title: Transformers: Robots in Disguise (2015 TV series)

text:
Transformers: Robots in Disguise is an American animated robot superhero television series for children produced by Hasbro Studios and Darby Pop Productions in the United States for Cartoon Network. It was also animated by Polygon Pictures in Japan. It is the stand-alone sequel
to Transformers: Prime that ran from 2010 to 2013 on The Hub Network, featuring characters (most of whose voice actors reprise their roles) and storylines mostly self-contained from the events of its predecessor as well as an overall more lighthearted tone. Roberto Orci and Alex Kurtzman (the executive producers of Prime) did not return to the new series. In the United States, the series ran on Cartoon Network from March 14, 2015, to November 11, 2017.

The show's second season, featuring guest appearances from some returning Transformers: Prime characters, premiered on February 20, 2016. A six-episode mini-series centered on the return of Starscream premiered in Canada on September 10, 2016, before debuting on U.S television the following month. The third and final season, subtitled Combiner Force, aired from April 29, 2017, to November 11, 2017.

It was the first Transformers series to feature Bumblebee as the main protagonist rather than Optimus Prime, the leader of the Autobots and the main protagonist in most of the other series (though Optimus appears in a semi-regular role throughout Robots in Disguise).

Plot

Season 1
Three years after life was restored to the planet Cybertron, a new generation of Transformers enjoy a new age of prosperity. Earth no longer remembers the Decepticon-Autobot conflict as the Cybertronians stopped visiting the planet. Bumblebee has since become a seasoned Cybertronian police officer and despite his fame, he chooses to be a humble peacekeeper. Things change when he is summoned by the vision of Optimus Prime. Thought to be long dead after restoring Cybertron's population, Optimus Prime calls for Bumblebee to return to Earth as a new threat appears.

With the help of Sideswipe (a rebel punk "bad boy bot") and Strongarm (an Elite Guard cadet partnered to him), the trio makes it to Earth to discover a crashed maximum security prison ship called the Alchemor and its steward Fixit (a hyperactive Mini-Con with faulty wiring). They soon learn the Alchemor had "a couple hundred" Decepticon prisoners within Stasis Pods, but all of its inmates have escaped. It is now their duty to recapture all the escaped Decepticon prisoners before they cause further harm on Earth. With the aid of humans Russell and Denny Clay and the Dinobot Grimlock (who was a prisoner of Alchemor for committing property damage before siding with Bumblebee), Bumblebee leads this unlikely team to protect Earth from the Decepticon prisoners and restore order. During their mission they often clash with Steeljaw who soon forms his own group of fellow Decepticon prisoners (consisting of the metal-eating Underbite, crime boss Thunderhoof, stranded bounty hunter Fracture and his Mini-Con partners Airazor and Divebomb, and cowardly informant Clampdown) to contend with the Autobots and attempt to conquer Earth.

The Autobots are later joined with the likes of former Decepticon turned Autobot bounty hunter and samurai Drift, his Mini-Con partners and students Slipstream and Jetstorm, the female warrior Windblade, and Optimus Prime, who returns from the dead in the wake of the arrival of the Fallen and traitorous prime Megatronus, who was the one that crashed the Alchemor to free the prisoners (and subsequently blackmailed Steeljaw into helping him escape his imprisonment) and who the Thirteen Primes have been preparing Optimus for. During the battle against Megatronus, Bumblebee, Sideswipe, and Strongarm realize they can combine their Decepticon hunters together and become more powerful. With this new knowledge, the Autobots prevail, seemingly destroying Megatronus with a powerful energy beam, and apprehending Underbite, Thunderhoof, Fracture, and Clampdown, though Steeljaw escapes. Bumblebee then finally overcomes his insecurities of being a worthy leader, finding his perfect rallying cry ("Rev up and Roll out!"), and chooses to remain on Earth to protect it from any other potential future threats, as do the rest of his team, including Optimus, who states that from now on he will be Bumblebee's equal rather than leader, to which Bumblebee agrees.

Season 2
Weeks after Megatronus' defeat, the Autobots continue to deal with the threat of the Decepticon fugitives that are still on Earth. While Steeljaw is still at large, he eventually discovers another group of Decepticons stationed on the crashed remains of a second half of the Alchemor that is dubbed "Decepticon Island" and led by Glowstrike, Scorponok, and Saberhorn. As Optimus is weakened when the immense power he was lent from the Primes is drained by them, the Autobots split into two teams: an Away Team led by Optimus and consisting of Drift, Slipstream, Jetstorm, Sideswipe, and Windblade, and another team led by Bumblebee that remains at their scrapyard base. Along the way, the Autobots run into a strange occurrence in the form of Decepticon criminals who are not listed in the Alchemor prisoner manifest yet have criminal records on Cybertron. At the same time, Steeljaw attempts to prove himself to the Decepticon Island by not only freeing Thunderhoof and Clampdown, but also new prisoners, including criminal Bisk, wrestler Groundpounder, saboteur Overload, anarchist Quillfire, and mythical city hunter Springload, to be his "elite warriors."

During this time, Optimus slowly recovers his strength and teaches his team valuable lessons about teamwork. Fixit eventually repairs the Autobots' Ground Bridge, which was destroyed by an explosion that occurred after he originally dispatched the Away Team; however, a malfunction allows the Decepticon Soundwave (who was trapped in the Shadowzone - a parallel dimension where anyone and anything becomes completely invisible and can't interact with normal space, as if they were out of phase - in the season 3 finale of Transformers: Prime) to escape. Soundwave then attempts to contact the former Decepticon leader Megatron (who went into a self-induced exile following the events of Predacons Rising) and have him return to Earth, but is thwarted by Team Bee and returned to the Shadowzone.

As the two Autobot teams are reunited, they pair up with the Autobot medical officer and Optimus and Bumblebee's old friend and teammate Ratchet, along with his Mini-Con Undertone, to apprehend the rest of the Decepticons on Decepticon Island. Using a Stasis Bomb, they manage to place Decepticons in stasis, while Bumblebee and Optimus, aided by Fixit and his fellow Caretaker Mini-Cons who were enslaved, defeat Steeljaw. Following their victory, Optimus Prime, Ratchet, Windblade, and the Caretaker Mini-Cons repair the ship and return all Decepticon prisoners to Cybertron, as Bumblebee and his team reside on Earth.

Miniseries
Shortly after the Autobots' victory on Decepticon Island, a group of Decepticon Scavengers arrive on Earth looking for relics from the Great War; they have been partnered with Weaponizer Mini-Cons, a breed of Mini-Cons who can control the bodies of their wielder and grant team great powers. At the same time, Starscream (who was presumed dead after the events of Predacons Rising) revealed that he killed the Predacons (minus Predaking) using weapons horded by Megatron, makes an unexpected return, and is aided by a trio of bounty hunters - Shadelock, RoughEdge, and Razorhorn - in his quest for the powerful Dark Star Saber and the Weaponizer Mini-Cons, intending to use them to rebuild the Decepticon Empire and exact revenge on Megatron for all of the abuse he inflicted upon him. Upon learning the truth from the Mini-Con Sawtooth, the Weaponizers abandon the Scavengers and later ally themselves with the Autobots, aiding them in their battle against Starscream. Ultimately, all the Decepticons, including Starscream, are defeated and placed onto Optimus' ship alongside the Dark Star Saber, who leaves to deliver them to the Cybertronian Authorities. The Weaponizers thank the Autobots for saving them and then they leave in their Sub-Orbital Craft (which Fixit both fixed and modified for space travel) with the intent of "going where they will never be found".

Season 3: Combiner Force
Sometime after their victory against Starscream and the Scavengers, Team Bee crosses paths with the Stunticons, a group of Decepticons consisting of Motormaster, Dragstrip, Slashmark, Heatseeker, and Wildbreak, who can combine to form the massive Menasor. In order to combat this new threat, the Autobots need to learn how to combine themselves, becoming Ultra Bee.

Following the Stunticons' defeat, Optimus Prime has them and several other Decepticons that have been captured recently stored away in his ship so he could return them to Cybertron. He also enlists Drift and his Mini-Con students to accompany him for a special mission. Meanwhile, Soundwave attempts to escape from the Shadowzone once again, aided by a group of Activator Mini-Cons, and Steeljaw, Underbite, Thunderhoof, Quillfire, and Clampdown also return to cause more problems for the Autobots, attempting to capture Team Bee for their mysterious benefactors on Cybertron who arranged for them to be pardoned of their respective crimes. Soundwave eventually escapes from the Shadowzone and is revealed to also be allied with Steeljaw's mysterious benefactors, but is defeated by Team Bee before he could activate a beacon to summon Megatron, and subsequently taken back to Cybertron by Optimus Prime to stand trial. Soundwave and Steeljaw's mysterious benefactors are later revealed to be the Autobot High Council, who are actually Decepticon infiltrators, usurpers, controllers, and manipulators Cyclonus, Cyberwarp, Riotgear, Skyjack, and Treadshock who have plans to invade Earth. After a battle for the fate of both Earth and Cybertron, the High Council, in their combined form of Galvatronus, are ultimately defeated by Ultra Bee, and the Autobots restore order to Cybertron.

As a new Autobot High Council is formed, Team Bee returns to live on Earth as ambassadors and continue protecting it from any possible future threats while working to find Steeljaw who is still at large.

Characters

Bumblebee
Optimus Prime
Strongarm
Sideswipe

Episodes

Cast

Main cast
 Stuart Allan - Russell Clay, Toddler Son (ep. 35)
 Eric Bauza - Drift, Headlock, Pseudo, Silverhound, Back, Forth, Lt. Ziegler (ep. 17), Look-Out (ep. 23), Male Tourist (ep. 24), Police Officer (ep. 26), Scoutmaster #2 (ep. 28), Major Mayhem (ep. 37), Scientist (ep. 48), Radio Commercial Announcer (ep. 51), Instructor (ep. 55), Computer Voice (ep. 56)
 Darren Criss - Sideswipe, Son (ep. 28)
 Will Friedle - Bumblebee, Ultra Bee, Butch, Righty, Dispatcher (ep. 1), Motorist (ep. 5), Junior (ep. 7), Security Guard (ep. 10), Game Voice (ep. 12), Father (ep. 28), Security Guard (ep. 34)
 Ted McGinley - Denny Clay, Sea Captain (ep. 3)
 Khary Payton - Grimlock, Bisk, Divebomb, Newsman (ep. 1, 54), Dad (ep. 7), Operator (ep. 10), Bot (ep. 15), Anchorman (ep. 30), Stadium Announcer (ep. 34), Impound Lot Guard (ep. 35), Dispatcher (ep. 46), Proctor #1 (ep. 56)
 Mitchell Whitfield - Fixit, Toolbox, Cinch, Groundskeeper (ep. 4), Museum Staff Member (ep. 5), TV Announcer (ep. 11), Major Mayhem (ep. 37)
 Constance Zimmer - Strongarm, Filch, Wingcode, Matronly Docent (ep. 1, 46), Ship's Computer (ep. 18)

