we have observed the following trends related to our profitability in recent years : our profitability improved in 2019 as compared to 2018 due to higher revenue as well as the effects of cost savings and efficiency initiatives we have undertaken . we expect to continue to undertake efforts intended to improve the efficiency of operations . if we are able to continue our efficiency efforts such that our rate of revenue growth exceeds our expense growth rate , we anticipate overall profitability improvement in 2020 as compared to 2019 . 22 network bandwidth costs represent a significant portion of our cost of revenue . historically , we have been able to mitigate increases in these costs by reducing our network bandwidth costs per unit and investing in internal-use software development to improve the performance and efficiency of our network . our total bandwidth costs may increase in the future as a result of expected higher traffic levels and serving more traffic from higher cost regions . we will need to continue to effectively manage our bandwidth costs to maintain current levels of profitability . co-location costs are also a significant portion of our cost of revenue . by improving our internal-use software and managing our hardware deployments to enable us to use servers more efficiently , we have been able to manage the growth of co-location costs . we expect to continue to scale our network in the future and will need to continue to effectively manage our co-location costs to maintain current levels of profitability . payroll and related costs stabilized in 2019 as compared to prior years . we expect to continue to manage our headcount and payroll costs in the future to focus investments on certain areas of the business while maintaining efficient operations in others . we expect to continue to hire employees in support of our strategic initiatives , but do not expect overall headcount to increase significantly in 2020. depreciation and amortization expense related to our network equipment decreased during 2019 as compared to 2018. we implemented software and hardware initiatives to manage our global network more efficiently ; as a result , the expected average useful life of our network assets , primarily servers , increased from four years to five years , effective january 1 , 2019. we expect to continue to invest in our network in 2020 , which will increase our capital expenditures and resulting depreciation expense . we report our revenue in two divisions : the web division and the media and carrier division . revenue by division is a customer-focused reporting view that reflects revenue from customers that are managed by the division . as the purchasing patterns and required account expertise of customers change over time , we may reassign a customer from one division to another . in 2019 , we reassigned some of our customers from the media and carrier division to the web division and revised historical results in order to reflect the most recent categorization and to provide a comparable view for all periods presented . 23 results of operations the following sets forth , as a percentage of revenue , consolidated statements of income data for the years indicated : replace_table_token_2_th revenue revenue during the periods presented is as follows ( in thousands ) : replace_table_token_3_th the increase in our revenue in 2019 as compared to 2018 was primarily the result of higher media traffic volumes , including from our large internet platform customers , and continued strong growth in sales of our cloud security solutions . cloud security solutions revenue for the year ended december 31 , 2019 was $ 848.7 million , compared to $ 658.7 million for the year ended december 31 , 2018 , which represents a 28.8 % increase . the increase in our revenue in 2018 as compared to 2017 was primarily the result of higher media traffic volumes , increased sales of our new product offerings and continued strong growth in our cloud security solutions . cloud security solutions revenue for the year ended december 31 , 2018 was $ 658.7 million , compared to $ 487.6 million for the year ended december 31 , 2017 , which represents a 35.1 % increase . the increase in web division revenue for 2019 as compared to 2018 was primarily the result of increased sales of both new and existing cloud security solutions to this customer base . the increase in web division revenue in 2018 as compared to 2017 was due to increased purchases of new solutions and upgrades to existing services by this customer base . increased sales of our cloud security solutions to web division customers , in particular our kona site defender , prolexic and managed security solutions , as well as our new bot manager offering were a principal contributor to our overall revenue growth in 2018 . 