title: 1000 Heartbeats

text:
1000 Heartbeats is a British daytime game show that aired on ITV which ran from 23 February 2015 to 15 January 2016, hosted by Vernon Kay.

Format
Wearing an electronic heart-rate counter and standing on a lighted circular platform known as "The Plate," a single contestant answers questions in order to win money over a total of seven rounds. While a round is in progress, the contestant's heartbeats are continuously counted and deducted from an initial total of 1,000. If the total reaches zero, the game ends immediately, the contestant is defeated and leaves empty-handed. During gameplay, the contestant's heart rate is displayed on a monitor and relayed to a live string quartet playing the show's musical score; they adjust their tempo (beats per minute) to match the heart rate and maximise tension.

The contestant must give seven correct answers to complete Round 1, and the required number decreases by one for each subsequent round (six in Round 2, five in Round 3, etc.). Each incorrect answer deducts 25 heartbeats (50 from Series 3 to present). The contestant may change out a question by stepping off the Plate, at a cost of 100 beats (50 in Series 1). Any correct answers given prior to stepping off are counted toward the number required to complete each round once play resumes.

Each completed round increases the contestant's winnings to as follows:
Round 1 – £250
Round 2 – £500
Round 3 – £1,000
Round 4 – £2,500
Round 5 – £5,000
Round 6 – £10,000
Round 7 – £25,000

At the start of each new round, the contestant is shown an example of the game to be played and may choose to "Cash Out" with the money banked to that point rather than play on. In order to win the money, they must complete one final "Cashout Round."

Games
Round 1 – £250
Compare: The contestant is shown a single comparative question, followed by several pairs of answers, and must choose the answer from each pair that satisfies the question. Seven correct answers are required to advance. This game was added in Series 2.
Contrast: The contestant is shown a single pair of answer options, followed by several statements. For each one, the contestant must choose the answer that satisfies it. Seven correct answers are required to advance.

Round 2 – £500
Reflection: The contestant is shown an analog clock that has been reflected horizontally and must correctly announce six different times to advance. This game was added in Series 2.
Reorder: The contestant is shown a list of six items and must place them in a specified order to advance.
Unravel: The contestant is shown a rotating circle of six, seven, eight or nine letters which spell out a word in the proper order. The contestant must find six words to advance.

Round 3 – £1,000
Assemble: The contestant is shown a photograph of a celebrity for five seconds. The image then disappears and is replaced by a copy with five pieces missing and three intact. One hole is highlighted, and the contestant must choose the correct piece to fill it from 12 options. Some of the possible pieces may have been rotated from their original orientation, increasing the difficulty. The contestant must fill all five holes in order to advance.
Definition: The contestant is shown a row of blanks corresponding to the number of letters in a word and the word's definition. One letter is given to start, and others fill in as time goes on.  The contestant must guess five words to advance. This game was added in Series 2.
Unscramble: The contestant must form five sets of scrambled letters into words that fit a given general category. The contestant can ask for one clue to narrow the category down, at a cost of 25 heartbeats.

Round 4 – £2,500
Identify: The contestant is shown a statement and eight possible answers, and must choose the four that fit it. If the contestant's four choices are not all correct, they are penalized 25 heartbeats and told how many choices are correct, but not which ones. The contestant continues to guess until all four correct answers are found in one turn.
Link: The contestant is shown two columns of six answers each and must complete four pairs as instructed, linking one item from each column to form the pairs.
Deduction: The contestant is shown seven possible answers and the first statement, and must choose one that fits it; then the chosen correct answer is removed and the next statement is given. The contestant must remove a total of four correct answers. This game was discontinued in Series 2.

Round 5 – £5,000
Keep Up: The contestant is shown an initial number and a mathematical calculation instruction, the result of which becomes the initial number for the next one. The contestant must complete three sequences of calculations to win the round (in Series 1, there are 7 steps in the first sequence, 8 in second, and 9 in third; in Series 2, there are 6 steps each).
Pinpoint: The contestant is shown a grid of numbers and must perform calculations with them as instructed, with each correct response removing the affected numbers from the grid. The contestant must complete three grids (four calculations each) to advance.

Round 6 – £10,000
Decipher: The contestant is shown a list of five statements, only one of which fits a given question, and must choose that one statement. The contestant must play through two lists in order to advance.

Round 7 – £25,000
Recall: The contestant is shown an alphanumeric sequence of 11 characters and must recite it in exact order to win the round. The sequence remains on screen until the contestant says "recall." If a mistake is made, the contestant loses 25 heartbeats, the sequence is shown again, and the contestant must restart it from the beginning.

Cashout
The contestant must correctly answer five consecutive true or false statements in order to keep the money in their bank. Each incorrect answer breaks the chain and deducts 25 heartbeats; the contestant cannot step off the Plate during this round.

A contestant who successfully cashes out at the £10,000 level may be given a chance to play Recall unofficially, using the remaining heartbeats on the counter, and see if they would have been able to win the full £25,000.

Transmissions

International versions

External links

2015 British television series debuts
2016 British television series endings
2010s British game shows
English-language television shows
ITV game shows
Television series by Hungry Bear Media


title: Kunturi

text:
Kunturi (Aymara for condor, Hispanicized spelling Condori) may refer to:

 Kunturi (Condesuyos), a mountain in the Condesuyos Province and in the La Unión Province in the Arequipa Region, Peru
 Kunturi (Cusco), a mountain in the Cusco Region, Peru
 Kunturi (Ikmaqucha), a mountain near Ikmaqucha in the Puyca District, La Unión Province, Arequipa Region, Peru
 Kunturi (La Unión), a mountain in the Puyca District, La Unión Province, Arequipa Region, Peru
 Kunturi (Tarucani), a mountain in the Tarucani District, Arequipa Province, Arequipa Region, Peru

See also
 Kunturiri (disambiguation)


title: Hye-won

text:
Hye-won is a Korean feminine given name. Its meaning differs based on the hanja used to write each syllable of the name. There are 25 hanja with the reading "hye" and 47 hanja with the reading "won" on the South Korean government's official list of hanja which may be registered for use in given names.

People
People with this name include:

Shin Yun-bok (1758–1813), pen name Hyewon, Joseon Dynasty male painter
Park Hye-won (born 1983), South Korean female short track speed skater
Eom Hye-won (born 1991), South Korean female badminton player
Kang Hye-won (born 1999), South Korean female singer

Fictional characters
Fictional characters with this name include:

Shim Hye-won, in 2003 South Korean television series Summer Scent
Kang Hye-won, in 2004 South Korean television series Full House
Han Hye-won, in 2006 South Korean film Now and Forever
Kim Hye-won, in 2010 South Korean television series The Slave Hunters
Park Hye-won, in 2010 South Korean television series Dandelion Family
Oh Hye-won, in 2014 South Korean television series Secret Love Affair
Choi Hye-won, in 2014 South Korean television series Gunman in Joseon

See also
List of Korean given names

References

Korean feminine given names
Feminine given names


title: 1996 South Ossetian presidential election

text:
Presidential elections were held in South Ossetia on 10 November 1996. The result was a victory for the incumbent head of state Lyudvig Chibirov, who received 52% of the vote.

Background
This was the first election in the region since the 1990 Georgian Supreme Soviet election before the collapse of the USSR and Georgian independence. Since prior to the region's breakaway in 1991, the head of state's title had been 'Chairman of the Presidium of the South Ossetian Supreme Council', a role equivalent to Speaker, and there had been three officeholders since the declaration of independence: Torez Kulumbegov from 1990 to his imprisonment in 1991, then Znaur Gassiev who held the role during Torez's imprisonment in 1991–1992, before Torez returned to the position in 1992; he was succeeded in 1993 by Lyudvig Chibirov, who held office until 1996 when the Parliament of South Ossetia issued a series of amendments to the constitution which created a new presidential form of government.

Results
Chibirov was elected with 52% of the vote, meaning no runoff was required. Gerasim Khugayev finished second with 24% while three other candidates collectively received 24% of the vote.

Reactions
Georgian President Eduard Shevardnadze stated that the elections "cannot be considered legitimate", but said that the peace process "should go ahead".

References

South Ossetia
Presidential
Presidential elections in South Ossetia
South Ossetia
Election and referendum articles with incomplete results


title: Michael Saward (political theorist)

text:
Michael Saward (born 1 September 1960), is an Australian and British professor of politics and international studies at the University of Warwick, He was formerly Reader in Politics at Royal Holloway, University of London, and Professor and Head of Department in politics and international studies at the Open University.

He was a Leverhulme Major Research Fellow, 2016–19, is a member of the Sydney Democracy Network and was Director of the Midlands Graduate School, 2013-16.

Education
Michael Saward gained his doctorate from the University of Essex in 1989.

Research
His research focuses on the way key political ideas change over time, and how they are worked out in practice. Contemporary ideas of democracy is also a subject which he has written about extensively.

Career
Before joining as a reader in 2000 Open University, Saward worked at the Royal Holloway, University of London.

In 2006 the Open University made him director of the Citizenship Strand in the Centre for Citizenship, Identities and Governance (CCIG). His inaugural speech, on the theme of what it means to 'do' political representation theory, took place on 4 July 2006 at the Berrill Lecture Theatre, at the Open University.

Bibliography

Books

Book chapters

Journal articles
1990 – 1999

2000 – 2009

  Pdf.

2010 onwards

  Pdf.

See also
 Democracy
 Representation (politics)
 Representative democracy
 Political philosophy

References

External links
 Representation (journal) Editorial board (Michael Saward)
 Profile University of Warwick
 Profile Sydney Democracy Network

1960 births
Living people
Alumni of the University of Essex
Academics of Royal Holloway, University of London
Academics of the Open University
Academics of the University of Warwick
Australian political philosophers


title: Crai, Powys

text:
Crai is a community including the village of Crai and the hamlet of Felin-Crai in Breconshire, Powys, Wales. The population was 241 as of the 2011 UK Census. It also includes the Crai reservoir and is mostly in the Brecon Beacons National Park.

Communities in Powys


title: Global Universities Partnership on Environment and Sustainability

text:
The Global Universities Partnership on Environment for Sustainability (GUPES) is a United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) flagship programme, hosted by the Environmental Education and Training Unit (EETU), at the UNEP Headquarters in Nairobi, Kenya. The partnership seeks to increase active environmental commitment and action with higher education institutions and policy institutions globally.

Origin
GUPES was established in 2010, after a UNEP led consultative forum with partners. The partnership builds on the accomplishments of the Mainstreaming Environment and Sustainability in African Universities (MESA), the Mainstreaming Environment and Sustainability in the Caribbean Universities, and the Asia-Pacific Regional University Consortium (RUC).

