title: Junus Effendi Habibie

text:
Junus Effendi Habibie (11 June 1937 – 12 March 2012) also known as Fanny Habibie was an Indonesian diplomat and younger brother of the third Indonesian President, B. J. Habibie.

Habibie was born in Parepare as the fifth of eight children. In 1961 he graduated from the Naval Academy in Surabaya. During the New Order he served as director general for marine transportation affairs.

In 1993 he was named Indonesian ambassador the United Kingdom, a position which he held until 1998. In 2006 he was named Indonesian ambassador to the Netherlands. In September 2010 he had an interview with Dutch newspaper Het Financieele Dagblad in which he made several remarks about the Party for Freedom and the people who voted for it, amongst others saying that those voters might be suffering from a "fear psychosis". His remarks led to questions in the Dutch parliament by Party for Freedom MPs Geert Wilders and Wim Kortenoeven. In the questions they asked whether Dutch Foreign Ministers Maxime Verhagen was willing to call Habibie over to the Foreign Ministry, Verhagen however did not wish to do so, citing that the remarks were made in freedom of speech and that Habibie had already retracted his words. Another incident occurred when Indonesian President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono cancelled his planned visit to the Netherlands for October 2010. Indonesia decided to cancel after it received information that the President might be arrested due to a court complaint made by the government-in-exile of the Republic of South Maluku of human rights violations. Habibie's term as ambassador ended late 2001.

He died on , from heart problems at the Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital in Central Jakarta. He had had bypass surgery two times before.

References

1937 births
2012 deaths
People from Parepare
Ambassadors of Indonesia to the United Kingdom
Ambassadors of Indonesia to the Netherlands
Junus


title: Chel family

text:
The Chels, Cheles, or Che'els (From Yucatec Che'el Staff / rod of justice or Chel arch sky / rainbow )(in Maya glyphs) were the ruling family of the Maya Kuchkabal of Ah Kin Chel.

The Chels originally hailed from Mayapan, one of the three capitals of the League of Mayapan, where they were traditionally priests and nobles.

Mo-Chel was the first ruler of Ah Kin Chel. He was originally a nobleman, the son-in-law of one of the principal priests at Mayapan. Another priest Ah Xupan Nauat married his daughter Namox Chel to Mo.

Mo-Chel is said to have foreseen the destruction of the League of Mayapan in 1441 and he fled with some followers to Tecoh near Izamal, where he established an independent state which he named Ah Kin (high priest, literally is from the sun) Chel (from his last name; this was a naming tradition used by many Kuchkabals).

The Chel family remained in rule until the end of Ah Kin Chel. Namux Chel was the last ruler of Ah Kin Chel, and was in power in 1527 when Francisco de Montejo visited. To avoid conflict he allowed the Spaniards passage through his territory.

References

History of Yucatán
Maya monarchs
Mayan chiefdoms of the Yucatán Peninsula


title: Käthe Kruse

text:
Käthe Kruse, born Katharina Simon (17 September 1883, in Dambrau – 19 July 1968, in Murnau am Staffelsee) was a notable pioneer of German doll-making and went on to establish manufacturing principles which persist to this day. Her original dolls remain very collectible due to their realism and durability, and fetch high prices from collectors.

Life
She was the love child of Breslau's Chief Accountant, Robert Rogaske, and seamstress Christiane Simon and grew up in very modest circumstances, even though her father did continue to visit and provide some support. After graduating from the public schools, she took acting classes and obtained a position at Berlin's Lessing Theater in 1900. She was also quite successful in other German cities and gave performances in Warsaw and Moscow as well under the stage name "Hedda Somin". In 1902, she met the sculptor and occasional set designer Max Kruse and became his mistress. Kruse had four children from a previous marriage, and went on to have eight children together. She began to make dolls for her own kids because Max Kruse thought the mass-manufactured ones were "hideous" and refused to buy them.

By 1909, they had three daughters of their own and decided to get married. The following year, her dolls were first publicly displayed at the Warenhaus Tietz (a department store chain founded by Hermann Tietz). They proved to be popular, so she began taking individual orders. The dolls were very simple at first, but later became much more lifelike. As she perfected her production methods, she began to model the dolls after her own children. Their naturalness (in comparison with the commercial variety) soon made her famous.

The hobby becomes a business

Two orders from the United States (the first for 150 dolls, the second for over 500) required her to establish a workshop with a large staff. In 1912, the family moved from Berlin to Bad Kösen, where the dolls continued to be handmade, despite the large number of orders. By 1925, counterfeit copies of her dolls were being made and she won her first copyright suit. Her company began to manufacture mannequins in 1934. Three years later she exhibited at the Paris Expo. Being generally uninterested in politics (except as it affected business), she placed her dolls together with figures of soldiers and welcomed Hjalmar Schacht to the German Pavilion. She also maintained contact with Jewish friends who had emigrated and refused to dismiss "Half-Jewish" employees.

During the war, it was difficult to get the necessary materials, so her business came to a standstill. Kruse's dolls took on a sorrowful countenance following the death of her son in battle, with the result that Adolf Hitler closed the factory and forbade her to make more dolls. She lost two of her sons in the war, and her husband died in 1942.

After the war, it was impossible to resume doll production in the Soviet occupation zone. In 1952, her company became a Volkseigener Betrieb ("Publicly Owned Corporation"). So, together with two of her sons (including the children's book author, Max, jr.), they started dollmaking workshops in Bad Pyrmont and Donauwörth and even managed to establish themselves in the Federal Republic. She still designed the dolls (and they were still handmade), but was not involved in production because of poor health. She spent her last years with her eldest daughter, Maria in Munich.

The company in recent years

Today, the dolls at the Käthe Kruse Manufactory in Donauwörth are still made by hand. The bodies are either made with muslin and stuffed with reindeer hair, or have an inner wire skeleton covered with tricot knitting. The heads are made of fabric, papier maché or polystyrene and hand painted. Many have wigs knitted from real hair or mohair. Over the years, Käthe's daughter and successor, Hanne Adler-Kruse, introduced new items made of velour or terrycloth for babies.

In 1990, the company was sold to Andrea and Stephen Christenson, who maintained the company's traditions. In 2013, the firm was acquired by Hape Holding AG of Lucerne.

In Donauwörth, there is a Käthe-Kruse-Puppenmuseum. Permanent exhibitions may be found at the "Romanisches Haus" in Bad Kösen.

References

Further reading
 Thomas Dahl: Käthe Kruse Puppen. Katalog und Preisführer. Puppen und Spielzeug, Duisburg 2005,
 Gabriele Katz: Käthe Kruse. Die Biografie. Osburg Verlag, Berlin 2010, .
 Käthe Kruse, new edition edited by Sofie Rehbinder-Kruse: Ich und meine Puppen. Herder, Freiburg, 1986, , formerly titled Das grosse Puppenspiel, 1951.
 Max Kruse: Die versunkene Zeit – Bilder einer Kindheit im Käthe Kruse Haus (1921–1933). BoD, Norderstedt 2000, .
 Max Kruse: Die behütete Zeit – eine Jugend im Käthe Kruse Haus (1933–1945). BoD, Norderstedt 2000, .
 Max Kruse: Die verwandelte Zeit – Der Wiederaufbau der Käthe Kruse Werkstätten in Bad Pyrmont (1945–1958). Puppen und Spielzeug, Duisburg 1996, .
 Käthe Kruse, Ursula Abels: Mein liebes Bärchen. Puppen und Spielzeug, Duisburg 1996, .
 Sabine Reinelt: Käthe Kruse, Leben und Werk. Kunstverlein Weingarten, Weingarten 1988, .
 Sabine Reinelt: Käthe Kruse – Auf dem Höhepunkt ihres Schaffens. Puppen und Spielzeug, Duisburg 2000, .

External links

 Käthe Kruse: Company website
 Puppenliste - Alte Käthe Kruse Puppen
 Käthe Kruse Museum website
 Exhibition @ Haus Schlesien, 2010
 Käthe Kruse Collection in the Romanischen Haus, Bad Kösen

1883 births
1968 deaths
Dollmakers
20th-century German businesswomen
20th-century German businesspeople
Businesspeople from Saxony-Anhalt
German artists
People from Garmisch-Partenkirchen (district)


title: Bimbo Akintola

text:
Bimbo Akintola   (born 5 May 1970) is a Nigerian actress.

Early life and education
Akintola was born on 5 May 1970 to a father from Oyo State and a mother from Edo State. She studied at Maryland Convent Private School in Lagos State. She proceeded to Command Day Secondary School, Lagos. She earned a degree in Theater Arts from University of Ibadan.

Early life
A family of six includes Abimbola as the third child. She began portraying a student alongside her peers for the school's end-of-year theater events, encouraged by her mother's encouragement. Her enthusiasm for performing intensified as she participated in more plays, eventually becoming second nature.

She was raised in Maryland, Lagos, where she received her elementary education at Maryland Convent Private School and her secondary school at Command Day School, also in Lagos. She completed her undergraduate studies in theatre arts at the University of Ibadan. The actress used to perform every weekend with the late Jaiye Aboderin at a club called Divine on Allen Avenue in Lagos when she was still in school.

Personal life
Celebrities that Bimbo has dated include actor Yemi Blaq.

Career
Her acting debut was when she featured in the film Owo Blow in 1995 alongside Femi Adebayo and followed up with Out of Bounds in 1997 with Richard Mofe Damijo. She was nominated for Best Actress in a Leading Role at the 2013 Nollywood Movies Awards.

Other recognitions for her skills include ;

1. Best Actress or English Actress in Nigeria in 1997.

2. Best Actress Award for the movie Heaven's Hell at the 2015 Eko International Film Festival.

Selected filmography
 Owo Blow (1995)
 Out of Bounds (1997)
Diamond Ring (1998)
 The Gardner (1998)
 Dangerous Twins (2004)
 Beyond the Verdict (2007)
 Smoke and Mirrors (2008)
 Hoodrush (2012)
 Ayitale (2013)
 Heaven's Hell (2015)
 93 Days (2016)
 Husbands of Lagos (2015)
 Circle of Three
 Lady Buckit and the Motley Mopsters
Diamonds In The Sky (2019)
The New Normal (2020)

Television series

References

External links

20th-century Nigerian actresses
21st-century Nigerian actresses
University of Ibadan alumni
Actresses from Ibadan
Living people
Yoruba actresses
Nigerian film actresses
Actresses in Yoruba cinema
1970 births
Nigerian television actresses
Actresses from Oyo State
People from Oyo State


title: No Sanctuary

text:
No Sanctuary may refer to:
 No Sanctuary (album), an album by Amebix
 "No Sanctuary" (The Walking Dead), an episode of The Walking Dead TV series


title: Lü Chenwei

text:
Lü Chenwei, also spelled Lyu Chenwei (; born 16 January 1991) is a Chinese former professional snooker player.

Career
Lü appeared in the 2010 China Open as a wildcard aged 19, but lost 5–2 to Robert Milkins. When the Asian Players Tour Championship events were introduced in 2012, it gave Lü an opportunity to qualify for the professional snooker tour. It was in 2013/2014 events where Lü started to make an impact and he reached semi-finals of the 2013 Zhangjiagang Open, where he lost out to eventual winner Ju Reti 4–2. This result was the main factor in Lü gaining a tour year place on the professional World Snooker Tour for the 2014–15 and 2015–16 seasons.

