title: List of heteropteran bugs recorded in Britain

text:
This is a list of the heteropteran bugs recorded from Britain:

Cimicomorpha

Cimicoidea

Anthocoridae

Anthocorinae

Acompocoris
 Acompocoris alpinus
 Acompocoris pygmaeus

Anthocoris
 Anthocoris amplicollis
 Anthocoris butleri
 Anthocoris confusus
 Anthocoris gallarum-ulmi
 Anthocoris limbatus
 Anthocoris minki
 Anthocoris nemoralis
 Anthocoris nemorum
 Anthocoris pilosus
 Anthocoris sarothamni
 Anthocoris simulans
 Anthocoris visci

Elatophilus
 Elatophilus nigricornis

Orius
 Orius laevigatus
 Orius laticollis
 Orius majusculus
 Orius niger
 Orius vicinus

Temnostethus
 Temnostethus gracilis
 Temnostethus pusillus
 Temnostethus tibialis

Tetraphleps
 Tetraphleps bicuspis

Lyctocoridae

Brachysteles

 Brachysteles parvicornis

Buchananiella

 Buchananiella continua

Cardiastethus

 Cardiastethus fasciiventris

Dufouriellus

 Dufouriellus ater

Lyctocoris

 Lyctocoris campestris

Xylocoridea

 Xylocoridea brevipennis

Xylocoris

 Xylocoris cursitans
 Xylocoris formicetorum
 Xylocoris galactinus

Cimicidae

Cimex

 Cimex columbarius
 Cimex dissimilis
 Cimex lectularius
 Cimex pipistrelli

Oeciacus

 Oeciacus hirundinis

Microphysidae

Loricula

 Loricula coleoptrata
 Loricula distinguenda
 Loricula elegantula
 Loricula exilis
 Loricula inconspicua
 Loricula pselaphiformis
 Loricula ruficeps

Nabidae

Himacerus

 Himacerus apterus
 Himacerus mirmicoides
 Himacerus boops
 Himacerus major

Nabis

 Nabis brevis
 Nabis ericetorum
 Nabis ferus
 Nabis flavomarginatus
 Nabis limbatus
 Nabis lineatus
 Nabis pseudoferus
 Nabis rugosus

Prostemma

 Prostemma guttula

Miroidea

Miridae

Bryocorinae

Bryocoris
 Bryocoris pteridis

Campyloneura
 Campyloneura virgula

Dicyphus
 Dicyphus annulatus
 Dicyphus constrictus
 Dicyphus epilobii
 Dicyphus errans
 Dicyphus escalerae
 Dicyphus globulifer
 Dicyphus pallicornis
 Dicyphus pallidus
 Dicyphus stachydis

Macrolophus
 Macrolophus pygmaeus
 Macrolophus rubi

Monalocoris
 Monalocoris filicis

Tupiocoris
 Tupiocoris rhododendri

Deraeocorinae

Alloeotomus
 Alloeotomus gothicus

Bothynotus
 Bothynotus pilosus

Deraeocoris
 Deraeocoris flavilinea
 Deraeocoris lutescens
 Deraeocoris olivaceus
 Deraeocoris ruber
 Deraeocoris scutellaris

Mirinae

Acetropis
 Acetropis gimmerthalii

Adelphocoris
 Adelphocoris lineolatus
 Adelphocoris seticornis
 Adelphocoris ticinensis

Agnocoris
 Agnocoris reclairei

Apolygus
 Apolygus limbatus
 Apolygus lucorum
 Apolygus spinolae

Calocoris
 Calocoris alpestris
 Calocoris norwegicus
 Calocoris roseomaculatus

Camptozygum
 Camptozygum aequale

Capsodes
 Capsodes flavomarginatus
 Capsodes gothicus
 Capsodes sulcatus

Capsus
 Capsus ater
 Capsus wagneri

Charagochilus
 Charagochilus gyllenhalii
 Charagochilus weberi

Closterotomus
 Closterotomus fulvomaculatus
 Closterotomus trivialis

Dichrooscytus
 Dichrooscytus gustavi
 Dichrooscytus rufipennis

Grypocoris
 Grypocoris stysi

Hadrodemus
 Hadrodemus m-flavum

Leptopterna
 Leptopterna dolabrata
 Leptopterna ferrugata

Liocoris
 Liocoris tripustulatus

Lygocoris
 Lygocoris pabulinus
 Lygocoris rugicollis

Lygus
 Lygus maritimus
 Lygus pratensis
 Lygus punctatus
 Lygus rugulipennis
 Lygus wagneri

Megacoelum
 Megacoelum infusum

Pseudomegacoelum
 Pseudomegacoelum beckeri (Fieber, 1870) - synonym Megacoelum beckeri

Megaloceroea
 Megaloceroea recticornis

Miridius
 Miridius quadrivirgatus

Miris
 Miris striatus

Myrmecoris
 Myrmecoris gracilis

Neolygus
 Neolygus contaminatus
 Neolygus populi
 Neolygus viridis

Notostira
 Notostira elongata
 Notostira erratica

Orthops
 Orthops basalis
 Orthops campestris
 Orthops kalmii

Pantilius
 Pantilius tunicatus

Phytocoris
 Phytocoris dimidiatus
 Phytocoris insignis
 Phytocoris longipennis
 Phytocoris pini
 Phytocoris populi
 Phytocoris reuteri
 Phytocoris tiliae
 Phytocoris ulmi
 Phytocoris varipes

Pinalitus
 Pinalitus atomarius
 Pinalitus cervinus
 Pinalitus rubricatus
 Pinalitus viscicola

Pithanus
 Pithanus maerkelii

Polymerus
 Polymerus nigrita
 Polymerus palustris
 Polymerus unifasciatus
 Polymerus vulneratus

Rhabdomiris
 Rhabdomiris striatellus

Stenodema
 Stenodema calcarata
 Stenodema holsata
 Stenodema laevigatum
 Stenodema trispinosa

Stenotus
 Stenotus binotatus

Teratocoris
 Teratocoris antennatus
 Teratocoris caricis
 Teratocoris saundersi
 Teratocoris viridis

Trigonotylus
 Trigonotylus caelestialium
 Trigonotylus psammaecolor
 Trigonotylus ruficornis

Tropidosteptes
 Tropidosteptes pacificus

Zygimus
 Zygimus nigriceps

Orthotylinae

Blepharidopterus
 Blepharidopterus angulatus
 Blepharidopterus diaphanus

Brachynotocoris
 Brachynotocoris puncticornis

Cyllecoris
 Cyllecoris histrionius

Cyrtorhinus
 Cyrtorhinus caricis

Dryophilocoris
 Dryophilocoris flavoquadrimaculatus

Fieberocapsus
 Fieberocapsus flaveolus

Globiceps
 Globiceps flavomaculatus
 Globiceps fulvicollis
 Globiceps juniperi

Halticus
 Halticus apterus
 Halticus luteicollis
 Halticus macrocephalus
 Halticus saltator

Heterocordylus
 Heterocordylus genistae
 Heterocordylus tibialis

Heterotoma
 Heterotoma planicornis

Malacocoris
 Malacocoris chlorizans

Mecomma
 Mecomma ambulans
 Mecomma dispar

Orthocephalus
 Orthocephalus coriaceus
 Orthocephalus saltator

Orthotylus
 Orthotylus adenocarpi
 Orthotylus bilineatus
 Orthotylus caprai
 Orthotylus concolor
 Orthotylus ericetorum
 Orthotylus flavinervis
 Orthotylus flavosparsus
 Orthotylus fuscescens
 Orthotylus marginalis
 Orthotylus moncreaffi
 Orthotylus nassatus
 Orthotylus ochrotrichus
 Orthotylus prasinus
 Orthotylus rubidus
 Orthotylus tenellus
 Orthotylus virens
 Orthotylus virescens
 Orthotylus viridinervis

Pachytomella
 Pachytomella parallela

Platycranus
 Platycranus bicolor

Pseudoloxops
 Pseudoloxops coccineus

Reuteria
 Reuteria marqueti

Strongylocoris
 Strongylocoris leucocephalus
 Strongylocoris luridus

Phylinae

Amblytylus
 Amblytylus brevicollis
 Amblytylus delicatus
 Amblytylus nasutus

Asciodema
 Asciodema obsoleta

Atractotomus
 Atractotomus magnicornis
 Atractotomus mali
 Atractotomus parvulus

Brachyarthrum
 Brachyarthrum limitatum

Campylomma
 Campylomma annulicorne
 Campylomma verbasci

Chlamydatus
 Chlamydatus evanescens
 Chlamydatus pulicarius
 Chlamydatus pullus
 Chlamydatus saltitans
 Chlamydatus wilkinsoni

Compsidolon
 Compsidolon salicellum

Conostethus
 Conostethus brevis
 Conostethus griseus
 Conostethus roseus
 Conostethus venustus

Europiella
 Europiella artemisiae
 Europiella decolor

Hallodapus
 Hallodapus montandoni
 Hallodapus rufescens

Harpocera
 Harpocera thoracica

Hoplomachus
 Hoplomachus thunbergii

Hypseloecus
 Hypseloecus visci

Lophus
 Lophus decolor

Macrotylus
 Macrotylus horvathi
 Macrotylus paykulli
 Macrotylus solitarius

Megalocoleus
 Megalocoleus molliculus
 Megalocoleus tanaceti

Monosynamma
 Monosynamma bohemanni
 Monosynamma maritimum
 Monosynamma sabulicola

Oncotylus
 Oncotylus viridiflavus

Orthonotus
 Orthonotus rufifrons

Parapsallus
 Parapsallus vitellinus

Phoenicocoris
 Phoenicocoris obscurellus

Phylus

 Phylus coryli
 Phylus melanocephalus

Pilophorus
 Pilophorus cinnamopterus
 Pilophorus clavatus
 Pilophorus confusus
 Pilophorus perplexus

Placochilus
 Placochilus seladonicus

Plagiognathus
 Plagiognathus arbustorum
 Plagiognathus chrysanthemi

Plesiodema
 Plesiodema pinetella

Psallodema
 Psallodema fieberi

Psallus
 Psallus albicinctus
 Psallus ambiguus
 Psallus assimilis
 Psallus betuleti
 Psallus confusus
 Psallus falleni
 Psallus flavellus
 Psallus haematodes
 Psallus lepidus
 Psallus luridus
 Psallus mollis
 Psallus montanus
 Psallus perrisi
 Psallus pseudoplatani
 Psallus quercus
 Psallus salicis
 Psallus variabilis
 Psallus varians
 Psallus wagneri

Salicarus
 Salicarus roseri

Sthenarus
 Sthenarus rotermundi

Systellonotus
 Systellonotus triguttatus

Tinicephalus
 Tinicephalus hortulanus

Tuponia
 Tuponia brevirostris
 Tuponia mixticolor

Tytthus
 Tytthus pubescens
 Tytthus pygmaeus

Tingidae

Acalypta

 Acalypta brunnea
 Acalypta carinata
 Acalypta nigrina
 Acalypta parvula
 Acalypta platycheila

Agramma

 Agramma laetum

Campylosteira

 Campylosteira verna

Catoplatus

 Catoplatus fabricii

Corythucha

 Corythucha ciliata

Derephysia

 Derephysia foliacea

Dictyla

 Dictyla convergens

Dictyonota

 Dictyonota fuliginosa
 Dictyonota strichnocera

Kalama

 Kalama tricornis

Lasiacantha

 Lasiacantha capucina

Oncochila

 Oncochila simplex

Physatocheila

 Physatocheila dumetorum
 Physatocheila harwoodi
 Physatocheila smreczynskii

Stephanitis

 Stephanitis rhododendri
 Stephanitis takeyai

Tingis

 Tingis ampliata
 Tingis angustata
 Tingis cardui
 Tingis reticulata

Reduviidae

Emesinae

Empicoris
 Empicoris baerensprungi
 Empicoris culiciformis
 Empicoris vagabundus

Harpactorinae

Coranus
 Coranus aethiops
 Coranus subapterus
 Coranus woodroffei

Reduviinae

Reduvius
 Reduvius personatus

Stenopodainae

Oncocephalus
 Oncocephalus pilicornis

Pygolampis
 Pygolampis bidentata

Dipsocoromorpha

Dipsocoroidea

Ceratocombidae

Ceratocombus

 Ceratocombus coleoptratus

Dipsocoridae
Cryptostemma
 Cryptostemma alienum - synonym Pachycoleus alienum
Pachycoleus
 Pachycoleus waltli

