title: Cuban Pacification Medal (Navy)

text:
The Cuban Pacification Medal (Navy) is a military award of the United States Navy which was created by orders of the United States Navy Department on 13 August 1909. The medal was awarded to officers and enlisted men who served ashore in Cuba between 12 September 1906 and 1 April 1909, or who were attached to a specific number of ships, for the Cuban Pacification.

Eligible ships
The crews of the following ships were awarded the Cuban Pacification Medal (Navy) for service during the noted periods of time:

References

United States service medals
Cuba
Aftermath of the Spanish–American War
Awards and decorations of the United States Navy
1909 establishments in the United States
Cuba–United States military relations
Military awards and decorations of the Spanish–American War


title: Sailing at the 2010 Asian Games – Men's Laser

text:
The men's Laser competition at the 2010 Asian Games in Shanwei was held from 14 to 20 November 2010.

Schedule
All times are China Standard Time (UTC+08:00)

Results
Legend
DNF — Did not finish
DSQ — Disqualification
OCS — On course side

References

External links

Men's Laser
Laser (dinghy) class sailing competitions


title: Freedom Planet

text:
Freedom Planet is a 2014 platform game developed and published by American video game designer Sabrina DiDuro, for her studio GalaxyTrail. The player controls one of three anthropomorphic animal protagonists: the dragon girl Lilac, the wildcat Carol, or the basset hound Milla. Aided by a duck-like alien named Torque, the girls attempt to defeat the evil Lord Brevon, who plans to steal the Kingdom Stone and conquer the galaxy. While the game focuses on fast-paced platforming, its levels are interspersed with slower action scenes.

DiDuro first began developing Freedom Planet as a Sonic the Hedgehog fangame using characters created by DeviantArt user Ziyo Ling for its main cast. Early into development, she lost interest in creating a derivative work and reconceived the project as her own intellectual property. Sash Lilac, originally a hedgehog, became a dragon; antagonist Doctor Eggman was replaced by Lord Brevon with his eyebrows resembling Doctor Eggman's mustache; and the Sonic series' ring-based health system was abandoned. Further changes were suggested by fans and incorporated throughout development. Freedom Planet was developed in Denmark and the United States, with its art direction carrying East Asian influences, such as medieval Chinese art inspiring its background visuals.

With development focused on the Windows platform, the game started out as a demo first released in August 2012 and was, after a successful Kickstarter campaign, released in its entirety via Steam in July 2014. Freedom Planet was later released for the Wii U in October 2015, for the PlayStation 4 in 2017, and for the Nintendo Switch in August 2018. The game received largely positive reviews; critics praised its gameplay, visuals, music, aesthetics, sense of humor and balance of Sonic elements with original content, but were mixed on its pacing, voice acting, story and the abundance of long cutscenes.

A sequel, Freedom Planet 2, was released in September 2022 for Windows. Ports for the Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Xbox One, and Xbox Series X/S will follow in 2023.

Gameplay

Freedom Planet is a 2D platform game. The player directs one of three characters—Lilac, Carol, or Milla—to run and jump through levels and destroy robotic enemies. Levels contain obstacles such as corkscrews, loop-the-loops, hills, ramps, and rock walls. The player fights a miniboss in the middle of each level and a main boss at the end, after which the story is advanced by cutscenes. Because of its aesthetics, level design, and fast-paced gameplay, Freedom Planet has been compared to the Sonic the Hedgehog games released for the Sega Genesis in the early 1990s.

Unlike in Sonic, the player character has a hit point meter instead of a ring-based health system. To refill this meter, the player collects red leaves dropped by enemies and scattered throughout levels. Lilac's and Carol's maximum health are seven leaves, Milla's is four. Being hit by enemies' and bosses' attacks reduces the character's health, and a life is deducted when no health remains. If all lives are lost, a game over screen appears, but the player may freely restart from the last checkpoint. Extra lives can be found within levels, as can shield and invincibility-type power-ups.

Each of the playable characters make use of an "attack" and "special" button. Lilac and Carol both make use of an energy gauge on the heads-up display, which recharges on its own and limits the use of their special moves. The gauge can be recharged quicker by collecting crystals and keystones.

Lilac's basic attacks consist of strong but sluggish hair whips, an uppercut into the air, a crouching kick, and a dive kick from midair. The Dragon Cyclone, used by pressing jump midair, lets Lilac spin like a spinning top and deal touch damage but also acts as a double jump with reduced gravity. Pressing the special button with a full energy gauge activates the Dragon Boost, an eight-directional air dash that deals heavy touch damage and makes her temporarily invincible.

Carol regularly attacks with a cycle of three fast but weak punches, which is changed into a single strong claw attack while rolling or pouncing. The pounce acts as Carol's double jump, slightly moving her forward. Her special attack is a series of rapid kicks which steadily consume a fifth of the energy gauge and give her invincibility. Collecting a fuel tank mid-stage allows her to change into a "motorcycle mode", where her top speed is increased and her acceleration doubled. During "motorcycle mode", the double jump becomes a rolling attack and gets the same properties as Lilac's cyclone move. Pressing "special" on-ground triggers a nitro boost that consumes energy. For vertical mobility, the normal Carol is able of doing a wall jump, "motorcycle mode" Carol can ride up walls. Another set piece only Carol can interact with properly are jump pads, which are placed in a set order and lead to alternating paths by jumping off of them in succession.

Milla, who does not have an energy gauge, can create a cube of energy by holding down the attack button, which she can then throw at enemies. Holding down the special button lets her pull out her shield that can reflect projectiles. Pressing "special" while holding a cube lets Milla use the Super Shield Burst, a strong mid-range beam which pushes Milla in the opposite direction. Milla can fly for a short time while holding the jump button midair by flapping her ears like wings. Milla is considered to be the hardest to play as, since she only has 6 life petals and even though she could heavily damage an enemy by throwing a cube or reflect projectiles, it would always take some time before she could summon an energy block again.

The player may complete the game in either the "Adventure" mode with all cutscenes or "Classic" mode, which omits them In Adventure mode, upon first starting the game, players are only given the option to select from either Lilac or Carol after a cutscene, in which the two temporarily split up. Milla is unlocked by clearing the second stage, Relic Maze, as either Lilac or Carol. Once a stage been cleared for the first time, it is unlocked in the character's time attack mode, wherein the player tries to finish the level in the fastest possible time. Players earn achievements by accomplishing certain goals, such as completing the game as a character or defeating an end boss with a special move.

Plot
The game begins as Sash Lilac and Carol Tea—an anthropomorphic dragon and wildcat —rescue a duck-billed creature named Torque after his spacecraft crash lands. At Torque's request, the three set out to protect a powerful relic called the Kingdom Stone. This involves them in a conflict between three nations on their planet: Shuigang, a country militarized by its new king, Dail; Shang Mu, led by the wealth-obsessed Mayor Zao ( or ); and Shang Tu, whose Royal Magister is unprepared for war. Lilac and Carol rush to the Kingdom Stone's shrine but are waylaid by the Shang Tu officers General Gong and Neera Li, who doubt that the Stone is threatened. The protagonists arrive just as the Stone is stolen by Spade, a henchman hired by Zao. After the shrine collapses, Carol is separated from Lilac and pinned by rubble, but gets saved by the timid basset hound Milla () Basset.

That night, Torque tells Lilac, Carol, and Milla that he is an alien sent to apprehend the intergalactic warlord Arktivus Brevon, whose spacecraft wrecked on the planet. Brevon has invaded Shuigang, murdered its king, and brainwashed prince Dail to be his servant. He intends to steal the Stone to power his ship. The protagonists decide to reclaim the Stone from Zao, but they are accosted en route by Spade and Brevon's assistant, Serpentine. In a conversation with Spade, it's revealed that he secretly worked for his half-brother Dail all along. Talking to Spade soon falls short as the group is suddenly attacked by Serpentine using one of his mechs. The delays given by the chase give Dail and Brevon's forces time to steal the relic.

Afterward, Zao sends the protagonists as emissaries to Shang Tu to discuss an alliance against Shuigang. Traveling by airship, the team gets ambushed by Shuigang's sky battalion, and they crash into a river leading to Shang Tu. Arriving at the palace, they are detained by the Magister, as Neera accuses them of trying to cover up Zao's crimes. After an unsuccessful attempt of Milla to break out of jail, Torque is acquitted when Lilac falsely pleads guilty. Lilac, Carol, and Milla quickly break out together to reunite with Torque, only to see him captured by Brevon and Serpentine.

Carol quarrels with Lilac and storms off. Lilac sends Milla to find her and then goes to save Torque from Brevon's nearby base, but she is captured and tortured by Brevon. Meanwhile, Carol and Milla ally with Spade to storm the base, where they rescue Torque and Lilac. They are all separated in the ensuing conflict. Neera finds Lilac, arrests her, and brings her back to Shang Tu, where the Magister determines that she is innocent and reveals that Zao is challenging Shuigang for the Stone. Lilac rejoins her friends and convinces Shang Mu and Shang Tu to unite against Dail and Brevon's army. During the battle, Brevon announces that his ship is repaired, and Lilac, Milla, and Carol board it. The team combats Brevon's minions, including a mutated Serpentine. Brevon captures Milla and turns her into a grotesque monster that attacks the other protagonists, who are forced to render her unconscious. Enraged, Lilac and Carol attack and defeat Brevon, but the Kingdom Stone is destroyed in the process. Although he was defeated by the girls, Brevon has seemingly disappeared. Shortly after the battle, Milla awakens in a medical tent and sees the sky lit up by swirling, crystalline energy released from the Kingdom Stone. The realization of the Kingdom Stone persisting in a different form brought an end to the war. Once Milla has fully recovered, Torque says goodbye to the girls and returns to space, with the promise that he will one day meet them again.

Development
Freedom Planet was conceived in late 2011 by American game designer and programmer Sabrina DiDuro, who had just founded the independent developer GalaxyTrail Games a few years prior. Using the Multimedia Fusion 2 engine, the game was intended to be a small Flash game to "hone [her] skills as a game designer" but quickly grew to become a full indie game set in an original universe. After struggling to find a fitting name for the game, it was made up of the first two words that came in DiDuro's mind, "freedom" and "planet".

Before becoming its own intellectual property, the game started off as a Sonic fangame; a version of the game only seen in early footage show rings and Doctor Eggman as the game's main antagonist. Early on, DiDuro had decided that the Sonic affiliation would hold back the game. By the time of the first publicly released demo, the rings were replaced with red leaves and the characters' abilities were altered. Charging energy for special moves was dependent on Lilac's movement speed was changed to be generating gradually instead as it proved too difficult to control. The physics and controls were also tweaked to be more responsive and tight; running up walls was made easier and jumps were less floaty to allow player to dodge enemy attacks more easily. While the game retained the "speed platform gameplay", it took it in a different direction by introducing combat mechanics based on one of Strife's earlier Sonic fan projects. According to DiDuro, instead of jumping on robots to destroy them, the players fight them with punches, kicks, and special attacks.

In an interview, DiDuro described Freedom Planet as "a nod to '90s-style Japanese platform games, like Sonic, Mega Man, and a little bit of Gunstar Heroes". Lilac's Dragon Boost is based on a game mechanic from Ristar, where the titular character slams its body against enemies similarly. Carol's Wild Kick ability resembles Chun-Li's signature special attack, and her wall kick feels similar to the one found in the Mega Man X games for SNES. Milla's floating ability as well as the ability to pick up items are based on Yoshi's flutter jump and Super Mario 2's throwing mechanics respectively.

