title: Manny Montana

text:
Manny Montana (born September 26, 1983) is an American actor.

Early life and education
Manny Montana was born and raised in Long Beach, California. After graduating from Jordan High School, Montana got a football scholarship to California State University Sacramento, but quit after an arm injury and dislocating his shoulder for the eighth time. He transferred to California State University, Long Beach to major in Journalism and Broadcasting. He worked as a DJ in the school's student-radio station, which landed him an intern position at Power 100.3. He is a first generation Mexican-American.

Career
After graduating in 2006, Montana acted in a number of student films which eventually led him to guest star in single episodes of various television series. In 2012, Montana was cast as Johnny "J.T." Turturro in Graceland. In regards to fan reaction to the show, he stated: "Being cast on a regular procedural, where everything gets wrapped up by the end of the episode was always a fear of mine because that doesn't really test you as an actor. On this show, every week we're playing somebody different, there's great dialogue, I love my co-stars, it's fun to be at work and I think the fans are seeing that. Regardless of whether they like the show or not, I think they like the cast and the dynamic we have together."

In 2015, Montana appeared in Michael Mann's Blackhat as Lozano, a "wanted criminal". Montana auditioned for a lead role and did not receive it, but got offered a supporting role.( for example goodgirls)

From 2018 to 2021, he was a member of the main cast of Good Girls as Rio. The show was cancelled after four seasons. In 2021, Montana appeared in one episode of the television show All American, portraying coach Dante Smart. In April 2022, it was announced that Montana would join season four of the show Mayans M.C., as a member of the Yuma Mayans.

Personal life
Montana is married to Adelfa Marr, with whom he has one child. Marr is a life coach providing services digitally. The couple keeps their life private and their child away from the public.

Filmography

References

External links

 Manny Montana on Instagram

21st-century American male actors
American male television actors
American male film actors
American male voice actors
Living people
Male actors from Long Beach, California
American male actors of Mexican descent
1983 births
California State University, Long Beach alumni


title: List of Archibald Prize 2014 finalists

text:
This is a list of finalists for the 2014 Archibald Prize for portraiture. As the images are copyrighted, an external link to an image has been listed where available (listed is Artist – Title).

Abdul Abdullah – I wanted to paint him as a mountain (Portrait of Richard Bell)
Michael Bales – Butchered (Self-portrait)
Mike Barnard – You beautiful fighter (Portrait of his mother Judy)
Phillip Barnes – Anna Meares
Jason Benjamin – I just wanna dream (Portrait of Tim Rogers)
Kate Beynon – Sangeeta and Fuji (Portrait of Sangeeta Sandrasegar)
Natasha Bieniek – Isola (Self-portrait)
Joanna Braithwaite – Bright spark (Portrait of Colleen McCullough)
Jandamarra Cadd – Proud (Portrait of Archie Roach)
Mitch Cairns – Reg Richardson AM
Eliza Cameron – Nice shootin' cowboy (Portrait of Anson Cameron)
Peter Churcher – Four self-portraits in a bunch of balloons (Self-portrait)
Samuel Rush Condon – What I would look like if I was John Safran (Portrait of John Safran)
Peter Daverington – The Golden City has ceased (Self-portrait)
Anh Do – Father (Portrait of his father Tam Do)
Michael Fairweather – Camilla (Portrait of Camilla Rountree)
Vincent Fantauzzo – All that's good in me (self-portrait as son Luca) (Portrait of his son Luca) (Winner of the People's Choice Award 2014) (Image)
Carla Fletcher – Dan Sultan
Juan Ford – Channelling WC Piguenit, startled by a spectacular sunset viewed through a canopy (part tribute to William Charles Piguenit, part self-portrait)
Joe Furlonger – Self-portrait at Moree (Self-portrait)
David Griggs – Not a sexpat idiot cowboy painting (Self-portrait)
Rebecca Hastings – The onesie (Self-portrait)
Sophia Hewson – Artist kisses subject (Self-portrait with Missy Higgins)
Alan Jones – Adam (Portrait of Adam Goodes)
Dapeng Liu – Portrait of Cao Yin on blue-and-green landscape (Portrait of Cao Yin)
Fiona Lowry – Penelope Seidler (Winner of the Archibald Prize 2014) (Image)
Mathew Lynn – Swing (after Fragonard, portrait of Ken Unsworth)
Tim Maguire – Cate, take 1 / Cate, take 2 (Portrait of Cate Blanchett)
Paul Mallam – The card player (Self-portrait)
Bridgette McNab – Grace (Portrait of Grace Hellyer)
Julian Meagher – John Waters – the clouds will cloud (Portrait of John Waters)
Andrew Mezei – Morpheus (Portrait of Kate Leslie)
Paul S Miller – Greg (Greg Warburton)
Paul Newton – Portrait of Frank Lowy AC
Mia Oatley – Real thing (Portrait of Tim Maguire)
Nicolee Payne – Fuifui Moimoi
Jason Phu – Evan on a Sunday morning at the gallery having a ginger tea with some old fat snoring man and some lady pushing someone's annoying crying baby around in a blue pram, and no, you can't smoke here mate (Portrait of Evan Hughes)
Evert Ploeg – John Schaeffer AO – art collector and philanthropist
Rodney Pople – Well dressed for a Sydney audience (Portrait of Barry Humphries)
James Powditch – Citizen Kave (Portrait of Nick Cave)
Troy Quinliven – Thinking of the next move (Portrait of Rodney Pople)
Jude Rae – Sarah Peirse
Sally Ross – Harvey (Portrait of Harvey Miller AO)
Paul Ryan – Rox (Portrait of Richard Roxburgh)
Wendy Sharpe – Mr Ash Flanders, actor
Mariola Smarzak – Wendy (Portrait of Wendy Arnold)
Tim Storrier – The Member, Dr Sir Leslie Colin Patterson KCB AO (portrait of Sir Les Patterson) (Winner of the Packing Room Prize 2014) (Image)
Martin Tighe – A familiar stranger (Portrait of Emma Ayers)
Mirra Whale – Tom Uren
Lee Wise – Zavros (Portrait of Michael Zavros)
Heidi Yardley – Julia deVille
Zoë Young – Torah Bright
Qiang Zhang – Here (Portrait of Yang Li)
Salvatore Zofrea – Ms Gladys Berejiklian MP

See also
Previous year: List of Archibald Prize 2013 finalists
Next year: List of Archibald Prize 2015 finalists
List of Archibald Prize winners

External links
Archibald Prize 2014 finalists official website

2014
Archibald
Archibald
Archibald Prize 2014
Archibald Prize 2014
Archibald


title: Baseball at the 1990 Asian Games

text:
Baseball was contested by four teams Chinese Taipei, Japan, South Korea and China as a demonstration sport at the 1990 Asian Games in Fengtai Softball Field, Beijing, China from 3 October to 5 October 1990.

Chinese Taipei won the competition with a 2–1 record. South Korea and Japan finished second and third with the same record, the host nation China finished last without winning a match.

Medalists

Results

References
 New Straits Times, October 9–15, 1990

External links
 www.ocasia.org

1990 Asian Games events
1990
Asian Games
1990 Asian Games
Baseball in Beijing


title: Wei-Ling Gallery

text:
Wei-Ling Gallery is a contemporary art gallery in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, founded in 2002 by Lim Wei-Ling. It is committed to the development of contemporary art in Malaysia, encourages passion for art, and supports the next generation of young emerging artists. The gallery has published over 121 art publications in Malaysia, which include exhibition catalogues, brochures, and artists' books.

The gallery and artists
The gallery focuses on contemporary art, with a specific focus on Malaysian art and culture. Through different programs and exhibitions each month, works are made by Malaysia's contemporary artists. The gallery also represents internationally acclaimed artists such as Pakistani sculptor Amin Gulgee, Rome-based conceptual artist H. H. Lim, information artist and bio-hacker Heather Dewey-Hagborg, surrealist photographer Roger Ballen, prolific painter Paresh Maity, Kurdish conceptual artist Ahmet Öğüt, London based visual artist and writer James Bridle, conceptual artist Paolo Cirio, Dadang Christanto, global agitator Anida Yoeu Ali, and German photographer Viktoria Binschtok.

Over the last two decades, Wei-Ling Gallery has held more than 232 exhibitions at its galleries in Malaysia and at exhibition spaces abroad. The Malaysian maestros of the arts scene that are represented by the gallery are Anurendra Jegadeva, Chen Wei Meng, Cheng Yen Pheng, Cheong Kiet Cheng, Chin Kong Yee, Choy Chun Wei, Hamidi Hadi, Ivan Lam, Norma Abbas, Rajinder Singh, Sean Lean, Wong Chee Meng, and Yau Bee Ling.

International recognition
Since 2006, Wei-Ling Gallery has been actively promoting Malaysian contemporary art on the international stage. Wei-Ling Gallery is the first Malaysian gallery that brought international spotlight to all of its represented artists. The gallery has since taken exhibitions to Pakistan, India, China, Hong Kong, Taiwan and Singapore. They also regularly participate in international art fairs such as Art Basel Hong Kong, Art Stage Singapore, Art Taipei, Art Jakarta, China International Gallery Exposition Beijing (CIGE), and Korean International Art Fair (KIAF). Wei-Ling Gallery and Malaysian contemporary artist Ivan Lam made their debut at Volta New York.

BIENNALE ARTE 2019
Malaysia’s inaugural national pavilion at the 58th International Art Exhibition of La Biennale in Venezia, Italy, in 2019 was curated by Lim Wei-Ling. The pavilion was commissioned by both the National Gallery of Malaysia and the Ministry of Tourism, Arts and Culture, featuring Anurendra Jegadeva, H.H.Lim, Ivan Lam and Zulkifli Yusoff.

WLG Incubator
The WLG Incubator Mentorship Program was launched in 2020.

WLG Incubator Young Artists Show 2023 :  Alicia Lau and Khabir Roslan

WLG Incubator Young Artists Show 2021 : Alya Hatta, Anwar Suhaimi and Shika

WLG Incubator Young Artists Show 2020 : Anas Afandi and Tang Tze Lye

Philanthropy and corporate collaboration
The gallery has worked closely with a number of corporations, including HSBC, United Overseas Bank (UOB), Hong Leong Bank, Nippon Paint, Bombay Sapphire, Glenmorangie, Royal Selangor, Allianz Insurance, Corum.

Architecture
Located in a pre-war building in the suburb of Brickfields, this area is one of the oldest settlements in Kuala Lumpur and is home to many residences, commercial entities, and religious structures of different denominations. The building, known to be a historical heritage and architectural landmark, was razed in a fire in 2004. It was then reconstructed by Malaysian architect Jimmy Lim, to house both Jimmy Lim Design (JLD). and Wei-Ling Gallery

References

External links
 Wei-Ling Gallery

2002 establishments in Malaysia
Art museums and galleries in Kuala Lumpur


title: Qullpa (Castilla)

text:
Qullpa (Aymara and Quechua for saltpeter, Hispanicized spelling Jollpa)  is a mountain in the Andes of Peru, about  high. It is situated in the Arequipa Region, Castilla Province, on the border of the districts Ayo and Uñón. Qullpa lies south of the mountain Yanqha.

