factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially include , but are not limited to , those discussed under “ risk factors ” in this report . we also face risks and uncertainties relating to our business including : our ability to obtain additional financing in future offerings ; our operating losses ; our collaboration with roche pursuant to the license agreement to develop and commercialize prx002 , as well as any future licensed products targeting alpha-synuclein ; our ability to successfully complete research and development of our drug candidates and the growth of the markets for those drug candidates ; our ability to develop and commercialize products before competitors that are superior to the alternatives developed by such competitors ; expected activities and responsibilities of us and roche under the license agreement ; our potential receipt of revenue under the license agreement , including milestone and royalty revenue ; the satisfaction of conditions under the license agreement required for continued commercialization , and the payment of potential milestone payments , royalties and fulfillment of other roche obligations under the license agreement ; expectations with respect to our intent and ability to carry out plans to promote prx002 for the treatment of parkinson 's disease in the united states through our co-promotion option under the license agreement ; our ability to protect our patents and other intellectual property ; loss of key employees ; tax treatment of our separation from elan , now owned by perrigo , and subsequent distribution of our ordinary shares ; restrictions on our taking certain actions due to tax rules and covenants with elan ; our ability to maintain financial flexibility and sufficient cash , cash equivalents , and investments and other assets capable of being monetized to meet our liquidity requirements ; disruptions in the u.s. and global capital and credit markets ; fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates ; extensive government regulation ; the volatility of our share price ; business disruptions caused by information technology failures ; and the other risks and uncertainties described in part ii , item 1 , “ risk factors . ” we undertake no obligation to revise or update any forward-looking statements to reflect any event or circumstance that arises after the date of this report , or to conform such statements to actual results or changes in our expectations . except with respect to our trademarks , the trademarks , trade names and service marks appearing in this report are the property of their respective owners . 38 this discussion should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes presented in item 8 of this form 10-k. overview we are a clinical stage biotechnology company focused on the discovery , development and commercialization of novel antibodies for the potential treatment of diseases that involve protein misfolding or cell adhesion . we focus on therapeutic monoclonal antibodies directed specifically to disease causing proteins . our antibody-based product candidates target a number of potential indications including al and aa forms of amyloidosis ( neod001 ) , parkinson 's disease and related synucleinopathies ( prx002 ) and novel cell adhesion targets involved in inflammatory diseases and cancers ( prx003 ) . we initiated a phase 1 clinical trial for neod001 , with the first successful patient dosing in april 2013. the phase 1 clinical trial of neod001 is evaluating its safety and tolerability in patients with al amyloidosis . we also plan to initiate phase 1 clinical trials for prx002 and prx003 in 2014 and 2015 , respectively . our strategy is to identify antibody candidates for clinical development and commercialization by applying our extensive expertise in generating novel therapeutic antibodies and working with collaborators having expertise in specific animal models of disease . we are a public limited company formed under the laws of ireland . we separated from elan corporation limited ( formerly elan corporation , plc ) , or elan , which subsequently became a wholly owned subsidiary of perrigo company plc , or perrigo , on december 20 , 2012. our ordinary shares began trading on the nasdaq global market under the symbol “ prta ” on december 21 , 2012 and currently trade on the nasdaq global select market . our business consists of a substantial portion of elan 's former drug discovery business platform , including neotope biosciences limited and its wholly owned subsidiaries onclave therapeutics limited and prothena biosciences inc ( which for the period prior to separation and distribution we refer to herein as the “ prothena business ” ) . prior to december 21 , 2012 , the