title: Teloneum

text:
In the Middle Ages, the teloneum (also telonium or toloneum, from Greek τελώνιον, telonion, toll-house), in French tonlieu, sometimes anglicized thelony, was a market toll, a tax paid on a sale in the marketplace. The term originally referred to the customs house, but came gradually to refer to the tax levied. The collector of the teloneum was the telonearius.

The term teloneum first appeared in the fifth century. It came to cover numerous more specific tolls, such as the portaticum, rotaticum and pulveraticum. In the Merovingian period, the teloneum was a major source of royal revenues. The kings did sometimes give exemptions to abbeys, but rarely to anybody else. The teleonarii frequently farmed the taxes, often to Jews. A document issued by King Philip I of France around 1090 defined a teloneum as a tax on the transitum a vendentibus vel ementibus vel transeuntibus (transfer between seller and buyer).

Justice
It might be just or unjust. A just thelony was a toll considered to be compensation for what would now be considered a public service. An unjust thelony was a fee exacted contrary to custom or where no service was rendered to the person made to pay it.

Examples of just thelonies, taken from Charlemagne’s 805 Capitulary of Aix-la-Chapelle, include: a fee or toll for using a market, or for passage over a bridge when that has traditionally been exacted, or for docking a ship for more than several days at a river bank. Unjust thelonies include: a toll on a bridge when none was exacted in the past, a fee for docking at a river bank for only a few days, a toll for passage on a road or through a forest or field, a toll exacted from persons going under a bridge.

Another of Charlemagne’s capitularies from 805, that of Thionville, forbade any “new or unjust thelony [to be] exacted where ropes are stretched or where ships pass under bridges, or in other similar cases in which no aid is lent to the travellers.”  In 809, Charlemagne ordered: “[I]n the open country where there is no bridge built, we command that no thelony be exacted in any way.”

Laws
A list of thelonies for ships and barges bringing goods to Billingsgate, in London, circa 1000, required the payment not only of money, but also — in the case of the men of the Emperor who came in  ships — to give as thelony “on Christmas Day two grey garments, and one brown, ten pounds of pepper, gloves for five men, two leathern tuns of vinegar, and as much at Easter.”
Henry I, King of England, in 1133 granted the citizens of London freedom from all thelony: “And let all men of London and all their goods both throughout England, and in harbors, be quit and free of thelony, passage, lastage, and all other customs.” Moreover, if any town or manor compelled thelony from a citizen of London, “let the citizens of London take in their city from that town or manor where thelony or custom was taken, as much as the man of London gave for thelony, and thus he will have been recompensed for the harm.”

Bishop Rüdiger of Speyer in 1084 invited a large number of Jews to live in his town "in my endeavor to turn the village of Speyer into a city." As part of this arrangement, he stated, "This also I have added that if any [other] Jew should at any time stay with them he shall pay no thelony." As part of this same arrangement, the Bishop provided that the Jews "were not required to pay tolls or duties [i.e., thelony] at the city's borders."

References

Medieval economics
Taxation in medieval England

fr:Tonlieu


title: Jude–Crutcher House

text:
The Jude–Crutcher House (also known as the George Jude House and the David and Lucy Crutcher House) is a historic plantation house in Huntsville, Alabama.  The house was built circa 1812 on land deeded that year to Samuel Echols.  Echols sold 54 acres and the house to George Jude, Sr., in 1817.  Jude died two years later, leaving the land to his son, George Jr.  The younger Jude eventually acquired 800 acres (325 ha) and owned 31 slaves.  Upon his death in 1873, the land stayed in the family until 1883.  In 1906 David Crutcher, who had been born a slave on an adjacent plantation in 1851, purchased the house and 154 acres (62 ha) along with two other African-American men.  The Crutchers operated a successful farm on their portion of the land, which was an extension farm for Alabama A&M University until the 1940s.  Only 7% of African-American farmers in Madison County in 1910 owned their own farms.  David died in 1924, and his wife, Lucy, died in 1943, although the house and land is still in the family.

The house is a -story dogtrot structure, although the central breezeway was enclosed in the mid-20th century.  A plain gabled porch was added at the same time, and shelters the modern front door and a pair of two-over-two sash windows.  Six-over-six windows of different sizes sit on either side of the porch, and the façade is clad in clapboards.  The metal gable roof has chimneys in each gable end.  The interior is of the typical dogtrot layout of two rooms flanking the now-enclosed central hall.  A rear shed roofed addition was built to house a bathroom and kitchen.

The house was listed on the Alabama Register of Landmarks and Heritage in 1999 and the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.

References

National Register of Historic Places in Huntsville, Alabama
Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Alabama
Houses completed in 1812
Houses in Huntsville, Alabama
Plantation houses in Alabama
Properties on the Alabama Register of Landmarks and Heritage


title: Sunny Omoregie

text:
Sunny Ogbemudia Omoregie (born 2 January 1989) is a Nigerian footballer who plays as a forward.

Career
On 21 February 2018, Omoregie joined Alashkert on loan from Maribor for the remainder of the 2017–18 season.

References

External links
NZS profile

1989 births
Living people
Footballers from Benin City
Nigerian men's footballers
Men's association football forwards
Nigerian expatriate men's footballers
USL League Two players
Armenian Premier League players
Slovenian PrvaLiga players
Israeli Premier League players
Maltese Premier League players
Bolivian Primera División players
Gibraltar Premier Division players
Tercera Federación players
CD Numancia B players
CD Victoria players
CD Torrevieja players
CD Binéfar players
CF Palencia footballers
Gżira United F.C. players
Thunder Bay Chill players
Mérida AD players
NK Celje players
NK Maribor players
Hapoel Kfar Saba F.C. players
FC Alashkert players
Club Always Ready players
Lincoln Red Imps F.C. players
Atlético Astorga FC players
Expatriate men's footballers in Spain
Expatriate men's footballers in Malta
Expatriate men's soccer players in Canada
Expatriate men's footballers in Slovenia
Expatriate men's footballers in Israel
Expatriate men's footballers in Armenia
Expatriate men's footballers in Bolivia
Expatriate men's footballers in Gibraltar
Nigerian expatriate sportspeople in Spain
Nigerian expatriate sportspeople in Malta
Nigerian expatriate sportspeople in Canada
Nigerian expatriate sportspeople in Slovenia
Nigerian expatriate sportspeople in Israel
Nigerian expatriate sportspeople in Armenia
Nigerian expatriate sportspeople in Bolivia
Nigerian expatriate sportspeople in Gibraltar


title: Jedwart stave

text:
The Jedwart stave (called the Jeddart or Jedburgh stave) was a polearm weapon commonly found in the Scottish Borders in the 16th century. It consisted of a large, thin, double-edged axe-like blade attached to a roughly four-foot long studded stave with a hand guard, similar in appearance to a bardiche. The upheaval of the sixteenth century in the borders proved the weapon to be too light to be effective against the heavy cavalry of the Border Reivers and attacks from the English, and it fell out of favour in combat. It remained however a common household weapon for purpose of self-defence.

See also
Lochaber axe
Scottish polearms

References

Polearms
Border Reivers
Weapons of Scotland
History of Scotland


title: Fort Anké

text:
Fort Anké was a fort located in North Jakarta, Indonesia. It was built by the Dutch East India Company in 1657 along the river of the same name, to the west of the city of Jakarta. Historical names for the fort include Anckee, Anke, and Ankee.

Three officers of the French corsair Le Modeste were held as prisoners at the fort for five months, when French naturalist J.-J. La Billardière visited them in November 1796. The same text says the fort was located an hour from Batavia.

A Dutch map from 1740 shows the fort at the intersection of the Mookervaart channel and Angke river.

References

See also
List of colonial buildings and structures in Jakarta

Dutch East India Company
Colonial architecture in Jakarta
Buildings and structures in Jakarta


title: 2013–14 Club Atlas season

text:
The 2013–14 Atlas season was the 67th professional season of Mexico's top-flight football league. The season is split into two tournaments—the Torneo Apertura and the Torneo Clausura—each with identical formats and each contested by the same eighteen teams. Atlas began their season on July 19, 2013 against Club Tijuana, Atlas played their homes games on Saturdays at 9:00pm local time. Atlas did not qualify to the final phase in the Apertura and Clausura tournaments.

Tornero Apertura

Squad

Regular season

Apertura 2013 results

Goalscorers

Results

Results summary

Apertura 2013 Copa MX

Group stage

Apertura results

Quarter-finals

Semi-finals

Final

Goalscorers

Tornero Clausura

First-team squad

As of 9 November 2013.

Regular season

Clausura 2014 results

Goalscorers

Results

Results summary

Clausura 2014 Copa MX

Group stage

Clausura results

Goalscorers

Club Atlas seasons
Mexican football clubs 2013–14 season


title: Callophrys johnsoni

text:
Callophrys johnsoni, the Johnson's hairstreak, is a butterfly of the family Lycaenidae. It is found in North America from British Columbia south to central California. The habitat consists of coniferous forests.

The wingspan is 25–30 mm. Adults are on wing from May to July in one generation per year.

The larvae feed on pine dwarf mistletoe (Arceuthobium campylopodum).

References

External links
 Callophrys johnsoni, Butterflies and Moths of North America

Butterflies described in 1904
Callophrys


title: Kütahya Porselen

text:
Kütahya Porselen is a Turkish porcelain and ceramics manufacturer in the city of Kütahya.

History

The company was founded in 1970 though pottery has long been made in the region. As well as making pottery for sale to the retail and hotel trade in Turkey and abroad, Kütahya Porselen also operates 43 shops in Turkey and manufactures and installs factory equipment for other ceramic producers. A 25% shareholding was floated on the Istanbul Stock Exchange in 1984.

See also
NG Grup

References

External links

online shop in BG. https://pochehli.com

Manufacturing companies based in Kütahya
Turkish brands
Turkish companies established in 1969
Manufacturing companies established in 1969
Porcelain
Ceramics manufacturers of Turkey


title: Damien Russell

text:
Damien Eduardo Russell (born  August 20, 1970) is a former American football defensive back who played one season with the San Francisco 49ers of the National Football League (NFL). He was drafted by the 49ers in the sixth round of the 1992 NFL Draft. He played college football at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University and attended Howard D. Woodson High School in Washington, DC.

References

External links
Just Sports Stats
Fanbase profile

Living people
1970 births
American football defensive backs
Virginia Tech Hokies football players
San Francisco 49ers players
Players of American football from New York City
H. D. Woodson High School alumni


title: Elsie Wallace

text:
Elsie May Marble Wallace (1868–1946) was an American Wesleyan leader in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century.

In 1897 Wallace founded a holiness mission in Spokane, Washington.  In 1902 the mission became church, part of the Church of the Nazarene, and Wallace became the first pastor, ordained by Phineus Bresee. The church today is Spokane First Nazarene Church.

