title: James Garcia

text:
James Robert Garcia (born February 3, 1980) is an American former professional baseball pitcher who played in the San Francisco Giants minor league system as well as in independent league baseball. He also played for the United States national baseball team.

Garcia was born in Torrance, California and attended West High School in Torrance, whence he was drafted by the Boston Red Sox in the 30th round of the 1998 Major League Baseball Draft. He did not sign. He later attended University of California, Santa Barbara and was signed as an undrafted free-agent by the Giants in June 2002.

He played in the Giants system through 2006, averaging more than a strikeout per inning each year until 2004. Originally a relief pitcher, he converted to starting full-time in 2005. Also in 2005, Garcia played for the United States national team in the 2005 Baseball World Cup. He had a 2-0 record and a 4.05 ERA with 10 strikeouts in 6.2 innings in the tournament.

The Giants cut ties with the pitcher following the 2006 season and he began playing independent baseball, spending time in the Northern League, Atlantic League, Golden Baseball League, North American League and American Association, until 2011, his final season.

Overall, Garcia spent 10 years in professional baseball and went 47-56 with a 4.79 ERA in 272 games (112 starts). He had 735 strikeouts in 846 1/3 innings.

References

1980 births
Living people
Arizona League Giants players
American expatriate baseball players in Canada
Baseball pitchers
Baseball players from Torrance, California
Connecticut Defenders players
Fresno Grizzlies players
Joliet JackHammers players
Lincoln Saltdogs players
Long Island Ducks players
Norwich Navigators players
Salem-Keizer Volcanoes players
San Jose Giants players
Tucson Toros players
UC Santa Barbara Gauchos baseball players
Victoria Seals players
Yuma Scorpions players


title: Golden-crowned snake

text:
The golden-crowned snake (Cacophis squamulosus) is a small species of venomous snake in the family Elapidae. The species is endemic to Australia.

Habitat
Like other Cacophis species, the golden-crowned snake is a forest specialist, particularly rainforest. It prefers deeper forested areas, particularly rainforest on mountain slopes, however it can show up in suburbs near waterways and moist environments with ground cover and shelter.

Venom
Cacophis squamulosus is only mildly venomous; however, it will bluff and mock bite if threatened, rearing into an S-shape to display the bright orange ventral pigmentation. Bites from larger individuals may present a health risk; however, it is more likely to attempt to intimidate those it feels threatened by.

Diet
The diet of the golden-crowned snake consists mostly of skinks and other small lizards which they hunt at night; they may also take frogs and tadpoles.

Geographic range
Cacophis squamulosus is localised to eastern Australia, from Canberra, ACT, to Cairns, QLD.

Description
The average total length (including tail) of C. squamulosus is , but it may reach , making it the largest of the crowned snakes. The golden-crowned snake has a dorsal surface grayish-brown to dark brown in colour, and a ventral surface of orange to pink, with a mid-line of black spots. The "crown" is a pale yellow-brown stripe starting at the snout and sweeping back along both sides of the head, not connecting at the back of the head as in C. krefftii or C. harriettae, instead trailing down the neck. The Dorsal scales are in 15 rows at mid-body.

Reproduction
Cacophis squamulosus is oviparous.

References

Further reading
Cogger HG (2014). Reptiles and Amphibians of Australia, Seventh Edition. Clayton, Victoria, Australia: CSIRO Publishing. xxx + 1,033 pp. .
Duméril A-M-C, Bibron G, Duméril A [-H-A] (1854). Erpétologie générale ou histoire naturelle complète des reptiles. Tome septième. Deuxième partie. Comprenant l'histoire des serpents venimeux. [= General Herpetology or the Complete Natural History of Reptiles. Volume 7. Part 2. Containing the Natural History of the Venomous Snakes]. Paris: Roret. xii + pp. 781-1536. (Pseudelaps squamulosus, new species, pp. 1235-1236). (in French).

Cacophis
Reptiles described in 1854
Taxa named by André Marie Constant Duméril
Taxa named by Gabriel Bibron
Taxa named by Auguste Duméril


title: Miroslav Petronijević

text:
Miroslav Petronijević (; born 6 December 1987) is a Serbian football midfielder.

References

External links

 Miroslav Petronijević stats at utakmica.rs

1987 births
Living people
Footballers from Belgrade
Men's association football midfielders
Serbian men's footballers
FK Čukarički players
FK Radnički Nova Pazova players
FK Radnički Pirot players
FK Rad players
FK Napredak Kruševac players
FK Voždovac players
FK Sloga Petrovac na Mlavi players
Serbian First League players
Serbian SuperLiga players


title: Archidesmida

text:
The Archidesmida is an extinct order of millipedes known from fossils from the Devonian period of Europe and North America. Archidesmidans have broad flat keels (paranota) extending from their body segments, and a modified pair of legs on the 8th segment that may have been involved in mating, similar to the gonopods of living millipedes which insert sperm into females. Alternately, the modified legs may have been used to grasp onto partners during mating.

References

Prehistoric arthropod orders
Millipede orders
Devonian myriapods
Late Devonian animals


title: George Winter (Australian politician)

text:
George Winter (1815 – 14 September 1879) was a pastoralist  and politician in colonial Victoria, a member of the Victorian Legislative Council.

Early life
Winter was born in Oakley Park, King's county, Ireland, the son of Samuel Pratt Winter and Frances Rosa, née Bamford.

Colonial Australia
Winter arrived in the Port Phillip District in August 1837. On 2 June 1853 Winter was elected to the unicameral Victorian Legislative Council for Villiers and Heytesbury. Winter held this position until resigning in August 1854.

Winter died in Levuka, Fiji on 14 September 1879; he had earlier married Elizabeth Cox.

References

1815 births
1879 deaths
Members of the Victorian Legislative Council
Australian pastoralists
Irish emigrants to colonial Australia
Politicians from County Offaly
19th-century Australian politicians
19th-century Australian businesspeople


title: Satan in Prison

text:
Satan in Prison () is a 1907 French short silent film by Georges Méliès. The film tells the story of an imprisoned man (played by Méliès himself) who turns out to be the Devil in disguise.

Plot
The film features Méliès in a room which is intended to be a cell and he finds ways to cure his boredom by performing tricks, such as vanishing and magically appearing picture frames and sudden appearing fireplaces and dinner tables with wine. Towards the end of the film he appears as Satan and tricks his guards by disappearing in a blanket.

Production and release
Méliès, who had begun his performing career as a successful stage magician, often featured the Devil in his films, taking advantage of the character's possibilities as a creator of strange magical happenings. In Satan in Prison, as was his usual practice, Méliès himself appears as the Devil.

The film's special effects were created with pyrotechnics and substitution splices. Méliès filmed an expanded version of the same idea, with many of the same props but with more characters and a more elaborate narrative, two years later as The Diabolic Tenant. Satan in Prison was sold by Méliès's Star Film Company and numbered 1010–1013 in its catalogues.

References

External links

1907 films
French black-and-white films
Films directed by Georges Méliès
French silent short films
French science fiction films
The Devil in film
Silent horror films
1900s French films


title: Giovanni Vincenzo Forli

text:
Giovanni Vincenzo Forli (c. 1580 in Forlì del Sannio – c. 1625) was an Italian painter of the Baroque period, active in Naples.

In 1607–1608, he painted a Good Samaritan for the Church of Pio Monte della Misericordia, where Caravaggio had just painted the main altarpiece of The Seven Works of Mercy. Giovanni Vincenzo was clearly influenced by the tenebrism of Caravaggio, but his work has a Mannerist air. Subsequently, Forli was to paint a Circumcision for the church of Santa Maria della Sanità.

References

1580s births
1620s deaths
Painters from Naples
16th-century Italian painters
Italian male painters
17th-century Italian painters
Italian Baroque painters
Caravaggisti


title: List of Iranian assassinations

text:
List of Iranian assassinations refers to a list of alleged and confirmed assassinations, reported to have been conducted by the Islamic Republic of Iran and previously by the Pahlavi Dynasty  and several underground Resistance Opposition groups.

It includes attempts on notable persons who were reported to have been specifically targeted by the various Iranian security and intelligence, most notably Kurdish dissidents of the Kurdish Democratic Party of Iran in 1980s and 1990s.

Prior to the establishment of the Islamic Republic in 1979, the Organization of Intelligence and National Security also allegedly performed a number of political motivated assassinations against dissidents and opposition leaders.

By Pahlavi regime (1953–1979)

By the Islamic Republic of Iran

By Resistance Opposition groups

See also
 Targeted Killing in International Law

Iranian
Assassinations
Targeted killing
Assassinations


title: West Cross (disambiguation)

text:
West Cross is an area in Swansea, Wales.

West Cross also may refer to:

 West Cross (electoral ward), which includes the West Cross area
 West Cross Street in Morristown Historic District, Morristown, Ohio

See also
 West Cross Route, stretch of elevated highway in Central London
 "W. Cross Pkwy", signage term for Wilbur Cross Parkway in Connecticut, U.S.A.


title: Astronotus crassipinnis

text:
Astronotus crassipinnis is a South American fish in the cichlid family from the southern Amazon basin and the Paraná–Paraguay basins. It is not as well-known or common in the aquarium trade as its relative, the more northernly distributed oscar (A. ocellatus). A. crassipinnis reaches up to  in length.

Etymology
The genus name Astronotus comes from the Greek words "Astra" which means ray and "Noton" means back. The species name crassipinnis comes from the Greek words "Crassus" came from the word fat and "Pinna" means fish.

In the aquarium
The species is very rare in the aquarium hobby, where they are sometimes known as "fat oscars". When they appear, they are often mistaken for the common oscar (A. ocellatus).

References

crassipinnis
Fish described in 1840
Taxa named by Johann Jakob Heckel


title: Beckville, Indiana

text:
Beckville is an unincorporated community in Walnut Township, Montgomery County, in the U.S. state of Indiana.

History
Beckville was founded in 1828. The community was named for Solomon Beck, the original owner of the town site. A post office was established at Beckville in 1854, and remained in operation until it was discontinued in 1865.

Geography
Beckville is located at .

