text: A. REPP, President. P. A. OVERSETT, President. B. Tj a@r i- ®©*V. 5 t: r. W V' *v W*"1 4r W.S. nr V- M. 4 -v y? V*V* FC &<•»* ZIP roc waiirr raw JOB PRINTING Oct tt at (A« LEADER OFFICE VOL. 15. NUMBER 32. The following Washington dispatch was published in the Minneapolis Journal of January 20: Professor W. Hays, assistant secretary of agriculture, has some decided views regarding the seed-wheat question, which is now agitating the spring wheat section of the northwest. When the Journal correspondent today asked him to express his views on that subject for publication, there was prompt response. Prof. Hays handles questions without gloves, and is not at all in sympathy with the idea of importing excellent wheat for seed. His views were given the Journal at length, and they will be heard with interest in Minnesota and the Dakotas. He begins with a statement explaining the causes and character of rust in wheat, and from that goes straight into the discussion of seed for the present year's crop. He says: "I have been too busy for several weeks to complete a proposed bulletin on the Seed-grain problem. I expect that the Minnesota experiment station will have something to say on that subject soon. In a large section of Minnesota and the Dakotas, the wheat is too much shrunken to be used for seed. This is a shrunken condition, known as rust. I'^v^^This disease consists of a growth from fr-M spores of a needle-like fungus half an •r,--s.5,^''lnch or so in length and,which, in turn, jj^^tebears more spores The spores falling tlle lea' the *s§.r -.:'i%"i SIOUX VALLEY HARDWARE & IMPLEMENT GO. Your account is still unpaid. We must have our book ac counts settled. If you have not got the money, give us your note. This is a busi ness proposition. Yours truly, Sioux Valley Hardware & Imp. Co. M. BIITHITT, Vlee Pre*. L. T. WIRSSAD, Secy. J. LEWIS, Vice President. Farmers' State Bank Of C«ii|4oi|. JRericL \jpp Os/pital $25,OCXD Individual Responsibility of Stockholders $400,000. MM" Short Tin Loans. Fin Loins. Farmew and llerohanta Business Bespectfully Solicited. Careful and Personal Attention Given to Every Detail. FAVORS HIBH BRED SEED. Assistant Secretary Hays Makes Yaloable Suggestions Bear f-- ing on Wheat Culture. w'ieat ®*?.^»#^^"-«season, germinate, and the thread like sprouts find their way thrn the minute breathing pores or holes in the skin lof the plant. The thread-like rust plant bores its way for half an inch pr more thru the tissue of the leaf and goes to seed. Thai is, on the end of this little rust fungus spores are formed. early in the II These are in such large masses under A^the surffcce of the leaf that its skin i^i burst and the mass of spores are exposed as a yellow blotch. DISEASE: DOESN'T IMMUNIZE. From the first infection till disease rears out requires about eleven days. As a few days are required for the spores to be blown about, a slight filling on other leaf surfaces, we may say that the period of incubation is about two weeks. This disease is not like measles or smallpox, as it does not immunize the parent, but each spore can make a new infection on the plant on which it grew or on another plant. There is strong suspicion that these minute spores can ride on dust particles for long distances. But the notion that they live on seeds of wheat, as do the spores of stinking smut, is erroneous. Since rust can multiply every two weeks, if the spores are supplied with water, from rain or dews for several hours, to enable them to germinate, a season favorable to rust causes it to multiply in sufficient quantity to overwhelm the wheat plant. Last year, supplied the rain or dews about every week to germinate the new crop of disease spores. The rust multiplied probably ten-fold, every generation, and by harvest time simply overwhelm the wheat plants, just as tubercular germs become so numerous in the last stages of that disease, that the patient is overcome. In many ways, the yellow plague on wheat is like "the white plague" in man. "In 1905, it is likely that there will be periods several weeks long in which there will not be sufficient moisture on the leaves of wheat and oats to enable the rust spores to germinate, thus preventing a recurrence of last year's rust scourge. Just how the pest lives over winter and gets started on young wheat plants is not determined. The infection may blow from the south, from regions where it lives on winter wheat, the it is probable that some spores are on plants other than wheat. With good seed, the chances are evidently nearly as good as usual for a crop of wheat. "The heavy grains, which may be graded out of rusted wheat, make good seed. No doubt, as Professor Boiley has suggested, part of these heavy kernels are from