title: Shin Kong Group

text:
The  Shin Kong Group () is a large enterprise group in Taiwan, the group traces its origin back to the establishment of the Shin Kong Store in 1945 by group founder . The Shin Kong Store was engaged in the trading of fabrics and the import and export of sugar and tea. Wu created the name "Shin Kong" from the first Chinese character in the name Hsinchu, the city where he was born, and the first character in the given name of his business benefactor .

In 1951, Wu extended Shin Kong's reach in the textile industry with the founding of Shinkong Spinning Co., Ltd. The company steadily expanded into other industries with the establishment of Shinkong Insurance and  in 1963 and the Great Taipei Gas Corporation in 1964, setting a strong base for the company's future. In 1986, Eugene Wu assumed the chairmanship of the group. The group subsequently established  in 1992 and completed the landmark Shin Kong Life Tower in Taipei the following year. Since then, Shin Kong has steadily diversified and grown to become an integrated business with operations covering the financial, security, manufacturing, consumer, medical, and philanthropy sectors.

Shin Kong Financial Holding Co., Ltd. (SKFH) was founded as a publicly listed company in 2002. Through its subsidiaries Shin Kong Life Insurance, Shin Kong Bank, MasterLink Securities, Shin Kong Investment Trust, Shin Kong Property Insurance Agency, and Shin Kong Venture Capital, the company provides financial instruments.

 Financial Services
{|
| valign="top" |
Shin Kong Financial Holding()
Shin Kong Life Insurance
Shin Kong-HNA Life Insurance
 Taiwan Shin Kong Commercial Bank
 MasterLink Securities
 Shin Kong Investment Trust
 Shin Kong Property Insurance Agency
 Shin Kong Venture Capital
Shinkong Insurance
|}

 Security Services
{|
| valign="top" |
Taiwan Shin Kong Security()
Shin Kong Life Real Estate Service Company
|}

 Manufacturing
{|
| valign="top" |
Shinkong Textile
Shinkong Synthetic Fibers
|}

 Consumer Services'''
{|
| valign="top" |
The Great Taipei Gas
Shin Hai Gas
Shin Kong Chao Feng
Shin Kong Mitsukoshi Department Store
 Shin Kong Construction & Development
|}

 Medical, Philanthropic and Public Services
{|
| valign="top" |
Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital
Shin Kong Medical Club
Shin Kong Shien Ya International
Shin Kong Life Insurance Scholarship Foundation
Shin Kong Life Foundation
Shin Kong Wu Foundation
Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Rescue Foundation
Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Culture and Education Foundation
Shin Kong Bank Education Foundation
|}

References

2002 establishments in Taiwan
Companies based in Taipei
Companies formerly listed on the London Stock Exchange


title: Jonas Wood

text:
Jonas Wood (born 1977 in Boston, Massachusetts) is a contemporary artist based in Los Angeles.

Early life and education
Raised in Boston, Wood is the child of "art-inclined parents". Wood grew up surrounded by his grandfather's art collection which featured works from Francis Bacon, Alexander Calder, Jim Dine, Robert Motherwell, Larry Rivers, and Andy Warhol. He graduated from the Cambridge School of Weston in 1995.

As an undergraduate, Wood chose to study at Hobart College, a liberal arts school where he could study both science and art. Wood's focus was on psychology during the majority of his time studying at Hobart and William Smith College. By his junior year, he had completed his psychology major and he spent his senior year studying painting. He now holds a Bachelor of Arts in psychology from Hobart and William Smith Colleges in 1999 and a Masters of Fine Arts degree from University of Washington in 2002.

Shortly after graduating, Wood moved to Los Angeles, where he worked as a studio assistant for two years for painter Laura Owens and then another two years for sculptor Matt Johnson. He and Kusaka also worked for artist Charles Ray. While working as an assistant, Wood continued to make his own work.

Process
During his student years, he explored making collage-like works based on montaged photographs that he took of himself, his friends, and their surroundings. Wood now paints from studies (collages and drawings) and sometimes uses photography, but most of his works and studies are part of the larger plan of creating paintings. Wood states, "I work from photos. I collect photos, ones I’ve taken or I’ve appropriated or that other people have sent to me. And then I either make a collage of those things or work directly from photos. And a bunch of times, I'll make a drawing from a found photo, a photo collage, or photo I took, and then make a painting from that drawing." Wood has also done etchings. He maintains active drawing, printmaking, and collage practices, each of which helps him generate techniques that he eventually uses in his paintings.

Wood's studio is filled with the objects that influence his work, such as his children's drawings, plants, vessels, and sport memorabilia. An example of this includes a giant basketball sculpture by Paa Joe. He also works in close proximity to his partner, Shio Kusaka, whose work he appropriates and collaborates with. Wood's influences are also auditory, as he tends to listen to basketball podcasts while he works.

A New York Times article by Janelle Zara states, "the studio is where Wood culls various photographs from the internet or his own archive and uses them as source material for his paintings". The appropriated imagery is organized in labeled folders in his studio to be physically accessible during his painting process. The images are printed out and pinned onto walls, then flattened and distilled into blocks of color. Wood then layers these "dense graphic patterns, overlapping fields of stipples and stripes, circles, squares, dots and wood grains".

Themes

Jonas Wood's paintings, drawings, and prints can be described as a myriad of genres, such as domestic interiors, landscapes, still-life and sports scenes. Translating the three-dimensional world around him into flat color and line, he confounds expectations of scale and vantage point that reflect an instantly recognizable vision of the contemporary world.

In an Architectural Digest story by Rebecca Bates, Wood claimed to paint to create new memories of his former residences: "I'm interested in exploring the spaces that I’ve inhabited and the psychological impact they've had on me and my memories of them,...And then I can create a new memory of that space." The result is the perception that his work is very sincere.

Style
Wood's style is described as multidimensional. In T, he was described as working "With one foot in Modernist cool and the other in vibrant Pop Art". Similarly, Artspace describes his work as if he works "With one foot rooted in Analytic Cubism and the other in Contemporary Pop art". In The Huffington Post Wood is described in reminiscence of classic masters: "Although Wood pays homage to Van Gogh along with other abstract colorists like Matisse, Picasso and Keith Haring, his works are decidedly modern... Both steeped in tradition yet completely fresh, Wood captures the impossible sharpness of modernity with the familiar feelings of home." Roberta Smith of The New York Times notes that "his works negotiate an uneasy truce among the abstract, the representational, the photographic and the just plain weird."

Smith compares his work to those of Daniel Heidkamp. In another story about Wood, Smith noted that as a painter who paints his own life, his art bears similarity to Édouard Vuillard, Henri Matisse, Alex Katz and David Hockney.

Exhibitions
Black Dragon Society was the first gallery in Los Angeles to represent his work and give him a solo exhibition in 2006. Artist Mark Grotjahn saw Wood's paintings at that show and told Anton Kern Gallery in New York City about it. The result was Anton Kern Gallery mounting a one-man exhibition for Wood during the summer of 2007, and then Shane Campbell Gallery in Chicago hosted a solo show two months later. From that point on, he has continued to exhibit his work regularly.

Past solo exhibition have been held at the Dallas Museum of Art (2019); Museum Voorlinden, Wassenaar, the Netherlands (with Shio Kusaka, 2017); Lever House, New York (2014); and Hammer Museum, Los Angeles (2010).

Other solo projects include Still Life with Two Owls (MOCA), the façade of the Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles (2016- 2018); Shelf Still Life, High Line Billboard, High Line Art, New York (2014); and LAXART Billboard and Façade, LAXART, Los Angeles (2014).

His work is included in the permanent collections of many institutions, among them the Albright-Knox Art Gallery, Buffalo, New York; Centre Pompidou, Paris; Dallas Museum of Art; Fundación Jumex, Mexico City; Hammer Museum, Los Angeles; Marciano Art Foundation, Los Angeles; Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York; Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles; San Francisco Museum of Modern Art; Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, New York; Broad Foundation, Los Angeles; Museum of Modern Art, New York; and Whitney Museum of American Art, New York.

Art market
Wood has been represented by David Kordansky Gallery since 2011.

In May 2019, Christie's set an auction record for Wood's work when Japanese Garden 3 sold for a $4.9 million.

Personal life
Wood currently shares a studio with artist Shio Kusaka, his wife since 2002. Shio Kusaka, born in Japan, creates distinctive porcelain, and Wood then photographs and paints the pieces for co-operative exhibitions. The pair often work in tandem, motifs migrating from Kusaka's ceramic vessels to Wood's paintings and back again. He and Kusaka also incorporate imagery from their expansive art collection—including works by Alighiero Boetti, Michael Frimkess and Magdalena Suarez Frimkess, Mark Grotjahn, and Ed Ruscha—as well as from their children's storybooks and drawings. They co-author art books in a series with the pen name Wood Kusaka Studios.

In 2015 Gagosian in Hong Kong presented Blackwelder, which brought together Wood's and Kusaka's works in a dedicated two-person exhibition. This was followed by the couple's first collaborative museum exhibition, at Museum Voorlinden, Wassenaar, Netherlands, in 2017.

Bibliography
Jacob Samuel, Jonas Wood: Prints, Gagosian and Rizzoli, New York, 2019.
Anna Katherine Brodbeck, Ken Allan, Hans Ulrich Obrist, Jonas Wood, Dallas Museum of Art, 2019.
Mark Grotjahn, Helen Molesworth, Ian Alteveer, Jonas Wood, Phaidon, London, 2019.

References

1977 births
Living people
21st-century American painters
21st-century American male artists
American contemporary painters
Painters from Boston
Hobart and William Smith Colleges alumni
University of Washington alumni
American male painters


The Alabama City Wall Street Historic District is a historic district in Gadsden, Alabama.  Wall Street was the main commercial street in the town of Alabama City.  The city was founded in 1891 halfway between Gadsden and Attalla, with intentions of becoming the major industrial hub of Northeast Alabama.  In 1895 the town landed its first major concern, a cotton mill built by the Dwight Manufacturing Company of Chicopee, Massachusetts.  Its second major factory, the Alabama Steel and Wire Company, was opened in 1902.  By 1915, a thriving commercial district had grown up around 7th Avenue, which became known as "Little Wall Street".  A fire in 1927 damaged or destroyed many structures along Wall Street and Meighan Avenue.  The city would never recover from the loss, especially as neighboring Gadsden flourished; Alabama City voted to merge into Gadsden in 1932.  The architecture of the district represent the changing commercial styles of the 1910s through the 1930s.  Most are constructed in simple, brick styles with parapet roofs, some with more decorative brickwork.  Art Deco-influenced features such as terra cotta coping and glass tile accents are present on later buildings.  Other notable buildings are an Art Deco fire station (built 1936) and the Classical Revival library (built 1938).  The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2002.

References

National Register of Historic Places in Etowah County, Alabama
Historic districts in Etowah County, Alabama
Gadsden, Alabama
Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Alabama


title: Saint Tathyw

text:
Saint Tathyw was a 5th-century saint of South Wales, and founder of a monastic school at Caerwent where he instructed many of the leading  figures of the early Welsh church.