See also
 Yanawara

References

Mountains of Peru
Mountains of Arequipa Region


title: Maqtaa al-Hajar

text:
Maqtaa al-Hajar () is a Syrian village located in the Subdistrict of the Hama District in the Hama Governorate. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Maqtaa al-Hajar had a population of 1,106 in the 2004 census.

References

Populated places in Hama District


title: Mubarakat

text:
Mubarakat () is a Syrian village located in the Subdistrict of the Hama District in the Hama Governorate. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Mubarakat had a population of 478 in the 2005 census.

References

Populated places in Hama District


title: Qamhana

text:
Qamhana (, also spelled Qomhane) is a Syrian town located in the Hama Subdistrict of the Hama District in Hama Governorate. It is situated immediately west of the Zayn al-Abidin Mountain. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Qamhana had a population of 13,228 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Sunni Muslims.

References

Populated places in Hama District


title: Qubaybat al-Assi

text:
Qubaybat al-Assi () is a Syrian village located in the Subdistrict of the Hama District in the Hama Governorate. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Qubaybat al-Assi had a population of 1,058 in the 2004 census.

References

Populated places in Hama District


title: Raabun

text:
Raabun () is a Syrian village located in the Subdistrict of the Hama District in the Hama Governorate. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Raabun had a population of 387 in the 2004 census.

References

Populated places in Hama District


title: Guardians of the Galaxy (soundtrack)

text:
Guardians of the Galaxy: Awesome Mix Vol. 1 (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) is the soundtrack album for the Marvel Studios film Guardians of the Galaxy. Featuring the songs present on Peter Quill's mixtape in the film, the album was released by Hollywood Records on July 29, 2014. A separate film score album, Guardians of the Galaxy (Original Score), composed by Tyler Bates,  was also released by Hollywood Records on the same date, along with a deluxe version featuring both albums. The soundtrack album reached number one on the US Billboard 200 chart, becoming the first soundtrack album in history consisting entirely of previously released songs to top the chart.

The album topped the Billboard Top Soundtracks chart for 11 consecutive weeks and 16 weeks in total. As of April 2017, it has sold over 1.75 million copies in the United States alone, and has been certified Platinum by the RIAA. The album was the US's second best-selling soundtrack album of 2014, behind Disney's Frozen.

Background
In August 2013 the film's director, James Gunn, posted on his Facebook page that Tyler Bates would be composing the film's score. Gunn stated that Bates will write some of the score first so that he can film to the music, as opposed to scoring to the film. In February 2014, Gunn revealed that the film would incorporate songs from the 1960s and 1970s, such as "Hooked on a Feeling", on a mixtape in Quill's Walkman, which acts as a way for him to stay connected to the Earth, home, and family he lost. In May 2014, Gunn added that using the songs from the 60s and 70s were "cultural reference points", saying, "It's striking the balance throughout the whole movie, through something that is very unique, but also something that is easily accessible to people at the same time. The music and the Earth stuff is one of those touchstones that we have to remind us that, yeah, [Quill] is a real person from planet Earth who's just like you and me. Except that he's in this big outer space adventure."

Guardians of the Galaxy: Awesome Mix Vol. 1 (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack)

Track listing

All songs—with the exception of "Spirit in the Sky", which is played in the trailer—are featured in the film. "Never Been to Spain" by Three Dog Night, "Magic" by Pilot, and "Livin' Thing" by Electric Light Orchestra were also used during filming; however, the scenes in which they were featured were cut from the final version of the film. "Wichita Lineman" by Glen Campbell and "Mama Told Me (Not to Come)" by Three Dog Night were originally considered for the film instead of "Moonage Daydream". "Fox on the Run" by Sweet and "Surrender" by Cheap Trick were also considered for the film. Both would be used for Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2s Awesome Mix Vol. 2.

Charts and certifications
By August 2014, Guardians of the Galaxy: Awesome Mix Vol. 1 had reached the top of the Billboard 200 chart, becoming the first soundtrack album consisting entirely of previously released songs to top the chart. By September 2014, Guardians of the Galaxy: Awesome Mix Vol. 1 was the second best-selling soundtrack album in the US with 426,000 copies sold at that time. The album was also the second soundtrack album released by Disney Music Group that year to reach No. 1 on the aforementioned chart. The album was certified Gold by the Recording Industry Association of America, eight weeks after its release. An exclusive vinyl LP edition of the soundtrack was also released on September 16, 2014. The vinyl LP has been sold 367,000 units till December, 2019; making the LP 3rd best-selling vinyl album of the decade. On November 28, 2014, the soundtrack got a limited edition cassette tape release exclusive to retailers associated with Record Store Day's Black Friday event, and is the first cassette release by Disney Music Group since 2003's Classic Disney: 60 Years of Musical Magic.
The soundtrack became the fifth best-selling album of 2014, selling a total of 898,000 copies that year.
In January 2015, the album was certified platinum by the RIAA. It has sold 1.75 million total copies in the United States, with 11,000 coming from cassette sales. Worldwide, Guardians of the Galaxy: Awesome Mix Vol. 1 sold over 2.5 million copies in 2014.

Charts

Certifications

Year-end charts

Decade-end charts

Guardians of the Galaxy (Original Score)

Track listing
All music composed by Tyler Bates.

Charts

References

2014 soundtrack albums
2010s film soundtrack albums
Concept albums
Tyler Bates soundtracks
Guardians of the Galaxy (film series)
Hollywood Records albums
Marvel Cinematic Universe: Phase Two soundtracks
Marvel Music compilation albums
Record Store Day releases


title: Samrah

text:
Samrah () is a Syrian village located in the Subdistrict of the Hama District in the Hama Governorate. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Samrah had a population of 1,018 in the 2004 census.

References

Populated places in Hama District


title: Sawa, Hama

text:
Sawa, Hama () is a Syrian village located in the Subdistrict of the Hama District in the Hama Governorate. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Sawa had a population of 546 in the 2004 census.

References

Populated places in Hama District


title: Safinah

text:
Safinah () is a Syrian village located in the Subdistrict of the Hama District in the Hama Governorate. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Safinah had a population of 432 in the 2004 census.

References

Populated places in Hama District


The Order of Military Merit José María Córdova () is an order granted by Colombia. Established by Decree 3950 of 28 December 1950, the order is awarded to members of the Army of Colombia who have excelled in discipline and military virtue, provided eminent services and fellowship, or for acts of courage.

Grades
The Order of Military Merit José María Córdova is awarded in the following grades:
 Grand Cross (Gran Cruz)
 Grand Officer (Gran Oficial)
 Commander (Comendador)
 Officer (Oficial)
 Knight (Caballero)
 Companion (Compañero)

References

External links
CAPÍTULO IV. CONDECORACIONES POR VIRTUDES MILITARES Y PROFESIONALES DE CARÁCTER EXCEPCIONAL DE LAS ÓRDENES Y SU CONSEJO.

Orders, decorations, and medals of Colombia


title: Tell Sikkin

text:
Tell Sikkin (, also known as Tell Sikkin Qa'dah) is a Syrian village located in the Mahardah Subdistrict of the Mahardah District in Hama Governorate. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Tell Sikkin had a population of 1,963 in the 2004 census.

Tell Sikkin was noted by Eli Smith in 1838.

References

Bibliography

Populated places in Mahardah District


title: Tishrin, Hama

text:
Tishrin () formerly known Rasm al Bagl () is a Syrian village located in the Subdistrict of the Hama District in the Hama Governorate. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Tishrin had a population of 392 in the 2004 census.

References

Populated places in Hama District


title: Head light

text:
Head light may refer to:
 Head Light, 1996 album by Trance Mission
 Headlight, a lamp attached to the front of a vehicle


title: Tuwaym

text:
Tuwaym () is a Syrian village located in the Hama Subdistrict of Hama District. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Tuwaym had a population of 1,428 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Sunni Muslims.

References

Bibliography

Populated places in Hama District


According to Stony Brook University, they have an undergraduate population of around 15,000 students. In order to create a sense of community, the Undergraduate Colleges of Stony Brook University were developed. These Undergraduate Colleges, or UGCs, function as smaller communities in the larger university and are themed so as to provide an academic aspect to students' individual interests.  They particularly invested in creating an enjoyable first-year student experience, but they also offer services to sophomores and upperclassmen. Notable programs offered are first-year advising, UGC themed events, and small seminar courses.

Undergraduate College Program
There are three themed undergraduate colleges. They are:
Creativity, Technology, and Innovation (CTI)
Social Justice, Equity, and Ethics (SJE)
Global Health, Wellness, and Community (GWC)

Each college has dedicated staff members who help students acclimate themselves to the university. Typically, there is a faculty member known as the Faculty Director of the college, whose purpose is to provide academic support to the UGC, two to three advisors, whose purpose is to plan the UGC's events and guide students academically, and an Assistant Director, whose purpose is to make sure the students are adjusting to living in student housing, since student's undergraduate college determines their housing placement.

Students choose their preference of Undergraduate College based on their interest (not major) when they are accepted to the university and are required to take two courses in their first year, one per semester, pertaining to their undergraduate college placement. These courses are generally known as SBU 101 and SBU 102, but are specific to each college.

First Year Seminar 101 and 102
The 101 course for each UGC is a 1 credit course that is typically 20 students large and is taught by a staff member related to the college (such as the undergraduate college advisor) and a Fellow who is typically a sophomore undergraduate student in the UGC. The purpose of the course is to familiarize the student with the university and resources available to them. It also functions to allow students a small space to open up and know other students, as lecture classes with greater than 100 students are common for first year students in the university. The material presented in the 101 course does not have much to do with the theme of the college and has more to do with the University itself.

The 102 course is a 1 credit course taught by a faculty member and is very heavily influenced on the theme of the undergraduate college. For instance, the SJE SBU 102 offerings are courses that only pertain to Social Justice, Equity, and Ethics. The goals of the course are to expand the view of the students in the undergraduate college, allow students the opportunity to work closely with Faculty members, and allow students to acclimate themselves to academic seminar type classes they may take the future.

The University Scholars Program, Honors College Program, Transfer Advising programs also offers a 101 courses where students, regardless of undergraduate college, take an equivalent SCH, HON or ADV 101 seminar instead of their UGC seminar.

Advisement
The university offers advice to first year students through the Undergraduate colleges. The advisors in a given UGC do the work of normal academic advisors, but can give students guidance on issues that relate to their first year, such as deciding on a major, dealing with being away from home, and how to navigate the services on campus. They also play a major role in student registration as they are the first advisors students encounter in their first year.

Undergraduate College Centers

There exists a center for each undergraduate college in which most of the colleges events occur, most sections of UCG courses take place, and the advisors hold office hours. These centers are located in or adjacent to the area that is most connected to the Undergraduate College. The centers are:

The Alan S. deVries Center, located in between Roosevelt and Kelly Quads, connected to the Nobel Halls, serves the college of Creativity, Technology, and Innovation.
The Grey Center, located in the basement of Grey College in Mendelssohn Quad, serves the college of Social Justice, Equity, and Ethics.
The Dallas W. Bauman Center for Leadership and Service, located in Benedict College in H-Quad, serves the college of Global Health, Wellness, and Community.