GUPES was launched in June 2012 at the UNEP – Tongji Institute for Environment and Sustainability in Shanghai, China. At present (March 2015), over 530 global universities subscribe to the partnership.

Goal
GUPES serves to increase the mainstreaming of environment and sustainability practices and curricula into universities around the world. It is also geared towards encouraging further interaction between UNEP and universities, around the three pillars of education, training and applied research. This is done in accordance to the UN Decade of Education for Sustainable Development (UNDESD) of 2004–2015; the Rio+20 Summit outcome document – The Future We Want; the UNESCO Global Action Programme (GAP) on Education for Sustainable Development in collaboration with United Nations University (UNU); United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and partners.

Pillars
GUPES is based on three "pillars": education, training and networking.
 Education - Focuses on inspiring, mentoring, informing, supporting, facilitating and enabling universities to undertake curriculum innovations for sustainability as well as greening of universities.
 Training - Enhances applied competence by enhancing knowledge and awareness on UNEP’s priority areas as well as equipping the target audience (mainly mid-level managers and policy makers) with the relevant skills, values and attitudes on key environment agenda, issues and emerging concepts through scheduled training courses in universities as well as environment and sustainability seminars and leadership programmes.
 Networking - Encourages and strengthens regional and sub-regional higher education networks on environment and sustainability modeled around continents, UNEP regions as well as North-South and South-South cooperation. It further establishes linkages with other higher education initiatives for sustainability globally and recognizes programmes of excellence.

Statistics (as at March 2015)

See also
 Sustainable Development
 Education for Sustainable Development
 United Nations

External links
 Global Universities Partnership on Environment for Sustainability (GUPES)
 Decade of Education for Sustainable Development Website
 United Nations - Decade of Education for Sustainable Development portal.
 The Future We Want: Outcome document adopted at Rio+20
 UNESCO Global Action Programme (GAP) on Education for Sustainable Development

International sustainability organizations
Education for Sustainable Development, United Nations Decade of


title: Hyun-a (name)

text:
Hyun-a, also spelled Hyun-ah and Hyeon-a, is a Korean feminine given name. Its meaning differs based on the hanja used to write each syllable of the name. There are 35 hanja with the reading "hyun" and 20 hanja with the reading "a" on the South Korean government's official list of hanja which may be used in given names.

Notable people with the name include:

Kim Hyun-ah (born 1971), stage name Kim Jung-nan, South Korean actress
Kong Hyun-ah (born 1972), South Korean sport shooter
Sung Hyun-ah (born 1975), South Korean actress
Sung Hyun-ah (footballer) (born 1982), South Korean footballer
HyunA (full name Kim Hyun-ah; born 1992), South Korean singer, former member of girl groups 4Minute and Wonder Girls
Hwang Hyeon-a (born 1994), South Korean field hockey player

Fictional characters with this name include:
Seo Hyun-ah, in 2005 South Korean television series Super Rookie
Hyun-ah, in 2009 South Korean film Sisters on the Road
Oh Hyun-ah, in 2011 South Korean television series A Thousand Days' Promise

See also
List of Korean given names

References

Korean feminine given names


title: Melanie Sojourner

text:
Melanie Sojourner (born January 5, 1968) is an American politician from the state of Mississippi. She serves in the Mississippi State Senate, representing the 37th district. She is a member of the Republican Party.

She was born in Centreville, Mississippi, and was raised in Kingston, Mississippi. She is the great-granddaughter of Albert Boyd Sojourner, who was in the Mississippi House of Representatives in 1916.

She attended Adams County Christian School, which was founded as a segregation academy and uses the Confederate flag as its symbol, and has enrolled her daughter there. She opposed the removal of the Confederate battle flag from the Flag of Mississippi.

Sojourner graduated from Louisiana State University. She then worked for the National Cattlemen's Beef Association for eight years, and then as a 4-H associate for Mississippi State University.

Sojourner defeated Bob Dearing in the 2011 elections to serve in the State Senate. She served as the campaign manager for Chris McDaniel's 2014 U.S. Senate campaign. Sojourner lost her reelection bid to Dearing in the 2015 elections. She was elected back to the Senate in the 2019 elections.

References

External links

Living people
1968 births
People from Centreville, Mississippi
Republican Party Mississippi state senators
Louisiana State University alumni
Women state legislators in Mississippi
21st-century American politicians
21st-century American women politicians


title: Future technology

text:
Future technology-related topics include:

 Emerging technologies, technologies that are perceived as capable of changing the status quo
 Hypothetical technology, technology that does not exist yet, but that could exist in the future
 Futures studies (also called futurology), the study of postulating possible, probable, and preferable futures and the worldviews and myths that underlie them
 Technology forecasting, attempts to predict the future characteristics of useful technological machines, procedures or techniques

Broad-concept articles
Technology
Emerging technologies
Hypothetical technology


title: Caparica e Trafaria

text:
Caparica e Trafaria is a civil parish in the municipality of Almada, Portugal. It was formed in 2013 by the merger of the former parishes Caparica and Trafaria. The population in 2011 was 26,150, in an area of 16.75 km2.

References

Parishes of Almada


title: Hye-ja

text:
Hye-ja is a Korean feminine given name. Its meaning depends on the hanja used to write each syllable of the name.

Hanja
There are 16 hanja with the reading "hye" and 28 hanja with the reading "ja" on the South Korean government's official list of hanja which may be used in given names. Typically, "ja" is written with a hanja meaning "child" (). Names ending with this hanja, such as Young-ja and Jeong-ja, were popular when Korea was under Japanese rule, but declined in popularity afterwards. Some ways of writing this name in hanja include:

 , with the first hanja meaning "favour" or "kindness"; this can also be read as a Japanese given name Keiko.

People
People with this name include:
Patti Kim (singer) (born Kim Hye-ja, 1938), South Korean singer
Han Hye-ja (born 1941), South Korean speed skater
Kim Hye-ja (born 1941), South Korean actress
Lee Hye-ja (born 1947), South Korean track and field athlete
Kang Hye-ja (born 1966), South Korean sport shooter

Fictional characters with this name include:
Kang Hye-ja, in 2009 South Korean television series He Who Can't Marry
Pi Hye-ja, in 2009 South Korean television series Assorted Gems
Lee Hye-ja, in 2011 South Korean television series While You Were Sleeping

See also
List of Korean given names

References

Korean feminine given names
Feminine given names


title: Michael Saward

text:
Michael Saward may refer to:

 Michael Saward (British Army officer) (1841–1928), British Army officer
 Michael Saward (priest) (1932–2015), British Anglican priest, author and hymnist
 Michael Saward (political theorist) (born 1960), Australian political theorist


title: Nikii Daas

text:
Nikii Daas (born August 7, 1988) is an Indian model, actress and beauty queen.  She was crowned winner at the Gladrags beauty pageant and later won the title of "Miss Charming" while representing India at the international pageant Best Model of the World in Turkey.  Daas started to model professionally soon after that.  Daas has appeared in campaigns for brands like Spykar Jeans, Dolce & Gabbana, Globus, Donear suitings, Bombay Dyeing, Mag Wheels, Toyota Innova Car with Aamir Khan, Gold Souk (Dubai) – Mikura Pearls, and Paaneri Sarees. She has walked the ramp for designers like Satya Paul, Raymonds,  Shakir Shaikh, Marc Robinson, Prasad Bidapa, Elric D'souza, Lubna Adams, and Viveka Babajee.  She was featured in the Kingfisher Calendar. She made her acting debut in the 2013 kannada film Mandahasa.

References

External links

1988 births
Living people
Indian film actresses
Female models from Mumbai
Indian beauty pageant winners
Actresses from Mumbai


title: Helena Solberg

text:
Helena Solberg (born June 17, 1938 in Rio de Janeiro) is a Brazilian-born documentarist who, since 1971, has made her career in the United States. She is recognized as the only woman to participate in "Cinema Novo" movement in Brazil.

In 1983, Solberg received an Emmy Award for From the Ashes: Nicaragua Today, documentary on a new society that born of political turmoil in Central America and the role that the U.S. plays in determining its future.

Biography
Helena Solberg was born in Rio de Janeiro, daughter of a Norwegian father and Brazilian mother, lived for a long time in New York City, and established herself as a producer and director of documentaries in Brazil and the United States. She began her career from contact with big names of the new movies, as Carlos Diegues and Arnaldo Jabor, a time when she lived with them during the studies at the Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro. Solberg began in adolescence working as a reporter at the Metropolitano newspaper and by mastering English and French interviewed important names like the writer Clarice Lispector and also the philosopher Simone de Beauvoir and Jean Paul Sartre.

Her debut as a filmmaker occurred in 1966 with the short film A Entrevista. In 1969 directed Meio-dia, a fiction about the revolt of students in the classroom, with the context the period of military dictatorship in Brazil, Caetano Veloso's music, É proibido proibir.

In the 70s, she took up residence in the United States for about 30 years, where she directed several productions, among them: From the Ashes: Nicaragua Today (1982), which won a News & Documentary Emmy Award. From the 80s, began to produce a series of documentaries for international TV channels such as HBO, PBS, Channel 4, Radio and Television of Portugal, National Geographic Channel, among others.

In 1995, she produced, wrote and directed her first feature film, Carmen Miranda: Bananas is My Business, a mixture of documentary and fictional recreation from the singer Carmen Miranda's life. With Bananas is my business she won the Best Films award of the audience, the   critic and the jury at the Festival de Brasilia. The film also was awarded with the Golden Hugo for Best documentary at the Chicago International Film Festival and was selected among the 10 best in its category by the critic Andrew Sarris.

Her latest work and first fiction feature film is Vida de Menina, based on the book by Alice Dayrell Caldeira Brant, awarded with six prizes at the Gramado Film Festival 2004: Best Film, Screenplay, Photography, Soundtrack, Art Direction and Best Film by the audience.

She has two German grandchildren and a daughter who lives in the United States with the two kids.

Themes
Helena Solberg's works provide examples of feminism in film and struggles with identity. Two of her movies, Carmen Miranda and Vida de Menina show intersections between these two themes. In an interview with actress Kate Lyra, Solberg describes the character from Vida de Menina as “very transgressive, a girl always testing the limits, always passing judgement on everything and everyone around her and it is in a way, a microcosm of Brazil.” Solberg uses her movies as tools for learning, describing individual stories as examples of larger themes and issues people across Brazil can identify with.

Legacy
Her third film The Double Day (1975) is often cited as the first feminist film covering Latin America. Her emphasis on diversity is also reflected in her production process, which relies on locally recruited film crews and a female-majority crew in the case of The Double Day. According to Solberg, this encourages her subjects to feel more comfortable during interviews.

