title: 1934 Nanga Parbat climbing disaster

text:
The 1934 Nanga Parbat climbing disaster resulted in the loss of 10 lives on Nanga Parbat, the world's ninth-highest mountain and one of the 14 eight-thousanders. The disaster, which happened during the 1934 climbing season, included nine climbers who died in what was, at the time, the single deadliest mountaineering accident in history.

Event
In 1934, German climber Willy Merkl led a well financed expedition to Nanga Parbat (located in Jammu and Kashmir, British India; present-day Gilgit-Baltistan, northeastern Pakistan), with the full backing of the new Nazi government. Early in the expedition Alfred Drexel died, probably of high altitude pulmonary edema. The Tyrolean climbers  and  reached an estimated height of (7,895 m / 25,900 ft) on July 6, but were forced to return because of worsening weather. On July 7, they and 14 others were trapped by a ferocious storm at 7,480 m (24,540 ft). During the desperate retreat that followed, three famous German mountaineers, ,  and Merkl himself, as well as six Sherpas, died of exhaustion, exposure and altitude sickness, and several more suffered severe frostbite. The last survivor to reach safety, Ang Tsering, did so having spent seven days battling through the storm. It has been said that the disaster, "for sheer protracted agony, has no parallel in climbing annals."

Books
Jonathan Neale wrote a book about the 1934 climbing season on Nanga Parbat called Tigers of the Snow. He interviewed many old Sherpas, including Ang Tsering, the last man off Nanga Parbat alive in 1934. The book attempts to narrate what went wrong on the expedition, set against mountaineering history of the early twentieth century, the background of German politics in the 1930s, and the hardship and passion of life in the Sherpa valleys.

See also
 List of deaths on eight-thousanders

References

Notes

Further reading

Mountaineering disasters
Nanga Parbat
Mountaineering in Pakistan
1934 disasters in Asia
Karakoram
1934 in British India
Disasters in Gilgit-Baltistan


title: Trichomycterus alternatus

text:
Trichomycterus alternatus is a species of pencil catfish endemic to Brazil, where it occurs in coastal river basins in Rio de Janeiro and Espírito Santo. This species reaches a maximum length of .

References

External links

alternatus
Fish of South America
Fish of Brazil
Endemic fauna of Brazil
Fish described in 1917


title: The Appointed Hour

text:
The Appointed Hour is a collaborative album by singer and guitarist Peter Hammill and ambient musician Roger Eno. It was released in January 2001 by Fie! Records.

The music on the album was based on an agreement between Roger Eno and Peter Hammill that they both would improvise for one hour on a previously agreed upon time (1 April 1999, between 13:00 and 14:00 GMT). The only pre-arrangement was that both musicians would start in D minor, but other than that neither of them knew what the other was doing. The album was created by adding the two recordings together (and deleting only some of it - according to Hammill there are no overdubs).

Track listing
All tracks written by Roger Eno and Peter Hammill.
"Up" – 2:34
"Are They" – 2:01
"Your Heart" – 5:57
"And Let This" – 2:25
"Wise Men" – 4:01
"So How" – 1:43
"To Know" – 1:40
"Fools" – 3:32
"In" – 1:14
"Where" – 2:59
"To Tread" – 2:01
"Fool Rush" – 2:56
"Fear" – 3:22
"Open" – 1:34
"Never" – 3:36
"Rush In" – 0:57
"But" – 3:11
"In Love" – 5:13
"Angels" – 5:02
"Fall" – 4:09

References

1999 collaborative albums
Peter Hammill albums
Roger Eno albums


title: Mohamed Shangole

text:
Mohamed Qalaf Aden "Shangole" (c. 1931 – 7 July 2014) was a Somali footballer and sports official. He served as the first captain of the Somalia national football team. Aden subsequently served as a senior advisor with the Somali Football Federation. He was also the head of the Middle Shabelle Olympics committee. On 7 July 2014, Aden died after lapsing into a coma while undergoing treatment at a hospital. He spent most of his life in Jowhar.

References

1930s births
2014 deaths
Somalian men's footballers
Somalia men's international footballers

Men's association football players not categorized by position
People from Middle Shabelle


title: Cocoa Exchange

text:
Cocoa Exchange may refer to:
New York Cocoa Exchange, a former commodity futures exchange where cocoa was bought and sold
Coffee, Sugar and Cocoa Exchange, created by the merger of the New York Cocoa Exchange and New York Coffee and Sugar Exchange
1 Wall Street Court, a building in Manhattan where the New York Cocoa Exchange had its trading floor and offices
 London Commodity Exchange, which merged to become London International Financial Futures and Options Exchange

See also
Cocoa (disambiguation)
List of commodities exchanges


title: Elio Bavutti

text:
Elio Bavutti (5 May 1914 – 9 February 1987) was an Italian cyclist. He competed in the individual and team road race events at the 1936 Summer Olympics.

References

External links

1914 births
1987 deaths
Italian male cyclists
Olympic cyclists for Italy
Cyclists at the 1936 Summer Olympics
Sportspeople from Modena
Cyclists from Emilia-Romagna


title: Lead Bell Shale

text:
The Lead Bell Shale is a geologic formation in Idaho. It preserves fossils dating back to the Cambrian period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Idaho
 Paleontology in Idaho

References

Cambrian geology of Utah


title: Spence Shale

text:
The Spence Shale is the middle member of the Langston Formation in southeastern Idaho and northeastern Utah. It is exposed in the Bear River Range, the Wasatch Range and the Wellsville Mountains. It is known for its abundant Cambrian trilobites and the preservation of Burgess Shale-type fossils.

The type locality is Spence Gulch in southeastern Idaho, near the town of Liberty. It was first described by Charles Doolittle Walcott in 1908.

Stratigraphy

The Spence Shale spans the Albertella and Glossopleura biozones.

Fauna

Generic list of the fauna of the Spence Shale:

Arthropoda

Soft-bodied
Anomalocaris
Canadaspis
Caryosyntrips
Dioxycaris
Hurdia
Isoxys
Leanchoilia
Meristosoma
Mollisonia
Sidneyia
Tuzoia
Utahcaris
Waptia
Yohoia

Agnostida
Pentagnostus
Ptychagnostus

Trilobita
Alokistocare
Alokistocarella
Amecephalus
Athabaskia
Bathyuriscus
Bythicheilus
Chancia
Ehmaniella
Glossopleura
Kochina
Kootenia
Ogygopsis
Olenoides
Oryctocara
Oryctocephalites
Oryctocephalus
Pagetia
Piochaspis
Polypleuraspis
Ptychoparella
Solenopleura
Syspacephalus
Thoracocare
Utia
Zacanthoides

Brachiopoda
Acrothele
Dictyonina
Diraphora
Lingulella
Micromitra?
Wimanella

Mollusca
Latouchella
Scenella
Wiwaxia

Lophotrochozoa
Haplophrentis
Hyolithellus
Hyolithes

Echinodermata
Ctenocystis
Gogia
Lyracystis
Ponticulocarpus
Totiglobus

Hemichordata
Margaretia
Sphenoecium

Priapulida
Ottoia
Selkirkia
Wronascolex?

Lobopodia
Acinocricus
Hallucigenia

Porifera
Brooksella?
Protospongia
Vauxia

Problematica
Banffia
Eldonia
Siphusauctum

Algae
Marpolia

Cyanobacteria
Morania

Trace Fossils
Archaeonassa
Arenicolites
Aulichnites
Bergaueria
Chloephycus
Conichnus
Coprolite
Cruziana
Dimorphichnus
Diplichnites
Gordia
Gyrophyllites
Halopoa
Lockeia
Monomorphichnus
Nereites
Phycodes
Phycosiphon
Planolites
Protovirgularia
Rusophycus
Sagittichnus
Scolicia
Taenidium
Teichichnus
Tomaculum
Treptichnus
Trichophycus

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Idaho
 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Utah
 Paleontology in Idaho
 Paleontology in Utah

References

Shale formations of the United States
Cambrian Idaho
Cambrian geology of Utah
Cambrian System of North America
Cambrian southern paleotropical deposits


title: Elkhead Limestone

text:
The Elkhead Limestone is a geologic formation in Idaho. It preserves fossils dating back to the Cambrian period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Idaho
 Paleontology in Idaho

References

Cambrian Idaho


title: Lakeview Formation

text:
The Lakeview Formation is a geologic formation in Idaho. It preserves fossils dating back to the Cambrian period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Idaho
 Paleontology in Idaho

References

Cambrian Idaho
Cambrian southern paleotropical deposits


title: Langston Formation

text:
The Langston Formation is a geologic formation in Idaho and Utah. It preserves fossils dating back to the Cambrian period. The formation is composed of bluish-gray limestone, weathering to a buff color, often with rounded edges.

Blacksmith Fork is the type locality, and includes more fossils than the Idaho sections.

The Langston Formation includes the fossilerous Spence Shale.

Geology

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Idaho
 Paleontology in Idaho

References

Cambrian Idaho
Cambrian geology of Utah
Cambrian southern paleotropical deposits


title: Rennie Shale

text:
The Rennie Shale is a geologic formation in Idaho. It preserves fossils dating back to the Cambrian period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Idaho
 Paleontology in Idaho

References

Cambrian Idaho


title: St. Charles Formation

text:
The St. Charles Formation is a geologic formation in Idaho. It preserves fossils dating back to the Cambrian period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Idaho
 Paleontology in Idaho

References

Cambrian Idaho
Cambrian southern paleotropical deposits
Ordovician southern paleotropical deposits


title: Ute Formation

text:
The Ute Formation is a geologic formation in Idaho. It preserves fossils dating back to the Cambrian period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Idaho
 Paleontology in Idaho

References

Cambrian Idaho
Cambrian southern paleotropical deposits


title: Arco Hills Formation

text:
The Arco Hills Formation is a geologic formation in Idaho. It preserves fossils dating back to the Carboniferous period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Idaho
 Paleontology in Idaho

References

Carboniferous Idaho


title: Rize of the Fenix Tour

text:
The Rize of the Fenix Tour was a worldwide concert tour by American rock band Tenacious D. The tour was in support of the band's 2012 album Rize of the Fenix, with the tour visiting North America and Europe. The tour began on May 23, 2012 and ended on October 24, 2012, featuring 45 shows in total. The full show performed at Rock am Ring and highlights from the performance at Rock im Park were broadcast live on German TV. Highlights from the Download Festival performance were broadcast in the UK on the Sky Arts channel. These broadcasts have since been uploaded to the Internet unofficially by YouTube users. This was the band's second major concert tour, following The Pick of Destiny Tour, which toured from late 2006 to early 2007.