24 the increase in media and carrier division revenue for 2019 as compared to 2018 , as well as 2018 as compared to 2017 , was primarily the result of increased customer traffic volumes from video delivery and gaming customers and sales of cloud security solutions to this customer base . revenue derived in the u.s. and internationally during the periods presented is as follows ( in thousands ) : replace_table_token_4_th the u.s. growth rate for 2019 was negatively impacted by a reduction in prices paid by some of our customers , partially offset by an increase in revenue from our large internet platform customers , as these customers are based in the u.s. for the year ended december 31 , 2019 , approximately 41 % of our revenue was derived from our operations located outside of the u.s. , compared to 38 % for the year ended december 31 , 2018 , and 34 % for the year ended december 31 , 2017 . story_separator_special_tag the non-gaap financial measures do not replace the presentation of our gaap financial measures and should only be used as a supplement to , not as a substitute for , our financial results presented in accordance with gaap . the non-gaap adjustments , and our basis for excluding them from non-gaap financial measures , are outlined below : amortization of acquired intangible assets – we have incurred amortization of intangible assets , included in our gaap financial statements , related to various acquisitions we have made . the amount of an acquisition 's purchase price allocated to intangible assets and term of its related amortization can vary significantly and are unique to each acquisition ; therefore , we exclude amortization of acquired intangible assets from our non-gaap financial measures to provide investors with a consistent basis for comparing pre- and post-acquisition operating results . stock-based compensation and amortization of capitalized stock-based compensation – although stock-based compensation is an important aspect of the compensation paid to our employees , the grant date fair value varies based on the stock price at the time of grant , varying valuation methodologies , subjective assumptions and the variety of award types . this makes the comparison of our current financial results to previous and future periods difficult to interpret ; therefore , we believe it is useful to exclude stock-based compensation and amortization of capitalized stock-based compensation from our non-gaap financial measures in order to highlight the performance of our core business and to be consistent with the way many investors evaluate our performance and compare our operating results to peer companies . acquisition-related costs – acquisition-related costs include transaction fees , advisory fees , due diligence costs and other direct costs associated with strategic activities . in addition , subsequent adjustments to our initial estimated amounts of contingent consideration and indemnification associated with specific acquisitions are included within acquisition-related costs . these amounts are impacted by the timing and size of the acquisitions . we exclude acquisition-related costs from our non-gaap financial measures to provide a useful comparison of our operating results to prior periods and to our peer companies because such amounts vary significantly based on the magnitude of our acquisition transactions and do not reflect our core operations . 31 restructuring charges – we have incurred restructuring charges that are included in our gaap financial statements , primarily related to workforce reductions and estimated costs of exiting facility lease commitments . we exclude these items from our non-gaap financial measures when evaluating our continuing business performance as such items vary significantly based on the magnitude of the restructuring action and do not reflect expected future operating expenses . in addition , these charges do not necessarily provide meaningful insight into the fundamentals of current or past operations of our business . amortization of debt discount and issuance costs and amortization of capitalized interest expense – in august 2019 , we issued $ 1,150 million of convertible senior notes due 2027 with a coupon interest rate of 0.375 % . in may 2018 , we issued $ 1,150 million of convertible senior notes due 2025 with a coupon interest rate of 0.125 % . in february 2014 , we issued $ 690 million of convertible senior notes due 2019 with a coupon interest rate of 0 % . the imputed interest rates of these convertible senior notes were 3.10 % , 4.26 % and 3.20 % , respectively . this is a result of the debt discounts recorded for the conversion features that are required to be separately accounted for as equity under gaap , thereby reducing the carrying values of the convertible debt instruments . the debt discounts are amortized as interest expense together with the issuance costs of the debt . the interest expense excluded from our non-gaap results is comprised of these non-cash components and is excluded from management 's assessment of our operating performance because management believes the non-cash expense is not representative of ongoing operating performance . gains and losses on investments – we have recorded gains and losses from the disposition , changes to fair value and impairment of certain investments . we believe excluding these amounts from our non-gaap financial measures is useful to investors as the types of events giving rise to them are not representative of our core business operations and ongoing operating performance . legal and stockholder matter costs – we have incurred losses related to the settlement of legal matters and costs from professional service providers related to a non-routine stockholder matter . we believe excluding these amounts from our non-gaap financial measures is useful to investors as the types of events giving rise to them are not representative of our core business