Identity
There is considerable controversy over the identity of Saint Tathyw.
 He may or may not have been the same person as Tatheus, who founded a monastery just 10 miles outside Caerwent.
 However a legend from the village of St Athan holds that Tathyw was actually a different person called Tathan the Younger and that he is buried at St Athan Parish Church, although the exact location of the grave is unknown. This person was born Tathyw ap Ynyr about 490 AD the son of Ynyr of Gwent, Grandson of Dynwal of Dyfed and great-grandson of Ednyfed King of Dyfed. His mother was Derwela Ferch Budic, a princess of Brittany.
 Others link him to Saint Tathana, granddaughter of Meuric ap Tewdric of Trebeferad, who lived a humble life as a nun in a mud hut on the River Thaw, and was associated with the monastic school of nearby Llantwit Major.

Life
King Caradog ap Ynyr (possibly the same person as Caradoc Freichfras) of Gwent's main court was originally at Caer-Guent (Caerwent), but he gave the city to St. Tathyw, while the King let his horse lead him to a new home at Portskewett. Tathyw founded a monastery to the Holy Trinity at Caer-Guent. He lived there many years with his followers and when he died he was buried under the floor of his Abbey Church.
St. Tathyw's relics at Tewkesbury indicate that he was reinterred in a reverential shrine some time prior to 1235. His monastery may actually have been at Christchurch, eight miles east of Caerwent.

Legend
One story of Tathyw relates that King Gwynllyw of South Wales stole the cow of St. Tathyw. When the monk came to demand the cow's return, the King surrendered his son Cadoc to the saint's care. As a young man, Cadoc received his habit
from St. Tathyw and returned to his native country to build a church at Llancarvan and a monastery and college.

It is also conjectured that he may have known King Arthur while at Caerwent.

Another story relates that as a child an angel appeared to Tathyw in a dream and suggested he might spread the Christian word in Wales.

References

External links
 Saints.SQPN

Welsh Roman Catholic saints
6th-century Christian saints
6th-century births
Roman Catholic monks
Year of birth unknown
Year of death unknown
Welsh hermits
6th-century Welsh people
6th-century Christian monks


title: Steve Perlman (botanist)

text:
Steven "Steve" Perlman is a botanist known for his work at the National Tropical Botanical Garden in Hawaii.

Perlman has been at the forefront of protecting Hawaii’s endangered species for more than 40 years. He has been described as a "rock star" botanist by the Voice of America. In the 1970s, he pioneered rappelling down high cliffs to save the Brighamia insignis - a rare Hawaiian plant commonly known as the Alula.  After a long career as a field botanist at the National Tropical Botanical Garden, Perlman is now (as of 2014) the statewide specialist for Hawaii’s Plant Extinction Prevention Program. The program focuses on protecting species with fewer than 50 plants remaining in the wild.

The specific epithet perlmanii in the palm Pritchardia perlmanii honors Steven Perlman who was first to notice the unique features of this species.

References
This article uses public domain text from the Voice of America as cited.

21st-century American botanists
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people


title: Stević

text:
Stević or Stevic (Cyrillic script: Стевић) is a Serbian surname.

It may refer to:

 Bogdan Stević (born 1987), Serbian footballer
 Dragutin Stević-Ranković (born 1979), Serbian former footballer
 Dušan Stević (born 1995), Serbian footballer
 Ivan Stević (born 1980), Serbian road bicycle racer
 Matt Stevic (born 1979), Australian rules football field umpire
 Miroslav Stević (born 1970), Serbian former footballer
 Oliver Stević (born 1984), Serbian basketballer
 Radomir Stević Ras (1931–1982), Serbian painter and designer
 Saša Stević (born 1981), Serbian footballer

Surnames of Serbian origin
Patronymic surnames
Surnames from given names


title: Bombing of Rangoon in World War II

text:
The bombing of Rangoon was a series of air raids conducted by the Imperial Japanese Army Air Service that took place between December 1941 to March 1942 during the Burma Campaign of World War II. The capital city of Rangoon was the first to be attacked after Japan executed air raids on Burma in preparation for its invasion of the country weeks following its declaration of war upon the United States and the United Kingdom on December 8, 1941.

December 23, 1941

Background
The air war in southern Burma was about to enter an entirely new phase after Japan executed air raids on Burma in preparation for its invasion of the country. General Michio Sugawara was planning a major bombing raid on Rangoon for December 23. Mingaladon airfield and the downtown districts of Rangoon were to be the principal targets; the Shwedagon Pagoda would provide an excellent navigation mark from the air. Like most pre-World War II airpower theorists, targeting downtown districts would serve as an effort to create terror and panic among the city's inhabitants and demoralize their will to support the war, in hoping that such raid would force them to turn against British colonial leaders.

Eighty bombers and thirty fighters were available for the operation. Most of the bombers were twin-engine Mitsubishi Ki-21 bombers. The Ki-21 was a modern type, carried a large crew and could fly at 300 miles per hour. Three squadrons of Ki-21 bombers would be supported by a squadron of nimble Nakajima Ki-27 fighters - also called a Type 97 fighter - and a squadron of Mitsubishi Ki-30s. The Ki-30 was a light bomber and carried a 600-pound bomb; for armament, it mounted one forward-firing fixed machine gun, and a rear-gunner sat behind the pilot under a greenhouse type canopy.

The Attack
The Japanese squadrons took to the skies from airfields in Thailand and Indochina on the morning of December 23. By the time they arrived over Rangoon, there were few clouds in the air and a light breeze blew from the south, thus allowing them to visually strike at the selected targets. Just before 10 a.m., the operations room at Mingaladon reported two waves of approaching raiders. Once the news came through, the base's fighters were hastily ordered to scramble in order to intercept the enemy bombers. A dozen Curtiss Tomahawks and fifteen Brewster Buffalos of the Royal Air Force and the American Volunteer Group (AVG) took off and began climbing for all the height they could manage in the time available. The Japanese aircraft arrived forty minutes after the first warning. A squadron of twin-engine bombers (62nd Sentai) made for Mingaladon with the slower single-engine fighter-bombers (31st Sentai) and fighters (77th Sentai) swarming behind. The other two squadrons of twin-engine bombers (60th and 98th Sentais) headed towards Rangoon city in a separate stream.

A pair of Buffalos already in the air for a routine patrol was first to attack the bombers heading for Mingaladon. A flight of Tomahawks soon gained sufficient height to attack the incoming Japanese aircraft. From a line astern, the fighters peeled off to rake the bombers with machine gunfire. More Tomahawks joined the battle and pilot Chuck Older forced a bomber out of formation trailing smoke. Another bomber crashed on the waterfront; the gun crew on the American freighter City of Tulsa made a claim, though the falling aircraft was probably already fatally crippled." AVG pilot Hank Gilbert's Tomahawk was shot down by defensive fire from bombers; Gilbert was the AVG's first combat death. Paul Greene bailed out when his Tomahawk went out of control; he was knocked out when he hit the earth and awoke to find he was looking along the gun barrel of a British soldier.

The 62nd Sentai - the Ki-21 squadron that had bombed Mingaladon - lost five bombers out of fifteen in the raid. All of the remaining bombers of the squadron had suffered damage. Meanwhile, a further two squadrons of Japanese twin-engine bombers had headed towards the center of Rangoon. Six Tomahawks were circling over Syriam, downriver of Rangoon, on the look-out for incoming raiders. Before long a well-drilled formation of green camouflaged twin-engine bombers was sighted approaching at 17,000 feet. The leading formation of this wave comprised eighteen bombers of the 98th Sentai; the squadron was commanded by Colonel Shigeki Usui. The Tomahawks attacked in two sections of three aircraft. One Tomahawk was damaged by the air gunners of the bombers and the pilot killed. Two of the bombers were knocked out of formation and shot down in a series of attacks by the American fighters. Three crew bailed out of one of the bombers. The body of a Japanese airman was later recovered beneath the folds of a parachute holding a grenade in the frozen claw of his hand. Several other bombers were damaged in the engagement; Colonel Usui was killed by machine-gun fire sitting in his co-pilot's seat.

Despite this, the bombers managed to inflict much damage to the selected targets. The 62nd Sentai bombed the Mingaladon airfield, damaging a number of aircraft, the operations room, the hangar, and fuel tanks. At the same time, the 98th Sentais concentrated on the city's downtown districts, and the Allied planes only intercepted less than 10 Japanese bombers. 20 minutes after bombing run by the 98th, 27 Japanese bombers of the 60th dropped payloads of bombs into downtown districts without much opposition and headed for home.

High-explosive and incendiary bombs leveled over three-fifths of the wooden-buildings and incinerated many residents; flying glass and collapsing houses caused a stampede that trampled underfoot those who had fallen. An Indian shopkeeper said, "It was (a) pitiable sight to see women with disheveled hair and babes in arms crying and running where their fear-laden whimsies took them...More pathetic were children who clung to running men and women, mistaking them for their parents."

Results
According to Japanese records, seven Ki-21 bombers were shot down and an additional twin-engine bomber crashed on the return journey during the December 23 raid. Japanese pilots and gunners always bragged that they shot down 41 Allied fighters; Allied combat claims were also excessive. No loss can be attributed to the Buffalos but four Tomahawks were shot down and two pilots were killed in the air battles.

17 Allied military personnel were killed on the grounds of Mingaladon airfield when the 62nd Sentai bombed it. An estimated 1,000-2,000 civilians were killed during the Japanese bombing of the city's downtown districts. The docks were paralyzed as the labor force fled the city; public transport ground to a halt. A district near to the main docks was burnt out by the bombing; smoke drifted skywards in columns over Rangoon.

The civil defense services broke down when many of the staff fled, though the firemen were considered to have performed well in the crisis. The raid shocked the public and caused an influx refugees as many of them fled into the surrounding jungles and some of them head north towards Prome in hopes for safety from Japanese air attack. Governor Dorman-Smith toured the city that afternoon; the dead lay still uncollected in the tropical climate.

December 25, 1941

Background
The losses suffered among Japanese bombers made Sugawara angry and decided to attack the city again on the 24th. However, he did not have much resources and equipment to gather for the attack another day so he delayed the attack until Christmas Day, December 25.

References

South-East Asian theatre of World War II
Military history of Burma during World War II
1942 in Burma
Rangoon
Rangoon
Japan–Myanmar military relations


title: PTX, Vols. 1 & 2

text:
PTX, Vols. 1 & 2 is the fourth release by Pentatonix, first released on July 30, 2014, in Japan. Considered their first official studio album, it is a compilation of all sixteen recordings from their two namesake EPs (PTX, Vol. I and PTX, Vol. II), as well as three tracks previously released as singles.

The Japanese version contains an exclusive cover of "Let It Go" (which was later released in the US on their Christmas album, That's Christmas to Me), the only previously unreleased track of the album. PTX, Vols. 1 & 2 is the first Pentatonix album released under their new label, RCA Records.

