title: Silver City (Falling Up album)

text:
Silver City is a 2013 Christmas album recorded by experimental Christian rock band Falling Up. It was released digitally on December 6, 2013, and contained 11 tracks. It was the only Christmas-related album that Falling Up released. Although the band labeled it as an "extended play", at 11 tracks, it exceeds both Billboard'''s and the RIAA's definition for an EP, which is capped at six and five maximum tracks, respectively. The iTunes Store and Amazon.com versions did not include the opening track, "Intro/Jingle Bells".

Due to the album's release being too close to Christmas to press physical copies and mail them in time, Falling Up only released the album digitally, stating that they would most likely remaster the album, add a few songs and release physical copies for Christmas 2014.

After the initial release of Silver City, the album was made available through Groupees for a $1.00 minimum donation in support of the Typhoon Haiyan victims, with 100% of the proceeds going to Action Against Hunger's relief fund.

Reception
The Silver City'' EP generally received very positive reviews, with many mentioning its uniqueness as a Christmas album. Jesus Freak Hideout's David Craft noted that the EP is "well-worth many spins this holiday season, and will surely provide [listeners] with a fresh enjoyment of even the most traditional carols".

Track listing
The album contained 11 basic tracks.

References

2013 Christmas albums
Christmas albums by American artists
Falling Up (band) albums
Alternative rock Christmas albums


Indonesia women's national softball team is the national team for Indonesia.  The team competed at the 1986 ISF Women's World Championship in Auckland, New Zealand where they finished eleventh.  The team competed at the 1990 ISF Women's World Championship in Normal, Illinois where they finished with 1 win and 8 losses.

References

External links
 International Softball Federation

Women's national softball teams
Women's national sports teams of Indonesia
Softball in Indonesia


title: Patent Office of the Republic of Latvia

text:
The Patent Office of the Republic of Latvia (Latvian: Patentu valde) is an independent state institution operating under the supervision of the Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Latvia. It is the central authority in the field of industrial property protection in Latvia.

External links

Patent offices
Government of Latvia


title: Zimbabwe women's national softball team

text:
Zimbabwe women's national softball team is the national team for Zimbabwe.  The team competed at the 1986 ISF Women's World Championship in Auckland, New Zealand where they finished twelfth.  The team competed at the 1990 ISF Women's World Championship in Normal, Illinois where they finished with 0 wins and 9 losses.

References

External links
 International Softball Federation

Softball
Women's national softball teams
Softball in Zimbabwe


title: Hate You (2NE1 song)

text:
"Hate You" is a song by South Korean girl group 2NE1. The Korean version is the third single from the group's self-titled EP and was released by YG Entertainment on July 21, 2011. The Japanese version is included on the Japanese version of the EP, titled Nolza, released on August 10, 2011. The song was written and produced by YG's in-house producer Teddy Park.

Background
"Hate You" was digitally released worldwide on July 21, 2011 under the group's label, YG Entertainment. In the group's television show, 2NE1 TV, producer Teddy Park revealed that the song was originally called "Fuck You", but was later modified to a "clean" version. He played a snippet of the original track but the word "fuck" was censored. From the same show, CL said that the song was supposed to be included on their debut album To Anyone.

Promotion and reception
The song was promoted through live performances on shows such as Inkigayo and M! Countdown during the month of August 2011. The animated music video for the song, produced and directed by Mari Kim, shows the girls trying to take down a red-headed terrorist and achieved over thirty-five million views on YouTube. The single peaked at number three on Gaon Digital Chart upon its initial release, and reached number four on the Billboard Korea K-pop Hot 100 chart. In South Korea, "Hate You" sold over 2.58 million digital copies.

Charts

Weekly charts

Monthly charts

Year-end charts

References

External links
 "Hate You" music video on YouTube

2NE1 songs
2011 singles
Korean-language songs
Japanese-language songs
YG Entertainment singles
2011 songs
Animated music videos
Songs written by Teddy Park


title: Jean Patchett

text:
Jean Ward Patchett Auer (February 16, 1926 – January 22, 2002) was a leading American fashion model of the late 1940s, 1950s, and early 1960s. She was among the best known models of that era, which included Dovima, Dorian Leigh, Suzy Parker, Evelyn Tripp and Lisa Fonssagrives. Patchett was the subject of two of Vogue Magazine's most famous covers, both shot in 1950 by Erwin Blumenfeld and Irving Penn. She was famous for being one of the first high-fashion models to appear remote; previously, models had appeared warm and friendly. Irving Penn described her as "a young American goddess in Paris couture".

During her career, she appeared on over 40 magazine covers. Patchett modeled for brands including Bergdorf Goodman, Henri Bendel and Revlon.

Early life
Jean Ward Patchett was born on February 16, 1926, in Preston, Maryland, to James Franklin Patchett (1891–1962), a World War I veteran and plumber, and Mary Ward Patchett (1891–1970), who were both originally from Delaware. She was the youngest of four children; she had two sisters, Dorothy Lee (1917–2006) and Elizabeth "Betty" (1922–1999), and a brother, James Franklin Patchett Jr. (1919–2002). She was of Scottish, Irish, English, and French ancestry. Patchett graduated from Preston High School in 1941. She attended secretarial school, studied voice at Peabody Institute, and attended Goucher College before deciding to become a model.

Career
She came to New York in 1948, and signed with the Ford Model Agency on May 10, 1948. Her career took off almost immediately. She debuted with Vogue in September 1948 at the age of 22.

In October 1949, Patchett was photographed by Penn along with Bridget Bate Tichenor for the famous photograph The Tarot Reader. A print of this photograph is in the permanent collection of the Smithsonian American Art Museum. Patchett was the subject of two of Vogue Magazine's most famous covers, January 1950 by Erwin Blumenfeld and April 1950 by Irving Penn. Cathy Horyn wrote that the January 1950 cover "became shorthand for an entire decade". During her career, she appeared on over 40 magazine covers. Patchett's face was used in the 1957 Fred Astaire-Audrey Hepburn-Kay Thompson film, Funny Face, which spoofed the fashion industry.

Personal life
Shortly after signing to Harry Conover's agency, Patchett began living in a Methodist rooming home for women.

Patchett married Louis Auer, a Yale-educated banker in 1951. After 1962, they adopted two children named Bart and Amy.

Death
Jean Patchett Auer died on January 22, 2002, in La Quinta, California, from emphysema.

References

External links

1926 births
2002 deaths
People from Caroline County, Maryland
American female models
Female models from Maryland
20th-century American women
20th-century American people


title: Cana, Tuscany

text:
Cana is a village in Tuscany, central Italy,  administratively a frazione of the comune of Roccalbegna, province of Grosseto, in the southern area of Mount Amiata. At the time of the 2001 census its population amounted to 225.

Cana is about 32 km from Grosseto and 11 km from Roccalbegna.

Main sights
San Martino (13th century), main parish of the village, it was rebuilt in 1970.
Madonna del Conforto (15th century), little chapel which contains the painting of Vergine del Conforto.
Walls of Cana, old fortifications which surround the village since 13th century.
Rocca aldobrandesca (13th century), a fortress built by Aldobrandeschi family.
Medicean well, a 17th-century well built by Medici.

References

See also
 Santa Caterina, Roccalbegna
 Triana, Tuscany
 Vallerona

Frazioni of Roccalbegna


title: Joakim Askling

text:
Joakim Daniel Askling (; born 4 January 1990) is a Swedish footballer. Besides Sweden, he has played in Italy and Israel.

Honours
Liga Alef
Winner (1): 2013–14

References

External links

1990 births
Living people
Swedish Jews
Swedish men's footballers
Jewish men's footballers
Jewish Swedish sportspeople
Djurgårdens IF Fotboll players
UC AlbinoLeffe players
Hapoel Kfar Saba F.C. players
Hapoel Be'er Sheva F.C. players
Beitar Tel Aviv Bat Yam F.C. players
Beitar Jerusalem F.C. players
Assyriska FF players
Israeli Premier League players
Liga Leumit players
Footballers from Stockholm
Enskede IK players
Swedish people of Jewish descent
Swedish people of Israeli descent
Men's association football defenders


title: Sunekosuri

text:
The sunekosuri (meaning "rub against lower legs") is a Japanese yōkai. Stories are told of it in Okayama Prefecture and is said to get in the way of people's paths as they walk.

Mythology
According to the 1935 book Current Dictionary of Yōkai Nationwide (現行全国妖怪辞典) natural historian Satou Seimei they appear on nights when rain falls and rub against the crotches (space between the legs) of people who walk on roads at night. The victims have a little difficulty walking, but no other harm. According to Rin Adashino, this book is the oldest record of the sunekosuri.

According to folklore from Ibara in Nankaichi town within this city, sunekosuri would appear beside a shrine called Iryō-dō, and it would move through the space between the legs of pedestrians and would take the shape of a dog.

In Yoshii, Shitsuki District, Okayama Prefecture, there are stories of a similar spirit called sunekkorogashi (meaning "make lower legs fall over"). A legend states that it would slip into darkness at night and pull on people's legs, making them fall over. Children were made to fall over and hurt their noses.

In Media
They have been given various appearances in fictional works. In Mizuki Shigeru's manga GeGeGe no Kitarō, it takes on the appearance of a cat rolled into a ball. People who claimed to have actually witnessed one often claim that "it was like a cat". Yōkai researcher Yamaguchi Binatarō claimed that this was because of Mizuki Shigeru's influence. Some netsuke resemble Mizuki's design, creating the possibility that they referred to Mizuki's design.

In the movie The Great Yokai War sunekosuri appeared as yellow and white lumps of hair with cute eyes.

In the 2018 anime adaptation of GeGeGe no Kitarō, the sunekokusuri takes the appearance of a small, chubby, tabby cat, having forgotten his true form. It appears as a bakeneko creature feeding on human lifeforce, forced to leave his dwelling. While the village was thriving he could easily feed from many people and never harm anyone, but with the massive population decline in rural Japan he ended up unwillingly stealing too much lifeforce from the remaining, elderly citizens.

In the 2020 video game Nioh 2, the sunekosuri- localized as "Scampuss"- appears as a helpful yokai that looks like a chubby cat and aids the player.

References

See also
 List of legendary creatures from Japan

Yōkai


title: Vallerona

text:
Vallerona is a village in Tuscany, central Italy,  administratively a frazione of the comune of Roccalbegna, province of Grosseto, in the southern area of Mount Amiata. At the time of the 2001 census its population amounted to 219.

Vallerona is about 36 km from Grosseto and 6 km from Roccalbegna. The palio dei somarelli (donkeys) takes place every year in Vallerona.

Main sights
 San Pio I, main parish of the village, it was built in 1641.

References

See also
 Cana, Tuscany
 Santa Caterina, Roccalbegna
 Triana, Tuscany

Frazioni of Roccalbegna


title: Moscow to California

text:
Moscow to California is a single by DJ M.E.G., featuring Sergey Lazarev and Timati.

It was premiered 6 February 2012 via the Web site of the Russian Billboard magazine. The vocal track was recorded 21 December 2011, and production was finished in January 2012 by DJ M.E.G..

Because Lazarev provided the lead vocals for the song, it was included in his album Lazarev.

