we are targeting a majority of the cost savings achieved to improve margins and earnings , while the remainder will be reinvested in high-growth digital business opportunities . 20 in fiscal years 2018 and 2017 , we recorded pre-tax restructuring charges of $ 29 million and $ 13 million , respectively , related to this program . these charges are reflected in restructuring and related charges on the consolidated statements of income and summarized in the following table : replace_table_token_5_th other activities in 2017 reflects leased facility consolidations contract termination costs , and the curtailment of certain defined benefit pension plans . amortization of intangibles : amortization of intangibles for fiscal year 2018 declined 3 % to $ 48 million , or 5 % on a constant currency basis compared with prior year . the decrease was a result of the completion of amortization of certain acquired intangible assets . interest expense : interest expense for fiscal year 2018 decreased $ 4 million to $ 13 million on a reported and constant currency basis . this decrease was due to lower average debt balances outstanding , partially offset by a higher average effective borrowing rate . foreign exchange transaction ( losses ) gains : we reported foreign exchange transaction losses of $ 13 million for fiscal year 2018 compared to gains of $ 0.4 million in the prior year . the losses in fiscal year 2018 were primarily due to the impact of the change in average foreign exchange rates as compared to the u.s. dollar on our intercompany and third-party accounts receivable and payable balances . provision for income taxes : the following table summarizes the effective tax rate for fiscal years 2018 and 2017 : replace_table_token_6_th on december 22 , 2017 , the u.s. government enacted comprehensive federal tax legislation originally known as the tax cuts and jobs act of 2017 ( the `` tax act `` ) . in december 2017 , the sec staff issued staff accounting bulletin no . 118 , income tax accounting implications of the tax cuts and jobs act ( `` sab 118 `` ) , which allows us to record provisional amounts related to the effect of the tax act during a measurement period not to extend beyond one year of the enactment date . as the tax act was passed in december 2017 , and ongoing guidance and accounting interpretation are expected over the 12 months following enactment , we consider the accounting of the transition tax , deferred tax re-measurements , and other items to be provisional due to the forthcoming guidance and our ongoing analysis of final data and tax positions . we expect to complete our analysis within the measurement period in accordance with sab 118 . 21 the effective tax rate was lower in fiscal 2018 as compared with fiscal 2017 due to the estimated net tax benefit from non-recurring items in the tax act and the effect of the german tax litigation in fiscal year 2017 as described below . estimated non-recurring items in the tax act reduced our income tax expense by $ 25 million ( $ 0.43/share ) or a reduction in our effective tax rate of 11.7 percentage points for fiscal year 2018. excluding the effect of the tax act , the rate was 21.9 % for fiscal year 2018. the rate excluding the benefit from the non-recurring items in the tax act was lower than the u.s. statutory rate for the year ended april 30 , 2018 , primarily due to lower rates applicable to non-u.s. earnings . german tax litigation expense : in fiscal 2017 , the german federal fiscal court affirmed a lower court decision disallowing deductions related to a stepped-up basis in certain assets . as a result , we incurred an income tax charge of approximately $ 49 million ( $ 0.85 per share ) . deferred tax benefit from u.k. statutory tax rate change : in fiscal year 2016 , the u.k. reduced its statutory rate to 19 % beginning april 1 , 2017 and 18 % beginning april 1 , 2020 , and in fiscal year 2017 , the u.k. further reduced its statutory rate beginning on april 1 , 2020 , from 18 % to 17 % . this resulted in a non-cash deferred tax benefit from the re-measurement of our applicable u.k. deferred tax balances of $ 6 million ( $ 0.10 per share ) in fiscal year 2016 and $ 3 million ( $ 0.04 per share ) in fiscal year 2017. the tax act on december 22 , 2017 , the u.s. government enacted comprehensive tax legislation . the tax act significantly revises the future ongoing u.s. corporate income tax system by , among other changes , the following : · lowering the u.s. federal corporate income tax rate to 21 % with a potentially lower rate for certain foreign derived income ; · accelerating deductions for certain business assets ; · changing the u.s. system from a worldwide tax system ; · requiring companies to pay a one-time transition tax on post-1986 unrepatriated cumulative non-u.s. earnings and profits ( `` e & p `` ) of foreign subsidiaries ; · eliminating certain deductions such as the domestic production deduction ; · establishing limitations on the deductibility of certain expenses