title: Sthiti

text:
A Sanskrit Dictionary gives more than eighty meanings of the Sanskrit word, Sthiti (स्थिति), but this word mainly refers to position, rank or dignity, staying, or permanence, permanent or continued existence in any place.

Hindu interpretations

Vedic interpretation
The single principle behind the universe is described by Atharvaveda in Mantra X.8.11 in the following words:

यदेजति पतति यच्च तिष्ठति प्राणदप्राणन्निमिषच्च यद् भुवत् |
तद् दाधार पृथिवीं विश्वरूपं तत् सं भूय भवत्येकमेव ||

as the one reality existing which possessing multifarious forms and qualities upholds this world that has resting on it whatever which desires to move or fly or stay stationary which breathes or does not breath, which sees and does not see.

According to the Shatapatha Brahmana, the word, Sthiti, refers to maintenance, of the created world, the life-giver, duration of life of the maintenance of universal creation, and according to Sri Brahma Samhita, it refers to preservation.

Yoga school’s interpretation
The Vastu-sutra Upanishad with reference to Kriyavastha ('rituals of postural action') speaks of six essential disciplines that can be applied to Asana; the language of postures refers to three rhythms – Shrishti ('emanation'), Sthiti ('maintenance') and Samhara ('resorption'). Vaijayanti Kosha defines Sthiti as the act of maintaining. Sthiti relates to adulthood and emphasizes organic and pranic actions.

As per Yoga terminology, the word, Sthiti, means 'steadiness' i.e. steadiness of the mind –

तत्र स्थितौ यत्रोऽभ्यासः ||

"Of these two, abhyās, practice, is the effort to develop steadiness" - (Yoga Sutra 13)

Samadhi is the highest Sthiti of mind.

Yoga school recommends exercises to be practiced in accordance with one’s physical condition, age and constitution; the general rule is to follow vriddhi (during youth when the body is healthy and growing), sthiti (during middle age when the body is neither growing nor decaying) and laya (during old age when the body gets old and is decaying). The different asana ('postures'), which are duly graded, are also called sthiti. Moreover, absence of commonly experienced states of mental distraction known as citta vritti is called sthiti ('stationary') or absolute tranquility, in that state one experiences prasanta-vahita ('flow of peace'); and in which state the yogi desires to remain continuously. According to Yoga Rahasya, Sthiti is a karma meant for the house-holder, and Sthiti means – to stay i.e. the priority to maintain health rather than increase strength.

Vaishnava interpretation
According to Vaishnava Dharma, the five functions of Shakti are triodhana or triobhava ('delusion'), shrishti ('creation'), sthiti ('sustenance'), laya or samhrti ('dissolution') and anugraha ('grace'); these account for its Kiryashakti ('power of action'). Avyakta, aksara, yoni, avidya, trigunas, sthiti, maya, svabhava etc., are synonyms of Prakrti.

Yoga Vasistha has six prakarnas ('divisions') – vairagya ('renunciation'), mumuksu-vyavahara ('longing for salvation'), utpatti ('cosmological origin'), sthiti ('preservation'), upasama ('quiescence') and nirvana ('absorption'). The five stories in Sthiti Prakarna narrated by Rishi Vashistha, show that by forgetting that the actor, the perceiver, the knower or "I" is one's own creation identifying with action, and by identifying with the actor, the perceived and the known, one becomes totally bound and suffers repeated births. Sthiti or preservation of the "I" is important for growth when one learns and experiences the different aspects of existence.

Shaiva interpretation
The five activities attributed to Ishvara by the Shaivites are – shrishti ('emanation or projection'), sthiti ('maintenance'), samhara ('withdrawal'), vilaya ('concealment of the real nature') and anugraha ('grace'), and therefore, Shiva is known as pancakrityakari, the continuous do-er of five-fold act which is different from the concept of Brahman who is niskriya ('without activity'). Pratayabhijna insists on meditation on panca-krtya and the practice of vikalpa-ksaya during which course the retention and enjoyment of what one perceives (abhasana) is rakti or sthiti i.e. preservation, which is withdrawn at the time of knowledge. Sthiti is thus the inward cessation of all darsanas ('empirical knowledge, the experience of things').

The Devi-Bhagavata III.7.25-26 speaks of the three shaktis of the three gunas – jnana-shakti of sattva, kriya-shakti of rajas and artha-shakti or dravya-shakti of tamas; jnana and dravya show the nature of prakasa ('light', 'knowledge') and sthiti ('sustenance', 'existence') in a clearer way. Shrishti (natural state and Nature), Sthiti (continuation and maintenance) and Samhara (annihilation and reabsorption) constitute the triad which alludes to a ceaseless process of creation, sustenance and dissolution in a repeating cycle starting from the emptiness of a positive content which causes multifarious forms to shine forth in the mid-way of its movement before receding to rest from where the process started. Sthiti is defined as that by virtue of which the gunas are recognized as gunas, and is the common name of the other two genders viz. birth and death.

Jaina interpretation
In Jainism, the word, Sthiti, refers to the length or duration (in time) of ayu-karma, the specific period for which the karmic matter, consisting of desires or passions that motivate actions, remains bound with the soul, where the specific length of life in the gati, whether as a heavenly being or a hell being, is determined by the sthiti of ayu that stays bound; bhava-leshya affects sthiti and pradesa-bandha. The duration of karmans of a Jiva is dependent on adhayavasaya ('the tenure of the mind'), and therefore, on the strength of the kasayas ('binding factors').

Buddhist interpretation
Abhidharma-kosa, a Buddhist text, in Sloka II.46 tells us that – "Arising is existence following upon non-existence; duration is the series; impermanence is the rupture of all series; and between the successive states of the series"; in Buddhism sthiti refers to the impermanence of duration; it is the impermanence of duration that destroys dharma The Sarvastivadins, as a result of the analysis of change, commute impermanence in terms of jati ('nascent'), sthiti ('static'), jara ('decaying') and nasa ('cessant') moments taking "change of what exists" as signifying two moments, static and decaying. The followers of Theravada reject the jara-moment, and the Sautrantikas reject the sthiti-moment.

References

Hindu philosophical concepts
Jain philosophy
Buddhist philosophical concepts
Vaishnavism
Vedas
Sanskrit words and phrases


title: N. ehrenbergi

text:
N. ehrenbergi may refer to:

 Nannospalax ehrenbergi, a blind mole-rat
 Nereis ehrenbergi, a polychaete worm


title: Naserabad, Howmeh

text:
Naserabad (, also Romanized as Nāşerābād) is a village in Howmeh Rural District, in the Central District of Iranshahr County, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 60, in 12 families.

References

Populated places in Iranshahr County


title: Nukabad, Iranshahr

text:
Nukabad (, also Romanized as Nūkābād; also known as Shamsābād-e Sarhang) is a village in Howmeh Rural District, in the Central District of Iranshahr County, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran. At the 2016 census, its population was 4983, in 1085 families.

References

Populated places in Iranshahr County


title: Nukabad-e Sarhang

text:
Nukabad-e Sarhang (, also Romanized as Nūkābād-e Sarhang; also known as Nook Abad, Nowkābād, and Nūkābād) is a village in Howmeh Rural District, in the Central District of Iranshahr County, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 2,704, in 567 families.

References

Populated places in Iranshahr County


title: Rahmanabad, Iranshahr

text:
Rahmanabad (, also Romanized as Raḩmānābād) is a village in Howmeh Rural District, in the Central District of Iranshahr County, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 105, in 16 families.

References

Populated places in Iranshahr County


title: Shahr Deraz, Iranshahr

text:
Shahr Deraz (, also Romanized as Shahr Derāz and Shahrdarāz; also known as Shahderāz and Shāh Derāz) is a village in, and the capital of, Howmeh Rural District of the Central District of Iranshahr County, Sistan and Baluchestan province, Iran.

At the 2006 National Census, its population was 3,101 in 654 households. The following census in 2011 counted 3,701 people in 917 households. The latest census in 2016 showed a population of 4,618 people in 1,189 households.

References

Iranshahr County

Populated places in Iranshahr County


title: Sar Kahuran

text:
Sar Kahuran (, also Romanized as Sar Kahūrān and Sah Kahooran; also known as Kahūrā and Sar Kūhurān) is a village in Howmeh Rural District, in the Central District of Iranshahr County, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 931, in 184 families.

References

Populated places in Iranshahr County


title: Sarzeh, Iranshahr

text:
Sarzeh (; also known as Sardeh-e Shahr Derāz) is a village in Howmeh Rural District, in the Central District of Iranshahr County, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 568, in 118 families.

References

Populated places in Iranshahr County


title: Surab, Iranshahr

text:
Surab (, also Romanized as Sūrāb) is a village in Howmeh Rural District, in the Central District of Iranshahr County, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 338, in 72 families.

References

Populated places in Iranshahr County


title: Tomp-e Rigan

text:
Tomp-e Rigan (, also Romanized as Tomp-e Rīgān; also known as Tokhm-e Rīgān) is a village in Howmeh Rural District, in the Central District of Iranshahr County, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 543, in 105 families.

References

Populated places in Iranshahr County


The Sixth Extinction: An Unnatural History is a 2014 non-fiction book written by Elizabeth Kolbert and published by Henry Holt and Company. The book argues that the Earth is in the midst of a modern, man-made, sixth extinction. In the book, Kolbert chronicles previous mass extinction events, and compares them to the accelerated, widespread extinctions during our present time. She also describes specific species extinguished by humans, as well as the ecologies surrounding prehistoric and near-present extinction events. The author received the Pulitzer Prize for General Non-Fiction for the book in 2015.

The target audience is the general reader, and scientific descriptions are rendered in understandable prose. The writing blends explanations of her treks to remote areas with interviews of scientists, researchers, and guides, without advocating a position, in pursuit of objectivity. Hence, the sixth mass extinction theme is applied to flora and fauna existing in diverse habitats, such as the Panamanian rainforest, the Great Barrier Reef, the Andes, Bikini Atoll, city zoos, and the author's own backyard. The book also applies this theme to a number of other habitats and organisms throughout the world. After researching the current mainstream view of the relevant peer-reviewed science, Kolbert estimates flora and fauna loss by the end of the 21st century to be between 20 and 50 percent "of all living species on earth".

Anthropocene

Kolbert equates current, general unawareness of this issue to previous widespread disbelief of it during the centuries preceding the late 1700s; at that time, it was believed that prehistoric mass extinctions had never occurred. It was also believed there were no natural forces powerful enough to extinguish species en masse. Likewise, in our own time, the possible finality presented by this issue results in denialism. But scientific studies have shown that human behavior disrupts Earth's balanced and interconnected systems, "putting our own survival in danger." Consequently, the Earth systems currently affected are: the global atmosphere, the water cycle, the ocean's heat absorption, ocean acidity (and its effect on coral reefs), soil moisture and drought conditions, plant destruction by pests/non-indigenous fauna or heat stress, heat regulation by the Earth's ice, and so on.

