title: Franklin Barreto

text:
Franklin Jose Barreto Rojas (born February 27, 1996) is a Venezuelan professional baseball shortstop and second baseman who is a free agent. He previously played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Oakland Athletics and Los Angeles Angels.

Career

Toronto Blue Jays
Barreto signed with the Toronto Blue Jays for a $1.45 million signing bonus on July 2, 2012, as Baseball Americas top-ranked international prospect of 2012. He played his first professional season with the Gulf Coast League Blue Jays, and later the Bluefield Blue Jays, batting .276 in 59 total games played and leading the Gulf Coast League in slugging percentage. In 2014, he was promoted to the Vancouver Canadians and opened the season with a .313 batting average through 43 games. Barreto played in 73 games for Vancouver in 2014, and batted .311 with 6 home runs, 61 runs batted in, and 29 stolen bases. On September 24, he was named the MVP for Vancouver in 2014. On October 1, Barreto was named the top prospect in the Northwest League by Baseball America.

Oakland Athletics
On November 28, 2014, the Blue Jays traded Barreto, Kendall Graveman, Sean Nolin, and Brett Lawrie to the Oakland Athletics for Josh Donaldson. His 2015 season with the Advanced-A Stockton Ports ended early when he was placed on the disabled list on July 26 with a wrist contusion. Barreto appeared in 90 games and hit .302 with 13 home runs and 47 runs batted in. He committed 34 errors at shortstop, which led the California League. In the offseason, he played 30 games with the Águilas del Zulia of the Venezuelan Winter League, batting .174 with 2 home runs and 14 runs batted in.

Barreto was named as the 8th best shortstop prospect by MLB going into the 2016 season. He was selected as a Texas League All-Star while playing with the Double-A Midland RockHounds in 2016. On August 31, he was promoted to the Triple-A Nashville Sounds. Barreto finished the 2016 season batting .284 with 11 home runs and 53 runs batted in. After the 2016 season, the Athletics assigned Barreto to the Mesa Solar Sox of the Arizona Fall League, and added him to their 40-man roster. He began the 2017 season with Nashville, hitting .281 with 32 runs batted in during 68 games. He was recalled by the Athletics on June 24. He made his major league debut that afternoon, playing second base. During the game, he recorded his first career home run in his second career at-bat off of James Shields. Barreto hit .180 with an OPS of .570 in parts of four seasons for the Athletics, seeing the most action in 2018, playing in 32 games and going hitless in 10 at-bats.

Los Angeles Angels
On August 28, 2020, the Athletics traded Barreto to the Los Angeles Angels in exchange for Tommy La Stella. On March 31, 2021, Barreto was placed on the 60-day injured list due to right elbow inflammation. On May 11, it was announced that Barreto would undergo Tommy John surgery.
On October 23, 2021, Barreto elected free agency.

Houston Astros
On March 22, 2022, Barreto signed a minor league contract with the Houston Astros.  He was released on August 10, 2022.  In his final start for the Sugar Land Space Cowboys, Barreto homered off former Astros ace and Cy Young Award winner Dallas Keuchel as part of a five-run batted in day.  Over 73 games for Sugar Land, Barreto appeared at second base, shortstop, and third base, batting .162/.259/.274.

Washington Nationals
On December 1, 2022, Barreto signed a minor league deal with the Washington Nationals. He was assigned to the Triple-A Rochester Red Wings to begin the 2023 season, appearing in 29 games and hitting .202/.282/.455 with 7 home runs, 15 runs batted in, and 2 stolen bases. Barreto was released by the Nationals organization on May 28, 2023.

Tecolotes de los Dos Laredos
On June 5, 2023, Barreto signed with the Tecolotes de los Dos Laredos of the Mexican League. In 25 games, he batted .264/.369/.460 with 3 home runs and 15 RBIs. Barreto was waived on July 8, 2023.

References

External links

1996 births
Living people
Águilas del Zulia players
Baseball players from Caracas
Bluefield Blue Jays players
Gulf Coast Blue Jays players
Las Vegas Aviators players
Los Angeles Angels players
Major League Baseball players from Venezuela
Major League Baseball second basemen
Major League Baseball shortstops
Midland RockHounds players
Nashville Sounds players
Oakland Athletics players
Rochester Red Wings players
Stockton Ports players
Sugar Land Space Cowboys players
Tecolotes de los Dos Laredos players
Vancouver Canadians players
Venezuelan expatriate baseball players in Canada
Venezuelan expatriate baseball players in Mexico
Venezuelan expatriate baseball players in the United States


title: AVIC AG600

text:
The AVIC AG600 Kunlong () is a large amphibious aircraft designed by AVIC and assembled by CAIGA.

Powered by four WJ-6 turboprops, it is one of the largest flying boats with a  MTOW.

After five years of development, assembly started in August 2014, it was rolled out on 23 July 2016 and it made its first flight from Zhuhai Airport on 24 December 2017; it should be certified in 2024, with deliveries starting in 2025.

Development
The AG600 was previously known as the TA-600; it was designated the Dragon 600 before TA-600.
After five years of development, CAIGA started to build the aircraft in August 2014, for a first flight targeted at the time for 2015.
Assembly was still on its way in October 2015.
The prototype was rolled out on 23 July 2016 at the Zhuhai AVIC factory.
At the roll-out, AVIC targeted a maiden flight by the end of 2016 and it has then gathered 17 orders, all from the Chinese government including the China Coast Guard, AVIC does not expect to produce it in large numbers.
Target markets also include export sales, with island countries such as New Zealand and Malaysia having expressed an interest.

On 24 December 2017, it made its maiden flight from Zhuhai Jinwan Airport.
In May 2018, AVIC planned to have Civil Aviation Administration of China type certification completed by 2021 and deliveries starting in 2022.

After transfer from Zhuhai to Jingmen, the prototype started low-speed taxiing on the Zhanghe reservoir on 30 August 2018. On 20 October 2018, the prototype AG600 completed its first water take-off and landing at Jingmen's Zhanghe Reservoir and on 26 July 2020, the AG600 completed its first test flight from the ocean, after taking off from Qingdao.

An AG600M, being a dedicated firefighting model, successfully completed scooping and dropping water tests in September 2022.  Further variants may be developed for maritime surveillance, resource detection, passenger and cargo transport.
It is one of the three big plane projects approved by the State Council of China, with the Xi'an Y-20 military transport and the Comac C919 airliner.

Design

The AG600 amphibious aircraft has a single body flying boat fuselage, cantilevered high wings, four WJ-6 turboprops and tricycle retractable landing gear.
It can operate from  stretches of water  deep,
and should be able to conduct Sea State 3 operations with  waves.
It was developed for aerial firefighting, collecting  of water in 20 seconds and transporting up to  of water on a single tank of fuel ( rotations), and search and rescue, retrieving up to 50 people at sea.

Assembled by CAIGA, it is  long and has a  wingspan, its MTOW is  from paved runways or  from choppy sea.
AVIC claims it is the largest amphibious aircraft. It is heavier than the  MTOW Beriev Be-200 or the  ShinMaywa US-2, but lighter than the prototype-only  Beriev A-40. Previous seaplanes were heavier, as the  Martin JRM Mars or the prototypes  Blohm & Voss BV 238,  Saunders-Roe Princess or  Hughes H-4 Hercules.

It could access remote atolls in the South China Sea’s Spratly Islands, claimed by several bordering nations,
as the South China Sea is subjected to territorial disputes.
It can fly in four hours from the southern city of Sanya to James Shoal, the southernmost edge of China's territorial claims.

Specifications (AG600)

See also

References

External links

AVIC aircraft
Amphibious aircraft
Aerial firefighting aircraft
High-wing aircraft
Four-engined tractor aircraft
Four-engined turboprop aircraft
2010s Chinese military utility aircraft
2017 in China
Aircraft first flown in 2017
Flying boats


title: William Kay (scholar)

text:
William Kay (1820–1886) was an English cleric and academic, known as a college head and biblical scholar.

Life
The youngest of nine children of Thomas and Ann Kay of Knaresborough, he was born on the 8th of April 1820, at Pickering, North Yorkshire. He passed two years at Giggleswick school, and, together with James Fraser, gained an open scholarship at Lincoln College, Oxford, March 15, 1836. He graduated in 1839 with a first class in classics and a second in mathematics. He was elected as a fellow of his college 22 October 1840, and in 1842 and was appointed one of the tutors, proceeded M.A., and was elected Pusey and Ellerton Hebrew scholar.

Kay took holy orders in 1843, and in 1849, after proceeding B.D., he went out to India as principal of Bishop’s College, Calcutta. In 1855, he paid his only visit to England while principal of Bishop's College, and proceeded D.D. at Oxford. In 1864, he resigned his post at Calcutta and returned to Oxford.

In 1865 Kay was made select preacher before the university, and in 1866 was presented by his college to the rectory of Great Leighs, Essex, where he remained for the rest of his life. He was appointed Grinfield lecturer in 1869, was an honorary canon of St Albans Cathedral, and one of the bishop's chaplains.

Kay died on January 18, 1886, after much suffering. He was unmarried, and had for many years lived the life of a recluse, dividing his time between his biblical studies and the care of his parish.

Works
In Calcutta Kay published several pieces at the college press, including his translation of the Psalms with notes, 1864 (3rd edit., enlarged and improved, London, 1877). One of the Old Testament revisers in 1870, he was notably conservative in his criticism, and contributed to the Speaker's Bible commentaries on the Book of Isaiah (1875) and the Epistle to the Hebrews (1881). He also furnished the notes on Ezekiel in the commentary published by the Christian Knowledge Society.

Kay wrote also:

Crisis Hupfeldiana; being an examination of Hupfeld's criticism on Genesis, as recently set forth in Bishop Colenso's fifth part [of The Pentateuch and Book of Joshua critically examined], Oxford and London, 1865.
A Sermon on the Unity of the Church, London, 1866; translated into Italian, London, 1868.
The Greek text of St. Paul's two Epistles to the Corinthians, with an English Commentary, published after his death, London, 1887, edited by the Rev. John Slatter.

Kay also translated and edited one of the volumes of Claude Fleury's Ecclesiastical History, under the superintendence of John Henry Newman, Oxford, 1844.

Notes

Attribution

1820 births
1886 deaths
19th-century English Anglican priests
Fellows of Lincoln College, Oxford
British biblical scholars
Anglican biblical scholars
People from Pickering, North Yorkshire
People from Great Leighs


title: Noblesville Airport

text:
Noblesville Airport (I80) is a privately owned, public use airport located in Noblesville, Indiana. The airport has a single turf runway that is 3580 ft × 100 ft. This airport has 24 single-engine airplanes and, on average, sees 134 flights per week.

References

Airports in Indiana


title: Dick Richards (journalist)

text:
Dick Richards was a journalist who covered entertainment and showbusiness matters, sometimes in a Sunday Pictorial column called 'The Bright Lights'.