They are typically places where students also gather to study or do work. Most of the centers have special aspects about them to differentiate themselves from the others. For instance, the Bauman Center has the largest free-to-students programing space in the university.

Involvement Beyond the First Year
Although the undergraduate colleges are targeted to first year students, it is possible to stay involved beyond the first year if students so choose. As upperclassmen, students may become "Fellows" for their undergraduate college where they are expected to help out at new student orientation, TA a SBU 101 class, and put on programs for the freshmen students in the college. Students may also become Interns for the college or Resident Assistants in the UGCs quad, so they may put on events around the college, among other activities.

References

Stony Brook University


title: The True History of Puss 'N Boots

text:
The True History of Puss 'N Boots () is a 2009 French-Belgian-Swiss-American animated film directed by Jérôme Deschamps, Pascal Herold and Macha Makeïeff. It is based on Charles Perrault's story "Puss in Boots" about a cat who talks and walks on his hind legs while wearing magical boots.

Technology
The True History of Puss 'N Boots was animated in RenderBox. The in-house rendering engine By Nadeo based on Their own engine Gamebox which powers the TrackMania series and some Virtual Skipper games.

Voice cast
Jérôme Deschamps as Le Chat Botté (Puss 'N Boots) / La Meunier (The Miller) / La Paysan (The Peasant)
Arthur Deschamps as P'tit Pierre (Peter)
Louise Wallon as La Princesse (The Princess)
Yolande Moreau as La Reine (The Queen)
Atmen Kelif as Marcel / Le Cuisinier (The Cook)
Jean-Claude Bolle-Reddat as Le Chambellan (The Chamberlain)
François Toumarkine as Le Bossu (The Hunchback)
Pascal Ternisien as Gaston
Hervé Lassïnce as Maurice / Gardes Ogre (Guard Ogre) / Le Bûcheron (The Woodcutter) / Serveurs (Waiter)
Philippe Leygnac as Le Fou (The Jester)
Pascal Hérold as Charles Perrault
André Wilms as L'Ogre (The Ogre)
Robert Horn as L'Intendant
Macha Makeïeff as La Serveuse (The Waitress) / La Toucan

English-language version
Richard Dumont (Canada/UK), William Shatner (US) as Puss 'N Boots
Daniel Brochu as Peter
Holly Gauthier-Frankel as The Princess
Pauline Little as The Queen
Mark Camacho as Doc Marcel
Arthur Holden as The Chamberlain
Michael Perron as The Hunchback
Terrence Scammel as Gaston
Thor Bishopric as Maurice
Hubert Feilden as The Miller
Rick Jones as The Jester
Bruce Dinsmore as The Butler
Marcel Jeannin as Charles Perrault
Alain Goulem as The Ogre

See also
 Adaptations of Puss in Boots

References

2009 films
Animated films based on Puss in Boots
2009 animated films
French animated feature films
Belgian animated films
Swiss animated films
2000s French films


title: New York Cocoa Exchange

text:
The New York Cocoa Exchange was a commodities exchange  in New York City where futures contracts on cocoa were bought and sold. The exchange was located at 82 Beaver Street in Manhattan
for most of its existence.

On September 28, 1979, the New York Coffee and Sugar Exchange merged with the New York Cocoa Exchange and the New York Coffee and Sugar Exchange merged
to become the Coffee, Sugar and Cocoa Exchange. That exchange later merged with the New York Board of Trade, in turn acquired by IntercontinentalExchange, which operates its American futures operations as ICE Futures U.S.

IntercontinentalExchange states that the ICE Futures U.S. Cocoa contract "is the benchmark for world cocoa prices."

References

External links

Financial services companies established in 1925
Financial services companies disestablished in 1979
Commodity exchanges in the United States
Companies based in Manhattan
1925 establishments in New York City
1979 disestablishments in New York (state)
American companies disestablished in 1979


title: Umm al-Amad, Hama

text:
Umm al-Amad () is a Syrian village located in the Subdistrict of the Hama District in the Hama Governorate. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Umm al-Amad had a population of 202 in the 2004 census.

History
In 1838, it was reported as deserted.

References

Bibliography

Populated places in Hama District


title: 1981 Australian Film Institute Awards

text:
The 23rd Australian Film Institute Awards (generally known as the AFI Awards) were held at the Regent Theatre, in Sydney, New South Wales on 16 September 1981. Presented by the Australian Film Institute (AFI), the awards celebrated the best in Australian feature film, documentary and short film productions of 1981. The ceremony was televised in Australia on ABC for the third year running, with John Bluthal presiding over the event.

Gallipoli won nine of the twelve awards it was nominated for, including Best Film. Other films with multiple nominations were Hoodwink with eight, Winter of Our Dreams and Fatty Finn with seven, The Club with five, The Survivor and Roadgames with four, Wrong Side of the Road with three, and Grendel Grendel Grendel and Wu Ting with two. Phillip Adams was the recipient of the Raymond Longford Award

Winners and nominees
Gallipoli (1981) received the most feature-film nominations with twelve, winning in nine categories including Best Film, Best Achievement in Directing for Peter Weir, Best Screenplay for David Williamson, Best Achievement in Cinematography for Russell Boyd, Best Performance by an Actor in a Leading Role for Mel Gibson and Best Performance by an Actor in a Supporting Role for Bill Hunter. Other films with multiple nominations were Hoodwink with eight, Winter of Our Dreams and Fatty Finn with seven, The Club with five, The Survivor and Roadgames with four, Wrong Side of the Road with three, and Grendel Grendel Grendel and Wu Ting with two.

Individuals with multiple nominations were sound designer Peter Fenton with three for Best Sound, winning for his work on Gallipoli; sound designer Andrew Steuart received two nominations in the Best Sound category without a win; Judy Davis was nominated for Best Performance by an Actress in a Leading Role and Best Performance by an Actress in a Supporting Role for her roles in Winter of Our Dreams and Hoodwink, respectively, picking up both prizes; Wendy Weir gained two nominations for Best Achievement in Art Direction and Best Achievement in Costume Design, winning in the former category; David Williamson, who was given the Best Screenplay award, was also further nominated for his adapted screenplay of The Club in the same category.

Feature film

Non-feature film

Special awards
Wrong Side of the Road received the Jury Prize. The Raymond Longford Award given to a person for their life's work in the Australian film and television industry, was presented to Australian journalist and producer Phillip Adams.

References

External links
 The Australian Academy of Cinema and Television Arts official website

AACTA Awards ceremonies
AACTA Awards
AACTA Awards


title: List of sovereign state leaders in the Philippines

text:
The types of sovereign state leaders in the Philippines have varied throughout the country's history, from heads of ancient chiefdoms, kingdoms and sultanates in the pre-colonial period, to the leaders of Spanish, American, and Japanese colonial governments, until the directly elected president of the modern sovereign state of the Philippines.

Archaic (pre-hispanic) Era
Before the nation of the Philippines was formed, the area of what was now the Philippines during the pre-colonial times was sets of divided nations ruled by Kings, Chieftains, Datus, Lakans, Rajahs and Sultans in Southeast Asia. It was when the Spaniards arrived that they named the collections of areas they conquered and unite in Southeast Asia as "Las Islas Filipinas" or The Islands of the Philippines.

Legendary rulers
Legendary rulers can be found in the oral tradition in Philippine Mythology, which having an uncertain historical/archeological evidence of their reign.

Archaic rulers

Wang of Ma-i

Kingdom of Pangasinan (Luyag na Kaboloan)

Historical rulers of Tondo
,

Recorded rulers of Namayan

{| width=100% class="wikitable"
! width=90%, | Legendary rulers of Namayan
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| Aside from the records of Huerta, a number of names of rulers are associated with Namayan by folk/oral traditions, as recounted in documents such as the will of Fernando Malang (1589) and documented by academics such as Grace Odal-Devora and writers such as Nick Joaquin.||
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The Datus of Madja-as

The Datus of Katugasan

The Datus of Dapitan

Rulers of Maynila

Monarchs of the Butuan Rajahnate

Rajahs of Cebu

Sultans of Maguindanao

The Sultans of Sulu (1405–present)

Philippines Era

The collection of islands conquered by the Spaniards was named Las islas Filipinas; a name given by Ruy López de Villalobos. It's the exact geographical location on which the modern day Republic of the Philippines based its territory.

 Rulers during the Spanish colonization
During the Spanish colonization, Remaining monarchs reign until their kingdoms was absorbed to the new colonial nation of the Philippines through Spanish conquest. Many of these territories are absorbed much later.

 Rajah Colambu – King of Limasawa in 1521, brother of Rajah Siagu of Butuan. He befriended Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan and guided him to Cebu on April 7, 1521.
 Rajah Humabon – King of Cebu who became an ally of Ferdinand Magellan and the Spaniards. Rival of Datu Lapu-Lapu. In 1521, he and his wife were baptized as Christians and given Christian names Carlos and Juana after the Spanish royalty, King Carlos and Queen Juana.
 Sultan Kudarat – Sultan of Maguindanao.
 Lakan Dula or Lakandula – King of Tondo, one of the last princes of Manila.
 Datu Lapu-Lapu – King of Mactan Island. He defeated the Spaniards on April 27, 1521.
 Datu Sikatuna – King of Bohol in 1565. He made a blood compact with Spanish explorer, Miguel López de Legazpi.
 Datu Pagbuaya – King of Bohol. He governed with his brother Datu Dailisan, a settlement along the shorelines between Mansasa, Tagbilaran and Dauis, which was abandoned years before the Spanish colonization due to Portuguese and Ternatean attacks. He founded Dapitan in the northern shore of Mindanao.
 Datu Dailisan – King of Mansasa, Tagbilaran and Dauis and governed their kingdom along with his brother Datu Pagbuaya. His death during one of the Portuguese raids caused the abandonment of the settlement.
 Datu Manooc – Christian name – Pedro Manuel Manooc, son of Datu Pagbuaya who converted to Christianity, defeated the Higaonon tribe in Iligan, Mindanao. He established one of the first Christian settlements in the country.
 Datu Macabulos – King of Pampanga in 1571.
 Rajah Siagu – King of the Manobo in 1521.
 Apo Noan – Chieftain of Mandani (present day Mandaue) in 1521.
 Apo Macarere – Famous Chieftain of the Tagbanwa warrior tribe in Corong Island (Calis).
 Raja Muda Sulayman – The heir apparent of the Kingdom of Luzon, was defeated by Martín de Goiti, a Spanish soldier commissioned by López de Legazpi to Manila.
 Rajah Tupas – King of Cebu, conquered by Miguel López de Legazpi.
 Datu Urduja – Female Leader in Pangasinan.
 Datu Zula – Chieftain of Mactan, Cebu. Rival of Lapu-lapu
 Datu Kalun – Ruler of the Island of the Basilan and the Yakans in Mindanao, converted his line to Christianity
 Datu Sanday – Ruler of Marawi City
 Datu Saiden Borero – King of Antique
 unnamed Datu – King of Taytay Palawan. Mentioned by Pigafetta, chronicler of Magellan. The king, together with his wife were kidnapped by the remnant troops from Magellan's fleet after fleeing Cebu to secure provisions for their crossing to the Moluccas.
 Datu Cabaylo (Cabailo) – The last king of the Kingdom of Taytay

 Captaincy-General of the Philippines (1565–1761)

From 1565 to 1898, the Philippines was under Spanish rule. From 1565 to 1821, The governor and captain-general was appointed by the Viceroy of New Spain upon recommendation of the Spanish Cortes and governed on behalf of the Monarch of Spain. When there was a vacancy (e.g. death, or during the transitional period between governors), the Real Audiencia in Manila appoints a temporary governor from among its members.

