title: Mongala River

text:
The Mongala River in the northern Democratic Republic of the Congo is a right tributary of the Congo River.

Course

The Mongala River is  long, or  long if the Ebola tributary is included.
It is formed by the confluence of the Dwa River and the Ebola River in Nord-Ubangi province upstream from Businga.
It flows southwest and then south past Likimi on its right bank, then turns to flow west past Binga on its left bank and then southwest to its confluence with the right bank of the Congo River at Mobeka.
For most of its course it defines the western boundary between Mongala province and Sud-Ubangi province.
Near its mouth the last short section runs between Mongala and Équateur province.

History

The Belgian soldier Ernest Baert undertook two explorations of the Mongala River despite the hostility of the local people, who attempted to capture the steamers.
He left Bangala on 23 November 1886 and ascended the Mongala on the A.I.A. for 66 hours to the furthest point reached by his predecessors George Grenfell and Camille Coquilhat, where he found a large local population that became increasingly hostile as the expedition advanced and attacked several times.
He reached Mongandi and the Ebola–Dwa confluence on 1 December 1886, and founded a station at Moboika before returning to Bangalas.

References

Sources

Further reading

External links
Multi-temporal JERS-1 SAR Image of the Congo River in Central Africa - Satellite thermal image of the Congo River showing the Mongala River.


title: Mammillaria vetula

text:
Mammillaria vetula, the thimble cactus, is a species of cactus in the subfamily Cactoideae. It is endemic to the Mexican states of Hidalgo, Guanajuato and Querétaro.

References

Plants described in 1832
vetula


title: Roberto Gómez Fernández

text:
Roberto Gómez Fernández (born March 14, 1964, in México City, D.F., México) is a Mexican producer, artist, actor and comedian.

Early life
Gómez Fernández was born in México City, the son of comedian and actor Roberto Gómez Bolaños and his wife, Graciela Fernández.

Personal life
In 2001, Gómez Fernández married actress Chantal Andere; they divorced in 2006. A few years later, in 2010, he married actress Jessica Coch; their marriage ended in divorce a year later in 2011.

Gómez Fernández has two children, Roberto Gómez Bolívar and Tamara Gómez Bolívar.

Married Krystell Padilla Martin

Filmography

Awards and nominations

Premios TVyNovelas

Premios People en Español

Premios ACE

Premios Bravo

Premios Mundo Latino

References

External links

1964 births
Living people
Mexican male television actors
Mexican male comedians
Mexican telenovela producers
Male actors from Mexico City
Comedians from Mexico City
Mexican people of Spanish descent


title: Gymnastics at the 2014 Commonwealth Games – Men's artistic individual all-around

text:
The Men's artistic individual all-around competition at the 2014 Commonwealth Games was held on 30 July at the SSE Hydro.

England's Max Whitlock won the gold medal with a total score of 90.631 points. Scotland's Daniel Keatings won silver with 88.298 points, while Nile Wilson, also from England, won bronze with 87.965 points. Whitlock led throughout the competition to win his first major all-around gold. Of his win, Whitlock said "It feel absolutely unbelievable. I've had goosebumps all over my body the whole competition and the atmosphere has been unbelievable an the support has been great but to finish on top of the podium is an amazing feeling."

Final results

References

External links
 Results at BBC Online

Gymnastics at the 2014 Commonwealth Games


title: Statue of Philip Sheridan (New York City)

text:
General Philip Henry Sheridan, also known as the Sheridan Memorial, is an outdoor bronze sculpture of Philip Sheridan by Joseph Pollia, located in Christopher Park in Manhattan, New York. The statue was installed in 1936.

See also

 1936 in art
 Sheridan Circle

References

External links

 Christopher Park/Sheridan Square by Sascha Zuger (2011), Moon New York State (pg. 49)
 The History of Sheridan Square (August 1, 2011), Greenwich Village Society for Historic Preservation

1936 establishments in New York City
1936 sculptures
Bronze sculptures in Manhattan
Monuments and memorials in Manhattan
Outdoor sculptures in Manhattan
Sculptures of men in New York City
Statues in New York City
West Village
Philip Sheridan


title: 2014 World Junior Championships in Athletics – Women's triple jump

text:
The women's triple jump events at the 2014 World Junior Championships in Athletics took place at Hayward Field in Eugene, Oregon, United States on 24 and 26 July 2014.

Medalists

Records
, the existing world junior and championship records were as follows.

Results

Qualification
Qualification: Standard 13.30 m (Q) or at least 12 best performers (q).

Final
Summary:

Notes

References

Women's triple jump
Triple jump at the World Athletics U20 Championships
2014 in women's athletics


title: 2016 UEFA Women's Under-19 Championship

text:
The 2016 UEFA Women's Under-19 Championship was the 15th edition of the UEFA Women's Under-19 Championship (19th edition if the Under-18 era is included), the annual European international youth football championship contested by the women's under-19 national teams of UEFA member associations. Slovakia, which were selected by UEFA on 20 March 2012, hosted the tournament between 19 and 31 July 2016.

A total of eight teams played in the tournament, with players born on or after 1 January 1997 eligible to participate.

Qualification

The national teams from 47 UEFA member associations entered the competition. With Slovakia automatically qualified as hosts, the other 46 teams contested a qualifying competition to determine the remaining seven spots in the final tournament. The qualifying competition consisted of two rounds: the qualifying round, which took place in autumn 2015, and the elite round, which took place in spring 2016.

Qualified teams
The following eight teams qualified for the final tournament:

Note: All appearance statistics include only U-19 era (since 2002).

Notes

Final draw
The final draw was held on 24 May 2016, 10:00 CEST (UTC+2), at the Hotel Gate One in Bratislava, Slovakia. The eight teams were drawn into two groups of four teams. There was no seeding, except that hosts Slovakia were assigned to position A1 in the draw.

Venues
The tournament was hosted in four venues:
NTC Senec, Senec
Štadión FC ViOn, Zlaté Moravce
OMS ARENA Senica, Senica
Stadium Myjava, Myjava

Squads
Each national team had to submit a squad of 18 players.

Match officials
A total of 6 referees, 8 assistant referees and 2 fourth officials were appointed for the final tournament.

Referees
 Linn Andersson (Sweden)
 Tania Fernandes Morais (Luxembourg)
 Ivana Martinčić (Croatia)
 Lois Otte (Belgium)
 Ivana Projkovska (Macedonia)
 Eszter Urbán (Hungary)

Assistant referees
 Gulyana Guvandiyeva (Azerbaijan)
 Ekaterina Marinova (Bulgaria)
 Kylie McMullan (Scotland)
 Dora Myrianthea (Cyprus)
 Lisa Rashid (England)
 Maryna Striletska (Ukraine)
 Sabina Valieva (Russia)
 Veronica Vettorel (Italy)

Fourth officials
 Petra Pavlíková Chudá (Slovakia)
 Zuzana Valentová (Slovakia)

Group stage

The final tournament schedule was confirmed on 1 June 2016.

The group winners and runners-up advanced to the semi-finals.

Tiebreakers
The teams were ranked according to points (3 points for a win, 1 point for a draw, 0 points for a loss). If two or more teams were equal on points on completion of the group matches, the following tie-breaking criteria were applied, in the order given, to determine the rankings:
Higher number of points obtained in the group matches played among the teams in question;
Superior goal difference resulting from the group matches played among the teams in question;
Higher number of goals scored in the group matches played among the teams in question;
If, after having applied criteria 1 to 3, teams still had an equal ranking, criteria 1 to 3 were reapplied exclusively to the group matches between the teams in question to determine their final rankings. If this procedure did not lead to a decision, criteria 5 to 9 applied;
Superior goal difference in all group matches;
Higher number of goals scored in all group matches;
If only two teams have the same number of points, and they were tied according to criteria 1 to 6 after having met in the last round of the group stage, their rankings were determined by a penalty shoot-out (not used if more than two teams had the same number of points, or if their rankings were not relevant for qualification for the next stage).
Lower disciplinary points total based only on yellow and red cards received in the group matches (red card = 3 points, yellow card = 1 point, expulsion for two yellow cards in one match = 3 points);
Drawing of lots.

All times were local, CEST (UTC+2).

Group A

''The match was abandoned after 50 minutes with the score 0–0 after heavy rain made the pitch unplayable. With France beating the Netherlands 2–1 elsewhere in the final round of group games, neither Norway nor Slovakia could have finished in the top two and reached the semi-finals. The match was therefore not concluded and the result stands at 0–0.

Group B

Knockout stage
In the knockout stage, extra time and penalty shoot-out were used to decide the winner if necessary.

On 2 May 2016, the UEFA Executive Committee agreed that the competition would be part of the International Football Association Board's trial to allow a fourth substitute to be made during extra time.

Bracket

Semi-finals

Final
The final was interrupted after the first half due to heavy rain and the resulting unfit terrain, and the second half began following a two-hour delay.

Goalscorers
6 goals

 Marie-Antoinette Katoto

5 goals

 Jill Roord

4 goals

 Lucía García
 Sandra Hernández

3 goals

 Clara Matéo
 Nahikari García
 Cinzia Zehnder

2 goals

 Grace Geyoro
 Laura Freigang
 Stefanie Sanders
 Sisca Folkertsma
 Michelle Hendriks
 Andrea Sánchez
 Naomi Mégroz
 Camille Surdez

1 goal

 Ivana Feric
 Delphine Cascarino
 Perle Morroni
 Nina Ehegötz
 Suzanne Admiraal
 Katrine W. Jørgensen
 Aitana Bonmati
 Marta Cazalla
 Lara Jenzer
 Géraldine Reuteler

1 own goal

 Stephanie Deszathová (playing against Netherlands)

Team of the Tournament

Goalkeepers
 Mylène Chavas
 Paulina Quaye

Defenders
 Théa Greboval
 Vita Van Der Linden
 Ashleigh Weerden
 Beatriz Beltrán
 Carmen Menayo

Midfielders
 Grace Geyoro
 Perle Morroni
 Michelle Hendriks
 Lucía García
 Patricia Guijarro
 Sandra Hernández
 Andrea Sánchez

Forwards
 Marie-Antoinette Katoto
 Clara Matéo
 Jill Roord
 Géraldine Reuteler

References

External links

2016 final tournament: Slovakia, UEFA.com

2016
Women's Under-19 Championship
2016 Uefa Women's Under-19 Championship
2016 in women's association football
2015–16 in Slovak football
UEFA Women's Under-19 Championship
2016 in youth association football
Senica
2016 in Slovak women's sport


title: Uri Avnery

text:
Uri Avnery (, also transliterated Uri Avneri; 10 September 1923 – 20 August 2018) was an Israeli writer, journalist, politician, and activist, who founded the Gush Shalom peace movement. A member of the Irgun as a teenager and a veteran of the 1948 Palestine war, Avnery sat for two terms in the Knesset from 1965 to 1974 and from 1979 to 1981. He was also the owner and editor of the news magazine HaOlam HaZeh from 1950 until its closure in 1993.

