title: Mamdouh Eldamaty

text:
Mamdouh Mohamed Gad Eldamaty (; born 6 December 1961) is an Egyptian Egyptologist who has served in the government of Egypt as Minister of Antiquities from 2014 until 2016. He has also worked as Professor of Egyptology at the Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Arts, Ain Shams University in Cairo. On 15 May 2011, he became Cultural Counselor and Head of the Educational Mission at the Embassy of Egypt in Berlin. On 16 June 2014, it was announced that he was to be appointed as Minister of Antiquities, a position he held until March 2016 when he was replaced by Khaled al-Anani after a cabinet reshuffle.

Early life and education
He was born in Cairo and attended high school there. In 1979, he registered with the Faculty of Archaeology, Cairo University.
In July 1981, he was looking for a summer job as a student. He went to the Egyptian Museum in Cairo and met with Mohamed Saleh, the vice director of the museum. He worked there for one month. In the summer of 1982, he worked at the museum again during a summer student job. He did work that brought him into contact with all departments of the museum. In 1983, he graduated from the Faculty of Archaeology, Cairo University.

After his graduation, he did voluntary work at the museum for a month. After that, he joined the restoration team of the Coptic Museum for several months. In January 1984, he started his 15-month-long conscription service. He worked at the museum again from April 1985 to September 1987. He rejoined the Faculty at Cairo University to resume higher studies. The thesis of his Master's Degree was "St-Meskhnet hall at Dendera Temple, linguistic and cultural study" under the supervision of Abdelhalim Noureldin and partnership of Ola El-Aguizy.

Through his work at the Museum he became acquainted with many Egyptologists and archaeologists who visited the Museum. Among those was Erich Winter at Trier University, who along with his wife visited Egypt in 1987 and were accompanied by the young Mamdouh Eldamaty during their 3-day visit to Siwa Oasis. This new contact proved to be quite useful as Winter encouraged the young Egyptologist to continue his studies under his supervision at the Department of Egyptology at Trier University.

In October 1988 he worked as a curator at the Faculty of Archaeology Museum of Cairo University. During his work he got his master's degree in April 1989 in Egyptology from the same faculty. Immediately he left Egypt for Germany on leave to prepare for his PhD.
Without any state-sponsored scholarships, it was rather difficult for him to get an entry visa to study in Germany without a guarantor. Thanks to the help and support of his Professor and guarantor, Mohamed Saleh, an entry visa was issued and he started his German-language courses at Cologne University as soon as he arrived in Germany. He supported himself by working during summer vacation. While in Cologne he had correspondence with Trier University. He was accepted to Trier University, which he joined in the winter semester of 1989/1990. He commenced his Trier residence by learning German until he acquired the Deutsche Sprachprüfung für den Hochschulzugang which qualified him for regular study at the university. He registered for Egyptology as his major subject with classical archaeology and ethnology as minor subjects in the summer semester of 1991.

During the winter semester of 1992/93, he registered for his PhD with the thesis ‘Sokar-Osiris-Kapelle im Tempel von Dendera’ for which he received a study scholarship from the Ministry of Culture at Rhineland-Palatinate that enabled him to conclude his studies in June 1995. During his stay in Germany, on 26 February 1992 he married Aida Abdelghany Ahmed, who studied sociology at Zagazig University. She accompanied him to Germany where she gave birth to their first daughter, Mariam, in Trier in 1993.

Having concluded his PhD, he returned to Egypt in September 1995 but kept visiting Trier frequently in the years 1996, 1997, 1999, 2002, 2004 and 2007 in order to follow recent publications and studies on Egyptology. Back in Cairo, where the family got a son and another daughter, he resumed his work for the Faculty’s Museum until January 1996.

Starting from January 1996, he became a lecturer for Egyptology at the Faculty of Tourism and Hotels, Cairo University, Fayoum Branch. Upon founding an archaeological department at the Faculty of Arts, Ain Shams University in August 1998, he moved to the new department as a lecturer for Egyptology until end of 2001.

Career

Director General of Egyptian Museum in Cairo
At the beginning of 2001 he was appointed Director General of the Egyptian Museum in Cairo, a post that he held until the end of January 2004.

During his directorship, the Museum witnessed several far reaching activities, developing its cellar (April 2001), restoring old records of the Museum (May 2001), preparing for the second chamber for royal mummies (June 2001) and establishing a restoration laboratory for papyrus, in cooperation with Corrado Basile, Director of Istituto Internazionale del Papiro, Syracuse in Italy (March 2003).

In July 2001 he presented a concept for the centennial of the Egyptian Museum in Cairo, which included several projects to promote and develop the old institution. This concept was approved by Gaballa Ali Gaballa, the Secretary General of the Higher Council for Monuments, and by the Minister of Culture as well. These activities were performed in late 2002 in the time of the successor of Gaballa, Zahi Hawass, who gave this ceremony special attention.

Eldamaty was assigned also to supervise the external exhibitions committee from May 2002 to February 2004.

Professor at Ain Shams University
Having concluded his assignment at the Egyptian Museum he returned to his main work in teaching at Ain Shams University. There he got the post of associate professor of Egyptology at the Faculty of Arts from 25 March 2001 until 20 August 2006.  On 21 August he became a full professor of Egyptology and presided over the Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Arts at Ain Shams University from 12 September 2006 until 12 September 2009.

At the same time, he was assigned to head the college center for studies, consultations, and training from 15 October 2008 until 13 October 2009 when he took over the post of director of the Open Education Center from 22 March 2009 until 15 November 2009.
Starting from 13 September 2009 until 14 May 2011, he was the Dean of the Faculty of Arts at Ain Shams University. During his deanship he supervised the Project for Sustainable Development and Qualifying for Accreditation. This sustainable development specified certain criteria for the selection of university cadres, which was approved by the college council, albeit not by the university council due to the political conditions accompanying the Arab spring in January 2011.

Following the revolution, he organized the first election process in Egyptian universities to choose his successor as Dean of the Faculty in March 2011, as he left the country on 15 May 2011 in the capacity of cultural counselor at the Egyptian Embassy to Berlin and head of the educational mission there. In this post, he supervised all Egyptian students in Germany, the Netherlands, Poland, Denmark, Sweden, Finland and Norway.

Teaching in international universities and schools

SS.1993 and WS. 1993/94, teaching “Pharaonic art” in the “Volkshochschule” in Trier (Germany).
WS 2006 – WS 2007, teaching “Late Period Monuments”; “History of Ancient Egypt Art” and “History of Ancient Egypt” in the American University in Cairo (AUC).
01 Apr 2005 – 31 Jul 2005 Guest Professor in the Seminar of Egyptology, Basel University in Switzerland.

Teaching in Egyptian universities

Oct 1995 - May 1997, teaching “Ancient Egyptian Art and Egyptian Art in the Ptolemaic Period” in the Faculty of Archaeology, Cairo University.
Oct 1995 - May 1998, teaching “Ancient Egyptian Language and Egyptian Art in the Ptolemaic Period” in the Faculty of Archaeology, Cairo University, Fayoum Branch.
Oct 1996 - May 1999, teaching “Ancient Egyptian Art” in the High Institute of Tourism and Hotels.
Oct 1996 – May 2004, teaching “Egyptian art in the Ptolemaic Period” in the Faculty of Tourism and Hotels, Helwan University.
Oct 2005 to date, teaching “Ancient Egyptian History” in the Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University.
Oct 2005 to date, teaching “Ancient Egyptian Language” in the Faculty of Arabic Language, Al-Azhar University.

Membership and other professional activities

International Committee of Arabic Museums (ICOM-Arab). Vice President of
ICOM-Arab (Sep 2001 – Oct 2003).
President of ICOM-Arab (Oct 2003 - 2004).
International Association of Egyptologists.
Arab Archaeologists Association.
Egyptian Society for historical studies.
The German Archaeological Institute (DAI).
The team in charge of the establishment of the Egypt Archaeological Map.
Board  of  Directors  of  the  antiquities  Museum  of  the library  of  Alexandria
(Bibliotheca Alexandrina).
Egyptological team in charge of the organization of the exhibits of the New
Museum  of  Egyptian  antiquities  to  be  built  in  Giza (from Sep 1999 to
31 Jan 2004).
Board of Directors of Cairo Museum (from 01 Feb 2001 to 31 Jan 2004).
Board  of  Directors  of  permanent  committee  in  SCA. (From  01 Feb 2001  to
31 Jan 2004).
Board of Directors of Museums sector in SCA. (From 01 Feb 2001 to 31 Jan 2004).

Awards and honors

Legion of Honor “Cavalier” from the Italian Government (10 Oct 2004).

State Award for Excellence in Social Sciences (21 Jun 2010)

