title: James King (priest)

text:
James King (1715–1795) was a Canon of Windsor from 1774 to 1776 and Dean of Raphoe from 1776 to 1795.

Family and early career

He was the only surviving son of Thomas King, of Kirkby Malham, Yorkshire, where the family had lived since Rev. Robert King had arrived there as minister in 1573, in the aftermath of the Rising of the North. He attended Ripon Grammar School with his cousin, Fletcher Norton, and then accompanied Norton to St John’s College, Cambridge, where they matriculated in the summer of 1734. He took his B.A. in 1738 and was ordained to a curacy at Hamerton, Huntingdonshire. Two years later he was ordained priest and the following year took his M.A. and moved to another curacy at Barrow upon Soar in Leicestershire. In 1743 he was appointed by Sir Nathaniel Curzon to the perpetual curacy of St Mary Magdalene's Church, Clitheroe, Lancashire. In 1744 he married his cousin, Anne Walker, of Hungerhill, Yorkshire, and they had a family of five sons and one daughter. At Clitheroe he was known as the "keeper of the football" since, on winter Sundays, he held a football in safe keeping, to prevent the game starting until after Evensong, at which point he would kick it from the church gates.

Later career

In 1770 Fletcher Norton, now a successful lawyer, was elected Speaker of the House of Commons and invited King to be his chaplain and, two years later, to take up the post of vicar of St Mary’s and Holy Trinity in Guildford. In 1774 King resigned his Guildford living when he was appointed to the third stall in St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle, and to the rectory of Dunsfold. In 1776 he exchanged these appointments for the deanery of Raphoe in Ireland, a position that he held until his death.

By this time, his family were intimate with Edmund Burke and King was instrumental in keeping Burke in touch with Irish affairs in the run up to the Catholic Relief Acts of 1778 and 1791 and in the appointment of Lord Fitzwilliam as Lord Lieutenant of Ireland in August 1794. He shared Burke’s long time hope for Catholic emancipation in Ireland, which was dashed by Fitzwilliam’s recall in February 1795, shortly before King’s death

His second son, Captain James King, was a friend and companion of Captain James Cook in his last voyage round the world. His third son, Walker King, was Bishop of Rochester and literary executor of Edmund Burke. His fourth son, Edward King, was Vice-Chancellor of the County Palatine of Lancaster. His youngest son, John King, was Under-Secretary of State at the Home Department from 1792 to 1806 and Secretary to the Treasury in Lord Grenville's administration in 1806.

Legacy
George Vancouver served under King's son on the Discovery during the  third voyage of Captain Cook. He named features of British Columbia after the family: King Island, Dean Channel and Raphoe Point.

In 1967, King's portrait, painted by Sir Joshua Reynolds in 1781, was sold (with a portrait of his son, James, by John Webber) to the National Library of Australia in Canberra by his descendant, Edward Raleigh King, of Los Angeles. A portrait of King's wife, Ann, painted by James Northcote in 1789, was sold by the same descendant to the Huntington Library in Los Angeles.

Notes

1715 births
1795 deaths
Canons of Windsor
Deans of Raphoe
Alumni of St John's College, Cambridge
Chaplains of the House of Commons (UK)


title: Fred Fangyu Wang

text:
Fred Fangyu Wang (; 1913 – October 6, 1997) was a Chinese calligrapher, art collector, and a Professor of Chinese at Yale University and Seton Hall University.

Biography
Wang was born in Beijing in 1913, and emigrated to United States of America in 1945. Fred was an alumnus of the Catholic University in Beijing and Columbia University in New York City. In the 1940s he worked with Henry Courtenay Fenn on Chinese grammar at the Institute of Far Eastern Languages at Yale. He taught Chinese language and literature between 1945 and 1965 at Yale. At Seton Hall University, he was the chairman of the department of Asian studies and founder and curator of the Wang Fangyu Collection of Asian Art. He was also part of the team which developed the first Chinese language teaching computer system. Several books and dictionaries on the Chinese language and calligraphy were written by him.

Wang Fangyu was also a calligrapher in his own right, taking up the art later in life.  His work has been shown in numerous venues including:  E & J Frankel Gallery, 1980 (New York, NY),  Rijksmuseum Voor Volkenkunde, 1981 (Leiden, Netherlands),  Asia Society, 1984, (New York, NY), University of Iowa, 1991, National Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities, 1994 (Stockholm, Sweden) The Newark Museum, 2000 (Newark, New Jersey) Duke University Art Museum, 2002 (Durham, North Carolina).  His work is in the Seton Hall University Permanent Collection.

Wang was also an avid collector of Bada Shanren paintings and calligraphies. During his lifetime, he and his wife Sum Wai (沈慧) amassed the largest private collection of Bada Shanren's art. The Freer Gallery of Art later bought the entire collection from the couple's estate.

When he died, he left behind relatives in mainland China, Taiwan, and the USA.

References

Works

External links
 Institute of Far Eastern Languages, Yale University
Walsh Gallery Collections - includes objects from the Wang Fangyu Collection of Asian Art
Seton Hall University Department of Archives and Special Collections - Wang Fangyu archival materials on deposit here

1913 births
1997 deaths
20th-century Chinese calligraphers
American calligraphers
Artists from Beijing
Yale University faculty
Seton Hall University faculty
Writers from Beijing
20th-century linguists
Seton Hall University
Chinese-American culture
Linguists from China
American art collectors


title: Polk Sisters' House

text:
The Polk Sisters' House is a historic house in Columbia, Tennessee, that was the home of two sisters of U.S. President James K. Polk.

History
The Polk Sisters' House was built in 1818 by Samuel Polk for his oldest daughter Jane Maria Polk Walker, she lived in the home until her eleventh child. Rally Hill would then be constructed for her family. Ophelia Polk Hayes would move into the home after her older sister moved.

Ophelia Polk Hayes was born September, 6 1812 in Maury County, and married Dr. John B. Hayes on September, 25 1829 in Columbia, TN. She died on April 18, 1850. The Hayes family later moved to Mt. Juliet, Tennessee (Wilson County, Tennessee) in 1860.

The Polk Sisters' House is next door to the James K. Polk Home and houses its visitors' center, museum room, and gift shop.

References

Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Tennessee
Houses in Columbia, Tennessee
Federal architecture in Tennessee
Houses completed in 1818
National Register of Historic Places in Maury County, Tennessee
Tennessee Portrait Project


title: Samuel Rees

text:
Samuel Rees (October 3, 1846 – October 24, 1914) was a pioneer businessman and property developer in Los Angeles, California, where he was a member of the City Council and of the Board of Public Works in 1891–92.

Personal

Rees was born on October 3, 1846, in Staffordshire, England, the son of William Rees and Jane Stanton. He received left school early in order to go to work, and at age 21 he emigrated to America. He was married to Lydia Dangerfield of Staffordshire in 1869, and they had seven children, Lillie (Mrs. E.A. Guest), Rosa F. (Mrs. A.I. Smith), Minnie E. (Mrs. F.C. Elliott), Ethel R. (Mrs. Searle), Harry S., Walter N. and Samuel C. His wife was treasurer of a Boyle Heights women's suffrage club in 1896.

He died in Los Angeles on October 24, 1914, after an illness of "several months, ... attributed to liver trouble."

Vocation

Rees began work in America as a clerk for the Pennsylvania Railroad in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, for seven years before settling in Los Angeles, where he was a bookkeeper for a firm of blacksmiths and wheelwrights. He then entered into business with Robert E. Wirsching: They did general blacksmithing and built wagons "in a large shop on Aliso Street." The firm sustained losses of $15,000 in the floods of 1884, but it rebounded and became successful, moving to larger quarters on Los Angeles Street, where it sold "modern agricultural implements."

He became prosperous by buying unimproved land "remote from the business and residential areas of the city," including 17 acres, at $20 an acre, in an area that later became Boyle Heights," where he built his home.

Community

Rees was on both the Los Angeles City Council and the city Board of Public Works in 1891–92. While on those bodies, he was able to increase the size of Hollenbeck Park from the original 3.5-acre gift to about 30 acres.

Rees was a founder of the Hollenbeck Heights Methodist Church. "A clever and caustic rhymester, with a flair for the caustic, Mr. Rees is said to have enlivened numerous council and business meetings with verse about his associates and subjects before the board." He was the author of newspaper articles concerning the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago. He was a Republican, a Mason and a member of the Pioneer Society of Southern California.

In 1909 he joined with others, including Griffith J. Griffith, to work within a Prison Reform League on behalf of a more humane treatment of prisoners, including the abolition of capital punishment.

References

1846 births
1914 deaths
Los Angeles City Council members
Businesspeople from Los Angeles
19th-century American politicians
19th-century American businesspeople


title: John Timlin

text:
John Timlin is a theatre producer, literary agent and was the administrator of the Australian Performing Group in Melbourne.

At the time Timlin was requested to invest in the APG, he ran a business in North Melbourne manufacturing weighbridges.

After locating a desirable venue in Carlton's leafy Drummond St, to serve as a possible new base for the APG, Graeme Blundell approached Timlin for financing the property in 1970. Timlin agreed and took out a three-year lease on the property for $100 a week. The existing structure on the property was built in 1912 to originally serve as a livery, since that time it was rumoured to have been a brothel, a German Club, a boxing ring and a dance hall. But most famously, as declared by the fading sign on the building's turret, it had manufactured prams in the 1920s; prompting the inspiration of the moniker The Pram Factory.

Timlin was to oversee the APG through most of its existence, being described as the group's "organiser, administrator and bagman". Notable APG member Bruce Spence said of him, "He did the things we wouldn't stoop to do. He got us the money that gave us the freedom to do what we creatively wanted. He spoke to the bureaucrats. He was the respectable face fronting all us ratbags just wanting to tear the place apart.". Another prominent APG member, Kerry Dwyer described Timlin as one of the "Irish heavies" in the group who "ran the office from the pub". Throughout his time with the APG, he was involved in a variety of roles for many of the productions, including construction, set design, producing and is credited as a co-creator of the outside production of 'Goodbye Ted' with Jack Hibberd and 'The Dudders' with John Romeril. He was involved in the founding of an APG label, Pram Factory Productions, which co-financed the 1979 film adaptation of Hibberd's 1969 hit Dimboola. The Almost Managing Company, which acted as both literary and actors' agency for people involved with the APG, was another enterprise.

After the demise of the APG in 1981, Timlin continued to work with various ex-members of the group, including producing the musical adaptation of Manning Clark's The History of Australia and many satirical live shows with Max Gillies such as A Night With The Right, The Max Gillies Summit and A Night of National Reconciliation culminating in packaging The Gillies Report for ABC television. He continued his work as director of the Almost Managing Company till its sale to Bryson Investments. In recent years Timlin has delivered much documentation regarding his work in the theatre to various museums and libraries while still working as a literary agent and editor.

Notes

References
Blundell, G. (1997). Australian theatre: backstage with Graeme Blundell. Melbourne: Oxford University Press.
Blundell, G. (2008). The Naked Truth: A Life in Parts. Sydney: Hachette Australia.
Ingleton, S. (n.d.). Australian Theatre History. Retrieved from The Australian Performing Group at the Pram Factory: http://www.pramfactory.com
Oakley, B. (2012). Mug Shots: a memoir. Kent Town: Wakefield Press
Parsons, P. (Ed.). (1995). A Companion to Theatre in Australia. Paddington, NSW, Australia: Currency Press.
Robertson, T.(2001) The Pram Factory: The Australian Performing Group Recollected, Melbourne University Press
Wolf, G. (2011) Make It Australian - The Australian Performing Group, Pram Factory & New Wave Theatre: Currency Press

Australian theatre managers and producers
Literary agents
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)


title: Leckie Broch

text:
Leckie Broch is an iron-age broch located in Stirlingshire, Scotland.