Wallace also started churches in Ashland, Oregon; Boise, Idaho, Walla Walla, Washington and Seattle, Washington.  She became district superintendent, the first woman to hold that post, and the last until 1988.

References

External links
 Elsie Wallace—Mother of the Northwest District  by Stan Ingersol, 27 September 2012

1868 births
1946 deaths
Church of the Nazarene ministers


title: Corma Inc.

text:
Corma Inc. is a manufacturer of corrugated plastic pipe production systems headquartered near Toronto, Canada. The company's headquarters and principal manufacturing plant are located in Concord, Ontario. Corma also maintains its own aluminum alloy foundry, located in Forest, Ontario, where it forms the mold blocks used in its corrugators.

Corma is active in corrugated plastic pipe manufacturing and infrastructure projects in the developing world, particularly in established and emerging markets worldwide.

History
Corma's first M600 corrugated plastic pipe-making machine, also known as a corrugator, was delivered to Akatherm in Saint John, New Brunswick, in 1974. In 1978, Corma applied for their first patents in double-wall pipe production and vacuum forming. Over the years Corma received patents for mold block technologies, Internal pipe cooling, inline coupling, and many other quality enhancing technologies. In total, Corma has applied for, and received, more than 300 patents since 1973.

In 2006, Corma established the Corma Shanghai Co. Ltd. sales/service office and manufacturing centre in the People's Republic of China. Corma Deutschland is expanded to become a full, sales and service center supporting customers in Europe, Africa and the Middle East.

Patents
Corma Inc. holds over 300 patents related to corrugators. The company continues to defend its patents from infringement by other companies.

Awards and recognition
 2012 – Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medal
 2012 - Vaughan Chamber of Commerce – Business of the Year Award – Exporter
 2011 - Vaughan Chamber of Commerce – Business of the Year Award – Technological Excellence
 2010 - Federation des Plastiques et Alliances Composites, Honoris Innova Award – Commercialization.
 2009 - Vaughan Chamber of Commerce – Exporter of the Year Award
 2007 - CPIA Canadian Plastics Industry Association – Leader of the Year Award – Manfred Lupke – CEO of Corma
 2005 - Vaughan Chamber of Commerce – Exporter of the Year Award
 2003 - Vaughan Chamber of Commerce – Company of the Year Award
 2001 - Vaughan Chamber of Commerce – Exporter of the year Award, Finalist
 2000 - Vaughan Chamber of Commerce – Exporter of the year Award, Finalist
 2000 - President's Award – Poland
 1999 - Vaughan Chamber of Commerce – Exporter of the year Award
 1998 - CPPA Special Achievement Award

References

External links

Manufacturing companies established in 1973
Manufacturing companies based in Toronto
1973 establishments in Ontario


title: Vjekoslav Andrić

text:
Vjekoslav Andrić (born 5 August 1992) is a Slovenian footballer who plays as a goalkeeper.

References

External links

PrvaLiga profile

1992 births
Living people
Footballers from Ljubljana
Men's association football goalkeepers
Slovenian men's footballers
Slovenia men's youth international footballers
NK Domžale players
NK Bela Krajina players
NK Radomlje players
Slovenian Second League players
Slovenian PrvaLiga players


title: Mitoura rosneri

text:
, the Rosner's hairstreak, is a butterfly of the family . It is found in western North America in British Columbia. and Washington state. Subspecies  is known as Barry's hairstreak.

The wingspan is .

The larvae of subspecies M. r. rosneri feed on western red cedar (Thuja plicata), while the larvae of subspecies M. r. plicataria feed on Rocky Mountain juniper (Juniperus scopulorum).

Subspecies
 Rosner's hairstreak (interior ranges of British Columbia)
  Barry's hairstreak (Vancouver Island and Coast Range of British Columbia, Washington)

Taxonomy
Both  and  are often treated as subspecies of .  is a synonym of .

References

External links
 , Butterflies and Moths of North America

Butterflies described in 1976
Callophrys


The 1984 United States Senate election in Arkansas was held on November 6, 1984. Incumbent Democratic U.S. Senator David Pryor won re-election to a second term.

Candidates

Democratic
  David Pryor, incumbent Senator

Republican
  Ed Bethune, U.S. Representative

Results

See also
 1984 United States Senate elections

References

Arkansas
1984
1984 Arkansas elections


title: Polygala cruciata

text:
Polygala cruciata, commonly called drumheads milkwort, is a species of flowering plant in the milkwort family. It is native to eastern North America, where it is found in scattered localities, particularly around the Coastal Plain, the Great Lakes, and the southern Appalachian Mountains. It is found most often in wet, sandy prairies and marshes.

It is an annual that produces pink-purple flowers in the summer.

References

cruciata


title: Burguillo Reservoir Arch Bridge

text:
The Burguillo Reservoir Arch Bridge is a reinforced concrete arch bridge crossing the El Burguillo Reservoir near Ávila, Spain. Crossing the part of the reservoir known as "Garganta Honda" (deep throat), it is part of the 8km long El Tiemblo bypass. Of the €5.1 million cost of the bypass, the bridge comprised about €2.4 million. Construction began in 1997. The arch was built by a segmental construction method using travelling formwork.

References

Buildings and structures in the Province of Ávila


title: Kavari Maan

text:
Kavari Maan () is a 1979 Indian Tamil-language film, directed by  S. P. Muthuraman and written by Panchu Arunachalam. The film stars Sivaji Ganesan, with Vijayakumar, Ravichandran, Sekhar and Sridevi in supporting roles. It was released on 6 April 1979.

Plot

Thyagarajan is an IAS officer. After seeing his wife Kalpana in bed with her extramarital lover Anand, he murders her in front of his daughter Uma's eyes. This strains his relationship with his daughter, who remains contemptuous towards him even after he completes his prison term. He however keeps coming behind her as she is the only solace he has in life. His family too has disowned him except for Sivaramakrishan, his father, who was a judge and has read the character of Thyagarajan, Kalpana and understood what would have happened.

As fate would have it, Uma is love with Rajesh, a womaniser. In spite of numerous attempts by Thyagarajan, Uma refuses to believe that Rajesh is bad. On his birthday party, Rajesh attempts to rape her and she kills him. Thyagarajan goes to prison taking the blame and the family which already hated him now refuses to acknowledge him with Uma and Sivaramakrishnan alone still being with him.

Cast

Male cast
Sivaji Ganesan as Thyagarajan
Vijayakumar as Sundarrajan
Ravichandran as Anand
Sekhar as Rajesh
Major Sundarrajan as Rangarajan
Thengai Srinivasan as Vasu
Calcutta Viswanathan as Sivaramakrishnan

Female cast
Sridevi as Uma
Prameela as Kalpana
S. Varalakshmi as Rajalakshmi

Manimala as Leela
Baby Babitha as young Uma

Soundtrack
The music was composed by Ilaiyaraaja, with lyrics by Panchu Arunachalam. The song "Brova Bharama" is set in the Carnatic raga Bahudari.

Release and reception
Kavari Maan was released on 6 April 1979. Though fans were unwilling to accept Ganesan portraying a wife killer, the film emerged a commercial success. Kaushikan of Kalki criticised the story but praised Muthuraman's direction, adding that the deer in the film's title was not leaping, but roaring.

Notes

References

External links

1970s Tamil-language films
1979 films
Films directed by S. P. Muthuraman
Films scored by Ilaiyaraaja
Films with screenplays by Panchu Arunachalam
Uxoricide in fiction


title: Yu Xingwu

text:
Yu Xingwu (; 1896–1984) was a Chinese philologist and exegesis interpreter. He was born in Haicheng, Liaoning, and graduated from Shenyang National Normal School in 1919. During the 1930s and 1940s he was a professor at Peking University, Yenching University and Fu Jen Catholic University, and from 1955 he taught at People's University of Northeast China (today's Jilin University).

Yu is mainly known for his textual research of Oracle bone script and Bronze script. He also spent much time on interpreting pre-Qin classics. After 1950s, Yu also published several papers about pre-Qin social history.

References

Linguists from China
Chinese archaeologists
Academic staff of Fu Jen Catholic University
Academic staff of Peking University
Academic staff of Yenching University
Academic staff of Jilin University
Educators from Liaoning
1896 births
1984 deaths
Writers from Liaoning
People from Haicheng, Liaoning
Scientists from Liaoning
20th-century Chinese translators
Chinese palaeographers
20th-century archaeologists
20th-century linguists


title: Tony Hargain

text:
Anthony Michael Hargain (born December 26, 1967) is a former American football wide receiver who played one season with the Kansas City Chiefs of the National Football League (NFL). He was drafted by the San Francisco 49ers in the eighth round of the 1991 NFL Draft. He played college football at the University of Oregon and attended Center High School in Elverta, California. He was also a member of the Los Angeles Rams and Sacramento Gold Miners.

Tony is the owner and founder of Hustlin USA Clothing Company.

References

External links
Just Sports Stats
Fanbase profile

Living people
1967 births
American football wide receivers
Canadian football wide receivers
African-American players of American football
African-American players of Canadian football
Oregon Ducks football players
Kansas City Chiefs players
Los Angeles Rams players
Sacramento Gold Miners players
Players of American football from Palo Alto, California
21st-century African-American people
20th-century African-American sportspeople


title: Ulam's packing conjecture

text:
Ulam's packing conjecture, named for Stanislaw Ulam, is a conjecture about the highest possible packing density of identical convex solids in three-dimensional Euclidean space. The conjecture says that the optimal density for packing congruent spheres is smaller than that for any other convex body. That is, according to the conjecture, the ball is the convex solid which forces the largest fraction of space to remain empty in its optimal packing structure. This conjecture is therefore related to the Kepler conjecture about sphere packing. Since the solution to the Kepler conjecture establishes that identical balls must leave ≈25.95% of the space empty, Ulam's conjecture is equivalent to the statement that no other convex solid forces that much space to be left empty.

Origin

This conjecture was attributed posthumously to Ulam by Martin Gardner, who remarks in a postscript added to one of his Mathematical Games columns that Ulam communicated this conjecture to him in 1972. Though the original reference to the conjecture states only that Ulam "suspected" the ball to be the worst case for packing, the statement has been subsequently taken as a conjecture.

Supporting arguments

Numerical experiments with a large variety of convex solids have resulted in each case in the construction of packings that leave less empty space than is left by close-packing of equal spheres, and so many solids have been ruled out as counterexamples of Ulam's conjecture.
Nevertheless, there is an infinite space of possible shapes that have not been ruled out.

Yoav Kallus has shown that at least among point-symmetric bodies, the ball constitutes a local maximum of the fraction of empty space forced.
That is, any point-symmetric solid that does not deviate too much from a ball can be packed with greater efficiency than can balls.