He became known for crossing the lines during the Siege of Beirut to meet Yassir Arafat on 3 July 1982, the first time the Palestinian leader met with an Israeli. Avnery was the author of several books about the Israeli–Palestinian conflict, including 1948: A Soldier's Tale, the Bloody Road to Jerusalem (2008); Israel's Vicious Circle (2008); and My Friend, the Enemy (1986).

He was awarded the Right Livelihood Award (better known informally as the Alternative Nobel Prize) in 2001 and the Carl von Ossietzky Medal in 2008.

Early life

Avnery was born in Beckum, near Münster in Westphalia, as Helmut Ostermann, the youngest of four children, to a well-established German Jewish family, his father being a private banker in the town. His grandfather, Josef Ostermann, was a teacher in Beckum's small Jewish community. His family roots are in Rhineland; his mother had once told him from which small Rhenish village his ancestors hailed, but he later forgot the name. He grew up in Hanover, where his father later worked as a  court-appointed receiver. He counted among his companions Rudolf Augstein, the future proprietor of Der Spiegel. Avnery and his family emigrated to Mandatory Palestine in November 1933, following Adolf Hitler's rise to power. All his and his wife's relatives who did not leave Germany ended up dying in the Holocaust. He attended school in Nahalal and then in Tel Aviv, leaving after 7th grade, at age 14, in order to help his parents. He started work as a clerk for a lawyer, a job he held for about five years.

He joined the Irgun, a Zionist paramilitary group, in 1938, in reaction to the execution of Shlomo Ben-Yosef by the British authorities. Ben-Yosef had thrown a grenade (which failed to explode) into a bus carrying Arab women and children, but unlike his comrade-in-arms Yitzhak Shamir who joined up at roughly the same time, Avnery was judged too young to engage directly in actions such as killing Jews suspected of being informers for the British authorities, and bombing Arab markets. He changed his surname to Avnery, a Hebraic rendering of Werner, to honour the memory of his only brother, who died serving in the British Army in Gondar on the East African front in 1941.

When Avnery was 16 years old, the Second World War broke out; it sparked in him a lifelong interest in military strategy, which he started studying in order to better follow events at the time. In 2006 he said he had over time read "a few hundred books" on the subject, by authors such as Sun Tzu, Clausewitz, Liddel-Hart and others.
He left the Irgun in 1942 after becoming disenchanted with their tactics, stating in a 2003 interview that, "I didn't like the methods of terror applied by the Irgun at the time", noting he did not back killing people in retaliation for similar acts by the Arabs. He abandoned Zionism at an early age, while remaining a nationalist, which he regarded as a natural feeling for desiring to belong to a collectivity, legitimate for Jews as it was for Arabs. Zionism's mission, in his view, ended with the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948.

In 1947 Avnery founded his own small group, Eretz Yisrael HaTze'ira ("Young Land of Israel"), which published the journal Ma'avak ("Struggle"). From 1941 to 1946, he wrote for two far right wing newspapers, HaHevrah (Society) and BaMa'avak (In the Struggle). Avnery's early political thought was influenced by Canaanism. As early as 1946 he coined the term Hishtalvut BaMerhav (integration into the region) to express the idea that the future state of the Jews must align itself within a broad "Semitic space" (Merhav HaShemi), a choice of terminology dictated by his perception that the region had been dominated by Western imperialism and colonialism. This "Semitic region" where he envisaged an alliance between Arab and Jewish national movements included Palestine, Transjordan, Lebanon, Syria, and Iraq.

Military service

During the 1948 Arab-Israeli War Avnery fought on the southern front in the Givati Brigade as a squad commander, and later in the Samson's Foxes commando unit (and also wrote its anthem, The Foxes of Shimshon, which has been called "one of the enduring battle anthems of the 1948 campaign"). He wrote dispatches from the front line which were published in Haaretz and later as a book, In the Fields of Philistia (, Bi-Sdot Pleshet). His experiences impressed him with the understanding that there was such a thing as the Palestinian people. They would enter villages where lighted fires and Primus cookers indicated that the inhabitants had fled minutes before. It was rational for them to flee because that is what all civilians do when fired on. Avnery was wounded twice, the second time, toward the end of the war, seriously; he spent the last months of his army service convalescing and was discharged in the summer of 1949.

Career

Journalism career

Though it was forbidden for soldiers to write for newspapers, Avnery wrote articles on his frontline experiences during the 1948 war. Shortly after his stint with that newspaper, Avnery (with Shalom Cohen and two others) in 1950 bought the failing magazine HaOlam HaZeh ("This World"). Avnery edited the weekly magazine, with its banner maxim "without fear, without bias," during the 1950s and the 1960s, turning it into an anti-establishment tabloid known for many sensational scoops. Its impact was such that David Ben-Gurion refused to mention it by name, and would only speak of "that particular magazine". The magazine was divided into two sections, the first half dealing with indepth muckraking journalistic investigations into corruption, the second half writing up titillating gossip. It featured nudes on its back cover.

The editorial office and printer of the paper were subject to three bombing attacks. He was arraigned on charges of sedition, survived two assassination attempts, and, in 1953, an unknown person—in one version he states that soldiers were involved—assaulted him, leaving him with both hands and all his fingers broken. Avnery introduced a punchy, aggressive style of newspaper writing into Israeli journalism and, according to Greer Fay, virtually every journalist who trained under him moved on to become a star elsewhere.

After the Egyptian Revolution of 1952 Avnery used his editorials in HaOlam HaZeh to call for a preventive strike against Egypt, arguing that "the reactionary Arab regimes" would attack Israel "the minute Arab superiority in weapons over Israel is great enough." He began to revise his views after the 1956 Suez Crisis, which ended in Israeli withdrawal and strengthened Nasser. In June 1957 Avnery suggested that Israel aid Palestinians in overthrowing the Hashemite monarchy in Jordan (a "product of imperialism"); Israel would then form a federation with the new Palestinian Jordanian state. In the late 1950s Avnery was among the founders of the group Semitic Action, which argued for a regional federation of Israel and its neighbors.

Knesset

In 1965, Avnery created a political party bearing the name of his and Cohen's magazine, HaOlam HaZeh – Koah Hadash, and was elected to the Knesset in the 1965 election. The move was inspired by the passage in 1965 of a Law against Defamation in Israel, which Avnery took personally as a legislative measure designed to muzzle his newspaper's reportage. The dominant focus of his criticism was the Mapai establishment. Although he retained his seat in the 1969 election, the party disintegrated and Avnery renamed it Meri. Although it failed to win any seats in the 1973 elections, Avnery returned to the Knesset as a member of the Sheli party after the 1977 election, but did not retain his seat in the 1981 election. He was later involved in the Progressive List for Peace. He wrote a book of his early period in parliament, entitled 1 against 119: Uri Avnery in the Knesset, (1969).

Israel–Palestine peace activism

By the 1970s, Avnery came to think that Zionism—an ideology centered on the ingathering of the exiles—was effectively dead, since diaspora Jews in significant numbers were no longer performing aliyah. In late 1975 he was among the founders of the Israeli Council for Israeli–Palestinian Peace. Shortly after the group's founding, Avnery was assaulted and stabbed several times.

Avnery crossed the front lines and met Yasser Arafat on 3 July 1982, during the Siege of Beirut—said to have been the first time an Israeli met personally with Arafat. He was tracked by an Israeli intelligence team which intended to kill Arafat, even if it meant killing Avnery at the same time once the latter had inadvertently led them to Arafat's hide-out. The operation, "Salt Fish", failed when the PLO managed to lose their trackers in the alleyways of Beirut.

Robert Fisk interviewed Avnery at the time, when the Sabra and Shatila massacre took place, and asked him how survivors of the Holocaust and their children could look on as 1,700 Palestinians were massacred. He replied:
"I will tell you something about the Holocaust. It would be nice to believe that people who have undergone suffering have been purified by suffering. But it's the opposite, it makes them worse. It corrupts. There is something in suffering that creates a kind of egoism. Herzog [the Israeli president at the time] was speaking at the site of the concentration camp at Bergen-Belsen but he spoke only about the Jews. How could he not mention that others – many others – had suffered there? Sick people, when they are in pain, cannot speak about anyone but themselves. And when such monstrous things have happened to your people, you feel nothing can be compared to it. You get a moral "power of attorney", a permit to do anything you want – because nothing can compare to what has happened to us. This is a moral immunity which is very clearly felt in Israel."

His visit with Arafat was among the reasons he became estranged from his mother, Hilda Ostermann, who disinherited him. She did not learn Hebrew and knew nothing of politics other than what she gleaned from a German-language nationalist newsletter. To meet the Palestinian leader he had to forsake his regular Friday visit to his mother in Rehovot. In her will, Hilda wrote "I do not leave a penny to my son Uri, who instead of taking care of me went off to visit that murderer Yasser Arafat". However, his sister gave him his share of the inheritance.

He later turned to left-wing peace activism and founded the Gush Shalom movement in 1993, and argued that every Israeli settlement was a "landmine on the road to peace". He was a secularist and strongly opposed to the Orthodox influence in religious and political life.

In 2001, Avnery and his wife Rachel Avnery were honoured with the Right Livelihood Award "for their unwavering conviction, in the midst of violence, that peace can only be achieved through justice and reconciliation". In 2006, settler activist Baruch Marzel called on the Israeli military to carry out "a targeted killing" against Avnery.

He advocated negotiations with Hamas. In 2007 Gush Shalom had a sticker printed which read: "Talk to Hamas". Avnery himself had once, in 1993, addressed in Gaza an audience of 500 bearded sheikhs, who listened as he spoke to them in Hebrew, and, applauding him, invited him to lunch.

Later years
Avnery was a contributor to the news and opinion sites such as for CounterPunch.

In April 2018, Avnery wrote a column for CounterPunch criticizing the Israeli military for their response to the 2018 Gaza border protests. He wrote: "I dissociate myself from the [Israeli] army sharpshooters who murder unarmed demonstrators along the Gaza Strip, and from their commanders, who give them the orders, up to the commander in chief".

On 4 August 2018, Avnery suffered a stroke and was hospitalized in a critical condition in Tel Aviv. He died at Ichilov Hospital on 20 August 2018 at the age of 94, less than a month short of his 95th birthday.

In accordance to his wishes, he was cremated and his ashes were scattered off the coast of Tel Aviv.

