title: Bramble-class gunboat (1898)

text:
The Bramble-class gunboat was a type of warship used by the Royal Navy between the 1890s and the 1920s. The four ships of this class were notable as the final development of the Victorian gunboat tradition, and for being one of the last classes of warship designed to travel under sail. One of them, HMS Thistle, retained a functional sailing rig into the mid-1920s.

Design
The four Bramble-class gunboats were designed to protect the far-flung outposts of Great Britain's colonial empire. At 180 feet long and 33 feet in beam, with a draft of just 8 feet and a displacement of only 710 tons, they were the smallest seagoing vessels built for the Royal Navy in the 1890s. They were also among the cheapest, built at a cost of just over £50,000 each, less than 5% of the cost of a contemporary battleship.

Limited steaming range and the continuing need for sails
The small dimensions and shallow draught of the Bramble class were designed to facilitate navigation on the complex coastlines and great rivers of Africa, South Asia and the Far East. The drawback this imposed was a limited fuel supply. The type entered service with a standard bunkerage of just 50 tons of coal. For Thistle, considered one of the better-performing ships of the class, this would only provide two and a half days' movement at her sustained cruising speed of 11.5 knots, and full-speed runs used nearly twice the quantity of coal over any given length of time. In practice, storage was found for 145 tons of coal, but this was still sufficient for only one week of cruising.

The Bramble class were therefore designed with a sailing rig to supplement their engines. This was still widely accepted in the 1890s as a necessity for long-range warships, which would not always have reliable access to coaling stations. Modern ships which retained a full sailing rig in the 1890s included the Russian armoured cruiser Rurik, the six German Bussard-class light cruisers, the United States Navy's Annapolis-class gunboats, and the Royal Navy's own Condor-class and Cadmus-class sloops.

However, the use of sails was not universally accepted: the armoured battleships of the great powers had become so large and heavy that they had abandoned the remnants of sailing rig in the mid-1880s, and modernizers argued that any sailing warship was automatically obsolete.

Whereas most cruisers of the 1890s adopted a three-masted barque or barquentine rig combining a strong emphasis on fore-and-aft sails with a partial square rig, the Bramble class differed by being designed as two-masted ships, and in 1911, the authoritative partnership of Sir Philip Watts and John Harper Narbeth noted that they only used a "reduced" fore-and-aft sailplan. Thus rigged, they somewhat resembled the much larger contemporary Royal Navy protected cruisers such as the Astrea class and Eclipse class, which had two "military masts", principally used for signal halyards, lookout positions and fighting tops, but designed to set auxiliary fore-and-aft sails in an emergency. On the other hand, HMS Thistle used some square sails, and there appears to be no clear evidence what their designed sailplan was (an original brig or brigantine sailplan like the earlier HMS Temeraire cannot be ruled out).

Other features
In order to further reduce the logistical requirements (and construction costs) of the new gunboats, a number of other decisions were taken which seemed almost willfully anachronistic. They had copper sheathing to protect their hulls against fouling in tropical seas. With minimal machinery, old-fashioned human strength on the capstan was required to raise the anchors, and a functional ship's wheel was provided to turn the rudder. All lighting came from candles rather than light bulbs. Only one of the four ship's boats was equipped with an engine, the rest being powered by sails and oars. Some of the guns were even mounted internally behind gunports.

In some important respects, however the gunboats were thoroughly up-to-date. Their armament of two 4-inch guns, four 12-pounders and four or more heavy-calibre Maxim guns was modern, and the firepower it provided was comparable to that of comparable ships from rival navies, such as the German gunboat SMS Panther. Each ship's triple-expansion steam engine was capable of 13.5 knots, only slightly slower than contemporary battleships and cruisers, and their hulls were built of steel, exploiting metallurgical advances of the 1880s, rather than using older wrought iron or composite construction techniques.

In layout, the gunboats were also modern, resembling a miniature version of contemporary protected cruisers, with a straight stem, high forecastle, taller charthouse, and a long low deckhouse extending aft to an even lower quarterdeck. This was a distinct contrast with the sloops of the Condor and Cadmus classes, which resembled contemporary sailing windjammers with a bowsprit and figurehead, a high freeboard, and a raised poop deck aft.

Internally, the class also adopted the defining characteristic of the protected cruiser, positioning the coal bunkers to act as a form of armour around the vital spaces. The parallel was also expressed in other ways, as U.S. Navy observers noted that the quality of the fittings, both mechanical and domestic, was comparable throughout to that of a large cruiser: the crew cabins were all generously wood-panelled and comfortably air-conditioned, features that were rationalized with the claim that they would protect the crew from the heat of a metal hull under tropical skies. There was even an icemaker. They were fitted with a complete shade deck of teak and felt.

Later modifications
Almost at the moment that the ships entered service, high-level opinion in the Royal Navy swung decisively against the use of sail-power (and indeed against gunboats in principle). The sails were packed away, and gradually the apparatus of rigging and spars was physically discarded. During World War I, the ships retained only their immobile lower masts, and in some cases the fore topmast to support a radio antenna.

The loss of sailing capabilities made long-range deployment problematic, as the gunboats now had to travel with extra coal supply heaped on their open decks, and their engines struggled to propel them on sustained ocean-crossing voyages. HMS Thistle eventually reverted to a practical sailing rig in 1919, but adopted a progressively simplified arrangement, going from a brig to a ketch and finally becoming a sort of cutter.

In the 1920s, the two surviving ships of the type were re-armed. They retained their two 4-inch guns, but exchanged their 12-pounders and Maxims for an anti-aircraft armament of two Vickers 3-pounders and two 2-pounder pom-poms. Four Hotchkiss 3-pounders were also carried as saluting guns.

Japanese derivatives
The Imperial Japanese Navy adapted the design of the Bramble class as the model for two gunboats of its own, though both ships differed in many detail from their British model, as well as from each other. The Uji was launched in 1903, and her plans were further modified for Saga in 1912.

Service history
Two of the gunboats were laid down at the W.H. Potter & Sons shipyard in Liverpool on 1 December 1897, while the other two were begun the next day by London & Glasgow in Govan.  The Liverpool ships were launched as HMS Bramble (26 November 1898) and HMS Britomart (29 March 1899), while their counterparts in Glasgow were named HMS Dwarf (15 November 1898) and HMS Thistle (22 June 1899). These names had all been borne by distinguished precursors among the small warships of the Royal Navy.

HMS Dwarf in West Africa, 1899–1925

HMS Dwarf was the first ship of the class to enter service, being commissioned on 31 August 1899. She spent her entire active career around the western and southern coasts of Africa, covering a vast and varied zone from Gibraltar to the Limpopo River. During her career she participated in the Boer War of 1899–1902, where she was one of the first British ships equipped with radio, and in 1914, she played a prominent role in a successful Allied naval campaign against German West Africa, defeating the armed steamer Nachtigal in a ship-to-ship engagement.

In the later stages of her career, HMS Dwarf appears to have spent periods in reserve at Gibraltar and may have only been put into commission when a ship with her shallow-draught capabilities was specifically needed. She was eventually paid off around 1925, and sold for scrap the next year.

Bramble and Britomart, 1900–1920
HMS Bramble and HMS Britomart were commissioned simultaneously on 28 June 1900, and dispatched together for the China Station. They would remain there for the majority of their careers, although between 1906 and 1915, evidence suggests that they only spent limited periods at sea.

Bramble and Britomart were put back in commission in late 1915, and moved to the Indian Ocean. They subsequently alternated between long deployments in the Persian Gulf in support of the Mesopotamian campaign, and periods of refit in Bombay.

HMS Bramble was paid off on 5 October 1919, and sold for scrap in January 1920. Britomart is sometimes said to have shared her fate, as she had shared her career, but in fact she remained in service for a few months longer, and she was eventually sold on to a civilian owner on 6 October 1920, and modified to serve as a merchant ship, retaining her old name. In 1925, her name was changed to Shakuntala  (Shakuntala in the Mahabharata, like Britomart in The Faerie Queene, is a heroine characterized by chaste loyalty to a true love who is unaware of her identity). Sources state that the former gunboat was eventually scrapped in 1926.

HMS Thistle, 1901–1925

The Thistle had the most diverse career of all the Bramble-class gunboats. In varied pre-war duties in West Africa and on the Yangtze, she played a role in the introduction of football in Nigeria, and single-handedly attempted to contain the unrest in Hankou which precipitated the 1912 Revolution.

In 1915, Thistle was dispatched across the Indian Ocean to participate in the East Africa Campaign. She arrived too late to assist in the destruction of SMS Königsberg, but she played a successful role in the amphibious landings in German East Africa and the defense of Portuguese Mozambique.

In 1919, the Thistle was ordered back around the Cape of Good Hope to West Africa, but not before her new commanding officer had restored her sailing rig in order to compensate for her damaged engines. Even after her machinery was repaired, the Thistle subsequently retained her sails to supplement her propulsion. She finally arrived back in England for decommissioning in 1925, after an absence of over twenty years in distant waters. By this time, she was the last remaining sailing warship of the Royal Navy.

Citations

Sources
 "Thistle", Journal of the American Society of Naval Engineers, 11 (1899), p. 1106
 U.S. Office of Naval Intelligence, Notes on Naval Progress, November 1899 (ONI General Information Series, No. XVIII; Washington, 1899)
 U.S. Office of Naval Intelligence, Notes on Naval Progress, July 1900 (ONI General Information Series, No. XVIII; Washington, 1900)
 T.A. Brassey, ed. The Naval Annual, 1902 (Portsmouth, 1902)

 Antony Preston and John Major, Send a Gunboat: The Victorian Navy And Supremacy At Sea, 1854–1904 (London 1967, 2007)
 Log books of HMS Bramble: March 1914 to December 1817,  January 1918 to October 1919
 Log books of HMS Britomart: January 1917 to March 1920
 Log books of HMS Dwarf: July 1914 to February 1916, September 1920 to September 1923
 Log books of HMS Thistle: March 1914 to December 1916, January 1917 to December 1919, January 1920 to July 1924

Gunboat classes
Bramble-class gunboats (1898)
Bramble (1898)
1898 ships


title: Demoiselle Conradi

text:
Demoiselle Conradi (died 1720), was a German opera singer. She was one of the first professional female opera singers in Germany. She was famous in her time. She was engaged at the Hamburg opera in 1690–1709, and also performed in Brunswick and Berlin.

References

 Deutsche-biographie.de : Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie

18th-century German women opera singers
1720 deaths
Year of birth missing
17th-century women opera singers
Singers from Hamburg


title: Assiminea mesopotamica

text:
Assiminea mesopotamica is a species of minute, salt-tolerant snail with an operculum, an aquatic gastropod molluscs, or micromolluscs, in the family Assimineidae.

Distribution and habitat
This species is endemic to the Shatt al-Arab in Iraq. It is found amongst submerged vegetation in slow-flowing waters close to coastal regions, and is tolerant of brackish waters.

References

Assimineidae
Endemic fauna of Iraq
Gastropods described in 2007


title: Hirskyi Tikych

text:
Hirskyi Tikych () is a river in Ukraine, 167 km in length, a tributary of the Tikych, in the basin of Southern Bug. The Hirskyi Tikych river finds its source near the village of Frontivka in Orativ Raion, Vinnytsia Oblast.  It joins the 157 km long Hnylyi Tikych to form the Tikych, which soon joins the Velyka Vys river to form the Syniukha river, which flows 110 km to join the Southern Bug.

References
 Географічна енциклопедія України: в 3-х томах / Редколегія: О. М. Маринич (відпов. ред.) та ін. — К.: «Українська радянська енциклопедія» імені М. П. Бажана, 1989.