References

Unincorporated communities in Montgomery County, Indiana
Unincorporated communities in Indiana


The National Pharmaceutical Pricing Authority (NPPA) is a government regulatory agency that controls the prices of pharmaceutical drugs in India. National Pharmaceutical Pricing Authority (NPPA) was constituted vide Government of India Resolution dated 29th August 1997 as an attached office of the Department of Pharmaceuticals (DoP), Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers as an independent Regulator for pricing of drugs and to ensure availability and accessibility of medicines at affordable prices.

Drug Price Control Orders (DPCO)
The NPPA regularly publishes lists of medicines and their maximum selling prices. On 1st April 2022, NPPA increased prices of over 800 medicines under the National List of Essential Medicines (NELM) by over 10%. the price increased was based on the Wholesale Price Index (WPI) data provided by the office of the Economic Advisor, Ministry of Commerce and Industry, the annual change in WPI works out as 10.76607% during the calendar year 2021 over the corresponding period in 2020. The latest DPCO was released in 2013 and has a list of 384 drugs.
On 4 December 2017, it was announced that a multi-disciplinary committee of experts for consultation on matters about the implementation of the Drug Price Control Order (DPCO) including technicalities involved in pricing and new launches will be set up and it will have a member secretary of the National Pharmaceutical Pricing Authority (NPPA) as its convener.

Functions
 To implement and enforce the provisions of the Drugs (Prices Control) Order in accordance with the powers delegated to it.
 To deal with all legal matters arising out of the decisions of the Authority.
 To monitor the availability of drugs, identify shortages, if any, and take remedial steps.
 To collect/ maintain data on production, exports and imports, market share of individual companies, the profitability of companies etc, for bulk drugs and formulations.
 To undertake and/ or sponsor relevant studies in respect of the pricing of drugs/ pharmaceuticals.
 To recruit/ appoint the officers and other staff members of the Authority, as per rules and procedures laid down by the Government.
 To render advice to the Central Government on changes/ revisions in drug policy.
 To help the Central Government in parliamentary matters relating to the drug pricing.

Initiatives

Price monitoring and resource unit (PMRU)
Under its program called "Consumer awareness, publicity and price monitoring (CAPPMS)" the NPPA has set up 12 Price monitoring and resource units in various States and UTs.It has planned to set up such units in all 36 states and UTs for better outreach of NPPA in the states as these units will help the NPPA and State drug controller to ensure the accessibility of drugs at affordable prices. The PMRUs are societies registered under The Societies Registration Act, 1860 under the direct supervision of The State Drug Controller with its "board of governors" containing nominees of state and central government apart from other stakeholders. They will be funded by NPPA for their recurring and non-recurring expenses.

References

http://nppaindia.nic.in/wh-new-2018/wh-new-07-2018.html "NPPA has fixed/revised ceiling prices/retail prices of 869 formulations under Drugs (Prices Control) Order, 2013 in related Notification /order dated 02.04.2018."

External links
 Official website

Medical and health government agencies of India
Regulatory agencies of India
Pharmacy organisations in India
Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers


title: Chaman Ganj, Kanpur

text:
Chaman ganj is a residential area situated in the heart of Kanpur in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.

Demography

References

External links

Neighbourhoods in Kanpur


title: Shiv Bhanu Singh Solanki

text:
Shiv Bhanu Singh Solanki was a leader of Indian National Congress from Madhya Pradesh. He was deputy chief minister in Government of Madhya Pradesh headed by Arjun Singh in 1980. He was elected to Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly  from Dhar district.

References

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Deputy Chief Ministers of Madhya Pradesh
Madhya Pradesh MLAs 1980–1985
People from Dhar district
Indian National Congress politicians from Madhya Pradesh


title: Mike Stilkey

text:
Michael James Stilkey Jr. (born October 15, 1975) is an American artist known for his book sculpture paintings.

Early life
Mike Stilkey was born in Tarzana, California, and spent his childhood moving from city to city primarily in the Los Angeles area.  From age 8 to 14, Stilkey attended a different school each year.  Most of his childhood was spent in Malibu Lake, a small town Stilkey describes as a "hippy party community". The son of addict parents,  Stilkey found himself at a very early age immersed in a world of drug culture, parties and a life without discipline.  "I was allowed to do anything I wanted.  There were no rules."

In his teenage years, Stilkey picked up skateboarding.  He described skateboarding as a retreat away from his dysfunctional family.  Stilkey claims his artwork was partly inspired by the spirit of skateboarding which taught him how to take a different perspective on life and living.  "When people are looking ahead, I'm looking at the details of the curb…looking at different things."  Stilkey's dream of becoming a professional skateboarder was crushed at age 20 after a series of injuries.

With his injury sidelining him from skateboarding, Stilkey turned to drawing and painting.  "My family never talked about feelings.  I was not allowed to express myself as a kid.  Skateboarding was where I let out my emotions, but since I couldn't skate anymore, I picked up a pencil and expressed what was inside…the good, the bad and the unknown.  This was the only way I could let it out."  Stilkey has described going into a fantasy world while creating art: "I was doing drugs, I had addicts for parents and a messed up family. Art saved my life".

Career
Stilkey's first encounter with art came at age 18 with mutual friends that were a part of the AWR and MSK Graffiti crews in Los Angeles. He did not produce graffiti but was influenced by the culture and enjoyed the rebellious spirit of their work.

After painting for a few years, working odd jobs, and dealing with a recent suicide attempt by his father, the 24-year-old Stilkey fell into a major depression and had what he called a "mental breakdown". He donated his car, quit his job and promised himself never to  work for anyone ever again. "Why would I struggle doing something I hated. I'd rather struggle doing something I love." Within a week, Stilkey met Markus Brandley, the owner of Artpiece gallery in Los Angeles. Brandley was inspired by Stilkey's free spirit and invited him to use Artpiece as a studio space. One of Stilkey's first solo shows at Artpiece was entitled 100 Portraits. Stilkey painted 100 portraits on book pages. 100 Portraits, a limited edition book of the portraits was published.

In 2006 gallery owners Jana DesForges and artist Dave Kinsey (original partner with Shepard Fairey) discovered Stilkey's work.  Later that year BLK/MRKT invited Stilkey to be a part of a group show. Stilkey debuted his first book sculpture while exhibiting work at BLK/MRKT. It was sort of an accident. I was painting on book pages for forever. At the time, I was drawing on books, records or anything else I could find at a thrift store. Eventually, I started drawing on the books themselves. I was going to do a project where I just drew on the covers of the books, and as I finished them I would stack them against the wall. It dawned on me that it might be a good idea to paint down the spines of the books instead of just on the covers. The first one I did I didn't really think much of, but I brought it down to BLK/MRKT, and I remember Jana going crazy over it. We showed it at the second Artists' Annual group show where it got quite a bit of attention, including attention from Kim Davenport, the director of Rice Gallery in Houston.

The day after the show, Rice University contacted Stilkey about a large-scale installation. Within the week Stilkey was in Houston and in discussions about creating a piece that would consist of 5,000 books. The exhibition opened in the summer of 2007. Rice University bought the piece, where it is now on permanent display.

Since 2007, Stilkey's work has been exhibited throughout the United States as well as internationally, at galleries and museums such as: the Bristol City Museum in the UK, Mesa Contemporary Art Museum in Mesa, Arizona, Bakersfield Museum of Art in Bakersfield, California, the Arne Nixon Center at California State University, Fresno, the Andrea Schwartz Gallery in San Francisco, the Kinsey/DesForges Gallery in Culver City, California, the David B. Smith Gallery in Denver, the Gilman Contemporary Gallery, Ketchum, Idaho, and LeBasse Projects in Culver City, California. He has also created numerous large-scale installations internationally in: Bordeaux, France; Hong Kong, China; Turin, Italy; Manila, Philippines; and Bern, Switzerland.

Stilkey's largest installation entitled Discarded Romance debuted in Hong Kong Times Square in 2012.  The 24 foot high by 14 foot wide installation consisting of more than 5,000 books was the centerpiece of a solo show in Hong Kong entitled Full of Smiles and Soft Attentions.  This show propelled Stilkey's international profile. Andrew Hosner of Arrested Motion wrote: "Stilkey's work features a melancholic and at times whimsical cast of characters, with an aesthetic reminiscent of Weimer-era German expressionism. Inhabiting an ambiguous environment, his subjects convey a lingering sense of loss and longing. Stilkey's work reinvents the canvas to push boundaries between words, visual art and music".

Jenna Krajeski of The New Yorker wrote: "His work on stacked spines and covers reworks books into a beautiful, albeit unreadable, library".

For the 50th Anniversary of John F. Kennedy's death, the Washington Post commissioned Stilkey to paint a portrait of Kennedy on books that were written about Kennedy.  A photo of the portrait garnered the front page of the Washington Post on October 27, 2013.

Personal life
Stilkey is an avid pool player and can be commonly found in pool tournaments where other contestants only know him by his nickname "Red."

Stilkey is an animal lover and vegetarian.  "I love the fact that animals have such strong personalities. In the end we're all the same. We're all alive in this weird place".

Stilkey lives in a suburb of Los Angeles with his wife and son.  His wife Elizabeth has been the inspiration for many of Mike's works.

