title: Scutellinia setosa

text:
Scutellinia setosa is a species of apothecial fungus belonging to the family Pyronemataceae. Its fruit bodies are disc-shaped with thick black "hairs" (setae) around the cup rim. The smooth, ellipsoid, spores measure 11–13 by 20–22 µm and contain numerous oil droplets. The asci (spore-bearing cells) are roughly cylindrical, measuring 300–325 µm by 12–15 µm. Originally described from Europe, it is also found in North America and Central America, where it grows on the rotting wood of deciduous trees.

References

External links

Pyronemataceae
Fungi described in 1816
Fungi of Europe
Fungi of Central America
Fungi of North America


title: Finnish Folk High School in Gothenburg

text:
The Finnish Folk High School in Gothenburg () is a secondary school in Gothenburg, Sweden. It is one of 150 such schools in the Swedish educational system. In 2014, the school has a staff of 45 persons, including a headmaster, two directors of studies, 30 teachers and teacher assistants and service staff.

The school is located in a disadvantaged suburb with many immigrants, outside the center of Gothenburg. At first the school serviced only Finnish speaking immigrants, but in 1996 it was designated a Multicultural Folk High School, taking in immigrants who speak Somali, Arabic and Kurdish. The staff and students speak more than 24 different mother tongues.

Curriculum
The core study subjects are Swedish, English, mathematics, social studies and computer training. There are elective courses in the curriculum of the folk high school courses. These courses provide proficiency on elementary and upper secondary school levels and provide basic qualifications for higher studies.

Students
In 2014, the Finnish Folk High School has 140 full-time students in six general folk high school courses and 120 full-time students of SF1 ‘Swedish for Immigrants". The school has since 2002 a vocational training program to train 40 students as social care workers with multicultural profile. It has also short courses for Finnish seniors in music, oil painting, ceramics and basic computer training.

Special programs
The school has developed local projects for immigrants, to help them integrate into Swedish society, and enter the Swedish labor market .

In 2010 a Montessori Preschool was added, where adult students can leave their children during study hours.

External links

Education in Gothenburg
Folk high schools in Sweden
Finland–Sweden relations


title: Student quiz show

text:
A student quiz show (sometimes academic quiz show) is a television or radio quiz show featuring contestants who represent the schools they attend. NBC4's It's Academic in the Washington, DC metropolitan area is the longest running student quiz program in the world.

Gameplay and variations

Student quiz shows are played by two to four teams of players. Each game usually consists of several differing rounds of play. Some rounds are played with a lock-out device and electronic signaling devices ("buzzers") and questions played with them are called tossups. Once a player has rung in, they usually have only few seconds to give answer. This time is usually long for computational mathematics problems.

There are also usually rounds that are directed towards a single team to answer. These are usually known as "lightning rounds" or "60 second rounds".

Winnings teams sometimes win a monetary prize provided by either program sponsors the studio itself. This prize can come in the form of a scholarship or as a check to the winning school that the administration will decide its use.

See also
List of televised student quiz competitions
Quiz bowl

References

Game shows
Television genres
Secondary education in the United States


title: Joywave

text:
Joywave is an American indie rock band from Rochester, New York, formed in 2002. Their lineup consists of Daniel Armbruster (vocals), Joseph Morinelli (guitar), and Paul Brenner (drums). The band first became known for its collaboration with electronic music project Big Data, "Dangerous", which peaked at number two on the Billboard Rock & Alternative Airplay chart in 2014. After releasing two EPs, their debut album, How Do You Feel Now?, was released through their own Cultco Music label, an imprint of Hollywood Records, in 2015. Their second album, Content, was released on July 28, 2017. It was followed by their third album, Possession, which was released on March 13, 2020. Their fourth album, Cleanse, was released on February 11, 2022.

History

Early years (2010–2013)
All five members of Joywave grew up in Rochester, New York. Armbruster, Brenner and Morinelli played together in various local bands growing up, including The Hoodies. They renamed themselves as Joywave in Rochester in 2010. Donnelly joined the band soon after, and they released their first mixtape, 77777, in 2011. In 2012, they released their first EP, Koda Vista. In 2013, they released their second mixtape, 88888.

"Dangerous" and How Do You Feel Now? (2014–2016)

Originally a member of Big Data with Alan Wilkis, Armbruster wrote the song "Dangerous", which was recorded by Wilkis with Armbruster on vocals, and credited to Big Data featuring Joywave. Following the success of "Dangerous", Joywave's notability continued to rise with the release of their 2014 EP How Do You Feel? The two singles from the EP, "Tongues" (ft. KOPPS) and "Somebody New", achieved considerable popularity on the radio and on YouTube, with the respective music videos each having over 1.8 million views on YouTube as of June 2017. "Tongues" was featured on a Google Nexus commercial and in EA Sports football game, FIFA 15, and the music video for the song was directed by the directing duo Daniels.

Joywave's debut LP, How Do You Feel Now?, was released on April 21, 2015 in the US and June 22, 2015 in the UK. It reached #25 on the Billboard Alternative Albums chart, #34 on the Top Rock Albums chart, and #3 on the Heatseekers Albums chart. In 2016, the band released Swish, which features alternate versions of "Destruction". The title is a reference to Kanye West's 2016 album The Life of Pablo, which was originally going to be titled Swish.

Content (2017–2018)

In April 2017, they released "Content", the first single off their upcoming second album, also titled Content. In May 2017, they released the album's second single, "It's a Trip!". Three other singles were released in the months that followed: "Shutdown," "Doubt," and "Going to a Place." Content was released on July 28, 2017. On June 1, 2018, the band released the song "Compromise", an unreleased song from the How Do You Feel Now? era.

Possession (2018–2020)

On July 12, 2018, the band released the single "Blastoffff". It appears in the Fortnite Season 5 trailer. On June 21, 2019 the single "Like a Kennedy" was released alongside a teaser for the music video. On August 9, 2019, the band released the single "Obsession", in advance of their third album. On November 1, 2019, they released the single "Blank Slate". On January 7, 2020, the band released the song "Half Your Age" and revealed that their third album, Possession, would be released on March 13. They also announced dates for a North American headlining tour, which was ultimately cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Cleanse (2021–present)
Their EP Every Window Is a Mirror was released on June 25, 2021, which included four new songs from their upcoming fourth album, Cleanse. Joywave also released a Russian version of Every Window Is a Mirror when they noticed an uptick in streams coming from Russia.

After the EP went live, Joywave started a Q&A series called "Every Question Has an Answer".

On October 29, 2021, the band announced Cleanse alongside the single "Cyn City 2000". The album was released on February 11, 2022.

On June 24, 2022, the band announced a live album titled Live. While the band toured the US, they've recorded multiple shows throughout the aforementioned tour and compiled it all into an album. The album was released on July 29, 2022.

Performances
Joywave made their television debut in July 2015 on Late Night with Seth Meyers, performing "Dangerous" and "Tongues". They have also appeared on Jimmy Kimmel Live and VH1's Big Morning Buzz Live.

They opened two shows for The Killers in May 2014. That year, they performed at Lollapalooza in Chicago, and played Osheaga Festival in Montreal. In 2015, they toured the UK with Brandon Flowers, went on a five-week tour with Night Terrors of 1927 and Bleachers, opened for The Kooks, and played Leeds Festival in England. In 2016, they went on a five-week US tour with Metric. In the summer of 2017, they toured across the United States with Young the Giant and Cold War Kids. In November 2017, the band announced the second leg of their Thanks. Thanks for Coming tour, which began in Las Vegas on February 10, 2018. They toured with Thirty Seconds to Mars, Walk the Moon, and MisterWives on Thirty Seconds to Mars's North American tour in the summer of 2018, and in September 2018 they toured with Bishop Briggs. In the autumn of 2019 Joywave joined Bastille's Doom Days tour in America.

In October 2021, the band announced The Cleanse Tour, which began in Harrisburg, PA on February 26, 2022. In the fall of 2022, Joywave coheadlined The Welcome to Hellvetica Tour with I Dont Know How But They Found Me. In August 2022, Joywave announced a UK and EU tour, which began in Dublin, Ireland on November 1, 2022. In December of 2022, they announced another tour of the United States called Express Wash, which will take place in March and April of 2023.

Discography

 How Do You Feel Now? (2015)
 Content (2017)
 Possession (2020)
 Cleanse (2022)

Members

Current
 Daniel Armbruster – lead vocals, guitars, production, pianos
 Joseph Morinelli – guitar
 Paul Brenner – drums

Touring
 Kevin Mahoney – bass guitar
 Connor Ehman - guitar, keyboards, and background vocals (2022)
 Taylor Dubray - Guitar, Keyboards, and background vocals (2022-present)

Former
 Travis Johansen – keyboards
 Sean Donnelly – bass guitar
 Jeremiah Crespo – bass guitar
 Benjamin Bailey – keyboards, pianos, synth

Timeline

References

Alternative rock groups from New York (state)
American musical quintets
Electronic music groups from New York (state)
Hollywood Records artists
Musical groups established in 2010
Musical groups from Rochester, New York
2010 establishments in New York (state)


title: George Lilly

text:
George Lilly (1770s – September 10, 1846) was a lawyer, official and judge in Newfoundland.

