title: Nolichucky Formation

text:
The Nolichucky Formation is a geologic formation in Virginia and Tennessee. It preserves fossils dating back to the Cambrian period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Virginia
 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Tennessee
 Paleontology in Virginia
 Paleontology in Tennessee

References

Cambrian geology of Virginia
Cambrian geology of Tennessee
Cambrian southern paleotemperate deposits


title: Shady Dolomite

text:
The Shady Dolomite is a geologic formation composed of marine sedimentary rocks of early Cambrian age (Cambrian Series 2: 521-509 million years ago). It outcrops along the eastern margin of the Blue Ridge province in the southeastern United States and can be found in outcrops in the states of Alabama, Georgia, Tennessee, North Carolina, and Virginia. It can also be found in the subsurface of Kentucky, Ohio, and West Virginia. The Shady is predominantly composed of dolomite and limestone with lesser amounts of mudrock. It contains fossils of trilobites, archaeocyathids, algae, brachiopods, and echinoderms, along with the enigmatic fossil Salterella. The Shady Dolomite was first described by Arthur Keith in 1903 and was named for exposures in the Shady Valley of Johnson County in the state of Tennessee. Near Austinville, Virginia, the Shady hosts ore deposits that have been mined extensively for lead and zinc ore.

Depositional Environment
The Shady Dolomite was deposited on the margin of the paleocontinent of Laurentia. The rocks that make up the Shady represent sediment deposition on and around an ancient carbonate platform.

The initial carbonate sedimentation of the Shady began on the southern shelf of Laurentia and formed on top of the siliciclastic sequence that now make up the rocks of the Chilhowee Group. These carbonate sediments formed a carbonate ramp that over time developed into a rimmed carbonate shelf.

Economic Importance

Austinville-Ivanhoe District

Lead and zinc ore bodies of the Austinville-Ivanhoe District occur in the Shady Dolomite in the vicinity of Austinville, Virginia. They are classified as Mississippi Valley Type deposits. The main ore minerals include sphalerite, galena, and hemimorphite. Formation of the ore deposits likely occurred when warm and saline groundwater moved through the Shady in the Late Paleozoic during the Alleghanian orogeny.

Mining of the deposit began in 1756 both on the surface and underground. Over 21,000 tons of lead were mined from the district through the 1860s. During the American Civil War, lead from these mines was used to make ammunition for the Confederate States of America. Following the war, the Bertha Mineral Company took over the mining operations mined zinc from oxidized ores of hemimorphite. The New Jersey Zinc Company acquired the site in 1902 and mined both lead and zinc through 1981. Since the 1980s, dolostone been quarried and taken from existing tailings piles on the site for agricultural use.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Virginia
 Paleontology in Virginia

References

Cambrian geology of Virginia
Cambrian southern paleotemperate deposits
Cambrian geology of Tennessee


The Year's Best Science Fiction: Fourth Annual Collection  is a science fiction anthology edited by Gardner Dozois that was published in May 1987.  It is the 4th in The Year's Best Science Fiction series.  Cover art was by Alan Gutierrez.  It won the Locus Award for best anthology. It was also published in the UK as The Mammoth Book of Best New Science Fiction, the first UK edition of the series.

Contents
The book includes  stories, all first published in 1986. The book also includes a summation by Dozois, a brief introduction to each story by Dozois and a referenced list of honorable mentions for the year. The stories are as follows:

"R & R" (1986) by Lucius Shepard
"Hatrack River  [The Alvin Maker Saga]" (1986)  by Orson Scott Card
"Strangers on Paradise" (1986)  by Damon Knight (variant of "Strangers in Paradise")
"Pretty Boy Crossover" (1986)  by Pat Cadigan
"Against Babylon" (1986) by Robert Silverberg
"Fiddling for Waterbuffaloes" (1986) by S. P. Somtow ([as by Somtow Sucharitkul9
"Into Gold" (1986) by Tanith Lee
"Sea Change" (1986)  by Scott Baker
"Covenant of Souls" (1986) by Michael Swanwick
"The Pure Product" (1986) by John Kessel
"Grave Angels" (1986) by Richard Kearns
"Tangents" (1986)  by Greg Bear
"The Beautiful and the Sublime" (1986) by Bruce Sterling
"Tattoos" (1986) by Jack Dann
"Night Moves" (1986) by Tim Powers
"The Prisoner of Chillon" (1986) by James Patrick Kelly
"Chance" (1986) by Connie Willis
"And so to Bed" (1986)  by Harry Turtledove
"Fair Game" (1986) by Howard Waldrop
"Video Star" (1986) by Walter Jon Williams
"Sallie C." (1986)  by Neal Barrett, Jr.
"Jeff Beck" (1986)  by Lewis Shiner
"Surviving" (1986) by Judith Moffett
"Down and Out in the Year 2000" (1986)  by Kim Stanley Robinson
"Snake-Eyes" (1986)  by Tom Maddox
"The Gate of Ghosts" (1986) by Karen Joy Fowler
"The Winter Market" (1985) by William Gibson

References

External links
Review and synopsis by Brad Shorr

2011 anthologies
04
St. Martin's Press books


title: Big Stone Gap Shale

text:
The Big Stone Gap Shale is a geologic formation in Virginia. It preserves fossils dating back to the Carboniferous period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Virginia
 Paleontology in Virginia

References

Carboniferous geology of Virginia


title: Bluefield Shale

text:
The Bluefield Shale is a geologic formation in Virginia. It preserves fossils dating back to the Carboniferous period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Virginia
 Paleontology in Virginia
 Bluefield Formation

References

Carboniferous geology of Virginia
Carboniferous southern paleotropical deposits


title: Price Formation

text:
The Price Formation is a geologic formation in Virginia. It preserves fossils dating back to the Carboniferous period.

Fossil content

Invertebrates

Eurypterids

Plants

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Virginia
 Paleontology in Virginia

References

Geologic formations of Virginia
Geologic formations of West Virginia
Devonian geology of Virginia
Devonian West Virginia
Carboniferous geology of Virginia
Carboniferous West Virginia
Famennian Stage
Tournaisian
Carboniferous southern paleotropical deposits
Carboniferous southern paleotemperate deposits
Devonian southern paleotropical deposits
Devonian southern paleotemperate deposits


title: Cove Creek Limestone

text:
The Cove Creek Limestone is a geologic formation in Virginia. It preserves fossils dating back to the Carboniferous period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Virginia
 Paleontology in Virginia

References

Carboniferous geology of Virginia
Carboniferous southern paleotropical deposits


title: Fido Sandstone

text:
The Fido Sandstone is a geologic formation in Virginia. It preserves fossils dating back to the Carboniferous period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Virginia
 Paleontology in Virginia

References

Carboniferous geology of Virginia
Carboniferous southern paleotropical deposits
Serpukhovian


title: Gasper Limestone

text:
The Gasper Limestone is a geologic formation in Virginia. It preserves fossils dating back to the Carboniferous period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Virginia
 Paleontology in Virginia

References

Carboniferous geology of Virginia
Carboniferous southern paleotropical deposits


title: Hillsdale Limestone

text:
The Hillsdale Limestone is a geologic formation in Virginia. It preserves fossils dating back to the Carboniferous period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Virginia
 Paleontology in Virginia

References

Carboniferous geology of Virginia
Carboniferous southern paleotropical deposits


title: Little Valley Formation

text:
The Little Valley Formation is a geologic formation in Virginia, United States. It preserves fossils dating back to the Carboniferous period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Virginia
 Paleontology in Virginia

References

Carboniferous geology of Virginia
Carboniferous southern paleotropical deposits
Viséan


title: Pennington Formation

text:
The Pennington Formation is a geologic formation named for Pennington Gap, Virginia. It can be found in outcrops along Pine Mountain and Cumberland Mountain in Kentucky, Virginia, and Tennessee, where it is the uppermost Mississippian-age formation. The name has also been applied to similar Mississippian strata in the Cumberland Escarpment of eastern Kentucky, though the rocks in that area were later renamed to the Paragon Formation.

According to general usage among geologists, the Pennington Formation corresponds to shales, sandstones, and thin limestone beds located above the highest massive limestone bed of the Newman Formation. Paleosols have also been preserved in a Pennington outcrop at Pound Gap, recording a series of fluctuations in climate between dry and wet conditions. The Pennington Formation has been inferred to represent a coastal environment transitioning between a Mississippian marine basin and Pennsylvanian coal swamps.

Some parts of the Pennington Formation preserve fossils, including conodonts which are useful for biostratigraphic dating. Conodont dating indicates that the Pennington Formation formed near the end of the Mississippian subperiod of the Carboniferous period. The Pennington Formation is considered equivalent to the Hinton, Princeton, and Bluestone formations of the Mauch Chunk Group, which is exposed further north in West Virginia.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Virginia
 Paleontology in Virginia

References

Bibliography

Carboniferous geology of Virginia
Carboniferous southern paleotropical deposits


title: Pocono Mountain Formation

text:
The Pocono Mountain Formation is a geologic formation in Virginia. It preserves fossils dating back to the Carboniferous period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Virginia
 Paleontology in Virginia

References

Geologic formations of Virginia
Carboniferous southern paleotropical deposits


title: Price Sandstone

text:
The Price Sandstone is a geologic formation in Virginia. It preserves fossils dating back to the Carboniferous period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Virginia
 Paleontology in Virginia

References

Carboniferous geology of Virginia
Carboniferous southern paleotropical deposits


title: Huntersville Formation

text:
The Huntersville Formation is a geologic formation in Virginia, United States. It preserves fossils dating back to the Devonian period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Virginia
 Paleontology in Virginia

References

Devonian geology of Virginia
Devonian southern paleotemperate deposits


title: Njegbwema, Kono District

text:
Njegbwema is a village in Fiama chiefdom, Kono District in the Eastern Province of Sierra Leone. The major industry in the village is farming.

References

External links
https://web.archive.org/web/20140707005025/http://politicosl.com/2014/06/ebola-kills-57-in-sierra-leone-as-kono-bans-trade-fair/

Villages in Sierra Leone
Eastern Province, Sierra Leone


title: Romuald Jankowski

text:
Romuald Jankowski (19 February 1934 – 12 February 1994) was a Polish politician from the Polish People's Party. He served as member of the Senate from 14 October 1993 until almost one month after his death, 10 March 1994.

References

1934 births
1994 deaths
People from Lutsk
People from Wołyń Voivodeship (1921–1939)
Polish People's Party politicians
Members of the Senate of Poland 1993–1997


title: Kōji Kojima

text:
was a Japanese Olympic volleyball coach. He led the Japanese Olympic women's volleyball team to a silver medal at the 1972 Summer Olympic Games in Munich.

Kojima became the coach of the Japanese Olympic team in 1970, succeeding Hirobumi Daimatsu, whose women's team had won a gold medal at the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo. Under Kojima, Japan's women's volleyball team won silver in 1972, losing to the Soviet Union in a match played in the aftermath of the Munich massacre.

His team was favored to win gold in the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow, but Japan boycotted the games following the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. Kojima later became the  general director for the Japanese athletes at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona.

