title: Patrick O'Brien (Australian politician)

text:
Patrick O'Brien (1817 – 12 April 1887) was a wine and spirit merchant and politician in colonial Victoria, a member of the Victorian Legislative Council and later, the inaugural Victorian Legislative Assembly.

Early life
O'Brien was born in Shanna-golden, Limerick, Ireland.

Colonial Australia
O'Brien arrived in New South Wales in 1838 and Port Phillip District in 1840.
In August 1853 he was elected to the unicameral Victorian Legislative Council for Kilmore, Kyneton and Seymour, a seat he held until the original Council was abolished in March 1856. O'Brien was elected to the seat of South Bourke in the first Victorian Legislative Assembly in November 1856, a seat he held until August 1859 when he lost his bid to be re-elected.

O'Brien died in London, England, he married twice.

References

1817 births
1887 deaths
Members of the Victorian Legislative Assembly
Members of the Victorian Legislative Council
Irish emigrants to colonial Australia
19th-century Australian politicians


title: Tennessee State Route 454

text:
State Route 454 (SR 454) is a state highway in Sevier County, Tennessee. It serves as bypass of Sevierville and Pigeon Forge and a route to the Gatlinburg Arts and Crafts Community.

Route description

SR 454 begins on the border on the city of Gatlinburg and the town of Pittman Center at an intersection with US 321/SR 73. It goes north as Buckhorn Road through hilly terrain and is very curvy. At an intersection with Glades Road, SR 454 becomes Birds Creek Road and follows closely to Bird Creek. It then comes to an end at SR 416 northeast of Gatlinburg, northwest of Pittman Center and east of Pigeon Forge.

Junction list

See also

References

Transportation in Sevier County, Tennessee
454
Gatlinburg, Tennessee


title: Dallas Rangemaster Treble Booster

text:
The Dallas Rangemaster Treble Booster was an effects unit made for guitarists in the 1960s. Its function was two-fold: to increase the signal strength of the guitar going into the amplifier, and to increase tones at the high end of the spectrum (a treble booster).

The need for a treble booster arose in the mid-1960s, as British tube amplifiers such as the Vox AC30 or Marshall JTM45 tended to produce a slightly dark, muddy sound when overdriven, particularly when used with humbucking pickups. A pre-amplifier that also boosted treble proved a solution. Additionally, the vintage components in the Rangemaster circuitry could add characteristic distortion and overtones to color the guitar sound, much in the way of the more modern overdrive pedals.

History and description

The Rangemaster Treble Booster was first made in the 1960s by London company Dallas Musical Ltd., incorporated in 1959. It made guitars and amplifiers under different brand names, including Dallas, Shaftesbury, and Rangemaster. The Rangemaster's engineer is unknown.

The unit is simple and consists of a grey metal box with an on/off switch, a potentiometer for the booster setting, and in- and output jacks. It is made to stand on top of an amplifier rather than on the floor. Besides the potentiometer (usually 10k, sometimes 20k) and the on/off switch, the circuitry contains one germanium transistor, four capacitors, three resistors, and a battery. The transistor was a Mullard or unbranded OC44 or Mullard OC71.

By the 1980s, Treble Boosters had gone out of fashion.
The number of Rangemaster Treble Boosters that were built is unknown. Due to limited supply on the second hand market, they are collectible, despite the price being a fraction of what it used to be in the mid-2000s. In Premier Guitar, Kenny Rardin describes his quest for one of the effects, which started with puzzlement over how Eric Clapton and Ritchie Blackmore achieved their tone; he spent years looking for a Rangemaster.

Other notable users whose sound depended heavily on the Rangemaster include Rory Gallagher, Brian May, Tony Iommi, Marc Bolan and Billy Gibbons.

Rumours of Eric Clapton having used a Rangemaster during his stint with John Mayall's Blues Breakers have never been confirmed. Photos of the recording sessions of the "Blues Breakers With Eric Clapton" exist, but a Rangemaster Treble Booster is not visible in any of them. It is assumed the rumours started in the late 1990s when clones of the Rangemaster Treble Booster began to appear.

References

Effects units


title: Bunbury railway station

text:
Bunbury Terminal (also known as Bunbury Passenger Terminal) is a train and bus station for Transwa services. The terminal is located in East Bunbury, Western Australia.

It is the terminus station for the Australind train service to/from Perth along the South Western line. It was built as a replacement for the more centrally located station, being opened on 29 May 1985 by Minister for Transport Julian Grill.

Transwa coach services operate to Walpole, Augusta, Pemberton, Donnybrook, Collie, Boyup Brook and Bridgetown.

TransBunbury bus routes 826 and 827 connect Bunbury Terminal with the Bunbury city centre.

Platform

Bus routes
Transwa coach services

TransBunbury services

References

Bunbury, Western Australia
Transwa railway stations
Railway stations in Australia opened in 1985
Buildings and structures in Bunbury, Western Australia


title: Takarajimasha

text:
is a Japanese publishing company based in Chiyoda, Tokyo. It is known for publishing subculture-oriented fashion magazines aimed at teens, fashion magazines in general, as well as guide books.

History
The company was founded on September 22, 1971 as a consulting business of local government titled  and a successor of the former Takarajima Photo Chemicals Co., Ltd. that was founded in 1918. Established by some Waseda University former revolutionary students, in May 1974 it started to publish its first magazine, Takarajima, a Japanese subculture focused magazine, which was followed by Bessatsu Takarajima in March 1976. Kono Mystery ga Sugoi!, a guide book magazine, was first published in December 1989, while fashion magazine Cutie was first published in September 1989. On April 1, 1993, its name changed to Takarajimasha. Smart, Spring, and Sweet, all young-targeted fashion magazines, are published since October 1995, February 1996, and March 1999 respectively. Takarajimasha is also known for creating in 2005 the concept of "brand mook", a mook featuring a catalogue of new items of a brand and limited edition product of this brand.

Publications

Fashion
Targeted to teen girls
Cutie
Spring
Mini
Steady

Targeted to women in their 20s and 30s
Sweet
InRed

Targeted to women in their 40s
Glow

Targeted to men
Smart
Men's Roses

Other

Notes

References

External links

1971 establishments in Japan
Book publishing companies in Tokyo
Magazine publishing companies in Tokyo
Publishing companies established in 1971


title: Ronald King

text:
Ronald Russell King (19 August 1909 – 10 January 1988) was a New Zealand rugby union player.

King was born in 1909, and he received his education at Hokitika District High School. A lock, King represented West Coast at a provincial level, and was a member of the New Zealand national side, the All Blacks, from 1934 to 1938. He played 42 matches for the All Blacks including 13 internationals. He captained the side in the three tests against South Africa in 1937. Between 1957 and 1960 King was a New Zealand selector.

References

See also

1909 births
1988 deaths
Rugby union players from West Coast, New Zealand
New Zealand rugby union players
New Zealand international rugby union players
Rugby union locks
New Zealand hoteliers
West Coast rugby union players
People educated at Westland High School, Hokitika


title: Janq'u Q'awa (Melgar)

text:
Janq'u Q'awa (Aymara janq'u white, q'awa little river, ditch, crevice, fissure, gap in the earth, "white brook" or "white ravine", Hispanicized spelling  Ancoccahua) is a mountain in the Andes of Peru, about  high. It is situated in the Puno Region, Melgar Province, Orurillo District. Janq'u Q'awa lies southeast of the La Raya mountain range at the lake Janq'uquta, northwest of it.

References

Mountains of Peru
Mountains of Puno Region


title: Frederick Stevens (Australian politician)

text:
Frederick Perkins Stevens (1820 – 17 May 1888) was a merchant and politician in colonial Victoria, a member of the Victorian Legislative Council.

Early life
Stevens was born in Hobart Town, Van Diemen's Land (now Tasmania), the  son of Sylvester Stamford Stephen and Bridget, née Edwards.

Colonial Australia
Stevens arrived in the Port Phillip District around 1837. On 31 May 1853 Stevens was elected to the unicameral Victorian Legislative Council for Belfast and Warrnambool. Stevens held this position until resigning in May 1854.

Stevens died in Deniliquin, New South Wales on 17 May 1888, he  married twice.

References

1820 births
1888 deaths
Members of the Victorian Legislative Council
Politicians from Hobart
19th-century Australian politicians


title: Leopoldo Verona

text:
Leopoldo Verona (24 September 1931 – 14 July 2014) was an Argentine actor. His best known film roles were in I Need a Mother (1966), On the Beach by the Sea (1971) and La flor de la mafia (1974). He was born in Buenos Aires.

Verona died on 14 July 2014 in Buenos Aires, aged 82.

References

Other websites

1931 births
2014 deaths
Argentine male film actors
Argentine male stage actors
Argentine male television actors
Male actors from Buenos Aires


title: Choiromyces aboriginum

text:
Choiromyces aboriginum is a species of truffle-like fungi in genus Choiromyces, which is part of the Tuberaceae family. It is found in several regions in Australia, where it has been used as a food and as a source of water.

Distribution
This fungus is found in the dry areas of South Australia, Western Australia and the Northern Territory.

Uses
In Australia, it has been used as traditional native food and has also been used as a source of water. The fruiting bodies were eaten raw or cooked and Kalotas reported one experience, as follows: "They were cooked in hot sand and ashes for over an hour, and then eaten. They had a rather soft consistency (a texture akin to that of soft, camembert-like cheese) and a bland taste. Cooked specimens left for 24 hours and then reheated developed a flavour like that of baked cheese."

References

Pezizales


title: Soledar Salt Mine

text:
The Soledar Salt Mines (also called Artemsil Salt Mines after the State Enterprise Association Artemsil that operates the mines) are located in the city of Soledar in the Bakhmut Raion in Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine, which is controlled by Russia since the Battle of Soledar.

The scale of the mines is vast, with  of tunnels at a depth of , and many of the chambers are  in height. The largest resembles a hangar of about  length and  width and height, and has accommodated soccer matches and the inflation of a hot air balloon. There are accommodation areas in the chambers and even a church.

The temperature underground is constant at 14–15 °C, with 14.93 PSI air pressure and 60% humidity regardless of the time of the year, giving rise to claims of healing properties for lung conditions.

History
The mining of salt started in the town of Soledar in the 19th century.

Russian invasion of Ukraine

During the Battle of Soledar, on 10 January 2023, pro-Russian outlets, including Wagner Group leader Yevgeny Prigozhin, claimed the mines were largely occupied by Russian and Wagner Forces, although these reports were not independently verified. After the claimed Russian capture of the whole city, Denis Pushilin, head of the Russian occupation administration of Donetsk Oblast, said during a visit to Soledar in late January 2023 that the salt mines remained damaged and difficult to descend into.

Tourism

Soledar's long history of mining has created an "underground city" of tunnels that Deutsche Welle described as a "magnet for tourists". There are guided tours as deep as , with attractions including sculptures made of salt crystals.

In 2004 and 2006, a cave was repurposed to host classical music concerts by the Donetsk Symphony Orchestra underground. In September 2020, the same chamber was also used for a soccer (football) match.
 It was also host to the first-ever underground hot air balloon flight, as listed in the Guinness Book of Records.

Since the early 1990s, the chambers have also contained "speleosanatoriums": rooms made of salt that attempt to "recreate the allegedly restorative conditions of salt mines", where 100 patients with respiratory diseases are treated. This practice is part of the controversial halotherapy industry, in which it is believed that the inhalation of salt dust is a "miracle cure for respiratory illnesses".

Science
A particle physics detector, the , is located in the mine.