plants resistant to rust, and therefore are somewhat especially bred for country subject to this disease. Certainly, the new fife and blue-stem varieties—Minnesota No. 168 and Minnesota No. 169, bred by the Minnesota and North Dakota experiment stations in cooperation—are somewhat rust resistant. This is proved by the fact that these varieties yield 20 percent more than the wheat they are displacing, in years of much rust, as well as in years of little rust." "If these statements are true, the farmers, dealers and millers should at once recognize fully their economic importance and act accordingly." The Inwood Herald gets off the fol lowing: A Lyon township farmer dreamed that he raised a thousand bu shels of wheat and was happy over the fact. Then he dreamed that he sold it for $1 a bushel and his happiness was cpmplete. But he dreamed that he sold it to a thonsand different people, a bushel to each one, and that no one paid him and that he was at sea. when he awoke it was broad daylight and leaping out of bed he exclaimed to his wife: "Rebecca, I have had a solemnv warning and know the meaning of it, I am going right off to town and pay the printer what I owe him on the pap per. The Lincoln county farmers come in and pay for their Leader and then go home and drtam of being the happiest men on earth and find it a glorious truth when they wake up. S »*V r\ 4 ..4r .* 4 FaHkful Lt ADC ft In *ixt Ms Oasss of O Breakfast Foods Carried in Stock: Breakfast Wheat Breakfast Oats Cream of Wheat Egosee Force Grape-Nuts Gusto H. O. Buckwheat H. O. Pancake Flour Quaker Oats Malta "Vita Shredded Whole Wheat Vigor Buckwheat Flour Corn Meal Graham Flour Everything New and Up-to-Date. Economy Tie Canton's Annual 7/fusical 3*eotival. With Wanda O'Connell and the Serenade Sangamonny The opening number was by the orchestra with Prof. Indseth as leader, and when the professor turned to acknowledge the opening salutation from such an audience he smiled like his leader who was conscious of a popular triumph before the last curtain went down, and he was justified in this prediction, if thus he communed with himself. The opening number gave ample proof that the orchestra, as a whole, had made splendid progress during the past year or since their last concert in the same place. The encore brought one of beautiful creations so much admired at Mitchell when the King played there in the orchestra. The music and singing combined was sweetly charming. Then followed a clarinet solo by Bay Indseth with the Orchestra which also brought an encore. The Griegs, always popular, always superb in appearances, sang "Brudeforden" and merited the encore that called them back. This splendid society, like the Wendt Orchestra, grows in popular esteem year by year and they deserve all the praise so liberally bestowed upon them. A rare treat followed when Mrs. A. N. Bragstad appeared in a reading entitled "The Cuban Befugee." The part required emotional and dramatic talent of a high order, which the lady possesses to a remarkable degree for one who so seldom appears in public. Her diction was elegant and voice well modulated to express the grief and sorrow and revenge of the patriotic refugee. At times her voice and action were intensely dramatic and powerful. She won a high place in the estimation of our people and Mrs. Bragstad has reason to be proud of the fact that no lady reader has ever appeared in the opera house that is her superior. In response to a highly appreciative audience, she recited a funny little piece that left them all laughing. Entertain a Vivid Entertainment of Music The opera house might have held one or two more people on some occasion than there was crowded between the walls last Friday evening but we doubt it, and somewhere between fifty to seventy-five were compelled to stand up, and standing room was at a premium. This condition could not be avoided owing to the size of the ball and a supreme desire to hear Canton's favorite musical organization, which grows in popularity from year to year. Next year it will take the Assembly. Auditorium to hold all those who will want to enjoy the musical presented by the Wendt Orchestra. Most of that big audience was seated when the curtain went up, but the late ones, and there are always late ones, kept coming all through the first part, much to the annoyance of those willing to wait five minutes for the opening number. The Oriegs sang "Jeg Vil Voerge Mit Land," and the first part of a delightful program was over. Numbers one and two, part two, were by the orchestra and each selection was received with applause and encore, and each member seemed to feel that thrilling pleasure that stirs the heart and hand to greater things to meet the highest hopes