Recent film analysis has criticized some of her earlier work, such as The Double Day for homogenizing Latin America. Many of her films are intended for U.S. audiences and are therefore narrated exclusively in English for U.S. audiences. As a result, few of her early films have been translated into Spanish because of budget constraints.

Selected filmography (director)

References

External links

1942 births
Brazilian film directors
Brazilian women film directors
Brazilian screenwriters
Living people
Brazilian people of Norwegian descent
Brazilian women screenwriters


title: Dentisociaria armata

text:
Dentisociaria armata is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in the Russian Far East (Amur, Primorsky Krai), China and Japan. The habitat consists of broad-leaved forests, but the species has also been observed in inhabited areas such as parks.

The wingspan is 15–23 mm. Adults have been recorded on wing from July to September.

Subspecies
Dentisociaria armata armata
Dentisociaria armata okui Yasuda, 1975 (Japan)

References

Moths described in 1970
Archipini


title: Fujikyu 8000 series

text:
The  is a DC electric multiple unit (EMU) train type operated by the private railway operator Fuji Kyuko (Fujikyu) on  limited-stop services on the Fujikyuko Line in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan, since July 2014.

Design
The three-car train was converted from a former Odakyu 20000 series RSE 7-car "Romancecar" EMU built in 1991, withdrawn in March 2012, and purchased by Fujikyu in November 2013. Like the 2000 series trains it supersedes, the exterior of the train is covered in "Mount Fuji" caricatures. The train has a maximum operating speed of , but is limited to  on the Fujikyuko Line.

Operations
The 8000 series train operates on Fujisan Limited Express limited-stop services on the  Fujikyuko Line in Yamanashi Prefecture, which runs between  and . The train replaced one of the operator's 2000 series sets, which were both rebuilt from the former JR East 165 series Panorama Express Alps Joyful Train excursion EMU sets.

Formation
The sole three-car set is formed as shown below, with car 1 at the Fujisan end.

 KuMoRo 8001 was converted from former Odakyu car DeHa 20002, SaRo 8101 was converted from former SaHa 200052, and KuMoRo 8051 was converted from former DeHa 20302.
 Car 1 is designated as an observation car requiring payment of a supplementary fare, while cars 2 and 3 are designated as non-reserved seating.
 Cars 1 and 3 are each fitted with an FPS33F single-arm pantograph.

Interior
Car 1 has an observation lounge area with sofa seating immediately behind the driver's position. The main part of the saloon has rotating unidirectional reclining seating arranged 2+1 abreast with a seat pitch of . Fixed 4-person facing seating bays with tables are situated at the end of the car. Cars 2 and 3 have rotating unidirectional reclining seating arranged 2+2 abreast with a seat pitch of . Car 2 has a wheelchair-accessible seating area and a universal access toilet.

History

Fujikyu first announced in January 2012 that it intended to purchase a former Odakyu 20000 series RSE EMU set following its retirement in March of that year. All seven cars of the former set 20002 were moved to the Nippon Sharyo factory in Toyokawa, Aichi, in November 2013 for conversion work. Following conversion, the reformed 3-car train was moved to Fujikyu in April 2014.

Between April and May 2014, Fujikyu held a public vote for the Mount Fuji caricatures to be used on the exterior of the new train, with 44 different designs selected together with 14 new designs submitted by the general public.

Test running of the train still in plain all-over white livery commenced in June 2014. The 8000 series set entered revenue service from 12 July 2014.

References

External links

 June 2014 press release

Electric multiple units of Japan
Train-related introductions in 2014
1500 V DC multiple units of Japan
Kawasaki multiple units

ja:小田急20000形電車#富士急行への譲渡


title: Diactora oxymorpha

text:
Diactora oxymorpha is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Madagascar.

References

Moths described in 1960
Archipini


title: George Heard Hamilton

text:
George Heard Hamilton (1910 – March 29, 2004) was an American art historian, educator, and curator. Hamilton taught art history at Yale University and Williams College, and was the acting director of the Yale University Art Gallery and the Clark Art Institute.

Early life and education
Hamilton was born in Pittsburgh to Frank and Georgia Heard, and received three degrees from Yale University: a Bachelor of Arts in English in 1932, a Master of Arts in history in 1934, and a Doctor of Philosophy in art history in 1942. He wrote a doctoral dissertation on the artist Eugène Delacroix. In 1937, Hamilton attended the Coronation of George VI and Elizabeth with lifelong friend Elizabeth Wade White.

Career
Hamilton began his curatorial career as a research assistant at the Walters Art Museum from 1934 to 1936. He then returned to Yale University, where he joined the art history faculty. In 1940, he was named Curator of Modern Art at the Yale University Art Gallery, and served as the gallery's associate director from 1946 to 1948.

In 1956, Hamilton was named a full professor at Yale University. From 1966 to 1975, Hamilton was a professor of art history at Williams College in Williamstown, Massachusetts and director of the Clark Art Institute at the college until 1977. He was a scholar of modern art and Russian art, focusing especially on artists Marcel Duchamp and Édouard Manet.

Death
Hamilton died in Williamstown, Massachusetts on March 29, 2004. Papers from Hamilton's tenure at Yale University are held by the Yale University Library.

Awards
Guggenheim Fellowship (1958)
Slade Professor of Fine Art, Cambridge University (1971)
Wilbur Cross Medal (1976)

See also
List of people from Pittsburgh
List of Williams College people
List of Yale University people

References

External links
Dictionary of Art Historians profile
Oxford Reference profile

1910 births
2004 deaths
Writers from Pittsburgh
Historians from Pennsylvania
American art historians
American art curators
Yale University alumni
Yale University faculty
Williams College faculty
Slade Professors of Fine Art (University of Cambridge)
Directors of museums in the United States


title: Ángelo Campos

text:
Ángelo Ademir Campos Turriate (born April 27th, 1993) is a Peruvian professional footballer who plays for Club Alianza Lima as a goalkeeper.

Club career

 Campos began his career with Alianza Lima. He spent the 2013 season on loan at San Alejandro.

 On July 1, 2014, Campos was loaned to Club Deportivo Pacífico FC.
 When the 2014 season concluded, he then went to Alianza Universidad de Huanuco for the 2015-2016 season.
 After little to no appearances at Alianza Universidad, he transferred to Juan Aurich for the 2016-2017 season.
 After he discovered Juan Aurich wasn't a good fit, he returned to Alianza Lima for the 2017-2018 season, winning the Peruvian Primera Division championship with them.
 After being a free-agent for the 2018-2019 season, FBC Melgar had acquired Campos.
 Finally, Ángelo Ademir Campos Turriate returns for a 3rd time to his 1st club: Club Alianza Lima.

International career
Campos competed for the Peru under-20 team at the 2013 South American Youth Championship.

References

1993 births
Living people
Footballers from Lima
Peruvian men's footballers
Peru men's international footballers
Men's association football goalkeepers
Peru men's under-20 international footballers
FBC Melgar footballers


title: Ben Pangelinan

text:
Vicente "Ben" Cabrera Pangelinan ( - ) was a Guamanian politician and businessman who served as the speaker of the Guam Legislature from 2003 to 2005, representing from Barrigada, as a Democrat from 1993 to his death in 2014. Pangelinan was the former sitting chairperson of the Committee on Appropriations, Taxation, Banking, Insurance, Retirement, and Land in the 32nd Guam Legislature.

Early life
Pangelinan was born as Vicente Cabrera Pangelinan on October 22, 1955 in Saipan to Francisco Sablan Pangelinan (1927–2014) and Luisa Tenorio Cabrera Pangelinan (1927–1994). He attended San Vicente Catholic School in Barrigada and graduated from Father Duenas Memorial School in Mangilao in 1974. Pangelinan attended the University of Guam and graduated from Georgetown University with a bachelor's degree in Government. He was the president and owner of Group Pacific Suppliers. He served as a Democrat in the Guam Legislature from 1993 until his death in 2014 of cancer. After Pangelinan finished his degree at Georgetown University, he worked as a Member Relation Officer at FHP Health Center, Guam.

Public life
Ben Pangelinan entered public life when he first ran as a Democrat to serve as Guam's Delegate to the House of Representatives against Congressman Ben Blaz. He garnered 13,845 votes to Blaz's 16,696 in the General Election. In his second and final attempt to run as Guam's Delegate to the House of Representatives, Pangelinan received 16,437 votes, while Ben Blaz received 21,390 votes.

Pangelinan first ran for the Guam Legislature in 1992. From 1993 to 2014, Senator Pangelinan has served in each Guam Legislature with the sole exception of the 28th Guam Legislature.

Major legislative accomplishments or milestones
Pangelinan's first bill to become a public law was Bill No. 327-22 (COR), which became Public Law 22-14 and authorized rebates or refunds under health insurance plans where rebates or refunds are clearly provided for in such policies. As of July 1, 2014, 240 of the bills that Pangelinan had introduced are now public law.

Death
He died on  at his residence in Mangilao. His viewing and funeral mass were held at the Saint Francis Church in Yona. He was buried at the Guam Memorial Park in Leyang, Barrigada.

References

External links
 32nd Guam Legislature's Official Website
 Senator Ben Pangelinan's Official Website

1955 births
2014 deaths
20th-century American politicians
21st-century American politicians
Chamorro people
Georgetown University alumni
Guamanian people of Spanish descent
Guamanian Democrats
Members of the Legislature of Guam
Speakers of the Legislature of Guam


title: Time base generator

text:
A time base generator (also timebase or time base) is a special type of function generator, an electronic circuit that generates a varying voltage to produce a particular waveform. Time base generators produce very high frequency sawtooth waves specifically designed to deflect the beam of a cathode ray tube (CRT) smoothly across the face of the tube and then return it to its starting position.

Time bases are used by radar systems to determine range to a target, by comparing the current location along the time base to the time of arrival of radio echoes. Analog television systems using CRTs had two time bases, one for deflecting the beam horizontally in a rapid movement, and another pulling it down the screen 60 times per second. Oscilloscopes often have several time bases, but these may be more flexible function generators able to produce many waveforms as well as a simple time base.

Description

A cathode ray tube (CRT) consists of three primary parts, the electron gun that provides a stream of accelerated electrons, the phosphor-covered screen that lights up when the electrons hit it, and the deflection plates that use magnetic or electric fields to deflect the electrons in-flight and allows them to be directed around the screen. It is the ability for the electron stream to be rapidly moved using the deflection plates that allows the CRT to be used to display very rapid signals, like those of a television signal or to be used for radio direction finding (see huff-duff).

