title: Capital D (rapper)

text:
Capital D (real name David J. Kelly), also known as Cap D, is an underground rapper and lawyer from Chicago, Illinois. He is known for his solo work, his collaboration with Tony Fields as the duo "All Natural," and for founding the label All Natural Records, on which all his music has been released.

Early life and education
Kelly grew up in a Catholic family on the South Side of Chicago, before his family moved to Flossmoor, where he attended Homewood-Flossmoor High School. He later attended Morehouse College (B.A., 1996) and the University of Illinois Law School. (J.D., 2004).

Musical career
Kelly started the label "All Natural" in 1997, on which he released his first album, Writer's Block (The Movie) with The Molemen, in 2002. He was also a member of a rap group, also called "All Natural", with Tony Fields, aka "Tony B. Nimble", which they started in 1993. This duo intended to release their first single, "50 Years", on the short-lived label Wild Pitch. After this label folded, they started the All Natural label to release "50 Years," and on which they released their debut album, No Additives, No Preservatives, in 1998. Greg Kot praised the album as one of "the year's freshest rap releases" and wrote that "Though it lacks the cinematic production of the best East Coast hip-hop, it marks the arrival of an assertive and unusually insightful new voice in Kelly." He released his second solo album, Insomnia, in 2004 on the same label, shortly after he received his law degree. Insomnia was noted for its heavily political themes, which led some critics to compare it to Noam Chomsky, and was also highlighted for addressing Kelly's newfound religion of Islam. All Natural's third album, Vintage, was released in 2005 and was also heavily influenced by Kelly's religious views.

Kelly released his third album, Return of the Renegade, as "Cap D" in 2007. He described this album as more for the sake of hip-hop and less of a bold political statement than Insomnia had been. His fourth album, Polymath, was released in 2010, also under the alias of "Cap D". Kot ranked it as the best indie Chicago album of that year.

Legal career
Kelly also formerly worked as a transactional associate at Katten Muchin Rosenman, where he frequently did work for local sports teams such as the Chicago White Sox. He currently works as Vice President and General Counsel for the Golden State Warriors.

Personal life
Kelly converted to Islam in 2000. He is married and has three children.

Discography

Solo
Writer's Block (the Movie)  (All Natural, 2002)
Insomnia (All Natural, 2004)
(as Cap D) Return of the Renegade (All Natural, 2007)
(as Cap D) Polymath (All Natural, 2010)

With All Natural
Writers' Block (All Natural single, 1997)
No Additives, No Preservatives (All Natural, 1998)
Second Nature (All Natural, 2001)
Vintage (All Natural, 2005)
Elements (Fire) (All Natural, 2008)
Dark Night (All Natural & Panik, 2020)

References

Rappers from Chicago
Living people
20th-century births
American Muslims
Morehouse College alumni
University of Illinois College of Law alumni
Underground rappers
Converts to Islam from Catholicism
Illinois lawyers
People from Flossmoor, Illinois
21st-century American rappers
Year of birth missing (living people)
Homewood-Flossmoor High School alumni


title: List of public art in Surrey

text:
This list comprises works of public art on permanent display in an outdoor public space in the county of Surrey, England. UK.  For brevity this does not include markers and milestones, parts of buildings or ornamental features to main bridges, stained glass and other artistic works attached to places of worship.  Art at Brookwood cemetery, the UK's most populous, are not listed here as its land is open to those paying their respects but private.

Indoor artworks are excluded from this list, including in the county's 11 district halls, at its University, schools and colleges, community halls and in the art museums and galleries in Surrey category.  Community project millennial tapestries and embroideries are on public display in visitor centres at Dunsfold, Holmbury St Mary and Sunbury-on-Thames.  Clock towers (including clock housings on metal posts) are excluded from the list such as in Abinger Hammer (although its colourful blacksmith sculpture striking a bell overhangs a public road), Bisley, Cobham, Epsom, and Sunbury.  Wikipedia's list of Grade I listed buildings in Surrey is a government-backed list of the top historical and architectural structures and ruins including the somewhat intact castles: Farnham, Guildford and Reigate.  Moved architecture/relics such as part of the Leptis Magna (Roman city) ruins and some fountains have been included, lacking practical purposes.

Burpham

Camberley

Chertsey

Chobham

Cranleigh

Dorking

East and West Horsley

Epsom and Ewell

Esher

Farnham

University for Creative Arts, Farnham campus

Frimley

Godalming

Guildford

University of Surrey

Haslemere

Leatherhead

Molesey

Reigate and Redhill

Runnymede

Staines-upon-Thames

Sunbury-on-Thames

Virginia Water

Weybridge

Whiteley Village

Woking

War memorials

References

Surrey
Buildings and structures in Surrey

Outdoor sculptures in England


title: The MINDS Foundation

text:
The MINDS Foundation, a nonprofit located in India, uses a grassroots approach to eliminate stigma and provide educational, medical, and moral support for patients with mental illness in rural India. (1) The organization conducts ongoing research and develops curriculum to expand education about mental health and increase the number of trained staff who can support patients with mental illness. MINDS works with a broad team of directors, advisors, field workers and assistants and receives support through a variety of foundations, grants and NGOs. Since its creation in 2010, MINDS has increased the level of education and treatment with regards to mental illness, overcoming many of the challenges of rural health work in India.

Approach
MINDS uses a three-phase approach for education, treatment and reintegration.

Phase 1 focuses on community-wide education held in each village by social workers, MINDS staff and Community Mental Health Workers. After a short 45-minute film explaining the basics of mental illness and the effectiveness of treatment, there are facilitated discussions and Q&A sessions which focus on de-stigmatization of mental illness. Research suggests that lack of health education in rural India contributes to serious misunderstandings, stigma and denial about the existence and causes of mental illness. According to current studies, psychologists believe education programs about mental illness are one of the most effective ways to reduce this stigma and encourage patients to receive the treatment they need.

Phase 2 focuses on effective, free treatment for any mentally ill person who wishes to receive help. MINDS is committed to working in relation with communities and hospitals across Gujarat and, therefore, provides free daily transport to local hospitals, free consultation with local doctors and free medication. Furthermore, to ease the treatment process, families of patients are welcome to accompany the patients to the hospitals and doctors appointments. According to the National Alliance on Mental Illness, 70-90% of all global mentally ill patients who receive treatment partially or completely recover.

Phase 3 focuses on each patient's reintegration into the local community after treatment. With the help of Community Mental Health Workers, patients receive continued medical support and education. Families of patients also benefit from support and education during this transition. The Phase 1 education and de-stigmatization pave the way for this third phase of MINDS work.

Programs and Research
In addition to the three-phase program running in villages across Gujarat, India, MINDS continually develops programs and conducts research to expand programing. Below is a summary of current, developing programing.

Community Mental Health Worker (CMHW) Training
Community Mental Health Workers (CMHWs) work as advisors and mentors in each village where MINDS programming is run. The CMHWs go through extensive training that focuses on identifying mental illness, connecting patients to hospital care, advising and educating families of mentally ill, supporting the phase 3 reintegration process and facilitating phase 1 education workshops. The training for CMHWs was developed in partnership with the Nossal Institute for Global Health, adapted from An Introduction to Mental Health: Facilitator's Manual for Training Community Health Workers in India by the Nossal Institute for Global Health & BasicNeeds

Teacher Training
Currently MINDS is developing a training program, based on the WHO advocation of Task-Shifting, which trains teachers at local schools to identify and support mentally ill youth. The program follows a four-step model focused on understanding why mental illness is a problem, identifying possible signs of mental illness in students, supporting students through active listening and de-stigmatization of classrooms and referring students to CMHWs for further consolation and screening.

Gender Workshops
Additionally, MINDS is considering how discussions and education about gender-specific concerns surrounding mental illness and well-being could further deepen the Phase 1 programming.

Published Research
Knowledge of and Attitudes Toward Clinical Depression Among Health Providers in Gujarat, India.

Perceptions of Traditional Healing for Mental Illness in Rural Gujarat.

Organization and Administration
In order to manage field work, project development and research, MINDS has a multi-level organizational system that combines full-time employees with professional volunteers and advisors around the world. The core team, associates and field team manage the non-profit, monitor the three-phase education treatment & reintegration program and organize ongoing research. The Global and Indian Board of Directors, consisting of notable professors and professionals, monitor the progress of MINDS and support the key values of the NGO. Lastly, the Advisors offer professional advice for program development and research.

In addition to the year-round team, board and advisors, MINDS runs a Leadership Development Development Program where interns from across the US partner with members of the core team to receive training and hands-on experience in marketing, publicity, research and program development. The program aims to develop future leaders in the non-profit arena.

For students and professionals looking for field experience, the MINDS Fellowship Program allows volunteers to work in Gujarat on research and programing projects.

History
The MINDS Foundation was founded as nonprofit in August 2010 and is registered in Massachusetts as an NGO; additionally it partners with an NGO of the same name located in India, and thus is run through global offices. Currently MINDS runs programs in 19 villages in Gujarat and will expand to other villages in the near future.

In India, there is no official mental health policy and resources are extremely limited, with only 0.3 psychiatrists/100,000 people and just 0.06% of the national health budget going towards mental illness education and treatment. Furthermore, rural areas in India tend to be some of the most neglected: out of 626 districts in India, only 125 have any sort of mental health program in place. Health resources in India are usually funded, provided and accessed through the private sector.

Partners and Sponsors
The MINDS Foundation partners with Mount Sinai School of Medicine for program advice and review.
MINDS also partners with Sumandeep Vidyapeeth University, located just outside Vadodara.
Starting in July 2011, MINDs began working with the Departments of Psychiatry and Community Medicine at Diharaj General Hospital, which provides treatment support and local staff.

The MINDS Foundation has campus chapters at Wesleyan University and at GlobeMed at University of Washington.