including interest and executive compensation ; and · creating new taxes on certain foreign earnings . the key impacts for the period were the re-measurement of u.s. deferred tax balances to the new u.s. corporate tax rate and the accrual for the one-time transition tax liability . while we have not yet completed our assessment of the effects of the tax act , we are able to determine reasonable estimates for the impacts of these key items and reported provisional amounts for these items . in accordance with sab 118 , we are providing additional disclosures related to these provisional amounts . story_separator_special_tag provision for income taxes : the effective tax rate for fiscal year 2017 was 40.5 % , compared to 16.6 % in the prior year . the increase was due to the unfavorable german court decision described below . excluding the expense related to that decision , the rate for fiscal year 2017 would have been 14.9 % . the rate for fiscal year 2017 , excluding the german court decision , was lower than the prior year 's rate due to non-recurring foreign and domestic tax benefits and a favorable earnings mix , partially offset by the impact of non-cash deferred tax benefits related to legislation enacted in the u.k. in fiscal year 2016 , the u.k. reduced its statutory rate to 19 % beginning april 1 , 2017 , and 18 % beginning april 1 , 2020 , and in fiscal year 2017 , the u.k. further reduced its statutory rate beginning on april 1 , 2020 , from 18 % to 17 % . this resulted in a tax benefit from the re-measurement of our applicable u.k. deferred tax balances of $ 5.9 million in fiscal year 2016 and $ 2.6 million in fiscal year 2017 . 28 unfavorable german court decision in fiscal year 2003 , we reorganized several of our german subsidiaries into a new operating entity which enabled us to increase ( `` step-up `` ) the tax deductible net asset basis in certain assets and claim additional tax amortization deductions over 15 years beginning that fiscal year . in may 2012 , as part of its routine tax audit process , the german tax authorities challenged our tax position . in september 2014 , we filed an appeal with the local finance court . as required by german law , we paid all contested taxes and the related interest to avail ourselves of our right to defend our position . we made all required payments with cumulative total deposits of 56.6 million euros , including interest . in october 2014 , we received an unfavorable decision from the local finance court , which we appealed in january 2015 to the german federal fiscal court . on september 26 , 2016 , we learned that the court denied our appeal and its tax position . no further appeals are available . as a result , we forfeited our deposit and incurred an income tax charge of $ 49 million . this one-time charge is included in our income tax expense for fiscal year 2017. earnings per share : earnings per diluted share for fiscal year 2017 was $ 1.95 per share , compared to $ 2.48 per share in the prior year . the decrease was mainly driven by the impact of the unfavorable german court tax decision described above ( $ 0.85 per share ) , lower publishing revenue , the impact of a large backfile sale in the prior year ( $ 0.10 per share ) , a one-time charge related to the pension plan settlement ( $ 0.09 per share ) , lower non-cash deferred tax benefits related to changes in the u.k. corporate income tax rates ( $ 0.06 per share ) , technology spending for our erp and other related systems ( $ 0.08 per share ) , and the unfavorable impact of foreign exchange translation ( $ 0.04 per share ) . partially offsetting the decreases were the impact of the transition to time-based digital journal subscription agreements ( $ 0.38 per share ) , lower restructuring charges in the current year ( $ 0.17 per share ) , one-time tax benefits ( $ 0.12 per share ) , and favorable employment cost reductions . the favorable employment cost reductions include the benefit for changes in our retiree and long-term disability health plans ( $ 0.07 per share ) , a life insurance recovery in the current year ( $ 0.02 per share ) and a disability settlement charge in the prior year ( $ 0.03 per share ) . segment operating results : effective august 1 , 2016 , we completed a number of changes to our organizational structure that resulted in a change in how we manage our businesses , allocate resources , and measure performance . as a result , we revised our segments into three new reporting segments to reflect how management currently reviews financial information and makes operating decisions . all prior period amounts have been restated to reflect the new reporting segment structure . the new reporting structure consists of research ( journals and related content and services ) , publishing ( books and related content , course workflow , and test preparation ) , and solutions ( online program management , corporate learning , and professional assessment ) . 