title: Diego de Velasco

text:
Diego de Velasco (?? - 1575) was a career soldier who served as interim Lieutenant Governor of Spanish Florida between 1574 and 1576. His administration ended with his and his treasurer Bertolomeo Martinez's imprisonment by his successor as governor, Hernando de Miranda, following investigations of corruption in his administration, as well as crimes committed against Native Americans and the Spanish settlers of Florida.

Biography
De Velasco was the son-in-law of the first governor of Florida, Pedro Menéndez de Aviles.  He joined the Spanish army in his youth, achieving the rank of lieutenant.

In 1571, Velasco oversaw the construction of  Fort San Felipe on what is now Parris Island, South Carolina, a defensive structure built to protect the Spanish settlers of La Florida after a raid by French settlers and Native Americans allied with them.

On September 17, 1574, after his father had become a general in the Nueva Armada Real (New Royal Army), Velasco was appointed temporary Governor of Florida, although this was an interim appointment made upon the death of Menéndez. The colony's capital was the recently founded settlement of Santa Elena in what is now South Carolina.

The cacique of Guale told Alonso de Olmos that the Spaniards "had made him a Christian", but only to enslave him and steal his property. Apparently Velasco and Captain Alonso de Solis had taken several brazas (a braza was a Spanish unit of length equal to the reach of outspread arms) of pearls, the native medium of exchange, worth two gold ducats each, as well as several canoes, from the Indians without payment. Velasco denied he had forced the Indians to pay him personal tribute, and said that in fact, he and the Indians had exchanged gifts, and that the Indians had thus obtained Spanish products such as iron farming implements, blankets and clothes. Velasco said that he had established a friendship with the cacique, who had fallen ill on a visit to Santa Elena, and treated him with costly medicines until he recovered. Velasco also maintained that he had given the chief and his wife other gifts, such as clothes, and that in appreciation, they had given him a braza of black pearls, but of low value.

According to the written testimony of Father Oré in 1576, Velasco, after asking the caciques of Guale to gather in Santa Elena, and indicating that he would not do them any harm, hanged one of them (the nephew of a cacique) as punishment for killing a Christian Indian chieftain, to fulfill a promise he had made to the wife of another chief who had converted to Christianity, she seeking vengeance for the murder of her husband, and demanding retribution. These events led to a widespread Guale rebellion and violence against the Spanish of La Florida.

Thirty soldiers who fought against the natives in defense of Santa Elena were killed, causing the town to be temporarily abandoned in the late summer of 1576 and then to be burned later by the Indians, in full view of the soldiers and settlers as they were about to sail away from Port Royal Sound.

Velasco was also accused of mishandling the provincial soldiers' pay, and consequently was replaced  by Hernando de Miranda as governor of La Florida in 1575.

Last years
When Miranda came to La Florida in 1575, before assuming his position as governor, he began working to abolish corruption in the Spanish province, and found that Velasco had appropriated large sums of money from Menéndez, with the excuse that the money officially belonged to him after the adelantado's death. Miranda imprisoned him and replaced him with one of his lieutenants, Alonso de Solis, at Santa Elena. Velasco and his treasurer, Bertolomeo Martinez, were briefly imprisoned for their suspected complicity in governmental misfeasance and the misappropriation of Menéndez's funds. On February 24, 1576, Hernando de Miranda began his term as governor of La Florida.

Diego de Velasco died in 1575.

Personal life
Velasco married Menéndez's younger daughter, Maria Menéndez de Avilés.

Notes

References

Royal Governors of La Florida
1575 deaths
Year of birth unknown
1500s births


title: Carl Jerrold Peterson

text:
Carl Jerrold Peterson (31 October 1936 2 April 1969) was a United States Navy Lieutenant Commander and the commanding officer of Patrol River Boat Squadron 57. He was killed in action in Vietnam and buried in Arlington National Cemetery. In 1975, the United States Navy named the  in his memory.

Biography

Carl Jerrold Peterson was born 31 October 1936 to Captain Carl A. Peterson, USN, Ret. (1908 1996) of Tuxedo Park, New York and Miriam C. Redden-Peterson (1909 2010), daughter of Connecticut State senator William A. Redden. He received a Bachelor of Science degree from the United States Naval Academy and was commissioned an Ensign in June 1958. According to his Academy Yearbook and the Bridgeport Post, he was from Bridgeport, Connecticut and lived at 388 Midland for much of his youth. He was said to "play a mean attack on the lacrosse field" and he was a valuable member of the crew of the USNA's yacht, Freedom.

Lieutenant Commander Peterson then served successive tours at sea in  and . In 1962, he was assigned to the office of the Chief of Naval Operations, and in 1964 to the staff of Commander Middle East Force. From 1966 to 1968 Lieutenant Commander Peterson served as Operations Officer aboard  and participated in eight major amphibious assaults against enemy forces in Vietnam. Lieutenant Commander Peterson was credited with developing the command and control techniques for debarking troops simultaneously by air and sea amphibious transports successfully employed in these assaults.

In December 1968, Lieutenant Commander Peterson volunteered for duties in Vietnam and subsequently commanded Patrol River Boat Squadron 57 operating in the waterways of the Mekong Delta. According to the US Navy, Carl Peterson was singularly responsible for the success of many joint quick reaction operations designed to draw out and destroy enemy forces. On 2 April 1969, while embarked in an assault support patrol boat transiting the Vàm Cỏ Đông River to his command center in , Lieutenant Commander Peterson was mortally wounded when an enemy rocket detonated against his vessel.

He was buried at Arlington National Cemetery.

Awards and honors
His awards include the Bronze Star Medal with Combat Distinguishing Device (awarded posthumously) and the Navy Commendation Medal with Combat Distinguishing Device. USS Peterson was named in his honor. His name is listed on the Vietnam Veterans Memorial Panel 27W, Row 1.

References

External links
 The Vietnam Veterans Memorial Fund – Carl J. Peterson

1936 births
1969 deaths

Burials at Arlington National Cemetery
Military personnel from Bridgeport, Connecticut
People from Orange County, New York
United States Naval Academy alumni

United States Navy personnel killed in the Vietnam War


title: John Ferguson (chemist)

text:
John Ferguson FRSE LLD (23 January 1837 – 2 November 1916) was a Scottish chemist and bibliographer. He is noted for the early alchemy and chemistry bibliography Bibliotheca chemica. He was generally nicknamed Soda Ferguson. The Ferguson Collection, a collection of 7,500 books and manuscripts from his personal library is held by the University of Glasgow.

Life
Ferguson was born on 24 January 1838 in Alloa, Scotland, the son of Elizabeth Donaldson and Adam Ferguson. He moved at an early age to Glasgow and attended Glasgow High School.

He graduated from the University of Glasgow with a BA in 1861 and an MA in 1862. In 1874, he was appointed the Regius Professor of Chemistry at the University of Glasgow, in place of Prof Thomas Anderson.

He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh in 1888. His proposers were Sir William Thomson (Lord Kelvin), James Thomson Bottomley, Peter Guthrie Tait and Alexander Crum Brown. The University of St Andrews awarded him an honorary doctorate (LLD).

Ferguson had an extensive library of books pertaining to alchemy, early chemistry, metallurgy, mineralogy, Paracelsus, the Romani language, the Rosicrucians, and witchcraft. In 1921 the University of Glasgow purchased about 11,000 of the books for the sum of £7,000.

He died of heart disease at his home, 6 Claremont Terrace in Glasgow, on 3 November 1916. He was aged 78.

He is buried in the family burial plot in Alloa.

Memberships
Royal Philosophical Society of Glasgow - President (1892–1895)
Glasgow Archaeological Society - President (1891–1894)
Royal Society of Edinburgh - Fellow
Society of Antiquaries of Scotland - Fellow
Chemical Society - Fellow
Royal Institute of Chemistry - Fellow
British Archaeological Association
French Archaeological Society
Honorary Fellow of the Imperial Military Academy of Medicine in Petrograd
Royal Company of Archers

Family
He married Helen Baird in 1882.

Bibliography
 Recent Inquiries Into the Early History of Chemistry (1879)
 The first history of chemistry (1886) Describes Robert Duval as the first historian of chemistry.
 Some early treatises on technological chemistry (1888)
 Bibliotheca chemica: a catalogue of the alchemical, chemical and pharmaceutical books in the collection of the late James Young of Kelly and Durris (1906) in 2 vols.
 Books of secrets. A paper read before the Bibliographical Society, 21 April 1913 (1914)

References

External links
Biography of John Ferguson University of Glasgow

1838 births
1916 deaths
Scottish chemists
Alumni of the University of Glasgow
Academics of the University of Glasgow
Burials in Scotland
Regius Professors


title: Seventh Color

text:
Seventh Color is the second Japanese album by the South Korean boy group Boyfriend. It was released in three different versions on July 23, 2014.

Background
It was revealed on May 31, 2014, that Boyfriend will be releasing their second Japanese full-length album. The album will be released in three different versions: Standard Edition, Limited Edition CD + DVD, and LAWSON/HMV Limited Edition CD + DVD.

Track listing

References

Boyfriend (band) albums


title: William Ellsworth Dunn

text:
William Ellsworth Dunn, or W.E. Dunn, (1861–1925) was the city attorney of Los Angeles, California, and represented various concerns of California capitalist Henry E. Huntington. He was a founder of the Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher law firm.

Personal
Dunn was born on August 2, 1861, in Douglas, Michigan, or in Saagetuck, Maine, the son of George E. Dunn and Ellen V. Dickinson. He attended Allegan High School in Allegan, Michigan, followed by a year of preparatory school and then a year in the law department of the University of Michigan.

He was married to Nellie M. Briggs on January 3, 1883, in Grand Rapids, Michigan. In 1885 he moved to Los Angeles, where he continued his law studies, and he was admitted to the bar in 1887.

A Republican, Dunn was a member of the California Club, the Jonathan Club, the Los Angeles Country Club and the Bolsa Chica Club.

Dunn died August 22, 1925, "apparently from apoplexy." Cremation took place August 24 at Hollywood Cemetery after a Christian Science service. Survivors were his wife; a brother, George Dunn of Chicago, and a sister. Streetcars of the Los Angeles Railway, of which he was a vice president, were to stop service for one minute to mark the beginning of the funeral rite.

Career
Dunn was appointed assistant city attorney in Los Angeles in 1890, and in 1890 he was elected as city attorney, reelected in 1892. During those years he represented the city in its legal disputes with the Los Angeles Water Co. over the amount the company should pay to the city for its water. After the end of his second elected term, the city appointed him as a special counsel to carry on the litigation.

In private practice, Dunn was a founding partner of Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher, specializing in corporation law. He was legal adviser to the Pacific Electric Railway, the Los Angeles Railway, the Los Angeles-Redondo Railway and various enterprises of capitalist Henry E. Huntington.

References

Los Angeles City Attorneys
1861 births
1925 deaths
California Republicans
University of Michigan Law School alumni
People from Allegan County, Michigan
People associated with Gibson Dunn
19th-century American lawyers


title: Young-geun

text:
Young-geun, also spelled Young-keun or Yung-keun, is a Korean masculine given name. Its meaning differs based on the hanja used to write each syllable of the name. There are 34 hanja with the reading "young" and 18 hanja with the reading "geun" on the South Korean government's official list of hanja which may be registered for use in given names.