The human species contributes to this disruption – even without intending to – because of our innate capabilities to alter the planet at this stage of our cultural evolution; for instance, we now have the ability to harness energy from beneath the Earth's surface. Homo sapiens also have the ability to adapt relatively quickly to almost any environment on this planet's surface. Other species, however, have a hard time relocating to new, suitable habitats. They are unable to migrate ahead of current rapid ecological changes, or are hampered by artificial barriers such as roadways, cityscapes, and suburban sprawl, which increase discontinuity between viable habitats throughout the world.

Background
Elizabeth Kolbert is a science writer for The New Yorker magazine. She is the author of Field Notes from a Catastrophe, as well as several other books. Her writing focuses on the effects of humans and civilization on our planet's ecosystem. Much of her writing involves her experiences of various locations, as noted above. Previously, she was a reporter for The New York Times.
Kolbert resides in Williamstown, Massachusetts, with her husband and children, and she writes in her home office across from Mount Greylock in Massachusetts.
Pertaining to this book, Kolbert has been interviewed by national news and media organizations.

Kolbert's decision to write this book was influenced by a 2008 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences paper, titled, "Are we in the midst of the sixth mass extinction? A view from the world of amphibians". Subsequently, Kolbert wrote an article for The New Yorker, titled (similarly to her eventual book), "The Sixth Extinction?"
Researching this article involved amphibian-hunting in Panama. She then realized, "I hadn't scratched the surface, that there was a book there."

Summary of chapters

Chapter 1: The Sixth Extinction
The ancestors of frogs crawled out of water around 400 million years ago. 250 million years ago, frogs were the earliest representation of what would become the modern amphibian orders. Amphibians have been on Earth for longer than mammals or birds; they were even here before dinosaurs. Recently, it has been reported that the extinction rate of frogs is increasing. Based on observed extinction rates far beyond expected background extinction rates, we can predict that an event of a catastrophic nature is headed our way. A decade ago, Panamanian golden frogs were plentiful in numbers and easy to find around Panama. However, within the past couple of years, the frogs started to disappear. Kolbert states that studies by the National Zoological Park in Washington, DC, and a mycologist at the University of Maine, have identified the reason for the increased mortality of Panamanian frogs as a type of Chytrid fungus. However, Chytrid fungi are not naturally found in Panama. This left a puzzling question: how did the fungus get to Panama? Evidence indicates that humans were instrumental in how the fungus traveled. Kolbert uses the frog-fungus relationship as a symbol of how humans are introducing invasive species to various environments, where native species would normally have the proper distribution of alleles for their environment.

Chapter 2: The Mastodon's Molars
Kolbert explains how fossils of the American mastodon (Mammut americanum) shaped Georges Cuvier's views on catastrophism. According to Cuvier, there was no reason the mastodon should have died out. The mastodon was large enough to avoid predation, had large enough teeth to consume an abrasive diet, and had other phenotypes that should have increased its chances of survival. Cuvier concluded there must have been sudden and violent natural catastrophes that caused mass extinctions of viable species. Kolbert uses the mastodon as a symbol for the idea that catastrophe is an important mechanism of extinction.

Chapter 3: The Original Penguin
The great auk was a large flightless bird that lived in the Northern Hemisphere. It had a large, intricately grooved beak. When the first settlers arrived in Iceland, the auk population was probably in the millions. However, the settlers found the auks to be “very good and nourishing meat.” They also used their oily bodies for fuel and fish bait, and their feathers for stuffing mattresses. Despite attempts at protecting the species, by 1844, the last auks were killed. Kolbert uses the great auk as a symbol of how human overexploitation of resources is another important mechanism of extinction.

Chapter 4: The Luck of the Ammonites
Kolbert explains that the main cause of the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event was not the impact of the asteroid itself. It was the dust created by the impact. The debris from the impact incinerated anything in its path. She states that it is impossible to estimate the full extent of the various species that died out due to this catastrophe. However, one class of animals we know did die out because of the effects of the asteroid's impact, are the ammonites. Kolbert explains that, even though ammonites were 'fit' for their current environment, a single moment can completely change which traits are advantageous and which are lethal.

Chapter 5: Welcome to the Anthropocene
Kolbert uses the extinction of graptolites and other clades to explain glaciation as a mechanism for extinction. She then explains how, when carbon dioxide levels in the air are high, there typically is accompanying increase in temperatures and sea level. Right around the time graptolites became extinct, carbon dioxide levels dropped. Temperatures fell and sea levels plummeted. This caused a change in the chemistry of the ocean, which had a devastating impact on life forms. Kolbert states that human activity has transformed between a third and a half of land surface on the planet. We have dammed most of the major rivers of world, increased levels of nitrogen higher than can be fixed naturally by terrestrial ecosystems, used more than half of the world's readily accessible freshwater run-off, removed more than one third of the primary producers of the oceans' coastal waters, and changed the composition of the atmosphere by deforestation and fossil fuel combustion.

Chapter 6: The Sea Around Us
Since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, we have seen increasing levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere at an alarming rate. Studies show we have added approximately 365 billion tons of it by burning fossil fuels, and an additional 180 billion tons as a result of deforestation. We add another 9 billion tons or so a year, an amount that has been increasing by 6 percent annually. Essentially, we have increased the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air to higher than it has been in the last several million years. Some of this carbon dioxide is being absorbed by our oceans to create carbonic acid. This is lowering the pH of our ocean and killing much of our marine life. Kolbert uses the drastic decline in life forms around the Castello Aragonese as a warning sign of what is to come if we continue to increase carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere.

Chapter 7: Dropping Acid
Coral reefs support thousands of species by providing food and protection. Subsequently, many species have co-evolved with corals. Due to ocean acidification, it is very possible that corals will become extinct by the end of the century. Prior to the industrial revolution, underwater reefs had an aragonite saturation state between 4 and 5. However, if current emission intensities remain as they are today, by 2060, there will no longer be a region above 3.5. This will lead to an increase in energy needed for calcification. This extra energy that will eventually be expended on calcification is currently vital to corals, as they use it to recover from being eaten away by marine species and battered by waves. Thus, ocean acidification is a mechanism of extinction.

Chapter 8: The Forest and the Trees
Global warming is most commonly seen as a threat to cold-loving species. As temperatures rise, the ice at the North Pole and South Pole will melt. Any living thing that depends on the ice will be faced with extreme challenges that could ultimately drive them to extinction. Kolbert points out that the poles are not the only places affected by global warming, and that other areas have much higher latitudinal diversity gradients. She discusses the work of scientists who have used measures of species-area relationship to model possible effects of global warming. The extent to which species are mobile and can relocate to new areas, in response to shifting climate conditions, is predicted to be a significant factor in possible species extinction. This has particular importance for trees and other plant species. Even more difficult to estimate is the extent to which ecological communities of species will be able to tolerate disruptive changes.

Chapter 9: Islands on Dry Land
Kolbert points out how everything in life is interconnected, and discusses the importance of patch dynamics. Over time, fragmentation of environmental areas leads to a decrease in the number of species in an area. This occurs, in part, because the size of such "islands" is too small to support a stable number of species members. Also, smaller populations are more vulnerable to these changing events. In addition, the disconnection of islands makes it more difficult for species to reach and recolonize them. One researcher describes this as "an obstacle course for the dispersal of biodiversity." Kolbert also notes that the habits of many species can be highly specialized to their environment. She explains that one minor change can cause a domino effect in various ecological systems.

Chapter 10: The New Pangaea
Kolbert points out that there is an evolutionary arms race, in which each species must be equipped to defend against their potential predators, and need to be more fit than their competition. A species has no defense if it encounters a new fungus, virus, or bacterium. This can be extremely deadly, as it was in the case of American bats killed by the psychrophilic fungus Geomyces destructans. Another example of this occurred in the 1800s. The American chestnut was the dominant deciduous tree in eastern American forests. Then, a fungus (Cryphonectria parasitica) started to cause chestnut blight. It was nearly 100 percent lethal. This fungus was unintentionally imported to the US by humans. Kolbert then explains that global trade and travel are creating a virtual "Pangaea", in which species of all kinds are being redistributed beyond historical geographic barriers. This furthers the first chapter's idea that invasive species are a mechanism of extinction.

Chapter 11: The Rhino Gets an Ultrasound
The Sumatran Rhino was once so abundant in numbers it was considered an agricultural pest. However, as Southeast Asia's forests were cut down, the rhino's habitat became fragmented. In the 1900s, the rhino population had been shrunk to just a few hundred. A captive breeding program was widely regarded as a failure and resulted in the deaths of several rhinos, and it was decades before a single baby was born. Today, there are only one hundred living Sumatran rhinos. Kolbert uses this rhino species to illustrate habitat fragmentation as another mechanism of extinction.

Chapter 12: The Madness Gene
Europe was home to the Neanderthals for at least 100,000 years. Then, about 30,000 years ago, the Neanderthals vanished. Fossil records show that modern humans arrived in Europe 40,000 years ago. Within 10,000 years, Neanderthals were bred out. Through molecular sequencing, scientists have found that there is one to four percent Neanderthal DNA in all non-African humans. This indicates that humans and Neanderthals interbred, and the resulting hybrids reproduced. The pattern continued until Neanderthals were literally bred out. Kolbert states there is every reason to believe that Neanderthals would still exist if it weren't for Homo sapiens.

Chapter 13: The Things with Feathers
Kolbert concludes with hope in humanity, pointing to various efforts to conserve or preserve species. Whether meaning to or not, we are deciding which evolutionary pathways will be shut off forever, and which can be left open to flourish.

Sources
Some sources for the book include The Song of the Dodo by David Quammen, The Ghost With Trembling Wings by Scott Weidensaul, and reports from Edward O. Wilson, a biologist. The pioneering studies of naturalist Georges Cuvier and geologist Charles Lyell are also referenced. The book's title is similar to a 1995 book title, The Sixth Extinction: Patterns of Life and the Future of Humankind by Richard Leakey and Roger Lewin. Also included are excerpts from interviews of a forest ecologist, atmospheric scientist Ken Caldeira, wildlife and conservation experts, a modern-day geologist, and fungus research in New England and New York state.

Awards and honors
 2014 National Book Critics Circle Award (General Nonfiction) finalist
 2014 Library Journal Top Ten Book
 2015 Massachusetts Book Award, Nonfiction
 2015 Pulitzer Prize for General Non-Fiction

Bill Gates named the book to his 2014 Summer Reading List.