While the game was developed in Denmark and the United States, its art direction was influenced by medieval East Asian art, particularly that of China. The game's visuals reference modern science fiction and fantasy as well. Much of the text in the game world is written in Chinese characters, and the logo includes a subtitle written in Japanese katakana, , despite the game originally lacking Japanese language support.

When DiDuro first attempted to design her own protagonist for the game, it was unsuccessful. Browsing on the art website DeviantArt, she soon discovered Chinese artist Ziyo Ling, requesting and getting permission to use her characters Sash Lilac, followed by Carol Tea and Milla, for her game. Lilac, originally conceived as a hedgehog, was redesigned to be a dragon after criticism about her similar looks to Sonic were made. The design of Robotnik's replacement Lord Brevon, originally named Dr. Brevon, was inspired by Dr. Sloth, one of DiDuro's favorite characters from Neopets.

The soundtrack was composed by DiDuro in collaboration with Leila "Woofle" Wilson and Claire "Blue Warrior" Ellis, the latter having contributed to two of the game's tracks before leaving the project. DiDuro would often provide a base composition in MIDI format, with Woofle creating the final arrangement, but also create additional compositions. Voice actor Dawn M. Bennett, the voice of Lilac, provided voice samples for the tracks Relic Maze 1 and Pangu Lagoon 1 respectively. There were disagreements on the direction of the soundtrack sometimes, with DiDuro wanting "fast-paced and in-your-face from the get-go" while Woofle aimed for more "fly-by-night"; starting "quieter and more happy" and progressively getting intense. Woofle mentioned the track Sky Battalion to have been the hardest thing to compose, stating that it was "the low point in [her] entire career", it wasn't a song that she felt was "appropriate for the game". Regardless, Woofle described DiDuro as "a great musician and (...) easy to collab with".

Post-release, the game received updates, such as an update in December 2015 that made Milla accessible in Adventure mode. Updates to make Torque and Spade playable characters were planned for release in 2016 but have been postponed to focus on the sequel. Another reason, according to DiDuro, were her displeasure with the way Torque felt in the existing stages.

Release
Freedom Planet was first released as a demo for Microsoft Windows in August 2012, to positive reception. After a full version of the game was funded through Kickstarter, it was taken to Steam Greenlight and approved for Steam. Its release was first projected for early 2014, then delayed to June 30. Shortly before that date, it was delayed again to July 19; the developers wanted to promote the game at a convention in Miami, Florida, and to avoid competition from the heavily discounted products in Steam's Summer Sale. The game was released, after a third delay, on July 21, since Steam didn't allow games to be released on weekends. Coinciding with the game's release, GalaxyTrail released Freedom Planet - Official Soundtrack, a digital version of the soundtrack, as DLC.

To advertise the game, GalaxyTrail created branded T-shirts, and Lilac was included as an easter egg in the 2013 game Sonic: After the Sequel. DiDuro considered and rejected the idea of developing an Android version of Freedom Planet, but stated to be saving money to port the game to the PlayStation Vita. The game was released on the website GOG.com in late 2014. GalaxyTrail also developed versions for Mac OS X and Linux, which were released on Steam on April 17, 2015.

A Nintendo's Wii U version was planned for release on the eShop online store for late 2015, later specified as August 13. A demo was released as part of a promotion titled "Nindies@home", wherein players were invited to try several upcoming Wii U games between June 15 and 22. While it was still in production during the summer, the projected release date was delayed; the Wii U version was set back by a "console-freezing bug", which would postpone the Wii U release indefinitely until the issue was fixed. DiDuro later explained that the bug had taken so long to detect because it only occurred in retail versions of the console, preventing GalaxyTrail and Nintendo from learning of the issue. The bug required a hard reset of the system to address the problem, which could potentially cause damage to the Wii U hardware. The bug was eventually fixed, and the game was successfully released on the eShop on October 1; customers who had tried the game's demo were rewarded with a 15-percent discount. On the American Nintendo eShop, Freedom Planet was a best-seller, peaking at the 2nd spot, right behind Super Mario Maker.

In November 2015, GalaxyTrail joined forces with the subscription box company IndieBox distribute an exclusive physical release of Freedom Planet. This limited collector's edition box included a flash-drive with a DRM-free game file, the official two-disc soundtrack, an instruction manual and Steam key, along with various custom-designed collectibles. Steam and Wii U versions of Freedom Planet combined have sold over 250,000 times as of June 2016.

A version for the Nintendo Switch was released by Marvelous Inc. and Xseed Games on August 30, 2018. Quality of life updates present in the Switch version as well as the newly added language options were released for the remaining versions soon after. In 2019, GalaxyTrail teamed up with Limited Run Games to distribute a physical release of the Switch version. Switch Limited Run #35: Freedom Planet and Freedom Planet Deluxe Edition, which includes a cover with interior art and full-color booklet, were up for pre-order. The Deluxe Edition also includes the two-disc soundtrack, a reversible poster, as well as a Genesis-style case.

Reception

Pre-release
Tony Ponce of Destructoid reacted positively about the demo for Freedom Planet and commented that it was "nice to see a well-established style or formula applied to a new world with original characters". Similarly, Eurogamer's Jeffrey Matulef described the game's preview as "an indie Sonic-esque platformer done right", and enjoyed the redesigned health system. Dominic Tarison of IndieStatik complimented the game's "new and unfamiliar configuration" of elements from classic 16-bit games, but criticized the amount of viewable gameplay area. John Polson of IndieGames.com believed that "the spectacles like loops and wall runs ... [are not] as magical to do or watch" as in Sonic games, but he encouraged platformer fans to download the demo.

Nathan Grayson of Kotaku praised the demo for its balance of Genesis Sonic elements and original content: he described the product as "a love letter to classic Sonic, except when it's not". He praised the game's enemies, but experienced minor control issues. Pacing was remarked to be slower than that of the Genesis Sonic games because of the added combat sequences, though Grayson felt that this gave the player time to explore and appreciate the level design. Grayson was critical of the voice acting. Ponce strongly praised the visuals, though criticized the bland foreground design. Polson noted minor audio and visual flaws, most notably the recycling of sound effects from Genesis Sonic games, but he lauded the game's music. Tarison praised the music and visuals, as well as the varied designs of the environments and playable characters.

Post-release

Freedom Planet was met with highly positive reviews upon release. Reviewing the full version, Jahanzeb Khan of Hardcore Gamer felt that it was a worthy successor to the 1994 game Sonic 3 & Knuckles - which he considered the series' pinnacle - and that it was "perhaps the most Sonic game to have come out since 1994, one that feels like a true evolution and more importantly a resounding step forward". Jonatan Allin of the Danish version of Eurogamer, who had not enjoyed any Sonic games since the Genesis era, concurred with Khan. Polygon's Griffin McElroy argued that Freedom Planet successfully performs "a difficult balancing act, borrowing and transforming elements from games like Sonic the Hedgehog and Rocket Knight Adventures without coming off as derivative". McElroy and Pablo Taboada of the Spanish-language website MeriStation both compared the game to the work of developer Treasure. Taboada lamented the game's obscurity and suggested that, had Treasure obtained the rights to Sonic and released Freedom Planet as an official sequel, it would have been more popular.

Khan commented that the levels "never feel like they're over too soon nor do they drag on unnecessarily", and he appreciated the setpiece moments such as "explosive chase/escape sequences, maze like labyrinths, traps, and even shoot-'em-up style shooting segments". Taboada was mixed on the game's brevity: he thought it was suitable for speedrunning but unsatisfying for those seeking a deeper experience. By contrast, Japanese website 4Gamer stated that the game's quirks allowed one to play extensively without boredom, and Taboada enjoyed the large, Metroidvania-style levels.

Regarding the game's visuals, Taboada said, "Técnicamente es excelso" (technically, it is excellent). He praised the colorful and detailed backgrounds, expressive character animations, sound effects, and music. Khan agreed: he commented that "every inch of it exud[es] artistic diversity with high resolution sprites that resemble the quality of yesteryear". He called the audio a "nice mix of catchy chiptune style melodies with infectious synthetic beats". Both Khan and 4Gamer were intrigued by the game's East Asian visual style. Taboada believed that each character was likable and interesting to play. Allin found himself unexpectedly captivated by the story, which he guessed many players would miss due to impatience with cutscenes.

Sequel
A direct sequel, Freedom Planet 2, was released on September 13, 2022 for Windows, with console versions published by Xseed Games planned to release in 2023.

References

External links

2014 video games
Action games
Clickteam Fusion games
Indie games
Linux games
Kickstarter-funded video games
MacOS games
Nintendo Switch games
Platformers
PlayStation 4 games
PlayStation Network games
Politics in fiction
Side-scrolling video games
Single-player video games
Video games about cats
Video games about dogs
Video games about dragons
Video games developed in Denmark
Video games developed in the United States
Video games featuring female protagonists
Video games set on fictional planets
War video games
Wii U eShop games
Windows games
Xseed Games games


title: Anil Chitrakar

text:
Anil Chitrakar (), is a social entrepreneur. He was recognized as one of the 100 "Global Leaders for Tomorrow" at the World Economic Forum in Davos in 1993. He is the founder of the Environmental Camps for Conservation Awareness (ECCA) and the co-founder of Himalayan Climate Initiative.

Books published
 Take The Lead – Nepal's Future Has Begun
 Working with NGOs

Awards and nominations
 Ashoka Fellow
 Global Leaders for Tomorrow awardee at the World Economic Forum in Davos (1993)
 Rolex award
 Global Development Marketplace Award for the Solar Tuki at the World Bank (2005)
 Tech Museum Award in Silicon Valley for this work

References

External links

Living people
1961 births
People from Kathmandu
Nepalese male writers
Ashoka Fellows
Nepalese engineers
Nepalese environmentalists
University of Rajasthan alumni
University of Pennsylvania alumni


title: Palmeria (plant)

text:
Palmeria is a genus of flowering plant in the family Monimiaceae. Its range includes Sulawesi, New Guinea, the Bismarck Archipelago, and Australia (Queensland, New South Wales).<ref name = potw>"Palmeria F.Muell." Plants of the World Online. Accessed 22 August 2021. </ref>

It was defined by Ferdinand von Mueller in 1864 and named in honor of Sir James F. Palmer.Ferdinand von Mueller. Fragmenta Phytographiae Australiae. volume 4. page 151. 1864.

Accepted species include:
 Palmeria angica Kaneh. & Hatus. New Guinea
 Palmeria arfakiana Becc. Sulawesi, New Guinea, Bismarck Archipelago
 Palmeria brassii Philipson New Guinea
 Palmeria clemensae Philipson New Guinea
 Palmeria coriacea C.T.White Queensland
 Palmeria foremanii Whiffin Queensland
 Palmeria gracilis Perkins New Guinea
 Palmeria hooglandii Philipson New Guinea
 Palmeria hypargyrea Perkins New Guinea
 Palmeria hypochrysea Perkins New Guinea
 Palmeria hypotephra (F.Muell.) Domin eastern Queensland
 Palmeria incana A.C.Sm. New Guinea
 Palmeria montana A.C.Sm. New Guinea
 Palmeria racemosa (Tul.) A.DC. Queensland, New South Wales
 Palmeria scandens F.Muell. New Guinea, Queensland, New South Wales
 Palmeria schoddei Philipson New Guinea
 Palmeria womersleyi'' Philipson New Guinea

References

Monimiaceae genera
Flora of Papuasia


title: Ayahuasca (Baiyu album)

text:
Ayahuasca is a full-length studio album by Chinese-American artist Baiyu released on December 1, 2013. This is the artist's second full-length project and is inspired by her psychedelic and soul exploratory experiences in the Amazon regions of Pucallpa, Peru. This is her first effort to not only take full rein on songwriting for the entire project, but also a first for producing the instrumentals for two of the fourteen tracks.