Scientific publications

“Squatting statues in the Cairo Museum”, in: Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts Abteilung Kairo 46, Mainz 1990, 1-13 (Taf. 1-9).
“Isis-Hathor im Tempel von Dendera”, in: Aegyptiaca Treverensia 7 (Festschrift für Erich Winter), Mainz 1994, 81-87.
Sokar-Osiris-Kapelle im Tempel von Dendera, Hamburg 1995.
“Eine Szene der Besänftigung der Sachmet im Kiosk von Dendera”, in: Journal of  the faculty of  Archaeology 7, Cairo 1996, 147-156.
“Der Goldfalke als Opfergabe in den grichisch-römischen Tempel”, in: Göttinger Miszellen 161, Göttingen 1997, 51-64.
“Horus als Ka des Königs”, in: Göttinger Miszellen 169, Göttingen 1999, 31-45 (Taf. 1-8).
Catalogue Général of Egyptian Antiquities in the Cairo Museum, Statues of  the XXVth.  and   XXVIth.  Dynasties, Nr.  48601-48649, Cairo 1999. (together with Jack A. Josephson)
“Die Schutzformeln hinter dem König im Kiosk des Tempels von Dendera”, in: Bibliothèque d’Etude 138 (Hommages a Fayza Haikal), Cairo 2003, 83-91.
“Die Treppe des Hinaufsteigens zum Dach des Tempels von Dendera im Neujahrfest”, in: Egyptology at the dawn of the twenty-first century (proceedings of the Eighth International Congress of Egyptologists, Cairo 2000), vol. 1, Cairo 2003, 171-179.
“The Egyptian Directors of the Cairo Museum 1941-1991”, in: Bulletin of the Egyptian Museum 1, Cairo 2004, 7-8. (together with Heba Samy)
Ein ptolemäisches Pristerdekret aus dem Jahr 186 v. Chr. eine neue Version von Philensis II in Kairo, APF-Beiheft 20, München und Leipzig 2005.
“Zur Bedeutung der leeren Kartuschen”, in: Göttinger Miszellen 207 (2005), pp. 23–36.
“Stela of Iuyres in Cairo Museum”, in: Journal of the faculty of Archaeology 10, Cairo 2005, pp 63–69.
“Zwei Stelen mit Sonnenhymnen aus dem Kairener Museum”, (FS Mohamed Saleh), in: Bulletin of the Egyptian Museum 2, Cairo 2005, pp. 55–60.
“Die leeren Kartuschen aus der Regierungszeit von Kleopatra VII. im Tempel von Dendera”, in: OLA 150 (Leuven, 2007), pp. 511– 544.
“A Statuette of Psamtik I with a Spear”, in: Sue H. D’Auria, Servant of Mut: Studies in Honor of Richard A. Fazzini, Leiden 2007, pp. 83–88.
“Die leeren Kartuschen im Tempel von Edfu”, in: U. Rössler & T. Tawfik (HRSG.), Die ihr vorbeigehen werdet ... Wenn Gräber, Tempel und Statuen sprechen, Gedenkschrift für Prof. Sayed Tawfik Ahmed, SDAIK 16, Berlin 2009, pp. 81–102, Taf. 9-12.
"Die leeren Kartuschen von Echnaton”, in: Sue H. D'Auria (edit.), Offerings of the Discerning Eye, An Egyptological Medley in Honor of Jack Josephson, (= Culture and Hisrtory of the Ancient Near East 38, Leiden 2010), pp. 79–81.
“Die ptolemäische Königin als Weiblicher Horus”, in: A. Jördens und J. F. Quack (edit.), Ägypten zwischen innerem Zwist und äußerem Druck. Die Zeit Ptolemaios’ VI. bis VIII., (= PHILIPPIKA, Marburger altertumskundliche Abhandlungen 45, Wiesbaden 2011), pp. 24–57.
التاريخ المصري القديم من البداية إلى نهاية الدولة الوسطى (بالإشتراك مع زكية طبوزادة)، القاهرة 2000.
أثار مصر القديمة من أقدم العصور حتى نهاية الدولة الوسطى (بالإشتراك مع سعيد عبد الحفيظ)، القاهرة 2000.
وثائق المتحف المصري، القاهرة 2002.
"لوحتين لتقدمة السخت بالمتحف المصري"، في: مقتنيات أثار مصرية في متاحف حول العالم، دراسات بمناسبة الإحتفال بالذكرى المئوية للمتحف المصري بالقاهرة، القاهرة 2002، المجلد الثاني، 67-75.
أطلس المواقع الأثرية بمحافظات الوجه البحري (بالإشتراك مع فايزة هيكل، وبسمة قورة، وجيهان زكي)، الأجزاء 1-4، القاهرة 2001-2002.
"متحف المكفوفين"، في: مجلة المتحف المصري، العدد الأول، القاهرة 2004، 1-6.
نشأة المتحف المصري وتطوره من 1902-2002م، في: بريزم، عدد 10 (2003)، 48-51.
مدخل إلى علم الأثار ، القاهرة 2007، الطبعة الثانية 2010.
المتاحف المصرية، سلسلة موسوعة الثقافة التاريخية والأثرية والحضارية، التاريخ القديم 13، القاهرة 2007.
آثار ما قبل التاريخ، القاهرة 2008.
منهج البحث في الأثار  المصرية، القاهرة 2009.

Articles in catalogs of special exhibitions
Cat. No. 78, 79 & 105, in: The Quest for Immortality, Treasures of Ancient Egypt, Washington 2002 (in USA).
The Third Intermediate Period (together with Isabelle Franco), in: The Pharaohs, Milano 2002, 69-83 (in Italy).
Prosopa tis Aigyptou apo tin Giza sto Fagioum (together with Mohamed Saleh), Athens 2003 (in Greece).
Cat. Nr. 42-46, in: Tutanchamun, das goldene Jenseits, Basel 2004 (in Switzerland).
Das Ägyptische Museum in Kairo, in: Tutanchamun, das goldene Jenseits, Basel 2004, 17-26 (in Switzerland).

Editor of
Egyptian Museum collections around the World, Studies for the Centennial of the Egyptian Museum, Cairo 2002 (together with Mai Trad).
Bulletin of the Egyptian Museum, Vols. 1-2, Cairo 2004-2005 (together with Zahi Hawass and Khaled Daoud).

References

1961 births
Egyptian educators
Living people
Cairo University alumni
Egyptian archaeologists
Egyptian Egyptologists
Antiquities ministers of Egypt
Egyptian Museum
Academic staff of Ain Shams University
21st-century Egyptian educators
20th-century Egyptian educators
21st-century Egyptian politicians


title: Claudia Geiringer

text:
Claudia Geiringer  (born 1968) is a New Zealand professor of law. In 2022 she was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society Te Apārangi.

Academic career
Geiringer did an LLB at Victoria University of Wellington, a BA (Hons) at the University of Otago and an LL.M. at Columbia Law School in New York City as a Fulbright Scholar, an Ethel Benjamin Scholar and a James Kent Scholar. From 1996 to 2001 Geiringer worked as Crown Counsel in the Bill of Rights team at the Crown Law Office. She received Marsden funding in the 2013 round.

In 2022 Geiringer was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society Te Apārangi. The society said "Geiringer’s multi-award-winning scholarship stands out for its rigour, its elegance, and its high impact. She is the only scholar to have been thrice awarded the Ian Barker award for best published law article. Her work is regularly relied on by judges both in New Zealand and abroad in developing important public law doctrines. In addition, her scholarship has precipitated significant changes, such as to the parliamentary rules governing the use of urgency, and to government policy concerning the award of New Zealand citizenship in humanitarian cases. She is recognised internationally as a leading expert on the New Zealand constitution, as well as on the constitutional protection of human rights in the Anglo-Commonwealth."

Selected works
 Seeing the world whole : essays in honour of Sir Kenneth Keith (ed. with Dean Robert Knight, Victoria University Press, 2008)
 What's the hurry? : urgency in the New Zealand legislative process 1987-2010 (with Elizabeth McLeay and Polly Higbee, Victoria University Press, 2011)
 The Dead Hand of the Bill of Rights? : Is the New Zealand Bill of Rights Act 1990 a Substantive Legal Constraint on Parliament's Power to Legislate?, Otago Law Review, 2005
 On a Road to Nowhere : Implied Declarations of Inconsistency and the New Zealand Bill of Rights Act, Victoria University of Wellington Law Review, 2009
 Historical background to the Muriwhenua Land Claim, 1865–1950, Report for the Waitangi Tribunal, 1992

References

External links
 google scholar
 institutional homepage

20th-century New Zealand lawyers
New Zealand women academics
Victoria University of Wellington alumni
Academic staff of Victoria University of Wellington
University of Otago alumni
Columbia Law School alumni
1968 births
Living people
Place of birth missing (living people)
Recipients of Marsden grants
New Zealand women writers
Weston family (New Zealand)
Fellows of the Royal Society of New Zealand
21st-century New Zealand lawyers


title: Saw Bwe Hmu

text:
Saw Bwe Hmu (; 19 October 1952–24 July 1994) was a co-founder and the band leader of the Burmese band Iron Cross and a well known songwriter. An ethnic Karen Christian, he served as the lead guitarist of the band. Other band members included Chit San Maung (guitar), Khin Maung Thant (bass), Banya Naing (keyboards) and Kha Yan (drums). Lay Phyu, Ah Nge, Myo Gyi and Wyne Wyne were the key singers of that band and R Zarni soon joined the band later. Composers Maung Maung Zaw Latt and L Phyu freed it from its reliance on such popular American bands as Metallica and won it critical acclaim and a wide public. He played the guitar at Success and Symphony music bands before Iron Cross was founded. He composed songs for Kaiser. He was a music critic, writing under the pen name Zar Hlaing.

He died at the age of 39 on 24 July 1994. He was survived by wife and ex-keyboard player Naw Phaw War and 2 daughters, Mi Mi Khe and Kabya Bwe Hmu, both of whom are successful singers.

References

1994 deaths
Burmese musicians
1952 births
People from Sittwe
Burmese Christians
Burmese people of Karen descent


title: Gunjō Biyori

text:
, also known by its English name "Ideal Days for Ultramarine", is the debut single by Japanese rock band Tokyo Jihen, led by musician Ringo Sheena. It was released on September 8, 2004, ten months after Sheena's solo single "Ringo no Uta".

Background and development

Tokyo Jihen was first formed in 2003, after Ringo Sheena decided on members for her backing band for her Sugoroku Ecstasy tour. It had been Sheena's intention to release music in a band since before she debuted in 1998. The band's name was publicised during the tour, however previous tours had featured backing bands with names, such as Gyakutai Glykogen for Gekokujyo Xstasy and Hatsuiku Status.

The band was officially announced as Sheena's main musical unit on May 31, 2004, and first performed at a series of summer music festivals: Meet the World Beat 2004 on July 25, 2004 at the Expo Commemoration Park in Osaka, July 30, 2004 at the Fuji Rock Festival in Niigata, and September 3, 2004 at the Fukuoka Sunset Live festival.

Writing and production

All 17 of the songs for the Kyōiku era were recorded over a period of four days. The song features lyrics by Sheena set to a melody composed by then band pianist H Zetto M. It was one of three songs from Kyōiku to be written in this style, the other two being "Genjitsu ni Oite" and "Service". The single's B-sides include a cover of the 1937 standard "The Lady Is a Tramp", and "Kao", a duet between Sheena and then guitarist Mikio Hirama, who wrote the song's music. Sheena stated that it had been "a dream of sorts" to release music that collaborated with a variety of songwriters. The single's song lengths are all palindromic, much like Sheena's album Kalk Samen Kuri no Hana (2003). Pianist H Zetto M gave Sheena a collection of demos before recording sessions started, and "Gunjō Biyori" was the first song present. Sheena felt as if he had written the song specifically for Sheena, and everything she was experiencing. "Kao" was a song Hirama initially gave Sheena during the Sugoroku Tour, though she felt she could not sing it. Eventually, the idea of singing the song as a duet was created, meaning the song became feasible.

The single package and track list are created in the same pattern as the band's next single "Sōnan". Both releases feature an English language cover of an American song popular in the 1950s, and a B-side with a single kanji title. All song lengths on both singles are palindromic numbers.  Both releases' Japanese catalogue codes are also palindromic: TOCT-4884 and TOCT-4994 respectively. Both singles' covers are from the same photoshoot, both featuring a white gradient.

Promotion and release

The song was used in a commercial campaign for the Sanyo-manufactured au W21SA range of cellphones. Tokyo Jihen performed the song at Count Down TV on November 27, 2004, and at Music Station on the 2004 Christmas special, aired on December 24, 2004.

The song was performed during the band's first four festival appearances in 2004, as well as their Dynamite! (2005), Domestic! Virgin Line (2006), Spa & Treatment (2007), Discovery (2011) and Bon Voyage (2012) tours. The live performance from the Dynamite Out DVD was compiled on the album Tokyo Collection (2012). The live performances at the Dynamite Out and Bon Voyage tours were released as videos to promote their respective DVDs. The B-sides were also performed by the band, "Sono Onna Fushidara ni Tsuki" at their Yamabikari, Meet the World Beat and SunSet Live 2004 festival appearances, as well as at the Domestic! Just Can't Help It (2006) tour, while "Kao" was performed during their Dynamite tour, and in a medley with "Genjitsu ni Oite" during Domestic! Just Can't Help It.