See also
  Wieliczka Salt Mine

References

Salt mines in Ukraine
Show mines
Soledar


title: Donetsk Symphony Orchestra

text:
The Symphony Orchestra of Donetsk Philharmonic Society is an orchestra based on Lenin Square in Donetsk, Ukraine.
Notable members include but are not limited to
 Roman Krasnovsky
 Goran Bregović

References

Culture in Donetsk
Symphony orchestras
Culture of Ukraine


title: Guy T. O. Hollyday

text:
Guy T. O. Hollyday  (1893–1991) was an American proponent of urban housing renewal.

Hollyday graduated from Boys' Latin School of Maryland in 1910 and Johns Hopkins University in 1914. Prior to World War I, he served as the assistant secretary of the Maryland League for National Defense, then served in the Maryland National Guard as a cavalry unit officer. He returned from war and married Louise Este Fisher in 1926.

Hollyday started with the Roland Park Company in 1926, leaving in 1932. In 1930, he became the president of the Real Estate Board of Baltimore, followed by the Mortgage Bankers Association of America.  During this time he also became chairman of the national title underwriters section of the American Title Association. He also worked as vice president of the Key Realty company from 1932-1935.

Hollyday started in the mortgage business with the Washington D.C. based Randall H. Hagner Co. from 1935-1944. In 1936, Hollyday brought in a young  future developer, James Rouse, who proposed a FHA mortgage department to back loans in high-risk markets. He would remain a partner in the interest that would become the nationwide mall and land development firm, the Rouse Company. In the last months before WWII, the Citizens Planning and Housing Association was formed by Frances Morton (Froelicher), a Sunday School student of Hollyday.

In 1944, Hollyday became the president of the Title Guarantee and Trust Co. He became the chair of the Baltimore Zoning Committee. He formed Fight Blight Inc. to provide FHA-backed loans to property owners who failed to meet the new codes he initiated under the zoning board. Hollyday became the vice president of American Council to Improve Our Neighborhoods (ACTION) in 1951 which marketed public-private housing initiatives as The Baltimore Plan. Despite limited success, the for-profit public-private initiative was taken up by the Eisenhower administration to reduce federal public housing costs.

Hollyday was appointed to the head of the Federal Housing Administration from 1953-1954 during the Eisenhower administration. After a year as FHA head, Hollyday was replaced by Albert M. Cole who charged that Hollyday had lost over $75 million in federal housing dollars to "fleecing" and "viciously sharp practices." Over 251 federal loans were given to construction companies far above the actual construction expense.

In 1958, former ACTION member James Rouse succeeded Hollyday as head of Guarantee Title. In 1960, the Title Guarantee and Trust Co. merged to become the Maryland Title Guarantee Co. Hollyday retired from the firm as Vice CEO. He would also recommend changes to Baltimore's housing code prior to the Baltimore riot of 1968.

Hollyday was a member of many housing industry and banking boards, including the Build America Better Committee of the National Association of Real Estate Boards, chairman of the association's homebuilders and subdividers division, Savings Bank of Baltimore, Loyola Federal Savings and Loan Association, the Hagner Co., the Guilford Realty Co. and James W. Rouse & Co. He was also president of the Fiscal Mortgage Co. and worked for the Roland Park Co., Industrial Bureau of the Board of Trade of Baltimore.  He was Vice president of Key Realty Co., to which the James Rouse development Village of Cross Keys was named.

Following his federal government work, friends funded a community center in Washington's Adams Morgan neighborhood and named it after Hollyday.

See also
Housing Act of 1954

References

External links

1991 deaths
1893 births
People from Baltimore County, Maryland
Eisenhower administration personnel


title: Maldives Inland Revenue Authority

text:
The Maldives Inland Revenue Authority (MIRA) is a fully autonomous body responsible for tax administration in the Maldives. MIRA collected 78.1% of the total revenue collected by the government of Maldives in 2018.  The main responsibilities of MIRA include execution of tax laws, implementation of tax policies and providing technical advice to the government in determining tax policies. The Tax Administration Act stipulates the other responsibilities of MIRA.

History

MIRA was established on August 2, 2010, as a separate and independent legal entity. Following the establishment of MIRA, a modern tax system was introduced to the Maldives via the Tourism Goods and Services Tax Act in January 2011 and the Business Profit Tax Act in July 2011. The Tourism Goods and Services Tax Act was replaced by the Goods and Services Tax Act in October 2011.

Laws & Regulations Administered

MIRA administers a number of laws and regulations. In addition to the administration of tax laws, MIRA also collects a number of fees and levies.

Income Tax Act

Income Tax is levied under the Income Tax Act (Law Number 25/2019). The act was published in the Government Gazette on 17 December 2019 and taxation under the act is set to commence on 1 January 2020. However, remuneration will come within the purview of income effective 1 April 2020. The Business Profit Tax regime imposed under the Business Profit Tax Act would be repealed with the commencement of Income Tax.

Tax residents of Maldives are taxed on their worldwide income, whereas non-residents are taxed on the income derived from Maldives. The Income Tax Act covers income received through conducting business, employment income, and banking.

Tourism Goods & Services Tax Act
The Tourism Goods and Services Tax (T-GST) Act came into effect on January 1, 2011. Under the Act, T-GST is charged on the value of goods and services supplied by tourist resorts, tourist hotels, guest houses, picnic islands and tourist vessels, and on certain other services supplied by places providing services to tourists in the Maldives. The tax rate under the Act was 3.5%. The T-GST Act was abolished following the commencement of the Goods and Services Tax Act.

Goods & Services Tax Act
In October 2011, the T-GST regime was repealed and replaced by the Goods and Services Tax (GST) Act. The GST Act came into effect on 2 October 2011, and expanded the tax to all sectors of the economy. The Act imposed a GST at the rate of 3.5% from 2 October 2011 to 31 December 2011 and 6% from 1 January 2012 to 31 December 2012. The GST rate on “tourism goods and services” increased to 8% on 1 January 2013 and to 12% on 1 November 2014.

Following the COVID-19 pandemic GST rates were revised upwards from 1st January 2023. The current rates are 16% for the tourism sector and 8% for the general sector.

Business Profit Tax Act
The Business Profit Tax (BPT) Act  came into effect on 18 July 2011. Under the Act, tax is imposed at the rate of 15% on profits exceeding MVR 500,000 (approx. USD 32,425) in a tax year. A lower rate of 5% is applicable to companies resident in the Maldives generating all of their income from outside the Maldives. Further, if any payment specified in Section 6 of the Act is made by a business to a non-resident, a withholding tax at the rate of 10% is imposed on the gross amount of such payment.

Green Tax
Green tax is a tax payable by tourists who stay in tourist resorts, tourist hotels and tourist vessels. It is also payable by tourists who stay in tourist guesthouses from 1 October 2016 onwards. Green tax is payable at the rate of 6 United States Dollars per day of stay from tourist resorts, tourist hotels and tourist vessels. A lower rate of 3 United States Dollars per day is charged for tourist guesthouses and hotels on local islands that have less than 50 rooms. Maldivians and resident permit holders are not required to pay Green Tax.

Bank Profit Tax Act
Banks operating in the Maldives are required to pay 25% of taxable profit as Bank Profit Tax. Banks are exempt from paying Business Profit Tax. The Business Profit Tax Act was repealed with the commencement of the Income Tax on 1 January 2020.

Airport Taxes and Fees Act
This Act prescribes all matters relating to the levying of Airport Service Charge as a tax and Airport Development Fee as a fee, on passengers departing from the Maldives from an airport in the Maldives. Airport Service Charge (ASC) is levied on passengers departing from the Maldives from an airport in the Maldives, at a rate of US$25 per foreign passenger and US$12 per Maldivian passenger. Persons with diplomatic immunity, transit passengers and children under the age of 2 are exempt from ASC. Airport Development Fee (ADF), in addition to ASC, will be levied on passengers departing from Velana International Airport on or after 1 May 2017, at a rate of US$25 per foreign passenger and US$12 per Maldivian passenger. Only passengers with diplomatic immunity are exempted from ADF.

Organization
The Commissioner General of Taxation and the Deputy Commissioner General of Taxation of the MIRA is appointed by the President with the approval of the People's Majlis.

Commissioner General of Taxation
The Commissioner General of Taxation shall carry out the functions of the Commissioner General of Taxation as prescribed in the Tax Administration Act and in any other tax law, and oversee the day-to-day administration of the MIRA. On 2 August 2019, Mr. Yazeed Mohamed was appointed as the first Commissioner General of Taxation. The current Commissioner General of Taxation is Mr. Fathuhulla Jameel, and was appointed on 31 October 2019.

Deputy Commissioner General of Taxation
The functions of the Deputy Commissioner General of Taxation shall include discharging the duties of the Commissioner General of Taxation in the event that the Commissioner General is unable to attend to the work of the MIRA, and carrying out any other work determined by the Commissioner General. Mr. Hassan Zareer was appointed as the first Deputy Commissioner General of Taxation on 2 August 2019. The current Deputy Commissioner General of Taxation, Ms. Asma Shafeeu, was appointed on 31 October 2019.

Governance structure
Members of the Board of Directors of MIRA consists of 7 members including a member appointed by the Ministry of Finance and Treasury, the Commissioner General of Taxation and five members appointed by the President with the approval of the People's Majlis. The chairperson of the Board is the member appointed by the Ministry of Finance and Treasury. The Board is responsible for determining the administrative policies of the MIRA.

Members currently serving on the Board are:
 Mr. Ahmed Saruvash Adam (Chairperson)
 Ms. Leena Mohamed Zahir Hussain (deputy chairperson)
 Mr. Fathuhulla Jameel (Commissioner General of Taxation)
 Ms. Aishath Asha Ali Hassan (Board Director)
 Mr. Makhzoom Saleem (Board Director)
 Mr. Mumthaz Abdul Rasheed (Board Director)
 Mr. Husham Waheed (Board Director)

Performance

In 2011, MIRA collected MVR 4.6 billion in revenue, which is 89% higher than the collection in 2010 (by the former Department of Inland Revenue and MIRA) – the newly introduced taxes explain the increase. In 2012, MIRA collected MVR 7.2 billion (approx. USD 466.9 million), which is an increase of 57% compared to 2011. In 2013, MIRA collected MVR 8.9 billion (approx. USD 580.1 million), which is an increase of 24% compared to 2012. In 2014 MIRA collected MVR 11.5 billion and in 2015 MIRA collected MVR 13.05 billion. In 2016, MIRA collected MVR 14.52 billion which represents an increment of 11.3% compared to the previous year. MIRA collected MVR 15.18 billion in 2017, which is an increment of 4.5% compared to the revenue collected in 2016. In 2018, MIRA collected MVR 16.36 billion which represents an increment of 7% compared to the previous year.

Table 1 –Total revenue collection from 2010 to 2018 (in MVR billion)

References

External links
 Official website:
 Ministry of Finance and Treasury

Government of the Maldives
Government ministries of the Maldives
Ministries established in 2010
2010 establishments in Asia


title: Stephen Desper

text:
Stephen W. Desper is an American audio engineer who is best known for his work with the Beach Boys and for inventing the Spatializer. The Spatializer is an effects unit which employs psychoacoustic techniques that emulate three-dimensional ambience via traditional stereophonic units, and can be heard in the Bonnie Raitt album Longing in Their Hearts (1994).

Desper was also the house engineer for the Monterey Pop Festival in June 1967.  Through the Beach Boys subsidiary American Productions, the band loaned their touring sound system to the festival.  He accompanied the equipment from the Beach Boys storage warehouse up the coast with band road manager Jon Parks and ended up mixing the house system for the entire three-day festival.