 During Revolts against Spain (1660–1661)

 British Occupation of Manila (1762–1764)

Great Britain occupied Manila and the naval port of Cavite as part of the Seven Years' War.

 Independent Ilocos (1762–1763)

 Under New Spain (1764–1821)

 Emperor

 Spanish East Indies (1821–1898)

After the 1821 Mexican War of Independence, Mexico became independent and was no longer part of the Spanish Empire. The Viceroyalty of New Spain ceased to exist. The Philippines, as a result, was directly governed from Madrid, under the Crown.

 Revolutionary Republics and States
The Ruling Leaders during Philippine Revolution

United States Military Government (1898–1901)

The American military government was established following the defeat of Spain in the Spanish–American War. During the transition period, executive authority in all civil affairs in the Philippine government was exercised by the military governor.

 Insular Government (1901–1935)

On July 4, 1901, executive authority over the islands was transferred to the president of the Second Philippine Commission who had the title of Civil Governor, a position appointed by the President of the United States and approved by the United States Senate. For the first year, a Military Governor, Adna Chaffee, ruled parts of the country still resisting the American rule, concurrent with civil governor, William Howard Taft. Disagreements between the two were not uncommon. The following year, on July 4, 1902, Taft became the sole executive authority. Chaffee remained as commander of Philippine Division until September 30, 1902.

The title was changed to Governor General in 1905 by an act of Congress (Public 43 – February 6, 1905). The term "insular" (from insulam, the Latin word for island'') refers to U.S. island territories that are not incorporated into either a state or a federal district. All insular areas was under the authority of the U.S. Bureau of Insular Affairs, a division of the US War Department.

Philippine Commonwealth (1935–1946)

On November 15, 1935, the Commonwealth of the Philippines was inaugurated as a transitional government to prepare the country for independence. The office of President of the Philippine Commonwealth replaced the Governor-General as the country's chief executive. The Governor-General became the High Commissioner of the Philippines with Frank Murphy, the last governor-general, as the first high commissioner.  The High Commissioner exercised no executive power but rather represented the colonial power, the United States Government, in the Philippines. The high commissioner moved from Malacañang Palace to the newly built High Commissioner's Residence, now the Embassy of the United States in Manila.

After the Philippine independence on July 4, 1946, the last High Commissioner, Paul McNutt, became the first United States Ambassador to the Philippines.

Japanese Military Governors (1942–1945)

In December 1941, the Commonwealth of the Philippines was invaded by Japan as part of World War II. The next year, the Empire of Japan sent a military governor to control the country during wartime, followed by the formal establishment of the puppet second republic.

Second Philippine Republic (1943–1945)

The Second Republic was inaugurated on October 14, 1943, in Manila, and ended when President Jose P. Laurel dissolved the republic on August 17, 1945, in Tokyo.

Third Philippine Republic (1946–1972)

The Third Republic started when independence was granted by the Americans on July 4, 1946, and ended upon the imposition of martial law by President Ferdinand Marcos on September 21, 1972.

Martial law, New Society, and the Fourth Philippine Republic (1972–1987)

President Ferdinand Marcos ruled by decree when he declared martial law on September 21, 1972. He inaugurated the "New Society" after a new constitution was ratified on January 17, 1973. He declared the Fourth Republic on January 17, 1981, after martial law was lifted.

Provisional Government and Fifth Philippine Republic (1987–Present)

President Corazon Aquino, after ascending into office, issued Proclamation No. 3, the Freedom Constitution, ending the Fourth Republic and ushering in the Provisional Government. This called for the adoption of certain provisions of the 1973 constitution, but called for a constitutional commission that shall write a new one. She inaugurated the Fifth Republic after the present constitution was ratified. The plebiscite took place on February 2, 1987.

See also
 President of the Philippines
 Governor-General of the Philippines
 Filipino styles and honorifics
 Heads of state and government of the Philippines
 First ladies and gentlemen of the Philippines
 List of ancient Philippine consorts
 List of presidents of the Philippines
 List of unofficial presidents of the Philippines
 Vice President of the Philippines
 List of vice presidents of the Philippines
 Prime Minister of the Philippines (now defunct)
 Seal of the president of the Philippines
 List of current heads of state and government

Notes

Subnotes

References

Works cited

External links
 Office of the President of the Philippines
 The Presidential Museum and Library
 Philippine Heads of State Timeline at www.worldstatesmen.org

Filipino royalty
1571 disestablishments
States and territories established in 1500
Former countries in Philippine history
Former monarchies of Asia
History of the Philippines (900–1565)
Philippines
Kingdom of Maynila
States and territories established in the 1500s
1500 establishments in Asia


title: Europa-Gruss

text:
Europa-Gruss (Europe Greeting) is a composition by Karlheinz Stockhausen for wind ensemble with optional synthesizers, and is assigned Number 72 in the composer's catalogue of works. It has a duration of about twelve-and-a-half minutes.

History

The idea of composing the Europa-Gruss was first suggested to Stockhausen in August 1991, by the sculptor  of Breisach. In February of the next year, it was formally commissioned by the mayor of Neuf-Brisach (Breisach’s adjacent French fortress city across the Rhine in Alsace), for the Étoile Sonore Europe Festival, who requested a "Europe Fanfare" or "concerted Europe hymn". Originally titled Mittwochs-Gruss, it was briefly meant to be the "greeting" for the opera Mittwoch aus Licht and was initially assigned the work number 65 in the composer’s catalogue of works, immediately preceding the four scenes of the opera (provisionally numbered 66–69). By the time the score was completed on 21 July 1992, Stockhausen had decided against using it in his opera and changed its title, first to Europa-Hymne, and then to its final, published form. In December 1994 Stockhausen re-assigned it the work number 72 (along with other adjustments to the work numbers), and eventually replaced it in the opera with a new “greeting” of electronic music, which took over the number 65.

Flexibly scored for a potentially immense ensemble of instruments, it was premièred on 12 September 1992 in Neuf-Brisach by an ensemble of the participants in a regional brass convention featuring eight solo trumpets, directed by the composer’s son, Markus Stockhausen, who also participated as a trumpet soloist. The composer revised the score in 1995, and in 2002 devised a minimum scoring for just ten instruments. This version was premiered on 27 July  2002 at the Stockhausen Courses for New Music in Kürten, under the composer’s direction, and recorded shortly afterward by the same performers for release on compact disc.

Instrumentation
The instrumentation suggested in the commission was: eight solo trumpeters, one extra soloist, 104 trumpets divided into four equal sections, 32 horns divided into four sections, 32 mixed tenor and baritone horns in four sections, 64 trombones in four sections, and 8 tubas in two sections. Stockhausen accommodated this request with a flexible scoring for four tutti groups of instruments (two of treble and two of bass instruments), a group of solo instruments, and synthesizers ad lib. There is no upper limit on the size of this ensemble, but the groups should be balanced in size. The smallest possible option is for twelve parts: four soloists, four tutti treble and four tutti bass instruments (divided 2 + 2), but when synthesizers are included, each player can cover two parts  (one with each hand). The arrangement used for the 2002 performance with just ten players (two flutes, clarinet, basset horn, bass clarinet, soprano saxophone, trumpet, trombone, and two synthesizers) is printed in the score, immediately after the original version.

Analysis
The Europa-Gruss is an example of formula composition, using the Licht superformula. It is based on a synchronisation of the core pitches of the complete Michael and Lucifer layers (in the middle and lower parts, respectively) to the Wednesday segment of Eve’s layer (in the highest parts). These are stretched twenty-fold, from an original duration of just 36 seconds to 12 minutes, 14 seconds, and rapid solo passages are composed around the three stretched melodies. A sixty-second pause occurs about a third of the way through the work (due to a rest in Eve’s Wednesday segment), where isolated punctual notes and chords recall elements of the preceding section.

Discography
 Stockhausen, Karlheinz. Europa-Gruss; Stop und Start; Two Couples; Elektronische und Konkrete Musik zu Komet; Licht-Ruf. First work: Kathinka Pasveer and Karin de Fleyt (flutes), Suzanne Stephens (clarinet), Michele Marelli (basset horn), Rumi Sota-Klemm (bass clarinet). Julien Petit (soprano saxophone), William Forman (trumpet), Andrew Digby (trombone), Marc Maes and Antonio Pérez Abellán (synthesizers), Karlheinz Stockhausen (direction and sound projection). Second work: the same performers, without Pasveer and Stephens, plus Michael Patmann (percussion), Frank Gutschmidt, Benjamin Kobler, and Josef Rebber (synthesizers). First two works recorded 6 August 2002 and 5 August 2002, respectively, at Sound Studio N, Cologne. CD recording, 1 disc: digital, 12 cm., stereo. Stockhausen Complete Edition CD 64. Kürten: Stockhausen-Verlag, 2002.

References

Cited sources

Compositions by Karlheinz Stockhausen
1992 compositions
Compositions for brass band
Concert band pieces
20th-century classical music
Serial compositions
Spatial music


title: The Stone Roses (disambiguation)

text:
The Stone Roses are an English rock band.

The Stone Roses may also refer to:

The Stone Roses (album), the debut album of the band
The Stone Roses: Made of Stone, a documentary about the band
 The Stone Roses (novel), a 1959 novel by Sarah Gainham

See also
The Stone Rose, a Doctor Who novel


title: Kawasaki City Tram

text:
was a tram line in the Japanese city of Kawasaki, Kanagawa Prefecture. The 6.7 km line ran from Shiden Kawasaki (in front of Kawasaki Station) to Shiohama Station (now closed). The tramway operated from 1944 to 1969. A street on the former route is named .

References

Tram transport in Japan
Railway companies of Japan
Railway companies established in 1944
Railway companies disestablished in 1969
1944 establishments in Japan
1969 disestablishments in Japan
Kawasaki


title: Gotta Be You (2NE1 song)

text:
"Gotta Be You" (Korean: 너아님안돼; RR: Neo anim andwae) is a song recorded by South Korean girl group 2NE1 and is the second Korean-language single from the group's final studio album Crush. The track peaked at number 3 on the Gaon Digital Chart and was ranked number 42 for the most downloaded songs in South Korea in 2014. The track was the last single that 2NE1 released as a quartet, before Minzy's departure from the group in April 2016.

The Japanese version of the track was also included in the Japanese version of Crush, which was released on June 25, 2014.

Background

"Gotta Be You" is described as a synthy dance-pop song with elements of hip-hop and EDM. The track was written by long-time YG Entertainment collaborator Teddy Park and was co-produced by Park, Masta Wu, and P.K.

The music video for the song was released on May 21, 2014, at 9:00 KST, and was uploaded "to celebrate their fifth anniversary of their debut." The music video combines elements of Roy Lichtenstein's comic books and Andy Warhol's "Brillo Boxes" along with splashes of graffiti, emoticons and neon seen throughout the set. 2NE1 teamed up with fashion designer Jeremy Scott for the "pop art-inspired video". It featured English model Ash Stymest as CL's love interest.