Koji Kojima died at a hospital from pneumonia on May 27, 2014, at the age of 83.

References

1931 births
2014 deaths
Japanese volleyball coaches
Olympic coaches for Japan
Kansai University alumni


title: Richard Fuller (politician, died 1782)

text:
Richard Fuller (c. 1713 – 2 January 1782) was an English banker and politician.

Early life
Some sources say he was the third son of the Reverend Joseph Fuller, a Baptist minister of Harwell in Berkshire and his wife Martha Hanson.

More likely he was the third surviving son of Thomas Fuller, a landowner at FitzHarris outside Abingdon, then in Berkshire, and his wife Hester Alder. This makes him the brother of the banker William Fuller and of Martha Fuller (1717–1805) who married the stationer George Flower (1715–1778), becoming the mother of Benjamin Flower and Richard Flower as well as mother-in-law of the Reverend John Clayton.

Career
With Frazer Honywood in 1737 he became founding partner of a private bank in Lombard Street, City of London, known initially as Atkins, Honeywood & Fuller. The firm moved to Birchin Lane about 1754 and to Cornhill about 1774. In 1746 it became Honeywood & Fuller and went through several name changes until at his death it was Richard Fuller, Sons & Vaughan. By 1891, when it was taken over, it was Fuller, Banbury, Nix & Co and has since become part of the Royal Bank of Scotland.

He inherited FitzHarris from his father and, as a Berkshire landowner, was chosen High Sheriff of Berkshire in 1754.

Entering politics, at a by-election in 1764 he was elected unopposed as a Member of Parliament for Steyning in Sussex, filling the vacancy caused by Honywood's death. Changing seats, at the 1768 general election he was returned unopposed for Stockbridge in Hampshire and held that seat until the 1774 general election.

Family
About 1755 he married Susanna Barnard (1735–1789) and together they had nine children. In 1768 he bought the estate called The Rookery at Westcott in Surrey, previously the home of the economist Thomas Robert Malthus, and he and his wife lived there for the rest of their lives.

In 1778, jointly with his brother William, he was executor of the will of his brother-in-law George Flower.  He died on 2 January 1782 and his will of 11 October 1781 was proved on 29 January 1782. His memorial in the Independent Chapel at Dorking reads :
« To the Memory of Richard Fuller Esq of the Rookery in this County who departed this life 2 January 1782 aged sixty nine years »
Susanna survived him, dying on 11 April 1789.
Of their children :
Richard Fuller entered the bank, married Frances Boulton and had five children.

Thomas Fuller was also made a partner in his father's bank, married Susannah Cromwell and in 1794 lived in Cornhill.

Lieutenant-General Sir Joseph Fuller, Knight Grand Cross of Hanover, (1771–1841) married Miranda Floyd and bought Highgate House at Eastcote, which passed to his only child Juliana Rebecca (1816–1886), wife of  Sir Hugh Purves-Hume-Campbell of Marchmont, 7th Baronet (1812–1894), MP for Berwickshire.

References

Year of birth uncertain
1713 births
1782 deaths
English bankers
18th-century English landowners
High Sheriffs of Berkshire
Members of the Parliament of Great Britain for English constituencies
British MPs 1761–1768
British MPs 1768–1774
People from Abingdon-on-Thames


title: Capula

text:
Capula Is a town in Michoacan whose name means "The Capulines" are located in the town of Morelia, Mexico and is known for its ceramics.

After the conquest of Mexico, Vasco de quiroga gathered the Purépecha Indians into several villages around Lake Pátzcuaro, and encouraged each to adopt a specific craft as a means to survival. His vision lives on years later: Capula for its rust-colored pottery.

During the autumn in this village held an annual festival called The Calacas of Capula which holds and exhibition of Capula artists

References

External links
Capula Trip Advisor

Populated places in Michoacán


title: SNCASO SO.8000 Narval

text:
The SNCASO SO.8000 Narval () was a French carrier-based strike fighter designed by Sud-Ouest in the late 1940s. The French Navy (Marine nationale) ordered two prototypes in 1946 and they made their maiden flights three years later. They were plagued by aerodynamic problems and unreliability issues with their piston engines. The aircraft proved to be slow, lacking in lateral and longitudinal stability and unsuitable for carrier operations; it did not enter production.

Design and development
The French Navy ordered two prototype SO.8000 strike fighters on 31 May 1946 to equip its aircraft carriers. If the prototypes were successful, it planned to order five pre-production models and sixty-five production aircraft. Designer Jean Dupuy developed a twin-boom pusher configuration design with a crescent wing and tricycle landing gear. The horizontal stabilizer was connected at the tops of the vertical stabilizers at the ends of the booms to avoid turbulence from the contra-rotating propeller. The pilot was provided with an ejection seat and the aircraft was intended to be fitted with six  MG 151 autocannon in the nose and to be able to carry  of ordnance under the wings. A radar system was planned to be fitted in the lower front portion of the booms while the fuel was stowed between the cockpit and the engine. Dupuy wanted to use a British Rolls-Royce Griffon engine, but it proved to be too difficult to obtain. He planned to substitute a Hispano-Suiza 12Z instead, but the engine was still too immature to be used and he had to settle for an Arsenal 12H (a copy of the Junkers Jumo 213) driving the contra-rotating propeller. Ducts on the sides of the fuselage provided air for the engine radiator while the engine's air was provided by a prominent scoop on the left side of the fuselage.

Only the first prototype was intended to be fitted with the nose guns, so the second prototype was completed first, beginning taxiing tests in December 1948. Test pilot Jacques Guignard attempted to make the first flight on 13 January 1949, but he was unable to take off despite achieving a speed of . Despite some modifications made to alleviate the problem, the second prototype still failed to take off on 25 January. The design team resorted to cutting V-shapes into the booms to give it an angle of 2°15' which would allow the aircraft to be trimmed nose-upwards to facilitate a takeoff. Further high-speed taxiing trials were made in February with promising results, but the elevator had to be enlarged from an area of , extending it past the vertical stabilizers, before it could make its maiden flight on 1 April. After modifications to its spoiler, elevator and landing gear doors, the aircraft made its next flight on 21 April.

The Narval was exhibited in that year's Paris Air Show in May and resumed flight testing. On 24 May it reached a speed of  at which time it began pitching oscillations and the controls became harder to move. The aircraft's airframe and engine were modified in August and the engine's crankshaft broke during a flight on 7 September. The Chauvière propeller proved to be a disappointment and plans were made to replace with a Rotol model although this was never implemented. During a speed run with the engine limited to 3,000 rpm on 3 November, the Narval only reached  at . A week later the aircraft was flown to the Air Force's flight-test center at Brétigny for the service evaluation. The report was damning, judging its performance and stability inadequate, which meant that it would not be a good gun platform. The test pilots noted that the Narval tended to go into a dive when engine power was reduced, something that would make carrier landings very difficult, and that it demonstrated poor flying characteristics whenever the flap were retracted or extended.

The first prototype finally made its first flight on 9 December, the test pilot, Roger Carpentier, complaining that he had to struggle to keep the wings level in flight. During a flight on the second prototype on 16 December, Carpentier confirmed most of the official observations, commenting that he found it impossible to perform an aileron roll at a speed of . Another pilot discovered that the first prototype behaved differently from the second one when the flaps were retracted, it banked to the right instead of diving. Flight testing ended on 7 January after the first prototype had only flown twice and the second one forty-four times for a total of 25 hours and 50 minutes of flight time. The aircraft were scrapped after the Narval program was cancelled in April. Contributing factors to the decision was the American delivery of Grumman F6F Hellcat and Vought F4U Corsair carrier fighters and that other French fighter projects used turbojets for power, which rendered the Narval fundamentally obsolete, despite a proposal by SNCASO in October 1948 to replace the Arsenal 12H with the British Rolls-Royce Nene turbojet as the SO.8010.

Specifications

Notes

Bibliography
 Buttler, Tony. X-Planes of Europe II: Military Prototype Aircraft from the Golden Age 1945–1974. Manchester, UK: Hikoki Publications, 2015.
Carbonel, Jean-Christophe. French Secret Projects 1: Post War Fighters. Manchester, UK: Crecy Publishing, 2016

External links
Salon Studies Flight 12 May 1949

Twin-boom aircraft
Single-engined pusher aircraft
1940s French fighter aircraft
Aircraft with contra-rotating propellers
Narval
Aircraft first flown in 1949
Low-wing aircraft


title: Lorax (disambiguation)

text:
The Lorax is a children's book by Dr. Seuss.

Lorax or LORAX may also refer to:

 The Lorax (TV special), a 1972 TV animated short based on the book
 The Lorax (film), a 2012 animated film based on the book
 The Lorax (soundtrack), the soundtrack from the 2012 film
 The Lorax (play), a 2015 stage adaptation of the book
 LORAX, a robotics project of Carnegie Mellon University
 Lori Black (born 1954), American musician, also known as Lorax


title: Benedikt Carpzov the elder

text:
Benedikt Carpzov (Brandenburg, 22 October 1565 – 1624) was a German legal scholar. After studying at Frankfort and Wittenberg, and visiting other German universities, he was made doctor of law at Wittenberg in 1590. He was admitted to the faculty of law in 1592, appointed professor of institutions in 1599, and promoted to the chair Digesti infortiati et novi in 1601. In 1602 he was summoned by Sophia, widow of the elector Christian I of Saxony, to her court at Colditz, as chancellor, and was at the same time appointed councillor of the court of appeal at Dresden. After the death of the electress in 1623 he returned to Wittenberg, and died there on 26 November 1624, leaving five sons. He published a collection of writings entitled Disputationes juridicae.

Family
 Benedikt Carpzov Jr. (1595–1666), his second son, like him was a great lawyer.
 August Carpzov (1612–1683), his fifth son, was a Saxon diplomat.

References

1565 births
1624 deaths
16th-century German jurists
17th-century German jurists


title: Social Media Working Group Act of 2014

text:
The Social Media Working Group Act of 2014 () is a bill that would direct the United States Secretary of Homeland Security to establish within the United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS) a social media working group (the Group) to provide guidance and best practices to the emergency preparedness and response community on the use of social media technologies before, during, and after a terrorist attack.

The bill was introduced into the United States House of Representatives during the 113th United States Congress.

Background

Social media

Social media is the social interaction among people in which they create, share or exchange information and ideas in virtual communities and networks. Andreas Kaplan and Michael Haenlein define social media as "a group of Internet-based applications that build on the ideological and technological foundations of Web 2.0, and that allow the creation and exchange of user-generated content." Furthermore, social media depend on mobile and web-based technologies to create highly interactive platforms through which individuals and communities share, co-create, discuss, and modify user-generated content. They introduce substantial and pervasive changes to communication between organizations, communities, and individuals.

Social media differ from traditional or industrial media in many ways, including quality, reach, frequency, usability, immediacy, and permanence.

Virtual Social Media Working Group

First responders have increasingly used social media in emergency response and recovery operations. Social media tools are used to connect with citizens after a disaster and share information.