It was released in Australia on August 15, 2014, and in Korea on August 28, 2014, and subsequently in the Philippines on September 26, 2014. The Australian edition features roughly the same cover but is colored blue with "Australian Edition" beneath the graphic. On the Philippines edition, the center graphic is shaded with red (left portion), yellow (center portion) and blue (right portion) which match the colors on the flag of the Philippines and it has "Philippines Edition" beneath the graphic. On the Korean edition, the center design is shaded with a gradient fade of red, to white, to blue, matching the colors of both the North and South Korean flags with "Korea Edition" printed below it.

Track listing

References

Pentatonix albums
2014 debut albums
RCA Records albums
Covers albums


title: Styrax grandifolius

text:
Styrax grandifolius, the bigleaf snowbell or bigleaf storax, is a plant species native to the southeastern United States, ranging from Virginia south to Florida and west to Texas and Missouri.  The plant grows as a deciduous shrub or tree up to  high, and is most commonly found in upland forests of the southeast's piedmont. As the specific epithet suggests, the species has larger leaves than sympatric Styracaceae, with alternate, obovate leaves up to 14 cm long and 10 cm wide that are densely pubescent underneath. Flowers are borne during early summer in racemes containing up to 20 flowers.

Description
The bigleaf snowbell is a deciduous shrub or tree up to 6 m (20 ft) high. With dark and streaky bark, and as the specific epithet suggests, the species has larger leaves than sympatric Styracaceae, with alternate, obovate leaves up to 14 cm long and 10 cm wide that are densely pubescent underneath. This causes the underside of the leaf to appear whitish grey, with a dark green topside. These simple leaves are broadly obovate to suborbicular in shape with broadly tapered to rounded bases, with petioles from 2–10 mm. long.

Styrax grandifolius has flowers that grow in larger clusters than other species in its genus, having as many as 20 flowers in a raceme. Flowers are borne during early summer and are white flower. Flowers are composed of 5 fused sepals, 5 petals that are fused at the based and freed above. There are 10 stamens tipped with yellow or orangish anthers, with a partly inferior ovary.

Nut-like fruits, 7–9 mm in diameter, known as drupes are produced from June to October. The brownish green fruit contains up to 3 seeds.

These plants are very similar in appearance to the American snowbell (Styrax americanus), the American snowbell has smaller leaves and fewer flowers.

Etymology
The specific epithet, "grandifolius",  comes from Latin, and means big leaf, the prefix, "grandi", meaning large, and the latin noun, "folia", or leaf.

Uses
Bigleaf snowbell can be easily propagated via leaf cutting. Styrax grandifolius can be used as an ornamental plant due to its showy and copious flowers, though its use ornamentally is limited, outside of botanical gardens.

Taxonomy
The Styrax genus was original described by Linnaeus in 1753. William Aiton a Scottish botanist described Styrax grandifolius in 1789. There are 130 different members of the Styrax genus mostly from Eastern and Southeast Asia, and there are five species from North America. This genus is made up of small to medium-sized trees and large shrubs. Some authors use the synonym Styrax grandifolia for the same plant.

Styrax grandifolius can often be confused with Styrax americanus, because they have similar ranges and appearance. A notable difference being a difference in leaf size, Styrax grandifolius has larger leaves than Styrax americanus.

Distribution and habitat
Styrax grandifoliusis a plant species native to the southeastern United States, ranging from Virginia south to Florida and west to Texas and Missouri. and is most commonly found in upland forests of the southeast piedmont. Bigleaf snowbells grow in shaded areas, open mesic upland forests, or in the vicinity of floodplains. often on well- drained slopes.

These plants can grow in many different kinds of soil conditions, such as rocky clay, sandy soil on hillsides, to gravelly soil. they also have broad pH tolerance, being able to grow in soil with a pH from 5-7, and often found in a wide elevation range from as low as approximately 90 ft. to as high as 1,300 ft. Despite Styrax grandifolius being able to grow in several different soil types, conditions, and deal with moderate disturbance as well as some types of forest fires. They have a low tolerance for saturated soil and direct sunlight, which is why its often found as an under story plant.

Ecology
Styrax grandifolius occurs in many different communities including mixed-mesic or upland deciduous forests in the southeastern United States. Bigleaf snowbell attracts several different pollinators, the most common of which are honeybees and bumblebees. Other pollinators also will seek out the Bigleaf snowbell such as, swallowtail butterflies, syrphid flies, sphingid moths, wasps, and solitary bees.

Protection status & potential threats
Styrax grandifolius is considered to be secure worldwide by the Nature Conservancy. However, in the United States the Styrax grandifolius status varies from state to state. In Illinois and Indiana bigleaf snow bell is considered endangered, while in Virginia it is only on the watch list, and in Ohio it is presumed extricated. This understory shrub is at some risk from some forest management methods that clear the forest canopy, such as clear cutting or even selective logging of larger trees. Because, Styrax grandifolius is intolerant to direct sun exposure. Land development is another threat, while Styrax grandifolius can withstand some damage from landscaping activities, compacted soil negatively impacts bigleaf snowbell. Aggressive and native and invasive species, such as Japanese honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica) and Multiflora rose (Rosa multiflora) can negatively impact bigleaf snowbell. In the south, kudzu (Pueraria lobata) can pose a treat to Styrax grandifolius. Bigleaf snowbells are also susceptible to extreme cold and drought, however this usually only occurs in population that appear at the extreme margin of its range, for example, at higher elevations in South Carolina Bigleaf snowbell can be susceptible to flower bud freeze off in early spring.

References

grandifolius
Flora of the United States


title: Gloucester, Essex and Beverly Street Railway

text:
The Gloucester, Essex & Beverly Street Railway was a former street railway operating in the Cape Ann region of Massachusetts. Incorporated in 1893 in Gloucester, the railway first opened for operation on August 21, 1895, and was completed in its entirety by September 30, 1896. The railway was sold to the Gloucester Street Railway in 1900.

Route

The Gloucester, Essex & Beverly operated a trunkline from Beverly to Essex along what is today Massachusetts Route 22 and from Essex to Gloucester along what is today Massachusetts Route 133. There was also a branch line to Ipswich, forking off near Chebacco Lake. In total, the GE&B operated 23 miles of track. The mainline and Ipswich branch both ran with 30-minute headways during the summer, and 60-minute headways during the winter.

Fare Structure
Fares from Gloucester to West Gloucester and Essex were five cents and ten cents, respectively. The full mainline fare, from Gloucester to Beverly, was 30 cents. Travel along the Ipswich branch cost five cents.

References

Transportation in Essex County, Massachusetts
Streetcars in the Boston area
Interurban railways in Massachusetts
Defunct Massachusetts railroads
Gloucester, Massachusetts


title: Wild Rivers Recreation Area

text:
Wild Rivers Recreation Area is located in north central New Mexico within the Rio Grande del Norte National Monument. Two rivers that run through the park, the Rio Grande and Red River are National Wild and Scenic Rivers. NM 378 that traverses the recreation area is designated a New Mexico Scenic Byway. Recreational opportunities include whitewater rafting, hiking, biking, fishing and camping.

Geography
The recreation area is located in the high plains  from Questa. It is accessed via NM 378 off of NM 522. It is located west of the Sangre de Cristo Mountains, east of the Tusas Mountains on the Taos Plateau volcanic field. The Rio Grande and Red River, both designated National Wild and Scenic Rivers System, intersect in the park at an  deep canyon. It has ancient forests of juniper and piñon trees. Geographic features include volcanic cones, black rock canyons, and cliffs.

Description
The recreation area has the following services:
 Visitor center
 Overlooks, including La Junta Point over the confluence of the Rio Grande and Red River
 A 13-mile back country byway
 Five campgrounds, picnic areas and restrooms
 Two group shelters
 Trails access the Taos plateau, Guadalupe Mountain, back country campsites or down to the river beds. Petroglyphs are visible on the walls of the gorge. Many of the trails begin at the campgrounds.

The recreation area is wheelchair accessible.

Wildlife in the park include mountain blue-birds, red-tail hawks, mule deer and prairie dogs. Fishing and boating is available with stipulations for fishing licenses, boating permits and other requirements. Mountain bikes may traverse roads and the Guadalupe Mountain Trail, Rinconada Loop Trail, and Red River Fault Trails. Whitewater rafting, kayaking, and rock climbing activities are also available at the park.

The recreation area is open throughout the year, but during the winter months road conditions should be checked prior to travel. The Visitor Center is open between Memorial Day and Labor Day.

Wild Rivers Back Country Byway
The byway is a designated one of the New Mexico Scenic Byways and operated between an area two miles north of Questa and Cerro. The 13 mile byway—NM 378—has panoramic views that include many mountain peaks like Blanca Peak. It also provides access to park facilities, like the Wild Rivers visitor center and parking lots to campgrounds and trail heads.

Administration
The recreation is managed by the Taos Field Office of the Bureau of Land Management.

References

External links

 Wild Rivers Recreation Area, Bureau of Land Management
 Wild Rivers National Recreation Area, Sangres.com

Rio Grande
Bureau of Land Management areas in New Mexico
Protected areas of Taos County, New Mexico
Tourist attractions in Taos County, New Mexico


title: Charlie Hough Good Guy Award

text:
The Charlie Hough Good Guy Award is presented by the Miami chapter of the Baseball Writers' Association of America. The members annually vote for this award. It was named after former Florida Marlins pitcher Charlie Hough who had a great relationship with the reporters.

References

American awards


title: Liang's Garden

text:
Liang's Garden (, also known as Liang Yuan), is located in Foshan, China, and is one of four famous gardens in Guangdong Province. (The other three famous gardens are: Yuyin Garden, Keyuan and Qinghui Garden.)

Liang's Garden contains residencies, pagodas, sculptures lakes with fine gardens of trees, shrubs and flowers. It includes the Twelve-Stone House(), Qunxing Thatched Cottage (), Fenjiang Thatched Cottage () and the Hanxiang House (), among others.

It is a traditional private garden that belongs to Liang's family. The builders are uncles and nephews of the family: Liang Airu, Liang Jiuzhang, Liang Jiuhua and Liang Jiutu. They built in the Qing empire 1796, carefully built over 40 years. In the early Republic period (about 1912), the garden was nearly destroyed.

In 1982, Foshan government saved and protected Qunxing Thatched Cottage. In 1990, Liang's Garden was given cultural relic protection status by the Guangdong provincial government. In 1994, large-scale total repair began, which covered a land of 21.260 square meter.

References

Gardens in Guangdong
Tourist attractions in Foshan


title: Black Country dialect

text:
The Black Country dialect is spoken by many people in the Black Country, a region covering most of the four Metropolitan Boroughs of Dudley, Sandwell, Walsall and Wolverhampton. It also influences the accents of towns and villages in the counties to the north, south and west of the region. It is distinct from the Brummie dialect, which originates from the neighbouring city of Birmingham.

