THEAPARTHEIDERA
headquarters
in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. The Liberation
Committee
es-
tablished camps for refugees from South Africa and provided them with
education
and military training.
But although
the new African regimes
earnestly desired to eradicate
apartheid,
they lacked the means to do so.
They were weak regimes, preoccupied with survival. Singly or in combina-
tion, they could not match South Africa's military power. In varying de-
grees all of South Africa's neighbors
were economically
dependent
on
South Africa. Lesotho was exceptionally
vulnerable.
Entirely surrounded
by South Africa, its main source of income came from the wages its people
earned in white South African mines and factories and on white South
African farms. Even Zambia
imported
food from South Africa and ex-
ported half of its copper-the
source of 95 percent of its export-earnings-
via South African railroads and South African ports.f?
Down to 1978, international
opposition
to apartheid,
though strong in
rhetoric, was weak in substance. The South African government mustered
an effective response to the challenges resulting from changes in the world
order. The response
included
skillfully formulated
ideological
compo-
nents. As decolonization
swept through tropical Africa, Verwoerd present-