors." While less impressed with Somewhere in England generally, Thomas also wrote of "Life Itself" as "gorgeous and haunting" and a track that "sums up what [Harrison] does best and – judging from the care he lavishes on it – what he loves best". People magazine's reviewer admired the album as "a musical giant's defiant tribute to the value of life" and described the song as "a moving, warming ballad".

Conversely, writing in Creem, Mitchell Cohen cited the track as an example of the album's diminishing quality after the opening song, "Blood from a Clone", in which Harrison criticised Warner's, and he added: "'Life Itself' is God's resume, complete with noms d'omnipotence. ('You are the real love that I've got' George sings, as Olivia chalks up evidence for future alienation of affection charges.)" NME critic Bob Woffinden welcomed the song as an example of how the album's subject matter ranged beyond the "humdrum". He found it "only characteristic of [Harrison] to embrace more universal themes", adding that "probably only he could have composed a song entitled 'Life Itself'."

Retrospective assessment and legacy
Elliot Huntley writes that Harrison clearly "had a soft spot" for "Life Itself". He included the song on his 1989 compilation album Best of Dark Horse, and his 1980 demo was the opening track on the EP accompanying Songs by George Harrison 2 in 1992. In an act that Leng terms "unprecedented", Harrison authorised the inclusion of "Life Itself", along with "Writing's on the Wall" and "That Which I Have Lost", on the audio book release of Deepak Chopra's bestseller Ageless Body Timeless Mind. It was also one of the Harrison compositions adapted in the Tibetan folk style by composers Steve Wood and Daniel May for the soundtrack to the 1998 IMAX documentary Everest. According to Huntley, Greg MacGillivray, the film's director, chose Harrison's music for its "spiritual quality" and "his ties to eastern religion".

Having interviewed Harrison for Guitar World magazine in 1987, Rip Rense admired the song's guitar parts as evidence of how effectively Harrison composed his solos. Rense added: "The conversational duet-solos in 'Life Itself' and 'Beautiful Girl' – where his solo guitars overlap and answer one another – are impressively imaginative, virtuosic."

In his review of the 2004 reissue of Somewhere in England, John Metzger of The Music Box described "Life Itself" as the highlight of the album and "a devotional ballad of utmost beauty". Writing for Blender that year, Paul Du Noyer recognised the song as the album's "standout track". James Griffiths of The Guardian paired "Life Itself" with the 1979 ballad "Your Love Is Forever" as two "transcendentally lovely" songs, and examples of how Harrison's Dark Horse releases were often unjustly overlooked. Simon Leng cites the same pair of songs as works that are "the closest to his musical 'soul'", whereby "[Harrison's] meticulous craftsmanship as a singer, guitar player, and arranger was used to create aural replicas of grace." Author Ian Inglis includes "Life Itself" among Harrison songs that possess "great charm, energy, and beauty" yet may be little known due to the lack of critical acclaim afforded their respective parent album. Inglis praises the song for its "gorgeous melody of rising and falling phrases" and adds: "It is a beautifully crafted and gently sung track ... his spiritual certainty is fixed, unchanging, and permanent."

Personnel
According to authors Chip Madinger and Mark Easter (except where noted):

 George Harrison – vocals, electric guitars, slide guitars, backing vocals
 Neil Larsen – keyboards
 Gary Brooker – organ
 Al Kooper – Hammond organ
 Willie Weeks – bass
 Jim Keltner – drums
 Ray Cooper – percussion

