title: Chasen Shreve

text:
Chasen Dean Shreve (born July 12, 1990) is an American professional baseball pitcher who is a free agent. He has previously played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Atlanta Braves, New York Yankees, St. Louis Cardinals, Pittsburgh Pirates, New York Mets, Detroit Tigers, and Cincinnati Reds.

Career

Amateur career
Shreve attended Bonanza High School in Las Vegas, Nevada. In his senior year, Shreve was named to the Nevada All-State Second team for baseball. He enrolled at the College of Southern Nevada, where he played college baseball.

Atlanta Braves
The Atlanta Braves selected Shreve in the 11th round of the 2010 Major League Baseball Draft. He made his professional debut with the Danville Braves of the Rookie-level Appalachian League that year, pitching to a 2–0 win–loss record and a 2.25 earned run average (ERA). In 2011, Shreve pitched for the Rome Braves of the Single–A South Atlantic League, finishing the season with a 5–6 win–loss record and a 3.86 ERA.

Shreve began the 2012 season with the Lynchburg Hillcats of the High–A Carolina League, where he had a 4–4 win–loss record and a 2.15 ERA, before receiving a promotion to the Mississippi Braves of the Double–A Southern League, where he had a 2–1 record and a 3.93 ERA. Shreve split the 2013 season with Mississippi and Lynchburg, pitching to a 3–1 record and a 4.43 ERA in Mississippi and a 0–1 record and a 2.75 ERA with Lynchburg.

During spring training in 2014, Shreve altered his approach to increase his pitching velocity. He had a 3–2 with seven saves and a 2.48 ERA. The Braves promoted Shreve to the major leagues for the first time on July 19, 2014, to replace Luis Avilán. The Braves demoted Shreve to the Gwinnett Braves of the Triple–A International League on August 1. He made 15 appearances for the Braves in 2014 accumulating a 0.73 ERA.

New York Yankees
The Braves traded Shreve and David Carpenter to the New York Yankees for Manny Banuelos on January 1, 2015.

Shreve pitched to a 1.89 ERA in his first  innings of the 2015 season, but had a 13.50 ERA in his final six innings, during which he allowed four home runs. Yankees catcher Brian McCann speculated that Shreve was tipping his pitches to opposing hitters, though Larry Rothschild, the Yankees pitching coach, believed Shreve was simply tired at the end of the season. Overall in 2015, Shreve ended the season 6–2 with a 3.09 ERA in 59 game appearances.

Shreve struggled to a 5.21 ERA in his first 19 appearances to begin 2016. On May 26, 2016, he was placed on the 15-day disabled list due to a left shoulder strain. On August 30, Shreve earned his first Major League save in 5–4 ten-inning win over the Kansas City Royals. In 2017, Shreve spent the first half of the season between AAA and the Yankees bullpen. Through his first 29 appearances, he collected a 2.77 ERA before being sent back down to Class AAA on July 19 after the acquisition of David Robertson and Tommy Kahnle. The Yankees recalled Shreve on July 30.

St. Louis Cardinals
On July 27, 2018, the Yankees traded Shreve and Giovanny Gallegos to the St. Louis Cardinals for Luke Voit and bonus pool money. In 39 games for the Yankees, he had compiled a 2–2 record with a 4.26 ERA.

Shreve finished his 2018 campaign in St. Louis with a 1–2 record and a 3.07 ERA in 20 relief appearances. On March 22, 2019, Shreve was designated for assignment by the team. He was outrighted on March 27 and assigned to the Memphis Redbirds of the Class AAA Pacific Coast League. He was recalled to St. Louis for the first time in 2019 on July 11, but designated for assignment once again on July 23. Shreve elected free agency on October 1, 2019.

New York Mets
On November 21, 2019, Shreve signed a minor league contract with the New York Mets. During the shortened 2020 season, Shreve appeared in 17 games for the Mets and recorded a 3.96 ERA and 34 strikeouts in 25 innings. On December 2, 2020, Shreve was non tendered by the Mets.

Pittsburgh Pirates
On February 7, 2021, Shreve signed a minor league contract with the Pittsburgh Pirates organization. On May 11, 2021, Shreve was selected to the active roster. Shreve pitched to a 3.20 ERA in 57 appearances out of the bullpen for Pittsburgh. On November 6, Shreve was outrighted off of the 40-man roster and elected free agency.

New York Mets (second stint)
On November 17, 2021, Shreve signed a minor league deal with the New York Mets. On April 4, 2022, Shreve had his contract selected to the big league roster. On July 5, the Mets designated Shreve for assignment. On July 8, Shreve was released by the Mets.

New York Yankees (second stint)
On August 28, 2022, Shreve signed a minor league deal with the New York Yankees. He elected free agency on November 10, 2022.

Detroit Tigers
On January 9, 2023, Shreve signed a minor league contract with the Detroit Tigers organization. On March 29, the Tigers announced that Shreve had made the Opening Day roster. In 47 games for Detroit, he posted a 4.79 ERA with 42 strikeouts in  innings pitched. On August 11, Shreve was designated for assignment. He cleared waivers and was released by the Tigers the same day.

Cincinnati Reds
On August 17, 2023, Shreve signed a minor league contract with the Cincinnati Reds organization. In 6 appearances for the Triple–A Louisville Bats, he registered a 2.25 ERA with 5 strikeouts in 4.0 innings of work. On September 2, the Reds selected Shreve's contract to the major league roster after Graham Ashcraft was placed on the injured list. In 3 games for Cincinnati, he allowed one run on one hit and two walks with three strikeouts in  innings of work. On September 12, Shreve was designated for assignment after Brandon Williamson was activated from the injured list. He was released by the Reds on September 16.

References

External links

1990 births
Living people
Major League Baseball pitchers
Atlanta Braves players
New York Yankees players
St. Louis Cardinals players
New York Mets players
Pittsburgh Pirates players
Detroit Tigers players
Cincinnati Reds players
Southern Nevada Coyotes baseball players
Danville Braves players
Rome Braves players
Lynchburg Hillcats players
Mississippi Braves players
Gwinnett Braves players
Scranton/Wilkes-Barre RailRiders players
Memphis Redbirds players
Indianapolis Indians players
Baseball players from Las Vegas
Louisville Bats players


title: Montpelier Mansion (Fulton, Maryland)

text:
Montpelier Mansion, sometimes referred to as "Montpelier I", was a house in western Laurel, Maryland, now more closely associated with Fulton, Maryland within Howard County, Maryland, United States. The Georgian style building was built circa 1740 and demolished following a 1994 historic survey with addendum and photos dating as late as August 1995.

History
In 1711, Henry Ridgely III (1690–1749) patented the 307 acres of land in the Howard district of Anne Arundel County called Broken Land, and in 1719 patented Ridgely's Great Park with his brother in law Thomas Worthington. The Montpelier house was constructed by Colonel Henry Ridgely IV (born 1728) and his wife Ann Dorsey (1730–1767) circa 1770. His daughter Ann Ridgely married Major Thomas Snowden, building a manor house in Laurel also named Montpelier. Prior to building the house, Ridgely IV raised volunteers in 1752 to fight in the French and Indian War. From 1760 to 1779, Ridgely served as justice to Anne Arundel County.

Montpelier was a two-and-a-half-story Georgian style building with a central hall. The brick building rested on a stone foundation with stucco facing, later covered by layers of shingles and siding. A large wooden barn and silo were onsite with the property. The property was later owned by Herbert Wessel.

The property was purchased by Hopkins Road Limited Partnership. In 1994, a historic survey was undertaken declaring there was not enough integrity of the site to be historic. Howard County Department of Planning and Zoning rezoned the historic property to PEC (Planned Employment Center). Montpelier was completely demolished to build the MP5 commercial office building adjoining the Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Lab research park. Maple Lawn Developer Jeffery Greenburg did not preserve the historic building or 12-acre site like Laurel's Montpelier. In May 1996 the building was burned, then torn down. A lone indication of the historic site's existence is the road to the facility named Montpelier Road.

Montpelier was one of many historical buildings in the region with valuable real estate that was lost to fire, including Troy Hill (1990), Avondale Mill (1991), St. Mary's College(1997), Ammendale Normal Institute (1998), Phelps Log Cabin – moved from North Laurel to Elkridge (2001), and Henryton State Hospital (2007, 2011).

See also
List of Howard County properties in the Maryland Historical Trust
Montpelier Mansion (Laurel, Maryland)
Applied Physics Laboratory

References

External links
Snowden-Warfield Family

Houses in Howard County, Maryland
Welsh-American culture in Maryland
Burned houses in the United States


title: Jane Millar

text:
Jane Isobel Millar, OBE, FBA, FAcSS (born 7 July 1953) is Professor of Social Policy and was previously the Pro-Vice Chancellor Research, University of Bath. Her research focuses on policy, families, and social security. She is a member of the Council of the Academy of Social Sciences.

Recognition
Elected a Fellow of the British Academy (2014)
Awarded Officer of the Order of the British Empire (2001) for services to social policy research and teaching.
Elected to Academy of Social Sciences (2000).
Elected Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts
Elected Fellow of the Higher Education Academy

References

Academics of the University of Bristol
Fellows of the British Academy
Officers of the Order of the British Empire
Living people
Fellows of the Academy of Social Sciences
1953 births


title: Siege of Rhodes

text:
Siege of Rhodes may refer to one of the following sieges of the island of Rhodes:

 Siege of Rhodes (305–304 BC), by Demetrius I of Macedon
 Siege of Rhodes (88 BC), siege by Mithridates VI of Pontus in the First Mithridatic War
 Hospitaller conquest of Rhodes (1306–1310), the  Knights Hospitaller invade Rhodes except for the city of Rhodes
 Siege of Rhodes (1444), unsuccessful attempt by the Mamluks under Aynal Gecut to expel the Knights Hospitaller from the island
 Siege of Rhodes (1480), first, unsuccessful attempt by the Ottoman Empire to expel the Knights Hospitaller from the island
 Siege of Rhodes (1522), second, successful attempt by the Ottoman Empire to expel the Knights Hospitaller from the island
 Battle of Rhodes (1912), capture of the island by Italy during the Italo-Turkish War
 Battle of Rhodes (1943), German capture of the island during World War II

It may also refer to:
 The Siege of Rhodes, an opera written by the impresario William Davenant, inspired by the 1522 siege


title: Queensway (horse)

text:
Queensway (foaled 1929 in Ontario) was a Canadian Thoroughbred racehorse who in 1932 won the three races that would years later officially be designated as the Canadian Triple Crown.

The chestnut filly was owned and bred by Robert W. R. Cowie and trained by Harry Giddings, Jr. Her jockey at the time of her three 1932 major wins was Frankie Mann.

Queensway had 52 starts, which included 12 wins, 8 places and 4 shows. Her career earnings were $16,811.

In 2003, she was inducted into the Canadian Horse Racing Hall of Fame.