In late 2015, the band auctioned the signature 'Fenix' inflatable and backdrop amongst various props and costumes to raise funds for the November 2015 Paris attacks.

Average set list
 "Rize of the Fenix"
 "Low Hangin' Fruit
 "Señorita"
 "Deth Starr"
 "Roadie"
 "Throw Down"
 "Sax-a-Boom"
 "Kielbasa"
 "Kickapoo"
 "Dude (I Totally Miss You)"
 "Kyle Quit the Band"
 "Friendship"
 "The Metal"
 "Wonderboy"
 "Beelzeboss (The Final Showdown)"
 "Pinball Wizard" / "There's a Doctor" / "Go to the Mirror!" (The Who medley)
 "Tribute"
 "Double Team"
Encore
 "Baby"
 "Fuck Her Gently"

Internet Archive albums

There is one album which was released with the explicit permission of Tenacious D. This live show has been recorded and released through Internet Archive and is available for free digital download.

Tour dates

Personnel

Jack Black – lead vocals, rhythm acoustic guitar
Kyle Gass – lead acoustic guitar, backing vocals
John Konesky – electric guitar, backing vocals
John Spiker – bass guitar, backing vocals
Brooks Wackerman – drums

Incidents

During the Las Vegas performance on July 28, 2012, a brawl involving a dozen or so people broke out in the crowd by the stage. A few people were pulled out and the show continued. During the incident, there was a stabbing. Police were called to the scene as it was reported by a steward. By the time the police had arrived, Tenacious D had just finished "Friendship" which was the fourteenth song out of the planned twenty-three songs. The duo quickly played "Tribute" before the venue was cleared out. The man who was stabbed recovered.

References

2012 concert tours
Tenacious D concert tours


title: NK Ilirska Bistrica

text:
Nogometni klub Ilirska Bistrica (), commonly referred to as NK Ilirska Bistrica or simply Ilirska Bistrica, is a Slovenian football club from Ilirska Bistrica. The team competes in the Littoral League, the fourth tier of Slovenian football. The club was founded in 1926.

Honours
Littoral League (fourth tier)
 Winners: 1994–95, 2010–11

MNZ Koper Cup
 Winners: 2010–11

References

Association football clubs established in 1926
Municipality of Ilirska Bistrica
Football clubs in Slovenia
1926 establishments in Slovenia


title: Rodney Pople

text:
Rodney Pople (born 6 September 1952) is an Australian visual artist.

Pople was born in Launceston, Tasmania. His works have been the cause of some controversy. Pople studied photography in Tasmania, and sculpture at Slade School of Fine Art, London. He teaches at the National Art School in Sydney.

In 2008, Pople won the Sir John Sulman Prize with a work entitled Stage Fright. In 2010, works in an exhibition entitled "Bellini 21c" were the focus of protests. The works included images of Bellini's San Zaccaria Altarpiece overlaid with pornography.

Pople won the Glover Prize for landscape painting in March 2012 with a work that included the figure of Martin Bryant, the convicted perpetrator of the Port Arthur Massacre in the foreground of the landscape of Port Arthur. Later in that year, a work entitled "Degas's Night" which included Degas' sculpture Little Dancer of Fourteen Years on the background of red-light district in Darlinghurst, New South Wales was also the cause of controversy.

He was an Archibald Prize finalist in 2014 and 2015.

References

Living people
1952 births
Australian painters
Archibald Prize finalists
Artists from Tasmania


title: Little Flat Formation

text:
The Little Flat Formation is a geologic formation in Idaho. It preserves fossils dating back to the Carboniferous period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Idaho
 Paleontology in Idaho

References

Carboniferous Idaho
Carboniferous southern paleotropical deposits


title: McGowan Creek Formation

text:
The McGowan Creek Formation is a geologic formation in Idaho. It preserves fossils dating back to the Carboniferous period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Idaho
 Paleontology in Idaho

References

Carboniferous Idaho
Carboniferous southern paleotropical deposits


title: Middle Canyon Formation

text:
The Middle Canyon Formation is a geologic formation in Idaho. It preserves fossils dating back to the Carboniferous period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Idaho
 Paleontology in Idaho

References

Carboniferous Idaho
Carboniferous southern paleotropical deposits


title: Monroe Canyon Formation

text:
The Monroe Canyon Formation is a geologic formation in Idaho. It preserves fossils dating back to the Carboniferous period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Idaho
 Paleontology in Idaho

References

Carboniferous Idaho


title: Muldoon Canyon Formation

text:
The Muldoon Canyon Formation is a geologic formation in Idaho. It preserves fossils dating back to the Carboniferous period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Idaho
 Paleontology in Idaho

References

Carboniferous Idaho
Carboniferous southern paleotropical deposits


title: Surrett Canyon Formation

text:
The Surrett Canyon Formation is a geologic formation in Idaho. It preserves fossils dating back to the Carboniferous period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Idaho
 Paleontology in Idaho

References

Carboniferous Idaho


title: James Neal House

text:
The James Neal House is a historic house at 74 Deer Street in Portsmouth, New Hampshire.  Built about 1830, it is distinctive as the only brick house to be built in the Deer Street area, and one of the last Federal style houses to be built in the city. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972.

Description and history
The James Neal House stands in "The Hill", a cluster of closely-spaced historic houses bounded on the north by Deer Street and the east by High Street at the northern edge of downtown Portsmouth. This grouping was created by a road widening project from houses originally located on or near Deer Street.  This house is a three-story brick structure, oriented facing west on the south side of Deer Street.  The side facing the street is two bays wide, while the main facade is five bays wide, with a center entrance topped by a Federal style fanlight.  The interior is finished in largely original transitional Federal-Greek Revival styling.  It has a modestly Federal central stairway, and original fireplace surrounds.

The house was built about 1830–32 by James Neal, a local merchant.  It is one of the last known examples of the Federal style built in the city.  It is also unusual for its sophistication in what was then a residential area away from most of the city's merchant houses.

See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Rockingham County, New Hampshire

References

Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in New Hampshire
Federal architecture in New Hampshire
Houses completed in 1832
Houses in Portsmouth, New Hampshire
National Register of Historic Places in Portsmouth, New Hampshire


title: Sage Junction Formation

text:
The Sage Junction Formation is a geologic formation in Idaho. It preserves fossils dating back to the Cretaceous period.

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Idaho
 Paleontology in Idaho

References

Cretaceous Idaho


title: Károly Nemes-Nótás

text:
Károly Nemes-Nótás (28 October 1911 – 4 August 1982) was a Hungarian cyclist. He competed in the individual and team road race events at the 1936 Summer Olympics.

References

External links

1911 births
1982 deaths
Hungarian male cyclists
Olympic cyclists for Hungary
Cyclists at the 1936 Summer Olympics
Cyclists from Budapest


title: Physics outreach

text:
Physics outreach encompasses facets of science outreach and physics education, and a variety of activities by schools, research institutes, universities, clubs and institutions such as science museums aimed at broadening the audience for and awareness and understanding of physics. While the general public may sometimes be the focus of such activities, physics outreach often centers on developing and providing resources and making presentations to students, educators in other disciplines, and in some cases researchers within different areas of physics.

History
Ongoing efforts to expand the understanding of physics to a wider audience have been undertaken by individuals and institutions since the early 19th century. Historic works, such as the Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems, and Two New Sciences by Galileo Galilei, sought to present revolutionary knowledge in astronomy, frames of reference, and kinematics in a manner that a general audience could understand with great effect.

In the mid 1800s, English physicist and chemist, Michael Faraday gave a series of nineteen lectures aimed towards young adults with the hopes of conveying scientific phenomena. His intentions were to raise awareness, inspire them and generate revenue of the Royal Institution. This series became known as the Christmas lectures, and still continues today. By the early 20th century, the public notoriety of physicists such as Albert Einstein and Marie Curie, and inventions such as radio led to a growing interest in physics. In 1921, in the United States, the establishment of Sigma Pi Sigma physics honor society at universities was instrumental in the expanding number of physics presentations, and led to the creation of physics clubs open to all students.

Museums were an important form of outreach but most early science museums were generally focused on natural history. Some specialized museums, such as the Cavendish Museum at University of Cambridge, housed many of the historically important pieces of apparatus that contributed to the major discoveries by Maxwell, Thomson, Rutherford, etc. However, such venues provided little opportunity for hands-on learning or demonstrations.

In August 1969, Frank Oppenheimer dedicated his new Exploratorium in San Francisco primarily to interactive science exhibits that demonstrated principles in physics. The Exploratorium published the details of their own exhibits in "Cookbooks" that served as an inspiration to many other museums around the world, and since then has diversified into many outreach programs. Oppenheimer had researched European science museums while on a Guggenheim Fellowship in 1965. He noted that three museums served as important influences on the Exploratorium: the Palais de la Découverte, which displayed models to teach scientific concepts and employed students as demonstrators, a practice that directly inspired the Exploratorium's much-lauded High School Explainer Program; the South Kensington Museum of Science and Art, which Oppenheimer and his wife visited frequently; and the Deutsches Museum in Munich, the world's largest science museum, which had a number of interactive displays that impressed the Oppenheimers.

In the ensuing years, physics outreach, and science outreach more generally, continued to expand and took on new popular forms, including highly successful television shows such as Cosmos: A Personal Voyage, first broadcast in 1980.

As a form of outreach within the physics education community for teachers and students, in 1997 the US National Science Foundation (NSF) and Department of Energy USDOE established QuarkNet, a professional teacher development program. In 2012, the University of Notre Dame received a $6.1M, five-year grant to support a nationwide expansion of the Quarknet program. Also in 1997, the European Particle Physics Outreach Group, led by Christopher Llewellyn Smith, FRS, and Director General of CERN, was formed to create a community of scientists, science educators, and communication specialists in science education and public outreach for particle physics.  This group became the International Particle Physics Outreach Group (IPPOG) in 2011 after the start up of the LHC.

Innovation
Many contemporary initiatives in physics outreach have begun to shift focus, transcending traditional field boundaries, seeking to engage students and the public by integrating elements of aesthetic design and popular culture. The goal has been not only to push physics out of a strictly science education framework but also to draw in professionals and students from other fields to bring their perspectives on physical phenomena. Such work includes artists creating sculptures using ferrofluids, and art photography using high speed and ultra high speed photography.