Location
Just above the confluence of two streams with deep gulleys on the southern foothills of the Forth Valley. West of Gargunnock, it can be accessed from the track to Knock-o-Ronald by following the path up the East side of Leckie burn. Recent visitors to the site have stated that it is very overgrown with rhododendrons. On a recent visit (July 2018) the site was found (by B Wilson, University of New England) to be almost entirely inaccessible due to the dense stand of rhododendron.
Clearance of rhododendron in 2020 now makes access much easier. Take the path just east of Saw mill cottage, to the east side of Leckie Burn. Follow the path til you cross the "1878" bridge. Turn right along the "ridge" and the Broch can be seen about 100m ahead.

History
The broch became known to archaeologists in the 1960s. Until the beginning of the 19th century the area was covered in impassible swamps and bogs that prohibited the detailed exploration of the area. The broch was excavated between 1970 and 1978 by archaeologists.

Description
The broch is one of only a handful of brochs found in southern Scotland. Due to the destruction of the walls, it is unknown how high the original broch was. The archaeologists who excavated it believed that it was a hollowed tower type broch with an internal wood structure. The site has several phases and has been dated from the Roman period; this is known because the excavations found several kinds of dating evidence including Roman pottery, glass, coins, and radiocarbon measurements.
 The first phase appears to be a hut under the later broch. A group of sheep bones in a post hole gave a C-14 date of AD 80 ± 70.
 Construction: The broch was built next and Roman Samian pottery, with stamps, puts the construction after AD 79 or 80.
 Inhabitation of the tower for roughly 60 years.
 Destruction of Broch: There was evidence of a fire and sudden collapse of the broch.
 Re-occupation of the broch occurs after the fire and some repairs are undertaken and a roundhouse created.
 The site is fortified but then abandoned.
 A medieval coin was found but it is not thought that anything significant occurred after the site was abandoned in the 2nd century AD.

It has been hypothesized that it was originally a broch but after that was destroyed it was rebuilt as a promontory fort. However, some have questioned if the second phase is in fact a promontory fort.

Archaeological finds
The eight years of archaeological excavations resulted in multiple finds like broochs and armlets. These finds are currently held by The Hunterian Museum and Art Gallery at the University of Glasgow. Pictures of some of these finds can be viewed at the Hunterian website.

See also
 Coldoch Broch, 3 miles to the north

References

External links

 Roman and native British weapons from Leckie Broch

Brochs
Scheduled monuments in Scotland


title: Dimitri Tadić

text:
Dimitri Tadić was a Yugoslav football manager who coached the national teams of both Kuwait and the United Arab Emirates. While coaching UAE at the 1976 Gulf Cup, Tadić suffered a heart attack and was replaced by local coach Jumaa Ghareeb. The team did not win any of their games in the competition.

References

Year of birth missing
Possibly living people
Yugoslav football managers
Serbian expatriate football managers
Kuwait national football team managers
Serbian expatriate sportspeople in Kuwait
Expatriate football managers in Kuwait
United Arab Emirates national football team managers
Serbian expatriate sportspeople in the United Arab Emirates
Expatriate football managers in the United Arab Emirates


title: Frodospira cochleata

text:
Frodospira cochleata is a species of extinct sea snail in the family Lophospiridae.  Fossil specimens from 422.9 and 421.3 million years ago have been found in Sweden at Grogarnsberget, Hemse, and Sandarve kulle, in a hill about a kilometer north of Fardhem Church.  A species of epifaunal filter feeder, it had a slender, turriculate shell consisting of twelve to thirteen whorls.

References

Fossil taxa described in 1884
Extinct gastropods


title: Julian Charrière

text:
Julian Charrière (born 1987) is a French-Swiss conceptual artist currently living and working in Berlin. He utilises a wide range of artistic approaches including photography, performance, sculpture, and video to address concepts relating to time and human's relationship to the natural world.

Early life and education
Charrière was born in Morges, Switzerland to a Swiss father and French mother. He studied art at the École cantonale d’art du Valais in Switzerland before moving to Berlin to finish his degree at the Universität der Künste where he graduated in 2013 from Olafur Eliasson’s Institute of Spatial Experiments.

Career

Charrière’s research-driven practice fuses together art, science, and anthropology, highlighting the tensions resulting from our modern world. Inspired by land artists such as Robert Smithson as well as writers like author J. G. Ballard and philosophers Dehlia Hannah and Timothy Morton, his work contributes to a discussion of social and environmental implications of the advancements which have pushed society forward. These ideas link Charrière to the 19th century Romantic era during which human’s place within the world was reexamined as a response to the industrial revolution and humanist philosophy. Throughout his body of work Charrière experiments with nonconventional materials and methods for the symbolic significance that they carry. Time is an often-used matter as Charrière creates artworks intended to create and exist within their own timeline while commenting on their place within the broader human timescale.

Interested in the concept of fossils as physical markers of time and more specifically what artifacts will be left behind to shape future generations’ interpretations of his era, Charrière has crafted a “geo-archaeology of the future.” Geological specimens being the only form of documentation of Earth's early eons, the artist reinterpreted this idea to create the series Metamorphism wherein electronic waste is molten with artificial lava and transformed into natural-looking rocks, essentially returning the technological devices to the raw materials from which they are made. This project is one of several sculptural series by Charrière using natural and human-made materials which provides a physical commentary on the increasingly digitalized world.

Much of his work has been the result of various expeditions around the world, focusing on locations impacted by humanity. Such locations visited by Charrière include the Semipalatinsk Test Site, a former USSR nuclear test site, and its American equivalent, the Bikini Atoll in the Marshall Islands. Notably from these two voyages came a series of photographs documenting the desolate remnants of the sites developed from analog film exposed to nuclear materials, giving the invisible force of radioactivity a visible presence within the images. Following these voyages Julian Charrière also co-wrote with Nadim Samman - whom he traveled with- As We Used to Float, straddling the genres of travelog and critical essay. Described as: "toggling between a personal account of a sea journey, above and below water, and a critical investigation of postcolonial geography, As We Used to Float develops broader reflections on place and subjectivity".

Charrière has been the recipient of several prestigious awards. He was awarded the Kiefer Hablitzel Award during the Swiss Art Awards in both 2013 and 2015. In 2016 Charrière received the Kaiserring Stipendium für Junge Kunst which resulted in a solo exhibition at the Mönchehaus Museum Goslar in Germany. In 2018 the artist received the Prix Mobilière  which honors young artists addressing particularly socially relevant issues and make up new collective perspectives with their positions; as well as the GASAG Kunstpreis, awarded every two years to outstanding artistic positions at the intersection of art, science, and technology. In 2021 he was nominated for the Prix-Marcel-Duchamp, as well as for the Hans-Purrmann-Prize  and the Prix de la Fondation Choi pour l’art contemporain. In the beginning of 2021 Charrière was invited by the artists-in-labs KAUST-Swiss Residency Exchange for a three-month Artist Residency in Saudi Arabia.

In addition to working as a solo artist, Charrière has collaborated with other artists, being a member of the Berlin-based artist collective, Das Numen. The collective has shown across Europe and has been the recipient of numerous awards. In 2012, Charrière collaborated with the artist Julius von Bismarck on the site-specific performance piece Some Pigeons Are More Equal Than Others for the 13th Venice Architecture Biennale. The two have continued to work together, producing several exhibitions in tandem with one another.

The artist became the subject of international news in March 2017 when Berlin police were called to his studio after the testing of his new piece commenting on peaceful scientific development and the dangers of climate change entitled The Purchase of the South Pole. The three-meter long air cannon was originally meant to shoot coconuts from the Bikini Atoll as a part of the first Antarctic Biennale. Because of its seizure the artwork never made it to Antarctica and currently remains in the custody of the German authorities.

In the course of his invitation to the Antarctic Biennial 2017, the artist developed a new body of work in where he intensively explored the polar regions and their mode of representation in the collective visual memory of the 21st century. This resulted in his most extensive film work at that point, Towards No Earthly Pole, which formed a focal point in the artist's three solo exhibitions of the same name (MASI Lugano, 2019, Aargauer Kunsthaus, 2020, Dallas Museum of Art, 2021). The exhibitions became a journey through the cosmos of the artist, while offering an exploration of the impact of human activity on nature. Charrière uses the two opposing elements of ice and fire to symbolize change and transformation and the contrast between them defines the exhibitions and guides through them. His curiosity and interest in understanding the environment lead him to areas that are global flashpoints for our past, present, and future. A publication is dedicated to the film work Towards No Earthly Pole and places it in a context throughout essays written by leading scholars from the disciplines of philosophy, film research, and art history including Francesca Benini, Amanda Boetzkes, Katherine Brodbeck, Dehlia Hannah, Scott MacKenzie & Anna Westerstahl Stenport, Shane McCorristine, Nadim Samman and Katrin Weilenmann as well as a conversation between the artist and Prof. Dr. Konrad Steffen, Professor of Climate and Cryosphere at ETH Zurich and EPFL.

In 2021 Charrière participated in the Leister Expedition Around North Greenland 2021, a Swiss-Danish expedition. Its primary purpose was to conduct research into climate change in the Arctic. During the expedition the team landed on a 300-meter-long islet, erected by mud and soil, believed to be Oodaaq island, only later to realize they actually had just discovered the northernmost island of Greenland's coast. Charrière, only artist invited to take part in the expedition covered the discovery.

Art market
Charrière has been represented by Sean Kelly Gallery since 2017.

Controversy
In early 2023, French fashion brand Zadig & Voltaire came under fire for a promotional Instagram video featuring a flaming fountain after social media users said it bore a striking resemblance to Charrière's video work And Beneath It All Flows Liquid Fire (2019).