Debut season
Lü won a match as a professional at the first attempt by beating Dominic Dale 5–2 to qualify for the 2014 Wuxi Classic, where he lost 5–2 to Jack Lisowski. He could not win another match in a qualifying event during the rest of the season. He played in his first UK Championship as all tour players start at the venue stage of this event, but was defeated 6–1 by Ryan Day in the first round. Lü was the world number 113 after his first season on tour.

2015/2016 season
Lü won one match all season which came at a minor-ranking European Tour event. He did come very close to beating two-time world champion Mark Williams in the opening round of the Welsh Open by levelling at 3–3 from 3–1 down, but could not take advantage of numerous chances that came his way in the decider. He played in Q School to earn a place back on tour and lost twice in the fourth round. Whilst this was not enough it did give him entry to some events as a top-up player due to his Q School Order of Merit ranking.

2016/2017 season
He qualified for the Paul Hunter Classic and was whitewashed 4–0 by Thepchaiya Un-Nooh in the opening round. Lü entered Q School but did not get beyond the third round of either event.

Performance and rankings timeline

References

External links

 Lyu Chenwei at ProSnooker Blog.com

1991 births
Place of birth unknown
Living people
Chinese snooker players
21st-century Chinese people


title: Thomas Q. Ashburn

text:
Thomas Quin Ashburn (February 9, 1820 – January 17, 1890) was an American judge on the Supreme Court Commission of Ohio from 1876 to 1879, and a member of the Ohio State Senate for twelve days at the end of his life in 1890.

Thomas Ashburn was born at East Walnut Hills, Cincinnati, Ohio. He was the oldest of seven children of Richard Ashburn and Mary (Williams) Ashburn. The family soon moved to New Richmond, Clermont County, Ohio, where Thomas grew up.

Ashburn entered Miami University in 1838, and stayed for about eighteen months. He then taught school in New Richmond for two winters and spent his summers at farm labor. In 1841 he entered Jefferson College at Canonsburg, Pennsylvania, where he stayed through half his junior year. He then taught school again in Clermont County, and studied law at the Batavia, Ohio office of Shields & Howard, attorneys at that place.

Ashburn practiced law at New Richmond until 1846, when he removed to Batavia. He was prosecuting attorney of Clermont County from 1848 to 1852. In 1855, he ran for the Ohio Legislature, but was defeated. From 1861 to 1876, he was judge of Common Pleas for Adams, Brown and Clermont Counties. He ran for the Ohio Supreme Court in 1875, but was defeated 296,944 to 292,328 by Republican George W. McIlvaine.

Ashburn resigned from the Common Pleas Court in 1876, when he was appointed to the Supreme Court Commission of Ohio for a three year term by Governor Rutherford B. Hayes.

In February, 1879, after the commission was dissolved, Ashburn entered a partnership with George W. Hulick of Batavia, which continued until his death. In November 1889, he was elected to the Ohio State Senate as a Democrat. The session began January 6, 1890, and a dying Ashburn was carried into the chambers to vote for Calvin S. Brice for United States Senator on January 14 and 15. He died January 17, 1890.

Ashburn was married to Sarah W. Penn on December 3, 1846. She died November 10, 1854, survived by four children. He remarried to Mary Ellen Griffith, a first cousin of Ulysses S. Grant, on March 27, 1856, and they had two children.

Notes

References

External links

Members of the Supreme Court Commission of Ohio
1820 births
1890 deaths
Miami University alumni
Washington & Jefferson College alumni
People from New Richmond, Ohio
County district attorneys in Ohio
Democratic Party Ohio state senators
Ohio state court judges
People from Batavia, Ohio
19th-century American politicians
19th-century American judges


title: Timber Drop

text:
Timber Drop is a steel roller coaster located at the Fraispertuis City amusement park in Jeanménil, France. With a slope of 113.1°, the coaster held the world record for the steepest drop in the world from 1 July 2011 to 16 July 2011 and currently holds the record for the steepest roller coaster drop in Europe.

History

On 8 October 2010 at the trade show of the Euro Attractions Show in Rome, Fraispertuis City finalized the purchase of a new roller coaster to be built by S&S – Sansei Technologies. Named Timber Drop, the coaster was inaugurated on 1 July 2011 and opened to the public the next day.

The coaster is an "El Loco" model, of which there are variants in five other parks. When Timber Drop was installed, two other El Loco coasters existed: One named Steel Hawg at Indiana Beach in the United States and another named Mumbo Jumbo at Flamingo Land Theme Park & Zoo in England. Steel Hawg (opened in 2008) and Mumbo Jumbo (opened in 2009) were holders of the world's steepest roller coaster drops of 111° and 112° respectively. Timber Drop had a steeper-than-vertical drop of 113.1°, which allowed it to win the title when opening. However, this record was exceeded fifteen days later, with the opening of Takabisha (121°) at Fuji-Q Highland in Japan on 16 July 2011.

With a total budget of 4 million euros, Timber drop represented the largest investment in the park since its inception. More than one million euros is spent on decoration and arrangement of attraction, entrusted to the company Artistic Concrete Workshop. The theme of the attraction is that of redwoods. Trains and pass through several tree stumps during the run, various cut logs decorate the area surrounding the attraction.

Since its opening, a counter was set up on the attraction, to count the number of visitors riding Timber Drop. The park, in partnership with the association "Trees for Life" decided to educate visitors on the issue of deforestation. Fraispertuis City committed to donate money to replant and maintain one tree for every 500 riders. In 2011, the park has recorded 146,500 riders, which led to the replanting of 293 trees in Benin.

References


title: 1881 Harvard Crimson football team

text:
The 1881 Harvard Crimson football team represented Harvard University in the 1881 college football season. They Crimson compiled a record of 6–1–1. The team was managed by first-year head coach, Lucius Littauer, and captained for the second year by William H. Manning.

Schedule

Game summaries

October 31: Harvard 4, Michigan 0
Harvard played Michigan on October 31 in the first matchup of teams from the west and east. The Boston Journal carried a lengthy article about the game, saying that Harvard scored one touchdown and Michigan none. "Yesterday afternoon, in a drenching rain, for the first time an Eastern foot-ball eleven played with a Western eleven. The Western college boys have long wished a chance to try their powers with Eastern opponents, and, to effect this, the University of Michigan this fall have sent on a representative eleven to play the largest of the Eastern colleges. Their first opponent were the Harvard team. They were beaten but with fair weather the result would have been very uncertain. As it was, Harvard won more by luck than by superiority in strength or skill, for with the exception of the first ten minutes they were forced to play a defensive game. ...  During the second half hour the ball was near the Harvard line constantly. Once it came within three feet of the chalk, but the most desperate fighting on the Harvard forced it back foot by foot until the immediate danger was over. ... The Michigan team excelled in running, and their tackling was very fair. As to passing, they did very little. It was by all odds the best game seen in Boston this fall."

In 1901, one of the Michigan players, Fred Townsend, wrote an account of the 1881 trip. He said Harvard scored a touchdown at the very beginning of the game, but missed the try for goal. Michigan recovered and came within three yards of scoring a touchdown in the second half, but they were held for downs by the bigger Harvard players.

References

Harvard
Harvard Crimson football seasons
Harvard Crimson football
19th century in Boston


title: Emrah Cebeci

text:
Emrah Cebeci (born 14 April 1989) is a Turkish footballer who last played for Fostiras in the Football League (Greece) as a midfielder.

References

External links

1989 births
Living people
Turkish men's footballers
TFF First League players
Denizlispor footballers
Football League (Greece) players
Men's association football midfielders
Footballers from Cologne (region)
German men's footballers
German sportspeople of Turkish descent
People from Stolberg (Rhineland)
German expatriate men's footballers
Turkish expatriate men's footballers
German expatriate sportspeople in Belgium
Turkish expatriate sportspeople in Belgium
Expatriate men's footballers in Belgium
German expatriate sportspeople in Greece
Turkish expatriate sportspeople in Greece
Expatriate men's footballers in Greece


title: Imaigal

text:
Imaigal () is a 1983 Indian Tamil-language film, directed by R. Krishnamoorthy and produced by Thiruppur Mani of Vivekananda Pictures. The film stars Sivaji Ganesan, Saritha, Sarath Babu and Sudarshan. It was released on 12 April 1983.

Plot

Akbar Basha is a do-gooder fisherman and don protecting his fishing community against the evil rich man played by Sudarshan. Sudarshan's son cheats Saritha, impregnates her and leaves her. Akbar Basha takes her under his wing without knowing who cheated her for Sudarshan's son is a do-gooder himself and joins with Basha to provide legal aid. Basha also has vowed to kill whoever had cheated Saritha. Eventually, Sarath Babu is married and at a critical point, to save Akbar Basha, Saritha risks and loses the life of her child. In the end, when Akbar Basha finds out the truth, he goes to kill Sarath Babu who is saved by dying Saritha killing Akbar Basha to save her lover.

Cast

Sivaji Ganesan as Akbar Baasha
Saritha
Sarath Babu
Sudarshan
Y. G. Mahendran
Goundamani
Manorama
V. Gopalakrishnan
Peeli Sivam
Rajyalakshmi
Jayamalini
Silk Smitha
Oru Viral Krishna Rao
Idichapuli Selvaraj

Production
Vinu Chakravarthy took only two characters from a Gujarati film and made a new plot out of it, Imaigal.

Soundtrack
Soundtrack was composed by Gangai Amaran. The song "Madapuravo" is set in the Carnatic raga Mayamalavagowla.

Reception
Kalki wrote Ganesan's work, Saritha's performance and Sarath Babu's presence for a meaningless story have gone in vain.

References

External links

1983 films
1980s Tamil-language films
Films directed by R. Krishnamoorthy
Films scored by Gangai Amaran


title: Zber

text:
Fiszel Zylberberg, most commonly known as Zber (23 June 1909 – 26 October 1942) was a Jewish artist, best known for his work in xylography (woodcut engraving). Zber was said to be a young artist who was a genius of the graphic arts, so much so that his style was known to have a "lyricism drawn from life itself." His masterpieces are now represented in the Israel Museum in Jerusalem, the Tel-Aviv Museum, the Museum of Modern art in Haifa, the Bibliothèque Nationale in Paris, and in many other reputable art museums.

Hailed as a ‘poet of his generation’, Zber's artwork encapsulated all that was around him. Whether it was the intimate nature around him, or the diligent workers doing their trade, his artwork was known to be authentic and true to reality, to the point where it is said to be palpable.

Zber's career was quickly accelerating and he was becoming increasingly renowned as a young protégée, with his reputation spreading far and wide, when the Nazis invaded France in 1940. Sadly, Zber was captured while working in Paris and was sent to the Auschwitz extermination camp, where he was murdered in the prime of his career. Although his career was short-lived, Zber's artwork left an indelible mark that speaks to the life and conditions of early 20th century Europe, with great historical relevance.