Music video
Semko Videos recorded a music video for "Moscow to California" 18 January 2012 in Miami (USA). The music video was directed by Pavel Khudyakov. In America, about 100 people were involved in the filming of the clip. After shooting ten locations in America, a group of actors and a director went to Moscow to shoot some scenes.

The video was presented in the Paradise club in Moscow on 23 February 2012. The music video was released using the World Wide Web on 8 March 2012.

Versions
Single

Remix

Charts

References

External links

2012 singles
2012 songs
Sergey Lazarev songs


title: Nordguard

text:
Nordguard is an American graphic novel trilogy created by Tess Garman and Teagan Gavet and published by Sofawolf Press, starring anthropomorphic animal characters.
The first Issue, Across Thin Ice, was released in 2011. As of 2015, a second issue Under Dark Skies was thought to be in development, however the official website no longer exists, which means that the continuation of the series is extremely unlikely. The graphic novel has an official tabletop game, Nordguard: The Card Game.

Plot
The adventure story takes place in an early 20th century alternate North America, in a desolate Arctic frontier known as the Northern Territory. It is a world inhabited by anthropomorphic animals instead of humans. The plot focuses on a sled dog team, led by a Border Collie named Pi, of the Nordguard Elite, which is a search and recovery organization responsible for cutting trails, carrying the mail, and rescuing lost travelers.

Characters

Pi
The lead sled dog of her team, Pi is only her nickname, her real name is thus far unknown. Pi is extremely ambitious, courageous, and clever, and is a natural born leader well respected by everyone on her team, especially London, who may have a crush on her. She was born and raised down south in the farming country of the Midwest, and her father was a reputed lawman of the West, who, after retiring, taught her to shoot. Her ambitious nature eventually led her to the last unconquered frontier of the North, where she seems right at home.

London
London is the point dog and second in command of Pi's team. Out of everyone on the team, London is the most mature, serious-minded, and logical, who rarely speaks unless he has something important to say. First a guide, and then a teacher, London has been with the Nordguard for more than a decade, but perhaps due to his overly-cautious nature, has never been offered to lead his own team. However, he does not seem angered about this, and instead seems to trust and care more about Pi's safety and well-being, occasionally to her annoyance.

Nickel
Nick for short, is the team's scout, as well as the youngest and newest addition to the team. He has a very adventurous and clever spirit and also provides most of the comic relief, possessing a very witty and snarky attitude as well as a penchant for storytelling. Before running away and coming up North in search of adventure, Nickel lived a very stuffy, privileged, high society life which he mostly loathed.

Geri
Geri is the twin brother of Freki, and like her, serves as a wheel dog on Pi's team. He's rather brutish, simple, and despite having a large appetite and short temper, is very loyal to both his sister and Pi, willing to risk his life to protect either. He and Freki were born and raised in the harsh land of Thule to the Northeast of the Northern Territory, and he, like his sister, never speak of their past and how or why they left Thule.

Freki
The twin sister of Geri, and like him, serves as a wheel dog on Pi's team. Unlike her more simple-minded brother, Freki is considerably more attentive and intelligent, but perhaps just as quiet and mysterious. She considers Pi her equal rather than a superior.

Lt. James McKay
Though not an official member of Pi's team, he is a supporting character in Across Thin Ice and Under Dark Skies, and serves as a medic on the team. He is generally kindhearted and well-meaning, but also very sensitive and naive, not fully at home in the arctic wastes. He is a teetotaler and does not drink, due to his abusive drunkard dad who died of alcohol poisoning when he was just a pup.

Oleg Kutakov
A Russian boar who serves as a ranking corps member. He is very stubborn, brash, and enjoys alcohol. In the first volume, Oleg, perhaps unwittingly, hints that he may possess more information regarding the situation at Tartok Mine than he is willing to reveal to the rest of the team, giving him the most secretive and insidious agenda out of all of the main characters.

Nordguard: The Card Game
Released in 2012, Nordguard: The Card Game is a cooperative map-building card game with role-playing game elements. It features new artwork from Tess Garman and Teagan Gavet, as well as art provided by Chromamancer. It was created by Tempe O'Kun and developed by ThinkTank Games.

In the game, a team of players must work together to cross a random-generated map, with each of the seven main characters from the graphic novel having different abilities. Various promotional cards have been given out at furry conventions since its premiere, adding further characters, items, events, and locations. As of Anthrocon 2014, new promotional cards were still being released.

Reception
Critical reception of the Nordguard series has largely been positive, with many reviewers particularly praising the series beautifully detailed art.

Jim DeVries of IGN rated Across Thin Ice 8.0 out of 10, signifying "Great." He calls it "exciting, funny, and one of the best drawn Indie books I've ever seen." At Flayrah, Fred Patten called it a "very satisfactory first installment of a tense thriller which is bound to enhance Garman's and Gavet's already stellar reputation. Shaun Nordin, columnist for Malaysian tabloid The Star, praised the book for its artwork and story.

Awards
Nordguard: Across Thin Ice was nominated for the 2012 Russ Manning Most Promising Newcomer Award, a category within the Eisner Awards. It also won the 2011 Ursa Major Award for Anthropomorphic Other Literary Work and for Best Anthropomorphic Published Illustration.

Nordguard: The Card Game, designed by Tempe O'Kun and developed by ThinkTank Games, was nominated for the Ursa Major Award for Best Anthropomorphic Game of 2012.

References

External links
Official Website

American graphic novels
Furry fandom


title: Triana, Tuscany

text:
Triana is a village in Tuscany, central Italy,  administratively a frazione of the comune of Roccalbegna, province of Grosseto, in the southern area of Mount Amiata. At the time of the 2001 census its population amounted to 14.

Triana is about 50 km from Grosseto and 5 km from Roccalbegna.

Main sights
 San Bernardino, main parish of the village, it was built in 1780 by Piccolomini.
 Chapel of Madonna del Loreto (17th century), little chapel of the castle.
 Castle of Triana, medieval castle once ruled by the Aldobrandeschi.

References

See also
 Cana, Tuscany
 Santa Caterina, Roccalbegna
 Vallerona

Frazioni of Roccalbegna


title: Dinamo–Rijeka derby

text:
Dinamo–Rijeka derby is the name given to matches between Dinamo Zagreb and Rijeka. The teams are supported by their fanbases called Zagreb's Bad Blue Boys and Rijeka's Armada.

Games of note are the 1993–94 Croatian Football Cup final when Dinamo won the trophy and the 2013–14 Croatian Cup, 2016–17 Croatian Football Cup, 2018–19 Croatian Football Cup finals when Rijeka won. Dinamo has been by far the more successful side, which is evident in several long winning streaks throughout the derby's history. However, Rijeka remained unbeaten in 23 consecutive home league fixtures from August 1964 until May 1994. While player movement between the two clubs has always occurred, it intensified since the mid-1980s, when Dinamo acquired many of Rijeka's best players. This trend has abated over the past decade.

Due to various formats that were used in the Croatian championship and the cup competition format (which has teams playing two-legged fixtures even in the final game) and in addition to the games played in the Supercup, there has been anywhere from two to six derbies per season. For example, as many as six derbies have been played between April and November 2004. Due to Rijeka's absence from the Yugoslav First League, no derbies were played between 1947 and 1958 and 1969 and 1974.

Results

By competition

Last updated on 27 August 2023.

By ground

Last updated on 27 August 2023.

List of matches

Key

1946–1991

1992–present

Note: Home team's score always shown first

Top scorers
This is the list of top-scoring players in the derby. Data updated up to the last derby played on 27 August 2023.

14 goals
 El Arabi Hillel Soudani

13 goals
 Mislav Oršić
 Slaven Zambata

9 goals
 Igor Cvitanović

7 goals
 Boško Balaban
 Snješko Cerin
 Damir Desnica
 Eduardo da Silva
 Zlatko Kranjčar
 Stjepan Lamza
 Dario Zahora

6 goals
 Mario Gavranović

5 goals
 Željko Adžić
 Duje Čop
 Željko Matuš
 Tomo Šokota

Players who have scored in Dinamo–Rijeka derby for both clubs
Boško Balaban (7 goals, 3 for Dinamo and 4 for Rijeka)
Mario Gavranović (6 goals, 3 for Dinamo and 3 for Rijeka)
Andrej Kramarić (3 goals, 1 for Dinamo and 2 for Rijeka)
Domagoj Pavičić (2 goals, 1 for Dinamo and 1 for Rijeka)
Renato Pilipović (2 goals, 1 for Dinamo and 1 for Rijeka)
Davor Vugrinec (2 goals, 1 for Dinamo and 1 for Rijeka)

Players who have played for both clubs (senior career)

Jasmin Agić
Mehmed Alispahić
Franko Andrijašević
Boško Balaban
Miroslav Blažević
Jozo Bogdanović
Ivan Boras
Eddy Bosnar
Ivan Bošnjak
Josip Brezovec
Marijan Brnčić
Marijan Buljat
Luka Capan
Ivica Car
Mladen Cukon
Emir Dilaver
Mate Dragičević
Josip Drmić
Dino Drpić
Celestin Gašparini
Mario Gavranović
Alen Halilović
Sejad Halilović
Tibor Halilović
Niko Janković

Matej Jelić
Dario Jertec
Deni Jurić
Fabijan Komljenović
Andrej Kramarić
Ivan Krstanović
Sandro Kulenović
Stjepan Lamza
Marin Leovac
Marko Lešković
Rúben Lima
Nebojša Malbaša
Mate Maleš
Petar Mamić
Antonio Marin
Luka Menalo
Andre Mijatović
Mihael Mikić
Damir Milinović
Josip Mišić
Dumitru Mitu
Mladen Mladenović
Ivan Nevistić
Mislav Oršić
Stojan Osojnak

Zvonko Pamić
Domagoj Pavičić
Dubravko Pavličić
Saša Peršon
Renato Pilipović
Marko Pjaca
Nikola Pokrivač
Josip Ražić
Stefan Ristovski
Elvis Scoria
Ilija Sivonjić
Dario Smoje
Miro Stipić
Fulvio Superina
Ivica Šangulin
Daniel Šarić
Fuad Šašivarević
Zoran Škerjanc
Hrvoje Štrok
Josip Tadić
Mario Tokić
Ivan Tomečak
Davor Vugrinec
Zoran Zekić

Managers who have worked at both clubs
Igor Bišćan
Miroslav Blažević
Nenad Gračan
Branko Ivanković
Sergej Jakirović
Zlatko Kranjčar
Josip Kuže
Josip Skoblar

Yugoslav First League results

The table lists the place each team took in each of the seasons they played together in the top division.

Prva HNL results

The tables list the place each team took in each of the seasons.

See also
Eternal derby
Adriatic derby
Osijek Rijeka derby

References

External links
Archive of Dinamo's games at povijestdinama.com
History of Rijeka's participation in championships at NK-Rijeka.hr

GNK Dinamo Zagreb
Football derbies in Croatia
derby


The 2014 Yukon/NWT Men's Curling Championship, the men's curling championship for Yukon and the Northwest Territories, was held from February 6 to 9 at the Whitehorse Curling Club in Whitehorse, Yukon. The winning Jamie Koe rink from Yellowknife, Northwest Territories represented Yukon and the Northwest Territories at the 2014 Tim Hortons Brier in Kamloops.

