continued periods of high volatility in fuel costs , increased fuel prices or significant disruptions in the supply of aircraft fuel could have a significant negative impact on our operating results and liquidity. aag 's 2016 results the selected financial data presented below is derived from aag 's audited consolidated financial statements included in part ii , item 8a of this report and should be read in conjunction with those financial statements and the related notes thereto . replace_table_token_14_th 51 ( 1 ) see part ii , item 6. selected consolidated financial data  reconciliation of gaap to non-gaap financial measures and note 2 to aag 's consolidated financial statements in part ii , item 8a for details on the components of special items . net income and pre-tax income we realized net income of $ 2.7 billion in 2016. this compares to $ 7.6 billion of net income in 2015 , which included a special $ 3.0 billion non-cash tax benefit , as we reversed the valuation allowance on our deferred tax assets , which include our federal and state nols . as a result of the reversal of the valuation allowance , we recorded a $ 1.6 billion provision for income taxes in 2016 , which is substantially non-cash due to the utilization of nols . accordingly , amounts reported in 2016 for income tax provision and net income are not comparable to 2015. therefore , pre-tax income and pre-tax income excluding special items provides a more meaningful year-over-year comparison . the exclusion of special items provides investors the ability to measure financial performance in a way that is more indicative of our ongoing performance and is more comparable to financial measures presented by other major airlines . management uses pre-tax income excluding special items to evaluate our financial performance . we realized pre-tax income of $ 4.3 billion and $ 4.6 billion in 2016 and 2015 , respectively . excluding the effects of pre-tax special items , pre-tax income was $ 5.1 billion and $ 6.3 billion in 2016 and 2015 , respectively . our 2016 pre-tax results on both a gaap basis and excluding pre-tax net special items were impacted by a decline in revenues due to lower yields . salaries , wages and benefits costs were higher in 2016 , driven by our new labor contracts and the addition of an employee profit sharing program ; however , these increases were substantially offset by a year-over-year decline in fuel costs . for reconciliation of pre-tax and net income excluding special items to their comparable measures on a gaap basis , see part ii , item 6. selected consolidated financial data  reconciliation of gaap to non-gaap financial measures. revenue in 2016 , we reported operating revenues of $ 40.2 billion , a decrease of $ 810 million , or 2.0 % , as compared to 2015. mainline and regional passenger revenues were $ 34.6 billion , a decrease of $ 933 million , or 2.6 % , as compared to 2015. the decline in mainline and regional passenger revenues was due to lower yields driven by competitive capacity growth , macroeconomic softness outside of the united states and foreign currency weakness . this decline was offset in part by an increase in other operating revenues primarily due to our new co-branded credit card agreements which became effective in the third quarter of 2016. our mainline and regional total revenue per available seat mile ( trasm ) was 14.70 cents in 2016 , a 3.7 % decrease as compared to 15.25 cents in 2015. fuel our mainline and regional fuel expense totaled $ 6.2 billion in 2016 , which was $ 1.3 billion , or 17.1 % , lower as compared to 2015. this decrease was driven by a 17.6 % decrease in the average price per gallon of fuel to $ 1.42 in 2016 from $ 1.72 in 2015. as of december 31 , 2016 , we did not have any fuel hedging contracts outstanding to hedge our fuel consumption . as such , and assuming we do not enter into any future transactions to hedge our fuel consumption , we will continue to be fully exposed to fluctuations in fuel prices . our current policy is not to enter into transactions to hedge our fuel consumption , although we review that policy from time to time based on market conditions and other factors . 52 other costs we remain committed to actively managing our cost structure , which we believe is necessary in an industry whose economic prospects are heavily dependent upon two variables we can not control : the health of the economy and the price of fuel . our 2016 mainline casm was 11.94 cents , a decrease of 0.8 % , from 12.03 cents in 2015. the decrease was primarily driven by lower fuel costs , offset in part by higher salaries , wages and benefits associated with new labor contracts and the addition of an employee profit sharing program . our 2016 mainline casm excluding special items and fuel was 9.54 cents , an increase of 6.1 % , from 8.99 cents in 2015 , which was primarily driven by higher salaries , wages and benefits as described above . for a reconciliation of mainline casm excluding special items and fuel , see part ii , item 6. selected consolidated financial data  reconciliation of gaap to non-gaap financial measures. liquidity and stockholder returns as of