title: Shaqtin' a Fool

text:
Shaqtin' a Fool is a weekly segment from the television show Inside the NBA, the postgame show of NBA on TNT following the conclusion of National Basketball Association (NBA) games airing on cable TV channel TNT. The title is a play on "actin' a fool." It first aired during the 2011–12 NBA season, when retired NBA All-Star Shaquille O'Neal voiced it upon joining the show and was created by Turner Sports producer Mike Goldfarb. Shaqtin' highlights humorous and uncommon basketball plays that have occurred during NBA games in the past week. O'Neal is the host and presenter, while the other analysts in studio react and provide commentary. Most often, those have been fellow Inside regulars Ernie Johnson, Kenny Smith, and Charles Barkley, but other Inside hosts have also participated, including Chris Webber, Grant Hill, Steve Smith, Kevin Garnett and Matt Winer. Since 2018, the Shaqtin franchise has been led by Turner Sports producer Michael Kaplan.

The segment regularly features NBA players and also includes, but is not limited to, coaches, referees, fans, mascots, and other arena employees. Sometimes they also air clips from other international basketball leagues. On special occasions, the segment features plays which had occurred during the past, including several entire "retro" editions. Each episode tends to have four entries (five until 2018) from the past week, with each entry typically involving a single play (although there are some times where a collection of similar bad plays, such as travels and air ball free throws, are highlighted). Multiple plays may include the same player, and a single play may highlight more than one player.

There is a special award given to certain players, called the "Shaqtin Golden Ticket," which is lifetime immunity from being included in the segment. Since its debut in 2015, four players have been awarded with the award. Those include: current New Orleans Pelicans power forward Larry Nance Jr. (2015 winner), current Philadelphia 76ers small and power forward P. J. Tucker (2016 winner, although he was featured on an episode during the 2018–19 season), 2-time Shaqtin’ MVP, 3-time NBA Champion, and current Dallas Mavericks center JaVale McGee (after his long feud with O'Neal escalated in early 2017, see more in "Shaq's feud with JaVale McGee" section), and current Philadelphia 76ers center Joel Embiid (2018 winner, although he did appear in an episode in the 2022-23 season).

At the conclusion of the NBA postseason, a Shaqtin' a Fool special airs on NBA TV. During the special, O'Neal is joined by Ro Parrish and Dennis Scott, and the top Shaqtin' a Fool plays of the season are shown. On the 2013 special, 34 plays were shown to honor O'Neal's jersey retirement of No. 34 during his tenure with the Los Angeles Lakers. On the 2014 special, only 20 plays were shown. For the 2015 special, the number of plays increased to 30. Since the beginning of the 2013–14 NBA season, fans are able to tweet suggestions for Shaqtin' a Fool.

Shaqtin' a Fool Most Valuable Player

The Shaqtin' a Fool Most Valuable Player (MVP) is an annual award presented at the Shaqtin' a Fool special during the conclusion of the NBA Playoffs. In the 2011–12 and the 2012–13 season, fans voted online for their favorite play of the year, and whichever player whose play accumulated the most votes for that season was awarded with the Shaqtin' a Fool MVP. In the 2013–14 season, the MVP was decided through the most appearances made by one player in a single season. In the event of a tie, fans vote for a player, and the leading candidate receives the award. For the 2014–15 season, three nominees were named and fans voted online for the winner.

Special editions
Other from the season-ending special, occasionally there are other special editions of Shaqtin' a Fool.

All-star edition
Starting with the conclusion of the 2012 All-Star Game, an "All-Star Weekend" edition of Shaqtin' a Fool airs after NBA All-Star Weekend. It highlights bloopers that had occurred in the All Star Weekend events, such as the Slam Dunk Contest, the NBA All-Star Celebrity Game, and the NBA Rising Stars Challenge.

Inside the NBA edition
The April 17th, 2013 edition of Shaqtin''' was devoted to Inside, showing four moments featuring Inside cast members (including two from Charles Barkley), and one from then-Miami Heat power forward/center, Chris Bosh. For example, it included Johnson in a comic dunk contest as "'Elevator' Ernie Johnson".

Shaqtin' a Fool midseason award special
2014
On February 27, 2014, a midseason special named the "Shaqtin's" (parodying the Academy Awards) aired on NBA TV featuring O'Neal, Scott and Greenberg.

2015
For 2015, O'Neal, Scott and Greenberg were joined by Funkmaster Flex, who also presented Flexin' A Fool, reserved for players under 6 feet. Ashanti also made an appearance to put her spin on the intro.

2016
On February 17, 2016, Greenberg hosted the 2016 edition with O'Neal and Scott.

2017
On February 22, 2017, Ro Parrish  hosted the 2017 edition with O'Neal and Scott. In this edition, all winners except Westbrook made an on-camera "acceptance speech" (in Smith's case, Jason Terry, who was also involved in the play, spoke for him). That led to additional plays featured; another windmill dunk by Ross, this time successful (after his asking for it) and two flops O'Neal made during his career (after "Best Actor" winner Marcus Smart accepted the award but implied that O'Neal flopped some times himself as a player).

In addition, O'Neal's mispronouncing of players' names was featured before the Worst Fast Break was presented.

2018
On February 21, 2018, Casey Stern hosted the 2018 edition with O'Neal, Scott and Tony Rock. In this edition, all winners except Stephen Curry and Marcus Smart made an on-camera "acceptance speech" (in Curry's case, Lauri Markkanen, who was also involved in the play, spoke for him). O'Neal spoke on Smart's behalf and also presented a clip of him taking a seven-step travel in a 2010 playoff game.

 2023
After around 5-year hiatus, Shaqtin' a Fool midseason award was back on February 21, 2023. This edition was hosted by Dennis Scott along with Shaquille O'Neal and Josiah Johnson. This award also presented some of Shaq's viral moments during the 2022-23 season in the final segment.

Notes
 : These moments happened when Russell Westbrook and Patrick Beverley played for the Los Angeles Lakers.
 : This moment happened when D'Angelo Russell played for the Minnesota Timberwolves.

"Old School" Edition (2014)"
On December 11, 2014, a special edition of Shaqtin' a Fool, titled "Old School", featured plays which occurred during the 1980s, 90s, 2000s, and a special section showing O'Neal's top bloopers during his career as a player. This edition ran on NBA TV, and showed 5 plays for each category, totaling to 20 plays.

 [1] Walker was included in the same play as Mills

 [2] Buchert is an NBA referee

Shaq's feud with JaVale McGee
The player who was featured most frequently on the show was JaVale McGee, who "won" MVP honors in the first two seasons and was firstly featured on the second episode of the 2011-2012 season. McGee's growing displeasure over his frequent appearances culminated into a heated argument between him and Shaquille O'Neal on February 24, 2017, with tweets exchanged between the two. During the following show, O'Neal declared that the feud was over and McGee's name would "never come out of his mouth again". During the last show of the 2016-17 regular season, when the best plays of the season were selected, a co-host tried to ask O'Neal if there was a chance that any of McGee's plays already shown at the show before the feud would be featured, but O'Neal immediately dismissed the possibility. Since the feud, McGee's former team, the Golden State Warriors, had requested TNT, the network airing the segment, to cease mentions of McGee.

Javale then explained to Shannon Sharpe on his podcast Club Shay Shay''At the time when it was happening, I wasn't in a position to really speak on it to where it would get any push if I would've spoke on it early on. I didn't realise what it was doing to my career until I started to move onto other teams. It was slowly chipping away at my reputation. Perception changes everything. All I have been doing is trying to build my reputation back up.

References

Shaquille O'Neal
National Basketball Association on television
Turner Sports
2011 American television series debuts


title: Mr. Tourism International

text:
Mr. Tourism International is a male beauty pageant realized annual in Panama. The competition gathers more than fifteen contestants around the world searching for one reason: the title of Mister Tourism International. The contest started in 2001 but failed between 2002 until 2010, backing with a new franchise. The current titleholder is José Alfredo Galarza from Puerto Rico.

Winners

Winners by country

Country not able to compete

Winners by Continent

Ranking

References

External links
 Mr. Tourism International page in Pageantopolis

Male beauty pageants


title: Baramba State

text:
Baramba State () was one of the princely states of India during the period of the British Raj. It had its capital in Baramba town. The last ruler acceded to the Indian Union on 1 January 1948. Baramba state was made part of Cuttack district of Odisha in 1948.

History
According to family and court records, Baramba State was founded in 1305 when the land comprising two villages, Sonkha and Mohuri, were granted by the then Eastern Ganga emperor Narasimha Deva II, to a wrestler Hatakeshwar Raut in recognition for his valour. The last ruler of Baramba Princely State signed the accession to the Indian Union on 1 January 1948.

See also
Eastern States Agency
Political integration of India

References

Princely states of Odisha
History of Odisha
Cuttack district
14th-century establishments in India
1305 establishments in Asia
1948 disestablishments in India


title: Mike Laffin

text:
Michael Alexander Laffin (January 12, 1918 – May 23, 2019) was a Canadian politician and dentist. He represented the electoral district of Cape Breton Centre in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 1963 to 1974, and 1981 to 1988. He was a Progressive Conservative.

Career
Laffin was first elected in the 1963 provincial election, defeating New Democrat House leader Michael James MacDonald. He was re-elected in the 1967 and 1970 elections. Laffin was defeated when he ran for re-election in 1974, losing his seat to New Democrat James "Buddy" MacEachern.

In the 1981 election, Laffin returned to politics and defeated MacEachern to regain the seat. Following the election, he was appointed to the Executive Council of Nova Scotia as Minister of Housing. Laffin was re-elected in 1984, and retained his cabinet seat until a cabinet shuffle in November 1985, when he was appointed Minister of Government Services.

On July 24, 1988, Laffin resigned from cabinet and announced that he would not seek re-election in the 1988 election. In August 2012, Laffin was interviewed about his experience as a prisoner of war during World War II.

Personal life
Born in 1918 in New Waterford, Nova Scotia, Laffin was educated at St. Francis Xavier University and McGill University, and was a dentist by career. Laffin died in May 2019 at the age of 101.