Rivers of Vinnytsia Oblast
Rivers of Cherkasy Oblast


title: Kripekapura

text:
Kripekapura is a remote Indian village in the Gormi tehsil, Bhind district, in the state of Madhya Pradesh. It is located 350 km south east of Delhi and 77 km north east of Gwalior. The fertile landscape is home to approximately 1286 people (census of 2011), which consist of 688 men, 598 women and 350 children.

Education
The village has one government school which runs from grade 1 to 12. male and Females studying 12 and above. In recent times, some males complete university and find government or private employment.some people are engineer ,doctor, police inspector and army. The remaining population, study until 12th and stay to help their families in the farm.kripekapura is an educated peoples village , where most of population is highly educated .

Lifestyle
The village lifestyle is very simple. There is full electricity and drinking water is collected from  pumps and tubewell. The village life revolves around farming and tending to livestock which is the main form of occupation. Majority of the population own farm lands and animals (buffalos and cows) which they use only to collect milk. The day begins before the sun rises by feeding the animals. Once the sun has risen the people travel to their farms and continue their daily routine which depends on the season. The main crops that they grow on their farms include wheat (gēhūm̐), mustard (sarasōṁ), barley (jau), millet (baajara), sesame (til) and some lentils (daal). By midday the heat of the sun in summer prevents further farming as it becomes too hot. The farmers return home to check on their animals, shower and eat lunch. Later in the afternoon they return to their farms. As the sun begins to set and there is not much light to be found, both females and males continue to tend to their animals. Only the females take care of cooking dinner as well as other meals in the day. After dinner, the evening consists of the villagers coming together in a common space to share their experiences. The youth gather around the older members of the community and hear the traditional folk stories. In order to start their early morning work majority of the population sleep early.

Gallery

References

Census of India 2011
Other villages around Kripekapura

Villages in Bhind district
Cities and towns in Bhind district


title: Power Pro Wrestling

text:
Memphis Power Pro Wrestling (Power Pro Wrestling) was a Memphis, Tennessee based professional wrestling promotion that was founded by Randy Hales. It was affiliated with Memphis Championship Wrestling and World Wrestling Federation. It was the first developmental territory for the World Wrestling Federation. The roster featured WWF-contracted wrestlers sent for training and experience like Kurt Angle and Matt Bloom (Tensai/Albert), Daniel Bryan and Memphis wrestling legends Bill Dundee and Jerry Lawler, Brian Christopher and many others.

It operated from April 1998 to April 2001. The promotion was booked by Randy Hales and Brandon Baxter.

Alumni

Male wrestlers

Female wrestlers

Stables and tag teams

Managers and valets

Commentators and interviewers

Other personnel

Championships

Power Pro Wrestling Heavyweight Championship
The PPW Heavyweight Championship was the top title contested for in the Power Pro Wrestling (later Memphis Power Pro Wrestling).

Power Pro Wrestling Tag Team Championship
The PPW Tag Team Championship was a title contended for in the Power Pro Wrestling later Memphis Power Pro Wrestling promotion.

Power Pro Wrestling Television Championship
The PPW Television title was a secondary championship contested for in Power Pro Wrestling/Memphis Power Pro Wrestling.

Power Pro Wrestling Young Guns Championship
The PPW Young Guns title was a secondary championship contested for in Power Pro Wrestling/Memphis Power Pro Wrestling.

Power Pro Wrestling Hardcore Championship
The PPW Hardcore title was a secondary championship contested for in Power Pro Wrestling/Memphis Power Pro Wrestling.

See also

List of independent wrestling promotions in the United States

References

Independent professional wrestling promotions based in Tennessee
Sports in Memphis, Tennessee


title: Ocellated treefrog (disambiguation)

text:
The ocellated treefrog is a species of frog in the family Hylidae.

Ocellated treefrog may also refer to:

 Ocellated forest treefrog, a frog of the family Arthroleptidae found in Africa
 Ocellated small treefrog, a frog of the family Rhacophoridae endemic to Hainan Island, China

Animal common name disambiguation pages


title: Krynka (river)

text:
The Krynka (, ) is a river in Ukraine, 180 km in length, a right tributary of the Mius, in the basin of the Sea of Azov. The Krynka finds its source in Luhansk Oblast.

References

 Географічна енциклопедія України: в 3-х томах / Редколегія: О. М. Маринич (відпов. ред.) та ін. — К.: «Українська радянська енциклопедія» імені М. П. Бажана, 1989.

Drainage basins of the Sea of Azov
Rivers of Luhansk Oblast
Rivers of Rostov Oblast


title: Rock Creek Center, Indiana

text:
Rock Creek Center is an unincorporated community in Huntington County, Indiana, in the United States.

History
Rock Creek Center was so named from its position near the geographical center of Rock Creek Township. A post office called Rock Creek opened in 1874, and closed in 1902.

References

Unincorporated communities in Huntington County, Indiana
Unincorporated communities in Indiana


title: 1960 Montana gubernatorial election

text:
The 1960 Montana gubernatorial election took place on November 8, 1960. Incumbent Governor of Montana J. Hugo Aronson, who was first elected governor in 1952 and was re-elected in 1956, declined to run for re-election. Donald Grant Nutter, a former state senator, narrowly won the Republican primary, and advanced to the general election, where he was opposed by Paul Cannon, the Lieutenant Governor of Montana and the Democratic nominee. Nutter defeated Cannon by a fairly wide margin, winning his one and only term as governor, as he would die just a year into his term.

Democratic primary

Candidates
Paul Cannon, Lieutenant Governor of Montana
Jack Toole, former Chairman of the Montana Democratic Party
Mike Kuchera, furniture dealer
Willard E. Fraser, businessman
John M. Nickey
Merrill K. Riddick

Results

Republican primary

Candidates
Donald Grant Nutter, Chairman of the Montana Republican Party, former State Senator
Wesley A. D'Ewart, former United States Congressman from Montana's 2nd congressional district, 1954 Republican nominee for the United States Senate

Results

General election

Results

References

Montana
Gubernatorial
1960
November 1960 events in the United States


title: List of MATA Bus Routes

text:
Memphis Area Transit Authority (MATA) operates 24 bus routes around Shelby County, Tennessee, United States. MATA also previously operated routes in West Memphis, Arkansas.

Routes (as of August 2022)

Former routes

Groove Shuttle ran its last service on 31 December 2020. Six terminations in November 2021.

See also
 MATA bus fleet
 MATA Trolley

References

External links
MATA Bus Routes and Schedules
MATAplus service

Bus routes
Tennessee transportation-related lists
Memphis


title: Carone

text:
Carone is a surname. It may refer to the following notable people:

 Jim Carone (born 1981), American college baseball coach
 Juan Carlos Carone (born 1942), Argentine footballer
 Mauricio Claver-Carone, American political advocate
 Nicolas Carone (1917–2010), American artist
 Patricia Carone (born 1943), American politician
 Pierdavide Carone (born 1988), Italian singer-songwriter
 Walter Carone (1920–1982), Italian-French photographer

pt:Carone


title: Dundee House

text:
Dundee House is the present headquarters of Dundee City Council, which opened in August 2011 to replace Tayside House. It was designed by Reiach and Hall and has won two prestigious architecture awards, including a Royal Institute of British Architects award for architectural excellence.

References

Buildings and structures in Dundee
Politics of Dundee
Government buildings completed in 2011


title: Hnylyi Tikych

text:
Hnylyi Tikych (), also known as Gniloy Tikich River, is a river in Ukraine, 157 km in length, a tributary of the Tikych, in the basin of Southern Bug. The Hnylyi Tikych river finds its source near the village of Snizhky in Bila Tserkva Raion, Kyiv Oblast.

It joins the Hirskyi Tikych river to form the Tikych River, which soon (after just ) joins the Velyka Vys river to form the Syniukha river, which flows  to join the Southern Bug.

It was in the middle of the Battle of Korsun–Cherkassy, during World War II in February 1944.

References
 Географічна енциклопедія України: в 3-х томах / Редколегія: О. М. Маринич (відпов. ред.) та ін. — К.: «Українська радянська енциклопедія» імені М. П. Бажана, 1989.

Rivers of Cherkasy Oblast
Rivers of Kyiv Oblast


title: Won-il

text:
Won-il is a Korean masculine given name. Its meaning differs based on the hanja used to write each syllable of the name. There are 35 hanja with the reading "won" and ten hanja with the reading "il" on the South Korean government's official list of hanja which may be used in given names.

Hanja
Some ways in which this name may be written in hanja include:
 (으뜸 원, 한 일), with hanja meaning "best"/"basis" and "one". These hanja may also correspond to the Japanese names Gen'ichi, Motoichi, and Motokazu.
 (근원 원, 한 일), with hanja meaning "origin" and "one". These hanja may also correspond to the Japanese names Gen'ichi, Motoichi, and Motokazu.
 (둥글 원, 한 일), with hanja meaning "round" and "one".

People
People with this name include:
Sohn Won-yil (1909–1980), South Korean navy vice admiral
Kim Won-il (born 1942), South Korean writer
Rhee Won-il (1960–2011), South Korean digital art curator
Son Won-il (voice actor) (born 1962), South Korean voice actor
Lee Won-il (born 1979), South Korean chef
Kim Won-il (boxer) (born 1982), South Korean boxer
Yoon Won-il (born 1983), South Korean footballer (K League 1)
Kim Won-il (footballer) (born 1986), South Korean footballer (K League 1)
Yoon Won-il (born 1986), South Korean footballer (K League Challenge)

See also
List of Korean given names

References

Korean masculine given names
Masculine given names


title: Hubbs

text:
Hubbs is a surname. It may refer to the following notable people:

 Carl Leavitt Hubbs (1894–1979), American ichthyologist
 Clark Hubbs (1921-2008), American ichthyologist and son of Carl Leavitt Hubbs
 Dan Hubbs (born 1971), American college baseball coach
 Irving G. Hubbs (1870–1952), American lawyer and politician
 John Hubbs (1874–1952), Canadian politician
 Ken Hubbs (1941–1964), American baseball player
 Orlando Hubbs (1840–1930), American politician
 Robert Hubbs III (born 1985), American basketball player

See also
 Coahuilix de hubbs snail
 Hubbs' beaked whale
 Hubbs House


title: Murafa

text:
Murafa () is a river in Ukraine, a left tributary of the Dniester. It is  long and its basin area is . The Murafa river finds its source near the village of Zatoky in Bar Raion, Vinnytsia Oblast. It flows into the Dniester near Yampil.

References

 Географічна енциклопедія України: в 3-х томах / Редколегія: О. М. Маринич (відпов. ред.) та ін. — К.: «Українська радянська енциклопедія» імені М. П. Бажана, 1989.

Rivers of Vinnytsia Oblast


title: Manuel Jimeno Casarín

text:
Manuel Jimeno Casarin (1815-1853) served as secretary of state under Governor Juan Bautista Alvarado and Governor Micheltorena, was a senior member of the State Assembly, and occasionally acting governor. He was married to María de las Angustias, the daughter of José de la Guerra y Noriega. Jimeno, who lived in Monterey, also was given land grants Rancho Salsipuedes (1840) in Santa Cruz County and Rancho Santa Paula y Saticoy (1843) in Ventura County and Rancho Jimeno (1844) in what is now Colusa County and Yolo County, California. Unlike many land grants holders, Jimeno was not required to show any use or development of the land and apparently he did not use the land, either for agriculture or ranching.  He died in 1853 during a visit to Mexico.