Although most of his creations were destroyed by the Nazis, 39 of his woodcuts (plates) were found after the liberation of Paris, and are now housed in the Safed Museum of the Printing Art in Israel. An album of Zber's surviving woodcuts was published in 1971. In 2007, the Musée d'Art et d'Histoire du Judaïsme in Paris exhibited a collection of Zber's oil paintings that he completed while in the French internment camp Beaune-la-Rolande.

Early life

Zber was born in Płock, a small town in Poland, on June 23, 1909.  He grew up in a traditional Jewish home with three siblings - two brothers and a sister - and his two parents.  Zber's mother, Hina, was a homemaker who focused on raising her children.  They owned a small local grocery store, which was the source of their income.  Wolf, Zber's father, was known to be a man of integrity and he was elected parnas (religious and civic leader) for the community of Płock.

Zber's childhood was spent at the village Jewish elementary school and at Heder (school). During his time at Heder, Zber learned religious studies and he became more attuned to his Jewish identity. His creative talents surfaced as a young boy while he was in elementary school, where he enjoyed drawing in pencil and crayon.  In school, Zber's first sculptural exhibit was a Greek head that he sculpted from a picture. Zber's teacher was the first to discover his artistic brilliance and the school principal, who was an artist herself, encouraged him to hone his natural talent and make an effort to continue in the artistic field.  At school painting competitions, Zber was rewarded with the first prize, and his displays received much praise.

At the age of 16, Zber moved to Warsaw with the intention of actively pursuing his artistic career. This was made possible by the financial support Zber received from the Jewish intellectuals in his hometown who believed in his artistic endeavors. There, as a way of earning income, Zber worked during the day at a picture postcard factory, and took private drawing lessons during his free time at night. This period of his life lasted for five years as preparation for attending the Warsaw Academy of Arts, where he was finally admitted in 1930. Zber studied drawing, painting and the techniques of printed graphic art. During this period of study, Zber discovered his love for wood engraving, and he entered the graphic arts studio under Wladyslaw Skoczylas. Skoczylas was a Polish artist born in Warsaw, who won the bronze medal for his series of artwork in the Olympic Games art competitions.

Career

Zber's professional career beyond his studies began in 1936, at the age of 27, where his art was first exhibited at the ‘Black and White’ exhibition displayed in the ‘Zachenta’ Polish Artists’ Gallery in Warsaw. Twenty-two of the exhibits in this exhibition were Zber's pieces. The public's response to his work was tremendous and the Polish government awarded him an eight-month scholarship to study in Paris. In the same year, Zber created his own portfolio of artwork and presented himself to the well-known Jewish art critic, Chil Aronson. The critic was impressed with Zber's work and gave him much praise as a xylography protégée. Despite the difficult conditions in Paris, Zber continued living there, working for French journals. A year after his debut in Warsaw, Zber displayed his engravings of Jewish figures from his hometown, Płock, at the Paris World's Fair in 1937. From that year on, his work was regularly displayed around Paris, in salons and large annual art exhibitions. He was praised by high-ranking Parisian critics, and graphic arts experts wrote admiringly of him as a masterly young artist with a genius for wood engraving.

The extent to which Zber embraced Paris as his new home is evident through the artwork that emerged from this period of his life. He was deeply inspired by the scenes and environments he was exposed to. In 1938, after coming into contact with the enlightened Jewry of the Baltic countries, thirty-five of his pieces were exhibited in an exhibition entitled ‘Jewish Graphic Art’. The exhibition was received by the principal towns of all the Baltic countries as well as Eastern Europe. The last exhibition of his career was the display of his prints by the publishing firm of the Rue des Beaux Arts, followed by having his work published in a limited edition album, submitted to the Bibliothèque Nationale.

Holocaust

Zber's successful but short career was to put to a halt in 1940 when Nazi Germany overtook Paris. Zber fled Paris in late May 1940 with a group of about ten Polish friends including his fellow artists and art school friends Ilya Schor and Resia Schor but then decided to return to be with Stenia Bonder. Of that group, only the Schors survived the Shoah. Zber married Stenia Bonder, who fought in the anti-Nazi underground movement in France. On May 14, 1941, Zber was arrested and sent, with 5,000 other Jews, to the French internment concentration camp of Beaune-La-Rolande. Even under these conditions he continued to pursue his artwork, such that, a recent exhibition in the Musee d’Art et d’Histoire du Judaisme included portraits painted by Zber while he was imprisoned there. He was in this concentration camp for over a year, until the 16th of July 1942, when he was transferred to the Pithiviers camp, and the next day to the Auschwitz extermination camp.

References

External links
 Martwa natura by Zber in Central Jewish Library

1909 births
1942 deaths
Polish emigrants to France
Polish male artists
Polish people who died in Auschwitz concentration camp
Polish Jews who died in the Holocaust


title: Spalacopsis chemsaki

text:
Spalacopsis chemsaki is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Tyson in 1973.

References

Spalacopsis
Beetles described in 1973


title: Spalacopsis filum

text:
Spalacopsis filum is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Johann Christoph Friedrich Klug in 1829.

References

Spalacopsis
Beetles described in 1829


title: Spalacopsis fusca

text:
Spalacopsis fusca is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Gahan in 1892.

References

Spalacopsis
Beetles described in 1892


title: Spalacopsis grandis

text:
Spalacopsis grandis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Chevrolat in 1862.

References

Spalacopsis
Beetles described in 1862


title: Robbie Daymond

text:
Robert Daymond Howard (born March 11, 1982) is an American voice actor who is mostly known for his roles in video games, animation, anime and audiobooks. Some of his best known roles include Spider-Man in Marvel’s Spider-Man and various Marvel media, SwaySway in the Nickelodeon program Breadwinners, Jesse Cosay in the second season of Infinity Train,  Goro Akechi in Persona 5, Prompto Argentum in Final Fantasy XV, and on-camera as Dorian Storm in the  TTRPG live-play web series Critical Role.

Biography
Robbie Daymond was born Robert Daymond Howard in Chesterfield, Missouri on March 11, 1982, the son of Laura Marks. His mother is of German descent and his biological father is of Native American ancestry. His father left the family when Daymond was an infant, leaving his mother to raise him with the help of her parents in Warrenton, Missouri.  He took an interest in acting in 1992 after participated in the play On Golden Pond.

After Daymond's mother remarried, he was adopted by his step-father Gregory Allen Howard in 1995 and  changed his last name to Howard. His family then moved to St. Charles, Missouri. In 2000, he attended Webster University, but later transferred to the University of Nevada, Las Vegas, where he graduated with a BFA in Theatre Performance in 2004. He taught and performed at the Nevada Conservatory Theatre, which was related to UNLV, and received his MFA at UNLV in 2007.

Career
In 2007, Daymond moved to Los Angeles, where he worked as a college instructor at the New York Film Academy and Quixote Studio. He did some acting in film, television and commericals, but started doing more voice-over work in 2009; by 2011, he was working full-time in voice acting for cartoons, anime, and video games.

Daymond voiced the lead character in various cartoons: SwaySway in the Nickelodeon program Breadwinners, Blake Myers in the Nick cartoon Get Blake!, and the title character in Marvel’s Spider-Man which first aired on Disney XD in 2017.

In anime and video games, Daymond's roles have included: Tuxedo Mask in the Viz Media re-dub of Sailor Moon, Mumen Rider in One-Punch Man, Hubert von Vestra in Fire Emblem: Three Houses, Sorey in Tales of Zestiria, Goro Akechi in  Persona 5, Lloyd Bannings in The Legend of Heroes: Trails of Cold Steel II and IV, Joe Kido in Digimon Adventure tri. and Prompto Argentum in Final Fantasy XV, Fret in Halo: Infinite, Smokey Brown in JoJo's Bizarre Adventure, Chrollo Lucilfer in Hunter x Hunter, Kayn in League of Legends as well as The Seven Deadly Sins, Adam Bindewald in Godzilla: Planet of the Monsters, Godzilla: City on the Edge of Battle, and Godzilla: The Planet Eater, Chai in "Hi-Fi Rush," and Stardust Cookie in "Cookie Run: Kingdom."

From June to August 2021, Daymond appeared on Exandria Unlimited, a spinoff limited series of the web series Critical Role. He played Dorian Storm, an air genasi bard. He continued to play Dorian in Critical Role's third campaign for the first fourteen episodes. In March 2022, he reprised the role in the two part special Exandria Unlimited: Kymal. Daymond is also one of the narrators for the audiobook edition of the novel Critical Role: Vox Machina – Kith & Kin (2021).
In 2023, he voices the main character, Chai, in the recently released rhythm action game Hi-Fi Rush created by Tango Gameworks.

Personal life
Daymond met Megan Lynn Strand in 2004 while they were studying at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas. They reside in Los Angeles, where they spent eight years in an on-and-off relationship before becoming engaged in 2017. They were married on April 7, 2019. Their first child, a daughter named Lynnyx Lola Ann Howard, was born on June 7, 2018. Their second child, a son named Rohan Eldon Howard, was born on January 9, 2021.

Filmography

Anime

Television

Films

Video games

Web

References

External links

1982 births
Living people
Actual play performers
American male video game actors
American male voice actors
American people who self-identify as being of Apache descent
American people of German descent
American voice directors
Audiobook narrators
Male actors from Missouri
People from Warrenton, Missouri
Television producers from Missouri
University of Nevada, Las Vegas alumni
20th-century American male actors
21st-century American male actors


title: Romans 7

text:
Romans 7 is the seventh chapter of the Epistle to the Romans in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. It is authored by Paul the Apostle, while he was in Corinth in the mid-50s AD, with the help of an amanuensis (secretary), Tertius, who adds his own greeting in Romans 16:22.

Text
The original text was written in Koine Greek. This chapter is divided into 25 verses.

Textual witnesses

Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter are:
Codex Vaticanus (AD 325–350)
Codex Sinaiticus (330–360)
Codex Alexandrinus (400–440)
Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus (~450; complete)

Old Testament references
 Romans 7:7 references Exodus 20:17 and Deuteronomy 5:21

Lifelong authority of the Law (7:1–4)
The concluding discussion in chapter 6 on slavery and freedom leads to the reintroduction of the topic of "the law and sin", that a believer has died not only to sin (6:3) but also to the law (verses 1–4).

Verse 1

"Has dominion" or "rules"; writing to "those who know the [Jewish] Law, Paul says that the Law has authority over a man (only) "as long as he lives" (verse 1).

Jewish Christians in Rome would have been familiar with the Hebrew Bible but many commentators recognise that "the whole Roman Church, whether Jewish or Gentile, would be familiar with it; many of them having been disciples of the synagogue, and all being directed constantly to the use of the Old Testament by apostolic precept and example". William Robertson Nicoll, however, argues that "neither Roman nor Mosaic law is specially referred to: the argument rests on the nature of law in general".

Marriage provides an example as stated in verse 2.

Verse 2

Verse 3

The one who dies is the "law", metaphorically "the husband", so from that time, the wife (the
believer) is no longer subject to his authority, that is "may not be judged a sinner" ('an adulterer') when remarrying. On the other hand, when the law has not died, one who disregards it (like a person who has an affair) may be judged as a sinner.

Verse 4

The conclusion "you [therefore] have died to the law through the body of Christ" aligns with the statement in verse 1 that "the law is binding on a person only during
a person's lifetime".