Additional voices
 Jonathan Adams - Razorpaw
 Carlos Alazraqui - Hammer, Anvil, Nigel (ep. 34)
 Dee Bradley Baker - Bludgeon, Clout
 Troy Baker - Steeljaw, Vector Prime, Arnold (ep. 6), Blue Car Driver (ep. 14)
 Jeff Bennett - Axiom, Theorem
 Gregg Berger - Stockade, Major Mayhem (ep. 37)
 Ted Biaselli - Octopunch
 Steve Blum - Starscream, Backtrack, Ransack, Polarclaw, Aerobolt
 Kate Bond - Casey (ep. 19, 55)
 Victor Brandt - Scorponok
 Jeffrey Combs - Ratchet
 Ian James Corlett - Shadow Raker
 Peter Cullen - Orion Pax/Optimus Prime
 Jim Cummings - Clampdown, Thermidor, Vehicon Sentry #1 (ep. 38)
 Eddie Deezen - Ped
 Trevor Devall - Hermit (ep. 46, 47), Patrolman #2 (ep. 46)
 John DiMaggio - Groundpounder, Farnum (ep. 19)
 Robin Atkin Downes - Jacknab, Pilfer, Flamesnort
 Chris Edgerly - Crustacion, Video Game Voice (ep. 48)
 Dave Fennoy - Overload
 Crispin Freeman - Sawtooth
 Bailey Gambertoglio - Hank
 Gil Gerard - Megatronus Prime/The Fallen
 Brooke Goldner - Cyberwarp
 Grey Griffin - Glowstrike
 Jackée Harry - Zizza
 Mark Hildreth - Scowl, Automated Announcer (ep. 22)
 David Hunt - Chop Shop
 Danny Jacobs - Brother Gunter (ep. 42)
 John Katovsich - Larry LaRue (ep. 7)
 David Kaye - Hammerstrike, Slashmark, Announcer (ep. 55)
 Mikey Kelley - Heatseeker, Heatmark, Opposing Captain (ep. 46)
 Tom Kenny - Nightstrike, Police Officer (ep. 15)
 Arif S. Kinchen - Jazz
Matthew Yang King - Simacore, Computer Voice (ep. 32)
 Maurice LaMarche - Dragstrip, Dragbreak
 Harry Lennix - Cyclonus
 Erica Lindbeck - Windblade (season 3)
 Yuri Lowenthal - Glacius
 Edie McClurg - Realtor (ep. 41)
 Andy Milder - Quillfire, Father (ep. 35)
 Max Mittelman - Blurr
 Liam O'Brien - Underbite, Kickback, Cybertron Museum Guard #1 (ep. 1)
 Adrian Pasdar - Micronus Prime
 Rick Pasqualone - Buzzstrike
 Lori Petty - Nightra
 Kevin Pollak - Fracture, Tour Boat Captain (ep. 14)
 Kevin Michael Richardson - Bulkhead, Terrashock, Gallery Narrator (ep. 5)
 Robbie Rist - Tricerashot, Swelter
 John Steven Rocha - Springload
 Daniel Roebuck - Malodor, Computer Voice (ep. 13)
 Charlie Schlatter - Vertebreak
 David Sheinkopf - Dropforge
 Roger Craig Smith - Slipstream, Jetstorm, Airazor, Blastwave, Scoutmaster #1 (ep. 28), Major Mayhem (ep. 37)
 Andre Sogliuzzo - Clawtrap
 Kath Soucie - Tour Guide (ep. 24)
 Jason Spisak - Paralon
 Frank Stallone - Thunderhoof
 Raymond Stein - Police Officer (ep. 7)
 Christopher Swindle - Ragebyte
 Fred Tatasciore - Saberhorn, Night Watchman (ep. 29), Vehicon Guard #1 (ep. 38)
 James Arnold Taylor - Crazybolt, Boostwing, Arnold (ep. 30), Teenage Boy (ep. 53)
 Kirk Thornton - Shadelock
 Robin Weigert - Scatterspike
 Frank Welker - Soundwave, Mayor's Secretary (ep. 66)
 Gary Anthony Williams - Slicedice, Dad (ep. 30)
 Travis Willingham - Motormaster, Menasor
 Dave Wittenberg - Wildbreak
 Kristy Wu - Windblade (seasons 1–2), Newswoman (ep. 5), Woman's Voice (ep. 10), Pilot (ep. 23), Mother (ep. 28)
 Michael Yurchak - Zorillor

Broadcast

United States
The series was originally planned to premiere on what was known as the Hub Network (a joint venture between Hasbro and Discovery Communications). However, on October 7, 2014, just days before the channel's re-branding as Discovery Family that took place on October 13, it was announced that the series would premiere on Cartoon Network instead. Hasbro Studios president Stephen Davis felt that Cartoon Network was a more appropriate home for a Transformers series due to its male-oriented demographics, having felt that Hub Network had been skewed towards girls. Previous animated Transformers series had also aired on Cartoon Network prior to the launch of the joint venture and Hasbro Studios.

The series debuted with a special prime time premiere of the two-part pilot on March 14, 2015, followed by the regular time slot debut, starting with an encore of "Pilot" Pt. 1, on March 21.

Season 2 ran from February 20 to May 14, 2016. The six-part miniseries premiered on October 22 and concluded on December 3.

Season 3 ran from April 29 to November 11, 2017. It was the third and final season.

International

On January 13, 2015, it was announced that Cartoon Network has acquired the rights to broadcast the series worldwide, similarly to the global distribution of Prime before it.

Several countries have premiered the series before the United States. On February 9, Canal J premiered the series in France, making it the first in the world to broadcast it on television. On March 2, Biggs premiered it in Portugal. In Italy, K2 aired the pilot on March 7, followed by the official premiere on March 9. On March 13, Cartoon Network Arabic premiered the Arabic version of the series .

Among English-speaking countries, Cartoon Network in Australia was first to debut the series, having premiered it on February 21. On March 7, the series debuted on two versions of Cartoon Network, one available in the United Kingdom, Ireland and Malta, the other broadcasting in English to Greece, Greek Cyprus, the Middle East and Africa. In Canada, the show premiered on Teletoon on March 21. The series was premiered on May 23, 2015, on Cartoon Network India. The series also aired on Toonami in India in English and on Voot, a viacom18 app in Hindi-dubbed version. It also aired on Cartoon Network Hd+ in India until July 2019. In Croatia, the series debuted on April 23, 2018, in RTL Kockica channel.

Season 1 made its debut on CITV weekday morning lineup on January 4, 2016. Season 2 first aired on CITV in March 2016 in the UK.

In Japan, where the two preceding toy lines to Transformers —Diaclone and Microman— were created, the series was premiered on March 15, 2015, on Animax under the local title of . First season had a break after episode 13 on June 14, and resumed on September 20 with episode 14. The songs "Save the Future!!" and "Try (Transformers: Adventure)"  replace the original opening and closing themes, respectively. Takara Tomy, the company that has been representing Transformers franchise in Japan since its inception under the pre-merger Takara, is marketing and promoting associated toys on behalf of Hasbro.

Home media
Shout Factory  released the first five episodes onto DVD titled A New Autobot Mission on October 27, 2015. They released the complete first season on May 10, 2016.

In Australia, Beyond Home Entertainment released the complete first season onto DVD on September 1, 2015; they also released a single-disc DVD comprising the first seven episodes on the same day.

References

External links

  at Cartoon Network
  at Hasbro Studios
 Transformers: Robots in Disguise at Transformers Wiki

Cartoon Network original programming
2010s American animated television series
2015 American television series debuts
2017 American television series endings
2010s American science fiction television series
Television shows set in the United States
English-language television shows
Anime-influenced Western animated television series
Polygon Pictures
American sequel television series
Robots in Disguise (2015 TV series)
Television series by Hasbro Studios
American children's animated action television series
American children's animated adventure television series
American children's animated science fantasy television series
American children's animated superhero television series
Robot superheroes


title: Hopea jucunda

text:
Hopea jucunda is a species of plant in the family Dipterocarpaceae. It is endemic to the island of Sri Lanka.

Uses
Wood - construction timber.

Culture
Known as  () in Sinhala.

Sources

 http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/Taxbrowser_Taxonpage?taxid=443594
 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/244514431_Balanocarpol_a_new_polyphenol_from_Balanocarpus_zeylanicus(trimen)_and_Hopea_jucunda(Thw.)(Dipterocarpaceae)
 http://plants.jstor.org/specimen/k000700737
 http://pubs.rsc.org/en/Content/ArticleLanding/1985/P1/P19850001807
 http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl/record/kew-2853186

jucunda
Endemic flora of Sri Lanka
Trees of Sri Lanka
Critically endangered flora of Asia
Taxobox binomials not recognized by IUCN


title: Taylor Village, New Brunswick

text:
Taylor Village is an unincorporated community in Westmorland County, New Brunswick. The community is situated in Southeastern New Brunswick, to the south-east of Moncton.

History

Notable people

See also
List of communities in New Brunswick

Bordering communities

References

Communities in Westmorland County, New Brunswick
Communities in Greater Moncton


title: António Xavier Machado e Cerveira

text:
António Xavier Machado e Cerveira (, Anadia, 1 September 1756-Caxias, 14 September 1828) was a Portuguese organ builder. He is considered one of the most remarkable Portuguese Baroque organ builders.

Built instruments

1756 births
1828 deaths
People from Anadia, Portugal
Portuguese pipe organ builders


title: Kalyan Banerjee

text:
Kalyan Banerjee may refer to:

 Kalyan Banerjee (Rotary International) (born 1942), president of Rotary International
 Kalyan Banerjee (politician) (born 1957), Indian politician
 Kalyan Banerjee (homoeopath) (born 1949), Indian homoeopath


title: Institut auf dem Rosenberg

text:
Institut auf dem Rosenberg, often referred to as Rosenberg, is a private, family-run, international boarding school located in St. Gallen, Switzerland. Established in 1889 by Elrich Schmidt, Rosenberg was originally known as Institut Dr Schmidt and gained its current name in the 1930s after the death of its founder.

Owned and managed by the Gademann family, Rosenberg is among the most expensive schools in the world, maintains a strict policy of secrecy regarding the names of its alumni, and unlike most other private institutions, does not accept donations of any kind. As of 2019, it had a student body of around 300 students drawn from 48 nationalities.

The Swiss educational reformer Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi inspired the philosophy of the school and one of his quotes, "to learn to live is the goal of all education", is reflected in the motto.

History
The Institut auf dem Rosenberg was founded in 1889 by Ulrich Schmidt and originally carried the name of the founder, Institut Dr. Schmidt. With the death of the school's founder in 1924, the school was renamed and acquired by the Gademann family in the 1930s.

The school developed multiple sections due to its international character, each of which prepared students to sit different qualifications; these were Swiss, German, Italian, and Anglo-American. By the 1960's the Anglo-American section of the school typically had around 60 pupils aged between eleven and eighteen. Irrespective of country of origin, the bulk of the international students would also sit for the American SAT. During this period the staff turnover was apparently high. Milton Toubkin, an educationist who founded Southbank International School, argued the school at this time was more concerned with money than academic standards.

Bernhard Gademann, who was a pupil in the 1980's, is the fourth generation of his family to head the school, and took over after a prior career in finance and technology.

Admissions
Rosenberg has a limited student body and has been described as among the more exclusive Swiss boarding schools. Families are encouraged to apply early as spaces are allocated on a first-come basis and judged on merit; although, in theory, it is possible for a new student to join after the academic year begins. Successful entry depends on passing a personal interview and an admissions exam.

Various figures have been suggested for the total enrollment. A 2019 article in the magazine Air Mail claimed 300 students from 48 different nationalities, while the South China Morning Post reported in the same year that "no more than 260" are enrolled. Other sources have repeated a lower figure of 230.

Fees
As of 2019, Rosenberg is the most expensive school in the world when both tuition and boarding costs are taken into account.

The base fee covering academic tuition, school meals and similar is CHF. Additional fees for housing, extracurriculars and personal expenses amount to CHF on average. This makes for a combined cost in dollars of around $150,000 per year.