References

Land owners from California
1815 births
1853 deaths
Governors of Mexican California
People of Mexican California
19th-century American politicians
19th-century American businesspeople


title: Loubiere River

text:
The Loubiere River is a river in Dominica.

See also
List of rivers of Dominica

References
 Map of Dominica
  GEOnet Names Server
 Water Resources Assessment of Dominica, Antigua and Barbuda, and St. Kitts and Nevis

Rivers of Dominica


title: Joseph (Al-Zehlaoui)

text:
Archbishop Joseph (born Yusuf Al-Zehlaoui on November 2, 1950) was the Metropolitan of the Antiochian Orthodox Christian Archdiocese of North America from July 3, 2014 to September 17, 2022. He was preceded by Metropolitan Philip Saliba. From September 12, 2004, to his election as Metropolitan in 2014, Joseph Al Zehlaoui was the bishop of the Holy Diocese of Los Angeles and the West for the Antiochian Orthodox Christian Archdiocese of North America.
In connection with non-investigated allegations of clerical misconduct, Metropolitan Joseph was asked to resign by Patriarch John, prior to a meeting with the Patriarch. It is reported that he has not received any retirement offers, payments or any restitution for the upkeep of the rectory.  His resignation was effective immediately, and on September 23, 2022, Patriarch John X (Yazigi) announced his replacement with a temporary operating committee until a new Metropolitan Archbishop of America is elected.

Early years
Joseph G. Al-Zehlaoui or Joseph Zehlaoui (in Arabic جوزيف زحلاوي) was born on November 2, 1950, in Damascus, Syria to Georgi and Mathil (Baghdan) Al-Zehlaoui. After receiving his elementary education at the St. John of Damascus and Al-Assiyeh schools in Damascus, and his secondary education at Balamand Monastery in Koura, Northern Lebanon, he studied philosophy at Lebanese University in Beirut and theology, languages and music at the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki in Greece. He is fluent in Arabic, English, and Greek.

He was ordained to the diaconate while a student in Salonica, in December 1976. Subsequently, he was ordained to the priesthood by Patriarch Ignatius IV, at St. Mary Cathedral in Damascus in December, 1980. As a deacon, he served parishes in Thessaloniki. As a priest, he was dean of St. Mary Cathedral of Damascus, and overseer of the Holy Cross Church and other parishes in the suburbs of Damascus. In 1983, he pastored the Antiochian Orthodox followers living in London, England, and, in 1986, the Antiochian Orthodox community living in Cyprus.

His election to the episcopate was on May 5, 1991, and the consecration was on June 30, 1991, in the Holy Cathedral of the Patriarchate in Damascus with the title Bishop of Katana, Syria.

During his clerical ministry, he served as General Supervisor and Professor of Religious Education at the Al-Assiyeh Orthodox College and supervised the Patriarchal headquarters in Damascus. Besides being the Patriarchal Assistant during the past several years, Bishop Joseph served as the secretary to the Holy Synod of Antioch, Editor-in-Chief of the Patriarchal Bulletin and participated in several theological conferences in Greece, Texas, and Australia.

Service in the United States

At the request of Metropolitan Philip (Saliba) of New York, Al-Zehlaoui was selected by the Holy Synod of Antioch on January 24, 1995, to be an auxiliary bishop for the Antiochian Orthodox Christian Archdiocese of North America.

Starting September 12, 2004, he was appointed as the first bishop of the Holy Diocese of Los Angeles and the West enthroned by Metropolitan Philip and the Local Holy Synod of the Archdiocese.

Following the death of Metropolitan Philip Saliba, the prior Antiochian Orthodox metropolitan (1966–March 19, 2014), the Holy Synod of the Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Antioch and All the East convened on July 3, 2014, at the Our Lady of Balamand Patriarchal Monastery in Northern Lebanon and elected him at its meeting as metropolitan of North America.

Allegations of Misconduct
On August 25, 2022, the Antiochian Orthodox Christian Archdiocese of North America posted a statement on their website announcing that an independent legal team is investigating an accusation claiming Metropolitan Joseph had violated the canons of the church by having had a "long-time erotic affair" with a woman. On August 28, 2022, Patriarch John X of Antioch acknowledged the accusations and assured the church that appropriate actions would be taken quickly. Metropolitan Joseph issued a message to the American Archdiocese for the Ecclesiastical New Year but had made no public acknowledgement of the accusations as of September 1, 2022. As a result of the controversy, on September 17, 2022, Archbishop Joseph announced his request to retire as Metropolitan, while continuing to deny the allegations.

Title
Al-Zehlaoui's former title was His Eminence, the Most Reverend Joseph, Archbishop of New York and Metropolitan of All North America, Primate.

References

1950 births
Antiochian Orthodox Metropolitans of All North America
Syrian Christians
Living people
Religious leaders from Damascus


title: Ocellus (disambiguation)

text:
An ocellus is a simple eye found in invertebrates, in which pigment is distributed randomly and for which there are no additional structures. It is not to be confused with the ocelloid, a light-sensitive structure found in some dinoflagellates.

Ocellus may also refer to:

 Ocellus (mimicry), an eye-like marking
 Ocellus Lucanus (5th century BC), ancient Greek philosopher

See also

 Ocelus


title: Won-jae

text:
Won-jae is a Korean masculine given name. Its meaning differs based on the hanja used to write each syllable of the name. There are 35 hanja with the reading "won" and 20 hanja with the reading "jae" on the South Korean government's official list of hanja which may registered for use in given names.

People with this name include:
Park Won-jae (born 1984), South Korean footballer
Lee Won-jae (born 1986), South Korean footballer
Song Won-jae (born 1989), South Korean footballer
Eun Won-jae (born 1994), South Korean actor

Fictional characters with this name include:
Hyun Won-jae, in 2007–2010 South Korean manhwa series The Breaker
Park Won-jae, in 2008 South Korean film Crazy Waiting
Choi Won-jae, in 2013 South Korean television series Empire of Gold

See also
List of Korean given names

References

Korean masculine given names
Masculine given names


title: I Ride an Old Paint

text:
I Ride an Old Paint is a traditional American cowboy song, collected and published in 1927 by Carl Sandburg in his American Songbag.

Traveling the American Southwest, Sandburg found the song through western poets Margaret Larkin and Linn Riggs. He wrote that the song came to them in Santa Fe from a cowboy who was last heard of as heading for the Mexican border with friends. He described the song as one of a man in harmony with the values of the American West: "There is rich poetry in the image of the rider so loving a horse he begs when he dies his bones shall be tied to his horse and the two of them sent wandering with their faces turned west."

Members of the Western Writers of America chose it as one of the Top 100 Western songs of all time.  The song is interpolated in Aaron Copland ballet Rodeo, in William Grant Still Miniatures and in Virgil Thomson film score for The Plow that Broke the Plains.

There is disagreement among experts about the meanings of some terms in the song, namely: "snuffy", "fiery", "Dan", and "hoolihan".
If the word is dam as in Linda Ronstadt's version it is a mother horse. The hoolihan is a backhand loop thrown with a lariat, typically thrown to catch horses.
Notable recordings of "I Ride an Old Paint" are by the Weavers and Linda Ronstadt.  Loudon Wainwright III has a particularly plaintive version he titled simply "Old Paint" on his 1971 Album II (Loudon Wainwright III album). Johnny Cash recorded a version on his 1965 album Johnny Cash Sings the Ballads of the True West and Canadian singer Colter Wall recorded a version on his 2020 album Western Swing & Waltzes and Other Punchy Songs.

References

American Songbag songs
Western music (North America)

Ken Kesey suggested that "Houlihan" is a synonym for "Maverick".  Meaning: Wild...  Untamed.

This would be in his famous essay "The Day After Superman Died".  Wherein he refers to wild man Neil Cassidy (AKA Dean Moriarity) as...  O'Houlihan.

Moreover, the Lyrics of the song itself, actually suggest the wild cattle, ARE The Houlihan.

Fiery and Snuffy, are the Fire and the Branding Iron.  By which, those purportedly wild cattle, become your cattle.

Standard Lyrics are in the Public Domain.

I ride an old paint
I lead an old dan
I'm going to Montana
To throw the houlihan
They feed in the coolies
They water in the draw
Their tails are all matted
Their backs are all raw
Ride around
Ride around real slow
The fiery and the snuffy are raring to go

Carl Sandberg published lyrics in 1927, but the song may actually be as much as 80 years older.


title: Astragalus oltensis

text:
Astragalus oltensis, the Oltuan astracantha, is a species of milkvetch that is endemic to Kars Province in Turkey. It is known only from its type specimen, and has not been collected again since. It was found on stony slopes at about 1,100 m elevation. It is threatened by overgrazing and erosion.

References

oltensis
Endemic flora of Turkey


title: Clovis Kalyebara

text:
Brigadier Clovis Kalyebara (1954–2013) was a senior army officer. He was Uganda's Military Attaché at the country's High Commission in Nairobi, Kenya, at the time of his death in May 2013. Prior to his posting to Nairobi, in February 2013, Kalyebara was the Commandant of the Uganda Military Academy, Kabamba, in Mubende District, Central Uganda.

History
Clovis Kalyebara was born in Harugongo Village, Kichwamba Sub County, in Kabarole District, Western Uganda.

Military career
Among the many positions that Clovis Kalyebara served in as a member of the Uganda People's Defence Force, are the following:
 Deputy Commander of the 2nd Uganda People's Defence Force Division, based in Gulu in 2001.
 Director of Operation in the Office of the Army Commander, at the rank of lieutenant colonel, in 2005.
 Deputy Commandant of the Uganda Senior Command and Staff College, Kimaka, Jinja District
 Uganda's military attaché to the African Union headquarters in Addis Ababa
 Commandant of the Uganda Military Academy, Kabamba, Mubende District
 Uganda's Military Attaché to the country's High Commission in Nairobi, Kenya, in 2013, at the rank of brigadier.

See also
 Wilson Mbadi
 David Muhoozi
 Leopold Kyanda
 Katumba Wamala

References

External links
 Brigadier Clovis Kalyebara Laid To Rest

Toro people
People from Kabarole District
Ugandan military personnel
Ugandan generals
1956 births
2013 deaths


title: Frady

text:
Frady is an uncommon surname.  Frady is of American origin, likely translated from the German "Vrede."

It may refer to the following notable people:

 Greg Frady (born 1962), American college baseball coach
 Marshall Frady (1940–2004), American journalist and author
 Nicole Lane Frady (born 1983), American musician


title: 1999 WNBA Playoffs

text:
The 1999 WNBA Playoffs was the postseason for the Women's National Basketball Association's 1999 season which ended with the  Western Conference champion Houston Comets beating the Eastern Conference champion New York Liberty, 2-1. Cynthia Cooper was named the MVP of the Finals. The Comets completed a three-peat.

Road to the playoffs
Eastern Conference

Western Conference

Note:Teams with an "X" clinched playoff spots.

Playoffs

First round

Charlotte Sting vs. Detroit Shock

Sacramento Monarchs vs. Los Angeles Sparks

Conference Finals

Houston Comets vs. Los Angeles Sparks

New York Liberty vs. Charlotte Sting

WNBA Championship

Aftermath
The two teams would meet each other again in the 2000 WNBA Finals.