Teams

Round robin standings
Final Round Robin Standings

Round robin results

Draw 1
Thursday, February 6, 6:30 pm

Draw 2
Friday, February 7, 10:00 am

Draw 3
Friday, February 7, 3:00 pm

Draw 4
Saturday, February 8, 10:00 am

Draw 5
Saturday, February 8, 3:00 pm

Draw 6
Sunday, February 9, 9:00 am

External links

2014 Tim Hortons Brier
Curling in Yukon
Sport in Whitehorse
2014 in Yukon
Curling in the Northwest Territories


title: Santa Caterina, Roccalbegna

text:
Santa Caterina is a village in Tuscany, central Italy,  administratively a frazione of the comune of Roccalbegna, province of Grosseto, in the southern area of Mount Amiata. At the time of the 2001 census its population amounted to 110.

Santa Caterina is about 40 km from Grosseto and 3 km from Roccalbegna.

Main sights
 Santa Caterina, main parish of the village, it was built in the 1960s.
 Santa Caterina delle Ruote, little chapel of 16th century.
 Museum of Focarazza, ethnografic museum about rural life and the traditional fire ritual of Santa Caterina.

References

See also
 Cana, Tuscany
 Triana, Tuscany
 Vallerona

Frazioni of Roccalbegna


title: 400 metres at the Olympics

text:
The 400 metres at the Summer Olympics has been contested since the first edition of the multi-sport event. The men's 400 m has been present on the Olympic athletics programme since 1896 but nearly seventy years passed before the introduction of the women's 400 m, which has been held continuously since the 1964 Games. It is the most prestigious 400 m race at elite level. The competition format typically has two qualifying rounds leading to a final race between eight athletes.

The Olympic record for the men's race was set in 2016, and the record for the women's race was set in 1996. Wayde van Niekerk holds the men's record of 43.03 seconds, breaking world and Olympic records that had been held by Michael Johnson since 1999 and 1996 respectively. Marie-José Pérec is the women's record holder at 48.25 seconds. The men's world record has been broken several times at the Olympics: in 1912, 1932, 1960, 1968, and 2016. Irena Szewińska is the only person to break the women's world record at the competition, doing so in 1976.

Only three athletes have won the event twice: Marie-José Pérec became the first to defend the title in 1996, then Michael Johnson followed with victories in 1996 and 2000, and Shaunae Miller-Uibo successfully defended her 2016 title at Tokyo 2020. No athlete has won more than three medals. Several medalists in the event have also had success in the 200 metres at the Olympics: Johnson, Perec, Szewińska and Valerie Brisco-Hooks have all won titles at both distances. Athletes chosen for the event almost always form part of their nation's team for the 4×400 metres relay at the Olympics.

The United States is the most successful nation in the event, with 21 gold medals and 44 medals in total. The next most successful nation is Great Britain. The 1908 men's 400 metres saw the only walkover in Olympic history, as the American finalists refused to compete in the final in protest of the officiating.

Medal summary

Men

Multiple medalists

Medals by country

 The German total includes teams both competing as Germany and the United Team of Germany, but not East or West Germany.

Women

Multiple medalists

Medalists by country

Olympic record progression

Men

Women

Intercalated Games
The 1906 Intercalated Games were held in Athens and at the time were officially recognised as part of the Olympic Games series, with the intention being to hold a games in Greece in two-year intervals between the internationally-held Olympics. However, this plan never came to fruition and the International Olympic Committee (IOC) later decided not to recognise these games as part of the official Olympic series. Some sports historians continue to treat the results of these games as part of the Olympic canon.

At this event a men's 400 m was held and Paul Pilgrim, a 1904 Olympic gold medalist in the 4-mile team race, won the competition. Wyndham Halswelle, later the 1908 Olympic champion in the 400 metres on walkover, was the runner-up while Australia's Nigel Barker was the bronze medalist.

Non-canonical Olympic events
In addition to the main 1900 Olympic men's 400 metres, a handicap competition was contested seven days after the final. Twenty men entered, with Hungary's Pál Koppán, Germany's Albert Werkmüller and Dave Hall of the United States being the only non-French entrants. Koppán was the victor with a handicap of 35 m, Werkmüller was second with a handicap of 35 m, and Frenchman André Lemonnier took third with a 26 m handicap.

Two professionals-only events were also held in 1900. The 400 metres world record holder Edgar Bredin won with a time of 53.2 seconds, ahead of Legrain of France (possibly Paul Legrain) and his compatriot Jules Bouchoux. A handicap professional race was also held but the results have not been located.

A handicap 440-yard dash (402.3 m) competition was held at 1904 Summer Olympics after the 1904 Olympic men's 400 m race. An American, F. Darcy, won the race with a time of  50.8 (12-yard start). George Underwood, also of the United States, came second with no handicap and James Peck of Canada came third off a six-yard headstart.

These events are no longer considered part of the official Olympic history of the 400 metres or the athletics programme in general. Consequently, medals from these competitions have not been assigned to nations on the all-time medal tables.

Finishing times

Top ten fastest Olympic times

References
Participation and athlete data
Athletics Men's 400 metres Medalists. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-02-07.
Athletics Women's 400 metres Medalists. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-02-07.
Olympic record progressions
Mallon, Bill (2012). TRACK & FIELD ATHLETICS - OLYMPIC RECORD PROGRESSIONS. Track and Field News. Retrieved on 2014-02-07.
Specific

External links
IAAF 400 metres homepage
Official Olympics website
Olympic athletics records from Track & Field News

Olympics
400 metres


title: Department of Defence Co-ordination

text:
The Department of Defence Co-ordination was an Australian government department that existed between November 1939 and April 1942.

History
The department was formed shortly after Australia declared war on Germany in September 1939, joining World War II. In November 1939 the Department of Defence (II) was separated into the Department of Defence Co-ordination and Departments of Air, Navy and Army.

Scope
Information about the department's functions and/or government funding allocation could be found in the Administrative Arrangements Orders, the annual budget statements and in the Department's annual reports.

When it was established, the Department dealt with:
Defence policy
Administrative co-ordination and review
Financial Co-ordination and review
Works Co-ordination and review
Commonwealth War Book
Civilian defence and State Co-operation

Structure
The Department was a Commonwealth Public Service department, staffed by officials who were responsible to the Minister for Defence Co-ordination: Robert Menzies (1939 to 1941) and John Curtin (1941 to 1942).

The Secretary of the Department was Frederick Shedden.

References

Ministries established in 1939
Defence Co-ordination
1939 establishments in Australia
1942 disestablishments in Australia


title: Fox Sports (Chilean TV channel)

text:
Fox Sports was a Chilean pay television channel specialised on broadcasting sport events. The localised feed was launched in August 2013, replacing Fox Sports Básico.

History
Fox Sports Latin America was available in Chile as two simulcast feeds, which were "Fox Sports Básico" and "Fox Sports Premium", inheriting the Panamerican Sports Network's (PSN) commercial structure in that country after its demise in 2001 as PSN's owner, "Hicks, Muse, Tate & Furst", formed a joint venture with Fox Sports International named Panamerican Sports Holding (PSH), which in turn formed a joint venture with Liberty Media and Argentine company Torneos y Competencias named "Fox Pan American Sports" that took control of the Latin American Fox Sports channels from News Corporation. Thus, Fox Sports southern feed broadcasting from Argentina started airing on PSN's slots.

At the time, Fox Sports Premium was the intact broadcast of the Latin American channel broadcasting from Argentina, while Fox Sports Básico was a simulcast with no live programming, relegated to low-tier television packages.

In August 2013, the channel was launched replacing Fox Sports Básico with original programming produced in Chile. In 21 October 2014, Fox Sports Premium stopped being a mirror feed of Fox Sports LA and starts rebroadcasting Fox Sports Chile programming with live events. 7 months later, on 4 May 2015, Fox Sports Premium was rebranded as Fox Sports 1.

Until December 2019, the Fox Sports channels were bundled into a premium pack labelled "Fox Sports Premium" which consisted on Chilean-made Fox Sports 1 and Latin American Fox Sports 2 and 3. It was the only country in the region to sell the network this way.

Due to the acquisition of 21st Century Fox by The Walt Disney Company, Disney took control of Fox Sports. As Disney already owned ESPN which broadcast 3 channels in Latin America, it announced to close Fox Sports' Chilean, Colombian, Uruguayan and Peruvian local feeds. Fox Sports Chile closed down on 15 December 2019, turning into a ESPN 4 feed with no live programming again.

Programming rights

Events and competitions that were seen on Fox Sports Chile.

Football
 Copa Libertadores (Fox Sports 1)
 UEFA Champions League (Fox Sports 1)
 UEFA Europa League (Fox Sports 1)
 European Supercup
 Bundesliga (Fox Sports 1)

Motorsports
 Dakar Rally
 Formula One (Fox Sports 1)
 Rally Mobil

Gridiron football
 National Football League (Fox Sports 1)

See also
 Fox Sports International
 Fox Sports (Latin American TV network)

References
 http://www.lanacion.cl/fox-sports-lanzara-programa-estelar-en-chile/noticias/2013-10-09/133932.html
 http://buscador.emol.com/emol/Fernando+Gualda
 http://www.skyscraperlife.com/latin-bar/86691-nace-fox-sports-chile-17.html

Television stations in Chile
Defunct television channels
Latin American cable television networks
Chile
Spanish-language television stations
Television channels and stations established in 2013
Television channels and stations disestablished in 2019


title: Wilhelm Wilhelmsen (ship owner, b. 1872)

text:
Wilhelm Wilhelmsen (11 March 1872 – 11 May 1955) was a Norwegian ship owner and yacht racer. He was born in Tønsberg, and was the son of ship owner Wilhelm Wilhelmsen. He managed the company Wilh. Wilhelmsen, Norway's largest shipping company, from 1923 until his death in 1955.  His son Tom Wilhelmsen (1911–1978) took over.

He represented the Royal Norwegian Yacht Club, and competed at the 1928 Summer Olympics in Amsterdam, where his boat placed fourth in the 8-meter class.

He was decorated Commander with Star of the Order of St. Olav in 1945. He died in Oslo in 1955.

References

1872 births
1955 deaths
People from Tønsberg
Norwegian businesspeople in shipping
Sailors at the 1928 Summer Olympics – 8 Metre
Norwegian male sailors (sport)
Olympic sailors for Norway
Royal Norwegian Yacht Club sailors


title: Välgörande fruntimmerssällskapet

text:
Välgörande fruntimmerssällskapet (The Women's Charitable Society) was a Swedish charity organization, active between 1819 until its dissolution in 1934. The purpose of the organisation was to collect funds to support poor females in the capital of Stockholm, but specifically institutions and projects of various kinds which could provide poor females with work and opportunity to support themselves.