of a proud and happy home audience and the victory met responsive hearts. Opera House. Sousa's admir March Octob- It and Reform, the theme of Truth and Justice. CANTON, SOUTH DAKOTA, FRIDAY, JANUARY 27, 1905. With a complete stock of new Drugs, Stationery and Groceries, Solicits public patronage and guarantees fresh up-to-date goods at lowest prices. The famous Ivy Wreath Brand of Canned Goods, absolutely pure. Gunther's Celebrated Candies lead the world. Prescriptions Carefully Compounded. JAMES LEWIS. PHONE 251. A monologue by Mrs. A. N. Bragstad, was splendid. It was so natural—so life like—that many a dear charmer in that big audience felt a fellow feeling for the speaker. The Holy City, slide trombone solo, by Andrew Indseth, with orchestral support was a musical gem and highly appreciated. reciated. Dr. Wendt came from behind the curtain and thanked the audience generously and announced the closing number a concert overture. The Midnight Sun by Prof. Indseth, composed by that gentleman away up on that mountain branch where one can see this glorious sun circle, where the inspiration sprang unbidden, from a heart full of music, where the young composer felt the glory of the scene—a world's end as it were—and there in his heart the music of the midnight sun burst forth in glorious unison with God's glorious painting for the human eye. The curtain went up and the orchestra was ready for the doling and with a wave of Prof. Indseth's baton, the beautiful notes of the overture filled the house and the hearts of an audience ready to accord the Wendt Orchestra the highest meed of praise ever accorded to a musical program rendered in that house. People came from all over the county to hear Canton's favorite sons and daughters in music, but unfortunately those who came in late were unable to secure seats of any kind, everything being reserved before the doors were thrown open. We saw Helge Bogness of Norway and Tilliman Mausbach of Lynn, standing among the belated arrivals and they seemed to care little about their uncomfortable position—their hearts were filled with music and their souls were full of joy. It was a great concert. Another Surprise Party. Just as Mr. and Mrs. N. C. Shore were about to start for Canton last Friday, some friends drove up and showed a desire to remain for a time. In a little while more friends came and again more came until the Shore home was filled, then it dawned upon Mr. and Mrs. Shore that their friends had come to have a kind of a farewell supper, but this didn't prove quite correct. After about thirty ladies and gentlemen had assembled there and social amenities of the season had passed, the tall, dignified form of Frank Beck arose from a corner where several ladies had been telling him something of a secret, and he surveyed the scene before him with the eye of one who had something to say. He spoke of the kindly associations formed among friends in the rural districts and the sadness and sorrow brought about by the severance of these neighbors relations, but in parting from old friends, it was sweet to know that we are remembered. After a few complimentary remarks, Mr. Beck presented Mrs. Shore with a beautiful rocking chair, and she was called upon for a response. Mrs. Shore made a neat address, thanking her friends for their kindness and she did the honors charmingly. Refreshments followed and the evening passed away delightfully. Mr. and Mrs. Shore expect to leave for Geddes in Charles Mix county about March 1. To-Date Trial of Stand Corruption Some of the Goods We Carry on Which Our Prices are Right: Hot Water Bottles Fountain Syringes Fine Perfumes Toilet Soaps Choice Tablets Feather Dusters Cloth Brushes Hair Brushes Tooth Brushes Nail Brushes Bath Brushes Peris and Pencils Writing Fluid Pocketbooks Purses Cham Oss Skins A Western Reform Movement. Our readers must have noticed in the last week or two the remarkable inaugurals delivered by the governors of western states, nearly everyone of them advocating earnestly the reforms demanded in the different states. Two of them, the governors of Indiana and Wyoming have sharply called attention to nefarious custom of selling votes. Out of five thousand voters mentioned by the governor of Indiana in a certain district, twelve hundred are regularly listed for sale to which every party gives the most. The condition of affairs are even worse in Colorado. Governor Folk of Missouri has perhaps been the most aggressive in his demands for reform. Nowhere has there been greater need of reform than in the state of Missouri, owing to the fact that she has two large cities, in each of which it is generally conceded that corruption is rampant. Minnesota and Wisconsin have been urging closer