See also
List of WNBA Champions

References

Playoffs
Women's National Basketball Association Playoffs


title: Robichaux

text:
Robichaux is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

 Cynthia Robichaux Chenault (born 1937, stagename: Cindy Robbins), U.S. actress
 Dilana Robichaux (born 1972), South African singer-songwriter
 Joe Robichaux (1900–1965), American jazz artist; nephew of John
 John Robichaux (1866–1939), American jazz artist; uncle of Joe
 Mary Robichaux, U.S. politician
 Tony Robichaux (1961–2019), American college baseball coach

See also

Robichaux House, a historic house in Thibodaux, Louisiana

 Robichaud
 Robicheau
 Robicheaux


title: Astragalus acmophylloides

text:
Astragalus acmophylloides, the sharp-leaved milkvetch, is a species of milkvetch that is endemic to Erzurum and Artvin provinces. in Turkey. It can be found at pine forest edges at about 1,700 m elevation. It is threatened by dam construction and overgrazing.

References

acmophylloides
Endemic flora of Turkey
Critically endangered plants


The 2014–15 Virginia Tech Hokies women's basketball team represented Virginia Tech during the 2014–15 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. Dennis Wolff resumed the responsibility as head coach for a fourth consecutive season. The Hokies were members of the Atlantic Coast Conference and play their home games at the Cassell Coliseum. They finished the season 12–20, 1–15 in ACC play to finish in a tie for fourteenth place. They advanced to the quarterfinals of the ACC women's tournament where they lost to Florida State.

2014–15 media

Virginia Tech Hokies Sports Network
The Virginia Tech Hokies IMG Sports Network will broadcast Hokies games on WNMX. Andrew Allegretta will provide the call for the games and for select ESPN3 games. All WNMX games and games not on WNMX can be heard online through HokiesXtra.

2014–15 Roster

Schedule

|-
!colspan=9 style="background:#721227; color:#F77318;"|Exhibition

|-
!colspan=9 style="background:#721227; color:#F77318;"|Regular Season

|-
!colspan=9 style="background:#F77318;"| 2015 ACC Tournament

Rankings
2014–15 NCAA Division I women's basketball rankings

See also
 Virginia Tech Hokies women's basketball

References

Virginia Tech Hokies women's basketball seasons
Virginia Tech
Virginia Tech Hokies women's basketball
Virginia Tech


title: Giarratano

text:
Giarratano is a surname. It may refer to the following notable people:

 Joseph Giarratano (born 1956), American inmate
 Leah Giarratano, Australian psychologist
 Nino Giarratano (born 1962), American college baseball coach
 Tony Giarratano (born 1982), American baseball player

Italian-language surnames


title: Gallo Blue Chip

text:
Gallo Blue Chip is a Standardbred harness racing horse who earned $4.2 million in total winnings during his racing career. Gallo Blue Chip's sire was Magical Mike, and his dam was Camatross. Magical Mike's sire was Tyler B., and his dam was Racing Date; Camatross' sire was Albatross, and her dam was Bye Bye Camille.

Background
Gallo Blue Chip was purchased by his owner, Martin Scharf, for $100,000 from Chris Oakes of Lockport, New York. He was bred by Dan Gernatt Farms in Collins, New York.

Career
Gallo Blue Chip won eight of eight starts in 1999, including seven New York Sires Stakes and the $150,000 championship. In 2000, Gallo Blue Chip won the Meadowlands Pace horse race at the Meadowlands Racetrack in New Jersey with a time of 1:50.4. The same year, he also won the Breeder's Crown Three-Year-Old Colt and Gelding Pace at Mohawk Racetrack in 1:51.1. Winning the North America Cup (1:50.1; $1 million), Tattersalls Pace, and Art Rooney Pace were additional major victories for him that year. He set the world record for three-year-old pacers on a 5/8 mile track in his win at the Little Brown Jug Preview with a time of 1:50, becoming World Champion.

Gallo Blue Chip's owner, Martin Scharf, described his feelings about the horse's North America Cup victory, saying, "Winning the North America Cup was a thrill and a relief.  Even if you know a horse is good, he has to prove it. I've been in this business for 10 years and you never really know if you have that caliber of a horse.  The horse's trainer, Mark Ford, said of him in July 2000, "He's a little hard to train. You won't be impressed if you train him in the middle of the week, but he is good when he races."

At the close of 2000, Gallo Blue Chip had won more than $2.4 million, becoming the Standardbred record holder for winning the most money in any single racing season. Gallo Blue Chip won additional awards early in his career, including being named 2000 American Harness Horse of the Year; and 2000 and 2001 Pacer of the Year in the United States and Canada.  He also won the United States Trotting Association and Canadian (O’Brien) Three-Year-Old Pacing Colt of the Year awards in 2000.

Gallo Blue Chip became the all-time leading money-winning pacer in 2001 with $3,227,861 by winning the Canadian Pacing Derby Prep. That year, he won 10 out of 19 starts, including the Battle of Lake Erie, Graduate Pace, Canadian Pacing Derby, and American-National. He was the first pacer in the history of harness racing to earn more than $4 million in winnings, having done so in 2003 as a six-year-old at the Presidential Series final.

As an eight-year-old in 2005, he was continuing to race prior to his retirement on March 12, 2005. In 2005, Gallo Blue Chip retired "as the sport's leading money winning pacer" and Standardbred gelding of all-time. He is the first horse to have won more than $4 million in the sport.

Gallo Blue Chip was inducted into the Harness Racing Hall of Fame on July 3, 2011, having received 34% of the votes from members in good standing of the United States Trotting Association. He had a total of 53 wins of 133 starts during his career.

Retirement
Gallo Blue Chip is retired to Blue Chip Farms in Wallkill, New York.

Pedigree

References

External links
 Gallo Blue Chip and Daniel Dube winning 2000 Meadowlands Pace (video)

1997 racehorse births
Harness racing in the United States
American Standardbred racehorses
American Champion harness horses
Harness Horse of the Year winners
Racehorses trained in the United States
United States Harness Racing Hall of Fame inductees


title: The Important Book

text:
The Important Book is a 1949 children's picture book written by American author Margaret Wise Brown and illustrated by Leonard Weisgard. The book describes various common entities and describes some of their major attributes in brief poetic passages, beginning and ending with what Brown considers the key attribute:
The important thing about rain is
that it is wet.
It falls out of the sky,
and it sounds like rain,
and makes things shiny,
and it does not taste like anything,
and is the color of air.
But the important thing about rain is
that it is wet.

— Margaret Wise Brown, The Important Book

Reception
Mark Frauenfelder, calling the book Brown's magnum opus, described it as "true poetry about perceiving the world around us" that "rekindles the sense of wonder we were born with". The book has remained in print since its initial publication, and is frequently used in early writing education since the simple pattern is easy for young children to mimic; Crista Boske and Autumn Tooms further attributed the book's popularity in education to "the value of working with a book that overtly invites the reader to think for themselves in the midst of learning the concrete and abstract simultaneously"

The American National Education Association listed the book at #92 in its "Teachers' Top 100 Books for Children" list, compiled in 2007.

References

1949 children's books
1949 poetry books
American picture books
American poetry collections
Books by Margaret Wise Brown
Harper & Brothers books
Children's poetry books


title: Johnson-Morris House

text:
The Johnson-Morris House is a historic house at 41 Upper Pike Creek Road in northern New Castle County, Delaware.  The core of the main house is a fieldstone farmhouse built c. 1803; it has four bays across and is two stories tall.  A two-story ell, extending west from this main block, was added not long afterward.  The house remained the central point of a farm until 1937, when it was purchased by Hugh M. Morris, a judge on the bench of the United States District Court for the District of Delaware.  Between 1937 and 1939, the house underwent a major expansion, adding large ells, and restyling the original with Colonial Revival features.  An earlier Colonial Revival transformation funded by Morris is now part of White Clay Creek State Park, part of which abuts this property.

The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2011.

See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in northern New Castle County, Delaware

References

Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Delaware
Federal architecture in Delaware
Houses completed in 1803
Houses in Newark, Delaware
National Register of Historic Places in New Castle County, Delaware


title: Astragalus geminus

text:
Astragalus geminus, synonym Astragalus albanicus, is a species of milkvetch that is native to the east Caucasus. Under the synonym Astragalus albanicus, the 2014 IUCN Red List assessed it as "endangered", stating that it was endemic to the Abşeron and Gobustan districts of Azerbaijan, where it can be found on dry clayey sites and shingle slopes up to the mid montane zone and is threatened by small-scale development.

Taxonomy
The species was first described in 1946 as Astragalus albanicus by Alexander Alfonsovich Grossheim. However, this name had already been published for a different species, Astragalus albanicus Širj. (now regarded as a synonym of Astragalus rumelicus), so was illegitimate. The replacement name Astragalus geminus was published in 1998.

References

geminus
Endemic flora of Azerbaijan
Endangered flora of Asia


title: Joam Mattheus Adami

text:
Joam Mattheus Adami, (Italian: Giovanni Matteo Adami) (17 May 1576 – 22 September 1633) was a Jesuit missionary born in Mazara del Vallo (Sicilian: Mazzara), in the south-west of Sicily. Adami left for Macau in 1602, travelling via India, and reached Japan in 1604 after completing his studies. He served as the chief priest of the rectory of Yanagawa in Chikugo Province and was exiled to Macau in November 1614. However, he returned to Japan in July 1618. He pursued his missionary activities primarily in Oshu. He was captured and martyred at the gallows and the pit (ana-tsurushi) in Nagasaki on 22 September 1633.

Biography
Adami joined the Society of Jesus in 1595 at the age of 19. He studied philosophy and theology at the Collegio de Romano in Rome, and was ordained as a priest. In 1602, he headed to Macau, through India, to study theology further. He completed his studies at the Collegio de Macau, before arriving in Japan in 1604.

Missionary Work in Japan and Exile to Macau
In 1604, at the age of 28, Adami sailed from Macau to Japan on a junk and began learning Japanese on the island of Kyusyu in Omura. He wrote an examination to gain a degree in theology in Japan on 23 September 1604, but was thrown out of Omura with other priests the same year. Adami took refuge in Bungotakada Church in Oita. In 1607, he became the chief priest of the rectory of Yanagawa in Chikugo Province, where he engaged in missionary work for seven years with Joam Yama, a monk. His Japanese language abilities improved. After the Edo government proclaimed the Anti-Christian Edicts in 1612, Adami was deported to Macau in November 1614. Yama was also exiled to Macau.

Return to Japan
Adami return to Amakusa in Kyushu, Japan, in July 1618, with several Japanese monks and remained in Oyano (now Kami-Amakusa) until 1619. However, persecution in Kyushu had become so severe that he went to Oshu in 1620, the northeastern part of Honshu (Japan’s main island), where he engaged in missionary work with Yama. Adami lived at the seminary of Inawashiro, near Wakamatsu, the capital of Aizu in Oshu. Inawashiro was ruled by Echigo (Sadatoshi) Oka, a zealous Christian hailing from Kyushu who had been a servant of Leo Ujisato Gamo, a Christian feudal load in Aizu. Pope Paul V sent a statement of encouragement to the Christians in Japan that reached Aizu the same year. Seventeen Christian leaders in Oshu including Paul Chozaemon Shibayama, Joam Kiuemon Omori, Syusui Nakamaki, and Sandaiyu Sakamoto sent a letter of thanks to the Pope in 1621.