Notes

References

Sources

 Dale C. Allison Jr, The Love There That's Sleeping: The Art and Spirituality of George Harrison, Continuum (New York, NY, 2006; ).
 Keith Badman, The Beatles Diary Volume 2: After the Break-Up 1970–2001, Omnibus Press (London, 2001; ).
 Alan Clayson, George Harrison, Sanctuary (London, 2003; ).
 Peter Doggett, You Never Give Me Your Money: The Beatles After the Breakup, It Books (New York, NY, 2011; ).
 The Editors of Rolling Stone, Harrison, Rolling Stone Press/Simon & Schuster (New York, NY, 2002; ).
 Bill Harry, The George Harrison Encyclopedia, Virgin Books (London, 2003; ).
 Clinton Heylin, Bob Dylan: Behind the Shades (20th Anniversary Edition), Faber and Faber (London, 2011; ).
 Elliot J. Huntley, Mystical One: George Harrison – After the Break-up of the Beatles, Guernica Editions (Toronto, ON, 2006; ).
 Chris Ingham, The Rough Guide to the Beatles, Rough Guides/Penguin (London, 2006; 2nd edn; ).
 Ian Inglis, The Words and Music of George Harrison, Praeger (Santa Barbara, CA, 2010; ).
 Ashley Kahn (ed.), George Harrison on George Harrison: Interviews and Encounters, Chicago Review Press (Chicago, IL, 2020; ).
 Al Kooper, Backstage Passes & Backstabbing Bastards: Memoirs of a Rock 'n' Roll Survivor, Backbeat Books (New York, NY, 2008; ).
 Peter Lavezzoli, The Dawn of Indian Music in the West, Continuum (New York, NY, 2006; ).
 Simon Leng, While My Guitar Gently Weeps: The Music of George Harrison, Hal Leonard (Milwaukee, WI, 2006; ).
 Chip Madinger & Mark Easter, Eight Arms to Hold You: The Solo Beatles Compendium, 44.1 Productions (Chesterfield, MO, 2000; ).
 Robert Rodriguez, Fab Four FAQ 2.0: The Beatles' Solo Years, 1970–1980, Backbeat Books (Milwaukee, WI, 2010; ).
 Mat Snow, The Beatles Solo: The Illustrated Chronicles of John, Paul, George, and Ringo After The Beatles (Volume 3: George), Race Point Publishing (New York, NY, 2013; ).
 Howard Sounes, Down the Highway: The Life of Bob Dylan, Doubleday (London, 2001; ).
 Gary Tillery, Working Class Mystic: A Spiritual Biography of George Harrison, Quest Books (Wheaton, IL, 2011; ).
 Bob Woffinden, The Beatles Apart, Proteus (London, 1981; ).

1981 songs
George Harrison songs
Songs written by George Harrison
Song recordings produced by George Harrison
Music published by Oops Publishing and Ganga Publishing, B.V.
Indian mythology in music


title: Mandy Boyd

text:
Mandy Boyd (born 15 October 1991) is a New Zealand international lawn bowls player.

Bowls career
Mandy followed her sister Angela Boyd into the sport, and started playing in 2006 while at Napier Girls' High School.

Boyd competed at the 2014 Commonwealth Games as part of the women's triples and women's fours teams. She won a bronze medal in the women's fours events along with teammates Selina Goddard, Amy McIlroy and Val Smith.

She was selected as part of the New Zealand team for the 2018 Commonwealth Games on the Gold Coast in Queensland.

In addition to her international success she has won the 2015 & 2016 pairs titles with her sister and six 'fours' titles (2011, 2014, 2016, 2018, 2019, 2021) at the New Zealand National Bowls Championships when bowling for the Burnside Bowls Club.

References

External links

1991 births
Living people
New Zealand female bowls players
Commonwealth Games competitors for New Zealand
Commonwealth Games bronze medallists for New Zealand
Commonwealth Games medallists in lawn bowls
Bowls players at the 2014 Commonwealth Games
Medallists at the 2014 Commonwealth Games
People educated at Napier Girls' High School
21st-century New Zealand women
21st-century New Zealand people


title: Selina Goddard

text:
Selina Goddard (sometimes called Selina Smith; born 23 July 1994) is a New Zealand international lawn bowls player, playing out of Takapuna Bowling Club.