Pedigree

See also
 List of racehorses

References

1929 racehorse births
Racehorses bred in Ontario
Racehorses trained in Canada
King's Plate winners
Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing winners
Canadian Horse Racing Hall of Fame inductees
Thoroughbred family 14-a


title: Harry K. Morton

text:
Harry Kemp Morton (October 14, 1905 – June 9, 1994) was an American lawyer and politician from New York.

Life
He was born on October 14, 1905, in Hornell, Steuben County, New York, the son of Harry Laverne Morton and May (Kemp) Morton. He attended the public schools, and graduated from the University of Buffalo Law School in 1926. He was admitted to the bar in 1927, and practiced law in Hornell. He was District Attorney of Steuben County from 1945 to 1952.

Morton was a member of the New York State Senate from 1953 to 1958, sitting in the 169th, 170th and 171st New York State Legislatures. In 1958, Morton was challenged by Harold A. Jerry, Jr. in the Republican primary for re-nomination, but the result was disputed. Morton's claim to the nomination was upheld by the Appellate Division, but overturned by the New York Court of Appeals.

He died on June 9, 1994; and was buried at the Townline Cemetery in Rathbone.

Sources

External links

1905 births
1994 deaths
People from Hornell, New York
Republican Party New York (state) state senators
Steuben County district attorneys
University at Buffalo Law School alumni
20th-century American lawyers
20th-century American politicians


title: Arab Winter

text:
The Arab Winter () is a term referring to the resurgence of authoritarianism and Islamic extremism in some Arab countries in the 2010s in the aftermath of the Arab Spring protests. The term "Arab Winter" refers to the events across Arab League countries in the Middle East and North Africa, including the Syrian Civil War, the Iraqi insurgency and the subsequent War in Iraq, the Egyptian Crisis, the First Libyan Civil War and the subsequent Second Libyan Civil War, and the Yemeni Civil War. Events referred to as the Arab Winter include those in Egypt that led to the removal of Mohamed Morsi and the seizure of power by General Abdel Fattah el-Sisi in the 2013 Egyptian coup d'état.

The term was first coined by Chinese political scientist Zhang Weiwei during a debate with American political scientist Francis Fukuyama on June 27, 2011. Fukuyama believed the Arab Spring movement would inevitably spread to China, while Zhang predicted the Arab Spring would soon turn into an Arab Winter.

According to scholars of the University of Warsaw, the Arab Spring fully devolved into the Arab Winter four years after its onset, in 2014. The Arab Winter is characterized by the emergence of multiple regional wars, mounting regional instability, economic and demographic decline of Arab countries, and ethno-religious sectarian strife. According to a study by the American University of Beirut, by the summer of 2014, the Arab Winter had resulted in nearly a quarter of a million deaths and millions of refugees. Perhaps the most significant event in the Arab Winter was the rise of the extremist group Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant, which controlled swathes of land in the region from 2014 to 2019.

In 2023, multiple armed conflicts are still continuing that might be seen as a result of the Arab Spring. The Syrian Civil War has caused massive political instability and economic hardship in Syria, with the Syrian currency plunging to new lows. In Yemen, a civil war and subsequent intervention by Saudi Arabia continues to affect the country.  In Lebanon, a major banking crisis is threatening the economy of neighboring Syria.

Definition
The term Arab Winter typically includes the following events:

Geography
The term "Arab Winter" refers to the events across Arab League countries in the Middle East and North Africa, including the Syrian civil war, the Iraqi insurgency and the subsequent War in Iraq, the Egyptian Crisis, the First Libyan Civil War and the subsequent Second Libyan Civil War, and the Yemeni Civil War. Events referred to as the Arab Winter include those in Egypt that led to the removal of Mohamed Morsi and the seizure of power by General Abdel Fattah el-Sisi in the 2013 Egyptian coup d'état.

Political developments, particularly the restoration of authoritarianism and suppression of civil liberties in Egypt since July 3, 2013, have been described as constituting a "military winter" that functioned in opposition to the goals of the Arab Spring. Various militias and tribes have started fighting in Libya after a breakdown in negotiations. The arenas of Lebanon and Bahrain were also identified as areas of the Arab Winter.

Libya was named as a scene of the Arab Winter, together with Syria, by Professor Sean Yom. The Northern Mali conflict was often described as part of the "Islamist Winter". Political changes which occurred in Tunisia, involving a change in government, as well as an ISIL insurgency, were also indicated by some as a possible "heading towards Arab Winter".

Beginning date
The first cases of usage of the Arab Winter term can be found since February 1, 2011.

Then, the Arab Winter term began circulating in the media in late 2012 and getting popular since then, referring to the deterioration of many Arab Spring conflicts into prolonging and escalating events of sectarian strife and armed violence. In its December 2012 publication, The Daily Telegraph referred to the year 2012 as the year of Arab Winter.

According to scholars of the University of Warsaw, the Arab Spring fully devolved into the Arab Winter four years after its onset. This view was also supported by Prof. James Y. Simms Jr. in his 2015 opinion article for the Richmond Times-Dispatch. In early 2016, The Economist marked the situation across Arab world countries as "worse than ever", marking it as the ongoing Arab Winter.

Impact

Economic impact
According to the Moshe Dayan Center for Middle Eastern and African Studies, as of January 2014, the cost of Arab Winter upheaval across the Arab World was some $800 billion USD. Some 16 million people in Syria, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan and Lebanon were expected to require humanitarian assistance in 2014.

According to The Economist, Malta has "benefited" from the Arab Winter, as tourists who might otherwise be in Egypt or Tunisia opt for a safer alternative.

Casualties
According to a study by the American University of Beirut, as of the summer of 2014, the Arab Winter had resulted in nearly a quarter of a million deaths and millions of refugees.

Political columnist and commentator George Will reported that as of early 2017, over 30,000 lives had been lost in Libya, 220,000–320,000 had been killed in Syria and 4 million refugees had been produced by the Syrian Civil War alone.

The Arab Winter is still ongoing as of 2021. Casualties per crisis include:
Syrian Civil War - casualty figure at 570,000 killed and counting - Conflict ongoing
2011 Iraqi insurgency, 2013 civil war, and subsequent Islamic State insurgency - casualty figure at 220,000+ killed and counting - Civil war declared over in 2017, insurgency ongoing
Yemeni Civil War - casualty figure at 350,000+ killed and counting - Conflict ongoing
Libyan Crisis - casualty figure 40,000+ killed and counting - Conflict ongoing
Egyptian Crisis and Sinai insurgency - marked the start of the Arab winter, casualty figure 5,000+ killed and counting - Conflict declared over in 2023, sporadic attacks continue

Migrant crisis

The political turmoil and violence in the Middle East and North Africa resulted in massive population displacement in the region. As a result, "boat people", which was once commonly referred to Vietnamese boat people, became frequently used, including internally displaced persons and asylum-seekers and refugees who had previously been residing in Libya, Syria, Iraq and Lebanon, have headed towards the European Union.

The attempts by some Libyans, Syrians and Tunisians to seek safety from the violence by crossing the Mediterranean sea have triggered fears among European politicians and populations of arrivals that might "flood" their shores. This has spurred a flurry of legislative activity and patrolling of the waters to manage arrivals. Despite recent efforts at a common approach to migration by the European Union Hungary and Poland have not been convinced yet. Monetary support authorised by the German legislature for private rescue operations at sea have triggered Italian government animosity.

See also
 List of modern conflicts in North Africa
 Spillover of the Syrian civil war
 Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict
 Arab Summer
 Lampedusa

References

External links
 RT – Flames, Fury & Frustration: Arab Spring spins into Arab Winter?
 RT – CrossTalk: Arab Winter?
 Arirang News – Prime Talk: Are we approaching an Arab Winter? Jang Ji-hyang, Asan Institute for Policy Studies
 VICE – Arab Winter: Syrian refugees in Lebanon Bekaa Valley
 Dimitar Mihaylov – Why the Arab Spring Turned into Arab Winter: Understanding the Middle East Crises through Culture, Religion, and Literature

2010s conflicts
2010s in Africa
2010s in Asia
Winter
Arab history
History of North Africa
History of the Middle East


The Order of Health Merit Jose Fernandez Madrid () is an order granted by Colombia, established in 1950. The order is awarded for distinguished service in the medical field to the Colombian Armed Forces.

Criteria
The Order of Health Merit Jose Fernandez Madrid is primarily awarded to members of the Colombian Military Medical Corps for acts of heroism, excellence in military spirit and discipline, performance in instruction in the development of the tasks of the General Staff, scientific research for the benefit of the Colombian Armed Forces and distinguished service. Members of the other branches of the armed forces may be awarded this order, as well as foreign civilian and military personnel.

Grades
The Order of Health Merit Jose Fernandez Madrid is awarded in the following grades:
 Grand Cross (Gran Cruz)
 Grand Officer (Gran Oficial)
 Commander (Comendador)
 Officer (Oficial)
 Knight (Caballero)
 Companion (Compañero)

Notable recipients

 C. Walton Lillehei

References

Orders, decorations, and medals of Colombia


title: Guantanamo List

text:
The "Guantanamo List" () is the list of US politicians and citizens barred from entry into Russia for being responsible for human rights abuses, primarily in Guantanamo Bay detention camp, a "symmetric response" to the Magnitsky List.

History
Initially the list, compiled in December 2012, contained 11 US officials responsible for running the Guantanamo prison. The Russian law to match the Magnitsky Act was signed by Vladimir Putin on January 28, 2012. In January 2013  Aleksey Pushkov, a Russian Parliamentarian, announced that the list had been expanded to 60 people, to include people related to the prosecution of Russian arms dealer Viktor Bout, a prosecution which was described as politically motivated, and of a Russian drug dealer Konstantin Yaroshenko, allegedly kidnapped by the US in Liberia.

In April 2013, an expanded list was published to include 18 US officials, four of whom were connected with Guantanamo and 12 who were declared responsible for human rights violations of Russian citizens abroad.

In July 2014, the Guantanamo list was further expanded with 10 people responsible for Abu Ghraib torture and prisoner abuse and 2 more related to Guantanamo, a symmetric response to the American List of individuals sanctioned during the Ukrainian crisis.

