title: Cloud management

text:
Cloud management is the management of cloud computing products and services.

Public clouds are managed by public cloud service providers, which include the public cloud environment’s servers, storage, networking and data center operations. Users may also opt to manage their public cloud services with a third-party cloud management tool.

Users of public cloud services can generally select from three basic cloud provisioning categories:

 User self-provisioning: Customers purchase cloud services directly from the provider, typically through a web form or console interface. The customer pays on a per-transaction basis.
 Advanced provisioning: Customers contract in advance a predetermined amount of resources, which are prepared in advance of service. The customer pays a flat fee or a monthly fee.
 Dynamic provisioning: The provider allocates resources when the customer needs them, then decommissions them when they are no longer needed. The customer is charged on a pay-per-use basis.

Managing a private cloud requires software tools to help create a virtualized pool of compute resources, provide a self-service portal for end users and handle security, resource allocation, tracking and billing.  Management tools for private clouds tend to be service driven, as opposed to resource driven, because cloud environments are typically highly virtualized and organized in terms of portable workloads.

In hybrid cloud environments, compute, network and storage resources must be managed across multiple domains, so a good management strategy should start by defining what needs to be managed, and where and how to do it.  Policies to help govern these domains should include configuration and installation of images, access control, and budgeting and reporting. Access control often includes the use of Single sign-on (SSO), in which a user logs in once and gains access to all systems without being prompted to log in again at each of them.

Characteristics of Cloud Management

Cloud management combines software and technologies in a design for managing cloud environments. Software developers have responded to the management challenges of cloud computing with a variety of cloud management platforms and tools.  These tools include native tools offered by public cloud providers as well as third-party tools designed to provide consistent functionality across multiple cloud providers.  Administrators must balance the competing requirements of efficient consistency across different cloud platforms with access to different native functionality within individual cloud platforms. The growing acceptance of public cloud and increased multicloud usage is driving the need for consistent cross-platform management. Rapid adoption of cloud services is introducing a new set of management challenges for those technical professionals responsible for managing IT systems and services.

Cloud-management platforms and tools should have the ability to provide minimum functionality in the following categories.  Functionality can be both natively provided or orchestrated via third-party integration.

Provisioning and orchestration:  create, modify, and delete resources as well as orchestrate workflows and management of workloads
Automation:  Enable cloud consumption and deployment of app services via infrastructure-as-code and other DevOps concepts
Security and compliance:  manage role-based access of cloud services and enforce security configurations
Service request:  collect and fulfill requests from users to access and deploy cloud resources.
Monitoring and logging:  collect performance and availability metrics as well as automate incident management and log aggregation
Inventory and classification:  discover and maintain pre-existing brownfield cloud resources plus monitor and manage changes
Cost management and optimization:  track and rightsize cloud spend and align capacity and performance to actual demand
Migration, backup, and DR:  enable data protection, disaster recovery, and data mobility via snapshots and/or data replication

Organizations may group these criteria into key use cases including Cloud Brokerage, DevOps Automation, Governance, and Day-2 Life Cycle Operations.

Enterprises with large-scale cloud implementations may require more robust cloud management tools which include specific characteristics, such as the ability to manage multiple platforms from a single point of reference, or intelligent analytics to automate processes like application lifecycle management. High-end cloud management tools should also have the ability to handle system failures automatically with capabilities such as self-monitoring, an explicit notification mechanism, and include failover and self-healing capabilities.

Multi-Cloud and Hybrid Cloud Management Challenges
Legacy management infrastructures, which are based on the concept of dedicated system relationships and architecture constructs, are not well suited to cloud environments where instances are continually launched and decommissioned. Instead, the dynamic nature of cloud computing requires monitoring and management tools that are adaptable, extensible and customizable.

Cloud computing presents a number of management challenges. Companies using public clouds do not have ownership of the equipment hosting the cloud environment, and because the environment is not contained within their own networks, public cloud customers do not have full visibility or control. Users of public cloud services must also integrate with an architecture defined by the cloud provider, using its specific parameters for working with cloud components. Integration includes tying into the cloud APIs for configuring IP addresses, subnets, firewalls and data service functions for storage.  Because control of these functions is based on the cloud provider’s infrastructure and services, public cloud users must integrate with the cloud infrastructure management.

Capacity management is a challenge for both public and private cloud environments because end users have the ability to deploy applications using self-service portals. Applications of all sizes may appear in the environment, consume an unpredictable amount of resources, then disappear at any time. A possible solution is profiling the applications impact on computational resources. As result, the performance models allow the prediction of how resource utilization changes according to application patterns. Thus, resources can be dynamically scaled to meet the expected demand. This is critical to cloud providers that need to provision resources quickly to meet a growing demand by their applications.

Charge-back—or, pricing resource use on a granular basis—is a challenge for both public and private cloud environments. Charge-back is a challenge for public cloud service providers because they must price their services competitively while still creating profit. Users of public cloud services may find charge-back challenging because it is difficult for IT groups to assess actual resource costs on a granular basis due to overlapping resources within an organization that may be paid for by an individual business unit, such as electrical power. For private cloud operators, charge-back is fairly straightforward, but the challenge lies in guessing how to allocate resources as closely as possible to actual resource usage to achieve the greatest operational efficiency. Exceeding budgets can be a risk.

Hybrid cloud environments, which combine public and private cloud services, sometimes with traditional infrastructure elements, present their own set of management challenges. These include security concerns if sensitive data lands on public cloud servers, budget concerns around overuse of storage or bandwidth and proliferation of mismanaged images. Managing the information flow in a hybrid cloud environment is also a significant challenge. On-premises clouds must share information with applications hosted off-premises by public cloud providers, and this information may change constantly. Hybrid cloud environments also typically include a complex mix of policies, permissions and limits that must be managed consistently across both public and private clouds.

Cloud Management Platforms (CMP)
CMPs provide a means for a cloud service customer to manage the deployment and operation of applications and associated datasets across multiple cloud service infrastructures, including both on-premises cloud infrastructure and public cloud service provider infrastructure. In other words, CMPs provide management capabilities for hybrid cloud and multi-cloud environments.

A cloud management platform (CMP) provides broad cloud management functionality atop both public cloud provider platforms and private cloud platforms. CMPs manage cloud services and resources that are distributed across multiple cloud platforms. The value of CMPs stands in delivering the maximum level of consistency between platforms without compromising depth of functionality. Unfortunately, the meaning of the term "cloud management platform" (CMP) has evolved over the past decade so that the precise meaning of this term is often unclear in discussions of management strategy. One vendor using this term may mean something completely different from another. Selecting the right management approach for cloud services is therefore a complex task. Providers and vendors can further confuse the evaluation by highlighting only their strengths and avoiding their weaknesses. Furthermore, each provider and vendor focuses on solving different aspects of cloud management, making it difficult to compare solutions.

A minimum viable CMP must be able to provide support for all technology stack layers and orchestrate capabilities across them (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS, etc.) It must include a cloud-agnostic tool to support portability/migration to and across hybrid clouds. An integration framework will take advantage of existing automation tools used internally and combine these with new CMP features. The ability to provide native container support across virtual technologies is a prerequisite, and CMPs are now either container ‘native’ (architected using containers) or being reengineered to support containers. Along with standard OS deployments, a CMP’s blueprinting function will enable administrators to create and provide image-based solutions and customized configurations. Integration with other IT assets and databases (CMDB) and role-based access control and governance are key.

As a consolidated control plane for IT operations, one of the primary roles of a CMP is the integration of existing application lifecycle tools, hypervisors, and cloud platforms.  Given that charter, CMPs must integrate with internal and external systems to manage multi-cloud services. The ability to support both published APIs and provide for customization, if needed, is a critical capability.

Key areas of integration include:

 On-premises private cloud - Where the cloud environment exists within the customer organization. Platforms such as VMWare and OpenStack as well as integrated systems such as those from Nutanix, HPE, and others should be integrated to manage private cloud resources. Capabilities should also include integration with container orchestrators such as Kubernetes.
 CSP hosted private cloud – Sometimes called dedicated or managed cloud. Private hosted cloud resources are managed via APIs made available by the private cloud provider, in much the same way as public cloud resources and often include additional staffing to fully manage day to day operations.
 Public cloud service – The CMP must integrate with required public cloud services such as Amazon Web Services (AWS), Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform (GCP), IBM Cloud, Oracle, etc to enable management of resources residing in public cloud services. Integration can be achieved by use of the public APIs of the target cloud service, or by an agent running within the public cloud service environment.
 IT Service Management – It is typical for CMPs to rely on existing enterprise management systems to provide capabilities such as incident management, configuration management, asset management, and financial management.
 Service Automation – Organizations may consider CMP integration with existing automation tools to simplify resource management. Integration with configuration management tools such as Chef and Puppet, and deployment tools such as Terraform are key considerations.

Cloud Services Brokerages
Like any other brokerage firm, a Cloud Services Brokerage (CSB) manages cloud services for clients. Gartner explains that CSBs play an intermediary role in the cloud computing management process. Since there are many Datacenters hosting the provided applications, the role of a service broker becomes very important in choosing the most suitable data center to serve the received request. Cloud services brokerages consolidate cloud services from one or more sources and allow customers to access these services through one portal.

See also
Cloud computing
Private Cloud
Public Cloud
Hybrid Cloud

References

Cloud computing


title: Do You Love Me? (Fiddler on the Roof)

text:
"Do You Love Me?" is a song from the 1964 musical Fiddler on the Roof. It is performed by Tevye and his wife Golde.

Production
Chaim Topol explained:

Synopsis
Tevye and Golde's daughters choose men they love as marital partners. As they themselves had an arranged marriage, Tevye asks Golde if she actually loves him.

Southern Light Opera explains "‘Do You Love Me?’ sums up the confusion in Tevye's mind as times change".

Critical reception
Culture in Northern Ireland described it as "lovely". According to The Irish Times, "In an enchanting duet with his wife, Tevye philosophises about the existence of love in his own 25-year marriage – Do You Love Me is one of the most memorable songs of the evening and captures the vividness of Sheldon Harnick’s lyrics." Daily Breeze says "There’s no surprise at the end of the couple’s duet, “Do You Love Me?” when indeed she reveals her love." Seen and Heard names it "bittersweet". The Shuttle described it as "an inoffensive but adorable highlight". Talkin' Broadway notes one performance was "sweet, charming and completely realistic". Decent Films Guide called it "quietly bittersweet". Des Moines Register named it an "old-married-couple duet".