He was born in the Thirteen Colonies, possibly in Boston, and came to Newfoundland with his father at the start of the American Revolution. He worked for St. John's merchant Nathaniel Philips as a clerk. Later, Lilly was employed as a notary public and auctioneer. In 1800, he married Mary Ann Roberts. He helped raise a militia unit during the War of 1812 and served himself as a captain. In 1820, he was enrolled as a barrister although he had no formal legal training. In 1834, Lilly was named acting assistant judge for the Supreme Court of Newfoundland.

Kielley v. Carson
In 1838, he granted a writ of habeas corpus to the solicitor for Edward Kielley, who was being held for an alleged breach of the House of Assembly's parliamentary privilege. Lilly declared the warrant, that had been issued by William Carson, void and set Kielley free. Lilly himself was subsequently arrested by the sergeant-at-arms of the assembly. After two days, he was released following the proroguing of the assembly by Governor Sir Henry Prescott. Following his release, he ruled that the assembly did not necessarily have the same privileges as members of the British House of Commons but that members of the house could pursue justice through the laws of the land like any other citizen. In December 1838, he held a dissenting opinion when the Newfoundland Supreme Court ruled in favour of the assembly in the case Kielley v. Carson. This decision was overturned by the judicial committee of the British Privy Council in January 1843, whose arguments were consistent with those put forward earlier by Lilly.

Lilly finished his career mainly as a judge for the northern circuit court. He died in St. John's in 1845.

References

Year of birth uncertain
1846 deaths
Newfoundland Colony judges


title: Disparaît, v

text:
Disparaît, v is a 2005 experimental science fiction film, directed by  Andrei Severny. The film combines 16mm film with early digital video. Disparaît, v was part of the official selection at Milano Film Festival in 2005 and 2013, Avignon Film Festival, MECAL Film Festival and Kolkata Film Festival. It was distributed and screened in multiple theaters in Italy by Esterni re-distribution in 2005-2012. The film was shot on location in New York City.

Synopsis
Guided by a distant voice on the phone, Jack has less than twelve hours to make his way through the city before something drastic changes his whole life. The story of the final journey set in the urban environment resolves with Jack s girlfriend leading him to the mystery of complete disappearance from this world.

References

External links
 Official website
 Disparaît, v on Vimeo

2005 films
2005 science fiction films
Films directed by Andrei Severny (filmmaker)
Films shot in New York City
2000s English-language films
American science fiction short films
Russian short films
Japanese short films
British science fiction short films
Russian science fiction films
Japanese science fiction films
2000s French-language films
American avant-garde and experimental films
Russian avant-garde and experimental films
Japanese avant-garde and experimental films
British avant-garde and experimental films
2000s American films
2000s British films
2000s Japanese films


The 2014–15 Gonzaga Bulldogs women's basketball team represents Gonzaga University in the 2014–15 college basketball season. The Bulldogs (also informally referred to as the "Zags"), members of the West Coast Conference, were led by new head coach Lisa Fortier; she replaces Kelly Graves, who left to take the head coaching vacancy at Oregon. The Zags play their home games at the McCarthey Athletic Center on the university campus in Spokane, Washington. They finished the season 26-8, 12-4 in WCC play to win the WCC regular season title. They advanced to the semifinals to WCC women's tournament where they lost to BYU. They received at-large bid to the NCAA women's basketball tournament where they upset George Washington in the first round, Oregon State in the second round, before losing to Tennessee in the Sweet Sixteen to end their Cinderella run.

Roster

Schedule

|-
!colspan=9 style="background:#002469; color:white;"| Exhibition

|-
!colspan=9 style="background:#002469; color:white;"| Non-conference regular season

|-
!colspan=9 style="background:#002469; color:white;"| WCC regular season

|-
!colspan=9 style="background:#002965; color:white;"| WCC Women's Tournament

|-
!colspan=9 style="background:#002965; color:white;"| NCAA tournament

Rankings
2014–15 NCAA Division I women's basketball rankings

See also
2014–15 Gonzaga Bulldogs men's basketball team
Gonzaga Bulldogs women's basketball

References

Gonzaga
Gonzaga Bulldogs women's basketball seasons
Gonzaga
Gonzaga Bulldogs
Gonzaga Bulldogs


title: SV Erlenbach

text:
The SV Erlenbach is a German association football club from the town of Erlenbach am Main, Bavaria.

The club's greatest success came in 2013 when it qualified for the northern division of Bayernliga, the fifth tier of the German football league system.

History
While football was played in Erlenbach before the First World War it was not until after the war that it became organised when FV Viktoria Erlenbach was formed on 19 March 1919. The inspiration for the name Viktoria came from Viktoria Aschaffenburg, formed in 1901, which functioned as a "godparent" for the new club.

Viktoria initially struggled to find a home ground until a patch of land became available after a local forest fire. In the early years the club took part in local competitions. The club struggled with the problems of the hyperinflation, with a bill of 374 Billion Reichsmark as costs for the trip to an away game being recorded. It continued in local competitions up until 1941 when the events of the Second World War put a stop to local football. The final teams the club fielded were already mostly composed of soldiers of the German Wehrmacht.

After the war football soon resumed in Erlenbach, first in the form of friendlies, later, from 1946, as competitive matches in the Kreisliga. Initially grouped in the A-Klasse the club rose to the 2. Amateurliga Unterfranken in 1951 and spent the next 17 seasons there. Relegation followed in 1968, the 2. Amateurliga having been renamed to Bezirksliga in 1963, and the club determined that its old sporting facilities were no longer adequate, deciding to upgrade the grounds.

In 1949, another football club was formed in Erlenbach and name Eintracht Erlenbach. This club never climbed as high as local rival Viktoria and, in 1969, the two clubs started discussing a merger. After both sides agreed the SV 1919 Erlenbach was formed on 20 February 1970.

Three years after the merger the new club won the A-Klasse Spessart and earned promotion to the Bezirksliga Unterfranken-West.

The club first rose above Lower Franconian level when it won promotion to the tier four Landesliga Bayern-Nord in 1977. SVE came eleventh in its first season there but followed this up with two runners-up finishes in 1979 and 1980. At the time, no promotion was available for the Landesliga runners-up, the promotion play-offs to the Bayernliga being introduced in 1981, and Erlenbach remained in the Landesliga, having to wait another 33 years to win promotion to this league. The club slowly declined after this and, in 1984, was relegated back to the Bezirksliga.

SV Erlenbach was not a founding member of the new Bezirksoberliga Unterfranken when it was formed in 1988 but won promotion to the league two years later, in 1990. The club, during the leagues 24 seasons of existence, became the holder of a number of records. Erlenbach spent more seasons then any other club in the league, 18, led the all-time table and was the only club to have won three league titles.

The clubs first stint in the league lasted for five seasons before a league title took it up to the Landesliga Bayern-Nord. It spent the 1995–96 season there but, finishing 17th, was promptly relegated. Six more Bezirksoberliga seasons followed before SVE won another league title, moved up to the Landesliga once more, finished 17th again and dropped back to the Bezirksoberliga.

Back in the Bezirksoberliga Unterfranken the club immediately won another league championship and moved back up to the Landesliga, this time for two seasons. In its first year back, 2004–05, it came 13th but an 18th place the season after meant it dropped once more back to the Bezirksoberliga.

Another six seasons in this league followed in which SVE never really came close to promotion again. In 2011–12, the leagues last season, the club finished eighth and managed to qualify for the new Landesliga Bayern-Nordwest, the Landesliga having been expanded from three to five divisions. SVE won the league in its first season and moved up to the Bayernliga.

In its first-ever Bayernliga season the club finished in ninth place.

Honours
The club's honours:
 Landesliga Bayern-Nordwest Champions: 2013
 Landesliga Bayern-Nord Runners-up: 1979, 1980
 Bezirksoberliga Unterfranken Champions: 1995, 2002, 2004
 Bezirksliga Unterfranken-West'
 Champions: 1990

Recent seasons
The recent season-by-season performance of the club:

With the introduction of the Bezirksoberligas in 1988 as the new fifth tier, below the Landesligas, all leagues below dropped one tier. With the introduction of the Regionalligas in 1994 and the 3. Liga in 2008 as the new third tier, below the 2. Bundesliga, all leagues below dropped one tier. With the establishment of the Regionalliga Bayern as the new fourth tier in Bavaria in 2012 the Bayernliga was split into a northern and a southern division, the number of Landesligas expanded from three to five and the Bezirksoberligas abolished. All leagues from the Bezirksligas onwards were elevated one tier.

Key

References

External links
 Official team site
 Das deutsche Fußball-Archiv  historical German domestic league tables
 Manfreds Fussball Archiv  Tables and results from the Bavarian amateur leagues
 SV Erlenbach at Weltfussball.de

Football clubs in Germany
Football clubs in Bavaria
Football in Lower Franconia
Association football clubs established in 1919
1919 establishments in Germany


title: Mario Gioffredo

text:
Mario Gaetano Gioffredo, also called the Neapolitan Vitruvius (14 May 1718 – 8 March 1785), was an Italian architect, engineer, and engraver.

Biography
He was born and died in Naples. He trained under Martino Buonocore. He was active in a Neoclassical style. He designed the Palazzo Partanna in Naples. He also worked in designs for the Teatrino of the Palazzo d'Afflitto (1748); the design of the Palazzo Latilla (1754), and  the Palazzo Cavalcanti (1762). He designed the church of Spirito Santo (1774), and the monasteries of Maria Maddalena and Santa Caterina da Siena.