Description
In general, the Black Country dialect has resisted many of the changes from Middle English that are seen in other dialects of British English, resembling particularly Northern English and West Country English.
 There is no trap-bath split, so there is no /ɑː/ in words like bath, grass, etc., so to rhyme with math(s), gas, etc.
Like most British accents (except Received Pronunciation), there are glottal stops.
 /æ/ is uniformly pronounced as [a].
 There is no foot-strut split, so that cut rhymes with put, and both use /ʊ/.
 There is no NG-coalescence, so singer rhymes with finger, with both commonly pronounced with [ŋg~ŋk]. Indeed, the accent can be analysed as lacking the phoneme /ŋ/ with that sound instead being regarded as an allophone of /n/.
 The Black Country accent is non-rhotic, and draw and drawer are nearly homophones.
 Final unstressed vowels are further reduced, such as /wɪndə/ for window and /fə/ for far.
 Final fricative consonants can be voiced and so /s/ is pronounced as [z] and /f/ as [v], for example, bus is pronounced buzz.

The traditional Black Country dialect preserves many archaic traits of Early Modern English and even Middle English and can be very confusing for outsiders. Thee, thy and thou are still in use, as is the case in parts of Derbyshire, Yorkshire and Lancashire. "'Ow B'ist," meaning "How are you?" is a greeting contracted from "How be-est thou?" with the typical answer being "'Bay too bah," ("I be not too bad"), meaning "I am not too bad." "I haven't seen her" becomes "I ay sid 'er." Black Country dialect often uses "ar" where other parts of England use "yes" (this is common as far away as Yorkshire). Similarly, the local version of "you" is pronounced , rhyming with "so."  Among older speakers ye is used for you, as it is in most northern parts of England and Scotland. It is also common for older speakers to say "Her" instead of "She" ("'Er day did 'ah?", meaning "She didn't did she?"). The local pronunciation "goo" (elsewhere "go") or "gewin'" is similar to that elsewhere in the Midlands. It is quite common for broad Black Country speakers to say "agooin'" where others say "going". This is found in the greeting "Ow b'ist gooin?" (“How are you, How’s it going?”), to which a typical response would be "Bostin ah kid" ("Very well our kid"). Although the term yam yam may come from ya'm (you am), ya/ye is an archaic form of you and in many areas ye (pronounced like yea or ya) is used: "Owamya aer kid? — Ar ah'm owkay ta." It is possible that Black Country simply retains more country speech, unlike Birmingham, which has been settled for a much longer period of time and has developed a town speech and therefore been influenced more by standard English much longer.

A road sign containing local dialect was placed at the A461/A459/A4037 junction in 1997 before the construction of a traffic island on the site. The sign read, "If yowm saft enuff ter cum dahn 'ere agooin wum, yowr tay ull be spile't!!", which means, "If you're saft  (stupid) enough to come down here on your way home, your tea will be spoilt".

The dialect's perception was boosted in 2008 when an internet video, The Black Country Alphabet, described the whole alphabet in Black Country speak.

Common words

 "Orroight" = "Alright"
 Used as a questioning greeting, short for "Am yow orroight?"
 "Yow" = "You"
 "Yam" = "You are"
 From "Yow am" or "Yowm".
 This is the origin of "Yam Yams", a term designated by "Brummies" for the people from Wolverhampton who use this expression.
 "Am" = "Are"
 "Ar" = "Yes"
 "Arm" = "I'm"
 "Bin" = "Been", "Are" or "Am"
 "Bay" = "Not"
 "Dow" = "Doesn't"
 "Day" = "Didn't"
 "Her/'Er" = "She"
 "Cowin" = "Extremely"
 "Gewin/Gooin" = "Going"
 "Thay" = "They"
 "Oss" = "Horse"
 "Tekkin" = "Taking"
 "Cut" = "Canal"
 "Ay/Ayn" = "Ain't"
 "Ova" = "Over"
 "Cud" = "Could"
 "Cor/Car" = "Cannot"
 "Wammal" or "Scrammel" = "Dog"
 "Warra" = "What a"
 "Worrow" = "Hello"
 "Wossant" or "War/Wor" = "Wasn't"
 E.g. "It wor me"
 "Blartin" = "Crying"
 "Babbie/Babby" = "Baby"
 "Me/Mar" = "My"
 "Kaylied" = "Drunk"
 "Arl" = "I'll"
 "Doe" = "Don't"
 "Tat" = "Junk"
 "Tattin" = "Collecting scrap metal"
 "Tatter" = "Scrap collector"
 "Werk" = "Work"
 "Loff/Laff" = "Laugh"
 "Yed" = "Head"
 "Jed" = "Dead"
 "Tar" = "Thanks
 "Ah'm" = "I'm"
 "Aer Kid" or "Kidda" = A young relative, sibling, or friend
 "Arr" = "Yes"
 "Nah" = "No"
 "Saft" = "Stupid"
 "Summat" = "Something"
 "Mekkin" = "Making"
 "Med" = "Made"
 "Sayin" = "Saying"
 "Wench" = "Girlfriend" or "Girl"
 "Missis" = "Wife"

The neighbouring city of Birmingham may be called "Brum-a-jum" (Birmingham's colloquial name is Brummagem, a corruption of its older name of Bromwicham and hence West Bromwich) or Birminam (missing the "g" and "h" out and saying it the way it is spelt). Natives of Birmingham (Brummies) meanwhile often refer to their Black Country neighbours as "Yam Yams", a reference to the use of "yow am" instead of "you are". However its unlikely yam yam comes from yow'm, as the sound is totally different; it's more likely from ye (archaic form of you), as in yer'm, which when said quickly sounds like yam, as in "yam gooin daft" "you're going silly", or "don't be so stupid" in translation. How many still say this ye'm form is unknown. "Ye" for you sounds different from "ya" (which is spoken with a schwa vowel), which also means you. "Yo" can also be used in the same sentence as "ye/ya" e.g. "Yo ay gooin agen am ya?" Some areas also use "yo'me" and "yow'm", depending on location and local dialect, and phrases as with Birmingham can differ from area to area, so there is dialect variation across the Black Country without differing in the basic Black Country words. Quick speech and blended words as in "shutyarow up" (shut your row up, meaning be quiet) can seem hard to understand and can even sound like "shutchowrow up". The blendings are to be thought of as products of Black Country pronunciation, not separate dialectal words.

The general intonation can sound even more similar to that of the West Country dialects, which also has an up and down sound, but different from Brummie which tends to be one tone and going down at the end.

Authentic recordings
The Survey of English Dialects recorded several traditional dialects from in and around the Black Country, which can be heard on the British Library Sound Archive website.

 G. Brooke (b.1888), market gardener from Himley, Staffordshire in the Black Country.
 Snead, Ted (b.1881), retired farm labourer from Hilton, Shropshire, a few miles west of the Black Country.
 William Wagstaffe (b.1876), retired labourer and smallholder from Romsley, Worcestershire, a few miles south of the Black Country.

Notes

 Black Country Slang A collection of Black Country dialect and slang words

References

Black Country
English language in England


title: St. James's Church, Bergen

text:
Saint James's Church () is a special parish church in Bergen municipality in Vestland county, Norway. It is located in the Nygård area of the city of Bergen. The church is part of Bergen Cathedral parish in the Bergen domprosti (arch-deanery) in the Diocese of Bjørgvin. The white, plastered brick church was built in a long church design in 1921 using plans drawn up by the architect Daniel Muri. The church, which seats about 550 people, was consecrated on 5 May 1921.

History
The parish of St. James was established in 1917. Daniel Muri was hired to design a new church for the new parish. The church was built from 1917 until 1921. It was consecrated on 5 May 1921. The church was a parish church for St. James's parish in central Bergen from 1921 until 2002. In 2002, several urban parishes in central Bergen were merged to form Bergen Cathedral parish. At the same time, St. James's Church ceased to be a regular parish church. From 2002 until 2007, the building was leased to Normisjon, a Norwegian missionary organization, to be a special mission church called "Norkirken Bergen". In 2013, the church was re-opened as a special parish church focusing on younger people. This is a special collaboration between the diocese, the parish, and the local YMCA and YWCA.

Media gallery

See also
List of churches in Bjørgvin

References

Churches in Bergen
Long churches in Norway
Brick churches in Norway
20th-century Church of Norway church buildings
Churches completed in 1921
1921 establishments in Norway


title: 2014 BWF World Championships – Women's doubles

text:
The women's doubles tournament of the 2014 Copenhagen World Championships (World Badminton Championships) took place from August 25 to 31. Wang Xiaoli and Yu Yang enter the competition as the current champions.

Seeds

  Bao Yixin / Tang Jinhua (second round)
  Christinna Pedersen / Kamilla Rytter Juhl (third round)
  Misaki Matsutomo / Ayaka Takahashi (third round)
  Wang Xiaoli / Yu Yang (final)
  Tian Qing / Zhao Yunlei (champion)
  Jang Ye-na / Kim So-young (quarterfinals)
  Reika Kakiiwa / Miyuki Maeda (semifinals)
  Luo Ying / Luo Yu (quarterfinals)

  Jung Kyung-eun / Kim Ha-na (third round)
  Nitya Krishinda Maheswari / Greysia Polii (quarterfinals)
  Pia Zebadiah Bernadet / Rizki Amelia Pradipta (third round)
  Duanganong Aroonkesorn / Kunchala Voravichitchaikul (third round)
  Ko A-ra / Yoo Hae-won (third round)
  Eefje Muskens / Selena Piek (third round)
  Line Damkjær Kruse / Marie Røpke (third round)
  Lee So-hee / Shin Seung-chan (semifinals)

Draw

Finals

Section 1

Section 2

Section 3

Section 4

References
BWF Website

2014 BWF World Championships
BWF


title: Tathana

text:
Saint Tathana was a 5th-century saint of South Wales.
Very little is known of her actual life. She was born c.465AD and she was the granddaughter of Meuric ap Tewdric of Trebeferad. She lived a humble life as a virgin and hermit in a mud hut on the River Thaw, and was associated with the monastic school of Llantwit Major where she was buried.

There is a tradition that the village of St Athan in the Vale of Glamorgan is named after Tathana, however it is thought that the male Saint Tathan is more probable. The parish church is dedicated to Tathan.

References

Female saints of medieval Wales
5th-century Christian saints
5th-century births
Year of birth unknown
Year of death unknown
Welsh hermits
5th-century Welsh people


title: Donets Ridge

text:
The Donets Ridge is a highland that is the highest northeastern part of the Donets upland. The ridge is located within the Donetsk and Luhansk Oblasts and is partially in the Rostov Oblast (Russia). The highest point on the ridge is a hill — Mohyla Mechetna, .

Another hill, Savur-Mohyla (), was a notable site in the War in Donbass.

Name
The name derives from the river Seversky (Siversky) Donets.