The Virtual Social Media Working group (VSMWG) is an online platform that gives advice to first responders on how to safely and effectively use social media in emergency response operations. The working group is made up of subject matter experts from across the U.S. It was created by DHS in December 2010 and gives first responders guidance and best practices regarding the use of social media during emergencies. The DHS S&T and the VSMWG work with local and state governments, academics and nonprofits. Meetings of the VSMWG are chaired by the Under Secretary of Homeland Security for Science and Technology.

Provisions of the bill
This summary is based largely on the summary provided by the Congressional Research Service, a public domain source.

The Social Media Working Group Act of 2014 would amend the Homeland Security Act of 2002 to direct the United States Secretary of Homeland Security to establish within the United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS) a social media working group (the Group) to provide guidance and best practices to the emergency preparedness and response community on the use of social media technologies before, during, and after a terrorist attack.

The bill would require the Group to submit an annual report that includes: (1) a review of current and emerging social media technologies being used to support preparedness and response activities related to terrorist attacks, of best practices and lessons learned on the use of social media during the response to terrorist attacks that occurred during the period covered by the report, and of available training for government officials on the use of social media in response to a terrorist attack; (2) recommendations to improve DHS's use of social media and to improve information sharing among DHS and its components and among state and local governments; and (3) a summary of coordination efforts with the private sector to discuss and resolve legal, operational, technical, privacy, and security concerns.

Congressional Budget Office report
This summary is based largely on the summary provided by the Congressional Budget Office, as ordered reported by the House Committee on Homeland Security on June 11, 2014. This is a public domain source.

H.R. 4263 would direct the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) to establish a working group to provide guidance and best practices on the use of social media technologies, specifically during a terrorist attack or other emergency. The group would prepare guidance for the emergency preparedness and response community. The bill would define the membership of the working group, which would include more than 20 experts from federal, state, local, and tribal governments along with nongovernmental organizations. The working group would be exempt from the Federal Advisory Committee Act and would be authorized to hold virtual meetings to fulfill the requirement to meet twice a year. The working group would be required to submit an annual report on emerging trends and best practices for emergency response through social media.

Based on the cost of similar activities carried out under the DHS Acquisition and Accountability Efficiency Act and the Critical Infrastructure Research and Development Advancement Act of 2013, the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) estimates that the new DHS responsibilities and the annual report required by H.R. 4263 would cost a total of less than $500,000 annually, assuming the availability of appropriated funds. Enacting the legislation would not affect direct spending or revenues; therefore, pay-as-you-go procedures do not apply.

H.R. 4263 contains no intergovernmental or private-sector mandates as defined in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act and would impose no costs on state, local, or tribal governments.

Procedural history
The Social Media Working Group Act of 2014 was introduced into the United States House of Representatives on March 14, 2014, by Rep. Susan W. Brooks (R, IN-5). It was referred to the United States House Committee on Homeland Security and the United States House Homeland Security Subcommittee on Emergency Preparedness, Response, and Communications. On June 19, 2014, it was reported (amended) alongside House Report 113-480. On July 8, 2014, the House voted in Roll Call Vote 369 to pass the bill 375–19.

Debate and discussion
Nate Elliott, a social media expert at Forrester Research, explains that "the hope is when government or another authority tweets something, people will share it for them," but that this often doesn't happen. This problem, that "messages wash away very quickly," is the reason that the federal government is trying to formulate a better social media strategy.

Rep. Steven Palazzo (R-MS), who co-sponsored the bill, stated that "social media has played a crucial role in emergency preparedness and response in Mississippi, including during disasters like Hurricane Isaac and the tornadoes that hit the Hattiesburg area a little over a year ago." He said that their goal with the bill was to "build upon existing public-private partnerships and use social media in a more strategic way in order to help save lives and property."

See also
List of bills in the 113th United States Congress

References

External links

Library of Congress - Thomas H.R. 4263
beta.congress.gov H.R. 4263
GovTrack.us H.R. 4263
OpenCongress.org H.R. 4263
WashingtonWatch.com H.R. 4263
Congressional Budget Office's report on H.R. 4263
House Report 113-480 on H.R. 4263

Proposed legislation of the 113th United States Congress
Social media


title: Impatiens niamniamensis

text:
Impatiens niamniamensis, common name Congo cockatoo, parrot impatiens or simply parrot plant, is a species of flowering plant in the family Balsaminaceae.

Description
Impatiens niamniamensis grows about  long. This evergreen, perennial species has an erect, succulent, brown stem resembling wood. Leaves are simple, ovate-oblong or elliptical, spirally arranged, about 10 cm long.

This plant produces bright and colourful bird-shaped flowers (hence the common names Congo cockatoo and parrot plant) with a long, curled nectar spur. These unusual flowers vary in colour and size, but those of the clone most common in cultivation in Europe and America ('African Princess') are usually scarlet red and yellow and can reach a length of about . Fruits are explosive  capsules of about 14–16 mm.

Etymology
The epithet niamniamensis comes from the onomatopoeic name Niam-Niam which is sometimes used for the Azande people who live in the south-eastern part of the Central African Republic.

Distribution and habitat
Impatiens niamniamensis comes from tropical Africa. It can be found from Cameroon throughout tropical Africa, up to Sudan and down to the Democratic Republic of the Congo. It grows in moist and shaded bushlands, at an elevation of  above sea level.

Cultivation
This plant is widely cultivated. In temperate zones it requires protection from temperatures below . It needs a sheltered position in a partially shaded spot. Impatiens niamniamensis has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.

References

 GRIN
 The Plant List
 Data Base
 Royal Horticultural Society

External links
 Digital Botanic Garden

niamniamensis
Flora of Northeast Tropical Africa
Flora of West-Central Tropical Africa
Flora of East Tropical Africa
Flora of South Tropical Africa


title: Thomas Fitzpatrick (Queens)

text:
Thomas Fitzpatrick (February 6, 1909 – April 15, 1972) was an American lawyer and politician from New York.

Life
He was born on February 6, 1909. He attended St. Monica's School in Jamaica, Queens, and St. John's Preparatory School in Brooklyn. He graduated B.A. from St. John's College; and LL.B. and J.S.D. from St. John's University School of Law. He practiced law in New York City, and entered politics as a Democrat.

Fitzpatrick was a member of the New York State Assembly (Queens Co., 11th D.) in 1945 and 1946.

He was again a member of the State Assembly from 1949 to 1954, sitting in the 167th, 168th, 169th and 170th New York State Legislatures.

In 1954, he was appointed by Mayor Robert F. Wagner, Jr. as a City Magistrate, became a justice of the Criminal Court in 1962, and remained on the bench until his death in 1972.

He died on April 15, 1972, at his home in Jamaica, Queens, of a heart attack.

Sources

1909 births
1972 deaths
Democratic Party members of the New York State Assembly
St. John's University (New York City) alumni
Politicians from Queens, New York
Lawyers from Queens, New York
St. John's University School of Law alumni
New York (state) state court judges
20th-century American judges
20th-century American politicians


title: Eggleston Formation

text:
The Eggleston Formation is a geologic formation in Virginia. It preserves fossils dating back to the Ordovician period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Virginia
 Paleontology in Virginia

References

Ordovician geology of Virginia
Ordovician southern paleotemperate deposits


title: Lenoir Limestone

text:
The Lenoir Limestone is a geologic formation in Virginia. It preserves fossils dating back to the Ordovician period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Virginia
 Paleontology in Virginia

References

Ordovician geology of Virginia


title: Mosheim Limestone

text:
The Mosheim Limestone is a geological formation in Virginia. It preserves fossils dating back to the Ordovician period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Virginia
 Paleontology in Virginia

References

Ordovician geology of Virginia


title: Special Recognition Award

text:
The Special Recognition Award is presented by the Academy of Science Fiction, Fantasy and Horror Films, in conjunction with their annual Saturn Award ceremony.

Recipients
Below is a list of recipients and the year the award was presented:

Marc Cushman – These Are the Voyages... (2014)
Don Mancini - Child's Play/Chucky (2018)

References

External links
 Saturn Awards - Special Award Recipients

Saturn Awards


title: Roubidoux Formation

text:
The Roubidoux Formation is a geologic formation in the Ozarks of Missouri and in Virginia. It preserves fossils dating back to the Ordovician period.

Paleofauna

Monoplacophora
 Kirengella
 K. oregonensis
 Wildernessia
 W. inexpectans

Gastropoda
 Lecanospira
 L. perplana

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Missouri
 Paleontology in Missouri
 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Virginia
 Paleontology in Virginia

References

Ordovician Missouri
Ordovician geology of Virginia
Ordovician System of North America
Geologic formations of Missouri
Geologic formations of Virginia
Landforms of the Ozarks
Ordovician southern paleotemperate deposits
Ordovician southern paleotropical deposits


title: Moccasin Formation

text:
The Moccasin Formation is a geologic formation in Virginia and Tennessee. It preserves fossils dating back to the Ordovician period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Virginia
 Paleontology in Virginia

References

Ordovician geology of Virginia
Ordovician geology of Tennessee
Ordovician southern paleotemperate deposits


title: Longview Formation

text:
The Longview Formation is a geologic formation in Virginia. It preserves fossils dating back to the Ordovician period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Virginia
 Paleontology in Virginia

References

Ordovician geology of Virginia
Ordovician Alabama
Ordovician geology of Tennessee
Ordovician southern paleotemperate deposits


title: Powell Formation

text:
The Powell Formation or Powell Dolomite is a geologic formation in northern Arkansas, southeast Missouri and Virginia. It contains gastropod, cephalopod, and trilobite fossils dating back to the Ordovician Period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Arkansas
 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Missouri
 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Virginia

References

Ordovician Arkansas
Ordovician Missouri
Ordovician geology of Virginia
Ordovician geology of Tennessee
Ordovician southern paleotemperate deposits
Ordovician southern paleotropical deposits


title: Oranda Formation

text:
The Oranda Formation is a geologic formation in Virginia. It preserves fossils dating back to the Ordovician period.

This nomenclature is not in current usage.  It has been reallocated to Stickley Run Member of the Martinsburg Formation and Edinburg Formation in Virginia and West Virginia, and to the Martinsburg and Chambersburg Formation in Pennsylvania.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Virginia
 Paleontology in Virginia

References

Ordovician geology of Virginia
Ordovician southern paleotemperate deposits


title: Rockdale Run Formation

text:
The Rockdale Run Formation is a geologic formation in Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia and West Virginia. It preserves fossils dating back to the Ordovician period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Maryland
 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Pennsylvania
 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Virginia
 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in West Virginia

References

Ordovician System of North America
Ordovician Maryland
Ordovician geology of Virginia
Ordovician southern paleotemperate deposits
Lower Ordovician Series


title: Cliffield Formation

text:
The Cliffield Formation is a geologic formation in Virginia. It preserves fossils dating back to the Ordovician period.