See also

References

External links

 Official website
 Elizabeth Kolbert Reports On The Dire Consequences Of Climate Change. December 10, 2007.
 Will We Be the Next Extinction?. Geri Spieler. HuffPost, February 11, 2014.
 Enter the Anthropocene – Age of Man. Elizabeth Kolbert. National Geographic. March 2011.
 Why is biodiversity in crisis?. "...pressure that humanity is placing on the planet." International Union for Conservation of Nature. 2014.

 Science journalist says planet is "on the verge of another mass extinction" - on "The Takeout". CBS News. April 16, 2021.

2014 in the environment
2014 non-fiction books
American non-fiction books
Climate history
Ecology books
Environmental non-fiction books
Extinction
Big History
Natural history books
Paleontology books
Science books
Pulitzer Prize for General Non-Fiction-winning works
Climate change books
Henry Holt and Company books
Works about the theory of history


title: Shahr Deraz

text:
Shahr Deraz or Shahrdaraz or Shahr-e Deraz () may refer to:
 Shahr Deraz, Iranshahr
 Shahr-e Deraz, Khash
 Shahr-e Deraz, Mirjaveh


title: DXBC-TV

text:
DXBC-TV (channel 39) is an independent television station in General Santos, Philippines. Owned and operated by Brigada Mass Media Corporation, the station maintains studios and hybrid analog/digital transmitter at the Brigada Complex, NLSA Road, Purok Bayanihan, Brgy. San Isidro, General Santos.

On January 13, 2013, after the series of test broadcast (that started from October 14, 2012 to the first few days of January 2013). The station's original channel assignment, DXFG-TV (channel 46; licensed to Asian Multimedia and Production Company, Inc.), was launched at the first broadcast of thanksgiving party at the Family Country Convention Center in General Santos, The station and channel was transferred to TV channel 34 on December 1, 2015, and later to TV channel 39 on September 23, 2019, with stronger and wider signal coverage as the station's transmitter has been relocated to its present home at the Brigada Complex with a power of 10,000 watts. The station is on-air and operates daily from 4:00 AM to 11:30 PM.

Programming
Larga Brigada
Banat Brigada Balita
Banat Brigada
Brigada Balita Nationwide sa Umaga
Tira Brigada Balita Lokal
Tira Brigada
Brigada Noontime News Magazine
Brigada Mindanao
Brigadahan 1Tahanan
Di Pwede Yan
Itanong Mo Kay Doc
Sine Brigada
Ronda Brigada
Ronda Brigada Sabado
Ronda Clock
Crosstalk
Agri Tayo Soccsksargen
KaBrigadahan Nationwide
Puntos ni Elmer Catulpos

Defunct programming
Brigada Connection
Brigada Balita Nationwide sa Tanghali
Brigada Balita Nationwide sa Hapon
 Insights
 Dokumentao
 Happy Lang
 Brigada Top Stories
 Opinyon
 Brigada Healthline
 Imbocada Balita
 Brigada Music Video
 Brigada Music Video: Tunog Lokal
 Brigada Music Video: Hitbacks
 Todo-Todo sa Udto
 Giya sa Maayong Panglawas
 Drivemax Pitoytoy
 Harana sa Brigada
 Ang Lungsod Angay nga Masayod
 Sunday Mass at OLPGV (Our Lady of Peace and Good Voyage)
 Weekend Review
 Brigada Action Line
 PowerCells: Tanong Mo, Sagot ni Doc
 Frontline
 Morning Hataw
 Happy Dreams
 Brigadahan GenSan
 Brigada Mornings
 Just In
 Engkwentro
 Brigada Tanghali Saya (BTS)

Personalities

Present
Elmer Catulpos
Atty. Froebel Kan Balleque (main anchor)
Jennifer Solis (station manager)
Dyll Bartolaba
Joel Eduque
Erine Dejecacion
Hannah Perez
Leo Martin Cellan
DJ Justine Manansala
Klarisse Morales
CJ Sering
Val Guilaran
David Amor
Jocille Cervantes
Sharmiella Calinawan
Cherish Jane Alido
Nathalie Sariego
Russiel Jean Mantile
Laizelle Labajo
Jose "Dingdong" Ciencia
Kathrina Ilejay-Tan
Cherry Catulpos
Thirdy Santander
Caryl Pizon

Past
Jerry Dumdum
Krizza Feb Udal
Belinda Salas-Canlas (host of Insights and Crosstalk; now with DXMD 927 RMN General Santos)
Kennedy Pingas
Joffrey Bong Cagape (now with 103.1 Radyo Bandera News FM General Santos)
Abner Jun Mendoza Jr.
Austin Papa Calbo Deparoco (now with DXCP 585 Radyo Totoo General Santos)
Eleazardo Don Pakito Mallonga
Gloven Yntong (now with 99.9 Big Radio)
Jeremiah Diana (now with DXMD 927 RMN General Santos)
Jeruz Alcazarin (now with 103.1 Radyo Bandera News FM General Santos)
JB Lee
Leila Dacua
Jessa Leduna
Abby Lorenzo
Jocelyn Jersey Cadeliña (now with 99.9 Big Radio)
Crystal Joy Romano (now with DXCP 585 Radyo Totoo General Santos)
Irish Ampuyas (now with DXCP 585 Radyo Totoo General Santos)
Allan Bambalan (now with DXMD 927 RMN General Santos)
Faith Dandoy (now with 103.1 Radyo Bandera News FM General Santos)
Johanna Quilinderino
Charmaine Betty Uy
Marco Vergara (now with 91.3 Brigada News FM Lebak)
Kent Abrigana (now with GMA Regional TV–One Mindanao)
Abby Caballero (now with GMA Regional TV–One Mindanao)
Sheliene Joy Canda (now Marketing Manager at SM City General Santos)
Atty. Art Cloma
Joe Pula
Rolly Pacquiao (now with 91.1 Pacman Radio)
Adonis Presillas (moved to 96.7 Brigada News FM Butuan)
Reyna Albutra
Eva Caitom
Sean David Ruba
Mark Gerodias
Carlo Dugaduga (moved to 96.7 Brigada News FM Butuan)
Abner Francisco (moved to 105.1 Brigada News FM Mega Manila)
Jay Mark Canlas (moved to 89.3 Brigada News FM Cotabato)
Rona Mujemulta

Digital television

Digital channels
UHF Channel 37 (611.143 MHz)

Areas of coverage

Primary areas
 General Santos (urban and rural areas)
 South Cotabato
 Sarangani Province
 North Cotabato

See also
 89.5 Brigada News FM - sister FM station

References

Television stations in General Santos
Television channels and stations established in 2012
2012 establishments in the Philippines
Digital television stations in the Philippines


title: Farzana Akhter Baby

text:
Farzana Akhter Baby () is a Bangladeshi national women Kabaddi player who was part of the team that won the bronze medal at the 2010 Asian Games and 2014 Asian Games.

References

External links
 Women's sports in Bangladesh

Living people
Place of birth missing (living people)
Asian Games medalists in kabaddi
Kabaddi players at the 2010 Asian Games
Bangladeshi kabaddi players
Kabaddi players at the 2014 Asian Games
Female kabaddi players
Asian Games bronze medalists for Bangladesh
Medalists at the 2010 Asian Games
Year of birth missing (living people)
Medalists at the 2014 Asian Games


title: Heinrich Andres

text:
Heinrich Andres (5 May 1883, Bengel – 11 August 1970, Bonn) was a German educator and botanist known for his investigations of Rhineland flora.

Up until 1910 he was a schoolteacher in the town of Hetzhof, afterwards teaching classes in Bonn. He was the taxonomic authority of the genera Monotropastrum and Monotropanthum as well as of numerous species within the plant family Ericaceae. In 1967 Hermann Otto Sleumer dedicated the genus Andresia in his honor.

Selected works
 Die Pirolaceen des rheinischen Schiefergebirges, 1906 – Pirolaceae of the Rhenish Massif.
 Flora von Eifel und Hunsrück, 1911 – Flora of Eifel and Hunsrück.
 Flora des mittelrheinischen Berglandes und der eingeschlossenen Flusstäler, 1920 – Flora of the mid-Rhine mountain country and associated enclosed river valleys .
 Die Pflanzenwelt unserer Heimat: kurze Anleitung zum Bestimmen der höheren Pflanzen (Blütenpflanzen und Farne), 1925 – Flora of our country: a brief guide to the determination of higher plants (flowering plants and ferns).

References

1883 births
1970 deaths
20th-century German botanists
Pteridologists
People from Bernkastel-Wittlich


title: Gila Martow

text:
Gila Deborah Gladstone-Martow  ( Gladstone; born June 5, 1961) is a politician in Ontario, Canada. She has represented Ward 5 on Vaughan City Council since 2022. She previously represented the electoral district of Thornhill in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario as a member of the Ontario Progressive Conservative Party from 2014 to 2022. Martow did not seek re-election in the 2022 Ontario general election after unsuccessfully seeking the federal Conservative nomination in 2021. Martow returned to municipal politics in her successful election bid in the 2022 Vaughan Municipal Election.

Background
Originally from Chomedey, Quebec, Martow was an optometrist. She and her husband, an ophthalmologist, jointly ran an eye clinic at the Markham Stouffville Hospital.

Martow's maternal grandparents lived on a kibbutz organized by the Hashomer Hatzair Marxist-Zionist youth movement in the early 1930s in Mandatory Palestine (later to become Israel). Martow attended the socialist movement's summer camp, Camp Shomria, from 1973 to 1977. The camp's Mia Gladstone Art Program is named in memory of Martow's mother.

Political activism
In 2007, she was a spokesperson for the Multi-Faith Coalition. During the provincial election that year, she supported Progressive Conservative leader John Tory's plan to create funding among Ontario’s private faith-based schools. She said, "By not funding non-Catholic faith-based schools, there is going to be social unrest. This is discrimination against non-Catholics."

Ontario legislature
In early 2014, she ran in a by-election in the riding of Thornhill to replace the retiring Peter Shurman. She defeated Liberal candidate Sandra Yeung Racco on February 13, 2014. Four months later she ran again in the 2014 provincial election. She faced Racco again in a rematch. Initially Racco was declared the winner but the decision was reversed the next day following the official Elections Ontario tally of the vote. Martow was declared the winner by 85 votes. A recount was done and Martow was declared the winner on June 23, 2014, by a margin of 106 votes.

On December 1, 2016, Martow presented a motion in the legislature rejecting the Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions campaign against Israel. It passed by a vote of 49–5 with the governing Liberals, and PCs supporting, and NDP opposing.