Other efforts, such as University of Cambridge's Physics at Work program have created annual events to demonstrate to secondary students uses of physics in everyday life and a Senior Physics Challenge. Seeing the importance these initiatives, Cambridge has established a full-time physics outreach organization, an Educational Outreach Office, and aspirations for a Center of Physics and expanded industrial partnerships that "would include a well equipped core team of outreach officers dedicated to demonstrating the real life applications of physics, showing that physics is an accessible and relevant subject".

The French research group, La Physique Autrement (Physics Reimagined), of the Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, works on research about new ways to present modern solid-state physics and to engage the general public. In 2013, Physics Today covered this group in an article entitled "Quantum Physics For Everyone" which discussed how with the help of designers and unconventional demonstrations, the project sought out and succeeded to engage people who never thought of themselves as interested in science.

The Science & Entertainment Exchange was developed by the United States National Academy of Sciences (NAS) to increase public awareness, knowledge, and understanding of science and advanced science technology through its representation in television, film, and other media. It was officially launched in 2008 as a partnership between the NAS and Hollywood. The Exchanged is Based in Los Angeles, California.

Museums and public venues primarily focused on physical phenomena

Canada
Montreal Science Centre (Montreal, Quebec) displays many hands-on activities involving various physics phenomena.

Finland
Heureka (Helsinki) is an NPO science center run by the Finnish Science Centre Foundation with a broad spectrum of physics-related exhibits.

France
Cité des Sciences et de l'Industrie (Paris) is the largest French science museum, and contains permanent exhibits and hands-on experiments.
Palais de la Découverte (Paris) contains permanent exhibits and interactive experiments with commentaries by lecturers. It includes a Zeiss planetarium with 15-metre dome. It was created in 1937 by the French Nobel Prize physicist Jean Baptiste Perrin.
Musée des Arts et Métiers (Paris) focuses on the preservation of scientific instruments and inventions.
Other science museums that are part of the Cultural Center of Science, Technology and Industry (CCSTI) exist all across France : Espace des Sciences (Rennes), La Casemate (Grenoble), the Cité de l'espace (Toulouse).

Germany
Deutsches Museum (Munich) is the world's largest science museum. One of the most popular events is the high voltage demonstration of a Faraday cage as part of their series on electric power.

Islamic Republic of Iran
Iran Science and Technology Museum (Tehran) is the largest science museum in Iran.  This museum, by holding varied scientific and educational programs, provides the required situation for creation and propagation of scientific thought in the society.  One of these programs is the "Physics Show".

Netherlands
NEMO (Amsterdam) is the largest science center in the Netherlands, with hands-on science exhibitions.

United States
Exploratorium (San Francisco) is one of the foremost interactive science and art museums in the United States dedicated to exploring how the world works and consists of interactive exhibits, experiences and curious exploration. The Exploratorium was opened in 1969, and now attracts over a million visitors annually.
The American Museum of Natural History in New York City is both a museum and a research facility with a department in astrophysics. As a natural history museum, it focuses on educating the public about human cultures, the natural world, and the universe, and has many interactive programs and lectures all year round.
The Franklin Institute in Philadelphia is one of the oldest centers for science education and research in the United States.

Scientific institutions and societies with physics outreach programs

Canada
Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics was founded in 1999 in Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, the institute is a center for scientific research, training and educational outreach in theoretical physics.
Located in Vancouver, British Columbia, TRIUMF is Canada's national laboratory for particle and nuclear physics and accelerator-based science. In addition to its science mission, the laboratory is committed to physics outreach, offering public tours of its facilities, public talks, an artist in residence program, student fellowships, and other opportunities.
 The Canadian Association of Physicists (CAP), or in French Association canadienne des physiciens et physiciennes (ACP) is a Canadian professional society that focuses on creating awareness amongst Canadians and Canadian legislators of physics issues, sponsoring physics related events, [physics outreach], and publishes Physics in Canada.

France
French Physics Society has a specific section devoted to outreach and popularization of science.
The European Physical Society (EPS) is based in France, but works to promote physics and physicists in Europe.

Germany
Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft (DPG, German Physical Society) is the world's largest organization of physicists. The DPG actively participates in communication between physics and the general public with several popular scientific publications and events such as the "Highlights of Physics" which is an annual physics festival organized jointly by the DPG and the Federal Ministry of Education and Research. This festival is the largest of its kind in Germany and attracts about 30,000 visitors every year.

United Kingdom
Institute of Physics is an international charitable institution that aims to advance physics education, research and application.

United States

American Association for the Advancement of Science
American Association of Physics Teachers
American Institute of Physics (AIP) has an outreach program focused on advocating science policy to the US Congress and the general public.
American Physical Society (APS) has a program dedicated to "Communicating the excitement and importance of physics to everyone."
Leonardo, the International Society for the Arts, Sciences and Technology (Leonardo/ISAST) is a nonprofit organization that serves the global network of distinguished scholars, artists, scientists, researchers and thinkers.  The institution focuses on interdisciplinary work, creative output and innovation. Its journal Leonardo is published by MIT Press.

Media and Internet

Media
The Big Bang Theory is an American sitcom created in 2007 and revolves around the lives of scientists at the California Institute of Technology. This show has been widely recognized for popularizing science and noted by the New York Times as "helping physics and fiction collide". In 2014, the program was the most popular sitcom and most popular non-sports program on American TV with an average of 20 million viewers. However, the show has been criticized for sometimes portraying the scientific community inaccurately.
C'est pas sorcier is a French educational television program that originally aired from November 5, 1994 to present. 20 shows dealt with astronomy and space topics and 13 about physics.
Particle Fever is a 2013 documentary film that provides an intimate and accessible view of the first experiments at the Large Hadron Collider from the perspectives of the experimental physicists at CERN who run the experiments, as well as the theoretical physicists who attempt to provide a conceptual framework for the LHC's results. Reviewers praised the film for making theoretical arguments seem comprehensible, for making scientific experiments seem thrilling, and for making particle physicists seem human.
Through the Wormhole is an American science documentary television series narrated and hosted by American actor Morgan Freeman and has featured physicists such as such as Michio Kaku and Brian Cox (physicist).

Internet
 MinutePhysics is a series of educational videos created by Henry Reich and disseminated through its YouTube channel. It displays a series of pedagogical short videos about various physics phenomena and theories.
 Physics World publication, run by the Institute of Physics, started explaining scientific concepts through its YouTube channel.
 Palais de la Découverte in Paris hosts online videos that display various interviews about science, including physics.
 Unisciel, a French online university, hosts educational videos through its YouTube channel.
 Veritasium is a series of educational videos created by Derek Muller and disseminated through its YouTube channel. It displays a series of pedagogical short videos about science, including physics.
 Saint Mary's Physics Demonstrations is an online repository for physics classroom demonstrations.  It shows teachers the experiments they can do in class while also hosting videos of said experiments.
Periodic Videos is a portal of educational videos explaining the characteristics of each element and supporting topics such as nuclear reactions.  The project is sponsored by the University of Nottingham and hosted by Prof. Sir Martyn Poliakoff.

Prominent individuals

Austria
Fritjof Capra is an Austrian-born American physicist, who attended the University of Vienna, where he earned his Ph.D. in theoretical physics in 1966. He is a founding director of the Center for Ecoliteracy in Berkeley, California, and is on the faculty of Schumacher College. Capra is the author of several books, including The Tao of Physics (1975) and has also done research in Paris and London.

France
Camille Flammarion was a French astronomer author of many popular science books.
Étienne Klein is a French physicist and philosopher of science involved in outreach efforts about particle and quantum physics.
Roland Lehoucq is a French astrophysicist known for his outreach efforts especially in relationship with fiction and science fiction.
Hubert Reeves is a French Canadian astrophysicist and popularizer of science.

United Kingdom
Brian Cox (physicist) is a British physicist and musician best known to the public as the presenter of a number of science programs for the BBC.
Wendy J. Sadler promotes science and engineering as part of popular culture through Science Made Simple, an educational spin-off company of Cardiff University that reaches students through live presentations. She also trains scientists and engineers to improve their communications skills to enable them to extend their research across a broader audience. Sadler was the IoP Young Professional Physicist of the Year in 2005.
Robert Matthews is a Fellow of the Royal Statistical Society, a Chartered Physicist, a Member of the Institute of Physics, and a Fellow of the Royal Astronomical Society. Matthews is a distinguished science journalist. He is currently anchorman for the science magazine BBC Focus, and a freelance columnist for the Financial Times. In the past, he has been science correspondent for the Sunday Telegraph.

United States
Richard Feynman was a Nobel-prize-winning theoretical physicist also known as a science popularizer through his books and lectures ranging from physics topics (quantum physics, nanophysics...) to autobiographical essays.
George Gamow was a theoretical physicist and cosmologist who also wrote popular books on science, some of which are still in print more than a half-century after their original publication
Brian Greene is a theoretical physicist involved in various outreach activities (books, TV shows). He co-founded the World Science Festival in 2008.
Clifford Victor Johnson is a theoretical physicist involved in various outreach activities (blog, TV shows...).
Michio Kaku is a theoretical physicist who is a futurist and communicator and popularizer of physics. He is most well known for his three New York Times Best Sellers on physics: Physics of the Impossible (2008), Physics of the Future (2011), and The Future of the Mind (2014).
Lawrence M. Krauss is an American  theoretical physicist and cosmologist who is Foundation Professor of the School of Earth and Space Exploration at Arizona State University and is known as an advocate of the public understanding of science, of public policy based on sound empirical data, of scientific skepticism and of science education and works to reduce the impact of superstition and religious dogma in pop culture.
Don Lincoln is a physicist at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory. While his research focuses on the Large Hadron Collider, he is known for his efforts to spread public awareness of physics and cosmology.  He is the face of the Fermilab YouTube channel, where he has made over 150 videos. He is also a frequent contributor to CNN, Forbes, and many other online journals.  He is also author of several books, including "Understanding the Universe", published by World Scientific, and "The Large Hadron Collider: The Extraordinary Story of the Higgs Boson and Other Things That Will Blow Your Mind," published by Johns Hopkins University Press.
Jennifer Ouellette is the former director of the Science & Entertainment Exchange, an initiative of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) designed to connect entertainment industry professionals with top scientists and engineers to help the creators of television shows, films, video games, and other productions incorporate science into their work. She is  currently a freelance writer contributing to a physics outreach dialogue with articles in a variety of publications such as Physics World, Discover magazine, New Scientist, Physics Today, and The Wall Street Journal.
Carl Sagan was an astrophysicist and science popularizer, one of his important contributions being the 1980 television series Cosmos: A Personal Voyage
Neil deGrasse Tyson is an astrophysicist and science communicator who participated to TV and radio shows and wrote various outreach books.
Jearl Walker is a physics professor at Cleveland State University. He wrote the Amateur Scientist column in Scientific American from 1978 to 1988 and authored the popular science book The Flying Circus of Physics.