The MINDS Foundation also receives sponsorship, funding or donations from: The Mentor Network, The International Monetary Fund, Newman's Own Foundation, Gray Matters Capital, Google Grants, Hill Holiday, Korn Ferry International, Podio, The Salesforce Foundation, Fried Frank Legal Support, Proskauer Rose LLP, Thomson Reuters Foundation, Health Radio, The Next Mile Project, the Partricelli Center for Social Entrepreneurship, MC Mass Challenge, Dell Social Innovation Challenge, StartingBloc, mHealth Alliance and the Gulbenkian Mental Health Platform.

Further reading
NPR: In India, Stigma of Mental Illness Hinders Treatment

The Wall Street Journal: India's Mental Health Challenge

Halabol Voices: The MINDS Foundation: Fighting the Mental Illness

Gulbenkian Global Mental Health Platform: The MINDS Foundation

India West: Youthful Approach to Battle Mental Illness Stigmas: Raghu Kiran Appasani

References

Health care quality
Mental health organisations in India
Disability organisations based in India


title: 99th Battalion (Essex), CEF

text:
The 99th Battalion (Essex), CEF, was an infantry battalion of the Great War Canadian Expeditionary Force. The 99th Battalion was authorized on 22 December 1915 and embarked for Great Britain on 31 May 1916, where, on 6 July 1916, its personnel were absorbed by the 35th Reserve Battalion, CEF to provide reinforcements to the Canadian Corps in the field. The battalion disbanded on 1 September 1917.

The 99th Battalion recruited in the County of Essex and was mobilized at Windsor, Ontario.

The 99th Battalion was commanded by Lt.-Col. T.B. Welch from 2 June 1916 to 5 July 1916.

The 99th Battalion was awarded the battle honour THE GREAT WAR 1916.

The 99th Battalion (Essex), CEF, is perpetuated by The Essex and Kent Scottish.

References

Sources
Canadian Expeditionary Force 1914–1919 by Col. G.W.L. Nicholson, CD, Queen's Printer, Ottawa, Ontario, 1962

099
Military units and formations of Ontario
Essex Scottish Regiment
Essex and Kent Scottish


title: Terry Hayes (politician)

text:
Teresea M. "Terry" Hayes (born May 5, 1958) is an American politician from Maine who served as the Maine State Treasurer and a candidate for Governor of Maine in 2018. A political independent, Hayes represented part of Oxford County, Maine, including her residence in Buckfield, Maine, as a Democrat from 2006 to 2014. She was unable to seek re-election to the Maine House of Representatives in 2014 due to term-limits.

Following Hayes' 2010 re-election, she was named Assistant Minority Leader of the House Democrats. In November 2012, Hayes won a closely contested election by just 42 votes over her Republican opponent.

Hayes earned a B.A. in government from Bowdoin College in 1980. From 1991 to 2004, Hayes served on the MSAD 39 (Buckfield, Hartford, Sumner) School Board, including a stint as chair. She earned her MBA from Thomas College in Waterville, Maine in May 2014.

In 2014, Hayes endorsed unenrolled candidate for governor Eliot Cutler.

On December 3, 2014, Hayes was nominated by legislative Republicans to be State Treasurer of Maine, and she defeated the Democratic incumbent, Neria Douglass due to the support of Republicans and a minority of Democrats. She is the first independent to hold the office. Hayes has said one of her goals as treasurer is to create an online tool to allow the public to view and track how state bond money is spent, for greater transparency.

Hayes announced on April 14, 2017, that she has filed to run for Governor of Maine in 2018, stating she would seek to create a "collaborative" policy arena as opposed to what she sees as the current "conflict-centered" one. If elected, she would have been the first state treasurer to win the governor's office since 1889 when Edwin C. Burleigh was governor. She filed as a taxpayer-funded "Clean Elections" candidate.

Hayes finished third in the gubernatorial race, behind Democrat Janet Mills and Republican Shawn Moody. She received 37,268 votes, or 5.9%, in what was the worst showing for a major independent Maine gubernatorial candidate since John Michael's 2.1% in 2002.

After the election, the new Democratic-controlled Maine Legislature did not re-elect Hayes, instead electing Democrat Henry Beck.

References

External links
 Maine workers and employers deserve more attention published in the Bangor Daily News, November 26, 2012 by Terry Hayes and Paul Gilbert

21st-century American politicians
21st-century American women politicians
Bowdoin College alumni
Living people
Maine Democrats
Maine Independents
Members of the Maine House of Representatives
People from Buckfield, Maine
School board members in Maine
State treasurers of Maine
Women state legislators in Maine
Candidates in the 2018 United States elections
Women state constitutional officers of Maine
Thomas College alumni
1958 births


title: Lorry Driver Rajakannu

text:
Lorry Driver Rajakannu is a 1981 Indian Tamil-language film, directed by A. C. Tirulokchandar. The film stars Sivaji Ganesan and Sripriya. It is a remake of the Telugu film Driver Ramudu. The film was released on 3 July 1981.

Plot

Rajakannu is a lorry driver whose only family is his blind sister, Meena. He always stands up for what's right and goes out of his way to assist others. He helps fellow driver Ramu and earns a devoted friend. Rajakannu falls for the short-tempered food stall owner Kannamma. Meena also becomes engaged to marry inspector Shankar. In the midst of this, Rajakannu is arrested after being implicated in a smuggling ring run by Jaganath and his son Kamal. With the help of Ramu, Kanamma and his lorry cleaner Periyathambi, he attempts to clear his name and bring the true criminals to justice.

Cast

Soundtrack
Soundtrack was composed by M. S. Viswanathan.

Reception
Sindhu and Jeeva, reviewing for Kalki, criticised the film for being formulaic and lacking newness.

References

External links

1980s Tamil-language films
1981 films
Films directed by A. C. Tirulokchandar
Films scored by M. S. Viswanathan
Tamil remakes of Telugu films
Trucker films


title: City Stadium (Slutsk)

text:
City Stadium is a multi-use stadium in Slutsk, Belarus. It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home ground of FC Slutsk. The stadium holds 1,896 people.

History
The stadium was originally built in 1935. It was destroyed during World War II and rebuilt in 1948. Further renovations were performed in 2005 (wooden benches replaced by a new seated stand with a capacity of 700) and 2011–2014, when new southern stand was constructed (increasing capacity to the current number of 1,896) and new administrative building opened.

References

External links
Stadium profile at pressball.by

Football venues in Belarus
Slutsk
Buildings and structures in Minsk Region


title: Kentucky Route 913

text:
Kentucky Route 913 (KY 913) is a  state highway located in Louisville, Kentucky. The route begins at a junction with KY 155 in Jeffersontown and ends at a junction with US 60 in Middletown.

It is known as Blankenbaker Parkway for its entirety.

Route description

Blankenbaker Parkway originates at a junction with KY 155 in a residential area east of Jeffersontown. It travels northward as a divided two-lane road before becoming a four-lane divided roadway as it curves toward the northeast at a junction with KY 913 Spur. Blankenbaker Parkway then curves back toward the north and passes through an industrial area. After forming a junction with Plantside Drive, Blankenbaker Parkway becomes three lanes in both directions, passing through a commercial area with many businesses, restaurants, and hotels lining the roadway. After passing over I-64, Blankenbaker Parkway narrows to two lanes in both directions and passes by the main campus of Southeast Christian Church, one of the largest churches in the United States. It forms a concurrency with KY 1819 at the northeast corner of the church property and carries this concurrency for  to its northern terminus at US 60.

Major intersections

KY 913C

Kentucky Route 913C (KY 913C) is  long and connects KY 1819 to Blankenbaker Parkway near its southern terminus. It is known as Blankenbaker Access Drive for its entirety.

See also

Roads in Louisville, Kentucky

References

0913
0913
Transportation in Jefferson County, Kentucky
Jeffersontown, Kentucky
Middletown, Kentucky


title: Theerpu

text:
Theerpu () is a 1982 Indian Tamil-language film, directed by R. Krishnamoorthy. The film stars Jaishankar, Sujatha, K. Balaji and Sivaji Ganesan. It is a remake of the Malayalam film Ithihasam. The film was released on 21 April 1982, and ran for over 100 days in theatres.

Plot

Rajasekar, Superintendent of Police, lives happily with his wife, two sons (a lawyer and an inspector) and a daughter. Things get worse when his daughter gets raped by a smuggler owing to a revenge. He immediately kills him after seeing his daughter in such a state. He gets arrested by his own son for committing murder. His other son, the lawyer, tries to prove him innocent. During investigations, he does not reveal the real cause fearing his daughter's reputation. What happens next is the rest of the film.

Cast
Sivaji Ganesan as Rajasekar, Superintendent of Police
Sujatha
Jaishankar
K. Balaji
Sarath Babu
Vijayakumar
Manorama
R. N. Sudarshan
Silk Smitha

Soundtrack
Soundtrack was composed by M. S. Viswanathan and lyrics were by Vaali.

Reception
Thiraignani of Kalki praised the performances of the star cast.

References

External links

1980s Tamil-language films
1982 films
Films directed by R. Krishnamoorthy
Films scored by M. S. Viswanathan
Tamil remakes of Malayalam films


title: Crossing Bridges (film)

text:
Crossing Bridges is a 2013 Indian film directed by Sange Dorjee Thongdok. It is the first feature film ever to be made in the language of Shertukpen, which is an indigenous dialect native to the state Arunachal Pradesh in India. The film premiered on 27 September at the Mumbai International Film Festival in 2013. It received the National Film Award for Best Film in Shertukpen in 2013.

Synopsis
A middle-aged man named Tashi returns to his native village in Arunachal Pradesh after losing his job. As he waits for word of any new openings in the city, the culture and history of his people begins to have a profound effect on him and force him to reconsider his life and career choices.

Production
Director Sange Dorjee's idea for the film started when he was considering the social and economic displacement of tribal peoples of India. He mentioned that "My generation has had to leave home to get better higher-education and employment outside as the north eastern region doesn’t have the required infrastructure. The huge cultural difference we faced outside was always a shock to many.  Coming back home has always been a difficult proposition, as after years of adjusting to the life outside we suddenly feel like an outsider in our own culture."

