the average securities balances decreased as a result of sales and maturities of , and payments on , securities throughout the year ended december 31 , 2019. the decrease in the average yield is the result of a federal home loan bank ( “ fhlb ” ) special dividend 29 of $ 83 thousand received during december 2018. interest income from our short-term investments , including our federal funds sold and interest-bearing deposits , was $ 5.3 million and $ 3.8 million for the year ended december 31 , 2019 and 2018 , respectively , yielding 2.20 % and 1.92 % on average balances of $ 239.3 million and $ 195.7 million , respectively . the increase in the average balance is the result of increased liquidity as a result of deposit growth . the increase in the average yield is a result of the rising interest rate environment throughout 2018 and early 2019 , offset by decreasing rates in the latter half of 2019. as a result , total interest income on investments increased for the year ended december 31 , 2019 . 2018 vs. 2017 . total interest income increased 21.3 % to $ 62.5 million for the year ended december 31 , 2018 from $ 51.6 million for the year ended december 31 , 2017 . this increase is primarily due to an increase in interest income on loans during the year ended december 31 , 2018 compared to the prior year due to an increase in average loan balances , as well as an increase in the average yield on loans . during the years ended december 31 , 2018 and 2017 , interest income on loans was $ 57.6 million and $ 49.0 million , respectively , yielding 5.38 % and 4.91 % on average loan balances of $ 1.07 billion and $ 996.7 million , respectively . the increase in the average loan balances is attributable to an increase in loan demand . the increase in the average yield on loans was primarily the result of the rising interest rate environment and the recovery of $ 1.6 million in interest income on two loans that had been on nonaccrual status but were paid in full during the year ended december 31 , 2018 as compared to $ 1.1 million recovered on one loan relationship during the year ended december 31 , 2017. the average yield on interest-earning assets was 4.78 % for the year ended december 31 , 2018 compared to 4.41 % for the year ended december 31 , 2017 . during the years ended december 31 , 2018 and 2017 , interest income from our securities available-for-sale and stock , was $ 1.2 million and $ 1.2 million , respectively , yielding 2.92 % and 2.49 % on average balances of $ 39.7 million and $ 49.7 million , respectively . the average securities balances decreased as a result of sales and maturities of , and payments on , securities throughout the year ended december 31 , 2018 , which was partially offset by purchases during the second half of the year . the increase in the average yield is attributable to the rising interest rate environment and the result of the fhlb special dividend of $ 83 thousand during december 2018. interest income from our short-term investments , including our federal funds sold and interest-bearing deposits , was $ 3.8 million and $ 1.4 million for the years ended december 31 , 2018 and 2017 , respectively , yielding 1.92 % and 1.11 % on average balances of $ 195.7 million and $ 123.8 million , respectively . the increase in the average yield is a result of the rising interest rate environment . as a result , total interest income on investment increased for the year ended december 31 , 2018. interest expense 2019 vs. 2018 . total interest expense increased 18.4 % to $ 16.1 million for the year ended december 31 , 2019 from $ 13.6 million for the year ended december 31 , 2018 . the increase was primarily due to an increase in the volume of and average cost of funds of our interest-bearing liabilities to 1.85 % at december 31 , 2019 from 1.60 % at december 31 , 2018 , which was primarily the result of new client acquisition and our decision to increase the rate of interest paid on our non-maturity interest bearing deposits and our certificates of deposit while in a rising interest rate environment , and an increase in our fhlb borrowings . interest expense on our certificates of deposit for the years ended december 31 , 2019 and 2018 was $ 6.0 million and $ 5.3 million , respectively , with a cost of funds of 2.26 % and 1.70 % on average balances of $ 265.9 million and $ 315.2 million , respectively . 2018 vs. 2017 . total interest expense increased 73.9 % to $ 13.6 million for the year ended december 31 , 2018 from $ 7.8 million for the year ended december 31 , 2017 . the increase was primarily due to an increase in the volume of and average cost of funds of our interest-bearing liabilities to 1.60 % at december 31 , 2018 from 1.05 % at december 31 , 2017 , which consisted of deposits , borrowings and junior subordinated debentures , which was primarily the result of new client acquisition , our decision to increase the rate of interest paid on our certificates of deposit resulting from the rising interest rate environment , and an increase in our fhlb borrowings . interest expense on our certificates of deposit for the years ended december 31 , 2018 and 2017 was $ 5.3 million and $ 3.8 million , respectively , with a cost of funds of 1.70 % and 1.26 % , on average balances of $ 315.2 million and $ 298.5 million , respectively . story_separator_special_tag the tax code allows net operating losses to be carried forward for 20 years from the date of the loss , and while management believes that the company will be able to realize the deferred tax asset within the period that our net operating losses may be carried forward , we are unable to assert the timing as to when that realization will occur . due to the hierarchy of evidence that the accounting rules specify , management determined that a full valuation allowance that was previously established on the balance of our deferred tax asset was still required at december 31 , 2017. see `` – critical accounting policies - utilization and valuation of deferred income tax benefits ” below for additional information regarding our deferred tax asset . financial condition assets our total consolidated assets increased by $ 67 million at december 31 , 2019 from $ 1.3 billion at december 31 , 2018 . the following table sets forth the composition of our interest earning assets at : replace_table_token_12_th ( 1 ) includes interest-earning balances maintained at the federal reserve bank of san francisco ( “ frbsf ” ) . 35 securities available for sale securities available for sale . securities that we intend to hold for an indefinite period of time , but which may be sold in response to changes in liquidity needs , interest rates , or prepayment risks or other similar factors , are classified as “ securities available for sale ” . such securities are recorded on our balance sheet at their respective fair values and increases or decreases in those values are recorded as unrealized gains or losses , respectively , and are reported as other comprehensive income ( loss ) on our accompanying consolidated balance sheet , rather than included in or deducted from our earnings . the following is a summary of the major components of securities available for sale and a comparison of the amortized cost , estimated fair values and the gross unrealized gains and losses attributable to those securities , as of december 31 , 2019 , 2018 and 2017 : replace_table_token_13_th at december 31 , 2019 , 2018 and 2017 , u.s. agency mortgage backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations with an aggregate fair market value of $ 9.2 million , $ 18.2 million and $ 22.7 million , respectively , were pledged to secure fhlb borrowings , repurchase agreements , local agency deposits and treasury , tax and loan accounts . the amortized cost of securities available for sale at december 31 , 2019 is shown in the table below by contractual maturities taking into consideration historical prepayments based on the prior twelve months of principal payments . expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities and historical prepayments , particularly with respect to collateralized mortgage obligations , primarily because prepayment rates are affected by changes in conditions in the interest rate market and , therefore , future prepayment rates may differ from historical prepayment rates . 36 december 31 , 2019 maturing in one year or less over one year through five years over five years through ten years over ten years total ( dollars in thousands ) amortized cost weighted average yield amortized cost weighted average yield amortized cost weighted average yield amortized cost weighted average yield amortized cost weighted average yield securities available for sale : residential mortgage backed securities issued by u.s. agencies $ 4,759 1.46 % $ 11,060 1.50 % $ 3,457 1.66 % $ 104 2.72 % $ 19,380 1.53 % commercial mortgage backed securities issued by u.s. agencies 527 2.62 % 1,972 2.51 % 3,385 2.80 % 3,263 2.52 % 9,147 2.63 % total securities available for sale $ 5,286 1.58 % $ 13,032 1.66 % $ 6,842 2.22 % $ 3,367 2.53 % $ 28,527 1.88 % the table below indicates , as of december 31 , 2019 , the gross unrealized losses and fair values of our investments , aggregated by investment category , and length of time that the individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position . replace_table_token_14_th we regularly monitor investments for significant declines in fair value . we have determined that declines in the fair values of these investments below their respective amortized costs , as set forth in the tables above , are temporary because ( i ) those declines were due to interest rate changes and not to a deterioration in the creditworthiness of the issuers of those investment securities , and ( ii ) we have the ability to hold those securities until there is a recovery in their values or until their maturity . 