Funding sources
American Physical Society awards grants up to $10,000 to help APS members develop new physics outreach activities.
Institute for Complex Adaptive Matter (ICAM) provides grants and fellowships for physics outreach.
Wellcome Trust, while mostly focused on biological sciences, the Wellcome Trust also touches on physics and encourages physics outreach. They aim to improve biology, chemistry, and physics A levels in the UK.
Institute of Physics (IoP) The IoP aims to provide positive and compelling experiences of physics for public audiences through engaging and entertaining activities and events. The public engagement grant scheme is designed to give financial support of up to £1500 to individuals and organisations running physics-based events and activities in the UK and Ireland.

Awards
 Kalinga Prize for the Popularization of Science is an award given by UNESCO for exceptional skill in presenting scientific ideas to lay people
 Klopsteg Memorial Award is presented by the American Association of Physics Teachers and given in memory of the physicist Paul E. Klopsteg
 Kelvin Prize is awarded by the Institute of Physics to acknowledge outstanding contributions to the public understanding of physics.
 The Michael Faraday Prize for communicating science to a UK audience is awarded by the Royal Society.
 Prix Jean Perrin for popularization in physics is attributed by the French Physics Society.

References

Physics education
History of physics


title: Pierre Daboval

text:
Pierre Daboval (; 3 July 1918 – 11 May 2015) was a French artist.

Daboval studied at the Académie de la Grande Chaumière, the Académie Julian and the Ecole des Beaux-Arts in Paris, 'plucking here and there from the teachings, until I had enough to make a bouquet'.

Career
From 1949 to 1951 he lived and worked in Sweden, and then, on his return to France he lived successively in Auvers-sur-Oise and Saint-Rémy-de-Provence. The Musée Estrine in Saint-Rémy-de-Provence holds an important collection of his work.

He has exhibited in Switzerland, Belgium and France. In 1974 his works were shown at the Galérie Romanet, Paris, as part of an exhibition of erotic drawings ('Un peu d'erotisme'), alongside Hans Bellmer, Bernard Buffet, André Masson, Josep Puigmarti and Picasso.

In 1970 Daboval gave up painting to devote himself to drawing: 'I felt definitively that drawing, which I had always loved, was truly my vehicle: firstly the incisiveness of the pen, then the pencil, with its sensual inflections- these were to become my means of expression for these delicate things.... I feel there are infinite possibilities to exploit, despite the obvious restrictions of black and white. There are further subtleties to discover when entering this universe in which I feel at home and which I discover, little by little, to be under-exploited, perhaps because it still instils fear.'
Between 1975 and 1990 Pierre Daboval explored what he called the 'fantastico-érotique'. 'He is able to synthesise the male and the female like no other artist I know of (except Picasso, Masson and Bellmer) but with a totally different personality.'  From 1990 he mainly produced portraits, especially self-portraits.

From 1998 to his death in May 2015 he lived and worked in Mirepoix, Ariège.

References

21st-century French painters
21st-century French male artists
French male painters
1918 births
Painters from Paris
2015 deaths


title: Newington Railroad Depot

text:
The Newington Railroad Depot is a historic railroad station on Bloody Point Road in Newington, New Hampshire.  Built in 1873, it is an unusual railroad-related structure, serving as a passenger and freight depot, and as the residence of the stationmaster, who also performed the role of toll collector for the nearby bridge.  It is the only surviving 19th-century railroad-related structure in Newington.  Now vacant and owned by the state, the building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2010.

Description and history
The former Newington Railroad Depot is located near the tip of Bloody Point, a peninsular projection that separates New Hampshire's Great Bay from the Piscataqua River.  It is located on the west side of a former railroad alignment, and its  parcel includes foundational remains of a period bridge abutment.  It is a -story wood-frame structure, with a gabled roof and clapboarded exterior.  The east side faced the tracks, and has one entrance that historically led to the waiting room; there are two entrances on the west side.

The building was constructed in 1873 by the Dover and Portsmouth Railroad to provide passenger and freight services, and to provide housing for the stationmaster.  This type of depot, integrating all of the functions and providing housing, was generally rare, and this surviving example is particularly well preserved. The bridge across the mouth of Great Bay was completed in 1874, carrying a single railroad track as well as space for carriages and pedestrians.  The stationmaster, in addition to managing the station, collected tolls for pedestrians and carriages crossing the bridge, and operated the swing section of the bridge to permit boat traffic to pass.  It remained in service until the completion of the General Sullivan Bridge in 1934.  The rail line was subsequently abandoned, and the nearby tracks were taken up in 1940.

See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Rockingham County, New Hampshire

References

Transportation buildings and structures in Rockingham County, New Hampshire
Railway stations in the United States opened in 1873
Railway stations on the National Register of Historic Places in New Hampshire
Railway freight houses on the National Register of Historic Places
National Register of Historic Places in Rockingham County, New Hampshire
Newington, New Hampshire
Railway buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places in New Hampshire
Former railway stations in New Hampshire


title: In Lambeth

text:
In Lambeth may refer to:
 In Lambeth (album), a 2014 album composed by John Zorn and performed by Bill Frisell, Carol Emanuel and Kenny Wollesen
 In Lambeth (play), a 1989 play by Jack Shepherd


title: István Adorján

text:
István Adorján (12 November 1913 – 7 June 1987) was a Hungarian cyclist. He competed in the individual and team road race events at the 1936 Summer Olympics.

References

External links

1913 births
1987 deaths
Hungarian male cyclists
Olympic cyclists for Hungary
Cyclists at the 1936 Summer Olympics


title: Epichorista abdita

text:
Epichorista abdita is a species of moth in the family Tortricidae. It is found in New Zealand.

The wingspan is 11.5–13 mm. The forewings are bright ochreous reddish with obscure markings, consisting of five to six fuscous dots on the basal half of the costa and traces of leaden-white fasciae. The hindwings are dark fuscous.

References

Moths described in 1924
Epichorista
Moths of New Zealand


title: Eiseb

text:
Eiseb, also Eiseb Block, is a settlement in the Omaheke Region of Namibia. It is named after the Eiseb River, an ephemeral river (omuramba) in the Kalahari desert. Eiseb is situated on the District road D1635   northeast of Talismanus and belongs to the Otjombinde electoral constituency.

The settlement has been established in 1992 as a place where returning Ovambanderu and Ovaherero refugees from Botswana could settle. From 1994 onwards, Ovambanderu and Ovaherero from other reserved areas, such as Epukiro, Otjinene and Otjombinde moved in and make up the majority of the inhabitants , making a living from subsistence farming.

Eiseb-Epukiro River Basin
The area between Eiseb and Epukiro is one of eleven water basins in Namibia. It has a total surface area of  and borders Botswana in the east, reaches southwards until Gobabis, and covers parts of the Omaheke and Otjozondjupa Regions. The total annual water yield of the basin is , mainly ground water.

References

Populated places in the Omaheke Region
Populated places established in 1992
1992 establishments in Namibia
Landforms of Namibia
Drainage basins of Africa


title: Rob Thielen

text:
Robertus H. L. M. Thielen (born 1961) is a Dutch businessman and investor, working primarily in Europe. He is chairman and founder of Waterland Private Equity, co-founding partner of Russia-based private equity group, Elbrus Capital, and chairman of the Gryphion family office.

Education
Thielen graduated in tax law at the University of San Diego in California, US, and obtained a degree in tax law at the Rijksuniversiteit Leiden, the Netherlands. He also studied at Northwestern University in Chicago, US.

Career
He worked as a turn-around management consultant with the Investment Management & Consulting Group (IMCG) and with the International Corporate Finance Group of ABN AMRO Bank.

Thielen was a partner and shareholder of RWP Corporate Finance advisors, which was later acquired by Investec group. He was also general manager of his family owned fashion retail group.

He is chairman and founder of Waterland Private Equity Investments, an independent private equity group which focuses its investments on Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Germany, Ireland, the Netherlands, Poland, the United Kingdom and Switzerland. Waterland has been involved in about 500 transactions in 54 industries in 18 countries with an equity base of around €6 billion. The company owned Intertrust Group, until it sold that firm in 2012 for an estimated €400 million. Waterland has ranked in the top 3 of best performing private equity houses globally for 8 years in a row.

He is also co-founding partner of Elbrus Capital, a Russia-based private equity group. Its equity base is around $1,0 billion.

Thielen founded his own family office Gryphion in 2019 in order to manage his assets with a focus on private equity investing.

Thielen has served as a non-executive member of the board of RPS plc, an LSE quoted company active in environmental consultancy; and a non-executive board member of arxes NCC AG, an IT service provider quoted at the Frankfurt Stock Exchange. He currently is an advisor to the non-executive director of Hampstead Global Fund, a hedge fund formerly listed on the Irish Stock Exchange.

He contributes to Forbes.com covering international finance and investment trends.

Thielen donated £50,000 to the British Conservative Party in April 2016.

Sponsorships
VVD politician Hans van Baalen has mentioned Thielen as one of the sponsors of this 2014 campaign for the European Parliament.

Thielen also sponsors the Smart Parks Foundation and the Sea Shepherd Conservation Society.

Teaching positions

Thielen was also a member of the visiting faculty of the Rotterdam School of Management (Erasmus University), where he taught on mergers and acquisitions on the RSM MBA program.

Awards
In 2011, Thielen won the annual APEC ‘Private Equity Man of the Year’ Award, an award for Private Equity leaders established by the Amsterdam Private Equity Club.

In 2009, he was ranked 170 in the Quote 500 list of richest Dutch people; in 2018 he was placed at number 82 in the Netherlands Quote 500.

References

1961 births
Living people
University of San Diego alumni
Dutch businesspeople
Private equity and venture capital investors
Conservative Party (UK) donors


title: In Lambeth (play)

text:
In Lambeth is a 1989 play by Jack Shepherd, centred on a meeting between William Blake and Thomas Paine in 1791. Its title quotes from Blake's poem Jerusalem (plate 37, line 14 - "There is a Grain of Sand in Lambeth that Satan cannot find").