References

1918 births
2019 deaths
Members of the Executive Council of Nova Scotia
People from New Waterford, Nova Scotia
Progressive Conservative Association of Nova Scotia MLAs
St. Francis Xavier University alumni
McGill University alumni
Canadian centenarians
Men centenarians


title: Deeplearning4j

text:
Eclipse Deeplearning4j is a programming library written in Java for the Java virtual machine (JVM). It is a framework with wide support for deep learning algorithms. Deeplearning4j includes implementations of the restricted Boltzmann machine, deep belief net, deep autoencoder, stacked denoising autoencoder and recursive neural tensor network, word2vec, doc2vec, and GloVe. These algorithms all include distributed parallel versions that integrate with Apache Hadoop and Spark.

Deeplearning4j is open-source software released under Apache License 2.0, developed mainly by a machine learning group headquartered in San Francisco. It is supported commercially by the startup Skymind, which bundles DL4J, TensorFlow, Keras and other deep learning libraries in an enterprise distribution called the Skymind Intelligence Layer. Deeplearning4j was contributed to the Eclipse Foundation in October 2017.

Introduction
Deeplearning4j relies on the widely used programming language Java, though it is compatible with Clojure and includes a Scala application programming interface (API). It is powered by its own open-source numerical computing library, ND4J, and works with both central processing units (CPUs) and graphics processing units (GPUs).

Deeplearning4j has been used in several commercial and academic applications. The code is hosted on GitHub. A support forum is maintained on Gitter.

The framework is composable, meaning shallow neural nets such as restricted Boltzmann machines, convolutional nets, autoencoders, and recurrent nets can be added to one another to create deep nets of varying types. It also has extensive visualization tools, and a computation graph.

Distributed
Training with Deeplearning4j occurs in a cluster. Neural nets are trained in parallel via iterative reduce, which works on Hadoop-YARN and on Spark. Deeplearning4j also integrates with CUDA kernels to conduct pure GPU operations, and works with distributed GPUs.

Scientific computing for the JVM
Deeplearning4j includes an n-dimensional array class using ND4J that allows scientific computing in Java and Scala, similar to the functions that NumPy provides to Python. It's effectively based on a library for linear algebra and matrix manipulation in a production environment.

DataVec vectorization library for machine-learning
DataVec vectorizes various file formats and data types using an input/output format system similar to Hadoop's use of MapReduce; that is, it turns various data types into columns of scalars termed vectors. DataVec is designed to vectorize CSVs, images, sound, text, video, and time series.

Text and NLP
Deeplearning4j includes a vector space modeling and topic modeling toolkit, implemented in Java and integrating with parallel GPUs for performance. It is designed to handle large text sets.

Deeplearning4j includes implementations of term frequency–inverse document frequency (tf–idf), deep learning, and Mikolov's word2vec algorithm, doc2vec, and GloVe, reimplemented and optimized in Java. It relies on t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) for word-cloud visualizations.

Real-world use cases and integrations
Real-world use cases for Deeplearning4j include network intrusion detection and cybersecurity, fraud detection for the financial sector, anomaly detection in industries such as manufacturing, recommender systems in e-commerce and advertising, and image recognition. Deeplearning4j has integrated with other machine-learning platforms such as RapidMiner, Prediction.io, and Weka.

Machine Learning Model Server

Deeplearning4j serves machine-learning models for inference in production using the free developer edition of SKIL, the Skymind Intelligence Layer. A model server serves the parametric machine-learning models that makes decisions about data. It is used for the inference stage of a machine-learning workflow, after data pipelines and model training. A model server is the tool that allows data science research to be deployed in a real-world production environment.

What a Web server is to the Internet, a model server is to AI. Where a Web server receives an HTTP request and returns data about a Web site, a model server receives data, and returns a decision or prediction about that data: e.g. sent an image, a model server might return a label for that image, identifying faces or animals in photographs.

The SKIL model server is able to import models from Python frameworks such as Tensorflow, Keras, Theano and CNTK, overcoming a major barrier in deploying deep learning models.

Benchmarks
Deeplearning4j is as fast as Caffe for non-trivial image recognition tasks using multiple GPUs. For programmers unfamiliar with HPC on the JVM, there are several parameters that must be adjusted to optimize neural network training time. These include setting the heap space, the garbage collection algorithm, employing off-heap memory and pre-saving data (pickling) for faster ETL. Together, these optimizations can lead to a 10x acceleration in performance with Deeplearning4j.

API Languages: Java, Scala, Python , Clojure & Kotlin
Deeplearning4j can be used via multiple API languages including Java, Scala, Python, Clojure and Kotlin. Its Scala API is called ScalNet.  Keras serves as its Python API.  And its Clojure wrapper is known as DL4CLJ. The core languages performing the large-scale mathematical operations necessary for deep learning are C, C++ and CUDA C.

Tensorflow, Keras & Deeplearning4j

Tensorflow, Keras and Deeplearning4j work together. Deeplearning4j can import models from Tensorflow and other Python frameworks if they have been created with Keras.

See also

 Comparison of deep learning software
 Artificial intelligence
 Machine learning
 Deep learning

References

Deep learning software
Cluster computing
Free data analysis software
Free science software
Free software programmed in Java (programming language)
Java (programming language) software
Free software programmed in Scala
Free statistical software
Hadoop
Image processing
Information technology companies of the United States
Java (programming language) libraries
Java platform
Java programming language family
Natural language processing
Numerical programming languages
Open-source artificial intelligence
Scala (programming language)
Software using the Apache license
Technology companies based in the San Francisco Bay Area


title: Phasmomantis sumichrasti

text:
Phasmomantis sumichrasti is a species of mantis of the family Mantidae.

Range
It is found in Honduras, Mexico, and the United States (Texas),

See also
List of mantis genera and species

References

External links
 Photos of Phasmomantis sumichrasti UKmantisforums.co.uk

Stagmomantinae
Mantodea of North America
Insects of Central America
Insects of Mexico
Insects of the United States
Insects described in 1861


title: Edward B. Fort

text:
Edward Bernard Fort is an American educator, who served as the 8th Chancellor of North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University from 1981 to 1999. He is now Chancellor Emeritus and Professor of Leadership Studies.

Early life and education
Fort, born in Detroit, Michigan, earned a bachelor's degree in history and a master's degree in educational administration from Wayne State University. He later received his doctorate in educational administration from the University of California, Berkeley in 1964.

Early career
Fort's career in education began in 1964, when he worked as a curriculum coordinator for the Detroit Public School system. During this time he also taught as a visiting professor at the University of Michigan. Fort would later go on to serve as an adjunct professor of urban education at the University of Michigan-Dearborn, in 1968 and a visiting professor at Michigan State University in 1974. From there Fort became superintendent of the now defunct Inkster Michigan Public School System, and Sacramento City Unified School District in 1967 and 1971 respectively. From 1974 to 1981, Fort served as chancellor of the University of Wisconsin Colleges, a unit of the University of Wisconsin System comprising 14 two-year colleges.

North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University
On September 1, 1981, Fort assumed the responsibilities of chancellor of North Carolina A&T State University. He would later be inaugurated as the university's eighth chancellor on April 24, 1982. Under Fort's leadership, North Carolina A&T established itself on the national level as a leader in engineering and technology education. During the Fort administration, the university initiated more than 30 new academic programs and awarded its first doctoral degrees in mechanical and electrical engineering. In addition, the university experienced substantial growth as more than $50 million in new construction was completed; including a new building for the College of Engineering and a new Library, as well as nearly $30 million in campus renovations. The university also experienced an increase in enrollment in both domestic and international students. On June 30, 1999, Fort retired as chancellor of the university, and currently serves as a professor of Leadership Studies (Endowed), Chancellor Emeritus and Special Assistant to the Chancellor .

Personal life and legacy
Dr. Fort is married to his wife Lessie Covington (deceased); the two have two children together. The Edward B. Fort Interdisciplinary Research Center (IRC) on the campus of North Carolina A&T was named in his honor in March 1999.

References

1951 births
Living people
North Carolina A&T State University leaders
North Carolina A&T State University faculty
21st-century African-American academics
21st-century American academics
20th-century African-American academics
20th-century American academics
Wayne State University alumni
University of California, Berkeley alumni
Academics from Detroit


title: Alan Gershenhorn

text:
Alan Gershenhorn is an American businessman who was the Executive Vice President and Chief Commercial Officer for United Parcel Service from June 2014 to June 2018. He joined the company in 1979 as a part-time package handler. He became a member of the UPS Management Committee in 2007 to serve as president of UPS International, where he was responsible for the UPS international package, freight forwarding, customs brokerage, and logistics businesses.

He became the company's first Chief Commercial Officer in 2014. In addition to his corporate responsibilities, Gershenhorn served as a Trustee of The UPS Foundation and a delegate of the World Business Council for Sustainable Development. In 2018, Gershenhorn joined 8VC as an advisor to the company. He also has been on the Board of Directors for Beacon Roofing Supply since May 2015.

He was born on Long Island, New York in 1958.

References

1958 births
Living people
American businesspeople
University of Houston alumni
People from Long Island


title: Joe Clayton

text:
Joseph "Joe" P. Clayton (died November 3, 2018) was the former CEO of Dish Network, a Colorado based Direct Broadcast Satellite provider. He both took the role from and was replaced by Charlie Ergen.

Career
From 1992 to 1996, Clayton was executive vice president of marketing and sales in the Americas and Asia at Thomson S.A. (the Consumer Electronics Division at GE). During his tenure as EVP, Clayton was involved in developing and rolling out the consumer equipment for DirecTV.

In 1997, Clayton become the CEO of Frontier Communications (originally Rochester Telephone). He served as CEO of Frontier until September 1999, during which time the company acquired GlobalCenter.

Clayton went on to become president of Global Crossing Ltd, the company that acquired Frontier Communications. He served as president until November 2001.

From 2001 to 2004, Clayton served as the CEO of Sirius XM Holdings, where he launched satellite radio. He then became the president of Sirius until 2008.

In May 2011, Clayton took over the role of CEO of DISH Network from Charlie Ergen. Clayton stepped down from his role in February 2015, and was replaced by Ergen.

Clayton died November 3, 2018 at the age of 69.

References

American business executives
1949 births
2018 deaths
Dish Network


title: Randall Lyon

text:
John Randall Lyon (born 4 March 1952, Trinidad) is a former Trinidad cricketer who played first-class cricket from 1974 to 1983. He toured India in 1978-79 with the West Indian team but did not play Test cricket.

A wicket-keeper and lower-order batsman, Randall Lyon made his first-class debut for North Trinidad in the Texaco Cup in the 1973-74 season. He first played for Trinidad in the 1975-76 Shell Shield, when he led the competition's fielding statistics with 11 dismissals, including five stumpings off the spin bowling of Raphick Jumadeen and Inshan Ali. He continued to play for Trinidad in 1976-77 and 1977-78, making his only first-class fifty against Barbados in 1977-78.

