one of the company 's strategic objectives is to harness the power of our global platform by improving effectiveness and efficiency , and allocating our resources to the opportunities that will best benefit clients and our business . consistent with this objective , business optimization charges of $ 16.2 million were recorded in the fourth quarter of 2015 , including $ 12.2 million of staff severance costs recorded in employee compensation associated with a business transformation initiative . this is the first part of a broad program that will continue through 2016 focused on transforming several key business support functions to become more effective and efficient and will leverage shared service centers , outsourcing , automation of key processes and optimization of the company 's office footprint . incremental implementation costs in 2016 are estimated to be up to $ 85 million and the initiative is expected to generate ongoing cost savings that will more than fully offset the implementation expense within a three year time frame after completion . the investment management industry is subject to extensive levels of ongoing regulatory oversight and examination . in the u.s. , u.k. , and other jurisdictions in which the company operates , governmental authorities regularly make inquiries , conduct investigations and administer examinations with respect to compliance with applicable laws and regulations . general and administrative expenses for the fourth quarter of 2015 include a provision of $ 12.6 million pertaining to regulatory investigations and related legal fees of $ 0.5 million . this includes $ 7.6 million associated with our private equity business . in the first quarter of 2015 , the company acquired deutsche bank 's u.s. commodity u.s. etf business for a purchase price composed of contingent consideration payable in future periods . during 2015 , changes in the fair value of the contingent consideration liability generated a gain of $ 27.1 million , which was recorded in other gains and losses , net . during the fourth quarter of 2015 the company announced that it intends to increase its ownership of religare invesco asset management company , our joint venture in india , from 49 % to 100 % . the acquisition of this controlling interest is expected to close in early 2016 , pending regulatory approvals . regulators in various jurisdictions have proposed or are exploring changes to the manner in which fund distributers are compensated for the services they provide . the u.k. financial conduct authority ( fca ) implemented its retail distribution review ( “ rdr ” ) , which is reshaping the manner in which retail investment funds are sold in the u.k. by changing how retail clients pay for investment advice given in respect of all retail investment products . invesco prepared for the rdr implementation by offering investment funds to u.k. investors which are priced at a reduced gross management fee , but which in turn do not result in the payment by the company of a distribution fee to the intermediary . these changes have not had a significant impact to date on net revenues as investors move into these offerings . other countries have announced similar distribution fee reviews . in the u.s. , the sec has previously proposed and may repurpose significant changes to rule 12b-1 , and may propose other regulatory changes impacting distribution of investment funds . presentation of management 's discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations impact of consolidated sponsored investment products and consolidated investment products the company provides investment management services to , and has transactions with , various private equity , real estate , fund-of-funds , collateralized loan obligation products ( clos ) , and other investment entities sponsored by the company for the investment of client assets in the normal course of business . the company serves as the investment manager , making day-to-day investment decisions concerning the assets of the products . the company is required to consolidate certain managed funds from time-to-time , as discussed more fully in item 8 , financial statements and supplementary data , note 1 `` accounting policies basis of accounting and consolidation . `` 28 investment products that are consolidated are referred to in this report as either consolidated sponsored investment products ( csip ) , which generally include investment products in which invesco holds the majority of the voting rights or partnerships in which the company has substantive equity at risk but in which the other investors lack removal or liquidation rights , or consolidated investment products ( cip ) , which includes consolidated nominally-held investment products . this distinction is important , as it differentiates the company 's economic risk associated with each type of consolidated managed fund . the company 's economic risk with