He wrote a treatise of architecture (1768). In 1783, he was named the Royal architect to the Neapolitan Court, but had become blind.

References

1718 births
1785 deaths
18th-century Italian architects
Architects from Naples
Italian neoclassical architects
Engineers from Naples
Italian topographers


title: Albatrellus flettii

text:
Albatrellus flettii is a species of fungus in the family Albatrellaceae. It was originally described in 1941 by Elizabeth Eaton Morse as Polyporus flettii, but this naming was invalid as it lacked a Latin description. Zdeněk Pouzar transferred it to Albatrellus in 1972. The species is found in western North America, where it grows on the ground in coniferous forests.

References

Russulales
Fungi described in 1941
Fungi of North America


title: Leader of the House in Lok Sabha

text:
The Leader of the House in Lok Sabha (IAST: ) is the parliamentary chairperson of the party that holds a majority in the Lok Sabha and is responsible for government business in the house. The office holder is usually the prime minister if they are a member of the house. If the prime minister is not a member of the Lok Sabha, usually the senior-most minister in the union cabinet serves as the leader of the house.

History
Seventeen individuals had served as the leader of the house in the Lok Sabha. Of which, twelve individuals (including Gulzarilal Nanda) were prime ministers and served as the leader of the house. Jawaharlal Nehru became the first leader of the house after the 1951 general election and served as the leader of the house until his death in 1964. After his demise, acting prime minister Gulzarilal Nanda briefly served as  the leader of the house. Lal Bahadur Shastri and acting prime minister Lal Bahadur Shastri served as the leader of the house.

Prime Minister Indira Gandhi following her appointment in 1966 was a member of the Rajya Sabha and hence appointed Parliamentary Affairs minister Satya Narayan Sinha as the leader of the house in the Lok Sabha. Following her election to the Lok Sabha in the 1967 general election, Gandhi replaced Sinha as the leader of the house. Sinha, was thus, the first leader of the house who was not the prime minister.

Prime Ministers Morarji Desai, Charan Singh, Indira Gandhi, Rajiv Gandhi, V. P. Singh, Chandrashekhar, P. V. Narasimha Rao, Atal Bihari Vajpayee also served as the leaders of the house. After the 1991 general election, newly-appointed prime minister P. V. Narasimha Rao was not elected to either house of the parliament. Education Minister Arjun Singh served as the leader of the house until the election of prime minister Rao as a member of the Lok Sabha from Nandyal in a bye-election in November 1991.

Two Janata Dal prime ministers H. D. Deve Gowda and Inder Kumar Gujral were members of the Rajya Sabha, hence Railways Minister Ram Vilas Paswan, being a senior member of the cabinet, served as the leader of the house under both premiers. Similarly, Prime Minister Manmohan Singh was a member of the Rajya Sabha during his premiership from 2004 till 2014, the senior-most minister in the union cabinet Pranab Mukherjee served as the leader of the house from 2004 till his resignation from the Lok Sabha in 2012 after being elected as the President of India. He was succeeded by Home Minister Sushilkumar Shinde as the leader of the opposition.

The current prime minister Narendra Modi has been serving as the leader of the house since 2014.

List of Leader of the House in Lok Sabha
Key
 Assassinated or died in office

List of Deputy Leader of the House in Lok Sabha

See also
Speaker of the Lok Sabha
Deputy Speaker of the Lok Sabha
Leader of the House in Rajya Sabha
Leader of the Opposition in Lok Sabha
Leader of the Opposition in Rajya Sabha
Secretary General of the Lok Sabha

Notes

References

Lok Sabha
Lists of political office-holders in India
Lists of members of the Lok Sabha
Leaders of the Lok Sabha


title: Daniel Avramovski

text:
Daniel Avramovski (; born 20 February 1995) is a Macedonian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Bosnian Premier League club Sarajevo.

Club career

Rabotnički
Born in Skopje, Avramovski played with FK Rabotnički and FK Makedonija Gjorče Petrov in the First Macedonian Football League. While with Rabotnički, Avramovski developed a reputation which brought the attention of several European clubs, and in February 2012 was invited to a ten-day trial with Liverpool.

Red Star Belgrade
In July 2014 he signed a three-year contract with Serbian side Red Star Belgrade. On 30 August 2014, Avramovski scored on his debut with Red Star, scoring the only goal in the 1–0 win against FK Spartak Subotica just ten minutes after coming on as a substitute.

Avramovski was loaned to OFK Beograd, where he made 22 league and 2 cup appearances in the 2015–16 season.

In summer 2016, Avramovski returned in Red Star Belgrade, and he was licensed for Second qualifying round of the 2016–17 UEFA Europa League season. After some injury problems, he failed to play, and spent the rest of a year without any official matches for the club. As he was not licensed for the Serbian SuperLiga already, Avramovski terminated his contract and left the club in December of the same year.

Olimpija Ljubljana
On 20 December 2016, Avramovski moved to Slovenia, and signed three-and-a-half year deal with Olimpija Ljubljana.

Loan to Vojvodina
On the last day of the Serbian summer transfer window, Avramovski signed a one-year loan deal, with the option of buyout, with Vojvodina.

International career
On 18 June 2014 he made his debut for the Macedonian national team at the age of 19 in a 2–0 friendly loss against the Chinese national team.

Career statistics

Club

International

Honours
Vardar
Macedonian First Football League: 2019–20

Individual
Macedonian First Football League Top Goalscorer: 2019–20 (10 goals)

References

External links
Daniel Avramovski stats at utakmica.rs

1995 births
Living people
Footballers from Skopje
Men's association football midfielders
Macedonian men's footballers
North Macedonia men's youth international footballers
North Macedonia men's under-21 international footballers
North Macedonia men's international footballers
FK Rabotnički players
FK Makedonija G.P. players
Red Star Belgrade footballers
OFK Beograd players
NK Olimpija Ljubljana (2005) players
FK Vojvodina players
FK Vardar players
Kayserispor footballers
FK Sarajevo players
Macedonian First Football League players
Serbian SuperLiga players
Slovenian PrvaLiga players
Süper Lig players
Premier League of Bosnia and Herzegovina players
UEFA Euro 2020 players
Macedonian expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in Serbia
Macedonian expatriate sportspeople in Serbia
Expatriate men's footballers in Slovenia
Macedonian expatriate sportspeople in Slovenia
Expatriate men's footballers in Turkey
Macedonian expatriate sportspeople in Turkey
Expatriate men's footballers in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Macedonian expatriate sportspeople in Bosnia and Herzegovina


title: Ray Aggs

text:
Ray Aggs is a musician based in Glasgow. Primarily known for their distinctive guitar work, influenced by both West African highlife and post-punk, they also sing and play the violin.

Career
They have been playing with the band Trash Kit since 2009, formed with Rachel Horwood and Ros Murray (later replaced by Gill Partington), releasing 3 albums on the Upset! The Rhythm Indie-label, a self-titled record in 2010, Confidence, in 2014 and Horizon in 2019.

Aggs is also a member of Shopping, formed with Andrew Milk and Billy Easter, since 2012. Other bands have included The Madrigals, Covergirl, Golden Grrrls, and Sacred Paws, who released their debut EP in 2015.

In June 2017, Sacred Paws debut album Strike A Match, released the previous January, was awarded Scottish Album of the Year.

They have written several zines, including I Trust My Guitar and DIY Guitar for beginners. Aggs has often been featured in the Shotgun Seamstress zine, a book of when re-released had Aggs involved in a discussion panel of Black zinesters at Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial Library in Washington D.C. in 2022.

Following the theme of their zines, Aggs has taught guitar in workshops, one called Decolonising The Guitar and as part of the workshop series leading up to First Timers festival at DIY Space For London.

Between 2011-2015 they worked at Power Lunches in Dalston, East London, active in the scene cultivated at the venue.

They were a contributor to performance of the Pauline Oliveros score To Valerie Solanas and Marilyn Monroe, In Recognition of their Desperation in a performance in the Turbine Hall, Tate Modern, 2012. As well as on a second occasion in a film-based performance with other musicians Peaches, Catriona Shaw, Verity Susman, Ginger Brooks Takahashi, and William Wheeler in a film of the same name by artists Pauline Boudry / Renate Lorenz and shown at Museum of Modern Art, New York, in a special event with the artists, Oliveros and Gregg Bordowitz in May 2014.

On 14 April 2018 Aggs performed at the Barbican as part of a 12 guitarist group assembled by Thurston Moore; along with Deborah Goodge, Susan Stenger, Jonah Falco, Joseph Coward, and more. In 2022 Aggs was in Nikita Gale's Frieze installation 63/62 alongside other musicians Alpha Maid and Joviale.

In 2020 Aggs started releasing and performing solo music, now under the name R. Aggs. Their first solo EP, recorded the year before, as part of the second series of Lost Map Records' 'Visitations' subscription service. Each release in the series is recorded by the artist whilst staying in a bothy on the isle of Eigg, where the label is based, in the Scottish Inner Hebrides. Aggs also composed the song Another Road for the 2021 Netflix film Hilda and the Mountain King alongside Vice Cooler.