Leptopodomorpha

Saldoidea

Aepophilidae

Aepophilus

 Aepophilus bonnairei

Saldidae

Chiloxanthinae

Chiloxanthus
 Chiloxanthus pilosus

Saldinae

Chartoscirta
 Chartoscirta cincta
 Chartoscirta cocksii
 Chartoscirta elegantula

Halosalda
 Halosalda lateralis

Micracanthia
 Micracanthia marginalis

Salda
 Salda littoralis
 Salda morio
 Salda muelleri

Saldula
 Saldula arenicola
 Saldula c-album
 Saldula fucicola
 Saldula melanoscela
 Saldula opacula
 Saldula orthochila
 Saldula pallipes
 Saldula palustris
 Saldula pilosella
 Saldula saltatoria
 Saldula scotica
 Saldula setulosa

Teloleuca
 Teloleuca pellucens

Nepomorpha

Corixoidea

Corixidae

Corixinae

Arctocorisa
 Arctocorisa carinata
 Arctocorisa germari

Callicorixa
 Callicorixa praeusta
 Callicorixa wollastoni

Corixa
 Corixa affinis
 Corixa dentipes
 Corixa iberica
 Corixa panzeri
 Corixa punctata

Glaenocorisa
 Glaenocorisa cavifrons
 Glaenocorisa propinqua

Hesperocorixa
 Hesperocorixa castanea
 Hesperocorixa linnaei
 Hesperocorixa moesta
 Hesperocorixa sahlbergi

Paracorixa
 Paracorixa concinna

Sigara
 Sigara distincta
 Sigara dorsalis
 Sigara falleni
 Sigara fallenoidea
 Sigara fossarum
 Sigara iactans
 Sigara lateralis
 Sigara limitata
 Sigara longipalis
 Sigara nigrolineata
 Sigara scotti
 Sigara selecta
 Sigara semistriata
 Sigara stagnalis
 Sigara striata
 Sigara venusta

Cymatiainae

Cymatia
 Cymatia bonsdorffii
 Cymatia coleoptrata
 Cymatia rogenhoferi

Micronectinae

Micronecta
 Micronecta griseola
 Micronecta minutissima
 Micronecta poweri
 Micronecta scholtzi

Gerroidea

Gerridae

Aquarius

 Aquarius najas
 Aquarius paludum

Gerris

 Gerris argentatus
 Gerris costae
 Gerris gibbifer
 Gerris lacustris
 Gerris lateralis
 Gerris odontogaster
 Gerris thoracicus

Limnoporus

 Limnoporus rufoscutellatus

Veliidae

Microvelia

 Microvelia buenoi
 Microvelia pygmaea
 Microvelia reticulata

Velia

 Velia caprai
 Velia saulii

Hebroidea

Hebridae

Hebrus

 Hebrus pusillus
 Hebrus ruficeps

Hydrometroidea

Hydrometridae

Hydrometra

 Hydrometra gracilenta
 Hydrometra stagnorum

Mesovelioidea

Mesoveliidae

Mesovelia

 Mesovelia furcata

Naucoroidea

Aphelocheiridae

Aphelocheirus

 Aphelocheirus aestivalis

Naucoridae

Naucorinae

Naucoris
 Naucoris maculatus

Ilyocoris
 Ilyocoris cimicoides

Nepoidea

Nepidae

Nepinae

Nepa
 Nepa cinerea

Ranatrinae

Ranatra
 Ranatra linearis

Notonectoidea

Notonectidae

Notonecta

 Notonecta glauca
 Notonecta maculata
 Notonecta obliqua
 Notonecta viridis

Pleoidea

Pleidae

Plea

 Plea minutissima

Pentatomomorpha

Aradoidea

Aradidae

Aneurinae

Aneurus
 Aneurus avenius

Aradinae

Aradus
 Aradus aterrimus
 Aradus betulae
 Aradus cinnamomeus
 Aradus corticalis
 Aradus depressus

Aneurus
 Aneurus laevis

Coreoidea

Alydidae

Alydus

 Alydus calcaratus

Coreidae

Coreinae

Coreus
 Coreus marginatus

Enoplops
 Enoplops scapha

Gonocerus
 Gonocerus acuteangulatus

Leptoglossus
 Leptoglossus occidentalis

Spathocera
 Spathocera dalmanii

Syromastus
 Syromastus rhombeus

Pseudophloeinae

Arenocoris
 Arenocoris falleni
 Arenocoris waltlii

Bathysolen
 Bathysolen nubilus

Ceraleptus
 Ceraleptus lividus

Coriomeris
 Coriomeris denticulatus

Rhopalidae

Brachycarenus

 Brachycarenus tigrinus

Chorosoma

 Chorosoma schillingii

Corizus

 Corizus hyoscyami

Liorhyssus

 Liorhyssus hyalinus

Myrmus

 Myrmus miriformis

Rhopalus

 Rhopalus maculatus
 Rhopalus parumpunctatus
 Rhopalus rufus
 Rhopalus subrufus

Stictopleurus

 Stictopleurus abutilon
 Stictopleurus punctatonervosus

Stenocephalidae

Dicranocephalus

 Dicranocephalus agilis
 Dicranocephalus albipes
 Dicranocephalus medius

Lygaeoidea

Berytidae

Berytinae

Berytinus
 Berytinus clavipes
 Berytinus crassipes
 Berytinus hirticornis
 Berytinus minor
 Berytinus montivagus
 Berytinus signoreti

Neides
 Neides tipularius

Gampsocorinae

Gampsocoris
 Gampsocoris punctipes

Metacanthinae

Metatropis
 Metatropis rufescens

Lygaeidae

Artheneinae

Chilacis
 Chilacis typhae

Blissinae

Ischnodemus
 Ischnodemus quadratus
 Ischnodemus sabuleti

Cyminae

Cymus
 Cymus aurescens
 Cymus claviculus
 Cymus glandicolor
 Cymus melanocephalus

Henestarinae

Henestaris
 Henestaris halophilus
 Henestaris laticeps

Heterogastrinae

Heterogaster
 Heterogaster artemisiae
 Heterogaster urticae

Ischnorhynchinae

Kleidocerys
 Kleidocerys ericae
 Kleidocerys resedae

Lygaeinae

Arocatus
 Arocatus longiceps

Lygaeus
 Lygaeus equestris
 Lygaeus simulans

Orsillinae

Nysius
 Nysius cymoides
 Nysius ericae
 Nysius graminicola
 Nysius helveticus
 Nysius huttoni
 Nysius senecionis
 Nysius thymi

Orsillus
 Orsillus depressus

Ortholomus
 Ortholomus punctipennis

Oxycareninae

Macroplax
 Macroplax preyssleri

Metopoplax
 Metopoplax ditomoides
 Metopoplax fuscinervis

Rhyparochrominae

Acompus
 Acompus pallipes
 Acompus rufipes

Aphanus
 Aphanus rolandri

Beosus
 Beosus maritimus

Drymus
 Drymus brunneus
 Drymus latus
 Drymus pilicornis
 Drymus pilipes
 Drymus pumilio
 Drymus ryei
 Drymus sylvaticus

Emblethis
 Emblethis denticollis
 Emblethis griseus

Eremocoris
 Eremocoris abietis
 Eremocoris fenestratus
 Eremocoris plebejus
 Eremocoris podagricus

Gastrodes
 Gastrodes abietum
 Gastrodes grossipes

Graptopeltus
 Graptopeltus lynceus

Ischnocoris
 Ischnocoris angustulus

Lamproplax
 Lamproplax picea

Lasiosomus
 Lasiosomus enervis

Macrodema
 Macrodema micropterum

Megalonotus
 Megalonotus antennatus
 Megalonotus chiragra
 Megalonotus dilatatus
 Megalonotus emarginatus
 Megalonotus praetextatus
 Megalonotus sabulicola

Notochilus
 Notochilus limbatus

Pachybrachius
 Pachybrachius fracticollis
 Pachybrachius luridus

Peritrechus
 Peritrechus angusticollis
 Peritrechus convivus
 Peritrechus geniculatus
 Peritrechus gracilicornis
 Peritrechus lundii
 Peritrechus nubilus

Pionosomus
 Pionosomus varius

Plinthisus
 Plinthisus brevipennis

Pterotmetus
 Pterotmetus staphyliniformis

Raglius
 Raglius alboacuminatus

Rhyparochromus
 Rhyparochromus pini
 Rhyparochromus vulgaris

Scolopostethus
 Scolopostethus affinis
 Scolopostethus decoratus
 Scolopostethus grandis
 Scolopostethus pictus
 Scolopostethus puberulus
 Scolopostethus thomsoni

Sphragisticus
 Sphragisticus nebulosus

Stygnocoris
 Stygnocoris fuligineus
 Stygnocoris rusticus
 Stygnocoris sabulosus

Taphropeltus
 Taphropeltus contractus
 Taphropeltus hamulatus

Trapezonotus
 Trapezonotus arenarius
 Trapezonotus desertus
 Trapezonotus dispar
 Trapezonotus ullrichi

Tropistethus
 Tropistethus holosericeus

Xanthochilus
 Xanthochilus quadratus

Pyrrhocoridae

Pyrrhocoris

 Pyrrhocoris apterus

Pentatomoidea

Acanthosomatidae

Acanthosoma

 Acanthosoma haemorrhoidale

Cyphostethus

 Cyphostethus tristriatus

Elasmostethus

 Elasmostethus interstinctus

Elasmucha

 Elasmucha ferrugata
 Elasmucha grisea

Family Cydnidae

Cydninae: tribe Geotomini

Byrsinus
 Byrsinus flavicornis

Sehirinae

Adomerus
 Adomerus biguttatus

Canthophorus
 Canthophorus impressus

Geotomus
 Geotomus punctulatus

Legnotus
 Legnotus limbosus
 Legnotus picipes

Sehirus
 Sehirus luctuosus

Tritomegas
 Tritomegas bicolor
 Tritomegas sexmaculatus

Family Pentatomidae

Asopinae

Jalla
 Jalla dumosa

Picromerus
 Picromerus bidens

Rhacognathus
 Rhacognathus punctatus

Troilus
 Troilus luridus

Zicrona
 Zicrona caerulea

Pentatominae

Aelia
 Aelia acuminata

Carpocoris
 Carpocoris pudicus
 Carpocoris purpureipennis

Chlorochroa
(synonym Pitedia)
 Chlorochroa juniperina

Dolycoris
 Dolycoris baccarum

Eurydema
 Eurydema dominulus
 Eurydema oleracea
 Eurydema ornata

Eysarcoris
 Eysarcoris aeneus
 Eysarcoris venustissimus

Neottiglossa
 Neottiglossa pusilla

Nezara
 Nezara viridula

Palomena
 Palomena prasina

Pentatoma
 Pentatoma rufipes

Peribalus
 Peribalus strictus

Piezodorus
 Piezodorus lituratus

Rhaphigaster
 Rhaphigaster nebulosa

Sciocoris
 Sciocoris cursitans

Podopinae

Podops
 Podops inuncta

Scutelleridae

Eurygastrinae

Eurygaster
 Eurygaster austriaca
 Eurygaster maura
 Eurygaster testudinaria

Scutelleridae

Odontoscelis
 Odontoscelis fuliginosa
 Odontoscelis lineola

Thyreocoridae

Thyreocoris

 Thyreocoris scarabaeoides

Piesmatoidea

Piesmatidae

Parapiesma

 Parapiesma quadratum

Piesma

 Piesma maculatum

Notes

References

 Southwood, T. R. E. and Leston, Dennis (1959) Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles Warne
 Ryan, Rob (2012) An addendum to Southwood and Leston's Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles British Journal of Entomology and Natural History 25(4): 205-215
 Foster, Stuart (2013) Coranus aethiops Jakovlev (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) - new to Britain, from South Yorkshire British Journal of Entomology and Natural History 26(4): 185-186
 Ryan, Rob (2013) Recent changes to the British list of the Hemiptera-Heteroptera British Journal of Entomology and Natural History 26(4): 209-210

Lists of insects of Great Britain

Hemiptera by location


title: Lepidostroma

text:
Lepidostroma is a genus in the family Lepidostromataceae (the only family within the fungal order Lepidostromatales). The genus is distinguished from all other lichenized clavarioid fungi (Multiclavula (Cantharellales), Ertzia (Lepidostromatales), and Sulzbacheromyces (Lepidostromatales)) by having a distinctly squamulose thallus (similar to a 'Coriscium-type' thallus) with scattered to dense rounded to reniform squamules. Four species are known from the tropics of Africa and the Americas.

