title: The Flash (film)

text:
The Flash is a 2023 American superhero film based on the DC Comics character of the same name. Produced by Warner Bros. Pictures, DC Studios, Double Dream, and the Disco Factory, and distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures, it is the 13th installment in the DC Extended Universe (DCEU). The film was directed by Andy Muschietti from a screenplay by Christina Hodson, based on a story by Joby Harold and the writing team of John Francis Daley and Jonathan Goldstein. It stars Ezra Miller as Barry Allen / The Flash alongside Sasha Calle, Michael Shannon, Ron Livingston, Maribel Verdú, Kiersey Clemons, Antje Traue, and Michael Keaton. In the film, Barry travels back in time to prevent his mother's death, which brings unintended consequences.

Development of a film based on the Flash began in the late 1980s, with multiple writers and directors attached to the project through 2014. The film was then redeveloped as a part of the DCEU, with Miller cast as the title character. Multiple directors were attached to the film over the following years, with Seth Grahame-Smith, Rick Famuyiwa, and the duo of Daley and Goldstein all departing the project over creative differences. Muschietti and Hodson joined the film in July 2019, and pre-production began in January 2020. The film is influenced by the comic book storyline Flashpoint (2011), featuring other DC characters, such as Calle's Supergirl and both Ben Affleck's and Keaton's versions of Batman. Principal photography took place from April to October 2021 at Warner Bros. Studios, Leavesden and on location around the United Kingdom.

The Flash premiered at Grauman's Chinese Theatre in Hollywood, Los Angeles, on June 12, 2023, and was released in the United States on June 16, following multiple delays caused by director changes, the COVID-19 pandemic, post-production setbacks, and controversies surrounding Miller. The film received mixed reviews from critics, who praised its humor, action sequences, and the performances, but criticized the third act and visual effects. The film has grossed $270.6 million worldwide, becoming one of the biggest box-office bombs of all time, with projections of a $200 million loss for Warner Bros.

Plot
After helping Bruce Wayne / Batman and Diana Prince / Wonder Woman stop a robbery in Gotham City, Barry Allen revisits his childhood home, where he lived with his parents Nora and Henry, before Henry's wrongful imprisonment for Nora's murder. On the day of her death, Nora sent Henry to the grocery store for a can of tomatoes that she forgot to buy, leaving her alone in the kitchen, resulting in her being killed by an unidentified assailant. Overcome by emotions, Barry accidentally uses the Speed Force to form a "Chronobowl" and travel back in time earlier in the day. Despite Bruce's warnings of time travel's unintended consequences, Barry time travels and places the can of tomatoes in Nora's cart at the store, so that his father will not have to leave the house. As he returns to the present, Barry is knocked out of the Chronobowl by an unknown speedster and ends up in a 2013 where Nora is alive. He encounters his parents, his past self, and realizes this is the day he originally obtained his powers.

In order to make sure his past self gains superpowers, the two Barrys go to the Central City Police Department, where Barry re-enacts the event for 2013-Barry to be struck by lightning. Both end up getting struck by the lightning, giving 2013-Barry powers, but causing Barry to lose his own. As Barry struggles to train 2013-Barry on properly using his powers, they learn that General Zod is preparing to invade Earth. In an effort to fight Zod, the Barrys attempt to assemble the Justice League but are unsuccessful; in their timeline, they cannot locate Diana, Victor Stone has not gained his abilities yet, and Arthur Curry was never born. They travel to Wayne Manor, hoping to find Bruce, but instead find an alternate variant who has long retired. Bruce theorizes that using time travel to alter history affects events both prior to and after the alteration. They convince Bruce to return as Batman and help them find Kal-El / Superman.

The Barrys and Batman locate a Kryptonian pod discovered in Siberia. Upon arrival, they instead find Kal-El's cousin, Kara Zor-El, imprisoned in the facility. They rescue Kara and return to Wayne mansion. Barry enlists Bruce's help to regain his power once more. The first two attempts fail, prompting Kara to fly Barry into a storm, where he regains his powers. Kara and Batman join the Barrys to fight Zod and his forces. During the battle, Kara learns that Zod had intercepted Kal-El's escape pod and killed him in the process of extracting the Codex needed to repopulate the Kryptonian species. The Codex is actually within Kara. Zod subdues and kills her, then extracts the Codex from her blood; meanwhile, Batman sacrifices himself in an unsuccessful attempt to destroy Zod's ship.

The Barrys repeatedly time travel to save Batman and Kara but keep failing. Barry realizes that this sequence of events cannot be changed, but 2013-Barry keeps trying. As 2013-Barry travels, the multiverse starts to implode. The unknown speedster who initially knocked Barry out of the Speed Force returns and is revealed to be an older, future version of 2013-Barry who still believes he can defeat Zod and save his Earth. He becomes angry when Barry reveals his intention to reverse the changes he made to the timeline by letting Nora die. The elder 2013-Barry attempts to kill Barry, but instead impales young 2013-Barry, who sacrifices himself to save Barry and wipe his future self from the timeline.

Barry reverts the timeline and comes to terms with his mother's death; however, he subtly alters the past by moving the tomato cans to a higher shelf. Returning to the present day, Barry attends Henry's court hearing, where the security footage now reveals Henry looking up to grab the tomato can, allowing for his exoneration. After returning to the present, Barry is contacted by Bruce, whose appearance has changed once again as a result of the timeline alteration.

Cast

 Ezra Miller as Barry Allen / The Flash:A police forensic investigator from Central City and member of the Justice League who can move at superhuman speeds using the Speed Force. Miller described Barry as multi-dimensional, with human flaws. Miller also portrays an alternate younger version of Barry from 2013, and a dark, corrupted older version of the same Barry. Ian Loh portrays a young Barry in flashbacks, and Ed Wade, who is Miller's acting double, physically portrays 2013-Barry in scenes featuring both versions of the character.
 Sasha Calle as Kara Zor-El / Supergirl: A powerful Kryptonian who possesses powers, abilities, and a costume similar to her cousin, Kal-El / Clark Kent / Superman. Calle is the first Latina actress to portray Supergirl.
 Michael Shannon as General Zod:A Kryptonian general who possesses the same powers as Superman and was killed by him in Man of Steel (2013). This version hails from an alternate timeline, where Kara landed on Earth instead of Kal-El. Shannon received Man of Steel director Zack Snyder's blessing to reprise his role, after initially being hesitant to do so given the troubled history between Snyder and Warner Bros. regarding his later DCEU productions.
 Ron Livingston as Henry Allen:Barry's father who was wrongfully convicted of his wife's murder. Livingston replaces Billy Crudup, who previously portrayed the character in Justice League (2017) and its director's cut Zack Snyder's Justice League (2021).
 Maribel Verdú as Nora Allen: Barry's mother who was killed in his youth.
 Kiersey Clemons as Iris West: A journalist for the Picture News and love interest for Barry.
 Antje Traue as Faora-Ul: General Zod's second-in-command, who was sent to the Phantom Zone at the end of Man of Steel. This version hails from an alternate timeline, where Kara landed on Earth instead of Kal-El.
 Michael Keaton as Bruce Wayne / Batman:A wealthy socialite from Gotham City who moonlights as a crimefighting vigilante. This version of Wayne is a variation of the DCEU character portrayed by Ben Affleck, as a result of Barry's tampering with the timeline. Keaton previously played the character in the films Batman (1989) and Batman Returns (1992).
 Affleck appears, uncredited, as the original version of Bruce Wayne / Batman from Barry's timeline and the leader of the Justice League, reprising his role from past DCEU appearances. Director Andy Muschietti said the character has a substantial emotional impact on the film through his relationship with Barry, in part because their mothers were both killed. Affleck said his scenes in the film were his favorite as the character and a "nice finish" for his time as Batman. He added that he felt that the five minutes of his scenes in the film were the first time he "really understood the character" and figured out how to play him.
 George Clooney appears, uncredited, as a variation of Bruce Wayne, replacing Affleck's version in the ending; Clooney previously portrayed the character in Batman & Robin (1997).

Also reprising their respective DCEU roles are Jeremy Irons as Alfred Pennyworth, Temuera Morrison as an alternate version of Tom Curry from 2013-Barry's timeline, Gal Gadot (uncredited) as Diana Prince / Wonder Woman, and Jason Momoa (uncredited) as Arthur Curry / Aquaman. Additionally, Saoirse-Monica Jackson and Rudy Mancuso respectively portray Patty Spivot and Albert Desmond, Barry's co-workers, whilst Sanjeev Bhaskar appears as Barry's boss, David Singh. Luke Brandon Field portrays Al Falcone, the leader of a terrorist crew who robs Gotham General Hospital in the beginning of the film. Nikolaj Coster-Waldau appears uncredited as a man whom 2013-Barry steals a piece of pizza from, and director Andy Muschietti makes a cameo appearance as a reporter Barry steals a hot dog from in the present day. Karl Collins appears as Henry Allen's lawyer.

The DCEU version of Superman also appears through the use of computer-generated imagery (CGI) using Henry Cavill's likeness; Cavill had filmed additional scenes as the character for the film, but they were removed during post-production. Jai Courtney appears as Digger Harkness / Captain Boomerang in a similar CGI sequence in the film. Nicolas Cage makes a cameo appearance as an alternate version of Superman, after he previously voiced the character in the unrelated animated film Teen Titans Go! To the Movies (2018); he was originally cast as Superman in Tim Burton's unproduced film Superman Lives. Cage shot his scenes through volumetric capture and CGI was used to deage him. Through the use of artificial intelligence and deepfaking, previous incarnations of Superman, Batman, and Supergirl appear during the "Speed Force" sequence, including Christopher Reeve as Superman from the 1978–1987 Superman films, Helen Slater as Supergirl from Supergirl (1984), Adam West as Batman from the 1966 film and television series, and George Reeves as his version of Superman from Superman and the Mole Men (1951) and Adventures of Superman (1952–1958), through the use of archive footage. Archival recordings of Cesar Romero and Jack Nicholson as their versions of Joker from the 1960s series and 1989 film, respectively, along with Eartha Kitt's Catwoman from the 1960s series, are also featured. The character Jay Garrick also appears through the use of CGI; his likeness was based on Jason Ballantine, one of the film's editors.

Production

Development

Early attempts
Development on a film based on the DC character the Flash began in the late 1980s when Warner Bros. Pictures hired comic book writer Jeph Loeb to write a screenplay. Warner Bros. hired David S. Goyer to write, direct, and produce a new version of The Flash in December 2004 after he impressed them with his script for Batman Begins (2005). Goyer approached Ryan Reynolds to portray Wally West / The Flash after working with him on the Marvel Comics-based film Blade: Trinity (2004) and intended to have the character Barry Allen appear in a supporting role. Goyer was influenced for the film's tone by Sam Raimi's Spider-Man trilogy and the Flash comic book runs by Mike Baron, Mark Waid and Geoff Johns. By early February 2007, Goyer left the project over creative differences with the studio, and Shawn Levy was hired to direct and oversee the writing of a new draft written by Chris Brancato, which used elements from Goyer's script. Later that month, Warner Bros. announced the development of a Justice League film, with Michelle and Kieran Mulroney writing the screenplay. George Miller signed on to direct the film, titled Justice League: Mortal, in September, with Adam Brody cast as the Flash. It was envisioned as the start of a franchise with planned sequels and spin-offs, including the Flash film.

