title: Greg Orman

text:
Gregory John Orman (born December 2, 1968) is an American politician, businessman, and entrepreneur. He ran as an independent to represent Kansas in the United States Senate in the 2014 election, earning 42.5 percent of the vote and losing to incumbent U.S. Senator Pat Roberts.

On January 24, 2018, Orman announced he would run again as an independent this time for Kansas governor.  After the major party primaries in August 2018, polling indicated that in a three-way race Orman was at 19 percent, Democrat Laura Kelly at 32 percent and Republican Kris Kobach at 38 percent. Orman suspended his television ads and stopped actively fundraising in mid-September. In the November 6 general election, he received approximately 6.5% of the vote, 1.5% more than the victory margin of Democrat Laura Kelly over Republican Kris Kobach.

Background
Orman was born in Minneapolis, MN, raised in Mankato, Minnesota, and is the second-oldest of six children. His mother, Darlene Gates, was a registered nurse. When he was five his parents divorced. His mother got full custody of the children and later sued her ex-husband for increases in child support payments. His father, Tim, moved to Stanley, Kansas where he co-owned a furniture store. Orman lived with his mother during the school year and with his father during the summer where he worked in his father's warehouse. His mother was a Democrat and his father a Republican. As a young adult, Orman admired Ronald Reagan.

Orman graduated from Mankato East Senior High School in 1987 as co-valedictorian of his class. In 1986, he was the national President of the Boys Nation and met President Reagan at a ceremony in the White House Rose Garden.

Orman graduated magna cum laude from Princeton University in 1991 with a degree in economics and finance. He was a member of the Princeton College Republicans and worked for George H. W. Bush's presidential campaign in 1988. However, in 1992 he supported independent candidate Ross Perot.

Orman currently sits as a member of the board at various charitable organizations and non-profit organizations. The list includes the grassroots political reform organization Unite America, the National Police Foundation which studies the science of policing so as to improve the relationships between police and the communities they serve, and American Public Square at Jewell College which works to improve the tone and quality of public discourse.

Business career
After graduating, Orman worked for consultancy firm McKinsey & Company. At age 23 he founded Environmental Lighting Concepts LLC, which designs and installs energy-efficient lighting systems for commercial and industrial companies. Orman built the business "into a multi-million-dollar enterprise with 120 employees within four years.”

In 1996, Orman was put in charge of KLT Energy Services, a subsidiary of Kansas City Power & Light after it bought a 70 percent stake in Orman’s business. Orman remained at Kansas City Power & Light for six more years and grew KLT Energy Services from less than $100 million in revenues to almost $1 billion before leaving the company in 2002.

Drue Jennings, the CEO of Kansas City Power & Light at the time of their purchase of Environmental Lighting Concepts, referred to Orman as “very disciplined, and very studious, and never just took a flier at something. He had it thought through.”

In 2004, Orman co-founded private equity firm Denali Partners LLC  and is the Managing Member of Exemplar Holdings, LLC. Exemplar Holdings lists six portfolio companies on its website: 1. Combat Brands, a Lenexa, Kansas-based boxing equipment manufacturer; 2. Ripple Glass, a Kansas City-based recycler of glass containers that operates in six states; 3. Exemplar Medical, which focuses on investing in companies that reduce the cost of healthcare; 4. Exemplar Finance, which provides financing for capital equipment projects utilizing energy efficient technology; 5. Dragon Jacket, a manufacturer of a patented, reusable pipe insulation product; and 6. an affordable housing subsidiary that invests in local, affordable housing communities.

On December 28, 2015 Combat Brands LLC, the Orman led company, announced it acquired Kansas City-based Fitness First, Inc. Fitness First, a fitness equipment provider, was consolidated into Combat Brands, but operates under the name Fitness First.  Acquiring Fitness First would help expand Combat's product offerings and grow the company, Orman said in an interview with Kansas City Business Journal. Orman extended employment offers to all Fitness First employees.

In July 2020, according to the Kansas City Business Journal, Orman sold Combat Brands to its employees through an Employee Stock Ownership Plan. Instead of selling to a competitor which would have led to layoffs and moving operations out of Lenexa, KS, Orman said the sale "allowed us to ultimately reward the people who had been so instrumental in helping the business be successful.”  Combat Brands CEO Doug Skeens is also quoted, saying the transfer of ownership to the employees has “boosted morale, employee engagement, and collaboration” and “gives employees financial security.” Skeens referred to it as "the highlight" of his career.

In June,1997 FRM Associates, of which Greg Orman was a partner, purchased a building that houses The Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. The building today is known as "Marquette Plaza." According to Business Wire, "The building went under a multi-year renovation and addition which was completed in 2002. In 2011, the building re-established its 'iconic status' and became the first downtown Minneapolis building to earn LEED Platinum certification. This status, granted by the U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC) is the most prestigious and challenging level of LEED certification to achieve and illustrates the building's transformation and leadership in the greening of downtown."

He has professional and personal ties to former Goldman Sachs director Rajat Gupta, and served as his designated representative on the board of New Silk Route, a private equity fund, from April 2013 until March 2014. When Gupta was convicted of insider trading in 2012, Orman said that "He is a friend of mine, he made a huge mistake, and he's paying the price for it. It shocked me like it shocked a lot of people when it came out that he was charged with those things." According to news reports, Gupta’s conviction was unrelated to any business affiliation with Orman.

Political career
Orman has been unaffiliated with a party since 2010. At various times before that he was registered as a Republican and a Democrat. After a debate in 2014 Orman stated that, "I've tried both parties, and, like most Kansans, I've been disappointed."

Orman has made donations to both Democratic and Republican candidates. In 2006, while he was considering running as a Democrat for the  Senate, he gave $1,000 to Harry Reid and $4,600 to the 2008 presidential campaigns of Barack Obama and Hillary Clinton. Public records also show donations to the Democratic Party, Kansan United States representatives Dennis Moore and  Nancy Boyda, as well as Minnesota Democratic senator Al Franken.

Orman's Republican donations include Todd Akin in 2006 and Scott Brown in 2010.
Orman said the Scott Brown donation was made in part to block the passage of Obamacare because Orman believed that the ACA would not achieve the central goal of decreasing healthcare costs. According to the Associated Press, Orman said, "I thought at the time we were expanding a broken system.” Orman also said that later attempts by Republicans to repeal the law were impractical because Obama remained in office with veto power. The AP quotes Orman saying “It sounds like a hollow political promise they can’t keep.”

Orman was briefly a candidate for the Democratic nomination in the 2008 U.S. Senate election in Kansas, but dropped out before the primary, saying "Whenever you run as a candidate in either party, there are certain constituencies that want you to behave and act and believe certain things. As I evaluated the race and looked at the positions I was going to have to take to get the support that was necessary to win, I just didn't feel comfortable taking those positions."