With most of the senior West Indian cricketers playing World Series Cricket in Australia in the 1978-79 season, Lyon was one of several inexperienced players to be selected for the tour of India. He played in most of the first-class matches outside the Tests. He continued to play for Trinidad until the end of the 1982-83 season.

Until Brendan Nash played in 2008, Lyon was the last white cricketer to represent the West Indies. He lives in Trinidad, where he has coached young wicket-keepers.

References

External links
 Randall Lyon at Cricket Archive
 Randall Lyon at Cricinfo

1952 births
Living people
North Trinidad cricketers
Trinidad and Tobago cricketers


title: The Girlfriend Experience (TV series)

text:
The Girlfriend Experience is an American anthology drama television series created, written, and directed by Lodge Kerrigan and Amy Seimetz that is broadcast on the premium cable network Starz. The first season stars Riley Keough as Christine Reade, a law student intern who also works as a high-end escort. Executive produced by Steven Soderbergh, it is based on the 2009 film of the same name. A 13-episode first season premiered on April 10, 2016, and all episodes were made available on Starz On Demand.

On August 1, 2016, Starz renewed the series for a 14-episode second season, focusing on new characters and storylines, with Seimetz and Kerrigan returning. The second season premiered on November 5, 2017.

In July 2019, Starz renewed the series for a 10-episode third season, which is written and directed by Anja Marquardt and stars Julia Goldani Telles. The third season premiered on May 2, 2021.

Plot

Season 1
Second-year Chicago-Burnham Law School student Christine Reade lands an internship at the law firm of Kirkland & Allen and struggles to balance her workload, expenses and classes. When her close friend Avery reveals that she has been working as an escort, she encourages Christine to tag along and introduces her to a friend of one of her clients, who is looking for an escort. Under the pseudonym "Chelsea Rayne", Christine works as a high-end escort specializing in providing "the girlfriend experience" (GFE), an array of sexual and other associated services intended to make the client feel both sexually and emotionally satisfied. Initially working for Avery's madam Jacqueline, Christine eventually strikes out on her own, experiencing pitfalls along the way as clients cross boundaries and she discovers corruption at Kirkland & Allen.

Season 2
The second season features two parallel storylines. One storyline, set in Washington, D.C., takes place during the upcoming U.S. midterm elections and follows Erica Myles, a finance director of a Republican super PAC, and Anna Garner, a GFE provider. Under intense pressure to deliver on her fundraising goals, Erica enlists Anna's help in blackmailing a high-powered dark money fundraiser. The other storyline, set in New Mexico, follows Bria Jones, a former high-end escort who enters the Witness Protection Program with her estranged thirteen-year-old step-daughter to escape an abusive relationship. However, she revives her career as an escort, which threatens Bria's new identity and well-being of her step-daughter and the U.S. Marshal put in charge of her.

Season 3
Iris, a neuroscience major, drops out of school and moves to London to join a tech start-up that is studying human behavior. As she begins to explore the transactional world of the girlfriend experience, she quickly learns that her client sessions provide her with a compelling edge in the tech world and vice-versa.

Cast and characters

Main

Season 1: Christine
 Riley Keough as Christine Reade
 Paul Sparks as David Tellis
 Mary Lynn Rajskub as Erin Roberts

Season 2: Erica & Anna
 Anna Friel as Erica Myles
 Louisa Krause as Anna Garner
 Narges Rashidi as Darya Esford

Season 2: Bria
 Carmen Ejogo as Bria Jones/Sarah Day
 Tunde Adebimpe as Ian Olsen
 Harmony Korine as Paul
 Morgan Davies as Kayla Fairchild

Season 3: Iris
 Julia Goldani Telles as Iris Stanton

Recurring

Season 1
 Kate Lyn Sheil as Avery Suhr
 Alexandra Castillo as Jacqueline
 Amy Seimetz as Annabel Reade
 Aidan Devine as Martin Bayley
 Sugith Varughese as Tariq Barr
 Michael Therriault as Skip Hadderly
 Sabryn Rock as Kayla Boden
 James Gilbert as Jack

Season 2
 Emily Piggford as Sandra Fuchs
 Michael Cram as Mark Novak

Season 3
 Charles Edwards as Elliott Stanton
 Jemima Rooper as Leanne
 Ray Fearon as Paul
 Enzo Cilenti as Sean
 Talisa Garcia as V Recruiter
 Armin Karima as Hiram
 Alexandra Daddario as Tawny
 Oliver Masucci as Georges Verhoeven
 Frank Dillane as Christophe
 Daniel Betts as Rupert
 Tobi Bamtefa as Brett
 Peter Guinness as Lief

Episodes

Season 1 (2016)

Season 2 (2017)

Season 3 (2021)

Production
In June 2014, the series was greenlit by Starz, with a 13-episode order with the series being based upon The Girlfriend Experience which was directed by Steven Soderbergh who also serves as an executive producer on the series, while Lodge Kerrigan and Amy Seimetz, wrote and directed all 13 episodes and also serve as executive producers. In September 2014, Riley Keough was cast as the female lead. Shane Carruth composed the musical score for the series. Principal photography took place in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

In January 2017, it was announced that Louisa Krause, Anna Friel and Carmen Ejogo were cast as the three female leads of season 2. The second season features two parallel storylines, with Kerrigan and Seimetz each writing and directing their own storyline. In March, Narges Rashidi joined the cast of the series. Although there is no crossover between the storylines and Kerrigan and Seimetz worked independently, they did read each other's scripts. In an interview with Variety, Kerrigan said: "We respected each other’s work, and I think we have mutual respect as filmmakers, so we read each other’s scripts and watched each other’s episodes, but really, we just did our own thing."

In September 2017, Kerrigan and Seimetz indicated that they would not return for a third season. Kerrigan explained, "Amy and I are going to bounce after season two which was always the plan to allow new filmmakers to come in."

In July 2019, Starz renewed the series for a 10-episode third season, to be written and directed by Anja Marquardt. Filming for the third season began on August 20, 2020, in London, England.

Reception

Critical response
The first season of The Girlfriend Experience received positive reviews from critics, earning a rating of 85% with an average score of 8.5 out of 10, based on 40 reviews, on the review-aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes. The site's critical consensus reads: "The darkly fascinating (and utterly bingeworthy) The Girlfriend Experience powers past any shortcomings with a breakout performance by Riley Keough." Metacritic provides a score of 78 out of 100 from 27 critics, which indicates "generally favorable reviews". Matt Zoller Seitz, reviewing for Vulture, gave top praises to the series, stating that "The Girlfriend Experience is actually four or five shows rolled into one, and a big part of its specialness resides in those moments where it morphs from one thing into another", as well as giving high praise especially to the season finale: "[It] is the most daring, dense, allusive, and multilayered single episode of TV I’ve seen since the finale of season three of Louie".

The second season received positive reviews from critics. On Rotten Tomatoes, it has a 74% rating with an average score of 9.4 out of 10 based on 19 reviews. The site's critical consensus reads, "The Girlfriend Experience reinvents itself from a character study into an ensemble piece, thoughtfully unpacking thorny aspects of sexuality and providing rigorous programming for viewers who want to be both challenged and titillated". On Metacritic, it has a score of 72 out of 100 based on 6 reviews. Writing for Collider, Chris Cabin gave it a four star review and wrote that it's "one of the greatest seasons of television that 2017 has produced thus far." Writing for Variety, Sonia Saraiya felt that while the second season was "still directed and produced beautifully, with a soundscape so precise and intimate that it is haunting and immersive in a way little else on television can even approach", sex work and "even the sex worker herself" had become "secondary to the aims of the filmmaker", particularly in Erica & Anna, but that both storylines had fine qualities: "'Bria' is cinematically stunning, with a few sequences that are going to be hard to forget anytime soon. 'Erica & Anna' is a much more straightforward story, with a chilly aesthetic that makes 'House of Cards' look upbeat. But the relative opacity of 'Bria’s story' beats — and the oddly pat metaphors of 'Erica & Anna' — left me with the wish that these two well-matched directors might, you know, collaborate."

The third season has received somewhat positive reviews from critics.  On Metacritic, it has a score of 76 out of 100 based on 6 reviews.

Accolades
For the 74th Golden Globe Awards, Riley Keough was nominated for Best Actress in a Miniseries or Television Film.

Home media
Amazon Video acquired rights to the series for the United Kingdom, Germany, Austria and Japan, with the series premiering on June 27, 2016, excluding Japan. The first season was released on Blu-ray and DVD in region 1 on August 2, 2016.

References

External links

2010s American LGBT-related drama television series
2016 American television series debuts
2021 American television series endings
2010s American anthology television series
2020s American anthology television series
English-language television shows
Erotic drama television series
Live action television shows based on films
Prostitution in American television
Serial drama television series
Starz original programming
Television shows filmed in Toronto
Television shows set in Chicago
Television shows set in London
Television shows set in New Mexico
Television shows set in Washington, D.C.


title: La Guzmán: Primera Fila

text:
La Guzmán: Primera Fila is a live album released by Alejandra Guzmán on December 3, 2013.

Track listing

Singles

Tour
To support the album, Guzmán launched the "La Guzman 1F Tour", which included dates in the United States, at Los Angeles, Las Vegas, Houston, Miami and Puerto Rico.

Charts

Certification

References

2013 live albums
Alejandra Guzmán live albums
Pop rock albums by Mexican artists
Primera Fila albums
Sony Music Latin live albums
Spanish-language live albums


title: Ripley A. Arnold

text:
Ripley A. Arnold (1817–1853) was a major in the United States Army and founder of Camp Worth in 1849, later renamed Fort Worth, Texas. In 2014 a 22-foot statue was dedicated to Arnold. It was erected along the Trinity River below the army camp site he established and named after one of his military commanders.

Early life
Arnold was born in Pearlington, Mississippi, on January 17, 1817, to Willis Arnold.

Army life
He was appointed to West Point in 1834 and graduated thirty-third in his class. He was sent to the Second Dragoons in Florida in 1838 and brevetted captain in 1842 for gallantry in the Seminole War and major in 1846 for his role in the battle of Palo Alto. After the Mexican–American War, he was given command of Company F of the Second Dragoons and sent to Texas to establish a military post close to the Trinity River. After locating a suitable site, Arnold left Fort Graham with 42 dragoons to establish Camp Worth, named after his former commanding officer, who had recently died of cholera in San Antonio. It was completed by the winter of 1849 and later renamed Fort Worth.