The foundation belonged to the very first group of charitable organisations, which were to become so numerous during the 19th-century but were still uncommon at the time of its foundation. It was further more also likely the first foundation in its country to be founded and operated exclusively by females and was thereby Sweden's first women's organisation. The society was founded by a group of upper class women under the leadership of Princess Sophie Albertine of Sweden, who also became its first chairperson. The chairperson of the organisation continued to be occupied by female members of the royal house until its dissolution.

The society played an important part in the development of private secular charity in Sweden during the 19th-century, and many women's charity organizations was founded in the following decades with it as predecessor, notably the numerous women's protection societies.

Chairperson

The Society was not properly organized until 1825, when it also had its first chairperson:
 1825-1829: Sophie Albertine of Sweden
 1829-1876: Josephine of Leuchtenberg
 1876-1889: Princess Eugenie of Sweden
 1889-1905: Victoria of Baden
 1905-1920: Princess Margaret of Connaught
 1920-1930: Victoria of Baden

References

 Nordisk familjebok / 1800-talsutgåvan. 17. V - Väring /
 Bergström, Carin: Sophia Albertina : 1753-1829 : självständig prinsessa / Carin Bergström. Stockholm Atlantis 2011 ,
 Frivilligt socialt arbete – ursprunget till den moderna socialpolitiken av Erik Lindberg
 Joseph Müller:Fattigvården i Stockholm från äldre till nyare tid /

Charities based in Sweden
Social welfare charities
1819 establishments in Sweden
1934 disestablishments in Sweden
Great Depression in Sweden
Women's organizations based in Sweden


title: Howard C. Cutler

text:
Howard C. Cutler is an American writer and psychiatrist who practices in Phoenix, Arizona. He is an expert in the science of human happiness, and co-wrote The Art of Happiness with the 14th Dalai Lama. Cutler has been interviewed by Time and O, The Oprah Magazine, as well as hundreds of radio and television programs. He has also spoken to audiences and offered courses/workshops to aid in happiness in the United States and around the World.

Books
Cutler's most famous work is The Art of Happiness. Written with the 14th Dalai Lama, the first volume was on The New York Times Best Seller list for 97 weeks. The psychiatrist and Tibetan spiritual leader duo went on to write two more books together, The Art of Happiness at Work and The Art of Happiness in a Troubled World. Their books have been translated into 50 languages. Cutler is working on another book with the Dalai Lama.

References

Living people
American non-fiction writers
Year of birth missing (living people)
Place of birth missing (living people)


title: Athletics at the 2001 Summer Universiade – Women's pole vault

text:
The women's pole vault event at the 2001 Summer Universiade was held at the Workers Stadium in Beijing, China on 29 August.

Results

References

Athletics at the 2001 Summer Universiade
2001 in women's athletics
2001


title: Svetlana Tsys

text:
Svetlana Tsys (; born 1988) is a German beauty pageant titleholder crowned Miss Germany 2007.

Early life
Svetlana Tsys is the daughter of German Russian parents. She speaks German, English, and Russian.

Pageant experiences

Miss Berlin 2003
Svetlana Tsys was crowned as Miss Berlin at the age of 14 years.  She had to return the crown at the time when it was found that she had not yet reached the compulsory minimum age of 16.

Miss Germany 2007
Svetlana Tsys was crowned as Miss Germany 2007 in Hurghada on 26 January 2007.

References

External links
Official Website

1988 births
Living people
Models from Berlin
German people of Russian descent
German beauty pageant winners
Miss International 2007 delegates


title: Emrah Tuncel

text:
Emrah Tuncel (born 14 September 1987) is a Turkish footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Adana 1954.

References

External links

1987 births
Living people
Turkish men's footballers
Malatyaspor footballers
Boluspor footballers
Adana Demirspor footballers
Tarsus İdman Yurdu footballers
Akhisarspor footballers
Şanlıurfaspor footballers
MKE Ankaragücü footballers
Manisaspor footballers
Kahramanmaraşspor footballers
Süper Lig players
TFF First League players
TFF Second League players
Men's association football goalkeepers
Turkey men's under-21 international footballers
Sportspeople from Malatya


title: Coles, Mississippi

text:
Coles is an unincorporated community located in Amite County, Mississippi, United States. Coles is approximately  north of Gloster on Mississippi Highway 33 and a part of the McComb, Mississippi Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Coles has a zip code that is 39633.

References

Unincorporated communities in Amite County, Mississippi
Unincorporated communities in Mississippi
McComb micropolitan area


title: Imperial Village

text:
The imperial villages (Reichsdörfer, singular Reichsdorf) were the smallest component entities of the Holy Roman Empire. They possessed imperial immediacy, having no lord but the Emperor, but were not estates. They were unencircled and did not have representation in the Imperial Diet. In all these respects they were similar to the Imperial Knights. The inhabitants of imperial villages were free men.

Imperial villages
The imperial villages—relics of the royal demesne during the era of the Hohenstaufen—were all located in southern and western Germany and in Alsace. Originally there were 120 villages, but this number was greatly reduced during the early modern period. At the Peace of Westphalia in 1648, forty imperial villages in Alsace passed to France. In this Alsatian group were several even smaller entities known as imperial hamlets (Reichsweiler).

At the time of the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss, the final Imperial reform in 1803, only five imperial villages remained: Gochsheim, Sennfeld, Holzhausen, Soden and Sulzbach. Holzhausen was a condominium village, two thirds of which was immediate to the Emperor and the remaining third subject to various landlords. In addition, the Free Men of the Leutkircher Heath in the Allgäu constituted a free peasant republic often counted among the imperial villages. Although constitutionally the smallest entities of the Empire, the size of an imperial village varied. Territory of the Free Men of the Leutkircher Heath surrounded the Imperial City of Leutkirch on three sides and its area was nearly four times as large.

These villages had preserved their rights of justice and their free status for centuries without force of arms, a "testimony to the progressive 'juridification' of the Reich".

Imperial valley
The imperial valley (Reichstal) of the Harmersbach was an immediate territory in the Harmersbach river valley of the Black Forest near the Kinzig, which existed in the late 17th and 18th centuries. Politically, it possessed a similar structure to the Free Men of the Leutkircher Heath, yet was the only officially designated Reichstal in the Empire. The Reichstal was approached from the Free Imperial City of Zell am Harmersbach at the mouth of the valley. Although medieval leases placed the Reichstal under the legal power of Zell, disputes finally led the Emperor Leopold I to dissolve the contract in 1689, and the valley's complete immediacy to the Emperor was recognized in 1718. The Reichstal was annexed by Baden in 1806.

Imperial hamlets
Imperial hamlets (Reichsweiler) included Gebolsheim.

Imperial farmsteads
Imperial farmsteads (Reichshöfe) included Lustenau.

See also
List of Imperial Villages

Notes

Sources

Law of the Holy Roman Empire

Types of village


title: HSM-49

text:
Helicopter Maritime Strike Squadron 49 (HSM-49) is a United States Navy Maritime Strike helicopter squadron based Naval Air Station North Island, California.

The Scorpions of HSM-49 are an operational fleet squadron based at NAS North Island.  Their tailcode is TX and their radio callsign is "Red Stinger".  The squadron provides combat-ready pilots, aircrewmen, technicians, and aircraft to Pacific Fleet warships.  The squadron operates the MH-60R Seahawk helicopter.

History

HSM-49 was redesignated on 1 April 2015, formerly being Helicopter Anti-Submarine Squadron Light 49 (HSL-49). HSL-49 was established on 23 March 1990 as the U.S. Navy transitioned the Helicopter Anti-Submarine Light community from the SH-2 Seasprite to the SH-60B Seahawk.  The Scorpions first deployed in November 1990 with Detachment 1 embarked in .

The squadron - then and now - deploys its personnel and aircraft in an expeditionary model.  Detachments are led by an Officer-in-Charge, normally a Lieutenant Commander, and typically deploy with one or two helicopters, and a complement of pilots, Naval Aircrewmen, mechanics and technicians.

Detachments embark Arleigh Burke class destroyers and Ticonderoga class cruisers in support of Carrier Strike Groups (CSG), Surface Action Groups (SAG), or independent deployed operations.  Recent deployed detachments have engaged in missions ranging from Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF), counter-piracy, Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief (HA/DR), and Counter-Illicit Trafficking.

Aircraft
Crews from HSM-49 operate the MH−60R Seahawk, a helicopter manufactured by Sikorsky Aircraft and equipped with two front-drive T700−GE−401C turboshaft engines manufactured by the General Electric Company.  The helicopter has fixed landing gear, an external cargo hook, a rescue hoist, and bomb racks for carrying and launching external stores.  In addition, it is equipped with a sonobuoy launch system, a Helicopter In−Flight Refueling (HIFR) system, and the necessary avionics and instrumentation for instrument flight and mission accomplishment.  The helicopter can operate from a variety of naval ships.

HSM-49 transitioned from the SH-60B to the MH-60R variant of the Seahawk in the spring of 2015.

Mission
The MH-60R is designed to combine the features of the legacy SH-60B and SH-60F airframes. The aircraft includes an Aircraft Survivability Equipment (ASE) package, FLIR, multi-mode radar/IFF interrogator, airborne fleet data link, and a more advanced airborne active sonar. It is not equipped with the Magnetic Anomaly Detection (MAD) that the SH-60B employed. Pilot instrumentation is provided by a glass cockpit, using digital monitors instead of dials and gauges.

Primary Missions
In an Anti-Submarine Warfare (ASW) role, Scorpion aircrews use radar, Electronic Support Measures (ESM), sonobuoys, and ship sensors to localize, classify, track, and if necessary attack when a submarine has been detected.  Aircraft can be equipped with various different torpedoes for the mission.

In an Anti-Surface Warfare (ASuW) role, Scorpion aircrews observe, identify, and localize threat platforms using radar, ESM, and FLIR.  When a suspected threat is detected, data can be provided to the parent ship for surface−to−surface weapon engagement.  Aircraft equipped with Hellfire missiles (AGM-114) may conduct independent or coordinated attacks.  The MH-60R can also be equipped with the GAU-21 (.50 caliber) and M240D (7.62 mm) crew served machine guns.

Other enhanced capabilities include an ASE package, FLIR, multi-mode radar/IFF interrogator, airborne fleet data link, and an advanced airborne active sonar.

Secondary Missions
Vertical Replenishment - In the VERTREP mission, the aircraft is able to transfer material between ships, or between ship and shore.

Search and Rescue - In the SAR mission, the aircraft is designed to search for and locate a particular target/object/ship or plane and to rescue personnel using the rescue hoist.

Medical Evacuation - In the MEDEVAC mission, the aircraft provides for the medical evacuation of patients.

Communications Relay - In the COMREL mission, the aircraft relays communications between units.

Naval Surface Fire Support - In the NSFS mission, the aircraft provides a platform for spotting and controlling naval gunfire from surface ships.