2014 U.S. Senate election
Orman was an independent candidate in Kansas's 2014 U.S. Senate election. The campaign gathered enough signatures to get on the ballot as a candidate for the general election.

He faced incumbent Republican Senator Pat Roberts in the November general election. Orman was the main rival to Roberts after Democrat Chad Taylor dropped out of the race on September 3 over concerns that he and Orman would split votes from Independent and Democratic voters not breaking for Roberts.

The group Traditional Republicans for Common Sense endorsed Orman on September 3, 2014. This group is composed of approximately 70 former Republican elected officials. Jim Yonally, chairman of the group, stated "We believe Greg Orman is the best qualified candidate for the office of United States senator from Kansas", although some other members of the group expressed their support for Roberts following the announcement. During the campaign, Orman did not appear to receive significant support or help from any politicians or organizations, including Democrats.  After the election, final fundraising reports showed that groups supporting Orman had received $1.5 million from Senate Majority PAC, run by former advisors to Democratic Majority Leader Harry Reid, $1 million from Independent New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg, and donations from GOP donors Peter Ackerman, Greg Penner, Jeffrey Binder and John Burbank.

Because the makeup of the U.S. Senate might have been affected if Orman was elected, NBC News said that Orman could be "the most interesting man in politics" in November. If Orman had been victorious, the U.S. Senate would have had three independent senators for the first time in the chamber's history.

Potential caucus affiliation
Due to the close nature of the 2014 Senate elections, Orman could have played the role of kingmaker in choosing the Senate Majority Leader. He proposed to caucus with whichever party held the majority in the Senate, saying that "it's in the best interests of the voters of Kansas that they have a senator in the majority".

In the event that Orman held the tiebreaking vote in the Senate, he stated that he would ask both parties to commit to issues including immigration and tax reform and caucus with whichever agreed. He said in October 2014 that if, after caucusing with one party for four or five months he found that "they're engaged in the same old partisan politics", he would "absolutely" consider caucusing with the other party to give them the majority instead. He explained: "Ultimately, this is about solving problems. This is about the voters of Kansas saying—the status quo doesn't work anymore."

Orman stated that he voted for Obama in 2008 and voted for Republican nominee Mitt Romney in 2012. In 2010 he founded the Common Sense Coalition to promote the voices of "the sensible middle".

Election results
Although Orman led incumbent Roberts in the polls in early November, Roberts defeated Orman 53% to 43%, with the balance going to another non-major party candidate. Robert's win was coined a "rescue mission" by the Washington Post. According to another Washington Post report, "Roberts spent the better part of September trailing his challenger by as much as 10 points...So, the national party sent in reinforcements and replaced the people at the head of Roberts's campaign. Sarah Palin, Ted Cruz, Rand Paul -- a galaxy of the GOP's top stars -- trotted through what is often described as a flyover state. Bob Dole, on his tour of all 105 counties in Kansas, talked about his friend, Pat. Outside groups poured in nearly $10 million to support Roberts and to oppose Orman. Other outside groups also spent nearly $6 million in negative ads against Roberts."

On April 29, 2015, Lincoln Park Strategies released its PAAR (Percent Above Anticipated Results) report on predicted results versus actual results for the 2014 Senate elections. The report included Greg Orman's independent campaign for the U.S. Senate. The report concluded that "Greg Orman in Kansas had the highest positive PAAR score at 10.8. Although Pat Roberts is back in Washington DC for another six years, Orman was able to drop Roberts an astronomical 12 points below what a Republican candidate was expected to receive in 2014. Governor Sam Brownback and some self-imposed mistakes clearly helped Orman, yet the campaign deserves full accolades for having the second highest PAAR score from both parties."

Political positions
According to Kansas Democratic Party Chairwoman Joan Wagnon, Orman and the Democratic Party have similar views in support of certain gun restrictions, reproductive rights, and other matters. Orman has described himself as "a problem solver, not a partisan" and describes his ideology as "fiscally responsible and socially tolerant". He supports "broad tax reform", is concerned about the impact entitlement spending is having on the federal deficit, and agrees with some of the ideas of former Republican House Budget Committee Chairman Paul Ryan.

Orman has stated that he supports campaign finance reform, by proposing expansion of campaign finance disclosure rules and contribution restrictions. He also supports a constitutional amendment that would overturn the Citizens United decision. Orman has also proposed several reforms to campaign financing, including a ban on political action committees formed by congressional leaders and a ban on PAC donations from lobbyists to candidates.

Orman has declined to indicate whether he would have voted for the Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act. He did say, however, that "we need to relax the Dodd–Frank regulations that relate to community banks and region banks."

Orman indicated in 2014 that he would promote oil and gas development, stating, "I believe that we need to support continued oil and gas development." He also indicated he would support, "promoting fuels like compressed natural gas and liquid natural gas and electric vehicles..."

Orman, a gun owner himself, supports universal background checks on gun sales. In an op-ed with Real Clear Politics Orman wrote, "I am a gun owner, and I certainly don’t want to impede those rights. But I also believe that we can proudly bear our arms and have responsible firearm laws. The safety of our children and citizens doesn’t have to be at odds with gun ownership. It doesn’t have to be mutually exclusive."

In 2014 while running for the U.S. Senate, Orman told the Lawrence Journal-World his views on the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, saying that, "I opposed the ACA (in 2009) because it did nothing to fix a broken system. We had a national crisis in health care before the Affordable Care Act passed, and that crisis still exists today. But instead of playing political games with this issue as Republicans and Democrats in Congress have done, I believe we need to focus on what Washington can actually do to ensure that health care is affordable for all Americans."

He also has stated he supports maintaining or increasing border patrols to reduce the flow of illegal immigrants into the United States. In addition, he supports a path to citizenship for some of the illegal immigrants already in the country.

On abortion, Orman is politically pro-choice.

Orman, is a supporter of term limits, and promised to serve no more than two terms if he was elected to the Senate in 2014. He is also an advocate for Ranked Choice Voting, writing a 2016 op-ed title Why Ranked-Choice Voting Makes Sense. In that editorial he wrote, "Ranked-choice voting effectively allows voters to vote their actual preferences instead of having to vote strategically. This would have a meaningful impact on elections and governing. It would empower independent and third party candidates by eliminating the “wasted vote” argument." "A ranked-choice system would force major party candidates to broaden their appeal to compete for second-choice votes. Candidates could only get elected by appealing to a majority of voters. Negative campaigning would likely decline."