Discography

Solo
 Visitations 0202 - Lost Map Records, 12” EP, CD, MP3 (2020)
 //TAPE 1// - Self release, Cassette, MP3 (2020)
 Another Road - Soundtrack, Hilda and The Mountain King, MP3 (2021)

Golden Grrrls
 Golden Grrrls – Slumberland Records / Night School, 12" LP, CD, MP3 (2013)

Sacred Paws
 Strike a Match – Rock Action, 12" LP, CD, MP3 (2017)
 Run Around the Sun – Rock Action (UK/EU) / Merge Records (US), 12" LP, CD, MP3 (2019)

Shopping
 Consumer Complaints - Mïlk Records/ FatCat Records, 12" LP, CD, MP3 (2013)
 Why Choose - FatCat Records, 12" LP, CD, MP3 (2015)
 The Official Body - FatCat Records, 12" LP, CD, MP3 (2018)
 All or Nothing - FatCat Records, 12" LP, CD, MP3 (2020)

Trash Kit
 Trash Kit - Upset The Rhythm, 12" LP, CD, MP3 (2010)
 Confidence - Upset The Rhythm, 12" LP, CD, MP3 (2014)
 Horizon - Upset The Rhythm, 12" LP, CD, MP3 (2019)

References

Underground punk scene in the United Kingdom
Living people
English punk rock guitarists
English punk rock singers
Highlife musicians
English violinists
Year of birth missing (living people)
21st-century violinists


title: Tom on Mars

text:
Tom On Mars is a 2005 16mm black and white science fiction film directed by Andrei Severny and starring Laila Lemhadden, Russel Smith, and Peter DuPre. The seven-minute love-story of Tom and Maria is based on a number of real-life cases of dangerous psychological challenges experienced by astronauts during long space assignments or by researchers staying in remote areas such as Antarctica.

The film was part of the official selection at Festival de Nationen in Austria, International Science Film Festival in Hungary, Filmstock Film Festival in UK, West Chester Short Film Festival, Red Shift Film Festival and Festival of Cinema and Technology in the United States. The film was shot on location in New York City.

Synopsis
Tom is the astronaut who in 2049 goes on the second mission to Mars. Just a few days before the start of his mission he meets the love of his life - Maria. Going further away from Earth during his complex and risky space travel Tom starts to experience serious psychological difficulties. Close confinement, isolation and inability to remain in touch with Maria make him shut down communications with the mission control. The enduring test does not finish even upon his return from a 70 million-miles journey.

References

External links
 Official website
 Tom on Mars on Vimeo

2005 films
2005 science fiction films
Films about astronauts
Mars in film
Films directed by Andrei Severny (filmmaker)
Films shot in New York City
American black-and-white films
American science fiction short films
2000s English-language films
2000s American films


title: Alex Woodward

text:
Alex Woodward (born 11 June 1993) is a professional Australian rules footballer who played for the Hawthorn Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL). He attended Mazenod College.

Football career

He was drafted by Hawthorn Football Club with pick 53 in 2011 AFL Draft from the Sandringham Dragons in the TAC Cup. Whilst on Hawthorn's list, Woodward twice ruptured his anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) in his right knee and has had three knee reconstructions. Woodward has played primarily for Box Hill Hawks in VFL and finally made his AFL debut in round 18, 2014.

After competing his first full year of football in three years, Woodward's hard work was rewarded with winning the J. J. Liston Trophy for 2014. He polled 20 votes.

Woodward tore the ACL in his right knee early in Box Hill Hawks’ match against Coburg in the VFL in July 2015.

Woodward was delisted at the conclusion of the 2015 season; however, he was re-drafted in the 2016 rookie draft with the 52nd selection. At the conclusion of the 2016 season, he was delisted again by Hawthorn.

In 2017, he joined the Collingwood VFL team but ruptured his ACL again in his third game for the club. He returned strongly with the club in mid-2018, and managed to finish third in the J. J. Liston Trophy despite playing only eight games for the year.

Woodward also served as a runner for the Collingwood AFL team during the year, and controversially became involved in the play during the 2018 AFL Grand Final to Collingwood's detriment. Late in the third quarter, Collingwood's Taylor Adams miskicked an attempted clearing kick towards centre half back; 's Elliot Yeo and Collingwood's Jaidyn Stephenson would both have had the opportunity to contest the miskick, but Woodward inadvertently blocked Stephenson's path, allowing Yeo to take the mark uncontested and kick a goal. The goal gave West Coast the lead for the first time since early in the game, and West Coast went on to win by five points.

In August 2019, following his 5th ACL injury, Woodward announced his retirement from playing football altogether.

Statistics

|- style=background:#EAEAEA
| 2012 ||  || 36
| 0 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || 0
|-
| 2013 ||  || 36
| 0 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || 0
|- style=background:#EAEAEA
| 2014 ||  || 39
| 2 || 0 || 1 || 6 || 12 || 18 || 1 || 8 || 0.0 || 0.5 || 3.0 || 6.0 || 9.0 || 0.5 || 4.0 || 0
|-
| 2015 ||  || 39
| 0 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || 0
|- style=background:#EAEAEA
| 2016 ||  || 39
| 0 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || 0
|- class="sortbottom"
! colspan=3| Career
! 2 !! 0 !! 1 !! 6 !! 12 !! 18 !! 1 !! 8 !! 0.0 !! 0.5 !! 3.0 !! 6.0 !! 9.0 !! 0.5 !! 4.0 !! 0
|}

Honours and achievements
Team
 Minor premiership (): 2015

Individual
 J.J. Liston Trophy: 2014

References

External links

1993 births
Living people
Box Hill Football Club players
Hawthorn Football Club players
Australian rules footballers from Victoria (state)
Sandringham Dragons players
Australian people of Filipino descent
J. J. Liston Trophy winners


title: Glencoe High School (Alabama)

text:
Glencoe High School is a public high school, located in Glencoe, Alabama, United States serving approximately 339 students in grades nine through twelve. The school is part of the Etowah County Schools.

The school is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools.  Glencoe High School is recognized in the National Rankings and earned a silver medal by Newsweek's Best High Schools in American . Schools are ranked based on their performance on state-required tests and how well they prepare students for college.

History
Glencoe High School opened in 1918. A middle school was added in later years. The high school's current building was rebuilt in 2006 at the same location as the former school.

Athletics
Athletic teams are called the Yellow Jackets and the official school colors are black and gold. The Glencoe football team won the Class 2A state championship in 1973. They won regional championships in 1978, 1979, 1981, 1995, 1996, and 2014.

The Glencoe football team added the first ever female player, Kaitlyn Smith, to their roster as their kicker in 2015.

Band
The Glencoe High School Band performed at the 2014 Sugar Bowl.

Alumni
Notable alumni of Glencoe High School include:
Shannon Camper (class of 1998), Miss Alabama 2004
Jana Sanderson (class of 1997), Miss Alabama 2000

References

External links
 Glencoe High School official website
 Etowah County Schools official website
 Alabama High School Football Historical Society

Public high schools in Alabama
Buildings and structures in Etowah County, Alabama
Schools in Etowah County, Alabama


title: Darrell Spinks

text:
Darrell Spinks (born July 24, 1973) is an American former professional boxer.

Family

Spinks was born in Saint Louis, Missouri, one of three sons his father Leon Spinks had with Zadie Mae Calvin. Darrell had four siblings. His older brother Leon Calvin was shot to death in 1990. His younger brother Cory Spinks is a former welterweight champion. His uncle, Michael Spinks was a former light heavyweight and heavyweight world champion.

Professional career

Spinks won his first bout by unanimous decision on March 6, 1995 against Earl Abernathy. His most significant win was a unanimous decision over Troy Weaver for the WBO NABO light heavyweight title on October 1, 1999. It was one of the only two professional fights Spinks won against fighters with winning records. He also lost bouts for the IBA Continental Americas Cruiserweight title and the NABF light heavyweight title.  His last bout was a split decision loss against Eric Davis on February 18, 2000.

References

External links

1973 births
Boxers from St. Louis
Living people
Light-heavyweight boxers
American male boxers


title: Punawale

text:
Punawale is a fast developing suburb of Pimpri-Chinchwad. Punawale is 5 minutes distance from Pune Mumbai expressway.

Located advantageously close to Hinjawadi and its growing IT Park and the Pune Mumbai Expressway, Punawale has now emerged as the location of choice for home buyers from the Information Technology as well as manufacturing segments.

Punawale is also in close proximity to Wakad and benefits from convenient access to various hospitals, schools and shopping malls.

History
Punawale was an underdeveloped village. Prior to its development, most of the inhabitants were poor peasants practicing agriculture and wood carving, deprived of basic public services. From the late 1990s, the village grew to catch up with the vast industrialization and expansion of the nearby Pune city. The introduction of IT Park near Hinjawadi sparked a tremendous real estate growth in the region favored by IT professionals.

Transportation
Punawale is well connected to the rest of the city by public transportation. PMPML buses shuttle across the area frequently, connecting it with other areas of the city. Sharing / private Auto Rickshaws and cabs are also available.

Education
Some primary schools and Pre-primary schools affiliated to Maharashtra state board have been developed in this locality in the past few years. Many schools affiliated to national education boards ICSE and CBSE have been established within the area limits. Some Preschools have also been developed in Punawale, such as the Colours Preschool.

References

Neighbourhoods in Pimpri-Chinchwad


title: Klaus Lauer

text:
Klaus Lauer (born 1950) is a German neuroepidemologist, mostly known for his work on multiple sclerosis (MS).