Due to the film's microbudget, which was wholly funded by the director's father who "believed it was important for the community of Arunachal Pradesh", Dorjee decided to shoot the movie completely with a Canon 5D camera. He was surprised by the quality of such a standard personal use camera that he and cinematographer Pooja Gupte went ahead with it.

Critical reception

Crossing Bridges opened to positive acclaim amongst critics. Pooja Gupte's cinematography and the theme of 're-discovering home' were particularly praised, while the films limited appeal to mass audiences but large appeal to film enthusiasts and cinephiles were noted.

Suprateek Chatterjee of FirstPost praised the film's simplicity in its production and compared the film to Swades stating, "At a time when movies are pulling every trick in the book in an attempt to lure in audiences, Crossing Bridges relies on getting the basics right and transporting its audience to another world"

Subhash K. Jha of Odisha Sun Times gave the film a 3/5 saying, "It’s that supreme serenity, the splendid synthesis of ambiance and mood that qualifies and eventually absorbs our interest. These dull lives are unique in their absolute lack of affectations."

Johnson Thomas of The Free Press Journal gave a positive review and praised the cinematography stating "The cinematography by Pooja Gupte, who shot the film in Cannon 5D is simply breathtaking, allowing for a gradual cultural immurement in the land and its spiritual enchantment. The narrative is kept spare and economical by editor Sanglap Bhowmick , while the story-telling limits itself to being drawn on realism rather than melodrama. Needless to say, this film is a completely enveloping experience."

Pronoti Datta of Mumbai Boss e-magazine gave the film 3/5 and stated, "The state is shown in all its picturesque glory: rolling green valleys, Buddhist monasteries, tribal dancers, phlegmatic villagers with faces weathered by the elements, fast-flowing brooks, snow-dusted trees and so on. But it’s not just pretty images. Thongdok’s quiet film in Shertukpen, a dialect spoken in the western part of Arunachal Pradesh, is about a man seduced by his own homeland, which circumstances compel him to revisit."

E-magazine India News Hub summarized the film as "an honest, return-to-roots story set against a captivating backdrop." in a positive review.

BollywoodTrade an online trade magazine was much more critical of the film, giving it a 1.5/5 mentioning how the film has a very little appeal to India's mass audience saying, "many of the short, interesting, dramatic, and visually appealing occasional glimpses are not well integrated into the main narrative. That’s why the film looks disjointed and incoherent."

Anup Pandey of e-magazine W14 gave the film 3.5/5 saying, "For many such metaphors that the film is built on, Crossing Bridges is quite a revealing journey of a search for identity and to find answers to where does one actually belong."

Siraj Syed of FilmFestival.com gave the film a 3/5 saying, "If you are likely to be moved to deep emotions and tears by the idea of a Mumbai-based IT professional rediscovering his remote countryside roots in North-East India, and making the life-defining move of permanent homecoming, you will most likely feel you have a seen a minor classic."

References

External links

2013 films
Northeast Indian films


The 100th Battalion (Winnipeg Grenadiers), CEF, was an infantry battalion of the Great War Canadian Expeditionary Force.

History
The 100th Battalion was authorized on 22 December 1915 and embarked for Great Britain on 18 September 1916, where it provided reinforcements to the Canadian Corps in the field until 20 January 1917, when its personnel were absorbed by the 11th Reserve Battalion (Manitoba), CEF. The battalion disbanded on 1 September 1917.

The 100th Battalion recruited in, and was mobilized at, Winnipeg, Manitoba.

The 100th Battalion was commanded by Lt.-Col. J.B. Mitchell from 18 September 1916 to 4 January 1917.

Battle Honours
The 100th Battalion was awarded the battle honour THE GREAT WAR 1916-17.

Perpetuation
The 100th Battalion, CEF is perpetuated by The Winnipeg Grenadiers.

See also

 List of infantry battalions in the Canadian Expeditionary Force

References

Sources
 Canadian Expeditionary Force 1914–1919 by Col. G.W.L. Nicholson, CD, Queen's Printer, Ottawa, Ontario, 1962

100
Military units and formations of Manitoba
Winnipeg Grenadiers


title: David Mark (journalist)

text:
David Mark (born March 18, 1973) is an American journalist, author and political analyst. He is editor-in-chief of Palo Alto, California-based Politix, which is published by Topix, and a former editor at Politico. Mark has also published two books on American political campaigns and government, "Going Dirty: The Art of Negative Campaigning" (2006) and "Dog Whistles, Walk-Backs and Washington Handshakes: Decoding the Jargon Slang and Bluster of American Political Speech" (2014).

Career

Mark earned his B.A from Brandeis University in 1995, majoring in politics, and his M.S. from the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism, in 1997. Early in his career, Mark was a local reporter, and then worked briefly for the Associated Press. He moved to Washington, D.C., in 2000, to become a House floor/leadership reporter for Congressional Quarterly's daily publication. He then served as editor-in-chief of Campaigns & Elections magazine, which covers the business and trends of politics.

Today, Mark is editor-in-chief of the Politix website. Mark is also a frequent analyst in the media on political and current affairs topics. He often speaks to academic, business, educational and international groups, spanning the globe from Australia, Austria, Belgium, Fiji, Finland, France, Israel, Lithuania, The Netherlands, to New Zealand.

Work

Mark's first book, Going Dirty: The Art of Negative Campaigning, was published in March 2006, with two subsequent updated editions. Going Dirty is a history of negative campaigning in American politics and an examination of how candidates and political consultants have employed this often-controversial technique. Going Dirty has gone on to be utilized by numerous college courses and news sources.

Mark's latest book is entitled Dog Whistles, Walk-Backs and Washington Handshakes: Decoding the Jargon Slang and Bluster of American Political Speech. Written with Chuck McCutcheon, co-author of the 2012 edition of the Almanac of American Politics, Dog Whistles decodes what politicians really mean when they use the "insider" political jargon that is often inaccessible to the public. Emmy Award-winning television political analyst Jeff Greenfield also wrote the foreword to the book. As Ron Fournier, national political columnist for the National Journal, reviewed, Dog Whistles is "an extraordinarily accessible and informative book that belongs on the desk of any politically-minded reader. It's my BS translator." The book was also reviewed by The Wall Street Journal book reviewer, Henry Allen. According to his review, "'Dog-whistles, Walkbacks and Washington Handshakes' will not be the last book written on political language, because political language will remain as irritating, fascinating, obfuscatory and dishonest as ever. But until the next book comes along, this one will reassure the cynics, anger the idealists, encourage a healthy skepticism and amuse those readers comfortable with the knowledge that nothing has changed and nothing will change."

Bibliography

References

External links

American male writers
1973 births
Living people


title: 2014 interim constitution of Thailand

text:
The Constitution of the Kingdom of Thailand (Interim) 2014 () was a constitution of Thailand in force between 2014 and 2017.

Drafted by law lecturers from Chulalongkorn University (CU), the constitution was enacted by the National Council for Peace and Order (NCPO), a military junta led by General Prayut Chan-o-cha which staged a coup d'état against the caretaker government on 22 May 2014. Without public consultation, King Bhumibol Adulyadej assented to and signed the constitution on 22 July 2014. The constitution came into force on that day and replaced the 2007 constitution.

The interim constitution paves the way for the establishment of a national legislature to exercise the legislative power, a provisional cabinet to take charge of public administration, a reform council to execute extensive national reforms and approve a draft new constitution, and a constituent committee to draft the new constitution. The constitution does specify fixed dates for the completion of these works.

Although the constitution recognises Thailand as a democratic state and the Thai people as sovereign, the constitution grants amnesty to those involved for all past and future military actions concerning the coup and invests the NCPO with vast powers, including the power by which the NCPO leader can issue any order at will for the sake of the reforms or security. All orders so issued are considered lawful and final.

Public discussions about the interim constitution are prohibited by the NCPO.

History

After months of political crisis in which former Democrat Party secretary general Suthep Thaugsuban led a street protest against the government of Prime Minister Yingluck Shinawatra, the Royal Thai Armed Forces staged a coup d'état unseating the government on 22 May 2014. On that day, the military formed the NCPO to rule the nation and partially repealed the 2007 constitution, keeping intact chapter 2 (concerning the monarchical institution).

General Prayut said that he would run the country until the situation requires an interim government, without promises of a quick return to civilian rule. But after international pressures, he announced that there would be an interim constitution and a provisional government by September 2014.

On 23 June 2014, it was announced that Chulalongkorn University law lecturer Wissanu Krea-ngam was drafting an interim constitution for General Prayut. Wissanu was assisted by Pornpet Wichitchonlachai, a fellow law lecturer at Chulalongkorn University. Pornpet is known for his unsuccessful proposal to extend the lèse majesté law to all members of the royal household and the privy council.

On 22 July 2014, the two-month anniversary of the coup, General Prayut had an audience with King Bhumibol Adulyadej at his seaside Klai Kangwon Palace to present the draft interim constitution to the King for his signature. After being signed by the King on that day, it went into effect forthwith and was published in the Royal Gazette.

Contents
The constitution consists of 48 sections.

General provisions
Sections 1 and 2 prescribe that Thailand is a unitary and democratic monarchy. Section 3 provides that    "sovereign power belongs to all Thais". Section 4 recognises human dignity, rights, liberties, and equality of all Thais.

Section 5 says that all matters failing to be mentioned in the constitution will be dealt with pursuant to the customary practices of democratic government of monarchical Thailand, insofar as those practices are not contrary to the constitution.

Legislative branch
Sections 6–18 concern the legislative branch. These sections establish a unicameral legislature called the National Legislative Assembly (สภานิติบัญญัติแห่งชาติ) or NLA. The NLA consists of no more than 220 members, all handpicked by the NCPO and appointed by the king.

Section 15 grants the king the power to veto bills.