Academic curriculum

Rosenberg prepares its students for a broad range of external exams including the IGCEs, A-Levels, Advanced Placement (AP’s), the International Baccalaureate (IB) as well as the GIB DP Programme (German International Baccalaureate). Additionally, Rosenberg is an official testing centre for CEFR A1-C2 (including Cambridge, Goethe, DELF), SAT and the IELTS.

An important element of the school is the Rosenberg International Curriculum (RIC), which enables students to supplement core classes with a variety of co-curricular courses. More than 60 such courses are available, examples being 'Wealth Creation & Investment', 'The Art of Strategy & Game Theory', 'Biotechnology', and 'Applied Robotics'. In a 2019 interview, Headmaster Gademann boasted that "we teach pretty much anything from international law to product design and entrepreneurship".

There is a strong focus on creativity and interpersonal skills alongside academic elements in general. Individual Development Plan (IDP) specialists design plans for each student. Such plans are described by the school itself as a way of ensuring student interests and ambitions are matched to their aspirations for university and beyond. It is claimed this "artisanal guidance" means students receive an education most appropriate to them and encourage them to take more ownership over their learning.

For 2021, Rosenberg students scored an average of 38 on the IB, compared to a worldwide average of 33. It is not uncommon for students to take qualifications and courses ahead of their age group.

Institut auf dem Rosenberg offers a range of summer camps and winter courses that provide language lessons with skills development.

Accreditation
The school is a member of the Swiss Federation of Private Schools (SFPS) as well as the Swiss Group of International Schools (SGIS).

By Swiss authorities
Rosenberg's Kindergarten, primary education programs (Pre-School and Primary School, grades 1–5) and lower secondary education program (Middle School, grades 6–8) are accredited by the bureau for elementary school (Amt für Volksschule), department for education (Bildungsdepartement), canton of St. Gallen.

Rosenberg's upper secondary education programs (High School, grades 9–12) is not accredited by the department of education (Bildungsdepartement), canton of St. Gallen, nor by the Swiss Federal State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation (SERI).

By international authorities
Institut auf dem Rosenberg is internationally accredited by Cognia (formerly AdvancED). The school is a member of the European Council of International Schools and accredited for the International Baccalaureate (IB) - Diploma Programme.

Campus life

The Rosenberg campus is 100,000m² of private parkland. Students are housed in restored art-nouveau villas according to gender and age. These feature single or double rooms with en-suite bathrooms.

One of the social highlights of the year is the Rosenberg Ball, for which pupils are coached by professionals for two months in preparation.

Sport
Owing to its location between Lake Constance and the Alpstein mountain range, Rosenberg provides the chance to ski in winter and take advantage of other outdoor activities. Ice skating, mountain biking, football, golf, swimming, volleyball and basketball are examples of the numerous sports on offer.

Uniform
There is no official school uniform but a formal dress code comprising suits for boys and skirts for girls. This applies from Monday to Friday during breakfast, lunch, and academic lessons. Smart casual is acceptable at dinner and on the weekend.

Awards and recognition
The school was recognised as the "Most Prestigious International Boarding School" in 2019 by Corporate Vision Magazine.

Notable alumni

Rosenberg alumni form a close, international network that helps them in their later careers. The school operates a "strict privacy policy" and does not confirm or deny names of current or former students, although  the case of Mario J. Molina, winner of the 1995 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, is a notable exception.

Information on alumni therefore depends on either personal admission or media reports. Those known to have completed at least part of their education at Rosenberg include, in addition to the previously mentioned Molina, businessman and landowner Karl Friedrich, Prince of Hohenzollern, mathematician Walter Rudin, and the playboy photographer Gunter Sachs. The exiled Russian businessman Mikhail Khodorkovsky is said to have educated his children at Rosenberg.

The school's reluctance to discuss the names of famous former students is said to reflect a "quiet confidence" in the quality of its product. Gademann has claimed that both "Silicon Valley figures" and members of "industrial dynasties" have attended Rosenberg.

Notable staff
The German writer W.G. Sebald taught for a year at the school from 1969–1970.

See also
 Institut Le Rosey
 Eton College
 Phillips Exeter Academy

Notes

References

External links
 Official website
 Official website Summer School

Private schools in Switzerland
Boarding schools in Switzerland
Italian international schools in Switzerland

Educational institutions established in 1889
1889 establishments in Switzerland


title: Al Cherney

text:
Alexander Peter Chernywech (November 1, 1932 – August 25, 1989) recording as Al Cherny,  was a Canadian fiddler. He studied with Frank Nowak and played country music on CHAT-FM.

Cherney won the Canadian Old Time Fiddlers' Contest in Ontario, under the novelty class from 1959 to 1961 and the open class in both 1960 and 1961.

In the early 1970s, he was a leading studio musician, recording with musician like Gary Buck, Dick Damron, Tommy Hunter, Jesse Winchester and Sylvia Tyson. He released more than ten studio albums and received an RPM Big Country Award for Top Country Instrumentalist in 1978.

From 1964, until his passing in 1989, Cherny was a regular, featured musician on the CBC's The Tommy Hunter Show.  Cherny met Tommy Hunter when he worked at CKNX in Wingham, Ontario.

Legacy
He was posthumously inducted into the Canadian Country Music Hall of Fame in 1989. He also performed regularly on The Tommy Hunter Show, until his death in 1989, of lung cancer.

Discography

Albums

Singles

References

External links

 as Cherney
 as Cherny
Al Cherney on The Canadian Encyclopedia

1989 deaths
1932 births
20th-century Canadian violinists and fiddlers
Canadian folk fiddlers
Canadian male violinists and fiddlers
Deaths from lung cancer
Musicians from Alberta
People from Medicine Hat
20th-century Canadian male musicians


The 1988 United States House of Representatives elections in Virginia were held on November 8, 1988 to determine who will represent the Commonwealth of Virginia in the United States House of Representatives. Virginia had ten seats in the House, apportioned according to the 1980 United States census. Representatives are elected for two-year terms.

Overview

1st district

2nd district
Curry, who was black, received 8.5% of the black vote.

3rd district

4th district

5th district
Lewis F. Payne Jr. won election to the U.S. House in a special election held on June 14, 1988, following the death of Dan Daniel. Linda Lugenia Arey, a former White House aide, won the Republican nomination against W. Onico Barker. Jerry Falwell supported Arey due to Barker opposing a tax break for Liberty University, Following her defeat Arey withdrew from the general election and was replaced by Charles R. Hawkins.

Payne was the only incumbent U.S. Representative in Virginia to receive less than 60% of the vote.

6th district

7th district

8th district

9th district

10th district
Only 2.7% of registered voters participated in the Democratic primary.

References

Works cited

See also

 United States House elections, 1988

Virginia
1988
1988 Virginia elections


title: David Webb (anti-censorship campaigner)

text:
David Alec Webb (6 March 1931 – 30 June 2012) was a British actor and anti-censorship campaigner.

Early life
Webb was born in Luton, the second child and only son of Alec Webb, and attended Luton Grammar School from 1942 to 1950. He completed his National Service from 1950 to 1952, and trained at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art from 1952 to 1954.

Career
In 1954 he joined the York Repertory Company, in 1955 the Bromley Repertory Company, and from 1955 to 1956 he toured in the play Love From Judy. He worked in television from the late 1950s onwards appearing in scores of programmes including Emergency Ward 10, Dixon of Dock Green, and Doctor Who, among many others. He featured briefly in Battle of Britain as an unnamed RAF officer.

NCROPA
In April 1976, he set up the anti-censorship pressure group, the National Campaign for the Repeal of the 1959 Obscene Publications Act; this was later amended to National Campaign for the Reform of the Obscene Publications Acts (NCROPA).

NCROPA was very active from its inception through the 1980s, and in 1983 Webb stood as the anti-censorship candidate against the incumbent Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher in her Finchley constituency. He was also a member of the Campaign Against Censorship. By the late 1990s, NCROPA was effectively moribund, and in December 2014, NCROPA was formally merged with the CAC.

Personal life
David Webb was unmarried. He was a secular humanist.

Death
He died at Trinity Hospice, Clapham, and was cremated at Mortlake Crematorium on 17 July 2012.

References

External links

The David Webb Virtual Archive & Fan Site
The NCROPA Virtual Archive
Libertarian Alliance documents, including unpublished material by David Webb
NCROPA archives, at the Modern Records Centre, University of Warwick

1931 births
2012 deaths
People from Luton
English male stage actors
English male television actors
English humanists
Secular humanists
Censorship in the United Kingdom
Alumni of RADA
English atheists


title: Old Blanco County Courthouse

text:
Old Blanco County Courthouse is located on the corner of 3rd and Main Streets in Blanco,  in the U.S. state of Texas. Designed by architect Frederick Ernst Ruffini in the Second Empire style, it opened in 1886. When the county seat was moved to Johnson City in 1890, the old courthouse was repurposed as an office building. For almost a decade beginning in 1893, it was used as classrooms for local students while a new schoolhouse was being built, and in again 1919 when the schoolhouse fell into disrepair. For the next half century, the building served multiple tenants, including banks, tax collectors, entertainment venues, a museum, a restaurant and the local newspaper. For 24 years, the old courthouse was the area hospital. It was designated a Recorded Texas Historic Landmark in 1972.

It was purchased in 1986 by a private individual at Stonewall who planned to move it to his property. Local citizenry immediately responded by forming the Old Blanco County Courthouse Preservation Society to save the building, and by pressing the Blanco City Council to designate an Historical District ordinance to prevent the same fate from happening to other historic structures. The Society's initial effort of a bake sale raised a meager $750.00 to save the courthouse. The campaign eventually received nationwide press coverage, and garnered support and donations from high-profile individuals in Texas.  Upon a successful outcome of their efforts, the old building underwent an exterior renovation. Texas Governor George W. Bush presided over the 1998 re-opening of the courthouse.

Currently, the old courthouse is a multi-use building being leased to business tenants and rented out for special events. The Coen brothers filmed the building's interior for the 2010 film True Grit.

See also

National Register of Historic Places listings in Blanco County, Texas
Recorded Texas Historic Landmarks in Blanco County
List of county courthouses in Texas

References

External links

Government buildings completed in 1886
Buildings and structures in Blanco County, Texas
County courthouses in Texas
Recorded Texas Historic Landmarks
Tourist attractions in Blanco County, Texas


title: Woodhurst, New Brunswick

text:
Woodhurst is an unincorporated community in Westmorland County, New Brunswick. The community is situated in Southeastern New Brunswick, to the south-east of Moncton.  Woodhurst is part of Greater Moncton.

History

Notable people

See also
List of communities in New Brunswick

Bordering communities

References

Communities in Westmorland County, New Brunswick
Communities in Greater Moncton


title: Offshore Raiding Craft

text:
The Offshore Raiding Craft (ORC) is a small, fast boat used by the Royal Marines for troop insertion, and patrols. The ORC is primarily used when undertaking strategic raiding missions, where speed and covertness is desired. However, it is equally capable when conducting larger scale amphibious operations alongside the larger and more traditional LCACs, LCUs and LCVPs.

