full-year 2016 net income decreased 4 % to $ 343 million and diluted net income per share decreased 1 % to $ 2.67 . all three of the company 's reportable segments experienced revenue growth , led by protiviti which increased 9 % in 2016 on a same-day , constant-currency basis compared to last year . during the third quarter of 2016 , the company successfully implemented a new front-office customer relationship management ( `` crm `` ) system for all temporary and permanent staffing branches in the united states as well as a new project management system for its risk consulting and internal audit services segment . the conversions went smoothly , and the company estimates that the related disruption and out-of-pocket costs had an adverse impact to its revenue and net income per share for the year of $ 9 million and $ 0.05 , respectively . we believe that the company is well positioned in the current macroeconomic environment . the united states economic backdrop during 2016 was stable for the company as real gross domestic product ( gdp ) grew 1.6 % , while the unemployment rate declined from 5.0 % in december 2015 to 4.7 % in december 2016 . in the united states , the number of job openings has exceeded the number of hires since february 2015 , creating competition for skilled talent that increases the company 's value to clients . a number of professional occupations are nearing full employment , which is placing pressure on the supply of available talent and increasing our value to clients . the secular demand for temporary staffing is also ongoing . the number of temporary workers as a percentage of the overall u.s. workforce remains near an all-time high , a sign employers are building flexible staffing options into their human resource plans with increasing frequency . 13 protiviti has successfully diversified its service offerings , built a loyal and growing client base , and is seeing steady demand in all of its major consulting solutions . protiviti provides clients with consulting solutions in finance , technology , operations , data , analytics , governance , risk and internal audit . we monitor various economic indicators and business trends in all of the countries in which we operate to anticipate demand for the company 's services . we evaluate these trends to determine the appropriate level of investment , including personnel , which will best position the company for success in the current and future global macroeconomic environment . the company 's investments in headcount are typically structured to proactively support and align with expected revenue growth trends . as such , during 2016 , temporary and permanent staffing headcount was relatively consistent with prior year-end levels , while risk consulting and internal audit headcount increased . we have limited visibility into future revenues not only due to the dependence on macroeconomic conditions noted above , but also because of the relatively short duration of the company 's client engagements . accordingly , we typically assess headcount and other investments on at least a quarterly basis . that said , based on current trends and conditions , we expect headcount levels for our full-time staff to remain relatively flat for each of our reporting segments throughout the first quarter of 2017. capital expenditures in 2016 totaled $ 83 million , approximately 60 % of which represented investments in software initiatives and technology infrastructure , both of which are important to the company 's future growth opportunities . major software initiatives include upgrades to enterprise resource planning and project management applications and the continued implementation of a global crm application . infrastructure and computer hardware initiatives for the year of 2016 have focused on delivering mobile technology to the company 's professional staff , upgrading data networks , and enhancing video capabilities and telecommunication systems . our major software initiatives were substantially implemented in 2016 , therefore we expect reduced capital expenditures in 2017. capital expenditures also included amounts spent on tenant improvements and furniture and equipment in the company 's leased offices . we currently expect that 2017 capital expenditures will range from $ 65 million to $ 75 million . critical accounting policies and estimates as described below , the company 's most critical accounting policies and estimates are those that involve subjective decisions or assessments . accounts receivable allowances . the company maintains allowances for estimated losses resulting from ( i ) the inability of its customers to make required payments , ( ii ) temporary placement sales adjustments , and ( iii ) permanent placement candidates not remaining with the client through the 90-day guarantee period , commonly referred to as “ fall offs ” . the company establishes