References

Agaricomycetes genera
Agaricomycetes
Basidiolichens
Lichen genera
Taxa described in 1967


title: Georgina Oliver

text:
Georgina Oliver (born 26 August 1992) is a parasport track and field athlete from England competing in T54 sprint events. In 2013, she qualified for the 2013 IPC Athletics World Championships, selected for the T54 100 m and 200 m, taking bronze in the former. Oliver has spina bifida.

Career history
Oliver, from Rastrick in Yorkshire, came to prominence as a sprint and mid-distance racer in 2009, medalling in several national race events. Her first major result came in the 2009 BWRA (British Wheelchair Racing Association) Championships in Gateshead when she won bronze in the 100m sprint and 400m race, at the age of sixteen. The following year she record two more podium finishes with another two third places, in the 100m and 200m sprints, at the 2010 BWRA Championship. She improved her results in the 2013 Championships with silver in both the 100m and 200m events.

2012 was a disappointing year for Oliver, as with hopes of qualifying for the 2012 Summer Paralympics in London, she failed to record a successful qualifying time at the Paralympic World Cup. Despite posting a personal best at the Daniela Jutzeler Memorial in Switzerland earlier in the year she was unable to replicate the result at the 2012 BWRA Championships where she took gold in the 400m, but failed to medal in her favoured 100m and 200m sprint events.

The 2013 season saw an improvement in Oliver's results when, at the BWRA Championships, she took gold in the 100m and 200m sprints and in the 400m and 800m. This saw her qualify for the British team for the 2013 IPC Athletics World Championships in Lyon, competing in both the 100m and 200m sprints. At Lyon she qualified for the final of the 200m after finishing third in the heats with a personal best of 31.38s. In the final she finished seventh. Oliver fared better in the 100m, qualifying for the 100m final when she finished third recording a time of 17.93s. In the final she initially finished fourth, recording a personal best of 17.28s, but she was promoted to third place, winning the bronze medal after China's Liu Wenjun was disqualified. Her success in 2013 saw Oliver selected by British Athletics as an athlete with World Cup Podium Potential, ensuring funding for future events.

References

1992 births
Living people
British female wheelchair racers
English female wheelchair racers
People from Rastrick
People with spina bifida
Athletes from Yorkshire
Medalists at the World Para Athletics Championships
British disabled sportspeople


title: Still Caught Up

text:
Still Caught Up is the fifth album by R&B musician Millie Jackson, issued by Spring Records in 1975. It includes the single, "Loving Arms" / "Leftovers."  A sequel to Jackson's previous album, Caught Up, which told the story of a woman having an affair with a married man, Still Caught Up reprises its themes of adultery and recrimination. Where Side A of Caught Up featured Jackson singing from the mistress' point of view and Side B from the jilted wife's point of view, Still Caught Up begins with the wife on Side A and concludes with the mistress on Side B.

Track listing
 "Loving Arms" (Tom Jans) – 3:43
 "Making the Best of a Bad Situation" (Richard Kerr, Gary Osborne) – 3:00
 "The Memory of a Wife" (Millie Jackson, King Sterling) - 5:12
 "Tell Her It's Over" (Millie Jackson, King Sterling) – 4:06
 "Do What Makes You Satisfied" (Millie Jackson, King Sterling) – 3:38
 "You Can't Stand the Thought of Another Me" (Phillip Mitchell) – 2:51
 "Leftovers" (Phillip Mitchell) – 4:31
 "I Still Love You (You Still Love Me)" (Mac Davis, Mark James) – 4:39

Charts

Personnel
Millie Jackson - vocals

Musicians
 Barry Beckett - Keyboards
 Pete Carr - Guitar
 Charles Chalmers - Vocals
 Sandra Chalmers - Vocals
 Janie Fricke - Vocals
 David Hood - Bass
 Roger Hawkins - Drums
 Jimmy Johnson - Guitar
 Sandy Rhodes - Vocals
 Donna Rhodes - Vocals
 Tom Roady - Percussion

Others
 Mac Emmerman - Engineer
 Mike Lewis - Arranger, Conductor
 Jerry Masters - Engineer
 Steve Melton - Engineer
 Brad Shapiro - Conductor, Producer, Rhythm Arrangements
 Adam Skeaping	 - Post Production
 The Swampers	- Conductor, Rhythm Arrangements
 Ernie Winfrey	- Engineer
 Nima Yakubu - Photography

References

1975 albums
Millie Jackson albums
Albums produced by Brad Shapiro
Spring Records albums
Albums recorded at Muscle Shoals Sound Studio


title: Zhi Hu Zhe Ye

text:
Zhi Hu Zhe Ye () is the 1982 debut album of Taiwanese singer Lo Ta-yu.

The title of the album consists of a meaningless phrase made solely of four grammatical Chinese particles from Classical Chinese. The phrase functions as an adjective; if someone's Chinese is "Zhi hu zhe ye", it means it is stale and archaic.

The album broadened the horizons of Chinese music and set a new model for Chinese songwriting. The album had four hit singles: the title song "Zhi hu zhe ye" (), "Lukang, the Little Town" (), "Love Song 1980" (), and "Childhood" (), previously sung by Sylvia Chang in her 1981 album Childhood. The singles from the album remain among Lo Ta-yu's best known songs in mainland China.

Internationally, the album was released in 1982 as Selective Works of Lo Ta-yu () by Fontana Records with two additional tracks, "Foolishly Waiting" () and "Deaf-Blind" ().

Track listing
Side A
 "Lukang Township" ()
 Lukang is located in northwestern Changhua County, Taiwan
 "Love Song 1980" ()
 "Childhood" ()
 Previously sung by Sylvia Chang in her 1981 album Childhood
 "Mistake" ()
 "Lullaby" ()

Side B
 "Zhīhūzhěyě" (), "Archaisms" or "Semi-incomprehensible talk"
 "Nostalgia of Four Rhymes" ()
 "I Shall Drink Wine" ()
 "Story of Time" ()
 Previously sung by Sylvia Chang in her album Childhood
 "Dandelion" ()

Side A
"Childhood"
"Love Song"
 Alternative title of "Love Song 1980"
"Mistake"
"Foolish Waiting" ()
 Originally sung by Fang Cheng () in the 1981 album Merrily Big Soldiers Album () by Fang Cheng and Hsu Pu-liao ()
"Zhi Hu Zhe Ye"
"Lukang Township" ()

Side B
"Nostalgia of Four Rhymes" ()
"Story of Time" ()
"I Shall Drink Wine" ()
"Deaf-Blind" ()
 Also heard in the 1982 album Leaders of Tomorrow ()
"Lullaby" ()
 Alternative Chinese title of "Lullaby" ()
"Dandelion" ()

Reception
The book Taiwan Popular Music — 200 Best Albums () (2009, enlarged from a 1994 list) by National Taiwan University (NTU) students and Ma Shih-fang (), a radio DJ at News 98, ranked this album number one of their "top 20 Taiwan popular albums from 1975 to 1992".

References

1982 albums
Mandarin-language albums


title: Klan (magazine)

text:
Klan is an Albanian language weekly political and finance magazine based in Tirana, Albania. The weekly provides economic and political news.

History and profile
Klan was first published in February 1997. Businessmen Marsel Skendo and Julien Roche, journalists Aleksander Frangaj, Armand Shkullaku, Andi Bushati, Edmond Laci, Sokol Balla, and designer Suad Barbullushi, are the co-founders of the magazine. The latter also worked as an editor in the magazine.

Klan is one of the publications and media outlets owned by Klan group. As of 2002 the publisher of the magazine was Media 5 company which also published Korrieri, a daily. Later Klan became part of the ADA group. The group also owns Klan TV.

The magazine focuses on political and economic news. As of 2007 Andi Bushati was the editor of the magazine which is published weekly. It has its headquarters in Tirana. Edi Rama, current Prime Minister of Albania, was among its contributors.

The magazine offers the award of the "Company of the Year".

In 2002 Klan had a circulation of 4,700 copies.

See also
 List of magazines in Albania

References

External links
 Official website

1997 establishments in Albania
Albanian-language magazines
Business magazines
Magazines established in 1997
Mass media in Tirana
Political magazines published in Albania
Weekly magazines


title: George Maltese

text:
George John Maltese (June 24, 1931 in Middletown, Connecticut – October 23, 2009 in Middletown, Connecticut) was an American mathematician whose primary field of research was functional analysis.

Life and career
Maltese was born in Middletown to a family of Italian ancestry. Between 1949 and 1953 he studied at the Wesleyan University. There he obtained his first degree, a (Bachelor of Arts, B.A.) in mathematics. From 1953 to 1954 he continued his studies as a Fulbright Fellow at the Goethe-University Frankfurt (Germany). From 1956 to 1960 he studied at Yale University (New Haven, Connecticut). There he earned his PhD with the dissertation  Generalized Convolution Algebras and Spectral Representations supervised by Cassius Ionescu-Tulcea. During 1960–61 he worked as a NATO Fellow at the Georg-August-University of Göttingen (Germany). After lecturing as an instructor at the MIT in Cambridge, Massachusetts he joined in 1963 the University of Maryland, College Park, (Maryland). There he worked, interrupted by guest professorships at the University of Frankfurt (in 1966–67 and 1970–71), until 1973, from 1969 on as a Full Professor.

In 1973 Maltese moved to Germany where he accepted a position as a Full Professor for mathematics at the University of Münster; there he worked
until he retired in 1996. His research within the field of Functional analysis was concerned mainly with Harmonic analysis, the theory of
Banach-algebras, integral representations in convex sets, and Korovkin theory.

Maltese was guest professor at the University of Palermo in 1970–71, at the University of Bari in 1979, at the University of Kuwait in 1977, at the University of Bahrain in 1988–89 and at the University of Oman in 1990–91.

The Mathematics Genealogy Project lists 17 PhD students of Maltese, among others Ferdinand Beckhoff (Habilitation in 1994) and Anand Srivastav (Professor of Computer Science at the Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel).

Since 1987 he was a member of the Academia nazionale di szienze, lettere e arti di Palermo. Following his retirement Maltese went, together with his wife Marlene (née Kunz) back to Middletown and the Wesleyan University.

Selected papers
 Convex ideals and positive multiplicative forms in partially ordered algebras. Math. Scand. 9, 372–382 (1961).
 Spectral representations for solutions of certain abstract functional equations. Compos. Math. 15, 1–22 (1961).
 Spectral representations for some unbounded normal operators. Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 110, 79–87 (1964).
 mit R.S. Bucy: Extreme positive definite functions and Choquet’s representation theorem. J. Math. Anal. Appl. 12, 371–377 (1965).
 mit R,S. Bucy: A representation theorem for positive functionals on involution algebras. Math. Ann. 162, 364–367 (1966).
 Multiplicative extensions of multiplicative functionals in Banach algebras. Arch. Math. 21, 502–505 (1970).
 On Bauer’s characterization of extreme points. Math. Ann. 184, 326–328 (1970).
 Extensions of pure states in normed spaces. Rend. Circ. Mat. Palermo, II. Ser. 25, 83–88 (1976).
 Convexity methods and the Choquet boundary in Banach algebras. Boll. Unione Mat. Ital., V. Ser., A 15, 131–136 (1978).
 Integral representation theorems via Banach algebras. Enseign. Math., II. Sér. 25, 273–284 (1979).
 A remark on the existence of nonannihilating vectors and functionals in normed spaces. Boll. Unione Mat. Ital., V. Ser., A 17, 128–130 (1980).
 Prime ideals are dense in maximal ideals of continuous functions. Rend. Circ. Mat. Palermo, II. Ser. 30, 50–52 (1981).
 Extreme points of intervals in C * -algebras. Arch. Math. 45, 354–358 (1985).
 A simple proof of the fundamental theorem of finite Markov chains. Am. Math. Mon. 93, 629–630 (1986).
 mit Gerd Niestegge: A linear Radon–Nikodým type theorem for C * -algebras with applications to measure theory. Ann. Sc. Norm. Super. Pisa, Cl. Sci., IV. Ser. 14, No.2, 345–354
 mit Regina Wille-Fier: A characterization of homomorphisms in certain Banach involution algebras. Stud. Math. 89, No.2, 133–143 (1988).
 Extreme positive functionals and ideals of finite codimension in commutative Banach * -algebras. Atti Semin. Mat. Fis. Univ. Modena 39, No.2, 569–580 (1991).
 A representation theorem for positive functionals on involution algebras (revisited). Boll. Unione Mat. Ital., VII. Ser., A 8, No.3, 431–438 (1994).
 Some remarks on the Riesz representation theorem in Hilbert space. Boll. Unione Mat. Ital., VII. Ser., B 11, No.4, 903–907 (1997).
 The role of convexity in existence theorems for invariant and hyperinvariant subspaces in Hilbert spaces. Rend. Circ. Mat. Palermo, II. Ser. 49, No.2, 381–390 (2000).