In the past, Martow has served as the PC Critic for Intergovernmental Affairs (2014) and as the Anti-Racism Secretariat (2016).  She then served in the shadow cabinet as the critic for:  Children, Youth, and Families;  GTA Issues;  and Francophone Affairs until 2018.

After the Progressive Conservatives formed government following the 2018 provincial election, Martow was appointed Parliamentary Assistant to Labour Minister Laurie Scott by Premier Doug Ford. On November 29, 2018, Premier Ford announced that Martow would become the Parliamentary Assistant to the Minister of Francophone Affairs, Caroline Mulroney and that Jane McKenna would take over her position as the Parliamentary Assistant to the Minister of Labour.

In January 2021, she attracted controversy after breaking a COVID-19 lockdown to visit her cottage over Christmas.

Failed federal nomination bid and departure
In early 2021, Martow ran unsuccessfully for the federal Conservative nomination in Thornhill, where she was defeated by Melissa Lantsman. As a result of announcing her candidacy for the federal nomination, she was required to relinquish her Parliamentary Assistant role in the provincial legislature and was not permitted to run in the 2022 Ontario general election as a Progressive Conservative candidate.

Municipal politics
Martow announced her candidacy for Vaughan City Council in Ward 5 on May 4, 2022, for the 2022 municipal election. Martow previously ran for the same ward in the 2010 municipal election, losing to incumbent Alan Shefman. After Shefman defeated Gila Martow's supported candidates in 2014 (Josh Martow, her son) and 2018 (Allan Goldstein), Martow eventually defeated Shefman in a 2022 rematch by 1,104 votes (7,142 - 6,341).

Election results

Municipal

{| class="wikitable"
|-
|Colspan="2" align="center"|2010 Vaughan election, Ward 5
|-
! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="150px" | Candidate
! bgcolor="#DDDDFF"  | Votes
|-
| Alan Shefman (x) || 5,561
|-
|Gila Martow || 4,279
|-
|Bernie Green || 2,898
|-
|Vernon Hendrickson || 1,870
|-
|Yehuda Shahaf || 694
|-
|Stellios  Missirlis || 231

Provincial

| style="text-align:left;" colspan="2"|Progressive Conservative hold
|align="right"|Swing
|align="right"|  +0.34%
|

References

External links

1961 births
Anglophone Quebec people
Jewish Canadian politicians
Living people
Canadian optometrists
Politicians from Montreal
Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario MPPs
Women MPPs in Ontario
21st-century Canadian politicians
21st-century Canadian women politicians
Jewish women politicians
Ontario municipal councillors


title: Sheep, Dog & Wolf

text:
Daniel McBride, better known under the moniker Sheep, Dog & Wolf, is a multi-instrumentalist, vocalist, and composer based in Auckland, New Zealand. McBride released his first EP under this name (created in his bedroom) independently in May 2011, at 17 years old. He was signed to Lil' Chief Records for his debut album; Egospect, released August 2013. His sophomore album Two-Minds was released on April 9, 2021, through independent London record label Aphrodite.

Music and career
The music of Sheep, Dog & Wolf is characterised by its often-dense instrumentation, unusual time signatures, McBride's use of vocal layering and harmonisation, and his 'bedroom artist' approach to recording and engineering. Notably, all releases are performed, recorded, and produced by McBride.

Releases and reception
Sheep, Dog & Wolf's debut EP, Ablutophobia, was released in May 2011, and was highly praised internationally; he was named "a young Sufjan Stevens" in the Guardian and Vogue Italia called the EP "a rare pearl."

McBride released his debut full-length album, Egospect, through Lil' Chief Records in August 2013. The album was one of 8 finalists for the Taite Music Prize for Best New Zealand Album, alongside Lorde and Unknown Mortal Orchestra.

Sheep, Dog & Wolf was awarded the Critics' Choice Prize at the 2013 New Zealand Music Awards.

McBride's second album, Two-Minds, was released on April 9, 2021, through Aphrodite. NPR described the record as "lush and textured... so beautiful" and named it one of their top albums of the week, and Clash (magazine) called it "truly intoxicating... a beautiful evocation of the need to walk towards positivity, a yearning for new light."

Two-Minds was one of 8 finalists for the Taite Music Prize for Best New Zealand Album at the 2022 Taite Awards.

Discography

Albums
Egospect (2013)
Two-Minds (2021)

EPs
Ablutophobia EP (2011)

References

New Zealand musicians
1993 births
Living people
Musicians from Auckland


title: LoliRock

text:
LoliRock is a French animated television series produced by Zodiak Kids with the participation of France Télévisions and The Walt Disney Company France. It was created by Jean Louis-Vandestoc along with David Michel and written by Madellaine Paxson. It first aired in France on 18 October 2014 on France 3, and has expanded to television channels in Europe.

Plot
Iris is a sweet fifteen-year-old blonde girl who likes to sing and help others. However, when she sings, strange things happen. Encouraged by her best friend/crush Nathaniel, Iris auditions for a girl rock band, but ends up destroying the room and is later attacked by two strangers (magical twins Praxina and Mephisto). The judges at the audition, Princess Talia and Princess Auriana, come to help her and they explain to her that she is a princess herself with mighty magical powers who must save her homeworld and kingdom of Ephedia, from the evil clutches of Lord Gramorr, who has taken it over and turned it to a miserable place. The only way to save her kingdom is to master her new powers and to find the twelve Oracle Gems of the Crown of Ephedia, which have been scattered across the Earth. Throughout the series, the three girls try to live as both ordinary teenagers as well as stars of the all-female band called LoliRock while training Princess Iris to master her growing magical abilities and spells in secret, and gathering the thirteen mystical oracle gems. But when Gramorr sends Praxina and Mephisto to also find the Oracle Gems while making attempts to destroy the LoliRock with their monsters.

The three Princesses of Ephedia are joined by two other Ephedian princesses called Carissa and Lyna who were part of a group named “the Resistance” with Princess Talia's elder sister as the leader. They also transform into magical warrior princesses but are not part of the rock band. The girls continue gathering Oracle Gems while helping those in need, but Lord Gramorr and the Twins continue to get much stronger and more dangerous as well.

When the last oracle gem is collected, Princess Iris faces the reality of having to say goodbye to her Earth best friend/crush Nathaniel, and returning to her home planet Ephedia to be reunited with her parents, the King and Queen of Ephedia. But when Lord Gramorr claims the final gem and is released to unleash his destructive wrath on all of Ephedia, the girls work together to face him in one final battle. A highly evolved Princess Iris (who has called upon her stronger Shanila form) destroys Lord Gramorr, whose pet black panther Banes abandons him to his death. Banes later approaches Praxina, embittered over Mephisto sacrificing himself to protect her, and gives her what remained of Gramorr's mask so they enact revenge on LoliRock by attacking everyone they love on Earth.

Episodes

Characters

  (voiced by Kazumi Evans in English version, Lisa Caruso in French version) – The lead singer of LoliRock, Iris is a 15-year-old girl living in Sunny Bay; she has wavy blonde hair, fair skin, light blue eyes, pink lips and freckles. She is kind-hearted and willing to help everyone. Her singing seems to enchant everything around her; this power is coveted by Gramorr. She has a crush on her childhood best friend, Nathaniel. After she meets Talia and Auriana, she discovers that she is the crown princess of Ephedia, a magical kingdom, and her duty is to find all the Oracle Gems of the Royal Crown and to reclaim the throne of all of Ephedia. When she transforms using a pink heart-shaped pendant, her hair turns bright rose pink and her clothes turn pink, and she has a heart symbol and a four-pointed star symbol. The production Tumblr said that she gets two symbols because she is of the royal family which rules entire planet and are of a higher royal status than the other five realms of Xeris, Volta, Claix and Borealis. Character designer Bertrand Todesco initially considered Iris as having dark hair that would change to blonde in the transformation, but found that to be a cliché, and instead went with pop and girly colors like Katy Perry. Iris was based on actress Taylor Momsen from Gossip Girl, and the wardrobe was based on a picture of Blake Lively, also from Gossip Girl, in a green dress. He also cited British singer Pixie Lott as a reference.
  (voiced by Ashleigh Ball in English version, Kelly Marot in French version) – She sings vocals and plays the keytar and sometimes guitar in LoliRock. She has long dark brown hair with straight bangs, dark skin, and amber eyes. She is serious, kind, and very intelligent. As the second princess of Xeris, she was imprisoned by Gramorr before going on the search for the princess of Ephedia with the help of Auriana. Her transformation item is a bracelet; her hair turns light blue and her clothes become blue. Her symbol is the diamond. Taila's character reference was French fashion blogger Betty Autier and her wardrobe, Amber Stevens West as she portrayed Ashleigh Owens in the TV series Greek, and singers Keri Hilson and Alicia Keys.
  (voiced by Tabitha St. Germain in English version, Léopoldine Serre in French version) – She sings vocals and plays tambourine in LoliRock. She has waist-length auburn hair styled in a ponytail, tan skin, and green eyes. She is bubbly, playful, boy-crazy, and a bit air-headed, but a reliable friend. She is the princess of Volta. Her transformation item is a ring; her hair and clothes turn bright orange, and she sports a longer ponytail. Her symbol is a Crescent moon. Todesco wrote that Auriana's original name was Aurora and that he had pictured her as a black girl with a huge volume of hair, and that Talia would be maybe Asian with long straight hair, but he later changed the hairstyles. He wrote that Auriana was "all the other cool things I like and I couldn't put on Iris and/or Talia." Auriana's character reference was Leighton Meester from Gossip Girl and Cat Valentine (played by Ariana Grande) from the teen sitcom Victorious. He said that the name choice was a coincidence.
  (vocalisations by Tabitha St. Germain in English version, Léopoldine Serre in French version) – A purple and white furry creature with dark blue hair and a fluffy little tail. He has the ability to transform into a winged horse and to transport the princesses and their enemies to a special arena to allow the princesses to fight evil away from any civilians. Todesco created Amaru out of the magical girl concept of having pets such as with Sailor Moon having a cat, and that Amaru would be able to transform into a keyring plush on her bag.
  (voiced by Mackenzie Gray in English version, Gilles Morvan in French version) – The Grand Wizard of Chaos who is the main villain. He has green-blond waist-length hair and purple eyes, wears a crown as well as a mask that covers his eyes, nose and mouth entirely. After betraying the king and queen, Gramorr has taken control of Ephedia. However, to gain total control of the kingdom, he must have the royal crown, which is protected by a spell. He is thus unable to leave the castle area and must rely on Praxina and Mephisto to do his work. He has a black panther minion named Banes, which is described by the production Tumblr as the anti-Amaru, and was created to give Gramorr more presence. In early promotions for the series, Gramorr was named Gromar and he was depicted as Iris's evil uncle who imprisoned the king and queen, and had sent his two evil twin nephews to Earth to thwart Lolirock and take the gems, but the idea was scrapped as it would have made him more of a stereotype.
  (voiced by Kelly Sheridan in English version, Karine Foviau in French version) – She has long burgundy-colored hair that typically covers one of her eyes. She loves to belittle people, especially her enemies and her twin brother, the latter of whom she reminds that she was born before. She has a very affirmed personality and often bosses her brother around. Her theme colour is red. Her attacks tend to be demonstrations of raw power with explosions and large summoned monsters. In early concepts of the series, they were considered the two evil twin nephews of Lord Gramorr. Todesco started the design for Praxina and Mephisto on Halloween day of 2011. Todesco originally designed Praxina dressed in black-and-white with a x symbol in her eyes. Todesco's character designer partner Benedicte Claravino went with a night butterfly/moth concept, with a bun hairstyle that extended to long twin tails. Her eyes would be butterflies instead of x's, of which the butterfly brooch stayed with around. Her design was originally approved, but then the producers thought she was too "Japanese" and scary, so he and Benedicte redrew her and came out with a more suitable design. The production Tumblr describes Praxina as an "anti-Iris", so she was given two symbols: lightning for her magic, and butterfly for herself.
  (voiced by Vincent Tong in English version, Nessym Guetat in French version) – He and his twin sister Praxina are sent to Earth by Gramorr to prevent the princesses from thwarting his master's plans at any price. He has short burgundy-coloured hair. He enjoys destroying things, but sometimes acts cheesy, incompetent, and has a short attention span. His theme colour is green. Of the two, Mephisto prefers elaborate spells and tricks and bragging about how he's a genius. He originally had a black-and-white motif along with + symbols in his eyes. Like Praxina, he had a butterfly concept but it was rejected. Director Jean-Louis Vandestoc then suggested a snake symbol and a half-hidden face. Mephisto's design was eventually approved without the hidden face part.
  (voiced by Matt Ellis in English version, Hugo Brunswick in French version) – Iris's childhood best friend. He has short cocoa brown spiky hair. He knows Iris at heart, and often encourages her with kindness and a little humor. He and Iris harbour crushes on each other. Nathaniel works at the smoothie shop the girls frequent. In early promotions for the series back in 2013, Senior VP Patricia de Wilde said Nathaniel was Iris's boyfriend and the only outsider that would know of the band's secret.