There are two variants of the ORC:
 Mid Console Variant (MCV),  the Fire Support Variant
 Aft Console Variant (ACV),  the Troop Carrying Variant

See also
List of active Royal Marines military watercraft
Combat Rubber Raiding Craft

References

External links
Royal Marines - Landing Craft (royalnavy.mod.uk)
Video - HMS Bulwark - Offshore Raiding Craft (youtube.com)

Amphibious warfare vessels of the United Kingdom
Landing craft
Royal Marines
Military boats


title: Tsavo Trust

text:
The Tsavo Trust is a non-profit wildlife conservation organisation, which covers Tsavo East National Park, Tsavo West National Park, and Chyulu Hills National Park in Kenya.  The trust was founded by Nzioki Wa Makau (Chairman of the Board) and Richard Moller who is chief executive officer and an experienced bush pilot.  The started aim of the trust is the protection of wildlife, especially African elephants, and the reduction of the ivory trade. In June 2014, the Tsavo Trust came into the international spotlight when it announced the death of Kenya's iconic and most well-known elephant, Satao, killed by an ivory poacher with a poisoned arrow.

The Tsavo ecosystem consists of  or arid and semi arid land in southern Kenya. The national parks within this region are managed by Kenya Wildlife Service.  Around the parks, but within the Tsavo ecosystem, are a number of small towns, villages, ranches, and farms.  Contained in this system is the largest population of African elephants in Kenya, numbering 14,964 as of 2021.

There are a number of critical issues in the Tsavo ecosystem which include: a high rate of poverty among the people in the region, poor access to education and healthcare, degradation of habitat, ethnic conflict over resources, loss of wildlife, and lack of financial and technical resources to deal with these issues.  In this context, the stated mission of the Tsavo Trust is to (1) to safeguard biodiversity and empower communities in the greater Tsavo ecosystem. Tsavo Trust does this by being a crucial partner to the Kenya Wildlife Service,providing support for aerial and ground biodiversity monitoring, anti-poaching and security operations, and attracting funding to the TCA.
Tsavo Trust is also pioneering the establishment of community conservancies in the Tsavo ecosystem (outside of the Taita-Taveta Ranches), providing much needed community development benefits and increasing the habitat available for wildlife.

References

External links
Tsavo Trust Official Site
Tsavo East National Park
Tsavo West National Park
Amboseli National Park
Chyulu Hills National Park

Nature conservation organizations based in Africa
Elephant conservation organizations
Environmental organisations based in Kenya
Wildlife conservation in Kenya


title: Adam's Lament (Pärt)

text:
Adam's Lament (Russian: Адамов плач Adamov plach) is a 2009 choral composition in Russian by Estonian composer Arvo Pärt on Silouan of Athos's (Силуан Афонский) version of the old Russian Orthodox lament "Adam's Lament". The work is scored for choir and orchestra, and is a setting of the words of Saint Silouan. Pärt has been reported to say that the fallen Adam of the work  represents "humankind in its entirety and each individual person alike".

Text
The poem by Silouan begins:
"Адам, отец вселенной, в Раю знал сладость любвьи Божией,
И потому, когда был изгнан из Рая за грех и лишился любвьи Божией,
Горько страдал и с великим стоном рыдал на всю пустыню."

"Adam, otets vselennoy, v rayu znal sladost' lyubvi Bozhiyey, i potomu, kogda byl izgnan iz raya za grekh i lishilsya lyubvi Bozhiyey, gor'ko stradal i s velikim stonom rydal na vsyu pustynyu."

"Adam, father of all mankind, in paradise knew the sweetness of the love of God ; and so when for his sin he was driven forth from the garden of Eden, and was widowed of the love of God, he suffered grievously and lamented with a mighty moan. And the whole desert rang with his lamentations." (Translated by Rosemary Edmonds.)

References

2009 compositions
Compositions by Arvo Pärt
Choral compositions


title: Reggie Austin

text:
Reggie Austin may refer to:

 Reggie Austin (American football) (born 1977), former American football player
 Reggie Austin (actor) (born 1979), American actor


title: Gilbertsocrinus

text:
Gilbertsocrinus are an extinct genus of Paleozoic stalked crinoids.

These stationary upper-level epifaunal suspension feeders lived in the Devonian of the Czech Republic and United States, as well as in the Carboniferous of the United Kingdom and United States, from 416.0 to 345.0 Ma.

Species
Grinus tuberosus (Lyon & Casseday)

Description
Gilbertsocrinus are quite common crinoids with some unusual features. They have a flexible column, an unusual holdfast, tegmen appendages and minute arms.

References

Extinct animals of North America
Extinct animals of Europe
Carboniferous crinoids
Devonian crinoids
Devonian first appearances
Carboniferous extinctions


title: Al-Amali (Ibn Babawayh)

text:
Al-Amali () means  "book of dictations". The Al-Amali of Shaykh Saduq is a hadith collection by al-Shaykh al-Saduq, the shia jurist and theologian. Amālī or Majāles (Beirut, 1400/1980), recorded his regular Tuesday and Friday sessions in Nīšāpūr in 367-68/978-79. These dictations consist of miscellaneous traditions, but mostly accounts of the virtues of the Imams. These include the virtues and  moral character of the household of Muhammad and moral exhortations.

Subjects
Amali is a word applied to books in which prominent Muslims expressed their insights and thoughts, which they believed were bestowed upon them by Allah, a  process which is viewed as a tradition among Muslim scholars.

Features
This book is also known as Majlis, because it was collected as a result of meetings among Sheykh Al Sadouq and others. The book includes 97 Majlis.  The first meeting took place in 18th of Rajab month 367 lunar Hijrah. The last summit occurred in Shaban month in Mashhad city near the shrine of imam Ali al-Ridha.

Translation
Muhammad Baqir Kamarei translated the book into Persian. Ali Ibn Muhammad Ibn Asdollah Hoseini Arizi Sepahani Isfahani produced a translation into 11th century lunar Hijrah. Recently this book was translated to Persian by Hosein Abedi. It was translated in Urdu by moulana sundralvi of khushab Pakistan, which was later improved upon by Zishan Haider Zaidi of Lahore Pakistan.

Al-Amali was translated into English in 2022 by Bilal Muhammad. https://thaqalayn.net/book/29

The English translation of Al-Amaali (Shaykh Saduq) was done by Sayed Athar Rizvi and M/s Lantern Publications, Australia has released a bilingual version in Arabic and English, which can be sourced via Shiabooks Australia.(https://www.shiabooks.com.au/collections/new/products/al-amaali-shaykh-saduq-bilingual-edition)

References

External links
 Staff writers, Publication of a new version of al-Amali translation (in Farsi), 15 June 2014
 The translation of al-Amali
 Mohammad Ali Soltani, The translation of al-Amali Vol. 1, (in Farsi), Armaghan Tuba, Qom.
 (https://www.shiabooks.com.au/collections/new/products/al-amaali-shaykh-saduq-bilingual-edition)
Amali Al-Saduq (English translation)

Islamic literature
Shia theology books


title: Marko Avramović

text:
Marko Avramović may refer to:

 Marko Avramović (water polo) (born 1986), Serbian water polo player
 Marko Avramović (footballer) (born 1987), Serbian football midfielder


title: Will Packham

text:
Will Packham (born 13 January 1981) is an English former footballer who played in the Football League for Brighton & Hove Albion. After leaving Brighton in July 2003 Packham went on to play for a number of non-league teams.

References

English men's footballers
English Football League players
1981 births
Living people
Brighton & Hove Albion F.C. players
Farnborough F.C. players
Worthing F.C. players
Bognor Regis Town F.C. players
Fisher Athletic F.C. players
Men's association football goalkeepers
Footballers from Brighton


title: Old Batesburg Grade School

text:
Old Batesburg Grade School, also known as Batesburg Elementary School, is a historic elementary school building located at Batesburg-Leesville, Lexington County, South Carolina. It was built about 1912, and is a two-story, brick Neo-Classical school building with a central tetrastyle portico and flanking pavilions. The central portico has four colossal Tuscan order columns. An auditorium is located at the rear of the building. Wing additions were added about 1945.  It was the town's first public school, housing grades 1–11.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.

As of 2015, the building was used as the administrative offices of Lexington County School District Three.

See also
Batesburg and Leesville schools built with the addition of the Rosenwald Fund

References

School buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Neoclassical architecture in South Carolina
School buildings completed in 1912
Schools in Lexington County, South Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in Lexington County, South Carolina
1912 establishments in South Carolina


title: Nick Greenwood

text:
Nicholas Richard Greenwood (born September 28, 1987) is an American former professional baseball pitcher. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the St. Louis Cardinals.

Career

San Diego Padres
Greenwood was drafted by the San Diego Padres in the 14th round, with the 414th overall selection, of the 2009 Major League Baseball Draft out of the University of Rhode Island, where he played college baseball for the Rhode Island Rams baseball team.

St. Louis Cardinals
He was acquired by the St. Louis Cardinals as part of a three-team trade on July 31, 2010, in which the Padres acquired Ryan Ludwick, the Cleveland Indians acquired Corey Kluber, and the Cardinals also added Jake Westbrook.

The Cardinals called Greenwood up to the majors for the first time on June 15, 2014, when his contract was purchased from the Triple-A Memphis Redbirds. He made his major league debut on June 16, 2014, and pitched for the Cardinals again the next season. He was designated for assignment by the Cardinals on September 9, 2015.

Chicago Cubs
On January 25, 2016, Greenwood signed a minor league contract with the Chicago Cubs. An invite to spring training was also included. He was released in March.

New Britain Bees
On April 7, 2016, Greenwood signed with the New Britain Bees of the Atlantic League of Professional Baseball.

Minnesota Twins
On May 6, 2016, Greenwood signed a minor league deal with the Minnesota Twins. On December 30, Greenwood re-signed with the Twins. He was released on June 10, without having made an appearance for the Twins in 2017 due to injury.

New Britain Bees
On June 20, 2017, Greenwood signed with the New Britain Bees of the Atlantic League of Professional Baseball. He became a free agent after the 2017 season.

References

External links

Rhode Island Rams bio

1987 births
Living people
Águilas Cibaeñas players
American expatriate baseball players in Venezuela
American expatriate baseball players in the Dominican Republic
Baseball players from Connecticut
Bravos de Margarita players
Caribes de Anzoátegui players
Chattanooga Lookouts players
Eugene Emeralds players
Fort Wayne TinCaps players
Major League Baseball pitchers
Memphis Redbirds players
New Britain Bees players
Palm Beach Cardinals players
People from Cromwell, Connecticut
People from Southington, Connecticut
Quad Cities River Bandits players
Rhode Island Rams baseball players
Sportspeople from Hartford County, Connecticut
Springfield Cardinals players
St. Louis Cardinals players
Vermont Mountaineers players


title: 2014 GP du Canton d'Argovie

text:
The 2014 GP du Canton d'Argovie (Frauen Grand Prix Gippingen) the first running of the GP du Canton d'Argovie, a women's bicycle race in Gippingen, Switzerland. It was held on 10 June over a distance of . It was rated by the UCI as a 1.2 category race.

Results

References

2014 in women's road cycling
International cycle races hosted by Switzerland
2014 in Swiss sport


title: Dorchester Cape, New Brunswick

text:
Dorchester Cape is an unincorporated community in Westmorland County, New Brunswick. The community is situated in Southeastern New Brunswick, to the east of Moncton.

History

Notable people

See also
List of communities in New Brunswick

Bordering communities

References

Communities in Westmorland County, New Brunswick


title: Vencer

text:
Vencer is a Dutch niche manufacturer of sports cars. It was founded in 2010 by Robert Cobben. Their current lineup includes the Vencer Sarthe. The hand-built 2015 Sarthe retails from €270,882 and is only available in Europe.