Selected exhibitions
Solo exhibitions

Horizons, Dittrich & Schlechtriem, Berlin, Germany, 2011
On The Sidewalk, I Have Forgotten The Dinosauria Dittrich & Schlechtriem, Berlin, Germany, 2013
We are all Astronauts, Centre Culturel Suisse, Paris, 2014
 Clockwork, (in collaboration with Julius von Bismark) Oben, Vienna, Austria, 2014
Die Welt ist mittelgross, Kunstverein Arnsberg, Germany, 2014
Future Fossil Spaces, Musée cantonal des Beaux-arts de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland, 2014
Somewhere, Rudolph-Scharpf-Galerie, Wilhelm-Hack-Museum, Ludwigshafen, Germany, 2014
Polygon, Galerie Bugada & Cargnel, Paris, France, 2015
Freeze, Memory, Sean Kelly Gallery, New York, 2016
Into the Hollow, Dittrich & Schlechtriem, Berlin, Germany, 2016
For They That Sow the Wind, Parasol unit foundation for contemporary art, London, England, 2016
Julian Charrière, Mönchehaus Museum Goslar, Goslar, Germany, 2016
First Light, Galerie Tschudi, Zuoz, Switzerland, 2016
Pitch Drop, Sies + Höke Galerie, Düsseldorf, Germany, 2016
Desert Now, (in collaboration with Julius von Bismarck and Felix Kiessling) Steve Turner Gallery, Los Angeles, USA, 2016
Objects In Mirror Might Be Closer Than They Appear, (in collaboration with Julius von Bismarck) Villa Bernasconi, Grand-Lancy, Switzerland, 2016
Siempre cuenta cuántos cuentos cuentas, Despacio, San José, Costa Rica, 2016
Das Numen – Meatus, Dittrich & Schlechtriem, Berlin, Germany, 2017
Ever Since We Crawled Out, Galerie Tschudi, Zuoz, Germany, 2017
Julius von Bismarck und Julian Charrière. I’m Afraid I Must Ask You to Leave, with Julius von Bismarck, Kunstpalais Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany, 2018
An Invitation to Disappear, Ben Brown Fine Arts, Hong Kong, China, 2018
GASAG Kunstpreis 2018: Julian Charrière. As We Used to Float, Berlinische Galerie, Berlin, Germany, 2018
An Invitation to Disappear | Giétro 2018 - 1818, Dam of Mauvoisin, Musée de Bagnes, Le Châble, Switzerland, 2018
An Invitation to Disappear, Kunsthalle Mainz, Mainz, Germany, 2018
Twin Earth, with Marguerite Humeau, SALTS, Basel, Switzerland, 2019
All We Ever Wanted Was Everything and Everywhere, MAMbo, Bologna, Italy, 2019
Silent World, Dittrich & Schlechtriem, Berlin, Germany, 2019
Julian Charrière + Julius von Bismarck: I Am Afraid I Must Ask You to Leave, with Julius von Bismarck, Sies + Höke, Düsseldorf, Germany, 2019
Towards No Earthly Pole, MASI Lugano, Lugano, Switzerland, 2019
Towards No Earthly Pole, Sean Kelly Gallery, New York City, USA, 2020
Thickens, pools, flows, rushes, slows, Sies + Höke, Düsseldorf, Germany, 2020
Towards No Earthly Pole, Aargauer Kunsthaus, Aarau, Switzerland, 2020
Towards No Earthly Pole, Dallas Museum of Art, 2021
Soothsayers, DITTRICH & SCHLECHTRIEM, Berlin, Germany, 2021

Group exhibitions

Berlin 2000 - Playing among the Ruins, Museum of Contemporary Art Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan, 2011
Über Lebens Kunst, Haus der Kulturen der Welt, Berlin, Germany, 2011
Without Destination, Reykjavik Art Museum, Reykjavik, Iceland, 2011
Common Ground, 13th International Architecture Exhibition – La Biennale di Venezia, Venice, Italy, 2012
Des Présents Inachevés, Les Modules du Palais de Tokyo at 12th Art Biennale de Lyon, Lyon, France, 2013
move, – align – avid / Vom Schwarm als Prinzip and Phäenomen, Kunstverein Harburger Bahnhof, Hamburg, Germany, 2013
Kochi-Muziris Biennale, Fort Kochi, Kerala, India, 2014
Festival of Future Nows, Neue Nationalgalerie, Berlin, Germany, 2014
One Place Next to Another, Winzavod Center for Contemporary Art, Moscow, Russia, 2014
The Future of Memory, Kunsthalle Wien, Vienna, Austria, 2015
Rare Earth, Thyssen-Bornemisza Art Contemporary, Vienna, Austria, 2015
The Forces Behind The Forms, Galerie Taxispalais, Innsbruck, Austria, 2015
The Forces Behind The Forms, Kunstmuseum Thun, Thun, Switzerland, 2016
The Forces Behind The Forms, Kunstmuseen Krefeld, Museen Haus Lange and Haus Esters, Krefeld, Germany, 2016
Nuit blanche, Villa Médicis, Rome, Italy, 2016
Zeitgeist - Art Da Nova Berlim, Centro Cultural Banco do Brasil, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2016
+ultra. gestaltung schafft wissen, Martin-Gropius-Bau, Berlin, Germany, 2016
Deep Inside, 5th Moscow International Biennale for Young Art, Moscow, Russia, 2016
Hybrid Modus. Hybrid Modus New positions in bio-, living- and digital sculpture, Skulptur Bredelar 2016, Bredelar, Netherlands, 2016
The End of the World, Centro per l’Arte Contemporanea Luigi Pecci, Prato, Italy, 2016
Interractions n°4, Les Abattoirs, FRAC Midi-Pyrénées, Toulouse, France, 2016
No One Belongs Here More Than You, Despacio, San José, Costa Rica, 2016
The Antarctic Biennale, Antarctica, 2017
Viva Arte Viva, 57th Venice Biennale, Venice, Italy, 2017
Le Rêve des formes, Palais de Tokyo, Paris, France, 2017
Produktion. Made in Germany Drei, Sprengel Museum, Hanover, Germany, 2017
Tidalectics, TBA21-Augarten, Vienna, Austria, 2017
De Nature en Sculpture, Villa Datris, Foundation pour la sculpture contemporaine, L’Isle sur la Sorgue, France, 2017
Biotopia, Kunsthalle Mainz, Mainz, Germany, 2017
Entangle / Physics and the Artistic Imagination, Bildmuseet, Umeå University, Sweden, 2018-2019
Beobachtung, Dittrich & Schlechtriem, Berlin, Germany, 2017
57th International Art Exhibition: Viva Arte Viva, La Biennale di Venezia, Arsenale, Venice, Italy, 2017
Notes on our Equilibrium, CAB Art Center, Brussels, Belgium, 2017
Post-Nature, A Museum as an Ecosystem, Taipei Biennial, Taipei Fine Arts Museum, Taipei, Taiwan, 2018
Entangle/Physics and the Artistic Imagination, Bildmuseet Umea, Sweden, 2018
 Adapt to Survive: Notes from the Future, Concrete, Dubai, United Arab Emirates, 2018
Wildnis, Schirn Kunsthalle Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany, 2018
Paradise, Wesport Arts Center, Wesport, USA, 2018
Everything Was Forever, Until It Was No More – 1st Riga Biennial, Former Faculty of Biology of the University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia, 2018
Adapt to Survive: Notes from the Future, Hayward Gallery's HENI Project Space, Southbank Centre, London, UK, 2018
WATER, Queensland Art Gallery of Modern Art, Queensland, Australia, 2019
El cuarto mundo – 14 Bienal de Artes Mediales de Santiago, Museu de Arte Contemporaneo, Santiago, Chile, 2019
Nowness Experiments: The Mesh, K11 Art Foundation, Shanghai, China, 2019
Gaïa, que deviens-tu?, Maison Guerlain, Paris, France, 2019
The Drowned World, Ontario Place Cinesphere; Toronto Biennial of Art, Toronto, Canada, 2019
Tomorrow is the Question, ARoS Aarhus Kunstmuseum, Aarhus, Denmark, 2019
Art Basel ‘With or Without People’, Hong Kong Convention and Exhibition Centre, Wan Chai, China, 2019
La Fabrique du Vivant, Centre Pompidou, Paris, France, 2019
Bon Voyage! Reisen in der Kunst der Gegenwart, Ludwig Forum, Aachen, Germany, 2020
 Potential Worlds 2: Eco-Fiction, Migros Museum für Gegenwartskunst, Zurich, Switzerland, 2020
Tiger in Space, Contemporary Art Museum of Estonia, Tallinn, Estonia, 2020
STUDIO BERLIN, Berghain, Berlin, Germany, 2020
Critical Zones, ZKM - Zentrum für Kunst und Medien, Karlsruhe, Germany, 2020
La collection, Musée Cantonal des Beaux-Arts Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland, 2020
(Un)endliche Ressourcen, Städtische Galerie Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany, 2020
Of Roots and Clouds, Sapporo International Art Festival, Sapporo, Japan, 2020
Angespannte Zustände, Staatsgalerie Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany, 2021
Tonlagen, Hellerau European Centre of The Arts, Dresden, Germany, 2021
Schweizer Skulpturen nach 1945, Aargauer Kunsthaus, Aarau, Switzerland, 2021
Hans-Purrmann-Preis, Kulturhof Flachsgasse, Speyer, Germany 2021
Biocenosis, Art of Change 21, Parc Chanot, Marseille, France 2021
5. Sammlungspräsentation, Philara Collection, Düsseldorf, Germany 2021
Inventing Nature. Pflanzen in der Kunst, Staatliche Kunsthalle Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany 2021
Scratching the Surface, Hamburger Bahnhof, Berlin, Germany  2021
Climate Care - Reimagining Shared Planetary Futures, Vienna Biennial, MAK, Vienna, Austria 2021
ISOLATION – Tree Analysis, Spiegelarche, Roldisleben, Germany, 2021
How Will We Live Together? - The 17th International Architecture Exhibition, Venice, Italy
Guangzhou Image Triennial 2021, Guangdong Museum of Art, Guangdong Province, China 2021
Im Wald, Kunsthaus Grenchen, Grenchen, Switzerland 2021
Prix Marcel Duchamp, Centre Pompidou, Paris, France 2021

References

External links

Julian Charrière: Future Fossil Spaces, Mousse Publishing
Julian Charrière - Polygon, The Green Box
For They That Sow the Wind, Parasol unit for contemporary art
Some Pigeons Are More Equal Than Others, Lars Müler Publishers
Das Numen, Distanz
An Invitation to Disappear, ROMA Publications
As We Used to Float, K. Verlag
Second Suns, Hatje Cantz
Towards No Earthly Pole, Mousse Publishing

1987 births
Swiss contemporary artists
Living people
People from Morges


title: Te Henui Cemetery

text:
Te Henui Cemetery, also known as New Plymouth Cemetery, is the oldest public cemetery in New Plymouth, New Zealand. It was first used in 1861.

The New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage gives a translation of "the great mistake" for .

Description

An ordinance by the Taranaki Provincial Council dated 28 October 1861 set aside  and established the first public burial ground in New Plymouth. The cemetery is the resting ground for the last eight victims of Titokowaru's War. On 13 February 1869, a war party of Ngāti Maniapoto led by Wetere Te Rerenga killed all three men, a woman and three children, and also the Wesleyan missionary John Whiteley who arrived shortly afterwards, at the isolated Pukearuhe Redoubt, some  from New Plymouth. This was the final act of the Taranaki wars. There are two separate monuments at the cemetery that commemorate people who died in the incident.

With the abolition of provincial government in 1876, the cemetery came under the control of the New Plymouth Borough Council. Today, it is controlled by the New Plymouth District Council.

The main entrance to the cemetery is located at the intersection between Watson and Lemon Streets, where memorial gates were installed in 1924 on the request of Alice Honeyfield, a former resident then living in Sydney.

The cemetery contains the Commonwealth war graves of 12 men who served in the First World War, and 19 men who served in the Second World War.

Plots are no longer available for purchase, and the cemetery has mainly a heritage function. Occasional burials still occur on family plots.