List of banned people
The people banned from Russia are listed below:
US officials accused of involvement in legalizing torture and indefinite detention of prisoners:
 David Addington, Chief of Staff to Vice President Dick Cheney (2005–2009)
 John Yoo, Assistant US Attorney General in the Office of Legal Counsel, Department of Justice (2001–2003)
 Geoffrey D. Miller, retired US Army Major General, commandant of Joint Task Force Guantanamo (JTF-GTMO), the organization that runs the Guantanamo Bay detention camps (2002–2003)
 Jeffrey Harbeson, US Navy officer, commandant of JTF-GTMO (2010–2012)

The Russian lawmakers also banned several U.S. officials involved in the prosecution and trial of Russian arms smuggler Viktor Bout and drug smuggler Konstantin Yaroshenko, both serving prison time in the United States:
 Jed Rakoff, Senior US District Judge for the Southern District of New York
 Preet Bharara, US Attorney for the Southern District of New York
 Michael J. Garcia, former US Attorney for the Southern District of New York
 Brendan R. McGuire, Assistant US Attorney
 Anjan S. Sahni, Assistant US Attorney
 Christian R. Everdell, Assistant US Attorney
 Jenna Minicucci Dabbs, Assistant US Attorney
 Christopher L. Lavigne, Assistant US Attorney
 Michael Max Rosensaft, Assistant US Attorney
 Louis J. Milione, Special Agent, US Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)
 Sam Gaye, Senior Special Agent, US DEA
 Robert F. Zachariasiewicz, Special Agent, US DEA
 Derek S. Odney, Special Agent, US DEA
 Gregory A. Coleman, Special Agent, US Federal Bureau of Investigation

References

Russia–United States relations
Magnitsky Act
2012 in Russia
2013 in Russia
2014 in Russia


title: Southern celestial hemisphere

text:
The southern celestial hemisphere, also called the Southern Sky, is the southern half of the celestial sphere; that is, it lies south of the celestial equator. This arbitrary sphere, on which seemingly fixed stars form constellations, appears to rotate westward around a polar axis as the Earth rotates.

At all times, the entire Southern Sky is visible from the geographic South Pole; less of the Southern Sky is visible the further north the observer is located. The northern counterpart is the northern celestial hemisphere.

Astronomy

In the context of astronomical discussions or writing about celestial mapping, it may also simply then be referred to as the Southern Hemisphere.

For the purpose of celestial mapping, the sky is considered by astronomers as the inside of a sphere divided in two halves by the celestial equator. The Southern Sky or Southern Hemisphere is, therefore, that half of the celestial sphere that is south of the celestial equator. Even if this one is the ideal projection of the terrestrial equatorial onto the imaginary celestial sphere, the Northern and Southern celestial hemispheres must not be confused with descriptions of the terrestrial hemispheres of Earth itself.

Observation

From the South Pole, in good visibility conditions, the Southern Sky features over 2,000 fixed stars that are easily visible to the naked eye, while about 20,000 to 40,000 with the aided eye. In large cities, about 300 to 500 stars can be seen depending on the extent of light and air pollution. The farther north, the fewer are visible to the observer.

The brightest stars are all larger than the Sun. Sirius in the constellation of Canis Major has the brightest apparent magnitude of −1.46; it has a radius twice that of the Sun and is 8.6 light-years away. Canopus and the next fixed star α Centauri, 4.2 light-years away, are also located in the Southern Sky, having declinations around −60°; too close to the south celestial pole for either to be visible from Central Europe.

History
The first telescopic chart of the Southern Sky was made by the English astronomer Edmond Halley, from the island of St Helena in the South Atlantic ocean and published by him in 1678.

See also
 Astronomical coordinate systems
 Celestial spheres
 Northern celestial hemisphere

References

Astronomical coordinate systems
Hemispheres


title: Williams Place

text:
Williams Place is a historic home and farm complex located near Glenn Springs, Spartanburg County, South Carolina. It was developed between about 1839 and 1850, and includes 10 contributing buildings, 1 contributing site, and 2 contributing structures. The majority of the buildings are of log construction and include a small house, a large house, a kitchen, a smokehouse, a smithy, two corn cribs, a ruined house, and barn / stable. Frame buildings and structures include a privy and a barn. Also on the property are a well and an earthen dam.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

References

External links

Farms on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Buildings and structures completed in 1850
Houses in Spartanburg County, South Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in Spartanburg County, South Carolina
Log buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina


title: Balance sheet recession

text:
A balance sheet recession is a type of economic recession that occurs when high levels of private sector debt cause individuals or companies to collectively focus on saving by paying down debt rather than spending or investing, causing economic growth to slow or decline. The term is attributed to economist Richard Koo and is related to the debt deflation concept described by economist Irving Fisher. Recent examples include Japan's recession that began in 1990 and the U.S. recession of 2007-2009.

Definition
A balance sheet recession is a particular type of recession driven by the high levels of private sector debt (i.e., the credit cycle) rather than fluctuations in the business cycle. It is characterized by a change in private sector behavior towards saving (i.e., paying down debt) rather than spending, which slows the economy through a reduction in consumption by households or investment by business. The term balance sheet derives from an accounting equation that holds that assets must always equal the sum of liabilities plus equity. If asset prices fall below the value of the debt incurred to purchase them, then the equity must be negative, meaning the consumer or business is insolvent. Until it regains solvency, the entity will focus on debt repayment. It has been argued that a balance sheet recession essentially is the same phenomenon that the German economist Wilhelm Röpke and Austrian School economists in the 1930s denoted as a secondary deflation.

Causes
High levels of indebtedness or the bursting of a real estate or financial asset price bubble can cause a balance sheet recession. This is when large numbers of consumers or corporations pay down debt (i.e., save) rather than spend or invest, which slows the economy. Economist Richard C. Koo wrote in 2009 that under ideal conditions, a country's economy should have the household sector as net savers and the corporate sector as net borrowers, with the government budget nearly balanced and net exports near zero. When imbalances develop across these sectors, recession can develop within the country or create pressure for recession in another country. Policy responses are often designed to drive the economy back towards this ideal state of balance.

Rather than savings by households being invested by businesses, as is the case under typical economic conditions, the savings remains in the banking system and will not be invested by businesses regardless of the interest rate. A large private sector financial surplus (savings greater than investment), a proverbial "hole" in the economy, can develop.

Paul Krugman wrote in July 2014: "The logic of a balance sheet recession is straightforward. Imagine that for whatever reason people have grown careless about both borrowing and lending, so that many families and/or firms have taken on high levels of debt. And suppose that at some point people more or less suddenly realize that these high debt levels are risky. At that point, debtors will face strong pressures from their creditors to “deleverage,” slashing their spending in an effort to pay down debt. But when many people slash spending at the same time, the result will be a depressed economy. This can turn into a self-reinforcing spiral, as falling incomes make debt seem even less supportable, leading to deeper cuts; but in any case, the overhang of debt can keep the economy depressed for a long time."

Martin Wolf wrote in July 2012: "Now consider what happens when the asset prices start to fall. Debtors will be unambiguously poorer. Creditors will also feel poorer, since their assets will have deteriorated in quality. Financial intermediaries will become both insolvent and illiquid. There is likely to be a systemic financial crisis. The supply of credit to the private sector will halt. Borrowing will shrink. Investment, particularly in new housing, will collapse. The desired savings of the heavily indebted will rise, as they seek to pay down excessive debt. Creditors, too, will become far more cautious, as they recognise how vulnerable they have become to a wave of bankruptcy among their debtors. The overall effect will be big cutbacks in spending and a deep recession, if not worse. A big financial crisis will accelerate the cuts and turn the recession into a potential depression. That is, of course, what happened in 2008. The effects of the emergence of balance-sheet constraints on spending and borrowing will, in brief, be revealed in the huge financial surpluses in the private sectors of crisis-hit economies."

Historical examples

Japan 1990–2005
For example, economist Richard Koo wrote that Japan's "Great Recession" that began in 1990 was a "balance sheet recession". It was triggered by a collapse in land and stock prices, which caused Japanese firms to have negative equity, meaning their assets were worth less than their liabilities. Despite zero interest rates and expansion of the money supply to encourage borrowing, Japanese corporations in aggregate opted to pay down their debts from their own business earnings rather than borrow to invest as firms typically do. Corporate investment, a key demand component of GDP, fell enormously (22% of GDP) between 1990 and its peak decline in 2003. Japanese firms overall became net savers after 1998, as opposed to borrowers. Koo argues that it was massive fiscal stimulus (borrowing and spending by the government) that offset this decline and enabled Japan to maintain its level of GDP. In his view, this avoided a U.S. type Great Depression, in which U.S. GDP fell by 46%. He argued that monetary policy (e.g., central banks lowering key interest rates) was ineffective because there was limited demand for funds while firms paid down their liabilities, even at near-zero interest rates. In a balance sheet recession, GDP declines by the amount of debt repayment and un-borrowed individual savings, leaving government stimulus spending as the primary remedy.

Koo wrote in 2010 that firms may switch from a profit maximization objective to debt minimization until they are solvent (i.e., equity is positive). This may take a long time; when the bubble burst in 1990, corporate demand for funds immediately collapsed, and by 1995, the demand was negative, meaning that Japanese companies were making net pay downs of their debt. The demand remained negative for 10 years, until 2005. This happened despite near zero interest rates.

United States 2007–2009

Economist Paul Krugman wrote in 2014 that "the best working hypothesis seems to be that the financial crisis was only one manifestation of a broader problem of excessive debt--that it was a so-called "balance sheet recession".

U.S. household debt rose from approximately 65% GDP in Q1 2000 to 95% by Q1 2008. This was driven by a housing bubble, which encouraged Americans to take on larger mortgages and use home equity lines of credit to fuel consumption. Mortgage debt rose from $4.9 trillion in Q1 2000 to a peak of $10.7 trillion by Q2 2008. However, it has fallen since as households deleverage, to $9.3 trillion by Q1 2014.

While U.S. savings rose significantly during the 2007–2009 recession, both residential and non-residential investment fell significantly, approximately $560 billion between Q1 2008 and Q4 2009. This moved the private sector financial balance (gross private savings minus gross private domestic investment) from an approximately $200 billion deficit in Q4 2007 to a surplus of $1.4 trillion by Q3 2009. This surplus remained elevated at $720 billion (~$ in ) in Q1 2014. This illustrates the core issue in a balance sheet recession, that an enormous amount of savings was tied up in the banking system, rather than being invested.

The decline in housing prices also caused U.S. household equity to plummet, from a peak of $13.4 trillion in Q1 2006 to $6.1 trillion by Q1 2009, a 54% decline. Household equity began to rise after Q4 2011 and was back to $10.8 trillion by Q1 2014, approximately 80% of its pre-crisis peak level. Such a decline in equity shifts household behavior towards deleveraging, as indicated by the reduction in mortgage balances since Q2 2008 described above.

A July 2012 survey of balance sheet recession research reported that consumer demand and employment are affected by household leverage levels. Both durable and non-durable goods consumption declined as households moved from low to high leverage with the decline in property values experienced during the subprime mortgage crisis. In other words, according to the accounting equation, as the value of their primary asset (homes) fell, mortgage debt initially remained fixed, so equity also fell, causing the ratio of debt to equity (a measure of leverage) to rise. This sudden increase in leverage, causing consumers to shift from spending to paying down debt, can account for a significant decline in employment levels, as employers cut back due to concerns of lower consumer demand. Policies that help reduce mortgage debt or household leverage could therefore have stimulative effects.