The law provides knowledge of sin (7:5–25)
A connection between 'law' and 'sin' was stated in the earlier parts of the epistle (Romans 3:20, 4:15, 5:13, and 5:20), but because this is regarded "surprising and controversial" for most readers, Paul elaborates more in chapter 6 and 7, especially in verses 5–12 where the law itself is said to be a cause of sin.

Verse 7
Paul asks a rhetorical question in verse 7:

Verse 8

Verse 9

 :Once I was alive without the law. But when this commandment came, sin came to life and I died}}

Verse 25

The second part of verse 25 may be paraphrased as "Thus, left to myself, I serve...", which may better capture Paul's meaning. It
should take account of Romans 8:1–7, as the person "with [the] flesh", "a slave to the law of
sin" in this verse will be the believer "not in the flesh" in chapter 8 (Romans 8:9) and is "set free from the law of sin" (Romans 8:2). Therefore, the final sentence of this verse seems to state the "best claim to be a description of believers" as it apparently comes with Paul's Christian thanksgiving (after verse 24). But since Paul did not know Christ's name at verse 24, then prior to and including verse 25 he was not speaking as a Christian, but as one still in bondage to sin, only exclaiming that, yes, there IS an answer, but then continuing with his explanation of death under the old covenant by stating that the MIND of natural man under law is subject to two laws, the one being the law of God but the other which dominates him as the law of sin.  Only in 8:2 is he depicted to be set free from the law of sin as a Christian.

See also
 Ten Commandments
 Torah
 Related Bible parts: Exodus 20, Deuteronomy 5, Romans 6, Romans 8

Notes

References

Sources

External links
 King James Bible - Wikisource
English Translation with Parallel Latin Vulgate
Online Bible at GospelHall.org (ESV, KJV, Darby, American Standard Version, Bible in Basic English)
Multiple bible versions at Bible Gateway (NKJV, NIV, NRSV etc.)

07


title: Spalacopsis howdeni

text:
Spalacopsis howdeni is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by W.H. Tyson in 1970. Tyson in his article - The Spalacopsis of the West Indies and America North of Mexico (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), describes the beetle as native to the America North of Mexico and West Indies.

References

Spalacopsis
Beetles described in 1970


title: Bimbo Manuel

text:
Bimbo Manuel  (born 30 October 1958) is a Nigerian actor. He was nominated for Best actor in a supporting role at the 2013 Nollywood Movies Awards.

Career
Bimbo hails from Lagos State. After graduating from the University of Port Harcourt with a degree in Theater Arts, he began his television career in 1985 as a broadcaster at Ogun State Broadcasting Corporation (OGBC). He later moved to Ogun State Television (OGTV) before commencing his acting career in 1986

Selected filmography

Films
King Invincible
Women's Cot (2005)
Tango with Me (2010)
Heroes & Zeros (2012)
Torn (2013)
Dazzling Mirage  (2014)
Render to Caesar (2014)
October 1 (2014)
Heaven's Hell (2015)
Shijuwomi (2015)
93 Days (2016)
Banana Island Ghost (2017)
Seven (2019)
Charge and Bail (2021)
If i am president 2018

Television
Checkmate
Fuji House of Commotion
Tinsel
Castle and Castle
King of Boys: The Return of the King
The Governor (2016)

References

External links

20th-century Nigerian male actors
21st-century Nigerian male actors
Living people
1958 births
Male actors from Lagos State
Yoruba male actors
University of Port Harcourt alumni
Male actors in Yoruba cinema
Nigerian male television actors


title: Spalacopsis lobata

text:
Spalacopsis lobata is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Breuning in 1942.

References

Spalacopsis
Beetles described in 1942


title: Spalacopsis macra

text:
Spalacopsis macra is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Tyson in 1973.

References

Spalacopsis
Beetles described in 1973


title: Spalacopsis ornatipennis

text:
Spalacopsis ornatipennis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Fisher in 1935.

References

Spalacopsis
Beetles described in 1935


title: Adventure SA

text:
Adventure SA  (doing business as Adventure Paramotors) is a French aircraft manufacturer based in Méré, Yonne. The company was founded by Guy Léon-Dufour; Andrea Testoni is the current president and general manager. The company specializes in the design and manufacture of paramotors.

The company was founded in 1990 in Paris, France and was one of the earliest manufacturers of paramotors. Their products have been widely sold and achieved a good safety record.

Bertrand et al said of the company in 2003:

Aircraft

References

External links

Aircraft manufacturers of France
Paramotors
Companies based in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté


title: Spalacopsis phantasma

text:
Spalacopsis phantasma is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Bates in 1885.

References

Spalacopsis
Beetles described in 1885


title: Spalacopsis protensa

text:
Spalacopsis protensa is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Pascoe in 1871.

References

Spalacopsis
Beetles described in 1871


title: Sandhippu

text:
Sandhippu () is a 1983 Indian Tamil-language masala film, directed by C. V. Rajendran and produced by Santhi Narayanasamy. The film stars Sivaji Ganesan, Sridevi, Sujatha, M. N. Nambiar and Prabhu. It is a remake of the 1981 Hindi film Naseeb. The film ran for over 175 days in theatres, becoming a silver jubilee hit.

Plot
Ramanathan is the trustee of the town temple and Muthayya is the dharmagatha. The two men are highly respected in town and their families are also close.
Rajavelu works for Ramanathan but it is a cover to scope the temple and steal the jewelry. He and his partner Vedagiri drug Ramanathan, kill Muthayya and steal the jewels. Ramanathan finds them but they threaten his family to force him to sign a confession then beat him up. The police believe Ramanathan to be the thief and the incensed townspeople drive his wife, Lakshmi, and his sons out of town. Lakshmi and the boys – Raja and Vijay – are separated. Many years later, Raja works as a waiter at a club and a part-time boxer to put Vijay through college. Lakshmi is the adoptive mother to singer Geetha who performs at the same club as Raja. Vijay is in love with collegemate Chithra. She is the deceased Muthayya's daughter but neither is aware of their connection. Raja and Geetha also fall in love but have to contend with Prem – the new co-owner of the club and Vedagiri's son – lusting after Geetha. Rajavelu and Vedagiri are now very rich men that work for the mysterious and powerful criminal Don. Raja recognizes Rajavelu when he visits the club and begins investigating the two. This soon leads him to Don who Raja is shocked to realize is his father. He also rekindles his friendship with his childhood friend Vasanth who he learns is Rajavelu's son and another owner of the club. To complicate matters further, Vasanth falls in love with Geetha. Raja must now unwind the complicated mess he finds himself in to reunite his scattered family and bring the criminals to justice.

Cast

Sivaji Ganesan as Ramanathan and Raja
Sujatha as Lakshmi
Prabhu as Vijay
Sridevi as Geetha
Radha as Chitra
Major Sundarrajan as Rajavelu
M. N. Nambiar as Vedagiri
Sathyaraj as Dany
Sarath Babu as Vasanth
R. N. Sudarshan as Don
Manorama as Saroja
Vijayakumar as Prem
Vadivukkarasi as Thangu
Delhi Ganesh as Muthayya
Gandhimathi as Philomina
Vennira Aadai Moorthy as Principal
Master Haja Sheriff

Soundtrack
The music was composed by M. S. Viswanathan, with lyrics by Vaali.

Reception
Jayamanmadhan of Kalki wrote C. V. Rajendran makes us feel as we watch the film in fatigue wondering if its for 18 reels and we are surprised that the film ends too quickly.

References

External links

1980s masala films
1980s Tamil-language films
1983 films
Films directed by C. V. Rajendran
Films scored by M. S. Viswanathan
Tamil remakes of Hindi films


title: Sandys (surname)

text:
Sandys is a surname of Old English origin. It is an older spelling of Sands, and is now usually pronounced as such.

People with the surname
 Anthony Frederick Augustus Sandys (1829–1904), British Pre-Raphaelite painter, aka Frederic Sandys
 Charles Sandys (1786–1859), English antiquarian
 Charles Sandys (captain), captain of
 Duncan Sandys (1908–1987), British politician
 Edwin Sandys (disambiguation), several individuals:
 Edwin Sandys (bishop) (1519–1588)
 Edwin Sandys (died 1629) (1561–1629)
 Edwin Sandys (died 1608) (–1608)
 Edwin Sandys (died 1623) (1591–1623)
 Edwin Sandys (MP for Worcestershire) (1659–1699)
 Edwin Sandys, 2nd Baron Sandys (1726–1797)
 Edwina Sandys (born 1938), British artist
 Elspeth Sandys (born 1940), New Zealand author
 Emma Sandys (1843–1877), English painter
 George Sandys (1577–1644)
 George John Sandys (1875–1937), British diplomat
 Henry Sandys (disambiguation), several individuals:
 Henry Sandys (MP) (–1640)
 Henry Sandys, 5th Baron Sandys (died 1644), English nobleman and Cavalier officer
 John Sandys (disambiguation), several individuals:
 John Sandys (–1586), Roman Catholic priest and martyr
 John Sandys (MP), late 14th-century member of parliament for Hampshire
 John Sandys (classicist) (1844–1922), British classical scholar
 Laura Sandys (born 1964), British politician
 Marcus Sandys, 3rd Baron Sandys (1798–1863)
 Mary Hill, Marchioness of Downshire née Sandys (1764–1836)
 Miles Sandys (disambiguation), several individuals:
 Miles Sandys (died 1601)
 Miles Sandys (died 1636)
 Sir Miles Sandys, 1st Baronet (1563–1645)
 Nehemiah Sandys of Sandfield, High Sheriff of Roscommon (1788)
 Robert Sandys, High Sheriff of Roscommon (1683, 1685)
 Samuel Sandys (disambiguation), several individuals:
 Samuel Sandys (died 1623) (1560–1623)
 Samuel Sandys (Royalist) (1615–1685)
 Samuel Sandys (died 1701) (–1701)
 Samuel Sandys, 1st Baron Sandys (1695–1770)
 Thomas Sandys (disambiguation), several individuals:
 Thomas Sandys, 2nd Baron Sandys (died 1560), English peer
 Thomas Sandys (MP for Gatton) (1600–1658), English politician
 Thomas Sandys (merchant) (fl. 1682–1683), English merchant, subject of the legal case East India Company v. Sandys
 Thomas Sandys (1837–1911), British army officer and politician
 Walter Sandys (disambiguation), several individuals:
 Walter Sandys (died 1435) (–1435)
 Walter Sandys (died 1609) (–1609)
 William Sandys (disambiguation), several individuals:
 William Sandys, 1st Baron Sandys (1470–1540), English diplomat
 William Sandys (waterworks engineer) (1607–1669), politician and navigational engineer
 William Sandys (antiquarian) (1792–1874), English antiquarian and Christmas carol collector

See also
 Baron Sandys
 Sandys baronets
 Sandy (surname)
 Sandys (disambiguation)

References

Surnames of Old English origin


title: Spalacopsis similis

text:
Spalacopsis similis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Gahan in 1892.

References

Spalacopsis
Beetles described in 1892


title: Spalacopsis spinipennis

text:
Spalacopsis spinipennis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Fisher in 1936.

References

Spalacopsis
Beetles described in 1936


title: Ruger Model 44

text:
The Ruger Model 44 is a semi-automatic rifle chambered in .44 Remington Magnum designed and manufactured by American firearm company Sturm, Ruger & Co. It uses a 4-round tubular magazine and was produced from 1961 to 1985.