prothena business operated as part of elan and not as a separate stand-alone entity . our financial statements for the periods prior to december 21 , 2012 have been derived from elan 's historical accounting records and reflect significant allocations of direct costs and expenses . all of the allocations and estimates in these financial statements are based on assumptions that we believe are reasonable . however , the financial statements do not necessarily represent our financial position or results of operations had we been operating as a separate independent entity . see “ critical accounting policies and estimates ” below as well as note 2 of the “ notes to the consolidated financial statements ” included in item 8 of this form 10-k. recent developments collaboration with roche in december 2013 , we entered into a license , development , and commercialization agreement , or the license agreement , with f. hoffmann-la roche ltd and hoffmann-la roche inc. , or collectively , roche , to develop and commercialize certain antibodies that target alpha-synuclein , including prx002 , which are referred to collectively as “ licensed products . story_separator_special_tag this is due to the numerous risks and uncertainties associated with developing drugs , including the uncertainty of : the scope , rate of progress and expense of our drug discovery efforts and other r & d activities ; the potential benefits of our product candidates over other therapies ; clinical trial results ; and the terms and timing of regulatory approvals . a change in the outcome of any of these variables with respect to the development of a product candidate could mean a significant change in the costs and timing associated with the development of that product candidate . for example , if the fda or other regulatory authority were to require us to conduct clinical trials beyond those which we currently anticipate will be required for the completion of clinical development of a product candidate or if we experience significant delays in enrollment in any clinical trials , we could be required to expend significant additional financial resources and time on the completion of clinical development . the following table sets forth the r & d expenses for our major program ( specifically , any program with successful first patient dosing in a phase 1 clinical trial ) , neod001 , and other r & d expenses for the years ended december 31 , 2013 , 2012 , and 2011 , and the cumulative amounts to date ( in thousands ) : replace_table_token_5_th ( 1 ) cumulative r & d costs to date for neod001 include the costs incurred from the date when the program has been separately tracked in preclinical development . expenditures in early discovery stage are not tracked by program and accordingly have been excluded from this cumulative amount . ( 2 ) other r & d is comprised of preclinical development and discovery programs that have not had successful first patient dosing in a phase 1 clinical trial , including prx002 and prx003 , and research costs we incurred in providing research services to elan 's elnd005 program . general and administrative expenses our g & a expenses increased by $ 5.1 million , or 52 % , for the year ended december 31 , 2013 compared to the prior year . g & a expenses consisted primarily of professional services fees ( including payments to elan under a transitional services agreement ) , internal personnel costs and share-based compensation expense of $ 2.1 million for the year ended december 31 , 2013 . for the periods prior to december 21 , 2012 , g & a expenses were presented on a “ carve-out ” basis as the prothena business consisted of a substantial portion of elan 's former drug discovery business platform . accordingly , g & a expenses during the year ended december 31 , 2012 consisted of $ 2.2 million of direct expense incurred by the prothena business and $ 7.7 million of indirect expenses which was based on an allocation to the prothena business by elan . g & a expenses increased by $ 4.4 million , or 78 % in 2012 compared to 2011 . the increase was primarily due to increases in support costs allocated to the prothena business by elan . the company expects g & a expenses to increase modestly in 2014 over the prior year as the result of increases in personnel , legal and other administrative expenses associated with a growing public company . 