References

1964 songs
Songs from Fiddler on the Roof
Songs written by Sheldon Harnick
Songs written by Jerry Bock


title: Rishi Dhakal

text:
Rishi Punnakhar Dhakal, is a Nepalese, US-based businessman. He is CEO of Rising International Inc which is among the largest overseas importers of Nepali ready made garments. He is also honorary consul of Nepal for the San Diego California, USA. He received the Commercially Important Person (CIP)  title in Nepal from President of Nepal, Dr. Ram Baran Yadav. He is also vice-president of the Shree Pashupatinath Foundation, USA.

References

Nepalese businesspeople
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people


title: House guest (disambiguation)

text:
A house guest is a guest in the home of a host.

Houseguest or House Guest may refer to:

 Houseguest, 1995 American comedy film
 Houseguest (band), American rock band
 HouseGuest, contestant on Big Brother (TV series)
 House Guest, 2008 British reality TV series
 House Guests, American funk band
 "House Guest", 1962 episode of Alfred Hitchcock Presents

See also
 Guest in the House, 1944 American film noir
 Guest house (disambiguation)


title: For Love or Money (2014 film)

text:
For Love or Money () is a Chinese romance film based on Hong Kong novelist Amy Cheung's 2006 novel of the same name. The film was directed by Gao Xixi and starring Liu Yifei and Rain. Originally slated for release on 11 November 2014, the film was moved earlier to 7 November 2014.

Cast
 Rain as Xu Chengxun
 Liu Yifei as Xing Lu
 Wang Xuebing
 Joan Chen as Xu Chengxun's Mother
 Shao Feng
 Tiffany Tang as Ming Zhen
 Andy On as Lian
 Sun Haiying
 Allen Lin
 Dong Yong

Box office
The film had grossed ¥65.38 million at the Chinese box office.

References

External links

2014 films
2010s Mandarin-language films
2014 romantic drama films
Chinese romantic drama films
Films based on Chinese novels
Films directed by Gao Xixi


title: Mihajlo Arsoski

text:
Mihajlo Arsoski (born September 21, 1995) is a Macedonian professional basketball Power forward who plays for KK Kožuv in the Macedonian First League. He is also a member of the North Macedonia national basketball team.

Arsoski began the 2021–22 season with KK Feniks 2010 Skopje and averaged 2.2 points and 1.2 rebounds per game. On February 28, 2022, he signed with KK Kožuv.

References

External links

1995 births
Living people
KK MZT Skopje players
Macedonian men's basketball players
Basketball players from Skopje
Centers (basketball)


title: Domenico Pellegrini (painter)

text:
Domenico Pellegrini (1759 – 1840), was an Italian painter.

Biography
He was born in Galliera Veneta and became the pupil of Lodovico Gallina. He was active in Venice, Rome, London, Paris, Lisbon, and Naples and is known for portraits and historical allegories. He died in Rome.

References

Domenico Pellegrini on Artnet

1759 births
1840 deaths
18th-century Italian painters
Italian male painters
19th-century Italian painters
Painters from Padua
19th-century Italian male artists
18th-century Italian male artists


title: Salagena quentinlukei

text:
Salagena quentinlukei is a moth in the family Cossidae. It is found in Tanzania and Kenya, where it has been recorded from the Taita Hills. The habitat consists of montane and upper montane areas.

The length of the forewings is about 10 mm. The forewings are deep olive buff with black reticulations forming oblique lines from the costa and apex towards the lower termen. The hindwings are citrine drab with faded blackish reticulations (a net-like pattern) forming oblique lines from the inner margin towards the tornus.

Etymology
The species is named for Quentin Luke.

References

Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

Metarbelinae
Lepidoptera of Kenya
Lepidoptera of Tanzania
Moths described in 2008


title: Clayton D. Moss

text:
Clayton D. Moss (born 25 June 1980) is an Australian actor and writer, born in Sydney, Australia.

Acting career

Television
Clayton's television credits include episodes of All Saints (2008), Underbelly (2009), and Rescue: Special Ops (2010).

Film
Clay made his feature film debut in 2011 with Dealing with Destiny alongside Luke Arnold and Emma Leonard. In a review for the film, Filmink magazine noted him as one of "Australia's emerging acting talent".

Theater
Clayton performed at Belvoir St. Downstairs Theater for the play MATE. He was also cast in Devil May Care's production of John Donnelly's Songs Of Grace And Redemption for The Sydney Fringe in 2010, receiving favorable reviews for his performance of the character Steve. He returned to the Sydney Fringe in 2016 to perform Sarah Kane's Crave to similar critical reception.

Filmography

Bibliography

References

External links

1980 births
Australian male television actors
Living people
Australian male film actors


title: Touchstone Partners

text:
Touchstone Partners is an Indian corporate law firm with cross border transactional expertise. Headquartered in Mumbai, with offices in New Delhi and Bangalore, it advises national and multinational corporations and financial institutions in the context of corporate law and transnational mergers and acquisitions.

Founding and History

A History of Touchstone partners traces its first steps with the setting up Daulet-Singh & Associates in 2002. First located in New Delhi, it operated in the corporate and finance space, following on with the opening of an office in the commercial capital of the country, Mumbai, in 2008. Concurrently, a new name was adopted for the firm – Platinum Partners, with the firm further expanding geographical coverage by opening an office in Bangalore, and then subsequently rebranding to its status as Touchstone Partners on November 1, 2020. The Managing Partner, Karam Daulet-Singh, heads the firm from their headquarters in Mumbai, named as such in 2022.

Areas of Practice

The firm specializes in its core practices of corporate & M&A, private equity, alternative investments & venture capital, competition & antitrust, employment, pensions & benefits and data privacy & security. Their clientele is primarily international, and their command traverses regulatory and internal investigations.

Rankings & Awards
The firm is ranked Band 2 for Corporate M&A by Chambers and Partners, (a UK based, international ranking institution for the legal industry), Band 3 for Competition / Antitrust by Chambers and Partners, and Band 3 for International & Cross-Border Capabilities by Chambers and Partners

The firm is led by Karam Daulet-Singh, Managing Partner, who is responsible for the firm’s profile, client experience and business strategy. Four other Partners, three Counsels and a Senior Adviser lead respective practices, manage business, and client relations.

 Karam Daulet-Singh - Managing Partner – Band 1 in Corporate/M&A by Chambers & Partners
 Anuj Bhatia - Partner
 Gaurav Desai – Partner – Band 4 in Corporate/M&A, and Band 4 in Competition/ Antitrust by Chambers & Partners
 Uday Walia – Partner - Band 3 in Corporate/M&A by Chambers & Partners
 Yashasvi Mohanram – Partner - Band 2 in Corporate/M&A by Chambers & Partners
 Sameeksha Chowla – Counsel
 Shruti Bhat – Counsel
 Yashita Sharma – Counsel
 Vinod Dhall – Senior Adviser – Senior Statespeople by Chambers & Partners
 Samiksha Godiyal – Of-Counsel

Notable Deals

 BP on its fuel retail and mobility joint venture in India with Reliance Industries Limited.
 A leading GCC sovereign wealth fund on several transactions for US$ 3.5 billion+ investment in alternate investment vehicles, including alternative investment funds set up in India and in GIFT City as well as its investments in the infrastructure investment trust promoted by Cube Highways and its consequent listing.
 A leading GCC sovereign wealth fund on the first major overseas listing of an Indian company, ReNew Power, via the SPAC route, involving an enterprise value of US$ 8 billion.
 Tencent on several transactions for US$ 1.5 billion+ investment, including investments in Flipkart, Ola, Swiggy, PolicyBazaar, Cars24, PhonePe, Sharechat, MyGate  and Khatabook.
 Diageo Group on the sale / franchise of certain brands in the ‘Popular’ segment to Inbrew Beverages Private Limited.
 HDFC Limited on obtaining merger control approval in relation to the amalgamation of HDFC Limited into and with HDFC Bank.
 Reliance Industries Limited on obtaining merger control approval for the acquisition by an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Reliance Industries Limited of the polyester business undertakings of two entities of the Shubhalakshmi group.
 DP World on obtaining merger control clearance for Unifeeder, a subsidiary of DP World, in relation to its acquisition of certain entities of the Transworld group.

Investment in Pro bono – Sustain
Touchstone Partners collaborates with a network of not-for-profit organizations that influences systemic social and educational reform in India to develop access to an ecosystem of equity, opportunity, and career placement.

References

Law firms of India


title: Tetragon Financial Group

text:
Tetragon Financial Group Limited (Tetragon) is a Guernsey closed-ended investment company founded in 2005. Its non-voting shares are traded on the Euronext exchange in Amsterdam and on the Specialist Fund Segment of the main market of the London Stock Exchange.

The firm's investment objective is to generate distributable income and capital appreciation and it aims to provide stable returns to investors across credit, equity, interest rate, and inflation cycles. Tetragon's investment manager is Tetragon Financial Management (TFM).  TFM's investment committee includes Reade Griffith, Paddy Dear and Stephen Prince, CEO of TFG Asset Management. Tetragon has offices in London and New York.

History

Tetragon Financial Group was founded in 2005. It is registered in Saint Peter Port, Guernsey, in the Channel Islands and headquartered in the United Kingdom. In 2007, Tetragon went public with an IPO, selling at $10/share, as an Amsterdam-listed closed-end investment company on Euronext. In 2010, Tetragon acquired Lyon Capital Management LLC (LCM) and established a joint venture with John Carrafiell, Sonny Kalsi and Fred Schmidt of GreenOak Real Estate. In October 2012, Tetragon purchased Polygon Management (Polygon). In 2013, Polygon was listed as one of the 50 largest hedge fund managers in Europe by The Hedge Fund Journal. In 2014, Tetragon acquired Equitix, an investor, developer and long-term fund manager of infrastructure and energy-efficient assets in the UK. Equitix has more than $12 billion in assets under management. Also in 2015, Hawke's Point, an asset management company focused on the mining and resource sectors, was formed under the TFG Asset Management umbrella. In 2019, the GreenOak real estate joint venture was merged with Bentall Kennedy to create what is as of December 31, 2022, an $82.6 billion global real estate platform called BentallGreenOak;

Business model
Tetragon has an investment portfolio with a NAV of $2.8 billion. TFG Asset Management is Tetragon's diversified asset management platform and as of December 31, 2022, had over $40 billion in Assets Under Management. TFG Asset Management currently consists of nine asset managers, including Polygon Acasta Partners, LCM, Equitix and BentallGreenOak.