See also
 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Virginia
 Paleontology in Virginia

References

Ordovician geology of Virginia
Ordovician southern paleotemperate deposits


title: Chepultepec Formation

text:
The Chepultepec Formation, is an Early Ordovician-age geological formation in the Appalachian regions of Eastern North America. Also known as the Chepultepec Dolomite, it is a unit of the Upper Knox Group, overlying the Copper Ridge Dolomite and underlying the Longview-Kingsport-Mascot sequence. The Chepultepec Formation is a primarily limestone and dolomite formation, the earliest formation of the Ordovician period in its area. Further north, it is equivalent to the Stonehenge Formation of the Beekmantown Group. The formation was first described from Allgood, Alabama, and has also been found in Tennessee and Virginia. Allgood was originally named "Chepultepec", providing its name to the formation as well. In Virginia, the Chepultepec Formation has a habit of forming large natural arches, including Natural Tunnel in Scott County and Natural Bridge in Rockbridge County.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Virginia
 Paleontology in Virginia
 Carbonate-hosted lead-zinc ore deposits

References

Ordovician geology of Tennessee
Ordovician geology of Virginia
Ordovician southern paleotemperate deposits


title: Cotter Formation

text:
The Cotter Formation is a geologic formation in Arkansas, Missouri, Oklahoma and in Virginia. It preserves fossils dating back to the Ordovician period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Arkansas
 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Virginia
 Paleontology in Arkansas
 Paleontology in Virginia

References

Ordovician United States
Dolomite formations
Ordovician Arkansas
Ordovician Missouri
Ordovician geology of Virginia
Ordovician geology of New York (state)
Ordovician geology of Oklahoma
Ordovician geology of Tennessee
Ordovician System of North America
Ordovician southern paleotropical deposits


title: Kombayendeh, Kono District

text:
Kombayendeh is a village in Lei Chiefdom, Kono District in the Eastern Province of Sierra Leone. The major industry in the village is farming.

The inhabitants of Kombayendeh village are almost entirely from the Kono ethnic group. The Kono language is the primary language of communication in the village.

Eastern Province, Sierra Leone
Villages in Sierra Leone


title: Bowen Formation

text:
The Bowen Formation is an Ordovician-age geological formation in the Appalachian region of the eastern United States. It occupies a thin stratigraphic range between the Wardell and Witten formations in some areas of southwest Virginia and northeast Tennessee. It is particularly well-exposed in Tazewell County, Virginia. Unlike its encompassing strata, the Bowen Formation is mostly calcareous sandstone and mudrock rather than limestone. The thicker upper part of the formation is composed of layered red mudrock which is replete with mudcracks. The thinner lower part, which is not always preserved, is a coarser unit of dark grey stratified sandstone which weathers to a rusty-brown color. Fossils are rare, restricted to stromatolites and Tetradium fibratum (a coral-like colonial organism).

The Bowen Formation was probably formed by a small lobe of a delta flowing northeast onto the carbonate platforms of the area. Mudcracks indicate that the sediments were partially exposed to the air. Shortly after deposition of the Witten Formation, similar conditions would return in force with the thick coastal red beds of the Moccasin Formation.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Virginia
 Paleontology in Virginia

References

Ordovician geology of Virginia
Ordovician southern paleotemperate deposits


title: Chambersburg Formation

text:
The Chambersburg Formation is a geologic formation in Virginia. It preserves fossils dating back to the Ordovician period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Virginia
 Paleontology in Virginia

References

Ordovician geology of Virginia
Ordovician southern paleotemperate deposits


title: Gratton Limestone

text:
The Gratton Limestone is a geologic formation in Virginia. It preserves fossils dating back to the Ordovician period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Virginia
 Paleontology in Virginia

References

Ordovician geology of Virginia


title: Bays Formation

text:
The Bays Formation is a geologic formation in Virginia. It preserves fossils dating back to the Ordovician period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Virginia
 Paleontology in Virginia

References

Ordovician geology of Virginia
Ordovician southern paleotemperate deposits


title: Wardell Formation

text:
The Wardell Formation is a geologic formation in Virginia. It preserves fossils dating back to the Ordovician period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Virginia
 Paleontology in Virginia

References

Ordovician geology of Virginia
Ordovician southern paleotemperate deposits


title: Athens Formation

text:
The Athens Formation is a geologic formation in Virginia. It preserves fossils dating back to the Ordovician period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Virginia
 Paleontology in Virginia

References

Ordovician geology of Virginia
Ordovician southern paleotemperate deposits


title: Witten Limestone

text:
The Witten Limestone is a geologic formation in Virginia. It preserves fossils dating back to the Ordovician period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Virginia
 Paleontology in Virginia

References

Ordovician geology of Virginia


title: Listed buildings in Snelson, Cheshire

text:
Snelson is a former civil parish in Cheshire East, England.  It contained two buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England as designated listed buildings, both of which are listed at Grade II.  This grade is the lowest of the three gradings given to listed buildings and is applied to "buildings of national importance and special interest".  The parish was entirely rural, its listed buildings consisting of a house and a weir associated with a country house.

References

Citations

Sources

Listed buildings in the Borough of Cheshire East
Lists of listed buildings in Cheshire


title: Otterdale Formation

text:
The Otterdale Formation is a geologic formation in Virginia. It preserves fossils dating back to the Triassic period.

It was first identified at exposures near Otterdale, Chesterfield County, Virginia, within the Richmond Basin.  Shaler and Woodworth described it as follows:
Coarse sandstones, often feldspathic, with silicified trunks of Araucarioxylon; well developed north, south, and west of Otterdale. Thickness, 500+ feet.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Virginia
 Paleontology in Virginia

References

Triassic geology of Virginia


title: Patapsco Formation

text:
The Patapsco Formation is a geologic formation of varigated clays, sandy clays, and sand in Virginia, the District of Columbia, Maryland, Delaware, Pennsylvania, and in the subsurface of New Jersey. It preserves fossils such as plants and molluscs dating back to the Cretaceous period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Virginia
 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Maryland
 Paleontology in Virginia
 Paleontology in Maryland

References

Cretaceous Maryland
Cretaceous geology of Virginia


title: St. Marys Formation

text:
The St. Marys Formation is a geologic formation in Maryland and Virginia, United States. It preserves fossils dating back to the Miocene Epoch of the Neogene period. It is the youngest Miocene formation present in the Calvert Cliffs and is part of the Chesapeake Group.

Vertebrate paleofauna
A diverse vertebrate paleofauna is known from the St. Marys Formation:

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Virginia
 Paleontology in Virginia

References

External links

Geologic formations of the United States
Neogene geology of Virginia
Neogene Maryland
Paleontology in Maryland


title: Old Church Formation

text:
The Old Church Formation is a geologic formation in Virginia and possibly Maryland. It preserves fossils dating back to the Oligocene epoch of the Paleogene period. It rarely exposes on land and is under-studied. However, deposits from this period are rare and the Old Church Formation likely contains many scientifically significant taxa. Ward (1985) recommended placing this formation in the Chesapeake Group.

Species
Some of the species known from the Old Church Formation are included below. Further study will likely reveal a more diverse fauna.

Chondrichthyans
Otodus angustidens
Hemipristis serra
Alopias vulpinus
Squatina prima?

Cetaceans
Xenorophidae sp.
Micromysticetus sp.
cf. Ankylorhiza sp.
cf. Xenorophus sloani
aff. Coronodon sp.
aff. Cotylocara sp. and Echovenator sp.
aff. Eosqualodon sp.

Chelonians
Procolpochelys charlestonensis
Carolinochelys wilsoni
Ashleychelys palmeri

Invertebrates
Mercenaria gardnerae
Anomia ruffini
"Pectin" seabeensis
"Pectin" sp.
Lucina sp.
Plicatula sp.
Epitonium sp.
Panopea sp.
Cyclocardia sp.
Astarte sp.
Pycnodonte sp.
Isognomon sp.
"Cardium" sp.
Bicorbula idonea
Macrocallista sp.
Diadora sp.
Ecphora sp.
Trophon sp.
Calypttaea sp.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Virginia
 Paleontology in Virginia

References

Geologic formations of Virginia


title: Acredale Formation

text:
The Acredale Formation is a geologic formation in Virginia. It preserves fossils dating back to the Neogene period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Virginia
 Paleontology in Virginia

References

Jurassic geology of Virginia


title: Choptank Formation

text:
The Choptank Formation is a geologic formation in Virginia and Maryland. It preserves fossils dating from the Miocene epoch of the Neogene period.

Fossils
The Choptank Formation is extremely fossiliferous. Some of the fossil species represented include the following:

Sharks
Otodus megalodon
Carcharodon hastalis
Isurus oxyrhincus
Carcharomodus escheri
Physogaleus contortus
Galeocerdo aduncus
Carcharhinus
Hemipristis serra
Squatina sp.
Notorhyncus cepedianus
Carcharias
Isurus retroflexus
Parotodus benedeni
Alopias vulpinus
Alopias grandis
Cetorhinus
Negaprion brevirostris
Rhizoprionodon
Sphryna laevissima

Rays and Other Cartilaginous Fish
Aetobatus arcuatus
Pteromyaleus sp.
Dasyatis rugosa
Dasyatis probsti
Pinthicus stenodon

Fish
Acipenseridae indet.
Opsanus sp.
Serranidae sp.
Pogonias sp.
Sciaenops sp.
Tautoga sp.
Acanthocybium cf. solandri
Thunnus sp.
Istiophorus cf. platypterus
Mola cf. pileata
Ariopsis aff. A. felis
Trisopterus sculptus
Micromesistius cognatus
Prionotus

Cetaceans
Aglaocetus sp.
Cetotheriumsp.
Delphinodon sp.
Eurhinodelphis sp.
Macrokentriodon morani
Mesocetus
Parietobalaena
Orycterocetus
Pelocetus

Pinnipeds
Callophoca obscura
Leptophoca proxima
Prophoca sp.

Crocodilians
Thecachampsa antiquus
Thecachampsa sericodon

Invertebrates
Chesapecten nefrens
Chesacardium
Euspira heros
Mariacolpus octonnaria
Macrocallista marylandica
Stewartia anodonta
Marvacrassitella marylandica
Ecphora
Panopea
Albertella aberti

Terrestrial Mammals
Cynarctus wangi
Gomphotherium calvertensis
Hipparion cf. phosphorum

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Virginia
 Paleontology in Virginia
 Paleontology in Maryland
 Calvert Cliffs State Park
 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Maryland
 Chesapeake Group

References

Neogene Maryland
Neogene geology of Virginia


title: Unlimited Fafnir

text:
Unlimited Fafnir, originally titled  is a Japanese light novel series written by Tsukasa and illustrated by Riko Korie. Kodansha has published fifteen volumes from July 2013 to November 2017 under their Kodansha Ranobe Bunko imprint. A manga adaptation with art by Saburouta began serialization in Kodansha's seinen manga magazine good! Afternoon from March 2014 to December 2015 and is being published digitally by Crunchyroll in North America. An anime television series adaptation by Diomedéa aired from January 2015 to March 2015.