operations . endowment of akamai foundation – during the second quarter of 2018 , we incurred a charge to endow the akamai foundation . we believe excluding this amount from non-gaap financial measures is useful to investors as this one-time event is not representative of our core business operations . transformation costs – we have incurred professional services fees associated with internal transformation programs designed to improve operating margins and that are part of a planned program intended to significantly change the manner in which business is conducted . we believe excluding these amounts from our non-gaap financial measures is useful to investors as the types of events and activities giving rise to them occur infrequently and are not representative of our core business operations and ongoing operating performance . income and losses from equity method investment – we record income or losses on our share of earnings and losses of our equity method investment . we exclude such income and losses because we lack control over the operations of the investment and the related income and losses are not representative of our core business operations . income tax effect of non-gaap adjustments and certain discrete tax items – the non-gaap adjustments described above are reported on a

cash used in investing activities replace_table_token_20_th the increase in cash used in investing activities in 2019 as compared to 2018 was primarily driven by an increase in purchases of marketable securities with the proceeds from our august 2019 issuance of convertible senior notes , cash paid for acquired companies in 2019 , increased capital expenditures and cash invested in an equity method investment . the increase in cash used in investing activities in 2018 as compared to 2017 was driven by marketable securities activities . in 2017 , we did not reinvest all proceeds from sales and maturities of our marketable securities which created a cash inflow in that year . the increase in cash used in investing activities in 2018 as compared to 2017 was partially offset by the cash paid in 2017 for the acquisitions of nominum , inc. and soasta , inc. 36 cash ( used in ) provided by financing activities replace_table_token_21_th the change in net cash used in or provided by financing activities in 2019 as compared to 2018 was due to our repayment of $ 690 million of aggregate principal of convertible notes in 2019 , partially offset by a decrease in shares repurchased under our repurchase programs . the change in net cash used in or provided by financing activities during 2018 as compared to 2017 was the result of our issuance of convertible senior notes issued in may 2018 and related note hedge and warrant transactions . the increase was partially offset by an increase in shares repurchased under our repurchase programs . in february 2016 , the board of directors authorized a $ 1.0 billion share repurchase program that was effective from february 2016 through december 2018. in march 2018 , the board of directors increased the share repurchase authorization by $ 416.7 million , such that the amount that was authorized and available for repurchase in 2018 was $ 750.0 million .


 Write a concise suspicious activity report of the following text delimited by triple backquotes. Return your response as a formal report which covers the key points highlighting the location,dates,entity names and account holder information in chronological order of the text.
     ```cash used in investing activities replace_table_token_20_th the increase in cash used in investing activities in 2019 as compared to 2018 was primarily driven by an increase in purchases of marketable securities with the proceeds from our august 2019 issuance of convertible senior notes , cash paid for acquired companies in 2019 , increased capital expenditures and cash invested in an equity method investment . the increase in cash used in investing activities in 2018 as compared to 2017 was driven by marketable securities activities . in 2017 , we did not reinvest all proceeds from sales and maturities of our marketable securities which created a cash inflow in that year . the increase in cash used in investing activities in 2018 as compared to 2017 was partially offset by the cash paid in 2017 for the acquisitions of nominum , inc. and soasta , inc. 36 cash ( used in ) provided by financing activities replace_table_token_21_th the change in net cash used in or provided by financing activities in 2019 as compared to 2018 was due to our repayment of $ 690 million of aggregate principal of convertible notes in 2019 , partially offset by a decrease in shares repurchased under our repurchase programs . the change in net cash used in or provided by financing activities during 2018 as compared to 2017 was the result of our issuance of convertible senior notes issued in may 2018 and related note hedge and warrant transactions . the increase was partially offset by an increase in shares repurchased under our repurchase programs . in february 2016 , the board of directors authorized a $ 1.0 billion share repurchase program that was effective from february 2016 through december 2018. in march 2018 , the board of directors increased the share repurchase authorization by $ 416.7 million , such that the amount that was authorized and available for repurchase in 2018 was $ 750.0 million .