29 replace_table_token_12_th ( a ) adjusted to exclude the fiscal year 2017 and 2016 restructuring charges revenue : research revenue for fiscal year 2017 increased 3 % to $ 853.5 million , or 7 % on a constant currency basis . this increase was mainly driven by the following : · journal subscriptions revenue of $ 35 million due to the transition to time-based digital journal subscription agreements from issue-based ; · incremental revenue from the acquisition of atypon of $ 19 million ; and · author-funded access revenue growth of $ 7 million , reflecting new titles and increased business as well as growth associated with the journal of american heart association . these factors were partially offset by a decline in licensing , reprints , backfiles , and other of $ 6 million , primarily due to a large backfile sale in the prior year . excluding the transition to time-based revenue and the impact of foreign exchange , journal subscription revenue was consistent with the prior period . as of april 30 , 2017 , calendar year 2017 journal subscription renewals were 1 % higher than calendar year 2016 on a currency neutral basis , with approximately 97 %

cash provided by operating activities $ 381.8 high-single digit decline capital expenditures $ 150.7 modestly lower · wiley anticipates low-single digit revenue growth in research and solutions offset by a low-single digit revenue decline in publishing . · adjusted eps is expected to decline primarily due to increased investment in revenue growth initiatives , particularly in research and education services . · cash provided by operating activities reflects the impact of growth investments and substantially lower gains in working capital . · capital expenditures are expected to decline modestly with the completion of our headquarters transformation . increased investment is expected in areas of product development and business optimization . 33 liquidity and capital resources : principal sources of liquidity we believe that our operating cash flow , together with our revolving credit facilities and other available debt financing , will be adequate to meet our operating , investing , and financing needs in the foreseeable future , although there can be no assurance that continued or increased volatility in the global capital and credit markets will not impair our ability to access these markets on terms commercially acceptable . we do not have any off-balance-sheet debt . as of april 30 , 2018 , we had cash and cash equivalents of $ 169.8 million , of which approximately $ 147.9 million , or 87 % was located outside the u.s. maintenance of these cash and cash equivalent balances outside the u.s. does not have a material impact on the liquidity or capital resources of our operations . notwithstanding the tax act which generally eliminated federal income tax on future cash repatriation to the u.s. , cash repatriation may be subject to state and local taxes or withholding or similar taxes .


 Write a concise suspicious activity report of the following text delimited by triple backquotes. Return your response as a formal report which covers the key points highlighting the location,dates,entity names and account holder information in chronological order of the text.
     ```cash provided by operating activities $ 381.8 high-single digit decline capital expenditures $ 150.7 modestly lower · wiley anticipates low-single digit revenue growth in research and solutions offset by a low-single digit revenue decline in publishing . · adjusted eps is expected to decline primarily due to increased investment in revenue growth initiatives , particularly in research and education services . · cash provided by operating activities reflects the impact of growth investments and substantially lower gains in working capital . · capital expenditures are expected to decline modestly with the completion of our headquarters transformation . increased investment is expected in areas of product development and business optimization . 33 liquidity and capital resources : principal sources of liquidity we believe that our operating cash flow , together with our revolving credit facilities and other available debt financing , will be adequate to meet our operating , investing , and financing needs in the foreseeable future , although there can be no assurance that continued or increased volatility in the global capital and credit markets will not impair our ability to access these markets on terms commercially acceptable . we do not have any off-balance-sheet debt . as of april 30 , 2018 , we had cash and cash equivalents of $ 169.8 million , of which approximately $ 147.9 million , or 87 % was located outside the u.s. maintenance of these cash and cash equivalent balances outside the u.s. does not have a material impact on the liquidity or capital resources of our operations . notwithstanding the tax act which generally eliminated federal income tax on future cash repatriation to the u.s. , cash repatriation may be subject to state and local taxes or withholding or similar taxes .
