title: The Garcia Brothers (album)

text:
The Garcia Brothers is the seventh studio album by American hip hop duo Axe Murder Boyz. It was released on March 25, 2014 under their own label Canonize Productions in conjunction with Psychopathic Records. This would be their second and final release with Psychopathic, as they would depart the label for a second time in 2017 and sign with Majik Ninja Entertainment

Background
After Body In A Hole EP was released AMB began working on their new album The Garcia Brothers in 2011. For almost 2 years they worked on songs and scrapped them. They resigned with Psychopathic in early 2013, joining Insane Clown Posse, Moonshine Bandits and Kung Fu Vampire on The Mighty Death Pop! Tour. On the tour AMB announced that they have begun reworking on TGB and they finally have the baseline for what they wanted the album to sound like. During the 2013 GOTJ, Otis was asked when The Garcia Brothers would be released, and he was projecting a December 2013 release date. After a minor setback, The Garcia Brothers was released on March 25, 2014.

Style and influences
The style of The Garcia Brothers is very different from anything Axe Murder Boyz have done in recent years. Many reviewers of the album compared it to having a Tech N9ne/Strange Music type sound to it. The entire album was recorded at Psychopathic's own studio The Lotus Pod in Detroit, MI and produced by AMB member Otis.

Release
Psychopathic released snippets of TGB in late April/early May. The first music video from the album was "Might Go Mad" ft. Insane Clown Posse. Though the video does not show AMB & ICP it is the first video by Psychopathic to do that and have the lyrics in its place. "I Keeps It Movin'" was the second music video from the album. In a December 2014 interview with DesertJuggalos.com Otis/Young Wicked announced that another music video was to be shot. He later revealed that the music video will be for the song "Bleed" featuring Anybody Killa.

On March 25, 2015 Psychopathic Records announced that "The Garcia Brothers" album is now being sold at Best Buy stores.

Singles
The first single was "Might Go Mad" featuring Insane Clown Posse and was accompanied by a music video released in mid 2014.

The second single was "I Keeps It Movin" and was accompanied by a music video released in late 2014.

In a December 2014 interview with DesertJuggalos.com Otis/Young Wicked announced that the third single would be "Bleed" featuring Anybody Killa and was accompanied by a music video.

During AMB's 2015 GOTJ seminar, it was said that the music video for "Bleed" featuring Anybody Killa would be released in 2015.

Track listing

Personnel
Otis – vocals, production
Bonez Dubb – vocals
Insane Clown Posse (Violent J & Shaggy 2 Dope) – guest verse on "Might Go Mad"
Anybody Killa – guest verse on "Bleed"
Big Hoodoo – guest verse on "Listen"

Charts

References

2014 albums
Axe Murder Boyz albums
Psychopathic Records albums


title: 7 Mile (album)

text:
7 Mile is the only studio album by American contemporary R&B group 7 Mile, released  via Crave Records. The album peaked at No. 64 on the Billboard R&B chart and No. 43 on the Heatseekers chart.

Three singles were released from the album: "Just a Memory", "After" and "Do Your Thing". "Do Your Thing" was the only song from the group to chart on the Billboard Hot 100, peaking at #50.

Track listing
 Songwriting and production credits adapted from liner notes.

Chart positions

References

External links

1998 debut albums
Crave Records albums
Contemporary R&B albums by American artists


title: Anthony Clifford Allison

text:
Anthony Clifford Allison (21 August 1925 – 20 February 2014) was a South African geneticist and medical scientist who made pioneering studies on the genetic resistance to malaria. Clark completed his primary schooling in Kenya, completed his higher education in South Africa, and obtained a BSc in medical science from the University of the Witwatersrand in 1947. He earned his PhD from the University of Oxford in 1950. After working at the Radcliffe Infirmary for two years, he worked as post-doctoral student to Linus Pauling in 1954. After teaching medicine for three years at Oxford, he worked at the Medical Research Council in London. In 1978 he simultaneously worked at the International Laboratory for Research on Animal Diseases (ILRAD) as its Director, and at the World Health Organization's (WHO) Immunology Laboratory, both in Nairobi. He later became the Vice President for Research at Syntex Corporation (1981-1994).

While a graduate student at Oxford, Allison joined a vocational Oxford University Expedition to Mount Kenya in 1949. He first noticed from blood samples he collected that there was an unusually high occurrence of sickle-cell trait in its less harmful (heterozygous) condition. He conceived the idea that it could be an advantageous adaptation to people constantly exposed to malaria. After he completed his doctoral research at Oxford in 1953, he investigated further. In 1954 he discovered, confirming his preconception, that people with sickle-cell trait are resistant to the deadly falciparum malaria.

In the 1970s, Allison had worked out the enzyme, inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase, as a key molecule of the immune response in autoimmune diseases and in organ transplantation. Based on this, he tested the otherwise abandoned antibiotic, mycophenolate mofetil, as an inhibitor of the enzyme. After experimental success, with his wife, Elsie M. Eugui, he developed a safer derivative which was eventually approved as an immunosuppressive drug called CellCept. He contributed more than 400 technical papers and edited 12 books.

Biography

Allison was born in East London, Eastern Cape, South Africa. His father was a World War I British veteran and keen polo player, who left Britain in 1919 for better farming life in East Africa. His father had a chrysanthemum farm at Mawingo in upper Gilgil, Kenya, overlooking the Great Rift Valley, where he spent most of his childhood. He entered boarding school for his primary education. He returned to South Africa for higher education and obtained his BSc in medical science at the University of the Witwatersrand in Johannesburg. In 1947 he entered Merton College, Oxford, from where he earned his DPhil with medical degree in 1952. He then found employment at the Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford, where he worked for two years until 1954. However, most of his 1953 work was in Kenya. Receiving the George Herbert Hunt Travelling Scholarship for 1953, he joined the Nobel laureate Linus Pauling at the California Institute of Technology for post-doctoral research in 1954. He returned to England to take up teaching in medicine at University of Oxford. After three years in Oxford he was employed in the Medical Research Council in London, where he worked for twenty years. He first joined the MRC National Institute for Medical Research, and then the Clinical Research Centre. In 1978 he was appointed as Director of the International Laboratory for Research on Animal Diseases (ILRAD) in Nairobi, Kenya.  He simultaneously worked at the World Health Organization's (WHO) Immunology Laboratory in Nairobi. In 1981, he became the Vice President for Research at Syntex Corporation at Palo Alto, California. As Syntex was acquired by Hoffman LaRoche in 1994, he was given retirement. He continued to teach human genetics at Stanford University and participated in many therapeutic programmes at Alavita Pharmaceuticals.

He spent his last 30 years at his home in Belmont, California. He died on 20 February 2014 as a result of complications of the end stage of pulmonary fibrosis, which he had been suffering from. He was survived by his second wife, and two sons.

Personal life

Allison developed an early interest in human evolution. Growing up in Kenya, he made close contact with paleoanthropologists such as Louis Leakey, who made important fossil discoveries at Olduvai Gorge in Tanzania. One of his teachers at University of the Witwatersrand was Raymond Dart, the discoverer of an extinct hominid Australopithecus africanus. He was strongly influenced by Charles Darwin's books, On the Origin of Species and The Descent of Man, while still a teenager. As he put it, he "became a convinced Darwinian."

Allison married Helen Green (7 February 1923 – 26 December 2011) while teaching at Oxford. After they had two sons, Miles and Joseph Mark, they soon divorced. By then Allison met an Argentinian biochemist, Elsie Eugui, a visiting scientist in his laboratory at the Clinical Research Centre. Allison found true partnership in profession as well as interest in Eugui, and married her. They were together for the rest of his life. They shared their passion in music, art, deep-sea fishing, hiking, bird-watching, and wine tasting.

Achievements

Sickle-cell disease and resistance to malaria

In 1949 Allison participated in a vocational Oxford University Expedition to Mount Kenya. He took up the task of collecting blood samples from Kenyans for analyses of blood groups and genetic markers such as for sickle-cell disease. At the time it was a scientific puzzle that the disease was prevalent even though it killed people before they reached puberty, before they can have children to pass on the lethal gene. He found that the prevalence of sickle-cell trait (heterozygous condition) among people inhabiting coastal areas was higher than 20%. (At the time the highest record was 8% among African-Americans.) He was posed with the question as to why such a deadly disease (in homozygous condition) would be more prevalent in a localised area in the form of a less lethal heterozygous form. He formulated a hypothesis that it was because it had selective advantage towards malaria. Because the region was malaria endemic, acquiring a genetic mutation, but not the lethal form, could confer resistance to Plasmodium falciparum. To test his hypothesis he had to wait four years until he completed his medical course. He returned to Nairobi in 1953 to start his experiments. He selected volunteers of the Luo people, who came from malaria hyperendemic area around Lake Victoria. Under experimental infection, volunteers indicated partial resistance to malaria. Then he found children naturally infected with malaria in Buganda. He discovered that children with heterozygous trait had significantly low number of parasites in their blood. This implies further that heterozygosity in children acquired better survival rate against malaria. His final results reported in 1954 from nearly 5,000 East Africans indicated the overall picture: sickle-cell trait confers resistance to malaria.

When Allison introduced the genetic theory of malaria resistance, it was largely received with scepticism. The reason was there were observations that malaria was equally found among homozygote and heterozygote patients in some East Africans. Further it was experimentally demonstrated that malaria could be induced in African-Americans having heterozygous alleles. But Allison argued that if selective pressure would operate children between six months and four years of age are most important for population study because survival is most critical to reach reproductive stage among these children. His arguments were proved right by subsequent studies among children of East, Central, and West Africa, showing 90% protection from malaria among children with heterozygous allele.