2016 book release
On May 3, 2016, Greg Orman's book A Declaration of Independents, How We Can Break the Two-Party Stranglehold and Restore the American Dream, published through the Greenleaf Book Group, went on sale. In the book Orman described his view on how hyper-partisanship, division and a win-at-all-costs environment in Washington have created a toxic culture of self-interest that has left average Americans behind.

Morton Kondracke praised the book in his 2015 Wall Street Journal book review. He said, "[Orman] argues passionately and convincingly that a third force is necessary to challenge the Republican-Democrat "duopoly" that sustains a status quo of laws, regulations, subsidies and loopholes paid for by special-interest contributions to both parties."

Charles Wheelan, a senior lecturer and policy fellow at the Rockefeller Center at Dartmouth College and contributing writer for U.S. News & World Report wrote in his review, "I hope this will be the first shot in a sustained assault on the broken two-party system. Orman is not a political scientist hunkered down in the Ivory Tower. Nor is he a vapid politician...He's a guy who ran a U.S. Senate campaign that nearly upended the political system."

2018 gubernatorial election
Orman filed to run as an independent in the 2018 Kansas governor's race with state senator John Doll. Doll was formerly a Republican House and then Senate member who changed his registration to independent in 2018 to run as Orman's lieutenant gubernatorial running mate. After submitting more than 10,000 signatures, twice the amount needed to appear on the November general election ballot, an objection was raised and then debated in front of the Kansas Board of Objections. Ultimately, only 323 signatures were deemed ineligible by the state Objections Board and Orman was granted ballot access for the November election. The Objections Board consisted of statewide Republican officials, Attorney General Derek Schmidt,  Governor Jeff Colyer, and Secretary of State, Kris Kobach. All three were represented at the board by their proxies. Colyer and Kobach were candidates for governor, with the latter winning the Republican primary by 343 votes. Colyer's campaign chairman, Steve Baccus, a long time President of Kansas Farm Bureau endorsed Orman after the Republican primary and became a campaign co-chairman for Orman.

Immediately after the major party primaries, polling in a three-way race indicated that Orman was at 19 percent, trailing Democrat Laura Kelly by 13 points and Republican Kris Kobach by 19 points. There was some media attention in the early stages of the general election because additional polling showed Orman outperforming Kelly in a hypothetical head-to-head showdown against Kobach. Polling done by Triton Research and reported on by the Topeka Capital Journal showed Orman would beat Kobach in a head-to-head race by 13 percentage points, while Democrat Kelly was in a dead heat. The race eventually became about which candidate, Orman or Kelly, was more likely to beat Kobach in a three-way race. According to senior staff on the Orman campaign, [despite] “great Orman debate performances, innovative policies, and a compelling message, we just couldn't sell Greg's electability argument. We couldn't get Kansans past the fear of accidentally electing Kobach.”  In polling released by the Docking Institute at Fort Hays State University in October 2018, Orman had a net positive favorability rating and significantly higher name ID than Laura Kelly (75% for Orman and 62% for Kelly). However, a significant number more said they planned to vote for Kelly. Orman suspended active fundraising efforts and elected to stop running TV advertisements in the Kansas City market by Labor Day. He stopped running ads in the rest of the state in mid-September.

In a poll conducted on September 12–13, Orman, at 9% trailed Kobach and Democratic State Senator Laura Kelly, each by about 30 points. By September 18, 2018, dozens of prominent Republicans had endorsed Kelly, including former Governor Bill Graves, former U.S. Senators Sheila Frahm and Nancy Kassebaum, and former Kansas Senate President Dick Bond.

Despite significant calls for Orman to drop out of the Governor's race and support Laura Kelly, he elected to stay in. He described his reasons for doing so in an article published post-election. Among others, Orman wrote, “Because I believe the most important issue facing us as Americans is our destructive and self-perpetuating two-party system, I was not willing to join it in the service of personal advancement.”

Personal life
Orman lives in Fairway, Kansas with his wife Sybil and their two young daughters. He moved to Kansas in 1997, where he was registered as a Republican.

Bibliography
 A Declaration of Independents, How We Can Break the Two-Party Stranglehold and Restore the American Dream

References

External links

1968 births
Candidates in the 2014 United States elections
Candidates in the 2018 United States elections
Kansas Democrats
Kansas Independents
Living people
New Jersey Republicans
People from Mankato, Minnesota
McKinsey & Company people
Politicians from Olathe, Kansas
Princeton University alumni


title: European route E651

text:
European route E 651 is a European B class road in Austria, connecting the cities Altenmarkt im Pongau – Liezen

Route

 Altenmarkt im Pongau
 E57 Liezen

External links
 UN Economic Commission for Europe: Overall Map of E-road Network (2007)
 International E-road network - E651

International E-road network
Roads in Austria


title: The Jack LaLanne Show

text:
The Jack LaLanne Show was an American exercise television show hosted by Jack LaLanne that ran from 1951 to 1985.

Background
Beginning in 1951, the program was broadcast locally on KGO-TV in San Francisco. After it was picked up for national syndication in 1959, it became the longest-running exercise program.

Format
Vincent LoBrutto, in his book, TV in the USA, described LaLanne as "one of early television's great pitchmen", saying that he was "full of charisma and vitality and determined to make everyone look and feel better." He engaged viewers in conversation and used items like rubber cords, chairs, and broomsticks when he needed props for exercises.

LaLanne often used his white German shepherd dog, Happy, in his program. The dog's tricks attracted children to the program, so that LaLanne could say to the children: "You go get Mother or Daddy, Grandmother, Grandfather, whoever is in the house. You go get them, and you make sure they exercise with me."

References

External links

1950s American television series
1960s American television series
1970s American television series
1980s American television series
1951 American television series debuts
1985 American television series endings
Black-and-white American television shows
English-language television shows
Exercise television shows
First-run syndicated television programs in the United States


title: Main Library (University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign)

text:
The Main Library is a historic library on the campus of the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign in Urbana, Illinois. Built in 1924, the library was the third built for the school; it replaced Altgeld Hall, which had become too small for the university's collections. Architect Charles A. Platt designed the Georgian Revival building, one of several on the campus which he designed in the style. The building houses several area libraries, as well as the University Archives and the Rare Book & Manuscript Library. The Main Library is the symbolic face of the University Library, which has the second largest university library collection in the United States.

The library was added to the National Register of Historic Places on August 11, 2000.

History
In 1868, the University of Illinois's first president, John Milton Gregory, personally acquired 644 volumes to establish the library. By 1880, the library housed 12,500 volumes, and by the turn of the century, the collection had grown to 70,000 volumes. The library moved from its previous space in University Hall to the newly-completely completed Library Hall (later renamed Altgeld Hall) in 1897. However, the new building quickly became inadequate for the needs of the quickly-growing student population. In 1912, university president Edmund J. James announced an ambitious plan to expand the collection to one million volumes and to build a new library building. James envisioned a library to rival those at "the great German academic institutions."