Engineering credits

The Beach Boys
 Smiley Smile (1967)
 Wild Honey (1967)
 Friends (1968)
 20/20 (1969)
 Live in London (1970)
 Sunflower (1970)
 Surf's Up (1971)
 15 Big Ones (1976) - "Susie Cincinnati" only
 The Beach Boys Love You (1977) - "Good Time" only
 Keepin' the Summer Alive (1980)

References

External links

Date of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American audio engineers
20th-century American inventors
Brian Wilson
Year of birth missing (living people)


title: Bhojpuri literature

text:
Bhojpuri literature (Kaithi: ; Devanagari: भोजपुरी साहित्य; IAST: Bhojpurī Sāhitya) includes literature written in Bhojpuri language. Bhojpuri has developed over a course of 1300 years, the development of the language started in 7th century. The earliest form of Bhojpuri can be seen in the writings of Siddha Saints and Charyapada. Distinct literary traditions in Bhojpuri language date back to medieval periods when saints and bhakts of the region adapted a mixed language for their works.

Lorikayan, or the story of Veer Lorik, is a famous Bhojpuri folklore of Eastern Uttar Pradesh. Bhikhari Thakur's Bidesiya is another famous book.

The first Bhojpuri novel Bindiã was written in 1956 by Ram Nath Pandey. It was published by Bhojpuri Sansad, Jagatganj, Varanasi.

Ancient (7th to 11th century)

The earliest mentions to Bhojpuri poets are found in Harshacharita by Bāṇabhaṭṭa, he has mentioned the names of Isanachandra and Benibharat, who were from Bhojpuri region and used to compose poems in vernacular instead of Sanskrit and Prakrit. Oldest form of Bhojpuri poetry can be seen in the Pran Sankali  of Nath Saint Chauranginath and in the poems of Charyapada. The ancient Bhojpuri literature was developed mostly by the saint communities in the region.

Siddha Literature

Some scholars, trace the literary history of Bhojpuri from Siddha Literature. Siddha saints were follower of Mahayana Buddhism, who composed some of early verses in Bhojpuri. Some notable Siddha poets who composed in Bhojpuri are Saharpada, Kukkuripa and Tilopa.

Nath Literature

This is written Between 8th to 11th century by the Nath saints. Some famous Nath saints who wrote in Bhojpuri are. Chauranginath, Machhendranatha, Gorakhnath.

Medieval Period (1325-1875)
In this period, Bhojpuri literature flourished through the Bhakti movements and folklores.

Bhakti Movement

This movement was started by Kabir, his primary language was Bhojpuri and he composed poem in this language. Apart from him, the other contributors to Bhojpuri literature in this period were Dharamdas, Dharni Das, Dariya Saheb, Lachhimi Sakhi etc. Apart from Nirgun, other saints also composed in Bhojpuri.

Folklores
In this period, several folklores became popular like Raja Gopichand, Senurmati, Alha, Kunwar Vijayi and Lorikayan.

Modern (1875-Present)
The modern period of the Bhojpuri literature is can be further divided in to three stages viz. Initial stage (1875-1920), Development Stage (1920-1947) and Flourishing stage (1947-present).

Initial Stage (1875-1920)

In 1880s, books started to be published in Bhojpuri. Sudhabund (1884), Badmash Darpan (1885), Virha Naika Bhed (1900) were some of the earliest books published in Bhojpuri. Some of the notable writes of this period are Bulaki Das and Bulla Saheb. Devakshara Charita, the first Drama in Bhojpuri, was written in 1884. In this period, in 1914, Achhut Kee Shikayat by Heera Dom, which is the first published work of Dalit literature. The first Journal in Bhojpuri, named Bagsar Samāchar issued in 1915 from Buxar, whose editor was Jayaprakash Narayan.

Development stage (1920-1947)

In this stage, Patriotic works were written in Bhojpuri. Batohiya, by Raghuveer Narayan and Firangiya by Manoranjan Prasad Sinha are one of the most noble patriotic works of this period. Apart from this, Bhikhari Thakur, who is called as the Shakespeare of Bhojpuri composed most of his works in this period. Rahul Sankrityayan wrote eight Bhojpuri plays in this period including Mehrarun ke Durdasa and Naiki Duniya.

Flourishing Stage (1947-present)
In 1948, first the short story collection, Jehal ke Sanadi was published. In 1956, Bindiya, the first novel in Bhojpuri, published. In 1960s, Shivpujan Sahay wrote his first Bhojpuri short story, title Kundan Singh Kesar Bai and Rameshwar Singh Kashyap wrote Machhari. The play Loha Singh written by Rameshwar Singh Kashyap became one of the most popular radio shows in 1970s.

Novels

Between 1961 and 1975: Nearly ten novels were published. Notable are
Tharuhat ke babua aur bahuriya (1965), Jeevan Saah (1964), Semar ke phool (1966), Rahanidaar beti (1966), Ego subah ego saanjh (1967), Sunnar kaka (1976). Most of these are social drama while the first one is called a regional novel which elaborates life of Tharu tribal people.

After 1975: More than 30 novels have been written. Some notable of these are - Phulsunghi (1977), Bhor musukaail (1978), Ghar-tola-gaon (1979), Jinigi ke raah (1982), Darad ke dahar (1983), Achhoot (1986), mahendar Misisr (1994), Imiritiya Kaki (1997), Amangal hari  (1998), Awa lavati chalin ja (2000), Adhe aadh (2000) etc. of which Phulsunghi by Pandey kapil is one of the best novels written in Bhojpuri. Amangal hari  (1998) was written by Viveki Rai, a critic himself. Surma Sagun Bichare Na is a notable novel written by Ramesh Chandra Jha.

Purvi Ke Dhah, written by Jauhar Safiavadi, is the first Bhojpuri novel to be published by National Book Trust. It was launched by prominent Hindi critic Namvar Singh at Chhapra.

Stories
After Jehal ke Sanadi, Vindhyachal Prasad Gupt wrote Kehu Se Kahab Mat (Transl.: Don't tell anyone) in the same year. This was a patriotic story. Some other notable stories written in this period are navratan (by Narmadedeshwat Sahay), hōṛ (by Vrindavan Bihari). Machhari written by Rameshwar Singh Kashyap deals with Female Sexuality.

Notable works

Here is list of some literary works in Bhojpuri Language:

Plays

 Beti Bechwa
 Bidesiya
 Devakshara Charita
 Gabarghichor
 Loha Singh
 Mehrarun ke Durdasa

Poems

 Batohiya
 Achhut Kee Shiqayat

Books

 Badmash Darpan (Collection of Ghazals)
 Jehal ke Sanadi
 Veer Lorik (Folklore)

Prominent figures

 Gorakhnath is the one of the earliest poets of Bhojpuri.
 Kabir Das has written many Bhojpuri poems like Kauno Thagwa Nagaria Lootal Ho, Tohaar heera herail ba kichade me, and Ka leke aibu sasur ghare jaibu.
 Bhikhari Thakur is known as Shakespeare of Bhojpuri. He has written many Plays like Bidesiya, Gabarghichor, Beti Bechwa, Kaljug Prem, Bhai birodh etc.
 Heera Dom is credit as the creator of first printed work on Dalit Literature, which was the poem Achhut kee Shikayat printed in 'Saraswati' in 1914.
 Guru Govind Singh has written many works in Bhojpuri.
 Rahul Sankrityayan is also a notable person in Bhojpuri Literature.
 Acharya Shivpujan Sahay Hindi novelist known for Bhojpuri short story Kundan Singh-Kesar Bai.
 Manoj Bhawuk has written many books and been honoured with the Bhartiya Bhasha Parishad Award in 2006 for his Ghazal collection Tasveer zindagi ke. He has also written a history of Bhojpuri cinema.

References

Bibliography

External links
 Fictions: Literary Realism and the Crisis of Caste

Indian literature by language
Nepalese literature by language


title: Rogelio Polesello

text:
Rogelio Polesello (26 July 1939 – 6 July 2014) was an Argentine painter, muralist and sculptor. He was best known for making Op art (or optical art) known in Latin America. He won two Konex Awards; one in 1982 and another in 2012. He was born in Buenos Aires.

Rogelio Polesello studied at the Escuela Nacional de Bellas Artes Manuel Belgrano and the Escuela Nacional de Bellas Artes Prilidiano Pueyrredón, both in Buenos Aires. In 1959, he joined the Asociación Arte Nuevo, founded by Aldo Pellegrini and Carmelo Arden Quin. The paintings he included in his first solo exhibition at the Galería Peuser (Buenos Aires, 1959) followed the aesthetics of Op Art and were based on Gestalt theories. Their geometric forms, generally in black and white, added to or subtracted from the whole according to perceptive principles that produced specific optical effects.

Polesello died from a heart attack on 6 July 2014 in Buenos Aires. He was 75.

Solo exhibitions

 Galería Peuser, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 1959
 Galería Pizarro, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 1960
 Galería Lirolay, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 1961
 Galería Rubbers, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 1962
 Galería Bonino, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 1966
 Museo de Bellas Artes, Caracas, Venezuela, 1966
 Pinturas laicas, Galería del Techo, Caracas, Venezuela, 1966
 Centro de Artes Visuales del Instituto Torcuato Di Tella, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 1969
 Museo de Arte Moderno, México D.F., Mexico, 1974
 Progresiones, Salas Nacionales de Cultura, Palais de Glace, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 1995
 Galería Ruth Benzacar, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 1997
 Muestra antológica, Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 2000
 Imanes, Sala Cronopios, Centro Cultural Recoleta, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 2005

Group exhibitions
 Premio De Ridder a la joven pintura, galeria Pizarro, Buenos Aires, 1959
 Grupo Boa, Galería Van Riel, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 1962
 Salón Esso de Artistas Plásticos de América Latina, Panamerican Union, Washington, United States, 1965
 The Emergent Decade: Latin American Painters and Painting in the 60s, Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, New York, United States , 1966
 Premio George Braque, Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 1968
 Grupo Boa, Sociedad Hebraica Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 1969
 Pintura argentina actual. Dos tendencias: geometría-surrealismo, Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 1976
 Siglo XX argentino: arte y cultura, Centro Cultural Recoleta, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 1999

Collections

 Albright-Knox Art Gallery, Buffalo, New York, United States
 Blanton Museum, Austin, Texas, United States
 La Tertulia Art Museum, Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia
 Lowe Art Museum, University of Miami, Florida, United States
 Cisneros Fontanals Art Foundation, Miami, Florida, United States
 Miguel Urrutia Art Museum, Bogotá, Colombia
 Museo de Arte Contemporáneo, Caracas, Venezuela
 Museo de Arte Latinoamericano de Buenos Aires, Argentina
 Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, Buenos Aires, Argentina
 Museo Rufino Tamayo, México D.F., Mexico
 Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, New York, United States
 The Bronx Museum of Arts, New York, United States

Suggested bibliography

 Bayón, Damián. "Constructor con materiales nuevos: Polesello". In Rogelio Polesello. Buenos Aires: Galería Carmen Waugh, 1974
 Glusberg, Jorge. "La geometría sensible de Rogelio Polesello". In Rogelio Polesello. Buenos Aires: Ruth Benzacar Galería de Arte, 1990
 Glusberg, Jorge. Rogelio Polesello: Epi e hipergeometría. Buenos Aires: Ediciones de Arte Gaglianone, 1984
 López Anaya, Jorge. "Rogelio Polesello: The neo baroque as metaphor of our era". In Rogelio Polesello: Recent works. Panamá: Museum Galería de Arte, 1992
 Masotta, Oscar. "Rogelio Polesello y el mito de las profanaciones". In Rogelio Polesello. Buenos Aires. Galería Bonino, 1966
 Noé, Luis Felipe. "Polesello encuentra a Polesello". In Rogelio Polesello. Buenos Aires: Galería Lirolay, 1962
 Pau-Llosa, Ricardo. Un acercamiento a Rogelio Polesello. Buenos Aires: Ediciones de Arte Gaglianone, 1984
 Progresiones. Buenos Aires: Palais de Glace, 1995
 Rogelio Polesello en el Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes. Buenos Aires: Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, 2000
 Uribe, Basilio. "Rogelio Polesello, o las proposiciones del ojo". In Rogelio Polesello. México D.F.: Museo de Arte Moderno, 1974

References

External links

1939 births
2014 deaths
Argentine muralists
Argentine painters
Argentine male painters
Argentine sculptors
Male sculptors
Artists from Buenos Aires
Argentine contemporary artists


title: Urine urea nitrogen

text:
Urine urea nitrogen (UUN) refers to a test that measures the urine urea to assess nitrogen balance.