Music video

A music video was filmed for the song, directed by Masaaki Uchino. It links directly into an additional video shot for the B-side "Sono Onna Fushidara ni Tsuki", which were occasionally shown together on music video channels. Both videos were made available on September 8, 2004, on Tokyo Jihen's official website. Tokyo Jihen's next single "Sōnan" also featured a music video for the song's B-side that was a continuation of the leading song's video, also directed by Uchino. It features the members of Tokyo Jihen in on a dark stage, Sheena soaked in water. As they perform the song, spotlights illuminates them. The video for "Sono Onna Fushidara ni Tsuki" is performed on the same set, and features Sheena walking amongst the other band members. The camera angle is reversed, pointing towards the spotlights and the movie cameras.

Director Uchino made the theme of the video a band's first performance, as "Gunjō Biyori" was the debut song for the band. In order to capture a sense of a "real" Sheena, Uchino soaked Sheena in water, to emulate the effect of a musician sweating during a performance.

The video won the Best Group award at the 2005 Space Shower Music Video Awards. It was also nominated for the Best Buzz Asia from Japan award at the 2004 MTV Video Music Awards Japan, however lost to Orange Range's "Locolotion".

Critical reception

Listenmusic reviewer Kiyohiko Koike felt Hiizumi's melody was unlike something Sheena would create herself, however also noted the "profound lyrics based on old timey vocabulary" was a highlight, and still managed to convey Sheena's worldview. He further noted that Sheena felt at ease in the role of a vocalist. CDJournal reviewers felt the song had a slightly different image to what Sheena had in her solo career, noting that listeners could hear the enjoyment Sheena had at being able to play in a band. What's In? reviewers also noted the sense of freedom in the song present in the sound work not seen in Sheena's solo career. Reviewer Yū Onoda called the single "vivid" and the band's sound "thrilling", impressed by the "punkish arrangement" of "The Lady Is a Tramp".

Track listing

Chart rankings

Sales and certifications

Release history

References

2004 songs
2004 singles
Japanese-language songs
Songs used as jingles
Songs written by Ringo Sheena
Tokyo Jihen songs


title: History of the Jews in Oldenburg

text:
The Jewish community of Oldenburg in northwest Germany was established as early as the 14th century. It existed consecutively ever since, except for occasion deportations by the local rulers of the Duchy of Oldenburg and the Holocaust, which annihilated the majority of Jews left in the city in the 1930s. Nevertheless, after the Holocaust, Jewish survivors have returned and resettled in the Oldenburg Jewish community, which nowadays operates actively within the Central Council of Jews in Germany, the fastest growing Jewish community in the world.

History

14th century
The first evidence of Jews in Oldenburg is a documentation of the words "Reuben, the son of R. Jeremiah - may his memory be blessed", on a bronze seal-ring, found in the immediate neighborhood in Oldenburg. In 1334, the city council stopped issuing protection decrees to the town Jews, making them vulnerable to strangers and outsiders. Afterwards, Jews continued to live in Oldenburg under the protection of the duke, although he restricted their economic activities. On 1345, the Jews in Oldenburg were deprived of any kind of trade except for money lending. Though the Jews of the nearby village of Wildeshausen were expelled, there is no evidence of the expulsion of the Oldenburg community during that time.

15th to 18th centuries
Between 1667 and 1773 Denmark ruled the Oldenburg area. During that time, Jews began settling in the city once again, in the encouragement of the Danes. A Jewish family called Goldschmidt settled in town and worked in the selling and trading meat, though only the grandson - Joseph Baruch Goldschmidt succeed in growing the business to be clearly profitable, earning him and his sons letters of protection in Oldenburg.

19th century
27 Jews were living in Oldenburg in 1807, approximately 0.6% of the total 4,692 residents living in Oldenburg at that time, and the amount of the community grew steadily over the next decades, though its percentage always stood at around 1% of the total population. By 1820 the community numbered 80 (1.2%), and 104 in 1855 (0.9%). The number continued to grow into 169 in 1875 (0.9%) until it reached 265 individuals in 1905.

During the century, several buildings and other services were established for the community, including a synagogue, a school and a hired teacher, which was also the cantor and the schochet.

In 1808, the Duchy was the last part of the west-of-the-Rein Napoleon conquered territories that insisted that the Jews will adopt fixed names upon themselves. These names became popular among the region Jews as happened with all Ashkenazi Jews and are the ones popular nowadays among Ashkenazi Jews worldwide. As part of the general Jewish emancipation process in Europe, Oldenburg, which was part of the North German Confederation emancipation the town Jews in 1869.  As a result, many Jews started to open business in different professions, some of them were successful, such as women textile and leather stores H. Wall Heimer and L. Stein Thal, court banker Carl Ballin and his brother pharmacist DR. George Ballin; purveyors Hahlo and his brother Leopold Wilhelm, and Paul and Franz Reiersbach who manufactured bicycles and musical instruments under the company name ML Reyersbach AG.

Oldenburg's first Landrabbiner (chief local rabbi) was Nathan Marcus Adler, who received his PhD in Philosophy in 1823 and was asked to fulfill the seat. After he left Oldenburg, he became the chief Rabbi of the British Empire and one of the most influential orthodox Jews. His house was used as the town synagogue before a building was rented for this purpose years after

20th century
During the World War I several Jews from Oldenburg and nearby towns were killed in the battles. Plaques commemorating their names was placed in the local synagogue. In 1924, the local central office for the Jewish welfare was established, helping members of the community in need. Shortly after, another charity fund was founded under the name Gemilus Chassodim. In addition, a Jewish youth organization and Maccabi sports club branch were active in town, as well as the Israelite Women's association.

An archived news article published on January 14, 1932 in "The Israelite" newspaper depicts an antisemitic incident, as the outer walls of the synagogue were stained in anti-semitic symbols.

In 1933, 279 Jews lived in Oldenburg. Following that years Nazi victory in elections, the Oldenburg community, as many other Jews in Germany, began to decline. A few Jewish businessmen closed their shops in 1933. Adolf de Beer, an owner of a large laundry business with branches also outside the city, closed his business in August 1936.

Kristallnacht
The town synagogue was destroyed during 1938 Kristallnacht as well as the last two Jewish stores which remained open on Kurwickstrasse. Most Jewish men were arrested and sent to the Sachsenhausen concentration camp for a number weeks. Among those sent to Sachsenhausen was also Rabbi Leo Trepp, the last surviving Rabbi who led a community during the Holocaust. During that time he was in charge of 15 synagogues in the area of Oldenburg. As Jews were forbidden to attend the public schools, he got permission to establish a school in the synagogue building in the purpose of educating Jewish boys. Trepp recalled being in Sachsenhausen for 18 days Trepp is an honorary citizen of the city of Oldenburg. Another resident, Henry Hirschberg recalled: "... There were two SA men in the apartment, they were calling on the stairs loudly, police! Police! ... " "... about 40 men were led past the still burning synagogue on November 10. From there we went through the busy shopping streets - such as Haarenstraße, Lange Straße, Schloßplatz and others - to prison. Mob stood everywhere around... " "... school boys who apparently had no school because of Kristallnacht made fun of us". Since 1981 an annual commemoration walk (Erinnerungsgang) has been held by Oldenburg citizens in memory of the deportation of the Oldenburg Jews on November 10, 1938.

Holocaust
By 1939 only 96 Jews were left in Oldenburg, of which 20 were forcibly living in a single in Kurwickstrasse 5. Of the Jews who lived in Oldenburg in 1933, 62 emigrated to the Netherlands, 17 to Palestine (the British Mandate), 36 to the United States or Canada and others to the United Kingdom and South Africa. Some of them did not survive the Holocaust, as do most of these who remained in town.

After the Holocaust and 21st century

After World War II had ended, about 23 Jewish survivors returned to Oldenburg and re-established a small Jewish community. A small prayer room was opened in 1948 on Cäcilienstrasse 9, but the community diminished to only four individuals towards the end of the 1960s, until it dissolved in the end of January 1971. During the 1990s, with immigration of the former USSR Jews to Germany, about 34 Jewish immigrants established a new community in Oldenburg and in 2013 the Jewish community of Oldenburg numbered 315, about as much was in the city before the Holocaust. During the second part of the 1990s, the rabbi of the congregation was Bea Wyler, the first female Rabbi in Germany to officiate a congregation. Nowadays, the congregation rabbi is Alina Treiger.

Places

Synagogue

Though a Jewish congregation had existed in Oldenburg long before the 19th century, the first synagogue was officially opened only on June 6, 1829, in a rented house on Mühlenstraße 5. The foundation stone for a new synagogue on Peter Street number 6 was laid on May 3, 1854 and its inauguration on August 24, 1855. Archived articles from the Allgemeine Zeitung des Judentums and the Israelits newspaper depict the opening of the newer synagogue. In 1904/5 the synagogue was expanded and a new Mikveh was also established.

The synagogue was burnt down by the Nazis during Kristallnacht in 1938. Between 1949 and 1950 the arsonists of the synagogue were tried and were sentenced to periods between nine months to two years. In 1967, a memorial stone was put in the side of the former synagogue building and another one, commemorating the victims of the Nazi regime, was put aside the first stone in 1990.

On March 5, 1995, a new synagogue was opened in the building of a former Baptist chapel, on Wilhelmstrasse 15-17 (later renamed as Leo-Trepp-Straße).

Cemetery
The Jewish community of Oldenburg acquired its own cemetery in 1814 at Ostenburg, which was then a rural suburb of Oldenburg, and the first burial was also held that year. Before 1814, the Jewish community in the city buried its deceased in nearby Varel. The cemetery was used not only by the Jews of Oldenburg but also by those of the nearby Elsfleth, Zwischenahn and Wardenburg. The cemetery was enlarged in 1862, and a wall was built around him a few years later. After his son died on 1918, merchant Leo Trommer built a funeral home at the cemetery commemorating his name. The funeral house was unsuccessfully set on fire on Kristallnacht, though its inventory was burned.

Among those buried in the cemetery are , who served as the community chief Rabbi between 1841 and 1874, and , who served as the Grand Duchy of Oldenburg chief Rabbi at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century.

During World War II, 54 Russian war prisoners were buried in a mass grave in the cemetery area. A memorial stone was put in their honor in 1950. During the years of the war, a small round bunker was built in the cemetery.

Over the years, the synagogue was desecrated a number of times by antisemites. On May 28, 1935, a number of gravestones were overturned and smashed. On 1938 Kristallnacht, the cemetery was unsuccessfully set on fire. The people who conducted the attack were sentenced in 1949 to a period of six months to one year in jail. On November 19, 2011, six gravestones in the cemetery were painted in white in what appears to be an anti-semitic act. One of the men in charge of the desecration was caught and sentenced to two years suspended sentence. On November 24, 2013, the cemetery was once again desecrated, and swastikas were painted on eight gravestones. In addition, the funeral house was also painted with the word "Jew" and other swastikas.

The cemetery stopped conducting burials in 2000, and another Jewish cemetery was opened about 5.5 km from the city center in the district Bümmerstede, Sandkruger Street, 26133 Oldenburg.