People with this name include:
Choi Yung-keun (1923–1994), South Korean footballer
Kim Young-geun (born 1978), South Korean footballer
Kim Young-keun (born 1990), South Korean footballer
Song Young-keun, South Korean politician; see List of members of the National Assembly (South Korea), 2012–

See also
List of Korean given names

References


title: Pedro de Aranda y Avellaneda

text:
Pedro de Aranda Avellaneda (1662 – 1702) was a Spanish military officer who served as acting governor of Spanish Florida between April and August 1687. He was also a Sargento mayor (Sergeant major) of the presidio of San Agustín, and alcayde of the San Salvador de la Punta Fortress in Havana, Cuba.

Biography
Pedro de Aranda Avellaneda was born in 1662, in Cádiz, Spain, to Juan Almario Avellaneda, and  María de Aranda y Ponce de León, both also born in Cadiz. He joined the Spanish army in his youth, and was eventually appointed Sargento mayor (Sergeant major) of the presidio of Saint Augustine in La Florida.
On April 11, 1687, he was appointed acting governor of Florida, and remained in this office until August 20 of the same year. He was later appointed alcayde of the Castillo San Salvador de la Punta fortress in Havana, Cuba.

On March 24, 1680, Avellaneda married Josefa de Estrada y Velázquez de Cuéllar, the daughter of Capt. Hilario de Estrada y Recio, Procurador general (Attorney general), and Regidor perpetuo del Ayuntamiento (Regidor) of Havana, and his wife Luisa Velázquez de Cuéllar y Mexías. They had 2 children, Antonia and  Hilario de Aranda Avellaneda y Estrada. Avellaneda testified before Juan Uribe Ozeta, Escribano Público (Notary Public) of Havana on November 18, 1699.

Pedro de Aranda y Avellaneda died on June 21, 1702. His remains are in the Cathedral of Havana.

References

Royal Governors of La Florida
1662 births
1702 deaths


title: John DeBerniere Hooper

text:
John DeBerniere Hooper (born September 6, 1811, in Smithfield, North Carolina;  died in Chapel Hill, North Carolina, January 23, 1886) was an American Classicist and was professor of Latin and French at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill until 1848.

Hooper was the son of Archibald Maclaine and Charlotte De Berniere Hooper. He was a descendant of William Hooper, who signed the Declaration of Independence.

Hooper's papers are archived in the libraries of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

References

Classical scholars of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
American classical scholars
1811 births
1886 deaths


title: Hotel Books

text:
Hotel Books is an American spoken-word project from Porterville, California revolving around the poetry of Cam Smith. The project is often presented on tour as a full band, but has also been shown as a solo project of Cam Smith.

History
The band's InVogue Records debut "I'm Almost Happy Here, But I Never Feel at Home" was released July 1, 2014, via InVogue Records. The album received mostly positive reviews, as well as earned the band their first Billboard chartings; No. 9 on Alternative New Artists and No. 20 on Heatseekers, for the album's debut week. Their next effort, "Run Wild, Young Beauty," was released on April 7, 2015, and spent three total weeks on the Billboard charts.

In 2016, Hotel Books released their second long-player "Run Wild, Stay Alive" to negative and mixed reviews. The album focused more on the rock elements and traditional song structure.

In October 2017, Hotel Books released "Equivalency" via InVogue Records to critical acclaim.

Discography

Other Appearances
 Happy Holidays, I Miss You (2016) - Christmas Eve Until I Leave

References

Musical groups established in 2011
Musical groups from California
2011 establishments in California


title: Travesser Formation

text:
The Travesser Formation is a geologic formation in northeastern New Mexico, southeastern Colorado, westernmost Oklahoma, and northwestern Texas, particularly in the Dry Cimarron valley. It preserves fossils dating back to the late Triassic period.

Description
The formation is mostly reddish-brown clay-rich siltstone and fine-grained sandstone, with sandstone beds up to  thick. The formation also contains conglomerate lenses up to . The total thickness of the formation is . The formation unconformably overlies the Baldy Hill Formation and underlies the Sloan Canyon Formation or locally the Exeter Sandstone.

The formation is usually assigned to the Dockum Group. The proposal of Spencer G. Lucas and his collaborators to abandon the Dockum Group, possibly in favor of the Chinle Group, is highly controversial.

Fossils
A fossil phytosaur skull and metoposaurids have been found in the formation.

History of investigation
The formation was first named by Baldwin and Muelberger in 1959. Lucas et al. rejected the assignment of the formation to the Dockum Group and adjusted the lower contact.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in New Mexico
 Paleontology in New Mexico

References

Triassic formations of New Mexico


title: The Tip (album)

text:
The Tip is an album by David Murray released on the Japanese DIW label. Recorded in 1994 and released in 1995, the album features performances by Murray with Robert Irving III, Bobby Broom, Darryl Jones, Toby Williams and Kahil El'Zabar.

Reception
The Allmusic review awarded the album 3 stars stating "Murray plays with as much focus and imagination as ever, and The Tip shows his depth and diversity as a musician as well as his willingness to explore new formats. The Tip is an accessible, energetic, and thoroughly enjoyable Murray outing".

Track listing
 "Sex Machine" (Sly Stone) - 14:12
 "Flowers for Albert" (David Murray) - 9:20
 "Removen Veil" (Darryl Jones) - 3:15
 "M.D." (Robert Irving III) - 7:53
 "Kahari Romare" (Kahil El'Zabar) - 9:13
 "The Tip" (Jones) - 6:28
 "Mailinda" (Irving) - 10:08
 "One World Family" (El'Zabar, Murray) - 6:00

Personnel
David Murray - tenor saxophone, bass clarinet
Robert Irving III - synthesizer, organ
Bobby Broom - guitar
Daryl Thompson - guitar (tracks 1, 3 & 7)
Darryl Jones - bass
Toby Williams - drums
Kahil El'Zabar - percussion, vocal
Olu Dara - cornet (track 2)
G'Ra - vocals (track 3)

References

1995 albums
David Murray (saxophonist) albums
DIW Records albums


title: Atrasado Formation

text:
The Atrasado Formation is a geologic formation in New Mexico. Its fossil assemblage dates the formation to the Kasimovian age of the Pennsylvanian. It was formerly known locally as the Wild Cow Formation or the Guadelupe Box Formation.

Description
The formation consists primarily of marine limestone with some sandstone and shale. It is exposed in the Sandia Mountains, the Lucero Uplift (), the western Jemez Mountains, and in the Manzano Mountains.

The formation has been  mapped as the Wild Cow Formation in the Manzano Mountains and as the Guadelupe Box Formation in the Jemez Mountains. However, Spencer G. Lucas and coinvestigators have recommended abandoning the name Wild Cow Formation and using Atrasado Formation throughout the Madera Group. The formation is likely correlative with the Alamitos Formation in the Sangre de Cristo Mountains.

The formation is underlain by the Gray Mesa Formation, with its base defined by a sandstone interval atop an eroded limestone surface of the Gray Mesa Formation. It is further distinguished from the Gray Mesa Formation in having frequent intervals of slope-forming sandstone or shale beds between cliff-forming limestone intervals, whereas the Gray Mesa Formation is mostly massive limestone. The Atrasado Formation is overlain by the Bursum Formation or by the Abo Formation where the Bursum Formation is not present.

The formation is divided into eight members. In ascending stratigraphic order, these are the Bartolo Member, which is  of slope-forming shale with thin sandstone, limestone and conglomerate beds; the Amado Member, which is  of bedded, cherty limestone; the Tinajas Member, which is  of shale with interbedded limestone and sandstone; the Council Spring Member which is  of mostly algal limestone without chert; the Burrego Member, which is  of arkosic red beds and limestone; the Story Member, which is  of limestone; the Del Cuerto Member, which is  of arkosic red beds and limestone; and the Moya Member, which is  of bedded limestone and shale.

The lowest few meters of the Bartolo Member is often a distinctive pebbly sandstone, the Coyote Sandstone Bed.

The formation was laid down during the Ancestral Rocky Mountains orogeny, when most of New Mexico consisted of high islands surrounded by marine basins. The Burrego Member, in particular, contains both marine and continental beds, and the continental beds include paleosols (fossil soils) typical of a monsoon climate. New Mexico was then located at the western end of the Pangean tropical belt. Analysis of the paleosols suggests a carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere of around 400 ppm by volume at the time of deposition.

Fossils
The exposures near Jemez Springs include some of the richest brachiopod fossil beds in North America. Crinoid stems and bryozoans are also part of the fossil assemblage. The Amado Member is particularly rich in brachiopods in the Manzano Mountains.

The lower part of the Atrasado Formation (Tinajas Member) contains the index fusulinid Eowaeringella indicating the beds were laid down in the lower Missourian Age. These are overlain by beds containing abundant early Triticites.

History of investigation
The unit was first described as the Atrasado Member of the Madera Formation by Kelley and Wood in 1946.

The Pennsylvanian stratigraphy of New Mexico has historically been unusually complex and inconsistent, with dozens of names for groups, formations, and members. Barry Kues and Katherine Giles recommended that the name Madera Group be applied to similar exposures of shelf and marginal basin beds of Desmoinean (upper Moscovian) to early Virgilian age found from north-central and central New Mexico south along the west side of the Orogrande Basin as far as the Caballo and Robledo Mountains. Lucas and coinvestigators recommended abandoning the name Wild Cow Formation and using Atrasado Formation throughout the Madera Group.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in New Mexico
 Paleontology in New Mexico

Footnotes

References

Carboniferous formations of New Mexico
Permian System of North America
Carboniferous southern paleotropical deposits
Limestone formations of the United States


title: Edith Formation

text:
The Edith Formation is a fluvial gravel Pleistocene geologic formation exposed near Albuquerque, New Mexico.

Description
The Edith Formation consists of a single upward fining sequence, with a gravel base and overlying sandy to muddy floodplain deposits. It is poorly to moderately consolidated and locally cemented brown gravel, sand, and sandy clay. A typical composition for the basal gravel is 30% quartzite and 40% volcanic rock, with smaller amounts of granite and metamorphic and sedimentary rocks. It contains sparse clasts of densely welded Bandelier Tuff.

The formation extends at least from near Algodones to Albuquerque and forms a distinctive regional marker bed, cropping out along the inner valley escarpment of the Rio Grande. Its thickness is . Its upper contact is marked by a diatomite bed and it unconformably rests on the Arroyo Ojito and Sierra Ladrones Formations, with a weakly developed paleosol (fossil soil) at the contact. The base of the formation defines a prominent strath (fossil floodplain) some  above the present Rio Grande floodplain.

The formation was initially interpreted as a late Pleistocene terrace of the most recent glaciation. More recent work extends its temporal range into the middle Pleistocene.

Formations
The Edith Formation contains fossils characteristic of the Rancholabrean North American land mammal age, including Bison, Mastodon, Camelops, and Equus.

History of investigation
The unit was first defined by P.W. Lambert in his dissertation on the Quaternary geology of Albuquerque in 1968, and named for nearby Edith Boulevard.

See also

List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in New Mexico
Paleontology in New Mexico

Footnotes

References

Quaternary formations of New Mexico
Pleistocene United States
Paleontology in New Mexico
Fluvial deposits


title: Robert J. Getty

text:
Robert John Getty (February 5, 1908, in Northern Ireland – October 24, 1963) was a Classicist and expert on the ancient author Lucan.