Chemical structure

Urea nitrogen is the end product of breakdown of proteins in the body. In individuals with normal kidney and liver functions, urea is excreted via urine.

Indication for testing
By testing for UUN, clinicians can assess one's nitrogen balance. Calculating nitrogen balance is a useful tool in assessing adequacy of protein provision in clinical setting in:
 Patients with questionable protein intake.
 Patients with confirmed or suspected protein digestion and absorption problems.
 Patients with increased metabolic demand due to catabolic disease status.
 Patients on long-term enteral nutrition or parenteral nutrition.

Calculation of nitrogen balance
UUN is determined from 24-hour urine collection. Along with UUN, values for BUN, protein content of diet, enteral or parenteral nutrition, and notable outputs other than urine (gastric residual, fistula output, drainages) are needed to calculate nitrogen balance.  Nitrogen Balance = Protein intake/6.25- (UN + 4*)  * For average loss via sweat and feces.

Interpretations
 Nitrogen balance value of 0 indicates maintenance.
 If nitrogen balance is negative, nutrition intervention should address increased protein provision until equilibrium achieved.

When test is not appropriate
As UUN test is based on 24-hour urine, in individuals with kidney disease with less than 1000 ml urine out/day or on dialysis, this test cannot be applied.

See also
 Blood urea nitrogen

References
 Gerber GS, Brendler CB. Evaluation of the urologic patient: history, physical examination, and urinalysis. In: Wein AJ, Kavoussi LR, Novick AC, et al., eds. Campbell-Walsh Urology. 10th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Elsevier Saunders; 2011:chap 3.
 McPherson RA, Ben-Ezra J. Basic examination of urine. In: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, eds. Henry’s Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods. 22nd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Elsevier Saunders; 2011:chap 28.
 William M Rand, Peter L Pellett, and Vernon R Young. Meta-analysis of nitrogen balance studies for estimating protein requirements in healthy adults. Am J Clin Nutr. 2003; 77(1): 109-127
 Hoffer L John. Protein and energy provision in critical illness. Am J Clin Nutr. 2003; 78: 906-911
 Frank N. Konstantinides. Nitrogen Balance Studies in Clinical Nutrition. Nutr Clin Pract. 1992; 7: 231-238

Urine tests


title: France national football team results (1980–1999)

text:
This is a list of the France national football team results from 1980 to 1999.

1980s

1980

1981

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990s

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

External links
 FFF Match Archive

1980s in France
1990s in France
1900s


title: Chansons (Élie Semoun album)

text:
Chansons is a 2003 album by Élie Semoun.

Track list
 Mademoiselle A
 Vous
 La minute de silence
 La chanson idéale
 Carte postale
 Abécédaire
 Le secret
 Emma
 C'était bien
 Le bonheur
 Imbécile heureux
 Les pommes de terre à la bechamelle

References

2003 albums


title: Henry Globe

text:
Sir Henry Brian Globe (born 18 June 1949), styled The Hon Mr Justice Globe, is a British judge and barrister. Since 2011, he has been a judge of the Queen's Bench in the High Court. From 2003 to 2011, he served as the Recorder of Liverpool.

Early life and education
Henry Brian Globe was born on 18 June 1949 to Theodore Montague Globe and Irene Rita Globe.

He was educated at Liverpool College, then a private school in Liverpool, England. He studied law at the University of Birmingham and graduated with a Bachelor of Laws (LLB) degree.

Legal career
On 20 July 1972, Globe was called to the Bar by the Middle Temple. He took silk in 1994 to become a Queen's Counsel. He was involved in legal practice in Liverpool for nearly 40 years.

Judiciary
In 2003, Globe was appointed a Senior Circuit Judge and the Recorder of Liverpool. On 3 October 2011, he was appointed a Judge of the High Court of Justice and assigned to the Queen's Bench Division. From 2013 to 2016, he was the Presiding Judge of the North East Circuit. Globe retired from the bench on 4 November 2017.

Personal life
In 1972, Globe married Estelle Levin. Together, they have two daughters.

Honours
In July 2013, Globe was appointed an honorary fellow of Liverpool John Moores University "for his outstanding contribution to the legal profession over the last 40 years, much of which has been spent in legal practice in and around Liverpool". In July 2015, he was awarded an honorary Doctor of Laws (LLD) degree by the University of Liverpool.

See also
 List of High Court judges of England and Wales

References

1949 births
Living people
People educated at Liverpool College
Alumni of the University of Birmingham
21st-century English judges
Queen's Bench Division judges
Knights Bachelor
English barristers
Lawyers from Liverpool


title: Amplectobeluidae

text:
Amplectobeluidae is a clade of Cambrian radiodonts.

Definition

In 2014, Amplectobeluidae was defined as the most inclusive clade including Amplectobelua symbrachiata but not Anomalocaris canadensis, Tamisiocaris borealis, or Hurdia victoria.

Description
Amplectobeluids could be recognized by frontal appendages with well-developed first distal endite, which forming a pincer-like structure that presumably better suited for a grasping function. Complete body fossils of amplectobeluids are only known by Amplectobelua and Lyrarapax, both showing combination of characters resembling Anomalocaris (i.e. streamlined body; small head with ovoid sclerites; well-developed swimming flaps; a pair of caudal furcae). Another distinctive features only known in amplectobeluid genera were pairs of gnathobase-like structures (known by Amplectobelua and Ramskoeldia), or an oral cone with combination of tetraradial arrangement and scale-like nodes (known by Lyrarapax and "Anomalocaris" kunmingensis).

Classification

Early in 2014, "Anomalocaris" kunmingensis was tentatively assigned to Amplectobelua by Vinther et al. Later that year, however, the discoverers of Lyrarapax unguispinus ignored that assessment and created a genus within Amplectobelua sensu Vinther et al. Indeterminate frontal appendages assignable to this group are known from the Parker Formation of Vermont.

Phylogeny

An a posteriori-weighted phylogenetic analysis in 2014 found the following relationships within the Amplectobeluidae:

References

Anomalocaridids
Prehistoric arthropod families


Shaikh Burhanuddin Post Graduate College is prominent and old university college in old Dhaka.
Neda-e-Islam established Shaikh Burhanuddin Post Graduate College in 1965 at 50,Narinda,
Dhaka after the demise (9 May 1964) of the Great Reformer Imaamut Tareeqat Allama Shaykh
Sayyid Muhammad Burhanuddin Uwaysi (Rad.) to commemorate his holy name. From the year 1949 Imaamut Tareeqat (Rad.)
established and run successfully twenty Institutions in his lifetime, and Shaikh Burhanuddin College
is the 21st institution of Neda-e-Islam. Later, it was shifted to 60,Nazimuddin Road,
Dhaka (Old Radio Broadcasting Center) on 8 February 1968. To implement Article 3(C) of the Memorandum
of Neda-e-Islam to precipitate the needed Islamic Spiritual Reformed Environment in General and Modern Education,
it is absolutely free from student politics as the founder organization Neda-e-Islam is absolutely non-political.

Department of Science

 Computer Science & Engineering
 Environmental Science
 Psychology

Department of Arts
 Anthropology
 English
 Bangla
 Economics
 Social work
 Political Science

HSC
 Business Studies
 Science Discipline
 Arts Discipline

See also
 Dhaka College

References

External links
 http://www.sbpgc.edu.bd

Universities and colleges in Dhaka
1965 establishments in East Pakistan
Educational institutions established in 1965
Colleges in Dhaka District
Colleges affiliated to National University, Bangladesh


title: Royal Crypt

text:
Royal Crypt may refer to:

 Royal Crypt (Belgium), burial place of Belgian monarchs
 Royal Crypt of Superga, burial place of Italian monarchs

See also
 Burial sites of European monarchs and consorts


title: Pramod Pappan

text:
Pramod Pappan are Indian screenwriter and film director duo. They started film direction with Vajram (2004), in which Mammootty played the lead role. They directed films such as Thaskaraveeran (2005), Abraham & Lincoln (2007), Mussafir (2013), Black Stallion (2009) and Bangkok Summer (2011).

Career
Pramod and Pappan are brothers. Both of them started as entrepreneurs with the brandname "Lensman". Pramod, who was a photographer, was a friend of writer and director, A. K. Lohithadas. This friendship lead to Pramod's debut as still photographer in the film Joker (2000 film). Pramod Pappan as a duo directed a few albums. Later, Pramod Pappan made their directional debut with the Malayalam film, Vajram (2004 film).
Pramod Pappan's second directional venture was Thaskaraveeran (2005 film) starring Mammootty and Nayanthara.
The duo later directed a few more films, Mussafir (2013 film) being the last. The duo came back as executive producers in upcoming movie Velleppam. They are also running a celebrity event management named "Pramod Pappan Star Marshall".

Filmography

As director

References

External links

Malayalam film directors
Malayalam screenwriters
Indian filmmaking duos
21st-century Indian film directors


title: Shambhala (film)

text:
Shambhala () is a 2012 Thai Drama Romance film directed by Panjapong Kongkanoy. It's the story of estranged brothers and complete opposites, who are thrown together on a spiritual pilgrimage to Tibet. It was released on August 23, 2012. The film stars Sunny Suwanmethanon as Wut and Ananda Everingham as his older brother Tin. The filming of this film was done in Tibet.

Plot
The movie follows brothers Wut (Sunny Suwanmethanon) and Tin (Ananda Everingham) as they set off for Tibet in search of Shambhala, a mythical kingdom in Buddhist tradition, to fulfill the wish of Wut's dying girlfriend, Nam (Nalintip Permpattarasakul). The brothers have a love-hate relationship, but as Wut wants to return to Nam with photographic proof of the trip he begrudgingly accepts Tin's company. As the journey gets more and more intense, the tension grows between the two, especially when a secret involving Tin's ex-girlfriend Jane (Ase Wang) is revealed.

Cast
 Sunny Suwanmethanon as Wut
 Ananda Everingham as Tin
 Nalintip Permpattarasakul as Nam
 Ase Wang as Jane

Awards and nominations

References

External links

 Shambhala Movie at sanook!
 Shambhala Movie at K@POOK!
 Shambhala Movie at MThai

2012 films
Thai-language films
Thai romantic drama films
Sahamongkol Film International films
2012 romantic drama films
Films shot in Tibet
Films shot in China


title: Sunseeker Duo

text:
The Sunseeker Duo is a twin seat all-electric solar-recharged powered aircraft. Designed by Eric Scott Raymond, the plane can take off and achieve enough height for the motor to be switched off and follow thermals like a glider (sailplane), allowing the batteries to be recharged through the solar cells on the wings. Still in testing phase, the company, Solar Flight, does not provide information on the range.