Solo exhibitions
 2014 The Frostig Collection, Santa Monica, California. Kids Collection
 2014 Gilman Contemporary Gallery, Ketchum, Idaho. While the Time is Slow
 2013 Fully Booked, Manila, Philippines. Discarded Romance
 2012 Times Square, Hong Kong, China. Full of Smiles and Soft Attentions
 2011 Gilman Contemporary Gallery, Ketchum, Idaho. Certainly Not Without Serenade
 2010 Hurley's H Space Gallery, Costa Mesa, California. Reminiscent
 2009 David B. Smith Gallery, Denver, Colorado. Words Fail Me
 2008 Kinsey/DesForges Gallery, Culver City, California. Slightly All the Time
 2008 Milieu Galerie/Artspace, Bern, Switzerland. An Occasion of Wonder
 2007 BLK/MRKT Gallery, Culver City, California. Horse Stories
 2006 Curio 69 Gallery, Los Angeles. Recent Works
 2005 Artpiece Gallery, Los Angeles. One Hundred Portraits

Installations
 2014 Arts of Palm, Beverly Hills, California, Beverly Hills Library, "Party Animals"
 2014 Big D Magazine, Dallas, South Side Lamar Building, "Outsiders"
 2014 The Arne Nixon Center for the Study of Children's Literature, Fresno, California. "Turning Pages"
 2013 The Washington Post, Washington, D.C., "50 Year JFK Anniversary"
 2013 Fully Booked, Manila, Philippines. "Discarded Romance"
 2012 Bakersfield Museum of Art, Bakersfield, California. "A Day to Remember"
 2012 JOYCE Boutique, Hong Kong, China. Site specific installation.
 2011 Porta Nuova Railway Station, Turin, Italy, for the International Book Fair, "An Affair with the City"
 2010 Bristol City Museum and Art Gallery. Bristol, UK, "An Unusual Evening"
 2010 Hurley's H Space Gallery, Costa Mesa, California. "The Piano Has Been Drinking"
 2010 Added to the permanent collections of Laguna Beach High School, Laguna Beach, California, and Nike/Hurley, Costa Mesa, California
 2007 Rice University Gallery, Houston, Texas. "When the Animals Rebel"
 2007 Added to the permanent collection of the Fondren Library at Rice University

Select group exhibitions
 2014 Saint Rémi, Bordeaux, FR. BDX-LAX
 2014 Mesa Contemporary Arts Museum, Mesa, Arizona. Boundless
 2013 Andrea Schwartz Gallery, San Francisco. Between the Lines (Three-person show with Cara Barer and Melinda Tidwell)
 2012 Bakersfield Museum of Art, Bakersfield, California. Out of Print
 2012 Breeze Block Gallery, Portland, Oregon. Space//Form
 2011 Cannon Art Gallery, Carlsbad, California. Face to Face: The Changing Face of Portraiture
 2011 Corey Helford Gallery, Culver City, California. In the Nursery
 2011 Washington Project for the Arts, Washington, D.C. Art Auction Gala.
 2011 Andi Campognone Projects, Pomona, California. Art for Awareness (Art auction and benefit for the Oceanic Awareness Collaboration)
 2010 Bristol City Museum and Art Gallery, Bristol, UK. Art from the New World
 2010 Grand Central Art Center, Cal State University Fullerton, Santa Ana, California. 100 Artists See Satan
 2010 Stolenspace Gallery, London, UK. Never Judge
 2010 Guenzel Gallery, Peninsula School of Art, Door County, Wisconsin. The Book as Sculpture
 2010 David B. Smith Gallery, Denver, Colorado. Group Exhibition: Part One
 2010 Gilman Contemporary Gallery, Ketchum, Idaho.; Art Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
 2010 LeBasse Projects, Culver City, California.; San Diego Contemporary Art Fair, San Diego, California
 2009 Gilman Contemporary Gallery, Ketchum, Idaho. A Happy Medium
 2009 Galerie Europ'Art, Aigues-Mortes, France. Le Livre Est Une Oeuvre d'Art
 2009 Metro Pictures, New York. Postcards From the Edge
 2008 Gilman Contemporary Gallery, Ketchum, Idaho. Megan Murphy, Mike Stilkey and Alicia Tormey
 2008 Gilman Contemporary Gallery, Ketchum, Idaho. See & Be Seen
 2008 Second City Art Council Art Gallery, Long Beach, California. Visual Literacy (Juried exhibition; awarded first place.)
 2007 BLK/MRKT Gallery, Los Angeles, BMG Artists' Annual 2007 BLK/MRKT Gallery at Red Dot Fair, Miami, Florida, Art Basel 2007 Gilman Contemporary Gallery, Ketchum, Idaho, Robert Atwell, Amy Bird and Mike Stilkey
 2007 Gilman Contemporary Gallery, Ketchum, Idaho, Works on Paper 2007 Orange County Center for Contemporary Art, Santa Ana, California, Untitled LOVE Project, phase 1
 2006 BLK/MRKT Gallery, Los Angeles, BMG Artists' Annual 2006 Mauve Gallery, Orange County, California, The White Elephant Show (Childrens Hospital of Orange County Charity Exhibition)
 2005 Harmony Gallery, Los Angeles, Critters and Ghosts 2005 Voice 1156 Gallery, San Diego, No Stress
 2005 L.A. Artfest, Los Angeles, Group Show
 2005 Create/Fixate, Los Angeles, Group Show
 2004 Bolsky Gallery, Otis College of Art and Design, Los Angeles, California, Group Show
 2004 Artpiece Gallery, Los Angeles, Innocence''

References

External links
 AWR Graffiti Crew
 MSK Graffiti Crew
 BLK/MRKT
 Andrea Schwartz Gallery
 Kinsey/DesForges Gallery
 David B. Smith Gallery
 Gilman Contemporary Gallery
 LeBasse Projects

1975 births
Living people
People from Tarzana, Los Angeles
21st-century American sculptors
21st-century American male artists
American male sculptors
20th-century American sculptors
20th-century American male artists
Sculptors from California


title: Logan Creek Dredge

text:
Logan Creek Dredge is a canal located in northeastern Nebraska, United States, that roughly follows the natural course of the Logan Creek, but without the many meanders. Some water still flows through much of course of the former creek (and its many meanders). The former course of the creek is referred to as the Old Channel Logan Creek.

Course
The Logan Creek Dredge rises southeastern Cedar County at the confluence of Middle Logan Creek and Perrin Creek, northeast of Laurel. It then flows southeast, passing through or adjacent to the towns of Concord, Wakefield, Pender, Bancroft, Lyons, Oakland, Uehling and Winside. The canal empties into the Elkhorn River in eastern Dodge County, just east of Winslow.

Name
The original Logan Creek was named after Logan Fontenelle, a chief of the Omaha tribe, who was killed by Oglala Sioux in 1855.

History

Logan Creek Site
Logan Creek Site is located at Marker 151 on U.S. Route 77, between Uehling and Oakland in Burt County. It is managed by the Nebraska State Historical Society and was entered on the National Register of Historic Places.

First European settlers
The Aaron Arlington family was in 1857 the first to settle near the present Oakland, which was named after John Oak in 1863.

See also

 List of rivers of Nebraska

References

External links

Rivers of Nebraska
Rivers of Cedar County, Nebraska
Rivers of Dixon County, Nebraska
Rivers of Thurston County, Nebraska
Rivers of Cuming County, Nebraska
Rivers of Burt County, Nebraska
Rivers of Dodge County, Nebraska
Rivers of Wayne County, Nebraska


title: Animosity (film)

text:
Animosity is a 2013 horror thriller film written and directed by Brendan Steere. It had its world premiere on May 13, 2013, and stars Tracy Willet and Marcin Paluch as two newlyweds who discover a sinister presence in the woods.

Premise
Mike (Marcin Paluch) and Carrie (Tracy Willet) Bonner are newly wed and have decided to move into a house set deep into a quiet and secluded forest. Carrie is unnerved by a series of strange encounters with others living in the area, encounters that her husband dismisses as nothing to worry about. She is horrified when she witnesses a violent event and becomes convinced that the area is home to sinister supernatural powers.

Cast
Marcin Paluch as Mike Bonner
Tracy Willet as Carrie Bonner
Thea McCartan as Lauren
Tom Martin as Carl Hampton
Stephan Goldbach as Tom
Alyssa Kempinski as Nicole
Matt Ziegel as Joe
Michelle Jones as Erin
Rob O'Rourke as Boy

Reception
Fangoria gave Animosity three skulls and praised the movie for its use of the film's setting, while the McPherson Sentinel commented that while they did enjoy the movie overall "the first third of the film is very rough". TVQC rated the movie highly and compared it favorably to Blue Ruin and Cold in July. Bloody Disgusting was mixed and gave the movie two skulls, stating that the movie could very well improve with repeated viewings and that they would write a new review if this was the case, but that they left the theater "feeling worn out and unsatisfied."

Awards
 Dreamer Award for Best Horror Film at the Buffalo Dreams Fantastic Film Festival (2013, won)
 Dreamer Award for Best Actress at the Buffalo Dreams Fantastic Film Festival (2013, won - Tracy Willet)

References

External links

 Indie GoGo campaign
 SVA Dustys 2013: Q&A with the Director of ‘Animosity’

2013 films
2013 horror films
2010s English-language films


title: Sher (film)

text:
Sher () is a 2015 Indian Telugu-language action film directed by Mallikarjun. The film stars Kalyan Ram, Sonal Chauhan, Vikramjeet Virk  and Mukesh Rishi. The film revolves around Gautham, a young man who disrupts a gangster's wedding and eventually finds his loved ones threatened. Featuring a soundtrack composed by S. Thaman, the film was released theatrically on 30 October 2015 to a negative critical reception and commercial failure.

Plot
Pappi is a criminal who's about to marry a girl against a will, until Gautam arrives on a bike and takes her away. They're chased, but Gautam manages to marry the girl to the man she likes. Enraged, Pappi threatens to torture Gautam's family as a form of revenge, but the latter mocks and warns him in turn. Nandini is a photographer who falls for Gautam upon seeing him prevent the tricolor from falling down. However, she hasn't seen him and it's only the tattoo on his hands through which she recognizes him. With passing time, they meet and fall for each other, before Pappi meets Nandini's father Bharat Chandra and convinces him for his marriage to her in exchange for a promotion. Paapi invites his father Dada, a Kolkata-based criminal, to attend his engagement, while Nandini tells about this to Gautam, who meets Bharat and makes a deal with him: Gautam asks him for his gun and the list of Dada and his gang members so that he can kill them and Bharat can take responsibility for the "encounter killings". Bharat agrees and Gautam kills his first target Babbar, Dada's right hand. Afraid that Dada might kill Bharat if he takes the responsibility for Babbar's encounter, he decides to announce it publicly after Gautam kills Dada in the future. Following Babbar's death, Pappi's engagement is stopped and he receives a DVD in which terrorists take responsibility for Babbar's murder. He nevertheless decides to marry Nandini within the next 30 days.

Gautam and his partner Brahmi are taken hostage by Pappi who makes them stay in their house. Gautam and Nandini conspire to convince Pappi to postpone the marriage, but instead he prepones it and informs Dada about his marriage. Dada scolds him, and tells him that his brother Chotu has arrived in the city and taken Babbar's corpse for forensic tests. Learning this, Gautam and Brahmi wear masks and beat up Chotu, who arrives at Pappi's house and stops the marriage. He then recalls one of the attackers had a tattoo on their right hand but is unable to understand the language it was written in (Telugu). Later,  Dr. Kanakarathnam arrives with an image from Babbar's corpse's retina. However, it turns out to be an image of one of the superstars in whose disguise Gautam and Brahmi had beaten up Chotu. It is then revealed that due to being tortured, the doctor had joined hands with Gautam and also erased the tattoo from his hand.