Leo Trepp Beth Midrash
The Beth midrash (study house) is a gathering place for the local Jewish community in which lectures and lessons are being taught at a daily basis, such as "Jewish women", "The use of field Rabbis during WWI" and others.

Jewish sunday school
A Sunday school operates on Leo Trepp st. 15–17.

References

Further reading
Werner Meiners: Oldenburg . In: Handbook of Historic Jewish communities in Lower Saxony and Bremen. Volume II, Göttingen 2005, Pages 1172–1196,
Sara Ruth Schumann (ed.): Jewish Community of Oldenburg: 1992-2002 Isensee, Oldenburg 2002.
Ekkehard Seeber (eds.): The new synagogue and the Jewish cultural center, Wilhelmstrasse 17, in Oldenburg (Oldb): Documentation of the official handover by the city of Oldenburg on 5 March 1995 to the Jewish Community of Oldenburg. Isensee, Oldenburg 1995,
John Fritz Töllner (Ed.): Oldenburg . In: The Jewish Cemeteries in the Oldenburg region: taking stock of the resulting grave stones . Holzberg, Oldenburg 1983, page 356–487,

External links
 Oldenburg time table chronologic history
 * Photograph of Kristallnacht Jewish arrests on Yad VaShem website
 The Jewish Community of Oldenburg, The Museum of the Jewish People at Beit Hatfutsot
 A picture of the Oldenburg synagogue after its destruction on 1938.
 Jewish community of Oldenburg website
 Picture taken on 9-10/11/1938 (Kristallnacht) depicting the arrest of the Jews of Oldenburg before sending them to Sachsenhausen concentration camp.
 A German newspaper article to state 50 years after Kristallnacht.
 Memory Transition, a project by Oldenburg citizens commemorating the events of the city Kristallnacht on 1938 (supported by the City council)
 Leo Trepp website

Jews
Oldenburg
Oldenburg
Antisemitism in Germany


title: List of brewing companies in Germany

text:
This is a list of brewing companies in Germany. Beer is a major part of German culture. For many years German beer was brewed in adherence to the Reinheitsgebot order or law which only permitted  water, hops, yeast and malt as beer ingredients. The order also required that beers not exclusively using barley-malts, such as wheat beer, must be top-fermented.

Since 1993, the production of beer has been governed by the Provisional German Beer Law which allows a greater range of ingredients (only in top-fermenting beers) and additives that have to be completely, or at least as much as possible, removed from the final product.

Brewing companies in Germany

  Aktienbrauerei Kaufbeuren
  Aldersbach brewery
  Augustiner Bräu
  Ayinger Brewery
  Bavaria – St. Pauli Brewery
  Beck's Brewery
  Bitburger Brewery
  Brau Holding International

  Brauerei Gebr. Maisel
  Brauerei Friedmann

  Brauerei Paderborner

  Brauhaus am Kreuzberg
  Bürgerliches Brauhaus
  Cölner Hofbräu Früh
  Diebels
  Dinkelacker
  Dortmunder Actien Brauerei

  Eichbaum
  Einbecker Brewery
  Erdinger
  Ernst Barre Private Brewery
  Familienbrauerei Bauhöfer
  Flensburger Brauerei
  G. Schneider & Sohn
  Gaffel Becker & Co

  Ganter Brewery
  Gardelegener Braugesellschaft mbH & Co. KG
  Gröninger
  Hacker-Pschorr Brewery
  Hasseröder
  Heinrich Reissdorf
  Henninger Brewery

  Herrenhäuser Brewery
  Hofbräuhaus
  Holsten Brewery
  Janssen and Bechly Brewery
  Jever Brewery
  Karlsberg
  Klosterbrauerei Andechs

  Kommunbräu Rehau
  König Brauerei
  König Ludwig Schlossbrauerei
  Königsbacher
  Köstritzer
  Krombacher Brauerei

  Kuchlbauer Brewery
  Kulmbacher Brewery
  Licher Privatbrauerei
  Lillebräu
  Lindenbräu
  Löwenbräu
  Maisel Brau Bamberg

  Mönschof
  Neuzeller Kloster Brewery

  Oettinger Beer
  Paulaner Brewery
  Pinkus Müller

  Privatbrauerei Hofmühl

  Radeberger Brewery

  Rothaus
  Schanzenbräu
  Schwaben Bräu
  Spaten-Franziskaner-Bräu
  Stadtbrauerei Spalt
  St. Erhard

  Sternburg
  Stuttgarter Hofbräu
  Tucher Bräu
  Veltins
  Warsteiner
  Weihenstephaner
  Wernesgrüner

Best-selling brands

See also

 Beer and breweries by region
 Beer in Germany
 German beer culture (category)
 Reinheitsgebot – German Beer Purity Order

References

External links

Germany
Lists of companies of Germany
Beer brands of Germany


title: Ron Williams (rugby union)

text:
Ronald Oscar "Ron" Williams (born 20 July 1963) is a former New Zealand rugby union player. A prop, Williams represented North Harbour at a provincial level, and was a member of the New Zealand national side, the All Blacks, in 1988 and 1989. He played 10 tour games for the All Blacks but did not play in any test matches. He later played four tests, including one as captain, for Fiji between 1994 and 1995.

References

1963 births
Living people
Rugby union players from Suva
People educated at Westlake Boys High School
New Zealand rugby union players
New Zealand international rugby union players
Fiji international rugby union players
Rugby union props
North Harbour rugby union players
Auckland rugby union players
Fijian people of British descent
Fijian expatriates in New Zealand


title: Gunupur railway station

text:
Gunupur railway station belongs to East Coast Railway of Waltair division.Maharaja of Paralakhemundi extended Naupada-Paralakhemundi line to Gunupur in 1931 AD. It is located at Gunupur in Rayagada district of  Indian state of Odisha. Established by His highness Maharaja Krushna Chandra Gajapati of Paralakhemundi estate.

History
Parlakimedi Light Railway was a  gauge railway. The Raja of Parlakimedi decided to connect his capital with Naupada which was only 40 km away. With the government giving its sanction in 1898, work began in full. The line was opened to traffic in 1900. This railway line was built at a cost of Rs 700,000. In the starting years, the Parlakhimidi Railway had incurred losses but after 1910, it started making marginal profits and after 1924–25, the profits increased. This motivated the Raja to extend the line to Gunupur in two phases in 1929 and 1931. It was later merged with Bengal Nagpur Railway. The narrow-gauge line was converted to broad gauge in the year 2011.

Railway reorganization
After Indian Independence it was merged with North Eastern Railway. surveys were undertaken for broad gauge conversion in 1950 and again in 1964 and 1967. The foundation stone was finally laid for the Naupada–Gunupur gauge conversion work at Naupada on 27 September 2002. With effect from 1 April 2003 it became a part of the newly formed East Coast Railway. The line was finally closed for gauge conversion on 9 June 2004.

After a long wait, the work was completed and the first train from Gunupur, on broad-gauge line started on 21 August 2011.
Services were restarted on 21 August 2011 with the introduction of Puri–Gunupur Passenger.

Trains
, there are four trains to and from Gunupur. Trains running from Gunupur railway station include:
 58418 Gunupur–Puri PASS Dep-0625 hrs
 58505 Gunupur–Visakhapatnam PASS Dep-1340 hrs
 58428 Gunupur–Palasa PASS Dep-2110 hrs
 18118 GNPR ROU–RAJYARANI EXP (DEP-1515)

References

External links
  Trains at Gunupur
 Orissa: Train service from Parlakhemundi and Puri to Gunupur inaugurated

Railway stations in India opened in 1931
Railway stations on Naupada-Gunupur line
Railway stations in Waltair railway division
Railway stations in Rayagada district


title: Ayşe Sultan (daughter of Abdul Hamid II)

text:
Hamide Ayşe Sultan (, "praised" and "womanly"; also Ayşe Osmanoğlu; 15 November 1887 – 10 August 1960) was an Ottoman princess, the daughter of Sultan Abdul Hamid II and Müşfika Kadın.

Early life and education

Ayşe Sultan was born on 31 October 1887 in the Yıldız Palace. Her father was Sultan Abdul Hamid II, son of Sultan Abdulmejid I and Tirimüjgan Kadın. Her mother was Müşfika Kadın, daughter of Gazi Ağır Mahmud Bey and Emine Hanım. She was the only child of her mother.

Ayşe's education took place in a study room in the Lesser Chancellery of the Yıldız Palace, together with her elder half-sister Şadiye Sultan. Their instructors were the privy secretary Hasib Efendi and the Private Enciphering Secretary Kâmil Efendi. Hasib Efendi would give lessons in the Quran, Arabic, and Persian, while Kâmil Efendi was to teach Turkish reading and writing, Ottoman grammar, arithmetic, history, and geography.

Ayşe took her piano lessons from the hazinedar Dürrüyekta (who later became the wife of her eldest half-brother Şehzade Mehmed Selim). She was herself the student of François Lombardi (1865–1904), who had been hired as instructor to the Imperial Corps of Music and from whom Ayşe also took lessons once a week. She learned how to play the Hamidiye March (the anthem of the Ottoman Empire) and also composed lullabies.

First marriage
Ayşe Sultan was bethrothed to Ahmed Nami Bey, son of Fahri Bey, in 1908 during the last year of her father's reign. However, at the overthrew of her father in 1909, the princess followed her parents into exile at Thessaloniki. The next year she returned to Istanbul.

The marriage took place in June 1910 in the Dolmabahçe Palace, together with her half-sister Refia Sultan. The marriage ceremony was performed by Şeyhülislam Musa Kazım Efendi. The wedding reception took place two months later on 9 August 1910 in the Bebek Palace.

The couple's first child, a son, Sultanzade Ömer Nami Bey was born on 19 November 1911 in the Bebek Palace. He was followed by Aliye Namiye Hanımsultan born on 7 February 1913, who died at the age of two months on 9 April 1913. Before her father's death, Ayşe went to Switzerland, where the couple's third child, a son, Sultanzade Osman Nami Bey was born on 13 January 1918 in Geneva.

Divorce and second marriage
Ayşe Sultan and her husband divorced in 1921, when the princess met Colonel Yarbay Mehmed Ali Bey, son of Rauf Paşah, at a reception at Dolmabahçe Palace. The two fell in love and he left his wife and children to marry her. The first-born son wrote in his memoirs that, upon receiving the news, his mother could not stop crying. They married on 3 April 1921 in the Nişantaşı Palace. The two together had one son, Sultanzade Abdülhamid Rauf Bey born in 1921. At the exile of the imperial family in March 1924, Ayşe, her husband and children settled in Paris, near Versailles. She was widowed at her husband's death in 1937. Ayşe said her husband died because nostalgia. Her mother, on the other hand, chose to remain in Turkey, so that the two did not see one another for some 28 years, until the princess's return from exile in 1952. Because of the Surname Law, she took the name Ayşe Osmanoğlu.