Personal life
He eloped with Catherine Bryant on August 26, 1839.

Death
Ripley Arnold was killed by Josephus Steiner in a duel at Fort Graham, Texas, where Arnold was the commanding officer and Steiner the physician. He was buried at Fort Graham, and was reinterred and reburied in Fort Worth at Pioneers Rest Cemetery.

References

American military personnel of the Mexican–American War
American military personnel of the Indian Wars
Military personnel from Mississippi
Military personnel from Texas
1817 births
1853 deaths
People from Hancock County, Mississippi
Burials at Pioneers Rest (Fort Worth, Texas)


title: Coleman Classics Volume 1

text:
Coleman Classics Volume 1 is a live album by pianist Paul Bley, saxophonist Ornette Coleman, trumpeter Don Cherry, drummer Billy Higgins and bassist Charlie Haden recorded in California in 1958 and released Bley's on the Improvising Artists label in 1977. The album is an early live recording of Ornette Coleman, made shortly after his first album, Something Else!!!! and featuring the group (without Bley) that would soon record the Atlantic albums The Shape of Jazz to Come (1959) and Change of the Century (1960).

Reception

Allmusic reviewer Scott Yanow observed: "Coleman already had his very original style pretty much together at this early stage. Paul Bley was wise enough to mostly stay out of the way and he clearly benefited from this encounter with some of the pioneers of free jazz".

Track listing
All compositions by Ornette Coleman except as indicated
 "When Will The Blues Leave" - 14:06
 "Crossroads" - 2:00
 "Rambling" - 14:28
 "How Deep Is the Ocean" (Irving Berlin) - 4:40

Personnel
Paul Bley - piano
Ornette Coleman - alto saxophone
Don Cherry - cornet
Charlie Haden - bass
Billy Higgins - drums

References

1977 live albums
Paul Bley live albums
Ornette Coleman live albums
Improvising Artists Records live albums


title: Mukhtiar Singh Malik

text:
Mukhtiar Singh Malik (1913- 2008)  was a member of Lok sabha and Rajya Sabha from Haryana He was a leader of Bharatiya Janata Party. He had also been a member of Haryana Legislative Assembly .

References

2008 deaths
1913 births
Lok Sabha members from Haryana
Rajya Sabha members from Haryana
Bharatiya Jana Sangh politicians
India MPs 1971–1977
India MPs 1977–1979
Haryana MLAs 1966–1967
Haryana MLAs 1968–1972
Bharatiya Janata Party politicians from Haryana


title: Henry Keizer

text:
Judicus Marinus Henricus Jacobus "Henry" Keizer (4 November 1960 – 5 October 2019) was a Dutch businessman who served as Chairman of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy, the leading political party in the Netherlands.

Keizer was elected on 14 June 2014. On 26 May 2015, Keizer stated that the Netherlands should introduce an electoral threshold. He also declared that he would make integrity a central theme.

In April 2017 the Dutch platform for investigative journalism Follow the Money (FTM) published an article that accused Henry Keizer and three partners claiming that they had unfairly enriched themselves by buying an enterprise at a price that was below the actual value. It was also claimed that there was a conflict of interest, as Keizer was also an advisor to the sellers. Keizer denied the allegations and stated that they had done nothing wrong and claimed that the take-over was based on independent audit reports. The former owners of the company officially supported this statement.

His party for the time being decided not to consult its Integrity Committee. Later on at the request of Keizer the Integrity Committee of the VVD did start an investigation. Pending the results he decided to temporarily suspend his duties as president of the VVD.

On 15 May 2017 Pieter Lakeman of the Dutch Foundation for Research Business Information (SOBI) filed a complaint against Keizer and his partners at the prosecutor's office. SOBI at the same time also filed a disciplinary complaint against the external auditor of the company at the Disciplinary Court for Accountants (Dutch Accountantskamer).

On 18 May 2017 Keizer stepped down as Party Chairman. At the Party Congress later that year Christianne van der Wal was elected as his successor.

On 29 January 2018, the Dutch ‘Accountantskamer’ ruled and rejected all complaints and accusations against the accountant made by SOBI.

On 2 July 2019, the Dutch Ministry of Justice and the Fiscal Intelligence and Investigations Service conducted warranted home searches at Keizer's house and four other locations for racketeering and fraud. Assets were seized for a sum of €20 million, after the Fiscal Revenue Service already had filed an additional fiscal revenue claim of €12 million.

References

External links
  Official website

1960 births
2019 deaths
Chairmen of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy
Chairmen of Trade associations of the Netherlands
Politicians from Amsterdam
Dutch corporate directors
Dutch expatriates in the United States
Funeral directors
Businesspeople from Amsterdam
People's Party for Freedom and Democracy politicians


title: My Everything (Ariana Grande album)

text:
My Everything is the second studio album by American singer Ariana Grande, released on August 22, 2014, by Republic Records. In the album's production, Grande worked with a host of producers and co-writers, including Max Martin, Shellback, Benny Blanco, Ryan Tedder, Darkchild, Ilya Salmanzadeh, Zedd, and David Guetta, to name a few.

Grande sought for My Everything to sound as "an evolution" from her debut album Yours Truly (2013); exploring more mature and diverse lyrical content and musical styles. Primarily a pop and R&B record, My Everything expands on the 1990s retro-R&B style of its predecessor, while also approaching new genres such as EDM, electropop and dance-pop. Iggy Azalea, Zedd, Big Sean, Cashmere Cat, Childish Gambino, The Weeknd and A$AP Ferg make guest appearances on My Everything, as well as Jessie J and Nicki Minaj on the deluxe edition.

My Everything debuted atop the Billboard 200 albums chart in the United States, selling 169,000 copies in its first week, marking Grande's second consecutive chart-topper in the US. It was later certified double platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America, and was listed as one of the most popular albums of 2014, 2015 and the 2010s on the Billboard 200. The album debuted at number one in Australia and Canada as well, and peaked in the top ten of twenty countries worldwide. It received generally favorable reviews from music critics, appearing in year-end best-music lists of 2014. At the 57th Annual Grammy Awards in 2015, My Everything was nominated for Best Pop Vocal Album.

My Everything was supported by five singles; all of which reached global success. The lead single, "Problem", broke numerous digital sales records upon release, and peaked at number two on the US Billboard Hot 100. The second single, "Break Free", reached number four in the United States. The following single, "Bang Bang", peaked at number three in the US and topped charts internationally. The fourth and fifth singles, "Love Me Harder" and "One Last Time", peaked at numbers seven and thirteen, respectively, with the latter reaching number two in the United Kingdom. Aided by My Everything's singles, Grande attained the most top ten hits for any artist in 2014 on the Hot 100. To further support the album, Grande embarked on the Honeymoon Tour in 2015.

Background and recording

The singer's debut studio album Yours Truly was released on September 3, 2013, and was met with critical acclaim. Later that month, in an interview with Rolling Stone, Grande stated that she had begun writing and working on her second studio album and had already completed two songs. Recording sessions began in October 2013 with Grande working with previous producers from her debut album Harmony Samuels and Tommy Brown. Grande was initially aiming at releasing the album around February 2014. In January 2014, Grande confirmed she had been working with new producers Ryan Tedder, Savan Kotecha, Benny Blanco, Key Wane and Max Martin. Grande stated in late February that she wanted to name her album after a song she had finished that weekend that is very honest and makes her cry.

It was announced on March 3, 2014, that Grande would be featured on the fifth single from Chris Brown's album X titled "Don't Be Gone Too Long". The single was originally set for release on March 25, 2014. However, it was postponed due to Brown being sent to jail awaiting trial on assault charges. Grande had announced the song's delay on March 17, 2014, via Twitter stating "My loves… so obviously some things have changed recently... So we have to delay the dbgtl countdown, some things are out of our control". That same night she held a live stream to make up for the single's delay, where she previewed four new songs from her second album. Two days following the announcement, Grande revealed that due to the song's delay, she would be releasing the first single from her upcoming second studio album instead. She finished working on the album in late May 2014. On June 28, Grande confirmed the title of the album to be My Everything and the release date to be August 25, 2014. The photos for the packaging in the album were taken on May 27, 2014. Grande stated that she chose the cover artwork because she felt that "each song is so strongly themed that I just wanted to have a very simple overall cover. So that within each song we could create more visual themes."

Music and lyrics
My Everything is a pop-R&B album. It revisits the '90s retro-R&B style present in Grande's debut album Yours Truly: Annie Zaleski from The A.V. Club, described the album as a "slick throwback to melodramatic '80s and '90s pop." The album's tracks include EDM, hip hop tunes and piano-driven ballads. The album opens with "Intro", in which Grande addresses her fans: "I'll give you all I have and nothing less, I promise". The second track is the lead single "Problem", an uptempo dance-pop song influenced by R&B, jazz, hip hop and funk. Rap-Up described the track as an "infectious horn-heavy jam" that features a "carefree" Grande "declaring her independence". It includes "an empowering verse from Iggy Azalea and a whispering Big Sean on the hook." "One Last Time" is a dance-pop and EDM-light song. The album continues with "Why Try", co-written and co-produced by Ryan Tedder and Benny Blanco and features the lyrics "Now we're screaming just to see who's louder". Some critics expressed an opinion that the song has a similar composition with Beyoncé's "XO" (2013; also produced by Tedder).

The following track is the EDM song "Break Free". The song combines the EDM and electro genres. In an interview with Billboard, Grande described the song as "fantastic and super-experimental for [her]" and stated: "I never thought I'd do an EDM song, but that was an eye-opening experience, and now all I want to do is dance." The album's first of three ballads, "Best Mistake", features Big Sean. Billboard described it as "A moody ballad that grows stickier upon each listen, "Best Mistake" carries a tidy collection of impressive production details, the momentary string stabs among them". Musically, it is a minimal hip-hop piano ballad lament that utilizes instrumentation from strings and a drum machine. It tells a story about a couple trying to "make up their minds about the future of their relationship, with deep affection buried underneath their problems." "Be My Baby" featuring Cashmere Cat is a "bouncy R&B jam". The song was compared with Mariah Carey's songs. The eighth track, "Break Your Heart Right Back", featuring Childish Gambino, is about her boyfriend cheating on her with a man and contains the lyrics "I know you're mad 'cause I found out / Want you to feel what I feel right now". The song interpolates Diana Ross's "I'm Coming Out."