Infighting at Inawashiro Castle and Martyrdom in Nagasaki
In a letter dated 10 June 1623 regarding missionary work from April 1622 to April 1623 in Yonezawa, Wakamatsu, Mogami region, Adami reported that infighting and persecution began in Inawashiro after Echigo became ill. Saemonsuke Oka, a nephew of Echigo, was baptised but later committed apostasy. He assaulted the wives of vassals and asked Echigo to become an apostate. Saemonsuke also forced a son of Echigo to commit apostasy. He died at a young age. Four days after his son’s death, Echigo died in an accident. A son-in-law of Echigo died of illness four months later, and Saemonsuke became the lord of the castle in Inawashiro. Even in these circumstances, 732 people from the area were baptised between April 1622 and April 1623, and over 400 more people were baptised by June 1623. The martyrdom of Dewa (now Yamagata) in Oshu was reported by Adami in 1624. Even so, a further 360 people were baptised in Kaneyama, in Aizu. Tadasato Gamo, a grandson of Ujisato, abandoned his Christian faith on the advice of Saemonsuke and began to persecute Christians. Adami wandered and stayed with Shibayama and the other Christians in Aizu who were also later martyred. Cosmo Kazue Hayashi, a long-time vassal and the treasurer of Inawashiro Castle, was martyred by decapitation in Aizu by order of Saemonsuke in 1626. Adami headed to Nagasaki in 1630 through Edo (now Tokyo). Yama remained at the church of Aizu and was sent to Edo and martyred in 1632 at the age of 66. Adami was captured and martyred at the gallows and the pit in Nagasaki on 22 September 1633, one day after Julian Nakaura, a beatus, was martyred at the same place and in the same manner. Adami was 57 years old at the time of his martyrdom.

Notes

References
 Schutter, Josef Franz S. J. (1975). Monumenta Historica Japoniae I: Textus Catalogorum Japoniae 1553-1654. Roma: Monumenta Historica Soc. Iesu.
 Mizobe, Osamu (2002). Life of Matteus Adami and Kirishitan in Aizu. (in Japanese) Sendai: The Catholic Institute Proceedings of Sendai Shirayuri Women’s College, Vol. 7, pp. 1–22.
 Kroehler, Armin H.; Kroehler, Evelyn M. (2006). Kirishitan in Aizu. Aizu: Sashimaya Printing Co.
 Matsuda, Kiichi; Kawasaki,Momota; Roger Machin (1987). Jesuit Letters from Japan in the XVIth and XVIIth Centuries in the Library of Kyoto University of the Foreign Studies. Kyoto: Duohoushya, .

1576 births
1633 deaths
16th-century Italian Jesuits
17th-century Italian Jesuits
Jesuit missionaries
Italian Roman Catholic missionaries
Jesuit martyrs
17th-century executions by Japan
People executed by Japan by hanging
17th-century Roman Catholic martyrs
Jesuit missionaries in Japan
Italian expatriates in Japan
Italian people executed abroad


title: Harrel

text:
Harrel is a surname. It may refer to the following notable people:

 David Harrel (1841–1939), Irish police officer and civil servant
 Donny Harrel (born 1969), American college baseball coach
 Frédérique Harrel, London-based fashion blogger
 Rod Harrel (born 1960), American actor, writer, and director

See also
Harrell (name), given name and surname


title: Astragalus aspindzicus

text:
Astragalus aspindzicus, the Aspindzian astragalus, is a species of milkvetch that is endemic to the Meskheti region in southern Georgia.

Distribution and habitat

It can be found on dry stony places in the mid montane zone, between elevations of 1,500–1,800 m. It is threatened by agriculture and road construction.

References

aspindzicus
Endemic flora of Georgia (country)
Vulnerable plants


title: Kinne (Australian TV series)

text:
Kinne is an Australian sketch comedy television series which first aired on 7mate on 8 July 2014. Season 2 began airing on 23 April 2015.

A DVD of the complete series 1 and 2 was released 1 September 2015 exclusively to home entertainment retailer JB Hi-Fi.

Cast
 Troy Kinne
 Shanrah Wakefield
 Elliot Loney
 Nick Cody
 Des Dowling
 CJ Fortuna
 Nicolette Minster
 Nikki Osborne
 Tom Siegert
 Emma-Louise Wilson
 Max Price
 Celia Pacquola
 Josh Lawson
 Ronny Chieng
 Andy Lee

Episodes

Series overview

Season 1 (2014)

Season 2 (2015)

See also
 Kinne Tonight

References

External links

2014 Australian television series debuts
7mate original programming
English-language television shows
2010s Australian comedy television series
Television shows set in Melbourne
Australian television sketch shows


title: Summer Night Concert Schönbrunn

text:
Summer Night Concert Schönbrunn () is an annual free entry outdoor concert in Vienna held by the Vienna Philharmonic. The venue for the concert is the Schönbrunn Palace. It has telecast on PBS in the United States as part of the series Great Performances.

History
The concert began operations in 2004. Rolex began sponsoring it in 2009. As of around that year the concert has crowds of over 100,000.

The concert has performed works by Alexander Borodin, Claude Debussy, Manuel de Falla, Franz Liszt, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Modest Mussorgsky, Niccolò Paganini, Amilcare Ponchielli, Jean Sibelius, Johann Strauss, Richard Strauss, Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky, Giuseppe Verdi, and Richard Wagner. The concert invariably ends with Wiener Blut, by Johann Strauss II.

Conductors
The concert has been conducted by:

 2023: Yannick Nézet-Séguin
 2022: Andris Nelsons
 2021: Daniel Harding
 2020: Valery Gergiev
 2019: Gustavo Dudamel
 2018: Valery Gergiev
 2017: Christoph Eschenbach
 2016: Semyon Bychkov
 2015: Zubin Mehta
 2014: Christoph Eschenbach
 2013: Lorin Maazel
 2012: Gustavo Dudamel
 2011: Valery Gergiev
 2010: Franz Welser-Möst
 2009: Daniel Barenboim
 2008: Georges Prêtre
 2007: Valery Gergiev
 2006: Plácido Domingo
 2005: Zubin Mehta
 2004: Bobby McFerrin

References

External links

 Summer Night Concert Schönbrunn
 Summer Night Concert Schönbrunn
 Summer Night Concert Schönbrunn (website of 2004–2007)
  "Musikgenuss vom Feinsten: "Sommernachtskonzert" 2014 am 29. Mai live in ORF 2 und 3sat" (Archive). ORF.

Classical music concerts
Vienna Philharmonic
Music in Vienna
Entertainment events in Austria
2004 establishments in Austria
Summer events in Austria


title: Palazzo Spinelli di Laurino, Naples

text:
The Palazzo Spinelli di Laurino is a palace, located on the corner of Via Nilo and Via dei Tribunali in central Naples, Italy. A palace at the site was first built in the 15th century, but the present layout, with an elliptical interior courtyard was commissioned by Trojano Spinelli. The courtyard recalls the interior of Palazzo Farnese of Caprarola. The structure is much altered, but still contains in the interior courtyard, a hint of former grandeur with dual ramp staircases, and statuary depicting virtues along rooflines, and a maiolica clock face on a triangular pediment surmounted by a Virgin of the Immaculate Conception.

The palace is just north of the Palazzo d’Afflitto, Palazzo del Panormita, and Palazzo di Ludovico di Bux (number 22) on the narrow alley that is Via Nilo.

References

Palaces in Naples
Baroque architecture in Naples


title: Hunter Archeological Site

text:
The Hunter Archeological Site is a significant prehistoric Native American site in Claremont, New Hampshire. Located near the bridge connecting Claremont and Ascutney, Vermont, the site includes seven levels of occupational evidence, including evidence of at least three longhouses. The oldest dates recorded from evidence gathered during excavations in 1967 were to AD 1300. The site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976.

Setting and archaeological history
The Hunter Site occupies a series of terraces near the bridge between Clarement and Ascutney in western Claremont. Artifacts have been found in soils to a depth of , and appear to represent at least seven different periods of occupation. It is described by archaeologist R. Duncan Mathewson as "one of the most complete records available of Woodland occupation along the upper Connecticut River Valley."

The site was identified by archaeologist Howard Sargent in 1952. In 1967 he conducted some salvage archaeology to recover artifacts that were at risk of disturbance or destruction by the adjacent bridge construction. He then did a more complete excavation of a part of the site near the bridge in 1970. Artifacts recovered in this work include ceramics attributed to the Late Woodland period, charred plant remains, and burials. Structural evidence includes features interpreted as the sites of longhouses. In particular, these later finds suggest that the occupants were culturally related to Native Americans from the New York area.

See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Sullivan County, New Hampshire

References

Archaeological sites on the National Register of Historic Places in New Hampshire
Buildings and structures in Claremont, New Hampshire
National Register of Historic Places in Sullivan County, New Hampshire
Native American history of New Hampshire


title: Nyköping Railway Bridge

text:
The Nyköping Railway Bridge spans the river Nyköpingsån in Nyköping, Sweden.

The original 200 tonne bridge was replaced with a new 320 tonne bridge on 11 August 2008. The new bridge is 51m long, 8m wide and 9m tall.  The former century-old bridge was lifted out using a boom crane and the new bridge was then put into place using the same crane. The process took 10 minutes. With the new bridge, speed on the rail line can be raised from 30 km/h to 130 km/h.

References

Railway bridges in Sweden


title: Brian Evans (rugby union)

text:
Brian Francis Evans  is a New Zealand rugby union coach, and former head coach of the  women's national team.

Career
Evans coached De La Salle College to victory in 2008 in the National First XV Championship. He is currently the principal of Wesley College, Auckland.

Provincial
In 2007 he coached the victorious Auckland Women's team.

International
Evans was appointed Head Coach of the  women's national team in 2009 with Grant Hansen as Assistant Coach.

Evans coached the Black Fern's to success as they won the 2010 Rugby World Cup. In 2011, He took a short break from coaching before returning as Head Coach in 2012.

Evans stepped down as Black Ferns head coach after a poor performance at the 2014 World Cup.

Honours
In the 2011 New Year Honours, Evans was appointed an Officer of the New Zealand Order of Merit (ONZM) for services to women's rugby.

References

Living people
New Zealand rugby union coaches
Place of birth missing (living people)
Year of birth missing (living people)
New Zealand women's national rugby union team coaches


title: Carriedo Fountain

text:
Carriedo Fountain (Spanish: Fuente Carriedo) is a fountain in Santa Cruz, Manila, Philippines. It was built in honor of the 18th-century Capitán General of Manila, Don Francisco Carriedo y Peredo, benefactor of Manila's pipe water system. It was moved three times before its current location at Plaza Santa Cruz, right in front of the Santa Cruz Church.

History

Since pre-colonial times, Manila residents used the Pasig River as their main source of water. The water was filtered through cloth in a tapayan (earthenware cooling jar) and then cleansed with alum. According to José Rizal, the rivers and esteros in Binondo were used as bath, sewer, laundry, fishery, transport and even drinking water. This can be one of the reasons for water-borne epidemics during those periods.

Francisco Carriedo y Peredo (November 7, 1690 – September 1743), a native of Santander, Spain, and general of the Santa Familia galleon, raised funds for the construction of the water system of Manila. He donated ten thousand pesos drawn from his fortune from the Acapulco-Manila investments. He did not live to see his resolve of creating a water system in Manila take fruit.

The system was constructed a century afterwards, through the exhaustive research of the Spanish Franciscan friar Felix Huerta, who was serving as administrator of the San Lazaro Hospital in Manila, using his long-forgotten funds, which Huerta tracked down after going through over 300 documents. Under his urging, the Carriedo Fountain was built in May 1882 as part of the Carriedo water works system and was inaugurated by Governor-General Fernando Primo de Rivera on July 24, 1882. It was named after the man who had conceived of and eventually funded the system, Francisco Carriedo y Peredo (1690–1743).