References
 Pamela Kalte et al.: American Men and Women of Science, Thomson Gale 2004

 Mitgliederverzeichnis der Deutschen Mathematiker-Vereinigung 2007
 http://www.wn-trauer.de/Traueranzeige/George-Maltese-2009-10-23
 http://wwwmath.uni-muenster.de/historie/Dekane.pdf
 Oberwolfach Photo Collection (http://owpdb.mfo.de/person_detail?id=2719)

20th-century American mathematicians
21st-century American mathematicians
Functional analysts
University of Maryland, College Park faculty
Academic staff of the University of Münster
Wesleyan University people
1931 births
2009 deaths


title: Bertrand Kiefer

text:
Bertrand Kiefer (born 1955) is a Swiss medical doctor, theologian and ethicist. He is editor of the Revue médicale suisse.

Bertrand Kiefer is a member of the Swiss Advisory Commission on Biomedical Ethics.

Notes and references

20th-century Swiss physicians
Swiss ethicists
University of Geneva alumni
1955 births
Living people
21st-century Swiss physicians


title: Formula 1430

text:
The Formula 1430 was founded in 1971 as the Formula Nacional. It was a junior formula racing series based in Spain.

History

Spanish car manufacturer SEAT launched the Formula Nacional in 1971.  In the same era the Formula Ford (Great Britain), Formula Blue (France), Formula Vee (Germany) and Formula 850 (Italy) were launched. Many notable Spanish racing car constructors committed to the new founded series. Hispakart, Selex and Lynx are a few manufacturers to commit to the series. The first race of the series was run on April 4, 1971, at Circuito del Jarama. After a lengthy battle Selex driver Paco Josa won the championship over Lynx driver Emilio Zapico. The following years were dominated by the Selex ST 3. The ST 3 won all races between 1972 and 1976. The ST 7, launched in 1978, was less successful. Selex lost its dominance with the introduction of this new car. The ST 7 would win two championships 1980 and 1981. In 1980 the championship was won by Enrique Llobell. The following year the championship was won by Enriques brother Jose Luis Llobell. As of 1982 foreign built cars were allowed in the series. Selex completely pulled out of the championship due to disappointing results. With SEAT slowly pulling out of the series, the championship lost its notability and folded after the 1984 season.

Car

The Formula 1430 is an open chassis formula. Every manufacturer based in Spain is allowed to design and build a Formula 1430 car. The only engine allowed is the SEAT 1430 engine. The engines performance is raised to 75hp. The cars use a gearbox coming out of a SEAT 600 or SEAT 850. Constructors were allowed to build a monocoque or a spaceframe chassis. Aerodynamic aids like a diffuser and wings were not allowed. Domestic produced Firestone Torino tyres were the spec tyres for the series. The car had a minimum weight of approximately 420kg.

Champions

Other notable drivers

  Carlos Alberto Jarque
  Carlos Pérez-Sala (brother of Luis Pérez-Sala)
  Fermín Vélez
  Emilio Zapico

References

1430
Formula racing
Auto racing series in Spain
SEAT
Defunct auto racing series


title: Heqaib III

text:
Heqaib (III) was an Ancient Egyptian local governor at Elephantine. He lived at the end of the 12th Dynasty around 1800 BC. He hold the titles governor and overseer of priests of Khnum, lord of the cataracts.

Heqaib was the son of a woman called Sat-tjeni and was perhaps the brother of Amenyseneb who followed him in the office of the local governor, both men have a woman called Sat-tjeni as mother. It has been suggested that Sat-tjeni was the daughter of a previous nomarch at Elephantine, Sarenput II.
Heqaib is mainly known from a statue dedicate by him into the local sanctuary of his distant predecessor Heqaib at Elephantine. The statue shows him kneeling with a vessel in each hand. His tomb was discovered in 2014 at Qubbet el-Hawa, with a painted coffin and the remains of a funerary mask.

References

Officials of the Twelfth Dynasty of Egypt
Nomarchs
Overseers of the priests of Khnum


title: Namibia Women's Super League

text:
The Namibia Women's Super League, also called the FNB Women's Super League for sponsorship reasons, is a semi-professional level women's association football league in Namibia. It is organized by the Namibia Football Association.

History
In 2005 women's football was only played informally with very few teams. In November 2006 FIFA granted Namibia the right to host the Football Seminar for South & East Africa Countries to discuss, elaborate and share best practices and establish a plan of action to develop the women's game. A national championship was then contested, consisting of regional leagues and playoffs for the championship. From 2009 to 2011 there was no competition.

In 2011 the Women's Super League was created with six teams. FIFA help starting the league by sponsoring 100,000 Namibian dollars and football attires and training equipment for the teams. The first season was won by Jacqueline Shipanga (JS) Academy.

In 2014 a U20 Super League was created.

In 2023, the league secured N$7.5 million over three years in sponsorship from FNB Namibia.

Champions
The list of champions and runners-up. Okahandja Beauties won at least four championships before creation of the super league. The 2014 season was suspended because funds needed were used for hosting the 2014 African Women's Championship. The second season then was 2015/16.

Most successful clubs

References

External links
 Namibia Football Federation website

Women's association football leagues in Africa
Football leagues in Namibia
2005 establishments in Namibia
Sports leagues established in 2005
Women's football in Namibia
Women's sports leagues in Namibia


title: Moses ter Borch

text:
Moses ter Borch (1645–1667) was a Dutch Golden Age painter, whose work mostly consists of drawings.

Biography
Moses ter Borch was born in Zwolle as the youngest son of Gerard ter Borch the Elder and the brother of Gerard ter Borch and Gesina ter Borch, who taught him to draw and paint.
He died and was buried in Harwich as the result of wounds suffered during the Second Anglo-Dutch War.

Gallery

References

1645 births
1667 deaths
Dutch Golden Age painters
Dutch male painters
Artists from Zwolle
Sibling artists


The College of Immigration and Citizenship Consultants (the College, CICC , CCIC) is the Canada-wide regulatory authority created to protect consumers by overseeing regulated immigration and citizenship consultants and international student advisors.

Pursuant to the College of Immigration and Citizenship Consultants Act (S.C. 2019, c. 29, s. 292) the College Act, the opening of the College was established by a Ministerial Order, which approved the previous regulator, the Immigration Consultants of Canada Regulatory Council ICCRC, to continue as the College. The College officially opened on November 23, 2021.

According to Canadian federal law, immigration consultants who provide their assistance for Canadian immigration or international student services for a fee need to be registered with the College and must be accredited as Regulated Canadian Immigration Consultants (RCICs) or Regulated International Student Immigration Advisors (RISIAs), respectively. (To act as an immigration consultant in Quebec, a person must be registered with the College, recognized by the Ministry of Immigration, Francisation and Integration, and registered on the Registre québécois des consultants en immigration.)

Its head office is located in Burlington, Ontario.

Mandate and legal framework
Financially self-funded and self-sustaining, the College is a self-regulatory organization (SRO) that relies on licensee fees.

There are 2 types of immigration and citizenship representatives in Canada: paid (must be authorized) and unpaid. Only authorized representatives may charge a fee or receive any other type of payment for their services. Unpaid representatives can be family members, friends, or other third parties who do not charge a fee. In essence, unpaid representatives may give the same services as paid representatives, but they do it for free.

The federal mandate of the College of Immigration and Citizenship Consultants arises from the College of Immigration and Citizenship Consultants Act, the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act (IRPA) and the Citizenship Act, all of which require anyone in Canada who provides immigration and citizenship advice or representation for a fee "to be a member in good standing of the College, a Canadian law society, or the Chambre des notaires du Québec.

Individuals who provide immigration and citizenship services abroad are subject to Canadian law even when residing outside of Canada.

History
In 2000, the Association of Immigration Counsel of Canada (AICC) and Organization of Professional Immigration Consultants (OPIC) partnered up to establish the Canadian Association of Professional Immigration Consultants (CAPIC), as a regulatory professional organization for immigration and citizenship consultation. The following year, the historic ruling for the case of Law Society of British Columbia v Mangat on 18 October 2001 became a catalyst for the self-regulation ambitions of Canada's immigration consultants.

The following year, OPIC and AICC joined together to form the Canadian Association of Professional Immigration Consultants (CAPIC), thereby succeeding CIPC and adopting its original name. In April 2008, the Parliamentary Committee for Citizenship and Immigration re-examined the subject, travelling across Canada to hear testimony. The Committee concluded by recommending the establishment of "a stand-alone legislation to re-establish the Canadian Society of Immigration Consultants as a non-share capital corporation." In August 2010, Minister of Immigration and Citizenship Jason Kenney called for submissions from prospective regulators and established a committee to select an eventual regulator.

The Immigration Consultants of Canada Regulatory Council (ICCRC) was chosen as the new regulator in 2011, with many of its founding directors being former CAPIC executives.

In June 2019, the College of Immigration and Citizenship Consultants Act was passed by Parliament providing the mandate for a new regulator for Regulated Canadian Immigration Consultants (RCIC) and Regulated International Student Immigration Advisors (RISIAs), called the College of Immigration and Citizenship Consultants (CICC). Coming into force on 26 November 2020, the Act includes, among other things, new powers to identify and pursue unlicensed immigration consultants. The Act was announced by the then Minister of Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship, Marco Mendicino.

The transition process for the College was temporarily delayed due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

The Minister of Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship approved ICCRC’s application for continuance and set the date of continuance as November 23, 2021.

On November 23, 2021, the College of Immigration and Citizenship Consultants officially opened becoming the official regulator of immigration and citizenship consultants across Canada.

See also

 Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
 Canadian Council of Better Business Bureaus
 Canadian Anti-Fraud Centre
 Office of Consumer Affairs

References

External links

Immigration to Canada
Regulators of Canada


title: House of Dahn

text:
Dahn, also Tan, Tann or Thann, is the surname of a noble family from the Palatinate region of Germany.

Name
The name Dahn, Tan, Tann or Thann often occurs in these variations as a surname. For example, there is also a Franconian aristocratic family, the von Tanns. The person who is often named in the literature as the progenitor of the lords of Dahn, Anshelmus de Tannicka, is clearly not connected to the Palatine Dahns, but just bore a similar name.

Ministeriales of the bishops of Speyer
It is probable that the Dahns who resided in the southern Palatinate Forest had not migrated there from elsewhere, but were a long-established family. They appear several times in late 12th century records as imperial ministeriales, but later acted more often as ministeriales for the bishops of Speyer. A ministerialis was someone appointed to work for an important clerical or secular lord. They were originally unfree knights who were used by their masters to manage their estates. Some of them made careers in the management and administration for their masters and rose in social standing, leaving their former unfree status behind them. An old fief of the Dahns was mentioned in 1285, which the family was granted by the Bishopric of Speyer in Hinterweidenthal, near the town of Dahn and which came from the imperial abbey of Hornbach. It is therefore quite possible that the southwest Palatine or Wasgau Dahns originally came from the retinue of the abbey at Hornbach. This connexion may be the reason that the Dahns were initially employed as imperial ministeriales and then increasingly as ministeriales to the bishop.

Castles of Dahn

To begin with, the family seat of the Dahns was probably Altdahn Castle. The first record of a castle seat on 3 May 1285, however, relates to Neudahn Castle (also enfeoffed by Speyer), as is evident from a list of the estates. The three castles at Dahn, especially Altdahn and Tanstein must have been older than that, however. Until 1327, all the castles on the ridge above Dahn were referred to as "Than Castle" (Burg Than); only later were they given separate names. Occasionally even Tanstein was referred to as Old Than (Alt-Than). In 1288, four knights of Dahn at the burg zu tan were mentioned in a deed: Conrad III Mursel, John I, Henry IV Sumer and Conrad IV of Dahn. The amount of space they needed must have been considerable, which is why all five castle rocks were built on; Altdahn and Tanstein probably being the oldest elements, hence why there are fewere references to them.