Analogs in other dimensions

The analog of Ulam's packing conjecture in two dimensions would say that no convex shape forces more than ≈9.31% of the plane to remain uncovered, since that is the fraction of empty space left uncovered in the densest packing of disks. However, the regular octagon and smoothed octagon give counter-examples. It is conjectured that regular heptagons force the largest fraction of the plane to remain uncovered. In dimensions above four (excluding 8 and 24), the situation is complicated by the fact that the analogs of the Kepler conjecture remain open.

References

Packing problems
Conjectures
Spheres
Unsolved problems in geometry


title: Pesekanaskoskau River

text:
The Pesekanaskoskau River is a river in northern Cochrane District in Northeastern Ontario, Canada. It is part of the James Bay drainage basin, and is a left tributary of the Bodell River.

The river begins in unnamed muskeg and flows east to its mouth at the Bodell River. The Bodell River flows via the Kesagami River and the Harricana River to James Bay.

See also
List of rivers of Ontario

References

Sources

Rivers of Cochrane District


title: Erora laeta

text:
Erora laeta, the early hairstreak, is a butterfly of the family Lycaenidae. It is found in eastern Canada and the United States. The habitat consists of deciduous and mixed woods.

The wingspan is 21–24 mm.

The larvae are associated with American beech (Fagus grandifolia), and possibly also beaked hazelnut (Corylus cornuta). They feed on the leaves and fruits of their host plant.

References

Butterflies described in 1862
Eumaeini


title: Manitoba Provincial Road 350

text:
Manitoba Provincial Road 350 is a provincial road in the south-central section of the Canadian province of Manitoba.

Route description

The route begins at PR 242 east of Lavenham, and terminates at the Yellowhead Highway near Woodside.

From PR 242, the road travels  west through Lavenham before turning north for  just past the community. PR 350 then turns west for  before turning north once again at Mile 56N (formerly westbound PR 461). It continues for  through MacGregor before intersecting the Trans-Canada Highway just north of the village. Past this intersection, PR 350 continues north for  to its northern terminus, passing the community of Katrime at around the midway point.

PR 350 is mainly a gravel road with a small paved section as it passes through MacGregor.

History

In the early 1990s, the Manitoba government decommissioned a number of provincial secondary roads and returned the maintenance of these roads back to the rural municipalities. A section of the original PR 350 was included in this decommissioning.

Prior to this, PR 350 continued south past Lavenham for  before turning west and traveling in this direction for . The road then turned south before gradually turning west for  to its southbound terminus with PTH 34 on the eastern edge of the Spruce Woods Provincial Wildlife Management Area.

After the decommissioning of this section, the road was renamed Ladysmith Road. It is now maintained by the Rural Municipality of Victoria.

The original length of PR 350 was .

The mayor is Kelli Masson

References

350


title: Edasjön

text:
Edasjön is a lake located in the province of Uppland, Sweden. The lake has an area of .

References

Uppland
Lakes of Uppsala County


title: Imayam

text:
Imayam (; ) is a 1979 Indian Tamil-language film, directed by Muktha Srinivasan and produced by Muktha Ramaswamy. The film stars Sivaji Ganesan, Srividya, Jai Ganesh and Thengai Srinivasan. The film also marked the on-screen debut for Kannada actress Malashri. It was released on 21 July 1979.

Plot

Sivaji and Srividya are a childless couple who bring up Sivaji's sister Yamana. Sivaji believes in total freedom while Srividya believes in complete control and restriction when it comes to bringing up their children. When Sivaji finds out that Yamana is in love with Jai Ganesh, his partner's son, he encourages her. What he does not know is that Jai Ganesh is a womanizer and masquerades as a Mr. Goody-two-shoes. He has a son with Reena, Sivaji's secretary who kills herself when she finds out that he had moved on. Sivaji attempts to expose Jai Ganesh through his son but the clever Jai Ganesh pushes for marriage with Yamana so that Sivaji would stop and he could get rich in the process. Who succeeds forms the rest of the story.

Cast
Sivaji Ganesan
Srividya
Thengai Srinivasan
Jai Ganesh
Yamana
K. Kannan
Y. G. Mahendra
S. Yogalingam
Manorama
Meera
C. I. D Sakunthala
Reena
S. N. Parvathy
Vijaya Chandrika
Malashri (credited as Baby Jamuna)

Soundtrack
The music is composed by M. S. Viswanathan, with lyrics by Kannadasan. The song "Gangai Yamunai" is set in Madhyamavati raga.

Reception
Kutty Krishnan of Kalki praised the film's visuals but criticised the story.

References

External links

1970s Tamil-language films
1979 films
Films directed by Muktha Srinivasan
Films scored by M. S. Viswanathan


title: Qalipu First Nation

text:
The Qalipu First Nation (Pronounced: ha-lee-boo, meaning: Caribou), is a Mi’kmaq band government, created by order-in-council in 2011 pursuant to the Agreement for the Recognition of the Qalipu Mi’kmaq Band. After the band was approved as a First Nation, 100,000 people applied for membership and a total of 23,000 were approved.

This band is a landless band based on the island of Newfoundland. In 2018, Qalipu First Nation was accepted as a member of the Assembly of First Nations.

History prior to recognition

Pre-contact
At the time of European contact, the Mi'kmaq people inhabited Miꞌkmaꞌki, which covered modern-day Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, northeastern New Brunswick, and the Gaspé Peninsula.

By the 17th century, the Mi'kmaq would often visit the island they called Taqamkuk (present-day Newfoundland) by crossing the Cabot Strait in shallops that they adopted from European traders. They visited the island and hunted along the south coast as far east as Placentia Bay before returning to Unamaki. They gradually made Taqamkuk among their "domain of islands". Some  Mi'kmaq have argued that in addition, a group of Mi'kmaq lived on the island for hundreds of years. The island's Indigenous population, the Beothuk, are said to have gone extinct in the early 1800s.

Permanent settlement in Newfoundland
During the colonial period, when the French and British competed for claims to land in North America, the Mi'kmaq became allied with France with whom they traded. Together they raided settlements of the English in New England and in the Maritime provinces of the future Canada. In 1763, after France was defeated by Britain in the Seven Years' War, it ceded all its land east of the Mississippi River to Great Britain, including the Mi'kmaq's traditional land. After this, numerous British colonists entered that territory and tried to settle.

Newfoundland, however, was still sparsely populated, and most Europeans lived on the eastern portion of the island and only in small isolated coastal settlements. The Mi'kmaq living on the island were essentially able to continue their traditional way of life on the island's west coast and in the interior. After the Beothuk people declined in the 1800s, the Mi'kmaq no longer shared Newfoundland's interior with anyone. In 1857, a colonial census of Newfoundland recorded Mi'kmaq settlements at St. George's Bay, Codroy Valley, Bay d'Espoir, and the Bay of Exploits.

The English and other Europeans had little knowledge of the interior and relied on the Mi'kmaq as guides. In 1822, explorer William Cormack traversed Newfoundland's interior from Trinity Bay to St. George's Bay. He was guided by a Mi'kmaw man named Sylvester Joe. In the 1860s, the British hired some Mi'kmaq men to deliver the mail overland through a network of trails reaching the northern communities.

Late 19th century decline
In 1898, a railway was constructed across the island, giving Europeans greater access to Newfoundland's interior. Numerous Europeans came to hunt the caribou herds, causing a sharp decline in the species population. The caribou had served as one of the main sources of food for the Mi'kmaq and their decline adversely affected the survival of the Mi'kmaq. Starting in the 1920s, global fur prices began to decline as well, and some Mi'kmaq left trapping to work for Europeans as loggers.

Drive for recognition
In 1972 activists formed the Native Association of Newfoundland and Labrador as the main organization representing the Mi'kmaq, Innu and Inuit peoples of Newfoundland and Labrador. After the Labrador Innu and Inuit left the Association in 1975, the organization was renamed as the Federation of Newfoundland Indians. The FNI included six Mi'kmaq bands (Elmastogoeg First Nations, Corner Brook Indian Band, Flat Bay Indian Band, Gander Bay Indian Band, Glenwood Mi'kmaq First Nation and the Port au Port Indian Band). The provincial government supported the FNI.
The federal government approved only the petition for recognition made by the Mi'kmaq at Conne River. In 1987, the Miawpukek Mi'kmaq First Nation was recognized under the Indian Act, and their community of Conne River was classified as reserved land for the Mi'kmaq.

Recognition for the remainder of Newfoundland's Mi'kmaq was a much longer process. The group's attempts to obtain status under the Indian Act were fruitless, and led to a Federal Court action in 1989, in which the FNI sought a declaration that its members were Indians within the meaning of the 1867 Constitution Act. Minister David Crombie was willing to work with the FNI and the government of Newfoundland, but the provincial government considered it to be a federal matter.

In 2003, Minister Andy Scott was presented with a report that recommended a First Nations band without any reserved land to represent the Mi'kmaq of Newfoundland. An Agreement-in-principle was reached in 2006, which the FNI accepted in 2007. The federal government ratified it in 2008.

Membership

The Government of Canada had expected band membership to be similar to the membership of the Federation of Newfoundland Indians, around 5,000 people. Instead, around 100,000 people, or the equivalent of one-fifth of the population of Newfoundland, applied to become band members.

After the first round of enrollment, 23,000 of 30,000 applicants were accepted. Although not yet functional, the band became the second largest by membership in Canada. This put the enrolment process to a halt and a supplemental agreement between the Federation of Newfoundland Indians and Canada was formed in 2013. The rest of the outstanding applications were put in indefinite storage. In 2013 applicants organized a new group, the Mi’kmaq First Nations Assembly of Newfoundland to lobby to continue the enrollment process. They began to prepare for a legal action regarding the enrollment process should lobbying fail. In 2014, parliament passed Bill C-25, authorizing it to review all applications and retroactively reject some, based on criteria similar to those used in the R v Powley case that defined rights for the Métis people. The 2013 agreement tightened rules and criteria thus leaving 80,000+ applicants rejected in its wake. In 2017, only 18,044 were eligible for membership. In 2018, the Qalipu First Nation announced that the updated Founding Members List for the Band was adopted by way of an Order in Council which came into effect on June 25, 2018. The 2018 Band list included 18,575 members. By 2021, nearly 24,000 people were recognized as founding members, in 67 Newfoundland communities and abroad.

Questions of legitimacy

In 2013, Chiefs Terrance Paul and Gerard Julian, co-chairs of the Assembly of Nova Scotia Chiefs, sent a joint letter to the Minister of Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Canada. They presented their concerns regarding the legitimacy of the Qalipu band, and asked for further clarification and explanation by the federal government. They disputed the authority of the federal government to determine who qualifies as Mi’kmaq. They said that, while the government of Canada may have jurisdiction over who is an Indian, they do not have the constitutional right to determine who is a Mi’kmaw.

Later in 2013, the Mi’kmaq Grand Council, the traditional government of the Mi'kmaq people, issued a statement to the United Nations denouncing the Qalipu band as illegitimate. The letter stated, "These new Qalipu members we simply do not know and do not recognize as Mi’kmaq." The Mi'kmaq Rights Initiative assert that the Qalipu were created as an entity by the federal government, and they do not consider them as part of the broader Mi'kmaq nation. The Friends of Qalipu Advocacy Association is currently taking Qalipu First Nation (and its precursor) to court over the enrolment process.