CellCept

In the 1970s while working at the Medical Research Council, Allison had investigated the biochemical cause of immune deficiency in children. He discovered the metabolic pathway involving an enzyme, inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase, which is responsible for undesirable immune response in autoimmune diseases, as well as for immune rejection in organ transplantation. He developed an idea that if a molecule that could block the enzyme is discovered, then, it would become an immunosuppressive drug for autoimmune diseases and organ transplantation. In 1981, he decided to go for drug discovery and approached several pharmaceutical companies, which turned him down one by one as he had no primary knowledge on drug research. However, Syntex liked his plans and asked him to join the company with his wife. He became vice president for Research. In one of their experiments the Allisons used an antibacterial compound, mycophenolate mofetil, which was abandoned in clinical use due to its adverse effects. They discovered that the compound had immunosuppressive activity. They synthesised a chemical variant for increased activity and reduced adverse effects. They subsequently demonstrated that it was useful in organ transplantation in experimental rats. After successful clinical trials, the compound was approved for use in kidney transplant by the US Food and Drug Administration on 3 May 1995, and was commercialised under the brand name CellCept.

Controversy

In 1982 Allison and Eugui reported in the Christmas issue of The Lancet the discovery of immunity to malarial parasite (Plasmodium falciparum) by production of free oxygen radicals in the immune system. A quick response came from Ian Clark, former PhD student of Allison, and W.B. Cowden and G.A. Butcher, both of the University of Newcastle Medical School in New South Wales, who claimed that the scientific ideas were originally theirs, and accused Allison of stealing the idea. Clark further stated that he had developed the concept back in the spring of 1982, and submitted his report to Nature, which rejected it because it was considered "out-of-purview" of the journal. Clark eventually published his work in the January issue of Infection and Immunity. In August 1982, Clark had given Allison a draft copy of his manuscript; Allison's own experimental result was published in December. Reacting to the accusation, Allison explained that his experiment was independent of Clark's, and returned the accusation that while Clark was his student, he had claimed two works as his own, which were not. It was generally agreed that the original idea was that of Clark's. A reconciliation paper was published in February 1983, jointly written by all the scientists involved.

References

1925 births
2014 deaths
South African geneticists
South African medical researchers
University of the Witwatersrand alumni
Alumni of Merton College, Oxford
People from San Mateo County, California
People from East London, South Africa
Population geneticists
Fellows of Exeter College, Oxford


title: Man-hee

text:
Man-hee, also spelled Man-hui, is a Korean unisex given name. Its meaning differs based on the hanja used to write each syllable of the name. There are 19 hanja with the reading "man" and 24 hanja with the reading "hee" on the South Korean government's official list of hanja which may be registered for use in given names.

People with this name include:
Lee Man-hee (born 1931), South Korean religious leader
Lee Man-hee (film director) (born 1931), South Korean film director
Ban Hyo-jung (born Ban Man-hee, 1942), South Korean actress
Choi Man-hee (born 1956), South Korean football player

See also
List of Korean given names

References

Korean unisex given names


The 2014–15 East Carolina Pirates women's basketball team will represent East Carolina University during the 2014–15 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The season marks the first for the Pirates as members of the American Athletic Conference. The team, coached by 5th year head coach Heather Macy, plays their home games at Williams Arena at Minges Coliseum. They finished the season 22–11, 11–7 in AAC play to finish in a tie for fifth place. They advanced to the quarterfinals of the American Athletic women's tournament where they lost to Connecticut. They were invited to the Women's National Invitational Tournament where defeated Radford in the first round before losing to NC State in the second round.

Media
All Pirates home games will have a video stream on Pirates All Access, ESPN3, or AAC Digital. Road games will typically be streamed on the opponents website, though conference road games could also appear on ESPN3 or AAC Digital. Audio broadcasts for most road games can also be found on the opponents website.

Roster

Schedule and results

|-
!colspan=12 style="background:#4F0076; color:#FFE600;"| Regular Season

|-
!colspan=12 style="background:#4B1869;"| AAC Women's Tournament

|-
!colspan=12 style="background:#4B1869;"|WNIT

See also
2014–15 East Carolina Pirates men's basketball team

References

East Carolina
East Carolina Pirates women's basketball seasons
2015 Women's National Invitation Tournament participants
East Carolina Pirates women's basketball
East Carolina Pirates women's basketball


title: Tacky (song)

text:
"Tacky" is a song by American musician "Weird Al" Yankovic from his fourteenth studio album, Mandatory Fun (2014). The song is a parody of the 2013 single "Happy" by Pharrell Williams. The song mocks questionable style in fashion as well as activities considered gauche. Yankovic recorded the song as one of the last on Mandatory Fun, and received Williams' approval directly, through email. He remarked he was "honored" to have his work spoofed by Yankovic.

The song's one-shot music video parodies "Happy", and was the first in a series of eight videos released over eight days in promotion of Mandatory Fun. It features cameo appearances by Aisha Tyler, Margaret Cho, Eric Stonestreet, Kristen Schaal, and Jack Black, and was produced by Nerdist Industries.

Background

As usual for him, Yankovic sought permission from the original artists for his parodies on Mandatory Fun; in contrast to previous albums, he had few difficulties in obtaining these. Yankovic stated "This is the first time where I've gotten everybody that I wanted, and I couldn't be happier about it." He was able to get Pharrell Williams' permission for three of the songs he represented on the album, Williams' "Happy", Robin Thicke's "Blurred Lines", and Daft Punk's "Get Lucky", through a personal email to the artist after Yankovic's manager had difficulty working this with Williams' manager; according to Yankovic, Williams was "honored" to have his work used by Yankovic. The song was recorded in April 2014.

Composition
The song mocks people whose actions and style are generally considered gauche. The singer boasts of having no shame and seems proud of his gaudy attire and his breaches of deportment (for example, putting used liquor bottles on display, wearing socks with sandals, mixing patterns, and gorging an entire bowl of after-dinner mints at a restaurant). Reviews noted that the song lists various disruptive acts associated with social media, referencing Instagram, Twitter, and Yelp. Yankovic mentions printing his résumé in Comic Sans, a much-reviled font, and states that he would live-tweet during a funeral and take selfies with the deceased.

Music video
The music video for "Tacky" debuted on July 14, 2014, as the first in an eight-video series. Produced by Nerdist Industries, the one-shot video shows Yankovic mimicking Williams' own style used in his video for "Happy": It features comedians Aisha Tyler, Margaret Cho, Eric Stonestreet, Kristen Schaal, and Jack Black dressed in tacky clothes and purposely dancing badly while lip-syncing to the song's lyrics about a person who brags on about his questionable style choices. The video was filmed at Palace Theatre in downtown Los Angeles, previously featured as Julianne Moore’s apartment in the 1998 film The Big Lebowski. Yankovic specified that during each of the six continuous takes, he would have to rush down five flights of stairs while changing his outfit in order to appear in the beginning and end of the video.

Reception
Rolling Stone reviewed the song "Tacky", stating that "Weird Al is in fine form throughout the track". In their review of Mandatory Fun, the publication wrote: "Sure, there’s a touch of hypocrisy in a guy as gloriously tacky as Al taking shots at the shameless but who really cares when it's this much fun." ABC News wrote that "the parody and musicianship are spot-on, aided by an instantly classic music video". Billboard noted that the song had the potential of being a "one-joke affair", but exceeded these expectations.

Weekly chart positions

See also
List of songs by "Weird Al" Yankovic

Notes

External links
 ""Weird Al" Yankovic - Tacky" music video on YouTube

2014 songs
Music videos directed by "Weird Al" Yankovic
Songs written by Pharrell Williams
Songs with lyrics by "Weird Al" Yankovic
"Weird Al" Yankovic songs


title: Nomology

text:
In philosophy, nomology refers to a "science of laws" based on the theory that it is possible to elaborate descriptions dedicated not to particular aspects of reality but inspired by a scientific vision of universal validity expressed by scientific laws.

Etymology
"Nomology" derives from the Greek , law, and , reason. The term nomology may come from Aristotle. The '-ology' suffix implies 'order', 'word' and 'reason', and is about being subjectively reasonable or 'logical' as in sociology and psychology. The 'nom-' part implies 'rule' and 'law', and is about being objectively lawful or 'nomic' as in economics.

Nomological networks
A nomological approach requires taking account of both subjective and objective aspects in a decision. Nomology provides the framework for building a nomological network of relationships between constructs in decision making.

See also
 Deductive-nomological model
 Nomological determinism
 Nomothetic

References

Philosophy of science


title: Touch N Move

text:
Touch N Move is the second extended play by South Korean girl group Sistar. It was released on July 21, 2014, by Starship Entertainment and distributed by LOEN Entertainment. It features the lead single "Touch My Body".

Background and release
On June 5, 2014, Sistar's label, Starship Entertainment, told Newsen that the group was working on a new album and would come back in the beginning of July. The album and the title track's music video were released on July 21, 2014. The group held the album's showcase later on the same day at Ilchi Art Hall in Cheongdam-dong, Seoul, South Korea.

The music video of "Touch My Body" appeared in the animated series Family Guy in the 10th episode of season 14.

Promotion
The promotions of the song "Touch My Body" started on July 24, 2014, on M! Countdown's 10th Anniversary Special. The song was also promoted on the shows, Music Bank, Music Core and Inkigayo.

Commercial performance
Touch N Move debuted at number two on the Gaon Album Chart for the week ending July 26, 2014. By the end of 2014, the album had sold 14,548 copies.

Track listing

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Music program wins

References

Sistar EPs
2014 EPs
Korean-language EPs
Dance-pop EPs
Starship Entertainment EPs


title: Man-su

text:
Man-su (pronounced ), also spelled Man-soo, is a Korean masculine given name. Its meaning differs based on the hanja used to write each syllable of the name. There are 19 hanja with the reading "man" and 67 hanja with the reading "soo" on the South Korean government's official list of hanja which may be registered for use in given names.