Neudahn, which was built further away from the main castle group, was first mentioned in 1340 as nuwenburg zu Than. The early history of the ministeriales of Dahn is largely unclear due to the complex ownership and family relationships.

The first known recipient of the Dahn fief was Frederick I of Dahn between 1198 and 1236. At that time the castle was already an episcopal enfeoffment. From Berwartstein Castle, which was close by, we know that Emperor Frederick I gifted it in 1152 to the Bishopric of Speyer as a reward for their support. This imperial castle (Reichsburg) thus became an episcopal fief-castle for the imperial ministeriales (Reichsministerialen) and, later, the ministeriales of the bishop. A similar situation may have pertained to the fief at Dahn.

On the death of John I of Dahn in 1319 the family lost control over the third castle, Grafendahn, situated between Altdahn and Tanstein. After a feud over the inheritance the Bishop of Speyer re-enfeoffed the estate and it went to the counts of Sponheim.

In the early 15th century the knights of Dahn ran into difficulties. John VII and his brother, Henry X, of Dahn refused to attack Tannenberg Castle with Count Palatine Rupert III because members of the family lived in the castle. The king had Neudahn Castle seized, although it was later returned. Henry XIII of Dahn zu Tanstein was a follower of Franz von Sickingen. In the wake of the Sickingen Feud, Tanstein Castle was occupied by troops from Electoral Trier and not returned until 1544.

Towards the end of the Middle Ages the Dahn castles lost their significance and fell into ruins. Louis II of Dahn had a small schloss built in Burrweiler; this was first mentioned in 1571. Only a gate arch remains today. The Dahns died out after Louis II of Dahn died in 1603 in Burrweiler. The fief then went back to the Bishopric of Speyer.

Coat of arms

The von Tann coat of arms consists of three silver eagles (2:1) on a red field. On the helmet with its red and silver mantle is a monkey holding a mirror in its right hand.

Coat of arms of Bishop Conrad IV of Tann
The prince-bishop's coat of arms of Conrad IV of Tann as Bishop of Speyer (1233–1236) is usually quartered. The fields of the coat of arms alternate the family coat of arms of the von Tanns with the coat of arms of the Bishopric of Speyer, a silver cross on a blue field.

Literature
 Stefan Grathoff: Die Dahner Burgen. Alt-Dahn – Grafendahn – Tanstein. Führungsheft 21. Edition Burgen, Schlösser, Altertümer Rheinland Pfalz. Schnell und Steiner, Regensburg, 2003.
 Alexander Thon (ed.): ...wie eine gebannte, unnahbare Zauberburg. Burgen in der Südpfalz. 2nd improved edn. Schnell + Steiner, Regensburg, 2005,   pp. 19–25,31,113.

External links
 Entry in the castle lexikon Burgenlexikon about the origins of the von Dahns

References

Dahn
Dahn


title: Arthurson

text:
Arthurson is a surname meaning "son of Arthur". Notable people with the surname include:

Charles Arthurson, Canadian Anglican bishop
Ken Arthurson (born 1929), Australian rugby league player

See also
Arthurson Bluff, cliff of Victoria Land, Antarctica
Arthurson Ridge, ridge of Oates Land, Antarctica


title: Stanton Lewis (footballer, born 1974)

text:
Stanton Lewis (born 9 March 1974) is a Bermudian retired international footballer.

Club career
A left-sided defender, Lewis has played club football for PHC Zebras and Boulevard Blazers.

International career
He earned a total of 21 caps for Bermuda, scoring 1 goal.

His final international match was a November 2006 CONCACAF Gold Cup qualification match against Barbados.

International goals
Scores and results list Bermuda's goal tally first.

Managerial career
In 2012, he was Head Coach of Warwick Academy.

References

1974 births
Living people
Men's association football defenders
Bermudian men's footballers
Bermuda men's international footballers
PHC Zebras players


title: Childhood (album)

text:
Childhood () is an album by Sylvia Chang, released in 1981 in Taiwan by Rock Records and in 1982 in Hong Kong by Fontana Records. It is Chang and Lo Ta-yu's second collaboration and Lo's first album as a producer. Within three years at China Medical University (Taiwan) before his graduation in 1979, Lo wrote songs of this album. Some songs, including the titular song of the same name, have been later sung by other singers, like the album's songwriter Lo and the Taiwanese singer Su Rui.

Track listing
Side one

All written and arranged by Lo Ta-yu, unless otherwise.
 "Everyone Comes Together" () — 4:06
 "" (), "Running Water" or "Flowing Water", written by Lü Quansheng () — 0:34
 An a cappella song
 "Childhood" () — 3:35
 Later sung by Lo Ta-yu (in his 1983 album Zhi Hu Zhe Ye) and others
 "" (), "Scene of Winter" or "Bright Winter", composed by Xiong Tianyi (), lyrics by Su Shi — 3:08
 Originally a poem from Song Dynasty (960–1279)
 "Little Angel" (), written by Xiong Tianyi — 2:56
 "Fallen Leaves" () — 2:28

Side two

All written by Lo Ta-yu and arranged by Zheng Guichang ()
 "" (), "Whether or not" or "Will or will not" — 3:30
 Later sung by Su Rui with additional lyrics in her 1983 eponymous debut album
 "Four Seasons" () — 2:20
 "Story of Time" () — 2:53
 Later sung by Lo Ta-yu in Zhi Hu Zhe Ye
 "Wishing to Be the Moon" () — 3:32
 "" (), "Spring Wish" or "Toward Spring", arranged by Lo Ta-yu — 4:58

Reception
Yao Hua praises Chang's performance of the titular song "Childhood" as [fresh and natural] ().

References

Mandopop albums
1981 albums
Rock Records albums


title: Stanton Lewis

text:
Stanton Lewis refers to:

Stanton Lewis (footballer born 1974), Bermudian footballer
Stanton Lewis (footballer born 1987), South African footballer


title: Cavemen (film)

text:
Cavemen is a 2013 American comedy film about a young man in Los Angeles who feels the emptiness of a life of dissipation and seeks a genuine relationship, which he discovers is more difficult to do than he thought.

Cavemen made its world premiere at the 2013 Austin Film Festival where the screenplay had been a competition finalist several years earlier. On review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 14% based on 14 reviews, with an average rating of 3.32/10.

Cast
 Skylar Astin  as	Dean
 Camilla Belle  as	Tess
 Chad Michael Murray  as   Jay
 Dayo Okeniyi  as   Andre
 Alexis Knapp  as   Kat
 Kenny Wormald  as   Pete
 Jason Patric as Jack Bartlett
 Fernanda Romero as Rosa
 Zuleyka Silver  as Alicia
 Anand Desai-Barochia	as  Giuseppe

References

External links

2013 films
American comedy films
2013 comedy films
2010s English-language films
2010s American films


title: Borderlands (series)

text:
Borderlands is an action role-playing first-person looter shooter video game franchise set in a space Western science fantasy setting, created and produced by Gearbox Software and published by 2K for multiple platforms.

The series consists of four games, each with multiple downloadable content packs: Borderlands (2009), Borderlands 2 (2012), Borderlands: The Pre-Sequel (2014) by 2K Australia and Borderlands 3 (2019). Tales from the Borderlands (2014–2015) is a spin-off episodic graphic adventure game by Telltale Games.

The series has received critical acclaim and commercial success for its loot-driven multiplayer co-op gameplay and its sense of humor. As of November 2022, more than 77 million copies of Borderlands games had been shipped, with 26 million from Borderlands 2. An additional 5 million copies of Borderlands 3 were sold within five days of release, bringing the total series' net revenues to over . This makes it one of the best-selling video game franchises of all time. A film adaptation of the series is in development by Lionsgate.

Gameplay
The Borderlands games are first-person loot shooters, set in an open world, with some role-playing game (RPG) elements (Tales from the Borderlands, however, is an episodic adventure game). The concept came from Matthew Armstrong's idea to combine the mechanics of first-person shooters like Doom with role-playing games with randomized loot such as Diablo. After developing the mechanics of this shooter-RPG hybrid, Gearbox established the idea of players seeking Vaults on the planet Pandora, comparing the discovery of new loot to opening a Pandora's box.

Players select one of the available characters, representing Vault Hunters that have traveled to the planet Pandora to try to seek its fabled Vault. Each Vault Hunter has a different skill tree and one or more unique abilities. Players then work on completing quests and exploring Pandora while dealing with the violent Pandora wildlife, crazed scavengers that have been stranded on the planet, and various military groups that attempt to stop them. Completing quests and defeating foes earns in-game money and experience, which is used for expanding the player's skill tree. If the player loses their health or falls into bottomless chasms, they respawn at the most recent checkpoint and lose some of their money. The games are divided into several maps, and once players have reached a waypoint station on the map, they can teleport to any other previously visited map. Otherwise, players must reach certain points on the edges of the map to move into a different area. Some maps allow the player to spawn an armed vehicle to help traverse large maps or to deal with more powerful enemies.

A core feature of Borderlands is the loot system, which generates a variety of guns (such as pistols, shotguns, assault rifles, sniper rifles, and rocket launchers), shield generators, grenade modifications, and class modifications. This equipment is randomly dropped by foes, found in containers around Pandora, or obtained as rewards for completing quests. The statistics of the equipment, such as the amount of damage and accuracy for a gun and special elemental attacks, are procedurally generated, and use a loot color-coding system similar to games like World of Warcraft to indicate rarity, ranging from white (most common), to purple and orange (most rare and powerful). The first Borderlands is credited by the Guinness Book of World Records to have over 17 million different possible guns that could be generated, while the latter games expand further on this. Other facets of the game use a similar procedural system: foes may have unique attributes and more powerful variants, such as creatures that can spit corrosive acid or flame, or scavengers with higher amounts of health and armor. Weapons and other equipment can be sold and bought at various vending machines scattered about the maps; nearly all vending machines include a rare piece of loot that is only available for a limited amount of in-game time, after which the machine's inventory is rotated for a new set of equipment. Borderlands 2, 3, and The Pre-Sequel! include the use of "SHIFT codes", which the player can obtain through social media or other promotions, and give players "golden keys" that can be used once to obtain an item of exceptional quality appropriate for the player's level; this feature was also added to the remaster of Borderlands.

As the player levels, the loot drops will become more powerful; at the same time, the enemies that the player faces on the map will increase in level as well. All three games feature a New Game Plus-type replay mode, where they can start with the same character at the same level they completed the game with, and continue to level up the character through the replay up to a fixed level, making the game more difficult. All three games support co-operative play for up to four people; the difficulty of the enemies as well as the quality of the loot drops scales with the number of players.

In Borderlands 2 and in the Pre-Sequel, a "Badass Rank" system was added. By completing certain challenges, such as killing a number of enemies with a specific weapon type, the player would be awarded Badass points; for every 100 points, they can then redeem these for one of several small buffs to the player's attributes such as gun damage or shield capacity. Selecting the same buff repeatedly on redemption while using a given character would provide less beneficial rewards. However, these Badass buffs are shared by all characters that the player has so that if the player starts a new character, they will retain all the existing buffs, and new buffs when the points are redeemed will be more beneficial; the "Badass Rank" system has been replaced in Borderlands 3 by the "guardian" system.

All the games in the series use a comic book-like rendering approach, frequently mistaken as a cel-shaded technique. Instead, the games use fully realized hand-drawn textures and within the game engine, add noticeable outlines to create the appearance of a comic book setting.

Plot

Setting
The games in Borderlands primarily take place on the planet Pandora. Pandora is believed to be rich with mineral wealth leading several interstellar megacorporations to send colony ships there to capitalize on it, but once they arrive, they find little of value outside of undecipherable alien artifacts from a long-extinct race known as the Eridians, and numerous native lifeforms make it too dangerous to colonize. Many of the corporations abandon the planet, leaving behind their workforce, former prisoners coerced into employment, who take over much of the planet as bandits and raiders. However, a study of the alien artifacts leads to the discovery of mythical Eridian Vaults filled with untold treasure and wealth, which are guarded by extremely powerful and ancient monsters. Corporations and military forces return to the planet, along with a number of Vault Hunters who seek to find the Vaults themselves. The settings are expanded to include the moon of Pandora in Borderlands: The Pre-sequel, and other planets in Borderlands 3 where further Eridian Vaults have been found.