He appeared as a castaway on the BBC Radio programme Desert Island Discs on 8 March 1965.

In 2012 a collection of photographs was found in a house clearance, showing Richards in the company of stars such as Charlie Chaplin, Burt Lancaster, Marilyn Monroe, Ginger Rogers, Frank Sinatra, and David Niven.

Bibliography

  (as editor)

References

Year of birth missing
Place of birth missing
Year of death missing
Place of death missing
British male journalists


The North Korea Sanctions Enforcement Act of 2013 () was a bill that increased the sanctions against North Korea for pursuing nuclear proliferation.

The bill was passed by the United States House of Representatives during the 113th United States Congress,

Background

North Korea–United States relations developed primarily during the Korean War, but in recent years have been largely defined by North Korea's three tests of nuclear weapons, its development of long-range missiles capable of striking targets thousands of miles away, and its ongoing threats to strike the United States and South Korea with nuclear weapons and conventional forces.

The 2013 Korean crisis, also referred to as the North Korean crisis by media, was an escalation of tensions between North Korea and South Korea, the United States, and Japan that began because of United Nations Security Council Resolution 2087, which condemned North Korea for the launch of Kwangmyŏngsŏng-3 Unit 2. The crisis was marked by extreme escalation of rhetoric by the new North Korean administration under Kim Jong-un and actions suggesting imminent nuclear attacks against South Korea, Japan, and the United States.

According to a recent Gallup poll, North Korea is the most disliked nation in the United States, with only about 11% of Americans viewing North Koreans favorably.

Provisions of the bill
This summary is based largely on the summary provided by the Congressional Research Service, a public domain source.

The North Korea Sanctions Enforcement Act of 2013 would direct the President to investigate credible information of sanctionable activities involving North Korea and to designate and apply sanctions with respect to any person (referred to as a "designated person" and includes business entities, nongovernmental organizations, and governmental entities operating as business enterprises) the President determines is knowingly:

contributing, through the export to or import from North Korea of any goods or technology, to the use, development, production, stockpiling, or acquisition of nuclear, radiological, chemical, or biological weapons, or any device or system designed to deliver such weapons;
exporting, or facilitating the export of, defense articles and services to North Korea, or from North Korea to any other country;
exporting, or facilitating the export of, any luxury goods to North Korea;
providing, selling, leasing, registering, or reflagging a vessel, aircraft, or other conveyance, or providing insurance or any other shipping or transportation service used to transport goods to or from North Korea, for purposes of facilitating a specified unlawful activity or evading a regulation established under this Act or the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA);
transferring, paying, exporting, withdrawing, or otherwise dealing with any property or interest in property of the government of North Korea for purposes of facilitating such unlawful activity or evading such regulations;
engaging in or facilitating censorship by North Korea; or
committing or facilitating a serious human rights abuse by North Korea.

The bill would direct the President to designate and exercise IEEPA authorities with respect to the government of North Korea as well as any person or foreign government the President determines has been:

listed or sanctioned under any regulation, specified executive order, or the IEEPA for illicit activities or activities concerning North Korea's :*proliferation of weapons of mass destruction;
sanctioned under U.N. Security Council resolutions concerning North Korea's proliferation of weapons of mass destruction; or
convicted of a criminal offense for engaging in sanctionable activities.

The bill would authorize the President to exercise IEEPA authorities with respect to any foreign government or financial institution the President determines to be:

engaging in sanctionable activities involving North Korea;
failing to freeze funds, assets, or economic resources of a person designated pursuant to the requirements above or that could be used to facilitate sanctionable activities relating to imports or exports;
failing to monitor import and export transactions appropriately;
permitting any North Korean financial institution to open any new branches, offices, or joint ventures within its jurisdiction, or to take an ownership interest in, or establish or maintain a correspondent relationship with any bank in its jurisdiction, if it could be used to facilitate sanctionable import or export activities;
failing to prohibit transfers of bulk cash to and from North Korea in facilitation of sanctionable import or export activities;
providing public financial support for trade with North Korea to facilitate such import or export activities; or
facilitating the use of any proceeds of the bribery of North Korean government officials, or the misappropriation, theft, or embezzlement of public funds by, or for the benefit of, such officials.

The bill would set forth civil and criminal penalties under the IEEPA.

The bill would establish the North Korea Enforcement and Humanitarian Fund in which assets subject to criminal, civil, or administrative forfeiture or penalties are to be deposited for the enforcement of this Act and to carry out humanitarian activities under the North Korean Human Rights Act of 2004.

The bill would express the sense of Congress that the government of North Korea should be treated as a primary money laundering concern that may be required to undertake special measures with respect to the recordkeeping and reporting of certain financial transactions as well as the identification of customers or retention of information relating to certain beneficial ownership, payable-through, or correspondent accounts. Directs the Secretary of the Treasury to require domestic financial institutions to apply special measures to certain designated entities.

The bill would direct domestic financial institutions to terminate various accounts maintained for persons, foreign governments, or financial institutions required to be designated as engaging in sanctionable activity under this Act and for foreign financial institutions providing services to such designated entities.

The bill would prohibit a designated person that is a domestic financial institution from serving as a primary dealer in U.S. debt instruments or as a repository for U.S. funds.

The bill would set forth authority for the President to prohibit certain foreign exchange and banking transactions, revoke transaction licenses, and direct the United States Secretary of State to deny visas to designated aliens.

The bill would permit the President to impose sanctions against persons providing specialized financial messaging services to designated North Korean financial institutions.

The bill would require a validated license for exports to North Korea under the Export Administration Act of 1979. Prohibits munitions and defense articles from being provided to North Korea under the Arms Export Control Act regardless of whether it is designated as a state sponsor of terrorism.

The bill would bar U.S. government contracts from being provided to designated persons.

The bill would authorize the seizure or forfeiture of vessels or aircraft used to facilitate sanctionable activities.

The bill would direct the President to withhold assistance to the governments of countries providing defense articles or services to North Korea or receiving such articles or services from North Korea.

The bill would set forth exceptions to designations under this Act and authorizes the President to waive designations and sanctions, for a period of up to one year, upon the President's submission to Congress of a determination that the waiver:

protects vital U.S. economic and national security interests,
benefits entities cooperating with investigations, and
addresses humanitarian aid considerations while meeting other specified standards. Permits the President to temporarily suspend sanctions with a certification to Congress under specified circumstances and to prescribe rules for removing sanctions.

The bill would direct issuers of financial securities regulated by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to disclose activities relating to North Korea in annual and quarterly reports.

The bill would authorize state and local governments to divest assets and prohibit investments in companies that invest in North Korea.

The bill would exempt North Korea from the jurisdictional immunity of foreign states, thereby enabling plaintiffs to seek certain damages against North Korea regardless of whether it is designated as a state sponsor of terrorism.

Congressional Budget Office report
This summary is based largely on the summary provided by the Congressional Budget Office, as ordered reported by the House Committee on Foreign Affairs on May 29, 2014. This is a public domain source.

H.R. 1771 would expand existing sanctions against North Korea. The Congressional Budget Office (CBO) estimates that implementing the bill would cost $10 million over the 2015-2019 period, assuming appropriation of the estimated amounts. Pay-as-you-go procedures apply to this legislation because it would affect direct spending and revenues; however, CBO estimates that those effects would not be significant.

Provisions of H.R. 1771 would increase administrative costs of the United States Department of State and the United States Department of the Treasury. Based on information from the Administration, CBO estimates that the departments would hire 10 additional employees to implement the bill and would require additional appropriations averaging $2 million a year over the 2015-2019 period.

Procedural history
The North Korea Sanctions Enforcement Act of 2013 was introduced into the United States House of Representatives on April 26, 2013, by Rep. Edward R. Royce (R, CA-39). The bill was referred to the United States House Committee on Foreign Affairs, the United States House Committee on Ways and Means, the United States House Committee on the Judiciary, the United States House Committee on Financial Services, the United States House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform, the United States House Ways and Means Subcommittee on Trade, and the United States House Judiciary Subcommittee on Crime, Terrorism, Homeland Security and Investigations. On July 28, 2014, the bill was reported (amended) alongside House Report 113-560 part 1. The House voted on July 28, 2014, to pass the bill in a voice vote.

Debate and discussion
Rep. Ed Royce, who introduced the bill, said that "by shutting down North Korea's illicit activities, we deprive the Kim regime of the money he needs to pay his generals and to conduct nuclear weapons research." Royce also argued that "North Korea is undoubtedly one of the most significant security threats that we here face and our allies face."

Rep. Gerry Connolly (D-VA) also supported the bill, arguing that "the U.S. will not and cannot allow an authoritarian regime to operate with impunity and threaten our national security and that of our allies."

The North Korea Freedom Coalition supported the bill, encouraging Americans to contact their Members of Congress about the bill. According to the organization, the bill "would impose tough, targeted financial sanctions on North Korean leaders who are responsible for crimes against humanity and would significantly decrease North Korea's profoundly egregious human rights abuses."

An editorial in The Boston Globe called for the passage of the bill as a way for the United States to unilaterally "step up the pressure on this irresponsible regime."

See also
List of bills in the 113th United States Congress
Economic sanctions
International sanctions
Chemical weapon proliferation
Nuclear proliferation

References

External links

Library of Congress - Thomas H.R. 1771
beta.congress.gov H.R. 1771
GovTrack.us H.R. 1771
OpenCongress.org H.R. 1771
WashingtonWatch.com H.R. 1771
Congressional Budget Office's report on H.R. 1771
House Report 113-560 part 1 on H.R. 1771

Proposed legislation of the 113th United States Congress
North Korea–United States relations
Sanctions legislation
United States sanctions


title: Rampersad

text:
Rampersad, also spelt Ramprasad or Rampersaud, is a surname common in Trinidad and Tobago, Guyana, Suriname, the Caribbean, Fiji, South Africa, and Mauritius. The name is common among Caribbean Hindus, but also among others as a result of ethnic mixing. It is also common among many Christians as well. Many people of this surname have migrated to the United States and Canada as well. Sundar Popo wrote a song called Rampersad.

The name derives from the Indian name Ramprasad, which is a common name among Bhojpuri (a Hindi dialect) speaking areas of the states of Bihar and Uttar Pradesh of northern and eastern India. Prasad in Sanskrit means refers to an offering of food given to the idol (murti) of a god. Although the word is pronounced in Sanskrit as Prasad, the pronunciation changes in Bhojpuri to Parsad or Persad.  This is reflected in the Caribbean name as, from 1834 to 1917, indentured plantation workers from chiefly Bhojpur were dispersed far and wide across the world including the Caribbean, Suriname, Fiji and Mauritius. In India it is used as a first name, but the descendants of the indentured laborers in the European colonies used their fathers' first name as their surname.

