adcetris reported the five-year update of the phase 3 echelon-1 clinical trial which showed treatment with adcetris in combination with avd resulted in superior long-term outcomes when compared to abvd , which includes bleomycin , in frontline advanced hodgkin lymphoma . expanded clinical program including initiation of phase 3 trial in relapsed and refractory diffuse large b-cell lymphoma and expanded a trial in frontline hodgkin lymphoma to evaluate stage i and ii patients . expanded indication approved in the european union and first approval in china for our partner takeda . padcev commercial launch with astellas , for patients with previously treated metastatic urothelial cancer , following fda approval in december 2019 . 86 announced positive topline results from ev-301 phase 3 trial showing that padcev significantly improved overall survival in previously treated metastatic urothelial cancer patients . data to support global marketing applications . announced positive topline results from second cohort of ev-201 pivotal trial . data to support additional indication in the u.s. initiated ev-302 phase 3 trial in first-line metastatic urothelial cancer in combination with pembrolizumab . received breakthrough therapy designation in first-line advanced urothelial cancer for padcev in combination with pembrolizumab . tukysa commercial launch following fda approval for patients with previously treated metastatic her2-positive breast cancer , including patients with brain metastases in april 2020. received ex-u.s. regulatory approvals in australia , canada , singapore and switzerland under the project orbis initiative of the fda oncology center of excellence . received marketing authorization in the european union in february 2021. entered into exclusive license and co-development agreement with merck to commercialize tukysa in asia , the middle east and latin america and other regions outside of the u.s. , canada and europe . pipeline announced positive results from tisotumab vedotin pivotal trial in patients with previously treated recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer . data used to support approval application submitted in the u.s. in february 2021. entered into a global co-development and co-commercialization agreement with merck for our drug candidate ladiratuzumab vedotin . initiated phase 1 trials of two novel drug candidates , sgn-b6a and sea-tgt . also refer to part i item 1 “ business ” for more information about our products , pipeline , technologies , research programs , and future plans for our clinical programs , including recent key business achievements . outlook we recognize revenue from adcetris product sales in the u.s. and canada , and padcev and tukysa products sales in th e u.s. while we anticipate that sales of adcetris will increase in 2021 as compared to 2020 , we have experienced and expect continued impacts associated with the covid-19 pandemic , which appear to be reducing the rate of hodgkin lymphoma diagnoses , and an increase in gross-to-net deductions that we believe is due to a shift in the locations where adcetris is administered , which has increased the proportion of adcetris sales through the federal 340b drug discount program . we expect that , going forward , our ability to maintain or continue to grow our adcetris sales , if at all , will depend primarily on our ability to establish or demonstrate to the medical community the value of adcetris and its potential advantages compared to existing and future therapeutics in its approved indications , including in the frontline hodgkin lymphoma indication , and the extent to which physicians make prescribing decisions with respect to adcetris . other important factors affecting our adcetris sales include the incidence flow of patients eligible for treatment in adcetris ' approved indications , the extent to which coverage and adequate levels of reimbursement for adcetris are available from governments and other third-party payors , the impact of any healthcare reform measures that may be upheld , or adopted in the future , including measures that could result in more rigorous coverage criteria or reduce the price that we receive for adcetris , increasing competition from competing therapies including pembrolizumab in multiple indications , including in the relapsed or refractory classical hodgkin lymphoma indication , impacts resulting from the evolving effects of the covid-19 pandemic including lower diagnosis rates , and the potential future approval of adcetris in any additional indications . for these reasons , we can not assure you that adcetris sales will continue to grow or that we can maintain sales of adcetris at or near current levels . in addition , as a result of these and other factors , our future adcetris product sales can be difficult to accurately predict from period to period . our ability to realize the anticipated benefits from our investment in padcev is subject to a number of risks and uncertainties , including our and astellas ' ability to successfully jointly market and commercialize padcev in the u.s. in its approved indication , the extent to which we and astellas are able to obtain regulatory approvals of padcev in 87 additional indications in the u.s. , including in the frontline metastatic urothelial cancer setting , and in territories outside the u.s. , our ability and astellas ' ability to successfully comply with rigorous post-marketing requirements , including obtaining the fda 's agreement as to the confirmation of clinical benefit of padcev based on the results of the ev-301 clinical trial , the acceptance of padcev by the medical community and patients , the extent to which physicians make prescribing decisions with respect to padcev , the incidence flow of patients eligible for treatment in padcev 's approved indication , the duration of therapy for patients receiving padcev , the extent to which coverage and adequate levels of reimbursement for padcev are available from governments and other third-party payors , the impact of any healthcare reform measures that may be adopted in the future , including measures that could potentially result in more rigorous coverage criteria and additional downward pressure on the price that we receive for padcev , potential competition from competing therapies , the impact of conducting launch activities virtually story_separator_special_tag we provide financial assistance to qualifying patients that are underinsured or can not cover the cost of commercial coinsurance amounts through our patient support programs . estimated contributions for commercial coinsurance under seagen secure are deducted from gross sales and are based on an analysis of expected plan utilization . these estimates are adjusted as necessary to reflect our actual experience . 91 royalty revenues royalty revenues primarily reflect amounts earned under the adcetris collaboration with takeda . these royalties include commercial sales-based milestones and sales royalties that relate predominantly to the license of intellectual property . sales royalties are based on a percentage of takeda 's net sales of adcetris , with rates that range from the mid-teens to the mid-twenties based on annual net sales tiers . takeda bears a portion of low single digit third-party royalty costs owed on its sales of adcetris . this amount is included in royalty revenues . amounts owed to our third-party licensors related to takeda 's sales of adcetris are recorded in cost of sales . these amounts are recognized in the period in which the related sales by takeda occur . royalty revenues also reflect amounts from genentech , inc. , a member of the roche group , or genentech , earned on net sales of polivy , and amounts from glaxosmithkline earned on net sales of blenrep . collaboration and license agreement revenues we have collaboration and license agreements for our technology with a number of biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies . under these agreements , we typically receive or are entitled to receive upfront cash payments and progress- and sales-dependent milestones for the achievement by our licensees of certain events , and annual maintenance fees and support fees for research and development services and materials provided under the agreements . we also are entitled to receive royalties on net sales of any resulting products incorporating our technology . our licensees are solely responsible for research , product development , manufacturing and commercialization of any product candidates under these collaborations , which includes the achievement of the potential milestones . since we may not take a substantive role or control the research , development or commercialization of any products generated by some of our licensees , we may not able to reasonably estimate when , if at all , any potential future milestone payments or royalties may be payable to us by our licensees . as such , the potential future milestone payments associated with certain of our collaboration and license agreements involve a substantial degree of uncertainty and risk that they may never be received . collaboration and license agreements are initially evaluated as to whether the intellectual property licenses granted by us represent distinct performance obligations . if they are determined to be distinct , the value of the intellectual property licenses would be recognized up-front while the research and development service fees would be recognized as the performance obligations are satisfied . variable consideration is assessed at each reporting period as to whether it is not subject to future reversal of cumulative revenue and , therefore , should be included in the transaction price . assessing the recognition of variable consideration requires significant judgment . if a contract includes a fixed or minimum amount of research and development support , this also would be included in the transaction price . changes to collaboration and license agreements , such as the extensions of the research term or increasing the number of targets or technology covered under an existing agreement , are assessed for whether they represent a modification or should be accounted for as a new contract . we have concluded that the license of intellectual property in certain collaboration and license agreements is not distinct from the perspective of our customers at the time of initial transfer , since we often do not license intellectual property without related technology transfer and research and development support services . such evaluation requires significant judgment since it is made from the customer 's perspective . our performance obligations under our collaborations may include such things as providing intellectual property licenses , performing technology transfer , performing research and development consulting services , providing reagents , adcs , and other materials , and notifying the customer of any enhancements to licensed technology or new technology that we discover , among others . we determined our performance obligations under certain collaboration and license agreements as evaluated at contract inception were not distinct and represented a single performance obligation . for those agreements , revenue is recognized using a proportional