37 loans the following table sets forth the composition , by loan category , of our loan portfolio at december 31 , 2019 , 2018 , 2017 , 2016 and 2015 : replace_table_token_15_th commercial loans are loans to businesses to finance capital purchases or improvements , or to provide cash flow for operations . real estate and residential mortgage loans are loans secured by trust deeds on real properties , including commercial properties and single family and multi-family residences . construction loans are interim loans to finance specific construction projects . land development loans are loans secured by non-arable bare land . consumer loans include installment loans to consumers . the following table sets forth the maturity distribution of our loan portfolio ( excluding single and multi-family residential mortgage loans and consumer loans ) at december 31 , 2019 : replace_table_token_16_th ( 1 ) does not include mortgage loans on single or multi-family residences or consumer loans , which totaled $ 195.3 million and $ 90.9 million , respectively , at december 31 , 2019 . 38 nonperforming assets and allowance for loan and lease losses nonperforming assets . non-performing loans consist of ( i ) loans on non-accrual status which are loans on which the accrual of interest has been discontinued and include restructured loans when there has not been a

cash flow provided by operating activities . in 2019 , operating activities provided net cash of $ 17.0 million primarily attributable to our net income of $ 5.7 million and provision for loan and lease losses of $ 9.2 million , partially offset by a decrease of $ 7.3 million in other liabilities . in 2018 , operating activities provided net cash of $ 17.3 million primarily attributable to net income of $ 27.3 million offset by a non-cash recognition of $ 11.1 million in our deferred tax asset . cash flow used in investing activities . in 2019 , investing activities used net cash of $ 38.7 million , primarily attributable to $ 43.0 million used to fund an increase in loans and $ 5.0 million used to purchase securities available for sale and other stock , partially offset $ 8.6 million of cash from maturities of and principal payments on securities available for sale , and $ 1.1 million from the sale of other real estate owned properties . in 2018 , investing activities used net cash of $ 24.0 million , primarily attributable to $ 32.3 million used to fund an increase in loans and $ 5.2 million used to purchase securities available for sale and other stock , partially offset by $ 6.9 million of cash from the sale of debt and equity securities available for sale and $ 6.0 million from maturities and principal payments on securities available for sale . cash flow provided by financing activities . in 2019 , financing activities provided net cash of $ 54.1 million , consisting primarily of a $ 56.6 million increase in non-interest bearing deposits and a $ 7.0 million increase in interest bearing deposits , partially offset by a net decrease of $ 10.0 million in fhlb borrowings . in 2018 , financing activities used net cash of $ 3.7 million , consisting primarily of a $ 5.5 million net decrease in interest bearing deposits , and a $ 727 thousand net decrease in borrowings , partially offset by a $ 2.1 million net increase in noninterest bearing deposits . ratio of loans to deposits .


 Write a concise suspicious activity report of the following text delimited by triple backquotes. Return your response as a formal report which covers the key points highlighting the location,dates,entity names and account holder information in chronological order of the text.
     ```cash flow provided by operating activities . in 2019 , operating activities provided net cash of $ 17.0 million primarily attributable to our net income of $ 5.7 million and provision for loan and lease losses of $ 9.2 million , partially offset by a decrease of $ 7.3 million in other liabilities . in 2018 , operating activities provided net cash of $ 17.3 million primarily attributable to net income of $ 27.3 million offset by a non-cash recognition of $ 11.1 million in our deferred tax asset . cash flow used in investing activities . in 2019 , investing activities used net cash of $ 38.7 million , primarily attributable to $ 43.0 million used to fund an increase in loans and $ 5.0 million used to purchase securities available for sale and other stock , partially offset $ 8.6 million of cash from maturities of and principal payments on securities available for sale , and $ 1.1 million from the sale of other real estate owned properties . in 2018 , investing activities used net cash of $ 24.0 million , primarily attributable to $ 32.3 million used to fund an increase in loans and $ 5.2 million used to purchase securities available for sale and other stock , partially offset by $ 6.9 million of cash from the sale of debt and equity securities available for sale and $ 6.0 million from maturities and principal payments on securities available for sale . cash flow provided by financing activities . in 2019 , financing activities provided net cash of $ 54.1 million , consisting primarily of a $ 56.6 million increase in non-interest bearing deposits and a $ 7.0 million increase in interest bearing deposits , partially offset by a net decrease of $ 10.0 million in fhlb borrowings . in 2018 , financing activities used net cash of $ 3.7 million , consisting primarily of a $ 5.5 million net decrease in interest bearing deposits , and a $ 727 thousand net decrease in borrowings , partially offset by a $ 2.1 million net increase in noninterest bearing deposits . ratio of loans to deposits .