these allowances based on its review of customers ' credit profiles , historical loss statistics and current trends . the adequacy of these allowances is reviewed each reporting period . historically , the company 's actual losses and credits have been consistent with these allowances . as a percentage of gross accounts receivable , the company 's accounts receivable allowances totaled 4.5 % and 4.7 % as of december 31 , 2016 and 2015 , respectively . as of december 31 , 2016 , a five-percentage point deviation in the company 's accounts receivable allowances balance would have resulted in an increase or decrease in the allowance of $ 1.7 million . although future results can not always be predicted by extrapolating past results , management believes that it is reasonably likely that future results will be consistent with historical trends and experience . however , if the financial condition of the company 's customers were to deteriorate , resulting in an impairment of their ability to make payments , or if unexpected events or significant future changes in trends were to occur , additional allowances may be required . income tax assets and liabilities . story_separator_special_tag in the u.s. , 2016 revenues increased 2.0 % on an as reported basis and 1.9 % on a same-day basis , compared to 2015 . for the company 's international operations , 2016 revenues increased 4.2 % on an as reported basis and 6.9 % on a same-day , constant-currency basis , compared to 2015 . permanent placement staffing revenues were $ 419 million for the year ended december 31 , 2016 , decreasing by 0.5 % compared to revenues of $ 421 million for the year ended december 31 , 2015 . key drivers of permanent placement staffing revenues consist of the number of candidate placements and average fees earned per placement . on a same-day , constant-currency basis , permanent placement revenues increased 0.3 % for 2016 compared to 2015 . the decrease in as reported revenue was driven primarily by a decrease in number of placements , partially offset by an increase in average fees earned per placement . in the u.s. , 2016 revenues increased 0.3 % on an as reported basis and 0.1 % on a same-day basis , compared to 2015 . for the company 's international operations , 2016 revenues decreased 2.3 % on an as reported basis , and on a same-day , constant-currency basis increased 0.6 % , compared to 2015 . historically , demand for permanent placement services is even 17 more sensitive to economic and labor market conditions than demand for temporary and consulting staffing and this is expected to continue . risk consulting and internal audit services revenues were $ 804 million for the year ended december 31 , 2016 , increasing by 8.3 % compared to revenues of $ 743 million for the year ended december 31 , 2015 . key drivers of risk consulting and internal audit services revenues are the billable hours worked by consultants on client engagements and average hourly bill rates . on a same-day , constant-currency basis , risk consulting and internal audit services revenues increased 8.5 % for 2016 compared to 2015 , due primarily to an increase in number of hours worked , partially offset by a decrease in average hourly bill rates . in the u.s. , 2016 revenues increased 8.0 % on an as reported basis , or 7.9 % on a same-day basis , compared to 2015 . for the company 's international operations , 2016 revenues increased 9.6 % on an as reported basis and 11.7 % on a same-day , constant-currency basis , compared to 2015 . a reconciliation of the non-gaap year-over-year revenue growth rates to the as reported year-over-year revenue growth rates for the year ended december 31 , 2016 , is presented in the following table : replace_table_token_4_th gross margin . the company 's gross margin dollars were $ 2.16 billion for the year ended december 31 , 2016 , up 2.2 % from $ 2.11 billion for the year ended december 31 , 2015 . contributing factors for each reportable segment are discussed below in further detail . gross margin dollars from the company 's temporary and consultant staffing represent revenues less direct costs of services , which consist of payroll , payroll taxes and benefit costs for temporary employees , and reimbursable expenses . the key drivers of gross margin are : i ) pay/bill spreads , which represent the differential between wages paid to temporary employees and amounts billed to clients ; ii ) fringe costs , which are primarily composed of payroll taxes and benefit costs for temporary and consultant staffing employees ; and iii ) conversion revenues , which are earned when a temporary position converts to a permanent position with the company 's client . gross margin dollars for the company 's temporary and consultant staffing division were $ 1.51 billion for the year ended december 31 , 2016 , up 3.2 % from $ 1.46 billion for the year ended december 31 , 2015 . as a percentage of revenues , gross margin dollars for temporary and consultant staffing were 37.5 % in 2016 , up from 37.2 % in 2015 . this year-over-year improvement in gross margin percentage of 0.3 % was primarily attributable to higher pay/bill spreads and lower payroll taxes and workers compensation costs , partially offset by lower conversion revenues as a percentage of applicable revenue in 2016 compared to 2015 . gross margin dollars from permanent placement staffing represent revenues less reimbursable expenses . gross margin dollars for the company 's permanent placement staffing division were $ 419 million for the year ended december 31 , 2016 , down 0.5 % from $ 421 million for the year ended december 31 , 2015 . because reimbursable expenses for permanent placement staffing services are de minimis , the decrease in gross margin dollars is substantially explained by the decrease in revenues previously discussed . gross margin dollars for risk consulting and internal audit services represent revenues less direct costs of services , which consist primarily of professional staff payroll , payroll taxes , benefit costs and reimbursable expenses . the primary drivers of 18 risk consulting and internal audit services gross margin are : i ) the relative composition of and number of professional staff and their respective pay and bill rates ; and ii ) staff utilization , which is the relationship of time spent on client engagements in proportion to the total time available for the company 's risk consulting and internal audit services staff . gross margin dollars for the company 's risk consulting and internal audit division were $ 231 million for the year ended december 31 , 2016 , up 0.4 % from $ 230 million for the year ended december 31 , 2015 . as a percentage of revenues , gross margin dollars for risk consulting and internal audit services were 28.7 % in 2016 , down from 31.0 % in 2015 . the decline in 2016 gross margin percentage compared to 2015 was

cash and cash equivalents were $ 260 million , $ 225 million , and $ 287 million at december 31 , 2016 , 2015 and 2014 , respectively . operating activities provided $ 442 million during the year ended december 31 , 2016 , offset by $ 112 million and $ 288 million of net cash used in investing activities and financing activities , respectively . operating activities provided $ 438 million during the year ended december 31 , 2015 , offset by $ 118 million and $ 369 million of net cash used in investing activities and financing activities , respectively . operating activities provided $ 341 million during the year ended december 31 , 2014 , offset by $ 89 million and $ 230 million of net cash used in investing activities and financing activities , respectively . operating activities—net cash provided by operating activities for the year ended december 31 , 2016 , was $ 442 million . this was composed of net income of $ 343 million adjusted upward for non-cash items of $ 113 million , offset by net cash used in changes in working capital of $ 14 million . net cash provided by operating activities for the year ended december 31 , 2015 , was composed ofnet income of $ 358 million adjusted upward for non-cash items of $ 89 million , offset by net cash used in changes in working capital of $ 9 million .


 Write a concise suspicious activity report of the following text delimited by triple backquotes. Return your response as a formal report which covers the key points highlighting the location,dates,entity names and account holder information in chronological order of the text.
     ```cash and cash equivalents were $ 260 million , $ 225 million , and $ 287 million at december 31 , 2016 , 2015 and 2014 , respectively . operating activities provided $ 442 million during the year ended december 31 , 2016 , offset by $ 112 million and $ 288 million of net cash used in investing activities and financing activities , respectively . operating activities provided $ 438 million during the year ended december 31 , 2015 , offset by $ 118 million and $ 369 million of net cash used in investing activities and financing activities , respectively . operating activities provided $ 341 million during the year ended december 31 , 2014 , offset by $ 89 million and $ 230 million of net cash used in investing activities and financing activities , respectively . operating activities—net cash provided by operating activities for the year ended december 31 , 2016 , was $ 442 million . this was composed of net income of $ 343 million adjusted upward for non-cash items of $ 113 million , offset by net cash used in changes in working capital of $ 14 million . net cash provided by operating activities for the year ended december 31 , 2015 , was composed ofnet income of $ 358 million adjusted upward for non-cash items of $ 89 million , offset by net cash used in changes in working capital of $ 9 million .