People of this given name
Rampersad Parasram, Trinidadian Hindu religious leader, politician and doctor

People of this surname

 Andre Rampersad, Trinidadian footballer
 Arnold Rampersad, Trinidadian-American academic, biographer and literary critic
 Capil Rampersad, Trinidadian cricketer
 Denis Rampersad, Trinidadian cricketer
 Kris Rampersad, Trinidadian journalist, academic and activist

References

Hindu given names
Surnames
Surnames of Indian origin
Hindustani-language surnames
Surnames of Hindu origin
Indo-Caribbean
Indo-Guyanese people
Indian diaspora in Fiji
Indian diaspora in Trinidad and Tobago
Indian diaspora in Suriname
Indian diaspora in South Africa
Indian diaspora in Mauritius
Bihari-language surnames


title: The House of the Yellow Carpet

text:
The House of the Yellow Carpet () is a 1983 Italian giallo film directed by Carlo Lizzani.

Plot
Franca and her husband Antonio decide to sell a yellow rug which was a gift from Franca's stepfather. One day, while Antonio is out, a strange man responding to their advertisement rings saying he wishes to buy the rug. But the man's visit becomes a nightmare as he overstays his welcome. He kidnaps Franca and tells her he murdered his wife on that same yellow rug. Franca winds up killing the man.

Cast
Cast adapated from Blood & Black Lace.
 Beatrice Romand as Franca
 Erland Josephson as Achille Cimatti
 Vittorio Mezzogiorno as Antonio
 Milena Vukotic as the psychiatrist

Production and style
The House of the Yellow Carpet was the first film by Carlo Lizzani after his four year tenure as the director of the Venice Film Festival.  The film was adapted from Aldo Selleri's 1978 radio play Teatro a domicilio and was adapted by Filiberto Bandini and Lucio Battistrada.

Film critic and historian Roberto Curti stated that despite promotional material suggested that the material was part of a "horror-thriller fad", that the film was closer to the gialli of the 1930s. Adrian Luther Smith, echoed this statement referring to the film as a psychological thriller, stating despite some more violent scenes, "the emphasis is on pulling the proverbial rug, er carpet from beneath the audience's feet."

Release and reception
The House of the Yellow Carpet was released in 1983. It was released by Lightning video in the United States as The House of the Yellow Carpet.

Adrian Luther Smith, wrote in his book Blood & Black Lace that viewers "willing to accept a dose of strong black humor with your giallo, then you'll be able to stomach the eccentricities on offer here."

See also
 List of Italian films of 1983

References

Sources

External links

1983 films
Giallo films
1980s psychological thriller films
Films directed by Carlo Lizzani
Films scored by Stelvio Cipriani
1980s Italian-language films
1980s Italian films
Italian thriller films
Films based on radio series


title: Cycling at the 1960 Summer Olympics – Men's team pursuit

text:
The men's team pursuit at the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome, Italy was held from 27 to 29 August 1960. There were 76 participants from 19 nations.

Competition format

The team pursuit event consisted of both a time trial (with up to 2 teams on the track at the same time) and a series of head-to-head races between 2 teams. There were a total of four rounds: an elimination round, quarterfinals, semifinals, and finals.

 Elimination round: This round was a time trial, with 1 or 2 teams on the track simultaneously. The top 8 times, regardless of heat, advanced to the head-to-head competitions.
 Quarterfinals: There were four quarterfinals. Beginning with the quarterfinals, each round featured a single head-to-head race. The winner of each advanced to the semifinals while the loser was eliminated.
 Semifinals: There two semifinals. The winner of each advanced to the gold medal final, the loser to the bronze medal final.
 Finals: A gold medal final and a bronze medal final were held.

Results

Elimination round

Quarterfinals

Quarterfinal 1

Quarterfinal 2

Quarterfinal 3

Quarterfinal 4

Semifinals

Semifinal 1

Semifinal 2

Finals

Bronze medal final

Gold medal final

Final classification

References

Cycling at the 1960 Summer Olympics
Cycling at the Summer Olympics – Men's team pursuit
Track cycling at the 1960 Summer Olympics


title: Dunlop Srixon Fukushima Open

text:
The Dunlop Srixon Fukushima Open was a professional golf tournament on the Japan Golf Tour. It had always been played at the Grandee Nasushirakawa Golf Club in Nishigō, Fukushima. The prize fund in 2021 was ¥50,000,000, with ¥10,000,000 going to the winner.

Winners

Notes

External links
Coverage on Japan Golf Tour's official site

Former Japan Golf Tour events
Golf tournaments in Japan
Sports competitions in Fukushima Prefecture
Recurring sporting events established in 2014
2014 establishments in Japan


title: Hohe Schule

text:
Hohe Schule may refer to:

 Hohe Schule (film), a 1934 Austrian film also called The Secret of Cavelli
 Hohe Schule (university), an alternative name for the University of Ingolstadt
 Hohe Schule, Herborn, a former higher education institute in Germany
 Hohe Schule, Loosdorf, a former Lutheran German grammar school (gymnasium) in Loosdorf, Austria
 Hohe Schule (hill), a hill in Bavaria, Germany
 Hohe Schule (equestrianism), a form of dressage in haute ecole riding
 Advanced School of the NSDAP, the ideological university of the Nazi Party


title: Ljubica Otašević

text:
Ljubica "Buba" Otašević (; born August 2, 1933 – April 12, 1998) was a Yugoslav and Serbian actress, body double, and basketball player.

Early life
Born in the village of Ljutovnica near Gornji Milanovac to a Royal Yugoslav Air Force officer father Božidar Otašević and mother Olga, young Ljubica grew up in Belgrade with a younger brother Duda. Their father was among the Yugoslav airmen that defended the country in April 1941 during the German invasion before getting captured by the invading Germans and taken to a Nazi concentration camp in Osnabrück where he was imprisoned until the end of World War II. In the meantime, her mother Olga had left the family so that young Ljubica and her brother were raised by their grandmother Danica in an apartment on Deligradska Street in Belgrade. Following the war, due to his royalist worldview, their father Božidar was unwilling to return home to Yugoslavia that had in the meantime become a communist people's republic. Otašević could thus only meet with her father abroad, which was further made difficult by FPR Yugoslavia's strict exit criteria. Still, she did manage to see him twice, in 1953 and 1954, in Italy and France, respectively, while playing in basketball tournaments with her club.

Simultaneously with basketball, Otašević enrolled at the University of Belgrade's Faculty of Philosophy.

Basketball career
Eighteen-year-old Otašević began playing basketball at ŽKK Crvena zvezda in 1951.

She also made the Yugoslav national team and competed at the 1954 European Women's Basketball Championship held at home in Belgrade. It was the very first time that the Yugoslavia women's national basketball team appeared in a major international competition. Playing alongside her club teammates Gordana Baraga, Cmiljka "Cica" Kalušević, and Aleksandra Gec, Otašević appeared in six games at the competition, recording a total of 19 points (3.2ppg). The Yugoslav team made the final round where it lost four of its five games, ending the competition in fifth place.

Two years later, she represented Yugoslavia again at the 1956 European Women's Basketball Championship in Czechoslovakia. This time, Yugoslavia failed to make it out of their preliminary round-robin group and had to go to the classification round, eventually finishing the competition in ninth place. Otašević appeared in 7 games, scoring a total of 35 points (5.0ppg).

In 1957, the twenty-four-year-old student left FPR Yugoslavia for Italy, ostensibly to study Italian as part of university exchange. Although she would visit Yugoslavia briefly on few occasions, she never again returned to live in the country.

Acting career
Otašević's career in movies started in 1957 shortly after her arrival to Italy from Yugoslavia. Several months later, during a short stay in England, the twenty-four-year-old got spotted by a Columbia Pictures producer and representative Carl Foreman who hired Otašević to be Sophia Loren's body double in the English film director Carol Reed's movie The Key starring Loren and William Holden that was filmed between July and December 1957 on various locations in England such as Henley-on-Thames, Isle of Portland, and Elstree Studios in Borehamwood. Due to Loren's absence from the set in the first days of shooting, Otašević reportedly appears in most of the frames where the character has her back to the camera or her face is not shown close-up.

Fifty-four-year-old Hollywood film star Cary Grant—who was married to Betsy Drake at the time and whose turbulent affair with Loren had just ended—soon became aware of Loren's body double Otašević and began to pursue the young Yugoslav, leading to a romantic involvement between the two. By January 1959, he brought her to Hollywood, signing her to a contract with his production company that did business with Universal Pictures and enrolling her in acting classes with a view of jump-starting a movie career for his young lover.

During summer 1960, Otašević briefly came back home to Belgrade in order to film her small part in .

In the early 1960s, in Rome, Otašević got a few roles in Italian movies such as Il gobbo, peplum film Il trionfo di Maciste, and comedy Maurizio, Peppino e le indossatrici. She appeared in these films using the alias Liuba Bodin.

Personal life
In 1950, seventeen-year-old Otašević, a junior basketball player within the ŽKK Crvena zvezda youth system, began dating twenty-two-year-old KK Crvena zvezda and Yugoslavia national team small forward Srđan Kalember. Their respective families had a prior history as their fathers were both Royal Yugoslav Air Force officers; Srđan's father Jovan was the commanding officer to Otašević's father Božidar and, furthermore, both men were captured by the Germans in 1941 and imprisoned in the same Osnabrück concentration camp. Following World War II, Kalember's father returned to the newly-communist Yugoslavia while Otašević's father decided not to, staying abroad in Western Europe until his death in 1956. A year into dating Kalember, Otašević made the Crvena zvezda women's team full squad. For the next few years, they functioned as a prominent sports couple in the city of Belgrade, both wearing number 12 jerseys in KK Crvena zvezda's men's and women's teams, respectively, as basketball gained popularity throughout the post-war Yugoslav society. Their relationship lasted three and a half years before ending in 1954.

A great beauty by many accounts, Otašević attracted plenty of male attention, with reports of various prominent men — such as the JNA general Peko Dapčević, UDBA security operative , and writer Ivo Andrić — coming to the Crvena Zvezda courts at Kalemegdan in order to watch her play.

After the relationship with Kalember ended, Otašević started dating another professional athlete — FK Partizan footballer Miloš Milutinović.

Soon after her 1957 move to Italy and appearance in The Key as Sophia Loren's body double, Otašević began a relationship with Hollywood movie star Cary Grant, twenty-eight years her senior and married to Betsy Drake at the time. Fresh off seeing his extramarital affair with Loren end in turbulent fashion, Grant jumped into a relationship with her body double Otašević. At first, the couple was mostly apart as Otašević lived in Rome while Grant divided his time between England and the United States, but, by January 1959, he brought her to Hollywood. Grant reportedly even accompanied Otašević when she briefly went back to Yugoslavia for her grandmother Danica's funeral. In December 2006, his love letters to Otašević, written between March 1958 and January 1959, were auctioned off at Christie's in London.