Executive branch
Sections 19–20 establish a cabinet consisting of one prime minister and no more than 35 other ministers, all appointed by the king after the prime minister is selected by the NLA and the other ministers are selected by the prime minister. Section 19 allows the prime minister to be removed by the king upon advice of the NLA president. This advice can only be made upon a proposal by the NCPO. The section also allows for a minister to be removed by the king upon the advice of the prime minister.

Sections 21–25 contain certain prerogatives of the king, such as the issuance of decrees, the conclusion of treaties, and the ceremonial appointment and removal of governmental officers.

Section 42 keeps the NCPO in existence and authorises it to control the cabinet.

Section 44
Section 44 empowers the NCPO leader to issue any order "for the sake of the reforms in any field, the promotion of love and harmony amongst the people in the nation, or the prevention, abatement or suppression of any act detrimental to national order or security, royal throne, national economy or public administration, whether the act occurs inside or outside the kingdom". The orders so issued are all deemed "lawful, constitutional and final". Following the 2019 Thai general election, a new cabinet was sworn in on 16 July 2019. This dissolved the NCPO and rendered Section 44 void.

National Reform Council
Sections 27–31 provide for extensive national reforms in 11 governmental functions: politics, public administration, law and justice, local administration, education, economy, energy, public health and environment, media, society, and others.

Section 28 establishes a body called National Reform Council (สภาปฏิรูปแห่งชาติ) or NRC to implement the reforms. The NRC has no more than 250 members: 76 members represent the 76 provinces (one from each province), one member represents Bangkok, and the others represent the 11 functions of government. All of them are handpicked by the NCPO and appointed by the king.

The methods for selection of NRC members are outlined in section 30 of the constitution and in a royal decree issued on 31 July 2014:

 There are 11 panels recruiting candidates from the 11 functions (one panel for each function), 76 panels recruiting candidates from the 76 provinces (one panel for each province), and one panel recruiting candidates from Bangkok. The composition of each panel is as follows:
 Each of the 11 panels consists of seven members appointed by the NCPO from among the persons considered by the NCPO to be experts in the function concerned.
 Each of the 76 panels consists of four members: the governor of that province, one of the chief judges of the provincial courts in that province who takes precedence over the others, one of the chiefs of the provincial administrative organisations in that province who represents the sub-district community councils in the province, and the president of the provincial election commission.
 The Bangkok panel consists of four members: the President of the Council of University Presidents of Thailand, the President of the Civil Court, one of the Clerks of Bangkok who represents the provincial community councils in Bangkok, and the President of the Bangkok Election Commission.
 There is no time limit for each panel to complete the recruitment.
 After the 11 panels complete the recruitment, they forward the candidate lists to the Election Commission secretary general who then reviews the background of each candidate. The review needs to be finished within 10 days after the entities in each field recommend appropriate persons to the concerned panel to be selected as candidates. The recommendation is required to be made within 20 days after that panel is appointed. After the review is finished, each panel nominates no more than 50 candidates to the NCPO.
 After the 76 panels and the Bangkok panel complete the recruitment, each of them nominates five candidates to the NCPO.
 The NCPO selects one of the five candidates nominated by each of the 76 panels, selects one of the five candidates nominated by the Bangkok panel, and selects any number out of the candidates nominated by the 11 panels. The total number of those selected cannot be more than 250.
 The NCPO then advises the king to formally appoint those selected as NCR members.
 Doubts and questions about the selection are to be decided by the NCPO leader. His decisions are all deemed lawful.

New constitution
Section 32–39 detail the preparation of a new constitution. Section 32 establishes a body called Constituent Committee (คณะกรรมาธิการยกร่างรัฐธรรมนูญ) or CC. The CC consists of 36 members appointed by the NRC president:
 One president nominated by the NCPO
 Twenty members nominated by the NRC
 Five members nominated by the NLA
 Five members nominated by the cabinet
 Five members nominated by the NCPO

CC members are required to be appointed within 15 days after the NRC is convoked for the first time.

The preparation of a new constitution is started when the NRC makes recommendations about the new constitution to the CC. The recommendations are required to be made within 60 days after the first meeting of the NRC. The CC is required to complete drafting the new constitution within 120 days after receiving those recommendations. If it fails to observe the time limit, it comes to an end and a new CC is then appointed within 15 days to draw up a new draft. The new CC may not include any member of the defunct CC.

The finished draft is to be forwarded to the NRC for initial consideration which needs to be completed within 10 days after the NRC receives the draft. Within 30 days of the initial consideration, any member of the NRC, NCPO, or cabinet may make proposals for editing the draft to the CC. The proposals are then considered by the CC during a period of 60 days following the said 30 days.

The edited draft is to be forwarded to the NRC to further be approved or disapproved in whole. The approval or disapproval must be adopted within 15 days after the NRC receives the draft and the draft cannot be edited again. If the draft is approved, the NRC president presents it to the king for the royal signature and the NRC president also countersigns the draft. Section 37 permits the king to veto the draft constitution.

If the NRC fails to adopt the approval or disapproval within the time limit, or if the draft is disapproved by the NRC or is vetoed by the king, both the NRC and the CC will come to an end. A new NRC and CC will then be appointed to redo the process. The new NRC and CC may not include any member of the defunct NRC or CC.

Section 35 sets out 10 requirements which must be in the new constitution, such as provisions declaring Thailand a monarchy, the establishment of a democratic government which is "appropriate for Thai society", and the prohibition of change of some principles to be contained in the new constitution.

Miscellaneous provisions
Section 26 recognises judicial independence. Section 45 allows the Constitutional Court to remain functional, but subject to the special power of the NCPO leader.

Section 40 requires the issuance of a royal decree to determine monetary benefits for the members of the NLA, NRC, NCPO, and CC.

Section 46 permits an amendment to the interim constitution. It prescribes that "if necessary and appropriate," the NCPO and the cabinet may jointly propose an amendment to the NLA and the NLA needs to approve or disapprove the proposal within 15 days of receiving the proposal. The section again authorises the king to veto the approved proposal.

Sections 47–48 legitimise all coup-related actions by the NCPO, by its subordinates, or by the subordinates of its subordinates, as well as all orders and announcements issued by them.

Criticism

The national reforms dictated by the constitution reflect the demands of the anti-government protesters who wanted an unelected reform council to carry out national reforms with a view to eradicating the influence of Yingluck and Thaksin in Thai politics.

The constitution has been heavily criticised for being undemocratic and further strengthening the military's powers, especially section 44 which gives the NCPO sweeping powers and sections 47 and 48 which enshrine amnesty for all past and future military actions.

Provisions similar to section 44 had been contained in some of the previous interim supreme laws of Thailand and had been invoked by Thai military dictators to order extrajudicial killings. One of the notable cases was section 17 of the 1959 charter which had been invoked by Field Marshal Sarit Thanarat to order a large number of people accused of crimes to be executed without proper trials in court. Those alleged crimes ranged from committing arson, being communists, to proclaiming oneself a saint which was considered by Field Marshal Sarit to be a threat to the throne.

Human Rights Watch's Asian division director Brad Adams said although section 4 of the constitution recognises human rights and liberties arising from democratic traditions and international obligations of Thailand, the NCPO has broad authority under section 44 to limit, suspend or suppress fundamental human rights protections. In a statement he said, "The NCPO's claims that the interim constitution is essential for restoring electoral democracy and civilian rule in Thailand are a façade for continuing control by the junta....By tightening their control, the generals are backtracking on their repeated promises to restore democracy in Thailand. This is a charter for dictatorship."

Regarding the amnesty under sections 47 and 48, Paul Chambers, director of research at the Institute of Southeast Asian Affairs, said, "The point of the constitution is to add palace legitimacy to the coup through the king-endorsed enshrinement of new laws." He added that "Almost every Thai constitution has included an amnesty for the military. In fact, amnesty for military has been a major rationale for most Thai constitutions. This allows and encourages coup after coup after coup."

In addition, the constitution has been criticised for failing to precisely specify when the reforms and the preparation of a new constitution would be finished. Retired Thammasat University (TU) dean of law Panas Tassaneyanond said, "The only thing democracy lovers could hold on to was the NCPO leader's pledge to return power to the people." A group of Thai citizens issued a statement condemning the constitution for not representing the will of the Thais as a whole, describing it as "Thailand's most anti-democratic constitution in half a century".

On 23 July 2014, the NCPO made a televised appearance to give an explanation about the constitution. During the appearance, CU law lecturer Wissanu Krea-ngam, who drafted the interim constitution, said the power under section 44 is intended for dealing with any counter-coup. He said "I don't care if anybody says it's a retrograde step. But without that section, we would lack any power to handle some serious problems like counter coups which had happened in the history." He also said that the amnesty under sections 47 and 48 were needed to prevent "endless vengeance" and such amnesty has been a tradition since the 1932 revolution. Pornpet Wichitchonlachai, another CU law lecturer who assisted Wissanu in drafting the interim constitution, said he personally believed that General Prayut, in exercising the power under section 44, would not go as far as Field Marshal Sarit did. However, the televising was immediately stopped when Pravit Rojanaphruk, a senior journalist from The Nation, asked the NCPO to more clearly explain sections 44 and 48.

The draft interim constitution originally required that a draft new constitution be approved by the citizens in a nationwide referendum before it is forwarded to the king for his signature. The requirement was disapproved by the NCPO and was deleted. Wisanu explained that the requirement was deleted to avoid "lengthy process".

Following heavy criticism, the military ordered prohibition of public discussions on the interim constitution, saying that "love and harmony of the people in the nation" would be affected.

Subsequent events
On 31 July 2014, 200 NLA members were appointed, of whom 105 were military officers, 10 were police officers, and the others academics, politicians, and businesspersons who opposed the ousted government. Pornpet and a younger brother of General Prayut are also on the list of appointees. On 7 August 2014, the state opening of the NLA was held. The following day, Pornpet was selected as the NLA president.

On 2 August 2014, the royal decree under section 40 of the constitution was issued to determine monetary benefits for the NCPO members. General Prayut was granted a total of 125,590 baht per month. Each of the other NCPO members was given 119,920 baht per month. These salaries are paid in addition to the benefits they are already entitled to by virtue of their posts in the armed forces.