Levy left The Flash in October 2007 because of scheduling conflicts with Night at the Museum: Battle of the Smithsonian (2009). David Dobkin took over as director and began developing the film as a spin-off from Justice League: Mortal, with a focus on Wally West. Craig Wright was writing a script for the film the next month, before Justice League: Mortal was canceled and Warner Bros. set a 2008 release for The Flash. Further development was delayed by the 2007–2008 Writers Guild of America strike. Charles Roven joined the project as a producer by July 2009, with Geoff Johns consulting and writing a film treatment that Dan Mazeau adapted into a screenplay. In October, Roven said the studio was not confident enough in their take to green-light the film, though Mazeau disputed this and said the film was moving forward as planned. In June 2010, Green Lantern (2011) writers Greg Berlanti, Michael Green, and Marc Guggenheim were hired to write a new treatment for The Flash based on a recent comics run by Johns that featured Barry Allen.

DC Extended Universe

Warner Bros. was planning a new shared universe of films based on DC by July 2013 and had tentative plans to release a Flash film in 2016. In October 2014, Warner Bros. and DC Films announced a slate of planned projects as part of the new DC Extended Universe (DCEU). The Flash was set for release on March 23, 2018, with Ezra Miller set to star in the film as Barry Allen / The Flash; Miller first made cameo appearances in Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice (2016) and Suicide Squad (2016), starred in the team-up film Justice League (2017), and briefly appeared in the Arrowverse crossover event "Crisis on Infinite Earths" (2019–20), which acknowledged a wider DC Multiverse, and in the first season of the series Peacemaker (2022–present). Warner Bros. offered James Wan the choice of directing a movie about either Aquaman or the Flash, and he ultimately chose to make Aquaman (2018). By April 2015, Phil Lord and Christopher Miller were writing a story treatment for the Flash film with the possibility of directing it. After they decided to direct Solo: A Star Wars Story (2018) instead, Seth Grahame-Smith entered negotiations to write and direct the film based on Lord and Christopher Miller's treatment in October 2015. Grahame-Smith was set to make his directorial debut with the film, with Roven producing and Deborah and Zack Snyder executive producing. In February 2016, the film's release date was moved forward to March 16, 2018. Grahame-Smith left the project that April, citing creative differences. Warner Bros. chose to retain his script, and he was still expected to be involved in the project moving forward, while Lord and Christopher Miller were also still involved as producers. A search for a replacement director began immediately.

Rick Famuyiwa was hired to take over as director in June 2016, with Warner Bros. feeling that Famuyiwa's vision for the film would resonate with younger audiences and also be compatible with Grahame-Smith's existing script. Filming was expected to begin later in 2016 and was not believed to be delayed by the director change. Famuyiwa's top choice to portray the film's female lead, Iris West, was Kiersey Clemons, whom he had worked with on Dope (2015). Rita Ora and Lucy Boynton were also in the running for the role, but Clemons was cast as the character at the end of July. At that time, Warner Bros. gave the film's release date to Tomb Raider (2018), leaving The Flash without a release date. In August, Ray Fisher was set to appear in the film, reprising his role as Victor Stone / Cyborg from Batman v Superman and Justice League. Famuyiwa completed a revision of the script a month later, when Gal Gadot was set to reprise her role as Diana Prince / Wonder Woman from Batman v Superman, Wonder Woman (2017), and Justice League and Billy Crudup was in negotiations to portray Barry's father, Henry Allen. Clemons and Crudup both filmed cameo appearances for Justice League after being cast in The Flash. Pre-production began by October ahead of a filming start in March 2017, scheduled before another commitment that Ezra Miller had in July. At the end of October, Famuyiwa left the project after not being able to "come together creatively" with the studio, which disagreed with the more mature direction that Famuyiwa wanted to take the film.

The film was put on hold while the studio searched for a new director and Ezra Miller prepared to film Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes of Grindelwald (2018). During that time, Warner Bros. decided to take the film in a new direction, and in January 2017, Joby Harold was hired to do a page-one rewrite of the script. He handed in a draft by May, when the studio's top choices to direct were Robert Zemeckis and Matthew Vaughn. Both had expressed interest in the project but had potential scheduling issues that could prevent them from taking it on. Raimi, Marc Webb, and Jordan Peele had already turned down offers to direct the film, as did Ben Affleck, who portrayed Bruce Wayne / Batman in previous DCEU films. At the July 2017 San Diego Comic-Con, the film was announced with the new title Flashpoint, based on the comic book of the same title in which Allen travels back in time to save his mother's life and accidentally creates an alternate time line. Dan Mazeau contributed to the script during this time. Johns confirmed in November that the Flashpoint concept would allow the film to tell a unique story about Batman, with the comic book storyline exploring a time line where Thomas Wayne is Batman; Jeffrey Dean Morgan expressed interest in reprising his role as Thomas Wayne from Batman v Superman.

In January 2018, the filmmaking duo John Francis Daley and Jonathan Goldstein entered negotiations to write and direct the film after the studio chose not to wait for Zemeckis's schedule to be free. Daley and Goldstein were confirmed as directors in March, and the film's title reverted to The Flash the next month. Filming was expected to begin in Atlanta in February 2019, but Ezra Miller's commitments to Fantastic Beasts: The Secrets of Dumbledore (2022) delayed filming again. The Flash was aiming for a 2021 release at that point. In mid-March 2019, Ezra Miller was revealed to be writing a new version of the film's script with comic book writer Grant Morrison. They disagreed with the lighthearted approach to the film that Daley and Goldstein were taking, though that was Warner Bros.' preferred direction for it. The new script could be submitted to the studio by the end of the month, and if the studio did not like Miller and Morrison's take, there was potential for the actor to leave the film; Miller's holding deal to star in the film was expected to end in May.

Morrison later said that Miller had not been happy with the prior scripts and approached Morrison with their ideas, and the pair were given two weeks by Warner Bros. to write the script in Scotland. Morrison described their script as "a Flash story", which they felt was a more science-fiction story similar to Back to the Future (1985), but said that the studio wanted to explore the multiverse and other DC characters with the film instead. Morrison also denied reports that Miller wanted the film to have a dark tone and said their script had dark aspects related to the Flashpoint story. The studio rejected Miller and Morrison's script in May but asked Miller to remain as star of the film. Daley and Goldstein left the project in July, and Warner Bros. chose Christina Hodson to write a new screenplay for the film after writing its DC film Birds of Prey (2020). Andy Muschietti entered negotiations to direct the film, with his sister Barbara set to produce alongside Michael Disco. A January 2020 pre-production start was expected. The involvement of Andy Muschietti and Hodson was confirmed in November 2019, and filming was expected to begin in 2021 after Ezra Miller finished filming The Secrets of Dumbledore. A month later, Warner Bros. scheduled The Flash for release on July 1, 2022.

Pre-production

Andy Muschietti said in January 2020 that the film would still adapt elements of the Flashpoint comic book storyline but that it would be telling a different version of that story. Muschietti later elaborated that he was requested to adapt the storyline by Warner Bros., but recognized it as a great story due to employing time travel to include Barry Allen's origin story and Batman, though Muschietti personally feels that his film is more suspenseful than the comic due to making a more emotional experience whereas the original comic's structure is more like Jacob's Ladder (1990). In April 2020, the film's release was moved forward to June 3, 2022, when Warner Bros. shifted its schedule because of the COVID-19 pandemic. That June, Michael Keaton entered early negotiations to reprise his role as Bruce Wayne / Batman from Tim Burton's Batman (1989) and Batman Returns (1992). Fisher discussed his role as Cyborg in the film with Muschietti that month before Warner Bros. set a two-week shoot for Fisher to film what was referred to as a cameo appearance alongside other Justice League actors. Fisher said the studio only offered to pay him a fraction of his traditional salary for reprising the role.

In August, Keaton was confirmed to be appearing in the film, and Affleck agreed to reprise his version of Batman. Muschietti explained that the film would be introducing the idea of the multiverse to general audiences by including multiple versions of characters and acknowledging past film franchises based on DC as alternate universes. It was important for Muschietti to include Affleck in the film since his version of Batman is the "baseline" for the DCEU, and he felt the introduction of Keaton's Batman would not work as well without first seeing the Flash's relationship with Affleck's Batman. Affleck chose to return, after saying he had retired from the character, because he would have a smaller role in the film.

During the virtual DC FanDome event "Explore the Multiverse" in September 2020, Barbara Muschietti said the film would feature many characters from the DC Universe and the Flash would serve as the bridge between them and their different time lines. She added that the film would be used to restart the continuity of the DCEU without disregarding the events of the prior films. Crudup, who left the film during the changes in directors, entered negotiations to rejoin the project a month later. Clemons's involvement was uncertain at that point. The film's release was pushed back to November 4, 2022, by further pandemic-related delays, and filming was set to begin in March 2021 in London. Warner Bros. had written Cyborg out of the film by January 2021 after Fisher refused to work on any project that DC Films president Walter Hamada was involved in. Fisher said this was due to Hamada's handling of an investigation into the on-set behavior of Justice League replacement director, Joss Whedon. The role of Cyborg was not expected to be recast.

Andy and Barbara Muschietti arrived in the United Kingdom to prepare for production, with filming set to begin in April at Warner Bros. Studios, Leavesden, after Ezra Miller finished on The Secrets of Dumbledore. In February, construction for sets at Leavesden Studios had begun, Crudup was confirmed to be returning, and Sasha Calle was cast as Supergirl. Calle was chosen from a group of more than 425 actresses that also included Bruna Marquezine. All auditions for the role, as well as chemistry tests with Ezra Miller, took place over Zoom.

In March 2021, Clemons signed a new deal to star as Iris West in the film after her role in Justice League was cut (though the cameo was restored in the 2021 director's cut, Zack Snyder's Justice League). Maribel Verdú was cast to portray Barry Allen's mother, Nora Allen, but Crudup was forced to drop out of the film because of scheduling conflicts with his series The Morning Show. The role of Henry Allen was expected to be recast. At the end of March, Keaton said he had received an older version of the script but had not yet read it and would have to read the latest draft before deciding if he could commit to the film. He also cited the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom as a concern for his involvement, as well as balancing his other commitments.

Shortly after, Ron Livingston was cast to replace Crudup as Henry Allen, with Ian Loh cast as a young Barry Allen and Saoirse-Monica Jackson and Rudy Mancuso joining in undisclosed roles. Before filming began, Keaton was confirmed to be starring in the film, with Andy Muschietti believing Keaton's decision to join The Flash was due to the script that he had been sent. Muschietti said Keaton felt honored to play Batman again. The Muschiettis formed a production company, Double Dream, to co-produce the film, and Marianne Jenkins was revealed as an executive producer. Fisher said it would be a "bummer" if the situation surrounding his involvement in the film were not resolved and said he would return to the role of Cyborg for the film if Warner Bros. were to make amends with him.

