not enter the towns, most were obliged to resettle in the Homelands, evenif
they had never been there before. In several cases, the government started
new townships alongside existing urban complexes and treated them as
parts of Homelands, as in Mdantsane in the Ciskei outside East London
and Umlazi in KwaZulu outside Durban. In other cases, displaced people
were congregated so densely in Homelands, far from the existing urban
complexes, that they formed new townships. In 1980,
in the tiny Sotho
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