december 31 , 2016 , we had approximately $ 8.8 billion in total available liquidity , consisting of $ 6.4 billion in unrestricted cash and investments and $ 2.4 billion in undrawn revolving credit facilities . we also had approximately $ 638 million in restricted cash . during 2016 , we returned $ 4.6 billion to our stockholders , including quarterly dividend payments of $ 224 million and the repurchase of $ 4.4 billion of common stock , or 119.8 million shares . story_separator_special_tag regional operating expenses total regional expenses decreased $ 533 million , or 8.2 % , in 2015 as compared to 2014. the year-over-year decrease was primarily due to a $ 779 million , or 38.8 % , decrease in fuel costs , offset in part by a $ 246 million , or 5.4 % , increase in other regional operating expenses . the average price per gallon of fuel decreased 40.9 % to $ 1.73 in 2015 from $ 2.92 in 2014. the increase in other regional operating expenses was principally due to increased flying under capacity purchase agreements . see note 1 to aag 's consolidated financial statements in part ii , item 8a for further information on regional expenses . nonoperating results replace_table_token_27_th our short-term investments in each period consisted of highly liquid investments that provided nominal returns . in 2015 , other nonoperating expense , net primarily included a $ 592 million special charge to write off all of the value of venezuelan bolivars held by us due to continued lack of repatriations and deterioration of economic conditions in venezuela . we also incurred $ 159 million of net foreign 62 currency losses . the foreign currency losses in 2015 were driven primarily by the strengthening of the u.s. dollar relative to other currencies , principally in latin american and european markets . in 2014 , other nonoperating expense , net primarily included $ 114 million of net foreign currency losses , including a $ 43 million special charge for venezuelan foreign currency losses and $ 56 million of special charges primarily due to early debt extinguishment costs related to the prepayment of our 7.50 % senior secured notes and other indebtedness . the foreign currency losses in 2014 were driven primarily by the strengthening of the u.s. dollar relative to other currencies , principally in the latin american market . income taxes in 2015 , we reversed $ 3.0 billion of the valuation allowance on our deferred tax assets , which resulted in a special non-cash tax benefit recorded in our consolidated statement of operations . in 2014 , we recorded a $ 330 million provision for income taxes , which included $ 346 million of special tax charges . during 2014 , we sold our portfolio of fuel hedging contracts that were scheduled to settle on or after june 30 , 2014. as a result , a special $ 330 million non-cash tax provision was recorded , which is the tax effect associated with gains recorded in oci principally in 2009 due to a net increase in the fair value of our fuel hedging contracts . see note 6 to aag 's consolidated financial statements in part ii , item 8a for additional information on income taxes . american 's results of operations results of operations  2016 compared to 2015 american realized net income of $ 2.8 billion in 2016. this compares to $ 8.1 billion of net income in 2015 , which included a special $ 3.5 billion non-cash tax benefit as american reversed the valuation allowance on its deferred tax assets , which include its federal and state nols . as a result of the reversal of the valuation allowance , american recorded a $ 1.7 billion provision for income taxes in 2016 , which is substantially non-cash due to the utilization of nols . accordingly , amounts reported in 2016 for income tax provision and net income are not comparable to 2015. american realized pre-tax income of $ 4.4 billion and $ 4.7 billion in 2016 and 2015 , respectively . american 's 2016 pre-tax income was impacted by a decline in revenues due to lower yields . salaries , wages and benefits costs were higher in 2016 , driven by american 's new labor contracts and the addition of an employee profit sharing program ; however , these increases were substantially offset by a year-over-year decline in fuel costs . operating revenues replace_table_token_28_th total operating revenues in 2016 decreased $ 775 million , or 1.9 % , from 2015 driven by lower passenger revenues offset in part by higher other revenue . 