In the early 1960s, she caught the eye of flamboyant baron Enrico "Ricky" di Portanova, the American-born, Italian-raised son of an Italian baron, Paolo di Portanova, and American mother Lillie Cullen, the daughter of oil tycoon Hugh Roy Cullen. The young couple initially lived in Rome where di Portanova ran a jewelry business. After getting married, the couple moved to Houston, Texas in order for di Portanova to try and collect his share of his late maternal grandfather's oil inheritance, which he eventually succeeded in doing. By the mid-to-late 1960s, Otašević's marriage to di Portanova was on the rocks and the two officially divorced in 1972.

Following a divorce settlement in which she reportedly got USD1.5 million, Otašević divided her time between her property in Houston and a villa in Marbella, Spain.

In popular culture
In the 2015 Serbian sports drama We Will Be the World Champions, Otašević is portrayed by Nina Janković.

References

External links

1933 births
1998 deaths
People from Gornji Milanovac
Sportspeople from Moravica District
Serbian women's basketball players
Yugoslav women's basketball players
20th-century Serbian actresses
Yugoslav actresses
ŽKK Crvena zvezda players
Serbian film actresses


title: Mammillaria gigantea

text:
Mammillaria gigantea is a species of cactus in the subfamily Cactoideae native to Mexico. It is named for its large size.

References

Plants described in 1898
gigantea


title: Shoukhrat Mitalipov

text:
Shoukhrat Mitalipov (, ; born 1961) is an American biologist who heads the Center for Embryonic Cell and Gene Therapy at the Oregon Health & Science University in Portland. He is a well known pioneer of many nuclear transplantation studies and was named in 2013 by journal Nature as "the cloning chief". Mitalipov is also a godfather of a gene therapy, known as mitochondrial replacement therapy, that prevents inheritance of mitochondrial diseases. He discovered a new way of creating human stem cells from skin cells.

Early life
Mitalipov was born in 1961 in Almaty, Kazakhstan, then part of the Soviet Union. He is of Uyghur ancestry. He served two years in Soviet military, beginning in 1979, as an army radio technician.

Education
After the military, Mitalipov studied genetics at the Timiryazev Agricultural Academy in Moscow and also played blues guitar in a cover band to pay the bills. After his graduation from the academy, he worked for a short time as the chief livestock specialist in a kolkhoz in the Yaroslavl region. He received his master's degree in 1989. He earned his PhD in developmental and stem cell biology from the Research Centre of Medical Genetics in Moscow. After the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991 funding for stem cell research was scarce, so Mitalipov applied for and won a fellowship at Utah State University in 1995. He started working at the Oregon National Primate Research Center in 1998, where he could work with monkeys, which share 98% of their DNA with humans; at Utah State Mitalipov had worked with cow DNA.

Breakthroughs
A therapy for mitochondrial diseases that Mitalipov discovered, the "spindle transfer" technique, involves removing the nucleus from a human egg and placing it into another. If the egg is fertilized, in genetic terms it would have three parents. Mitalipov has successfully bred "three-parent" rhesus macaques. The possibility of using the procedure on human eggs has raised safety and ethics questions.

In May 2013, Mitalipov and his team published a study in Cell that describes a new process for creating human stem cells from skin cells. The stem cell discovery made several journals' "Top 10" scientific breakthrough lists in 2013, including Nature, Science, Time, Discover, National Geographic and The Week.

In August 2017, Mitalipov's collaborative work with the Institute for Basic Science, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, Seoul National University, BGI-Shenzhen and BGI-Qingdao, was published in Nature. performed the first known successful attempt at genetically correcting mutant human embryos, using the CRISPR/Cas9 gene modifying tool.

Mitalipov and his team experimented upon a larger number of human embryos carrying a genetic defect causing heart disease. They demonstrated the possibility of safely and efficiently correcting the defective gene that cause inherited heart disease.

Honors and awards

 1995 – Fellowship award, Exchange Visitor Program "Cooperation in Applied Sciences and Technologies (CAST)". Development of culture system to maintain pluripotency of bovine embryonic stem cells. Utah State University.
 2010 – Recipient of the 2010 Discovery Award, The Medical Research Foundation of Oregon
 2010 – Recipient of 2010 Women's Health Research Award, the Center for Women's Health, Circle of Giving
 2013 – Recognized by journal Nature as top 10 people who mattered in 2013
 2017 – Recipient of "Thousand Talents Plan" Award in China in the category of the Recruitment Program for Foreign Experts

Salient publications

— Widely cited including by:

See also
Uyghur Americans
Chimera (genetics)
Human cloning
Nuclear transfer
Germline gene therapy

References

External links
Shoukhrat Mitalipov at the Oregon National Primate Research Center
Center for Embryonic Cell and Gene Therapy

1961 births
Living people
Oregon Health & Science University people
American people of Kazakhstani descent
American people of Uyghur descent
21st-century American biologists
People from Almaty
Stem cell researchers


title: Azerbaijan Golf Challenge Open

text:
The Azerbaijan Golf Challenge Open was a golf tournament on the Challenge Tour. It was first played in August 2014 at the National Azerbaijan Golf Club in Quba, Azerbaijan. It was the first professional golf tournament in Azerbaijan.

Winners

References

External links
Coverage on the Challenge Tour's official site

Former Challenge Tour events
Sport in Azerbaijan
2014 establishments in Azerbaijan


title: Same-sex marriage in the Fourth Circuit

text:
On July 28, 2014 the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals upheld a ruling in Bostic v. Schaefer striking down Virginia's same-sex marriage ban which is a precedent for every state within the circuit. The ruling would have gone into effect on August 21, 2014 but the Supreme Court of the United States granted the stay request by the clerk of Prince William County. Attorneys for two same-sex couples had until August 18, 2014 to respond to the stay request. The Fourth Circuit consists of Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia. Maryland was the first state in the circuit to enact gay marriage by legislative act and confirmed by a voter referendum. That occurred prior to the Fourth Circuit Court ruling that was denied review at the Supreme Court, which led to same-sex marriage expansion to Virginia, West Virginia, and North Carolina.

North Carolina Attorney General Roy Cooper announced soon after the ruling that he would no longer defend NC's ban on same-sex unions in court, saying "Our office believes the judges in North Carolina are bound by this 4th Circuit decision," he said. "In addition, the State of North Carolina will acknowledge the 4th Circuit opinion that marriage is a fundamental right."

On August 8, 2014, Virginia Attorney General Mark Herring asked the United States Supreme Court to review the Fourth Circuit's decision. Even though Herring supports marriage for same-sex couples, he asked for review because "[t]he question presented is vital to a large population of same-sex couples, to their children, and to their fellow Americans who believe that discriminating against gay people is both unfair and unconstitutional. They may fairly call this 'the defining civil rights issue of our time.'"

On October 6, 2014, the Supreme Court denied certiorari for the appeal, making the Fourth Circuit's decision final.  Virginia promptly began solemnizing same-sex marriages.

On November 20, 2014, the Supreme Court declined to issue a stay on a lower District Court ruling overturning South Carolina's same-sex marriage ban, removing all legal obstacles to same-sex marriage in South Carolina.

Same-sex marriage is legal in every state within the circuit.

See also
Same-sex marriage
Same-sex marriage in the United States
Same-sex marriage in the Ninth Circuit
Same-sex marriage in the Seventh Circuit
Same-sex marriage in the Tenth Circuit
Same-sex marriage in the Sixth Circuit

References

United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit
4


title: Bandar (port)

text:
Bandar or Bunder (in Persian بندر) is a Persian word meaning "port" and "haven". Etymologically it combines Persian بند Band (enclosed) and در dar (gate, door) meaning "an enclosed area" (i.e. protected from the sea) derived from Sanskrit/Avestan Bandha (to tieup) and Dwara (entrance). The word travelled with Persian sailors over a wide area leading to several coastal places in Iran and elsewhere having Bandar (haven) as part of their names. In some Indian languages the word Bandargah means "port". In Indonesian Malay it means "port". In Assamese-Bengali languages "bondor" means port.

Places

Various ports around the world derive their names from the word "bandar". Some of them are listed (country-wise) below.

Bangladesh
 Bandar Upazila
 Bandar Thana

India
The west coast of India, with its historic links to Persia, has several place names that include the word bunder.
The city of Bombay historically had a number of piers along its waterfronts, each named after the cargo it typically handled (or at times a landmark or important personality). The piers have long gone, but the place names continue to be used today. A coastal town in Andhra Pradesh by name Machilipatnam is also called Bandar by the local people over there. These include:
 Apollo Bunder
 Akhtar Bunder
 Arthur Bunder
 Ballard Bunder
 Boree Bunder (boree = sack or bag)
 Brick Bunder
 Carnac Bunder
 Chendani Bunder
 Chinch Bunder
 Chincholi Bunder
 Colsa Bunder (colsa = coal)
 Dana Bunder (dana = grain)
 Ghod Bunder (ghod = horses)
 Haji Bunder
 Hay Bunder
 Kerosene Bunder
 Lakdi Bunder (lakdi = timber)
 Masjid Bunder (masjid = mosque - however, this pier was named after the Gate of Mercy Synagogue)
 Machilipatnam or Masulipatnam is also called Bundaru by Andhra people in Andhra Pradesh
 Mith Bunder
 Nagla Bunder
 Reti Bunder (reti = sand)
 Tank Bunder
 Wadi Bunder
 Zakaria Bunder
Similarly, in the state of Gujarat, several town names include the word bunder:
 Bhavnagar
 Ferry Bunder
 Old Bunder
 Billimoria
 Vakharia Bunder
 Jambusar
 Kavi Bunder
 Tankari Bunder
 Jamnagar
 Bedi Bunder
 Salaya Bunder
 Sikka Bunder
 Rozi Bunder
 Vadinar Bunder
 Kandla
 Jafarwadi Bunder
 Tuna Bunder
 Porbunder
 Valsad
 Valsad Bunder
 Veraval Bunder
 Bhidiya Bunder
 Khadi Bunder
 Nava Bunder
 Veraval Bunder
 Sanjan
 Sanjan Bunder

Indonesia
 Banda Aceh
 Bandar Lampung
 Banjarmasin

Iran
 Bandar Abbas
 Bandar Anzali
 Bandar Imam
 Bandar Lengeh
 Bandar Torkman
 Bandar Charak
 Bandar-e Olya
 Bandar-e Sofla, Mazandaran
 Bandar, Isfahan
 Bandar, Kermanshah
 Bandar, Yazd
 Bondar (disambiguation)
 Bandor (disambiguation)

Malaysia
 Bandar Baru Bangi
 Bandar Bayan Baru
 Bandar Tun Razak
 Bandar Samariang
 Bandar Seberang Jaya
 Bandar Seri Putra
 Bandar Sri Damansara

Oman
 Bandar Khayran
 Bandah Jadidah
 Bandar Jissah

Pakistan
 Keti Bandar
 Shamal Bandar

Somalia and the East African Coast
 Bandar Beyla
 Boosaaso, formerly known as Bandar Qaasim
 A coastal region of Somalia is called Banaadir, however Arab geographers applied the term historically to all port cities of the East African coast, from Somalia to Mozambique.