Unit awards

See also
Naval aviation
List of United States Navy aircraft designations (pre-1962) / List of US Naval aircraft
United States Naval Aviator
List of United States Navy ratings
Military aviation
List of United States Navy aircraft squadrons
List of Inactive United States Navy aircraft squadrons

References

NATOPS Flight Manual Navy Model SH-60B Helicopter, A1-H60BB-NFM-000, 1 June 2012.  (Unclassified, for official use (FOUO) or administrative, or operational purposes only.  Requests for the document shall be referred to the Commander, Naval Air Systems Command (PMA-299), 47123 Buse Road, Bldg 2272, Patuxent River, MD, 20670-1547.)
Naval Historical Center Website for HSL Squadron Insignia

External links
HSL-49 Scorpions Website
HSL-49 Scorpions Past and Present Facebook page

Military units and formations in California
Helicopter anti-submarine squadrons of the United States Navy


title: Vladislav Kamenev

text:
Vladislav Dmitriyevich Kamenev (, born 12 August 1996) is a Russian professional ice hockey forward. He is currently playing with HC CSKA Moscow of the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL). Kamenev was originally selected by the Nashville Predators in the second round (42nd overall) of the 2014 NHL Entry Draft.

Playing career

Metalurg Magnitogorsk
Kamenev played as a youth and later made his Kontinental Hockey League (KHL) debut playing with Metallurg Magnitogorsk during the 2013–14 KHL season. He was selected by the Nashville Predators in the second round, 42nd overall, of the 2014 NHL Entry Draft.

At the conclusion of his first full KHL season in 2014–15 with Magnitogorsk, Kamenev opted to pursue his NHL ambitions, in agreeing to a three-year entry-level contract with the Nashville Predators on 10 July 2015.

Nashville Predators
In the 2016–17 season, Kamenev made his NHL debut on 6 January 2017, against the Florida Panthers, after being recalled by the Predators from the Milwaukee Admirals. During an interview, Kamenev recalled being at the Florida airport just about an hour before the Fort Lauderdale airport shooting, as he was travelling to reach the team after playing a game in California with the Admirals. He appeared in 2 scoreless games with the Predators before he was returned to play out the remainder of the campaign with the Admirals, collecting 21 goals and 51 points in 70 games.

He was assigned to continue in his third season with the Milwaukee Admirals to start the 2017–18 season. Kamenev increased his scoring pace with 8 points in 10 games with the Admirals before he was dealt by the Predators, alongside Samuel Girard and a 2018 second round pick, in a three-team trade to the Colorado Avalanche, including Matt Duchene and Kyle Turris from the Ottawa Senators on 5 November 2017.

Colorado Avalanche
With the Avalanche embarking on a Global Series in Sweden, he was to continue in the AHL with affiliate, the San Antonio Rampage. He compiled 4 assists in as many games with the Rampage before he was recalled to Colorado on 14 November 2017. On 16 November 2017, Kamenev made his Avalanche debut against the Washington Capitals, centering a line between Sven Andrighetto and Nail Yakupov. During the second period of an eventual 6–2 victory for the Avalanche, Kamenev left the game as a result of a neutral zone check from Capitals veteran defenseman, Brooks Orpik. He was later diagnosed with a broken forearm and placed indefinitely on the injury reserve list. Kamenev missed 50 games before he returned to health and was sent on a conditioning assignment to the San Antonio Rampage on 10 March 2018. He later returned to the Avalanche and appeared in two further regular season games. He remained on the Avalanche playoff roster however did not feature in their first-round defeat to his former club the Nashville Predators.

During his first pre-season with the Avalanche, Kamenev ended training camp on the injured reserve, before he was reassigned to begin the 2018–19 season with new AHL affiliate the Colorado Eagles. He appeared in 2 games before he was recalled by the Avalanche on 8 October 2018. Kamenev recorded his first NHL point on an assist on a Mark Barberio goal in a 3–2 defeat to the Minnesota Wild on 27 October 2018. Kamenev soon notched his first career NHL goal on 1 November 2018 in a 6–5 loss to the Calgary Flames. Fellow rookie Sheldon Dries also scored his first NHL goal that game, making the pair the first Avalanche rookies to score their first NHL goals in the same game since 27 January 1995. His shorthanded goal was also the first tallied by the Avalanche rookie since Greg Mauldin in 2010. In a bottom six role, Kamenev showed promise within his role with the Avalanche, posting 5 points in 23 games before his season was again thwarted by injury, suffering a season ending shoulder injury against the Tampa Bay Lightning on 8 December 2018.

On 30 July 2019, Kamenev was re-signed by the Avalanche to a one-year contract extension. Approaching his third season within the Avalanche, Kamenev now waiver eligible made the club's opening night roster for the 2019–20 season. With the Avalanche adding significant forward depth in the off-season, Kamenev began the season as a healthy scratch. In a limited fourth-line role, he tallied 1 goal and 8 points in 38 games with the Avalanche before the regular season was paused due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Kamenev was later named in the Avalanche's Return to Play training camp roster, however having earlier contracted coronavirus following the cancellation of the regular season and then followed by the removal of his appendix, he was left of the Avalanche playoff roster due to concerns he would not withstand the post-season pace.

Return to KHL
As a restricted free agent with the Avalanche, Kamenev's KHL rights were traded by Metallurg Magnitogorsk to SKA Saint Petersburg in exchange for Nikolai Prokhorkin on 11 June 2020. With ambitions to play on the Russian Olympic team in 2022, Kamenev in search of a larger role agreed to return to the KHL by signing a two-year contract with SKA Saint Petersburg on 1 September 2020. In his first season with SKA in 2020–21, Kamenev was fairly limited through injury and recorded just 5 goals in 21 regular season games. He notched 4 points in 10 playoff games, unable to help propel SKA past CSKA Moscow in the conference finals.

In the following 2021–22 season, Kamenev was unable to cement a role within SKA, collecting just 1 assist through 7 regular season games. On 15 October 2021, Kamenev was released from his contract and joined rivals CSKA Moscow for the remainder of the season.

Career statistics

Regular season and playoffs

International

Awards and honors

References

External links

1996 births
Living people
Colorado Avalanche players
Colorado Eagles players
HC CSKA Moscow players
Metallurg Magnitogorsk players
Milwaukee Admirals players
Nashville Predators draft picks
Nashville Predators players
Russian ice hockey centres
People from Orsk
San Antonio Rampage players
SKA Saint Petersburg players
Stalnye Lisy players
Sportspeople from Orenburg Oblast


title: Up and Away

text:
Up and Away is the sixth album by the rock band The Kingsmen, released in 1966.

Release and reception

The Kingsmen's sixth album represented a departure from previous efforts with new producers and a revamped line-up.  Barry Curtis had been drafted and Norm Sundholm left to manage his Sunn amplifiers business.  Their respective replacements were J.C. Rieck on keyboards with Kerry Magness and then Pete Borg on bass.  Also new to the team were producers Paul Tannen and Mark Wildey.

The track list features a combination of reliable pop and R&B standards mixed with songs written by group members.  This was the first Kingsmen album not to make the Billboard LP chart
—an indication of the group's waning popularity as musical tastes changed in the mid-60s.

The January 7, 1967 issue of Billboard Magazine reviewed the album:
The "Louie Louie" group has come up with a change of pace package loaded with excitement. They run the gauntlet from the folk-oriented "If I Needed Someone" and "Grass Is Green" to hard rockers "Mustang Sally" and "Shake A Tail Feather." The well balanced and well loaded (14 selections) album can't miss.

Both mono (WDM 675) and stereo (WDS 675) versions were released.  International releases included Canada (Wand 675C) and United Kingdom (Wand WNS 6, different cover). The album was reissued on CD by Sundazed and Bear Family in 1994 with bonus track "Killer Joe".

Track listing
 Trouble – 2:20 (A. Resnick-J. Levine)
 If I Needed Someone – 2:47 (G. Harrison)
 Grass Is Green – 2:18 (D. Peterson-M. Mitchell)
 Tossin' and Turnin' – 2:40 (R. Adams-M. Rene)
 Under My Thumb – 3:02 (Jagger/Richards)
 Wild Thing – 2:38 (Chip Taylor)
 (I Have Found) Another Girl – 2:18 (B. Curtis-D. Peterson)
 Daytime Shadows – 2:14 (L. Easton-P. Tannen-M. Wildey)
 Shake a Tail Feather – 2:13 (O. Hayes-Andre Williams-Verlie Rice)
 Children's Caretaker – 1:31 (Dick Peterson)
 Land of a Thousand Dances – 2:47  (C. Kenner-Fats Domino)
 Mustang Sally – 2:25 (Bonny Rice)
 Little Sally Tease – 2:50 (Jim Valley)
 Hush-a-Bye – 3:25 (D. Pomus-M. Shuman)
 Killer Joe† – 2:18 (Russell-Elgin-Medley)

† CD bonus track.

Musicians and production
Lynn Easton: vocals, saxophone
Mike Mitchell: lead guitar, vocals
Dick Peterson:  drums
J.C. Rieck: keyboards, vocals
Pete Borg: bass guitar
Producers:  Paul Tannen & Mark Wildey
Liner notes:  Mel Shayne (Manager)
Cover design:  Burt Goldblatt
CD producer:  Bob Irwin

References

1966 albums
The Kingsmen albums


title: LZ 18 (L 2)

text:
LZ 18 (Navy designation L 2) was the second Zeppelin airship to be bought by the Imperial German Navy. It caught fire and crashed with the loss of all aboard on 17 October 1913 before entering service.

Design
On 18 January 1913 Admiral Alfred von Tirpitz, Secretary of State of the German Imperial Naval Office, got Kaiser Wilhelm II to agree to a five-year  expansion program of German naval airship strength.  A contract was placed for the first airship on 30 January, one requirement being that the craft should be capable of bombing England.  The design was heavily influenced by the naval architect Felix Pietzker, who was an advisor to the German Admiralty Aviation Department.  Construction started in May.  The length and overall height of the ship were limited by the size of the Navy's airship shed at Fuhlsbüttel, but Pietzker's proposals enabled the diameter of the airship to be increased without increasing  overall height firstly by changing the position of the keel, moving it from outside the main hull structure to within it, and secondly by placing the engine cars closer to the hull. It was powered by four  Maybach C-X engines in two engine cars, each car driving a pair of four-bladed propellers which were mounted either side of the envelope via driveshafts and bevel gears. The ship was controlled from a third gondola mounted in front of the forward engine car.

Operational history

LZ 18 was first flown on 6 September at Friedrichshafen, and following a number of trial flights was flown to Johannisthal on 20 September for naval acceptance trial to begin, the flight of about 700 km (438 mi) taking twelve hours.  The ship's tenth flight was to be an altitude trial and was scheduled for 17 October.  The airship was removed from its shed in the morning but takeoff was delayed because one of the engines would not start.  The delay of two hours while the engine was repaired allowed the morning sun to heat the hydrogen, causing it to expand.  This caused the airship to ascend rapidly to , when horrified observers on the ground saw a flame leap out of the forward engine car, causing the explosion of some of the gasbags.  Halfway to the ground there was a second explosion, and as the wreckage hit the ground further explosions followed as the fuel tanks ignited.  Three survivors were pulled from the blazing wreckage, but two died shortly afterwards and the third died that night in hospital.  In all 28 men died, including  Pietzker, and the new chief of the Admiralty Aviation Department, Korvettenkapitän Behnisch, the successor to Korvettenkapitän Metzing who had been killed in the L 1 on 9 September.  The accident was agreed to have been caused by the rapid ascent leading to venting of hydrogen through the relief valves, which in Zeppelins of the period were placed at the bottom of the bags, without vent trunks to convey any hydrogen let off to the top of the ship.  Some of the vented gas was then sucked into the forward engine car, where it was ignited, the fire then spreading to the gasbags.