Personal life

Avnery's life with his Berlin-born companion Rachel () lasted 58 years, five of them before they married. In 1995 he stated proudly that they were the only Israeli couple he knew who were not divorced. They first met when she was 14 years old, in 1946, she being the daughter of the landlord of the house where one of the members of his Semitic nation group lived and where they went to discuss ideas. Around 1951, they crossed paths again when a director of a theatrical troupe introduced her as a possible choice for a photograph required for an ad his magazine intended to run. When he failed, some time later, to turn up for a date, she went to his office and learned he had had all his fingers broken. She took care of him, and they lived together for 5 years; they were both averse to religion and, in Israel, civil marriages are not permitted, so they could not get married in a way they could accept. They formalized their relationship privately with a rabbi to set Rachel's father's mind at rest when the latter fell ill.

Avnery said her outstanding trait was empathy, something he illustrated by an anecdote of watching a film concerning an old woman in the Slovak Republic who does not understand a deportation order, and neighbours assist her in going to the assembly point for departure to the death camps. At the end, when the lights came on, Menachem Begin happened to be sitting in a row in front of them. He stood up, weeping, and came over and kissed her on the brow. The gesture of kissing her on the brow was repeated by Yasser Arafat when she and her husband acted as human shields when he was under siege and holed up in the Mukataa. She earned the respect and friendship of Raed Salah during tent protests against Yitzhak Rabin's deportation of 415 Palestinians to Lebanon in December 1992. She was a primary school teacher for 28 years. She died in May 2011 of the long-term debilitating effects of a Hepatitis C infection contracted some two decades earlier. Their marriage was childless by choice.

Avnery suffered from both diabetes and Crohn's disease. In his testament he willed his assets and savings to the people of Israel, to finance further peace projects.

See also
 Adam Keller
 List of peace activists
 Mordechai Vanunu
 Uri Davis

Notes

Citations

Sources

External links

 Uri Avnery's official website
 Uri Avnery's weekly article

 Avnery on Web of Stories, videos recorded October 2015

1923 births
2018 deaths
Ashkenazi Jews in Mandatory Palestine
Canaanites (movement)
German Ashkenazi Jews
German emigrants to Mandatory Palestine
Irgun members
Israeli people of German-Jewish descent
Israeli Ashkenazi Jews
Israeli anti-war activists
Israeli journalists
Israeli opinion journalists
Israeli people wounded in the 1947–1949 Palestine war
Israeli political writers
Israeli publishers (people)
Israeli secularists
Israeli atheists
Israeli–Palestinian peace process
Jewish atheists
Jewish anti-war activists
Left Camp of Israel leaders
Israeli magazine editors
Members of the 6th Knesset (1965–1969)
Members of the 7th Knesset (1969–1974)
Members of the 9th Knesset (1977–1981)
Meri (political party) politicians
People from Warendorf (district)
People with Crohn's disease


title: Mammillaria sheldonii

text:
Mammillaria sheldonii is a species of cactus in the subfamily Cactoideae.

Description
The plants branch out from the base and usually form small cushions. The slender, cylindrical shoots are dull green, often reddish and reach heights of growth of 8 to 20 centimeters with diameters of up to 6 centimeters. The cylindrical, keel-shaped warts on four sides at the base do not contain any milky sap. The axillae are bare and sometimes have some bristles. The 1 to 4 strong central spines are up to 15 millimeters long. The lower one is stretched and either straight or hooked. The 9 to 24 radial spines are white with dark tips and are 6 to 8 millimeters long.

The funnel-shaped, light purple-pink flowers are 2 inches long and in diameter. The edges of the petals are paler and almost white. The flower often opens for several days. The stamens consist of light purple stamens and orange-yellow anthers. The style is light pink to yellow. The light olive, 3 to 5 millimeter long stigma is 6 to 8 parts and protrudes over the stamens by about 4 millimeters.

The club-shaped, pale scarlet-red fruits have a slightly sloping flower remnant, are 25 to 30 millimeters long and contain black, spherical seeds.

References

External links

Plants described in 1933
sheldonii


title: Triodetic dome

text:
Triodetic dome is a partial dome structure that is similar but different from geodesic dome in that it is not a full sphere.

Examples

 Bloedel Floral Conservatory, Vancouver British Columbia, Canada
 Rainbow Stage, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
 Cinesphere, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
 Turtle Dome (Strongheart Recreation Center), Grand Travers, Michigan, US
 Meadowbank Gold Project, Kivalliq District, Nunavut, Canada

See also

Cloud Nine (tensegrity sphere)
Concrete dome
Domed city
Fullerenes, molecules which resemble the geodesic dome structure
Geodesic airframe
Geodesic grid
Geodesic tents
Gridshell
Hoberman sphere
Hugh Kenner, who wrote Geodesic Math and How to Use It
Monolithic dome
Pentakis dodecahedron
Radome
Shell structure
Silent Running 1972 science fiction film prominently featuring geodesic domes.
Space frames
Stepan Center
Synergetics
Truncated icosahedron
Truss

Triodetic dome


title: Windsor–Detroit Bridge Authority

text:
The Windsor–Detroit Bridge Authority (WDBA; ) is the Canadian federal Crown corporation responsible for administering the construction and future operation of the Gordie Howe International Bridge between Windsor, Ontario and Detroit, Michigan.

History
In the early 2000s, work began on a planning a new crossing of the Detroit River between Detroit and Windsor. To coordinate the bridge's construction and management, the Windsor–Detroit Bridge Authority (WDBA) was formed in 2012, beginning work in July 2014.

Lisa Raitt, then-Minister of Transport, appointed Michael Cautillo, Mark R. McQueen, William Graham, and Caroline Mulroney Lapham as the first board of directors of the WDBA. Of the board members, Cautillo was appointed the authority's president and CEO and McQueen was appointed chairman of the board. While recognizing that the individuals first appointed to the body on July 30, 2014, all had strong financial expertise, the Windsor Star noted that none of them had local ties to the Windsor region.

Tom Mulcair, New Democratic Party leader and then-Leader of the Official Opposition in the Canadian Parliament, noted that three of the first four appointees were donors to the Conservative Party of Canada.

On January 1, 2016, retired Provincial Liberal Minister Dwight Duncan was appointed to be the interim chair of the Board. On December 14, 2016, he was appointed to a five-year term as the Board's permanent chair. In December 2021, Tim Murphy was appointed as the chair of the board, with Duncan leaving the post after 5 years.

Bridge contract
In July 2015, WDBA began work procuring a consortium who would design, build and finance the construction of the bridge, as well as operate and maintain it over a 30 year period.

On July 5, 2018, WDBA was announced the consortium "Bridging North America" had been awarded the contract for the bridge, using a design, build, finance, operate and maintain structure. The consortium consisted of AECOM for design; Dragados Canada, Fluor Corporation, and Aecon for construction; and ACS Infrastructure, Fluor, and Aecon for operations and maintenance. Following construction, Bridging North America will receive monthly payments for operating and maintaining the bridge over a 30 year period.

Once the bridge is complete the WDBA will manage the bridge's operation, including setting and collecting tolls.

References

External links

Canadian federal Crown corporations
Canada–United States border
Transportation in Detroit
Transport in Windsor, Ontario


title: Jeffery John Mumford Speed

text:
Jeffery John Mumford Speed CBE FRSA FInstLM FRGS (born 3 October 1936) was Director of Fundraising and the Treasurer's Department at Conservative Central Office (1995–96). Speed was described as the "ultimate party worker", a party stalwart, and he was credited with turning around the party's finances, wiping-out over twelve million pounds in the party's deficit and building-up the party coffers before the 1996 elections.

Early life
Jeffery John Mumford Speed was born on 3 October 1936, the son of Herbert Victor Speed and Dorothy Barbara Speed (née Mumford).  He was educated at Bedford Modern School.

Career
Speed started his career in commerce with General Motors before being made a Conservative Party Agent (1965–78). He was election agent for the Rt Hon. Iain MacLeod (1970); Cecil Parkinson (1970); and the Rt Hon. Edward Heath (1974).

Speed held a number of positions at Conservative Central Office including Director of Constituency Services (1993–95) before becoming the Director of Fundraising (1995–96). Speed was described as the "ultimate party worker", a party stalwart, and he was credited with turning around the party's finances, wiping-out over twelve million pounds in the party's deficit and building-up the party coffers before the 1996 elections. He mysteriously resigned just before those elections, due, it was said, to a disagreement with Dr Brian Mawhinney, the Conservative Party Chairman.

Awards and honours
Speed is a Fellow of the Institute of Leadership and Management.  He was made a Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts in 1993 and a Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society in 2003.

Speed was invested as a Commander of the Order of the British Empire in 1991.

Personal life
In 1985, Speed married Hilary Anne Busfield, daughter of the late Haley Busfield of Mayfield, Sussex.  His interests include antique maps (especially those by John Speed), oenology, travel (particularly in Spain), musical theatre and film.  He is a member of the Royal Over-Seas League.

Jeffery Speed is the brother of Sir Herbert Keith Speed and a direct descendant of John Speed.

Publications
 Tudor townscapes: the town plans from John Speed's: "Theatre of the Empire of Great Britaine 1610".  Published Waddesdon, Buckinghamshire, 2000

References

Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
People educated at Bedford Modern School
1936 births
Living people
Fellows of the Royal Geographical Society


title: Shimon Tzabar

text:
Shimon Tzabar (5 March 1926 in Tel Aviv – 19 March 2007 in London) was a member of the editorial board of Israel Imperial News. He described himself as a "Hebrew-speaking Palestinian".

The son of poultry vendors, he was educated at a religious school. In his teens, after initially joining Ze'ev Jabotinsky's Betar organization, he became a member of all three Jewish underground military organizations in British-ruled Mandatory Palestine: Lehi (the "Stern Gang"), Etzel, and Haganah (Palmach) that fought the British and the Arab populations. The British Mandatory authorities arrested him and detained him for several months at Latrun. With the establishment of Israel, he briefly joined the Israeli Communist party. He fought in Israel's first three wars: 1948–50, 1956, and 1967.

However, Tzabar strongly disagreed with the annexation of the Golan Heights and East Jerusalem and takeover of the West Bank and Gaza Strip by Israel in the aftermath of the Six-Day war. In September 1967 he became famous for a declaration he published in Ha'aretz, together with 11 co-signatories, protesting against the incipient occupation. In part it read:-"Our right to defend ourselves from extermination does not give us the right to oppress others. Occupation entails foreign rule. Foreign rule entails resistance. Resistance entails repression. Repression entails terror and counter-terror. The victims of terror are mostly innocent people. Holding on to the occupied territories will turn us into a nation of murderers and murder victims. Let us get out of the occupied territories immediately.'

He subsequently left Israel in protest and settled in England. Tzabar was a columnist for a number of years for both the daily Haaretz and the weekly Ha'olam Haze newspapers. He also published 27 books in Hebrew, among these are works of fiction, travel, children's books and poetry. Allen Lane, the hardcover imprint of Penguin Books, published his English book, The White Flag Principle, that had been translated and published in Japan and in most European languages.