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 Suspicious Activity Report : we are targeting a majority of the cost savings achieved to improve margins and earnings , while the remainder will be reinvested in high-growth digital business opportunities . 20 in fiscal years 2018 and 2017 , we recorded pre-tax restructuring charges of $ 29 million and $ 13 million , respectively , related to this program . these charges are reflected in restructuring and related charges on the consolidated statements of income and summarized in the following table : replace_table_token_5_th other activities in 2017 reflects leased facility consolidations contract termination costs , and the curtailment of certain defined benefit pension plans . amortization of intangibles : amortization of intangibles for fiscal year 2018 declined 3 % to $ 48 million , or 5 % on a constant currency basis compared with prior year . the decrease was a result of the completion of amortization of certain acquired intangible assets . interest expense : interest expense for fiscal year 2018 decreased $ 4 million to $ 13 million on a reported and constant currency basis . this decrease was due to lower average debt balances outstanding , partially offset by a higher average effective borrowing rate . foreign exchange transaction ( losses ) gains : we reported foreign exchange transaction losses of $ 13 million for fiscal year 2018 compared to gains of $ 0.4 million in the prior year . the losses in fiscal year 2018 were primarily due to the impact of the change in average foreign exchange rates as compared to the u.s. dollar on our intercompany and third-party accounts receivable and payable balances . provision for income taxes : the following table summarizes the effective tax rate for fiscal years 2018 and 2017 : replace_table_token_6_th on december 22 , 2017 , the u.s. government enacted comprehensive federal tax legislation originally known as the tax cuts and jobs act of 2017 ( the `` tax act `` ) . in december 2017 , the sec staff issued staff accounting bulletin no . 118 , income tax accounting implications of the tax cuts and jobs act ( `` sab 118 `` ) , which allows us to record provisional amounts related to the effect of the tax act during a measurement period not to extend beyond one year of the enactment date . as the tax act was passed in december 2017 , and ongoing guidance and accounting interpretation are expected over the 12 months following enactment , we consider the accounting of the transition tax , deferred tax re-measurements , and other items to be provisional due to the forthcoming guidance and our ongoing analysis of final data and tax positions . we expect to complete our analysis within the measurement period in accordance with sab 118 . 21 the effective tax rate was lower in fiscal 2018 as compared with fiscal 2017 due to the estimated net tax benefit from non-recurring items in the tax act and the effect of the german tax litigation in fiscal year 2017 as described below . estimated non-recurring items in the tax act reduced our income tax expense by $ 25 million ( $ 0.43/share ) or a reduction in our effective tax rate of 11.7 percentage points for fiscal year 2018. excluding the effect of the tax act , the rate was 21.9 % for fiscal year 2018. the rate excluding the benefit from the non-recurring items in the tax act was lower than the u.s. statutory rate for the year ended april 30 , 2018 , primarily due to lower rates applicable to non-u.s. earnings . german tax litigation expense : in fiscal 2017 , the german federal fiscal court affirmed a lower court decision disallowing deductions related to a stepped-up basis in certain assets . as a result , we incurred an income tax charge of approximately $ 49 million ( $ 0.85 per share ) . deferred tax benefit from u.k. statutory tax rate change : in fiscal year 2016 , the u.k. reduced its statutory rate to 19 % beginning april 1 , 2017 and 18 % beginning april 1 , 2020 , and in fiscal year 2017 , the u.k. further reduced its statutory rate beginning on april 1 , 2020 , from 18 % to 17 % . this resulted in a non-cash deferred tax benefit from the re-measurement of our applicable u.k. deferred tax balances of $ 6 million ( $ 0.10 per share ) in fiscal year 2016 and $ 3 million ( $ 0.04 per share ) in fiscal year 2017. the tax act on december 22 , 2017 , the u.s. government enacted comprehensive tax legislation . the tax act significantly revises the future ongoing u.s. corporate income tax system by , among other changes , the following : · lowering the u.s. federal corporate income tax rate to 21 % with a potentially lower rate for certain foreign derived income ; · accelerating deductions for certain business assets ; · changing the u.s. system from a worldwide tax system ; · requiring companies to pay a one-time transition tax on post-1986 unrepatriated cumulative non-u.s. earnings and profits ( `` e & p `` ) of foreign subsidiaries ; · eliminating certain deductions such as the domestic production deduction ; · establishing limitations on the deductibility of certain expenses including interest and executive compensation ; and · creating new taxes on certain foreign earnings . the key impacts for the period were the re-measurement of u.s. deferred tax balances to the new u.s. corporate tax rate and the accrual for the one-time transition tax liability . while we have not yet completed our assessment of the effects of the tax act , we are able to determine reasonable estimates for the impacts of these key items and reported provisional amounts for these items . in accordance with sab 