Legal action
In July 2011, Daniel Silverstein, a shareholder of Tetragon, sued the firm. The suit was later dismissed in February, 2012.  In June 2013, Omega Overseas Partners filed a lawsuit against the firm. On August 7, 2014, in an opinion by Judge Richard J. Sullivan, the Court dismissed the Action in its entirety.

External links
 www.tetragoninv.com

References

Private equity portfolio companies
Financial services companies established in 2005


title: Parakala Prabhakar

text:
Parakala Prabhakar (born 2 January 1959) is an Indian political economist and social commentator. He served as Communications Advisor, held a cabinet rank position in Andhra Pradesh Government between July 2014 and June 2018. For several years he presented a current affairs discussion programme on television channels of Andhra Pradesh. His programmes, Pratidhwani on ETV2 and Namaste Andhra Pradesh on NTV. He was also a former spokesman and one of the founding  general secretaries of Praja Rajyam Party. In the early 2000s, Parakala was the spokesperson of the Andhra Pradesh unit of the BJP. He is the spouse of the incumbent union Minister of Finance and Corporate Affairs of India, Nirmala Sitharaman

Personal life
Parakala was born in a prominent Telugu Brahmin family in Narsapuram, Andhra Pradesh. His mother, Parakala Kalikamba was a Member of Legislative Assembly in Andhra Pradesh, while his father, Parakala Seshavatharam, was a long time Legislator and served in three successive Cabinets in the state of Andhra Pradesh in the 1970s and early 1980s.
Parakala completed his doctorate from the London School of Economics. He did his Master of Arts (M.A.) and Master of Philosophy (M.Phil.) from Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU), New Delhi.

Prabhakar married Nirmala Sitharaman in 1986, who became the Minister of Finance and Corporate Affairs  of the Government of India in Narendra Modi's cabinet. They have a daughter.

Political career
He served as the official Spokesperon for BJP before joining Praja Rajyam Party .

He was one of the members singing for the formation of PRP and few days later In September 2008, Parakala Prabhakar was appointed as the official Spokesperson of Praja Rajyam Party. Not More than Eight months, he decides to quit the party before the General elections describing the party as a "Poisonous Tree".

References

4. Review of The Crooked Timber of New India — Essays on a Republic in Crisis: India after 2014 The Hindu June 08, 2023 | Updated June 09, 2023

External links
 LinkedIn
 Twitter

Living people
Jawaharlal Nehru University alumni
Alumni of the London School of Economics
1959 births
People from West Godavari district
Praja Rajyam Party politicians
Bharatiya Janata Party politicians from Andhra Pradesh


title: Joseph Durst

text:
Joseph Durst (January 15, 1882 – December 31, 1973) was an American real estate developer, founder of the Durst Organization, and patriarch of the Durst family.

Early life
Born to a Jewish family, Durst immigrated to the US from Gorlice, Galicia, Austria-Hungary in 1902 with three dollars to his name. He worked as a tailor in New York City and in 1912, he became a full partner in the dress manufacturer, Durst & Rubin. Using the profits from his business, he invested in real estate, purchasing his first building in 1915, the Century Building (at 1 West 34th Street). In 1926, he acquired the original Temple Emanu-El (at 5th Avenue and 43rd Street) from Benjamin Winter Sr., demolishing it in 1927 to build a commercial building. In 1927, he formed the Durst Organization.

Acquisitions and development
Thereafter, the Durst Organization continued to make selective acquisitions including:
In 1929, his first residential building (a 15-story building at Fifth Avenue and 85th Street);
In 1936, the Park Hill Theater and store in Yonkers, New York;
In 1944, 205 East 42nd Street.

Later he shifted the focus of the company from primarily real estate management to new construction and development. He assembled the parcels for and completed the following buildings (all of which the Durst Organization continues to own):
In 1958, a 29-story building at 200 East 42nd Street (655 Third Avenue);
In 1961, the 24-story 733 Third Avenue;
In 1966, the 32-story, 201 East 42nd Street (675 Third Avenue).
In 1968, they purchased Henry Miller's Theatre (the theater was later demolished—although the facade was preserved—to build the Bank of America Tower) and the entire block facing Broadway between 44th and 45th Streets;
In 1969, the 40-story 825 Third Avenue;
In 1970, the 45-story 1133 Avenue of the Americas;

Legacy
In 1973, Joseph Durst died and his son Seymour Durst took control of the company during the real estate crash of the 1970s. The Durst family became one of the most established and prominent real estate families in New York City in the 20th century (along with the Roses, the Lefraks, the Rudins, and the Tisch family). , the Durst Organization continues to be owned and operated by the third generation of the Durst family owning and managing more than 8.5 million square feet of Class A office space in Midtown Manhattan and over 1 million square feet of luxury residential rentals.

Personal life
Durst was married to Rose Friedwald; they had five children: Seymour, Roy, Alma, Edwin and David. Durst was active in the Jewish community, serving on the executive committee of the Jewish Education Association and as president of the Hebrew Free Loan Society for 27 years. Among his grandsons are screenwriter and director Peter Askin, convicted murderer Robert Durst, and head of the Durst Organization, Douglas Durst.

Durst died on New Year's Eve 1973 in his home, 1136 Fifth Avenue.

References

1882 births
1973 deaths
American real estate businesspeople
Emigrants from Austria-Hungary to the United States
Austro-Hungarian Jews
Durst family
People from Gorlice
Businesspeople from New York City


title: Vitória S.C. B

text:
Vitória Guimarães B is a Portuguese football team founded in 2012. They are the reserve team of Vitória Guimarães. Reserve teams in Portugal play in the same league system as the senior team, rather than in a reserve team league. However, they cannot play in the same division as their senior team, so Vitória B is ineligible for promotion to the Primeira Liga and cannot play in the Taça de Portugal and Taça da Liga.

History

Establishment
Prior to the end of the 2011–12 football season in Portugal, seven clubs in the Primeira Liga announced their interest in constructing a B team to fill the six vacant places available to compete in the Segunda Liga for the 2012–13 season. Of those seven, five clubs were selected to take part in the competition considering their position on 2011-12 Primeira Liga, as well as Marítimo, since they had already a B team competing.

The LPFP who organizes the professional football tiers in Portugal announced that for the clubs to compete in the 2012–13 Segunda Liga they would have to pay 50,000 €. In addition the LPFP would also require the clubs to follow new rules regarding player selection in which each 'B' team must have a squad of a minimum of ten players who were formed at the club's academy as well as having an age requirement between 15 and 21 years old. The LPFP also went on to saw that the clubs are unable to compete in cup competitions as well as gaining promotion due to the possibility of playing the senior team. Each 'B' team may have 3 players above 23 years old.

In late May 2012, it was officially announced that the six Primeira Liga clubs' B teams would compete in the 2012–13 Segunda Liga which would increase the number of teams in the league from 16 to 22 as well as increasing the number of games needed to play in one season from thirty games to forty two games.

Start of play
Vitória B played their first game on 12 August 2012, a goalless home draw against S.C. Covilhã at the Estádio do Varzim SC in Póvoa de Varzim. The team ended their debut season with relegation in second-last place.

In 2013–14 under manager Armando Evangelista, Vitória B won instant promotion from the Campeonato Nacional de Seniores with a 2–0 aggregate win over Sport Benfica e Castelo Branco. Five years later, the team slipped into the third tier again in rock-bottom place, after a 2–2 draw with fellow northern reserve team S.C. Braga B on 7 May 2019.

Vitória B won promotion in May 2021 to the new third tier, the Liga 3. Two years later, the team were relegated.

Season-to-season record

Players

Current squad

Out on loan

References

External links
Official homepage

Football clubs in Portugal
Portuguese reserve football teams
2012 establishments in Portugal
Vitória S.C.
Liga Portugal 2 clubs
Association football clubs established in 2012


title: To Life (song)

text:
"To Life" is a song from the 1964 musical Fiddler on the Roof.

Synopsis
The Jewish people of Anatevka joyously sing a hopeful song in the face of an uncertain future. It also serves as a toast to celebrate a wedding agreement between Tevye and Lazar.

Seen and Heard wrote "In the inn scene Tevye leads a toast ‘To Life’ featuring an extravagant display of Jewish and Cossack folk dancing".

Critical reception
NewsWorks described it as a "winning song", and added "the perfectly paced scene changes the tone of the production and accelerates its beat". The Toronto Star says it is a "raucous tavern brawl". Chicago Theater Review deems it a "joyous barroom anthem". Decent Films Guide names it "boisterous". NC Arts Review jokingly noted "Russian dancers show off their culture’s great history of destroying their kneecaps through dance".

In other media
A modified version of the song was sung by Dafna Dekel and Sigal Shachmon during the interval act of the Eurovision Song Contest 1999.

In the eighth episode of the first season of The Big Bang Theory, Drunk Sheldon Cooper performs the song at the Cheesecake Factory.

See also
L'Chaim

References

1964 songs
Songs from Fiddler on the Roof
Songs written by Jerry Bock
Songs written by Sheldon Harnick
Wedding songs


title: Alan Bailey

text:
Sir Alan Marshall Bailey KCB (26 June 1931 – 22 April 2023) was a British civil servant.

Biography
Born in Rushden, Northamptonshire on 26 June 1931, Sir Alan Bailey was educated at Bedford School, at St John's College, Oxford and at Merton College, Oxford. He was Principal Private Secretary to the Chancellor of the Exchequer between 1971 and 1973, Under Secretary at HM Treasury between 1973 and 1978, Deputy Secretary at HM Treasury between 1978 and 1983, Permanent Secretary at HM Treasury between 1983 and 1985, and Permanent Secretary at the Department for Transport between 1986 and 1991. He was an Honorary Fellow of St John's College, Oxford.

Bailey was appointed a Companion of the Order of the Bath (CB) in the 1982 New Year Honours and was promoted to Knight Commander (KCB) in the 1986 Birthday Honours.

Bailey died on 22 April 2023, at the age of 91.

References

1931 births
2023 deaths
People educated at Bedford School
Alumni of St John's College, Oxford
Alumni of Merton College, Oxford
People from Rushden
Knights Commander of the Order of the Bath


title: Immunology (journal)

text:
Immunology is a monthly peer-reviewed medical journal covering all aspects of immunology. The editor-in-chief is Greg Delgoffe (University of Pittsburgh). It was established in 1958 and is published by Wiley-Blackwell. Through 2021, Immunology was an official journal of the British Society for Immunology.

Abstracting and indexing
The journal is abstracted and indexed in:

According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2020 impact factor of 7.397.