Many signals of interest vary over time at a very rapid rate, but have an underlying periodic nature. Radio signals, for instance, have a base frequency, the carrier, which forms the basis for the signal. Sounds are modulated into the carrier by modifying the signal, either in amplitude (AM), frequency (FM) or similar techniques. To display such a signal on an oscilloscope for examination, it is desirable to have the electron beam sweep across the screen so that the electron beam cycles at the same frequency as the carrier, or some multiple of that base frequency.

This is the purpose of the time base generator, which is attached to one of the set of deflection plates, normally the X axis, while the amplified output of the radio signal is sent to the other axis, normally Y. The result is a visual re-creation of the original waveform.

Use in radar
A typical radar system broadcasts a short pulse of radio signal and then listens for echoes from distant objects. As the signal travels at the speed of light and has to travel to the target object and back, the distance to the target can be determined by measuring the delay between the broadcast and reception, multiplying the speed of light by that time, and then dividing by two (there and back again). As this process occurs very rapidly, a CRT is used to display the signal and look for the echoes.

In the simplest version of a radar display, today known as an "A-scope", a time base generator sweeps the display across the screen so that it reaches one side at the time when the signal has travelled the radar's maximum effective distance. For instance, an early warning radar like Chain Home (CH) might have a maximum range of , a distance that light will travel out and back in 1 millisecond. This would be used with a time base generator that pulls the beam across the CRT once every millisecond, starting the sweep when the broadcast signal ends. Any echoes cause the beam to deflect down (in the case of CH) as it moves across the display.

By measuring the physical location of the "blip" on the CRT, one can determine the range to the target. For instance, if a particular radar has a time base of 1 millisecond, then its maximum range is 150 km. If this is displayed on a four-inch CRT and the blip is measured to be 2 inches from the left side, then the target is 0.5 milliseconds away, or about .

To ensure the blips would line up properly with a mechanical scale, the time base could be adjusted to start its sweep at a certain time. This could be adjusted manually, or automatically trigged by another signal, normally a greatly attenuated version of the broadcast signal.

Later systems modified the time base to include a second signal that periodically produced blips on the display, providing a clock signal that varied with the time base and thus did not need to be aligned. In UK terminology, these were known as strobes.

Use in television
Television signals consist of a series of still images broadcast in sequence, in the NTSC standard such a "frame" is broadcast 30 times a second. Each frame is itself broken down into a series of "lines", 525 in the NTSC standard. If one examines a television broadcast on an oscilloscope, it will appear to be a continual sequence of modulated signals broken up by short periods of "empty" signal. Each modulated portion carries the analog image for a single line.

To display the signal, two time bases are used. One sweeps the beam horizontally from left to right at 15,750 times a second, the time it takes for one line to be sent. A second time base causes the beam to scan down the screen 60 times a second, so that each line appears below the last one drawn and then returns to the top. This causes the entire signal of 525 lines to be drawn down the screen, re-creating a 2-dimensional image.

To ensure the time base began its sweep of the screen at the right time, the signal included several special modulations. With each line there was a brief period, the "front porch" and "back porch" that caused the signal to go negative briefly. This triggered the horizontal time base to start its sweep across the screen, ensuring that the lines started on the left of the display. A much longer but otherwise similar signal, the vertical blanking interval caused the vertical time base to start, with any lengthy delay causing the time base to trigger.

References
 Anand Kumar, "Time-Base Generators", Pulse And Digital Circuits, PHI Learning, 2008
 "NTSC SIGNAL SPECIFICATIONS", National Television System Committee, 1953

Electronic test equipment
Cathode ray tube

de:Zeitbasis


title: Dicanticinta diticinctana

text:
Dicanticinta diticinctana is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Japan (the islands of Honshu, Kyushu and Hokkaido) and possibly China.

The wingspan is 15–16 mm. Adults are on wing from the end of June to mid-July.

The larvae have been recorded feeding on Syringa reticulata.

References

Moths described in 1900
Archipini


title: Sporosarcina aquimarina

text:
Sporosarcina aquimarina is a rod-shaped bacterium of the genus Sporosarcina.

Characteristics
Cells of Sporosarcina aquimarina are 0.9–1.2 μm x 2.0–3.5 μm. It is motile by means of a single polar flagellum. The bacterium forms endospores (like all species of the genus).

Metabolism
Sporosarcina aquimarina is heterotrophic, as it does not perform photosynthesis. It is facultative anaerobe. If oxygen is present the metabolism is due to cellular respiration, but it can also grow anaerobic if oxygen is absent. The species is halophilic. 13% NaCl are still tolerated. Sporosarcina aquimarina is one of the bacteria that can make use of urea with the enzyme urease. Others bacteria of the same genus which possess the enzyme urease are for example S. ureaea und S. pasteurii.

Etymology
The genus name derives from the Greek word spora ("spore") and the Latin word sarcina ("package", "bundle") and refers to the fact that it forms endospores and the typical arrangement of the cells. The species name S. aquimarina derives from the fact that it was found in sea water.

Systematics
The species Sporosarcina aquimarina belongs to the family Planococcaceae of the Bacillota.

References

External links
Type strain of Sporosarcina aquimarina at BacDive -  the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase

Bacillales
Gram-positive bacteria
Bacteria described in 1984


title: Chandra Prasad Saikia

text:
Chandra Prasad Saikia (1927–2006)  was a writer from Assam, India. He was the president of the Asam Sahitya Sabha held at Hajo and Jorhat district, Assam in 1999 and 2000, respectively. Saikia was born on 8 July 1927 in Jalukgaon, Jhanji in Sivasagar district, Assam. After having primary education in Sivasagar he had left for Kolkata for higher education.

Literacy Works
 Novels
 Edin
 Meghamallar
 Uttarkal
 Suryasnan
 Mandakranta
 Janmantar
 Maharathi
 Tore More Alokare Yatra

Short story collections
 Mayamriga
 Nachpati Phool
 Chakrabat
 Angikar
 Chandra Prasad Saikiar Nirbachita Galpa

 Miscellaneous
 Dristikon
 Nirbachita Sampadakiya
 Americar Chithi

Saikia was also editor of various journals and newspapers, including Goriyoshi, The Assam Tribune, Prakash, Natun Dainik, and Asom Batori.

Awards and honours
 Assam Valley Literary Award
 Sahitya Akademi Award
 Padma Bhushan (2007)
 Publication Board Award (2000).

See also
 Assamese literature
 History of Assamese literature
 List of Asam Sahitya Sabha presidents
 List of Assamese writers with their pen names

References

Novelists from Assam
Asom Sahitya Sabha Presidents
1927 births
2006 deaths
People from Sivasagar district
Recipients of the Padma Bhushan in literature & education
Recipients of the Sahitya Akademi Award in Assamese
Recipients of the Assam Valley Literary Award
20th-century Indian novelists
20th-century Indian short story writers


title: John Howell (athlete)

text:
John David Howell (born 10 April 1936) is a former British long jumper.

Athletics career
Howell was born in London, England. He first competed internationally at the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome, Italy. Representing Great Britain, he finished in 27th place in the qualifying round of the long jump event with a jump of 7.19 metres. Two years later at the 1962 European Athletics Championships in Belgrade, Yugoslavia, Howell finished seventh in the final of the long jump with a leap of .

Two months later representing England, Howell finished in eighth place in the long jump at the 1962 British Empire and Commonwealth Games in Perth, Western Australia with a jump of . At the same meet, Howell finished 11th in the triple jump with a leap of  and was also due to compete in the high jump but pulled out to focus on the other events.

References

1936 births
Living people
Athletes from London
English male long jumpers
Olympic athletes for Great Britain
Commonwealth Games competitors for England
Athletes (track and field) at the 1960 Summer Olympics
Athletes (track and field) at the 1962 British Empire and Commonwealth Games


title: Anuj Kumar

text:
Anuj Kumar Chaudhary (born 5 August 1980; also known as Anuj Chaudhry) is a retired amateur Indian freestyle wrestler, who competed in the men's light heavyweight category. He achieved top ten finishes in the 74-kg division at the Asian Games (2002 and 2006), scored two silver medals at the Commonwealth Games (2002 and 2010) and two bronze at the Asian Wrestling Championships, and also represented his nation India at the 2004 Summer Olympics. Before his sporting career ended in 2010, Kumar trained at Guru Hanuman Akhara.

Kumar reached sporting headlines at the 2002 Commonwealth Games in Manchester, England, where he claimed a silver medal in the 84-kg division, losing out to Canada's Nicholas Ugoalah by a tough 4–1 verdict. On that same year, he competed for the Indian wrestling team at the Asian Games in Busan, South Korea, but left the tournament empty-handed and injured.

At the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Kumar qualified for his first Indian squad in the men's 84 kg class. Earlier in the process, he placed third and guaranteed a spot on the Indian wrestling team from the Olympic Qualification Tournament in Sofia, Bulgaria. He lost two straight matches each to Iran's Majid Khodaei (1–5) and Japan's Hidekazu Yokoyama (5–11), leaving him on the bottom of the prelim pool and placing sixteenth in the final standings.

Shortly after the Games, Kumar ended his medal drought by picking up a bronze at the 2005 Asian Wrestling Championships in Wuhan, China, and continued to repeat the same outcome in Pattaya, Thailand four years later. He also sought his bid to compete for the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, but failed to attain the bid from the Olympic Tournament.

When India hosted the 2010 Commonwealth Games in his native New Delhi, Kumar lost his final match to neighboring Pakistan's Muhammad Inam by a 4–3 decision, and received a silver medal with his home crowd inside Indira Gandhi Arena. Following another medal record, Kumar retired from competitive wrestling career to focus on his personal life.

Currently, he is serving as Deputy Superintendent (DSP) in UP Police.

References

External links
Profile – International Wrestling Database

1980 births
Living people
Indian male sport wrestlers
Olympic wrestlers for India
Wrestlers at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Wrestlers at the 2002 Asian Games
Wrestlers at the 2006 Asian Games
Wrestlers at the 2002 Commonwealth Games
Wrestlers at the 2010 Commonwealth Games
Commonwealth Games silver medallists for India
Sport wrestlers from Uttar Pradesh
Commonwealth Games medallists in wrestling
Asian Games competitors for India
People from Muzaffarnagar district
Recipients of the Arjuna Award
21st-century Indian people
Medallists at the 2002 Commonwealth Games
Medallists at the 2010 Commonwealth Games


title: Minutargyrotoza minuta

text:
Minutargyrotoza minuta is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Japan on the islands of Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu.

The wingspan is about 13.5 mm. Adults are on wing from the beginning of April to mid-June.