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 Suspicious Activity Report : full-year 2016 net income decreased 4 % to $ 343 million and diluted net income per share decreased 1 % to $ 2.67 . all three of the company 's reportable segments experienced revenue growth , led by protiviti which increased 9 % in 2016 on a same-day , constant-currency basis compared to last year . during the third quarter of 2016 , the company successfully implemented a new front-office customer relationship management ( `` crm `` ) system for all temporary and permanent staffing branches in the united states as well as a new project management system for its risk consulting and internal audit services segment . the conversions went smoothly , and the company estimates that the related disruption and out-of-pocket costs had an adverse impact to its revenue and net income per share for the year of $ 9 million and $ 0.05 , respectively . we believe that the company is well positioned in the current macroeconomic environment . the united states economic backdrop during 2016 was stable for the company as real gross domestic product ( gdp ) grew 1.6 % , while the unemployment rate declined from 5.0 % in december 2015 to 4.7 % in december 2016 . in the united states , the number of job openings has exceeded the number of hires since february 2015 , creating competition for skilled talent that increases the company 's value to clients . a number of professional occupations are nearing full employment , which is placing pressure on the supply of available talent and increasing our value to clients . the secular demand for temporary staffing is also ongoing . the number of temporary workers as a percentage of the overall u.s. workforce remains near an all-time high , a sign employers are building flexible staffing options into their human resource plans with increasing frequency . 13 protiviti has successfully diversified its service offerings , built a loyal and growing client base , and is seeing steady demand in all of its major consulting solutions . protiviti provides clients with consulting solutions in finance , technology , operations , data , analytics , governance , risk and internal audit . we monitor various economic indicators and business trends in all of the countries in which we operate to anticipate demand for the company 's services . we evaluate these trends to determine the appropriate level of investment , including personnel , which will best position the company for success in the current and future global macroeconomic environment . the company 's investments in headcount are typically structured to proactively support and align with expected revenue growth trends . as such , during 2016 , temporary and permanent staffing headcount was relatively consistent with prior year-end levels , while risk consulting and internal audit headcount increased . we have limited visibility into future revenues not only due to the dependence on macroeconomic conditions noted above , but also because of the relatively short duration of the company 's client engagements . accordingly , we typically assess headcount and other investments on at least a quarterly basis . that said , based on current trends and conditions , we expect headcount levels for our full-time staff to remain relatively flat for each of our reporting segments throughout the first quarter of 2017. capital expenditures in 2016 totaled $ 83 million , approximately 60 % of which represented investments in software initiatives and technology infrastructure , both of which are important to the company 's future growth opportunities . major software initiatives include upgrades to enterprise resource planning and project management applications and the continued implementation of a global crm application . infrastructure and computer hardware initiatives for the year of 2016 have focused on delivering mobile technology to the company 's professional staff , upgrading data networks , and enhancing video capabilities and telecommunication systems . our major software initiatives were substantially implemented in 2016 , therefore we expect reduced capital expenditures in 2017. capital expenditures also included amounts spent on tenant improvements and furniture and equipment in the company 's leased offices . we currently expect that 2017 capital expenditures will range from $ 65 million to $ 75 million . critical accounting policies and estimates as described below , the company 's most critical accounting policies and estimates are those that involve subjective decisions or assessments . accounts receivable allowances . the company maintains allowances for estimated losses resulting from ( i ) the inability of its customers to make required payments , ( ii ) temporary placement sales adjustments , and ( iii ) permanent placement candidates not remaining with the client through the 90-day guarantee period , commonly referred to as “ fall offs ” . the company establishes these allowances based on its review of customers ' credit profiles , historical loss statistics and current trends . the adequacy of these allowances is reviewed each reporting period . historically , the company 's actual losses and credits have been consistent with these allowances . as a percentage of gross accounts receivable , the company 's accounts receivable allowances totaled 4.5 % and 4.7 % as of december 31 , 2016 and 2015 , respectively . as of december 31 , 2016 , a five-percentage point deviation in the company 's accounts receivable allowances balance would have resulted in an increase or decrease in the allowance of $ 1.7 million . although future results can not always be predicted by extrapolating past results , management believes that it is reasonably likely that future results will be consistent with historical trends and experience . however , if the financial condition of the company 's customers were to deteriorate , resulting