Early life
Klaus Joachim Lauer was born in 1950 and studied medicine in Frankfurt (Germany) from 1968 to 1975. He became a resident in the Department of Neurology of Klinikum Darmstadt, the Academic Teaching Hospital of Frankfurt University (Akademisches Lehrkrankenhaus der Universitäten Frankfurt/Main und Heidelberg-Mannheim, a major healthcare institution in South Hesse. Besides clinical work, Lauer devoted most of his research to epidemiology, with a special focus on MS etiology.

Career
Early on, he published a series of five articles on multiple sclerosis in the land of Hesse with Wolfgang Firnhaber, who had already been studying MS epidemiology in Göttingen and Darmstadt, with support from the Hertie Foundation, the German Research Foundation and the Stifterverband für die Deutsche Wissenschaft. His lasting collaboration with Prof. Firnhaber, a longtime expert in MS prognostication and geomedical aspects of MS, provided K. Lauer with a solid background in geomedical investigation.

In the mid 80's, Lauer launched a series of specialized reports in Scandinavia, starting with a study of multiple sclerosis in Western Norway published in Neurology. He has been following Norvegian MS ever since  and has also coauthored epidemiological studies in Sweden with Anne-Marie Landtblom and Inger Boström.

Like John Kurtzke, Klaus J. Lauer has dedicated a large part of his work to the study of MS in the Faroe Islands, starting with a 1986 article in the Journal of Neurology entitled "Some comments on the occurrence of multiple sclerosis in the Faroe Islands", followed in 1988 by "Multiple sclerosis in relation to industrial and commercial activities in the Faroe Islands" in the journal Neuroepidemiology, followed one year later by "Dietary changes in temporal relation to multiple sclerosis in the Faroe Islands: an evaluation of literary sources" in the same journal.

MS is generally considered a multifactorial disease, in which genetic predispositions and environmental triggers combine to launch an autoimmune process. As an international expert on the environmental dimension of MS, Lauer compiled a review in Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics.

Since 1992, Lauer has published a large number of epidemiological studies covering most west European countries, Russia, the USA, Canada, some countries in Asia and the Middle-East, with a special focus on dietary aspects of etiology. Most recently, Klaus Lauer has focused again on MS in the Faroes  and has been involved as an expert in the steering committee of the EnviMS study, a major multi-countries study investigating the impact of environmental exposures on MS. Lauer is also one of the authors of a reference study of the cost of MS in Europe and of several publications dealing with technical and methodological considerations in neuroepidemiology applied to multiple sclerosis.

References

External links
Klinikum Darmstadt official page

1950 births
Living people
German neuroscientists


title: Miss Fiji

text:
Miss Fiji is a national Beauty pageant in Fiji.

History
In 1956 Miss Fiji Pageant Association held in under local government and Fiji Airways. The previous pageant was known by Miss Hibiscus National Pageant. The first Miss Fiji was Liebling Marlow. In 1979 Fiji started to compete at the Miss Universe pageant with Tanya Whiteside.

International winners
Miss South Pacific
2016 — Anne Dunn
2011 — Alisi Rabukawaqa
2009 — Merewalesi Nailatikau

Titleholders

Representatives at Big Four international pageants
The Miss Fiji has competed at the Big Four international beauty pageants since 1979. In 2007 there was Miss Fiji Earth which held the official contest for Miss Earth and continued in 2012 by You and Me Talent Fiji Foundation. In 2012 there was Miss Fiji World which holds the official contest to find the Miss World Fiji representative to represent her country at the Miss World. In 2014 Miss Earth Fiji together joined with Miss Earth Tonga and Miss Earth Samoa to select the three queens for the Miss Earth headed by Mr. Tito Lavashe Couture-Stowers. In Miss Universe, Fiji made its debut in 1979 and last competed in 1981. In 2017, Fiji debut at Miss Grand International.

Miss Fiji Universe

Miss Fiji World

Miss Fiji International

Miss Fiji Earth

References

External links
Official Miss World Fiji page

Fiji
Fiji
Fiji
Recurring events established in 1979
Fijian awards


title: CrAssphage

text:
CrAss-like phage are a bacteriophage (virus that infects bacteria) family that was discovered in 2014 by cross assembling reads in human fecal metagenomes. In silico comparative genomics and taxonomic analysis have found that crAss-like phages represent a highly abundant and diverse family of viruses. CrAss-like phage were predicted to infect bacteria of the Bacteroidota phylum and the prediction was later confirmed when the first crAss-like phage (crAss001) was isolated on a Bacteroidota host (B. intestinalis) in 2018. The presence of crAss-like phage in the human gut microbiota is not yet associated with any health condition.

Discovery
The crAss (cross-assembly) software used to discover the first crAss-like phage, p-crAssphage (prototypical-crAssphage), relies on cross assembling reads from multiple metagenomes obtained from the same environment. The goal of cross-assembly is that unknown reads from one metagenome align with known reads, or reads that have similarity to known reads, in another metagenome, thereby increasing the total number of usable reads in each metagenome. The crAss software is an analysis tool for cross-assemblies which specializes in reference-independent comparative metagenomics. CrAss assumes that a contig(s) made up of reads from differing metagenomes (cross-contig) is representative of a biological entity present in each of the differing metagenomes. P-crAssphage was discovered when crAss was used to analyze the cross-assembly of twelve human fecal metagenomes. Several cross-contigs consisting of unknown reads were identified in all twelve individuals and through re-assembly techniques, the p-crAssphage genome was re-constructed. P-crAssphage has a ~97kbp circular DNA genome which contains 80 predicted open reading frames.  Using co-occurrence analysis and CRISPR spacer similarities, the phage was predicted to infect Bacteroidota bacteria which are dominant members of the gut microbiome in most individuals.

Taxonomy
The crAss-like phage bacteriophage family is considered highly diverse and consists of four subfamilies- alpha, beta, delta, and gamma- and ten genera within the subfamilies. The subfamilies are defined by crAss-like phage that share 20–40% of their protein-encoding genes while a genera is characterized by crAss-like phage that share >40% of protein-encoding genes. The alpha subfamily consists of the greatest number of crAss-like phage representatives, including p-crAssphage.
 Crassvirales Order
 Crevaviridae Family Coarsevirinae Subfamily Doltivirinae Subfamily Intestiviridae Family Churivirinae Subfamily Crudevirinae Subfamily Obtuvirinae Subfamily Steigviridae Family Asinivirinae Subfamily Suoliviridae Family Bearivirinae Subfamily Boorivirinae Subfamily Loutivirinae Subfamily Oafivirinae Subfamily Uncouvirinae Subfamily Dechshavirus Unassigned Genus Morphology and replication
The crAss-like phage have a podoviridae-like morphology with a tail structure similar to that of bacteriophage P22. Based on initial sequence-based studies of crAss-like phage, the bacteriophage family was predicted to consist of phage with a diversity of lifestyles including lytic, lysogenic, and temperate – a combination of lytic and lysogenic. Despite the genetic evidence of certain lifestyles, in-vitro studies of crAss-like phage replication strategies have yielded inconclusive results.

 crAss001 and B. intestinalis
CrAss001 and its host, B. intestinalis, demonstrate a unique relationship in which the host and phage are able to stably co-exist and co-replicate in liquid culture, yet the phage efficiently lysis its host on solid agar substrates. Co-existence of a phage and its host would typically be indicative of a lysogenic lifestyle, but the crAss001 genome contains none of the genes needed for lysogeny. It was hypothesized that crAss001 uses a lesser-known replication strategy like pseudolysogeny or a carrier state, but a recent study has found evidence that the host is at least partially responsible for the stable co-existence through phase variation. It's now thought that B. intestinalis can modulate infection of crAss001 by modifying its capsular polysaccharides (an example of phase variation), some of which the phage uses for host-recognition. With phase variation, B. intestinalis can maintain subpopulations both resistant and susceptible to phage infection, thereby generating a unique environment in which crAss001 has consistent access to hosts (susceptible subpopulation) and B. intestinalis can replicate uninhibited by phage (resistant subpopulation). CrAss001 is still thought to infect the susceptible subpopulation using a pseudolysogenic or carrier state infection approach, both of which can be associated with a slow-release of phage from living bacterial hosts. The combination of host phase-variation and phage infection strategy yield a relationship in which the phage and host can exist in a stable equilibrium.

 crAss002 and B. xylanisolvens
CrAss002 also exhibits an unusual relationship with its host, B. xylanisolvens. When crAss002 is inoculated into a culture of B. xylanisolvens, the phage takes several days of co-culturing to begin propagating after which it maintains a stable and relatively high titer. When isolated colonies of the co-cultured B. xylanisolvens were used to start new phage propagations, the colonies demonstrated varying responses to phage infection. Some cultures immediately supported phage propagation while others took several days. The differing responses of B. xylanisolvens indicated that the bacterial population was mixed and consisted of cells both susceptible and resistant to phage infection, similar to the subpopulations of susceptible and resistant hosts in the crAss001 and B. intestinalis phage-host relationship. Similar to crAss001, crAss002 does not possess the genes needed for lysogeny.

 crAss001 and crAss002 in a bacterial community
In an attempt to see how crAss-like phage behaved in bacterial communities, crAss001 and crAss002 were inoculated into bioreactors containing a defined bacterial community representative of the human gut microbiota. The bacterial community included B. intestinalis and B. xylanisolvens, the respective hosts of crAss001 and crAss002. Despite the crAss001 and crAss002 titers increasing after infection, the cell counts of the bacterial community members were seemingly unaffected by the phage presence. The phage and bacterial community maintained stable population levels throughout the experiment, mimicking the behavior of crAss001 and crAss002 in pure-cultures. It's hypothesized that crAss-like phage and their hosts use unique mechanisms or combinations of mechanisms to maintain their stable equilibrium.