Economist Martin Wolf wrote in 2012 that the financial crisis in the U.S. was a balance sheet recession:
"The overall story, then, is of an economy driven not by fiscal policy decisions, but by private sector decisions taken for reasons that have nothing to do with the long-run fiscal prospects of the economy. Meanwhile, the government, as a whole, was driven into huge deficit by these private sector decisions. That is exactly what one expects to happen in a huge balance-sheet recession, such as this one."

Economists Atif Mian and Amir Sufi wrote in 2014 that:
Historically, severe economic downturns are almost always preceded by a sharp increase in household debt.
U.S. household spending declines were largest in geographic areas with a combination of higher household debt and larger housing price declines.
When housing prices fall, poorer homeowners (with a larger proportion of their net worth in their home) are hit the hardest financially and reduce their consumption relatively more than wealthier households.
Declines in residential investment preceded the recession and were followed by reductions in household spending and then non-residential business investment as the recession worsened.

Policy response
Responses to recessions typically include fiscal stimulus through higher government deficits and monetary stimulus, such as lower interest rates and monetary creation. However, the solvency (net worth) of economic actors is a third important element when dealing with a balance sheet recession, as either asset price declines must be reversed or debt levels reduced, or combination of both.

In Krugman's view, balance sheet recessions require private sector debt reduction strategies (e.g., mortgage refinancing) combined with higher government spending to offset declines from the private sector as it pays down its debt, writing in July 2014: "Unlike a financial panic, a balance sheet recession can’t be cured simply by restoring confidence: no matter how confident they may be feeling, debtors can’t spend more if their creditors insist they cut back. So offsetting the economic downdraft from a debt overhang requires concrete action, which can in general take two forms: fiscal stimulus and debt relief. That is, the government can step in to spend because the private sector can’t, and it can also reduce private debts to allow the debtors to spend again. Unfortunately, we did too little of the first and almost none of the second."

Krugman discussed the balance sheet recession concept during 2010, agreeing with Koo's situation assessment and view that sustained deficit spending when faced with a balance sheet recession would be appropriate. However, Krugman argued that monetary policy could also affect savings behavior, as inflation or credible promises of future inflation (generating negative real interest rates) would encourage less savings. In other words, people would tend to spend more rather than save if they believe inflation is on the horizon. In more technical terms, Krugman argues that the private sector savings curve is elastic even during a balance sheet recession (responsive to changes in real interest rates) disagreeing with Koo's view that it is inelastic (non-responsive to changes in real interest rates).

See also
Kondratiev wave also refer to as long wave cycle

References

Recessions
Unemployment
United States housing bubble


title: McMakin's Tavern

text:
McMakin's Tavern, also known as the Morgan-Stewart House, is a historic stagecoach stop and plantation home located near Lyman, Spartanburg County, South Carolina. It was built about 1790, and is a two-story, clapboard single house with gable end chimneys. It features a one-story, full width veranda supported by square columns. The interior features elaborately carved woodwork in the Adam style. The house operated as a stagecoach stop in the early-19th century.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974.

References

Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Houses completed in 1790
Houses in Spartanburg County, South Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in Spartanburg County, South Carolina


title: The World Is My Enemy Now

text:
The World Is My Enemy Now is the third studio album by American metalcore band Upon a Burning Body. The album was released on August 12, 2014 through Sumerian Records. The album was produced by Will Putney, who produced their two albums, The World Is Ours and Red. White. Green.

Controversy
In July 2014 the band received negative attention for a publicity stunt to promote this album, where the band reported that frontman Danny Leal was missing. The band later posted the album cover for the album which was still unreleased, which showed Leal tied up in the background, thus revealing the whole angle to be a joke. Since then, the band refused to apologize.

Track listing

Personnel
Upon a Burning Body
 Danny Leal - vocals
 Sal Dominguez - lead guitar
 Ruben Alvarez - rhythm guitar
 Rey Martinez - bass
 Ramon "The Lord Cocos" Villarreal - drums

Additional musicians
 Matt Heafy (Trivium) – guest vocals on "Blood, Sweat and Tears"
 Tyler Smith (The Word Alive) – guest vocals on "I've Earned My Time"

Production
 Will Putney – production, engineering, mixing, mastering
 Randy Leboeuf, Tom Smith Jr., Alberto De Icaza – additional editing and engineering
 Ash Avildsen – vocal production and additional lyrics on "Scars", "Fountain of Wishes", "Bring the Rain" and "Judgement", additional vocal production
 Shawn Keith – additional vocal production, A&R
 Lorenzo Antonucci – additional vocal engineering at Sumerian Studios, Los Angeles, CA
 Danny Leal - lyrics
 Ruben Alvarez - lyrics

Management
 Outerloop Management – management
 JJ Cassiere (Circle Talent North America) and Jim Moorewood (Eccentric Gent Organization Ltd.) – booking agents

Artwork
 Daniel McBride (McBride Design) – album layout and design, art direction/concept
 Nick Walters – additional vocal production, A&R, art direction/concept
 Josh Huskin – photography

References

2014 albums
Upon a Burning Body albums
Sumerian Records albums
Albums produced by Will Putney


title: Cecilia Trifogli

text:
Cecilia Trifogli, FBA (born 7 February 1961) is an Italian philosopher and academic. She has been Professor of Medieval Philosophy at the University of Oxford since 2008, and a Fellow of All Souls College since 1999. Her research focuses on philosophy in the Middle Ages, including epistemology, metaphysics, and the reception of Aristotle's philosophy.

Early life
Trifogli was born on 7 February 1961 in Rome, Italy. She was educated at the University of Pisa, graduating with a Laurea in Philosophy in 1986 and a Laurea in Mathematics in 1995. She then undertook postgraduate studies at the University of Milan from 1996 to 2000.

Academic career
In October 1999, she joined the University of Oxford as a lecturer in philosophy. In 2008, she was appointed Professor of Medieval Philosophy.

She is (since 2008) chairman of the British Academy Medieval Texts Editorial Committee, and president of the ‘Aristoteles Latinus’ Commission of the International Society for the Study of Medieval Philosophy.

Honours
In 2014 she was elected a Fellow of the British Academy, the United Kingdom's national academy for the humanities and social sciences.

References

1961 births
Living people
Italian philosophers
Italian women academics
Fellows of All Souls College, Oxford
Academics of the University of Oxford
Fellows of the British Academy
University of Pisa alumni
University of Milan alumni
Writers from Rome
Scholars of medieval philosophy


title: Dimitar Dimitrov (footballer, born 1990)

text:
Dimitar Botyov Dimitrov (; born 6 January 1990) is a Bulgarian footballer, who currently plays as a forward for Germanea.

References

External links

1990 births
Living people
Bulgarian men's footballers
First Professional Football League (Bulgaria) players
FC Pirin Razlog players
FC Marek Dupnitsa players
FC Oborishte Panagyurishte players
Men's association football forwards
Sportspeople from Dupnitsa


The Musée d'art contemporain de Baie-Saint-Paul, formerly the Centre d'art de Baie-Saint-Paul, is housed in the Centre d’exposition de Baie-St-Paul. It is a contemporary art museum in Baie-Saint-Paul, Quebec, Canada.

Origins

The museum is located in downtown Baie-Saint-Paul in the heart of the cultural district.

The site used to be occupied by Le Laurentien, a cinema that was also used for artistic activities. After World War II (1939–45) the cinema often put on regional shows and travelling theatrical troupes.
In the mid-1980s the Art Centre Corporation (Corporation du Centre d’art) launched an appeal for a public subscription to build a new exhibition centre for artistic and cultural activities in the Charlevoix region. $100,000 was raised.

The cinema was too dilapidated to be preserved, but on January 24, 1992, a new building was opened on the site.

The Centre d’exposition de Baie-St-Paul was designed by noted architect Pierre Thibault.
It has large rooms and huge glass panels on the wall facing the church.
The museum is partially accessible to the physically disabled. It has meeting facilities and a boutique.

The three-story building won first prize for an institutional building in 1992 from the Ordre des architectes du Québec.

History
Françoise Labbé become general director of the Centre d'exposition and general and artistic director of the Centre d'art de Baie-Saint-Paul in which it was housed, in 1993.
Labbé was made a Knight of the Ordre National du Québec in 1997. She continued as director of the centre until her death in 2001.

A number of large exhibitions were held during her term as director. Thousands came out for Jean-Paul Riopelle's visit in 1998, which included his celebrated Ice Canoe hung from the ceiling. Painter Marc Séguin exhibited there in 2001, returning later as well in 2013.

The centre was given museum status in 2008. The announcement was made by then-minister of Culture, Communications and the Status of Women Christine St-Pierre on July 16, 2008.

Purpose
The goal of the museum is to make known, promote and preserve contemporary art from 1947 to the present.
It emphasizes contemporary artists and is open to new movements and forms of expression.

It is the only museum in eastern Quebec entirely devoted to contemporary art. It is open year-round. Tours are given in French and English.

The museum runs the annual International Symposium of Contemporary Art of Baie-Saint-Paul, which brings together artists from different backgrounds, and encourages interactions with members of the public.

Collection
The Museum's International Symposium of Contemporary Art brings together artists from around the world to create. Its legacy is a collection of works by over 500 artists.

Kathleen Daly (1898–1994) left over 500 paintings, her own and those of her husband George Pepper (1903–1962), to the Centre d’art Baie-Saint-Paul in 1994.

The Art Centre Corporation acquired a valuable collection with works by other major figures in the history of painting in Quebec such as René Richard, the Bolduc sisters and others.

See also
 List of art museums
 List of museums in Quebec

References
Citations

Sources

External links

Art museums and galleries in Quebec
Art museums established in 1992
1992 establishments in Quebec
Baie-Saint-Paul
Museums in Capitale-Nationale


title: Hayford Akrofi

text:
Hayford Akrofi (January 1952 – 23 June 2014) was a Ghanaian political activist and architect.

Akrofi came from Akwapim Hills. He was educated at Ghana Senior High School. He was a member of the executive committee of the Convention People’s Party.

Death
Akrofi was murdered by a burglar on 23 June 2014.

References

2014 deaths
Ghanaian activists
Ghanaian architects
1952 births
Ghana Senior High School (Koforidua) alumni


title: 2014 FINA Diving World Cup

text:
The 2014 FINA Diving World Cup was held in Shanghai, China, from Tuesday July 15, 2014 to Sunday July 20, 2014. It was the 19th edition of the Diving World Cup, and the sixth time that it had been held in China. The venue was the Outdoor Diving Pool of the Oriental Sports Center.

The Chinese team placed first in all the events, and won the metal count.

Participating countries
The number beside each nation represents the number of athletes who competed for each country at the 2014 FINA Diving World Cup.

Schedule
As reported by FINA.

Medal summary
As reported by FINA.