Baiyu's website explains, "Ayahuasca is my second full length, independently released project, and its creation has been a journey with many unforeseeable twists and turns. Each song peels away the delicate layers until you strip down to the core of who I am—who Baiyu really is.

Here is where I am most vulnerable yet strong, and here is where I am most afraid yet beautiful.

I couldn't make an album about something and not actually experience it for myself, so off I went. If trekking down to the jungles of Peru to work with this plant medicine sans companion wasn't enough of a daredevil move, what frightened me even more was the prospect of having to face my true self as a result. Thankfully what I saw was what I had always felt deep down—that although it took a lot of soul searching and there's infinite room for growth and learning—I, as I am today, am a proudly loving and passionate human being.

One thing that the Ayahuasca has taught me is that we are all capable of living out our wildest dreams if we just dare to surrender to the experience. I will carry that with me always.

Through this album, I hope to share with you my deepest secrets, and my purest of hopes and dreams. Love me for who I am or leave me for what could have been but either way, my story is open to you."

Track listing

All credits adapted from the included digital booklet.

References

2013 albums
Baiyu (singer) albums


title: Sailing at the 2010 Asian Games – Laser Radial

text:
The open Laser Radial competition at the 2010 Asian Games in Shanwei was held from 14 to 20 November 2010.

Schedule
All times are China Standard Time (UTC+08:00)

Results

References

External links

Open Laser Radial
Laser Radial class sailing competitions


title: Equestrian at the 2013 SEA Games – Team dressage

text:
Team dressage equestrian at the 2013 Southeast Asian Games in Wunna Theikdi Equestrian Field, Naypyidaw, Myanmar on December 13, 2014.

Each horse and rider pair performed an FEI Grand Prix Test. The Grand Prix Test consists of a battery of required movements that each rider and horse pair performs. Five judges evaluate the pair, giving marks between 0 and 10 for each element. The judges' scores were averaged to give a final score for the pair. The best three scores from each team's four members were summed to give a team score. The results from this event also served as a qualifier for the individual dressage event.

Schedule
All times are Myanmar Standard Time (UTC+06:30)

Results
Legend
RT — Retired
WD — Withdrawn
EL — Eliminated
NS — Not Started

References

Equestrian at the 2013 SEA Games


title: List of lanes and arcades in Perth, Western Australia

text:
The following is a list of lanes, arcades and pedestrian malls in the central business district of Perth, Western Australia.

The first plan of Perth, developed in 1829 by the Surveyor-General, John Septimus Roe, was a semi-regular grid pattern bounded by Mount Eliza to the west, wetlands to the north, with three principal streets running parallel to the Swan River and three streets running north–south. The original allotments ran through from street to street in a north–south direction so that properties generally had two frontages.

Following the completion of the central Perth railway station in 1881, the area bounded by William and Barrack Streets was consolidated as the commercial and retail centre of Perth. Banks, insurance buildings, professional and commercial offices were constructed along St Georges Terrace, with businesses, shops and warehouses developing in Wellington, Murray and Hay Streets. A number of hotels and theatres were also built in this central area and large department stores, such as Foy & Gibson and Sandover established along the tram route and the shopping strip along Hay Street. Shopping arcades and passageways were also developed in this period, allowing people to move with ease through the increasingly busy Perth streets and providing spaces for additional commercial premises outlets within the narrow blocks.

List of lanes

The City of Perth has documented that there are 34 lanes in the city centre, of which nine are owned (or part owned) by the City and the remaining 25 are privately owned.

 Grand Lane (6)
 Howard Lane (34)
 McLean Lane (8)
 Mercantile Lane (33)
 Munster Lane (14)
 Prince Lane (4)
 Shafto Lane (12)
 Wolf Lane (15)

List of arcades

 140 (comprising Globe, Mitchell and Railway Lanes)
 160 Central
 Arcade 800
 Bon Marché Arcade
 Brookfield Place
 Carillon Arcade
 City Arcade
 Cloisters Arcade
 Cremorne Arcade
 Enex100
 Gledden Arcade
 London Court
 McNess Royal Arcade
 Piccadilly Arcade
 Plaza Arcade
 Raine Square
 St Martin's Arcade
 Trinity Arcade
 Wesley Quarter (aka Wesley Arcade)

Historic
 Baird's Arcade (demolished 2003)
 Central Arcade (demolished 1923 to create Forrest Place)
 Padbury Arcade (demolished 1987 to create Forrest Chase)
 Terrace Arcade (demolished 1981 to create the R&I Bank Tower)
 Wanamba Arcade (closed 1980)
 Zimpels Arcade (closed)

List of pedestrian malls
 Forrest Place
 Hay Street Mall
 James Street Mall
 Murray Street Mall

See also
Colonial Town Plans of Perth
Lanes and arcades of Melbourne

References

Perth
Perth, Western Australia-related lists


title: I-Tree

text:
i-Tree is a collection of urban and rural forestry analysis and benefits assessment tools.  It was designed and developed by the United States Forest Service to quantify and value ecosystem services provided by trees including pollution removal, carbon sequestration, avoided carbon emissions, avoided stormwater runoff, and more. i-Tree provides baseline data so that the growth of trees can be followed over time, and is used for planning purposes. Different tools within the i-Tree Suite use different types of inputs and provide different kinds of reports; some tools use a 'bottom up' approach based on tree inventories on the ground, while other tools use a 'top down' approach based on remote sensing data. i-Tree is peer-reviewed and has a process of ongoing collaboration to improve it.

There are seven different i-Tree applications which can enhance an individual's or organization's understanding of the benefits which trees provide in modern society. Over the course of many years the U.S. Forest Service has developed and refined these different applications: i-Tree Eco, i-Tree Landscape, i-Tree Hydro, i-Tree Design, i-Tree Canopy, i-Tree Species, and i-Tree MyTree.

History

i-Tree began in 2002 as survey of a sample of urban forest to simulate taking a tree inventory of an entire urban forest.  It then added hand held devices for efficient inventory of street trees.  The current version of i-Tree includes different tools which allow for several sources of data to be used, such as National Land Cover Data, Google Maps, and tree inventories. Some tools use continuous data on air pollution and meteorology for more accurate results.

Research

Researchers using i-Tree have examined:

 The benefits of urban trees
 Selecting the best tree planting locations
 Storm damage to urban forests
 Potential bird habitats
 PM2.5 removal and health effect

References

Notes

Bibliography

External links

 Center for Urban Forest Research

Environmental science software
Forest modelling
Natural resources
Urban forestry


title: Oran International Arabic Film Festival

text:
The Oran International Arabic Film Festival (), ) is a recurring film festival, held in Oran.

The 2012 top award went to the film Coming Forth by Day by Hala Lotfi.

Participating countries

2010
In 2010 the festival took place between December 16 to December 23 in Oran.

Participating countries

References

Annual events in Algeria
Film festivals in Algeria
Events in the Arab world
Film festivals established in 1976


title: Chandra Kalindi Roy Henriksen

text:
Chandra Kalindi Roy-Henriksen is a scholar of indigenous rights and the former chair of the Indigenous Peoples and Development Branch/Secretariat of the Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues (IPDB/SPFII), an entity that describes its main function as supporting the work of the United Nations Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues.

Works

References

United Nations Secretariat
Living people
Chakma people
Bangladeshi Buddhists
Year of birth missing (living people)


title: Pershing Square, Manhattan

text:
Pershing Square is a public plaza in Manhattan, New York City, located where Park Avenue and 42nd Street intersect in front of Grand Central Terminal. The main roadway of Park Avenue crosses over 42nd Street on the Park Avenue Viaduct, also known as the Pershing Square Viaduct. Two service roads, one northbound and one southbound, connect 42nd Street with the main roadway of Park Avenue, at 40th Street.

Pershing Square was named after John J. Pershing in 1919. The name was originally supposed to apply to the block bounded by Park Avenue, Lexington Avenue, 41st Street, and 42nd Street. Three buildings were ultimately developed on the block in the 1920s: the Pershing Square Building, 110 East 42nd Street, and the Chanin Building. Subsequently, the name applied to the service roads of the Park Avenue Viaduct. A tourist information center under the viaduct, at Pershing Square, was built in 1939; it was later reconfigured to be a store and then a restaurant. The service roads between 42nd and 41st Streets were converted into a pedestrian public plaza in 2018.

Development
The square is named after General John J. Pershing, and was originally intended to be an open plaza in Pershing's honor occupying the entire block between 41st Street, Park Avenue, 42nd Street, and Lexington Avenue. Until 1885, Steuben Street—named for Revolutionary War general Baron von Steuben—ran diagonally across the block. The Grand Union Hotel was built on the northwestern corner of the block in 1883. The eastern part of the block contained the Manhattan Storage Warehouse, which was built in 1882. The hotel was condemned via eminent domain in 1914, and it was subsequently demolished to make way for the construction of the New York City Subway's Grand Central–42nd Street station, which ran diagonally below the site.

Shortly after the opening of the Park Avenue Viaduct in 1919, the area at the bottom of the viaduct was renamed for Pershing. The former Grand Union Hotel space was proposed for use as an open plaza with a three-story memorial called "Victory Hall". The idea of a victory hall was opposed by Fiorello H. La Guardia, president of the New York City Board of Aldermen. The Transit Commission attempted to sell the building site in May 1920 for $2.8 million (equal to $ million in ), but no one placed a bid.

In July 1920, a realty consortium headed by investor Henry Mandel bought the Grand Union site. Mandel gave the Bowery Savings Bank the center part of the Pershing Square block, which would be developed into an office building at 110 East 42nd Street, completed in 1923. The western part of the site became the Pershing Square Building, also completed in 1923. The eastern part, which contained the storage warehouse, was redeveloped into the Chanin Building, which opened in 1929. The "Pershing Square" name subsequently applied to the service roads of the Park Avenue Viaduct between 40th and 42nd streets.

Viaduct space and closure to traffic
The space under the viaduct between 41st and 42nd streets was originally used as a trolley barn. In 1938, the city announced that it would build a tourist information center within that space in advance of the 1939 New York World's Fair. The city subsequently built a steel and glass-brick structure under the center arch of the viaduct. The structure, located at 90 East 42nd Street, opened in December 1939 and was initially used to provide tourist information. During World War II, the space was used by United Service Organizations, and after the war, became an outpost of the New York Convention and Visitors Bureau. The building had become an unemployment office by the 1980s.

As early as 1987, the Grand Central Partnership had proposed closing the western leg of Pershing Square, which was lightly used. Two years later, the partnership proposed turning the space under the viaduct, at the time a discount store, into a restaurant. Pershing Square would also be closed to traffic between 41st and 42nd streets. At the time, the space was occupied by discount retailer North Pole Stores, which relocated elsewhere in March 1992. The Grand Central Partnership decided to go forward with the restaurant-conversion project in 1993. However, the project had experienced difficulties because Manhattan Community Board 5 was opposed to the partnership's plan to close the adjacent block of Park Avenue, and the city had requested that the project undergo a lengthy zoning procedure called the Uniform Land Use Review Procedure. The community board opposed the closure because, between Seventh Avenue and Second Avenue, the only opportunity for eastbound traffic on 42nd Street to make a right turn was at Park Avenue. By mid-1995, the section of Park Avenue between 41st and 42nd streets was closed to traffic every weekday between 11 a.m. and 3 p.m., and office workers began eating lunch there.