63 total passenger revenues declined $ 933 million , or 2.6 % , in 2016 from 2015 driven by a decrease in yield due to competitive capacity growth , macroeconomic softness outside of the united states and foreign currency weakness . cargo revenue decreased $ 60 million , or 7.9 % , in 2016 from 2015 driven primarily by a decrease in domestic and international freight yields . other revenue primarily includes revenue associated with american 's loyalty program , baggage fees , ticketing change fees , airport clubs and inflight services . other revenue increased $ 218 million , or 4.7 % , in 2016 from 2015 driven by an increase in loyalty program revenue . in 2016 and 2015 , other revenues associated with american 's loyalty program were $ 2.1 billion and $ 1.9 billion , respectively , of which $ 1.9 billion and $ 1.7 billion , respectively , related to the marketing component of mileage sales and other marketing related payments . this year-over-year increase was due to american 's new co-branded credit card agreements which became effective in the third quarter of 2016. see note 1 ( i ) to american 's consolidated financial statements in part ii , item 8b for additional information on the loyalty program . operating expenses replace_table_token_29_th total operating expenses were $ 34.9 billion in 2016 , an increase of $ 110 million , or 0.3 % , from 2015. the increase in operating expenses was due to higher salaries , wages and benefits driven by new labor contracts and the addition of an employee profit sharing program ; however , these costs were substantially offset by a year-over-year decline in fuel costs . significant changes in the components of mainline operating expenses are as follows : aircraft fuel and related taxes decreased 18.5 % primarily due

sources and uses of cash aag and american 2016 compared to 2015 operating activities aag 's net cash provided by operating activities was $ 6.5 billion and $ 6.2 billion in 2016 and 2015 , respectively . while aag 's profitability was lower in 2016 as compared to 2015 , cash provided by operating activities increased $ 275 million driven by certain payments received related to our new co-branded credit card agreements that became effective in the third quarter of 2016 . 69 american 's net cash provided by operating activities was $ 1.8 billion and $ 2.6 billion in 2016 and 2015 , respectively , a year-over-year decrease of $ 837 million . we have the ability to move funds freely between our subsidiaries to support our cash requirements . the decline in american 's operating cash flows from 2016 to 2015 was primarily due to intercompany transfers of cash from american to aag in order to fund higher share repurchases in 2016. additionally , in 2015 , american 's operating cash flows included the proceeds from the $ 500 million issuance of aag 's 4.625 % senior notes , which also contributed to the year-over-year decline in operating cash flows . these declines were offset in part by the cash payments related to credit card agreements discussed above . investing activities aag 's net cash used in investing activities was $ 5.7 billion and $ 5.6 billion in 2016 and 2015 , respectively . american 's net cash used in investing activities was $ 5.6 billion in each of 2016 and 2015. aag and american 's principal investing activities in 2016 each included expenditures of $ 5.7 billion for property and equipment , primarily 97 newly delivered aircraft , including 25 airbus a321 aircraft , 24 embraer 175 aircraft , 20 boeing 737-800 aircraft , 18 bombardier crj900 aircraft , eight boeing 787 aircraft and two boeing 777 aircraft . we also had net purchases of $ 149 million of short-term investments .


 Write a concise suspicious activity report of the following text delimited by triple backquotes. Return your response as a formal report which covers the key points highlighting the location,dates,entity names and account holder information in chronological order of the text.
     ```sources and uses of cash aag and american 2016 compared to 2015 operating activities aag 's net cash provided by operating activities was $ 6.5 billion and $ 6.2 billion in 2016 and 2015 , respectively . while aag 's profitability was lower in 2016 as compared to 2015 , cash provided by operating activities increased $ 275 million driven by certain payments received related to our new co-branded credit card agreements that became effective in the third quarter of 2016 . 69 american 's net cash provided by operating activities was $ 1.8 billion and $ 2.6 billion in 2016 and 2015 , respectively , a year-over-year decrease of $ 837 million . we have the ability to move funds freely between our subsidiaries to support our cash requirements . the decline in american 's operating cash flows from 2016 to 2015 was primarily due to intercompany transfers of cash from american to aag in order to fund higher share repurchases in 2016. additionally , in 2015 , american 's operating cash flows included the proceeds from the $ 500 million issuance of aag 's 4.625 % senior notes , which also contributed to the year-over-year decline in operating cash flows . these declines were offset in part by the cash payments related to credit card agreements discussed above . investing activities aag 's net cash used in investing activities was $ 5.7 billion and $ 5.6 billion in 2016 and 2015 , respectively . american 's net cash used in investing activities was $ 5.6 billion in each of 2016 and 2015. aag and american 's principal investing activities in 2016 each included expenditures of $ 5.7 billion for property and equipment , primarily 97 newly delivered aircraft , including 25 airbus a321 aircraft , 24 embraer 175 aircraft , 20 boeing 737-800 aircraft , 18 bombardier crj900 aircraft , eight boeing 787 aircraft and two boeing 777 aircraft . we also had net purchases of $ 149 million of short-term investments .