By 1909, the university was already considering expanding the campus to the area south of the Main Quad. A plan drawn in 1919 by university professor James M. White imagined a new southern quad anchored by a new library on its western edge. During the economic prosperity that Illinois experienced in the Roaring Twenties, the state legislature committed to funding a major building campaign at the university. In 1923, the University of Illinois hired landscape architect Charles A. Platt to revise the master plan and design new construction. Platt's plan for the campus adopted the Georgian Revival architectural style, which was popular at the time.

Construction on the Main Library began in 1924. The site was previously occupied by tennis courts and the Women's Field. The library was built in three phases. Upon its completion in 1929, the building had a "figure 8" shape with two enclosed courtyards. A bookstack wing abutted the library on its west side.

The library was purposely built away from the center of campus, a break from traditional campus planning, to allow the building to expand. This proved necessary; the library's holdings grew from 649,924 volumes in 1926 to one million volumes in 1935. To accommodate the library's ever-expanding collection, four further additions were added to the bookstack wing between 1939 and 1984. The library's north facade was extended westward in 1962-1964 in the same style as the original construction. To accommodate air conditioning equipment, a basement extension was added to the library's southwest corner in 1966-1968.

To help accommodate an influx in enrollment following World War II, the University of Illinois opened a satellite campus in Galesburg. When the campus closed, its library's 25,000 volumes became the core collection of a new Undergraduate Library at the Urbana-Champaign campus. Originally housed in rooms 123 and 101 in the Main Library, the facility outgrew its space by 1963. A new, separate building for the Undergraduate Library was completed 1969. Located underground between the Main Library and the Morrow Plots, it is connected to the Main Library via a  tunnel.

In 2019, the university announced plans to modify the Main Library by demolishing five of the six bookstack additions on the west side of the building, which will be rebuilt with five stories. The new addition will accommodate interdisciplinary learning spaces, and compact shelving in the new basement will help compensate for the book storage lost by demolishing the stacks. As part of the project, undergraduate services will move to the Main Library from the Undergraduate Library, which the university will remodel to house the library's archives and special collections. Library administration expects construction to begin in 2022 and end in 2026.

Architecture

The Main Library is one of the eleven red brick Georgian Revival buildings designed by Platt as part of his campus master plan. The main (east) facade features a three-bay main entrance with limestone archways and a green slate roof with a series of eleven dormers and four tall chimneys. Although university libraries were typically designed to be monumental focal points on their campuses, Platt instead placed the Main Library in a non-dominant position along the periphery of what would become the South Quad. However, the library's important role in university life is nevertheless expressed by its massive size. Its high arched windows are reminiscent of the Sainte-Geneviève Library and the Boston Public Library.

The Main Library's lobbies, circulation spaces, and second-floor reading room retain their elaborately-detailed historic features. The reading room has 27 stained glass windows showing Renaissance printer's marks, and four Barry Faulkner murals decorate the walls of the central stairwell. The functional spaces and secondary areas of the library interior, which were originally fitted more simply than the public spaces, still retain their original wood trim.

Sculptures
The plaster model of The Pioneers, a bronze sculpture by Lorado Taft, sits in the library's south lobby. Its counterpart in the north lobby is the plaster model of Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet and Alice Cogswell by David Chester French.

Two of the four limestone sculptures that are collectively known as Sons and Daughters of Deucalion and Pyrrha flank the library's east entrance. The other two are positioned nearby, just south of Foellinger Auditorium. All four sculptures, carved by Walter Zimmerman under the direction of Lorado Taft, were displayed at Chicago's 1933 Century of Progress exposition. They were intended for a larger work called Fountain of Creation that Taft had planned for Jackson Park.

A bust of former University of Illinois president Lloyd Morey was installed in the library's east lobby in 1911. It was stolen by a group that dubbed itself the Statue Liberation Society in 1982; the group had previously stolen the bust of Abraham Lincoln from Lincoln Hall. The Morey bust was never recovered. Its alcove, which remains empty, is still engraved with his name.

Divisions

The Main Library houses various University Library departments and branch libraries.

 Central Access Services (CAS)
 History, Philosophy, and Newspaper Library (HPNL)
 Illinois History and Lincoln Collections unit (IHLC)
 International and Area Studies Library (IASL)
 Literatures and Languages Library
 Map Library
 Rare Book and Manuscript Library (RBML)
 Research and Information Services (RIS)
 Scholarly Communications & Publishing
 Social Sciences, Health, and Education Library (SSHEL)
 University Archives

Rare Book & Manuscript Library

The Rare Book & Manuscript Library within the Main Library building is one of the largest special collections repositories in the United States. Its collections, consisting of over half a million volumes and three kilometers of manuscript material, encompass the broad areas of literature, history, art, theology, philosophy, technology and the natural sciences, and include large collections of emblem books, writings of and works about John Milton, and authors' personal papers.

Gallery

References

External links

University Library, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign

University and college buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Illinois
Libraries on the National Register of Historic Places in Illinois
Georgian Revival architecture in Illinois
Library buildings completed in 1929
National Register of Historic Places in Champaign County, Illinois
Buildings and structures of the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
Buildings and structures in Urbana, Illinois


title: 2005 Korean League Cup

text:
The 2005 Korean League Cup, also known as the 2005 Samsung Hauzen Cup, was the 18th competition of the Korean League Cup. It was a League Cup, but was run like a league format in this year. All teams played each other once, playing 12 matches each.

Table

Awards

Source:

See also
2005 in South Korean football
2005 K League
2005 Korean FA Cup

References

External links
Official website
RSSSF

2005
2005
Korean League Cup
Korean League Cup


title: Single Mothers (band)

text:
Single Mothers is a Canadian punk rock band that formed in London, Ontario, and is currently based out of Hamilton, Ontario. Single Mothers broke up in 2009 , and has been playing shows ever since.The band released its debut studio album Negative Qualities in 2014.

History
Canadian Andrew Thomson formed Single Mothers in 2008 after a breakup. The band released two EPs in its early years, Wild Party in 2010 and Single Mothers in 2011, the latter of which was released through Secret Voice — an imprint of Jacob Bannon's Deathwish Inc. founded by Jeremy Bolm of Touché Amoré. Its self-titled EP was promoted with music videos for "Christian Girls" and "Baby". Single Mothers headlined a US tour in June–August 2012 and supported Pianos Become the Teeth and Title Fight in October–November 2012.