Promotions and live performances
The song was performed twice on SBS's Inkigayo along with the album's first Korean-language single "Come Back Home". The dance practice video was uploaded to the group's official YouTube channel on March 17. "Gotta Be You" was also featured on the setlist for their All or Nothing World Tour that spanned from March, following the release of the album, to October.

Credits
Credits adapted from Tidal.
Personnel
2NE1 – Vocals
Teddy Park –  Lyricist, composer, arranger
Masta Wu – Arranger
Choi Pil-kang (P.K.) – Composer

Chart performance

Weekly charts

Monthly charts

Year-end charts

Release history

References

2014 songs
2NE1 songs
Korean-language songs
YG Entertainment singles
Songs written by Teddy Park
2014 singles


title: Hiring and mop fairs

text:
Hiring fairs, also called statute or mop fairs, were regular events in pre-modern Great Britain and Ireland where labourers were hired for fixed terms. They date from the time of  Edward III, and his attempt to regulate the labour market by the Statute of Labourers in 1351 at a time of a serious national shortage of labour after the Black Death. Subsequent legislation, in particular the Statute of Apprentices of 1563, legislated for a particular day when the high constables of the shire would proclaim the stipulated rates of pay and conditions of employment for the following year. Because so many people gathered at a fair, it quickly turned into the major place for matching workers and employers. Hiring fairs continued well into the 20th century, up to the Second World War in some places but their function as employment exchanges was diminished by the Corn Production Act 1917. This legislation guaranteed minimum prices for wheat and oats, specified a minimum wage for agricultural workers and established the Agricultural Wages Board, to ensure stability for farmers and a share of this stability for agricultural workers.

Annual hiring fairs were held, during Martinmas week at the end of November, in the market towns of the East Riding of Yorkshire in places like Beverley, Bridlington, Driffield, Hedon, Hornsea, Howden, Hull, Malton, Patrington, Pocklington, and York. Both male and female agricultural servants would gather in order to bargain with prospective employers and, hopefully, secure a position for the coming year. The yearly hiring included board and lodging for single employees for the whole year with wages being paid at the end of the year's service. These fairs attracted all the other trappings of a fair, and they turned into major feasts in their own right, and  attracted poor reputations for the drunkenness and immorality involved. Later, when wage rates and conditions were no longer officially set, the hiring fair remained a useful institution, especially as much employment in rural areas was by annual agreement. Prospective workers would gather in the street or market place, often sporting some sort of badge or tool to denote their speciality. Shepherds held a crook or a tuft of wool, cowmen brought wisps of straw, dairymaids carried a milking stool or pail and housemaids held brooms or mops; this is why some hiring fairs were known as mop fairs. Employers would look them over and, if they were thought fit, hire them for the coming year, handing over a shilling to seal the arrangement.

History

Farm workers, labourers, servants and some craftsmen would work for their employer from October to October. At the end of the employment they would attend the mop fair dressed in their Sunday best clothes and carrying an item signifying their trade. A servant with no particular skills would carry a mop head. The 'tassle' worn on their lapel was the emblem of the employee's trade - for instance shepherds would wear a piece of wool in their buttonholes, whereas farmers might hold a piece of straw, and this tassle became known as a 'mop', hence the term "mop fair. Hiring fairs were also known as statute fairs (or statutes) because an Act of Parliament of 1677 endorsed the yearly bonds made between masters and servants at them.

Employers would move amongst them discussing experience and terms, and once agreement was reached the employer would give the employee a small token of money, known as the “fasten-penny,”  usually a shilling, which “fastened” the contract for a year. The employee would then remove the item signifying their trade and wear bright ribbons to indicate they had been hired.
The  stalls set up, at the fair, selling food and drink and offering games to play, would tempt the employee to spend their token money. The whole event became a major festival and eventually was condemned for the  drunkenness and immorality they encouraged.

Michaelmas Day is celebrated on 29 September but mop fairs were tied to the seasons and the harvest, not the calendar. When the Gregorian calendar was adopted in 1752 and eleven days dropped from that year, events associated with the end of the harvest moved eleven days later to 10 October. This date is known as "Old Michaelmas Day" and since 1752 was the date of the  mop fairs. Although many towns continue to hold mop fairs to this day, traditional hiring fairs had ceased by the middle of the 20th century.

Mop towns

The following towns have a history of holding mops and still hold one each year on or around Michaelmas Day. A theme common to these towns is that they were, several hundred years ago, medium-sized thriving market towns surrounded by a large number of smaller villages, hence their obvious choice as the location for the mop.

Alcester
Banbury
Burton upon Trent (the Statutes Fair)
Chipping Norton
Chipping Sodbury
Cirencester
Daventry
Evesham
Kings Norton
Ledbury
Marlborough
Moreton in Marsh
Sherborne, Pack Monday Fair
Southam
Stratford upon Avon
Tewkesbury
Warwick

Modern mops
Tewkesbury and other mop fairs typically take over the entire town centre for two days, attracting thousands of visitors. Many of the rides at the mop are fast, brightly lit and very noisy including traditional rides such as carousels and helter-skelters.

At Ashby-de-la-Zouch Ashby Statutes is held every September. Instituted by Royal Statute, it was originally a hiring fair.

See also
 Dudsday – a hiring fair at Kilmarnock in Scotland
 Job fair

References

Further reading
Kussmaul, Ann (1981) Servants in Husbandry in Early Modern England (includes a list of hiring fairs which existed in that period)
Caunce, Stephen (1991) Amongst Farm Horses: the horselads of East Yorkshire

External links
Text of the Statute of Labourers 1351

Autumn traditions
Fairs in England
Festivals established in the 14th century
Recruitment
1351 establishments in England


title: Kvadrat (film)

text:
Kvadrat is a 2013 documentary feature film written, co-produced, and directed by Anatoly Ivanov. The film explores the realities of techno DJing, in particular the experiences of Russian DJ Andrey Pushkarev. Filmed as a hybrid between a road-movie and a music video, Kvadrat not only illustrates the festive atmosphere of techno night clubs, but also reveals the lesser known side of this profession. Shot in Switzerland, France, Hungary, Romania and Russia, the film omits the typical documentary elements: there are no interviews, no explanatory voice-over, facts or data is provided. It gives priority to the soundtrack of techno music, leaving the detailed interpretation to the viewer.

Plot

DJ Andrey Pushkarev wakes up in his Moscow apartment, packs his vinyl records into a rolling bag and leaves for Domodedovo airport, to fly to Zurich. Upon arriving, he is greeted by the promoter of the Supermarket club. After falling asleep in the hotel, he is rudely awaken by the alarm, dresses up and leaves for the job in the middle of the night. After finishing his DJ set, he leaves the club to take the train to Geneva. While en route, instead of admiring the Alpine scenery, he sleeps.

After a short visit to a friend in Geneva (whether male or female is not shown), he takes the plane back to Moscow. He thus completes the first "story loop", repeated with slight variations throughout the entire film, a metaphor on techno music loops.

In his flat in Moscow, after quickly replying to booking requests on Skype, he goes through his huge collection of vinyl techno records to prepare his next performances. A quick shave and he leaves to take a taxi for the railway station, where he boards a train for Saint Petersburg.

Once in Saint Petersburg, he waits at a friend’s flat, while listening to tracks on Beatport. After nightfall, he is driven to Barakobamabar, where he plays a set. At dawn, his friends accompany him to the metro, one of them barely walking from too much drink. Pushkarev then takes the metro back to the train station, using a short-cut through Saint Petersburg down-town.

Back in Moscow, and back to the beginning of the story loop, he visits his friends and while drinking tea, debates his dream of playing techno during the day and bringing the techno club industry more in line with a healthy lifestyle.

After a short metro trip, he plays in a Moscow club Mir, after which he flies out to Geneva, again. There, he takes the same train as previously, looping in the other direction, to Olten via Bern. Greeted by the club promoter, he goes directly to the local club Terminus, where technical problems hamper his performance. The Technics SL-1210 turntable refuses to switch the playback speed from 45 rpm to 33 rpm. Later, a club technician bumps his elbow into the tonearm. Tired, Pushkarev takes a cab to the hotel, where he checks his in-coming booking requests on the notebook computer.

In the morning, he takes the train to Lausanne where he changes for a TGV to Paris. After a performance at the 4 Éléments bar, he continues his trip to the SWISS hub in Zurich, where he boards a flight to Budapest.

The local crew transport him from Budapest to Kecel, where he plays at the club Korona to a massive audience. Asleep in the car back to Budapest, he misses the decorated down-town and gets only a couple of hours to repack at the hotel, before leaving again for the airport, restarting the loop.

He flies back to the Zurich hub, where he changes for a flight to Bucharest.

Picked-up at the airport, he is driven to Craiova, where he plays at club Krypton without any rest.

The next day, he sleeps in the car during a huge snowstorm of 2012, one of the deadliest in Romania’s history, to arrive in Cluj-Napoca’s club Midi. He plays to an ecstatic crowd, only to wake up in the same battered BMW driving again through winter.

Finally, he arrives at the seaside, stares at the waves and the sunset and silently walks away, leaving his bag of vinyls on the beach.

Production

Because of budget restrictions, Anatoly Ivanov acted as writer, co-producer, director, cinematographer, editor, and sound engineer.

Development

Anatoly Ivanov formed an idea for Kvadrat after completing an impromptu 30-minute short in Cantonese in February 2011 about a private Hong Kong martial arts event. He suggested to shoot a realistic DJing documentary to Andrey Pushkarev, when the two met in the director’s Paris flat shortly afterwards.

Anatoly Ivanov teamed up with Yury Rysev to privately finance the project, initially mis-calculating the total required by a factor of 5. A drastic cost-cutting approach to production allowed to film the feature in 5 countries, despite the tiny budget, thanks in part for everyone on the project volunteering without any financial compensation.

Locations

Kvadrat was filmed exclusively on location in:

 Switzerland
 Zurich
 Geneva
 Olten
 France
 Paris
 Marseille
 Hungary
 Budapest
 Kecel
 Romania
 Bucharest
 Craiova
 Cluj-Napoca
 Russia
 Moscow
 Saint Petersburg
 Izhevsk, Udmurtia
 Votkinsk, Udmurtia
 Stepanovo, Udmurtia

And during regular flights by SWISS and Izhavia, train journeys by SBB CFF FFS, RZD, and on public transport in Geneva’s TPG, Saint Petersburg Metro and Moscow Metro.

Cinematography

Principal photography began on August 27, 2011, ended on July 16, 2012 and lasted 55 days (if counting the days when the camera was rolling).

The film was shot in the spherical 1080p HD format using a pair of Canon 1D mark IV cameras and just two Canon still-photography lenses.

Anatoly Ivanov was the only crew to shoot video and record sound for the film, carrying all the cinema equipment on himself. He eschewed the use of dollies, cranes, jibs, steadicams, tripods, sliders and car mounts and shot Kvadrat exclusively with a handheld rig. No additional lighting was used either.

Editing and post-production

Editing in Final Cut Pro X, post-production started immediately after the wrap of principal photography. It took 1 year in Geneva and was plagued by technical problems, such as removal of hot pixels on the footage from the cameras and inadequate computer hardware (a 2011 MacBook Pro and a pair of Sony MDR7506 headphones).

