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35. Francis Wilson and Mamphela Rarnphele, Uprooting Poverty: The South
African Challenge (New York and London, 1989).
36. Wilson and Ramphele, "Hunger and Sickness," in Uprooting Poverty,99-
185; Aziza Seedat, Crippling a Nation: Health in Apartheid South Africa (London,
1984),9,
87· Seealso S. R. Benatar, "Medicine and Health Care in South Africa,"
New England Journal of Medicine 315:8 (1986): 527-32;
Mervyn Sussner and
Violet Padayachi Cherry, "Health and Health Care under Apartheid," Journal of
Public Health Policy 3:4 (1982): 455-75;
Shula Marks and Nell Anderson, "Dis-
eases of Apartheid," in South Africa in Question, 172-99;
World Health Organi-
zation, Health and Apartheid (Geneva, 1983); H. M. Coovadia and C. C.Jinabhai,
"The Pestilence of Health Care: Black Death and Sufferingunder White Rule," in
Repression and Resistance, 86-116.
37. Seedat, Crippling a Nation, 9, 25-26.
Official health statistics in South
Africa, especially for Africans, are incomplete and often suspect. Wilson and
Ramphele give the following average infant mortality rates for South Africa in
1978: White 23, Asian 41, Coloured 139, African 136 ("Children in South Af-
rica," 43). Benatar givesthe following infant mortality rates for South Africa in an