History
The play was first performed at the East Dulwich Tavern in London on 12 July 1989. and then at the Donmar Warehouse, directed by Shepherd himself and starring Bob Peck as Paine and Michael Maloney as Blake. Peck reprised the role (alongside Mark Rylance as Blake and Lesley Clare O'Neill as Katherine) in an adaptation of the play for television in the BBC Two Encounters series, which featured similar fictionalized meetings between historical figures. First broadcast on 4 July 1993, it was directed by Sebastian Graham-Jones

An anniversary tour of the play was produced by the group 'Love and Madness' from February to April 2010, this time starring Shepherd. The play is also being produced at the Southwark Playhouse between 10 July and 2 August 2014, directed by Michael Kingsbury and starring Blair Anderson, Melody Grove, Christopher Hunter and Tom Mothersdale.

References

1989 plays
Biographical plays about writers
Fiction set in 1791
Plays set in the 18th century
Plays set in the United Kingdom
History of the London Borough of Lambeth
William Blake
Cultural depictions of Thomas Paine


title: Crossmolina Deel Rovers

text:
Crossmolina Deel Rovers is a Gaelic Athletic Association club based in Crossmolina, County Mayo, Ireland. The club fields Gaelic football teams in competitions organized by the Mayo GAA county board.

History
Crossmolina Dr Crokes GAA was affiliated with the Mayo GAA county board in 1887. In 1906, the name was changed to Deel Rovers. The name of the ground is called St Tiernan's Park.

Tommy Jordan led the club to the 2000–01 All-Ireland Senior Club Football Championship. Michael Moore and Padraic Syron were selectors and Jarlath Cunningham trained the team.

Achievements
 All-Ireland Senior Club Football Championship Winners 2001  Runners-Up 2003
 Connacht Senior Club Football Championship Winners 1999, 2000, 2002
 Mayo Senior Football Championship Winners 1949, 1995, 1999, 2000, 2002, 2005, 2006   Runners-Up 1948, 1956, 1957, 1963, 1986, 1988, 1998, 2003
 Mayo Junior Football Championship Winners 1926, 1931, 1947, 1955, 1962, 1975, 2006
 Mayo Intermediate Football Championship Winners 1980
 Mayo Under-21 Football Championship Winners 1992, 1997

Notable players and representatives

 Peadár Gardiner

 Conor Loftus

 Mick Loftus

 Seán Lowry

 Ciarán McDonald

 John Maughan
 Michael Moyles

 James Nallen
 John Nallen

 Stephen Rochford

Colm Mitchell

References

External links
 Crossmolina Deel Rovers website

Gaelic games clubs in County Mayo
Gaelic football clubs in County Mayo


title: Oberfähnrich (East Germany)

text:
Oberfähnrich (short: OFähnr / in lists: OFR; en: Senior-fähnrich) was a military rank in the Army of the German Democratic Republic (GDR) from 1979 to 1990. Oberfähnrich did belong to the autonomous "Fähnrich rank group" between commissioned officer (CO) and non-commissioned officer (NCO) ranks. The position of the "Fähnrich rank group" might have been compared to the Warrant Officer (WO) rank group in Anglophone armed forces.

The official manner, in line to NPA Handboock, of formal addressing of military people with the rank Oberfähnrich was Genosse/Genossin Oberfähnrich (en: comrade Obrfähnrich).

The bottom up approach in that rank group was as follows:
Fähnrich  WO-1, (en: Fähnrich)
 Oberfähnrich WO-2, (Senior-fähnrich)
Stabsfähnrich WO-3, (Staff-fähnrich)
Stabsoberfähnrich WO-4, (Staff-senior-fähnrich)

⇒ see main article Ranks of the National People's Army

References

 Glossary of German military terms

Military of East Germany
Military ranks of Germany


title: Andy Juett

text:
Andy Juett (born October 24, 1977) is an American actor, stand-up comedian, writer, producer, host, and comedy event director in Denver, Colorado. He is a partner in Sexpot Comedy and was one of the co-founders of High Plains Comedy Festival.

Early life and education
Originally from Bloomfield Hills, Michigan, Juett graduated from Brother Rice High School, where he attended alongside fellow comedian and future collaborator Eugene Cordero. Juett briefly attended Boston College before graduating from Michigan State University with a degree in advertising.

Career

Radio
Juett spent more than 14 years in the radio industry, working as an Account Executive at Liggett Broadcasting in Lansing, Michigan and Citadel in Colorado Springs, moving into sales management positions at Max Radio, CBS Radio, Wilks Broadcasting, and Clear Channel Radio in Denver and ultimately serving as Sales Manager at Lincoln Financial Media's Comedy 103.1 from September 2013 through June 2014.

Producing
Juett is a prolific producer of comedy content including live comedy shows, web videos, and an Amazon.com sitcom pilot.

In addition to co-owning Sexpot Comedy, Juett has produced events in the past such as High Plains Comedy Festival (see below), The Grapes of Rad Comedy Show (a former monthly comedy show at Englewood’s Gothic Theatre produced in collaboration with Adam Cayton-Holland, Andrew Orvedahl, and Ben Roy of The Grawlix comedy trio) and The Grawlix's monthly show at the Bug Theatre. He joined with filmmaking team The Nix Brothers to produce comedian T.J. Miller’s music video “Denver” (a track off of Miller's "Extended Play E.P.”).

Juett also teamed up with The Grawlix and The Nix Brothers to produce an Amazon sitcom pilot in June 2012 called Those Who Can't, about three inept Denver high school teachers. It starred The Grawlix in the three main roles, along with Rory Scovel, Kyle Kinane, and Nikki Glaser.

Comedy Performances
Juett regularly performs stand-up in Denver showcases and events and was accepted into Crom Comedy Festival in Omaha and the Comedy Exposition of 2014 in Chicago.

In 2012, Juett, Orvedahl and Robert Rutherford formed Mouthstepperz, an a cappella dubstep team (Juett's “Clownmouth” was the “lead singer”). They performed at SXSW in 2013 and made an appearance at the 2013 High Plains Comedy Festival. Juett has also appeared in numerous videos featured on Funny or Die including multiple episodes of the Grawlix/Nix Bros. web series and fake commercials for Omaha's Crom Comedy Fest. He starred in a web series called Glenn Has Ideas which featured special guests including Adam Cayton-Holland, Rory Scovel, Sean Patton, Emily Heller, Dan Soder, Chris Fairbanks and Hannah Duggan.

Sexpot Comedy
Juett is a producing partner in Sexpot Comedy. Originally conceived as a private comedy showcase by Denver entrepreneur Kayvan S.T. Khalatbari, Sexpot served as a comedy collective, producing or sponsoring four podcasts and a dozen weekly or monthly live events. Among these was the main monthly Sexpot Comedy show, held at Denver's historic Oriental Theater, which Juett produced. Combining national headliners (including Rory Scovel, Sean Patton, Nikki Glaser and Andy Kindler) with local talent (Comedy Works New Faces winner Jordan Doll as host), the show regularly included free pizza coupons from Khalatbari's Sexy Pizza, and was “semi-pot-friendly” due to its tie with Khalatbari's former marijuana dispensary, Denver Relief. The combination of these businesses is where Sexpot's name originated.

Juett also oversaw SexpotComedy.com, which launched in 2014, publishing original content in the form of comedy podcasts, videos, and literature, similar to Nerdist Industries or Earwolf. At the time, it featured a comprehensive calendar of Denver's ever-expanding lineup of comedy events.

In 2018, Sexpot hosted the Denver premiere of the film Super Troopers 2, which featured special appearances by cast members Kevin Heffernan, Steve Lemme, and Paul Soter. The event was a tribute to the film's connection to Sexpot Comedy, as Juett and Khalatbari "kept the production afloat during a troublesome shoot."

High Plains Comedy Festival
In 2013, Juett partnered with Denver comedian/writer Adam Cayton-Holland to launch the High Plains Comedy Festival. Juett parted ways with the festival in 2015, after its third year.

Personal life
Juett has two children: a daughter and a son and currently resides in Parker, Colorado.

References

External links
 High Plains Comedy Festival Website. Retrieved July 10, 2014.
 Funny or Die: Andy Juett. Retrieved July 10, 2014.
 Sexpot Comedy Websiite. Retrieved August 21, 2020.

Living people
American humorists
People from Bloomfield Hills, Michigan
1977 births
Boston College alumni
Michigan State University alumni
Place of birth missing (living people)
Brother Rice High School (Michigan) alumni


title: Stabsfähnrich (East Germany)

text:
Stabsfähnrich (short: StFähnr / in lists: SFR; en: Staff-fähnrich) was a military rank in the Army of the German Democratic Republic (GDR) from 1979 to 1990.

Stabsfähnrich did belong to the autonomous "Fähnrich rank group" between commissioned officer (CO) and non-commissioned officer (NCO) ranks. The position of the "Fähnrich rank group" might have been compared to the Warrant Officer (WO) rank group in Anglophone armed forces.

The bottom up approach in that rank group was as follows:
Fähnrich WO-1, (en: Fähnrich)
Oberfähnrich (WO-2), (Senior-fähnrich)
 Stabsfähnrich WO-3, (Staff-fähnrich)
Stabsoberfähnrich WO-4, (Staff-senior-fähnrich)

References

Glossary of German military terms

Military of East Germany
Military ranks of Germany


title: Stabsoberfähnrich (East Germany)

text:
Stabsoberfähnrich (short: StOFähnr / in lists: SOFR; en: Staff-senior-fähnrich) was a military rank in the Army of the German Democratic Republic (GDR) from 1979 to 1990. Stabsfähnrich did belong to the autonomous Fähnrich rank group between commissioned officer (CO) and non-commissioned officer (NCO) ranks. The position of the "Fähnrich rank group" might have been compared to the Warrant Officer (WO) rank group in Anglophone armed forces.

The official manner, in line to NPA Handboock, of formal addressing of military people with the rank Stabsoberfähnrich was Genosse/Genossin Stabsoberfähnrich (en: comrade Stabsoberfähnrich).