Characters
Several characters appear in multiple Borderlands games. The small yellow robot Claptrap (voiced by David Eddings, with Jim Foronda in Borderlands 3), the de facto mascot for the franchise, has appeared in all games as a non-player character (NPC) and in the Pre-Sequel as a playable character. The megalomaniacal CEO of the Hyperion Corporation, Handsome Jack (Dameon Clarke), is first encountered as the principal antagonist of Borderlands 2, while the Pre-Sequel features him as an NPC whose rise to power is assisted by the player. After his death at the end of Borderlands 2, Jack reappears in Tales from the Borderlands as an AI personality and in flashbacks in Borderlands 3. The enigmatic "Angel" (voiced by Jennifer Green, portrayed in the video by Brittani Johnson) who guides the players through Borderlands is, in the sequel, revealed to be Jack's daughter.

Also appearing across multiple games are several NPCs who act as vendors and quest-givers for the player. They include the erratic researcher Patricia Tannis (Colleen Clinkenbeard), the garage owner and mechanic Scooter (Michael Neumann), Scooter's younger sister and mechanic Ellie (Jamie Marchi), the bartender Mad Moxxi (Brina Palencia), the 13-year-old demolitions expert Tiny Tina (Ashly Burch), the gun company founder Mr. Torgue (Chris Rager), the gentleman hunter Sir Alistair Hammerlock (J. Michael Tatum), the junk dealer Janey Springs (Catherine Moore), the shady surgeon Dr. Zed (Ric Spiegel) and the gun merchant Marcus Kincaid (Bruce DuBose), who also narrates the opening cinematics.

In each main game, the player chooses one of several player characters – "Vault Hunters" drawn to Pandora by the prospect of the alien riches contained within the Vaults – but as the games support up to four-player co-op gameplay, their continuity presents these characters as having witnessed the events of each game together. Several of these player-characters subsequently appear as non-player characters in future games.
 The player characters of the first Borderlands appear as NPCs in the later games. They are: Roland (voiced by Oliver Tull in Borderlands and Markus Lloyd in Borderlands 2) a stoic soldier; Lilith (Colleen Clinkenbeard), a "Siren" with magical powers; Mordecai (voiced by Julio Cedillo in Borderlands and Jason Liebrecht in subsequent games), a hunter and sniper with a pet bird-of-prey; and Brick (Marcus Mauldin), a strongman brawler.
 The main protagonists of Borderlands 2 are Axton (Robert McCollum), a renegade soldier, Maya (Martha Harms), another Siren, Salvador (John Swasey), a short-statured and short-tempered "gunzerker", and Zer0 (Michael Turner), an enigmatic masked assassin. Through DLC, two additional characters were added: Gaige (Cherami Leigh), the "Mechromancer", a young girl with a flying killer robot, and Krieg (Jason Douglas), a deranged wanderer with a split personality.
 All but two of the player characters of the Pre-Sequel appeared in earlier games as NPCs. Athena (Lydia Mackay) is a renegade assassin encountered in a DLC campaign in Borderlands. Nisha Kadam (Stephanie Young), a bounty hunter and eventually Jack's girlfriend, goes on to be killed by the players in Borderlands 2 – as does Wilhelm (Bryan Massey), a cyborg mercenary obsessed with transhumanism. The other two player characters of the Pre-Sequel, available through DLC, are Timothy (Dameon Clarke), a body double of Handsome Jack, and Lady Aurelia Hammerlock (Kenneisha Thompson), Alistair's sister and big game hunter.
 Tales from the Borderlands, set just after Borderlands 2, introduces two protagonists: the Hyperion company man Rhys (Troy Baker), and the con artist Fiona (Laura Bailey). Other characters introduced in Tales from the Borderlands include Vaughn (Chris Hardwick), Rhys's best friend and a Hyperion accountant; Sasha (Erin Yvette), Fiona's sister and fellow con artist; Gortys (Ashley Johnson), an Atlas robot; and Felix (Norman Hall), Fiona and Sasha's father figure.
 Borderlands 3, set years after Tales from the Borderlands, features four new Vault Hunter protagonists: Amara (Zehra Fazal), a Siren; Moze (Marissa Lenti), a rogue Vladof soldier who pilots the mecha Iron Bear; Zane (Cian Berry), a black ops operative with a variety of gadgets; and FL4K (Sung-Won Cho), a robot beastmaster. The antagonists are the Calypso Twins, Tyreen and Troy Calypso (Elisa Melendez and Max Mittelman), who are both Sirens.

Synopsis
Shortly after the Dahl corporation leaves the planet Pandora at the start of Borderlands, four Vault Hunters arrive to seek out the Vault – Roland, Lilith, Mordecai, and Brick. They are guided by a mysterious entity, the Guardian Angel, that lives within the planet's communication EchoNet system, to collect pieces of the Vault Key, but warned that the Vault can only be accessed every 200 years, and that time is soon approaching, urging them onward. They eventually complete the Key, but immediately come into conflict with the Atlas corporation coming back to claim Pandora and the Vault. The Vault Hunters fight Atlas back and locate the Vault, but upon opening, it releases a giant monster, named the "Destroyer". They fight off the monster and push it back into the Vault, which then closes, leaving Pandora safe.

In the Pre-Sequel, Jack, a low-level programmer for Hyperion, discovers another Vault on Pandora's moon, Elpis, and hires six more Vault Hunters – Wilhelm, Athena, Claptrap, Nisha, Timothy, and Aurelia – to seek it in the wake of the First Vault's closure. With the Vault Hunters' help, Jack is able to seize control of Helios, the Hyperion space station in orbit between Pandora and Elpis, and uses its resources to secure the Vault with the help of the Hunters. Inside, there is only a strange artifact in the shape of the Vault symbol, but when Jack touches it, he experiences visions of the imminent release of the "Warrior". Jack starts to go mad with power, and Lilith punches the artifact into his face, disfiguring him forever. Jack assumes his mask, becoming Handsome Jack, and takes over Hyperion as he swears vengeance on the Vault Hunters.

In Borderlands 2, six new Hunters have arrived to find a new Vault that has been discovered on Pandora, but Handsome Jack uses his vast array of Hyperion resources to try to stop them. The new Hunters – Axton, Maya, Salvador, Zer0, Gaige, and Krieg – are aided by Roland and his former Vault Hunters, now leading a resistance known as the Crimson Raiders, secured in their base Sanctuary, and further guided by the Guardian Angel, who is revealed to be Jack's Siren daughter, dying from excessive usage of her powers. Jack had used Angel to trick the former Vault Hunters into opening the Vault on Pandora to gain access to Eridium, a special alien mineral with untold properties. After The Vault Hunters kill Angel in an act of mercy and to disrupt Jack's plan, Jack appears in Angel's chamber and proceeds to kill Roland. Lilith teleports The Vault Hunters to safety before being captured by Jack and used to finish charging the Vault Key. While they find the Vault, Jack arrives and joins them as they open it, and he summons forth the gigantic Warrior, which he wants to use to control Pandora and beyond. The Vault Hunters defeat the Warrior and leave Jack to his death before discovering that the Vault Key contains a map leading to Vaults across the galaxy, with Lilith stating "there's no rest for the wicked".

Sometime after these events, in Tales of the Borderlands, the absence of Jack's control leaves a power void on both Pandora and Hyperion. A Hyperion lackey, Rhys, and a con artist Fiona get caught up in events over the sale of a fake Vault Key to Rhys' superior for ten million dollars. They discover that there is another vault, the Vault of the Traveler, controlled by an Atlas prototype robot named Gortys. As they collect the scattered parts of Gortys, Rhys inadvertently downloads an AI copy of Handsome Jack's personality into his cybernetic mind. Rhys and Fiona's group makes to Helios in a makeshift spacecraft, and Scooter sacrifices himself to assure they get there. Once back on Helios, Jack takes over the entire station. Rhys and Fiona stop Jack and cause the station to crash into Pandora, wiping out Jack's personality for good. After going their separate ways for a while, They reunite to help defeat the Traveler, another giant Vault monster, freeing Gortys and leaving the Vault to be explored.

Borderlands 3 follows 7 years after the events of Borderlands 2 and Tales. After being forced to destroy Sanctuary to protect Pandora from a doomsday plot by former Dahl commander, Colonel Hector, Lilith and the Crimson Raiders recover the Vault Key/Map to discover the many Vaults that exist across the galaxy, and travel among planets via their new spacecraft Sanctuary III. However, the Calypso Twins, Tyreen and Troy, have claimed themselves the rightful owners of the Vaults, creating a cult of personality, the Children of the Vault, from the remnant bandit factions of Pandora to secure these Vaults themselves, and making a strategic partnership with megacorporation Maliwan for military support. Lilith recruits new Vault Hunters – Zane, Amara, FL4K, and Moze – to help secure these Vaults before Tyreen and Troy can. They learn that the pair are Sirens themselves, seeking to absorb the power of the Vault monsters for their own to open the "Great Vault", revealed to be the planet Pandora itself, unaware that it still contains the "Destroyer", which is further explained to be a being intent on destroying the universe. With the help of former and new allies, the Crimson Raiders managed to stop the Calypso Twins and kill the Destroyer but at the cost of Maya and Lilith's lives, although the latter's fate is ambiguous.

Main series

Borderlands

Borderlands was released in 2009, and combines traditional first-person shooter gameplay with character-building elements found in role-playing games, leading Gearbox to call the game a "role-playing shooter". Players choose to play as one of four characters: Lilith the Siren, Mordecai the Hunter, Brick the Berserker, and Roland the Soldier. The game awards experience points for enemies killed and objectives completed, as well as encouraging skillful gameplay by granting bonuses to more difficult actions such as headshots. Earned experience builds toward the threshold of the next level. Leveling up provides the player with additional "skill points", which are used to select various skills that allow character specialization.

In addition to various melee weaponry, the character can wield an array of firearms, grenades, and specialized weaponry, which are procedurally generated to provide a rich variety of loot. The game supports solo play as well as a cooperative mode for up to four players. A New Game Plus mode allows players to replay the game with the same character at a higher difficulty level.

The game is set on the planet Pandora, contested by bandits, mercenaries of interstellar corporations, dangerous wildlife and, eventually, eldritch alien abominations. As a "Vault Hunter", guided by the mysterious "Guardian Angel", the player is searching for a fabled vault full of alien loot. Borderlands is characterized by its offbeat humor and a cartoonish, cel-shaded art style.

About 4.5 million copies of the game had been sold worldwide by 2011, an unexpected success for Gearbox. Borderlands received positive reviews, with an aggregate Metacritic score of 81 to 86, depending on the platform. It was complemented by four DLC packs: The Zombie Island of Dr. Ned, Mad Moxxi's Underdome Riot, The Secret Armory of General Knoxx, and Claptrap's New Robot Revolution.

A remastered version for PC, PlayStation 4 and Xbox One – Borderlands: Game of the Year Edition – was released on April 3, 2019. It was released for Nintendo Switch version, which released on May 29, 2020.

Borderlands 2

The sequel to Borderlands, released in 2012, picked up the setting and gameplay mechanics of its predecessor. Again, players control one of four (or, with DLC, six) Vault Hunters, while the four-player characters of the original game re-appear as non-player characters. The story, written by Anthony Burch, focuses on the players' struggle with Handsome Jack, the megalomaniacal CEO of the Hyperion corporation, who seeks control of Pandora's mineral riches and alien artifacts.

Gearbox released five DLC campaigns that continue the main game's story (Captain Scarlett and Her Pirate's Booty, Mr. Torgue's Campaign of Carnage, Sir Hammerlock's Big Game Hunt, Tiny Tina's Assault on Dragon Keep and Commander Lilith & the Fight for Sanctuary). In addition, several DLC packs introducing two new player characters (Gaige the Mechromancer and Krieg the Psycho), more character development possibilities and quests have been released.

Even more so than the first game, Borderlands 2 was an unexpected critical and commercial success. It was one of the best-selling games of 2012, and has become the best-selling game in the history of its publisher 2K Games, with 8.5 million copies sold by February 2014. The game received aggregate Metacritic scores of 89 to 91, depending on the platform.

A port of Borderlands 2 for the PlayStation Vita handheld was released in 2014, offering the full game and some of its DLC, but limited to two-person multiplayer.