Filming
Principal photography began on April 19, 2021, at Warner Bros. Studios, Leavesden, in England, under the working title Baby Shower. Henry Braham served as cinematographer after previously working on DC's The Suicide Squad (2021). In early May, filming took place at Burghley House in Stamford, Lincolnshire, which doubled for Wayne Manor. In mid-June, Ezra Miller, Clemons, Keaton, and Calle filmed scenes at St Paul's Cathedral in London, with the surrounding locations designed to portray Central City. Filming was also set to occur later that month in Edinburgh and Glasgow—doubling for Gotham City—for scenes with Affleck and Keaton. In late July, filming continued in Glasgow at Ingram Street, George Square, John Street, and Cochrane Street and involved several vehicles, while filming with the Batmobile occurred in George Square. On July 29, filming was halted after a camera operator on a motorcycle shooting behind the Batcycle on Renfield Street collided with it near West George Street. The operator was injured but not "seriously hurt". In August, Braham said the film was "technically complex" despite not being based in reality and called the concept of featuring the different generations of comic books in it fantastic. In early September, Luke Brandon Field said he had joined the cast. Filming wrapped on October 18, 2021.

Post-production
In December 2021, Michael Shannon and Antje Traue were revealed to be reprising their roles from Man of Steel (2013) as General Zod and Faora-Ul, respectively. Former codirectors of the film Francis Daley and Goldstein were also confirmed to be receiving story credit for the film alongside Hodson. Temuera Morrison, who portrays Aquaman's father, Tom Curry, in Aquaman and Aquaman and the Lost Kingdom (2023), was reported to be in the film in February 2022. In March, Warner Bros. adjusted its release schedule due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the workload of visual effects vendors. The Flash was moved to June 23, 2023, to provide more time for VFX work to be completed; The Flash had around 2,500 visual effects shots. The following month, the final writing credits were revealed: Hodson received screenplay credit; Daley, Goldstein, and Harold received screen story credit; and off-screen credit for additional writing material went to Rebecca Drysdale, Famuyiwa, Grahame-Smith, Johns, Lord, Christopher Miller, Ezra Miller, Morrison, and co-writer Adam Sztykiel. In May, Deadline Hollywood reported that an unspecified "high-profile" comic book film that would be released in 2023 had its script recently submitted to the Writers Guild of America (WGA), having a total of 45 writers involved in it throughout its development. Some commentators believed that the film was The Flash, due to its lengthy development process. Miller later participated in "regularly scheduled additional photography" in mid-2022.

Following several controversial incidents and arrests involving Miller throughout 2022, the newly formed parent company of Warner Bros. Pictures, Warner Bros. Discovery (WBD), considered various options for the film after previously hoping delaying its release would help avoid controversy. In August, WB was considering three options: providing Miller an interview explaining their behavior and do limited press for the film should they choose to accept professional help, being released as planned; exclude Miller from all press of the film and recast their character in future projects should they choose to reject professional help; or cancel the film as a "last resort" if the situation with further deteriorated. The latter was considered an "unprecedented move" due to its large budget, though it would have come after WBD already canceled the nearly complete $90 million film Batgirl that was being produced for the streaming service HBO Max. WBD was not considering recasting Miller's role in the film due to them portraying multiple characters and appearing in nearly every scene. It was also considered to be "key" for the studio's future DCEU plans and had been received well during test screenings despite Miller's legal troubles. WBD CEO David Zaslav reiterating that The Flash received positive responses from the studio, and that they were committed to releasing it in theaters. Miller released a public apology through their representative soon afterward and announced they were seeking professional treatment for "complex mental health issues". Soon after, Miller and their agent met with Michael De Luca and Pamela Abdy, the co-chairpersons and co-CEOs of Warner Bros. Pictures Group, to apologize for their behavior, while VFX was expected to be completed by the end of the year. Machliss later stated that the film was the first to use new technology to feature different versions of an actor on-screen. Barbara Muschietti also rejected reports alleging the film would potentially be canceled due to Miller's actions.

In December 2022, the film's release date was moved forward to June 16 following positive test screenings, while The Hollywood Reporter reported that Henry Cavill and Jason Momoa were set to make cameo appearances as Superman and Aquaman, respectively, and that Cavill had filmed his role in September. WBD was reportedly debating on retaining the cameos depending on their future plans, as they had not yet been finalized since The Flash did not yet achieve a picture lock. Cavill's cameo, along with one Gal Gadot filmed as Wonder Woman, was soon reported to have been cut after DC Studios chose not to move forward with sequels to Man of Steel and Wonder Woman 1984 (2020). Cavill was paid $250,000 for his cameo. In March 2023, Affleck revealed that he filmed a scene with Gadot, who appeared at an in-progress cut of the film screened at CinemaCon the following month. The following month, Muschietti revealed some of the planned cameos that did not make the final film, including Lynda Carter's Wonder Woman from the television series Wonder Woman (1975–1979), Marlon Brando's Jor-El from Superman (1978), Burgess Meredith's Penguin and Cesar Romero's Joker from the series Batman (1966–1968) and Grant Gustin's Barry Allen of the Arrowverse continuity (2013–2023). The finished film contains a cameo of Adam West's Batman from the Batman show; the cameo was nearly cut, but Muschietti wanted to include it due to the personal attachment he and his sister felt to the show. Jay Garrick, another cameo featured in the film, was based on Jason Ballantine, one of the film's editors.

Paul Machliss and Ballantine serve as the film's editors, with Ballantine having previously worked on Andy Muschietti's films It (2017) and It Chapter Two (2019). Muschietti's initial cut of the film was around four hours long. The visual effects were provided by DNEG, Scanline VFX, and WetaFX, with John "DJ" Desjardin serving as the visual effects supervisor after previously doing so for several DCEU films.

Revisions to the ending
The ending for the film, which features George Clooney reprising his role as an alternate Bruce Wayne due to Barry's actions, changed multiple times during post-production due to the constant change of leadership at Warner Bros in 2022. The original ending shot for the film, conceived by then-heads of DC Films Toby Emmerich and Walter Hamada, featured Keaton's Batman, as well as Calle's Supergirl continue existing in the new timeline but erase Cavill and Affleck's roles of Superman and Batman respectively from the DCEU continuity. It was intended to set up a sequel and culminate in a film based around the Crisis on Infinite Earths (1985) storyline, despite The CW already having done its adaptation in 2019, which included the DCEU in its continuity. It was also intended to set up the then-in-development Batgirl prior to its cancellation, as Keaton was set to reprise his role in that film.

Following the merger of WarnerMedia and Discovery Inc. in 2022 and the removal of Emmerich and Hamada, executives Michael DeLuca and Pamela Abdy took over. They decided to keep Cavill within the DCEU and reshot the ending – Cavill filmed his scenes alongside his cameo for Black Adam (2022) in September; Gadot also filmed a scene for this ending. The scene was meant to have generated interest for the planned Man of Steel sequel and third Wonder Woman film, before both were canceled. In November, James Gunn and Peter Safran became the new leaders of DC Studios, who planned to conceive the new DC Universe (DCU) as a soft reboot of the DCEU. As a result, Cavill would no longer reprise his role and his scene was cut, while the ending was again reworked without Calle, Keaton and Gadot's characters, and the final ending with Clooney was shot in January 2023, which was kept secret until the film's release.

Music

Benjamin Wallfisch was set to compose the film's score by April 2021 after previously working with Muschietti on It (2017) and It Chapter Two (2019). Wallfisch also previously wrote the score for DC's Shazam! (2019). By late August 2022, Wallfisch was set to begin a scoring session at Abbey Road Studios in London. Throughout the film, Wallfisch references Danny Elfman's themes from Batman (1989) and Batman Returns (1992) due to Michael Keaton's appearance in the film as his incarnation of Batman.

Marketing
Miller debuted the first footage from the film at the virtual DC FanDome event in October 2021. They said there was not enough footage available to make a full trailer or teaser, but William Hughes at The A.V. Club felt the footage could comfortably be categorized as a teaser. He said being able to see it was proof of the film actually being made after its long and troubled production history. Polygon Matt Patches and io9 James Whitbrook both highlighted the footage as the beginning of the DC multiverse on film, with its hints at Keaton's version of Batman and the reveal that Miller would portray multiple versions of Barry Allen. In February 2022, more footage was released as part of a teaser for Warner Bros.' 2022 slate of DC films, which also included The Batman, Black Adam, and Aquaman and the Lost Kingdom (before The Flash and Aquaman and the Lost Kingdom were delayed to 2023). A new trailer was shown at Warner Bros.' CinemaCon panel in April 2022 and was noted by attendees for Keaton's Batman reusing the line "You wanna get nuts? Let's get nuts" from Batman.

DC published a three-issue prequel comic book limited series titled The Flash: The Fastest Man Alive, written by Kenny Porter with art by Ricardo López Ortiz, Juan Ferreyra, and Jason Howard. Three issues of the comic series were released. It is set after the events of Justice League and depicts Batman training the Flash and the Flash's early days as he attempts to defeat the supervillains Girder, Tar Pit, and the Top. The first trailer for The Flash was shown during Super Bowl LVII on February 12, 2023, before playing in theaters ahead of Ant-Man and the Wasp: Quantumania. The trailer had the most engagement on social media, outpacing other trailers that were shown in the likes of Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 3 and Transformers: Rise of the Beasts, with RelishMix reporting the trailer gained 97.4M views within a 24-hour period. Many commentators highlighted Keaton's reprisal as Batman and Calle's role as Supergirl, and also noted the de-emphasized focus on Miller's Flash following their controversies. Charles Pulliam-Moore of The Verge particularly felt that "it's the other heroes they're [the Flash] going to be allying with who are likely to steal the show", and felt that Supergirl and Keaton's Batman were being posited as the film's "World's Finest", and expressed enthusiasm for Supergirl's role in the story. Alli Rosenbloom from CNN also praised Keaton's appearance, highlighting the usage of Danny Elfman's score from Batman, while Collier Jennings from Collider felt that trailer "certainly is working to sell the image that the wait was worth it".