On 21 August 2014, the NLA unanimously voted General Prayut the new prime minister of the country. The formal appointment was made on 24 August 2014.

In October 2014, the United Nations issued a short report citing several criticisms and notes of concern over the 2014 interim constitution.

On 29 August 2015, the CC completed drafting a new constitution and forwarded it to the NRC for approval. On 6 September 2015, the NRC voted 135:105 to disapprove the draft. According to the interim constitution, the draft being rejected resulted in the coming to an end of both the NRC and the CC. A new CC was appointed and given 180 days to draw up a new constitution. The process of writing a new constitution must now start from scratch and the earliest an election could be held would be April 2017, delaying a return to the junta's long promised "true democracy".

See also
 Constitution of Thailand
 2013–14 Thai political crisis
 2014 Thai coup d'état

References

Further reading
 interim constitution

 new constitution

External links
 Materiel on Wikisource

 Other websites
 A collection of English news about the interim constitution - Prachatai
 A collection of English news about the coup - Prachatai

Constitution of Thailand
interim constitution
interim constitution
2014 Thai coup d'état


title: Bagpipe theorem

text:
In mathematics, the bagpipe theorem of  describes the structure of the connected (but possibly non-paracompact) ω-bounded surfaces by showing that they are "bagpipes": the connected sum of a compact "bag" with several "long pipes".

Statement
A space is called ω-bounded if the closure of every countable set is compact. For example, the long line and the closed long ray are ω-bounded but not compact. When restricted to a metric space ω-boundedness is equivalent to compactness.

The bagpipe theorem states that every ω-bounded connected surface is the connected sum of a compact connected surface and a finite number of long pipes.

A space P is called a long pipe if there exist subspaces  each of which is homeomorphic to  such that for  we have  and the boundary of  in  is homeomorphic to . The simplest example of a pipe is the product  of the circle  and the long closed ray , which is an increasing union of  copies of the half-open interval , pasted together with the lexicographic ordering. Here,  denotes the first uncountable ordinal number, which is the set of all countable ordinals. Another (non-isomorphic) example is given by removing a single point from the "long plane"  where  is the long line, formed by gluing together two copies of  at their endpoints to get a space which is "long at both ends". There are in fact  different isomorphism classes of long pipes.

The bagpipe theorem does not describe all surfaces since there are many examples of surfaces that are not ω-bounded, such as the Prüfer manifold.

References

Surfaces
Theorems in topology


title: Late Night Tales: Franz Ferdinand

text:
Late Night Tales: Franz Ferdinand is a compilation album compiled by Scottish band Franz Ferdinand, released on 15 September 2014 as part of the Late Night Tales series. The mix includes tracks from artists such as R. Stevie Moore, Lee "Scratch" Perry, James Brown, Paul McCartney & Wings and Boards of Canada. It also features an exclusive Franz Ferdinand cover version of Jonathan Halper’s "Leaving My Old Life Behind".

Track listing

References

External links
 Official Franz Ferdinand website
 Official Late Night Tales: Franz Ferdinand page

2014 compilation albums
Franz Ferdinand


title: The Enemy Stars

text:
The Enemy Stars, is a science fiction novel by American writer Poul Anderson, published in 1959 by J.B Lippincott in the US and by Longmans in Canada. Originally published in Astounding Science Fiction under the title We Have Fed Our Sea__, it was a nominee for the 1959 Hugo Award for Best Novel. The original title refers to a line in a poem by Rudyard Kipling.

Premise
In the scientific speculation that underlies the story, humanity has reached out to the stars in ships that move at half the speed of light. At that speed the ships will take years, decades, even centuries to reach their destinations. And yet the ships' crews serve month-long tours of duty, teleporting to and from their bases on Earth and other worlds instantaneously through what Anderson calls a mattercaster. At the end of Chapter 5 Anderson provides a description of how a mattercaster works.

In 1967, Gerald Feinberg hypothesized the existence of tachyons as particles represented by the imaginary solutions of relativistic quantum wave equations, such as the Klein–Gordon equation. To accommodate that new hypothesis Anderson rewrote his description.

Plot summary
The first ship that Humanity sent into interstellar space was the Southern Cross, sent on a four-and-a-half century voyage to Alpha Crucis. On autopilot she accelerated at over one hundred gees until she was flying away from Sol at half the speed of light. Then the autopilot shut down the ion drive, the ship went into free fall, and the first crew went into the mattercaster on Earth's moon to be teleported aboard the ship for their month-long tour of duty. Ten generations later, when she is one hundred light years from Sol, Southern Cross receives her last crew, though the four men who come through the mattercaster do not know that they are the last crew.

Terangi Maclaren, an astrophysicist of Polynesian ancestry, has convinced officials of the Protectorate, the dictatorship under which he lives, to take a great risk. Previous crews have made observations indicating that Southern Cross will pass close enough to a burnt-out star that she could be diverted, decelerate, and go into orbit around it in order that the crew can make further studies. The risk comes from the fact that if the crew cannot find a roughly asteroid-sized body to provide feedstock for the mattercaster, the Exploration Authority will not be able to teleport enough mercury to the ship to provide enough propellant for Southern Cross to resume her journey to Alpha Crucis. More playboy than scientist, Maclaren is assigned to the mission he had promoted.

David Ryerson is a graviticist/tachyonicist born and raised in Scotland's Outer Hebrides. He has just married an Indonesian woman, Tamara Suwito, and has brought her home to meet his father, Captain Magnus Ryerson. The couple are preparing to emigrate to a planet just opened for colonization, but Magnus demands that David first serve a tour on the Southern Cross. Reluctantly David agrees, if only for the extra pay.

Seiichi Nakamura lives on Sarai, an Earth-like moon of a gas-giant planet in the 40 Eridani system. He has been selected to serve as Southern Cross's pilot and captain on this particular tour. Old traumas haunt him and his Zen discipline cannot relieve him of his fear of the dark star.

Chang Sverdlov, on Krasna, one of the planets of Tau Ceti, has been assigned to be Southern Cross's engineer. Member of a nascent revolutionary movement, he is told to observe anything about the dead star that may be of military value. He is also being sent "out of town" to allay suspicions that are beginning to arise regarding his loyalty to the Protectorate.

Maclaren and Ryerson travel from Earth to the moon together and from the moon teleport onto the Southern Cross. On the ship they find Nakamura and Sverdlov waiting for them and the four men immediately set to the tasks necessary to bring Southern Cross as close as possible to the dead star. As Nakamura backs the ship down, to put its trajectory into a close orbit around the star, the ion drive suddenly begins to vaporize itself and the mattercaster web: they have encountered interference from the star's magnetic field, which is far stiffer than anyone thought possible. In order to avoid crashing into the star Nakamura must fire the drive enough to put the ship into a stable orbit, doing so at the expense of further damage to the drive's ion accelerators and to the mattercaster web.

After making the necessary inspections Sverdlov states that the drive can be repaired well enough that the ship can maneuver around the dead star as they need and Ryerson states that he can repair the mattercaster web only to a certain point. To make a full repair of the mattercaster, so that the men can go home, Ryerson needs four kilograms of pure germanium in order to build the large and complex transistors that the web needs. Sverdlov and Ryerson go outside to repair the drive and while Nakamura is testing the drive under Sverdlov's directions, Sverdlov slips and falls, breaches his spacesuit, and dies.

Some months later the men find a planet, a ball of nickel-iron alloy a little smaller than Earth. From this planet's material they will extract the germanium that Ryerson needs. But first they must land Southern Cross on the planet and the ship was not meant to land on a planet. Using material scavenged from the ship's landers and other non-essential items, the three men build a tripod to protect the ion drive and the mattercaster web. Nakamura backs the ship down onto the planet, but one leg of the tripod buckles. Acting intuitively, Nakamura turns the ship to protect the mattercaster, but in so doing he puts the control turret he occupies directly under one thousand tonnes of crash-landing spaceship.

For weeks Maclaren cuts pieces out of the planet's metal surface and Ryerson extracts the little germanium they contain. Even on short rations they are running out of food. They get the germanium they need, Ryerson makes his transistors and finishes repairing the web, and then the two men begin the task of using their uncalibrated mattercaster to find a resonance that will take them to another ship or base, whence they can be rescued.

One day, as they are on the verge of starving to death, they find a resonance. In desperation Ryerson teleports himself to the receiver, leaving the more cautious Maclaren behind. Some time later Maclaren decides to follow Ryerson, but before he can do so Ryerson returns... draped across the arms of an alien wearing a spacesuit full of chlorine.

Some months later, still recovering his health from his ordeal, Maclaren goes to Sumatra to meet Ryerson's widow and give her his few small personal possessions. He tells her that the alien had examined his cobbled-together mattercaster, had located and marked resonances that led to his people's ships or bases, and then teleported back to his own ship. It had taken another week for Maclaren to find the resonance that took him to a human base, whence he was rescued.

Taking Tamara with him, Maclaren flies his aircar to the Outer Hebrides. She points out the house where Magnus Ryerson waits for them. Maclaren has come to tell Magnus about his son and to answer the old man's questions. Tamara's outburst, crying out the uselessness of going to the stars, touches Maclaren's own doubts. But Magnus simply says, "For that is our doom and our pride," quoting from Rudyard Kipling's poem "The Song of the Dead". Magnus goes on to read from that poem the stanza that begins, "We have fed our sea for a thousand years...."

Maclaren understands then and asks Magnus for his blessing.

Sequel – "The Ways of Love"
First published in Destinies, Vol 1, No 2 (Jan 1979), this novelette was first incorporated into The Enemy Stars in the 1987 Baen Books edition. The story is told in the first person, narrated by Voah, the alien who had brought David Ryerson's body back to the Southern Cross.