"Love Me Harder", featuring The Weeknd, is a mid-tempo synthpop and R&B song, which starts small before its "'throbbing', electro-heavy chorus", with a guitar riff, while "big vacuum-esque synths zip" can be heard throughout the track. Rob Copsey wrote for The Official Charts Company that the song reminded him of Drake at his most emotional. Lyrically, the song has Grande demanding romantic satisfaction, using double entendres about BDSM. The track "Just a Little Bit of Your Heart" is the album's second ballad, co-written by Harry Styles. Official Charts compared the eleventh track, "Hands on Me", featuring ASAP Ferg, with Rihanna's "Cockiness (Love It)" (2012) and Azalea's "Fancy" (2014). Jason Lipshutz of Billboard described "Hands on Me" as "an out-of-left-field banger that removes Grande from her teenybopper phase and finds the 21-year-old discovering her inner Rihanna with lines." The title track "My Everything" concludes the standard edition of the album on a somber note, recalling "Intro", and concerns Grande's struggles to regain the solid footing she once had with her partner.

The first bonus track on deluxe edition, "Bang Bang", featuring Jessie J and Nicki Minaj is an up-tempo, "soulful" song that features a "clap-heavy" production built over "big bouncy beats and horn blasts". The next track was described by Billboard as "short, snappy and sumptuous, 'Only 1' is a light confection that succeeds due to its busy, intricate percussion". The deluxe edition of My Everything concludes with the track "You Don't Know Me".

Release and promotion

On June 28, 2014, Grande announced that her album would be available for pre-order through her website. Those who pre-ordered the album would get exclusive access to Grande's concert stream that will be held on August 24 where she will perform songs from her album live for the first time. Grande embarked on her first world tour titled The Honeymoon Tour in support of the album which began in February 2015.

In the weeks preceding the release of My Everything, several previews of songs from the album were released. On July 7, 2014, Grande posted a teaser of "Best Mistake" onto her Instagram page. The song features rapper Big Sean. On July 27, 2014, a preview of "Be My Baby" was filmed at a concert of featured artist, Cashmere Cat, and uploaded to YouTube, by a fan. Grande retweeted a link to the video on her Twitter profile. She then retweeted a second snippet on August 4. Twenty days before the album's release, Grande released a preview of "Love Me Harder", which features Canadian recording artist The Weeknd, onto her Instagram profile. On August 20, four songs from the album, "Why Try", "Be My Baby", "Love Me Harder", and "Just a Little Bit of Your Heart", were released courtesy of MTV.

On August 24, Grande opened the 2014 MTV Video Music Awards with "Break Free" and then later appeared to perform "Bang Bang" with Jessie J and Nicki Minaj. Following her performance on the show, My Everything was released worldwide on August 25, 2014. During the week of its release, commercials aired on television to promote My Everything as well as the Beats Pill. On August 29, Grande performed "Problem", "Break Free", "Bang Bang", and "Break Your Heart Right Back" on The Today Show. In addition to performing, Grande was also interviewed, forecasted to weather and brought her grandmother for an interview of her own. On September 5, Grande performed the title track from My Everything during the Stand Up to Cancer television program in dedication to her grandfather, who had died from cancer earlier that year.

Singles
Grande premiered her first single "Problem", which features Australian rapper Iggy Azalea, at the 2014 Radio Disney Music Awards and released it for digital download later that night on April 28, 2014. The song debuted at number three on the Billboard Hot 100 and sold 438,000 units in its first week making it the fifth largest debut by a woman in history. The single later peaked at number two on the Hot 100, holding that position for five non-consecutive weeks. The single has sold 3.7 million copies in the US and has been certified sextuple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) in March 2016.

The second single, "Break Free", features electronic music producer Zedd and was released on July 2, 2014. The song debuted at number 15 on the Billboard Hot 100 with 161,000 downloads sold in its first week. After the release of the song's music video, "Break Free" soared on the Hot 100 from number 18 to number four, while Grande's other singles, "Bang Bang" and "Problem" were also in the top ten that week, at numbers ten and seven respectively. With three songs in the top ten, Ariana Grande became the second female lead artist to have three singles in the top ten since Adele in 2012. It also reached number one on the Billboard Dance/Electronic Digital Songs chart. "Break Free" has sold 1.9 million copies as of June 2020, and is certified triple platinum by the RIAA.

"Bang Bang" by Jessie J, Ariana Grande, and Nicki Minaj, was first sent to hot adult contemporary radios on July 28, 2014, through Republic Records, the label that houses all three artists, being released as a digital download on July 29, 2014, through Lava and Republic, serving as a joint single. It serves as the lead single from Jessie J's album Sweet Talker, and the third single from My Everything. The song debuted at number six, and peaked at number three on the Hot 100, while debuting atop the UK Singles Chart. As of November 2017, "Bang Bang" was certified sextuple platinum by the RIAA, and has sold 3.5 million copies in the US since its release.

The fourth single, "Love Me Harder", which features Canadian PBR&B artist The Weeknd, was released to rhythmic crossover radio on September 30, 2014. It debuted at number 79, and later peaked at number seven on the Hot 100, making Grande the artist with the most top-ten singles in 2014. It also became The Weeknd's first top ten entry in the United States. As of April 2018, the song had sold 1.3 million copies in the United States and has been certified triple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).

"One Last Time" was released to rhythmic crossover and contemporary hit radio stations on February 10, 2015, as the fifth and final single. It debuted at number 80 on the Hot 100 and peaked at number 13, becoming the only single from the album to not reach the top ten. As of June 2020, "One Last Time" has sold 918,000 digital units in the US, and is certified Platinum by the RIAA.

Promotional singles
"Best Mistake" featuring Big Sean was released on August 12, 2014, as a promotional single to those who preorder the album. It sold 104,000 units in its first week landing at number six on the Digital Songs chart. It also peaked at number 49 on the Billboard Hot 100.

Critical reception

On Metacritic, which assigns a weighted average score out of 100 to ratings and reviews from mainstream critics, My Everything received an average of 64, based on 19 reviews, which the cite defines as "generally favorable reviews". Rob Sheffield, writing for Rolling Stone, says, "My Everything proves, she's already a major force" on a release showing how Grande is growing up because "It's a confident, intelligent, brazen pop statement, mixing bubblegum diva vocals with EDM break-beats." Adam Markovitz says for Entertainment Weekly how "Grande has picked a set of songs so lyrically bland, sonically inoffensive, and artistically empty that they produce a zero-impact experience—musical vanilla fro-yo poured directly into your ears." Markovitz states, "It's by no means painful; there are even moments of fun, including the thigh-high-boot swagger of summer smashes 'Problem' and 'Bang Bang,' both of which borrow their strut from coheadliners Iggy Azalea and Jessie J with Nicki Minaj, respectively." Mikael Wood, writing on behalf of the Los Angeles Times, finds Grande in impressive form because she is "deeply cheerful yet with guns blazing, an innocent newcomer no more."

Elysa Gardner, on behalf of USA Today, writes that Grande "digs into ballads and more emotionally earnest fare" simultaneously, doing so with a "girlish playfulness... and a sense of growing confidence", and she is "Blending sugar and spice" together to create a pleasing concoction to satisfy the varying palates of her supporters." Stephen Thomas Erlewine says for AllMusic that "Grande doesn't embody the songs the way an old-fashioned diva would, but she functions as a likeable pop ringleader, stepping aside when the track calls for it and then unleashing a full-throated wail when it's her time to shine." Jason Lipshutz from Billboard writes that the album "turned Grande into a dance artist, pop artist, and soul artist" with a more uniformed and more mature sound. Gary Graff says on behalf of The Oakland Press that it is "a solid step forward for Grande, which makes 'there's more to see' an intriguing promise rather than a threat." In a 7.7 out of ten review for Pitchfork, Meaghan Garvey explains how it "feels like Grande's arrival as a true pop fixture, not just a charming novelty... and while the best songs here may not be timeless, they certainly feel right for right now." The album was placed at number eleven on Digital Spys Best Albums of 2014 list. Jessica Goodman and Ryan Kistobak of The Huffington Post included the album on their list of 2014's best releases, commenting that the album makes sure "Grande's sheer talent did not go unnoticed".

In a more mixed review, Jim Farber from the New York Daily News writes that Grande's "sexed-up" vocals and range are shown off but the "constant jerking back and forth between styles interrupts any sense of flow." Caroline Sullivan from The Guardian praises Grande's vocals but feels that the songs are indistinct and have a "facelessness" to them. Annie Zaleski writes for The A.V. Club how it "is so well-constructed and designed to succeed, it rarely loosens up enough to let any depth of character (or real surprises) surface", yet it "further establishes Grande as a consummate performer and vocal interpreter." Kitty Empire from The Observer notes that Grande's vocal ability is showcased but that the songs lack personality. Evan Sawdey, writing for PopMatters, commented that Grande mimicks other artists, leaving her distinguished voice with only the support of hollow lyricism. In agreement, Will Robinson rated the album a 2.5 out of five for Sputnikmusic, saying it "ends up ringing hollow". Writing for Vibe magazine, Adelle Platon was positive towards the album's sound and compared Grande's vocals to those of Mariah Carey and Christina Aguilera. Andrew Chan, writing on behalf of Slant Magazine, stated that Grande "emphasizes the sheer fun of singing over any sense of emotional urgency", yet "What her voice lacks in depth, texture, and variety will probably take time to acquire."

More than three years after the album's release, Grande's graceful, yet precarious, kneeling pose on a stool for the album's cover suddenly became a viral subject on Twitter, spawning a humorous conspiracy theory, memes, a "challenge" taken up by many to try to recreate the pose, and international press coverage.

Accolades

Commercial performance
On August 27, Billboard reported that My Everything would sell over 160,000 copies in its first week. My Everything officially debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 and sold 169,000 copies in its first week. By doing so, Grande attained her second consecutive number-one album in the country, becoming the first female artist to have her first two albums debut at number one since Scottish singer Susan Boyle did it with I Dreamed a Dream (2009) and The Gift (2010). The album has sold 759,000 copies in the United States as of April 2018. In March 2016, the RIAA certified the album double platinum, for combined album sales, on-demand audio, video streams, track sales equivalent of two million album-equivalent units. In Japan, My Everything remained atop the iTunes Store chart for nine weeks, thus earning Grande the longest at number one in 2014, breaking the previous record held by Frozen: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack.