performance model , representing the transfer of goods or services as activities are performed over the term of the agreement . upfront payments are also amortized to revenue over the performance period . upfront payment contract liabilities resulting from our collaborations do not represent a financing component as the payment is not financing the transfer of goods or services , and the technology underlying the licenses granted reflects research and development expenses already incurred by us . for agreements beyond the initial performance period , we have no remaining performance obligations . we may receive license maintenance fees and potential milestones and royalties based on collaborator development and regulatory progress , which are recorded in the period achieved in the case of milestones , and during the period of the related sales for royalties . 92 when no performance obligations are required of us , or following the completion of the performance obligation period , such amounts are recognized upon transfer of control of the goods or services to the customer . generally , all amounts received or due other than sales-based milestones and royalties are classified as collaboration and license agreement revenues . sales-based milestones and royalties are recognized as royalty revenue in the period the related sale occurred . we generally invoice our collaborators and licensees on a monthly or quarterly basis , or upon the completion of the effort or

liquidity and capital resources replace_table_token_8_th replace_table_token_9_th the change in net cash from operating activities from 2020 as compared to 2019 primarily was related to the change in our net income ( loss ) , working capital fluctuations and changes in our non-cash expenses , all of which are highly variable . the increase in cash provided by operating activities was primarily driven by $ 975.2 million in collaboration and lice nse agreement revenues recognized related to the agreements we entered into with merck during 2020. the change in net cash from investing activities from 2020 as compared to 2019 reflected differences between the proceeds received from sale and maturity of our investments and amounts reinvested , and the difference for purchases of property , plant , and equipment . the change in net cash from financing activities included proceeds from issuances of common stock , the exercise of options to purchase shares of our common stock , and common stock sales under our employee stock purchase plan for all years presented . we primarily have financed our operations through the issuance of our common stock , collections from commercial sales of our products , amounts received pursuant to license and collaboration agreements , and royalty revenues . to a lesser degree , we also have financed our operations through investment income . these financing and revenue sources have allowed us to maintain adequate levels of cash and investments . our cash , cash equivalents , and investments are held in a variety of non-interest bearing bank accounts and interest-bearing instruments subject to investment guidelines allowing for holdings in u.s. government and agency securities , corporate securities , taxable municipal bonds , commercial paper and money market accounts . our investment portfolio is structured to provide for investment maturities and access to cash to fund our anticipated working capital needs .


 Write a concise suspicious activity report of the following text delimited by triple backquotes. Return your response as a formal report which covers the key points highlighting the location,dates,entity names and account holder information in chronological order of the text.
     ```liquidity and capital resources replace_table_token_8_th replace_table_token_9_th the change in net cash from operating activities from 2020 as compared to 2019 primarily was related to the change in our net income ( loss ) , working capital fluctuations and changes in our non-cash expenses , all of which are highly variable . the increase in cash provided by operating activities was primarily driven by $ 975.2 million in collaboration and lice nse agreement revenues recognized related to the agreements we entered into with merck during 2020. the change in net cash from investing activities from 2020 as compared to 2019 reflected differences between the proceeds received from sale and maturity of our investments and amounts reinvested , and the difference for purchases of property , plant , and equipment . the change in net cash from financing activities included proceeds from issuances of common stock , the exercise of options to purchase shares of our common stock , and common stock sales under our employee stock purchase plan for all years presented . we primarily have financed our operations through the issuance of our common stock , collections from commercial sales of our products , amounts received pursuant to license and collaboration agreements , and royalty revenues . to a lesser degree , we also have financed our operations through investment income . these financing and revenue sources have allowed us to maintain adequate levels of cash and investments . our cash , cash equivalents , and investments are held in a variety of non-interest bearing bank accounts and interest-bearing instruments subject to investment guidelines allowing for holdings in u.s. government and agency securities , corporate securities , taxable municipal bonds , commercial paper and money market accounts . our investment portfolio is structured to provide for investment maturities and access to cash to fund our anticipated working capital needs .