The bottom up approach in that rank group was as follows:
Fähnrich WO-1, (en: Fähnrich)
Oberfähnrich (WO-2), (Senior-fähnrich)
Stabsfähnrich WO-3, (Staff-fähnrich)
 Stabsoberfähnrich WO-4, (Staff-senior-fähnrich)

⇒ see main article Ranks of the National People's Army

References

 Glossary of German military terms

Military of East Germany
Military ranks of Germany


title: Cnemaspis molligodai

text:
Cnemaspis molligodai, commonly known as Molligoda's day gecko, is a species of diurnal lizard in the family Gekkonidae. The species is endemic to the island of Sri Lanka.

Etymology
The specific name, molligodai, is in honor of Sri Lankan Hayasinth Molligoda for his service and commitment to the conservation of the amphibians and reptiles of Sri Lanka.

Description
Adult males of C. molligodai measure  in snout–vent length (SVL).

Reproduction
C. molligodai is oviparous.

References

Further reading
Mendis Wickramasinghe LJ, Munindrdasa DAI (2007). "Review of the genus Cnemaspis Strauch, 1887 (Sauria: Gekkonidae) in Sri Lanka with the description of five new species". Zootaxa 1490: 1-63. (Cnemaspis molligodai, new species, p. 9).

Cnemaspis
Reptiles described in 2007
Reptiles of Sri Lanka
Endemic fauna of Sri Lanka


title: Small Business Saturday (UK)

text:
Small Business Saturday is a UK campaign to support small business, taking place on the first Saturday in December each year. The campaign encourages businesses to promote themselves and work with other small businesses, and consumers to ‘shop local’ and support small, independent businesses in their communities. The first Small Business Saturday took place on 7 December 2013 with subsequent celebrations taking place on 6 December 2014, 5 December 2015, 3 December 2016 and 2 December 2017. In 2018, the event was held on 1 December.

In 2016, research after the day suggested that consumers spent £717m with small businesses on Small Business Saturday, an increase of 15% on 2015 spending.

Small Business Saturday 2017 was the most successful campaign yet with an estimated £748 million spent on the day.

Each year in the UK, small independent businesses are encouraged to apply for the #SmallBiz100, 100 businesses that are profiled nationally one a day in the run-up to Small Business Saturday.

The Small Business Saturday UK initiative has been supported by business organisations including the Federation of Small Businesses, Association of City and Town Management, Association of Convenience Stores and Northern Ireland Independent Retail Trade Association. It has received support from all political parties and a number of large corporations.

American Express founded the successful Small Business Saturday initiative in the U.S. in 2010 and it remains the principal supporter of the campaign in the UK, as part of its on-going commitment to encourage consumers to shop small.

References

External links
Website for Small Business Saturday UK

Saturday observances
Retailing in the UK
Small business
Unofficial observances
December observances


title: Emil Schöpflin

text:
Emil Schöpflin (born 26 July 1910, date of death unknown) was a German cyclist. He competed in the individual and team road race events at the 1936 Summer Olympics.

References

External links

1910 births
Year of death missing
German male cyclists
Olympic cyclists for Germany
Cyclists at the 1936 Summer Olympics
Cyclists from Berlin
20th-century German people


title: Cnemaspis pava

text:
Cnemaspis pava is a species of diurnal gecko endemic to island of Sri Lanka.

References

 http://reptile-database.reptarium.cz/species?genus=Cnemaspis&species=pava
 https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/Cnemaspis_pava
 https://web.archive.org/web/20141004183323/http://www.srilankanreptiles.com/TetrapodReptiles/Gekkonidae.html

Reptiles of Sri Lanka
Reptiles described in 2007
pava


title: Epichorista aethocoma

text:
Epichorista aethocoma is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Angola.

References

Endemic fauna of Angola
Moths described in 1923
Epichorista


title: Fähnrichschüler

text:
Fähnrichschüler (, abbreviated FRS) were German Democratic Republic soldiers who were in training for a career as Fähnrich in the . The two-year training was offered in the National People's Army, the Border Troops and in parts of the Ministry for State Security.

Training
The Fähnrich corps was supposed to provide highly specialized "long service members" below the officer level and close a skills gap in the technical careers. While NCOs had the Meisterabschluss , the officers completed their training at the  with a Diploma in engineering, military science, or social sciences. For Fähnrichs of the NVA a specialized technical education was aimed for.

First advanced senior NCOs, usually in the rank of Stabsfeldwebel, were promoted to the rank of Fähnrich, even without them having a specialist technical college qualification. This allowed them to retain specialists who would otherwise have retired after their ten years of service.

Later, only Fähnrichschüler could be appointed Fähnrich if they had successfully completed a two-year training course at a military technical school or an officers' colleges. This training was carried out partly within the branch of the armed forces the person was serving in, for example, for the NVA Air Forces this was carried out at the . During this training, the soldiers wore Fähnrichschüler ranks that corresponded to their service branch.

Development after 1989/90
After German reunification in October 1990, the remaining Fähnrichschüler and Offiziersschüler students, were taken into the Bundeswehr and kept until they could complete their diplomas. The ranks were removed in 1992 and 1993 respectively.

Rank insignia

See also
 Ranks of the National People's Army
 Glossary of German military terms

References

Military of East Germany
Military ranks of Germany


title: Newington Center Historic District

text:
The Newington Center Historic District encompasses the historic civic heart of Newington, New Hampshire. It consists of a section of Nimble Hill Road between its junction with Little Bay Road, and a gate at the southern end marking the start of territory formerly associated with Pease Air Force Base (now Portsmouth International Airport at Pease). This area includes the town common, laid out in 1640, a cluster of civic buildings, and several private residences, as well as remnants of the state's oldest town forest. The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1987; in 1991 an additional  of former town forest, now part of the airfield, were added to the district.

Description and history

The town of Newington was originally settled in the 17th century as part of Dover. It was set off as a separate parish in 1712, and incorporated as a separate town in 1713. Its historic town center's origins date to 1640, when common land was set aside by the town. Some of this became the town center area, and a larger part (eventually reaching more than  in size) was at some point designated as the town forest.

The town center is clustered along a section of Nimble Hill Road, a historic north-south route between Dover and Portsmouth, and is also passed just to the north by a historic alignment of the Old Boston Post Road, connecting Boston, Massachusetts, to points in what is now Maine. The north-south road was truncated at its southern end by the construction of Pease Air Force Base in the 1950s, which also greatly reduced the town forest's size. One of the center's focal points is the Congregational Church, a structure built in 1712 and extensively altered in 1835, giving it its present Greek Revival appearance. Newington's Old Parsonage (1710) and Newington Meeting House (1717) are some of the oldest buildings in New Hampshire.

See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Rockingham County, New Hampshire

References

Federal architecture in New Hampshire
Newington, New Hampshire
Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in New Hampshire
National Register of Historic Places in Rockingham County, New Hampshire


title: Taylor, Louisiana

text:
Taylor is an unincorporated community in Bienville Parish, Louisiana, United States. Its ZIP code is 71080.

Notes

Unincorporated communities in Bienville Parish, Louisiana
Unincorporated communities in Louisiana


title: Bandra Kurla Complex Ground

text:
Bandra Kurla Complex Ground is a cricket ground in Bandra, Maharashtra. The ground normally hosts charity matches and some local matches. It also is home to the Mumbai Cricket Association.

Overview
In 2007, Mumbai Cricket Association installed a state-of-the-art recreation centre at the ground which forms part of their world class Indoor Cricket Academy. The Club House has top class sporting facilities ranging from an air conditioned badminton hall with two courts - billiards and snookers hall, equipped with two imported billiards tables. Three pitches are for spin, three others for seam bowling while the seventh is a normal wicket.

In 2009, India under-19s for 2010 World Cup in New Zealand also did practice with Mike Young, Australian fielding coach.

The ground has also hosted women's ODI and T20I including two match of World Cup 2013. The Bandra Kurla Complex Ground has also hosted some matches which were part of the 2017 Blind T20 World Cup.

References

Sports venues in Mumbai
Cricket in Mumbai
Cricket grounds in Maharashtra
Sports venues completed in 2006
2006  establishments in Maharashtra


title: Cnemaspis phillipsi

text:
Cnemaspis phillipsi is a species of diurnal gecko endemic to island of Sri Lanka.

References

 http://reptile-database.reptarium.cz/species?genus=Cnemaspis&species=phillipsi

Reptiles of Sri Lanka
Reptiles described in 2007
phillipsi


title: Fritz Ruland

text:
Fritz Ruland (11 January 1914 – 7 January 1999) was a German cyclist. He competed in the individual and team road race events at the 1936 Summer Olympics.

References

External links

1914 births
1999 deaths
German male cyclists
Olympic cyclists for Germany
Cyclists at the 1936 Summer Olympics
Cyclists from Cologne


title: Cnemaspis pulchra

text:
Cnemaspis pulchra is a species of diurnal gecko endemic to island of Sri Lanka.

References

 http://reptile-database.reptarium.cz/species?genus=Cnemaspis&species=pulchra

Reptiles of Sri Lanka
Reptiles described in 2007
pulchra


title: Cnemaspis punctata

text:
Cnemaspis punctata is a species of diurnal gecko endemic to island of Sri Lanka.

References

 http://reptile-database.reptarium.cz/species?genus=Cnemaspis&species=punctata
 http://slendemics.net/easl/reps/Geckos.html
 https://web.archive.org/web/20141004183323/http://www.srilankanreptiles.com/TetrapodReptiles/Gekkonidae.html

Reptiles of Sri Lanka
Reptiles described in 2007
punctata


title: Willi Meurer

text:
Willi Meurer (10 September 1915 – 28 September 1981) was a German cyclist. He competed in the individual and team road race events at the 1936 Summer Olympics.

References

External links

1915 births
1981 deaths
German male cyclists
Olympic cyclists for Germany
Cyclists at the 1936 Summer Olympics
Cyclists from Cologne


title: Benzenesulfonyl chloride

text:
Benzenesulfonyl chloride is an organosulfur compound with the formula C6H5SO2Cl. It is a colourless viscous oil that dissolves in organic solvents, but reacts with compounds containing reactive N-H and O-H bonds. It is mainly used to prepare sulfonamides and sulfonate esters by reactions with amines and alcohols, respectively.  The closely related compound toluenesulfonyl chloride is often preferred analogue because it is a solid at room temperature and easier to handle.

The compound is prepared by the chlorination of benzenesulfonic acid or its salts with phosphorus oxychloride or, less commonly, by a reaction between benzene and chlorosulfuric acid.

The Hinsberg test for amines involves their reaction with benzenesulfonyl chloride.

References

Reagents for organic chemistry
Sulfonyl halides
Phenyl compounds


title: Perkinsville, Indiana

text:
Perkinsville is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Madison County, Indiana, in the United States.

