57
Chinese labor, 144-45
Ciskei, 72, 80, 156, 191, 203, 226,
229,254
Citizenship, 92, 137, 19 1
Clans, 13- 14, 17
Classes: precolonial, 14; in Cape
Colony, 35,38-4°,45,48,
51,66;
in colonial Natal and Afrikaner re-
publics, 97, 101; I870-I948,
112,
117- 18, 147,155,158,
171; under
apartheid, 200-201,
223 -24, 228
Clayton, Geoffrey, 198
Clergy, 243, 275
Clientage: in precolonial societies, 23-
24, 29; in Cape Colony, 38, 48; pre-
I94 8, 122; post-I948,
191, 207,
222
Coal-mining industry, III,
154, 217
Coetsee, Kobie, 245
Collins, Richard, 54, 73
Color bars, 152, 155, 157, 167, 180-
81, 207
Coloured People: terminology, x, 65-
66,7 0, 113, 17 1;I9
I O-7 8, 171,
187, 19° , 194, 196 - 97, 201- 4,
208; post-I978,
222, 224-26,
228,
238,24 2,24 6,261
Commandos: in Cape Colony, 49,58,
60; in Afrikaner republics, 72, 88,
90-92,
103, 106; I870-I9IO,
122,13 0,133-35,14
2-43,145;
pos~I9I~160,231-32
Commission for the Restitution of
Land Rights, 266. See also Land
reform
Commonwealth, 188,214,232-34,
236,279
Concentration camps, 143
Congress of Democrats, 208-9
Congress of South African Students,
292-93
Congress of South African Trade
Unions (COSATU), 225, 236, 238,
247,25°,25
1,282,29°
Congress of the People, 208
Conservative party (South Africa),
234,237,247,25
2-55