References

External links

Immunology journals
Academic journals established in 1958
Wiley-Blackwell academic journals
Monthly journals
English-language journals


title: Okabe (mountain)

text:
Okabe or Occabe, is a  high Pyrenean summit in the Basse-Navarre province of the Basque country in France.

Name
Okʰabe is a hydronym from a spring located on the southern slope.

Topography
Mount Okabe lies on the pyrenean watershed. Cromlechs called harrespils lie on the western slope of the massif.

26 cromlechs or harrespils have been found on the Okabe plateau. Perhaps the area of an ancient pastoral passage, no written record provides any explanation for the presence of these prehistorical or protohistoric relics. Researchers have found pavings and remains of charcoal and ash in the middle of the rings. Corps cremation and funerary rituels suggest it was a necropole.

Access

Possible from Estérençuby or the Irati Forest. From Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port, take the col d'Iraty road, go past la chapelle Saint-Sauveur, go up to the summit of the col de Burdincurutcheta, go down to the plateau d'Iraty and take the D301 road to the col de Sourzay summit. Stop at the house (the only one in 2011). Mount Okabe lies south-east; then about an hour's walk.

Gallery

References

Mountains of the Basque Country (autonomous community)
Mountains of the Pyrenees
Mountains of Pyrénées-Atlantiques
One-thousanders of France


title: Methylocella

text:
Methylocella is a genus of bacteria from the family of Beijerinckiaceae.

References

Beijerinckiaceae
Bacteria genera


title: Paralebedella shimonii

text:
Paralebedella shimonii is a moth in the family Cossidae. It is found in Kenya. The habitat consists of legume-dominated coastal forests.

The length of the forewings is about 12.5 mm. The forewings are buffy brown. The terminal line and subterminal line are formed by dots of mummy brown with a green centre. The hindwings are orange pink with long hairs of begonia rose towards the base, mixed with long hairs of buff yellow.

Etymology
The species is named for Shimoni Lehmann, the son of the author.

References

Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

Endemic moths of Kenya
Metarbelinae
Moths described in 2009


title: Kowner

text:
Kowner is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

 Elyasaf Kowner (born 1970), Israeli artist
 Rotem Kowner (born 1960), Israeli historian and psychologist

See also
 Kovner


title: Guo Meimei (Internet celebrity)

text:
Guo Meimei (; born 15 June 1991), born as Guo Meiling (), is a Chinese Internet celebrity who was involved in some scandals and crimes.

Biography
Guo was born in Yiyang, Hunan in 1991, living with her mother in Yiyang and Shenzhen when she was a child. She went to Beijing Film Academy in 2008.

Guo's mother, Guo Dengfeng, is a millionaire and owned two properties in Shenzhen. She had made her wealth from successful stock market investments. Guo's parents divorced when she was young and her mother raised her alone. In order to compensate for Guo's childhood as a single parent's child, Guo Dengfeng attempted to make up for the mental anguish by providing Guo with a luxurious life.

Guo frequently showed her luxurious lifestyle by posting on her Sina Weibo page where she posted photos of her collection of Hermes bags and her Maserati car. During a Chinese Business News television program, Larry Lang Live, Guo claimed that she used to be a thrifty and "honest girl at heart" who turned to a luxurious lifestyle after interacting with rich people at her time at Beijing Film Academy.

Due to her wealth, she was given the nickname Queen of the Fuerdais (second-generation rich Chinese).

Incidents

Relationship with the Red Cross Society of China
Guo Meimei was originally verified as an actor on Sina Weibo. Later she filed an application to change her title to the general manager of Red Cross Commerce, which Sina Weibo didn't check carefully, according to Weibo's statement. Her display of pictures showing a lavish lifestyle, driving a Mercedes, and owning a big mansion drew skepticism from people who questioned if her wealth came from the Red Cross Society of China and if the charity had misused its donations from the public.

Guo said Wang told her about his planned investment in a company related to the Red Cross Society of China and he could get her a manager's position there. After her status was being questioned by netizens, Wang supposedly withdrew his investment from China Red Cross Bo'an Asset Management Co. Guo apologise for the incident and said she had never spent any money from the Red Cross Society of China. She also responded on her microblog saying she had no relationship with the Red Cross. She also said she wasn't the daughter of the organization's president or the granddaughter of Guo Moruo, a late Chinese scholar.

Illegal casino
In July 2014, Guo was arrested in Beijing for illegal betting on the World Cup. Prosecutors said Guo had rented an apartment in Beijing and subsequently organized poker sessions there in March, June and July 2013. Guo would take a cut of between three and five percent on each game played. During her trial, Guo denied running a casino but only gambled in the apartment.

On September 10, 2015, Guo was sentenced for 5 years in prison and fined 50,000 yuan for running an illegal casino. On July 13, 2019, Guo was released from prison in Hunan after serving her 5 years sentence.

Prostitution
A CCTV program aired in August 2014 claimed that Guo had engaged in prostitution, charging hundreds of thousands of yuan each time, to fund her lifestyle. Guo had confessed to prostitution.

Banned drug trafficking
On March 18, 2021, Guo was arrested in Shanghai for selling diet products contain Sibutramine, a drug which has been withdrawn from the market in China since 2010.

On October 18, 2021, Guo was sentenced for 2 years and 6 months in prison and fined 200,000 yuan for selling banned drugs.

References

1991 births
Living people
People from Yiyang
Chinese Internet celebrities
Beijing Film Academy alumni
21st-century Chinese criminals
Chinese criminals
Red Cross Society of China
Sina Weibo controversies


title: Multicloud

text:
Multicloud (also written as multi-cloud or multi cloud) refers to a company utilizing multiple cloud computing services from various public vendors within a single, heterogeneous architecture. This approach enhances cloud infrastructure capabilities and optimizes costs. It also refers to the distribution of cloud assets, software, applications, etc. across several cloud-hosting environments. With a typical multicloud architecture utilizing two or more public clouds as well as multiple private clouds, a multicloud environment aims to eliminate the reliance on any single cloud provider and thereby alleviate vendor lock-in.

For instance, an enterprise may use separate cloud providers for infrastructure (IaaS), platform (PaaS), software (SaaS) and container (FaaS) services. In the latter case, they may use different infrastructure providers for different workloads, deploy a single workload load balanced across multiple providers (active-active), or deploy a single workload on one provider, with a backup on another (active-passive).

Advantages and challenges
There are several advantages to using a multicloud approach, including the ability to negotiate better pricing with cloud providers, the ability to quickly switch to another provider if needed, and the ability to avoid vendor lock-in. Multicloud can also be a good way to hedge against the risks of obsolescence, as it allows you to rely on multiple vendors and open standards, which can prolong the life of your systems.

Additional benefits of the multicloud architecture include adherence to local policies that require certain data to be physically present within the area/country, geographical distribution of processing requests from physically closer cloud unit which in turn reduces latency and protect against disasters.

Various issues and challenges also present themselves in a multicloud environment. Security and governance is more complicated, and more "moving parts" may create resiliency issues.

Difference between multicloud and hybrid cloud
Multicloud differs from hybrid cloud in that it refers to multiple cloud services from different vendors rather than multiple deployment modes (on-premises hardware, and public and private, cloud hosting). However, when considering a broad definition of multi-cloud, hybrid cloud can still be regarded as a special form of multi-cloud.

See also
 Cloud computing
 Serverless computing

References

Cloud computing


title: As a Sa

text:
As A Sa is the first Mandarin studio album by Hong Kong pop singer Charlene Choi. It was released on June 15, 2010. The three singles are released from album: Would Love to Win Fight (a theme song for Taiwan drama Calling For Love) and a song Another Me (recorded for her first EP) in 2009. Third single was "Confidant". Album also contains opening song 2 - 1 for her Debut Album.

Background
In 2009, Choi start to record her first EP Another Me (released on October 15, 2009) and her first Mandarin studio album. The album, entitled As A Sa, was released on June 15, 2010. For a second time, album is released on June 16.

Track listing
"Would Love to Win Fight" (theme song for Calling For Love)
"Past Doesn't Smoke"
"Big Storm"
"Let Go"
"The Future May Not Come"
"Confidant"
"Willing to Love"
"Detached"
"2 - 1" (theme song for The Butterfly Lovers)
"Your Sweet Kiss"

Bonus Track
"Another Me"

Bonus DVD
"Would Love to Win Fight"
"Past Doesn't Smoke"
"Big Storm"
"Confidant"

References

External links
 http://mandarinfree.blogspot.com/2010/06/charlene-choi-new-album-as-sa.html
 http://www.yesasia.com/us/as-a-sa-cd-dvd/1022795077-0-0-0-en/info.html

2010 albums
Charlene Choi albums
Mandopop albums


title: Bandido (supergroup)

text:
Bandido were a New Mexico music supergroup that released several albums during the 1980s. They released three studio albums, and a compilation album. All of their releases charted along the west coast, Chicago, and internationally in Germany, Venezuela, and Spain.

Their frontman Al Hurricane, as well as his son Al Hurricane Jr., spoke fondly of their time with the band but reiterated their desire to return to their New Mexico music audience; as they felt that Bandido's sound was more akin to Latin music. The three Bandido albums comprise Al Hurricane's twelfth, fourteenth, and fifteenth albums. Between the first and second Bandido releases Al Hurricane Sr. and Jr. released 15 Exitos Rancheros alongside Tiny Morrie.

Albums

Bandido's first release (track listing)

Bandido's second release (track listing)

Bandido's third release (track listing)

References

American country music groups
American supergroups
Al Hurricane albums
New Mexico music albums


title: Laurie Etheridge

text:
Laurie Etheridge (born 12 September 1948 in Pulborough, England) is a former motorcycle speedway rider from England.

Career
His first attempt at speedway, in 1963, was thwarted when his bike was stolen and he did not resume the sport until 1966.

In 1967, he signed for Exeter Falcons and managed three appearances for them in that season. His career really started the following year, when he was signed up for Hackney Hawks by Len Silver and their partner team Rayleigh Rockets. A good season for Rayleigh resulted in a full-time contract for Hackney.

He was a Crayford Kestrels regular for eight years from 1975, achieving nearly 300 league and cup appearances as a Kestrel. Crayford held a testimonial season for Etheridge in 1982.

In the 1975 National League Riders' Championship at Wimbledon on 27 September, Etheridge and Brian Collins both finished on 13 points but in the run-off for the title, Collins fell off in the first lap and Etheridge rode a solitary four laps to be crowned champion.

Etheridge was in the side when Crayford won their only trophy during the 1980 National League season. The Crayford team became the Fours Champions during the 1980 National League Four-Team Championship, however due to machine troubles Etheridge didn't start a race in the final of the tournament.