Men's events

Women's events

Team events

Medal table

References

External links
 FINA Diving World Cup 2014

International aquatics competitions hosted by China
Fina Diving World Cup
FINA Diving World Cup
Fina Diving World Cup
Diving competitions in China


title: Pacolet Soapstone Quarries

text:
Pacolet Soapstone Quarries encompasses 13 historic archaeological sites located near Pacolet, Spartanburg County, South Carolina. It was the site of soapstone procurement activities during the Late Archaic Period (3000 B.C. – 500 B.C.) for the purpose of creating vessels. The quarry sites are characterized by large outcropping boulders of soapstone surrounded by depressions and concentrations of soapstone debris.

The sites were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.

See also
Archeological Site 38CK1
Archeological Site 38CK44
Archeological Site 38CK45

References

Archaeological sites on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in Spartanburg County, South Carolina


title: The Fighting Hope

text:
The Fighting Hope is a 1915 silent film drama directed by George Melford and starring Thomas Meighan and Laura Hope Crews, both in their film debuts. Jesse Lasky produced and Paramount Pictures released. Based on a 1908 play by William J. Hurlbut that was produced by David Belasco.

Incomplete surviving film at BFI Institute (London).

Cast
George Gebhardt - Robert Granger
Laura Hope Crews - Anna Granger
Gerald Ward - Robert Harold Granger
Thomas Meighan - Burton Temple
Richard Morris - Craven
Florence Smythe - Miss Gorham
Theodore Roberts - Cornelius Brady
Cleo Ridgely - Rose Fanchom
Tom Forman - Detective Clark
William Elmer - Detective Fletcher

Plot
A man has been convicted of fraud, but his wife believes he is innocent and sets out to prove it.

References

External links
The Fighting Hope @ IMDb.com

The Fighting Hope as produced on Broadway, Stuyvesant Theater, September 22 1908; IBDb.com

1915 films
American silent feature films
Films directed by George Melford
Paramount Pictures films
American films based on plays
1915 drama films
American black-and-white films
Silent American drama films
1910s American films


title: Nandi Awards of 1985

text:
Nandi Awards Winners List in the year of 1985

Winners list

References

1985
1985 Indian film awards


title: Nandi Awards of 1964

text:
Nandi Awards presented annually by Government of Andhra Pradesh. First awarded in 1964.

1964 Nandi Awards Winners List

References

1964
1964 Indian film awards


title: Pont du Diable

text:
Pont du Diable may refer to:
 Pont du Diable, Hérault, a bridge over a steep-sided gorge in the Hérault département of France constructed in the 11th century
 Pont du Diable (Villemagne-l'Argentière), a bridge over the river Mare in the Hérault département of France constructed in the 18th century
 Pont du Diable (Céret), a medieval stone arch bridge at Céret, France

See also
 Devil's Bridge
 :fr:Pont du Diable, a more extensive list in French Wikipedia


title: Marysville School

text:
Marysville School is a historic school building located near Pacolet, Spartanburg County, South Carolina. It built in 1915 by the Pacolet Manufacturing Company to serve the African-American community of Marystown. It is a 1 1/2-story, three room school building in an "L" shape. The school closed in 1954.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2007.

References

African-American history of South Carolina
School buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
School buildings completed in 1915
Buildings and structures in Spartanburg County, South Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in Spartanburg County, South Carolina
1915 establishments in South Carolina


title: Dušan Đuričić

text:
Dušan Đuričić (Serbian Cyrillic: Душан Ђуричић; born 11 March 1990) is a Serbian football midfielder.

Club career
He made his debut for ViOn Zlaté Moravce against Spartak Trnava on 13 July 2014.

References

External links

 Futbalnet profile
 Fortuna Liga profile
 Eurofotbal profile

1990 births
Living people
Serbian men's footballers
Men's association football midfielders
FK Bežanija players
FK Voždovac players
FC ViOn Zlaté Moravce players
Slovak First Football League players
Expatriate men's footballers in Slovakia
Serbian expatriate sportspeople in Slovakia
Footballers from Belgrade


title: Vivianne Miedema

text:
Anna Margaretha Marina Astrid "Vivianne" Miedema (; born 15 July 1996) is a Dutch professional footballer who plays as a forward for FA Women's Super League (FA WSL) club Arsenal and the Netherlands national team. She previously played for Bayern Munich and SC Heerenveen.

Regularly cited as one of the greatest strikers in modern women's football, Miedema is the all-time leading scorer in the FA WSL and has scored more goals at the international level for the Netherlands than any other player, across both the women's and men's teams. She won the UEFA Women's Euro in 2017 with the Dutch national team, two consecutive Frauen-Bundesliga titles with Bayern Munich in 2015 and 2016, and the 2018–19 FA WSL title with Arsenal. In 2019, she led the Netherlands to a second-place finish at the 2019 FIFA Women's World Cup in France.

Miedema won the BBC Women's Footballer of the Year award in November 2021. In 2020, she was named Women's Player of the Year at the London Football Awards and by England's Football Writers' Association. She was named PFA Women's Players' Player of the Year in 2019. She was shortlisted for the Ballon d'Or Féminin in 2019, 2021, and 2022. She was named to the Top 10 of The Guardian The 100 Best Female Footballers In The World in 2017, 2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022.

Early life
Born and raised in Hoogeveen, Miedema grew up watching her father play football and at five years old began playing herself for HZVV in her hometown. Her first memory of playing football involves her two front teeth being kicked out by a young goalkeeper at age six. She was a frequent goalscorer from a very young age and played on boys' teams. When opponents laughed when they saw a girl on the pitch, it triggered her to score many goals, which she often did. After several years of playing for HZVV, she joined VV De Weide in 2009 and stayed with them until 2011.

With her father and younger brother Lars, Miedema would often travel  to Rotterdam in order to watch Feyenoord play. At age 14, Miedema was forced to make the decision to switch to playing for the top women's league or to continue playing with boys' clubs.

Club career

2011–2014: SC Heerenveen
After receiving an offer from SC Heerenveen, Miedema signed her first professional contract as a 14-year-old and found herself playing in the Eredivisie, the top Dutch women's league, with players much older than herself. She made her senior debut at 15 during a match against FC Utrecht on 2 September 2011, becoming the youngest ever player in the league. In her debut season, the 2011–12 Eredivisie, she scored 10 goals in 17 games for Heerenveen, who finished last of seven teams. Despite being a teenager, she shared the accolades of being the second-highest scorer in the league.

In 2012–13, playing in the new cross-border BeNe League, she improved her tally to 27 goals in 26 games. Her 41 goals in 26 games for Heerenveen in the 2013–14 BeNe League season earned her the top-scorer award at the age of 17. Her goal tally was 15 more than the nearest player.

2014–2017: Bayern Munich

39 different clubs made inquiries about signing Miedema, before she signed a three-year contract with Bayern Munich in the top German league, the Frauen-Bundesliga in June 2014. During the 2014–15 season, she was part of a Bayern team that remained unbeaten in the Bundesliga and won the title for the first time since 1976. Miedema scored her first league goals in Germany on 5 October 2014 in a match against MSV Duisburg, leading to Bayern's 6–0 win. In the match against SGS Essen on 30 November, Miedema tore the outer band of her ankle resulting in some time away from the pitch. She re-emerged in the German league on 22 February 2015 against VfL Wolfsburg, scoring again in the following match, against Bayer Leverkusen. Miedema finished the season with 7 goals in 17 matches. She helped Bayern Munich defend the title the following season with 14 goals in 22 matches.

Miedema had been unhappy during her first three months in Germany because she could not speak German or English. Although she overcame these difficulties, she later grew dissatisfied with Bayern's long ball tactics. In the 2016–17 Frauen-Bundesliga season, Miedema scored 14 goals in 22 appearances but Bayern were deposed as champions by VfL Wolfsburg. She added eight goals in the 2016–17 UEFA Women's Champions League as Bayern reached the quarter-final, in which they were beaten 4–1 on aggregate by Paris Saint-Germain. Miedema was the top scorer of the Champions League season.

Miedema entered into contract negotiations with other leading clubs in Europe and the United States in 2017. Although Bayern wanted to keep her, they were not prepared to break their pay structure. Despite leading some "tough negotiations" with Miedema, manager Karin Danner was resigned to her departure: "she really wanted to change and we didn't want to break our structure for her in the end." Bayern signed Miedema's compatriots Jill Roord and Lineth Beerensteyn as her replacements.

2017–present: Arsenal
In May 2017, Miedema moved to English club Arsenal. On 29 October, she scored her first goal in the FA Women's Super League (FA WSL) for Arsenal in the match with Everton in the 23rd minute. During a match against Liverpool, she scored the game-opening goal in the 29th minute and provided the assist to Dominique Janssen's goal in the 49th minute lifting Arsenal to a 3–0 win. Miedema finished the 2017–18 season with 4 goals in the 11 matches she played, including 9 starts. Arsenal finished in third place during the regular season with a  record. The club also won the 2017–18 FA WSL Cup, with Miedema scoring the game-winning goal of the final, a 1–0 victory over Manchester City.

In the first match of the 2018–19 season, Miedema scored a hat-trick as Arsenal defeated Liverpool 5–0. She brought her goals tally into double-digits with a brace against Bristol City in a 4–0 Arsenal victory. Miedema finished the season as the WSL top scorer with 22 goals and was named PFA Women's Players' Player of the Year. Arsenal finished first in the regular season with a  record, marking the first time the club had clinched the title since 2012.

On 16 October 2019, Miedema scored four goals in Arsenal's 5–2 victory against Slavia Praha in the 2019–20 UEFA Women's Champions League. Five days later, she was shortlisted for the Ballon d'Or Féminin for 2019, in which she placed fifth.

During the 2019–20 season, she scored 16 goals in 14 games. Miedema was influential in the largest victory in the history of the WSL on 1 December 2019 – of the 11 goals scored by Arsenal against Bristol City, she scored six and set up four others. The 11th was the only one she was not directly involved in; she was not on the pitch when it was scored. The FA suspended the season because of the COVID-19 pandemic, deciding the competition based on points per game. Arsenal finished in third place with a  record and played in the 2019–20 FA WSL Cup, where they eventually lost 2–1 to Chelsea during the 2020 FA Women's League Cup Final.

On 18 October 2020, Miedema became the first player to score 50 WSL goals, overtaking the all-time league record of 49 (set by Nikita Parris) when she scored a hat-trick in a 6–1 win against Tottenham Hotspur. On 7 February 2021, Manchester City forward Ellen White became the all-time record goal scorer, having scored 55 times to Miedema's 54. On 7 March, Miedema overtook White again, having scored 56 times. Of Miedema's first 52 WSL goals she scored 34 times with her right foot, 14 with her left, and 4 headers. None of the goals came from a penalty. On average she scored once every 83 minutes, compared to Parris' 171 minutes.