People with this name include:
Kang Man-soo (born 1955), South Korean volleyball player
Lee Man-soo (born 1958), South Korean baseball coach and former catcher
Kim Man-su (born 1996), South Korean baseball catcher
Kim Man-su (politician), North Korean politician elected in the 2014 North Korean parliamentary election

Fictional characters with this name include:
Mansu, one of the title characters of 1988 South Korean film Chilsu and Mansu
Man-soo, character in 2007 South Korean television series Likeable or Not
Oh Man-soo, character in 2017 South Korean television series Black

See also
List of Korean given names

References

Korean masculine given names
Masculine given names


title: Franco Morone

text:
Francesco Morone (born June 6, 1956, Lanciano, Abruzzo, Italy) known as Franco Morone, is an Italian guitar player, teacher, composer and arranger specializing in the fingerstyle technique. He is the author of several books and has recorded CDs and videos playing his original music, which combines traditional Italian and Celtic melodies with jazz, blues and folk influences. He currently performs and teaches across Europe, the United States, and Japan.

Biography
Francesco started playing guitar at age 12 and published his first guitar book, My Acoustic Blues Guitar, in 1986. He obtained a degree in Law from the
University of Bologna in 1987 and has worked as a journalist with the magazines Guitar Club, Chitarre and Acoustic Guitar.

As a musician, Morone has performed with Alex de Grassi, Beppe Gambetta, Peter Finger, Tim Sparks, and Leo Kottke. He regularly performs solo and in a duo with singer Raffaella Luna and has recorded for Ariola MBG, Carisch, Bèrben and currently produces with his label Acoustic Guitar Workshops.

His collection Italian Fingerstyle Guitar has achieved recognition in the category of best album of the solo guitar by GPJ Folk Awards for American independent music.

Discography
Stranalandia – BMG 1990
Guitàrea - AMR 1994
The South Wind – AMR 1996
Melodies Of Memories - AMR 1998
Running Home - AMR 2001
Italian Fingerstyle Guitar - Traditional and Popular Songs - AMR 2003
The Road To Lisdoonvarna - AMR 2005
Songs We Love –con Raffaella Luna – AGR 2008
Miles Of Blues – AGR 2010
Back to My Best – AGR 2012
Canti Lontani Nel Tempo – Italian Traditional Songs – con Raffaella Luna -AGR 2013

Bibliography
Metodo per Chitarra Blues/My Acoustic Blues Guitar/Fingerstyle Blues Collection –Bèrben 1986/ AMBooks/AGW
Stranalandia – 1990 AMBooks
Fingerstyle Jazz/Fingerstyle Jazz Collection – AMBooks – Bèrben 1992-/AGW
Guitàrea – AGBooks – Bèrben 1994
The South Wind/Celtic Collection – AMR Carisch 1996
Melodies Of Memories – AMR 1998
Italian Fingerstyle Guitar - Carisch 2003/AGW
Master Anthology of Blues Guitar Solos, Volume One – Mel Bay 2000
Master Anthology of Fingerstyle Guitar Solos, Volume 1 - Mel Bay 2000
Basic Fingerstyle Collection – AMBooks /Carisch 2007/
Easy Songs for Fingerstyle Guitar -  AGW
10 Duets for Fingerstyle Guitar -  con Ulli Boegershausen - AMBooks 2009
Blues & Jazz for Fingerstyle Guitar Mel Bay 2011
Back To My Best – Carisch 2012
Christmas Songs for Fingerstyle Guitar - AGW
Strings of Hearth - AGW

Videos
Fingerstyle Blues – Playgame 1993
In Concert – con Tim Sparks AMR 2005
Acoustic Guitar Solos - Mel Bay 2008
Acoustic Guitar Masters, Vol. 1 AMR 2009

Discografia
Guitaròma – Lizard 1985
Collana Strumento – BMG
Guitar Highlights – AMR 1994
Guitar Ballads – AMR 1998

References

External links
 Franco Morone's official website
 Freight and Salvage live concert, (2012)
Interview with Accordo.it (Italian)

Italian guitarists
Italian male guitarists
Living people
1956 births


title: Willans (company)

text:
Willans is a British-based safety harness provider.

History
Willans were founded in England in 1967 and has provided safety equipment to top motor sport teams in Formula One, NASCAR, the Indy Racing League and rallying. They have supported 19 successful Formula One World Championships and 252 Grand Prix victories.

References

Manufacturing companies established in 1967
British companies established in 1967
1967 establishments in England


title: Jewish Healthcare Center (Worcester)

text:
The Jewish Healthcare Center ("JHC"; also known as "The Jewish Home" or simply "The Home" among the Worcester Jewish community) is a nursing home and rehabilitation hospital at 629 Salisbury Street in Worcester, Massachusetts. The JHC services 2,500 clients per year, 70 percent of whom are not Jewish.

History

The Home was founded by Worcester's Jewish community leaders in 1914 as a home for Jewish orphans. In 1916, the community purchased a two-story home at 25 Coral Street and named it the "Jewish Home for Aged and Orphans."

Beginning August 11, 1930 Worcester United Jewish Charities president Archibald Hillman enlisted New York fundraiser George Greenspun to lead a 500-volunteer campaign to raise $125,000 from the Worcester community for a new facility. This campaign was unique in that for the first time, Worcester's non-Jewish residents were asked to contribute to a Jewish organization in the city. In 1932, the Home relocated to 1029 Pleasant Street where it was able to care for 14 children and 22 senior citizens following the successful building campaign. In the mid-1930s the Home turned its focus solely to the needs of the elderly and was renamed "The Jewish Home for Aged of Worcester County." The Home expanded by 34 beds in 1948 following a $250,000 campaign.

The current 141-bed facility at 629 Salisbury Street, an example of Brick Brutalist architecture, opened in February 1975 after another successful campaign raised $3.5 million. The Home's population remains largely Jewish as it is the only kosher nursing home in Worcester.

On May 3, 1998, ground was broken on land immediately adjacent to the Home on The Gery and Emil Eisenberg Assisted Living Residence, an 80-unit facility named for the parents of Denise Rich who donated $1 million.

In 2007, in recognition of a large donation from the Bailin Brothers Foundation, the campus at 629 Salisbury Street was named for the Bailin family.

On April 29, 2014, JHC launched the "Namaste Care" program, a new holistic approach to end-of-life care for dementia patients in which they experience massage, familiar foods and music (via iPods) and other comforts in a soundproof room.

Notable residents
Joseph C. Casdin, mayor of Worcester in 1959, 1962-1963 and 1967-1968
Georgia Gibbs, singer. Born Frieda Lipschitz on August 17, 1919, was sent to the home with her three older siblings after her father died when she was 6 months old.

References

External links

Hospitals in Worcester, Massachusetts


title: Willans

text:
Willans may mean:

People
 Herbert Geoffrey Willans, (4 February 1911 – 6 August 1958), an English author and journalist, is best known as the co-creator, with the illustrator Ronald Searle, of Nigel Molesworth
 Owen Willans Richardson, (26 April 1879 – 15 February 1959), was a British physicist who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1928
 Joel Willans (b. 1972), British copywriter and author
 John Bancroft Willans (1881–1957) landowner and philanthropist
 John William Willans (c.1845-1895) Chief Engineer of the Liverpool Overhead Railway, and father of John Bancroft Willans

Firms
 Willans (company), British-based safety harness provider
 Willans & Robinson, were manufacturing engineers of Thames Ditton, Surrey. Later, from 1896, at Victoria Works, Rugby, Warwickshire, England

Other
 Willans engine, was a high-speed stationary steam engine used for electricity generation around the start of the 20th century
 Willans Hill Miniature Railway, in Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, Australia


title: Unterweger

text:
Unterweger is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

 Clemens Unterweger (born 1992), Austrian ice hockey player
 Jack Unterweger (1950–1994), Austrian serial killer
 Lisa Unterweger (born 1995), Austrian cross-country skier


title: Charles S. Burnell

text:
Charles S. Burnell (September 21, 1874 – June 23, 1949) served 21 years as a judge in Los Angeles County, California, presiding over trials that sometimes involved Hollywood motion-picture personalities. Several opinions from higher courts castigated or chastised Burnell for his activities or statements in court.

Personal

Burnell was born on September 21, 1874, in Elko, Nevada, to S. M. and Anna Smith; as an infant he was adopted by his stepfather, Martin Burnell. He was brought to California when he was a year old. He was educated in private schools in Sonoma County, California, and graduated from Lowell High School in San Francisco. He received a Bachelor of Arts degree in the first graduating class of Stanford University in 1895. He earned a master of arts from Stanford in 1896, and he was later given an honorary doctor of laws degree from Loyola University in Los Angeles.

Burnell and Blanche Iola Emery were married in 1907, and they had a daughter, Dorothy. In 1934, Blanche was granted a divorce in Los Angeles on the grounds of desertion after a decree had been refused in Reno, Nevada, in 1931. In 1936 he married Agnes Storey Smith in Sandpoint, Idaho, whom he had met while on a vacation in Alaska; he adopted her daughter, Beth.

He was a member of Palestine Masonic Lodge 351, the University Club (in Los Angeles), Stanford Club, Chaparral Club and the Hollywood Golf and Country Club.

Burnell, of 170 South Vista Street in the Fairfax neighborhood of Los Angeles, died in Sebastopol, California, on June 23, 1949, while on vacation in Sonoma County. His death was attributed to a heart attack. He was buried in Forest Lawn Memorial Park, Glendale, after an "unusually brief funeral service" in the Church of the Recessional that "consisted almost solely of a poem written by the judge himself," and was preceded by a "short eulogy" by Superior Judge Charles E. Haas, "a friend of Judge Burnell's for 55 years." Burnell had been known as the "poet laureate of the bench."