Bowls career
Goddard was introduced to the sport at a young age through her parents, who were keen bowlers. She started playing bowls competitively at age 14, while attending Howick College in eastern Auckland. , she is based in Auckland, New Zealand.

Goddard has been a part of numerous annual Trans-Tasman series. In 2013 she was first introduced to the New Zealand Under 18 Bowls Team. In 2014, she was then selected to play in the New Zealand Development Team for the annual Trans-Tasman match, where the ladies development team won series. At the 2016 Trans-Tasman in Christchurch, New Zealand she was a part of the winning open women's side. At the 2017 Trans-Tasman on the Gold Coast, Queensland, she was selected to be a part of the series.

She competed at the 2014 Commonwealth Games as part of the women's triples and women's fours teams. She won a bronze medal in the women's fours events alongside teammates Mandy Boyd, Amy McIlroy and Val Smith.

Selina has won four national titles. The first at the 2014 New Zealand National Bowls Championships in Dunedin, where alongside teammates Mandy Boyd, Amy Mcilroy and Gemma Watts they won the fours. Then at the 2017 National Open Championships in Taranaki, she won the singles which entered her into the 2017 World Singles Champion of Champions, held at St John Park Bowling Club in Sydney, Australia and where she won a bronze medal. The third and fourth National titles came in 2020 when she won the pairs with Katelyn Inch and the fours under her married name.

In 2022, she competed in the women's pairs and the Women's fours at the 2022 Commonwealth Games. In the pairs and fours she secured a bronze medal.

In 2023, she won her fifth title at the National Championships, bowling for Takapuna BC. Later in 2023, she was selected as part of the team to represent New Zealand at the 2023 World Outdoor Bowls Championship. She participated in the women's pairs and the women's fours events. In the fours, her team won the bronze medal.

References

External links
 Selina Goddard at Bowls New Zealand (archived)

1994 births
Living people
New Zealand female bowls players
Commonwealth Games bronze medallists for New Zealand
Commonwealth Games medallists in lawn bowls
Bowls players at the 2014 Commonwealth Games
Bowls players at the 2022 Commonwealth Games
People educated at Howick College
Medallists at the 2014 Commonwealth Games
Medallists at the 2022 Commonwealth Games


title: Amy McIlroy

text:
Amy McIlroy (née Brenton, born 22 March 1991) is a New Zealand lawn bowls player. She competed at the 2014 Commonwealth Games as part of the women's triples and women's fours teams. She won a bronze medal in the women's fours events along with teammates Mandy Boyd, Selina Goddard and Val Smith.

Born Amy Brenton, McIlroy attended Nelson's Nayland College. She married fellow lawn bowls player Shannon McIlroy in January 2013.

References

External links

1991 births
Living people
New Zealand female bowls players
Commonwealth Games competitors for New Zealand
Commonwealth Games bronze medallists for New Zealand
Commonwealth Games medallists in lawn bowls
Bowls players at the 2014 Commonwealth Games
Medallists at the 2014 Commonwealth Games
People educated at Nayland College
Sportspeople from Nelson, New Zealand
21st-century New Zealand women
21st-century New Zealand people


title: 2014 CrossFit Games

text:
The 2014 CrossFit Games were held on July 22–27, 2014 at the StubHub Center in Carson, California, and were the eighth edition of the Games. The CrossFit Games are an annual competition to determine the "Fittest on Earth" and feature workouts designed using the CrossFit program. Rich Froning Jr. was the men's winner, while Camille Leblanc-Bazinet of Canada won the women's event, and CrossFit Invictus won the Affiliate Cup.

This year's Games were tightly contested after Rich Froning Jr. who started well faltered in a few events. He finished strongly with three straight event wins in the final day to clinch a record fourth consecutive title. He retired from individual competition after this Games, concentrating instead on the team events in the following seasons. This year also featured the debut of Mat Fraser who finished second and was named Rookie of Year at the Games.