43 other income ( expense ) replace_table_token_6_th nm = not meaningful interest income increased by $ 66,000 for the year ended december 31 , 2013 compared to the prior year primarily due to interest earned on our cash and money market accounts . for the years ended december 31 , 2012 and 2011 , no interest income was allocated to the prothena business by elan . other income ( expense ) , net was primarily made up of foreign exchange losses from transactions with vendors denominated in euros . provision for income taxes replace_table_token_7_th subsequent to the separation from elan , we began to file our own u.s. and foreign income tax returns and income taxes are presented in the consolidated financial statements using the asset and liability method prescribed by the accounting guidance for income taxes . prior to the separation from elan , income taxes as presented in the consolidated financial statements represented current and deferred income taxes of elan attributed to us in a manner that is systematic , rational and consistent with the asset and liability method prescribed by the accounting guidance for income taxes . our income tax provision prior to the separation from elan was prepared under the “ separate return method . ” the separate return method applies the accounting guidance for income taxes to the standalone financial statements as if we were a separate taxpayer and a standalone enterprise . the tax provision for the years ended december 31 , 2013 , 2012 and 2011 was $ 415,000 , $ 6,000 and $ 426,000 , respectively . the tax provision reflects u.s. federal taxes associated with nominal , recurring profits attributable to intercompany services that the company 's u.s. subsidiary performs for the company . no tax benefit has been recorded related to tax losses recognized in ireland and any deferred tax assets for those losses are offset by a valuation allowance . story_separator_special_tag style= `` font-family : inherit ; font-size:10pt ; font-style : italic ; `` > cash used in operating activities net cash used in operating activities was $ 32.1 million , $ 42.1 million and $ 19.7 million for the years ended december 31 , 2013 , 2012 and 2011 , respectively , in each case consisting primarily of net losses ( adjusted to exclude non-cash charges ) and changes in working capital accounts . the decrease in cash used in operating activities from the prior year was primarily due to fact that in the prior year more cash was used to settle liabilities at the end of

liquidity and capital resources overview replace_table_token_8_th prior to the separation and distribution , our operating and capital resource requirements were funded by elan . as part of the separation and distribution , elan made a cash investment in us of $ 99.0 million , which we have been using to fund working capital expenses and for other general corporate purposes . additionally , a wholly-owned subsidiary of elan made a cash payment of $ 26.0 million to subscribe for 18 % of our outstanding ordinary shares ( as calculated immediately following the subscription ) . 44 working capital was $ 170.8 million at december 31 , 2013 , an increase of $ 46.7 million from working capital as of december 31 , 2012 . this increase was principally attributable to a higher net cash and cash equivalents balance of $ 51.8 million due primarily to the net proceeds from the october 2013 equity financing discussed below , partially offset by a $ 1.5 million increase in accrued research and development and a $ 4.2 million increase in accounts payable and other current liabilities . as of december 31 , 2013 , we had $ 176.7 million in cash and cash equivalents .


 Write a concise suspicious activity report of the following text delimited by triple backquotes. Return your response as a formal report which covers the key points highlighting the location,dates,entity names and account holder information in chronological order of the text.
     ```liquidity and capital resources overview replace_table_token_8_th prior to the separation and distribution , our operating and capital resource requirements were funded by elan . as part of the separation and distribution , elan made a cash investment in us of $ 99.0 million , which we have been using to fund working capital expenses and for other general corporate purposes . additionally , a wholly-owned subsidiary of elan made a cash payment of $ 26.0 million to subscribe for 18 % of our outstanding ordinary shares ( as calculated immediately following the subscription ) . 44 working capital was $ 170.8 million at december 31 , 2013 , an increase of $ 46.7 million from working capital as of december 31 , 2012 . this increase was principally attributable to a higher net cash and cash equivalents balance of $ 51.8 million due primarily to the net proceeds from the october 2013 equity financing discussed below , partially offset by a $ 1.5 million increase in accrued research and development and a $ 4.2 million increase in accounts payable and other current liabilities . as of december 31 , 2013 , we had $ 176.7 million in cash and cash equivalents .