Music

The film features 35 tracks played by DJ Pushkarev, representing various subgenres of techno music, ranging from deep house to dub techno through minimal techno and electro:

 "Abyss" by Manoo – Deeply Rooted House, 2008
 "Direct" by Kris Wadsworth – NRK Sound Division, 2009
 "La Grippe (Helly Larson Remix)" by George Soliis – Wasabi, 2011
 "Air" by Havantepe – Styrax Leaves, 2007
 "Mauna Loa" by Mick Rubin – Musik Gewinnt Freunde, 2009
 "Soul Sounds (Freestyle Man Original Dope Remix)" by Sasse – Moodmusic, 2005
 "Tammer (David Duriez Remix From Da Vault)" by Phonogenic – 20:20 Vision, 2000
 "Track B1" by Slowhouse Two – Slowhouse Recordings, 2008
 "Post" by Claro Intelecto – Modern Love, 2011
 "Acid Face" by Scott Findley – Iron Box Music, 2003
 "Warriors" by Two Armadillos – Secretsundaze Music, 2007
 "Grand Theft Vinyl (JV Mix)" by Green Thumb vs JV – So Sound Recordings, 2004
 "Tobacco (Alveol Mix)" by Kiano Below Bangkok – Only Good Shit Records, 2011
 "When The Dark Calls" by Pop Out and Play – Alola, 2001
 "Circular Motion (Vivid)" by Christian Linder – Phono Elements, 2002
 "Blacktro (Demo 1)" by Jerome Sydenham and Joe Claussell – UK Promotions, 2007
 "Green Man" by Mr. Bizz – Deepindub.org, 2008
 "Tahiti" by Ben Rourke – Stuga Musik, 2011
 "Willpower" by Joshua Collins – Prolekult, 2002
 "Lullaby For Rastko (Herb LF Remix)" by Petkovski – Farside, 2011
 "Agape Dub" by Luke Hess – Modelisme Records, 2009
 "Glacial Valley" by Makam – Pariter, 2011
 "The Time" by Vizar – Jato Unit Analog, 2011
 "Libido" by Sean Palm and Charlie Mo – Railyard Recordings, 2008
 "Ahck (Jichael Mackson Remix)" by Minilogue – Wir, 2007
 "Altered State (Artificial Remix)" by Jason Vasilas – Tangent Beats, 2004
 "Modern Times (Dub Mix)" by Hatikvah – Baalsaal, 2009
 "That Day (Loudeast Black Label Remix)" by DJ Grobas – Thrasher Home Recordings, 2004
 "The Hills (John Selway Dub)" by Filippo Mancinelli and Allen May – Darkroom Dubs, 2011
 "Running Man" by Petar Dundov – Music Man Records, 2007
 "Ice" by Monolake – Imbalance Computer Music, 2000
 "Lucky Punch" by Peter Dildo – Trackdown Records, 2006
 "Live Jam 1" by Rhauder – Polymorph, 2011
 "Can U Hear Shapes?" by Pop Out and Play – Alola, 2001
 "Be No-One" by Charles Webster – Statra Recordings, 2001

Themes

Besides the obvious facade of DJ work seen in a night club, Kvadrat explores the lesser-known themes of DJ travel, fatigue, sleep deprivation, self-destruction, absurdity, loneliness, purpose of art and stereotypes of the artist.

Genre

Anatoly Ivanov combined the genres of a road movie and a music video, creating a modern-day techno musical without much dialogue. He deliberately applied the aesthetics of fiction films to non-fiction footage and removed documentary clichés in order to achieve a third category, a result between fiction and documentary genres. In other words, a documentary using fiction techniques such as exhibition, metaphors and symbolism to express ideas, provoke emotions and ask questions implicitly, instead of exposition, staged interviews and explanatory voice-over to communicate the answers explicitly.

Release

The film was quietly released in 720p quality on Vimeo on October 17, 2013, with English, French and Russian subtitles, accumulating 53 000 plays (as of September 2014, not to be confused with loads). It premiered in cinema as 2K DCP during the Kommt Zusammen festival in Rostock, Germany, on April 18, 2014.

Reception

The public and press were surprised by a stealthy release without any marketing campaign.

The reviewers praised the aesthetic, atmospheric, musical and meditative qualities of the film, its realistic nature. As well as the decision to forego traditional interviews and adopt innovative editing.

See also

 Speaking in Code — an American documentary film about techno artists Modeselektor, Wighnomy Brothers, Philip Sherburne, Monolake and David Day
 Berlin Calling — a German fiction film about DJ and composer Ickarus (Paul Kalkbrenner) struggling with drug abuse
 Techno
 Dub techno

References

External links

2013 documentary films
2013 films
Documentary films about electronic music and musicians
Films set in France
Films set in Hungary
Films set in Moscow
Films set in Paris
Films set in Romania
Films set in Russia
Films set in Saint Petersburg
Films set in Switzerland
Films shot in France
Films shot in Hungary
Films shot in Moscow
Films shot in Paris
Films shot in Romania
Films shot in Russia
Films shot in Switzerland
French documentary films
French independent films
Russian independent films
Musical films based on actual events
French road movies
2010s road movies
Russian documentary films
2010s Russian-language films
Techno
DJing
2013 directorial debut films
2010s English-language films
2013 multilingual films
French multilingual films
Russian multilingual films
2010s French films


title: Aram Shelton

text:
Aram Shelton is an American composer, improviser and musician (primarily an alto saxophonist, but also playing other single-reed woodwinds), based in Oakland, California. His music has been compared to that of Eric Dolphy, Sun Ra, Archie Shepp, and Albert Ayler.

Originally from southeast Florida, Shelton first studied Western classical music, and received a degree in music from the University of Florida. By his own account he experienced "an epiphany" at a performance by Sam Rivers that moved him in the direction of contemporary jazz. After a brief stint in Washington, D.C., he moved to Chicago in 1999, where he gigged extensively in the local jazz and improvisational music scene. In 2005 he moved to the San Francisco Bay Area to study at Mills College. He continues to have connections to the Chicago scene while also launching several Bay Area-based bands and participating heavily in the area's improvisational music scene.

He currently performs regularly in the Bay Area with the groups the Sound Quartet, the Broken Trap Ensemble, and his solo electroacoustic project Tonal Masher, where he uses feedback harnessed by the saxophone along with a custom made Max patcher. Past projects include Dragons 1976, Arrive, Rapid Croche, and Grey Ghost during his Chicago years, and Ton Trio, Cylinder, Flockterkit, and Son of Gunnar Ton of Shel in the Bay Area. Since moving to California, he has continued to perform or record at times with groups based in Chicago including his eponymous Quartet, Arrive, Jason Adasiewicz's Rolldown and the Fast Citizens.

He has performed in many locations throughout North America and Europe with musicians including Larry Ochs, Mark Dresser, Tim Daisy, Ken Vandermark, Jason Ajemian, Josh Berman, Audrey Chen, Fred Lonberg-holm, Dave Rempis, Damon Smith, Steve Bernstein, Weasel Walter, Jason Roebke, Liz Albee, Rob Mazurek, Matt Bauder, Jessica Pavone, Fred Frith, Josh Abrams, Harris Eisenstadt, Jeb Bishop, Tim Perkis, Kevin Drumm, Jon Raskin, Frank Rosaly, Guillermo Gregorio, and Chris Brown. His work has been released on recordings from labels including 482 Music, Locust Music, MultiKulti, Edgetone, Delmark, and his own Singlespeed Music.

Notes

External links

 Aram Shelton on the site of 482 Music: his first album as a leader, Arrive
 Peter Margasak, Reedist Aram Shelton recalibrates his crews (review), Chicago Reader, 2014-06-06.

American jazz musicians
Musicians from Florida
Living people
Place of birth missing (living people)
Year of birth missing (living people)


title: Cophotis ceylanica

text:
Cophotis ceylanica, the Ceylon deaf agama, is an agamid species endemic to Sri Lanka.

Description
Body is compressed. Head is narrow. Long dorso-nuchal crest developed. Temporal scales with three to five large conical scales. Tympanum absent. Tail is short and prehensile. Dorsal scales enlarged. Gualr sacs laterally compressed. Some individuals show orange patches. Pre-anal and femoral pores absent.
Dorsum is olive green with darker markings, forming three bands on body and more on tail. A light spot on nape. A broad stripe along anterior of body and one in front of the eyes. Limbs are dark-banded.

Distribution and habitat
A slow-moving lizard, found on moss-covered tree trunks in montane regions of Sri Lanka. Localities include Nuwara Eliya, Horton Plains, Hakgala, Adam's Peak and Knuckles Mountain Range.

Ecology and reproduction
Inhibits within forest mosaic comprising Cyperus and hedges. Social interactions known to include head-bobbing, in response to threat as well as aggressive between males. Four to five live young are produced at a time, measuring 47–50 mm, between May and August.

References

 http://reptile-database.reptarium.cz/species?genus=Cophotis&species=ceylanica
 https://www.academia.edu/1400812/Description_of_a_second_species_of_Cophotis_Reptilia_Agamidae_from_the_highlands_of_Sri_Lanka

External links
 https://www.scribd.com/doc/99133138/Jungle-crow-feeding-on-Cophotis-ceylanica-Sri-Lanka
 http://www.sundaytimes.lk/100502/FunDay/fut_05.html

Reptiles of Sri Lanka
Cophotis
Reptiles described in 1861
Taxa named by Wilhelm Peters


title: Yanqha

text:
Yanqha (Aymara for bad, Quechua yanqha, yanqa, useless, trivial, unimportant, Hispanicized spelling Yancca) is a mountain in the Andes of Peru, about  high. It is situated in the Arequipa Region, Castilla Province, on the border of the districts Ayo and Uñón. Yanqha lies south of the mountains Yanawara and Yana Urqu (Quechua for "black mountain", Hispanicized Yana Orcco) and north of the mountain Qullpa.

References

Mountains of Peru
Mountains of Arequipa Region


title: Zhu Binhou

text:
Zhu Binhou (; 4 December 1885 – 1940?), also known as Etienne Tsu, was an early Chinese aviator. Born in Shanghai, Zhu was a son of the prominent banker Zhu Zhiyao (朱志尧, a.k.a. Nicolas Tsu). He left for France to study mechanical engineering at the Université Lille 1, graduating in 1903. As he was fascinated with the design and operation of automobiles and ships, 1903 also brought about the revolutionary advent of the controlled, sustained, and powered heavier-than-air machines, which had driven Zhu Binhou into this new frontier of human flight.

Zhu Binhou gained his aviator's license, issued by the Aero Club de France, in 1914 at the beginning of World War I, and joined, as part of the French Foreign Legion, Escadrille SPA.37 of the French Air Service in 1915; he is credited with downing five German aircraft and observation balloons, and four probables between 10 July 1916 and 7 January 1917.

Demobilized in 1919, he returned to China where he took part in the creation of the Chinese Flying school which was equipped with French machines. A Colonel in 1925, he died in Shanghai in 1940.