Governance
A band council is elected under the Qalipu Mi’kmaq First Nation Band Custom Election Rules, which were a part of the agreement with the Canadian government.  Changes to the Custom Election Rules can be made only after a referendum voted on by the whole band membership. In 2021, a referendum passed changing terms of office to four years starting in 2024.

Council
Members of the Qalipu Mi'kmaq First Nation elect a Chief (currently Brendan Mitchell), 2 Vice Chiefs, and councillors representing a total of 9 wards.

Wards and councillors
Shown below are the electoral districts and the results from the 2021 election.

References

Canadian people who self-identify as being of Indigenous descent
First Nations in Newfoundland and Labrador
First Nations governments in Atlantic Canada

2011 establishments in Newfoundland and Labrador
Indigenous peoples in Newfoundland and Labrador


title: Ammara Noman

text:
Ammara Noman () is a Pakistani chef who rose to prominence after winning the title of first MasterChef Pakistan. She beat about 100 contestants and her 15 co-contestants who entered the Masterchef Kitchen.

Personal info
Ammara Noman was born to Muslim parents in 1981 in peshawar, khyber pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. She is married to Noman sheikh, couple have four children. She was married at a very young age and only has High school diploma.

MasterChef Pakistan: 2014

Despite no training in cooking and special achievements, Ammara is a self skilled and a gifted cook. She is an ardent follower of the MasterChef counterparts across the globe. She states: "That every time I watched the shows i could picture myself standing in the MasterChef kitchen at my own cooking station".

She auditioned in Karachi and was selected after presenting her cold dish in Live cooking challenge. Subsequently, passing Boot Camp challenges, she appears as a 'Top 16'. In the 25 episodes where she competed in first series, Ammara was the first person who won Immunity and won eight times in individual and team challenges; additionally, she placed six times in the top three group. Ammara was the only contestant who never faced any elimination challenge: Either she won the challenge or simply got selected for next stage.

On July 27, 2014, Ammara was announced the winner of the competition and took away PKR 5,000,000, (US $ 50,000) the MasterChef title, the MasterChef trophy, and a cookbook deal, including five years free supply of Ariel. Ammara will soon publish her cookbook.

References

External links

 Ammara Noman on Urdu1
 Video MasterChef Pakistan - Season 1 Episode 26 - Final Winner !, on July 27, 2014

People from Karachi
Living people
1981 births
Muhajir people
Reality cooking competition winners
MasterChef Pakistan
Pakistani television chefs
Participants in Pakistani reality television series
Women chefs


title: Rameshwor Phuyal

text:
Rameshwor Phuyal () is a member of 2nd Nepalese Constituent Assembly. He won Kathamndu–3 seat in 2013 Nepalese Constituent Assembly election from Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist-Leninist).

References

Year of birth missing (living people)
Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist) politicians
Living people
Provincial cabinet ministers of Nepal
Members of the Provincial Assembly of Bagmati Province
Members of the 2nd Nepalese Constituent Assembly


title: Manitoba Provincial Road 349

text:
Manitoba Provincial Road 349 is a provincial road in the southwestern section of the Canadian province of Manitoba.

Route description
The route begins at PR 250 and terminates at PTH 10 south of Brandon. PR 349 meets southbound PR 348 approximately  west of its eastbound terminus.

PR 349 is a straight gravel road for its entire length.

History
In the early 1990s, the Manitoba government decommissioned a number of provincial secondary roads and returned the maintenance of these roads back to the rural municipalities. A section of the original PR 349 was included in this decommissioning.

Prior to this, PR 349 extended past its westbound terminus for  before terminating at PTH 21 south of Griswold.

After the decommissioning of this section, the road is known as Municipal Road Mile 50N.

The original length of PR 349 was .

References

349


title: Mark Noble (sportsman)

text:
Mark Fredrick Noble (born 30 September 1962) is a New Zealand chess and lawn bowls player. He was awarded the title of International Correspondence Chess Grandmaster (GM) in 2010, the first New Zealand player to be awarded this title.

At the age of 13, he was disabled after being hit by a motorist, smashing his left hip. However, as a lawn bowler, he generally competes with able-bodied players.

Noble competed in the Open para-sport triples event at the 2014 Commonwealth Games where he won the silver medal with teammates Lynda Bennett and Barry Wynks. He won another silver medal, along with teammates Bruce Wakefield and Barry Wynks, in the Open para-sport triples event at the 2018 Commonwealth Games.

Lawn bowls titles
 Wellington Open Titles 14
 Wellington Super Bowls 1
 Taranaki Super Bowls 1
 Manawatu Open Titles 9
 Wairarapa Open Titles 3
 Wanganui Open Title 1
 Takaro Pro Pairs 2019 Gold (Skip)
 New Zealand Open Titles 2
 New Zealand Astro Mixed Triples 1
 2003 World Disabled Triples Gold (Skip)
 2003 World Disabled Pairs Bronze (Skip)
 Commonwealth Games 2014 Glasgow Silver Medal  (Skip)
 2017 International 8 Nations Silver Medal   (Skip)
 Commonwealth Games 2018 Gold Coast Silver Medal (Skip)
 New Zealand Disabled Singles 2018 Gold
 New Zealand Disabled Pairs 2018 Gold (Skip)
 Taranaki Open Fours Semi Final 2021 (Skip)
 New Zealand Bowls 3 Five 2022 Silver (Skip}

Chess placings
Over The Board Titles:
 Fide Master Title 1992
 North Island Champion 1993 1st=
 North Island Champion 2015 1st
 North Island Blitz Champion 2015 1st
 North Island Championship Senior Champion 2015 1st
 North Island Blitz Senior Champion 2016 1st
 North Island Rapid Senior Champion 2015 1st
 North Island Rapid Senior Champion 2016 1st
 North Island Championship Senior Champion 2016 1st
 North Island Championship 2016 1st=
 South Island Championship 2015 1st=
 South Island Rapid Championship 2015 1st=
 New Zealand Rapid Champion 1995 1st=
 New Zealand Rapid Champion 2016 1st=
 New Zealand Senior Champion 2018 1st=

Correspondence Title & Events
 ICCF International Master Title 1991 (IM)
 ICCF Senior Master Title 2007 (SM)
 ICCF Grandmaster Title 2010 (GM)
 28th World Chess Championship Final  3rd=
 8th Interzonal Team Championship (Board 1) 1st Gold Medal
 5th Chess 960 World Cup Final 1st=

George Stibal Memorial 2011
 George Stibal Memorial 1st (plus GM Norm)

British Team Championships
 1st British Team Championship 1st
 2nd British Team Championship 1st
 3rd British Team Championship 1st

Asian Championships:
 4th Asian Championship 1st
 5th Asian Championship 1st

Afro-Asian Zonal Championship:
 9th Afro-Asian Championship 1st
 12th Afro-Asian Championship 1st

New Zealand Correspondence Championships, a record 14 times:
 55th New Zealand Championship 1988 1st Equal
 72nd New Zealand Championship 2005 1st Equal
 74th New Zealand Championship 2007 1st Equal
 75th New Zealand Championship 2008 1st
 76th New Zealand Championship 2009 1st
 77th New Zealand Championship 2010 1st
 78th New Zealand Championship 2011 1st Equal
 79th New Zealand Championship 2012 1st
 80th New Zealand Championship 2013 1st
 81st New Zealand Championship 2014 1st Equal
 82nd New Zealand Championship 2015 1st
 83rd New Zealand Championship 2016 1st
 84th New Zealand Championship 2017 1st
 88th New Zealand Championship 2021 1st Equal

References

External links

1962 births
Living people
New Zealand chess players
Correspondence chess grandmasters
Chess FIDE Masters
New Zealand male bowls players
Commonwealth Games competitors for New Zealand
Commonwealth Games silver medallists for New Zealand
Commonwealth Games medallists in lawn bowls
Bowls players at the 2014 Commonwealth Games
Bowls players at the 2018 Commonwealth Games
Medallists at the 2014 Commonwealth Games
20th-century New Zealand people
21st-century New Zealand people


title: Thoracocharax securis

text:
Thoracocharax securis, the giant hatchetfish, is a hatchetfish found in the Amazon River Basin. Adults will grow up to 6.8 cm in the wild and 9 cm in the aquarium. It is a  rarely seen species in the aquarium hobby. It is known to glide up to 2.74 meters (9 ft) out of the water.

Aquarium care
Thoracocharax securis should be kept in group of at least 5 individuals. The minimum aquarium volume for such a group is 150 L.

References

http://eol.org/pages/217344/overview

http://www.fishbase.org/summary/Thoracocharax-securis.html

Gasteropelecidae
Fish of South America
Thoracocharax
Fish described in 1853
Taxa named by Filippo De Filippi


title: Maine State Route 234

text:
State Route 234 (SR 234) is a state highway located in central Maine. It begins at an intersection with SR 149 in Strong and runs east for  to U.S. Route 201A (US 201A) and SR 8 in Anson. SR 234 exists in two separate segments connected by a  section of SR 27.

Route description
SR 234 begins at the Sandy River just east of downtown Strong as a spur from SR 149, which connects with SR 4 and SR 145 in the town center before running south on the east bank of the river. SR 234 heads due east on Norton Hill Road, passing to the south of Porter Lake and crossing into New Vineyard, where it becomes Lake Street and intersect SR 27 (New Vineyard Road). SR 234 turns north onto SR 27 and the two routes run concurrently for  before SR 234 turns east again onto Anson Valley Road towards the town of Anson in Somerset County. In Anson, SR 234 briefly runs along the southern bank of the Carrabassett River before terminating in North Anson at US 201A / SR 8 near their intersection with SR 16 and the confluence of the Carrabassett and Kennebec rivers.

Signage as of September 2013 indicates a concurrency of SR 149 and SR 234 heading northwest into downtown Strong. However, state route logs do not show this concurrency.

History
SR 234 was designated in 1956 over entirely new routing. Its alignment has not changed since.

Junction list

See also

References

External links

234
Transportation in Franklin County, Maine
Transportation in Somerset County, Maine


title: John Johnson (linebacker)

text:
John Vernard Johnson (born May 8, 1968) is a former American football linebacker who played five seasons in the National Football League (NFL) with the San Francisco 49ers, Cincinnati Bengals and New Orleans Saints. He was drafted by the San Francisco 49ers in the second round of the 1991 NFL Draft. He played college football at Clemson University and attended LaGrange High School in LaGrange, Georgia.

References

External links
Just Sports Stats
Fanbase profile

Living people
1968 births
Players of American football from LaGrange, Georgia
American football linebackers
Clemson Tigers football players
San Francisco 49ers players
Cincinnati Bengals players
New Orleans Saints players
LaGrange High School (Georgia) alumni


title: Trams in Nanjing

text:
Nanjing tram is the tram system of Nanjing city in the province Jiangsu of the China. There are two lines which are not connected to each other.