Pappi becomes disillusioned by the constant hindrances and decides to call off the wedding. Worried about his deal with Bharat, Gautam introduces a "Lungi" Baba who tells Pappi that he can marry but first he must invite his father Dada and uncle Chotta. As Chotta arrives, Gauatam attacks and  kills him along with his henchmen. Gautam's father, Raghuram sees him kill Chotta, and Gautam tells him that he did it because when had gone to Kolkata to attend his younger brother Ajay's chess competition, his brother won it but got killed by Dada when he was found filming them killing a man. His mother was injured severely by them too and thus admitted to a hospital where she told Gautam to kill Dada and his men, but since he knew nothing about them, he went back to the spot where his brother died and through his phone viewed the recording. Upon finalizing his targets, he met Bharat and made the deal which was actually for revenge. He couldn't tell his father about this fearing he might get shattered. They then go to meet Gautam's mother, following which Dada calls Gautam and tells him he knew about him through a CCTV recording of the spot where Ajay died. Gautam arrives on the spot where Nandini has been held hostage and  in the ensuing fight kills Chotu, Dada and many of his henchmen. Brahmi meets and hands over the proof of murders to Bharat, who calls the home minister and tells him he found the killer with proof. Hearing this, Brahmi flees away, while Pappi gathers a few more henchmen and is stopped by Lungi Baba who asks him whether he wants to marry or die. He says he wants to marry, and goes along with him.

Cast

 Nandamuri Kalyan Ram as Gautam
 Sonal Chauhan as Nandini
 Vikramjeet Virk as Pappi
 Mukesh Rishi as Dadha
 Ashish Vidyarthi as Chotta
 Raghu Babu as Raghu Police Commissioner
 Sayaji Shinde as IPS Bharath Chandra
 Brahmanandam as Bramhi/Gautam
 Ali as Dr. Kanakarathnam
 Shafi as Chotu
 M. S. Narayana as Lungi Baba
 Posani Krishna Murali as Dadha's assistant
 Sravan as Babbar
 Rao Ramesh as Raghuram, Gautam's father
 Rohini as Gautam's mother
 Master Gaurav as Ajay
 Sudigali Sudheer as Pradeep
 Prudhvi Raj as Pappi's uncle
 Fish Venkat as Pappi's henchman
 Prabhas Sreenu as Pappi's henchman
 Raghu Karumanchi as Pappi's henchman
 Thagubothu Ramesh as Drunkard
 Ram Prasad
 Getup Seenu
 Racha Ravi
 Nora Fatehi as an item number "Napere Pinky"

Production

Soundtrack
The Music was composed by S. Thaman and released by Junglee Music on 10 October 2015.

Critical reception
123Telugu gave it 2.75 stars out of 5, praising Kalyan Ram's performance, Thaman's music and the first half, while criticizing the second half and lack of emotions.
Times of India gave it 2 stars out of 5, praising the shorter running time while criticizing the overall execution. Fullhyd gave it 1 star out of 5, criticizing the technical aspects and writing.

Release
Makers announces the release date as 30 October 2015.

References

External links

2015 films
2010s Telugu-language films
Films scored by Thaman S
Indian action films
2015 masala films
Films shot in Thailand
Films shot in Hyderabad, India
Films shot in Rajasthan
Films about Indian weddings
Indian films about revenge
2015 action films


title: Aerolineas Mundo

text:
Aerolineas Mundo S.A. (also known as AMSA) was a cargo airline that operated from 1986 to 1993 out of Las Americas International Airport in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic.

History
AMSA began as Air Mar Freighters in 1986, the creation of businessmen William Bailes Bachi and Filippo Deplana. AMSA flew various aircraft during its lifetime, including the C-54, DC-7, C-121, L-1049 and C-46.

Incidents and accidents
AMSA's co-owner, William Bailes Bachi, was killed in April 1990 when one of AMSA's aircraft had a ditching accident off Miami.
On February 3, 1992, a C-54 of the airline had a runway collision at Rafael Hernandez Airport in Aguadilla, Puerto Rico with a Lockheed Super Constellation, suffering a fire and being damaged beyond repair.

References

External links

Defunct cargo airlines
Airlines established in 1986
Airlines disestablished in 1993
1986 establishments in the Dominican Republic
Defunct airlines of the Dominican Republic
1993 disestablishments in the Dominican Republic


title: Dulal Baruah

text:
Dulal Chandra Baruah (1 January 1932 - 4 October 2008) was a politician from Assam and Janata Dal (United) state unit President. He was deputy chief minister and PWD minister in Government of Assam headed by Golap Borbora in 1979. He was a Member of Assam Legislative Assembly for Jorhat and Charaibahi.

Early life and education
Baruah was born on 1 January 1932, the son of the late Jogendra Nath Baruah. He had a B.A from 1957. He was educated at Dhakuakhana, Cotton College, Gauhati and St Anthony’s College, Shillong.

Early career
Barua was appointed a secret agent of the Congress organisation for passing secret and important messages in 1942. He represented All India Student Congress, New Delhi in 1947. He entered government service in 1951 and resigned in 1960 to join post graduate classes.

Political career
Baruah was an independent candidate in the 1962 Assam Legislative Assembly election. He received 7848 votes and won the Jorhat seat. He served until the 1967 Assam Legislative Assembly election where he did not seek reelection in Jorhat. He was succeeded by J. Saikia.

In the 1972 Assam Legislative Assembly election, Baruah sought the newly established constituency of Charaibahi as an independent candidate. Baruah received 13082 votes, 50.33% of the total vote. He defeated his nearest opponent an Indian National Congress Candidate, by 3208 votes. He served until the 1978 Assam Legislative Assembly election, when the constituency was later abolished. He instead sought in the 1978 Assam Legislative Assembly Election the Jorhat seat as a Janata Party candidate. He received 22530 votes, 53.88% of the total vote. He defeated his nearest opponent by 14963 votes and became the MLA for Jorhat again.

Baruah was made Deputy Chief Minister of Assam under Chief Minister Golap Borbora as well as being the PWD minister. He served until 1979. He did not seek reelection in Jorhat in the 1983 Assam Legislative Assembly election.

He joined BJP in 1999 at the behest of Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee after being promised a ticket but was later denied this due to him being a newcomer in 2004. He resigned from the party and later joined AGP, he was then made the AGP candidate for the Jorhat Lok Sabha constituency but lost.

Death
Suffering from cancer, he died on 4 October 2008 in a private hospital in Mumbai and was survived by his daughter and two sons. His wife had predeceased him.

References

2008 deaths
Deputy chief ministers of Assam
Janata Party politicians
Janata Dal (United) politicians
Asom Gana Parishad politicians
Bharatiya Janata Party politicians from Assam
1929 births
Assam MLAs 1962–1967
Assam MLAs 1972–1978
Assam MLAs 1978–1983


title: The City Dark

text:
The City Dark is a documentary film by filmmaker Ian Cheney about light pollution. It won the Best Score/Music Award at the 2011 SXSW Film Festival and was nominated for at the 34th News & Documentary Emmy Awards.

References

External links

Documentary films about environmental issues
>
Films directed by Ian Cheney
POV (TV series) films
2011 films
2011 documentary films
2010s American films


title: School cricket in Sri Lanka

text:
Cricket was introduced in Sri Lanka during the 19th century by the British. A Sri Lankan school was the first to play cricket in 1864, primarily against small clubs. With the arrival of English cricketer Ashley Walker and the founding of Royal College, Colombo, Sri Lanka's first inter-school match took place between St. Thomas' College, Matale and Royal College in 1880. An annual match, known as the Battle of the Blues, was held.

The sport became popular in British Empire colonies, including Ceylon (present-day Sri Lanka). St. Thomas' College, Matara and Royal College, Colombo began to play cricket, and large schools in Kandy, Galle, Matara, and Jaffna have included cricket in their sports programs; it gradually became Sri Lanka's most popular sport. The Sri Lankan government recognized cricket as a national sport and enacted infrastructure projects for it. Schools were financially encouraged to offer cricket programs, helping to provide national teams to represent Sri Lanka at the international level.

Governance

Sri Lanka Cricket

Sri Lanka Cricket (SLC), formerly known as the Board of Control for Cricket in Sri Lanka (BCCSL), is the sport's national governing body. With the expansion of school cricket in Sri Lanka, it became necessary for SLC to work with a separate association in activities relevant to school cricket.

Sri Lanka Schools Cricket Association

A group of school principals devised the idea for the Sri Lanka Schools Cricket Association (SLSCA) in 1930. Wesley College, Colombo principal J. S. Carter helped form the association in 1948, and was its first president. The SLSCA organizes island-wide, interscholastic tournaments and appoints officers at the scholastic level, providing a platform for players and teams to gain recognition by hosting age-group (U13 to U19) tournaments.

SLSCA interscholastic tournaments

The SLSCA conducts tournaments in accordance with the Laws of Cricket and the International Cricket Council (ICC). Its tournament committee has full authority on all matters relating to games. All SLSCA-affiliated schools are eligible to participate in association tournaments.

School and tournament categories
School Cricket is divided by age into four leagues:  U13 (under 13 years old), U15 (13 to 15-year-olds), U17 (15 to 17-year-olds), and U19 (17 to 19-year-olds). According to a team's ranking in its age group, each league has three divisions: I, II, and III. Tournaments are held annually on a fixed schedule, and usually last for several months.

U19

U19 divisions I and II begin their tournaments in September, continuing until the end of February. Division III plays two-day league matches from September to the end of January.

U17 and U15

U17 and U15 tournaments begin around May (after the U19 season), and continue until August.

U13

U13 tournaments begin around September, after the U17 and U15 seasons.

Promotion and demotion

U19

The top two Division II teams, with the highest average points at the main tournament, are promoted to Division I. The Division III champion and runner-up, decided by a knock-out tournament, are eligible for Division II. Tournaments are held in Divisions I and II for the three schools in each division with the lowest average points in two-day tournaments. The two schools with the lowest average points are demoted one division (Division I schools to Division II, and Division II schools to Division III).