Memoirs
Ayşe Sultan wrote her memoir in Istanbul after her return from exile, completing it by 1955. Ayşe, for large portions of the memoir she relied on the memory of her mother, as the two lived together the princess's return to Turkey. The work originally appeared in the serial format in the Turkish popular magazine Hayat in the late 1950s, followed by its publication as a book in Istanbul in 1960, shortly before the princess's death. The fact that the memoir was written as a magazine serial accounts for its format. She wrote with name Ayşe Osmanoğlu

At its publication, the major attraction of the book lay in the princess's recollections of her famous parent. Recognizing this, she titled her memoir Babam Sultan Abdülhamid (Turkish for "My Father, Sultan Abdul Hamid"). In it she crafted a personal view of Abdul Hamid the man the father, a kind of personal vindication to counteract what she saw as the distorted public image of the controversial ruler whose 33-year reign ended in dethronement and vilification.

Death
Ayşe Sultan died on 10 August 1960 at the Serencebey Yokuşu, at the age of 72, and was buried in the imperial mausoleum at the Yahya Efendi dervish convent, adjacent to Yıldız Palace. Her mother survived her by nearly a year, dying in 1961.

Honours
 Iftikhar Sanayi Medal in Gold, 1897
 Order of the House of Osman
 Order of the Medjidie, Jeweled
 Order of Charity, 1st Class
 Liakat Medal in Gold
 Hicaz Demiryolu Medal in Gold

Issue
From her first marriage, Ayşe Sultan had two sons and a daughter:
 Sultanzade Omer Nami Bey (19 November 1911 - 17 March 1993). Born in Palace Bebek; died in Lausanne. He had two wives and one daughter:
Saadet Said Kamil. She was born on 21 September 1907, daughter of Said Kamil Bey and Fehime Fakhri Hanim. She died in Beirut on 13 August 1974. By her he had one daughter:
 Ayşe Rebia Nami (b. August 3, 1945)
Yolande Saad. They got married on 10 November 1975 in Istanbul.
 Aliye Namiye Hanımsultan (7 February 1913 - 9 April 1913). She died in infancy and was buried in  mausoleum of Şehzade Ahmed Kemaleddin, Yayha Efendi cemetery.
 Sultanzade Osman Nami Bey (13 January 1918 - 15 July 2010). Born in Geneva; died in Istanbul, and was buried in the mausoleum of Mahmud II;. He married twice and had five daughters:
Adile Tanyeri. They married on 18 January 1946 and she died on 8 August 1958 in Tunis. By her he had two daughters:
Mediha Şükriye Nami Osmanoğlu (b.24 May 1947). She has one daughter:
Ayşe Marie-Christine Nami-Conopio (b. 16 July 1969)
Fethiye Nimet Nami Osmanoğlu (b. 21 March 1957).
Rothraud Granzow. Born 9 April 1934 to Hoya Vesser, they married July 18, 1959. By her he had three daughters:
Ayşe Adile Nami Osmanoğlu (b. 6 August 1958). She has one son and one daughter:
Osman Necati Ferhat Ariba (b. 31 January 1980)
Ayşe Feyzan Ariba (b. 9 September 1983)
Gül Nür Dorothée Nami Osmanoğlu (b. 10 January 1960). She has one son and two daughters:
Hanzade Audrey Nami-Ragot (b. 4 February 1988)
Ayzade Maylis Nami-Ragot (b. 16 June 1991)
 Aléxis Cem Nami-Ragot (b. 11 March 1993)
Ayten Sofia Nami Osmanoğlu (b. 24 March 1961). She has one daughter:
Refia Roksan Kunter (b. 8 October 1984)

From her second marriage, Ayşe Sultan had one son:
 Sultanzade Abdülhamid Rauf Bey (October 1921 - March 11, 1981). Buried in Yayha Efendi Cemetery.

In popular culture
In the 2002 film Abdülhamid Düşerken, Ayşe Sultan is portrayed by Turkish actress Selin Demiratar.
In the 2011 TV series Kirli Oyunlar, Ayşe Sultan is portrayed by Turkish actress Sıla Çetindağ.

See also
 List of Ottoman princesses

Ancestry

References

Sources

External links
Biography of Hamide Ayşe Sultan

Ayse
1887 births
1960 deaths
People from the Ottoman Empire of Abkhazian descent


title: F.C. Kafr Qasim

text:
F.C. Kafr Qasim (, , Moadon Sport Kafr Qasim, ; or in short , Mem Samekh Kafr Qasim, ) is an Israeli football club based in Kafr Qasim. The club currently plays in Liga Leumit, they play home matches at the Lod Municipal Stadium in Lod.

History
The club was formed in 2002 by a merger of two city rivals from Kafr Qasim, Hapoel Kafr Qasim and Maccabi Kafr Qasim. In the new club's first season, they won the 2002–03 Liga Bet South A division, and were promoted to Liga Alef, where they spent three seasons, up until relegation in the 2005–06 season.

In the 2012–13 season, the club finished runners-up in Liga Bet South A division and qualified to the promotion play-offs. After four successful promotion play-offs matches against F.C. Bnei Jaffa Ortodoxim, Hapoel Bik'at HaYarden, F.C. Shikun HaMizrah and Hapoel Arad, the club won promotion to Liga Alef, exactly ten years after they did so in the previous time.

Kafr Qasim finished the 2013–14 season in Liga Alef South in the sixth place, four points short of the promotion play-offs.

In the two consecutive seasons 2015-2016 and 2016-2017 in Liga Alef FC. Kafr Qasim reached the Final game of the Promotion playoffs to the Liga Leumit against 14th Place sides from Liga Leumit, but failed to win promotion in both cases.

They were promoted to the second division Liga Leumit in 2019 automatically from 1st place of Liga Alef South.

Stadium
During the second decade of the twentieth century the club played in different stadiums like Lod Municipal Stadium and Winter Stadium.

These days, Kfar Qassem Football Stadium undergoing renovations and will contain 8,000 seats.

Current squad
 As to 13 September 2023

Honours

League

1Achieved by Hapoel Kafr Qasim

External links
Kafr Qasim Sport Club Israel Football Association

References

Football clubs in Israel
Association football clubs established in 2002
2002 establishments in Israel
Arab-Israeli football clubs


title: Karl Löb

text:
Karl Löb (1910–1983) was an Austrian-born cinematographer. He worked on over ninety films in Austria and Germany including the 1953 comedy Miss Casanova. Löb was born to an ethnically German family in the Czech part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, but emigrated to Berlin following the Empire's dissolution.

Selected filmography
 The Spanish Fly (1931)
 Signal in the Night (1937)
 After Midnight (1938)
 The Leghorn Hat (1939)
 Torreani (1951)
 The Prince of Pappenheim (1952)
 The Rose of Stamboul (1953)
 The Cousin from Nowhere (1953)
 Clivia (1954)
 The Great Lola (1954)
 The Faithful Hussar (1954)
 Consul Strotthoff (1954)
 The Country Schoolmaster (1954)
 Ball at the Savoy (1955)
 Love, Dance and a Thousand Songs (1955)
 Music in the Blood (1955)
 Before God and Man (1955)
 The First Day of Spring (1956)
 The Beautiful Master (1956)
 Just Once a Great Lady (1957)
 Precocious Youth (1957)
 Munchhausen in Africa (1958)
 The Star of Santa Clara (1958)
 And That on Monday Morning (1959)
 What a Woman Dreams of in Springtime (1959)
 The Thousand Eyes of Dr. Mabuse (1960)
 Yes, Women are Dangerous (1960)
 The Dead Eyes of London (1961)
 The Return of Doctor Mabuse (1961)
 Our House in Cameroon (1961)
 The Inn on the River (1962)
 The Door with Seven Locks (1962)
 The Thousand Eyes of Dr. Mabuse (1962)
 The Indian Scarf (1963)
 Our Crazy Nieces (1963)
 The Last Ride to Santa Cruz (1964)
 Our Crazy Aunts in the South Seas (1964)
 Der Hexer (1964)
 Long Legs, Long Fingers (1966)
 Winnetou and Old Firehand (1966)
 The Hunchback of Soho (1966)
 The Monk with the Whip (1967)
 The Gorilla of Soho (1968)
 The Hound of Blackwood Castle (1968)
 The Man with the Glass Eye (1969)
 How Did a Nice Girl Like You Get Into This Business? (1970)
 What Is the Matter with Willi? (1970)
 Under the Roofs of St. Pauli (1970)
 Our Willi Is the Best (1971)
 The Body in the Thames (1971)
 Willi Manages The Whole Thing (1972)
 The Heath Is Green (1972)

References

Bibliography
 Fritsche, Maria. Homemade Men In Postwar Austrian Cinema: Nationhood, Genre and Masculinity . Berghahn Books, 2013.

External links

1910 births
1983 deaths
German cinematographers
People from Teplice


title: Waves (band)

text:
Waves was a New Zealand folk rock band that recorded a top-selling self-titled album in 1975 before disbanding in 1977. Its lineup emerged from an acoustic trio, Rosewood, which originally included Geoff Chunn, who later joined Split Enz. Despite making only sporadic live appearances—one of which was a double billing shared with Split Enz—their singles gained major airplay on Auckland radio and the Waves album reached No.7 on the New Zealand album charts, later becoming a sought-after collector's item.

In 1976 the band recorded a second album that was rejected by their record company, which later erased the tapes. Dejected, the band split up in September 1977. A surviving rough mix of the second album was released in 2013 as Misfit, a bonus disc with the first official CD release of Waves.

A co-founder of the band, Graeme Gash, released a solo album, After the Carnival, in 1981.

Waves reformed in 2013 for a record store performance in Auckland and announced they were writing songs for a further album.

History

In the early 1970s Auckland Technical Institute art and design students Graeme Gash and Kevin Wildman formed Rosewood, an acoustic folk-pop trio, with Geoff Chunn, gigging regularly at an Auckand venue and also at the 1973 Ngaruawahia Music Festival. Rosewood disbanded when Chunn left in April 1973 to join Split Enz as drummer.

Gash and Wildman continued to meet to play guitar and work on their vocal harmonies, mixing with other Auckland musicians at the Parnell Rd home of Geoff and Mike Chunn. Gash recalled: "One day David Marshall crashed our jam; we were gobsmacked. He was great. We snapped him up. Michael Matthew was hanging out with a bunch of musos we knew, and we cajoled him into accompanying us on the bashwalk to glory."

Adopting the name Waves, the band—with Gash, Wildman and Marshall on guitar and Matthew on bass—played at folk clubs, cafes and eventually at Auckland Town Hall, His Majesty's Theatre, the Maidment and the Mercury, playing soft rock and singing four-part harmonies. They avoided the pub circuit, as Gash explained: "They wanted something to drink to, not think to. So we needed venues where the intricacies of our music would be heard." The band had three writers, with each member excelling at singing or guitar-playing. Gash said the band felt proud playing original New Zealand songs. "Back then it wasn't particularly popular to front up and play all your own music. People tended to get a little bored with that."

With continued performances, the band sensed a building excitement and air of anticipation. "Split Enz had embedded themselves into the national psyche, or at least the leading edge of it," Gash said. "Hot Licks was championing a lot of local work. Radio stations like Hauraki were into doing their bit for the locals as well. Hauraki were great in those days; they used to do Buck-a-Head concerts. Big venue, one dollar for two bands."