The Nanjing tram is a wireless system, powered by lightweight Li-ion batteries. Batteries are charged via a pantograph at stations and terminals, and dynamically during acceleration. Charging time is 46 seconds at stations, and 10 minutes at terminals. 90% of the line is catenary-free.

Lines
Hexi trams opened on 13 August 2014. Qilin trams began test runs on 10 October 2016.

Hexi trams

The starting point of the Hexi tram line is located at the Nanjing Metro Line 2 Olympic Stadium East station. The other terminus is located in Hexi,  away. Transfer is available to Nanjing Metro Line 2 and Line 10 at Yuantong.

Qilin trams

Qilin Tram, with a total length of , runs between Maqun station on Line 2, Nanjing Metro and Shiyanglu station. There are 13 stations; one of them is elevated, while the rest are surface-level.

Stations

See also
 Nanjing Metro

References

Transport in Nanjing
Railway lines opened in 2014
Nanjing
2014 establishments in China
Nanjing


title: Lee Bottom Airport

text:
Lee Bottom Airport  is a privately owned and public use airport  south of Hanover, in Jefferson County, Indiana. The airport was re-opened in April 1991.

See also

References

External links
Lee Bottom Flying Field at YouTube (Journey Indiana interview with owners)

Airports in Indiana
Transportation buildings and structures in Jefferson County, Indiana


title: Hexi trams

text:
The Hexi tram (opened in 2014) is one of two new tramlines that serve the city of Nanjing, China. These lines are part of the Nanjing tram network, which is an above-ground trolley system in Nanjing. The tram began its first trial run on August 13. The tram was built as part of infrastructure works for the 2014 Summer Youth Olympics.

Overview
The Hexi tram begins at the Nanjing Metro Line 2 Olympic Stadium East station. The terminus is located in Yuzui Wetlands Park area in southern Hexi New District.

The tram runs completely at ground level and features eco-friendly technologies and many modern amenities which include an on-board storage battery, and a pantograph charging system at each of its stations.

The Hexi tram covers  with a total of 13 stations that intersect in four points with Nanjing's existing metro lines.

On 6 May 2021, service of Hexi tram was temporarily suspended to allow construction of Metro Line 2 western extension. Later in October 2021, service was partly resumed, with Qinxinlu and Baoshuangjiedong stations remain suspended.

Stations

References

Transport in Nanjing
Railway lines opened in 2014
2014 establishments in China


title: Rameshwor

text:
Rameshwor is an Indian and Nepali given name. In Hinduism, Rameshwor refers to the Lord of Rama and the name of Lord Shiva.

Notable people with the name include:
 Rameshwor Karki, Nepali cinematographer
 Rameshwor Phuyal, a politician belonging to the Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist-Leninist)
 Rameshwor Prasad Dhungel, a politician belonging to Nepali Congress

Nepalese masculine given names
Masculine given names


title: Oscar Bartlett

text:
Oscar F. Bartlett, M.D., (October 2, 1823 – November 1911) was an American teacher, farm laborer, physician, and politician from Cayuga County, New York.  He served as a Union Army Surgeon during the American Civil War and represented Walworth County for two years each in the Wisconsin State Senate and Wisconsin State Assembly.  He was a member of the Free Soil Party until its merger to create the Republican Party, and was thereafter a liberal Republican.

Background
Born October 2, 1823, in Victory, New York, one of ten children of Rev. John Milton Bartlett (a former Baptist who joined the Disciples of Christ) and Hannah (Earl) Bartlett. He studied in the local schools, doing well enough that he soon became a teacher himself in the village of Cato, a profession he would practice for ten years. He sustained himself as a farm laborer and teacher, and at the age of fifteen also began to study medicine in the office of a local physician, Dr. Robert Treat Payne.

In Wisconsin
In 1842, Bartlett moved to Wisconsin, working first as a farm laborer in Delavan, then teaching in Racine and working as a retail clerk in a general store, before moving on to East Troy, in Walworth County. He taught school there for some time; then resumed his medical studies by attending lectures at Rush Medical College in Chicago and continuing his medical apprenticeship with a Chicago physician, Dr. N. S. Davis. He then went into medical practice in East Troy.

Legislative service
In 1852, he was elected to the Assembly's third Walworth County district (East Troy and Spring Prairie) as a Freesoiler, succeeding fellow Freesoiler Joel H. Cooper (who was not a candidate for re-election). He was assigned to the standing committees on engrossed bills, and on medical colleges and medical societies. He was re-elected in 1853, but in the next session he was succeeded by Samuel Pratt (himself a Freesoiler turned Republican). He continued in the practice of medicine.

In 1859, he was elected to the Wisconsin Senate as a Republican, succeeding Republican John W. Boyd. In 1861, rather than seek re-election, he joined the Union Army and became a military surgeon in the American Civil War. He was succeeded by fellow Republican Wyman Spooner.

The Civil War and after
He initially joined the 6th Wisconsin Infantry Regiment, for which he was Assistant Surgeon; then moved on to the 3rd Wisconsin Infantry, for which he became a chief surgeon. He was married in Syracuse, New York, on January 19, 1864, to Maria Holyoke, who died later that same year. Bartlett was compelled to resign after he became seriously ill in January 1865. He returned to his home but was crippled by rheumatism to such an extent that he could not practice medicine for some years.

Return to Cayuga County
In 1868 he returned to Cato, New York, setting up practice in the nearby village of Meridian. On May 25, 1869, he remarried, to Maria (Bassett) Holyoke, the widow of his first wife's brother. She had two children from her previous marriage, and together they would have one son, John, who would not live past the age of nineteen. Both of them were active in public life. (Bartlett had remained loyal to the Republican Party).

He died in November 1911, having for some time been the oldest practicing physician in town.

References

Schoolteachers from New York (state)
Republican Party members of the Wisconsin State Assembly
People from Cayuga County, New York
People from East Troy, Wisconsin
People of Wisconsin in the American Civil War
Physicians from New York (state)
Physicians from Wisconsin
Wisconsin Free Soilers
19th-century American politicians
Republican Party Wisconsin state senators
1823 births
1911 deaths
19th-century American farmers


title: Shashiskau River

text:
The Shashiskau River is a river in northern Cochrane District in Northeastern Ontario, Canada. It is part of the James Bay drainage basin, and is a right tributary of the Kesagami River.

The river begins at an unnamed lake in the Shashiskau Hills and adjacent to Kesagami Lake and flows north through Shashiskau Lake, where it takes in the right tributary Little Shashiskau River. It continues north, turns northeast, takes in the right tributary Harvey Creek, and reaches its mouth at the Kesagami River. The Kesagami River flows via the Harricana River to James Bay.

Tributaries
Harvey Creek (right)
Amisk Creek (left)
Little Shashiskau River (right)

See also
List of rivers of Ontario

References

Sources

Rivers of Cochrane District


title: Time Is Over One Day Old

text:
Time Is Over One Day Old is the fourth studio album by Brooklyn-based indie rock band  Bear in Heaven. It was released August 5, 2014 by Dead Oceans.

Track list

References

2014 albums
Bear in Heaven albums
Dead Oceans albums


title: Ruhwa

text:
Ruhwa may refer to any of the following:
 Ruhwa, Burundi, a border town at the border with Rwanda
 Ruhwa, Rwanda, a border town at the border with Burundi
 Ruhwa River, a tributary of the Ruzizi River; it forms part of the border between Rwanda and Burundi


title: Little Shashiskau River

text:
The Little Shashiskau River is a river in northern Cochrane District in Northeastern Ontario, Canada. It is part of the James Bay drainage basin, and is a right tributary of the Shashiskau River.

The river begins at an unnamed lake in the Shashiskau Hills and flows north then northwest to Shashiskau Lake as a right tributary of the Shashiskau River. The Shashiskau River flows via the Kesagami River and the Harricana River to James Bay.

See also
List of rivers of Ontario

References

Sources

Rivers of Cochrane District


title: Adrian Hardy

text:
Adrian Paul Hardy  (born August 16, 1970) is a former American football defensive back who played three seasons in the National Football League (NFL) with the San Francisco 49ers and Cincinnati Bengals. He was drafted by the 49ers in the second round of the 1993 NFL Draft. Hardy played college football at Northwestern State University and attended Redeemer-Seton High School in New Orleans Louisiana. He was a member of the San Francisco 49ers team that won Super Bowl XXIX.

References

External links
Just Sports Stats
Fanbase profile

Living people
1970 births
Players of American football from New Orleans
American football defensive backs
African-American players of American football
Northwestern State Demons football players
San Francisco 49ers players
Cincinnati Bengals players
21st-century African-American sportspeople
20th-century African-American sportspeople


title: Hulbuk

text:
Hulbuk (), formerly Vose' (Восеъ), Poytug (Пойтуғ) is the capital of the Vose' District of the Khatlon Region, Tajikistan. It had an estimated population of 24,500 as of 2020. It is located in the southern portion of Tajikistan  southwest of Kulob and  south of Dushanbe.

Geography

Climate
Hulbuk has a cold semi-arid climate (Köppen climate classification BSk). The average annual temperature is 16.4 °C (61.5 °F). The warmest month is July with an average temperature of 29 °C (84.2 °F) and the coolest month is January with an average temperature of 2.8 °C (37 °F). The average annual precipitation is  and has an average of 71.3 days with precipitation. The wettest month is March with an average of  of precipitation and the driest month is August with an average of 0 mm of precipitation.

History

It is suspected that Hulbuk, a medieval town, housed the Banijurids, a Turco-Iranian dynasty from the eastern region of Central Asia.  Hulbuk allegedly facilitated a rich and powerful court suspected by the palatial and monumental architecture found in the region. In 1953 the initial excavation took place for more than 40 years and uncovered a citadel.  Unfortunately no topographical map has been drawn of the site.  The citadel is thought to be built as a stronghold, lending support that it was used by the dynasty.

References

Populated places in Khatlon Region
Cities in Central Asia


title: Sarah Palin Channel

text:
The Sarah Palin Channel  was an online TV news network devoted to the writings and personality of Sarah Palin that launched on July 27, 2014. In addition to news, Palin stated that she shares "some of the fun that goes on in the Palin household and a lot of our adventures in the great outdoors." Palin constructed the channel as a part of TAPP TV, a media company run by former CNN president Jonathan Klein and former NBCUniversal chairman Jeff Gaspin.

The channel was available only by paid subscription, but the fee was waived for current U.S. service members. Bristol Palin was among the bloggers for the channel.

On July 4, 2015, Sarah Palin announced that she would shut the channel down in its current incarnation.  She said the channel would continue to create content and post videos on Facebook and her PAC site starting August 1, 2015.