Thomson quit Single Mothers in 2011 to mine for gold in Swastika, Ontario. His father noticed that his son was "drinking too much and hanging with the wrong people in [London, Ontario]" and proposed the idea that he should prospect for gold with his extended family instead. Thomson commented: "I was going to go up there for only a couple months, but I ended up loving it and stayed for three years." During his time away from the band, Thomson also started writing and recording some solo material. In 2013, he released a four-song EP titled Honesty is a Confidence Problem through Secret Voice, and a two-song self-titled EP (under the name Drew Thomson) through No Sleep Records in 2014. Though he later returned to Single Mothers, he intends to continue his solo career and mine for gold. Thomson released a new solo EP under his new project 'The Drew Thomson Foundation' in 2018 through Dine Alone Records titled Stay.

In 2013, Thomson reunited with Single Mothers and the band began working on its debut studio album. The members teamed up with producer Joby J. Ford of the punk rock band The Bronx and initially recorded at his own Big Game Lodge Studio in Los Angeles, California, but later recorded in Toronto, London and New York. The band also toured North America in support of Quicksand's reunion tour in January 2013, the UK in support of The Bronx in February 2013, various US dates in March 2013 and the east coast US with A Wilhelm Scream. After two years of work, Single Mothers released its debut studio album Negative Qualities on Hot Charity on October 7, licensing the record in Canada to Dine Alone Records. The band promoted the album with an online stream of the track "Marbles" in August 2014 and a supporting North American tour August–October 2014. A music video for "Half-Lit" released the day after the North American release of the album.  Negative Qualities went on to be nominated for a Juno in Canada. In 2017 the band released their second full length Our Pleasure through Dine Alone Records in North America and Big Scary Monsters in the UK/EU. It was promoted with videos for the tracks 'Leash' and 'People Are Pets'. Single Mothers went on tour supporting Touche Amore in the fall of 2017.

Lyrics
Vocalist Andrew Thomson's lyrics take the stance of an outsider-looking-in and cover topics such as religion, small-town life, drugs, alcohol, sex and relationships, and pretentious people. In his review of "Christian Girls," Ian Cohen of Pitchfork noted several music themes within the one song, commenting: "In the span of 142 seconds, Andrew Thomson projects his frustration onto concepts vast enough to make it a fair fight, but he can't find a single suitable explanation for his inability to get some after tearing down the entire courtship process ('This ain't a date, it's just coffee!'), human vanity ('Jealousy's attention to the ones who can get it/ Something like coming in second') and organized religion ('I thought it's 'cause she's a Christian/ Turns out the girl just wasn't with it')." Thomson's vocal style was influenced by Bear vs. Shark, The Hold Steady, The Replacements, The Streets and Conor Oberst.

Band members
By 2013, Single Mothers had "been through no fewer than 16 members."

Current members
 Andrew Thomson (vocals)
 Peter Landi (drums)
 Riley Simpson (bass)
 Daniel Ormsby (guitar)

Former Members

Guitarists
Brett Chabot
Jesse Gongora
Micheal Peterson
Peter Van Helvoort (touring)
Travis Getty
Luke Bentham (touring)
 Danny Kidd
 Justis Krarr
 Daniel Ormsby

Bassists
Alejandro Correal
Dylan Smith
Evan Redsky
Kyle Holmes
Ross Miller
Dave Nardi (touring)
Riley Simpson

Drummers
Andrew Brown
Matt Bouchard-Friend
Tim Nicodemo
Micheal Peterson
Travis Sharrow
Riley Simpson (touring)
Peter Landi
Ross Chorny (touring)
Ian Romano
Brandon Jagersky

Discography

Studio albums
 Negative Qualities (2014, Hot Charity, Dine Alone)
 Our Pleasure (2017, Dine Alone, Big Scary Monsters)
 Through A Wall (2018, Dine Alone, Big Scary Monsters)
 Everything You Need (2022, Dine Alone)
 Roy (2023, Dine Alone)

EPs
 Wild Party (2010, self-released)
 Single Mothers (2011, Secret Voice)
 Meltdown (2016, self-released, re-released 2017, Dine Alone)
 Bubble (2020, self-released and removed from bandcamp)
 No Idea Head'' (2020, self-released)

Singles
 "East Van Band Van" b/w "Night School" (2017, self-released)
 "Skylight b/w Army Green" (2017, Dine Alone)
 "Metropolis" (2019, Dine Alone)
"Nihilist Headlights" (2019, Dine Alone)
"Head Shrunk / Sad Dumb Game" (2023, Dine Alone)

Music videos
 "Christian Girls" (2012)
 "Baby" (2012)
 "Half-Lit" (2014)
 "Feel Shame/ Patricide" (2015)
 "People are Pets" (2017)
 "Leash" (2017)
"Dog Parks x Switch Off" (2018)
"Tan Line (Like Passing Through A Wall)" (2018)
"Metropolis" (2019)
"Nihilist Headlights" (2019)

References

External links

Single Mothers at Bandcamp
 Official website - http://singlemothersband.com/

2008 establishments in Ontario
Dine Alone Records artists
Musical groups from London, Ontario
Musical groups established in 2008


title: Suguru Iwazaki

text:
is a Japanese Nippon Professional Baseball pitcher for the Hanshin Tigers in Japan's Central League.

Iwazaki is a 6-foot tall left-handed pitcher, and wears jersey No. 13. His surname is often misread as "Iwasaki" rather than "Iwazaki".

Early baseball career

Suguru is a native of Shimizu, Shizuoka. During his younger years, his mother who was an active member of the local softball team, assigned him to assist in picking up balls during her teams' practices. This eventually led to his interest in baseball.

He joined the school's softball team when he entered Shimizu Municipal Junior High School. Even though he entered Shimizu Higashi High School which is a school known for producing notable football players, he still declared his wish to join its baseball team.

He entered Kokushi University and participated in the Tohto University Baseball League, mostly as a relief pitcher up to his second year. He recorded an overall ERA of 0.94 during his 3rd year, the League's second best. For his senior's thesis, he broke down the advantages and disadvantages of left and right-handed pitchers.

Despite his coach's recommendations for him to play in the industrial leagues after graduation, he still opted to join the 2013 NPB draft.。

Hanshin Tigers
Iwazaki was the Hanshin Tigers' sixth pick during the 2013 autumn draft. The Tigers originally intended to pick only five players during the draft, but upon the advice of Takayoshi Nakao, a scout for the Tigers who has been following Iwazaki since his junior year in Kokushi, they added him to their roster.

2014

He started the March 9 exhibition game with the Yomiuri Giants at Koshien. He pitched in ni-gun (farm) games afterwards. During the March 23 Western League game with the Orix Buffaloes, he pitched 6 scoreless innings, giving up only 1 hit, and earned his first victory.