In 2015, My Everything was ranked as the 17th most popular album of the year on the Billboard'' 200.

Track listing

Notes
 denotes a vocal producer
 denotes a co-producer
 denotes a remixer

Sample credits
"Problem" interpolates lyrics from "99 Problems" by Jay-Z.
"Break Your Heart Right Back" contains elements of both "Mo Money Mo Problems" by The Notorious B.I.G. and "I'm Coming Out" by Diana Ross.
"Only 1" samples "Make The Music With Your Mouth, Biz" by Biz Markie feat. T.J. Swan.
"Cadillac Song" contains samples from "How Love Hurts" written by Leon Sylvers.

Personnel
Adapted from album liner notes.

Vocal credits
Ariana Grande – lead vocals
Big Sean – featured artist, background vocals
Iggy Azalea – featured artist
The Weeknd – featured artist
ASAP Ferg – featured artist
Childish Gambino – featured artist
Victoria McCants – background vocals
Savan Kotecha – background vocals
Ilya – background vocals
Jeanette Olsson – background vocals
Max Martin – background vocals
Sibel – background vocals
Joi Gilliam – background vocals
Taura Stinson – background vocals
Chonita "N'Dambi" Gillespie – background vocals
Rickard Goransson – background vocals

Managerial and creative
Andre Marsh – A&R coordinator
Wendy Goldstein – A&R, executive producer
Naim Alli McNair – A&R
Jessica Severn – album design
Ariana Grande – executive producer
Scott "Scooter" Braun – executive producer, management
Allison Kaye – management
Tom Munro – photographer
Donna Gryn – marketing manager
Brad Haugen – marketing manager
Laura Hess – marketing manager

Technical

Ariana Grande – executive producer, vocal producer
Victoria McCants –  vocal producer
Tommy Brown – producer, programmer, engineer
Serban Ghenea – mixing
John Hanes – mixing engineer
Tom Coyne – mastering
Aya Merrill – mastering
Ilya –  producer, vocal producer, guitar, bass, keys, programmer
Max Martin – producer, vocal producer, keys, programmer
Savan Kotecha – producer, vocal producer
Shellback – producer, keys, programmer
Peter Carlsson – vocal producer, engineer, vocal engineer
Sam Holland – engineer
Leon Silva – saxophone
Rami Yacoub – producer, vocal producer, programmer
Carl Falk –  producer, programmer, guitar
Eric Weaver – engineer
Benjamin Levin – producer, programmer, instrumentation
Ryan Tedder – producer, programmer, instrumentation
Noel Zancanella –  producer, programmer, instrumentation
Chris Sclafani – engineer
Matthew Tryba – engineer
Bradford H. Smith – assistant engineer
Phil Seaford – assistant mixing engineer
Andrew Luftman – production coordinator
Seif Hussain – production coordinator
Anton Zaslavski – producer, mixing, programmer, instrumentation
Ryan Shanahan – engineer
Jesse Taub – engineer
Cory Brice – engineer
Dwane Weir – producer
Sauce – vocal producer
Magnus August Hoiberg – producer, programmer, instrumentation
Peder Losnegard – producer, programmer, instrumentation
Pop Wansel – producer
Oak Felder – producer
Kevin Guardado – assistant producer
Peter Svenssin – producer
Ali Payami – producer, programmer, bass, drums, keyboard, percussion
Jason Quenneville – engineer
Niklas Ljungfelt – guitar
Peter Zimney – saxophone
Johan Carlsson – producer, vocal producer, programmer, instrumentation
Mattias Bylund – strings
Rodney Jerkins – producer, instrumentation
Paul Dawson – producer, instrumentation
Matt Champlin – recorder
Kim Lumpkin – production coordinator
Rickard Goransson – producer, programmer, percussion
Jonas Thander – horns
Travis Sayles – producer, instrumentation
Harmony Samuels –  producer, instrumentation
Carmen Reece – vocal arranger
Jose Cardoza – engineer, recorder
Jo Blaq – vocal producer

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Decade-end charts

Certifications and sales

Release history

See also
 List of number-one albums of 2014 (Norway)
 List of number-one albums of 2014 (Australia)
 List of number-one albums of 2014 (Canada)
 List of number-one albums of 2014 (U.S.)

References

2014 albums
Albums produced by Benny Blanco
Albums produced by Carl Falk
Albums produced by Harmony Samuels
Albums produced by Ilya Salmanzadeh
Albums produced by Johan Carlsson
Albums produced by Key Wane
Albums produced by Max Martin
Albums produced by Oak Felder
Albums produced by Rami Yacoub
Albums produced by Rodney Jerkins
Albums produced by Ryan Tedder
Albums produced by Shellback (record producer)
Albums produced by Tommy Brown (record producer)
Ariana Grande albums
Republic Records albums


title: 162d Depot Brigade (United States)

text:
The 162d Depot Brigade was a training and receiving formation of the United States Army during World War I.

History
Secretary of War Newton Baker authorized Major General Samuel Sturgis to organize the 162d Depot Brigade, an element of the 87th Division (National Army). It was later detached and placed directly under Camp Pike, Arkansas, as an independent unit. The brigade filled two purposes: one was to train replacements for the American Expeditionary Forces (AEF); the other was to act as a receiving unit for men sent to camps by local draft boards. Commanded by Brigadier General Benjamin A. Poore beginning in August 1917, during most of 1918 the brigade was commanded by Brigadier General Frederick B. Shaw.

Purpose
The role of depot brigades was to receive and organize recruits, provide them with uniforms, equipment and initial military training, and then send them to France to fight on the front lines.  The depot brigades also received soldiers returning home at the end of the war and completed their out processing and discharges.  Depot brigades were often organized, reorganized, and inactivated as requirements to receive and train troops rose and fell, and later ebbed and flowed during post-war demobilization.

Depot brigades were organized into numbered battalions (1st Battalion, 2d Battalion, etc.), which in turn were organized into numbered companies.

The major U.S. depot brigades organized for World War I, which remained active until after post-war demobilization included: 151st (Camp Devens); 152d (Camp Upton); 153d (Camp Dix); 154th (Camp Meade); 155th (Camp Lee); 156th (Camp Jackson); 157th (Camp Gordon); 158th (Camp Sherman); 159th (Camp Taylor); 160th (Camp Custer); 161st (Camp Grant); 162d (Camp Pike); 163d (Camp Dodge); 164th (Camp Funston); 165th (Camp Travis); 166th (Camp Lewis); and 167th (Camp McClellan).

See also
 Formations of the United States Army during World War I
 Timeline of World War I
 United States home front during World War I

Notes

References

1917 establishments in Arkansas
1919 disestablishments in Arkansas
Military units and formations established in 1917
Military units and formations disestablished in 1919
United States Army depot brigades of World War I


title: Aristarchian symbols

text:
Aristarchian symbols are editorial marks developed during the Hellenistic period and the early Roman empire for annotating then-ancient Greek texts—mainly the works of Homer. They were used to highlight missing text, text which was discrepant between sources, and text which appeared in the wrong place.

Two main types of ancient Greek philological annotations can be distinguished: signs and explicit notes. Aristarchian symbols are signs.

Early development
The first philological sign () invented by Zenodotos of Ephesos, the first head of the Alexandrinian Library, in his edition of Homer was the  (, a short horizontal dash ), which Zenodotos used to mark spurious lines. For this reason, the practice of using signs for textual criticism has been called 'obelism'.

Aristophanes of Byzantium invented later the 'asterisk' ()  to mark lines that are duplicated from another place, as well as the 'lunate sigma' ()  and the 'antisigma' ()  for two consecutive and interchangeable lines of the same content.

A system of dots also credited to Aristophanes of Byzantium was developed in the 3rd century BCE. A  ('low dot')  marked an occasion for a short breath after a short phrase, a  ('middot') ()  marked an occasion for a longer breath after a longer passage, and a  ('high dot')  marked a full stop at the end of a completed thought. Other writers employed two dot punctuation  to mark the ends of sentences or changing speakers. Less often, arrangements of three , four  , and five  dots appeared.

System of Aristarchus
The number of the philological signs and in some cases their meanings were modified by Aristarchos of Samothrake (220–143 BCE), sixth head of the Alexandrinian Library. He used critical and exegetical signs in his editions of the Homeric poems.

A 'dotted lunate sigma' ()  was used by him as an editorial sign indicating that the line so-marked is at an incorrect position in the surrounding text; an antisigma, or 'reversed lunate sigma' , may also mark an out of place line. A 'dotted antisigma' or 'dotted reversed sigma' ()  indicates the line after which rearrangements should be made, or to variant readings of uncertain priority.

The diple  marked lines whose language or content was perhaps also exegetically noteworthy and pointed to a corresponding explanation in a commentary. The  ()  a dotted diple pointed to a verse in which Aristarchos' edition differs from that of Zenodotos. He used the obelos added to the asteriskos  where the repeated line is out of place and the  ()  indicated suspected spuriousness.

Continued use in late classical texts
Aristarchos's  were adopted early on by scholars in Rome, and became the standard philological signs for centuries to follow. Some papyrus fragments contain un-Aristarchian signs whose use was fairly consistent nevertheless. For instance, the so-called ancora, an anchor-shaped diagonal upward and downward pointer  or , often marks places where text had been omitted or draws attention to text-critical restoration in the top or bottom margin, respectively.

In addition to no punctuation, many original source texts in ancient Greek were written as an unbroken stream of letters, with no separation between words. The , a curved, comma-like mark , was used to disambiguate certain homonyms and marked the word-break in a sequence of letters that should be understood as two separate words. Its companion mark, the  () , served to show that a sequence of letters which might otherwise be read as two separate words, should instead be read as a single word. The  (see picture, right) marked a division in a text. The   was used to mark the ends of entire works, or the end of major sections in poetic and prose texts.

Modern typesetting
Nine ancient Greek textual annotation symbols are included in the supplemental punctuation list of ISO IEC standard 10646 for character sets. Unicode encodes several more signs.

Cultural references
The names of the characters Asterix and Obelix in the French comic series The Adventures of Asterix by René Goscinny and Albert Uderzo are derived from the Aristarchian symbols.

