replace_table_token_8_th 41 non-gaap financial measures to supplement our financial results presented in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the united states ( `` gaap `` ) , we disclose operating results that have been adjusted to exclude the impact of changes due to the translation of foreign currencies into u.s. dollars , including changes in : net sales , gross profit , and income ( loss ) from operations . we refer to these adjusted financial measures as constant dollar items , which are non-gaap financial measures . we believe these measures provide investors an additional perspective on trends . to exclude the impact of changes due to the translation of foreign currencies into u.s. dollars , we calculate current year results and prior year results at a constant exchange rate , which is the prior year 's rate . currency impact is determined as the difference between actual growth rates and constant currency growth rates . replace_table_token_9_th net sales in dollars and as a percentage of consolidated net sales consolidated net sales by region for the years ended december 31 , 2020 and 2019 were as follows ( in millions , except percentages ) : replace_table_token_10_th consolidated domestic and foreign net sales for the years ended december 31 , 2020 and 2019 were as follows ( in millions , except percentages ) : replace_table_token_11_th net sales overall net sales decreased by $ 6.3 million , or 4.0 % , for 2020 , as compared to 2019. for the year ended december 31 , 2020 , our operations outside of the americas accounted for approximately 70.3 % of our consolidated net sales , whereas in the same period in 2019 , our operations outside of the americas accounted for approximately 69.6 % of our consolidated net sales . sales for the americas decreased by $ 3.1 million , or 6.5 % , to $ 44.9 million for 2020 as compared to $ 48.0 million for the same period in 2019. this decrease was primarily due to a 16.5 % decline in the number of active independent associates and preferred customers and a 9.7 % decrease in revenue per active independent associate and preferred customer . foreign currency exchange had the effect of decreasing revenue by $ 0.3 million for the year ended december 31 , 2020 , as compared to the same period in 2019. the currency impact is due to the weakening of the mexican peso . 42 during 2020 , asia/pacific sales decreased by $ 3.9 million , or 4.1 % , to $ 92.1 million as compared to $ 96.0 million for 2019. this decrease was primarily due to a 1.8 % decrease in the number of active independent associates and preferred customers and a 6.9 % decrease in revenue per active independent associate and preferred customer . during the year ended december 31 , 2020 , the loyalty program in asia/pacific decreased sales by $ 0.3 million , as compared to the same period in 2019. foreign currency exchange had the effect of decreasing revenue by $ 0.4 million for the year ended december 31 , 2020 , as compared to the same period in 2019. the currency impact is primarily due to the weakening of the korean won , australian dollar , new zealand dollar and singapore dollar , which was partially offset by the strengthening of the japanese yen , chinese yuan , hong kong dollar and taiwanese dollar . during 2020 , emea sales increased by $ 0.7 million , or 5.1 % , to $ 14.4 million as compared to $ 13.7 million for 2019. this increase was primarily due to an 8.5 % increase in the number of active independent associates and preferred customers , which was partially offset by a 16.4 % decrease in revenue per active independent associate . foreign currency exchange had the effect of decreasing revenue by $ 1.4 million for the year ended december 31 , 2020 as compared to the same period in 2019. the currency impact is primarily due to the weakening of the south african rand and norwegian krone , which was partially offset by the strengthening of the british pound , euro , swedish krona and danish krone . our total sales and sales mix could be influenced by any of the following : the impact of the covid-19 pandemic ; changes in our sales prices ; changes in consumer demand ; changes in the number of independent associates and preferred customers ; changes in competitors ' products ; changes in economic conditions ; changes in regulations ; announcements of new scientific studies and breakthroughs ; introduction of new products ; discontinuation of existing products ; adverse publicity ; changes in our commissions and incentives programs ; direct competition ; and fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates . our sales mix for the years ended december 31 , was as follows ( in millions , except percentages ) : replace_table_token_12_th product sales our product sales are made to our independent associates and preferred customers at published wholesale prices . product sales for the year ended december 31 , 2020 decreased by $ 8.4 million , or 5.4 % , to $ 146.2 million , as compared to $ 154.6 million for the same period in 2019. the decrease in product sales was primarily due to a decrease in the number of orders processed . the average order value in 2020 was $ 183 , as compared to $ 190 for the same period in 2019. the number of orders processed during the year ended december 31 , 2020 decreased by 0.1 % as compared to the same period in 2019 . 