References

Moths described in 1900
Archipini


title: George William Meadley

text:
George William Meadley (1774–1818) was an English merchant, known as a biographer.

Life
Meadley was born at Sunderland, County Durham, on 1 January 1774, an only son; his father died in 1775, and his mother soon afterwards moved with her five children to the adjoining town of Bishop Wearmouth. In 1783 he was placed at the grammar school of Witton-le-Wear, under John Farrer. At the end of 1788 he was apprenticed to Thomas Chipchase, a banker and general dealer at Durham, where Meadley became a liberal in politics. Leaving Durham in 1793 he lived at home, learning Italian, improving his French, and founding a subscription library at Sunderland (1795) with the help of Ferrer, by then rector of Sunderland. In March 1795 he made the acquaintance of William Paley, the rector of Bishop Wearmouth.

During 1796 Meadley was on a business voyage to the Levant. He stayed at Naples, Smyrna and Constantinople, and collected a library of books. This was during the French Revolutionary Wars, and he fell into the hands of the French on his return voyage, spending some time as a prisoner in Spain. Learning German, he went on further mercantile voyages to Danzig (1801) and to Hamburg (1803), travelling further on foot with a friend through northern Germany. Retiring then from trade, he began to write.

In 1818 Meadley returned from researching in London and the south of England in poor health. He died unmarried at Bishop Wearmouth, on 28 November 1818, and was buried in the churchyard of Holy Trinity, Sunderland. He was considered somewhat fanatical in his liberal views, and when a marble tablet to his memory was placed in the Sunderland Subscription Library, and an attempt in 1819 to have this tablet removed, on the grounds of his religious stance, leading to an angry local controversy.

Works
Meadley is best known as the biographer of William Paley, who died in 1805. Several years later he began to collect materials, applying, among others, to John Disney, who introduced him to Thomas Jervis; as a by-product he became a Unitarian. The first edition of his Memoirs of Paley was entirely rewritten before publication, on the advice of a friend who disliked its florid style. It appear as Memoirs of William Paley, Sunderland, 1809. When bringing out a second and amended edition (1810) he spent the winter in Edinburgh to see it through the press, and attended the moral philosophy lectures of Thomas Brown.

Meadley published also:

 A Sketch of … Proposals for … Reform in Parliament, 1812, reprinted by Jeremy Bentham in his Plan of Parliamentary Reform, 1817.
 Memoirs of Algernon Sydney, 1813.
 A Letter to the Bishop of St. David's  … by a Lay Seceder, 1814; addressed to Thomas Burgess.
 A Second Letter to the Bishop of St. David's. By a Lay Seceder, 1816.

To the Monthly Repository he contributed lives of Ann Jebb, Robert Clark the Sunderland surgeon, and Robert Waugh, vicar of Bishop Middleham; also some verse, "The Little Chimney Sweeper" (1818).

Notes

Attribution

1774 births
1818 deaths
English merchants
English biographers
English Unitarians
People from Sunderland


title: Bunnyman 2

text:
Bunnyman 2 (known as The Bunnyman Resurrection in the UK) is a 2014 American slasher film and is a sequel to Bunnyman. The plot revolves around a psychopath who dresses in a bunny suit and typically uses a chainsaw to murder people along with his family.

Sequel
The third film in the series is titled Bunnyman Vengeance which was released on October 20, 2017, on video on demand and November 21, 2017, on Blu-ray and DVD.

References

External links

American slasher films
American serial killer films
2014 horror films
2014 films
2010s slasher films
2010s English-language films
English-language horror films
2010s American films


title: Minutargyrotoza calvicaput

text:
Minutargyrotoza calvicaput is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Japan.

The wingspan is about 13.5 mm.

The larvae have been recorded feeding on Ligustrum tschonoskii.

References

Moths described in 1900
Archipini


title: Tent of Nations

text:
Tent of Nations is an educational and environmental farm covering 400 dunams next to the village of Nahalin, on a hill top southwest of Bethlehem. The farm has been in Daoud Nassar's family since 1916 when his grandfather purchased the land known as Dahers’ Vineyard. The farm is now surrounded by the Gush Etzion settlement bloc.

The Nassars are a Lutheran Christian Palestinian family.

History
The Nassar family purchased the farm in 1916, during a time when Palestinian Christians were beginning to emigrate. At the time the country was still under Ottoman rule. The property was registered with the British during the 1918–1948 British Mandate in Palestine. When the state of Israel was founded in 1948, Bethlehem fell under Jordanian control—the family has papers from the Jordanians.

After the 1948 Palestine war, when many Christians left the country, Bishara Nassar began visiting nearby villages to sing songs and lead bible study in family homes. He thought music might deepen the faith of Bethlehem's children and encourage them to stay. Bishara's children turned the farm into a center for "peace-building and non-violent resistance" called the Tent of Nations. The family has held workshops on the farm for over 20 years. They run summer camps for local schools to teach Palestinian children about non-violent resistance. Amal Nassar believes these lessons are critical for a generation that has grown up in the refugee camps behind Israel's separation barrier.

The West Bank was occupied by Israel during the Six-Day War in 1967 and in the 1970s Israeli settlers began to build on the hilltops of the West Bank. The hilltops around the Nassar family's farm became the Jewish settlements of Neve Daniel, Beitar Illit, Alon Shvut and Elazar. These settlements are part of the Gush Etzion settlement bloc.

Ownership dispute
The family owns the 100-acre farm since 1916 and registered it during the British Mandate (1924–25). It was declared state land by Israel in 1991 but in 2005 the Israeli high court allowed Nassar to begin and register the land.

On May 19, 2014 the IDF bulldozed Dahar Nassar's orchard of 1,500 fruit trees. The Nassar family had filed an appeal on May 12 in response to a notice from the Israeli Civil Administration. One week later, without a ruling from the appeal court, the land was bulldozed. There was significant international outcry from the Presbyterian Church. The Presbyterian Church was accused of being motivated by "traditional antisemitism" in an article published in the conservative American Jewish magazine Commentary. CAMERA, the Committee for Accuracy in Middle East Reporting in America, said Christian activists were "passing on anti-Israel propaganda offered to them by Palestinian Christians in the West Bank as the gospel fact."

International support
The Tent of Nations project is supported by associations called "Tent of Nations friends" chartered in four countries: Sweden, Switzerland, United States and United Kingdom.

References

External links
 Tent of Nations homepage
 Friends of Tent of Nations North America

Bethlehem Governorate
Populated places in the West Bank


title: State road D.060 (Turkey)

text:
D-060 is a west-east state road in northeastern Turkey that serves the land border crossing to Armenia, which is currently closed. The  route starts in the west at the intersection   east of Yusufeli, Artvin Province, and terminates at the Tiknis border checkpoint Turkey-Armenia  east of Akyaka, Kars. The route D-060 continues in Armenia as M7.

Itinerary

{| class="wikitable"
!Province
!City/Town
!Distance fromprevious location
!Distance fromWest end
!Distance fromEast end
|-
|Artvin
|Intersection  ||0 ||0 ||225
|-
|rowspan=6 |Erzurum
|Intersection  to Olur ||43 ||43 ||182
|-
|Intersection  Yolboyu, Oltu ||20 ||63 ||162
|-
|Intersection  to Kömürlü, Yusufeli ||9 ||72 ||153
|-
|Intersection  to SarıkamışIntersection  to Şenkaya ||8 ||80 ||145
|-
|Akşar, Şenkaya ||2 ||82 ||143
|-
|Aydoğdu, Şenkaya||13 ||95 ||130
|-
|rowspan=3 |Ardahan
|Göle ||17 ||112 ||113
|-
|Intersection  to Selim, Kars ||3 ||115 ||110
|-
|Balçeşme, Göle ||22 ||137 ||88
|-
|rowspan=7 |Kars
|Intersection  to Susuz ||32 ||169 ||56
|-
|Intersection  to Kars ||3 ||172 ||53
|-
|Intersection  to Arpaçay ||10 ||182 ||43
|-
|Şahnalar, Akyaka ||25 ||207 ||18
|-
|Akyaka, Kars ||6 ||213 ||12
|-
|Demirkent, Akyaka ||4 ||217 ||8
|-
|Tiknis border crossing ||8 ||225 ||0

Major intersections

See also
Lake Kuyucuk

References

060
Transport in Artvin Province
Transport in Erzurum Province
Transport in Ardahan Province
Transport in Kars Province
Akyazı District


title: Estanislau Amadeu Kreutz

text:
Estanislau Amadeu Kreutz (July 1, 1928 – July 6, 2014) was a Catholic bishop.

Ordained to the priesthood in 1954, Kreutz was named titular bishop of Maranana and auxiliary bishop of the Catholic Diocese of Santo Angelo, Brazil in 1972. In 1973, he was named diocesan bishop of the Santo Angelo Diocese and retired in 2004.

Notes

1928 births
2014 deaths
20th-century Roman Catholic bishops in Brazil
Brazilian people of German descent
21st-century Roman Catholic bishops in Brazil
Roman Catholic bishops of Santo Ângelo


title: Protopterna eremia

text:
Protopterna eremia is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Japan on the island of Honshu.

The wingspan is about . The forewings are rust brown, suffused with brown and black brown and with a few darker and paler spots. The ground colour is reduced to slender cream fascia and a subterminal cream spot at the costa followed by smaller spots reaching the apex. There are also silver-blue refractive spots forming lines subterminally. The hindwings are grey brown, darkening towards the peripheries.

References

Moths described in 1900
Cnephasiini


title: 36 Serpentis

text:
36 Serpentis is a binary star system in the equatorial constellation of Serpens. It has the Bayer designation b Serpentis, while 36 Serpentis is the Flamsteed designation. The system is visible to the naked eye as a dim, white-hued point of light with a combined apparent visual magnitude of 5.09. It is located 162 light years away from the Sun based on parallax, and is moving closer with a radial velocity of −8 km/s.

This is a spectroscopic binary star system with a long orbital period of 52.8 years and a high eccentricity of 0.83. The combined mass of the pair is . Gray et al. (2017) found a merged stellar classification of A2IV-Vn for this system, while Cowley et al. matched it with a class of A3Vn, where the 'n' indicates "nebulous" lines caused by rapid rotation.

The primary component is a Lambda Boötis star, meaning that it has solar-like amounts of carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen, while containing very low amounts of iron peak elements. It is an A7 class main sequence star of visual magnitude 5.2 that is spinning rapidly, showing a projected rotational velocity of 229. The star is 723 million years old with around double the mass of the Sun. It is radiating 19 times the Sun's luminosity from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 8,246 K.