Getty earned an A.B. from Queens University, Belfast, in 1928 and a master's degree from St John's College, Cambridge in 1930, where he was lecturer from 1937–1947. He became professor of Latin at the University of Toronto in 1947. In 1958 he became the first George L. Paddison Professor of Latin at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

He was a fellow of the Royal Society of Canada and president of the American Philological Association in 1959.

Scholarship
 1979. M. Annaei Lucani De bello civili liber I. New York: Arno Press.

References

External links

1908 births
1963 deaths
Classical scholars of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
American classical scholars
Fellows of the Royal Society of Canada
Alumni of St John's College, Cambridge


title: Utica and Mohawk Valley Railway

text:
The Utica and Mohawk Valley Railway was the result of the unification of all city and suburban streetcar lines serving Utica, New York, on November 27, 1901. The railway operated city streetcar service (with the acquisition of the Rome City Street Railroad in 1907) as well as a double-track interurban railway between Rome and Little Falls via Utica. The Utica and Mohawk Valley Railway was merged into New York State Railways in 1912. At its peak, the Utica Lines consisted of 17 transit routes operated with more than 100 cars. The line ceased operation in 1933, except for the section between Utica and Whitesboro that survived until 1938. The last city streetcars operated on May 31, 1941. The remaining transit routes were operated with buses and the franchise would be reorganized as the Utica Transit Corporation in 1948.

Rome City Street Railroad

The Rome City Street Railroad was founded in 1885, and the first sections were opened for service in 1887. Three routes made up the 6.7-mile system, including Dominic Street, Floyd Avenue, and the Belt Line. In 1900, trolleys powered by compressed air replaced horses for propulsion, and the lines were rebuilt to handle the heavier cars. The experimental compressed air cars were retired in 1902, and horses made a brief return in 1903 while the line was electrified. The Rome City Street Railroad was acquired by the Utica and Mohawk Valley Railroad in 1907, which was subsequently merged into New York State Railways in 1912 and became part of the Utica Lines division. Some extensions were made to the city lines between 1911-1914 which resulted in the establishment of the Floyd Avenue line, and a connection was established with the interurban line at Whitesboro Street. Belt Line service was discontinued in 1923 in favor of operating separate lines on James, Madison, and Expense streets. One-man operation of trolleys was implemented in 1924, and the line that crossed the New York Central Railroad tracks was replaced with a bus because it required the use of a two-man trolley. The Rome city lines were never very profitable, and the James Street line was suspended in 1927, followed by the Madison Street line a year later. The remainder of the Rome streetcar lines were closed in 1930.

Footnotes

References

Defunct New York (state) railroads
Streetcars in New York (state)
Interurban railways in New York (state)
Railway companies established in 1901
Railway companies disestablished in 1912


title: Heinrich Strobel (musicologist)

text:
Heinrich Strobel (31 May 1898 in Regensburg – 18 August 1970 in Baden-Baden) was a German musicologist.

Life
Strobel, the son of a wholesale merchant, attended the grammar-school in Regensburg, took part in the First World War and worked from 1918 at the Stadt-theater in Regensburg as Répétiteur. After that he studied musicology at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich with Adolf Sandberger und Theodor Kroyer. In 1921 he became music critic of the Thüringischen Allgemeinen in Erfurt. In 1922 he graduated to the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (D. Phil.) with his Dissertation on Johann Wilhelm Häßler's Life and Work.

In 1927–1932 he was occupied as music critic with the Berlin Financial Newspaper. In 1933 and 1934 he was on the editorial staff (Munzinger speaks of him as Editor Publisher) of the Journal for New Music called Melos and for the successor-journal Neues Musikblatt. In 1934–1938 he worked for the Berliner Tageblatt, for which, under the pseudonym Karl Frahm, he also wrote cookery recipes and a Cookery Book. In 1935 he was denounced as a 'Music-Bolshevist' by the Militant League for German Culture. When Strobel made his second marriage to a woman (Hilda Levy) designated a 'Jewess' by the racialist Nuremberg Laws, he acquired a Special Permit for Publication from the Nazi regime. From 1 February 1939 he worked for the Deutsche Allgemeine Zeitung, from April 1939 as Foreign Correspondent in Paris, and during the period of the German occupation. In 1940 he published a biography of Claude Debussy in the Zürich Atlantis Press (founded by Martin Hürlimann). Under a pseudonym he also wrote for a supplement of Goebbels's newspaper Das Reich. Strobel, who at first was called up for the military reserve, was drafted into the Landsturm after the Allied Invasion of northern France in Summer 1944, and became a prisoner of war in the Liberation of Paris.

After the Second World War (December 1945) Strobel was employed by the newly founded Südwestrundfunk (SWR) (the broadcasting authority in Rheinland-Pfalz) in Baden-Baden, where he became leader of the Music Department. From 1956 to 1969 he was President of the International Society for Contemporary Music.

Works
Strobel championed New Music right from the start of his work as a music critic. In this way he took up the cause of the works of Paul Hindemith, Igor Stravinsky, Kurt Weill and Ernst Krenek. His biography of Hindemith was published in 1928 by Schott Music. As Leader of the Music Department of the SWR he employed the conductors Hans Rosbaud and Ernest Bour, under whose direction the Südwestrundfunk (SWR) Symphony Orchestra became a pre-eminent Ensemble in the field of New Music. He promoted very many young talents, among them the composers Pierre Boulez, Karlheinz Stockhausen, and Krzysztof Penderecki. From 1947 he was publisher-editor of Melos. The revival of the Donaueschingen Festival in the early 1950s was effectively owing to his initiative. There, too, were generally first presented the debut performances of very numerous compositions which the SWR presented at his instigation. These presentations included most notably Hans Werner Henze, Wolfgang Fortner, Bernd Alois Zimmermann, Luigi Nono, Werner Egk and many other exponents of New Music.

He wrote the libretti for three operas of Rolf Liebermann, namely, Leonore 40/45 (1952), Penelope (1954) and Die Schule der Frauen (1955).

The Heinrich Strobel Foundation and the Experimental Studio of the Heinrich Strobel Foundation of the Südwestrundfunk are named after him.

Awards
 1952: Arnold Schönberg Medal
 1957: Cross of the Légion d'Honneur (Knight)
 1961: Doctor of Philosophy (honoris causa) in the University of Basel

Sources
 'Heinrich Strobel, Musikwissenschaftler', in Munzinger-Archiv: Internationales Biographisches Archiv, 40/1970. 21 September 1970.
 'Strobel, Heinrich', in Hugo Riemann, Riemann Musiklexikon Personenteil (1961), .
 'Heinrich Strobel', in Die Musik in Geschichte und Gegenwart. Allgemeine Enzyklopädie der Musik. (Music in the Past and Present: General Encyclopedia of Music) Personenteil Volume 16 (2006), .
 Deutsches Rundfunkarchiv(German Broadcasting Archive) (Ed.), 'Auftragskompositionen im Rundfunk 1946–1975' (Bild- und Tonträger-Verzeichnisse, Vol. 7), 1977.
 Manuela Schwartz: '„Eine versunkene Welt“. Heinrich Strobel als Kritiker, Musikpolitiker, Essayist und Redner in Frankreich (1939–1944)', in Isolde von Foerster, Christoph Hust and Christoph-Hellmut Mahling (Eds), Musikforschung – Faschismus – Nationalsozialismus. Referate der Tagung Schloss Engers (8. bis 11. März, 2000) (Are Musik Verlag, Mainz 2001), , .
 Manuela Schwartz, 'Exil und Remigration im Wirken Heinrich Strobels', in Stefan Drees, Andreas Jakob und Stefan Orgas (Eds), Musik. Transfer. Kultur (Festschrift für Horst Weber) (Hildesheim, Olms 2009), . ().
 Manuela Schwartz, 'Visionen und Pflichten eines Förderers neuer Musik. Heinrich Strobel im Licht seiner Korrespondenz', in Mitteilungen der Paul Sacher Stiftung April 2013, .
 Michael Custodis, Friedrich Geiger, Netzwerke der Entnazifizierung: Kontinuitäten im deutschen Musikleben am Beispiel von Werner Egk, Hilde und Heinrich Strobel (Waxmann Verlag, Münster/New York/Münich/Berlin 2013). , 9783830978435.

External links

References

People from Regensburg
20th-century German musicologists
20th-century German journalists
German male journalists
1898 births
1970 deaths
German male writers


title: Enochrus

text:
Enochrus, a genus of water scavenger beetles, is the third-largest genus of hydrophilids with 222 species in six subgenera worldwide.

Subgenera
Enochrus Thomson, 1859
Hocophilydrus Kniz, 1911
Hugoscottia Knisch, 1922
Hydatotrephis MacLeary, 1871
Lumetus Zaitzev, 1908
Methydrus Rey, 1885

Species
These 67 species belong to the genus Enochrus:

 Enochrus aequalis (Sharp, 1882) i c g
 Enochrus affinis (Thunberg, 1794) g
 Enochrus aridus Gundersen, 1977 i c g
 Enochrus ater (Kuwert, 1888) g
 Enochrus bartletti Short, 2004 g
 Enochrus bicolor (Fabricius, 1792) g
 Enochrus blatchleyi (Fall, 1924) i c g b
 Enochrus calabricus (Ferro, 1986) g
 Enochrus californicus (Horn, 1890) i c g b
 Enochrus carinatus (LeConte, 1855) i c g
 Enochrus cinctus (Say, 1824) i c g b
 Enochrus coarctatus (Gredler, 1863) g
 Enochrus concii Chiesa, 1965 g
 Enochrus consors (Leconte, 1863) i c g b
 Enochrus consortus Green, 1946 i c g b
 Enochrus cristatus (LeConte, 1855) i c g
 Enochrus cuspidatus (LeConte, 1878) i c g
 Enochrus darwini (Knisch, 1922) i c g
 Enochrus debilis (Sharp, 1882) i c
 Enochrus diffusus (LeConte, 1855) i c g b
 Enochrus elongatulus (MacLeay, 1871) g
 Enochrus esuriens (Walker, 1858) g
 Enochrus falcarius Hebauer, 1991 g
 Enochrus fimbriatus (Melsheimer, 1844) i c g
 Enochrus flavicans g
 Enochrus fragiloides d'Orchymont, 1925 g
 Enochrus fuscipennis (Thomson, 1884) g
 Enochrus grossi Short, 2003 i c g
 Enochrus halophilus (Bedel, 1878) g
 Enochrus hamifer (Ganglbauer, 1901) g
 Enochrus hamiltoni (Horn, 1890) i c g b
 Enochrus hispanicus (Kuwert, 1888) g
 Enochrus interruptus Gundersen, 1977 i c g
 Enochrus maculiceps (MacLeay, 1871) g
 Enochrus malabarensis (Régimbart, 1903) g
 Enochrus mauritiensis (Régimbart, 1903) g
 Enochrus melanocephalus (Olivier, 1792) i c g
 Enochrus mexicanus (Sharp, 1882) i c
 Enochrus morenae (Heyden, 1870) g
 Enochrus natalensis (Gemminger & Harold, 1868) g
 Enochrus negrus Gundersen, 1977 i c g
 Enochrus nigritus (Sharp, 1872) g
 Enochrus obscurus (Sharp, 1882) i c
 Enochrus ochraceus (Melsheimer, 1844) i c g b
 Enochrus ochropterus (Marsham, 1802) g
 Enochrus parumstriatus Hebauer, 2005 g
 Enochrus piceus Miller, 1964 i c g
 Enochrus plicatus g
 Enochrus politus (Küster, 1849) g
 Enochrus pygmaeus (Fabricius, 1792) i c g b
 Enochrus quadripunctatus (Herbst, 1797) g
 Enochrus ragusae (Kuwert, 1888) g
 Enochrus reflexipennis (Zimmermann, 1869) i c g
 Enochrus sagrae Knisch, 1924 i c g
 Enochrus salomonis (J.Sahlberg, 1900) g
 Enochrus sauteri Orchymont, 1913 g
 Enochrus sayi Gundersen, 1977 i c g b
 Enochrus segmentinotatus (Kuwert, 1888) g
 Enochrus simulans (Sharp, 1873) g
 Enochrus spangleri g
 Enochrus sublongus (Fall, 1926) i c g
 Enochrus subsignatus (Harold, 1877) g
 Enochrus talamanca g
 Enochrus testaceus (Fabricius, 1801) g
 Enochrus tritus (Broun, 1880) g
 Enochrus variegatus Steinheil, 1869 g
 Enochrus vulgaris Steinheil, 1869 g