Plot
The story takes place in a world where supernatural monsters known as "dragons" once existed. 25 years ago, they caused widespread destruction and burnt everything in their path, after which they mysteriously vanished. Soon afterwards, girls born with abilities similar to that of the dragons known as D's came into existence. These D's attend Midgar Academy, an all-girls academy where they can learn to control their powers and use them to battle the dragons.

However, many years later, the secret existence of the only male D in the world, Yuu Mononobe gets thrown into light. Against his wishes, he gets forcibly enrolled into the academy, where he accidentally stumbles upon a girl named Iris Freyja in a state of undress. Embarrassed, she attacks him in self-defense, but the attack ends up getting backfired. Now, Yuu must forge relationships with the other girls in the academy, which includes his adoptive sister, Mitsuki. Together, they must battle against the dragons and uncover the reason behind their sudden disappearance and reappearance.

Characters

Class Brynhildr

The protagonist and the only male "D" in the world. He is a 2nd Lieutenant in NIFL and is sent to Midgard on a mission to prevent "D" girls from becoming dragons and so causing widespread destruction. His superior, Loki considers Yū to be the best Fafnir.  Upon arriving in Midgard he is reunited with his younger sister, Mitsuki, after a separation of three years. His dark matter fictional weapon is a gun. He receives kisses from Iris on the lips, and Mitsuki, Tear, and Kili on the cheek. Yū has formed a contract with the Dragon Yggdrasil, which allows him to create Anti-Dragon Armaments, capable of killing other Dragons, but at the cost of losing his memories. He is revealed to be a Dragon in Volume 8.

The female protagonist and the oddball of class Brynhildr. Although she has a lot of power, she is inept at using it. She is on the verge of becoming a dragon and feels resigned to her fate until Yū arrives and changes her outlook at life. She also has romantic feelings for Yū, having given him her first kiss as a thank you for everything he has done for her, and is embarrassed when he compliments her on her appearance. Her dark matter fictional weapon is a magic staff called Caduceus.

The student body president of Midgar and Yū's childhood friend who becomes his adoptive younger sister; she likes her 'brother' very much. She was close friends with Haruka's younger sister, Miyako, and during the invasion of the purple Kraken, she was reluctantly forced to kill Miyako, who had become a dragon. Since then, she has been heavily burdened by the responsibility and hasn't gotten along with Lisa because of it. Her dark matter fictional weapon is a bow called Brionac.

One of the main heroines; she is a girl from class Brynhildr who thinks of her classmates as family. She has a strong animosity towards Mitsuki for killing Haruka's younger sister, even though it was the only course of action given the circumstances. She is really close to Tear and is in charge of protecting and taking care of her which brings her and Yuu closer. Her dark matter fictional weapon is a spear called Gungnir.

A girl who is into books. Her dark matter fictional weapon is a grimoire called Necronomicon.

A tomboyish girl who is a skilled martial artist. Her dark matter fictional weapon is a shield called Aegis.

An intelligent girl who is usually seen tinkering on a computer. Her dark matter fictional weapon is a mallet called Mjolnir.

A "D" girl who transfers into class Brynhildr. She claims to be Yū's wife and strongly believes herself to be a dragon. She had lived a peaceful life until a dragon cult led by Kili burned her house down and killed her parents. Having been praised by the cult, she took pride in being a dragon, but after meeting Yū she changed her outlook and devoted herself to living as a human. She considers Iris to be her rival for Yū's affections, claiming she won't lose to her.

Other characters

The leader of a dragon cult. She holds Tear in high regard and wants her to become a dragon. She disguises herself as Honoka after NIFL took custody of Tear in order to get her back. She became interested in Yū and kissed him after sparing her life.

A mysterious new student at Midgar Academy. It is later revealed that she is actually Kili.

The homeroom teacher of class Brynhildr and Colonel in NIFL. Her younger sister Miyako perished during a battle two years ago.

Yū's superior in NIFL. He ordered Yū to enroll at Midgar to keep a watch on the "D" to keep them from becoming dragons and to kill any "D" who become dragons.

The headmaster of Midgard Academy and one of the Dragons, 'Gray' Vampire. She has the appearance of a grade school girl.

Charlotte's attendant.

Media

Light novels
The first light novel volume was published on July 2, 2013 by Kodansha under their Kodansha Ranobe Bunko imprint. As of November 2017, the series is complete, with fifteen volumes having been published.

Manga
A manga adaptation, illustrated by Saburouta, was serialized in Kodansha's seinen manga magazine good! Afternoon from March 7, 2014 to December 7, 2015. Kodansha collected its chapters in four tankōbon volumes, released from October 2, 2014 to March 7, 2016.

Anime
An anime television series adaptation by Diomedéa aired from January 9, 2015 to March 26, 2015. The opening theme is "Flying fafnir", created and performed by trustrick, while the ending theme is "Ray of bullet" by Rina Hidaka and Manami Numakura voice actresses of anime heroines Iris Freyja and Mitsuki Mononobe respectively from episodes 1-12 though episode 12 was sung together with Hisako Kanemoto, Sora Tokui, Fumiko Uchimura and Ayane Sakura who are also voice actresses of Lisa Highwalker, Ariella Lu, Ren Miyazawa, and Tear Lightning respectively.

Episode list

Reception
The anime series' first episode garnered negative reviews from Anime News Network's staff during the Winter 2015 season previews. Nick Creamer criticized the rampant use of comedy gags and fantasy-harem clichés throughout the runtime and the artwork feeling lifeless and off-model, but was entertained by the unintentional humor from the show's magical terminology. Rebecca Silverman felt the premise and ideas throughout had potential but were hampered by unlikable characters and poor execution in its pacing and animation, concluding that: "If those can be resolved, it may well turn out better than it appears. As a first episode, however, it is less than impressive." Theron Martin put the show's debut alongside Absolute Duos in the run for "blandest start to the new season," criticizing the uninspired setup of its dragons, overlong character introductions and an inconsistent color palette.

References

Notes

External links
Official website
Official anime website

2013 Japanese novels
Anime and manga based on light novels
Diomedéa
Fantasy anime and manga
Harem anime and manga
Japanese fantasy novels
Kodansha manga
Kodansha Ranobe Bunko
Light novels
Seinen manga
TBS Television (Japan) original programming


title: Kempsville Formation

text:
The Kempsville Formation is a geologic formation in Virginia. It preserves fossils dating back to the Neogene period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Virginia
 Paleontology in Virginia

References

Geologic formations of Virginia


title: Norfolk Formation

text:
The Norfolk Formation is a geologic formation in Virginia. It preserves fossils dating back to the Neogene period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Virginia
 Paleontology in Virginia

References

Geologic formations of Virginia


title: Mike Johnston (ice hockey)

text:
Mike Johnston (born February 19, 1957) is a Canadian ice hockey coach who currently serves as head coach, vice president and general manager of the Portland Winterhawks of the Western Hockey League. Johnston led the Winterhawks to four consecutive WHL Finals appearances, including a championship in 2013.

After six historic seasons in Portland, Johnston was hired as the head coach of the Pittsburgh Penguins of the National Hockey League (NHL). He spent one plus season as the bench boss of the Penguins before returning to Portland in an elevated role.

During Johnston's nine years in Portland, he helped 28 Winterhawks get drafted into the NHL, including eight players being selected in the first round. Before his tenure with Portland, he worked for Team Canada and spent nearly a decade as an assistant and associate coach with the Vancouver Canucks (1999–2006) and the Los Angeles Kings (2006–2008). [1]  Currently he is a "Hockey Player Development" instructor for the online sports-career training school Sports Management Worldwide, founded and run by Dr. Lynn Lashbrook.

Coaching career
Johnston initially started coaching at the College and University level in Canada. He coached college hockey in Alberta for five seasons before becoming the head coach of the University of New Brunswick from 1989 – 1994, winning two McAdam Division titles, and finishing with three first-place finishes and an overall record of 77–44–6. He was named the 3M Coach of the Year in 1994 and won the Telegraph Journal Coach of the Year Award in 1993.

Internationally, Johnston worked for Team Canada for five seasons from 1994 to 1999 serving in the capacity of general manager and associate coach and finally head coach for the 1998–1999 season, and was an assistant coach at the 1998 Winter Olympic Games in Nagano, Japan. In addition to the championships at the senior level, Johnston won three gold medals as head coach for Canada at the Spengler Cup Tournament and two World Junior Championships as an assistant coach in 1994 and 1995.

In 1994 he became general manager and associate coach of the Canadian national men's hockey team. In 1998 he became the head coach for one season. He then spent six seasons as, at first, an assistant coach and then as an associate coach with the Vancouver Canucks. During Johnston's time in Vancouver, the Canucks made four straight trips to the postseason and won the Northwest Division in 2003–2004. After that, he was an associate coach of the Los Angeles Kings.

Western Hockey League
Johnston was the coach and general manager of the Portland Winterhawks of the WHL from 2008 to 2014, where he amassed a record of 231–114–10–10, landing him second on the Winterhawks' all-time wins list.

In his second season with the Hawks in 2009–10, Johnston guided the team to a 48-point improvement from the prior season, a franchise record, and an appearance in the second round of the playoffs. The Winterhawks topped the 100-point barrier in 2010–11 with 103 points, a U.S. Division title and then their first of four straight trips to the WHL championship series.

After 102 points in 2011–12, they advanced to the WHL championship and the first of their three straight WHL Finals series against the Edmonton Oil Kings. In 2012–13 the Winterhawks had their greatest season in team history, with franchise records of 57 wins and 117 points, and a league record 29 road wins, as they won the third WHL championship in franchise history and advanced to the final of the 2013 Memorial Cup. In 2013–14 the Winterhawks set another franchise record under Johnston, with a 21-game winning streak as they amassed 113 points and their fourth consecutive trip to the championship series. Johnston returned to the Winterhawks for the 2016–17 season as head coach, general manager and vice president of the team. In his first year back with the Winterhawks, Portland amassed 40 wins for the sixth straight season under Johnston.

Suspension
After an investigation by the Canadian Hockey League, Johnston was suspended by the Western Hockey League for the duration of the 2012–13 WHL season, after it was revealed he offered improper player benefits and committed various recruitment violations over a four-year period. Some of the noted improper benefits Johnston offered to Winterhawk players included paying for their families to come to Portland multiple times during the season by subsidizing travel costs to the city, financing private summer training programs and providing cellular telephones to the team captains. As a result of the violations, Johnston was forced to hand over his general manager and head coaching positions to assistant coach Travis Green, who would guide the club to the Ed Chynoweth Cup. As a punishment for violating league rules, the team was forced to forfeit the first five rounds of the 2013 WHL Bantam Draft, along with their first round draft picks until 2017. The investigation into Johnston's conduct came months after the Ontario Hockey League's Windsor Spitfires were fined for improper player benefits and recruitment violations. Johnston's suspension was lifted at the end of the season.

Pittsburgh Penguins
Johnston was hired as the head coach of the Pittsburgh Penguins on June 25, 2014. During the 2014–15 season, the Penguins stormed out of the gate to a 22–6–4 record, but as injuries started to mount, Pittsburgh began to struggle and finished the season eighth in the Eastern Conference. The Penguins would be eliminated in the first-round of the playoffs by the New York Rangers.