 Humans and crAss-like phage
CrAss-like phage have been identified as a highly abundant and near-universal member of the human gut microbiome. CrAss-like phage seem to be more prevalent in those that consume a western diet which favors the phages' host bacterial phylum- Bacteroidota''. An evolutionary study of crAss-like phage and humans suggests that crAss-like phage prevalence amongst human populations expanded during industrialization and subsequent urbanization when a western diet become more common than a traditional hunter-gatherer diet. Another study, however, found evidence that the relationship between crAss-like phage and humans may extend back to the evolution of the human origin.

Due to the abundance and ubiquity of crAss-like phage in human populations, crAss-like phage have been tested as a method for detecting human feces. The virus may outperform indicator bacteria as a marker for human fecal contamination.

The presence of crAss-like phage in human gut microbiomes has not yet been associated with variables relating to lifestyle or health and it is widely considered that crAss-like phage are benign inhabitants of many people's gut microbiome.  While the presence of crAss-like phage does not seem to be a good indicator of health status, it is possible that the absence of crAss-like phage from the gut microbiome may be indicative of certain health conditions, like metabolic syndrome.

CrAss-like phage are thought to be vertically transmitted from mother to offspring, despite the crAss-like phage abundance at birth being low to undetectable. During the first year of life, crAss-like phage abundance and diversity within the gut microbiome significantly increases. Additionally, there is strong evidence that specific crAss-like phage can be transmitted between humans via fecal microbial transplants (FMTs).

The RNA polymerase of crAss-like phage phi14:2 shares structural homology to RNA polymerases used to catalyze RNA interference in humans and animals. Phi14:2 is thought to deliver its RNA polymerase into the host cell upon infection where it can begin transcription of phi14:2 genes. Because of the delivery mechanism and the similarity of eukaryotic RNA interference polymerases and the phi14:2 RNA polymerase, it's hypothesized that eukaryotic RNA interference polymerases may have originated from phage.

Gubaphages have been identified as another highly abundant phage group in the human gut microbiome. The characteristics of the gubaphages are reminiscent to those of p-crAssphage.

crAss-like phage environments
Based on a sequence similarity screen of p-crAssphage protein sequences to protein sequences in public sequence databases and metagenomes, it was concluded that the crAss-like phage family may consist of a wide diversity of bacteriophage members which can be found in a range of environments including human guts and termite guts, terrestrial/groundwater environments, soda lake (hypersaline brine), marine sediment, and plant root environments.

References

External links
 Newly-found gut virus 'abundant in humans' – BBC News
 Why Has This Really Common Virus Only Just Been Discovered? – National Geographic
 Novel Virus Discovered in Half the World's Population – SDSU
 Globe-Trotting Virus Hides Inside People's Gut Bacteria – NPR

Bacteriophages
Gut flora
Unaccepted virus taxa


title: Seen It All: The Autobiography

text:
Seen It All: The Autobiography is the seventh studio album by American rapper Jeezy. The album was released on September 2, 2014, through CTE World and Def Jam Recordings. The production was handled by several Southern hip hop producers, namely Drumma Boy, Mike Will Made It and Childish Major, among others. It features guest appearances from Jay-Z, Future, Rick Ross, The Game, Lil Boosie, August Alsina and Akon.

Seen It All: The Autobiography was supported by two singles, "Me OK" and "Seen It All". The album received generally positive reviews from critics. It debuted at number two on the US Billboard 200 selling 121,000 copies in its first week.

Background
On December 12, 2012, Jeezy released his twelfth mixtape, titled It's tha World. The second single "R.I.P." was released in February 2013, and eventually was certified platinum. In August 2013, Jeezy released a compilation mixtape with CTE World artists, Doughboyz Cashout and YG, titled Boss Yo Life Up Gang. Both singles from its mixtape, "My Nigga" by YG and "Mob Life" by Doughboyz Cashout (the former of which was certified platinum by the RIAA). On September 18, 2013, he announced his plans to release his next album soon, saying it will detail deeper into his street origins, revealed that Future, Usher, Ludacris and Don Cannon, would be involved in the album.

Jeezy also spoke about the album, saying: "A lot of y'all know when I came in the game, I pretty much came in the game with my hands behind my back. 'Cause a lot of the shit I'd like to talk about or could've talked about probably would have got me in a lot of trouble. This is probably my first album where I can explain and let niggas know where I stand. In layman's terms, the statute of limitations is over with." On June 30, 2014, Jeezy announced that his fifth studio album would be titled Seen It All and announced it would be released on September 2, 2014. On July 25, 2014, Jeezy revealed the cover art for Seen It All: The Autobiography.

Singles
On October 8, 2013, the album's first promotional single "In My Head" was released. On May 30, 2014, Jeezy released the album's first single "Me OK". On July 1, 2014, he released the second single, the title-track "Seen It All" featuring Jay-Z. On August 4, 2014, the music video for "Me OK", was released. The video was directed by Motion Family and features cameo appearances from Rich Homie Quan, Trey Songz and T.I. On August 22, 2014, the music video was released for "No Tears" featuring Future. The remixed version of the song "Holy Ghost", which was released on September 3, 2014, features Kendrick Lamar and includes an introduction by T. D. Jakes. On September 15, 2014, the music video was released for "Holy Ghost".

Critical reception

Seen It All: The Autobiography was met with generally positive reviews. At Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream publications, the album received an average score of 70, based on 14 reviews. Aggregator AnyDecentMusic? gave it 6.3 out of 10, based on their assessment of the critical consensus.

Luke Fox of Exclaim! said, "Sure, the usual Jeezy tropes of hustling and encouraging others to also hustle haven't gone anywhere – the rote "Been Getting Money (featuring Akon)" could be plopped on any Jeezy album and no one would notice – but there's a heap of real-life wisdom here, too. The reactionary Jeezy probably got your attention, but the reflective Jeezy is determined to maintain it. He's a rare, diamond-encrusted rapper who still plausibly speaks for the poor." James Rainis of Slant Magazine stated, "On Seen It All, Jeezy proves you don't need to overcome your own one-dimensional lyrical perspective in order to become a trap star: All you need is the right work ethic and a willingness to adapt to whatever craziness the kids are digging these days." Sheldon Pearce of HipHopDX said, "At its very best, Seen It All is a glimpse into how Jeezy can make his living on the back nine in a crowded subgenre with no use for him anymore: By recalling the most chilling details of his drug dealing past with a flashback-like crispness." Roger Krastz of XXL stated, "At this moment in Jeezy's career, he's managed to find a new way to own his lane by staying consistent to what's made him a household name. Seen It All: The Autobiography is a solid offering, and shows growth of Tha Snowman who is 10 years deep in the rap game."

David Jeffries of AllMusic said, "Strange thing is, Jeezy should have worn out his welcome in the land of drug talk by now, and yet everything here feels fresh and inspired, perhaps validating the rapper's pre-release declaration that some lyrics are here because "the statute of limitations is over." Whatever the reason, Seen It All: The Autobiography shakes off all the challenges of Jeezy's lesser releases and finds new inspiration from the same old rap sheet." Jon Caramanica of The New York Times stated, "This is a strong, if unimaginative album – Jeezy is confident in what he's done, and uninterested in tweaking it. He may not drag his words out as alluringly as he once did, but the sternness of his delivery is intact." Clayton Purdom of The A.V. Club said, "Jeezy's career is built on the heartfelt banger, and, after a decade, it's understandable that he's trying to place his unearthly voice in other settings. The fact that those settings don't work turns Seen It All into the very thing it had hoped to avoid becoming: a fussy major-label rap album."

Commercial performance
Seen It All: The Autobiography debuted at number two on the US Billboard 200, with first-week sales of 121,000 copies in the United States. This was nearly a 50% decrease in sales from his last studio album TM:103 Hustlerz Ambition which sold 233,000 copies in its first week. In its second week, it dropped to number six, selling 33,000 copies. In its third week, it dropped to number 14, selling 21,000 copies. In its fourth week, it dropped to number 25, selling 14,000 copies. As of October 2016, the album has sold 342,000 copies in the US.

Track listing

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Certifications

References

2014 albums
Def Jam Recordings albums
Jeezy albums
Albums produced by Drumma Boy
Albums produced by Mike Will Made It
Albums produced by No I.D.
Albums produced by Don Cannon
Albums produced by Cardo
Albums produced by Frank Dukes


title: Masters M50 triple jump world record progression

text:
This is the progression of world record improvements of the triple jump M50 division of Masters athletics.

Key

References

Masters Athletics Triple Jump list

Masters athletics world record progressions
Triple jump


title: Masters M55 triple jump world record progression

text:
This is the progression of world record improvements of the triple jump M55 division of Masters athletics.

Key

References

Masters Athletics Triple Jump list

Masters athletics world record progressions


title: Masters M60 triple jump world record progression

text:
This is the progression of world record improvements of the triple jump M60 division of Masters athletics.

Key

References

Masters Athletics Triple Jump list

Masters athletics world record progressions


title: Masters M65 triple jump world record progression

text:
This is the progression of world record improvements of the triple jump M65 division of Masters athletics.