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 Suspicious Activity Report : we have observed the following trends related to our profitability in recent years : our profitability improved in 2019 as compared to 2018 due to higher revenue as well as the effects of cost savings and efficiency initiatives we have undertaken . we expect to continue to undertake efforts intended to improve the efficiency of operations . if we are able to continue our efficiency efforts such that our rate of revenue growth exceeds our expense growth rate , we anticipate overall profitability improvement in 2020 as compared to 2019 . 22 network bandwidth costs represent a significant portion of our cost of revenue . historically , we have been able to mitigate increases in these costs by reducing our network bandwidth costs per unit and investing in internal-use software development to improve the performance and efficiency of our network . our total bandwidth costs may increase in the future as a result of expected higher traffic levels and serving more traffic from higher cost regions . we will need to continue to effectively manage our bandwidth costs to maintain current levels of profitability . co-location costs are also a significant portion of our cost of revenue . by improving our internal-use software and managing our hardware deployments to enable us to use servers more efficiently , we have been able to manage the growth of co-location costs . we expect to continue to scale our network in the future and will need to continue to effectively manage our co-location costs to maintain current levels of profitability . payroll and related costs stabilized in 2019 as compared to prior years . we expect to continue to manage our headcount and payroll costs in the future to focus investments on certain areas of the business while maintaining efficient operations in others . we expect to continue to hire employees in support of our strategic initiatives , but do not expect overall headcount to increase significantly in 2020. depreciation and amortization expense related to our network equipment decreased during 2019 as compared to 2018. we implemented software and hardware initiatives to manage our global network more efficiently ; as a result , the expected average useful life of our network assets , primarily servers , increased from four years to five years , effective january 1 , 2019. we expect to continue to invest in our network in 2020 , which will increase our capital expenditures and resulting depreciation expense . we report our revenue in two divisions : the web division and the media and carrier division . revenue by division is a customer-focused reporting view that reflects revenue from customers that are managed by the division . as the purchasing patterns and required account expertise of customers change over time , we may reassign a customer from one division to another . in 2019 , we reassigned some of our customers from the media and carrier division to the web division and revised historical results in order to reflect the most recent categorization and to provide a comparable view for all periods presented . 23 results of operations the following sets forth , as a percentage of revenue , consolidated statements of income data for the years indicated : replace_table_token_2_th revenue revenue during the periods presented is as follows ( in thousands ) : replace_table_token_3_th the increase in our revenue in 2019 as compared to 2018 was primarily the result of higher media traffic volumes , including from our large internet platform customers , and continued strong growth in sales of our cloud security solutions . cloud security solutions revenue for the year ended december 31 , 2019 was $ 848.7 million , compared to $ 658.7 million for the year ended december 31 , 2018 , which represents a 28.8 % increase . the increase in our revenue in 2018 as compared to 2017 was primarily the result of higher media traffic volumes , increased sales of our new product offerings and continued strong growth in our cloud security solutions . cloud security solutions revenue for the year ended december 31 , 2018 was $ 658.7 million , compared to $ 487.6 million for the year ended december 31 , 2017 , which represents a 35.1 % increase . the increase in web division revenue for 2019 as compared to 2018 was primarily the result of increased sales of both new and existing cloud security solutions to this customer base . the increase in web division revenue in 2018 as compared to 2017 was due to increased purchases of new solutions and upgrades to existing services by this customer base . increased sales of our cloud security solutions to web division customers , in particular our kona site defender , prolexic and managed security solutions , as well as our new bot manager offering were a principal contributor to our overall revenue growth in 2018 . 24 the increase in media and carrier division revenue for 2019 as compared to 2018 , as well as 2018 as compared to 2017 , was primarily the result of increased customer traffic volumes from video delivery and gaming customers and sales of cloud security solutions to this customer base . revenue derived in the u.s. and internationally during the periods presented is as follows ( in thousands ) : replace_table_token_4_th the u.s. growth rate for 2019 was negatively impacted by a reduction in prices paid by some of our customers , partially offset by an increase in revenue from our large internet platform customers , as these customers are based in the u.s. for the year ended december 31 , 2019 , approximately 41 % of our revenue was derived from our operations located outside of the u.s. , compared to 38 % for the year ended december 31 , 2018 , and 34 % for the year ended december 31 , 2017 . story_separator_special_tag the non-gaap financial measures do not replace the presentation of our gaap financial measures and should only be used as a supplement to , not as a substitute for , our financial results presented in accordance with gaap . the non-gaap adjustments , and our basis for excluding them from non-gaap financial measures , are outlined below : amortization of acquired intangible assets – we have incurred amortization of intangible assets , included in our gaap financial statements , related to various acquisitions we have made . the amount of an acquisition 's purchase price allocated to intangible assets and term of its related amortization can vary significantly and are unique to each acquisition ; therefore , we exclude amortization of acquired intangible assets from our non-gaap financial measures to provide investors with a consistent basis for comparing pre- and post-acquisition operating results . stock-based compensation and amortization of capitalized stock-based compensation – although stock-based compensation is an important aspect of the compensation paid to our employees , the grant date fair value varies based on the stock price at the time of grant , varying valuation methodologies , subjective assumptions and the variety of award types . this makes the comparison of our current financial results to previous and future periods difficult to interpret ; therefore , we believe it is useful to exclude stock-based compensation and amortization of capitalized stock-based compensation from our non-gaap financial measures in order to highlight the performance of our core business and to be consistent with the way many investors evaluate our performance and compare our operating results to peer companies . acquisition-related costs – acquisition-related costs include transaction fees , advisory fees , due diligence costs and other direct costs associated with strategic activities . in addition , subsequent adjustments to our initial estimated amounts of contingent consideration and indemnification associated with specific acquisitions are included within acquisition-related costs . these amounts are impacted by the timing and size of the acquisitions . we exclude acquisition-related costs from our non-gaap financial measures to provide a useful comparison of our operating results to prior periods and to our peer companies because such amounts vary significantly based on the magnitude of our acquisition transactions and do not reflect our core operations . 31 restructuring charges – we have incurred restructuring charges that are included in our gaap financial statements , primarily related to workforce reductions and estimated costs of exiting facility lease commitments . we exclude these items from our non-gaap financial measures when evaluating our continuing business performance as such items vary significantly based on the magnitude of the restructuring action and do not reflect expected future operating expenses . in addition , these charges do not necessarily provide meaningful insight into the fundamentals of current or past operations of our business . amortization of debt discount and issuance costs and amortization of capitalized interest expense – in august 2019 , we issued $ 1,150 million of convertible senior notes due 2027 with a coupon interest rate of 0.375 % . in may 2018 , we issued $ 1,150 million of convertible senior notes due 2025 with a coupon interest rate of 0.125 % . in february 2014 , we issued $ 690 million of convertible senior notes due 2019 with a coupon interest rate of 0 % . the imputed interest rates of these convertible senior notes were 3.10 % , 4.26 % and 3.20 % , respectively . this is a result of the debt discounts recorded for the conversion features that are required to be separately accounted for as equity under gaap , thereby reducing the carrying values of the convertible debt instruments . the debt discounts are amortized as interest expense together with the issuance costs of the debt . the interest expense excluded from our non-gaap results is comprised of these non-cash components and is excluded from management 's assessment of our operating performance because management believes the non-cash expense is not representative of ongoing operating performance . gains and losses on investments – we have recorded gains and losses from the disposition , changes to fair value and impairment of certain investments . we believe excluding these amounts from our non-gaap financial measures is useful to investors as the types of events giving rise to them are not representative of our core business operations and ongoing operating performance . legal and stockholder matter costs – we have incurred losses related to the settlement of legal matters and costs from professional service providers related to a non-routine stockholder matter . we believe excluding these amounts from our non-gaap financial measures is useful to investors as the types of events giving rise to them are not representative of our core business operations . endowment of akamai foundation – during the second quarter of 2018 , we incurred a charge to endow the akamai foundation . we believe excluding this amount from non-gaap financial measures is useful to investors as this one-time event is not representative of our core business operations . transformation costs – we have incurred professional services fees associated with internal transformation programs designed to improve operating margins and that are part of a planned program intended to significantly change the manner in which business is conducted . we believe excluding these amounts from our non-gaap financial measures is useful to investors as the types of events and activities giving rise to them occur infrequently and are not representative of our core business operations and ongoing operating performance . income and losses from equity method investment – we record income or losses on our share of earnings and losses of our equity method investment . we exclude such income and losses because we lack control over the operations of the investment and the related income and losses are not representative of our core business operations . income tax effect of non-gaap adjustments and certain discrete tax items – the non-gaap adjustments described above are reported on a