References

Car manufacturers of the Netherlands
Dutch companies established in 2010
Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 2010


title: Tuff Jam

text:
Tuff Jam are a British DJ, music production and remixing duo consisting of Karl 'Tuff Enuff' Brown and Matt 'Jam' Lamont. They began working together in 1993, and were instrumental in developing the UK garage sound. They presented a radio show on London's Kiss 100 from 1997 until 2000.

Biography
Karl 'Tuff Enuff' Brown and Matt 'Jam' Lamont began working together in 1993 after meeting at the London club The Arches, where Lamont had a DJ residency. Brown had previously been in the group Double Trouble, who enjoyed chart success with singles such as "Street Tuff".

They are described as having a "pivotal involvement in the development of the UK underground garage scene." They presented a radio show on London's Kiss FM from 1997 until 2000. Their 1998 single "Need Good Love" reached No. 44 on the UK Singles Chart.

Lamont continues to DJ, whilst Brown launched a record label, 2tuf4u in 2002.

They have produced and remixed an extensive back-catalogue of UK garage releases over the years, as well as mixing several compilations.

In 2013, Tuff Jam appeared alongside many other garage pioneers in a documentary exploring the legacy of UK garage, Rewind 4Ever: The History of UK Garage.

Discography

Singles and EPs
"Spread Love" (feat. Q-Rius) (1995), Casa Trax
The Experience EP (1995), Fifty First
Tuff Jams Vol. 1 (1995), New York Soundclash Records
Unda-Vibes Vol. 1 (with Large Boy) (1995), Casa Trax
"Set It Off" (1996), Fifty First
"Experience" (1996), Fifty First
"Let Me Tell You" (1996), Dansa
"Feel My Love" (as The Jam Experience) / "Track No Name" (1997), Unda-Vybe
"Dangerous" (feat. Mr. X) (1997), Unda-Vybe
"Just Gets Better" (feat. Xavier) (1997), Catch
"Tumblin' Down" (feat. Xavier) (1997), Mucho Soul
"Need Good Love" (1998), Locked On - UK #44
"Reach On Up" (feat. Michael Watford) (1999), Unda-Vybe
Wanting Jesus / Share Your Love / One Day (with Todd Edwards) (1999), i! Records
"Key Dub" (1999), i! Records
"So Excited (Part One)" (feat. Pepper Mashay) (2004), 2tuf4u

Mixes/compilations
Havin' It Stateside II (1996), Havin' It Records
Underground Frequencies Volumes 1/2 (1997 & 1998), Satellite
Speed Garage: The Underground Sound of London (1998), Urban Tracks

References

External links

English house music duos
Male musical duos
UK garage duos
Club DJs
DJs from London
DJ duos
Black British musical groups
Black British DJs
Electronic dance music DJs
Electronic dance music duos
Record production duos
Remixers
Locked On Records artists


title: Lhagba La

text:
Lhagba La or Lhakpa La (meaning "Windy Gap") is a  col about  northeast of Mount Everest in the Tibet Autonomous Region.

It was unknown to local inhabitants until it was discovered and named by the 1921 British Mount Everest reconnaissance expedition when reconnoitring a route to climb the mountain.
Lhagba La is the starting point of the Kharta Glacier which descends eastwards along the valley towards Kharta. The Kharta River is a tributary of the Arun River. On the western side of the col is the East Rongbuk Glacier which flows north from Everest. Lhagba Pool,  below and less than  southwest, was reportedly the second highest lake in the world, but the lake has likely dried up.

Expeditions attempting Everest via the North Col generally arrive up the East Rongbuk Glacier and so do not reach Lhagba La at all. However, when George Mallory and Guy Bullock were trying to reach the North Col, the route from Rongbuk was unknown to them. Instead they approached from the east only to find the glacier did not extend to the North Col. The climbing team eventually had to cross the pass and descend some  to the East Rongbuk Glacier before ascending to the North Col. Their discovery allowed the 1922 British Mount Everest expedition to take the more direct route from the north.

The well-known Yeti footprints were found in this region for the first time in the world probably at the beginning of 19th century. Later it came up into the light through the media. This mystery of "Yeti" is still unsolved.

References

Mount Everest
Mountain passes of the Himalayas
Mountain passes of Tibet
Mountain passes of China


title: Batesburg station

text:
Southern Railway Depot, also known as the Batesburg Boy Scout Hut, is a historic train station located at Batesburg-Leesville, Lexington County, South Carolina. It was built about 1900 by the Southern Railway, and is a one-story weatherboarded frame building with a bellcast hip roof. It has patterned metal shingle roofing and sawn wooden brackets supporting the deep eaves. It was relocated from its original location to its present site about 1960 and used as a meeting place for local Boy Scouts.

The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.

References

Batesburg-Leesburg
Railway stations on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Railway stations in the United States opened in 1900
Buildings and structures in Lexington County, South Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in Lexington County, South Carolina
Former railway stations in South Carolina


title: HMS Lyme Regis (J193)

text:
HMS Lyme Regis was a  built for the Royal Navy during the Second World War.

Design and description
The Bangor class was designed as a small minesweeper that could be easily built in large numbers by civilian shipyards; as steam turbines were difficult to manufacture, the ships were designed to accept a wide variety of engines. Lyme Regis displaced  at standard load and  at deep load. The ship had an overall length of , a beam of  and a draught of . The ship's complement consisted of 60 officers and ratings.

She was powered by two Parsons geared steam turbines, each driving one shaft, using steam provided by two Admiralty three-drum boilers. The engines produced a total of  and gave a maximum speed of . Lyme Regis carried a maximum of  of fuel oil that gave her a range of  at .

The turbine-powered Bangors were armed with a 12-pounder  anti-aircraft gun and a single QF 2-pounder (4 cm) AA gun. In some ships the 2-pounder was replaced a single or twin  20 mm Oerlikon AA gun, while most ships were fitted with four additional single Oerlikon mounts over the course of the war. For escort work, her minesweeping gear could be exchanged for around 40 depth charges.

Construction and career
Ordered in late 1939, Lyme Regis was launched on 19 March 1942 and commissioned on 5 June 1942. Originally named HMS Sunderland, she was renamed after the original Lyme Regis, her sister ship, was transferred to the Royal Indian Navy and became . Lyme Regis was sold for scrap on 24 August 1948 and was scrapped at Sunderland.

References

Bibliography

Bangor-class minesweepers of the Royal Navy
Ships built on the River Clyde
1942 ships
World War II minesweepers of the United Kingdom


title: Ceramics industry in Bangladesh

text:
The ceramics industry is a growing manufacturing sector in Bangladesh. The industry started during the late 1950s when the first ceramic industrial plants were established. The industry mainly produces tableware, sanitaryware and tiles. As of 2011, there were 21 ceramic industrial units throughout Bangladesh, employing about 500,000 people. In the first nine months of the 2013-14 fiscal year, Bangladesh exported about US$36 million worth of goods after meeting 80% of the domestic demand. The main export destinations are the EU, the US and the Middle-east.

History

The first ceramic plant was established in Bogura in 1958. Owned by Tajma Ceramic Industries, it was a small manufacturing plant for porcelain tableware.

Peoples Ceramic Industries, formerly Pakistan Ceramic Industries, started production in 1966.

Bengal Fine Ceramics Ltd, the first Bangladeshi stoneware manufacturer, began its operations in 1986.

One of the largest ceramic manufacturers in Bangladesh, Monno Ceramics, was established in 1985 to produce porcelain tableware with other ceramic items later.

Shinepukur Ceramics was established in 1997 for the production of bone china and porcelain tableware. Shinepukur later captured around 60% of the domestic market.

RAK Ceramics was incorporated in Bangladesh on 26 November 1998 and started its commercial production on 12 November 2000.

Sources of raw material
Some white clay deposits have been discovered in Mymensingh, Sylhet and Netrokona. The largest deposit of white clay is situated at Bijoypur of Mymensingh which was discovered in 1957. However, ceramic manufacturers import almost all of their raw material. China, India, New Zealand and Germany are the main sources of the raw materials.

Foreign investment
The ceramics industry sector has attracted foreign investment. The investments have mainly been from China and the Middle East states. Some of the major joint venture partners are RAK Ceramics, Fu Wang and China-Bangla, of which the largest is RAK of the UAE, and who have about 80% of the domestic sanitaryware market.

Export destinations and international competitors
Ceramic products have been exported to more than 45 countries. The largest export destinations are the United States, Italy, Spain, France, New Zealand, the Netherlands, Australia and Sweden.

China and Thailand are amongst the major competitors in the international market for Bangladeshi ceramic manufacturers. However, the low labour costs of the local manufacturers has put Bangladesh in a strong position.

References

Industry in Bangladesh
Ceramics manufacturers of Bangladesh


title: 1979 in Portugal

text:
Events in the year 1979 in Portugal.

Incumbents
President: António Ramalho Eanes
Prime Minister: Carlos Mota Pinto (until 1 August), Maria de Lourdes Pintasilgo (since 1 August)

Events
 1 August - Establishment of the V Constitutional Government of Portugal.

Culture
Portugal participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 1979 with Manuela Bravo and the song "Sobe, sobe, balão sobe".

Sports
In association football, for the first-tier league seasons, see 1978–79 Primeira Divisão and 1979–80 Primeira Divisão.

References

Portugal
Years of the 20th century in Portugal
Portugal


title: Los Barriles

text:
Los Barriles ("The Barrels") is a town in La Paz Municipality, Baja California Sur, Mexico. As 2020, the town had a population of 1,674 people.

It is situated along Highway 1,  north of San José del Cabo and  south of La Paz. Punta Pescadero Airstrip is  to the north; Rancho Leonero, a vacation resort, is to the south. Adjacent to Buenavista, the rural towns straddle the head of Bahía las Palmas on the Gulf of California, where winter westerlies average . Los Barriles is within the transition area of the Baja California peninsula's Sierra de la Laguna where the hills become sandy flats.

Known for its flyfishing, Los Barriles is also Baja's kitesurfing and windsurfing capital. The town's port was closed on 2 September during the 2013 Pacific hurricane season's Tropical Storm Lorena. In 2006, the Shakespeare Theatre Association's annual conference was held in Los Barriles.

References

Populated places in Baja California Sur
Beaches of Baja California Sur
La Paz Municipality (Baja California Sur)
Populated coastal places in Mexico


title: 1981 in Portugal

text:
Events in the year 1981 in Portugal.

Incumbents
President: António Ramalho Eanes
Prime Minister: Diogo de Freitas do Amaral (interim, until 9 January), Francisco Pinto Balsemão (since 9 January)

Events
 9 January - Establishment of the VII Constitutional Government of Portugal.
 4 September - Establishment of the VIII Constitutional Government of Portugal.

Arts and entertainment
Portugal participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 1981 with Carlos Paião and the song "Playback".

Sports
In association football, for the first-tier league seasons, see 1980–81 Primeira Divisão and 1981–82 Primeira Divisão.
 1 and 8 December - 1981 Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira

References

Portugal
Years of the 20th century in Portugal
Portugal


title: William J. Cayce House

text:
William J. Cayce House is a historic house located at 517 Holland Avenue in Cayce, Lexington County, South Carolina.

Description and history
The two-story vernacular Classical Revival style house is sheathed in weatherboard and was built in 1917 by architect Hugh Summers. It features wood Doric order columns across the entire front porch. The upstairs center porch has four smaller columns with a pediment. It was built for merchant William J. Cayce, founder of the town. It was one of the first residences constructed in the city and one of the last such dwellings remaining.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on April 16, 1975.