Key

References

Masters Athletics Triple Jump list

Masters athletics world record progressions


title: Rigidoporus laetus

text:
Rigidoporus laetus is a species of polypore fungus in the family Meripilaceae. It was originally described in 1883 as Polyporus laetus by Mordecai Cubitt Cooke. Peter Buchanan and Leif Ryvarden transferred it to Rigidoporus in 1988. Found in south Australia, the fungus is a plant pathogen that causes white rot in Eucalyptus.

References

Fungi described in 1883
Fungi of Australia
Meripilaceae
Fungal plant pathogens and diseases
Taxa named by Mordecai Cubitt Cooke


title: Masters M70 triple jump world record progression

text:
This is the progression of world record improvements of the triple jump M70 division of Masters athletics.

Key

References

Masters Athletics Triple Jump list

Masters athletics world record progressions
Triple


title: After School Club

text:
After School Club, often shortened to ASC, is a South Korean interactive music talk show that primarily airs on Arirang TV. Premiering on April 17, 2013, the show is currently co-hosted by Allen and Taeyoung of Cravity and Aaron Kwak.  After School Club's live broadcast spotlights Korean musicians, primarily K-pop idols and groups, and is spoken in English as the program is directed towards an international audience.

After School Club is produced by Lee Hyun-ah and executive produced by Summer Jung. Aside from its television broadcasts, After School Club is also livestreamed online and utilizes social media technologies such as Twitter and Google Hangouts to directly interact with international fans. Through this, the show features a live audience consisting of the guests' fans that are shown through video chats.

Premise and format
ASC features various musical guests of South Korea and the series is directed at an international audience so the principal language is English with Korean subtitles and translations produced on air. Fans can join in on the live broadcasts through video chats in Google Hangouts, send in tweets to the show's official Twitter account, and are also able to share comments, ask questions, and request music videos on the show's official Facebook account. The show is also livestreamed on Viki, Soompi, DramaFever, Youtube, and V Live.

Two activities that take place every episode are the Roll Calls and Hangouts. During the "Roll Call" portion Twitter users tweet their name, location, the time and generally a short message to the weekly guest. Those that participate may be singled out during the beginning of the episode and given a shout out by the guest. "Hangouts" are typically done twice an episode where some fans are selected for a real-time Google Hangout on the show which usually involves something (such as a song or dance) prepared by the fan to show to the guest(s) and a request. Other activities include prepared performances for fans by the guests, such as impressions, dances, and short parodies.

On March 5, 2014 (episode 48) the show expanded to include a second episode every week known as the After School Club After Show which features other guest appearances and behind-the-scenes footage from the previous episodes. The production team announced on Twitter that the After Show segment would be retired; the last After Show was on February 25, 2015 (episode 148).

The show joined V Live on August 25, 2015, Instagram on June 1, 2016, and Snapchat on January 2, 2017.

A new logo and a new studio set was introduced beginning from Episode 361 on March 26, 2019.

Hosting history
The original hosts of After School Club were Eric Nam and Jang Han-byul. 15&'s Park Jimin (now going by the name Jamie) was originally a guest for episode 67 as part of 15& and was an occasional co-host for the main show/MC of After Show from episode 87 onwards. Jamie was promoted to co-host of the main show after the cancellation of After Show. U-KISS's Kevin Woo was originally a guest on episode 3 and was a co-host for the main show from episode 43 onwards.

On April 11, 2016, it was announced that Eric would be leaving the show, the April 12 episode being his last appearance. On June 21, 2016, it was announced that Jae of Day6, who was a guest on episode 214, would be a co-host starting with episode 218.

On April 3, 2018, it was announced that Kevin would be graduating as MC of the show. His last episode as an MC was on April 10 and ASC held graduation ceremony for him on April 17.

On July 5, 2018, it was announced that Jae would be graduating as MC of the show after two years, with his last episode airing on July 17. On July 18, it was announced that Seungmin of Stray Kids and Han Hee-jun would co-host with Jamie. Seungmin left the show on December 12 due to scheduling conflicts. Seungmin's last episode aired on December 25.

On March 20, 2019, it was announced on Twitter that Kim Woo-sung of The Rose will be the third MC beginning with episode 361 on March 26, 2019. Woosung left the show on December 31 due to his future promotions and busy performance schedules. He was replaced by Park Yu-ri of JxR, whose first episode aired on March 3, 2020. Yuri departed after the August 25, 2020, episode. In October 2020, Jaeyun of TO1 was announced as the new co-host of After School Club, and he begin emceeing starting from the October 13 episode.

On September 1, 2021, it was announced that Kim Byeongkwan of A.C.E would be replacing Heejun as the new co-host of the program, following Heejun's departure following the August 31, 2021, episode. Byeongkwan graduated from the show on March 22, 2022, due to his impending enlistment in the military. He was replaced by Cravity's Allen.

Jaeyun graduated from the show on June 21. He was replaced by former NU'EST member Aaron Kwak beginning from the July 26th episode. After hosting for over seven years, Jamie departed the show following the August 16th episode to focus on her music career and to work on her new album. She was replaced by Cravity's Taeyoung beginning from the September 6 episode.

Current cast

Former cast

Cast timeline

Guest cast
 6 episodes
 Young K
 5 episodes
 Ashley
 4 episodes
 Benji
 Brad
 Min
 3 episodes
 BM
 Kevin Woo
 Yechan
 2 episodes
 Amber
 Moon
 NS Yoon-G
 Sanchez
 Tia
 Bang Chan
 Peniel
 Taeyoung
 1 episode
 BamBam
 Kevin
 Rome
 Sam
 Felix
 Junghoon
 Bernard

List of episodes and guests

References

External links

South Korean music television shows
2000s South Korean television series
K-pop television series


title: Masters M75 triple jump world record progression

text:
This is the progression of world record improvements of the triple jump M75 division of Masters athletics.

Key

References

Masters Athletics Triple Jump list

Masters athletics world record progressions
Triple


title: Philip Knight (cricketer)

text:
Philip Henry Knight (25 August 1835 – 4 January 1882) was an English soldier, landowner and cricketer who played first-class cricket in a few matches for Cambridge University, the Marylebone Cricket Club and other amateur sides between 1853 and 1864. He was born at Chawton House, Alton, Hampshire and died there as well.

Knight was the son of Edward Knight, who was himself the eldest son of Edward Austen Knight, the brother of the novelist Jane Austen who changed his own family name to "Knight" in 1812 in order to inherit substantial landholdings in Kent and Hampshire. Edward Knight and three of his brothers (George, Henry and Brook) played first-class cricket; one of Philip Knight's brothers and several brothers-in-law also played.

Philip Knight was educated at Harrow School and at Trinity College, Cambridge, though there is no record that he completed a degree there. After Cambridge, he joined the Royal Welch Fusiliers, rising to the rank of major and seeing service in the Indian Mutiny and in the siege and capture of Lucknow. In 1865, he was adjutant of the East Kent Militia.

Cricket career
At Harrow as a cricketer he was the outstanding batsman in each innings in the 1853 Eton v Harrow cricket match which his side won narrowly. Only three weeks after that, he played his first first-class match: a gentlemanly affair involving the Gentlemen of Kent side against the Gentlemen of England. In 1854, he played in both matches between Cambridge University and the MCC, once for each side, but made little impact, and was not picked for the university again; the rest of his first-class cricket came in amateur games in that 1854 season, except for his final two appearances for MCC and the Gentlemen of Kent 10 years later in 1864.

References

1835 births
1882 deaths
Austen family
English cricketers
Cambridge University cricketers
Marylebone Cricket Club cricketers
People educated at Harrow School
Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge
Royal Welch Fusiliers officers
Gentlemen of Marylebone Cricket Club cricketers
Gentlemen of Kent cricketers


title: Mavelikkara Ponnamma

text:
Mavelikkara Ponnamma (died 6 September 1995) was an Indian actress in Malayalam movies. She was one of the prominent supporting actress in late 1970s and 1990s in Malayalam movies. She is noted for her performance in Ulladakkam (1991), Aakasha Kottayile Sultan (1991) and Ennodu Ishtam Koodamo (1992).

Personal life
She belongs to the Mavelikkara Palace clan in Mavelikkara, Kerala. She was married to Raghava Panicker. The couple had a daughter, Sushama Padmanabhan.

Career
She was a government school teacher by profession, but her life was drama and films. She was one of the foremost  females to start acting on stage in the 1940s when female roles were done on stage by men. She had acted in more than 500 stage dramas with renowned troupes like KPAC and Kalanilayam. She had acted with all of the top artistes of her time like Sebastian kunju kunju bhagavathar, Augustine joseph ( Singer Yesudas's father) T. N. Gopinathan Nair, Thoppil Bhasi, O Madhavan ( Actor Mukesh's father) etc.

She started acting in films in 1963 in the Udaya movies film Kadalamma in which she was the heroine and Sathyan was the hero. She acted in few other films during those days like Oru Sundariyude Katha  with Prem Nazir and Jayabharathi and few other films. However, since her job as a teacher didn't allow her to take long leaves and those days since most of the films were being shot in Madras, she discontinued acting till she retired from government service.