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 Suspicious Activity Report : factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially include , but are not limited to , those discussed under “ risk factors ” in this report . we also face risks and uncertainties relating to our business including : our ability to obtain additional financing in future offerings ; our operating losses ; our collaboration with roche pursuant to the license agreement to develop and commercialize prx002 , as well as any future licensed products targeting alpha-synuclein ; our ability to successfully complete research and development of our drug candidates and the growth of the markets for those drug candidates ; our ability to develop and commercialize products before competitors that are superior to the alternatives developed by such competitors ; expected activities and responsibilities of us and roche under the license agreement ; our potential receipt of revenue under the license agreement , including milestone and royalty revenue ; the satisfaction of conditions under the license agreement required for continued commercialization , and the payment of potential milestone payments , royalties and fulfillment of other roche obligations under the license agreement ; expectations with respect to our intent and ability to carry out plans to promote prx002 for the treatment of parkinson 's disease in the united states through our co-promotion option under the license agreement ; our ability to protect our patents and other intellectual property ; loss of key employees ; tax treatment of our separation from elan , now owned by perrigo , and subsequent distribution of our ordinary shares ; restrictions on our taking certain actions due to tax rules and covenants with elan ; our ability to maintain financial flexibility and sufficient cash , cash equivalents , and investments and other assets capable of being monetized to meet our liquidity requirements ; disruptions in the u.s. and global capital and credit markets ; fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates ; extensive government regulation ; the volatility of our share price ; business disruptions caused by information technology failures ; and the other risks and uncertainties described in part ii , item 1 , “ risk factors . ” we undertake no obligation to revise or update any forward-looking statements to reflect any event or circumstance that arises after the date of this report , or to conform such statements to actual results or changes in our expectations . except with respect to our trademarks , the trademarks , trade names and service marks appearing in this report are the property of their respective owners . 38 this discussion should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes presented in item 8 of this form 10-k. overview we are a clinical stage biotechnology company focused on the discovery , development and commercialization of novel antibodies for the potential treatment of diseases that involve protein misfolding or cell adhesion . we focus on therapeutic monoclonal antibodies directed specifically to disease causing proteins . our antibody-based product candidates target a number of potential indications including al and aa forms of amyloidosis ( neod001 ) , parkinson 's disease and related synucleinopathies ( prx002 ) and novel cell adhesion targets involved in inflammatory diseases and cancers ( prx003 ) . we initiated a phase 1 clinical trial for neod001 , with the first successful patient dosing in april 2013. the phase 1 clinical trial of neod001 is evaluating its safety and tolerability in patients with al amyloidosis . we also plan to initiate phase 1 clinical trials for prx002 and prx003 in 2014 and 2015 , respectively . our strategy is to identify antibody candidates for clinical development and commercialization by applying our extensive expertise in generating novel therapeutic antibodies and working with collaborators having expertise in specific animal models of disease . we are a public limited company formed under the laws of ireland . we separated from elan corporation limited ( formerly elan corporation , plc ) , or elan , which subsequently became a wholly owned subsidiary of perrigo company plc , or perrigo , on december 20 , 2012. our ordinary shares began trading on the nasdaq global market under the symbol “ prta ” on december 21 , 2012 and currently trade on the nasdaq global select market . our business consists of a substantial portion of elan 's former drug discovery business platform , including neotope biosciences limited and its wholly owned subsidiaries onclave therapeutics limited and prothena biosciences inc ( which for the period prior to separation and distribution we refer to herein as the “ prothena business ” ) . prior to december 21 , 2012 , the prothena business operated as part of elan and not as a separate stand-alone entity . our financial statements for the periods prior to december 21 , 2012 have been derived from elan 's historical accounting records and reflect significant allocations of direct costs and expenses . all of the allocations and estimates in these financial statements are based on assumptions that we believe are reasonable . however , the financial statements do not necessarily represent our financial position or results of operations had we been operating as a separate independent entity . see “ critical accounting policies and estimates ” below as well as note 2 of the “ notes to the consolidated financial statements ” included in item 8 of this form 10-k. recent developments collaboration with roche in december 2013 , we entered into a license , development , and commercialization agreement , or the license agreement , with f. hoffmann-la roche ltd and hoffmann-la roche inc. , or collectively , roche , to develop and commercialize certain