His views eventually evolved towards anti-Zionism: Tzabar became an outspoken opponent of Zionism in addition to the occupation; he criticized peace groups like Peace Now and Gush Shalom.

In 2004 Michelin threatened to sue him for trademark infringement, after he published a study of Israel's prisons under the title "MUCH BETTER THAN THE OFFICIAL MICHELIN Guide to Israeli prisons, Jails, concentration camps and torture chambers". The company eventually dropped the case, much to Tzabar's disappointment.

An accomplished painter, polymath, and mycophile, he identified a species of mushroom.

Incomplete bibliography
 The White Flag Principle: How to Lose a War (and Why), New York 2003,
 Yemenite and Sabra Cookery, (with Naomi Tzabar) Tel-Aviv 1979,
 An Illustrated Key for the Identification of Wild Mushrooms, Fungi and Toadstools Interactive CD-Rom.
 Tusbarahindi the Great

References

External links
Shimon Tzabar – memorial website
Israel Imperial News

1926 births
2007 deaths
20th-century essayists
20th-century Israeli poets
English Jewish writers
Israeli anti-war activists
Israeli columnists
Israeli emigrants to the United Kingdom
Israeli essayists
Israeli illustrators
Israeli Jews
Israeli non-fiction writers
Israeli poets
Palmach members
Writers from Tel Aviv
Lehi (militant group)
Irgun members
Haganah members
Israeli communists
Jewish anti-Zionism in the United Kingdom


title: Beaumont Hotel (Beaumont, Kansas)

text:
The Beaumont Hotel is a former railroad hotel constructed in 1879 in Beaumont, Kansas. It originally opened and operated as the "Summit Hotel". It currently operates as a bed and breakfast, RV Park and restaurant.

Beginning in the 1940s, local ranchers began using Main Street (also known historically as Third Street) as a landing strip for their planes while checking on cattle herds. In 1953, the hotel underwent a major renovation and acquired 70 acres of adjoining property, which was converted into a dedicated landing strip to serve the new clientele. The hotel is a popular destination for small aircraft pilots and motorcycle rallies.

The oldest wooden water tower in the United States, the Beaumont St. Louis and San Francisco Railroad Water Tank, is located near the hotel.

See also
 National Register of Historic Places listings in Butler County, Kansas

References

External links
 Official homepage

Buildings and structures in Butler County, Kansas
Hotel buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Kansas
Hotel buildings completed in 1879
St. Louis–San Francisco Railway
National Register of Historic Places in Butler County, Kansas


title: Salvation (Gabrielle Aplin song)

text:
"Salvation" is a song recorded by British singer-songwriter Gabrielle Aplin and released as the fifth single from her debut studio album English Rain (2013). The song was released in the United Kingdom as a digital download on 12 January 2014 through Parlophone. The song peaked at number 122 on the UK Singles Chart, the song has also peaked at number 60 in Australia. The song was featured in the second trailer to the animated film The Little Prince (2015).

A remix with HEYHEY was released on 12 February 2016.

Music video
A music video to accompany the release of "Salvation" was first released onto YouTube on 2 December 2013 at a total length of four minutes and six seconds.

Track listing

Chart performance

Release history

References

2014 singles
2014 songs
Gabrielle Aplin songs
Folk ballads
Songs written by Joel Pott
Songs written by Gabrielle Aplin


title: Aki Orr

text:
Akiva "Aki" Orr  (, born Karl Sebastian Sonnenberg; June 19, 1931 – February 7, 2013) was an Israeli writer and political activist. He was an outspoken critic of Zionism and supported a one-state solution to the Israeli–Palestinian conflict. After 1968 Orr was a leading advocate of radical direct democracy.

Early life
Orr was born in Berlin in 1931. His parents left Germany when he was three years old, in the aftermath of the Nazi rise to power, and moved to Palestine, then under British rule. Orr grew up in Tel Aviv and attended the First Municipal School of Tel Aviv. He was a keen swimmer and was the Maccabi 200 m breast-stroke champion in 1946 and 1947. In 1946 he was drafted into the Haganah, the Jewish paramilitary organization that was to develop into the Israeli Defence Forces following the creation of the State of Israel in 1948. He joined the Navy, which played a minor role in the 1948 War of Independence.

Political career

"Maki" Communist party
Orr served in the Israeli navy until 1950, and then joined the merchant navy. He participated in the Israeli Seamen's Strike of 1951, which lasted 40 days. It was during this time that he became politicized in the wake of a beating incurred at the hands of the Israeli police. In the same year he joined the Israeli Communist Party. He remained in the merchant navy until 1955, when he moved to Jerusalem to study mathematics and physics at the Hebrew University. There, he served as secretary of the Union of Communist Science Students at the University. Following his graduation in 1958, he started teaching mathematics and physics at the AIU Technical College.

In 1961, Orr published his first major work. Written with Moshe Machover under the pseudonym, A Israeli, Shalom, Shalom ve'ein Shalom (Hebrew: ; Peace, Peace, and there is no Peace) set out to demonstrate how Israeli Prime Minister Ben-Gurion had colluded with Britain and France in a colonial war against Egypt and to disprove Ben-Gurion's claims that the 1956 Suez War had been a war fought to save Israel from annihilation (see Protocol of Sèvres).

"Matzpen" socialist organization
In 1962, Orr left the Israeli Communist Party and, alongside Machover, Oded Pilavsky and Jeremy Kaplan, formed the Israeli Socialist Organization, better known by the name of its publication Matzpen. Its founders rejected what they saw as the Israeli Communist Party's unquestioning loyalty to the Soviet Union. They defined "Socialism" as a regime run by workers councils, not by a political party.

Matzpen criticized the Zionist project in Israel as a colonizing project, although they were careful to distinguish it from the European colonialism of the 19th and 20th century, arguing that the Zionists had come to Palestine to expropriate the indigenous population rather than to exploit them economically.

Matzpen remained on the fringes of Israeli politics throughout its existence, never gaining more than a few dozen members, although the group began to receive attention in the Israeli press after the 1967 war and the emergence of the Palestinian Liberation Organization.

In London
Orr left Israel in 1964 to study Cosmology in London, where he continued to be politically active. He co-founded and was on the editorial board of ISRACA (Israeli Revolutionary Action Committee Abroad), an anti-Zionist publication "devoted to a critique of the ideological, cultural and psychological aspects of Political Zionism".

In London, Orr became acquainted with several prominent left-wing intellectuals, such as the Austrian poet Erich Fried, the veteran revolutionary Rosa Meyer-Leviné (1890 - 1979), the German student leader Rudi Dutschke, and the Trinidadian Marxist and cricketing authority C. L. R. James, with whom he enjoyed close friendships.

In 1968 Orr joined the London-based group Solidarity, a libertarian socialist organization, and befriended its Greek mentor Cornelius Castoriadis. From this time on, Orr became a libertarian socialist (not ideologically bound to the theories of Marx and Lenin). The year 1972 saw the publication of The Other Israel: The Radical Case Against Zionism, a collection of articles and documents by various Matzpen members, including Orr, Machover and Haim Hanegbi, edited by Arie Bober.

In 1984 Ithaca Press published Orr's The Un-Jewish State: the Politics of Jewish Identity in Israel, in which he argued that political Zionism had failed to create a secular Jewish identity.

In 1994, Israel: Politics, Myths and Identity Crises was published, a collection of Orr's essays that also dealt with issues arising from the clash between Israel's secular and Jewish identities. By this time, Orr had moved back to Israel (in 1990).

Beginning in the 1970s Orr lectured in the United Kingdom and Israel to student bodies and political organizations on various aspects of the Arab-Israeli conflict and on direct democracy. He was invited to speak at the 2011 Israeli tent protests on Rothschild Boulevard, Tel Aviv, where he delivered lectures on the Seamen's Strike of 1951 and on direct democracy.

Direct democracy
Following his conversion to libertarian socialism in the late 1960s, Orr became increasingly active in the promotion of radical direct democracy, which rejects the notion of representative democracy and calls for political decision-making to be placed in the hands of every single citizen.

His ideas were grounded in the events of May 1968 in France. In the wake of this wildcat general strike (opposed at first by all unions and political parties), which at its peak saw 10 million employees on strike for 20 days, thousands of self-managed committees sprang up throughout the country. They did not make any economic demands but asserted their right to run their institutions independently.

Drawing on contemporary reports of the Observer journalists Patrick Seale and Maureen McConville, Orr asserted that the desire of the strikers was not to reform the political system but to replace it entirely by a system of democratic self-governance, in which all employees have a say in the decision-making process. Orr argued that while in 1968 the technology did not exist to enable all citizens to participate in decision making, it exists today. He argued that political corruption is an inherent feature of politics by representatives and of all elections and that only a system of "politics without politicians" can eliminate corruption.

Orr wrote and distributed two major works on direct democracy, Politics without Politicians, an outline of the central tenets of direct democracy, and Big Business, Big Government or Direct Democracy: Who Should Shape Society?, a history of the 20th century viewed in terms of the conflict between state and private control of the economy, a conflict that he regarded as the defining feature of the epoch. He argued that a system of direct democracy is the only viable alternative to "big government states" or "big business states", both of which he viewed as oppressive forms of governance.

Works
English

1972 – The Other Israel: the Radical Case against Zionism, ed. Arie Bober, with contributions by various Matzpen members (Doubleday)
1984 – The Un-Jewish State: The Politics of Jewish Identity in Israel (Ithaca Press)
1994 – Israel: Politics, Myths and Identity Crises (Pluto Press)
2005 – Politics without Politicians (self-published, available online)
2007 – Big Business, Big Government or Direct Democracy: Who Should Shape Society? (World Power Politics of the 20th Century and their Lesson) (self-published, available online)

Hebrew

1961 – Peace Peace & There is No Peace - Shalom, Shalom ve'ein Shalom (with Moshe Machover)
2002 – Alternative to a Psychotic State2003 – From Protest to Revolution (Five talks to young activists)
2005 – Flashbacks (recollections of London)

 References

 Further reading

 Fiedler, Lutz (2022), Matzpen. A History of Israeli Dissidence'', Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 9781474451178
 Moshe Machover, In memoriam: Akiva “Aki” Orr, https://matzpen.org/english/2013-03-10/in-memoriam-akiva-aki-orr/

External links
 Online versions of all Orr's writings.
 Direct Democracy website.
 An interview with Aki Orr
 Videos of Akiva Orr on Left in Hebrew Video Archive
 In Memoriam by Matzpen.
 In Memoriam by Jews For Justice For Palestinians.

1931 births
2013 deaths
Academics of the University of Bradford
Direct democracy activists
Jewish emigrants from Nazi Germany to Mandatory Palestine
Hebrew University of Jerusalem alumni
Israeli activists
Israeli socialists
Jewish anti-Zionism in the United Kingdom
Jewish socialists
People from Tel Aviv


title: Khaled Mashal

text:
Khaled Mashal (, Levantine Arabic: , born 28 May 1956) is a leader and former head of the Palestinian militant organization Hamas.