U17 and 15

The two teams from Divisions I and II which rank last in the points table are demoted to Divisions II and III, respectively, and the two top teams in Divisions II and III are promoted to Divisions I and II.

Participation

Under 19: In 2013-14, there were 37 schools in Division I, 29 in Division II, and 142 in Division III.
Under 17: In 2013-14, there were 77 schools in Division I, 32 in Division II, and 150 in Division III.
Under 15: There are 80 schools in Division I, 73 in Division II, and 432 in Division III.

Under 19 championships

The most prestigious U19 tournament is the one-day provincial tournament, with major teams from Kandy, Colombo, and Dambulla. Galle has a two-day league tournament with group matches in all three divisions. The two teams which top the points table in Divisions I and II are declared champions, and a Division III champion is not selected.

Thirty Division I, 14 Division II, and four Division III teams play a two-day limited overs tournament. The 48 teams play 12 first-round group matches (12 groups), and the 12 group leaders and four best runners-up play knock-out matches in the final round for the championship. In addition to this tournament, a knock-out game is played by teams completing five matches in the Division III two-day tournament to select the champion of that division.

References

High school cricket
History of Sri Lankan cricket


title: Ayub Khoso

text:
Ayub Khoso (; born 1959) is a Pakistani actor of film and TV. With a career spanning more than three decades - mostly in television - Khoso is a well-known name in Pakistan. He is known for his roles in films like Khuda Kay Liye.

Early life

Khoso was born to a Pashtun mother and a Baloch father. He began his acting career in school. His first appearance on TV was the drama Chaon that was telecast from PTV Quetta Centre.

He is a graduate of the University of Balochistan. He is fluent in Balochi, Pashto, Brahui, Sindhi, Urdu and English.

Career

Television Dramas

  Shantul (1994)
  Zanjeer (2000)
 Mahnoor (2004)
  Sassi (2005)
  Sadori (2006)
  Shela Bagh (2008)
 Mehmaan Nawaz (2016)
 Sham Se Pehlay (2016)
 Rasmein (2017–18)
 Rubaru Tha Ishq (2018)

Filmography

Awards and nominations

Tribute

In 2011 the Pakistan National Council of Arts dedicated an evening to Khoso in recognition for his contribution to the television industry in Pakistan. A play titled Main kaun hoon (Who am I) was screened to showcase his work. The play was directed by Shoaib Khaliq and acted by Khoso himself.

Political career
Ayub Khoso contested on a Pakistan Peoples Party ticket from the PS-101(Karachi East-III) seat in the 2018 Pakistan general elections. In the election, he secured 5121 votes and lost from Firdous Naqvi of Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf.

References

External links

Living people
Pakistani dramatists and playwrights
Pakistani male film actors
Pakistani television hosts
Pakistani male television actors
20th-century Pakistani male actors
21st-century Pakistani male actors
Baloch people
University of Balochistan alumni
PTV Award winners
Baloch male actors
1959 births


title: Mount Sarakura

text:
is a  mountain in Yahatahigashi-ku, Kitakyūshū, Fukuoka, Japan. This mountain is a part of Kitakyūshū Quasi-National Park.

Outline
Mount Sarakura is one of the major peaks of the Hobashira Mountains, and the most popular peak for visitors on the mountains. The Sarakurayama Cable Car and Sarakurayama Slope Car allow visitors to travel to the top from Yahata. A short walk from the slope car station are several buildings that house transmitters for TV and radio stations that serve Kitakyushu and the surrounding area.

There is an observation platform that is visited by tourists as it provides views of Kitakyushu's "10 Million Dollar Night View" (one of the New Three Major Night Views of Japan). (新日本三大夜景) in 2003.

Gallery

See also
Hobashira Cable

References

External links

Kitakyushu City official site (in English)
Mount Sarakura - Fukuoka Prefectute Sightseeing Information (in English)

Mountains of Fukuoka Prefecture
Kitakyushu
Tourist attractions in Kitakyushu


title: 2003 Bolsover District Council election

text:
The 2003 Bolsover District Council election took place on 1 May 2003 to elect members of Bolsover District Council in Derbyshire, England. The whole council was up for election after boundary changes and the Labour party stayed in overall control of the council.

Election result
Labour won 31 of the 37 seats on the council to keep a 25-seat majority on the council. Of the other 6 seats, 4 were won by independents, while the remaining 2 seats were taken by the Whitwell Residents Association, which won both seats in Whitwell ward. Overall turnout at the election was about 30%, reaching a high of 42.4% in Elmton-with-Creswell.

Ward results

References

2003
2003 English local elections
2000s in Derbyshire


title: Loew's State Theatre (New York City)

text:
Loew's State Theatre was a movie theater at 1540 Broadway on Times Square in New York City. Designed by Thomas Lamb in the Adam style, it opened on August 29, 1921, as part of a 16-story office building for the Loew's Theatres company, with a seating capacity of 3,200 and featuring both vaudeville and films. It was the first theater on Broadway to cost $1 million.  It was initially managed by Joseph Vogel, who later became president of Loew's Inc. and then MGM.

For several years it was a second-run theater featuring live acts and a feature (most often an MGM film that would have premiered at the Astor Theatre before having its initial run at the Capitol, both Loew's movie houses located just a few blocks from the State), although it also had frequent personal appearances and short subjects.

Loew's became the last theater in Times Square to continue booking vaudeville acts as that medium declined in the 1930s; when it hosted its last vaudeville show on December 23, 1947, sentimental goodbyes were made from the stage in recognition of the end of an era.

In March 1959 the theater completed an $850,000 remodeling that reduced the number of seats from 3,316 to 1,885 but made them wider and increased the space between rows. The proscenium arch also was eliminated and a wide-screen projector was installed to permit the showing of CinemaScope and VistaVision (but not Cinerama) motion pictures. The interior was redecorated using a beige-on-gold palette. The remodeled theater reopened with the New York premiere of Some Like It Hot, with Marilyn Monroe in attendance.

The theater held several world premieres including The Three Musketeers (1948), Annie Get Your Gun (1950), Ben-Hur (1959), Becket (1964), and Doctor Dolittle (1967).

The cinema was split into two in 1968 with the former balcony re-opening on December 18, 1968, as the State II with 1,214 seats with the U.S. premiere of Chitty Chitty Bang Bang. The orchestra was renamed State I with 1,172 seats. In March 1972, State I held the world premiere of The Godfather, which also opened the following day at State II. The theater was sold to developer Bruce Eichner in 1986. It closed on February 19, 1987, and was replaced by the Bertelsmann Building.

References

Broadway (Manhattan)
Cinemas and movie theaters in Manhattan
Loew's Theatres buildings and structures
Theater District, Manhattan
Theatres in Manhattan


title: Stephen Skehill

text:
Stephen Skehill is an Australian lawyer and public servant. Between 1994 and 1998 he was Secretary of the Australian Government Attorney-General's Department. He is currently ethics adviser to the ACT Legislative Assembly.

Life and career
Skehill first joined the Australian Public Service in 1970, in the Department of Labour and National Service.

Between 1970 and 1984, he worked in a range of agencies including the Department of Business and Consumer Affairs, the Trade Practices Commission and the Department of Social Security.

He was appointed a Deputy Secretary of the Attorney-General's Department in 1989, having previously been the First Assistant Secretary of Corporate Services for the Department. In 1994, he became Secretary of the Department, replacing Alan Rose.

In 2011, he was engaged by the Department of Finance and Deregulation to lead a review of small and medium agencies in the Attorney-General's portfolio. In response to the review, which came to be known as the Skehill Review, federal courts adopted a comprehensive shared services model and some functions were merged.

In 2008, Skehill was appointed ethics and integrity advisor to the ACT Legislative Assembly, a new role. In 2014 in the role, Skehill recommended a register and code of ethics for lobbyists in the ACT. He has also been available part-time to provide ethics and integrity advice to MLAs.

References

Living people
Australian public servants
Year of birth missing (living people)


title: Operation Barkhane

text:
Operation Barkhane was a counterinsurgency operation that started on 1 August 2014 and formally ended on 9 November 2022. It was led by the French military against Islamist groups in Africa's Sahel region. and consisted of a roughly 3,000-strong French force, which was permanently headquartered in N'Djamena, the capital of Chad. The operation was led in co-operation with five countries, all of which are former French colonies that span the Sahel: Burkina Faso, Chad, Mali, Mauritania, and Niger. Mali was a part of the operation until August 2022. The countries are collectively referred to as the "G5 Sahel". The operation was named after a crescent-shaped dune type that is common in the Sahara desert.

The French military initially intervened in Mali in early 2013 as part of Operation Serval, which successfully regained the northern half of the country from Islamist groups. Operation Barkhane is intended to follow up to that success and has expanded the French military's operations over a vast area of the Sahel region. The operation has the stated aim of helping the countries' governments to maintain control of their territory and preventing the region from becoming a safe haven for Islamist terrorist groups that plan to attack France and Europe.

On 24 May 2021, the 2021 Malian coup d'état was carried out by Vice President Assimi Goïta. French President Emmanuel Macron announced in June 2021 that the operation would soon end and French forces would pull out in a phased manner, due to France's inability to work with the national governments in the Sahel region. He however added that French forces would remain in the region as part of a larger international mission. The operation was later scheduled to end by the first quarter of 2022.

France began withdrawing its troops from Mali on 17 February 2022.  Macron announced that the base of Barkhane will shift to Niger. The military junta ruling Mali however asked France to withdraw without delay on 18 March, with Macron responding that they would withdraw over the next four to six months. French forces fully withdrew from Mali on 15 August. The French military stated that the operation was not ending, but being reformulated. However on 9 November, Macron announced the end of Operation Barkhane.

Background
As part of the fallout from the Libyan Civil War, instability in northern Mali caused by a Tuareg rebellion against the central Malian government was exploited by Islamist groups who gained control over the northern half of the country. In response, France launched a military operation in January 2013 to stop the Islamist offensive from toppling the Malian government and to re-capture northern Mali. The operation, codenamed Operation Serval, ended in the complete re-capture of all Islamist held territory by the operation's conclusion on 15 July 2014.