He debuted as the starting pitcher on the April 2 Dragons match, where he pitched 5 scoreless innings, allowing 3 hits and a walk, while striking out three batters. The Tigers scored 15-0 that day, giving him his first win on his first official match as a starter, the 8th rookie to do so in franchise history. He joined Masahide Higasa (Chunichi, 7th-round draft pick in 1995) as the only pitchers drafted in the sixth round or later to record a victory in their first outing on their first year. Hanshin commemorated this feat by producing 99 serialized photo panels of Iwazaki that went on sale from April 8 for 16,200 yen (Hanshin rookie goods normally sell below 10,000 yen). He was given the 100th panel with serial number 67 – his jersey number.

He won another game against the Dragons on April 24. He formed a battery with fellow rookie Ryutaro Umeno on May 7, the first time since both rookies Yuya Ando and Ryo Asai started an official game in 2002. But he earned his first loss that day when he gave up 6 runs, and the Tigers lost 0–7 to the Dragons. He went for five more starts without securing a win until July 5, where he pitched 131 throws with Umeno in 7 shutout innings against the Baystars. This was the first time in 31 years that a Hanshin rookie battery won an official game since rookies Susumu Mikoshiba and Katsuhiko Kido did so in 1983.

After a bad outing with Hiroshima, he was removed from the register on July 26 and spent about a month in the farms. He returned on September 4, and recorded his first home victory at Koshien against the Baystars. He again won on his next outing against the Swallows at Meiji Jingu Stadium.

He finished the season with 5 wins and 4 losses, with an ERA of 3.50. With this, he became the first Hanshin rookie drafted as 6th pick to record 5 wins in his first year and season.

On November 21, he was given a raise of 8.4 million yen for an annual salary of 15 million yen for the 2015 season.

2015

He started the season as part of the starting rotation, but after a few rocky starts and failing to record a win in 7 games, he was sent back to the farm to improve his pitch control. He continued to appear in the Western League games, and on July 12, he earned a complete victory against Orix when only gave up 1 run in 9 innings. He was called back to the main squad and took the mound on August 9 against the Baystars to record his first win of the season. He won his next two starts, and had more quality starts in September but failed to record the win due to lack of early run support. He finished the season at 3-10 with a 3.51 ERA in 15 outings. He also pitched in relief during the 1st stage of the post-season playoffs. Despite his loss record, he earned a 5 million yen annual pay raise, bringing his total salary for the next year to 20 million yen .

2016

He spent the first few months in the farm as he suffered from back problems. He took the mound on May 21 against the Carps, and made it to August with 18 starts (3-5). But as the bullpen started to lose left-handed relievers due to injuries, Iwazaki was tasked to pitch in relief from September until the season ended. As he seemed to have adjusted to the role with ease, management decided post-season to permanently switch him as a middle reliever.

2017

He started the season as a mainstay reliever, and together with Kentaro Kuwahara, Akifumi Takahashi and Marcos Mateo, they served as the setup men for the team's main closer Rafael Dolis. Except for one pitching blip on September 18 where he left the mound after walking 2 consecutive batters without getting a single out which ultimately cost the game, he pitched in 66 solid outings (2nd most in the team) and finished the season with 4 wins, 1 loss, 15 holds and a 2.39 ERA. Together with Kuwahara, Takahashi, Mateo and Doris, they made the Tigers become the first team in NPB history to have five pitchers reach sixty or more appearances in the same season.  With this, he received a 20 million yen pay raise post-season, bringing his annual salary to 45 million yen.

2018

Even though their bullpen was short of southpaw starters, Hanshin still opted to use Iwazaki mainly as a reliever throughout the season. He fared slightly worse than 2017 and finished 1-3 with 10 holds and a lower ERA of 4.94. In spite of this, he received a 5 million raise and brought his annual pay to 50 million yen.

2019

Despite suffering from left elbow pain early in the season, he brought his A-game in all his outings starting April 12. He was however removed from the roster on May 4 when he contracted Influenza A. To make things worse, he also suffered from lower back pain so he did not return to the mound until June 19. Afterwards, he continued to pitch well, and was assigned more play time when Dolis went into a slump in July. From July 26 to August 24, he did not give up a single run in all of his 14 appearances. When the Tigers and Carps were battling for 3rd in the last few games of the season, he also went all out to notch 0.64 ERA in 13 consecutive games which proved instrumental in Hanshin's advance into the rankings and post-season playoffs. Despite having less outings compared to 2018, he finished stronger with 3 wins, no losses, 26 holds and a personal best of 1.01 ERA. He was particularly effective against the Baystars lineup where no one managed to score a run against him in all of his 10 outings with them. With his excellent performance in the playoffs taken into account, he received a 30 million pay raise bringing his annual salary to 80 million yen, and making this his 6th consecutive year to receive a pay raise.

2020

He injured his right foot during spring training and was not scheduled to be with the main squad for the season opener. But due to the season being delayed by the Covid-19 pandemic, he recovered in time to pitch in relief on his 29th birthday during the opening card with the Giants (June 19), which he unfortunately lost after giving up 2 runs. He redeemed himself in July when he notched a 0.84 ERA in 11 outings, but experienced tightness in his left elbow that inevitably got him sent back to the farms later that month. He returned and had a couple of bad outings in August, but pitched 18 consecutive scoreless outings all the way until the end of October. He also experienced being a closer for the first time on September 3 to give the main closer Suarez a break, and earned his first career save when he maintained the 1-point lead against the Swallows in Koshien. He finished 5-2 with 17 holds and 2 saves in 41 outings, and a 1.82 ERA. With this performance, he once more earned a 15 million raise which brought his annual salary to 95 million yen, and made this his 7th consecutive year to receive a pay raise.

Pitching style
With a three-quarters delivery, his fastest pitch was clocked at . With almost exactly the same form, he can throw fastballs, breaking balls such as sliders and curves, and forkballs for changeups. His unique delivery makes it difficult for the batters to assess the origin of the pitch, and his balls to have a later release point. Upon seeing him pitch for the first time, 2nd squad manager Takashi Yamaguchi and pitching coach Katsuo Hirata praised his abilities and compared him to fellow lefty Yoshihisa Naruse of the Chiba Lotte Marines who was also a 6th pick in the rookie draft.

Personal Trivia
When Iwazaki was in grade school, his father wanted to prioritize the proper development of his shoulders so he was made to join the swimming club. He practiced all types of swimming styles that enabled him to train his legs, and at the same time, improved the flexibility of his arms and shoulders. Breaststroke was his forte.

He entered the 2013 draft but did not expect to be picked by any team because very few scouts came to check out his games. So after watching the first few rounds of the draft, he turned the TV off and just played computer games in his room. When a high school friend called to congratulate him for being drafted, he thought he was being pranked so he didn't believe it at first.