The fountain was first located at the Rotonda de Sampaloc, the intersection between Legarda, Lacson and Magsaysay streets which today forms the Nagtahan Interchange that separates Sampaloc from Santa Mesa since Don Francisco Carriedo y Peredo reside in Santa Mesa, Manila. The roundabout was cleared in 1976 due to traffic concerns, and the fountain was then transferred to the Balara Filters Park, in front of the Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System (MWSS) building right after they moved from their office in Arroceros, Manila, in the latter part of the 1970s.

Replica

In the 1990s, during the first term of then-Manila Mayor Alfredo Lim, he convinced MWSS administrator Mr. Luis E. V. Sison to bring back the Carriedo Fountain to Manila. MWSS agreed but requested that the fountain be replicated. The company commissioned national artist Napoleon Abueva to replicate the original Carriedo Fountain in the spot where it was relocated. Abueva worked for one year using plaster as the primary material to create a rendition that would not be suspected as a replica.

References

Fountains in Asia
Buildings and structures in Santa Cruz, Manila
Public art in Metro Manila
Cultural Properties of the Philippines in Metro Manila


title: Madres egoístas

text:
Madres egoístas (Selfish mothers) is a Mexican telenovela produced by Juan Osorio for Televisa in 1991.

Enrique Novi, Julieta Rosen, Chantal Andere, and Orlando Carrió starred as the protagonists, while Alberto Mayagoitia and María del Sol starred as the main antagonists.

Plot
Raquel Rivas Cantú, a young orphan and heir to a great fortune, is raised by her housekeeper, Mariana. Mariana is resentful of Raquel because she believes the Rivas Cantú family stole the life she deserved. Raquel eventually marries an honest widower named Pablo. Pablo has a daughter, Carmen, who is studying at a private boarding school.

Raquel and Pablo have another daughter, Gaby. Pablo begins to suspect that Mariana is not the person she appears to be, so he puts Gaby in the care of a nanny on the condition that Mariana never gets close to her.

After four years of immense happiness, one day Mariana sits Gaby down to play in the middle of the street. While driving home, Pablo almost runs over Gaby but manages to see her in time to avoid her. Gaby is not harmed but the shock causes Pablo to have a fatal heart attack, leaving Raquel and Gaby alone. Raquel takes Mariana's advice, given in bad faith, to enroll Gaby in a private boarding school. At this school, Gaby meets Carmen and the two grow up together without knowing they are half-sisters.

Mariana and her son, Felipe, make the life of the Rivas Cantús a nightmare. However, several characters show up later and provide an unexpected turn to this story of love, revenge, and betrayal.

Cast

Julieta Rosen as Raquel Rivas Cantú
Enrique Novi as Pablo Ledesma
Orlando Carrió as Víctor Peralta
Chantal Andere as Carmen Ledesma Arriaga
María del Sol as Mariana González/Magdalena González/Catalina/Dolores
Alberto Mayagoitia as Fernando González/Felipe Godoy/Fernando Rivas-Cantú González
Toño Mauri as Maximiliano "Max" Báez
Laura Sotelo as Ivonne/Dora Silvana
Lilian Macías as Gabriela "Gaby" Ledesma Rivas-Cantú
Oscar Servin as Refugio "Cuca"
Manolita Saval as Rosario Urióstegui
Roberto Cañedo as Joaquín Urióstegui
Tere Valadez as Ofelia
Rafael Amador as Gerardo
Anahí as Gabriela "Gaby" Cantú (child)
Dina de Marco as Jacinta Arriaga
Justo Martínez as Severo Arriaga
Roberto Sosa as Salvador "Chava" Godinez
Maty Huitrón as Mina Báez
Claudio Obregón as Alberto Báez
Gerardo Acuña as Raymundo Cooper
Diana Golden as Ana Cervantes
Fernando Colunga as Jorge
Laura Martí as Sara Báez
Tere Mondragón as Rufina Noriega
Norma De Anda as Inés
Maricruz Nájera as Natalia Blinder
Rafael del Villar as Héctor Cruz
Gustavo Navarro as Hugo Peralta
Lucía Hernández as Iris
Héctor Cruz Lara as Horacio
Jalil Succar as Antonio
Antonio Miguel as Lucio
Alicia Osorio as Maestra Lilia Rangel
Grecia as Maestra Alarcón
Gabriela Michell as Maestra Piedad
Irina Areu as Ms. Ferriz
Renata de los Ríos as Aurora
Denisse Castillo as Cata
Alexandra Pérez as Flora
Chantal Guedy as Ema
Ondina as Celeste
Roberto Garza Leal as Alfredo
Yuliana Peniche as Carmen (child)
Jair de Rubín as Hugo (child)
Carlos Fuentes as Maximiliano (child)
Salvador González as Chava (child)
Paola Rojas as Carmen (newborn)
Leonor Llausás as Josefa
Leonor Bonilla as Avelina
Miguel Gutiérrez as Olegario
Scarlet Maceira as Rosenda
Guillermo Larrea as Memo'
Guillermo Rivas as Bonifacio "Boni" Salgado
Tony Marcín as Rosaura
Jeannette Candiani as Maribel
David Montenegro as Salvador Martín del Campo
Alejandro del Castillo as Teniente Hernández
John Pike as Gómez Williams
Nubel Espino as Dr. Albores
Mario Iván Martínez as Iván Escandón
Philippe Amand as Pierre
Roque Casanova as Polignac
Lizbeth Ramirez as Rosaly
Bruno Schwebel as Mr. Duvall
Tara Parra as Sol Deschamps
Carlos Espinoza as Dr. Pizano
Roberto Estrada as Lic. Torres
Lilian Davis as Alicia
Mario Erosa as Bank manager
Laura Zaizar as Mrs. Landis
Rosalba Castellanos as Paca
Helio Castillo as Gaby's Teacher
Carl Hillos as Manuel
José Olivares as Pancho
Marisol Cazzaro as Joaquina
Ángel Heredia as Doctor of Red Cross
Arnoldo Picasso as Carlos
Walter Medina as Raúl
Anabel Pompa as Lilia
Mauricio Bonet as Pollo
Beatriz Zazueta as Estela
Roberto Ruy as Lic. Mendoza
Sagrario Baena as Amalia de Ramírez
Miguel Gómez Checa as Álvarez
Diana Torres as Adriana Nava
Fernando Pinkus as Sergio
Grace Nenna as Niebla
Enrique Hidalgo as Dr. Schultz
Judith Velasco Herrera as Lic. Pilar Zaldain
Cynthia Zurita as Blanca
Dora Luz Alcalá as Herlinda
Alejandro Villeli as Dr. Martínez
Tere Suárez as Mrs. Monasterios
Astrid Margarita as Lidia
Galia Larrea as Nurse
Patricia Hernández as Nurse
Guillermo Puente as Counselor
Licia Suárez as Elena
Federico Valdés as Auditor
Miguel Serros as Agent #1
Rubén Herrera as Agente #2

References

External links

1991 telenovelas
1991 Mexican television series debuts
1991 Mexican television series endings
Spanish-language telenovelas
Television shows set in Mexico
Televisa telenovelas


title: The Endless River

text:
The Endless River is the 15th and final studio album by English rock band Pink Floyd, released in November 2014 by Parlophone Records in Europe and Columbia Records in the rest of the world. It was the third Pink Floyd album recorded under the leadership of guitarist David Gilmour after the departure of bassist Roger Waters in 1985, and the first following the death of keyboardist Richard Wright in 2008, who appears posthumously.

The Endless River is a double-album that comprises mainly instrumental and ambient music composed on material recorded during sessions for the previous Pink Floyd album, The Division Bell (1994). Additional material was recorded in 2013 and 2014 on Gilmour's Astoria boat studio and in Medina Studios in Hove, England. It was produced by Gilmour, Youth, Andy Jackson and Phil Manzanera. Only one track, "Louder than Words", has lead vocals. After the death of longtime Pink Floyd artist Storm Thorgerson in 2013, the cover was created by artist Ahmed Emad Eldin, design company Stylorouge and Aubrey Powell, co-founder of Thorgerson's design company Hipgnosis.

The Endless River was promoted with the "Louder than Words" single and artwork installations in cities around the world. It became the most pre-ordered album of all time on Amazon UK and debuted at number one in several countries. The vinyl edition was the fastest-selling UK vinyl release since 1997. The album received mixed reviews: some critics praised the nostalgic mood, while others found it unambitious or meandering.

Recording

The Endless River is based on music recorded during the sessions for Pink Floyd's previous studio album, The Division Bell (1994). The Division Bell was recorded in 1993 and 1994 in Britannia Row Studios in London, and on the Astoria boat studio, belonging to guitarist David Gilmour. Pink Floyd recorded hours of music during the sessions; the engineer Andy Jackson edited it into an hour-long ambient composition tentatively titled The Big Spliff, but the band did not release it.

Keyboardist Richard Wright died of cancer on 15 September 2008. In 2013, Gilmour and drummer Nick Mason decided to revisit the unused Division Bell recordings to make a new album, rerecording parts, adding new ones, and using modern studio technology. Gilmour said: "With Rick gone, and with him the chance of ever doing it again, it feels right that these revisited and reworked tracks should be made available as part of our repertoire." Only a small part of The Big Spliff was used.

Gilmour asked guitarist and producer Phil Manzanera, who co-produced his 2006 solo album On an Island, to work on the material. Manzanera, Jackson and engineer Damon Iddins spent six weeks assembling four 14-minute pieces. Gilmour gave two pieces to producer Youth, who added guitar and bass parts. In November 2013, Gilmour led sessions with Manzanera, Youth and Jackson to record material with Mason, saxophonist Gilad Atzmon and bassist Guy Pratt. Vocalists including Durga McBroom recorded backing vocals, and Gilmour recorded lead vocals on "Louder than Words", with lyrics by his wife, author Polly Samson. Bassist and songwriter Roger Waters, who left Pink Floyd in 1985, was not involved.

"Autumn '68", named in reference to the 1970 Pink Floyd song "Summer '68", features a recording of Wright playing the Royal Albert Hall pipe organ during the rehearsal for Pink Floyd's show at Royal Albert Hall on 26 June 1969. "Talkin' Hawkin contains a sample of scientist Stephen Hawking's speech taken from a British Telecom commercial also sampled for The Division Bell on "Keep Talking". Mason received writing credits for "Sum", and "Skins", a two-and-a-half-minute drum solo. Gilmour said The Endless River would be Pink Floyd's last album, saying: "I think we have successfully commandeered the best of what there is ... It's a shame, but this is the end." Mason concurred, stating that he "believed it would probably be the last Pink Floyd album."

Composition
The Endless River comprises four pieces, which form a continuous flow of mostly ambient and instrumental music. Gilmour said: "Unapologetically, this is for the generation that wants to put its headphones on, lie in a beanbag, or whatever, and get off on a piece of music for an extended period of time. You could say it’s not for the iTunes, downloading-individual-tracks generation." Mason described the album as a tribute to Wright: "I think this record is a good way of recognising a lot of what he does and how his playing was at the heart of the Pink Floyd sound. Listening back to the sessions, it really brought home to me what a special player he was."

"Louder than Words" is the only track with a lead vocal. Samson wrote the lyrics after observing the band's interaction during the rehearsals for their 2005 Live 8 reunion, their first performance with Waters in over 24 years. She said: "What struck me was, they never spoke ... It’s not hostile, they just don’t speak. And then they step onto a stage and musically that communication is extraordinary." The album title is taken from a lyric on the last track of The Division Bell, "High Hopes": "The water flowing / The endless river / For ever and ever." Gilmour said it suggested a continuum between the records.