In November 1995, the city and the Grand Central Partnership unveiled plans to spend $2 million restoring the space under the viaduct and leasing it as a restaurant, as well as closing part of Pershing Square. The Pershing Square Cafe signed a lease at the space in 1997. The operator of the renovated space, Michael O'Keeffe, placed so much attention to the renovation of the space that the project's costs increased to $5 million, and the cafe's opening date was pushed back by several months. The details in the cafe included slot-headed screws, the only ones available when the viaduct was built; chairs and electric cords imported from Paris, and a hand-rubbed paint scheme. The entrance of the cafe was placed at 42nd Street, while the kitchen was located near the 41st Street section of the viaduct.

Manhattan Community Board 5 recommended in 2009 that the service roads between 41st and 42nd streets be closed and turned into a public pedestrian plaza. The New York City Department of Design and Construction (DDC) announced in 2013 that it would spend $2 million to permanently close the western roadway (which carried southbound traffic) and convert it into a plaza with asphalt-and-concrete blocks, a rain garden, and terraces. The project would be designed by Quennell Rothschild & Partners. The project commenced in 2018 and the western plaza opened in May 2019. The DDC began converting the eastern roadway into a plaza in December 2021; at the time, the project was to be completed in October 2023.

See also
 List of restaurants in New York City

References
Notes

Sources

External links

Neighborhoods in Manhattan
Squares in Manhattan
-
Grand Central Terminal


title: John Niles (scholar)

text:
John D. Niles (born 1945) is an American scholar of medieval English literature best known for his work on Beowulf and the theory of oral literature.

Career

A graduate of the University of California, Berkeley, where he received his higher degrees (B.A. in English, 1967; PhD in Comparative Literature, 1972), Niles taught for an initial four years as Assistant Professor of English at Brandeis University. He then was invited to join the faculty of the Department of English at the University of California, Berkeley, where he remained for twenty-six years until taking early retirement. In 2001 he joined the faculty of the University of Wisconsin–Madison, where he taught for ten years in the Department of English, was named the Frederic G. Cassidy Professor of Humanities, and was a Senior Fellow at the UW Institute for the Humanities. After his retirement from UW-Madison in 2011 he has remained active in research as Professor Emeritus at both UC Berkeley and UW-Madison.

Niles is the author of nine books on Old English literature and related topics. He has edited or co-edited another eight books, in addition to upwards of sixty scholarly articles and other publications. During the 1980s he conducted fieldwork into singing and storytelling traditions in Scotland, particularly among Scottish Gypsy and Traveller Groups, including the noted storyteller Duncan Williamson. This research resulted in his book Homo Narrans: The Poetics and Anthropology of Oral Literature (1997), as well as his later study Webspinner: Songs, Stories and Reflections of Duncan Williamson, Scottish Traveller (2022). In 2005 he taught a seminar at the Newberry Library, Chicago, on the early history of Old English studies. This became the kernel of his 2015 book The Idea of Anglo-Saxon England 1066-1901, a sustained account of the history of Anglo-Saxon studies. His researches into the archaeology and prehistory of early Northwest Europe led to the joint publication Beowulf and Lejre (2007). This is about the prehistoric Danish site (at the present-day hamlet of Lejre, Zealand) where much of the imagined action of Beowulf is set. His 2019 book God’s Exiles and English Verse: On the Exeter Anthology of Old English Poetry is the first integrative book-length critical study of the earliest anthology of English-language poetry, a late-tenth-century collection that includes such poems as The Wanderer and The Seafarer.

In 2022, Niles was the honorand of a collection of articles, first published as a special issue of the journal Humanities, and subsequently as the book Old English Poetry and Its Legacy.

Selected publications

Monographs
Beowulf: The Poem and Its Tradition (Harvard University Press, 1983). .
Homo Narrans: The Poetics and Anthropology of Oral Literature (University of Pennsylvania Press, 1999). ,
Old English Enigmatic Poems and the Play of the Texts (Brepols, 2006). .
Old English Heroic Poems and the Social Life of Texts (Brepols, 2007). .
Beowulf and Lejre (Arizona Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies, 2007) - with Tom Christensen and Marijane Osborn. .
The Idea of Anglo-Saxon England 1066-1901: Remembering, Forgetting, Deciphering, and Renewing the Past (Wiley-Blackwell, 2015). .
Old English Literature: A Guide to Criticism with Selected Readings (Wiley-Blackwell, 2016). .
God’s Exiles and English Verse: On the Exeter Anthology of Old English Poetry (University of Exeter Press, 2019). .
Webspinner: Songs, Stories and Reflections of Duncan Williamson, Scottish Traveller (University Press of Mississippi, 2022). ISBN 9781496841582.

Edited collections
Old English Literature in Context: Ten Essays (Boydell and Brewer, 1980). .
A Beowulf Handbook (University of Nebraska Press, 1997) - with Robert E. Bjork. .
Anglo-Saxonism and the Construction of Social Identity (University Press of Florida, 1997) - with Allen J. Frantzen. .
Beowulf: An Illustrated Edition, featuring Seamus Heaney's translation of the poem (W.W. Norton, 2007). .
Klaeber’s Beowulf, 4th edition (University of Toronto Press, 2008) - with R.D. Fulk and Robert E. Bjork. .
The Genesis of Books: Studies in the Scribal Culture of Medieval England in Honour of A.N. Doane (Brepols, 2011) - with Matthew T. Hussey. .
Anglo-Saxon England and the Visual Imagination (Arizona Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies, 2016) - with Stacy S. Klein and Jonathan Wilcox. .
Medical Writings from Early Medieval England, Volume I: The Old English Herbal, Lacnunga, and Other Texts, Dumbarton Oaks Medieval Library 81 (Harvard University Press, 2023) - with Maria A. D'Aronco. .

References

External links
Faculty page at University of Wisconsin–Madison
Faculty page at University of California, Berkeley

Living people
University of California, Berkeley alumni
University of Wisconsin–Madison faculty
Anglo-Saxon studies scholars
1945 births
Brandeis University faculty
University of California, Berkeley faculty


title: Tonny Bruins Slot

text:
Tonny Bruins Slot (1 April 1947 – 1 November 2020) was a Dutch association football coach who was well known for his analysis of matches and opponents.

Career
Tonny Bruins Slot was coach of FC Amsterdam from 1978 to 1980 and assistant-coach of Ajax, also in Amsterdam, from 1982 to 1988. Bruins Slot was the assistant of Aad de Mos at Ajax. In 1985, Bruins Slot was briefly the head coach of AFC Ajax, after Aad de Mos stepped down in May 1985 due to conflicts with the board of administration. Bruins Slot became head coach for the final five matches of the season, winning the Eredivisie title in the 1984–85 season, with players such as Frank Rijkaard, Ronald Koeman, Gerald Vanenburg, John van 't Schip, Marco van Basten, Rob de Wit and John Bosman. From the second half of 1985 until January 1988, Bruins Slot was the assistant of Johan Cruijff at Ajax, winning the European Cup Winners' Cup in 1987.

From 1988 to 1996, Bruins Slot was the right-hand man of Johan Cruijff at FC Barcelona, achieving great success, winning the UEFA Champions League (1992) and four national titles (1991–1994).

Afterwards Ronald Koeman made use of his knowledge, working with Koeman at Ajax, Benfica, and during the 2007–08 season for PSV Eindhoven. When Koeman joined Valencia as the club's newly appointed head coach, he took Bruins Slot with him.

On 17 May 2009, back in the Netherlands, Tonny Bruins Slot took a position as an assistant manager at AZ from Alkmaar, where he was responsible for the tactical analysis of the opponents. On 5 December of the same year, he and head coach Ronald Koeman were both dismissed.

Bruins Slot was a member of the board of AFC Ajax. On 21 December 2011, Bruins Slot was appointed to the Executive Board of the club, along with five other candidates.

On 26 January 2011, it was announced that Bruins Slot would take the position as an analyst of the next opponent for Ajax Amsterdam. He made team reports of the next opponents for head coach Frank de Boer.

On 1 November 2020, Bruins Slot died at the age of 73.

Honours

Manager
 Ajax
Eredivisie (1): 1984–85

Assistant manager
Ajax
 UEFA Cup Winners' Cup (1): 1986–87
 Eredivisie (3): 1982–83, 2001–02, 2003–04
 KNVB Cup (4): 1982–83, 1985–86, 1986–87, 2001–02
 Johan Cruijff Shield (1): 2002
 Amsterdam Tournament (6): 1985, 1987, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004

 Barcelona
 European Cup (1): 1991–92
 UEFA Cup Winners' Cup (1): 1988–89
 UEFA Super Cup (1): 1992
 La Liga (4): 1990–91, 1991–92, 1992–93, 1993–94
 Copa del Rey (1): 1989–90
 Supercopa de España (3): 1991, 1992, 1994

 Benfica
 Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira (1): 2005

 PSV
 Eredivisie (1): 2006–07

References

1947 births
2020 deaths
AFC Ajax managers
AFC Ajax non-playing staff
Dutch football managers
Sportspeople from Amsterdam


title: Nia Sanchez

text:
Nia Temple Booko ( Sanchez; born February 15, 1990) is an American model, television presenter, and beauty pageant titleholder who won Miss USA 2014.

Early life
Nia Temple Sanchez was born in Sacramento, California on February 15, 1990, to David Sanchez, a military veteran born in a military base in Germany, and mother Nicole Sanford, who was born in a military base in Iran. Her paternal grandfather, Wilbur Sanchez, is Mexican and her paternal grandmother is German, while her mother is of Spanish, English and other European mixture. Her parents divorced when she was 6 and she briefly lived in a women's shelter with her mother. When she was eight she and her brother (David, Jr.), moved to Menifee, California with their father, and she went on to graduate from Paloma Valley High School in 2008.

Pageants
Her first beauty pageant was the Miss San Jacinto Valley, which she entered when she was 13; at 19, she won Miss Citrus Valley USA, which qualified her to take part in the Miss Turismo Latino competition in Ecuador in 2009.

Miss California USA
Sanchez first competed in the Miss California USA 2010 pageant (as Miss Citrus Valley USA) and was second runner-up out of 133 contestants, losing to eventual titleholder Nicole Johnson. Sanchez has also competed in and won Miss Riverside County USA 2011 and Miss Hollywood USA 2012, both of which resulted in unsuccessful Miss California USA bids.

Miss Nevada USA
As Miss South Las Vegas USA, Sanchez was crowned as Miss Nevada USA by Chelsea Caswell on January 12, 2014, at Artemus W. Ham Concert Hall at University of Nevada, Las Vegas, winning the title on her first attempt.