References

External links

Career statistics - NPB.jp

Living people
1991 births
Hanshin Tigers players
Kokushikan University alumni
Nippon Professional Baseball pitchers
Baseball people from Shizuoka Prefecture
Baseball players at the 2020 Summer Olympics
Olympic baseball players for Japan
Olympic medalists in baseball
Olympic gold medalists for Japan
Medalists at the 2020 Summer Olympics
People from Shimizu, Shizuoka


title: Vilajota (Carabaya)

text:
'Vilajota (possibly from Aymara wila blood, blood-red, quta lake, "red lake") is mountain in the Carabaya mountain range in the Andes of Peru, about  high. It is located in the Puno Region, Carabaya Province, in the southwest of the Ituata District, near the border with the Macusani District. Vilajota lies north of Tocsajota, northeast of a lake named Tocsajota and northwest of Allpajata.

References

Mountains of Peru
Mountains of Puno Region


title: Favorite (steamboat)

text:
Favorite was a small steamboat that was operated on the Coquille River, Coos Bay and on the Siuslaw River,  in the southern Oregon coast region from 1900 to 1918.

Construction
Favorite was built in 1901 at Coquille at the yard of Arthur Ellingson (born 1875).  Favorite was  long, with a beam of  and depth of hold of ,

The overall size of the vessel was 63 gross and 46 net tons.  Favorite had two cabins and could carry about 125 passengers.

Change in ownership
In May 1901, David Perkins and John Moomaw bought out W.R. Panter's interest in the river transportation business, which included the steamers Dispatch and Favorite.  At that time, Favorite had been on the beach having its hull repainted.  Once returned to service, Favorite was expected to be making a run from Coquille City to Bandon and back.  Capt. Panter and his family were reported to be moving to their ranch downriver from Riverton.

Attempted salvage of Welcome
On March 7, 1902, at 12:30 pm while en route to Bandon, the sternwheel steamer Welcome became stranded on the north flats of the Coquille River during a very heavy squall, with the wind blowing at gale strength and a rough sea.  The grounded vessel was immediately spotted by the personnel at the Coquille River Life-Saving Station, who boarded the steamer and then passed a line to the steamer Favorite.  Favorite however was not able to haul Welcome off the bank.  This was effected the following night by the life-saving crew with the use of an anchor, hawser, and cables.

Grounding
On November 9, 1907, Favorite grounded on a tide flat just upriver from Bandon.  The sternwheeler Liberty made the trip in its place.

Return and resignation of Captain Willard
On July 23, 1907, it was reported that Capt. Ott Willard would return as master of Favorite, which he had formerly commanded.  On November 12, 1907, Captain Willard gave notice that he would resign as master of Favorite to take charge of a new gasoline-powered boat that he was having built at the yard of Max Timmerman in Coos Bay.  (This was probably Wolverine.)  Once built, Willard intended to place it on the run from Bandon to Coquille under his own command.

Sunk at mooring

On the night of February 5, 1908, while tied to a dock at Coquille, Oregon, Favorite filled up with water and sank.  The next morning there was nothing visible of the steamer except the smokestack rising clear of the water.  The value of the vessel at the time was estimated to have been about $4,500.  At the time, Favorite was owned by the Coquille River Steamboat Company and was run under the command of Captain Ross.  The cause for the sinking was said to be a defective hull, and the vessel was reportedly in need of repair.  The sternwheeler Liberty, which had been running with the Favorite would be the only boat on the run between Bandon and Coquille until Favorite could be raised and repaired, or a new boat brought onto the route.

On February 18, 1908, it was reported that Favorite had been raised.  While the cause of the accident had not been determined by then, it was supposed that somehow the gunwale of the steamer had been caught under the beams supporting wharf floor, and as the river rose, the vessel was trapped and pushed under the water.  Favorite had sunk on a Friday, but with the use of jackscrews, and the aid of the tug Triumph and a scow, by Sunday evening, Favorite had been raised sufficiently high above the water for a fire to be raised in the boiler.  It was estimated that Favorite could be returned to service within a few days after repairs could be effected.

Route in 1908

From August 6, 1908, to March 3, 1910, Favorite was running on the following schedule on the Coquille River set by its owners, the Coquille River Transportation Company: two trips a day running between Bandon and Coquille City, departing from Bandon at 6:45 am, and 1:20 p.m, and departing from Coquille City at 9:15 am and at 4:00 p.m.

This schedule was claimed to allow travellers from Bandon to meet all trains connecting with Marshfield (the former name of Coos Bay).  It also permitted travellers from Marshfield to leave on a Coquille-bound train in the morning and reach Bandon by noon.  Persons from the Coquille river could be picked up by the steamer, transfer at Coquille City on to a Marshfield-bound train, and spend three hours in Marshfield before having to return to Coquille City.

Transfer
In 1908 or 1909, Favorite was transferred to Coos Bay.  On January 20, 1910, it was reported that Favorite would be transferred from service on Coos Bay north to the Siuslaw River where it would be run between Florence and Mapleton, Oregon under the command of Capt. Ludwig Christensen.

In a comprehensive list of the steamboats operating on the Coquille River published November 29, 1915, Favorite was not listed as in being in service.  Favorite was listed on the Merchant Vessel Register for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1915, with its home port shown as Empire, Oregon.

Disposition
Final disposition of Favorite is not known.  The boat was last on the Merchant Vessel Registry for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1918.

See also
Steamboats of the Coquille River

Notes

1900 ships
Steamboats of Oregon
Coos Bay Mosquito Fleet
Steamboats of the Coquille River
Ships built in Oregon
Maritime incidents in 1902
Maritime incidents in 1907
Maritime incidents in 1908
Shipwrecks of the Oregon coast


title: Balvand Rai

text:
Balvand Rai (fl. late 16th to early 17th century) also spelt as Balwand and Rai Balvand, was a poet mystic and rabab player in the court of Guru Arjan.