118 , we are providing additional disclosures related to these provisional amounts . story_separator_special_tag provision for income taxes : the effective tax rate for fiscal year 2017 was 40.5 % , compared to 16.6 % in the prior year . the increase was due to the unfavorable german court decision described below . excluding the expense related to that decision , the rate for fiscal year 2017 would have been 14.9 % . the rate for fiscal year 2017 , excluding the german court decision , was lower than the prior year 's rate due to non-recurring foreign and domestic tax benefits and a favorable earnings mix , partially offset by the impact of non-cash deferred tax benefits related to legislation enacted in the u.k. in fiscal year 2016 , the u.k. reduced its statutory rate to 19 % beginning april 1 , 2017 , and 18 % beginning april 1 , 2020 , and in fiscal year 2017 , the u.k. further reduced its statutory rate beginning on april 1 , 2020 , from 18 % to 17 % . this resulted in a tax benefit from the re-measurement of our applicable u.k. deferred tax balances of $ 5.9 million in fiscal year 2016 and $ 2.6 million in fiscal year 2017 . 28 unfavorable german court decision in fiscal year 2003 , we reorganized several of our german subsidiaries into a new operating entity which enabled us to increase ( `` step-up `` ) the tax deductible net asset basis in certain assets and claim additional tax amortization deductions over 15 years beginning that fiscal year . in may 2012 , as part of its routine tax audit process , the german tax authorities challenged our tax position . in september 2014 , we filed an appeal with the local finance court . as required by german law , we paid all contested taxes and the related interest to avail ourselves of our right to defend our position . we made all required payments with cumulative total deposits of 56.6 million euros , including interest . in october 2014 , we received an unfavorable decision from the local finance court , which we appealed in january 2015 to the german federal fiscal court . on september 26 , 2016 , we learned that the court denied our appeal and its tax position . no further appeals are available . as a result , we forfeited our deposit and incurred an income tax charge of $ 49 million . this one-time charge is included in our income tax expense for fiscal year 2017. earnings per share : earnings per diluted share for fiscal year 2017 was $ 1.95 per share , compared to $ 2.48 per share in the prior year . the decrease was mainly driven by the impact of the unfavorable german court tax decision described above ( $ 0.85 per share ) , lower publishing revenue , the impact of a large backfile sale in the prior year ( $ 0.10 per share ) , a one-time charge related to the pension plan settlement ( $ 0.09 per share ) , lower non-cash deferred tax benefits related to changes in the u.k. corporate income tax rates ( $ 0.06 per share ) , technology spending for our erp and other related systems ( $ 0.08 per share ) , and the unfavorable impact of foreign exchange translation ( $ 0.04 per share ) . partially offsetting the decreases were the impact of the transition to time-based digital journal subscription agreements ( $ 0.38 per share ) , lower restructuring charges in the current year ( $ 0.17 per share ) , one-time tax benefits ( $ 0.12 per share ) , and favorable employment cost reductions . the favorable employment cost reductions include the benefit for changes in our retiree and long-term disability health plans ( $ 0.07 per share ) , a life insurance recovery in the current year ( $ 0.02 per share ) and a disability settlement charge in the prior year ( $ 0.03 per share ) . segment operating results : effective august 1 , 2016 , we completed a number of changes to our organizational structure that resulted in a change in how we manage our businesses , allocate resources , and measure performance . as a result , we revised our segments into three new reporting segments to reflect how management currently reviews financial information and makes operating decisions . all prior period amounts have been restated to reflect the new reporting segment structure . the new reporting structure consists of research ( journals and related content and services ) , publishing ( books and related content , course workflow , and test preparation ) , and solutions ( online program management , corporate learning , and professional assessment ) . 29 replace_table_token_12_th ( a ) adjusted to exclude the fiscal year 2017 and 2016 restructuring charges revenue : research revenue for fiscal year 2017 increased 3 % to $ 853.5 million , or 7 % on a constant currency basis . this increase was mainly driven by the following : · journal subscriptions revenue of $ 35 million due to the transition to time-based digital journal subscription agreements from issue-based ; · incremental revenue from the acquisition of atypon of $ 19 million ; and · author-funded access revenue growth of $ 7 million , reflecting new titles and increased business as well as growth associated with the journal of american heart association . these factors were partially offset by a decline in licensing , reprints , backfiles , and other of $ 6 million , primarily due to a large backfile sale in the prior year . excluding the transition to time-based revenue and the impact of foreign exchange , journal subscription revenue was consistent with the prior period . as of april 30 , 2017 , calendar year 2017 journal subscription renewals were 1 % higher than calendar year 2016 on a currency neutral basis , with approximately 97 %