Notable burials

Frederic Carrington (1807–1901), local member of parliament, Taranaki Superintendent, and "Father of New Plymouth"
Cyril Croker (1888–1958), solicitor and member of the Legislative Council
Paddy George (1883–1950), representative rugby league player
Monica Brewster (1886–1973), the lady behind the Govett-Brewster Art Gallery
Leila Hurle (1901–1989), senior school inspector
Thomas King (1821–1893), local member of parliament and one of the original settlers of New Plymouth
Abraham Salaman (1885/1886?–1941), merchant, dyer, herbalist and charlatan
William Skinner (1857–1946), surveyor, historian, and ethnographer
Thomas S. Weston (1836–1912), judge and 19th-century member of parliament
John Whiteley (1806–1869), Wesleyan missionary murdered at Pukearuhe

References

External links

New Plymouth
Cemeteries in New Zealand


title: Australian Performing Group

text:
The Australian Performing Group (APG) was a Melbourne-based experimental theatre repertory ensemble formed in an official capacity in 1970 from the La Mama theatre group. Created to address a dissatisfaction with Australia's theatrical climate, the APG focused primarily on producing new works by then-emerging Australian writers such as Barry Oakley, Jack Hibberd, Kris Hemensley, Bill Garner, John Romeril, Steve J. Spears and David Williamson.

The APG comprised many sub-groups interested in developing different ideas and shows, e.g. groups of writers, actors, musicians, etc.

In 1977 two of the APG groups, Soapbox Circus and The Captain Matchbox Whoopee Band, teamed up with New Ensemble Circus to create Circus Oz, originally funded by the APG.

See also
 John Timlin, a financier of the Australian Performing Group

References

Theatre in Melbourne
Theatre companies in Australia


title: Australian cricket team in Pakistan in 1956–57

text:
The Australian national cricket team visited Pakistan in October 1956 and played a single Test match against the Pakistani national cricket team. Pakistan won the Test series 1–0. Australia were captained by Ian Johnson and Pakistan by Abdul Hafeez Kardar. The Test match was the first between the two teams. The opening day's play was the slowest in the history of Test cricket, with just 95 runs scored.

Test series

Only Test

References

External links

1956 in Australian cricket
1956 in Pakistani cricket
Australian cricket tours of Pakistan
International cricket competitions from 1945–46 to 1960
Pakistani cricket seasons from 1947–48 to 1969–70


title: Joel Culpepper

text:
Joel Culpepper (born 25 May 1984) is an English R&B singer-songwriter from London, England. Originally from Peckham, then grew up in Catford. He is known for his distinctive vocal style and well received stage performances.

Career

2009–2015
Debuting in 2009, Culpepper's first mixtape, The Adventures of Pensmith, was written and produced in two weeks.

This was followed in 2011 with another mixtape, Joel Culpepper Meets J Dilla, a tribute to the late producer and rapper J Dilla. This release sought to build on previous successes and add to the growing interest from bloggers and music fans.

In 2012 Culpepper released his first EP, Skydive, a project that received support from several notable DJs. The first single off the EP, "Passenger", was championed by Annie Mac, DJ Target and MistaJam.

Culpepper's next single, "Pilot Light", was released on 7 July 2014 alongside B-side "Some Nights".

Culpepper often collaborates with Swindle, and was featured on Swindle's album Long Live The Jazz, as well as on Bruh Jackman's California.

2016–2020
Culpepper released his EP, Tortoise, in January 2017 via Pledge Music, the latest milestone in his career. Its title is inspired by one of Aesop's Fables the Tortoise and the Hare. The EP features production by Grammy Award-winning producer Jimmy Hogarth, American producer Roy Davis Jr, Kay Young and Jools Holland's Musical Director Phil Veacock, who scored and arranged the strings and horns. It journeys through different genres, from traditional 1960s and 1970s inspired R&B to contemporary electronic R&B and hip-hop.

The first single taken from the EP was "Don't Mean I'm in Love", and was released on 2 June 2017. Culpepper also released "Woman" in 2017 and performed a ColorsxStudios video.

In 2018, Culpepper released 'Caroline No' featuring Rapper/Singer Kojey Radical.

In 2019, Culpepper featured on DJ Yoda's collaborative release "Home Cooking". He also released "Sheriff" with multi-instrumentalist Redhino.

In October 2020 Culpepper announced that he would be releasing his debut album through his own label imprint Pepper Reocrds.

In 2020 Culpepper appeared alongside Tom Misch, Yussef Dayes, Rocco Palladino, John Mayer and Tom Driessler during a Tiny Desk Performance.

2021
In June 2021 Culpepper performed "Tears of a Crown" on the BBC's Later... with Jools Holland.

On 23 July 2021 the album Sgt Culpepper was released. With Executive Production from Swindle, other producers and collaborators include Guy Chambers, Tom Misch, Kay Young, Lindne Jay, Redinho, Jimmy Hogarth, Raf Rundell, Rich de Rosa and Shawn Lee.

Touring
May 2015 saw Culpepper support Paloma Faith on her Australian tour.

Culpepper also tours with his band The Transformers who, as the name suggests, play at least two instruments during the set.

In July 2018, Joel Culpepper supported Lalah Hathaway at a sold out show at London's KOKO.

In April 2019, Culpepper performed two nights in a row at the Cully Jazz Festival in Switzerland, where he was well received on two stages, Le Club and Chapiteau. He supported Stevie Wonder at Hyde Park British Summer Time. Performed with Swindle at Glastonbury on the West Holts stage
, made a guest appearance at FKJ's London show at Brixton Academy and sold out his headline show at Earth in Hackney.

Critical reception
Following the release of "Pilot Light" Culpepper was BBC introducing artist of the week during the month of June 2014.

Since 2012 and the release of Culpepper's debut EP, Skydive, he has garnered attention from the likes of BBC Radio 1 and BBC 1Xtra. George Ergatoudis (then Head of Music, BBC Radio 1) dubbed him the "UK's answer to Frank Ocean". Culpepper continues to generate fresh interest with radio support from DJ Target, Trevor Nelson, Annie Mac, Charlie Sloth and Toddla T.
Culpepper was among a select few acts to receive coveted support from the Momentum Music Fund, a partnership between the PRS Foundation and Arts Council England, in association with Spotify.

In 2017, Culpepper performed the track 'Woman' on the Colors platform. Which to date has over 13 million views.

In 2020, Joel Culpepper featured on a track entitled 'Thinking' produced by Former Arctic Monkeys bassist Goldteeth. The single received widespread support from Nick Grimshaw, Lauren Laverne, Clara Amfo, Phil Taggart and Huw Stephens. The single was also Radio 1's track of the week.

Discography

Albums
Sgt Culpepper (23 July 2021)

EPs
Skydive (1 October 2012)
Tortoise (27 January 2017)

Singles
 "Passenger" (October 2012)
 "Heaven" (May 2013)
 "B.I.G." (October 2013)
 "Pilot Light" (July 2014)
 "Don't Mean I'm in Love" (2 June 2017)
 "Caroline No" (7 December 2018)
 "Sheriff" (31 October 2019)

References

External links
 Official website
 Skydive (January 2014)
 Paloma Faith @ Sydney Opera House
 BBC RADIO 1Xtra – DJ Target – Special Guest: Joel Culpepper
 The Adventures of Pensmith Mixtape, by Joel Culpepper

1984 births
Living people
English male singer-songwriters
English singer-songwriters
21st-century English singers
21st-century British male singers


title: X Band Satellite Communication

text:
X band or SHF Satellite Communication is widely used by military forces for beyond line of sight communications.  X band is used because it provides a compromise between the characteristics of different frequency bands which is particularly suited to the needs of military users.  The characteristics include interference and rain resilience, terminal size, data rates, remote coverage and whether it is reserved for governmental use.

Characteristics of the SHF frequency band

Frequency
x Band Satellite Communication operates in the part of the X band or Super High Frequency (SHF) spectrum which is designated by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) for satellite communication, which is those frequencies in the range 7.25 GHz to 7.75 GHz (Space to Earth) and 7.9 GHz to 8.4 GHz (Earth to Space). The ITU Frequency allocation defines the primary use of this spectrum as Fixed satellite service (FSS) and a portion to Mobile Satellite Services (MSS), primarily used for ship based satellite communications.  UK Frequency Allocation Table (UK FAT) along with other NATO countries and some other countries’ (but not all) national frequency allocations tables, have an additional note detailing the primary allocation for government use.  It is important to note that the allocation of these frequencies and services is for government use and not, as commonly stated, military use.  The ITU and the UK Ofcom considers military use as just one part of government use.

Rain resilience
X band is below those frequencies which are severely affected by Rain Fade, therefore X band provides extremely good rain resilience unlike higher frequencies such as Ku or Ka which are also used for satellite communication.  This allows extremely high link availability, in some cases as high as 99.9%

>4° separation between satellites
X band satellites typically have at least 4° separation between satellites, therefore there is less chance of adjacent satellite interference (ASI) and higher power density carriers allowed.

Terminal size v data rates
As with any satellite communication link, the data rate that can be achieved with a terminal is dependent on the gain of the parabolic antenna.  Antenna gain increases with the square of the ratio of aperture width to wavelength.  Therefore, for a fixed antenna size the gain, and hence the achievable data rate increases with frequency.  Thus X band provides data rates which are much higher than can be achieved with UHF, L band, or C band.  The achievable data rates will approach those achievable with Ku band, the exact values will depend on other link parameters (satellite power, link margin, modulation scheme, etc.).

Therefore, X band provides a good compromise between terminal size and data rates while maintaining resilience to rain fade.  Data rates of 10Mbit/s are achievable to a 45 cm antenna without interfering with adjacent satellites.

Remote and maritime coverage
X band spot beams typically have a diameter of 1000 km or more.  This is the result of the frequency and the size of Parabolic antenna which can be accommodated inside satellite launch vehicles.  This means that a single beam is able to be steered to cover an entire region of interest.  X band satellites also have an earth cover or global beam providing coverage of the entire planet that is visible from the satellite.  This is in contrast to satellites in commercial bands which typically provide fixed beams for areas of high density of users.  Therefore, X band satellites are able to support users in remote areas with little or no infrastructure and in mid ocean away from land and shipping lanes.

Characteristics of SHF Satcom systems
SHF Satcom systems often possess features designed to meet the needs of military users and to counter threats to the system.  Features include

 Steerable beams
 High power spectral density
 Protection against nuclear events and space weather
 Military grade cryptography on the telecommand system
 Protection against laser threats
 Military specification control facilities
 Protection against jamming attacks
 Flexible connectivity

Components of SHF Satcom systems
Like other Satellite Communications systems, X band satellite communication systems comprise the following segments:
 Satellite space segment: the satellite which comprises the platform and the payload
 Control Segment: the ground equipment to control the satellite
 Anchor facilities: while mesh configurations are possible, most X band satcom systems use anchor facilities to exploit the link budget benefits from large antennas and to provide terrestrial connectivity
 Network management: the facilities to manage the communication network, in particular the baseband elements
 User terminals: the terminals used by deployed users to connect to the satellite system.  User terminals may be interoperable with several different X band systems.  User terminals are adapted to the requirements of the environment in which they operate.

Satellite communication systems operating at X band

Skynet

The Skynet fleet of satellites are owned and operated by Airbus Defence & Space who hold a long term concession for beyond line of sight communications with the UK MOD.  The fleet includes four high performance Skynet 5 satellites with 160W TWTAs providing up to 8W/MHz and an active receive antenna capable of creating multiple uplink beam patterns.  The Skynet fleet also includes older Skynet 4 satellites which are beyond their original design life and in inclined orbits, these orbits enable them to provide communications to arctic and Antarctic regions.
In addition to SHF capacity the Skynet satellites also have UHF capacity.