His last race was at Newcastle for Canterbury in 1983.

Notable performances:

England v Russia (1974)
National League Riders Champion (1975)
National League series GB v Denmark (1978) - there was also a series against Australia
National League Four Team Tournament (1980)
Testimonial Year Crayford Kestrels v England (1982)

Retirement
Post-speedway, he worked in industrial plumbing and central heating. He lives in West Sussex with his wife, Denise, and they have two married daughters and four grandchildren.

References

External links
 http://www.speedwayatoz.co.uk/laurieetheridge.html|season records
 http://wwosbackup.proboards.com/thread/494|teams and meetings
 http://www.crayfordkestrels.co.uk/?page_id=10
 http://hackneyreunion.com/Hackney-team-riders-1935-1996|names of riders 1935-1996

Living people
1948 births
English motorcycle racers
British speedway riders
Exeter Falcons riders
Rayleigh Rockets riders
Canterbury Crusaders riders
Crayford Kestrels riders
Hackney Hawks riders
Sheffield Tigers riders
Coventry Bees riders


title: Patrick Miller (politician)

text:
Patrick Miller (died 26 February 1845) was a Scottish officer in the British Army and a politician. He sat in the  House of Commons of Great Britain from 1790 to 1796.

He was the son of Patrick Miller of Dalswinton, an Edinburgh banker.  He was a nephew of Sir Thomas Miller, 1st Baronet  and a first cousin of William Miller (1755–1846).

He became a captain the in 14th Dragoons in 1789, and was with his regiment in Ireland when he was elected at the 1790 general election as the MP for Dumfries Burghs. The election was fiercely contested, with Miller's patron the 4th Duke of Queensberry spending over £8,000, while rival candidate Sir James Johnstone spent over £12,000
(equivalent to £ in ).
Johnstone lodged a petition, but Miller's election was upheld on 1 April 1791.

Miller left the army in 1791, and although he does not appear to have spoken in Parliament, he did vote in divisions. However, his record was inconsistent, as he followed the shifting politics of his patron Queensberry.

He did not stand for re-election in the 1796 general election. In 1806 he wrote to Charles Fox seeking his support for a re-entry to Parliament, and apologising for his previous erratic conduct. He explained that this was due to Queensberry's "silly and selfish views", but his efforts were unsuccessful.

References

Year of birth unknown
1845 deaths
Members of the Parliament of Great Britain for Scottish constituencies
British MPs 1790–1796
14th King's Hussars officers


title: Sunrise, Sunset

text:
"Sunrise, Sunset" is a song from the musical Fiddler on the Roof written in 1964 by composer Jerry Bock and lyricist Sheldon Harnick.

Production
Lyricist Sheldon Harnick said:

The album Sheldon Harnick: Hidden Treasures (1949-2013) features the demo recording of "Sunrise, Sunset" featuring Harnick, accompanied by composer Jerry Bock. Harnick said "This CD set is supposed to be the unknown songs, and the two men who created it, Bill Rudman (ph) and Ken Bloom (ph), when they said they wanted to use "Sunrise, Sunset," I said but that's a very familiar song. They said not with you singing it."

Synopsis
This song is performed at the wedding of Tzeitel, Tevye and Golde's eldest daughter. The two parents sing about how they can't believe their daughter and her groom have grown up, while Hodel and Perchik sing about whether there may be a wedding in the nearby future for them.

Critical reception
The Irish Times said the song has a "hypnotic chorus". AllMusic deemed it one of the film's "famous and now-standard songs". Splash Magazine named it one of the musical's "big Broadway numbers". The Style Weekly critic said the song, along with Tradition, had "infectious strains". The Des Moines Register noted that the musical "melts into bittersweetness" at this song. The Northampton Chronicle critic opined that it was "poignant". Virtual Shropshire's critic wrote that the song "wrings the heart ... as Tevye's daughters approach marrying age." Register Citizen described the song as a "heartbreaking parental cry to slow down the years, to keep their children young: 'Wasn't it yesterday when they were small?'" AZ Central noted the song was "haunting and emotional". Blue Coupe wrote "Musically, the scene's centerpiece is the classic 'Sunrise, Sunset'".

Recordings
Anthony Newley and Linda Hibberd (1995) - Fiddler on the Roof [1995 Studio Cast]
Bing Crosby recorded the song for his 1972 album Bing 'n' Basie.
Johnny Hartman recorded the song for his 1964 album The voice that is
Eddie Fisher - included in his album Eddie Fisher Today! (1965)
In late 1966, Roger Williams released his instrumental version. This version made it to #84 on the US Hot 100, and #5 on the Easy Listening chart.
Harry James released a version in 1967 on his album Our Leader! (Dot DLP 3801 and DLP 25801).
Jerry Vale - for his album Great Moments on Broadway (1966)
Perry Como - included in his album Look to Your Heart (1968)
Robert Goulet - for his album On Broadway (1965)
Miriam Makeba on the album RCA LSP3512
Lee Morgan - Delightfulee (1967)
Roger Whittaker - for his album This Is Roger Whittaker (1969)
Bobby Vinton - for his album Bobby Vinton Sings the Newest Hits (1967)
Steve Lawrence and Eydie Gormé - included in their album Together on Broadway (1967)
Topol and Miriam Karlin - Fiddler on the Roof (Original London Cast) (1969)
Vera Lynn - included in the album Hits of the 60's - My Way (1970)
John Gary - RCA Victor 45 RPM single 47-8479 (1964)
 Juan Pablo Di Pace - Dark Horse Label Digital Single (2018)
 Sonny Criss - This Is Criss! (1966).
 Timon and Pumbaa - "The Lion King 1½" (2004).

As a wedding song
"Sunrise, Sunset" is often played at weddings. In 2011 Sheldon Harnick wrote two versions of the song, suitable for same-sex weddings, with minor word changes. For example, for male couples, changes include "When did they grow to be so handsome".

References

1964 songs
Songs from Fiddler on the Roof
Songs written by Sheldon Harnick
Songs written by Jerry Bock


East Russell Street Area Historic District is a national historic district located at Orangeburg, Orangeburg County, South Carolina. The district encompasses 55 contributing buildings in a residential section of Orangeburg. They include residences constructed between about 1850 and 1930, and includes large, one- and two-story, frame and brick houses and smaller one-story homes occupied by servants.  The houses are in a variety of popular architectural styles including Victorian, Colonial Revival, and Bungalow.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

References

Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Victorian architecture in South Carolina
Colonial Revival architecture in South Carolina
Houses in Orangeburg County, South Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in Orangeburg County, South Carolina


title: Ellis Avenue Historic District

text:
Ellis Avenue Historic District is a national historic district located at Orangeburg, Orangeburg County, South Carolina. The district encompasses eight contributing buildings in a residential section of Orangeburg. They include seven residences dated to the turn of the 20th century, and a two-story brick school building (1931).  The houses are in a variety of popular architectural styles including Victorian and Colonial Revival.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

References

Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Victorian architecture in South Carolina
Colonial Revival architecture in South Carolina
Houses in Orangeburg County, South Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in Orangeburg County, South Carolina


title: Calling party pays

text:
Calling party pays (CPP) is a payment model in telephony, especially in cellular markets, that states that the total cost of a call is borne by the caller and not the receiver. It is also known as "Calling party network pays" or CPNP.

Traditionally, two more models have existed:

The receiving party pays (RPP) model, in which the caller pays for making the call and the receiver pays for receiving it.

Bill and keep model.

Components of cost
In general, the total cost of each call placed by a subscriber of a  mobile network operator (MNO) has two components – calling rate and call termination rate. The "calling rate", also called "call charge" is the amount charged by the caller’s MNO to the caller. The "call termination rate", or simply " termination rate", is the amount the receiver's MNO charges from the caller's MNO, in order to end the call in the receiver's network. A "mobile network operator" is also known as "wireless service provider", "wireless carrier", "cellular company", "mobile network carrier", "network operator" or "telecommunications service provider".

Since the early years of mobile communications, the scientific community and regulatory authorities have made efforts to reduce or overcome the negative effects of the monopolistic regime introduced by call termination costs. However, the attempts have been limited to either implementing billing systems focused on the party that pays the call termination costs or on regulatory rules enforced on the MNOs. Thus, the "Calling party pays" (CPP) principle combined with the presence of a strong regulator, and the "Receiving party pays" (RPP) principle, are deemed to eliminate the negative effects of the  monopolistic market for termination rates.

How CPP works

Consider this scenario: "A" is the subscriber of an MNO by the name "MNO1". "A" intends to make a phone call to "B" who is a subscriber of "MNO2".

For the call to happen, the two MNOs need to be interconnected. Both MNOs charge their respective subscribers for their services. In this scenario, MNO1 provides the  origination service and MNO2 terminates the call. MNO1 charges A based on the "calling rate". MNO2 charges MNO1 based on the " termination rate" (TR). MNO1 passes on the TR cost to A in full.

In contrast, under the RPP model, A pays MNO1 for origination services only, while B is charged by MNO2 for the termination service.

There is no substitute for a terminating service in either model. Hence, the terminating MNO, in this case MNO2, enjoys a monopolistic position with reference to the termination service under the CPP principle. Thus MNO2 is in the position to exploit the originating service provider MNO1 by setting monopolistic termination rates. This holds true for each call terminated under CPP, as long as a single network realises the termination. Consequently, there is always an incentive for terminating MNOs to set monopolistic termination rates, irrespective of the MNO that serves as the originating or terminating service. Moreover, termination costs are considered a part of the marginal cost of calls. So originating MNOs have an incentive to pass on high termination costs to their own subscribers.

References

Telephony
Telecommunications Billing Systems


title: Treadwell Street Historic District

text:
Treadwell Street Historic District is a national historic district located at Orangeburg, Orangeburg County, South Carolina. The district encompasses 39 contributing buildings in an African American residential section of Orangeburg. They include one-story, weatherboard frame dwellings dated between about 1890 and 1930.  The houses are in a variety of popular architectural styles including Victorian and Bungalow.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

References

Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Victorian architecture in South Carolina
Houses in Orangeburg County, South Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in Orangeburg County, South Carolina


title: Whitman Street Area Historic District

text:
Whitman Street Area Historic District is a national historic district located at Orangeburg, Orangeburg County, South Carolina. The district encompasses 12 contributing buildings in a residential section of Orangeburg. They include large, two-story frame houses constructed in the late-19th and early-20th century.  The houses are in a variety of popular architectural styles including Victorian, Queen Anne, Classical Revival, and Colonial Revival.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

References

Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Victorian architecture in South Carolina
Queen Anne architecture in South Carolina
Neoclassical architecture in South Carolina
Colonial Revival architecture in South Carolina
Houses in Orangeburg County, South Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in Orangeburg County, South Carolina


title: Michael McQuarn

text:
Michael George McQuarn (born May 15, 1969) is an American writer, producer and director of television, film and commercials.  McQuarn is the CEO of Good Job Baby, which is a boutique entertainment company that focuses on building brands, photography, film and commercial production.  McQuarn was a hugely successful  music supervisor on over 45 film and television projects. In 2001, McQuarn won an American Music Award for Best Soundtrack for the film Save the Last Dance, which sold over 3 million albums worldwide.