Miss USA 2014
Sanchez represented Nevada at Miss USA 2014 in Baton Rouge, Louisiana and was crowned as the winner by outgoing titleholder Erin Brady of Connecticut on June 8, 2014, beating 2nd runner-up Tiana Griggs of Georgia and 1st runner-up Audra Mari of North Dakota. During the final question portion of the competition, she was asked by judge Rumer Willis about the high rate of sexual assault among undergraduate women to which she responded that it is important to be able to defend yourself. She was the first Miss Nevada USA contestant to win Miss USA and the fourth Hispanic to win Miss USA after Laura Harring in 1985, Lynnette Cole in 2000, and Susie Castillo in 2003. This was the first time since Miss USA 2007 that the contest had not been held in Nevada.

Controversy
After winning Miss USA, a carpetbagger controversy arose regarding her claimed Nevada residence. After failing to win Miss California USA in 2010, 2011 and 2012, Sanchez reportedly created a paper trail to establish her eligibility to compete in Miss Nevada USA. Supposedly Sanchez had worked at Disneyland until November 2013 and had become Miss Nevada USA in January 2014, although competition rules state that Miss Nevada USA eligibility requires six months residency in the state as evidenced by two documents from "voter ID or registration card, tax return, school records, employment documents, telephone bill, utility bill, bank statement, credit card statement or lease/deed." Sanchez is reported to have spoken with Miss Nevada USA pageant director Shanna Moakler to determine the minimum eligibility requirements. Sanchez is represented by AC Talent Agency, which has Las Vegas and Los Angeles offices, but is listed as based in Los Angeles. Sanchez has stated that she owns a home in Las Vegas and listed herself as based in Los Angeles as a marketing ploy due to the types of opportunities available in Los Angeles relative to those available in Las Vegas.

Miss Universe 2014
Sanchez represented the United States at Miss Universe 2014 which was held January 25, 2015, at the U.S. Century Bank Arena on the site of the Florida International University in Doral, Miami, Florida and finished as 1st runner-up to Paulina Vega of Colombia.

Personal life
Sanchez is a fifth-degree black belt in taekwondo, which she began practicing when she was 8 years old. She was the first Miss USA ever featured on the cover of Tae Kwon Do Times Magazine. She also studied jazz and ballet for five years. At age 17, she visited Kenya, and after her high school graduation she spent time working as a nanny in Europe. She had visited 12 countries around the world before becoming Miss Nevada USA. She spends three months of the year serving on a mission in Mexico. She acted in the roles of various Disney princess characters at Hong Kong Disneyland where she worked for seven months in 2012.

Sanchez began dating actor Daniel Booko before she won Miss Nevada USA. Booko proposed to Sanchez on a private terrace in New York City in October 2014. The couple married on October 17, 2015, in Temecula, California. They have 3 children.

References

External links

 Miss USA 2014 - Photos from 1st Press Conference
 Meet the new Miss Usa Nia Sanchez

Living people
1990 births
Miss USA 2014 delegates
Miss USA winners
Miss Universe 2014 contestants
Actresses from Sacramento, California
American actresses of Mexican descent
American people of German descent
American people of Spanish descent
American female taekwondo practitioners
American female models
People from Menifee, California
Beauty pageant controversies
People from Henderson, Nevada
People from Las Vegas
Hispanic and Latino American female models


title: Sailing at the 2010 Asian Games – Hobie 16

text:
The open Hobie 16 competition at the 2010 Asian Games in Shanwei was held from 14 to 20 November 2010.

Schedule
All times are China Standard Time (UTC+08:00)

Results
Legend
DNF — Did not finish
DPI — Discretionary penalty imposed
DSQ — Disqualification

References

External links

Open Hobie 16
Hobie 16 class sailing competitions


title: Gauja River Railway Bridge

text:
The Gauja River Railway Bridge crosses the Gauja River in Ūdriņi, Latvia as part of the Riga–Valka–Pskov railway line. It was opened around 1889.

Where the bridge crosses the river there are small rapids named "Strenču", containing six steps, which can be navigated using canoes.

References

Railway bridges in Latvia


title: Tabasco (former state)

text:
Tabasco or Tavasco was a Chontal Maya Nation in the westernmost area of the Maya region.

History

Separation
Sometime, probably during the 12th century the Chontal Maya in the westernmost part of The League of Mayapan separated from the rest of the league. They did this because they objected to an alliance with Mayapan,(the city not the league). They adopted the same governmental system that existed when they were attached to the league and Mayapan.  That is, with the three existing classes. Nobility and priesthood, tax and slaves.

It was in the west of their new country on the river Tabasco where they founded their capital city. Its name was Potonchán which means smelly place, there were 25,000 homes there. Having their main city on a wide river near the ocean allowed them to have an extensive sea trade network.

Acalan
At some point the eastern part of Tabasco became independent. The new countries name was Acalan which had its capitol at Itzamkanac. Acalan had constant disputes with Tabasco. Also Itzamkanac was inland and Acalan had a much smaller sea trade industry.

War with Xicalango
On Tris Island, now called Isla del Carmen the people were not Maya but Nahua. They had their own country and port city, both called Xicalango. Tabasco claimed the island, and there was constant violence on the border. Finally in 1513 Tabscoob, the last ruler of Tabasco led an army of 20,000 soldiers to Xicalango, where they defeated the islanders. It was a Maya custom to give the Halach Uinik a large number of slaves from the destroyed country. One of the slaves from Xicalango was Malintzin.

European contact

The visit of Juan de Grijalva

The first Spanish expedition to land in Tabasco was led by Juan de Grijalva, who on June 8, 1518, traversed in what is now the state of Tabasco. Grijalva arrived that day at the mouth of a great river, which the crew named "Grijalva" in honor of their captain.

Juan de Grijalva went up the river to discover the inland area, and found four canoes full of Tabascans, painted and making gesticulations and gestures of war. But Grijalva sent the Mayas Julián and Melchorejo who were kidnapped from Ekab, so that they could explain to the Tabascans in the Chontal language that they came in peace. Thus they continued along the river and, after less than a league, stumbled upon the large city of Potonchán.

We started eight days in June 1518 and going armed to the coast, about six miles away from land, we saw a very large stream of water coming out of a major river, the fresh water was spewing approximately six miles out to sea. And with that current we could not enter by said river, which we named the Grijalva River. We were being followed by more than two thousand Indians and they were making signs of war (...) This river flows from very high mountains, and this land seems to be the best upon which the sun shines; if it were to be more settled, it would serve well as a capital: it is called the Potonchán province.

—Juan Díaz, Itinerary of Grijalva (1518)

Once ashore, Juan de Grijalva, with the help of Maya interpreters that he had taken earlier, began to strike up a friendly dialog. In addition to flattering the natives with gifts, Grijalva begged them to call their boss to meet and hold talks with him. And so, after a while, the Halach Uinik Tabscoob appeared with his nobles to greet Grijalva. During the talk, both figures exchanged gifts. Tabscoob gave Grijalva, Tabscoob gold armor in the shape of a leaf and a feather headdress. Grijalva gave the Maya ruler his green velvet doublet.

Hernán Cortés

First contact
on March 12, 1519, the Spanish conquistador Hernán Cortés arrived at the mouth of the Grijalva river. He decided to have his ships drop anchor and enter the river in skiffs, in search of the great city of Potonchán described by Juan de Grijalva.

Cortés landed right at the mouth of the river, at a place named "Punta de los Palmares."

On the twelfth day of the month of March of the year one-thousand five-hundred nineteen, we arrived with all the fleet at the Rio de Grijalva, which is also called Tabasco(...) and from the smaller vessels and boats all the soldiers were landed at the Cape of the Palms(as they were in Grijalva's time) which was about half a league distant from the town of Tabasco. The river, the river banks and the mangrove thickets were swarming with Indians (...) in addition to this there were assembled in the town more than twelve thousand warriors all prepared to make war on us...

—Bernal Díaz del Castillo, Historia Verdadera de la Conquista de la Nueva España (1519)

To discover their intentions, Cortés, used a translator, to tell some Tabascans that were in a boat that "he would do no harm, to those who came in peace and that he only wanted to speak with them." But Cortés, seeing that the natives were still threatening, ordered weapons brought on the boats and handed them to archers and musketeers, and he began planning how to attack the city.

The first battle
The next day Cortés sent Alonso de Ávila with one hundred soldiers out on the road leading to the City, while Cortés and the other group of soldiers went in the boats. There, on the shore, Cortés made a requisition for them disembark.
The natives refused, telling the Spaniards that, if they disembarked, they would be killed. They began to shoot arrows at Cortés' soldiers, initiating combat.

... and they surrounded us with their canoes with such a spray of arrows that they made us stop with water up to our waists, and there was so much mud that we could not get out and many Indians charged us with spears and others pierced us with arrows, ensuring that we did not touch land as soon as we would have liked, and with so much mud we couldn't even move, and Cortés was fighting and he lost a shoe in the mud and came to land with one bare foot(...) and we were upon them on land crying to St. James and we made them retreat to a wall that was made of timber, until we breached it and came in to fight with them(...) we forced them through a road and there they turned to fight face-to-face and they fought very valiantly....

—Bernal Díaz del Castillo, Historia Verdadera de la Conquista de population la Nueva España (1519)

Alonso de Ávila arrived to the combat developing within Potonchán with his hundred men who went traveled by land, making the Tabascans flee and take refuge in the mountains. In this way, Cortés took possession of the great main plaza of Potonchán, in which there were rooms, great halls, and which had three houses of idols.

...we came upon a great courtyard, which had some chambers and great halls, and had three houses of idols. In the "cúes" [temples] of that court, which Cortés ordered that we would repair (...) and there Cortés took possession of the land, for his Majesty and in his royal name, in the following manner: His sword drawn, he dealt three stabs to a large ceiba tree in a sign of possession. The tree was in the square of that great town and he said that if there were one person that contradicted him, he would defend it with his sword and all those that were present said it was okay to take the land (...) And before a notary of the king that decree was made...

—Bernal Díaz del Castillo, Historia Verdadera de la Conquista de la Nueva España (1519)

Battle of Centla

The next day, Captain Cortés sent Pedro de Alvarado with a hundred soldiers so that he could go six miles inland, and he sent Francisco de Lugo, with another hundred soldiers, to a different part. Francisco de Lugo ran into warrior squads, starting a new battle. Upon hearing the shots and drums, Alvarado went in aid of Lugo, and together, after a long fight, they were able to make the natives flee. The Spaniards returned to town to inform Cortés. The next day, early in the morning, Cortés and his men went through plains to Cintla or Centla. There they found thousands of Tabascan soldiers, beginning Battle of Centla. The Spaniards were attacked by the Tabascans. The Spaniards defended themselves with firearms like muskets and cannons. But what scared them much more was seeing the Spaniards riding horses. There were no horses in the Americas before the Spaniards came. The Tabascans believed that both rider and horse were one. In the end the Tabascans lost.

See also
 Potonchán

Maya sites in Tabasco


title: Os Azeitonas

text:
Os Azeitonas are a Portuguese pop rock band from Porto, formed in 2002. Having gone through various formations - a five-member "garage-boysband", a four-member pop-rock group - now as a trio, with members Mario Brandão "Marlon" (vocals), Luísa Barbosa "Nena" (vocals) and João Salcedo "Salsa" (vocals and keyboard), the group has released five full-length albums and two DVDs.

The band is known for their successful singles "Quem És Tu Miúda," "Anda Comigo Ver os Aviões," "Café Hollywood," "Ray-Dee-Oh" and "Tonto de Ti". The fifth album, AZ, was released on July 8, 2018, by Parlophone, EMI Music Portugal's successor. The band has been nominated for two awards for Best Portuguese Act of MTV Europe Music Awards.