Biography
He was born a Muslim belonging to the Doom-Mirasi community who embraced Sikh thought during the time of Guru Arjan. Alternative sources describe him as being born into a Bhatt family. He had a brother named Satta Doom. Other sources do not ascribe a brotherly blood relation between Balvand Rai and Satta Doom. Another narrative is that he began playing hymns for the Sikh guru's congregation during the guruship of Guru Angad, a relationship with Sikhs that would continue up til the guruship of Guru Arjan. His three hymns are included in Guru Granth Sahib in Ramkali measure at Amritsar. According to Sikh lore, him and his brother, Satta, became too arrogant and abandoned the guru after a disagreement over funds they requested from the Sikhs. Eventually, they would return to serving the Sikh guru after falling ill and realizing their errors, where they were pardoned for their earlier transgressions. He co-composed this Ballad of Ramkali with his brother, Bhai Satta Doom, whom was a drummer (player of the jori), which includes a total of six hymns. The were motivated to compose these hymns as a means of apology for leaving the service of the guru. The compositions he co-composed with his brother Satta can be found on pages 966–968 of the Guru Granth Sahib under the title of Ramkali ki Vaar Rai Balwand tatta Satte doom akhi. The Sikh guru was greatly impressed by the work and conduct of Balvand, therefore he gave the title of "Rai", which is usually reserved for Brahmin scholars alone. He is said to have died in Lahore during the time of Guru Hargobind (1595–1644) and was buried on the bank of the River Ravi.

See also

 Bhai Mardana
 Babak (Rababi)
 Rababi
 Sikh music

References

Sikh Bhagats


title: Main Library

text:
Main Library may refer to the following libraries:

Main Library (Columbus, Ohio)
Main Library (Erie, Pennsylvania)
Main Library (San Francisco)
Main Library (University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign)


title: Sandrananta River

text:
The Sandrananta River is a river on the east coast of Madagascar.  Its mouth is located on the Matitanana river near the town of Andemaka in the Fitovinany region.

References

Rivers of Madagascar
Rivers of Fitovinany


title: Katsuhiko Saka

text:
is a Japanese professional baseball infielder for the Hanshin Tigers in Japan's Nippon Professional Baseball.

External links

NPB stats

1985 births
Living people
Baseball people from Ibaraki Prefecture
Japanese baseball players
Nippon Professional Baseball infielders
Osaka Kintetsu Buffaloes players
Tohoku Rakuten Golden Eagles players
Hanshin Tigers players


title: John Charlesworth (American football)

text:
John Dudley Charlesworth (October 13, 1902 – September 28, 1962) was an American football player.

Charlesworth enrolled at Yale University and, while there, played on the Yale Bulldogs football team in 1925 and 1927. He was a consensus choice for the 1927 College Football All-America Team.

Charlesworth graduated from Yale in 1929.  He was married and had a son, John D. Charlesworth, Jr.  He worked as a sales executive at the Shatz Painting Company in Manhattan.  In September 1962, he died from a heart attack at his home on East 77th Street after returning home from eating out.

References

1902 births
1962 deaths
American football centers
Yale Bulldogs football players
All-American college football players
Players of American football from Berkshire County, Massachusetts
Clarksburg, Massachusetts


title: Sony α3000

text:
The Sony α3000 (model ILCE-3000) is a DSLR-styled mirrorless camera announced by Sony on 27 August 2013. Sony α3000 comes with a newly developed APS-C Exmor sensor, ISO ranges touches 100–16000, Full HD at 60 fps. This was the first camera introduced in Sony's newly rebranded "ILCE" range.

In Australia, Mexico, Russia, Eastern Europe, the Middle East and Africa it was replaced in March 2014 with the Sony α3500, which is identical but sold with the cheaper Sony E 18-50mm F4-5.6 kit lens.

Features

 Exmor APS HD CMOS sensor with 20.1 effective megapixel resolution
 BIONZ™ image processing engine
 25 Point contrast detection Auto Focus system
 Shutter Speed 1/4000 to 30 Seconds plus Bulb
 Focus Peaking Level Display in different color
 Optional display of grid line for better framing of image
 Option to choose language on the screen
 Manual Focus Assist
 Face priority Tracking
 Digital zoom
 Scene Selection
 Sweep Panorama Mode
 HDR (in camera)

See also
List of Sony E-mount cameras

References

External links
http://www.dpreview.com/products/sony/slrs/sony_a3000

Live-preview digital cameras
Cameras introduced in 2013
α3000


title: Chak, Punjab

text:
Chak sikandar is a village near the city of Chichawatni in the Sahiwal District of Punjab, Pakistan. Chak sikandar is located 35 km away from the historical city of Gujrat . It is known for its proximity to a forest. It is 30 kilometer from the national highway of Pakistan, and only  40 kilometers from the Ravi River, one of the largest rivers in Pakistan.

The vast majority of people living in Chak Sikandar are farmers, with very little education.

References

Populated places in Sahiwal District


title: Nash-Patton Adobe

text:
The Nash-Patton Adobe (also called the Nash Adobe) is a historic house located in Sonoma, California in the United States. The home is listed as a California Historical Landmark.

History

The house was in built in 1847 by Henry A. Green. The property was owned by John H. Nash. That same year, in July, William T. Sherman arrested John H. Nash at the house. Nash was the magistrate of Sonoma during the Bear Flag Revolt, and he refused to step down to allow Lilburn W. Boggs to take over. Sherman took Nash to Monterey to face military governor Colonel Richard B. Mason. After Mason explained the military governor's absolute authority to appoint and remove an alcalde until California achieved its own civilian government. Nash gave up his defiance of Mason's appointment and returned peacefully to Sonoma.

By 1848, the Lewis and Nancy Patton Adler were living in the adobe. Nancy Adler was a survivor of the Donner Party. By 1866, a butcher lived in the house. The attic was used for curing meats. It was restored by Nancy Adler's great-granddaughter, Zolita Bates, in 1931.

Today

The adobe was added to the California Historical Landmarks list on November 5, 1958. In January, 2011, the house was raided for "suspicion of operating a methamphetamine lab". Two months later the house was listed on the real estate market for $1.2 million. It was the second time the house was for sale in the past 100 years.

Architecture

The home is in the Monterey Colonial architecture style. The adobe house is 1000 square feet. It has four rooms. The back of the house has a porch with a lean-to.

References

Adobe buildings and structures in California
California Historical Landmarks
Buildings and structures in Sonoma, California
Houses in Sonoma County, California
Houses completed in 1847
1847 establishments in Alta California


title: 2008 K League Championship

text:
The 2008 K League Championship was the twelfth competition of the K League Championship, and was held to decide the 26th champions of the K League. The top six clubs of the regular season qualified for the championship. The winners of the regular season directly qualified for the final, and second place team qualified for the semi-final. The other four clubs entered the first round, and the winners of the second round advanced to the semi-final. Each match was played as a single match, excluding the final which consisted of two matches. Suwon Samsung Bluewings became the champions by defeating FC Seoul 3–2 on aggregate in the final.

Qualified teams

Bracket

First round

Second round

Semi-final

Final

First leg

Second leg

Suwon Samsung Bluewings won 3–2 on aggregate.

Final table

See also
2008 in South Korean football
2008 K League

References

External links
K League history
Match report at K League

K League Championship
K League
K League