References

External links
 Donets Ridge at the Great Soviet Encyclopedia

Plateaus of Ukraine
Donbas
Geography of Donetsk Oblast
Geography of Luhansk Oblast
Landforms of Rostov Oblast
Plateaus of Russia


Here Comes an Old Soldier from Botany Bay, commonly known as Here Comes an Old Soldier or just Old Soldier, is a nursery rhyme and children's game found in Australia, the United States, and the British Isles. The game and rhyme date to at least the late nineteenth century.

Lyrics

Here comes an old soldier from Botany Bay,
Have you got anything to give him to-day.

When the words are incorporated into a game by children, a caller delivers the lines and the first person responding names the item he will give. The caller then repeats the lines and the next person adds his gift to the one already named; the process is then repeated until there is a long list that has to be remembered. For example:
Caller: Here comes an old soldier from Botany Bay,
Have you got anything to give him to-day?
First person: I'll give him a hat.
Caller: Here comes an old soldier from Botany Bay,
Have you got anything to give him to-day?
Second person: I'll give him a hat and a dog.
Caller: Here comes an old soldier from Botany Bay,
Have you got anything to give him to-day?
Next person: I'll give him a hat, a dog and a meat pie...
- And so on until the list is so long no one can remember it.

Origin and variations
G. K. Chesterton wrote of the poem as a "beggars' rhyme" during his childhood in late nineteenth-century London, and quoted the words as thus:

Here comes a poor soldier from Botany Bay:
What have you got to give him to-day?

Mentions of children's games in the late 19th century indicate a variation involving the prohibition of predetermined taboo words. The words forbidden are typically 'Yes', 'No', 'Black, 'White', and sometimes other colours. The child playing the soldier may beg items of clothing and then ask what colours they are, or otherwise enter into a conversation in the hope that the child questioned will forget what has been agreed, in which case they must pay a forfeit.

Various other games incorporating the rhyme emerged in the twentieth century, most local adaptations that replaced the "old soldier from Botany Bay" with an "old woman from Botany Bay."

See also
 I packed my bag, a similar word game

References

Songs about soldiers
Children's games
Australian nursery rhymes
English nursery rhymes
Australian children's songs
English children's songs
Traditional children's songs
Fictional soldiers
Songs about the military
Memory games


title: Romualdo Polverino

text:
Romualdo Polverino (circa 1700–1731) was an Italian historical painter. He trained, alongside Scipione Cappella, under Francesco Solimena. Like Cappella, he was known mainly for his ability to make copies of the latter master's paintings. These copies were in high demand and often sold as originals. He died young of an illness that had stunted his stature.

References

18th-century Italian painters
Italian male painters
Italian Baroque painters
Year of death unknown
Year of birth unknown
1731 deaths
18th-century Italian male artists


title: Joseph Olds Gregg

text:
Joseph Olds Gregg (January 5, 1841 - February 25, 1930) was a Union Army soldier in the American Civil War who received the U.S. military's highest decoration, the Medal of Honor.

Gregg was born in Lithopolis, Ohio on January 5, 1841. He was awarded the Medal of Honor, for extraordinary heroism shown on June 16, 1864, while serving as a Private with Company F, 133rd Ohio Infantry, near the Richmond and Petersburg Ry., Virginia. His Medal of Honor was issued on May 13, 1899.

Gregg died at the age of 89, on February 25, 1930, and was buried at Lithopolis Cemetery in Lithopolis, Ohio.

Medal of Honor citation

References

External links

1841 births
1930 deaths
Burials in Ohio
People of Ohio in the American Civil War
Union Army soldiers
United States Army Medal of Honor recipients
American Civil War recipients of the Medal of Honor
People from Lithopolis, Ohio


title: Triassic Parq

text:
Triassic Parq is a musical comedy with music by Marshall Pailet, and lyrics and book by Marshall Pailet, Bryce Norbitz and Steve Wargo.

Synopsis

The novel and film Jurassic Park told from the perspective of the dinosaurs. A clan of genetically engineered female dinosaurs (played by male and female actors) is thrown into chaos when one of the female dinosaurs spontaneously turns male. Originally directed by Marshall Pailet and presented Off-Broadway at the Soho Playhouse in 2012. The original cast featured Alex Wyse (Velociraptor of Innocence), Wade McCollum (Velociraptor of Faith), Lindsay Nicole Chambers (Velociraptor of Science), Shelley Thomas (T-Rex 1), Claire Neumann (T-Rex 2), Brandon Espinoza (Mime-a-saurus), Morgan Freeman (Lee Seymour) and Zak Sandler (Pianosaurus).

Production history

Originally produced in 2010 at the NY International Fringe Festival under the title Jurassic Parq: The Broadway Musical" where it won "Best Overall Musical/Production." After Off-Broadway, it was slightly re-written and presented at the Chance Theater in Orange County where it won the Ovation Award for "Best Production of a Musical (Intimate Theater)" in addition to two other awards.

Recordings
 Original cast recording
Original Release Date: 2012

Label: Starkadia

Music: Marshall Pailet

Lyrics: Marshall Pailet, Bryce Norbitz and Steve Wargo

Director: Marshall Pailet

Music Director: Zak Sandler

 Alex Wyse – Velociraptor of Innocence
 Wade McCollum – Velociraptor of Faith
 Lindsay Nicole Chambers – Velociraptor of Science
 Shelley Thomas – T-Rex 1
 Claire Neumann – T-Rex 2
 Brandon Espinoza – Mime-a-saurus
 Morgan Freeman - Lee Seymour
 Zak Sandler - Pianosaurus

References

External links
 Official Website
 AP Reviews Triassic Parq
 LA Times Review Triassic Parq
 Licensing Website

Original musicals
2010 musicals
Off-Broadway musicals


title: Čulina

text:
Čulina () is a Croatian surname.

People with the surname include:
Antonini Čulina (born 1992), Croatian football player
Arijana Čulina (born 1965), Croatian actress
Branko Čulina (born 1957), a Croatian-born Australian football coach, and former player
Jason Culina (born 1980), an Australian-born football player
Vlado Čulina (born 1965), Croatian military officer

See also
Culina (disambiguation), Latin for "kitchen"

Surnames of Croatian origin


title: Theodore W. Greig

text:
Theodore W. Greig (March 13, 1843 – November 17, 1893) was a Union Army soldier in the American Civil War who received the U.S. military's highest decoration, the Medal of Honor.

Greig was born in New York on March 13, 1843. He was awarded the Medal of Honor for extraordinary heroism shown at the Battle of Antietam on September 17, 1862, while serving as a Second Lieutenant with Company C, 61st New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment. His Medal of Honor was issued on February 10, 1887.

Greig died at the age of 50 on November 17, 1893, and was buried at Woodlawn Cemetery in Bronx, New York.

Medal of Honor citation

References

External links

1843 births
1893 deaths
Burials in New York (state)
People of New York (state) in the American Civil War
Union Army officers
United States Army Medal of Honor recipients
American Civil War recipients of the Medal of Honor


title: Cornelius M. Hadley

text:
Cornelius Minor Hadley (April 27, 1838 – March 22, 1902) was a Union Army soldier in the American Civil War who received the U.S. military's highest decoration, the Medal of Honor.

Hadley was born in Sandy Creek, New York, on April 27, 1838, and entered service at Adrian, Michigan. He was awarded the Medal of Honor, for extraordinary heroism shown on November 20, 1863, while serving as a Sergeant with Company F, 9th Michigan Volunteer Cavalry Regiment, at the Siege of Knoxville, Tennessee. His Medal of Honor was issued on April 5, 1898.

Hadley died at the age of 63, on March 22, 1902, and was buried at Mount Hope Cemetery in Litchfield, Michigan.

Medal of Honor citation

Notes

References

External links
The Civil War Archive

1838 births
1902 deaths
People from Sandy Creek, New York
Burials in Michigan
People of Michigan in the American Civil War
Union Army soldiers
United States Army Medal of Honor recipients
American Civil War recipients of the Medal of Honor
People from Adrian, Michigan


title: John H. Haight

text:
John H. Haight (July 1, 1841 - April 8, 1917) was a United States soldier who fought with the Union Army during the American Civil War as a member of the 72nd New York Infantry. He was recognized with his nation's highest honor for valor, the U.S. Medal of Honor, for the extraordinary heroism he displayed in 1862 during the Battle of Williamsburg, Manassas Station Operations, and Second Battle of Bull Run.

Formative years
Born in Westfield, New York on July 1, 1841, John H. Haight was a son of Henry A. Haight (1799–1845) and Nancy (Griffin) Haight (1806–1898). He and his siblings, Ashley (1826–1852), Charles Edward (1832–1894), Oscar (born c. 1835), Sarah M. (1836–1912), Frances (born c. 1838), and George (1843–1862), spent their formative years with their parents in Chautauqua County, New York — years which were marked by two major transitions: the death of their father in 1845, and the remarriage of their mother, six years later, to Albert Scott, a farmer in Westfield.

Civil War
John H. Haight and his younger brother, George, became two of New York's earliest responders to President Abraham Lincoln's call for volunteers to defend Washington, D.C. following the mid-April 1861 fall of Fort Sumter to Confederate States Army troops. After his brother mustered in for a three-year term of service as a private with Company E of the 72nd New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment on June 20, 1861, John Haight then also enlisted, at the age of 22, for a three-year term on July 17, 1861 in Westfield, New York. Also officially mustering in with the 72nd New York Infantry, John Haight did so on July 24 as a private with the regiment's G Company. He was then promoted to the rank of corporal on September 1. Initially under the command Colonel Nelson Taylor, the Haight brothers and their regiment were transported to Washington, D.C., where they assisted in the defense of the city before participating in the Union Army's expedition to lower Maryland (September 15–October 2, 1861). They were then reassigned with Sickles' Brigade to the U.S. Army of the Potomac in October as part of the division commanded by Brigadier-General Joseph Hooker. Their next significant deployment came as part of the U.S. Army's Third Corps, Second Division when they engaged in the Union Army's advance on Manassas, Virginia (March 10, 1862), the expedition from Dumfries to Fredericksburg, capture of stores (March 18), and reconnoissance from Liverpool Point to Stafford Court House and subsequent operations there (April 4).

Reassigned with their regiment to the Peninsula Campaign, it was during this phase of service that one of the Haight brothers would be killed in action while the other would perform the heroic acts which would ultimately lead to his being awarded the U.S. Medal of Honor. Participants in the Siege of Yorktown, Virginia (April 5–May 4, 1862), they fought together in the Battle of Williamsburg (May 5). On that day, John Haight was severely wounded in action while carrying a wounded comrade to safety. In recalling his actions later for an interview by historians W. F. Beyer and O. F. Keydel, John Haight described what happened:

I was out on the skirmish line with our company at the time, and after holding our position for some time, the firing of the enemy was so severe that we were compelled to retreat. This we did slowly, paying back shot for shot.