After the founding of Hamas in 1987, Mashal became the leader of the Kuwaiti branch of the organization. In 1992, he became a founding member of Hamas' politburo and its chairman. He became the recognized head of Hamas after Israel assassinated both Sheikh Ahmed Yassin and his successor Abdel Aziz al-Rantisi in the spring of 2004. Under his leadership, Hamas stunned the world by winning a majority of the seats in the Palestinian legislative election in 2006. Mashal stepped down as Hamas' politburo chairman at the end of his term limit in 2017.

The Six-Day War in 1967 forced Mashal's family to flee the West Bank and he has since then lived in other parts of the Arab world in exile. For that reason, he was considered part of Hamas' "external leadership".

Early life and education
Mashal was born in 1956 in Silwad in the Jordanian-occupied West Bank. He attended Silwad Elementary School until fifth grade. His father, Abd al-Qadir Mashal, was a farmer (fellah) and had moved to Kuwait in 1957 to work in agriculture and as an imam. He had participated in the 1936–1939 Arab revolt with the Palestinian guerilla leader Abd al-Qadir al-Husayni.

Following the 1967 Six-Day War, during which Israel occupied the West Bank, his family fled to Jordan and, after a month or two, they joined Abd al-Qadir in Kuwait, where Mashal completed high school. He entered the prestigious Abdullah al-Salim Secondary School in the early 1970s and joined the Muslim Brotherhood in 1971.

Mashal enrolled in Kuwait University in 1974, and soon became involved in student politics. He headed the Islamic Justice list (qa’imat al-haq al-islamiyya) in the General Union of Palestinian Students (GUPS) elections in 1977. The list was based on the Palestinian Islamic movement, a part of the Muslim Brotherhood. The GUPS elections were cancelled and he founded the Islamic League for Palestinian Students (al-rabita al-islamiyya li tolaab filastin). He graduated with a bachelor of science degree in physics in 1978.

As a 19-year-old, Mashal visited historical Palestine in 1975 for two months for the first time since the occupation began in 1967. He was able to travel extensively in both Israel and the occupied territories. The trip deepened his feelings for his homeland and his sense of the losses in 1948 and 1967.

Involvement in Hamas

After graduating, Mashal became a teacher and taught physics in Kuwait until 1984. In 1983, the Palestinian Islamic movement convened an internal, closed conference in an Arab state, which included delegates from the West Bank, Gaza Strip and Palestinian refugees from Arab states. The conference laid the foundation stone for the creation of Hamas. Mashal was part of the project's leadership. After 1984, he devoted himself to the project on a full-time basis. When Iraq invaded Kuwait in August 1990, he and the rest of Hamas' leadership in Kuwait relocated to Jordan.

Mashal was a founding member of Hamas' politburo, and was elected chairman in 1996, following the imprisonment of his predecessor Mousa Mohammed Abu Marzook in 1995.

Assassination attempt
On 25 September 1997, Mossad agents acting under orders from Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and his security cabinet attempted to assassinate him. The agents entered Jordan on fake Canadian passports and disguised as tourists. Two of them waited at the entrance of the Hamas offices in Jordan's capital Amman, and, as Mashal walked into his office, one of them came up from behind and held a device to Mashal's left ear that transmitted a fast-acting poison. Mashal's bodyguards were suspicious prior to the attack and were able to chase the agents down and capture them. Other agents were also found and captured. In an interview, he described the attack as "a loud noise in my ear ... like a boom, like an electric shock." Initially, he thought the agents had failed to hurt him but later in the day he developed a severe headache and began vomiting. He was rushed to a Jordanian hospital where his condition rapidly deteriorated.

Immediately after the incident, Jordan's King Hussein demanded that Netanyahu turn over the antidote for the poison, threatening to sever diplomatic relations and to try the detained Mossad agents. King Hussein feared that the death of a Hamas leader would trigger riots in his kingdom, perhaps even a civil war. Netanyahu refused, and the incident quickly grew in political significance. With Israeli-Jordanian relations rapidly deteriorating, King Hussein threatened to void the historic 1994 peace between the two countries should Mashal die. U.S President Bill Clinton intervened and compelled Netanyahu to turn over the antidote.

The head of Mossad, Danny Yatom, flew to Jordan, with Netanyahu's consent, bringing an antidote to treat Mashal. The doctors at King Hussein Medical Center, where Mashal lay in a coma, observed Mashal's symptoms to be consistent with an opioid overdose. They administered the antidote, which saved Mashal's life.

According to Ronen Bergman based on internal IDF sources, Mashal's antidote only secured the release of the two Mossad Kidon agents that were carrying out the assassination attempt. At least six other Mossad agents involved in the operations were holed up in the Israel Embassy. King Hussein would only release them if Israel release Ahmed Yassin and a large number of other Palestinian prisoners. King Hussein needed the demands to be “enough to enable the king to be able to publicly defend the release of the hit team.”

In a 2008 interview, Mashaal said of the attempt on his life: "[It] made me more positive about life. I became more courageous in the face of death. My faith became stronger that a man does not die until his time comes. That is, I will die when God decides, not when Mossad decides. It also made me more resolute in fulfilling my responsibilities."

Expulsion from Jordan

In August 1999, Hamas "external leadership" was expelled from Jordan by King Abdullah II. The King feared that the activities of Hamas and its Jordanian allies would jeopardize peace negotiations between the Palestinian Authority and Israel, and accused Hamas of engaging in illegitimate activities within Jordan. In mid-September 1999, authorities arrested several Hamas leaders, including Mashal and Ibrahim Ghosheh on their return from a visit to Iran, and charged them with being members of an illegal organization, storing weapons, conducting military exercises, and using Jordan as a training base, charges they denied. Mashal was expelled from Jordan, and initially made Qatar his home. In 2001, he moved to Damascus, Syria.

Election victory

Hamas won a majority of the seats in the Palestinian legislative election in 2006.

Defying pressure from the Quartet, Mashal announced on 29 January 2006 that Hamas had no plans to disarm but added that Hamas was willing to join arms with other Palestinian factions and form an army "like any independent state". Israel's Defense Minister Shaul Mofaz threatened to have Mashal assassinated.

Prisoner swap
Mashal was involved in negotiating a prisoner exchange deal which released captured Israeli soldier Gilad Shalit in exchange for over 1,000 Palestinian prisoners in Israel. Shalit was seized inside Israel near the southern Gaza Strip border by a coalition of Palestinian paramilitary groups, including Hamas, who had crossed the border through a tunnel near the Kerem Shalom border crossing. On 10 July 2006, Mashal stated Shalit was a prisoner of war and demanded a prisoner swap for his release which Israel refused.

On 18 June 2008, Israel announced a bilateral ceasefire with Hamas which began formally on 19 June 2008. The agreement was reached after talks between the two camps were conducted with Egyptian mediators in Cairo. As part of the ceasefire, Israel agreed to resume limited commercial shipping across its border with Gaza, barring any breakdown of the tentative peace deal, and according to one Israeli security source, negotiations on the release of Shalit were expected to resume. However, on 29 July 2008, Palestinian Authority President Mahmoud Abbas voiced his strong opposition to the release of 40 Hamas members of the Palestinian parliament in exchange for Shalit. On 2 October 2009, after the swap of 20 Palestinian prisoners for a proof-of-life video, Mashal vowed to capture more soldiers in order to secure the release of more Palestinian prisoners.

In October 2011, Shalit was released and handed over to Israel in exchange for 1,027 Palestinian prisoners.

Exile from Syria

In February 2012, as the Syrian civil war progressed, Mashal left Syria and returned to Qatar. Hamas distanced itself from the Syrian government and closed its offices in Damascus. Soon after, Mashal announced his support for the Syrian opposition, prompting Syrian state TV to issue a "withering attack" on him.

Tour of the Gaza Strip

In December 2012, following the eight-day conflict between Israel and Hamas and the negotiated truce, Mashal visited Gaza for the first time, beginning a four-day-long visit to the territory, for the 25th anniversary of Hamas's founding.

Upon arriving at the Rafah border crossing between Egypt and Gaza, Mashal prostrated himself on the ground in prayer, and was moved to tears by his reception. Mashal called his visit his "third birth" and wished for a fourth birth: "The first was my natural birth. The second was when I recovered from the poisoning. I ask God that my fourth birth will be the day we liberate all of Palestine." He told the cheering crowds, "We politicians are in debt to the people of Gaza." Traveling through Gaza City on the first day of his tour, Mashal visited the home of Yassin, as well as the home of Ahmed Jabari, the deputy chief of Hamas's military wing, who was assassinated at the start of the Israeli offensive in the previous month.

Addressing tens of thousands of attendees of Hamas's 25th anniversary in Gaza City's Katiba Square, Mashal reiterated his movement's refusal to concede any part of historical Palestine, stating "Palestine from the river to the sea, from the north to the south, is our land and we will never give up one inch." However, he also lent support to Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas' successful initiative for international recognition of the State of Palestine at the United Nations, adding his belief that diplomacy helped the Palestinian cause, but was needed in conjunction with "resistance." At the conclusion of his visit Mashal stressed that Palestinian reconciliation was critical, stating that "Gaza and the West Bank are two dear parts of the greater Palestinian homeland."

Retirement
Mashal resigned as chairman of the politburo in 2017 and was succeeded by Ismail Haniyeh, a Gaza strip resident and leader of the Hamas-dominated Gaza strip government. The handover marked a transfer of power from Hamas leaders living abroad to those living in Gaza.

Views

Mashal believes that U.S. Middle East policy is hypocritical and not about democracy. The U.S. has no problem with a dictator that supports the U.S., but a democratic leader that is against it is treated like an enemy, he argues.

Hamas
Mashal describes Hamas as follows:

He does not believe that there is a contradiction between Hamas' and religious diversity:

He views the goal of Hamas to be to "end the Zionist occupation; to liberate the land and the holy places; to reclaim Palestinian rights; to secure the return the refugees to their nation, lands, and homes; and to reclaim Jerusalem." Mashal wants the future Palestinian state to be one that "is open to the world, far from fanaticism, and one that promotes tolerance and accepts all."

Peace with Israel

Mashal believes that peace with Israel requires two things: that the Palestinian refugees that fled from, or were expelled by, Israeli forces in the 1948 Israeli War of Independence in which the Jewish State was established are allowed to return and that Israel withdraws from the territories it occupied in the 1967 war. Israel has said it would never agree to let the refugees return.

In an op-ed shortly after Hamas' 2006 election victory, Mashal suggested a long-term truce:

In a 2006 meeting with Russia's foreign minister Sergey Lavrov, Mashal insisted that Israel must withdraw from the territory it occupied in the 1967 war and recognize a Palestinian right of return if it wants peace. He declared that Hamas is "for peace in the region ... after the end of the occupation."