History
Designed as a close range carbine for deer hunting in dense woods, Ruger released the Model 44 Carbine in 1961 as the "Deerstalker", a moniker it used until 1962 after which a lawsuit brought by the Ithaca Gun Company prohibited them from doing so. The design influenced the smaller and more popular Ruger 10/22 model chambered in .22 LR that would debut in 1964. The rifle was discontinued in 1985 due to high production costs. Ruger does not offer any parts support for the Model 44.

The Ruger Model 44 was replaced by the Ruger Deerfield Carbine introduced in 2000 and produced until 2006. The Deerfield is a brand new design and has little in common with the Model 44. While the Model 44 featured a solid-topped receiver, the modern Deerfield Carbine has an open-top design more resembling the M1 Carbine, which offered increased strength and lower production costs. The Deerfield uses a rotary magazine similar to that used on Ruger's .22 LR 10/22 rifle.

Design
The standard model featured a walnut stock and a barrel band similar to the Ruger 10/22 and the M1 Carbine, but using a solid top receiver. The front sight was a gold bead and the rear sight was a folding leaf-type. The receiver was drilled and tapped for scope mounts. The rifle was fed via a 3 round tubular magazine.

The chief complaint of the rifle was that the gas ports quickly fouled when using lead ammunition. This became less of an issue as manufacturers of .44 Magnum ammunition offered jacketed rounds instead of traditional lead.

Ruger offered several variants including the RS model that had factory sling swivels and a rear peep sight close to the rear receiver lug. The International Model was similar, but lacked the rear peep sight and had a Mannlicher-type stock. The Sporter was the same, but made use of a Monte-Carlo style of stock. These three variants were dropped from production in 1971. In the final year of production, Ruger offered a "25th Anniversary Edition" that featured a Ruger medallion embedded in the stock.

Images

References

External links
 User Manual

.44 Magnum firearms
Semi-automatic rifles of the United States
Ruger rifles
Rotary magazine firearms


title: Spalacopsis stolata

text:
Spalacopsis stolata is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Newman in 1842. Also referred to as Spalacopsis pertenuis.

Range
It is native to the Continental US.

References

Spalacopsis
Beetles described in 1842


title: George Ernest Hamilton

text:
George Ernest Hamilton CE (ca.1800 – 8 October 1872) was a British civil engineer who played a leading role in development of the Colony of South Australia.

History
He was involved in various water supply schemes in England between 1826 and 1840: Shrewsbury, Chesterfield and Wolverhampton, and a slipway for the Port of Caernarvon.

He arrived in South Australia in 1850 and was appointed as a member of the first Adelaide City Council, then in 1853 the first Town of Kensington and Norwood council. He was an early advocate of steam navigation of the River Murray. He put forward a plan for a reservoir on the Torrens Gorge and was appointed Superintendent of the Mechanical Department of the SA Assay office under B. H. Babbage, then Assistant Engineer for the Port Adelaide railway in 1853 and Inspector General of Roads in 1854 and Inspector of Main Roads in 1855.

He was Chief Engineer for the Waterworks Department 1857–1858, and responsible for the Torrens Gorge weir near Campbelltown which failed in July 1858, its first year of operation. Hamilton was called as a witness in 1859 when it was discovered that the contractors Frost & Watson had skimped on materials for the dam wall, but came in for a share of the blame and resigned, to be replaced by John England. The partnership of (Thomas) Frost and (Edward) Watson was dissolved in 1860.

He was involved  in designing the smelters at Port Adelaide and Wallaroo in 1860. He was appointed engineer for construction of the Strathalbyn and Victor Harbor tramway in 1866 and Resident Engineer for the Strathalbyn to Middleton tramway in 1867. He was appointed JP in 1862.

He and his son, architect Edward Angus Hamilton, were involved in constructing the Kadina to Wallaroo railway, completed in 1866. Their partnership was dissolved in 1866 when George was appointed to the Strathalbyn and Middleton Railway and E. A. Hamilton to the firm of Wright & Woods, (then in 1868  second-in-charge of the Colonial Architect's Department, MLA for Kadina 1870–1871 and later moved to South America).

He was a member of a consortium that was formed in 1870 to lay a railway between Port Adelaide and Holdfast Bay.

He returned to Britain and died at  Abergavenny, Monmouthshire, aged 73

Personal
Hamilton was married to Eliza, who died on 12 December 1858 aged 58 at their home "The Lodge", Kensington.

References

1800 births
1872 deaths
Year of birth uncertain
Australian civil engineers


title: Spalacopsis suffusa

text:
Spalacopsis suffusa is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Newman in 1842.

References

Spalacopsis
Beetles described in 1842


title: Spalacopsis texana

text:
Spalacopsis texana is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Casey in 1891.

References

Spalacopsis
Beetles described in 1891


title: Spalacopsis unicolor

text:
Spalacopsis unicolor is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Tyson in 1973.

References

Spalacopsis
Beetles described in 1973


title: Mark Nyaaba Asigba

text:
Mark Asigba  (born 7 July 1990) is a Ghanaian professional footballer who last played as a defender for Greek Super League 2 club Ilioupoli.

Career
On 12 July 2017, he signed a one-year contract with Lamia.

On 26 May 2018, Asigba extended his contract until the summer of 2020.

Career statistics

References

External links

1990 births
Living people
Men's association football defenders
Ghanaian men's footballers
Ghanaian expatriate men's footballers
Segunda División B players
Tercera División players
Super League Greece players
Football League (Greece) players
Veria F.C. players
Olympiacos F.C. players
PAS Lamia 1964 players
Panachaiki F.C. players
Expatriate men's footballers in Spain
Expatriate men's footballers in Greece


title: Spalacopsis variegata

text:
Spalacopsis variegata is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Henry Walter Bates in 1880.

References

Spalacopsis
Beetles described in 1880


title: Utopia (2014 American TV series)

text:
Utopia is a reality series that premiered on Fox on September 7, 2014. Based on the original Dutch series of the same name and created by John de Mol, the series follows a group of people who attempt to maintain a society in a remote area. Conrad Green was its executive producer. Originally scheduled for two nights per week, Tuesday and Friday, on October 2, 2014, Fox announced that Utopia was pulled from Tuesday nights, and would air only on Friday nights. On November 2, 2014, the show was cancelled after airing weeks of what was promoted as a year-long project. It is estimated that Fox paid $50 million to develop the show.

Premise
The series follows a cast of 15 men and women who were placed in isolation and filmed twenty-four hours a day for a planned one year. The cast was to create their own society and figure out how to survive. The series was initially shown twice a week, with online streaming 24/7 with 129 hidden and unhidden cameras all over the Utopia compound. The live streams began on August 29, 2014, the day when the 15 pioneers entered Utopia. Over 5,000 people auditioned for the series. Every month, three pioneers were nominated for elimination—to be sent back to their everyday lives. The live-streamers were able to decide which new pioneers got their chance to join the cast.

Cast
This is the cast of the show at the time of its cancellation:

On September 2, 2014, contestant Hex Vanisles was medically evacuated while filming for the premiere, but returned to the show a few hours later.

Past Utopians
Source for list:

Episodes

Reception
Though Utopias premiere was met with general optimism, the show has ultimately been almost universally panned by critics and viewers alike.

According to review aggregator Metacritic, which assigns a weighted average score out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, Utopia received an average score of 38% based on 4 reviews, indicating "generally unfavorable" reviews. Utopia holds a Rotten Tomatoes score of 33% based on reviews from 6 critics, and a rating average of 4.5 out of 10, with the consensus being "Utopia squanders a lofty premise and quickly devolves into a hellish slog that barters in the most irksome reality television tropes."

Rob Owen of the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette sardonically dubbed the show "Fox's Folly" and wrote that it "really ought to be called "Farming, Fighting, and Fornicating – But Mostly Fighting." Reviewing the episode "Season Premiere – Part 2", which aired on September 9, 2014, Owen stated: "Tuesday's episode, which saw a 43 percent ratings decline according to The Programming Insider, featured still more fighting – a failure to order Ramen noodles threatened to become Utopia's assassination-of-Archduke Ferdinand moment – and hints at fornicating between two settlers in a barn loft. Fox executives could have saved substantial production costs and achieved basically the same boring result by filming 14 randy monkeys in a cage containing only 10 bananas."

Brian Lowry of Variety criticized the show's choice of cast: "If 'Utopia' has any legs at all, it will as a cable-style freakshow, not some grand “experiment” in democracy. Indeed, the diverse lineup seems designed to draw from various unscripted staples – a dash of Doomsday Preppers here, a dollop of Duck Dynasty there – and throw them together in the same blender."

Willa Paskin of Slate disparaged Utopias attempts to condemn the "misbehavior" it "desperately [requires]" from its participants: "Utopia ... strives to frame its mission in a positive light, distancing itself ... from the on-camera misbehavior its producers so desperately require. Through the first two episodes, five of the eight men assembled have violent physical outbursts. The female cast members avoid the trap of being portrayed as catty and vicious; as a result, they are granted no personalities at all, just a penchant for swimming naked ... the first night [ends] with one case of alcohol poisoning, another of threatening sexual behavior, and two fights, Piraro sadly opines that so far the group is failing miserably at utopia, as if the producers had been hoping for a dull, conflict-free Eden."

See also
 Eden, a 2016 British TV series

References

External links

2014 American television series debuts
2014 American television series endings
2010s American reality television series
2010s American game shows
American television series based on Dutch television series
Fox Broadcasting Company original programming
English-language television shows
Television shows filmed in Santa Clarita, California


title: Sumangali (1983 film)

text:
Sumangali () is a 1983 Indian Tamil-language drama film, directed and produced by D. Yoganand. The film stars Sivaji Ganesan, Sujatha, Prabhu and Geetha. It is a remake of the Hindi film Aasha (1980). The film was released on 12 August 1983.

Plot
Ramu is a BA graduate who drives a lorry for a living. He meets singer/dancer Roopadevi while on a trip and soon considers her a dear friend. The orphaned Roopadevi comes to love Ramu but backs off when she realises that he is in love with Thulasi. Ramu's boss, Vinayagam wants Ramu to marry his daughter Lakshmi. He is enraged when Ramu and Thulasi marry and arranges for Ramu to die on his next trip. Ramu escapes but his family believes him to be dead. Ramu's mother kicks Thulasi out blaming her bad luck for her son's death. A despondent Thulasi attempts suicide and is thought to be dead. When Ramu returns home, he's heartbroken and leaves in despair. Roopa runs into him and convinces him to sing with her as a means of dealing with his depression.

Thulasi, meanwhile, was rescued after her suicide attempt by a temple priest. She is now blind and also learns that she is pregnant. The priest, his wife and another orphaned young man, Prakash become her surrogate family. She gives birth to a girl that she names Ramathulasi as Ramu once wanted. When Prakash learns there's a chance for Thulasi to regain her sight with an operation, he heads to Calcutta to make the money needed. Ramathulasi sells dolls door to door to bring in some much-needed cash for the family. She meets Ramu and Roopa while selling dolls and charms them both. Ramu and Roopa are now a very successful performing team and after years of mourning, Ramu has agreed to marry Roopa. The new couple are drawn to Ramathulasi and offer to pay for her mother's operation. Roopa and Thulasi become friends but Ramu somehow always misses seeing Thulasi. Roopa is by Thulasi's side when her operation is done and she regains her sight. Thulasi promises to be by Roopa at her wedding. She recognises Ramu at the wedding and runs away not wanting to ruin Roopa's life. Ramu is soon made aware of Thulasi's existence and must make a decision on the direction of his life.