Waves album

In 1975 Roger Jarrett, the editor of local music magazine Hot Licks, introduced the band to Kerry Thomas and Guy Morris, co-owners of the magazine and Direction Records, a retail chain and independent record label. On 7 July 1975 the band began a five-day recording session for their debut album at Stebbing Studios in Jervois Rd, Ponsonby, across the road from the eight-bedroom colonial villa where Waves members lived. Gash recalled: "Before walking through the front door of Stebbings, we’d prepared, done a lot of practice and a lot of live work with the material, so we knew it back to front. Let’s face it, we’d been living across the road getting ourselves ready for this moment for about a year."

Thomas arranged expatriate New Zealand producer Peter Dawkins, then living in Sydney, to return to Auckland to produce the album. Gash said: "Dawkins had five days, and he marshalled us through the procedures in a most efficient fashion. That was his job, and he did it well. He was tough though: one of our friends wasn’t cutting it quickly enough with his solo, and Peter made me go into the studio and fire him on the spot. We freely availed ourselves of notable contributors. Some—Mike Chunn, Mike Caen, Roy Mason—were personal friends; others—Vic Williams, Murray Grindlay, Mike Harvey, Paul Lee—were introduced to us in the studio." He told The New Zealand Herald: "We were in a world we had dreamed of being in. It was a mix of excitement and terror."

At the end of the week, Dawkins flew back to Sydney with the finished tapes to mix them. "No doubt, in his world this was standard procedure," Gash said. "However what it did was disengage us from the process. When the mixes came back to Auckland, we didn’t understand them. They were not the way we heard ourselves. We voiced our desire to remix the album. Almost miraculously, Kerry Thomas agreed, and gained my gratitude forever. We kept Peter’s mixes of "Waterlady Song" and "Arrow"; the rest the band remixed at Stebbing's with (engineer) Phil Yule, and that is what appeared on the album."

The album was released in October 1975, reached No.7 on the album charts and became one of the best-selling albums by New Zealand artists of the 1970s. Three singles were released—"The Dolphin Song"/"Letters", "Arrow"/Clock House Shuffle" and "At the Beach"/Waitress".

Follow-up and breakup

The success of Waves attracted the attention of major record labels and in 1976 the band—now with a drummer, Rex Carter, and new bassist Michael Mason, who replaced Michael Matthew—entered Mandrill Studios in Parnell to record their second album for WEA Records. Some of the songs followed the folk-rock style of the debut album, while on others the band began to explore a new direction with electric guitars.

Gash said: "We were producing it ourselves, and it was all ourselves; unlike the first album, there were no guest performances. The rhythm section was jelling nicely, the songs and the playing seemed a step up and we felt much more relaxed and in control of the process than we had previously. Things were looking pretty good." But with just a few solo overdubs to complete and on the verge of mixing, the band was told that label boss Tim Murdoch didn't like what they had done and had ordered that the multi-track tapes should be recorded over.

Studio boss Dave Hurley allowed the band to copy a rough mix of the tapes before it was wiped. "That is the only record we have of our endeavours, an entire album’s worth of work," Gash told NZ Musician magazine. "We had worked hard. It deserved better. Maybe we just weren’t tough enough; certainly, after a few good blows to the head you start to wonder what it’s all for. The second album being wiped just prior to the mix broke our hearts."

In July 1977 the band recorded one last song, "Vegas", at Mascot Studios and delivered it to Murdoch. "It was some of our best playing," Gash said. "Almost unbelievably, the plug was once again pulled just prior to mixing."

In 1981 Gash produced a solo album, After the Carnival, while Marshall became a member of Lip Service in 1980 and Martial Law in 1984.

2013 revival

The band reformed in 2003 for a one-off gig at the St James Theatre in a lineup that included Dave Dobbyn, Don McGlashan, Anika Moa, Liam Finn and Martin Phillipps. In 2012 the band was contacted by Roger Marbeck of Ode Records and music enthusiast and archivist Grant Gillanders to reissue the 1975 Waves album—by then a collectors' item fetching high prices—on CD and vinyl for Record Store Day in April, with the release launched by a live performance at the Real Groovy record store in Auckland. Neither Marbeck nor Gillanders was aware a second album also existed, albeit in a rudimentary form and decided to re-release them both as a double CD. "I think it was the idea of getting that out of the shadows and into the light that swung the deal for me," Gash said.

As planning began, it was discovered the original master tapes for the Waves album had vanished with the collapse in the 1970s of Direction Records. "It came down to the small number of unplayed vinyls I had stashed away under the bed for the last 38 years," Gash said. "They were old, but mint, and I took them to Stebbings, where we ran them on a very high-end turntable and transferred it all to digital files. It worked superbly. We then mastered it there for vinyl with Steve McGough, pulling in the original engineer, Phil Yule, to listen as well. I then redid all the cover art and designed a new insert for photos and info, Kevin did a take on the original Direction label, and we sent it all off for cutting, pressing and packaging to United Record Pressing in Nashville." He said: "It actually sounds good, if not better, than the original."

For the previously unreleased 1976 album, McGough also took the single tape that existed of the unmixed recordings and transferred it to digital, while Marbeck succeeded in locating the multi-track tapes of "Vegas", the final song Waves recorded. Gash said: "They are the only multi-tracks we have of any of our material, and therefore the only song we had the opportunity to do an actual mix on. And so, we have 'Vegas', recorded July 1977, mixed January 2013. We had to bake the tape at Stebbings prior to running it, but we retrieved everything. We then took those files to York St Studios in Parnell, where we mixed 'Vegas' with engineer Hayden Taylor and mastered the Mandrill sessions. I would have loved to have mixed them as well, but with the multi-tracks destroyed back in 1976, that was not an option."

The end result was the Waves album, remastered for both vinyl and CD, plus a bonus disc, Misfit, containing nine of the original 12 songs of the previously unheard second album. Five hundred copies of the vinyl album were pressed and 1000 copies of the double CD package. The band played at Real Groovy and signed copies of the new releases. Gash said: "We started rehearsing every weekend and working it back up. But it was lovely because people had come from all over the place to see us. Most of them were old, but not all of them. Some came up clutching their original Waves album, but then some of them also bought the new vinyl. Some we had to sign both, and some came up with After the Carnival. There was a flurry of doing interviews, stuff which I hadn't thought about for decades. It was exhausting but interesting. We were amazed at where the fans were: this radio programmer still had the T-shirts, that television producer wanted us to do the show because he was a massive fan. We were amazed at the level of interest and didn't expect it."

The band announced they were rehearsing and writing again for a new Waves album. Gash said: "I'm very conscious it's very hard to beat the old songs that people will love. You tend to disappoint people with your follow-up stuff, but having said that I think what we are doing now is better. It is just as song-based so it's not like it's gone somewhere else, but as songs there is some really strong material there.

"Kevin Wildman—who really only managed to put a stake in the ground twice, but they were spectacular songs—is now spinning them out practically one a week and there are some gems. So he has prompted me and David (Marshall) to try harder because we can't let them get away with that. It's always been a band with three writers."

Discography

Albums
 Waves (Direction, 1975)
 Waves /Misfit (remastered) (Ode, 2013)

Singles
"The Dolphin Song"/"Letters" (Direction, 1975)
"Arrow"/Clock House Shuffle" (Direction, 1975)
"At the Beach"/Waitress" (Direction, 1975)

References

New Zealand rock music groups
Musical groups established in 1974
Musical groups disestablished in 1977


title: Sabine Thalbach

text:
Sabine Thalbach (actually Sabine Joachim genannt Thalbach; 4 August 1932 – 30 September 1966) was a German actress who appeared in many East German films. She was married to the director Benno Besson, and was the mother of the actress Katharina Thalbach.

Selected filmography
 The Kaiser's Lackey (1951)
 Don't Forget My Little Traudel (1957)

References

External links

1932 births
1966 deaths
Actresses from Berlin
German film actresses
20th-century German actresses


title: The Cossack and the Nightingale

text:
The Cossack and the Nightingale (German: Der Kosak und die Nachtigall) is a 1935 Austrian romantic thriller film directed by Phil Jutzi and starring Jarmila Novotna, Iván Petrovich and Gerda Maurus. The film's art direction was by Julius von Borsody.

Cast
 Jarmila Novotna as Vera Starschenska, Sängerin
 Iván Petrovich as Gregor Ogolenski
 Gerda Maurus as Sonja Lubinskaja, called 'B27'
 Rudolf Klein-Rogge as Dschahid-Bey, Tabakgroßhändler
 Herbert Hübner as Dr. Frederik Hammersvelt
 Siegfried Schürenberg as Herr von Tremoliere
 Erich Fiedler as Stanley Shrimp, Maler
 Alexa von Porembsky as Nina, Vera's Maid
 Rudolf Carl as Andruschna, Diener bei Ogolenski
 Fritz Imhoff as Kienhäusl, Veras Impresario
 Franz Schafheitlin as R 12
 Mihail Xantho as Dschahid Beys Sekretär

References

Bibliography
 Bock, Hans-Michael & Bergfelder, Tim. The Concise CineGraph. Encyclopedia of German Cinema. Berghahn Books, 2009.

External links

1935 films
1930s spy films
1930s thriller films
Austrian thriller films
Austrian musical films
1930s German-language films
Films directed by Phil Jutzi
Films set in Egypt
Films based on Austrian novels
Universal Pictures films
Austrian black-and-white films
Austrian romantic musical films
1930s romantic musical films


title: Liga das Mulheres Republicanas

text:
The Liga das Mulheres Republicanas (English: Republican Women's League) was a Portuguese feminist organisation founded in 1909 by Ana de Castro Osório and Adelaide Cabete. It split in 1912 after the refusal of the government to pass a law enabling women to vote. Cabete subsequently started the Conselho Nacional das Mulheres Portuguesas.

References

Feminist organisations in Portugal
Women's suffrage in Portugal


title: Hello Internet

text:
Hello Internet is an audio podcast hosted by educational YouTube content creators Brady Haran and CGP Grey. The podcast debuted in 2014 and released 136 numbered episodes and 18 unnumbered episodes until February 2020, when the last episode was published. The podcast is currently indefinitely suspended and inactive. Listeners of the podcast are known as "Tims". The episodes of the podcast are usually about the interests of the creators and the differences between the hosts' lifestyles.

Content

The podcast features discussions pertaining to their lives as professional creators for YouTube, the content of their most recent videos as well as their interests and annoyances. Typical topics include YouTube, technology etiquette, books, movie and TV show reviews, plane accidents, vexillology, futurology, and the differences between Haran and Grey's personalities and lifestyles.

History

The podcast debuted in January 2014. That year it reached the #1 iTunes podcast in the United Kingdom. It was also selected as one of Apple's best emerging new podcasts of 2014.

In 2015, Brady Haran was credited with re-introducing the word "freebooting" during a podcast episode (episode 5, "Freebooting", released in 2014) to describe copyright infringement via re-hosting videos on platforms such as Facebook, a practice typically undertaken to profit from advertisements alongside the content. Facebook has since adopted tools to address this.