Following the end of Operation Serval, France recognised the need to provide stability in the wider Sahel region by helping the region's various governments combat terrorism. The former French Defense Minister, Jean-Yves Le Drian, said that France recognised that "there still is a major risk that jihadists develop in the area that runs from the Horn of Africa to Guinea-Bissau." Therefore, Operation Barkhane was launched in order to assure the Sahel nations' security, and in effect France's security. The operation is the successor of Operation Serval, the French military mission in Mali, and Operation Epervier, the mission in Chad.

Aim
The operation aims "to become the French pillar of counterterrorism in the Sahel region". According to French Defence Minister, Jean-Yves Le Drian, the main objective of Operation Barkhane is counter-terrorism: "The aim is to prevent what I call the highway of all forms of traffics to become a place of permanent passage, where jihadist groups between Libya and the Atlantic Ocean can rebuild themselves, which would lead to serious consequences for our security." The concept of 'partnership' has been emphasised to explain the deployment of the French troops. The main objective of the French military intervention is the direct support of the G5 Sahel forces, through training and the introduction of new technologies and resources.
Former French President, François Hollande, has said the Barkhane force will allow for a "rapid and efficient intervention in the event of a crisis" in the region. The operation will target Islamist extremists in Mali, Chad, and Niger, and will have a mandate to operate across borders.

Forces committed

French forces
The French force was initially a 3,000-strong counter-terrorism force, with 1,000 soldiers deployed indefinitely in Mali. These soldiers were to be focused on counter-terrorism operations in northern Mali, with another 1,200 soldiers stationed in Chad, and the remaining soldiers split between a surveillance base in Niger, a bigger permanent base in Ivory Coast, and some special forces in Burkina Faso.
According to original plans, the French forces were supplied with 20 helicopters, 200 armored vehicles, 10 transport aircraft, 6 fighter planes, and 3 drones. French Army Aviation currently have two Aérospatiale SA 330 Pumas in Chad.

The division of labor between France and the G5 Sahel has been established by four permanent military bases: (1) headquarters and an air force base in the Chadian capital of N'Djamena (under the leadership of French Général Palasset); (2) a regional base in Gao, north Mali, with at least 1,000 men; (3) a special-forces base in Burkina Faso's capital, Ouagadougou; (4) an intelligence base in Niger's capital, Niamey, with over 300 men. The Niamey airbase is strategically important because it hosts drones in charge of gathering intelligence across the entire Sahel-Saharan region. From Niamey, France's troops are supported by two German Transall C-160s. In 2020, France stated that it will deploy 600 soldiers in addition to the existing force to fight the Islamist militants in Africa's Sahel.

The aviation support is provided the French Groupement Tactique Désert-Aérocombat.

British support

In March 2016, during the UK-France Summit in Paris, the British government announced that it would consider providing support to Operation Barkhane. British Defence Secretary Michael Fallon then announced that the UK would provide monthly strategic airlift support to French forces in Africa. In July 2018, three RAF Chinook helicopters arrived in Mali to provide logistical and troop movement support to French and other military forces operating in the area. This deployment is in addition to the 90 British troops already deployed in the region. In September 2018, Forces.net reported that to date the RAF Chinooks Mk5s have made 30 sorties, transporting over 700 French troops, supplies and 70 tons of equipment across Mali. In July 2020, the British Ministry of Defence announced that nearly 250 British Army troops would train and deploy to Mali to serve as a long-range reconnaissance force for United Nations forces.

Estonia
On 22 March 2018, the Ministry of Defence of Estonia announced its intention to commit up to 50 troops and 5 Pasi XA-188 armoured vehicles to Mali as part of Operation Barkhane, to be based in Gao, pending approval by the Riigikogu. The unit, named ESTPLA-26 and headed by Maj. Kristjan Karist, was detached from the C Infantry Company of the Scouts Battalion on 6 August, and arrived in Mali that same week to be stationed at the French military base in Gao. In November 2019, Estonia increased its Operation Barkhane troop deployment to 95 soldiers.

Sweden
The Swedish contribution to Barkhane via Task Force Takuba arrived in Mali during February 2021. The Swedish troop contribution to Task Force Takuba is a 150-man strong helicopter-borne rapid-response force, centered around an SOG task unit and supported by three UH-60M helicopters and one C-130, ready to be deployed if something unforeseen occurs. The task force will also be used for other operations, as for example to support other countries that exercise and conduct operations with the Malian army.

On 14 January 2022, the Swedish Ministry of Foreign Affairs expressed Sweden's intention to withdraw Swedish forces from the European special forces mission in Sahel and reevaluate Swedish involvement in United Nations task force in Mali.

Operations

2014–2015: Beginning of Barkhane and insurgents regroup

Operations commenced 1 August 2014. French Forces sustained their first casualty during a battle in early November 2014, which also resulted in 24 jihadists dead.  On 24 November, a French special forces soldier was killed in a Caracal helicopter crash in Burkina Faso. French forces experienced their first major success of Barkhane in December 2014 with the killing of Ahmed al-Tilemsi, the leader of the Al-Mourabitoun jihadist group, by French special forces during a raid in the deserts of northern Mali.

From 7 to 14 April 2015, French and Nigerien forces carried out an airborne operation in the far north of Niger to search for Jihadists. As part of the operation, 90 French Army paratroopers of the 2e REP jumped near the Salvador pass. Two soldiers were injured during the jump before they were joined by a joint force of Nigerien and French soldiers from the 1st Parachute Hussar Regiment (1er RHP).

On 26 November 2015, a French Air Parachute Commando died in hospital in France as a result of his injuries after being hit by an anti-tank mine on 13 October near Tessalit during a reconnaissance mission.

2016–2017: Insurgency intensifies
French soldiers based in Mali as part of the Army Special Forces Command were rapidly deployed to Burkina Faso on 15 January 2016 after jihadists launched a terrorist attack on Ouagadougou which killed 30 people. In February, French forces killed a number of insurgent fighters in the north of Mali, including a number of high ranking foreign jihadists from AQIM.

On 12 April 2016, three French soldiers were killed when their armored personnel carrier struck a land mine. The convoy of about 60 vehicles was travelling to the northern desert town of Tessalit when it hit the mine. Another French soldier was killed on 4 November 2016 following the explosion of a mine near the town of Abeïbara, which made 2016 the deadliest year up to that point for French forces participating in Barkhane.

On 15 March 2017, French forces arrested eight jihadists in the desert north of Timbuktu.
On 5 April 2017, master corporal Julien Barbé, was killed in action near Hombori after an explosive device blew up an armoured vehicle. He was posthumously made a knight of the Legion of Honour. Heavy fighting between French forces and Jihadist groups continued into the summer of 2017, with 8 French soldiers being wounded by a mortar attack on their base in Timbuktu on 1 June. On the night of 17 June, France suffered its tenth soldier killed during an airborne operation in the north-east of Mali.

On 4 October 2017, French forces operating as part of Barkhane were the first to respond to the ambush of American soldiers searching for an Islamic State commander on the Niger-Mali border. French air support was requested by the Americans and two hours later Mirage fighter jets arrived from Niamey. Despite the French pilots being unable to engage ground targets due to the proximity of friendly forces, the jets deterrence was enough to end the ambush. A French special forces team were the first ground forces to reach the scene of the ambush, 3–4 hours after the firefight which resulted in the death of 4 American Green Berets.

On 14 October 2017, an Antonov An-26 aircraft operating in support of Operation Barkhane crashed shortly before landing at Félix Houphouët Boigny International Airport, Abidjan, Ivory Coast. Four Moldovan flight crew were killed. Two Moldovan flight crew and four French Army soldiers were injured.

2018–2020: Increased violence across the Sahel and French troop surge

A French Army convoy was attacked on 11 January 2018, by a suicide car bomb while driving between the towns of Idelimane and Menaka. Three French soldiers were wounded, one seriously, in the attack which was later claimed by Islamic State in the Greater Sahara. On 14 February, a French airstrike killed at least 10 Jihadists at the border between Algeria and Mali. Two French soldiers from the 1st Spahi Regiment were killed and the Colonel-in-chief was wounded on 21 February when the armoured vehicle they were travelling in struck a mine between the towns of Gao and Menaka.

On 14 April 2018, JNIM militants launched an attack on a UN base in Timbuktu, wounding several French soldiers before being repelled by French, Malian and American troops. Four French soldiers were seriously wounded by a suicide car bomb attack against a joint French-Malian patrol in Gao on 1 July 2018. The attack, which heavily damaged a number of French VBCIs, also killed 4 civilians and seriously wounded 27 others.

On 22 February 2019, French forces backed by an armed reaper drone and a helicopter attacked a JNIM convoy killing 11 militants including senior leader Yahia Abou el Hamman in the Tombouctou Region of Mali. A militant improvised explosive device struck a French armoured vehicle carrying out an anti-terrorist operation in the Mopti Region on 2 April, killing one French soldier and seriously wounding another. Two French commandos of the Commandos Marine were killed on 9 May in the North of Burkina Faso during a rescue mission which successfully rescued four hostages, included two Frenchmen, and an American and South Korean woman, who had been kidnapped by Islamists.

In mid-June 2019, a French Army Light Aviation Gazelle helicopter crashed in the border region between Mali and Niger after being fired upon by insurgent small arms fire. The two pilots and a special forces sniper were subsequently rescued by another helicopter after destroying the damaged helicopter. The French military base in Gao was assaulted by suicide bombers on 22 July in an attack that wounded 6 Estonian soldiers and a similar number of French personnel. A French soldier was killed on 2 November 2019 when his vehicle was struck by an improvised explosive device during a patrol near Menaka in eastern Mali. French commandos launched a heli-borne raid later that month on an insurgent camp in Mali's eastern regions, which resulted in five insurgents killed and one French soldier being seriously injured.

On 25 November 2019, 13 French soldiers were killed in northern Mali when two French helicopters, a 'Tigre' and a 'Cougar', collided in mid-air while flying to reinforce soldiers engaged in combat with insurgents. The loss of 13 soldiers was the heaviest loss of life for the French military since the 1983 Beirut barracks bombings.

On 21 December 2019, the French military killed 40 militants in an operation in the Mopti Region of Mali. The area where the operation took place was controlled by Macina Liberation Front and it involved France's first ever use of a drone strike which accounted for 7 of the 40 killed insurgents.