respect to each investment in a csip and a cip is limited to its equity ownership and any uncollected management and performance fees . the presentation of the grossed up gains and losses arising from the consolidation of nominally-held cip do not have a significant impact on the company 's results of operations , liquidity , or capital resources . gains and losses arising from majority-held csip could have a significant impact on the company 's results of operations , as the company has greater economic risk associated with its investment . see item 8 , financial statements and supplementary data , - note 1 `` accounting policies , `` note 19 , `` consolidated sponsored investment products , `` and note 20 , `` consolidated investment products , `` for additional information regarding the impact of consolidation of managed funds . the majority of the company 's cip balances are clo-related . the collateral assets of the clos are held solely to satisfy the obligations of the clos . story_separator_special_tag during the year ended december 31 , 2013 , foreign exchange rate changes decreased aum by $ 1.9 billion , driven by the weakening of the canadian dollar and the japanese yen relative to the u.s. dollar , partially offset by the strengthening of the pound sterling and the euro relative to the u.s. dollar . revenue yield net revenue yield on aum increased 0.1 basis points to 45.8 basis points in the year ended december 31 , 2015 from the year ended december 31 , 2014 level of 45.7 basis points ( december 31 , 2013 : 44.8 basis points ) . excluding performance fees , the net revenue yield decreased 0.2 basis points to 44.6 basis points in the year ended december 31 , 2015 from the year ended december 31 , 2014 level of 44.8 basis points ( december 31 , 2013 : 43.9 basis points ) . changes in our aum mix can significantly impact our net revenue yield . for example , on an asset class basis , our equity , alternative , and balanced aum generally earn a higher net revenue rate than money market and fixed income aum . the combination of average equity , average alternative and average balanced aum equated to 67.7 % of total average aum in 2015 , very similar to the 67.6 % in 2014 . this very similar asset class mix correlates with very little change in net revenue yield in 2015 when compared to 2014 . the tables that follow present aum by total aum and passive aum . passive aum generally earn a lower effective fee rate than active asset classes . at december 31 , 2015 , passive aum were $ 139.1 billion , representing 17.9 % of total aum at that date ; whereas at december 31 , 2014 , passive aum were $ 141.4 billion , representing 17.8 % of our total aum at that date . the decrease in passive aum during 2015 is driven by outflows from the invesco powershares qqq fund , and is offset by long-term net inflows . the invesco powershares qqq fund aum increased to $ 42.9 billion at december 31 , 2015 compared to $ 40.7 billion at december 31 , 2014 ( $ 45.7 billion at december 31 , 2013 ) . the revenue yield for invesco on this product is less than 1 basis point , reimbursing invesco for the portfolio trading services provided to the fund . in the year ended december 31 , 2015 , the net revenue yield on passive aum was 14.5 basis points compared to 13.0 basis points in the year ended december 31 , 2014 , an increase of 1.5 basis points , due to changes in mix of passive aum . gross revenue yield on aum decreased 0.5 basis points to 65.0 basis points in the year ended december 31 , 2015 from the year ended december 31 , 2014 level of 65.5 basis points ( december 31 , 2013 : 64.4 basis points ) . management does not consider gross revenue yield , the most comparable u.s. gaap-based measure to net revenue yield , to be a meaningful effective fee rate measure for the reasons outlined in footnote 2 to the changes in aum table above . see “ schedule of non-gaap information ” for a reconciliation of operating revenues ( gross revenues ) to net revenues . 34 changes in our aum by channel , asset class , and client domicile , and average aum by asset class , are presented below : total aum by channel ( 1,2 ) replace_table_token_10_th see accompanying notes immediately following these aum tables . 35 passive aum by channel ( 2 ) replace_table_token_11_th see accompanying notes immediately following these aum tables . 36 total aum by asset class ( 1,3 ) replace_table_token_12_th see accompanying notes immediately following these aum tables . 37 passive aum by asset class ( 3 ) replace_table_token_13_th see accompanying notes immediately following these aum tables . 38 total aum by client domicile ( 1,6 ) replace_table_token_14_th see accompanying notes immediately following these aum tables . 