References

External links
 Archive of Sarah Palin Channel website

YouTube channels launched in 2014
Internet television channels
Channel


title: Rocchette

text:
Rocchette is a village in Tuscany, central Italy, administratively a frazione of the comune of Castiglione della Pescaia, province of Grosseto.

Geography
Rocchette is about 25 km from Grosseto and 6 km from Castiglione della Pescaia, and it is situated at the foot of Poggio Peroni, one of the peaks of the promontory of Punta Ala, in the pine forest of Roccamare along the Tyrrhenian coast. Rocchette is known for its beaches and it is populated especially in summer,  by tourists, mainly from Northern Europe. The village is situated west to the Provincial Road which links Castiglione della Pescaia to Follonica.

History
Rocchette was formerly known as Campo Albo, a small village born in the Middle Ages, with a castle and a notable pieve, that no longer exists.

Main sights
 Fort of Rocchette (12th century), it was built as a watchtower in the Middle Ages and later known as Rocca di Campo Albo. It was restructured by the Medici in the 16th century.
 Chapel of Madonna del Carmine (18th century), it's the chapel of the castle of Rocchette. It was built to replace the lost pieve di Rocca (12th century).
 Tower of Cala Galera (13th century), it was built as a watchtower by the Republic of Pisa and then restructured by the Medici in 1568.

References

Bibliography
  Emanuele Repetti, «Rocchette», Dizionario Geografico Fisico Storico della Toscana, 1833–1846.
 Bruno Santi, Guida storico-artistica alla Maremma. Itinerari culturali nella provincia di Grosseto, Siena, Nuova Immagine, 1995, pp. 78–81.

See also
 Buriano
 Pian d'Alma
 Pian di Rocca
 Punta Ala
 Roccamare
 Tirli
 Vetulonia

Frazioni of Castiglione della Pescaia


title: Ruhwa, Rwanda

text:
Ruhwa is a town in western Rwanda.

Location
The coordinates of Ruhwa, Rwanda are:2°43'52.0"S, 29°02'29.0"E (Latitude:-2.731111; Longitude:29.041389).

Population
The population of Ruhwa, Rwanda is not publicly known at this time.

Points of interest
The most important point of interest is the international border crossing between Rwanda and Burundi along Highway RN5. The border crossing maintains a one-stop border stop.

See also

References

External links
 Ruhwa Micro Hydro Power Project

Rusizi District
Western Province, Rwanda
Populated places in Rwanda


title: The Dream 1973-2011

text:
The Dream 1973-2011 is a jazz vocal boxed set album by Michael Franks, released in 2012 with Warner Music France.

The compilation includes 72 tracks over five discs with recordings spanning Franks' career with Warner Bros and earlier, from Michael Franks (re-released as Previously Unavailable) in , to Time Together . The fifth disc is a re-release of the relatively rare Michael Franks with Crossfire Live album recorded in Australia in 1980.

Track listing

Reception
AllMusic writers rated the original source albums with between two and a half and four stars. The compilation album is available on their online catalogue, but has yet to be rated.

References

Bibliography

Michael Franks (musician) compilation albums
2012 compilation albums
Warner Music France compilation albums


title: Special Operations Unit (North Macedonia)

text:
The Special Anti-terrorist Unit is a police unit from North Macedonia. It's one of the prestigious divisions in the Police of North Macedonia.

Notable domestic missions
2001 Albanian Insurgency
2007 Operation Mountain Storm
2008 Police action: Ash, (Bajrush clan)
2010 Police action: Conductor, (Frankfurt Mafia)
2012 Arrests after Smilkovci lake killings
2014 Police action: Network, (Grchec clan)
2014 Police action: Kalabria, (Nezim clan)
2014 Police action: Hammer, (Fadilj Arslani clan)
2015 Kumanovo shootings

Foreign missions

Serbia
2014 Floods in Serbia – 24 men and one Mi-17.

Bosnia and Herzegovina
2014 Floods in Bosnia – 15 men.

See also

Alpha (Police Unit)
Special Support Unit
Rapid Deployment Unit
Border Police
Ministry of Internal Affairs
Police of North Macedonia
Lake Patrol
Lions former

References

External links
Video about Tigers (in Macedonian)

Specialist law enforcement agencies of North Macedonia


title: Opposing Views (TV program)

text:
Opposing Views is a public-affairs program produced by 9News and Current Affairs and broadcast by Solar News Channel since August 2, 2013. It is hosted by attorney Rod Nepomunceno.

See also
 List of programs broadcast by Solar News Channel

External links

Philippine television news shows
CNN Philippines original programming
Solar News and Current Affairs
English-language television shows
2013 Philippine television series debuts
2015 Philippine television series endings


title: Darin Jordan

text:
Darin Godfrey Jordan (born December 4, 1964) is a former American football linebacker who played four seasons in the National Football League (NFL) with the Pittsburgh Steelers and San Francisco 49ers. He was drafted by the Pittsburgh Steelers in the fifth round of the 1988 NFL Draft. He played college football at Northeastern University and attended Stoughton High School in Stoughton, Massachusetts. He has also been a member of the Los Angeles Raiders.

Early life
Jordan was born on December 4, 1964, in Boston, Massachusetts. He attended Stoughton High School, where he lettered in track and football, captained the football team, and was selected All Hockomock League as both a junior and senior. Before enrolling at Northeastern University, Jordan worked with his uncle for three summers cleaning all the Venetian blinds, which he said helped him get "a close feeling for the school and the people in it."

At Northeastern, Jordan majored in speech communication and was "one of the premier defensive linemen in Huskies history." He was redshirted as a freshman in 1983, but was in the starting lineup by the fourth game of 1984. By the conclusion of his rookie season, Jordan finished with a total of 24 tackles and two quarterback sacks.

Career
Jordan was drafted by the Pittsburgh Steelers in the fifth round of the 1988 NFL Draft. He was released by the Steelers before their first game of the season and was signed shortly thereafter by the Raiders. After three days with the Raiders he was released for he "did not know their system." As a Plan B free agent, he was signed by the San Francisco 49ers.

During the 1994–95 pre-season, Jordan was released by the 49ers on waivers. Prior to re-signing, he kept in shape by skating with former members of the San Jose Sharks, as he had played pickup hockey until the 10th grade after basketball practice. In January 1995, Jordan was signed by San Francisco as a special teams player and backup linebacker to replace Anthony Peterson on injured reserve. When speaking of the decision, vice president for football administration John McVay said "he's been here before so it's not like he's a stranger to these players." He played his first game of the season in  Super Bowl XXIX against the Chargers on their special team.

Personal life
Jordan was married to Andrea Hayes-Jordan, the first pediatric surgeon to perform a high-risk, life-saving procedure in children with a rare form of cancer. They have two children together, a son and daughter. After retiring from football, Jordan inspects game balls and uniforms for NRG Stadium under contract of the NFL.

References

External links
Just Sports Stats
Fanbase profile

Living people
1964 births
Players of American football from Boston
American football linebackers
American football defensive ends
African-American players of American football
Northeastern Huskies football players
Pittsburgh Steelers players
Los Angeles Raiders players
San Francisco 49ers players
21st-century African-American people
20th-century African-American sportspeople


title: Wars and Treasure

text:
Wars and Treasure () is a 2000 Iranian drama film directed by Hossein Shahabi (Persian: حسین شهابی)

Background
Release of the film is banned for 15 years issued by the Government of Iran for screening film festivals.

Starring
 Fariba Mortazavi
 Rasool Honarmand
 Parvin Solymani
 Ali Habibpoor
 Manoochehr Farhang
 Mohammad Taheri Azar
 Yaser Rakh
 Arezoo Kheyroshar
 Farrokhe Yazdanfar

Cast
 Director Of Photography: Bahman Zonoozi
 Sound Recorder: karim esbati
 Editor:Hossein Shahabi
 Music: Hossein Shahabi
 Costume Designer:Hossein Shahabi
 family Of Consulting: Fariba Poursaberi
 Planner: Mohammad Taheri Azar
 Assistsnts Director: Siavash Shahabi - Ahmad Shahabi

References

External links
 Wars and Treasure At/ Linkedin

2000 films
Iranian drama films
Films directed by Hossein Shahabi


title: L'Damian Washington

text:
L'Damian Washington (born May 10, 1991) is an American football coach and former wide receiver. He was a member of the Dallas Cowboys, San Francisco 49ers, New York Giants, Cleveland Browns, Miami Dolphins, Pittsburgh Steelers, Kansas City Chiefs, Edmonton Eskimos, Winnipeg Blue Bombers, Birmingham Iron, and St. Louis BattleHawks. He played college football at Missouri. Washington currently serves as wide receiver coach for the South Florida Bulls.

Early years
Washington attended Green Oaks High School, where he played football and basketball. As a junior, he earned All-district honors after making 7 interceptions while playing at cornerback.

As a senior, he registered 53 receptions for 1,064 yards and 12 touchdowns at wide receiver, while having 4 interceptions on defense. In one game he posted 6 receptions for 257 yards and 3 touchdowns. He was a team captain and a First-team All-district selection. He was named the offensive MVP at the inaugural Sportsman's Paradise All-Star Game in Louisiana.

College career
Washington accepted a football scholarship from the University of Missouri. As a redshirt freshman, he appeared in 12 games (one start), collecting 5 receptions for 35 yards.

The next year, he recorded 20 receptions for 364 yards (18.2-yard average) and 3 touchdowns. He earned the full-time starter job as a junior, registering 25 receptions for 443 yards (17.7-yard average) and 2 touchdowns.

In 2013, Washington finished his senior season with 50 receptions for 893 yards (17.9-yard average) and 10 touchdowns, including a 96-yard touchdown catch against the University of South Carolina. He was limited with a left turf toe during the final five games of the season. He was also voted a team captain the same year.

Professional career

Dallas Cowboys
Washington was signed as an undrafted free agent by the Dallas Cowboys after the 2014 NFL Draft. He suffered a right shoulder injury in June, that forced him to miss most of the organized team activities. He returned in time for the start of training camp, but injuries on the defensive line forced the team to waive him on August 2.

San Francisco 49ers
Washington was claimed off waivers by the San Francisco 49ers on August 3, 2014. He was cut on August 30.

New York Giants
Washington was signed to the New York Giants practice squad on September 16, 2014. He was released on September 24.

Cleveland Browns
Washington was signed to the Cleveland Browns practice squad on October 21, 2014. He was waived on November 25.

Miami Dolphins
Washington was signed to the Miami Dolphins practice squad on December 3, 2014.

Pittsburgh Steelers
The Pittsburgh Steelers signed Washington to a futures contract on January 8, 2015. On May 21, he was placed on the injured reserve list and was waived injured 5 days later, after splitting his calf in two and tearing it off the bone.

Kansas City Chiefs
Washington signed with the Kansas City Chiefs on August 3, 2015. He was released by the team on August 30.