Development
The Sunseeker Duo is a high aspect ratio side-by-side seat composite construction high-wing aircraft with a T-tail arrangement with a single electric motor mounted in the tailfin (vertical stabilizer) driving a forward mounted propeller. The first all-solar power generated flight was performed near Milan, Italy with company owners Eric Scott Raymond and Irena Raymond. 1510 solar cells capable of generating up to 5 kilowatts power the motor and battery pack.

Specifications (Sunseeker Duo)

See also

References

External links
Company website

Electric aircraft
High-wing aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 2013
T-tail aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Solar-powered aircraft


title: Offline (album)

text:
Offline is the fifth studio album by the German rock band Guano Apes. It was released on 30 May 2014 by Epic Records/Sony Music labels.

Background
Recording sessions took place at Toolhouse Studios in Rotenburg an der Fulda, at Tonstudio 45 near Koblenz, at FuzzFactory Tonstudio in Berlin-Kreuzberg, at Transporterraum and at Popchop Studios in Berlin, at Katzbach Studio and at Z-Muzic. Production was primarily handled by Kurt Ebelhäuser and Philipp Hoppen. The album peaked at #8 in Germany, at #26 in Austria and at #31 in Switzerland. Its lead single "Close to the Sun" made it to #86 on the German charts.

Musically, the album is a continuation of its predecessor Bel Air, featuring a more polished, pop-influenced sound compared to the funk-influenced nu metal of the band's first three albums. German dubstep artist Sola Plexus worked with the band on the song "Jiggle" and remixed "Cried All Out" for the German "exklusiv edition" of the album.

Track listing

Personnel

Sandra Nasić – lyrics, vocals, vocal producer (tracks: 1-8, 10), producer
Henning Rümenapp – guitar, producer
Stefan Ude – bass, producer
Dennis Poschwatta – drums, producer
Daniel James Traynor – lyrics (track 2)
Jo Perry – lyrics (track 2)
Lindy Robbins – lyrics (track 2)
Robin Grubert – lyrics & producer (track 6)
Jerome Vazhayil – lyrics (track 9)
Sola Plexus – vocal producer (track 9)
Philipp "Philsen" Hoppen – producer & engineering (tracks: 1, 2, 6, 7)
Kurt Ebelhäuser – producer & engineering (tracks: 3-5, 8-10)
Kristian Nord – producer (track 6)
Simon Jäger – co-producer (tracks: 3, 5, 8-10), engineering (tracks: 3-5, 8-10)
Mirco 'Godi' Hildmann – co-producer (tracks: 4, 8, 9)
Michael Tibes – engineering (tracks: 1, 2, 6, 7)
Robert Stephenson – assistant engineering (tracks: 1, 2, 6, 7)
Robin Schmidt – mastering
Darcy Proper – mastering (track 2)
Super An Der Spree – creative direction, artwork
Julia Schliewe – additional artwork
Jill Greenberg – cover
Harry Weber – photography

Charts

References

External links

2014 albums
Guano Apes albums


title: Queen Celestine

text:
Queen Celestine (born 18 March 1992) is a Nigerian model and chef who was crowned the Most Beautiful Girl in Nigeria Universe 2014 and represented Nigeria at the Miss Universe 2014 pageant.

Early life
Queen is a student at Madonna University and former ambassador of Edo in Nigeria.

Pageantry

Miss Nigeria 2013
Queen participated in the Miss Nigeria 2013 pageant and was the First runner-up.

Most Beautiful Girl in Nigeria (MGBN) 2014
Queen won Miss Amity and was crowned as the MGBN Universe (Most Beautiful Girl in Nigeria) 2014 on July 19, 2014. At same event she was crowned together with the first winner who was crowned as MGBN World 2014, Iheoma Nnadi.

Miss Universe 2014
Queen competed at the Miss Universe 2014 pageant and won as Miss Congeniality.

References

External links
MBGN website

1992 births
Living people
Nigerian beauty pageant winners
Miss Universe 2014 contestants
Most Beautiful Girl in Nigeria winners
Madonna University, Nigeria alumni


title: Haines House

text:
Haines House may refer to:

Places and structures

United States
(by state, then city)

 Alfred Haines House, San Diego, California, listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) in San Diego County, California
 Elizabeth Haines House, Sebring, Florida, NRHP-listed
 John Haines House, Boise, Idaho, listed on the NRHP in Ada County, Idaho
 Haines House Museum, Waukegan, Illinois, a museum in Illinois
 Benjamin Haines House, Montgomery, New York, NRHP-listed, also called Haines Farmstead
 Jonathan Haines House, Medford, New Jersey, listed on the NRHP in Burlington County, New Jersey
Haines House (Alliance, Ohio), NRHP-listed, an 'underground railroad' station
 Frank Haines House, Sabina, Ohio, listed on the NRHP in Clinton County, Ohio
 Hanson Haines House, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, NRHP-listed
 Wyck House, also called Haines House, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, NRHP-listed

See also
 Haynes House (disambiguation)
 Haines House Haulage v Gamble


title: Delta/Greely School District

text:
Delta/Greely School District is a school district in Delta Junction, Alaska. The superintendent is Shaun Streyle.
It operates the following schools:

Delta Elementary School
Delta High School
Fort Greely School
New Horizons High School
Delta/Greely Homeschool
Gerstle River School

References

External links

Education in Unorganized Borough, Alaska
School districts in Alaska
Southeast Fairbanks Census Area, Alaska


title: Ainsworth House

text:
Ainsworth House may refer to:

 Lewis Ainsworth House, Orange, California, listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) in Orange County
 William W. and Elizabeth J. Ainsworth House, Des Moines, Iowa, NRHP-listed in Polk County
 Ainsworth House (Thompson Falls, Montana), NRHP-listed in Sanders County
 Capt. John C. Ainsworth House, Oregon City, Oregon, NRHP-listed in Clackamas County
 Maud and Belle Ainsworth House, Portland, Oregon, NRHP-listed
 Oliver N. Ainsworth House, Spearfish, South Dakota, NRHP-listed in Lawrence County
 Ainsworth House (Big Trails, Wyoming), NRHP-listed in Washakie County

See also
 Boatman-Ainsworth House, Lakewood, Washington, a NRHP-listed in Pierce County


title: AIDS Bhedbhav Virodhi Andolan

text:
AIDS Bhedbhav Virodhi Andolan (ABVA; English: AIDS Anti-Discrimination Movement) was the first HIV/AIDS activist movement in India founded in 1988 in New Delhi. The group received popular recognition with the publication of its pioneering report "Less than Gay" in 1991. Through this report, ABVA advocated for civil rights of LGBTQ people to include same sex marriage, LGBT parenting, and the decriminalization of homosexuality through the repeal of Section 377 of the Indian Penal Code. In 1994, ABVA filed the first petition challenging the constitutionality of Section 377 in the Delhi High Court, in order to challenge prison authorities' ban on condom distribution.

Brief Background
ABVA got involved in AIDS activism in 1989 on hearing from women in the red-light area that doctors from the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) and the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) had forcibly tested them for HIV, with the help of the police. ABVA protested this action, asking that good quality condoms, humane treatment and rehabilitation schemes for HIV positive people be made a prerequisite for any government screening for HIV. In addition, it began running a free dispensary for sex workers in Delhi's GB Road District.

Between February 1990 and August 1991, the ABVA organised several demonstrations in New Delhi to protest against the prevailing discriminatory attitude of authorities against HIV/AIDS victims.

The 1994, ABVA petition was filed in the Delhi high court in response to the then IG (Prisons) Kiran Bedi blocking access to condoms at Tihar Jail, India's largest prison. Reacting to claims that two-thirds of all inmates at Tihar had engaged in homosexual behaviour, Bedi said consensual homosexual behaviour was virtually unknown at Tihar and that usage of condoms would promote homosexuality.

Less Than Gay
In late 1991, ABVA came out with a report titled "Less Than Gay: A Citizens' Report on the Status of Homosexuality in India" which was the first document to publicly demand queer rights in India including same-sex marriage.

The report was an interesting breakthrough and is regarded with respect as it provided the first resource on homosexuality in India.

In 2022, ABVA released the 2nd edition of the report, detailing their struggle since 1988-89 for the full repeal of Section 377.

Activities
ABVA's activities included:
 Public advocacy; one success included stalling the AIDS Prevention Bill in 1989 through numerous petitions to Indian parliament.
 Organizing public meetings, protest actions and public demonstrations as part of AIDS activism in India.
 Networking with AIDS activists and activist organizations in India and abroad.
 Grass-root work in Delhi slums and with gay people, with other NGO's involvement.
 Research and publication of citizen reports.
 Campaigning for the decriminalization of sodomy in India through efforts to repeal all discriminatory legislation.

References

HIV/AIDS activism
LGBT culture in India


title: Andhra Pradesh Grameena Vikas Bank

text:
Andhra Pradesh Grameena Vikas Bank is an Indian Regional Rural Bank headquartered in Warangal, India. It was established in 2006 as a Regional Rural Bank as per Regional Rural Banks Act of 1976. By amalgamation, on 31 March 2006, of the following 5 banks, sponsored by SBI, to participate more energetically, with synergy, in the upliftment and development of Rural Farm Sector and Rural Non-Farm Sector, with emphasis on the deprived, the Rural Poor, Rural ISB and Rural Crafts. It is under the ownership of Ministry of Finance , Government of India.

Amalgamated Five Regional Rural Banks

 Sri Visakha Grameena Bank (Established on 30-09-1976)
 Nagarjuna Grameena Bank (Established on 30-04-1976)
 Sangameswara Grameena Bank (Established on 31-03-1982)
 Manjira Grameena Bank (Established on 31-03-1982)
 Kakathiya Grameena Bank (Established on 28-06-1982)

Districts Covered

IN TELANGANA STATE
 Bhadradri Kothagudem
 Bhongir
 Bhupalapalli(Jaishanker)
 Gadwal Jogulamaba
 Jangaon
 Khammam
 Mahabubabad
 Mahabubnagar
 Medak
 Nagarkurnool
 Nalgonda
 Rangareddy
 Sangareddy
 Siddipet
 Suryapet
 Vikarabad
 Wanaparthy
 Warangal Rural
 Warangal Urban
 Yadadri Bhuvanagiri

IN ANDHRA PRADESH STATE
 Alluri Sitharama Raju
 Anakapalle
 Parvathipuram Manyam
 Srikakulam
 Visakhapatnam
 Vizianagaram

Ownership

Government of India :50%
Government of Andhra Pradesh :15%
State Bank of India :35%

Andhra Pradesh Grameena Vikas Bank has its branches in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana

See also

 Banking in India
 List of banks in India
 Reserve Bank of India
 Regional Rural Bank
 Indian Financial System Code
 List of largest banks
 List of companies of India
 Make in India

References
 http://www.apgvbank.in/

Banks established in 2006
Regional rural banks of India
Companies based in Andhra Pradesh
Economy of Telangana
2006 establishments in Andhra Pradesh


title: María José Mardomingo

text:
María José Mardomingo Landaburu (born 27 January 1969 in Madrid) is a retired Spanish athlete who specialised in the 100 metres hurdles. She represented her country at the 1996 Summer Olympics, reaching the semifinals, as well as four outdoor and three indoor World Championships.

She has personal bests of 12.89 seconds in the 100 metres hurdles (Atlanta 1996) and 8.08 seconds in the 60 metres hurdles (Madrid 1996).

Competition record

References

1969 births
Living people
Spanish female hurdlers
Athletes (track and field) at the 1992 Summer Olympics
Athletes (track and field) at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Olympic athletes for Spain
Athletes from Madrid
Mediterranean Games bronze medalists for Spain
Mediterranean Games medalists in athletics
Athletes (track and field) at the 1991 Mediterranean Games
Athletes (track and field) at the 1993 Mediterranean Games


title: City of Workers

text:
City of Workers (German: Arbeiterstadt), also translated as Working-Class City, is an 1920 oil painting on canvas completed by the Berlin Secessionist painter Hans Baluschek. The 48.44 × 36.25 in (123 × 92.1 cm) work is held at the Milwaukee Art Museum.