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 Suspicious Activity Report : adcetris reported the five-year update of the phase 3 echelon-1 clinical trial which showed treatment with adcetris in combination with avd resulted in superior long-term outcomes when compared to abvd , which includes bleomycin , in frontline advanced hodgkin lymphoma . expanded clinical program including initiation of phase 3 trial in relapsed and refractory diffuse large b-cell lymphoma and expanded a trial in frontline hodgkin lymphoma to evaluate stage i and ii patients . expanded indication approved in the european union and first approval in china for our partner takeda . padcev commercial launch with astellas , for patients with previously treated metastatic urothelial cancer , following fda approval in december 2019 . 86 announced positive topline results from ev-301 phase 3 trial showing that padcev significantly improved overall survival in previously treated metastatic urothelial cancer patients . data to support global marketing applications . announced positive topline results from second cohort of ev-201 pivotal trial . data to support additional indication in the u.s. initiated ev-302 phase 3 trial in first-line metastatic urothelial cancer in combination with pembrolizumab . received breakthrough therapy designation in first-line advanced urothelial cancer for padcev in combination with pembrolizumab . tukysa commercial launch following fda approval for patients with previously treated metastatic her2-positive breast cancer , including patients with brain metastases in april 2020. received ex-u.s. regulatory approvals in australia , canada , singapore and switzerland under the project orbis initiative of the fda oncology center of excellence . received marketing authorization in the european union in february 2021. entered into exclusive license and co-development agreement with merck to commercialize tukysa in asia , the middle east and latin america and other regions outside of the u.s. , canada and europe . pipeline announced positive results from tisotumab vedotin pivotal trial in patients with previously treated recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer . data used to support approval application submitted in the u.s. in february 2021. entered into a global co-development and co-commercialization agreement with merck for our drug candidate ladiratuzumab vedotin . initiated phase 1 trials of two novel drug candidates , sgn-b6a and sea-tgt . also refer to part i item 1 “ business ” for more information about our products , pipeline , technologies , research programs , and future plans for our clinical programs , including recent key business achievements . outlook we recognize revenue from adcetris product sales in the u.s. and canada , and padcev and tukysa products sales in th e u.s. while we anticipate that sales of adcetris will increase in 2021 as compared to 2020 , we have experienced and expect continued impacts associated with the covid-19 pandemic , which appear to be reducing the rate of hodgkin lymphoma diagnoses , and an increase in gross-to-net deductions that we believe is due to a shift in the locations where adcetris is administered , which has increased the proportion of adcetris sales through the federal 340b drug discount program . we expect that , going forward , our ability to maintain or continue to grow our adcetris sales , if at all , will depend primarily on our ability to establish or demonstrate to the medical community the value of adcetris and its potential advantages compared to existing and future therapeutics in its approved indications , including in the frontline hodgkin lymphoma indication , and the extent to which physicians make prescribing decisions with respect to adcetris . other important factors affecting our adcetris sales include the incidence flow of patients eligible for treatment in adcetris ' approved indications , the extent to which coverage and adequate levels of reimbursement for adcetris are available from governments and other third-party payors , the impact of any healthcare reform measures that may be upheld , or adopted in the future , including measures that could result in more rigorous coverage criteria or reduce the price that we receive for adcetris , increasing competition from competing therapies including pembrolizumab in multiple indications , including in the relapsed or refractory classical hodgkin lymphoma indication , impacts resulting from the evolving effects of the covid-19 pandemic including lower diagnosis rates , and the potential future approval of adcetris in any additional indications . for these reasons , we can not assure you that adcetris sales will continue to grow or that we can maintain sales of adcetris at or near current levels . in addition , as a result of these and other factors , our future adcetris product sales can be difficult to accurately predict from period to period . our ability to realize the anticipated benefits from our investment in padcev is subject to a number of risks and uncertainties , including our and astellas ' ability to successfully jointly market and commercialize padcev in the u.s. in its approved indication , the extent to which we and astellas are able to obtain regulatory approvals of padcev in 87 additional indications in the u.s. , including in the frontline metastatic urothelial cancer setting , and in territories outside the u.s. , our ability and astellas ' ability to successfully comply with rigorous post-marketing requirements , including obtaining the fda 's agreement as to the confirmation of clinical benefit of padcev based on the results of the ev-301 clinical trial , the acceptance of padcev by the medical community and patients , the extent to which physicians make prescribing decisions with respect to padcev , the incidence flow of patients eligible for treatment in padcev 's approved indication , the duration of therapy for patients receiving padcev , the extent to which coverage and adequate levels of reimbursement for padcev are available from governments and other third-party payors , the impact of any healthcare reform measures that may be adopted in the future , including measures that could potentially result in more rigorous coverage criteria and additional downward pressure on the price that we receive for padcev , potential competition from competing therapies , the impact of conducting launch activities virtually story_separator_special_tag we provide financial assistance to qualifying patients that are underinsured or can not cover the cost of commercial coinsurance amounts through our patient support programs . estimated contributions for commercial coinsurance under seagen secure are deducted from gross sales and are based on an analysis of expected plan utilization . these estimates are adjusted as necessary to reflect our actual experience . 