We had retreated to a place of comparative safety, when I noticed that my comrade R. B. Wilson, was missing, having been wounded or killed in the retreat. My captain called for someone to volunteer to assist him in bringing Wilson off the field. I volunteered, and we started for the late scene of action.

Not knowing exactly where he had fallen, we spent some time in searching for him. At last we found him and started with him for our lines. While we had been looking for him the enemy had completely surrounded us and cut off our escape. I tried to attract their attention so that the captain could manage to escape, and in so doing was shot in the left groin, received a pretty severe scratch across both legs, and a buckshot wound in the belt.

I fell, and was immediately taken prisoner, but the next day, when they found I was unable to walk I was let out on parole. I managed to return to my company, then at Harrison's Landing.

 While his brother recuperated from his battle wounds, George Haight continued to fight on with the 72nd New York, engaging the enemy in the Battle of Seven Pines/Fair Oaks (May 31–June 1). Reunited that summer, the brothers then fought with their respective companies in the Seven Days Battles, including at Oak Grove (June 25), the Peach Orchard and Savage's Station (June 29), White Oak Swamp, Glendale (June 30), and Malvern Hill (July 1), where George Haight was killed by enemy fire. Just over three weeks later, on July 23, 1862, John Haight was promoted to the rank of sergeant.

Transferred from the Peninsula during the fall of 1862, Sergeant John Haight and his fellow 72nd New York Volunteers next saw heavy action in the Union's Manassas Station Operations (August 25–27) and the Second Battle of Bull Run (August 28–30). Once again, Haight demonstrated Medal of Honor-winning valor:

On August 27, 1862, at the battle of Bristow (sic) Station, I was suffering greatly from a severe carbuncle on my neck. On this account I was ordered to the rear before the battle commenced. From my dreary position I could hear the distant rattle of musketry, and longed to be with my comrades. Soon I began to formulate schemes whereby I could rejoin my regiment. I gave this up and decided simply to forget my orders and join my company. Here I fought until the battle was over, when I fainted and had to be carried from the field.

John Haight then saved the lives of more members of his regiment while fighting with the 72nd New York in the Second Battle of Bull Run on August 29. According to Beyer and Keydel:

The company, to which he belonged, was flanked and compelled to fall back upon the main body of the brigade. When the retreat had been completed the captain called for volunteers to rescue any wounded that would otherwise fall into the hands of the Confederates. Sergeant Haight and two others immediately volunteered for the service. They advanced towards the enemy's lines under a heavy fire, and succeeded in bringing out Private Plumb and several others whose names are not known.

Honorably discharged on March 1, 1863 from Camp Nelson Taylor in Virginia via a surgeon's certificate of disability, Haight's heroism was declared "extraordinary" 25 years later when he was awarded the U.S. Medal of Honor on June 8, 1888 (see "Medal of Honor citation" below).

Post-war life
Following his honorable discharge from the military, John Haight returned home to Westfield, and resumed life with his mother, stepfather and siblings. By the time of the 1865 New York State Census, he had married Louisa Pike (1842–1932), a native of England. Residing with his wife at his mother's home, he worked as a tinsmith. Five years later, the couple resided in their own home. Their only daughter, Nellie, was then born circa 1880. By 1915, Haight and his wife were once again the sole occupants of their Westfield home.

Haight died in Westfield at the age of 75, on April 8, 1917, and was buried at East Ripley Cemetery in Ripley, New York.

Medal of Honor citation
Rank and organization: Sergeant, Company G, 72d New York Infantry. Place and date: At Williamsburg, Va., May 5, 1862. At Bristol Station, Va., August 27, 1862. At Manassas, Va., August 29-30, 1862. Entered service at: Westfield, N.Y. Date of issue: June 8, 1888. Citation:

See also
 72nd New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment

Notes

References

External links
 Brown, Henri Le Fevre. History of the Third Regiment, Excelsior Brigade, 72d New York Volunteer Infantry, 1861-1865. Jamestown, New York: Journal Printing Co., 1902.
 "John H. Haight" (memorial with photograph and gravesite information). Salt Lake City, Utah: Find A Grave, retrieved online August 11, 2018.

1841 births
1917 deaths
People from Westfield, New York
Burials in New York (state)
People of New York (state) in the American Civil War
Union Army soldiers
United States Army Medal of Honor recipients
American Civil War recipients of the Medal of Honor
People from Ripley, New York


title: Caldwell Hill, Oklahoma

text:
Caldwell Hill is an unincorporated community located in Carter County, Oklahoma, United States.

References

Unincorporated communities in Oklahoma


title: Josefina de la Torre

text:
Josefina de la Torre Millares (1907–2002) was a Spanish poet, novelist, and opera singer, as well as a stage, film, radio, and television actress. She was closely associated with the Generation of '27, an influential group of poets including Ernestina de Champourcín, Juan José Domenchina, Concha Méndez and Carmen Conde, that arose in Spanish literary circles between 1923 and 1927, essentially out of a shared desire to experience and work with avant-garde forms of art and poetry.

In 1934, de la Torre did work as a voice actress for Paramount, dubbing over Marlene Dietrich, and also dubbed Alexander Hall's Miss Fane's Baby Is Stolen (1934). She returned to Madrid in 1935, where she began concentrating on her theatrical and musical repertoire, becoming a successful soprano. In the 1940s, de la Torre gained a reputation as a stage actress at the Teatro Nacional, and also performed in films in the 1940s, several of which were under her brother, Claudio de la Torre. In 1946, the siblings and de la Torre's husband, actor Ramón Corroto, formed the theatre company, Compañía de Comedias Josefina de la Torre, which put on numerous plays, including productions of Miguel Mihura's El caso de la mujer asesinadita and Henrik Ibsen's A Doll's House. She continued as a Madrid-based stage actress in the 1950s and 1960s, although she published two novels in 1954, En el umbral and Memories de una estrella. Despite her success in the Spanish-speaking countries, her poems were not translated into English until 2000 when a bilingual edition of Poemas de la Isla was published with translations of two volumes of her poetry by Carlos Reyes.

Biography

Early life and work
Born in Las Palmas, Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Josefina de la Torre Millares was the youngest of six children, the daughter of Las Palmas businessman Bernardo de la Torre y Comminges and Francisca Millares Cubas, the daughter of the historian, novelist and musician Agustín Millares Torres. It is therefore not surprising that her artistic temperament was diverse, although mainly music, poetry and dramatic interpretation. She was introduced into the musical field by her uncle, Néstor de la Torre Comminges, a baritone with extensive experience in the Canaries.

De la Torre began to write poetry from the young age of 8, and in 1915 she wrote a poem dedicated to the modernist poet Alonso Quesada. Her first poem was published in 1920 while her first book, Versos y estampos, published in 1927, was a collection of pieces she wrote in her teens. Her older brother, Claudio de la Torre, became a successful novelist and playwright in the early 1920s, winning the National Book Award in 1924, which inspired his sister. Her work includes four collections of poems and two short stories. Her contribution to poetry during this period led to her association with the Generation of '27, an influential group of poets including Ernestina de Champourcin, Concha Méndez and Carmen Conde, that arose in Spanish literary circles between 1923 and 1927, essentially out of a shared desire to experience and work with avant-garde forms of art and poetry. Their first formal meeting took place in Seville in 1927 to mark the 300th anniversary of the death of the baroque poet Luis de Góngora. From 1927, she gave singing recitals in Madrid, moving increasingly from her literary career into the theatre as she and her playwright brother, Claudio de la Torre created the Teatro Mínimo company in Majorca. In 1934, Gerardo Diego included her as one of only two women in his overview of Spanish poetry Poesia española.

Singer and actress
In 1934, de la Torre did work as a voice actress for Paramount, dubbing over Marlene Dietrich for films in Joinville, and also dubbed Alexander Hall's Miss Fane's Baby Is Stolen (1934). She returned to Madrid in 1935, where she began concentrating on her theatrical and musical repertoire, becoming a successful soprano. In February 1935 she performed in the "Concierto de 1900" at the Teatro María Guerrero, accompanied on piano by Cipriano Rivas Cherif. She had a stint as the soloist for the Madrid Symphony Orchestra, performing the works of Fauré, Debussy, Esplá, and Saint-Saëns. During the Spanish Civil War she returned to her hometown. There she would publish her first cinematic novels under the pseudonym of Laura de Comminges, publishing the La Novela Ideal collection in 1937.

In the 1940s, de la Torre gained a reputation as a stage actress at the Teatro Nacional, and also performed in films in the 1940s. Between 1944 and 1957, she also performed on stage at the Teatro invisible de RNE. She made her debut in Primer amor, dirigida, directed by her brother Claudio, and she subsequently appeared in the films such as Claudio's La blanca paloma (1942) and Misterio en la marisma (1943), José María Castellví's El camino del amor (1943), Julio de Fletchner's Y tú, ¿quién eres? (1944), Miguel Pereyra's Una herencia en París (1944) and Edgar Neville's La vida en un hilo, su último trabajo (1945), opposite Conchita Montes and Rafael Durán. During this period she also did work as an assistant director, as a screenwriter and from 1942, she was a columnist in the film magazine Primer Plano, appearing on the cover twice. She also participated as an actress in soap operas of the Radio Nacional. She later appeared in television from 1966.

In 1946, de al Torre formed her own theatre company, Compañía de Comedias Josefina de la Torre, in collaboration with her actor husband Ramón Corroto, and her director brother Claudio. They put on numerous plays, including productions of Miguel Mihura's El caso de la mujer asesinadita and Henrik Ibsen's A Doll's House. Until 1958, she also worked in theatres such as Teatro María Guerrero, Dido Pequeño Teatro, and Ensayo del Teatro Español. In the 1960s, she often worked with the likes of Amparo Soler Leal, Nuria Espert, María Fernanda D'Ocón and Vicente Parra. In the late 1960s, she was one of the first actresses, along with Camille Carrión and Eider Barber, to appear in a Spanish musical version of The Sound of Music, for which she earned critical acclaim.

Return to writing and death
In 1954, she published the novels En el umbral and Memories de una estrella.
In her later years, she returned to her poetic roots, with a retrospective named Marzo incompleto in 1968. In 1989, the Biblioteca Básica Canaria published an anthology of her works.  However, despite her success in the Spanish-speaking countries, her poems were not translated into English until 2000 when a bilingual edition of Poemas de la Isla was published with translations of two volumes of her poetry by Carlos Reyes. Josefina de la Torre died in Madrid in 2002.

References

External links

1907 births
2002 deaths
People from Las Palmas
Spanish women poets
Spanish women novelists
20th-century Spanish novelists
20th-century Spanish women opera singers
Spanish stage actresses
Spanish television actresses
Spanish radio actresses
Spanish film actresses
20th-century Spanish actresses
20th-century women writers
20th-century Spanish poets
Las Sinsombrero members


title: Francis B. Hall

text:
Francis Bloodgood Hall (November 16, 1827 - October 4, 1903) was a Union Army soldier in the American Civil War who received the U.S. military's highest decoration, the Medal of Honor.