History
With origins dating back to 2002, a time when it was just a joke between friends, the band was inspired by Rui Veloso. In 2005, with production of Maria Records, owned by the renowned singer and northerner composer, came the first album. The somewhat muddled album was launched in July 2005 by the Maria Records. Released in August 2006 only online, the single "Silvia Alberto" remained some weeks on the top downloads list. Other songs such as "Queixa ao Pai Natal" ("Complaint to Santa Claus") (Christmas 2006) and "Queixa a Cupido" ("Complaint to the Cupid") (February 2007) appeared on the same album.

In December 2007 they reissued Radio Alegria, which was distributed in the form of a book including a CD. On this album are some of the most famous tracks by Os Azeitonas, such as "Quem és tu Miúda," "Nos Desenhos Animados (Nunca Acaba Mal)" or "Mulheres Nuas."

After the launch of two albums (in physical and digital format), by Maria Records, they edited the work Salão América for free download on their website. This piece contained the successful "Anda Comigo Ver os Aviões", "Café Hollywood" and "Dança, Menina Dança". In 2011 the DVD "Em Boa Companhia Eu Vou", which was recorded live in December 2010, is released. It accompanied the release of a first edition CD of the album Salão América. In 2012, the album reached the second place in top sales in Portugal.

The song "Anda Comigo Ver os Aviões" became a big hit after being sung on an idols competition show. It was also parodied by Vasco Palmeirim of the morning show Rádio Comercial in a satire of Pingo Doce called "Anda comigo ver as promoções" ("Come with me to see the deals").

In May 2012, Miguel Araújo, who uses the artistic name Miguel AJ when performing with os Azeitonas, released his first solo album.

In April 2013 the official fan group, called Os Azeitolas, was created. Currently the group can only be found as a Facebook page.

The group was nominated for Best Portuguese Act on the 2012 MTV Europe Music Awards, a title won by the singer Aurea.

In the 2016/17 New Year's Eve concert in Porto, the band announced that it was Miguel AJ's last performance, as he was leaving the band amicably to pursue a solo career.

Their most recent album "Reconstrução" was released in Fall 2022.

Discography

Studio albums

 Um Tanto ou Quanto Atarantado (2005)
 Rádio Alegria (2007)
 Salão América (2009)
 Em Boa Companhia Eu Vou (2011)
 AZ (2013)
 Banda Sonora (2019)
 Reconstrução (2022)

Videography

 Em Boa Companhia Eu Vou (2011)
 Serviço Ocasional (2015)

References

External links
 Official Site (in Portuguese)
 Band site, blog (in Portuguese)

 Os Azeitonas on Discogs
 Os Azeitonas on Facebook
  The new album news on a national newspaper

2002 establishments in Portugal
Musical groups established in 2002
Musical groups from Porto
Portuguese alternative rock groups
Portuguese musical groups


title: Joel Eddins House

text:
The Joel Eddins House is a hall-and-parlor log house on the grounds of Burritt on the Mountain in Huntsville, Alabama, and is the oldest documented building in the state.  The house was built in 1810 near present-day Ardmore in Limestone County, Alabama, by Joel Eddins, a settler from Abbeville County, South Carolina.  It was moved from its original site to Burritt in 2007.  The -story house is a hall-and-parlor style, not commonly found in Alabama.  An addition was built in the 1930s to the rear, which wrapped around part of the east side; it was not retained when the house was moved to Burritt.  The gable roof has brick chimneys on the ends.  The main entry opens into the larger "hall" room, which contains a fireplace on the west wall and doors on the other two.  A quarter-turn staircase in the northeast corner leads to the upper floor.  The eastern door leads to the "parlor" with another fireplace and staircase.  The upper floor rooms are the same size as those below, and are not connected.  Each room has two small, four-pane windows on either side of the chimney.  The 1930s addition contained a bedroom, bathroom, and kitchen.  The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1996.

References

External links
Eddins House at Burritt on the Mountain

National Register of Historic Places in Huntsville, Alabama
Houses completed in 1810
Houses in Limestone County, Alabama
Houses in Huntsville, Alabama
Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Alabama
Relocated buildings and structures in Alabama


title: 2014 Nottingham Challenge – Men's doubles

text:
Sanchai Ratiwatana and Sonchat Ratiwatana were the defending champions, but lost in the first round to Jamie Delgado and Gilles Müller.

Rameez Junaid and Michael Venus won the title, defeating Ruben Bemelmans and Go Soeda in the final, 4–6, 7–6(7–1), [10–6].

Seeds

Draw

Draw

References
 Main draw

2014 Men's Doubles
2014 ATP Challenger Tour


title: 2015 World Men's Curling Championship

text:
The 2015 World Men's Curling Championship  (branded as Ford World Men's Curling Championship 2015 for sponsorship reasons) was held from March 28 to April 5 at the Scotiabank Centre in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. It marked the first time that a World Curling Championship had been held in Halifax, and the first time that a World Curling Championship event had been held in the province since the World Junior Curling Championships were held in Dartmouth in 1986.

Qualification
The following nations qualified to participate in the 2015 Ford World Men's Curling Championship:
 (host country)
One team from the 2015 USA–Brazil Challenge

Eight teams from the 2014 European Curling Championships

 (winner of the World Challenge Games)
Two teams from the 2014 Pacific-Asia Curling Championships

Teams

WCT ranking
World Curling Tour Order of Merit ranking of national teams (year to date total)

Round-robin standings
Final round-robin standings

Round-robin results
All draw times are listed in Atlantic Daylight Time (UTC−3).

Draw 1
Saturday, March 28, 14:30

Draw 2
Saturday, March 28, 19:30

Draw 3
Sunday, March 29, 9:30

Draw 4
Sunday, March 29, 14:30

Draw 5
Sunday, March 29, 19:30

Draw 6
Monday, March 30, 9:30

Draw 7
Monday, March 30, 14:30

Draw 8
Monday, March 30, 19:30

Draw 9
Tuesday, March 31, 9:30

Draw 10
Tuesday, March 31, 14:30

Draw 11
Tuesday, March 31, 19:30

Draw 12
Wednesday, April 1, 9:30

Draw 13
Wednesday, April 1, 14:30

Draw 14
Wednesday, April 1, 19:30

Draw 15
Thursday, April 2, 9:30

Draw 16
Thursday, April 2, 14:30

Draw 17
Thursday, April 2, 19:30

Tiebreaker
Friday, April 3, 14:30

Playoffs

1 vs. 2
Friday, April 3, 19:30

3 vs. 4
Saturday, April 4, 14:30

Semifinal
Saturday, April 4, 19:30

Bronze medal game
Sunday, April 5, 10:00

Final
Sunday, April 5, 16:00

Statistics

Top 5 player percentages
Round robin only

Perfect games

References
General

Specific

External links

World Men's Curling Championship
World Men's Curling Championship
International sports competitions hosted by Canada
Curling in Nova Scotia
Sport in Halifax, Nova Scotia
World Men's Curling Championship
World Men's Curling Championship
World Men's Curling Championship
Sports competitions in Nova Scotia


title: Salvatore Cuomo

text:
Salvatore Shigeta (born Salvatore Cuomo) is an Italian-born Japanese celebrity chef, restaurateur and media personality, known for his food-focused television shows and cookbooks, and his restaurants across Asia.

He is known in Japan as "The Pizza Man" and "The Grand Chef". He owns and operates Ystable Corporation, ownedtogether with Seizaburo Kanayama.

Early life
Salvatore Cuomo was born in Naples, Italy, in 1972, the son of an Italian father and Japanese mother.

Cuomo was first inspired by his father who also was an Italian Chef in Naples. He began at the young age of 11, where he trained himself in the kitchen and traveled frequently between Italy and Japan.  He gradually learned how to blend the traditional Italian art of cooking with the Japanese art of perfection.

A few years later he travelled to Japan with his father who opened an Italian restaurant in Chiba in 1984.
About those early years Salvatore told the press that it wasn't a good starting experience: "I didn’t like Japan at all, so after one year, I went back to Italy and spent 2–3 years studying at a culinary school. When I was 18, I returned to Japan after my father became terminally ill and I have been here ever since."
Cuomo said that Italian Cuisine was just starting to get popular in those days. He and his two brothers decided that in order to succeed in the restaurant business in Japan they would have to understand the Japanese food mentality. They spent a couple of years researching the market before opening a new restaurant in Tokyo with what Cuomo calls "Original Neapolitan pizza."

Since that time, Cuomo has been credited with catapulting Neapolitan pizza to fame in Japan, and today in all Asia.

Career
His first job was as a pizzaiolo in Naples, where he first gained experience with preparing pizzas and Italian dishes, and developed a relationship with his mentor, his father.

Cuomo has been credited with catapulting Neapolitan pizza to fame in Japan, and today he operates and supervises more than 77 Pizza Salvatore restaurants, and five The Kitchen Salvatore Cuomo restaurants (in Kyoto, Nagoya and Shanghai, Seoul Korea), as well as Salvatore Cuomo Bros (under the umbrella of XEX), BOTTEGA casual dining, Café al Grazie, and Italiaichiba Bar establishments.

Cuomo has made numerous guest appearances on TV programs such as Iron Chef and Buona Sera, an Italian cooking program on WOWOW.

He has written three books: Welcome to Neapolitan Dining Table (1995), Happy Pasta (1997), Sun’s Dining Table (1999), One Life (2010), #PIZZAUNESCO 2016 (2016), #PIZZAUNESCO 2017 (2017)

In 2010, the Yucasee Newspaper reported Salvatore Cuomo collaborating with 辻口博啓氏 Tsujikuchi Hiroshi Akira, Japanese chef patissier-chocolatier.
In March 2014, ANA (All Nippon Airways) joins Salvatore Cuomo
Chef Cuomo said numerous times to be very careful that all his outside activities do not take him out of the kitchen for too long. "It's very important to stay in my chef's uniform. I may be a CEO but the kitchen is my second home. You can only understand the feelings of your customers by being there, not just by asking staff."

In December 2013, Tsujikuchi Hiroshi chef at Le Chocolat de H (Japan), owned by Salvatore Cuomo, wins the highest award for a Pastry Chef at the Salon Du Chocolat, International Pastry Competition held in Paris.

In February 2014, Salvatore Cuomo opened his first restaurant in Taiwan. TVBS reported that the chef's move would help the country with an injection of $70 million in the economy.

Paul Huaug, pizzaiolo working for Chef Cuomo won the Caputo Cup (Taipei) in May 2014. Paul Huang is the first officially recognised Taiwanese pizzaiolo by the Italian Neapolitan Pizzaiolo Association). Always the same month Salvatore Cuomo appears on Vogue Taiwan and Taiwanese Television storm the restaurant for the weeks after the competition as first Taiwanese Pizza Maker wins an international competition for the first time in the history of the country.

In June 2014, Taiwanese magazine Bazar named Cuomo the best thing that landed in Taiwan in 2014.

TV and media
Salvatore started doing TV in Japan, hosting a TV cooking program on major television and smaller channels.

Every new opening is still today carefully followed by the Japanese Media

In June 2010, Chinese Magazine Sina Fashion calls Salvatore "a gift from Naples" after the success of the first VPN Accredited Neapolitan Restaurant in mainland China.