Vocation

Burnell practiced law in San Francisco from 1896 until he resettled in Los Angeles in 1906. As an attorney, he drew attention when he filed a legal paper written entirely in verse. He was assistant city attorney between 1913 and 1918 when he became a special counsel for the Los Angeles County Flood Control District. In 1919 he was elected city attorney, serving for two years until he was chosen by voters for the Los Angeles County Superior Court.

From 1924 to 1932 he was a professor of constitutional law at Loyola University.

In July 1925 Burnell made news when he allowed attorneys and court officials (including himself) the right to remove their jackets during hot-weather days, and then he dashed off a poem to mark the event:

Oh, why should judges stew and sweat,
As hot and hotter it doth get.
Can they not justice fine dispense
Without such suffering intense?
Why should we not our coats remove—
Our sense of freedom to improve—
And show our shirts (if clean they be)
Without a loss of dignity?

Controversies and notable cases

In 1948 three justices of the District Court of Appeal castigated Burnell for his "improper conduct," which the Los Angeles Times called "the latest of several directed at Judge Burnell by the high tribunal over the years." "For the first time, however," the Times added, "two of the Appeal Court justices made a point of outlining how the offending jurist might be removed from the bench." The two judges noted that the State Judicial Commission could retire a jurist "for reason of mental disability that is, or is like to become[,] of a permanent character" or that a two-thirds vote of each house of the Legislature could oust him.

Controversies and notable cases included:

 Burnell's  1927 proposal of a contract-term marriage as a "cure for the divorce evil" brought a "storm of protest from the local clergy which threatened to recall him from the bench." The next year, when a jury deliberating a bad check charge reported it was divided 10-2, he caused a furor "by directing the bailiff to order ten dinners and two bunches of carrots" for the jurymen.

 In 1936 he presided over a manslaughter trial in which film director and choreographer Busby Berkeley was accused of causing the deaths of three people in an automobile accident. That trial ended in a hung jury, and Burnell was then scheduled to handle a second trial. Instead, he was abruptly transferred from the criminal to the civil department of Superior Court, and he demanded an investigation in a letter he sent to all his fellow judges and to the press. Burnell said he had received a telephone message urging him to "give Berkeley all the breaks" or he would be removed from the criminal courts docket. But Presiding Judge Douglas L. Edmonds said the transfer had been ordered the preceding year and that Edmonds was not acquainted with the Berkeley case.
 Burnell was accused in 1939 of being "biased and prejudiced" in a divorce case in which he awarded custody of two children to their father instead of their mother. The woman charged that Burnell favored husbands over wives "because of his own domestic troubles which ended in divorce" five years previous. She asked that the decision be set aside and that Burnell be taken off the case. Burnell said his relation with his former wife was "most cordial" and that he was "not soured" against wives because of that situation." The mother's contention was dismissed in her appeal to Superior Judge Hartley Shaw.

 The judge presided over the 1941 trial of film actor Wallace Beery and four Beverly Hills, California, police officers, accused of malicious prosecution and the false arrest of a former Beery friend, Allan B. Whitney, at Beery's home. A jury found that all were innocent, and after the trial Burnell told the jury members that "If there ever were a case tried before me where there was a holdup—in other words an effort to enrich one's self at the expense of someone else—this was the case."
 Burnell issued a "precedent-establishing" decision in a case pitting actress Olivia de Havilland against Warner Brothers when he ruled that her seven-year contract should run for seven calendar years, without deductions for the numerous times that the studio had suspended her for refusing roles that she felt were "unsuited to her ability" and therefore she was not working.
 He granted a divorce in 1943 to Jane Fowler, the wife of film editor Gene Fowler Jr., who had testified that her husband's treatment of her caused her to lose twenty pounds in two weeks. "Women never complain about losing weight until they ask for a divorce—otherwise they brag about it," Burnell remarked.

 In 1946, Burnell apportioned $134,700 in damages caused by a 1938 flood in Glendale, California, among 11 claimants, including film actor Ralph Bellamy, after a jury found that the Los Angeles County Flood Control District was negligent in work it had done in the Los Angeles River channel. Bellamy got $25,000 for damage to his house.
 He "waxed hot under his judicial collar," as the Los Angeles Times put it, when in 1946 city workers dug a trench in front of his house and filled it "with a substance that the jurist asserts is softer than warm custard, and just as gooey." In a "caustic letter" to the Board of Public Works, he "good-naturedly suggested" that the street be repaired and

you might ask the Mayor [ Fletcher Bowron ] to do it personally. I notice he is getting a little overweight and the exercise would do him good and take his mind off fighting with the City Council. Or you might ask the members of that body to do the job. I think they would all be better off, and so would the public if they were doing a little honest work instead of making damned fools of themselves . . . .

 Refusing to grant actor John Carradine a delay in his 1946 attempt to set aside an out-of-court property settlement with his wife, Ardanella C. Carradine, Burnell forced Carradine to fly to Los Angeles from Cohasset, Massachusetts, where he was appearing in a play, to testify. Burnell dismissed Carradine's attempt to break the settlement with the remark that the actor "was so anxious to get rid of his marital bond that he would have signed anything" in order to marry his next wife, Sonia Sorel.
 Burnell refused a divorce to actress Virginia Engels in 1947 on the grounds that she and her husband had agreed to the breakup. "This is a typical motion-picture divorce," he said. "It's in keeping with the Hollywood idea of giving the marriage no fair trial. . . . This is collusion. Decree denied."

Metropolitan News-Enterprise series

In April 2001 Roger M. Grace, a lawyer and columnist for the legal newspaper Metropolitan News-Enterprise, wrote a three-piece series whose headlines called Burnell a "Judicial Tyrant of Many Years Past" and "A Barb-Spewing Jurist." Grace wrote that Burnell had been chastised by appellate courts or individual higher judges for his remarks and actions in court. Grace's text noted that:

A source of particular consternation to the bar and fellow judges for a three-decade period in the first half of the last century . . . . was . . . Charles S. Burnell. Near the end of his career, two justices in a Court of Appeal opinion called for his removal from the bench either by a judicial commission, based on mental disability, or by the Legislature through the impeachment process. . . . A string of smart-aleck statements by the judge [were] aimed at defense lawyers. . . . . [Burnell had] a propensity for popping off. . . . [He was] long in tenure, short of fuse. His oppressiveness and his continual in-court utterance of insults is immortalized in opinions contained in the Official Reports. . . . The gibes included an insinuation that the plaintiff's counsel was not much of a lawyer and a remark that a witness "took a nice little nap on the witness stand when he wasn't testifying."

References and notes

Los Angeles City Attorneys
1874 births
1949 deaths
People from Elko, Nevada


title: Daniel Denison (colonist)

text:
Major-General Daniel Denison (September 20, 1682) was an English-born military officer and politician who spent the majority of his life in the Massachusetts Bay Colony.

Early life

He was the son of William Denison, an early settler of Roxbury, Massachusetts.  He arrived in Roxbury with his parents in 1631, likely with the "apostle"  Puritan Minister John Eliot, on the ship Lyon.  Daniel Denison moved away in 1633 to become one of the first settlers of Cambridge.  He married Patience Dudley, the daughter of Massachusetts Governor Thomas Dudley.  He became a freeman of Cambridge on April 1, 1634, and served on the first Constable's committee to execute land allocation in the establishment of Cambridge (so ordered Feb. 3, 1634). He moved to Ipswich in 1635 to take up leadership responsibilities in the defense of the colony, and to develop a career in governance.

Career

In Ipswich he was elected deputy to the Massachusetts General Court in 1635–1637 and from 1640 to 1652.  He was elected speaker of the General Court in 1649, 1651 and 1652.  In 1643 the town of Ipswich granted him 200 acres of land.

He was captain of the first train band (militia company) of Ipswich in 1636.  In 1644 he was chosen as the commander of the Essex Regiment of the Massachusetts Militia with the rank of sergeant major (equivalent to the modern rank of major).  In 1653 he was appointed as sergeant major general (equivalent to the modern rank of major general) in command of the Massachusetts Militia.

In 1654 he was elected as one of the assistants on the Governor's Council and held that office until his death.

In May 1658 he was chosen by the General Court to codify the laws of the colony.  As payment for this effort, he was granted one quarter of Block Island (now a part of Rhode Island).

In 1660 he was elected as a member of the Artillery Company of Massachusetts.  He was elected for a one-year term as the Company's captain in June of the same year.

During King Philip's War in 1675 he was the commander of the Massachusetts Militia but was unable to serve in the field due to illness.  Major Thomas Savage commanded the militia in his place.

He died in Ipswich on September 20, 1682, and is buried in the High Street Burial Ground in that town.

Notes

The Town of Roxbury, Thirty-fourth Report - Boston Records: Its memorable persons and places; its history and antiquities with numerous illustrations of its old landmarks and noted personages.  Frances S. Drake (1905).  Boston: Municipal Printing Company. [p. 50]. [Accessed in Local History Room, Watertown Free Public Library, Watertown, MA].
Proprietors' Records of the Town of Cambridge, 1635-1829.  (1896). Cambridge, MA: University Press. [p. 2.]  Alt Title "The Register Book of the Lands and Houses in the "New Towne" and The Town of Cambridge with the Records of the Proprietors of the Common Lands". [Accessed in Local History Room, Watertown Free Public Library, Watertown, MA].
Ipswich in the Massachusetts Bay Colony, 1633-1700.  Waters (1905).  Ipswich, MA: The Ipswich Historical Society. [p. 120-127]. [Accessed in Local History Room, Watertown Free Public Library, Watertown, MA].
History of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company of Massachusetts. 1637-1888.  Oliver Ayer Roberts. Boston. 1897. Volume 1. [pp. 191–192]. (Cited as Roberts.)