43 pack sales and associate fees the company collects associate fees in lieu of selling packs in certain markets . associate fees are paid annually by new and continuing associates to the company , which entitle them to earn commissions , benefits and incentives for that year . story_separator_special_tag market risks please see “ quantitative and qualitative disclosure about market risk ” under item 7a of this form 10-k for additional information about our market risks . 50 significant accounting policies and critical estimates our consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with gaap . the application of gaap requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported values of assets and liabilities at the date of our financial statements , the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period , and the related disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities . we use estimates throughout our financial statements , which are influenced by management 's judgment and uncertainties . our estimates are based on historical trends , industry standards , and various other assumptions that we believe are applicable and reasonable under the circumstances at the time the consolidated financial statements are prepared . our audit committee reviews our critical accounting policies and estimates . we continually evaluate and review our policies related to the portrayal of our consolidated financial position and consolidated results of operations that require the application of significant judgment by our management . we also analyze the need for certain estimates , including the need for such items as allowance for doubtful accounts , inventory reserves , long-lived fixed assets and capitalization of internal-use software development costs , reserve for uncertain income tax positions and tax valuation allowances , revenue recognition , sales returns , and deferred revenues , accounting for stock-based compensation , and contingencies and litigation . historically , actual results have not materially deviated from our estimates . however , we caution readers that actual results could differ from our estimates and assumptions applied in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements . if circumstances change relating to the various assumptions or conditions used in our estimates , we could experience an adverse effect on our financial position , results of operations , and cash flows . we have identified the following applicable critical accounting policies and estimates as of december 31 , 2020 : inventory reserves inventory consists of raw materials , finished goods , and promotional materials that are stated at the lower of cost ( using standard costs that approximate average costs ) or net realizable value . we record the amounts charged by the vendors as the costs of inventory . typically , the net realizable value of our inventory is higher than the aggregate cost . determination of net realizable value can be complex and , therefore , requires a high degree of judgment . in order for management to make the appropriate determination of net realizable value , the following items are considered : inventory turnover statistics , current selling prices , seasonality factors , consumer demand , regulatory changes , competitive pricing , and performance of similar products . if we determine the carrying value of inventory is in excess of estimated net realizable value , we write down the value of inventory to the estimated net realizable value . we also review inventory for obsolescence in a similar manner and any inventory identified as obsolete is reserved or written off . our determination of obsolescence is based on assumptions about the demand for our products , product expiration dates , estimated future sales , and general future plans . we monitor actual sales compared to original projections , and if actual sales are less favorable than those originally projected by us , we record an additional inventory reserve or write-down . historically , our estimates have been close to our actual reported amounts . however , if our estimates regarding inventory obsolescence are inaccurate or consumer demand for our products changes in an unforeseen manner , we may be exposed to additional material losses or gains in excess of our established estimated inventory reserves . at december 31 , 2020 and 2019 , our inventory reserves were $ 0.5 million and $ 0.9 million , respectively . long lived fixed assets and capitalization of software development costs in addition to capitalizing long-lived