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 Suspicious Activity Report : continued periods of high volatility in fuel costs , increased fuel prices or significant disruptions in the supply of aircraft fuel could have a significant negative impact on our operating results and liquidity. aag 's 2016 results the selected financial data presented below is derived from aag 's audited consolidated financial statements included in part ii , item 8a of this report and should be read in conjunction with those financial statements and the related notes thereto . replace_table_token_14_th 51 ( 1 ) see part ii , item 6. selected consolidated financial data  reconciliation of gaap to non-gaap financial measures and note 2 to aag 's consolidated financial statements in part ii , item 8a for details on the components of special items . net income and pre-tax income we realized net income of $ 2.7 billion in 2016. this compares to $ 7.6 billion of net income in 2015 , which included a special $ 3.0 billion non-cash tax benefit , as we reversed the valuation allowance on our deferred tax assets , which include our federal and state nols . as a result of the reversal of the valuation allowance , we recorded a $ 1.6 billion provision for income taxes in 2016 , which is substantially non-cash due to the utilization of nols . accordingly , amounts reported in 2016 for income tax provision and net income are not comparable to 2015. therefore , pre-tax income and pre-tax income excluding special items provides a more meaningful year-over-year comparison . the exclusion of special items provides investors the ability to measure financial performance in a way that is more indicative of our ongoing performance and is more comparable to financial measures presented by other major airlines . management uses pre-tax income excluding special items to evaluate our financial performance . we realized pre-tax income of $ 4.3 billion and $ 4.6 billion in 2016 and 2015 , respectively . excluding the effects of pre-tax special items , pre-tax income was $ 5.1 billion and $ 6.3 billion in 2016 and 2015 , respectively . our 2016 pre-tax results on both a gaap basis and excluding pre-tax net special items were impacted by a decline in revenues due to lower yields . salaries , wages and benefits costs were higher in 2016 , driven by our new labor contracts and the addition of an employee profit sharing program ; however , these increases were substantially offset by a year-over-year decline in fuel costs . for reconciliation of pre-tax and net income excluding special items to their comparable measures on a gaap basis , see part ii , item 6. selected consolidated financial data  reconciliation of gaap to non-gaap financial measures. revenue in 2016 , we reported operating revenues of $ 40.2 billion , a decrease of $ 810 million , or 2.0 % , as compared to 2015. mainline and regional passenger revenues were $ 34.6 billion , a decrease of $ 933 million , or 2.6 % , as compared to 2015. the decline in mainline and regional passenger revenues was due to lower yields driven by competitive capacity growth , macroeconomic softness outside of the united states and foreign currency weakness . this decline was offset in part by an increase in other operating revenues primarily due to our new co-branded credit card agreements which became effective in the third quarter of 2016. our mainline and regional total revenue per available seat mile ( trasm ) was 14.70 cents in 2016 , a 3.7 % decrease as compared to 15.25 cents in 2015. fuel our mainline and regional fuel expense totaled $ 6.2 billion in 2016 , which was $ 1.3 billion , or 17.1 % , lower as compared to 2015. this decrease was driven by a 17.6 % decrease in the average price per gallon of fuel to $ 1.42 in 2016 from $ 1.72 in 2015. as of december 31 , 2016 , we did not have any fuel hedging contracts outstanding to hedge our fuel consumption . as such , and assuming we do not enter into any future transactions to hedge our fuel consumption , we will continue to be fully exposed to fluctuations in fuel prices . our current policy is not to enter into transactions to hedge our fuel consumption , although we review that policy from time to time based on market conditions and other factors . 52 other costs we remain committed to actively managing our cost structure , which we believe is necessary in an industry whose economic prospects are heavily dependent upon two variables we can not control : the health of the economy and the price of fuel . our 2016 mainline casm was 11.94 cents , a decrease of 0.8 % , from 12.03 cents in 2015. the decrease was primarily driven by lower fuel costs , offset in part by higher salaries , wages and benefits associated with new labor contracts and the addition of an employee profit sharing program . our 2016 mainline casm excluding special items and fuel was 9.54 cents , an increase of 6.1 % , from 8.99 cents in 2015 , which was primarily driven by higher salaries , wages and benefits as described above . for a reconciliation of mainline casm excluding special items and fuel , see part ii , item 6. selected consolidated financial data  reconciliation of gaap to non-gaap financial measures. liquidity and stockholder returns as of december 31 , 2016 , we had approximately $ 8.8 billion in total available liquidity , consisting of $ 6.4 billion in unrestricted cash and investments and $ 2.4 billion in undrawn revolving credit facilities . we also had approximately $ 638 million in restricted cash . during 2016 , we returned $ 4.6 billion to our stockholders , including quarterly dividend payments of $ 224 million and the repurchase of $ 4.4 billion of common stock , or 119.8 million shares . story_separator_special_tag