On 9 September 2021, Miedema scored her 100th goal for Arsenal Women, completing a hattrick in a 4–0 win against Slavia Prague in the Women's Champions League qualifier. Miedema required only 110 games in all competitions to reach this milestone. In November 2021 she became the first player in the history of the WSL to score against every team they have faced, after scoring against Manchester United.

On 20 May 2022 Miedema announced she had extended her contract with Arsenal. She had had talks with Barcelona Femení and Paris Saint-Germain Féminine who had been interested in signing her. She said that winning titles with Arsenal would mean more to her than joining a team that was winning titles already. The lucrative new contract made her the highest-paid female player in England.

On 15 December 2022, Miedema left a UEFA Women's Champions League match against Lyon at halftime with an injury, which on 19 December was confirmed to be an anterior cruciate ligament tear. She was expected to undergo surgery and miss "an extended period of time". She made her first appearance since the injury on 22 October 2023, coming on as a second half substitute in a 2–1 win against Bristol City.

International career

Youth
In October 2012 Miedema broke the goalscoring record for the Netherlands women's national under-17 football team, when she scored six goals against Montenegro then eight goals against Kazakhstan in the 2013 UEFA Women's Under-17 Championship qualification mini tournament. The eight goals in the 15–0 win over Kazakhstan also set a competition record for goals in a single match, and four more goals in the next match against Ukraine made her the all-time UEFA Women's Under-17 Championship top scorer. She scored a total of 22 goals for the under-17s, in her 11 appearances between October 2011 and October 2012.

On 6 March 2013, Miedema debuted for the Netherlands women's national under-19 football team, starting a 3–1 defeat by Iceland. At the 2014 UEFA Women's Under-19 Championship, she was vital for the Dutch success, her six goals in the tournament guided the Netherlands to their first-ever title in women's football. She scored a hat-trick in the 4–0 semi final win over the Republic of Ireland, and the only goal in the final win over Spain. She was the tournament top scorer by a margin of four goals and also collected the Golden Player awarded by UEFA to the best player of the tournament. Already a senior national team player, she concluded her under-19 national team career with seven goals from 10 appearances.

Senior

On 26 September 2013, Miedema made her debut for the Netherlands women's national football team. She was an 84th-minute substitute for Lieke Martens in a 4–0 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup qualification – UEFA Group 5 win over Albania in Tirana. One month later she scored her first goals at the senior international level, a 16-minute hat-trick, in the Netherlands' 7–0 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup qualification – UEFA Group 5 win over Portugal.

In October 2014, Miedema played a key role in the Netherlands' World Cup qualification play-off victory over Scotland. In the first leg at Tynecastle Stadium, her long-range shot was deflected by Scotland goalkeeper Gemma Fay, before Martens converted the rebound. The Dutch were awarded a penalty kick after Miedema was fouled by Frankie Brown inside the box. Manon Melis scored on the penalty kick lifting the Dutch to a 2–1 win ahead of the second leg in Rotterdam.

In the final qualification play-off versus Italy, Miedema scored all of the Dutch goals as the Netherlands won 3–2 on aggregate and advanced to the 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup. She finished as the overall top-scorer in the qualification campaign with 16 goals. Coach Roger Reijners praised Miedema's "killer instinct". Despite being still in her teens, she was widely proclaimed "the most gifted striker in Europe" ahead of the Netherlands' first-ever FIFA Women's World Cup appearance. At the age of 18, her 16 goals during the qualifying tournament matched the previous European record set by Adriana Martín and established Miedema as the seventh-highest goalscorer in the history of UEFA women's national team competitions.

Miedema arrived at the finals in Canada with migraines and an injured foot. Despite the high expectations, a decidedly "off colour" Miedema was unable to replicate her pre-tournament form and failed to score as the Netherlands reached the round of 16 by finishing third in their group, and then lost 2–1 to Japan. She was frustrated by a lack of service which reduced her opportunities to score. Two years later Miedema admitted that the pressure on her at the 2015 World Cup felt "crazy", and she was pleased that other talented Dutch players had emerged afterward to take some of the attention away from her. In 2022 she revealed she nearly quit professional football following the 2015 World Cup finals.

At the 2017 UEFA Women's European Championship she continued to excel under pressure, scoring a goal in the hosts' 3–0 semi-final win over England. Miedema also netted two goals in the final against Denmark, which was enough to secure the first-ever Euro title for the Dutch. After the tournament the whole team was honoured by the Prime Minister Mark Rutte and Minister of Sport Edith Schippers and made Knights of the Order of Orange-Nassau.

On 15 June 2019, Miedema became the all-time top scorer of the Netherlands women's national football team after scoring her 60th goal in a 3–1 win against Cameroon at the 2019 FIFA Women's World Cup in France. She passed the record held by Melis and extended her lead of the men's team's leading scorer, Robin van Persie. During the Netherlands' 2–0 quarter-final victory over Italy, she scored both goals, was named Player of the Match, and led the Dutch team to its first–ever World Cup semi-final. Miedema's performance throughout the tournament was instrumental in leading the Netherlands to the final, where they fell 2–0 to defending champions United States.

At the 2020 Summer Olympics held in Tokyo in 2021, Miedema broke the Olympic record by scoring ten goals in four matches. In the group matches she scored four against Zambia and two each against Brazil and China. In the quarter-final against the United States, her 100th match for the Netherlands, Miedema scored both Dutch goals in the 2–2 draw. In the penalty shoot-out, US goalkeeper Alyssa Naeher saved Miedema's penalty, and the Dutch were eliminated.

In the first match at the 2022 UEFA Women's European Championship in England, against Sweden, Miedema took over the captaincy when Sari van Veenendaal had to leave the pitch injured. Miedema missed the next two group stage matches due to a COVID-19 infection. She wore the captain's armband again in the quarter-final match against France, which the Netherlands lost 1–0.

Miedema was unable to participate at the 2023 FIFA Women's World Cup after sustaining an anterior cruciate ligament tear in December 2022.

Style of play
Miedema grew up as a Feyenoord supporter and modelled her game on Robin van Persie. As she is Dutch and wore number 10 for Bayern Munich, she has been compared to Arjen Robben. Journalist David Winner, author of a book about Dutch football, sees her style of play as a mix of Marco van Basten and Dennis Bergkamp. Described as intense and a prolific goalscorer, Miedema does not set goalscoring targets for herself. Former Arsenal striker Kelly Smith said of Miedema, "She scores goals with her left and right foot, her head, she sets goals up. For me, she is just the complete striker, and she's the best in the world at the moment. She's always a threat no matter what minute of the game it is. I think her movement is very clever, and her finishing ability is phenomenal. When she's in front of goal it's just this calm, composed approach that she has." Former Swedish international, Nilla Fischer described Miedema as an intelligent and clever player: "She really tries to go on your blind spot and then make a move when you're not ready."

In 2019, Miedema said she plays more like an attacking midfielder: "I know I have my goalscoring qualities, but I like setting people up. I like to drop and pick up the ball and see if I can send someone through on goal." In early 2022 she started playing in midfield rather than in attack. Former Arsenal and England player Ian Wright called her the best striker and the best playmaker in the world at the same time. She is known for not celebrating goals and attributes her modest approach to the down-to-earth nature of her hometown: "I don't like to be the person everyone watches. It's my job. I'm happy if someone else scores. I celebrate more."

Personal life
Miedema is in a relationship with England footballer and Arsenal teammate Beth Mead. Miedema was previously in a relationship with Scottish footballer and ex-Arsenal teammate, Lisa Evans, for six years.

Her younger brother, Lars, is also a footballer, who as of 2020 was playing for FC Den Bosch. Known for her lack of interest in overtly celebrating her goals, she made a rare exception upon becoming the Netherlands' top scorer in 2019 after her brother insisted she mark the achievement.

Miedema is a co-author of Vivianne voetbalt, a series of children's comic books featuring her, written in her native Dutch language.

Miedema is studying for a UEFA-B coaching licence. In 2021 she earned a master's degree in Football Business from the Johan Cruyff Institute.

In 2019 Miedema became an ambassador of War Child, a charity supporting children in war zones. In November 2021, Miedema joined the charity movement Common Goal, committing 1% of her salary to community organisations working with young people. Miedema said "I'm lucky to be living my dream and I feel the responsibility to help others live theirs too. I'm excited to join Common Goal and to be able to really scale the impact I can have off the field." In March 2022 she led Common Goal's emergency response to the help victims of Russia's invasion of Ukraine, together with Juventus player Paulo Dybala.

In September 2022, Miedema opened a Cruyff Court bearing her name in Hoogeveen, on the location where she used to play as a child.

Career statistics

Club

International

Honours
Bayern Munich
 Bundesliga: 2014–15, 2015–16

Arsenal
 FA WSL: 2018–19; runners-up: 2021–22
 FA Women's Cup runners-up: 2017–18, 2020–21
 FA WSL Cup: 2017–18; runners-up: 2018–19, 2019–20

Netherlands U19
 UEFA Women's Under-19 Championship: 2014

Netherlands
 UEFA Women's Championship: 2017
 FIFA Women's World Cup runners-up: 2019
 Tournoi de France: runner-up 2020

Individual
 UEFA Women's Under-19 Championship Golden Player: 2014
 UEFA Women's Under-19 Championship top goalscorer: 2014
 BeNe League top goalscorer: 2013–14
 UEFA Women's Champions League top goalscorer: 2016–17, 2019–20
 UEFA Women's Championship Silver Boot: 2017
 BBC Women's Footballer of the Year: 2021
 FIFA Women's World Cup All-Star Squad: 2019
 FIFA FIFPro Women's World11: 2020, 2021
 IFFHS Women's World Team: 2020
 PFA Women's Players' Player of the Year: 2018–19
 FA Women's Super League Golden Boot: 2018–19, 2019–20
 FWA Women's Footballer of Year: 2019–20
 London Football Awards Women's Player of the Year: 2018–19, 2019–20
 Football Supporters' Association Player of the Year: 2019, 2020, 2021
 WSL PFA Fans' Player of the Year: 2019–20
 Her Football Hub Player of the Year: 2020
 PFA Team of the Year: 2018–19, 2019–20, 2021–22
 FA Women's Super League Player of the Month: October 2018, December 2019, October 2020
 FA Women's Super League Goal of the Month: December 2022
 Arsenal Player of the Season: 2019–20

Orders
 Knight of the Order of Orange-Nassau: 2017

Records

Eredivisie
Youngest player: age 15.

WSL
Most goals scored in league's history: 78.
Most goal involvements: 112.

Most first-half hat-tricks: 2.
Most goals in a single season: 22.
Most goals in a single game: 6.
Most goal involvements in a single game: 10 (6 goals, 4 assists).
First player involved in 100 goals.
First player to score against all clubs.

Netherlands
Most goals for the Under-17 team: 14.
Most goals in senior team: 95.

Continental
Most goals in one match for UEFA Under-17 matches: 8.
Most goals in UEFA Under-17 matches: 22.
Most goals in European qualifying matches for a World Cup: 16 (equal with Adriana Martín).