See also
Feng Ru
Li Ruyan
Jianqiao air base
Civil and military/warlord aircraft in China pre-1937
Air battles of the War of Resistance/WWII 1937-45
Development of the Nationalist Air Force of China; the combined effort of overseas Chinese volunteer pilots and former warlord air force units joining the central authority of the Republic of China Air Force for the War of Resistance/World War II against the Imperial Japanese invasion from 1937 to 1945

References

Bibliography

External links

1885 births
1940 deaths
Date of death missing
Year of death uncertain
People from Shanghai
Chinese aviators
French World War I flying aces
Officers of the French Foreign Legion
Aviation pioneers


title: Maaminga

text:
Maaminga  is a genus of parasitic wasps containing two species and constituting the family Maamingidae. So far only known from New Zealand, the two named species are Maaminga marrisi and M. rangi. The genus (and family) name derives from the Māori word "māminga", simply translated as "trickster" as the species evaded discovery for so long.

The delicate and slender Maaminga rangi is common in forests, particularly kauri forests of the northern part of the North Island. The more robust and stocky Maaminga marrisi, which is polymorphic for wing size (brachyterous, fully winged), appears to be associated with coastal scrub, and forest, particularly on offshore islands, but is also found in alpine snow tussock. Maamingidae was placed within the Proctotrupoidea, but was later moved to the superfamily Diaprioidea along with Diapriidae and Monomachidae.

References

Hymenoptera genera
Endemic fauna of New Zealand
Endemic insects of New Zealand


title: Cophotis dumbara

text:
Cophotis dumbara, the Dumbara agama, is an agamid species endemic to Sri Lanka. Known only from Knuckles Mountain Range. It is classified as a critically endangered species due to habitat loss and logging.

Description
Adult reaches 60.0 mm SVL in length. 111–120 mid-ventral scales. Head rhomboid dorsally. Orbital rim not prominent.  Supraorbital ridge with a row of large, carinate scales. There is a supraorbital ridge with a row of large, carinate scales. Nasal scale pentagonal. Supraciliary scales carinate and elongate. Tympanum subdermal. Chest scales triangular.

Male has a pale greenish yellow on upper lip. Lower lip dark greenish black. A light greenish-yellow band extends from snout tip to axilla. Blackish loreal and temporal regions with light greenish yellow scales. Pupil black. Iris blackish with golden pigments. Dorsal crest black, which contain pale green patches. Middle part of throat is reddish orange. Tail consists of seven greenish yellow and seven black cross-bands.

Female has a buff colored throat with longitudinal brown streaks. Upper and lower lips light brown with black patches. Tail consists of seven greenish buff and eight brown cross-bands.

References

 http://reptile-database.reptarium.cz/species?genus=Cophotis&species=dumbara

External links
 http://novataxa.blogspot.com/2011/11/2006-cophotis-dumbarae-srilanka.html
 http://zipcodezoo.com/animals/c/cophotis_dumbara/
 https://web.archive.org/web/20140714230811/http://www.biologybrowser.org/node/1223170
 http://slendemics.net/easl/reps/Agamidae.html

Cophotis
Endemic fauna of Sri Lanka
Reptiles of Sri Lanka
Critically endangered fauna of Asia
Lizards of Asia
Reptiles described in 2006
Taxa named by Natalia B. Ananjeva
Taxa named by Nikolai Loutseranovitch Orlov


title: The Marines Fly High

text:
The Marines Fly High is a 1940 action film, starring Richard Dix, Chester Morris and Lucille Ball and directed by George Nicholls, Jr. and Benjamin Stoloff from a story by A.C. Edington.

Plot
In 1940, the Central American cocoa plantation owned by American Joan Grant (Lucille Ball) needs protection from bandits led by El Vengador (John Eldredge). She asks the Marines stationed nearby under the command of Colonel Hill (Paul Harvey) for help. Lieutenants Danny Darrick (Richard Dix) and Jim Malone (Chester Morris) fly a mission to seek out the outlaws. Although they have orders to protect her, both men vie for Joan's affection.

John Henderson, the plantation foreman, is really El Vengador. He kidnaps Joan and sets a trap for the Marines he knows will try to rescue her. The two rivals eventually realize that to defeat the enemy, they will have to work together. When Malone is heading for an ambush, Derrick flies to his aid and rescues Joan.

Cast

 Richard Dix as Lt. Danny Darrick
 Chester Morris as Lt. Jim Malone
 Lucille Ball as Joan Grant
 Steffi Duna as Teresa
 John Eldredge as John Henderson / El Vengador
 Paul Harvey as Col. Hill
 Horace McMahon as Sgt. Monk O'Hara
 Dick Hogan as Cpl. Ted Haines
 Kirby Grant as Lt. Bob Hobbes (as Robert Stanton)
 Ann Shoemaker as Mrs. Hill
 Nestor Paiva as Pedro Fernandez

Production
Principal photography for The Marines Fly High took place from late October to December 2, 1939, on RKO sound stages. The backlots served as the locale for many of RKO's features set in more exotic locations. The use of U.S. Marine aircraft and the ability of both Dix and Morris to look comfortable as pilots led an air of authenticity to the programmer.

Reception
The Marines Fly High was a typical B movie whose action scenes received good notices from critics with Frank S. Nugent of The New York Times in a contemporary review, noting the film was "... a comfortably agile adventure story." A more recent appraisal by reviewer Frank Miller likewise described the film as "crammed" with action.

Film historian Richard Jewell in The RKO Story (1982), characterized the screenplay in The Marines Fly High by Jerry Cady and Lieutenant Commander A.J. Bolton as "dull" and "lacklustre".

Aviation film historian James H. Farmer in Celluloid Wings: The Impact of Movies on Aviation (1984) noted The Marines Fly High was punctuated by "the quick-paced roar of machine guns, rifles and airplane engines in this low-budget effort (that) fortunately leaves little time for a careful look at the lackluster plot."

See also
 List of American films of 1940

Notes

References

Bibliography

 Farmer, James H. Celluloid Wings: The Impact of Movies on Aviation. Blue Ridge Summit, Pennsylvania: Tab Books Inc., 1984. .
 Jewell, Richard B. The RKO Story. New Rochelle, New York: Arlington House, 1982. .
 Wynne, H. Hugh. The Motion Picture Stunt Pilots and Hollywood's Classic Aviation Movies. Missoula, Montana: Pictorial Histories Publishing Co., 1987. .

External links

American action adventure films
American aviation films
Films set in Central America
Films about the United States Marine Corps
American black-and-white films
Films directed by George Nicholls Jr.
Films directed by Benjamin Stoloff
RKO Pictures films
1940s action adventure films
1940s English-language films
1940s American films


title: T. Y. Lee

text:
T.Y. Lee was an architect in Malaysia who played a significant role in the country's architectural development from the 1930s through the 1980s. He was the founder of T.Y. Lee and Sons Architect. T.Y. Lee was the architect of record for the Central Market, the finest Art Deco building in Kuala Lumpur that dates to 1936. Lee's work then shifted in a modern direction, and he created an apartment block that was among the city's most prestigious addresses. T.Y Lee didn't make one but two prestigious apartment blocks in the 1960s. These two were called Blue Boy mansion (1962) and Marble Jade mansion (1963) respectively. His swan song came in the 1980s when he consulted on Mimaland, Malaysia's first theme park, a hospitality venture that brought a Disney-style theme park to Southeast Asia.

Central Market
Central Market, Kuala Lumpur began life as a wet market in 1888 for Kuala Lumpur citizens and tin miners. It was built by Yap Ah Loy, the city's Chinese Kapitan. When the market continued to expand, a permanent structure was built to house all the vendors. In 1900, a permanent single-storey structure was erected to house all vendors under one roof. By the 1930s the structure was further improvised to the current façade.

T.Y Lee was the designer and architect of the original Central Market in 1936. A contract sum of $249,000.00 was bid for this project and it was awarded to the contractor Brizary & Co. from Singapore. However, the cost increased to $330,000.00 after realizing the additional Art Deco detailing. The project was completed in 1937 and was used for wholesale and retail sales until the end of 1970s.

The Central Market is one of the living examples of South East Asian Art Deco Architecture that is still well preserved and serving its original function. Art Deco is an influential visual arts design style introduced in France after World War I. Art Deco represented luxury, glamour, exuberance and faith in social and technological progress. Therefore, the bold ancient architectural design such as ziggurats and pyramid are often employed in Art Deco.

Blue Boy Mansion
Blue Boy Mansion is a seven-storey residential building and was built in 1962, located in Jalan Tong Shin, Kuala Lumpur. Funded by Hong Kong investor and built by Architect T.Y.Lee & Sons. It was built for mostly wealthy Chinese clients based in Kuala Lumpur. It is a resolutely modern apartment block. It consists of two rectangular courtyards, with shop lots on the ground floor perimeter, and a roof terrace. All apartments have cross ventilation, with views to the outside and to the courtyards. Perched atop a hill in Bukit Bintang, the upper floors enjoy panoramic views of the city. The architect's offices were located in the structure. The architect ran his office from the prestigious address. His later client, the Magnum Corporation, were also tenants.

Marble Jade Mansion
Marble Jade Mansion is an apartment block built in February 1963 in Jalan Berhala Brickfield, Kuala Lumpur. Developed by Siew Gaik Realty Co, and built by the chartered architects T.Y.Lee & Sons. It was a low cost condominium at RM15000 for each unit. The building consists of 60 units in four storey flat houses with 2 or 3 bedrooms with a square overlooking and open courtyard. It has 4 narrow staircases and limited size of walkway for drying clothes or a small shrine.

Bangunan Gurucharan
Bangunan Gurucharan was built in March, 1963. The architect of Bangunan Gurucharan is T.Y. Lee and Sons and the contractor was Yap Keow. The owner of the building is Madam Gurucharan Kaur. The idea was to provide flexible rentable space that could be partitioned off into separate, smaller offices if required. Buildings amenities were located to avoid inconvenience, including the air-conditioning ducts, lavatories, staircases, lifts, and lighting. This was achieved by locating the lifts, staircases, refuse chutes, lavatories, and air-conditioning ducts to one side of the building and leaving the other side of the building open to natural lighting and outlook. Rentable areas are free of column obstruction. The building also marks the architect's exploration of curtain wall construction.

Bungalows
T.Y. Lee designed 51 units of bungalow, according to the colonial classification system, types A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J and K at Ipoh Road for the Indian Co-operative Housing Society Ltd. The development was built in May 1954.

Court House
T.Y Lee designed a court house at Terengganu. It was built in January 1964. The architect of record was T. Y. Lee & Sons. It was built for the Public Works Department.

Post Office

The General post office Terengganu, is located at JKR 445, Jalan Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia. It was built in 1966 after the old wooden office was demolished in 1964. The building still stands

9 Storey Flat
Located on Lot 1301, Section 95, Jalan Thamby Abdullah, Kuala Lumpur. The high-rise, is in Kuala Lumpur's Brickfields neighborhood. Like the architect's other apartment house, Blue Boy Mansion, the 9 Storey Flat features a roof terrace. It was built in 1965 by Architect T.Y. Lee and Sons. In 2015, the once prestigious modern flat house lay abandoned.