Other countries
 Bandar el-Mansura, Egypt
 Bandar Seri Begawan, capital of Brunei
 Bandar, Afghanistan
 Bandar, India
 The Bund, a district in Shanghai, China
 Bandara, linked to original Persian "port", A name, a title, for a clan of chieftains in central highlands of Sri Lanka, whose origins date back to early migrations from Northwest India.
 Al Bandar, Abu Dhabi, UAE.

References

Place name etymologies
Persian words and phrases
Bengali words and phrases


title: Erzsébet Rákóczi

text:
Erzsébet Rákóczi (1655–1707), was a Hungarian countess and poet.

She was the daughter of the judge Paul Rákóczi. In 1669 she married count Erdödy Adam and in 1672 she married count György Erdödy. In the 1670s, she possibly had an affair with her friend, Paul Esterhazy. In 1685, she and her spouse had a crisis in their marriage which attracted wide attention and was the subject for court proceedings. Officially reconciled, they lived separated since then: she at her estate in Croatia, and he in Vienna.

Erzsébet Rákóczi is known for her love poems and for the letters from her correspondence with her spouse from 1672 to 1707, which are regarded as important historic documents.Those love letters were published in 2001. Also, she had an art collection, but after her death it was dispersal between several aristocratics collectors.

Notes

17th-century Hungarian people
1655 births
1707 deaths
17th-century Hungarian women writers
17th-century writers
Hungarian nobility
Erzsebet


title: Sanaz Marand

text:
Sanaz Marand (; born June 21, 1988) is an American former tennis player.

In her career, she won two singles titles and 20 doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit. In October 2014, she reached her best singles ranking of world No. 242. In November 2015, she peaked at No. 119 in the doubles rankings.

Marand made her WTA Tour debut at the 2014 Washington Open in doubles, partnering with Louisa Chirico; they lost to Arina Rodionova and Olivia Rogowska in the first round.

Marand played collegiate tennis at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, where she received All American honors and graduated in 2010.

ITF Circuit finals

Singles: 5 (2 titles, 3 runner–ups)

Doubles: 37 (20 titles, 17 runner–ups)

References

External links

1988 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Katy, Texas
American female tennis players
North Carolina Tar Heels women's tennis players
American people of Iranian descent
Sportspeople of Iranian descent
Tennis people from Texas


title: Gymnastics at the 2002 Asian Games – Men's floor

text:
The men's floor competition at the 2002 Asian Games in Busan, South Korea was held on 1 and 4 October 2002 at the Sajik Gymnasium.

Schedule
All times are Korea Standard Time (UTC+09:00)

Results

Qualification

Final

References

2002 Asian Games Report, Page 435
 Results

External links
 Official website

Artistic Men Floor


title: Francisco Mujica (cyclist)

text:
Francisco Mujica (born 20 February 1936) is a former Venezuelan cyclist. He competed in the individual road race and team time trial events at the 1960 Summer Olympics.

References

External links

1936 births
Living people
Venezuelan male cyclists
Olympic cyclists for Venezuela
Cyclists at the 1960 Summer Olympics
Sportspeople from Portuguesa (state)


title: Provincial-controlled division

text:
A provincial-controlled division (), is an unofficial designation for a type of administrative division of China. Every provincial-controlled divisions is officially considered to be a county-level city or county, but it has more power de facto because it is directly under the province similar to prefectural-level divisions.

List of provincial-controlled divisions

Hubei
 Tianmen
 Xiantao
 Qianjiang
 Shennongjia

Henan
 Jiyuan
 Gongyi
 Ruzhou
 Dengzhou
 Yongcheng
 Huaxian (county)
 Changyuan County
 Lankao County
 Gushi County
 Luyi County
 Xincai County

Xinjiang
Note: all cities are governed by the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (XPCC, Bintuan)
 Shihezi
 Aral
 Tumxuk
 Wujiaqu
 Beitun
 Tiemenguan
 Shuanghe

Jilin
 Gongzhuling
 Meihekou

Liaoning
 Suizhong County
 Changtu County

Gansu
 Dunhuang
 Yumen

Hebei
 Dingzhou
 Xinji

Heilongjiang
 Suifenhe
 Fuyuan County

Guizhou
 Renhuai
 Weining County

Anhui
 Guangde County
 Susong County

Guangxi
 Cenxi
 Guiping
 Pingxiang
 Wuming County
 Liujiang County
 Xing'an County
 Yangshuo County
 Rongxian (county)
 Debao County
 Du'an County

Jiangsu
 Kunshan
 Taixing
 Shuyang County

Shandong
 Laiyang
 Anqiu
 Rongcheng
 Shanghe County
 Gaoqing County
 Jinxiang County
 Sishui County
 Tancheng County
 Pingyi County
 Ningyang County
 Shenxian (county)
 Guanxian (county)
 Caoxian (county)
 Juancheng County
 Xiajin County
 Qingyun County
 Huimin County
 Yangxin County
 Lijin County
 Juxian (county)

Guangdong
 Shunde District
 Yangchun
 Gaozhou
 Yingde
 Puning
 Luoding
 Nanxiong
 Xingning
 Longchuan County
 Wuhua County
 Boluo County
 Xuwen County
 Raoping County
 Zijin County
 Fengkai County

Jiangxi
 Gongqingcheng
 Ruijin
 Fengcheng
 Poyang County
 Anfu County
 Nancheng County

Administrative divisions of China
Sub
County-level divisions of the People's Republic of China


The Spanish Civil War and the British Left: Political Activism and the Popular Front is a 2007 book by Lewis H. Mates.

Overview
Mates uses archival research and an analysis of local newspapers to offer an account of the effects of the Spanish Civil War on North East England. Though the North East did not historically have a significant radical left presence, it nonetheless saw a significant mobilisation in support of the Spanish Republic.

Mates uses the case study of the North East to test assumptions about the British response to the Civil War, and argues that the popular front strategy pursued by the Communist Party of Great Britain (CPGB) was inadequate and a distraction from the need to end the policy of non-intervention. He also contends with the "popular frontist" assumption that the popular front was the best means available for British people to support the Spanish Republic, instead arguing that direct action in the form of mass strikes would have been more successful in placing pressure on the British government to intervene. The popular front strategy, Mates writes, was "inimical to providing the Spanish Republic with what it needed to fight Franco".

Critical reception
Tom Buchanan, writing in The English Historical Review, questioned Mates's commentary on working-class Catholics' reactions to the Red Terror and the lack of the detail offered on topics including aid initiatives, but described the book as " a valuable addition to the burgeoning literature on Britain and the Spanish Civil War, and one that deserves to be read alongside—and as a corrective to—the 'national' studies." In History, Paul Corthorn questioned Mates's account of the influence of the "popular frontist" interpretation of events, but praised his engagement with Buchanan on the question of Catholics and described the book as "a carefully researched examination" with "much to commend it." Julius Ruiz, in The Historical Journal, described The Spanish Civil War and the British Left as "a significant addition to the historiography" and praised Mates's discussion of the impact of the popular front strategy on the CPGB, but took issue with his belief that industrial action could have proved a better strategy or succeeded in changing government policy.

See also
 Foreign involvement in the Spanish Civil War

References

External links
 The Spanish Civil War and the British Left at Google Books

2007 non-fiction books
British non-fiction books
History books about England
Spanish Civil War books
History books about the 20th century
21st-century history books
Politics of North East England
I.B. Tauris books


title: Media in North Platte, Nebraska

text:
North Platte, Nebraska is a center of media in west-central Nebraska. The following is a list of media outlets in the city.

Print

Newspapers
The North Platte Telegraph is the city's primary newspaper, published six days a week and owned by Lee Enterprises. In addition, Flatrock Publishing publishes a weekly alternative newspaper, the North Platte Bulletin.

Radio
The following is a list of radio stations licensed to and/or broadcasting from North Platte:

AM
 880 KRVN Lexington (Full-service/agricultural/classic country)
 970 KJLT North Platte (Christian radio)
 1240 KODY North Platte (Talk/sports)
 1410 KOOQ North Platte (Classic hits)

FM
 89.3 KJTF North Platte (Southern gospel)*
 90.1 KFJS North Platte (Christian radio)*
 91.7 KPNE-FM North Platte (NPR; satellite of KUCV, Lincoln)*
 93.5 KZTL Paxton (Country)
 94.3 KROA North Platte (Christian contemporary)
 94.9 KJLT-FM North Platte (Christian contemporary)
 97.1 KELN North Platte (Hot adult contemporary)
 98.5 KHAQ Maxwell (Classic rock)
 99.7 KOGA-FM Ogallala (Variety hits)
 100.7 KRNP Sutherland (Active rock)
 103.5 KXNP North Platte (Country)
 106.5 KMCX Ogallala (Country)
 107.3 KNPQ Hershey (Country)

Television
North Platte is the principal city of the North Platte television market which includes three counties in west-central Nebraska: Lincoln County, Logan County, and McPherson County.

The following is a list of television stations that broadcast from and/or are licensed to the city.

 2 KNOP-TV North Platte (NBC)
 9 KPNE-TV North Platte (PBS, satellite of KUON, Lincoln)
 10 KNPL-LD North Platte (CBS; MyNetworkTV on LD2)
 11 KIIT-CD North Platte (Fox)
 27 KHGI-CD North Platte (ABC/NTV)
 30 KMBB-LD North Platte (Hope Channel, 3ABN on LD2)
 49 K49LK-D North Platte (Independent religious)
 50 K50JI North Platte (Independent religious)

References

Mass media in Nebraska


title: Socialist Alternative (Canada)

text:
Socialist Alternative is a socialist group in Canada active in youth and student activities, unions, environmental movements, and campaigns for economic and social justice. Socialist Alternative works under the belief that capitalism is incapable of providing a society wherein the majority thrive.

The group was founded as Labour Militant in 1986, a faction within the New Democratic Party of Canada (NDP). It withdrew from the NDP in 1996 and called instead for the creation of a new workers' party due to the drift of the NDP and other social democratic parties around the world towards liberal policies, particularly the Third Way and Blairism as inspired by then British Labour Party leader Tony Blair. Labour Militant changed its name to Socialist Resistance before adopting the name Socialist Alternative in 1999

In British Columbia, Socialist Alternative has endorsed the BC Federation of Labour's "Fight for 15" campaign for a $15 minimum wage and works actively on this campaign.

It works closely with Alternative Socialiste in Quebec and is affiliated with International Socialist Alternative, an international socialist organization. The ISA section in the United States, which has the same name, has attracted some attention with the election victory in Seattle of Socialist Alternative city councillor Kshama Sawant in 2013.