Hall was born in New York on November 16, 1827, and entered service at Plattsburgh, New York in October 1862. He was awarded the Medal of Honor, for extraordinary heroism shown on May 3, 1863, at the Battle of Salem Church, while serving as a Chaplain with the 16th New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment. He mustered out with his regiment a few weeks later. His Medal of Honor was issued on February 16, 1897.

Hall died at the age of 75, on October 4, 1903, and was buried at Riverside Cemetery in Plattsburgh, New York.

Medal of Honor citation

Notes

References

External links

 16th Infantry Regiment – Civil War – First St. Lawrence County Regiment; First Northern New York Regiment

1827 births
1903 deaths
Military personnel from New York (state)
Burials in New York (state)
People of New York (state) in the American Civil War
Union Army soldiers
United States Army Medal of Honor recipients
American Civil War recipients of the Medal of Honor


title: Zoran Roje

text:
Zoran Roje (born 7 October 1955) is a Croatian former professional water polo player and coach. As a member of the Yugoslavia national team, he won the gold medal at the 1984 Summer Olympics and the silver medal at the 1980 Summer Olympics. Born in Split, he has led the Croatia national team to the silver medal at the 2003 European Championship held in Kranj.

See also
 Yugoslavia men's Olympic water polo team records and statistics
 List of Olympic champions in men's water polo
 List of Olympic medalists in water polo (men)
 List of World Aquatics Championships medalists in water polo

References

External links

1955 births
Living people
Water polo players from Split, Croatia
Croatian male water polo players
Yugoslav male water polo players
Olympic water polo players for Yugoslavia
Water polo players at the 1980 Summer Olympics
Water polo players at the 1984 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1980 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1984 Summer Olympics
Olympic gold medalists for Yugoslavia
Olympic silver medalists for Yugoslavia
Olympic medalists in water polo
Competitors at the 1979 Mediterranean Games
Competitors at the 1983 Mediterranean Games
Mediterranean Games gold medalists for Yugoslavia
Mediterranean Games medalists in water polo
Croatian water polo coaches
Croatia men's national water polo team coaches
Water polo coaches at the 2004 Summer Olympics


title: Petree

text:
Petree is a surname. It may refer to:

 Andy Petree, former NASCAR crew chief & current newscaster
 Gregori Chad Petree (born 1978), American musician
 Keats Petree (1919–1997), American illustrative artist
 Nick Petree, minor league pitcher for the Missouri State Bears

See also
 Petrey (surname)


title: Henry Seymour Hall

text:
Hiram Seymour Hall (September 26, 1835 - July 1, 1908) was a Union Army officer in the American Civil War who received the U.S. military's highest decoration, the Medal of Honor

Hall was born in Barkersville, New York, on September 26, 1835. He was awarded the Medal of Honor, for extraordinary heroism shown on June 27, 1862, at the Battle of Gaines's Mill and on November 7, 1863, at the Second Battle of Rappahannock Station, while serving as a captain with Company G, 121st New York Infantry.

After the war, he returned to New York and married Augusta J. Galentine Hall (1842–1927). The couple had three children: Clarence Seymour Hall (1868–1922), Harry B. Hall (1869–1891), and Augusta J. Hall Kemper (1880–1940). His Medal of Honor was issued on August 17, 1891. Hall died at the age of 72, on July 1, 1908, survived by his wife and two of his children and was buried at Oak Hill Cemetery in Lawrence, Kansas.

Medal of Honor citation

Notes

References

External links
 121st Infantry Regiment – Civil War – Otsego And Herkimer Regiment

1835 births
1908 deaths
People from Saratoga County, New York
Burials in Kansas
People of New York (state) in the American Civil War
Union Army officers
United States Army Medal of Honor recipients
American Civil War recipients of the Medal of Honor


title: A New Shade of Blue

text:
A New Shade of Blue is an album recorded by American saxophonist Harold Land in 1971 for the Mainstream label.

Reception

AllMusic awarded the album 3 stars.

A reviewer of Dusty Groove stated "An overlooked chapter in the Harold Land/Bobby Hutcherson partnership that recorded more famously for Blue Note – a date that's issued here under the tenorist's own name, but which also features equal contributions from Hutcherson on vibes! Tracks have that long, modal quality that has the pair almost birthing a whole new generation in jazz expression – a style that's more sophisticated than earlier soul jazz, yet equally soulful in its own sort of way – aware of all the freedoms of the avant scene, yet never fully indulgent of them – and always guided by a spirit set loose by Coltrane, but in ways that are very different than so many others in the post-Coltrane generation!"

Track listing
All compositions by Harold Land except as indicated
 "A New Shade of Blue"9:48
 "Mtume" (Bobby Hutcherson)10:12
 "Ode to Angela"6:12
 "De-Liberation"8:39
 "Short Subject"8:47

Note: "Dark Mood," originally issued on a "various artists" sampler, is included as a bonus track on the streaming version of this album. It was also included as a CD bonus track on the 1991 issue of Damisi.

Personnel
 Harold Landtenor saxophone
 Bobby Hutchersonvibraphone
 William Hendersonpiano, electric piano
 Buster Williamsbass
 Billy Hartdrums
 James Mtume Foremancongas

References

1971 albums
Harold Land albums
Mainstream Records albums
Albums produced by Bob Shad


title: Ontario Highway 501

text:
Secondary Highway 501, commonly referred to as Highway 501, was a provincially maintained secondary highway in the Canadian province of Ontario. The highway was  long, connecting Highway 103 north of Port Severn with Honey Harbour.

Highway 501 was first assumed by the Department of Highways (DHO), predecessor to the Ministry of Transportation of Ontario, in 1956, along with most secondary highways in Ontario. In the early 1970s, the route was transferred to the newly established District Municipality of Muskoka and has since been known as Muskoka Road 5, or Honey Harbour Road. Today Muskoka Road 5 is accessed from Highway 400 at exit 156.

Route description
The route of Highway 501 was, and remains, a short access road to summer cottages and islands along the rugged Georgian Bay shoreline, and the small port of Honey Harbour. The area, known for its scenic granite outcroppings, overlays the southern fringe of the Canadian Shield. Beginning at Port Severn, west of the modern Highway 400 interchange (exit 156) at what is now Violet Drive, the route travelled west for  to a crossroads, then proceeded north.
This crossroad is now bypassed by a gradual curve.
Continuing north, the route generally followed the current alignment of Muskoka Road 5, except between Bass Bay Road and Sunset Lane, where a former alignment lies in the forest east of the current road. The route meandered north and westward through the forest before entering Honey Harbour.
The designation ended at the marina entrance in town.

History
The route of Highway 501 was first assumed by the DHO in early 1956, along with several dozen other secondary highways. It was likely maintained as a development road prior to that. It connected Port Severn with Honey Harbour along a  route.
The route remained unchanged as Highway 103 was built into Muskoka,
a corridor now occupied by Highway 400. The creation of the District Municipality of Muskoka on January 1, 1971,
resulted in the province transferring responsibility for secondary highways to the district. By 1973, Highway 501 had been redesignated as Muskoka Road 5,
as it remains today.

Major intersections

References

501
501


title: Jazz Jennings

text:
Jazz Jennings (born October 6, 2000) is an American YouTube personality, spokesmodel, television personality, and LGBT rights activist. Jennings is one of the youngest publicly documented people to be identified as transgender. Jennings received national attention in 2007 when an interview with Barbara Walters aired on 20/20, which led to other high-profile interviews and appearances. Christine Connelly, a member of the board of directors for the Boston Alliance of Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, and Transgender Youth, stated, "She was the first young person who picked up the national spotlight, went on TV and was able to articulate her perspective and point of view with such innocence." Her parents noted that Jennings was clear on being female as soon as she could speak.

Jennings is an honorary co-founder of the TransKids Purple Rainbow Foundation, which her parents founded in 2007 to assist transgender youth. In 2013, she founded Purple Rainbow Tails, a company in which she fashions rubber mermaid tails to raise money for transgender children. Jennings hosts a series of YouTube videos about her life, titled "I Am Jazz". She stars in the TLC reality TV series, I Am Jazz, which premiered in 2015 and focuses on her daily life with her family and the challenges she faces as a transgender person.

Early life and education
Jennings was born in Florida to parents Greg and Jeanette. She has an older sister, Ari, and older twin brothers Sander and Griffen. The family is Jewish. Regarding the last name, Jeanette explained that "Jennings is our pseudonym, to sort of make life easier. We try to hide our real last name as much as possible...Our last name is a very Jewish, long last name."

Jennings was assigned male at birth and was diagnosed with gender dysphoria by age four, making her one of the youngest publicly documented people to be identified as transgender. Jennings made it clear as soon as she could speak that she was female, and, although the family presented her publicly in gender-neutral clothing, she wanted to be presented in feminine clothing.

As a child, Jennings went to Camp Aranu'tiq, the first sleepaway camp for transgender children. She graduated from Broward Virtual School in 2019 and was the valedictorian of her class. She was accepted to Harvard University, but delayed entry for a year.

Career

At six years old, Jennings and her family began appearing on television to speak about the challenges of growing up transgender. Her story has been covered by national television shows 20/20 and The Rosie Show, where she appeared alongside Chaz Bono.

In 2007, Jennings's parents founded TransKids Purple Rainbow Foundation to assist transgender youth; she is an honorary co-founder of the organization.

In 2011, I Am Jazz: A Family in Transition, a documentary about her life and family, premiered on the Oprah Winfrey Network.

In 2013, Jennings founded Purple Rainbow Tails, a company in which she fashions rubber mermaid tails to raise money for transgender children. That same year, in a follow-up interview with Barbara Walters on 20/20, they discussed Jennings' two-and-a-half-year battle with the United States Soccer Federation (USSF), the governing US body for the sport, to allow her to play on girls' teams. Aided by the National Center for Lesbian Rights, she succeeded in changing the USSF's policies to allow trans students to play.

Jennings co-wrote the 2014 children's book, I Am Jazz, with Jessica Herthel, the director of the Stonewall National Education Project. The book details her life as a transgender child. According to libertarian magazine Reason, "I Am Jazz is one of the most banned books in the [United States]".

In 2014, Jennings was a guest at the GLAAD Media Awards, sharing the stage with Zach Wahls and Lauren Foster. That year she was also named one of "The 25 Most Influential Teens of 2014" by Time, and recognized as the youngest person ever featured on Outs "Out 100" and Advocates "40 Under 40" lists. She was also named in OUTs 2014 Trans 100 list, named a Human Rights Campaign Youth Ambassador, and received LogoTV's 2014 Youth Trailblazer Award. In March 2015, Johnson & Johnson announced a deal for Jennings to appear in Clean & Clear commercials. Jennings became a spokesmodel for Clean & Clear's "See The Real Me" digital campaign and shared "the trials of growing up transgender." She also modeled for the NOH8 Campaign. She also authored a piece for Time magazine's 100 Most Influential People List, writing the entry for Laverne Cox.