In February 2013 South Korean editor Ju Younguk describes the moment Pizza first arrived in the country in 1985 as if history repeated itself with the first Salvatore Cuomo Restaurant opening in Korea.
The food critic talks about Salvatore visiting local artisans in order to reproduce the authentic wood oven to bake pizza in Korea too, titleing him "a treat Precious in taste"

In 2013 XEX Tokyo Restaurant owned by Salvatore Cuomo was described by Anthony Bourdain during his show Anthony Bourdain: No Reservations Tokyo, on the Travel Channel as the final destination for the Japanese elite.
In 2019 Arirang TV Documentary about Chef Salvatore Cuomo In Busan Korea Travel Channel

Awards and honours

In June 2004 awarded by the ICF Worldwide Italian Cuisine Ambassador. A proponent of fresh italian cuisine, Cuomo was named the most influential Italian person in Japan.

In 2006, 2007 and 2008, Chef Cuomo placed in the first 3 positions at the International Pizza Festival held in Naples World Pizza Championship.

In 2009, he was honored Chevallier by the ORDRE DES COTEAUX DE CHAMPAGNE in recognition to his economic help to the wine industry and expansion of Italian and French products in Asia.

In 2010, he was named World Wide 1st. Ambassador of Mozzarella Bufala Campana.

In 2013 was awarded Parma Ham Specialist by the Parma Ham Prosciutto for his high quality restaurants where Parma Ham is used and his contribution to the industry.

In 2017 UNESCO Committee Member of the Neapolitan Pizza Association: Listing of the Art of Neapolitan Pizza Making on UNESCO'S Intangible Cultural

2020-2023 San Pellegrino-Acqua Panna Brand Ambassador in Japan

Other

2020-2023 San Pellegrino-Acqua Panna Brand Ambassador in Japan
 2017 UNESCO'S Committee Member of the Neapolitan Pizza Association: Listing of the Art of Neapolitan Pizza Making on UNESCO'S Intangible Cultural Heritage Loist in Cheju Iland Korea
 2016 Asia Team Leader - Longest Pizza in the World in Naples, Italy, Guinness World Records 2014 Parma Ham Specialist
 2013 APN Ambassador in Asia2012 Ordre des Coteaux de Champagne (Officier)2010 Shanghai EXPO EXECUTIVE CHEF Casa Italia
 2009 Verace Pizza Napoletana Ambassador in the world. Pizza World Championship 3rd Classified PIZZA FEST NAPLES
 2008 Pizza World Championship 2nd. Classified PIZZA FEST NAPLES
 2007 Pizza World Championship 1st. Classified PIZZA FEST NAPLES

Books
 Welcome to Neapolitan Dining Table (1995)
 Happy Pasta (1997) – Japanese Only
 Sun’s Dining Table (1999)
 One Life (2010)
 #PizzaUnesco (2016-2017)

References
  2019 feb. Arirang TV Korea Documentary aout Chef Salvatore Cuomo in Busan

Further reading
Japan Today, The Pizza Man at Japan Today
Spice with style on the side at Japan Times.
 Salvatore Cuomo arrives in Taiwan – Issue 203 – 2014/03/01 in Taipei Walker Magazine.
 Vouge. Restaurant of the month.
 Vogue talks about The Kitchen Restaurant of Salvatore Cuomo, The New Shanghai.

External links

Biography at Tokyo Families, February 2011.

Italian chefs
Italian male bloggers
Italian food writers
Italian people of Japanese descent
Living people
Businesspeople from Naples
1972 births
Japanese television chefs
Expatriate television personalities in Japan


The Cameroon women's national volleyball team represents Cameroon in international women's volleyball competitions and friendly matches. The team is one of the leading nations in women's volleyball on the African continent.

The team played in the 2014 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship in Italy, after securing a ticket by winning the African Pool T qualifiers with the best win–loss ratio.

Cameroon lastly qualified for the 2021 Women's African Nations Volleyball Championship where it won the gold medal.

Results

Olympic Games
 2016 — 11th place

FIVB World Championship
2006 — 21st place
2014 — 21st place
2018 — 21st place
2022 — 24th place
2025 — Qualified

FIVB World Cup
2019 — 12th place

FIVB World Grand Prix
 2017 — 30th place

FIVB Volleyball Women's Challenger Cup
 2022 — 8th place

African Championship
 2003 —
 2005 — 5th place
 2007 — 6th place
 2009 —
 2011 — 5th place
 2013 —
 2015 —
 2017 —
 2019 —
 2021 —
 2023 —

All-Africa Games
 2003 — 4th place
 2007 — 2nd place
 2011 — 2nd place
 2015 — 2nd place
 2019 — 2nd place

Current squad
The following is the Cameroonian roster in the 2018 World Championship.

Head coach: Jean-René Akono

See also
Cameroon men's national volleyball team

References

External links
FIVB profile

Volleyball
National women's volleyball teams
Volleyball in Cameroon
Women's sport in Cameroon


title: 2015 World Women's Curling Championship

text:
The 2015 World Women's Curling Championship (branded as the Zen-Noh World Women's Curling Championship 2015 for sponsorship reasons) was held from March 14 to 22 at the Tsukisamu Gymnasium in Sapporo, Japan. It marks the second time that a world championship has been held in Japan, after the 2007 World Women's Curling Championship in Aomori.

Qualification
The following nations are qualified to participate in the 2015 World Women's Curling Championship:
 (host country)
Two teams from the Americas zone

 (given that no challenges in the Americas zone are issued)
Eight teams from the 2014 European Curling Championships

 (winner of the World Challenge Games)
One team from the 2014 Pacific-Asia Curling Championships

Teams

WCT ranking
World Curling Tour Order of Merit ranking of national teams (year to date total)

Round-robin standings
Final round-robin standings

Round-robin results
All draw times are listed in Japan Standard Time (UTC+9).

Draw 1
Saturday, March 14, 14:00

Draw 2
Saturday, March 14, 19:00

Draw 3
Sunday, March 15, 9:00

Draw 4
Sunday, March 15, 14:00

Draw 5
Sunday, March 15, 19:00

Draw 6
Monday, March 16, 9:00

Draw 7
Monday, March 16, 14:00

Draw 8
Monday, March 16, 19:00

Draw 9
Tuesday, March 17, 9:00

Draw 10
Tuesday, March 17, 14:00

Draw 11
Tuesday, March 17, 19:00

Draw 12
Wednesday, March 18, 9:00

Draw 13
Wednesday, March 18, 14:00

Draw 14
Wednesday, March 18, 19:00

Draw 15
Thursday, March 19, 9:00

Draw 16
Thursday, March 19, 14:00

Draw 17
Thursday, March 19, 19:00

Tiebreaker
Friday, March 20, 9:00

Playoffs

3 vs. 4
Friday, March 20, 19:00

1 vs. 2
Saturday, March 21, 9:00

Semifinal
Saturday, March 21, 17:00

Bronze medal game
Sunday, March 22, 9:00

Final
Sunday, March 22, 15:00

Statistics

Top 5 Player percentages
Final Round Robin Percentages

Perfect games

References
General

Specific

External links
 (web archive)

World Womens
World Womens Curling
Sports competitions in Sapporo
Women's sport in Japan
World Women's Curling Championship
International curling competitions hosted by Japan
March 2015 sports events in Japan
21st century in Sapporo
Women's curling competitions in Japan


title: Shakti (David S. Ware album)

text:
Shakti is an album by saxophonist David S. Ware which was recorded in 2008 and released on the AUM Fidelity label. This was the first album Ware recorded after the breakup of the quartet that had been his main band for over 20 years.

Reception

In his review for AllMusic, Michael G. Nastos said "Those who enjoy the music of David S. Ware can easily relate to this excellent recording of his new music concept, backed by equally extraordinary players who perfectly understand his vision and purpose". PopMatters review stated "Shakti operates as a call to remind people of their deeper essences".

The All About Jazz review noted "A refreshingly lyrical and emotionally committed performance by masterful improvisers, Shakti ebbs with soulful intensity and inspired interplay, making this one of the most compelling, yet accessible, recordings of Ware's career". The JazzTimes review by Steve Greenlee commented "Ware’s old storminess helped him produce some of free jazz’s finest works. Shakti is no less fascinating. But it is a new direction for Ware, one that promises to be equally fulfilling".

Track listing
All compositions by David S. Ware
 "Crossing Samsara" - 9:39
 "Nataraj" - 18:10
 "Reflection" - 12:38
 "Namah" - 8:27
 "Antidromic" - 9:26
 "Shakti" - 9:33

Personnel
David S. Ware – tenor saxophone, kalimba
Joe Morris - guitar, percussion
William Parker – bass
Warren Smith – drums, percussion

References

2009 albums
David S. Ware albums
AUM Fidelity albums
Indian mythology in music


title: Amycterini

text:
Amycterini is a tribe of beetles in the subfamily Cyclominae.

Genera
Acantholophus - Acherres - Achorostoma - Aedriodes - Alexirhea - Amorphorhinus - Amycterus - Anascoptes - Antalaurinus - Atychoria - Brachyrothus - Chriotyphus - Cubicorhynchus - Cucullothorax - Dialeptopus - Dicherotropis - Ennothus - Euomella - Euomus - Gagatophorus - Hyborrhinus - Hypotomops - Lataurinus - Melanegis - Molochtus - Myotrotus - Mythites - Neohyborrhynchus - Notonophes - Oditesus - Ophthalamycterus - Parahyborrhynchus - Pseudonotonophes - Sclerorinus - Sclerorrhinella - Sosytelus - Talaurinellus - Talaurinus - Tetralophus - Xenommamycterus

References

 Ferguson, E.W. 1912: Revision of the Amycterides. Part ii. Talaurinus. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, 37 (1): 83–135, pls. 2–3.
 Ferguson, E.W. 1913: Revision of the Amycterides. Part ii. Talaurinus (continued). Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, 38 (2): 340–394.
 Ferguson, E.W. 1915: Notes on the Amycterides in the South Australian Museum, with descriptions of new species. Part II. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia, 39: 57–90.
 Ferguson, E.W. 1923: Revision of the Amycterides (Coleoptera). Part VIII. The Euomides. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, 48 (3): 381–435.
 Waterhouse, G.R. 1854: Notes on the species of Amycterus and allied genera, with descriptions of some new species. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London (series 2), 3 (2): 75–80.
 Zimmerman, E.C. 1993: Australian weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea). Volume 3. Nanophyidae, Rhynchophoridae, Erirhinidae, Curculionidae: Amycterinae, literature consulted. CSIRO Publications - Entomological Society of America. Melbourne.  (v. 3)  (set)

External links

Cyclominae
Beetle tribes


title: Aaj (film)

text:
() is a 1987 Indian Hindi-language film, directed by Mahesh Bhatt and produced by Kuljeet Pal. It stars Raj Babbar, Smita Patil, Kumar Gaurav, Marc Zuber, and Anamika Pal. The film featured songs written by the Hindi poets Sudarshan Faakir and Madan Pal. Akshay Kumar made his first screen appearance with this film under his birth name 'Rajiv Hari Om Bhatia', in a bit role as a Karate instructor. Kumar further stated that he later chose his official stage name as Akshay Kumar, after Gaurav's on-screen name in the film.