In a meeting with former U.S. president Jimmy Carter in 2008, Mashal clarified that any agreement with Israel would have to be ratified with the Palestinian people in a referendum. Mashal later suggested a 10-year-truce (hudna) if Israel withdrew to the 1967 border. He considered this a proof of recognition: "We have offered a truce if Israel withdraws to the 1967 borders, a truce of 10 years as a proof of recognition".

In 2007, Mashal made comments which some saw as a "softened stance" towards Israel:

Yasser Arafat

Mashal was a vocal critic of the Palestinian Authority President Yasser Arafat, often refusing to follow directives issued by the PA regarding ceasefires with Israel. Mashal was considered a key force behind this policy, along with Sheikh Ahmed Yassin. However, Mashal did attend Arafat's funeral, in Cairo on 12 November 2004.

Gaza blockade

Mashal believed that by blockading Gaza, Israel hoped to increase the suffering of the population so that they would turn against Hamas. He rejected the Israeli claim that the blockade was necessary for security reasons. He contended that the blockade was in violation of international law.

Reception
In 2010, the British New Statesman magazine listed Khaled Mashal at number 18 in the list of "The World's 50 Most Influential Figures 2010". After his appearance at a congress of the Turkish Justice and Development Party (AKP), the U.S. was concerned about the relations between the party and the Hamas.

Accusations of corruption

During the 2014 Gaza war, Israel accused Mashal of corruption. In an interview Israel's Prime Minister Netanyahu said: "This guy Khaled Mashal, he’s roaming around, five-star hotel suites in the Gulf states, he’s having the time of his life, while he’s deliberately putting his people as fodder for this horrible terrorist war that they’re conducting against us". A few days later, Israeli operatives hacked into television networks in Gaza and broadcast a fabricated clip of Mashal talking about his extravagant lifestyle. "In the name of Allah, most gracious, most compassionate," the clip had Mashal say, "I want to start by thanking the excellent staff of the kitchen at my hotel." He went on to explain how much his hotel room cost.

Simultaneously, the Israeli press published stories about widespread corruption within the Hamas leadership, alleging that Mashal and Abu Marzook embezzled as much as $2.5 billion each. Mashal has vehemently denied the corruption accusations.

Personal and family life
Mashal married in 1980 or 1981 and is the father of three daughters and four sons.  In 2023 he lived in Qatar, where he had moved in 2012.

Mashal's half-brother is the former Al-Sakhra Band singer and former Dallas Public Works and Transportation Department engineer Mufid Abdulqader.  Abduqalder is serving a 20-year prison sentence in the United States for funding Hamas through the Holy Land Foundation for Relief and Development.

Notes and references

Notes

Citations

Sources

Books

News

Interviews

Op-eds

Other

1956 births
Living people
Palestinian Muslims
Palestinian Sunni Muslims
Kuwait University alumni
Hamas leaders
Palestinian politicians
People from Silwad
Failed assassination attempts


title: Yousef Vakia

text:
Yousef Vakia () is an Iranian football defender who currently plays for Iranian football club Shahr Khodrou in the Persian Gulf Pro League.

Club career

Foolad
He started his career with Foolad from youth levels. Later he joined to first team by Hossein Faraki. He made his debut for Foolad in the first fixture of the 2014–15 Iran Pro League against Tractor Sazi as a starter.

Club career statistics

International career

U17

He played two marches at the 2010 Asian U16 Championships.

U20
He was part of Iran U–20 during 2012 AFC U-19 Championship qualification, 2012 CIS Cup, 2012 AFF U-19 Youth Championship and 2012 AFC U-19 Championship.

U23
He invited to Iran U-23 training camp by Nelo Vingada to preparation for Incheon 2014 and 2016 AFC U-22 Championship (Summer Olympic qualification). He named in Iran U23 final list for Incheon 2014.

Honours
Foolad
Iran Pro League (1): 2013–14

References

External links
Yousef Vakia at PersianLeague.com
 Yousef Vakia at IranLeague.ir

1993 births
Living people
Iranian men's footballers
People from Andimeshk
Foolad F.C. players
Persian Gulf Pro League players
Iran men's under-20 international footballers
Men's association football defenders
Footballers at the 2014 Asian Games
Asian Games competitors for Iran
Gol Gohar Sirjan F.C. players
Footballers from Khuzestan province


title: Wabash Cannonball Trail

text:
The Wabash Cannonball Trail is a rail to trail conversion in northwestern Ohio, U.S.  It is  long.  The North Fork of the Wabash Cannonball Trail is part of the North Coast Inland Trail, which plans to fully connect Indiana to Pennsylvania, and portions of the trail are included in the North Country National Scenic Trail.

History

The Wabash Railroad line used by the trail was first built in 1855, and service continued until 1969. The Norfolk Southern Railway then purchased it. The rails were finally abandoned in 1990. Local enthusiasts developed the idea of creating a public recreational trail and utility corridor. On March 24, 1994, the corridor was purchased from Norfolk Southern.

The name Wabash Cannonball stems from an 1882 American folk song about an imaginary train. No train actually had the name until 1949, when the Wabash Railroad actually named its Detroit-St. Louis day train the Cannon Ball.

Other rail-to-trail conversions of the Wabash Railroad in the Midwestern region include the Kiwanis Trail in Adrian, Michigan, the Wabash Heritage Trail in West Lafayette, Indiana, and the Wabash Trail in Sangamon County, Illinois.

Location

North Fork
The northern section of the trail roughly parallels both the Ohio Turnpike I-80/90 and US Route 20A for about  starting in Maumee, and extending through Monclova, Wauseon, and West Unity, ending at its western trailhead near Montpelier, Ohio.

South Fork
An additional  spur runs from Maumee southwest to near Liberty Center, Ohio. That trailhead has a parking area near Whitehouse, Ohio.

Condition
All portions of the trail in Lucas County are paved.  A  section of the trail in Fulton County, owned by the city of Wauseon, also is paved.  The remainder of the North Fork in Fulton and Williams counties are unpaved, as is the South Fork in Henry County.

Note that distance information about the trail differs slightly from one source to another based on whether missing sections of the trail are counted or not. Some sources say the north fork is  (not counting missing sections), others say  (counting the missing sections), and still others  (counting detour mileage).

References

External links
 Traillink: Wabash Cannonball Trail, North and South Fork
 Google Maps: Wabash Cannonball Trail (North Fork)
 Google Maps: Wabash Cannonball Trail (South Fork)

Rail trails in Ohio
Protected areas of Fulton County, Ohio
Protected areas of Lucas County, Ohio
Tourist attractions in Fulton County, Ohio
Tourist attractions in Lucas County, Ohio
Tourist attractions in Henry County, Ohio
Tourist attractions in Toledo, Ohio
Protected areas of Henry County, Ohio
Bike paths in Ohio
Rail trails in the United States
Metroparks Toledo


title: Frederick Charles Mow Fung

text:
Frederick Charles Mow Fung, alias Chung Yau Tak Mow Fung, was an Australian Chinese merchant in Hong Kong.

Biography
He began to live in Hong Kong from around 1895 and became one of the prominent residents in the colony. He was the partner of the Mow Fung & Company Limited. He was responsible for the formation and organisation of the war time Police Reserve. He was also appointed Assistant Superintendent of Police in command of the Chinese Company when the Police Reserve was formed in 1927. He was also responsible for the formation of the Chinese Special Constabulary which helped to government to maintain order during the Canton–Hong Kong strike in 1925.

F. C. Mow Fung was a Director of the Kwong Wah Hospital between 1925 and 1926. He was also member of the General Committee of the Kowloon Residents' Association and was elected Vice-President in 1929 and 1930 and President of the Association in March 1931, replacing Rev. J. Horace Johnston of the St. Andrew's Church.

F. C. Mow Fung ran for the Sanitary Board election in May 1932 against Dr. Li Shu Fan, which made it one of the few contested Sanitary Board elections in history. Mow Fung was nominated by the then President of the Kowloon Residents' Association W. Walton Rogers and seconded by E. Cook, the past President of the Association.

Mow Fung had been sued for occasions. In 1925 he was sued for wrongfully quarrying and removing granite from a group of Chinese contractors' land at Kowloon City. In 1948 he was sued for a transaction of property during the wartime.

He was a brother of Edward Mow Fung and Ruby Mow Fung.

References

Australian people of Chinese descent
Hong Kong people of Australian descent
Hong Kong businesspeople


title: Binny and the Ghost

text:
Binny and the Ghost () is a German crime-mystery television series for children and teenagers, which was produced by UFA Fiction for the Walt Disney Company (Germany). The series was created by producer Steffi Ackermann and author Vivien Hoppe. The first episode of the series premiered in Germany on March 23, 2013 on Disney Channel. The series finale aired on Disney Channel in Germany on May 15, 2016. The plot of the series was concluded in the last episode.

Plot
13-year-old Binny moves with her parents from Hamburg to Berlin into an ancient villa. There she discovers that her room is already inhabited by a 14-year-old ghost named Melchior. However, he doesn't know why he has been a ghost for over a hundred years. Melchior does not know the 21st century, and Binny does not understand Melchior, who was born in 1900. Finally, in order to get rid of the ghost that is completely upsetting her life, Binny decides to help Melchior uncover the secret about his past. Only in this way can Melchior be freed from his ghostly life. In the process, the two teenagers often get involved in dangerous situations and have to solve crimes together. Binny and Melchior help people as well as ghosts whose bodies are trapped in the human world as long as their last task is not fulfilled. And the Watch Hunters in particular want to prevent Binny and Melchior from discovering the truth about the magical watches and the spirit world.

Production

Development
In 2012, the German Disney Channel convinced the US parent company Disney that they be allowed to produce their own series of programs.  They searched for new ideas from independent production companies and were attracted by the pitch from  under the working title Binny und der Geist.  The idea for the series came from the producer Steffi Ackermann and the author Vivien Hoppe, while casting was carried out by Daniela Tolkien.  On 8 November 2012, the production of a pilot episode of Binny and the Ghost was confirmed.   became UFA Fiction in August 2013.

Filming
Shooting the pilot episode began on 9 November 2012 in Berlin and the surrounding area, followed by the first season of Binny and the Ghost. Filming of the first season continued until autumn 2014. The long timescale was due, among other reasons, to the availability of the main actors which was restricted to the school holidays. Filming of the second season began on 13 March 2015 and continued until the end of 2015. One episode of the second season was filmed in the zoo on the Reilsberg in Halle.

Cast and characters

Main
 Merle Juschka as Binny Baumann, a teen girl who tries to help Melchior with different problems.
 Johannes Hallervorden as Melchior von und zu Panke, a friendly and funny teen ghost.
 Katharina Kaali as Wanda Baumann, Binny's mother.
 Steffen Groth as Ronald Baumann, Binny's father.
 Eliz Tabea Thrun as Luca Schuster, Binny's friend and classmate.
 Stefan Weinert as Hubertus van Horas, the main antagonist of the first season.
 Stefan Becker as Bodo, Hubertus and Rhett's second-in-command.
 Robert Köhler as Rhett Thorn, the main antagonist of the second season.