History
Perkinsville was laid out in 1837, and named for William Parkins (different spelling), an early settler. Perkinsville contained a post office from 1844 until 1912.

Geography
Perkinsville is located in western Madison County, along the Hamilton County line. Indiana State Road 13, following the county line, forms the western edge of the community. SR 13 leads south  to Fishersburg and north  to Elwood. Anderson, the county seat, is  to the southeast, and Noblesville is  to the southwest.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the Perkinsville CDP has an area of , all land. The White River forms the southern boundary of the community.

References

Census-designated places in Madison County, Indiana
Census-designated places in Indiana
Unincorporated communities in Madison County, Indiana
Unincorporated communities in Indiana
Indianapolis metropolitan area


title: Epichorista allogama

text:
Epichorista allogama is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in New Zealand.

The wingspan is 14–15 mm for males and 16–17 mm for females. The forewings are dark fuscous, suffused with deep purple. There is a patch of ochreous-whitish irroration (speckling). The hindwings are dark fuscous.

References

Moths described in 1914
Epichorista
Moths of New Zealand


title: Cnemaspis retigalensis

text:
Cnemaspis retigalensis,  also known as the Retigala day gecko, is a species of diurnal gecko endemic to island of Sri Lanka.

References

 http://reptile-database.reptarium.cz/species?genus=Cnemaspis&species=retigalensis
 http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Cnemaspis_retigalensis/classification/

retigalensis
Reptiles of Sri Lanka
Reptiles described in 2007


title: Trichomycterus aguarague

text:
Trichomycterus aguarague is a species of pencil catfish endemic to Bolivia, where it occurs in the Paraná river system in Aguaragüe National Park. This species reaches a maximum length of  SL.

References

External links

aguarague
Fish described in 2006
Catfish of South America
Fish of Bolivia
Endemic fauna of Bolivia


title: Buffalo River (Victoria)

text:
The Buffalo River, a perennial river of the North-East Murray catchment of the Murray-Darling basin, is located in the Alpine region of Victoria, Australia. It flows from the eastern slopes of the Buffalo Range in the Australian Alps, joining with the Ovens River west of .

Location and features
Formed by the east and west branches of the river, the headwaters of the Buffalo River rise in the Barry Mountains below Mount Selwyn and The Razor at an elevation exceeding  above sea level. The east and west branches of the river reach their confluence within the Mount Buffalo National Park, where the watercourse becomes the Buffalo River. The river flows generally north, much of its course through the remote national park, joined by nine tributaries including the Catherine River and the Dandongadale River, before reaching its confluence with the Ovens River west of the town of Myrtleford and adjacent to the Great Alpine Road. The river descends  over its  course.

The river is impounded by the Buffalo Dam that creates the  reservoir, called Lake Buffalo, that was completed in 1965 and supplies potable water to Myrtleford and irrigation of the Goulburn Valley.

See also

References

North-East catchment
Rivers of Hume (region)


title: Cnemaspis samanalensis

text:
Cnemaspis samanalensis, also known as the Samanala day gecko, is a species of diurnal gecko endemic to island of Sri Lanka.

References

 http://reptile-database.reptarium.cz/species?genus=Cnemaspis&species=samanalensis

samanalensis
Reptiles of Sri Lanka
Reptiles described in 2007


title: Epichorista crypsidora

text:
Epichorista crypsidora is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in New Zealand.

The wingspan is about 13 mm. The forewings are ochreous brown, anteriorly mixed with whitish-grey ochreous towards the costa. The markings are dark purplish leaden, edged with scattered whitish-grey ochreous scales. The hindwings are dark fuscous, becoming blackish posteriorly.

References

Moths described in 1909
Epichorista
Moths of New Zealand


title: E. Philip Howrey

text:
Eugene Philip Howrey (December 1, 1937 – June 17, 2011) was an American economist. He taught at the University of Michigan until 2005.

Born in Geneva, Illinois, Howrey was raised in Iowa, where he attended Fairfield High School and later Drake University. He earned his Ph.D. from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

Howrey died in a bicycle accident near Boulder, Colorado, in 2011.

Selected publications

References

1937 births
2011 deaths
Economists from Illinois
Drake University alumni
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill alumni
University of Michigan faculty
People from Geneva, Illinois


title: List of secretaries of the Communist Refoundation Party

text:
The general secretary of the Communist Refoundation Party is the chairman of the Communist Refoundation Party, a far-left political party in Italy.

List

Timeline

Communist Refoundation Party


title: Kachi Ikusa

text:
, also known by its English language title "Win Every Fight", is a song by Japanese rock band Tokyo Jihen, led by musician Ringo Sheena. It was one of the promotional songs for the band's fourth album Sports, released on February 24, 2010, and was used in commercials for Ezaki Glico's Watering Kissmint gum.

Background and development

In 2009, Tokyo Jihen released the single "Nōdōteki Sanpunkan", which was their first song to feature in commercials for Ezaki Glico's
Watering Kissmint brand of gum. The single was commercially successful, peaking at number one on Oricon's singles chart, and being certified gold twice for digital downloads.

The Sports album was first announced on December 15, 2009.

Writing and production

The song is one of two entirely written and composed by Sheena from Sports. It features lyrics written by Sheena, translated into English by Robbie Clark. Sheena felt that she needed to create some "spirited sporty songs" to match the compositions Ichiyo Izawa and Ukigumo had already written for the album. The song was recorded by the band without much special preparation, just naturally performing.

Promotion and release

The song served as the second song used in Ezaki Glico's Watering Kissmint advertisement campaign featuring Ringo Sheena as a spokesperson. The commercials began airing on January 16, 2010, and the song was released digitally to cellphones on the same day. The commercials were directed by Yuichi Kodama, who had worked as a music video director with the band since "OSCA" in 2007.

The song was first performed on December 30, 2009, at the band's Countdown Japan festival appearance. The song featured as a part of the set-list for their Ultra C (2010) and Bon Voyage (2012) tours, and also was performed at the EMI Rocks festival in 2010. The band also appeared on Music Station on February 19, 2010 to perform the song.

On February 8, 2010, a music video directed by Kodama was released for the song. It features the band posing in the centre of a stage, while rotating cameras move around them. The final scenes feature the band performing the song with their instruments on the circular stage.

Critical reception

CDJournal believed the song had the ability to invigorate and excite people, and felt the band was using a "Beatles manner". Listenmusic reviewer Yoshiki Aoyuki noted the song's "geometric and advanced ensemble", likening it to the works of Steely Dan.

Personnel

Personnel details were sourced from Sports' liner notes booklet.

Toshiki Hata – drums
Uni Inoue – recording, mixing, manipulation
Ichiyo Izawa – keyboards
Seiji Kameda – bass

Ringo Sheena – vocals
Miyamoto Shigeo – mastering
Ukigumo – guitar

Chart rankings

Release history

References

2010 songs
English-language Japanese songs
Songs used as jingles
Songs written by Ringo Sheena
Tokyo Jihen songs
Music videos directed by Yuichi Kodama


title: Bipartite realization problem

text:
The bipartite realization problem is a classical decision problem in graph theory, a branch of combinatorics. Given two finite sequences  and  of natural numbers, the problem asks whether there is a labeled simple bipartite graph such that  is the degree sequence of this bipartite graph.

Solutions
The problem belongs to the complexity class P. This can be proven using the Gale–Ryser theorem, i.e., one has to validate the correctness of  inequalities.

Other notations
The problem can also be stated in terms of zero-one matrices. The connection can be seen if one realizes that each bipartite graph has a biadjacency matrix where the column sums and row sums correspond to  and . The problem is then often denoted by 0-1-matrices for given row and column sums. In the classical literature the problem was sometimes stated in the context of contingency tables by contingency tables with given marginals. A third formulation is in terms of degree sequences of simple directed graphs with at most one loop per vertex. In this case the matrix is interpreted as the adjacency matrix of such a directed graph. When are pairs of non-negative integers ((a1,b1), ..., (an,bn)) the indegree-outdegree pairs of a labeled directed graph with at most one loop per vertex?

Related problems
Similar problems describe the degree sequences of simple graphs and simple directed graphs. The first problem is the so-called graph realization problem. The second is known as the digraph realization problem. The bipartite realization problem is equivalent to the question, if there exists a labeled bipartite subgraph of a complete bipartite graph to a given degree sequence. The hitchcock problem asks for such a subgraph minimizing the sum of the costs on each edge which are given for the complete bipartite graph. A further generalization is the f-factor problem for bipartite graphs, i.e. for a given bipartite graph one searches for a subgraph possessing a certain degree sequence. The problem uniform sampling a bipartite graph to a fixed degree sequence is to construct a solution for the bipartite realization problem with the additional constraint that each such solution comes with the same probability. This problem was shown to be in FPTAS for regular sequences by Catherine Greenhill (for regular bipartite graphs with a forbidden 1-factor) and for half-regular sequences by Erdős et al. The general problem is still unsolved.

Citations

References

Computational problems in graph theory
Bipartite graphs


title: 2014–15 Anadolu Efes S.K. season

text:
The 2014–15 season of Anadolu Efes S.K. is the 36th season of the club in the highest division of Turkish basketball. It was the first full season Dušan Ivković was the head coach of the team.

Roster

Transactions

In

|}

Out

|}

Notes

References

2014–15 Euroleague by club
2014-15
2014–15 in Turkish basketball by club


title: Hasselborg Lake East Shelter Cabin

text:
The Hasselborg Lake East Shelter Cabin was a historic backcountry shelter in the Admiralty Island National Monument, part of Tongass National Forest in Southeast Alaska.  The cabin, of which at best ruins survive today (it was described as being collapsed as long ago as 1985), was a three-sided Adirondack-style log structure, made of peeled logs, and covered with wood shakes.  It was located near the mouth of the stream that drains Beaver Lake into Hasselborg Lake.  The shelter was built in 1936 as part of a Civilian Conservation Corps works project to create a canoe route across the island.

The cabin site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1995.

See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Hoonah-Angoon Census Area, Alaska

References

1936 establishments in Alaska
Buildings and structures completed in 1936
Civilian Conservation Corps in Alaska
Log cabins in the United States
Buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places in Hoonah–Angoon Census Area, Alaska
Park buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places in Alaska
Tongass National Forest
Log buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places in Alaska


title: Harmologa sisyrana

text:
Harmologa sisyrana is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in New Zealand.