Native to Arvel, a planet with a chlorine-rich atmosphere, Voah-and-Rero, husband and wife, had been serving a tour of duty on the starship Fleetwing, also headed toward Alpha Crucis, when David Ryerson teleported into their receiver and died. Voah describes how he-and-Rero made the decision that he would take Ryerson's body back to Southern Cross and how he had helped Maclaren by finding and marking the resonances that led to Arvelan mattercasters.

Now, ten years later, he-and-Rero have come to Earth to participate in the tenth anniversary celebration of that first contact. In the midst of the celebration the Arvelans are taken secretly to Taiwan to meet with Terangi and Tamara Maclaren. The secret trip has been arranged by Vincent Indigo, their guide and general factotum while they are on Earth. Voah-and-Rero hope that in the time they spend with the Maclarens they will gain new insights into the nature of humans as they differ from Arvelans.

During the visit Indigo and three henchgoons invade the Maclaren house and kidnap the Arvelans. When it becomes clear that the kidnappers intend to kill one of them, Voah-and-Rero attack them, killing two of the terrorists and, with the help of Terangi, disabling the other two. Under interrogation Indigo admits that the kidnapping was carried out at the behest of the dictator to convince the Arvelans to withdraw from contact with humans. Voah then decides that he will recommend to his people that they negotiate a treaty that will lead to humans and Arvelans using each other's mattercaster networks.

Explanation of the novel's title
The Enemy Stars was originally published in Astounding Science Fiction under the title We Have Fed Our Sea__. That title refers to the first stanza of the second part of Rudyard Kipling's poem "The Song of the Dead", which Anderson quoted at the end of his story. The poem refers to the British sailors who have died at sea in their efforts to give England mastery of Earth's oceans, and Anderson discerned an analogous sacrifice that will be made by Terrans in their efforts to reach the stars.

Awards and nominations
The book was nominated for the Hugo award in 1959 under its original title, We Have Fed Our Sea__.

References

Sources
Barron, Neil (2004). Anatomy of Wonder: A Critical Guide to Science Fiction, 5th Edition. Westport, CT: Libraries Unlimited. Pp. 95–96. .
Tuck, Donald H. (1974). The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction and Fantasy. Chicago: Advent. pg. 9. .

External links
Go to the LitMir – Electronic Library (Russian) to read the novel We Have Fed Our Sea online in English.

Go to the Poetry Lovers’ Page to read Kipling's "The Song of the Dead" online.

Go to Online Literature to read Kipling's poem "The Song of the Dead" online.

Go to Mainly Norfolk to read Kipling's "The Song of the Dead" online.

1959 American novels
American science fiction novels
1959 science fiction novels
Space exploration novels
Novels by Poul Anderson


title: CJVN-FM

text:
CJVN-FM is a low-powered French-language radio station, which broadcasts a Christian radio format on the frequency of 92.7 MHz (FM) in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. The station is owned by Fiston Kalambay on behalf of a not for-profit corporation to be incorporated, and received approval from the CRTC on July 22, 2014. The station is licensed to broadcast with an effective radiated power of 50 watts (non-directional antenna with an effective height of antenna above average terrain of 41 metres). The signal began testing on April 17, 2015.

References

External links
fmradiovienouvelle.com - Radio Vie Nouvelle – La radio chrétienne francophone

JVN
JVN
JVN


title: List of accidents on British Rail

text:
This is a list of rail accidents and incidents that involved British Railways, known from 1968 as British Rail, occurring in the period 1948–94. It does not cover accidents involving Northern Ireland Railways, or heritage railways.

1948
On 17 April 1948, a postal train was in a rear-end collision with a passenger train at , Cheshire due to a signalman's error. In the first major accident of the newly formed British Railways, 24 people died.
On 17 May 1948, a freight train ran away and was in collision with an empty stock train at Battyeford, West Riding of Yorkshire.

On 17 July 1948, a passenger train was derailed at New Southgate, London due to a combination of defective track and excessive speed. One person died.
On 16 October 1948, former Mayor of Peterborough Arthur Holditch Mellows died when his car was struck by a train at Conington level crossing.
On 18 November 1948, an electric multiple unit departed from  station, London against signals. It subsequently collided with another electric multiple unit at Woolwich Arsenal station. Two people died.

1949
On 19 February 1949, a parcels train became divided at New Southgate. The rear portion ran back, obstructing the main line, from which the train had just been crossed onto the slow line. Due to a signalman's error, an express passenger train ran into the vans and was derailed.
On 23 June 1949, a carriage of an express passenger train caught fire. The train was brought to a stand near Penmanshiel Tunnel, Berwickshire. Seven people were injured, but there were no fatalities.
On 14 November 1949, a rake of carriages were left foul of an adjacent line at Bournemouth Central station, Hampshire. A locomotive struck them and was derailed. One person was injured.

1950
On 7 March 1950, An ex-LNER Thompson Class B1 was hauling an express passenger train at night near Witham Junction, when it collided with the rear of a mineral train in fog. The passenger fireman and goods guard died.
On 5 June 1950, An express passenger train was derailed at Tollerton, Nottinghamshire due to heat buckled track.
On 8 June 1950, a carriage of an express passenger train caught fire. The train was brought to a stand at Beattock, Dumfriesshire. Five people died and one was injured.
On 27 August 1950, an express passenger train, the Irish Mail, was in a rear-end collision with a light engine at , Denbighshire due to a signalman's error. One person died. Prompt action by the fireman of the light engine prevented a freight train from running into the wreckage.
On 23 October 1950, a passenger train was derailed at Drumburgh, Cumberland due to defective track. Two people died and three were injured.

1951
On 14 July 1951, two carriages of an express passenger train caught fire. The train was brought to a stand at , Huntingdonshire. 22 people were injured, but there were no fatalities.
On 5 August 1951, an electric multiple unit overran signals and was in a rear-end collision with another at , West Sussex. Nine people died and 47 were seriously injured.
 On 9 August 1951, an express passenger train was derailed at , Yorkshire due to defective track. Fourteen people died and twelve were injured.
On 17 August 1951, two electric multiple units were in a head-on collision at Newcastle Central station, Northumberland after one of them departed against a danger signal. Two people died.
 On 21 September 1951, an express passenger train was derailed at Weedon, Northamptonshire due to a defective bogie on the locomotive hauling it. Fifteen people died and 35 were injured.
On 19 November 1951, a bridge was washed away between  and , West Sussex. A freight train was derailed when it attempted to cross the bridge. Recovery of the locomotive took more than three months.

1952
On 21 April 1952, an express passenger train was derailed at Blea Moor Loops, Cumberland due to a defect on one of the locomotives hauling it, causing points to move under the train.
On 20 July 1952, a passenger train overran signals and was derailed by trap points at , Hampshire.

 On 8 October 1952, an express passenger train overran signals and was in a rear-end collision with a local passenger train at , Middlesex. An express passenger train travelling in the opposite direction then ran into the wreckage. In the deadliest accident for British Railways, 112 people died and 240 were injured.
In 1952, a rake of wagons ran away and were derailed at , Yorkshire.

1953
 On 15 August 1953, an electric multiple unit overran signals and collided with a freight train at Irk Valley Junction, Collyhurst, Lancashire. The collision occurred on a viaduct; one carriage falling  into the River Irk. Ten people died and 58 were injured.
On 16 August 1953, a passenger train became divided and derailed at Kingsbury, Warwickshire due to a combination of defects on the locomotive and the condition of the track.
On 4 September 1953, a passenger train was derailed at , London when a set of points moved under it.

1954
On 3 February 1954, an express passenger train was derailed at Watford Junction station, Hertfordshire due to a broken rail. Nine people were injured.
On 8 May 1954, an express freight train became divided and was derailed at Plumpton, Cumberland.
On 23 September 1954, a freight train overran signals and was derailed by trap points at Whitchurch Town station, Hampshire.

1955
 On 23 January 1955, an express passenger train was derailed at , Warwickshire due to excessive speed on a curve. Seventeen people died and 25 were injured.
 On 28 May 1955, a train carrying 539 passengers including 301 children derailed due to excessive speed and driver error at Wormit station in Fife, near the Tay Bridge, three people died and 41 were injured.
On 7 August 1955, an express passenger train was derailed at Barby, Northamptonshire due to excessive speed through a set of points. One person died and eighteen were injured. Errors by a pilotman during single line working and confusion over where the train was due to be divertes were major contributory factors.
 On 20 November 1955, an excursion train was derailed at Milton, Oxfordshire due to excessive speed through a crossover. Eleven people died and 157 were injured.
 On 2 December 1955, an electric multiple unit train ran into the rear of a freight train at Barnes station, London due to a signalman's error. A fire destroyed the first carriage of the leading electric multiple unit. Thirteen people died and 41 were injured.
On 22 December 1955, an express passenger train overruns signals and was in a rear-end collision with another express passenger train at  station, Yorkshire. Irregular operation of signals was a major contributory factor. The signalman at Hellifield South Junction Signal Box was blamed for the accident.
On 23 December 1955, a passenger train was in a rear-end collision with another at Woking, Surrey.

1956
On 17 August 1956, a rake of carriages ran away and collided with another rake of carriages at , Hampshire.
On 25 August 1956, an empty stock train ran away and crashed through the buffers at Filey Holiday Camp station, Yorkshire due to the failure to connect the brake pipe between the train and the locomotive hauling it.
On 6 September 1956, a parcels train overran signals and was in a rear-end collision with an express passenger train at , Shropshire.

1957
  On 7 January 1957, an express passenger train overran signals and was in a rear-end collision with a passenger train at , Hertfordshire. One person died and 25 were injured.
On 9 February 1957, a freight train ran away due to a broken steam brake pipe in the cab of the locomotive hauling it. It collided with another freight train at  station, Derbyshire. Station staff had enough warning to be able to evacuate a diesel multiple unit which was standing in the station before the collision. Driver John Axon, who had remained with the train, died. He was awarded a posthumous George Cross.
On 9 August 1957, a train formed of two electric multiple units was in a head-on collision with a light engine at , Middlesex after it departed against a danger signal. Nine people were injured.
 On 6 December 1957, an express passenger train overran signals and ran into the rear of an electric multiple unit at , London. A bridge collapsed onto the wreckage, crushing three carriages of the express. Ninety people died, 173 were injured.
In December 1957, a freight train overran signals and was derailed at , Hampshire.