Data sources: i = ITIS, c = Catalogue of Life, g = GBIF, b = Bugguide.net

References

External links

Hydrophilidae genera
Hydrophilinae


title: Bombing of Dietzenbach in World War II

text:
The bombing of Dietzenbach in 1941 was an air attack by the Royal Air Force, against the then-rural village of Dietzenbach in Hesse. It is believed that the bombers involved could not find their intended target, either Frankfurt or Offenbach, and therefore attacked the village of Dietzenbach, populated by roughly 3,000 inhabitants, as an opportunity target, or in error.

Late on the evening of Saturday, 20 September 1941, four bombers attacked the central part of Dietzenbach. Many villagers had just enjoyed a performance of a harmonica club in the atrium of the Neue Löwe inn  and were gradually making their way home. When the air-raid alarm sounded, it was not initially taken very seriously, because the attack was believed to be directed at either Frankfurt or Offenbach. But then explosive bombs, incendiary bombs and phosphorus canisters began falling on the village and within ten minutes, large parts of the town center were on fire.

The volunteer fire department of the village, with its two motorized water hoses, could not contain the large fire. Even when firefighters from the neighbouring villages came to help, the water supply that was available was inadequate. Only with the arrival of fire trucks from Offenbach at 1:30 in the morning were the fires gradually brought under control, and at about 11:00 the next morning, the fires were finally extinguished. Two residents were killed, three houses were destroyed, thirty others were severely damaged, and twelve barns and their contents were burned down.

Since bombs fell neither on Frankfurt nor on Offenbach that night, but rather on some smaller towns in the Rhine-Main area, and since the Royal Air Force later announced attacks on Frankfurt, it is assumed that the aircraft scheduled for Frankfurt did not find their target and then sought out alternative targets. The light shining from the door of the inn at random intervals as departing concert-goers left may have given the bomber crews some guidance.

Further reading
 Alfred Kurt, Otto Schlander: Der Kreis Offenbach und das Dritte Reich: Leben und Politik, Verfolgung und Widerstand im Kreisgebiet in den Jahren von 1930 bis 1945 (English translation: The District of Offenbach and the Third Reich: Life and Politics, Persecution and Resistance in the District in the Years 1930-1945), Published May 1991 , pg. 292

External links
 Barbara Scholze: Alarm bringt Zecher nicht aus der Ruhe
 Dagobert Dobrowolski: Mit Konzertende ertönten die Sirenen

Dietzenbach
1940s in Hesse
1941 in Germany
1941 in military history
Germany–United Kingdom military relations


title: Sacco and Vanzetti Must Die!

text:
Sacco and Vanzetti Must Die! is a 2006 novel by Mark Binelli, published by Dalkey Archive. It is Binelli's first novel.

The main characters, Nic Sacco and Bart Vanzetti, are a Laurel and Hardy-style comedic team that is a re-imagining of Sacco and Vanzetti, with the Sacco character being fat and comedic and the Vanzetti character being the straight man. Therefore the Sacco is "Fatty" and the Vanzetti is "Skinny". The two characters act in silent films and do slapstick comedy. The narrative uses journal entries, excerpts of interviews, and variety shows.

Brendan Driscoll of Booklist wrote that "it’s clear that Binelli’s most abiding intellectual interest is about the social construction of ethnicity." The book also discusses historical memory and public personas. Publishers Weekly wrote that "it takes a long time for Binelli to bring together his counter-tale with its real-life antecedents."

Reception
Rod Smith of Time Out New York wrote that "Binelli falls prey to a few mildly ouch-worthy jokes, but for the most part, he matches hyperkinetic storytelling with an inventive prose style".

Publishers Weekly described the book as "a hefty book, more intellectually satisfying than emotionally so" and concluded that "this is an impressive first outing; ambitious in scope and brimming with sharp-edged black humor."

See also

 Detroit City Is the Place to Be (nonfiction book by Binelli)

References

Further reading
 Dwyer, Jim. "Binelli, Mark. Sacco and Vanzetti Must Die!" (review). Library Journal, June 1, 2006, Vol.131(10), p. 106(1)
 Hoffert, Barbara ; Burns, Ann. "They've got style." (FIRST NOVELISTS FALL 2006) Library Journal, Oct 1, 2006, Vol.131(16), p. 38(4)
 "Looking back: summer sleepers." Publishers Weekly, December 4, 2006, Vol.253(48), p. 27(1)
 Lehoczky, Etelka. "Fiction Chronicle." The New York Times Book Review, July 30, 2006, p. 12(L).
 Patterson, Troy. "Sacco and Vanzetti Must Die!" (reviews). Entertainment Weekly, July 28, 2006, Issue 888, p. 71
 Rosen, Judith. "Sacco and Vanzetti Must Die!" (review). Publishers Weekly, March 6, 2006, Vol.253(10), p. 39(2)

2006 American novels

Works about Sacco and Vanzetti
Dalkey Archive Press books


title: Cum primum (encyclical)

text:
Cum primum, subtitled On Civil Disobedience, is an encyclical issued by Pope Gregory XVI on June 9, 1832.

The encyclical is addressed to the episcopate of the Kingdom of Poland and is primarily a condemnation of the November Uprising.

See also
 Roman Catholicism in Poland
 List of encyclicals of Pope Gregory XVI

References

1832 in Christianity
Papal encyclicals
History of Catholicism in Poland
Religion and politics
Documents of Pope Gregory XVI
June 1832 events
November Uprising

1832 documents


title: Cladonia mongkolsukii

text:
Cladonia mongkolsukii is a species of fruticose lichen in the family Cladoniaceae. Described as new to science in 2011, it is found in lower-elevation montane scrub forests of northeast Thailand and in Sri Lanka. The specific epithet honors Pachara Mongolsuk, a Thai lichenologist.

Taxonomy
Cladonia mongkolsukii was first described by Sittiporn Parnmen and Teuvo Ahti. The species name honours Thai lichenologist Pachara Mongolsuk. The type specimen was collected by the first author in Phu Hin Rong Kla National Park, Pitsanulok Province, Thailand, at an elevation of .

Phylogenetic analysis
A molecular phylogenetic analysis based on internal transcribed spacer sequence data placed Cladonia mongkolsukii near Cladonia singhii. This clade also includes Cladonia fimbriata, Cladonia gracilis, and Cladonia ochrochlora. The latter three species were grouped into the "supergroup" Cladonia by Stenroos et al. (2002).

Description
The  of Cladonia mongkolsukii is persistent, with irregularly  to deeply  segments measuring 0.7–1.8 mm long and 0.2–0.8 mm wide. The lower surface is white and , while the upper surface is greenish and . The podetia, or stalk-like structures, are 10–65 mm tall, 0.3–3 mm thick, and are whitish grey to brownish in colour. They may be unbranched or slightly branched at the apex, and initially lack cup-like structures (ascyphose), but soon develop very narrow  (1–3 mm in diameter) at the tips.

The surface of the podetia is rough and either ecorticate or discontinuously corticate with microsquamules. These microsquamules are more densely distributed near the tips. The , or spore-producing structures, are pale brown to orange or brownish and are terminal on the podetia. The  number eight per ascus. They are , hyaline, oblong to ellipsoid in shape, and typically have dimensions in the range 9–9.5–10 by 2.7–2.9–3.1 μm. In terms of secondary chemistry, C. mongkolsukii contains both fumarprotocetraric acid and homosekikaic acid as major lichen products.

Cladonia mongkolsukii differs from the similar Himalayan species, Cladonia awasthiana, by having podetia that are esorediate (lacking soredia) and microsquamulose (possessing tiny squamules), which are not densely squamulose near the tips.

Habitat and distribution
Cladonia mongkolsukii is known to grow in lower-elevation montane scrub forests in northeast Thailand, specifically within Phu Hin Rong Kla National Park. At this locality, the lichen species is typically found on rocks at elevations around 1110 metres. In 2014, it was reported from Sri Lanka, which was a new record for the Indian subcontinent.

See also
 List of Cladonia species

References

mongkolsukii
Lichens described in 2011
Lichens of Indo-China
Lichens of the Indian subcontinent
Lichen species
Taxa named by Teuvo Ahti


title: Mark Hsu Syers

text:
Mark Hsu Syers (25 October 195215 May 1983) was a Broadway actor in the 70s and 80s.  He graduated from Hopewell Valley Central High School and attended the University of New Mexico, where he acted in The Fantasticks. He graduated Emerson College in 1974 in Boston.  He also appeared in Under Fire in New York City and Godspell in Boston.  His first major role was in Pacific Overtures where he played, among other roles, the Russian Admiral ("Please Hello"), the Soothsayer ("Chrysanthemum Tea"), the Thief ("Four Black Dragons"), and the Warrior ("Someone in a Tree"). He played King Herod in Jesus Christ Superstar and Magaldi in Evita. His voice can be heard on the cast recordings of Pacific Overtures  and Evita.  He was featured in the television program "Anatomy of a Song: Someone in a Tree" with Stephen Sondheim, Gedde Watanabe and James Dybas, which was presented by Frank Rich.

He died in a head-on car crash in Pennington, New Jersey on a wet road in 1983, at the age of 30.  He is buried in Ewing Cemetery.

References

1952 births
1983 deaths
Hopewell Valley Central High School alumni
People from Trenton, New Jersey
20th-century American male actors
American male musical theatre actors
Emerson College alumni
20th-century American singers
Road incident deaths in New Jersey
Burials in New Jersey
20th-century American male singers


title: Lasha Khmaladze

text:
Lasha Khmaladze (born 20 January 1988 in Tbilisi) is a Georgian rugby union player who plays as a fly-half and fullback for the Georgia national rugby union team and Lelo in the Georgia Championship.

He currently has 29 caps for Georgia, with 3 tries scored, 15 points on aggregate. He made his debut on 11 June 2008 in an 11–3 loss to the Emerging Springboks, in Bucharest, at the IRB Nations Cup, aged 20 years old. He played in the 2011 Rugby World Cup qualifying matches and was called for the final squad. He played three games at the 2011 Rugby World Cup, one of them as a substitute, scoring a try in a 25–7 loss to Argentina on 2 October 2011.