The cooler secondary component, a G0 star, is the source for the X-ray emission that has been detected coming from this system. It has a visual magnitude of 7.8.

References

A-type main-sequence stars
G-type main-sequence stars
Lambda Boötis stars
Binary stars
Serpens
Serpentis, b
BD-02 4058
Serpentis, 36
141851
77660
5895


title: Meriden Bridge

text:
The Meriden Bridge is a historic covered bridge in the Meriden area of Plainfield, New Hampshire.  The bridge is a single span which carries Colby Hill Road over Bloods Brook, just west of a junction with Main Street and Willow Brook Road.  Built about 1880, it is one of New Hampshire's few surviving 19th-century covered bridges.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.

Description and history
The Meriden Bridge is located north of the village of Meriden on Colby Hill Road just west of Main Street.  It is a multiple Kingpost truss design,  long and  wide. It has a road bed  wide, carrying one lane of traffic.  The lower third of the sides is shielded by vertical board siding (to a height of about ), as are the top section of the portals.  The trusses have 22 panels, each  wide, with the chords fastened to the posts by iron rods.

The bridge was built about 1880 by James Tasker of nearby Cornish, a well-known regional builder of covered bridges. It underwent rehabilitation several times in the 20th century, including a complete rebuilding in 1963, when concrete abutments were laid, and steel beams were added to carry the active load.

See also

List of New Hampshire covered bridges
List of bridges on the National Register of Historic Places in New Hampshire
National Register of Historic Places listings in Sullivan County, New Hampshire

References

External links

Covered bridges on the National Register of Historic Places in New Hampshire
Bridges completed in 1880
Bridges in Sullivan County, New Hampshire
National Register of Historic Places in Sullivan County, New Hampshire
Road bridges on the National Register of Historic Places in New Hampshire
Wooden bridges in New Hampshire
King post truss bridges in the United States
Plainfield, New Hampshire


title: Cristóbal Domínguez

text:
Cristóbal Domínguez   (¿-1814)  was a Spanish administrator. He was Presidio Inspector and Governor of Texas in 1814.

Biography

The date and place in which Domínguez was born are unknown. He arrived in Texas, probably by passing through New Mexico. Dominguez served as adjutant inspector of several presidios of Coahuila and Texas, a job he kept until November 26, 1810. He left the presidios for Nacogdoches following orders from governor of Texas Manuel María de Salcedo. However, Dominguez made an enemy of Commanding officer of the region, José María Guadiana, since both had different views about the Spanish control of Texas: Dominguez supported it and Guadiana did not.

So, when the Casas Revolt broke up in 1811, Guadiana imprisoned Dominguez as punishment for his mentioned political ideas.

Domínguez fled to the neighboring Louisiana, which already belonged to the United States. He settled in the region of Natchitoches, where he lived  until the De Casas government fell in San Antonio. On May 1, 1811, Dominguez came back to Nacogdoches and ordered the Guadiana's imprisonment. After that, Dominguez served as Lieutenant Governor. However, he only held that position for a few months, because he was soon appointed inspector of Presidios in San Antonio, leaving the previous political office on September 20, 1811. He held this position until the Salcedo government ended in October 1813.

Shortly after he was promoted to Interim Governor of Texas by military commandant Joaquín de Arredondo. However, on December 15, 1813, Domínguez regained the position of Lieutenant Governor, also by appointment of Arredondo. Domínguez was appointed official governor of Texas in 1814. During his administration, Cristobal Dominguez established several laws, prohibiting yelling, the trade and the burning of trash, as well as the discharge guns. In addition, he imposed strict curfews. The approbation of change of house by the Texas residents was left in the hands of the Cabildo council.

Dominguez died in October 1814, being temporally replaced by Benito Armiñán (who left the charge for health reasons in July 1815), Mariano Valera (who held the position only for one week or a year, leaving it also for health reasons), Juan Ignacio Pérez, Manuel Pardo and, finally, Antonio Maria Martinez (all the previous served as interims).

References

Governors of Spanish Texas
1814 deaths
Year of birth missing
1810s in Texas


title: 16 Serpentis

text:
16 Serpentis is a binary star system in the Serpens Caput portion of the equatorial constellation of Serpens, located 228 light years from the Sun. It is visible to the naked eye as a fain, orange-hued star with an apparent visual magnitude of 5.261. The system is moving further from the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of +3 km/s.

The variable radial velocity of this star was discovered at Lick Observatory and was announced by J. H. Moore in 1924. It is a single-lined spectroscopic binary with an orbital period of  and an eccentricity of 0.345. The visible component is an evolved giant star with a stellar classification of . This is a mild barium star with the suffix notation above indicating associated abundance anomalies. The companion is a presumed white dwarf star that has already passed through its giant stage, during which time it enhanced the envelope of the companion with s-process elements. The pair form one of the widest barium star binaries known, which may account for the mildness of the barium anomaly.

References

K-type giants
Barium stars
Spectroscopic binaries
Serpens
Durchmusterung objects
Serpentis, 16
139195
076425
5802


title: Nord's 7th constituency

text:
The 7th constituency of the Nord is a French legislative constituency in the Nord département.

Description

Nord's 7th constituency includes the western portion of Roubaix, the second largest city in Nord-Pas-de-Calais, as well as most of Lannoy which forms its eastern suburbs.

The seat has historically swung between left and right with the Socialist Party in control throughout the 1970s and 1980s. In more recent years, however, the seat has returned the conservative
Francis Vercamer originally for the UMP and New Centre party but now for the UDI and Independents group.

Historic Representation

Election results

2022

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* LREM dissident

2017

2012

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2007

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2002

|-
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1997

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Sources
 Official results of French elections from 1998:

7


title: 2014–15 Basketball Bundesliga

text:
The Basketball Bundesliga 2014–15 was the 49th season of the Basketball Bundesliga. The regular season started on 2 October 2014 and ended on 3 May 2015. The Playoffs started on 9 May and ended on 21 June 2015.

Brose Baskets was the top seed in the regular season. The team also won the title, after it beat Bayern Munich 3–2 in the Finals. TBB Trier and Crailsheim Merlins finished in the relegation places, but due to Artland Dragons withdrawing from the Bundesliga, Crailsheim accepted an offer to remain in the Bundesliga for 2015–16.

Team information

Standings

Results

Playoffs

Bracket

Statistical leaders

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Rebounds

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Assists

|}

Awards

All-Star Game

Broadcasting
On 17 June 2014 it was announced that, starting from this season, all BBL-games will be broadcast, as the league has signed a contract until 2018 with Telekom.

See also
2015 BBL-Pokal

Notes

References

External links
German League official website

Basketball Bundesliga seasons
German
1


title: Meriden Town Hall

text:
Meriden Town Hall is a historic municipal building at 110 Main Street in the Meriden village of Plainfield, New Hampshire.  The building, still serving its original function, is the only purpose-built town hall building in Plainfield, whose government is divided between Plainfield village (where Plainfield Town Hall is located) and Meriden.  The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998.

Description and history
Plainfield's Meriden Town Hall is located on the northern fringe of the village of Meriden, on the northeast side of Main Street.  It is a two-story wood-frame structure on a brick foundation, with a clapboarded exterior and hip roof.  Its main facade is three bays wide, with double leaf doors sheltered by a gable-roof porch.  The side elevations each have six windows, most of which are tall sash.  Its principal exterior alterations since construction are the addition of the front porch in 1901, and the addition of a handicapped access ramp aod door to one of the side window bays in 1995.

This town hall was built after the previous meeting house (built 1797), used for both religious and civic functions, was destroyed by fire in 1894.  Plainfield's other town hall, was also originally a dual-use meeting house, and was converted to exclusively municipal use in 1846.

See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Sullivan County, New Hampshire

References

City and town halls on the National Register of Historic Places in New Hampshire
Colonial Revival architecture in New Hampshire
Government buildings completed in 1896
Buildings and structures in Sullivan County, New Hampshire
City and town halls in New Hampshire
National Register of Historic Places in Sullivan County, New Hampshire
Plainfield, New Hampshire


title: HD 41248

text:
HD 41248 is a star in the constellation Pictor. It is a star very similar to the Sun, with the same spectral type (G2V). It has 68% of the Sun's luminosity, 92% of its mass and 78% of its diameter. It is estimated to be around 2 billion years old, and it has a lower metallicity—43% that of the Sun. With an apparent visual magnitude of 8.81, it is too faint to be seen with the unaided eye, and is located around 170 light-years (52 parsecs) away from the Solar System.

HD 41248 was investigated in the High Accuracy Radial Velocity Planet Searcher (HARPS) and initially thought not to have planets, but review of its spectrum showed it to have two super-earths with orbital periods of 18.357 days and 25.648 days and minimum masses 12.3 and 8.6 times that of the Earth. The planets are in a 7:5 mean motion resonance. The existence of the planets has been called into question as being a possible false detection due to stellar activity, with a cycle of 25 days related to the star's rotational period. The original researchers conceded small planet signals could be difficult to unravel from signal noise and noted that the star had become more active in recent years, but in reanalysing all the data concluded that the stability of the radial velocity signals over ten years strengthened the case for the planet hypothesis. They add that more conclusive proof could come as instruments operating in the near infrared such as CARMENES or the Habitable Zone Planet Finder (HPF) become operational.

References

Pictor
G-type main-sequence stars
041248
028460
Durchmusterung objects


title: Mothers' and Daughters' Club House

text:
The Mothers' and Daughters' Club House is a historic social club building on Main Street (New Hampshire Route 12A) in Plainfield, New Hampshire.  Built in 1901 to a design by Charles A. Platt, it is believed to be one of the oldest clubhouses for women in the country.  The building, now a historical society museum, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

Description and history
Plainfield's former Mothers' and Daughters' Club House is located in the village of Plainfield, on the east side of Main Street a short way north of Plainfield Town Hall.  It is a single story wood-frame structure, five bays wide and one deep, with a pyramidal hipped roof.  A small woodshed is attached to the east (rear) end of the building, and there is a trellised front porch, added shortly after the building's construction.  The interior has a single large chamber, with five bays of windows on the side walls, and a fireplace at its eastern end.

The building was designed by New York City architect Charles A. Platt and built in 1901; Platt was a summer resident of nearby Cornish, and his wife was one of the club's founders. The social club for which it was built was part of a social movement involving a renaissance of handicraft, in this instance predominantly involved in the creation of hooked rugs.  The club's large workroom was used both for weaving, and for the final assembly of large rugs and bedspreads sewn together from smaller segments.  Profits from the sale of these items supported the club and the participants in the creation of the goods.