ESPN aired the final heat of the evening event on both Friday and Saturday. ESPN2 aired the final heat of the final event on Sunday evening. All of the events were available live on ESPN3 for U.S. viewers and on the CrossFit Games website for international viewers.

Qualification

The 2014 CrossFit Games Open was held over the course of five weeks in February and March and it had 209,585 participants, an event record. The Open was again won by the reigning champions Rich Froning and Sam Briggs.

Regionals
The top 48 men, 48 women, and 36 teams across the five Open workouts from each of the 17 regions proceeded to participate in a three-day Regional competition. There were 7 workouts in each of the Regionals. The top three men, women, and teams from each of the Regionals in the United States, Europe, and Australia advanced to the CrossFit Games; in smaller Regionals only one or two top athletes may qualify. The extra qualification places given to Regionals where past Champions competed in and qualified to the Games were removed this season. The 2013 champion Sam Briggs failed to qualify for the Games after performing poorly in the handstand walk event.

Drug testing was extended starting this year to any registered CrossFit competitor including offseason testing, in previous seasons only the top athletes at the Regionals and the Games were tested.

Individual events

The men and women compete against only their own gender but compete in the same events (with various elements scaled down for the women, such as barbell weight). As the events change from year to year, the athletes must prepare for a variety of individual events. To follow with CrossFit's theme of being "prepared for anything", a number of new movements are often introduced each year. Events are not announced until after the Regionals are over, with many events being announced days, hours, or only minutes in advance. In fact, this year's final event, Double Grace, was announced to the athletes only 30 seconds before the event started.

Wednesday, July 23, 2014

Event 1: The Beach
For the third straight year, the CrossFit Games began on the Wednesday before the traditional weekend events; however, the athletes were aware of this much further in advance than in the past. The Games have started with a swim every year since 2011, with this year's event consisting of 1,000 yards of swimming, much longer than in past years. The event consisted of three separate sections of open-water swimming (250 yards, 500 yards, 250 yards), between which are the competitors had to perform two sessions of 50 kettlebell thrusters (35 lb. for men / 24 lb. for women)and 30 burpees in the sand. The event took place on Hermosa Beach.

Jordan Troyan, an experienced swimmer, won the first event for the men just as he had the previous year. Anna Tunnicliffe won the event for the women.

Event 2: Overhead Squat
The athletes had three attempts to establish a 1-rep maximum overhead squat. The athletes had their choice of weight and were allowed to advance upwards in increments as small as one pound. Should they miss an attempt, they were not permitted to lower their weight, but they were permitted to increase their weight if they desired.

Kara Webb won the women's event with a 250 lb squat, putting her in first place. Rich Froning and Mathew Fraser each squatted 377 lb, tying for first. Froning took the lead in the competition after this event. Jordan Troyan, who won the previous event, was the only athlete to fail all three attempts.

Per the CrossFit tradition of three days on, one day off, there were no events on Thursday. Wanda Brenton withdrew after this event.

Friday, July 25, 2014

Event 3: Triple-3

Similar to 2013's Burden Run event, all male and female athletes participated in one large heat. The athletes completed a triplet consisting of a 3,000 meter row, 300 double-unders, and a 3 mile run around the StubHub Center. Rob Forte and Kristen Holte were the men's and women's winners, respectively. Rich Froning had to stop and walked part of the run course in the heat, and finished in 37th place, his worst-ever finish in a CrossFit Games event.

Events 4 and 5: Sprint Sled 1 and 2
Two 50-point events were held back-to-back, requiring the athlete to push a 90 lb sled across the soccer stadium. Lauren Brooks and Emily Abbott won the first and second event for the women, respectively, while Neal Maddox won both events for the men.

Event 6: 21-15-9 Complex
Similar to many CrossFit benchmark workouts, this event was held in a 21-15-9 rep scheme with two sections. However, within each section, there were three movements. The first section consisted of deadlifts, cleans, and snatches of a 155 lb (115 lb for the women) barbell. The second section consisted of pull-ups, chest-to-bar pull-ups, and bar muscle-ups. Rich Froning took first place for the men's event, which pulled him up to fourth place overall after poor results in the previous three events. Camille Leblanc-Bazinet won the women's event as the only competitor who went through the pull-up sequences unbroken.