Wideband Global SATCOM system (WGS)

The WGS system is a constellation of military communications satellites procured by the U.S. Air Force MILSATCOM Systems Directorate at Los Angeles Air Force Base (AFB).  Each WGS satellite provides capacity in both the X and Ka frequency bands.   Each WGS satellite is digitally channelized and transponded. International partners participating on the program are Australia, Canada, Denmark, Luxembourg, The Netherlands and New Zealand.

XTAR-EUR
The XTAR-EUR satellite is owned and operated by XTAR LLC and Hisdesat.  It was launched in February 2005 and is positioned at 29 degrees east.  XTAR-EUR has 100W, 72 MHz transponders

Spainsat
SpainSat is owned by Hisdesat. SpainSat was launched in March 2006 and is positioned at 29 degrees west.  Spainsat has an X-Band payload with 100W, 72 MHz transponders.  It also has Ka band capacity.

Sicral
SICRAL (Sistema Italiano per Comunicazioni Riservate ed Allarmi) is Italy’s satellite system for military communications.  The SICRAL 1 satellite was launched in 2001 and the SICRAL 1B satellite was launched in 2009.

Syracuse
Syracuse III (système de radiocommunications utilisant un satellite) is the military satellite communication system of the French ministry of Defence.  Syracuse 3A was launched in 2005 and Syracuse 3B was launched in 2006.

Anik G1
Anik G1 was launched in April 2013, and includes a 3-transponder, global-beam X-band payload, operating from 107.3°W.

DC-MS Series 2
DC-MS Series 2 consists of 2 triple-transponder global-beam X-band payload, operated by Delta Communications. DC-MS Series 2 was launched in January 2014.

NATO SATCOM Post-2000
The NATO X Band satellite system consists of a NATO owned ground segment with capacity leased from a consortium formed by the British, French and Italian governments.

See also
 Satellite communications
 Military communications
 Artificial satellite

References

External links
 SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS (SATCOM) https://fas.org/spp/military/docops/army/ref_text/chap07b.htm

Communications satellites
Military communications


title: Australian cricket team in Pakistan in 1959–60

text:
The Australian national cricket team visited Pakistan in November and December 1959 and played a three-match Test series against the Pakistani national cricket team. Australia won the Test series 2–0. Australia were captained by Richie Benaud and Pakistan by Fazal Mahmood.

Tour match

Test series summary

First Test

Second Test

Third Test

Eisenhower's visit
Day four of the Third Test in Karachi was notably attended by U.S. president Dwight Eisenhower, who was visiting Pakistan at the time. Eisenhower, who was accompanied by Pakistan's president Ayub Khan, became the first American President to watch Test cricket. According to Arunabha Sengupta, the day proved challenging for Pakistan who managed just 104 runs for the loss of five wickets, with Hanif Mohammed putting up the lone resistance against Australian bowlers.

The U.S. President, who was seen "cheering the rare attacking strokes" and applauding every "decent effort in the field", used the occasion for cricket diplomacy – signing a cricket bat and sporting a Pakistan blazer. When Australian captain Richie Benaud saw Eisenhower wearing the blazer, he jokingly remarked: "Mr President… you have joined the other camp."

The Karachi Test and the First Test in Dhaka were played on matting pitches. Benaud and the Australian team's manager, Sam Loxton, took the opportunity when meeting the two presidents to plead that Pakistan abandon matting pitches, as the standard of play on matting was inferior. Ayub Khan subsequently decreed that Pakistan's Tests would in future all be played on turf pitches, so the Karachi Test was the last anywhere to be played on matting.

References

External links
 Tour home at ESPNcricinfo

1959 in Australian cricket
1959 in Pakistani cricket
Australian cricket tours of Pakistan
International cricket competitions from 1945–46 to 1960
Pakistani cricket seasons from 1947–48 to 1969–70


title: Edward Jones (Canon of Windsor)

text:
Revd Edward Jones, DD (1653 – 10 June 1737), an Anglican clergyman from the late Stuart period until the Georgian era, was a long-serving Canon of Windsor (1684 – 1737).

Family
Dr Jones was the fourth son of Sir Thomas Jones, Chief Justice of the Common Pleas and Jane Bavand, daughter of Alderman Daniel Bavand, of Chester.

He married Katherine Fulham, daughter of Revd Dr Edward Fulham, and widow of Robert Waith, of Compton, Surrey (died 1720).

His daughter, Katherine Booth, had an only child, Katherine Tyrwhitt, from whom descend the present Barons Berners.

Career
Educated at Emmanuel College, Cambridge, Jones graduated BA in 1675, matriculating MA in 1678, before receiving a DD in 1720. He was elected a Fellow of his college from 1677 and taught at Cambridge until 1682.

Ordained on 29 May 1681 by the Bishop of London, following the appointment of Very Revd Dr Gregory Hascard as Dean of Windsor, he became Canon of the Third Stall of Windsor in 1684, which post he held until his death.

Canon Jones also served as:

Domestic Chaplain to Lord Guilford, until 1685
Rector of Hodnet, until 1702
Vicar of Brithdir, 1682 – 1705
Chancellor of the St David's Cathedral, 1713 – 1723
Chancellor of St Paul's Cathedral, 1723 – 1733.

See also
Baron Berners
Tyrwhitt baronets
Canons of Windsor

Notes

Further reading
Burke's Landed Gentry, JONES of Gwynfryn (1952 edn)

1653 births
1737 deaths
Clergy from Shropshire
Alumni of Emmanuel College, Cambridge
Fellows of Emmanuel College, Cambridge
Canons of Windsor
Chancellors of St Paul's Cathedral
18th-century English Anglican priests


title: Lungotevere della Farnesina

text:
Lungotevere della Farnesina is the stretch of Lungotevere that links Piazza Trilussa to Ponte Giuseppe Mazzini in Rome (Italy), in the Rione Trastevere.

The Lungotevere takes its name from villa Farnesina, the present seat of the Accademia dei Lincei.

The works for the building of the Lungotevere, in 1879, brought to light the sepulchre of Gaius Sulpicius Platorinus, dating back to the 1st century; after being reconstructed, it was moved to the National Roman Museum within the Baths of Diocletian.

Notes

Bibliography

Farnesina
Streets in Rome R. XIII Trastevere


title: Australian cricket team in Pakistan in 1964–65

text:
The Australian national cricket team visited Pakistan in October 1964 and played a single Test match, which was drawn, against the Pakistani national cricket team. Australia were captained by Bob Simpson, who scored a century in each innings, and Pakistan by Hanif Mohammad.

Only Test

References

External links

1964 in Australian cricket
1964 in Pakistani cricket
Australian cricket tours of Pakistan
International cricket competitions from 1960–61 to 1970
Pakistani cricket seasons from 1947–48 to 1969–70


title: Frecciargento

text:
Frecciargento is a high-speed train of the Italian national train operator, Trenitalia, as one of its Le Frecce brands (along with Frecciarossa and Frecciabianca). The name, which means "Silver Arrow", was introduced in 2012; these trains were previously branded as Eurostar Italia. Frecciargento trains operate at speeds of up to .

In May 2022, it was announced by Trenitalia's CEO Luigi Corradi that, starting from summer 2022, the Frecciargento brand will be phased out. The trains that operate as Frecciargento will be incorporated, with a change of livery, into the Frecciarossa service.

Routes
Routes in service before summer 2022:
 Rome – Naples – Salerno – Lamezia Terme – Reggio di Calabria
 Udine – Venice – Padua – Bologna – Florence – Rome
 Trieste – Venice – Padua – Bologna – Florence – Rome
 Bolzano/Bozen – Verona – Bologna – Florence – Rome
 Bergamo – Brescia – Verona – Bologna – Florence – Rome
 Mantua – Modena – Bologna – Rome
 Rome – Caserta – Benevento – Foggia – Bari – Lecce
 Genoa – La Spezia – Pisa – Florence – Rome
Milano – Bologna – Rimini – Ancona
 Milano – Stresa – Domodossola – Brig – Visp – Spiez – Thun – Bern
Routes still in service in May 2023:

 Rome – Caserta – Benevento – Puglia with stops in Foggia, Barletta and Bari and with continuations also towards Brindisi and Lecce.
 Rome – Naples Afragola – Salerno – Paola – Lamezia – Rosarno – Villa S. G. – Reggio Calabria.
 Rome – Florence – Pisa – La Spezia – Genoa.

Rolling stock
 ETR 485: tilting trains, speeds up to
 ETR 600: tilting trains, speeds up to
ETR 610: tilting trains with international signal system capability, speeds up to
ETR 700: non-tilting trains, speeds up to

See also
Frecciabianca
Frecciarossa
High-speed rail in Italy
Eurostar Italia
Train categories in Europe

References

External links

High-speed rail in Italy
Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane
Train-related introductions in 2012


title: 2014 Lorraine Open 88 – Singles

text:
Timea Bacsinszky was the defending champion, but chose not to participate.

Irina-Camelia Begu won the tournament, defeating Kaia Kanepi in the final, 6–3, 6–4.

Seeds

Main draw

Finals

Top half

Bottom half

References
 Main draw

Lorraine Open 88 - Singles


title: 2014 Lorraine Open 88 – Doubles

text:
Vanesa Furlanetto and Amandine Hesse were the defending champions, but both players chose not to come back this year. Furlanetto competed in Denain and Hesse at the Reinert Open.

Alexandra Panova and Laura Thorpe won the tournament after Irina-Camelia Begu and María Irigoyen were forced to retire in the second set, with the final score of 6–3, 4–0, ret.

Seeds

Draw

References
 Draw

Lorraine Open 88 - Doubles


title: Lungotevere Raffaello Sanzio

text:
Lungotevere Raffaello Sanzio is the stretch of Lungotevere that links Ponte Sisto to Ponte Garibaldi in Rome (Italy), in the Rione Trastevere.

The Lungotevere is dedicated to the artist Raffaello Sanzio from Urbino, the author of many works of art within the capitoline city; it was established as per deliberation of the City Council dated January 24, 1956.

Notes

Bibliography

Raffaello Sanzio
Streets in Rome R. XIII Trastevere


title: Frecciabianca

text:
Frecciabianca is a high-speed train of the Italian national train operator, Trenitalia, and one of its Le Frecce brands (along with the more prestigious Frecciarossa and former Frecciargento). The name, which means "white arrow", was introduced in 2011; these services were previously known as Eurostar City Italia. Frecciabianca trains operate at speeds up to .

Routes
 Turin - Milan - Verona - Venice - Trieste
 Milan - Verona - Venice - Udine
 Turin - Genoa - La Spezia - Pisa - Livorno - Rome
 Rome - Naples - Salerno - Lamezia Terme - Reggio di Calabria
 Venice - Padua - Bologna - Rimini - Pesaro - Ancona - Pescara - Foggia - Bari - Lecce
 Milan - Piacenza - Parma - Reggio Emilia - Modena - Bologna - Rimini - Pesaro - Ancona - Pescara - Termoli - Foggia - Barletta - Bari - Lecce / Taranto
 Turin - Alessandria - Reggio Emilia - Bologna - Rimini - Ancona - Pescara - Foggia - Bari - Lecce
 Genoa - La Spezia - Pisa - Rome
 Palermo - Caltanissetta - Enna - Catania - Messina
 Milan - Ventimiglia

Rolling stock
 ETR 460: electric trainsets, speeds up to .
 E.414: electric locomotives with coaching stock, speeds up to .
 E.402B: electric locomotives with coaching stock, speeds up to .