regulation of corporations, with Illinois demanding the enactment of a primary law which will put it out of the hands of the political bosses, the men who ride on railroad passes and furnish railroad passes to willing delegates to control county and state conventions. Iowa has no legislature in session this year, but the utterances of Governor Cummins on various lines at various times leave no question but that he is in sympathy with and actively supporting these general measures of reform. With the governor of Wisconsin and the retiring governor of Minnesota, he visited Washington and urged upon the president the policy which he had already decided upon with reference to railroad legislation. This means that there is an awakening of the conscience of the common people and of business men in all this wide Mississippi valley. For years past, the great aim and end of the majority of men has been to make money, and they have gradually fallen into the adoption of methods which are often in absolute conflict with the standards of morality heretofore maintained and generally accepted not merely by professed Christians but by all good citizens. When matters get to their worst, they begin to mend. Progress is like the motion of the water of the sea, in waves. For years the strong men forget the rights of their fellowmen and the weak and trample on them, but the natural workings out of evil brings men face to face with the eternal and immutable laws of rectitude. Let us hope that this awakening of conscience may extend over the entire United States, and that we shall have better government in the cities, relief from the oppression of trusts and combinations the country over, and have sounder and saner and purer legislation in all our legislative bodies, state and national. The battle is now on. We have never known a movement of reform to spread so rapidly as that for the reform of corporate methods. Last summer when we were alone among the agricultural papers, and in fact among papers generally in demanding that congress put teeth in the interstate commerce law, we felt that we were as "a voice crying in the wilderness." We felt, however, that this must be done or the government of this nation would pass from the hands of the people into the hands not of the railroads and other corporations, but of individuals who own and control these corporations. So rapid was this movement and such powerful support did it receive from the president in his message to congress that no doubt many of our readers felt that the corporations were on the run and victory in sight. We warned them a couple of weeks ago not to entertain any such vain hope. This conflict will be one of the most severe that has ever been waged in the United States. It will not be won this year or next year. We make advances, gain some strong positions, but the battle is only fairly on. The system in Wall Street which controls all our international highways will not give up its power for evil after one battle or two. It will fight until the system is broken up, and may bring a good deal of financial disturbance when it goes to pieces but it must go to pieces or the country will go to pieces. The danger now is that the country will again be deceived by laws which on their face look all right, but conceal a little joker which will render entirely worthless the law itself. When congressmen who have heretofore refused to state where they stand get busy in framing legislation which they profess to believe will carry out the plans of the president, it is time for every man to be on his guard.—Wallaces' Farmer. John Brown on Razorbacks. John Brown, the big, modest, genial farmer from Dayton Hall, was in town the other day, and we talked about corn worth $11 an ear and corn worth $2. Nothing Old or Out of Date. An ear and other things along the seed corn line. We remarked that John wouldn't raise a razorbacked hog when he could raise big Poland-Chinas. "Well," said John, "that depends on where you live. If you lived down in Texas you would likely raise the razorback," and he smiled one of those Dayton township smiles the ladies admire so much. We told him that we could see no reason for any man raising razorbacks in preference to big fat Poland. "A friend of mine from Nebraska, said John, "shipped some fine Poland's down to Texas for a big competitive bog show. When the judges got through all kinds of razorbacks had blue ribbons and the Nebraska Polands were apparently without merit or a friend. The Nebraska man was hot and he raised Ned generally and wanted to lick all the judges, and demanded an explanation. One of the judges said to him, "Say, stranger, you don't seem to understand the situation. Up in your country, your big