Saturday, July 26, 2014

Event 7: Muscle-Up Biathlon
The Muscle-Up Biathlon was the first event announced, but the details were unknown to the competitors until a few days before the event. Similar to a biathlon, athletes completed 3 rounds of two alternating movements: a 400 meter run and muscle-ups, with the first round requiring 18 muscle-ups and the second and third rounds requiring 15 and 12, respectively. To further the biathlon theme, each time an athlete dropped from their set of rings, they had to complete a 200 meter "penalty lap".

Event 8: Sprint Carry
In this event, the athletes completed three down-and-back 100-meter runs in a shuttle-run format. Each time an athlete came back down the floor, they were required to carry an increasingly heavy object.

Event 9: Clean-Speed Ladder
As in past years, a "ladder" event was held at this year's Games. In past years, athletes had a set amount of time to lift one weight before ascending to the next weight in set time periods, usually 30 or 60 seconds. This year, however, the event was for time. In the quarterfinals, athletes had to squat clean 5 ascending weights, with the top 24 athletes advancing to the semifinals. In the semifinals, the weights were increased in typical ladder fashion, with the top 8 athletes advancing to the finals (and the process repeating). The athletes were scored based on their time in their final round; for instance, 9th place was the fastest time in the semifinals that did not advance to the finals. Times were not cumulative.

Event 10: Push Pull
Competitors completed four rounds of handstand push-ups and sled pulls. Each round, the reps and deficit for the handstand push-ups increased and the sled pulls got heavier.

Sunday, July 27, 2014

Event 11: Midline March
Athletes completed three rounds of 25 GHD sit-ups, a 50 foot handstand walk, and a 50 foot overhead walking lunge. Kara Webb had difficulty with the handstand walk, later withdrew due to injury in this event. Annie Thorisdottir won the women's event to start her charge up the leader's board. Rich Froning won in the men's event, the first of his three wins on the final day.

Event 12: Thick 'n Quick

Inspired by the final event of the Regionals, athletes completed 4 rope climbs at 20' each on a thicker rope, followed by 3 overhead squats at 245 lb for the men, 165 lb for the women.
Jenn Jones won the event for the women, while Rich Froning won for the men. The win was Froning's fifth consecutive Sunday event win, dating back to 2013.
Kara Webb, who had led in the early events of the Games until she was overtaken by Leblanc-Bazinet, had to withdraw due to injury.

Event 13: Double Grace
Competitors learned about this event just seconds before it began, with competitors in later heats being secluded in order to maintain the surprise. Grace, a classic CrossFit workout and the final workout of the 2008 CrossFit Games, was doubled for this event. Athletes completed 60 clean and jerks at 135 lb for the men and 95 lb for the women.

2011 and 2012 champion Annie Thorisdottir won the event for the women, clinching second place overall as Camille Leblanc-Bazinet finished fifth, which secured her first ever CrossFit Games championship.

For the second straight year, Rich Froning swept all three Sunday events with a win in Double Grace. The win secured his fourth consecutive CrossFit Games championship.

Team events
The first team event was held on a Wednesday for the first time, which is also the first ever swim event for the team competition.
The Beach
Relay Run
Fantasy Land
Big Bob 100
Deadlift-M
Deadlift-W
Big Bob 200
Chipper-M
Chipper-F
Squat Burpee
Worm Sprint
Team Fifties
Worm Bob Final

Podium finishers

Individuals and teams

Masters men

Masters women

See also
CrossFit

References

External links
 2014 CrossFit Games Individual events on CrossFit Games official YouTube channel
 2014 CrossFit Games

International sports competitions hosted by the United States
CrossFit Games
CrossFit Games
CrossFit