Cast

 Sivaji Ganesan as Ramu
 Geetha as Roopadevi
 Sujatha as Thulasi Vedarathnam
 Y. G. Mahendran as Gopal
 Silk Smitha as Lakshmi
 Prabhu as Prakash
 Baby Meena as Ramathulasi
 V. K. Ramasamy as Vinayagam
 S. N. Lakshmi
 Pushpalatha as Ramu's mother
 MLA Thangaraj

Soundtrack
Soundtrack was composed by M. S. Viswanathan.

Reception
Jayamanmadhan of Kalki called the film outdated.

References

External links

1980s Tamil-language films
1983 drama films
1983 films
Films directed by D. Yoganand
Films scored by M. S. Viswanathan
Indian drama films
Tamil remakes of Hindi films


title: Aprosopus barbatulus

text:
Aprosopus barbatulus is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Martins and Galileo in 2013.

References

Agapanthiini
Beetles described in 2013


title: Vertical auto profile

text:
The vertical auto profile (VAP) test is a cholesterol, lipid and lipoprotein test.

Overview
The name "VAP test" uses a technology, the vertical auto profile, to measure and report risk factors for patients who are at increased risk for cardiovascular disease that are not captured by routine cholesterol testing. Its accuracy is unaffected by triglycerides and can be performed in a non-fasting state.

The VAP test has a unique ability to identify far more areas of risk to patients than the standard lipid panel, specifically because it reports 15 separate components versus four in the standard cholesterol test. Studies report that this comprehensive test is able to identify more than twice the number of patients with lipid abnormalities than the standard lipid panel (cholesterol and triglyceride test).

The VAP test directly measures and routinely reports all five lipoprotein classes and sub-classes, including LDL, HDL, intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), and lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)]. In routine cholesterol testing, LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) is not directly measured, rather it is estimated using the Friedewald equation, is generally inaccurate when patients are not fasting because of its dependence on triglycerides levels in the calculation. Also, estimated LDL-C is falsely low when directly measured LDL-C is < 100 mg/dL or when triglycerides are elevated. The VAP technology also measures and reports LDL particle concentration (LDL-P).

The test meets the American Diabetes Association and American College of Cardiology (ADA-ACC) cholesterol guidelines for people at high risk of heart attack and stroke (including people with Type 2 diabetes mellitus). The ADA-ACC consensus statement establishes measurement and treatment guidelines for Apolipoprotein B|apoB in addition to LDL and non-HDL in high-risk patients.  The VAP test was the first cholesterol profile to comply with updated National Cholesterol Education Program ATP III recommendations for LDL measurement.

The VAP technology is currently owned and operated by VAP Diagnostics Lab, an international company.

Summary of studies:

• In a Johns Hopkins study of 1.34 million patients, up to 60% of patients assessed were misclassified using the Friedewald estimated basic lipid panel, potentially leading to undertreatment of those
patients most at risk.1

• Fasting remnant lipoprotein cholesterol is independently associated with subclinical atherosclerosis: The ELSA-BRASIL Study.2

• Smaller, denser HDL3-C levels are primarily responsible for the inverse association between HDL-C and incident CHD in this diverse group of primary prevention subjects: Jackson Heart Study & Framingham
Offspring Cohort Study.3

• Remnant Lipoprotein cholesterol (RLP-C) levels are an independent predictor of the incidents of CHD in two primary prevention cohorts: Jackson Heart Study & Framingham Offspring Cohort Study.4

• Low HDL3-C, but not HDL2-C or HDL-C, independently increased the risk for long-term hard clinical events in secondary prevention patients: TRIUMPH.5

• The apo A1 remnant ratio was a significant predictor of short and intermediate-term death/myocardial infarction risk among women over 50.6

References

1. Friedewald-estimated versus directly measured low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and treatment implications. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013 Aug 20;62(8):732-9.

2. Fasting remnant lipoprotein cholesterol is independently associated with subclinical atherosclerosis: The ELSA-BRASIL Study. JACC 5 April 2016 Volume 67, Issue 12.

3. Association of high-density lipoprotein subclasses and incident coronary heart disease: The Jackson Heart and Framingham Offspring Cohort Studies. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2016 Jan;23(1):41-9.

4. Remnant lipoprotein cholesterol and incident coronary heart disease: The Jackson Heart and Framingham Offspring Cohort Studies. J Am Heart Assoc. 2016 Apr 29;5(5).

5. HDL cholesterol subclasses, myocardial infarction, and mortality in secondary prevention: the Lipoprotein Investigators Collaborative. Eur Heart J. 2015 Jan 1;36(1):22-30.

6. A new ratio for better predicting future death/myocardial infarction than standard lipid measurements in women >50 years undergoing coronary angiography: the apolipoprotein A1 remnant ratio (Apo A1/ [VLDL₃+IDL]). Lipids Health Dis. 2013 Apr 26;12:55.

Blood tests


title: Trichohippopsis magna

text:
Trichohippopsis magna is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Martins and Carvalho in 1983.

References

Agapanthiini
Beetles described in 1983


title: Rouzi Maimaiti

text:
Rouzi Maimaiti (; ; born 4 July 1983) is a Chinese professional snooker player.

Career
Maimaiti has been a wildcard player at several ranking tournaments before turning professional. He lost the majority of the matches except a 5–1 over Dave Harold in the 2012 Wuxi Classic, before suffering a reverse to Mark Allen in the last 32 stage. Also in the 2012–13 season, Maimaiti entered into the new Asian Players Tour Championship events with little success, winning only one match The 2013/2014 events were much more successful and with eight wins in the four events Maimaiti was able to qualify for one of the four professional World Snooker Tour cards available through the Asian Tour of Merit money list. Maimaiti qualified for the 2014–15 and 2015–16 seasons and then re-qualified for the 2016–17 and 2017–18 seasons.

Professional
Rouzi only played in the three Asian Tour events during the 2014–15 season. He won four matches to reach the quarter-finals of the Xuzhou Open, where he lost 4–1 to Joe Perry which saw him finish 25th on the Order of Merit. The following season he only played in the Haining Open, losing 4–1 to Tom Ford in the second round. Despite dropping off the tour having finished a lowly 115th in the world, he received the Chinese nomination for a new two-year tour place. He did not enter a single event in the 2016–17 season.

Performance and rankings timeline

References

External links

1983 births
Place of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Chinese snooker players
Uyghur sportspeople
Chinese people of Uyghur descent
21st-century Chinese people


title: Trichohippopsis rufula

text:
Trichohippopsis rufula is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Breuning in 1958.

References

Agapanthiini
Beetles described in 1958


title: Trichohippopsis suturalis

text:
Trichohippopsis suturalis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Martins and Carvalho in 1983.

References

Agapanthiini
Beetles described in 1983


title: Trichohippopsis unicolor

text:
Trichohippopsis unicolor is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Galileo and Martins in 2007.

References

Agapanthiini
Beetles described in 2007


title: Zipoetopsis dissimilis

text:
Zipoetopsis dissimilis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Galileo and Martins in 1995.

References

Agapanthiini
Beetles described in 1995


title: Zipoetopsis unicolor

text:
Zipoetopsis unicolor is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Breuning in 1950.

References

Agapanthiini
Beetles described in 1950


title: Gherardini family

text:
The Gherardini of Montagliari (or Florence) was one of the most prominent historical Italian noble families from Tuscany, Italy. Through the Amideis, the family was of Roman descent. Between the 9th and 14th centuries, they played an important role in Tuscany. Its influence was also felt in the Veneto and Emilia regions between the 16th and 18th centuries, and during the Italian Risorgimento as well as in today's Italian politics and economy. The family’s restless and fighting nature has aroused the curiosity of many historians of the Middle Ages. Originating from feudal tradition, it was one of the founding families of the Republic of Florence.

The family took part in Florence's political life between 1100 and 1300. In 1300, they were exiled from the city when Florence began its transformation into a Signoria, later ruled by the Medicis. In his Divine Comedy, Dante Alighieri, who was exiled with the Gherardinis, placed the family in Paradise's V Sphere. Following its exile from Tuscany, the family joined the Great Council of Venice (Venice's Chamber of Peers), becoming Patricians of that city, and members of the Venetian nobility. Until 1800, they kept some fiefs between Tuscany and Emilia Romagna.

The oldest knightly tomb in Tuscany (in the Church of Sant'Appiano, near Barberino Val d'Elsa) belongs to this family. Historically influential in Florence, the Gheradinis were also featured in Florentine Histories, a book written by Niccolò Machiavelli at the request of the Medicis. In modern times, their name is affiliated with the Mona Lisa of Leonardo da Vinci, as the painting depicts the portrait of Lisa Gherardini. Arms of this family is a quarterly Barry of six vair and gules and imperial eagles.

The Gheradinis also married into other Renaissance families across the centuries such as the Medicis, Strozzis, Bardis, Albizzis, Altovitis, Frescobaldis, Albertis, Balestrieris, and Ricasolis.

Origins

According to the most recent university research, in 856 the family founded the Church of San Piero a Ema (with Gaifredo) and "nepotes Ceci" as a sobriquet. The family is described in documents dating back to that period and kept in the Church of San Miniato in Florence. They were feudatories in the Chianti and the Val d'Elsa areas and settled in Florence in 1100 following the death of Matilda of Tuscany. They founded the Republic of Florence and had a number of Consuls in the Republic ("Consul Civitatis": heads of government).

Two centuries later, they took part in the fights between the Guelphs and the Ghibellines and subsequently between the White and Black Guelphs; they were with the "White" faction and were opposed to the transformations which led to the birth of the Signoria. Some of the leading figures of the family during that period include: Gherarduccio Gherardini (whose tombstone in the Church of Sant'Appiano is the oldest knightly tomb in Tuscany), Noldo Gherardini, Cece Gherardini, Vanne and Bernardino Gherardini, Lotteringo Gherardini, Cione Gherardini known as "il Pelliccia" and Andrea Gherardini "lo Scacciaguelfi" (the Shoo Away the Guelphs). This era of war between the factions supporting the Pope and the ones supporting the Holy Roman Emperor was later immortalized in Florentine Histories, a book written by Niccolò Machiavelli and commissioned by Cardinal Giulio de' Medici, later known as Pope Clement VII, of the House of Medici, in which the Gherardinis are featured on many occasions.

More recent university studies have confirmed both the central role played by this family in Florence's medieval history and its members' reputation as inflexible as shown by the statistics on penalties and sentences which afflicted some families in that period. According to Christiane Klapisch-Zuber, a French historian, the Gherardinis from Montagliari were "instigators of disorders", "with little desire to participate in public life". They were also a "bellicose and rude" family. This deeply independent character must have been at the basis of the family's decision not to abide by the new rules of the rising Commune of Florence such as the Ordinances of Justice of 1296 which aimed at forcing aristocracy to give up their names of origin and privileges. Unless they did so, there were very high taxes and penalties for them. Their opposition explains the passion with which Florence fought them, destroying, where possible, their assets.