References

1612 births
1682 deaths
People from colonial Boston
People of colonial Massachusetts
King Philip's War
Speakers of the Massachusetts House of Representatives (colonial period)


title: Immaculate Heart Church, Karnal

text:
The Church of Immaculate Heart of Mary usually known as Immaculate Heart Church, Karnal is located in Karnal city of Haryana, India. It stands on Kunjpura Road near National Highway 1 of India besides the well known St. Theresa's Convent School. It has been declared as a historical monument by Indian National Trust for Art and Cultural Heritage.  The Church of Immaculate Heart of Mary is dedicated to Blessed Virgin Mary, mother of  Jesus Christ.

History
The foundation stone of the Church of Immaculate Heart of Mary was blessed and laid by Rt. Rev. John Burke (B.A., L.L.D., D.D.), Bishop of Shimla on 26 August 1962. The Church of Immaculate Heart of Mary was blessed by Rt. Revd. Mons. Alfred Fernandez (D.D.) Bishop of Shimla and Chandigarh on 22 August 1968.

Architecture

The church is built in Victorian style of architecture.  The main structure consists of an altar, a baptistry, a pulpit and two vestries. The pulpit of the church is adorned with velvet curtains. The floor of the church is made up of geometrical tiles. A ground is also located at the back of the church for ceremonial purposes.

Structures

The main hall cover an area of 1325 square feet and can accommodate around 40 people. The walls of the hall are 2 feet thick. The bell is another feature of the church.

Grotto
There is a grotto of Mary at the entrance of the church boundary.

Administration

The church is a Latin Rite church administered by Roman Catholic Diocese of Simla and Chandigarh, an archdiocese of the Catholic Church in India.

Parish Members
There are 100 families, totalling 500 people. The Catholic devotees consist of people from various regions of India such as Jharkhand, Punjab, South India etc. apart from local Christians who settled locally for reason of employment.

Parish Council
There is also a parish council of the church whose members take decisions regarding the welfare of Church people; the decisions regarding feast celebration, organisation of camps are taken with the consent of parish members. Representatives from All India Christian Council are also invited when taking major decisions. A monthly meeting is held for this purpose.

Mahila Mandal
To empower the women of the parish, the church has set up a welfare group for women which enables women in strengthening them morally and financially by a committee system.

Youth
Indian Catholic Youth Movement being the apex body under the auspices of Catholic Bishops' Conference of India works for the development of Christian youth helps the upcoming Christian youth various seminars, Retreat camps are simultaneously organised for and by youth with the helping hands of parish council members. The function of the youth is to provide their services at times of social services at church as choir, musician, church decoration etc. Duties are rotated among the members of group and hence responsible ones are nominated as leaders for the group.

Priest in the service of Church
The current parish Priest are of Indian Missionary Society.

References

1962 establishments in East Punjab
Karnal
Roman Catholic churches in Haryana
Tourist attractions in Haryana


title: Banker's lamp

text:
The banker's lamp is a style of electric desk or table lamp often characterized by a brass stand, green glass lamp shade, and pull-chain switch.
Such a lamp was first patented in the United States under the Emeralite brand name. These types of lamp are frequently used in libraries throughout the United States, which have made the lamp popular through their presence in films and TV series. Other examples can feature different colours of glass, and alternate switch types.

History
The first patent for a banker's lamp was filed on 11 May 1909 by Harrison D. McFaddin, and were produced and sold under the brand name Emeralite ("emerald" and "light"). Emeralite lamp shades were produced by the J. Schreiber & Neffen factory located in the city of Rapotín, Moravia. Later competitors were sold as "Greenalite", "Verdelite", and "Amronlite".

A British version of  the banker's lamp was  filed for a patent in 1929, which, instead of a glass shade, has a solid brass shade or reflector.  In addition, the positions of both the pedestal and the shade are adjustable. Examples are commonly seen on the secondhand market.

See also
Green eyeshade
Tiffany lamp

References

Glass art
Industrial design
Light fixtures
Types of lamp


title: Bang Bang (Jessie J, Ariana Grande and Nicki Minaj song)

text:
"Bang Bang" is a song by recording artists Jessie J, Ariana Grande and Nicki Minaj. It was written by Max Martin, Savan Kotecha, Rickard Göransson, Grande and Minaj. It was produced by Martin, Göransson, and Ilya, with Kuk Harrell serving as a vocal producer. The song was first sent to hot adult contemporary radio on 28 July 2014 through Republic Records and released as a digital download the next day by Lava and Republic Records as the lead single from Jessie J's third studio album Sweet Talker (2014). It is also included on the deluxe version of Grande's second studio album My Everything (2014), serving as the third single from that album.

"Bang Bang" debuted at number six and later peaked at number three on the US Billboard Hot 100. It debuted at number one in the United Kingdom becoming Jessie's third number one, Grande's second number one debut that year, and marked Minaj's first number one single on the chart. The song reached the top ten in multiple other countries including Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Denmark, Finland, Ireland, Israel, Netherlands, New Zealand, Scotland, and South Korea. The song received universal acclaim for Jessie and Grande's vocal performance, its production, and Minaj's verse. "Bang Bang" was nominated for Best Pop Duo/Group Performance at the 57th Grammy Awards in 2015 and won Favorite Song of the Year at the 2015 Kids' Choice Awards. In February 2021, "Bang Bang" was certified eight-times platinum by the RIAA, and has sold 3.5 million copies in the US since its release.

Background
The song was written by Savan Kotecha, Ariana Grande, Max Martin, and Carolina Liar guitarist Rickard Göransson, while the latter two co-produced it with Ilya Salmanzadeh. Minaj added her rap later. Martin had already previously collaborated with Jessie J ("Domino"), Grande ("Problem", "Break Free"), and Minaj ("Va Va Voom", "Masquerade").

The song was originally offered to and recorded by Grande, who did not like the result. Republic Records EVP Wendy Goldstein then sent it to EVP Rob Stevenson who got a demo of the song played to Jessie J, which she decided to record. Following her recording, Republic Records sent it to Minaj to record her verse. Goldstein then sent it to CEO Monte Lipman, who insisted that Grande listen to it. Grande was impressed, surprised by Jessie J and Minaj also being on the song, and agreed to remain on the song. However, in interviews, Jessie J stated she recorded it first and that Martin wanted Grande on it too, so it is unclear if Jessie bent the truth or was not told by executives that Grande was first to record.

Jessie later said that "It was like a real females, coming together, empowering, supportive [vibe], and then Nicki jumping on it was like the icing on the cake."

On various dates in July 2014, each of the artists uploaded snippets of the song on each of their Instagram profiles: Jessie J on 9 July, Minaj on 23 July, and Grande on 4 July.

Composition

"Bang Bang" is an up-tempo, "soulful" song, that features a "clap-heavy" production, built over "big bouncy beats and horn blasts." The song mixes pop with Minaj's rap verses making it a hip pop song. It's in the key of C Mixolydian mode, with the vocals making use of the C blues scale. The tempo is 150 BPM (Allegro). The melody of the chorus has been compared to the melody of the first line of "Wake Me Up Before You Go-Go" by Wham!.

Critical reception
"Bang Bang" received critical acclaim from critics. Rob Sheffield of Rolling Stone called the song a "perfect Max Martin throwdown" that "fuses Nelly's 'Country Grammar' with Wham!'s 'Wake Me Up Before You Go-Go,' which is some truly twisted pop archaeology."
Carolyn Menyes from Music Times called the song "[a] Huge successful hit of Summer 2014" and thought that "[the] song is going straight to the top of the charts." Zach Frydenlund from Complex praised Jessie J's and Ariana's heavenly vocals in the song but concentrated more on Nicki's "catchy killer verse" stating that "it's Nicki who really steals the show with her verse". Jason Lipshutz from Billboard responded positively to the song, saying that the song itself "[is] composed of piercing vocals courtesy of two contemporary crooners, as well as rapid-fire spitting from the hottest female MC on the planet, "Bang Bang" rests tidily upon the Jessie J assertion, "See anybody could be good to you/You need a bad girl to blow your mind."

Vulture's Lindsey Weber thought the song was "no 'Lady Marmalade,'" but praised it saying "it's catchy enough to make a splash.” Chris Martins from Spin stated that the song is "powerful", and credits Minaj for the song's noteworthy energy. "What makes the track so big? Well, um, ask Nicki Minaj." He goes on to further praise Minaj's performance on the song, affirming that "The 'Anaconda'-taming MC rips a few mics on the loud and proud pop-soul song." Lewis Corner from Digital Spy gave the song four and a half stars out of five and said that is "one of the year's most electrifying pop anthems."

Accolades

Commercial performance
In the United States, "Bang Bang" debuted atop the Billboard Digital Songs chart selling 230,000 digital downloads in the week ending August 3, 2014, becoming Grande's and Minaj's second chart-topper there, and Jessie J's first. Its first-week sales also marked the third-largest sales debut for a song in 2014, behind Grande's own "Problem" and Taylor Swift's "Shake It Off", both of which were co-written by Max Martin. The song launched on the US Billboard Hot 100 at number six, making it the second-highest new entry of 2014 on that chart at the time, also behind Grande's "Problem". The song marked Jessie J's second, Grande's third, and Minaj's tenth top ten single in the United States. It also became Grande's second consecutive top ten hit of 2014, after "Problem" which peaked at number two for five weeks. In its second week on the Hot 100, "Bang Bang" slid down to number nine selling an additional 141,000 digital downloads. The song rebounded following the release of its music video and reached a peak of number three, holding that position for two non-consecutive weeks, being kept off the top spot by Meghan Trainor's "All About That Bass" and Swift's "Shake It Off". Overall, "Bang Bang" spent sixteen consecutive weeks in the top ten, and a total of 31 weeks charting on the Hot 100.

