27. Charles Ballard, "Economic Distress, Social Transformation and the
Drought Factor in South African History, 1800-1830: With Particular Reference
to the Societies of Natal and Zululand" (manuscript, 1986).
28. Guy, "Ecological Factors."
29. Lugunza, in The James Stuart Archive of Recorded Oral Evidence Relating
to the History of the Zulu and Neighboring Peoples, ed. C. de B. Webb and J.B.
Wright,3 vols. (Pietermaritzburg, 1976, 1979, 1981), 1:342.
30. Baleka, in Stuart Archive, 1:8.
3I. Twowhite traders wrote accounts of their visitsto Shaka: Nathaniel Isaacs,
Travels and Adventure in Eastern Africa, 2 vols. (London, 1836; new ed., Cape
Town, 1935- 36).,and Henry Francis Fynn, The Diary of Henry FrancisFynn, ed.J.
Stuart and D. Mck. Malcolm (Pietermaritzburg, 1950). Isaacs stressed the sensa-
tional, brutal aspects of Shaka's behavior; Fynn was more reliable, but his original
manuscript was lost, and he wrote the surviving manuscript from memory many
years later. There are additional documents in John Bird, The Annals of Natal:
I495 to I845, 2 vols. (Pietermaritzburg, 1888) 1:60-7 1, 73-93, 95-124. The
oral evidence collected by James Stuart, a Natal civilservant, in the late nineteenth
and early twentieth centuries has been skillfullyedited in TheJames Stuart Archive.