  (voiced by Tabitha St. Germain in English version, named Tante Ellen and voiced by Magali Rosenzweig in French version) – Iris's adoptive guardian, she has taken care of her since she was a baby. She is a cheerful lady who likes to take care of her garden. In the start of the series, she takes in Talia and Auriana as exchange students. In the season 2 episode "Truth Be Told", it is revealed that her real name is Lady Ellira, an Ephedian warrior and bodyguard to Iris's parents, the king and queen, who is tasked with raising their infant daughter and protecting her on Earth from Lord Gramorr.
  (voiced by James Kirk in English version, Julien Crumpon in French version) – He has blond hair and typically wears a brown hat with a pink band. He debuts in Episode 13, "Batty". He is LoliRock's number-one fan and writes a blog about them, gushing over different things and happenings about them. Doug can be gullible sometimes due to his innocence.
  (voiced by Ashleigh Ball in English version, named Suzy Robins and voiced by Audrey Sable in French version) – Iris's childhood rival who debuts in episode 2 "Flower Power". She greyish-black hair and yellow-green eyes. As the daughter of the mayor of Sunny Bay, she acts spoiled and vain. When asked whether Missy was based on rival character Mandy in Totally Spies!, the production Tumblr wrote that Missy was not based on her, even though she looks like her. They wanted a character that would be a love rival and a pest, and went with a brunette hair colour to contrast Iris being a blonde, calling it a "classic trope".

  (voiced by Chiara Zanni in English version, Jessica Monceau in French version) – Talia's older sister from the Ephedian kingdom of Xeris. She possesses a great mystical power, and is deemed to be a powerful, responsible and intelligent princess. Talia lost track of her since the attack of Lord Gramorr on Xeris. It is later revealed that she was imprisoned in the prison fortress Krozak on Ephedia. In the show, she first appears in "Xeris". She has white hair, dark skin, and mulberry blue eyes. She returns in the season 1 finale episode "Home", where she leads a resistance movement against Gramorr. In the production Tumblr, she is nine years older than Talia, and her design was based mainly on imagining what Talia would look like in the future. To distinguish herself from Talia, she was designed with slightly darker skin tone and lighter hair. Her symbol is three diamonds.
  (voiced by Sam Vincent in English version, Yoann Bellot Sover in French version) – An Ephedian thief who initially appears as a fellow prisoner of Gramorr in the season 1 finale episodes and goes with Iris when they try to escape from their cells. However, it is soon revealed that he has been working for Gramorr all along (as he was the highest bidder) to get her to release the crown. His magic crest bears the symbol of an eagle.
  (voiced by Kelly Sheridan in English version, Marie Nonnenmacher in French version) – A princess of Borealis, she debuts in "Home Part I". In her magical princess state, she has light green hair. She is shy, but brave, light-hearted, and sophisticated. She loves crystal tea and is proud that her castle had won awards for most beautiful. She and Carissa helped free Izira from Gramorr and joined her resistance movement. Her transformation item is a hair pin, and her symbol is a fleur-de-lys. Her weapon is a chakram (ring), but she prefers to use levitation in her spells. At the end of the first season, she joins the LoliRock girls on Earth where she has long straight black hair, medium skin, and violet eyes. As with Carissa, she is neither part of the band nor lives with them at Aunt Ellen's, but appears in some of the episodes. Her transformation sequence is inspired by Sailor Moon, specifically Sailor Uranus and Sailor Neptune, and they are shorter transformations than the main three girls for production reasons and because it would have been boring. According to the character designers, Lyna was depicted as snooty and delicate. Her colour theme is teal. During the development of Carissa and Lyna's characters, the designers wanted to make one of them styled like an Asian princess, and settled with Lyna, while the Caucasian version of Lyna was used for a guest character Debra in season 2.
  (voiced by Tabitha St. Germain in English version, Fanny Bloc in French version) – A princess of Calix, she also debuts in "Home Part I". In her magical princess state, she has purple hair, and purple is also her general theme colour. She likes to show off her fighting skills, enjoys having bruises, and is fired up whenever she's fighting. After she and Lyna free Izira, she joins the latter's resistance movement. Her transformation item is an armlet and her symbol is a compass rose. Her weapon is a pair of clubs, and she prefers close-quarters combat. At the end of the first season, she joins the LoliRock girls on Earth, where she has red-orange hair styled in a fishtail braid, light skin and blue eyes. Storyboarder Christelle Abgrall wrote that Carissa's transformation was inspired by Sailor Uranus and her main attack. The characters designers depicted Carissa as a fiery tomboy. Carissa's hair was made brown in some of the early depictions so as to not confuse her with the redhead Auriana, but the designers later went with her original Irish redhead hair colour. Some of the drafts had also depicted her with dark skin or styled like an Asian princess.

Production

Conception
Jean-Louis Vandestoc drew inspiration for LoliRock from watching anime in his childhood that was broadcast on the French channels, including Sherlock Hound, Space Adventure Cobra, The Mysterious Cities of Gold and Dragon Ball, but his most influential title he watched was Magical Princess Minky Momo. He wrote "I loved the very core of it: a child transforming into an adult, helping people and making good deeds, the nice chara design, and finally the tone of the show: it could be funny and light, but also dramatic and tearful at other times. My soul was marked forever." After working on French cartoons Monster Buster Club and Rekkit Rabbit he wanted to make a magical girl show. He chose Sailor Moon and Pretty Cure as references for the magical girl part, and Jem and the Holograms for the music career part.

Character design

The producers at Marathon Media asked designers to draw Iris for a magical girl project as a teenage alien princess with ice/crystal powers. Character designer Bertrand Todesco drew inspiration from Betty Autier, a French fashion blogger of "le blog de betty". She had dark hair and straight bangs, but Todesco figured the producers wanted a blonde girl for a lead, so he went with the look of Jenny Humphrey of the TV series Gossip Girl, portrayed by Taylor Momsen. The producers also wanted the girls' irises to be star-shaped. Autier's appearance as well as her wardrobe was retained for Talia.

Following the initial picture, Todesco needed to design a princess/rockstar outfit, of which he chose a green dress worn by Blake Lively. The colour was changed to pink as green was not suitable for merchandising. Todeco added a magical pet creature in the custom of Sailor Moon, which would later become Amaru. He designed in the hair streaks for when the girls were rock stars, and dresses that weren't so frilly that they would be complicated to draw.

In designing Talia and the then-named Aurora, Todesco originally started with a black girl and an Asian girl with typical hairstyles, but later changed his mind. He then found inspirations from other Gossip Girl characters as well as actresses Amber Stevens West and Ariana Grande, the latter of whom was how she acted in the teen sitcom Victorious rather than her current pop singer image. He also referenced Keri Hilson and Alicia Keys. Victorious was also the inspiration for some of the key visuals he used in promoting the series to get funding.

Early promotions of the series pictured the antagonist named Gromar to be an evil uncle of Iris who imprisoned the king and queen, and that he sent his two evil twin nephews to Earth to thwart Lolirock and take the gems. Paxson said that they abandoned the idea as it would have made him more of a stereotype. Todesco originally conceived of antagonists Praxina and Mephisto to have guitar playing sound powers that would counter the girls' singing voice powers but the idea was abandoned. After several iterations, Praxina's final design was approved where she would have a butterfly brooch and motif, while Mephisto's was approved later, after director Jean-Louis had suggested he have a snake motif and a half-covered face. Eventually Gramorr would have the covered face,

The design for the crystal magic circles and related animation was first done in 2D based on some reference pictures. Different colours and symbols were assigned to each character. It was later created in CGI. Animation tools used include Toon Boom Harmony, Adobe After Effects, and Blender.

Lyna and Carissa were created in response to a request from the producers when the writing for season 1 was nearing completion. The request was to add two new princesses to increase the member count to five. However, the LoliRock developers thought they already had too many characters so they made Lyna and Carissa supporting characters that were "outside the main gang but always ready and willing to help when needed". The two girls' transformations resemble Sailor Uranus and Sailor Neptune. The designers considered making one of the two girls look Asian to balance out the overall group's look; they applied the look to both girls, and chose Lyna. There was also a concern that Carissa might be confused with Auriana as the show's redhead, they decided to go with giving her an Irish redhead theme anyway.