Description
This oil painting on canvas measures 48 7/16 × 36 1/4 in. (123 × 92 cm). It depicts a "dark and dirty" working class sector of the German capital, Berlin, in which industrial smoke dominates the skyline and the few lights of windows are drowned in the gloom. The workers' homes are concentrated in the background, while the foreground is dominated by train tracks and the white (back) light of a railway signal. In the lower left corner, standing on a train car, is a dark and mysterious figure – shown in such little detail to almost be a silhouette – wearing a coat and a hat, its back to the viewer. The figure appears to be looking over the city, with its oppressive tight spaces.

Completion and analysis
Hans Baluschek (1870–1935), the son of a railway engineer who had been active in the arts since, completed City of Workers in 1920, two years after Germany's defeat in World War I. A member of the Berlin Secession, Baluschek used an emotional technique similar to the German Expressionists in his work, but remained influenced by Realist subject matter. The city-scape, with its contradictory beauty and despair, was a common subject of his.

Catherine Sawinski, assistant curator of European art at the Milwaukee Art Museum, describes City of Workers as "a powerful critique of what political and social issues can do to ordinary citizens", one which depicts Berlin as "a menacing and dehumanizing force". Baluschek was a proponent for workers rights and a member of the Social Democratic Party.

Provenance
City of Workers was once owned by Prince Wilhelm Victor of Prussia. Later owners included Schim van der Loeff of Rotterdam and, in 1939, P. Adolf of The Hague. In 2006 the painting – expected to bring 15,000 to 20,000 euros – was sold at Sotheby's Amsterdam for 114,000 euros (US$151,506) to an American private collector. This was a record for a Baluschek work.

The painting was purchased by the Milwaukee Art Museum in October 2010 with funds from Avis Martin Heller. The painting, with the ascension number M2010.49, was displayed in the museum's Gallery 12 in September 2011, together with other works of German Expressionism, but in 2014 it was no longer on display.

References

Works cited

1920 paintings
Paintings by Hans Baluschek
Paintings in the Milwaukee Art Museum
Cityscapes


title: Friedrich Wilhelm von Bissing

text:
Friedrich Wilhelm von Bissing (22 April 1873, Potsdam – 12 January 1956, Oberaudorf am Inn), also Friedrich Wilhelm, graf von Bissingen und Nippenburg, Friedrich Wilhelm Freiherr von Bissing, or Baron von Bissingen, was a German Egyptologist. He was the son of Prussian general Moritz Ferdinand von Bissing (1844–1917).

He studied classical philology, archaeology, Egyptology and art history in Bonn and Berlin, obtaining his doctorate in 1896 with the thesis "De tabula quam dicunt statistica Tuthmosis III commentatio(Commentary on the record of the statistics of Tuthmosis III)". After graduation, he spent considerable time in Egypt, performing museum and excavatory work. He was instrumental towards the development of the "General catalog" of the Cairo Museum (Catalogue général des antiquités Egyptiennes du Musée du Caire), and with Ludwig Borchardt, conducted an archaeological excavation of the Sun Temple of Nyuserre Ini at Abu Gurab.

In 1900 he received his habilitation at the University of Munich, where he later attained the posts of associate professor (1905) and full professor (1906). From 1922 until his retirement in 1926, he served as a professor at the University of Utrecht. For the last 30 years of his life he worked as a private scholar in the town of Oberaudorf am Inn.

Political views and personal life
Bissing was considered politically reactionary, he was accused of ethnic, anti-Semitic and anti-Catholic attitudes. He joined the NSDAP on September 16, 1925 (membership number 18,729) and was a friend of Rudolf Hess. He wore the Golden Party Badge. He remained a devout Protestant and was even a member of the state synod of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Bavaria. He failed in his efforts to remain loyal to the party and the church at the same time. In 1937, despite an appeal for clemency to the Fuhrer, he was expelled from the party. Before 1945, however, he did not turn away from Nazism. However, he could not come to terms with individual excesses of the Nazis. After the so-called "Reichspogromnacht" in 1938, he visited his Jewish colleague Georg Steindorff to express his regret about what had happened.

Friedrich Wilhelm von Bissing had been married to Elisabeth (Elsa) Freifrau von Carlowitz (1875–1961) since 1904.

Selected works
 Das Re-heiligtum des Königs Ne-woser-re (Rathures), 1905 (with Ludwig Borchardt).
 Denkmäler ägyptischer Skulptur, 1911.
 Die Kultur des alten Ägyptens, 1913.
 Agyptische Kultbilder der Ptolomaier- und Römerzeit, 1936.

References

Further reading

1873 births
1956 deaths
People from Potsdam
Academic staff of the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich
Academic staff of Utrecht University
German Egyptologists
German male non-fiction writers
Archaeologists from Brandenburg
Members of the Göttingen Academy of Sciences and Humanities
Nazis


title: Dharti Mata (film)

text:
Dharti Mata is a 1938 Hindi social film directed by Nitin Bose. The film was also made and in Bengali as Desher Mati in the same year by New Theatres. It starred K.L. Saigal, Uma Shashi (aka Umasashi), Jagdish Sethi, Kamlesh Kumari, and K. C. Dey. The music was by Pankaj Mullick and lyricist and dialogue writer was Pandit Sudarshan. The story, screenplay and cinematography was by Nitin Bose. The story is about two friends Ashok and Ajay, one interested in agriculture and the other in technology. Ashok goes to the village to help the farmers while Ajay goes to UK for higher studies in engineering. The film highlights the need of technology and new concepts for effective farming.

Plot
Ashok (K. L. Saigal) and Ajay (Jagdish Sethi) have different notions about the progress of the country. Ashok supports agriculture and going back to the villages while Ajay is in favour of industrialisation and technology. Ajay is from a rich family and has to go to UK for further studies in engineering. He asks Ashok to come with him. Ashok refuses and decides to go the village and help the farmers. Ajay’s sister Pratibha (Kamlesh Kumari) is in love with Ashok who is unaware of her feelings. When Ashok faces hardships in the village she secretly assists him by sending money to buy new machinery for the farm. Ashok and his colleague are frustrated in their attempts several times by Chowdhary, the village headman. Ashok meets and falls in love with a village girl Gauri (Uma Shashi) who stays with her blind father (K. C. Dey). Ajay returns from abroad and is told of a rich coal mine. This is located under Ashok’s field. Ajay forgoes mining the land and decides to buy the land that Ashok has been farming to safeguard it for him. Ashok tells Ajay his plans of marrying Gauri. Ajay is stunned and upset for his sister. For the farmers there is distress when the monsoons fail. They face a drought situation. This is when Ajay decides to mine the field for coal. However the disagreements are sorted out and Ajay helps out with new ideas and approves Ashok’s method of  co-operative farming.

Cast
K. L. Saigal
Uma Sashi
Kamalesh Kumari
Jagdish Sethi
K.C. Dey
Shyam Laha
Bikram Kapoor
Nemo
Nawab

Production
New Theatres ushered in a renaissance period with films based on social issues. These were most commonly addressed in Nitin Bose’s films. In Dushman (1939) he dealt with tuberculosis and in Dharti Mata he used the idea of collective farming and need of machinery and tube wells in agriculture. This was one of the first films to deal with innovative methods of farming and the need for modernisation.

Soundtrack
Pankaj Mulick used western elements in his music without losing the melodious Indian appeal in "Duniya Rang Rangili Baba". The songs were sung by K. L. Saigal, Uma Shashi and K. C. Dey. The lyrics were by Pandit Sudarshan.

Songs

References

External links

1938 films
1930s Hindi-language films
Indian drama films
Indian black-and-white films
Films scored by Pankaj Mullick
1938 drama films


title: Saint Egwad

text:
Saint Egwad  was a 7th-century Catholic bishop and Saint of Wales.

He built a church at Ystrad Tywi. He is the Patron Saint of Llanegwad, Wales, and in the Middle Ages there was a festival at this town, in his honour. He is also commemorated in the church at Llanfynydd, Carmarthenshire.

References

7th-century Christian saints
Year of birth unknown
Welsh hermits
History of Carmarthenshire
7th-century Christian monks
7th-century Welsh bishops


title: Sandrine Agricole

text:
Sandrine Agricole (born 13 March 1980) is a French female rugby union player. She represented  at the 2010 and the 2014 Women's Rugby World Cup.  In 2014, she was named World Cup Dream Team as flyhalf. Agricole started playing rugby since she was 11 years old.

References

1980 births
Living people
French female rugby union players
France international women's rugby sevens players
France women's international rugby union players


title: Seong-geun

text:
Seong-geun or Sung-keun, also spelled Song-gun, is a Korean masculine given name. Its meaning differs based on the hanja used to write each syllable of the name. There are 27 hanja with the reading "seong" and 18 hanja with the reading "geun" on the South Korean government's official list of hanja which may be registered for use in given names.

People with this name include
Kim Sung-keun (born 1942), South Korean baseball player
Kim Song-gun (born 1945), North Korean painter
Moon Sung-keun (born 1953), South Korean actor and politician
Choi Sung-keun (born 1991), South Korean footballer

See also
List of Korean given names

References

Korean masculine given names
Masculine given names


title: Delta High School (Alaska)

text:
Delta High School is a high school in Delta Junction, Alaska operated by the Delta/Greely School District.

References

External links

Buildings and structures in Southeast Fairbanks Census Area, Alaska
Public high schools in Alaska
Schools in Unorganized Borough, Alaska


title: Kwon Mina

text:
Kwon Mina (born September 21, 1993) mononymously known as Mina, is a South Korean singer and actress. She was a sub-vocalist, lead rapper and bass member of the girl group AOA.  Kwon has acted in television dramas, including Modern Farmer (2014) and All About My Mom (2015).

Early life
Kwon was born on September 21, 1993, in Busan, South Korea. She auditioned for FNC in 2009, and her family moved from Busan to Seoul soon after.

Career

2012–2014: Debut with AOA and solo activities

On July 30, 2012, Kwon made her debut as a member of AOA on Mnet's M Countdown with the song "Elvis" from their debut single album, Angels' Story. She was also part of band unit AOA Black, established in 2013. Due to her father's death on November 29, 2014, Kwon took some time off from career activities and did not participate in some promotions for "Like a Cat".

In 2013, Kwon debuted as an actress with the KBS2 drama special Adolescence Medley, where she played Yoon Jin-yeong. In February 2014, she played the younger role of Kim Hee-sun's character, Cha Hye-won, in the KBS drama Wonderful Days. Kwon had her first lead role in the SBS weekend drama Modern Farmer, which aired from October to December 2014.

2015–2017: Continued solo activities
On February 26, 2015, Kwon appeared in the music video for solo singer Shade's song "Bad". In May, Kwon made her debut as an MC with Y-Star's variety show Gourmet Road. In August, she was appointed as co-MC on Weekly Idol with Apink's Hayoung and VIXX's N, starting from September 2. On September 9, Kwon and Nam Joo-hyuk appeared in the music video for solo singer Kangnam's song "Chocolate". On December 5, she joined the cast of the KBS weekend drama All About My Mom, starting from episode 33. She played Go Aeng-doo, a pretty and innocent, yet mysterious young lady.