Khmaladze has been a regular player for Georgia, playing in the side that reached their fourth Rugby World Cup qualification in a row to the 2015 Rugby World Cup in England.

References

External links

1988 births
Living people
Rugby union players from Tbilisi
Rugby union players from Georgia (country)
Batumi RC players
Rugby union centres
Georgia international rugby union players
Lelo Saracens players
The Black Lion players
2011 Rugby World Cup players
2015 Rugby World Cup players
2019 Rugby World Cup players
2023 Rugby World Cup players


title: Deep Space Network (disambiguation)

text:
A Deep Space Network is a communication network that supports interplanetary spacecraft missions; several instances exist, such as:
 NASA Deep Space Network, a worldwide network of large antennas and communication facilities, located in the United States (California), Spain (Madrid), and Australia (Canberra), that supports interplanetary spacecraft missions
 Chinese Deep Space Network, a network of large antennas and communication facilities that supports the lunar and interplanetary spacecraft missions of China
 European Deep Space Network
 Japanese Deep Space Network
 Indian Deep Space Network, an Indian network of large antennas and communication facilities that supports the interplanetary spacecraft missions of India
 Russian Deep Space Network, a Russian managed network of large antennas and communication facilities that supports interplanetary spacecraft missions, and radio and radar astronomy observations for the exploration of the solar system and the universe


title: List of songs recorded by Alabama

text:
Alabama is an American country, and bluegrass band that has recorded nineteen studio albums, including sixteen for RCA Nashville, as well as two Christmas albums and two Christian music albums. Formed in Fort Payne, Alabama in 1969, the band was founded by Randy Owen (lead vocals, rhythm guitar) and his cousin Teddy Gentry (bass guitar, background vocals), soon joined by their other cousin, Jeff Cook (lead guitar, fiddle, keyboards). Alabama's biggest success came in the 1980s, where the band had over 27 number one hits, seven multi-platinum albums and received numerous awards. Alabama's first single on RCA Nashville, "Tennessee River", began a streak of number one singles, including "Love in the First Degree" (1981), "Mountain Music" (1982), "Dixieland Delight" (1983), "If You're Gonna Play in Texas (You Gotta Have a Fiddle in the Band)" (1984) and "Song of the South" (1988).

Alabama's main members — Randy Owen, Teddy Gentry, and Jeff Cook — wrote or co-wrote a significant amount of material in their catalogue, which was considered unusual for country musicians at that time. Contributing songwriter Greg Fowler is credited on 72 Alabama songs, followed by Ronnie Rogers at 68. The group has recorded 260 songs (65 of which are singles), which include original compositions, cover songs, collaborations with artists such as Lionel Richie and Brad Paisley.

Songs

See also
Alabama discography

Notes

References

Sources

External links
The Alabama Band

Alabama


title: Classic Example (album)

text:
Classic Example is the only studio album by American contemporary R&B group Classic Example, released  via Hollywood Records. The album was co-produced by Cecil Holmes and Maurice Starr. It did not chart in the United States; however, the lead single, "It's Alright", peaked at #68 on the Billboard Hot 100.

In addition to original songs, the album contains a cover of the Cherrelle song "Where Do I Run to", as well as a rendition of the traditional hymn "Lift Every Voice and Sing".

Track listing

A.

References

External links

1992 debut albums
Albums produced by Cecil Holmes (music executive)
Albums produced by Maurice Starr
Contemporary R&B albums by American artists
Hollywood Records albums


title: L. D. Heater Music Company

text:
The L.D. Heater Music Company was a US musical instrument company in Portland, Oregon. The family-owned firm operated from 1918 to 1984 and focused on importing a range of instruments, specializing in guitars, violins, and brass instruments. The company was closed in 1986.

References

1918 establishments in Oregon
1984 disestablishments in Oregon
Companies based in Portland, Oregon
Manufacturing companies established in 1918
Manufacturing companies disestablished in 1984
Musical instrument manufacturing companies of the United States
Defunct music companies


title: John Towlerton Leather

text:
John Towlerton Leather (1804–1885) was a British civil engineering contractor.

In his early career was employed by the Sheffield Waterworks company, and involved in the construction of several dams. He entered private practice in 1839, initially in partnership with Mr Waring (of Waring Brothers).

He was contracted on civil engineering works including  railways, harbour walls and bridge foundation construction. In the 1860s he was a consulting engineer on the Dale Dyke Dam which collapsed causing the Great Sheffield Flood.

He also known for his work on the breakwater at Portland harbour, the forts at Spithead, an extension to the Portsmouth Dockyards, and as the founder of the Hunslet Engine Company of Leeds. Leather was also, for many years, the proprietor of Waterloo Main Colliery near Leeds.

Biography
John Towlerton Leather was born in Beeston Park, Yorkshire  on 30 August 1804. He trained under his uncle George Leather, engineer of the Aire and Calder Navigation, and of the Goole docks. In 1829 he began his own practice in Sheffield, and became engineer of the Sheffield Waterworks in 1833.

As engineer to the Sheffield Waterworks he helped create the Redmires Reservoirs and the Crooke's Moore reservoirs, during which time the young  John Fowler trained under him.

In 1839 he entered into partnership with Mr Waring (later of Waring Brothers) as contractors - they were involved in construction of parts of the Midland Railway (Chesterfield) and London and North Western Railway (Chester and Crewe). The partnership with Waring ended and Leather undertook the construction (c.1846-9) of the Tadcaster to York section of the York and North Midland Railway's York to Leeds line, the construction of which was abandoned before it was completed. Between 1847 and 1850 he carried out the Erewash Valley Line. In the mid 1850s he was contracted to carry out improvements to the River Nene, which were also abandoned. In 1849 he was awarded the contract  for the construction of the breakwater at Portland Harbour.

J. T. Leather was also involved in coalmining enterprises. In 1843 he invested £3500 to join in a new partnership with Kirkby Fenton to run his existing Waterloo colliery at Temple Newsam near Leeds and he came to live at Leventhorpe Hall which had recently been vacated by Fenton. Leather withdrew from the partnership in 1851 and shortly after opened his own colliery nearby, calling it Waterloo Main.

He was also involved in difficult work on the foundations of the Ness Suspension Bridge in the 1850s, and repair work to the Middle Level Navigations in the 1860s under John Hawkshaw.

In 1864 the Dale Dyke Dam, the construction of which he had been supervising, collapsed, causing the Great Sheffield Flood which killed over 200 people. Expert opinion at the time differed over the causes of the collapse. The jury at the inquest into the disaster stated that sufficient care had not been taken in the construction of the works.

In 1864 he established the Hunslet Engine Company, a locomotive manufacture, in Leeds on part of the site of the former Railway Foundry. The company was sold to James Campbell in 1871 for £25,000.

He was employed by the War Office in the 1860s, for the construction of the sea forts at Spithead, as well as Fort Gilkicker and St Helens Fort. In 1867 he was contracted together with George Smith to construct an extension of the Portsmouth Dockyard, which was completed 1877.

In 1877 he retired from the contracting and civil engineering business. He was High Sheriff of Northumberland in 1875.

Married twice, he died in Leeds on 6 June 1885.

References

Sources

1804 births
1885 deaths
English civil engineering contractors
Engineers from Yorkshire
19th-century English businesspeople


title: African Rural University

text:
African Rural University is a university in Uganda.

Location
The main campus of African Rural University is located in the town of Kagadi, Kagadi District, Bunyoro sub-region in the Western Region of Uganda. This is approximately , by road, west of Kampala, the country's capital and largest city. The coordinates of the university are 0°56'32.0"N, 30°49'10.0"E (Latitude:0.942222; Longitude:30.819444).

History
African Rural University was established in 2006 and accredited by the Uganda National Council for Higher Education in 2011.

It was the first university in Africa that has focused on teaching sustainable agriculture exclusively to women. The course work is 60 percent theoretical teaching and 40 percent practical implementation.

Academics
, the university offered only one degree course, the Bachelor of Science in Technologies for Rural Transformation. It is a four-year course, consisting of three years of academic study and one year of practical field activity. Each year of classroom study is divided into two semesters lasting seventeen weeks each. Each admission class is limited to thirty female students. There are plans to introduce degrees in agribusiness and rural finance.

See also

Education in Uganda
Agriculture in Uganda
List of university leaders in Uganda
List of universities in Uganda

References

External links
 Official Webpage

Universities and colleges in Uganda
Agriculture in Uganda
Kagadi District
Bunyoro sub-region
Western Region, Uganda
Universities and colleges established in 2009
2009 establishments in Uganda


title: Porina huainamdungensis

text:
Porina huainamdungensis is a species of lichen in the family Trichotheliaceae. Known from Thailand, where it grows in lower-elevation montane rainforests, it was described as new to science in 2011. The specific epithet refers to the type locality, Huai Nam Dang National Park in Chiang Mai Province.

References

Lichens described in 2011
Lichen species
Lichens of Thailand
Gyalectales
Taxa named by Robert Lücking


title: Rochester and Sodus Bay Railway

text:
The Rochester and Sodus Bay Railway was an electric interurban railway connecting Rochester with the shores of Lake Ontario at Sodus Point. The line was leased to the Rochester Railway Company in 1902 and later merged into New York State Railways in 1909. Ridership dropped off in the 1920s, and the railway east of Glen Haven was abandoned in 1929. The remaining local streetcar service ended in 1933.

Early history (1887-1896)
The Rochester and Glen Haven Railroad was chartered in 1887 to build a narrow gauge steam-powered railroad to connect Rochester with the resort area of Glen Haven on Irondequoit Bay. The Rochester and Glen Haven Railroad connected to the horse car line of the Rochester City and Brighton Railroad at East Main and Chamberlain streets. When the railroad opened for service in 1889, it was still under construction. The full length of the line was completed in 1891. The Glen Haven Hotel opened on the western shores of Irondequoit Bay in 1889, and in the years following many other developments and attractions were built in the area including the Glen Haven Park amusement park. In 1893 the line was foreclosed and reorganized as the Glen Haven Railroad.

Both the railroad and the hotel fell on hard times and two years later the line suspended service. The receiver was Chauncey C. Woodworth, who previously became a partner in Rochester Railway Company in 1868. The Rochester and Glen Haven Railroad was sold at auction to Woodworth and Frank P. Crouch (original vice president of the railroad) and reorganized as the Irondequoit Park Railroad. The route was converted to standard gauge and the electrification process began. On May 30, 1896, electric trolleys began service between East Main Street Station in Rochester and Glen Haven. Rebuilding the line eliminated the need for city passengers to transfer to continue their ride to Glen Haven. Service was operated every 20 minutes, and the railroad continued to invest in the betterment of Glen Haven Park.

Expansion and acquisition (1896-1909)
With the moderate success of the Glen Haven line, the Rochester and Sodus Bay Railway was incorporated in 1898 to build an interurban railway to reach the resort town of Sodus Point on the shores of Lake Ontario. Construction began in 1899 and soon the double-track railroad reached Williamson, Sodus, and up to Sodus Point. Service to Ontario began on July 4, 1900,  Full service over the entire length of the line to Sodus Point commenced on August 22, 1900. Sodus Bay cars used Rochester Railway Company tracks to reach downtown and turnback at Plymouth Avenue.