antibodies that target alpha-synuclein , including prx002 , which are referred to collectively as “ licensed products . story_separator_special_tag this is due to the numerous risks and uncertainties associated with developing drugs , including the uncertainty of : the scope , rate of progress and expense of our drug discovery efforts and other r & d activities ; the potential benefits of our product candidates over other therapies ; clinical trial results ; and the terms and timing of regulatory approvals . a change in the outcome of any of these variables with respect to the development of a product candidate could mean a significant change in the costs and timing associated with the development of that product candidate . for example , if the fda or other regulatory authority were to require us to conduct clinical trials beyond those which we currently anticipate will be required for the completion of clinical development of a product candidate or if we experience significant delays in enrollment in any clinical trials , we could be required to expend significant additional financial resources and time on the completion of clinical development . the following table sets forth the r & d expenses for our major program ( specifically , any program with successful first patient dosing in a phase 1 clinical trial ) , neod001 , and other r & d expenses for the years ended december 31 , 2013 , 2012 , and 2011 , and the cumulative amounts to date ( in thousands ) : replace_table_token_5_th ( 1 ) cumulative r & d costs to date for neod001 include the costs incurred from the date when the program has been separately tracked in preclinical development . expenditures in early discovery stage are not tracked by program and accordingly have been excluded from this cumulative amount . ( 2 ) other r & d is comprised of preclinical development and discovery programs that have not had successful first patient dosing in a phase 1 clinical trial , including prx002 and prx003 , and research costs we incurred in providing research services to elan 's elnd005 program . general and administrative expenses our g & a expenses increased by $ 5.1 million , or 52 % , for the year ended december 31 , 2013 compared to the prior year . g & a expenses consisted primarily of professional services fees ( including payments to elan under a transitional services agreement ) , internal personnel costs and share-based compensation expense of $ 2.1 million for the year ended december 31 , 2013 . for the periods prior to december 21 , 2012 , g & a expenses were presented on a “ carve-out ” basis as the prothena business consisted of a substantial portion of elan 's former drug discovery business platform . accordingly , g & a expenses during the year ended december 31 , 2012 consisted of $ 2.2 million of direct expense incurred by the prothena business and $ 7.7 million of indirect expenses which was based on an allocation to the prothena business by elan . g & a expenses increased by $ 4.4 million , or 78 % in 2012 compared to 2011 . the increase was primarily due to increases in support costs allocated to the prothena business by elan . the company expects g & a expenses to increase modestly in 2014 over the prior year as the result of increases in personnel , legal and other administrative expenses associated with a growing public company . 43 other income ( expense ) replace_table_token_6_th nm = not meaningful interest income increased by $ 66,000 for the year ended december 31 , 2013 compared to the prior year primarily due to interest earned on our cash and money market accounts . for the years ended december 31 , 2012 and 2011 , no interest income was allocated to the prothena business by elan . other income ( expense ) , net was primarily made up of foreign exchange losses from transactions with vendors denominated in euros . provision for income taxes replace_table_token_7_th subsequent to the separation from elan , we began to file our own u.s. and foreign income tax returns and income taxes are presented in the consolidated financial statements using the asset and liability method prescribed by the accounting guidance for income taxes . prior to the separation from elan , income taxes as presented in the consolidated financial statements represented current and deferred income taxes of elan attributed to us in a manner that is systematic , rational and consistent with the asset and liability method prescribed by the accounting guidance for income taxes . our income tax provision prior to the separation from elan was prepared under the “ separate return method . ” the separate return method applies the accounting guidance for income taxes to the standalone financial statements as if we were a separate taxpayer and a standalone enterprise . the tax provision for the years ended december 31 , 2013 , 2012 and 2011 was $ 415,000 , $ 6,000 and $ 426,000 , respectively . the tax provision reflects u.s. federal taxes associated with nominal , recurring profits attributable to intercompany services that the company 's u.s. subsidiary performs for the company . no tax benefit has been recorded related to tax losses recognized in ireland and any deferred tax assets for those losses are offset by a valuation allowance . story_separator_special_tag style= `` font-family : inherit ; font-size:10pt ; font-style : italic ; `` > cash used in operating activities net cash used in operating activities was $ 32.1 million , $ 42.1 million and $ 19.7 million for the years ended december 31 , 2013 , 2012 and 2011 , respectively , in each case consisting primarily of net losses ( adjusted to exclude non-cash charges ) and changes in working capital accounts . the decrease in cash used in operating activities from the prior year was primarily due to fact that in the prior year more cash was used to settle liabilities at the end of