In April 2023, Warner Bros. Discovery's Global Consumer Products division and DC unveiled a series of merchandise to coincide with the release of the film, including toys produced by Mattel, Funko, Spin Master, and McFarlane Toys, costumes by Rubies, and Puma shoes. It was also announced that a visual companion would accompany the film's release, titled The Flash: The Official Visual Companion: The Scarlet Speedster from Page to Screen, written by Richard Lotowcyz and published by Insight Editions. An in-progress cut of the film was screened at CinemaCon on April 25, 2023. Executive officers had approximated that WB had spent over $14 million to promote the film via TV spots and trailers during the 2023 NBA playoff. A second trailer and poster were released online the same day. Joshua Rivera at Polygon noted the trailer focused heavily on Keaton's Batman, including starting and ending with him, and felt it leaned into nostalgia, while David Crow of Den of Geek compared the trailer's tone and Batcave design to that of Christopher Nolan's The Dark Knight Trilogy (2005–2012). The final trailer was revealed on May 22, 2023, along with a new poster exclusive to the Chinese market. The trailer, set to Pink Floyd's "Time", confirmed the appearance of Jeremy Irons, reprising his DCEU role as Alfred Pennyworth.

Warner Bros. had difficulty marketing the film due to Miller's legal issues. As such, WB focused on marketing the "film itself", according to The Hollywood Reporter's Borys Kit and Aaron Couch, rather than focusing on Miller; during press conferences, WB opted to sideline Miller and pivoted towards director Andy Muschietti, producer Barbara Muschietti, and Sasha Calle to promote the film. The studio also made intensive efforts to highlight Keaton's role as Batman in order to introduce nostalgia, though Kit and Couch felt the results were mixed, as they opined some felt it was derivative of Spider-Man: No Way Home (2021). Additionally, the studio provided advanced screenings to various figures, including Tom Cruise and Stephen King, to improve discourse surrounding the film, while WBD CEO David Zaslav and DC Studios co-CEO and co-chairman James Gunn touted it as "among the greatest superhero movies of all time". Various insiders felt the marketing campaign was unconventional, who had felt WB was setting very high expectations for the film. As such, Miller ultimately attended the film's premiere for photos only and would not be interviewed.

Shortly after the film's release, a six-part Apple podcast that was intended to be a companion piece towards the film was announced. The podcast, titled The Flash: Escape the Midnight Circus, stars Max Greenfield as the voice of Barry Allen / The Flash. It was later established as a canonical continuation of the film, with the events of the podcast being set a few years after the film's ending. The series is set to be included with the movie's physical home media release.

Release
The Flash premiered on June 12, 2023, at Grauman's Chinese Theatre in Hollywood, Los Angeles. It was released by Warner Bros. Pictures in the United States on June 16, 2023. The film was initially scheduled for release on March 23, 2018, when Warner Bros. first announced its slate of DCEU films, before it was moved to March 16. In July 2016, this release date was given to Tomb Raider, and The Flash was not given another release date until the hiring of Andy Muschietti in July 2019, after which the film was slated for release on July 1, 2022. It was then moved up to June 3, 2022, before being delayed to November 4, 2022, after Warner Bros. shifted its release schedule because of the COVID-19 pandemic. Warner Bros. again adjusted the release date to June 23, 2023, in view of the impact of the pandemic on the workload of visual effects vendors before moving it forward a week to June 16, 2023, after positive test screenings.

Home media
The Flash was released on digital download by Warner Bros. Home Entertainment on July 18, 2023, released on the streaming service Max on August 25, and Ultra HD Blu-ray, Blu-ray and DVD on August 29, 2023.

Non-fungible token
On July 15, 2023, it was announced that The Flash would also be released on the non-fungible token (NFT) Eluvio blockchain the same day as its digital release, making it the first new-release film to be released in a blockchain.

Reception

Box office
The Flash grossed $108.1 million in the United States and Canada, and $162.5 million in other territories, for a worldwide gross of $270.6 million. Following its lackluster opening weekend, the film is considered one of the biggest box-office bombs of all time, with expected losses for Warner Bros. to be as much as $200 million.

In the United States and Canada, The Flash was released alongside Elemental and The Blackening, and was initially projected to gross $68–85 million from 4,234 theaters in its opening weekend. It was also expected to gross $85–95 million internationally, for a global opening of $155–165 million. However, after making $24.1 million on its first day (including from $9.7 million Thursday night previews), weekend estimates were lowered to $60 million. It went on to have a $55 million domestic opening, with an additional $75 million from international markets, for a worldwide debut of $130 million. In the United Kingdom and Ireland, the film debuted atop the box office with £4.2 million ($5.4 million). Several publications labeled the film a box office bomb, with The Hollywood Reporter calling it "snubbed" and /Film saying that the hype "proved to be hot air" following poor box-office returns. The poor box-office opening was attributed to various controversies surrounding Ezra Miller, mixed word-of-mouth, competition from Spider-Man: Across the Spider-Verse, early hype being "unwarranted", the imminent DCU reboot, decline of the superhero movie genre (being labeled "superhero fatigue"), and middling critical reviews. The film retained IMAX screens and other premium formats into the next weekend, which could have provided some padding from what was expected to be a steep box-office decline from its opening weekend. In its second weekend, the film dropped 72% to $15.1 million, the third-largest sophomore drop ever for a superhero film, behind Morbius (2022) and Steel (1997). In its third weekend, the film dropped another 65% to $5.2 million, losing 1,538 theaters and finishing in eighth place in the process.

Critical response
The Flash received mixed reviews from critics. Early reviews for the film generally praised the humor, action sequences, and the performances, but criticized the third act and visual effects. On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 63% based on 382 reviews, with an average rating of 6.3/10. The website's critical consensus reads, "The Flash is funny, fittingly fast-paced, and overall ranks as one of the best DC movies in recent years." Metacritic assigned the film a weighted average score of 55 out of 100 based on 55 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews". Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "B" on an A+ to F scale, tied with Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice (2016) as the lowest grade for a DCEU film, while PostTrak reported 77% of filmgoers gave it a positive score, with 59% saying they would definitely recommend it.

Rolling Stone David Fear said that "there are in-jokes and references to how this timeline differs from ours, along with Easter eggs, some cat's-out-the-bag cameos courtesy of a crisis on infinite earths, and a few secrets that are best kept as secrets. There are also action sequences that look more like video-game cut-scenes than blockbuster set pieces, and a post-credits bit that couldn't be more useless or grating. Superhero movies gonna superhero-movie. Even the superior ones." Joshua Yehl of IGN gave the film a 7 out of 10, stating: "The Flash is an ambitious superhero movie that largely pulls off its tale of two worlds, two Flashes, and two Batmans. The superhero fan service is strong with this one – perhaps too strong at times – but it never fully overshadows Barry Allen's genuinely tragic and heartfelt story of grief. Though the visual effects aren't always the best and the third act is a bit overwhelming, strong performances and a refreshing earnestness keep The Flash on track and running circles around many of the recent DC Universe movies. If this is the truly last stop on the Snyderverse express, then it's a respectable way to go out." Robert Kojder of Flickering Myth gave the film a negative review, writing "Whereas Spider-Man: Across the Spider-Verse tackles origin stories and trauma from refreshing angles, the narrative here goes along with genre clichés that have made these stories tiresome. Ezra Miller is the only decent aspect The Flash has going for it, and I shudder to think how awful the movie would be without them. They are stuck with the impossible task of finding and conveying substance within nostalgia bait that fails every other character and the bigger-picture narrative."

James Berardinelli, film critic for ReelViews, awarded the film 2.5 out of 4, stars writing, "Merely another in a string of lackluster big screen blockbusters." He also criticized the film for its nostalgic pandering and plot contrivance. David Rooney of The Hollywood Reporter said "If The Flash ultimately proves uneven, its wobbly climactic showdown far less interesting than the more character-driven buildup, the story’s core of a young man struggling to reconcile with the loss of his mother carries it through. Miller effectively layers that vein of melancholy beneath both the smart-aleck brashness of 18-year-old Barry and the rueful introspection of his older self." Reviewing the film for RogerEbert.com, Matt Zoller Seitz gave the film two and a half out of four stars, writing: "One of the most spectacular and frustrating mixed bags of the superhero blockbuster era, The Flash is simultaneously thoughtful and clueless, challenging and pandering. It features some of the best digital FX work I've seen and some of the worst."

The film was the subject of controversy over the ethics of its use of digital imagery to recreate the likenesses of deceased actors. In an interview with GamesRadar, director Andy Muschietti said when it came to these cameos, there was "total freedom". Jack King from GQ expressed concerns that the use of actors such as Christopher Reeve and Adam West was "the next step in the normalisation of a queasy, questionable trend in Hollywood, one in which actors are brought back from the grave using new computer techniques."

Accolades
The Flash received a nomination for Best Teaser at the 2022 Golden Trailer Awards.

Future
By October 2022, a script for a sequel had been written by David Leslie Johnson-McGoldrick, who wrote the Aquaman films, in the event The Flash performed well. The script reportedly included Keaton's Batman and Calle's Supergirl. Warner Bros. was not expected to retain Miller for future films because of the actor's controversies and legal issues, although some Warner Bros. executives were open to continuing with Miller by January 2023, since they began treatment. Later that month, DC Studios co-CEOs James Gunn and Peter Safran said there was potential for Miller to reprise their role in the new franchise, the DC Universe (DCU), but a decision on the character had not been made.

Gunn confirmed that The Flash would reset the continuity of the DCEU and, alongside Aquaman and the Lost Kingdom, would lead into the DCU's first film, Superman: Legacy (2025). Andy Muschietti said in May 2023 that if he and Barbara Muschietti were involved in a sequel, they would have Miller return, believing that there was not another actor who could portray this iteration of the character the same as Miller did. In June, he also said he would love to feature Eobard Thawne / Reverse-Flash as an antagonist for the sequel, while confirming that the character was responsible for Nora's death in this movie. In the same month, it was reported that a sequel could happen if the film managed to come close to the box-office revenue of The Batman (2022). However, in October 2023, Variety reported that no actors cast in DCEU films directed by Zack Snyder would be reprising their respective roles in the DCU going forward, including Ezra Miller as The Flash, effectively ending any chances of a sequel happening.

Notes

References

External links

2020s American films
2020s English-language films
2020s superhero films
2023 science fiction action films
Alien invasions in films
American fantasy films
American science fiction action films
American superhero films
Casting controversies in film
DC Extended Universe films
Films about miscarriage of justice
Films about mother–son relationships
Films about murder
Films about parallel universes
Films about time travel
Films directed by Andy Muschietti
Films postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic
Films scored by Benjamin Wallfisch
Films set in 2004
Films set in 2013
Films set in 2022
Films shot at Warner Bros. Studios, Leavesden
Films shot in Cambridgeshire
Films shot in Edinburgh
Films shot in Glasgow
Films shot in Hertfordshire
Films shot in London
Films with screenplays by Christina Hodson
Flash (comics) in other media
Matricide in fiction
Science fiction crossover films
Superhero crossover films
Warner Bros. films
Batman films
Superman films
Flash (comics) films
Non-fungible tokens


title: Saint-Esprit, Paris

text:
Saint-Esprit is a Catholic church in the 12th arrondissement of Paris, France, in the southeast of the city.

History

The population in the neighbourhood in the eastern part of the 12th arrondissement had been growing since 1860, creating a need for a large church. The triangular parcel of land the church now occupies between avenue Daumesnil and rue Claude Decaen was purchased in 1927 by the Archbishop, Cardinal Dubois, and his auxiliary Mgr Crépin.