The Irondequoit Park Railroad was leased by the Rochester and Sodus Bay Railway in 1901, and formally merged in 1902. That same year, the Rochester and Sodus Bay Railway was leased by the Rochester Railway Company.  In 1903, the entire line was rebuilt with heavier 60- and 70-pound rail. The Rochester Railway Company formed the Glen Haven Improvement Company to purchase Glen Haven Park from Woodworth and Crouch. The amusement park continued to benefit from upgrades that lured even more customers to the shores of Irondequoit Bay. Beginning in 1905, Sodus Bay cars originated from the downtown Rochester interurban terminal shared with the Rochester and Eastern Rapid Railway at Court and Exchange streets (near the Erie Railroad terminal). In 1909, the Rochester Railway Company was acquired by New York State Railways, and the Rochester and Sodus Bay Railway was operated as part of the Rochester Lines division.

New York State Railways (1909-1933)
Automatic block signals were installed along the Rochester and Sodus Bay line between 1913 and 1914, a welcome safety feature given the high density schedule that was operated at the time. Glen Haven Park (renamed "Dreamland") continued to be an important source of income through the World War I era, but Prohibition marked the beginning of its demise and forcing the closure of the famed Glen Haven Hotel. Despite the decline of the resorts, passenger traffic to Glen Haven remained steady. In 1925, Sodus Bay cars abandoned the Rochester downtown interurban terminal and instead originated from the Blue Bus Lines depot on South Avenue.

The first car to operate in the new city-owned Rochester Subway was Rochester and Sodus Bay Railway car 171 departing from City Hall station on December 1, 1927. The subway was designed to remove interurbans from the city streets and provide a swift ride through the city. Cars 170 and 171 were temporarily assigned to Rochester Subway service until replacements were secured from the Utica Lines. Of all the interurban lines serving Rochester, only the Rochester and Sodus Bay Railway did not use the subway. Plans were drawn up to build a new connection and ramp into the subway at Culver Road, but never came to fruition.

Better roads and increased use of automobiles led to declining ridership through the 1920s. The old Glen Haven resort hotel burned to the ground in 1928. The line from Glen Haven east to Sodus Point was shut down on June 27, 1929, ending interurban service. Local service continued between Main and Oak streets in Rochester to Glen Haven for a few more years before resuming from its normal origination point at East Main Street. The Glen Haven line was designated Route 13, falling in with the system of bus route numbers implemented by Rochester Railway Company. New York State Railways entered receivership on December 31, 1929. Due to better roads and increase automobile use, traffic on the Glen Haven line dropped off dramatically, and streetcar service ended on July 19, 1933. The transit franchises were later transferred to the new Rochester Transit Corporation in 1938, which operated the Route 30 Webster-Sodus bus along the same route.

Disposition
The property of the Sodus Bay interurban was sold at public auction in November 1931. Rochester Gas & Electric Corp. purchased the electric transmission lines, poles, and right of way for $30,000. The station in Wallington was purchased by a private individual and converted into a gas station. The station at Williamson and the substation at East Williamson were both sold to private individuals.

Ownership of the Glen Haven Park property passed on to successor Rochester Transit Corporation, who sold the land through its Railway Properties Corporation subsidiary to Edward M. Hayden in 1946. Today the land is vacant with no trace of the buildings that once stood. The old railway grade through the city limits was acquired by Rochester Gas & Electric for use as a transmission line right of way, and is easily followed today. Some sections of railroad grade are still visible around Irondequoit Bay to this day. The body of Car 113 resides at the Seashore Trolley Museum in Kennebunkport, Maine, awaiting evaluation for future restoration.

Station listing
From Rochester Railway timetable effective May 25, 1908. Local (non-agency) stops and sidings omitted:
 Court and Exchange Streets, Rochester (Interurban Terminal)
 E. Main Street, Rochester (connection with Rochester Railway Company)
 Glen Haven Junction
 Dayton's Corners
 Glen Edith
 West Webster
 Webster
 Union Hill
 Fruitland
 Ontario Center
 Ontario
 Williamson
 East Williamson
 Sodus
 Wallington
 Sodus Point

References

Defunct New York (state) railroads
Interurban railways in New York (state)
Streetcars in New York (state)
Transportation in Rochester, New York
Railway companies established in 1889
Railway companies disestablished in 1933
Standard gauge railways in the United States


title: 1997 RCA Championships – Singles

text:
Pete Sampras was the defending champion, but lost in the third round to Magnus Larsson.

Jonas Björkman won the title, defeating Carlos Moyá in the final 6–3, 7–6(7–3).

Seeds
The top eight seeds received a bye into the second round.

Draw

Finals

Top half

Section 1

Section 2

Bottom half

Section 3

Section 4

References

External links
Main Draw

1997 ATP Tour


title: Bluewater Creek Formation

text:
The Bluewater Creek Formation is a geologic formation in west-central New Mexico. It preserves fossils dating back to the late Triassic period.

Description
The formation consists of red sandstones and mudstones and has a total thickness in excess of . It conformably overlies the Shinarump Conglomerate and conformably underlies the Petrified Forest Formation.

The formation has been correlated with the Salitral Formation of north-central New Mexico on the basis of its lithology, but it is likely somewhat younger, with an age around 219 million years.

Fossils
The formation contains some fossil vertebrates and an extensive fossil flora. Fossil tetrapods from the
Bluewater Creek Formation include the theropod dinosaur Camposaurus, phytosaur Rutiodon, the aetosaurs Desmatosuchus and Stagonolepis, and the metoposaurid Anaschisma. These are characteristic of the late Carnian.

History of investigation
Spencer G. Lucas and S.N. Hayden defined the Bluewater Creek Member of the Chinle Formation in 1989, assigning to it beds formerly assigned either to Division D, lower red member, or Monitor Butte Member of the Chinle Formation. With their subsequent promotion of the Chinle in northwestern New Mexico to group rank, the Bluewater Creek was promoted to the Bluewater Creek Formation.

On the basis of high-precision detrital zircon geochronology, Ramezani, Fastovsky, and Bowring concluded in 2014 that the Bluewater Creek beds are correlative with the uppermost Blue Mesa Member to middle Sonsela Member of the Chinle Formation of the Petrified Forest National Park in Arizona, and recommended that the formation be abandoned.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in New Mexico
 Paleontology in New Mexico

References

Triassic formations of New Mexico


title: Petrified Forest Member

text:
The Petrified Forest Member is a stratigraphic unit of the Chinle Formation in Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, Nevada, and Utah. It preserves fossils dating back to the Triassic period.

Subunits
Beds (are in alphabetical order, asterisks (*) indicate usage by the U.S. Geological Survey, other usages by state geological surveys):
 Capitol Reef Bed (UT*)
 Correo Sandstone Bed (NM*)
 Sonsela Sandstone Bed (AZ*,NM*)

In the Chama Basin of New Mexico, the Chinle Formation is promoted to group status and the Petrified Forest Formation has the following members:
 Painted Desert Member
 Mesa Montoso Member

The  Mesa Montosa Member is up to  thick and is mostly composed of sandstone (44%) and mudstone (35%), with a lesser proportion of siltstone (20%). The color is reddish brown to brown and the sandstone is thinly bedded and ripple laminated.

The Painted Desert Member is up to  thick and is primarily reddish brown bentonitic mudstone. The name was originally applied to the beds above the Sonsela Sandstone Bed in Petrified Forest National Park in eastern Arizona. Correlative beds of similar lithology are found throughout west-central and central New Mexico and the Four Corners. The Black Forest Bed within this member has a maximum age of 213 ± 1.7 Ma based on detrital zircon geochronology, with an actual age estimated as 209 Ma. This places the upper part of the Painted Desert Member in the latest Norian age.

Fossils
The Snyder quarry, discovered by amateur fossil hunter Mark Snyder near the town of Abiquiu, New Mexico, in 1998, is an unusually productive and diverse bone bed in the Petrified Forest Formation. Abundant charcoal suggests a mass kill due to a paleowildfire. Fossils include archosaurs, procolophonids, metoposaurid amphibians, semionotid fish, a decapod, a conchostracan, and unionid bivalves.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in New Mexico
 Paleontology in New Mexico

Footnotes

References

Triassic formations of New Mexico
Chinle Formation


title: Salitral Formation

text:
The Salitral Formation is a Late Triassic geologic formation found in north-central New Mexico, primarily the northwestern Jemez Mountains. It is an older subunit of the Chinle Group (or formation), overlying the Shinarump Conglomerate and underlying the Poleo Formation.

History of investigation
The unit was originally designated as the Salitral Shale tongue of the Chinle Formation by Wood and Northrup in 1946, as part of their petroleum survey of the region. It was presumably named for Salitral Creek ().  Lucas and Hunt raised it to formation rank in 1992 in the same study in which they raised the Chinle Formation to group rank. Other authors prefer a lower rank, as the Salitral Member of the Chinle Formation.

Geology
The formation consists of variegated mudstone and is assigned to the lower (bentonitic) Chinle Group. The Salitral extensively intertongues with the underlying Shinarump Conglomerate (formerly known in the Jemez as the Agua Zarca Sandstone) and pinches out in the Abiquiu area and in the southern Jemez, where the overlying Poleo Formation rests directly on the Shinarump.

The Salitral Formation is time-equivalent to other Chinle strata found further west, occupying the same stratigraphic position. These include the Bluewater Creek Formation and the Blue Mesa Member in west-central New Mexico, and the Monitor Butte Formation and Blue Mesa Member in southeastern Utah. However, it is not a synonym for any of these formations, being much thinner and having its own distinctive lithology.

The formation is notable for the presence of septarian concretions.

Members
As a formation, the Salitral consists of two members. The lower Piedre Lumbre Member, named for the Piedre Lumbre Land Grant, is sandstone and siltstone, olive gray to brown in color, up to   thick. It tends to form a green slope immediately above the underlying Shinarump Conglomerate. The upper bed is occasionally prominent as a brownish yellow intraformational conglomerate up to  thick. When present, this is designated the El Cerrito Bed. The upper Youngsville Member is reddish brown, bentonitic mudstone up to  thick. It is named for the nearby village of Youngsville.

Fossils
Tetrapod fossils have been identified in the type section of the Youngsville Member. These include coprolites and indeterminate metoposaurid and phytosaur remains, including a paramedian scute that may be the aetosaur Longosuchus or Desmatosuchus.

Footnotes

References

Triassic formations of New Mexico


title: San Pedro Arroyo Formation

text:
The San Pedro Arroyo Formation is a geologic formation in south-central New Mexico. It preserves fossils dating back to the late Triassic period.

Description
The formation consists of variegated bentonitic mudstone, sandstone, conglomerate, siltstone, and minor limestone, with a total thickness of . The sandstones are purple to red in color and are crossbedded, laminar, ripple laminated and micaceous. They are interbedded with conglomerates composed of mudstone and calcrete clasts. The formation rests on the Santa Rosa Formation and underlies either the Morrison Formation or, where that is not present, the Mesa Rica Formation or Dakota Group.

A set of limestone beds near the base of the formation have been designated the Ojo Huelos Member. This consists of brown-weathering limestone beds a few meters thick, interbedded with meter-thick yellowish to greenish mudstone.