Packaging
The Endless River cover art depicts a young man punting a Thames skiff across a sea of clouds towards the sun. After the death of longtime Pink Floyd artist Storm Thorgerson in 2013, Pink Floyd collaborated with Aubrey Powell, co-founder of Thorgerson's design company Hipgnosis. Powell discovered 18-year-old Egyptian artist Ahmed Emad Eldin and asked to use the concept from his piece Beyond the Sky for The Endless River.  Eldin was a Pink Floyd fan and accepted enthusiastically. Powell felt Ahmed's concept had "an instant Floydian resonance", and described it as "enigmatic and open to interpretation". The final cover is a recreation of Eldin's work by London design firm Stylorouge.  Powell felt that the cover summed up the title and music, and was appropriate for the recording on the Thames.

The Endless River was also released in boxed DVD and Blu-ray "deluxe" editions, containing a 24-page hardback book, postcards, and a bonus disc of three additional tracks and six music videos. The DVD edition includes the album in Dolby Digital and DTS 5.1 surround sound, plus a 48 kHz /24 bit stereo version. The Blu-ray has DTS Master Audio and PCM, 96/24 5.1 surround and a PCM stereo 96/24 version.

Promotion

Pink Floyd were affected by the sale of EMI to the Universal Music Group, which lasted from 2011 to 2013. The European Commission and the Federal Trade Commission approved the sale with conditions, including the sale of certain EMI assets. Pink Floyd, along with many other bands under the EMI roster, were transferred to different labels during the process. The Parlophone Label Group was formed under Parlophone as one of many assets to be sold off by Universal following the acquisition of EMI, with Pink Floyd transferred to the Parlophone Label Group during the sale. The Warner Music Group, in 2013, struck a deal with Universal to buy the Parlophone Label Group from EMI, acquiring publishing rights to Pink Floyd's back catalog and future releases in the process.

In a tweet on 5 July 2014, Samson released the album title and a projected release window of October 2014 to pre-empt a tabloid newspaper report. The announcement was followed by backing vocalist Durga McBroom posting a photo of her alongside Gilmour in the recording studio. Details about The Endless River were announced on Pink Floyd's website on 7 July.

Pink Floyd and Parlophone unveiled The Endless River on 22 September 2014, including the release date, artwork and track listing, accompanied by a promotional website, a hyperstitial for the Pink Floyd website. The site featured an artist's statement, photographs from the Division Bell sessions, pre-order details and two teasers, one featuring a 30-second snippet of "It's What We Do", and a television advertisement, featuring the album's geometric-based artwork. Pre-orders on physical and digital formats started the same day.  Prominent installations of the album's artwork were placed around the world, including a four-sided 8m tall billboard placed in South Bank, London, and large-scale poster advertisements in cities such as Berlin, Paris, Los Angeles, Milan, New York and Sydney.

The album's only single, "Louder than Words", premiered on Chris Evans' breakfast show on BBC Radio 2 as a shortened radio edit. Gilmour and Mason appeared in an interview for BBC Radio 6 Music to promote the album and to discuss Wright's contributions. The track "Allons-y (1)" was made available to download from the iTunes Store on 4 November 2014. In the week before release, The Endless River became the most pre-ordered album in Amazon UK's history; the following week, the record was broken by III by Take That. There was no Endless River tour, as Gilmour said it was impossible without Wright.

Critical reception

On the review aggregator site Metacritic, The Endless River has a score of 58 based on 24 reviews, indicating "mixed or average reviews".

Ludovic Hunter-Tilney of the Financial Times praised the nostalgic "Floydian" sound, reminiscent of Pink Floyd's work prior to The Wall (1979), and wrote: "How fitting that a band so accustomed to loss should close their account with an engrossing elegy to their own past." Cameron Cooper of The Music gave the album three and a half out of five, writing that it felt "less like a swansong and more like a final homage ... the lack of vocals gives the music more freedom, allowing it to speak for itself". In The Guardian, Alexis Petridis described it as "not a new album from an extant band, but an echo from the past – or a last, warm but slightly awkward group hug ... on those terms, it works just fine". He praised the lead single and final track "Louder than Words" as "stately, poignant and open-hearted". In Rolling Stone, David Fricke wrote: "Wright was the steady, binding majesty in the Floyd's explorations. This album is an unexpected, welcome epitaph." The Observer wrote that the album is "an understated affair but unmistakably the Floyd ... a pretty good way to call it a day."

J.C. Maçek III of PopMatters wrote: "Without the vocals, something is very clearly missing and the listener is left wanting more. While this makes for a good album, The Endless River is not quite fitting to serve as the final album of the greatest rock band of their kind, to say nothing of one of the greatest rock bands of any kind ever to perform." Andy Gill of The Independent called it "just aimless jamming, one long thread of Dave Gilmour's guitar against Rick Wright's pastel keyboards and Nick Mason's tentative percussion, with nary a melody of any distinction alighted upon for the duration .... without the sparking creativity of a Syd or Roger, all that's left is ghastly faux-psychedelic dinner-party muzak." The NME wrote that The Endless River was "a collection of spruced-up outtakes ... On those limited terms it works well enough, and it's interesting from a certain geeky perspective, but it's never quite as satisfying or substantial as you want it to be." Pitchfork wrote that The Endless River "is quintessentially and self-consciously Pink Floyd, for better or for worse ... it proves to be one of the few Pink Floyd releases that sounds like a step backwards, with nothing new to say and no new frontiers to explore." Mikael Wood of the Los Angeles Times called it "so excruciatingly dull (even by Pink Floyd's often-dull standards) that the band's name on the cover feels like a straight-up bait-and-switch".

Commercial performance
In the week before its release, The Endless River displaced Four by One Direction as the most pre-ordered album of all time on Amazon UK. It debuted at number one on the UK Albums Chart, with sales totaling 139,351 the third highest opening sales week of 2014, making it Pink Floyd's sixth UK number one. As of 27 November 2014, the vinyl edition had sold 6,000 copies, making it the fastest-selling UK vinyl release of 2014 and the fastest-selling since 1997. The album also debuted at number one in several other countries, including France, Germany, Portugal, Ireland, the Netherlands, Belgium, New Zealand, and Canada. In the US, it debuted at number 3 on the Billboard 200 with 170,000 copies sold in its first week; by January 2015, it had sold 355,000 copies there. Worldwide, The Endless River sold over 2.5 million copies in 2014.

Track listing
All tracks produced by David Gilmour, Phil Manzanera, Youth and Andy Jackson.

Personnel
Adapted from the 2014 release

Pink Floyd
David Gilmour – guitars , EBow guitar , lead vocals , backing vocals , keyboards , piano , EMS VCS 3 , bass guitar , Hammond organ , percussion , voice samples , producer
Nick Mason – drums , percussion , rototoms , gong , voice samples
Richard Wright – Hammond organ , Farfisa organ , Royal Albert Hall Organ , piano , Rhodes piano , electric piano , keyboards , synthesiser , voice samples

Additional musicians
Guy Pratt – bass guitar
Bob Ezrin – bass guitar , additional keyboards , co-producer 1993 sessions
Andy Jackson – bass guitar , effects , engineer, producer, mixing, mastering of bonus content on DVD and Blu-ray
Jon Carin – synthesisers , percussion loop
Damon Iddins – additional keyboards
Anthony Moore – keyboards
Gilad Atzmon – tenor saxophone , clarinet
Durga McBroom – backing vocals
Louise Marshall – backing vocals
Sarah Brown – backing vocals
Stephen Hawking – voice sample
Youth – producer, additional programming, engineering, sound design, assorted synthesisers and keyboards
Eddie Bander – additional programming, engineering, sound design, assorted synthesisers and keyboards
Michael Rendall – additional programming, engineering, sound design, assorted synthesisers and keyboards
 Escala:
 Chantal Leverton – viola
 Victoria Lyon – violin
 Helen Nash – cello
 Honor Watson – violin

Production and design
Phil Manzanera – producer
Damon Iddins – engineer
James Guthrie – mastering for CD
Joel Plante – mastering for CD
Doug Sax – mastering for the vinyl issue
Aubrey Powell – creative director
Stylorouge – sleeve design
Ahmed Emad Eldin – album cover concept

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Decade-end charts

Certifications

Release schedule

Adaptations

 Ian Emes, a British artist and film director, and Pink Floyd's original animator, created a film using The Endless River music that was released in 2019.

See also

List of music released posthumously

References

Bibliography

External links
The Endless River promotional website

2014 albums
albums produced by David Gilmour
albums produced by Phil Manzanera
albums produced by Youth (musician)
albums published posthumously
albums with cover art by Hipgnosis
ambient albums by English artists
blues rock albums by English artists
Columbia Records albums
Parlophone albums
Pink Floyd albums
Warner Records albums


title: 1956 Montana gubernatorial election

text:
The 1956 Montana gubernatorial election took place on November 6, 1956. Incumbent Governor of Montana J. Hugo Aronson, who was first elected Governor in 1952, ran for re-election. He was unopposed in the Republican primary and advanced to the general election, where he faced Arnold Olsen, the Attorney General of Montana and the Democratic nominee. Despite the fact that then-President Dwight D. Eisenhower won the state in a landslide that year in the presidential election, Aronson only narrowly defeated Arnold to win his second and final term as governor.

Democratic primary

Candidates
Arnold Olsen, Attorney General of Montana
John W. Bonner, former Governor of Montana
Danny O'Neill, livestock man
J. M. Nickey

Results

Republican primary

Candidates
J. Hugo Aronson, incumbent Governor of Montana

Results

General election

Results

References

Montana
Gubernatorial
1956
November 1956 events in the United States


title: Astragalus coarctatus

text:
Astragalus coarctatus is a species of milkvetch that is endemic to northeastern Turkey, and is only known from its type specimen, collected in 1871 in Kars Province.

References

coarctatus
Endemic flora of Turkey

Species known from a single specimen


title: Kenyon Bridge

text:
The Kenyon Bridge, also known as the Blacksmith Shop Bridge, is a historic covered bridge spanning Mill Brook near Town House Road in Cornish, New Hampshire, United States. Built in 1882, it is one of New Hampshire's few surviving 19th-century covered bridges. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.

Description and history
The Kenyon Bridge is located in a wooded rural setting, a short way east of Town House Road about  south of its junction with Center Road. It spans Mill Brook in a roughly east-west orientation. It is  long and  wide, with a roadbed  long and  wide. The bridge rests on dry-laid stone abutments. The bridge's multiple kingpost trusses are sheltered by a sheet metal roof, with vertical plank siding covering the lower 1/3 of the trusses. Each truss consists of 28 panel sections between 29 posts.

The bridge was built in 1882 by James Frederick Tasker (1826–1903), a local builder well known for his bridges. Its historic name, Blacksmith Shop Bridge, derives from a shop nearby owned by blacksmith John Fellows. It underwent a major rehabilitation in 1963. It is now closed to vehicular traffic, but open to pedestrians.

Images

See also

Other covered bridges in Cornish
Blow-Me-Down Covered Bridge
Cornish-Windsor Covered Bridge
Dingleton Hill Covered Bridge

Covered bridges in nearby West Windsor, Vermont
Best's Covered Bridge
Bowers Covered Bridge

Other bridges elsewhere
List of bridges documented by the Historic American Engineering Record in New Hampshire
List of bridges on the National Register of Historic Places in New Hampshire
List of bridges on the National Register of Historic Places in Vermont
List of covered bridges in Vermont
List of crossings of the Connecticut River
List of New Hampshire covered bridges
National Register of Historic Places listings in Sullivan County, New Hampshire

References

External links

New Hampshire DHR page on the bridge (dated info)

Road bridges on the National Register of Historic Places in New Hampshire
Bridges completed in 1882
Bridges in Sullivan County, New Hampshire
Historic American Engineering Record in New Hampshire
National Register of Historic Places in Sullivan County, New Hampshire
Cornish, New Hampshire
Wooden bridges in New Hampshire
Covered bridges in New Hampshire
King post truss bridges in the United States


title: Crazy Russian Folk and Roll

text:
Crazy Russian Folk And Roll Music is a 1995 album by Russian folk rock group Limpopo, who later became the Red Elvises.