See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Sullivan County, New Hampshire

References

Clubhouses on the National Register of Historic Places in New Hampshire
Buildings and structures completed in 1901
Buildings and structures in Sullivan County, New Hampshire
National Register of Historic Places in Sullivan County, New Hampshire
Plainfield, New Hampshire
History of women in New Hampshire


title: Dicellitis cornucopiae

text:
Dicellitis cornucopiae is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found on the Maluku Islands of Indonesia.

References

Moths described in 1941
Archipini


title: Dicellitis furcigera

text:
Dicellitis furcigera is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Papua New Guinea.

References

Moths described in 1928
Archipini


title: Lithuania in the Eurovision Song Contest 2001

text:
Lithuania participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 2001 with the song "You Got Style" written by Viktoras Diawara, Vilius Alesius and Erica Jennings. The song was performed by the group Skamp. The Lithuanian broadcaster Lithuanian National Radio and Television (LRT) returned to the Eurovision Song Contest after a one-year absence following their relegation in 2000 as one of the six countries with the lowest average scores over the previous five contests. LRT organised the national final "Eurovizijos" dainų konkurso nacionalinė atranka (Eurovision Song Contest national selection) in order to select the Lithuanian entry for the 2001 contest in Copenhagen, Denmark. The national final involved 15 competing entries and "You Got Style" performed by Skamp was selected as the winner following the combination of votes from a jury panel, votes from the venue audience and a public vote.

Lithuania competed in the Eurovision Song Contest which took place on 12 May 2001. Performing during the show in position eight, Lithuania placed thirteenth out of the 24 participating countries, scoring 35 points.

Background

Prior to the 2001 contest, Lithuania had participated in the Eurovision Song Contest twice since its first entry in 1994. The nation’s best placing in the contest was twentieth, which it achieved in 1999 with the song "Strazdas" performed by Aistė. For the 2001 contest, the Lithuanian national broadcaster, Lithuanian National Radio and Television (LRT), broadcast the event within Lithuania and organised the selection process for the nation's entry. Lithuania has selected their debut entry in 1994 through an internal selection, while a national final procedure selected the Lithuanian entry in 1999. For 2001, LRT organized "Eurovizijos" dainų konkurso nacionalinė atranka as the national final to select Lithuania's entry for Copenhagen.

Before Eurovision

"Eurovizijos" dainų konkurso nacionalinė atranka
"Eurovizijos" dainų konkurso nacionalinė atranka (Eurovision Song Contest national selection) was the national final format developed by LRT in order to select Lithuania's entry for the Eurovision Song Contest 2001. The competition took place on 9 March 2001 at the Palace of Sports and Culture in Vilnius, hosted by Neringa Svetikaitė and Darius Užkuraitis and was broadcast on LTV and LTV2.

Competing entries
LRT opened a submission period for artists and songwriters to submit their entries with the deadline on 12 November 2000. On 8 January 2001, LRT announced the 15 entries selected for the competition from 36 submissions received. The eight-member jury panel that selected the competing entries consisted of Gytis Daugėla (President of the Music Culture Support Fund), Faustas Latėnas (composer), Janina Miščiukaitė (singer), Justas Mamontovas (recording company "Partija" director), Simona Jansonaitė (Respublika journalist), Vytautas Juozapaitis (opera singer), Daiva Rinkevičiūtė (Lietuvos rytas journalist) and Zita Kelmickaitė (Head of LRT's music editorial board).

Final
The competition took place on 9 March 2001 and featured the 15 competing entries. "You Got Style" performed by Skamp was selected as the winner following the combination of votes from a jury panel (50%), the audience in the venue (25%) and public televoting (25%). The members of the jury consisted of Vaclovas Augustinas (composer and conductor), Zita Kelmickaitė (Head of LRT's music editorial board), Vytautas Kernagis (singer-songwriter), Viktoras Malinauskas (singer), Ramunė Piekautaitė (fashion designer), Daiva Rinkevičiūtė (TV Antena journalist), Gintaras Sodeika (Chairman of the Lithuanian Composers' Union), Daiva Tamošiūnaitė (Radiocentras presenter), Gintaras Varnas (director) and Edita Vilčiauskienė (Lietuvos Radijas music editor). In addition to the performances of the competing entries, Arnis Mednis opened the show with the 2001 Latvian Eurovision entry "Too Much".

At Eurovision

The Eurovision Song Contest 2001 took place at Parken Stadium in Copenhagen, Denmark, on 12 May 2001. The relegation rules introduced for the 1997 contest were again utilised ahead of the 2001 contest, based on each country's average points total in previous contests. The 23 participants were made up of the host country, the "Big Four" (France, Germany, Spain and the United Kingdom), and the 12 countries with the highest average scores between the 1996 and 2000 contests competed in the final. On 21 November 2000, an allocation draw was held which determined the running order and Lithuania was set to perform in position eight, following the entry from Sweden and before the entry from Latvia. Lithuania finished in 13th place with 35 points. The show was broadcast in Lithuania on LTV with commentary by Darius Užkuraitis.

Voting

Voting during the show involved each country awarding points from 1-8, 10 and 12 as determined by either 100% televoting or a combination of 50% televoting and 50% national jury. In cases where televoting was not possible, only the votes of the eight-member national juries were tabulated. Lithuania received 35 points, with its highest award of 10 points coming from Russia. The nation awarded its top 12 points to contest winners Estonia. Loreta Tarozaitė was the Lithuanian spokesperson announcing the country's voting results during the show. Below is a breakdown of points awarded to Lithuania and awarded by Lithuania in the contest.

References

2001
Countries in the Eurovision Song Contest 2001
Eurovision


The Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment of the Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg (, abbreviated ICBM)
is one of the marine science institutes at the German coast and the only university-based marine research institute in Lower Saxony, Germany.
The ICBM is located on the campus Wechloy in Oldenburg, with locations in Wilhelmshaven  and on the island of Spiekeroog (in relation to the national park centre Wittbülten on the area of the Hermann Lietz School). The ICBM operates the Wadden Sea time series station Spiekeroog (WSS) and several research vessels.

Mission statement and research
The ICBM carries out fundamental and applied research in marine and environmental sciences. Interdisciplinary research will provide understanding of the various interactions of marine environmental systems.
The research focuses on marine biogeochemical cycles and energy fluxes, as well as on the functional role of marine biodiversity, especially in coastal zones worldwide, and in the oceans.
The mathematic modelling of different environmental systems is complemented by modern, high-resolution analytics and in-house marine sensor developments.
The institute is composed of three sections covering altogether 18 research groups:
Section Geochemistry and Analytics
Section Biology and Ecology
Section Physics and Modelling
For a better understanding of the complex relations the ICBM aims to foster interdisciplinary research.

Academic training
The courses of study are closely related to the research activities to provide interdisciplinary and research-oriented training.
The institute offers a broad bachelor programme with contents of marine, environmental and landscape-ecological sciences as well as four Master Programmes which are: Marine Environmental Sciences, Microbiology (held in English), Environmental Modelling and Marine Sensors. In cooperation with the ICBM, the Jade University of Applied Sciences offers a Bachelor Programme which is fundamental for marine engineering. The ICBM is ERASMUS exchange partner for students.

History
In July 1987, Lower Saxony’s minister of Science and Art approved the establishment of the ICBM as a cooperation of the university departments of mathematics, biology, physics and chemistry. In 1991, the ICBM was approved as a central organisation of the University of Oldenburg. The registered association „Centre for Research on Shallow seas, Coastal Zones and the Marine Environment – Research Centre Terramare” (Zentrum für Flachmeer-, Küsten- und Meeresumweltforschung e.V. – Forschungszentrum Terramare) which was founded in 1990 in Wilhelmshaven and financed through federal state resources was incorporated into the ICBM in 2008.
The former directors of the ICBM are Wolfgang Krumbein, Ulrich Kattmann, Hans Joachim Schellnhuber, Bruno Eckhardt, Wolfgang Ebenhöh, Heribert Cypionka, Meinhard Simon, Hans-Jürgen Brumsack, Ulrike Feudel,  Jürgen Rullkötter, Helmut Hillebrand, Bernd Blasius and Oliver Zielinski. At present, the institute is headed by Heinz Wilkes.

Cooperations and memberships
The ICBM cooperates closely with the Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology und MARUM, both located in Bremen; with the Alfred Wegener Institute in Bremerhaven, as well as with the Senckenberg Institute by the Sea and the Jade University of Applied Sciences, both located in Wilhelmshaven. The ICBM is a member of the German Marine Research Consortium (KDM) and of the Northwest Marine Research Association (NWMV).

References

External links

Homepage

Biogeochemistry
Coastal geography
Research institutes in Lower Saxony
Oceanographic organizations
University of Oldenburg


title: List of Iberian donkey breeds

text:
This is a list of the breeds of ass or donkey usually considered to originate in Spain and Portugal.

References

Donkey

Donkey


title: Dicellitis nigritula

text:
Dicellitis nigritula is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in India (Coorg) and Nepal.

References

Moths described in 1908
Archipini


title: HMS Thistle (1899)

text:
HMS Thistle was a Bramble-class gunboat of the Royal Navy, launched in 1899 and broken up in 1926. She was the last classic Victorian gunboat, and the last British warship to retain a practical sailing rig.

Design

HMS Thistle was the last of four Bramble-class vessels, built in the 1890s to patrol the remote outposts of the British Empire in the era of gunboat diplomacy.

In most respects, she resembled a scaled-down protected cruiser, a steel warship with a modern design and up-to-date armament, and very comfortable quarters for her crew. However, in order to navigate on uncharted coasts and tropical rivers, she was given a very compact shallow-draught hull, and this meant she only had a very limited coal supply. In addition, low technology was used to minimize construction cost and logistical requirements. As a result, the Thistle was given a two-masted sailing rig as a supplementary means of propulsion, along with a number of other anachronistic features such as a manual capstan to raise the anchor, and candles rather than light bulbs.

Policy changes shortly after the Thistle's launch meant that no further gunboats would be built for the Royal Navy, and the use of sail propulsion was strongly discouraged. Nonetheless, problems with using Thistle's engines for long-range cruising would prompt the restoration of her sailing rig in 1919, while her usefulness on colonial stations meant that she was refitted to maintain her capabilities in the 1920s, acquiring an anti-aircraft armament.

Service history
The Thistle was laid down at the London & Glasgow shipyards in Govan in December 1897. She was the last ship of her class to be launched, on 22 June 1899, and would not complete her fitting-out until 1901. On her sea-trials, she performed well, reaching her design speed of 13.5 knots under engine power.