Aftermath
The loss of the L 2 occurred six weeks after the loss of the L 1 with most of its crew. The two disasters deprived the Navy of most of its experienced personnel and led to the suspension of the planned expansion program.  The death of Korvettenkapitän Behnisch led to the appointment of Peter Strasser as the new head of the Admiralty Aviation Department.

Specifications

References

Aviation history of Berlin
Zeppelins
Hydrogen airships
1913 in Germany
Aircraft first flown in 1913


title: Pricedale, Mississippi

text:
Pricedale is an unincorporated community located in Pike County, Mississippi, United States. Pricedale is approximately  north of Gloster on Mississippi Highway 44 and a part of the McComb, Mississippi Micropolitan Statistical Area.

References

Unincorporated communities in Pike County, Mississippi
Unincorporated communities in Mississippi
McComb micropolitan area


title: 2014 U.S. National Indoor Tennis Championships – Singles

text:
Kei Nishikori was the defending champion and successfully defended his title, defeating Ivo Karlović in the final, 6–4, 7–6(7–0).

Seeds
The top four seeds receive a bye into the second round.

Draw

Finals

Top half

Bottom half

Qualifying

Seeds

 David Goffin (qualified)
 Denis Kudla (qualified)
 Alex Kuznetsov (qualified)
 Víctor Estrella Burgos (qualifying competition)
 Rajeev Ram (qualified)
 Gastão Elias (qualifying competition)
 Bobby Reynolds (qualifying competition)
 James McGee (qualifying competition)

Qualifiers

Qualifying draw

First qualifier

Second qualifier

Third qualifier

Fourth qualifier

References
 Main Draw
 Qualifying Draw

2014 ATP World Tour
2014 Men's Singles


title: Cyclone Alan

text:
Tropical Cyclone Alan was considered to be one of the worst natural disasters experienced in French Polynesia. The system, first noted as a tropical disturbance on April 17, 1998 east of the Northern Cook Islands, initially moved erratically prior to its designation as Alan upon developing into a tropical cyclone on April 21. The following day, Alan reached its estimated peak intensity with 10-minute maximum sustained wind speeds of , posing several forecasting challenges due to difficulties in establishing its location and intensity. On April 23, Alan appeared to become sheared with the low-level circulation center displaced about  from the nearest atmospheric convection. However, over the next day, after the mid-level trough of low pressure shearing the system moved faster than expected, Alan became better organized. While situated about  west-northwest of the French Polynesian island of Tahiti, the system drifted south-southeastward. Early on April 25, Alan passed near to or over the French Polynesian Society Islands of Maupiti, Bora-Bora, and Raiatea. However, strong wind shear pulled the system apart, with visible imagery confirming the system's degeneration into a depression with a fully exposed low-level circulation. The system affected French Polynesia with high winds and torrential rain, causing several landslides on the Society Islands. The landslides resulted in the collapse of two bridges, and also overturned trees, in turn obstructing roads. Overall, ten people died as a result of the system, while thirty others were injured, with a majority of the casualties a result of landslides. On the islands of Raiatea, Taha'a and Huahine, several churches, schools and clinics were damaged, while water and electricity supplies were cut off. On the islands, around 750 houses were destroyed, with 430 and 150 wrecked on Huahine and Ra'iātea, respectively.

Meteorological history

On April 17, 1998, the Fiji Meteorological Service (FMS) started to monitor the development of a tropical disturbance east of the Northern Cook Islands. Before the FMS initiated advisories on the system on April 19, the system moved erratically; it later developed into a weak depression while it located about  north of Manihiki Atoll in the Northern Cook Islands. Over the next couple of days, the system slowly moved northwards, gradually organizing, with gale-force winds developing in its southern quadrant on April 20. Over the next day, the system developed into a category 1 tropical cyclone on the Australian tropical cyclone intensity scale, before the FMS named the system Alan at 1800 UTC. By this time, the cyclone, located about  east-southeast of Manihiki, started to move westwards. On April 22, the FMS estimated that Alan had reached its peak intensity with 10-minute maximum sustained wind speeds of , just as the system started to pose several forecasting challenges due to difficulties in establishing its location and intensity. Later that day the Naval Pacific Meteorology and Oceanography Center (NPMOC) started to issue warnings on Alan and accidentally assigned it the designation 32P as opposed to 36P, estimating peak 1-minute sustained wind speeds of 85 km/h (50 mph).

On April 23, the system appeared to become sheared, with the low-level circulation center displaced about  from the nearest atmospheric convection. As a result, the FMS reported Alan's weakening into a depression, while the NPMOC subsequently issued their final advisory on the system. Over the next day, as a mid-level trough of low pressure shearing Alan moved faster than expected, the depression became better organized and developed favorable upper-level outflow. As a result, the NPMOC initiated advisories on the system again on April 24, and later that day, the FMS reported that Alan re-intensified into a Category 1 tropical cyclone. While located about  west-northwest of the French Polynesian island of Tahiti, the system moved south-southeastward under the influence of an upper-level anticyclone located to its east. Early on April 25, Alan passed near to or over the French Polynesian Society Islands of Maupiti, Bora-Bora, and Ra'iātea. As the system moved near Bora Bora, a maximum wind gust of  and a pressure observation of  were recorded, indicating the minimal strength of Alan; however, the wind gust was stronger than that expected of similarly intense tropical cyclones. It was later speculated that squalls within Alan's convective feeder band may have been responsible for the stronger wind gusts. On April 25, strong wind shear pulled the system apart, with visible imagery revealing a fully exposed low-level circulation. As a result, the FMS reported that the system weakened into a depression at 1800 UTC that day, while located about  west-northwest of Tahiti. The NPMOC subsequently reissued their final advisory early the next day as the system drifted south-southeastward while located west of Tahiti.

Preparations and impact
Cyclone Alan produced high winds and torrential rain over French Polynesia between April 24 and 25, causing several landslides on the Society Islands, resulting in the collapse of two bridges and obstruction of roads by fallen trees. Damage associated with the system was mainly confined to the Leeward Islands of Bora Bora, Tahaa, Ra'iātea and Huahine, which had all been damaged by Cyclone Osea earlier in the season. Overall, ten people died as a result of the system, while thirty others were injured, with the majority of the casualties occurring due to landslides. On Bora Bora, wind gusts of up to  were reported, while on Tahaa, wind gusts of up to  were reported. On the islands of Ra'iātea, Tahaa and Huahine, several churches, schools and clinics were damaged, while water and electricity supplies were cut off. On the islands, around 750 houses were destroyed, with 430 and 150 wrecked on Huahine and Ra'iātea, respectively.

On Huahine, the extent of the damage, along with a sharp dip on the Uturoa barograph trace, suggested that a tornado may have been spawned in one of Alan's convective bands. In the system's aftermath a, 60-person relief team was deployed from Tahiti to the affected islands to assist with emergency operations. The French President Jacques Chirac and Prime Minister Lionel Jospin both sent messages of support to the Leeward Islands, and in French Polynesia, the system was considered to be one of the worst natural disasters in the islands' history. A few days after Cyclone Alan impacted the islands, Cyclone Bart caused an additional ten deaths and some minor damage to the French territory. During December 1998, the European Community Humanitarian Office responded to a government appeal, providing  for tents, medical aid, food and clothing.

See also
Cyclone Wasa
Cyclone Oli

References

External links

1997–98 South Pacific cyclone season
Tropical cyclones in French Polynesia
1998 in French Polynesia
Category 1 South Pacific cyclones
April 1998 events in Oceania


title: 2014 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group I – play-offs

text:
The play-offs of the 2014 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group I were the final stages of the Group I Zonal Competition involving teams from Asia and Oceania. Using the positions determined in their pools, the seven teams faced off to determine their placing in the 2014 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group I. The top two teams advanced to World Group II play-offs, and the bottom two teams were relegated down to the Asia/Oceania Zone Group II.

Pool results

Promotion play-off
The first placed teams of the two pools were drawn in head-to-head rounds. The winner advanced to the World Group II play-offs.

Thailand vs. Uzbekistan

3rd place play-off
The second placed teams of the two pools were drawn in head-to-head rounds to find third place teams.

Kazakhstan vs. China

Relegation play-off
The last placed teams of the two pools were drawn in head-to-head rounds. The loser was relegated down to Asia/Oceania Zone Group II in 2015.

Indonesia vs. Chinese Taipei

Final placements

  advanced to World Group II play-offs.
  were relegated to Asia/Oceania Group II in 2015.

See also
 Fed Cup structure

References

External links
 Fed Cup website

P1


title: Bernhard von Neher

text:
Karl Josef Bernhard von Neher (16 January 1806, in Biberach an der Riß – 17 January 1886, in Stuttgart) was a German painter.

Life and work
Neher began to study painting in 1822 in Stuttgart, under Johann Heinrich von Dannecker und Philipp Friedrich von Hetsch, but received his primary instruction at the Academy of Fine Arts Munich with Peter von Cornelius. This was followed by four years in Rome, where he cultivated contacts with the Nazarene movement, led by Friedrich Overbeck und Philipp Veit. In 1832, he returned to Munich, where he painted the huge fresco that adorns the arch of the Isartor, depicting the triumphal entry of Emperor Louis after his victory at the Battle of Mühldorf.

In 1836 he was summoned to Weimar, to decorate two rooms of the Grand Ducal Palace with murals. He worked there, off and on, for eleven years. In 1841, he became Director of the Academy of Visual Arts in Leipzig. He was later induced to return to Stuttgart, where he became a Professor at the Royal Art School. He was promoted to Director in 1854, but continued to produce many large oil paintings, mostly on religious subjects.

Arguably, however, his best work involved a series of large glass paintings for stained-glass windows; six for the Stiftskirche, three for the chapel in the Old Castle and one each for the Leonhardskirche, the Greek Chapel in the New Castle and the Johanneskirche.

In 1852, he was awarded the Knight's Cross, First Class of the Order of the Crown (Württemberg), which conferred a title of nobility. In 1878, The Staatsgalerie Stuttgart acquired the frames and designs for his windows. He resigned his position as Director in 1879.

References

Sources
  Ulrike Gauss, Kurt Löcher: Karl Joseph Bernhard von Neher 1806 - 1886 (Katalog u. Einf.), Aquarelle und Zeichnungen, 1971, Biberacher Verlagsdruckerei, Exhibition of 29 August - 3 October 1971

External links

 Bernhard von Neher - Der Maler der Königinnen und Könige
 Matrikeleintrag der Akademie der Bildenden Künste München

1806 births
1886 deaths
People from Biberach an der Riss
German male painters
German stained glass artists and manufacturers
Religious artists
19th-century German painters
19th-century German male artists


title: Sugar battery

text:
A sugar battery is an emerging type of biobattery that is fueled by maltodextrin and facilitated by the enzymatic catalysts.