39 passive aum by client domicile ( 6 ) replace_table_token_15_th ( 1 ) on december 31 , 2013 , the company completed the sale of atlantic trust . all aum amounts quoted in the tables exclude the aum of the discontinued operations , atlantic trust . ( 2 ) channel refers to the internal distribution channel from which the aum originated . retail aum represents aum distributed by the company 's retail sales team . institutional aum represents aum distributed by our institutional sales team . this aggregation is viewed as a proxy for presenting aum in the retail and institutional markets in which the company operates . ( 3 ) asset classes are descriptive groupings of aum by common type of underlying investments . ( 4 ) see item 1 , “ business - investment management capabilities ” for a description of the investment objectives included within the alternatives asset class . ( 5 ) ending money market aum includes $ 58.5 billion in institutional money market aum and $ 6.1 billion in retail money market aum . ( 6 ) client domicile disclosure groups aum by the domicile of the underlying clients . 40 results of operations for the years ended december 31 , 2015 compared to december 31 , 2014 compared to december 31 , 2013 to assist in the comparisons , the discussion that follows will separate the impact of cip from the overall consolidated results of operations . the impact is illustrated in the tables immediately below by a column which shows the dollar-value change in the consolidated figures , as caused by the consolidation of cip . for example , the impact of cip on total operating revenues for the year ended december 31 , 2015 was a reduction of $ 39.2 million . this indicates that the consolidation of cip reduced consolidated

: cash provided of $ 1,395.7 million ) . excluding the impact of cip , financing activities used cash of $ 488.9 million in the year ended december 31 , 2015 ( 2014 : cash used of $ 533.2 million ) . financing cash outflows during the year ended december 31 , 2015 included the purchase of shares through market transactions totaling $ 548.8 million ( 2014 : $ 269.6 million ) $ 454.5 million of dividend payments for the dividends declared in january , april , july and november 2015 ( 2014 : dividends paid of $ 424.0 million ) , and payment of $ 11.3 million of contingent consideration related to the deutsche bank management contract purchase ( 2014 : zero ) . other financing cash inflows in 2015 include cash proceeds of $ 495.5 million received upon the completion of the issuance of senior notes with aggregate principal amounts of $ 500 million at 3.75 % due january 15 , 2026 , net cash of $ 5.3 million invested into csip by third-party investors ( 2014 : $ 161.1 million ) , cash received from the exercise of options of $ 3.7 million ( 2014 : $ 11.0 million ) and excess tax benefits from share-based compensation of $ 21.2 million ( 2014 : $ 24.0 million ) . financing cash inflows during 2013 included cash proceeds of $ 981.5 million received upon the completion of the issuance of senior notes with aggregate principal amounts of $ 600.0 million at 4.000 % due january 30 , 2024 and $ 400.0 million at 5.375 % due november 30 , 2043. the proceeds were used , in part , to repay the outstanding balance of $ 586.5 million on the credit facility .


 Write a concise suspicious activity report of the following text delimited by triple backquotes. Return your response as a formal report which covers the key points highlighting the location,dates,entity names and account holder information in chronological order of the text.
     ```: cash provided of $ 1,395.7 million ) . excluding the impact of cip , financing activities used cash of $ 488.9 million in the year ended december 31 , 2015 ( 2014 : cash used of $ 533.2 million ) . financing cash outflows during the year ended december 31 , 2015 included the purchase of shares through market transactions totaling $ 548.8 million ( 2014 : $ 269.6 million ) $ 454.5 million of dividend payments for the dividends declared in january , april , july and november 2015 ( 2014 : dividends paid of $ 424.0 million ) , and payment of $ 11.3 million of contingent consideration related to the deutsche bank management contract purchase ( 2014 : zero ) . other financing cash inflows in 2015 include cash proceeds of $ 495.5 million received upon the completion of the issuance of senior notes with aggregate principal amounts of $ 500 million at 3.75 % due january 15 , 2026 , net cash of $ 5.3 million invested into csip by third-party investors ( 2014 : $ 161.1 million ) , cash received from the exercise of options of $ 3.7 million ( 2014 : $ 11.0 million ) and excess tax benefits from share-based compensation of $ 21.2 million ( 2014 : $ 24.0 million ) . financing cash inflows during 2013 included cash proceeds of $ 981.5 million received upon the completion of the issuance of senior notes with aggregate principal amounts of $ 600.0 million at 4.000 % due january 30 , 2024 and $ 400.0 million at 5.375 % due november 30 , 2043. the proceeds were used , in part , to repay the outstanding balance of $ 586.5 million on the credit facility .