Borderlands: The Pre-Sequel

Announced in April 2014, Borderlands: The Pre-Sequel was developed by 2K Australia and released for PS3, Xbox 360 and Windows PC in October 2014, as well as for Mac OS later in 2014. It is set on Elpis, the moon of Pandora, and its story – occurring between the events of the first two games – covers the rise of Handsome Jack to power. The game features four of Jack's henchmen as playable characters: Athena the Gladiator, Wilhelm the Enforcer, Nisha the Lawbringer and the robot Claptrap, "the Fragtrap". Jack's body double Timothy Lawrence and Sir Hammerlock's sister Aurelia were added later as DLC player characters. New game mechanics include the use of oxygen tanks and a boost jump.

The game was re-released in 2015 as part of Borderlands: The Handsome Collection, a compilation and port of Borderlands 2 and The Pre-Sequel! for PlayStation 4 and Xbox One.

Borderlands 3

Borderlands 3 was released on September 13, 2019, for Windows, PlayStation 4 and Xbox One. The game had been in development at Gearbox as early as 2015, and was revealed at PAX East on March 28, 2019. Borderlands 3 was the best selling game in the Borderlands series, selling over five million copies within the first 5 days of its release, and reaching 8 million by the end of 2019.

As with past games, players select one of four new Vault Hunters – Amara the Siren, Moze the Gunner, Zane the Operative and FL4K the Beastmaster – as they try to stop the Calypso Twins from acquiring the greatest power in the universe, including on planets other than Pandora.

Collections

Borderlands: The Handsome Collection
Borderlands: The Handsome Collection includes Borderlands 2 and Borderlands the Pre-Sequel for release on PlayStation 4 and Xbox One, as well as on Microsoft Windows and macOS, in March 2015. Both games were remastered by Iron Galaxy Studios and Armature Studio respectively to support the newer consoles and include support for importing saves from either original game into the Collection to continue those characters. Later, was released for Nintendo Switch too.

Borderlands Legendary Collection
Borderlands Legendary Collection includes Borderlands, Borderlands 2, and Borderlands the Pre-Sequel for the Nintendo Switch, it was released in May 2020.

Spin-off games

Borderlands Legends

To coincide with the release of Borderlands 2, the iOS spin-off game Borderlands Legends was released on October 31, 2012, for iOS devices. It is more of a strategy game than a RPG and is played from a top-down perspective with players controlling all four Vault hunters from Borderlands.

LootTheWorld
LootTheWorld was a free mobile app available for iOS and Android released on December 12, 2013, and shut down on October 18, 2015. The app allowed users to scan barcodes and QR codes which unlocked items for Borderlands 2 that could be transferred to the users game through their ShiFT account. The app was only available in the United States.

Tales from the Borderlands

Tales from the Borderlands is a more narrative- and character-driven, episodic game developed by Telltale Games with collaboration from Gearbox Software, featuring returning and new characters from the Borderlands games. Its five episodes were published between November 2014 to October 2015 for multiple platforms.

The game follows two protagonists, the con artist Fiona and the Hyperion company man Rhys, as they somewhat questionably recount the plot of the game. Telltale Games aimed to incorporate two characteristics of the Borderlands series, gunplay and offbeat humor, into Tales from the Borderlands.

Borderlands Online
Borderlands Online was to be a China-exclusive online shooter game for PC and mobile devices, developed by 2K China and Gearbox Software, and published and operated by Shanda Games. It was slated to be released in 2015, but was cancelled in November 2015 when 2K China was closed because of profitability concerns.

Tiny Tina's Wonderlands

Tiny Tina's Wonderlands is a standalone game based on the Borderlands universe, but taking place in a high-fantasy setting, shortly after the events of Tiny Tina's Assault on Dragon Keep DLC for Borderlands 2. Like Borderlands, Wonderlands will support four-player cooperative combat using procedurally-generated weapons and loot, though with additional focus on magic and melee weapons in addition to guns. According to Gearbox's CEO Randy Pitchford, the game's concept had been in development for more than ten years. In addition to Ashly Burch voicing Tiny Tina, it includes voice work from Andy Samberg as Captain Valentine, Wanda Sykes as Frette the robot, and Will Arnett as the Dragon Lord. The game released in March 25, 2022, on Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 4 and 5, and Xbox One and Series X/S.

Ahead of Wonderlandss release, Gearbox released the Assault on Dragon Keep as a standalone game, Tiny Tina's Assault on Dragon Keep: A Wonderlands One-Shot Adventure, on November 9, 2021, for Windows, PlayStation 4, and Xbox One.

New Tales from the Borderlands

A successor to Tales from the Borderlands, New Tales from the Borderlands introduces three new playable characters: Anu, an altruistic scientist, Octavio, Anu's brother who is seeking for fame and fortune, and Fran, the owner of a frozen yogurt store who uses a hoverchair for mobility. The trio must also work together as they seek a vault key which may grant them access to a vault stashed with treasures, while fighting against Tediore, a weapon manufacturer who has invaded Promethra, the home planet of the three protagonists. The game was released on October 21, 2022 for PC, PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Xbox One, Xbox Series X and Series S, and Nintendo Switch.

Borderlands: Vault Hunter Pinball
A virtual pinball adaptation based on the Borderlands series is being developed by Zen Studios as one of three pinball tables based on games developed by Gearbox Studios, set to appear in a reboot of Pinball FX that will first release on PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Xbox One and Xbox Series X/S in February of 2023.

Other media

Soundtracks
The soundtrack for Borderlands, written by Jesper Kyd, Raison Varner, Cris Velasco and Sascha Dikiciyan (Sonic Mayhem), was published as Borderlands: Original Soundtrack in 2009, featuring 27 tracks.

The soundtrack for the sequel, by the same composers, was published as Borderlands 2: Original Soundtrack in 2012, featuring 23 tracks. Soundtrack albums for several DLC campaigns were released separately.

Comic series
Four issues of a comic miniseries, Borderlands: Origins, were published in print and digitally in November 2012. The series was written by Mikey Neumann and the artist Agustin Padilla, published by IDW. It tells the story of how the original four Vault Hunters came to be together at the beginning of Borderlands, filling in their backstory and setting up the events of both games. Those are the titles:
 Borderlands: Origins Roland
 Borderlands: Origins Lilith
 Borderlands: Origins Mordecai
 Borderlands: Origins Brick
 Borderlands: Origins Collected Edition

A second series, Borderlands: Fall of Fyrestone, also by Neumann and Padilla, was published in eight issues between July 2014 and April 2015. It followed the events of the first Borderlands game.
 Borderlands: Fall of Fyrestone #1 (July 2014)
 Borderlands: Fall of Fyrestone #2 (August 2014)
 Borderlands: Fall of Fyrestone #3 (October 2014)
 Borderlands: Fall of Fyrestone #4 (November 2014)
 Borderlands: Fall of Fyrestone #5 Tannis & The Vault Part 1 (December 2014)
 Borderlands: Fall of Fyrestone #6 Tannis & The Vault Part 2 (January 2015)
 Borderlands: Fall of Fyrestone #7 Tannis & The Vault Part 3 (March 2015)
 Borderlands: Fall of Fyrestone #8 Tannis & The Vault Part 4 (April 2015)

A video game art book, The Art of Borderlands 2, is available.

Novels
Pocket Books published three Borderlands novels by John Shirley, covering Roland and Mordecai's origins and their adventures after the events of Borderlands:
Borderlands: The Fallen (November 22, 2011),
Borderlands: Unconquered (September 25, 2012),
Borderlands: Gunsight (October 1, 2013),
Borderlands: Debt or Alive, a novel by Anthony Burch based on Tales from the Borderlands, is set to be published in March 2024.

Film

A film adaptation of Borderlands is in production as of April 2021 as a tentpole movie by Lionsgate, with Avi Arad producing with Erik Feig. Gearbox CEO Randy Pitchford and Take-Two Interactive's CEO Strauss Zelnick will serve as executive producers. Craig Mazin will write the script and Eli Roth is to direct the film and co-write the film with Mazin, The film will star Cate Blanchett and Kevin Hart in the lead roles as Lilith and Roland, and will also include Jamie Lee Curtis, Jack Black, Ariana Greenblatt, Florian Munteanu, Haley Bennett, Edgar Ramirez, Olivier Richters, and Janina Gavankar. The film is scheduled to released on August 9, 2024.

Tabletop games
Alongside the reveal of Borderlands 3, Gearbox presented a card game called Borderlands: Tiny Tina's Robot Tea Party. Designed for two to five players and taking 15 minutes a game, the goal is to collect the necessary cards to assemble a specific Claptrap model, but which can be waylaid by action cards played by other players. The game is being published by Gearbox, XYZ Game Labs, and Nerdvana Games.

Notes

References

2K Games franchises
Take-Two Interactive franchises
Embracer Group franchises

Video games adapted into comics
Video games adapted into films
Video games adapted into novels
Video game franchises
Video game franchises introduced in 2009
Video games featuring female protagonists
Video games set on fictional planets
Open-world video games
Fiction about corporate warfare


title: Swedish Wedding Night

text:
Swedish Wedding Night () is a 1964 Swedish drama film directed by Åke Falck. The film won the Guldbagge Award for Best Film and Jarl Kulle won the award for Best Actor at the 2nd Guldbagge Awards.

Cast
 Jarl Kulle as Hilmer Westlund
 Christina Schollin as Hildur Palm
 Edvin Adolphson as Victor Palm
 Isa Quensel as Hilma Palm
 Lars Ekborg as Simon Simonsson
 Lena Hansson as Siri Westlund
 Catrin Westerlund as Irma Palm
 Margaretha Krook as Mary
 Tor Isedal as Rudolf Palm
 Lars Passgård as Martin

References

External links

1964 films
1964 drama films
Swedish drama films
1960s Swedish-language films
Swedish black-and-white films
Best Film Guldbagge Award winners
1960s Swedish films


title: Hackworth valve gear

text:
The Hackworth valve gear is a design of valve gear used to regulate the flow of steam to the pistons in steam engines. It is a radial gear, with an actuating lever driven from the crank. The drive may be taken directly from the crank or indirectly via a return crank (as in all pictures). The other end of the actuating lever is attached to a die block which slides in a slotted link. When the link is vertical, the engine is in mid-gear. Forward, reverse and cut-off adjustments are made by moving the link away from the vertical. The valve rod is pivoted to a point on the actuating lever.

History
The gear was patented by John Wesley Hackworth (1820-1891), son of Timothy Hackworth, in 1859.

Klug's valve gear
Hackworth valve gear was a precursor to Klug's valve gear, but it differs from the latter in that the eccentric rod's suspension point moves to-and-fro in a straight line by means of a die block sliding in a slotted guide.

See also
 Joy valve gear - a design used extensively on the L&YR and LNWR in England, and elsewhere.  A preserved example is LNWR G2a Class number 49395.
 Marshall valve gear - a modified Hackworth gear, patented in 1879 by Marshall, Sons & Co.
 Southern valve gear - Briefly popular in the United States around 1920. It combined elements of the Walschaerts and Baker patterns.

References

Locomotive valve gear
Valve gear


title: Tilbury (band)

text:
Tilbury is an Icelandic rock band with folk influences founded in the summer of 2010. It started as a personal musical project by singer Þormóður Dagsson called Formaður Dagsbrúnar. He had been a drummer in Skakkamange, Jeff Who? and Hudson Wayne.

As the project developed he formed the band Tilbury, with experienced musicians. Kristinn Evertsson from Valdimar on synthesizers, the guitarist Örn Eldjárn  who was in Brother Grass, and bass player Guðmundur Óskar Guðmundsson from Hjaltalin. The drummer Magnús Trygvason Eliassen has also played on Sin Fang, Amiina and Moses Hightower. Based on the depth of musical talent, Icelandic media has dubbed the project a supergroup.

Tilbury has released two albums, the debut Exorcise released on 7 May 2012 followed by Northern Comfort in January 2014.