The French Defense Minister Florence Parly announced in February 2020 that France would send an additional 600 troops to the Sahel region, bolstering Operation Barkhanes' force to 5,100 troops. The first contingent of these reinforcements was 200 French Army paratroopers from the 2e REP who were transported to Niger and formed a battle group called Desert Tactical Grouping (GTD) "Altor". This battle group operated autonomously and without a base on the ground for over a month, receiving supplies only by airdrop. GTD Altor killed over a dozen insurgents and disrupted their logistics throughout their initial month-long operation.

Two soldiers from the 1st Foreign Cavalry Regiment (1er REC) were seriously wounded when their vehicle struck an IED during operations against insurgents on 23 April 2020; one of the soldier subsequently died from his wounds. On 4 May 2020, a second soldier from the 1er REC was killed in action near Gao during a firefight with an insurgent force.

On 3 June, French forces achieved one of their most significant successes of Operation Barkhane with the killing of Abdelmalek Droukdel, the leader of Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM). French and American intelligence sources had identified Droukdel's presence in a group crossing the Algerian-Malian border approximately 80 kilometres east of the town of Tessalit. French special forces subsequently conducted an air assault to intercept the group during which they shot and killed Droukdel and a number of other militants.

A French soldier from the 1st Parachute Hussar Regiment (1er RHP) was killed during combat operations in Mali on 23 July 2020 when an improvised explosive device was triggered next to his armoured vehicle. Two further paratroopers from the 1er RHP were killed on 5 September 2020 by an improvised explosive device which struck their vehicle during an operation in the north of Mali. On 31 October 2020, French special Forces launched an operation near the town of Boulikessi near the border of Mali and Burkina Faso, 50 jihadists were killed and four were captured. On 10 November 2020, Ba Ag Moussa, Emir of Jama'at Nasr al-Islam wal Muslimin, along with 4 other militants were killed in an attack carried out by French Special forces. On 12 November 2020, French Mountains commandos operating under Barkhane killed 30 jihadists in Central Mali. On 30 November 2020, insurgents launched a coordinated attack on three separate French military bases in Kidal, Menaka and Gao in northern Mali using indirect rocket fire but French forces reported no casualties as a result of the attacks. A French military convoy consisting of the 1er Régiment de Chasseurs (1er RCh) was struck by two IED blasts in quick succession on 28 December 2020 during an operation in the Hombori region in central Mali, resulting in the death of three soldiers.

2021–2022: French withdrawal
On 2 January 2021, two French soldiers from the 2nd Hussar Regiment (2e RH) were killed while taking part in an intelligence gathering mission in northeastern Mali. Six French soldiers were wounded on 10 January when a suicide bomber attacked their convoy during a patrol in the central region near Gourma. French and Malian forces conducted a joint offensive operation named  from 2 to 20 January in the forests surrounding the town of Boni. Over 100 jihadists were killed and 20 captured by French forces during the course of Operation Eclipse.

French forces carried out a controversial airstrike during the course of Operation Eclipse which locals claimed targeted a wedding ceremony in the village of Bounti, in the central Mopti region, on 3 January. The French military denied these claims and asserted that the strike had successfully targeted a group of jihadist fighters.

France announced it had suspended joint military operations with Mali on 3 June, in response to the coup d'état carried out by the Malian military, resulting in the deposition of the interim president Bah Ndaw and Prime Minister Moctar Ouane in May.

The president of France Emmanuel Macron announced on 10 June that the operation would soon be coming to an end and instead be replaced by a mission involving forces from more countries. He also added that the French forces will withdraw in a phased manner, but some will remain as part of another international mission, for which France would convince other countries to join. As to the reason for the withdrawal, he stated that France could not continue to work with the national governments in the Sahel region, as they were negotiating with terrorists.

On 2 July, France announced that it would resume its suspended joint military operations with Mali, following discussions with the interim government of the country.

On 9 July, Macron stated that France will withdraw between 2,500–3,000 troops from the Sahel, while retaining other troops to thwart militant operations and supporting regional forces. On 13 July, he announced that Barkhane would end in the first quarter of 2022.

On 15 September, Macron announced that Barkhane forces had killed Adnan Abu Walid al-Sahrawi, the leader of Islamic State in the Greater Sahara. The assassination was conducted on 17 August using a drone in the Dangalous Forest of Mali near the border with Niger, according to the Chief of the Defence Staff Thierry Burkhard, after gathering information on locations where al-Sahrawi was likely to hide from captured IS-GS members. Burkhard added that al-Sahrawi was travelling on a motorcycle with another person when he was killed. A unit comprising 20 soldiers of the French Army's special forces was then sent to confirm the identities of those killed and found that the strike had killed ten IS-GS members.

On 24 September, a French soldier was killed in an armed clash with insurgents in Mali, close to the border with Burkina Faso.

As of 2021, Operation Barkhane cost about €1 billion per year.

On 11 February, the French Army anncounced that it killed 40 militants in airstrikes on a motorcycle column in the W National Park area in cooperation with the Burkinabe forces on the previous day. The militants had carried out two armed attacks in Benin on 8 and 9 February, killing nine people.

France along with its European allies announced the beginning of the withdrawal of troops from Mali on 17 February, blaming the military junta of Mali for obstructions in carrying out their military operations. France stated that the withdrawal was meant for its soldiers part of both Operation Barkhane and Takuba Task Force. Macron stated that the base of the operation would shift from Mali to Niger. France began redeploying its forces to other countries of the Sahel like Chad.

The French military stated on 7 March 2022 that its forces had killed al-Qaeda commander Yahia Djouadi, alias "Abu Ammar al-Jazairi", overnight between 25–26 February. Djouadi was a former emir of the group in Libya before fleeing to Mali in 2019. He helped organize the group, in addition to managing its supplies, logistics and finances in the Tombouctou Region.

On 18 March, the military government of Mali asked France to withdraw its troops "without delay". President Macron however responded that about 5,000 French troops will leave Mali in an "orderly fashion" over the next four to six months, in order to provide protection for the United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali (MINUSMA) and forces of other nations stationed in Mali.

France announced on 15 June that it had captured Oumeya Ould Albakaye, a senior ISGS leader in Mali overnight between 11–12 June. On the following day, it stated that nearly 40 militants were killed in drone strikes on a column of motorcycles near Niger's border with Burkina Faso on 14 June.

French forces completed their withdrawal from Mali on 15 August. The French military stated that 3,000 troops will remain in the Sahel region as part of Operation Barkhane and added that it was not ending, but being reformulated. However on November 9, Macron announced the end of Operation Barkhane and stated that some French troops will remain in the region under new arrangements.

Casualties

French forces

Prior to the beginning of Operation Barkhane, 10 French troops had been killed in Mali as part of Operation Serval. Since the launch of Operation Barkhane in August 2014, the French Ministère des Armées listed 38 servicemen were reported killed in Mali, 2 in Burkina Faso and one in Chad. The vast distances of Operation Barkhane force's area of operations across the Sahel pose a significant challenge in dealing with French casualties, with wounded troops being possibly up to  from advanced medical aid. To overcome these challenges, the French military created helicopter-mobile medical teams which can rapidly carry out MEDEVAC missions and transport casualties to more advanced medical care. Between 2013 and 2016, it was reported that French forces sustained 1,272 casualties which required MEDEVAC; of these casualties, 18.2% were wounded in action, 27.4% suffered trauma injuries and 46.6% were suffering from disease or sickness.

Insurgent forces
After the first year of operations, the French Army claimed that approximately 125 insurgents had been neutralized by French forces. In late 2015, French army representatives indicated that over 150 ammunition and explosive depositories had been discovered and 25 vehicles and 80 electronic devices (GPS, computers, satellite phones and radio stations) had been destroyed. This represented 20 tons of ammunition, including 2,000 shells, 680 grenades, guided missiles, 25 IEDs and mines, 210 detonators, 30 mortars, machine guns and rocket launchers. The army also seized  of various drugs. French forces continued to inflict significant casualties in 2016, with nearly 150 insurgents killed or captured in that year. By July 2017, the French Forces estimated that over 400 insurgents had been killed since the start of Operation Barkhane.

In February 2018, the French Defense Minister, Florence Parly, indicated that 450 jihadists have been neutralized, amongst which 120 have been killed and 150 held as prisoners by Malian authorities. In July 2018, General Bruno Guibert, head of the Barkhane force, confirmed that 120 terrorists had been killed since the beginning of the year. In February 2019, Parly announced that over 600 jihadists had been "neutralized" since the beginning of the operation in 2014.

Opinions and opposition

Divided opinions

Since 2013 and the beginning of the Operation Serval, replaced by Operation Barkhane in 2014, opinions in Mali have been divided as to the legitimacy of the French intervention. According to Mission head for Peace in Mali for the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute Aurélien Tobie, "Between 2013 and 2015, we quickly realised, after the peace agreements in Ouagadougou and Algiers for Mali that the Malian opinion towards the French presence was changing. People were supporting the Serval Operation, but did not understand why the French presence was being prolonged with the Barkhane Operation".

In 2017, the study "Mali-Meter", conducted by the Friedrich Ebert Foundation in Mali, polled the level of satisfaction with Operation Barkhane amongst the Malian population. Less than half of the respondents were satisfied with the French intervention. The study also showed geographical disparities in approbation of Operation Barkhane.

According to Aurélien Tobie, the differences of opinion between the North and the South of the country can be explained by the difference in proximity of the population with the operations: "People in contact with the forces of Barkhane in the North of the country approve of it much more because they see changes in their daily lives. Conversely, people interviewed in Southern Mali, who are generally higher educated but also further away from the conflict zone, are much more critical of the French presence".

Demonstrations against the French presence have been taking place since 2013 in Mali, on a regular basis. Patriotic groups have been emerging. These groups strive for an end of the French presence and some call for a Russian intervention.

In June 2019, a former Malian minister anonymously declared to French newspaper Libération that anti-French sentiment is at its peak in Mali: "Conspiracy theories are flourishing everywhere. Soon, France will be accused of being responsible for the floods. The inertia of our own leaders is the primary cause of the problem".