See also
 Dagger (typography)
 Comma
 Textual criticism
 Annotation
 Marginalia
 Proofreading marks

References

Typographical symbols
Punctuation
Ancient Greek punctuation
Writing systems introduced in the 2nd century BC


title: Clearwater Lake (Wisconsin)

text:
Clearwater Lake is a 360-acre lake located in the town of Cassian, Oneida County, Wisconsin, United States. Clearwater Lake is a private lake that is a part of the Clearwater Lake development.

References

Lakes of Oneida County, Wisconsin


title: 2000 SASF season

text:
The 2000 South Australian Soccer Federation season was the 94th season of soccer in South Australia.

2000 SASF Premier League

The 2000 South Australian Premier League season was the top level domestic association football competition in South Australia for 2000. It was contested by 12 teams in a single 22 round league format, each team playing all of their opponents twice.

Finals

2000 SASF State League

The 2000 South Australian State League season was the second highest domestic level association football competition in South Australia. It was contested by 12 teams in a single 22 round league format, each team playing all of their opponents twice.

League table

Finals

See also
2000 SASF Premier League
2000 SASF State League
National Premier Leagues South Australia
Football Federation South Australia

References

2000 in Australian soccer
Football South Australia seasons


title: Torbanlea Colliery Disaster

text:
The Torbanlea Colliery Disaster was a 1900 mining accident near the town of Torbanlea in the colony of Queensland (now a state of Australia) that claimed the lives of five workers. The accident prompted a Royal Commission into mining practices within Queensland.

Background
Coal had been mined in Queensland almost continuously since the settlement of the Moreton Bay District, with the city of Ipswich in particular being the site of several early collieries, and referred to as the heart of coal mining in Queensland for over a century.  The Burrum and Wide Bay districts also became active centres for coal mining, with many migrants from Wales settling in the area and working in the industry.

It was known that coal existed at Torbanlea, a site north-west of Maryborough, since at least the late 1860s, with exploratory shafts being sunk and then abandoned intermittently until James Robertson, a mine engineer from Scotland, identified a potentially profitable deposit and floated a company, the Torbanlea Colliery Company, to mine it.  The company subdivided land and built cottages for miners, and by 1883 there was a small but growing town on the site, complete with a railway station, hotels, and a school.

The mine itself was excavated in a pillar and stall method, whereby cavities ("rooms") approximately  in width were excavated first, separated by "pillars" that were  in width.  Once the rooms were all excavated, the pillars were then removed, in a specific order so as to avoid a mine collapse.  The removal of the pillars had almost been completed by 1900 when the accident occurred.

Accident
At around 1 pm on 21 March, a rumbling sound was heard from within the mine, followed by a rush of air, and then a sheet of flame rushed through the upper part of the shaft as the flammable gases which had concentrated within the mine combusted.  Two surviving witnesses close to the location of the explosion stated later that they had not felt any "shock or violence".  A number of mining carts in the dip, not far from the site of the explosion, were found not to have moved, although a door was blown open by the force of the explosion, and a number of men were blown over by the force of the blast on the upper levels.

Five men had been working next to a pillar to the right hand side of the dip, close to the centre of the explosion.  They were carried out of the mine alive, the last man to be retrieved emerging half an hour after the explosion, where they were taken by train to a hospital in nearby Maryborough. At the hospital, the five men all eventually succumbed to their injuries and died.

The five men killed during the explosion were:

 Amos Gambie
 Frederick Griggs
 Alexander Houston
 John Houston
 James Johnston

Royal Commission

A statutory inquiry was set up following the accident, which met at Torbanlea on 3 April 1900.  The four-member panel concluded that a rockfall within the mine had liberated a large quantity of flammable gas, which had then ignited, causing the explosion.  The board did not apportion blame to any party, and stated that in their opinion the accident could not have been foreseen, nor prevented.

Following this statutory inquiry, the Queensland Parliament set up a royal commission to investigate the causes of the accident, and to make recommendations as to how future incidents of the same time might be prevented.  The five commissioners were:

 William H. Rands
 Thomas Glassey
 William Fryar
 William Rankin
Lewis Thomas

The commission sat for 73 days and took evidence from 53 different witnesses. The commissioners also inspected a number of coal mines, not only in the Burrum district, but in other coal mining areas within Queensland, including around the Ipswich area.  Their final report came to the conclusion that it was impossible to say with any certainty where the gas that had caused the explosion had originated from (although Fryar dissented from this finding by means of a rider, stating in the report that in his opinion there was enough evidence to conclude that the gas had originated in a seam of coal underneath the mine shaft floor), and that no blame could be apportioned to any party for the circumstances which had led to the accident.

The commission made a number of recommendations, including making mandatory the use of safety lamps within mines, improved certification and training for mine managers, more inspections and ventilation for working mines, and the enactment of separate legislation for the regulation of coal mines, which at that point were managed through the same act that regulated ore mines.  Glassey made a separate recommendation that all coal mines should be examined daily for gas before workers were allowed to enter, regardless of whether gas had been previously detected.

Aftermath
Despite the very thorough nature of the report submitted by the Royal Commission, it was shelved and not acted upon until after the Mount Mulligan mine disaster killed 75 workers in 1921, in circumstances similar to those in Torbanlea.  Following the Mount Mulligan disaster, many of the recommendations of the Royal Commission were adopted, including separate legislation for collieries and the prohibition of naked flames within coal mines.

Notes

References

Coal mining disasters in Australia
1900 mining disasters
1900 in Australia
Fraser Coast Region


title: Integrated Global System Model

text:
The Integrated Global System Model (IGSM) is an Integrated Assessment Model (IAM) developed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change. The IGSM couples the MIT Earth System Model (MESM), an Earth system model of intermediate complexity, to the Economic Projection and Policy Analysis (EPPA), a human activity model that represents the world's economy. It has been used to understand the interactions between humans and the global climate system.

History

IGSM was introduced in 1999 in a paper by Ronald Prinn et al. in a paper in Climatic Change Version 2 was released in 2005.

Reception

Academic reception

The IGSM has been referenced by the United States Environmental Protection Agency and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.

The IGSM has also been referenced in academic literature on climate systems, human activity, and policy implications. Version 1 was used by the model creators for an analysis of the Kyoto Protocol in a 1999 paper for Nature. Version 2.2 was used by the creators of the model in a study published as a working paper in 2008. A modified version was published in Climatic Change in 2011. A 2012 working paper did an analysis of climate policy targets under uncertainty. The strategy for investigating the impacts of climate change on Earth’s physical, biological and human resources and links to their socio-economic consequences in the MIT IGSM is discussed in an article published in Climatic Change in 2013. A demonstration of the IGSM capabilities for multi-sectoral assessment of climate impacts under a range of consistent and integrated economic and climate scenarios that are responsive to new policies and business expectations was published in Nature Communications in 2018.

Independent authors have also referenced the IGSM.

See also

 DICE model

References

External links

Climate change assessment and attribution


title: I Do (TV series)

text:
I Do is a Philippine romantic reality show that previously aired on ABS-CBN. It is hosted by Judy Ann Santos-Agoncillo and Jayson Gainza. The show premiered on August 30, 2014, replacing Pinoy Big Brother: All In. It aired 9:30 pm (PST) every Saturdays; and 8:45 p.m. (PST) every Sundays. From October 25, 2014, and onwards, the show only aired every Saturdays. Its Sunday timeslot was given to the second season of The Voice of the Philippines.

It aired its last two episodes on November 8 to 15, 2014, showing the final ceremony and the coverage of the grand wedding of the winning couple of the show. In 2015, it was named as Best Reality Show by the 29th PMPC Star Awards For Television held in Manila, Philippines.

Overview

Development
The show first made known in January 2013. Later on, the production team conducted auditions in Davao City, Cebu City, and Manila. Contestants must be couples who were 18 years old and above, and non-cohabiting or not in a live-in relationship.

Concept
Nine couples were secluded in a special village constructed in Cavite. They will undergo love session and counseling conducted by experts and they have to face different challenges that will test their relationships. During the show, aside from Santos-Agoncillo, several experts will guide them for the married life: Life coach Pia Acevedo, and Psychologist and Marriage Counselor Dr. Julian Montano.

Prize
The winning couple will win one million pesos, store franchise, a house and lot, and a grand wedding.

Couples
The following are the nine couples that participated in the show

See also
List of programs broadcast by ABS-CBN

References

External links
 I Do – Official website
 I Do on Facebook
 I Do on Twitter

ABS-CBN original programming
Philippine reality television series
2014 Philippine television series debuts
2014 Philippine television series endings
Filipino-language television shows


title: Shanghai Polytechnic University

text:
Shanghai Polytechnic University (, SSPU, formerly Shanghai Second Polytechnic University) is a public university in Shanghai. It was founded in 1960.

Founded in 1960, SSPU is an institution of higher education featured by engineering as its main discipline, with synchronized development of multi-disciplines, including Economics, Management Science, Literature and Natural Sciences. The university provides education of undergraduates, higher vocational students, master, international students and students of adult and further education..

In 2010 SSPU was granted the qualification to enroll international students.

In 2011 the university was approved by Academic Degree Committee of the State Council as the Engineering master's degree pilot work unit.

In 2013,  SSPU was listed in the institutions to administer "Shanghai Government Scholarships for International Students". The university offers 20 categories under 6 disciplines, with 33 undergraduate programs and 30 higher vocational programs. Its staff totals about 1,100. Currently about 17,000 students are registered at SSPU.

Over the years, SSPU has established cooperative relationship with universities and institutions in the US, the UK, Germany, France, Sweden, Finland, Australia, Japan, South Korea, Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia, the Philippines, etc. and also with Hong Kong and Taiwan.

Through channels such as international cooperation and bilateral exchanges, educational concepts at home and abroad and experience in education are introduced and integrated. Innovation and deepening of educational reform is promoted. Internationalization of education and educational level of the university are increased gradually.

External links
Shanghai Polytechnic University

Shanghai Polytechnic University

Universities and colleges in Shanghai


title: Indarbela minima

text:
Indarbela minima is a moth in the family Cossidae. It is found in Sri Lanka.

References

Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

Metarbelinae
Moths described in 1910
Moths of Sri Lanka


title: Indarbela naida

text:
Indarbela naida is a moth in the family Cossidae. It is found in Mexico.

References

Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

Metarbelinae
Moths described in 1913


title: Indarbela nais

text:
Indarbela nais is a moth in the family Cossidae first described by Herbert Druce in 1898. It is found in Costa Rica.

References

Metarbelinae
Moths described in 1898


title: Indarbela necreros

text:
Indarbela necreros is a moth in the family Cossidae. It is found in Panama.