In his second season with Pittsburgh, the Penguins started the 2015–16 season 15–10–3, and Johnston was fired on December 12, 2015. In a team statement announcing the firing, general manager Jim Rutherford stated that he felt the team was "underachieving".

Johnston's combined record with the Penguins was 58–37–15.

Personal life
Johnston played hockey for Brandon University in Manitoba and Acadia University in Nova Scotia, and holds a master's degree in Coaching Science from Acadia University.

Johnston and his wife Myrna have two children, Gabby and Adam, who serves as a scout for the Portland Winterhawks.

Johnston is the uncle of professional hockey players, Ryan Johnston and Rebecca Johnston.

Awards and achievements
Spengler Cup Gold Medal – 1993
IIHF World Junior Championship Gold Medal- 1994, 1995
IIHF World Championships Bronze Medal – 1995
IIHF World Championships Silver Medal – 1996
Spengler Cup Gold Medal – 1993, 1997, 1998
IIHF World Championships Gold Medal – 1996, 1997, 2007
IIHF World Championships Silver Medal- 2008
President's Cup/Ed Chynoweth Cup – 2013

Books
Johnston has authored three books with former NHL player Ryan Walter: Simply the Best: Insights and Strategies from the Great Hockey Coaches, Simply the Best: Players on Performance, and Hockey Plays and Strategies.

WHL coaching record

NHL coaching record

International coaching record

University head coaching record

References

External links

1957 births
Living people
Canada men's national ice hockey team coaches
Ice hockey people from Nova Scotia
Los Angeles Kings coaches
Pittsburgh Penguins coaches
Portland Winterhawks coaches
Sportspeople from Dartmouth, Nova Scotia
Vancouver Canucks coaches


title: Brian Collins (speedway rider)

text:
Brian John Collins (born 13 May 1948 in Edinburgh, Scotland) is a former motorcycle speedway rider.

Career
Collins spent the first four years of his British speedway career with Edinburgh Monarchs from 1966 to 1969, although they were known as Coatbridge from 1968 to 1969. In 1968, he top scored for Scotland against England in a test match.

In 1970 and 1971, he rode for Wembley after the London team bought the Coatbridge licence before moving on to Poole Pirates for two years. He joined the Coatbridge/Glasgow Tigers in 1974 and won the Scottish Open Champion in 1975.

Also in 1975, Collins finished runner up in the 1975 The National League Riders Championship at Wimbledon. After two unbeaten rides, Collins came out against the only other unbeaten rider Paul Gachet. In their third heat, both Collins and Gachet were cut up before the first bend, Gachet's wheel being struck and, in holding his machine steady, the young Eagle found himself at the back. As he managed to pass Collins, his bike reared on the notorious second bend of Plough Lane and both he and Collins fell. Gachet was carried off and, in the re-run, Collins scored 3 points. Collins went out in the final heat needing only 1 point for a run-off and 2 for the crown. Lying second behind Les Rumsey, he fell on the third lap, remounted, but was too far behind to catch up. Then, Brian Clarke, in third place, fell off in the same spot and Collins went past him for the vital 1 point. With just two riders in the run-off Laurie Etheridge rode across Collins before the first bend and Collins picked himself up from the track and watched from the centre green as Etheridge completed four laps to become champion.

Collins rode the remainder of his career for Berwick Bandits, Glasgow and Edinburgh.

References

1948 births
Living people
British motorcycle racers
British speedway riders
Scottish speedway riders
Berwick Bandits riders
Edinburgh Monarchs riders
Glasgow Tigers riders
Poole Pirates riders
Wembley Lions riders


title: Chickahominy Formation

text:
The Chickahominy Formation is a geologic formation in Virginia. It preserves fossils dating back to the Paleogene period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Virginia
 Paleontology in Virginia

References

Paleogene geology of Virginia


title: Nanjemoy Formation

text:
The Nanjemoy Formation is a geologic formation pertaining to both the Wilcox Group and the Pamunkey Group of the eastern United States, stretching across the states of Virginia, Maryland, and District of Columbia. The formation crops out east of the Appalachians and dates back to the Paleogene period. Specifically to the Ypresian stage of the Eocene epoch, about 55 to 50 Ma or Wasatchian in the NALMA classification, defined by the contemporaneous Wasatch Formation of the Pacific US coast.

The about  thin formation crops out in a narrow irregular band and only in certain of the many creeks of the Maryland peninsula and on the southern side of the Potomac River in Virginia. The two members the formation was divided into by Clark and Martin in 1901; Potapaco and Woodstock, represent different phases in the basin history. The lower Potapaco Member is much more clayey, described as marl, than the upper Woodstock Member, probably characteristic of less storm influences in the shallow shelf sediments.

The formation has provided a wealth of fossils of mainly fish, but also mammals, reptiles, birds and flora. The presence of the sharks Otodus obliquus and Carcharocles aksuaticus, as well as various other shark and ray species are notable. Crocodylian, snake, turtle, mammal, and bird remains have all been found in the Nanjemoy Formation.

Etymology

Nanjemoy is probably an Ojibwe word, meaning "one goes downward", representing the many rivers and creeks in the wet watershed of Chesapeake Bay, an area originally inhabited by the Algonquin-speaking Nanticoke and Powhatan. The formation is named after Nanjemoy Creek, a left tributary of the Potomac River.

Wicomico is the name of two separate rivers, one on Maryland's Eastern Shore, Wicomico River (Maryland eastern shore), and another in Southern Maryland, Wicomico River (Potomac River tributary), and is the name of a small thoroughfare in southeastern Charles County.

The reason this term appears in three different places in the state simply means that the people living there when the English barged in were trying to tell them it was a nice place to live.

Wigh or wik, representing "pleasant" and accomico "dwelling, village" was the native's way of telling the Europeans they liked living there.

Potapaco was an early name for Port Tobacco Creek, that was named after the people, also known as the Piscataway.

Nanjemoy, which may contain elements of Ojibwa, by contrast means "one goes downward."

Mattawoman, found in Charles, Prince George's and on the Eastern Shore, has remnants of not only Algonquin, but Fox and Ojibwa as well, and translates to "where one goes pleasantly."

Definition

The Nanjemoy Formation was defined by Clark and Martin in 1901, as part of the mapping by the Maryland Geological Survey. The Nanjemoy Formation was divided into two members, the lower or Potapaco, and the upper or Woodstock. The main lithologic distinction is that the lower part of the Nanjemoy is much clayey than the upper part. In the subsurface, the distinction between the members is less evident than in outcrops, especially in Maryland, so the formation has been left undivided.

In the outcrops along the Potomac River near Popes Creek, the contact between the Woodstock and Potapaco at about  above the water level.

Extent

The Nanjemoy Formation, represented as Tn on the geologic map of the Washington West 30' × 60' Quadrangle, Maryland, Virginia, and Washington D.C., restricted to the southeastern side of the Potomac Basin represented in the quadrangle. Scott (2005) in his thesis included a map showing the thin bands of outcrops of both the underlying Marlboro Clay and the Nanjemoy Formation, restricted to the many creeks feeding the Chesapeake Bay.

The Nanjemoy Formation (Eocene), the Marlboro Clay (Paleocene), and the Aquia Formation (Paleocene) are present in the westernmost part of the Potomac channel.

The outcrop area of the formation is designated Nanjemoy Wildlife Management Area.

Geology

Geologically, the area of deposition of the Nanjemoy Formation is part of the Atlantic coastal plain province.

Potomac Basin
The Potomac Basin represents the central part of the Atlantic coastal plain that stretches along the Atlantic coast of Canada and the United States. The basin stretches across parts of four states (Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia and West Virginia), as well as the District of Columbia. This area is also called the Potomac watershed. It includes all of the land area where water drains towards the mouth of the Potomac – the point where the river spills into the Chesapeake Bay. The Potomac River basin is the 2nd largest watershed in the Chesapeake Bay watershed.

Land
The drainage area of the Potomac includes 14,670 square miles in four states: Virginia (5,723 sq. mi.), Maryland (3,818 sq. mi.), West Virginia (3,490 sq. mi.), Pennsylvania (1,570 sq. mi.), and the District of Columbia (69 sq. mi.). The basin’s total area varies depending on map projection used. The basin lies in five geological provinces: the Appalachian Plateau, the Ridge and Valley, Blue Ridge, Piedmont Plateau, and Coastal Plain. The Potomac meanders over 383 miles from Fairfax Stone, West Virginia to Point Lookout, Maryland. The river’s distance will vary with map projection and location of measuring tool in the river (ie. middle of the river, Maryland shoreline, Virginia shoreline).

Based on information from the NLCD 2011 database, the majority of the basin’s land area is covered by forests at 54.6 percent of the land area. Developed land makes up 14.1 percent of the basin’s land area, while agriculture covers 26.0 percent. Water and wetlands make up 5.9 percent of the basin’s land area.

The Potomac's major tributaries include: the Anacostia River, Antietam Creek, the Cacapon River, Catoctin Creek, Conococheague Creek, the Monocacy River, the North Branch, the South Branch, the Occoquan River, the Savage River, the Seneca Creek, and the Shenandoah River.

People
The population of the basin is approximately 6.11 million (2010 estimated census). The population has increased by about five percent since 2005. The following information is based on 2010 estimated census data.

Stratigraphy

The Nanjemoy Formation belongs to two geologic groups; the Wilcox Group of the Gulf of Mexico Basin in the southernmost surface expression of the formation and the Pamunkey Group in the northern and central portions from Maryland in the north through Virginia and the Carolinas. Both geologic groups have been dated to the early Paleogene; the Paleocene and Eocene periods, or in the commonly used NALMA classification; Wasatchian, defined by the age-equivalent Wasatch Formation of Wyoming.

The third-oldest unit in the Pamunkey Group is the Nanjemoy Formation that overlies the Marlboro Clay and is partly overlain by the Piney Point Formation and in many areas covered by the Miocene Calvert Formation, separated by an unconformity representing about 34 Ma.

The upper surface reaches an elevation of about  and is overlain in most places by the Calvert Formation (Tc). The unit is present only in the southeastern part of the map area of Washington D.C., and it reaches a maximum thickness of about .

Petrology
The formation comprises glauconitic quartz sand, dark-grayish-green to olive-black (tan to orange where weathered), fine to medium-grained; and dark-greenish-gray silty clay. In places, the sand is very muddy or contains many small quartz pebbles, and the clay is silty or sandy. Both lithologies contain richly fossiliferous beds including abundant mollusk shells.

Robert E. Weems and Gary J. Grimsley (1999) described the geology of the Fisher/Sullivan site in Virginia as:

Paleogeography

Climate

The climate of the Early Eocene and Late Paleocene was very hot and rich in CO2. Based on the fossils of the terrifyingly large Titanoboa cerrejonensis, dating to the latest Paleocene, a body mass of  for the snake was estimated. This enormous size could only have been possible under the most ideal conditions for such large species, around 6 to 8 Ma after the extinction of the previous megafauna; the dinosaurs. The climate of the Neotropical biome was estimated at  average yearly temperatures and 2000 ppm atmospheric CO2.