Malian President Ibrahim Boubacar Keita also strongly criticised anti-French demonstrations. He stated in December 2019 that: "the foreign forces in our country are our allies in this tragic war imposed on us. We will not win this war by misunderstanding who our true enemy is and by falling into the trap of the terrorist groups".

French President Emmanuel Macron has denounced a "disinformation campaign" led by a rival power, implying it was Russia, although he did not explicitly name it.

On August 7, 2023, 94 French senators sent an open letter to President Emmanuel Macron in which they regretted "the failure of Operation Barkhane" and "the erasure of France" in Africa. The signatories, led by LR Roger Karoutchi, Bruno Retailleau and Christian Cambon, ask the president to review his strategy.

Françafrique

Much of the criticism of the French intervention revolves around the concept of Françafrique, a pejorative term used to describe the alleged neocolonial practices of France in its former African colonies.

See also
 List of battles involving France in modern history

Notes

References

Further reading
 Erforth, Benedikt. (2020) "Multilateralism as a tool: Exploring French military cooperation in the Sahel." Journal of Strategic Studies

Counterinsurgency
Military operations involving France
Military operations involving Chad
Military operations involving Niger
2020 military operations
2021 military operations
2022 military operations
2019 military operations


title: Richard Delmer Boyer

text:
Richard Delmer Boyer (born 1958) is an American murderer convicted and found guilty of murdering an elderly couple in 1982. He also admitted to murdering another man in 1980.

Background
Boyer, from La Mirada, California, was at his home abusing PCP as well as abusing alcohol while watching the 1981 movie Halloween II. The opening murders in the film were used by him to be blamed (logically dismissed in reality, in court) as a motive.

Crime and arrest
On December 7, 1982, Boyer stabbed to death an elderly couple in Fullerton, California; he stabbed the husband 24 times and the wife 19 times. He was arrested following a tip-off from the victim's son. He was about to be released by the police when he admitted the crime.

Trial
During the trial, Boyer was revealed to be a drug addict. He had consumed both alcohol and drugs on the day of the murder. He stated that he had driven to the victim's house to borrow money. At the property, he stated he started "freaking out" and could not remember committing the crime. The first trial ended in a hung jury. In the second trial, in 1984, a defense psychopharmacologist testified that Boyer had suffered a drug-induced flashback to a horror film, Halloween II, which features a scene with an elderly couple. The film was shown to the jury, the first time in US legal history that a commercial motion picture had been submitted as evidence at a murder trial. The jury found him guilty, and the judge sentenced Boyer to death.

The California Supreme Court ordered a retrial in 1989, stating that Boyer had been denied his Miranda rights.

In 1991, he was linked to another murder, that of 75-year-old John Houston Compton in 1980, but the District Attorney stated they would not pursue it if it distracted from the forthcoming retrial.

In 1992, Boyer was retried, and he was again found guilty and sentenced to death.

See also
 List of death row inmates in the United States

References

Bibliography

1958 births
1982 murders in the United States
American people convicted of murder
Living people
People convicted of murder by California
Place of birth missing (living people)
Prisoners sentenced to death by California
Suspected serial killers


title: Funapide

text:
Funapide (INN) (former developmental code names TV-45070 and XEN402) is a novel analgesic under development by Xenon Pharmaceuticals (formerly in partnership with Teva Pharmaceutical Industries) for the treatment of a variety of chronic pain conditions, including osteoarthritis, neuropathic pain, postherpetic neuralgia, and erythromelalgia, as well as dental pain. It acts as a small-molecule Nav1.7 and Nav1.8 voltage-gated sodium channel blocker. Funapide is being evaluated in humans in both oral and topical formulations, and as of July 2014, has reached phase IIb clinical trials.

See also
 List of investigational analgesics

References

External links
 Funapide - AdisInsight

Analgesics
Benzodioxoles
Furans
Local anesthetics
Trifluoromethyl compounds
Sodium channel blockers
Spiro compounds


title: My Spring Days

text:
My Spring Days (; lit. "The Spring Days of My Life") is a 2014 South Korean television series starring Kam Woo-sung, Choi Soo-young, Lee Joon-hyuk, and Jang Shin-young. It airs on MBC on for 16 episodes beginning September 10, 2014.

The plot uses the concept of cellular memory, a medical hypothesis that recipients' personalities and habits become similar to their donors.

Plot
Lee Bom-yi (Choi Soo-young) was once a terminally ill patient, but she's been given a second chance at life after getting a heart transplant and now lives each day to the fullest. She meets Kang Dong-ha (Kam Woo-sung), the CEO of Hanuiron and a widower with two children who lost his wife to an accident. Bom-yi falls for Dong-ha, not knowing that her donor was Dong-ha's wife.

Cast

Main characters
Kam Woo-sung as Kang Dong-ha
Choi Soo-young as Lee Bom-yi
Lee Joon-hyuk as Kang Dong-wook
Jang Shin-young as Bae Ji-won

Supporting characters
Shim Hye-jin as Jo Myung-hee
Kwon Hae-hyo as Lee Hyuk-soo
Lee Ki-young as Song Byung-gil
Ga Deuk-hee as Joo Se-na
Jung Ji-so as Kang Poo-reum
Shin Rin-ah as young Kang Poo-Reum
Gil Jung-woo as Kang Ba-da
Min Ji-ah as Yoon Soo-jung
Lee Jae-won as Park Hyung-woo
Kang Boo-ja as Na Hyun-soon
Jo Yang-ja as Choi Bok-hee
Jang Won-young as Jo Gil-dong
Hwang Geum-hee

Production
Kam Woo-sung and Choi Soo-young were cast as leads on July 17, 2014.

My Spring Days began filming on August 19 and the first shoot took place in a marketplace in Suwon, Gyeonggi Province.

Ratings
The show beat its rivals, SBS My Lovely Girl and KBS2's Iron Man consistently and the show ended with a 10.5% viewer rating in the Seoul National Capital Area, ranking first among the Wednesday-Thursday dramas.

Awards and nominations

See also
Summer Scent

References

External links
My Spring Days official MBC website

My Blooming Life at MBC Global Media

2014 South Korean television series debuts
MBC TV television dramas
Korean-language television shows
2014 South Korean television series endings
South Korean medical television series
South Korean romance television series
Television series by Celltrion Entertainment


title: Nikica Košutić

text:
Nikica Košutić (; born 7 December 1985) is a Serbian football forward who plays in Norway for Medkila.

External links

1985 births
Living people
Footballers from Belgrade
Men's association football forwards
Serbian men's footballers
FK Zemun players
FK Beograd (Serbia) players
FK Bežanija players
PSFC Chernomorets Burgas players
FK Radnički Nova Pazova players
FK Inđija players
Anagennisi Karditsa F.C. players
Al-Hazem F.C. players
Iraklis Psachna F.C. players
Fokikos A.C. players
Harstad IL players
Medkila IL (men) players
Serbian SuperLiga players
First Professional Football League (Bulgaria) players
Saudi Pro League players
Serbian expatriate men's footballers
Serbian expatriate sportspeople in Bulgaria
Serbian expatriate sportspeople in Greece
Expatriate men's footballers in Bulgaria
Expatriate men's footballers in Greece
Expatriate men's footballers in Saudi Arabia
Expatriate men's footballers in Norway


title: Herfiza Novianti

text:
Herfiza Harun (née Novianti; born November 21, 1987) is an Indonesian actress and model. She is the wife of actor Ricky Harun and the daughter-in-law of the actress and model Donna Harun.

Career
Novianti began her career as a model, appearing in a 2003 magazine of Aneka Yess!. After the competition, Novianti had offered to casting in her debut soap opera, titled Dia, where aired on Indosiar from 2003 to 2005. During her soap opera career, Novianti has appeared in several soap opera, such as Cinta Fitri (Musim Ramadhan 2), Air Mata Cinta, Si Biang Kerok Cilik and Kiamat Sudah Dekat of season 2 and 3, which produced by Deddy Mizwar.

In addition, Novianti also appeared in several movies, such as Oh My God! (her debut film) and Kambing Jantan: The Movie, which produced by comedian and also writer Raditya Dika in 2009. In 2010, Novianti had starred for a controversial horror movie, titled Suster Keramas, with Rin Sakurigi, a Japanese adult porn.

Personal life
Herfiza Novianti was born on November 21, 1987, in Sukabumi. She is the third child of four siblings of Hendra Sumantri and Rina Faryani. She married the actor Ricky Harun on June 15, 2013. They have one daughter.

Filmography

Film

Television

Film Television

References

External links
 Profil di Kroscek

1987 births
Indonesian actresses
Indonesian female models
Sundanese people
People from Sukabumi
Living people


title: Brian Courtenay Yarde

text:
Air Vice Marshal Brian Courtenay Yarde,  (5 September 1905 – 29 October 1986) was a Royal Air Force officer during the Second World War and a senior commander in the 1950s.

Early life and career
Born on 5 September 1905, Brian Yarde was educated at Bedford School and at the Royal Air Force College Cranwell, where he received the Sword of Honour in 1926. During the Second World War he served in France, Malaya, and in the Middle East. In 1945, he was appointed as deputy director of Bomber Operations at the Air Ministry. Between 1947 and 1949 he was Station Commander of RAF Gatow during the Berlin Airlift, and between 1951 and 1953 he was Provost Marshal and Chief of the Royal Air Force Police. Between 1953 and 1954 he was Air Officer Commanding No. 62 Group, and between 1954 and 1957 he was Commandant-General of the RAF Regiment.

Air Vice Marshal Yarde retired from the Royal Air Force in 1957. He died on 29 October 1986.

References

1905 births
1986 deaths
People educated at Bedford School
Graduates of the Royal Air Force College Cranwell
British World War II pilots
Royal Air Force air marshals
Royal Air Force Regiment officers
Commanders of the Royal Victorian Order
Commanders of the Order of the British Empire


title: Jump Rope (song)

text:
"Jump Rope" is the ninth track on alternative rock band, Blue October's fifth studio album, "Approaching Normal", released on March 24, 2009. On November 20, 2009, the song was released as a single. A live acoustic version of the song was included on the band's album Ugly Side: An Acoustic Evening With Blue October as a bonus track.

Chart positions

References

2009 singles
Blue October songs
Universal Music Group singles
Song recordings produced by Steve Lillywhite
2008 songs
Songs written by Justin Furstenfeld