```    
 Suspicious Activity Report : the average securities balances decreased as a result of sales and maturities of , and payments on , securities throughout the year ended december 31 , 2019. the decrease in the average yield is the result of a federal home loan bank ( “ fhlb ” ) special dividend 29 of $ 83 thousand received during december 2018. interest income from our short-term investments , including our federal funds sold and interest-bearing deposits , was $ 5.3 million and $ 3.8 million for the year ended december 31 , 2019 and 2018 , respectively , yielding 2.20 % and 1.92 % on average balances of $ 239.3 million and $ 195.7 million , respectively . the increase in the average balance is the result of increased liquidity as a result of deposit growth . the increase in the average yield is a result of the rising interest rate environment throughout 2018 and early 2019 , offset by decreasing rates in the latter half of 2019. as a result , total interest income on investments increased for the year ended december 31 , 2019 . 2018 vs. 2017 . total interest income increased 21.3 % to $ 62.5 million for the year ended december 31 , 2018 from $ 51.6 million for the year ended december 31 , 2017 . this increase is primarily due to an increase in interest income on loans during the year ended december 31 , 2018 compared to the prior year due to an increase in average loan balances , as well as an increase in the average yield on loans . during the years ended december 31 , 2018 and 2017 , interest income on loans was $ 57.6 million and $ 49.0 million , respectively , yielding 5.38 % and 4.91 % on average loan balances of $ 1.07 billion and $ 996.7 million , respectively . the increase in the average loan balances is attributable to an increase in loan demand . the increase in the average yield on loans was primarily the result of the rising interest rate environment and the recovery of $ 1.6 million in interest income on two loans that had been on nonaccrual status but were paid in full during the year ended december 31 , 2018 as compared to $ 1.1 million recovered on one loan relationship during the year ended december 31 , 2017. the average yield on interest-earning assets was 4.78 % for the year ended december 31 , 2018 compared to 4.41 % for the year ended december 31 , 2017 . during the years ended december 31 , 2018 and 2017 , interest income from our securities available-for-sale and stock , was $ 1.2 million and $ 1.2 million , respectively , yielding 2.92 % and 2.49 % on average balances of $ 39.7 million and $ 49.7 million , respectively . the average securities balances decreased as a result of sales and maturities of , and payments on , securities throughout the year ended december 31 , 2018 , which was partially offset by purchases during the second half of the year . the increase in the average yield is attributable to the rising interest rate environment and the result of the fhlb special dividend of $ 83 thousand during december 2018. interest income from our short-term investments , including our federal funds sold and interest-bearing deposits , was $ 3.8 million and $ 1.4 million for the years ended december 31 , 2018 and 2017 , respectively , yielding 1.92 % and 1.11 % on average balances of $ 195.7 million and $ 123.8 million , respectively . the increase in the average yield is a result of the rising interest rate environment . as a result , total interest income on investment increased for the year ended december 31 , 2018. interest expense 2019 vs. 2018 . total interest expense increased 18.4 % to $ 16.1 million for the year ended december 31 , 2019 from $ 13.6 million for the year ended december 31 , 2018 . the increase was primarily due to an increase in the volume of and average cost of funds of our interest-bearing liabilities to 1.85 % at december 31 , 2019 from 1.60 % at december 31 , 2018 , which was primarily the result of new client acquisition and our decision to increase the rate of interest paid on our non-maturity interest bearing deposits and our certificates of deposit while in a rising interest rate environment , and an increase in our fhlb borrowings . interest expense on our certificates of deposit for the years ended december 31 , 2019 and 2018 was $ 6.0 million and $ 5.3 million , respectively , with a cost of funds of 2.26 % and 1.70 % on average balances of $ 265.9 million and $ 315.2 million , respectively . 2018 vs. 2017 . total interest expense increased 73.9 % to $ 13.6 million for the year ended december 31 , 2018 from $ 7.8 million for the year ended december 31 , 2017 . the increase was primarily due to an increase in the volume of and average cost of funds of our interest-bearing liabilities to 1.60 % at december 31 , 2018 from 1.05 % at december 31 , 2017 , which consisted of deposits , borrowings and junior subordinated debentures , which was primarily the result of new client acquisition , our decision to increase the rate of interest paid on our certificates of deposit resulting from the rising interest rate environment , and an increase in our fhlb borrowings . interest expense on our certificates of deposit for the years ended december 31 , 2018 and 2017 was $ 5.3 million and $ 3.8 million , respectively , with a cost of funds of 1.70 % and 1.26 % , on average balances of $ 315.2 million and $ 298.5 million , respectively . story_separator_special_tag the tax code allows net operating losses to be carried forward for 20 years from the date of the loss , and while management believes that the company will be able to realize the deferred tax asset within the period that our net operating losses may be carried forward , we are unable to assert the timing as to when that realization will occur . due to the hierarchy of evidence that the accounting rules specify , management determined that a full valuation allowance that was previously established on the balance of our deferred tax asset was still required at december 31 , 2017. see `` – critical accounting policies - utilization and valuation of deferred income tax benefits ” below for additional information regarding our deferred tax asset . financial condition assets our total consolidated assets increased by $ 67 million at december 31 , 2019 from $ 1.3 billion at december 31 , 2018 . the following table sets forth the composition of our interest earning assets at : replace_table_token_12_th ( 1 ) includes interest-earning balances maintained at the federal reserve bank of san francisco ( “ frbsf ” ) . 35 securities available for sale securities available for sale . securities that we intend to hold for an indefinite period of time , but which may be sold in response to changes in liquidity needs , interest rates , or prepayment risks or other similar factors , are classified as “ securities available for sale ” . such securities are recorded on our balance sheet at their respective fair values and increases or decreases in those values are recorded as unrealized gains or losses , respectively , and are reported as other comprehensive income ( loss ) on our accompanying consolidated balance sheet , rather than included in or deducted from our earnings . the following is a summary of the major components of securities available for sale and a comparison of the amortized cost , estimated fair values and the gross unrealized gains and losses attributable to those securities , as of december 31 , 2019 , 2018 and 2017 : replace_table_token_13_th at december 31 , 2019 , 2018 and 2017 , u.s. agency mortgage backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations with an aggregate fair market value of $ 9.2 million , $ 18.2 million and $ 22.7 million , respectively , were pledged to secure fhlb borrowings , repurchase agreements , local agency deposits and treasury , tax and loan accounts . the amortized cost of securities available for sale at december 31 , 2019 is shown in the table below by contractual maturities taking into consideration historical prepayments based on the prior twelve months of principal payments . expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities and historical prepayments , particularly with respect to collateralized mortgage obligations , primarily because prepayment rates are affected by changes in conditions in the interest rate market and , therefore , future prepayment rates may differ from historical prepayment rates . 36 december 31 , 2019 maturing in one year or less over one year through five years over five years through ten years over ten years total ( dollars in thousands ) amortized cost weighted average yield amortized cost weighted average yield amortized cost weighted average yield amortized cost weighted average yield amortized cost weighted average yield securities available for sale : residential mortgage backed securities issued by u.s. agencies $ 4,759 1.46 % $ 11,060 1.50 % $ 3,457 1.66 % $ 104 2.72 % $ 19,380 1.53 % commercial mortgage backed securities issued by u.s. agencies 527 2.62 % 1,972 2.51 % 3,385 2.80 % 3,263 2.52 % 9,147 2.63 % total securities available for sale $ 5,286 1.58 % $ 13,032 1.66 % $ 6,842 2.22 % $ 3,367 2.53 % $ 28,527 1.88 % the table below indicates , as of december 31 , 2019 , the gross unrealized losses and fair values of our investments , aggregated by investment category , and length of time that the individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position . replace_table_token_14_th we regularly monitor investments for significant declines in fair value . we have determined that declines in the fair values of these investments below their respective amortized costs , as set forth in the tables above , are temporary because ( i ) those declines were due to interest rate changes and not to a deterioration in the creditworthiness of the issuers of those investment securities , and ( ii ) we have the ability to hold those securities until there is a recovery in their values or until their maturity . 37 loans the following table sets forth the composition , by loan category , of our loan portfolio at december 31 , 2019 , 2018 , 2017 , 2016 and 2015 : replace_table_token_15_th commercial loans are loans to businesses to finance capital purchases or improvements , or to provide cash flow for operations . real estate and residential mortgage loans are loans secured by trust deeds on real properties , including commercial properties and single family and multi-family residences . construction loans are interim loans to finance specific construction projects . land development loans are loans secured by non-arable bare land . consumer loans include installment loans to consumers . the following table sets forth the maturity distribution of our loan portfolio ( excluding single and multi-family residential mortgage loans and consumer loans ) at december 31 , 2019 : replace_table_token_16_th ( 1 ) does not include mortgage loans on single or multi-family residences or consumer loans , which totaled $ 195.3 million and $ 90.9 million , respectively , at december 31 , 2019 . 38 nonperforming assets and allowance for loan and lease losses nonperforming assets . non-performing loans consist of ( i ) loans on non-accrual status which are loans on which the accrual of interest has been discontinued and include restructured loans when there has not been a