In March 2016, Kwon starred in the seven-part web drama Click Your Heart, produced by her agency FNC Entertainment, where she played a cheerful, but clumsy, 18-year-old high school student who forms friendships and love triangles with four boys. In 2017, she has been cast in the remake of 1986's horror movie Woman's Wail, and in the hospital drama Hospital Ship as a nurse. She compiled an essay collection of quotes and wisdom that are personally meaningful to her titled Stars Don't Lose Their Way at Night that was published on November 1, 2017.

Kwon won the Hallyu Star Award at the 10th Korea Drama Awards for her role in Hospital Ship.

2018–present: Continued success, departure from AOA and new agencies
In February 2018, it was revealed that Kwon will also join the cast of KBS weekday drama Queen of Mystery 2 as police officer Shin Na-ra. The same year, she was cast in the web drama Wind-Bell and in Loss Time Life, the remake of a Japanese drama of the same name.

On May 13, 2019, Kwon left AOA after deciding not to renew her contract with FNC Entertainment, due to harsh bulling by older member Shin Jimin..

On July 1, 2019, it was announced that Kwon had signed with O& Entertainment.

In 2020, she left O& Entertainment and signed with Woori Actors.
On September 26, 2020, Kwon left the agency.

Personal life

Bullying allegations against Jimin
On July 3, 2020, Kwon alleged in an Instagram post that AOA member Shin Ji-min had bullied her for a decade, which led to her withdrawal from the group in 2019. She posted a photo of her scarred wrist and claimed to have attempted suicide as a result of the bullying. Shin reportedly responded to the accusations by posting the word "fiction" to her Instagram Stories before deleting it shortly after. Kwon criticized the post, stating, "Fiction? It's too scary to say it's fiction."

Mental health
On August 6, 2020, Kwon posted a photograph on Instagram with the caption "Jinri-ya, I miss you", which was believed to be a reference to Sulli (Choi Jin-ri) of f(x), who committed suicide in 2019. In a separate post, Kwon revealed that she had recently been hospitalized after a relapse in self harm, following a KakaoTalk conversation she had with an FNC Entertainment representative who believed Shin's apology to be sincere. She expressed anger at the possibility of Shin resuming activities and finished the post by begging the company to be more considerate of their artists.  Two days later, in a since-deleted Instagram post, Kwon shared a graphic image of her slit wrist accompanied by an apparent suicide note stating:

Her agency officials notified authorities immediately upon seeing the post and she was transported to the hospital.  At the end of October Kwon left the agency and went on a career hiatus to focus on her recovery.

Discography

Filmography

Television series

Reality show

Variety show

Music video appearances

Awards and nominations

References

External links

AOA (group) members
1993 births
Living people
K-pop singers
South Korean female idols
South Korean women pop singers
Singers from Busan
Weekly Idol members
FNC Entertainment artists
South Korean television personalities
South Korean dance musicians
South Korean television actresses
South Korean web series actresses
South Korean rhythm and blues singers
Japanese-language singers of South Korea
Mandarin-language singers of South Korea
21st-century South Korean actresses
21st-century South Korean women singers
Actresses from Busan


title: Masters M85 long jump world record progression

text:
This is the progression of world record improvements of the long jump M85 division of Masters athletics.

Key

References

Masters Athletics Long Jump list

Masters athletics world record progressions
Long


title: Masters M90 long jump world record progression

text:
This is the progression of world record improvements of the long jump M90 division of Masters athletics.

Key

References

Masters Athletics Long Jump list

Masters athletics world record progressions
Long


title: Masters M80 long jump world record progression

text:
This is the progression of world record improvements of the long jump M80 division of Masters athletics.

Key

References

Masters Athletics Long Jump list

Masters athletics world record progressions
Long


title: Lead to Light

text:
Lead To Light is the second full-length album by American indie rock band Nico Vega.  It was released on July 22, 2014 on iTunes. The album was produced by Dan Reynolds (Imagine Dragons), Tony Hoffer (Beck, Foster The People, M83), and Tim Edgar (Nico Vega).

Media use
Track "I Believe (Get Over Yourself)" was performed live on VH1's Big Morning Buzz Live (episode 47) and Guitar Center Sessions (episode 81).  The track was also featured in the trailer for HBO's Girls (TV series) season 4.

Nico Vega's cover version of "Bang Bang (My Baby Shot Me Down)" was the promotional single for the A&E, History Channel, and Lifetime miniseries Bonnie and Clyde: Dead and Alive (2013).  It also featured on Britain's Got Talent (2014).

"Fury Oh Fury" featured in the launch trailer for popular video game BioShock Infinite (2013), in the 2014 American horror film The Devil's Hand (2014 film) and in the MTV comedy Awkward. (season 3, episode 16).

Track listing

Personnel
Nico Vega
Aja Volkman – vocals
Rich Koehler – guitar
Dan Epand – drums

Charts

References

2014 albums
Albums recorded at Sonic Ranch


title: Kushboo Ramnawaj

text:
Kushboo Ramnawaj (born March 23, 1990) is a Mauritian beauty pageant titleholder who was crowned Miss Mauritius 2014, and had to represent her country at the Miss Universe 2015 pageant but due to personal reasons, she withdrew her participation in December. However, in 2016 she competed at Miss Universe 2016.

Pageantry

Miss Mauritius 2014
Kushboo was crowned as Miss Mauritius 2014 represented Rivière Du Poste on June 28, 2014 at the Johnson & Johnson Auditorium in Vacoas-Phoenix. At the same event, the Runners-up of Miss Mauritius were crowned as Miss World Mauritius and Miss International Mauritius and represented Mauritius at 2015 International pageants.

Miss Universe 2016
On her 26th birthday, Kushboo was asked by the National Director of Miss Universe Mauritius, Nevin Rupear, if she could represent Mauritius at Miss Universe 2016, Kushboo affirmed with the statement and she was soon appointed as Miss Universe Mauritius 2016 wherein she represented Mauritius at the Miss Universe 2016 pageant but Unplaced.

Awards
Miss Mauritius 2014 - winner

Miss Beach Beauty 2014 - winner

Miss Elegance 2014 - 2nd runner-up

Miss Savanne 2014 - 1st runner-up

References

External links
Official Miss Mauritius website

1990 births
Living people
People from Port Louis District
Mauritian beauty pageant winners
Mauritian people of Indian descent
Mauritian Hindus
Mauritian female models
Female models of Indian descent
Miss Universe 2016 contestants
University of Mauritius alumni


title: Masters M75 long jump world record progression

text:
This is the progression of world record improvements of the long jump M75 division of Masters athletics.

Key

References

Masters Athletics Long Jump list

Masters athletics world record progressions
Long


title: TMSS

text:
TMSS may refer to:

Thengamara Mohila Sabuj Sangha, an NGO from Bangladesh
Two-Micron Sky Survey, an infrared astronomical survey and catalog
Taiwanese Modern Spelling System, the basis for the Modern Literal Taiwanese orthography
Trademark Security System, a copyright protection mechanism used by Sega that was subject of the 1992 Sega v. Accolade court case


title: Masters M70 long jump world record progression

text:
This is the progression of world record improvements of the long jump M70 division of Masters athletics.

Key

IAAF includes indoor marks in the record list since 2000, but WMA does not follow that practice.

References

Masters Athletics Long Jump list

Masters athletics world record progressions
Long


title: Aditi Mahavidyalaya

text:
Aditi Mahavidyalaya is a constituent college of University of Delhi and a women's college. It is located on Delhi Auchandi Road, Bawana, New Delhi, India. It was established in 1994 as an institution of higher education.

Programmes
The college offers mainly bachelor's degree in the following courses:
 Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) (Hons) Geography
Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) (Hons) Hindi Patrakarita evam Jansanchaar
 Bachelor of Arts (B.A.)  (Hons) Social Work
 Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) Programme
 Bachelor of Commerce (B.Com)
 Bachelor of Commerce (B.Com) (Hons)
 Bachelor of Elementary Education (B.El.Ed.)

Activities and culture
The college celebrates and organizes various events, including:
 Navya -  an annual college magazine that offers opportunities to students to come up with their skills and talent.
 Aarohi - a newsletter by the Department of B. El. Ed.
 Aditi-Samachar - a newsletter by the Department of Hindi Journalism
 Equal Opportunity Cell (EOC) - This was started years back by the University of Delhi to encourage backward classes of society such as SC, ST, OBC, and people with disabilities. This programme aims to sensitize the academic community.
 Students' Union - Membership offered to some students to represent the college at the university level.
 Annual festival - Utsav - The college celebrates an annual festival (Utsav) in which students participate and organize various events such as dance and singing competitions.
 Fresher's Orientation Day - Under this activity newcomers mainly who appear in the first year are welcomed by the college and the post students.
 Global Fund to fight AIDS, Tuberculosis & Malaria (GFATM) - The college is associated with GFATM to deal with problems such as tuberculosis and malaria.

References

External links
 Official college website

Universities and colleges in Delhi
Delhi University
1994 establishments in Delhi
Educational institutions established in 1994


title: Stéphanie Provost

text:
Stéphanie Provost (born 27 May 1973) is a French female rugby union player.
She represented  at the 2002 Women's Rugby World Cup, 2006 Women's Rugby World Cup, and 2010 Women's Rugby World Cup. She is the third most capped French female rugby player.
She is a Physical Education teacher.

References

1973 births
Living people
French female rugby union players
France women's international rugby union players


title: Masters M65 long jump world record progression

text:
This is the progression of world record improvements of the long jump M65 division of Masters athletics.

Key

IAAF includes indoor marks in the record list since 2000, but WMA does not follow that practice.

References

Masters Athletics Long Jump list

Masters athletics world record progressions
Long jump


title: Masters M60 long jump world record progression

text:
This is the progression of world record improvements of the long jump M60 division of Masters athletics.

Key

References

Masters Athletics Long Jump list

Masters athletics world record progressions
Long jump


title: Masters M55 long jump world record progression

text:
This is the progression of world record improvements of the long jump M55 division of Masters athletics.

Key

References

Masters Athletics Long Jump list

Masters athletics world record progressions


title: Masters M50 long jump world record progression

text:
This is the progression of world record improvements of the long jump M50 division of Masters athletics.

Key

References

Masters Athletics Long Jump list

Masters athletics world record progressions
Long jump


title: Masters M45 long jump world record progression

text:
This is the progression of world record improvements of the long jump M45 division of Masters athletics.

Key

References

Masters Athletics Long Jump list

Masters athletics world record progressions
Long jump


title: Masters M40 long jump world record progression

text:
This is the progression of world record improvements of the long jump M40 division of Masters athletics.

Key

References

Masters Athletics Long Jump list

Masters athletics world record progressions
Long jump


title: Masters M35 long jump world record progression

text:
This is the progression of world record improvements of the long jump M35 division of Masters athletics.

Key

References

Masters Athletics Long Jump list

Masters athletics world record progressions
Long jump


title: James Thomson (Victorian politician)

text:
James Thomson (c.1797 – 23 March 1859) was a pastoralist  and politician in colonial Victoria, a member of the Victorian Legislative Council.

Early life
Thomson was born in Edinburgh, Scotland, the son of John Thomson, a watchmaker, and Anne, née Young.

Colonial Australia
Thomson arrived in Hobart in January 1823 and the Port Phillip District around 1840. On 14 June 1853 Thomson was elected to the unicameral Victorian Legislative Council for Ripon, Hampden, Grenville and Polwarth. Thomson held this position until resigning in February 1854.

Thomson died near Port Fairy, Victoria on 23 March 1859, he had married Elizabeth Glen Boynton in 1856.