Themes and writing
LoliRock head writer Madellaine Paxson, who had worked on children's shows Making Fiends, Power Rangers RPM as well as the horror film Blood Punch, described the themes of the show as: friendship and love, magic, singing / music, and good vs. evil. She said the hardest part in writing an episode is the beginning and also in integrating the themes along with a story with a person that needs help. Her favourite scenes from the show were where the princesses are together doing ordinary teenage girl things as they had opportunities for comedy. She summarised the show as having something for everybody, very girly, but good action too. In the press release, Zodiak Kids describe the show as having a "cast of characters that are aspirational role models for a generation of children for whom justice has become a core value". Jean-Louis Vandestoc chose a band concept for the series as it was different from his other shows which involved characters that went to school and then saved the world. The school part was replaced by the girls training or rehearsing for the concert. The developers later commented in their production blog FAQ that Iris was still attending school and that the episodes aren't all during summer vacation.

According to posts on the production Tumblr, LoliRock is classified as somewhere between a script-driven and storyboard-driven show. They started with a full script and then recorded lines with scratch voices or final voices, as re-recording after storyboarding would be costlier. The storyboard is then worked on, and some of the storyboard artists and supervisor adding and changing things they felt were important such as with the kiss scene in the Shanila episode and the Iris becoming a dark princess. Storyboard stage also included fixes for continuity and plot holes.

Music and voice-over
The music score was composed and produced by Norbert "Yellowshark" Gilbert, with about 600 tracks over the course of the 52 26-minute episodes. Five recurring songs (including the theme song) were recorded for each season. Due to limited resources in production, the team posted that Iris would be the only one singing on those songs, so they recorded Yasmin Shah in English and then developed the music videos. After realising that it would be unnatural for the other girls to not sing, they designed Iris to have a microphone while the others would just sing along. They considered recording singing for Talia and Auriana but were constrained by budget. Cassandre Berger provided the singing on the French dub. The voices were then mixed. As the dialogue was done later, the voice actors only sang on the incidental bits such as rehearsals.

The episodes were written and dubbed in English first and then adapted into French. For season 1, the English voices were recorded at Vida Spark Productions in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, while the French voices were recorded at Lylo studios in Paris, France.

Marketing and promotion
Zodiak Media announced LoliRock in April 2013 at the MIPTV event in Cannes, France. Early promotions included the idea of princesses with magical singing voices. The demographic target audience is girls ages 6 to 12, and the group has partnered with France Televisions and Disney Channel France. Marathon Media CEO Vincent Chalvron-Demersay and general manager David Michel said that "LoliRock is a fresh, contemporary take on what it is to be a girl today, infused with music and magical adventures and the all-important notion of justice in today's teenage world. It's a perfect companion piece to Totally Spies!, which has been so successful in this same space." In comparing the promotion of the show to that of Totally Spies!, Zodiak senior vice-president Patricia de Wilde said that Zodiak made sure the premise was made clear for the new show.

The five songs were publicised as music videos on YouTube. Plans were also made to create live-action LoliRock bands in various markets, such as Super TV's contest held online and among major cities in Italy. A website was launched with videos, games, and message boards. Promotional toys were also offered at Quick restaurants as well as McDonald's. An app was developed for the music which Zodiak senior vice-president Patricia de Wilde said was a "sort of cross between K-Pop and Katy Perry."

Broadcast
The show premiered on France 3 on 18 October 2014. running for 13 episodes until March 2015. On 26 January 2016, Zodiak Kids published an article officially announcing that BatteryPOP had acquired AVOD (streaming) rights to LoliRock for one year.

On 1 April, France Televisions announced the release of episodes on France 4, and Disney France. Zodiak also reported that Italy would launch LoliRock on De Agostini Editore's Super! DTT channel. France 4 began broadcasting the 13 episodes on 4 April 2016. On 1 May, the first season of the series was released on Netflix, in the United States, Canada, United Kingdom and Australia.

The LoliRock producers pre-released the four episodes of season 2 on YouTube in December 2016.  Netflix released the English dub of the season 2 episodes on 5 January 2017. It was broadcast on France 4 in February with two episodes per weekday.

In the United States, the show premiered on the streaming service Netflix in 2016 with an English language track and the second season premiered on the service in 2017. In 2020, Amazon's Prime Video service acquired the show.

Reception
Ella Anders of BSC Kids wrote that LoliRock "plays it clear as a magical girl series and even nods other iconic shows in the genera" such as Pretty Cure and Sailor Moon, but that it is "grand in its own right and should be held up as a great magical girl series". She liked the diverse cast, plot, humor, and background story, the last of which she had not seen since Friendship Is Magic, and that it was a type of show she would have loved growing up.

Heather Newman of Forbes magazine described the series as "A French animated series about an impossibly thin, stylish, magical girl who sings."

Emily Ashby of Common Sense Media described the series as "fun" and "entertaining." However, she argued that the dual storyline feels "little awkward and forced at times" and if promoting the music of the show is a motivation for these storylines. Even so, she concluded tat the series would "garner some fans among kids."

When asked whether LoliRock would have a cross-over episode with French superhero show Miraculous: Tales of Ladybug & Cat Noir from Zagtoon, Thomas Astruc, who was the creator and director on Miraculous and a storyboarder on LoliRock, said it was unlikely given they are from two different production companies, but that the animation community is small and that both companies share the same love of animation. He has posted about the two being cousin shows.

Other media
A LoliRock video game, available on iOS and Android, was released by Bulkypix in 2014.  The game lets players sing to the songs featured on the show, record performances, and customise a sound studio and pick the girls' outfits.

Zodiak has also worked a deal with publishing company Hachette Jeunesse to create novels, activity books, stationery, and e-books.

Notes

References

External links

2010s French animated television series
2014 French television series debuts
Animated musical groups
Anime-influenced Western animated television series
English-language television shows
French children's animated action television series
French children's animated comedy television series
French children's animated fantasy television series
French children's animated musical television series
French-language television shows
Magical girl television series
Television series about princesses
Television series by Banijay
Teen animated television series


title: The Workshop School

text:
The Workshop School is a project based school in the city of Philadelphia and one of the ten Citywide Admission school of The School District of Philadelphia

References

School District of Philadelphia


title: The Verificationist

text:
The Verificationist is a 2000 novel by American author Donald Antrim. The novel follows the conversations, fantasies, and the emotionally dissociated states of a group of psychoanalysts gathered during a nocturnal pancake supper.  The narrator’s predilection for starting food fights and instigating mayhem leads Bernhardt, the most grotesque and overbearing from among his colleagues, to hold him around his midsection almost for the duration of the novel while the narrator (named 'Tom') hallucinates himself hovering over the crowd.   The New York Times called it, "A Freudian free-for-all," and George Saunders hailed it as, "one of the most pleasure-giving, perverse, complicated, and addictive novels in the past 20 years," in his article for Salon, which later became the book's introduction.

Plot summary

The Verificationist is set in early spring in an undisclosed New England city, at a pancake house where Tom—the novel's protagonist—has called together his fellow psychologists from the Krakower Institute for their biannual pancake supper.  The conversations amongst the psychotherapists at these biannual pancake dinners are generally dedicated to “the seemingly everlasting task of reconciling classical metapsychology to our particular branch of Self/Other Friction Theory.”    The narrative may be divided into three levels: what is happening in the diner, what is happening in Tom's "transient psychotic state", and what he imagines his wife, Jane, is doing at home.

In the diner, the insecurities and neuroses of the psychotherapists in attendance are on display in their conversations, as interpreted by the relentlessly psychoanalyzing voice of the narrator.  Tom attempts to start a food-fight, and the "patriarchal" Bernhardt lifts him into air, gripping him in a bear-hug. When Berhardt lifts Tom into the air, Tom experiences a sudden dissociative state, in which he imagines himself floating along the ceiling of the restaurant. Tom remains in this suspended state for the remainder of the novel.

In Tom's "transient psychotic state" he is floating on the ceiling, with the obese Bernhardt trailing along behind him as a silent, psychologically symbolic patriarch.  As the evening progresses, more of the characters join Tom and Bernhardt's hallucinatory flotilla: the waitress, the alcoholic Psychoanalyst Sherwin Lang, and the postdoctoral student who is in love with Lang.  The question as to whether the hallucination Tom is having is a collective hallucination, shared by the other psychoanalysts, remains ambiguous throughout the narrative.

Tom imagines his wife, Jane, (who is at home throughout the novel's action) committing various infidelities.  Tom imagines Jane having a variety of sexual experiences both with himself and with other men.  The difficult subject of their childlessness is a theme in his fantasies.

Style

The style Antrim deployed in his trilogy (of which The Verificationist is the concluding volume)  is a mode of surrealism which resembles both magical realism and hysterical realism.  The Verificationist's diction, in particular, may be characterized as being replete with the kind of psychoanalytic jargon that is the natural idiom of the book's psychoanalytic narrator, Tom.

The Title

It is unclear why Antrim chose to title this work The Verificationist as there is no clear link between the attitudes of the narrator and the philosophical movement from the early 20th century known as Verificationism.

References

American magic realism novels
Postmodern novels


title: Wayne Gates

text:
Wayne J. Gates  is a Canadian politician who has represented Niagara Falls in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario since 2014. A member of the Ontario New Democratic Party (NDP), he was elected in a February 2014 by-election in and would be re-elected in subsequent general elections.

Background
Prior to entering provincial politics, Gates was a city councillor for the City of Niagara Falls, and president of a Unifor local in the Niagara Falls, Ontario. He also served as the campaign chair for the United Way, was a member the Yellow Shirt Brigade to save the Fort Erie hospital, member of the city's recreation committee, Project Share volunteer, and member of the Ontario Health Coalition.

Political career
Gates ran as the federal New Democratic Party's candidate in Niagara Falls in the 2004 federal election and the 2006 federal election finishing third both times.

He was elected as a city councillor in Niagara Falls, Ontario in 2010. In February 2014, he was elected in a provincial by-election in the riding of Niagara Falls. He defeated Progressive Conservative candidate Bart Maves by 962 votes. He was re-elected in the 2014 provincial election defeating PC candidate Bart Maves by 7,424 votes. Gates is the only New Democrat in history to be re-elected in the Niagara Falls riding and holds the record for highest vote tally of any candidate ever in the Niagara Falls provincial riding, at 24,123 votes. He surpassed that record in 2018 by winning 30,161 votes.

Gates has served in several critic portfolio roles as part of the Ontario NDP caucus, including Transportation, Economic Development, and Consumer Services. He is currently one of the Official Opposition's critics for labour issues in the caucus and is the lead critic for worker's health & safety issues.