Edmonton Eskimos
On September 1, 2016, Washington was signed by the Edmonton Eskimos of the Canadian Football League. He was released from the practice roster on September 13.

Winnipeg Blue Bombers
On May 31, 2017, he signed with the Winnipeg Blue Bombers of the Canadian Football League. He started in the season opener against the Saskatchewan Roughriders, tallying 2 receptions for 38 yards and one touchdown. He appeared in 8 games, registering 24 receptions for 246 yards and two touchdown. He was cut on May 1, 2018.

Birmingham Iron
On September 14, 2018, Washington signed with the Birmingham Iron of the Alliance of American Football for the 2019 season. The league ceased operations in April 2019.

St. Louis BattleHawks
In October 2019, Washington was selected by the St. Louis BattleHawks as part of the 2020 XFL Draft. On February 9, 2020 he started in the season opener tallying 5 receptions for 20 yards in a 15–9 win over the Dallas Renegades. In March, amid the COVID-19 pandemic, the league announced that it would be cancelling the rest of the season. Playing in all 5 games, he had 21 receptions for 252 yards and one touchdown. He had his contract terminated when the league suspended operations on April 10, 2020.

Post-playing career
Washington was head football coach at West Middle School in Columbia, Missouri for the Fall 2019 and 2020 season.

In January 2022, Washington joined the Oklahoma Sooners football staff as an offensive analyst and assistant wide receivers coach. On August 7, 2022, following the sudden resignation of wide receivers coach Cale Gundy, Washington was appointed to the role on an interim basis by head coach Brent Venables.

Following the season, Washington joined the Western Kentucky Hilltoppers football coaching staff, but later that same offseason was offered and accepted the role of wide receivers coach at the University of South Florida. Initial results have been high, with FCS transfer Naiem Simmons posting 8 catches for 272 yards and a touchdown vs Rice University and returning WR Sean Atkins catching 4 passes for 116 yards and 2 TDs against the United States Naval Academy.

Personal life
Washington is a motivational speaker. He graduated from the University of Missouri with a psychology degree in 4 years, despite having lost both of his parents at an early age. His father was murdered when he was only 6, and his mother had a stroke and died after one of his high school basketball games when he was only 15.

Washington is one of four brothers (La'Courtney, Tobias, Tomarious), once their mom had passed they had all decided to remain together as one taking care of each other, with La'Courtney becoming their legal guardian. Washington was accompanied by his best friends and also high school teammates; Joshua, Roovelroe and Jordan. L'Damian's best friend was murdered when he was only 15.

In popular culture
Washington is referenced in Trivia, the 11th episode in Season 8 of the The Office as an incorrect answer to who "won the NBA's Sixth Man of the Year Award in 2011."

References

External links
L'Damian Washington continues the fight
Athlete Spotlight: The L'Damian Washington Story
Missouri Tigers Bio
L'Damian Washington  Stats

1991 births
Living people
Players of American football from Shreveport, Louisiana
American football wide receivers
Cleveland Browns players
Dallas Cowboys players
Edmonton Elks players
Missouri Tigers football players
New York Giants players
Pittsburgh Steelers players
San Francisco 49ers players
Birmingham Iron players
St. Louis BattleHawks players


title: Hegemann

text:
Hegemann is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:

 Dimitri Hegemann, German nightclub owner and activist
 Elizabeth Compton Hegemann (1897–1962), American photographer
 Helene Hegemann (born 1992), German writer, director, and actor
 Marta Hegemann (1894–1970), German artist
 Peter Hegemann (born 1954), German biophysicist
 Werner Hegemann (1881–1936), city planner and architecture critic

German-language surnames


title: Madeline Mulqueen

text:
Madeline Mulqueen (born 19 July 1990) is an Irish model and occasional actress.

Background
Mulqueen was born in Limerick in 1990, and raised in Kildimo, County Limerick. She went to Laurel Hill Coláiste FCJ, she studied at Mary Immaculate College in Limerick.

Career
Mulqueen started out with the Fíona Doyle agency, before being signed by The Martina Costelloe Agency. Mulqueen entered several regional modelling contests, including the South West Model Search, which she won, and was runner-up in the Miss Limerick contest in 2009.

Mulqueen appeared in the music video to the song "Horse Outside" by the Limerick comedy hip-hop duo The Rubberbandits. The video shows a wedding scene, with Mulqueen playing the sought-after bridesmaid at the wedding. This role brought Mulqueen national attention as the video had received more than 11 million hits on YouTube as of August 2014, came second on the Irish Singles Chart in the hunt for the Christmas number one, and was called "the biggest song in Ireland in a generation". As a result of the video, Mulqueen became the most googled woman in Ireland. Following the success of "Horse Outside", Mulqueen appeared on comedy programme Republic of Telly on RTÉ Two, and then appeared in the second celebrity special of TV3's Come Dine with Me, which aired in December 2012. As of 2014, Mulqueen was working on several other television projects, including a pilot for RTÉ.

Mulqueen has been critical of the Irish modelling industry, saying she finds it "disheartening to see a lot of the focus on over-sexualising models".

Personal life
Mulqueen lives in Dublin. She is engaged to Irish-American actor Jack Reynor. They became engaged in Hong Kong in March 2014, a year after meeting.

In October 2012, Mulqueen was assaulted in the Grafton Street branch of McDonald's. She had come to the defence of a member of staff during a dispute with a customer about payment. The customer punched Mulqueen on the jaw.

External links

References

Living people
1990 births
Irish female models
Actresses from Limerick (city)
21st-century Irish actresses


title: Hurricane Iselle

text:
Hurricane Iselle was the strongest tropical cyclone to make landfall on the Big Island of Hawaii in recorded history. The tenth named storm, fifth hurricane, and fourth major hurricane of the 2014 hurricane season, Iselle developed from an area of disturbed weather southwest of Mexico on July 31, 2014. Assuming a west-northwest course that it would maintain throughout its existence, generally favorable atmospheric conditions allowed for gradual strengthening, with the cyclone attaining hurricane status a day after formation. Continued strengthening progressed for several days up until August 4, when Iselle reached peak intensity with maximum sustained winds of 140 mph (220 km/h) and a minimum barometric pressure of 947 mbar (hPa; 27.96 inHg), making it a Category 4 hurricane. Thereafter, Iselle encountered hostile environmental conditions and quickly weakened before making landfall on the Big Island on August 8 as a moderate tropical storm. Its passage over the island disrupted the cyclone, and Iselle later dissipated on August 9.

Widespread precautionary measures took place across Hawaii as forecasts indicated the potential for a Hawaiian landfall as early as August 2. Then-governor Neil Abercrombie signed an emergency proclamation into effect, and numerous government facilities were closed. Several airlines cancelled flights servicing the archipelago. Upon making landfall, Iselle brought torrential rainfall and caused strong winds which resulted in widespread power outages and downed trees. The storm caused heavy crop damage, estimated at $79.2 million (2014 USD), including 60% of the state's papaya that was lost. This was enough to be classified as an agriculture disaster, and was eventually declared a disaster by Federal Emergency Management Agency after initially being denied. The storm also killed one person on Kauai as a result of flooding.

Meteorological history

In late July 2014, computer models began to indicate the possible formation of a low-pressure area off the coast of southwestern Mexico, prompting the National Hurricane Center (NHC) to assess the region with a low probability of tropical cyclogenesis on July 24. These forecasts began to come to fruition on July 28 when an area of thunderstorms associated with a tropical wave developed off the Mexican coast. Tracking westward in favorable conditions, the system organized over the following days. A tropical depression formed by 12:00 UTC on July 31. Six hours later, the NHC upgraded the depression to Tropical Storm Iselle due to the system's organization and the detection of tropical storm-force winds by the MetOp-B scatterometer. At the time, Iselle was located roughly 1,075 mi (1,730 km) southwest of the southern tip of the Baja California peninsula. Steady intensification continued after formation, with the NHC indicating the possibility of rapid intensification. On August 1, Iselle began to develop an eye, and this progressive pattern of organization prompted the NHC to upgrade the storm to hurricane status at 00:00 UTC the following day.

Although favorable conditions allowed for the uninhibited growth of Iselle early in its development, moderate wind shear briefly impacted the hurricane on August 2, preventing thunderstorms from intensifying and causing the storm to become slightly malformed vertically. However, these conditions abated shortly afterwards, allowing Iselle to resume strengthening and reach Category 2 hurricane status late that same day. With wind shear no longer impinging on the organization of Iselle, the tropical cyclone gradually became more symmetric, allowing for the hurricane's once ragged eye to clear itself of cloud cover and the storm to intensify to major hurricane status on August 3. Attaining some annular tropical cyclone characteristics, Iselle reaching Category 4 strength at 12:00 UTC on August 4. Consequently, Iselle reached peak intensity at 18:00 UTC with maximum sustained winds of 140 mph (220 km/h) and a minimum barometric pressure of 947 mbar (hPa; 27.96 inHg). At the same time, the hurricane exhibited an eye 30 mi (45 km) across.

Following peak intensity, the combination of increasing wind shear and lowering sea surface temperatures began to slowly weaken Iselle, bringing it below Category 4 intensity early on August 5. Continued wind shear caused the storm to further degrade and its eye to become ragged in appearance. The NHC downgraded Iselle below major hurricane intensity at 18:00 UTC that day. At 00:00 UTC on August 6, forecasting responsibility transferred from the NHC to the Central Pacific Hurricane Center (CPHC). Although wind shear began to decrease thereafter, abundant dry air caused Iselle to rapidly weaken, dropping to Category 1 intensity on August 6. However, the suppressed wind shear allowed for the hurricane to reorganize and maintain a large eye as it tracked towards Hawaii, and Iselle reached its secondary peak intensity with winds of 100 mph (155 km/h) at 00:00 UTC on August 7. On August 7, the upper-level trough to the north caused an increase in wind shear, the storm's eye had faded and the CPHC estimated that Iselle had weakened to a minimal hurricane. Strong wind shear disrupted the system, and Iselle weakened to a tropical storm the next day before making landfall at 12:30 UTC along the Kau coast of the Big island with winds of 60 mph (95 km/h). The mountainous terrain of the island largely disrupted the main cyclonic circulation of Iselle, which manifested as a collection of small vortices south of the Hawaiian islands. Due to the loss of any sustained thunderstorm activity at the storm's center, the CPHC decided to downgrade Iselle to a remnant area of low pressure on August 9; at the time, the disturbance was centered roughly 200 mi (320 km) west-southwest of Honolulu. Iselle's remnant low dissipated two days later.

Preparations

At 21:00 UTC on August 5, the CPHC issued a tropical storm watch for the island of Hawaii; forecasts issued by the NHC as early as August 2 illustrated the possibility of Iselle tracking over or in the vicinity of the Hawaiian archipelago. As the hurricane tracked closer to the islands, watches were extended as far westward as Oahu. The first hurricane warning associated with Iselle was issued on August 6 for Hawaii County. Later that day, a tropical storm warning was issued for Maui, Molokai, Lanai, Kahoolawe, and Oahu. By early on August 7, the tropical storm warning was extended to include Kauai, placing all of the main Hawaiian islands under some form of tropical cyclone warning. The potential for flooding also resulted in the issuance of a flash flood watch for the entirety the island chain. By August 9, all warnings were lifted as Iselle no longer posed a threat to the islands.