See also
Frecciargento
Frecciarossa
High-speed rail in Italy
Eurostar Italia
Train categories in Europe

External links

References

High-speed rail in Italy
Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane


title: Venda Defence Force Medal

text:
The Venda Defence Force Medal was instituted by the President of the Republic of Venda in 1984, for award to all ranks for service of a high standard.

The Venda Defence Force
The 900 member Venda Defence Force (VDF) was established upon that country's independence on 13 September 1979. The Republic of Venda ceased to exist on 27 April 1994 and the Venda Defence Force was amalgamated with six other military forces into the South African National Defence Force (SANDF).

Institution
The Venda Defence Force Medal was instituted by the President of Venda in 1984. It is the junior award of a set of three decorations for merit, along with the Distinguished Service Medal, Gold and the Distinguished Service Medal, Silver.

Venda's military decorations and medals were modelled on those of the Republic of South Africa and these three decorations are the approximate equivalents of, respectively, the Southern Cross Decoration and Pro Merito Decoration, the Southern Cross Medal (1975) and Pro Merito Medal (1975), and the Military Merit Medal.

Award criteria
The medal could be awarded to all ranks for service of a high standard.

Order of wear

Since the Venda Defence Force Medal was authorised for wear by one of the statutory forces which came to be part of the South African National Defence Force on 27 April 1994, it was accorded a position in the official South African order of precedence on that date.

Venda Defence Force until 26 April 1994

Official VDF order of precedence:
 Preceded by the Distinguished Service Medal, Silver.
 Succeeded by the General Service Medal.
Venda official national order of precedence:
 Preceded by the Department of Prisons Distinguished Service Medal, Silver (SPM).
 Succeeded by the National Force Medal for Combating Terrorism.

South African National Defence Force from 27 April 1994

Official SANDF order of precedence:
 Preceded by the Defence Force Commendation Medal of the Republic of Bophuthatswana.
 Succeeded by the Marumo Medal, Class II of the Republic of Bophuthatswana.
Official national order of precedence:
 Preceded by the Defence Force Commendation Medal of the Republic of Bophuthatswana.
 Succeeded by the National Intelligence Service Medal for Distinguished Service, Bronze (OOB) of the Republic of South Africa.

The position of the Venda Defence Force Medal in the official order of precedence was revised twice after 1994, to accommodate the inclusion or institution of new decorations and medals, first in April 1996 when decorations and medals were belatedly instituted for the two former non-statutory forces, the Azanian People's Liberation Army and Umkhonto we Sizwe, and again upon the institution of a new set of honours on 27 April 2003, but it remained unchanged on both occasions.

Description
Obverse
The Venda Defence Force Medal is a medallion, struck in bronze and 38 millimetres in diameter, with an elephant's head above an open wreath.

Reverse
The reverse displays the Coat of Arms of the Republic of Venda and, around the perimeter, the words "DEFENCE FORCE MEDAL" at the top and "MENDELE WA MMBI YA VHUPILELI" at the bottom.

Ribbon
The ribbon is 32 millimetres wide, with a 10 millimetres wide red band, a 2 millimetres wide blue band, a 2 millimetres wide green band, a 4 millimetres wide yellow band, a 2 millimetres wide green band, a 2 millimetres wide blue band and a 10 millimetres wide red band.

Discontinuation
Conferment of the Venda Defence Force Medal was discontinued when the Republic of Venda ceased to exist on 27 April 1994.

References

Military decorations and medals of Venda
Awards established in 1984
Awards disestablished in 1994
1984 establishments in Africa
1994 disestablishments in Africa


title: No Mediocre

text:
"No Mediocre" is a song by American rapper T.I., released on June 17, 2014, through Grand Hustle and Columbia Records, as the lead single from his ninth studio album Paperwork (2014). It is a hip hop song, produced by DJ Mustard, and it features a guest appearance from Grand Hustle protégé, Australian rapper Iggy Azalea.

Background
On November 22, 2013, T.I. announced that he had signed a deal with Columbia Records, to release his upcoming ninth studio album. T.I. revealed he recruited Pharrell Williams to executive produce the LP and planned to release the album in early 2014. Originally, T.I. had planned to release Trouble Man II: He Who Wears the Crown, a sequel to his 2012 album, but since getting into the studio with the album's executive producer, Pharrell Williams, he changed his mind. He stated: "Since we started working on the project and the project started has taken a different shape, I think we're going to postpone that title. We're gonna rework that. I got a couple of things in mind." While he still planned to release the sequel to Trouble Man, he said about the current project:
All I'ma say is, it's gonna be a motion picture, it's gonna be a theatrical-worthy title. Something that will definitely seem instant classic. I'm thinking something like "Trap Champion", "Paperwork", but whatever it is the subtitle will be "The Motion Picture".

On December 16, 2013, it was reported that T.I. decided to name it Paperwork. On June 17, 2014, T.I. released "No Mediocre", as the official lead single from Paperwork, which features his protégé Iggy Azalea and was produced by West Coast hip hop producer DJ Mustard. T.I. talked about the track on MTV News saying: "For me I think it was something to uplift women. It's a get-your-sh—together-type of-record". He explained:
It's denouncing mediocrity, man; all things sub-standard or below average or even moderately average should be set aside, man, and I think it starts internally. You must first have confidence and security within yourself, it goes from the heart, to the mind and then it is conveyed through your actions and your presentation of yourself. He continued stating that men do not just look at physical attributes, but "social qualities" as well, and deep down "Every person knows what their strengths are, so showcase your strengths and not your weaknesses so much." He later added, "I wanted one of those records that wasn't really really serious and a whole lot of thought-provoking messages behind it. I just wanted it to be something that women could dance to, that could be a club record, just get on the radio for urban as well as rhythmic, and something that didn't require a lot of thought, you know what I'm saying? A fun record."

Commercial performance
The song debuted at number 58 on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart and peaked at number 33. It was certified Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America on March 5, 2015. It also reached number one on Mediabase's Rhythmic top 40 chart. On January 28, 2015, "No Mediocre" was certified Gold in Canada after peaking at number 59 on the Canadian Hot 100. The song became T.I.'s first U.S. platinum song as a lead artist in 6 years following his 2009 single "Dead and Gone".

Music video
The music video for the song was shot in late May 2014 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and premiered June 18, 2014, on MTV and VH1, and was later available on VEVO. Directed by Director X, the visuals begin with T.I. in the Tavares Bastos favela and making his way through the village, playing a quick game of football before heading to his home, where some exotic-looking women await him. He then meets up with Azalea, as she dances alongside T.I. at an outdoor party. It was named one of the sexiest videos of 2014 by VH1. UK singer and actress Montana Manning appears in the video.

On January 30, 2020, the music for the song passed 300 million views on YouTube. With this milestone, it became T.I.'s second and Azalea's sixth video, respectively, to cross the 300 million view milestone.

Live performances
T.I. and Azalea performed "No Mediocre" for the first time at the BET Awards 2014 at the Nokia Theatre L.A. Live on June 29.

In October 2014, T.I. performed the song alone on the Queen Latifah Show. Both T.I. and Azalea have regularly performed No Mediocre at their individual concerts.

Track listing
Digital download
"No Mediocre (featuring Iggy Azalea)" [Explicit] – 3:21
"No Mediocre (featuring Iggy Azalea)" [Clean] – 3:21

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Certifications

Release history

References

External links

T.I. songs
Iggy Azalea songs
Songs written by T.I.
Songs written by Iggy Azalea
Song recordings produced by Mustard (record producer)
Grand Hustle Records singles
Columbia Records singles
2014 singles
2014 songs
Music videos directed by Director X
Dirty rap songs


title: Brachychalcinus orbicularis

text:
Brachychalcinus orbicularis, or the discus tetra, is an omnivorous characin found in rivers, creeks, and tributaries in tropical South America.

References

https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/175960637/175960674

Stethaprionini
Taxa named by Achille Valenciennes
Fish described in 1850


title: Gregory Hascard

text:
Gregory Hascard DD (died 15 November 1708) was a Canon of Windsor from 1671 to 1684 and then Dean of Windsor from 1684 until 1708, but he was also a noted pluralist. He
wrote three books on religious subjects.

Life
Born in Grantham, the son of Thomas Hascard and Alice Hand, Hascard married Rachel Fane on 4 February 1667, at Gray's Inn Chapel, Middlesex (now London WC1).

He was buried in St Giles's Church, Stoke Poges, where a monument was erected in his memory.

Career
Hascard was educated at Emmanuel College, Cambridge, where he was awarded a BA in 1661, an MA in 1664, and a DD in 1671. Thereafter he held clerical appointments in plurality, as Rector of St Michael Queenhithe (1669–1671), Rector of Brickhill Bow, Buckinghamshire (1669–1671), Prebendary of Salisbury (1671–1708), Chaplain to the King (1677–1708), Rector of St Clement Danes (1678–1708), Rector of Bishops Stoke, and Rector of Great Haseley (1697–1708). He was appointed to the third stall in St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle in 1671, a position he held until 1684 when he was appointed Dean of Windsor.

Publications
Hascard was the author of three published religious works:
A discourse about the charge of novelty upon the reformed Church of England: made by the papists asking of us the question, where was our religion before Luther? (London: Printed for Robert Horn, and Fincham Gardiner, 1683.)
A sermon preached before the ... lord mayor ... at the parish-church of St. Botolph, Aldgate (London: Walter Kettilby, 1685)
A short examination of a discourse concerning edification, by Dr. Hascard, in a letter (London : A. Baldwin, 1700)

Notes

1708 deaths
Canons of Windsor
Deans of Windsor
Alumni of Emmanuel College, Cambridge
Year of birth missing


title: Orlando Sanchez (politician)

text:
Orlando Sanchez (born 14 October 1957 in Havana, Cuba) is an American politician, elected three times as Treasurer of Harris County, Texas (2006), 2010, and 2014. Dylan Osborne was elected to succeed him in the November, 2018 election that saw most Republicans in county-wide offices replaced by Democrats.

A naturalized citizen, Sanchez has made political history as the first Latino immigrant to be elected to a citywide position in Houston, when he won the at-large seat on the city council, to which he was twice re-elected in consecutive terms, serving 1995–2001. In 2001 and 2003 he ran for mayor of Houston, gaining an alliance with Republican Anglos and generating high voter turnout in the Hispanic community. Both times he made it to the runoffs. When elected as Treasurer of Harris County, he was the first Latino immigrant to win a countywide, non-judicial elected office in that county.

Early life and education
Sanchez was born in Havana, Cuba to native Cuban parents. His parents emigrated after the Cuban Revolution when he was a young child. The family stayed for a brief time in Venezuela, before settling in Houston in 1962. Sanchez has lived here since. Former Harris County Judge Roy Hofheinz hired Sanchez's father, Orlando Sanchez-Diago, as a broadcaster to be the "Spanish voice" of the Colt .45s baseball club, which subsequently was renamed the Houston Astros.

Sanchez grew up in southwest Houston, where he graduated from Bellaire High School (Bellaire, Texas). He joined the U.S. Air Force in 1976. After his tour, he enlisted in the 147th Fighter Interceptor Group of the Texas Air National Guard at the then-named Ellington Field. He attended the University of Houston and graduated cum laude with a degree in political science. In 1997, Sanchez was the University of Houston Social Sciences' Outstanding Young Alum and in 2001 received the Distinguished Alumnus Award.