Recurring
 Inga Busch as Steffi Schubert
 Anselm Bresgott as Mark
 Patrick von Blume as Principal Rötig
 Paul Maximilian Schüller as Martin
 Hoang Dang-Vu as Jan
 Lucas Reiber as Niklas Neudecker

Episodes

Series overview

Season 1 (2013–2015)

Season 2 (2016)

Release
Germany, Austria and Switzerland
The pilot episode of the series aired on March 23, 2013 on Disney Channel, which at the time was only available on pay TV. Season 1 first aired regularly from October 26, 2014 to January 18, 2015 on Disney Channel, which is now on free TV. The second and final season first aired on Disney Channel from April 10, 2016 to May 15, 2016. Seasons 1 and 2 were added to Disney+ on October 23, 2020.

Africa, Middle East and Balkans
The first season premiered on Disney Channel on December 13, 2014. Season 2 premiered on Disney Channel on July 7, 2016. In South Africa, seasons 1 and 2 were added to Disney+ on May 18, 2022.

UK and Ireland
The first season premiered on July 27, 2015 on Disney Channel under the title "Billie and the Ghost" and with a British-English dub. Season 2 premiered on Disney+ on May 18, 2022 and was released along with the first season under the title "Binny and the Ghost" and with English dubbing from the US.

United States and Canada
To date, the series has not been released in the United States or Canada.

Awards and nominations

Trivia
 In the United Kingdom and Ireland, the first season of the series was broadcast on the Disney Channel under the title Billie and the Ghost. In the British-English dub of the first season, created specifically for these two territories, Binny was renamed Billie and Melchior was renamed Malcolm.
 In the eighth episode of the first season, one horse is named Maximus, which is a reference to the horse Maximus from Disney's animated film Tangled. Both horses have the same fearless and brave personality, but differ in coat color.
 The third episode of the second season was filmed at the Bergzoo in Halle (Saale). Famous backdrops were the Humboldt penguin enclosure, the predator house as well as the seal enclosure and the skull monkey tunnel near the zoo entrance.

References

External links

 Binny and the Ghost at crew united
 Binny and the Ghost at Fernsehserien.de

2013 German television series debuts
2016 German television series endings
German crime television series
German comedy television series
German fantasy television series
German supernatural television series
Disney Channels Worldwide original programming
Television series by Disney
German-language Disney Channel original programming


title: Kat Green

text:
Kat Green (born Kathryn Greenblatt) is an American actress, composer, producer and writer. She's best known for being the first woman to play Marvel Comics' Alicia Masters in The Fantastic Four in 1994, directed by Oley Sassone and co-produced by Roger Corman.

Career

Kathryn Greenblatt tried her hand at acting beginning in 1988 by shortening her name down to Kate Green and then to Kat Green, but she stopped by 1994. She has continued to work on as a composer, producer and sometimes a writer for various television series and a few movies as a supervisor.

Her composer and producer credits include; Nearlyweds, A TV Movie in 2013, 1 episode of CBS Schoolbreak Special which also guest starred in, a mini-series called Hotel Room as a production assistant for 1 episode, helping with the music composing for 5 episodes of Disney's American Dragon: Jake Long and the movie Pucked from 2006 which starred Jon Bon Jovi.

She also did some more soundtrack work on a reality show called Born to Drive, another film called Nonames as well as Catch That Kid, Intoxicating, Clover Bend, She's All That with Freddie Prinze Jr., and Chuck & Buck.

Filmography

Sources
http://spinoff.comicbookresources.com/2014/01/13/watch-trailer-for-doomed-untold-story-of-roger-cormans-fantastic-four-film/

External links

Living people
20th-century American actresses
American film actresses
American television actresses
American film score composers
American television composers
American women film score composers
Women television composers
American women screenwriters
Year of birth missing (living people)
21st-century American women musicians


title: Fred Bullock (golfer)

text:
George Frederick Bullock (12 August 1918 – November 2006) was an English professional golfer. He died from motor neurone disease. He finished in the top-10 four times in The Open Championship: T-8 in 1938, T-7 in 1950, 8th in 1952, and T-2 in 1959.

Until late 1946 he was an assistant professional at Holyhead Golf Club on Anglesey, Wales where his father George was the professional. Aged 17, he was runner-up in the 1936 Welsh Professional Championship at Prestatyn, behind Fred Lloyd. After two years as professional at Otley Golf Club he became playing assistant professional at Royal Lytham & St Annes Golf Club and then the professional at Glasgow Golf Club in late 1950. At the end of 1955 he moved to Moortown Golf Club. He was later the club professional at Prestwick St Ninians, Caird Park Golf Club and Largs Golf Club.

He had two children: Sandra, who caddied for him in the 1959 Open, and Freida.

Results in major championships

Note: Bullock only played in The Open Championship.

NT = No tournament
CUT = missed the half-way cut
"T" indicates a tie for a place

References

English male golfers
Sportspeople from Warwickshire
Neurological disease deaths in England
Deaths from motor neuron disease
1918 births
2006 deaths


title: George Mearns

text:
George Mearns (April 18, 1922 – December 27, 1997) was an American professional basketball player. He played for the Providence Steamrollers in the 1946–47 and 1947–48 seasons of the Basketball Association of America. He played in the November 2, 1946 game against the Boston Celtics, which was the Celtics franchise's first-ever game. Providence won the game 59–53.

Mearns, while a senior at Westerly High School in 1939–40, scored 62 points in a 158–12 win over arch rival Stonington High School.

BAA career statistics

Regular season

References

1922 births
1997 deaths
American men's basketball players
Basketball players from Rhode Island
Forwards (basketball)
People from Westerly, Rhode Island
Providence Steamrollers players
Rhode Island Rams men's basketball players


title: C/T Group

text:
The C|T Group, also referred to as Crosby Textor, is an Australian lobbying firm, and political consultancy. The firm provides social research, corporate strategy and political polling services to its clients.

The firm has historically been associated with mainstream right-wing political parties across the world, and has a particularly strong association with the Liberal Party of Australia.

Crosby Textor was founded by Mark Textor and Lynton Crosby. The firm provides its services throughout the world, but its most notable markets are that of Canada, Australia, Britain, Africa, Italy and New Zealand.

History & operations
The firm has been involved in numerous prominent political campaigns; providing polling and strategy services to political parties. The clientele of the firm has historically been right wing.

Examples of political campaigns in which the firm has operated include:

 Boris Johnson's successful London Mayoral campaign in 2008.
 Liberal party operations and strategy for the 2010 and 2013 Australian federal election campaigns.
 Campbell Newman's Liberal National Party election campaign in the 2012 Queensland election.
 The 2012 Northern Territory election, which was won by the Country Liberal Party.
 In 2014 the firm published polling which demonstrated that most Australians were in favour of legalising same-sex marriage. In June 2020, the firm undertook polling research in relation to the proposed Indigenous voice to Parliament; finding that a majority of Australians support a constitutionally-enshrined Voice to Parliament.
 In 2017 British Prime Minister Theresa May announced that Crosby would play a leading role in the Conservatives' campaign for the 2017 general election. The Conservatives failed to secure an outright majority and author Hannah Jane described Crosby as running a "disastrous, horrendously negative campaign".
In 2019, an investigation by The Guardian revealed that to further the political objectives of its clients, C|T Group created ostensibly independent social media accounts  behind adverts on Facebook to promote political ideas, such as promoting a hard Brexit which were in fact administered by employees of CTF Partners (a subsidiary).

See also
Isaac Levido
Hawker Britton

References

Further reading
 The Guardian's articles on Lynton Crosby

External links

Companies based in Sydney
Companies based in the City of Westminster
Polling companies


title: Every Man Needs One

text:
Every Man Needs One is a 1972 made-for-television romantic comedy film. It was first shown December 13, 1972, on ABC as an ABC Movie of the Week.

Some of the film was filmed on location in Malibu, California.

The film was produced and directed by Jerry Paris, who also had a cameo as David's drinking buddy.

Plot
RV park architect David Chase is looking to hire another architect to assist him. Also working for him is sexy secretary Nancy, who he’s sleeping with, and draftsman Walt, who can’t pass the architect licensing exam because he’s extremely insecure. David's mother is badgering him to get married, mentioning Louise, his fiancée from 12 years earlier. The first interview is with highly qualified candidate E.L. Walden, and David is surprised when it turns out to be attractive blonde Elizabeth Lee “Beth” Walden. He brushes her off and she files a complaint with a fair employment commission. When told that the penalty for a judgment against him would be a court order that he hire her for 30 days, he laughingly agrees to hire her for that term.

Beth shows up early the next morning in her truck camper and begins to move her drawing board and supplies into the office. David is outraged by her self-confidence and her outdoorsy attire. Beth gives advice to Nancy that causes her to cut off David’s advances, as well as advice to Walt that settles his nervousness. When Beth criticizes David’s latest design, he’s even more outraged.

David goes drinking with his friend Marty, who advises him that Beth just needs David to “make a real woman out of her.” He drunkenly goes to Beth’s apartment, where she rebuffs him and he finally passes out. After an argument the next day where Beth says he’s insecure, David angrily rides his motorcycle to the job site, but crashes on a back road. He wakes to see that Beth had tracked him down. Driving him back in her camper, she swerves to avoid a sudden obstacle and the truck gets stuck in a ditch. Beth suggests spending the night then walking back to town the next day to call for a tow truck. David doesn’t want to wait and begins walking back himself. He returns 90 minutes later, having gotten lost and walking around until he saw the camper’s light. They get drunk on a bottle of champagne in the camper and sleep together. David is upset when Beth dismisses the night as being without any emotional involvement, using the same speech that David always told Nancy. He feels objectified.

Realizing that he is falling for her, he suggests that they get better acquainted. Over the next weeks, they do fall in love. After they sleep together again, David’s mother calls and says Louise is in town and wants to meet him. Beth insists that David and Louise should get together and even sleep together so they can resolve any feelings between them. When David objects, they argue and Beth says she’s going to Mammoth Mountain with Bob Rasmussen, a “very tall and Nordic” ski instructor.

Louise arrives and she is a marijuana-smoking divorcée. She tells David that she married somebody else because he didn’t pursue her strongly enough. David realizes his foolishness and speeds to Mammoth to get Beth. Checking various hotels, he finds the room Bob is in and finds a wimpy man. He manhandles Bob, who says Beth never went to the room and just went to Mammoth to make “some idiot” jealous, but when David didn’t show up, she became depressed, so Bob put her on a bus back to Los Angeles. David gets back in his Porsche and pursues the bus. Beth is thrilled when he pulls alongside. The bus driver refuses to stop, citing all sorts of crazy threats like hijacking, but eventually relents. Beth gets off and they embrace. Beth laments that she left her luggage on the bus, but David suggests they drive two hours to Nevada and get married instead. Beth accepts.