1958
 On 30 January 1958, a passenger train overran signals and was in a rear-end collision with another at Dagenham station, Essex. Ten people died and 89 were injured.
On 16 February 1958, a passenger train is in a rear-end collision with a light engine at Ince Moss Junction, Lancashire due to errors by a signalman and the driver of the light engine. Two people died .
On 4 April 1958, a parcels train overran signals and was in collision with an electric multiple unit at Gloucester Road Junction, Croydon, Surrey. Six people were injured.
On 20 May 1958, a passenger train was in collision with a locomotive and brake van at Arkleston Junction, Paisley, Renfrewshire due to errors by the driver of the locomotive. One person died and 26 were hospitalised.
On 28 June 1958, a rake of carriages ran away and were derailed at , Yorkshire.
On 4 July 1958, an empty stock train was in a head-on collision with an electric multiple unit at , London after the latter overran signals. Forty-five people were injured.
On 5 August 1958, a passenger train crashed through the buffers at .
On 12 August 1958, an electric multiple unit train was derailed at Borough Market Junction, London due to defective track. Six people were injured.
 On 25 August 1958, a sleeping car train overran a signal and was in a head-on collision with a train formed of two electric multiple units at , East Sussex. Five people died and 40 were injured.
On 2 September 1958, the rear van of passenger train was derailed at Lunan Bay, Angus, causing the train to come to a halt due to a loss of vacuum. The train crew failed to realise that their train was incomplete; the restored the vacuum and continued their journey, leaving a van obstructing the line. The signalman at  station failed to notice that the train was not displaying a tail lamp and gave "train out of section" to the signalman at Inverkeilor Signal Box. A passenger train consequently collided with the wreckage of the derailed van.
On 19 November 1958, a freight train overran signals and was in a rear-end collision with another at Hitchin, Hertfordshire. A third freight train ran into the wreckage.
On 22 November 1958, a passenger train was derailed at Balnaguard, Perthshire when a bridge was washed away in a storm. Two people were slightly injured.
In 1958, a passenger train was derailed at Millbrook, Southampton when a faulty point motor moved a set of points under the train.

1959
On 17 February 1959, an electric multiple unit was in a rear-end collision with another at Crayford, Kent due to a signalman's error. Seventy people were injured.
On 29 October 1959, a passenger train overran signals and was derailed by trap points at , Hampshire.
On 4 November 1959, a freight train skidded and came to rest foul of the line at West Sleekburn, Northumberland where another freight train was in a head-on collision with it. Two people died.
On 9 November 1959, a freight train ran away and collided with an empty stock train at , London.
On 12 November 1959, a passenger train overran signals and was in a rear-end collision with another at . London. Thirteen people were injured.
On 15 December 1959, a passenger train was in collision with a rake of vans at London Victoria station. Eleven people were injured.

1960
On 9 January 1960, a freight train was derailed at Kentish Town, London.
On 19 February 1960, a freight train was derailed at Consett, County Durham.
On 12 December 1960, a passenger train overran signals and was derailed at , Hampshire. Two people were injured.

1961
On 11 February 1961, an express freight train became divided between  station, Warwickshire and , Leicestershire. The rear portion was derailed. An express passenger train ran into the wreckage from the rear. One person died and four were injured.
On 13 February 1961, an express passenger train was in collision with a freight train that was being shunted at , Shropshire due to a signalman's error. Three people died and two were injured.
In February 1961, a diesel multiple unit ran away and crashed through the buffers at , Lancashire. The leading carriage crashed into a terraced house and caught fire, seriously injuring the driver.
On 20 March 1961, a diesel-electric multiple unit and an electric multiple unit were in a side-long collision at , London after the latter overran signals.
On 11 April 1961, an electric multiple unit overran signals and was in collision with a light engine at Waterloo station, London. One person died and fourteen were injured.
On 18 April 1961, a passenger train was derailed at Pitsea, Essex due to a pointsman's error during single line working.
On 6 June 1961, a light engine was in collision with a freight train at , Cumberland.
 On 16 July 1961, a train formed of two diesel multiple units was in collision with a rake of wagons near Weeton, Lancashire due to a signalman's error and was derailed. Seven people died and 116 were injured.
On 16 October 1961, a freight train ran away approaching  station, Yorkshire. As there was a train approaching from the opposite direction, the signalman diverted it into a siding, where it crashed through the buffers.
On 7 December 1961, a light engine collided with a freight train at  station, Cornwall due to a signal not giving a clear danger signal.
On 15 December 1961, an empty stock train was in a rear-end collision with a freight train at Conington, Huntingdonshire during permissive block working. A freight train then ran into the wreckage, followed a few minutes later by a third freight train.

1962
On 7 January 1962, a freight train was derailed at , Yorkshire.
On 2 February 1962, a passenger train was in a rear-end collision with a freight train at Polmont, Stirlingshire due to a signalman's error. Five people were injured.
On 4 June 1962, an express passenger train was derailed at Lincoln Central station, Lincolnshire due to excessive speed on a curve. Three people died and 49 were injured.
On 10 June 1962, a southbound freight train was derailed at speed by the loop points at , [North Yorkshire]. The guard was injured.
On 1 August 1962, an electric multiple unit was derailed at , West Sussex when points moved under the train due to an electrical fault. Thirty-eight people were injured.
On 25 August 1962, a passenger train came to a halt at Torquay, Devon due to a defect on the locomotive hauling it. Another passenger train overran a signal and ran into its rear. Twenty-three people were injured.

1963
On 1 April 1963, a freight train was derailed near Weedon, Northamptonshire due to a defective wagon, fouling an adjacent line. An express passenger train collided with the derailed wagons.
On 23 March 1963, a freight train was derailed between  and  stations, Hampshire.
On 1 August 1963, an express passenger train overran signals and collided with a passenger train at Norton Bridge, Staffordshire.
On 1 August 1963, a passenger train formed of electric multiple units was derailed at Barnham station, West Sussex when an electrical fault caused a set of points to operate as the train approached them.
 On 15 August 1963, an express passenger train was in collision with a freight train at Knowle & Dorridge station, Warwickshire due to a signalman's error. Three people died.

1964
 On 5 March 1964, a freight train overran signals and collided with another freight train at Itchingfield Junction, Sussex. Two people died.
On 7 April 1964, a freight train was derailed near Howe & Co's Signalbox, Cumberland due to a combination of a defective wagon, excessive speed and minor track defects.
On 28 May 1964, a passenger train carrying more than 230 schoolchildren derailed and crashed at Cheadle Hulme, Cheshire. The primary causes were driver error and excessive speed. Three people died and 27 were injured.
On 23 October 1964, an electric multiple unit was derailed near Brighton, East Sussex and was severely damaged. It was placed in the Lover's Walk Sidings for cutting up. On 25 October, steam crane DS1196 overturned whilst moving one of the motor bogies of the electric multiple unit. It was scrapped in situ.

1965
On 7 May 1965, a freight train was derailed at Preston-le-Skerne, County Durham. A newspaper train collided with the derailed wagons and was itself derailed.

1966
On 15 July 1966, an express passenger train was derailed at , Oxfordshire due to an unsecured switch blade on a set of points. Eighteen people were injured.
On 14 August 1966, an express passenger train ran into a landslip and was derailed at Sanquhar, Dumfriesshire and was derailed.
On 30 September 1966, a freight train overran signals and was derailed by trap points at Wallers Ash, Hampshire.

1967
 On 31 July 1967, a freight train was derailed at Thirsk, Yorkshire with some of the wagons coming to rest foul of an adjacent line. An express passenger train collided with them. Seven people died and 45 were injured.
On 28 November 1967, a newspaper train was derailed at , London, severely damaging a footbridge when one of the vans collided with its supporting pillars.

1968
 On 6 January 1968, an express passenger train was in collision with an abnormal load on a level crossing at Hixon, Staffordshire. Eleven people died and 45 were injured.
On 1 September 1968, a freight train was derailed at Aldwyth, Dumfriesshire.

1969
On 7 May 1969, an express passenger train was derailed at , Northumberland due to excessive speed on a curve. Six people died and 46 were injured.
On 10 June 1969, a freight train was derailed at Lichfield, Staffordshire due to heat-buckled track.
On 13 June 1969, an express passenger train was derailed at Somerton, Somerset due to heat-buckled track.
On 15 June 1969, a freight train was derailed at Lamington, Scotland due to heat-buckled track.
On 23 July 1969, An express passenger train was derailed at Sandy, Bedfordshire due to heat-buckled track.

1971
On 26 July 1971, an electric multiple unit departed from Macclesfield station against signals and was derailed by trap points.
On 28 July 1971, a parcels train was derailed at Guildford station, Surrey.

1973
In June 1973, a freight train was derailed at Ashwood Dale, Derbyshire due to a combination of excessive speed and defective track. The line was closed for several weeks.
 On 19 December 1973, an express passenger train was derailed at Ealing Broadway station, London when a loose door struck point rodding, causing a set of points to move under the train.  Ten people died and 94 were injured.
In 1973, a freight train was derailed inside Disley Tunnel, Cheshire due to a broken rail. Recovery of the wagons took about a week.
In 1973, an electric multiple unit overran signals and was in a rear-end collision with a diesel multiple unit at Shields Junction, Lanarkshire.

1975
  On 6 June 1975, an express passenger train was derailed at , Warwickshire due to excessive speed during permanent way works. Six people died and 38 were injured.
On 6 August 1975, two freight trains collided at Weaver Junction. Some tanks and vehicles derailed but not the locomotives. Inadequate vacuum brakes on some wagons was cited as the main cause.
In September 1975, Class 33 locomotive 33 041 was involved in an accident in London and was consequently written off.
On 6 August 1975, a freight train was unable to stop due to a lack of brake power. It collided with another freight train at Weaver Junction, Cheshire.
On 26 October 1975, an express passenger train failed at Lunan, Angus. A locomotive was sent to its assistance, but crashed into the rear of the train. One person died and 42 were injured.