The wingspan is about 18 mm. The forewings are fuscous, irrorated (speckled) with whitish and sprinkled with ferruginous and blackish specks. The markings are darker fuscous, with strigulae (fine streaks) of blackish and ferruginous irroration. The hindwings are pale greyish, marbled with darker.

References

Moths described in 1883
Archipini
Moths of New Zealand
Taxa named by Edward Meyrick


title: 1834 in Scotland

text:
Events from the year 1834 in Scotland.

Incumbents

Law officers
 Lord Advocate – Francis Jeffrey until May; then John Murray until November; then Sir William Rae, Bt
 Solicitor General for Scotland – Henry Cockburn; then Andrew Skene; then Duncan McNeill

Judiciary
 Lord President of the Court of Session – Lord Granton
 Lord Justice General – The Duke of Montrose
 Lord Justice Clerk – Lord Boyle

Events
 May – Dean Bridge in Edinburgh opened to horse and cart traffic.
 29 July – a steam carriage designed by John Scott Russell on the Glasgow–Paisley road overturns and suffers a boiler explosion causing the death of four passengers.
 11 September – emigrant ship Sybelle out of Cromarty wrecked off St. Paul Island (Nova Scotia) with the loss of all 316 passengers and all but six of her crew.
 9 October – first shipment of tea direct from India arrives at the Broomielaw quay in Glasgow.
 26 December – Ursulines of Jesus take up residence at St Margaret’s Convent in the Whitehouse in Edinburgh, the first Roman Catholic convent established in Scotland since the Reformation; it will be another 5 years before the first such modern establishment in England.
 Naval architect John Scott Russell first observes a nondecaying solitary wave (a soliton, which he calls "the Wave of Translation") while watching a boat hauled through the water of the Union Canal near Edinburgh, subsequently using a tank to study the dependence of solitary wave velocities on amplitude and liquid depth.
 Thomas Henderson is appointed first Astronomer Royal for Scotland.
 Edinburgh Geological Society is established.
 Princess Royal Maternity Hospital is established as the Glasgow Lying-in Hospital and Dispensary.
 Annan Bridge built by Robert Stevenson.
 Moffat Academy is established by merger of the local grammar and parish schools.
 Charles Randolph establishes the millwrighting business of Randolph & Elliott in the Tradeston district of Glasgow, predecessor of the Fairfield Shipbuilding and Engineering Company.
 The McGeoch family establish a pawnbrokers in Paisley, predecessor of the chain store M&Co. (Mackays).
 The Second (New) Statistical Account of Scotland begins publication under the auspices of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland.
 The Evangelical Thomas Chalmers becomes chairman of the General Assembly's church extension committee.
 The Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St Andrews gains its royal patronage.

Births
 27 January – Alexander Asher, politician and Solicitor General for Scotland (died 1905)
 16 March – James Hector, geologist (died 1907 in New Zealand)
 5 April – Robert Rowand Anderson, architect (died 1921)
 12 April – William Hope, soldier, recipient of the Victorian Cross (died 1909 in London)
 27 April – Margaret Macpherson Grant, heiress and philanthropist (died 1877)
 4 July – Christopher Dresser, designer influential in the Anglo-Japanese style (died 1904 in England)
 22 August – George Kynoch, businessman (died 1891 in South Africa)
 17 September – Robert Simpson, retail merchant (died 1897 in Canada)
 1 October – Mary Mackellar, née Cameron, Gaelic poet and translator (died 1890)
 12 October – Mark MacTaggart-Stewart, né Stewart, politician (died 1923)
 23 November – James Thomson ("B.V."), poet (died 1882 in London)
 Probable date – Peter Dodds McCormick, schoolteacher, composer of the Australian national anthem (died 1916 in Australia)

Deaths
 26 March – Jean Armour, widow of Robert Burns (born 1765)
 9 June – John Henry Wishart, surgeon (born 1781)
 12 July – David Douglas, botanist (born 1799; died in Hawaii)
 2 September – Thomas Telford, civil engineer (born 1757; died in London)
 16 September – William Blackwood, publisher and writer (born 1776)
 21 September – Robert Edmonstone, painter (born 1794)
 24 November – John Gillies, botanist (born 1792)
 5 December – Thomas Pringle, writer, poet and abolitionist (born 1789; died in London)
 7 December – Edward Irving, founder of the Catholic Apostolic Church (born 1792)
 Anne Forbes, portrait painter (born 1745)
 Probable date – Sarah Bezra Nicol, actress (born in England)

See also

 1834 in Ireland

References

Scotland
1830s in Scotland


title: Sir Richard Levinge, 7th Baronet

text:
Sir Richard George Augustus Levinge, 7th Baronet (1 November 1811 – 28 September 1884) was an Irish landowner and politician from Knockdrin Castle, County Westmeath. He sat in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom from 1857 to 1865.

Life

His mother was a sister of the 2nd Baron Rancliffe, who died without issue in November 1850. Sir Richard inherited his uncle's entailed property, valued at between £1,000 and £2,000 per annum.
In 1846 he was commissioned as Lieutenant Colonel of the Westmeath Militia.
He was Sheriff of Westmeath in 1851–2,
and in 1853 was appointed as a Deputy Lieutenant of the county.

At the 1852 general election, he contested the Westmeath constituency as a Conservative, without success.

Five years later, at the 1857 election,
he was returned unopposed for Westmeath as an Independent Opposition candidate.
That party collapsed in 1859, he was re-elected at the 1859 general election,

as a Liberal.

He did not contest the 1865 election.
He was asked to stand again at the 1868 general election, but refused. He said that although he was a Liberal on all other points, he was a staunch Protestant, and opposed the Liberal policy of disestablishing the Church of Ireland.

He died in Brussels on Sunday 28 September 1884, aged 73.  He was succeeded in the baronetcy by his brother Vere Henry Levinge, an officer in the Madras Civil Service.

Family

Richard was brother to Commodore Reginald Thomas John Levinge of the Royal Navy.

Works
 Echoes from the Backwoods; or, Sketches of Transatlantic Life (London, 1846, 2 vols.)
 Cromwell Doolan; or, Life in the Army (London, 1849, 2 vols.) (Internet Archive)
 A Day With the Brookside Harriers at Brighton (London, 1858) (Internet Archive)
 Historical Records of the Forty-third Regiment, Monmouthshire Light Infantry, with a roll of the Officers and their services (Internet Archive)

References

External links

1811 births
1884 deaths
People from County Westmeath
Baronets in the Baronetage of Ireland
Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for County Westmeath constituencies (1801–1922)
UK MPs 1857–1859
UK MPs 1859–1865
High Sheriffs of County Westmeath
Deputy Lieutenants of Westmeath
Conservative Party (UK) parliamentary candidates
Irish Liberal Party MPs


title: Chakla (administrative division)

text:
Chakla (Persian: چکلہ) was a district-level administrative division in Indian subcontinent during the Mughal period. The chakla system was used at least in Bengal and Awadh provinces. The chakla was the major administrative division in a subah (province). It was further subdivided into parganas; each pargana consisted of several villages.

See also
 Sarkar (administrative division)

References

Subdivisions of the Mughal Empire
Awadh
Bengal Subah
History of Uttar Pradesh
Former subdivisions of Bangladesh


title: Cnemaspis silvula

text:
Cnemaspis silvula is a species of diurnal gecko endemic to island of Sri Lanka.

References

 http://reptile-database.reptarium.cz/species?genus=Cnemaspis&species=silvula
 https://web.archive.org/web/20141004183323/http://www.srilankanreptiles.com/TetrapodReptiles/Gekkonidae.html
 http://biodiversityofsrilanka.blogspot.com/2011/01/forest-daygecko-cnemaspis-silvula.html

silvula
Reptiles of Sri Lanka
Reptiles described in 2007


title: Cnemaspis upendrai

text:
Cnemaspis upendrai is a species of diurnal gecko endemic to island of Sri Lanka. The specific name honours Siran Upendra Deraniyagala, a Sri Lankan prehistorian.

The species grows to  in snout–vent length. Dorsum is light-brown with prominent markings, but some individuals are uniformly yellowish brown, without prominent dorsal markings.

References

upendrai
Endemic fauna of Sri Lanka
Reptiles of Sri Lanka
Reptiles described in 2007


title: Micro-spectrophotometry

text:
Microspectrophotometry is the measure of the spectra of microscopic samples using different wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation (e.g. ultraviolet, visible and near infrared, etc.) It is accomplished with microspectrophotometers, cytospectrophotometers, microfluorometers, Raman microspectrophotometers, etc. A microspectrophotometer can be configured to measure transmittance, absorbance, reflectance, light polarization, fluorescence (or other types of luminescence such as photoluminescence) of sample areas less than a micrometer in diameter through a modified optical microscope.

Applications
The main reason to use microspectrophotometry is the ability to measure the optical spectra of samples with a spatial resolution on the micron scale.  Optical spectra may be acquired of either microscopic samples or larger samples with a micron-scale spatial resolution.  Another reason microspectrophotometry is useful is that measurements are made without destroying the samples.  This is important when dealing with stained/unstained histological or cytochemical biological sections, when measuring film thickness in semi-conductor integrated circuits, when matching paints and fibers (forensic science), when studying gems and coal (geology), and in paint/ink/color analysis in paint chemistry or art-work.

Variations
An advantage of the 'microscope spectrometer' is its ability to use microscope apertures to precisely control the area of sample analysis. Flat capillaries can be used for analyzing small liquid samples, up to about 10 micro-liters in volume. Quartz or mirror-based optics can be used for studying samples from the ultraviolet (UV), down to 200 nm, to the near infrared (NIR) up to 2100 nm.  Samples that emit electromagnetic radiation via fluorescence, phosphorescence or photoluminescence when exposed to light, can be quantitatively investigated using a variety of excitation and barrier filters. A variety of observations can be made on samples of interest by using different illumination sources such as halogen, xenon, deuterium and mercury lamps. Plane polarized light can also be used for studying birefringent samples.

See also
Fluorescence spectroscopy
Infrared spectroscopy
Microfluorimetry
Raman Microspectrosopy
Spectrophotometry
Ultraviolet-visible Microspectroscopy
 Ultraviolet

External links
CRAIC Technologies - The Science of Microspectroscopy
Leica - MICROPHOTOMETRY AND MICROSPECTROPHOTOMETRY
FBI — Standards and Guidelines - Forensic Science Communications - October 2007

Spectroscopy