Members
Þormóður Dagsson - lead vocals - [ Skakkamange, Jeff Who? and Hudson Wayne ]
Kristinn Evertsson - synthesizers  - [ Valdimar ]
Örn Eldjárn - guitar - [ Brother Grass ]
Guðmundur Óskar - bass - [ Hjaltalin ]
Magnús Trygvason Eliassen - drums [ Sin Fang, Amiina and Moses Hightower ]

Discography

Albums
2012: Exorcise
2014: Northern Comfort

Singles
2012: "Tenderloin"
2014: "Northern Comfort"
2022: "Skylights"
2022: "Feel This"

References

External links
Facebook

Icelandic rock music groups
Musical groups from Reykjavík


title: Mwangi wa Iria

text:
H.E. Hon. Mwangi Wa Iria (Born 28 August 1969) is the party leader of Usawa Kwa Wote Party and the immediate Former Governor of Murang'a County in Kenya. He is also the former Vice chairman of the Council of Governors of Kenya, having been elected in January 2019. He was elected on 4th March 2013 and subsequently in August 2017 for his second term. His famous campaign slogan is "Hapa kazi tu" (translated from the native kikuyu language, no wira tu). He won the 2013 Kenyan gubernatorial elections under The National Alliance ticket and 2017 elections under Jubilee Party Ticket.

Education
Wa Iria attended Kiboi primary School and later Weithaga Boys High School. He is also an alumnus of Moi University and received training from the Chartered Institute of Procurement & Supply in the United Kingdom.

Career
Before joining politics, Wa Iria was the Managing Director of New Kenya Cooperative Creameries (KCC). He has also served as National Sales manager of Kenya Breweries Ltd, Managing Director of Ngano Feeds Ltd, CEO of Freshco Seeds and as General Manager of the Commercial Division of Industrial Promotion Services that brings together more than 30 companies owned by the Aga Khan Development Network.

References

External links

1964 births
Living people
County Governors of Kenya
Jubilee Party politicians
Moi University alumni
People from Murang'a County


title: Governor of Alderney

text:
The Governor of Alderney was the title of the Leader of the Channel Island of Alderney between 1660 and 1825. The position eventually became a hereditary governorship after the fief was purchased from the Crown.

History

In 1660, as a reward for his loyalty to the Crown during the English Civil War, Edward de Carteret was granted the title of Governor of Alderney by King Charles II. De Carteret as Governor of Alderney superseded Nicholas Ling, the leader of Alderney as Lieutenant-Governor under Oliver Cromwell, as the leader of Alderney while Ling retained the Lieutenant-Governorship under de Carteret until he died. When de Carteret died, the governorship was in abeyance with acting governors taking the titular leadership of Alderney until 1680 when his widow sold the title to Sir Edmund Andros.

In 1683, Andros was granted the island of Alderney for ninety-nine years in exchange for an annual rent of thirteen shillings. This led to the Governor of Alderney holding a hereditary position similar to the Seigneur of Sark. When Andros was appointed as the Governor of New York and left Alderney for British America, he delegated the role of governor of Alderney to Thomas Le Mesurier, whom he was related to through marriage. After Andros died, the Le Mesurier family took control of the governorship with the initial grant being extended by King George III.

In 1825, the governor, John Le Mesurier III resigned the grant of the island, returning it to the Crown in exchange for an annual pension of £700 (approximately £ in 2014) in an agreement which eventually expired in 1862.

References

Politics of Alderney


title: Dianhydrohexitols

text:
Dianhydrohexitols are heterocyclic compounds with the formula [OCH2CH(OH)CH]2.  These diols are colorless solids that are derived from sugars, and thus are of interest as renewable feedstocks.

The three isomers are obtained by double dehydration of hexitols such as mannitol and sorbitol. The hexitols themselves are obtained by hydrogenation of abundant sugars mannose and glucose. Among these diols the 1,4- and 3,6-dianhydrohexitols are well known under the names isosorbide, isoidide, and isomannide.

1,4:3,6-dianhydrohexitols

References

Diols
Furofurans


title: T'anta Raymi

text:
T'anta Raymi (Quechua t'anta bread, raymi feast, "bread feast") is a religious feast in Peru. It is celebrated annually on October 4 in Oropesa in the Cusco Region, Quispicanchi Province, Oropesa District.

References

Cusco Region
Festivals in Peru
Quechua words and phrases


title: Gebishi railway

text:
The Gebishi railway (), or Gejiu–Bisezhai–Shiping Railway was a   gauge railway that connected Gejiu City and Shiping County with the only existing  mainline in China, the Kunming–Hekou railway. Parts of this railway have been removed; the remaining part, which has been regauged to the 1,000 mm gauge, still exists as the  long Mengbao (Mengzi–Baoxiu) railway.

History

The growth of the system

Plans for the construction of a railway to the tin mines of Gejiu were first made in 1913, just 3 years after the opening of the metre-gauge Kunming–Hai Phong railway (whose Chinese section is known as the Kunming–Hekou railway).

The construction of the Bisezhai–Gejiu railway started on May 15, 1915 using Decauville equipment. The route required eight tunnels as long as  with 3 percent grades and 28-degree curves ( radius). In November 1918, the first section of this railway,  from Bisezhai (the connecting point to the Kunming–Hekou railway) to Jijie station (鸡街站, in Jijie Town of Gejiu City) opened. On November 9, 1921,
the 34.1 km section from Jijie to Gejiu (the Jijie–Gejiu railway, 鸡个铁路) opened as well.

In 1922, construction work started on a branch that ran from Jijie to Lin'an Town (the county seat of Jianshui County). It ran in the general western direction, along the Lin'an River. This branch opened in November 1928. In 1931, work started on a further western extension, from Lin'an to Shiping; it opened on October 10, 1936, the railway thus acquiring its "Gebishi" (Gejiu–Bisezhai–Shiping) configuration. Gejiu Tin-Mining Company freight required  rail. At the time of construction it was the only private railway in China, and was later nationalised and merged into China’s national railways.

In 1959, a new metre-gauge branch was constructed from  Caoba station on the Kunming–Hekou railway to Yuguopu railway station (雨过铺站) of the Gebishi railway (located on the north side of Mengzi City, between Bisezhai and Jijie). Yuguopu then became the new transhipment point between the 600 mm gauge Gebishi railway and Yunnan's metre-gauge rail network, while the old, less conveniently located connection at Bisezhai fell into disuse. Not needed anymore, the easternmost end of the Bisezhai–Jijie line, from Bisezhai to Mengzi,
was removed in 1960–1962. The track removed from the eastern end of the line was used to construct a new extension at its western end, from Shiping to Baoxiu (宝秀; also within Shiping County), in order to provide rail access to the new Longkouchong iron ore mine (龙口冲铁矿). This Shiping–Baoxiu extension was opened in August 1965.

The gauge conversion on the Mengbao line
In 1967–1969, plans were worked out for the  regauging of the Mengzi–Jijie–Shiping–Baoxiu Line (the 143 km long Mengbao Line) to the 1,000 mm gauge, to enable direct railcar interchange with the Kunming–Hekou mainline (via Yuguopo station and the Caoba–Guanjiashan branch). The reconstruction was to also improve the track layout, the  curve radius being increased to .  rail was to be used for the new tracks. KD55 steam locomotives were to be used to pull trains on it. Jijie would become the transhipment point between the Jijie–Gejiu branch (the last remaining 600 mm section of the original Gebishi system) and the 1,000 mm network, with the capacity to process up to 300,000 metric tons  of freight per year.

The regauging project started on January 1, 1970, using rails end equipment moved from other, recently torn down, metre-gauge lines in Yunnan. On October 1, 1970, the first train ran the entire length of the converted Mengabo line; the project was fully completed in May 1971, at the cost of 15 million yuan (105,000 yuan per km). In 1977, the Mengbao line was converted from the manual blocking to the  semi-automatic blocking.

The abandonment of the Jijie–Gejiu branch
In 1977–1978, plans were worked out by the Kunming railway Bureau and the Ministry of railways for the conversion of the Jijie–Gejiu branch to the metre gauge as well. However, they were never  implemented.

In 1985, only two station remained in operation on the Gejiu branch; the passenger service ended.

In August 1991, all service on the  Jijie–Gejiu branch stopped. The tracks were removed in 2008.

The Mengbao line today
In 2003, passenger service on the Mengbao line was terminated. In February 2010, freight service west of Lin'an Town (Jiashui County seat) ceased as well.

More recently, the Mengbao line became viewed as a heritage object, with a tourist potential. Since 2015, an excursion train called, in English, Jianshui Old Train, or in Chinese 建水古城小火车 (Jianshui Gu Cheng Xiao Huoche, i.e. "Jianshui Old City Small Train"), has been running between Lin'an station and Tuanshan station, 12.82 km to the west.

The new standard-gauge Yuxi–Mengzi railway, opened in 2013, serves both Lin'an Town (Jianshui station) and Mengzi City. Between these two cities it follows a route that is fairly similar to that  of the narrow-gauge Mengbao line, but is straighter, due to greater use of tunnels and elevated sections.

Locomotives

Baldwin Locomotive Works built sixteen 0-10-0 locomotives for the line between 1924 and 1929. These locomotives remained operational until the branch was closed in 1990.
Baldwin locomotive number 23 was preserved and is currently displayed in the China Railway Museum; No. 29 is in
Yunnan Railway Museum.

References

Literature
  《云南省志 卷三十四 铁道志》 第一章 铁路修建 第二节 蒙宝铁路 ("The Annals of Yunnan Province". Vol. 34, "The Annals of the Railways", Chapter 1, "Railway Construction", Section 2, "Mengzi–Baoxiu Railway").

600 mm gauge railways in China
Metre gauge railways in China
Rail transport in Yunnan


title: Hendrik Keun

text:
Hendrik Keun (1738 – 1787), was an 18th-century painter from the Northern Netherlands.

Biography
He was born in Haarlem. According to the RKD his cityscapes were inspired by Jan van der Heyden.
according to another biographer he was inspired by the Berckheyde brothers. His view of the Zijlstraat in Haarlem was engraved for the city of Haarlem.
He died in Haarlem.

References

External links

Hendrik Keun on Artnet

1738 births
1787 deaths
18th-century Dutch painters
18th-century Dutch male artists
Dutch male painters
Painters from Haarlem


title: Andronikos Palaiologos (son-in-law of Theodore I)

text:
Andronikos Palaiologos (; died c. 1216) was the son-in-law and heir-apparent of Theodore I Laskaris, Emperor of Nicaea, in the 1210s.

Life
Andronikos is a very obscure figure. As R. Macrides writes, "almost everything that is known about him [...] has been disputed: his identity/name, the date of his marriage, the date of his death, the cause of his death". Nothing is known of his origin and early life, and even his name is uncertain, as the metropolitan of Ephesus, Nicholas Mesarites, who officiated at his marriage, calls him "Constantine Doukas Palaiologos" in a sermon of his. All Byzantine chroniclers on the other hand, beginning with George Akropolites who is the main source on his life, call him Andronikos, and it is usually supposed that the different name in Mesarites' account is a transcription error by a later copyist.

Andronikos is first mentioned by Akropolites as participating in the 1211 campaign against the Latin Empire, which ended with the Nicaean defeat at the Battle of the Rhyndacus. During the course of the campaign, the Latin Emperor Henry of Flanders also took the cities of Lentiana and Poimanenon. Andronikos was evidently one of the main commanders during the siege of Lentiana, and was captured but later released by the Latins. Due to the chronological order of Akropolites' narrative, the marriage of Andronikos with Irene Laskarina, the eldest daughter of the Nicaean emperor Theodore I, was earlier regarded as contemporary with the 1211 events, but is now placed in February 1216. After his marriage Andronikos was elevated to the supreme rank of despot and became Theodore's heir-apparent, since the latter had no sons. He died soon after, however, from an unidentified "sexual condition" according to Akropolites, and Irene was remarried to John Doukas Vatatzes, who eventually succeeded Theodore I as emperor.

References

Sources

12th-century births
1210s deaths
13th-century Byzantine people
12th-century Byzantine people
Despots (court title)
Andronikos
People from the Empire of Nicaea
Heirs apparent who never acceded
Byzantine prisoners of war


title: Mistreatment (film)

text:
Mistreatment (, also known as Assault and Battery) is a 1969 Swedish drama film directed by Lars Lennart Forsberg. The film won the Guldbagge Award for Best Film and Forsberg won the Guldbagge Award for Best Director at the 7th Guldbagge Awards.

Cast
 Knut Pettersen as Knut Nilssen
 Björn Granath as Björn
 Berit Persson as Berit
 Bjoern Kanvert as Dir Hedqvist
 Hans Hellberg as Author

References

External links

1969 films
1969 drama films
Swedish drama films
1960s Swedish-language films
Swedish black-and-white films
Best Film Guldbagge Award winners
Films whose director won the Best Director Guldbagge Award
1960s Swedish films