She returned to big screen in 1989 with the K P Kumaran directed Award-winning movie Rugmini which had the story by Madhavikutty. Later she starred in movies like Jayaraj's Akasakottayile Sultan- with Srinivasan, Kamal's Ennodishtam Koodamo- with Mukesh, Madhubhala, Kamal's Ulladakkam with Mohanlal, Shobhana etc., Siby Malayil's Lohithadas scripted Valayam with Murali, Manoj K Jayan etc., T.V Chandrans’ Ponthan Mada with Mammootty, Sasinas based on Vaikom Muhammad Basheer's life story with Asokhan, Kidilol Kidilam with Narendra Prasad, Rajan P Dev and Rekha, Thalamura with Narendra Prasad, Madhu and Anju, Pidakkozhi Koovunna Noottandu with Urvashi, Ratheesh, Vinayaprasad, Sathyan Anthikkad's Samooham with Suresh Gopi, Suhasini Manirathnam etc.

She was the recipient of the Kerala Sangeetha Nataka Akademi Award in 1962, Kerala Sangeetha Nataka Akademi Fellowship in 1993, and many other noted awards.

She died on 6 September 1995  at the Sree Uthradom thirunal hospital due to heart attack.

Partial filmography

As an actress

As a playback singer
 Priyachandra Mamachandran as	Jnaanaambika	(1940)
 Manojnam as Jnaanaambika	(1940)
 Maayaarasitham as Jnaanaambika	(1940)
 Jeevitheshane as Jnaanaambika	(1940)

Television career
 Oru Poo Viriyunnu
 Cherappayi
 Lambo {telefilm}
 Manchiyam {telefilm}

Dramas
 Sthree

References

External links

Mavelikkara Ponnamma at MSI

1995 deaths
Actresses from Kerala
Actresses in Malayalam cinema
Indian film actresses
Indian women playback singers
Year of birth missing
People from Alappuzha district
Malayalam playback singers
20th-century Indian singers
20th-century Indian actresses
Singers from Kerala
20th-century Indian women singers
Film musicians from Kerala
Women musicians from Kerala
Actresses in Malayalam television
Recipients of the Kerala Sangeetha Nataka Akademi Fellowship
Recipients of the Kerala Sangeetha Nataka Akademi Award


title: Masters M80 triple jump world record progression

text:
This is the progression of world record improvements of the triple jump M80 division of Masters athletics.

Key

References

Masters Athletics Triple Jump list

Masters athletics world record progressions
Triple


title: How Did This Get Made?

text:
How Did This Get Made? (HDTGM) is a podcast on the Earwolf network. It is hosted by Paul Scheer, June Diane Raphael and Jason Mantzoukas with occasional substitutes and/or guest hosts. Each episode features the deconstruction and mockery of outlandish and bad films.

Format
The hosts and guest make jokes about the films as well as attempt to unscramble plots. After discussing the film, Scheer reads "second opinions" in the form of five-star reviews posted online by Amazon.com users. The hosts also often make recommendations on if the film is worth watching. The show is released every two weeks.

During the show's off week a ".5" episode (also known as a "minisode") is uploaded. These episodes feature Scheer's "explanation hopeline" where he answers questions from fans who call in, the movie for the next week is announced, Scheer reads corrections and omissions from the message board regarding last week's episode, and he opens fan mail and provides his recommendations on books, movies, TV shows etc. that he is enjoying.

Some full episodes are recorded in front of a live audience and include a question and answer session and original "second opinion" theme songs sung by fans. Not all content from the live shows is included in the final released episode - about 30 minutes of each live show is edited out.

History
The podcast started in 2010 and by 2019 had released over 200 episodes. How Did This Get Made? began after Scheer and Raphael saw the movie Wall Street: Money Never Sleeps. Later, the pair talked to Mantzoukas about the movie and joked about the idea for starting a bad movie podcast. , Wall Street: Money Never Sleeps has never been covered on the podcast.

Awards
In 2019, How Did This Get Made? won a Webby Award in the category of Podcasts – Television & Film.

In 2020 and 2022, How Did This Get Made? won an iHeartRadio award in the category of Best TV & Film Podcast.

In 2022, How Did This Get Made? won an Ambie award in the category of Best Comedy Podcast.

Spinoffs

How Did This Get Made?: Origin Stories
Between February and September 2017, a 17-episode spin-off series of the podcast was released. Entitled How Did This Get Made?: Origin Stories, author Blake J. Harris would interview people involved with the movies discussed on the podcast. Guests on the show included director Mel Brooks, who served as executive producer on Solarbabies, and screenwriter Dan Gordon, who wrote Surf Ninjas.

Unspooled
In May 2018, Scheer began a new podcast with Amy Nicholson titled Unspooled that is also devoted to movies. Unlike HDTGM?, Unspooled looks at films deemed good enough for the updated 2007 edition of the AFI Top 100. This is often referenced in How Did This Get Made? by Mantzoukas and Raphael, who are comically annoyed at how they were not invited to host the podcast, instead being subjected to the bad films that HDTGM covers.

How Did This Get Played?
In June 2019, the Earwolf network launched the podcast How Did This Get Played?, hosted by Doughboys host Nick Wiger and former Saturday Night Live writer Heather Anne Campbell. The podcast was positioned as the video game equivalent of HDTGM?, where Wiger and Campbell review widely panned video games. The podcast was later changed to Get Played, focusing on multiple aspects of video games and deviating from the original format.

French adaptation
The program was adapted in France in 2014 under the title 2 heures de perdues ("2 hours wasted"), a podcast in which several friends meet to analyze bad films in the same style ― mainly focusing on American, French, and British films. The show then ends with a reading of comments found on AlloCiné, the biggest French-speaking cinema website, or from Amazon.

Danish adaptation
The program was adapted in Denmark in 2014 under the title Dårligdommerne ("The bad judges"), a podcast in which the hosts Jacob Hinchely, Troels Møller and Christopher “sideburns” Andersen meet to analyze bad films in the same style ― mainly focusing on Danish films.

Episodes

See also

 List of film and television podcasts
 The Disaster Artist

References

External links

 How Did This Get Made on Earwolf

Audio podcasts
Earwolf
Film and television podcasts
Comedy podcasts
2010 podcast debuts


title: Gabi (footballer, born 1981)

text:
Gabriel José Pinto Couto (born 20 March 1981), simply known as Gabi is a Portuguese retired footballer who played as a midfielder.

Football career
Born in Fiães, Santa Maria da Feira, Gabi began in the lower leagues with Fiães S.C. before moving to C.D. Feirense in the second tier. He spent most of his career at that level with seven clubs, making 241 appearances and scoring 25 goals.

In July 2014, Gabi moved abroad for the only time in his career, from newly promoted Primeira Liga side F.C. Penafiel to Nea Salamis Famagusta FC of the Cypriot First Division. Six months later he was back in his country's second division, with Académico de Viseu FC.

References

External links

1981 births
Living people
Footballers from Santa Maria da Feira
Men's association football midfielders
Portuguese men's footballers
Portuguese expatriate men's footballers
C.D. Feirense players
C.D. Santa Clara players
S.C. Covilhã players
F.C. Arouca players
F.C. Penafiel players
Nea Salamis Famagusta FC players
Segunda Divisão players
Liga Portugal 2 players
Cypriot First Division players
Expatriate men's footballers in Cyprus
Portuguese expatriate sportspeople in Cyprus
Académico de Viseu F.C. players
C.D. Estarreja players
U.D. Oliveirense players


title: Hard Believer

text:
Hard Believer is the sixth studio album by British band Fink. It was released globally by Ninja Tune's imprint R'COUP'D on 14 July 2014.

Promotion
"Looking Too Closely" was released as the lead single to promote the album on 8 July 2014. An official music video for the song, directed by Joffrey Jans and Kai Kurve (Wolf&Lamm Directors Duo), was released onto YouTube on 2 July 2014.

On 7 October 2014, a music video for the second single, "Shakespeare", premiered on YouTube. It was directed by Oliver Murray. An extended play containing remixes of the song will be released digitally on 13 October 2014.

Track listing

Personnel
Fink
Fin Greenall – lead and harmony vocals, acoustic guitars, keyboards
Guy Whittaker – electric and acoustic bass, BVs
Tim Thornton – drums, electric and acoustic guitars, BVs

Additional musicians
Ruben Hein – piano
Zac Rae – synths and effects
Mentrix - backing vocals

Chart performance

References

2014 albums
Fink (singer) albums
Ninja Tune albums


title: Nitiraj Singh

text:
Chaudhary Nitiraj Singh (13 February 1909–28 October 1988) was an Indian politician belonging to the Indian National Congress. He was elected to the Lower House of Parliament the Lok Sabha from Narmadapuram, Madhya Pradesh, India in 1967 and 1971. He was the Minister of state for Petroleum and Chemicals and Mines and Metals from June 1970 to May 1971 and was later the Minister of State for Law & Justice in the Indira Gandhi Government.

References

External links
Official biographical sketch in Parliament of India website

India MPs 1967–1970
India MPs 1971–1977
Indian National Congress politicians
Law Ministers of India
1909 births
1988 deaths
Indian National Congress politicians from Madhya Pradesh


title: Parinaquta (Carabaya)

text:
Parinaquta (Aymara parina flamingo, quta lake "flamingo lake", Hispanicized spelling Parinajota) is a lake in the Andes of Peru. It is situated in the Puno Region, Carabaya Province, Macusani District, north-east of Macusani. Parinaquta lies south of the lake Sayt'uquta (Aymara for "prolonged, lengthened or tapering lake", Hispanicized Saytojota) at the road between Ayapata and Macusani.

See also
List of lakes in Peru

References

Lakes of Peru
Lakes of Puno Region