The Église du Saint-Esprit was built between 1928 and 1935. The crypt was inaugurated in 1929 and served as a chapel while the upper part of the church was being built. The work progressed slowly due to lack of funding. When Cardinal Dubois died in 1929, he was replaced by Bishop Verdier, who resumed construction in 1932. His bust is above the main door.

The interior decor of the church was protected as a monument historique by the Ministry of Culture on 17 August 1979. The entire edifice was designated a historical monument in 1992.

Architecture
The architecture of the church—with its juxtaposition of Byzantine influence and reinforced concrete—is 'absolutely unique.'

The architect, Paul Tournon, designed and built the church, following a plan inspired by that of the Hagia Sophia in Istanbul.

The church has a huge dome —   in diameter with a summit  at  above ground level. The use of reinforced concrete for the vertical supports and the dome was a major technical feat at the time of construction.

The dome was designed to allow light to enter through the row of openings at its base. Nevertheless, some experts contend that the darkness of the interior interferes with the appreciation of the rich interior décor.

The reinforced concrete of the exterior has a facing of red bricks from Burgundy.

Interior

The interior was elaborately decorated (frescoes, mosaics, sculptures and stained glass windows) by the artists of the Ateliers d'Art Sacré, an association of Catholic artists dedicated to creating art in the service of God.

The interior is generally dark, giving the church its unique atmosphere.

The decoration illustrates the history of the 'church militant' and of the 'church triumphant' from the Pentecost to the 20th century. One of its main themes is the influence of the Holy Spirit on human history.

The frescoes are organised chronologically into 7 periods: 1. the Pentecost, including the intercession of the Virgin Mary and the descent of the Holy Spirit upon the Apostles; 2: the first to the fourth century, including the martyrdom of Saint Peter and Saint Jean's vision of the Apocalypse; 3. the fifth to the eleventh century, including the baptism of Clovis and Pope Gregory I defining the rules for Gregorian chants; 4. the twelfth to the thirteen century, including Bernard of Clairvaux's founding of the Cistercian monasteries and the construction of the first Gothic cathedrals; 5. the fourteenth to the fifteenth century, including Catherine of Siena in front of the papal palace in Avignon and the precursors of the Renaissance; 6. the sixteenth to the eighteenth century, including Henry IV with the Edict of Nantes, marking a step forward for religious tolerance and an end to the French Wars of Religion; 7. the nineteenth and twentieth century, including an image of the Holy Spirit overseeing the work of both the Holy Family and contemporary workers.

Most of the frescoes were painted onto wet cement and mistakes could not be corrected. To enhance the unity of the interior decor, the architect imposed a standard height for the depiction of all major characters, and red as the color of all the backgrounds.

Murals and frescoes were the work inter alia of Maurice Denis, Georges Desvallières, Robert Poughéon, Nicolas Untersteller and Elizabeth Branly.

Carlo Sarrabezolles sculpted the statues and the stained glass windows are the work of Louis Barillet, Paul Louzier and Jean Herbert-Stevens. Raymond Subes undertook the metalwork and Marcel Imbs made the mosaic and stained glass boxes of the crypt.

Organ
The choir organ was built by Gloton-Debierre after plans by Albert Alain, and was inaugurated by Jehan Alain in December 1934. There were also plans for a second, large organ, but it was never built due to lack of funding.

The church's first organist was the prodigious Jeanne Demessieux who worked there between 1933 and 1962.

Gallery

See also
 List of historic churches in Paris

References
Citations

Sources

Roman Catholic churches in the 12th arrondissement of Paris
Roman Catholic churches completed in 1935
Monuments historiques of Paris
Art Deco architecture in France
20th-century Roman Catholic church buildings in France


title: 1915 Yale Bulldogs football team

text:
The 1915 Yale Bulldogs football team was an American football team that represented Yale University as an independent during the 1915 college football season. The Bulldogs finished with a 4–5 record under second-year head coach Frank Hinkey.  It was the first losing season in Yale Bulldogs football history.  No Yale player was a consensus All-American, though guard Clinton Black was selected as a first-team player by New York sports writer Monty on his 1915 College Football All-America Team.

Schedule

References

Yale
Yale Bulldogs football seasons
Yale Bulldogs football


title: Dr. Boaz House

text:
The Dr. Boaz House is a historic house in rural western Clark County, Arkansas.  It is located on the south side of Arkansas Highway 26, just west of its junction with County Road 291, near the hamlet of Clear Spring.  The dog trot house was probably built c. 1891 by Samuel Peeples (whose family cemetery lies nearby) as a wedding present for his daughter Annie and Doctor A. Boaz.  The house is entirely vernacular in style, and is sheathed primarily in board-and-batten siding.  The northern (front) facade has a porch extending its full width, with a chimney on the exterior of the western wall. A kitchen ell extends to the rear (southward) of the western portion of the main block.  The house is the finest known instance of the vernacular dog trot form in Clark County.

The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.

See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Clark County, Arkansas

References

Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Arkansas
Houses in Clark County, Arkansas
National Register of Historic Places in Clark County, Arkansas


title: Elisabeth Thorsell

text:
Elisabeth Thorsell (born 15 August 1945) is a Swedish writer, professional genealogist and a veteran within the Swedish genealogical movement.

A Genealogical CV
Thorsell started her genealogical research in 1975. By the end of the 1970s it had developed into nearly a full-time occupation. She explained in an interview in 2007: "It was my maternal grandmother Elisabeth Nathorst and her family stories that made me interested in the past and in the lives of people […] My father Sven Dalhammar also made me interested to know more about our family." In 1980 Thorsell became treasurer and later (in 1984) the chairman of the Östgöta Genealogiska Förening (the Genealogical Society of the Province of Ostrogothia ). After having moved with her family at the year-end 1984–1985 from the city of Linköping to Stockholm, she was appointed secretary of the Genealogiska Föreningen (the Genealogical Association, a nationwide society for genealogists) in 1985. She was a member of the election committee participating in the foundation of the Federation of Swedish Genealogical Societies ("Sveriges Släktforskarförbund"). She became a member of its first board of directors and from 1986 to 1996 she was employed as the Federation's secretary. From 1992 to 2001 Thorsell was the editor of the Federation's genealogical magazine Släkthistoriskt forum.

Since January 2004, she is the editor of the quarterly magazine Swedish American Genealogist, published by the Swenson Swedish Immigration Research Center (Swenson Center) in Rock Island, Illinois. From 1987 to 2000 she edited the genealogical book series Svenska släktkalendern (Swedish Family Register). Since 2002, she publishes the electronic, genealogical magazine Vi släktforskare ("We Genealogists"), and she is, since 2007, the president of the Svenska Genealogiska Samfundet, a genealogical society with the sole purpose of publishing quality-assured articles on genealogical, biographical and related topics. As a professional genealogist specializing in emigration research she has (since 1975) primarily been researching Swedish families for Americans with a Swedish origin.

Publications
Elisabeth Thorsell has written a large number of articles and independent publications, from texts with a methodical, "how-to-do" focus to extensive investigations of specific families and biographies. The Swedish national union catalogue LIBRIS lists (as of July 2014) 205 publications to which she has contributed, as an independent writer, as a co-writer or in the capacity of editor. Most of the articles have been published in Släkthistoriskt Forum, the genealogical yearbook Släktforskarnas årsbok (both published by the Federation of Swedish Genealogical Societies), and Släkt och Hävd, a quarterly published by the Genealogiska Föreningen. Her works comprise a wide field of topics, with a special focus on Swedish emigrants in the USA such as: Utvandrare till USA: några förslag på hur du kan hitta dem (Emigrants to the USA: some suggestions how to find them (2011, ). Her handbook Släktforskning – vägen till din egen historia (Genealogical Research – The Road to Your Own History) has been published in several editions, the latest in a re-worked and extended version in August 2014 ().

Acclaim
In 1994, Elisabeth Thorsell was appointed corresponding member of the Genealogiska Samfundet i Finland ("Genealogical Society of Finland"). In 2006 she was awarded the Victor Örnbergs hederspris ("the Victor Örnberg Honorary Award") by the Federation of Swedish Genealogical Societies for her long-standing contributions to the Swedish genealogical movement.

References

External links

Swedish genealogists
Swedish editors
Swedish women editors
Swedish women writers
Living people
1945 births
Swedish women historians


title: Nermai

text:
Nermai ( ) is a 1985 Indian Tamil-language crime drama film, directed by R. Krishnamoorthy and produced by K. R. Gangadharan. The film stars Sivaji Ganesan, Sujatha, Prabhu and Radhika. It is a remake of the Hindi film Bulundi.

Plot

Gowrishankar is an Economics professor at a college where his younger sister Radha and the spoiled Raja are students. Raja's father Jaikumar is a smuggler that wants his son to lead a virtuous life away from crime. Raja, however, happily uses his father's wealth as a shield to act out at college and has several run-ins with Radha. A desperate Jaikumar appeals to Gowrishankar to help put Raja on the right path and the professor agrees. Raja is ungrateful and conspires to have Gowrishankar fired but soon realises the errors of his ways. He becomes a model student and falls in love with Radha. Jaikumar is elated and attempts to move away from his own illegal activities. This worries his partners, Seetharam and Pappa Naidu. They seek to protect themselves and set up several plots to neutralise Gowrishankar. Raja and Gowrishankar work together to protect their loved ones and stop the evil men.

Cast
Sivaji Ganesan as Professor Gowrishankar
Sujatha as Parvathi
Prabhu as Raja
Raadhika as Radha
Jaishankar as Jaikumar
M. N. Nambiar as Seetharam
Thengai Srinivasan as Pappa Naidu
Y. G. Mahendran as Govindan
Major Sundarrajan as Headmaster (Guest Appearance)
Vijayakumar as Doctor (Guest Appearance)
Manorama as Professor Kodi Malar
Rajeev as Krishnakumar (Guest Appearance)
Anuradha as Asha
Typist Gopu

Soundtrack
The music was composed by M. S. Viswanathan, with lyrics by Pulamaipithan.

References

External links

1980s Tamil-language films
1985 crime drama films
1985 films
Films scored by M. S. Viswanathan
Indian crime drama films
Tamil remakes of Hindi films


title: 1914 Yale Bulldogs football team

text:
The 1914 Yale Bulldogs football team represented Yale University in the 1914 college football season. The Bulldogs finished with a 7–2 record under first-year head coach Frank Hinkey.

Fullback Harry LeGore was a consensus All-American, and tackle Bud Talbot also received   honors from multiple selectors.

The Yale Bowl opened on November 21; the inaugural game was against rival Harvard, a 36–0 loss with a crowd of between 68,000 and 71,000 in attendance.