In 2016, he scored a major victory by winning unanimous support for his motion to address lengthy wait times for MRI services in Niagara. He continues to advocate for healthcare issues, is a major proponent for the building of the New Niagara Falls Hospital, and has tabled legislation for universal coverage for PSA testing in Ontario.

Electoral record

|align="left" colspan=2|N.D.P. gain from Liberal
|align="right"|Swing
|align="right"|  +14.82%

References

External links

Trade unionists from Ontario
Living people
New Democratic Party candidates for the Canadian House of Commons
Niagara Falls, Ontario city councillors
Ontario New Democratic Party MPPs
21st-century Canadian politicians
Year of birth missing (living people)


title: Mahakam Ulu Regency

text:
Mahakam Ulu Regency is a regency (kabupaten) in the province of East Kalimantan, Indonesia. It covers an area of 15,315 km2. The regency was established on 14 December 2012, partitioned from West Kutai Regency. The districts now forming the regency held a combined population of 24,994 at the 2010 Census; the population for the new regency at the 2020 Census was 32,513; the official estimate as at mid 2022 was 33,535 (comprising 17,798 males and 15,737 females). The administrative capital is at Ujoh Bilang.

Administrative districts
The regency is divided into five districts (kecamatan), tabulated below with their areas and their populations at the 2010 Census and 2020 Census, together with the official estimates as at mid 2022.
Notable villages include the twin villages of Tiong Ohang and Tiong Bu'u in Long Apari District. The table also includes the locations of the district administrative centres, the number of villages (desa) in each district, and its post code.

References


title: Juni Chakma

text:
Juni Chakma () is a Bangladeshi national women Kabaddi player who was part of the team that won the bronze medal at the 2010 Asian Games and 2014 Asian Games.

References

External links
 Women's sports in Bangladesh

Living people
Place of birth missing (living people)
Asian Games medalists in kabaddi
Kabaddi players at the 2010 Asian Games
Bangladeshi kabaddi players
Kabaddi players at the 2014 Asian Games
Female kabaddi players
Asian Games bronze medalists for Bangladesh
Medalists at the 2010 Asian Games
Year of birth missing (living people)
Medalists at the 2014 Asian Games


title: Southwest Florida College

text:
Southwest Florida College (SWFC) was a private career training college in Florida. It has campuses in Fort Myers, Tampa and Port Charlotte, as well as a "learning site" in Bonita Springs. In 2014, Southern Technical College Suncoast LLC, acquired these campuses and changed the name to Southern Technical College. Currently, these campuses offer Bachelor's, Associate's and diploma programs on campus and online.

External links
Southwest Florida College Web site

Defunct private universities and colleges in Georgia (U.S. state)
Education in Fort Myers, Florida
Education in Tampa, Florida
Education in Charlotte County, Florida
Education in Lee County, Florida
1974 establishments in Florida


title: Dupont Circle Building

text:
The Dupont Circle Building is a landmark art deco building on the south end of Dupont Circle in Washington DC. The entrance is on 1350 Connecticut Avenue NW.

Overview

The building was designed by architect Mihran Mesrobian, originally as an apartment building, and completed in 1931. In 1942 it was converted to offices. By October 1944, it had become the head office of the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration, which would remain there until its end in the late 1940s. At that time the main entrance was numbered 1344 Connecticut Avenue NW, which was later changed to 1350.

The American Institute of Architects's guide to the architecture of Washington DC assesses the Dupont Circle Building's bas-relief ornament as "genius" and judges that in respect of the interplay between ornament and geometry, "it outdoes New York's famous Flatiron Building."

By 2023, the tip of the building facing Dupont Circle was the location of a Krispy Kreme store, and one of the building's main tenants was the Gault Center.

See also
 Hay–Adams Hotel
 The St. Regis Washington, D.C.

References

External links

Dupont Circle
Embassy Row


title: Pan Hai-tian

text:
Pan Haitian is a Chinese science fiction author. He was born in 1975 and is part of the "third generation" of Chinese sci-fi writers. His books include Run, Dajiao, Run about a boy in search of medicine and City of Clones which deals with human nature. Lauren Hilgers of Wired called him "one of China's most thoughtful- and cynically funny- sci-fi writers."

References

1975 births
Chinese science fiction writers
Living people


title: Poemss

text:
Poemss is the debut studio album by Poemss. Poemss is a musical project from Toronto-based producer and music artist Joanne Pollock in collaboration with Aaron Funk, who is best known for recording music as Venetian Snares. After initially meeting each other in Europe, Joanne visited Aaron at his studio and played her music for him. A collaboration between the two happened soon after. 'Poemss' was released in February 2014 under Planet Mu Records.

Track list

References

2014 albums
Planet Mu albums


title: Race 3

text:
Race 3 is a 2018 Indian Hindi-language action crime film directed by Remo D'Souza and Written by Kiran Kotrial and Shiraz Ahmed, produced under Tips Industries and Salman Khan Films. The film features Anil Kapoor, Salman Khan, Bobby Deol, Jacqueline Fernandez, Daisy Shah, Saqib Saleem and Freddy Daruwala. It is the final installment of Race film series which started with Race in 2008 and Race 2 in 2013, but has a loosely related plot to the previous films.

Race 3 was released on 15 June 2018 coinciding with Eid. It received mostly negative reviews, with criticism for its script, plot, casting, music and action sequences . Despite negative reviews, it has a successful box office collection collecting  in India and approximately  worldwide. It became the 44th highest grossing Indian film of all time.

Plot

Shamsher Singh is a powerful Indian arms dealer in Abu Dhabi and owns a private island, Al-Shifa, for trading arms. Sikander Singh is Shamsher's stepson, who is also known by his pet name 'Sikku'. Yash, Shamsher's assistant, is a close associate at Shamsher's empire, and Raghuvendra "Raghu" Singh, is the personal assistant and close confidante to Shamsher. In a flashback scene, it is revealed that Rana Singha is Shamsher's business rival, who creates problems for Shamsher's family and his business. As Sanjana and Sooraj, Shamsher's children, reach 25 years old, their family lawyer explains their deceased mother's will. As per the will, the twins are entitled to 50% of the property and 50% of the shares as joint partners (25% each), and the remaining 50% for Sikander. This disparity causes the twins to hate Sikander even more as Shamsher preferred Sikander more than the twins. Shamsher tells both of them that Sikander is the son of Shamsher's elder brother, Ranchor Singh, who was actually CEO of Al-Shifa.

In a flashback, that portrays the Handia village of the 1970s, the history of the Singh family is depicted. Both the Singh brothers used to supply weapons to Indian army. Local politicians of Handia asked them for illegal weapons, to which Ranchor refused. His refusal caused a rivalry with a local politician, Gajendra Pathak. One day, during an ambush on an arms truck which was owned by Ranchor's company, Vijendra's son Narendra was killed by Ranchor. Then Ranchor died when his car was blown-up by a bomb. The arms company owned by the Singh family was then declared to be an anti-state organization and accused of supplying weapons to terrorists. Shamsher sent Sikander to Beijing for studies and took Sikander's widowed mother Sumitra to Al-Shifa. After a year, the twins were born.

In present-day Al-Shifa, one night, Yash talks about his girlfriend. Sikander reveals that in Beijing, he fell in love with a girl named Jessica who severed ties with him. Shamsher's childhood friend Brijmohan tells him that his friend's hotel was used by politicians for their lascivious motives where all the activity was captured on a spy video camera and stored on a hard disk. The hard disk was kept in a bank locker in Cambodia. Shamsher appoints Sikander to recover of the hard disk, and he promises to get the disk. The next day, during a party, it is revealed that Jessica is actually Yash's girlfriend. Sikander and Jessica meet privately in the security room. The next day, Sooraj and Sanjana, who had recorded the Sikander-Jessica meet, screen the video to Yash. A furious Yash goes to Jessica's apartment and finds Sikander present with her. Sikander later tells him that both of their past interactions with Jessica were planned by Sooraj and Sanjana, as part of their plan to destroy Sikander. Yash teams up with Sikander against the twins but pretends to be with the twins as well. Sikander, the twins, Yash and Jessica, execute the mission to recover the hard disk.

After retrieving the hard disk, Shamsher eliminates Sikander by planting explosives in his car and heads to a conference with the politicians whose objectionable videos were stored on the disk. Shamsher tells of Sikander's death to the politicians, in the presence of the twins. He then plugs the hard disk and is shocked to find out that the disk was not the original one. Rather, it only contained a video, self-filmed by Sumitra before her death, in which she reveals the truth that Ranchor was killed by Shamsher, and the twins were Ranchor's kids. Sikander arrives, and reveals that he knew that Shamsher killed his dad, but kept it a secret for ten years and had been pretending to be loyal to Shamsher. Shamsher reveals that Yash is his real son to the twins before beating them up and before Sikander's arrival. After a fight in the desert between Sikander and Yash, Sikander demolishes Shamsher's entire army and makes both Yash and Shamsher surrender to Jessica who happens to be an Interpol officer. The arrested father-son duo are flown to their native village Handia.

In the climax, Sikander reveals that he had been planning events along all and revealed all the plans and secrets to the twins and Jessica. Shamsher is seen bribing a police officer, while Yash is seen to be toning his body inside the prison cell. Sikander, reuniting with his twin siblings in Al-Shifa, reveals the plot of handing over the original hard disks to Jessica. Sikander makes a metaphorical statement and calls himself the "Tiger" of a new race as he refuses to elaborate.