In anticipation for the potential impacts of both Iselle and Hurricane Julio, Hawaii governor Neil Abercrombie signed an emergency proclamation, thereby allocating resources to future relief and mitigation operations. Maui County mayor Alan Arakawa issued a state of emergency for his respective county. Due to the impending threat of the storm, the heightened sense of urgency prompted residents to stock up on necessities. Although no mandatory evacuation was planned, residents of low-lying areas in Hawaii County were requested to evacuate due to the threat of storm surge and flooding. Residents in coastal Kau and Puna districts were advised to take precautions and evacuate to higher ground if necessary. The United States Coast Guard urged boaters and mariners to exercise caution as waves were expected to reach  in some offshore locations. The Coast Guard also prepared to partially close ports in both Hawaii and Maui County.

In Maui County, the Hawai'i Department of Education ordered for the closure of all schools and the designation of some facilities as emergency shelters. All public schools in Hawaii County were also closed by the department. Both the University of Hawaii and the Hawaii Community College closed their campuses during Iselle's passage. The Hawai'i Department of Land and Natural Resources closed all of its managed lands in Hawaii and Maui counties and closed some of its campgrounds and wilderness areas in Oahu and Kauai counties. All state offices and courthouses in Hawaii County were closed with the retention of only essential staff. Although Hawaiian Airlines did not cancel its flights, the company waived fees for passengers seeking to change from flights expected to service during Iselle's passage. United Airlines and Island Air later took the same accommodative measures. The latter later cancelled all of its inter-Hawaiian flights on August 7, with the exception of flights serving Kauai; American Airlines and numerous other airlines would follow suit as the threat of Iselle neared. The Salvation Army readied its resources in preparation for relief operations for Iselle in Hawaii.

Impact

Tropical storm-force winds affected much of the state as Iselle moved through, except Niihau, the rest of the Hawaiian islands all reporting gusts over . Hurricane-force winds were confined to Mauna Kea on the Big Island, where a peak gust of  was observed. Heavy rains affected most of the southern islands, with some areas of the Big Island seeing more than  due to orographic lift from the southerly flow on the backside of Iselle. The greatest total was at the Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge, where  was observed. Areas on the leeward side of the island saw substantially less rain; Kona International Airport received only  during the storm's passage. Kauai saw rains in excess of  in several areas and a maximum of  at a United States Geological Survey station along the Kilohana Ridge. Totals peaked at  to the north on Oahu, while Molokai and Lanai received generally negligible totals. Swells from hurricanes Iselle and Julio also produced  waves along the eastern shores of the Hawaiian islands.

Iselle brought damaging surf along the east coast of the island. Strong winds unroofed homes near Hilo and downed trees. These winds also felled power lines, causing widespread outages impacting roughly 23,000 electricity customers. A geothermal plant in Puna released toxic hydrogen sulfide gases upon losing its power sources, prompting officials to urge an exodus of the immediate area, although a number of nearby residents reported health impacts. A water treatment plant in Kula on Maui also shut down due to power failure, prompting the conservation of water supplies in that area. Iselle's winds also damaged about 1,000 coffee trees and over 2,000 macadamia trees. Damage was heaviest to the papaya crop, with about 60% of the statewide crop destroyed, accounting for $55 million in losses (2014 USD). Other crops, including coffee, macadamia nuts, and flowers, were also damaged, and overall crop losses in the state were estimated at $66 million. Only one known death took place as a direct result of the storm – a 19-year-old woman who was swept away by flood waters while hiking in a closed state park. Over 250 property owners reported damage, with at least 11 houses destroyed, and 28 with major damage. Public damage and the cost to remove debris was estimated at $13.2 million. Total monetary losses in the State of Hawaii range between $148 million and $325 million.

Due to the threat from Iselle, lieutenant governor candidate Warner Sutton requested that Governor Neil Abercrombie postpone the August 9 primary. The governor declined the request, and the primary election occurred as scheduled. However, the storm damaged roads leading to two polling stations on the Big Island, prompting officials to decide the election by absentee ballot in those areas. After a close campaign between incumbent Senator Brian Schatz and Congresswoman Colleen Hanabusa, the senate primary, held on the same day as the gubernatorial primary, was too close to call after Schatz led by only 1,635 votes. As a result, the election hinged on the two closed polling stations, where more than 8,000 people had the option to vote by mail. This was later changed to an in-person vote for August 15, despite a challenge from the Hanabusa campaign with regards to storm damage, and Schatz ultimately won. The Hawaii American Civil Liberties Union later sued the state over how they handled the election.

Aftermath and records

After the storm, Hawaiian Electric Industries worked to restore power across the Big Island, aided by trucks removing trees and debris from roads. By August 20, 99% of customers had their power restored, leaving 1,100 residents by 12 days after the storm. However, it took until September 11, or about five weeks after the storm, for all power to be restored. Post-storm surveys indicated that the damage from Iselle was mostly related to trees that were not native to the island, which weakened and snapped under the high winds. Residents across Hawaii donated over $80,000 after the storm to assist victims, organized through the Hawaii Island United Way. Local charities distributed  of food to over 3,000 families.

The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) completed a disaster survey of houses on August 19, a first step toward a federal disaster declaration. Due to the damage, Congresswoman Tulsi Gabbard remarked, "I'm urging FEMA, Hawaii County, the governor and President Obama to expedite the process of declaring Iselle's devastation a natural disaster so that the people of Puna can receive immediate help." On August 25, Governor Abercrombie formally requested for federal assistance, after the state depleted its disaster fund, but that was rejected by FEMA due to insufficient damage. However, Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack declared an agriculture disaster, prompting the Small Business Administration to allow federal disaster loans to small businesses. The FEMA decision was reversed on September 12, when the federal government approved aid for rebuilding public buildings, as well as future disaster mitigation.

When Iselle made landfall on the Big Island with winds of 60 mph (95 km/h), it became the strongest tropical cyclone on record to hit the island, and one of only three storms to hit the island at tropical storm intensity or higher, along with Tropical Storm Seven in 1958, and Tropical Storm Darby in 2016. If Iselle had made landfall as a hurricane, it would have been the first hurricane to ever hit the Big Island. With estimated damage cost of $148 to 325 million (2014 USD), Iselle became the third-costliest tropical cyclone to ever hit the U.S. state of Hawaii, even after accounting for inflation. The only tropical cyclones to cause more damage to the islands were Iwa in 1982, and Iniki in 1992. In addition, Iselle was the third-strongest tropical cyclone to ever make landfall on the main Hawaiian islands after hurricanes Dot and Iniki.

See also

Hurricane Gil (1983) – Skirted north of Hawaii, causing widespread power outages, gusty winds, and heavy rain
Hurricane Estelle (1986) – Passed south of Hawaii, produced high waves
Hurricane Daniel (2006) – Long-lived and annular hurricane whose remnants brought minor flooding to Hawaii
Tropical Storm Flossie (2013) – Tracked near the Hawaiian islands from the east, bringing stormy conditions
Hurricane Darby (2016) – Made landfall as a weaker tropical storm in the same area as Iselle, just two years later
Hurricane Olivia (2018) – Made landfall on the islands of Maui and Lanai as a tropical storm

Notes

References

External links

 The National Hurricane Center's advisory archive for Hurricane Iselle
 The National Hurricane Center's graphics archive for Iselle

2014 Pacific hurricane season
Hurricanes in Hawaii
Category 4 Pacific hurricanes
2014 in Hawaii
Iselle


title: Anamol

text:
Anamol or Anmol (, ) is a name used in Nepal, Pakistan, and India. Its meaning is "Precious".  It is a unisex name.

Film
 Anmol, a 1993 Indian film
 Anmol Ghadi, a 1946 Hindi film
 Anmol Ratan, a 1950 Bollywood drama film
 Anmol Tasveer, a 1978 Bollywood film
 Anmol, a 1973 Lollywood film

People
Notable people with Anamol as a given name are:
 Anmol Baloch, television actress and model
 Anmol K.C., nepalese actor and producer
 Anmol Malik, playback singer and songwriter in the Indian Film Industry

Nepalese masculine given names
Masculine given names
Indian given names


title: Truncated rhombicosidodecahedron

text:
In geometry, the truncated rhombicosidodecahedron is a polyhedron, constructed as a truncated rhombicosidodecahedron. It has 122 faces: 12 decagons, 30 octagons, 20 hexagons, and 60 squares.

Other names
Truncated small rhombicosidodecahedron
Beveled icosidodecahedron

Zonohedron

As a zonohedron, it can be constructed with all but 30 octagons as regular polygons. It is 2-uniform, with 2 sets of 120 vertices existing on two distances from its center.

This polyhedron represents the Minkowski sum of a truncated icosidodecahedron, and a rhombic triacontahedron.

Related polyhedra
The truncated icosidodecahedron is similar, with all regular faces, and 4.6.10 vertex figure. Also see the truncated rhombirhombicosidodecahedron.

The truncated rhombicosidodecahedron can be seen in sequence of rectification and truncation operations from the icosidodecahedron. A further alternation step leads to the snub rhombicosidodecahedron.

See also
 Expanded icosidodecahedron
 Truncated rhombicuboctahedron

References

 Coxeter Regular Polytopes, Third edition, (1973), Dover edition,  (pp. 145–154 Chapter 8: Truncation)
 John H. Conway, Heidi Burgiel, Chaim Goodman-Strauss, The Symmetries of Things 2008,

External links
 George Hart's Conway interpreter: generates polyhedra in VRML, taking Conway notation as input

Polyhedra


title: Bobby Dawson (Canadian football)

text:
Bob Dawson  (born February 18, 1966) is a former American football defensive back who played seven seasons in the Canadian Football League (CFL) with the Hamilton Tiger-Cats, Memphis Mad Dogs and Ottawa Rough Riders. He was drafted by the Pittsburgh Steelers of the National Football League (NFL) in the eleventh round of the 1988 NFL Draft. Dawson played college football at University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign. He was the Hamilton Tiger-Cats Most Outstanding Rookie in 1990.

References

External links
Just Sports Stats
Fanbase profile
CFLapedia
College stats

Living people
1966 births
Players of American football from Sacramento, California
Players of Canadian football from Sacramento, California
American football defensive backs
Canadian football defensive backs
African-American players of American football
African-American players of Canadian football
Illinois Fighting Illini football players
Hamilton Tiger-Cats players
Memphis Mad Dogs players
Ottawa Rough Riders players
Sacramento City Panthers football players
21st-century African-American people
20th-century African-American sportspeople