Olympics
Most goals in a single Olympic tournament: 10.

See also

 The 100 Best Female Footballers In The World
 List of foreign FA Women's Super League players
 List of FA WSL hat-tricks

Notes

References

Further reading
 Grainey, Timothy (2012), Beyond Bend It Like Beckham: The Global Phenomenon of Women's Soccer, University of Nebraska Press,
 Postma, Annemarie (2017), De Oranje leeuwinnen: het Nederlands vrouweneftal, Ambo/Anthos B.V.,
 Raphael, Amy and Gary Lineker (2019), A Game of Two-Halves: Famous Football Fans Meet Their Heroes, Atlantic Books,
 Reijnders, Joke and Anna Margaretha Marina Astrid Miedema (2018), Meidenvoetbal: met tips en trucs van de spits van de Oranjeleeuwinnen, Karakter Uitgevers BV,
 Vissers, Willem (2019), Meisjesdromen: van EK-debuut tot WK-finale in tien jaar, Overamstel Uitgevers,

External links

Profile at Onsoranje.nl (in Dutch)
Profile  at vrouwenvoetbalnederland.nl (in Dutch)
Profile at uefa.com
Profile at arsenal.com
Player German domestic football stats  at DFB

1996 births
2015 FIFA Women's World Cup players
2019 FIFA Women's World Cup players
Living people
People from Hoogeveen
Dutch women's footballers
Netherlands women's youth international footballers
Netherlands women's international footballers
Dutch expatriate sportspeople in Germany
FC Bayern Munich (women) players
Women's association football forwards
Expatriate women's footballers in Germany
Eredivisie (women) players
SC Heerenveen (women) players
Arsenal W.F.C. players
Women's Super League players
Dutch expatriate sportspeople in England
Expatriate women's footballers in England
UEFA Women's Championship-winning players
Knights of the Order of Orange-Nassau
Frauen-Bundesliga players
Dutch LGBT footballers
Dutch lesbians
Lesbian sportswomen
Dutch expatriate women's footballers
Footballers at the 2020 Summer Olympics
Olympic footballers for the Netherlands
FIFA Women's Century Club
UEFA Women's Euro 2022 players
Footballers from Drenthe
UEFA Women's Euro 2017 players
Wives and girlfriends of association football players
Association football people awarded knighthoods


title: 1976–77 FIBA European Cup Winners' Cup

text:
The 1976–77 FIBA European Cup Winners' Cup was the eleventh edition of FIBA's 2nd-tier level European-wide professional club basketball competition, contested between national domestic cup champions, running from 20 October 1976, to 29 March 1977. It was contested by 25 teams, five more than in the previous edition.

The Italian League became the first league to win the competition twice in a row, for a second time, when Birra Forst Cantù defeated Radnički Belgrade, in the final, held in Palma de Mallorca. Cantù had previously defeated defending champions Cinzano Milano, in the semifinals, in the competition's third tie between two clubs from the same country. Cantù was the fourth Italian club to win the FIBA Cup Winners' Cup, after Ignis Varese, Fides Napoli, and Olimpia Milano.

Participants

First round

|}

*Partizani Tirana withdrew before the first leg, and Radnički Belgrade received a forfeit (2-0) in both games.

Second round

|}

Automatically qualified to the Quarter finals group stage
 Cinzano Milano (title holder)
 Spartak Leningrad

Quarterfinals

Semifinals

|}

Final
March 29, Palau Municipal d'Esports Son Moix, Palma de Mallorca

|}

References

External links
FIBA European Cup Winner's Cup 1976–77 linguasport.com
FIBA European Cup Winner's Cup 1976–77

Cup
FIBA Saporta Cup


title: Pacolet Mill Office

text:
Pacolet Mill Office, also known as Pacolet Municipal Building and Town Hall, is a historic office building located at Pacolet, Spartanburg County, South Carolina. It built in 1908 by the Pacolet Manufacturing Company. It is a one-story, brick building with full-height basement level. It has a low-pitched hip roof with flared eaves and decorative exposed rafter tails.  The roof is clad with clay Spanish tile. The site features a curving cast stone or concrete pergola added some time between 1920 and 1927.  In 2004, the building became the town hall for the Town of Pacolet.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.

References

External links
Pacolet Mills community website

Office buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Buildings and structures completed in 1908
Buildings and structures in Spartanburg County, South Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in Spartanburg County, South Carolina
1908 establishments in South Carolina


title: Nintendo Research & Development

text:
Nintendo Research & Development was a division within Nintendo created in the 1970s. It was later dissolved on September 30, 2003.

The division was divided into four departments:
 Nintendo Research & Development 1 - developed arcade games, the Game & Watch series, the Game Boy line, and various video games
 Nintendo Research & Development 2 - developed video game consoles such as the Nintendo Entertainment System and Super Nintendo Entertainment System, as well as video games and hardware peripherals
 Nintendo Research & Development 3 - developed arcade games and the Nintendo 64
 Nintendo Research & Development 4 - developed video games for home consoles


title: Brian Pinder Kellett

text:
Brian Pinder Kellett (15 May 1914 – September 1944) was a British rock climber.

Life
Brian Kellett was born in 1914 in Weymouth, Dorset in South-West England. He was the son of Lt. Richard Pinder Kellett, whom he never knew; Kellett senior was killed commanding HMS Flirt in the battle of Dover (1916). The younger Kellett died with Nancy Forsyth in Castle Corrie on Ben Nevis during the first weekend in September 1944; the exact date is not known. He is buried in Glen Nevis.

Education and career
Kellett was educated at public schools in south-west England where he gained a reputation as a "perfect all-round sportsman", playing on the cricket and rugby teams and also representing them at boxing (oddly, given his subsequent pacifism). He was a strong chess player and his analytic mind led him initially to qualify in accountancy, but he left the profession in favour of physically demanding forestry work in Ennerdale in Cumbria where he began to climb more seriously than on his early forays on the Tors of Dartmoor. With the coming of the second World War Kellett refused to serve on grounds of conscience and was interned for two years. He eventually proposed serving with the forestry on Skye where he could climb on the magnificent Cuillin ridge, but was posted at Torlundy instead. Kellett was by all accounts industrious, "born to work the land", in the words of a co-worker,

Climbing
The north-east face of Ben Nevis is a two-kilometre-long meandering cliff whose most prominent features are Tower Ridge and Carn Dearg Buttress. The corrie between these (Coire na Ciste) is divided at the back by three major gullies, numbered Two, Three and Four. When Kellett arrived at the face in 1942, Number Two Gully had yet to receive a summer ascent, having defeated both Harold Raeburn ("doyen of Scottish mountaineers") and G. Graham Macphee, editor of the 1936 climber's guide. Kellett led the first ascent on 30 August with J. A. Dunster, who at one point was forced to shelter off-rope from screes loosed by Kellett above him; sixty years later, the 2002 climber's guide still warns that "in summer the gully has a fierce reputation and is best avoided" (its grade is VS). Nevertheless, Kellett's achievement in 1942 was soon to be surpassed by his relentless attention to the face over the following two years.

First ascents
Kellett left an "unprecedented" legacy of new routes and variations on Ben Nevis in the summers of 1943 and 1944 (page references are to the SMC's 2002 Climbers' Guide, edited by Simon Richardson):

Accidents
Kellett suffered 3 significant falls before his fatal accident with Nancy Forsyth. Perhaps most remarkably in January 1943 he survived falling the length of Glover's Chimney from Tower Gap, a fall of about 300m, losing his ice axe but suffering no serious injury. After one of these falls J.H.B. Bell, a leading climber of his day, became concerned about Kellett's safety as a climber and voiced these concerns to Nancy Forsyth.

Commemoration
His sister Lorna commissioned a memorial to Kellett and his father in Glen Nevis.

References

1914 births
1944 deaths
People from Weymouth, Dorset
British rock climbers
Sport deaths in Scotland
Mountaineering deaths
English conscientious objectors


title: Hattingley

text:
Hattingley is a small hamlet in the East Hampshire district of Hampshire, England.

Geography
It is  southwest of Alton, just off the A31 road.

History
It was once in the large civil parish of neighbouring Bentworth, however it is now situated in Medstead.

The nearest railway station is the restored Medstead & Four Marks station on the Watercress Line, trains from which connect with the nearest national rail station  to the northeast, at Alton.

Villages in Hampshire


title: Étienne-Prosper Berne-Bellecour

text:
Étienne-Prosper Berne-Bellecour (29 June 1838 – 29 November 1910) was a French painter, printmaker, and illustrator. He was known for his war art.

Biography
Berne-Bellecour was born on 29 June 1838 in Boulogne, France. He studied under François-Édouard Picot and Félix-Joseph Barrias. He initially painted landscapes and portraits. He worked in photography to support himself while he studied. He also attended the École des Beaux-Arts and competed for the Prix de Rome in 1859.

Berne-Bellecour, along with his brother-in-law Jehan Georges Vibert, produced a comedic play titled "La Tribune Mécanique" which was performed at the Palais Royal in 1862. He showcased his works at several Salons in the 1860s and later.

He won a prize for photography at the Universal Exposition of 1867. In 1868, Vibert encouraged Berne-Bellecour to devote himself entirely to painting.

Berne-Bellecour, Vibert, Alexander Louis Leloir, and Édouard Detaille went on a trip to Africa in 1870, later returning to serve in the Franco-Prussian War.

Berne-Bellecour served in the francs-tireurs and won a medal for gallantry under fire. His later works focused on military subjects.

He also practiced as a sculptor and an etcher. He was named a Chevalier in the French Legion of Honor in 1878.

Berne-Bellecour died in Paris on 29 November 1910. His son Jean-Jacques Berne-Bellecour (1874–1939) was also a military painter.

Gallery

References

External links

Étienne-Prosper Berne-Bellecour at the Art Renewal Center
Etienne-Prosper Berne-Bellecour at J.M. Stringer Gallery

1838 births
1910 deaths
People from Boulogne-sur-Mer
École des Beaux-Arts alumni
Knights of the Legion of Honour
19th-century French painters
French male painters
19th-century French photographers
19th-century French sculptors
19th-century French male artists
French male sculptors
19th-century war artists
20th-century French painters
20th-century French sculptors
20th-century French male artists
French war artists
French printmakers
French illustrators
French landscape painters
French portrait painters
French etchers
French military personnel of the Franco-Prussian War


title: No Heaven for Gunga Din

text:
No Heaven for Gunga Din; consisting of The British and American Officer's Book, is a fable by Ali Mirdrekvandi (who "preferred to be called 'Gunga Din'"), edited by John Hemming, who also wrote the introduction. Published in 1965 by Victor Gollancz Ltd (London) and E. P. Dutton & Company (New York), and in six other languages.