Cast
 Anil Kapoor as Shamsher Singh: Ranchor's brother; Sumitra's second husband; Sikander, Suraj and Sanjana's uncle; Yash's father
 Salman Khan as Sikander "Sikku" Singh: Sumitra and Ranchor's elder son; Suraj and Sanjana's brother
 Bobby Deol as Yash Singh: Shamsher's son
 Jacqueline Fernandez as Interpol officer Jessica Gomes: Sikander's love interest
 Daisy Shah as Sanjana Singh: Sumitra and Ranchor's daughter; Sikander and Suraj's sister
 Saqib Saleem as Suraj Singh: Sumitra and Ranchor's younger son; Sikander and Sanjana's brother
 Sharat Saxena as Raghuvendra "Raghu" Sinha: Bodyguard of Singh Family
 Freddy Daruwala as Rana Vijay Singh: Shamsher's enemy and later partner
 Rajesh Sharma as Brijesh Mohan Gandhi: Shamsher's childhood friend
 Nishigandha Wad as Sumitra Singh: Ranchor's widow; Shamsher's second wife; Sikandar, Sanjana and Suraj's mother
 Milind Gunaji as Ranchor Singh: Shamsher's brother; Sumitra's first husband; Sikander, Sanjana and Suraj's father
 Narendra Jha as Interpol officer Vikram Khanna
 Chaitanya Kanhai as Narendra Pathak: Gajendra's son
 B. K. Tiwari as Gajendra Pathak: Narendra's father and a politician in Handia

Production

Development
In the year 2015, it was confirmed by director-duo Abbas–Mustan that a third instalment in the Race franchise was being planned with Saif Ali Khan returning in the lead role. In 2016, it was reported that producer Ramesh Taurani had approached Salman Khan for Race 3 but he refused to do the film and asked Taurani to make some changes in the script. This report was confirmed to be true by Khan himself at the Trailer launch event of the film on 15 May 2018. In August 2017, it was reported that Khan had agreed to be a part of Race 3 on the condition that choreographer-turned-director Remo D'Souza would direct the film. In August 2017, it was reported that Saif had decided not to be a part of the film as he was opposed to the idea of him playing a parallel lead to Salman. After media reports surfaced about Katrina Kaif, Jacqueline Fernandez and Deepika Padukone being considered for the female lead opposite Khan, it was confirmed during August 2017 that Fernandez had been finalised for the role. To prepare for the action sequences that she had to do in the film, Fernandez underwent extensive training in Mixed martial arts (MMA).

Filming
The shooting of Race 3 began on 9 November 2017 at the Mehboob Studios in Mumbai. The filming of Race 3 moved to Bangkok in Thailand for its second schedule where they filmed a song and an action sequence, which was choreographed by Anal Arasu, at the Floating Market and Rose Garden as well as the jungles of Kanchanaburi Province. After finishing the shoot in Thailand, the team reached Abu Dhabi for its next schedule. The shooting schedule in Abu Dhabi lasted for 35 days where filming was done at Emirates Palace, Yas Viceroy Abu Dhabi, The St. Regis Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi National Exhibition Centre, Emirates Steel and the Liwa Desert. The action sequences in Abu Dhabi were choreographed by Tom Struthers, who has previously worked on movies like Inception, The Dark Knight and Dunkirk. For its next schedule, the film unit moved to Kashmir and later on to Ladakh where Salman Khan and Jacqueline Fernandez filmed a romantic song. During the shooting, Khan was convicted in the Blackbuck poaching case on 5 April 2018 by a Jodhpur Sessions Court, as a result of which the remaining patchwork of the film was completed in Jaisalmer, Rajasthan instead of Abu Dhabi because the film was running behind its schedule and Jaisalmer had a landscape similar to that of Abu Dhabi.

Soundtrack
The music of the film is composed by Meet Bros, JAM8, Vishal Mishra, Vicky-Hardik, Shivay Vyas, and Gurinder Seagal, while the lyrics are penned by Salman Khan, Kumaar, Hardik Acharya, Shabbir Ahmed, Shloke Lal, Shivay Vyas, Shanky, Rimi Nique, Kunaal Vermaa and Raja Kumari. The background score is composed by Salim–Sulaiman. The songs featured in the film are sung by Atif Aslam, Iulia Vantur, Deep Money, Neha Bhasin, Kamaal Khan, Amit Mishra, Jonita Gandhi, Sreerama Chandra, Raja Kumari, Mika Singh, Salman Khan, Veera Saxena, Shivai Vyas, Gurinder Seagal, Payal Dev and Vishal Mishra. The first song of the film titled as "Heeriye", which is sung by Deep Money, Neha Bhasin and Kamaal Khan was released on 18 May 2018. The second song of the film to be released was "Selfish", which is sung by Atif Aslam and Iulia Vantur and was released on 25 May 2018. The third song of the film, "Allah Duhai Hai", which is sung by Amit Mishra, Jonita Gandhi, Sreerama Chandra and rapped by Raja Kumari was released on 1 June 2018. The fourth track, "Party Chale On", which is sung by Mika Singh and Iulia Vantur, was released on 8 June 2018. The album of the film was released by Tips Music on 12 June 2018.

Reception

Critical response

Rachit Gupta of The Times of India gave the film 2/5 stars and said, "Race 3 just doesn't work up the feeling of suspense and intrigue that made the previous masala movies from the franchise a guilty pleasure". Rohit Vats of Hindustan Times gave film 1/5 stars and called it a "mere show-reel....Best directed, with a ridiculous plot and sub-par acting, this is a new high for the superstar..... It's really difficult to sit through 160-minutes of terribly very good film-making". Rajeev Masand of News18, too, gave it 1/5 star and said the film is "complete drivel".

Although Meena Iyer of DNA praised introduction of characters, she still criticised the film saying, "Race 3 is boasting of being an intelligible film which has been made to clear the cobwebs in your mind", and rated the film 2/5. Anita Iyer of Khaleej Times gave it 1.5/5 and felt that the film short growth of expectations. Swetha Ramakrishan of Firstpost called it "funny, kitschy and audacious".

Film Companion's film critic Anupama Chopra gave it 2/5 stars saying that the storytelling was sacrificed at the altar of Salman Khan. Joe Laydon of Variety wrote about the film, "This in-name-only Bollywood sequel delivers fast and furious action, spirited song and dance, but way too many narrative speed bumps". Saibal Chaterjee of NDTV gave the film 1.5/5 stars praising its climax, and calling the rest "clue stuntman". Shreehari H of Qrius remarked the film to be one of the worst films of the year where Salman Khan seemed to be rather like a pterodactyl whose airborne exploits would have shamed many winged dinosaurs.

Sukanya Verma of Rediff.com gave no stars to the film and wrote, "Race 3 doesn't merely demand you to leave your brains behind but guarantees you won't find them anywhere even after the ordeal is over". Priyadarshini Patya of MensXP.com rated the film 1/5 and said, "Race 3 is just Salman Khan's business, none of the viewers' business". Sonal Dehdia of Mid-Day gave the film 1/5 stars and said, "There are two pehlus (aspects) to this film too – first, it is atrocious and second, it will mint money at the box-office nonetheless". Dhavesh Sharma of Filmfare gave the film 3/5 stars and wrote, "A dysfunctional, ultra rich family, shady deals, fast cars, high speed chases, sassy women, macho men and enough plot twists to make Abbas Mustan go groggy with delight, Race 3 has all these and more'.

Bollywood Hungama gave the film 2/5 stars and write, "On the whole, RACE 3 is high on style and low on substance". Ritika Handoo of Zee News, giving it 2.5/5 stars, said, "the action thriller lacks depth". Namrata Joshi of The Hindu criticized the film as a "compendium of inanities" and that the songs resembled standalone music videos. Shilpa Jamkhandikar of Reuters described the film as "a minefield of meme-worthy moments, replete with hilarious dialogue, a plot ripe for parody and abysmal acting". Umesh punwani of Koimoi gave the film 2/5 stars and said, "On the whole Race 3 is not entirely unentertaining but it is majorly disappointing". Manjusha Radhakrishan of Gulf News gave the film 1.5/5 stars and called it "doomed adventure".

Stutee Gosh of The Quint gave the film 1/5 stars and said "The moments of lull are so many in this 159-minute-long Race 3 that we develop a strange detachment from the on-screen proceedings". Suprana Sharma of Deccan Chronicle gave the film 1/5 stars calling it " a slow, dim-witted crawl to nowhere". Rohit Bhatnagar of Deccan Chronicle noted it to be an ''illogical yawn-fest'', located too distant from reality and as Salman's worst act, ever. Nandini Ramnath of Scroll.in criticized the film and noted that ''Even die-hard fans will find the going tough....Remo, (who) appears to have been too much in awe of his leading man to have actually given him any basic instructions on the sets....''. Udita Jhunjhunwala of Livemint noted it to be a long film completely devoid of any minimal science or logic and with shoddy dance routines grooved on pedestrian lyrics.

Tanul Thakur of Wire.in noted the film to be a garden variety shoddy joke, suffocated with numerous out-of-sync twists, disregarding logic, flow, and consistency. Priyanka Bhadani of the Week.in gave the film 1/5 stars noting it to a logic defying bad spoof of a spoof with a cringe-worthy script and where Salman Khan got reduced to a caricature of his real life persona.

The film made to multiple lists for being one of the worst films of the year with one remarking it to have "insulted the audience's intelligence".

Box office

Domestic
The film released on 4300 screens and collected  285.0 million on opening day in India becoming one of the biggest opener of the year. The film became Salman Khan's 4th highest opening day grosser collecting approximately , after Prem Ratan Dhan Payo, Tiger Zinda Hai, and Sultan.

Overseas
On opening day, the film collected US$127,510 () from 49 screens in Australia, US$68,779 () from 27 screens in New Zealand, US$337,080 () from 137 screens in the United Kingdom, US$477,511 () from 281 screens in the United States, and US$10,371 () from 6 screens in Canada.

On second day the film collected US$143,302 () from 51 screens in Australia, US$77,619 () from 30 screens in New Zealand, US$412,036 () from 136 screens in the UK, US$512,914 () from 283 screens in the United States and US$9,230 () from 5 screens in Canada. On the first Sunday, the film collected US$45,905 () from 28 screens in Australia and US$71,217 () from 26 screens in New Zealand. In 4 days, the film grossed  overseas.

The film was temporarily banned by the Pakistan Central Board of Film Censors so that four big banner Pakistani films and other smaller regional language releases on Eid do good business without competition from Bollywood movies at the box office.

References

External links

2018 films
2018 3D films
Indian 3D films
Indian auto racing films
Indian action thriller films
Films shot in Abu Dhabi
Indian sequel films
Films shot in Bangkok
Films shot in Thailand
Films produced by Salman Khan
Films scored by Salim–Sulaiman
Films shot in Ladakh
2010s Hindi-language films
Films distributed by Yash Raj Films
2018 action thriller films
Films directed by Remo D'Souza
Film censorship in Pakistan
Films set in Beijing
Films set in Cambodia
Films set in Uttar Pradesh
Films about Interpol
Indian Army in films


title: Shahnaz Parvin Maleka

text:
Shahnaz Parvin Maleka () is a Bangladeshi national women Kabaddi player who was part of the team that won the bronze medal at the 2010 Asian Games and 2014 Asian Games. She is the captain of national side.

References

External links
 Women's sports in Bangladesh
 Bronze challenges

Living people
Place of birth missing (living people)
Asian Games medalists in kabaddi
Kabaddi players at the 2010 Asian Games
Kabaddi players at the 2014 Asian Games
Bangladeshi kabaddi players
Female kabaddi players
Asian Games bronze medalists for Bangladesh
Medalists at the 2010 Asian Games
Year of birth missing (living people)
Medalists at the 2014 Asian Games
Kabaddi players at the 2018 Asian Games