Political views

References

Far-left politics in Canada
Canada
Trotskyist organizations in Canada


title: ZAZ-969

text:
The ZAZ-969 (also called LuAZ-969) is a Soviet four-wheel drive automobile built by the Zaporizhia Automobile Building Plant. The first Soviet vehicle with front wheel drive, it was based on the LuAZ-967.

Development
Developing ideas from the unbuilt Moskvitch 415 prototype, designers used the LuAZ-967 as a basis for a four-wheel drive. vehicle They added a body to the LuAZ's bare form, and fitted a   MeMZ-966 air-cooled four-cylinder engine. No other mechanical changes were made.

Its pioneering (for a Soviet car) front wheel drive was due to a lack of drivable rear axles from the supplier, which was giving priority to the LuAZ-967. Nevertheless, the ZAZ-969 performed well, with a weight of only  (thanks in part to a soft top) and an  wheelbase. The transmission was a four-speed.

Production
A pre-production batch of fifty was created in 1965, dubbed ZAZ-969, and production was authorized in 1966 as the ZAZ-969V. It was built by ZAZ until 1971, when LuAZ took over. When LuAZ took over production (making it the LuAZ-969), four-wheel drive became standard. In 1975, the LuAZ-969A replaced the original LuAZ-969, offering a new   MeMZ-969 four-cylinder engine. It survived until 1979. This was followed by a hard-top panel van version in 1977, known as the LuAZ-969F, with a  payload, which was only built in small quantities.

LuAZ began developing a replacement for the LuAZ-969A in 1974, the LuAZ-969M; it entered production in 1979. It was named Volin, for the region around Lutsk (where the factory was located). It retained the  engine, but changed to disk brakes with servo assist. Door locks were added. Folding windshield was standard.

Exports were limited, though it proved popular in Italy, where Martorelli also offered it with a Ford engine.

References

Sources

ZAZ vehicles
1970s cars
Soviet automobiles
Cars introduced in 1965


title: Amori pericolosi

text:
Amori pericolosi is a 1964 anthology film consisting of three segments directed by Alfredo Giannetti, Carlo Lizzani and Giulio Questi.

Cast
 Il generale
 Grégoire Aslan: The General
 Sandra Milo:  The lover of the General
 Marco Tulli
La ronda
 Frank Wolff: The husband
 Ornella Vanoni: The prostitute
 Vittorio Congia
 Glauco Onorato
Il passo
 Frank Wolff: The husband
 Juliette Mayniel: The wife
 Graziella Granata: The maid
 Jean Sorel: The legionary
 Gérard Blain: The attendant
 Bice Valori: The servant

Production
Director Giulio Questi was a last minute addition as a director for Amori pericolosi. Questi recalled that Peppino Amato and Moris Ergas were both the initial producers for the film and that Amato died which led to Ergas taking over as the producer. The film was shot in 1961 and only released later in 1964.

Release
Amori pericolosi was distributed theatrically in Italy by Cineriz on 14 August 1964. The film grossed a total of 48,300,000 Italian lire. Film historian and critic Roberto Curti described the films box office presence in Italy as being "passed unnoticed".

Reception
According to Curti, critics did not like Amori pericolosi, especially "Il passo" directed by Giulio Questi, with critic Alberto Abruzzese  finding it conveying "an old and decrepit theme with a formal refinement that was between mannered decadence and a misunderstood naturalism."

References

Sources

External links

1964 films
Italian comedy films
French comedy films
Films directed by Carlo Lizzani
Films directed by Alfredo Giannetti
Italian anthology films
Films directed by Giulio Questi
1964 comedy films
French anthology films
Films scored by Carlo Rustichelli
1960s Italian films
1960s French films


title: Equivalent definitions of mathematical structures

text:
In mathematics, equivalent definitions are used in two somewhat different ways. First, within a particular mathematical theory (for example, Euclidean geometry), a notion (for example, ellipse or minimal surface) may have more than one definition. These definitions are equivalent in the context of a given mathematical structure (Euclidean space, in this case). Second, a mathematical structure may have more than one definition (for example, topological space has at least seven definitions; ordered field has at least two definitions).

In the former case, equivalence of two definitions means that a mathematical object (for example, geometric body) satisfies one definition if and only if it satisfies the other definition.

In the latter case, the meaning of equivalence (between two definitions of a structure) is more complicated, since a structure is more abstract than an object. Many different objects may implement the same structure.

Isomorphic implementations

Natural numbers may be implemented as 0 = , 1 =  = , 2 =  = , 3 =  =  and so on; or alternatively as 0 = , 1 =  =, 2 =  =  and so on. These are two different but isomorphic implementations of natural numbers in set theory.
They are isomorphic as models of Peano axioms, that is, triples (N,0,S) where N is a set, 0 an element of N, and S (called the successor function) a map of N to itself (satisfying appropriate conditions). In the first implementation S(n) = n ∪ ; in the second implementation S(n) = . As emphasized in Benacerraf's identification problem, the two implementations differ in their answer to the question whether 0 ∈ 2; however, this is not a legitimate question about natural numbers (since the relation ∈ is not stipulated by the relevant signature(s), see the next section). Similarly, different but isomorphic implementations are used for complex numbers.

Deduced structures and cryptomorphisms

The successor function S on natural numbers leads to arithmetic operations, addition and multiplication, and the total order, thus endowing N with an ordered semiring structure. This is an example of a deduced structure. The ordered semiring structure (N, +, ·, ≤) is deduced from the Peano structure (N, 0, S) by the following procedure:
n + 0 = n,   m + S (n) = S (m + n),   m · 0 = 0,   m · S (n) = m + (m · n), and m ≤ n if and only if there exists k ∈ N such that m + k = n. And conversely, the Peano structure is deduced from the ordered semiring structure as follows: S (n) = n + 1, and 0 is defined by 0 + 0 = 0. It means that the two structures on N are equivalent by means of the two procedures.

The two isomorphic implementations of natural numbers mentioned in the previous section are isomorphic as triples (N,0,S), that is, structures of the same signature (0,S) consisting of a constant symbol 0 and a unary function S. An ordered semiring structure (N, +, ·, ≤) has another signature (+, ·, ≤) consisting of two binary functions and one binary relation. The notion of isomorphism does not apply to structures of different signatures. In particular, a Peano structure cannot be isomorphic to an ordered semiring. However, an ordered semiring deduced from a Peano structure may be isomorphic to another ordered semiring. Such relation between structures of different signatures is sometimes called a cryptomorphism.

Ambient frameworks

A structure may be implemented within a set theory ZFC, or another set theory such as NBG, NFU, ETCS. Alternatively, a structure may be treated in the framework of first-order logic, second-order logic, higher-order logic, a type theory, homotopy type theory etc.

Structures according to Bourbaki

"Mathematics [...] cannot be explained completely by a single concept such as the mathematical structure. Nevertheless, Bourbaki's structuralist approach is the best that we have." ()

"Evident as the notion of mathematical structure may seem these days, it was at least not made explicit until the middle of the 20th century. Then it was the influence of the Bourbaki-project and then later the development of category theory which made the notion explicit" (nLab).

According to Bourbaki, the scale of sets on a given set X consists of all sets arising from X by taking Cartesian products and power sets, in any combination, a finite number of times. Examples: X; X × X; P(X); P(P(X × X) × X × P(P(X))) × X. (Here A × B is the product of A and B, and P(A) is the powerset of A.) In particular, a pair (0,S) consisting of an element 0 ∈ N and a unary function S : N → N belongs to N × P(N × N) (since a function is a subset of the Cartesian product). A triple (+, ·, ≤) consisting of two binary functions N × N → N and one binary relation on N belongs to P(N × N × N)  × P(N × N × N)  × P(N × N). Similarly, every algebraic structure on a set belongs to the corresponding set in the scale of sets on X.

Non-algebraic structures on a set X often involve sets of subsets of X (that is, subsets of P(X), in other words, elements of P(P(X))). For example, the structure of a topological space, called a topology on X, treated as the set of "open" sets; or the structure of a measurable space, treated as the σ-algebra of "measurable" sets; both are elements of P(P(X)). These are second-order structures.

More complicated non-algebraic structures combine an algebraic component and a non-algebraic component. For example, the structure of a topological group consists of a topology and the structure of a group. Thus it belongs to the product of P(P(X)) and another ("algebraic") set in the scale; this product is again a set in the scale.

Transport of structures; isomorphism

Given two sets X, Y and a bijection f : X → Y, one constructs the corresponding bijections between scale sets. Namely, the bijection X × X → Y × Y sends (x1,x2) to (f(x1),f(x2)); the bijection P(X) → P(Y) sends a subset A of X into its image f(A) in Y; and so on, recursively: a scale set being either product of scale sets or power set of a scale set, one of the two constructions applies.

Let (X,U) and (Y,V) be two structures of the same signature. Then U belongs to a scale set SX, and V belongs to the corresponding scale set SY. Using the bijection F : SX → SY constructed from a bijection f : X → Y, one defines:
 f is an isomorphism between (X,U) and (Y,V) if F(U) = V.
This general notion of isomorphism generalizes many less general notions listed below.
 For algebraic structures: isomorphism is a bijective homomorphism.
 In particular, for vector spaces: linear bijection.
 For partially ordered sets: order isomorphism.
 For graphs: graph isomorphism.
 More generally, for sets endowed with a binary relation: relation-preserving isomorphism.
 For topological spaces: homeomorphism or topological isomorphism or bi continuous function.
 For uniform spaces: uniform isomorphism.
 For metric spaces: bijective isometry.
 For topological groups: group isomorphism which is also a homeomorphism of the underlying topological spaces.
 For topological vector spaces: isomorphism of vector spaces which is also a homeomorphism of the underlying topological spaces.
 For Banach spaces: bijective linear isometry.
 For Hilbert spaces: unitary transformation.
 For Lie groups: a bijective smooth group homomorphism whose inverse is also a smooth group homomorphism.
 For smooth manifolds: diffeomorphism.
 For symplectic manifolds: symplectomorphism.
 For Riemannian manifolds: isometric diffeomorphism.
 For conformal spaces: conformal diffeomorphism.
 For probability spaces: a bijective measurable and measure preserving map whose inverse is also measurable and measure preserving.
 For affine spaces: bijective affine transformation.
 For projective spaces: homography.
In fact, Bourbaki stipulates two additional features. First, several sets X1, ..., Xn (so-called principal base sets) may be used, rather than a single set X. However, this feature is of little use. All the items listed above use a single principal base set. Second, so-called auxiliary base sets E1, ..., Em may be used. This feature is widely used. Indeed, the structure of a vector space stipulates not only addition X × X → X but also scalar multiplication R × X → X (if R is the field of scalars). Thus, R is an auxiliary base set (called also "external"). The scale of sets consists of all sets arising from all base sets (both principal and auxiliary) by taking Cartesian products and power sets. Still, the map f (possibly an isomorphism) acts on X only; auxiliary sets are endowed by identity maps. (However, the case of n principal sets leads to n maps.)