Story
Akshay (Kumar Gaurav) is a youngster whose sister has been missing for a long time. Akshay often wanders around on the streets looking for her. One day he meets and befriends a girl (Anamika Pal), who helps him to search for his sister with him. The movie traces their search and the twists that their own lives take during this search.

 is about Anjali Bakshi, an independent natured, head-strong daughter of a rich industrialist, who leaves no stone unturned to see her happy always! Arun Bakshi is not very pleased to see his daughter enjoy her job of Rs. 600/- a month as a reporter with News of India. At the local police station where she goes to investigate, Anjali meets Akshay, a young boy, dim in the head, looking for his missing elder sister, Kavita. This young man is not capable of doing anything except deliver flowers for a florist. Anjali gets interested in finding out more about Akshay's sister. And Akshay clings to her for moral and emotional support. When researching for a feature on missing persons, Anjali unfolds a story closely linked with her family, and she is left with no choice but to rebel. Anjali is already engaged to be married to Sumeet, who is not keen to have Akshay around. Sumeet and his doctor father try their best to keep Akshay away from their lives. They seem to know a family secret.

Cast

 Smita Patil as Kavita
 Kumar Gaurav as Akshay
 Raj Babbar as Press Editor
 Raj Kiran as Sumit
 Marc Zuber as Arun Baxi
 Anamika Pal as Anjali
 Ila Arun as Bharti
 Suresh Chatwal as Inspector Ghorpade
 Yusuf as Hitman
 Haidar Ali as Dr. J. J. Khosla
 Akshay Kumar as Shiva (cameo appearance)

Soundtrack

References

External links

1987 films
1980s Hindi-language films
Indian drama films
Films directed by Mahesh Bhatt


title: Romano Crivici

text:
Romano Crivici (1953) is an Australian violinist, pianist and composer.

Romano Crivici is one of Australia's only contemporary composers who is also a recognised contemporary classical performer on both violin and piano. Crivici, a former member of the Sydney Symphony Orchestra and the New England String Quartet, has also worked widely as a repetiteur and conductor. However it has been his work as composer, director and violinist with his group Elektra String Quartet and Elektra Collektiv, that has made a unique contribution.

The Elektra String Quartet, is best known for performing works by Crivici himself, as well as other Australian composers such as Nigel Westlake, Robert Davidson, Roger Dean, Mathew Hindson, Paul Stanhope, Martin Armiger , Ross Edwards and other contemporary works. Crivici founded the Elektra String Quartet in 1993 soon after leaving the Sydney Symphony Orchestra and created a disciplined and flexible ensemble that worked within many cross cultural art-forms. The ensemble featured works by Crivici himself as well as commissioning and performing works by some of Australia's best known composers. His personal connection to the Australian landscape has inspired many of his works including his recent Flat Earth for string quartet, didjeridu and percussion (2015), Landscape for string quartet (1999), Journey to a Mythical Place for string quartet (1993). His collaboration with indigenous artists has allowed him to create scores which "sensitively incorporate Indigenous elements", giving voice to a unique and evolving Australian style.

Crivici has also been commissioned by many organisations and ensembles including the Australian Broadcasting Corporation, Sydney Symphony Orchestra, Arafura Ensemble, 10 Days on the Island Festival, Sydney Film Festival, Fresh Ballet Company, Sydney Dance Company, One Extra Dance Company and Pacific Arts Festival.

At the height of Elektra's performance trajectory he completed a master's degree in Performance (Conducting) as well as a Diploma of Social Science (Anthropology) both at the University of Sydney.

Reflecting the larger scale of the works he now creates, Crivici has expanded Elektra String Quartet to a much larger ensemble Elektra Collectiv, which, now comprised both classical and jazz performers, he directs from the keyboard.

Elektra String Quartet
Romano Crivici formed the Elektra String Quartet in 1990. It came to be considered one of Australia's most innovative and prolific ensembles in the contemporary music scene.

Performing both nationally and internationally with tours of South America and Europe, it presented a range of music with particular focus on Australian composers, and the compositions of its director and founder, Romano Crivici.

Its 2015 concert series at Venue 505 in Sydney, won the Sydney Fringe Festival Genre Excellence Award for Best Musical Performance with its performance of Crivici's Gregorian Funk.

The present line-up of musicians are drawn from the ranks of Sydney's professional players - Andrew Haveron (concert master of the Sydney Symphony Orchestra) and Romano Crivici on violin, Robert Harris, viola and Adrian Wallis (Sydney Symphony Orchestra) playing cello.

Sydney-based, Elektra came into being in 1990 in response to its members strongly felt need to go beyond the conventional limits, images and accepted boundaries of the traditional string quartet.

Performing both nationally and internationally Elektra received critical acclaim as a ground breaking, exciting and always accessible voice in the Australian contemporary music scene.

Crivici says - "Looking back, it is almost strange to remember the excitement and uniqueness of being in a position to explore, and participate in the creation of new music, new techniques, sounds and technologies, both amongst ourselves, and in collaboration with other musicians and composers.  As such, our performance philosophy consisted in balancing our experimental and improvisational musical explorations with solid core works in our programming"

Members of the quartet have changed over the years:

Mirka Rozmus, Jacob Plooj, Chris Latham, Romano Crivici on violin; Rudi Crivici on viola and Adrian Wallis, Marcus Hartstein, Peter Morrison, Emma Luxton, on cello.

Selected works
 String Quartet #5 Gregorian Funk 2015
 String Quartet #4 Undercurrents 2105
 Slavic Grooves & Meditations 2015 for flute, viola, piano, bass, percussion
 Reflections on Life Death & Transience 2014  for violin, viola & poet
 If Leaves Could Sing 2017 for piano
 Mantra 2004 for bass clarinet & string quartet

Recordings
 Ebb & Flow 2017 No Self Records
 Stringlines 2012 Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) Classics
 Flat Earth 2001 Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) Classics
 Timeless 1999 No Self Records
 Luminous 1997 No Self Records
 Moving On 1993 Larrikan Records

References

1953 births
Living people
Australian classical violists


title: U.S. Bicycle Route 50

text:
U.S. Bicycle Route 50 (USBR 50) is a planned east–west cross country U.S. Bicycle Route that currently consists of two discontiguous sections: a western section between San Francisco and Border, Utah, and an eastern section between Terre Haute, Indiana, and Washington, D.C.

Route description

|-
| CA ||
|-
| NV ||
|-
| IN ||
|-
| OH ||
|-
| WV ||
|-
| PA ||
|-
| MD ||
|-
| DC ||
|- class="sortbottom"
! scope="row" | Total ||
|}

California
USBR 50 begins in San Francisco. It incorporates a ferry ride across the San Francisco Bay, the Jedediah Smith Memorial Trail in Sacramento County, the El Dorado Trail in El Dorado County, and the Mormon Emigrant Trail before reaching South Lake Tahoe.

Nevada
USBR 50 crosses the state line at Stateline, Nevada, then follows U.S. Route 50 for  to the Utah state line at Border, Utah, with a brief detour along State Route 722. Near the eastern terminus is a junction with State Route 487, which leads to U.S. Bicycle Route 79 at the Utah state line near Garrison, Utah. The Nevada segment of USBR 50 includes 12 summits over . It passes near Great Basin National Park.

Indiana
After a large gap in the Midwestern United States, USBR 50 traverses eight counties in Indiana, from the Illinois state line just outside Terre Haute to the Ohio state line outside Richmond. The route through Indiana roughly parallels the Historic National Road (U.S. Route 40), except for a bypass to the south of Indianapolis. USBR 50 briefly joins U.S. Bicycle Route 35 in New Palestine.

Ohio

USBR 50 continues through Ohio, traversing 11 counties to the Market Street Bridge that connects Steubenville and Follansbee, West Virginia.

The route through Ohio incorporates a number of rail trails. From west to east, it follows the Wolf Creek Recreation Trail, Great Miami River Recreation Trail, Mad River Recreation Trail, Creekside Trail, Little Miami Scenic Trail, Prairie Grass Trail, Roberts Pass, Camp Chase Trail, Scioto Greenway Trail, Alum Creek Greenway Trail, Thomas J. Evans Trail, and Panhandle Trail. USBR 50 also runs along state and U.S. routes, especially in the more rugged terrain east of Newark. In Xenia, USBR 50 shares a short segment of the Little Miami trail with State Bike Route 3. From Xenia to Columbus, it shares the Prairie Grass, Roberts Pass, and Camp Chase trails local segments the Ohio to Erie Trail with U.S. Bicycle Route 21 and State Bike Route 1.

West Virginia
This is in the Northern Panhandle of West Virginia.  The route begins at the Market Street Bridge at its crossing the Ohio River at connects to the Panhandle Trail and continues on into Pennsylvania.

Pennsylvania
USBR 50 mostly follows the Panhandle and Montour Trails and the Great Allegheny Passage as it crosses five counties to connect Colliers, West Virginia, with Frostburg, Maryland. From West Newton to Rockwood, it shares the Great Allegheny Passage with BicyclePA Route S.

Maryland and Washington, D.C.

From the Pennsylvania state line near Frostburg, USBR 50 continues along the Great Allegheny Passage and then follows the Chesapeake & Ohio Canal Towpath to the Georgetown neighborhood of Washington, D.C. U.S. Bicycle Route 11 currently terminates at USBR 50 in Brunswick, Maryland.  After crossing the Washington, D.C. line, the Arizona Avenue Bridge, carrying the Capital Crescent Trail, eventually passes over USBR 50, after which the final three miles of the route run close and parallel to the Capital Crescent Trail. U.S. Bicycle Route 1 is accessible close to the terminus of USBR 50 south of the Potomac River in Virginia.

History
The first segment of USBR 50, incorporating the length of the C&O Canal Towpath in Maryland, was approved by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) on October 23, 2013. On May 29, 2014, AASHTO approved additional segments in Ohio and Washington, D.C., including the remaining  of the C&O Towpath. On September 25, 2015, AASHTO approved the route through Indiana, as well as an alternate route in the Columbus, Ohio, area that had been part of Ohio's original route proposal. USBR 50 signs were posted along the Ohio segment in the summer of 2016. AASHTO approved the  route across Pennsylvania in 2017 and the  route across Nevada the following year. AASHTO also approved a 2018 realignment of USBR 50 in Ohio, trimming  from the route, passing through Hopedale and bypassing Alexandria. In the Fall 2018, AASHTO approved a realignment within London, Ohio, adding  to the route.  AASHTO approved the route across West Virginia at their Fall 2019 meeting.

Auxiliary routes

U.S. Bicycle Route 50A

U.S. Bicycle Route 50A (USBR 50A) is an alternate route through Delaware and Licking counties northeast of Columbus, Ohio. During planning for USBR 50 in Ohio, this route was proposed as a scenic route. However, it was omitted from the USBR 50 proposal approved by AASHTO in 2013. USBR 50A was later approved by AASHTO in 2015. The route extends from Westerville to Alexandria over various local roads as well as the Thomas J. Evans Trail, Hoover Scenic Trail, and Genoa Township Trail (part of the Ohio to Erie Trail).

See also
 American Discovery Trail, a long-distance hiking trail with similar endpoints

References

External links

 U.S. Bicycle Route 50 in Ohio, Ohio Department of Transportation

50
Bike paths in California
Bike paths in Indiana
Bike paths in Ohio
Bike paths in Maryland
Bike paths in Nevada
Bike paths in Pennsylvania
Bike paths in Washington, D.C.
Bike paths in West Virginia
2013 establishments in the United States
2013 establishments in Maryland
2014 establishments in Ohio
2014 establishments in Washington, D.C.
2015 establishments in Indiana
2017 establishments in Pennsylvania
2018 establishments in Nevada
2019 establishments in West Virginia
2020 establishments in California