91 royalty revenues royalty revenues primarily reflect amounts earned under the adcetris collaboration with takeda . these royalties include commercial sales-based milestones and sales royalties that relate predominantly to the license of intellectual property . sales royalties are based on a percentage of takeda 's net sales of adcetris , with rates that range from the mid-teens to the mid-twenties based on annual net sales tiers . takeda bears a portion of low single digit third-party royalty costs owed on its sales of adcetris . this amount is included in royalty revenues . amounts owed to our third-party licensors related to takeda 's sales of adcetris are recorded in cost of sales . these amounts are recognized in the period in which the related sales by takeda occur . royalty revenues also reflect amounts from genentech , inc. , a member of the roche group , or genentech , earned on net sales of polivy , and amounts from glaxosmithkline earned on net sales of blenrep . collaboration and license agreement revenues we have collaboration and license agreements for our technology with a number of biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies . under these agreements , we typically receive or are entitled to receive upfront cash payments and progress- and sales-dependent milestones for the achievement by our licensees of certain events , and annual maintenance fees and support fees for research and development services and materials provided under the agreements . we also are entitled to receive royalties on net sales of any resulting products incorporating our technology . our licensees are solely responsible for research , product development , manufacturing and commercialization of any product candidates under these collaborations , which includes the achievement of the potential milestones . since we may not take a substantive role or control the research , development or commercialization of any products generated by some of our licensees , we may not able to reasonably estimate when , if at all , any potential future milestone payments or royalties may be payable to us by our licensees . as such , the potential future milestone payments associated with certain of our collaboration and license agreements involve a substantial degree of uncertainty and risk that they may never be received . collaboration and license agreements are initially evaluated as to whether the intellectual property licenses granted by us represent distinct performance obligations . if they are determined to be distinct , the value of the intellectual property licenses would be recognized up-front while the research and development service fees would be recognized as the performance obligations are satisfied . variable consideration is assessed at each reporting period as to whether it is not subject to future reversal of cumulative revenue and , therefore , should be included in the transaction price . assessing the recognition of variable consideration requires significant judgment . if a contract includes a fixed or minimum amount of research and development support , this also would be included in the transaction price . changes to collaboration and license agreements , such as the extensions of the research term or increasing the number of targets or technology covered under an existing agreement , are assessed for whether they represent a modification or should be accounted for as a new contract . we have concluded that the license of intellectual property in certain collaboration and license agreements is not distinct from the perspective of our customers at the time of initial transfer , since we often do not license intellectual property without related technology transfer and research and development support services . such evaluation requires significant judgment since it is made from the customer 's perspective . our performance obligations under our collaborations may include such things as providing intellectual property licenses , performing technology transfer , performing research and development consulting services , providing reagents , adcs , and other materials , and notifying the customer of any enhancements to licensed technology or new technology that we discover , among others . we determined our performance obligations under certain collaboration and license agreements as evaluated at contract inception were not distinct and represented a single performance obligation . for those agreements , revenue is recognized using a proportional performance model , representing the transfer of goods or services as activities are performed over the term of the agreement . upfront payments are also amortized to revenue over the performance period . upfront payment contract liabilities resulting from our collaborations do not represent a financing component as the payment is not financing the transfer of goods or services , and the technology underlying the licenses granted reflects research and development expenses already incurred by us . for agreements beyond the initial performance period , we have no remaining performance obligations . we may receive license maintenance fees and potential milestones and royalties based on collaborator development and regulatory progress , which are recorded in the period achieved in the case of milestones , and during the period of the related sales for royalties . 92 when no performance obligations are required of us , or following the completion of the performance obligation period , such amounts are recognized upon transfer of control of the goods or services to the customer . generally , all amounts received or due other than sales-based milestones and royalties are classified as collaboration and license agreement revenues . sales-based milestones and royalties are recognized as royalty revenue in the period the related sale occurred . we generally invoice our collaborators and licensees on a monthly or quarterly basis , or upon the completion of the effort or