Schedule

References

Yale
Yale Bulldogs football seasons
Yale Bulldogs football


title: Patrick Maselis

text:
Patrick V.M.J. Maselis is a Belgian industrialist and philatelist who signed the Roll of Distinguished Philatelists in 2012. He is president of the Club de Monte-Carlo de l'Elite de la Philatélie. He was elected president of the Royal Philatelic Society London for two years from June 2017 in succession to Frank Walton.

Business career
Maselis is a chemist by training, and the managing director of a Belgian cereal manufacturing company.

Philately
Maselis specialises in the philately of Belgium and its former colonies.

References

External links
http://www.maselis.be/en/index.php

Belgian philatelists
Living people
Signatories to the Roll of Distinguished Philatelists
Year of birth missing (living people)
Belgian business executives
Presidents of the Royal Philatelic Society London
Flemish businesspeople


title: Charles Tudor Williams

text:
Charles Tudor Williams (April 13, 1839 – January 7, 1914) was an American businessman, author, composer, linguist, and educator.  He was an older brother to Edward Porter Williams, (co-founder of the Sherwin-Williams Company), and uncle of pioneering American Neurosurgeon Dr. Harvey Williams Cushing.

Biography
Charles was born in Cleveland to William and Laura Fitch Williams, the sixth of William's 10 children, and Laura's fourth child.

His father William migrated to what was then known as the "Western Reserve" with his parents in 1811, on his 8th birthday.  Laura was the daughter of Zalmon Fitch.  Zalmon served as President of Western Reserve Bank and Bank of Cleveland and was the founder and president of the Cleveland & Pittsburg Railroad, later merged with the Pennsylvania Railroad.

Charles attended Cleveland Central High School, the first free public high school West of the Allegheny Mountains, and was a classmate of John D. Rockefeller.  He completed his college education at Western Reserve College (now Case Western Reserve University) in 1861 and also studied at Cleveland Medical College (also now part of Case Western Reserve University).  He then returned to Western Reserve College as a tutor.  In 1862, the entire college, including professors, responded to the call for troops to serve in the civil war.  Charles enlisted for three months in the Eighty-Fifth Ohio Regiment, serving with his brother Edward in Company B.  However, he was mustered out due to disability after two months, on the same day that his brother was promoted to Corporal.

After serving in the war, Charles, his brother Edward, and Edward L. Day formed the Day & Williams Glass Company (aka Day, Williams & Co. and Kent Rock Glass Company).  The company was successful from 1865 to 1887, when competitors with access to newly available natural gas were able to underbid companies like his that relied specifically on coal.  Edward Williams left the company in 1870 to form his famous partnership with Henry Sherwin.

Taking a break from the business world, Charles accepted a Professorship teaching Greek at Cleveland Central High School in 1887.  Charles taught until 1892, publishing a study guide book in 1890 that is still in print (reprint) as of 2014.

In 1892, Charles moved to Chicago and engaged in the import of sugar and fruit as the owner of C.T. Williams Co.  In 1896, he was recruited to manage and serve as the vice president of the Cleveland Box Company, a position that he held until his death.  While under his leadership the Cleveland Box Company engaged in business across the country and patented a line of special boxes.

Mr. Williams served as a member of the boards of directors for the Merchants & Manufacturers Insurance Company, General Package Company of New York city, Lake Superior Construction Company, and National Box Association of the United States, serving as presiding officer of the National Box Association for one year.

An expert linguist, Charles spoke fluent French and German, and readily read Greek and Latin.  Also a passionate musician, he composed and performed as an organist under the nom de plume of "Guglielimi", and played the organ and led the choir in the First Congregational Church of Kent, Ohio for 25 years.

Charles married Mary P. Carver in 1866 in Kent, Ohio, and they had two sons; Dr. William Carver Williams and Day Williams.  Mary was a descendant of famed explorer Jonathan Carver and Robert Carver, one of the early (1638) Plymouth Colony settlers and brother of the first governor of Plymouth Colony, John Carver.  Mary died in 1896, and in 1907, he married Mari Carlson, from Sweden.

References

 The ancestors and descendants of Ebenezer and Martha Porter Williams of Painesville, Ohio, of the fourth generation in America: including biographical material and genealogies of the families of their ten children, Percy Williams Lewis, 1974

Businesspeople from Cleveland
Case Western Reserve University alumni
Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine alumni
1914 deaths
1839 births
Union Army soldiers
19th-century American businesspeople


title: 2014 IPC Swimming European Championships – Men's 4 × 100 metre medley relay

text:
The Men's 1000 metre x 4 medley at the 2014 IPC Swimming European Championships was held at the Pieter van den Hoogenband Swimming Stadium, in Eindhoven from 4–10 August.

As with other disability relay events, the medley works on a points system whereby the classification numbers of each swimmer are totaled to give a number no higher than 34.

Medalists

See also
List of IPC world records in swimming

References

Medley relay 100 m mens


title: Lee Tae-ho (footballer, born 1991)

text:
Lee Tae-ho (; born 16 March 1991 as Lee Joo-young) is a South Korean footballer who plays as a centre-back for Seoul E-Land on loan from Gangwon FC. He legally changed his name from Lee Joo-young to Lee Tae-ho in 2018.

Career
He joined Montedio Yamagata in 2013.

References

External links

Lee Tae-ho at Asian Games Incheon 2014

1991 births
Living people
Men's association football central defenders
South Korean men's footballers
South Korean expatriate sportspeople in Japan
South Korean expatriate men's footballers
J2 League players
Montedio Yamagata players
Tochigi SC players
JEF United Chiba players
Kamatamare Sanuki players
Gangwon FC players
Seoul E-Land FC players
Korea National League players
K League 1 players
K League 2 players
Expatriate men's footballers in Japan
Sungkyunkwan University alumni
Footballers at the 2014 Asian Games
Asian Games medalists in football
Asian Games gold medalists for South Korea
Medalists at the 2014 Asian Games
South Korea men's under-20 international footballers
South Korea men's under-23 international footballers


The 2013–14 Bosnia and Herzegovina Hockey League season was the sixth season of the Bosnia and Herzegovina Hockey League (BHHL). Four teams participated in the league, and HK Stari Grad won the championship.

Regular season

Final

External links
 Season on Bosnian Hockey Federation website

Bos
Bosnia and Herzegovina Hockey League seasons
2013–14 in Bosnia and Herzegovina ice hockey


title: D. Kent Morest

text:
D. Kent Morest, M.D. (October 4, 1934, in Kansas City, Missouri – December 30, 2020, in Cambridge, Massachusetts) was an American educator and researcher. He is regarded as "the father of modern neuroanatomy of the auditory system.". His unconventional use of Golgi methods to study the neuroanatomy of the auditory nervous system in humans and mammals laid the foundation for investigations into central auditory signal processing. Other notable research interests included developmental neurobiology, and the processes related to hearing loss induced by exposure to loud noises.

Education
Morest graduated with honors from the University of Chicago in 1955. As a medical school student, he was a fellow at the Montreal Neurological Institute, a Brown Student Fellow at Yale, and a Foreign Fellow of Yale at University College London. He received his M.D. with honors from Yale University in 1960.

Professional career

Morest is best known for his usage of Golgi's method and detail-oriented microscopy work throughout his research career, which led to the uncovering of important advances in understanding neural structure and function. Rather than using the traditional method of presenting the cells treated with Golgi techniques as opaque blobs on a neutral background, he took the unconventional step of including illustrations of the textures, dimensions, and surfaces of the cells in his studies, which he believed allowed for a richer understanding of the microscopist’s experience. He spearheaded the advancement of neuroscience (particularly auditory neuroscience) at the University of Connecticut Health Center (UCHC). He also founded the High Tech Center at UCHC. Morest was vital to the creation of the neuroscience doctoral program as well as the Department of Neuroscience at the University of Connecticut.

Timeline

 1955 A.B. University of Chicago
 1960 M.D. Yale University
 1960-1963 Senior Assistant Surgeon, Neuroanatomical Sciences, NIH
 1963-1965 Assistant Professor of Anatomy, University of Chicago
 1965-1977 Assistant, Associate Professor, Anatomy Department, Harvard Medical School
 1977-2000 Professor of Anatomy, University of Connecticut
 2000-2012 Professor of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut (retirement)

Awards

 The Charles Judson Herrick Award for Meritorious Contributions to Comparative Neurology, 1966, American Association of Anatomists.
 Charles N. Loeser Award for Excellence in Teaching in the Basic Medical Sciences, The University of Connecticut Health Center, 1981.
 Jacob Javits Neuroscience Investigator Award, 1984, NINDS, NIH.
 Claude Pepper Award, 1990, NIDCD, NIH.
 Professional Achievement Award, 2009, University of Chicago Alumni, University of Chicago.

Personal life
In 1963, Morest married lab technician Rosemary Richtmyer. They had two children, Lydia and Claude.

Publications
Morest has authored, co-authored and edited a number of books and articles.

Selected Papers

Books

References

External links

 Publications from 1960-2003

Living people

1934 births


title: Matthew Frank

text:
Matthew Frank is a British television executive who is currently CEO of The RightsXchange, a new online marketplace for secondary TV rights. Matthew was formerly the CEO of RDF Rights and of Zodiak Rights and is also a company director of Dial Square 86

Personal life and education

Matthew Frank was born in Nakuru, Kenya – the youngest of five children - where his father Peter worked for the Kenyan government running dairy farms. His family later moved to Malawi and Matthew was sent to boarding school in the UK. Matthew attended Austin Friars School in Carlisle before going on to study a Bsc (Hons) in Animal Science at London University (Wye College), graduating with a 2nd class degree.

Career
Matthew’s first job after university was working for the Ministry of Agriculture as a Dairy Husbandry Advisor. He then went on to work as a commodity broker in The City of London trading sugar, coffee and potato futures for 5 years before changing direction and becoming a freelance radio journalist in 1990. He was a regular contributor on BBC Radio Four and Five and worked on shows such as Woman’s Hour, Science Now, The Health Show, The AM Alternative, and GLR Sports desk

RDF

In 1994 Matthew joined his brother, David, at the production company RDF where Matthew was responsible for setting up the distribution arm, RDF Rights. The business began selling a small number of short news and business features each month but grew into one of the UK’s leading independent distributors of both television programmes produced by RDF and other independent producers  with an annual turnover of around £30m, also being voted number 1 Distributor in Broadcast Magazine’s Peer Poll survey in 2006, 2007 and 2009.

By 2005, RDF revenues exceeded £40m and the company was floated on the London Stock Exchange (AIM) with a valuation of £49m.

In 2009, with revenues of approximately £150m, Matthew Frank was part of the members of the RDF management team that, supported by Cyrte Investments, led a management buy-out of the company for around £53m.

RDF merged with Zodiak in 2010 to become Zodiak Media, and Matthew Frank was named CEO of the newly created Zodiak Rights.

Zodiak

The acquisition of RDF by Zodiak created one of the largest television ‘super-indies’ in the world, producing entertainment, factual, drama and kids' programming, with 45 companies operating in 17 countries and $800 million in annual revenues. Although Frank and other senior executives at the time were based in London, Zodiak Media Group is headquartered in Paris and with other key offices in, Los Angeles, Milan, Stockholm and Moscow. It is majority-owned by Italian conglomerate De Agostini and operates across the world.