fat, short-legged critters are all right, but they would bankrupt a farmer in Texas." "Bankrupt a man in Texas. Up in our country, we call them mortgage lifters. What do you mean?" said the irate Nebraskan. "Well, stranger, we didn't mean to hurt your feelings, but your big fat hogs couldn't run away from our pork-loving niggars." The Nebraskan saw the point. We didn't discuss the corn question any farther with John at that time. Annual Lutheran Meeting Church. At the recent annual meeting of the Canton Lutheran church, the following officers were elected: O. M. Gunderson, secretary; T. Helgerson, treasurer. For members of board of trustees to fill vacancies, Th. Gunderson and John Millie, John Isakson and M. J. Aus were elected delegates to the annual meeting of the United Lutheran church to be held at Minneapolis during the coming summer. Jens T. Hansen and C. P. Viland are the alternates. The congregation of the church will hold a meeting February 6, to discuss the question of building a new church, and this great rich congregation needs an new church that will seat 1000 people on the first floor. It would seem that the Russian people are not worthy of an improved condition of civil government. When their country is in the midst of a great war, the socialistic elements want to raise the red flag and paralyze all government. Senator Depew, as a director in sixty corporations, may be depended upon to give hearty support to Garfield's recommendation to put those corporations under control. Can the twine trust Dakota legislature? Established in 1879, we have a South Dakota newspaper. Advertise in the Leader, largest paper, largest circulation. ANNUAL. $1.50 PER YEAR. Don't get scared just because we offer to sell you Shoes at much less than you can buy the same for elsewhere. We have a long line of Shoes and for that reason have a large number to close out every year. It will pay you to invest now, even though you don't need the goods at present the time is sure to come when you do and you will have to pay more money. BRAGSTAD & JOHNSON, The Cash Shoe Store, Canton, S. D. BEEF TRUST MUST BUST. It's the Packers Refuse to Obey the Law They Will Land In Jail. The following Washington despatch indicates that the beef trust is going to bust. "If the expected decision from the supreme court sustaining Judge Grosscup's injunction against the beef trust be not followed by a dissolution of the combine, the packers will be prosecuted, and if necessary, sent to jail for contempt of court. This decision was reached at a conference United States District Attorney Bethea of Chicago had with Attorney General Moody today. The department of justice has ample evidence to prove that the packers have not given a pretense of complying with the injunction. They have continued their old methods, by which they fixed the buying and selling prices of meats, openly and flagrantly in the face of both the general law and Judge Grosscup's order. It is believed that if the packers should be hauled into court on the evidence which has been gathered by Mr. Moody's investigators, Judge Grosscup would fine them heavily and send them to jail, especially if the government should ask that the extreme penalty be enforced. Mr. Moody realizes that the packers may have some show of an excuse'for failing to comply with the injunction until their appeal has been deoided, and he is inclined to give them a chance to obey the law. But their must be no un-necessary delay, nor will any half way reformation be aocepted. The trust must be dissolved, not technically bnt actually, and at onoe, and every method and agreement by which it has controlled the markets must be aban-^ doned. Actual competition must pre vail in the purchase of stock and the sale of meats. Mr. Moody will be sat isfied with nothing less than.that, and if the change doe^not come quickly, relent^ii prosecutions will be institut ed against the packers. A socialist delegate from Wyoming at Indianapolis, charged President Mitchell with selling out the miners, in Colorado. He was promptly expelled from the order. The greatest system renovator. Be stores vitality, regulates the kidneys, liver and stomach. If Hollister's Rocky Mountain Tea fails to cure get your money back. That's fair. The First National Bank OF CANTON, S. D. "A I. M. Helmey & Co. Savings Department lil Goi)i}ectloi)« 4 Per Cent Interest Paid and Computed Semi-Annuaily. Transact a General Banking Business and Invite you to call and see us. Safety Deposit Boxes to Rent. BOARD OF DIRECTORS: THOS. THORSON, President. J. V. CONKLIN, Vice President. O S. GIFFORD, E. S. O'NEIL, J. F. FERGUSON. H. ANDERSON, Cashier. CHAS. A. GOETZ, Ass't Cashier. (2 '\S to. Chartered in 1881 •-«. .J 1.4-5 -sii§. 