The day-to-day life of Jennings and her family is documented in the TLC reality series I Am Jazz, which debuted in July 2015.  The seventh season premiered on November 30, 2021. In 2016, Jennings published a memoir, Being Jazz: My Life as a (Transgender) Teen.

In 2017, Robert Tonner and the Tonner Doll Company announced plans to produce a doll modeled after Jennings. It was to be the first doll to be marketed as transgender. The same year, Jennings voiced a teenage transgender character, Zadie, in the season finale of the Amazon Video animated series Danger & Eggs, who sings about acceptance, helping the two protagonists understand the meaning of a chosen family. Jennings described the experience as "groundbreaking," saying she was proud to be part of the show, especially in an episode that takes place at "a Pride event," saying it makes the role significant, meaningful, powerful, and special. In 2018, it was announced Jennings would star in a short film called Denim. It would focus on a transgender teen named Micayla and the events following the viral release of a photo of her in the girls' bathroom taken by a former friend. It was released to Amazon Prime Video on July 20, 2019. In 2019, Jennings made a guest appearance on the fifteenth season of the ABC program, What Would You Do? Jennings voiced the character Lily the Fairy in the 2019 episode "Cedric & the Fairies" of The Bravest Knight, an animated series.

Personal life
In 2012, Jennings discussed her sexual orientation with Barbara Walters during her 20/20 interview, saying she was romantically attracted to boys and that she harbored some apprehension about dating because of her transgender identity. In a Q&A video on her YouTube channel in July 2014, Jennings said that she was pansexual, and that she loved people "for their personality", regardless of their sexual orientation and gender. In 2013, Jennings publicly discussed her wish to become a mother in the future.

Medical complications
In an interview published in the April 11, 2018, issue of People, Jennings said that, per her surgeons' instructions, she had lost at least  in order to have gender reassignment surgery, which was scheduled for June 20, 2018. The surgery was successful, but was followed by complications that required another procedure. The surgery was performed by Dr. Jess Ting and Dr. Marci Bowers.

Jennings has said she struggles with mental illness and weight gain. In an Instagram post, Jennings said she has binge eating disorder. After her acceptance to Harvard, Jennings began to binge eat, gaining nearly 100 pounds, which caused her to delay her entry into college. She has said that her family has fat shamed her.

References

External links

 Purple Rainbow Tails
 TransKids Purple Rainbow Foundation

Activists from Florida
American child activists
American children's writers
American Jews
American LGBT rights activists
American women memoirists
American YouTubers
American transgender writers
Harvard University alumni
LGBT media personalities
Transgender memoirists
LGBT people from Florida
LGBT YouTubers
Living people
Pansexual people
Participants in American reality television series
Pseudonymous women writers
Transgender Jews
Transgender women writers
Transgender women entertainers
Women civil rights activists
Writers from Florida
2000 births
21st-century American memoirists
21st-century American women writers
21st-century American LGBT people
21st-century pseudonymous writers


title: Listed buildings in Fredensborg Municipality

text:
This is a list of listed buildings in Fredensborg Municipality, Denmark.

The list

2980 Kokkedal

2990 Nivå

3050 Humlebæk

3480 Fredensborg

Delisted buildings

References

External links

 Danish Agency of Culture

Fredensborg


title: Ontario Highway 504

text:
Secondary Highway 504, commonly referred to as Highway 504, was a provincially maintained secondary highway in the Canadian province of Ontario. The highway was  long, connecting Highway 28 south of Apsley with Highway 620 in Glen Alda.
The only other community served by Highway 504 was Lasswade.

Highway 504 was established, along with many other secondary highways, in 1956. Originally, the route looped around Chandos Lake back to Apsley. However, the northern portion of this loop would later become Highway 620. During the 1997-1998 mass downloading of Ontario provincial highways to local authorities, Highway 504 was downloaded to Peterborough County and has since been known as County Road 504.

Route description
Although Highway 504 no longer exists today, the route it follows is currently designated as Peterborough County Road 504. Despite this designation, a short  section near Glen Alda lies within Hastings County. The route began at Highway 28 just south of Apsley, and entered the village along Burleigh Street before turning onto Wellington Street. From there, Highway 504 travelled east into the southern fringes of the Canadian Shield, with thick forests surrounding the majority of the route. However, in addition to the hamlet of Lasswade, located around the midpoint of the highway, the route also served cottagers along the southern and eastern shores of Chandos Lake and numerous residences line the length of road. At Lasswade, located at a junction with Peterborough County Road 46, Highway 504 turned north, and meandered towards Glen Alda. There it encountered Highway 620 and ended.

History
The route of Highway 504 was first assumed by the Department of Highways in early 1956, along with several dozen other secondary highways. It was likely maintained as a development road prior to that. The route travelled in a loop around Chandos Lake, beginning and ending in Apsley.
The following year, Highway 620 was designated east from Glen Alda to connect to Highway 62.
Highway 620 assumed the northern route of Highway 504, west of Glen Alda, circa 1963.
Between then and the 1990s, the route remained unchanged. On January 1, 1998, the entirety of Highway 504, including the section that had become Highway 620, was transferred to the responsibility of Peterborough County.

Major intersections

References

504
504


title: Felipe Heusser

text:
Felipe Heusser (born 1980) is a Chilean activist and social entrepreneur, co-founder of Ciudadano Inteligente, a Latin American civic technology organization based in Santiago-Chile, awarded with the  2011 Golden Nica for 'Digital Communities' and the 2013 Omidyar Network Award.

Heusser is a Fellow at the Berkman Center for Internet and Society at Harvard University, where he conducts research in the topics of open government and civic technologies.

Being an Ashoka Fellow since 2010, Heusser has also co-founded the Latin American Civic-Hacking network Developing Latin America, the Chilean online radio Subela, and most recently the open live streaming network Rhinobird.tv, for which Heusser was awarded with the 2011 Knight News Challenge together with Jeffrey Warren.

Heusser is a member of the board of advisers for Code for America.

References

1980 births
Chilean activists
Living people
Ashoka Fellows


title: Student Learning Objectives

text:
A Student Learning Objectives (SLO) is an assessment tool that allows a teacher to quantify their impact on student achievement as measured within the parameters of a particular academic or elective standard.

Characteristics
In many cases, the standards that will be addressed will be drawn from the Common Core State Standards. Typically the SLO is developed between the teacher and their direct supervisor or principal.

A SLO is an assessment tool that allows a teacher to quantify their impact on student achievement as measured within the parameters of a particular academic or elective standard. In many cases, the standards that will be addressed will be drawn from the Common Core State Standards. Typically the SLO is developed between the teacher and their direct supervisor or principal. As the school year or pre-selected term of the SLO administration proceeds, the teacher will make frequent checks for understanding through various formative assessments. This will allow the teacher to determine the progression of learning for the student research group. At the conclusion of the school year, the teacher will collect the results and meet with their direct supervisor to discuss the data as it applies to the original goal statement. It is important to remember that SLOs have to be content and course specific with outcomes that can be measured. One of the main benefits of developing and implementing strong SLOs is the ability to increase student achievement at the classroom level. SLOs are being used as a percentage in the overall teacher evaluation system because it can quantify the pedagogical impact a teacher has on a specific set of students.

An objective is a small goal that needs to be met on the way to fulfilling the larger course outcome or goal.  A typical course will have four to five objectives that focus the various learning activities.

Elements
 Data-driven instruction & assessment - The local education agency (LEA) should review past data gathering systems to determine an overarching goal for individual teacher SLO development. It is important to include all educational stakeholders in this process. One was that this could be accomplished is to discuss the SLO with parents on "Meet the Teacher" night. The feedback from the parents would help to validate the importance of the SLO in the lives of students and their parents. Another way to include parents in the discussion would be to sponsor a Google Document that encourages collaboration on the actual SLO document itself.
 Standards-alignment - The development of an effective SLO starts with locating an academic standard that promotes rigorous student learning that results in a measurable student product or outcome. One way to motivate reluctant learners to engage in rigorous academic achievement is to add relevance to their instruction and assessments. For example, when working with a literacy standard dealing with non-fiction reading comprehension it would be beneficial to use real-world documents like an electric bill or an over-the-counter children's pain relief label. The students apply their reading comprehension strategies to documents that they are likely to encounter in the future.
 Instructional timeframe - A SLO can occur within any given timeframe between pre-assessment and post-assessment, but the recommended time period is one academic year.

Parts
Source:

 Learning goals - A teacher-developed description of what the student will know and be able to do at the end of a course based upon an overarching idea for the academic or elective discipline. A teacher will know that they have an effective learning goal when the knowledge or skill can be applied to life outside the classroom. Learning goals provide a common thread that link all units and learning situations within a course. It often answers the question, "What is the BIG idea?"
 Assessments - Valid assessments should support the student progress toward meeting an enduring understanding within the learning goal. The assessments should be based upon standards-aligned to the learning goal. Formative assessment should be collected at multiple points in the semester to determine if the students are on pace to meet the learning goal in the final summative assessment.
 Targets - Using baseline data gleaned from past performance or collected with a pre-assessment, the teacher will contextualize the SLO by establishing class-specific targets for performance levels. It is important to be ambitious and also realistic about expectations of student performance.

References

School terminology
Standards-based education


title: Tommy (London Symphony Orchestra album)

text:
Tommy is a 1972 album by the London Symphony Orchestra and English Chamber Choir, conducted  and directed by David Measham, performing arrangements by Wil Malone of The Who's 1969 album Tommy with additional arrangements by James Sullivan. The project was conceived and produced by Lou Reizner, initially with Rod Stewart singing Roger Daltrey's main role. As Pete Townshend and Daltrey became more involved, Stewart's role was reduced to singing "Pinball Wizard".

The studio version of the orchestral Tommy was issued in boxed-set LP format. It featured original artwork and photography, which used a pinball as its main motif, was designed by Tom Wilkes and Craig Braun and won the Best Album Package Grammy in 1974. The art was by Richard Amsel, Robert Heindel, Jim Manos, Alex Gnidziejko, Wilson McLean, Doug Johnson, David Edward Byrd, Robert Grossman, Charles White III, Richard Harvey and Mark English.

Though it yielded no hit singles, the album fared well on Billboard's Top Pop Albums chart, debuting on 9 December 1972, peaking at #5, and remaining on the chart for 38 weeks.

Track list

Guest soloists in order of appearance
Narrator: Pete Townshend
Nurse: Sandy Denny
Lover: Graham Bell
Father: Steve Winwood
Mother: Maggie Bell
Hawker: Richie Havens
Acid Queen: Merry Clayton
Tommy: Roger Daltrey
Cousin Kevin: John Entwistle
Uncle Ernie: Ringo Starr
Local Lad: Rod Stewart
Doctor: Richard Harris

Charts

References

1970s classical albums
London Symphony Orchestra albums
Ode Records albums
Tommy (rock opera)