North Atlantic and West Africa, 1902-1905
HMS Thistle was initially deployed to the North America and West Indies Station under the command of Lieutenant and Commander Edward Stafford Houseman. During Spring 1902 she toured the North Atlantic Ocean, visiting São Vicente, Cape Verde, Barbados, Bermuda, and New York. After arrival at Halifax, Nova Scotia, in early May, she was fitted out for Newfoundland fishery protection service. In August she visited Horta, Azores, Sao Vicente, Sierra Leone and Gabon River, before she arrived at Saint Helena in October 1902.

In June 1904 she was posted in West Africa, when her crew provided teams for the first competitive games of cricket and football in Nigeria, being convincingly beaten in both matches by local teams from Hope Waddell Training Institution. In 1905, she was at Simon's Bay to witness the arrival of Admiral Rozhestvensky's fleet on their long, laborious voyage from the Baltic Sea to the Battle of Tsushima. The fact that only Thistle and the cruiser HMS Crescent were available to deter an entire fleet of battleships caused considerable local alarm.

Far East, 1906-1914
The Thistle was subsequently transferred to the China Station, where she was assigned to protect British imperial interests in the treaty ports along the Yangtze river, and was deployed 600 miles inland at Hankou (now part of the Wuhan conurbation). The early years of this assignment were relatively leisurely, and the Thistle's surgeon, Walter Perceval Yetts, acquired a deep admiration for Chinese civilization, which would lead him to become an important sinologist.

In 1911, however, the Thistle found herself in the front line of the crisis which developed into the Chinese Revolution. She was subsequently withdrawn to Hong Kong, spending increasingly long stretches in harbour, and making occasional voyages across the South China Sea to coastal anchorages in mainland China. She now relied exclusively on her engines, and when the Great War broke out, Thistle and the other gunboats on the China Station were decommissioned to provide a crew for the old battleship HMS Triumph, which was now regarded as a more important military asset.

East Africa, 1915-1918
In 1915, it was decided to reactivate HMS Thistle and transfer her to East Africa. The initial intention was to send her into the Rufiji Delta to fight the German cruiser SMS Königsberg, but the Admiralty modified its plans by also sending the monitors HMS Mersey and HMS Severn through the Suez Canal, and they subsequently destroyed the Königsberg before the Thistle even set sail.

Nonetheless, the Thistle was recommissioned under a new captain, Lieutenant-Commander Hector Boyes, and set out to steam from Hong Kong to Zanzibar. The first stages as far as the Straits of Malacca were characterized by mechanical problems, and Thistle spent much of this part of the journey being towed by other ships. The machinery proved less problematic on the long treks across the Indian Ocean from Singapore to Colombo and from the Maldives to the Seychelles, but on both these stages, the ship was close to running out of coal by the time she reached her destination. HMS Thistle eventually arrived in East Africa in November 1915, and would remain there for the rest of World War I.

In September 1916, the Thistle participated in the amphibious campaign against German East Africa, providing inshore protection for landings at Dar es Salaam and elsewhere, and pushing through difficult channels to bring fire support to soldiers striking inland. The Thistle was somewhat overshadowed by the continuing presence of the more powerful Mersey and Severn, but the gunboat nonetheless distinguished herself, particularly in the defense of Lindi against a German artillery position, an action which earned Commander Boyes the Order of St Michael and St George, and Leading Stoker James Leach the Conspicuous Gallantry Medal.

The most important moment of the gunboat's time in East Africa was still to come, however. By July 1918, the German column had entered Portuguese Mozambique, and routed the opposing Anglo-Portuguese troops. The Thistle was anchored in the harbour at Quelimane, and seemed to be the last line of defence against a major German victory. The port was supposedly defended by the Portuguese cruiser Adamastor, but the governor, Colonel Tómas de Sousa Rosas, was intent on using the ship to simply evacuate himself and his luggage, abandoning the harbour and its stockpiles and supply facilities to the German forces. Commander Boyes resolved to stand and fight with the Thistle and her small crew, an action which shamed Sousa Rosas and Adamastor into holding their ground, thus dissuading the Germans from an attack. This act of determination earned Boyes the Portuguese Order of Aviz.

West Africa, 1919-1924
In 1919, HMS Thistle was ordered to return to West Africa, but almost as soon as the ship left Zanzibar, the starboard propeller failed. The gunboat's new captain, Lieutenant-Commander Cecil Cruttwell, had been educated aboard the square-rigged training ship HMS Conway, and he promptly set the crew to making a new set of sails.

The new sails seem to have always been used in combination with whatever engine power was available, increasing speed and thus reducing fuel consumption, but they were seen as useful enough to be retained when the engine was repaired. The limited coal supply continued to be a problem, and on a visit to Liberia in 1920, the gunboat's crew had to obtain wood in Monrovia in to avoid running completely out of fuel. HMS Thistle would retain a sailing rig for the rest of her career.

The Thistle seems to have no longer had her main topmast by 1919, as the mainmast was demoted to become the mizzen, and the ship adopted what was effectively a ketch sailplan, with a jib in the bows, a tall square-rigged foremast carrying a mainsail and topsail, and two fore-and-aft sails on the shorter mizzen, a staysail and a trysail spanker. Subsequently, she adopted a reduced rig of just three sails - her jib, one square sail on the foremast, and a single fore-and-aft sail on the mizzen.

Although the sails were only used in conjunction with the engines, the fact that the Thistle had returned to sail as a means of propulsion distinguishes her from a number of other Royal Navy warships which resumed the use of staysails to improve their seakeeping and stationkeeping ability (a practice which was not fully abandoned until HMS Reclaim paid off in 1979).

The Thistle remained on the Atlantic coast of Africa. She was refitted and rearmed, losing her secondary artillery and machine guns in exchange for anti-aircraft cannons, and she was still performing gunboat diplomacy in early 1925. A few months later, however, HMS Thistle sailed for home. International newspapers reported on the final passing of the age of sail.

The hulk of Thistle was subsequently sold for scrap in August 1926.

References

Sources
 Anon, "Thistle", Journal of the American Society of Naval Engineers, 11 (1899), p. 1106
 U.S. Office of Naval Intelligence, Notes on Naval Progress, November 1899 (ONI General Information Series, No. XVIII; Washington, 1899)
 Efiong U. Aye, Hope Waddell Training Institution: Life and Work (1894-1978)
 T.A. Brassey, ed. The Naval Annual, 1902 (Portsmouth, 1902)
 Lawrence G. Green, Eight Bells at Salamander (Cape Town, 1960)
 Edward Paice, Tip & Run: The Untold Tragedy of the Great War in Africa (London 2008)
 Antony Preston and John Major, Send a Gunboat: The Victorian Navy And Supremacy At Sea, 1854–1904 (London 1967, 2007)
 Kemp Tolley, Yangtze Patrol: The U.S. Navy in China (Annapolis, MD, 1971, 2000)

Online sources

 "Britain's Last Sailing Warship to Be Scrapped", Milwaukee Sentinel, 17 May 1925 1
 Logs of HMS Thistle, 1914-1924 (Naval-History.Net): 1, 2, 3.
 Details at the Clydebuilt Ships Database:
 Photographs taken by Lt. Douglas Claris of HMS Thistle, 1910-1912 (Imperial War Museum): p1, p2, p3.
 Summary of Cmdr. Boyes' command of Thistle in 1915-1918 and the medals awarded: .
 Leading Stoker Leach's gallantry award:

1899 ships
Ships built in Govan
Bramble-class gunboats (1898)
Victorian-era gunboats of the United Kingdom
World War I naval ships of the United Kingdom


title: Joseph Kimball

text:
Joseph A. Kimball (October 6, 1844 – May 1, 1910) was an American soldier who fought in the American Civil War. Kimball received his country's highest award for bravery during combat, the Medal of Honor. Kimball's medal was won for his capturing the flag of the Confederate 6th North Carolina Infantry at the Battle of Sailor's Creek in Virginia on April 6, 1865. He was honored with the award on May 3, 1865.

Kimball was born in Littleton, New Hampshire, and entered service in Ironton, Ohio. He was buried in Bloomington, Illinois.

Medal of Honor citation
Rank and organization: Private, Company B, 2d West Virginia Cavalry. Place and date: At Sailors Creek, Va., 6 April 1865. Entered service at: Ironton, Ohio. Birth: Littleton, N.H. Date of issue: 3 May 1865.

Kimball's's official Medal of Honor citation reads:

See also
List of American Civil War Medal of Honor recipients: G–L

References

External links

1836 births
1909 deaths
American Civil War recipients of the Medal of Honor
People from Ironton, Ohio
People of Ohio in the American Civil War
Union Army soldiers
United States Army Medal of Honor recipients
Burials in West Virginia


title: Joy of Cooking (album)

text:
Joy of Cooking is the first studio album by American band Joy of Cooking formed in 1967 in Berkeley, California. The LP album was first released by Capitol Records in 1971 and reissued on CD by Acadia Records on May 5, 2003. The album peaked at 100 on the Billboard 200 in 1971.

Critical reception

In Christgau's Record Guide: Rock Albums of the Seventies (1981), Robert Christgau wrote of the album:

The album was listed as the 6th best of 1971 in The Village Voices Pazz & Jop critics poll. Christgau, the poll's creator, ranked it first in his ballot, while fellow critic Ellen Willis placed it second, behind The Who's Who's Next.

Track listing

All songs written by Toni Brown unless otherwise noted.

Side one
 "Hush" (Traditional) – 2:50
 "Too Late, But Not Forgotten" – 4:24
 "Down My Dream" – 4:21
 "If Some God (Sometimes You Gotta Go Home)" – 3:47
 "Did You Go Downtown" (Terry Garthwaite) – 7:39
 "Dancing Couple" 0:58

Side two
 "Brownsville/Mockingbird" (Brown, Garthwaite/Furry Lewis) – 5:55
 "Red Wine At Noon" – 3:39
 "Only Time Will Tell Me " – 5:17
 "Children's House" – 6:55

Personnel
Joy of Cooking

 Toni Brown –  arranger, composer, guitar, steel guitar, kalimba, keyboards, vocals
 David Garthwaite – bass, guitar
 Terry Garthwaite – arranger, clarinet, composer, guitar, 12-string guitar, vocals
 Fritz Kasten – drums, alto saxophone, saxophone
 Ron Wilson – congas, cowbell, harmonica, harp, percussion, tambourine

Additional personnel

 ED Denson – photography
 Jules E. Kliot – photography
 Furry Lewis – composer
 John Palladino – producer
 Phil Sawyer – engineer
 Pete Tytler – artwork
 Ed Ward – liner notes

Charts

References

External links
 Joy of Cooking official website

Further reading

1971 debut albums
Capitol Records albums