In the foreword Professor R. C. Zaehner (of All Souls College, Oxford) says Ali Mirdrekvandi was an Iranian peasant who had taught himself to read and write Persian, and then English when British and American troops arrived during World War II. The book's author is the subject of a 2013 documentary by Gholamreza Nematpour.

Author

The British and American Officer's Book was written by Mirdrekvandi while working at an officers' mess in Tehran during World War II, then given to Hemming (then a British officer), who was mentoring him.  Hemming's last contact with Mirdrekvandi was in 1949. At the time of publication the author's history and current circumstances were unknown. Some sources have asserted that Mirdrekvandi was fictional, and the story actually written by Hemming or Zaehner.

On publication of the book in 1965 the Iranian press instituted a public search for Mirdrekvandi, characterized as a "missing millionaire". His brother, a former classmate, and others who recalled him were found, with the additional information that was he born some time in 1916–1918 in a village in Lorestan Province in western Iran. According to one source he was raised by his grandfather after his parents were "taken away by soldiers" and never heard of again. This would have been around the time the Pahlavi dynasty had crushed a rebellion by the nomadic Lurs of Lorestan. Young Ali's talents were noted, and he was sent to a school for sons of tribal leaders "not to learn banditry and robbery." He reportedly left school after a dispute with the son of the school director, and was working for a railway when British and Soviet forces entered Iran at the beginning of World War II.

It was later discovered that Derikvandi had been living in impoverished circumstances in the town of Borujerd, where he was notable for reading many English language books. He is reported to have written several other stories, which he burned after reading them to fellow homeless people, and to have died on November 26, 1964, just prior to the publication of his book. He had expected his British and American Officer's Book would soon be published but suffered from drug addiction and memory loss. One other unpublished manuscript by Derikvandi, entitled Irradiant, remains in Hemming's archives.

Story
The story is told in somewhat broken English with an often curious choice of words (such as "steepy" for a steep place). Mirdrekvandi's English has been described as "often very comic, ... almost always felicitous." The story lacks the sophisticated style of modern writing, being more like the narrative style of ancient ballads.

The story has been described as "a kind of Pilgrim's Progress" as the 82 officers trek across the Milky Way seeking Heaven "with General Burke their commander in their front and Gunga Din their servant in their behind." Along the way various stories are told, such as the traveler who, wanting to see how blind people walk, closed his eyes for a section, and so missed some money certain angels had left on the side of the road for him.

When they reach the gate of Heaven they find it is guarded by M.P.s (Military Police), who prevent them from entering without Freedom Passes. For these they must go to the Judgement-Field and be judged. Fearing they will be condemned to Hell they become outlaws in a forest on the border of Heaven, giving the Heaven M.P.s much trouble for eight years. Eventually Adam is asked to deal with his children, and he arranges for them to be judged.

At the Judgement Field the officers' sins are forgiven on the condition of spending 14 minutes in purgatory. Gunga Din, however, is condemned to Hell for forty earthly years. After suffering bad dreams the officers appeal on his behalf. The story ends with the Children of Man agitating for changes in how Heaven and Hell are run.

Notes

Sources

 Edited and introduction by John Hemming, foreword by Professor R. C. Zaehner.

 In Persian with English subtitles.

 With introduction by P. G. Kreyenbroek.

Book reviews

1965 books


title: Pacolet Mills Cloth Room and Warehouse

text:
Pacolet Mills Cloth Room and Warehouse is a historic textile mill located at Pacolet, Spartanburg County, South Carolina. It was built in 1906–1907, and consists the 1 1/2-story, brick cloth building with the attached warehouse portion covered with weatherboard and metal. the building features a low-profiled roof and large rounded arch windows. The front portion of the building was used for inspecting cloth prior to shipping, and the rear portion was used as a warehouse.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2006.

References

External links
Pacolet Mills community website

Industrial buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Industrial buildings completed in 1907
Buildings and structures in Spartanburg County, South Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in Spartanburg County, South Carolina
Warehouses on the National Register of Historic Places
Cotton mills in the United States


title: Tim Remole

text:
Tim Remole (born October 2, 1957) is an American Republican politician. He is a member of the Missouri House of Representatives from the 6th District, being first elected in 2012.

References

External links
Official website

1957 births
Living people
People from Danville, Illinois
Republican Party members of the Missouri House of Representatives
21st-century American politicians


title: Tongbai Pumped Storage Power Station

text:
The Tongbai Pumped Storage Power Station is a pumped-storage hydroelectric power station located  north of Tiantai city in Tiantai County of Zhejiang Province, China. Construction on the power station began in May 2000 and the first unit was commissioned in December 2005. The remaining three were operational by December 2006. The entire project cost US$904.10 million, of which US$320 million was provided by the World Bank. The power station operates by shifting water between an upper and lower reservoir to generate electricity. The lower reservoir was formed with the creation of the Tongbai Lower Dam on the Baizhang River. The Tongbai Upper Reservoir, which already existed before construction began, is in an adjacent valley above the east side of the lower reservoir on Tongbai Creek. During periods of low energy demand, such as at night, water is pumped from Tongbai Lower Reservoir up to the upper reservoir. When energy demand is high, the water is released back down to the lower reservoir but the pump turbines that pumped the water up now reverse mode and serve as generators to produce electricity. The process is repeated as necessary and the plant serves as a peaking power plant. The power station is operated by Shenergy Company.

The lower reservoir is created by a  tall and  long concrete-face rock-fill dam on the Baizhang River. It can hold up to  of water of which  can be used for power generation. The upper reservoir is created by a  tall and  long rock-fill dam on Tonbai Creek. It can hold up to  of water of which  can be used for power generation. Water from the upper reservoir is sent to the 1,200 MW underground power station near the lower reservoir through headrace/penstock pipes. The drop in elevation between the upper and lower reservoir affords a hydraulic head (water drop) of .

See also

List of pumped-storage power stations

References

Dams completed in 2005
Energy infrastructure completed in 2006
Dams in China
Pumped-storage hydroelectric power stations in China
Concrete-face rock-fill dams
2006 establishments in China
Rock-filled dams
Hydroelectric power stations in Zhejiang
Underground power stations


title: 2014 Honda Indy Toronto

text:
The 2014 Honda Indy Toronto was a Canadian open wheel motor race, held as the thirteenth and fourteenth rounds of the 2014 IndyCar Series season. It was the 28th annual edition of the Toronto Indy, and the 29th and 30th  IndyCar races to be held at the  street circuit at Exhibition Place in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The races were contested over 65 and 56 laps respectively.

Race background
Having successfully hosted a double-header race for the first time in 2013, IndyCar again scheduled two full points races for the Toronto weekend, with race one on Saturday and race two on Sunday.

After rain on Saturday washed out race one of the weekend double bill, IndyCar officials decided to reschedule the two races on Sunday, with race one in the morning and race two in the afternoon.  The postponement created the first same-day doubleheader since the 1981 Kraco Twin 125s which were swept by Rick Mears at the Atlanta Motor Speedway.

Race 1 report
Sébastien Bourdais scored pole position for the first race of the weekend. This was Bourdais' first pole since the 2007 Bavaria Champ Car Grand Prix, at Assen. Originally scheduled to be held on Saturday afternoon, the race was held on Sunday morning; Bourdais led 58 of the race's 65 laps to take his first victory since the 2007 Gran Premio Tecate.

Round 13 Classification

Notes
 Points include 1 point for leading at least 1 lap during a race, an additional 2 points for leading the most race laps, and 1 point for Pole Position.

Race 2 report
Mike Conway driving for Ed Carpenter Racing won race 2, for his second win of the season after winning Long Beach and it marked the fourth IndyCar victory of his career.  Rain fell once again during race 2, with Penske teammates Helio Castroneves and Will Power fighting for the lead early.  Conway took advantage of a drying track and pitted on Lap 43 for dry weather tires knowing the slicks would be quicker. Conway took the lead on Lap 51, while Castroneves dropped off the pace, and holding on for the victory.

As of 2023 it was the last-ever IndyCar Series race victory for British driver to date.

Round 14 Classification

Notes
 Points include 1 point for leading at least 1 lap during a race, an additional 2 points for leading the most race laps, and 1 point for Pole Position.

Standings after both races

Drivers' Championship

Note: Only the top five positions are included for the driver standings.

References

External links
 2014 Honda Indy Toronto Race 1 Highlights (IndyCar YouTube Channel)
 2014 Honda Indy Toronto Race 2 Highlights (IndyCar YouTube Channel)

Honda Indy Toronto
Honda Indy Toronto
Indy Toronto
Honda Indy Toronto
Honda Indy Toronto


title: Charlwood, Hampshire

text:
Charlwood is a small hamlet in the East Hampshire district of Hampshire, England. It is in the large civil parish of Ropley and partially in East Tisted.

History
Charlwood is first mentioned in 1218 as "Cherlewde". The name means the "Wood of the free peasant" from Old English "ceorl" and "wudu". It is recorded throughout the 13th century in conjunction with the Abbott of Titchfield who owned a wood in that Hamlet.

Little remnants of the medieval past of this hamlet are visible, no official archaeological survey has produced any finds from this period in the area. Nearby Lyeway has however produced a great number of medieval potsherds and related archaeology as it was a notable medieval farm in Ropley

Charlwood House is the oldest building in the hamlet, shown on a 1635 map of the surroundings of Rotherfield Park. On this same map a Brick Kiln and Clay Pit are shown nearby to this House, part of the larger brick making industry centred around Ropley and East Tisted.

In the 1800s the settlement of the hamlet reached its maximum with about 9 plots visible on the 1880s OS map. A methodist chapel was built to the south likely to serve this growing population in the early 1900s, however "its congregation gradually dwindled, and it became derelict and was demolished".

Throughout the 20th century the hamlet decreased more and more in size until reaching its present modern day state consisting of only two properties; Charlwood and Hunswood house.

See also
Charlwood (disambiguation)

References

Villages in Hampshire


title: Delaugère et Clayette

text:
Delaugère et Clayette was a car manufacturer based in Orléans, France.

History

Delaugère is a registered horse-drawn carriage and automobile manufacturer. It was founded in 1864 by Jean-Pierre Delaugère in Orléans, France, and his two sons Henri and Émile took over after he died in 1868. The brand released his first cart (three-wheeled vehicle powered by a 474 cm³) in 1898. In 1906, the brand merged with the Clayette brothers (from Meung-sur-Loire, France) to become "Delaugère and Clayette" and started manufacturing its first engines. The brand quickly became known for its cars as being one of the most luxurious and most expensive brands in Europe (which could easily reach 500 000 km). Its capital was then higher than Renault and Peugeot. The company and its 350 workers produced two cars per day at that time. The company was taken over by Panhard in 1934 after the death of Félix Delaugère, the son of Henry.

Logo

The brand's logo is Joan of Arc riding a horse.

Companies established in 1864
1934 disestablishments
Car manufacturers of France
French brands
Defunct motor vehicle manufacturers of France