Following the resignation of his brother, David Frank, as CEO of Zodiak Media Group in late 2013,  Matthew Frank stepped down as CEO of Zodiak Rights in January 2014 and was succeeded in the position by Steve Macallister. By the time of his resignation, Frank had helped create a company that distributed 20,000 hours of content across the world including shows such as So You Think You Can Dance, Wife Swap, The Secret Millionaire, Being Human and The Returned.

Dial Square 86 and TRX

In 2014, Matthew joined his brother David Frank in creating Dial Square 86, a next-generation content group which specialises in creating, financing and exploiting audio-visual content for media platforms worldwide. The company launched in October 2014  announcing its first acquisition, that of YouTube talent agency Red Hare Digital  and announcing plans to invest in and acquire other companies that create, enhance or exploit content online or on TV.

In June 2015, Dial Square 86 announced the creation of The RightsXchange (TRX), an online marketplace for TV rights. It was announced that Matthew Frank was to become CEO of TRX, with David Frank acting as Chairman of TRX, and remaining as CEO of parent company Dial Square 86.

References

1961 births
Living people
British television executives
British radio journalists
Alumni of Wye College
People from Nakuru


title: Thomas Berly

text:
Thomas  Burleigh Kurishingal is an Indian actor, director, producer, script writer, music composer in Malayalam cinema, and author of  in English.

Biography
He was born to Kurishingal K. J. Berly (also spelt Burleigh) a freedom fighter and Annie Burleigh (a woman activist and leader of the pre-independence era who led a satyagraha against toddy shops in fort Cochin), on 1 September 1932 at Fort Kochi, Kerala. His debut movie was Thiramala in 1953 as a 21 year old perhaps becoming one of the youngest heroes in Malayalam film industry at that time. He later went to do a course on acting in University of California, Los Angeles. There he acted in a few English movies and television series in small roles. He acted in a Hollywood movie Never So Few in 1959. He produced an English movie, Maya for children. He is also interested in magic, violin, Madeleine instrumental music and painting. His painting Galiyan is selected and shown on International festivals. Later in 1969 he came back and started seafood exporting business. In 1973 he directed a movie, Ithu Manushyano?. Popular song Sughamoru bindu dukhamoru bindu is from this movie. Then he directed Vellarikkaappattanam in 1985 with Veteran actor Prem Nazir as hero. He published a collection of English writings to his credit Beyond Heart (published 2000), which prose-poetry, Fragrant Petals (2004), in memory of his father. He has also published a cartoon book, O Kerala (2007). and Sacred Savage, a historical novel (2017). He is married to Sophy. They have three children, Tanya, Tarun and Tamina and three grandchildren Tahir, Kiara and Kayaan. He currently resides at his family home in Fort Kochi, Kerala.

Filmography

As an actor
 Thiramaala (1953)
 Double Barrel (2015)

Direction
 Ithu Manushyano (1973)
 Vellarikkaappattanam (1985)

Story
 Ithu Manushyano? (1973)
 Vellarikkaappattanam (1985)

Screenplay
 Ithu Manushyano? (1973)
 Vellarikkaappattanam (1985)

Production
 Ithu Manushyano? (1973)
 Vellarikkaappattanam (1985)

Dialogue
 Ithu Manushyano? (1973)

Music
 "Mangalangal"... Vellarikkaappattanam (1985)
 "Romaancham Poothirangum"... Vellarikkaappattanam
 "Hemantha Kalam" ... Vellarikkaappattanam

References

External links

Male actors from Kochi
Male actors in Malayalam cinema
Indian male film actors
Malayalam film directors
Malayalam screenwriters
Malayalam film producers
Malayalam film score composers
1932 births
Living people
Film producers from Kochi
Film directors from Kochi
Musicians from Kochi
20th-century Indian film directors
Screenwriters from Kochi


title: Florin Plămadă

text:
Florin Constantin Plămadă (born 30 April 1992) is a Romanian professional footballer who plays as a centre back for Liga II club Chindia Târgoviște.

Club career

Politehnica Iași
After some impressive performances for Foresta Suceava in the beginning of the 2013–14 season, Politehnica Iași secured the loan of Plămadă for the rest of the campaign.

In June 2013, after Politehnica Iași secured the promotion from Liga II, Plămadă prolonged his loan for another year so he cold make his debut in the Liga I.

Personal life
Florin's older brother Ionuț is also a footballer who spent most of his career in the Romanian second division Liga II, they played together at Rapid CFR Suceava.

Honours
Rapid CFR Suceava
Liga III: 2011–12

Politehnica Iași
Liga II: 2013–14, 2022–23

References

External links

1992 births
Living people
People from Rădăuți
Romanian men's footballers
Romania men's under-21 international footballers
Men's association football defenders
Liga I players
Liga II players
Liga III players
ACS Foresta Suceava players
CS Otopeni players
FC Politehnica Iași (2010) players
FC Botoșani players
FC Petrolul Ploiești players
FC Metaloglobus București players
AFC Chindia Târgoviște players
Footballers from Suceava County


title: Youssou Lo

text:
Youssou Lo (born 19 March 1992) is a Senegalese footballer who plays for Olhanense.

Club career
Born in Dakar, Senegal, Lo joined Italian club Udinese Calcio at young age. In 2011 Lo joined Serie B club Vicenza. He made his Serie B debut on 25 August 2012, the first round of 2012–13 Serie B. In January 2013 he left for Slovenian club Celje.

On 12 August 2014 Lo was sold to Serie A club Internazionale. He was immediately left for Portuguese club Olhanense in order to give Inter a non-EU signing quota for international transfer for Chilean Gary Medel.

References

External links
 Lega Serie A profile
 AIC profile (data by football.it)

Senegalese men's footballers
Udinese Calcio players
LR Vicenza players
NK Celje players
S.C. Olhanense players
Serie B players
Men's association football forwards
Senegalese expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in Italy
Expatriate men's footballers in Slovenia
Senegalese expatriate sportspeople in Italy
Senegalese expatriate sportspeople in Slovenia
Footballers from Dakar
1992 births
Living people


title: Needhiyin Nizhal

text:
Needhiyin Nizhal () is a 1985 Indian Tamil-language action comedy film, directed by Bharathi-Vasu and produced by Santhi Narayanasamy. The film stars Sivaji Ganesan, Radha, Prabhu and M. N. Nambiar. It was released on 13 April 1985.

Plot

To the general public, Krishna Prasad (M. N. Nambiar) is known as a rich do-gooder that conducts weddings for the poor and gets the couples jobs in foreign countries. In reality, it is a ploy to traffic the brides into sex work. Along with his associates Ethiraj (Vinu Chakravarthy), Nagaraj (Sathyaraj) and Sukumar (Sivachandran), he manages to evade the law and avoid any consequences for his actions. D.I.G Nithyanandam attempts to catch Krishna Prasad but is shot multiple times and lands in a wheel chair. Nithyanandam's oldest son is Vijay (Prabhu), a recent college grad that is nursing a broken heart after his girlfriend Swapna (Radha) suddenly dumps him. Vijay always gets into fights as he insists on standing up for what's right. He is inspired to join the police after his father is hurt. Vijay sets out to catch Krishna Prasad's group but for every step closer he gets toward his goal, he suffers. He loses his friend Mohan (Chandrasekhar), his parents and younger brother Dileep. He is also beaten badly and presumed dead. Vijay uses this as an opportunity to go  undercover and catch his enemies. In the process, he also learns some shocking truths about his past and his family.

Cast
Sivaji Ganesan as D.I.G Nithyanandam
Radha as Swapna
Prabhu as Vijay
M. N. Nambiar as Krishna Prasad
Major Sundarrajan as Police Officer
Chandrasekhar as Mohan
Sathyaraj as Nagaraj
Loose Mohan as Bhai
Vinu Chakravarthy as Ethiraj
Srividya as Vijay's Mother
Nizhalgal Ravi as James
Sivachandran as Sukumar
Y. G. Mahendran as Unni

Soundtrack
The soundtrack was composed by Shankar–Ganesh and the lyrics were by Vaali.

References

External links

1980s Tamil-language films
1985 films
Films directed by P. Vasu
Films directed by Santhana Bharathi
Films scored by Shankar–Ganesh
Indian action comedy films


title: Calisto da Costa

text:
Calisto da Costa (born 6 February 1979) is an East Timorese athlete. He was one of the first athletes to represent East Timor at the Olympic Games, when he competed at the Men's Marathon at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, though he technically competed as an individual athlete because East Timor was newly independent and had not yet been formally recognized by the International Olympic Committee.  Costa was one of the ten East Timorese athletes who received training in Darwin, Northern Territory prior to his participation in the Sydney Olympic Games. He finished in 71st place at 2:33:11.

Besides competing in the 2000 Summer Olympics, Costa also competed in the Dili-Marathon where he finished 3rd place at 2:34:52, and in the 2011 New York City Marathon where he finished 276th place at 2:46:04.

References

External links

1979 births
Living people
East Timorese male long-distance runners
Olympic athletes for East Timor
Athletes (track and field) at the 2000 Summer Olympics
People from Dili
East Timorese male marathon runners


title: Angola Music Awards

text:
The Angola Music Awards (AMA) is an organization of Mener Group with special partnership of the Angolan Ministry of Culture. It is held annually and included in the official program of Fenacult. The awards highlight the work of the popular artists and creators of Angolan music.
 AMA's main aim is the cultural value of music of Angola, the promotion of new values and a tribute to creators and performers who have made the history of country music.

2015 edition
The 2015 Angola Music Awards was held on May 30, 2015, in the eastern province of Lunda Sul. This marked the first time the award show was hosted outside of the capital city Luanda.

Winners

Best Musical Producer: "Filho dessa luta" Mvula / Miguel Camilo

Album of the Year: "Filho Meu" Yola Semedo

Group of the Year: "Kwatsiru" Tchobari

Best Eastern Popular Music Angola: "É mamé" Lemba Catchiokwe

Best North Popular music Angola: "Matonti" Kyaku Kyadaff

Best Semba, "Você me abana" Yola Semedo

Best Gospel: "Meu Tudo" Angospel

Best Afro-Jazz / World Music: "Ame Ndu Ku Sole" Totó ST

Best Afro-House / Dance, "Encosta na dama do outro" Bebucho Q Kuia

Best Rap / Hip-Hop: "Mesmo Assim" NGA

Artist of the Year: Anna Joyce

Best R & B / Soul, "Curtição (A resposta)" - Anna Joyce

Female Artist of the Year: Yola Semedo

Music D'Ouro, "Curtição (A resposta)" - Ricardo Lemvo

Best Kuduro: "São vocês" Pai Latifa

Best Music Video Clip: "Amor Robótico" Coréon Dú

Best DJ: DJ Paulo Alves

Best Kizomba: "Volta amor" Yola Semedo

Male Artist of the Year: NGA

Song of the Year: "Meu Tudo" Bruna Tatiana

2014 edition

The 2nd edition gala of the Angola Music Awards was held on September 13, 2014, in Luanda. The show was broadcast nationally and internationally by TPA, African Music Channel, and RTP channels.