Political career
Sanchez joined the Republican Party and first ran for office in 1992 as the Republican nominee for Texas House District 132. In 1993 he was a candidate for Houston City Council in District C.

In 1995, Sanchez successfully ran citywide for at-large position on the Houston City Council, where he served three terms, January 1996 to January 2002, stepping down due to term limits. He was the first Latino immigrant to be elected citywide in Houston's history. The Harris County Republican Party awarded Sanchez the 'Political Courage Award' for his vote to cut property taxes in Houston for the first time in decades.

In 2001, Sanchez ran for Mayor of the City of Houston against the two-time incumbent Lee P. Brown, the former police chief of the city, and a fellow city councilman, Chris Bell. Sanchez, who gained 40% of the vote, faced Brown, who had 43%, in a run-off; Chris Bell received 16% of the ballots cast. The centerpiece of Sanchez' campaign was public safety: he called for four fire fighters on each fire truck as the minimum needed to preserve lives and safety of the force, gaining the union's endorsement. On September 11, 2001, fire fighters helping victims in the World Trade Center attacks became national heroes; this helped to elevate the profile of Sanchez' cause. In October 2001, Houston Fire Captain Jay Janhke was killed while putting out a fire. Mayor Brown was strongly criticized and the Fire Department policy changed its policy, staffing four fighters per truck as the standard for each call.

In the non-partisan election, Sanchez developed a coalition that included the Hispanic community, Asian business leaders, Republicans and independent voters. Historically, Hispanic turnout in Houston races hovered around 10%, but nearly 18% of Hispanic voters turned out in this race, with more than 77% voting for Sanchez.

Voter turnout in the 2001 mayoral race between Sanchez and Brown was historic. In addition to the near doubling of Latino voter turnout, the total number of voters in the December run-off remains the highest in Houston's history as of 2015. Sanchez narrowly lost the race by 10,702 votes.

In 2003, Sanchez ran for mayor against Bill White, a businessman and well-connected Democrat, and Sylvester Turner, a state representative and former candidate for mayor against then-Mayor Bob Lanier.
Sanchez had improved his name identification in this race. Since his 2001 campaign, he had been offered several other opportunities, but said, "I knew, standing on that podium, looking at the crowd, that I would run again in 2003," Sanchez said. "It's what I want to do and be. When I start something, I stick to it." Sanchez made the run-off, but lost to Bill White in the general election.

He was elected Harris County Treasurer in 2006 making him the first Latino immigrant in Harris County to be elected to a countywide non-judicial office. Sanchez was reelected in 2010 and again in 2014. He lost in 2018 to Dylan Osborne, 54%-46%.

County Treasurer
As County Treasurer, Sanchez oversaw Harris County's multiple bank accounts, paid the county's expenses and was an independent set of eyes in overseeing spending of county taxpayer dollars. The treasurer's office won several transparency awards after Sanchez took office including Sunny Awards for transparency in 2010 and 2011 from the Sunshine Review and achieved Platinum Level in the Texas State Comptroller's Leadership Circle for Transparency in Local Government Reporting.

Controversy
Three days before his tenure as Harris County Treasurer expired in December 2018, Sanchez held a press conference in the parking lot across from the Houston Independent School District administrative building in which he called for the Texas Education Agency to take control of HISD schools. The press conference was preempted with strong criticism by a crowd of parents, teachers, and activists opposed to his position who chanted "Go away, TEA", "shame", and "You got voted out." After the crowd peppered him with questions and criticisms for some time, one person splashed him with several ounces of water. Sanchez would later sue the protester for $1 million, claiming "past and future mental anguish."

Civic activities
Sanchez sat on the Harris County Bail Bonds Board, is a member of the Board of Directors of Capital Bank Texas, a life member of the Houston Livestock Show and Rodeo and the 100 Club of Houston. He is a member of the University of Houston Foundation Board of Directors and is a former advisory member of the University of Houston Law School Foundation. He is a fellow of the British-American Project and a member of the Council on Foreign Relations. He is a current advisory member of Volunteer Interfaith Caregivers-Southwest. He is also a member of the Patriot Guard Riders, a group that participates in memorial services honoring Fallen Military Heroes, First Responders and Honorably Discharged Veterans.

Notes

1957 births
Living people
American politicians of Cuban descent
County officials in Texas
Cuban emigrants to the United States
Houston City Council members
People from Harris County, Texas
Texas National Guard personnel
Texas Republicans
United States Air Force airmen
University of Houston alumni


title: Marian Chodacki

text:
Marian Stanisław Chodacki (July 15, 1898, Nowy Sącz – June 26, 1975, New York City) was a Polish diplomat, intelligence officer, certified colonel of the Polish Army, and executive director of the Józef Piłsudski Institute of America.

Youth and military service
He received a law degree from the University of Warsaw.

From 1912 to 1914, Chodacki belonged to the Riflemen's Association. During World War I, he served in the Polish Legions and afterwards continued serving in the Polish Army. On June 1, 1921, he began serving in the Highest Evaluating Commission with the 34th Infantry Regiment in Biała Podlaska. In May 1922, Chodacki was made a lieutenant with retroactive seniority from June 1, 1919.

Chodacki completed studies at the Higher Military Academy in Warsaw from 1922 to 1924. Upon completing his studies in March 1924, he was promoted to the rank of captain with retroactive seniority from July 1, 1923. In October of the following year, he was transferred to the Second Branch of the General Staff of the Polish Army in Warsaw. During his studies and service with the General Staff, he officially remained officer of the 21st Infantry Regiment "Dzieci Warszawy" ("Warsaw's Children"). In 1927, he was appointed as a military attaché to Finland and Sweden. On November 1, 1931, he was attached to the 67th Infantry Regiment in Brodnica and gained practical leadership experience as the head of a riflemen's company.

On December 10, 1932, Chodacki was assigned to the Polish Ministry of Foreign Affairs for a period of six months. Following this assignment, he was simultaneously transferred from active duty to the reserves and from the 21st Infantry Regiment to the 30th Infantry Regiment (30 Pułk Strzelców Kaniowskich) in Warsaw.

Diplomatic service
Chodacki was assigned ministerial adviser in the Political Department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. In October, 1935, he became chargé d'affaires in the Polish mission to Czechoslovakia. He was a confidant of Józef Beck, the foreign minister, who considered Chodacki the best politician among the officers transferred from military service to diplomacy.

In December of 1936, Chodacki assumed the office of the Commissioner General of the Republic of Poland in the Free City of Gdańsk. During his term of office, he attained the rank of authorized minister (minister pełnomocny) and special envoy (poseł nadzwyczajny). His uncompromising attitude as General Commissioner united quarreling Polish organizations in Gdańsk. Polish policy toward the Gdańsk did not change under Chodacki, and policy was continuously marked by strong opposition to Nazification of the city. As Commissioner, Chodacki often intervened in the defense of Poles, whose health and lives were frequently endangered. During Chodacki's service as Commissioner, the work of Polish Intelligence was intensified and employees of the Commissariat collected information about the military preparations in Gdańsk.

In August 1939, Chodacki paid a customary visit to the battleship Schleswig-Holstein.

On September 1, 1939, Germans arrested Chodacki and other employees of the Polish Commissariat. As the result of protests by the previously-expelled Carl Jacob Burckhardt, High Commissioner of the League of Nations in Gdańsk, the Germans released Chodacki and others over the Lithuanian border on September 5.

Second World War and aftermath
During World War II, Chodacki was a soldier of the Polish Armed Forces in France and Great Britain. He was, however, quickly transferred to the Polish Consulate in New York City, and—on September 1, 1943—became the head of the secret Estezet service. In the final years of the war, he served as a Polish liaison officer within the ranks of the American Office of Strategic Services. After the war, Chodacki worked at the Józef Piłsudski Institute in New York City. He ultimately served as the institute's executive director from 1949 to 1951.

Commemoration
On March 11, 2019, by decision number 491 of the Polish Minister of National Defense, Marian Chodacki was posthumously promoted to the rank of lieutenant colonel.

Orders and awards
 Silver Cross of the Military Order of Virtuti Militari
 Independence Medal
 Cross of Valour (three times)
 Silver Cross of Merit
 Knight's Cross of the Légion d'honneur

Works (Polish)
 Dzienniki Personalne Ministerstwa Spraw Wojskowych.
 Roczniki oficerskie 1923, 1924, 1928 i 1932.

See also
 Free City of Gdańsk

References

External links
  Archiwum Majora Mariana Chodackiego w zbiorach Instytutu Józefa Piłsudskiego
  Major Marian Chodacki Collection at the Józef Piłsudski Institute of America

Diplomats of the Second Polish Republic
Recipients of the Virtuti Militari
Recipients of the Cross of Valour (Poland)
Recipients of the Cross of Merit (Poland)
Polish Army officers
Polish intelligence officers
Recipients of the Legion of Honour
1898 births
1975 deaths
People from Nowy Sącz
Individuals associated with the Józef Piłsudski Institute of America
Polish military attachés
Polish emigrants to the United States


title: Oldenburgia paradoxa

text:
Oldenburgia paradoxa Less. is a species in the genus Oldenburgia, in the family Asteraceae.

Description
In its habit Oldenburgia paradoxa is a remarkably dense, usually cushion-shaped, subshrub, typically growing in the form of a hemisphere. A plant sometimes exceeds a metre in height, but usually much less, commonly 30 cm or so.  The leaves are elliptical, alternate, and in appearance are typical of the genus, leathery, deep green above, and felted white below. They are suggestive of loquat leaves with the margins slightly rolled down. Young leaves are vividly white-felted all over; as they mature, they shed the felt on the upper surface, but retain the felt on their under-surfaces.

Unlike the leaves of other members of the genus, the leaves of Oldenburgia paradoxa are crowded impenetrably closely at the branch tips around the periphery of the plant, and they are much smaller, being some 10 cm long. The branches have thick, corky bark that generally is not visible on an undamaged plant.

The flower heads are pedunculate to nearly sessile, but are exceptional among Oldenburgias, being borne among the leaves at the surface of the plant cushion; the other Oldenburgia species have tall peduncles that stand proud of the plant. The flower heads are about 5 cm in diameter, creamy, sometimes with a tinge of pink or purple. The flowerheads are solitary and terminal.

Distribution and environment
The species is endemic to the mountains of the southern part of the Western Cape Province in South Africa. Its status is not clear; it always was uncommon and persists largely in mountain reserves. It grows in sandstone on cliffs, in rock crevices, and near mountain tops where it has little competition from other plants.

References

External links

Oldenburgia
Subshrubs


title: 2007 Havant Borough Council election

text:
The 2007 Havant Borough Council election took place on 3 May 2007 to elect members of Havant Borough Council in Hampshire, England. One third of the council was up for election and the Conservative Party stayed in overall control of the council.

After the election, the composition of the council was:
Conservative 31
Labour 4
Liberal Democrats 3

Background
Before the election the Conservatives had 30 councillors, while both the Labour party and the Liberal Democrats had 4 seats. There was no election in the 4 Leigh Park wards in 2007 and as a result Labour was not defending any of their 4 seats on the council, while the Conservatives were defending 8 of the 10 seats that were contested.

Election result
The Conservatives won 9 of the 10 seats contested, taking 1 seat from the Liberal Democrats. This took the Conservatives to 31 seats on the council, which the Conservative council leader David Gillett said he believed was "the largest Conservative majority on the south coast". The only seat not won by the Conservatives was in Bedhampton where the Liberal Democrats held on by a majority of 319 votes. Overall turnout at the elections was 35.2%.

