founded a new National party, committed to protecting the cultural and
economic interests of Afrikaners and dissociating South Africa from the
empire. Hertzog's support came mainly from lower-class Afrikaners-
marginal farmers who resented exploitation by rich landholders and peo-
ple who had been dislodged from the land and were hard put to make ends
meet in the towns. Afrikaner intellectuals, insecure in the face of angliciza-
tion and urbanization, also supported Hertzog; so did some lawyers, busi-
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