grandiose
goals but failed to design realistic pro-
grams of action, became corrupt and quarrelsome,
and lost touch with the
masses. Kadalie himself drew a salary of thirty pounds a month, at least
sixty times that of many farm laborers; some Africans came to regard him
as "a great cheat."69 The movement disintegrated into numerous uncoordi-
nated segments and petered out in the early 1930S. "It all ended up in
speeches," according to a former tenant laborer in the Transvaal. 70
176