Civil War and Exile

Following many years of civil war, the Gherardinis were exiled in 1302 because they were accused of having forged an alliance with the neighbouring city of Siena. According to historians (and contemporaries of the time), the accusation was based on false documents and invented by Cante Gabrielli, the Podestà, to stamp out this family and its allies once and for all. Following this accusation, Florence attacked the Gherardinis.
The land they owned or controlled went from the first sighting centres near the southern walls of Florence, and from Marignolle up to Impruneta. It then went on up to the main fortresses of Montagliari and Montaguto near the current Greve in Chianti. To the west, their land went all the way up to the fortress of Linari near Barberino Val d'Elsa.

In the summer of 1302, following a siege, both Montagliari and Montaguto were burned to the ground. The Republic of Florence then decreed that it was no longer possible to build on this area. This edict was breached by the Gherardinis in 1632 when they built a chapel. The western part of the Gherardini's land and properties withstood the attack by the Florentines because Andrea Gherardini was ruling the nearby city of Pistoia and the Gherardinis enjoyed greater strength in Valdelsa (a valley south of Florence). A few years later, Henry VII, Holy Roman Emperor tried to remove this family from Valdelsa but did not succeed because the Castle of Linari, led by Vanne Gherardini, withstood the summer siege of 1313. Following the death of Gherarduccio Gherardini in 1331 (buried in the Church of Sant'Appiano, near Linari), the family lost its last great commander and the last remaining properties were gradually lost too.

After the fall of Montagliari, and the subsequent loss of their land and properties in Val d'Elsa, the last Gherardinis (except a small group) went into exile to Verona that, at that time, was under the Empire. Dante Alighieri went into exile with them too. At the same time, the Florentines finished to destroy the Gherardinis' buildings in the city as well as other evidence of their life there.
This was their third exodus. The previous expulsion of the Ghibellinis, half a century earlier, meant that some Gherardinis moved near Verona and Rovigo (they came together again later on).
The first exodus took place around 1120 with the death of Matilda of Tuscany. One of the heads of the family, Gherardino, and his children (Tommaso, Gherardo and Maurizio) decided to leave Tuscany. Initially they were members of the retinue of Louis VII of France, called the Young, and then they were with Henry II of England and went to conquer Ireland, where they started the FitzGerald dynasty. This topic is still being studied by some historians.

The Current Branch
In 1633 thanks to Gaspare and Angelo, the main branch, that had settled in Verona between 1300 and 1400, added some properties in the Emilia region to the fiefs they had received when they had arrived (Montorio, Bardolino, Sorgate and Montecchiana). From the House of Este and the House of Gonzaga, they bought the Marquisate of Scurano, Bazzano and Pianzo, that of San Polo d'Enza, and in 1652 the Marquisate of Castelnovo di Sotto. On 19 November 1652, during the War of Candia, Bernardino, younger brother of Gaspare and Angelo, welcomed the Gherardinis among the noble families of the Great Council of the Republic of Venice, about the same time as did the Medicis.

The two branches came together again in 1811.
With the arrival of Napoleon Bonaparte, the Republic of Venice and Venice were occupied by the French and given to Austria, which would change the future of the Gherardinis. While their fiefs were occupied and absorbed by the Napoleonic kingdoms in 1805, the Gherardinis, after ten centuries of being Lords in Europe, lost their independence, which led them to reconsider their relations with the House of Habsburg and Austria. This is why they started to support the new cause of Risorgimento – the unity of Italy – and subsequently, following the unity, they took part in Italian political life and often served in the armed forces. A notable member was General Gian Claudio Gherardini.

Other branches
After the exile in 1300, a small branch stayed on in Tuscany but died out in the 18th century with four brothers: Hippolytus (died as a baby); Anthony (died in the war of Hungary); Alemanno (Knight of Malta) and Fabio, who was the last to die in Denmark in 1743. None of them left any heir. This was the branch Lisa Gherardini, the Gioconda, belonged to. In 1632, this branch and the current branch built the Chapel of Santa Maria della Neve in Montagliari (subsequently drawn by Leonardo da Vinci).

In January 1857, with a Decree of the Duke of Modena, another branch took on "Gherardini-Parigi" as its surname in order to continue the line of Gian Marco Gherardini's mother, Alda Parigi of the Counts of San Severino. However, this branch too soon died out with the death of his grandson, Giulio, in the mid-20th century.
From 1660 another branch lived in Lendinara and in Ferrara (Noble family of Lendinara, Counts of Lusia, Noble family of Ferrara). This branch originated with Francesco di Corradino but died out in 1830 in Ferrara because Francesco had only one daughter, Isotta, born in 1817.

An older branch developed in France with Girardin as its surname. According to a well-documented historical event referring to Peter and Lotto, sons of Noldo of the Gherardinis, in August 1343, they followed Walter VI of Brienne, Duke of Athens, to France. According to some sources, they were granted the Signoria of Marail in the Champagne region. Peter died on 9 September 1393 and is buried in the Church of Marail (Castle of Hervì). The Marquis René de Girardin (1735–1808), owner of the Château d'Ermenonville and friend of Jean-Jacques Rousseau, claimed to belong to this branch. Other members of the Girardin family included Louis Stanislas de Girardin, Émile de Girardin, and Delphine de Girardin, and the remaining Girardins in Paris.

The Gherardinis of Ireland branch started by Thomas, Gerard and Maurice, sons of Gherardino, still exist today and is headed by the Duke of Leinster. This branch left with Henry II of England to go and conquer Ireland where they initiated the House of FitzGerald, one of the oldest dynasty of Ireland. The FitzGerald Dukes and the Gherardinis of Montagliari are known to be in touch since at least the 15th century and were featured recently in "Sette" magazine of Corriere della Sera. In communication letters dating back to 1507 between the Gherardinis of Tuscany and Gerald FitzGerald, 8th Earl of Kildare, who was also the Viceroy of Ireland and King Henry Tudor's cousin, the Earl's letters were signed as "Gerald, Chief in Ireland of the family of the Gherardini".

Alliances

Lisa Gherardini married to Francesco del Giocondo, whose family were silk merchants. He was previously married to a member of the Rucellai family, owners of Palazzo Rucellai. One of Francesco's relative was Giannetto Giocondo, who had business dealings with Amerigo Vespucci, the explorer who gave his name to America. His relative was an assistant of Machiavelli and both the Gherardinis and Machiavellis came from the parish of Santa Trinita. Lisa Gherardini's step-mother, Caterina di Mariotto Rucellai, was also of the Rucellai family. Niccolo Machiavelli dedicated his book "The Art of War" and "Discourses on Titus Livy" to the family's patriarch, Cosimo Rucellai, son of Bernardo Rucellai and Lucrezia de' Medici.

The Gherardinis married four times with members of the Medici family of Florence. The marriages were as follow; Venna de Medici married to Francesco Gherardini, Leonarda de Medici married to Guelfo Gherardini, Giuliano de Medici married to Tita Gherardini, and Nicolo Rosso de Medici married to Clemenza Gherardini.

Leonarda was a member of the family of Salvestro de' Medici, a second cousin of Averardo de' Medici, father of Giovanni di Bicci de' Medici, the founder of the Medici Bank.

Giuliano was Castellan of the Fortress of Sansepolcro, and son of a Magistrate. His great-grandfathers were Niccolo de Medici, also a descendant of the Averardo branch, and  Bice Strozzi, a member of the House of Strozzi. His great-aunt was Aurelia de Medici, who married Luca di Maso degli Albizzi, brother of Rinaldo degli Albizzi, the primary opponent of Cosimo. They were also descendants of Chiarissimo I de' Medici, son of the founder of the Medici family, and father of Filippo, who married to Alessia Grimaldi of Genova, of the Grimaldi family of Monaco.

Marriages of the Gherardinis over the centuries included the Houses of Medici, Strozzi, Bardi, Albizzi, Altoviti, Frescobaldi, Balestrieri, Alberti, Ricasoli, among others. The Gherardinis were also related to the Amidei, according to historian Ricordano Malespini, and thus to its cousin branch, the House of Piccolomini, who were Patricians of Siena and allies of Vlad Dracula and the Venetians during the reign of Pope Pius II.

Many of these families played a major role in the Renaissance, and were patrons of famous figures such as Michelangelo, Raphael, Leonardo da Vinci, Galileo, Vasari, Brunelleschi, Botticelli, Machiavelli, and many others.  Also, their relatives, the House of Bardi, who were a noble family of bankers during the Age of Discovery, were early financiers of John Cabot and Christopher Columbus and their expeditions to the Americas.

Patronage

One of the peculiarities of this family, defined by historians as "rude" and hardly observant of the rules of public life, is a constant vein of patronage. Some serious patronage is well documented like the commission given to Fra Angelico to create an altarpiece for the family chapel near the Church of Santo Stefano al Ponte in Florence. Lotteringo Gherardini is buried in this church. The altarpiece was commissioned in 1418 but went lost.
According to art historians, the Gherardinis supported Alessandro Turchi, called l'Orbetto, who they commissioned many works of art to.
Nothing is known about the relationship between the family and Tintoretto, except that the Gherardinis were members of the Great Council of the Republic of Venice and, therefore, frequented Venice.

However, in 1568 the Venetian painter drew the portrait of Francesco Gherardini. The portrait is on display at the Ca' Rezzonico Museum of Venice. Although there were contacts with Leonardo da Vinci, their full nature is not known. Leonardo drew both the portrait of Lisa Gherardini (Mona Lisa) and the Gherardinis' Chapel in Montagliari. An artist of the family, Alessandro Gherardini, pupil of Alessandro Rosi, obtained a commission by Prince Ferdinando de Medici for a fresco celebrating his marriage to Princess Violante Beatrice of Bavaria. The fresco can be seen today at the Pitti Palace in Florence.

Other known artists of the Gherardini family were Tommaso Gherardini, Stefano Gherardini, Melchiorre Gherardini, and Niccolò Gherardini, a friend of Galileo Galilei and his personal biographer. Niccolo wrote the first biography of Galileo named Vita del signor Galileo Galilei (Life of Signor Galileo Galilei), and was a relative of Pope Urban VIII of the House of Barberini.

A painting commissioned by the family in 2010 can be seen in the Church of Sant'Appiano, still used by the family and where Gherarduccio Gherardini is buried. At the bottom of its frame, visitors can read the following:

Recent history and the Gherardinis today

According to the last Register of Italian Nobility approved by the Ministry of the Interior of the Kingdom of Italy (1939) and in accordance with its official genealogy, the Gherardinis of Montagliari are divided into two branches: one branch is headed by Marquis Francesco Alberto (primogeniture) whereas the second is headed by Count Gian Claudio (cadet branch). The current residences of the Marquises and Counts Gherardini are in Rome, Venice, Florence, and New York. Although the family is not interested in being in the news, some articles were written in 2007 and 2010 on Countess Cinzia Maria Gherardini, the current oldest member of the family.