The sugar battery generates electric current by the oxidation of the glucose unit of maltodextrin. The oxidation of the organic compound produces carbon dioxide and electrical current. 13 types of enzymes are planted in the battery so that the reaction goes to completion and converts most chemical energy into electrical energy. The experimental results have shown that the sugar battery of the same mass can store at least two times, up to ten times electrical energy than the traditional lithium-ion battery can. The sugar battery is expected to be the next general type of mobile electric power source and the possible power source for electric cars. But the sugar battery's output voltage(0.5V) is lower than that of the lithium-ion battery (3.6 V), which causes its electric power (the rate of electrical energy transfer) to be low.

Sony, a Japanese corporation, first published the theory of sugar battery in 2007. A research team led by Dr. Y.H. Percival Zhang at Virginia Tech provided the latest version of it in 2014.

History
Sony, a Japanese corporation, first published the theory of sugar battery in 2007. This type of sugar battery is air-breathing and utilizes the oxygen as the oxidizing agent. The battery achieved expected high energy density and reasonable output voltage. Then the company shifted its researching direction in 2012 to the paper battery, which uses paper as fuel. After 2013, Sony didn't release more information about their research project on the biobattery.

A research team led by Dr. Y.H. Percival Zhang at Virginia Tech started the project of the sugar battery in 2009. The team first focused on the connection with the hydrogen economy. In 2014, they published their research on the sugar battery that utilizes enzymes in oxidization. This type of sugar battery reached a high energy density. The sugar battery was expected to be realized in an application in 3 years.

In 2017, Dr. Y.H. Percival Zhang was arrested by the FBI (has been released in 2019). The federal government accused Dr. Zhang of over twenty counts . Dr. Zhang then resigned from his position at Virginia Tech. Since then, Virginia Tech stopped publishing the result of the sugar battery study.

In 2019, Dr. Zhang was acquitted of 19 counts but found guilty of conspiring to commit federal grant fraud.

Since 2014, Several Chinese universities, including Zhejiang University and Tianjin University, started working on researches on the sugar battery.

Potential benefits
Compared to the currently widely used lithium-ion battery, the sugar battery has potential benefits in many aspects.

Safety
Compared to the traditional lithium-ion battery, sugar battery does not require toxic metals in manufacturing and releases only carbon dioxide gases. The production of the standard lithium-ion battery would require several metals, including but not limited to lead (Pd), Cadmium (Cd), and Chromium (Cr). The leakage of these metals accumulates inside the vegetables and animals that humans depend on and finally reach humans. Besides, overheating may cause the lithium-ion battery to release up to 100 types of harmful gases to the human body. In some instances, the rechargeable lithium-ion battery explodes to cause a physical casualty.

Availability of fuel
The primary fuel of the sugar battery, maltodextrin, can be enzymatically derived from any starch, such as corn and wheat. Therefore, maltodextrin is renewable. In contrast, the primary constructing block of the lithium battery, lithium carbide, is an unrenewable compound that occurs naturally in the earth. To obtain it, manufacturers need to mine, extract, and purify.

Environmental friendliness
The products of oxidation reaction inside the sugar battery are mainly water, carbon dioxide, and recyclable adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Whereas the disposal of lithium batteries produces heavy metals that contaminate the soil. According to the field experiments, several vegetable species extract the heavy metals from soil and store concentrated metals inside. The carbon dioxide produced by the sugar battery does not contribute to the crisis of greenhouse gas, because the sugar battery uses bio-fuel that is carbon-neutral. Since the production of the fuels involves the photosynthesis of plants, which removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, the new greenhouse gas released is counted as a net-zero carbon footprint.

High energy density
The complete oxidation reaction of unit glucose in 15% maltodextrin solution enables the sugar battery to have an energy density of  596 Ah kg−1, which is over twice as high as that of the widely used lithium-ion battery(~270 Ah  kg−1).  In application, this means that the lifetime of the battery increases. Alternatively, the mass and volume of the battery reduce.

Drawbacks
As a newly invented idea, the sugar battery is not well developed yet. It has several drawbacks in the current state.

Relatively low voltage
Though the output voltage of sugar battery (0.5 V) exceeds that of former enzymatic fuel batteries by the use of various enzymatic catalysts, it is still much lower than that of the commonly used lithium-ion battery (3.6 V). That results in low electric power. In application, it means that the sugar battery takes more time to charge the appliance than the lithium-ion battery does.

Water requirement
The production of the fuel of the sugar battery and the reaction inside the sugar battery require water to complete. If the battery is going to be used widely around the world, it will undoubtedly lead to a requirement for a considerable amount of water. Under current conditions, the consequence will be further intensifying the water scarcity.

Design
The design of the sugar battery is based on the theory of the primary cell. The main components of a sugar battery are an anode, a cathode, a membrane, and a synthetic pathway. The oxidation reaction happens in the anode side where the fuel, maltodextrin, is oxidized. Electrons are released from the fuel and go through the wire connected to the cathode, forming a direct electrical current. Electrical appliances are installed between anode and cathode so that the electrical current powers the appliance.

Anode
The redox reaction that produces the electrical current happens in the synthetic pathway, where 13 enzymes, such as glucose 6-phosphate and phosphoglucomutase, act as catalysts (the substance that is both reactant and product). The fuel, maltodextrin, is divided from polymer to monomer and then oxidized into carbon dioxide and hydrogen ions during four reactions. The reactions involve the enzymatic catalysts, but since they act both as reactant and product, the amount of the enzymes does not decrease in the end so that they can keep facilitating the reaction. At the end of the reaction, One glucose unit and a certain amount of water can produce 24 electrons. The electrons then flow to the cathode through the wire, causing an electrical current flowing from cathode to anode.

Synthetic pathway
The synthetic pathway is composed of 13 enzymes to ensure the redox reaction goes into completion (that is, 24 electrons produced per glucose unit). By adding all these catalytic enzymes into the pathway, the overall chemical equation goes as:

C6H10O5 + 7H2O ->24e- + 6CO2 + 24H+

Theoretically, one maltodextrin's glucose unit (C6H10O5) generates 24 electrons, which makes the sugar battery's maximum current density 35% higher than the maximum current density of a similar system based on 2 dehydrogenases. Practically, the researchers at Virginia Tech measures the faraday efficiency (the percent of measured output against theoretical output) of the sugar battery's redox reaction. The outcome was 97.6±3.0% under oxygen-free conditions for the anode compartment, suggesting high efficiency in the electron transmission.

Different from the natural pathway, which utilizes NADP (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate)-dependent enzyme, the synthetic pathway makes use of the other cytosolic enzymes to mediate the reaction. As a result, the sugar battery does not depend on the use of complex organic chemicals (for example, adenosine triphosphate), which are expensive and unstable.

Improvements
The researchers developed the design of the sugar battery from the prototyped enzymatic fuel cells, which use enzymes as catalysts in the redox reaction. Based on the design of regular enzymatic fuel cells, the sugar battery employs several methods to enlarge the effect produced by the enzymes so that the overall efficiency of the battery is improved.

Non-immobilized enzymes
The enzymes in sugar battery are no more fixed to the electrode, nor entrapped in a limited space near the electrode. The enzymes in the sugar battery can move freely in a larger space and retain the enzymatic activity. To sustain high-speed mass transfer, the researchers immobilized vitamin K3 to the electrode. The corresponding experiments suggest that the non-immobilization method helps the sugar battery to reach a higher and more stable energy density level than the regular enzyme fuel cells with immobilized enzymes. Hence, the energy density of the sugar battery increased so that the battery life extended.

Thermo Enzymes
Thermoenzymes, enzymes with high thermostability, are used as the non-immobilized enzymes to ensure stability. In the sugar battery, the thermo enzymes are produced by Escherichia coli, a kind of bacterium. Then the enzymes are purified through heat precipitation method and put into use.

Synthetic catabolic pathway
The oxidation reaction inside the sugar battery happens in a synthetic catabolic pathway, which contains 13 enzymes. This pathway is constructed as air-breathing rather than closed so that the researchers ensure the air pressure inside the battery stable and the oxidation reaction goes into completion. The enzymes act as catalysts so that the total amount of them remains the same. Therefore, the overall reaction consumes only the fuel and water while the enzymes recycle in the system. According to the lab experiments, the sugar battery reaches an electron-transmission efficiency of almost 24 electrons per monomer glucose, which is the basic unit of organic fuels. In comparison, the oxidation reaction in the prototyped enzymatic fuel cells could only generate 2 electrons per glucose unit, resulting in low energy density.

See also
 Lithium-ion battery
 Biobattery
 List of battery types
 Paper battery
 Enzymatic biofuel cell

References

External links
 https://vtnews.vt.edu/articles/2014/01/012213-cals-battery.html
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yYaj2mrsWlc

Virginia Tech
Battery types
Rechargeable batteries


title: Revival (Ukraine)

text:
Revival (, the name can also be translated as Renaissance) is a political party in Ukraine, established in its current form in June 2015. Its predecessor had been founded by Heorhiy Kirpa in 2004.

On 5 June 2015, Revival, not represented in parliament until then, gained 22 of 450 seats in Parliament through a merger with a parliamentary faction of the same name, which was known as Economic Development between February 2014 and March 2015.

In the 2019 Ukrainian parliamentary election the party joined a united party list with the political parties of Opposition Bloc — Party for Peace and Development, Nashi and Trust Deeds. But this combined force did not win any parliamentary seats.

History

Revival
The party was registered at the Ministry of Justice on 15 June 2004 and its chairman was then Minister of Transportation and Communication and director of Ukrzaliznytsia Heorhiy Kirpa. The party supported Viktor Yanukovych during the 2004 Ukrainian presidential election. Kirpa was found dead on 27 December 2004. Early next month the police concluded he had killed himself.

During the 2006 Ukrainian parliamentary elections the party scored 0.96%, finishing 12th out of 45 participants, and did not gain any parliamentary seats. The party did not participate in the 2007 Ukrainian parliamentary elections and the 2012 Ukrainian parliamentary elections it combated in 8 constituencies without winning a seat.

During the 2014 Ukrainian parliamentary elections the party scored 0.19% and again no seats.

Economic development

Original creation
The faction in the Ukrainian parliament Economic Development was created on 27 February 2014 by MP Anatoliy Kinakh who had recently left the Party of Regions faction. The co-leader of the group was elected Vitaliy Khomutynnik.

Initially accounted for 33 deputies, the group included 41 MPs by the end of the seventh parliamentary convocation. Most of them had shortly before been a member of the Party of Regions faction, and many retained their membership within the Party. Kinakh claimed to have created the faction to restart the negotiations with the European Union on the Ukraine–European Union Association Agreement and its Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Agreement.

On its second day the faction with 250 other MPs sign up to join the coalition supporting the Yatsenyuk Government with the Batkivshchyna, UDAR, Svoboda factions and the Sovereign European Ukraine faction and other MPs.

Revived after 2014 parliamentary election

The parliamentary group was revived after the 2014 parliamentary elections in Ukraine. The new leader of the parliamentary group is Vitaliy Khomutynnik. Anatoliy Kinakh had failed to win a seat in the 2014 parliamentary election. In its reincarnation the group has 19 deputies.

Merger
The Economic Development group was dissolved on 5 March 2015 and re-founded as Revival.