The Guardian included the podcast among its 50 best of 2016, naming episode 66 ("A Classic Episode") its episode of the year; the paper described the podcast as having "in-depth debates and banter that is actually amusing".

Beginning with episode 123 ("Pop Quiz"), after-show episodes titled Goodbye Internet were released as companion podcasts with the main episodes, exclusive for Patreon supporters of the "Goodbye Internet" tier.

The podcast has been inactive since 28 February 2020, when episode 136 was released. On 18 May 2020, Haran said on Reddit that they were taking a break.

Episodes
 the most recent episode of Hello Internet is numbered 136. However, there are only 133 normal numbered episodes of Hello Internet as the numbering sometimes, although inconsistently, skips a number to accommodate the inclusion of one or more special unnumbered episodes, of which there are 18. These specials include one bonus episode, three Christmas specials discussing Star Wars movies, twelve episodes released during the end of 2018 as the "12 Days of Christmas," and two episodes that were not released digitally. The two non-digitally released episodes are available exclusively on physical media, the first on a vinyl record and the second on a wax cylinder.

The first 10 episodes (1–10) of Hello Internet were referred to as season 1, and the second 10 episodes (11–20) were referred to as season 2. Episode 21 was referred to as the first episode of season 3, and at the beginning of Episode 29, Episode 30 was referred to as the season finale of season 3 and Episode 31 was referred to as being in the 4th season, but the topic of seasons relating to the podcast was not discussed again until one hour into Episode 115, "Pink Flamingo."

See also
 Cortex
 The Unmade Podcast
 The Numberphile Podcast

References

External links

2014 podcast debuts
Audio podcasts
Comedy podcasts


title: A-Company Filmed Entertainment

text:
A Company Filmed Entertainment (commonly known as A Company) is an independent film and video content provider for Central and Eastern Europe, CIS and Vietnam.  A Company distributes theatrical, home entertainment and television productions as well as Video-On-Demand.

A Company does its own distribution in Russia and Vietnam, and works through subsidiaries and distribution partners in several other countries. The company has a library of about 750 titles, including the Saw franchise, I, Frankenstein,  Shutter Island, Cloud Atlas, The Little Prince, Sin City: A Dame to Kill For, The King's Speech, The Hurt Locker, and The Reader.

The company acquires film rights from independent studios, sales agents and production companies mainly in the US and Western Europe, and also carries local productions in its main operating areas.

History
A Company Filmed Entertainment was founded by Alexander van Dülmen and five other shareholders in 2002 as A Company Consulting & Licensing. For many years A Company worked with local distributors in a number of countries. In 2008 it acquired a stake in Hungarian VOD-distributor Filmklik.

A Company's subsidiary Filmproduktionsgesellschaft was founded in June 2009 by Alexander van Dülmen, and  participates as co-producer in German and International productions. Soon after, A Company set up its own distribution business. At the end of 2009 Alexander Rodnyansky acquired a majority share. In 2010 A Company acquired the majority share of Hungary's independent distributor Budapest Film, which since 2013 is operating under the name A Company Hungary.  In 2011 EEAP Film Distribution CZ-SK was launched in Prague, to handle theatrical business in Czech Republic and Slovakia; the company's name was changed to A Company Czech in January 2014.

The main company was renamed A Company Filmed Entertainment in 2012 to reflect the expansion of the company. It operated in conjunction with Alexander Rodnyansky's AR Films.

In June 2012 a Russian distribution company, A Company Russia, was founded, and worked together with 20th Century Fox Russia to release Cloud Atlas in November 2012, generating about US$16 million box office. This film was also the first title to be released through A-Company Vietnam, a joint-venture between A-Company Filmed Entertainment and Nhiem van Nguyen, the former General Director of the Coloa Studio.

The company's subsidiary licensing arm Eastern European Acquisition Pool GmbH (EEAP) was renamed in 2013 to A-Company Film Licensing International.

In 2014, Rodnyansky was the chairman and majority shareholder of A Company. At that time, A-Company distribution companies were operating in Hungary, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Russia and Vietnam.

In 2015, after political instability in Ukraine and a financial downturn in Russia, the company became insolvent, and went through a period of debt restructuring.  In 2016, A-Company was once more distributing films, including the comedy Kills on Wheels, which premiered at the Karlovy Vary International Film Festival.

Film production
A Company also produces content through A Company Filmproduktionsgesellschaft. The projects are intended for distribution in Central and Eastern Europe and CIS.

Production overview:
2012: Cloud Atlas, directed by The Wachowskis and Tom Tykwer
2012: Measuring the World, directed by Detlev Buck
2013: Run Boy Run, directed by Pepe Danquart
2014: Madame Bovary, directed by Sophie Barthes
2015: Antalyagrad, in development
2016: Katharina The Great, in development

On-Demand
Through A-Company On-Demand, A-Company has alliances with VOD players in the local markets, including Russia's  Rostelecom.  A-Company is also collaborating with iTunes, Google Play and Microsoft Xbox.

References

External links
official webseite A-Company Filmed Entertainment
official webseite A-Company Hungary, imdb
official webseite A-Company Czech, imdb
official webseite A-Company Russia, imdb

Film distributors of Germany
Film production companies of Germany


title: Miles Barne

text:
Miles Barne may refer to:

 Miles Barne (theologian) (), English theologian, Fellow of Peterhouse, Cambridge, member of the Chapel Royal, non-juror after the Glorious Revolution
 Miles Barne (politician born 1718) (1718–1780), MP for Dunwich 1747–54 and 1762–77
 Miles Barne (politician born 1746) (1746–1825), MP for Dunwich 1791–96

See also
 Barne


title: Haus der Deutschen Weinstraße

text:
The Haus der Deutschen Weinstraße ("House of the German Wine Route") has since 1995 marked the northern end of the German Wine Route at Bockenheim. In this respect it is a belated balancing feature for the German Wine Gate, 85 kilometers (53 miles) to the south which has marked the southern end of the German Wine Route at Schweigen since 1936.

Apart from its unusual architecture and its position at the end of the German Wine Route, its most obvious feature is a large restaurant, much of which is built out over the road that previously divided Großbockenheim from Kleinbockenheim.

Geography
The Haus der Deutschen Weinstraße was built between  and  , two municipalities which were administratively independent until 1956 when they were officially merged as part of a local government boundary reform.   The eastern wing of the building is in effect a bridge over  (Local Road 271).

The Haus der Deutschen Weinstraße is positioned very close to several social and cultural amenities including the Bockenheim show ground, a sports ground and a community centre.

The Building
The building's architecture incorporates conscious echoes of a Roman  castra (fortification).   The visible parts of it are predominantly of timber construction, and the supporting entablature is partially exposed.

In addition to a 120 seat restaurant, the building has several meeting rooms available.  A showpiece is the Turmzimmer ("Tower Room") at the top which offers views over the local vineyards and towards the Haardt Mountains beyond. The restaurant opens on to a terrace which is set by the side of a lake which has been created on the site of a pond/wetland area..

References

Buildings and structures in Bad Dürkheim (district)
Wine regions of Germany
1995 establishments in Germany
Tourist attractions in Rhineland-Palatinate
Anterior Palatinate


title: Hisseine Abana

text:
Hisseine Abana (born 25 June 1983) is a former Chadian professional football player. He made 15 appearances for the Chad national football team.

Career
Abana started his career in Chadian club Renaissance. He later moved to France, and played for FC Petit Bard in Montpellier.

Abana made his first appearance for the Chad on 25 September 1997, in a match against Bahrain, in a friendly international football tournament  held in Tripoli, Libya. He scored his first goal for the national team against Congo on 2 August 1998. He scored his other 2 goals on UNIFAC Cup in 1999 in Gabon. He played 15 matches total for the national team.

See also
 List of Chad international footballers

References

External links

1983 births
Living people
Chadian men's footballers
Chad men's international footballers
Men's association football forwards
Footballers from N'Djamena


title: The Cousin from Nowhere

text:
The Cousin from Nowhere (German:Der Vetter aus Dingsda) may refer to:

 The Cousin from Nowhere (operetta), a 1921 work composed by Eduard Künneke
 The Cousin from Nowhere (1934 film), a film adaptation directed by Georg Zoch
 The Cousin from Nowhere (1953 film), a film adaptation directed by Karl Anton


title: Cinema of Cape Verde

text:
The history of the cinema of Cape Verde dates back to the arrival of filmmakers in the early twentieth century. The first picture house was established in Mindelo around 1922, called Eden Park.

The nation has two film festivals, the Cabo Verde International Film Festival (CVIFF), which takes place each year on the island of Sal with its first edition held in 2010. The Praia International Film Festival Cinema do Plateau on the island of Santiago with its first edition took place in 2014. The award-winning filmmaker, cinematographer, film editor, and digital media arts instructor, Guenny K. Pires, founded the PIFF. He is the first native-born Cape Verdean to write, direct, and produce documentary and narrative films about Cape Verde. Mr. Pires, a visionary filmmaker, has a mission to bring the history and culture of his native country to the world's attention. In 2005, he moved to Los Angeles, where he founded Txan Film Productions & Visual Arts, a four-member production company that produces documentaries, docudramas, fiction films, and educational materials.

Films
Os Flagelados do Vento Leste (1987)
Down to Earth (1995) - a drama film, directed by Pedro Costa
The Island of Contenda (1995) - drama film
Napomuceno's Will (1997)
Fintar o Destino (1998) - sports film
My Voice (Nha Fala) (2002)
The Journey of Cape Verde (2004)
Some Kind of Funny Porto Rican?': A Cape Verdean American Story (2006)
Batuque, the Soul of a People (2006) - a film about the music and dance genre of batuque
Santo Antão - Paisagem & Melodia (2006) [English: Santo Antão: Countryside & Songs, Capeverdean Creole: Santu Anton: Paisajen & Meludia]
Cabo Verde na cretcheu [ALUPEK: Kabuberdi na kretxeu] - a theatrical film
A Ilha dos Escravos (The Island of Slaves) (2008)
A menina dos olho grandes (2010)
Contract https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GyM-aFL6x00 (2010)
Picture the Leviathan (2012)
Momento: Pupkulies & Rebecca Play Cabo Verde (2013) - set in the island of Maio
Another Land: Homage to John Ford (2013)
Buska Santu (2016) - short film
Coração Atlântico (Atlantic Heart) (2016) - dramatic feature film http://www.atlanticheart.com
Hora do Bai (2017) - short film
Sukuru (2017)
The Volcano's Last Wish (2020) - short/feature directed by Guenny K. Pires

Documentaries
Fogo, îl de feu (1979)
Un carnaval dans le Sahel (1979)
Morna Blues (1996) - directed by Anaïs Porsaïc and Éric Mulet
Amílcar Cabral (2001) - a short documentary film
The Music Cape (2004) - about the Baía das Gatas Music Festival
The Journey of Cape Verde (2004) directed by Guenny K. Pires https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R6-yKMs_Hdc
Arquitecto e a Cidade Velha [Architecture of Cidade Velha] (2007) - directed by Catarina Alves Costa
Mindelo: Traz d'horizonte (2008) [Portuguese: Mindelo: Tras de horizonte]
Cabo Verde Inside (2009) - an autobiographical documentary film
Kontinuasom (2009) - [English: Kontinuasom, Portuguese: Kontinuasom]
Carta d'Holanda (2010)
Bitú (2010) - about a Mindelo native painter, filmed in 2006
2010 Mindelo Carnival (Carnaval de Mindelo 2010, actually as Carnaval do Mindelo 2010) - about the carnival in Mindelo that happened in 2010
Cabralista (Amílcar-Cabralian) (2011)
Kolá San Jon (2011) about the festival of Saint John the Baptist (São João) - released in June
Proud to Be Cape Verdean: A Look at Cape Verdeans in the Golden State (2012)
Shouting: Tierra (2013) - a poetic documentary film about the intersection of the Atlantic
Tão longe é aqui (2013) [Capeverdean Creole: Tan longi é aki]
Tututa (2013)
 Terra Terra (2014) directed by Paola Zerman on music and carnival of Cape Verde
Firmeza (2018) directed by Paola Zerman, on hip hop of Mindelo
Contract (2010) directed by Guenny K. Pires
In Search of my Identity (2012) directed by Guenny K. Pires
The Volcano's Last Wish (2020) directed by Guenny K. Pires
 The Prince of Fogo, feature for children, directed by Inge Tenvik.