Mimaland
Mimaland Theme Park, Malaysia’s first Theme Park was located at Gombak, Selangor, Malaysia. It was a hospitality venture that brought a Disney-style theme park to Southeast Asia owned by Magnum Corporation. Two areas of the park complex were the prehistorical animal kingdom and the giant maze. It started business in 1971 and it ceased operation in 1994 due to the dangerous landslide that filled the lake with mud; additionally, a Singaporean man drowned at the lake of Mimaland, which became an obsession of newspaper reporting for a time. It was later claimed that it had been built without approval on land earmarked for agriculture. T.Y. Lee was hired as a consultant for the project, and while it is certain that he worked on the project, his involvement with the design of specific buildings is unclear.

References

Malaysian architects
Modernist architecture
Art Deco


title: Canyon Creek, Montana

text:
Canyon Creek is a small community of less than 200 citizens in Lewis and Clark County, Montana, United States. Canyon Creek is located along Secondary Highway 279,  northwest of Helena. The community has an Antique and General Store with a U.S. Post Office, Volunteer Fire Station, Elementary School and a RV Park; it has a zip code of 59633.

The community's name comes from a nearby tributary of the Missouri River, which flows through a canyon.

Demographics

References

Unincorporated communities in Lewis and Clark County, Montana
Unincorporated communities in Montana


title: Love and Sorrow

text:
Love and Sorrow is an album by David Murray which was recorded in 1993 and released on the Japanese DIW label. It features performances by Murray's Quartet which included John Hicks and Fred Hopkins.

Reception
Allmusic awarded the album 3 stars".

Track listing
 "You'd Be So Nice to Come Home To" (Cole Porter) - 9:14
 "Old Folks" (Dedette Lee Hill, Willard Robison) - 10:47
 "Forever I Love You" (Tex Allen) - 5:25
 "Sorrow Song (For W.E.B. Dubois)" (David Murray) - 12:28
 "A Flower Is a Lovesome Thing" (Billy Strayhorn) - 6:29
 "You Don't Know What Love Is" (Gene de Paul, Don Raye) - 11:18

Personnel
David Murray - tenor saxophone, bass clarinet
John Hicks - piano
Fred Hopkins - bass
Idris Muhammad - drums

References

1996 albums
David Murray (saxophonist) albums
DIW Records albums


title: Acarospora flavisparsa

text:
Acarospora flavisparsa is a species of lichen in the family Acarosporaceae. Found in Portugal and Spain, it was described as new to science in 2011. The lichen grows on acidic rock walls in inland areas.

Taxonomy
Acarospora flavisparsa was described as a new species in the journal Phytotaxa in 2011. The type collection was made in San Lorenzo de El Escorial, a town and municipality in the Community of Madrid, Spain, in 1986. The specific epithet flavisparsa refers to the yellow squamules of the thallus.

Description
The thallus (body) is either areolate–meaning it is a cracked crust separated into segments (areoles)–or squamulose (containing scale-like lobes that are usually small and overlapping). Areoles have an irregular shape, and measure 0.5–3.5 mm in diameter and up to 2.25 mm thick. These areoles frequently form a short stipe and become squamulose. The color of the upper surface of the thallus ranges from yellow to greenish-yellow. The upper cortex is 40–125 μm thick and made of more or less globular cells arranged in several layers; the upper layers of cells contain yellow pigment, while the lower cell layers are hyaline (translucent). Underneath the cortex are a layer of algal cells up to 200 μm thick with cells that are 6–15 μm wide. The asci (spore-bearing cells) are club-shaped, contain more than 100 spores, and measure 70–130 by 18–30 μm. The spores are cylindrical to elongated in shape, hyaline, and have dimensions of 4–7.5 by 1.5–3.5 μm.

Habitat and distribution
The lichen grow on acidic rock walls located in inland areas. Collections have been made from more or less vertical rock walls at altitudes ranging from . Other lichen species that are typically associated with Acarospora flavisparsa include Protoparmelia montagnei, and, to a lesser extent, Dimelaena oreina. A. flavisparsa is known to occur only in Portugal and Spain, in continental Mediterranean areas.

References

flavisparsa
Lichen species
Lichens described in 2011
Lichens of Southwestern Europe


title: Bonnie McKee discography

text:
American singer and songwriter Bonnie McKee has released one studio album, two extended plays, 10 singles (including three as a featured artist), three promotional singles, and 13 music videos.

Albums

Studio albums

Extended plays

Singles

As lead artist

As featured artist

Promotional singles

Special releases

These songs were released onto McKee's Myspace account on November 26, 2008.

Music videos

See also
 List of songs written by Bonnie McKee

References

Discography
Discographies of American artists
Pop music discographies


title: Edward J. Cannon

text:
Edward J. Cannon (born Juneau County, Wisconsin, February 21, 1866 – 1934) was the first and longest-serving dean of the Gonzaga University School of Law. He served as dean from 1912 to 1934.

Career
A well respected lawyer, Cannon was lauded as "one of the brilliant members of the Spokane bar. At the time of his death in 1934, Cannon was also honored as a "model trial lawyer" by his peers.

Personal
While at Gonzaga, he and his wife Helen lived in a house built in 1911, at 416 E. Rockwood Boulevard in Spokane. Now known as the Edward & Helen Cannon House, it was placed on the National Register on April 14, 1997, and the Spokane Register on February 7, 2005.

References

Gonzaga University faculty
People from Juneau County, Wisconsin
Washington (state) lawyers
1866 births
1934 deaths
People from Spokane, Washington


title: IperEspresso

text:
IperEspresso is a single-serve capsule system for preparing espresso coffee and espresso-based drinks. It was developed and patented by Illy.

IperEspresso capsule contains a complete extraction group that replaces the traditional percolation process with a two-stage extraction. In the first stage, iper-infusion, hot water under pressure creates conditions that bring out coffee flavor and aroma. In the second stage, emulsification, the iper-infusion is forced through the valve at the bottom of the capsule, mixing the aromatic oils with air to produce cream.

Machines
IperEspresso capsules require special espresso machines, which are manufactured by FrancisFrancis! (a subsidiary of Illy), Gaggia (Saeco), and Cuisinart (Conair).

In addition to home espresso machines, Illy offers professional FrancisFrancis! X2.1 IperEspresso machines for hotels and restaurants.

Capsules
IperEspresso capsules are manufactured only by Illy. The cost per serving is 10% higher than Illy E.S.E pods, and twice higher than Illy ground or whole bean non-encapsulated coffee. Each capsule contains approximately 7 grams of coffee.

Illy offers three roast variations: normal, dark roast, and decaffeinated. It also offers Lungo, medium roast capsules that produce a longer (higher proportion of water) espresso, and the Monoarabica line, single-origin Arabica beans from six countries: Brazil, Guatemala, Ethiopia, Colombia, Costa Rica, and India. Seasonally, the company offers Idillyum, a low-caffeine Arabica grown in El Salvador.

References

External links

Espresso machines
Single-serving coffee makers
Coffee in Italy
Illycaffè
Italian inventions


title: Calotes desilvai

text:
Calotes desilvai, commonly known as the Morningside lizard, or the Ceylon black-band whistling lizard, is a species of lizard in the family Agamidae. Calotes desilvai is one of seven Calotes species endemic to Sri Lanka.

Etymology
The specific name, desilvai, is in honor of Sri Lankan herpetologist Anslem de Silva.

Habitat
The preferred natural habitat of C. desilvai is forest, at altitudes up to .

Description
C. desilvai has the following characteristics. The bands on the gular area are black. The shoulder pit is black. The scales on the ventral surface of the thigh are smooth.

Behavior
C. desilvai is arboreal and diurnal.

Reproduction
C. desilvai is oviparous.

References

External links
 http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Calotes_desilvai/classification/
 http://www.wildreach.com/reptile/Sauria/Calotes%20desilvai.php

Further reading
Bahir MM, Maduwage KP (2005). "Calotes desilvai, a new species of agamid lizard from Morningside Forest, Sri Lanka". Raffles Bulletin of Zoology Supplement (12): 381-392.
Somaweera R, Somaweera N (2009). Lizards of Sri Lanka, A Colour Guide with Field Keys. Frankfurt am Main, Germany: Edition Chimaira / Serpents Tale. 304 pp. .

desilvai
Reptiles of Sri Lanka
Reptiles described in 2005
Taxa named by Kalana Maduwage


title: McAllister, Montana

text:
McAllister is an unincorporated community in Madison County, Montana, United States. McAllister is located on U.S. Route 287,  north of Ennis. The community has a post office with ZIP code 59740.

The post office opened in 1869 under the name Meadow Creek. It was renamed in 1896 for James Alexander McAllister Jr., son of a couple who settled in the area in 1871.

Demographics

References

Unincorporated communities in Madison County, Montana
Unincorporated communities in Montana


title: Datarpur

text:
Datarpur is a village situated in Mukerian Tehsil, Hoshiarpur District, Punjab (India). Datarpur State was a small precolonial Indian hill state in the Lower Himalayas. The state was founded around 1550 and was annexed by the Sikh Empire in 1818.

Nearest city to the village is Talwara, famous for a hydro power project owned by BBMB. From ancient times Datarpur has been the center of business and education in the area.

Datarpur is famous for its spiritual centers, ancient Dushera Festival and market.

Spiritual places
Datarpur has spiritual centers including:

1) Darbar Shri Bawa Lal Dyal ji (one of 22 ancient gaddis of bawa lal ji)
2) Mandir Shri Sesh Nag ji  (4 km from datarpur in Bindraban Village )
3 ) Prachin Sankatmochan Hanuman ji Mandir .
4) Darbar Baba Dayalu Ji Maharaj (6 km from datarpur in Fatehpur Village )
5) Baba Ishwar Das ji (3 km from Datarpur in Repur Village) & more

History

Datarpur State was founded in the middle of the sixteenth century by Raja Datar Chand, a scion of the princely families of Siba and Guler who named the state after himself. From 1786 the state was a feudatory of Kangra State until Raja Govind Chand made an alliance with the Gurkha invaders from Nepal in 1806, securing his complete independence.
Govind Chand was succeeded by his son Jagat Chand when Datarpur was conquered by Ranjit Singh of Lahore in 1818 and annexed to the Sikh Empire of Pañjab (Punjab), although a jagir was granted to Jagat Chand as compensation. In 1848, Jagat Chand joined a rebellion against the British and was deposed, dispossessed and exiled to Almora. The territory of Datarpur was added to Siba State and annexed by the British Raj in 1849 as Dada-Siba. The descendants of Jagat Chand were given no jagir, but the royal house still exists.

Rulers

They bore the title 'Raja'.

Rajas
ca. 1550 – ... 	Datar Chand
 ... – ...              Ganesh Chand
 ... – ...              Chatar Chand
 ... – ...              Udai Chand
 ... – ...              Prithi Chand
 ... – ...              Jai Chand
 ... – ...              Dalel Chand
 ... – ...              Ugar Chand
 ... –1806                Nand Chand
1806–1818	            Govind Chand
1818–1848               Jagat Chand - in rebellion (died 1877)

See also
List of Rajput dynasties
Siba State

References

External links
Datarpur location

States and territories established in the 1550s
Princely states of India
History of Punjab
Hindu dynasties
Hindu states
Hoshiarpur district
Rajputs
1550s establishments in India
1849 disestablishments in India