On Billboards Mainstream Top 40 (Pop Songs) chart, the song debuted at number 19 and reached a peak of number two, becoming Jessie J's highest hit single since her 2012 single "Domino" also peaked at number two there. The song became Grande's second-highest peak at the time after "Problem" topped the chart. It also was Minaj's third number-two hit on that chart after her collaborations with Justin Bieber on "Beauty and a Beat" and David Guetta on "Turn Me On". Grande and Minaj would later reach number one with "Side to Side" in 2016. On the Streaming Songs chart, the song debuted at number 21 registering 3 million streams in its first week, and reached the top position on the issue dated 13 September 2014. In Canada, the single peaked at number three on the Canadian Hot 100, equaling "Problem" as Grande's highest peak in the country at the time. The song was later certified triple platinum in March 2015 for selling over 240,000 units there.

In the United Kingdom, "Bang Bang" debuted at number one on the UK Singles Chart with 92,000 downloads, becoming Jessie J's third, Grande's second, and Minaj's first number-one single in the country. It consequently became the first song by a lead female rapper to debut at the top spot, and the third song by a female rapper to reach number one overall since Missy Elliott's feature on "I Want You Back" in 1998 and Lil' Kim's feature on "Lady Marmalade" in 2001. The single has since been certified double platinum by the BPI for shipments of over 1.2 million copies in the United Kingdom. On the Irish Singles Chart, the track reached number three. In Australia, "Bang Bang"  peaked at number four on the Australian ARIA Charts, her third consecutive top-five single there. It also peaked at number one on the Urban Singles Chart and was certified triple platinum by the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) for shipments of over 210,000 copies. Internationally, the song has also peaked within the top ten of the charts in Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Denmark, Finland, Ireland, Israel, Netherlands, New Zealand, Scotland, and South Korea.

Music video
The song's accompanying video was shot over two days in Los Angeles, California, and was directed by Hannah Lux Davis. The video was officially previewed and teased in a Beats by Dr. Dre commercial that aired on 20 August 2014. Following the ad's airing, it was announced that the music video would arrive shortly after the trio's performance at the 2014 MTV Video Music Awards. On 24 August 2014, the official video was uploaded on MTV's website and was available for international viewing. On 25 August 2014, the video was released via Jessie J's Vevo account and was Vevo-certified on 5 November, having surpassed 110 million views.

Live performances
Jessie J, Ariana Grande, and Nicki Minaj performed the song together at the 2014 MTV Video Music Awards on 24 August 2014, in Inglewood, California, following the performances of Grande's "Break Free" and Minaj's "Anaconda". They sang it at the 2014 American Music Awards on 23 November 2014 in Los Angeles, California.

In November 2014, Grande performed the song with Little Big Town at the 48th Annual Country Music Association Awards. She performed the song by herself at the 2014 Victoria's Secret Fashion Show in London, UK on 9 December 2014 and during her international tour, The Honeymoon Tour. Since the start of the Dangerous Woman Tour, Grande has also sung the song herself.  Grande also performed the song with Minaj at the NBA All-Star Game halftime show on 15 February 2015, as well as at the iHeartRadio Music Festival.

Grande and Minaj performed the song in April 2019 at the Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival despite there being audio problems with Minaj's mic. On 18 April 2020, Jessie J performed the song by herself in One World: Together at Home in her house during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Other usage
The song has been featured in the short-lived CBS TV drama series Stalker.
"Bang Bang" was used in a dance sequence between Emily Fields and Hanna Marin on the hit Freeform Teen drama series Pretty Little Liars.
The song became a recurring joke on the podcast Comedy Bang! Bang! when House of Lies actor Ben Schwartz began singing the song with altered lyrics to be about the show itself.
In 2018, the song was featured in the "lip sync for the crown" segment of drag queen reality competition RuPaul's Drag Race, where contestants Aquaria, Kameron Michaels and Eureka O'Hara had to lipsync to it in order to win the show's tenth season.
In October 2019, the song was used by Cadillac in an advertisement for its 2019 XT4 vehicle. A lyric in the song uses the company's name.
Grammy Award-winning singer Michelle Williams performed the song on the second US series of The Masked Singer as the "Butterfly".
The song was performed in the seventh episode of the South Korean music reality program Produce 101; the performance became a trending topic on social media with Jessie J sharing its video on her Facebook page. Jessie J's response later made the program's executive producer Han Dong-chul proud in an interview on 10 March 2016, saying: "It’s such an honor that the original singer of the song has mentioned our show. And I’m also proud that our contestants performed it so well."

Formats and track listingsCD single"Bang Bang" – 3:19
"Bang Bang" (Jessie J solo version) – 3:11Digital download"Bang Bang" – 3:19

 Digital download – Remixes EP"Bang Bang" (Dada Life Remix) – 3:34
"Bang Bang" (Kat Krazy Remix) – 3:57
"Bang Bang" (3LAU Remix) – 3:06
"Bang Bang" (Imanos and Gramercy Remix) – 3:44
"Bang Bang" (Super Stylers Remix) – 3:33

 Streaming – Remixes'''
"Bang Bang" (Dada Life Remix) – 3:34
"Bang Bang" (Kat Krazy Remix) – 3:57
"Bang Bang" (3LAU Remix) – 3:06
"Bang Bang" (Imanos and Gramercy Remix) – 3:44
"Bang Bang" (Super Stylers Remix) – 3:33
"Bang Bang" (iLL BLU Mix Radio Edit) – 3:44

Credits and personnel
Credits adapted from My Everything'' deluxe edition liner notes.

Recording
Jessie J's vocals recorded at Metropolis Studios (London)
Ariana Grande's vocals recorded at Conway Recording Studios (Los Angeles, California)
Nicki Minaj's vocals recorded at Glenwood Place Studios (Burbank, California)
Mixed at MixStar Studios (Virginia Beach, Virginia)
Mastered at Sterling Sound (New York City, New York)

Management
MXM (administered by Kobalt) (ASCAP) and Harajuku Barbie Music/Money Mack Music/Songs of Universal, Inc. (BMI)
Nicki Minaj appears courtesy of Young Money Entertainment/Cash Money Records

Personnel

Jessie J – lead vocals
Ariana Grande – lead vocals, songwriting
Nicki Minaj – lead vocals, songwriting
Max Martin – songwriting, production for MXM Productions, programming, keyboards
Rickard Göransson – songwriting, production for MXM Productions, programming, guitars, bass, keyboards, percussion, background vocals
Savan Kotecha – songwriting
Ilya – production for Wolf Cousins Productions, programming, background vocals
Peter Carlsson – vocal engineering, drums, percussion
Johan Carlsson – keyboards
Kuk Harrell – vocal production, vocal engineering for Suga Wuga Music, Inc.
Jonas Thander – horns
Joi Gilliam – background vocals
Taura Stinson – background vocals
Chonita Gillespie – background vocals
Paul Norris – vocal production assistant, vocal engineering assistant
Sam Holland – engineering
Cory Bice – engineering assistant
Şerban Ghenea – mixing
John Hanes – mixing assistant
Tom Coyne – mastering
Aya Merrill – mastering

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Certifications and sales

Notes

Release history

See also

 List of best-selling singles in the United States

References

2014 songs
2014 singles
Nicki Minaj songs
Jessie J songs
Ariana Grande songs
Lava Records singles
Republic Records singles
Number-one singles in Scotland
UK Singles Chart number-one singles
Music videos directed by Hannah Lux Davis
Songs written by Nicki Minaj
Songs written by Max Martin
Songs written by Savan Kotecha
Song recordings produced by Ilya Salmanzadeh
Song recordings produced by Max Martin
Songs written by Rickard Göransson


The 2000 Little League Softball World Series was held in Portland, Oregon from August 13 to August 19, 2000. Four teams from the United States and four from throughout the world competed for the Little League Softball World Championship.

Teams
Each team that competes in the tournament will come out of one of the 8 regions.

Bracket
See footnote.

Consolation

Final standings

References

2000 in softball
2000 in sports in Oregon
Little League Softball World Series
Softball in Oregon


The Air Force Installation and Mission Support Center (AFIMSC), headquartered at Joint Base San Antonio-Lackland (JBSA-Lackland), Texas, is one of six centers aligned under Air Force Materiel Command for the United States Air Force. AFIMSC serves as the single intermediate-level headquarters responsible for providing installation and mission support to 77 Air Force installations, nine major commands and two direct reporting units with an annual budget of approximately $10 billion. The center comprises four directorates, 10 detachments, and four primary subordinate units, or PSUs. The AFIMSC cross-functional team provides globally integrated management, resourcing and combat support operations for Airmen and family services, base communications, chaplain, civil engineering, contracting, logistics readiness, public affairs, security forces and financial management programs.

History

In 2013, United States Secretary of Defense Chuck Hagel directed service secretaries and chiefs to find inefficiencies across their headquarters organizations that will save 20 percent in total operating budgets. Then-Secretary of the Air Force Michael B. Donley and Chief of Staff of the Air Force Mark Welsh challenged their staffs to identify options to reduce overhead costs, increase efficiencies, eliminate redundant activities, and improve effectiveness and business processes to help meet the 20 percent reduction target.

The center was announced on July 11, 2014 as a result of Chuck Hagel's direction. Joint Base Andrews, Maryland served as the temporary headquarters during the base selection process. Joint Base San Antonio, Texas was selected to host AFIMSC Headquarters in January 2015, in large part due to 50 percent of AFIMSC's personnel resided at that base.

The center was activated on April 6, 2015 and reached initial operating capability on Oct. 1, 2015 and full operational capability in October 2016. The Air Force moved several field operating agencies under AFIMSC, including the Air Force Security Forces Center, Air Force Civil Engineer Center, Air Force Services Activity, Air Force Financial Management Center of Expertise, Air Force Financial Services Center, and Air Force Installation Contracting Agency.

Maj. Gen. Theresa Carter was announced as the center's provisional commander.  General Carter previously served as the special assistant to the commander of AFMC, developing the strategy and implementation plan for the AFIMSC. , the current commander is Maj. Gen. John T. Wilcox II.