Biography

McQuarn was born in Los Angeles, California. Graduated UCLA , where received a degree in Film. After college McQuarn worked at Warner Brothers Studios as a story analyst. McQuarn used this opportunity at Warner Brothers to hone his skills as a writer and went on to sell his first studio screenplay by the age of 21. McQuarn and his sister Tracey Edmonds started Yab Yum, which was a highly successful record label and music publishing company distributed through 550 Music. McQuarn was responsible for launching the career of multi platinum recording artist and producer, Jon B, which McQuarn served as executive producer to his 3 albums under Yab Yum, which garnered two multi platinum albums and one gold.

McQuarn's entry into film was as the co-producer to the film Soul Food, which went on to earn over 45 million at the box office and won four NAACP Awards. McQuarn then produced the cult film entitled Punks, which was entered into the 2000 Sundance Film Festival and was also nominated for the coveted Independent Spirit John Cassavetes Award at the 2001 Independent Spirit Awards.

McQuarn has produced and directed over 300 hours of television content on such networks as NBCUniversal, A+E Networks, MTV, BET, TV One (US TV network) with new shows in development at Discovery Channel and Fuse (TV channel).

McQuarn is a cancer survivor. He was diagnosed in 2017 and received radical treatment in Vienna Austria, which has helped to control the aggression of the cancer.

McQuarn is currently producing and starring in a podcast entitled The Antidote.

McQuarn resides between Los Angeles, CA and Austin, TX.

Filmography

Film

Television

References

External links

1969 births
American male screenwriters
American television writers
American television producers
American television directors
Showrunners
UCLA Film School alumni
Living people
American male television writers
American chief executives


title: Preston Taylor

text:
Preston Taylor (November 7, 1849April 13, 1931) was an African-American businessman, minister and philanthropist. In the early 20th century he was considered one of the most influential leaders of Nashville, Tennessee's black community. He created Greenwood Cemetery, which is the second oldest African-American cemetery in Nashville, and Greenwood Park, which was the first park for African-American communities in Nashville. A later public housing project was named in his honor.

Biography

Early life
Taylor was born into slavery in Shreveport, Louisiana on November 7, 1849 to enslaved parents, Zed and Betty Taylor. He was said to tell his mother that he wanted to be a preacher at the age of four after attending a sermon in Lexington, Kentucky. In 1864, during the American Civil War he enlisted in Company G of the 116th Regiment Infantry U.S. Colored Troops as a drummer and was at the Siege of Petersburg, fall of Richmond, and surrender of Lee. After the end of the war in 1865, his regiment did garrison duty in Texas and New Orleans where he was mustered out a free man. After the war he became a marble engraver and moved to Louisville, Kentucky. Whites in Kentucky refused to work with him, and he instead found work as a train porter for the Louisville & Chattanooga Railroad where he worked for four years.

Mt. Sterling
After resigning from the railroad, Taylor traveled throughout the North. When he returned to Kentucky, he was called to become a pastor. He became a minister with the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) and settled in Mt. Sterling, Kentucky about 1870. In 1874 he founded the High Street Christian Church, "the finest brick building as a place for the worship of God in the state", which became "the largest congregation in the state among those of his faith". He became known as the leading minister of his church during that time and was instrumental in organizing and building numerous congregations and meeting houses.

Taylor's work led to the creation of state and national denominational organizations for black churches. In 1872, Taylor organized the Kentucky Christian Missionary Convention and the national black Disciples organization

He was a strong advocate for the education of blacks and in the mid-1880s he purchased college property at New Castle, Kentucky and created the Christian Bible College at New Castle, of which he was later a trustee and financial agent. He was also unanimously chosen the general evangelist of the U.S. He also edited a section of the denominational journal, the Christian Standard called "Our Colored Brethren".

Even though blacks were largely excluded from Reconstruction Era business opportunities, he was able to get a contract to build sections of railroad track from Mt. Sterling to Richmond. The contractors initially refused to hire black workers, preferring Irish laborers. This became the foundation of his successful business career. Taylor's success in the sections for which he was responsible so impressed railroad president, Collis Potter Huntington, that Huntington asked Taylor to advise other contractors but Taylor chose to remain at home so that he could continue his preaching.

Nashville
In 1884, Taylor arrived in Nashville, Tennessee. He "soon emerged as one of the city's most influential African American business and religious leaders."

He married one of the original Fisk Jubilee Singers, Georgia Gordon Taylor (1855–1913), better known as Georgia Taylor. She was the daughter of George Gordon, who was a slave, and a mulatto mother, Mercy Duke Gordon.  At the age of 18, Georgia was in the group of vocalists from Fisk University who toured Europe and the U. S. during 1872 and 1873. After her return from the tour she married Taylor.  They had a son in 1891, who died as an infant. She continued singing until her death in 1913, and was Taylor's closest companion. After her death, Taylor married his second wife, Ida D. Mallory.

Taylor was appointed minister of Gay Street Christian Church, which was the "colored" congregation associated with the Vine Street First Christian Church. In 1891 he and a breakaway group left the Gay Street church and established a congregation in an office building on Spruce (Eighth) Street; in 1903 the congregation completed its own church building on Lea Avenue near Lafayette Street. Taylor was pastor of the church for 40 years, until his death in 1931. After Taylor's death the two congregations reunited to form Gay-Lea Christian Church, now called the New Covenant Christian Church and located on Osage Street.

In 1917 Taylor took the lead in creating the National Christian Missionary Convention, a nationwide organization of African American Disciples of Christ churches; he served as president of the Convention from its founding until his death.

Taylor was involved in multiple business ventures.  He became a wealthy man through his business activities and was considered one of the most powerful and influential African-American businessmen in Nashville in the early years of the twentieth century. The first black bank, One Cent (Citizen's) Savings and Trust Company Banks, was organized with Taylor's help. In 1909 he was a prime mover in the foundation of Tennessee State Agricultural and Industrial State Normal College, a state-sponsored college for African Americans, which later became Tennessee State University.

In 1887 he purchased  of dairy land for $30,000 at Elm Hill Pike Road near Buttermilk Ridge. There he established Greenwood Cemetery in 1888, declaring it to be a low cost, first class cemetery for African-Americans. Greenwood Cemetery is the second oldest cemetery for blacks in Nashville. Concurrently he founded the Taylor Funeral Company, a mortuary, at 449 North Cherry Street (now Fourth Avenue, and not related to today's Taylor Funeral Home of Nashville.)

Philanthropy
In 1905 he developed Greenwood Park, a recreational park for the African American communities, covering about  at Lebanon road near Spence Lane. It was the first park for Nashville's African American residents, who at the time were not allowed to utilize public parks. The park included gardens, fountains, a bandstand, and a baseball park. The annual "State Colored Fair" was held there. He even arranged for horse-drawn wagons to transport patrons from the streetcar to the park. The park remained open until 1949.

He bequeathed Greenwood Cemetery to the National Christian Missionary Convention of the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ), and it remains a nonprofit organization.

Death
Until his death on April 13, 1931, Taylor was the best known African American citizen in Nashville. Taylor was buried in Greenwood Cemetery after a week-long interment ceremony.

Recognition
Preston Taylor Housing, a public housing project in Nashville, was named in 1951 in his honor. It is located at 3900 Clifton Road and is now known as the Historic Preston Taylor Apartments. That part of Nashville also houses the Preston Taylor YMCA and Preston Taylor Ministries.

References

African Americans in Tennessee
African-American Christians
American Disciples of Christ
American philanthropists
19th-century American slaves
Businesspeople from Nashville, Tennessee
Religious leaders from Nashville, Tennessee
People from Shreveport, Louisiana
1849 births
1931 deaths
20th-century African-American people


title: St Mary Out Liberty

text:
St Mary Out Liberty (also known as Tenby St Mary Out Liberty) is a community in the southeast of Pembrokeshire, Wales. The community was established in 1974 under changes in local government organisation and has its own community council. It is included, with St Mary In Liberty, in the parish of Tenby. The community includes the villages of New Hedges, Gumfreston plus a small part of Saundersfoot.

History
The name Out Liberty refers to the fact that this part of the parish was outside the borough of Tenby. The name dates as least as far back as the 1834 Poor Law, when the area was responsible for its own poor. In 1881 the majority of males in the parish were occupied in agriculture.
In 1932 part of the area was transferred to St Mary In Liberty.

Apart from the parish church, the community contains three listed buildings: Knightston Farmhouse, the attached malthouse and bakery, and a cart shed. The farm is early 19th century.

Records for the community from 1974 to 2012 are held in the Pembrokeshire Archives at the County Records Office in Haverfordwest.

Community area
The community is bordered by East Williamston, Saundersfoot, Tenby and St Florence. Part of the community is in the town of Tenby itself.

St Mary's Church

The church, after which the community is named, dates at least to the 13th century and is the parish church of Tenby. The present building is Grade I listed.

References

External links
GENUKI historical information

Communities in Pembrokeshire
Carmarthen Bay


title: Orangeburg Downtown Historic District

text:
Orangeburg Downtown Historic District is a national historic district located at Orangeburg, Orangeburg County, South Carolina. The district encompasses 44 contributing buildings in the central business district of Orangeburg. It includes a variety of commercial, industrial, and governmental buildings built between about 1883 and 1925.  Notable buildings include St. Paul's Methodist Church, U. S. Post Office, Blythewood Building, Orangeburg City Hall, and Fire Department Headquarters.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

Additional documentation for the historic district was approved by the National Register on January 22, 2019.

References

Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Romanesque Revival architecture in South Carolina
Buildings and structures in Orangeburg County, South Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in Orangeburg County, South Carolina


title: Sywell Aviation Museum

text:
Sywell Aviation Museum is based at Sywell Aerodrome in Northamptonshire, England. It is sited in the aircraft viewing car park at the aerodrome. It documents the history of flying in Northamptonshire from the early days to the present day with particular emphasis on the Second World War. The museum is run by the Sywell Aviation Museum Trust and is run by volunteers; it is closed during the winter months and reopens each Easter Saturday.