regional operating expenses total regional expenses decreased $ 533 million , or 8.2 % , in 2015 as compared to 2014. the year-over-year decrease was primarily due to a $ 779 million , or 38.8 % , decrease in fuel costs , offset in part by a $ 246 million , or 5.4 % , increase in other regional operating expenses . the average price per gallon of fuel decreased 40.9 % to $ 1.73 in 2015 from $ 2.92 in 2014. the increase in other regional operating expenses was principally due to increased flying under capacity purchase agreements . see note 1 to aag 's consolidated financial statements in part ii , item 8a for further information on regional expenses . nonoperating results replace_table_token_27_th our short-term investments in each period consisted of highly liquid investments that provided nominal returns . in 2015 , other nonoperating expense , net primarily included a $ 592 million special charge to write off all of the value of venezuelan bolivars held by us due to continued lack of repatriations and deterioration of economic conditions in venezuela . we also incurred $ 159 million of net foreign 62 currency losses . the foreign currency losses in 2015 were driven primarily by the strengthening of the u.s. dollar relative to other currencies , principally in latin american and european markets . in 2014 , other nonoperating expense , net primarily included $ 114 million of net foreign currency losses , including a $ 43 million special charge for venezuelan foreign currency losses and $ 56 million of special charges primarily due to early debt extinguishment costs related to the prepayment of our 7.50 % senior secured notes and other indebtedness . the foreign currency losses in 2014 were driven primarily by the strengthening of the u.s. dollar relative to other currencies , principally in the latin american market . income taxes in 2015 , we reversed $ 3.0 billion of the valuation allowance on our deferred tax assets , which resulted in a special non-cash tax benefit recorded in our consolidated statement of operations . in 2014 , we recorded a $ 330 million provision for income taxes , which included $ 346 million of special tax charges . during 2014 , we sold our portfolio of fuel hedging contracts that were scheduled to settle on or after june 30 , 2014. as a result , a special $ 330 million non-cash tax provision was recorded , which is the tax effect associated with gains recorded in oci principally in 2009 due to a net increase in the fair value of our fuel hedging contracts . see note 6 to aag 's consolidated financial statements in part ii , item 8a for additional information on income taxes . american 's results of operations results of operations  2016 compared to 2015 american realized net income of $ 2.8 billion in 2016. this compares to $ 8.1 billion of net income in 2015 , which included a special $ 3.5 billion non-cash tax benefit as american reversed the valuation allowance on its deferred tax assets , which include its federal and state nols . as a result of the reversal of the valuation allowance , american recorded a $ 1.7 billion provision for income taxes in 2016 , which is substantially non-cash due to the utilization of nols . accordingly , amounts reported in 2016 for income tax provision and net income are not comparable to 2015. american realized pre-tax income of $ 4.4 billion and $ 4.7 billion in 2016 and 2015 , respectively . american 's 2016 pre-tax income was impacted by a decline in revenues due to lower yields . salaries , wages and benefits costs were higher in 2016 , driven by american 's new labor contracts and the addition of an employee profit sharing program ; however , these increases were substantially offset by a year-over-year decline in fuel costs . operating revenues replace_table_token_28_th total operating revenues in 2016 decreased $ 775 million , or 1.9 % , from 2015 driven by lower passenger revenues offset in part by higher other revenue . 63 total passenger revenues declined $ 933 million , or 2.6 % , in 2016 from 2015 driven by a decrease in yield due to competitive capacity growth , macroeconomic softness outside of the united states and foreign currency weakness . cargo revenue decreased $ 60 million , or 7.9 % , in 2016 from 2015 driven primarily by a decrease in domestic and international freight yields . other revenue primarily includes revenue associated with american 's loyalty program , baggage fees , ticketing change fees , airport clubs and inflight services . other revenue increased $ 218 million , or 4.7 % , in 2016 from 2015 driven by an increase in loyalty program revenue . in 2016 and 2015 , other revenues associated with american 's loyalty program were $ 2.1 billion and $ 1.9 billion , respectively , of which $ 1.9 billion and $ 1.7 billion , respectively , related to the marketing component of mileage sales and other marketing related payments . this year-over-year increase was due to american 's new co-branded credit card agreements which became effective in the third quarter of 2016. see note 1 ( i ) to american 's consolidated financial statements in part ii , item 8b for additional information on the loyalty program . operating expenses replace_table_token_29_th total operating expenses were $ 34.9 billion in 2016 , an increase of $ 110 million , or 0.3 % , from 2015. the increase in operating expenses was due to higher salaries , wages and benefits driven by new labor contracts and the addition of an employee profit sharing program ; however , these costs were substantially offset by a year-over-year decline in fuel costs . significant changes in the components of mainline operating expenses are as follows : aircraft fuel and related taxes decreased 18.5 % primarily due