Units

AFIMSC currently comprises the following units:

 Air Force Installation and Mission Support Center (JBSA-Lackland)
 Expeditionary Support and Innovation Directorate
 Strategy and Innovation Division
 Expeditionary Support Division
 Installation Support Directorate
 Installation Engineering Division
 Protection Services Division
 Cyber Support Division
 Chaplain Corps Division
 Installation Deployment Division
 Airman & Family Services Division
 Mission Activity Integration Division
 Resources Directorate
 Resource Management Analysis Division
 Cost & Comparative Analysis Division
 Financial Operations Division
 Integration Division
 Planning and Programming Division
 Detachment 1 (Peterson Space Force Base) - United States Space Force Support
 Detachment 2 (Joint Base Pearl Harbor–Hickam) - Pacific Air Forces Support
 Detachment 3 (Hurlburt Field) - Air Force Special Operations Command Support
 Detachment 4 (Ramstein Air Base) - United States Air Forces in Europe – Air Forces Africa Support
 Detachment 5 (Joint Base Andrews) - Air Force District of Washington Support
 Detachment 6 (Wright-Patterson Air Force Base) - Air Force Materiel Command Support
 Detachment 7 (JBSA-Randolph) - Air Education and Training Command Support
 Detachment 8 (Joint Base Langley-Eustis) - Air Combat Command Support
 Detachment 9 (Scott Air Force Base) - Air Mobility Command Support
 Detachment 10 (Barksdale Air Force Base) - Air Force Global Strike Command Support
 Air Force Civil Engineer Center (AFCEC) (JBSA-Lackland)
 Facility Engineering Directorate
 Mobility/Support Forces Design and Construction Division
 Strategic Design and Construction Division
 Pacific Division
 Europe Division
 Technical Services Division
 Environmental Directorate
 Operations Division
 Compliance Division
 Environmental Restoration Division
 Technical Support Division
 National Environmental Policy Act Division
 Legislative and Regulatory Engagement Division
 Installations Directorate
 Housing Portfolio Management Division
 Real Property Management Division
 Real Estate Development Division
 BRAC Program Management Division
 Energy Directorate - (Tyndall Air Force Base)
 Performance Measurement and Analysis Division
 Program Development Division
 Program Execution Division
 Rates and Renewables Division
 Utilities Privatization Division
 Readiness Directorate - (Tyndall Air Force Base)
 Explosive Ordnance Disposal Division
 Emergency Management Division
 Fire Emergency Services Division
 Expeditionary Engineering Division
 Joint Explosive Ordnance Technology Division
 Requirements, Research, Development and Acquisition Division
 Operations Directorate - (Tyndall Air Force Base)
 Asset Visibility Division
 Operations Maintenance Division
 Engineer Division
 Civil Engineer Maintenance, Inspection, and Repair Team Division
 Force Development Division
 Planning and Integration Directorate
 Comprehensive Planning Division
 Project Development Investment Division
 Requirement Identification and Development Division
 Business Information Systems & Requirements Directorate
 Analysis and Requirements Division
 Business Systems Management Division
 Business Systems Program Development Division
 Strategic Acquisition & Category Management Directorate

 Air Force Security Forces Center (AFSFC) (JBSA-Lackland)
 Confinement and Corrections Directorate (FC)
 Operations and Training Directorate (S2/3)
 Operations Fusion Cell (S2N)
 Law and Order Division (S3P)
 Mission Assurance Division (S3M)
 Training Division (S3T)
 Air Base Air Defense Division (S3A)
 Logistics Directorate (S4)
 Equipment & Resources Division (S4E)
 Weapons Management Division (S4W)
 Strategic Plans and Requirements Directorate (S5/6)
 Requirements Division (S5G)
 Concepts and Innovation Branch (S5F)
 Information Technology Division (S6T)
 Operating Location Echo
 Operating Location Foxtrot - (Eglin Air Force Base)
 Detachment 1 - (Fort Leavenworth)
 Detachment 2 - (MCAS Miramar)
 Operating Location Alpha - (Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam)
 Operating Location Bravo - (Joint Base Charleston)
 Operating Location Charlie - (Naval Support Activity Northwest Annex)
 Detachment 3 - (Fort Bliss)
 Air Force Services Center (AFSVC) (JBSA-Lackland)
 Mission Operations Directorate
 Community Programs Directorate
 Business Operations Directorate
 Installation Support Directorate
 Financial Management and Comptroller Directorate
 Non-appropriated Fund (NAF) Procurement Directorate
 Business Information Technology Systems Directorate
 Director of Staff and Requirements
 Air Force Installation Contracting Center (AFICC) (Wright-Patterson Air Force Base)
 Acquisition Support Directorate (KP)
 Contingency Contracting Directorate (KQ)
 Enterprise Solutions Support Directorate (KA)
 Personnel & Resources Directorate (KX)
 Resource Management Directorate (RM)
 Small Business Directorate (SB)
 771st Enterprise Sourcing Squadron
 772nd Enterprise Sourcing Squadron (JBSA-Lackland)
 773rd Enterprise Sourcing Squadron (JBSA-Lackland)
 774th Enterprise Sourcing Squadron (Offutt Air Force Base)
 Operating Location ACC (KC) (Joint Base Langley–Eustis) – Air Combat Command Support
 Operating Location USSF (KS) (Peterson Space Force Base) – United States Space Force Support
 Operating Location AFGSC (KG) (Barksdale Air Force Base) – Air Force Global Strike Command Support
 767th Enterprise Sourcing Flight
 Operating Location PACAF (KH) (Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam) – Pacific Air Forces Support
 766th Enterprise Sourcing Squadron
 Operating Location AMC (KM) (Scott Air Force Base) – Air Mobility Command Support
 763rd Enterprise Sourcing Squadron
 Operating Location USAFE (KU) (Ramstein Air Base) – United States Air Forces in Europe – Air Forces Africa Support
 764th Enterprise Sourcing Squadron
 Operating Location AETC (KT) (JBSA-Randolph) – Air Education and Training Command Support
 338th Enterprise Sourcing Squadron
 Operating Location AFSOC (KO) (Hurlburt Field) – Air Force Special Operations Command Support
 765th Enterprise Sourcing Flight

List of commanders

References

External links
Information from the Air Force

Centers of the United States Air Force


The Delta State Statesmen and Lady Statesmen are the athletic teams that represent Delta State University, located in Cleveland, Mississippi, in intercollegiate sports at the Division II level of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). The Statesmen have primarily competed in the Gulf South Conference since the 1970–71 academic year.

Delta State competes in 15 intercollegiate varsity sports. Men's sports include baseball, basketball, cheerleading, football, golf, soccer, swimming and diving, and tennis; while women's sports include basketball, cheerleading, cross country, soccer, softball, swimming and diving, and tennis.

Conference affiliations
 Gulf South Conference (1970–present)

Varsity teams

Baseball

National Championships

Draft
Delta State has had 34 Major League Baseball Draft selections since the draft began in 1965.

Football
 For the current season, see 2022 Delta State Statesmen football team.

Program achievements

Women's basketball

The Lady Statesman began play in 1925. They are the only Division II team with 1,000 wins. They play in the Gulf South Conference. Delta State plays their home games at Walter Sillers Coliseum. They have made the NCAA Tournament 27 times, with a record of 57–25. They are coached by Craig Roden. Margaret Wade coached them to three AIAW National titles, while Lloyd Clark coached them to three Division II titles.

AIAW Championships

NCAA Division II Championships

Notable alumni

Baseball
 Trent Giambrone
 Greg Goff
 Brent Leach

Football
 George Chesser
 Pete Golding
 Jack Gregory
 Mark Hudspeth
 Anthony Maddox
 Aubrey Matthews
 Wilbur Myers
 Aubrey Rozzell

Men's basketball
 Thermon Blacklidge
 Sam Little
 Todd Mundt
 Scott Nagy
 Chico Potts
 Jeremy Richardson

Women's swimming and diving
 Gabriela Santis

References

External links


title: Mieczysław Albert Krąpiec

text:
Mieczysław Albert Maria Krąpiec OP (25 May 1921 in Berezowica Mała near Ternopil – 8 May 2008 in Lublin) – a Polish Roman Catholic priest, philosopher (thomist), theologian, humanist and social scientist, the rector of Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski (1970-1983), the founder of the Lublin Philosophical School, the initiator and president of the scientific committee of Powszechna Encyklopedia Filozofii.

Sources
Polish Society of Thomas Aquinas

1921 births
2008 deaths
John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin
Dominican Order
20th-century Polish Roman Catholic priests
Catholic philosophers
Thomists
20th-century Polish philosophers


title: Tennessee State Route 304

text:
State Route 304 (SR 304) is a state highway in Meigs and Roane counties in the eastern portion of the U.S. state of Tennessee. It connects Decatur to Kingston via SR 68 and Ten Mile. It provides access to many marinas and lakeside homes along Watts Bar Lake.

Route description

SR 304 begins in Meigs County in Decatur at SR 58 and heads north and after 2.4 miles it begins to follow closely to the Tennessee River and Chickamauga Lake (and past Watts Bar Dam, Watts Bar Lake). It passes close to Watts Bar Dam and across the river is Watts Bar Nuclear Generating Station.

In the same area as the dam, SR 304 junctions with SR 68 and begins a 0.6-mile-long wrong-way concurrency. Then it turns east on SR 68 toward Sweetwater to a junction where SR 304 turns northward and SR 68 continues southeast.

SR 304 again begins to follow closely to the Tennessee River and enters the community of Ten Mile and passes some businesses, marinas and the community's post office.

It then leaves the river for a short distance and enters Roane County and continues to follow the river, until it comes to an end at SR 58 south of Kingston and north of Ten Mile.