History
The Sywell Aviation Museum opened originally in May 2001 using three Nissen huts from the former USAAF airfield at Bentwaters as its buildings. These were followed in 2011 and 2012 with the addition of two more Nissen huts from a former POW camp at Snape Farm, Derbyshire. All buildings are erected in a row, making five in total.

Inside the museum can be found various displays on the history of aviation in Northamptonshire including aviation archaeology, aircraft cockpits, uniforms and models. A particular museum speciality is aircraft ordnance of which the museum has a wide variety from WW1 flechette darts to a concrete mockup of Britain's Blue Danube nuclear bomb. Missiles, rockets and bombs are also displayed, some on an original WW2 RAF bomb trolley towed by a WW2  RAF bomb tractor.

Internal displays
The displays are themed into the following halls:

The Paul Morgan Hall
The Paul Morgan Hall (Sywell Hall) charts the history of Sywell and including information on the aerodrome, RAF flying training there, a wartime LINK Trainer, and the museum's de Havilland Vampire T.11 jet fighter cockpit.

The RAF Hall
The RAF Hall has displays of RAF uniforms and equipment, a complete WW2 bomb train, an Anderson shelter, wartime kitchen and extensive display on the Home Guard.

The Main Hall
The Main Hall displays archaeological remains from Vickers Wellington and B-17 Flying Fortress aircraft from local crashes. The story of WW1 in the air is also told as are the Zeppelin raids over Northamptonshire in WW1 and information about local ace Major Mick Mannock. The museum's de Havilland Chipmunk cockpit is available for children to try out.

The American Hall
The American Hall concentrates on three main units - the 315th Troop Carrier Group (Spanhoe), 20th Fighter Group (Kings Cliffe) and 305th Bomb Group (Chelveston) and displays original operation boards from the 20th FG, a mockup of a USAAF station armoury and B-17 cheek gunner's position. The front cockpit of a North American T-6 Harvard trainer is also on show.

The POW/Cold War Hall
The POW/Cold War Hall covers the 1942 Wellingborough Blitz bombing raid, RAF escape and evasion and prisoners of war and the Cold War era, including use of THOR missiles in Northamptonshire. An Armstrong Siddeley Sapphire jet engine is displayed. which used to power the museum's Hawker Hunter.

External displays
A Hawker Hunter F.2 jet fighter is displayed outside the museum - it is the only complete F.2 mark left in existence. An English Electric Canberra TT.18 cockpit is also usually on show.

In March 2021, the museum's second complete airframe - Handley Page Jetstream 200 G-RAVL arrived at Sywell from Cranfield Airfield. The machine was the demonstrator for Sywell-based Jetstream Ltd in the 1970s and won the Daily Express National Air Race between Sywell-Biggin Hill on 12 June 1971. The aircraft is to be restored and used as a classroom.

Aircraft on display

de Havilland Vampire T.11  XD599 (cockpit)
de Havilland Canada Chipmunk T.10   WG419 (cockpit)
Hawker Hunter F.2   WN904
English Electric Canberra TT.18   (cockpit)*
North American Harvard IIB  KF650  (front cockpit)*
Slingsby Grasshopper TX.1 WZ820 (stored)
de Havilland DH.82A Tiger Moth G-AOES (cockpit, stored, under restoration)
Handley Page HP-137 Jetstream 200 G-RAVL (under restoration)

(*privately owned)

List of awards won by Sywell Aviation Museum at the Northamptonshire Heritage Awards

Museum of the Year and Best Exhibition 2007

Highly Commended, Best Special Project 2011 & 2012

Best Special Project and Peoples' Choice Awards 2013

Best Community Project 2014

Highly Commended Best Community Project 2018

In July 2019 the museum won The Peoples' Choice Award at the Northamptonshire Heritage Awards voted for by the visiting public as the best Museum in Northamptonshire for 2019 and 2020.

Highly Commended Best Special Project 2021

Winner Best Event - Museum Grand Opening & 21st Birthday Party  - Northants Heritage Awards October 2022

Visiting information

The museum opens on Easter Saturday and closes usually at the end of September. It is open between 1030 and 1630 each weekend and bank holiday during its open season and selected weekday afternoons. Group visits/guided tours are available by prior arrangement.

Entry is free but donations are encouraged.

See also
List of aerospace museums

References

External links

https://www.sywellaviationmuseum.org.uk/
http://www.airscene.co.uk/aviation_museums/UK/sywell_aviation_museum.php
http://www.northamptonshireheritageforum.co.uk/awards.html
https://www.sywellaviationmuseum.org.uk/exhibits/external-displays/handley-page-jetstream-g-ravl/
https://www.northamptonshireheritageforum.co.uk/latest-news/and-the-winners-are

Museums in Northamptonshire
Aerospace museums in England
1998 establishments in England
Military aviation museums in England
World War II museums in the United Kingdom


title: Norwegian Authors Union Freedom of Expression Prize

text:
The Norwegian Authors Union Freedom of Expression Award (Ytringsfrihetsprisen) is an annual prize given by the Norwegian Authors Union. It is not to be confused with the Freedom of Expression Prize of the Fritt Ord organization. The prize is awarded to a writer, journalist, author or editor who has made outstanding efforts to promote freedom of expression and tolerance in the very broadest sense. The nominations are made by an International Committee and a National Board of Members.

The Freedom of Expression Award was a gift from the Ministry of Culture to the Norwegian Authors' Union, on the occasion of the celebration of the 100th anniversary of its founding since 1993.

Awarded

1994 Izzat Ghazzawi, Palestine
1995 İsmail Beşikçi, Turkey
1996 Joar Tranøy, Norway
1997 Yasar Kemal, Nigeria
1998 Axel Jensen, Norway
1999 Yehude Simon Munaro, Peru
2000 Željko Kopanja, Bosnia
2001 Amos Oz, Israel
2002 Anna Politkovskaya, Russia
2003 Pramoedya Ananta Toer, Indonesia
2004 Ragıp Zarakolu, Turkey
2005 Tsegaye Gabre-Medhin, Ethiopia
2006 Simin Behbahani, Iran
2007 Tsering Woeser, Tibet
2008 Normando Hernández González, Cuba
2009 Dawit Isaak, Eritrea
2010 Ma Thida, Burma
2011 Ales Bialiatski, Russia
2012 Wera Sæther, Norway
2013 Muharrem Erbey, Turkey
2014 Nguyen Xuan Nghia, Vietnam
2015 Prize awarded but winner wasn't published.
2016 Jael Uribe, Dominican Republic
2017 Asli Erdoğan
2018 Sumaya Jirde Ali
2019 Dareen Tatour

References

External links
List of awarded People December 2020

Norwegian awards


title: Bara Bagh Cemetery, Lasbela

text:
Bara Bagh Cemetery, Lasbela is an ancient cemetery of the Jams of Lasbela of the Lasbela princely state, containing more than 100 graves of which 40 belong to the Jams.

Location
It is located at Bara Bagh, eight kilometers away from Lasbela District, Balochistan, Pakistan.

Notable burials
 Ghulam Qadir Khan (1920–1988)
 Jam Mohammad Yousaf (1954–2013)

References

Mausoleums in Balochistan, Pakistan
History of Balochistan
Monuments and memorials in Balochistan, Pakistan
Buildings and structures in Lasbela
Archaeological sites in Balochistan, Pakistan
Cemeteries in Balochistan, Pakistan


title: E.S.S. Mega

text:
E.S.S Mega (European Space Simulator Mega) is a space simulation game published by Tomahawk and developed by Coktel Vision. E.S.S. Mega recreates ESA's space vehicle concepts of the early 1990, specially the Hermes Shuttle. The game was released for MS-DOS and Atari ST in 1991, and Commodore CDTV in 1992.

Gameplay
According to game's manual, the simulated timeline runs from January 2010 to December 2013. During that time the players need to make money by placing satellites into orbit, building a space station to run experiments and performing a successful shuttle landings.

The game balances realism and playability, offering real-time 3D graphics and management of many mission details. For example, the player needs to setup space shuttle cargo, crew and fuel. Mission steps include launch, orbital piloting (deploying or maintaining satellites, building and visiting a space station) and landing on a carrier.

Reception
Joystick magazine gave the PC floppy version an 89% score and the CD-Rom version 91%. Amiga Joker gave the CDTV version a 3/5 score. Génération 4 reviewed the PC and Atari ST versions and gave them 77%.

See also
 Buzz Aldrin's Race Into Space — a US-Soviet Space Race simulator
 Project Space Station
 Shuttle (video game)

References

External links

1991 video games
Amiga games
Atari ST games
Commodore CDTV games
DOS games
Coktel Vision games
Space flight simulator games
Realistic space simulators
Video games developed in France


title: Nick Gain

text:
Niki Francesca (born 22 October 1989), known as Nick Gain, is an Andorran electronic rock DJ, singer-songwriter, and producer. He is best known for having represented his country Andorra in the Eurovision Song Contest 2007. He now produces his own music under the name Nick Gain, mixing rock and dance music.

Anonymous

Gain was the lead singer of Anonymous, a punk rock band from Andorra. He moved to Andorra with his British mother and Andorran father as a young child.

Anonymous represented Andorra in the Eurovision Song Contest 2007, placing 12th in the semi-final.

Music
Gain has composed for Anonymous, Trilobeats and himself.

Born in the '80s (styled Born in the 80's) is Gain's first self-produced EP. It contains five songs which received collaboration and help by top producers: Micky Forteza (Jarabe de Palo), Mike Marsh (Depeche Mode, Oasis, Prodigy, Chemical Brothers), Hal Ritson (The Young Punx, Black Eyed Peas, David Guetta) and Sonnos.

In May 2014, Gain released his first videoclip.

References

Living people
Eurovision Song Contest entrants for Andorra
Eurovision Song Contest entrants of 2007
Andorran male singers
Andorran people of British descent
Berklee College of Music alumni
1989 births
21st-century British male singers


title: Enterprise Cotton Mills Building

text:
Enterprise Cotton Mills Building, also known as Zeus Industrial Products, is a historic cotton mill located at Orangeburg, Orangeburg County, South Carolina. It was built in 1896–1897, and is a four-story, 17 bay by 7 bay, brick building with a five-story tower.  Attached to the main building is a two-story brick engine room and a one-story brick boiler room.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

References

Industrial buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Industrial buildings completed in 1897
Buildings and structures in Orangeburg County, South Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in Orangeburg County, South Carolina
Cotton mills in the United States
Textile mills in South Carolina


title: Artem Kozlov (footballer, born 1992)

text:
Artem Kozlov (; born 12 August 1992) is a Ukrainian football midfielder.