See also
 Media of Cape Verde

References

Further reading
Claire Andrade-Watkins, "Le cinéma et la culture au Cap Vert et en Guinée-Bissau", Cinémas africains, une oasis dans le désert ? (African Cinema, an Oasis by the Desert), Condé-sur-Noireau, Corlet/Télérama, 2003, p. 148-151, Collection CinémAction, no. 106

External links
History of Cinema in Cape Verde
Capeverdean films at the Internet Movie Database


title: The Cousin from Nowhere (1934 film)

text:
The Cousin from Nowhere () is a 1934 German operetta film directed by Georg Zoch and starring Lien Deyers, Lizzi Holzschuh and Walter von Lennep. It is based on the 1921 operetta The Cousin from Nowhere composed by Eduard Künneke. It was later turned into a 1953 film of the same title.

Plot
In this operetta adaptation, a young woman waits for her lover in India, while her impatient uncle wants to marry her off without further ado to a rich merchant.

Cast
Lien Deyers as Julia
Lizzi Holzschuh as Hannchen
Walter von Lennep as Hans
Rudolf Platte as August
Paul Heidemann as Wildenhagen
Jakob Tiedtke as Onkel Emil
Werner Finck as Der Diener Franz
Hilde Hofer-Pittschau as Die Tante
Ernst Behmer
Max Wilmsen
Luise Morland
Otto Sauter-Sarto
Curt Max Richter
Hans Steinberg
Eleonore Tappert

References

External links

German musical films
1934 musical films
Operetta films
Films based on operettas
Films directed by Georg Zoch
Films of Nazi Germany
Tobis Film films
German black-and-white films
Films scored by Eduard Künneke
1930s German films
1930s German-language films


title: Valérie Bénaïm

text:
Valerie Benaim (; ; born 30 August 1969) is a Moroccan-born French journalist, columnist, writer, TV Presenter and radio host.

Personal life
She was born in Casablanca, Morocco.

In 2012, she joined the team of the TV show Touche pas à mon poste! with Cyril Hanouna.

In 2015, Valerie Benaim was elected 2nd Favourite columnist with 37% of the way in a TV poll, behind Anne-Élisabeth Lemoine.

In 2016, she became the godmother of the association "Juste Humain".

Television

Radio

Bibliography

Theater

References

External links

1969 births
Living people
Mass media people from Casablanca
French television journalists
French television presenters
French women television presenters
French radio presenters
French women radio presenters
French radio journalists
French women journalists
French columnists
French women columnists
Moroccan women columnists
Moroccan television journalists
Moroccan women television journalists
Moroccan television presenters
Moroccan women television presenters
Moroccan radio presenters
Moroccan women radio presenters
Moroccan women radio journalists
Moroccan radio journalists
Moroccan columnists
French people of Moroccan descent
20th-century Moroccan Jews


title: 2014 Malaysian Open, Kuala Lumpur

text:
The 2014 Malaysian Open, Kuala Lumpur was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the sixth edition of the tournament, and part of the 2014 ATP World Tour. It took place in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia between 22 and 28 September 2014.

Singles main-draw entrants

Seeds

 Rankings are as of 15 September 2014

Other entrants
The following players received wild cards into the singles main draw:
  Taro Daniel
  Omar Jasika
  Filip Krajinović

The following players received entry from the singles qualifying draw:
  Philipp Oswald
  Philipp Petzschner
  Kento Takeuchi
  James Ward

Withdrawals
Before the tournament
  Kevin Anderson
  Juan Martín del Potro
  Marcel Granollers
  Mikhail Kukushkin
  Milos Raonic
  Dominic Thiem
  Dmitry Tursunov

Doubles main-draw entrants

Seeds

 Rankings are as of 15 September 2014

Other entrants
The following pairs received wildcards into the doubles main draw:
  Nick Kyrgios /  Syed Mohd Agil Syed Naguib
  Jürgen Melzer /  Philipp Petzschner

Withdrawals
Before the tournament
  Marin Draganja (back injury)

Finals

Singles

  Kei Nishikori defeated  Julien Benneteau, 7–6(7–4), 6–4

Doubles

  Marcin Matkowski /  Leander Paes defeated  Jamie Murray /  John Peers, 3–6, 7–6(7–5), [10–5]

References

External links
 ATP tournament overview

Malaysian Open, Kuala Lumpur
Malaysian Open, Kuala Lumpur
Open
Malaysian Open (tennis)


title: The Cousin from Nowhere (operetta)

text:
The Cousin from Nowhere (German: ) is an operetta composed by Eduard Künneke with a libretto by  and Fritz Oliven, based on a comedy by Max Kempner-Hochstädt. It was first performed on 15 April 1921 in the Neues Schauspielhaus, Berlin.

An English language version, billed as a "musical comedy", was adapted by Fred Thompson with lyrics by Adrian Ross, Robert C. Tharp and Douglas Furber, and was first performed in 1922 in the United Kingdom. A separate English language adaptation, with book and lyrics by Harry B. Smith, was performed in 1923 at the Ambassador Theatre on Broadway under the title Caroline. The song "I'm Only a Strolling Vagabond", from the operetta, became the signature song of English performer Cavan O'Connor, who first recorded it in 1925.

The work was adapted into films in 1934 and in 1953.

References

Operas by Eduard Künneke
1921 operas
German-language operettas
Operas
Musicals by Harry B. Smith


title: The Boat Race 1876

text:
The 33rd Boat Race between crews from the University of Oxford and the University of Cambridge took place on the River Thames on 8 April 1876. Six of the Oxford crew had Boat Race experience while Cambridge's crew contained three Blues.  Umpired by Joseph William Chitty, Cambridge won the race "easily" in a time of 20 minutes 20 seconds, following confusion as to the positioning of the finish.  The victory took the overall record to 17–16 in Oxford's favour.

Background
The Boat Race is a side-by-side rowing competition between the University of Oxford (sometimes referred to as the "Dark Blues") and the University of Cambridge (sometimes referred to as the "Light Blues").  The race was first held in 1829, and since 1845 has taken place on the  Championship Course on the River Thames in southwest London. Oxford went into the race as reigning champions, having defeated Cambridge by ten lengths in the previous year's race, and led overall with seventeen wins to Cambridge's fifteen.

Cambridge were coached by Constantine William Benson who had rowed for Cambridge in the 1872, 1873 and 1875 races, and James Brooks Close who had represented the Light Blues in the 1872, 1873 and 1874 races.  There is no record of who coached Oxford. Joseph William Chitty was the umpire for the race.  He had rowed for Oxford twice in 1849 (in March and December) and the 1852 race. The starter was Edward Searle.

Crews
Both crews weight an average of 11 st 13.875 lb (76.0 kg).  The Cambridge crew contained three former Blues: William Brooks Close, cox George Latham Davies and Herbert Rhodes (rowing in his fourth Boat Race).  Oxford saw six Blues return, including H. J. Stayner who was making his third Boat Race appearance.  Author and rower G. C. Drinkwater stated that the placement of Tom Edwards-Moss, described as "one of the best sevens that ever rowed", at stroke was a mistake. In contrast, Cambridge were "considered by many to be the finest seen at Putney up to that time."

Race

Oxford won the toss and elected to start from the Middlesex station, handing the Surrey side of the river to Cambridge. Weather conditions were warm but with a "foul wind" in Corney Reach (about  along the course), and the race commenced at 2:02 p.m. The crews remained almost level for the first four minutes of the race, after which Cambridge began to pull ahead.  By Hammersmith Bridge they had a clear water advantage and were three lengths up by Chiswick Eyot. Extending their lead, the Light Blues were five lengths ahead by The Ship pub.  When Oxford finally passed the pub, they stopped, "apparently unaware that they had not completed the course". Author and former Oxford rower Dickie Burnell suggested the course was approximately  too long.

Cambridge, having sprinted to the finish, received the finishing gun while eight lengths ahead.  As a result of the confusion, the judge declared the winning distance as four lengths. However, official records state that Cambridge won the race "easily", in a time of 20 minutes 20 seconds. It was their sixth win in seven years and took the overall record to 17–16 in Oxford's favour.

References
Notes

Bibliography

External links
 Official website

The Boat Race
1876 in English sport
1876 in sports
April 1876 events


title: West End Central Police Station

text:
The West End Central Police Station was a police station at 27 Savile Row, in London's West End, on the junction with Boyle Street. It was the headquarters of the 'C' division of the Metropolitan Police, station-code 'CD' (the letter D depicting it to be a divisional headquarters) covering the City of Westminster.
It was opened in 1940 and was also the station where officers were dispatched from to shut down The Beatles' rooftop concert on January 30, 1969, following noise complaints. The front desk was closed in 2017.  It was subsequently sold to a private developer for a reported £50m.

References

Police stations in the City of Westminster
Buildings and structures in Mayfair
Government buildings completed in 1940
Modernist architecture in London
Former Metropolitan Police stations


title: The Cousin from Nowhere (1953 film)

text:
The Cousin from Nowhere () is a 1953 West German operetta film directed by Karl Anton and starring Vera Molnar, Gerhard Riedmann and Grethe Weiser. It was shot at the Wiesbaden Studios in Hesse and on location around Markgröningen, Tübingen, Bietigheim and Bad Urach. The film's sets were designed by the art directors Erich Kettelhut and Max Vorwerg. It is based on the 1921 operetta The Cousin from Nowhere composed by Eduard Künneke.

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West German films
German musical films
1953 musical films
Operetta films
Films based on operettas
Films directed by Karl Anton
Remakes of German films
German black-and-white films
Films scored by Eduard Künneke
1950s German films
1950s German-language films