History of investigation
The formation was defined by Lucas et al. in 1991 to resolve an inconsistency in the stratigraphy of south-central New Mexico. Previous work had separated the Shinarump Formation from the Chinle Formation, but the Shinarump is a member of the Chinle Formation on the Colorado Plateau. Lucas further rationalized the stratigraphy by promoting the Chinle to group rank in New Mexico in 1993. However, other New Mexico stratigraphers have criticized the formation as a junior synonym for the Cooper Canyon Formation.

Fossils
Fossils of amphibians and phytosaurs have been found in the formation.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in New Mexico
 Paleontology in New Mexico

References

Triassic formations of New Mexico


title: Kasun Eljabal

text:
Kasun Eljabal ()  is a Syrian village located in Hama Nahiyah in Hama District, Hama.  According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Kasun Eljabal had a population of 586 in the 2004 census.

References

Populated places in Salamiyah District


title: Khala, Hama

text:
Khala, Hama ()  is a Syrian village located in Hama Nahiyah in Hama District, Hama.  According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Khala, Hama had a population of 457 in the 2004 census.

References

Populated places in Salamiyah District


title: Maar Daftein

text:
Maar Daftein () is a Syrian village located in the Subdistrict of the Hama District in the Hama Governorate. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Maar Daftein had a population of 2,046 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Sunni Muslims.

References

Bibliography

Populated places in Hama District


title: Maar Shuhur

text:
Maar Shuhur () is a Syrian village located in the Hama Subdistrict of the Hama District in Hama Governorate. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Maar Shuhur had a population of 5,595 in the 2004 census.

References

Populated places in Hama District


title: Maarin al-Jabal

text:
Maarin al-Jabal () is a Syrian village located in the Subdistrict of the Hama District in the Hama Governorate. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Maarin al-Jabal had a population of 3,710 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Sunni Muslims.

References

Bibliography

Populated places in Hama District


The 2014 European Junior Swimming Championships were held from 9–13 July 2014 in Dordrecht, Netherlands. The Championships were organized by LEN, the European Swimming League, and were held in a 50-meter pool. Per LEN rules, competitors have age 15 or 16 for girls and 17 or 18 for boys.

Results

Boys

Girls

Mixed Events

Medal table

Participating countries
42 countries will take part in 2014 European Junior Swimming Championships with total of 511 swimmers.

References

External links

European Junior Swimming Championships
European Junior Swimming Championships, 2014
International aquatics competitions hosted by the Netherlands
2014 in Dutch sport
Swimming competitions in the Netherlands
Sports competitions in Dordrecht
July 2014 sports events in Europe
Swimming


title: Sticta venosa

text:
Sticta venosa is a species of terricolous (ground-dwelling), foliose lichen in the family Peltigeraceae. It is known only from Pichincha Province, Ecuador, and from Colombia. It was described as new to science in 2011.

Taxonomy
Sticta venosa was first formally described in 2011 by lichenologists Robert Lücking, Bibiana Moncada, and Javier Robayo. The type specimen was discovered by the first author in Río Guajalito Protected Forest, Ecuador, at an altitude of , nestled among mosses in a montane rainforest. The species name venosa is derived from the prominent  formed by the ridges and  on the lower side of the lichen.

Description

General features
The thallus of Sticta venosa can reach up to  in diameter, with individual  extending up to  long. The lobes are linear to slightly ,  wide, and exhibit extensive branching, especially near the tip. Both upper and lower surfaces of the lobes display strong and  ridges, creating a  appearance. The photobiont associated with Sticta venosa is from the cyanobacterial genus Nostoc.

The upper surface of the lobes is blue-grey with a brownish tinge when fresh, turning pale brownish-grey when dry. The lower surface is white to yellowish-white and , apart from thin lines of dark brown tomentum that grow atop the ridges and form distinct, thin, radiating veins. The lobe margins are highly incised and , with tufts of dark brown hairs emerging from the incisions, particularly at the lobe tips. Marginal isidia are also present, which are terete to flattened and unbranched to branched, bearing a resemblance to .

Similar species
Apothecia have not been observed in this species, and no lichen products were detected through thin-layer chromatography analysis. Sticta venosa shares certain features with Sticta filicinella, particularly in its substrate and overall lobe morphology, including the cyanobacterial photobiont. However, Sticta venosa is considered the isidiate counterpart of Sticta filicinella due to its unique ridged and  lobe surface and the tomentum on the lower side. This species bears a passing resemblance to some Peltigera and Lobaria species, specifically those in the L. peltigera group, but can be distinguished by its preference for living on land and the  present on the underside of the lobe.

Habitat and distribution
At the time of its original publication, Sticta venosa was only known to occur in its type locality in Ecuador, where it thrives in the shaded understory of montane rainforests. It has since been found in the Chocó region of Valle del Cauca, in western Colombia. There, it was found growing amongst several other Sticta species at an elevation of .

References

venosa
Lichen species
Lichens described in 2011
Lichens of Colombia
Lichens of Ecuador
Taxa named by Robert Lücking


title: Al-Mubattan

text:
Al-Mubattan () is a Syrian village located in the Subdistrict of the Hama District in the Hama Governorate. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), al-Mubattan had a population of 400 in the 2004 census.

References

Populated places in Hama District


title: Madbaa

text:
Madbaa () is a Syrian village located in the Subdistrict of the Hama District in the Hama Governorate. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Madbaa had a population of 857 in the 2004 census.

References

Populated places in Hama District


title: Ceratophora erdeleni

text:
Ceratophora erdeleni, also known commonly as Erdelen's horned lizard or Erdelen's horn lizard, is a species of lizard in the family  Agamidae. The species is endemic to Sri Lanka. It has only a rudimentary "horn", that is occasionally missing altogether.

Etymology
The specific name, erdeleni, is in honor of German biologist Walter R. Erdelen.

Geographic range
C. erdeleni is known only from Morningside Forest Reserve in Sri Lanka at an elevation of .

Description
The head of C. erdeleni is oval, and longer than wide. The rostral appendage is oval and rudimentary (less than 18% snout length), and occasionally missing in both sexes. The tympanum is hidden under the skin. A weak dorso-nuchal crest is confined to the neck region. Lamellae under fourth toe are 24–28 in number. The dorsum is yellow, light brown, or reddish brown in color, with 17 broad dark brown crossbands on the body and tail that are separated by light narrow interspaces. The venter is yellowish green. Juveniles are green with black transverse bands.

Habitat and behavior
C. erdeleni inhabits rainforests in the midhills and is arboreal and diurnal.

Reproduction
An adult female of C. erdeleni may produce 2 to 3 eggs at a time, each egg measuring .

References

Further reading
Pethiyagoda R, Manamendra-Arachchi K (1998). "A revision of the endemic Sri Lankan agamid lizard genus Ceratophora Gray, 1835, with description of two new species". Journal of South Asian Natural History 3 (1): 1-50. (Ceratophora erdeleni, new species).

External links
http://www.wildreach.com/reptile/Sauria/Ceratophora%20erdeleni.php
https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q8WER4

erdeleni
Lizards of Asia
Reptiles of Sri Lanka
Endemic fauna of Sri Lanka
Reptiles described in 1998
Taxa named by Rohan Pethiyagoda


title: Ceratophora karu

text:
Ceratophora karu, also known as Karu's horned lizard or Karu's horn lizard, is a species of lizard in the family  Agamidae. The species is endemic to Sri Lanka.

Etymology
The specific name, karu, is in honor of Sri Lankan zoologist G. Punchi Banda "Karu" Karunaratne (1930–1996).

Geographic range and habitat
A species of horned lizard, C. karu is known only from Morning Side Forest Reserve in Sri Lanka at an elevation of .

Description
The head of C. karu is oval, and is longer than wide. The rostral appendage comprises more scales than rostral scales. The scales are triangular, smooth or weakly keeled. The length of the rostral appendage is less than eye-nostril distance. There are prominent superciliary scales. There is a backward-pointing V-shaped ridge at the back of the forehead. The dorsal scales are larger than the scales on the flanks. The lamellae under the fourth toe number 14–17.

The dorsum is dark black-brown, and the flanks are brown or olive-green. Some specimens have bright orange-red patches on the supralabials. The throat and venter are buff or dirty white to yellowish-brown with small black patches.

Reproduction
C. karu is oviparous. About 2 eggs are produced at a time, measuring 8.6 mm x 5.0 mm.

References

Further reading
Pethiyagoda R, Manamendra-Arachchi K (1998). "A revision of the endemic Sri Lankan agamid lizard genus Ceratophora Gray, 1835, with description of two new species". J. South Asian Nat. Hist. 3 (1): 1-50. (Ceratophora karu, new species).

External links
http://www.wildreach.com/reptile/Sauria/Ceratophora%20karu.php

karu
Lizards of Asia
Reptiles of Sri Lanka
Endemic fauna of Sri Lanka
Reptiles described in 1998
Taxa named by Rohan Pethiyagoda


title: Palazzo Venezia, Naples

text:
The Palazzo Venezia is a historical building Via Benedetto Croce 19 in Naples, Italy, a section of a street, Spaccanapoli.

It is next to three other important buildings of Naples: Filomarino Palace, Carafa della Spina Palace and Petrucci Palace. It is evidence of intense political relationship during the centuries between the Republic of Venice and the Kingdom of Naples and an ignored building that is hidden in the city centre.

History
The palace was given in 1412 to the Venetian Republic by the King Ladislaus I for use as an embassy.

During the sixteenth century, the palace fell into complete ruin and Giuseppe Zono, by decree of the Venetian Senate, undertook to restore it in 1610. The same Zono made to affix a plaque in Latin on the restoration carried out. That was just one of the several plaques affixed inside the palace. One of them reminds the restoration made by Pietro Dolce in 1646; another one commemorates the complete renovation of the palace by Antonio Maria Vincenti, after the disastrous earthquake of June 5, 1688.

After the Napoleonic wars, with the treaty of Campoformio, the palace became property of the Habsburg monarchy, but a year later the lawyer Gaspare Capone bought it and restore it. In the 19th century was built a small neoclassic garden building (casina pompeiana) in the courtyard.

The building
You enter the Venice Palace through a lowered arch with on top the family crest of Capone. On the left of it there is the eighteenth-century open stairway with three arches. The canopy is in iron and glass and back in the early nineteenth century.

A particular relevance has the garden, where you can find the little chapel called Mary's cave (grotta della Madonnina).

References
 Aurelio De Rose, I Palazzi di Napoli. Storia, curiosità e aneddoti che si tramadano da secoli su questi straordinari testimoni della vita partenopea, Newton Compton editori, Roma, 2004.
 Agnese Palumbo, Maurizio Ponticello, Il giro di Napoli in 501 luoghi. La città come non l'avete mai vista, Newton Compton editori, Roma, 2014.

Venezia


title: Struve–Hay Building

text:
The Struve–Hay Building is a historic commercial building in Huntsville, Alabama.  Built in 1900, it represents a transition between Victorian architecture style and the less ornamented Commercial Brick style.  The building was originally two stories with a three-story tower on the corner, but the second story of the Jefferson Street façade was removed in 1955.  Previously consisting of two storefronts, the Jefferson Street side was later combined into one, with a recessed central entrance flanked by pilasters and two large single-pane fixed windows on either side.  This portion of the building is also painted white with green accents, rather than the red with unpainted stone accents of the remainder of the building, providing additional visual separation.  The corner and first bay of either side are adorned with stone pilasters with capitals supporting a stone course that wraps around the building.  The tower has a single one-over-one sash window on each face of the second floor, with a pair of small arched windows on the third.  It is topped with a pyramidal roof and ball finial.  Along Holmes Avenue, the first floor has no windows, while the second floor has a pair of one-over-one windows per bay.  The building is topped with a bracketed pressed metal cornice.  The roof on the end of the building on the Holmes side steps down to a separate unit, featuring a Romanesque Revival arched entryway below a bay window.  The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.