Depositional environment
The depositional environment of the Nanjemoy Formation is mostly shallow shelf. The more clayey beds suggest an area or time of quiet water, not affected by waves, tides, or current activity; intercalated sandier zones may reflect the higher energy of waves or currents during episodic storms. Its regional dip is eastward at 15–20 ft per mile (3-3.5 m/km).

Paleontology
The floral and faunal assemblage of the Nanjemoy Formation is very varied and provides an insight into the paleobiological and paleoclimatological environment of the early Eocene. Fossils of bivalves, sharks, rays, actinopterygian fishes, reptiles, birds and mammals, and of fruits and seeds are common in the Potapaco Member. More than 2000 vertebrate coprolites from the Potapaco Member at the Fisher/Sullivan Site in Virginia were analyzed by Dentzien Dias et al. (2019). The chemical composition (phosphatic), inclusions and morphology suggest that only carnivorous scats were preserved.

All Nanjemoy coprolites were produced by fishes; chondrichthyans, Carcharhiniformes, and lamniform sharks, probably the genus Carcharias. Other morphotypes were produced by actinopterygian fishes. The surface marks and the lack of flatness on most coprolites suggests early lithification of the Potapaco Member.

Main fossil sites of the Nanjemoy Formation are
 Nanjemoy Creek; Charles County, MD
 Woodstock; King George County, VA
 Fisher/Sullivan; Stafford County, VA
 Evergreen Plantation; Prince Charles County, VA

Fisher/Sullivan site, VA
In October 1990, Mr. Richard Brezina of the Maryland Geological Society discovered an important fossil site east of Fredericksburg, in eastern Stafford County, Virginia. This locality, along an unnamed tributary of Muddy Creek, became known as the Fisher/Sullivan site in recognition of its principle landowners.

Mr. Brezina immediately realized that the site was exceptional, because it yielded numerous shark teeth and other vertebrate remains from the sands and gravels in the unnamed tributary. Mr. Brezina notified other members of the Maryland Geological Society, and together members of the MGS began to screen stream sediments at the site for more shark teeth and other remains. It soon became apparent, from the types of teeth that were being found and from the color and texture of the sediments in the banks of the creek, that the fossils were being reworked from glauconitic ("greensand") horizons of the Lower Tertiary (Paleocene-Eocene) Pamunkey Group.

Because the Pamunkey Group previously had yielded only sparse vertebrate remains, it seemed reasonable to suspect that this locality was scientifically important.

Fossil content
Among many invertebrates (gastropods, bivalves, corals, bryozoans), the following fossils have been reported from the Nanjemoy Formation:

Contemporaneous fossiliferous units

Ypresian, Wasatchian and Casamayoran formations:

North America
 Manasquan Formation, New Jersey
 Bashi Formation, Alabama
 Hatchetigbee Bluff and Sabinetown Bluff Formations, Southeastern United States
 Klondike Mountain Formation, Republic & Curlew Basin, Washington State
 Crescent Formation, Washington
 Allenby and Coldwater Beds Formations and Ootsa Lake and Kamloops Group, British Columbia
 Lookingglass and Umpqua Formations, Oregon
 Wasatch Formation, and Tatman, Willwood, Wind River, Pass Peak and Indian Meadows Formations, Wyoming
 Challis Volcanics Formation, Idaho
 Golden Valley Formation, North Dakota
 Claron Formation, Utah
 Green River Formation, western United States
 Coalmont, Cuchara and DeBeque Formations, Colorado
 Sheep Pass Formation, Nevada
 San Jose and Galisteo Formations, New Mexico
 Capay, Juncal, Llajas, Maniobra, Matilija, Meganos & Santa Susana Formations, California
 Margaret Formation, Northwest Territories and Nunavut, Canada
 Mokka Fiord Formation, Remus Basin, Northern Territories
 Bateque and Las Tetas de Cabra Formations, Baja California
 Hannold Hill and Pendleton Ferry Formations, Gulf of Mexico
 Adjuntas and Indio Formations and Lechería Limestone, Mexico
 Descartes Formation, Costa Rica
 Stettin Formation, Jamaica
 Scotland Formation, Barbados
 Lizard Springs Formation, Trinidad and Tobago

South America
 Bogotá Formation, Altiplano Cundiboyacense, Colombia
 Cerrejón Formation, Cesar-Ranchería Basin, Colombia
 Los Cuervos Formation, Catatumbo, Cesar-Ranchería and Llanos Basins, Colombia
 Caballas Formation, Pisco Basin, Peru
 Chacras and Negritos Formations, Peru
 Fonseca Formation, Brazil
 Itaboraí Formation, Itaboraí Basin, Brazil
 Lumbrera Formation, Salta Basin, Argentina
 Laguna del Hunco Formation, Cañadón Asfalto Basin, Argentina
 Huitrera Formation, Neuquén Basin, Argentina
 Sarmiento and Ventana Formations, Golfo San Jorge Basin, Argentina
 Las Flores Formation, Austral Basin, Argentina

Antarctica
 lower La Meseta Formation

Europe
 Kortrijk Clay, Bruxellian Formation and Dormaal Member of Tienen Formation, Belgium
 Sables de Pierrefonds, Calcares marins à alvéolines, Lignites de Soissonais, Marnes de Foncouverte, Argiles d'lignite du Soissonnais, Marnes de Gan and Carcassonne Group, France
 Fur Formation, Ølst Formation and southeastern North Sea Graben, Denmark
 Balder Formation, Faroe-Shetland Basin, North Sea
 London Clay, Bagshot Formation, London Basin, England
 Oldhaven Formation, England
 Roterzschicht Formation, Austria
 Lefkara Formation, Cyprus
 Silveirinha Formation, Portugal
 Armàncies, Corca and Roda Formations, Spain
 Pesciara Formation, Italy
 , Monte Bolca, Italy

Asia
 Çeltek, Kirkkavak and Yoncali Formations, Turkey
 Umm al-Rua’us Formation, Saudi Arabia
 Alai Beds, Kyrgyzstan
 Ghazij, Mami Khel and Shekhan Formations, Pakistan
 Cambay Shale, Naredi and Subathu Formations, Sylhet Limestone and Upper Ranikot Group, India
 Dabu, Qimugen Formation and Ulunguhe Formations, Xinjiang, China
 Arshanto Formation, Inner Mongolia, China
 Yangxi Formation, Hubei, China
 Lingcha Formation, Hunan, China
 Wutu Formation, Shandong, China
 Tadushi Formation, Primorsky Krai, Russia
 Takaradayskaya Formation, Sakhalin, Russia
 Ommai Formation, Kamchatka, Russia
 Akasaki Formation, Japan

Africa
 Esna, El Rufuf Formation and Thebes Formations, Egypt
 Al Jir and Jdeir Formations, Libya
 Gafsa Phosphates Formation, Tunisia
 Ait Ouarhitane Formation, Morocco
 Tamaguélelt Formation, Mali
 Thies Formation, Senegal
 Auradu Formation, Somalia
 Landana Formation, Cabinda, Angola

Oceania
 Red Bluff Tuff Formation, Tutuiri Greensand and Tumaio and Te Whanga Limestones, New Zealand
 Macquarie Harbor Formation, Tasmania, Australia
 Dilwyn Formation, Victoria
 Redbank Plains Formation, Queensland
 Jubilee Member of Cardabia Formation, Western Australia

See also

Regional geology
 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Maryland, Virginia
 Geology of Chesapeake Bay, Appalachians
 Chesapeake Bay impact crater

Paleontology
 North American land mammal ages
 Bumbanian, Casamayoran, Mangaorapan, Waipawan
 Paleontology in Maryland, Virginia
 Princeton Chert
 Barylambda

References

Bibliography
Nanjemoy

Potomac Basin

Geology publications

Paleontology publications

Further reading

Ancient publications
 R. E. Weems. 1985. Vertebrate biozones of the Pamunkey Group (Paleocene and Eocene, Maryland and Virginia). Stratigraphy and paleontology of the outcropping Tertiary beds in the Pamunkey River region, central Virginia Coastal Plain—Guidebook for Atlantic Coastal Plain Geological Association 1984 field Trip: Atlantic Coastal Plain Geological Association 198-209
 R. Weems and S. Horman. 1983. Teleost fish remains (Osteoglossidae, Blochiidae, Scombridae, Triodontidae, Diodontidae) from the Lower Eocene Nanjemoy Formation of Maryland. Proceedings of The Biological Society of Washington 96(1):38-49
 K. V. Palmer and D. C. Brann. 1965. Catalogue of the Paleocene and Eocene molluscs of the southern and eastern United States. Part 1. Pelecypoda, Amphineura, Peteropoda, Scaphopoda and Cephalopoda. Bulletins of American Paleontology 48:1-471
 S.F. Blake. 1941. Note on a vertebra of Palaeophis from the Eocene of Maryland. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 31(12):501-503
 W. B. Clark and G. C. Martin. 1901. Mollusca. Maryland Geological Survey, Eocene 122-203
 C. R. Eastman. 1901. Pisces. Maryland Geological Survey Eocene 98-115
 W. B. Clark. 1895. Contributions to the Eocene fauna of the Middle Atlantic slope. Johns Hopkins University Circulars 15(121):3-6

Geologic formations of the United States
Geologic formations of Maryland
Geologic formations of Virginia
Paleogene Maryland
Paleogene geology of Virginia
Ypresian Stage
Wasatchian
Sandstone formations
Shale formations
Limestone formations
Shallow marine deposits
Formations
Paleontology in Maryland
Paleontology in Virginia
Formations
Formations


title: Piney Point Formation

text:
The Piney Point Formation is a geologic formation in Virginia. It preserves fossils dating back to the Lutetian Stage of the Eocene Epoch of the Paleogene period.

Species
The following species are known from this formation. Keep in mind, this formation is vastly understudied, so the fauna represented is poorly known.

Chondrichthyans
Carcharocles auriculatus
Galeocerdo eaglesomi
Nebrius thielensis
Striatolamia macrota
Carcharias hopei
Carcharias acutissima
Jaekelotodus trigonalis
Isurus praecursor
Scyliorhinus gilbberti
Abdounia beaugei
Abdounia lapierrei
Abdounia recticona
Adbounia spp.
Galeocerdo latidens
Hemipristis curvatus?
Carcarhinus gibbesi
Galeorhinus ypresiensis
Galeorhinus sp.
Physogaleus secundus
Coupatezia woutersi
Pristis lathami
Rhynchobatus vincenti
Rhinobatis bruxelliensis
Aetobatus irregularis
Myliobatis dixoni
Myliobatis spp.

Chelonians
Allaeochelys sp.

Cetaceans
Basilotritus woodwardi

Invertebrates
Cubitostrea sellaeformis
Anomia lisbonensis
Plicatula fliamentosa
"Pecten" sp. (At least 3 distinct species)
Glycymeris lisbonensis
Leda semen
Leda coelatella
Venericardia rotunda
Macrocallista perovata
Anapteris regalis
Caestocorbula fossata
Corbula sp.
Turritella nasuta
Dentalium sp. (at least 2 distinct species)

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Virginia
 Paleontology in Virginia

References

Paleogene geology of Virginia


title: 1622 in Spain

text:
Events in the year 1622 in Spain.