Track listing

 Gop-Stop
 Porushcka-Porania
 Korobeyniki
 My Angel
 By the Blue, Blue Sea
 Nese Galya Vodu
 Rok Eraund Ze Klok
 My Husband the Sailor
 Besa Me Mucho
 Ochi Chorniye
 Candle
 Katiusha
 Moscow Nights
 Traditional Russian Rock'n'Roll
 Those Were the Days
 Chastushki
 Wap-Pap
 You Let Me Down/Fried Chicken
 Special Russian Folk Song
 Kalinka

External links
 Official site

1995 albums
Red Elvises albums


title: Astragalus pendulus

text:
Astragalus pendulus, synonym Astragalus coelestis, is a species of milkvetch native to Iran, the Transcaucasus and Turkey.

Conservation
Astragalus coelestis was assessed as "data deficient" in the 2006 IUCN Red List, where it is said to be native only to Armenia, occurring on Mount Bug-Dag in the Sevan area on slopes at about 2,200 m elevation. , A. coelestis was regarded as a synonym of Astragalus pendulus, which has a wider distribution, including Iran and Turkey.

References

pendulus
Flora of Iran
Flora of the Transcaucasus
Flora of Turkey


title: 1952 Montana gubernatorial election

text:
The 1952 Montana gubernatorial election took place on November 4, 1952. Incumbent Governor of Montana John W. Bonner, who was first elected governor in 1948, ran for re-election. He was unopposed in the Democratic primary and moved on to the general election, where he was opposed by J. Hugo Aronson, a State Senator and the Republican nominee. A close election ensued, with Aronson narrowly defeating Bonner to win the first of his two terms as governor.

Democratic primary

Candidates
John W. Bonner, incumbent Governor of Montana

Results

Republican primary

Candidates
J. Hugo Aronson, State Senator
Leonard C. Young

Results

General election

Results

References

Montana
Gubernatorial
1952
November 1952 events in the United States


title: Steve Austin's Broken Skull Challenge

text:
Steve Austin’s Broken Skull Challenge is an American reality television competition show that premiered on July 6, 2014, on CMT. It is created and hosted by former professional wrestler Steve Austin. The fifth and final season was announced by CMT on August 9, 2017, and premiered on September 26. The final episode of the series aired on December 19, 2017.

Series overview
Each episode of Steve Austin's Broken Skull Challenge brings a group of eight contestants, either all men or all women, to the "Broken Skull Ranch" to compete in a series of physical challenges.  In an interview with KMTV-TV, Austin revealed that the actual location was not the real Broken Skull Ranch, which is owned and operated by Austin near Tilden, Texas, but an area just outside of Los Angeles designed to represent his ranch. The Santa Clarita Valley's website confirmed the location to be a private property represented by Agua Dulce Movie Ranch in Agua Dulce, California.  The contestants are selected from athletic backgrounds, including CrossFit, Spartan Racers, Tough Mudder, mixed martial arts (MMA), and pro wrestling.  The contestants are eliminated in a series of competitions with the last one standing facing a tough obstacle course known as the Skullbuster.

The first contestant in the series to successfully complete all elements of the Skullbuster wins $10,000, is declared champion, and sets the time to beat for subsequent contestants. Men and women have separate champions. If a contestant completes the course in a shorter time, he/she becomes the new champion and receives $10,000, and that time becomes the new benchmark. However, every time a contestant either fails to beat the champion's time or does not complete the course at all, the current champion wins an additional $10,000. During the first season, no prize money was awarded until the first successful completion of the Skullbuster. The course has been modified at the start of each new season, and the previous season's champion is given the first opportunity to run it and set the time to beat.

Elimination challenges
In each episode, the eight contestants face off in head-to-head competitions in a single-elimination bracket format.  The first round bracket match-ups are chosen at random.  The challenges vary in their format, but are generally very physically demanding and often involve physical contact between the two contestants.  In addition, all competitions take place outdoors in hot, desert-like conditions, so the contestants are also battling the elements of the weather. Austin first explains the challenge to the contestants and to the viewers, then provides verbal encouragement to the contestants and somewhat of a play-by-play analysis of the competition while it is ongoing.

The Pit
The final two contestants face off in a two-part challenge.  The first part is not an elimination challenge; it is designed to wear down the contestants.  Once the first part is completed, both contestants proceed immediately into the Pit to determine a winner.  The Pit is always featured as the final individual challenge to determine the episode's overall winner, with no rest period except for the player who completed the previous challenge first.  Beginning in the second season, a rule was instituted that the second contestant must enter the Pit within one minute of the first contestant or he/she is disqualified.  The Pit is a circular dirt ring resembling an amateur wrestling circle or a sumo wrestling ring, measuring 15 feet wide.  Once both players have entered the Pit, a signal is given, and the two contestants wrestle each other.  The first person able to force their opponent out of the ring is declared the winner.  Takedowns may occur but they do not apply toward the final outcome.  The style of the Pit is very similar to the Conquer portion of the Breakthrough & Conquer event of American Gladiators.

Skullbuster
After a day's rest, the winner of the elimination challenges moves on to face the Skullbuster, a 1/2-mile-long obstacle course with ten obstacles. Some of the obstacles are identified as "restart elements"; if the contestant fails to complete one of these satisfactorily, he/she must return to its beginning for another attempt. If at any time the contestant decides not to continue, the current champion wins by default. The Skullbuster has been modified at the beginning of each season after the first, and the previous season's champion is given the first opportunity to run it and set the time for future contestants to beat.

Awards and honors

Production notes
Plans for the show's third season were briefly called into question when the show's crew walked off the job on July 22, 2015, halting production. The crew struck seeking union representation with the International Alliance of Theatrical Stage Employees.  The strike was successfully resolved on August 2, 2015, and production resumed the next day.

References

External links
 CMT.com - Steve Austin's Broken Skull Challenge
 Steve Austin, Broken Skull Ranch

CMT (American TV channel) original programming
2010s American reality television series
2014 American television series debuts
2017 American television series endings
English-language television shows
Television series by 51 Minds Entertainment
Television series by Endemol


title: Colobotheini

text:
Colobotheini is a tribe of longhorn beetles of the subfamily Lamiinae.

Taxonomy
The tribe Colobotheini contains the following genera:

 Apechtes
 Carneades
 Carterica
 Cathexis
 Colobothea
 Colobothina
 Hilobothea
 Nodubothea
 Priscilla
 Sangaris
 Sparna
 Sympleurotis

References


title: Quietdale

text:
Quietdale (also known as the Mrs. William Robinson House) is a historic residence in Huntsville, Alabama, US. The house was built in 1854 for Caroline Moore Robinson, the widow of Madison County Sheriff William Robinson. It represents a shift in architecture from Neoclassical to the more eclectic forms that became prominent in the late 19th century.

The main block of the house is rectangular, with an ell off the rear and a two-story porch following the ell. The hipped roof is truncated to form a rooftop deck.  A two-story, three-room, servants' quarters is connected to the house via the porch. Centered on the façade is a single-story hipped roof porch supported by six slender, octagonal columns with corbelled arches in the architraves. A similar porch extends along the west side of the house. Five large six-over-six sash windows stretch across the second floor, while the side of the house has two windows centered between two chimneys, with another window outside of them. There were originally two separate staircases which led to the divided second floor, but they were combined and the second floor joined by the second owner, Erskine Mastin.

The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

References

National Register of Historic Places in Huntsville, Alabama
Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Alabama
Houses completed in 1854
Houses in Huntsville, Alabama


title: Joan Sione

text:
Joan Sione (born 30 January 1986) is a female rugby union player. She represented  and Auckland.

Biography
Sione made her international debut against Scotland on 29 June 2005 at Ottawa. Sione was a member of the 2010 Women's Rugby World Cup winning squad. She scored the winning try that sealed the Black Ferns a finals place.

References

External links
Black Ferns Profile

1986 births
Living people
New Zealand women's international rugby union players
New Zealand female rugby union players


title: Compsosomatini

text:
Compsosomatini is a tribe of longhorn beetles of the subfamily Lamiinae.

Taxonomy
 Aerenea
 Antennaerenea
 Brasiliosoma
 Compsosoma
 Cristaerenea
 Desmiphoropsis
 Eusphaerium
 Laraesima
 Paracompsosoma
 Parapythais
 Pythais
 Tessarecphora
 Tucales

References

Lamiinae


title: Cyrtinini

text:
Cyrtinini is a tribe of longhorn beetles of the subfamily Lamiinae.

Taxonomy
 Boricyrtinus
 Brachyrhabdus
 Cyrtillus
 Cyrtinus
 Decarthria
 Diastophya
 Gracilosphya
 Haplorhabdus
 Leptocyrtinus
 Odontorhabdus
 Oloessa
 Omosarotes
 Sciocyrtinus
 Scopadus

References


title: Vida robada (1991 TV series)

text:
Vida robada (English title: Stolen life) is a Mexican telenovela produced by Carlos Sotomayor for Televisa in 1991. It is a remake of 1974 Mexican telenovela Ha llegado una intrusa.

Erika Buenfil and Sergio Goyri starred as protagonists, while Cynthia Klitbo and Rosa María Bianchi starred as antagonists.

Plot
Gabriela is a good and generous young woman studying at a university, without knowing who pays for her education since she has no family. After a series of circumstances, she decides to replace a classmate Leticia, a rich and vicious girl who after escaping never returned home.

Cast

 Erika Buenfil as Gabriela Durán Carrasco/Leticia Avelar
 Sergio Goyri as Carlos Medina
 Cynthia Klitbo as Leticia Avelar/Verónica Almeida  (antagonist)
 Fernando Luján as Don Ramón Avelar
 Rosa María Bianchi as Irene Avelar (antagonist)
 Sonia Furió as Carlota Carvajal
 Fernando Sáenz as Gabino
 Queta Carrasco as Juventina
 Romina Castro as Anaísa
 Juan Carlos Colombo as Ernesto Lascuráin"
 Joaquín Garrido as Cuco Constantino Costas as Tony Hansen José Antonio Ferral as Pancho Raúl Magaña as Luis Silvia Mariscal as Daniela Guy de Saint Cyr as Guillermo Alvarado Jacqueline Munguía as Rosita Aída Naredo as Corina Juan Felipe Preciado as Anselmo Medina Martha Resnikoff as 'Lupe
 Luis Rivera as Rubén Carvajal
 Sergio Sánchez as Felipe
 Yadira Santana as Nelly Carvajal
 Jorge Urzúa as Jorge
 Lucy Tame as Claudia
 Dacia Arcaráz as Leonor Carvajal
 Benjamín Islas as Inspector
 Brenda Oliver
 Fabiola Campomanes
 Dinorah Cavazos
 Eva Díaz
 Israel Jaitovich
 Luis Ángel Nerey
 José Antonio Sánchez
 Fernando Rivera
 Estela Ruiz

References

External links

1991 telenovelas
1991 Mexican television series debuts
1992 Mexican television series endings
Spanish-language telenovelas
Television shows set in Mexico
Televisa telenovelas