References

National Register of Historic Places in Huntsville, Alabama
Commercial buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Alabama
Commercial buildings completed in 1900
Buildings and structures in Huntsville, Alabama


title: Le maçon

text:
(French for The Mason) is an opéra comique in three acts by Daniel Auber to a libretto by Eugène Scribe and Germain Delavigne. It premiered at the Opéra-Comique Salle Feydeau in Paris on 3 May 1825. It was to become Auber's first enduring success.

Among the original cast was the tenor Antoine Ponchard.

Synopsis

Le maçon is set in Paris, in the Faubourg Saint-Antoine, around 1820.

Act 1
Roger, a mason, and his bride Henriette (the sister of his friend Baptiste, a locksmith) are rejoicing at their wedding. An officer, Léon de Mérinville, whose life was once saved by Roger, arrives at the wedding reception. He explains that he is on his way to a nearby château to release Irma, a young Greek girl who is being held against her will by some Turks. Two figures in muffled in cloaks arrive, and secretly abduct Roger and Baptiste at knifepoint from the wedding reception.

Act 2
Léon has been seized by the Turks. Irma and Léon's plans of escape have been discovered. Turkish slaves Usbeck and Rica who had kidnapped Roger and Baptiste arrive at the château with the two blindfolded men. The mason and locksmith are forced to build a prison. Roger recognizes with dismay that it is meant for Léon. The now repentant Turk, Rica, tries to help Irma and Léon to escape, but they are let down by Baptiste's cowardice and captured. He and Roger are forced to wall up the three alive.

Act 3
Roger and Baptiste are guided back home, again with their eyes blindfolded, but their homecoming is detected by an incensed Henriette, who tells them they were seen entering the château of the Turkish ambassador. This information solves the mystery of the château's location, and the mason and locksmith rush out crying, "They are saved!". When they find that the Turks have bolted from the embassy, then they set the prisoners are free.

References

External links

 Words and music without accompaniment, via Gallica
 Libretto, Brussels 1827

Operas by Daniel Auber
1825 operas
Libretti by Eugène Scribe
Libretti by Germain Delavigne
French-language operas
Operas set in France
Operas set in the 19th century
Operas


title: Cresponea ancistrosporelloides

text:
Cresponea ancistrosporelloides is a species of lichen in the family Roccellaceae. Known only from Stirling Range National Park in Western Australia, it was described as new to science in 2011. The specific epithet ancistrosporelloides  refers to the similarity of its tailed spores to those of genus Ancistrosporella.

References

Roccellaceae
Lichen species
Lichens described in 2011
Lichens of Australia
Taxa named by Harrie Sipman


title: Tae-il

text:
Tae-il is a Korean masculine given name. Its meaning differs based on the hanja used to write each syllable of the name. There are 20 hanja with the reading "tae" and ten hanja with the reading "il" on the South Korean government's official list of hanja which may be registered for use in given names.

People with this name include:
Jeon Tae-il (1948–1970), South Korean activist who burned himself to death in protest of the poor working conditions in South Korean factories
Yoon Tae-il (born 1964), South Korean handball player
Chang Tae-il (born 1965), South Korean boxer
Lee Tae-il (born 1990), South Korean singer, member of boy band Block B
Moon Tae-il (born 1994), South Korean singer, member of boy band NCT

Fictional characters with this name include:
Han Tae-il, in 2014 South Korean film Man in Love
Park Tae-il, in 2014 South Korean television series You're All Surrounded

See also
List of Korean given names

References

Korean masculine given names
Masculine given names


title: Richmond Tobacco Exchange

text:
Richmond Tobacco Exchange was a commodities exchange in Richmond, Virginia, where tobacco was traded.

It was established in 1858. Tobacco farmers opposed its creation, because the exchange was controlled by merchants.

The Richmond Chamber of Commerce reported sales of leaf tobacco through the exchange for the year ended September 30, 1873 were 45,595 hogsheads, 11,415 tierces and 1,814 boxes.
In the year ended September 30, 1872,  of loose tobacco was weighed at warehouses in Richmond, most at the Shockoe Warehouse.

References

Commodity exchanges in the United States
Tobacco in the United States
History of Richmond, Virginia
Defunct companies based in Virginia


title: 1986 in Taiwan

text:
Events from the year 1986 in Taiwan, Republic of China. This year is numbered Minguo 75 according to the official Republic of China calendar.

Incumbents
 President – Chiang Ching-kuo
 Vice President – Lee Teng-hui
 Premier – Yu Kuo-hwa
 Vice Premier – Lin Yang-kang

Events

January
 1 January – The establishment of National Museum of Natural Science in North District, Taichung City.

March
 30 March – The founding of Hitron.

August
 1 August – The opening of National Open University in Luzhou City, Taipei County.

September
 19 September – The completion of Yunlin Prison expansion in Huwei Township, Yunlin County.
 26 September – The closing of Sankuaicuo Station in Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City.
 28 September – The founding of Democratic Progressive Party.

November
 28 November
 The start of operation of Canadian Trade Office in Taipei in Taipei City.
 The reestablishment of Taroko National Park.

December
 6 December – 1986 Republic of China National Assembly and legislative election.

Births
 4 January – Cheng Shao-chieh, badminton athlete
 20 January – Genie Chuo, singer and actress
 19 February – Amber Kuo, singer and actress
 5 March – Chang Tsai-hsing, actor
 8 March – Amanda Chu, actress
 7 May – Pai Hsiao-ma, badminton athlete
 12 June – Alicia Liu, model and television personality
 8 July – Chloe Wang, actress, singer and host
 5 August – Chang Cheng-wei, baseball player
 6 October – Chiang Ming-han, football athlete
 12 November – Evan Yo, singer-songwriter
 26 December – Tseng Li-cheng, taekwondo athlete

Deaths
 25 February – Tu Tsung-ming, 92, pharmacologist.

References

Years of the 20th century in Taiwan


title: Bakamuna

text:
Bakamuna () is a village town in Sri Lanka. It is located within North Central Province.

History
It has many ancient ruins in Sri Lanka such as Buduruwayaya temple, Oru bedi Siyambalawa, and the city is located near Moragahakanda reservoir with Mahaweli River tributary Amban Ganga. At the time of King Mahasen, the village was known as "Bakka amuna - Bakka Dam". The city got its name from the reservoir called Bak Amuna Pathaha which had a large basin (reservoir). Today this reservoir has been rehabilitated as a tank and it belongs to the Minneriya Giritale Forest Reserve.

An agricultural settlement based on paddy cultivation, the settlements in this forest area were established in the 1940s during the time of Prime Minister D. S. Senanayake. The nearby Amban River originates in the vicinity of the Dumbara Hills in Matale and the Nalanda Hills. King Vasabha built the Elahera Anicut and Canal which is 48 km in length, by crossing the anicuts at the Elahera, Ambanganga, a major branch of the Mahaweli. King Mahasen later extended this canal. Heerati Oya, Amboku Oya and Kalu Ganga are tributaries of Amban Ganga. Heerati Oya and Kalu Ganga join the Amban Ganga near Bakamuna.

The village is a part of Accelerated Mahaweli Development Project included to "System G" previously, which was renamed as "System Moragahakanda". In 1988, a corundum-bearing skarn deposit was discovered. The city is bordered by Minneriya National Park where continuous human-wildlife conflict is a common scene around the city.

The cities around Bakamuna are, Dambulla, Puwakgahaulpota, Elahera, Siyambalawa, Heeratiya, Aththanakadawala, Kalu ganga, Handungamuwa, Damanayaya, Diyabeduma, Giritale, Atharagallawa, Kottapitiya and Galmulla. Yodha Ela canal flows through the Amban River and supplies water to the paddy fields in the area. Orubedi Siyambalawa is located on the banks of the Yoda Ela. The historic tamarind tree is also known as an archeological protection plant where the legends has it that King Mahasen traveled along the Elahera canal and tied a boat to this tree. There is also a deity shrine dedicated to King Mahasen nearby.

The Buduruwayaya Temple with sacred reclining Buddha statue is located about 6 km along the Dambulla-Hettipola road from Bakamuna town which is surrounded by the Amban river and Wasgamuwa National Park. According to history, the temple was completed by King Parakramabahu the Great. The reclining Buddha statue is a 25 feet long reclining statue made of moonstone. Scattered around it are ancient ruins as well as ancient pagoda and stone tablets. The ruins of a place believed to be the palace of King Parakramabahu can be seen in a vast forest about six kilometers from this sleeping statue.

The ruins in Kumara Ella, near the Atharagallewa bridge on the Hettipola road were excavated in 2004. There is an old polling station which was the place where monks used to take hot baths and herbal water baths when they were sick. There is also a Bodhi tree nearby.

School
The town has school, Mahasen Central College, established on 1 June 1948, under the name "Bakamuna Mahasen Madya Maha Vidyalaya", with the principal R.M Rathnayake. Now the school is separated as primary and secondary sections and both sections have two different principals. In 2019, the school was lifted to National School by the president Maithripala Sirisena.

Hospital
Bakamuna regional hospital is the best closest hospital to Dambulla and Polonnaruwa. In 2018, Kidney Disease Prevention Unit and outpatient treatment buildings was developed under the 'Pibidena Polonnaruwa Development Program' by President Sirisena.

References

External links

Isuru College
Mahaweli Authority
Bakamuna fertilizer store is a casualty
Mahaweli Holiday Bungalows
Bakamuna Fair

Populated places in Polonnaruwa District


title: Mirissa

text:
Mirissa (; ) is a small town on the south coast of Sri Lanka, located in the Matara District of the Southern Province. It is approximately  south of Colombo and is situated at an elevation of  above sea level. Mirissa's beach and nightlife make it a popular tourist destination. It is also a fishing port and one of the island's main whale and dolphin watching locations.

History
Mirissa is the largest fishing port on the south coast and is known for its tuna, mullet, snapper, and butterfish. In 1980 the first tourist accommodation was built, and in the mid-1990s tourism to the town started to increase dramatically.

Mirissa was affected by the tsunami caused by the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake, with numerous homes, guesthouses, shops, schools, and temples destroyed or damaged and fourteen reported deaths.

Transport
Mirissa is located on the A2 Highway, connecting Colombo to Wellawaya.

The Mirissa railway station is located, approximately  to the east of Mirissa, on the Coastal or Southern Rail Line (connecting Colombo through to Matara).

Mirissa is located from 13Km far from Kokmaduwa Interchange of Southern Expressway,

Facilities
 Mirissa Boat Harbour
 Mirissa railway station

Attractions
 Mirissa beach and Parrot Rock
 Coconut Tree Hill
 Whale Watching
 Sri Sunandarama Temple
 Secret Beach

See also
 List of towns in Southern Province, Sri Lanka
 List of beaches in Sri Lanka

References

Populated places in Matara District
Populated places in Southern Province, Sri Lanka
Seaside resorts in Sri Lanka