Functoriality

Several statements formulated by Bourbaki without mentioning categories can be reformulated readily in the language of category theory. First, some terminology.
 The scale of sets is indexed by "echelon construction schemes", called also "types". One may think of, say, the set P(P(X × X) × X × P(P(X))) × X as a set X substituted into the formula "P(P(a × a) × a × P(P(a))) × a" for the variable a; this formula is the corresponding echelon construction scheme. (This notion, defined for all structures, may be thought of as a generalization of the signature defined only for algebraic structures.)
 Let Set* denote the groupoid of sets and bijections. That is, the category whose objects are (all) sets, and morphisms are (all) bijections.

Proposition.  Each echelon construction scheme leads to a functor from Set* to itself.

In particular, the permutation group of a set X acts on every scale set SX.

In order to formulate one more proposition, the notion "species of structures" is needed, since echelon construction scheme gives only preliminary information on a structure. For example, commutative groups and (arbitrary) groups are two different species of the same echelon construction scheme. Another example: topological spaces and measurable spaces. They differ in the so-called axiom of the species. This axiom is the conjunction of all required properties, such as "multiplication is associative" for groups, or "the union of open sets is an open set" for topological spaces.
 A species of structures consists of an echelon construction scheme and an axiom of the species.

Proposition.  Each species of structures leads to a functor from Set* to itself.

Example. For the species of groups, the functor F maps a set X to the set F(X) of all group structures on X. For the species of topological spaces, the functor F maps a set X to the set F(X) of all topologies on X. The morphism F(f) : F(X) → F(Y) corresponding to a bijection f : X → Y is the transport of structures. Topologies on Y correspond bijectively to topologies on X. The same holds for group structures, etc.

In particular, the set of all structures of a given species on a given set is invariant under the action of the permutation group on the corresponding scale set SX, and is a fixed point of the action of the group on another scale set P(SX). However, not all fixed points of this action correspond to species of structures.

Given two species, Bourbaki defines the notion "procedure of deduction" (of a structure of the second species from a structure of the first species). A pair of mutually inverse procedures of deduction leads to the notion "equivalent species".

Example. The structure of a topological space may be defined as an open set topology or alternatively, a closed set topology. The two corresponding procedures of deduction coincide; each one replaces all given subsets of X with their complements. In this sense, these are two equivalent species.

In the general definition of Bourbaki, deduction procedure may include a change of the principal base set(s), but this case is not treated here. In the language of category theory one have the following result.

Proposition.  Equivalence between two species of structures leads to a natural isomorphism between the corresponding functors.

However, in general, not all natural isomorphisms between these functors correspond to equivalences between the species.

Mathematical practice

"We often do not distinguish structures that are isomorphic and often say that two structures are the same, up to isomorphism."
"When studying structures we are interested only in their form, but when we prove their existence we need to construct them."

'Mathematicians are of course used to identifying isomorphic structures in practice, but they generally do so by "abuse of notation", or some other informal device, knowing that the objects involved are not "really" identical.' (A radically better approach is expected; but for now, Summer 2014, the definitive book quoted above does not elaborate on structures.)

In practice, one makes no distinction between equivalent species of structures.

Usually, a text based on natural numbers (for example, the article "prime number") does not specify the used definition of natural numbers. Likewise, a text based on topological spaces (for example, the article "homotopy", or "inductive dimension") does not specify the used definition of a topological space. Thus, it is possible (and rather probable) that the reader and the author interpret the text differently, according to different definitions. Nevertheless, the communication is successful, which means that such different definitions may be thought of as equivalent.

A person acquainted with topological spaces knows basic relations between neighborhoods, convergence, continuity, boundary, closure, interior, open sets, closed sets, and does not need to know that some of these notions are "primary", stipulated in the definition of a topological space, while others are "secondary", characterized in terms of "primary" notions. Moreover, knowing that subsets of a topological space are themselves topological spaces, as well as products of topological spaces, the person is able to construct some new topological spaces irrespective of the definition.

Thus, in practice a topology on a set is treated like an abstract data type that provides all needed notions (and constructors) but hides the distinction between "primary" and "secondary" notions. The same applies to other kinds of mathematical structures. "Interestingly, the formalization of structures in set theory is a similar task as the formalization of structures for computers."

Canonical, not just natural

As was mentioned, equivalence between two species of structures leads to a natural isomorphism between the corresponding functors. However, "natural" does not mean "canonical". A natural transformation is generally non-unique.

Example. Consider again the two equivalent structures for natural numbers. One is the "Peano structure" (0,S), the other is the structure (+, ·, ≤) of ordered semiring. If a set X is endowed by both structures then, on one hand, X =  where S(an) = an+1 for all n and 0 = a0; and on the other hand, X =  where bm+n = bm + bn, bm·n = bm · bn, and bm  ≤bn if and only if m ≤ n. Requiring that an = bn for all n one gets the canonical equivalence between the two structures. However, one may also require a0 = b1, a1 = b0, and an = bn for all n > 1, thus getting another, non-canonical, natural isomorphism. Moreover, every permutation of the index set  leads to a natural isomorphism; they are uncountably many!

Another example. A structure of a (simple) graph on a set V =  of vertices may be described by means of its adjacency matrix, a (0,1)-matrix of size n×n (with zeros on the diagonal). More generally, for arbitrary V an adjacency function on V × V may be used. The canonical equivalence is given by the rule: "1" means "connected" (with an edge), "0" means "not connected". However, another rule, "0" means "connected", "1" means "not", may be used, and leads to another, natural but not canonical, equivalence. In this example, canonicity is rather a matter of convention. But here is a worse case. Instead of "0" and "1" one may use, say, the two possible orientations of the plane R2 ("clockwise" and "counterclockwise"). It is difficult to choose a canonical rule in this case!

"Natural" is a well-defined mathematical notion, but it does not ensure uniqueness. "Canonical" does, but generally is more or less conventional. A consistent choice of canonical equivalences is an inevitable component of equivalent definitions of mathematical structures.

See also

 Concrete category
 Abuse of terminology#Equality vs. isomorphism
 Equivalence of categories

Notes

Footnotes

References
.
.

Further reading
.
.
.

External links
 nLab:structured set "Almost everything in contemporary mathematics is an example of a structured set." (quoted from Section "Examples")
 nLab: structure in model theory
 nLab: stuff, structure, property
 MathOverflow: What is the definition of “canonical”? "a rule of thumb: there is a canonical isomorphism between X and Y if and only if you would feel comfortable writing X = Y" (Reid Barton)
 Abstract Math:Mathematical structures "When you think of a structure it is best to think of it as containing all that information, not just the stuff in the definition" (Charles Wells)
 MathStackExchange: A pedantic question about defining new structures in a path-independent way `We would continue making statements like, "A topological space is determined by its open sets," but would never make a statement like, "A topological space is an ordered pair  such that..."'
 MathStackExchange: Does there exist another way of obtaining a topological space from a metric space equally deserving of the term “canonical”?

Equivalence (mathematics)
Mathematical structures


title: Markov chain approximation method

text:
In numerical methods for stochastic differential equations, the Markov chain approximation method (MCAM) belongs to the several numerical (schemes) approaches used in stochastic control theory. Regrettably the simple adaptation of the deterministic schemes for matching up to stochastic models such as the Runge–Kutta method does not work at all.

It is a powerful and widely usable set of ideas, due to the current infancy of stochastic control it might be even said 'insights.' for numerical and other approximations problems in stochastic processes. They represent counterparts from deterministic control theory such as optimal control theory.

The basic idea of the MCAM is to approximate the original controlled process by a chosen controlled markov process on a finite state space. In case of need, one must as well approximate the cost function for one that matches up the Markov chain chosen to approximate the original stochastic process.

See also
Control theory
Optimal control
Stochastic differential equation
Differential equation
Numerical analysis
Stochastic process

References

Markov processes

de:Markow-Kette


title: Ahbach Formation

text:
The Ahbach Formation is a geologic formation in Germany. It preserves fossils dating back to the Middle Devonian period.

Fossil content
The formation has provided among others the following fossils:

 Alveolites intermixtus
 Aulopora serpens
 Favosites saginatus
 Heliolites porosus
 Pachytheca stellimicans
 Platyaxum (Platyaxum) escharoides
 Platyaxum (Egosiella) clathratum
 Pseudopalaeoporella lummatonensis
 Thamnophyllum caespitosum
 Thamnopora nicholsoni
 Thamnopora cf. dubia
 Cupressocrinites sp.
 Girvanella sp.
 Resteignella sp.
 Sphaerocodium sp.
 ?Couvinianella sp.
 Trilobita indet.

See also
 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Germany

References

Further reading
 S. M. L. Pohler, D. Brühl, and B. Mestermann. 1999. Struves Mud Mound am Weinberg - carbonate buildup-Fazies im otomari-Intervall, Hillesheimer Mulde, Eifel [Struve's mud mound from the Weinberg Quarry - carbonate buildup facies within the otomari interval, Hillesheim syncline, Eifel Hills]. Senckenbergiana lethaea 79(1):13-29
 U. Koch-Fruchtl and C. T. Gee. 1994. Middle Devonian Pseudopalaeoporella lummatonensis from the Rhenish Schiefergebirge (Sauerland and Eifel), Western Germany. Palaeontographica Abteilung B 232:1-13
 B.-P. Lütte. 1993. Zur stratigraphischen Verteilung tabulater Korallen im Mittel-Devon der Sätenicher Mulde (Rheinisches Schiefergebirge, Nord-Eifel). Geologica et Palaeontologica 27:55-71

Geologic formations of Germany
Devonian System of Europe
Devonian Germany
Devonian southern paleotemperate deposits
Devonian southern paleotropical deposits
Eifelian Stage
Givetian Stage
Limestone formations
Mudstone formations
Lagoonal deposits
Reef deposits
Shallow marine deposits


title: Juan José Timón

text:
Juan José Timón (18 November 1937 – 13 July 2001) was a Uruguayan cyclist. He competed at the 1960 Summer Olympics and the 1964 Summer Olympics.