```    
 Suspicious Activity Report : one of the company 's strategic objectives is to harness the power of our global platform by improving effectiveness and efficiency , and allocating our resources to the opportunities that will best benefit clients and our business . consistent with this objective , business optimization charges of $ 16.2 million were recorded in the fourth quarter of 2015 , including $ 12.2 million of staff severance costs recorded in employee compensation associated with a business transformation initiative . this is the first part of a broad program that will continue through 2016 focused on transforming several key business support functions to become more effective and efficient and will leverage shared service centers , outsourcing , automation of key processes and optimization of the company 's office footprint . incremental implementation costs in 2016 are estimated to be up to $ 85 million and the initiative is expected to generate ongoing cost savings that will more than fully offset the implementation expense within a three year time frame after completion . the investment management industry is subject to extensive levels of ongoing regulatory oversight and examination . in the u.s. , u.k. , and other jurisdictions in which the company operates , governmental authorities regularly make inquiries , conduct investigations and administer examinations with respect to compliance with applicable laws and regulations . general and administrative expenses for the fourth quarter of 2015 include a provision of $ 12.6 million pertaining to regulatory investigations and related legal fees of $ 0.5 million . this includes $ 7.6 million associated with our private equity business . in the first quarter of 2015 , the company acquired deutsche bank 's u.s. commodity u.s. etf business for a purchase price composed of contingent consideration payable in future periods . during 2015 , changes in the fair value of the contingent consideration liability generated a gain of $ 27.1 million , which was recorded in other gains and losses , net . during the fourth quarter of 2015 the company announced that it intends to increase its ownership of religare invesco asset management company , our joint venture in india , from 49 % to 100 % . the acquisition of this controlling interest is expected to close in early 2016 , pending regulatory approvals . regulators in various jurisdictions have proposed or are exploring changes to the manner in which fund distributers are compensated for the services they provide . the u.k. financial conduct authority ( fca ) implemented its retail distribution review ( “ rdr ” ) , which is reshaping the manner in which retail investment funds are sold in the u.k. by changing how retail clients pay for investment advice given in respect of all retail investment products . invesco prepared for the rdr implementation by offering investment funds to u.k. investors which are priced at a reduced gross management fee , but which in turn do not result in the payment by the company of a distribution fee to the intermediary . these changes have not had a significant impact to date on net revenues as investors move into these offerings . other countries have announced similar distribution fee reviews . in the u.s. , the sec has previously proposed and may repurpose significant changes to rule 12b-1 , and may propose other regulatory changes impacting distribution of investment funds . presentation of management 's discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations impact of consolidated sponsored investment products and consolidated investment products the company provides investment management services to , and has transactions with , various private equity , real estate , fund-of-funds , collateralized loan obligation products ( clos ) , and other investment entities sponsored by the company for the investment of client assets in the normal course of business . the company serves as the investment manager , making day-to-day investment decisions concerning the assets of the products . the company is required to consolidate certain managed funds from time-to-time , as discussed more fully in item 8 , financial statements and supplementary data , note 1 `` accounting policies basis of accounting and consolidation . `` 28 investment products that are consolidated are referred to in this report as either consolidated sponsored investment products ( csip ) , which generally include investment products in which invesco holds the majority of the voting rights or partnerships in which the company has substantive equity at risk but in which the other investors lack removal or liquidation rights , or consolidated investment products ( cip ) , which includes consolidated nominally-held investment products . this distinction is important , as it differentiates the company 's economic risk associated with each type of consolidated managed fund . the company 's economic risk with respect to each investment in a csip and a cip is limited to its equity ownership and any uncollected management and performance fees . the presentation of the grossed up gains and losses arising from the consolidation of nominally-held cip do not have a significant impact on the company 's results of operations , liquidity , or capital resources . gains and losses arising from majority-held csip could have a significant impact on the company 's results of operations , as the company has greater economic risk associated with its investment . see item 8 , financial statements and supplementary data , - note 1 `` accounting policies , `` note 19 , `` consolidated sponsored investment products , `` and note 20 , `` consolidated investment products , `` for additional information regarding the impact of consolidation of managed funds . the majority of the company 's cip balances are clo-related . the collateral assets of the clos are held solely to satisfy the obligations of the clos . story_separator_special_tag during the year ended december 31 , 2013 , foreign exchange rate changes decreased aum by $ 1.9 billion , driven by the weakening of the canadian dollar and the japanese yen relative to the u.s. dollar , partially offset by the strengthening of the pound sterling and the euro relative to the u.s. dollar . revenue yield net revenue yield on aum increased 0.1 basis points to 45.8 basis points in the year ended december 31 , 2015 from the year ended december 31 , 2014 level of 45.7 basis points ( december 31 , 2013 : 44.8 basis points ) . excluding performance fees , the net revenue yield decreased 0.2 basis points to 44.6 basis points in the year ended december 31 , 2015 from the year ended december 31 , 2014 level of 44.8 basis points ( december 31 , 2013 : 43.9 basis points ) . changes in our aum mix can significantly impact our net revenue yield . for example , on an asset class basis , our equity , alternative , and balanced aum generally earn a higher net revenue rate than money market and fixed income aum . the combination of average equity , average alternative and average balanced aum equated to 67.7 % of total average aum in 2015 , very similar to the 67.6 % in 2014 . this very similar asset class mix correlates with very little change in net revenue yield in 2015 when compared to 2014 . the tables that follow present aum by total aum and passive aum . passive aum generally earn a lower effective fee rate than active asset classes . at december 31 , 2015 , passive aum were $ 139.1 billion , representing 17.9 % of total aum at that date ; whereas at december 31 , 2014 , passive aum were $ 141.4 billion , representing 17.8 % of our total aum at that date . the decrease in passive aum during 2015 is driven by outflows from the invesco powershares qqq fund , and is offset by long-term net inflows . the invesco powershares qqq fund aum increased to $ 42.9 billion at december 31 , 2015 compared to $ 40.7 billion at december 31 , 2014 ( $ 45.7 billion at december 31 , 2013 ) . the revenue yield for invesco on this product is less than 1 basis point , reimbursing invesco for the portfolio trading services provided to the fund . in the year ended december 31 , 2015 , the net revenue yield on passive aum was 14.5 basis points compared to 13.0 basis points in the year ended december 31 , 2014 , an increase of 1.5 basis points , due to changes in mix of passive aum . gross revenue yield on aum decreased 0.5 basis points to 65.0 basis points in the year ended december 31 , 2015 from the year ended december 31 , 2014 level of 65.5 basis points ( december 31 , 2013 : 64.4 basis points ) . management does not consider gross revenue yield , the most comparable u.s. gaap-based measure to net revenue yield , to be a meaningful effective fee rate measure for the reasons outlined in footnote 2 to the changes in aum table above . see “ schedule of non-gaap information ” for a reconciliation of operating revenues ( gross revenues ) to net revenues . 34 changes in our aum by channel , asset class , and client domicile , and average aum by asset class , are presented below : total aum by channel ( 1,2 ) replace_table_token_10_th see accompanying notes immediately following these aum tables . 35 passive aum by channel ( 2 ) replace_table_token_11_th see accompanying notes immediately following these aum tables . 36 total aum by asset class ( 1,3 ) replace_table_token_12_th see accompanying notes immediately following these aum tables . 37 passive aum by asset class ( 3 ) replace_table_token_13_th see accompanying notes immediately following these aum tables . 38 total aum by client domicile ( 1,6 ) replace_table_token_14_th see accompanying notes immediately following these aum tables . 39 passive aum by client domicile ( 6 ) replace_table_token_15_th ( 1 ) on december 31 , 2013 , the company completed the sale of atlantic trust . all aum amounts quoted in the tables exclude the aum of the discontinued operations , atlantic trust . ( 2 ) channel refers to the internal distribution channel from which the aum originated . retail aum represents aum distributed by the company 's retail sales team . institutional aum represents aum distributed by our institutional sales team . this aggregation is viewed as a proxy for presenting aum in the retail and institutional markets in which the company operates . ( 3 ) asset classes are descriptive groupings of aum by common type of underlying investments . ( 4 ) see item 1 , “ business - investment management capabilities ” for a description of the investment objectives included within the alternatives asset class . ( 5 ) ending money market aum includes $ 58.5 billion in institutional money market aum and $ 6.1 billion in retail money market aum . ( 6 ) client domicile disclosure groups aum by the domicile of the underlying clients . 40 results of operations for the years ended december 31 , 2015 compared to december 31 , 2014 compared to december 31 , 2013 to assist in the comparisons , the discussion that follows will separate the impact of cip from the overall consolidated results of operations . the impact is illustrated in the tables immediately below by a column which shows the dollar-value change in the consolidated figures , as caused by the consolidation of cip . for example , the impact of cip on total operating revenues for the year ended december 31 , 2015 was a reduction of $ 39.2 million . this indicates that the consolidation of cip reduced consolidated