References

Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Neoclassical architecture in South Carolina
Houses completed in 1917
Houses in Lexington County, South Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in Lexington County, South Carolina


title: Wednesday (album)

text:
Wednesday is the seventh studio album by King Creosote. It was released in 1999 on Fence Records.

Track listing
Little paint
T-reg kiosk
All my legs
Madam
Today begins without me
911
A paux fas bullshite
Turtles beentween me an rger dog

References
 King Creosote – Vintage Quays

1999 albums
King Creosote albums


title: Rast (mugham)

text:
Rast () is a musical modal system in traditional mugham music.

This is the first mode of main modes in mugham which kept its base and root, unchanged its function during the historical period of development. Rast mugam based on this mode is called “mother of mugams”. Rast mode consists of 1+1+0.5 tone, which is created in three tetra-chords in the result of amalgamation of reach method of the first main tetra-chord. Literarily, Rast creates courage and cheerfulness at listener. Subgenres of Rast are: Bardasht (with Novruzu-Ravanda), Maye, Ushshag, Huseyni, Vilayati, Dilkesh, Kurdu, Shikasteyi-fars (Khojasta), Erag, Penjgah, Rak-Khorasani, Gerai, space for Rast. Other mugams relating to the Rast are: Mahur, Mahur-Hindi, Orta Mahur, Bayaty-Gajar, Gatar.

References

Azerbaijani music
Modes (music)
Mugham modes


title: 1982 in Portugal

text:
Events in the year 1982 in Portugal.

Incumbents
President: António Ramalho Eanes
Prime Minister: Francisco Pinto Balsemão

Events
 12 December - Local election.

Arts and entertainment
Portugal participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 1982 with Doce and the song "Bem bom".

Sports
In association football, for the first-tier league seasons, see 1981–82 Primeira Divisão and 1982–83 Primeira Divisão.
Establishment of the Portuguese Handball Super Cup

References

Portugal
Years of the 20th century in Portugal


title: Still Hopes

text:
Still Hopes, also known as the Gabriel Alexander Guignard House and South Carolina Episcopal Home, is an historic home located at Cayce, Lexington County, South Carolina. It was built in 1910, and is a two-story, brick, Georgian Revival mansion with a truncated hip roof. The front façade features a two-story, flat roofed portico supported by paired Ionic order columns. It has a one-story, ornamented wraparound porch. In 1977, it was expanded and renovated to convert the mansion for use as an Episcopal retirement home.  It was built as a residence for Gabriel Alexander Guignard (1860-1926), and the red brick for construction was manufactured by Guignard Brick Works.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.

References

Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Georgian Revival architecture in South Carolina
Houses completed in 1910
Houses in Lexington County, South Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in Lexington County, South Carolina


title: Orlando Gutiérrez

text:
Orlando Gutiérrez may refer to:

 Orlando Gutierrez-Boronat (born 1965), Cuban author
 Orlando Gutiérrez (Spanish footballer) (born 1976), Spanish footballer for Club Portugalete
 Orlando Gutiérrez (Chilean footballer) (born 1989), Chilean footballer for Ñublense


title: Jacques De Fence

text:
Jacques De Fence is the eighth studio album by King Creosote, released in 1999.

Track listing
You won't regret it
Pulliing up creels
Thanks but no thanks
Counselling
The nobody now
Little paint
Little space
Leslie
Powerful stuff
Caesar
Mark van asaalt
Locked Together

1999 albums
King Creosote albums


title: Segah

text:
Segah (,,) is a musical modal system in traditional mugham music.

This is the third mode and consists of 0.5-1-1 tone which is created in amalgamation of three tetra-chords with the reach method. Segah mugam associated with love, romantic feelings at listener. Subgenres of Segah includes: egah Zabul-Segah-Bardasht, Maye, Muya, Manandi-Mukhalif, Segah, high-pitched tone Zabul, Manandi-Hisar (in high-pitched tone), Manandi-Mukhalif (in high-pitched tone), Ashig-Kush, Mubarriga, Zabul, space for Segah, Kharij Segah-Bardasht, Maye, Takhtigah, Mubarriga, Manandi-Hisar, Manandi-Mukhalif, high-pitched tone Segah, space for Kharij Segah. Other mugams relating to the Segah are: Hashym Segah-sol, Kharij Segah-si, Mirza-Huseyn-lya, Orta Segah-mi, Zabul Segah.

In classical Turkish music "si" pitch, and the melody type in this pitch.

References

Azerbaijani music
Modes (music)
Mugham modes
Radif (music)

az:Segah


title: Sebestyén Schmidt

text:
Sebestyén Schmidt (3 February 1901 – 13 September 1971) was a Hungarian cyclist. He competed in the individual road race event at the 1932 Summer Olympics.

References

External links

1901 births
1971 deaths
Hungarian male cyclists
Olympic cyclists for Hungary
Cyclists at the 1932 Summer Olympics
Place of birth missing


title: David Jefferson Griffith House

text:
David Jefferson Griffith House is a historic home located near Gilbert, Lexington County, South Carolina. It was built in 1896, and is a rectangular, two-story frame, weatherboarded Late Victorian farmhouse with a standing seam metal hipped roof. It has a one-story, gable-roofed ell. The front façade features a two-tiered decorated porch. Also on the property is a hip-roofed well house.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.

References

Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Victorian architecture in South Carolina
Houses completed in 1896
Houses in Lexington County, South Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in Lexington County, South Carolina


title: Shine Kuk

text:
Kuk Son-young (born September 20, 1992), known professionally as Shine Kuk, is a South Korean actress, television presenter, and singer active in the Philippines. She came into prominence after winning Eat Bulaga!s "You're My Foreignay" contest in 2014. Kuk has since gone on to star in various television shows and win Miss Korea Philippines 2018. She was also the first Korean host on the Shop TV home shopping channel.

Biography
Kuk first visited the Philippines on a family trip.

She is known as the Eat Bulaga! "You're My Foreignay" grand winner of 2014 and also one of its co-hosts.

An aspiring student, actress and singer, Shine studied Consular and Diplomatic Affairs at De La Salle–College of Saint Benilde and graduated. She also recently appeared as a guest actress in the sitcom "Vampire Ang Daddy Ko" and also became a co-host of Eat Bulaga's "Juan for All, All for Juan" and "Dabarkads Pinoy Henyo!". She is a regular cast in the comedy gag show Banana Sundae.

Kuk won Miss Korea Philippines 2018 when she was 25 years old. At the time, she was a television personality on ABS-CBN.

Kuk started a YouTube channel with a focus on Filipino lessons and Korean make up in 2019. She was the first Korean host on the Shop TV home shopping channel.

Filmography

Television

Films

References

Living people
South Korean television actresses
South Korean expatriates in the Philippines
South Korean television personalities
21st-century South Korean singers
De La Salle–College of Saint Benilde alumni
21st-century South Korean women singers

1992 births
Actresses from Seoul


title: Shushtar (mode)

text:
Shushtar (; ) is a musical modal system in traditional mugham music.

This is the fourth and the smallest mode according to its amount of sounds. Sound line is created in amalgamation of two tetra-chords with different method. It has eight membranes and consists of 0.5-1-0.5 tone. In Shushtar mode the third membrane is the completive tone, the fourth membrane is Maye. It creates deeply sad feelings for the listener. Subgenres of Segah includes: Amiri, Shushtar, Masnavi, Movlavi, Tarkib, space for Shushtar. Other mugams relating to the Mugham are: Ovshary, Heydari.

References

Azerbaijani music
Modes (music)
Mugham modes
Radif (music)


title: 1984 in Portugal

text:
Events in the year 1984 in Portugal.

Incumbents
President: António Ramalho Eanes
Prime Minister: Mário Soares

Events
 25 March - Pope John Paul II consecrates the world to the Immaculate Heart of Mary, in Fátima, Portugal.
 29 August - Tiago José Rodrigues Cardoso - Born in Guimarães.
 14 October - Azores regional election.
 14 October - Madeira regional election.
 27 December - Born Basilio Airosa in mafamude from the love of Ernesto Airosa and Manuela

Arts and entertainment
Portugal participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 1984 with Maria Guinot and the song "Silêncio e tanta gente".

Sports
In association football, for the first-tier league seasons, see 1983–84 Primeira Divisão and 1984–85 Primeira Divisão.

Births
20 April - Nelson Évora, athlete
23 May - Hugo Almeida, footballer
16 July - Miguel Pires, swimmer
14 September - Maria Areosa, professional triathlete
25 October - mimicat, Musical artist

Deaths
 18 January - Ary dos Santos, poet, songwriter (born 1937)

References

Portugal
Years of the 20th century in Portugal
Portugal


title: Humayun (mode)

text:
Dastgāh-e Homayun (; ) is a musical modal system in traditional mugham music and one of the seven Dastgāhs of Persian Music (Classically, Persian Music is organized into seven Dastgāhs and five Āvāzes, however from a merely technical point of view, one can consider them as an ensemble of 12 Dastgāhs).

This is the seventh mode and consists of 0.5+1.5+0.5 tone, which is created in amalgamation of two tetra-chords with the fourth method. It is able to get sound line of Shushtar mode by changing the tetra-chords’ places in Humayun mode. So, these two modes’ structures are close to each other. It creates deeply mournful feelings at listener. Subgenres of Humayun are: Bardasht, Humayun, Baxtiyari, Feili, Boyuk Masnavi, Movlavi, Shushtar, Tarkib, Uzzal or Bidad, Kichik Masnavi.

References

Azerbaijani music
Modes (music)
Mugham modes


title: Chahargah (mode)

text:
Dastgāh-e Chahārgāh  (; ) is a musical modal system in traditional mugham music and one of the seven Dastgāhs of Persian Music. Classically, Persian Music is organized into seven Dastgāhs and five Āvāzes, however from a merely technical point of view, one can consider them as an ensemble of 12 Dastgāhs.

This is the fifth and the longest mode according to the amount of sounds. It consists of eleven membranes. Three tetra-chords are amalgamated with two methods. The first and the second tetra-chords are amalgamated with the first method. The second and the third tetra-chords are amalgamated with different method. Tetra-chords are 0.5+1.5+0.5 tone structural. Chahargah mode is represented in two kinds in Uzeyir Hajibeyov’s composition. It creates at listener excitement and passion. Subgenres of Chahargah are: Bardasht, Maye, Bali-Kabutar, Djovhari, Basta-Nigar, Hisar, Mualif, Garra, Mukhalif, Ouj Mukhalif, Maghlub, Mansuriyya, Uzzal.

References

Azerbaijani music
Modes (music)
Mugham modes
 Hormoz Farhat, The Dastgāh Concept in Persian Music (Cambridge University Press, 1990). ,  (first paperback edition, 2004).


title: Bayaty-Shiraz (mode)

text:
Bayaty-Shiraz () is a musical modal system in traditional mugham music.

This is the sixth mode and consists of 1–1–0.5 tone, which is created in amalgamation of two tetra-chords with the third method. It consists of nine membranes. There passes membrane among the tetra-chords. It creates melancholic feelings at listener. Subgenres of Bayaty-Shiraz are: Bardasht, Isfahanak, Maye, Gardaniyye, Nishibi-Faraz, Bayaty-Isfahan, Khums-Ravan, high-pitched tone Bayaty-Shiraz, Abulchap, Khaveran, Huzzal, Shikasteyi-Fars, Dilruba, space.

Bayaty-Shiraz is called the “bride of the music” in the countries which are the home of the mugham. This dastgah is played in the “left” tone of the Bayaty-Shiraz.