References

External links

1937 births
2001 deaths
Uruguayan male cyclists
Olympic cyclists for Uruguay
Cyclists at the 1960 Summer Olympics
Cyclists at the 1964 Summer Olympics
People from Fray Bentos
Pan American Games medalists in cycling
Pan American Games gold medalists for Uruguay
Pan American Games silver medalists for Uruguay
Competitors at the 1959 Pan American Games
Cyclists at the 1963 Pan American Games
Medalists at the 1959 Pan American Games
Medalists at the 1963 Pan American Games


title: Buechel Formation

text:
The Buechel Formation is a geologic formation in Germany. It preserves fossils dating back to the Devonian period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Germany

References

Devonian Germany
Devonian southern paleotropical deposits


title: Bücheler Formation

text:
The Bücheler Formation is a geologic formation in Germany. It preserves fossils dating back to the Devonian period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Germany

References

Geologic formations of Germany
Devonian System of Europe
Devonian Germany
Devonian southern paleotropical deposits


title: Cürten Formation

text:
The Cürten Formation is a geologic formation in Germany. It preserves fossils dating back to the Devonian period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Germany

References

Geologic formations of Germany
Devonian System of Europe
Devonian Germany
Devonian southern paleotropical deposits


title: Dreimühlen Formation

text:
The Dreimühlen Formation is a geologic formation in Germany. It preserves fossils dating back to the Devonian period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Germany

References

Geologic formations of Germany
Devonian System of Europe
Devonian Germany
Devonian southern paleotropical deposits


title: Eckfeld Formation

text:
The Eckfeld Formation is a geologic formation in Germany. It preserves fossils dating back to the Devonian period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Germany

References

Geologic formations of Germany
Devonian System of Europe
Devonian Germany
Devonian southern paleotemperate deposits


title: Elbingerode Reef Formation

text:
The Elbingerode Reef Formation is a geologic formation in Germany. It preserves fossils dating back to the Devonian period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Germany

References

Geologic formations of Germany
Devonian System of Europe
Devonian Germany
Reef deposits
Devonian southern paleotropical deposits


title: Erbslochgrauwacke Formation

text:
The Erbslochgrauwacke Formation is a geologic formation in Germany. It preserves fossils dating back to the Devonian period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Germany

References

Geologic formations of Germany
Devonian System of Europe
Devonian Germany
Devonian southern paleotemperate deposits


title: Etroeungt Formation

text:
The Etroeungt Formation is a geologic formation in Germany. It preserves fossils dating back to the Devonian period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Germany

References

Geologic formations of Germany
Devonian System of Europe
Devonian Germany
Devonian southern paleotropical deposits


title: Finnentrop Formation

text:
The Finnentrop Formation is a geologic formation in Germany. It preserves fossils dating back to the Devonian period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Germany

References

Geologic formations of Germany
Devonian System of Europe
Devonian Germany
Devonian southern paleotropical deposits


title: Flinz Limestone

text:
The Flinz Limestone is a geologic formation in Germany. It preserves fossils dating back to the Devonian period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Germany

References

Geologic formations of Germany
Devonian System of Europe
Devonian Germany
Limestone formations
Devonian southern paleotropical deposits


title: Citizens Advice Scotland

text:
Citizens Advice Scotland (CAS), formally the Scottish Association of Citizens Advice Bureaux (SACAB), is a registered charity. Based in Edinburgh it comprises 61 member bureaux, including a national helpline. Together these free local and national services provide legal advice, practical help and information on consumer and political rights across Scotland.

CAS provides central support to local bureaux with management, research, fundraising, IT support, training and campaigning.

CAS launched a national helpline in 2005, called Citizens Advice Direct, staff were based in Glasgow city centre.

In 2012 a study showed that most of CAS's activity was the provision of advice across five areas: benefits, debt, employment, housing  and relationship. In 2012, there were concerns that five of the bureaux in Glasgow might close, however they remained open after accepting a new funding offer.

CAS has been registered as a charity since 3 August 1984, currently registered as a charitable company with the Office of the Scottish Charity Regulator (OSCR), Scottish charity number SC 016637.

References

External links

Charities based in Edinburgh
1975 establishments in Scotland
Organizations established in 1975
Scots law
Welfare in Scotland
Consumer rights organizations
Citizens Advice


title: Freilingen Formation

text:
The Freilingen Formation is a geologic formation in Germany. It preserves fossils dating back to the Devonian period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Germany

References

Geologic formations of Germany
Devonian System of Europe
Devonian Germany
Devonian southern paleotemperate deposits


title: Friiesenrather Schichten Formation

text:
The Friiesenrather Schichten Formation is a geologic formation in Germany.

Geological Period
It preserves fossils dating back to the Devonian period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Germany

References

Geologic formations of Germany
Devonian System of Europe
Devonian Germany
Devonian southern paleotropical deposits


title: Gefell Formation

text:
The Gefell Formation is a geologic formation in Germany. It preserves fossils dating back to the Devonian period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Germany

References

Geologic formations of Germany
Devonian System of Europe
Devonian Germany
Devonian southern paleotemperate deposits


title: Grevenstein Formation

text:
The Grevenstein Formation is a geologic formation in Germany. It preserves fossils dating back to the Devonian period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Germany

References

Geologic formations of Germany
Devonian System of Europe
Devonian Germany
Devonian southern paleotropical deposits


title: Hobräcke Formation

text:
The Hobräcke Formation is a geologic formation in Germany. It preserves fossils dating back to the Devonian period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Germany

References

Geologic formations of Germany
Devonian System of Europe
Devonian Germany
Devonian southern paleotropical deposits
Devonian southern paleotemperate deposits


title: Hohenhöfer Formation

text:
The Hohenhöfer Formation is a geologic formation in Germany. It preserves fossils dating back to the Devonian period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Germany

References

Geologic formations of Germany
Devonian System of Europe
Devonian Germany


title: Honsel Formation

text:
The Honsel Formation is a geologic formation in Germany. It preserves fossils dating back to the Devonian period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Germany

References

Devonian Germany
Devonian southern paleotropical deposits


title: Mühlenberg Formation

text:
The Mühlenberg Formation is a geologic formation in Germany. It preserves fossils dating back to the Devonian period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Germany

References

Geologic formations of Germany
Devonian System of Europe
Devonian Germany
Devonian southern paleotemperate deposits


title: Neichnerberg Formation

text:
The Neichnerberg Formation is a geologic formation in Germany. It preserves fossils dating back to the Devonian period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Germany

References

Geologic formations of Germany
Devonian System of Europe
Devonian Germany
Devonian southern paleotemperate deposits


title: Nellenköpfchen Formation

text:
The Nellenköpfchen Formation is a geologic formation in Germany. It preserves fossils dating back to the Devonian period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Germany

References

Geologic formations of Germany
Devonian System of Europe
Devonian Germany
Devonian southern paleotemperate deposits


title: Newberria Formation

text:
The Newberria Formation is a geologic formation in Germany. It preserves fossils dating back to the Devonian period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Germany

References

Geologic formations of Germany
Devonian System of Europe
Devonian Germany
Devonian southern paleotropical deposits


title: Nohn Formation

text:
The Nohn Formation is a geologic formation in Germany. It preserves fossils dating back to the Devonian period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Germany

References

Geologic formations of Germany
Devonian System of Europe
Devonian Germany
Devonian southern paleotemperate deposits


title: Oberhonsel Formation

text:
The Oberhonsel Formation is a geologic formation in Germany. It preserves fossils dating back to the Devonian period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Germany

References

Geologic formations of Germany
Devonian System of Europe
Devonian Germany
Devonian southern paleotropical deposits


title: Novators

text:
Novators () is a Russian popular-science cartoon which tells about the inventions of Russian scientists.

Plot
It all starts on an ordinary day, when an alien literally falls on the heads of perfectly ordinary school children. The kids quickly find a common language with the visitor from space, and soon the fun intergalactic company is joined by a four-legged friend - hamster. The earthlings invited the alien to use an old refrigerator to use as spare parts for the broken flying saucer. But the refrigerator instead becomes useful in order to create a time machine for him.

The curiosity of the heroes leads them into a totally unexpected situation. They find themselves having to cope with the breakdown of the time machine, cold glacial period, unfriendly Papuan tribe.

Knowledge, wit, friendship and the ability to do something with their hands help the friends successfully overcome all difficulties while making different scientific discoveries.

Background
All of the inventions that aid the heroes of the cartoon are based on original ideas and patented inventions by Russian scientists.

Characters
Phil — cheerleader and 12-year-old captain of the fearless company of young travellers in time, space and exciting worlds of the human intellect.

Nana — Phil's younger sister.

Neo (Neon) — charming alien from the planet Yum, who appeared on Earth because his flying saucer broke down. The accident happened near the house Phil and Nana, who invited Neo to stay with them in the attic.

Tesla — prankish pet hamster, saved by the children from the cat. He loves to eat and consumes a lot of food. Was the absolute master of the attic, before the alien appeared. Fortunately, Tesla and Neo quickly found a common language.

List of episodes

 Kinky guests of the old attic
 Include helpful blob
 Operation "Clean hands"
 Time fridge
 Mask of the ice age
 The magic power of stormy water
 Treasure of Zapatista bottle
 Dental magic
 When cans are closing
 Adventure with a twinkle
 For the phantom with a lantern
 The smoke of the stone age
 Royal fir-tree
 The energy of sea tides
 How to swell the enemy
 Miracle-fuel
 Underwater Safari
 Hunters
 Tent of Hawaiian Plaksa
 Magic wand the Navigator
 Marathon flight
 Jumping on the water
 At Leonardo
 Clean thing
 Humpbacked horse with the motor
 Service for Rome

See also
History of Russian animation

Links
 Official website
 Carousel channel

2011 Russian television series debuts
2015 Russian television series endings
Russian children's animated science fiction television series
STS (TV channel) original programming
Carousel (TV channel) original programming


title: Iberg Reef Formation

text:
The Iberg Reef Formation is a geologic formation in Germany. It preserves fossils dating back to the Devonian period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Germany

References

Geologic formations of Germany
Devonian System of Europe
Devonian Germany
Reef deposits
Devonian southern paleotropical deposits


title: Ihmert Formation

text:
The Ihmert Formation is a geologic formation in Germany. It preserves fossils dating back to the Devonian period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Germany

References

Geologic formations of Germany
Devonian System of Europe
Devonian Germany
Devonian southern paleotemperate deposits


title: Junkerberg Formation

text:
The Junkerberg Formation is a geologic formation in Germany. It preserves fossils dating back to the Devonian period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Germany

References

Geologic formations of Germany
Devonian System of Europe
Devonian Germany
Devonian southern paleotemperate deposits


title: Kahlberg Formation

text:
The Kahlberg Formation is a geologic formation in Germany.

Geological Period
It preserves fossils dating back to the Devonian period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Germany

References

Geologic formations of Germany
Devonian System of Europe
Devonian Germany
Devonian southern paleotemperate deposits


title: Kalkgrauwacke Formation

text:
The Kalkgrauwacke Formation is a geologic formation in Germany. It preserves fossils dating back to the Devonian period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Germany

References

Geologic formations of Germany
Devonian System of Europe
Devonian Germany
Devonian southern paleotemperate deposits


title: Kaub Formation

text:
The Kaub Formation is a geologic formation in Germany. It preserves fossils dating back to the Devonian period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Germany

References

Geologic formations of Germany
Devonian System of Europe
Devonian Germany
Devonian southern paleotemperate deposits


title: Kerpen Formation

text:
The Kerpen Formation is a geologic formation in Germany. It preserves fossils dating back to the Devonian period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Germany

References

Geologic formations of Germany
Devonian System of Europe
Devonian Germany
Devonian southern paleotropical deposits