in an impairment of their ability to make payments , or if unexpected events or significant future changes in trends were to occur , additional allowances may be required . income tax assets and liabilities . story_separator_special_tag in the u.s. , 2016 revenues increased 2.0 % on an as reported basis and 1.9 % on a same-day basis , compared to 2015 . for the company 's international operations , 2016 revenues increased 4.2 % on an as reported basis and 6.9 % on a same-day , constant-currency basis , compared to 2015 . permanent placement staffing revenues were $ 419 million for the year ended december 31 , 2016 , decreasing by 0.5 % compared to revenues of $ 421 million for the year ended december 31 , 2015 . key drivers of permanent placement staffing revenues consist of the number of candidate placements and average fees earned per placement . on a same-day , constant-currency basis , permanent placement revenues increased 0.3 % for 2016 compared to 2015 . the decrease in as reported revenue was driven primarily by a decrease in number of placements , partially offset by an increase in average fees earned per placement . in the u.s. , 2016 revenues increased 0.3 % on an as reported basis and 0.1 % on a same-day basis , compared to 2015 . for the company 's international operations , 2016 revenues decreased 2.3 % on an as reported basis , and on a same-day , constant-currency basis increased 0.6 % , compared to 2015 . historically , demand for permanent placement services is even 17 more sensitive to economic and labor market conditions than demand for temporary and consulting staffing and this is expected to continue . risk consulting and internal audit services revenues were $ 804 million for the year ended december 31 , 2016 , increasing by 8.3 % compared to revenues of $ 743 million for the year ended december 31 , 2015 . key drivers of risk consulting and internal audit services revenues are the billable hours worked by consultants on client engagements and average hourly bill rates . on a same-day , constant-currency basis , risk consulting and internal audit services revenues increased 8.5 % for 2016 compared to 2015 , due primarily to an increase in number of hours worked , partially offset by a decrease in average hourly bill rates . in the u.s. , 2016 revenues increased 8.0 % on an as reported basis , or 7.9 % on a same-day basis , compared to 2015 . for the company 's international operations , 2016 revenues increased 9.6 % on an as reported basis and 11.7 % on a same-day , constant-currency basis , compared to 2015 . a reconciliation of the non-gaap year-over-year revenue growth rates to the as reported year-over-year revenue growth rates for the year ended december 31 , 2016 , is presented in the following table : replace_table_token_4_th gross margin . the company 's gross margin dollars were $ 2.16 billion for the year ended december 31 , 2016 , up 2.2 % from $ 2.11 billion for the year ended december 31 , 2015 . contributing factors for each reportable segment are discussed below in further detail . gross margin dollars from the company 's temporary and consultant staffing represent revenues less direct costs of services , which consist of payroll , payroll taxes and benefit costs for temporary employees , and reimbursable expenses . the key drivers of gross margin are : i ) pay/bill spreads , which represent the differential between wages paid to temporary employees and amounts billed to clients ; ii ) fringe costs , which are primarily composed of payroll taxes and benefit costs for temporary and consultant staffing employees ; and iii ) conversion revenues , which are earned when a temporary position converts to a permanent position with the company 's client . gross margin dollars for the company 's temporary and consultant staffing division were $ 1.51 billion for the year ended december 31 , 2016 , up 3.2 % from $ 1.46 billion for the year ended december 31 , 2015 . as a percentage of revenues , gross margin dollars for temporary and consultant staffing were 37.5 % in 2016 , up from 37.2 % in 2015 . this year-over-year improvement in gross margin percentage of 0.3 % was primarily attributable to higher pay/bill spreads and lower payroll taxes and workers compensation costs , partially offset by lower conversion revenues as a percentage of applicable revenue in 2016 compared to 2015 . gross margin dollars from permanent placement staffing represent revenues less reimbursable expenses . gross margin dollars for the company 's permanent placement staffing division were $ 419 million for the year ended december 31 , 2016 , down 0.5 % from $ 421 million for the year ended december 31 , 2015 . because reimbursable expenses for permanent placement staffing services are de minimis , the decrease in gross margin dollars is substantially explained by the decrease in revenues previously discussed . gross margin dollars for risk consulting and internal audit services represent revenues less direct costs of services , which consist primarily of professional staff payroll , payroll taxes , benefit costs and reimbursable expenses . the primary drivers of 18 risk consulting and internal audit services gross margin are : i ) the relative composition of and number of professional staff and their respective pay and bill rates ; and ii ) staff utilization , which is the relationship of time spent on client engagements in proportion to the total time available for the company 's risk consulting and internal audit services staff . gross margin dollars for the company 's risk consulting and internal audit division were $ 231 million for the year ended december 31 , 2016 , up 0.4 % from $ 230 million for the year ended december 31 , 2015 . as a percentage of revenues , gross margin dollars for risk consulting and internal audit services were 28.7 % in 2016 , down from 31.0 % in 2015 . the decline in 2016 gross margin percentage compared to 2015 was