A 2014 cover story published by Sette, the italian weekly magazine of Corriere della Sera, was dedicated to the Gherardini family and their relationship with the FitzGerald family as well with the Kennedy family. The magazine stated that the three families have maintained relationship among them even in recent time or in the past (for example with American President John Fitzgerald Kennedy).

Some of the most recent and best known members of the Gherardini family are: Marquis Maurizio, Great Chamberlain of the Emperor of Austria and Austria’s Minister Plenipotentiary at the Kingdom of Sardinia; Princess Cristina Trivulzio Belgiojoso (daughter of Marchioness Vittoria Gherardini), first female newspaper director whom Carlo Cattaneo defined the "first lady of Italy" for her commitment towards national unity; Marquis Gian Marco, Chairman of the Savings Bank of Reggio Emilia and Podestà of the Municipality of Reggio Emilia from 1851 to 1854.

His son Gian Francesco Gherardini, was mayor of Reggio Emilia from 1873 to 1881, Member of Parliament and subsequently Senator until his death in 1926; his grandson, Count Gian Claudio Gherardini, was Commander of the 8th Bersaglieri (Marksmen) Regiment in El Alamein and subsequently Commanding General of Folgore Parachute Brigade who died in 1971) and was the first one to bring back to Florence the Gherardini of Montagliari after seven centuries; his great-grandson, the economist Jacopo Schettini Gherardini, candidate for the National Secretariat of the Democratic Party (Italy) during the primary elections of 2007.

References

Italian families
Families of Florence
13th-century people from the Republic of Florence
14th-century people from the Republic of Florence


title: Richard Hankford

text:
Sir Richard Hankford (1397-1431) was an English landowner and soldier from Devon.

Origins
Born about 21 July 1397, he was the son of Richard Hankford (died 1419), MP for Devon in 1414 and 1416, and his wife Thomasine Stapledon (died before 1419), daughter and sole heiress of Sir Richard Stapledion, of Norton Fitzwarren and Nonnington in Somerset.

Career
After the death of his father in 1419, he inherited his late mother's lands and in 1420 the lands brought to him by his wife, followed in 1424 by the lands of his paternal grandfather, Sir William Hankford (died 1423) KB, of Annery in Devon, Chief Justice of the King's Bench. Further landholdings came in 1425, when he and his wife inherited the estates of her grandmother Elizabeth Cogan (died 1397) that had been held by her widower Sir Hugh Courtenay. He served with the English forces in France during the Hundred Years' War in the retinue of his brother-in-law Thomas Montacute, 4th Earl of Salisbury and was knighted at St Albans between 8 July and 6 October 1429. He died on 8 February 1431 aged 33, holding properties in Berkshire, Cornwall, Devon, Gloucestershire, Herefordshire,  London (where he and his wife owned four retail shops in Holborn), Middlesex, Oxfordshire, Shropshire, Somerset; Staffordshire, Wiltshire and Yorkshire.

Family
At some time before 1420 he married Elizabeth FitzWarin (died before 16 January 1428), daughter of Fulk FitzWarin, 6th Baron FitzWarin (1389–1407) and sole heiress of her brother Fulk FitzWarin, 7th Baron FitzWarin (1406–1420). They had three daughters:
Thomasine Hankford (1423–1453), who inherited extensive lands from her mother and in 1437 married William Bourchier, 9th Baron FitzWarin (1407–1469).
Elizabeth Hankford (1424-1433), who died unmarried.
Joan Hankford, who died young before her father.
Elizabeth had died by 16 January 1428 and he then married Anne Montagu (died 1457),  daughter of the executed John Montagu, 3rd Earl of Salisbury and sister of his patron, the 4th Earl. They had one daughter:
Anne Hankford (died 1485), who inherited Annery from her father. About 1445 she married  Thomas Butler, 7th Earl of Ormond (died 1515).
His widow Anne married again to Sir Lewis John (died 1442) and then to John Holland, 2nd Duke of Exeter (died 1447). She was buried with her third husband in the church of St Katharine by the Tower in the City of London.

References

People from Torridge District
1397 births
1431 deaths
Medieval English knights


title: Badenella badeni

text:
Badenella badeni is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Bates in 1875.

References

Anisocerini
Beetles described in 1875


title: Badenella fallaciosa

text:
Badenella fallaciosa is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Lane in 1964.

References

Anisocerini
Beetles described in 1964


title: Jimmy (raven)

text:
Jimmy (often erroneously credited as Jimmy the Crow) was a raven actor who appeared in more than 1,000 feature films from the 1930s to the 1950s.

Profile
He first appeared in You Can't Take It with You in 1938. Director Frank Capra would then cast the bird in every subsequent movie he made. Among his roles were Uncle Billy's pet, seen in the Building & Loan in It's a Wonderful Life (1946), and the crow that landed on the Scarecrow in The Wizard of Oz (1939).

Jimmy belonged to Hollywood animal trainer Curly Twiford, who stole the bird from a nest in the Mojave Desert in 1934. Twiford trained Jimmy to do an assortment of tricks, such as typing and opening letters. He could even ride a tiny motorcycle. These talents would make him appealing to use in films. Jimmy could understand several hundred words, though only around 50 were what Twiford called "useful". It took Jimmy a week to learn a new useful word, two weeks if it had two syllables. Twiford said that Jimmy could perform any task possible for an 8-year-old child.

His human co-stars were complimentary of the bird. "When they call Jimmy, we both answer," remarked Jimmy Stewart on the set of It's a Wonderful Life, noting that the raven "is the smartest actor on the set" requiring fewer re-takes than his human counterparts.

After he had become more popular with the studio, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer had Jimmy insured for $10,000. Lloyd's of London wrote a policy to cover Jimmy's $500 a week fee as well as Curly Twiford's $200 handler fee, in the event Jimmy forgot any of the words he would need on the set. Twiford credited these fees with keeping him solvent during World War II. At one point, Jimmy had 21 "stand-ins", 15 of which were female, who would fill in for him when the scene did not require any tricks or movement.

Jimmy received a Red Cross gold medal in acknowledgement of 200 hours spent entertaining veterans after the war, and his footprints were enshrined in cement at a large Los Angeles pet store, alongside those of Lassie and other Hollywood animal stars.

Jimmy's last-credited film was 3 Ring Circus in 1954, after which little is known about him. Curly Twiford said that Jimmy would "probably live to be 150" years old, which the papers re-printed. In reality, ravens seldom live more than 30 years in captivity. Curly Twiford died on April 5, 1956, at the age of 60.

See also
 Bird intelligence
 Grip (raven)
 List of individual birds

References

External links

A Shroud of Thoughts: Jimmy the Raven: Frank Capra's Avian Star
The Unsung Joe: Koko the Raven – one of Jimmy's most prominent stand-ins

Animal actors
Individual perching birds
Ravens
1934 animal births
1950s animal deaths
Individual animals in the United States


title: Badenella gavisa

text:
Badenella gavisa is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Lane in 1966.

References

Anisocerini
Beetles described in 1966


title: Miruthanga Chakravarthi

text:
Miruthanga Chakravarthi () is a 1983 Indian Tamil-language musical drama film directed by K. Shankar and produced by Sakunthala N. The film stars Sivaji Ganesan, K. R. Vijaya, M. N. Nambiar, V. K. Ramasamy, Prabhu and Sulakshana. It was released on 24 September 1983.

Plot

Subbaiah is a maestro when it comes to playing Mridangam. He is so renowned that he outshines the singers to whom he serves as accompaniment much to their jealousy. They manipulate the situation where they get his fellow musicians to question his integrity as the chief of union of mridangam causing him to vow off touching mridangam ever again.

His son, however shows keen interest which he discourages. As fate would have it, his son falls in love with the daughter of a music lover. Further, his enemy who has now relented, feels guilty and wants the great musician to come back. They use his son as a prop to challenge him forcing him to come back and play one last time. He wins outshining his very talented and capable son on stage and retires due to the pressure of playing after a long time with such high stakes.

Cast
Sivaji Ganesan as Subbaiah
K. R. Vijaya as Deivanai
M. N. Nambiar
V. K. Ramasamy as Rajarathnam Pillai
Prabhu as Kannan
Sulakshana as Radha
Thengai Srinivasan
Senthil
Y. G. Mahendran
Manorama

Production
Madurai T. Srinivasan played the mridangam offscreen for Prabhu.

Soundtrack
The music was composed by M. S. Viswanathan.

Reception
Jayamanmadhan of Kalki praised the acting of Sivaji Ganesan, Prabhu, Vijaya, Nambiar and Viswanathan's music.

Controversy
Initially, the producers, Kalaignanam and T. N. Venkatraman took recordings of earlier mridangam performances from both T. K. Murthy and Umayalpuram K. Sivaraman to decide which one would best suit the role played by Ganesan, leading to a huge conflict with two of the artists narrating each version of their story. However the producers insisted that originally, neither Murthy nor Sivaraman was booked for any particular role and that Murthy "was that he was agreeable to play only for Sivaji, and implicitly in the competition scene".

Legacy
The performance of Ganesan is often used to mock him for over-doing the scene. However, according to Tamilaruvi Manian, Ganesan is said to have replicated the mannerism of Murthy and Sivaraman together to get the essence of his character and only those ignorant of the two would call it overacting. M. G. Ramachandran, then the chief minister, upon his return from the United States, saw a preview of the show and is said to have commented that the only person who can call himself an actor in the whole world was his competitor and rival, Sivaji Ganesan.

References

External links

1980s musical drama films
1980s Tamil-language films
1983 films
Films directed by K. Shankar
Films scored by M. S. Viswanathan
Indian musical drama films


title: Badenella ignota

text:
Badenella ignota is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Lane in 1964.

References

Anisocerini
Beetles described in 1964


Piero di Lorenzo di Pratese di Bartolo Zuccheri (active 15th century) was an Italian painter. His exact dates of birth and death are not known.

Not much is known about Zuccheri except through his works. He was active in San Gimignano, and primarily painted religious-themed works for church commissions. There are a lot of similarities between his style and that of the painter Pier Francesco Fiorentino, therefore attributions have been difficult in many cases. Virgin and Child with a Goldfinch and the Infant Saint John, which has been attributed to both Fiorentino and Zuccheri, currently resides at the Courtauld Gallery. He has been proposed as the Master of the Castello Nativity.

References

Year of birth unknown
Year of death unknown
15th-century Italian painters
Italian male painters


title: Monument to Bartolomé Mitre

text:
The Monumento ecuestre a Bartolomé Mitre located on Plaza Mitre, a landmark in the Recoleta neighbourhood of Buenos Aires, Argentina, and was raised in honor of Bartolomé Mitre (1821-1906).

History
It is a work by Italian sculptors David Calandra and Eduardo Rubino in 1927.

The Mitre bronze figure stands on a polished red granite base surrounded by allegories of Carrara marble. The monument was inaugurated on July 8, 1927, with a speech by the Minister of War, General Agustín P. Justo.

Location
Located on the Plaza Mitre, between the British Embassy and Biblioteca Nacional. Across the Del Libertador avenue, opposite to the Memorial, is located the Plaza Ruben Dario, and the Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes.

References

Monuments and memorials in Buenos Aires
1927 sculptures
Outdoor sculptures in Argentina
Tourist attractions in Buenos Aires