THESEGREGATIONERA
the farm. Labor bureaus should be created to harness African labor to meet
the demands of both rural and urban employers. And the migrant system
should be extended,
not reduced. Urban African workers should not be
accompanied
by their families.U'-
The label given to this policy was
Apartheid, a coined word that Afrikaner intellectuals had begun to use in
the 1930s.103 It means, simply, Apartness.
In comparison
with its opponents'
preparation
for the election, the
United party campaign was feeble. Smuts, at seventy-eight, was tired and
out of touch. Apart from Hofmeyr, the other members of the cabinet were
inefficient and complacent.
Unlike the Sauer report, the Fagan report was
unclear and alarming
to many Whites. In accepting Africans, including
African women, as a permanent
element in the urban population
and in
rejecting influx control, it aroused racial fears. The National
party's elec-
tion propaganda
repeatedly
pilloried
Hofmeyr, Smuts's deputy, charac-
terizing him as an extreme liberal under whom the South African popula-
tion would be bastardized
if he became prime minister. 104
When the votes were counted, the National party had won seventy seats,
mainly rural, and the United party had won sixty-five seats, mainly urban.