fixed asset costs , we also capitalize costs associated with internally developed software projects ( collectively “ fixed assets ” ) and amortize such costs over the estimated useful lives of such fixed assets . fixed assets are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation computed using the straight-line method over the assets ' estimated useful lives . leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the remaining lease terms or the estimated useful lives of the improvements . expenditures for maintenance and repairs are charged to operations as incurred . if a fixed asset is sold or otherwise retired or disposed of , the cost of the fixed asset and the related accumulated depreciation or amortization is written off and any resulting gain or loss is recorded in other operating costs in our consolidated statement of operations . we review our fixed assets for impairment whenever an event or change in circumstances indicates the carrying amount of an asset or group of assets may not be recoverable , such as plans to dispose of an asset before the end of its previously estimated useful life . our impairment review includes a comparison of future projected cash flows generated by the asset , or group of assets , with its associated net carrying value . if the net carrying value of the asset or group of assets exceeds expected cash flows ( undiscounted and without interest charges ) , an impairment loss is recognized to the extent the carrying amount exceeds the fair value . the fair value is determined by calculating the discounted expected future cash flows using an estimated risk-free rate of interest . any identified impairment losses are recorded in the period in which the impairment occurs . the carrying value of the fixed asset is adjusted to the new carrying value and any subsequent increases in fair value of the fixed asset are not recorded

liquidity and capital resources cash and cash equivalents as of december 31 , 2020 , our cash , cash equivalents and restricted cash decreased by 11.3 % , or $ 3.5 million , to $ 27.5 million from $ 31.0 million as of december 31 , 2019. the company is required to restrict cash for ( i ) direct selling insurance premiums and credit card sales in the republic of korea ; ( ii ) reserve on credit card sales in the united states and canada ; and ( iii ) australia building lease collateral . the current portion of restricted cash at each of december 31 , 2020 and 2019 was $ 0.9 million . fluctuations in currency rates produced an increase of $ 1.3 million in cash and cash equivalents in 2020 as compared to a decrease of $ 0.6 million in 2019. our principal use of cash is to pay for operating expenses , including commissions and incentives , capital assets , inventory purchases , and periodic cash dividends . we fund our business objectives , operations , and expansion of our operations through net cash flows from operations rather than incurring long-term debt . working capital working capital represents total current assets less total current liabilities . at december 31 , 2020 , our working capital decreased by $ 1.6 million , or 13.2 % , to $ 10.5 million from $ 12.1 million at december 31 , 2019. the decrease in working capital is primarily due to increases in accounts payable .


 Write a concise suspicious activity report of the following text delimited by triple backquotes. Return your response as a formal report which covers the key points highlighting the location,dates,entity names and account holder information in chronological order of the text.
     ```liquidity and capital resources cash and cash equivalents as of december 31 , 2020 , our cash , cash equivalents and restricted cash decreased by 11.3 % , or $ 3.5 million , to $ 27.5 million from $ 31.0 million as of december 31 , 2019. the company is required to restrict cash for ( i ) direct selling insurance premiums and credit card sales in the republic of korea ; ( ii ) reserve on credit card sales in the united states and canada ; and ( iii ) australia building lease collateral . the current portion of restricted cash at each of december 31 , 2020 and 2019 was $ 0.9 million . fluctuations in currency rates produced an increase of $ 1.3 million in cash and cash equivalents in 2020 as compared to a decrease of $ 0.6 million in 2019. our principal use of cash is to pay for operating expenses , including commissions and incentives , capital assets , inventory purchases , and periodic cash dividends . we fund our business objectives , operations , and expansion of our operations through net cash flows from operations rather than incurring long-term debt . working capital working capital represents total current assets less total current liabilities . at december 31 , 2020 , our working capital decreased by $ 1.6 million , or 13.2 % , to $ 10.5 million from $ 12.1 million at december 31 , 2019. the decrease in working capital is primarily due to increases in accounts payable .