Cast

References

ABC Movie of the Week
1972 television films
1972 films
1972 romantic comedy films
Films directed by Jerry Paris
Films scored by Jack Elliott
Films shot in Los Angeles County, California
1970s English-language films
American romantic comedy films
1970s American films
English-language romantic comedy films


title: British migration to France

text:
British migration to France has resulted in France being home to one of the largest British-born populations outside the United Kingdom. Migration from the UK to France has increased rapidly from the 1990s onwards. Estimates of the number of British citizens living in France vary from 170,000 to 250,000. Besides Paris, many British expatriates tend to be concentrated in the regions of southern France, Brittany, and recently the island of Corsica. Dordogne has a large British immigrant community. The region has between 5,000 and 10,000 British residents and 800 British entrepreneurs, drawn by the French lifestyle, warm climate, and lower cost of living.

Demographics

Population size
There are conflicting estimates of the size of the British community in France. Estimates range from 172,000 to 400,000.  The main destinations of British migration to France apart from Paris are rural areas of France and the southern areas of the country. The major regions chosen by this community are Nouvelle-Aquitaine, Occitanie, Brittany and Corsica. In Eymet, Dordogne, British immigrants account for a third of the local population, and in Saint-Nom-la-Bretèche and l'Etang-la-Ville in the Yvelines department near Paris, are a large proportion of UK nationals.

Today
In 2014, the National Statistics Institute (INSEE, for its acronym in French) published a study, reporting that there are double the number of British immigrants, this increase having resulted from the financial crisis that affected several countries in Europe in that period; as a result, this has driven up the number of Europeans living in France. The number of British immigrants in France increased by 50% between 2009 and 2012.

Other European immigrants in France: Portuguese 8%, British 5%, Spanish 5%, Italians 4%, Germans 4%, Romanians 3%, Belgians 3%. Displaced workers of Europe in France are: Poles (18% of the total), followed by the Portuguese people (15%) and Romanians (13%).

Notable people

See also
French migration to the United Kingdom
France–United Kingdom relations
Swiss migration to France

References

France
European diaspora in France


The Italy women's national field hockey team represents Italy in international field hockey competitions. The team is currently ranked 17th in the FIH World Rankings, with 623 points.

History
Field hockey was first introduced in Italy in 1935, and has since grown in popularity within the country.

In July 2017, at the 2016–17 Hockey World League Semifinals in Brussels, Belgium, the Italian women's team secured qualification for the 2018 Hockey World Cup. This is the first major international tournament Italy have qualified for since the 1976 Hockey World Cup, where the team finished 10th.

Tournament history

Current roster
The following 18 players were named in the Italian squad for the 2022 FIH Nations Cup in Valencia.

Head coach:  Robert Justus

References

External links
Official website
FIH profile

Field hockey
Nationla team
European women's national field hockey teams


title: Valid Mashaeizadeh

text:
Valid Mashaeizadeh () is an Iranian football midfielder who plays for Niroo Zamini on loan from Foolad.

Club career

Foolad
He started his career with Foolad from youth levels. Later he joined to first team by Hossein Faraki. He made his debut for Foolad in the first fixture of the 2014–15 Iran Pro League against Tractor Sazi as a substitute, where he assisted Leonard Mesarić to score Foolad's only goal.

Club career statistics

International career

U17

He played two marches at the 2010 Asian U16 Championships.

U20
He was part of Iran U–20 during 2012 AFC U-19 Championship qualification, 2012 CIS Cup, 2012 AFF U-19 Youth Championship and 2012 AFC U-19 Championship.

U23
He invited to Iran U-23 training camp by Nelo Vingada to preparation for Incheon 2014 and 2016 AFC U-22 Championship (Summer Olympic qualification).

Honours
Foolad
Iran Pro League (1): 2013–14

References

External links
 Valid Mashaeizadeh at PersianLeague.com
 Valid Mashaeizadeh at IranLeague.ir

1993 births
Living people
Iranian men's footballers
Foolad F.C. players
Footballers from Ahvaz
Iran men's under-20 international footballers
Men's association football midfielders


title: Deenabandhu

text:
Deenabandhu is a defunct Malayalam language newspaper printed daily and published from the Thrissur city, Kerala in India. The newspaper was the first periodicals published from Kingdom of Cochin which supported the Indian Independence Movement.

History
Deenabandhu was started as a weekly on 26 January 1941 from Thrissur city with V. R. Krishnan Ezhuthachan as editor-in-chief. The newspaper was named after Charles Freer Andrews, known affectionately as Deenbandhu or Friend of the Poor, a name given by Mahatma Gandhi for his contributions to the Indian Independence Movement.
 Majority of the news came from the political movements from the Kochi state. The paper was also official organ of the Cochin Prajamandalam. During the Quit India Movement, the Editor and the staff were imprisoned. Later, the Deenabandu resumed publication in 1944 after the release of its staff from jail. In January 1946, the Deenabandu was turned into a daily newspaper and was shifted to Ernakulam. In 1962 due to financial difficulties, Deenabandu ceased publication.

References

Mass media in Thrissur
Malayalam-language newspapers
1941 establishments in India
1962 disestablishments in India
Newspapers established in 1941
Publications disestablished in 1962
Defunct newspapers published in India
Defunct Malayalam-language newspapers


title: Alfa TV (Macedonian TV channel)

text:
Alfa TV () is a privately owned TV station in North Macedonia. Its headquarters is in Skopje, and the program director until 2018 was Ljubomir Nikolovski. Since 2018, the director is Vasko Eftov.

The station is considered to be supportive of former Prime Minister Nikola Gruevski of the VMRO-DPMNE party and to be majority-owned by Peter Schatz, a Hungarian media tycoon closely allied with Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orbán. The station and the Schatz-owned web portal Ripostmk.com are currently under investigation by North Macedonian authorities due to running expensive ads worth €3.2 million for small Hungarian companies linked to Schatz and to have used the money to push support for Gruevski in 2017, while disproportionally undermining the government of Zoran Zaev.

Alfa TV has also received criticism from the civic fact-checking organization F2N2 for promoting misinformation concerning foreign investment and Russian influence in the country.

Alfa TV has been Broadcast for Spanish League La Liga

Line-up

News shows

 Balances (Macedonian: Биланси)
 News (Macedonian: Вести )
 Evropanorama (Macedonian: Европанорама)

Alfa TV Production

 Heath factor (Macedonian: Фактор здравје)
 Day is starting (Macedonian: Почнува ден)
 Puls with Ana Jovkovska (Macedonian: „Пулс“ со Ана Јовковска)
 Planet football (Macedonian: Планет фудбал)
 Alfa TV Concerts (Macedonian: Алфа ТВ Концерти)
 Peninsula (Macedonian: Полуостров)
 Mokosh (Macedonian: Мокош)
Spanish League (Macedonian Шпанска лига) - La Liga

Entertainment

 Sunny steps (Macedonian: Сунчане скале)
 Host, get married! (Macedonian: Домаќине, ожени се!)
 Evening with Vesna (Macedonian: Вечер со Весна - ток шоу)
 One kiss - Top list (Macedonian: Еден бакнеж - Топ листа)
 Labor Action (Macedonia: Работна акција - реалити шоу)
 Mission [Im]possible (Macedonian: [Не]возможна мисија)
 Down, Down (Macedonian: Зајди, зајди)
 Show of all times (Macedonian: Шоу на сите времиња)
 One on One (Macedonian: Еден на еден)

Foreign TV Shows

 Brazil Avenue (Macedonia: Авенија на љубовта)
 Stolen Love (Macedonian: Украдена љубов)
 Secrets (Macedonian: Тајни)
 Sisters (Macedonian: Сестри)
 Jurnal of Feride (Macedonian: Дневникот на Фериде)
 The Company (Macedonian: Компанијата)
 Mahmut and Meriem (Macedonian: Махмут и Мерием)
 Folk (Macedonian: Фолк)
 Abyss of love (Macedonian: Амбис на љубовта)
 Rejected (Macedonian: Отфрлена)

Documentary

 Alfa action (Macedonian:Алфа акција)
 Unit (Macedonian: Единица)
 Unaired stories (Macedonian: Необјавени приказни)
 Family secrets (Macedonian: Семејни тајни - нова сезона)
 Miscalls of Jesus (Macedonian: Чудата на Исус)
 Atenbrough: 60 years if the wild (Macedonian: Атенбороу: 60 години во дивината)
 Ice planet (Macedonian: Ледена планета)
 Europe: A Natural History (Macedonian: Дивата Европа)
 Opus Dei - Code of DaVinci (Macedonian: Опус Деи - Кодот на Да Винчи)
 Survival - Marine sniper (Macedonian: Преживување - Маринец снајперист)

External links
 Website

References

Television channels in North Macedonia


title: United Breast Cancer Foundation

text:
United Breast Cancer Foundation (UBCF), founded in October 2000, is a national nonprofit organization headquartered in Huntington, New York.

Overview
Founded in October 2000, the United Breast Cancer Foundation (UBCF) is a national 501(c)(3) nonprofit that began as a small grassroots organization serving low-income, under and uninsured women and men in New York. UBCF has grown to serve women, men and their families across the country as a national philanthropic organization. UBCF has been a Combined Federal Campaign-approved charity since 2013.

Fundraising
UBCF reported total income of $35,342,874 for the year ending December 31, 2021. It has received a Three-Star rating of "Good" from Charity Navigator, based on an assessment of its financial health and governance policies.

In 2013, the United Breast Cancer Foundation was ranked No. 35 on a list of "America's Worst Charities" compiled by The Center for Investigative Reporting and The Tampa Bay Times. The rankings were based on how much they spent on fundraising. UBCF spent $7.2 million of the $12.7 million it had raised in 2014 on professional fundraising consultants.

The organization has been criticized for highly aggressive street marketing tactics under investigation by the NYS Attorney General's Office.

The founder and executive director of UBCF is Stephanie Mastroianni, who was inspired to form the organization after her mother died from breast cancer at the age of 42. Mastroianni is not a volunteer and is one of the highest paid non-profit leaders in the world at $324,500. According to the organization's IRS Form 990, the board is stacked with family members: Mastroianni, her father, Nicholas Mastroianni Sr., and her brother, Nicholas Mastroianni Jr., who comprise the three members of the board of directors.

References

External links
 United Breast Cancer Foundation website

Non-profit organizations based in New York (state)
Medical and health foundations in the United States
Cancer charities in the United States
Breast cancer organizations
Organizations established in 2000
2000 establishments in New York City
Medical and health organizations based in New York (state)