References

Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

Metarbelinae
Moths described in 1914


title: Indarbela norax

text:
Indarbela norax is a moth in the family Cossidae first described by Herbert Druce in 1898. It is found in Mexico.

References

Metarbelinae
Moths described in 1898


title: Indarbela obliquifasciata

text:
Indarbela obliquifasciata is a moth in the family Cossidae. It is found in China (Guangdong, Hong Kong).

References

Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

Metarbelinae
Moths described in 1923


title: Chaos (Paul Bley album)

text:
Chao is an album by pianist Paul Bley , bassist Furio Di Castri and drummer Tony Oxley, recorded in Italy in 1994 and released on the Soul Note label in 1998.

Reception

AllMusic stated: "This set of concise free improvisations is highly recommended to open-minded listeners".

All About Jazz wrote: "There are plenty of interesting harmonies here, and a sense of rhythm which both includes and goes beyond the tyranny of the beat. Fans of Paul Bley or post-bop music in general will have a treat with this beautifully produced recording". Another review on the same site stated: "Bley and company have churned out a very interesting collection of tunes that stretch the imagination and boundaries of jazz".

Track listing
All compositions by Paul Bley except as indicated
 "Chaos"	- 4:53
 "Touching Bass" (Furio Di Castri) - 3:47
 "Modulating" (Tony Oxley) - 4:37
 " Soft Touch" (Bley, Oxley) - 5:58
 "Poetic Justice" - 6:36
 "Interpercussion 1" (Oxley) - 1:51
 "Touch Control" - 3:22
 "Turnham Bey" - 4:58
 "Street Wise" - 6:07
 "Bow Out" (Oxley)	- 4:20
 "Starting Over" - 5:16
 "Interpercussion 2" (Oxley) - 3:34
 "Template" - 4:00

Personnel
Paul Bley - piano
Furio Di Castri - bass
Tony Oxley - drums

References

1998 albums
Paul Bley albums
Black Saint/Soul Note albums


title: Indarbela orima

text:
Indarbela orima is a moth in the family Cossidae. It is found in Peru and was first described by Herbert Druce in 1906.

References

Metarbelinae
Moths described in 1906


title: Indarbela phaga

text:
Indarbela phaga is a moth in the family Cossidae first described by Charles Swinhoe in 1894. It is found in India.

References

Metarbelinae
Moths described in 1894


title: Indarbela quadrinotata

text:
Indarbela quadrinotata, the bark-eating caterpillar, is a moth in the family Cossidae. It is found in India and Sri Lanka. It was described by Francis Walker in 1856.

Description
In the male, the head and thorax are rufus in color. Forewings pale rufus with a numerous dark rufus bands of strigae. A spot at the end of the cell is present and those between the median nervure and vein 1b is more prominent. Abdomen and hindwings are fuscous. In the female, the head, thorax and abdomen are ochreous white. Forewings are also ochreous white with markings as in male. Hindwings pale, slightly suffused with fuscous with numerous obsolescent brown striage. Caterpillars are pinkish white with brown spots. Pupae are chestnut brown in color. Eggs oval in shape and reddish.

Ecology
The caterpillar is a serious pest that attacks more than 30 crops. The larva bores into the trunk or branches about 15–25 cm deep. The tunnel created is empty in the day time, but is filled with caterpillar during the night. It damages the bark of the tree resulting in dieback of the stem. Frass is visible in affected areas.

Crops that are readily attacked by the pest are: Albizia lebbeck, Albizia procera, Anacardium occidentale, Camellia sinensis, Cassia fistula, Chloroxylon swietenia, Citrus reticulata, Citrus sinensis, Citrus × paradisi, Corymbia citriodora, Eriobotrya japonica, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Falcataria moluccana, Ficus benghalensis, Ficus carica, Gmelina arborea, Grewia asiatica, Hevea brasiliensis, Litchi chinensis, Mangifera indica, Manilkara zapota, Mimusops elengi, Mitragyna parvifolia, Moringa oleifera, Morus alba, Phyllanthus emblica, Populus deltoides, Prunus armeniaca, Psidium guajava, Punica granatum, Sesbania cannabina, Syzygium cumini, Tectona grandis, Terminalia arjuna, Theobroma cacao, and Ziziphus mauritiana.

Control mainly takes place in the egg or larval stages. They can be chemically controlled by applying methidathion. Clones of Casuarina are known to show tolerance and resistance to caterpillars.

References

External links

Seasonal population variations of the bark eating caterpillar (Indarbela quadrinotata) in Casuarina plantations of Tamil Nadu
Management of the Bark Caterpillar Indarbela quadrinotata in Forest Plantations of Paraserianthes galcataria

Metarbelinae
Moths described in 1856


The Notre Dame–UConn women's basketball rivalry is a college rivalry series between the UConn Huskies women's basketball team of the University of Connecticut and the Notre Dame Fighting Irish women's basketball team of the University of Notre Dame.  The Huskies and Fighting Irish have met 53 times, including eight times in the NCAA Tournament and twice in the NCAA Championship, with the Huskies holding a 39–14 advantage.

Background
The Connecticut Huskies and Notre Dame Fighting Irish women's basketball teams are two of the more successful teams in women's collegiate basketball. The UConn Huskies have won eleven national championships, while the Notre Dame Fighting Irish have nine Final Four appearances, with two National Championships in 2001 and 2018.  Both teams formerly played in the Big East Conference, and appeared in the title game of the Big East tournament multiple times, with UConn appearing 23 times between 1989 and 2013, and Notre Dame appearing seven times in the same time period.

From April 2011 to March 2013, Notre Dame won seven out of its eight match-ups with UConn, the best performance of any team against UConn since Tennessee. However, Notre Dame fell to UConn in the 2013 NCAA Division I women's basketball tournament despite Notre Dame beating them three times during the regular season that year.

In 2014, UConn and Notre Dame both went into the national championship undefeated. This is the first time two undefeated teams went to the title game in men's and women's NCAA Division I basketball history.  This was also their first meeting in a championship game. UConn won that game handily. The next year, both teams made it to the title game again, where UConn won its tenth national championship and third national championship in a row.  New York Times reporter Harvey Araton observed that in this "latest showdown between the premier women’s programs" there was an "absence of the mutual hostility" that had characterized the previous year's matchup.

After seven consecutive wins by UConn over Notre Dame, the Irish beat the Huskies in the semifinals of the 2018 NCAA Division I women's basketball tournament, in a controversial 91–89 overtime contest where Notre Dame had 23 free throw attempts to UConn's 6. Despite losing in a regular season matchup the following year, Notre Dame defeated UCONN again in the 2019 Final Four matchup 81-76.  From the start of the 2011–2012 season to the end of the 2018–2019 season, UConn has only 15 losses, with 8 of them coming against Notre Dame.

Game results

References

Notre Dame Fighting Irish basketball
College basketball rivalries in the United States
Notre Dame Fighting Irish women's basketball
UConn Huskies women's basketball


title: Indarbela salara

text:
Indarbela salara is a moth in the family Cossidae first described by Herbert Druce in 1900. It is found in Colombia.

References

Metarbelinae
Moths described in 1900


title: Indarbela tacita

text:
Indarbela tacita is a moth in the family Cossidae first described by Herbert Druce in 1898. It is found in Honduras.

References

Metarbelinae
Moths described in 1898


title: Indarbela tegula

text:
Indarbela tegula is a moth in the family Cossidae. It is found in South Africa and Zambia.

References

Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

Metarbelinae
Moths described in 1897


title: Indarbela tesselatus

text:
Indarbela tesselatus is a moth in the family Cossidae. It is found in India.

References

Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

Metarbelinae
Moths described in 1879


title: Indarbela tetraonis

text:
Indarbela tetraonis is a moth in the family Cossidae. It is found in India.

References

Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

Metarbelinae
Moths described in 1879


title: Root Creek, Wisconsin

text:
Root Creek was a hamlet in Sections 21-22 and 27-28 of the Town of Greenfield in  Milwaukee County, Wisconsin, United States, on the Milwaukee-Janesville plank road, at what is now roughly the intersection of that thoroughfare (now Forest Home Avenue) and 68th Street. The body of water after which it was named is nowadays referred to as the Root River.

History
The post office there was established August 19, 1847, near the eastern bank of Root Creek. When Peter Lavies became postmaster in 1854, soon after the establishment of the Hales Corners post office just on the other side of the river, he moved it northeastward to a site adjacent to his tavern, at what is now the junction of South 76th Street, Forest Home Avenue, and Cold Spring Road. In 1846, a Lutheran church was built named Evangelisch-Lutherische St. Johannes-Gemeinde zu Root Creek, Wis. (St. John Evangelical Lutheran Church of Root Creek, Wisconsin). By 1848 there were four churches, and the area became a nucleus for a few businesses catering to the nearby farming community, almost all German Americans and Irish Americans.

The office of postmaster was held from 1864 to 1867 by Hubert Lavies (later a state legislator), son of Peter Lavies. The post office itself moved with changes in postmaster, with the final location being at the intersection of what are now Howard and Forest Home Avenues, across the road from Honey Creek. In 1887 the population of the service area of the post office was estimated at 129.

The post office was finally discontinued May 31, 1908. The Root Creek Farmers and Gardeners Exhibit, later to become simply known as the Root Creek Fair, started in fall of 1914, and continued on through 1939. The nearby District #10 public school would be known as "Root Creek School" from 1915 until 1943, when it was renamed MacArthur School after Douglas MacArthur. St. John Evangelical continued to use the name "Root Creek" for the nearby community through its centennial celebration and history book.

By 1957, the area formerly known as Root Creek had been divided among five municipalities, and portions of the region once served by a single post office would be assigned to seven different zip codes. Only a handful of abandoned cemeteries such as Lavies Cemetery remain.

References

Ghost towns in Wisconsin
Populated places in Milwaukee County, Wisconsin


title: Indarbela theivora

text:
Indarbela theivora is a moth in the family Cossidae. It is found in India (Assam).

References

Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

Metarbelinae
Moths described in 1910


title: Indarbela watsoni

text:
Indarbela watsoni is a moth in the family Cossidae. It is found in India.

References

Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

Metarbelinae
Moths described in 1900


title: Squamura kinabalua

text:
Squamura kinabalua is a moth in the family Cossidae. It is found on Borneo. The habitat consists of upper montane forests.

References

Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

Metarbelinae
Moths described in 1976