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 Suspicious Activity Report : replace_table_token_8_th 41 non-gaap financial measures to supplement our financial results presented in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the united states ( `` gaap `` ) , we disclose operating results that have been adjusted to exclude the impact of changes due to the translation of foreign currencies into u.s. dollars , including changes in : net sales , gross profit , and income ( loss ) from operations . we refer to these adjusted financial measures as constant dollar items , which are non-gaap financial measures . we believe these measures provide investors an additional perspective on trends . to exclude the impact of changes due to the translation of foreign currencies into u.s. dollars , we calculate current year results and prior year results at a constant exchange rate , which is the prior year 's rate . currency impact is determined as the difference between actual growth rates and constant currency growth rates . replace_table_token_9_th net sales in dollars and as a percentage of consolidated net sales consolidated net sales by region for the years ended december 31 , 2020 and 2019 were as follows ( in millions , except percentages ) : replace_table_token_10_th consolidated domestic and foreign net sales for the years ended december 31 , 2020 and 2019 were as follows ( in millions , except percentages ) : replace_table_token_11_th net sales overall net sales decreased by $ 6.3 million , or 4.0 % , for 2020 , as compared to 2019. for the year ended december 31 , 2020 , our operations outside of the americas accounted for approximately 70.3 % of our consolidated net sales , whereas in the same period in 2019 , our operations outside of the americas accounted for approximately 69.6 % of our consolidated net sales . sales for the americas decreased by $ 3.1 million , or 6.5 % , to $ 44.9 million for 2020 as compared to $ 48.0 million for the same period in 2019. this decrease was primarily due to a 16.5 % decline in the number of active independent associates and preferred customers and a 9.7 % decrease in revenue per active independent associate and preferred customer . foreign currency exchange had the effect of decreasing revenue by $ 0.3 million for the year ended december 31 , 2020 , as compared to the same period in 2019. the currency impact is due to the weakening of the mexican peso . 42 during 2020 , asia/pacific sales decreased by $ 3.9 million , or 4.1 % , to $ 92.1 million as compared to $ 96.0 million for 2019. this decrease was primarily due to a 1.8 % decrease in the number of active independent associates and preferred customers and a 6.9 % decrease in revenue per active independent associate and preferred customer . during the year ended december 31 , 2020 , the loyalty program in asia/pacific decreased sales by $ 0.3 million , as compared to the same period in 2019. foreign currency exchange had the effect of decreasing revenue by $ 0.4 million for the year ended december 31 , 2020 , as compared to the same period in 2019. the currency impact is primarily due to the weakening of the korean won , australian dollar , new zealand dollar and singapore dollar , which was partially offset by the strengthening of the japanese yen , chinese yuan , hong kong dollar and taiwanese dollar . during 2020 , emea sales increased by $ 0.7 million , or 5.1 % , to $ 14.4 million as compared to $ 13.7 million for 2019. this increase was primarily due to an 8.5 % increase in the number of active independent associates and preferred customers , which was partially offset by a 16.4 % decrease in revenue per active independent associate . foreign currency exchange had the effect of decreasing revenue by $ 1.4 million for the year ended december 31 , 2020 as compared to the same period in 2019. the currency impact is primarily due to the weakening of the south african rand and norwegian krone , which was partially offset by the strengthening of the british pound , euro , swedish krona and danish krone . our total sales and sales mix could be influenced by any of the following : the impact of the covid-19 pandemic ; changes in our sales prices ; changes in consumer demand ; changes in the number of independent associates and preferred customers ; changes in competitors ' products ; changes in economic conditions ; changes in regulations ; announcements of new scientific studies and breakthroughs ; introduction of new products ; discontinuation of existing products ; adverse publicity ; changes in our commissions and incentives programs ; direct competition ; and fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates . our sales mix for the years ended december 31 , was as follows ( in millions , except percentages ) : replace_table_token_12_th product sales our product sales are made to our independent associates and preferred customers at published wholesale prices . product sales for the year ended december 31 , 2020 decreased by $ 8.4 million , or 5.4 % , to $ 146.2 million , as compared to $ 154.6 million for the same period in 2019. the decrease in product sales was primarily due to a decrease in the number of orders processed . the average order value in 2020 was $ 183 , as compared to $ 190 for the same period in 2019. the number of orders processed during the year ended december 31 , 2020 decreased by 0.1 % as compared to the same period in 2019 . 43 pack sales and associate fees the company collects associate fees in lieu of selling packs in certain markets . associate fees are paid annually by new and continuing associates to the company , which entitle them to earn commissions , benefits and incentives for that year . story_separator_special_tag market risks please see “ quantitative and qualitative disclosure about market risk ” under item 7a of this form 10-k for additional information about our market risks . 