Career
Kozlov is a product of FC Kremin Kremenchuk youth sportive school and spent time playing for FC Vorskla Poltava in the Ukrainian Premier League Reserves. In March 2012 he signed a contract with FC Olimpia Bălți.

He played for Helios Kharkiv in the Ukrainian First League.

References

External links

1992 births
Living people
Footballers from Kremenchuk
Ukrainian men's footballers
Men's association football midfielders
Ukrainian expatriate men's footballers
CSF Bălți players
Expatriate men's footballers in Moldova
FC Kremin Kremenchuk players
FC Helios Kharkiv players
FC Inhulets Petrove players
FC Hirnyk-Sport Horishni Plavni players
FSC Bukovyna Chernivtsi players
Ukraine men's youth international footballers
Ukrainian expatriate sportspeople in Moldova
Ukrainian First League players
Ukrainian Second League players
FC Vorskla Poltava players


title: List of Ramsar sites in Ghana

text:
Ghana has six (6) designated Ramsar sites. Five (5) wetlands along the coast and one (1) in the interior region.

Greater Accra
Densu Delta Ramsar Site
Sakumono Ramsar Site
Songor Ramsar Site

Volta Region
Keta Lagoon

Ashanti Region
Owabi

Central Region
Muni-Pomadze Ramsar Site

See also
 List of national parks of Ghana

References

Ramsar sites


title: Hotel Eutaw

text:
Hotel Eutaw, also known as the East Russell Street Inn, is a historic hotel located at Orangeburg, Orangeburg County, South Carolina. It was designed by architect G. Lloyd Preacher and built in 1926–1927. It is a seven-story, steel-frame with brick veneer, skyscraper with an "L"-shaped plan. The front façade features a projecting one-story, six bay, cast stone entrance block.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

References

Hotel buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Hotel buildings completed in 1927
Buildings and structures in Orangeburg County, South Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in Orangeburg County, South Carolina


title: 2014 ITS Cup – Singles

text:
Polona Hercog was the defending champion, but chose to participate at the Swedish Open instead. Petra Cetkovská won the all-Czech final, defeating Denisa Allertová 3–6, 6–1, 6–4.

Seeds

Main draw

Finals

Top half

Bottom half

References
 Main draw

Its Cup - Singles
ITS Cup


title: 2014 ITS Cup – Doubles

text:
Renata Voráčová and Barbora Záhlavová-Strýcová were the defending champions, but Záhlavová-Strýcová chose not to participate. Voráčová teamed up with Petra Cetkovská and successfully defended her title, defeating Barbora Krejčíková and Aleksandra Krunić in the final, 6–2, 4–6, [10–7].

Seeds

Draw

References
 Draw

Open Gdf Suez De Biarritz - Doubles
ITS Cup


title: Gagnepainia

text:
Gagnepainia is a genus of plants in the ginger family, Zingiberaceae. It has three known species, all native to Indochina. All three were initially described in 1895 as members of Hemiorchis, then transferred to the newly created Gagnepainia in 1904.

 Gagnepainia godefroyi (Baill.) K.Schum. in H.G.A.Engler  - Thailand, Myanmar, Cambodia
 Gagnepainia harmandii (Baill.) K.Schum. in H.G.A.Engler  - Cambodia
 Gagnepainia thoreliana (Baill.) K.Schum. in H.G.A.Engler - Vietnam

The genus was named in 1904 by Karl Moritz Schumann for French botanist François Gagnepain, who described many new species from the former colony of French Indochina.

References

External links
 Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Genera in the Zingiberaceae, Gagnepainia

Zingiberoideae
Zingiberaceae genera
Taxa named by Karl Moritz Schumann
Taxa described in 1904


title: Sonepur State

text:
Sonepur, also known as Sonpur State, was one of the princely states of India during the period of the British Raj. Its ruler was entitled to a nine gun salute. Formerly it was placed under the Central India Agency, but in 1905 it was transferred to the Eastern States Agency. Its capital was Sonepur, the only significant town in the area. The former state's territory is in the present-day Subarnapur district, Odisha.

History
The Sonepur state was founded in 1650 when the fourth Chauhan ruler of Sambalpur Madhukar Dev, conquered the region from the Bhanja rulers of Boudh and entrusted it to his younger son Madan Gopal who hence became the founder of the Chauhan dynasty branch of Sonepur.

The state came under the control of the British Empire post the Maratha defeat and later the king Niladhar Singh Deo was awarded with titles for services rendered to the British during the Sambalpur uprising.

After Indian independence, Sonepur's last ruler acceded to the newly independent Dominion of India, on 1 January 1948 with the state forming much of the present day Subarnapur district.

Rulers

Ruling Chiefs of Sonepur

Titular

See also
Eastern States Agency
Political integration of India

References

External links
Sonepur State – Heritage of Indian Stamps

Subarnapur district
History of Odisha
Princely states of Odisha
States and territories disestablished in 1948
Rajputs
1650 establishments in India
1948 disestablishments in India
Gun salute princely states


Orangeburg County Fair Main Exhibit Building is a historic county fair  exhibition hall and grandstand located at Orangeburg, Orangeburg County, South Carolina. It was built in 1911, and is a one-story, rectangular, frame building.  It sits on an open, brick pier foundation and has shiplap siding and a low-pitched gable roof.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

References

Event venues on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Buildings and structures completed in 1911
Buildings and structures in Orangeburg County, South Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in Orangeburg County, South Carolina


title: Irhuleni

text:
Irhuleni (Luwian: Urhilina) was King of Hamath. He led a coalition against the Assyrian expansion under Shalmaneser III, alongside Hadadezer of Damascus. This coalition succeeded in 853 BC in the Battle of Qarqar a victory over the Assyrians, halting their advance to the west for two years. Later Irhuleni maintained good relations with Assyria. His son was, in Luwian, Uratami.

His name also appears in inscriptions on votive offerings found in Nimrud.

King Zakkur is known as the ruler of Hamath around 785 BC.

See also
 List of Neo-Hittite kings

Bibliography
 Hawkins,RLA IV, 67–70.
 Hawkins,CAH III.1, 393–396.
 Klengel,Syria. 3000 to 300 BC, Berlin 1992, 213

References

9th-century BC deaths
9th-century BC monarchs
Syro-Hittite kings
Year of birth missing
9th-century BC Aramean kings


title: 1971–72 Israel State Cup

text:
The 1971–72 Israel State Cup (, Gvia HaMedina) was the 33rd season of Israel's nationwide football cup competition and the 18th after the Israeli Declaration of Independence.

The competition was won by Hapoel Tel Aviv, who have beaten Hapoel Jerusalem 1–0 at the final.

Results

Fourth round

Fifth round

Sixth Round

Round of 16

Quarter-finals

Semi-finals

Final

References
100 Years of Football 1906-2006, Elisha Shohat (Israel), 2006, pp. 226-227
Cup (Pages 4-5) Hadshot HaSport, 16.1.1972, archive.football.co.il
Colchester from Herzliya Maariv, 25.1.1972, Historical Jewish Press
Cup (Page 4) Hadshot HaSport, 26.1.1972, archive.football.co.il
Cup (Page 3) Hadshot HaSport, 27.1.1972, archive.football.co.il
Cup (Pages 4-5) Hadshot HaSport, 20.2.1972, archive.football.co.il
Cup (Pages 2-4) Hadshot HaSport, 19.4.1972, archive.football.co.il

Israel State Cup
State Cup
Israel State Cup seasons


title: Orangeburg County Jail

text:
The (Old) Orangeburg County Jail, also known as The Pink Palace, is a historic jail located at Orangeburg, Orangeburg County, South Carolina. It was built between 1857 and 1860, and is a two-story, rectangular, cement-covered brick building in the Late Gothic Revival style.  It features a crenellated main tower and corner turrets.  General William Tecumseh Sherman’s troops burned the building in February 1865; it was subsequently restored.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1973.

Orangeburg County inmates are now kept in the Orangeburg-Calhoun Regional Detention Center.

References

Jails on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Gothic Revival architecture in South Carolina
Government buildings completed in 1860
Buildings and structures in Orangeburg County, South Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in Orangeburg County, South Carolina
Jails in South Carolina


title: Montage (Charlene Choi album)

text:
Montage is the second studio album by Hong Kong singer Charlene Choi. It was released on July 24, 2012.

Background
Montage was recorded since 2011 to mid-2012 and finally released on July 24. It contains re-release of her 2008 single "2 - 1".

Release
 July 24, 2012 (Standard Edition) (Cantonese and Mandarin Edition)
 July 31, 2012 (Regular Edition CD/DVD)

Track listing
"2 - 1"
"Ming Ming"
"Rilakkuma"
"Grow Old Together"
"Hopefully Tomorrow a Wake Up Doomsday"
"Vanuat"
"Species Me"
"Dog Grace Song"
"Train Through the Mountain"
"Leftover Ladies Afraid Combat"

DVD (Regular Edition)
"Ming Ming" (music video)
"Grow Old Together" (music video)

Mandarin Edition
"Two Minus One"
"Obviously"
"Relaxed Bear"
"Until the Death Do Us Part"
"Hopefully Tomorrow a Wake Up Doomsday"
"Vanuatu"
"Grow Me"
"Ode to Dogs"
"Train Passes Through the Tunnel"
"Bachelorettes Fear Combat"

References

External links
 http://www.jpopasia.com/celebrity/charlenechoi/lyrics/montage::25162.html
 http://www.ihonhon.com/2012/07/charlene-choi-montage.html
 https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/montage/id545611830
 http://www.yesasia.com/us/montage-cd-dvd-regular-edition/1031255412-0-0-0-en/info.html

2012 albums
Charlene Choi albums


title: Hemiorchis

text:
Hemiorchis is a genus of plants in the ginger family. It contains three recognized species, native to the eastern Himalayas from Nepal to Myanmar.

 Hemiorchis burmanica Kurz - Myanmar
 Hemiorchis pantlingii King - Assam, Nepal, Bhutan, Arunachal Pradesh, Myanmar
 Hemiorchis rhodorrhachis K.Schum. in H.G.A.Engler  - Assam, Bhutan, Arunachal Pradesh, Myanmar

References

Zingiberoideae
Zingiberaceae genera