The Azerbaijani tar player Bahram Mansurov notes that Bayaty-Shiraz, formerly known as Bayaty-Isfahan, existed as independent dastgah only in the early 19th century. M. Navab described Bayaty-Shiraz mugham as a section in the “Vuzuhul-Argam” treatise, and named the fifth of 12 mug-hams as Isfahan.

Structure
Being one of the 7 main mughams of the Azerbaijani oral music, Bayaty-Shiraz has sections with the same name. "Ba-62 yati-Shiraz" and its classifications, colors and many folk songs and dances have been created on the base of Bayati-Shiraz. Composer Uzeyir Hajibeyov said that Bayaty-Shiraz mugam arouses a sense of sadness in the listeners.

In the table compiled by Mirza Faraj Rzayev, Bayati-Shiraz consisted of 17 sections and chapters: “Daramed”, “Bayati-Isfahan”, “Bayati-Shiraz”, “Abul-Chap”, “Jafariyya”, “Budashti”, “Bayati-Kurd”, “Haji Yuni”, “Gilachi, Dashti”, “Mahdi-Zerrabi”, “Qatar”, “Bayati”, “Ashiqi-Gush”, “Niiriz-Davudi” and “Huzzal”. In 1925, in the program prepared by Hajibeyov, the Bayaty-Shiraz dastgah was described as "Bayati-Isfahan" and consisted of ten sections and chapters: "Maye-Bayati-Shiraz", "Bayati-Isfahan", "Abul-chap", "Azerbaijan", “Bayaty-Kurd”, “Haji Yuni”, “Dashti”, “Qatar”, “Huzzal” and “Bayati-Shiraz.”

When comparing the Bayaty-Shiraz dastgahs in the mugham table of M. F. Rzayev and the mugham program of Uzeyir Hajibeyov, it turns out that, some sections and chapters are same. As a result of the development of Bayaty-Shiraz some sections and chapters were removed from the dastgah. Thus, some parts and chapters were cut off from the components as they did not correspond to the Bayaty-Shiraz dastgah.  The subgenre of “Azerbaijan” began to be used in the footsteps of "Shahnaz" (cadence), "Bayati-Kurd" as "Nava" dastgah, in parallel as small independent "Bayati-Kurd" mugam, "Haji Yuni" as “Shur”, "Qatar" as "Mahur-hindi". The "Dashti" dastgah first existed as a branch in "Nava", and then began to be used as a small independent mugham called "Dashti".

Maye-Bayaty-Shiraz
Presently the Bayaty-Shiraz dastgah consists of 8 sections and chapters: “Bardasht”, “Maye-Bayati-Shiraz”, “Nishibi-Faraz”, “Bayati-Isfahan”, “Zil Bayat-Shiraz”, “Khavaran”, “Huzzal”, “Dulruba” and “Foot to Bayati-Shiraz” (cadence). The khananda, who sings mughams, performs the fast-paced "Nishibi-sepat" instead of "Bardasht". Some khanandas start Bayaty-Shiraz dastagh with "Maye-Bayaty-Shiraz". Some of them begin with the part of “Molevi” of "Bardasht" of Bayaty-Shiraz. The “Molevi” is followed by the Maye-Bayaty-Shiraz, one of the main sections of the dastgah. This section is the basis of the Bayaty-Shiraz dastgah.

Nishibi-faraz
After Maye-Bayati-Shiraz, "Nishibi-faraz" section is played. "Nishibi-faraz" also serves as a connecting role, which combines the "Maye-Bayati-Shiraz" and "Bayati-Isfahan" sections. The khanandas, who perform the "Bayati-Shiraz", sing "Bayati-Isfahan" after Bardasht ("Nishibi-sepaz") and "Maye-Bayati-Shiraz". At the same time "Nishibi-faraz" plays the role of transition “Sarenj” to the “Maye-Shura”.

The "Nishibi-faraz" sections of “Shur” and Bayaty-Shiraz differ from each other from melodic point of view. Thus, the "Nishibi-sepat" sections in both dastgahs have different characters and tones. The "Bayati Isfahan", the central part of the Bayati-Shiraz covers the average range of dastgah in the tessitura. Strong sounding is a prerequisite for Bayati-Isfahan's vocal and instrumental performance.

Bayati-Isfahan
After the "Bayati-Isfahan", the high-range sections are coming. These sections include “Zil Bayaty-Shiraz”, “Khaveran”, “Huzzal” and “Dulruba”. "Zil Bayaty-Shiraz" is the repetition of Maye-Bayati-Shiraz in high-range. There is also a difference here because of the change of the melodies' shades and the other character. In the "Maye-Bayaty-Shiraz" is dominated by sadness, in "Zil Bayati-Shiraz" rhythm is dominant.

Khaveran
The "Khaveran" section, which is performed after "Zil Bayati-Shiraz", was previously performed between "Shikasteyi-fars" and "Eraq" sections of the Rast dastgah. Then the Khawaran section was removed from the Rast dastgah, and it was positioned only between “Bayati-Isfahan” and “Huzzal” sections of Bayati-Shiraz. In addition, the "Khaveran" section plays a role of bridge between Bayati-Shiraz and Segah dastgahs.

Huzzal
Khaveran is followed by "Huzzal" section. This section requires khanandas a loud voice.

Dilruba
After the "Uzzal" section, “Dilruba” section (in Persian the word “dülrüba” means beautiful, favorite) is coming in a frivolous manner, which did not include Bayati-Shiraz dastgah previously.

Azerbaijani khanandas (mugham singers)
The famous Azerbaijani performers of Bayaty-Shiraz are Sattarari, Agabala Agha Said, Jabbar Garyagdioglu, Dadash Muradkhanov (1858-1930), Abulhasan Khan Azer Iqbal-Soltani, Gasim Abdullayev (Zabul Gasim), Mirza Gullar, Islam Abdullaev, Seyid Shushinski, Musa Shushinski, Zulfu Adigozalov, Huseynaga Hajibababeyov, Khan Shushinski, Yavar Kalanterli, Aliovsat Sadigov (1906-1971), Mutallim Mutallimov, Sara Gadimova, Yagub Mammadov, Alibaba Mammadov, Nariman Aliyev, Eynulla Asadov, Murshud Mammadov, Aghababa Novruzov, Karakhan Behbudov, Ramiz Hacıyev, Arif Babayev, Janali Akbarov, Vahid Abdullayev, Agakhan Abdullayev, Nisa Gasimova (1954), Sahibe Ahmedova (Abbasova), Alim Gasimov, Mansum Ibrahimov, Zahid Guliyev, Maleykekhanim Eyyubova (1962), Zabit Nabizade , Maharram Hasanov, Almaz Orujova, Gulustan Aliyeva, Nuriya Huse Ynovani, Gulyaz Mammadova, Nazakat Teymurova, and Sabuhi Ibayev.

References

See also
Mugham
Music of Azerbaijan
International Mugham Center of Azerbaijan

Azerbaijani music
Modes (music)
Mugham modes


title: Roman Bečvář

text:
Roman Bečvář may refer to:

 Roman Bečvář (handballer, born 1966), Czech former handball player
 Roman Bečvář (handballer, born 1989), Czech handball player


title: Ursula Heinrich

text:
Ursula Heinrich is a West German retired slalom canoeist who competed in the early 1970s. She won a silver medal in the K-1 team event at the 1971 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships in Meran.

References

German female canoeists
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Medalists at the ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships


title: Behrouz Jamshidi

text:
Behrouz Jamshidi (; born August 23, 1972, in (Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province) is a retired amateur Iranian Greco-Roman wrestler, who competed in the men's light heavyweight category. On January 3, 2000, the International Federation of Associated Wrestling (FILA) ordered him a two-year suspension from competition for testing positive for doping.

Biography
He finished fourth in the 85-kg division at the 1998 Asian Games in Bangkok, and later represented his nation Iran, as a 31-year-old, at the 2004 Summer Olympics. Jamshidi also trained for Wrestling Club Takhti in Izhe suburb, under his personal coach Vali Mohammadi Babak.

Jamshidi participated at the 1999 World Wrestling Championships in Athens, Greece, where he took home the bronze medal in the 85-kg division.

On January 3, 2000, the International Federation of Associated Wrestling (FILA) stripped Jamshidi of his medal, and ordered him a two-year suspension, for testing positive on doping; as a result he could not compete at the Summer Olympics in Sydney. When his suspension expired in September 2001, Jamshidi returned to wrestling and competed in several international tournaments, including the World and Asian Championships, but achieved mediocre results and left empty-handed.

At the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Jamshidi qualified for the Iranian squad on his official Olympic status in the men's 84 kg class. Earlier in the process, he finished first and received a berth from the Olympic Qualification Tournament in Novi Sad, Serbia and Montenegro. Jamshidi lost his opening match to Greece's Dimitrios Avramis with a 1–3 decision much to the massive cheer from the home crowd inside Ano Liossa Olympic Hall, but eventually edged Norway's Fritz Aanes in a three-point overtime decision in the second round. Finishing the pool in second place and ninth overall, Jamshidi's performance was not enough to put him further into the quarterfinals.

References

External links
Profile – International Wrestling Database

1972 births
Living people
Iranian male sport wrestlers
Olympic wrestlers for Iran
Wrestlers at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Sport wrestlers from Tehran
Wrestlers at the 1998 Asian Games
Iranian sportspeople in doping cases
Asian Games competitors for Iran


title: Fiacre (carriage)

text:
A fiacre is a form of hackney coach, a horse-drawn four-wheeled carriage for hire. In Vienna such cabs are called .

Origin
The earliest use of the word in English is cited by the Oxford English Dictionary as from 1699 ("Fiacres or Hackneys, hung with Double Springs"). The name is derived indirectly from Saint Fiacre; the Hôtel de Saint Fiacre in Paris rented carriages from about the middle of the seventeenth century. Saint Fiacre was adopted as the cab drivers' patron saint because of the association of his name with the carriage.

In Paris
In 1645, Nicholas Sauvage, a coachbuilder from Amiens, decided to set up a business in Paris hiring out horses and carriages by the hour. He established himself in the Hôtel de Saint Fiacre and hired out his four-seater carriages at a rate of 10 sous an hour. Within twenty years, Sauvage's idea had developed into the first citywide public transport system: les carosses à 5 sous ("5-sou carriages"). These 8-seater carriages, forerunners of the modern bus, were put into service on five "lines" between May and July 1662, but had disappeared from the streets of Paris by 1679, almost certainly because of the spiralling cost of fares.

Although the public transport system had suffered a temporary demise, private hirers were quick to fill the gaps with carriages including the "vinaigrette", a two-wheeled chair powered and guided by two people; the cabriolet, a dangerous two-wheeled buggy pulled by a single horse; and the more traditional four-wheeled fiacres. By the time of the Revolution there were more than 800 fiacres operating in Paris.

In 1855, Napoléon III instigated a monopoly control of the fiacres of Paris via the Compagnie Impériale des Voitures à Paris (CIV), which by 1860 operated 3,830 fiacres and owned 8,000 horses; in this year the CIV carried over 10 million passengers. Fiacre drivers earned about three francs a day, plus two francs in tips. In 1866 the CIV lost its monopoly status and became a Société Anonyme. It began to use motorized vehicles in 1898 but was still operating 3500 horse-drawn vehicles in 1911.

In the 1890s the Parisian music-hall singer Yvette Guilbert introduced a popular song, Le fiacre, in which an aged husband sees his wife in a fiacre with her lover.

In Vienna
In Vienna such cabs are called . They featured in popular music, such as Gustav Pick's  song, the "Fiakerlied". Fiaker and their drivers also featured in operas of Johann Strauss II and in Richard Strauss's opera Arabella (where the second act takes place at the fiaker-drivers' ball).