On 5 June 2015, Revival's Party Congress decided to make the faction "Revival" in Ukraine's national parliament Verkhovna Rada the parliamentary wing of the party, effectively merging the two. Revival MP Viktor Bondar was elected party chairman. The faction Revival has 22 of the parliaments 450 seats. By the summer of 2015 most representatives of the party in 2014 were members of the Party of Regions.

Post-merger history
The party performed badly in the 2015 Ukrainian local elections, but generally won elections in Kharkiv Oblast. In Kharkiv, Ukraine's second-largest city, Incumbent Mayor Hennadiy Kernes was Revival's mayoral candidate in the Kharkiv mayoral election. Former Prime Minister of Ukraine Yuriy Yekhanurov was the party's candidate for Mayor of Kyiv. In the 2015 Kharkiv mayoral election Kernes was re-elected with 65.8% of the votes. In the Kyiv 2015 local elections Yekhanurov did not survive the first round of Mayoral elections. In the same election  was elected Mayor of Uzhhorod. In total the party won 1,733 seats of the available 158,399 in the local elections.

On January 30, 2019, the party nominated Viktor Bondar for the 2019 presidential election. However, in the elections, Viktor Bondar received 0.12% of the vote, finishing 16th.

On June 2, 2019, the Revival party (Hennadiy Kernes and Vitaliy Khomutynnik) and Trust Deeds (Gennadiy Trukhanov) held a unification congress for general participation in the parliamentary elections. As a result of the congress, on June 7, the Revival party was left by its co-chairman Viktor Bondar "due to the transformation of the Revival project into a project for the revival of the Party of Regions." In the 2019 Ukrainian parliamentary election the party joined a united party list with the political parties of Opposition Bloc — Party for Peace and Development, Nashi and Trust Deeds called Opposition Bloc. In this election this list won 6 single-seat constituencies and its nationwide list won 3.23% of the votes meaning it did not overcome the 5% election barrier.

After the defeat in the 2019 parliamentary elections, many members of the party and its ex-co-chairman Viktor Bondar, having been elected in single-mandate districts, flowed into the For the Future project aimed at supporting President Volodymyr Zelensky.

Hennadiy Kernes, refused to go to the 2020 Ukrainian local elections with Revival and instead created his own political project Kernes Bloc — Successful Kharkiv.

In the 2020 Ukrainian local elections the party gained 3 deputies.

See also
 Politics of Ukraine
 Party of Regions
 Opposition Bloc
 Our Land (Ukraine)
For the Future
Kernes Bloc — Successful Kharkiv

References

External links
Official website

Political parties in Ukraine
Political parties established in 2004
Parliamentary groups in Ukraine
2014 establishments in Ukraine
Parliamentary factions in Ukraine
Russian political parties in Ukraine


title: Sophora howinsula

text:
Sophora howinsula, commonly known as lignum vitae or Lord Howe kowhai, is a flowering plant in the legume family. The specific epithet refers to the island to which the species is endemic.

Description
It is a tree, growing to 10 m, sometimes 15 m, in height. The wood is hard and durable and was used for house stumps and fence posts. The pinnate leaves are 5–10 cm long. The 1.5–2 cm long yellow pea flowers are produced in racemose inflorescences. The 7–12 cm long pods each contain 5–10 smooth, orange-brown, ellipsoidal, 7 mm long seeds. The flowering season is from mid-July to mid-September.

Distribution and habitat
The plant is endemic to Australia’s subtropical Lord Howe Island in the Tasman Sea. It has a locally common, scattered distribution through the island's lowland hills.

References

howinsula
Endemic flora of Lord Howe Island
Fabales of Australia
Plants described in 1917
Taxa named by Walter Oliver


title: 800 metres at the Olympics

text:
The 800 metres at the Summer Olympics has been contested since the first edition of the multi-sport event. The men's 800 m has been present on the Olympic athletics programme since 1896. The women's event was first held in 1928, making it the first distance running event for women. However it was not held again until 1960, since when it has been a permanent fixture. It is the most prestigious 800 m race at elite level. The competition format typically has three rounds: a qualifying round, semi-final stage, and a final between eight runners.

The Olympic records are held by David Rudisha, who ran a world record of 1:40.91 minutes in 2012, and Nadiya Olizarenko, who ran a former world record of 1:53.43 minutes in 1980. Olizarenko's mark is the joint longest-standing women's Olympic record (technically set three days after Ilona Slupianek's shot put record) and the joint second-longest after the men's long jump record by Bob Beamon. Her time remains the second fastest ever for the event. The 800 metres world record has been broken or equalled ten times at the Olympics; the men's record was broken in 1912, 1932, 1968, 1976 and 2012; the women's record was improved in 1928, 1960, 1964, 1976 and 1980.

Four men have won consecutive  800 m Olympic titles: Douglas Lowe (1924/1928), Mal Whitfield (1948/1952), Peter Snell (1960/1964), and Rudisha (2012/2016). Only Caster Semenya (2012/2016) has won the women's title twice, but Maria Mutola, Kelly Holmes and Pamela Jelimo have won gold and reached the podium twice. No athlete of either sex has won more than two medals. Historically, athletes in this event have also been successful at the 1500 metres at the Olympics. Holmes was the last athlete to win both events at the same Olympics in 2004.  2012 1500m gold medalist Taoufik Makhloufi made both podiums without winning gold in 2016.  Alberto Juantorena in 1976 also won the 400 metres gold medal in the same Olympics, only three other men and one woman have been able to get a medal in both events.

The United States is the most successful nation, having won nine gold medals & a total of 24 medals followed by Great Britain with eight gold & 12 medals overall and Kenya with six gold among its 15 medals.

Medal summary

Men

Multiple medalists

Medals by country

Women

Multiple medalists

Medalists by country

 The German total includes teams both competing as Germany and the United Team of Germany, but not East or West Germany.

Intercalated Games
The 1906 Intercalated Games were held in Athens and at the time were officially recognised as part of the Olympic Games series, with the intention being to hold a games in Greece in two-year intervals between the internationally held Olympics. However, this plan never came to fruition and the International Olympic Committee (IOC) later decided not to recognise these games as part of the official Olympic series. Some sports historians continue to treat the results of these games as part of the Olympic canon.

At this event a men's 800 m was held and Paul Pilgrim, a 1904 Olympic gold medalist in the 4-mile team race, won the competition. The reigning 800 m and 1500 metres champion from the 1904 Olympics, James Lightbody, was the runner-up and Britain's Wyndham Halswelle, later the 1908 Olympic champion, was the bronze medalist.

Non-canonical Olympic events
In addition to the main 1900 Olympic men's 800 metres, a handicap competition with thirteen entrants was contested three days after the final. Christian Christensen of Denmark was the winner in a time of 1:52.0 minutes with a 70 m handicap. Howard Hayes and Harvey Lord, both of the United States, filled out the top three, with Hayes recording 1:53.5 mins (45 m handicap) and Lord finishing in 1:54.2 minutes (35 m handicap).

A handicap 880-yard run (804.7 m) competition was held at 1904 Summer Olympics after the 1904 Olympic men's 800 m race. Johannes Runge of Germany won in 1:58.4 minutes with a 10-yard handicap. James Peck of Canada came second  in 1:59.0 minutes with zero handicap and  F. C. Roth, an American schoolboy, was third with a 15-yard headstart.

These events are no longer considered part of the official Olympic history of the 800 metres or the athletics programme in general. Consequently, medals from these competitions have not been assigned to nations on the all-time medal tables.

References
Participation and athlete data
Athletics Men's 800 metres Medalists. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-02-07.
Athletics Women's 800 metres Medalists. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-02-07.
Olympic record progressions
Mallon, Bill (2012). TRACK & FIELD ATHLETICS - OLYMPIC RECORD PROGRESSIONS. Track and Field News. Retrieved on 2014-02-07.
Specific

External links
IAAF 800 metres homepage
Official Olympics website
Olympic athletics records from Track & Field News

Olympics
800 metres


title: Hintonville, Mississippi

text:
Hintonville is an unincorporated community located in Perry County, Mississippi, United States. Hintonville is approximately  north of Beaumont on Mississippi Highway 15 and a part of the Hattiesburg, Mississippi Metropolitan Statistical Area.  Hintonville was named in the late 1800s in honor of Arthur "Manny" Hinton, a local pastor, Husband of Corinne Bush, and father of 25 (born between two (2) wives).  Pastor Hinton was the irect descendant of two brothers who were separated and then sold during slavery: One permitted to retain the family name, "McSwain", the other given the name of the other master, "Hinton"

History
Hintonville is located on the former Gulf, Mobile and Ohio Railroad. Hintonville was formerly home to a train station. A school was in operation for the community at one point prior to closing.
A post office operated under the name Hintonville from 1902 to 1914.

References

Unincorporated communities in Perry County, Mississippi
Unincorporated communities in Mississippi
Hattiesburg metropolitan area


title: Escoheag Hill

text:
Escoheag Hill is a hill off Escoheag Hill Road in West Greenwich, Rhode Island. The hill was the site of the former Pine Top Ski Area.

The ski area opened in the 1965-66 season and had two T-Bar lifts, night skiing, and snowmaking. For a short period in the 1970s, there was also a summertime motorcycle park. The ski area closed around 1980, and the ski lodge burned in the mid-1980s. The area is now part of the Arcadia Management Area.

References

Hills of Rhode Island
Landforms of Washington County, Rhode Island
Ski areas and resorts in Rhode Island
Exeter, Rhode Island
Tourist attractions in Washington County, Rhode Island


title: Oblivious (British TV series)

text:
Oblivious is a hidden camera comedy game show that aired on ITV from 14 July to 24 December 2001 and hosted by Davina McCall. It came back as a one-off special on 4 March 2003 entitled Oblivious Popstars.

References

External links

2001 British television series debuts
2003 British television series endings
2000s British comedy television series
2000s British game shows
English-language television shows
Hidden camera television series
ITV comedy
ITV game shows
Television series by Banijay


title: Marc Rieffel

text:
Marc Aristide Rieffel is a mathematician noted for his fundamental contributions to C*-algebra and quantum group theory. He is currently a professor in the department of mathematics at the University of California, Berkeley.

In 2012, he was selected as one of the inaugural fellows of the American Mathematical Society.

Contributions
Rieffel earned his doctorate from Columbia University in 1963 under Richard Kadison with a dissertation entitled A Characterization of Commutative Group Algebras and Measure Algebras.

Rieffel introduced Morita equivalence as a fundamental notion in noncommutative geometry and as a tool for classifying C*-algebras. For example, in 1981 he showed that if Aθ denotes the noncommutative torus of angle θ, then Aθ and Aη are Morita equivalent if and only if θ and η lie in the same orbit of the action of SL(2, Z) on R by fractional linear transformations. More recently, Rieffel has introduced a noncommutative analogue of Gromov-Hausdorff convergence for compact metric spaces which is motivated by applications to string theory.

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Living people
20th-century American mathematicians
21st-century American mathematicians
Columbia Graduate School of Arts and Sciences alumni
Fellows of the American Mathematical Society
University of California, Berkeley faculty
1937 births