1976
On 2 January 1976, a light engine was in a rear-end collision with a parcels train at Worcester Tunnel Junction during time interval working. Both crew members died.
On 25 June 1976, a diesel multiple unit passenger train overran signals and collided with another diesel multiple unit at , Bedfordshire. An express passenger train then collided with the wreckage, striking it with a glancing blow.

1977
On 5 September 1977, a mail train was in a head-on collision with a diesel multiple unit at Farnley Junction, Leeds, West Yorkshire due to a signalling fault. Two people died and fifteen were injured.
On 11 October 1977, a freight train was derailed at Mottingham, London.

1978
 On 6 July 1978, a fire developed on a sleeping car train, which came to a halt at Silk Mill Crossing, Taunton, Somerset. Twelve people died and fifteen were injured.
In September 1978, a freight train ran away and was derailed by trap points at Chinley, Derbyshire.

1979
On 1 March 1979, a rake of wagons ran away and was derailed by trap points at Peak Forest, Derbyshire.
On 29 November 1979, a High Speed Train was derailed at , North Yorkshire.
In 1979, a freight train was derailed inside New Mills Tunnel, Derbyshire when the track spread under the train due to defective track maintenance procedures.

1980
On 16 February 1980, an express passenger train was derailed at Bushey, Hertfordshire due to a broken rail. Nineteen people were seriously injured.
On 22 May 1980, a sleeper train was derailed at Prestonpans, Lothian due to vandalism.

1981
On 8 April 1981, a freight train was derailed at , Derbyshire.
 On 11 December 1981, a diesel multiple unit passenger train was in a rear end collision with a stationary empty stock train near Seer Green, Buckinghamshire. Four people died and five were seriously injured. A combination of severe blizzards and human error was attributed to the crash.

1982
On 16 January 1982, a freight train was derailed at Chinley, Derbyshire.

1984
 On 23 June 1984, a passenger train was derailed at , Northumberland due to excessive speed on a curve. Fifteen people were injured.
On 13 November 1984, a freight train was derailed at Stockport, Cheshire due to a defective wagon.
On 30 November 1984, a passenger train was derailed at Stoulton, Worcestershire due to defective track. Two people were injured.

1986
On 9 March 1986, a passenger train was in collision with two light engines at Chinley, Derbyshire due to a signalman's error. One person died. Lack of training and a power cut were contributory factors.
 On 19 September 1986, an express passenger train overran signals and came to rest foul of a junction at Colwich, Staffordshire. Another express passenger train collided with it. One person died and 75 were injured. 32 people were hospitalised.

1987
On 20 February 1987, a freight train ran away and was derailed by trap points at Chinley, Derbyshire. Another train was in collision with the wreckage.
On 24 March 1987, a freight train overran a signal and was in a head-on collision with a passenger train at Frome North Junction, Somerset. Several people were seriously injured.
On 6 August 1987, a freight train ran away and was derailed by trap points at Baddesley Ensor, Warwickshire.
 On 19 October 1987, a bridge over the River Towy at Llandeilo, Carmarthenshire collapsed as a passenger train was crossing. Four people died.

1988
In January 1988, a freight train was sent into a siding and derailed at Tavistock Junction, Devon due to a pointsman's error.
On 14 June 1988, a freight train was overran signals and was derailed by trap points at Copyhold Junction, West Sussex. The locomotive was dismantled in stages in August and October before being taken to Doncaster Works and rebuilt.
 On 12 December 1988, an electric multiple unit passenger train was in a rear-end collision with another at , London due to a signalling fault caused by a maintenance error. An empty stock train collided with the wreckage. Thirty-nine people died, 484 were injured.

1989
 On 4 March 1989, an electric multiple unit overran signals and collided with another at , Surrey. Five people died and 88 were injured.
 On 6 March 1989, an electric multiple unit departed from Bellgrove station, Glasgow and was in a head-on collision with another passenger train. Two people died.
On 5 August 1989, an express passenger train derailed at , London due to a piece of rail being left on the line.
On 4 October 1989, two diesel multiple units were in collision at Huddersfield, West Yorkshire. Eighteen people were injured.

1990
 On 22 August 1990, a diesel multiple unit overran signals and was in a head-on collision with another diesel multiple unit at Hyde Junction, Cheshire Twenty-eight people were injured.

1991
 On 8 January 1991, a train formed of two electric multiple units collided with the buffers at Cannon Street station, London. Two people died and 534 were injured.
On 16 May 1991, a tank wagon train was derailed and caught fire at Bradford-on-Tone, Somerset.
 On 21 July 1991, an electric multiple unit was in a head-on collision with another at  station, Strathclyde. Four people died and 22 were injured.
On 2 November 1991, a sandite train caught fire inside Standedge Tunnel, Lancashire.
 On 7 December 1991, a diesel multiple unit was in a rear-end collision with a High Speed Train inside the Severn Tunnel. One hundred and eighty-five people were injured.

References

Accidents and incidents involving British Rail
Lists of railway accidents and incidents in the United Kingdom
British Rail


title: 2014 FIBA 3x3 World Tour

text:
The 2014 FIBA 3x3 World Tour was an international 3x3 basketball between 3x3 basketball teams. The tournament is organized by FIBA.

The Grand Final of the 2014 FIBA 3x3 World Tour was held in Sendai, Japan on 11–12 October.

The winners of an event organised in Japan, the winners of the Beijing Masters and the best two teams from the other Masters fought for two days for the pride to represent their city, the 20,000 USD winners' cheque and a chance to be crowned FIBA 3x3 World Tour Champions.

A win at the FIBA 3x3 World Tour Final also means a guaranteed spot at the 2014 FIBA 3x3 All-Stars, held in Doha, Qatar on 12 December and whose prize money and appearance fee reached a grand total of 120,000 USD.

The fans also get to see a Dunk Contest and the Samsung Shoot-Out Contest, exhibition games and live performances from DJs, dancers and other street artists.

Finals Qualification
Six Masters Tournaments were held in six cities in six countries. 12 teams participated in the finals to be which was held in Sendai, Japan on October 11–12. Best teams from each masters tournament qualified for the finals.

Final standing

FIBA 3x3 World Tour seasons
2014 in 3x3 basketball


title: Musheibu Mohammed Alfa

text:
Musheibu Mohammed Alfa is a Ghanaian politician and the Deputy Minister of State for the Upper West Region of Ghana. Until June 2014, Alfa served as the Deputy Minister of Environment, Science and Innovation.

References

Ghanaian Ahmadis
Living people
National Democratic Congress (Ghana) politicians
Year of birth missing (living people)


title: Forum Club Handball

text:
Forum Club Handball (FCH) represents the top European handball clubs. The organisation was founded on 4 October 2011 as a registered association. The club is based in Cologne. The predecessor association Group Club Handball was dissolved on 3 October 2011. FCH represents the interests of the clubs to the European Handball Federation (EHF), the International Handball Federation (IHF), the European Union and others.

The teams are members of the EHF Champions League, the EHF European League and the top 16 teams of the EHF European Cup and all national champions.

The president of the FCH is Xavier O'Callaghan (FC Barcelona, Spain), the two vice-presidents are Dierk Schmäschke (SG Flensburg, Germany) and Peter Leutwyler (Kadetten Schaffhausen, Switzerland). Further board members are Janos Szabo (Telekom Veszprem, Hungary), Thierry Omeyer (Paris Saint Germain, France), Julien Deljarry (Montpellier HB, France), Thorsten Storm (THW Kiel, Germany), Gregor Planteu (Celje, Slovenia), Vedran Supukovic (Zagreb, Croatia), Jan Larsen (Aalborg, Denmark), Stathis Papachartofilis (AEK Athens, Greece) and Theo Bougouin (London, England). The managing director is Dr. Gerd Butzeck.

The highest body of the FCH is the General Assembly, which usually meets twice a year. The first meeting takes place on the final weekend of the European or World Championships, the second on the weekend of the EHF Champions League Final Four tournament. The General Assembly determines the policy of the FCH. EHF Champions League clubs have the right to four votes, EHF Cup clubs have two votes, all other clubs have one voting right. Elections are held every four years.

During the general meetings, all business is conducted by the board members. They are elected according to the ranking of the European handball clubs.

The General Assembly elects the club representatives for the various committees of the EHF (Professional Handball Board and Competitions Commission) and the EHF Marketing GmbH (Strategy Committee, Men's Club Board and Advisory Board). President Xavier O'Callaghan is also a member of the Executive Committee of the European Handball Federation.

The cooperation of the Forum Club Handball with the European Handball Federation is regulated by a memorandum of understanding. There is a partnership agreement with the International Handball Federation.

References

External links
Hintergrund: Das Forum Club Handball. In: handball-world.news. IG Handball e.V.
Forum Club Handball- FCH Weblog.

Handball in Germany
Organisations based in Cologne
Sport in Cologne


title: Tharaasu

text:
Tharaasu () is a 1984 Indian Tamil-language film, directed by Rajaganapathy and produced by G. Kanakasubbu. The film stars Sivaji Ganesan, K. R. Vijaya, Poornam Viswanathan and Prabhu. It was released on 16 March 1984. The film was a box office failure.

Plot

Cast
Sivaji Ganesan
K. R. Vijaya
Poornam Viswanathan
Prabhu
Ambika
M. N. Nambiar
Gandhimathi
Y. G. Mahendra
V. K. Ramasamy
S. Varalakshmi
Kallapetti Singaram
Silk Smitha as item number

Soundtrack
The music was composed by M. S. Viswanathan and lyrics were written by Puratchi Daasan.

Reception

References

External links

1980s Tamil-language films
1984 films
Films scored by M. S. Viswanathan