Today
Fiacres still survive in Vienna and other European travel centres as tourist attractions.

See also
 Steering undercarriage

References

Notes

Sources
 Finley, Mitch (2010). The Patron Saints Handbook, accessed on Google Books, 9 July 2014. Frederick, Maryland: The Word Among Us. .
 Mellot, Philippe and Blancart, Hippolyte (2006). Paris au temps des fiacres,(in French), accessed on Google Books, 9 July 2014. Paris: Editions de Borée. .
 Papayanis, Nicholas (1985). "The Coachmen of Paris: A Statistical Profile", in Journal of Contemporary History, Vol. 20/2, April 1985, pp. 305–321.
 Rearick, Charles (1988). "Song and Society in Turn-of-the-Century France" in Journal of Social History, Vol. 22/1, Autumn 1988, pp. 45–63.

External links

Carriages
Vehicles for hire
Transport in Vienna
Tourist attractions in Vienna
Transport in Paris


title: Odee Township, Meade County, Kansas

text:
Odee Township is a township in Meade County, Kansas, in the United States.

History
Odee was named for O. D. Lemert, who was instrumental in securing a post office.

References

Townships in Meade County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas


title: Columba Krebs

text:
Annabell Krebs Culverwell (June 13, 1902 – April 9, 1998) was an American painter. She took the name Columba when signing her paintings and writings, probably related to the constellation Columba, which is the focal point of several Egyptian pyramids. Her parents were Anna Frantz (1867–1930) and Dr. Stanley LeFevre Krebs (1864–1935). Her father was a one time president of the American University of Trade and Applied Commerce of Philadelphia and a pastor in the Reformed Church. He wrote the book "Trick Methods of Eusapia Paladino" (1910), exposing the tricks of the medium Eusapia Palladino. His second marriage was to Marjorie Main of Ma and Pa Kettle fame.

Biography
When about 11 years old, she lived In Europe for three years. It is claimed that, at age fifteen, she had her first psychic experience; a vision, while living in Wayne, Pennsylvania. After her marriage in 1921, to Frank J. Culverwell, she lived for a time in Singapore, where she began the study of Theosophy, and then in Calcutta and Darjeeling, India. She lived for a time near Joshua Tree National Monument in California. During this time she met and worked with several of America's first UFO contactees.

Columba maintained an address in East Orange, New Jersey, studied at Hood College and the New York School of Fine and Applied Arts. She exhibited at the Hall of Art in New York in 1932 and 1933; Salons of Art in 1934: Strauss Galleries in New York in 1950. She also exhibited in Bloomfield and Newark, New Jersey. She produced mural panels for Textile H.S., known today as Bayard Rustin Educational Complex, New York. She was a member of the St. Petersburg Arts Club and Newark Arts Club. She held positions as President of Skuddabud Creations from 1936 to 1940 which published a Christian Socialist science fiction book for kids by the same name. Owned Heated Doll Company from 1941 through 1945. She was the owner of Symbolant Company.

Some of her first drawings were of a political nature to support the Christian Socialist movement in New York City, as was her publication, "The Adventures of Skuddabud" and a  cartoon strip by the same name in comic magazines in Brazil and Mexico.

"sponsored by the Art Club of St. Petersburg, at the Soreno hotel Thursday evening. An event which promises to be Interesting, will be sponsored at the hotel Tuesday afternoon and evening by Columba Krebs."

"Columba Krebs, originally Anna Belle Culverwell, finally settled in Willow Springs, Missouri after leading a rather colorful life all around the country. She was a cartoonist-painter who was deeply devoted to paranormal ideas..."

"An interesting illustration is a painting by Columba Krebs called the Universal Kingdom (1956 , reproduced in Piper and Piper, 1975 )"

"For example, artist Columba Krebs, a Reformed pastor's daughter who embraced occultism, painted the Spirit of St. Louis being guided over the Atlantic by a divine torch"

Lectures and presentations
She gave presentations on “The Mysteries of Man and the Universe” illustrated with color slides,"The Mysteries of. Human Nature," stressing' phenomena such as mental telepathy and kindred experiences. Mrs. Krebs Culverwell even dressed in Oriental costume, to give an illustrated lecture on “Symbolic Art of Life's Marvels.”

Paintings and drawings
Her paintings were named after the subjects they portrayed. "The Tree of Character, The Magnet of Art Patronage," "Our Conscious, Sub- Conscious and Super-Consciousness," "Mental Magnifying Glasses," "The Boomerang Law," "Our Various Bodies," "The Four Planes of Vibration," "Good and Evil Influences and one which Harwood Fisher commented on in his publication “The Subjective Self: A portrait Inside Logical Space. Mr. Fisher stated “Lastly, depictions of the spiral in cosmic art have the same themes of origin, creativity, and forms that move to the future. An interesting illustration is a painting by Columba Krebs called the “Universal Kingdom” (1956, reproduced in Piper and Piper 1975”.

Writings
Krebs, Columba (1961), The Moon is Inhabited, Williams, Ariz.: The Author

Krebs, Columba (1961), Visiting Spacemen?, Williams, Ariz.: Symbolart

Columba Krebs wrote an afterword to the 1970 book The People of the Planet Clarion and assisted UFO contactee-author Truman Bethurum with all three of his later books; she notes that Bethurum seemed obsessed by the voluptuous alien Captain Aura Rhanes, and had hired a secretary whom (according to Bethurum) very closely resembled the humanoid Captain Rhanes.

“The Moon is Inhabited" was written by Columba. It was produced in mimeographed form on a tan paper. The publication had light  blue covers with Illustrations of two people on a planet with some form of habitation in what appears to be a crater. There are several types of “flying saucers” and rocket ships in the air. The back cover has a drawing with palm trees and a tube type edifice with a glass dome and a king sitting on a throne inside. Some type of ray has melted a portion of the dome and is either sending down or beaming up humans and animals. There are also illustrations inside the front and back cover. The profits from the sale of this  publication were to go to the Cosmic Arts Shrine. For this publication and publication of Skuddabud, refer to TheMoonIsInhabited.com

Notations on two of Columba's publications appear in “UFO's and the Extraterrestrial Contact Movement a bibliography”.
Volume One: Unidentified Flying Objects by George M. Eberhart  The Scarecrow Press Inc. Metuchen, N. J. 1986

Columba Krebs appeared in Who Was Who in American Art, 1564–1975

References

External links
https://www.comicartfans.com/searchresult.asp?txtsearch=Columba%20Krebs
https://www.unariunwisdom.com/artwork-and-philosophy-of-columba-krebs/
https://www.auctionninja.com/waterbury-auction-gallery/product/very-rare-newspaper-printing-plate-for-skuddabub-cartoon-1936-by-columba-krebs-114983.html

1998 deaths
1902 births
People from Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania
American occultists
20th-century American painters
American women painters
20th-century American women artists
Painters from Pennsylvania
Hood College alumni
Parsons School of Design alumni


title: Julius Maus

text:
Julius Maus (10 December 1906 – 8 September 1934) was a German cyclist. He competed in the individual and team road race events at the 1932 Summer Olympics. He died in a fire on board the SS Morro Castle.

References

External links

1906 births
1934 deaths
German male cyclists
Olympic cyclists for Germany
Cyclists at the 1932 Summer Olympics
People from Kassel (district)
Sportspeople from Kassel (region)
Deaths due to shipwreck at sea
Cyclists from Hesse


title: Irena Komancová

text:
Irena Komancová is a Czechoslovak retired slalom canoeist who competed in the early 1970s. She won a bronze medal in the K-1 team event at the 1971 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships in Meran.

References

External links
 Irena KOMANCOVA at CanoeSlalom.net

Czechoslovak female canoeists
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Medalists at the ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships


title: Trego Hot Springs

text:
Trego Hot Springs is located in the Black Rock Desert at the location of Trego, Nevada, a former station on the Western Pacific Railroad.  The name "Trego" dates from the 1910s, just after the railroad was built.  Previously, the springs had names like Hot Springs, Kyles Hot Springs (1864), Butte Spring, and Butte Hot Spring.

Today, Trego is known for its hot springs, which is a long ditch with a soft mud bottom.  The springs are at the north end, near the railroad tracks, and the water flows south.  Garside reports that the springs have a temperature of 187F. Unlike nearby Frog Springs at the Garrett Ranch, Trego is on public land.

History
The area near the springs were seasonally occupied from 4000 B.P. and 1000 B.P.

Fairfield states that in 1856, Ladue Vary and Fred Hines discovered the springs that were later named Trego Hot Springs when they took a short cut from Granite Creek (now known as Granite Ranch) across the Black Rock Desert playa towards Rabbit Hole Spring.  When they arrived at the Humboldt River, the met a wagon train on the Nobles Emigrant Trail.  Vary and Hines told the emigrants about the springs, the emigrants took the shortcut and the Nobles trail was adjusted accordingly.  "Hot Spr" appears on the 1857 map "Map of the Western Division of the Fort Kearney South Pass and Honey Lake Road" at that location.

The 400 foot long trench was initially hand dug by a group led by Frederick W. Lander in 1860.  The trench cooled the water that flowed to a large tank.

Amesbury reports two 1861 entries from the diary of Edith Lockhart:

"August 18: Pleasant day.  Started at noon and went 18 miles to Rabbit Hole Springs, rested a couple of hours and went 18 more miles by the next day to Hot Springs."

"Aug. 19. A warm day - got into camp at 10 oclock in this morning, laid over till evening - when we went 12 miles to Granite Creek or Wells."

The area was named Trego around the time the railroad came through in the early 1900s.  Carlson states that Trego was named after nearby Mount Trego, which is formally known as Old Razorback Mountain.  The name Mount Trego only appears on the Pershing County Assessors Map.  The earliest citation for Trego from an original source is from an April 29, 1912 newspaper article that states that "Borax" in the water was the cause of a train engine boiler explosion that killed three people.

In 1993, Desert Siteworks was held at Trego.  Desert Siteworks was a series of art events led by William Binzen, assisted by Judy West and John Law for three years (1992-1994).  Many of the principles developed at Desert Siteworks (such as Leave-No-Trace) were adopted by Burning Man.

In 2020, the Bureau of Land Management reported that Trego Hot Springs was contaminated with E. Coli, Fecal coliforms and Vibrio cholerae and advised the public to avoid bathing.

References

Ghost towns in Pershing County, Nevada
Hot springs of Nevada


title: 1986 in Portugal

text:
Events in the year 1986 in Portugal.

Incumbents
President: António Ramalho Eanes (until 9 March), Mário Soares (since 9 March)
Prime Minister: Aníbal Cavaco Silva

Events
 1 January - Portugal becomes a member state of the European Union.
 26 January - First round of the Presidential election.
 16 February - Second round of the Presidential election.

Arts and entertainment
Portugal participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 1986 with Dora and the song "Não sejas mau para mim".

Sports
In association football, for the first-tier league seasons, see 1985–86 Primeira Divisão and 1986–87 Primeira Divisão.

References

Portugal
Years of the 20th century in Portugal
Portugal


title: John Sinibaldi

text:
John Sinibaldi (October 2, 1913 – January 10, 2006) was an American cyclist. He competed at the 1932 and 1936 Summer Olympics.

References

External links

1913 births
2006 deaths
American male cyclists
Olympic cyclists for the United States
Cyclists at the 1932 Summer Olympics
Cyclists at the 1936 Summer Olympics
Sportspeople from Brooklyn