50 significant accounting policies and critical estimates our consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with gaap . the application of gaap requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported values of assets and liabilities at the date of our financial statements , the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period , and the related disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities . we use estimates throughout our financial statements , which are influenced by management 's judgment and uncertainties . our estimates are based on historical trends , industry standards , and various other assumptions that we believe are applicable and reasonable under the circumstances at the time the consolidated financial statements are prepared . our audit committee reviews our critical accounting policies and estimates . we continually evaluate and review our policies related to the portrayal of our consolidated financial position and consolidated results of operations that require the application of significant judgment by our management . we also analyze the need for certain estimates , including the need for such items as allowance for doubtful accounts , inventory reserves , long-lived fixed assets and capitalization of internal-use software development costs , reserve for uncertain income tax positions and tax valuation allowances , revenue recognition , sales returns , and deferred revenues , accounting for stock-based compensation , and contingencies and litigation . historically , actual results have not materially deviated from our estimates . however , we caution readers that actual results could differ from our estimates and assumptions applied in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements . if circumstances change relating to the various assumptions or conditions used in our estimates , we could experience an adverse effect on our financial position , results of operations , and cash flows . we have identified the following applicable critical accounting policies and estimates as of december 31 , 2020 : inventory reserves inventory consists of raw materials , finished goods , and promotional materials that are stated at the lower of cost ( using standard costs that approximate average costs ) or net realizable value . we record the amounts charged by the vendors as the costs of inventory . typically , the net realizable value of our inventory is higher than the aggregate cost . determination of net realizable value can be complex and , therefore , requires a high degree of judgment . in order for management to make the appropriate determination of net realizable value , the following items are considered : inventory turnover statistics , current selling prices , seasonality factors , consumer demand , regulatory changes , competitive pricing , and performance of similar products . if we determine the carrying value of inventory is in excess of estimated net realizable value , we write down the value of inventory to the estimated net realizable value . we also review inventory for obsolescence in a similar manner and any inventory identified as obsolete is reserved or written off . our determination of obsolescence is based on assumptions about the demand for our products , product expiration dates , estimated future sales , and general future plans . we monitor actual sales compared to original projections , and if actual sales are less favorable than those originally projected by us , we record an additional inventory reserve or write-down . historically , our estimates have been close to our actual reported amounts . however , if our estimates regarding inventory obsolescence are inaccurate or consumer demand for our products changes in an unforeseen manner , we may be exposed to additional material losses or gains in excess of our established estimated inventory reserves . at december 31 , 2020 and 2019 , our inventory reserves were $ 0.5 million and $ 0.9 million , respectively . long lived fixed assets and capitalization of software development costs in addition to capitalizing long-lived fixed asset costs , we also capitalize costs associated with internally developed software projects ( collectively “ fixed assets ” ) and amortize such costs over the estimated useful lives of such fixed assets . fixed assets are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation computed using the straight-line method over the assets ' estimated useful lives . leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the remaining lease terms or the estimated useful lives of the improvements . expenditures for maintenance and repairs are charged to operations as incurred . if a fixed asset is sold or otherwise retired or disposed of , the cost of the fixed asset and the related accumulated depreciation or amortization is written off and any resulting gain or loss is recorded in other operating costs in our consolidated statement of operations . we review our fixed assets for impairment whenever an event or change in circumstances indicates the carrying amount of an asset or group of assets may not be recoverable , such as plans to dispose of an asset before the end of its previously estimated useful life . our impairment review includes a comparison of future projected cash flows generated by the asset , or group of assets , with its associated net carrying value . if the net carrying value of the asset or group of assets exceeds expected cash flows ( undiscounted and without interest charges ) , an impairment loss is recognized to the extent the carrying amount exceeds the fair value . the fair value is determined by calculating the discounted expected future cash flows using an estimated risk-free rate of interest . any identified impairment losses are recorded in the period in which the impairment occurs . the carrying value of the fixed asset is adjusted to the new carrying value and any subsequent increases in fair value of the fixed asset are not recorded