References

1797 births
1859 deaths
Members of the Victorian Legislative Council
Politicians from Edinburgh
Australian pastoralists
19th-century Australian politicians
Scottish emigrants to Australia
19th-century Australian businesspeople


Moi, Antoine de Tounens, roi de Patagonie is a 1981 novel by the French writer Jean Raspail. It tells the story of the French adventurer Orélie-Antoine de Tounens, who in 1860 declared the independence of the Kingdom of Araucanía and Patagonia, located in South America, where he held the title of king for the next 18 years. The sovereignty of the country was not respected by Chile and Argentina, whose authorities regarded Tounens as insane. The title of the book means "I, Antoine de Tounens, King of Patagonia".

The novel was published on 2 May 1981 through éditions Albin Michel. It received the 1981 Grand Prix du roman de l'Académie française. It was the basis for the 1990 film Le roi de Patagonie, starring Frédéric van den Driessche and Omar Sharif.

See also
 1981 in literature
 French literature

References

External links
 Moi, Antoine de Tounens, roi de Patagonie at the publisher's website

1981 French novels
Biographical novels
French novels adapted into films
French-language novels
Novels by Jean Raspail
Novels set in France
Novels set in South America
Novels set in the 1850s
Novels set in the 1860s
Novels set in the 1870s
Éditions Albin Michel books


title: The Boat Race 1981

text:
The 127th Boat Race took place on 4 April 1981. Held annually, the Boat Race is a side-by-side rowing race between crews from the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge along the River Thames.  Umpired by former Oxford rower Ronnie Howard, it was won by Oxford who passed the finishing post eight lengths ahead of Cambridge, their largest margin of victory since 1898.  The race saw Oxford coxed by Sue Brown, the first female cox in the history of the event.

In the reserve race, Isis beat Goldie by  lengths, and in the Women's Boat Race, Oxford were victorious.

Background
The Boat Race is a side-by-side rowing competition between the University of Oxford (sometimes referred to as the "Dark Blues") and the University of Cambridge (sometimes referred to as the "Light Blues").  First held in 1829, the race takes place on the  Championship Course on the River Thames in southwest London.  The rivalry is a major point of honour between the two universities and followed throughout the United Kingdom and broadcast worldwide.  Oxford went into the race as reigning champions, having beaten Cambridge by a canvas in the previous year's race.  However Cambridge held the overall lead, with 68 victories to Oxford's 57 (excluding the "dead heat" of 1877). The race was sponsored for fifth time by Ladbrokes.

The first Women's Boat Race took place in 1927, but did not become an annual fixture until the 1960s. Up until 2014, the contest was conducted as part of the Henley Boat Races, but as of the 2015 race, it is held on the River Thames, on the same day as the men's main and reserve races.  The reserve race, contested between Oxford's Isis boat and Cambridge's Goldie boat has been held since 1965.  It usually takes place on the Tideway, prior to the main Boat Race.

Christopher Dodd writing in The Guardian noted Oxford's aggressiveness during the preparations for the race, suggesting that they were "set to humiliate their opponents if they possibly can."  Dodd went on to predict that Oxford would win by their greatest margin since the 1898 race.   Meanwhile, Cambridge had reorganised their seating order the week before the race.  Oxford's boat was named after Russell Crockford who had rowed in Oxford's successful 1978 and 1979 races.  He was killed in a car accident the previous year on his way to a regatta in Australia.

Umpire Ronnie Howard modified the starting arrangements, making the boats commence the race closer together to dissuade the coxes steering into one another from the start.  He warned both coxes that should they foul, he would disqualify them.

Crews
Sue Brown was selected to cox the Oxford boat, and became the first female competitor in the history of the Boat Race. Although she had learned to cox at Wadham, she had already been selected to represent Great Britain in the Women's coxed fours at the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow.  She had impressed Oxford coach Dan Topolski who chose her for the Dark Blues.  Her selection caused a furore;  according to Dodd, "Sue Brown must have passed before more shutters than anyone except for Lady Diana Spencer".  She was advised by Colin Moynihan who had coxed Oxford to their largest victory of the century in the 1977 race. Boris Rankov was making his fourth appearance, but this time as a junior fellow of St Hugh's, rather than as an undergraduate at Corpus Christi.  In doing so, he became the first representative of a women's college in the men's Boat Race.

The Oxford crew weighed an average of 13 st 8 lb (86.0 kg),  more per rower than their opponents.  The race saw the return of no fewer than twelve former Blues, six in each crew.  Only Richard Yonge, Richard Emerton and Brown for Oxford and R. Stephens, M. Clark and Mike Cowie for Cambridge were new to the race.  Graeme Hall was the Cambridge finishing coach, while Oxford's Dan Topolski took over that role from Steve Royle two weeks prior to the race.

Race

Oxford were strong pre-race favourites; Ladbrokes themselves quoted Oxford at odds of five-to-one on to win. Cambridge won the toss for the first time in seven years and elected to start on the Surrey station. The race started at 1 p.m. under umpire Howard's guidance.  Both crews rating equally off the start, Oxford took an early lead and led by nine seconds by the Mile Post, allowing her to move the Dark Blue boat in front of Cambridge.  Pushing her crew to outrate Cambridge, Oxford extended their lead to 10 seconds by Hammersmith Bridge, 14 seconds by Chiswick Steps, 18 seconds by Barnes Bridge and 23 seconds by the finishing post.  Oxford won their sixth consecutive victory by eight lengths in a time of 18 minutes 11 seconds, the largest margin of victory since the Cambridge won the 1973 race by thirteen lengths, and the largest margin of victory in the 20th century for the Dark Blues.

In the reserve race, Isis beat Goldie by five lengths, their second consecutive victory. In the 36th running of the Women's Boat Race, Oxford triumphed, their second consecutive victory.

Reaction
Oxford cox Brown avoided the traditional soaking in the Thames. She later commented: "I steered extremely badly, but we still won." Her coach Topolski said "She did a brilliant job." Dodd, writing in The Guardian, described Oxford's victory as "crushing" following their "undramatic and calculated performance".  Jim Railton of The Times was impressed: "Without a doubt it is one of the finest crews Oxford have ever produced, arguably the best."

References
Notes

Bibliography

External links
 Official website

The Boat Race
1981 in English sport
1981 in rowing
April 1981 sports events in the United Kingdom


title: Gaysi

text:
The Gaysi (Gay Desi) family is an online space and E-zine for queer Desis based in Mumbai.

History
A website for gay Desis across the world, it began in November 2008 by MJ and Broom when they realized that India had a scarcity of quality online queer content. “The aim was to make you feel like you’re not the only one. The coming out process for any individual is never easy. After all, it is family and society one has to come out to,” says MJ. The idea behind Gaysi Family was to provide a platform for queers. Today, the website features opinions, personal stories, fiction, erotica, news about LGBT developments in India and across the world, book and film reviews. Some of the popular topics include ‘Coming Out’, ‘Aam Gaysi interviews’, ‘Homophobia’ and IPC 377.

Publication and content
Gaysi Family provides a platform for the LGBT community from the South Asian Subcontinent to express their views, share their coming out stories, poems, erotic fiction, book reviews, movie reviews or event notices. Additionally, they also interview popular queers and straight allies. A new section called the "Writer's Bloc" was launched, which hopes to translate diverse queer literature from Indian regional languages into English and vice versa.

In 2013, Gaysi Family launched its queer journal called The Gaysi Zine, a magazine dedicated to curating content about what it means to be gay and desi {=Gaysi}—gender or labels notwithstanding. The magazine was launched on 28 November at the lawns of Goethe-Institut, Max Mueller Bhavan, New Delhi. The panel included Parvati Sharma, who is the author of "The Dead Camel and Other Stories of Love", Arunava Sinha, who is the translator of classic, modern and contemporary Bengali fiction and nonfiction in English. Pramada Menon, who is the co-founder of CREA, and now consultant on gender and sexuality, Priya, the Editor of The Gaysi Zine and co-director of The Gaysi Family, and Antara Datta, a lecturer of English Literature at Delhi University.

They also sponsored a video titled "Happy in Gaysi Land" featuring famous gay activist Harish Iyer. The video showcases Indian queers dancing happily to the tune of "Happy" by Pharrell Williams, after the events of Indian's ban on same-sex relations. Shot over a 48-hour period, the video features Indian LGBT residents dancing all over Mumbai in an effort to engage in "a different form of activism."

References

Desi culture
Online magazines published in India
LGBT-related magazines published in India
LGBT-related websites
Magazines established in 2013


title: Rajasundaram

text:
Dr. S Rajasundaram was a Sri Lankan Tamil activist known for his struggle for the rights of Tamil people in Sri Lanka, through peaceful and democratic means. Along with his friend S.A. David, He founded Gandhiyam, a social service organization, named after the Indian revolutionary Mahatma Gandhi, that was aimed at economic, social, cultural revival of the Tamils and also fight the Sri Lankan state's  repeated and continued policies of oppressing the Tamils and denying them of their rights. The Sri Lankan government unlawfully arrested along with him, several thousands Tamil activists and he was sentenced to the Welikada Prison where he was subsequently killed during the anti-Tamil pogrom of 1983.

Social Work
Rajasundaram along with his friend and noted architect S.A. David, founded Gandhiyam to peacefully resist the Sri Lankan state terror through Gandhian principles and also lead the Tamil people to live as per the Gandhian ways of life. In a span of 5 years, the organization had a sound presence throughout the traditional homelands of the Tamils in Sri Lanka, in Jaffna, Kilinochchi, Mannar, Mullaitivu, Vavuniya, Trincomalee and Batticaloa.

At the time of their arrest, the organization had 450 pre schools with an average of thirty students each were providing daily milk and triposha and Kindergarten teaching facilities to village children. Mobile clinics equipped with basic preventive and curative medicine were making regular rounds to outlying villages. A training center was preparing thirty to forty young women, every three months for Gandhiyam work in their own villages. In addition, Gandhiyam with other social service organizations was assisting 5,000 refugee families from Tea Estates to settle down to safe life among the traditional Tamil villages.

Arrest and murder
After constant monitoring and crackdown of their social activities by the Sri Lankan government forces, Rajasundaram along with David were finally arrested in April, 1983, under the infamous PTA.

The charges consisted of:

  Meeting Uma Maheswaran and not informing the police
 Meeting Santhathiar and not informing the police
 Assisting Uma and Santhathiar to escape to India

Both were imprisoned for life for these charges. Following imprisonment, They were allegedly subject to both physical and mental forms of torture.  Dr. Rajasunderam was severely attacked, his left arm dislocated, his ear drums broken and left on several occasions unconscious on the floor. On 25 July 1983, several Tamil inmates of the Welikada Prison, almost all of them exclusively detained under the PTA were attacked by Sinhala prisoners and guards as a part of the larger pogrom against Tamils. 35 including one 16-year-old were brutally murdered and dumped in front of a statue of the Buddha in the prison yard.

The remaining Tamil prisoners those who managed to survive the massacre were detained at the youth ward and the first floor of the prison. Two days later, on 27 July, armed Sinhalese prisoners broke into both these cells where Rajasundaram and David among others were housed. Nearly 40 prisoners armed with axes, swords, crowbars, iron pipes and wooden logs appeared before the cell and started to break the lock. Dr. Rajasundaram who went up to the door pleading with the assailants to give up their violence was dragged out by the group who killed him by smashing his head with an iron rod.

References

1983 deaths
Sri Lankan Tamil activists
Sri Lankan humanitarians
1942 births


title: Simon Kelway

text:
Simon Kelway (died 1623), of Dawlish, Devon, was an English politician.

He was a Member (MP) of the Parliament of England for Totnes in 1589. His family were related to the Courtenay family.

References

16th-century births
1623 deaths
English MPs 1589
People from Dawlish
Members of the Parliament of England (pre-1707) for Totnes