Major junctions

References

304
Transportation in Meigs County, Tennessee
Transportation in Roane County, Tennessee
Roane County, Tennessee
Meigs County, Tennessee


title: Dr. J. A. Reuter House

text:
The Dr. J. A. Reuter House is a historic house in The Dalles, Oregon, United States. John Alexander Reuter (1876–1954) practiced medicine in The Dalles for 44 years (1902–1946), joining a partnership that established the city's first hospital (1901) and nursing school, as well as a large private clinic (1937). He bought this house (originally built 1890) in 1909 and radically transformed it by jacking the old house up to become the second floor and building a new first floor beneath. He also completely remodeled it to become the city's finest example of the Craftsman style.

The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1997.

See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Wasco County, Oregon

References

External links

Houses completed in 1890
Houses completed in 1909
1890 establishments in Oregon
Houses in The Dalles, Oregon
National Register of Historic Places in Wasco County, Oregon
Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Oregon
American Craftsman architecture in Oregon


title: Albert Elmore

text:
Albert B. Elmore (November 19, 1904 – July 26, 1988) was an American college football coach and player, college basketball coach, and college athletics administrator. A graduate of the University of Alabama, Elmore led the Troy State Teachers College (now known as Troy University) from 1931 to 1936, compiling a 31–20–2 record. He also coached basketball at the Virginia Military Institute for one season in the late 1930s.

Coaching career
Following his graduation from University of Alabama, Elmore began coaching in 1931 at the Troy State Teachers College. He is credited with changing the team mascot to "Red Wave" (this was a variation of Alabama's "Crimson Tide", and the current nickname is "Trojans"). In seven years at Troy State, five of which were winning seasons, Elmore compiled a 35–30–3 record.

Elmore then left for the Virginia Military Institute (VMI) in Lexington, Virginia, where headed the school's freshman football team as well as the basketball team in the 1937–38 season. The Keydets were 4–11 in Elmore's lone season at the institute.

Personal life
Elmore was born on November 19, 1904, in Reform, Alabama, to his father Silvanus and Ann Elmore. He grew up with eight brothers and two sisters. Elmore died on July 26, 1998, in Troy.

Head coaching record

Football

Basketball

See also
 Alabama Crimson Tide football yearly statistical leaders

References

External links

1904 births
1998 deaths
American football ends
Alabama Crimson Tide football players
Troy Trojans athletic directors
Troy Trojans football coaches
VMI Keydets basketball coaches
VMI Keydets football coaches
People from Reform, Alabama
People from Troy, Alabama
Coaches of American football from Alabama
Players of American football from Alabama
Basketball coaches from Alabama


title: Jason Christiansen

text:
Jason Samuel Christiansen (born September 21, 1969) is a former Major League Baseball left-handed relief pitcher.

Biography
Christiansen was born in Omaha, Nebraska and attended Elkhorn High School. He is an alumnus of Cameron University. He was signed by the Pittsburgh Pirates as an amateur free agent in 1991, Christiansen made his Major League Baseball debut with the Pirates on April 26, 1995.

Christiansen gained national attention for his heated rivalry with fellow San Francisco Giants teammate Barry Bonds during the 2005 season. The rivalry was documented in the 2006 book Game of Shadows. Christiansen was traded to the Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim on August 30, 2005, for minor league pitchers Dusty Bergman and Ronnie Ray.

On December 13, 2007, he was named in the Mitchell Report to the Commissioner of Baseball of an Independent Investigation Into the Illegal Use of Steroids and Other Performance Enhancing Substances by Players in Major League Baseball.

Christiansen is the CEO & co-Owner of Rigid Industries LED Lighting, Inc., a manufacturer of high end LED lighting systems.

See also
List of Major League Baseball players named in the Mitchell Report

References

External links

Christiansen won't be back with Angels

1969 births
Living people
Major League Baseball pitchers
Baseball players from Omaha, Nebraska
Pittsburgh Pirates players
St. Louis Cardinals players
San Francisco Giants players
Los Angeles Angels players
Carolina Mudcats players
Buffalo Bisons (minor league) players
Altoona Curve players
Nashville Sounds players
Memphis Redbirds players
Fresno Grizzlies players
Cameron Aggies baseball players
Augusta Pirates players
Calgary Cannons players
American expatriate baseball players in Canada
Gulf Coast Pirates players
Salem Buccaneers players
San Jose Giants players
Welland Pirates players


title: Reuter House

text:
Reuter House may refer to either of two historic houses in the United States:

Dr. J. A. Reuter House, The Dalles, Oregon
Louis and Mathilde Reuter House, Austin, Texas


title: Chandrakant Topiwala

text:
Chandrakant Amritlal Topiwala is a Gujarati language poet and critic from Gujarat, India.

Early life

Topiwala was born on 7 August 1936 at Vadodara, to Amritlal and Lilavati. He completed his Bachelor of Arts in Gujarati from the University of Bombay-affiliated Saint Xavier's College in 1958, and received his Masters in 1960. He completed his PhD in 1982 from Gujarat University.

Career
Topiwala taught Gujarati language at K H Madhvani College, Porbandar from 1961 to 1965. In 1965, he joined Navjivan Commerce and Arts College, Dahod as head of Department of Gujarati, and served as principal of the college from 1971 to 1984. Later he became the director of Kasturbhai Lalbhai Swadhyay Mandir, run by Gujarati Sahitya Parishad, Ahmedabad. He was the president of Parishad during 2016 to 2018.

Works

Poetry
Maheraman, his first poetry collection, was published in 1962, followed by Kant Tari Rani in 1971, which gained him critical acclaim. Pakshitirth (1988) is further experimental poetry. Black Forest (1989) was written during his visit to Europe and was influenced by European culture. Avagaman (1999) and Apani Kavyasamriddhi (2004) are his other works of poetry.

Criticism
Topiwala is considered a modernist critic. His first book, Aparichit A Aparichit B, was published in 1975 which has four sections. His collection Had Parna Hans Ane Albatross (1975) is a translation and criticism of French symbolist poetry. Madhyamala (1983) is a collection of articles on medieval Gujarati literature. Other publications include Pratibhasha nu Kavach (1984), San-sarjanatamak Kavya-vigyan (1985), Vivechanno Vibhajit Pat (1990), Granth Ghatna (1994) and Gujarati Sakshibhasya.

Translations
He has translated works of the Bohemian-Austrian poet Rainer Maria Rilke into Gujarati: Duino Elegies as Duino Karunikao (1976) and Sonnets to Orpheus as Orpheus Prati Sonneto (1977). He translated Samuel Beckett's short prose as Kalpo ke Kalpana Mari Parvari Chhe. He translated and published Contemporary Gujarati Poetry (1972) and Maithili Sahitya no Itihas (History of Maithili Literature, 1987) and Ishwarni Yatna (2004).

Other
Topiwala co-edited Adhunik Sahitya Sangnya-Kosh (1986), a Gujarati dictionary of literary terms. He also edited Vishishta Sahitya Sangnya-Kosh (1988), Gujarati Tunki Varta Kosh (1990), Anuadhunikatavad (1993), Pavan Pagathiya (2004). He also edited Jayant Khatrini Shreshth Vartao (1994).

Awards
He received a Ranjitram Suvarna Chandrak in 2002, Premanand Suvarna Chandrak in 2005, Anantrai Raval Criticism Award and a Sahitya Akademi Award for his critical study Gujarati Sakshibhasya in 2012. He was conferred a Samanvay Bhasha Samman award in 2013 for his contributions to literature.

See also
 List of Gujarati-language writers

References

External links

Modernist writers
Indian literary critics
1939 births
Living people
20th-century Indian poets
Gujarati-language writers
People from Vadodara district
Indian male poets
Recipients of the Sahitya Akademi Award in Gujarati
Poets from Gujarat
Recipients of the Ranjitram Suvarna Chandrak
20th-century Indian male writers


title: Ushnas

text:
Natwarlal Pandya, better known by his pen name, Ushnas (Gujarati: ઉશનસ્), was a Gujarati language poet from India.

Biography
He was born in Savli village near Vadodara on 28 September 1920. He studied in Mehsana, Sidhpur, Savli and Dabhoi. He completed his Bachelor of Arts with Sanskrit in 1942 and Masters in Gujarati in 1945  from Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda.
He taught at Rosery Highschool and Garda College in Navsari. He also taught at J P Shroff Arts College in Valsad. He also served as a president of Gujarati Adhyapak Sangh (Gujarati Teachers Union) in 1979. He also served as a president of Gujarati Sahitya Parishad from 1991 to 1993.

He died on 6 November 2011 at Valsad, Gujarat.

Works
Prasoon was his first collection of poems published in 1955. Other collections include Nepathye (1956), Aardra (1959), Manomudra (1960), Trun No Grah (1964), Spand ane Chhand (1968), Kinkini (1971), Bharat Darshan (1974), Ashwattha (1975), Rupana Lay (1976), Vyakul Vaishnav (1977), Pruthvine Paschim Chahere (1979) and Shishulok (1984). Valavi, Ba Avi and Sadmatano Khancho are his story and poetry compilations. He also wrote plays such as Pantuji, Doshini Vahu and Trun No Grah.

Awards
He received Kumar Chandrak in 1959,  Narmad Suvarna Chandrak in 1963 and Gujarat Gaurav Award. He also received Ranjitram Suvarna Chandrak, the highest award in Gujarati literature, in 1972. He was awarded Sahitya Akademi Award for his poetry collection Ashwattha in 1976.

The Ushnas Prize is named after him.

See also
 List of Gujarati-language writers

References

External links

Indian male poets
Gujarati-language writers
People from Vadodara district
Recipients of the Sahitya Akademi Award in Gujarati
1920 births
2011 deaths
20th-century Indian poets
Poets from Gujarat
Recipients of the Ranjitram Suvarna Chandrak
20th-century Indian male writers