Ward results

Bedhampton

Cowplain

Emsworth

Hart Plain

Hayling East

Hayling West

Purbrook

St Faiths

Stakes

Waterloo

References

2007 English local elections
Havant Borough Council elections
2000s in Hampshire


title: Catherine Pégard

text:
Catherine Pégard (born 5 August 1954) is a French political journalist. She has spent most of her career at Le Point where she was editor. In 2007, she was appointed adviser to President of France, Nicolas Sarkozy, and in charge of the "political center" at the Élysée Palace from March 2008. Since 2011, she has headed Public Establishment of the Palace, Museum and National Estate of Versailles that administer the Palace of Versailles. Pégard was awarded Chevalier de la Légion d'honneur in 2012.

Early career

Pégard was born in Le Havre and after high school had her first experience with journalism under the leadership of Roger Campion, the editor of the local Le Havre Libre.

After studying history and political science, Pégard began her journalistic career in 1977. From 1978 to 1982, she wrote about politics in Le Quotidien de Paris.

At Le Point

Pégard joined Le Point as a political journalist in 1982. She covered in particular the area of parliamentary news. When Denis Jeambar became editor-in-chief in 1988, as well as editor-in-chief of the political and cultural departments, Pégard became his assistant. After Jeambar left and became general director of Europe 1 in 1995, Pégard took over as editor-in-chief of Le Point.

Pégard published a weekly "Political notebook" in Le Point fed from the backstage of politics. At the same time, she discussed political news on Radio Classique with Jean-Marc Lech. From October 2004, she also co-hosted the show Les Femmes et les Patrons d'abord ("The Women and the Patrons First") on Paris Première alongside Alexandra Golovanoff.

At the Elysee

Pégard left Le Point in 2007, when she was appointed adviser to President Nicolas Sarkozy. The appointment of a journalist-editor from a major newspaper such as Le Point as advisor to the President sparked controversy. Asked about the issue of relations between the press and politics in France, the reporter John Vinocur from the International Herald Tribune responded in an interview by Renaud Revel in L'Express (31 May 2007): "I think that you exaggerate the complicity of the links that in reality exist in all the democracies of the world. Journalists have become the scapegoats of a society at odds with its elites."

Independent advisor to the President from May 2007, Pégard in mid-March 2008 became the head of the new "political center" created by the Presidency, integrating the closest collaborators of the President. She was assisted by Jerome Peyrat, the councilor in charge of the President's relations with Parliament. Catherine Pégard subsequently was responsible for cultural matters at the Elysee.

At Versailles

Pégard was appointed to the presidency of the Public Establishment of the Palace, Museum and National Estate of Versailles by the Cabinet of France on 31 August 2011, and took office on 2 October, succeeding Jean-Jacques Aillagon, who went on pension.

The appointment of Pégard was denounced publicly by some heritage professionals, regretting that she lacked experience in the management of cultural administration.

In 2013, Pégard endorsed an exhibition with photographs by Ahae, the South Korean businessman Yoo Byung-eun, praising his artistic qualities. Pégard disclosed that the exhibition was on a sponsorship basis, saying "The artist himself wanted to rent the Orangerie. But we never communicate the numbers." French Le Monde and British The Times wrote that Ahae gave  million (~ million) to Versailles. Ahae is the sole patron of the Bosquet du Théâtre d'Eau (Water Theatre Grove) (fr) currently being recreated in the area of the Palace of Versailles, donating  million (~ million). Following the sinking of the ferry Sewol in April 2014, Pégard's decision to rent out the Orangerie Hall of the Palace of Versailles in 2013 to Yoo Byung-eun, prompted French media as well as Korean expatriates in France to raise their concerns over French cultural institutions accepting self-financed exhibitions in return for donations.

Decorations
Chevalier de la Légion d'honneur (8 April 2012)

References

1954 births
Living people
French women journalists
Knights of the Legion of Honour
Officers of the Ordre national du Mérite
Commandeurs of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres
Writers from Le Havre
Sciences Po alumni
Presidency of Nicolas Sarkozy


title: Isuca

text:
is a Japanese manga series by Osamu Takahashi. It was serialized in Kadokawa Shoten's magazine Young Ace from July 2009 to April 2017 and has been collected into nine tankōbon volumes. An anime adaptation by Arms aired in Japan between January and March 2015.

Plot
The story revolves around Shinichirō, a male student who gets a job as a housekeeper in order to pay his rent. When he unintentionally releases a strange creature into the world he learns that his female employer, named Sakuya Shimizu, is the head of the Shimizu clan that hunts these creatures. Shinichirō cooperates with her to hunt down the monsters that are running loose.

Characters

Main characters

Shinichirō appears to be an average high-school student but he has an unusual ability: the Eyes of Truth, which allows him to divine the True Name of a supernatural being or person with supernatural powers when he kisses them. Since the first person to speak an individual's true name gains the ability to compel said individual to do whatever he wants (within reason), he becomes a powerful ally in Sakuya's work. Unfortunately, he learns and speaks Sakuya's true name, leaving her unable to disobey him. Originally, he lived alone in his parents' apartment, since they had gone to Europe for job training (in the manga, his father is a bad stage magician and his mother his father's assistant), but later was moved into Sakuya's house (ostensibly as her housekeeper) after they began working together. He becomes the wielder of the spirit sword Yashaou after learning its True Name when it possessed Sakuya and used her to nearly kill him.

Sakuya is the de facto or provisional 37th head of the Shimazu Family, but is in a power struggle with her younger cousin for the position. She wishes to become head of the family in order to find out what happened to her parents several years before the present. Her family is tasked with sealing monsters and spirits that cross over into this world but, unlike many in her family, does not believe that the ends justify the means and tries to keep collateral damage to a minimum. She uses a bow and arrow with several spiritual attacks in combat and, when charged-up by Shinichirō, those attacks are amplified ten-fold. At first she is reluctant to do so since it involves kissing him, but over time she comes to have feelings for him. Although she maintains a haughty attitude, her facade hides a young lady who just wants to live like a normal person. When Shinichirō discovers her True Name, she becomes unable to disobey any of his orders. In order to save face and avoid losing her position in the family, she forces Shinichirō to become her fiancé, if only in name. This twist is omitted from the anime, but is hinted at by Nami Shimazu, Sakuya's grandmother, when she calls Shinichrō "Mr. Husband". Her True Name is Isuca, a name she chose after a plush bird toy given to her by her father; the Isuca is supposed to bring luck and prevent illness. Her weakness is a fear of rats and roaches.

Suseri is Sakuya's cousin who is in the running to be the next head of the Shimazu family. She specializes in spirit summoning and wind magic. In the beginning, she seems somewhat emotionless and focused on only becoming the next head. She even tries to increase her chances of becoming the next head by attempting to steal Shinichirō away from Sakuya; an attempt by Suseri to discover Sakuya's True Name by using Shinichirō's Eyes of Truth went wrong when Shinichirō spoke Sakuya's True Name first. She later transfers to the same school as Sakuya not only to steal Shinichirō away but to also investigate the appearance of so many specters at the school. As time passes, she begins to develop feelings for Shinichirō. Because she is envious and secretly admires her older cousin, Suseri chooses her True Name to be Sakuya.

Supporting characters

A two-tailed cat-spirit with red hair and a large bosom. She can change into a giant cat form and is the first spirit whom Shinichiro meets; in the manga, she can also assume the form of a normal-sized cat. He learns her true name when she kisses him as thanks for saving her from Sakuya (in the anime, this happens after he clears her from suspicion of a lightning beast attack). Her True Name is Tama, but at her request Shinichirō gives her the name Tamako in order to disguise her True Name. Like most spirits she needs life energy to survive, though she has never attacked anyone. True to her cat-like nature, she licks Shinichirō in affection, likes to curl up in his lap and tends to eat her meals on the floor. She also has a disturbing tendency of catching prey and bringing it to him.

Shinichirō and Sakuya's homeroom teacher at the high school that they attend. She has a connection with the Shimazu Family, has been appointed by the Shimazu Family as the guardian of both Sakuya and Suseri  and helps to clean up the messes left behind Sakuya's work. She is also responsible for getting Shinichirō his job as Sakuya's housekeeper; later, she has Shinichirō moved into Sakuya's house as part of the plan to have them pose as intending to marry and moves in as well to both keep an eye on them and to investigate Shinichirō's True Name. Although she helps Sakuya, Nadeshiko supports Suseri as the next head of the family, and she loves stirring the pot now and then by flirting with Shinichirō or suggesting to the other girls ways to get closer to Shinichirō in order to make life at Sakuya's mansion interesting.

Nami is the grandmother of Sakuya and Suseri and head of the Shimazu Family. Despite her age, she maintains the image of a young girl through the use of an artificial body created by Nadeshiko and loves to play video games. She is intrigued by Shinichirō's powers as a magan and declares that the next head of the family must marry him. When her powers to control the artificial body fades, she entrusts a jewel containing great spiritual powers to Shinichirō in hopes that he can find a way to seal it. Nami had a previous encounter with the homunculus Isuca, which is the basis of Isuca's grudge against the Shimazu family.

Matsuri is Suseri's attendant and assistant. She also specializes in healing spells to lower collateral damage to innocent bystanders from battles with specters.

Isuca holds a grudge against the Shimazu family but seems to be focusing mainly on Sakuya. However, she doesn't want to kill her immediately: she first wants to torment Sakuya by killing the people closest to her until she has given in to despair and only then will she kill her. She is revealed to be a homunculus from the Asahina family, a rival family of magic users. It is not revealed why her name is the same as Sakuya's True Name, but at the end of the anime it is shown that Sakuya's father may be involved too.

Media

Manga

Anime
The opening song theme for the anime was "Never say Never" by Afilia Saga, while the ending song theme was "Somebody to Love" by TWO-FORMULA, a duo consisted of the singers and voice actresses Saeko Zōgō and Kaori Sadohara.

Reception
Allen Moody of THEM Anime Reviews wrote that the show had "more nudity (and less plot) than many H shows", and there was a lot of censored nudity in the Crunchyroll version such as a bath scene that "looks like an explosion in a White-Out factory" and "it seems like a black spot over the villainess' chest was an actual feature of her anatomy." He also wrote that the "continuity errors in a cartoon are just shameful." Chris Beveridge of The Fandom Post stated that "this might have been a decent six episode OVA series twenty years ago, but today it’s just one more brick in the wall of bland stories with milquetoast characters and nothing compelling to say". Theron Martin of Anime News Network called it a cross between Shakugan no Shana and Kekkaishi but with a lot more harem elements. He thought that the sense of timing was poor with characters talking too much during critical battle scenes, and the fanservice being pushed too hard in some places. On the positive side, the music and sound were appreciable.

The theme song "Somebody to Love" by Two-Formula reached number 135 on the Oricon charts.

Notes
  "Ch." is shortened form for chapter and refers to a chapter number of the Isuca manga
  "Ep." is shortened form for episode and refers to an episode number of the Isuca anime

References

External links

Action anime and manga
Arms Corporation
Discotek Media
Harem anime and manga
Kadokawa Dwango franchises
Kadokawa Shoten manga
Madman Entertainment anime
Seinen manga
Tokyo MX original programming