Incumbents
Monarch: Philip IV

Events
February 3 - Siege of Jülich ends with Spanish victory
July 18-October 2 - Siege of Bergen-op-Zoom: Spanish defeated with 5,000 casualties

Births

Deaths

1620s in Spain


title: Art and engraving on United States banknotes

text:
In early 18th century Colonial America, engravers began experimenting with copper plates as an alternative medium to wood. Applied to the production of paper currency, copper-plate engraving allowed for greater detail and production during printing. It was the transition to steel engraving that enabled banknote design and printing to rapidly advance in the United States during the 19th century.

Engraving and printing early American banknotes

The first issue of government-authorized paper currency in America was printed by the Province of Massachusetts Bay in 1690. This first issue, dated 10 December 1690, was printed from an engraved copper plate with four subjects to a sheet. The first engraver identified in archival records was John Coney who appears to have been paid 30£ on 12 March 1703 to engrave three copper plates for the Massachusetts issue dated 21 November 1702. Given the many design similarities between the 1690 note and those engraved by Coney in 1702, there has been speculation that he may have engraved the earlier note. If true, he would be the first American to engrave on copper plates. Several historical figures with a background in engraving and printing were involved in the production of early American currency.

Benjamin Franklin began printing Province of Pennsylvania notes in 1729, took on a partner (David Hall) in 1749, and then left the currency printing business after the 1764 issue. Paul Revere both engraved and printed bank notes for the Province and then the state of Massachusetts between 1775 and 1779, and the Province of New Hampshire in 1775. Revere's father, Apollos Rivoire, was John Coney's pupil. David Rittenhouse engraved some border designs for the 10 May 1775 Continental currency and 25 March 1776 Colony of New Jersey  6£ note. Francis Hopkinson does not appear to have done engraving, but he is credited with the designs for border-cuts, emblems, and mottos on three issues of Continental currency in 1778–1779.

Engraving and printing at the U.S. Treasury
The first series of Federally-issued United States banknotes  was authorized by Congressional acts on 17 July 1861 () and 5 August 1861 (). While the Demand Notes were issued from the United States Treasury, they were engraved and printed elsewhere.  In 1861, in fact until the mid-1870s, the Treasury Department lacked the facilities or infrastructure to engrave and print the bulk of it financial paper and therefore relied on external contracts with private bank note companies. By means of a Congressional act dated 11 July 1862 (), the Secretary of the Treasury received authorization to purchase machinery and employ the staff necessary to manufacture currency at the Treasury. It was not until 1877 () that the Bureau of Engraving and Printing was given funding for labor, paper, transportation, and other expenses with the provision that all work be conducted on site, and for a price commensurate with that of the private bank note companies. On 1 October 1877, the BEP took over the production of both United States Note and National Bank Note production.

National Bank Notes
“TO ARTISTS, ENGRAVERS AND OTHERS – Designs for National Currency Notes are hereby invited, of the denominations of $5, $10, $20, $50, $100, $500 and $1,000, to be issued under the Act of Congress authorizing a National Currency, approved 25 February 1863”. Salmon Chase, Secretary of the Treasury, placed this classified notice in late March, 1863. Other than describe some of the required features of each note (e.g., legal wording, placement of Treasury signatures, etc.), the only direction given to prospective applicants was that submissions must be original (i.e., they cannot have ever been illustrated on U.S. currency) and that "the designs must be national in their character". It is uncertain how many proposals were submitted, or what was involved in the selection process, but the final decision was to draw heavily on the use of historic American images which adorn the Capitol Rotunda. The motivation for this selection was two-fold: educationally it would circulate images depicting important scenes from American history while at the same time enhancing the security of the note by involving highly complex engravings.

By July 1863, contracts were signed with American Bank Note Company (ABNCo) and Continental Bank Note Company (CBNCo) (which would later be absorbed by ABNCo) to design, engrave, and begin printing National Bank Notes. ABNCo was contracted for the $20, $50, and $100 denominations, CBNCo was contracted for the $5 and $10 denominations, and National Bank Note Company contracted for the designs for the $2, $500, and $1,000 denominations. The contract descriptions addresses each denomination individually and specifies which image from the Capitol Rotunda should be used for the reverse and what type of vignettes should be on the obverse (with specific names).

The first National Bank Notes were issued on 21 December 1863.

Denomination set of first issue/design National Bank Notes

Gallery of related artwork

Interest Bearing Notes

Other

Portraits

Footnotes

Notes

References

Banknotes of the United States
Banknote


title: Ludwig Refinger

text:
Ludwig Refinger (sometimes Reffinger, born c. 1515, died in Munich 1549) was a German Northern renaissance painter.

Life and works
Refinger began his career as an apprentice to Wolfgang Mielich, and then started working with Barthel Beham. He received commissions by the Duke of Bavaria, William IV in 1537 and 1540. He contributed three pictures to a history cycle commissioned by the Duke. After Beham's death in 1540, he married his widow. In 1542 he again received a ducal commission, this time by Louis X to paint ceilings and design stained glass windows for the Landshut Residence.

His paintings show similarities to those of Barthel Beham and Hans Schöpfer the Elder, as well as influences from Italian art from the beginning of the 16th century.

References

External links

16th-century German painters
German male painters
1515 births
1549 deaths


title: Edward Burke (priest)

text:
Edward William Burke (3 July 1847 – 10 November 1915) was a priest, president of Carlow College, and founder of St. Joseph's Academy, was born in Clane, County Kildare, Ireland. He attended Carlow College and shortly after, he went Maynooth College, where he became an ordained priest. After one year in Dunboyne Institute, he subsequently became a professor, vice-president and president of Carlow College, and parish priest of Bagenalstown, County Carlow. He also established St. Joseph's Academy of Bagenalstown.

Burke was born in Hodgestown, Clane, Co. Kildare, on 3 July 1847. He was educated at Carlow College, and at Maynooth before being ordained for the priesthood in Maynooth in 1869.

Following a year in the Dunboyne Institute in Maynooth, Burke became a professor in Carlow College], served as vice-president of the college from 1874 and as College president from 1880 until 1892. In 1890 he was  appointed parish priest of Bagenalstown, Co. Carlow.

During his presidency of Carlow College the College Chapel was built, also the transfer of the Lay College to Knockbeg occurred during his tenure in Carlow College.

While in Bagenalstown, Burke established St. Joseph’s Academy and invited the De La Salle Brothers to staff both it and St. Brigid’s National School.

He died on 10 November 1915.

See also
Catholic Church in Ireland

References

Alumni of Carlow College
Alumni of St Patrick's College, Maynooth
Academics of St. Patrick's, Carlow College
1847 births
1915 deaths
20th-century Irish Roman Catholic priests
19th-century Irish Roman Catholic priests
Christian clergy from County Kildare
People from Clane


title: Celebrity (American TV series)

text:
Celebrity is a television drama series based on a novel by Thomas Thompson. It was broadcast from February 12, 1984 to February 14, 1984 on NBC.

Plot
During their days as high school students, the three friends T.J. Luther, Mack Crawford and Kleber Cantrell commit a rape. While one of them rapes the girl, the other two hear the screams of the girl and watch the rape. The girl dies. Luther, Crawford and Cantrell hide the body and promise each other not to speak about this ever again. As grown ups each of them is very successful. One of them is a moviestar, the other one is a famous journalist and the third one a demagogic evangelist. When they meet up again, the meeting  ends in tragedy. One of the friends is shot, the other one is terribly hurt and the third one is the murderer.

Series information
Celebrity is based on a 1983 novel by Thomas Thompson. The series was filmed in Texas, New York and Los Angeles and is altogether six and a half hours long. In Germany, the UK and North America the series is published on VHS. The series was shown in Spain, Brazil, Finland, Turkey and Canada.

Cast

Awards and nominations

Nominations
Primetime Emmy Awards
 1984: Outstanding Cinematography for a Limited Series or a Special (Philip H. Lathrop)

Edgar Allan Poe Awards:
 1985: Best Television Feature or Miniseries (William Hanley)

Critical reception
John J. Connor (The New York Times) mentions that the series has a strong cast. Furthermore, the series has a great script, which includes the major events during the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s, such as the Vietnam War or the assassination of John F. Kennedy. Tom Shales (The Deseret News) adds that the tale is very well plotted and "irresistible as a good rumor". According to Arthur Unger (Monitor) Celebrity is easy to watch and once started is difficult to stop.

References

External links

1984 American television series debuts
1984 American television series endings
1980s American LGBT-related drama television series
English-language television shows
NBC original programming
Rape in television


title: Nadihal

text:
Nadihal is a village located in the north of the Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. It is just 4 km away from Bandipora town, and 51 km away from Srinagar. It the largest village in Bandipora district. There are many small villages around it. It is a prosperous and modern village with a population of 5167 (as per 2011 official census) . Nadihal is inhabited by only Muslims. In this village, there are two government middle schools, one higher secondary school, and two high schools. Besides Government-run schools, there are a few private schools and a Public Institute Popularly known as Radiant Public Secondary School as well in this village.  The level of education in Nadihal is moderate but has significantly increased in recent times.

The main occupations of the people include agriculture, trade and services.

Nadihal has a government dispensary, a panchayat ghar, A Panchayat Bhawan, and a recently allocated ISM (Indian System of Medicine) hospital. Nadihal has several sweet water springs. The famous one is located near Dispensary. There are also two bank branches: Grameen Bank and recently established J&K Bank branch (inaugurated 2017).Besides Nadihal has a common services centre popularly Known as Khidmat Centre (J&K Bank Franchise) that caters the needs of IT Services, internet services, air ticket facilities, G2C Services, B2C Services, door step banking facilities to almost 5-6 nearby villages.

In Nadihal, there are 8 mosques, a Jamia mosque and an Eid Gah. The main Jamia Masjid called "Markazi Jamia Masjid Nadihal" run by local Auqaf committee (that consists of people from all walks of life, to give due representation all al mosques) is located near the main bus stop. It is extensively decorated and has almost four storeys.

Nadihal market consists of almost 250 shops selling groceries, vegetables and fruits, medicine, timber, steel and iron. The Nadihal market is now so well established that you can find everything in the market from the roofing tiles to medicines.

In common with other parts of the district, Nadihal village is also known for its scenery and plentiful availability of water. It is located on the banks of Wular Lake. An extensive view of the village can be seen from a nearby resort Wular Vintage Park.

References

External links
 Indiamapia.com - Nadihal

Villages in Bandipora district


title: 1621 in Spain

text:
Events in the year 1621 in Spain.

Incumbents
Monarch: Philip III until March 31, Philip IV since March 31

Events
August 10 - Eighty Years' War: Battle of Gibraltar (1621)
September 5 - Thirty Years' War: beginning of the Siege of Jülich

Births

Deaths
March 31 - Philip III (born 1578)

1620s in Spain