Winners

Album of the Year  -  "A Dor do Cupido" Anselmo Ralph

Best Female Artist – Ary

Best Male Artist - Anselmo Ralph

Best Upcoming Artist – Kyaku Kyadaff

Best Musical Group - Café Negro

Best Afro-House/Dance – "Mwangolé" Djeff Afrozila

Best Afro-Jazz/ World Music – "Luandense" Sandra Cordeiro

Best Gospel – "Zungueira" Irmã Sofia

Best Kizomba – "Entre Sete Sete & Rosa" Kyaku Kyadaff

Best Kuduro – "Filho de Deus" W King

Best Central Angolan Pop Music - "Velho Xico" Nelo Carvalho

Best East Angolan Pop Music - "Mulekeleke" Gabriel Tchiema

Best North Angolan Pop Music – "ZUNGUEIRA" Irmã Sofia

Best South Angolan Pop Music – "Efiya Dange" Miss Olívia

Best Musical Producer – "Homenagem" DJ Dias Rodrigues

Best R&B/Soul – "Única Mulher" Anselmo Ralph

Best Rap/Hip-Hop – "Fuba" Elenco de Luxo

Best Semba – "Monami" Eddy Tussa

Best Video – "Set me Free (Zouk Kizombada Remix)" Coréon Dú

Best DJ – Paulo Alves

Golden Song – "Vovó Angola" Nelo Carvalho

Song of the Year – "Entre Sete Sete & Rosa" Kyaku Kyadaff

Most Requested Song – "Tunga Né" Paulo Garcia

Most Popular Web Artist - Anselmo Ralph

References

Angolan music
African music awards


title: 2013–14 Israeli Hockey League season

text:
The 2013–14 Israeli Hockey League season was the 23rd season of the Israeli Hockey League, the top level of ice hockey in Israel. Eight teams participated in the league, and the Rishon Devils won the championship for the 2nd time in a row.

First round

North

Center

Final round

3rd place

Maccabi Metulla - HC Ma'alot
0 : 2

Final

Rishon Devils - Horses Kfar Saba
9:1 (1:1, 4:0, 4:0)

References

External links
Israeli Hockey League hawkshaifa.com

Isr
Israeli League (ice hockey) seasons
Seasons


title: Cynoglossum troodi

text:
Cynoglossum troodi, Troodos hound's tongue is an erect, perennial herb, 10–25 cm high, with branched stems covered with stiff hairs. Leaves alternate, simple, entire, stalkless, oblong to lanceolate, densely hairy, the basal in tufts, 2-5 x 0.5–1 cm, the upper sparse and smaller. Flowers actinomorphic  in cymose inflorescences, very small, corolla brick-red, tubular, 5-lobed. Flowers May–August. Fruit of 4 nutlets with rigid spinules.

Habitat
In Pinus nigra ssp. pallasiana and Juniperus foetidissima forests on serpentine in Troödos forest at 1500–1950 m altitude.

Distribution
Endemic to Cyprus, common on the higher parts of the Troödos forest, Khionistra, Prodromos, Chromion, Troödos square and Kryos Potamos.

References

External links
 http://www.troodos-geo.org/upload/20130925/1380118849-21950.jpg
 http://www.ncu.org.cy/troodos/lang1/gallery/Cynoglossum-troodi-web.jpg
 http://www.natureofcyprus.org/uploadimages/Cynoglossumtroodi600450endem.jpg

troodi
Endemic flora of Cyprus


title: 2013–14 Lithuanian Hockey League season

text:
The 2013–14 Lithuanian Hockey League season was the 23rd season of the Lithuanian Hockey League, the top level of ice hockey in Lithuania. 14 teams participated in the league, and Kaliningrado Delovaja Rus won the championship.

Regular season

Eastern Division

Central Division

Western Division

(*Withdrew from the league after two games.)

Playoffs

Quarterfinals
Kauno Baltų-Ainiai 11 - Kauno Sparnai-Staklės 5
Kaliningrado Delovaja Rus 11 - Vilnius Hockey Punks 1
Bizonai Kaunas II 2 - Šiaulių Ledo linija 5
Elektrėnų Lokiai-Poseidonas 1 - Rokiškio Rokiškis 2

Semifinals
Kaliningrado Delovaja Rus 7 - Šiaulių Ledo linija 0
Kauno Baltų-Ainiai 0 - Rokiškio Rokiškis 4

3rd place game
Kauno Baltų-Ainiai 1 - Šiaulių Ledo linija 10

Final
 Kaliningrado Delovaja Rus 11 - Rokiškio Rokiškis 4

External links
 Lithuanian Ice Hockey Federation website

Lith
Lithuania Hockey League seasons
2013 in Lithuanian sport
2014 in Lithuanian sport


title: Caplansky's Delicatessen

text:
Caplansky's Delicatessen is a delicatessen in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It originated in 2007 in a room in the Monarch Tavern on Clinton Street which Zane Caplansky rented as a venue to make and sell house-cured hand-cut smoked meat sandwiches and knishes. The venture was successful and in 2009, Caplansky opened his eponymous full service delicatessen located at 356 College Street near Kensington Market. Caplansky's opened a food truck, named "Thunderin' Thelma", in 2011, which travelled to various events and locations in the city to sell food on the street.

In 2013, Caplansky's launched a line of mustards in grocery stores and specialty shops across Ontario, Quebec, and Nova Scotia.

Caplansky's received worldwide publicity the next year when it sponsored the Toronto Palestine Film Festival.

In August 2014, Caplansky's opened a franchise at Pearson International Airport.  Another location opened in Toronto's Yorkville area.

In 2016, Caplansky's sued its College Street landlord after the landlord padlocked the premises after declaring the Caplansky's lease to be terminated due to a dispute over repairs. A month later, the Ontario Superior Court validated the lease and returned "exclusive possession" of the premises to Caplansky's, ordering the landlord to allow Caplansky's to resume operations.

On January 3, 2018, Zane Caplansky announced the closure of the College location stating that business had never recovered from the 2016 interruption of business. Caplansky's also faced mounting legal costs due to continuing disputes with the landlord. Caplansky's Yorkville location closed suddenly on January 31, 2018 after, frustrated by only breaking even, Caplansky's partner in the Yorkville location bought out the lease and terminated it.

Since its College location's closure, the store was renovated and has become the flagship store for a world famous Japanese confectionery store by the name of LeTAO who sells cheesecakes, chocolates, and cookies all flown in from Hokkaido, Japan. LeTAO with its tagline of "Nostalgic Modern" transformed the space, refinishing the century old Italian Terrazzo floors and refurbishing the Toronto famous brick walls. LeTAO has since closed as well.

The airport location, which is owned by HMSHost and licences the Caplansky's name, remains in operation, while the food truck is no longer operating and has been sold.

In 2019, Caplansky's launched a food stand at the Rogers Centre and re-launched a line of mustards, selling them online.

See also

 List of Ashkenazi Jewish restaurants
 List of delicatessens

References

External links
Caplansky's Deli

Ashkenazi Jewish culture in Toronto
Ashkenazi Jewish restaurants
Jewish delicatessens in Canada
Restaurants in Toronto
Tourist attractions in Toronto
Restaurants established in 2009
Jewish Canadian cuisine
Jews and Judaism in Toronto
Kensington Market


title: Ardlair Stone

text:
The Ardlair Stone is a class I Pictish stone that stands in a field in Ardlair, Kennethmont, Aberdeenshire, Scotland. It is associated with a number of other stones that have been proposed by some to be the remains of a recumbent stone circle.

Description
A rough hewn stone of grey Gneiss, the stone was identified as Pictish in 1901. The stone bears the incised symbols of the Pictish beast, the tuning fork and the mirror.

References

External links

Pictish stones
Pictish stones in Aberdeenshire
Scheduled Ancient Monuments in Aberdeenshire


title: 2014 IPC Swimming European Championships – Women's 4 × 100 metre medley relay

text:
The Women's 100 metre x 4 medley at the 2014 IPC Swimming European Championships was held at the Pieter van den Hoogenband Swimming Stadium, in Eindhoven from 4–10 August.

As with other disability medley events, the freestyle works on a points system whereby the classification numbers of each swimmer are totaled to give a number no higher than 34.

Medalists

See also
List of IPC world records in swimming

References

freestyle medley 100 m women
2014 in women's swimming


title: 1913 Yale Bulldogs football team

text:
The 1913 Yale Bulldogs football team represented Yale University in the 1913 college football season. The Bulldogs finished with a 5–2–3 record.

Howard Jones, who had previously coached Yale to a national championship in 1909, was hired in February 1913 to return as Yale's head coach.

Yale tackle Bud Talbott was a consensus pick for the 1913 College Football All-America Team, and four other Yale players (end Benjamin F. Avery and linemen Hank Ketcham, John S. Pendleton and William Marting) received first-team All-America honors from at least one selector.

Schedule

References

Yale
Yale Bulldogs football seasons
Yale Bulldogs football


title: Jónas Sigurðsson

text:
Jónas Sigurðsson at times just Jónas Sig (born c. 1974) is a well-known Icelandic singer. He performs solo and with his band Ritvélar Framtíðarinnar.

He started in Iceland with the band Sólstrandargæjarnir gaining fame with the song "Rangur maður". After the breakup of the band he moved for some years to Denmark, before returning to Iceland in 2007 releasing his debut album Þar sem malbikið svífur mun ég dansa which critics considered as one of the best Icelandic albums of the year. His follow-up album with the introduction of his new band Ritvélar Framtíðarinnar was Allt er eitthvað in 2010. The band is made up of Stefán Örn Gunnlaugsson (keyboards) and Ingi Björn Ingason (bass), Ómar Guðjónsson (guitar), Rósa Guðrún Sveinsdóttir (saxophone, backing vocals), Steinar Sigurðarson (saxophone), Snorri Sigurðarson and Kjartan Hákonarson (trumpet), Samúel Jón Samúelson (trombone), Kristinn Snær Agnarsson (drums), Kristjana Stefánsdóttir (glockenspiel, percussion, backing vocals).

His third album inspired by the sea was Þar sem himin ber við haf performed with the Icelandic brass band collective Lúðrasveit Þorlákshafnar.

Discography

Albums
2007: Þar sem malbikið svífur mun ég dansa
2010: Allt er eitthvað
2012: Þar sem himin ber við haf
2018: Milda hjartað

Singles
2010: "Þyrnigerðið"
2014: "Hafið er svart" (with brass band Lúðrasveit Þorlákshafnar)
2015: "Af ávöxtunum skuluð þið þekkja þá"

References

External links
facebook

Jonas Sigurdsson
1974 births
Living people